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’ THE BRYOLOGIST

AN ILLUSTRATED BIMONTHLY

DEVOTED TO

NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES

HEPATICS AND LICHENS
VOLUME XIX (2 ee

O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.

GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M.S.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the
Advisory Board Officers of the Society

PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA

1916

THE BRYOLOGIST

VOLUME XIX,

1916

INDEX TO LATIN PLANT-NAMES

- Acanthocladium ceylonense....... 80

Acrocladium cuspidatum.......... 40
Adelanthus decipiens............. 27
Bevlectoria,sarmentosa............). 97
-Amblystegiella AGMELLA Rese. a «s 8
confervoides....... 45

" SOICCL Ss sec iias 2s 2 45

a SUDO ISe yee ses 3. 5s 45
Amblystegium mtiwaeetley =... 35): 40
Paral OUNULTI Ass 2.26 «180 go

3 ““ var. perplexum 90

™ yuratakanum.....* 7

4 I< cislehy ies ane Dy ae a
orthocladon 47, 72, 90

oi porphyrhizon. ?.... 4O

iy TNCICALCS 0 Ups oo tacs 72

ny UMA IUTIAG Sh Mo. 2 45

s BET IEMS a eric 2s cage ts ii

i el CH ATG ale 12s cel ha ete 45

a wariuim..... 40, 72; 90
Pampnimiund lapponicum.......... 4
Amphoridium Sullivantii.......... 39
e [ZppOniciim. .)...... 39

sf Niaugeoti.... 6.4... 39
Anacamptodon splachnoides....... 40
Anacolea Webbii............. 82, 95
pMiPGiedeaGedce, .......... 00.00... 78
ANID IBY S 7) ea 20, 88
MBPS URIS Gs oe cal siete Lense 47

ry GASSIFONME . Ged fib aes 6 ofacees 79

i MIEMROM MME? 20), o-.8e scl ave 3 39
Prieta latithOns....i........: 2729
“0. MOOI Z3 Eye a 27
Anoectangium leppomiGuin, ss... 39
Wie OUI. S42, 2. 39

PMO TMMOWM OME oo ws et ols ev cess 6 ois 23
¥ BILEeMIAtUS: ¢. i.’ 40; 71

‘ PG SECAPUS cit fash 0) ss 44, 71

“ SMG UMOSUISI.. o5 oe. 40
Anthoceros CHAS PUNISH, ©. ceo 6. sks ere 13
MaACOUT. ) sien,» 1g..27

a pUMGia wie ree... 42
Peewania tinpolita..: . 0... ss. ps ee 96
‘ MOLI S dee toh ee gh ais a: 96
Eipl@zia towaddaensis../........... 48
2 Po. Gn i a 75,78
SLU, er a he 75
Atrichum Haussknechtii.......... 40
* SS A INACT Ne aaa ee 40

H WMG UAT UMG. |. a sabia heart A6

re [RGU (Aes cial ie ee 95
Rei@eoiiiiiaceae. ............-.5.- 5
PMMEIGOMIMNUIM.. oe be P22
i UIE! OMAGH as) oye os. 44

’ palustre Pa eb toa 5, 39

var. cincin-

matulum::... 3. 79
imbricatum... 5
Alida citi 5

66 66

|e OL V2 Reem Nr a ee ee 21

eee plc tcp ee eins rey fo ee eg g

eee TMG HOMMILO ee wartee etre nat. 47

GOR Mgr SIGUE COLI SEY ay ee ey te ae akee,.eey 0 71

) PSQUATLOSA yap tt oe eek, e 71

Her bOLUUIOS ac ure tam kyalates aan: 39

jee SUC LAG as Sgeerery a eee 39

Banitamiane ee ei. ee ae Dineee

: (Ch) Beh ee a ee Pa 39

i AEA MW Al Qe cae Welrera reer 5

i eden cc 7 tak en) 39

oe POMIfOLMISS eee, Ane 7

‘ Shieh Maan tt eee AO

Bazzatia tyianeulars. |. ..c4.0. eae: 39

Uhebenhatan..vn.'. « 27,029).20

i trilobatdec.s).).- - 27. 20 250

Biatora niveocinctaiy.s 20%... 4. 0). 2

3 Sabuleborumly o <cl. e tuna 82

| BIS IRA Soe Bika eat hn Aa 24

Blepharostoma tricophyllum:.. 27, 30

Setifonime. 2. tea. ee: 27

LIIGACH Cannes «ats ui eee cae 39

Brachymenium lusitanicum....... 79

DTAChytMeCtaceaew. 2.) ..i aye ae wien 48

Brachythecium Bs RC ee rate 22

AGULUII «vee. hte s 6

a eillonKehelsy ano ester 46

e COU. A ves es 6

a digastrumts. -..c).% 6, 40

flexicaulern.)...05 me 46

ae SlaCialensh ames derec 40

glareosSum, . 24... << 6

i Weibergiics. o.10). 52 7

es INelsoniven-«.t-.-F 2,

4 novae-angliae...... 46

a oOxycladon, 45... 7,

ie po -detitatuni. 75-73

fe plumosum... 7, 26, 40

in populeum ss. fe... 40

ig TOMER TI ey. eres 40

x Tivdlare... ..). Bri 7 a AO,

i HbA Ulm ose ott 46

= salebrosum...... 6, 40

o SPARICGI Wan vce e ees 46

Brewteliaee a. steny goede sie! te ee ye 27

ri fuseoO-alrede. tia. . 24s. 80

= DEM CUILAnMeteeenneet akeiiale as 80

ye SIGWIST Wem Te ie suo eaters 80

MoM Lae, eepere ss ee cle et teat cat or LR ate 75
Bryhnia graminicolor var. Holz-

INGeri oer 78

ye Naka noire tne a6 aslo s 48

a noviae-angliae........... i

EVA CCAS Rye eee ati ee dee aie" 5, 78

LERMAN gg hts Annee AIS te in iat 21 22

Pee ACUUIISCUNLTIA FS WH esc coe 5.0. 39

See AIT TIG ag ak MIR, Set Sco: 5

o,f PAL CeN COMING: mreidnaanle face 5, 47

Hoy SV MeSy UN oahu ues et ae eget ae 44

pl

Bryum CACSPIGICIUIIM: eee. Geers 5) 47 Ceratodon purpureus var. aristatus 73
Capillane viewer. Loe. oe. 5, 44 ‘““ xanthopus 73
iat COVIONCNSE. 26 ares ne ee 80 .. Cetraria ot.. 22 0. eae 33 q
oh aeyelopinydliyimeee oo... oe 44 “.. pallidula........ 5 EE
Shier AD YU Rize\l 0 ky ee eR ka 5, 44 Cheilolejeunea decidua..:........ 14
a wenythropmy lum’ 242. cine 47 Chiloscyphus fragilis. . 2.78 13, 20% 42
eer inClinacim: qe. etree 47 pallescens....... 29, 42
s<.. INtermeditiml.-. 9365 cae 47 " polyanthus cla) aoe oe 39
ioe * INOW LORIE... oe. eh eee ee 47 c var. rivularis 27
MA DALES R em einNe Us 2.0. eas 39 rivularis:s, 27 39; 48
geome epallesGensi.. char, seu qenene 39 Chrysohypnum chrysophyllum. . - 45
ede TiC Turan et ea pases laeu teen 5 hispidulum:s. 2 40e. 45
2) pseudotriquetrum)) 5.77. 5, 39 , polygamum, 2223, 45
Nae: if var. aristatum... 49 a sinuolatum. . 2.224% 40
ts INA UEL fel ike, Shee nausea emai 47 : stellatum.<730-e 45
#8 (SUDpULpULAScens..”. Sas a= 5 Cinclidium stygium: 3.22.2 eee 47
rid! ctOnguescens*s . a2, seek yee 47 subrotundtnmt:./ soe 47
SL VENETIGOSUNI G0. Sonnet ae 39... Cirriphyllum...2.7. ee 23
SE Vieberactorme. 014. 5a. 95. Cladonia. i... ie ee ee 69
Buellia odaledaiy.::. <2 asc. eek 96 “s alpestnisi:: }. a eae 34
1.” <DATASeMar 08.5 sic en ee 96 ‘““< fimbriata -var. subulata. ..) 66
7 2 paniieliarum):.<ciees dace eres II ‘“ -pyxidata chlorophaea..... 96
ie SS SPelhAeas . hae y vecc ee eens 50. Clevea hydlina.. 455 00 28
i. Striphragmias:,. wey ee we 96" Climacium® . .. Sic eee 22,1 28
I UXbaUiniats. vc 0, oot erence 211,069 *% americanitis 2-07). 7
i aphy lla. cs. esa eee 69 te dendroidésis. .7-eiaee 7 dA
4 Indusiatas: <n. cee eee 46 Cnhestrum.s.. (Sheps eee 9
Calliercon700 EN ace eee 22, 23 Cololejeunea tuberculata.-:2. 32: II
i‘ cordifoliim nee eee 40 -Conocephalum: 2. 4232 oe 24
4 Stramlineum.: 2) ree 40 e conicum.. . 27, 405-50
Calymperes UE ns RB icy oA 95 . Coseinodon: ..3..88se4. eee 75
Subsalakense 2a. epee 94. Ctenidium.....\ 22
Calypogeia f1SSae cee eee ee 42 a molluseum:ia2e. eee 47
INeestatial py tae 29, 42 Cyathophora quadtata =e 27, 30
% SUECICa Ai seca ae 29, 42 - Cynodontiella. |... see 9
“i Trichomanis i... 27, 30 Cynodontium schist.) 82 22 eae 9
Camptochaete thamnioides........ 80 a strumiferum........ 9
Camptothecium lutescensst.0) ales 6. Desmatodon cernuus. =.= 78
TLECM Seger nas 7 AG - latifolius./-) {429 3
Gatharinaea ere a taekice oe 2ie22 a meridionalis! 4s. ise6 78
angustata..... 24, 46, 69 _ us muUtiCus.e: <3
rs Haussknechtii.. 6 ae 40 r Bs glacialis....%3
“a Selwyn eet 2, 40 Dermatocarpon lecideoides........ II
i tschuctscehicaviet. - ie 70°. . Dichelyma. }... <3 Vacs eee 23
nid Wlataete ay feeeea ae 46 capillaceum:.. ee 44
Catillaria franciscana. 22... sas 96 Dichodontium pellucidum......... 39
Cephalozia bicuspidata 27; 39, 86,:96 *. Dicranaceae...-7. 3) 2 eee 2;/9
catemUlatay ey... 27 329) Dicranellan se een eee ae ee
2, CONNIVENSSo A ee 47 g cerviculatay eee 39, 97
"A Cumyitoliaw.. 2 27, 6Oa000 heteromalla . 325.) 39, 69
my Givanicata tana Ms, 47 fi pusilla, 7 2 agai 39
i florida@etc Wiacwer cn eee a ret 4 SqQuarrosa.3s. jee sae 39
e HUtbAS sn eee OT ane ES Varia. :..0 e238 \ ee 43
4 FTANCISCL:Yaeeweer. 40. Dicranodontium. 2.5.03) 1. eee 75
eo leucatithaye ee. tee 40 denudatumy acceso. 39
i Loitlesbergert) sans 2 42 - longirostre..... 2, 39
+ ATCA Latha ee 27, 20 7 sparsum. 2 ae 80
Hie PIEDICEDS:2 4 ser Rete: 42’. Dickanowelsia. : ... .. fone ae 75
Cephaloziella byssacea.i2c sy 4: 29, 42 in cirrhata.7 cs, 5 erent
Brinkmant..?2)..2 2.0m “(Dicrantmistee oe ee 0; 2h, See aa
x divanicata. al Ne 47 ne atcticum 0% fe eee 9
if eloehista’ Piast. dee wea cy Bergeri... js ee 39
ff Hampeanas i... .ve ue 29 ee Bonjeaniae' see ee 3,148
os MAY TIAN tha Vey wk eo oe brachycaulon..... 3). 39
is Rapplatia: ja hawt. II £ brevitolium, .... > eee 3
Geratodon.. sa) Oye eee 21." 22 : Canadense. i i..s)5' Seem 39

SY PULPITENS4 e245 21320; 73 * condensatunr.. 5.0 43

ay

—_V-—

Dicranum SONAESUUMR. 0k cle ee cs 39
COMSOOMMUIMS 00.02. kis. « 47

se (TPIS) 00 I ee rar a 39

% Wrummondii: 2.2... 43, 97

_ HEMIGEUNIL) v0. cei csp Bicie + 9

y Ba@ecllane, 205. F.5). 3 9, 39

i MEVLVAURTTNs 4,0). sagas s+ 5 £0), 7
HUIGEESCENS. 6 oul. ob. cia ts 39

a AGIAN ee te ee she bys. 9

3 Mente OlIUITIN hee. Fok oe cs 39

. TRG: |S eee eee ene 39, 82

“ MNO MGA TL UID ps5. ow o). ule

- ne vat. pUlVATiAtUM. °O

m es cmlacciduim..... ..9

ne Muhlenbeckil....... WA

a MiawdOcarpUlisss.....-. 3

oe BUNOOSUIMM cys. e wiclecs ee 6 oe 39

ne Sa DUNELOLUINS, cash. e bs 2.0 7A

- Seopariunt... 2.'2'.. H7

gS - orthophyilum.. 73

Hi BrcliaKetmerat hiv! ciie:. «sie os 9

; SUOMI cco. . Aig e's. « 73

“ SMUG UM tee. Mn cree ute ues 39

. Subpalustre.... 000... . 43

7 Slo) 10) hen ee 73

a SUMCAL HT t of 60 Si sie sae e 39

an mma@nilattin. sa 39

is ‘ATIC NG eaee oa 39
Didymodon Hendersonii..... 49
iy rigidulus.... S gee |

” GUWeNISS e.. cts, 4, 39

rd SOSTKS gaa 95
Dipmyscium foliosum, .5./i....... 4O
Diplophylleia albicans. . ea) 30
taxitolia...)..”. eee 20

Diplophy! wm taxifolium....:. 2730
albicans. . Re ERO

Distichium capillaceum. i a 39
Ditrichum. . : PP a) neha eee BNP
fexiemiet eee PS, 39

a neteromalhim: .. ss: .... 39

“ Mmomomallum. 10.5 0%. . 39

ie MAIC Sonate sce kes 39

x PVORSIMULAY We oma catcls ptgisy ee 43

He MMM ATIGN Meee feds). FO
Drepanociadus........ - P22) 2375
9 LGMUMIGUSE 1. he ee 7 AS

* apavaL.alpinuse: 45

- ““ “ gracilescens 45

s ve). vegracillintus *45

5 bo ‘ plumosus.. 45

‘“ pseudofluitans 7

ma eapillifolius: 3.25... 7

i exanmilatusas. 7545

wm UTIUAMS: 2.5).. .80 88 7, 45

ca | SGHTeyI 0 Te Saas eh ae Sie 7

2 “intermedius. 7

a Wioseninit here... .F. 40

ne pseudolycopodioides 40

a PuULpuUrAscens....'.%.-. 45

‘ GEVOVENS) . i... IAS

se Scorploidesis.... 45

% Sendtner..) ).... 7, 40

y Seiad Serve. serie. 45

2 SUDmersusS... <5. 5: 45
uncinatus. . 7

a caveat. plumosus 7

‘3 WVMGOMM a. 0s. wel 7

Wrepamolejeumeds. Fs... 8. os bes 85

i bidenses.23.7e 83, 86

ie hamatifola. ..°.; 4. 84

POEM OMG Pa ees wees See oe ke ote 22

FMetinopotmeciuiia 1) ixonie t)ceae. 1.3 95

ElodumimbBland owner -aees se.) 45

Pincay plain sete: Bae ee see. 4

s CUTAN Ss oe ee Grek 43

ie COME Oba ei Heke Med aoa 39

; streptocarmpas... 5. 22. 4, 39

ve vulgaris var. obtusifolius 4

Endocarpon petrolepideum........ via

ESMTOUON aon Setar’, ahora ae 23

CPPrelad@rrMZansiny star se. se 7

Zo. OLEROCAMDUS 11. B0ee ke amuse 8

IE PEM MAL ete nt eee ge ene ee 75

i GEASSIMErVIlIM:. 12. oe 78

ss megalosporum........ 49

fi SpMIULOSUIMys | 2 .uaee 73,

Erealyxiobovataw, way a. ce ve saeie 26
Eurynchium Be lads ert, Nomen s8 2

Giversitolmuim: . 2% 43. 7

vid Eb cx ae Ae eet. 7/

‘ PIACIAIE Sh s.. Ue oN, 40

: RMSGIOLIMG. 4.47.54 40, 69

Ry SEMPCOSUMM 15 uke onan See, 46

AWLOMA: coy, aaa so. eee 79

Fissidens.. Ho 222, LST oO moO

abertans: 2.2 01. 8.00... 80

a ACtamuOtdes: wean: au cna 39

ie FAUEOICUSS..<6: ep mine ike Od!

Cay aCHSLADUISS L) eee ah 20) 7a

i GECIDICMS Tae sy). .hek tesa eee 39

BGRUGNOROUINUIS Mo rly waren tens 47

WL EOSUIUMCIOLGES 2. a8. 1 52 a 39

~ serrulatus: .. a7)

Momtinalaceaese,. ppseken Sam Stic eee 8

TOmtng Se See ee tcp ee eens 23

ra antipyretica 2, 8, 944% O1

; ~ § vars ciganted ys... O1

- . eke OraCiis: ays sO

a i: mee aXAC ys, us 2 gI

i “= robusta QI

fi AEVELINICA aan oe neues QI

i DONS’: eas eee 44

i GarmuSiti week sce ieee QI

fi CPAnGlOtts, pe teheee oor tene 44

Fs WW alecanlicase ewer... os 39

a Delamanetiiss: os. 0. sans 39

a HACC Ane ent nye cha 44

i: PAGAN LCAS eataneine cy a eee 39

i“ COUMCA Wie gree AL 2 gI

= by puoides=aty.s3. ote... QI

a WESC: “Tek Mages s s 44

‘Ss novde-angliae.s. a ene. 44

> Sehiatat sweets we... 20

i Sulliwvantiiernye otis. ok. 44

Fossombronia Chispulae. cree. 67, 68
foveolata.. 4... Tw ANT

* Wondraezekix . 22... ; 97

Frullania Asagrayana.. 27,530, 30, SO

Bolanderinaes <u. 252.20

& BS GUGEOMIAe 750. J dee. <2! OO

oe eboracensis...... 275, 20.030

es Oalkkesiana: My... 2) 30, 39

* Selwymiatiaws sinus « 27 30

i MITTS s.9 leh Wisser's ce aoe 39

Hunariacede. len) oe. 5

Isha sh gts ge Aga, oe a A et 21, (22 Vas
ie ATHERICATIA, chiL wa eye cht 0) em 35 |

oe Havieans.) 26

*. ) hygrometrica. .. s, 36, 39, 89

* ee) Varo Pa LUla:, fase 89

GEOCAIV Xe AMA aes fea ee oa, Ae 24

ihe Srave@olens. 4. asi % cic 27,080

Georgia Cee Pe Ns ees hen eee 2022

fea. Penictlatad men eee 40

paene melhieida sets. careers centage 40

Gongronia strumifera...... 9

Grimaldiattracrans: 45-7. wenn 35

i EUPeStiiswict tao a7

Grimmiaceaci sh ai enc ieee eine 3; 58

Crna ra. Woe. \ 20), (2 Ieee eas

_ ADOCANPA ts oeleere a 39, g2

é : var. alpicola.... 92

Ki A ‘ rivularis.. 3

ei “ californica. . 3

a = -» Calyptsatalen4

in tcominutatas 94

. ze * scontertan. 44843

” i - \Donianas. 2.03

% i. VUCracilis maew 39

- MOMtAMA 44). oy eee a

pe dOlNe ya ss. care 3 ee emerge 50

> Ovidtan i. oN eH eae Z

i, | RECELAGT AY «ouch ore ree 26

Xi trichophylla Lc cael Ra 3

™ van Lisde aaa. 79

Gymnostomum calcareum........ 39

7: pusillimes: eee 39

a TUPCSETEN Ws sees en: 40

Gymno-ischryodon (Sect. of Fab-

TOMA) ae Uaeveriat se 79

Gyroweisia pusilla...) s. eneO

Harpanthus scutatus......... 29, 39

MLASSCA) 10." 1.00 clears Tete ee 22

Me Gag ta eye. Abe elem ena) uence 23

iy albicans), 2a ween 2. 30

% CUTACA we Or onccs Biker ee 39, 50

Fe lOGiuimnes,.0.. wv. Megs s eee ie ee 2222

Heterocladium squarrosulum. . 44.

Heterophyllon Haldanianum...... 46

Lota taney te een Atak ce 23

ee PATIOS Mh hi sa eet sia tee AO

de Miacounin, 09 en Goyal oe aay.

Homaliodendron Fleischeri........ 95

omialothecitums: 44.2.2 8. 4) ter 48

Hoppia Despreuxii. . eager eet 18)

a Fassel a) Fie ete 96

Hygroamblystegium filicinym..... 45

Hycrobtella laxitolia. 6 ose oe 40

Hygrohypnum alpestre:,. 1 n\iuige in 45

dilatatum ee eee 8, 45

e eugyrium...... 26, 40

ie molley. 2.0. we eee 8

¥ ochraceum:...). 2. 8, 40

at palustre a..n 6 8, 45

bi Simithit! oe ya 45

Fiv loc Omni yao, ance Ls 22.22

ns brevirostre oo sea. 40

calvescens.4/0.. or 47

i loreus..":):; . ae ae 40

+ splendens) saat. © 45

Bia eae

Hylocomium squarrosus........... 40
triquetruni. 5. ae 45
oF umbratum.... 27, 40, 82
Hymenophyllum Wilsonia. cree 26
tunbridgense..... 26
Hymenostylium curvirostre....... 43
Hyocomium flagellare?) 3-7. 26
Hypnatcedae. ..:. eae 6
Hypnum'. ... 50. ¢: eee 23.28
“". @rctiCuni. ... |e eee 45
“* ‘callichroum? 2235 eee 46
‘““s » canadeénsis....c sae eee 46
a cordii@lium: Sos3ee8 ee
‘ _ chrysophyllum.. =e 45
“ erista-castretisis. = aaee 2, 46
“. cupressiformis...<)) eee 46
curvifolium: {3225.20 eee 40
“. cuspidatum, (27 o ee 40
“ eugyrium. ss lar ha 40
* - exannulatums? 3) ee 45
‘* Mastigiatus: 42 4035 eee 47
io fertilis. /... 7.222 eee 40
io filicinum...:.). )Se eee 45
i fluitans.....5 2. eee 45
" Haldanianunt jo. -- eee 46
~ . hamulosumi:7..9 70 8
ae hispidulum.. 2.3 eee 45
\\ dim poOnens: «te eee ee 2, 40
a liliputianum, 3.2) nee 10
S molluscoidéss! 9735 -eeee 40
5% Moser.......: . 6 asucteeaenene 40
i ochraceum 2. 3. 40
“7, pallescens:%.)5Gg. eee 8
".. -palustres. 3. ee ae ee eee 92

= ‘* ‘var. subsphae-
e " rocarpon 90, 92, 93
& ‘“ “ dolichoneuron. 92, 93
: Patientide:: eee “ce ea gree
“ phieatile..c3 0.2 eee 8
pratense)... 0 eee 8
‘* pseudolycopodioides...... 40
‘ reptilis: 2... eee 46
. revolutum. 222 see a8
- “var. pygmigeum! J. 7

66

riparium var elongatum... 9I

‘ i ‘““ splendens... 91
e Schreberi..»-..ci\s¢2,,ceeee 46
a Serndtneri. 2. eee 40
a sinuolatum. .... yg. Bee
i stramineum:.. 9). eee 40
‘* - subsphaericagpon2: aes 92

" uncinatum. .. «coe eee 45 .
‘“* Waghornet,,..0. Ss. ene 40
Ishibaea...... 62.04. cds. eee
Isopterygium....70 - ate Oe 23
. deplanatum: > +03. 47
i elégatis. 'c5. [ene 46
A Muellerianum....... 46
uy pulchellum >: ace 46
i tubiaceums) ee 46
Isothecium My OSUroides. ) 4. ame 26
“ware Tivulare ae
Jamesoniella autumnalis... 27, 30, ee

te heterostipa. 4.5 here

Jubula pennsylyanica,, 2". 2 e ee a

Jungermannia autumnalis..... 27
coraioliaw. 2. aTR
si lanceolata 28,
u POUT NS st we
hantia trichomanis.......... 27,
Meet faloata:y.. 2... eee
MMPIAGIANIS. ee ee ee ee
S29) ey a ee
Ph oA var. alpestris. .
i : | 314516) Ney Rrra
> = npr be aati,
a * me laxXinelis:.). 2.
* - ee OOCUSMMArs, | :s
rm ny By aidsl DEUTER ALC 2 ahh ert
3 n submamillosa..
ecania, Dudleyis.........0...6--
“ec 6 2 i a a
. cineraria. . ee EN ee
Pesiolusca TuUgoOsa..../....
(25, G18 5 Oy a
PP AEROMEUANED. 09 Os ke es
“OSes ee aa
Lejeunea cavifolia........ 20,027,
5 ey eee... ve 8 bah luis ao
i patens... aS 26,
emclogia Pearson. .... 2.6... ce
if EPGAHISE os vont ale Sos 27)
” SLUICE Pea nar 42,
- Sea ULC A Se .uc.5 aid. < ahe hs
i) trichocladus. .. eee
MSM MMOPVUNIN oo... ek ki ew
y PYTUOFMe..,...... 5,
Pestodontium excelsus...........
Peprelejeuneas:,. 6... ee
ose? 0 tan
“nervosa. ae
““ Williamsii filamentosa......
Meekeciia NeErVvOSa....... 6... 60. 6.
Memcobnyuim. = ....<4....... aTA22.
i SMIMAGNOUITIN Cs Rls. Oh. Nin
; PAINE UTIL. cin ss «ete 27)
vulgare. . BL ete
ancalote: ne aera
Pree WAchypus... . settler sees
_ SCNT G (2 ec or
Leucolejeunea unciloba...........
Lophocolea heterophylla. abe Pink
Macounii.. eee
u minor. st.
Lophozia alpestris. . She Wee of
attenuata. . Mame ae ae anteercr eA d
badenisis. ... 28,
4 Dailerlamann tl yoke donk
. Dar baltale 0% 00.1, 2 sy
iCheniata, oh... e.. 28)
fs MMShead tis: Pass s esis
7 COMereWOliad .. ars. cs 0AP.
m ROIS AN eh 3 bce eat hel hats
me PRCA, Cte ok EY
i. St mnvatar sCitilal... 2.
iy Floerkii......
< let uC IMG ites cur aw a
” heterocolpa ide
"4 Metgas » Semmes te a.

— vii —

39
39
39
27
sy)

Lophozia IWavinint heen. ass 29,,42

IG ZCAME meaty ee aloha ts 29

+ longidens..... 29,,°39

4 longiflora... sae Re Ne

ae lycopodioides....... 29, 47

Me AUXAT eva oe ela et ote 27

ia minutus... We OAESO

a Muelleri. . 272s

as Ol ean ae Cina ether a ne 7

a porphyroleuca....... 27 AS

i" quinquedentata..... D7 BO

e SARICOlAwey his as sus Ro ore 27

E WENUHCOSAi. 4 Hane» 275-30

. ». var slongitloras./.., 27

4 hives, J pOrphiyroleucan 27

Le minilariaCwiGlat ae. Was lt. io. vanes 70

Macronmitrium assimilese) S92 Sa... 80

NMadothecayvorellaw i. ...0...0. 26

e ELV aul Sue ee ostiels ee. 65

Narchamtiaccacmee 1.0 os eee 19
HAG TeRMG EAR Stein gs Nayiaad cys Ys ate

., polymorpha tn... 27; 39

Marsupella UIUC ye cle yet rye tele AI

CMIAG ITAL Asia cps: <a iate ore 39

- SDAnsti@Ware? oat eek. 14

: Spiltacelataw: se sre wa. 39

2 Sullivanti ee. 28, +30.) 97

* VSL Ula Caweee spe aes 4I

WieesiastriGNotles.,5s2 faettea oaks k 5 47

Hf eNO RE os Sea en a vee 47

Metzgeria GOM IISA leis es te ae 26

PUlcGeatecinee i 15 a0 28, 40, 86

SHAMGiORA sane. sols | chav. 79

3 MyM OpOCee aves or) pce 27.528

Metzlerella alpina.... er |

Meétzleriavalipitia ji 28.) 2. be ws 9

Microbryum Floerkeanum........ rhe

Niacroleyeunea*pullata. v.00... es 86

ie LECUVH ELV Deine. eae ita Cooma 86

iy (ul bres Wave ee een irs, Bal T

IM GrOmIE GU ss es Seda A. Me encase 75

Microthamnium cavefolium....... 80

} eyemcolun Coitegenee: 80

Mniobryum albicans. %...45 oar > a 47

carneum. pmb has 7

Mnium.. PN RPI wey

affine PA ch Sucticd Mn hie stake: 39

. io VAT MIS UCUIMI,.<f ated eh 5

Sor Van bein cee meee Be earn ene . 39

eereuspidatumr.s Bee een frie.

Spee POUT IOME LI, fc oa. 008 ay Pe 39

peecinClid lOldeSe ee. ea. ao Rae 44

on Hornum,* Lg ale Se O

- hymenophylloides. se ee 39

i smarcinatiny.:, Re Foe OucaeD

“medium. by San Mama ont 44

_ orthorrhynchum. . sn tO, Ad

a pseudolycopodioides. Seat eae 47

i DUNCtAE UTI nac.ak J OQ

5 Py var. elatum...... 6

pe TOSULA WUE sae) 5: Pek Ree 6

ve spinwlosuma, ene os. fo... yO} AA

wt SEAT e wa wag wee Petey ea ees co 8O

Wiviiaranomealawtc:, ian. os e274 Ae

Mme il Ay Lots fa ms eh onesies hess 27.30

Meyurella. (ook Seat tae eee eiate 22
‘i Ca;reyawnal a. 2s. etn eens 40
i eracihsy Fhe" vip Lente aaa 40
Sak x] WIAC Cae ae holen nee 44
Nanomitrium synoicum........... 49
Nardia'crentilata..”. 19.5% oh. Zope sO
* » crenuliformis ~(Pl. -II,

MOSHE)... ou. 24, 25
bu GCOSCY.PRUS 3.8 2 sleep ares A7
pot A hyalinias sec d s/h eee 24
BOS SOB OV AEA aioe cute od ant atee ae AI
JS SCA aris: 2) Bion ac: Jame 40
Neesiella spilosa 07.24 .h.s, stdin es obs 28
ni TUPESthigh 20. usta 27,
Necker ate 52 eh ee. Meee on ake 28
i. COMM LAM AUA shes eke ieee ones 40
‘nu “Ebloeime lianas. eects et ce 80
viens kOehunelit se sue Gi. See eo es 80
% pennatagec. fe 8, 40
Ochrolechia pallescens......... parancopecy
Odontoschisma denudatum 29, 39, 86
Macouniij caer an 42
i SpPHagiiss 2) Viet 39
Oligotrichum i IN@UMVATHDY clei fee eves 34
‘* var. latifolium.. 34
«« “brevifolium. 34
Oniphalariay. 2.0 One: eee 95
Oncophonuss: ee ee ae 9
i POlVCaEypOS. 4. eine 6. Bihag
s VITENSVCe iendnte ici ee. a
a Sek ISOPRAUEUTIONE Gs ee 3
Opecrapha atrorimalisn..... seus 96
i Vulgatanrth..ciics.k She 96
Orthotrichaceae: Jeecikias: ches as 4, 8
Orthotrichums ee fe eee ATs 22 Ss
# ALIVING! nore eee cere 39
“ alpeshkes. Mea New ten tee: 4
- fastigiat Wine een: 39
‘ Fallit i¢% 1 eo ee 4
we Kangra nut eee ee 4
2 LBS e TW aa ts i ech Oi 4
- obtusifolium........ 39
a ohioense ae ieee re
* PORGETIR: pues). eee Tek
= FiUTpestre.ay 0... bea ee 39
di Schum perils, chee 4
os Schlotthaueri....... aed
Shai ou bis ce tare 4
* speciosum........ 4, 47
y ‘““ polycarpum.. 5
; Strangrilatuin, 2) sae. 47
oi WiaitsOnin 2. Stare 5
Oxyohynchitini ys? johanna 22
‘ praelongum........ 46
> ruscHornie. 2), cuees +a: 40

i ‘“ var complana-
CUI... Sea
Pallavicinia: Lyell ei te AI
Parmelia cylisphora. ... 2.8 2.4 ook 96
i Gillaceal. a. hes Meee, he Caos 96
Parmeliella lepidota coralliphora... 96
Pella ca Mee os Selman og ae cille 24
epi pby lia: sage eet Mee 27, 39
2 Babronianayy..wcte tes x fino. 4I

Ne@esiaiita 55 minis taste eb SOT

Pertusaria flavicundays/))... une 96
Pestalozzia. 40. 1.4. ee 89
Phascum,) 0072. 75
“ bryoides pilifera: 225,208 73

“oo Carniole ina aye ae Ly

‘“ cuspidatum americanum... 73

zi piltterum), oc. eee Te
Philonotis.. 7.7, eee 20; 2a 22
i arericana:cts esa ee 40

ry calearea. i. 1h. nee 79

az fontanann. “yee eee 39, 71

a Marchica:, a2 ees 44.

re Muhlenbergii........... 5

Wy Seriata< 4: 04. Seas 5
Physcia asteroideéas.....92 42 mee 96
a tribaceas. 3s eee 50, 96
Physcomitrium .:..... eae ee 214) 22
oh Drummondii....... 71

re Hookert. 5 eee 71

a iMMersumMy oe ee 73
Plagiochila asplenioides.... 26, 27, 39
punctata: > aie eaeeees Ze

ra Smiallit. 2.8. eee 14
spinulosime (sae 26,27
Plagiopus Oedert. .. ea. aoe 39
Plagiotheerum.. «4. 3) e eee ie e|
a aciculari-pungens.... 40

a denticulatum. 8, 40, 9I

a “ evar. Jaetum.. ven «02

a eit propagulifera QI

= elegans.. 146

a Muhlenbeckii. . 40

. - Roeseanum..... “47, gI

“oo vers eracile. Om

f striatellum 23) = em 40

. Sullivantiae..... 47, OI

a sylvaticuna. «eee 46, QI

s turfaceuml see ae 46
Platygyrium.... s.. 2232 ee 23
Pleuridium Bakeri.).72 ae 49
es Bolandeni-:.-0 5 4 49
Pogoriatum: 2.55.) eee 21), ae
. aloides. 2)... aay 2 eee 34

re alpinUnt si. ane 34, 40

4 ‘* -brevifoligmacy ee 2

si bornense /.i2..4. eee 95

ae brevicaule..... a ae 40

rh dentatum var. minus... 34

. longidenis!; Gr peer 34

i mnioides./Ss. 3 eee 34

* Nan wm. i.e ee 34

¥, polytrichoides; ..33 40. 34

a tenue.) >. ee eee 40

= urnigerum..... 34, 40, 82
Poblia.’. 20.5 cea 21 GO
© QD Ob: ss: aye ee cee 47

‘“ commutata 2

\ 6 {OTUdaw ss ee 6, 39

, SOUbanS. 3S. Ce, eee eee 6, 44

“ < proligerase sj: ouveaee Geen 6; ae

“ -pséudocarneum: .2o kia 47

“ Sulehella sc... aoe 47

— sphagnicola......: eee 47
Pobytrichaceae aco). 5 2 eee hope
Polytrichenay. verre sae 21,22) 50

essai aT

Polytrichum alpinum seals ae 34, 40

‘““ var. propinquum 34

e CAVILOMUM 2.5 «0,02 e's 70

# COMmMuUneS..... 40; 47; 71

2 TPAUCTOSS a eT Preto earn eee 2

ie i) Var. anomalum:... 47

eS MNEORSEATISCN: © .'o 852... s 34

% ReMseMile so. see. oe 34

a juniperinum....... 257A 7

~ a avaraloimuin..... <2

z laevigatuin: fica. es. 70

re OMIOENSE TH. e si. loa ds 40

We piliferum... ir DAT

i SUGMCEUMY. occ et... olay: 47

‘‘ Swarzil var. nigrescens 34

ve Wahlenbergii......... 34

ieOnellapititiata.............. 30, 81

Vue platyphaylila.... 27, 39, 81,,86

ie eplatyplylloides:........... 8I

mecissia Giadrata..:.......... 27, 39

Psilopilum laevagatuny. 2s)... ... 24, 70

tschuctschicum.... 34, 70

¥ eval: hymenocarpum 34

es “eo Perec Fille) ints Way as aero 34

Pterygynandrum GECIPIENISH, 5. cds 40

filiforme. . ee Rey

Ptitedum ciliare......... 6. 27, 2042

4 pulcherrimum 27) AZ

SUNG ee 2222

pmrerista-castretisis....... 46, 97

Prychomitrium incurvum......... vA

i LSU GTehy 6, Segoe ee ae ee 23

fee iMeniGata oF. eke. de 40, 44

Pe OMY AEM.) ik ws ele es 40

% ‘“_ pseudo-platygyrium 40

‘© pseudo-platygyrium....... 40

SES SCMITMDCLL, «cot. oe ee he os 40
Racomitrium (see Rhacomitrium)

Kadula complanata....... 27%..30;. 86

ikamalina Ccombeoides..........6. 96

a pollinaria f. elatior... . 96

x MeUICMAtA.. esc siarene cu O2

Rhapiidostegium..-....2........% 10

Ry laxepatulum..... 40

* liliputanum...... 10

¥ liliputianum..... 10

v lniputianum,..... 10

Zs Poel ME cts, o- 40

WVihbeterr Ses... 40

Reboulia hemisphaerica........... 35

Reinkella Parishii. . ee gan gee i

fkeynauldia Hoehnelii............ 80

Rhabdoweisia. . ice OM 75

crispata. a 373 93. 09

zs HUA es dec Ae ae 38, 69

Rhacomitrium. . 20V020.'22

AlfitS: fear S08 47

% ACICWIATe 4.1" 39, 79

ce €allesGens:. ee... 39

% fASCICUIALes ews 4.3 39

of hypnoides..... 39

“ lanueinosum,.., ..... 39

$3 IMicrocaLpunr..,. 39, 79

a ING Vite ove en AT

a PLOVENSUMM....... 2: 22

Rhacomitrium robustifolium.. are
SUMECLOUMI ws sc ws 44

Rhizocarpon geminatum.......... 96
Rhizogonium medium laxifolium... 95
ROU Otay Aline ae foe tees ie 21, 22
Rhynchostegium Se tg Tee pee 23
deplanatum),, 42.7.) 47

4 GUSGWORINES.. 54... - 26
Rhytidiadelphus: 4. cj.428..0.- 22-22
. calvescens. 3.200.747

Ve lOTEUSH: cet. tua 40

a SQUATLOSHS: ..24.). 40
Eriquetrise.\sn..... 45
RiccarcialatiinOnseer teases 27. 30
os eOREN Gert eT CEs aE A Gers MAIR AI

i‘ Dailiiavalien:..sohes ono ae. 47

= PINGUIS: ave geiko ene O7 At

‘i SUMAN aps cree Ment een 4I
Ricciacedes a4. ca. 4s eet Woke ee 68
RICCIATATVENSIS joy tt sas ce. oe 1 Re ey
for at CHV. GCAlLM awe coun balsas «Ss, eee 68

Ray CACEYOSDOLA EAL otc fs, Sash sees 1

dit LLUMATIS UR Meee bye totes 27.05

. 28 War. canaliculataran 6S
Rieciella Muitans: weer. cep tee ce 27
Ricciocarpus MANS eee eres 27, 68
“Var, terrestris 2. 227,
RAMOCiiaGiriN@1deSs. s1osjsys.00 «<a IL
: CUPY OSOLA Wan’. sds thee vetets II

Y SUECECIENIStEY helactine: 96
Saccogyna viticulosa. . 205) 27
SAC amiane V7 ae Pie sie is un anton 22
Scapania APICUlat ates sce tue Picks 47
Molander ie weit: tia chee coe 47

- GUL Lat sn MA an eta te tenes 27,

, CEC AUA ecm crests Watebane 42

: glaucocephalan......iup.05 227

Hs Sraciie: $s puna cee. 203 26430

an igi teas Feta ear eee eae BTA

s nemorosa.. . LJ2A 27, 39

oy Vai. Uliginosa,.* 1:26

x paludicola.....2’-y4 30,42, 6.
Qakesiirs cee te 42 ot

e Subalipimaiys ass: 26,30), 42

4 UM DROSAME ure ee 30, 42

x undulata 27-439
SCyCebueceaec aera ee. eee eee 9
Selaeenia, snes tale eps as 75
Sematophyllum delicatulum....... 40
DOW one seat oe 95

ee PECMinvallsre sate tes 46

2 TASCAM Ser eet sean chee 95

ss tenuirostris: - 3.7. ); 46
SphaeranPwiiae «1 ke es sks las ote bes 75
SOMASNACEAC ely einen. Le eeehere lie 78
SPM aPiui. aca eee es 2120), -2TRI22
a ACUEIEO IMP TING 1. vv we ee at 42

p capillaceum.. 42

H bake Mello tenellum. . 43

i cuspidatum. . a 43

se Ruy 625 ae Torreyi. . 43

.: DmSebineee we Percee oe: 27,

= EUS UGG Me oa, opine. ohn 43

H Girgemsohimis yeast oe 43

¥ iMMITICAL UIA ek: 20,047

——

Sphagnum magellanicum.......... 43° Tetraplodon bryoides... 7.2 .sa9e"
cg THO Temes: eres. ae heme 47 Thamnium allegheniense
ba molluseumt, 7. 2./) 2. eee 23° Theliass...2¢ .05 4
a paliastite tse o5 eeu gene 40 Theloschistes...2°.. | 94l-ayee
3 Papillosuriae | rot eeenwae 43. Thuiditime!. 2... 2 02 ee
n platy phiyilumi.. «Ac se 97 “ abietinum:. 2.) ava
- plumulosum var. flavi- zi Blandowiis:;. 3.2).
i COMANS se... ase 43 3 delicatulum: ; «.- scanner
i pulehrunis e's... eee 43 ce microphyltiwar:/ 2). 2e.e
7 By laesii jae aoe cee ee 39 mh paludosumit;24.3 ane
y quinquefarium......... As 9 nf Philiberti;: Ge. ane
ie TECUT Vint! heen ee era 43 7 recognitumie see
i FODUSEU IIE. UN an aes tae 43 3 Virginiantiin, |) iy ee
. fubellwmy”:. Wier eer ees 27. , Timmia....5)0 2 ae
i rufescens....... EDO ee 43 “ @ustriacay4 4) ee
- S@UALLOSUIN fone cua 43. Tortella..... 36. So
i SUDSECUNGUIM sone 43 i”. 2 LOPE OSA. . ee earns
¥. tabwtlare sty. 0 ces ee oe 47... Tortulaceae-x. .24y 2 3,78
5 tenellum rubellum...... 43 Tortula Abronchtesi., 4.2222 95 |
a EONELUTIG: joe) Repkenen Soe 43 canescens... 1.7: 4 ‘
Me CEEES i, 2 Gao Ae cee 43 ic latifolia. j2j.085 eee Sy ae?
Sphenolobus exsectaeformis....... 29 "4 mucronifolia. 7. ace. o eee 4,47
EXSeCtlS feat 275 Ae “* o mutalis. 24.28 4
* Hellerianus...... 205,42 “ chruralis... 23 oe 4
ig Mitehauxai. 5.35054: 27, Ae ‘* « Solisii 2a 5G)s eee 79
by TELUS tener 29, 39 ‘ subulata. (A36¢3.2) ae eee
* POlitius 77; ena. 27230 os ‘* var. subinermgsc.) | 4
5 Saxicolusi: 7 OAs). 6 27; 30 ‘Trematodon.....2 2292 u ae 22
7 scitulust 0h. oe 27228 4 ambiguus./2.7ee gees 39
Splachnum ampullaceum......... 39 ~=Trichocolea tomentella........ 27, 42
Stereodon emote PONS aS a 22, 23 ~ Trichodon tenuifolius.. {year 4 hee
callichirous 4:5 21k Yo e26, wa ey cylindricus. 4). sane 39
a canadensis. .: 5 eines A7 © Trichosteleumn Downie wie 95
‘3 CaNariensiss, a... ules 40 Trichostomum cylindricumi:, Jee eee
- clpressiforniiss!) 2. 4ee 46 sarawakense....... 94
i CULVITONUS Vacate aoe ee 40 ‘Triquetrella arapilensis........... 78
iG fastigiatus.: 3. a. Mee! 47°. Ulota.... 30 2a eee 22
ic IMIPOMEMSs 5.0.15 sae ee 40 ‘* americana...) faa 44
¥ James Bay as tee ee 47 “Ss CMISP@. Ol. gus cle 39
if hliputivanus. Wii eee 10 “*erispula.. ose. 6.) seen 47
4 Linidiberg tly, coe eee 46 ‘t_. Drummondii; 4/432 eee 39
ny molluscoides: ce. 40 intermedia... - 2. seen nena 39
A pallescene! 25). ea Mem. 46 “ Ludwigii-... as aes 39
s Prabensis vf... hee 46 “maritima. «352 abe eee 39
zi PEPULIES ae nme ah oe i ea 46 “ phyllantha.-. / 523 eee 39, 90
Swartzia montana. seit ag RS NEO) *Soatlo pi Vlei 2 lee ale) eee 39
Syrrhbopodone. ee a. | ey ae eee 95... Usnea cératina:...: 2.) eee 81
i. Binsteadite yt) aon 94 Vesicularia.caloblasta. )..oa.ener 80
w Ledruanusi sis. Nee Webera... ruin). 22
Haar: involutus, 294 * " albicans>. (4... 6 eee 47
% patulifolims.< 9 °.4.60% 94 ‘** annotina..... 22 eneee 47
z trachyphyllus albi- “" “carneum).. 2 Pelee ae 47
5 0[6)) 61S Win AnN 94 * eruda... <2. 352 aa 39
Taxithelium Binsteadii........... 80 ; Lescuriana;) a eee 47
? isopterygioides....... 80 ‘ . pseudo-carneum:. J 020). 2s 47
is subintegrum...... aha 95 ‘* « sphagnicola,.......32ee See A7
Tayloria tenis. in8 eka os 39 tt sessile. «sie 2 Cele amen 40, 69
Temnema setiforme.< i... 0. sce.) 27. Weisia.....0ec.\).5608 9 Sh oe 9
Tetraplodon angustatus: 222. Jo... 44 “‘-. wiridula. 20's: sae 43

australis. %. oh "sa see 39° Zygodon...i 445 2 75

Ras is

INDEX TO TITLES

Bornean Mosses (A Review). John

M. Holzinger.. 94-95
Clarke, Cora H. [Obituary Notice]
Siew Read. ........... 73-74
Colorado, Mosses of, from Tolland
ane Vicimity. A. Jj. Grout..... 1-8
Conocephalus, Odor of. O. E. Jen-
NCSU el are 86

Demetrio’s Missouri Mosses. Ben-
jamin F. Bush.. ean. E77
Drepanolejeunea, A Genus New to
North American Hepaticae.
Caroline C. Haynes... i 83-86
Dunham. How to Know the Mosses.
Review by John M. Holzinger 74-75
Election, S. M.S. [Notice of].... 97
Election of Officers for the Year
1916, Report of.. oy oh
Exchange Department.. 17, an 82, 97
Fissidens, Notes on,—I. Difficul-
ties in Determining the Oldest
Species. Elizabeth G. Britton 87-89
Fossombronta crispula in the Dune
Region of Indiana. E. J. Hill 67-68
Funaria, Noteson. E. J. Hill.. 35-37
Fungus Spores in a Moss-Capsule.
Elizabeth M. Dunham...... 89-90
Hagen’s Norwegian Dicranaceae,
A Review of. John M. Holzinger 9
Hasse Lichen Herbarium, Dupli-
cates from. Charles C. Plitt 48-49

Hasse Lichens, The. Edward B.
OMaMMeMaAI espe ee ee 96

Hasse, Dr. Hermann Edward.
(Obituary Notice] Charles C.
LUN eco, Cet i a 30-33

Hepatic, A Hue and a Cry for a
Lost and Undescribed. Caroline

(oc | IGEN CS Sie ae ee 96
Japanese Mosses, Two Reviews of.
John M. Holzinger.. ep tte)

Lunularia cruciata (ies)! Dum., “in
the Open. George L. Moxley. 70
Meeting of the Sullivant Moss
SOCAN 5 Se 81, 96
Membership List, Sullivant Moss
Society. E.B. Chamberlain 15-17
Mnium antiquorum Cardot and

Dixon, an Extinct Moss. H.
INPMIDIKOU a8 ce ek be 51-52
“Moss Exchange Club,” ee

from Recent Reports of the. O.

EMMIS. a es 90-94
Mosses, How to Know the, without

the Aid of a Lens. [Analytical

Elizabeth M. Dun-
18-23
Mt. Monadnock Region, N. H.,
Lichens of the—No. 7. Thomas
Wiurtee se oan ee Mens ces 65-66
Nardia crenultformis (Aust.) Lindb.,

Notes on. Annie Lorenz... 24-25
New Mexican Hepaticae, Addi-

tional Notes upon. Paul C.

Standleya ets eee auc, heat 64-65
Nomenclature, A Correction in.

Pe Ma CCT cast ieee Sine ctw aie be 70

Notes, Shorter.
78-81, 95
Nova Scotia, The Bryophytes of,
with Special Reference to Cape
Breton. George E. Nichols 38-47
Pech Catalogue—Missouri, The
Mosses of. Benjamin F. Bush 52-60
Philadelphia, Mosses Rare in.
George Be Kaiserarnga. ss eh Reda 69
Quebec, Additions to the Hepatic
Flora of. Alexander W. Evans 27-30
Quebec, Canada, Mosses, Hepat-
ics, and Lichens of the Quartzite
Hills of the Kamouraska Forma-

33-34, 49-50, C6;

tion.» Pr. Mee Victorias: 60-64
Range, Two Extension of. A.

WeRoviniindnrewsu espns. 37-38
Renauld and Cardot. Movses of

Madagascar. Notice by J. Car-
GO Ga een ee ee ok ae ee 75
Roell. Theuringer Torf-uni Laub-
moose. Review by John M.
TIOLZING ETA eh eA eer 76-78
Reports, Annua. S.M.%S., 1915:
President’s Report. Alexander
NVGieV arisen kee ho ery et II

Secretary-Treasurer’s Report.
Edward B. Chamberlain.. 11-12

Report of Curator of Hepatic
Herbarium. George H. Conk-

]RTaE Ss ste eet toteear oro neh er ts 13-14
Report of Curator of Lichen Her-
barium ;Charles.CPhitt...... 14
Report of Curator of Moss Her-
barium. George B. Kaiser... 13
Rectification, Une: 1. Thériot.. ..-10

Sullivant Moss Society Notes. E.
Be Chamberlain. .2...).25 222100; 62
Wales, North, Some Bryologi al
Photographs fom. P. G. M.

MNO GESHR mp Tie loyal Wee 4 ees 26-27
Wheeler, Miss Jane. [Obituary
Notice] H(arriet) W(heeler)... 3

INDEX TO AUTHORS

Andrews, A. LeRoy........... 37-38
Bitton, Blizabeth G........... 87-89
Bush, Benjamin F...... 52-60, 71-73
“ 2HECICIE SG Se eee ee 75
Chamberlain, E. B. 11-12, 15-17,

33-34, 49, 66, 78-81, 82, 96.

Conkling George: fn. a.) ok. « 13-14
Dixon, H. N.. 2. J51—52
Dunham, Elizabeth M.. 18- 23, 89-90
Durfee, Thomas H............ 65-66
Evans, Alexander W....... I1, 27-30
Groutren | Ce ee eee ears TR

SS es

Plaveny bei o 100i nak ee SN a 70. . Moxley, George Lee
Haynes, Caroline C.. . 83-86, 96 Nichols, George E.../......... 38-47
Hill, E. J.. 35-37, 67-68 =Plitt, Charles C... 14, 30-33, 48-49
Holzinger, “John M. vs! 48; 74-75, Read, Annie bi. 22 eee 737A
76-78, 94-95 “Rhodes, P..G. Me i ae eee
Jennings, O. E. 49, 50, 80-81, 86, Standley, Paul Ci Ae ees 64-65
90-94. Theriot; [0 uh eee: 10
Kaiser, George Bes or anae 13, 69 Victorin, Fre: Meco ae eee 60-64
orenz,; Annie’). yee pee 24-25 Wheeler, Hartiet.-3. 2 eae
ERRATA
Page 4, line 23, for cylidricum read cylindricum; line 34, for Lye read

Lyellii.

Page I1, line 12, for Rinodinia read Rinodina.
Page I1, line 15, for petrolepidum read petrolepidium.

Page 22, line 16, add Polytrichum.

Page 23, line 3, add or closely pinnate.

Page 27, line 30, for saxicola read saxtcolus.

Page 30, line 13, for saxicola read saxtcolus.

Page 39, line 18 for Sphnagnum read Sphagnum.
Page 96, line 23, for Opeographa read Opegrapha.

A

VOLUME XIX NUMBER 3

Sens ayaa
S| JaNuaRY 1916 |<<

THE BRYOLUG

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors

ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M. S.

ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D. *

and the
Advisory Board Officers of the Soctety

©0-N i -EN: is

Mosses of Colorado, from Toiland and Vicinity ge a
A Review of Dr. Hagen’s Norwegian Dicranacez, Distributed
October 13, 1915. John M. Holzinger 9
Une Rectification I. 1hériot ro
Annual Reports—Sullivant Moss Society, 1915
Report of the President Alexander W. Evans rr
Report of the Secretary-Treasurer /dward B. Chamberlain 71
Report of Election of Officers O. E Jennings 13

Report of the Curator of the Moss Hebarium
George B. Kaiser 13

Report of the Curator of the Hepatic Department
Geo. Hf. Conklin 13

Report of the Lichen Department Charles C. Plitt 14
Membership List, Sullivant Moss Society 15
Shorter Notes Edward B. Chamberlain 17

Exchange Department Lz.

** Entered as second-class matter August 2!st, 1913. at the Post Cffice at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879.”
Copyright, 1916, by Edward B. Camberlain

THE NOVEMBER NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST WAS PUBLISHED NOVEMBER 20, 1915.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35., Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Single copies, 25cents. Vols. I- XVIII, 1898-1915, $17.75.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

Checks, except New York City, MUST contain 10 cents extra for collection
fee. Manuscripts should be sent to Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Forms close on the first of the month prior to that
of publication. Subscriptions and advertisements should be sent to Dr. O. E
Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B
Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.

ADVISORY BOARD
OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOcIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden,
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith, . ..78 Orange Street,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,..18 W. 89th Street,
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C. Plitt, Lichens, 3933
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.; Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,
Foreign Exchanges, 18 W. 89th St., New York City.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

Rie BRYOLOGIST

VoL. XIX JANUARY, 1916 No. 1

MOSSES OF COLORADO FROM TOLLAND AND VICINITY
A. J. GRouT

For years I have had a desire to collect and study the mosses of the Rocky
Mountains. The summer of 1914 gave me my opportunity at the laboratory
of the Summer School of Biology of the University of Colorado at Tolland.
Tolland is nearly fifty miles from Denver by the Moffat road and only about
twelve or fifteen from the continental divide as the crow flies. The village of
Tolland is largely a summer resort and there are numerous cottages to rent to
summer dwellers. Just north of the village runs South Boulder Creek. The
valley of the creek here expands into a meadow a mile or more in length and a
little less than half a mile in width. This is known as ‘The Park.’’ In the
Park are at least two small lakes and several beaver dams. The creek is kept at
high water, comparatively speaking, by the melting snows of the neighboring
mountains, the snow-clad summits of which are in full view from the town.

The village is at an altitude of about 9000 feet and the surrounding moun-
tains were originally covered with a forest of lodge-pole pine, Englemann spruce
and other conifers, but miners and fires have destroyed most of the trees. Moist
ravines and cool, moist, north-facing slopes occur, but are not dominant. The
only locality visited that would compare to the cool, moist, heavily-wooded
localities of the mountains of New England and New York, localities which are
most favorable for moss growth, was a deep wooded swamp in the region above
Eldora Lakes.

The region about Tolland has a good deal of rainy and foggy weather in sum-
mer. We stayed through the month of July and for the last two weeks there
was scarcely a day without rain. The region is one gorgeous alpine flower gar-
den. But even here conservation needs to have a say, for great bunches of the
beautiful blue and white columbine, the state flower, are brought to the trains
for sale and the plants are rapidly being depleted if not altogether destroyed.

I have received much assistance from Miss H. A. Leonard, a student at the
summer school, who has collected in localities I could not reach and at other
seasons of the year. Dr. Ramaley, the Director of the school, placed the labor-
atory and its equipment at my service. Dr. Andrews, Mr. R. S. Williams,
Prof. Holzinger, and Dr. Best kindly assisted me in making determinations. To
each of these persons I acknowledge my indebtedness and hereby express my

appreciation.

The November number of THE BRYOLOGIST was published November 20, 1915.

—_— 2 =

Practically no mosses here listed are from the western slope of the Rockies.
A few from Corona and possibly some from Arapahoe and James peaks were a
few rods over the crest.

I found the mosses more Eastern than Pacific, as the list shows. There
were practically no mosses on the trunks of the trees. Polytricha were not
numerous either in species or individuals, with the exception of Polytrichum
piliferum, which was abundant up to 13,000 ft. To understand this and some
other facts it will help to remember that this region is at about the latitude of
Baltimore.

There were no mosses on the stones in the beds of the mountain creeks,
with few exceptions. At first | thought this was due to the temperature, but
at Corona Lake at an altitude of at least 11,000 ft. and with melting snow dis-
charging directly into the lake, I found the stones as well covered as in New
England. In one place at Tolland I found a sluggish cross creek well stocked
with mosses, including Fontinalis antipyretica, the only species of the genus and
the only locality discovered. I believe that the swiftness of the streams, filled
all summer, with no low water in warm weather, accounts for the lack of
mosses in the beds of the streams. Not a single species of Fissidens was found.
Hypnum revolutum is the dominant species in the forests, replacing our eastern
forms, such as crista-castrensis, imponens, etc. This moss is polymorphous and
apparently abundant all through the high mountains of Colorado, as it has been
sent me in a great variety of forms from other localities, particularly Pike’s
Peak. Drepanocladus species are very abundant in the swamps.

I was particularly pleased to find Brachythecium Nelsoni Grout abundant
and well marked and almost supplanting B. rivulare. Sphagnum is found in
the region but it is very scarce. I collected none because I saw none.

POLYTRICHACEAE

Catharinea Selwyni (Aust.) E. G. B. Moist north-facing slope one mile
below Tolland. Alt. about 8,800 ft. Sterile.

Pogonatum alpinum brevifolium Brid. Summit of James Peak, 13,000 ft.
Collected by Miss Leonard. The short oblique unsymmetric capsule does not
at all suggest this species, neither does the habit or appearance of the plant.
But for Prof. Frye’s excellent monograph on our Western Polyitrichaceae I should
never have been able to place these specimens.

Polytrichum gracile Dicks. Not infrequent and fruiting freely.

P. juniperinum Willd. Soil near Tolland. Miss Leonard. <A stunted
form from the side of Arapahoe Peak may be var. alpinum.

P. piliferum Schreb. Common and extending up to 13,000 ft. on James
Peak.

DICRANACEAE

Ceratodon purpureus (L.) Brid. Common on bare and barren soil and

around rocks.
Dicranodontium longirostre (W. & M.) B. & S. Near trestle above Tolland.

St cae

Dicranoweisia cirrhata (L.) Lindb. Common on and around ledges.

Dicranum Bonjeani DeNot. Frequent in moist situations and often ap-
proaching D. scoparium.

D. rhabdocarpum Sulliv. (Det. R. S. Williams). Moist north-facing slope
one mile below Tolland. There were brood bodies along the upper surface of
the costa.

De brempoknum Lindb.° ( Probably’’—R. §S. Williams.) Corona, Alt.
11,500 ft. Sterile.

Dicranum scoparium (L.) Hedw. Soil at water's edge, foot of Arapahoe
Peak. Miss Leonard. This may be a form of D. Bonjeani as its habit and hab-
itat suggest, but the leaf apices were slender and very rough.

Oncophorus polycarpos (Hedw.) Brid. Crevices in rocks and ledges in
rather dry places about Tolland.

O. virens. (Sw.) Brid. On logs. Miss Leonard, No. 77. Very small,
scarcely one-half inch in height.

O. virens serratum (B. & S.) Limpr. Gravelly bank of brook near Tolland.

Swartzia montana (Lamk.) Lindb. On soil. Miss Leonard. No. 72.

GRIMMIACEAE

Grimmia apocarpa (L.) Hedw. On soil by road to Teller Lake.

Grimmia apocarpa var. rivularis (Brid.) W. & M. On ledge near trestle,
and by road to saw mill, Tolland. Frequent.

G. Californica Sulliv. Two collections near Tolland. Det. Holzinger.

G. calyptraia Hook. On rocks near Tolland.

G. commutata Hueben. Rocks, Corona. 11-12,000 ft. Miss Leonard.
Det. Holzinger. .

G. Doniana Smith. On rock and ledge along Jenny Creek and by road to.
Rollinsville, near Tolland.

G. montana B. & S. On ledges and stones. Two localities near Tolland,
and at Corona.

G. ovata W. & M. On ledges. Two localities near Tolland. Det. Holz-
inger.

G. trichophylla Grev. On soil, Corona, Alt. 11,500 ft.

Hedwigia albicans (Web.) Lindb. Ledge by roadside near Rollinsville.

TORTULACEAE

Barbula jallax Hedw. Corona, Alt. 11,500 ft. Det. Holzinger.

Desmatodon latifolius (Hedw.) B. & S. Edge of water at foot of Arapahoe
Peak. Miss Leonard.

D. latifolius muticus Brid. Outlet of Corona Lake, Alt. 11,000 ft. Gem-
mae present. This is the var. glaczalis of the L. & J. Manual. Det. Holzinger.
“The leaves in this plant are not spatulate nor ligulate as described for Tor-
tula latijolia . . . they are rather narrowed from a little below the apex, becoming
finally abruptly apiculate. It is clearly monoicous while T. latifolia is dioicous.

Feat 7A iia

and its male flowers have not been found. The peristome is that of Desmatodon
and not at all as in Tortula; its basilar tube short, of only three horizontally
lengthened cells.” ;

Didymodon rigidulus Hedw. On ledges near trestle above Tolland. Det.
Holzinger.

D. rubellus (Hoffm.) B. & S.. Near Corona Lake, Alt. 11,500 ft. Det.
Holzinger. Also by Miss Leonard but no data given.

Tortella tortuosa (L.) Limpr. James Peak. Miss Leonard.

Tortula canescens (Br.) Mont. Shores of Corona Lake. Alt. 11,000 ft.
Det. Holzinger. |

According to Dixon this species is much like T. muralis in all its vegetative
parts, but much smaller. The only certain distinction is the long tubular basal
membrane forming a tesselated tube almost half the length of the peristome.
New to N. America.

Tortula latifolia Bruch. Outlet of Corona Lake, Alt. 11,000 ft. Capsules
very short for the genus, either immature or old and without peristome. Gem-
mae present.

_ T. mucronifolia Schwaegr. On soil near Tolland. Overholt.

T. ruralis (L.) Ehrh. Common in rather dry places. Occurring at Corona
also.

T. subulata (L.) Hedw. Upper end of Boulder Park, Mr. C. J. Young.

T. subulata var. subinermis Schimp. Dry rocks near Tolland.

Trichostomum cylidricum (Bruch.) C. M. In crevices of rock near Tolland,
with Encalypta. _Determination doubtful. ;

ENCALYPTACEAE

Encalypta vulgaris var. obtusifolia Funck. Crevices of rock. Frequent,
but sparse. Leaves like those of E. streptocarpa, but smaller, as is the whole

plant.
: ORTHOTRICHACEAE

Amphidium lapponicum (Hedw.) Schimp. Near trestle above Tolland.
Miss Leonard. On rocks near Tolland.

Orthotrichum alpestre Hornsch. On rocks near Rollinsville. Det. Holzinger.

O. Hallii S. & L. Ledges by road to Rollinsville.

O. Lyelit Hook. & Taylor. On rocks near trestle above Tolland. Det.
Holzinger.

O. Schimperi Hamm. Ledges by road to Rollinsville.

O. Schlotthauert Vent. South peak of Arapahoe. Miss Leonard. Det. R.

S. Williams.
O. Shawii Wats. Ledges by road to Rollinsville and near trestle above

Tolland.
O. speciosum Nees. Two localities near Tolland. Prof. Holzinger has a

suspicion that this may be O. Kingianum but says the material is not in shape to
decide.

ee eee

a) aaa

O. speciosum polycarpum Lesq. & James. On north-facing rocks and ledges
near Tolland. Two localities. Capsule long-exserted, 8-plicate when old.
papillae of leaves 2-3 forked.

O. Watsoni James. Ledges by roadside between Rollinsville and Tolland.
Det. Holzinger.

FUNARIACEAE

_Funaria hygrometrica (L.) Sibth. Frequent.
TIMMIACEAE

Timmia austriaca Hedw. Moist north-facing cliffs a mile below Tolland.

AULACOMNIACEAE

Aulacomnium palustre Schwaegr. Frequent and abundant but grading into
and mixed with

A. palustre imbricatum B. & S. which has some of the upper leaves almost
identical at apex with A. turgidum. The variety is common in swamps near
Tolland and was collected at Eldora Lakes and elsewhere.

BARTRAMIACEAE

Bartramia ithyphylla (Haller) Brid. Moist crevices in cliffs around Tol-
land. Also at Corona. Infrequent and occurring in small quantities.

Philonotis Muhlenberg (Schwaegr.) Brid. Springy rivulet near Tolland,
also by roadside on the way to Apex, 10,000 ft. Teller Lake, Miss Leonard.

P. seriata Mitt. Outlet Corona Lake. Alt. 11,000 ft. Determination
doubtful.

BRYACEAE

(Bryum was mostly determined by Dr. A. LeRoy Andrews.)

Bryum argenteum L. Teller Lake. Det. Holzinger.

B. caespitictum L. Frequent.

B. capillare L. Near Corona Lake, 11,000 ft.

B. affine (Bruch) Lindb. Banks of Jenny Lind Creek.

B. Duvalii Voit. Swamp by creek just beyond Baltimore; also around
Corona Lake.

B. pendulum (Hornsch.) Schimp. Frequent. Above Corona Lake, at an
altitude of over 11,000 ft.

B. pseudo!riquetrum (Hedw.) Schwaegr. Common in the Tolland region.
Miss Leonard and I made 16 collections.

B. subpurpurascens Kindb. Moist shady crevices Tolland; Corona Lake.
Det. Holzinger.

Leptobryum pyriforme (L.) Wils. Frequent.

Mntiobrum albicans (Wahlenb.) Limpr. Swamp by Jenny Lind Creek.

Mnium affine rugicum B. & S. Swamp above Eldora Lakes. Determina-
tion doubtful. |

M.hornum L. Cleft in ledge near trestle above Tolland. Det. Holzinger.

M. marginatum (Dicks.) P. B. Moist slope in coniferous forest near Tol-
land.

M. orthorrhynchum B. & S. Ledges near Jenny Lind Creek. Two local-
ities near Tolland.

M. punctatum L. Swamp by Jenny Lind Creek.

M. punctatum elatum Schimp. Moist slope by Jenny Lind Creek.

M. rostratum Schrad. Moist N. facing slope below Tolland; outlet Corona
Lake. Det. Holzinger.

M. spinulosum B. & S. Soil and logs near saw mill above Tolland, 9,500
ft. Miss Leonard.

Pohlia commutata Schimp. Near Tolland, 10,000 ft. Also Arapahoe Peak.
Miss Leonard. Det. R. S. Williams.

P. cruda (L.) Lindb. Frequent.

P. nutans (Schreb.) Lindb. Frequent.

P. proligera (Lindb.) Correns. Rotten wood, bank of Jenny Lind Creek.

LESKEACEAE

Leskea nervosa (Schwaegr.) Myrin. Moist north-facing slope below Tole
and.

L. Williamsu filamentosa Best. Dry cliffs near Tolland. Det. Best.

Thuidium Blandowu (W. & M.) B. & S. Swamp above Eldora Lakes.
Also in ‘The Park’’ near Tolland. Only a few plants were found in either
locality.

T. paludosum (Sulliv.) Rau and Hervey. North-facing cliffs by Jenny
Creek one-half mile north of Tolland.

HYPNACEAE
(Brachythecieae)

Brachythecium acutum (Mitt.) Sulliv., var. Swamp near Teller Lake about
two miles west of Tolland. Alt. 9,500 ft. Capsules very small for the species.
(N. Am. Musct Pl. 447)

B. collinum (Schleich) B. & S. Frequent on wooded slopes around Tol-
land. (N. Am. Musci Pl. 448)

B. digastrum C. M. & Kindb. Outlet of Corona Lake, alt. 11,000 ft. A
peculiar subaquatic form but with the characteristic leaf structure of this spec-
ics; also at Lily Pond, 10,000 ft.

B. glareosum B. & S. On soil in a coniferous forest near Tolland. Differs
from B. salebrosum in being dioicous and in the large leaves with a longer, more
slender and twisted acumination. The leaves are also more plicate and rather
less serrate. In gross appearance this somewhat resembles Campiothecium lutes-
cens from which it differs in the more numerous and larger quadrate alar cells of
the more slenderly acuminate leaves. The Colorado specimens are darker than
is typical. They are the first American specimens that I have seen that I could
refer to this species. Those collected by Macoun and Brinkman are B. sale-
brosum, to my mind.

ew fee

B. Leibergit Grout. Banks of streams and in swampy places around Tol-
land. Frequent. ,

B. Nelsoni Grout. Common on humus, dead wood, and earth in wet places
around Tolland, largely taking the place of B. rivulare. (N. Am. Musct Pl,
450.)

B. oxycladon (Brid.) J. & S. Outlet of Corona Lake, 11,000 ft.

B. oxycladon dentatum (L. & J.) Grout. Around Corona Lake.

B. plumosum (Sw.) B. & S., forma. On soil in moist cool woods near Tolland
and in swamp above Eldora Lakes. (N. Am. Musct Pl. 449)

B. rivulare B. & S. Occasional in wet places about Tolland. A peculiar
variety growing in pool by a creek has been issued as N. Am. Musct Pl. 441.

Bryhnia novae-angliae (S. & L.) Grout. Swamp above Eldora Lakes, 9,500
ft.o+ A; lax form.

Camptothecium nitens (Schreb.) Schimp. Park Lake swamp.

Eurhynchium diverstfolium (Schleich) B. & S. Base of ‘“Tenderfoot.’’ Also
about a mile west of Tolland at 10,000 ft. and at Lily Lake.

E. fallax (R. & C.) Grout. Swamp above Eldora Lakes and moist slope a
mile below Tolland.

(Climaceae)

Climacium americanum Brid. Park Lake swamp. Approaches C. Kindbergit.
C. dendroides (L.) W. & M. Swamps about Tolland.

(Amblystegieae)

Amblystegium Juratzkanum Schimp. Under alders, Mammoth Gulch.
Miss Leonard. (No. 25). Approaches A. Kochit.

A. Kochu B. & S. Mammoth Gulch. Miss Leonard. (No. 28.)

A. serpens (L.) B. & S. .Common in moist places.

Drepanocladus aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst. Park Lake swamp; swamp above
Eldora Lakes.

D. aduncus pseudofluitans (Sanio). n. comb. Sluggish creek below Tol-
land. N. Am. Musct Pl. 4509.

D. capillifolius Warnst. Park Lake swamp. (N. Am. Musct Pl. 445.)

D. exannulatus (Guemb.) Warnst. Park Lake Swamp. (N. Am. Musct
Pl. 444.) !

D. fimtans (L.) Warnst. (Gr. typicus.) Around Corona Lake, 11,000 ft.

D. Knetfit (B. & S.) Warnst. Sluggish creek near Tolland.

D. Kneiffii intermedius (B. & S.) n. comb. Swamp near Tolland. (N.
Am. Musct Pl. 461.)

D. revolvens (Sw.) Warnst. Around Corona Lake, 11,000 ft.

D. Sendinert (Sch.) Warnst., var. Park Lake swamp. (N. Am. Musct.
Pl. 439.) A puzzling form that might possibly be referred to a form of D. Wil-
SOnt.

D. uncinatus (Hedw.) Warnst. Common and variable. Forms very near
var. plumosus (Sch.) were found.

— 8 —

(Hypneae)

Amblystegiella adnata (Hedw.) Nichols. By roadside between Tolland and
Rollinsville. :

Hygrohypnum dilatatum (Wils.) Loeske. On submerged stones, outlet
Corona Lake, 11,000 ft. (N. Am. Musca Pl. 446.)

H. molle (Dicks.) Broth. On stones in brook, outlet Corona Lake. From
the same locality as the preceging, of which it may be a large form. (N. Am.
Musci Pl. 442.)

H. ochraceum (Turn.) Loeske. Fecquent in creeks. Outlet Corona Lake,
11,000 ft.

H. palustre (Huds.) Loeske. On stones in creek near trestle just above
Tolland. :

Hypnum hamulosum B. & S. Around Corona Lake, 11,000 ft. The speci-
mens were sterile and difficult of determination. Dr. Best finds the plants
without paraphyllia and thinks they probably belong to this species. To this
species also was referred a more slender moss collected near the trestle above
Tolland. :

_ H. pallescens (Hedw.) B. & S. On soil. Lily Lake; by road to Teller Lake.

HT. patientiae Lindb., forma. Park Lake Swamp. With the appearance of
H. pratense. (N. Am. Musci Pl. 443.)

H. revolutum (Mitt.) Lindb. Common on earth and stones from 8,000-
11,000 ft. and exceedingly variable. A very small form scarcely secund is re-
ferred by Dr. Best to var. pygmaeum Mol. This species is the H. plicatile of
the L. & J. Manual.

Plagiothecium denticulatum (L.) B. & S. Moist soil. Lily Pond. Swamp
above Eldora Lakes, near Tolland. The capsules of the Tolland speciinenoa were
were strongly striate.

(Entodonteae)

Entodon orthocarpus (LaPyl.) Lindb. Summit of James Peak, 1,300 ft.
Miss Leonard.

NECKERACEAE

Neckera pennaia (L.) Hedw. Moist ledges near trestle above Tolland.

FONTINALACEAE

Fontinalis antipyretica L. Sluggish creek just below Tolland.

Practically all of the Tortulaceae, Grimmiaceae, and Orthotrichaeceae have
been examined by Prof. J. M. Holzinger, but too late to give credit for individual
species.

A few hepatics were collected. These have been reported on by Dr. Evans
in the BryoLocist for May, 1915. Since that report I have discovered Chiloscy-
phus pallescens (Ehrh.) Dum. among my mosses. All my hepatics are with Dr.
Evans.

Curtis HicH ScHoo., N. Y. City.

=)

A REVIEW OF DR. HAGEN’S NORWEGIAN DICRANACEAE, ‘‘DIS-
TRIBUTED OCTOBER 13, 1915”’

JoHun M. HOLZINGER

This is part XX of the author’s ‘‘Forarbejder til en Norsk Lévmosflora.”’
It is published as No. 1 of Det Kgl. Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter,
1914. It isa volume of 192 pages, including index. The taxonomic discussions
are in French; notes of ecology and geographic distribution in Norwegian; keys
and descriptions in Latin. There are also quotations from German and English
authors.

The interest to North American moss students lies in the fact’ that the
author has raised to generic rank a number of species, and groups of species,
that have been felt to be out of place in the positions assigned to them in the
accepted system. Following are the principal departures made by Dr. Hagen:

1. Cynodontium schisti Lindb. variously referred by authors to Wezsza,
Rhabdowetsia, Oncophorus, and Cynodontiella, is by the author made the mono-
typic genus Cnestrum. Name from the Greek word knestron (xvnoteoy), a
rasp or file.

2. Meizleria alpina Schimp., made Meétzlerella alpina Limpr., violates the
Rules of Nomenclature, and Dr. Hagen in consequence proposes Metszlerella
alpina (Schimp.).

3. Cynodontium strumiferum DeNot., for structural reasons, becomes Gong-
ronia strumifera (Ehrh., Hedw.), from the Greek word yoyyowvy, for goitre.

4. Dicranum falcatum Hedw., starker (W. & M.), glaciale Berggr. (= arc-
ticum Sch., with several other synonyms), become Kzaeria falcata (Hedw.),
starker (W. &M.), glacialis (Berggr.). The genus is dedicated to Franz Chris-
topher Kiaer, a deserving Scandinavian bryologist. It is also to be noted that
Kiaeria starket is credited with eight varieties, viz., I, var. obtusula n. var.; 2.
var. blytti (Br. Eur.); 3. var. laxiretis n. var.; 4. var. riparia (Lindb. fil.); 5. var.
alpestris n. var.; 6. var. fallax n. var.; 7. forma submamillosa n. f.; 8. var. glacialis
iZett.).

5. Dicranum montanum Hedw., with its varr. pulvinatum Pfeff., and flaccidum
(Ryan & Hag.), and Dicranum flagellare Hedw., are raised to the new genus
Scytalina, from the Greek word oxutaAy for cylinder.

These dispositions of mostly well known American species of Dicranaceae
under the new genera of Cnestrum, Gongronia, Kiaeria, and Scytalina, each with
its own well-coined character, commend themselves to systematic students; for,
to the writer at least, their dispositions under the former genera has usually been
accompanied by a certain mental violence and strain. And Dr. Hagen’s course
has made it possible for him to improve the keys under the genera. The key
to the largest genus, Dicranum, is especially well crystallized and clear.

Winona, Minn., Nov. 14, 1915.

UNE RECTIFICATION
I. THERIOT

Appelé 4 déterminer quelques mousses du Chili recoltées par le rév. P.
Nathaniel Costes, de Santiago, j’ai demandé au Muséum de Paris communica-
tion du type de Hypnum liliputianum Montagne, espéce chilienne d’aprés les
auteurs contemporaines.

Grande a été ma surprise, en constatant que l’échantillon de l’herbier
Montagne porte comme pays d’origine le nom de Cuba et comme collecteur
celui de Ramon de la Sagra. Le nom de Cuba se retrouve également de la main
méme de l’auteur, sur les dessins originaux qui ont servi de modéle pour la
planche ot est figurée l’espéce.

La contradiction était flagrante avec les indications qui sont dounees dans
les principaux recueils bryologiques. On lit en effet:
1° in Engler et Prantl, die Natiirlichen Pflanzenfam. (Musci) p. 1110:—
“Rhaphidostegium liliputanum (Mont.) Jaeg., in Chile.”

2° in Paris, Index bryolog., éd. II.:—‘Rh. lilliputianum (Mont.) Jaeg.;
Hypnum lilliputianum Mont. in Cl. Gay, Hist. Chile, Crypt. t. 20, f. 3. (1850).”’

3° in Jaeger, Adumbratio, p. 402:—‘‘Rh. liliputianum (Mont. in Gay, Hist.
Chile; Crypt.(t. SOX. f. 3. by pnum,): %

4° in Mitten, Musci Austr.-Americ. p. 488:—(Méme texte que dans l’Adum-
bratio).

J'ai appelé l’attention dle mon savant ami J. Cardot—que la guerre a chassé
de chez lui et que le Muséum a recueilli—sur cette contradiction. Des recher-
ches qu’il a faites, il résulte que le Rhapidostegium en question a bien pour patrie
l’ile de Cuba et non le Chili.

L’espéce a été décrite pour la premiére fois in Ramon de la Sagra, H1st.
Cuba, Criptog. t. XX. f. 3. p. 314 de l’édition originale, et p. 528 de 1’édition
frangaise (1838-42). La description est reproduite dans le Sylloge, p. 10, avec
des reseignements bibliographiques exacts.

La confusion parait avoir pour origine l’erreur commise par Mitten, dans

ses Musci Austro-Americani; ce lapsus a été reproduit depuis trés fidélement
par les auteurs. Et c’est ainsi que se transmettent et se perpétuent les erreurs,
jusqu’a ce que le hasard permette de les découvrir et de les redresser.
L’occasion est bonne de préciser l’orthographe du nom de cette espéce; je
ne puis pas dire, 4 ce propos, que les auteurs se copient, car chacun adopte une
orthographe différente. On voit ce nom écrit, tantdt liliputanum, tantdt lilli-
putianum ou bien liliputianum. Cette derniér forme est seule correcte: Mon-
tagne a en effet nommé ainsi son espéce Hypnum (Stereodon) liliputianum.

HAVRE, I2 NOVEMBRE, IQI5.

ANNUAL REPORTS—SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY—1915

Report of the President

During the past year the work of the Sullivant Moss Society has been ably
continued by its members and has been productive of valuable results. The
current volume of the BRYOLOGIST, in which some of these results are recorded,
contains 96 pages, exclusive of the index, and is illustrated by two plates and
twelve text figures. It includes twenty-three original articles, a report of the
Philadelphia meeting, an obituary notice, and a series of short notes. Six of
the articles deal with the mosses, eleven (wholly or in great part) with the he-
patics, and six with the lichens. The articles on the mosses were written by six
different contributors, those on the hepatics by six, and those on the lichens by
four. The following species are described as new: Rinodinia dirinoides A.
Zahlbr., R. euryspora A. Zahlbr., Cetraria pallidula Tuckerman, Jamesontella
heterostipa Evans, and Cololejeunea tuberculata Evans. The following new com-
binations also are proposed: Endocarpon petrolepidum (Nyl.) Hasse, Dermato-
carpon lecideoides (Mass.) Hasse, and Buellia parmeliarum (Sommerf.) Hasse.
One matter which deserves a word of criticism is the inclusion of manuscript
species in printed papers. Three such species appear in the present volume:
namely, Cephalozia floridae (p. 23), Cephaloziella Rappiana (p. 23), and Cepha-
loziella Brinkmani (p. 37). The printing of these names is in no sense publica-
tion of the species, it is hardly fair to the authors of the names (who are very
likely to change their minds with respect to the plants in question), and it may
be the cause of considerable confusion. It is suggested that contributors avoid
the use of such names in the future. The President takes pleasure in renewing
his congratulations to the Society.
ALEXANDER W. Evans, President.
NEw HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

Report of the Secretary-Treasurer

During the past year four new members, Miss Roberta Deam, Mr. N.
Iwasaki, Mr. Alfred C. Kinsey, and Mrs. Leo D. Miner, have been added to
our lists, and two others have changed from subscribers to members. In this
issue a complete list of members is published in the hope of facilitating corres-
pondence and exchange. Prompt notice should be sent to the Secretary of any
errors or omissions. A few of the European members have not been heard from
since the opening of the war, and it has seemed wisest to omit their names from
the active list, without ceasing to use all efforts to get in touch with
them. Through death, withdrawal, and the cause mentioned above, there has
been a loss of ten members, the total now standing at 131.

Thirteen species of lichens, five of hepatics, and eleven of mosses have been
offered through the columns of THE Bryovoaist for free distribution. It is a
matter of great regret to the Secretary that more members do not take advan-

=) 5 (A

tage of the opportunity afforded by this service. The same statement may be
made also regarding the contribution of material for short notes to the maga-
zine. Members should remember that the columns are always open and that
short notes add greatly to the interest. More interesting material means more
members and more money for publication.

During the holiday season of 1916-17 there will be a meeting of the Society
in connection with the convocation week of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science at New York City. Members should bear this in
mind, and endeavor to contribute material for exhibition, short papers, and when
possible the inspiration of their presence. Further notices will be issued from
time to time.

The Secretary also wishes to call attention to the fact that less than a dozen
complete files of THE BryoLoGistT remain unsold. The magazine already
commands a premium at second-hand dealers, and it is important for those who
wish to secure complete files to apply soon. Preference will be given to mem-
bers if they apply promptly.

The financial statement below shows a decrease in the available balance.
Part of this is due to the fact that payments for seven issues of the BRYOLOGIST
are included, but part is also due to the failure of some members to send in their
dues promptly. Attention in this connection is called to the ruling of the Post-
office Department which compels publishers to discontinue sending copies of
the magazine unless a remittance or acknowledgment is received soon after the
notices are sent out. ‘The easiest way to avoid this and the attendant loss of
issues is obvious.

SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTS

RECEIPTS

Balance on hand Dec. 'I; 1914 23.505 on 00 Me slow Sate id Deed cu ee oie epee aes $40.92
Dues for current’ year isc. 6s a Sesh se Oe sae ala ls wey sib che peal eo heye cher doles Eee een 181.98.
Subscriptions for current: year... [200 e626 oa eo a bet we cine ein Seno Oe eee 65.71
Arrears collected, dues and subscriptions.......... 0.0... ccc cect ce terete eee cece ecees 16.15
Sales of back numbers, files, advertising, etc.............. NE AEM ee EA SG ing B5ngT

$340.53.

EXPENDITURES

Bamk. fees: ei svavehere 25 tere ceed eee gad RRL ae ates ON Ts alesgns ay cee ale peo Ca oo $2.02
Printing“andsstationery, oo 8. ksesca a as oe eae a hoes ae hie i eae I1I.20
| EOC] Hal 21 cra nn ES AR ae oe ie NEE Men UE AL Ce rie Meee ARIS uh cicheio c’a oo 95 1.71
Herbaritum: €xpenses io eee oh die 2 shen ceeded 0 ots sac gb ka sue lor olis ate c oh oe So SSL eS ES eae eee 8.87
Express on shipments of the: BRYOLOGIST.....6.....0.000 fs cv ss ee soe cles) ) sleletne Ghaheuenee -49:
Pittsburgh Photo-Pngraving, Co., platessa. jase. wo os ccicce were ee ieee eee nee eee 4.75
Intelligencer Printing Co., 7 issues of the BRYOLOGIST and Index....................-. 310.36

$339.40
Cash on hand“atclose; Nov.:gOndOlS. seed le cite dele Cueto neeiree PORE Al chc.'s 1.13.

$340.53

Respectfully submitted,

EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN, Secretary-Treasurer.

se

Report of Election of Officers for the Year 1916

What number of votes cast, 26.
For President, Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, 26 votes.
For Vice-President, Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith, 24 votes.
For Secretary-Treasurer, Mr. E. B. Chamberlain, 24 votes.
No votes were cast other than as reported above, the candidates thus being
elected to the offices designated.
O. E. JENNINGS, Judge of Elections, S. M. S.

Report of the Curator of the Moss Herbarium for 1915

During the past year 52 specimens have been mounted in the Moss Her-
barium of the Sullivant Moss Society, adding 13 species and varieties new to
the herbarium, which now contains 3855 specimens, representing 1173 species
and varieties belonging to 253 genera. The contributors have been: Mary F.
Miller, S. H. Burnham, F. L. Pickett, S. Rapp, T. C. Frye, E. C. Wurzlow,
Mrs. E. G. Britton, D. L. Dutton, W. Gray, E. B. Chamberlain, and Roberta
Deam.

The meagerness of this showing is due to the utter cessation of all foreign
correspondence since the duration of the European war and to the inactivity on
the part of our home members. The Curator thanks all members who have
contributed specimens, but again—as last year—earnestly solicits renewed
activity among moss students. It is only by zealous collecting, correspondence,
and exchange among bryologists from widely different localities that the her-
barium can be made to satisfactorily grow, and the Curator remains ever ready
to help along the good work by determinations, letters, and generous exchanges.

GEORGE B. KAISER, Curator.

GERMANTOWN, PA., DEc. I, I9I5.

Report of the Curator of the Hepatic Department for 1915

Three hundred and thirty-five specimens have been placed this year in the
Hepatic Herbarium.

Of this number, 114 were from the A. H. Brinkman collections in British Colum-
bia and Alberta. A report of this interesting and valuable collection and a list
of species will be submitted during the year.

Fifty-four specimens, only a part of a valuable collection by Prof. E. Ishiba
from Japan, and determined by Dr. A. W. Evans, have been included this year.

In addition to the specimens contributed by Mr. Severin Rapp, Dr. Farlow, and
Dr. Evans in response to my appeal last year (see BRYOLOGIST Vol. 18, nos. I-
2), Miss Annie Lorenz has given the following:

Riccia dictyospora, Gymnomiirium corallioides, Anthoceros crispulus, Chiloscy-
phus fragilis, and Anthoceros Macouni.

Dr. A. W. Evans gave Plagiochila Smallu and Cheilolejeunea decidua. In A.
H. Brinkman’s collection we found Marsupella sparsifolia and the writer con-
tributed Fossombronia cristula. ‘The list therefore of N. A. species which were
wanted, has been reduced from 110 to 77. May we not hope for a still larger
response from the members who are interested in Hepatic during the coming
year?

Other contributors to the herbarium were Roy Latham, H. Duos Mrs
M. W. Satchwell, A. J. Dradisman, Mr. Palmer, John L. Sheldon, C. A. Mosier,
E. C. Wurzlow, and R. S. Williams.

Stewart Burnham gave 2I specimens from N. Y.; A. Lorenz, 21 from New
England; A. S. Foster, 19 from Washington State; O. E. Jennings, 24 from On-
tario; and the writer, additions from the Duluth-Superior District.

This shows to some extent the range of distribution of the specimens sub-
mitted. The total number of specimens in the herbarium now numbers 4,334.

Gro. H. CONKLIN, Curator.
SUPERIOR, WIs., DEc., I915.

Report of the Lichen Department for 1915

Thanks to the faithfulness with which Dr. Hasse kept his records, your
present Curator had very little trouble making out his report.

During the past year 256 specimens have been added to the Lichoa Her-
barium of the Sullivant Moss Society. The number of specimens now mounted
is 3073, representing 855 species and varieties belonging to 119 genera.

Our list of contributors is headed by Mr. S. Rapp, that indefatigable worker
and collector, who sent more than 100 specimens. Other contributors were:
Prof. O. E. Jennings, who sent a fine collection from Ontario, collected by him-
self and Grace K. Jennings; Mr. J. M. Grant, who sent specimens collected in
the Olympic Mts., Washington; Mr. N. L. T. Nelson, who sent specimens from
Florida; Dr. H. E. Hasse; Dr. R. H. Howe, Jr.; and Mr. Roy Latham. The
European war is possibly responsible for our not having any contributors from
that part of the world, this year.

Dr. Hasse, in one of his reports of this department, remarks “that in col-
lecting (material for the lichen department) only complete, well developed,
representative, and when possible, fruiting specimens, should be selected,” and
he might have added, that wherever material is tu be sent for determination,
by all means send ample material.

It is to be hoped that the interest and the enthusiasm shown in the study
of Lichens in previous years will continue unabated.

CHARLES C. PLiTT, Curator.
BALTIMORE, MbD., Dec. 7, 1915.

MEMBERSHIP LIST, SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Please send the Secretary prompt notice of error or of change of address, that this list may
be kept up to date. An asterisk (*) indicates Charter Members.

Beem NOMECS 25. eee bee tee Villa Sancta Scholastica, Duluth, Minn.
ite Oakes Ames. .........- Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass.
Mie eetmoyeAndrews......2 00.05... 02 cee 324 College Ave., Ithaca, N. Y.
Mec les tt WOOd:. 8 ce ec te lee eee ee bees Moravia, N. Y.
MWrevvme Prederick Badé.................. 2223 Atherton St., Berkeley, Cal.
We. yohn W. Bailey............. 4541 Fourteenth Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash.
CW, SSO ING SSE sae cea ae ge Rosemont, N. J.
ie omlwatiobrchett. Borden... 0.0 oo. eae cee ee ee Manoa, Penna.
Re IMCMMIA el ce ee ee ee ew ae Craigmyle, Alberta, Canada.
Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton*. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, N. Y. City
Weve k,; Brotherus. ow... 6c. 20-22 Nylandergarten, Helsingfors, Finland
Micon izabeth. B. Bryant... .0.6........2.6. 42 Gardner St., Allston, Mass.
Miesstewarterl. Burnham............0....: RD 42,> Hudson Falls Nay;
Monsieur Jules Cardot........ 164 rue Jeanne d’Arc, prolongée, Paris, France
Mer@ammerie, MiGGeUM 6 ee ee ee Pittsburgh, Penna.
ss, Ress 9 (OW aril a Aer 20, Central. Set., laconia, N..H:
Mieitaward 8. Chamberlain*......)....... 18 West 89th St., New York City
Dre@lorence,A-. Cheever. ... 26.0... je ees 1531 Blue Hill Ave., Matapan, Mass.
biissyviarewertte H. Clapp.......0......... 24 Selcombe St., Dorchester, Mass.
Beisemeoie il Clarke oo. ee g1 Mt. Vernon St., Boston, Mass.
eeOlemieee PCOUITIS ee a ee o 468 Hope St., Providence, R. I.
Diemneeoree Hall Conklin.......00..555...... 1204 Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.
Seicic Ee (ClO Clos 9 cern Via A. Safi 9, Milan, Italy
Mr. Ezra T. Cresson, Jr... Acad. of Nat. Sci., Logan Square, celia Penna.
Meme eCrockett®........:... 06.0 cues ee. R. F. D. 1, Camden, Maine
Miscou Mary Gushinan...........6.5.. 300 North Fifth St ’ Reading, Penna.
DilseuniGer iy WaCy.* ose ee te 28 (Ward St., South Boston, Maine
Wemiamomiem College library... 6.6 6 ae ie ee le ee ce ales Hanover, N. H.
iom@um IMAVIS 5. dl ee ee ss 318 North 7th St., Hannibal, Mo.
Miss deoberta. Deam.:...........0. e200 Boxset, RAPD <6; Blutiton, Ind:
Pee ONE HD CTITCETIO ©. fe ot aoe hike Sous vee slcle Pike ee eels Oe Siameeehe es Emma, Mo.
Miri Ne Dixon..:....... 17 St. Matthew’s Parade, Northampton, England
ene WOODEN 6. oo Nas as cuts cee ay sata Selena ee wes Box 197, Shushan, N.Y.
Mine taorace.©. Dunham........2...6..... 206 Windsor Road, Waban, Mass.
Issey ide WOU PCbs oe oa ee Seminary of Philosophy, Montreal, Canada
Pe eewis, WOUCTON: 6. ec ke ke ee bbe eel eh dae Re Deo brandon, Vt:
re fonm wo Mekteldt 7. -... 6.0.42. .0. 0.05. 6312 Vine St., Philadelphia, Penna.
Dr. Alexander W. Evans. ..Osborn Bot. Lab., Yale Univ., New Haven, Conn.
fea PM ENCE es iicas wo ood ecb ec os wots ane ons Longmire, Ashford, Wash.
Peaetieodore,C. Frye.......... The University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
Mis Hdmund J.\Gadsby.......... 615 East Chelten Ave., Germantown, Penna.
RSS AVN ACT II ATI Noe ye os ee OR Papen toes Guinean oatuene™ Palisades, N. Y.
OCLs TR So Gr GS A eA 457 Moss Ave., Oakland, Cal.
ie tuiame Gray, sk ba wes Mauriceville, Wairarapa, New Zealand.
Mr. Wallace Greenalch*........ 14 Manning Boulevard North, Albany, N. Y.
Miss Helen E. Greenwood................ 5 Benefit Terrace, Worcester, Mass.
Wire TOUT ee lo ve noe avec aes 'e aclu cuca a ee New Dorp, Staten Island, N. Y.
Waeolcevan Gyorily oi eo ee ee Kolozsvar, Siebenbtirgen, Hungary
Pee eacane: Hadley: :. .6.. dee... os. R. F. D. 1, South Canterbury, Conn.
Lin Ls eS a pa re Natural History Museum, Trondhjem, Norway

mere james dansen.....i2....-..- St. John’s University, Collegeville, Minn.

—— 716 —=

Mr Witham Eo Haydock Cer at hua. aon 1328 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Penna.

Wiss: Caroline C, ‘Haynes 20) oes hee oe Highlands, N. J
Thomas Hebden, Esq........... Hainworth Lane, Ingrow, Keighley, England
Mr. Charles’ P. Heffingers.< eieot ee a 1 Clavelly Hall, Cambridge, Mass.
Dr Albert: Co Herret 3 ee The State Normal School, Bellingham, Wash.
MriHenry ‘Herrinanint,. cin tccce, eee aoe 2419 Coulee Ave., Dubuque, Iowa
A) Sigh eeu aa ca Lil peat Sai cnr phe Ams RS St aa) 7100 Eggleston Ave., Chicago, IIl.
Dr. john vis Holzingernt he ain eae State Normal School, Winona, Minn.
Mir Samuels: “Hoody: sos memes g Bureau Plant Industry, Orlando, Fla.
Nirs: Ella: do lore 4. ak oh ee eae ee 12 State St., Worcester, Mass.
Dr. Marshall A. Howe..New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, N. Y. City
Dro Ry dbeber: Howe, > Jie sie. eis as The Middlesex School, Concord, Mass.
Me.: J: Warren *Huntingdon* 025, 3 eee) ee Amesbury, Mass.
Mero ikichs hishiban 4 ae ee Komega-hukuro Uwatcho, Sendai, Japan
IVEPSOINE i wasakae 302 0. fag oneh sian ain College of Agriculture, Sapporo, Japan
Mr Joseph. Jackson 'iry 0 fon anes 25 Woodland St., Worcester, Mass.
De Om Be Pennings se day nee mena Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Penna.
Dr EU gS Jewett. 20409 Pe eo ney 15 West Monument Ave., Dayton, ‘Ohio
Wir. AN ita nia. WES 2 Ones ss ics agen ne ee Oe omer: . Lockbox 632, Lewistown, Ills.
IEE GreO- cd" AIRAIGe ri: .c-)nu eal saeco ne 508 Locust Ave., Germantown, Penna.
MissvAlice Cs Kendally (630,605 ses. OR rise ne a ee Holden, Mass.
DrisGeorge"G. Kennedys occ oda. oe ie ee Readville, Mass,
NirwAlirediiC: Wkinseys on hie carn Meee Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Me.
Mine tal Kenia eee ae The Lodge, All Saints’ Villas, Cheltenham, England
MGS tal nae ann prey icons & aati eaten Pe, ee eee 2 Guild St., Concord, N. H.
Mr. # Roy) sla thanissiciae: foe sre fa ares es tienece dtc sok oe eee ae Orient Nea
irs) Byron (Gis Beawitt =) qianiavactat sic) ini ee an eee Millbrook, Mass.
Rev. Canon H. W. Lett..Aghaderg Glebe, Louchbrickland, Co. Down, Ireland
Wiss Daisy «Jo ewy. Gs needy. ant ee eee ae 403 West 115th St., New York City
Ieve David lene jes ieee esto n tal coe The Manse, Watten, Caithness, Scotland
Herr Redakteur L. Loeske... Neuenburgerstrasse 8!, Berlin S. W. 68, Germany
Miss AninievE Goreng. iio 0e5 een Pe ghee sie 96 Garden St., Hartford, Conn.
Mrs. Annie B. McConnell........ Box 13, Watch Hill Station, Westerley, Rel,
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Ati Nac Kay? EES Gy cient toca te an eeu ree ak ote ee Education Office, Halifax, N. S.
Prot jiohm:Macowi sergio. Sele Deby eee ae Sidney, Vancouver tds Canada
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Protec iNe Bas Nelson Vit deus re ees are ae Lockbox 165, Gainesville, Fla.
Rev.) o.0 Vie Newman. soles te we a Howard University, Washington, D. C.
Walliams We Nicholson Fs qiy' (aud ie aa ween Lewes, Sussex, England
Miss Mildred Nothnagel. . Botanical Bldg., University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
Nrss “ohn: “aNorthiop.) oi ie eae eee 520 East 77th St., New York City
Prof. Shutai Okamura. . Botanical Institution, Botanical Garden, Tokyo, Japan
Mir. (George NU Pendletomi sy, ofa 5 an cee Box 163, Sisson, Siskiyou Co., Cal
Miss douratics Perrine = 23 ¢aw si ae ei ee State Normal School, Valley City, N. D.
Prof. Mermen «Ht. 4Pickett.2 se. ane 610 California Ave., Pullman, Wash.
Mir. Charles Gr Pitta sont carer. i amas tie 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.
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Mrs; "Annes Mauriet wRead’,.6 0 2p see eee 4 Ashland St., Medford, Mass.

Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes... .33 Duchess Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, England

Pekro weincoin Ware Riddle:..........0......5.- 3 Waban St., Wellesley, Mass.
ies de SCNUIMO. ee 880 North 22d St., Philadelphia, Penna.
miss tedien WK. Seymour... ...... 0.00008. boss 27 Agassiz Ave., Waverly, Mass.
Dr ohn. Sheldon. .....0...: West Virginia University, Morgantown, W. Va.
reeewis Sherman: oi... ek ee 448 Jackson St., Milwaukee, Wis.
tO WAL SHIPMAN: 26 eee he te Rossville, Staten Island, N. Y.
iMnewanmie Morrill Smith... ...6.0..0.5..00 04. . 78 Orange St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mire @hages ©. Smiths... 2. oe ee 226 Marlborough St., Boston, Mass.
ineworanik-C€.omith; [rece ol ieee eee a 889 Pleasant St., Worcester, Mass.
Mrs. Thomas Spencer............ 4923 Warrington St., Philadelphia, Penna.
Wire 1etor StePka a ee oe ue ee New Philadelphia, Ohio
Nuissavtma . Stokey:. 2.0.0.0... Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass.
Wlomiote tite Pec UMOriObs . 0. ee ee oe 1 rue Dicquemare, Havre, France
PRGMMeEG VACLOMIG:. 0. oo os Longueuil College, Longueuil, Quebec
ev. i. Waddell... 2... ... The Rectory, Grey Abbey, Co. Down, Ireland
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Mite idtollig Webster... oe ee ce oes 10 Fairfax Hall, Cambridge, Mass.
Wr Heward: J.-Wheeler. 2. 6... k ee ee 70 Chapel St., Albany, N. Y.
Maivccwldianret Wheeler 2.2... 02 oi bie cece dec eevee Chatham, Na
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SHORTER NOTES

In Lesquereux and James’s Manual of North American Mosses a descrip-
tion is given of Phascum carniolicum. Dr. A. LeRoy Andrews! has recently
studied the original collection and concludes that it represents a new species at
least, and possibly a new genus. The plants are minute, and differ from the
European species by their size, the shape and structure of the leaves, and the
conspicuous protonema. The species has been collected but once (‘‘silicious
soil, prairies of western Kansas’) and its rediscovery offers a problem of much
interest. Dr. Andrews also gives a resumé of the other known species of the
genus with notes upon their history.

Offerings—To Members only, for return postage.

Mr. Severin Rapp, 207 First St., Sanford, Fla.—Lapodium phyllocharis
(Mont.) Feé.—As offered in these columns July, 1915, but note correction in
name.

Mr. Severin Rapp, Sanford, Florida—Ramalina usneoides (Ach.) Fr. and
R. rigida (Pers.) Ach.

Mr. Charles C. Plitt, 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.—Lecidea albo-
coerulescens (Wulf.) Schaer.

Mr. Geo. H. Conklin, 1204 Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.—Scapania palu-
dicola (Loeske) K. Miill., from Superior, Wisconsin.

1A. LeRoy Andrews. Bryological Notes I. Aschisma kansanum, a New Species with Re-
marks upon the Genus. Torreya. 15: 63-67. (1015).

NoTEe.—The late appearance of this issue is mainly due to losses in the mails
of letters and printer’s proofs.—EDIToR.

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© Q- 7
—~—==,| MARCH 1916 —

HE BRYULU

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M. S.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the
Advisory Board Officers of the Soctety

CO UN, fE-Nils

How to Know the Mosses [ Analytical Keys]
Elizabeth Marie Dunham 178

Notes on Nardia crenuliformis (Aust.) Lindb. Annie Lorenz 23

VOLUME XIX NUMBER 2

Some Bryological Photographs from North Wales
P.G. M. Rhodes 25

Additions to the Hepatic Flora of Quebec Alevander W. vans 26

Dr. Hermann Edward Hasse [An Obituary | COS: COLL 20
Shorter Notes 32
Exchange Department 35

** Entered as second-class matter August 2!st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsturgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879.7’
Copyright, 1916, by Edward B. Chamberlain

| a A RE SR

THE JANUARY NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST was PUBLISHED MARCH 13, 1916.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

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THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

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Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
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ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith, . .. 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,.. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbarta—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C. Plitt, Lichens, 3933
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.; Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,
Foreign Exchanges, 18 W. 89th St., New York City.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

Pre BRYOLOGISd

VoL. XIX MARCH, I916 No. 2

HOW TO KNOW THE MOSSES WITHOUT THE AID OF A LENS'
: ELIZABETH MARIE DUNHAM

A. Key TO SEPARATE THE MOSSES FROM HEPATICS AND LICHENS
without the aid of a lens.

Since hepatics and lichens are sometimes collected for mosses, the following
key will be helpful when there is doubt as to what are mosses.

Plants growing flat, without stem or leaves.
Wicwally “dark green...........--. Thallose Hepatics—Marchantiales.
The plant-body of some Marchanttales is like a broad flat leaf, some-
times elongated, often with a midrib, and branched by forking. A
very young plant may resemble two or three leaves, but no distinct
stem will be found and the apparent leaves will not be arranged in -
two opposite rows, or around a stem, as in the leafy hepatics, or

the mosses.
Usually some shade of gray, or if green when moist, becoming gray when
dry; sometimes brown or orange............. Lichens—(see below)

Plants, erect, ascending, prostrate, or hanging from trees; with a true stem, or, in
lichens, apparently having a stem.

Stems without leaves; usually some shade of gray, or, if green when moist,

Pecoming Soray when “dry.” Gr oe. hate ee is ae Lichens.

The short branches of certain lichens may be mistaken for leaves.

The leaves of hepatics and mosses are flat and thin, while the branches

of lichens are round. When in doubt as to what are leaves, the color

of the plants is usually a safe guide: lichens when dry are more gray

than green, and are very stiff and brittle; hepatics and mosses are

more a foliage green, and do not dry gray, or become so stiff and
brittle.

1 Note.—This article is extracted with slight changes from a book by Mrs. Dunham with
the above title, soon to be issued by the Houghton Mifflin Company. It will bean illustrated guide
to the mosses of the northeastern United States, with keys to genera and species, but placing special
emphasis upon those characters that are apparent without the use of a hand lens. Our sincere
thanks are extended to Mrs. Dunham and to the Houghton Mifflin Company, for the courteous per-
mission to publish this extract.—THE EDITOoRs.

The January number of THE BRYOLOGIST was published March 13, 1916.

Stems with leaves; always some shade of green, never gray.

Leaves usually arranged in two opposite rows; rounded, lobed or
cleft, often curved under at the tips, usually dark green, mid-
rib absent; under or back side of the stem, towards which the
leaves curl, sometitnes bearing what appear to be rootlets....

Leafy Hepatics — Jungermanniales (Scale Mosses).

Leaves usually arranged equally around the stem (in Fissidens in
only two rows); sometimes flattened on two opposite sides of
the stem, never lobed or cleft, and when rounded not curved
under at the tips, varying from light to dark green, midrib
present’ or absent. 68s oc. Se ee True Mosses.

Plants usually growing in bogs or very wet places; stems erect,
much branched, branches at tip of stems forming a thick
head; leaves usually light green, or tinged with red....

Sphagnum, or Peat Moss.

Plants growing on rocks in mountainous regions; stems erect,

short and inconspicuous; leaves very dark, almost black.
Andreaea.
Plants growing in all sorts of places; on wet or dry ground,
rocks, trees, decaying wood, and in streams or ponds.
Stems usually erect and not branched; if slightly branched
by forking, usually with not more than two or three
branches; fruit at the end of the stem or a well developed
branch, sometimes appearing lateral by new growth of
the plants):5 20 hove a eee Acrocarpous Mosses.
Stems prostrate or ascending, rarely erect, usually much
branched (i. e., with more than two or three branches);
fruit on the side of the stem or on a very short lateral
bramolig oF vic.) ag vine en ene eee Pleurocarpous Mosses.

B. HeEtps To IDENTIFY THE GENERA

of the more common and conspicuous mosses, without a lens.

I. ACROCARPOUS MOSSES

Manner of growth.—Jndividual plants of the acrocarpous mosses can nearly
always be easily separated, as the stems are erect and do not interweave. In some
cases the stems are matted together below with a felt-like mass of radicles called
tomentum. The stems of most acrocarpous mosses are usually unbranched, but
sometimes they fork with only two or three branches.

Stems ascending to erect, usually much branched by forking; plants growing
on rock, leaves olive to dark green, except at the growing tip of the stem,
which 16 hehtert stew, 6 eine emer be Grimmia, Rhacomttrium.

Stems erect, not branched or with branches whorled at tip of stem; plants
growing on wet ground or on rocks, especially where water is dripping;
leaves usually. light or yellowish green: +. 0.74.2" eee Philonotis.

a ee ee

Looked at from above, has the outline of a star with many rays, or looked
at from the side, resembles tiny spruce or pine trees. Stems erect, usually
not branched; leaves bright green, glaucous green or dark green; plants
growing on the soil, on earth-covered rocks, old stumps and upturned

DEUS ES ERASERS TD Ne cage AE Ce Catharinaea, Polytrichum.
Plants growing from protonema, a green or brownish coating on the sur-
SEU MIOURE NETSOM foe ie. hk. asthe cae sy oleae ets a abdee noes Buxbaumia, Pogonatum

Color of stem.—Stems of most mosses are concealed by leaves, or are brown
and inconspicuous.
Stems showing red through the leaves especially in the new growth when
moisteplants. are held to the light....2:2-0..2........ Pohhia, Bryum.
Stems at least in the lower part covered with tomentum, a felt-like mass of
issown or whitish radicles....:...... Dicranum, Mnium, Aulacomnium,
Bartramia, Philonotis, Polytrichum.
Shape of leaves—
Leaves too small or too closely folded to be seen easily.

Capsule, almost concealed: by leaves...) oe 0 22 oe)... 2. Grimmia.
@apsule erect ..:55....- Ditrichum, Orthotrichum, Georgia, Pogonatum.
@amsuwlesmobserect:.. niceties ewles hs Funaria, Bryum, Philonotis.

Leaves conspicuously long and narrow.
Capsule erect. . Ditrichum, Dicranella, Dicranum, Ulota, Catharinaea,
Pogonatum, Polytrichum.
Capsule not erect. .Dicranella, Dicranum, Leucobryum, Aulacomnium,
Bartramia, Catharinaea, Polytrichum.

Leaves conspicuously short and broad.
Mapsule. erect oo Ue. Fissidens, Rhacomitrium, Physcomitrium,
WamowleMOtCreCt ens Sie ce ete she ss os Fissidens, Rhodobryum, Mnium.
Position of leaves.—Leaves of most mosses are arranged equally around the

stem and branches and are erect or spreading.

Leaves more or less turned to one side (secund)....Dzicranella, Dicranum.
Leaves in two rows on opposite sides of stem, giving the plants a flattened
SND DSSUEN NCS cy eee eee Sart Ae Ec eae, See ES Po Fissidens.

Leaves forming a rosette at tip of stem. ..Leptobryum, Rhodobryum, Mnium.
Catharinaea, Polytrichum, (Sphagnum).

AVES UNAUIATS OF WAVY ih cone nk ap tlhn cee Dicranum, Catharinaea.
Leaves conspicuously crisped when dry.

Capsileserect A LF ane aS. fee tot Dicranum, Fissidens, Tortella,

Barbula, Ulota, Catharinaea.

Capsmlernot. erect: caidas ed ss Dicranum, Fissidens, Rhodobryum,

Mnium, Bartramia, Catharinaea.
Leaves conspicuously folded straight when dry.

Capsule partly concealed by surrounding leaves...................
Grimmia, Orthotrichum.

Capsule erect...... Ditrichum, Rhacomitrium, Orthotrichum, Ulota,
Georgia.

Capsule not” erect... 3.0274. Ceraiodon, Pohlia, Bryum, Pogonatum,

Polvtrichum.

Midrib seen when moist plants are held to the light......................
Rhodobryum, Mnium, Catharinaea.
Color of leaves.—The color of the leaves of most mosses varies from light or
yellowish green to dark green.
Leaves usually conspicuously light or yellowish green..............0+--
Physcomitrium, Funaria, Aulacomnium, Philonotis, (Sphagnum).
Leaves glaucous or whitish green, especially when dry, 5.00)... 2 eee
Leucobryum, (Sphagnum).
Leaves blitsh greenies. eh ee ee ee Saelania, Polytrichum.
Leaves usually conspicuously dark or olive green....Grimmia, Rhacomi-
trium, Drummondtia, Orthotrichum, Bryum, Webera, Georgia.
Leaves sometimes with a reddish tinge........ Catharinaea, (Sphagnum).
Seta.—The seta of most mosses is single, reddish brown, and conspicuous.
Seta -sellowish oo ea ee Ae. ae toa ey Trematodon, Ditrichum, Dicranella.
Physcomitrium, Dicranum, Funartia.
Seta’ dark. 1ed sis Oe Ee ae eR Ceratodon, Pohlia.
SetaesclUsie7ed wk he ee eee Dicranum, Rhodobryum, Mnium, Catharinaea.
Seta very short, apparently absent, so that the capsule is partially concealed
by the surrounding leaves............ Grimmia, Orthotrichum, Webera.
Position of Capsule— ;
Capsule erect....Ditrichum, Dicranella, Dicranum, Fissidens, Rhacomt-
trium, Orthotrichum, Ulota, Physcomitrium, Georgia,
Catharinaea, Pogonatum, Polytrichum™
Capsule inclined....Trematodon, Ditrichum, Ceratodon, Dicranella, Dt1-
cranum, Leucobryum, Aulacomnium, Bartramia, Phil-
onotis, Catharinaea, Polytrichum.
Capsule horizontal.... Pohlia, Bryum, Rhodobryum, Mnium, Polytrichum.
Capsule hanging down............ Funaria, Leptobryum, Pohlia, Bryum,
Rhodobryum, Mnium, Polytrichum.
Capsule partly concealed by surrounding leaves. ..Grimmia, Orthotrichum.
Shape of operculum.—tThe operculum of most mosses is convex, cone-shaped,
or short beaked, and not especially conspicuous.
Operculum conspicuously long beaked....Trematodon, Ditrichum, D1-
cranella, Dicranum, Leucobryum, Catharinaea, Polytrichum.
Calyptra.—The calyptra of most mosses is smooth and inconspicuous, often
. falling off long before the capsule is mature.
Calyptra hairy and conspicuous........ Orthotrichum, Ulota, Pogonatum,
Polytrichum.
II: Przeurocarpous Mossss.

Manner of growth. Pleurocarpous mosses usually grow in rather flat mats
with the stems and branches prostrate or creeping, and often closely
interwoven so that no great length of stem can easily be separated.

Plants with stems usually ascending or erect and easily separated..........
Climacium, Helodium, Drepanocladus, Calliergon, Rhytidiadelphus, Hy-
locomium, Hybnum, Ptilium, Stereodon.

Plants tree-like, with erect stems, and erect or spreading branches only:
PRC TMesttp Obethe SLC <c.8s6 t4.2 2 fee as Sere hw es Uke Climacium.
fants je7n-like (branches bi- or tripirinate)....... 0.0... 0c eee ee
Ptiium, Thuidium, Hylocomium.
RESET ICAI Nia cet on hols Bote y at Eden ak a ee ee Ptilium.
Color of stem.—The stems of most pleurocarpous mosses are either covered
with leaves and appear green, or are brown and inconspicuous.
Stems and branches showing red through leaves, when moist plants are
held to the light..... ey Ale gk a ote Chimacium, Hypnum, Hylocomium.
Position and shape of leaves.—The leaves of most pleurocarpous mosses
are erect or spreading, and are usually arranged equally around the stem and
branches, sometimes apparently in two rows. They are generally more or less
oval at the base, and end in a straight or curved tip, but are often too closely
folded or too small to show the entire outline.
Leaves straight and flattened on opposite sides of the stem, apparently in
two rows, giving the plants a pressed appearance. ...Neckera, Homalia,
Isopterygium, Plagiothecium, Brachythecium, Rhynchostegium.
Leaves curved and turned in two opposite directions, giving a braided ap-
pearance to the stems and branches................ Sh Stereodon.
Leaves strongly curved, and more or less turned in one direction..........
Drepanocladus, Ctenidium, Ptilium, Stereodon.
Color of leaves.—The leaves of most mosses vary in color from a light
or yellowish green to dark green.
Leaves usuaily light, yellowish or golden green.
Capsule BROOM nn edespeasnt ons wet Dichelyma, Neckera, Entodon, Pylatsia.
Capsule not erect...... Helodium, Calliergon, Rhytidiadelphus, Hyp-
num, Ptilium, Cirriphyllum.
Leaves usually very dark or olive green.

Capsule almost concealed by the surrounding leaves..... _.. Hedwigia.
RO gs teReKeCir at oe se ee cok th eh Fontinalis, Anomodon, Leskea.
ae SU CUT OUP CRCGU, fans Merce ee eee os a eee dy tes ape en Oxyrhynchium.

ees SIAMICOUS OF OLUISH SECON moc ec ec wis gins Seba We oele ee Thelza.
Position of capsule.—The capsules of genera not mentioned are more or
less inclined.

Capsule erect....Fontinalis, Dichelyma, Climacium, Leucodon, Neckera,

Homaha, Entodon, Platygyrium, Pylaisia, Thelia, Myurella.

Capsule partially concealed by the leaves. .Hedwigia, Fontinalis, Leuco-

don, Neckera.

Shape of operculum.—The operculum of most mosses is convex, cone-
shaped, or short-beaked, and not especially conspicuous.

Operculum conspicuously long-beaked....... Plagiothecium, Cirrtphyllum,

Oxyrhynchium, Eurhynchium, Rhynchostegium.
Wasan, Mass.

NOTES ON NARDIA CRENULIFORMIS (AUST.) LINDB.
ANNIE LORENZ

The writer had recently the good fortune of discovering a second Connecti-
cut station for Nardia crenultformis (Aust.) Lindb., in Glastonbury, the first one
(for New England as well) being at Beacon Falls, where it was collected by Dr.
Evans in 1907.

At this new station, which is in the ravine of Roaring Brook, South Glas-
tonbury, the plants grew abundantly on schistose granulitic gneiss, on the south-
ern bank of the brook, which is in shadow most of the time. The mats extended
up the rocks not over a yard above the water-line, and the nearer the brook, the
more luxuriant the plants, as the brook is extremely dirty.

The plants were associated with Conocephalum, Blasia, Pellia, Geocalyx, Sca-
pania nemorosa, Catharinaea angustata, Mnium sp., etc., and the more robust plants
were reddish. Perianths with green capsules were plenty, also antheridial
spikes, but the antheridia were gone.

The general effect in the field is of a Nardia, but of a large crenulata rather
than of hyalina, which is generally less prostrate. The very concave, bordered
leaves and purple rhizoids (purple madder with a touch of rose madder) identify
it in the field.

Austin, who stated that it was abundant about Closter, N. J., insisted that
it was a good distinct species, wherein he was quite correct. Lindberg’s hesita-
tion, on the other hand, was from lack of familiarity with it in the field.

The ¢ plant is apparently undescribed, beyond the statement that the
species is dioicous. It resembles that of N. crenulata; there are 5-7 pairs of ¢
bracts, which are imbricate, unequilateral and saccate, all intercalary on plants
observed.

Dr. Evans gives such complete notes on the subject in Rhodora X, Oct.
1908, p. 186, that additional comment is unnecessary. As this species has not
been previously illustrated, figures are subjoined.

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, November 1915.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE II
Nardia crenuliformis (Aust.) Lindb.

All figures drawn from living material from South Glastonbury, Conn.

r. Plant with perianth, x 45. 6. Leaf, x 80.

2. Antheridial plant, x 45. 7. Cells at margin of leaf, x 570.
3. Sterile plant, x 45. 8. Cells at center of leaf, x 570.

4. Perichaetial bract, x 80. 9. Lobes of perianth mouth, x 570.
5. Perigonial bract, x 80.

BRYOLOGIST VOL. XIX, PLATE II

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1915

NARDIA CRENULIFORMIS (Austin) Lindberg

SOME BRYOLOGICAL PHOTOGRAPHS FROM NORTH WALES!
P. G. M. RHODES

The bryologist will hardly find richer ground in Europe than the shady
ravines which penetrate the Welsh hills. The writer recently spent a holiday
in the company of Mr. D. A. Jones, the well known hepaticologist of Harlech,
Merioneth, and was able to photograph some of the more interesting spots in
that district. The photographs will give some idea of the rich ‘‘ Atlantic” flora.

Photograph No. I. Shady siliceous rocks (western aspect) in a mountain
wood in the Artro Valley, Merioneth. As a rule the dominant moss in the
wood is Isothectum myosurotdes, occurring on every rock in thick cushions. On
damp rocks, such as that one shown, fine patches of Hymenophyllum Wilsont are
noticeable: and occasionally a magnificent mass of the still rarer H. tunbridgense
may be seen. The most noticeable hepatics are the Plagiochilas; in the picture
P. asplenioides and P. spinulosa are both seen; Saccogyna viticulosa is also there
in dense cushions on the face of the rock, though it does not fruit in this local-
ity. A close inspection of the tufts of moss on the rock produced the rather
rare Scapania nemorosa var. uliginosa (this, of course, cannot be seen in the
photograph), while the Scapama gracilis rivals the Plagiochilas in robustness
and abundance. On the wet rocks near the mouth of the cave two Lejeuneas.
occur; the common L. cavifolia and the rarer L. patens.

Photograph II. Dinas River, Uchartro, Harlech. Gives a good idea of
the rich moss vegetation which clothes the boulders by these mountain streams.
The bulk of the moss shown is Rhynchostegium rusciforme, Brachythecium plu-
mosum, and Isothecitum myosurotdes; on one of the boulders a patch of Hygrohyp-
num eugyrium occurs; in the crevices of the rocks and among the tufts of moss
Metzgeria conjugata and Lejeunea cavifolia are found. Within a few yards of
the spot shown, the rocks among which the stream flows, are covered with lux-
uriant masses of Madotheca Porella.

Photograph III. A picturesque spot at the head of Ceuna:t Llenyrch, a
ravine running into the siliceous hills behind Harlech. The seated figures are
Mr. D. A. Jones and his young son Idris. The big boulder is covered with the
robust mountain variety rivulare of Isothecitum myosuroides. ‘The sandy detritus
among the stones in the foreground is an excellent locality for Scapamia sub-
alpina and Eucalyx obovata. On other rocks Rhacomitrium protensum was
noticed; and Grimmia retracta, so typical of the siliceous Welsh hills, occurs in
black tufts everywhere on the stones.

Photograph IV. ‘Fhe same place, showing rocks close to waterfall. The
rocks in the middle are covered with a sheet of Hyocomium flagellare, which
fruits freely. On the left Isothecium myosuroides rivulare takes its place, with
patches of Brachythecium plumosum. Metzgeria conjugata flourishes, and
Lepidozia Pearsoni knits together the stems of more robust species. with its
delicate threads. Not shown in the picture, but within a few yards, occur Stere-

1 See PLATE I.

VOL. XIX, PLATE I

BRYOLOGIST

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odon callichrous, Plagiochila punctata, Adelanthus decipiens, Bazzania trilobata,
and B. tricrenata, deep masses of Plagiochila spinulosa, and isolated stems of
Hylocomium umbratum. It is on such shady rocks as this that Saccogyna viti-
culosa fruits. The plant occurs in a fine patch on the rocks shown, but is sterile.
It fruits, however, in the district. Lower down the valley great cushions of
Sphagnum strike the attention, chiefly S. rubellum and S. molluscum. Leuco-
bryum glaucum, everywhere common in North Wales, is here found fruiting;
and on the trunks of the conifers yellowish patches may be seen, which are
formed by Microlejeunea ulicina. Breutelia is abundant, and Mr. Jones pointed
out fruiting specimens, on a wall near the ravine. .

Should any bryologist wish to study the Atlantic bryophytic flora at first
hand, he could hardly do better than make a stay at Harlech, where he will receive
a welcome and every assistance from Mr. Jones.

EDGBASTON, BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, II OCT., I9I5.

ADDITIONS TO THE HEPATIC FLORA OF QUEBEC!
ALEXANDER W. EVANS

In the seventh part of Professor John Macoun’s Catalogue of Canadian
Plants, published at Ottawa, in 1902, sixty-three species of Hepaticae are recorded
from the province of Quebec. They are the following: Riccia arvensis, Ricciella
- fimtans (listed as Riccia fluitans), Ricciocarpus natans (listed under the variety
terrestris), Neestella rupestris (listed as Grimaldia rupestris), Conocephalum coni-
cum, Preissia quadrata (listed as Cyathophora quadrata), Marchantia polymorpha,
Riccardia latifrons (listed as Aneura latifrons), R. pinguts (listed as A. pinguts),
Metzgeria myriopoda, Pellia epiphylla, Blasia pusilla, Fossombronia foveolata,
Jungermannia cordifolia, J. pumila, Jamesoniella autumnalis (listed as Jungerman-
ma autumnalis), Lophoza alpestris, L. attenuata, L. barbata, L.incisa, L. inflata,
L. longifiora (listed as L. ventricosa, var. longiflora), L. Muelleri, L. porphyroleuca
(listed as L. ventricosa, var. porphyroleuca), L.. quinquedentata, L. ventricosa, Spheno-
lobus exsectus (listed as L. exsecta), S. Michauxii (listed as L. Michauxii), S. politus
(listed as L. polzta), S. saxicola (listed as L. saxicola), S. scitulus (listed as L. exsecta,
var. ‘‘scituta’’), Plagiochila asplenioides, Mylia anomala, M. Taylori, Lophocolea
heterophylla (listed also as L. Macounit), Chiloscyphus rivularis (listed as Ch. polyan-
thos, var. rivularis), Geocalyx graveolens, Cephalozia bicuspidata, C. catenulata, C.
curvifolia, C. fluitans, C. media, Calypogeia Trichomanis (listed as Kantia Tricho-
mantis), Bazzanta trilobata, Lepidozia reptans, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Temno-
ma setiforme (listed as Blepharostoma setiforme), Ptilidium ciliare, Pt. pulcherrimum,
Trichocolea tomentelia, Diplophyllum taxijolium (listed as Diplophylleia taxi-
jfolia), Scapania curta, S. glaucocephala, S. irrigua, S. nemorosa, S. undulata,
Radula complanata, Porella platyphylla, Lejeunea cavifolia, Frullania Asagrayana,
F. eboracensis, F. Selwyniana, and Anthoceros Macounti. There are perhaps
eight species in this list of which the writer has seen no material from Quebec.

1 Contribution from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory.

— 28 —

Only four of these, however, can be considered at all doubtful. One is Meéz-
geria myriopoda, a species with a decidedly southern range; the others are Lo-
phozia longiflora, L. Muellert, and Sphenolobus scitulus. A re-examination of
Macoun’s specimens of these four species is much to be desired. Since the
publication of Macoun’s Catalogue important collections of Quebec hepatics
have been made, not only by Professor Macoun himself, but by Professor J. F.
Collins, Rev. H. Dupret, Brother Victorin, and the writer. Another collection
was made by Mr. J. A. Allen as long ago as 1881 but was not studied by Pro-
fessor Macoun. These collections add forty-one species to those listed by Macoun.
Five of the most interesting of these additions, Clevea hyalina, Neestella pilosa,
Lophozia badensis, L. Hatcherr (= L. Bauertana), and Frullania Bolanderi,1
have already been recorded, and it is the purpose of the present paper to call
attention to the others. The species are arranged according to Schiffner’s
system in Engler & Prantl’s ‘‘Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien,’’ and the only
dates given are those of the earliest collections. The additions increase the
total number of species known from Quebec to 104, or if the four doubtful species
listed by Macoun are omitted, to 100.

1. METZGERIA FURCATA (L.) Dumort. On rocks. St. Hilaire Mountains,
Brother Victorin 30, August, 1910; Bic, A. W. E. 116, 125, 139, 140.

2. PELLIA NEESIANA (Gottsche) Limpr. In bogs and on moist rocks. St.
Hubert, Brother Victorin 23, May, 1913; Bic, A. W. E. 146.

3. GYMNOMITRIUM CONCINNATUM (Lightf.) Nees. On rocks. Bic, J. F.
Collins 3262, July, 1904; A. W. E. 173; Table-top Mountain, J. F. Collins 43116.

4. GYMNOMITRIUM CORALLIOIDES Nees. On rocks. Bic, A. W. E. 124,
127, 174, August, 1915. .

5. MARSUPELLA SULLIVANTIL (DeNot.) Evans. On moist rocks. Table-
top Mountain, J. F. Collins 4389, 4489, August, 1906.

6. NARDIA CRENULATA (Sm.) Lindb. On sandy banks. Longueuil, Brother
Victorin 23, July, 1910.

7, JUNGERMANNIA LANCEOLATA L. On shaded banks and rotten logs.
Tadousac, A. W. E. 16, 59, July, 1915; Bic, A. W. E. 137.

8. LopHOZIA BICRENATA (Schmid.) Dumort. On shaded earth. Salmon
River, J. Macoun 8, July, 1905; Tadousac, A. W. E. 73, 15.

9. LOPHOZIA CONFERTIFOLIA Schiffn. On earth among rocks. Bic, A. W.
E. 165, August, 1915.

10. Lopuozia Excisa (Dicks.) Dumort. On shaded earth. Tadousac,
A. Wo 14, July; tors:

11. LopHozta FLoERKII (Web. f. & Mohr) Schiffn. On rocks. Table-top
Mountain, J. F. Collins 43870, 4390, 4390a, 4490a, August, 1916.

1See Evans, Rhodora 16: 63. 1914 (for Clerea hyalina, the record being based on specimens
collected by O. D. Allen on Mt. Albert, in July, 1881); BryoLocist 14: 84. t1o11 (for Neesiella
pilosa); ibid. 13: 34. 10910 (for Lophozia badensis); ibid. 18:72. 1915 (for Frullania Bolandert) ;
also Conklin, BRyoLocisr 15: 12. 1912 (for Lophozia Hatchert).

*
|

12. LOPHOZIA HETEROCOLPA (Thed.) M. A. Howe. On shaded banks
and rotten logs in calcareous regions. Bic, A. W. E. 99, 108, 109, 149, 150,
August, 1915.

13. LopHoziA KAuRINI (Limpr.) Steph. On moist calcareous rocks. Be-
tween Baldé and Baie des Chaleurs, Bonaventure River, J. F. Collins 3+ 40,
3584, August, 1904.

14. LopHoziA KUNZEANA (Hiiben.) Evans. On rocks. Mt. Albert, J. F.
Collins 40£5c, 4083b, July, 1906; Rigaud, H. Dupret 7.

15. LOPHOZIA LONGIDENS (Lindb.) Macoun. On rocks. Tadousac, A. W.
ies, 60, July, 1915; Bic, A. W. E. 147.

16. LOPHOZIA LYCOPODIOIDES (Wallr.) Cogn. On shaded rocks and earth.
Mt. Albert, J. F. Collins 4143, July 1906; Table-top Mountain, J. F. Collins
Magne, 4547, 4552, 45700; Bic, A. W. E. 158, 150.

17. SPHENOLOBUS EXSECTAEFORMIS (Breidl.) Steph. On shaded _ rocks,
earth, and rotten logs. Sandy Bay, J. F. Collins 4703, August, 1906; Tadousac,
meme. 5,472, Bic, A. W. E. 92,132, 151; 154.

18. SPHENOLOBUS HELLERIANUS (Nees) Steph. On rotten logs. Trail to
Table-top Mountain, J. F Collins 4259a, July, 1906; Bic, A. W. E. r6r.

19. SPHENOLOBUS MINUTUS (Crantz) Steph. On rocks. Ste. Anne des
Monts River, J. A. Allen 3, July, 1881; J. F. Collins 4616; Table-top Mountain,
J. F. Collins 4784a; St. Columbin, Brother Victorin 17; Tadousac, A. W. E. Io,
po, Bic, A. W. FE. 128, 142.

20. LOPHOCOLEA MINOR Nees. On shaded rocks and banks. Montreal,
H. Dupret 13, 41, November, 1906; Isle d’Orleans, A. W. E. 1; Tadousac, A.
ar; Bic, A. W. E. 97, 105. :

21. CHILOSCYPHUS FRAGILIS (Roth) Schiffn. In pools. Oka, H. Dupret,
19, July, 1904; Grand River, J. F. Collins 3665.

22. CHILOSCYPHUS PALLESCENS (Ehrh.) Dumort. On rotten logs. Tadou-
sac, A. W. E. 78, July, 1915.

23. HARPANTHUS SCUTATUS (Web. f. & Mohr) Spruce. On rotten logs.
Tadousac, A. W. E. 26, July, 1915.

24. CEPHALOZIELLA BYSSACEA (Roth) Warnst. On rocks and earth.
magousac; A. W. E. 49, 52 56, July, 1915; Bic, A. W. E. 168.

25. CEPHALOZIELLA HAMPEANA (Nees) Schiffn. On rocks and earth.
mics er, Collans 4857, July, .1907; Tadousac, A. W. E. 45.

26. CEPHALOZIELLA MYRIANTHA (Lindb.) Schiffn. On earth. Tadousac,
moe. OF, July, 1915; Bic, A. W. E. rro.

27. ODONTOSCHISMA DENUDATUM (Mart.) Dumort. On rotten logs. Mont-
morency River, J. Macoun ro, July, 1905.

28. CALYPOGEIA NEESIANA (Massal. & Carest.) K. Miill. On shaded
earth. Bic, J. F. Collins 5057, July, 1907; Oka, H. Dupret 42, 48.

29. CALYPOGEIA SUECICA (Arn. & Perss.) K. Mill On rotten logs. Ste.
Anne des Monts River, J. F. Collins 4622, August, 1906.

30. BAZZANIA TRICRENATA (Wahl.) Trevis. On rocks. Mt. Albert, J. A.
Allen 27, July, 1881; J. F. Collins 4202; Percé, J. F. Collins 3728a.

31. SCAPANIA PALUDICOLA Kaalaas & K. Miill. In peat bogs. St. Hubert,
Brother Victorin 1, 22, August, 1909. , /

32. SCAPANIA SUBALPINA (Nees) Dumort. On rocks. Table-top Mount-.
ain, J. F. Collins 4487, August, 1906.

33. SCAPANIA UMBROSA (Schrad.) Dumort. On rotten logs. Tadousac,;
A. W. E. 24, July, 1915. . :

34. PORELLA PINNATA L. In running water. Montmorency River, J.
Macoun 7, June, 1905. ce

35. FRULLANIA OAKESIANA Aust. On trees and rocks. Seal Cove River,
Douglastown, J. F. Collins 3797, August, 1904; Tadousac, A. W. E. 74, 75.

If the four doubtful species in Macoun’s Catalogue are excluded it will be
seen that all the Quebec species occur also in New England, with the exception
of the following three: Sphenolobus politus, S. saxicola, and Frullania Bolandert.
It is probable, in fact, that most of the other species now known from Maine,
New Hampshire, and Vermont await discovery in Quebec. Whether the more
northern types, known from Arctic America, Yukon, and Alaska, are likewise
to be expected is, of course, uncertain. The occurrence of such species as Gym-
nomitrium, concinnatum and G. corallioides at Bic, almost at the sea level, is per-
haps an ‘indication that other alpine and artic forms may reach the shores of the
St. Lawrence nearer its mquth, but there is no definite evidence as yet to support
this idea. According to our present information no exclusively arctic types are
known from Quebec, and its hepatic flora might be described as north temperate
in character.

When compared with the flora of Europe the only distinctive sleniantes are
the five species of Frullania, F. Asagrayana, F. Bolandert, F. eboracensis, F.
Oakesiana, and F. Selwyniana; and the known range of F. Bolandert, as has
recently been noted, stretches across North America to the Pacific Coast with
an extension to the island of Saghalin in eastern Asia. Possibly the high ratio
of endemic species in Fruilania is associated with the fact that the genus is ap-
parently tropical in origin and comparatively modern.

SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL, YALE UNIVERSITY

DR. HERMANN EDWARD HASSE
CHARLES C. PLITT

In the death of Dr. Hasse, October 29, 1915, lichenology has lost one of
its ablest, most enthusiastic, scholarly, and conscientious workers. He was
born January 12, 1836, in Freiburg, Saxony. At the age of 9 years he emigrated
with his parents to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where they established their home.
Political discontent was the cause of the emigration. The father, Judge Carl
E. Hasse, brought with him a fine library, and the boy grew up in an atmosphere
of intelligence. He received his education in the public school. Later, having

decided to become a surgeon, he attended a medical school in St. Louis. Grad-
uating at the medical school at the age of 21, he continued his studies in Europe.
He studied at the University of peas Germany, from 1857 to 1860, then at
Prague, Bohemia, and at the Uni-
versity of Wurzburg, Germany,
where the degree of Doctor of
Medicine was conferred upon him
in 1861.

He then returned to Mil-
waukee, enlisted, and was commis-
sioned as second assistant surgeon
in the Ninth Wisconsin Volunteer
Infantry. In’) 1862. he. was: ‘pro-
moted, becoming surgeon of the
Twenty-fourth Wisconsin Volunteer
Infantry. The next four years he
spent in active service with his
regiment, taking part in many
notable battles and campaigns.

After the war, he entered pri-
vate practice in Milwaukee. Later,
in search for a milder climate, he
practised his profession also in
Arkansas and Missouri. In 1885
he went with his family to Los
Angeles, where he practised until
1888, when he accepted appoint-
ment as chief surgeon at the newly-
founded Soldiers’ Home near Santa
Monica. He retained this posi-
tion seventeen years.

In 1905 he resigned from his
position at the Home, and from all
. active practice, devoting his time
almost wholly to botany, especially to the study of Lichens.

Dr. Hasse was of a very retiring disposition; he was always a lover of the
great out-door world. His Civil War diary shows him already interested in
botany, but it was not until 1880 that he began collecting an herbarium. This
herbarium he sold later to Columbia University, just prior to his specializing in
Lichens. His lichenological studies were made during the last twenty years of his
life. His vacations (while surgeon at Soldiers’ Home) were invariably spent
“browsing” in the hills and canyons, or exploring some of the islands near
his home, in search of specimefis. His repeated visits to out-of-the-way haunts
resulted in establishing a friendship with many a recluse, an isolated fisherman,
or a lonely shepherd. On the other hand, it was with the greatest difficulty

HERMANN EDWARD HASSE
(Cut loaned by F. T. Andrae)

that he could be dragged to even the most informal social affairs by his family.
He derived the keenest pleasure from his botanical correspondence and seemed
to feel his lichen friendships were a haven and refuge from all the sordid and
petty insincerities of common day dealings. He detested “‘ bluff ’’ and insincerity
and was very quick to detect the hypocrisies of ordinary social intercourse.
The old soldiers cherished a warm affection for him—‘‘the old Dutch Doc’’—
feeling sure of his absolute sincerity in caring for their interests. How keenly
the city of Santa Monica felt the loss of their old doctor was beautifully shown
on the day of his funeral by the lowering of the city flag to half mast in his mem-
ory. This tribute is the more interesting when it is borne in mind that Dr.
Hasse had practically no conception of ‘politics,’ and had never been “ prom-
inent”’ in the usually accepted meaning of this word. It was an unlooked for
tribute to his quarter century of being a good neighbor in the fullest sense.

Possibly the only papers ever written by Dr. Hasse besides his ‘‘The Lichen
Flora of Southern California” are his articles in the BRYoLocistT, nearly all
also on Southern California lichens. It is gratifying to learn-that these, along
with other notes on the lichens of this part of California, are likely to be pub-
lished—possibly in the form of a supplementary bulletin.

He became a member of the Sullivant Moss Society in 1905; in 1913 he
became curator of the Society’s Lichen Herbarium. During the three years
while he was its curator 1120 additional specimens were added to the herbar-
ium; of this number 397 are from Southern California, collected by Doctor
Hasse himself. During his twenty years of lichen study Doctor Hasse discovered
many a new and undescribed specimen; many of them were described by himself,
but quite a number were named for him, and the specific name “‘hassez’’ can be
observed in a number of California specimens. Dr. Zahlbruckner further
honored him by naming a new genus of lichens—Hassea.

Besides being a member of the Sullivant Moss Society he was also a member
of the Sierra Club and of the Southern California Academy of Sciences.

Dr. Hasse left behind him a fine library consisting of medical and botanical
works, and quite a large herbarium.! It would indeed be fortunate for Southern
California if this fine collection could be kept intact and retained in that part
of the state. The botanical works are in the main lichenological.

Following is a list of Dr. Hasse’s writings, as far as known:

List of the Lichens of Los Angeles County, California. Erythea, March,
1895.

Supplementary List of the Lichens of Los Angeles County, California.

The Lichen Flora of Southern California—Contributions, U. S. National
Herbarium.; Vol) XV; Parti, 1953:

Additions to the Lichen Flora of Southern California.—BryoLoGistT XI,
1908, pp. 6-7:

Same title, No. 2. BryoLocist XII, 1909, pp. 101-104.

Same title, No. 3. BryoLocist XIII, 1910, pp. 60-62.

1 Dr. Hasse’s herbarium has been recently purchased by Harvard University.

oe . oe Se
Pe Se, een ee ee eee a eee) et ih

Same title, No.
Same title, No.
Same title, No.

BrYOLoGIstT XIII, 1910, pp. 111-112.
BrYoLoaist XIV, 1911, pp. 2-4.
BrYOLOGIST XIV, I9I1, pp. 100-102.

Same title, No. BRYOLOGIST XV, 1912, pp. 45-48.

Same title, No. BRYOLOGIST XVI, 1913, pp. I-2.

A New Reinkella from Mexico—R. Parishu Hasse. BryoLocist XVII,
1914, pp. 45-46.

Addition to the Lichen Flora of Southern California. No. 9. BRyYoL-
oGisT XVII, 1914, pp. 61-63.

A New Species of Blastenia. BryoLocist XVII, 1914, p. 92.

Additions to the Lichen Flora of Southern California. No. 10. BRyYoL-
Pecist, XVIII, 1915, pp. 22-23.

Same title, No. 11. BryoLocist XVIII, 1915, pp. 76-78. 92-94.

Dr. Hasse lived with his wife at his home in Santa Monica, where death
came after a short illness. Besides his widow five children survive.

Ce

BALTIMORE, Mp., Dec. TI, 1915

SHORTER NOTES

The mosses that the late John B. Leiberg collected in the Philippines and
in Hawaii are enumerated in the Torrey Bulletin for October! last. The list
includes 57 species from the Philippines with three new species and one new
combination, while of the three Hawaiian species listed two are new.

In the same issue of the Bulletin, R. Heber Howe, Jr.? gives a descriptive
list with keys, historical notes, and ranges of the three species of Teloschistes
recognized. The same author has also recently published a study of the genus
Cetraria’ containing descriptions of six species, key, synonomy, and maps illus-
trative of the distribution.

‘We have already had occasion to mention the series of studies upon the
Norse mosses that are being issued by Dr. Hagen of the Natural History Museum
at Trondhjem. The latest one to arrive contains an account of the Poly-
trichaceae* which is of especial interest to North American students on account
of the many species common to the two regions. All critical notes, of which
there are many, are in French which greatly facilitates reference. There is an
account of the morphological peculiarities of the family, with especial reference
to the epiphragm and peristome, followed by keys and descriptive matter for

1R. S. Williams. Mosses of the Philippine and Hawaiian Islands collected by the late John
B. Leiberg. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 42: 571-577. (1915).

2R. Heber Howe, Jr. The Genus Teloschistes in North America. Bull. Torrey Club. 42:
ByO-563-. figs. I, 2. (1915).

3R. Heber Howe, Jr. The Genus Cetraria as represented in the United States and Canada.
Torreya. 15: 213-230. figs. I-10. (1915).

4 Forarbejer til en Norsk Lévmosflora. xix. Polytrichaceae. Kgl. Norsk Vidensk. sels. Skrifter.
for. No. 1: “pages 1-77. figs. ©, 2. .(Oct. 10, 1014).

all genera and species. In Psilopilum there is a discussion of the two species
P. tschuctschicum and P. laevigatum with their varieties, Oligotrichum incurvum
var. latufolium Frye is reduced to a synonym of the former species; vars. hymeno-
carpum and aloma of P. tschuctschicum are described as new, both occurring in
Greenland and the latter also on St. Paul’s Island. Oligotrichum incurvum
Fryé (non Lindb.) is described as var. brevifolium Hagen under O. incurvum
Lindb. Pogonatum alpinum is placed under Polytrichum; the remaining species
are P. polytrichoides (L.) Brockm., (P. nanum Beauv.); P. mnioides (Neck.)
Hagen (P. aloides Beauv.); P. dentatum var. minus (Wahl.) Hagen; and P. ur-
nigerum Beauv. A very complete account is given of P. dentatum var. minus,
which is considered as synonymous with P. longidens Aongs. and Polytrichum
Wahlenbergu Kindb. Attention should also be called to a new variety of Poly-
ticum alpinum, var. propinquum Hagen, from Melville Island, and to the ex-
tended account of Polytrichum Jensen Hagen. PP. inconstans is considered a
synonym of P. Swarzit var. nigrescens (Warnst.) Hagen.
Bo Bee

Members of the Sullivant Moss Society will learn with sorrow of the death
on September 18th last of Miss Jane Wheeler, of Albany, N. Y., for more than
twelve years a member of the Society and keenly interested in its work. She
was a lover of outdoor life and of all that is included in that term. Her summers
were usually spent in the open country or at the seashore, and she had an intimate
and exact knowledge of birds, trees, flowers, ferns, seaweeds, and mosses, which -
gave her great delight and satisfaction, making her an authority among those
less well informed and observant. Under the shade of the graceful elms at
Malden’s Bridge, where she had spent many summers, she passed away as gently
as she had always lived. She was a woman of rare fineness of spirit and mind.
An invalid for many years, her ill health stood in the way of much that she

would otherwise have done gladly and efficiently.
| H. W.

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VOLUME XIX NUMBER 3

A SO
— =| MAY. 1916 | MAY, 1916 x

THE BRYOLOGK

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors

ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M:S.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CONTENTS

Notes on Funaria EJ. FLL 35
Two Extensions of Range A. LeRoy Andrews 37
The Bryophytes of Nova Scotia, with Special Reference to
Cape Breton George E. Nichols 38
Two Reviews of Japanese Mosses John M. oie $8

Duplicates from the Hasse Lichen Herbarium Charles C. Plitt 48
Shorter Notes 49

Corrections 50

Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."*
Copyright, 1916, by Edward B. Chamberlain

SS Ee SSS a aS a eee
THE MARCH NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST was PUBLISHED APRIL 25, 1916.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

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THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

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HEPATICS AND LICHENS

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IE BRY OLOGIlS Tf

Vor. XTX May, 1916 No. 3

NOTES ON FUNARIA
| aed fal so

In Grout’s ‘‘Mosses with Hand-lens and Microscope” it is stated that
Funaria americana Lindb. had been collected in but five or six localities as far
as recorded at the time of publication of that work. The states in which it
occurred are given as Pennsylvania, Ohio, Georgia, and Minnesota. To thees
Illinois can now be added. In April, 1903, I found it growing in the thin soil
that caps a low cliff of limestone opposite the village of Lemont. The next
month it was found again on the soil which lodges in crevices and on narrow
shelves of the face of the cliff. In the summer of 1904 I came across it once
more under similar conditions of growth on a cliff about a mile northwest of the
village of Lockport. These stations are all on the west side of the Des Plaines
River, the one at Lockport six miles below those at Lemont. The cliffs are rem-
nants of the old banks of the river when the water of the upper lakes flowed
southward to the Mississippi through the Chicago Outlet, and lie at some dis-
tance from its present channel. No similar outcrops of cliff-like structure are
found between the two localities.

The moss is a small one, hardly looking like a Funaria. The stems are 2-5
mm. high, but the greatest unlikeness in size, as compared with the common
Cord-moss, is in the length of the seta, which in fruiting examples in my collec-
tions is from 2 to 12 mm. high. Is is gregarious; or the stems may be more
crowded, forming more or less caespitose tufts, sometimes mixed with other
mosses. The habitat is well exposed to the sun’s rays,becoming very dry insummer,
making the moss a pronounced xerophyte. The hepatic, Reboulta hemispherica,
is associated with it or grows under the same conditions, taking on a very xero-
phytic form, its parts much curled or becoming almost tubulose from the upward
curling of their margins. Like Grimaldia fragrans (Balb.) Corda, which grows
on the cliff at Lemont, Funaria americana is not attached to the underlying
rocks, but roots in the thin soil that finds a resting place upon them.

This species is one of the earliest fruiting mosses of spring, the sporophyte
starting in March, prsbably as soon as the days become warm enough, and
ripening its spores the last of April or in May in this latitude. Specimens taken
at the Lockport station April 6, 1908, mostly retained the calyptras, but some
capsules were quite well advanced. The year after finding it there it was ex-
amined for fruit April 29. The opercula were mostly in place, but some had
fallen off and the moss had begun to shed its spores. In those first found at
Lemont, April 16, 1903, the hoods were generally gone, but the capsules mostly

The March number of the BRYOLOGIST was published April 25, 1916.

nearly grown. On May 6 they had lost the opercula in many cases and were
freely shedding their spores. This early fruiting during the moisture of spring
is an advantage to a moss growing under conditions so xerophytic. Yet the
empty capsules persist far into the summer, as is shown in examples of those
first found at Lockport, August 2, 1904. The urn was quite well preserved but
the long rugulose neck and smooth or smoothish upper part, as well as the leaves,
served to identify it. On some capsules even a few teeth remained.

FUNARIA FLAVICANS MIcHxX.

Several years ago I had a station for this species at Pine, Lake County,
Indiana, close to the south end of Lake Michigan. This has now been destroyed
by the encroachments of railway tracks and industrial works, which have so
greatly multiplied in this region. The moss was first detected June 3, 1898.
It grew in moist sands bordering a shallow slough. Such sloughs are common
in this part of the dune area. Some capsules were ripe and were shedding their
spores, others still retained the opercula, one occasionally even the calyptra,
but the mass of them was full grown. The time of ripening can, therefore, be
placed in the latter part of May and the first half of June, or one or two weeks
earlier than that of F. hygrometrica in this latitude. The stems, 2-6 mm. high,
formed little tufts or were loosely caespitose. The seta was shorter than the aver-
age in the common Cord-moss, being 2-3 cm. high, and it was not mixed with
that species. The nearly horizontal or slightly nodding capsule, the urn less
furrowed and with a less oblique mouth, the low, barely apiculate lid, the larger
smooth spores, 22—28u in diameter, served to distinguish it from F. hygrometrica,
with which it is most likely to be confounded. The spores of the latter I find
14—-18u, finely granulose or warty. Those of F. americana are about the size of
those of F. flavicans, but are finely papillose. Though the operculum of F.
flavicans is smaller than that of F. hygrometrica, its narrower capsule when old
and de-operculate often presents a relatively wider and more open mouth than
that of the latter.

There is also a character of the peristome which, if as common as in these
I studied, must serve as a good distinction. The inner peristome in all that
were examined was found but partly developed, 4-4 as high as the teeth,
each part forming a blunt process opposite a tooth. In the description in Sulli-
vant’s ‘‘Icones Muscorum,” page 87, nothing is said of the extent of their de-
velopment, ‘‘processibus dentibus oppositis luteis,’’ being the characterization,
color and position only being mentioned. In the illustrative plate, Table 53,
Fig. 14, they appear to be shown about as [| find them, being seen in the figure
by the margins of the teeth at their base. This is quite in contrast with the
corresponding parts of F. hygrometrica, in which they are well developed, long
and pointed or lanceolate-subulate, and about % the height of the teeth.

Funaria flavicans is a species mainly of southern range, and the station at the
head of Lake Michigan must be well towards its northern extension. This is
somewhat further north than Bedford Park, New York City, mentioned by R.
S. Williams in THE BryoLocist (4:9. 1901.) or Closter, N. J., where it is said

to have been collected by Austin. The most northerly station for which I find
a report is Buffalo, N. Y., where it was obtained by Judge George W. Clinton,
and is given as ‘“‘rare’’ in David F. Day’s ‘“‘ Catalogue of the Plants of Buffalo and
Vicinity,” published at Buffalo in 1883. As I have not come upon it again any-
where in the Chicago region, it must be considered rare also for this locality.

CuiIcaco, ILLINOIS.

TWO EXTENSIONS OF RANGE
A. LERoy ANDREWS

Since the appearance of the first two parts of Volume 15 of North American
Flora (1913) the two following cases of extension of range have come to my
notice: :

1. Sphagnum Dusen Jensen. A specimen was recently recetved from A.
Brinkman collected in a ‘‘boggy meadow”’ at Tetachuk Lake in British Colum-
bia, September I, 1911. It represents a very considerable extension of range
to the westward, though one that might have been expected. The species is a
fairly well marked one, but of uncommon occurrence. Its tendencies are north-
ern and it is one of the lesser number that appear to thrive rather better inland
than along the coast. The finding of it by Nichols at Salisbury, Connecticut,
in 1907! sets a remarkable southern record. In New York State the southern
outpost seems to be Sand Lake not far from Albany, where it was collected at an
early date by Peck. This was in fact its first discovery in America, but its
identity remained a puzzle to our older bryologists.* As its southern limits
figure next northern Michigan, also Wisconsin as reported by Cheney,* while
further stations to the westward may be looked for.

2. Rhatdoweisia crispata (Dickson) Kindberg. Mr. Williams gives as the
southern limit of this species in the Alleghanies, Virginia. Professor Atkinson’s
collections of 1901 from North Carolina show it however from two localities in
that state: Blowing Rock (No. 10983) and Grandfather Mountain (No. 11606).
Such extension was of course probable and it will very likely be found still further
south in the mountains. It is in fact apparently not the first time that the plant
has been collected in North Carolina, as I note Evans and Nichols in their Bryo-
phytes of Connecticut? give its range southward to North Carolina. Dr. Nichols
informs me that this record was based upon the label of No. 56 of the second
edition of Sullivant and Lesquereux’ Musci bor. Amer., which reads: Hab. in
Novae Angliae Montibus Albis (Oakes); etiam in summo cacumine Black montis
Carolinae Sept.,° meaning then either that this number was made up partly of

1 Evans and Nichols, Bryophytes of Connecticut, 83. 1908.

2A duplicate from the State Museum at Albany bears the date, July, 1867.
3 It was not clearly recognized as a separate species in Europe until 1890.

4 Transactions of the Wisconsin Acad. of Sc., Arts and Lett., X, 68. 1895.

5 P. 99. 1908.

6 No. 43 of the first edition bore the same label.

—25-=

specimens from the North Carolina locality or that the editors knew it from
that locality as well as from the other from which they distributed it. Pro-
fessor Farlow informs me that the Sullivant Herbarium does in fact contain a
specimen labelled ‘ Wezssia fugax, in montibus Carolinae Septentrionalis, leg.
A. Gray & J. Carey, July 1841.’’ This specimen I have not seen, but I would
agree entirely with Mr. Williams that all specimens from our eastern states which
I have seen belong with R. crispata rather than R. fugax.

ItHaca, N. Y. i

THE BRYOPHYTES OF NOVA SCOTIA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO CAPE BRETON!

GEORGE E. NICHOLS

Cape Breton, projecting so far out into the Atlatitic that the distance to
the west coast of Ireland is less by a thousand miles than from New York, has
sometimes been referred to as ‘‘the long wharf of Canada.’’ Politically it is a
part of the province of Nova Scotia, but geographically it is separated from the
mainland by the Gut of Canso, a narrow strait about a mile in breadth. Although
it has been visited by several botanists in recent years, very few additions ap-
pear to have been made to the list of bryophytes recorded from this region in
Macoun’s catalogue.2 During a short trip to Cape Breton in 1909 the writer
collected a number of liverworts and mosses not before recorded from there, and
this number has been considerably augmented on two subsequent trips, in 1914
and 1915, when about four months were spent in botanical investigations. The
primary object of the present paper is to present a list of the various species col-
lected in Cape Breton by the writer. Incidentally it has seemed worth while
to summarize briefly ail previous records, so far as known to the writer, concern-
ing Cape Breton bryophytes, and to include some account of the brypohytes of
other parts of Nova Scotia. For the sake of convenience the term Nova Scotia
will be used to embrace only parts of the province outside of Cape Breton. In
order to economize space the following system of symbols has been adopted.
An asterisk (*) placed after a species indicates, ‘‘collected in Cape Breton by the
writer also”; a dagger (f), “recorded from Nova Scotia in Macoun’s catalogue’;
a double dagger (tf), ‘represented from Nova Scotia by a specimen either in the
herbarium of Yale University or in the herbarium of New York Botanica! Gar-
den, but not recorded by Macoun”; a question mark [?], ‘‘some doubt as to
identity of specimens on which record was based.”

For assistance in the determination of various species, indebtedness is ac-
knowledged to the following bryologists: Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, Professor
Alexander W. Evans, Mr. Robert S. Williams, Professor A. LeRoy Andrews,
Dr. Abel J. Grout, Dr. George N. Best, Dr. Carl Warnstorf, Dr. Ingebrigt S.
Hagen and Dr. Leopold Loeske.

1 Contribution from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory.
2 Catalogue of Canadian Plants: Part 6, Montreal, 1892; Part 7, Ottawa, 1902.

1. SPECIES RECORDED FROM CAPE BRETON BY MACOUN

Below is a list of the bryophytes recorded from Cape Breton in Macoun’s
catalogue. LivERWoORTS: Conocephalum conicum*t, Pretssia quadrata*t (as
Cyathophora), Marchantia polymorpha*t, Riccardia latifrons*t, (as Aneura),
Pellia epiphylla*}, Blasia pusilla*t, Marsupella emarginata*+, M. Sullivantii*t
(as_M. sphacelata), Nardia creniulata*t, Jungermannia cordifolia*, J. lanceolata,
Jamesomella autumnalis*}, (as Jungermannia), Lophozia attenuata*t, L. bar-
bata*t, L. incisa*t, L. inflata*t, L. longidens*, L. quinquedentata*, L. ventricosa™,
Sphenolobus minutus* (as Lophozia), Plagiochila asplemoides*t, Mylia Taylori*t,
Lophocolea heterophylla*t, Chiloscyphus rwularis*t (as C. polyanthos), Harpanthus
scutatus*+, Geocalyx graveolens*+, Cephaloza bicuspidata*t, C. catenulata*}, C.
curvifolia*t, C. media*t, Odontoschisma ,denudatumt, O. Sphagni, Calypogeia
Trichomanis*t (as Kantia), Bazzania tricrenata*t (as B. triangularis), B. tri-
lobata*t, Lepidozia reptans*t, Blepharostoma trichophyllum*t{, Ptilidium ciliare*t,
Diplophylium albicans*} (as Diplophylleta), D. taxifolium*{ (as Diplophylieia),
Scapania nemorosa*} (also as S. gracilis), S. undulata*+, Radula compianata*t,
Porella platyphylla*}, Lejeunea patens*, Frullania Asagrayana*t, F. eboracensis* ft,
F. Oakesiana*, F. Tamarisci*t. Mosses: Sphnagnum imbricatum*, S. Pylae-
sti*, Andreaea petroplula*}, Trematodon ambiguus*}, Swartzia montana* (as Dis-
tichium capillaceum), Trichodon tenuzfolius |?| (as T. cylindricus), Ceratodon pur-
pureus*t, Ditrichum flexicaule, D. heteromallum (as D. homomallum), D. lineare*
(as D. vaginans), Blindia acuta*, Dicranella heteromalla*t, D. pusilla* (as D.
cerviculata), D. squarrosa*, Oncophorus Wahlenbergu*t, Dicranum Bergert*t, D.
flagellare*, D. fuluum{ (also listed as D. viride*), D. fuscescens*t (listed also as
D. congestum, D. crispulum, and D. sulcatum), D. longifolium*, D. majus*, D.
rugosum*t (as D. undulatum), D. scoparium*t (also listed as D. canadense), D.
Spurium*t (falso as D. brachycaulon), Dicranodontium denudatum [?| (as D.
longirostre), Dichodontium pellucidum*, Leucobryum glaucum*t (as L. vulgare),
Fissidens adiantoides*+, F. cristatus (as F. decipiens), F. osmundioides* t, Gymnos-
tomum calcareumt}, Gyroweisia pusilla [?] (as Gymnostomum), Leptodontium ex-
celsus (as Amphoridium Sullivantir), Tortella tortuosa* (as Barbula), Didymodon
rubellus*+, Barbula unguiculatat, Encalypta contorta (as E. streptocarpa), Grim-
mia apocarpa*t, G. gracilis, Racomitrium aciculare*t, R. canescens*, R. fascicu-
lare*, R. hypnoides*} (also as R. lanuginosum), R. microcarpum}, Anoectangium
lapponicum*t (as Amphoridium), A. Mougeoti (as Amphoridium), Orthotrichum
afine*, O. fastigiatum, O. obtusifolium}, O. rupestre, Ulota Drummondit, U. inter-
media, U. Ludwigii*t, U. maritima, U. phyllanthat, U. ulophyllia*t (as U. crispa),
Tayloria tenuist, Tetraplodon australis, Splachnum ampullaceumt, Funaria
hygrometrica*}, Leptobryum pvyriforme*t, Pohlia cruda*{ (as Webera), Bryum
acutiusculum, B. pallens, B. pallescens*, B. ventricosum* (as B. pseudotriquetrum.),
Mnium affinet, M. ciliare*, M. Drummondiit, M. hornum*t, M. hymenophyl-
loidest, M. punctatum*}, M. stellare, Aulacomnium palustre*{, Plagiopus Oederi*t
(as Bartramia), Bartramia crispa, Philonotis foniana*}, Hedwigia albicans*{ (as
H. ciliata), Fontinalis dalecarlica*t, F. gigantea*}, F. Delamarei*, F. seriata,

Neckera complanatat, N. pennata*t, Homalia Jamesiit, Pylaisia polyantha, P.
poiyantha pseudo-platygyrium (as P. pscudo-platygyrium), P. Schimperi{t (as
P. intricata), Pterygynandrum decipiens, Myurella gracilis*t (as M. Careyana),
Anomodon attenuatus*{, A. wticulosus, Thuidium Philiberti, Amblystegium
fluviatile, A. vartumt (as A. porphyrhizon), Drepanocladus Sendtnert (as Hypnum),
Hypnum (Drepanocladus) pseudolycopodioides, Hypnum (Drepanocladus) Moseri,

Calliergon cordifoium*} (as Hypnum), C. stramineum* (as Hypnum), Acroclad--

um cuspidatum* (as Hypnum), Hygrohypnum eugyrium*t (as Hypnum), H.
ochraceum*} (as Hypnum), Hypnum (Chrysohypnum) sinuolatum, Hylocomium
brevirostre*}, H. umbratum*t, Rhytidiadelphus loreus*{+ (as Hylocomium), R.
squarrosus*} (as Hylocomium), Stereodon canariensis (as Hypnum Waghornet),
S. fertilis* (as Hypnum), S. tmponens*t (as Hypnum), Hypnum (Stereodon)
molluscoides, Plagiothectum aciculari-pungenst, P. denticulatum* |}, P. striatellum*t
(as P. Muhlenbeckiz), Sematophyllum delicatulum (as Raphidostegium laxepatulum
(also as R. Roellu and R. Whiter), Brachythecium digastrum, B. glaciale (as
Eurynchium), B. plumosum*}, B. populeum*t{, B. reflexum*, B. rivulare*, B.
salebrosum*{, Oxyrrhynchium rusciforme*t (as Eurynchium), Webera sessilis*t
(as Diphyscium foliosum), Georgia geniculata*, G. pellucida*t, Catharinaea
Haussknechtu |?] (as Atrichum), C. Selwynt [?] (as Atrichum), Polytrichum al-
pinum*t (as Pogonutum), Polytrichum ohtoense*, Pogonatum tenue*t (as P.
brevicaule), P. urnigerum*t.

2. SPECIES SINCE RECORDED FROM CAPE BRETON

The following bryophytes have been recorded from Cape Breton since the
publication of Macoun’s catalogue: Metzgeria furcata**,! Nardia scalaris*?
Cephalozia Francisci**,? C. leucantha**,? Hygrobiella laxifolia**,? Sphagnum
palustre*,* Gymnostomum rupestre*,+ Philonotis americana**t,® Anacamptodon
splachnoides**,® Stereodon curvifolius** (as Hypnum) and Polytrichum commune*.*
Cape Breton records for double starred (**) species are based on the writer’s
specimens.

3. SPECIES NEW TO CAPE BRETON

The writer’s explorations have been confined to the northernmost portion
of Cape Breton. With the exception of Cape Dauphin (in Cape Breton County),
all stations cited for specimens collected by the writer are situated in that part
of Victoria County lying north of North River. This area is one of varied
topography and geological diversity. The interior is mountainous and in pla-
ces the mountains form massive promontories along the coast. Elsewhere the
shore is bordered by a narrow strip of flatter land averaging less than a mile

1A, W. Evans, Rhodora 11: 186. 1909.

2A. W. Evans, Rhodora 14: 12. 1912.

2A. W. Evans, BRYOLOGIST 18: 83. I9QI5.

4C. B. Robinson, Bull. Pictou Acad. Sci. Asso. 1: 32. 1907.
5G. Dismier, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 57: 22. 1910.

6G, E. Nichols. Rhodora 13: 46. Io1tr.

in width but locally extending inland for several miles. Along the coast are
occasional outcrops of dolomite, and extensive beds of gypsum occur in many
localities. With these exceptions the rocks are predominantly potassic. For
the most part the calcareous rocks are dry or otherwise unfavorable for the
growth of bryophytes, so that comparatively few strictly calciphilous species
have been found. The general vegetational features of this region are to be
discussed in a forthcoming paper. Suffice it to state here that, except on the
mountains where there are extensive heath-like ‘“‘barrens,’’ the country is
forested with a mixture of coniferous and deciduous types. Some of the local-
ities mentioned in the subtended list require brief definition. ‘‘ Barrasois”’
includes the area within a radius of five miles of the mouth of Indian Brook.
A large proportion of the specimens so designated came from the valley of the
Barrasois River. Similarly, ‘‘Ingonish’’ includes the area within a radius of
five miles north and west of South Bay, Ingonish; and ‘“‘Aspy Bay’’ embraces
the area within a radius of five miles of Dingwall, on Aspy Bay. “ Barrasois
barrens”’ refers to a large barren about eight miles northwest of the mouth of
Indian Brook—locally known as Scotchman’s Barren. ‘‘Ingonish barrens”
include a series of barrens from eight to twelve miles west (approximately) of
South Bay, Ingonish. ‘‘Ingonish mountains’ include the mountains between
these barrens and the settlement at South Bay. ‘‘Aspy Bay barrens”’ refer to
barrens about seven miles west-southwest of Dingwall. ‘‘Aspy Bay mountains’”’
are in the vicinity of these barrens. The numbers cited under the various species
refer to specimens preserved in the herbarium of Yale University. Specimens
numbered og1—og918o0 were collected in 1909, I-ro50 in 1914, and rrozI-1I750 in
1915. Liverworts collected in 1909 (and so cited) were not numbered. The
list of species new to Cape Breton is as follows:

LIVERWORTS

I. RICCARDIA MULTIFIDA (L.) S. F. Gray.f{ Barrasois 1334b, 1446, 14406.

2. RICCARDIA PINGUIS (L.) S. F. Gray. Barrasois 1203, 1204.

3. RICCARDIA SINUATA (Dicks.) Trevis. Barrasois 199; Ingonish barrens
789, 840, 1665.

4. PALLAVICINIA LYELLIT (Hook.) S. F. Gray. Barrasois r169; Ingonish
mountains 796, 1657; Ingonish barrens 1637, 1660; Aspy Bay 968.

5. PELLIA FABRONIANA Raddi. Ingonish 722.

6. PELLIA NEESIANA (Gottsche) Limpr.t Barrasois 1205, 1245; Ingonish
704.

7. FOSSOMBRONIA FOVEOLATA Lindb. Aspy Bay 975.

8. MARSUPELLA AQUATICA (Lindenb.) Schiffn. Barrasois 1500.

9. MARSUPELLA USTULATA (Hiiben.) Spruce. Barrasois barrens 509.

Io. NARDIA OBOVATA (Nees) Carringt. Barrasois 1269, 1445, 1478; In-
gonish mountains 1725. :

11. LOPHOZIA ALPESTRIS (Schleich.) Evans. Barrasois 1909, 1371.

12. LOPHOZIA BADENSIS (Gottsche) Schiffn. Ingonish 775.

13. LopHoziA BINSTEADII (Kaalaas) Evans. Barrasois 1431).

—- 42 ———

14. LopuHozia Kaurini (Limpr.) Steph. Ingonish mountains 1722; Aspy
Bay 961, 005.

15. LOPHOZIA PORPHYROLEUCA (Nees) Schiffn.{ Barrasois 1909, 300, 322,
1292, 1358.

16. SPHENOLOBUS EXSECTUS (Schmid.) Steph. Barrasois 1909; collected
also at Half Way Brook by Macoun (1898, in herb. A. W. Evans).

17. SPHENOLOBUS HELLERIANUS (Nees) Steph.f Barrasois 1909.

18. SPHENOLOBUS MicHAUxII (Web.) Steph.{ (listed by peut under
Lophozia). Barrasois 1909, 263, 200, 1549.

19. MyLiA ANOMALA (Hook.) S. F. Gray.{ Barrasois 1170, 1198; Barrasois
barrens 461, 463, 467, 460, 470; Ingonish barrens 1638.

20. CHILOSCYPHUS FRAGILIS (Roth) Schiffn. Barrasois 1487; Ingonish -

1720.

21. CHILOSCYPHUS PALLESCENS (Ehrh.) Dumort.{ Barrasois 1909, 507,
1395; Ingonish 721; Ingonish mountains 791; Aspy Bay mountains r0Z0.

22. CEPHALOZIA FLUITANS (Nees) Spruce. Barrasois 1195, 201; Barrasois
barrens 460; Ingonish barrens 1684; Aspy Bay barrens 999.

23. CEPHALOZIA LOITLESBERGERI Schiffn. Barrasois 1243b. Newto North
America.

24. CEPHALOZIA PLENICEPS (Aust.) Lindb.f Ingonish barrens 16530).

25. CEPHALOZIELLA BYSSACEA: (Roth) Warnst. Barrasois 1909, 1378.

26. ODONTOSCHISMA MaAcountt (Aust.) Underw. Barrasois 14314.

27. CALYPOGEIA FISSA (L.) Raddi. Barrasois 1482.

28. CALYPOGEIA NEESIANA (Massal. & Carest.) K. Miill. Barrasois 9,
14400.

29. CALYPOGEIA SUECICA (Arn. & Perss.) K. Mill. Ingonish 771.

30. LEPIDOZIA SETACEA (Web.) Mitt. Barrasois 1211; Barrasois barrens
472.

31. PTILIDIUM PULCHERRIMUM, (Web.) Hampe.t Barrasois 1909; also Big
Intervale (Macoun, as P. ciliare), North Sydney (Howe & Lang).

32. TRICHOCOLEA TOMENTELLA (Ehrh.) Dumort.{ Barrasois 1909, 639;
Aspy Bay mountains 7015.

33. SCAPANIA DENTATA Dumort.. Barrasois 1397, 1409, 1444.

34. SCAPANIA OAKEsSII Aust. Barrasois 2094.

35. SCAPANIA PALUDICOLA Loeske & K. Miill. Barrasois 273.

36. SCAPANIA SUBALPINA (Nees) Dumort. Barrasois 1909, 1370, 1405.

37. SCAPANIA UMBROSA (Schrad.) Dumort. Barrasois 1909, 634; Ingonish
barrens 533 0. .

38. LEJEUNEA CAVIFOLIA (Ehrh.) Lindb.t Barrasois 1909, 273, 640, 1136,
1273, 1319, 1346, 1340, 1354, 1472. Mount Smoky 739.

39. ANTHOCEROS PUNCTATUS L.f Barrasois 1909.

MossEs

40. SPHAGNUM CAPILLACEUM (Weiss) Schrank.+ \S. acutifolium Ehrh. Bar-
rasois 200, 1234; Ingonish barrens 534. The Cape Breton specimens belong to

‘
ete

Sa

var. tenellum (Schimp.) A. L. Andrews, which is also recorded by Macoun from
Nova Scotia (as S. tenellum rubeilum).

41. SPHAGNUM CUSPIDATUM Ehrh. Barrasois barrens 511; Ingonish bar-
rens 1676; Aspy Bay barrens 1000.

Var. ToRREYI (Sull.) Braithw. Barrasois 1227, 1164b; Ingonish barrens
835, 830.

42. SPHAGNUM FUSCUM (Schimp.) H. Klinggr. Barrasois 1194, 1235;
Barrasois barrens 465, 478, 451; Ingonish barrens 808, 838, 1677; Mount Franey
1703.

43. SPHAGNUM GIRGENSOHNII Russ. Barrasois 0925, 1210; Ingonish bar-
rens 1674; Mount Franey 1701.

44. SPHAGNUM MAGELLANICUM Brid. Barrasois 1165, 1196; Barrasois
barrens 476; Aspy Bay barrens 999.

45. SPHAGNUM PAPILLOSUM Lindb.{ Barrasois 206, 1166, 1197; Barrasois
barrens 477; Ingonish barrens 807, 1668, 1660, 1672, 1675.

46. SPHAGNUM PLUMULOSUM Roll var. FLAVICOMANS (Card.) A. L. Andrews.
Barrasois barrens 4So.

47. SPHAGNUM PULCHRUM (Lindb.) Warnst. Barrasois 203; Ingonish
barrens 837, 1671, 1673.

48. SPHAGNUM QUINQUEFARIUM (Lindb.) Warnst. Barrasois og1S, 1498,
T4909.

49. SPHAGNUM RECURVUM Beauv. (the Nova Scotia plants are referred to
var. amblyphyllum). Barrasois 0920, 1233.

50. SPHAGNUM ROBUSTUM (Russ.) Roll. Barrasois ogg.

51. SPHAGNUM SQUARROSUM Crome. Barrasois 0923, 0026.

52. SPHAGNUM SUBSECUNDUM Nees.f S. rufescens Limpr. Barrasois 207,
1433; Mount Franey 1702.

53. SPHAGNUM TENELLUM Pers. Ingonish barrens 1670, 1678.

54. SPHAGNUM TENERUM Sull. & Lesq. Barrasois 1167; Barrasois barrens
482; Ingonish barrens 1667.

55. SPHAGNUM TERES (Schimp.) Aongstr. Barrasois r164.

56. DirRICHUM PUSILLUM (Hedw.) Timm.{ JD. tortile (Schrad.) Lindb.
Barrasois 09157, 627.

57. DICRANELLA VARIA (Hedw.) Schimp.t Barrasois og1r54.

58. ONCOPHORUS POLYCARPUS (Hedw.) Brid. Barrasois 1461, 1462.

59. DicRANUM BONJEANII DeNot.{ D. subpalustre C. Miill. & Kindb.
Barrasois 790, 191; Indian Brook barrens 459; Ingonish barrens 1650.

60. DICRANUM CONDENSATUM Hedw.t Ingonish barrens 878.

61. DicRANUM Drummonpi C. Mill. Barrasois 196, 1344.

62. DICRANUM MONTANUM Hedw.{ Barrasois 09156, 197.

63. DIcRANUM MUHLENBECKII Br. & Sch. Ingonish barrens 871.

64. WEISIA VIRIDULA (L.) Hedw. Barrasois ogr59.

65. HYMENOSTYLIUM CURVIROSTRE (Ehrh.) Lindb. Cape Dauphin 595.

66. ENCALYPTA CILIATA (Hedw.) Hoffm. Barrasois 1470.

67. GRIMMIA CONFERTA Funck.{ Barrasois 0979.

= 44—

68. RACOMITRIUM SUDETICUM (Funck) Br. & Sch.t Ingonish barrens
16630.

69. ULOTA AMERICANA (Beauv.) Limpr.{ Barrasois 1345, 1574, 1577.

70. TETRAPLODON ANGUSTATUS (Sw.) Br. & Sch. Ingonish barrens 827,
1632, 1640, 1680.

71. TETRAPLODON BRYOIDES (Zoeg.) Lindb. Barrasois barrens 493; In-
gonish barrens 524, 1670, 10ST.

72. POHLIA NUTANS (Schreb.) Lindb.f Barrasois og131, 09139, 1347;
Mount Franey 1705.

73. BRYUM BIMUM Schreb.t Aspy Bay 1044.

74. BRYUM CAPILLARE L.f Barrasois 09136 (var. flaccidum Br. & Sch.);
Aspy Bay 1026.

75. BRYUM CYCLOPHYLLUM Br. & Sch. Barrasois 1304.

76. BryuM Duvatit Voit.t Barrasois 389.

77. MNIUM CINCLIDIOIDES Hitiben. Barrasois 1772; Ingonish 717.

78. MNIUM CUSPIDATUM (L.) Leyss.t Barrasois 0954, 1389; Ingonish 708.

79. MNIUM MARGINATUM (Dicks.) Beauv. Barrasois 638.

80. MNrumM MEDIUM Br. & Sch. Barrasois 0956; Ingonish 705.

81. MNIUM ORTHORRHYNCHUM Br. & Sch.ft Ingonish 770.

82. MNIUM SPINULOSUM Br. & Sch.f Barrasois 0958; 1204, 1337.

83. AULACOMNIUM ANDROGYNUM (L.) Schwaegr.t Barrasois 0937, 1237
1350.

84. BARTRAMIA POMIFORMIS (L.) Hedw.t Barrasois 0992, 1348; Mount
Franey 1706.

85. PHILONOTIS MARCHICA (Willd.) Brid. Aspy Bay mountains roo4.

86. FONTINALIS ANTIPYRETICA L.{ Barrasois 1207; Ingonish 682, 723.

87. FONTINALIS BIFORMIS Sull. Barrasois 274.

88. FONTINALIS CARDOTI Ren. Barrasois 1481.

89. FONTINALIS FLACCIDA Ren. & Card. Mount Smoky 728).

90. FONTINALIS LEscuRII Sull. Ingonish 700.

QI. FONTINALIS NOVAE-ANGLIAE Sull.f Barrasois 416.

92. FONTINALIS SULLIVANTI Lindb. Aspy Bay mountains Io72.

93. DICHELYMA CAPILLACEUM (L.) Schimp. Barrasois 1171.

94. LEUCODON SCIUROIDES (L.) Schwaegr. Barrasois 0994, 1332; Ingonish
O17:

95. PYLAISIA INTRICATA (Hedw.) Ren. & Card. (P. velutina Schimp.).
Barrasois 1454, 1537.

96. PTERGYNANDRUM FILIFORME (Timm) Hedw. Barrasois 394, 631, I29f,
1375, 1402, 1403.

97. HETEROCLADIUM SQUARROSULUM (Voit) Lindb. Barrasois 0950, 0964,
0905, I105, 1400, 1460, 1540; Mount Smoky 735; Ingonish 707; Aspy Bay 1048.

98. MYURELLA JULACEA (Vill.) Br. & Sch. Cape Dauphin 599.

99. ANOMODON ROSTRATUS (Hedw.) Schimp.t Ingonish 706.

100. LESKEELLA NERVOSA (Schwaegr.) Loeske. Barrasois 0966, 385.

101. THUIDIUM ABIETINUM (L.) Br. & Sch. Barrasois 0963.

aa eT

102. THUIDIUM DELICATULUM (L.) Br. & Sch.t Barrasois 0962, 93, 315,
13090. :

103. THUIDIUM RECOGNITUM (Hedw.) Lindb.{ Barrasois og6r.

104. ELoprum BLaNnpowri (Web. f. & Mohr) Broth.t Thuidium Blandowi
Br. & Sch. Aspy Bay 972.

105. AMBLYSTEGIUM RIPARIUM (L.) Br. & Sch. Ingonish 653, S84.

106. AMBLYSTEGIUM VACILLANS Sull. Ingonish 888.

107. AMBLYSTEGIELLA CONFERVOIDES (Brid.) Loeske. Cape Dauphin
594.

108. AMBLYSTEGIELLA SPRUCEI (Bruch) Loeske. Ingonish 7774.

109. AMBLYSTEGIELLA SUBTILIS (Hedw.) Loeske. Barrasois og1.

110. HYGROAMBLYSTEGIUM FILICINUM (L.) Loeske.t Hypnum filicinum L.
Aspy Bay 960.

I1I. DREPANOCLADUS ADUNCUS (L.) Warnst.t Hypnum uncinatum Hedw.
Barrasois 099, 0928, 1134, 1146; og122 (var. plumosus [Schimp.] Warnst.);
09126 (var. gracilescens [Br. & Sch.] Warnst.); 09127 (var. gracillimus [Berg.]
Warnst.); 1200 (var. alpinus |Ren.| Warnst.); Ingonish 772.

112. DREPANOCLADUS EXANNULATUS (Giimb.) Warnst.t Hypnum exan-
nulatum Giimb. Barrasois 88, 201, 215; Ingonish mountains 795, 798a, 996.

113. DREPANOCLADUS FLUITANS (L.) Warnst.t Hypnum fluitans L. Bar-
rasois 0913, 503, 570, 1231, 1232. Ingonish 8&3.

114. DREPANOCLADUS PURPURASCENS (Schimp.) Loeske. Ingonish moun-
tains 1650.

115. DREPANOCLADUS REVOLVENS (Sw.) Warnst. Ingonish mountains
794, 7980.

116. DREPANOCLADUS SCORPIOIDES (L.) Warnst. Ingonish mountains
792, 803; Aspy Bay 963; Aspy Bay barrens 1073.

117. DREPANOCLADUS SERRATUS (Milde) Warnst. Barrasois ogI1, og12.

118. DREPANOCLADUS SUBMERSUS (Schimp.) Warnst. Ingonish barrens
822.

119. HYGROHYPNUM ALPESTRE (Sw.) Broth. Barrasois 14906.

120. HYGROHYPNUM DILATATUM (Wils.) Loeske. Barrasois og162, 09163;
Cape Dauphin 607.

121. HYGROHYPNUM PALUSTRE (Huds.) Loeske. Barrasois 1733.

122. HYGROHYPNUM SMITHII (Sw.) Broth. (Hypnum arcticum Sommerf.).
Barrasois 1448.

123. CHRYSOHYPNUM CHRYSOPHYLLUM (Brid.) Loeske.t Hypnum chryso-
phyllum Brid. Barrasois 09175; Aspy Bay 973.

124. CHRYSOHYPNUM HISPIDULUM (Brid.) G. Roth.t Hypnum hispidulum
Brid. Barrasois og108.

125. CHRYSOHYPNUM POLYGAMUM (Br. & Sch.) Loeske. Barrasois 540.

126. CHRYSOHYPNUM STELLATUM (Schreb.) Loeske. Barrasois 672; In-
gonish mountains 797; Aspy Bay 1045.

_ 127. RHYTIDIADELPHUS TRIQUETRUS (L.) Warnst.f Hylocomium triquetrum
Br. & Sch. Barrasois 0951, 94, 1202, 1485.
128. HyLOCOMIUM SPLENDENS (Hedw.) Br. & Sch.t Barrasois 0987a.

6 —

129. HYPNUM SCHREBERI Willd.{ Barrasois og8ga, 098906, og8ogc.

130. PTmLIuM CRISTA-CASTRENSIS (L.) DeNot.t Hypnum Crista-Castren-
sis L. Barrasois og118, 00177.

131. STEREODON CALLICHROUS Brid.t Hypnum callichroum Brid. In-
gonish mountains 1664. -

132. STEREODON CUPRESSIFORMIS (L.) Lindb.t| Hypnum cupresstformis
L. Barrasois 097, 09125, 1332, 1473.

133. STEREODON LINDBERGII (Mitt.) Warnst. Barrasois og10, 0929, 190;
Ingonish mountains &70b, Aspy Bay 962.

134. STEREODON PALLESCENS (Hedw.) Lindb. Barrasois ogi13a, 091136
OgIT4.

135. STEREODON PRATENSIS (Koch) Warnst. Barrasois 0930; Ingonish
Tez

136. STEREODON REPTILIS (Michx.) Mitt.| Hypnum reptilis Michx.
Barrasois 09117, 09176, 09178, 09179, 312, 630.

137. HETEROPHYLLON HALDANIANUM (Grev.) Kindb.f Hypnum Haldani-
anum Grev. Barrasois 09107, 1391, 1420.

138. ISOPTERYGIUM ELEGANS (Hook.) Lindb.} Plagiothecium elegans
Schimp. Barrasois 1339.
139. ISOPTERYGIUM MUELLERIANUM (Schimp.) Lindb. Barrasois ogr72,
1308.

140. ISOPTERYGIUM PULCHELLUM (Dicks.) Jaeg. Barrasois 1336.

141. ISOPTERYGIUM TURFACEUM (Lindb.) Lindb.t Plagiothecium turfaceum
Lindb. Barrasois 09170, 1290, 1314; Ingonish 1716.

142. PLAGIOTHECIUM SYLVATICUM (Huds.) Br. & Sch. Barrasois 09167.

143. SEMATOPHYLLUM RECURVANS (Michx.) E. G. Britton. Barrasois
og1S0, ogI81, 265, 131.

144. SEMATOPHYLLUM TENUIROSTRIS (Br. & Sch.) E. G. Britton. Barrasois
2606.

145. CAMPTOTHECIUM NITENS (Schreb.) Schimp. Barrasois 1208.

146. BRACHYTHECIUM ALBICANS (Neck.) Br. & Sch. Barrasois 1486.

147. BRACHYTHECIUM FLEXICAULE Ren. & Card. Barrasois 1542.
148. BRACHYTHECIUM NOVAE-ANGLIAE (Sull. & Lesq.) Jaeg. & Sauerb.
Barrasois 0g100. |

149. BRACHYTHECIUM RuTABULUM (L.) Br. & Sch.+ Barrasois og104.

150. BRACHYTHECIUM STARKEI (Brid.) Br. & Sch. Barrasois 0999.

I51. OXYRRHYNCHIUM PRAELONGUM (Hedw.) Warnst. Barrasois 09173.

152. OXYRRHYNCHIUM RUSCIFORME (Neck.) Warnst. var. complanaium H.
Schultze. Barrasois 1539, 1560. :

153. EURYNCHIUM STRIGOSUM (Hoffm.) Br. & Sch.f: Barrasois ogro2.

154. CLIMACIUM DENDROIDES (L.) Web. f. & Mohr. Barrasois 0990, 1297,
I541.

155. BUXBAUMIA INDUSIATA Brid. Barrasois 1.

156. CATHARINAEA ANGUSTATA Brid. Barrasois 0945; Aspy Bay 1022.

157. CATHARINAEA UNDULATA (L.) Web. f. & Mohr.{ Aérichum undulatum
Beauv. Barrasois 0947; Aspy Bay 1023.

ee es eee eee! igi will

ip a ene cms

158. POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE L.{ Barrasois 0938, 131, 502, 514, 568;
Aspy Bay mountains oor.

159. POLYTRICHUM GRACILE Dicks. Aspy Bay barrens 1002 (var. anomalum
Milde).

160. POLYTRICHUM JUNIPERINUM Willd.t Barrasois 0939, 188.

161. POLYTRICHUM STRICTUM Banks.{ Barrasois 0044, 0045.

4. ADDITIONAL SPECIES RECORDED FROM NOVA SCOTIA

The following list includes species which have been reported from Nova
Scotia but have not been collected in Cape Breton. Except where otherwise
indicated: the records are to be found in Macoun’s catalogue. LIVERWORTS:
Riccardia palmata, Nardia Geoscyphus (DeNot.) Lindb.t, Jamesontella hetero-
stipa Evanst, Lophozia lycopodioides, Cephalozia connivens (Dicks.) Lindb.f,
Cephaloziella divaricata |?] (as Cephalozia), C. elachista (Jack) Schiffn.f, Scapania
apiculata Sprucet, S. Bolanderi [2], S. irrigua (Nees) Dumort.t, Microlejeunea
ulicina (Tayl.) Evanst. Mosses: Sphagnum imbricatum affine, S. tabulare (as
S. molle), Andreaea alpestris, Dicranum consobrinum (|?]|, Fissidens minutulus,
Tortula mucronifolia (as Barbula), Racomitrium affine, R. Nev, R. robustifoum,
Orthotrichum speciosum, O. strangulatum, Ulota crispula, Pohlia annotina (as
Webera), P. proligerat, P. pseudo-carneum (as Webera), P. pulchella (as Webera
Lescurtana), P. sphagnicola (as Webera), Mniobryum albicans (as Webera), M.
carneum (as Webera), Bryum argenteum, B. caespiticium, B. erythrophyllum, B.
inclinatum, B.intermedium, B. Knowltoni, B. Raut, B. torquescens, Mnium pseudo-
lycopodioides, Cinclidium stygium, C. subrotundum, Meesia trichodes (as M.
uliginosa), Leucodon brachypus, Homalia Macouniu, Amblystegium orthocladon,
Ctemdium molluscum (as Hypnum), Rhytidiadelphus calvescens (as Hylocomium),
Stereodon canadensis (as Hypnum), S. fastigiatus (as Hypnum), S. Jamesit (Sull.)
Broth.{, [sopterygium deplanatum (as Rhynchostegium), Plagiothecium Roeseanum
(as P. Sullivantiae), Polytrichum piliferum.'

5. SUMMARY

In the present paper, 349 bryophytes are recorded as having been collected
in Cape Breton.? Of this number, 93 species are liverworts, 256 are mosses. Of
the total number, 170 species (51 liverworts, 119 mosses) have been recorded
from Nova Scotia also, while‘179 species (41 liverworts, 138 mosses) are ac-
credited only to Cape Breton. On the other hand, 50 of the species listed from
Nova Scotia (9 liverworts, 41 mosses) have yet to be recorded from Cape Breton.
Considering the province of Nova Scotia asa whole, its bryophyte flora, as summed
up in the present paper, includes 399 species: 102 liverworts and 297 mosses.

SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF YALE UNIVERSITY.

1 Common in Cape Breton also, but no specimens preserved.
2The figures here given do not include species queried [?] in the preceding lists. For various
reasons it seems not unlikely that a few others ot the mosses listed by Macoun should also be ex-
cluded.

ie

TWO REVIEWS OF JAPANESE MOSSES
JoHn M. HOLzINGER

1. Ishibaea, novum Brachytheciacearum genus ex Japonia, elab. V. F. Bro-
therus et Shutai Okamura. Reprinted from the ‘‘Botanical Magazine, Tokyo,
Vol. xxix) No. (346. *

This article, establishing a new genus of Brachytheciaceae, indigenous to

Japan, deserves special review in the BryoLocist. The description is, for-
tunately, in Latin. The affinity of the genus is with Homalothecium from which
it differs in inflorescence, in the slenderness of all parts, in the leaves not folded,
and in the structure of the peristome.

The excellent drawings for the plate illustrating the article were made by
Prof. Shutai Okamura, of the Botanic Garden at Tokyo. The generic name is
given in honor of Prof. Eikichi lishiba, an able student of the moss-flora of
Japan.

2. Prof. Okamura also transmits two other reprints, the deciphering of
of which is not so happily accomplished, for the numerous perpendicular col-
umns of beautiful, closely-crowded characters, looking like hieroglyphics, are
only sparingly interlined with some German sentences, and names of mosses,
and one new liverwort, A plozia towadaensis Sh. Okamura, n. sp. Prof. Okamura’s
German is good, save in the title of the paper, which doubtless is intended to
read: ‘‘Ueber einige Arten von Bryophyten aus gewissen Seeboeden in Japan.”
This, translated, means, ‘‘Concerning some species of Bryophytes from certain
lake bottoms in Japan.’ In the course of the learned Japanese treatise the
author evidently refers to an article ‘“‘in dem Botanischen Zentralblatt”’ dis-
cussing the moss flora in the lake bottoms of Lake Geneva and Lake Constance.
After enumerating some twenty species of mosses—which one hesitatingly guesses
may be species common to the lakes of Switzerland and Japan (but another guess
may be due!)—the author announces ‘‘ Bryhnia Nakanoi Sh. Okamura, n. sp.,”’
charmingly describing it in his strictly inimitable Japanese style. Some day the
readers of the BryoLocist will doubtless be favored by Prof. Okamura with a
translation of this Rising Sun description in some Setting Sun speech.

In the second paper on this subject (Der zweite Bericht) the author seems
to discuss principally the occurrence in certain Japanese lake bottoms of a
hepatic, Chiloscyphus rivularis (Schrad.) Loeske.

DUPLICATES FROM THE HASSE LICHEN HERBARIUM

The Lichen Herbarium of the Sullivant Moss Society has been most beauti-

fully remembered by Mrs. H. E. Hasse, the widow of our late Curator Upon —

the assumption by the Society of the transportation charges only, Mrs. Hasse
has given to the Society all the duplicates of Dr. Hasse’s great herbarium, num-
bering many thousands of specimens. All of the material is now in the hands of
the present Curator, who takes this opportunity to express the hearty apprecia-

——.

tion of the Society to Mrs. Hasse for her generous gift, and to send her herewith
a vote of thanks.

It will take considerable time to mount and arrange the new material, which
is itself very rich in duplicates, but as this progresses, it seems very probable
that there will be an opportunity for offering some of the extra material for sale
to members of the Society and others. While nothing definite can be announced
at present, members may be sure that the price will be as reasonable as it can be
made, while still covering the costs of handling and transportation. Further
notices will appear regarding this from time to time, but it is suggested that any
member interested in securing a chance at these valuable specimens should write
either to the Curator or to the Treasurer, so that some idea may be obtained as
to the possibilities.

CHARLESIC.. PLiTT.

SHORTER NOTES

The fourteenth fascicle, numbers 326-350 inclusive, of Prof. J. M. Holz-
inger’s Muscit Acrocarpi Borealit-Americanit was issued the middle of February
last. The issue contains a number of the less well known species, among them
Ephemerum megalosporum (Aust.) Salm., Nanomitrium synoicum (James) Lindb.,
Pleuridium Bakerit Card. & Thér., Pl. Bolandert C. M., Jaeg., Didymodon Hen-
dersont R. & C., Bartramia stricta Brid., and a new variety of Bryum pseudotriquet-
rum, marked ‘‘var. aristatum Ther. ined.,” from the type locality. Besides
these there are three species from Swedish localities. We need say nothing in
addition to what has already been given in these pages, concerning the care
which the excellent specimens of this series shows. But we would urge mem-
bers of the Society to codperate whenever possible in collecting material for Prof.
Holzinger. As time goes on, the task of securing species unrepresented becomes
far more difficult, and it is only by extensive help from collectors that it becomes

practicable to continue the fascicles.
Be BAG.

NICHOLS’S VEGETATION OF CONNECTICUT.—In a fine series of papers! on the
vegetation of Connecticut Dr. George E. Nichols has done much to preserve for
future botanists a record of the general composition and ecological relations of
a vegetation which in a few more years will present practically no virgin forests
or other undisturbed groups of plants. Nichols follows in the main the method
of treatment originated by Cowles, paying particular attention to the relation of
the plant societies to the physiography of the region studied.

To the readers of THE BryoLocist there is much of interest in Nichols’s
papers. In his third paper, ‘‘Plant Societies on Uplands” (Torreya 14: 167-

1The Vegetation of Connecticut. I.—Phytogeographic Aspects. Torreya 13: 89-112, f.
1-6. May, 1913; II.—Virgin Forests. Torreya 13: 199-215. #. 1-5. Sept., 1913; III.—Plant
Societies on Uplands. Torreya 14: 167-1094. f. 1-9. Oct., 1914; IV.—Plant Societies in Low-
lands. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 42: 1609-217. f. 1-15. ‘Apr., IQI5.

194. Oct. 1914) the succession of vegetation begins with a bare rock surface,
and, on an exposed trap rock for instance, the pioneers are Buellia petraea and
Lecanora cinerea and, immediately following, Physcia tribacea. These lichens
are followed by other species, the crustose lichens being succeeded by a group of
foliose and fruticose species and eventually such mosses as Grimmia Olneyt and
Hedwigia ciliata.

In crevices of the trap rocks the pioneers are fruticose lichens and mosses
and these are soon succeeded by other plants of various kinds. Eventually
the trap ridge becomes covered with an oak-hickory forest which may persist
for a long time, but may finally be succeeded by the climax forest in which the
most prominent tree is the chestnut.

Nichols takes up other plant successions in the same manner, tracing the
development and analyzing the composition of the vegetation, and to readers of
Tue Bryovocist it is distinctly a pleasure to note the frequent mention and
prominent place given the bryophytes and lichens.

OC EL:

THE MossEs oF MADAGASCAR, CARDOT AND RENAULD, NOW BEING PUBLISHED.
—Under date of March 9, 1916, Dr. Holzinger writes: ‘A letter just from Paris,
by M. Jules Cardot, is like a voice from the dead. He had to leave behind nearly
all of his botanical equipment—herbarium, books, pamphlets, manuscripts—
when the French military authorities ordered the entire population of the Meuse
valley to leave their homes, on ten hours’ notice, and flee to the southwest of
France. He worked for awhile after the beginning of hostilities at Dinard in the
hospital service. At present his work is more congenial: he is connected witha
museum in Paris (Address: No. 164 rue Jeanne d’ Arc prolongée). He is at work
on the Rosaceae of Asia. The point cf great bryological interest, however, is
the announcement that he did save a valuable’ manuscript, on which he had been
at work for years, jointly with his beloved friend, Capt. Renauld, now deceased,
viz., The Mosses of Madagascar, a magnificent volume of 560 pages, illustrated
by 187 plates, figuring 360 of the 550 species described. This the author reports
is now being published.”’

CORRECTIONS

In order to make her key to the mosses more complete Mrs. Dunham would

ask that the following insertions be made in the article ‘‘How to Know the Moss-
es without the Aid of a Lens,’’ BryoLocist, March, 1916:

Page 22, line 16, add Polytrichum.

Page 23, line 3, add or closely pinnate.

ati gly a ot. aS Siew ae

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NUMBER 4

VOLUME XIX

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY |

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors

ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.

GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M:S.

ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

G.ON-ICEANLE:S

Mnium antiquorum Cardot and Dixon, an Extinct Moss
H. N. Dixon 51

The Mosses of the Pech Catalogue—Missouri DB. FF. Bush 52

Mosses, Hepatics, and Lichens of the Quartzite Hills of the
Kamouraska Formation, Quebec, Canada Fr. M. Victorin 60

Additional Notes upon New Mexican Hepaticae Paul C. Standley 64

Lichens of the Mt. Monadnock Region, N. H.—No. 7
Thomas Durfee 65

Shorter Notes 66
Sullivant Moss Society Notes 66

“Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1916, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE MAY NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST waAs PUBLISHED MAY 26, 1916.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35. Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Singlecopies, 25cents. Vols. I- XVIII, 1898-1915, $17.75.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

Checks, except New York City, MUST contain 10 cents extra for collection
fee. Manuscripts should be sent to Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Forms close on the first of the month prior to that
of publication. Subscriptions and advertisements should be sent to Dr. O. E.
Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.

ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith . .. 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C. Plitt, Lichens, 3933
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.; Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,
Foreign Exchanges, 18 W. 89th St., New York City.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

a) ae ee rnE, NY, ,

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AEE BG OGISi a ee

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4

VoL. XIX JULY TOL No. 4

MNIUM ANTIQUORUM CARDOT AND DIXON, AN EXTINCT MOSS
HN DiExoON

The number of species of mosses found in a more or less fossilized condition
and now extinct is very small. E. G. Britton and A. Hollick have recently
shown (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 34: 139. March, 1907) that of the comparatively
few records some at least are erroneous, and do not belong to mosses at all. A
recently described species having peculiarly interesting relationships has been
published in “‘The Pliocene Floras of the
Dutch-Prussian Border’ by Clement
mei. R: S.,.and Eleanor M. Reid,
B.Sc. (The Hague, 1915). As this publi-
cation is not likely to be well-known by
bryologists, it is perhaps worth while to
reproduce the description here.

The plant-remains amongst which the
few fragments of moss occurred came
from the Pliocene deposits at Reuver, in
the valley of the Maas, on the border-
line between Limburg and _ Prussia.

==
——_

This flora exhibits a remarkable affinity ay '
with the present flora of Eastern Asia— na
China and Japan; the bulk of the species i
determined either being identical with, BS :
or having for their nearest allies, species ! SON
occurring in those countries at the present ay \

day; they include a large number of ex- aries

tinct species, and but very few identical

with those existing in Europe at the present del. HN.Dixon

time. This affinity among the flowering
plants was entirely supported by the few
: Te stem; 26.3:
remains of mosses detected. My note 7
: 2 2,3. Leaves, X 25.

on these may be cited: 4. Leaf, restored, X 25.

“The Reuverian collection consists of 5. Apex of leaf, X 100.
but half a dozen exceedingly small and 6. Basal areolation, X 100.
very fragmentary remains. Of these, however, two were of distinct interest.
One, a mere fragment from Swalem with but little left of any of the leaves but
the nerves and parts of the basal areolation, retained however sufficient of the

Mnium. antiquorum Card. & Dixon

The May number of the BRYOLOGIsT was published May 26, 1016.

oe
a2

latter to show that it belonged to a small group of mosses, § Urocladium cf the
genus Pinnatella Fleisch., (Porotrichum spp. auctorum), consisting of some half
dozen species confined to the southeastern region of Asia (India, Malay Archi-
pelago, Tonkin, Formosa, Japan), and especially characterized by an intra-
marginal border or band of elongate cells, such as is found in a very few groups of
mosses only (Calymperes, Fissidens, particularly). The Reuverian moss is
scarcely distinguishable from P. alopecurtoides (Hook.) Fleisch., except in the
shorter nerve (35-40u wide) and the leaf-cells slightly larger and with a pro-
nounced tendency to be elliptical. These characters are probably quite sufficient
to indicate a specific difference, but the relationship is close, and the fragment
bears out in an interesting way the indications given by the rest of the plant
remains.

‘The second from Reuver is perhaps still more interesting. It is a species of
Mnium of the § Trachycystis, represented at the present day by two species
only, both confined to China (including Saghalin and the Amur region) and
Japan. It differs however from both of these, and in conjunction with Mons.
Cardot, who has kindly examined it, I propose the following name for it:

‘“ Mnium antiquorum Card. & Dixon, sp. nov. A M. microphyllo Doz. & Molk.
differt cellulis minoribus, parietibus magis incrassatis, atque foliis limbo incrassato
bistratoso circumscriptis; a M. flagellari Sull. & Lesq. proximo foliis minoribus,
irregulariter, obscure, simpliciter dentatis, nec spinulis bigeminatis armatis.”’

17 St. MATTHEW'S PARADE, NORTHAMPTON, ENGLAND. +

THE MOSSES OF THE PECH CATALOGUE—MISSOURI
B. F. BusH

It is just a half a century since F. Pech, an obscure collector residing in
Washington, D. C., prepared a list of plants collected by himself in various parts
of Missouri, chiefly during a temporary residence at Louisiana, Missouri, and
through several visits to Potosi, Washington County. Scarcely any one ever
saw this catalogue and it has remained almost unknown up to the present.
Tracy,! in his Catalogue of Missouri Plants in 1886, includes about 1725 species.
in his list, and in the preface he says ‘‘ The following Catalogue is, I believe, the
first publication of any list of the plants of the State, excepting a ‘Partial Cata-
logue of the Plants of Illinois and Missouri,’ published by Mr. Geyer about 1842
which has long been out of print.’’ This statement is completely at variance
with the Catalogue itself in which he cites many species of plants collected by
Pech, a thing he could not have done, unless he had seen the Pech catalogue,
either in the Englemann Library or in that of the Missouri Botanic Garden, and
he makes no mention of it in the preface. As the Pech catalogue contains about
950 species of the higher plants of Missouri, Prof. Tracy added to the flora of the

1Tracy, S. M. Catalogue of the Phanerogams and Vascular Cryptogamous Plants of Mis-
souir. 1886.

State only about 775 species from over eighty counties represented in his cata-
logue.

Sonie five or six years after Prof. Tracy published his catalogue Prof. Trel-
ease called my attention to the Pech Catalogue, which I then saw for the first
time. The next mention of the Pech Catalogue is by Sargent! in his second
paper on Crataegus in Missouri, page 79, where he says ‘‘The only publication
devoted to the flora of northeastern Missouri, appeared in a list of the plants
growing at Louisiana, on the Mississippi River, not far below Hannibal, in a
‘Catalogue of the United States Plants in the Department of Agriculture,’ issued
by Isaac Newton, the authorship of which has been ascribed to Mr. F. Pech.”’
In this paper Prof. Sargent commemorates Pech’s name in Crataegus Pechiana,
a species of the vzrzdis group.

Excepting these two references, all mention of Pech’s list seems to be want-
ing. The title of the list is ‘Catalogue of the United States Plants in the De-
partment of Agriculture’”’ and the date written in by Pech himself is November
I, 1866.

The preface to the Catalogue states that the Department of Agriculture
having received a donation of a large collection of plants gathered in different
states which, while not stating positively that this was the first collection of
plants in the museum of the Department, plainly shows every evidence that it
was the initial collection, and itis signed by Isaac Newton, Commissioner.

No mention is made of the donor in the preface of this Catalogue, nor is F.
Pech’s name anywhere mention ed in it, and it is to F. Pech himself that we owe
the knowledge that he is the author of it, for I have seen two copies of it from
Pech himself and inscribed ‘‘ Pech Catalogue”’ with his autograph and regards
to those to whom it was presented. The Catalogue is an obscure little pamphlet
with pale blue covers, containing 25 pages of names of plants, the pages averaging
about 65 names, so that the total number of species for Missouri as listed is not
far short of twelve hundred, including the Musci, Hepatics, Lichens, Fungi, and
Algae,of which there is'a large representation, and for that day and time it was
a won derful achievement.

As already noted, this Catalogue remained unknown, or almost unknown,
up to the present time, and the reason for this was that the Department of Agri-
culture buildings were shortly afterwards destroyed by fire, and all copies of the
Catalogue, except those distributed by Pech, and the entire Pech collection of
plants and other natural history objects were lost. No trace of the Catalogue
of the Pech collection of plants now remains at Washington, D. C., and the iden-
tity of his species must forever remain a question of doubt.

It is the mosses of this Catalogue that I particularly wish to discuss, and
these number seventy-eight, of which sixty-six are from Missouri, a long list for
Missouri at that time—and, indeed, a long list for any state. As but few of my
readers have ever seen this Catalogue I herewith reproduce the list of mosses

exactly as given, except that for convenience I have prefixed numbers to the
names.

1Sargent, C. S. Crataegus in Missouri II. Ann. Rpt. Mo. Bot. Gard. 22: 78. Feb. 14
IQI2.

aes eee oe

Sphagnumy Gas cee eee Cymbifohum,(Dill)) see Louisiana, Mo.
Gymnostomum......:.-...Curvirostrum, (Hedw.)) 4. e320.0 Louisiana, Mo.

———........... Coccineum, ee: sare ae a Louisiana, Mo.
Rhabpdeweisiay 2 fe ee Fugax, (Bea sae .. Louisiana, Mo.
IDICKANUMNIte &. 0 3 ct eee Scoparium, (Lin.).. inh iy an Louisiana, Mo.
——— .ecseeeeceee Orthocarpons 3s 0. eee Louisiana, Mo.
Ceratodon: ....3..e an Pe Purpureum, (Brid)): 4,7; 20. Louisiana, Mo.
Leucobry ui, oo. tin ete Glaucum, (Hamp;). 2.0 ade ee Louisiana, Mo.
Fissidensen. 08 oases eee Subbasilaris,, (Hedw.)). 75 ace Louisiana, Mo.
eee Taxifolius (Hediw.). ...2.. . eee Louisiana, Mo.
Trichostomitim... vom 2 Palhdum, (Hedw:).-2. 23. ee Louisiana, Mo.
Barbancho cp eee Unguiculata, (Hedw.)......0.%. Louisiana, Mo.
Didymodonteyw.e toe Rubellus, (Bi& 5:).o. ce Louisiana, Mo.
$$ eee rerccceee Rupestre, (Pech)... -. 22% 2a Louisiana, Mo.
POCA eatin es eo Truncata, (BA&'S2).. eee Louisiana, Mo.
SREtraplss 4 204 a anemone Pellucida, (Hedw.) 2.2). Louisiana, Mo.
Enealy ptanss. soe. cre: our Ciliata, (Hedw:)...... eae Louisiana, Mo.
DPrumondia. 2 oc. ee eee Clavellata, (Hooker) ..) 33 Louisiana, Mo.
Orthotrichum.............. (Hutelinsiae,-(Smith): 4 Louisiana, Mo.
Schistidium ye tee eee Apocarpon, (B. & Si) ee Louisiana, Mo.
Atrichtaim Scone act ee Undulatum, (Beatv.)-3 eee Louisiana, Mo.
Povonatunaae on ea) Brevicaule, (Brid.)... 225 eeu Louisiana, Mo.
Polytrichum:. 3... . |\Comme«ne, (iim) 2.485. eee Louisiana, Mo.
————————.............. Formosum, (Hedw?) =?) 22220 Louisiana, Mo.
——————. ...... 00s. Juniperinum, (Hedw.2) cro eae Louisiana, Mo.

.. Louisiana, Mo.

iimmiase se

SN OUn, eee Piliferum, ((Schreb.) 7s {ee

Mo.

..Megapolitana, (Hedw.)..

.. Louisiana,

AmlacomiiOnat a ya ee Heterostichum, (B. & S. 5.) eres . Louisiana, Mo.
Palustre, (Sch. Ne oe os aL SOUS Tie ene
I Bit blae es ates aire Se Roseum, (Schreb.).. Oa ethee sae eae Louisiana, Mo.

Argenteum, (Lin.)) 3 eee Louisiana, Mo.
Cernauum, (bledw: tte wer ee .. Louisiana, Mo.

Voie seen ee ee Punctatum, (Hedw.). een Louisiana, Mo.
eee: Prumondi, (B. & SS) eee Louisiana, Mo.
Aen ee ee Cuspidatum, (Hedw.).......... Louisiana, Mo.
Bartramia Oedert, (Swartz)... 5. eee Louisiana, Mo.
a aN Pomiformis, (Hedw.)............ Lowisiana Mie:

Leen eae Fontana, (Brid.)...:..... 7... Denise os

Funaria » Kdygrometrica, (Hedw,). 00 nee Louisiana, Mo.
Be pai as Flavicans, (Michx.)........... -Weuisteme eo:
eucodonme.es aa Juwlaceus, (Sullitv.) aes oe ee Louisiana, Mo.
Anomodon Obtusifolius,. (B. & S:)........... Hbouistamar tina:
Attenuatus, (ElUDS)....). 1 nome Louisiana, Mo.

Ibeskease: tt me Rostrata, (hledw) v.04 pea Louisiana, Mo.
“Wthehian s shen w a oe Hirtella, (Giledw.) 2.02% oe eee Louisiana, Mo.
ee eee Lescurii, (Sull.)... 03... 0... Ji¢e4e eouieiemeeeay tare
Pylaisiags ot, ta Intricata, (Bryol) von aaa Louisiana, Mo.
Cylindrothecium Cladorhizans:;«(Bryol-ywic. iene Louisiana, Mo.
re Seductrix, (Bryol.).......>+. >. Loutsigga ie
Climatium Americanum, (Brides... = aa Louisiana, Mo.
Hy pum. 4 ee Protensum,: (Wichix. osu. tae oe Louisiana, Mo.
———..................Minutulum, (Hedw.)........... Louisiana, Mo,
ae Sine cele eles Strigosum,\(Holim:). 7.2 ae Louisiana, Mo.
a ein ker A a Boscii, (Schw.)................ » OTH Siaiaemennas

To beter hc ee ea ead Drigquetrum, (lig). a .Louisiana, Mo.

Pu tet EAR DANE Recurvans, (Schw:)........... .. Louisiana, vio.

eee ........,........EBugyrium, (Bryol.)............ Louisiana, Mo.
eo .................Acuminatum, (Beauv.)......... Louisiana, Mo.
eee Sam Serpens, (Hedw.) DS Gk AN oes Oper Louisiana, Mo.
BO ...e ee e IRadicales (bride. ses Louisiana, Mo.
Gi. ————_ ............. 1... -Noterophilum, (Sirlin) eee ees: Louisiana, Mo.
62, ———__...................Denticulatum, (Lin.)........... Louisiana, Mo.
eo es... ericeum, (Lin.)............... Louisiana, Mo.
tem ee Conmuantavunas (Hediw.) Ors a... Louisiana, Mo.
oe www... -erttulatum, (Hedw.)........... Louisiana, Mo.
oe. ,....,............Polyanthos, (Schreb.).......... Louisiana, Mo.

No. 1. Evidently intended for Sphagnum cymbtfolium Ehrh., a species of
the Northern and Eastern States, not collected by any other person in Missouri,
and is probably an error of determination or of locality.

No. 2. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states, although it has been reported from Allenton, Cliff Cave, and Crescent,
in the Engelmann Botanical Club List.

No. 3. Is not identifiable, as it probably was only a herbarium name of
Pech’s.

No. 4. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states, and has not since been collected in Missourt. Apparently Pech did not
collect Weisia viridula (L..) Hedw., a very common species on the ground in
meadows and pastures, so I presume he must have mistaken this for Rhabdoweista.

No. 5. Possibly correct, although the typical form is rare or absent in
Missouri, the variety pallidum L. & J. being common on rocky ground in East-
ern Missouri.

No. 6. I am unable to determine whether Pech meant this for Dicranum
orthocarpum Austin or for Dicranum orthocarpum Hedw., two species of the
Northern and Eastern states not known for Missouri. Apparently Pech did
not collect any species of Dicranelia, one of which, D. varia (Hedw.) Schimper,
is very common on the ground in Missouri, and it may be that this was collected
and mistaken for a Dicranum.

No. 7. Evidently Ceratodon Wire Brid., a common species on clay
banks in woods in the State.

No. 8. Evidently intended for Leucobryum glaucum (L.) Schimp., a com-
mon species on rocky ground in woods in Eastern Missorui.

No. 9. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states, although reported from Allenton in the Engelmann Botanical Club List.

No. 10. Probably correct as this is a common species on dry banks in woods
in Missouri. Two other species of Fissidens, F. adiantoides and decipiens are
common on the ground in woods in the State, but apparently overlooked by Pech.

No. 11. Probably correct, the Ditrichum pallidum (Screb.) Hampe, a
fine conspicuous species on rocky ground throughout the State.

No. 12. Probably correct although not often collected on account of its
small size. It is a little curious that Pech collected none of the larger species of
Barbula, particularly B. caespitosa Schwaegr., a conspicuous species so common
on rocky ground in Eastern Missouri.

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No. 13. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states; no specimens having been collected in Missouri since then that are cer-
tainly referable to this species, although specimens collected at Pleasant Grove,
in 1900, have been referred to it.

No. 14. Not identifiable, as it probably was only a herbarium name of
Pech’s. The mere citing of Pech as the author of this species and of No. 3, and

of a number of species of fungi farther on in this Catalogue, shows clearly that _

Pech was the author of the catalogue.

No. 15. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern

states, and has not been collected since in the State. Apparently Pech did not
recognize nor collect any species of Astomum, two species of which, A. Sullivantit
Schimp., and A. crispum (Hedw.) Hampe, are common on the ground in pastures
and fields in Missouri, and I suspect that one or the other of these was mistaken
by Pech for Pottia.

No. 16. Possibly correct, as it has been collected at several localities in
Eastern Missouri, but is very rare. Apparently Pech did not collect any species
of Physcomitrium, although P. turbinatum (Rich.) Brid. is abundant in meadows
and old fields everywhere in the State, and P. Drummondu Britton is common
in similar situations.

No. 17. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states, and has not been collected in the State since.

No. 18. Probably correct, as this species is common on trees in Eastern
Missouri.

No. 19. Intended no doubt for Weissia americana Lindb., and very doubt-
ful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern states, and it has not been
collected again in the State. Pech apparently did not collect any species of
Orthotrichum, although O. Braunit and O. ohioense are common on trees in
Eastern Missouri, and O. Porteri Austin is very common on rocks throughout
the State. It is possible Pech mistook one of these for Wetssta.

No. 20. Probably correct, and what we now call Grimmia apocarpa (L.)
Hedw., a common species on flat rocks throughout the State. Pech apparently
did not find G. campestris Burch., a handsome attractive species common on
sandstone boulders in Eastern Missouri.

No. 21. Probably correct, and what is now named Catharinea undulata
(L.) W. & M., a conspicuous species on moist banks in woods, and very likely
including the tall-capsuled form, Catharinaea undulata altecristata (R. & C.),
(Atrichum undulatum altecristatum R. & C., Bot. Gaz. 15: 58. 1890), which is
usually found with the specific form and which had not yet been described. A
still more common species of Catharinaea, C. angustata Brid., of similar situations,
apparently was overlooked by Pech.

No. 22. Probably correct, as it has been found on sandy walls of ravines
in several localities in Missouri.

No. 23. Very likely correct, as it is a very common species on rocky hills
in Eastern Missouri.

No. 24. Probably correct and what is now called Polytrichum oltoense R.
& C., a common species on rocky ground in Eastern Missouri.

ren ead Sm

\

No. 25. Evidently intended for Polytrichum juniperinum Willd., but very
doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern states, although re-
ported for several localities around St. Louis in the Engelmann Botanical Club
List.

No. 26. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states and has not again been collected in Missouri.

No. 27. Very likely correct, as this is a large fine species of wet banks
along the wooded bluffs of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, although not
often collected.

No. 28. Probably correct, as this species is commen on the ground in
Eastern Missouri.

No. 29. Evidently intended for Aulacomnium palustre (L.) Schwaegr., but
very doubtful, as this species is not certainly known north of the lowlands of
southeastern Missouri.

No. 30. Very likely correct and what is now known as Bryum ontariense
Kindb., a fine handsome species of rich shaded woods along bluffs throughout

the State, but not often collected.

No. 31. Without doubt correct, as the species is very common on the
ground everywhere in the State.

No. 32. Evidently intended for Bryum pendulum Schimp. (Bryun cernuum
Br. & Sch.), as there is no Bryum cernuum Hedw., and very doubtful, this being
a species of the Northern and Eastern states and no other specimens have been
collected in Eastern Missouri since then. Apparently Pech did not collect more
than three species of Bryum, which is rather strange, considering the number in
the State, some of them very common, particularly B. caespiticium L.

No. 33. Very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern
states and no other specimens have been collected in the State.

No. 34. Very doubtful, as this is also a species of the Northern and Eastern
states and no other specimens have been collected in Missouri, and I suspect
that this and the last preceding have been collected elsewhere.

No. 35. No doubt correct, as this is a fine species on shaded ground through-
out the State.

No. 36. Evidently intended for Bartramia Oederiana Swartz, but very
doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern states, and no other
specimens have been collected in the State.

No. 37. Very likely correct, as this species is common on wet banks in
Eastern Missouri.

No. 38. Evidently intended for Philonotis fontana (L.) Brid., and very
probably correct, as this species is common in springy places throughout the
State.

No. 39. Probably correct, as this species is very common on the ground
everywhere in the State.

No. 40. Probably ccrrect, although not often collected in Missouri.

No. 41. Probably correct, as this species is common on trees in Eastern

Missouri.

No. 42. Very likely correct, as this species is common on rocks along the
bluffs of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers.

No. 43. Very likely correct and more common than the last preceding
species in similar situations.

No. 44. Evidently intended for Anomodon rostratus Hedw., a species still
more common than the last two preceding. Apparently no species of Leskea
were collected by Pech, although two species, L. gracilescens Hedw. and L.
polycarpa Ehrh. are common on bases of trees in woods throughout the State.

No. 45. Possibly correct and evidently intended for Thelia hiriella Sulliv.,
as there was no genus 7helia in Hedwig’s time, and I assume that Pech intended
to write Sullivant instead of Hedwig.

No. 46. Possibly correct, and evidently intended for Thelia Lescurti Sulliv.,
thus showing that he was aware of the genus Thelia Sulliv. Another species of
Thelia, T. asprella Sulliv., does not appear to have been collected by Pech, although
it is very common on trees throughout the State. Concerning the date of Pech’s
collection, no evidence appears in the Pech Catalogue, but ulterior evidence
exists showing that he made the collection during the years 1842 and 1843. As
to the time when the Catalogue was prepared, the mere listing of Thelia alone
indicated that it was after Sullivant established that genus in 1858, and after
Pech had left Louisiana, Missouri, and had taken up his residence in Washington,
DG.

No. 47. Probably correct, and evidently intended for Pylatsta tntricata
Br. & Sch., which is now known as Pylaisiella Schimperi Grout, the common
species on old logs and trees throughout the State, but not the Pterigynandrum
intricatum of Hedwig, an European speices.

No. 48. Evidently intended for Cylindrothecium cladorrhizans Schimper,
and what is now called Entodon cladorrhizans (Hedw.) C. Muell., and very prob-
ably correct, as it is a common species on rocks and trees throughout the State.

No. 49. Evidently intended for Cylindrothecium seductrix Sulliv.,and what
is now known as FEntodon seductrix (Hedw.) C. Muell., another very common
species in dense woods along the bluffs of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers.
Another species of Entodon, E. compressus C. Muell., appears not to have been
collected by Pech, although not uncommon on old logs in woods along the Mis-
souri River bluffs to St. Louis. Still another species, Platygyrium repens (Brid.)
Br. & Sch., sometimes called Entodon repens (Brid.) Grout, common on old logs
in deep woods along the Missouri River bluffs, seems to have been overlooked
by Pech.

No. 50. Certainly correct, and the only correct determination of this
species in Missouri, all others naming this Climacium dendroides (L.) W. & M.,
which is a species of the Northern and Eastern states.

No. 51. Evidently intended for Thuidium recognitum (Hedw.) Lindb., and
probably correct.

No. 52. Evidently intended for Thuidium minutulum (Hedw.) Br. & Sch.,

but very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern states and has’

not been collected again in Missouri. Several other species of Thuidium appear

» a

to have been overlooked by Pech, the common T. microphyllum (Sw.) Jacq. om
old logs in deep woods and the beautiful conspicuous T. delicatulum (L.) Mitt.,.
so common on the ground in Eastern Missouri.

No. 53. Evidently intended for Hylocomium triquetrum (L.) Br. & Sch.,
but not indicated for Missouri, or if so, very doubtful, although the species has.
been collected several times in Shannon County by the writer.

No. 54. Evidently intended for Eurhynchium strigosum Br. & Sch., and
very likely correct, as this species is common on the ground in rich wodds along
the Missouri and Mississippi rivers.

No. 55. Evidently intended for Eurhynchium Bosci J. & S., now called
Cirriphyllum Boscw (Schwaeg.) Grout, and very probably correct, as this fine
large species is common on rocks in Eastern Missouri. No other ‘species of
Eurhynchium appears to have been collected by Pech, although FE. hians and
E. praelongum are common in the State on the ground in rich woods along the
bluffs of the Missouri River.

No. 56. Evidently intended for Raphidostegium recurvans Br. & Sch., now
called Sematophyllum recurvans (Rich.) Britton, and very doubtful, as this is a
species of the Northern and Eastern states and has not since been collected in
Missouri.

No. 57. Evidently intended for Hypnum eugyrium Schimp., and very
doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern states and has not been collected.
since in this State.

No. 58. Evidently intended for Brachvthectum acuminatum (Hedw.) Kindb.,
and very likely correct, as this is an extremely common species cn wet banks in
dense woods throughout the State. Apparently Pech did not collect any other
species of Brachythecium although B. oxycladon (Brid.) J. & S. is very common on
damp banks in rich woods, and B. salebrosum (Hoffm.) Br. & Sch. is fairly com-
mon in similar places.

No. 59. Evidently intended for A milystegium serpens Br. & Sch. and prob-
ably correct, although I know of no other collection in Eastern Missouri.

No. 60. Evidently intended for Amblystegium radicale (L.) Br. & Sch.,
as I know of no Hypnum radicale Brid., and probably correct, although no other
collection is known from Eastern Missouri.

No. 61. Evidently intended for Amblystegium noterophilum Holz., and
very doubtful, as no other specimens are known from Eastern Missouri, although
specimens collected at Webb City by the writer in 1909 are doubtfully referred
here. Other species of Amblystegium, particularly A. adnatum, fluviatile, ortho-
cladon, riparium, and varium, all very common species of wet woods or shallow
water, appear to have been overlooked by Pech.

No. 62. Evidently intended for Plagiothecium denticulatum (\.) Br. &
Sch., but very doubtful, as this is a species of the Northern and Eastern states,
and I have seen no authentic specimens from this State.

No. 63. Evidently intended for Homalothecium sericeum (L.) Br. & Sch.,
but very doubtful, as it has not been collected again, and, if of this genus, is.
referable to H. subcapillatum (Hedw.) Sulliv.

— 60 —

No. 64. Evidently an error of determination or of locality, as no other
collecticn of this species had been made in Missouri, and I suspect Pech had
mistaken for this species either H. chrysophyllum Brid. or H. hispidulum Brid.,
neither of which, though very common, are listed by him. Another fine species
of Hypnum, H. curvifolium Hedw., so common on rocky ground in Eastern
Missouri, and H. Patentiae Lindb., of similar situations and range, appear to
have been overlooked by Pech.

No. 65. Evidently intended for Rhynchostegium serrulatum L. & J., and .

very likely correct, as this species is common on the ground in woods throughout
the State. Another species of Rhynchostegium, R. deplanatum, Schimp., common
in similar situations, does not seem to have been collected by Pech.

No. 66. Evidently intended for Pylatsia polyantha (Schreb.) Br. & Sch.,
now known as Pylatsiella polyantha (Schreb.) Grout, but very doubtful, as this
is a species of the Northern and Eastern states, and no other specimens are
known from Missouri.

CouRTNEY, MIssourl.

MOSSES, HEPATICS, AND LICHENS OF THE QUARTZITE HILLS OF
THE KAMOURASKA FORMATION, QUEBEC, CANADA

Fr. M.-VICTORIN

In the counties of Montmagny, l|’Islet, Kamouraska and Temiscouata, the
St. Lawrence lowland is broken by a few sharp elevations that can hardly fail to
attract the attention of the passing tourist on account of their very peculiar shape.
The rocks of this formation have been of late studied by Mr. John A. Dresser of
the Geological Survey! and provisionally separated from the Sillery in which
they were included.

The Kamouraska formation as it is now commonly called, consists in a:

series of detached hills which are seldom more than 300 feet high and a couple
of miles in length, and most of them are much smaller. In the ground plan they
are much flattened ellipses, the longer axes running in a northeasterly direction.
In structure they are sharply folded anticlines, slightly overturned towards the
northwest, giving a general dip to the southeast of about 75°. They are also
domed so as to give a pitch of 15° or 20° to the northeast and southwest near
the ends of many of the hills. The course of the chief glaciation has been nearly
at right angles to the trend of these ridges, and the central parts of some of the
domes have been broken away by the ice, leaving the extreme ends of a hill pitch-
ing away from each other, sometimes separated by a drift covered interval.
The Gros Pélerin Island offers a good example of an ice-notched dome.

The Kamouraska quartzite is fine, even-grained, light-colored, and weathers
to an almost pure white, very striking in the landscape. Quartz is usually the

1 John A. Dresser. Reconnaissance along the National Transcontinental Railway in Southern
‘Quebec. Geol. Surv. Canada, Memoir No. 35. I912.

Pca eal 4: A

LS san oe

Ii,

only mineral that can be distinguished in the hand specimen, but in places the
quartzite contains nodules of dolomitic sandstone. These nodules disintegrate
more rapidly than the quartzite under the action of the atmosphere, and givea
pitted surface in exposed places. Interstratified with the quartzite above de-
scribed are beds of conglomerate from a few inches to 25 feet in thickness. The
matrix of the conglomerate is a dolomitic sandstone and the included pebbles
are limestone, slaty sandstone, quartz, and occasionally granite, apparently
Laurentian.

No botanical work has been done up to the present time on these peculiar
hills, except the collecting of a few Phanerogams by Penhallow.t The writer
has had the opportunity to collect both Phanerogams and Cryptogams during the
season of 1913 and 1914 on the easternmost representatives of the group in Temis-
couata: the Hospital Hill and Mt. Pilot at Riviére-du-Loup; several unnamed
hills at St. Arsene and Cacouna; and two of the Pilgrim Islands: ‘‘Gros Pelerin”’
and ‘‘Pelerin du Milieu.”’

The object of this paper will be to give a brief account of the mosses, hepatics,
and lichens of this particular habitat.

The quartzite hills bearing but few and dwarfed trees and being but huge
masses of snow-white rocks, maintain typical xerophytic associations of plants,
and for this reason the Mosses and Hepatics are comparatively scarce. The
Lichens are the plants best adapted to such dry situations and, as a matter of
fact, they are numerous both in species and individuals. Cladonza is richly
represented and almost all American species of Gyrophora can be found. The
following is a list of the species of Cryptogams recorded and whose identity has
been ascertained.

MosseEs

Amblystegiella adnata (Hedw.) Nichols. Gros Pélerin Island. This plant
is very variable according to habitat but is readily distinguished from closely
related species by its rhombic cells.

Anomodon attenuatus (Schreb.) Hueben. Gros Pélerin Island: Mt. Pilot.
Very common.

Anomodon rostratus (L.) Hedw. Mt. Pilot. This Anomodon is a remarkable
feature at the base of the quartzite hills, and its ecology is worthy of some at-
tention. It has been stated above that the quartzite beds have a general dip
to the southeast of about 75°. It ensues that the northern face is not only steep
and precipitous, but very often overhanging, thus inducing the formation of a
damp and sheltered belt at the foot of the cliff. There, Anomodon finds its opti-
mum life conditions, and it thrives to an extent unknown elsewhere, forming
uninterrupted velvet underneath the slanting quartzite beds. It is also inter-
esting to observe the mode of growth, which is well disclosed at the edge of the
extensive patches. The primary stem runs along a strictly straight line, issuing
but very few short flagelliform branches, and tightly clinging to the substratum
by means of its sucker-like rhizoids. But as the mat thickens with age it can be

1D. P. Penhailow. Flora of Cacouna. Can. Rec. of Science 4: 360.

— (7 =

easily removed, probably owing to the partial destruction of the deeper parts
which are then deprived of light.

Bartramia pomiformis (L.) Hedw. Mt. Pilot. A very beautiful moss with
peculiar globose capsules not met often in this habitat. It prefers the damp walls
of river cliffs. Common in the Laurentide district. .

Calliergon Schrebert (Willd.) Kindb. Riviére-du-Loup. Quartzite hills.
A ubiquitous moss that can live in very dry places.

Dicranella heteromalla (L.) Schimp. Mt. Pilot. Ducranella is typical on
the quartzite hills, while at a very short distance, on the seashore cliffs it passes
to the variety orthocarpa (Hedw.) E. G. B. which is the alpine form of the species.

Dicranum undulatum Ehrh. Mt. Pilot. Commen.

Drepanocladus uncinatus (Hedw.) Warnst. Gros Pélerin Island. Common.
The species of Drepanocladus are generally water-loving. D. uncinatus is less
exacting as to moisture. D. vernicosus (Lindb.) Warnst., and D. Wilsonz (Sch.)
Roth., are also met in the region but not on the quartzite hills.

Grimmia apocarpa (L.) Hedw. Gros Pélerin Island. Fruiting on the
boulders of the seashore.

Hedwigia albicans (Web.) Lindb. Mt. Pilot. This moss on account of its
xerophytic adaptations is the leading form of plant life on the quartzite hills.
It spreads on extensive ledges where absolute siccity prevails.

Hypnum fertile Sendt. Gros Pélerin Island. This moss is common in this
habitat, though it is rare elsewhere, and its presence seems to be conditioned
more by the subarctic factors of the seashore than by the quartzite-hill habitat
itself.

Hypnum imponens Hedw.. Gros Pélerin Island. Growing very luxuriantly
in this locality.

Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) B. & S. Gros Pélerin Island. What has been
said of H. fertile applies to this arctic-alpine moss which is sometimes considered
as the northern form of H. reptile Mx.

Leskea polycarpa Ehth. Gros Pélerin Island. Common.

Leucodon sciuroides (L.) Schwaegr. Gros Pélerin Island. Abundant there.
This moss is very seldom collected.

Myurella Careyana Sulliv. Gros Pélerin Island. This is an uncommon
moss, growing chiefly on calcareous rocks. The products of the disintegration
of the dolomitic nodules included in the quartzite, could perhaps acccunt for the
presence of Myurella on Gros Pélerin Island.

Neckera pennata (L.) Hedw. Mt. Pilot.

Pohlia cruda (L.) Lindb. Gros Pélerin Island. Growing with Myurella
Careyana, and having the same preferences for limestone. It is considered as a
subalpine species.

Polytrichum commune LL. var. uliginosum Huebener. Mt. Pilot. This
variety characterized by its leaves which are spreading-reflexed when dry is
characteristic of peat bogs and high altitudes. It is considered as rare outside
of the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Coast. Its presence in Eastern Quebec
is indeed worthy of record.

Sphagnum capillaceum (Willd.) Schrank. Gros Pélerin Island.
Ulota crisba Brid. Gros Pélerin Island. On trees.

HEPATICS

Frullania Asagrayana Mont. Mt. Pilot; Gros Pélerin Island. Though we
have collected Frullania extensively in Temiscouata, all our specimens have
turned out to be F. Asagrayana. It is a remarkable fact that F. Eboracensis, so
common in western Quebec and in the Laurentides, is missing here.

Porella platyphylia (L.) Lindb. Mt. Pilot. Common.

Ptilidium ciliare (L.) Nees. Mt. Pilot. On rocks.

Ptilidium pulcherrimum (Web.) Hampe. Mt. Pilot. Very common.

LICHENS

Alectortia jubata (L.) Ach. Gros Pélerin Island. Growing with Usnea
dasypoga.

Cladonia alpestris (L.) Rabenh. Caccuna hills; Mt. Pilot. This boreal
species is closely related to the ubiquitous C. rangiferina L., but its powdery snow-
white balls render it of easy recognition. |

Cladonia coccifera (L.) Hoffm. Riviére-du-Loup. Quartzite hills. On
rocks. |

Cladonia decorticata (Flk.) Spreng. Gros Pélerin Island).

Cladonia fimbriata (L.) Fr., var. cornuta Ny]. Gros Peélerin Island.

Cladonia foliacea (Huds.) Schrad., var. alcocornis (Light.) Schaer. Mt.
Pilot. Confined to silicious rocks.

Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Scrad., var. pinnata (Flk.) Wain. Gros Pélerin
Island.

Cladonia gracilis (L.) Willd., var. gracillima Norrl. Riviére-du-Loup, on
quartzite hills. Gros Pélerin Island. In very dry situations. A very luxuriant
form is this fine species.

Cladonia rangiferina L. Riviére-du-Loup, on quartzite hills; Mt. Pilot;
Gros Pélerin Island; Cacouna, on quartzite hills. The commonest of Cladonias.
Cladonia uncialis (L.) Web. & Hoffm. Mt. Pilot; Gros Pélerin Island.

Cladonia verticillata Hoffm. Riviére-du-Loup, on quartzite hills; Mt. Pilot.
‘Cosmopolitan.

Gyrophora erosa (Web.) Ach. Riviére-du-Loup, on quartzite hills.

Gyrophora hyperborea Ach. Mt. Pilot. Arctic-alpine species.

Gyrophora Muhlenbergit Ach. Riviére-du-Loup, on quartzite hills.

Gyrophora vellea (L.) Ach. Mt. Pilot. Analpine species. Ne other locality
known in eastern Quebec. Occurs in the Monteregian Hills.

Nephroma arctica (L.) Fr. Gros Pelerin Island. We have found splendid
fruited specimens of this large arctic-alpine Lichen, on exposed rocks. It was
growing with other distinctly boreal plants such as Hypnum pallescens and Cornus
Suecica.

Parmelia saxatilis (L.) var. furfuracea Schaer. Mt. Pilot; Gros Pélerin
Island. Both typical P. saxatilis and its variety were recorded from both local-
ities.

Peltigera aphtosa (L.) Hoffm. Gros Pélerin Island. Growing with Ne-
phroma arctica. i

Peltigera canina (L.) Hoffm. Gros Pélerin Island. Common.

Physcia pitynea Nyl., var. pulverulenta (Schrad.) Nyl. Riviére-du-Loup,
on quartzite hills.

Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. Gros Pélerin Island. This species is now
known from Alaska to Mexico, and from Labrador to the Carolinas.!

Umbilicaria pustulala (L.) Hoffm. Mt. Pilot. Growing with the different —

types of Gyrophora.

Usnea dasypoga (Ach.) Nyl. Gros Pélerin Island. On trees. Charac-
terized by its fibrillose thallus.

For various information and the critical study of some of the specimens
mentioned above, the writer owes much indebtedness to Rev. H. Dupret, p. s. s.,
of the Seminary of Philosophy, Montreal, to Mr. Geo. B. Kaiser, of Germantown,
Pa., to Dr. Geo. H. Conklin, of Superior, Wisc., and to the late Dr. H. E. Hasse,
of Santa Monica, Cal. To all these he extends his most sincere thanks.

LONGUEUIL COLLEGE, QUEBEC.

ADDITIONAL NOTES UPON NEW MEXICAN HEPATICAE 2
PauL GC. STANDLEYV

The list of New Mexican Hepaticae published recently by the writer in
THE BRYOLOGIST®? was based upon material obtained by various collectors in
the last few years. It was not deemed practicable to search out the references
in literature because the publications upon North American Hepaticae are so
scattered and the New Mexican material available for citation so scanty. Dr.
A. W. Evans, however, has kindly communicated certain New Mexican refer-

ences which make a very considerable addition to the published list. It seems ©

desirable that these additicns should be recorded.

Grimaldia fragrans (Balb.) Corda. Underwood‘ reports this from New
Mexico, the specimen collected by Fendler, no definite locality being given. Some
of Fendler’s plants (1846-47) were collected in Kansas and Oklahoma, although
all the labels are headed New Mexico. It is very probable that this specimen
came from the mountains east of Santa Fe where Fendler obtained most of his
plants.

Asterella fragrans (Nees) Trevis. This species, likewise, is reported from
New Mexico by Underwood! upon the basis of one of Fendler’s specimens, no
definite locality being cited.

Lophozia lycopodioides (Wallr.) Cogn. Collected in the Las Vegas Range
at an altitude of 3300 meters by Cockerell.

1R. H. Howe, Jr. North American Spcies of Ramalina. BRryoLtocist 17: 2. Jan. TOT4.
2 Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

318: 81-83. IOI5.

4 Bot. Gaz. 20: 68. 1805.

Poreila platyphylia (L.) Lindb. Concerning the material reported by the
writer under this name Dr. Evans writes: ‘‘I have recently been studying the
specimens of Porella from New Mexico and it seems to me that they hardly
represent the true P. platyphylla. In all probability they ought to be referred
to P. platyphylloidea instead. Unfortunately the most important distinction
between these species is found in the elaters and none of the New Mexican
specimens which I have seen have mature capsules. The gametophytic char-
acters, however, correspond better with those of P. platvphyllotdea.’’ Dr. Evans.
states that he has material of this plant collected on the West Fork of the Gila
River, New Mexico, in August, 1903, by O. B. Metcalfe (No. 490), and that
specimens collected by Fendler were distributed by Austin (as Madotheca rivu-
laris var.) as No. otc of his Hepaticae Boreali-Americanae.

Frullania mexicana Lindenb. Reported from New Mexico by Evans,? the
specimens collected on an oak at Cloudcroft, August, 1899, by Wooton. This
collection was reported earlier as F. inflata Gottsche.*

Frullama Wrightit Austin, Bull. Torrey Club 3: 35. 1872. The type is.
said to have been collected in New Mexico by Charles Wright in ‘‘1861”’ (doubt-
less 1851). Many plants have been referred erroneously to New Mexico as the
result of the misleading labels of Wright’s ccllections of 1849-52, the specific name
““neomexicana,’”’ for instance, having been applied to several plants not known
to grow in the State. Although many of Wright’s specimens were ccllected in
Texas, Arizona, Chihuahua, and Sonora, all were distributed with labels implying
or definitely stating that they came from New Mexico, a decidedly loose use of
the name, even for that time. The chances are favorable that this hepatic came
from the vicinity of Santa Rita, a locality at which Wright spent much time and
one better suited to the growth of hepatics than most of the regions he explored.
Dr. Evans states that Frullania Wrightizt is a doubtful species and may be only
a form of F. riparia.

The writer is under obligations to Dr. Evans for the data cited above. It
thus appears that five species are to be added to the seven repcrted previously.
Very probably still others may be found by a careful search of literature.

U. S. NATIONAL Museum, WASHINGTON, D. C.

LICHENS OF THE MT. MONADNOCK REGION, N. H.—NO. 7
THOMAS DURFEE

Genus: Pertusaria DC.
128. Pertusaria multipuncta (Turn.) Nyl. 16 specimens.
129. P. communis IC. 10 specimens.
130. P. velata (Turn.) Nyl. 16 specimens.
131. P. glomerata (Schleich.) Schaer. 1 specimen.
1 Bot. Gaz. 20: 61. 1805.

2 BRYOLOGIST 18: 72. I015.
3 BRYOLOGIST 13: 36. 1910.

132. P. pustulata Duby. 1 specimen.
133. P. amara (Ach.) Nyl. 3 specimens.
134. P. opthaliniza Nyl. I specimen.
135. P. letoplaca (Ach.) Schaer. 6 specimens.
136. P. Wulfenu (DC.) E. Fr. II specimens.

Genus: Pyxine (E. Fr.) Nyl.
137. Pyxine sorediata Fr. 1 specimen.

Genus: Lobaria (Schreb.) Hue.
138. Lobarta pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. 3 specimens, all fertile.
139. L. amplissima (Scop.) Arn. 3 specimens, all fertile.
140. L. querizans Michx. 2 specimens, both sterile.

ConcorpD, Mass.

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY NOTES

The attention of members is called to the following changes in the List of
Members published in the January number: Add—Miss M. Edna Cherrington,
-96 Gordon Ave., Hyde Park, Mass. Change—Mrs. J. F. Merrill to Mrs. Ethelwyn
F. Merrill.

The following New Members have been added to the list: Miss Lillian Dyer,
104 Hemenway St., Boston, Mass.; Mr. J. Evans, Box 62, Grant Orchards,
‘Washington.

Just as we go to press, word comes of the death in April last of Miss Cora
H. Clarke, of Boston, a member of the Society of long standing and active in
furthering its work. We hope to issue a further notice in September.

Mr. C. C. Plitt writes that the first twenty-five of the duplicates of Lichens

from the Hasse Herbarium are about ready for distribution, and requests that
those interested in subscribing for the various fascicles communicate with him
-at once.

BE. BG

SHORTER NOTES

The latest issue of ‘‘Broteria’’! to arrive contains the following of interest
to members of the Society. On pages 89 to 123, J. Cardosa, Jr., lists the crypto-
gams of Cape Verde, enumerating 7 species of hepatics, 17 of mosses, and 47 of
lichens, besides the ferns, with an extensive bibliography. :

ADVERTISEMENT ANNULLED

Too late for change of the advertisement, the set of Austin’s Muscr Appa-
lachiana offered by Mr. Rau has been sold, hence this note, to avoid unneces-
“sary correspondence.

1 Broteria, Vol. XIII: tors. Fasc. ii e iii.

t
— a ee ee ee

a

ee ae ee

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By Elizabeth Marie Dunham

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for use without a microscope—throws open a

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A set of Austin’s MUSCI APPALACHIANI, about 450 specimens,
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VOLUME XIX NUMBER 5

eee OVS pee
=, SEPTEMBER, 1916 —<

THE BRYULOGIST

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIE Kysonian insz

Conducted and Published for the Society by OS Cc
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-C of ACT? 1916 a

Associate Editors

’ ah
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D. @tio al M used
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER.M%.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE. Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CONTENTS

Fossombronia crispula in the Dune Region of Indiana

Ee Ja 507
Mosses Rare in Philadelphia G. B. Kaiser 69
A Correction in Nomenclature _ I. Hagen 7
Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dum., in the Open George L. Moxley 70
Demetrio’s Missouri Mosses Benjamin F,. Bush 71
Cora H. Clarke Annie L. Read 73

Reviews—Dunham, How to Know the Mosses’ J. M. Holzinger 74
Renauld & Cardot, Mosses of Madagascar J. Cardot 75

Roell, Thueringer Torf- und Laubmoose
J. M. Holzinger 76

Shorter Notes 78
Meeting of the Sullivant Moss Society SI
Sullivant Moss Society Notes 82
Exchange Department 82

‘Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1916, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE JULY NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST waAs PUBLISHED JULY 25, 1916.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35. Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Single copies, 25cents. Vols. I- XVIII, 1898-1915, $17.75.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

Checks, except New York City, MUST contain 10 cents extra for collection
fee. Manuscripts should be sent to Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Forms close on the first of the month prior to that
of publication. Subscriptions and advertisements should be sent to Dr. O. E.
Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.

ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith ... 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr, €.-C: Plitt,. Lichens = aoa
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.; Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,
Foreign Exchanges, 18 W. 89th St., New York City.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

Pee bie cOLOGrs iN 4

None MIX SEPTEMBER, I916 No. 5

FOSSOMBRONIA CRISPULA IN THE DUNE REGION OF INDIANA
eae Jt

In 1898 two stations were found for a pseudo-foliaceous hepatic which at the
time was referred to Fossombronia crispula Austin. The first of these stations is
in the town of Westchester, Porter County, two or three miles eastward from
Dune Park, and is in the area ‘“‘between Dune Park and Mineral Springs, Indi-
ana (G. S. Bryan, 1914)”’ lately given for it by Dr. A. W. Evans in some ‘‘ Notes
on New England Hepatice” in Rhodora 17: 105. 1915. In the notes he records
some localities for the species outside of New England, in addition to that near
Batsto, New Jersey, the type locality, the only one recorded for it until quite re-
cently. Shortly after obtaining it near Dune Park, I came across it again about
three miles east of Tolleston, Lake County. This would bring it close to the city
of Gary, since built there. This station is a few miles west of the former and in
the county at the northwestern corner of the state. The dates of the two collec-
tions are, respectively, September 19 and September 23, the plants in both places
being in good fruiting condition. The habitat, as recorded in my notebook, was
‘““moist or wettish ground of sloughs,’’ the water of which had been dried away,
as usually happens in the shallow sloughs and ponds of the dune region at this
time of the year. The soil is prevailingly of a peaty nature, the peat mixed with
a little sand washed down, or blown in, from bordering but generally fixed dunes
with an open vegetation. The slough east of Tolleston was one of the aquatic
grass or sedge type, the vegetation in tufts or bunches, or in little hummocks,
with bare spaces between them on which the liverwort grew. I do not recall that
of the Dune Park station, whether of this or of the sphagnum bog type, both of
which are frequent there.

The stems of the hepatic were 2 to 4 mm. long, closely cespitose, variously
forked or branched, or simple, ascending or prostrate, or with the base prostrate
and the tips curving upward and semi-erect; well provided with vinous colored
rootlets. The leaves are erect-spreading, or curving outward and upward, sub-
quadrate, or the upper more obovate-quadrate, strongly wavy-crisped, sometimes
emarginate, the edges entire to somewhat crenulate. The leaves at the ends of
the stems and branches are rather bright green, but fade out and become paler
or whitish below. The perianth is campanulate, its leaves wavy-crisped, their
edges often more or less indented. The capsule is brownish, globose, almost
sessile, immersed or the tip slightly rising above the perianth. The spores are

The July number of the BRYOLOGIST was published July 25, ro16.

Oy)

*
&

gs

SG Oats

yellowish-brown and tawny, orbicular to oval-orbicular, somewhat flattened or
discoidal, the surface muricate-reticulate, the reticulations forming a blunt or
toothed rim around the edge resembling a crest.

The most decisive factor in the determination of the species is the form of the
elaters. They are very small, short, cylindrical, straight or occasionally slightly
curved, the ends very obtuse. There is a single feeble spiral. These characters,
according to the rather meager literature at hand at the time for determination,
did not accord with any but those of F. crispula of Austin.*

A favorite place of growth for the plants in the Tolleston locality was the
vertical sides of holes left in the mud by the feet of cattle. These were evidently
made when the mud of the dessicated slough had reached a consistence that kept
it from collapsing and the sides from falling in on the withdrawal of the fcot.
They were often quite well covered by plants. From its place of growth and its
habits, it is evidently an annual, the spores starting the new plant when the
ground becomes dry enough for the processes of vegetation. In such situations
as these sloughs present, the ground is covered with water for six months or more,
from the beginning of the autumnal rains in October or November until evapora-
tion by the heat of the summer in June or July, or by its slow escape by seeping
through the sands, such sloughs being commonly without surface drainage.
Such being the case it becomes a question of interest in what life condition the
plants pass the wet season. Unless the holes made by the feet of cattle last from
one year to another or through the winter season, as hardly seems probable from
their apparent freshness and the soft nature of the bottom, it seems as if the spores
survived in the water and, lying or lodging in the bottom, were, so far as the holes.
were concerned, pressed into them by the hoofs of the cattle. Either the spores.
must have a structure capable of enduring this long soaking, or, germinating in
the fall, the new plant must undergo these submerged conditions. But it is more
likely an annual like Ricciacee of similar habit, such as Riccia crystallina, com-
mon on the clayey mud, sometimes quite dry and hard, of dessicated pools and
sloughs of the region of argillaceous till, and a terrestrial form of Ricciella fluitans
var. canaliculata (Hoffm.) Lindenb. I have found a single station for the latter ina
slough by the railroad about a mile east of the Dune Park station. When the
water dries away and recedes from its borders, the terrestrial plants can be found,
making little rosettes similar to those of R. crystallina, but smaller. The common
floating form is seen at the same time on the water or wetter mud. If the sum-
mer continues too wet one looks in vain for the fruiting form, the stage of water
continuing too high. Like these the Fossombronia fruits late in the season and
appears on the mud after the summer heat has removed the water. In contrast
with these it may be noted that Ricciocarpus natans, whose floating forms fruit
freely, matures spores in the early summer, as early as June.

7100 EGGLESTON AVE., CHICAGO, ILL.

* The descriptions were those of Underwood, one in the 6th edition of Gray’s Manual of
Botany, the other in his ‘‘ Descriptive catalogue of North American Hepaticz North of Mexico,’”
published in the Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Naturai History, Normal, Ilinois,
2: 60. 1884.

MOSSES RARE IN PHILADELPHIA
GEORGE B. KAISER

The study of almost any locality will reveal peculiarities in the distribution
of moss species which furnish food for thought and conjecture concerning the
why and wherefore of their occurrence in given places, while in other places ap-
parently repeating exactly the same conditions of soil, moisture, and exposure,
they are altogether absent.

For instance, in the city of Philadelphia, in clefts of granitic rock along the
Wissahickon Creek, there are several stations for Rhabdowetsia crispata (Dicks.)
Kindb.—long confused with Rhabdowetsia fugax (Hedw.) B. & S.—an alpine,
subalpine, or mountain moss which is very rarely found in the lowlands. I have
searched the clefts of granitic rocks for miles about, but have discovered no other
growth of the same species. This moss does not fruit, but vegetatively subsists
in these few spots restricted to a limited area.

On a northeasterly facing bank, also along Wissahickon Creek, for five years
Buxbaumia aphylla L. grew in a colony which increased from 10 to 70 capsules,
then decreased, altogether disappearing after 1914. Its neighbors were Dicranella
heteromalla (Hedw.) Schimp., sparse Catharinaea angustata Brid., and immature
specimens of a species of Cladonia. Although almost numberless banks of a sim-
ilar nature have been carefully observed for years, I have found Buxbaumuia else-
where only in one locality in Delaware County and in the Poccno Mountains
near Tobyhanna. How and why did the spores find these rare banks congenial
substrata? Webera sessilis (Schmid.) Lindb.—though of much more frequent
occurence—also seems to display a certain whimsicality in the banks it chooses,
leaving scores of similar banks bare of its presence.

There are many rocky stream-beds in our neighborhood, but in only one—
that which flows through Highland Glen, near Chestnut Hill—have I ever noted
the presence of Eurynchium rusciforme (Neck.) Milde. In only one place on
rocks near the Wissahickon Creek have I detected non-fruiting patches of Tortella
tortuosa (L.) Limpr., and the hepatic Jubula pennsylvanica (Steph.) Evans grows
to my knowledge in but one streamlet, where it covers perpendicular dripping
rocks.

How are these anomalies to be explained? I have found Rhabdowetsia cris-
paia elsewhere no nearer than in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, Bux-
baumia aphylla very rarely anywhere else, Eurynchium rusciforme and Tortella
tortuosa elsewhere no nearer than the Delaware Water Gap, and Jubula pennsyl-
vanica in only that one glen beside the Wissahickon Creek.

By painstaking explorations of our own neighborhood each of us may bring
to light many interesting facts in regard to the distribution of the bryophytes.
It is hoped that all members of our Sullivant Moss Society may be on the alert
and that, in future, they may have something to say concerning the rarities which
. occur perhaps at the very threshold of their homes.

508 Locust AVE., GERMANTOWN, PA.

SO

A CORRECTION IN NOMENCLATURE
I. HAGEN

On looking over the moss lists given in Seemann’s Botany of the Voyage of
H. M. S. Herald (1852), I became aware of a new species from Alaska named
Polytrichum cavifolium, by the description of which I was struck. As this has
been neglected in all the subsequent bryological literature, I transcribe the Daeesee
in question (pages 44-45) here:

“Polytrichum cavifolium Wils. mss.; caule simplici breviusculo, foliis
dissitis oblongo-ellipticis integerrimis concavis acutiusculis nervo angustiore —
parce lamellato, capsula subcylindrica incurviuscula peristomio longiore,
calyptra nuda.—P. levigatum Hook. et Arn. in Bot. Beech. p. 133. Kotze--
bue Sound.

This species differs from P. levigatum of Hook. Musc. Exot. in having the capsule longer
and narrower, not contracted at the mouth, teeth of the peristome twice as long, leaves longer
and narrower, less obtuse, almost apiculate, margin entire, not crenulate.”’

While among the characters adduced those taken from the sporogone are individ-
ual and do not hold as specific ones, the description of the leaves permits no doubt
as to the identity of the plant: they are precisely those by which Psilopilum
tschuctschicum differs from Ps. levigatum; the entire margin of the leaves, the
narrow nerve with fewer lamellz, and indeed also the almost apiculate summit of
the leaves, are fully sufficient for determination. According to this the name Ps.
tschuctschicum must be changed into |
Psilopilum cavifolium (Wils.) Hagen
Syn:—Polytrichum levigatum (haud Wahlenb.) Hook. & W. Arn. in
Bot. Capt. Beech. Voy. p. 133. (1841). fide Wils.
Polytrichum cavifolium Wils. in Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald. p. 44.
(1852).
Catharinea tschuctschica Mill. Hal. in Bot. Centralb. 16: 93. (1883).
CEC:
NATURAL History Museum,
TRONDHJEM

LUNULARIA CRUCIATA (L.) DUMORT., IN THE OPEN
GEORGE L. MOXLEY

On June 7th, last, I noted a hepatic growing freely in front of a house in the
southeastern part of Los Angeles. Upon examination it proved to be Lunularia
cruciata (L.) Dumort. It is noted in our local lists as being “‘common in green-
houses,’’ but in this case it covers about 30 square feet on the north side of the
house and seems in the shadiest part to be crowding out the lawn grass and is also
growing freely on the bricks of the foundation of the house. I have not yet noted
it in fruit, but expect to keep watch of this most interesting find.

Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, AUG. 7, 1916

DEMETRIO’S MISSOURI MOSSES
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BUSH

I have just received from Rev. Father Demetrio a copy of a reprint of ‘‘A
List of the Mosses Collected in Various Parts of Missouri,” from the BRYoLocIst,
10: 103-106. November 1907.

This interesting paper occupies about three pages, and includes 100 species
and varieties of mosses, distributed among 51 genera, and is all the more interest-
ing in that it is the first published list devoted exclusively to the mosses of Mis-
souri. The fact that this list includes exactly 100 species, at least 60 not previously
reported, many of them rare, or at least but little known, and the omission of
many common species and varieties, leads one to believe that this list was intended
as an initial publication only, to be followed at a later date by another list. It
will, no doubt, be of interest to note some of the more common species omitted
by Demetrio, which it would seem impossible not to have collected and recorded.

One of the more common species omitted from the list is Dicranum sabule-
torum, common everywhere from St. Louis south to Wayne County and west to
Taney County. Fissidens cristatus is common to all the hill country in Southern
Missouri, but it is not given in the list. Another very common species to all the
Ozark hills is Leucobryum albidum, in some places so abundant as to cover the
ground, but Demetrio does not give it in his list. There are two species of
Barbula not given in his list, B. squarrosa and B. ruralis, the first very common
to all the Ozark hills, the last common on rocks all over southern Missouri.

The delicate little tree-mcss, Ptychomitrium incurvum, so common on oak
trees in the Ozark region, is not given in Demetrio’s list, nor are Orthotrichum
Portert and O. ohtoense, the first being common on top of flat boulders, the last
common on oak trees in the Ozark region. In the genus Physcomitrium, only one
species is recorded, but I can not understand how P. Hookeri and P. Drummondii
could have been overlooked, as both are common on damp ground throughout
the State. No species of Bartramza is given in his list, but B. pomtiformts is com-
mon on gravelly or rocky ground throughout southern Missouri. Philonotis is
not represented in the list, but P. fontana is a very noticeable species found around
nearly every spring or springy place in the State. Demetrio apparently neg-
lected the large handsome Timmia, common along shaded banks in the State,
and the similar Catharinea undulata, so abundant on damp shaded banks through-
out the State, is also omitted.

One of the most striking species of moss in southern Missouri is Polytrichum
commune, common everywhere on rocky hills, not given in Demetrio’s list. Two
species of Anomodon, A. rostratus and A. attenuatus, are abundant in many places
in woods in the State, on old logs, tree trunks, and on rocks, but both appear to
have been neglected by Demetrio. Another very common moss in the State is
Entodon cladorrhizans, a species found in woods on old logs, dead trees, and decay-
ing wood, but it is not given in the list. One of the most conspicuous species of
moss on rocky ground in the Ozark region is Thuidium recognitum, but Demetrio
seems to have overlooked it, as well as T. microphyllum and T. virginianum.

Three common species of Amblystegium, A. orthocladon, A. radicale, and A.
varium, are not given in Demetrio’s list, and, as these are very common species in
wet ground, I do not see how they could have been overlooked. The attractive
little Hypnum, H. Patientiae, so common on damp rocks in the Ozark region ap-
pears to have escaped the attention of Demetrio, for it is not in his list.

It is true that a number of notes on Missouri mosses had been published
previous to Demetrio’s list, and references to species found in the State by
Renauld and Cardot, Cardot, Mrs. Britton, Best, Grout, Lesquereux and James,
Paris, and myself, but none of these were lists of Missouri species.

Probably the first knowledge of Missouri mosses we had was when Drum-
mond in 1841 published or distributed his Musct Americani (S. States), of which
21 species were collected in Missouri, some of them being type specimens. Of
these 21 species, 4 were new species and have not been collected in the State
again, 5 were common species, 7 others have not been collected in the State since
then, 1 has been collected once in the State by one other collector, and 3 have been
collected by but 3 other collectors in Missouri. Demetrio collected 8 species of
those collected by Drummond.

Dr. F. Pech’, in 1842 and 1843, made a large collection of plants at Louisiana,
Missouri, among which were 66 species and varieties of mosses, in 42 genera, which
were included in a Catalogue of plants published by the U. S. Department of
Agriculture in 1866. Of these 66 species and varities quite a number were doubt-
fully determined or were errors of locality, as no one has since collected these
species in Missouri, and of the more common species Demetrio has collected 30.

In 1884, Lesquereux and James published their Manual of the Mosses of
North America, in which 6 species of mosses were credited to Missouri, 4 of these
having been previously recorded and 2 being new; Demetrio collecting but 1
of these species.

In 1892, Renauld and Cardot published their Musci Americe Septentrio-
nalis, in which 15 species are credited to Missouri, evidently based on the collec-
tions of Drummond, Cope, and Hall, and of the 15 cited for Missouri, Demetrio
has collected 6. In 1892, Cardot published his Monograph of Fontinalis in which
one more species new to Missouri is given, but this is also given in Demetrio’s
list. Between 1892 and 1907, many genera of mosses were revised and many new
species were described, and 21 species were recorded for Missouri, only 1 of these
being collected by Demetrio.

From the very first publication by Drummond in 1841, up to the time Demet-
rio published his list, there had been recorded 120 species and varities of mosses
for Missouri, of which number Demetrio records 40, the remaining 60 being
newly recorded.

Only two species of Demetrio’s list are given as determined by himself, the
determinations of the others being credited to 8 other bryologists, and, as there
seem to be several things worth recording about this interesting paper, I think
they will be very appropriate here.

1 The Mosses of the Pech Catalogue—Missouri. BRYOLOGIST 19: 52-60. July, 1916. B. F.
Bush.

~~ oe eae

et a Ad

The first species recorded by Demetrio, Ephemerum crassinervium, may be
E. spinulosum, and, if either, is not the species collected at St. Louis by Drum-
mond.

Demetrio gives two species of Phascum in his list P. bryoides pilifera Schultz
and P. piliferum Schreb., but the former I have been unable to locate in the
Paris Index. In 1891 Demetrio collected P. cuspidatum americanum R, & C.,
which he does not give in his list, and it may be that the first species of Phascum
of his list, or both species, belongs to this new variety.

Demetrio lists Microbryum Floerkeanum, determined by Cardot, which
seems to me to be only another collection cf Phascum cuspidatum americanum.
Two species and one variety of Dicranum are given in the list—D. fulvum, D.
scoparium, and D. scoparium orthophyllum. The first named may have been
determined by Cardot as D. fulvum, but in 1896, eleven years before Demetrio
published his list, Cardot described this collection as D. subfuluum, which Dem-
etrio neglected to list. D. subfuluum may not differ in any way from D. fulvum,
but not having seen the type specimens I can not say. D. scoparium is very
rare in Missouri, if not wanting altogether, and the variety orthophyllum listed
by Demetrio may be an error of determinaticn, for the Paris Index does not give
this variety for North America.

One species and a variety of Ceratodon are given in this list, C. purpureus
and C. purpureus aristatus. The specific form is common all over the State on
clay banks, but the variety cited dees not occur west of New Jersey. There is,
however, a variety that has been found in Missouri, C. purpureus xanthopus,
_and, if Demetric’s specimens are not the specific form, I think they may belong
here.

The rare little Physcomitrium immersum, collected by only one other collector
in Missouri, was recorded by Mrs. Britton as collected at Emma, Mo., in 1894,
thirteen years before Demetrio published his list, but he must have overlooked it.

Six species of Brachythecium are given in Demetrio’s list, but one more might
have been given, for B. oxycladon dentatum is recorded as collected by Demetrio
in 1897, ten years before he published his list.

No species of Bryhnia is given in Demetrio’s list, but B. graminicolor Holz-
imgert is credited to Demetrio in 1898, nine years before the publicaticn of his
list.

CouRTNEY, MIssowurt.

CORA H. CLARKE
ANNE L. READ

Through the death of Cora Huidekoper Clarke on April 2d, last, the Sulli-
vant Moss Society has lost a member so devoted and of such long standing, that
more than passing comment seems called for.

Miss Clarke was the daughter of the Rev. James Freeman Clarke, and came
of a family distinguished for force of character and intellectual culture, her grand-

father being one of the founders of the Meadville Theological Seminary. She
began her botanical studies in the school of Horticulture in Jamaica Plain, con-
tinuing them by special courses under Gray, Goodale, and Farlow. Her activi-
ties, hcwever, were not limited to botany alone, but extended to insects and min-
erals. On all of these she wrote many short papers, and one considerable article,
a monograph upon the habits and life history of the caddis fly. Her careful ob-
servation, painstaking notes, and photographs gave her work great value.

She was a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sci-
ence, and a member of the Council of the Boston Natural History Society. For
more than thirty-five years she was the leader of the Botany Group of the New
England Wemen’s Club, to which she imparted her own enthusiasm for the study
of all plants, giving assistance to all with a characteristic lack of ostentaticn.
Likewise characteristic of her was the financial assistance that she. gave to the
publication of several papers. Her collections will be divided among the vari-
ous societies of which she was a member.

BOOK REVIEWS
How to Know the Mosses
By Elizabeth Marie Dunham!

This is a volume of 287 pages. As is announced on the title page, it is “A
popular guide to the mosses of the Northeastern United States.” It contains keys
to eighty genera, and short descriptions of over one hundred and fifty species,
with special reference to the distinguishing characteristics that are apparent with-
out the aid of a lens.

Dr. Grout has written his ‘‘ Mosses with a Hand Lens”’ in an effort at enlist-
ing a larger number of field bctanists with limited equipment for minute exam-
ination in the study of these rather ubiquitous denizens of field and woodland.
This book by Mrs. Dunham, promises even a little better: it deals entirely with
the gross aspect of mosses, as we meet them out of doors, without the aid of a
hand lens.

The nomenclature followed is that of Dr. Brotherus, in Engler & Prantl’s
Pflanzenfamilien. The list of books used for reference excludes Lesquereux and
James’ Manual and Barnes’ Key to Mosses.

In her commendable zeal to enlighten nature lovers, the writer, after treating ©

preliminary matters, such as the branching of stems, the shape and disposition
of leaves and of capsules, gives even a ‘‘ Key to distinguish mosses from hepatics
and lichens. ”’

Pages 41-69 include two keys: first, a leaf key; second, a capsule key, both
to genera. The student is from these keys referred by number to the eighty
numbered genera, pages 73 to 257, to verify or correct the key determination.

Certainly these keys have the very excellent feature of emphasizing and
calling attention to the mode of cccurrence, substratum, and general fieldaspect
of the genera of mosses treated in a way that will be helpful even to the mcre ex~-

1 Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company, 4 Park Street, Boston, Mass. Price $1.25 net.

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perienced field student and collector. The book ought to be especially helpful
to high school and college botany teachers who include some field work in their
courses, as they should. And whereas, at present, the moss students in any one
state can, on the average, be counted on the fingers of one hand, Mrs. Dunham’s
book is likely to increase them to hundreds.

The book does not pretend to take up the pigmy genera like Archidium,
Astomum, Bruchia, Ephemerum, Micromitrium, Phascum, and Sphaerangium.
It even omits Ptychomitrium, Rhabdoweisia, Seligeria, Zygodon, Coscinodon, Dicra-
nodontium, and Dicranoweisia, genera represented by species in the geographic
area treated; still, the stimulus from it should be felt in every state east of the
Rocky Mountains.

The typography is clear and excellent. The illustrations scattered through
the book are helpful to beginners. The accents for the frequently long technical
names are given with great fidelity to classical principles. However, I wish here
to correct two errors in accent. One is on page 156: Catharinea needs to be
accented on the penult, because this is long, being a diphthong. The other is
on page 213: Drepandcladus must get the accent on the antepenult, because the
“‘a” of the penult is short in quantity, as given in the Greek lexicons, in xAG60¢,
a shoot or branch. On page 220, the varietal name Mackayi ought by rights also
te be accented on the penult; but here usage has probably some claim to fix the
accent on the antepenult.

Winona, MInn., AUG. I, 1916 Joun M. HoLziIncEer

Mosses, in the Natural History of Madagascar
By Renauld and Cardot

“Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar, publiée par A. et
G. Grandidier: Vol. xxxix. Mousses, par F. Renauld et J. Cardot. I vol. gr. in
Ato, de 560 pages et atlas de 187 planches. Prix: 467 fr.50. Librairie Hachette
et Cie., 79 boulevard St. Germain, Paris.”’

After the death of M. Renauld, M. Cardot was forced to continue this great
work alone, but fortunately it was finished a few weeks before the opening of the
war. In consequence of the outbreak of the war, the printing of the work which
was started near the close of 1913, has just been completed. The systematic
portion is preceded by two chapters dealing with the topography, climate, geol-
ogy and bryo-geography of Madagascar. The systematic portion itself includes
the description of nearly 550 species, of which more than half are endemic. Each
description is accompanied by the necessary synonomy, and by more or less ex-
tended critical notes. A rather large number of species are described for the
first time, as well as one new genus upon the authority of M. Cardot alcne, since
it was only reccgnized after the death of his collaborator. In the 187 plates, 360
species are figured.

Only 150 copies are placed on sale, 100 of which are reserved solely for the
subscribers to the complete work.

Paris, MARCH 26, Ig16. J. CARDOT

Die Thueringer Torfmoose und Laubmoose und ihre
geographische Verbreitung!

Von Julius Roell. 1915

This volume issued in the spring of 1915, without mcre exact date, consists
of two parts, separately paged. The first part, designated as Allgemeiner Teil,
of 263 pages, is a reprint from “‘ Mitteilungen des Thiiringer Botanischen Vereins,
Neue Folge, Heft XXXII, 1914, S. 1-263. The second part, designated as Syste-
matischer Teil, the author informs us at the very close of the introduction to part
one, is reprinted from ‘‘ Hedwigia, 1915, Bd. LVI, Heft 1-3, and has 287 pages.

It is impossible in a brief statement to our American bryclogists to do even
partial justice to this remarkably charming publication. I say advisedly “‘charm-
ing,’’ aware as I am that sentiment lies outside of science. The charm of this
truly scientific treatise lies in the sustained personal enthusiasm of the writer,
maintained for forty-five years, that breathes from every page.

The first part is a veritable storehouse of connected information about Euro-
pean bryologists for nigh onto a century and a half, with special emphasis, of
course, on those with whom Dr. Roell has had, and still has, personal intercourse;
with whom he has roamed the length and breadth of the haunts of mosses, ob-
serving, debating in friendly converse, both in field and from his laboratory, the
relationships and the numerous problems arising from the study of mosses. After
mentioning Nonner, Planer, Bridel, Nees v. Esenbeck, K. Miiller in Halle, and
many others, a list of over sixty names, he gives in faithful detail what each con-
tributes to the work in hand, the rare species found, the additions of species new
to the area. We learn that A. Roese (+1873), a teacher in Schnepfenthal near
Gotha, first introduced the writer to the study of mosses, as far back as 1866.
Dr. Karl Schliephacke (+1913) gave him first help in the study of Sphagna.
Even the members of his family are appreciatively mentioned.

The region discussed in such interesting detail lies well near the heart of Ger-
many, and this in more than one sense. What historic memories spring up at
sight of the Wartburg, of Weimar, of Jena! JLuther, Goethe, Haeckel, and many
others known in the great world, have lived here. Yet, the author silently and
modestly leaves unmentioned this fact, that within this limited area some of our
great historic thinkers have lived. It is largely hilly country, being traversed
from N WtoS E by the Thueringian Forest. Well watered forests interspersed
with porphyritic crags afford mcst diverse scenery.

The chief and distinctive merit of Dr. Roell’s publication is due to the fact
that all his life he has been a persistent and consistent field student. He lives up
to his ideal of recognizing mosses in all their variations in the field. To him, a
species is, not a.thing, but a conception, capable of being enlarged or narrowed.
Too generally the closet-student—one that knows not the field—makes a herbar-
ium specimen the all-satisfying basis of a species: whatever disagrees at any
point must be something else, a variety or another species. Aberrant forms are

1 See, also, review by A. L. Andrews in Bryotocist for September, 1915.

Se ee aS

sedulously suppressed or re-baptised. This, the author contends, is to be avoided
by field study, by allowing a range of normal variation. He is rather severe on
men like Dr. Warnstorf, who lean on herbarium specimens for an excuse to multi-
ply varieties. Especially in the Sphagna does he urge and practice collecting and
preserving series. His dictum is ‘‘The study of forms is not labor lost. Who-
ever neglects this task, errs.’’ And he declares that only the thorough field
student, who acquaints himself with physical and climatic influences on organic’
life becomes able to elaborate the relation of mosses to all nature ina general Bryo-
geography. One understands after this consideration, why the author’s chap-
ters, in the first part, on climatic influences, and geognostic relations of mosses
are so full of living interest. His observations on hygrophile, skiophile, photo-
phile messes; on masses seeking calcareous soil, siliceous soil, salt soil, humus,
rocks of various composition, black and light colored soil, wet and dry soil, shady
and sunny soil, bark and wood, on city pavements and in villages—all give a
deeper insight Into the conditions of the life of mosses.

In this whole work the idea of species-making is subordinated to the study
of life conditions. The numbered systematic list of 536 species in the first part
is given merely to show their distribution in the four zones he establishes in his
area.

In the second, the systematic part, which is accompanied by a map showing
the distribution of the Sphagna, Dr. Roell scores with amusing mildness the
reprehensible practices of certain bryologists—and other botanists—of juggling
with plant names largely for the purpose of getting their names attached to new
combinations. In no real sense is any botanist the father of a new combination
when he has simply transpcesed specific names to a new genus, rightly or wrongly.

The problem of varieties receives intelligent attention also here, as must be
expected from so keen an observer of mosses in the field. Unfortunately we can-
not here enter into details. After discussing the rise of varieties in the last section
of part one, the author has a closing chapter on ‘‘Explanations by the Darwinian
Theory.’’ While he finds that it is possible to explain many phenomena in
mosses, especially in the Sphagna, by the struggle for existence, by adaptation
to external influences, and the subsequent heritability of acquired characters,
etc., this theory is still not sufficient to explain many other facts, and he concludes
with the reflection that ‘‘ Natural Science is not called upon to explain everything,
but must often be content with the establishment of that which Nature offers for
study.”’ In this establishment of the facts of Nature, Dr. Roell has rendered
surely a notable service.

The nomenclature of Sphagna is discussed with great detail. In the first
part, referring to the North American Flora, Dr. Roell expresses satisfaction over
the reduction of numerous Warnstorfian ‘‘herbarium species”’ of this genus edited
by Prof. A. LeRoy Andrews of Cornell; and while he approves on the whole
Andrews’ treatment of this genus, he disagrees with the treatment of the Subse-
cunda group.

In the general question of nomenclature Dr. Roell goes with Brotherus, S. O.
Lindberg, and Limpricht. He recognizes in the class MuscI three subclasses,

—78—

namely Sphagnacee, Andreeacee, and Bryacee, including here Archidium. The
Bryales fall into the two groups of Acrocarpi and Pleurocarpi. His 135 genera
are included under 27 families.

The special part begins with page 50. The Sphagna are most exhaustively
treated. There are diagnostic keys for his six ‘‘groups’’ and for the species under
each group. Under Bryacee only the larger families, and the larger genera, have
such keys to their respective subdivisions. The chief task of the author is the
record, under each species, of its geographic and gecgnostic occurrence.

The whole is the work of a lover of Nature, and of a keen observer and untir-
ing worker. In his analysis of this moss flcra, in part one, the author compares
his area with the outlying regions, recording species that persisted since the Ice
Age, those that came in from the South, the West, the North, and the East:
thus giving an exhaustive view of the epochal movements of these interesting
organisms since geological time.

JoHn M. HOLzINnGER.

WINoNA, MINNESOTA.

SHORTER NOTES

All students of lichens will be interested in the article! by Dr. Bernt Lynge,
which starts publication in the last issue of the Nyt Magazin to come to hand.
Realizing the great value of accurately determined specimens in the case of
Lichens, plants that differ in many cases but slightly, and the difficulty of putting
such differences into words, Dr. Lynge has long had in preparation an index of the
various published collections. There are considerably more than a hundred
known exsiccati that contain Lichen material wholly or in part, and the present
work attempts an exhaustive catalogue. This is to be in two parts; the first con-
taining a list of the exsiccati under the respective authors; the second, an alpha-
betic index of all species and varieties. In the present instalment Dr. Lynge
makes a beginning of the first part, listing Anzito Britzelmayr. With each cita-
tion is given the complete title of the series, the date, number of specimens, bibli-
ographical references, and a complete list with numbers of the material comprised
in the work. BBs aes

In two of the recent issues of Broteria M. Luisier,? the veteran bryologist, con-
tributes under the title ‘‘Fragments de bryologie ibérique,’’ several short notes.
These comprise the following: Description, with two figures, of Desmatodon
meridionalis n. sp. from South Portugal, a minute plant apparently related to
D. cernuus; Note upon the distribution of Triquetrella arapilensis, recording two
additional localities for this species, a representative of a genus previously con-
sidered as belonging exclusively to the southern hemisphere; Description, with a

1 Index Specierum et Varietatum Lichenum, quae collectionibus ‘‘Lichenes Exsiccati’’ dis-
tributae sunt. B. Lynge, Nyt Magazin for Videnskaberne, Bd. 53: Hefte 3-4;1-112. (10915).

2Fragments de Bryologie Ibérique. A. Luisier. Broteria. 13: Fasc. 2, 3. 149-153.
(Dec. 1915). (24: Kasc. 1.95247) (April, 10x6,).

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fine figure, of Brachymenium lusitanicum (Luis.) Hag. n. sp., a representative of a
tropical genus that forms an interesting addition to the number of outliers which
have been discovered in Europe within the past decade; Notes upon nine species
that are new to the moss flora of Spain.

In the last issue of Broteria, Father Luisier continues these notes. The first
note describes and figures a new and remarkable species of Andreaea, A. crassi-
folia Luis., which seems to have its affinities with the species of the Southern Hem-
isphere belonging to the Section Enerviae of the Subgenus Euandreaea. A very de-
tailed description of the plants is given, two localities, one Spanish, the other Por-
tuguese. and a plate of the details of a fruiting plant. The remainder of Father
Luisier’s article deals with a list of Spanish or Portuguese localities for nearly
ninety species of Acrocarps (the Pleurocarps will follow in the next issue) repre-
senting the ‘‘débris”’ as the author puts it, saved from his extensive collections
and those at the Collége de Campolida when the latter was ransacked at the
founding of the Republic. The greater part of the list is merely a catalogue of
localities with a few notes upon relative abundance, but more extended mention
is made of Tortula Solmsit (Schimp.) Roth, Fissidens serrulatus Brid., Grimmia
trichophylla Grev., var Lisae (de Not.) Bottini, Rhacomitrium aciculare (L.) Brid.,
Rh. microcarpon Brid., and Philonotis calcarea. Aulacomnium palustre (L.)
Schwaegr. var. cincinnatulum Luis., is described as new. | yea eee C2

HEPATICAE PRESENTED TO THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN By MIss
HAyNES.—We learn from the Journal! of the New York Botanical Garden that
in connection with the Twentieth Anniversary Celebration of the New York
Botanical Garden, Miss Caroline Coventry Haynes presented to that institution
the collection of Hepaticae which she had purchased from Dr. M. A. Howe in
1909. The collection contained much European material and was especially
rich in Californian species, including most of the specimens cited in Dr. Howe’s
“The Hepaticae and Anthocerotales of California.’”” The collection included
altogether about 1850 pockets. OVE Te

In the February number of the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club (43:
63-81. Pi. z.) under the title, ‘‘ New and Rare African Mosses from Mitten’s
Herbarium,” Mr. H. N. Dixon describes ten new species from various parts of
Africa, ranging from Kilimanjaro to the Cape. There are also notes, critical or
‘descriptive, upon twenty other species, and one new combination. <A new sec-
tion, Gymno-ischryodon, is proposed in Fabronia. All but one of the new species
are illustrated in the accompaning plate. Be BC!

In the March issue of Torreya (16: 67-70. fig. rz.) Dr. Evans describes and
figures Metzgeria grandiflora, a new species from the Galapagos Islands. Ac-
cording to a note by the author this is the first species of the Metzgeriaceae to be
reported from the islands. 1a Ben Om

b]

An interesting paper on ‘‘Ceylonese Mosses’’ appeared in the Journal of
Botany, Sept.—Oct., 1915, by Mr. H. N. Dixon, this being an account of a collec-
ition of over 400 numbers secured by the Rev. C. H. Binstead during February

— 80 —

and March, 1913. The list includes Latin descriptions and notes in English for
the following new species: Dicranodontium sparsum Dixon, Fissidens aberrans
Broth. & Dixon, Macromiirium assimile Broth. & Dixon, Bryum ceylonensé
Broth. & Dixon, Camptochaete (?) thamnioides Broth. & Dixon, Acanthocladium
cevlonense Broth. & Dixon, Taxithelium Binsteadui Broth. & Dixon, T. tsopterygi-
oides Dixon, and Vesicularia caloblasta Broth. & Dixon. The article is accom-
panied by a plate including figures of all but one of the new species, and there
are included in the paper characterizations of two new varieties. Critical notes
are given on the characters or as to the synonymy of many of the species listed.
The article has been repaged in reprinting and there is no statement of its or-
iginal paging or the number of the volume in which the article apeared—these
omissions being likely to cause trouble in citation. Or Bale

Mr. H. N. Dixon contributes to the Journal of Botany (53: 16-23. Jan.,
1915) ‘Miscellanea Bryologica—IV,”’ in which he discusses critically some
Australasian species of Breutelia, concluding finally that Breutelia pendula
(Hook.) Mitt. is highly variable and includes in its synonymy five specific and
six generic names. JB. fusco-aurea Broth. is regarded as probably synonymous
with B. Stebert (Hornsch.) Mitt. Muicrothamnium cavefolium (Rehm.) Dixon is
described as a new species from South Africa; M. cygnicollum (Hampe) C. M.
is described for the first time, the name cited by Paris in the Index being a her-
barium name only; Neckera Hoehneliana C. M. is found to be distinct from N.
Hoehnelu C. M., the two being confused in the Paris Index, ed. 2, so that N.
Hoehneliana C. M. stands as a good species while the other plant belongs to
another genus and should be called Renauldia Hoehneli (C. M.) Broth.

On Bx

With the May issue of Torreya the publication of ‘‘Common Mosses Accord- -
ing to Habitat’ is brought to a close. The three articles deal with about a
hundred mosses common to the region about New York City. There are a few
introductory pages of general description and an explanation of the use of the
keys, after which the acrocarpous mosses are classified into five arbitrary habi-
tat-groups. Each group is then keyed out to genera or species by characters
drawn from calyptra, shape of capsule, and structure of the leaves. Following
this is an alphabetic list with brief descriptions, but no authorities, of the various
species. The pleurocarpous mosses are then treated in a similar manner. A
maturity table, resume of the habitat groups, glossary, and final list of all species
mentioned, completes the series of articles. as os Oe

Dr. Evans has again brought up to date the various new discoveries in the
hepatic flora of New England,? but as usual the extensive notes apply to a far

1Daisy J. Levy. Common Mosses According to Habitat. Torreya. 16: 55-67, 80-91,
IOZ-I15. figs. I-5. (1916).

2A. W. Evans. Notes on the New England Hepaticae,—XIII. Rhodora 18: 74-85,
IO3-I19. figs. I-40. (1916).

=— §7-——

wider territory. The article deals specifically with the five species, Scapania
Oakesii Aust., S. paludicola Loeske & K. Miill., Porella pinnata L., P. platy-
phylla (L.) Lindb., and P. platyphylloidea (Schwein.) Lindb., but there is much
incidental discussion of other species of the genera. Figures are given of all the
species of Porella discussed. ji oiag Oe

In a recent article,! based mainly upon collections made by the members
of the New York Botanical Garden, Dr. Riddle brings up to date our knowledge
of the lichen flora of Bermuda, more than tripling the number of forms previously
known. For completeness, reference is made to all previous reports and collec-
tions. Eighty six species and varieties are listed, of which almost eleven per
cent are endemic. Seven new species, one new variety, and two new forms are
described, and five new combinations made. Bap. Gs

Two collections of mosses frcm Peru have recently been studied by Mr.
Williams.? The list cites in most cases merely the specific name with data of
the specimens, but critical notes are given in some cases. Seventy-one species
and varieties are ncted, of which seven are proposed as new, all being figured in
the accompaning plates. One new combination is made. | Daye said Go

Our attention has been called by a recent note from Dr. A. LeRoy Andrews
to the death of Dr. Georg Roth which, according to Hedwiga, took place Decem-
ber 5, 1915, in his seventy-fourth year. Oni.

MEETING OF THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

As previously announced, there will be a meeting of the Moss Society in New
York during the Christmas vacation, 1916, in connection with the American
Association for the Advancement of Science. The probable date is December
27th or 28th, and it is expected that the meeting will be at Columbia University.
A later notice will be sent to each member.

BUT, do not wait for invitation: plan to come, and plan to contribute to
the program or to the exhibits. And, if attendance is impossible, send material
for exhibition purposes, short notes, and help things along. The Secretary can-
not send a personal appeal to everyone, but relies on voluntary contributions.
Those who plan to come or to contribute are requested to send notice to Mr.
Chamberlain as soon as practicable, so that proper accommodations for all may
be assured. Further notice will appear in the Bryologist, and will be sent by
mail.

1 Lincoln W. Riddle. The Lichens of Bermuda. Bull. Torr. Club. 43: 145-160. (1910).
2R. S. Williams. Peruvian Mosses. Bull. Torr. Club. 44: 323-334. Pls. 17-20. (1916).

—— Oe

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY NOTES

The following changes and additions are to be made in the membership list
of the Sullivant Moss Society issued in January.
Change addresses as follows:
Mire New Iwasaki a0 Fujita, Kurosakimachi, Ogagun, Fukuoka-ken, Japan.
Mir; Alfred (C:Kinsey., Seng shear So aon 391 Hyde Park Ave., Roslindale, Mass. -
Add new members:
Miss: Elotse, Butler: 3253 ee 720 Fourth St., Minneapolis, Minn.

Mit} Mi Grant = ei. phic, ost dass Guu atnees Gea i er Sequin, Wash.

MiussiPrances, E.. Newland. ace eee oe Pee 321 Court. St:;_Uticay Nie

Mis: oR Robertson, 3.20 2.) Pet is a eee 136 Buffum. St.; Buffale; Navy?
Resigned:

Miss. it “Mary.-i@ushiaam wits sic. Pee ae Nak one ee Reading, Penna.

Upon the occasion of sending in the article published in this number of the
Bryovocist, Mr. E. J. Hill writes that he is very feeble after a long-continued
illness. The BryoLoaist extends to Mr. Hill sympathy and best wishes for a
‘speedy recovery.

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings, to members of the Sullivant Moss Society, for postage—

Mr. C. C. Plitt, 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.—Ramalina reticulata
(Noehd.) Kremp., collected on Mt. Hamilton, California; also Usnea ceratina
Ach., offered by Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes of Birmingham, England, who collected
it in Switzerland, but for the offerings address Mr. Plitt.

Mr. Roy Latham, Orient, N. Y.—Lecanora subfusca rugosa (Pers.) Cromb.,
collected in New York.

Mrs. Elizabeth M. Dunham, 206 Windsor Road, Waban, Mass.—Hyloco-
mium umbratum (Ehrh.) Bryol. Eur., and Dicranum majus Smith, both with
fruit, collected in Maine.

Mr. Severin Rapp, Sanford, Florida—Bzatora sabuletorum F\k., and Biatora
niveocincta Merrill (sp. nov.), collected in Florida.

Mr. Edward B. Chamberlain, 18 West 89th St., New York City.—Anacolia
Webbit (Mont.) Schimp. st. Sicily, coll. Nicholson & Dixon, Pogonatum urm-
-gerum (L.) P. Beauv. forma. Wales, coll. Jones & Rhodes.

DUPLICATE LICHENS from te HASSE COLLECTION

The first 25 of the duplicate Lichens from Dr. Hasse’s collection will be
ready in September, and it is hoped to send out one fascicle every three months.
The price will be $5.50 per century; members of the Moss Society may secure
a century and credit for yearly dues for $6.50 ai one time. Prices include all
transportation charges.

The material in sight indicates at least ten sets of three centuries each,
though this is not guaranteed. Subscriptions will be filled 7 order received,
early comers get the preference. The material is above the average, almost
exclusively Californian, and all of Dr. Hasse’s personal! collection and naming.
Selection of material will be allowed ONLY when not breaking sets; in such
cases the price is $10.00 per century.

The first fascicle contains:

Arthonia polygramma Opeographa atra lichenoides

— punctiformis ——__—_—-——diaphora

Arthothelium taediosum Parmelia enteromorpha

Buellia alboatra ———— olivacea

Collema limosum Parmeliella lepidiota
nigrescens Pertusaria lecania

Cyphelium bolanderi Physcia stellaris

Gyrophora erosa Placynthium microphyllizum

Heppia leptopholis Porina plumbaria

Lecanactis californica Ramalina menziesii

Lecania syringea —— reticulata

Lecidea latypaea Rinodina angelica

Schismatomma hypothallinum
C. C. PLITT, = 3033 Lowndes Avenue, = BALTIMORE, MD.

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Magazines, or for Class Room Work.

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printed. Enlargements in all sizes.

Everything Photographic needed for Iliustration by Writers and Teachers.

WE CAN SUPPLY IT.
G. K. MERRILL, 564 Main Street, Rockland, Maine

FOR SALE

A number of books on Ferns, Mosses, Algae, Rhizopods, Infusoria,
Etc., some out of print and scarce. Also a collection of over 200
specimens of our native Ferns. For list and prices, apply to

BUGENE A. RAU, 170 Church St., BETHLEHEM, PA.

THE GUIDE TO NATURE

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with Uncommon Interest

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EDWARD F. BIGELOW, Managing Editor

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tion, 1916, including membership in THE AMERICAN FERN SOCIETY,
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Monthly; established 1870. Each issue averages about 50
pages and 2 or 3 plates. Devoted to botanical contributions
of the widest range; morphological, physiological, taxonomic,
ecological, and geographical. $3.00 a year.

TORREYA

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including publications, $5.00 a year.
Address, Treasurer Torrey Botanical Club,
BERNARD O. DODGE,
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VOLUME XIX NUMBER 6

THE BRYOLOGIST

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors

ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER~M:S.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CONTENTS

Drepanolejeunea, a Genus new to North American Hepaticae
Caroline Coventry Haynes 83
Notes on Fissidens—I. Difficulties in Determining the Oldest
Species Elizabeth G. Britton 87
Fungus Spores in a Moss-Capsule Elizabeth M. Dunham 89
Extracts from Recent Reports of the ‘‘Moss Exchange Ciub”’
O. &. Jennings 90
Bornean Mosses (A Review) J. M. Holzinger 94
A Hue and Cry for a Lost and Undescribed Hepatic
Caroline Coventry Haynes 95

Shorter Notes 96
The Hasse Lichens G6
Sullivant Moss Society Meeting 96
Sullivant Moss Society Election 97
Exchange Department 97

“Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1916, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THe SEPTEMBER NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST was PUBLISHED OCTOBER 4. 1916.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

a PR A PS ECS

RR ES

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35. Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Singlecopies, 25cents. Vols. I- XVIII, 1898-1915, $17.75.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

Checks, except New York City, MUST contain 10 cents extra for collection
fee. Manuscripts should be sent to Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Forms close on the first of the month prior to that
of publication. Subscriptions and advertisements should be sent to Dr. O. E.
Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.

ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith ... 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C. Plitt, Lichensaq32
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.; Mr. E. B. Chamberlain,
Foreign Exchanges, 18 W. 89th St., New York City.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all

correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

Tite BRY OLOGITS1

VoL. XIX NOVEMBER, IQI6 No. 6

DREPANOLEJEUNEA, A GENUS NEW TO NORTH AMERICAN
HEPATICAE

CAROLINE COVENTRY HAYNES

Drepanolejeunea bidens, that we welcome to our Flora, has hitherto been
known only in tropical America; western Europe possessing a similar case in the
closely-related Drepanolejeunea hamatifolia (Hook.) Schiffn.

Mr. Albert Ruth made collections of Hepaticae in Tennessee which were
determined by the late Professor L. M. Underwood. There were some “‘left-
overs” that he evidently reserved for future study and among these the pocket
“HG Mts. of E. Tenn. Ruth” containing in mixture a large Lejeunea called by
him L. clypeata and ‘‘+ Le}. (interesting)’’ as he designated the unknown. Within
the pocket a smaller one contained the latter species and was marked ‘‘6*’’. The
writer, while studying this little collection of ‘‘left-overs’’: the list of which will
be given below, was at once attracted by this lovely minute species. Though
unfortunately sterile, the strikingly characteristic underleaves and ventral lobes
enabled her, after some study, to place it in this genus and Dr. Evans, when sent
a specimen, added the specific name. These tiny underleaves stretch their
slender widely-spreading divisions beyond the stem and when it is realized that
these divisions are composed of not more than four cells placed in a single row,
the size of the plant can be appreciated.

Dr. Evans has beautifully described this Genus and the closely-allied Lepto-
lejeunea in his series on Hepaticae of Puerto Rico, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical
Club 29: 496. 1902, and 30: 29-30. 1903, and our species, L. bidens (Steph.)
Evans, is described and figured in detail. Students will thoroughly enjoy study-
ing these critical notes.

In the tropics this genus prefers to grow on the leaves of trees and occasionally
on bark as was the case here in eastern Tennessee.

The writer will give the entire specific description and quote from the above
two papers with the permission of the author:

‘““Drepanolejeunea bidens (Steph.) Evans
Lejeunea (Drepano-Lejeunea) bidens Steph. Hedwigia, 29: 71. 1890.

“Yellowish-green, growing in thin and loose patches: stems 0.035 mm. in
diameter, prostrate, irregularly pinnate, the branches widely spreading; leaves
distant to subimbricated, the lobe suberect or obliquely spreading in the lower
part, widely spreading above, convex, falcate-lanceolate, 0.35 mm. long, 0.08

The September number of THE BRYOLOGIST was published October 4, 1916.

mm. wide, somewhat narrowed toward the base and attached by an almost
longitudinal line of insertion, margin subentire or slightly crenulate or denticulate
from projecting cells, rarely with a larger blunt tooth near end of keel, apex long-
acuminate, ending in a row of two or three cells; lobule strongly inflated at base
and along keel, broadly ovate, 0.15 mm. long, 0.1 mm. wide, keel strongly arched,
slightly roughened in outer part from projecting cells, free margin plane and
appressed to lobe, passing beyond apex by a lunulate sinus to end of keel, apical
tooth strongly curved; cells of lobe somewhat convex, their walls slightly but
uniformly thickened, averaging 19 X 14 wu; ocelli commonly two, one at the base
of the lobe, the other at about the middle, indistinct; underleaves distant, basal
portion quadrate or rectangular, 0.03 mm. long, marginal cells six, divisions
obliquely to widely spreading (up to 0.07 mm.), each consisting of two or three
cells in a single row, rarely two cells wide at base: inflorescence dioicous: @
inflorescence borne on a very short branch innovating on one side with a simple
and sterile innovation; bracts obliquely spreading, unequally bifid, the lobe ovate,
0.35 mm. long, 0.15 mm. wide, long-acuminate, the margin coarsely and irregu-
larly dentate or spinulose-ciliate, usually with from four to seven teeth, lobule
irregular in shape, 0.25 mm. long, 0.08 mm. wide, acute to acuminate, margin as
in lobe, but usually with fewer teeth (mostly one to five); bracteole connate on
one side, ovate, 0.3 mm. long, 0.15 mm. wide, bifid about one-third with erect,
subacuminate lobes and narrow sinus, margin as in bracts, usually with from five
to twelve teeth in all: perianth broadly obovoid, 0.4 mm. long, 0.3 mm. wide,
gradually narrowed toward the base, truncate above and with a short beak, terete
below, sharply five-keeled in upper part, the keels projecting outward as subacute,
slightly dentate horns; ¢ inflorescence unknown.”

EXPLANATION OF PLATE III

. Part of plant, antical view X 63

. Leaf, antical view showing the two ocelli (See Note ‘‘A”’ below) X 287
. Cells from middle of lobe X 520

. Apex of lobule showing unicellular papilla (See Note ‘“B” below) X 520
. Leaf, lobule and underleaf, postical view X 287

. Underleaf X 520

Am BW N

Note A. “Ocelli are not usually found in Drepanolejeunea. They are
never conspicuous and their number (in the vegetative leaves at least) never
exceeds two. Even in species in which they are normally present, many of the
leaves, especially those which are poorly developed, failtoshow them. The ocelli
in most cases are no larger than the neighboring cells and usually retain their
angular form even when their contents become lifeless. They are distinguished by
the granular or fatty bodies which they contain and do not usually become hyaline
and empty as in many other Lejeuneae. Sometimes the addition of potash solu-
tion brings them out more clearly. With regard to the uses of these ocelli prac-
tically nothing is known, although it is probable that they sometimes take part
in the formation of the water sack.”

AG oe

Note B. Notice the peculiar curved apical cell or tooth. ‘‘At the base of
the tooth on the side toward the axis there is present a slight depression or notch
in which a unicellular thin-walled and hyaline papilla is situated. The terminal
cell curves outward, coming into contact with the postical surface of the lobe
and sometimes extending as far as the end of the keel, which in many cases curves
forward and meets it.”’

The writer examined all of Ruth’s specimens of Frullaniae and Lejeuneae in
the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden but failed to detect any addi-
tional specimens of D. bidens. |

IN THE HERBARIUM OF THE NEW YoRK BOTANICAL GARDEN

List of species collected by Albert Ruth, in Knoxville, Tennessee, in 1891-2:

Metzgeria furcata (L.) Dumort.

Jamesoniella autumnalis (DC.) Steph.

Lophozia bicrenata (Schmid.) Dumort.

Cephalozia bicuspidata (L.) Dumort.

Cephalozia curvtfolia (Dicks.) Dumort.

Odontoschisma denudatum (Mart.) Dumort.

Bazza nia trilobata (L.) S. F. Gray.

Radula complanata (L.) Dumort.

Porella platyphylla (L.) Lindl.

Microlejeunea bullata (Tayl.) Evans.

Microlejeunea Ruth Evans.

Drepanolejeu nea bidens (Steph.) Evans.

Leucolejeunea unciloba (Lindenb.) Evans.

Frullania Asagrayana Mont.

Frullama Brittoniae Evans.

It is interesting to notice that this last mentioned species, undescribed at the
time, occurs in several pockets, on one of which Professor Underwood figured the
underleaf, on another he wrote ‘‘large auricles, fruit,’’ and ona third wrote ‘‘Good,
Frull. near Asagray.”’

HIGHLANDS, N. J.

Odor of Conocephalus.—When out in ravines in the vicinity of Pittsburgh
on different trips this fall, attention has been called repeatedly to the pungently
spicy fragrance of Conocephalus conicus. Lately this has become so strong as
to be characterized by most people as rank and unpleasant. On quiet days
near little falls in our ravines the plant can sometimes be smelled before it is to
be seen. Is this odor due to an oil in large brown oil-bodies in certain cells??
And is it a reserve food-product stored up with the advent of colder weather?

Oo sae

1 Schiffner, V. Die Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien 1 (III): 18.1900.

NOTES ON FISSIDENS

I. Difficulties in Determining the Oldest Species
ELIZABETH G. BRITTON

The cut given above is taken from the title-page of Hedwig’s Species Mus-
corum, published after his death, by Schwaegrichen at Leipzig in 1801. Several
interesting facts may be noted, first that it is a simple microscope, second that the
object appears to be dry, without slide or cover glass, and furthermore the plant
was evidently not much dissected. These limitations, will explain why even
“the father of bryology’’ may have occasionally included more than one species
under one name! But, when we remember ‘‘Gray’s Botanist’s Microscope’’ as
advertised in the back of Gray’s Manual as late as 1878 and our first compound
microscope, with two or three tiny objectives, and recall the blurry uncertain
images that resulted therefrom, we cannot help wondering at the artistic skill
and accuracy of many of the old plates published in the last part of the 18th and
the early part of the 19th centuries.

The principle of the compound microscope was discovered as early as 1590
but no great improvement was made in it for over two centuries. All the earlier
English and French microscopes in the Cox collection, at the New York Botanical
Garden, showing the history of the development of the microscope, prove that a
very small objective with poor illumination, was in general use and the makers
seem to have striven to produce a small, portable and compact instrument, that

ENG areas:

could be taken into the field. The improvement of the objectives and the sub-
stage illumination did not come till about 1830 and it was not till Schimper’s
Bryologia Europea was issued a few years later that many species and even genera,
in their modern sense, were recognized.

Furthermore the word “‘type’’ in the sense in which it is here used, meant
and still does mean, to many European bryologists, what they consider to be the
typical or most common form of a species found in any given locality; and it was
not till the Vienna Congress in 1905 adopted the rule for the ‘‘adoption of the
oldest specific name’’ that it became evident how imperative it is, to find out what
the original specimen was to which the name was applied. A critical comparison
of specific descriptions will show that various authors had their ‘“‘personal point

of view’ and even now it is difficult to codrdinate the descriptions of different

text-books on mosses. Types of some of the old species still exist in the Herbaria
of Dillenius, Linnazus, Hedwig, Swartz, Bridel, etc., but unfortunately the impor-
tance of keeping type specimens has not always been understood, and it has often

happened that even these are mixtures, and the authors have ieomenaly dis- .

tributed various species under one name!

Methods of preparing and mounting slides also were still in their nee
up to a very recent date! Karl Miller recommended, and used as a handy
method for ready comparison, mica slides made by splitting the plates apart and
slipping the object in dry! Sullivant used Canada balsam as a preserving me-
dium, which resulted in such dismal failures, as far as delicate structures were
concerned, that it is not surprising that very few of his slides were preserved for
future generations to study! Even now, the French and English moss-books
show very little of the influence of new methods in histological study! Lim-
pricht’s Laubmoose is the only one that gives details of the cross-sections of the
stem and the leaf and the measurements of cells and spores. To be sure, some
students in various European countries have studied cross-sections of the leaves
of Andreea, Grimmia, Orthotrichum, Leucobryum', Dicranum? and Fissidens?,
and realized their value in taxonomic studies, but it is becoming painfully evident
that in many genera of mosses, no accurate knowledge of specific characters can
be had without sections of the leaves. |

It is also to be remembered that even before this horrible war began, geo-
graphical boundaries, linguistic limitations and racial or political antipathies,
have been known to have their influence, even in ‘‘ Pure Science,’’ and that stu-
dents of Botany are human, and prefer “‘the line of least resistance,’ sometimes
being unable to make long journeys to verify a fact, or were unwilling to write
letters, ask questions or exchange specimens with foreign students. The English
Channel and the Atlantic Ocean have served as a scientific as well as a political
barrier, and some moss-students have been known to be too busy to answer letters;
also others who could write English have preferred to answer their letters in
German!

1 Cardot, Mem. Soc. Sc. Nat. 37: 84. pl. 1-19. 1900.
2 Limpricht Laubmoose, 1: 333-378. 1886.
3E, S, Salmon, Ann. Bot. 13: 103-130. pl. 5-7. 18090.

eee

ae

= Slop

Such are some of the difficulties to be encountered in any search after the
truth, and monographic work of any genus will be found both difficult and puz-
zling. If Hedwig’s types at Geneva could be studied by some competent bry-
ologist in the way that Monsieur Cardot* studied the North American types, it
would probably result in a few changes in some species and genera, and we hope
that this may be done soon without any animosities or sarcastic criticisms of
those who are endeavoring to find out the facts. The truth cannot be determined
without consulting the older authors and herbaria and endeavoring to understand
what their limitations were both as to apparatus and collections. I propose in
subsequent articles, by reproducing the original descriptions, illustrations and
criticisms to show how much we still need the benevolent services of some Euro-
pean bryologist, who will take the time and means to determine what the originals
were of some of the older species of Fissidens.

NEw YorkK BOTANICAL GARDEN.

FUNGUS-SPORES IN A MOSS-CAPSULE
ELIZABETH M. DUNHAM

While examining some mosses collected at Miami, Florida, by Mrs. F. E.
Lowe of Worcester, Mass., we found one capsule of Funaria hygrometrica var.
patula Br. & Sch. containing four-celled ciliated bodies in place of the usual moss-
spores. These were identified by Dr. Roland Thaxter of Harvard College as

the spores of a species of Pestalozzia, a genus of the
imperfect fungi. This group of fungi may represent
special stages in the life cycles of other fungi, since
little is known of them at present except the spore-
stage. Pestalozzia is readily distinguished by the
peculiar conidia or spores which are borne on rather
short stalks and are spindle-shaped, divided into
four parts. The apical and basal cells are hyaline
and the central ones dark. The apical cell is provided
with one or more filiform appendages. Pestalozzia
is one of the leaf-blights and the conidia are produced
usually beneath the epidermis.

Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton states that fungi
often find a moss-capsule a moist, favorable host
and fill the spore-sac to the exclusion of the moss-
spores, especially in moist warm regions; and that

Pestalozzia Spore (Magnified) the principal factors in their development seem to
be moisture, heat, and the persistency of the capsule. As Funaria hygrometrica
is an annual species and the capsule lasts but a short time, the occurrence of
fungi on this moss is unusual. Mrs. Britton once examined the very rare capsules

4 Buli. Hb. Boiss. 7: 300-380. 1899.

of Ulota phyllantha, the first reported, collected by Thomas Howell, in Oregon,
only to find them ruined by a fungus which had made the peristome imperfect.
On p. 103, Vol. 14 of the BryoLoaist, 1911, Mrs. Britton has published a
list of mosses that have been reported with fungi on the capsules.
206 WINDSOR ROAD, WABAN, Mass.

EXTRACTS FROM RECENT REPORTS OF THE “MOSS
EXCHANGE CLUB”’

-O. E. JENNINGS

Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes recently sent us a copy of the Twenty-first Annual
Report of the Moss Exchange Club (British Isles) together with a page from the
Twentieth Annual Report, noting in the accompanying letter that ‘“‘they contain
some interesting notes, chiefly by Mr. Dixon, on American plants. I thought
that perhaps you might care to reproduce some of these in the BRYOLOGcIsT.
You will see that Mr. Ingham and I have described a new variety to cover the
plants formerly known as var. subsphaerocarpon |Hypnum palustre var. sub-
sphaerocarpon B. & S.|. I have sent a co-type specimen of this to Mr. Kaiser for
the S. M.S. Herbarium.”

The above quotation is from a letter dated May 6, 1916, and as a bit of
personal news, interesting to those of us who may be wondering how the war is
affecting our brother bryological students of various nationality on the other side
of the Atlantic, we know our friend will pardon us for quoting further from his
letter: ‘‘I am now on an exemption till July 31 and have been rejected for field-
service owing to eye-sight being defective; but I may then be required for garrison
duty such as the Army Ordnance Corps. However it is more likely that I shall
be kept where I am.”

Mr. Rhodes has checked off, in the reports which he sent, the entries relating
to American material. This material has been examined by various members of
the Moss Exchange Club and their notes are signed with initials only, as follows:
C. H. B.—Rev. C. H. Binstead; C. A. C—Mr. C. A. Cheetham; H. N. D.—Mr.
H. N. Dixon; W. I.—Mr. W. Ingham; H. W. L.—Rev. Canon H. W. Lett; W.
E. N.—Mr. W. E. Nicholson; P. G. M. R.—Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes; C. H. W.—Rev.
C. H. Waddell. The entries follow in order, as checked off:

Twentieth Annual Report (1915), p. 135—

““Amblystegium orthocladon P. Beauv., pierres dans cascade, Mt. St. Hilaire,
Quebec, Canada, July /10, H. Dupret, com. P. G. M. R., det. Cardot.* Cardot est
trés affirmatif, mais Rénauld préférait lappeler A. wvriguum,’ H. Dupret. ‘I
should incline to Rénauld’s opinion, strongly, that this is A. irriguum, not A.
orthocladon (which is but a form of A. varium according to most authors.) The
stout nerve and the basal cells are to me conclusive. The entire margin is in
favour of orthocladon, if anything, but this is the only character I can find on that
side, and certainly I should say does not outweigh the other.’ H.N.D. ‘I have
communicated Mr. Dixon’s note to Prof. Dupret, who informs me that Dr. Best
has provisionally named this plant var. perplexum, presumably of A. irriguum.’

seks

PaeGoM

Pate ar sy

notes
eas

Bisnis a.

“Hypnum riparium Lindb., var. elongatum B. & S., stones in pool, Montreal,
Canada, June /14, H. Dupret, com. P.G.M.R. ‘TI should think the var. elongatum
is correct, judging from the description. According to Paris this is identical
with the var. splendens; but the present plant does not seem quite such a fine form,
though no doubt near it.’ H.N.D.”

Twenty-first Annual Report (1916) p. 161—

“‘ Fontinalis antipyretica L. var. gigantea Sull., Magilligan sand dunes (I. 40),
May /o4, C.H. W.& H.W.L. ’I have compared this plant with Sullivant’s var.
gigantea from North America, and it does not agree with it. The true var. gzgan-
tea has the leaves curved on the keel,and the leaves are not nearly so large and wide
as in the Irish plant. I should name the present plant var. robusta Cardot, dis-
tinguished by its very large and very wide leaves when flattened out.’ W. I.
‘This appears to me good var. I have not seen the curved back of leaf given
as a character of the var., and specimens I have from North America, det. Cardot
and others, do not show this feature. It appears to me quite as good as the North
American plant distributed in I911. On my specimen of the ‘Forma robusta
Cardot’ from Minnesota, I have noted ‘it is not very easy to see why this should
not be var. gigantea.’ It also has the leaves markedly curved on the back.’ H.
N. D.; var. gracilis Schp., Trossachs, Perth, July 1898, C. H. W.; and Malham
Cove (64), Jan. /12,C. A. A. ‘This isan interesting plant. I should name it var.
laxa Milde. The habit with its spaced leaves makes it distinct from the ordinary
Var. gracilis.’ W.I. ‘This is not var. gracilis, nor should I call it var. laxa
Milde, though Malham Cove is a locus classicus for that var. This may quite
possibly be the same plant in another form; but if so, it throws a strong light on
certain species which are clearly derivatives of F. antipyretica, F. gothica, F.
Camusi, and F. arvernica. This plant with its narrow, flaccid, scarcely keeled
leaves, and appearance of F. hypnoides, is very different from the var. /axa I have
gathered at Malham Cove, with rigid, distant, spreading, keeled leaves. I can
scarcely find any difference between the present plant and F. arvernica Ren.;
but these forms are too critical to be decided upon by anyone but an expert. [
should suggest withdrawing it for this year, and obtaining Mons. Cardot’s opinion
on it, if possible in rather better condition; this is poor both in condition and in
Preparation. H.N.D.”

Twenty-first Annual Report (1916) pp. 146-165—

“ Plagiothecium Roeseanum (Hampe.) Schp., crevasses des rochers, West-
mount, Montreal, Mar. /08; base des arbres dans marécages, Montreal, Sept. /11;
and c. propagulis rochers terreux, Ile St. Paul, Montreal, Sept. /12, H. Dupret,
com. P.G. M.R. ‘The plants differ a good deal from a plant which I have
gathered in Lapland, and also from a specimen of Schimper’s herbarium, but it
more closely resembles a plant which I have had from Ménkemeyer under the
name of P. Roeseanum var. gracile. P. Roeseanum is not a satisfactory plant

- at the best of times.’ W.E.N. ‘None of your three mosses have as wide and

loose cells as the two specimens I have. P. Roeseanum is a synonym of P. Sulli-
vantiae Schp. H.N. D. says in Handbook, ‘‘ Nerve long and rather strong, cells
narrower.’ Dr. Braithwaite in Br. Moss Flora says, ‘‘with very short nerve and
laxer cells.”” How can we settle the question?’ W.I. ‘I have examined the
Canadian Plagiothecia, and | think without doubt none of them belong to P.
Roeseanum. That is rather a well-marked plant, in its best forms at any rate,
with rather turgid cells, concave, not conspicuously complanate leaves, having
narrower cells,—there is no doubt about its having narrower cells than silvaticum
and most denticulatum, though the books do differ. M. Dupret’s plants, that
of 7/9/11 and 9/9/12 are identical forms, and I should refer them to P. denticula-
tum, f. propagulifera. They are not quite identical with the f. propagulifera
Ruthe, described and figured by Limpricht, which is a rather larger plant and has

the leaf-margins reflexed, but in the propagula they are identical. The other one
30/3/08, I should also refer to P. denticulatum, but as var. Jaetum, so far as can be
told from the vegetative characters only.’ H. N. D.”

Twenty-first Annual Report (1916) pp. 167—168—

‘“Hypnum palustre Huds. vars., boulders in Tyne, Chollerford (67), July /05;
R. Tees, Widdy Bank (66), Aug. /96, stones in Wharfe, Ilkley (64), July /96, leg.
H. N. D. ‘I asked Mr. Dixon if.he could throw any light on the difficult var.
subsphaerocarpon, and he kindly sent the above specimens and the following very
interesting notes. It will, however, be observed that the effect is to make the
existing British records of var. subsphaericarpon highly doubtful and exceedingly
difficult to verify. The most useful course for practical purposes has seemed to ba
that suggested by Mr. Dixon in his article on the Chollerford plant, and a descrip-
tion by Mr. Ingham of a new var. dolichoneuron, based on vegetative characters,
will be found in an appendix, and Mr. Dixon has kindly consented to the Choller-
ford gathering, distributed this year, being taken as the type specimens of the new
variety. Most, if not all, of the existing records for subsphaericarpon can be
referred to the new variety.’ P.G. M.R.

‘**T doubt this being a common var.; I have scarcely seen a British specimen
which I should refer to it with certainty. There isa very frequent var. which has
the leaves of the var. subsphaericarpon and is often sterile, and this I believe is
what usually passes for it. But whenever I have found it fruiting the capsules
are elongate and cannot be brought under the var.” H.N.D. Extract from
‘‘Mosses of Northumberland,” Berwickshire Naturalists’ Club Proc. 1905; on
Chollerford plant above. ‘A striking form, which I have gathered on boulders
partly submerged in several of our rivers in subalpine districts, having a robust
habit, large falcate leaves, and especially characterized by the very stout single
nerve, reaching well above two-thirds of the leaf. These’ are the characters of
var. subsphaericarpon B.& S. (except that the long single nerve in that var. is not
described as unusually stout), and I have received sterile plants so named, evi-
dently on the strength of the vegetative characters. I have, however, gathered
this plant in the R. Wharfe and elsewhere, bearing capsules of the typical form,
and this is the case with the Chollerford plant . . . Itis quite clear therefore
that these vegetative characters are not always correlated with the type of capsule
of var. subsphaericarpon, and there is some argument for giving our plant a new
varietal name. On the other hand I have gathered a plant in Teesdale (see note
below), and Mr. Binstead sends mea similar plant from Clifford, which with these
leaf characters combine a shorter and wider capsule than that of the type, and
which may be very fairly placed under the variety in question, although the cap-
sule by no means equals the large turgid fruit I have gathered in mountain streams
in the Pyrenees; they show an intermediate stage between the extreme Conti-
nental variety and the plant now under consideration . . . I have gathered
a plant in Cumberland with both forms of capsule, long and narrow, and short
and turgid, upon the same stem . . . It would seem that on the whole the
variety would have been better established upon the vegetative characters alone,
which would have comprised a fairly definite group of forms, including the plant
on which these remarks are based . . . as well as the Continental plants
with large swollen capsules, on which Schleicher based his H. subsphaericarpon
Pea ree It is a curious fact that in the four localities in England and Scotland
in which I have gathered G. apocarpa var. alpicola . . . it has always been
associated with the form or variety of H. palustre in question.’ H.N. D.

‘‘Mr. Dixon has now erased the words var. subsphaericarpon from the Tees-
dale specimens; the Clifford plant being annotated, ‘not very marked var. in the
fruit, but may pass.’”’

Twenty-first Annual Report (1916) p. 176—

“Hypnum palustre Huds. var. subsphaericarpon B. & S. This var. of H.
palustre has proved a stumbling block to students of British Mosses. No doubt

many of the records in the Census Catalogue of British Mosses have been based
upon barren specimens, viz., those whose leaves have a long strong single nerve.
When such plants are in fruit, the capsules are far from being subsphaerical. In
fact they are more like the capsules of the typical plant. The capsules of the
var. from the High Pyrenees are short, widely oval and turgid, quite different
from any of the capsules of the variety I know in the British Isles. Such being
the case, it will be well to have a variety that will include the so-called records of
var. subsphaericarpon of the British Isles. The long, strong single nerve is an
important feature and is found with plants widely distributed in. the British Isles.
The variety suggested is as follows:

“Hypnum palustre Huds. var. dolichoneuron Ingh. & Rhodes, var. nov.
Plants often dark green with elongated stems, occasionally bright green, or brown,
usually more robust. Leaf nerve strong and long, reacting the apex or vanishing
just below it, always single.

‘“‘Capsules variable in length and variously inclined, oblong or oval-oblong.
Occasionally the capsules are erect.

“Hypnum palustre Huds. var. dolichoneuron Ingh. & Rhodes. [vel sub
Hygrohypno.| Plantulae saepe nigro-virides, nonnunquam laetevirentes aut
fuscae, caulibus elongatis, plerumque robustiores. Folia costa unica et crassa et
longa, ad apicem aut immediate subtus attingente. Thecae longitudine variae,
et varie inclinatae, oblongae aut ovali-oblongae, nonnunquam erectae.

““Type-specimens—Chollerford (67), July /o05, Jeg. H. N. Dixon, distributed
this year throughout M. E. C.

“Habitat. On stones in and by streams, both in the lowlands and the high-
lands. W. I.”

_ We notice also an extract from an article in the Journal of Botany as con-
tributed to the Report (1916 p. 175) by Mr. W. E. Nicholson, and, although it is
not checked off by Mr. Rhodes, we quote it as being of some interest to American
bryologists:

“‘Lepidozia sylvatica Evans, may generally be separated from L. setacea by
the smaller, more spreading leaves with smaller, less papillose cells, and, when
perianths are present, by the more shortly ciliate bracts and mouth of the perf-
anth. It is separable from L. trichoclados by having the bracts and the mouth 0i
the perianth more longly ciliate, in which respect it occupies an almost exactly
intermediate position between L. setacea and L. trichoclados. L. sylvatica, in the
absence of perianths or female bracts, is with difficulty separable from L. tricho-
clados, but the presumption would be in favour of the plant from sandy ground or
sand rock being L. sylvatica, and one from peat being L. trichoclados. ‘The tufts
of L. trichoclados are also generally thicker.

“TInvolucral bracts (of L. sylvatica) much larger than leaves, innermost
ovate, generally bifid from a fourth to a third into two shortly ciliate segments,
cells generally longer and thinner-walled than in the leaves. Perianth narrowly
ovoid or cylindrical, contracted at the mouth, ciliate, the cilia 1—4 (mostly 3)
cells long.”’

According to the Report, Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes is the official Distributor of
the Moss Exchange Club and some of the points which he has brought out in his
report are applicable as well to conditions in America as in the British Isles. He
notes that “‘most of the members now appear to have well-stocked herbaria
containing all bryophytes likely to be met with in ordinary districts. It now
remains to work out the form-cycles of the various species, for which purpose
off-type specimens of even the commonest species should be of service. Mr.
Wheldon’s prediction of last year has already come true, and several common

plants, which I accepted with some hesitation, have proved to be among the most
interesting things in the distribution. It is regrettable that members living in
the lowlands should so readily decide that their mosses are of ‘no use to the Club’
and I hope that next year they will overcome their bashfulness, and let us have
their plants for comparison.”’

We gain from the report that there were gotten together for distribution,
for 1916, a total of 382 species and varieties of mosses and hepatics,—altogether
a total of 2,084 packets. The organization, which hasa membership of forty-four,
is to be congratulated upon its success and it is to be hoped that nothing will
prevent a successful continuance of the work.

The Secretary of the Club, Mr. Wm. Ingham, notes in the report that in
order to obviate the difficulty of having two systems of naming Sphagna, Mr.
Wheldon has undertaken to draw up a new Sphagnum Catalogue based upon
Warnstorf’s monumental work, Sphagnologia Universalis, and, to make the
catalogue more interesting and useful, there will be given short descriptions of
the difficult species, varieties, and forms, such as those in the Subsecunda group.

CARNEGIE MuUSEuUM, PITTSBURGH, PA.

BORNEAN MOSSES (A REVIEW)

On a collection of Bornean Mcsses made by the Rev. C. H. Binstead. By
iN. Dixon, M./A., Py LoS: :

This is an extract from the Linnean Society’s Journal, Botany, Vol. XLIII,
July, 1916. It covers 32 pages and is accompanied by two plates. Of the 138
species and varieties reported, seventeen are new. In the introductory note the
author indicates the interesting fact that in this, and doubtless in all tropical
areas, the moss vegetation of the jungle is confined to the tops of high trees, where
it has some measure of access to the sunlight. In these lofty canopies of the
jungle occurs a moss flora almost entirely different from that which is accessible
to the ordinary collector who proceeds on foot and collects on or near the ground.
This jungle flora becomes accessible only when trees are felled for economic pur-
poses. Mr. Binstead collected only on the ground, and his finds include only
five species of thirty-one recorded for Mt. Kinabalu by Mitten and Wright.

The new species and varieties described in this paper are:
1. Fissidens autoicus Thér. et Dixon;
2. Syrrhopodon trachyphyllus, Mont., subsp. albifrons Thér. et Dixon, subsp:
nov.;

3. Syrrhopodon ledruanus C. Muell., MS in litt. ad E. Levier; with a variety

involutus Thér. et Dixon;
. Syrrhopodon patultfolius Thér. et Dixon;
. Syrrhopodon binsteadu Thér. et Dixon; ©
. Syrrhopodon tuberculosus Thér. et Dixon;
. Calymperes subsalakense Thér. et Dixon;
Trichostomum sarawakense Dixon;

aN

ON AWM

in Sua See ae ee

iach genetical

9. Bryum weberaeforme Dixon;

10. Rhizogonium medium laxifolium Thér., MS in litt. ad auct.;

11. Atrichum ruttert Thér. et Dixon;

12. Pogonatum bornense Thér. et Dixon;

13. Homaliodendron fleischert Dixon; .

14. Ectropothecium dixoni Fleisch., sp. nov., MS in litt. ad auct.;

15. Taxitheloum subintegrum Broth. et Dixon;

16. Sematophyllum rigens Brcth., MS in litt. ad Rev. C. H. Binstead;

17. Sematophyllum downii (Broth.) Dixon, sp. nov. (Trichosteleam downi
Broth., MS in litt., ad Rev. C. H. Binstead).

The numercus critical notes scattered through this paper, and other results
of close study, bear evidence of the friendly care with which Mr. Dixon is accus-
tomed to do his work on mosses.

Joun M. HOLZINGER.

WInonA, MINN., OCTOBER 7, IQI6.

SHORTER NOTES

Senhor Goncalo Sampaio! has recently published an annotated and descrip-
tive list of fifty lichens belonging tc the Pertuguese flcra, with an additional list
of a hundred others for which merely localities are given. The list includes new
species in Omphalaria, Lecanora (2), and Lecidea; the details of these species are
figured in the text.

Monsieur A. Luisier? continues the series of notes on the mosses of Portugal
that has already been noticed in these pages. Note eleven is a list of some fifty
species of pleurocarpous mosses, with localities; note twelve, a two page article
upon Anacolia Webbit (Mont.) Schimp. The last note of the series describes
and figures two new species, Didymodon Soarest Luis., and Tortula Abranchest
Luis., both from near Salamanca.

In an interesting paper Mr. H. N. Dixon® has recently described the mosses
which were collected by the Rev. C. H. Binstead in British North Borneo. Criti-
cal notes are given upon nearly all the species, and attention is called to the large
proportion of the collection which belongs to the two genera Calymperes and
Syrrhopodon. The collections seem to emphasize the relationship of the Bornean
mosses both to the Indo-Maylayan flora and, on the other hand, to that of New
Guinea. [See list of new species in review by Dr. Holzinger, pp. 94, 95, this
issue. | Bee be Oe

1 Liquenes novos para a flora portuguesa. Goncalo Sampaio. Broteria. 14: 65-84. fig. 1-4.
(Aug. 1916.)

2 Fragments de bryologie ibérique. A. Luisier. Broteria. 14: 106-117. figs. 1-3. (Aug.
1916.)

3 On a collection of Bornean Mosses made by the Rev. C. H. Binstead. H.N. Dixon. Journ.
imu. soe. Botany. 43: 201-323. Pl.26,27. (July, 1916.)

A HUE AND A CRY FOR A LOST AND UNDESCRIBED HEPATIC
CAROLINE C. HAYNES TO FELLOW MEMBERS

May I ask those of you to whom I have sent specimens of Hepatics to see if
you have among your pockets of Cephalozia one whose label reads: ‘‘ Cephalozia
bicuspidata (L.) Dumort. Below Lime Kiln Falls, Adir. League Club—2nd
Oct., 1910., ‘C> C. Haynes; No:5257~

This pocket contains a mixture = C. bicuspidata + an undescribed species.
Alas, I have but a slide of it. It happened in all probability that a hasty exami-
nation showed the common species and the pocket was distributed with others.
It was only after a lapse of years that, coming across the slide, I discovered a
second species—a joy to behold. I would like the pocket, should it be found,
returned to me so that Dr. Evans can describe the species.

Hoping that all will agree with me that this is to a botanist, though one of the
minor tragedies, a very real one and awaiting word of it with hopefulness and
gratitude. :

HIGHLANDS, N. J.

_ THE HASSE LICHENS

Mr. Plitt announces that the second fascicle, numbers 26-50, of the Hasse
Duplicate Lichens will be ready in December, and will be sent to subscribers
promptly. The delay in the issue of the first fascicle was due to the printer
being unable to furnish the labels in time. The second fascicle will contain the
following forms: ,

Arthonia impolita Opeographa atrorimalis
rhoidis = vulgata
Buellia oidalea Parmelia cylisphora
a parasema ey tiliacea
triphragmia = Parmeliella lepidota coralliphora
Catillaria franciscana Pertusaria flavicunda
Cladonia fimbriata subulata Physcia asteroidea
pyxidata chlorophea a tribacea
Hoppia Despreuxii Ramalina combeoides
Hassei : 2 pollinaria f. elatior
Lecania Dudleyi Rhizocarpon geminatum
Lecidia atrobrunnea Rinodina succedens
A cinerata

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY MEETING

Be sure not. to forget the meeting of the Sullivant Moss Society. A fine
programme is assured, and the attendance must keep pace. The date will be
December 29th, and the meeting place Room 330, Barnard College, New York.
This is easily reached from the various railway stations by taking the Broad-
way Subway to 116th Street Station, and going north three blocks, then west.
Barnard College is on the right-hand side.

‘
y

Material for exhibition, if sent in advance, should be sent to Mr. Edward B.
Chamberlain, Apt. 52, 416 West 118th Street, New York City. Members who
cannot attend, are urged to send something for the exhibits at least. The Secre-
tary will gladly answer questions as to any details of the meeting. A further
notice will be sent to each member two weeks in advance.

-SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY ELECTION

Members of the Sullivant Moss Society are requested to send their ballots
promptly to the Judge of Elections, Mrs. H. C. Dunham, 206 Windsor Road,
Waban, Mass. Ballots must be received before December a§th, 1916. Lo

The following persons have been nominated by the Executive Committee,
but members are reminded that they are free to vote for any others.

For President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York City.

For Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith, Brooklyn, N. Y.

For Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. Edward B. Chamberlain, New York City.

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings—To members only; return postage should accompany the request.

Mr. Edward B. Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.—Sphag-
num platyphyllum Sull., collected by Dr. Hagen in Norway.

Mrs. F. E. Lowe, 24 Brattle Street, Worcester, Mass.—Dzcranella cerviculata
(Hedw.) W. P. Schimp. and Thamnium alleghaniense (C. M.) Bryol. Eur., both
collected by Mrs. Lowe in Massachusetts.

Mrs. Frank C. Smith, Jr., Chapin Road, Holden, Mass.—Dicranum Drum-
mondu C. M. and Ptilium crista-castrensis (L.) DeNot., collected by Mrs. Smith
at Upper Dam, Rangeley Lakes, Maine, 1916, with fruit.

Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.—Fossombronia
Wondraczekit (Corda) Dumort., collected near Killarney Park, mountains of
Fayette County, Pa., September 24, 1916, by O. E. Jennings.

Mr. C. C. Plitt, 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.—Alectoria sarmentosa
Ach., specimen collected in Switzerland by Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes.

Miss Helen E. Greenwood, 5 Benefit Terrace, Worcester, Mass.—Marsupella
Sullivantit (DeNot.) Evans and Lophozia barbata (Schreb.) Dumort., both col-
lected on Mt. Wachusett, Princeton, Mass., Oct. 12, 1916.

ea
i 92 OS

PUBLISHED NOVEMBER FIRST
Mosses of New York City and Vicinity

By

A. J. GROUT, Ph.D.

An annotated list of about 350 species occurring in
and around New York City, with full descriptions of
families and genera, and complete keys to genera and
species. Twelve full-page plates of photographs of
about twenty species; 135 pages; 8vo; $1.10, postpaid.

Dr. A. J. GROUT, New Dorp, Staten Island, N. Y.

PHOTOGRAPHY FOR NATURALISTS

Expert service in photographing Botanical Specimens for reproduction in
Magazines, or for Class Room Work.

Lantern Slides from film or glass negatives, engravings, photographic prints,
or natural objects. Copying from every sort of original. Films developed and
printed. Enlargements in all sizes.

Everything Photographic needed for Iliustration by Writers and Teachers.

WE CAN SUPPLY 1.
G. K. MERRILL, 564 Main Street, Rockland, Maine

WANTED:—A copy of “Synopsis of the Genus
Arthonia,” by Henry Willey, New Bedford, Mass., 18go.
Anyone having a copy for sale will kindly notify Prof.
Lincoln W. Riddle, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass.

THE GUIDE TO NATURE

A Magazine of Commonplace Nature
with Uncommon Interest

Beautifully Illustrated Many New Features
EDWARD F. BIGELOW, Managing Editor

Subscription, $1.00 a Year Single or Sample Copy roc.

THE AGASSIZ ASSOCIATION
ARCADIA SOUND BEACH CONNECTICUT

AMERICAN FERN JOURNAL

An illustrated quarterly devoted to the general study of ferns. Subscrip-
tion, 1916, including membership in THE AMERICAN FERN SOCIETY,
$1.00; or, without membership, go cents. Foreign subscriptions, 10 cents a
year extra. Volume I, six parts, $2.00; Volumes II to V, $1.00 each: the set,
five volumes, $3.50.

Send subscriptions or applications for membership to
E. J. WINSLOW, AUBURNDALE, Mass.
Send matter for publication to R. C. BENEDICT, 322 E. 191TH. STREET
BROOKLYN, N. Y..

BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB

Monthly; established 1870. Each issue averages about 50
pages and 2 or 3 plates. Devoted to botanical contributions
of the widest range; morphological, physiological, taxonomic,
ecological, and geographical. $3.00 a year.

TORREYA

A monthly journal of botanical notes and news; established
1901. About 20 pages in each issue. $1.00 a year.

MEMOIRS OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB
Issued at irregular intervals since 1889. Consisting of papers
too long for publication in the BULLETIN. Fifteen volumes
completed. $3.00 a volume.

MEMBERSHIP

including publications, $5.00 a year.
Address, Treasurer Torrey Botanical Club,
BERNARD O. DODGE,
Department of Botany, Columbia University, New York City

fot BRYOLOGIST

AN ILLUSTRATED BIMONTHLY

DEVOTED. TO

NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES

HEPATICS AND LICHENS
VOLUME XX °

OPE. JENNINGS,: Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M.S.

ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA
1917

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THE BRYOLOGIST

VOLUME Xx,

1917

INDEX TO LATIN PLANT-NAMES

eis svat riot ese)
MeO SR SS. kh ete ls a7.
Acarospora fuscata 48
ODS aie 29
Acer macrophyllum........ 7715/9" Ot
PeGirematUit.:.......... 77, 81, 84
Pemiumn bigilare:.’.)!....,....0..-. 99
macomea japomica...............-. 17
2 SUCCES Ae 78
ie qubata NG 1 ae oie Come 4

eee Umplexa (05. ..":78, 83
Peerorerata: 22.6. 8 ee ss 83

e SammMeNLOSA fo. 2... 2... 78, 83
PomsrOrecana. ... Ph... ee vik
Amblystegium IE We 0) pm ee een 67
POMESUNUTT s CS st. on: 67

i “var. spinifolium 90

My noterophilum.... 41, 67
Anacheilium cochleatum.......... 26
MAC Oe a ei ig he ee 29
a petrophila.. tl As wey
Rothii. . Gere MEG Ge
Anoectangium Mougeotii.. ie ga 67
Anomodon attenuatus. Megha hon SOUT
a HOSEN AWS be se tn es | 67
Smedeliajuratzkana............ 13
Anthoceros Paras oi A 24 46, 61, 67
Macounit... 255... 055.46
Aphanolejeunea...... ls ae eS
Aphanorhegma serratum ........ 102
Aplozia pumila var. rivularis...... 22
Meiletis@en <4... 2 22

5 Belidneri<...../..s..-... 21
Arthonia FEE ee i ae 79
ap aval. Swantziana.. 79

Reem ee 29
meemaria groenlandica............ 43
Arthothelium spectabile.......... 99
TEAGUE eee eee 43
BEA ee i wee es 18
Pee AUIOTiCa. 6. ees 61
Seoceimedenbergiana.... 2. <. 13
a ree 29
BMMra WOCUIING. 0... eo 26
Brmettia aligescens................ 79
Beeeusco-rubella:.... 2.2.6... 279

Baeomyces DYSSOIGESiecs.. 5h nd. or 80
GOSCUS, pia sae ae eLO
Bartramia pomiformis. Page he (6977
Bazzaniaytrilowatiaere 4+ si. ijchases «: 67
Biatora, hy pomela.e. 4. 0... 102
mY GUE age e A eer ae 68
Blastenia atrosanguinea.......... 84
Brachythecium plumosum,.-.... ae: 67
TiVUlahes, <n. ae. 67

BuuCiia rages tg Ret wel ae ais 29
Diy Uiilsr OSCUMIG dt WEY. 6. dea 4I
DCC RIAs SA wth ee ee 18, 19
ci wee nOmanica.. 13) L7elS
Buellia albo-atra. Ste sale Oe
oh walienarvar. " penichra. bean ee 84

rs CEOS HIG. Welt ee 45

pa SPALTASCIM At. 2: .ayie clive eee 84

ep papillatare' st ae tel aera 84

Buxbaumia apiny ta)... 1374" (2 Se te. )eeOw
indusiata 37,,-(38,, fig), 764)

Calicium aera Pee ite rank ae 79
lenticulares 25 9) 3A OO

‘ PALietiMUmie J eee 99
POLY pores 7 Vn nae 79

ve Quercinuine ce OO

vi trac lylinuin «ete cn pene 68
Caloplaca elegans. cue ieee ou
< Jungermanniae. . Wee Od
Caly ptranthes 7uzyouuni... a 26
Camptvotheerime oo ce eee ean: 9
‘s aureum. asa Wan eR

o pinnatifidum. . 9

i Woldenii 9, (Pl. Dy 29
Catharinaea.. 2. ee OS OS
‘ angustata. RAY ars 66

7 CHISTDA Fag. araei ea, IOI, 102

‘ und wlatan... ga. OOmoy,
Candelariella cerinella............ 82
Cephalozia QAdIIGh shee) een ea ae
bicuspidata’ 25.0.2) 45

- catenitlatatin. vi. 5. wer 233

. Compactadis duc." Dana

ie COMNEVENS I! slices 28

uf HUNG AMG eu ea oe. ee 45, 64

33 Prancisci’...... . 45, 63, 64

i Loitlesbergeri... 22, 23, 24

a he

Cephalozia macrostachya.... 23, 45, 64
5 meciay cts. fe oe ae 23
7 DIENICEDS A tiers 23
Gephaloziellantse: = oae keh ae 46
i byssaceays fo 2 as 13
i: bicuspidata...2 7%. a3, 44
3 bilida sys :. £3, 45,46
Ze elachistar) chaos I
a Hampeana.... -13, 61, 67
Ff InVNABEEHOIEIEL, Su, Ne 13501
= papillosa ora. Kinde nes 61
‘i Starker. 7.0 eee 43, 46
se Sullivantii Peis
Ward TOdOmM ke. colnet en AQ} 52
a columbiaen we. hoe 52
7 COMCUSS: 6 52,0545 (bl cb)
fi heterophyllus 1s ee: 52
7 GMIMOT: v4 ec eee ey, oe 2
es purpureus.... 52, 54, (Pl. X)
Pet rain lars Ail 514, g eee eee en tae 70
i> vealeunites. |, isthe, BOO), ae
eva: placorodia.. yale nae
fe GG MOTO piity lave yee cen sont; 83
Sree MECHANICS Sk sees atic ht 79, 83
jaie tslancican) Wrst e 68, 83
= placunosa var: stenophylla
78, 83
CUM ICK Erman sit. hit ais ae, 83
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis...... Whi
Chiloscyphus ASCENCENS, fa... oh
rivularis. . . 66
CGhaysobalanus,licacos. | snes: 26
Chirysomsise 6. ks Sie teen 63
Cladonia bacillarise nate ones 80
bellidiflora. . eA BO
a eristatellans. Meson 80
‘i furcata.racemosa... i661 ,SO
a gracilis dilacerata........ ‘80
ei macwlentar ct hay ns 80
5 pyeidata sy Misch eae one 80
i Tangibenima.. 4; fy..tk 63, 80
4 SCUamosas Arya e gee 80
* Sy lvaticater: New wee Wes 80
a verticillata var. evoluta.. 80
Glevea hyalina) sh ie uel ee. 12
Climacium americanum.:3... 2. 67
Collemasnigrescens)...../ 2504 1 et Bon
Cololejeumea csv dt ett a ee Ie
i Biddlecomiae..... 26, 67
i dia phanai shun ina 26
i MINUtiSsimMa . 2.26 25, 26
a IMVMOCAT Payee see 25
oe setilobayy ern DE. 26
a subcristata
24-28, (PI. II, figs. 5-14)
re tuberculata. ee aa. 25, 26

Conocephalum... ee 46
5 conicum, .. are ORMey
Conostomum boreale,.))).) eee 44
Cratoneuron filicinum))2.5. 900 67
Cynodontium! {22 eee 51
Cyphelium inquinans 22720.» 16, 79.
Diapensia..... 5s.) sei ee 44
Dicranum elongatumi.3).. 3. ee
a fulvum sa ee eo
ve longifolium 3) ee 43
‘ montantim “)) ae 98
m viride. 2:4, 5 ae 98
Didymodon rubellus. |.) jae 67
Diplophylleia taxifolia......... 43, 44
Distichium.... 2.) 9022 51
% capillacemmi hea eee 51
i Macounit, (32.3.0 ee e
Ditrichum... 3.2... aoe 49,
oh ambiguum... 58 (PI. XVID
% brevifoliuis: 4006 ae y
e elatum...: ca eee
i flexicaule.. 56, 57 (PI. x)
ms t brevifolium.... 56
* * mire 55
as giganteum.... 55 (PI. XID
be glaucescens. 3: 2) jee
a inclinatum.”. {7 eee a
‘i heteromallum
50, 58 (PI. ae:
i homomallunia aa ue
a Macounii. .ve.ee eee
* montanum. .. 4,50) (len x8
i pusillum 58, 59 (Pl. XVIII)
‘ Schimperi
50, 55, 56 (PI. ee
2 tortile.... i. 2a Lae 58
Ditrichaceae.’.. .,. : 275 ears 48, 49
Drepanocladus: : ..c a2. (eeu ee 10
; scorpioides. . 1; 7 wae
Drummondia:...5..<.. ae 98
Dryptodon patens.. 4.220.) oe 93
Encalypta contorta, eee 67
4 procera. <..,.0. 4 eeaueeee AI
Encyclia tampensé. > 30) eee 26
Ephemerum. «3.4.0.0. ei 29
Evernia prunastfl. - 9. eee 83
Fissidens...... /..24 Ogee 41
i adiantoides. : 2.) ueae mee 67
a cristatus. : :.<./.. eee 67
‘ grandifrons.’. eae Al, 102
4 iNCUrVUS. |... 5 ees eee 67
ss obtusifolius: ..-noe eee 16
Fontinalis dalecarlica, :35.. eee 67
i gigantea... .:aee 22, 675. L0K
Pi Lescuril. i. ota ee 67
a Umbachit. o5 see AI

—vyv—

Fossombronia DEE ANE Se PLO 215 AL As

IAS MUNA idle <1 he arco AI

ii foveolata..... 20, 43, 64

lamiellata.., 16; 20; 21,27

Cele figs, “1-2; 228

* lommgiseta. 6. %.4 21 OF

ae Seine) eae ee anana eee 20

a tulberitera...-2;« « 19, 20

Prullania Asagrayana.....:...... 67

as mexicatia...... ot ante 60, 61

‘i ESTA emu yy ss ot 43

ve (Pirie) a ea 67

HEIDE) 29 ial AI

BeeeleCOMeLTICa.......02.... 98

Peemrsia MeWUCICd 0.6.6... 0..... 27

Glyphomitrium incurvum......... 67

Parapiisidendritica..........0.... 99

i s f. medusula.... 99

hy GUO MMs tres ceo) cael. GO

* "DVIS OU oe 99

meeigtwWlayi yy. 99

o melventienta..i7:...<.... 79

: SECS) 22) 9 ra 79, 99

~ MECCA ict ..s 264 . san 99

Grimaldia BRO RAS cei SNe... oe OF

Phi@enica 2... 02)... 61

Grimmia 2) OCs :19) 08 a ee ei 67

COMMS EE, ee a rene oo

“ 1 AONE Ga OAS ae a 44

Ne Heteophaeas (4 oss. os + 68

a var. elongata IOI

- INCL, ee 95

“a PEBUCMG Sr ee teks aces ae. 93

Memmerranda scabta...<..........+. 26

Gymnomitrium corallioides. 13, 44, 46

concinnatum

13, 43, 6

Gymnostomum PaCS TEe et saan 67

Gyrophora cylindrica. . Reh OO)

WOMEN ie ocd eo Sn 90

= erosa. vt eRe Gn areal a

# hyperborea. . OPS Nie ae 81

o BERICWIAEAS kde syncs OL

n IOP AU SS 2 81

Haematomma elatinum........... 48

Haplohymenium triste............ 67

Harpanthus Flotowianus.......... 1g.

mearmeiavalbicans............... 67

MEIOTIC, 6s ke ee AI, 60
ied VITCSCENS...........0... 4. Sia

Paepoctatea volubilis............% 26

meomena Sullivantil........0.. 00. 100

Eresoiia tomentosa............. 63

Hygrobiella laxifolia. . Aste paneer 6

Hygrohypnum dilatatum. . seen ge AO,

Cugy MUM. ne eee 67

Myerohypnum cchraceum. 2.2)... 67
Hylocomium brevirostre.......... 67
* DLOMPERUITIGR ave we 99

i DY REMATEUT sees 48

‘ splendens. (057). 67
Hymenostylium curvirostre....... 67
Hyophila’ crenulata. sense IOI
Hypnum Schreberi........ 44, 67, 99
i Subimipomensuw. (tee 102
Icacorea paniculatayn- wees te ie 26
lemadophila ericetorum.:......-% 82
Nex-Krugiana: spe eae ee 26
Jubula pennsylvanica.- 2) 2 0=\ i. 67
Jungermannia ALLOVIRENS a4. 2
cordifolia. . 13,205 Ae

e pumila he a Dino?

i Lipania sys iA. aaer Cay
Schiffneri. . Zee oe
Naurocerasus myrtitolia. v.07 420
kecania dimeray << }. 4.28) e1 ao ee 82
MeGaltOra se, hy kil a a Cie wae ene IOI

abelian. pecker

a oo) Vale CANOMMOn IS me aA

“ AlpINa). . tie ae ee 82

A AICAT Ea: c..cbaade cent eae 47

ee ME ChMGK Cds: vic CMM ch) Seer 47

i Colocat pa, ae aan 48, 82

a PRUSEULOSA 3.) ewe inka Oe

iy rel bt Ei aan ea Nona Pd. 82

a Pi WOSAIAN, nites se ome

4 IMAGE. mi. sates de seu OmOS

* NE Vas Fic eee leas Meals 47

s Tiniia iS: «Fear oe 48

a PACihiCa oc: eae Wal Oe

x Se ah ea ec

i: rubina. . Ly eee

e subfusca. . ; 1 A8%,. 82

i «var. distans...... 48

i Vata eM SHADY VofBro\ 2)

? ‘““ var. saepincola...... 48

3 peahhcs 2 SWAMI Cucaere oem 48

RR VVWANICY cape. 5 otra We aes 48
WeeGid eat ane sits, sr kahd wees cag a ae IOI
fo vaittnracOphilar., sus ab sone 7)

Sk ALOR CAN. co er eae 79

jh PGOMMI STA er oe, Gy MEU 8 a 79

jobs DATASCINA. “hi (Soe er as 79

Bown RV CR usta. hae oe ee 79

PAPE TLCS Coy ch DOW Sts oat Bek Wea a ae U0)

Ph SAN SUINEeO-abray. sa (ern ein: 79
Wejeuned=cavilollarn.. tiie anny, 67
Wepideziatsandnricensiss: “944 4. Van
a setacea.. ae AI, 45

Re procoleatm arom een sean, ie) 25

Leptobarbula: bericass...........8.2 58
Beptodon: mibid use 4.) 010". tle 64

Leptogium palatal

end. we) Voie "e peuneh 6), 6 (0) Ve.

Leptolejeunea elliptica
Leptotrichum

oo sa) © féijee ‘a 6, eave) «ee @) is! o's

flexicaule brevifolium

Letharia ata
Leucobryum ee
Leucolejeunea clypeata.......

ele! We\ uitietre) feiss) ie, s2.0)) 6) lelue Vey @l.el se) a ieuld
@,10\ a)e © «) \¥\ie) » -6 ep SieeLe
a celgel 0) 10), \e:Jeaue) eile) etca) elit) Nelye le
ee © © © © we we oe

Lobaria oregana

Lophocolea bidentata. .

Lophozia alpestrs

ee 10, ©, 6 6) ee: (9/6: 10 16
eenesce es ow Oe wes ee ew

OPC) UstrucieG iO: 0) etree cl

lycopodioides...

Lycopodium annotinum var. pun-

ee)

a) (ope: jeltes ete lee.) ia ve

Massalongia carnosa
Megalospora sanguinarius
Metzgeria conjugata

oo eee oe ow wm ew we

2 eee

81 Mnium antiquorsum.... 7 ieee
On ‘.- cuspidatunt<).2540. eee 9

81 — >) HlOen UI. 7 ane
. 81 ** orthorrhynchum....

26 es punctatum 472

4 Mylia-anomala.a"l52e eee eee

56. Myurella julacea.: eee
. 58.” Nanomitrium. 73 eee

55 . Nardia crénuliformisy>> 4.70. ee
an'82 “ Geoscyphus: 4225

64 “~ ‘obovata. :22ee ae

27 Neckera pennata.. 5.22), 58, eee 6
75. Nephroma helvetica: “232-30
FTN ephromopsis ciliaris, 5, (ope eee

69 platyphylla..

74 Ochrolechia pallescens. .. 42 ..822%
81 ‘' var. fosellan wy

81 i tartarea/” 2 eae
67 Ocotea Catesbyanaz.: 4. ameeere

.. 64 Odontoschisma elongatum
SOF Opegrapha macularis:..s aoa

67 varia.

67 Panicum amarunm..)) 2 scsoe ee
67° ‘Rarmelia...55.0 ae 70. (70, Bg. 2), eS
46 ‘‘ aleurites:. ho eee 75
46 os ‘‘ var. diffusa
13, 43, 46 ‘(” @ambigtia 2g eee
13 * ‘* var. albescens.. .
13, 43, 44 “*" aurulenta. (ae
13 - diffusa. 2 acevo
3, 43, 45 ‘‘ enteromorpha: 2 eee
43-46 “. Flotowianajc 2a ae
BA NG) sg fuliginosa422 3 eee
13, 45 ‘. hyperoptay 2 ey oe
~ (43; 44, 46 “) “lugubris.. jase
. 44, 46 ‘| ODSeSSa. <a ean
45 “ perlatas P20 ee 8
13 “ * physodesn si. eure eames
13 ‘¢ - - pubescens.2525..0 5 ene
os spuidectar: ease 48, 60,715.74
44 on) Saxaltilis’ 0o2 eer 78
44 Parmeliella cyanolepraz.<. 4 Sater 8
46 : lepidiota 0 8 hae
18, 19 a microphylla. see
Parmeliopsis 31, 48, 69-74, (70, fig. 1)
60, 61 aleurites
43 (PI. XX, fig. 2), PULLS
46 oe ‘* var. diffusa
(Pl. XX, fig. 3), 72, 74
43 be ambigua
43 (PLA ex
43, 46 rf diffusa
81 (Pl. XX, fig.
79 in hyperopta}. 1...
67 o placorodia
13 (Pl. XX, fig.
102. Pedinophyllum interruptum

=i

Pewia epiplivila............... 43, 67

‘““ Fabroniana.. pa gn 17)

Peltigera apthosa. . Tiere

SARIN ES 2 pian ee cee a 82

ie © “membranacea..... /82

- MP SPOUITAY ea. vi aes 82

re MOlVGA Cty Ia. cts. ta. « 82

ELC Ce ee ee 82

J SUAS 10218 ae i IOI

x EMME ARMS: yas 1ee stayle Olena ke 82

‘H REVOIVCAS oiscsceie' « HS2

he multipuneta. ......%...... 82

“ POETUVISA oye sraher. sh ow waynes 82

a PRISM Dba cha spa Bere ase 82

Pudtonotis fontana............... 67

Physcia “00 Lees aco ioe sete en 84

eGispae: 3). NAGS

o interrupta var. sorediosa. . 76

« obscura var. endochrysea.. 68

a pulverulenta... ; 84

* icin] Age ee aera 84

RIPE SIEGMCTSIS., 0.6.5... eee v/s

Pilophoron COs KL hE 80

merracicularis,...-.) 80

EMOMUSIGOUUOTED. 5... cen bee ees TT

Be WMOMUCOIA 2... ee ke i

ai icida... wae. . 64, 72

Plagiochasma intermedium. Tig tk aN 17

JAPOMICUT: ..02. 20%. 17

ce MUIPEStTET: veo. . 60, 61

- Wreightii...... 17.60), 01

Plagiochila. . ie AS O7
rm asplenioides. a pee eg 6I

Plagiopus Oederi. . bt Shoe 107;

Plagiothecium denticulatum....... 67

latebricola. . . 48

Biauyeyrium repens.............. 98

Platysma diffusum... BRE ee ay Ac}

RORIGIOIN,.. 6.5... see 29, 49, 50

a alternifolium 50, 51 (Pl. V)

a Meevaks lowell... . 50

=a alent pei, 058% ee. 6 50

ve Bolanderi..... 50,(PiAV)

- StramMMein. «1. 'c.. ee 50

Poegenatum brevicaule............. 62

mena pulchella................. go

RMAC hee ik eee ee 79

Polytrichum alpinum. . S567,

SOMGUUM sou sk as 41, 44

fea@muius trichocarpa........... Fk Oho

RM os eave we es 46

emopiinata.. wees cc. OF

7 platyphylloides ACG a 67

Porothamnium parvitetes cc... s. 47

porrectulo. (6.0.2. 47

Porotrichodendron superbum...... 47

Porotrichum cavifolium........... 47
POUR re te ase Ua Rar paar Mie ee ee 29
PRCISGIa ae a eae es ee A 18, 19
ok Guha Ghatak We merece en in... 67
Prunus emarginata erecta......... vg
+ IMATILIM A ane ee ons et oee 63
Pseudotsuga mucronata.... 76, 79) pe
Psychothia undatias:6 ea eee
Pterygophyllum acuminatum.. as
acutifolium:. 22. ©. 100
* TWEENS ty, 88-5 3 ye 100
Pterygynandrum filiforme......... 67
Pelidiuni ciliate’. eee se ae 44
ue pulcherrimuns 3.7.05 46
Ptilium crista-castrensis.... 44, 67, 99
yrentila’ nitidas. 2.4. 2 sone 90, 99
a elabrata sss. aero
Pynulanarpuberar ..12-.cchye ae 100
Pyclsidiversiolia...0.% 4 9.2%. a. be a
SeustSILCHENSIS: (chs er! Oe 77
| Cee (01 Ea ieee ae aa ee 46
ie -COmmolanata..<sam ts ace 61, 67
Mec HAGGIGL Ate | Groat. ane oe 24
Fo) SODCOMICAY 1/4, ney tenner seat 67
Ramahinavintlata.... a. yess. ce OS
. Wenziesii: 5 .4421).. stoke 48
mM Fevictlata:, sien) cee OR
INE DOUNacy ake ae a. sec muetytes eee ae amend! 18
‘‘ hemispherica..... 60, 61
Rhabdoweisia denticulata......... 67

Rhacomitrium aciculare

92, 93,95 (96, PI. XXID)

iP aciculare Nevii
95 (96, Pl. XXIII)
s AlHMGe ble tess 92, 93
i Ganescens.. 44; .. QI-93
- eyclodictyon.. ©. 92; 93
7 depressum
92, 95 (96, Pl. XXIV), 98
fasciculare. . + 108
‘ heterostichum.... g2
lanuginosum.... 92, 93
7 Wacountic.... 5 a) 024.02
microcarpuni. .... O92
* ING Vilire: aes ees 95
e Palmerire iii. QI, 93
i patens
32, 92, 93 (94, PI. XXT)
1 protensum.. 0.2: ..98
“ sudeticum...... 92, 93
s “occidentale... 93
Y Varun... Ol, 92, 93
Rhamnus Purshiana. . TS ay,
Rhizocarpon geminatum. . .. 80
geographicum. . 80, 82
of WEUEVE UMM 2. ese. 80

— vili —

Rhododendron lapponicum........ 44
Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus....... 48
ERiqietiisn. a.ssen 99

Rhytidium rugesums. . 52 2). 43, 45
Riccardia pimguis'¢. «.:.se0. see 64
PE RICCIaAGeaG se Ger tee oe acl eee neta 21
Riccia Beyrichiana. . 23535
biburea atc hee eae ae 35

dee kal WC a: ak 26 ter tag eae 35, 60

i aGiCtyOspora va 25,30

me PIVESEUiniaNa 400). 3 5nca) 133134-30

bs hae CSG UCTCUXLIL » heAwanrear inno

" ) MeCallistert
CGPI Tile fie. 2) 25,26

oe VdOld Cea, 37.0 (Eo hie). 36
us sorocarpa. seh Me ee res
Recciella tuitanSs..) 8.0. one, ae et

Fy Sullivantiiy 2. seta, 00S
RAMoOdinaexde tla syn) wae oe lees 84
s plait sch ae dees ut AGO
% CUILAGEAs ee aye eee Od
i 12) EWU Mani eo eae eC NO. Lar 49, 60
Po IGA CC acm aratny OSE a re oe, 60

““ glaucescens
BO, (ble cies 60, 67
Sagedia cestrensis. pa en OO
Salix lasiandra Lyallii. Be ha mies ee Va
as 1 SCOMEGIATIC Weil). kon hs ecu, a7
Se AAU USI in ceued Neti yh eee ge Oe PAE
SaAuteriavalpinas, aka. es ee ae 13
Scapania Banthingiiee och nl aie an Mare
i GOnVvextlare 4 se ne oer: 46
s demntaiia tae a ea ae, Sete 43
Aig. ‘speciosa rion A5
y eh Ged b Yamin Reet aa ear pha 43
is MeEMIOLOSA a hes eee 46, 67
_ PALEdOSA sev. eae mere 13
Suiballpina rakes aaa
i UligtMOSae wre ae tie ee 13
a, Hitt ROSA wenger eter 13, 46
Fs undulata. . ioe I Oneeo7,
Schoeppia chrysophylloides inne 26
Selacimellac es ce nat weeny ee 81
Seligeria...... re Rae Bee eee 29
Sematophyllum carolinianum...... 67
Slinaruba clawGay deren. seqee ey eae 26
Solidago. <a hanes ates: 43
SoOlOMiNaicrocea ne 4 Marthe nes 81
Spathiser tigidanw, jae ce ee 26
_Sphaerophorus globosus....... 78, 79
Sphagnum, «52.444 28, 29, 43, 44, 98
. (group Cuspidata)...... 84
(group Squarrosa)...... 89
iy acutiwialinum ss iy te an we 65
amblyphyllum gr Gee 86, 88

var. parvifolium... 87

Sphagnum angustifolium? aye 87
annulatumy S73 ee

es balticum............ 86-88
hi cuspida tunis. ier 86, 87
+ ‘““ var. brevifolium 87, 88
i fallax... <i. 2 eee 86
ss intermedium...... 84, 88
i inundatuMm 20) ees
+ Jensenii... , 22 88
ic mendocinunt.7 cae 89
is parvifolium,<. 3.) 87
i: PFOpiiqgulli ss. ae eee
3 pulchricoma: ane 85, 86
a pulchrumiaeee 86, 88, 89
ns recurvum. 84-89

amblyphyllum 86
angustifolium.. 86

- re balticum j=): 86
a a mucronatum... 86
u * parvulum.. 87-88
, ‘S pulchrum.. 86, 88
" “ tentie:) 2.5: 87, 88
ny riparigides. ..-f 0. eee 85
ie squarrosuml. 7 eee 65
bh subsecundum.... 64, 85, 89
_ teres... te eee 9
Sphenolobus exsectaeformis....... 46
exsectus. oa ee Sea
a minutus... -:.. ee ies
a politus 4.2.7 eee Ls
Sphinctrina turbinata;?e ae ee 99
Stereocaulon paschale var. conglo-
meratum. ... 6/5033) eee 80
Sqilamaria...)... 2435 74
Sticta anthraspis. ....3.c5 eee 81
SwartZia.. j.0. 1...) deste gee
“-") inelmata, uiae e 52, (PL Vb)
"9 Montana ela sf GPA,
Targionia hypophylla*s 7 7. iene
Taxus brevifolia. .....\37):2eseecaneee eS
Tectaria minima: -..../23.9) ee 24
Temnoma setiforme. i.%2, oe 44
Thamnium allegheniense.......... 67
Thamnolia vermicularis. .-. 2... / aon 80 ©
Thelia asprella... 22 38 98
“Lescurit... 5.2, «2a ee go
Thelotrema lepadinum........... 79
Thuidium delicatulum: .. S22).
Thuja plicata. . 2.3.33 76
Tortella caespitosa *).... 5.500 eee AI
. tortuosa.. ....cc3 0a 67
Trichodon. . ae . 49, 50, 52
rf borealis... . . 52 53 (PI. pe
cylindricus. .

. tenuifolius 52, 53 (PL. vit
Trichomanes Kraussii: -.. eee

ESP ones

Wiehomanes sphenoides.........- 24
Trichostomum conicum. ee 52
a cylindricum.. . nf Many

. MexMicaAtles coh .es 56

a heteromallum...... 58

4 tenwiroltum. .).7.. 1. 52
iteuearneterophylla.............. vege
Peoerertensiatia. 0.0... bee Ti
Miig@ramanmentcana.)....././....... 67
Rewmopuylla.c..0....2.525.. 98

lWsnea dacypogae crm werk. 84:
oy hOniGal. ne teat. Ca AS eae 83
tide: SIT Cant ema ee ee ee ae, ON Sd 84
2 I Caban tena Wie ane males 78, 84
Vacciniumwliginosim =... 352.42... 44
: Vitisldacari ihe. AA
Verrucania) nigrescensy.))i. 4; 9.1.02 °70
: i pulverulentac ges 4.) oe 79
Xanthogia polycauoa ast wa. wt het 84
Zama puIilaey hotties ae eee 26

INDEX TO TITLES

Arizona Hepaticae, Preliminary
List of. Alexander W. Evans 60-62

Bryologist, The Early History of
the, and the Sullivant Moss
Society. Annie Morrill Smith 1-8

Bryophytes, List of Writings on,
by Rev. E. J. Hill. Agnes Chase 41

Buxbaumia indusiata Bridel, Note
on. Ralph S. Nanz.. 64

iiorinaca crispa, Unusual Hab-
LLeLY CHS? Ig einen a 101

Catharinaea, Four-lobed Spore
Mother-cells in. [Note]..... 64-66

Cephalozia Francisct on Long Is-

fects NOY .>Idabitat of. Roy
LQ ICO E00 et i 63-64
Connecticut, The Vegetation of.
SE Ge 66-68
Cooked Lichens for Food. [Note] 32
Camptothecium, A Fossil. A. J.
Sku. Jog (See
Ditrichaceae, Illustrated Key to

the Western. T. C. Frye.. 49-60
Early History, The, of the Bry-
ologist and the Sullivant Moss
Society. Annie Morrill Smith.. 1-8
ilsworth Jerome Hill. [Obituary
Notice] Albert E. Hill... . 39-40
Exchange Department
TGs. 325 45, O8,'90;,.102
Foniinalis gigantea Twenty-eight
moenes Wong. A. T. Beals...7. 101
Food, Cooked Lichens for. [Note] 32
Four-lobed Spore Mother-cells in
Catharinaea. [Note]. . . 64-66
Fossil Camptothecium, eee Js
Sh 2 a a ee 9
Genus, The, Parmeliopsis of Ny-
lander. Lincoln W. Riddle.. 69-76
Germination of Moss Spores on
Agar, Some Experiments on the.
Waisy,|. Levy..... .. 62-63

Habitat of Cephalozia Franctsct on
Long Island; Nii Yo Roy, bat

ham.. WU O3=04
Habitats, ‘Undeaale ‘Elizabeth M.
Dunham. . 98-99

Hand- -sectioning, “Safety- -razor
Bia GleS. (lOT ty Si ste ae es, as 15-16
Hepaticae, Notes on North Ameri-
can—VII. Alexander W. Evans 17-28
Hepaticae of Mt. Ktaadn, Notes
on the. Annie Lorenz.... 41-46
Hepaticae, Preliminary List of
Arizona. Alexander W. Evans
60-62
Hermann Edward Hasse—Lichen-
ESE il INOUE) tes evn ce. caine tues, Sona ata 66
Illustrated Key to the Western

Ditrichaceae. T.C. Frye... 49-60
Lichens of the Mt. Monadnock
Region, N. H.—No. 8. Thomas

Divia tec eee re amor nr cyte 47-48
Lichens of the Mt. Monadnock
Region, N. H.—No. 9. Thomas
Dutlees ek eee Als Oe cee 99
Lichens of Whatcomb County,
Washington, Preliminary Notes
onithe (Ai -G. Metres. 4, 70-04
List of Writings on Bryophytes
by Rev. E. J. Hill. Agnes Chase 41
Meeting, The New York, of the
Sullivant Moss Society. Ed-
ward) Ba ‘Chamberlain. 5...°.. 29-32
Moss Notes—I. A. J. Grout.. 37-38
Miscellaneous Notes
1A—16,-22,°43, 64-68, LOL
Mosses as Travertine Builders... I01

Mt. Monadnock Region, N. H.,
Lichens of the.—No. 8. Thomas
|S iia Cere eRe Re Rr ans amie ae 47-48

Mt. Monadnock Region, N. H.,

Lichens of the.—No. 9. Thomas
JIB bf ee pare ANNA AEN Ao 2 ene 99 ,

Musci Novi Paraguensis.
BrOUherse: tees oe ae eee eee 47
Notes on North American Hep-
aticae—VII. Alexander W.
VANISH sie. eee eet ata 17-28
Notes on North American Species
of Riccia. Marshall A. Howe 33-36
“Notes on North American Sphag-
num—VII. A. LeRoy Andrews
84-89
Notes on the Hepaticae of Mt.
Ktaadn. Annie Lorenz..... 41-46
Note on Buxbaumia indusiata
Bride Ralphs: Nanz ue 64
Parmeliopsis of Nylander,
Genus. Lincoln W. Riddle. 69-76
Pterygophyllum acuminatum at Ohio
Pyle, Pennsylvania. OSE:
Pennine Gie.c cee Ce ne ee ie 100
Reports, Annual, see Sullivant
Moss Society
Reviews. Short Notes...... 100-101
The Moss Flora of New York City
and Vicinity by A. J. Grout.
John M. Holzinger.......... 91-98
Rhacomitriums of Western North
America, The. T. C. Frye. 91-98
Riccia, Notes on North American
Species of. Marshall A. Howe
33-36
Some Experiments on the Ger-
mination of Moss Spores on Agar.
Daisy Je Bevver. a5. . 62-63

=

Sphagnum, Notes on North Ameri-

can—VII. A, LeRoy Andrews
84-89
Sullivant Moss Society.
Annual Reports for IgI6:

President, Elizabeth G. Britton,

9-10; Secretary-Treasurer, Ed-
ward B. Chamberlain, 10-12;
Curator of Moss Herbarium,

George B. Kaiser, 12-13; Curator
of the Hepatic Herbarium, George
H. Conklin; Curator of the Lichen
Herbarium, Charles C. Plitt, 14.

The Early History of the
Bryologist and the. Annie Mor-
rill Smith... 4:2.) eee 1-8

The New York Meeting of
the. Edward B. Chamberlain.

16-32

Notes.) 4.4.30 eee 16-32

Officers Elected for 1917...... 2
Travertine Builders, Mosses as.

[Note] s. oon. cba ee 101
Unusual Habitats. Elizabeth M

Dunham. . >... Si. Sa 98-99
Vegetation of Connecticut, The.

[Partial Review)... 3 see 66-68

Washington, Preliminary Notes on
the Lichens of | Whatcomb

INDEX TO AUTHORS

Andrews; No LeROY. ne 0.5 a ten 84-89
Britton, elizabeth Ge... g-10
Beotherus avs | a Beasts eth iy,

Chamberlain, Edward B.
10-12, ee 32, 100-101

Chase, Agnes. . ee ee te eT
~Conklin, George MRS Raa 13-14
Dunham, Elizabeth M.. 12, 98-99
Durfee, ‘iomas. eee _ 47-48, 99
Evans, Alexander W.... 17-28, 60-62
rey ey eb eh ene aa, 49-60, 91-98
Groutg; A. Wise ake 9, 37-38
ere; (Ar Gis laden oe ete 76-84

County. A. C. Heres 2 76-84
Western North America, The
Rhacomitriums of. T.C. Frye
gI-98
Hill, Albert Ey oxic. aoe 39-40
Holzinger, John. Wo... 28-29
Howe, Marshall Aj. 3eeee 33736
Jennings, O. E. .
14-16, es ote —68, 100, IOI
Kaiser, George B...... 12-13
Latham, ROyin>. ....2/ a eee 63-64.
Levy, Daisy Jee ee 62-63
Lorenz, Annie... >: <7 32a 41-46
Nanz, Ralph S... 2. ce eee 64
Plitt, Charles: Cc...) os) ee 14
Riddle, Lincoln, W.. ....22. 2) a Gs
Smith, Anmie Moral. 22 1-8

INDEX TO PLATES AND FIGURES

Buxbaumia aphy lla. a.) ee ee
innGiusiaitaly. od. Mer eee ees
Camptothecivuim Woldenay \.¥.4 ae kein

ee ee we ew ww

fw! ‘oe eh isp ieee, Bie.

MEO OI GONTCUS. 0 0 oe ee es eo Pie x hess 1=3,.p. 54
. Bit DUE ISS, ca IOS mene eae a Pl. X, figs. 1-8, p. 54
@immuey- Pond, Mt. Ktaadn.........:........... Hige.1,,p: 42
Cololejeunea Se MOS sie oy ok oP II, figs. 5-14, p. 27
Ditrichum WELD LIOR. SAO EE a ee ee ae P| XN hes 71S, 56
JIC ODO ist Ss DRESSERS eRe eae velo Ply XSIVe figs, 1-7, p57
sr TROUT Bin Bat ee ey oe el (lb NIE sie OS ess loess
, VAICLONTIOUUNU pS No ieee. sues shes wee tee Pl. XVI, figs. ae p. 58
% ERTL et OO cee ae eee Pl. XV, figs. 1-5, p. a
- DILLON UTD Ris oetlngar paisa tReet ae Oe at ae an Pa XVIII, figs. I- be
x SB DIETO yee Ekg Ne ee ge ae en eee 1d aL figs. I- ae
mesenwuronre lamellata...........+%.-..0.4...-++. PL. TI, figs. I-4, p. ae
Parmeliopsis GNIS Ee) I ara aa PIS Xe fig. 32
NAG CUUIUSC ree ce he ls con's gio lk, De oe
e TUDE Meee es, Re ny ts ly RIL Xe hig
- WS OSS AS 5 cRAM LO e e PI OCX figs 5
* (COROLLA OE ee a EXO Ao, oT
Pleuridium ECD OVUUI A es oc a has eet. 88a Pie Wy figs: a p. 51
WON OMUCIT Ae saeii MiMi s ote cnt wiped seed he Pl. IV, figs. 1-8, p.-50
Eomola and Chimney Pond, Mt. Ktaadn,......... Figs 2; padd
Rhacomitrium (SOOL NO) ROEN ace Ge e ee e lak xOCT figs. I-6, p. 96
7 CON CEI Dalen et SA ee a Pi. XXIII, figs. I- 56, Daoy
zi WC PIESSULME Se Wilma Ce ae < ca khmer i: Pile SING figs. I-10, p. 97
ae OLE Ren Se t,o ents oe JUPAS XOX figs. I-10, <p. OF:
0G DUS OCIS i Pl Tile fiese2
ae OICTC ATH, 9 A Ria eel ee Pl LS fe eer
ASSES OE GIST 1 a a ee Pl. XIX, figs. 1-7, p. 59
Sterigmata and spermatia of Parmeliopsis.......... Figs; p. 70
Stcmemata and spermatia of Parmelia............. Fig. 2, p. 70
BI AOMIOWMUIMG oo we ed ce eee Pl. VI, figs. 1-8, p. 51
es COS TO TRO OO Oe na, TE ae ee ae a ear REVI, figs 12 6p. 52
OL DD UOW NTA Oa a a a PIE: figs. 1 30epe54
zs SO DOGS OE eg ae a Pl. VIN, figs) 1-7; 9.52
Whatcomb County, Sas ae Sketch map. .:... Pio ete pay
ERRATA

Page 94, read PLATE XXI.
Page 96, read PLATE XXII.
Page 97, for PLATE XXII read PLATE XXIII and for XXIII read XXIV.

VOLUME XX

eS Oye.
LPG JANUARY, 1917 F< <

THE BRYOLOGIS |

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY 0°"

Conducted and Published for the Society by

eee
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief “A PEE A |

Associate Editors Ne 9, Oneal Mi
ABEL JOEL GROUT. Ph.D. Mee ees
GEORGE N. BEST. M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER. MS.

ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CO-NGEE NPIS

The Early History of the Bryologist and the Sullivant Moss

Society Annie Morrill Smith = 1
A Fossil Camptothecium | . ed Ghoul © a0
Annual Reports—Sullivant Moss Society—1916

Report of the President — ‘Elizabeth G. Britton 9

Report of the Secretary-Treasurer
Edward B. Chamberlain 70
Report of Election of Officers Elizabeth M. Dunham 12
Report, Curator of the Moss Herbarium
George B. Kaiser 12

Report, Hepatic Department - George H. Conklin 73
Report, Lichen Department Charles C. Plitt 14
Miscellaneous Notes 14
Sullivant Moss Society Notes 16
Exchange Department 16

Entered as second-class matter August 2Ist, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1917, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE NOVEMBER NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST wWaAs PUBLISHED DECEMBER 15, 1916.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of

THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35. Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Single copies, 25cents. Vols. I- XIX, 1898-1916, $19.00.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

Checks, except New York City, MUST contain 10 cents extra for collection
fee. Manuscripts should be sent to Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Forms close on the first of the month prior to that
of publication. Subscriptions and advertisements should be sent to Dr. O. E.
Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.

ADVISORY BOARD
OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOocIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith ... 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C.. Plitt, 2achens 2038
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

ynoir) LINACTOM WOIDHHLOLAINYV,)

LSIOOTIOAUA

Way dd XX 104

ie bey OLO Gio

VoL. XX JANUARY, I917 No. I

THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE BRYOLOGIST AND THE SULLIVANT
MOSS SOCIETY

ANNIE MorRILL SMITH

In the early fall of 1898 Mrs. Britton told me of the plan to form a society
devoted to the study of mosses, and asked me if I would become a member and
help to work it up. In January of that year there had appeared a new depart-
ment of the Fern Bulletin edited by Willard N. Clute, called the Moss Depart-
ment, publishing four pages under the editorship of A. J. Grout. Dr. Grout
was then living in Plymouth, New Hampshire. He said in the opening para-
graph, “This department is opened with the purpose cf enabling any one at
all interested in mosses to get some knowledge of those plants without excessive
labor or expense. The editor will try also to identify for subscribers difficult
specimens accompanied by notesand postage. It isalso hoped that the BULLETIN
may become a medium for communication of bryological notes of interest in
the same way that has been so admirably done in the case of ferns and fernallies.”’
Thus was launched the first number, as a four-page moss department of the
Fern Bulletin. The response was most gratifying and the second number was
increased to eight pages and headed ‘‘The Bryologist, a Department of the
Fern Bulletin, Edited by Dr. A. J. Grout.”

In the July number the desire for an organization for the study of mosses was
announced. A Chapter somewhat on the same lines as the Fern Chapter was
proposed, and all who wished to join such a Chapter were requested to communi-
cate with Dr. Grout so that the organization could be completed before fall. The
first article in the October number by Dr. Grout, states that the proposed Moss
Chapter had received support beyond the expectation of editor and friends, as
not only beginners but several prominent moss students had volunteered their
support. To quote, ‘‘It is therefore proposed to form a correspondence Chapter .
of the Agassiz Association for the study of mosses, with a constitution similar to
that of the Linnaean Fern Chapter. It seems appropriate that this Chapter
should be called ‘The Sullivant Moss Chapter’ after that ‘Prince of American
Bryologists’ William Starling Sullivant.”

Mrs. Britton, Mr. Clute, editor of the Fern Bulletin, and Dr. Grout, editor
of THE BRYOLOGIST, acted as a committee to name officers for the first year, and
their appointment was published in the January number, Dr. Grout acting as
Secretary-Treasurer pro tem. till that time. The officers for 1899 were: Presi-
dent, A. J. Grout; Vice-President, Prof. J. Franklin Collins, of Providence, R. I.;
Secretary-Treasurer, Misaaanme “Morrill, smith, Brooklyn. N: ¥. These

The November number of the BRYOLOGIST was published December 15, 1916.

— 2 —

officers were to draft a constitution, which with the list of 34 Charter members
was distributed early in the year, and adopted prior to April, 1899. The Chap-
ter was to be entitled to a page in each issue of THE BryoLoaist for notes and
news items. The annual dues were to be 50 cents for Active, and 25 cents for
Associate members, both classes to receive THE BRYOLOGIST free, also such
offerings of mosses as would be from time to time distributed.

The 29 Active Charter Members were:

Mrs. Emilia C. Anthony—Gouveneur, N. Y.

Mr. William C. Barbour—Sayre, Pa.

Miss Elizabeth Billings—Woodstock, Vt.

Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton—New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park,
New York

Mrs. R. H. Carter—Laconia, N. H.

Mr. Edward B. Chamberlain—Brunswick, Me.

Mrs. Louis N. Chapin—55 Pineapple Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Mr. Willard N. Clute—New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, N. Y.
Prof. J. Franklin Collins—468 Hope Street, Providence, R. I.

Rev. Charles H. Demetrio—Emma, Lafayette Co., Mo.

Prof. Alvah A. Eaton—Seabrook, N. H.

Mr. Wallace Greenalch—Schuylerville, N. Y.

Dr. A. J. Grout—Plymouth, N. H.

Miss Mary E. Hart—Dept. Biology, Western College, Oxford, O.

Mr. J. Warren Huntington—Amesbury, Mass.

Mrs. Josephine D. Lowe—4305 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

Mr. William R. Maxon—N. Y. Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, N. Y.
Mr. Frank E. McDonald—417 California Ave., Peoria, Ill.

Miss Nellie Mirick—38 East Walnut Street, Oneida, N. Y.

Mrs. Adele D. Moore—170 East First Street, Corning, N. Y.

Miss Lura L. Perrine—State Normal School, Valley City, N. D.

‘Mr. C. F. Saunders—307 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith—78 Orange Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Mrs. Mary L. Stevens—6 Holyoke Place, Cambridge, Mass.
Mr. W. H. Stultz—203 West Second Street, Duluth, Minn.
Miss Esther H. Thempson—Box 407, Litchfield, Conn.

Miss Edith A. Warner—78 Orange Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Mr. John A. Wheeler—Milford, N. H.

Mr. Francis Windle—3 South High Street, West Chester, Pa.

Associate Members

Miss Alice L. Crockett—Camden, Me.

Miss Alice E. Dacy—28 Ward Street, South Boston, Mass.
Prof. John M. Holzinger—Winona, Minn.

Mr. Joseph Jackson—15 Woodland Street, Worcester, Mass.
Mr. Charles D. Lippincot—Swedesboro, N. Y.

ae nae

The Members were 34 in all.. Associate Members were soon merged with
the Active, as after the first few months all were found to be active. Of
these 34, five have died: Mrs. Emilia C. Anthony, March 17, 1904; Mrs. Adele
D. Moore, in 1901 or 1902; Mr. John A. Wheeler, Sept. 4, 1905; Prof. A. A. Eaton,
Sept. 29, 1908, and Mrs. Mary L. Stevens, Sept. 17, 1907. Mrs. Stevens, it will
be remembered, left a bequest to the Society including her fine compound micro-
scope. Twelve have resigned or been lost track of, leaving 17 Charter Members
listed on January Ist, 1916. Rev. Charles H. Demetrio and Mr. J. Warren
Huntington have written cordial letters of greeting at this time.

The first ticket for election of officers was printed in the October, 1899,
issue with Mrs. M. L. Stevens, Judge of Elections. Candidates for President
were Miss Mary E. Hart and Dr. A. J. Grout; for Vice-Pres., J. Franklin Collins
and W. R. Maxon; for Sec.-Treas., Miss Harriet L. Wheeler and Mrs. Smith.
Result—the election of Messrs. Grout and Collins and Mrs. Smith.

With the January, 1900, number THE BRYOLOGIST began an independent
existence, a fully fledged magazine, with covers and all complete, under the
joint editorship of Dr. Grout and myself, with 58 members listed and a subscrip-
tion list of 203 in addition; that is, 261 copies were sent out.

Just here it may be well to clear away the haze which even at this date obscures
some of the facts. Strange as it may seem, it is even now too late to be quite
certain as to who first thought of having a moss society. Some years ago I con-
templated writing an historical sketch for THE BRYOLOGIST, at the time I turned
it over to the Society, and in trying to put words on paper I found my own mem-
ory at fault. I consulted Dr. Grout and he gave me little satisfaction. Mrs.
Britton, when asked who first thought of the idea, would neither claim it for
herself, nor impute it to either Dr. Grout or Mr. Clute. It probably shares with
so many other large and glorious enterprises and inventions, in being the joint
product of several brains. It certainly originated within the trio just named,
though I personally feel that Dr. Grout was responsible for starting THE Bry-
OLOGIST, and that Mrs. Britton stands as the God-Mother of The Sullivant Moss
Chapter, and that it is a happy coincidence that she is now our honored Presi-
dent. To many unacquainted with the inner history of the Society it may
seem late in the day to pay her this honor, but I can assure you she has always
refused heretofore to act in this capacity, though often urged. She has however
in an unofficial capacity always done her full share to promote the interests of
the Society as well as its magazine.

As you have noted I have used so far ‘‘Chapter’”’ more frequently than ‘‘So-
ciety.” From the first I personally was not in favor of placing our organization
under the wing of the Agassiz Association, as at that time the latter was only
emerging from a protracted sleep. Mr. Clute’s only contribution so far as I am
aware was insisting on our becoming a Chapter of the Agassiz Association with
which he had affiliations. It was soon found that we were tied to a moribund
association, and we dropped that connection after the first year. The Chapter
paid the Agassiz Association membership dues only that first year, and on Janu-
ary I, 1899, the President, Mr. Harlan H. Ballard, Pittsfield, Mass., was notified

re A oe

that nothing further might be expected from us, that we considered the connec-
tion at an end. No reply being received I considered my duty done. Unfor-
tunately being entirely new to the editorial business, and not wishing ta carry
things with too high a hand I let the statement on the inside of the cover stand
for some time after this discontinuance, and even yet a communication to the
Sullivant Moss Chapter of the Agassiz Association will occasionally be received.

Volumes 1 and 2 were edited by Dr. Grout. With volume 3 (1900) I took
up the work, and till volume 9, 1906, our names appear jointly associated, though
with the first number of volume 3, I became also proprietor and solely responsible
for the management and financing of THE BrRyoLoaist. It was our plan to work
together, share and share alike in the good or evil fortunes of the journal. The
agreement dated November 16, 1899, is ‘‘Dr. Grout and Mrs. Smith begin work
together on THE BRYOLOGIST, share and share alike.’’ On that date I sent Mr.
Clute $25.00 and took over his share of the interest in the magazine, crediting a
like amount to Dr. Grout ‘‘For stock in trade, good-will, etc.’’ On November
24, 1899, I paid Mr. Clute $15.00, thereby getting all the back numbers, making
my initial outlay $40.00, and for that sum I was the proud owner of various
bundles of magazines, plates, electros, etc., and I proceeded to run things as
near as I could to my ideals. Of course I had to learn the business, and made
many mistakes and committed many extravagances. In order to have a free
hand without criticism from a financial point of view, I soon took all the re-
sponsibility and made up from year te year the deficit, amounting at last to
$2131.28, out of my own pocket, counting it my contribution to the advance-
ment of science. You see my aim was to publish a perfect number and then
give up the work, but alas this was never realized, though the later numbers
were a vast improvement on the earlier.

As has been stated, the first four volumes were issued quarterly. With Janu-
ary, 1902, volume 5, THE BRYOLOGIST became a bi-monthly of 20 pages, later
increased to 24. It is still a bi-monthly though one of my dreams had been to
make it a monthly. Alas I was nct young and strong encugh to do all I would
have liked doing. During 1909 I became convinced that a younger person as
editor would do better work, and began to look for such a one, going to Boston
where our Society held its 6th meeting in connection with the A. A. A. S. in the
hope of there finding him. On returning from Cambridge on the afternoon of
December 31st, I fell on the ice and broke my arm, being incapacitated for
several months. During this time Miss Warner, my ever faithful co-worker,
with Dr. Grout’s supervision gct out the two succeeding numbers.

A plan had been devised and was sent out in a circular letter dated Decem-
ber 9th, 1910, stating that THE Bryo.oaist had grown from a four-page quarterly
to a 24-page bi-monthly, and the Society from 34 to over 200 members. To the
Society I proposed to give all my interest in the journal, turn over all back num-
bers, including the Ten-Year Index, with plates, book accounts, and so called
‘‘sood-will,”’ the journal to be published for the Society by an Editor-in-chief and
a board of Associate Editors. The re-organization was completed in January,
I9II, as explained by a second letter dated February Ist, and Dr. Grout was

a ie

appointed Editor-in-chief. Dr. Grout accepted this office with reluctance, and
only after great pressure from friends of the enterprise had been brought to bear,
as absolutely no one could be found at that time willing to undertake the work.
Dr. Grout took it at great personal sacrifice to ensure its continuance, adding
thereby a heavy burden to his High School duties. The Advisory Board, con-
sisting of the officers af the Society, became responsible for the publication, and
four Associate Editors were appointed representing the four groups treated of in
THE BRYOLOGIST, namely: Acrocarpous Mosses, Prof. John M. Holzinger;
Pleurocarpous Mosses, Dr. George N. Best; Hepatics, Dr. Alexander W. Evans;
Lichens, Prof. Lincoln W. Riddle.

It may not be out of place at this time to emphasize what the Society has done
in the way of promoting interest in the mosses, and indirectly in making possible
such books as Dr. Grout’s ‘‘ Mosses with a Hand-lens’’; a second edition ‘‘ Mosses
with hand-lens and Microscope, including the Hepatics’’; and the third large
volume ‘‘ Mosses,’”’ published in 1903. Prof. Fink has repeatedly expressed to
me his appreciation cf the way in which his series of articles was illustrated and
published, as they brought him to the notice of a wide circle of readers and cre-
ated a demand for, and fostered further studies culminating in his volumes on
the lichens. And we all take pride, I know, in the volume ‘“‘ How to Know the
Mosses,”’ recently published by Mrs. Elizabeth M. Dunham, one of our members
since 1904. The series of special articles which appeared in the earlier volumes,
are worthy of note, as they formed the first popular treatment of the genera,
save for that pioneer series of Mrs. Britton’s in The Observer. For many of us
those articles were the foundation on which we reared our later work—they
formed the bridge which connected with the Manual.

Then in field work we might fairly claim to have promoted exploration when
we recall the collections of A. S. Foster in Oregon and Washington; Severin Rapp
in Florida; A. L. Brinkman in British Columbia and Alberta; the late C. C.
Kingman in Southern California; Miss Crockett in Maine, and gthers who con-
tributed ample material for the curators to work up. We should also mention
the large number of foreign correspondents, men and women of note in all coun-
tries of Europe and Australia, to whom we owe gratitude for material gifts, also
for their inspiration to nobler endeavor.

It should be explained that, almost from the first, hepatics and lichens had
been sent in for determination, as beginners often confused the groups when
found growing together with the mosses. I began at once to form a Chapter
Herbarium of mosses, and it was exhibited at the second meeting of the Sullivant
Moss Chapter held June 27, 1900, in the Museum Building of the New York
Botanical Garden, consisting of 153 sheets. At this time it was proposed to add
hepatics and lichens, and Mr. William C. Barbour undertook the hepatics, and
Mrs. Carolyn W. Harris, the lichens. The first number of her long and fine
series was on “The Usneas,”’ illustrated by a beautiful plate in January, 1901.
In the next issue, April, Mr. Barbour began his series on Hepatics with a study
of Marchantia and Conocephalum, and each took charge of the herbarium for
their special group. Thus was started the three-fold herbarium of the Society

Mena ye

now reaching large proportions under Dr. Conklin and Miss Haynes for the
Hepatics, and Mr. C. C. Plitt for the Lichens, and Mr. Kaiser the Mosses.

If time permitted it would be interesting to dwell on the names of those
early contributors to the success of the Society and its journal. Among them
stands out as lichenists, Mrs. Carolyn W. Harris, who was constant in her devo-
tion till her death in May, 1910. Prof., now Dr. Bruce Fink was a contributor |
from March, 1903, closing his most valuable series on Cladonias in March, 1908.
Mr. G. K. Merrill, Mr. R. Heber Howe, Jr., and our late Curator, Dr. H. E.
Hasse, continued valued contributors. For the Hepaticae, Dr. Underwood till
his death in 1907; Dr. Evans, Miss Haynes, and Miss Lorenz, all three happily
still with us. For the Mosses, Dr. George N. Best, whose carefully written let-
ters of elucidation of doubtful species were a boon to Miss Warner and me in our
studies during those early years. Then Prof. Holzinger, Mr. Williams, and Mrs.
Britton were ever ready to respond to all calls, either for manuscript or help in
determinations.

If Mrs. Britton were not with us today I would feel more free tc record the
great debt which not only the Society but which I, personally, owe to her ever
ready advice and helpful criticism in all times of need. If it had not been for
Mrs. Britton’s constant companionship and willingness to hear all my trials,
and help solve the many problems as they arose, I would never have been able
to do my part of the work. Tc her I owe my education in the study of crypto-
gams, and in fact all that I have accomplished in this line in the eighteen years
since beginning the work in 1898.

It cnly remains to record the public meetings which we have held in connec-
tion with the American Asscciation for the Advancement of Science, this being
our eleventh session. I have spoken cf the meeting of June 27th, 1900, as our
second, though the first, held the year previous at Columbus, Ohio, can hardly
be called a meeting of the Society in any true sense, but we were glad through
Mrs. Britton, to take even a small part in the memorial meeting to William Star-
ling Sullivant and. Leo Lesquereux, held in their home city, in August, 1899.
The third meeting was held in Philadelphia, in 1904; the fourth here in New
York, in 1906; the fifth in Baltimore in 1908; the sixth in Boston in 1909; the
seventh in Minneapolis in 1910, where Dr. Conklin did so much to make the
meeting a success. The eighth meeting was in Washington, D. C., in 1911; the
ninth in Brooklyn in 1913, at the Museum Building of the Brooklyn Institute
of Arts and Sciences. The late Mr. Morris doing the honors of the Museum, and
Dr. Gager taking us on a walk through the grounds of the Botanic Garden, since
enriched by a unique Japanese Garden. The roth meeting was in Philadelphia
in 1914, and today we are holding the eleventh.

It will be seen from this rapid survey how close the connection has been
between the Sullivant Moss Society and THE BryoLocist. The journal start-
ing first, and hinting in its opening paragraph as serving as a medium for com-
munication between students interested in more definite study, the association
of such students soon followed, and their history has ever been identical, each
serving as an essential support for the other. I have chronicled the main events

arent / Saat

only, prior to the closer union in IQII, giving ancient history, leaving the chap-
ters of modern history for those who are so ably carrying on the work. May the
Society and its journal live long years, doing much needed work in furthering
the study of Mosses, Hepatics and Lichens.

78 ORANGE ST., BROOKLYN, N. Y.

Inasmuch as copies of the following letters from Mrs. Smith to Society Mem-
bers and Subscribers are now rare, it has been thought desirable to print them
not only for their interest in connection with the preceding historical review
but also as a matter of more general accessibility. Mrs. Smith has suggested
cutting them down but we feel that they should be preserved intact.—EDIToR.

December 9th, 1910.

The Sullivant Moss Society, founded in 1898, has grown from the original
34 Charter members to over two hundred, and THE Bryo.LoaistT from a four
page quarterly toa bimonthly of 24 pages, with a world-wide circulation. Since
January I, 1900, I have been solely responsible for the running of THE BRYOLO-
GIST, both editorially and financially. Dr. Grout’s name, by virtue of his start-
ing THE Bryo_oaisT, which for two years, 1898 and 1899, was published as a
Department of The Fern Bulletin, has always been associated with mine as
editor but the responsibility whether for good or ill has been mine. In addition
to this work I have been the Treasurer of the Sullivant Moss Society and have
supervised its work, keeping two sets of books and looking after all the details
of the double enterprise.

Since assuming proprietorship I have paid out to date $2132.98 more than
I have received, which I consider my contribution to the advancement of science
during the past eleven years. This average amount, I am no longer able to con-
tinue. The mechanical work has also outgrown my physical strength. These
two reasons combine to make a reorganization necessary at once.

The following plan is submitted: An Editor-in-chief and a board of Associate
Editors to be appointed from Society members, and to become responsible, pro
rata, for the financing of THE BryoLocist. The editions must be paid for as
issued, requiring the equivalent of a working capital, as receipts come in small
amounts through the year. At the close of each year the small deficit (if any)
to be divided among the six persons who are pledged to sustain the work for the
year.

On my part I turn over to the Society all back numbers, Ten Year Index,
plates and the so-called good-will of the journal, book accounts, etc. There isa
steady income from the sale of back numbers; the file as it stands to date bringing
in $12.50. This includes the Ten Year Index and subscription to volume XIV,
1911, which will certainly be continued on some basis. Volume II is out of
print and several numbers are becoming low; fortunately they are the earlier
and smaller numbers and detract little from the usefulness of the work as a whole.
Some plan may be devised to allow of their reprinting. So much for the few
who have this work especially in hand.

On behalf of the Society members at large and the general subscribers, it is
proposed to raise the Society dues to $1.50, and the subscription price to $1.25.
This is expected to virtually divide the deficit among the members at large, who,
heretofore, have contributed little else than dues to the work of the Society, and
among the general subscribers.

If you favor the continuation of the Sullivant Moss Society, and THE Bry-
OLOGIST conducted as outlined, please write your response—whether in favor of,

—s —

or suggesting changes—to me at once, so that consensus of opinion may be
determined and report made in the January number of THE BRYOLOGIST.

Respectfully submitted,
ANNIE MorRILL SMITH.

February Ist, 1911.

The plan of reorganization as outlined in my recent circular letter has been
modified in order to embody some of the suggestions of those who kindly gave
time and thought to the matter. The large number of replies was a source of
surprise and gratification. The Society being now the owner of THE BRYOLOGIST
outfit, its officers become, logically, the Advisory Board, including the curators
of the Herbaria and Foreign Exchanges, eight in all. The Officers for 1911 have
appointed Dr. A. J. Grout Editor-in-chief, with the office of publication at New
Dorp, New York. As Associate Editors, Dr. Best, Dr. Evans, Profs. Holzinger
and Riddle have consented to serve.

Some misapprehension has arisen from my too brief statement as to the deficit.
The question has been asked: Why cana new and untried plan succeed financially
when you have failed to make ends meet? ‘The answer is this: I felt free to use
my own money in ways I would not have done had I been accountable to a So-
ciety or any person or persons. Owing to ill health I was obliged to employ a
high priced city printer who could and would come to me instead of my going to
his office. In this way it also came about that supplies were ordered from him
which possibly could have been bought cheaper elsewhere. For the samereason
advertisements were obtained only as the few, by exchange for the most part,
came tome. My deficit represents, therefore, a perfectly free-will gift, for which
I ask neither reimbursement nor pity. The time has come, however, when the
interests of the publication will be best served by a division of labor, the work
having outgrown the ability of any one person to do well.

It is, therefore, quite within bounds to expect that the increase in Society
dues, and in the subscription price will, with income from advertisements, and
reduced general expenses enable the Society to publish a journal maintaining its.
previous character in all respects. It is hoped that each one interested in the
continuance of the Society and its publication will bring it to the notice of any
one likely to join in our work.

The subject of the offerings has been questioned by some, since printing
members’ names with address has opened the way to demands for collecting and
forwarding of specimens especially from members in remote foreign countries.
This has come to be a tax on membership, therefore, several have requested to.
have their names dropped from the Society, while remaining subscribers to THE
Bryo.ocist. ‘This state of affairs should not be allowed to continue. Requests
for specimens should be made only from those offering in the Exchange Depart-
ment. It is urged that any member having anything to offer will communicate
the specimens to the custodian of the group, who will send lists to the editor for
use from time to time. In the near future it is expected to establish an ‘‘Exchange
Bureau”’ on similar lines to that of our English friends, and to publish a check
list on thin paper at small cost. Any suggestions will be gratefully received.

In turning over THE BRYOLOGIST to the Sullivant Moss Society I wish to thank
all who have so ably seconded my efforts to build up a strong society of students
of cryptogams with the journal as a means thereto. I feel that I have every
reason to be, not only satisfied, but proud of the results of my ten year labor.
I have enjoyed it all and only wish I were able to continue and to do more than
in the past. I mean to do quite as much though in a less conspicuous role. As
Treasurer of the Society I am on the Advisory Board,and expect to contribute
all in my power to the increased usefulness of our Society and its publication.

ANNIE MORRILL SMITH.

— 9 ——_
A FOSSIL CAMPTOTHECIUM

A. J. GROUT

Early in October, 1916, I received from Mr. B. O. Wolden, of Wallingford. °
Iowa, a remarkably well preserved moss brought up by a local well-digger from
a depth of 80 or 90 feet below the surface in connection with pieces of wood.
According to Mr. Wolden this depth is in the Kansan Drift, probably near the
bottom of this deposit

The material is somewhat ccated with fine soil, although Mr. Wolden says
he washed it out from lumps of earth. Otherwise it might have been collected
one hundred days ago instead of having been preserved one hundred thousand
years, more or less. The plants are green, although no cell contents are observ-
able, and the leaves are perfectly preserved even to all details of cell structure.
In fact it seemed so incredible that a moss could have remained so well preserved
under such circumstances, that I wrote again to Mr.Wolden asking for additional
details. He states that the well-digger, though not an educated man, is accurate
and reliable. The moss occurred in a layer of fine sandy clay imbedded between
layers of blue clay. He further stated that such an arrangement of soil layers
was not unusual at such depths and that this sandy layer often contained plant
remains.

Most conclusive of all is the fact that the plants, while characteristically
Camptothecitum, belong to no known American species of today and its most
closely allied species (C. pinnatifidum) is not found east of the Rockies.

The moss was dug up in 1911, and all the fairly abundant material was
sterile. For this most interesting plant I propose the name of:

Camptothecium Woldenii n. sp. Stems slender, fragments at least two
inches in length, densely and regularly pinnately branching; leaves broadly
lanceolate, slenderly acuminate, entire, strongly plicate, especially when dry,
abruptly but rather slightly narrowed to the insertion; branch leaves 2—2.5 0.75.
mm.; median leaf cells long-linear; rounded or quadrate alar cells minute, very
few, rarely extending above widest point of the leaf-base. Differs from C. pinna-
tufidum and C. aureum in its entire leaves and very few isodiametric alar cells.

New Dorp, NEw York City.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE I

Camptothecium Woldenii Grout, photographed by the author.
I. Three fragments, x 2.

2. A portion of one of these fragments, x 5.

3. Leaves, X 9.

ANNUAL REPORTS—SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY—1916

Report of the President

Dr. Evans has been elected Editor of the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical
Club, and it has become my duty to report on the activities of the members of
this Society. The most remarkable contribution during the year has been the
publication of the text for the Moss Atlas of the Natural History of Madagascar,

prepared by MM. Renauld and Cardot, a review of which may be found in the
September number of the BryoLoctst. Fortunately for posterity, the manu-
script was completed before the outbreak of the war and although it was the only
- possession saved by M. Cardot we have reason to hope that the types and the
rest of his bryological collections are still uninjured!

Dr. Hagen is continuing his series of exsiccatae and critical studies of Nor-
wegian mosses, making some changes in nomenclature, which, if adopted, will
affect the names of some North American species. M. Thériot has made an
interesting correction in the name of a Cuban species. Dr. Evans has made
some 35 additions to the Hepatic Flora of Quebec, and Fr. M. Victorin has also
been studying the cryptogamic flora of this region. Dr. Nichols has continued
his collections in Nova Scotia and Cape Breton. Dixon and Cardot have de-
scribed a fossil moss from the Pliocene, the only new species, Mnium antiquorum,
to be found in this volume, though Dr. Grout has made two new varietal com-
binations in Drepanocladus. Professor Holzinger and Professor Chamberlain
have continued to give us valuable reviews and Mr. Plitt, Dr. Conklin and Mr.
Kaiser still devote much time to the Society’s collections. Dr. Jennings con-
tinues his able editing of the BRyoLocist. Mrs. Dunham has written a valuable
little introduction for nature students to the mosses, and Mr. Williams, Dr.
Andrews and myself are continuing our critical studies for North American Flora
and making additions to the floras of the West Indies, South America and the
Philippines.

ELIZABETH G. Britton, President.

NEw YorK BOTANICAL GARDEN.

Report of the Secretary-Treasurer

The past year has shown an improvement in the affairs of the Sullivant
Moss Society. The Secretary extends his congratulations upon the increase in
members and in subscriptions, as well as upon the increase in the number of
short notes in the magazine. He wishes members to bear this in mind, lest
they feel that some of the statements made below are of too pessimistic a nature.

Eight new members have joined the Society during the past twelve months
in addition to seven new subscribers to the BRyoLocisT, the membership now
totalling 137, besides a subscription list of over 60. This growth is a source cf
great satisfaction. But all members of the Society should make every effort to
bring about a further increase. We need two hundred members, and young
members, if the Society is to prosper.

The subscriptions mentioned above are largely those of libraries and repre-
sent a source of income that is likely to be steady. A careful estimate of condi-
tions places the probable annual revenue of the Society in dues and subscriptions
as approximately $275.00, exclusive of sales of back numbers and other incidentals.
An effort has been made this year to keep expenditures at about the figure named
above. The item of expense for the Hasse lichens, it is hoped, may be later

wal rs Saas

|
written off through the sale of sets of the exsiccati. A word of warning is neces-
sary, however, in view of the steady increase in the cost of paper and printing,
since present terms may not continue; in this case additional revenue will be
imperative. As it is, plates have been possible during the past year only through
the generosity of private parties. It is only fair that the Society should recog-
nize this condition.

During the past year 4 species of hepatics, 12 of lichens, and 9 of mosses
have been offered through the exchange department. This is far too small
a number, and indicates a serious lack of appreciation of the opportunities af-
forded by the Society. The Secretary cannot state too strongly what was said
in the last report in this connection. Co-operative work is needed. Obviously,
the Secretary cannot write each member each time to “‘drum up” material;
the increasing pressure of professional work prevents, even if the financial con-
dition of the Society warranted it. The Curators stand ready at any time to
identify material, and to advise in the way of offerings, in which last the Secretary
will be only too glad to be of service.

Notice is again given that the chance of securing complete sets of the Bry-
OLOGIST is rapidly passing. Only three sets remain complete, after the sale of
which the copies of volume three will lack the first issue. The sale of separate
volumes previous to the seventh will also have to be somewhat restricted.

Only wide-spread amateur interest can furnish the backing which makes
the more professional student possible. It was hoped that the BRYOLOGIST
might publish during the year articles dealing with various genera of hepatics
in the informal way shown by Mrs. Dunham’s ‘“‘ Mosses.”’ There is a decided
need for such work, but hepatic students when approached seemed unwilling to
attempt it. Somewhat similar comment is applicable to those members inter-
ested in mosses and lichens. The burden of providing manuscript ought not to
fall upon the few, however willing. The BRYOLOGIST is your magazine. Each
member can surely find some point worth a note during the year; a peculiarity
of habitat, an extension of range, an observation upon the time of fruiting.
Don’t think that because a certain species of Polytrichum is named commune, it
is unworthy of attention.

The financial condition of the Society is summarized below. Your atten-
tion is called to the fact that the various Curators are giving much more to the
Society than their time and services. The herbarium charges represent less
than the cost of mounting paper and labels. Certainly, if the Curators are
willing to give their time and energy to the identification of material and the
distribution of specimens, as well as making a cash outlay, members should
repay them by enthusiastic co-operation.

SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTS

RECEIPTS
SET ATTCP MO CCEII DEL Ey ATOLLS: vhssie ss! och: 0 soe hels alee sh ade cals Gelslelevleelveliecse vi $1.13
(7S Lol GLENN: WCEP, ue pe A lr aE = UO AU
Peeeeamiione for’current year.. rR Were nate cheats ccitcmsmey ois obecebtpsue tan chaps lobar seusebolees teu a euele elise 71.43

Arrears collected, Hilcwand sibscnpcons,” sess he ewaraivela te estat ane rey aieemits, TRCIS (geval el sles e 22.16

Dues and: subscriptions for coming year, already. paid’)... .2.).0....2 12h eee 19.72
Sales of back numbers, and incidentals: : 6.5.4 sc hecice cle p be so cede sare) oe ee en 4I.O1
Receipts from advertising. csi. Os. sicleiate tds aie ois, sic sle ce bleneledend 4/6 Uleueiete entice ae 10.31
Receipts from sales of Hasse Lichens\... 525.054 is sc o¢.oce cei e oe lente osha ee 10.50

$359.58

EXPENDITURES

Printing and stationery .2. 0. 60:60 62 feed's wn we ov clea ese ule vole el eit 60 Sle Okenee ele neta Se a aT
Postage and bank fees.. a, 8) ag, cove.ce eens Shane lenenale ule! sive je, Shaceusy Sia. aleacehn alk eRe ey eer 8.49
Herbarium expenses. . Ree sida, s lace se. wuiela/ jp a eracwhe 0 Pete eT nee ee 8.05
Express charges upon inches if ie Bee onecee as: aS. wlloje “aaubu el yu oha lose RRS Sitem eaten aaa 2.077
Express on Hasse lichens... ite Pr eR RPE Sia BC ob oc 30.00:
Intelligencer Printing Co., 5 issues sof shunner eh ad ‘Tada’ oa Seg leila: 3:16! che ONCE RRO en Rae

$281.00
Cash on hand at close, .NOv:. 30, °TOTObisicc5 6 siecle eo Rio els eo ore colel eee Soe eee eee 78.58

$359.58

Respectfully submitted,
EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN, Secretary-Treasurer.

Report of the Election of Officers for the Year 1917

Whole number of votes cast, 14.
For President, Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, 14 votes.
For Vice-President, Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith, 14 votes.
For Secretary-Treasurer, Mr. E. B. Chamberlain, 14 votes.
No votes were cast other than as reported above, the candidates thus being
unanimously elected to the offices designated.

ELIZABETH M. Dunuam, Judge of Elections.

Report of the Curator of the Moss Herbarium for 1916

During the past year 125 specimens have been mounted in the Moss Her-
barium of the Sullivant Moss Society, adding six species new to the herbarium,
which now contains 3980 specimens, representing 1179 species and varieties
belonging to 253 genera. A generous contributor has been Mrs. E. G. Britton,
who has presented duplicates of the Langlois collections in Louisiana, many
specimens from the herbarium of the late William Mitten—which have not yet
been mounted—and other mosses. Other contributors have been Mrs. E. M.
Dunham, John Davis, H. S. Jewett, W. E. Haydock, George H. Conklin, H.
Dupret, Frank Dobbin, W. S. Cooper, Mrs. D. W. Jackson, and W. R. Taylor.

In spite of efforts to stimulate interest the Curator has to deplore the fact
that the majority of our members seem to remain apathetic in their collections
and correspondence. There is so much to be found in every locality that would
be valuable material for study that it is most unfortunate in view of the growth
of the herbarium that members of the Society can not be induced to be deeply
interested in bryology in a substantial way.

Desirable material for exchange is always welcome and our stock affords
ample return for those who send in their own collections when they consist of
other than the species which are common almost everywhere. The continua-
tion of the European War continues to cut off practically all foreign corres-
pondence.

GEORGE B. KAISER, Curator.

GERMANTOWN, Pa., DEc., 1916.

Report of the Hepatic Department for 1916

Three hundred and forty-two specimens, representing 79 genera and 162
species, have been placed in the herbarium during the past year. It was found
impossible to complete the determination of the A. H. Brinkman collection, from
Alberta and British Columbia. One hundred and seven specimens, however,
were added this year. Among these are such rare species as Riccia Lescuriana,
Lophoza quadriloba, L. badensis, L. confertifolia, L. grandiretis, L. longiflora, L.
Schultz, Sphenolobus politus, Gymnomitrium concinnatum, Harpanthus Flotowi-
anus, Nardia geoscyphus, Anthelia Juratzkana, Scapania Bartling, S. uliginosa,
S. paludosa, Clevea hyalina, Bucegia romancia, Sauterta alpina, Asterella Linden-
bergiana, and Hygrobiella laxifolia. The most important gift during the year
was by Drs. A. W. Evans and Geo. E. Nichols. Dr. Evans gave us 44 specimens
collected in Quebec, Ramouski, and Saguenay Counties. This set contains such
interesting species as Metzgeria furcata, Lophozia badensis, L. heterocolpa, L.
confertifolia, L. inflata, L. Hatcher1, Scapania umbrosa, Sphenolobus minutus,
Gymnomitrium concinnatum, Gym. corallioides, Cephaloziella myriantha, and C.
Hampeana. (See BryYoLoaist 19: 27-30. March, 1916.)

Dr. Geo. E. Nichols gave 42 specimens from Cape Breton Island, Nova
Scotia, and included many of the species new to Cape Breton as given in the
list (See BRYOLOGIST 19: 38-47. May, 1916.). In addition, this gift includes
18 species from Connecticut. Mr. A. S. Foster sent 12 packets, partly Alaskan,
and one species, Lepidozia Sandricensis, new to North America. Miss H. E.
Greenwood, Geo. Moxley, O. E. Jennings, Geo. B. Kaiser, Roy Latham, and
Stewart H. Burnham have been contributors of material from their respective
locations. In Mr. Burnham’s material from Ft. Ann, N. Y., was found Chilo-
scyphus ascendens. Mr. Severin Rapp’s gift of 34 hepatics (See BRyoLoaisT 18:
23. March, 1915) has been acknowledged. These have been verified, and make
a most valuable addition of new species to the herbarium. Further additions to
species from Florida have been made by Prof. N. L. T. Nelson from Gainesville.

Miss Lorenz has sent generously of the new and rare New England species.
Who of us would not like also to find in any one year Pallavicinia Flotowiana,
Pedinophyllum interruptum, Nardia crenuliformis, Cephaloziella bifida, Anthelia
Juratzkana, Nardia obovata, Lophozia Kunzeana, and Jungermannia cordifolia.
The writer has added a full set of the genus Sphenolobus, and the following Cepha-
loziellas as found in the Duluth-Superior District: C. Hampeana, C. bifida, C.
myriantha, S. Sullivanti, C. elachista, C. byssacea.

The Curator wishes once more to thank Miss Haynes, Miss Lorenz,and Dr.
Evans for the unfailing courtesy, generous aid, and vital inspiration which they
have given upon every appeal for help.

GEo. H. CONKLIN, Curator.

SUPERIOR, WISCONSIN, DEC. 15, 1916.

Report of the Lichen Department, 1916

The year has been one of unusual activity in the Lichen Department. In
the early part of the year we received the duplicates of Dr. Hasse’s large collec-
tions, a report upon which is still in the making.

Thus far, nearly half of the material has been gone over; of course, some of
the species are well represented, others not so well. From those of which at
least ten good duplicates could be found, 150 specimens have already been set
aside. These, as you all know, have been offered for sale, and are being dis-
tributed in fascicles of twenty-five each. The first fascicle has been already
distributed and the second will be in December. During the coming year we
plan to distribute a fascicle every three months; that is, one in March, one in
June, one in September, and one in December. Members may be pleased to
learn that two of these sets can still be had. It is urged that those desiring a set
order at once.

No attempt has yet been made to put into the herbarium a representation
of all these specimens. This will only be done gradually, about as fast as they
are offered to subscribers. This year, therefore, but 50 specimens (that is, the
first two fascicles) have been added to the herbarium.

We have also been remembered by Mr. N. L. T. Nelson, who has sent us
specimens collected near Gainesville, Florida, and by Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes, who
has sent specimens from England. Altogether 87 specimens have been added to
the herbarium, which now numbers 3160 specimens.

It is to be hoped that during the coming year more activity will be shown
in the work by our members; we should have at least a dozen contributors. The
same might be said regarding our exchange department. During the past year,
Mr. Severin Rapp, Mr. Latham, and Mr. Rhodes each did his part. What is
the matter with our other lichen friends? Let us all take a little more interest
in this work, contribute to the herbarium, and not be afraid occasionally to offer
a specimen or two to others.

CHARLES C. PLITT, Curator.

BALTIMORE, Mp., DEc. I, 1916.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

Editoria!—The New Year is customarily the time to drop bad habits,
make general changes in policy, and to express the hope to do better the coming
year than we did last year. The Editor is somewhat immune to this New Year’s
contagion but in conformity with the general practice the present occasion has

been taken to emphasize what has been developing as an idea with a few of us
this last year or more.

It is believed that the department cf Miscellaneous Notes might be used to
great mutual advantage by our readers as a general place for short notes as to
the occurrence, distribution, or habitat of species; methods of collection, study,
or preservation of specimens; short notes on current literature; personal notes;
discussions; in fact anything which will make the BRYOLOGIST of more general
use to our readers. The Associate Editors will be asked to contribute short
notes on the particular groups of plants with which they are more particularly
dealing, and to report on the literature relating to these groups, and, in this con-
nection the Editor wishes particularly to thank Dr. Holzinger and Mr. Chamber-
lain for their continuous contributions of notes and reviews during the last year.
The BRYOLOGIST is now the only magazine in the world devoted tc the mosses,
hepatics, and lichens, the valued Revue Bryologique having (at least temporarily)
suspended publication, so let us make our journal worthy of the honor of its
position. :

The Editor proposes during the coming year to ask more of the Associate
Editors in the way of looking over the manuscripts before publication. During
the last year this has been in many cases hardly possible owing to the scarcity
cf suitable manuscripts and the consequent rush in many cases in getting them
to the printer, but it is becoming more and more apparent that an examination
of certain papers by an associate editor more familiar with the particular subject
treated would result in valuable suggestions, or even corrections. We would ask
of our readers to ponder carefully the article in this issue by Mrs. Annie Morrill
Smith and then decide with us to help the good work along and make the BRYOL-
OGIST better and bigger and mcre generally useful than ever before.

Safety-razor Blades for Hand-sectioning.—Several times during the last
two or three years we have noted references to the use of the safety-razor blade for
cutting hand-sections. Having had occasion recently to make a series of cross-
sections of leaves, the safety-razor blade has been tried and can be highly recom-
mended for this purpose. We used the Gem Damaskeene Blades, held by means
of the handle which is used to hold the blades when stropping them. This
stropping-handle consists of a metal clip into which the blade is slipped and then
the base of the clip is pushed into the end of a hollow metal handle. There is
thus furnished a very sharp and very thin cutting blade of uniform thickness,
held quite securely in a convenient handle and costing but little. The handle
costs fifteen cents and the blades cost five cents apiece in packages of seven.

In using the blade we obtained the best results by slicing elder pith crosswise
inte disks about as thick as a five-cent piece. Then, holding the leaf between
two disks, or two pieces of such disks, between the thumb and first finger of the
left hand, the finger being-on the outer side and a little lower than the thumb,
the flat blade of the razor was rested on the top of the finger and then drawn
towards the thumb, cutting through the pith and enclosed leaf. By pressing
down on the razor or by very slightly lowering the finger the successive slices

— 16 —

may be gauged quite accurately and surprisingly thin sections may be obtained.
It is much better to use the pith in such a manner that the cuts through it will
be made with the grain (longitudinally), hence the instructions above to prepare
the pith by cutting it into disks, crosswise. It is best to dip the blade in water
before starting to cut a series of sections, as the sections will then remain on the
damp surface of the blade until you are through with the operation. If the blade
is used dry the sections will likely be blown away by your breath, unless, as with
some workers, steadiness of hands is attained by holding the breath during such
an operation. We have had no difficulty in getting sections of Catharinaea of
a minimum of two cells in thickness by this method, although at this minimum
thickness most of the lamellae were more or less torn.

OBE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY NOTES

The following new members have been added to our rolls since the last note
was published in the September, 1916, number:

AVES GAT Bes 008 Sala fee eect ae ane 71 West 23rd St., New York City
IMD. BR. “Grose iiss 0°) daslech ates cyeet ite ie te ita Ah Re ete ee Glenville, W. Va.
Mis:)].. Kincaid 00635 eed fe oe a oa ee ee Russiaville, Ind.
Mass Myrtle: He Lewis ema. tn Gee toes Rockwell Ave., Naugatuck, Conn.
irs’ Frank Bie Rowen ce ose ee ee, 24 Brattle St., Worcester, Mass.
Mr. Ralph S. Nanz....Dept. Plant Pathology, New York State College,
Ithaca,.IN. Y.
Mars. Mary Adam Noble ieee oils opus ee sae eee Inverness, Florida
Dc ea mm. CH Weal! 4. ales outlets oleae teeta 436 East 5th St., New York City

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings—To members only. Return postage should accompany the re-
quest.

Mr. A. J. Beals, 71 West 23d Street, New York City.—Fissidens obtust-
folius Wils., collected by Mr. Beals on limestone rocks cf the Housatonic River,
Falls Village, Connecticut, Sept., 1916, in fine fruit.

Dr. Albert C. Herre, State Normal School, Bellingham, Washington.—
Cyphelium inquinans (Sm.) Trevis.

Mr. Charles C. Plitt, 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Maryland.—Alectoria —
jubata (L.) Nyl., collected in Switzerland by Mr. P. G. M. Rhodes.

PUBLISHED NOVEMBER FIRST
Mosses of New York City and Vicinity
By A. J. GROUT, Ph.D.

An annotated list of about 350 species occuring in and around
New York City, with full descriptions of families and genera, and
complete keys to genera and species. Twelve full-page plates of
photographs of about twenty species; 135 pp.; 8vo; $1.10, postpaid.

Dr. A. J. GROUT, = New Dorp, Staten Island, N. Y.

Sh’sS OF THE BRYOLOGIST

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also cannot be sold separately. The moral, for those who wish sets,
is obvious. ;

EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN
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WANTED:—A copy of “Synopsis of the Genus
Arthonia,” by Henry Willey, New Bedford, Mass., 1890.
Anyone having a copy for sale will kindly notify Prof.
Lincoln W. Riddle, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass.

CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN HEPATICAE

By Miss C. C. HAYNES AND DR. A. W. EVANS

Lists all forms known to occur in the United States and Canada. First
Supplement containing additions and corrections, also ready.

Price, for either List or Supplement, 25c per dozen, 50 for $1.00
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BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB

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VOLUME XX NUMBER 2

SS MARCH. 1917. |(2&

THE BRYOLUGIST

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors \ f

ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D. nal. MM
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M.S? ~~-—---—»
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CONTENTS

Notes on North American Hepaticae—VII Alexunder W. Evans 17

Book Review: ‘‘ The Moss Flora of New York City and Vicin-
ity,’’ by A. J. Grout John M. Hoizinger 28

The New York Meeting of the Sullivant Moss Society
Edward B. Chamberlain 29

Sullivant Moss Society Notes 32
Miscellaneous Notes 52
Exchange Department 32

“Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1917, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THe JANUARY NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST waAs PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 10, 1917.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal ot

THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
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tional. Singlecopies, 25cents. Vols. I- XIX, 1898-1916, $19.00.

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Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
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ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith ... 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepaitcs, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C. Plitt, Lichens, 3933

Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
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a ie
es

iitE BRYOLOGIST\ %

aL. XX MARCH, IQI7 No. 2

NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN HEPATICAE. VII*

ALEXANDER W. EVANS

(WITH PLATE II)

Of the ten species noted in the present paper five represent additions to the
flora of North America, north of Mexico. Four of these additions, including
a species of Cololejeunea proposed as new, were found in Florida; the fifth was
found in Wisconsin and British Columbia. Two other species which are in-
cluded have recently been reported as American by other writers. Of the three
remaining species one ts introduced for nomenclatorial reasons and the other
two to record extensions of range.

I. PLAGIOCHASMA INTERMEDIUM Lindenb. & Gottsche. Aztonia japonica
Steph. Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 54. 1897. Plagtochasma japonicum Massal.
Mem. Accad. Verona 73: 47. 1897.

In the writer’s recent revision of the North American species of Plagiochasma,!
specimens from Japan are listed under P. intermedium, and the identity of P.
japonicum with the North American species is claimed. Through an unfortunate
oversight, however, the Asiatic species was not formally listed among the syn-
onyms of P. intermedium. It is not possible to record any additional stations
for the species at the present time.

‘ 2. PLAGIOCHASMA WRIGHTII Sulliv.

Collected in March, 1915, in the Arbuckle Mountains, near Davis, Okla-
homa, on dry travertine formations, by W. H. Emig (No. 1030). A noteworthy
extension of range. Formerly known from one station in Texas, one in Arizona,
and four in Mexico.?

3. BUCEGIA ROMANICA Radian, Bull. Herb. Inst. Bot. Bucarest 3-4. 1903.

The discovery of this remarkable liverwort by A. H. Brinkman was an-
nounced by Miss Haynes?* over a year ago. His specimens were collected in the
following localities, altitudes 7200-8800 feet: Willock Mountain and Mt. Bos-
worth, near Stephen, Alberta, July, 1913 (Nos. 792 and 822); Long Lake, south
of Pharaoh, Alberta, August, 1915 (No. 983); Cathedral Mountain, Hector,
British Columbia, July, 1913 (Nos. 810, 8r1 and 812). They are unfortunately

* Contribution from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory.
1 Bull. Torrey Club 42: 250-308. f. 1-8. I9I5.

2See Evans, /. c. 295. IQI5.

3 BRYOLOGIST 18: 93, 94. f. I. IOT5.

‘The January number of the BRYOLOGIST was published February I0, 1917.

@tion al Mi use

y®

ie

sterile, but the structure of the thallus, which is figured by Miss Haynes, is so
distinctive that there can be little doubt about the correctness of the determina-
tion. The genus Bucegia is monotypic. The type material was collected by
its author, Simeon St. Radian, in the Bucegi Mountains of Rumania, in 1899.
Specimens from the same mountains, collected by K. Loitlesberger in 1897, are
likewise noted in the original account. The genus is accepted without question
by K. Miller,t who adds a number of interesting details and figures the structural
features of the thallus. He was unable, however, to cite any additional localities.
In the following year Schiffner? recorded B. romanica from five stations in the
Tatra Mountains of Austria, as well as from the two Rumanian localities. He
likewise gave’ an exhaustive account of the plant and brought out in his figures.
the morphological characteristics of the male and female receptacles. A few
years later he® reported additional stations in the Tatra Mountains and stated
that he knew the plant from ten stations in all in that portion of Austria. Ap-
parently no other European localities are known, and the report of the species.
from British Columbia and Alberta is therefore of unusual interest.

The genus Bucegia is a representative of the higher Marchantiaceae, the
so-called Compositae of Leitgeb. It agrees with Marchantia and Preissia in
having compound or dolioform epidermal pores in the vegetative thallus. The
inner opening of the pcre approximates the cruciate ccndition found in Prezssia
and certain species of Marchantia (for example, M. paleacea Bertol.)* In other
werds the cells bounding the cpening approach one another very closely and
leave a narrow four-rayed space, which may be partially or wholly closed by an _
increase in the turgidity of the cells. Although the pores are essentially the
same as in Marchantia and Pretssia the air-chambers and photcsynthetic tissue
are very different. Instead of being in a single layer the air-chambers are often
in two or more layers; while the photosynthetic tissue, instead of being in the
form of upright rows of cells, is represented by the walls a single cell thick sepa-
rating the air-chambers from one another. The type of air-chambers found in
Bucegia does not recur in any of the other Compositae but is found in Reboulia,.
Asterella and other genera belonging to the grcup Operculatae of Leitgeb. Here,
however, it is always associated with simple epidermal pores.

The compact tissue below the air-chambers shows none of the sclerotic
cells which form so distinct a feature in Preissia and in many of the species of
Marchantia. It even lacks oil-bodies and is composed of thin-walled parenchyma
throughout. The ventral scales are in two rows, differing in this respect from
Marchantia but agreeing with Preissia and the other Compositae. The scales.
have the usual semicircular or broadly lunulate form and each one bears a single
lanceolate appendage. Both rhizcid-initials and cells containing oil-bodies are
absent.

1 Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora 6: 295-208. f. 180, I8I. 1907.

2 Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 232: 273-2090. f. 1-24. 1908.

3 Magyar Bot. Lapok 10: 280. rort.

For a description of the morphological features of Marchantia, see Evans, Trans. Conn.
Acad. 21: 208-228. 1917.

For full accounts of the receptacles reference may be made to the published
descriptions and especially to the work of Schiffner. It is sufficient to state
here that the male receptacle is stalked as in Preissia and Marchantia, that
the disc of the female receptacle is bluntly lobed, that the groups of archegonia
(each enclosed by a membranous involucre) lie beneath the lobes, and that each
sporcphyte is enclosed within a pseudoperianth. Here again Bucegia resembles
Preissia closely and alsc agrees with such species of Marchantia as the Asiatic
M. geminata R. BI. & N. and its allies. The photosynthetic tissue of both recep-
tacles is, however, essentially the same as in the vegetative thallus and therefore
differs markedly from the branched rows of cells found in both Pretssta and
Marchantia.

_ 4. FOSSOMBRONIA LAMELLATA Steph. Hedwigia 33: 9. 1894. F. tubertfera
Goebel, Organographie der Pflanzen 292. f. 190, rgr. 1898. [Fics. 1-4.]

Collected in December, 1915, May, 1916, and January, 1917, at Sanford,
Florida, by S. Rapp (No. 80). New to North America. The species is char-
acterized by the possession of numerous tubers, some of which are highly differ-
entiated while others are more rudimentary. The material collected in 1917
shows mature capsules.

Apparently Ruge, in 1893, was the first to describe tubers in the genus
Fossombronia.:. His material, which he does not attempt to name, was collected
by Goebel at Tovar, Venezuela. He states that the stem of a tuberiferous plant
turns de wnward instead of upward and beccmes swollen at the apex, the enlarged
portion, or tuber, being filled with stored food, some of which is in the form of
starch. One of his figures shows the change in the direction of growth, but no
sign of a tuber, although the leaves exhibit a characteristic reduction in size.

The following year Stephani described F. /amellata from Argentine specimens
in the Otto Kuntze herbarium, collected by R. Hauthal at Buenos Aires, no
other material being cited. He makes no mention of tubers but gives an account
_ of the vegetative structure and capsules and doubtfully assigns a monoicous
inflorescence to the species.

A few years afterwards, in 1898, Goebel published his F. tuberifera, giving
a general account of the plant and two interesting figures in which the character-
istic tubers are brought out. One figure (f. 190) shows a short plant with arche-
gonia, which has grown out from the tip of an old tuber; the stem, without
branching, turns abruptly downward and swells distinctly at the apex into a
new spherical tuber. The other figure (f. r9z) shows a plant which bears a
sporophyte, while the apex of the stem is beginning to show the characteristic
modification into a tuber. Goebel’s material of F. tuberiferacame from Peldegue,
Chile, and he doubtfully assigned to the same species the Fossombronia from
Venezuela which Ruge had already discussed.

In 1900 Stephani? published a new description of his F. /amellata and cited
F. tubertfera definitely as a synonym. In addition to Hauthal’s specimens he

1Flora 77: 305, 306. pl. 4, f. 6; text f. 14. 1893.
1 Mém. Herb. Boissier 16: 30. I900.

listed Goebel’s Venezuelar material but made no mention of the Chilean type of
F. tubertfera. This time he described the tuberous and leafless apices of the
stem and stated definitely that the inflorescence was dioicous.

It will be seen that F. /amellata, according to the published records, has a
wide distribution in South America, being known from Argentina and probably
from Venezuela and Chile as well. Mr. Rapp’s specimens seem to be constantly
dioicous, and the spores agree closely with Stephani’s description. It seems
safe, therefore, to refer the plants to F. /amellata, and the discovery of this species
in Florida marks an interesting extension of range to the northward. The spores
measure 36—44u in diameter and the spherical surface is covered over with a fine
reticulum, the meshes measuring 8—-Qu across. In most cases the reticulum is
regular, but sometimes the low ridges of which it is formed leave an occasional
mesh incomplete. The elaters are about 8u wide and show two distinct spirals.
It will be seen from this description that the spores and elaters are much like
those of the more northern F. foveolata Lindb. This species differs, however,
in its annual habit, lack of tubers and monoicous inflorescence. In F. salina
Lindb., a common Florida species, the spores are likewise reticulated, but the
meshes are coarser and are often incompletely formed. This species is likewise
monoicous and lacks tubers, although it agrees with F. /Jamellata in being peren-
nial.

One of the largest of the Florida specimens is shown in Fic. 1. After bearing
a series of leaves and a small cluster of archegonia, one of the branches abruptly
turned downward, ceased forming leaves, and became swollen into a spherical
tuber densely covered with rhizoids. The other branch, only the base of which
is shown, behaved similarly. In addition to these terminal tubers the plant
bore a number of smaller oval or clavate tubers on the tips of leafless and short
adventitious branches arising from the ventral surface. These tubers lacked
rhizoids completely although some of them showed indications of very rudi-
mentary leaves.

A much simpler condition is shown in Fic. 2. In this case a tuber gave
rise to a leafy shoot from the apex, and this shoot, without branching, developed
a new apical tuber. The leaves produced were all irregular and rudimentary,
there were no sexual organs, and the new tuber was destitute of rhizoids; on its
surface it bore a series of projecting cells or groups of cells, but these were irregu-
larly arranged and could hardly be interpreted as leaves. The plant here figured
behaved in much the same way as the one shown in Goebel’s f. 190, éxcept that
the latter developed archegonia and much larger leaves.

Conditions approximating those shown by Ruge are represented in FIGs.
3 and 4, although a change in the direction of growth is scarcely or not at all
apparent. The plants here figured showed a gradual decrease in the size of the
leaves, accompanied by a marked irregularity in their form, while the apices
of the stem were leafless or nearly so without being tuberous. In FIG. 3 a single
antheridium with a small subtending scale is shown.

In some of Mr. Rapp’s specimens the tuberiferous shoots are much more
elongated than any of those figured, but the more important variations have been

shown. Most of the rhizoids, as is usual in Fossombronia, are deep vinous
purple. They are represented in Fic. 2 and on the terminal tuber in Fic. 1.
The small tubers in Fic. 1 were practically free from rhizoids, and the same thing
was true of the two shoots shown in Fics. 3 and 4 and of the long leafless portion
of the shoot in Fic. 1. In the leafy portion of this shoot, however, rhizoids
were present in abundance, although omitted from the drawing.

In connection with F. lamellata it should be remembered that tubers have
been described in the case of the Californian F. longiseta Aust. In his description
of this species Howe,! in 1899, stated that the stems were ‘‘commonly somewhat
tuberously thickened at the apex and perennial through the resumption of apical
growth on termination of the dry season.’’ Humphrey,” several years later,
treated the matter at greater length and figured ‘‘an example of tubercular
thickening of stem,’ which bears a striking resemblance to some of the small
tubers shown in Fic. 1. He found that fungal hyphae were present in the tubers
and thought at first that the fungus might bear a causative relation to them.
He afterwards found, however, that plants which were kept moist produced no
tubers, although fungi were still present, and he decided that the tubers were
adaptive and largely dependent upon external factors for their development.®
F. longiseta seems to be amply distinct from F. lamellata; the spores are strikingly
different, and the tubers seem to be less abundant and less highly differentiated.

5. Jungermannia Schiffneri (Loitles.) comb. nov. Aplozia Schiffnert
Loitles. Verhandl. der k.k. zool.-botan. Gesellsch. in Wien 53: 482. 1905.

Collected in April, 1915, at Manitou Falls, Black River, Douglas County,
Wisconsin, by G. H. Conklin (No. 1255); also in July, 1913, at Hector and Ste-
phen, British Columbia, by A. H. Brinkman (Nos. 806, 823). New to North
America.

The type material of this interesting species was found by C. Loitlesberger
in the vicinity of Gorz, Austria. Its occurrence in Switzerland and Tirol was
soon reported by Schiffner,! who described a number of structural details not
brought out in the original account and added a series of figures. It has since
been recorded and figured from Scotland by Macvicar.® The illustrated descrip-
tion of Miller’ may likewise be consulted.

The section or subgenus Luridae, to which J. Schiffnert belongs, is char-
acterized by a dark green color, often masked by a brownish or purplish pigmenta-
tion; by ovate to cordate leaves; by thin-walled leaf-cells, with or without trigones;
and by an ovate to clavate perianth, plicate at the mouth but not contracted
into a beak. Four other species of this section are known from both Europe
and North America, namely: J. cordifolia Hook., J. riparia Tayl., J. atrovirens
Schleich., and J. pumila With. The first three of these are dioicous and thus

1Mem. Torrey Club 7: 80. 18099.

2 Ann. Bot. 20: 86. text f. 3. 1906.

3 Proc. Washington Acad. 10: 6. 1908.

4 Hedwigia 48: 184-187. f. 1-13. 1909.

® Student’s Handb. Brit. Hep. 147. 1912.

§ Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora 6: 570. /f. 285. 1909.

differ from J. Schiffnert1 and J. pumila, both of which are characterized by a
paroicous inflorescence.

If the dioicous species are left out of consideration and the two paroicous
species compared, it will be found that the latter are very closely related. The
size, habit, and color are much the same in both, and there are no essential differ-
ences in the shape of the leaves, in the size of the leaf-cells, in the walls of the
cells, or in the perichaetial and perigonial bracts. The perianths and the valves
of the capsule, however, yield important differences. In J. Schiffneri the perianth
contracts abruptly in the upper part, the broadest part being above the middle;
in J. pumila the perianth is gradually contracted toward the mouth, the broadest
part being usually at or below the middle. In J. Schiffneri the cells in the outer
layer of the valves have the thickenings in their radial walls arranged in such a
way that every alternate wall is nearly or quite free from thickenings; in J. pumila
the thickenings are present in equal abundance in all the walls. The walls of
the inner layer, moreover, are about half as large in J. Schiffneri as in J. pumila
and the spores are considerably smaller (about I5u and 21, respectively). These
differences are clearly brought out in the published descriptions.

A third paroicous species of the Luridae was recently described by Schiffner
under the name A plozia rivularis Schiffn.!| He had already called attention to
the plant under the name A. pumila var. rivularis Schiffn.,? and it is described
under this name by Miiller.* The species is now known from Bohemia, the Harz
Mountains and Saxony, specimens from the last region having been distributed
by Schiffner in his Hep. Europ. Exsic. No. 402. Since A. rivularts is probably
to be expected in North America a few words about its characteristics are perhaps
in place. It agrees closely with J. pumila but is much larger and has larger
leaf-cells (40 x 20u in the middle of the leaf, instead of 25 x 18u). It differs also
in its large cylindrical or clavate perianths, in the narrower cells of the inner
layer of its capsular valves, and in its slightly smaller spores (about 16 in di-
ameter). A. rivularis, as its name implies, grows on stones in streams.

6. CEPHALOZIA LOITLESBERGERI Schiffn. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 62: 9.
1912; K. Miiller, Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora 6?: 45. f. 12. 1912.

Collected in 1915, at Barrasois, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, by G. E. Nichols
(No. 1243 b); already reported by its collectors The type material of this
distinct species was found near the Ladachsee in the vicinity of Gmunden, Austria, |
by C. Loitlesberger. Miiller was able to add several new stations from Baden,
Styria and Switzerland, and Schiffner soon afterwards reported the plant from
Bavaria® and Sweden.® For the British Isles Macvicar’ doubtfully recorded the
species from Lancashire, the specimens which he cites having poorly developed

1Lotos 59: 2. Iort.

21. c. 48: [5]. 1900.

3 Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora 6: 568. 1900.
4 BRYOLOGIST 19: 42. 1916.

5 Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 62: 162. I912.

6 Ibid. 63: 455. 1913.

7 Student’s Handb. Brit. Hepat. 454. 1912.

perianths and bracts. Ingham,! however, lists it without question from West
Lancashire and from South Aberdeen. Specimens from the original locality
and from Koppelsberg in Pomerania have been distributed by Schiffner in his
Hep. Europ. Exsic., Nos. 543 and 544.

The group of Cephaloziae in which the leaves have more or less connivent
lobes includes a number of closely related species. Of this group C. catenulata
(Htiben) Dum., C. connivens (Dicks.) Lindb., C. media Lindb., and C. pleniceps
(Aust.) Lindb. have long been known in both Europe and North America, while
C. affinis Lindb., C. compacta Warnst., C. Lottlesbergert Schiffn., and C. macro-
stachya Kaalaas have been published during the past few years. These recent
segregates were based on European material, but C. affinis? and C. macrostachya*
have since been definitely reported from North America. Now that C. Lozttles-
bergert has been added to our flora, the discovery of C. compacta would not be
surprising.

The essential characters of C. Loztlesbergert may be briefly described as
follows: the color is pale or yellowish green; the lobes of the leaves are long,
entire, and usually connivent and acuminate, each being tipped by a row of from
two to four cells; the leaf-cells have firm walls without trigones and average about
30u in diameter; the inflorescence is autoicous; the innermost perichaetial bracts
are deeply divided into four or more, sub-parallel and long-acuminate lobes
separated by narrow sinuses; the mouth of the perianth is long-ciliate. Although
the lobes of the bracts are sometimes subequal in size, the two median lobes are
often longer and broader than the others, so that the lobes might be described
as bifid with accessory lobes.

It will at once be seen that the essential characters of C. Loztlesbergeri are
shared by other members of the group to which it belongs, although they occur -
in different combinations. In C. connivens, for example, the inflorescence is
autoicous, the lobes of the bracts are numerous and long-pointed, and the perianth
is ciliate at the mouth; in C. affinis the inflorescence is autoicous, and the mouth
of the perianth is ciliate; in both C. macrostachya and C. catenulata the perianth
is long-ciliate; and in C. pleniceps the inflorescence is autoicous. In C. connivens,
however, the cells are much larger than in C. Lovtlesbergert, averaging 50u or
more in diameter; in C. affinis the lobes of the bracts are broader and blunter,
and the cilia at the mouth of the perianth are shorter; in C. macrostachya the
inflorescence is dioicous and the bracts are distinctly bifid with shorter lobes;
in C. catenulata the inflorescence is dioicous, and the shortly bifid bracts are
coarsely dentate; in C. pleniceps the lobes of the bracts, although sometimes more
than two, are broader and acute, rather than acuminate, while the mouth of
the perianth is crenulate. In C. media, which often grows with C. Loitlesbergert,
the inflorescence is dioicous, the bracts are distinctly bifid (although sometimes
with supplementary teeth), and the mouth of the perianth is crenulate.

1Census Cat. Brit. Hepat. 26. 1913.
2See Evans, BRYOLOGIST 17: 89. Ior4.
3 See Schiffner, Hedwigia 54: 322. 1914; also Evans, Rhodora 17: 114. 1915.

As Schiffner has pointed out, however, the closest ally of C. Loitlesbergert
is C. compacta. In this species the inflorescence is autoicous and the mouth of
the perianth long-ciliate, while the size and color of the plant and the size of the
leaf-cells are much the same as in C. Lovttlesbergert. In C. compacta, nevertheless,
the lobes of the leaves are acute rather than acuminate, the bracts are distinctly
bifid, their divisions are shortly acute instead of being long-acuminate, and the
cilia at the mouth of the perianth are shorter.

7. RADULA FLACCIDA Lindenb. & Gottsche; G. L. & N. Syn. Hep. 726.
1847.

Collected in March, 1915, on leaves of Tvichomanes sphenoides Kunze, on
Hattie Bauer Hammock, Dade County, Florida, by J. K. Small and C. A. Mosier.
New to the United States but widely distributed in tropical North and South
America. |

In its constantly epiphyllous habit R. flaccida is almost unique among the
American species of Radula. It lies closely appressed to the leaves upon which
it grows, its lobes are rounded, its lobules are more or less sharp-pointed and its.
long, funnel-form perianth narrows very gradually toward the base. The most
distinctive organs of the species, however, are its discoid gemmae, which are
characterized by their large size and complex structure. Since the development,
mature structure, and germination of these gemmae have been fully described
and figured by Miss Williston, it will be sufficient here to refer to her paper."
Similar gemmae had been described a few weeks earlier in the African E. epiphylla
Mitt. by Goebel.”

8. Cololejeunea subcristata sp. nov.

Collected in March, 1915, on leaves of Tectarta minima Underw., on Hattie
Bauer Hammock, Dade County, Florida, by J. K. Small and C. A. Mosier (No.
5327); also on leaves of Trichomanes Krausit Hook. & Grev., on Nixon-Lewis:
Hammock, Dade County, by the same collectors (No. 6008). No. 5327 may
be designated the type.

Plants delicate, pale green, often becoming bleached with age, scattered
or growing in small thin patches: stems prostrate, about 0.05 mm. in diameter,
irregularly and sometimes rather abundantly branched, the branches widely
spreading, essentially like the stem but usually with somewhat smaller leaves:
leaves loosely imbricated, obliquely to widely spreading, plane or nearly so,
the lobe ovate, often arching partially across the axis dorsally, when well devel-
oped 0.4-0.45 mm. long and 0.25-0.3 mm. wide, but often considerably smaller,.
abruptly narrowed to a broad, acute to rounded apex, margin varying from sub-
entire to vaguely and irregularly crenulate from projecting cells; lobule usually
well developed, strongly inflated with an arched keel, ovate, about 0.15 mm. long
and 0.09 mm. wide, free margin involute as far as the apical tooth, the latter
usually consisting of two cells in a row, the hyaline papilla at the base of the
tooth on the inner surface, proximal tooth indistinct, consisting of a rounded

1 Bull. Torrey Club 39: 320-336. f. I-20. IQI2.
2Vlora 104: 156. 1912.

= 25

projecting cell separated from the apical tooth by a single cell, sinus shallow
and only one or two cells long; cells of lobe averaging about I4u along the margin
and 24 x 22u in the middle and at the base, slightly convex, trigones small but
distinct, sometimes coalescent, triangular, with straight or rounded sides, inter-
mediate thickenings occasionally present, oval; stylus reduced to a hyaline
papilla: inflorescence autoicous: Q inflorescence borne on a more or less abbrevi-
ated branch, innovating on one side, the innovation more or less elongated,
usually sterile but sometimes with a second @ flower; bracts obliquely spreading,
complicate, vaguely crenulate along the keel but not winged, the lobe ovate to
obovate, 0.45—-0.5 mm. long, 0.25-0.3 mm. wide, rounded to acute, margin as in
the leaves, lobule ovate, 0.2-0.3 mm. long, 0.12-0.2 mm. wide, the broad apex
varying from acute to rounded, often shortly indented, margin irregularly crenu-
late; perianth obovoid, about 0.75 mm. long and 0.45 mm. wide, rounded to:
truncate at the apex with a short but distinct beak, sharply five-keeled, the keels
extending below the middle, vaguely and irregularly cristate, the crests sometime
double, usually interrupted, rarely more than one cell wide, irregularly crenulate
or denticulate from projecting cells, surface of perianth otherwise smooth: ¢
inflorescence (so far as known) terminal on a more or less elongated branch,
not proliferating; bracts in three to five pairs, imbricated, similar to the leaves.
but with smaller lobes and larger lobules, apparently monandrous: capsule about
0.15 mm. in diameter: gemmae broadly orbicular, about 0.04 x 0.035 mm. com-
posed of sixteen cells, each apical quadrant cutting off two segments, margin
subentire, organs of attachment not present. [Fics. 5-14.|

The genus Cololejeunea is now represented in Florida by six distinct species,
while the related genera Leptocolea and A phanolejeunea are represented by one
species apiece. Since all three genera include species which are exceedingly
minute and inconspicuous, it would not be surprising if these numbers were
substantially increased in the future. In C. subcristata the characteristic features
are the following: the ovate leaf-lobes, longer than broad, with the apex varying
from acute to rounded; the inflated lobules, with rudimentary proximal teeth;
the leaf-cells with distinct trigones but without surface-papillae of any sort;
and the five-keeled perianth with rudimentary crests on the keels. The crests.
are very variable and sometimes scarcely distinguishable; when well developed
they are sometimes doubled and may show a width of two cells. This increased
width, however, is usually localized and may involve a single cell only, in which
case a larger tooth than the ordinary marginal crenulations is present. The

gemmae belong to the simplest type known in the genus and are comparable

with those found in C. myriocarpa (Nees & Mont.) Evans, C. tuberculata Evans
and the various species of A phanolejeunea.1 In their lack of marginal projections
and organs of attachment they come especially close to the gemmae of C. myrio-
carpa, where, however, the marginal crenulations are much more pronounced.
Among the Florida species of Cololejeunea, C. subcristata is perhaps most
closely related to C. minutissima (Sm.) Schiffn, and C. setiloba Evans,? but in

1See Evans, Bull. Torrey Club 38: 281. 1911; also BRYOLOGIST 18: 68. IoI5.
2 BRYOLOGIST 16: 51. 1913.

= Gt

‘both of these species the leaf-cells are somewhat smaller, averaging about 18u
in the middle of the lobe, the walls show no local thickenings whatever, and the
-gemmae are larger and more complex. C. minutissima is further distinguished
by its convex, more distant, smaller and relatively broader leaf-lobes, by its
larger lobules, and by the distinctly and regularly crenulate margins of its leaves
and bracts. In C. setiloba the remarkable lobules ,each a long and slender
tooth, afford excellent differential characters. The other Florida species would
hardly be confused with C. subcristata. C. Biddlecomiae (Aust.) Evans and C.
tuberculata are both distinguished by their roughened leaves and perianths, while
C. diaphana Evans is a much more delicate species with narrower and more
pointed leaves, the elongated cells of which are almost or quite destitute of tri-
gones.

g. LEPTOLEJEUNEA ELLIPTICA (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Schiffn.

Collected in January, 1916, on the leaves of various plants, on Royal Palm
Hammock, Dade County, Florida, by J. K. Small & R. L. Lowe (Nos. 7024,
7036, 7041, 7042); also in February, 1916, at the same locality, by J. K. Small
(Nos. 7045-7047, 7050-7058, 7060-7062); also in January, 1916, on Long Key
Hammock, by J. K. Small (No. 7063). Genus and species new to the United
States. In some of the packets listed the species is abundantly represented,
in others traces only are present. Although it is not possible to give a complete
list of the plants upon which the Leptolejeunea was found, the following partial
list may be of interest: Anachetlium cochleatum (L.) Hoffmgg. (No. 7045), Auliza
nocturna (L.) Small (No. 7046), Calyptranthes Zuzygium (L.) Sw. (No. 7060),
Chrysobalanus Icaco L. (Nos. 7041, 7055), Encyclia tampensis (Lindb.) Small
(No. 7050), Guettarda scabra Vent. (No. 7054), Hippocratea volubilis L. (No. 7036),
Icacorea paniculata (Nutt.) Sudw. (No. 7062), Ilex Krugiana Loesener (No. 7025),
Laurocerasus myrtifolia (L.) Britton (No. 7051), Ocotea Catesbyana (Michx.)
Sarg. (No. 7056), Psychotria undata Jacq. (No. 7057), Schoepfia chrysophylloides
(A. Rich.) Planch. (No. 7058), Simaruba glauca DC. (No. 7061), Spathiger rigida
(Jacq.) Small (No. 7047), Zamia pumila L. (No. 7053).

The discovery of this widely distributed tropical species in Florida is of
noteworthy. Although almost always epiphyllous in habit, the plants some-
times grow on bark. The blunt leaf-lobes with ocelli in a median row, the distant
underleaves with setaceous divisions, the five-keeled perianth with the smooth
keels projecting upward as acute or truncate horns, and the specialized caducous
branches will serve to characterize the species. For a full description, with
figures, reference may be made to an earlier paper of the writer.!

10. LEUCOLEJEUNEA CLYPEATA (Schwein.) Evans.

Collected in April, 1915, at Monticello, Florida, by E. Nelson (No. 1). The
species is widely distributed in the eastern United States, but this is apparently
the first record for Florida. It represents the fourth species of Leucolejeunea
and the thirty-eighth member of the Lejeuneae to be definitely reported from

1 Bull. Torrey Club 29: 4o9. pl. 23, f. 1-7. 1902.

mx, PLATE UIE

VOL.

BRYOLOGIST

FOSSOMBRONIA LAMELLATA Steph. Figs. 1-4.

4
COLOLEJEUNEA SUBCRISTATA Evans.

Figs. 5-14.

Py

— 28)

the state. In the writer’s revision of the Lejeuneae of the United States and
Canada,‘ published in 1902, only seventeen Lejeuneae were known from Florida
and only twenty-one from the whole United States.

SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL, YALE UNIVERSITY.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE II
FOSSOMBRONIA LAMELLATA Steph.

Fic. 1. Part of a robust female plant with a large terminal tuber and numer-
ous small tubers, X 8.

Fig. 2. Small unbranched sterile plant with a terminal tuber, X 14.

Fic. 3. Tip of a male plant with rudimentary leaves, X 14.

Fic. 4. Tip of a sterile plant with rudimentary leaves, X 14.

The figures were all drawn from the specimens collected by Mr. Rapp.

COLOLEJEUNEA SUBCRISTATA Evans

Fic. 5. Part of a plant with a perianth and a male inflorescence, ventral
view, X 40.

Fic. 6. Branch with a perianth, ventral view, X 32.

Fics. 7, 8. Apices of lobes, X 200.

Fic. 9. Cells from the middle of a lobe, X 240.

Fic. 10. Apex of a lobule, X 240.

Fics. 11. 12. Bracts from a single inflorescence, X 40.

Fic. 13. Transverse section of a perianth at about the middle, X 40.

Fic. 14. Gemma, X 240.

The figures were all drawn from the type specimen.

BOOK REVIEW

‘*The Moss Flora of New York City and Vicinity”
By. J. Grout; Pa. D-

This interesting volume of IIg9 printed pages and 12 plates of photographic
reproductions of some 20 species, is in the announcement designated as an “‘an-
notated list.”” The modesty of the author is the only explanation for this desig-
nation; for it is far more. It will serve very well as a true handbook for studying
the mosses of the environs of New York City. The descriptions of families
and genera, and the excellent keys to genera and species, with many independent
and practically tried diagnostic characters, will prove helpful and inspiring to
amateurs and even to professional students. In the genus Sphagnum only, the
author states, the list and key are “frankly a compilation.”’

1Mem. Torrey Club 8: 113-183. pl. 16-22. 1902.
2? Published by the author, New Dorp, Staten Island, N. Y. Oct., 1916.

— 29 —

Composition, arrangement, use of type, freedom from typographical errors,
all are very satisfactory to the critical eye. The devotion of the author, shown
by publishing the volume at his personal expense, adds to the feeling of satis-
faction: an earnest enthusiastic moss student is behind the work,a man who
enjoys the consciousness of doing helpful things for fellow workers.

The book lists 29 species of Sphagnum, and some 350 species and varieties
of true mosses, under 107 genera. The classification adopted is modern, with a
reasonable regard for good sense and convenience. The most impressive feature
of the volume, at least to the writer of this brief review, is the wealth of pigmy
mosses represented: there are found in the area treated two species of Andreaea,
two of Archidium, two of Bruchia, five of Pleuridium, two of Seligeria, one Asto-
mum, one Pottia, two of Nanomitrium, six of Ephemerum, and two of Acaulon.

Such a list of minute mosses, in so limited a floral area, is possible only as
a result of painstaking, long-continued field study. The author gives credit
for the majority of these minute mosses largely to the late C. F. Austin, whose
collecting grounds near Closter, N. J., are included in the area treated, modestly
adding the results of his own field study for the past fifteen years.

JOHN M. HOLzINGER.

WINONA, MINNESOTA.

THE NEW YORK MEETING OF THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY
EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN, Secretary

According to the announcement sent to all members early in December,
the Sullivant Moss Society held its eleventh public meeting at Barnard College,
Columbia University, on December 29th, 1916, in connection with the Con-
vocation Week of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
The registered attendance was between forty and fifty. Mention should be made
of the noteworthy attendance from Massachusetts, and from among the Phila-
delphia members, whose codperation made the work of preparing the meeting
much easier. Since a formal programme has already been sent to the members,
and as the most of the papers presented will appear in THE BRYOLOGIST, no
attempt is made here to present formal abstracts.

Members began arriving soon after nine o’clock, and from then until the
Opening session at eleven there was an acquaintanceship meeting that was among
the most pleasant features of the day. To our great regret a recent illness pre-
vented the attendance of our President, Mrs. Britton, save in the afternoon,
and stopped all active participation in the meeting upon her part. We greatly
appreciate her energy and interest in coming so far especially for the one session.

The exhibits were arranged around two sides of the room before the windows,
giving an abundance of light for all microscopic purposes, as well as for examining
the individual specimens under favorable conditions. Dr. Grout showed slides
and preparations of Camptothecium Woldenit, recently described by him. This
moss, as the label accompanying it announced, came ‘‘from the Kansan Drift,

which Dr. Osborn says is 400,000 years old.”’ In spite of this great age, our new
friend seemed remarkably well preserved. Miss Alice Kendall brought with her
a series of exquisite glycerine mounts of complete moss-plants, showing in full
detail the gross and microscopic structure of the various species, as well as per-
mitting microscopic examination. It is certainly a pity that so few of our mem-
bers could have the opportunity of examining these mounts at first hand. In
addition to this, Miss Kendall had a large amount of material from North Green-
land, collected in ‘‘chunks,’’ as it grew, and dried without pressure, giving a
vivid idea of the state in which the plants naturally exist. These latter specimens.
she most generously distributed at the close of the meeting to all who desired them.
Miss Daisy Levy, besides many microscopic slides, had a number of Petri dishes.
containing growing material of moss-protonema, which had been germinated
upon agar. These showed various stages from the spore to the minute buds
of the future gametophytes, and served to illustrate her paper later in the morn-
ing.

To render more clear the details of his paper upon the lichens of Whatcome
County, Washington, Dr. Herre had forwarded various official maps, showing
the general relationships of the topography and altitudes, as well as surface
conditions. From Mr. Plitt and the Lichen herbarium there were two complete
fascicles of the Lichens now in course of distribution from Dr. Hasse’s duplicates,
and additional material illustrating the original state in which the specimens
were received from Dr. Hasse. It was a source of regret to all that an accident
at the last moment prevented Mr. Plitt from telling us in person about the collec-
tion. A large number of photo-micrographs of mosses or hepatics were shown
by Miss Helen Greenwood, and these were eagerly examined by the members,
many of whom remembered those shown at Philadelphia two years before. These,
and the slides later shown by Dr. Grout, indicate what a wide range of usefulness.
is open to the camera in rendering accessible and intelligible both the gross and
the minute features of mosses and hepatics. In both these cases we regret that
the present situation in the paper trade does not permit us to offer illustrations
of the photographs to members. ;

Mrs. Frank Lowe brought to the meeting, at no small trouble, several boxes
of ‘‘naturally dried mosses.’’ These consisted of turfs of the various species
cut out to fit small pasteboard boxes, and then dried without pressure, so as to
preserve the natural appearance of the plant as usually seen growing. To the
Secretary, this was one of the most interesting exhibits, and, in connection with
the material shown by Mrs. Dunham, seemed to open new opportunity for the
local museum. The average exhibition specimen of a moss isa sad corpse. Save
to an expert, it presents little of interest and is of slight help in determining
specimens. These specimens of Mrs. Lowe’s actually bring into the museum
the characteristic facies of the out-of-door plant, and make amateur study possible
without technical description, in the same manner that a well selected series of
local birds does. Mrs. Dunham’s specimens were of single moss plants, or groups
of plants, specially mounted between sheets of celluloid which in turn were
fastened to cardboard frames. In this form material can be passed from hand

to hand without injury, and be submitted to close examination. For talks to:
beginners, we can think of nothing more useful than such a series. Miss Haynes’s
exhibit was a checklist of North American hepatics, in card-catalogue form,
which has formed the basis of the various checklists which have been issued by
her and Dr. Evans. A new and revised edition of this is promised for the coming
spring.

The formal session for the reading of papers was opened shortly after eleven
o'clock. In the absence of the President, Mr. Chamberlain was appointed
President, pro tem., and Mr. Kaiser, Secretary for the meeting. The first paper,
by Dr. Evans, discussed various species of hepatics that have recently been found
in the United States, each being illustrated by lantern slides. Dr. Herre’s paper
gave a resume of the physical and floral conditions that characterize Whatcome
County, Washington, which occupies what may be called “the northern northwest
corner of the United States.’’ The paper concluded with a tentative list of 124
species and varieties from the region. The morning session closed with Miss.
Levy’s description of the successful experiments she had made in germinating
the spores of various species of mosses upon nutrient agar, as illustrated by the-
material on exhibition. The meeting then adjourned for luncheon.

At the afternoon session, Mrs. Dunham told of the methods used by her in
talking about the common mosses to audiences of school children in connection
with museum talks. She spoke especially of the interest taken by the Camp-
fire Girls and the Boy Scouts, and by still younger children as well,and of the
readiness with which they learn to distinguish many of the commoner species.
Dr. M. A. Howe then spoke of the interesting species of the Ricciaceae that
have recently been discovered in the Southern United States, illustrating his
remarks by lantern slides and photographs of living material from the green-
houses of the New York Botanical Garden. Dr. Riddle gave a historical summary
of the genus Parmeliopsis, Nyl., illustrating the talk by sketches, and outlining
the difficulty that often exists in determining the precise application of specific
and generic names. Miss Lorenz outlined a trip taken to Mr. Katahdin, Maine,
during the past summer, and the various collections of hepatics made during
that time. This article will be published in the next issue of THE BRYOLOGIST.
It is unnecessary to describe, also, Mrs. Smith’s historical account of the Society,
from the start as a “‘corner’’ in the ‘‘ Fern Bulletin’’ to its present condition. We
have all read it. But the Secretary is sure that Mrs. Smith will accept our ex-.
pression of pleasure that she could meet with us, and our appreciation of all that
she has done herself to make the Society possible.

The meeting closed with an exhibition of over fifty lantern slides of mosses,
photographed by Dr. Grout, who accompanied the slides with a running comment,
and prefaced this by a brief outline of the methods used in obtaining the photo-.
graphs. This was a most interesting feature of the meeting, and served to bring
to all the real atmosphere of outdoors. Adjournment followed at about four
o'clock. The Society is indebted to the courtesy of the Botanical Department
of Columbia University for the arrangements for the meeting place and for many~

«conveniences that were placed at the disposal of the local members. For this
tthe Secretary has already made suitable acknowledgment.
18 W. 89TH St., NEw York CITY.

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY NOTES

We clip the following from the Chicago daily papers, and hope later to
publish a more extended notice:

“Mr. Ellsworth Jerome Hill died at his home in Chicago, January 22d, last. ©
Mr. Hill was known to thousands of Chicagoans who had been his pupils at the
Englewood High School, where he taught physics and natural history. He was
ordained a Presbyterian minister fifty-one years ago, but gave up preaching
_after several years to become a teacher. He was known as an authority on the
plant life of the Lake Michigan region. Mr. Hill was born in 1833 in LeRoy,
N. Y. He leaves a widow, daughter, and two sons.” Ey Be:

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

Cooked Lichens for Food.—In an article in the Ottawa Naturalist,! Tom
‘Wilson writes from Vancouver, British Columbia, concerning a number of wild
plants used as food by the Indians of that province. Most of our readers will
probably not see the article, hence we quote: ‘‘I come now to one of the strangest
looking materials for food purposes, namely, the lichens of the dry belt, which
hang like old men’s beards from all the coniferous trees, Alectoria jubata L. The
process of preparaticn was something like this: A large pit was dug in the ground
-and the inside made as smooth as possible. A fire was then built inside, and the
pit thoroughly heated. The ashes were then thrown out and the pit received a
lining of damp grass, on which was laid a layer of ‘“‘moss’’ (lichen). Ancther
layer of damp grass, then more lichen, and so on till the pit was full. It was then
topped off by more grass, and hot stones were laid arcund and over the whole
mass, and it was kept as hot as possible for a day or more, when it was then sup-
posed to be cooked. If not well prepared it was apt to mildew, but I have eaten
it a month after cooking and it was quite good.” Ouag,

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings—To Members only. Return postage should accompany the re-
‘quest:
Mr. Edward B. Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.—
Rhacomitrium patens (B. & S.) Huebn., c. fr.. Switzerland, collected by Mr.
P. G. M. Rhodes.

Mr. A. J. Beals, 71 West 23rd Street, New York City.—Fontinalis gigantea
Sulliv. Sterile, collected by Mr. Beal at Hoboken, N. J., early December, 1916.

1Wilson, Tom. The Use of Wild Plants as Food by Indians. Ottawa Naturalist $0: 17-21.
“May, 1916.

CLOSING OUT SALE

A set of Austin’s Musci Appalachiani, and the follow-
ing books:—Eaton, Ferns of North America (2 vols. in one);
Hooker & Baker, Synop. Filicum, col. ill.; Underwood, Ferns;
Berkeley, British Mosses; Sullivant, Icones Muscorum and
Supplement; Wolle, Fresh Water Algae, and Desmids; Raben-
horst, Flora Europaea Algarum; Leidy, Rhizopods; Kent,
Manual of Infusoria, Vol. 3, ill.; Micrographic Dictionary;
Gosse, Evenings at Microscope; Britton & Brown, Flora U. S.
and Canada; &c, &c.

For prices and terms apply to
Eugene A. Rau 170 Church St. Bethlehem, Penna.

SETS OF THE BRYOLOGIST

ONLY TWO complete sets of THE BRYOLOGIST remain
unsold. Other sets will lack parts of Volume three. Volume six
also cannot be sold separately. The moral, for those who wish sets,
is obvious.

EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN

18 West 89th Street New York City

CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN HEPATICAE

By Miss C. C. HAYNES AND Dr. A. W. EVANS

Lists all forms known to occur in the United States and Canada. First

Supplement containing additions and corrections, also ready.
Price, for either List or Supplement, 25¢ per dozen, 50 for $1.00

MISS C. C. HAYNES : - - HIGHLANDS, N. J.

THE GUIDE TO NATURE

A Magazine of Commonplace Nature
with Uncommon Interest

Beautifully Illustrated Many New Features
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weOlL UME -X X NUMBER 3

SS | oMay.i9i7 | =

THE BRYOLOGIS |

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER MS
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W, RIDDLE. Pi Ing tit
and the fas G
Advisory Board Officers of the aay x JUN 7 191;
\ a
CONTENTS \ 2%,
Notes on North American Species of Riccia Marshall A. Howe 33
Moss Notes, I Aimed. GhOur® 37.
Ellsworth Jerome Pill Albert E. Hill 39
List of Writings on Bryophytes by Rev. E. J. Hill Agnes Chase 4,
Notes on the Hepaticae of Mt. Ktaadn Annie Lorenz 4!
Musci Novi Paraguenses F. V. Brotherus 47

Lichens of the Mt. Monadnock Region, N. H.—No. 8
Themas Durfee 47
Miscellaneous Notes 48
Exchange Department 48

“Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1917, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE MARCH NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST was PUBLISHED MARCH 23, 1917.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
| THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS, AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35. Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Singlecopies, 25cents. Vols. I- XTX. 1898-1916, $19.00.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

Checks, except New York City, MUST contain 10 cents extra for collection
fee. Manuscripts should be sent to Dr. O. E. Jennings, Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Forms close on the first of the month prior to that
of publication. Subscriptions and advertisements should be sent to Dr. O. E.
Jennings, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, or to Mr. Edward B.
Chamberlain, 18 West 89th Street, New York City.

ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith ... 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. CC. ©. Pitt, Lichens zone
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

BRYOLOGIST VOL. XX, PLATE III

EXPLANATION OF PLATE III

1. Riccia violacea M. A. Howe. Photograph, natural size, of specimens collected on Cayo
Muertos, Porto Rico, March 9-12, 1915, by Britton, Cowell and Brown (no. 5059). The speci-
mens, still living, though dried for about ten weeks, were soaked out and photographed on May
20, I9I5.

2. Riccia McAllisteri M. A. Howe. Photograph, natural size, taken in October, 1914, of
type specimens grown at The New York Botanical Garden; original from Granite Mt. (about 70
miles northwest of Austin), Texas, collected by F. McAllister (zo. 3) in May, 1or4.

THe BRYOLOGIST

“VWou. XX May, I917 Now

NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF RICCIA*
MARSHALL A. HOWE
(with plate iii)
RicciA BEYRICHIANA Hampe and Riccta LESCURIANA Austin

Riccia Beyrichiana I have discussed briefly on two former occasions,! but
will here review some of the main points in its history, even at the risk of re-
peating some of the things that have elsewhere been said about it. The species
was originally described in Lehmann’s “ Pugillus Septimus’’, published in Ham-
burg in 1838. The name was attributed to “‘Hampe Ms’’. It is probable,
however, that the description was written by Lindenberg, whose classical mono-
graph of the Ricciaceae had been published two years earlier, though Linden-
berg’s name appears only in the preface to Lehmann’s work. The plant is said
to have been collected in North America, between Jefferson and Gainesville, by
a German botanical traveler, Beyrich. From what is known of Beyrich’s travels
it is evident that the Jefferson and Gainesville in question are in northern Georgia,
where towns bearing these names are county seats about twenty miles apart.
Until recent years Riccia Beyrichiana remained apparently unknown except
from the original description. In some critical notes on the American species
of Riccia, published by Professor Underwood in The Botanical Gazette in 1894,
Riccia Beyrichiana was omitted on the ground that there was no recent evidence
that it was a member of our flora. In 1898, however, Stephani, in his Species
Hepaticarum? stated that he had seen Beyrich’s plant, that it was collected in
Jefferson, North America, and that it is doubtless a good species. And he gives
a new description of it. Three years later, in 1901, I wrote to the Naturhis-
torisches Hofmuseum in Vienna, where the Lindenberg herbarium is preserved,
and secured for study the pocket containing the apparent type of the species.
I then published some notes on it, expressing the opinion that the species was a
valid one and adding to the previous descriptions a more detailed account of the
spores. Three years ago, after the meeting of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science and the Botanical Society of America at Atlanta,
Georgia, I took advantage of the opportunity to visit Jefferson and Gainesville
and some of the intervening territory, with the hope and purpose of rediscover-

1 Bull. Torrey Club 28: 161-165. 1901.
Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 15: 60-63. 1914.
2 Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 318.
* Abstracted and revised from an illustrated paper presented under a slightly different title
before the Sullivant Moss Society at its New York meeting, December 20, 1916.
ae March number of the BRYOLOGIST was published March oe ‘donian Instiz,

ls %
vo JUN. 7 = 1917

% \

¥)

C2, oy,
bY , A q af

ing this long-lost species. I did not find it at just those points, but at Athens,
Georgia, in the.same general region, I did find what I took to be it and so an-
nounced the rediscovery of the species. Since that time, however, I have felt
that there were difficulties in the way of distinguishing the Georgian Riccia Bey-
richiana from R. Lescuriana, which was described from New Jersey in 1869 and
has since been reported from as far south as Florida, as far west as California,
and has been alleged to occur in Europe also.

At the time of examining the original material of Riccia Beyrichiana, the
thallus seemed to me so much smaller than that of R. Lescuriana as I then knew
it, while the spores were so much larger and so much more opaque, that it hardly
occurred to me that the two were closely related. Stephani, in his somewhat
artificial arrangement of the species in his Species Hepaticarum, had placed them
fifteen numbers apart. He had, by the way, described the thallus-margins of
R. Lescuriana (name modified to ‘‘ Lesquereuxit”’) as naked, although Austin’s
original diagnosis had stated that they were ciliate, and, on the other hand, he
had attributed cilia to the thallus-margins of R. Beyrichiana, even though the
original description of this species had implied that they were naked. The facts
are that the original specimen of Riccia Beyrichiana shows a few inconspicuots
cilia and authentic specimens: of R. Lescuriana show more obvious ones. A
study of a considerable series of living American specimens referred to R. Les-
curiana indicates that the thallus-margins normally and usually show a few cilia,
but that, as in most ciliate-margined species, the cilia are occasionally wanting
or deciduous or are so few and small as to be easily overlooked. In the matter
of the size of the thallus it is to be noted that, although the type of Riccia Bey-
richiana seemed to me a much smaller plant than R. Lescuriana, Stephani, who
also saw authentic material of R. Beyrichiana, makes it out to have at least a
longer thallus (max. 10 mm. vs. max. 7 mm.) than does R. Lescuriana. In the
matter of the size of the spores, one sometimes finds in Riccia a good deal of
variation in the spores from a single capsule and in spores from different capsules
on a single plant. And in this matter of size of spores, specimens of undoubted
Riccia Lescuriana from Florida and California make a close approach to the
type of R. Beyrichiana from Georgia. And the same may be said in regard to
the opacity of the older spores. More constant and reliable than the size of
the spores as a specific character are their surface markings, and in this respect’
the spores of the type of R. Beyrichiana are essentially like those of authentic
specimens of R. Lescuriana, that is to say, the outer face of the spore is strongly
areolate with large meshes, while the inner faces are nearly smooth or are at
most only faintly and imperfectly areolate. When all of the supposedly dis-
tinctive characters of Riccia Beyrichiana and R. Lescuriana are compared, in a
good series of specimens from various localities, one, I think, is forced to the
conclusion that they do not offer a safe and satisfactory basis for specific dis-
tinctions. The name of the species then becomes Riccia Beyrichiana Hampe,
a name that was published thirty one years earlier than Riccia Lescuriana Aust.
The species evidently has a wide range in North America. Its most northeastern
station, so far as now known, is at Northampton, Massachusetts, where it has

—35—

been found by Miss Annie Lorenz, who, by the way, states that at West Hart-
ford, Connecticut, plants of this species persisted alive through the unusually
severe winter of I914 and that the species is apparently a perennial. Besides
Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, and Georgia, the species has been
found also in Illinois, Florida, Texas, Colorado, California, and Alberta (Brink-
man). Under the name Riccia Lescuriana several European hepaticologists
have attributed the species to Europe also, and as is the case with several other
species in this genus, it seems impossible to separate some of the European mater-
ial from the American. However, some of the non-ciliated European specimens
that have been referred to R. Lescuriana seem to be more closely related to
Riccia glauca or R. bifurca than to this species.

Riccia McAllisteri sp. nov.

Thallus 2 or 3 times rather divergently forking, often forming densely gre-
garious more or less radiating masses, bright green when living, often whitish-
or yellowish-green with age or on drying, violet-purple or sometimes decolorate
at margins and on sides, regularly reticulate above, 5-8 mm. long, the main seg-
ments oblong or oblong-obovate, 1.5—2.5 mm. wide, the terminal segments ovate,
subquadrate, or somewhat obcordate, rounded-obtuse or subacute; median
sulcus acute and sharply defined in anterior parts, becoming obscure in the
posterior; ventral scales entire, reddish violet, claret-colored, or sometimes de-
colorate, imbricate, slightly exceeding the acute ascending margins, the extreme
margin hyaline or violet and unistratose for a width of one or two cells; trans-
verse sections of the thallus mostly 2-3 times broader than high, the ventral
outlines rounded-convex or occasionally somewhat flattened; dorsal epidermis
of two (or three) layers of cells, the cells of the primary stratum mostly mammi-
form-apiculate, soon collapsing and leaving rather inconspicuous, or sometimes
cup-like vestiges, the cells of the secondary superficial stratum mostly 26—78u
broad, these and underlying cells in very distinct and regular rows when viewed
from above; monoicous; antheridial ostioles elevated 50—-160u, often violet; cap-
sules usually numerous, soon exposed, the spores lying conglobate in long masses
at the bottom of a deep widely open pit or trough; spores at first violet or violet-
brown, soon violet-black and opaque, 96-1324 in maximum diameter, ellipsoid,
ovoid, subspheric, or obscurely tetrahedral, wholly destitute of wing-margins,
at first almost uniformly areolate over the whole surface, the areolae mostly 7—15u
in diameter, soon obscure, and the spores finally appearing densely echinulate,
the spinulae 5—I1u long, truncate or obtuse, or occasionally subacute, sometimes
cristate-furcate.

On moist ground near standing water in quarry-holes, Granite Mountain
(about 70 miles northwest of Austin), Texas, Dr. F. McAllister, May, 1914.
The technical type specimens were grown in the Propagating House of the New
York Botanical Garden, whence they were collected and placed in the herbarium
of that institution on December 8, 1914.

Plants that are doubtless to be referred to this species have been collected
also at Glencoe, Missouri, by Dr. N. L. T. Nelson (in herb. A. W. Evans), though
its spores are rather more obviously reticulate and less strikingly echinulate
than those of the Texan type.

Riccia McAllistert is related to R. dictyospora M. A. Howe, originally de-
scribed from Athens, Georgia, yet appears to be specifically distinct, differing
in the less elongate, less linear, less conspicuously marginate, more freely fork-

ing thallus, with less acute apices and rather more pronounced anterior sulcus,
in the red-violet instead of black-purple scales, in the apparent absence of special
‘‘oil-body’’ cells, in the more elevated antheridial ostioles (50-160u vs. 0—-50,),
in the more apiculate and more persistent cells of the primary epidermis, in the
usually larger (mostly 114 diameters) cells of the secondary epidermis, in the
more regularly seriate arrangement of these and the subjacent cells when viewed
from above, in the violet-black and soon opaque instead of brown and rather
translucent spores; and the spores of R. McAllistert, except in the younger stages,
impress one as echinulate rather than areolate; short spines or papillae are finally
developed in R. dictyospora, but they rarely reach a length of 5y.

RicciA VIOLACEA M. A. Howe, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 51. 1915.

Since the type of Rzccia violacea was collected on Mona Island, between
Porto Rico and Santo Domingo, in 1914, by Britton, Cowell and Hess, the species
has been found by Dr. Britton and associates in two more Porto Rican localities,
namely, Salinas de Guanica (Britton, Cowell, & Brown, 4919) and Cayo Muertos
(Britton, Cowell, & Brown, 5089). And what appears to be the same thing from
the Bay of Mariel, Province of Pinar del Rio, Cuba, where it-was collected by
N. L. Britton and F. S. Earle, Sept. 21, 1910 (no. 7594), has been discovered:
among the undetermined West Indian Hepaticae in the collections of the New
York Botanical Garden. The species is, accordingly, now known from four
stations, representing four West Indian Islands, if two small ‘‘ Keys” are counted
as islands. As the plants are very small (1.5-4.0 mm. long and 0.6-1.15 mm.
wide) and easily overlooked, it now seems reasonable to suppose that critical
field work might show the species to be widely distributed in the West Indian
region. The new material permits the addition of certain characters that were
unknown at the time of publishing the original description. Few well-developed
archegonia and few spores have been seen, but it seems nearly certain that the
species is dioicous; at least, numerous plants have been seen that appear to bear
antheridia only, while most of the Cuban material appears to bear abortive or
unfertilized archegonia only. The antheridial ostioles are elevated 20-150u
and are often violet. The spores, seen sparingly in the Salinas de Guanica
specimen after cultivation at the New York Botanical Garden, are soon fuscous
and very opaque, 80-105u in maximum diameter, obscurely angled or flattened-
sphaeroid, destitute of wing-margins, finely, irregularly, and almost uniformly
areolate over the whole surface, the areolae 7—I1Iu wide, soon very obscure and
the spores appearing minutely and densely verruculose, the verruculae obtuse
or truncate, 2-4 high.

In studies of the terrestrial Ricciae, it is of great advantage to have access
to living material, and it is especially illuminating to have closely related species
and forms growing side by side as has been done for two years or more in the
Propagating House of the New York Botanical Garden. Iam greatly indebted to
readers of THE Bryovoatst for kindly supplying living material of various species
and I would earnestly solicit a continuance of these favors during the coming season.

Tue NEw York BoTANICAL GARDEN,
Bronx PARK, NEW YorK CITY

MOSS NOTES, I
mb. GROUT

Recently it was my good fortune to obtain the first ten volumes of the
Bulletin of The Torrey Botanical Club complete. I read the first numbers with
as much interest as a school girl reads a love story. j

Vol. 1, No. 1, N. Y., Jan., 1870, begins: ‘‘The object of this bulletin is
primarily to form a medium of communication for all those interested in the
Flora of this vicinity, and thus to bring together and fan into a flame the sparks
of botanical enthusiasm, at present too much isolated.”’

Reading Mrs. Smith’s account of the early history of THE Bryo.oaist led
me to draw comparisons and to ask questions. Why is it that the Torrey Bul-
letin and the Botanical Gazette that started out to help and encourage the amateur
have so far changed their nature? And why is it that THE BRYOLOGIST seems
to be traveling along the same road?

There are several obvious reasons, but my point is this: THE BRYOLOGIST
was founded to bring together and encourage large numbers of amateur observers
all over our country, so that they might find enjoyment for themselves and
furnish to scientists and to each other data that would enable some one to write
a really comprehensive manual of our moss flora. Several times contributions
have been solicited, contributions of short and interesting observations by any
and every Society member.

Personally I have felt that it was time for some one else to speak. Others
have spoken to be sure, but we have not received the amount of material of this
sort that we should have, so this series of articles has been started to give to our
Society members something of the kind originally planned. Suggestion as well
as statement of fact is a part of the plan.

BUXBAUMIA INDUSIATA Brid. is one of the rare mosses that I have never
collected and which others must have overlooked. Miss Lorenz found it at
Willoughby. Prof. Peck collected it near Haines Falls, N. Y., ‘‘Probably in
the swampy lowlands between Haines Falls and Tannersville.”

Prof. E. J. Durand collected it in Enfield Ravine, Ithaca, N. Y. Specimens
of this collection were photographed for the present article. According to Mrs.
Britton in The Observer for March, 1896, it has also been collected at Horseshoe
Pond in the Adirondacks; near Syracuse, N. Y.; also in Nova Scotia, Idaho,
Montana, Washington, British Columbia, and in the White Mountains by Oakes.
The plants always grow on decayed wood; one collector says birch, another says
that the wood was coniferous and that they grew associated with Georgia pellucida.

Judging by the published notes and available illustrations, the species are
-not easily distinguishable without careful study, but if the plants photographed
are typical, and there is no reason to think otherwise, one can distinguish B.
indusiata at first sight. I wish I might get fresh specimens to photograph. B.
aphylla grows on soil, is dark colored, as near a chestnut as anything, flattened
with a thickened ridge between the upper and the lower surfaces; spores 5—8y,
maturing late autumn to spring. B. indusiata grows on decaying wood, is a

much lighter red-brown, almost tawny, is not noticeably flattened or ridged;
spores two to three times as large as in aphylla, maturing spring to autumn.

Let us all watch rotten logs in cool moist places and if we are successful in
finding this shy ‘‘Humpbacked Elf” take full notes for Dr. Jennings.

Curtis H1iGH SCHOOL,
NEw BriGcuTon, N. Y. CIty

Buxbaumia X 9. B. aphylla (left) and B. indusiata (right). From herbarium }
specimens ‘

THOS
ELLSWORTH JEROME HILL

ALBERT, E; HILu

Ellsworth Jerome Hill was born December 1, 1833, in LeRoy, New York,
a prosperousand charming townintherich valley of the Genesee. His father, a
thrifty farmer, sprang from English stock that emigrated to Guilford, Connecti-
cut, in the middle of the seventeenth century. His mother was descended on
the maternal side from the Dutch of the Mohawk and Hudson River valleys.

His early education was for the most part of the primitive country-school
sort. From the age of four to twelve he went, summer and winter, to a cross-
roads school. Afterwards, when his help was needed on the farm in summer,
his attendance was limited to the winter term. Three winters in the academy
at Le Roy, in which he began the classics and took up such other studies as
would be of help in teaching, completed his formal preparatory work. There
was, however, another kind of education he pursued with increasing fervor
almost from childhood to the end of his life—the education derived from the
constant and thorough reading of good books. Asa young man he became con-
vinced, in his own words, ‘‘that where one had gone before it was possible for
another to follow, with or without a teacher, if every step was mastered as one
went along.’”’ No man was ever more faithful than he in mastering each step,
or more thoroughly in command, as he was till his last hour, of the wide range
of facts that his reading covered.

What seemed at the time a fatal handicap came to him when he was twenty.
For a year he was almost helpless from an affection of the knee. Yet there was
an element of good fortune in his affliction, since it led him to the study that
later became his passion. To’get out of doors he began, on the advice of his
physician and with the aid of Wood’s text-book, the study of Botany. Crawl-
ing painfully on crutches to the edge of the orchard he secured a few flowers
and these he succeeded in identifying. When next year he went to Mississippi
to escape the rigor of a northern winter, he pursued the study as constantly as
his preparatory teaching of boys and girls would permit. A camp stool strapped
on his back, for use when he must rest, and with two canes to support his weak
steps, he would make such excursions as he could to the woods and fields in
search of specimens. These he classified with a high degree of accuracy, con-
sidering the meagerness of the available material on the subject.

After three years in Mississippi he returned to Le Roy where he continued
to prepare himself for college and to study Botany. In 1860 he entered Union
Theological Seminary in New York City from which he graduated in 1863.

From 1863 to 1869 he was a pastor of the Presbyterian church in the district
of eastern Illinois. A return of his old trouble, this time affecting his hip-joint,
compelled him to lay aside his pastoral work. He never actively resumed it,
though he continued to be a member of the Chicago Presbytery for the rest of
his life.

These were hard days. But for the courage and helpfulness of his wife to
support his own determination to achieve something of worth it is difficult to
see how he could have survived the trial. He returned to teaching when his

strength was barely enough to sustain existence. From 1870 to 1874 he taught
the languages, botany, and geology in the high school of Kankakee, Illinois.
While he was still lame he went to Minnesota for a few months, broken in health,
but unshaken in purpose. Again his wife’s help saved the day for his botanical
studies. She gathered the plants that he had not the strength to hunt, while
he wrote out their descriptions, there being no books at hand by which to identify
them. In every way, as she did throughout the years that followed, she gave
richly of her strength and encouragement that he might succeed.

Though it was years before he fully regained his health he was never troubled
with another attack of lameness. By the exercise of the utmost care he slowly
regained strength. He moved to Chicago in 1874. From this date to 1888 he
taught physics and the natural sciences in the high school at Englewood, now a
part of the great city. On holidays in the spring and fall he still further built
up his strength and added to his knowledge of his favorite subject by making
botanical excursions to the country within reach The summer vacations he
spent, when he could, in extended trips to places farther away, chiefly to the
regions bordering on the Great Lakes.

In 1888 he abandoned teaching as a profession. Having inherited some
property from his father he was able, by careful management, to spend most of
his time in the intensive study of his chosen science. Until three or four years
ago he continued to make short trips to gather specimens and study the condi-
tions of the plants in which he was most interested. It was a sad day for him
when he discovered that his expeditions must be given up. His work in his own
study, however, he never abandoned. Even so late as the fall of 1916 he pre-
pared an article for the press.

A severe attack of pneumonia in the spring of 1915, from which his indomit-
able will rescued him, left him weakened. After that he hardly left the house.
In fact, for more than a year previous to his death he did not stir abroad. The
last year he had not the strength to go down stairs. Yet daily he was dressed
and sat in his easy chair beside his writing table. He kept track of world events
to the last. His mind remained as clear as it had been in his youth, as firmly
in command of its great store of knowledge. Death came to him gently on
January 22, 1917.

It does not often happen in these days that a scientist is also a man of wide
learning in the humanities. Ellsworth Jerome Hill was one of these few men.
He maintained to the end his hold on Hebrew and the Latin and Greek classics.
He had a good knowledge of French and German literature as well as that of his
own tongue. He kept thoroughly posted on the political, religious, philosophical
and social movements of his time. And, naturally, he knew much of the other
sciences besides botany, in particular of geology, into which at one time he had
gone rather deeply. As he gave freely of his means to charity, so he gave gen-
erously of his knowledge to the many that came to him for help. |

UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA,
RENO, NEVADA

LIST OF WRITINGS ON BRYOPHYTES BY REV. E. J. HILL*

AGNES CHASE

1. Fissidens grandifrons, its Habits and Propagation. BRYOLOGIST 5: 56.

2. Branched Paraphyses of Bryum roseum. BRYOLOGIST 6: 80. 1903.

3. Encalypta procera Bruch. BRYOLOGIST 8: 107. 1905.

4. The Validity of some Species of Fissidens. BRyYOLOoGIsT 10: 67. 1907.

5. Note on Amblystegium noterophilum. BRYOLOGIST 12: 108. 1909.

6. Charles R. Barnes and Julius ROll’s Collection of Mosses in North Amer-
ica. BRYOLOGIST 13: 105. IgQIO.

‘7. Notes on Lepidozia setacea. BRYOLOGIST 15: 44. 1912.

8. The Annulus of Tortella caespitosa. BRYOLOGIST 16: 17. 1913.

9g. Notes on the Distribution of Polytrichum strictum and some associated
Sphagna. BryoLocist 17: Ofn, -1OLA.

10. Fontinalis Umbachu Cardot. BryoLocist 18: 10. 1915.

11. Notes on Funaria. BRYOLOGIST 19: 35. 1916.
12. Fossombronia crispula in the Dune Region of Indiana. BRYOLOCIST

£9267. 1916.

WASHINGTON, D. C. -

NOTES ON THE HEPATICAE OF MT. KTAADN

ANNIE LORENZ

Mt. Ktaadn’s massif was fairly well explored for mosses by Messrs. Ken-
nedy and Collins during their expedition of July, 1900. For the extremely inter-
esting illustrated account of this expedition the reader is referred to Rhodora
for June, 1901. It was this report which first aroused the writer’s desire to visit
the mountain, and the opportunity offered by the Appalachian Mountain Club’s
1916 August Camp was too providential to be lost.

Our camp was on the north shore of Chimney Pond, a few rods back from
the beach. The cliffs towered above us for over 2000 ft., to the Cairn on the
summit of West Monument Peak, an impressive and awe-inspiring spectacle.
During the whole trip, a well-thumbed copy of that Rhodora enabled us to follow
the various activities of the Kennedy party. Camp Kennedy, close to our camp,
was practically in ruins, and helped to heat our cooking-fires, but it was most
entertaining to find everything just as it had been described.

It was also interesting to note the differences caused by the season, as they
were there early in July when the water was high; in late August the ‘‘bog
around the edge of the pond’ was practically dry, with a beach of loose
stones and boulders all the way around. The “brook by the camp’’ was
also a delusion. They had rain every day, we had no regular rainy day, and

*For a complete list of botanical papers written by Rev. E. J. Hill, 162 titles, see an article
by Miss Chase in Rhodora 19: 61-69. April, 1917.

only once was any party soaked bya shower. The weather for the first few
days was excessively hot and smoky, and everything around the camp was so dry
that the fire com-
mittee said that we
were living in a
powder-keg, and is-

about the use of
fire in the camp.

Chimney Pond
was the only water-
supply, and _ the
farthest corner was
assigned as a bath-
ing and _ laundry
place,... "and. .; the
water thereof was
aptly described by
Judge Churchill as
‘‘alpine.”’ Camp
was run on a day-
light-saving sched-
ule, breakfast being
at 6,vlunche abe
dinner at 5. Dark-
ness by 7, and bed
very shortly there-
after.

The writer
served as camp
botanist, and while
not paying suffi-

Fic. 1.—Chimney Pond from the Appalachian Mountain Club camp. cient attention to
Photo by Mr. Parker B. Field. the flowering plants

to collect any prop-
erly, only bringing out a small bale of hay, without pressing, managed to check
off at least half of those on Mr. Fernald’s list. Hepaticae received the most
attention, and the mosses some slight amount, and this often hastily, as there
was little time for collecting with a large party, while en route. Chimney Pond
had the most careful exploration at odd times about the camp, and yielded the
majority of the novelties.

The writer did no collecting on the first day’s trip in as far as Cushman’s
Camp, on beautiful Ktaadn Lake. On the way up to’Camp, however, the next
day, one crossing of Ktaadn Brook was full of fine Jungermannia cordifolia Hook.
On examining the pond shore near the camp, the most conspicuous species were

sued strict rules —

Sheahan

Pellia epiphylla (L.) Corda, and a large and luxuriant Fossombronia, without
mature capsules, probably foveolata, Marsupella emarginata (Ehrh.) Dum., all
sizes, Nardia Geoscyphus (De Not.) Lindb., new to Maine, in the peaty corners
of the sedge tufts, mixed with Lophozia inflata (Huds.) Howe, and L. alpestris
(Schleich.) Evans. This latter was collected new to Maine by Mr. Collins in
1900 because he could not help it, being as it is the dominant Lophozia of the
region, and occurring in 57 varieties.

A preliminary circuit of the pond produced L. Kunzeana (Hitiben.) Evans,
also new to Maine, on the big boulder-talus at the southeastern end of the pond,
also Diplophylleia taxifolia (Wahl.) Trev., Lophozia Hatchert (Evans) Steph.,
L. lycopodioides (Wahl.) Cogn., Rhytidium rugosum (Ehrh.) Kindb. This latter
was the only moss noted by the writer which was not on Dr. Kennedy’s list.

On the peat among the cranberries along the camp side of the pond was
more L. Kunzeana (Hiiben) Evans, this habitat, on Sphagnum, being its usual
one in the White Mts. Nearby, on the edges of the peat and pond, were Mar-
supella ustulata (Hiiben.) Spruce, and Cephaloziella Starket (Funck.) Schiffn.,
this latter also new to Maine.

Along the southwestern shore was first, plenty of L. confertifolia Schiffn.
on small boulders at the edge of the woods. Further on, one was curiously re-
minded of Lower Greeley Pond, Waterville, N. H., with its pebbly peaty shore
supporting a mixed turf of Marsupella emarginata (Ehrh.) Dum., M. Sullivantii
(De Not.) Evans, Nardia obovata (Nees.) Carringt., Lophozia alpestris (Schleich. )
Evans, L. inflata (Huds.) Howe, Odontoschisma elongatum (Lindb.) Evans,
Scapania dentata Dum., S. subalpina (Nees.) Dum., etc. A delightful little
beach bore above highwater mark a garden of hare bells, Aster Radula Ait.,
alpine Solidago, and Arenaria groenlandica Spreng., with alpine grasses and
sedges. The ground beneath was covered with a mixture of Cephaloztella
Starker (Funck.) Schiffn., Cephalozia bicuspidata (L.) Dum., 3 species of Mar-
supella, small tufts of Scapania subalpina (Nees.) Dum., S. dentata Dum., S.
irrigua (Nees.) Dum., and even an occasional tumbledown bit of Gymnomuitrium
concinnatum (Lightf.) Corda. from the heights above. Marsupellae were in
assorted sizes; some of the Sullivantit was almost robust enough for sphacelata,
but was on the beach and not in the water.

Following up. the dry brook at the southwest corner of the pond were more
Marsupellae, Nardia obovata, Dicranum longifolium Ehrh., Andreaea petrophila
Ehrh., and a few bits of Frullania Oakestana Aust. on the larger birches. Our
first official expedition was up this brook via the slide to the mouth of the Chim-
ney, which contained a rivulet, but nothing particularly exciting in the way of
hepatics. vie |

Our usual route up the mountain, taking about an hour and a half from
camp on to the Tableland, was via a slide just south of the Saddle Slide used by
the Kennedy party, as that was too much overgrown. A cold spring near the
top of this slide was the only water-supply on the mountain (barring the Abol
spring) except certain dubious. rain-pools in the rocks. The Tableland itself
(about 4300 ft.) is very dry and barren, with a markedly acid-soil flora. Dza-

pensia, Salix Uva-urst Pursh, Vaccinium uliginosum L., Rhododendron lapponi-
cum Wahl., V. Vitis-I[daea L., Lycopodium Selago L., L. annotinum L., var.
pungens, Ptilidium ciliare (L.) Nees., Rhacomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid.,
Ptiium Crista-castrensis (L.) De Not., Hypnum Schrebert Willd., with balsam
scrub, comprised the flora at first glance. ‘Our little Labrador’’ some one

called it. The caribou have all moved further north; of the herd of 80 formerly |

inhabiting the tableland, the last one was seen there in 1908.

The whole top of the mountain is much more barren than the Presidential
Range at similar altitudes, in fact, it more resembles the cone of Washington.
There are very few little damp Sphagnum holes, or permanent rivulets, like
those at the head of Tuckerman’s. The west side of West Monument. Peak
has little glades full of vegetation, but nothing as good as the Alpine Garden.

Once on the Tableland, the peaks were a mere amble. The writer made
four ascents, which was about the average. The hepaticae up above were
mainly Gymnomitrium concinnatum (Lightf.) Corda., G. corallioides Nees, new
to Maine (only one bit collected), Temnoma setiforme (Ehrh.) Howe, Lophozia
attenuata (Mart.) Dum., L. Hatchert (Evans) St., L. lycopodioides (Wallr.) Cogn.,
largely var. obliqua K. M., L. Kunzeana (Htiben.) Evans, Cephalozia bicuspidata
(L.) Dum., Diplophylleia taxifolia (Wahl.) Trev.

Fic. 2.—Pomola and Chimney Pond (lower left-hand corner) from top of Saddle Slide.
Photo by Mr. W. E. Dawson.

Of the mosses, besides those mentioned above, there occurred Dicranum
elongatum Schwaegr., Grimmia Doniana Sm., Conostomum boreale Swz., Poly-

tt ee

karen

a

trichum strictum Banks. There was on the Tableland no bare peaty ground like
that along the Carriage Road and about the Lakes of the Clouds.

The party went over to the North Basin one afternoon, but penetrated only
as far as the pond across its mouth, as the clouds were down to the floor of the
Basin. It was primarily a blueberrying expedition, as we had to cross a big
briilée, or dri-ki, as they are called up there, which had been made since the
Kennedy expedition. All through this the ground was carpeted with Cepha-
loziella bifida (Schreb.) Schiffn., new to Maine. The pond was very low, sur-
rounded by scrub and very poor hepatic pickings, only a few bits of Plagztochila,
Scapania, etc. So the writer had not the opportunity of examining the head-
wall of the Basin, which was recommended by the Kennedy party as affording
some of the best collecting in the region.

One of the most attractive of the many places upon which the writer would
have liked to have spent more time was the long steep eastern slope of Pomola,
as all the plants thereon looked less stunted and more luxuriant than those upon
the Tableland.

The knife-edge, from Pomola to West Monument Peak, while extremely
entertaining, was as dry as the brick wall it much resembles in places. The
upper 700 ft. of the mountain, from above the grey granite of the Tableland, are
of a pink granite like that of Chocorua. It is fairly covered with small crustose
lichens, one black, and one ‘‘greenery-yallery.”” This latter is Buellia geo-
graphica (L.) Th. Fr., a species confined to granite rocks, and equally abundant
upon Mt. Washington. The color effect of the rocks is consequently grey,
except when close to them.

At the top of the Chimney was a little more vegetation, ne some good
Rhytidium rugosum (Ehrh.) Kindb.

From the summit we had observed a small pond in the South Basin, north-
west of Chimney Pod, and some of the men started a trail thereto. As the trail
reached there only eventually, it was christened Lost Pond, and proved to be a
most attractive little place, with a new and striking view of the great cliffs.
Here again the water was low, with peaty banks, with a fine mixture of L. long-
flora (Nees) Schiffn., L. Kunzeana (Hiiben.) Evans, L. inflata (Huds.) Howe,
Mylia anomala (Hook.) S. F. G., Cephalozia bicuspidata (L.) Dum., C. Francisct
(Hook.) Spruce, &c. This was our last official expedition, as camp broke up
on August 31, and we left Staceyville on the sleeper September 2.

Mr. Collins’s sketch-map in the old Rhodora was the most accurate that we
had in camp. He had not, however, indicated the two great basins on the west
side of the mountain, known as Klondike and Northwest, owing to lack of clear
views while he was on Ktaadn.

In a cold brook not far below the Pomola trail was much excellent Scapania
dentata var. speciosa (Nees) K. M. A little farther down, above Depot Pond,
was an old bog, of perhaps an acre, full of Mylia anomala, Lophozia marchica
(Nees) St., Lepidozia setacea (Web.) Mitt., Cephalozia macrostachya Kaal., C.
fluitans (Nees) Spruce, besides many attractive sedges. In the buck-board
road at Dacey’s Dam were a few bits of Ricciella Sullivantii (Aust.) Evans,

besides much Anthoceros laevis L. Along the wet clayey road between Lunkasoo
and Staceyville there were unlimited quantities of A. Macouniit Howe.

Of former additions to the Maine hepatic list first collected on Ktaadn.,
E. D. Merrill, in 1898, got Scapania convexula, described as new by Miiller.*

Mr. Collins, in 1900, found Gymnomitrium concinnatum (Lightf.) Corda,
Nardia obovata (Nees) Carringt., Lophozia barbata (Schmid.) Dum., L. lyco- -
podioides (Wallr.) Cogn. (new to New England), L. alpestris (Schleich.) Evans,
and Scapania umbrosa (Schrad.) Dum.

The Cowles party, in 1902, working in the North-West Ba’sin, acquired
Marsupella aquatica (Lindenb.) Schiffn., Lophozia confertifolia Schiffn., (new to
North America) and Ptiltdium pulcherrimum (Web.) Hampe.

Dr. Evans, in 1908, in an ascent via the Abol Slide, collected Maren
ustulata (Hiiben.) Spruce, and Lophozta bicrenata (Schmid.) Dum.

The writer, in 1916, added Gymnomttrium corallioides Nees, Nardia Geoscyphus
(De Not.) Lindb., Lophozia Kunzeana (Hiiben.) Evans, Cephaloziella bifida
(Schreb.) Schiffn. and C. Starket (Funck) Schiffn.

Some notes on the species either lacking, or overlooked, may be of interest.
The writer collected all the hepaticae on Mr. Collins’s list, with the exception of
Scapania umbrosa (Schrad.) Dum. Of the two closely related Sphenolobi, every-
thing collected was exsectaeformis (Breidl.) Steph. No Lophozia longidens (Lindb.)
Macoun was noted, and no Scapania nemorosa (L.) Dum.

Marchantiaceae were entirely lacking until well down the trail, and then
mainly Conocephalum. Lophozia lycopodioides (Wallr.) Cogn., while abundant,
and typical about the camp, was inclined to be var. obliqua K. M., up above.
Cephaloziella species were less numerous than in the White Mts. No Porella
or Radula was collected by the writer.

A more leisurely survey of the mountain is necessary than that which the
writer was enabled to bestow upon it during her ten-days’ stay, but it would
undoubtedly yield many species, including some more denizens of a distinctly
arctic character, besides those already upon our list.

The attention of collectors is called to this mountain, a New England—No!
a National asset, as yet unrealized by the majority of our fellow-citizens—Ktaadn
the Magnificent! far to the north of Boston!

HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT,
DECEMBER, I916

* A quantity of Mr. Merrill’s bryophytes, presumably from the same expedition, now in the
hands of Dr. Riddle, may prove to contain some of the additional species listed below, in which
case they will antedate these records.

oo emg
MUSCI NOVI PARAGUENSES*

Descripsit

V. F. BROTHERUS

Porotrichum cavifolium Broth. sp. n. Dioicum; robustiusculum, viride,
aetate lutescenti-viride, nitidiusculum; caulis primarius elongatus, caules secun-
darii inter se remoti, usque ad 5 cm. longi, brevistipitati, densiuscule foliosi,
dense pinnatim ramosi ramis patentibus, infimis usque ad 2 cm. longi, dein
descrescentibus, vix complanatis, subpinnatim ramulosis vel simplicibus; folia
concavo, stipitis erecto-patentia accrescentia, caulina patentia, oblongo-ligu-
lata, obtusissima, apiculata, superne argute et inaequaliter serrata, nervo longe
infra apicem folii evanido, cellulis superioribus hexagono-rhombeis, dein sensim
longioribus, alaribus sat numerosis, ovalibus, minutis, ramea conformia, sed
minora. Caetera ignota.

Paraguay, sine loco designato (Alfred Russell Wallace, in Herb. Mitten).

Species ob folia concavo speciebus nonnullus americanis Porotrichodendrt,
ex. gr. P. superbo similis, sed foliis obtusissimis, superne argute et inaequaliter
serratis, cellulis superioribus laxioribus facillime dignoscenda.

Porothamnium parvirete Broth.sp.n. Dioicum; gracile, viride, vix nitidius-
culum; caulis primarius elongatus, caules secundarii inter se remoti, usque ad
5 cm. longi, brevistipitati, densiuscula foliosi, obtusi, raro flagelliformi-attenuati,
dense pinnatim ramosi, ramis patentibus, usque ad cm. longis, complanatis,
subpinnatim ramulosis vel -simplicibus; folio stipitis destructa, caulina sicca
indistincte plicatula, humida patentia oblongo-ligulata, obtusissima apiculata,
margine inferiore inflexo, superne argute et inaequaliter serrata, nervo longe infra
apicem folii evanido, cellulis superioribus minutis, rhombeis, dein sensim longi-
oribus, oblongo-hexagonis, basilaribus linearibus, apice papillose exstante, ramea
conformia, sed minora. Caetera ignota.

Paraguay, sine loco designato (Herb. Mitten).

Species P. porrectulo (C. Miill.) habitu simillima, sed ab hac ut etiam a
caeteris speciebus generi cellulis folii superioribus minutis dignoscenda.

LICHENS OF THE MT. MONADNOCK REGION, N. H.—No. 87{
THOMAS DURFEE

These lichens were determined by the late Dr. H. E. Hasse. All the speci-
mens are fertile.
Genus: LECANORA
Section: Aspicilia
141. Lecanora calcarea (L.) Sommerf. Two specimens, both fertile.
142. L. cinerea Ach. Eleven specimens, all fertile.
143. L. laevata (Ach.) Nyl. Two specimens, both fertile.

* These mosses were sent to Dr. Brotherus to be determined because the collections at the
New York Botanical Gardens are not particularly rich in mosses from Paraguay, and there are
Over 30 species of the genus from S. A. described by various authors, principally Hampe and C.
Miiller, which were lacking in Mitten’s Herbarium. Specimens of P. cavifolium Broth. n. sp.
were probably sent to Alfred Russell Wallace with orchids, as it was his custom to send to his
father-in-law, William Mitten, all mosses received in this way.

E. G. Britton,
NEw YorRK BOTANICAL GARDEN

* No. 7 of this series appeared in the BryoLocist 19: 65-66. July, ro16.

144. L. gibbosa (Ach.) Nyl. One specimen, fertile.
Section: Eulecanora
145. L. subfusca (L.) Ach. Thirty-one specimens, all fertile.
146. L. subfusca var. distans (Ach.) Nyl. Seven specimens, all fertile.
147. L. coilocarpa Ach. Nine specimens, all fertile.
148. L. varia (Hoffm.) Ach. Nine fertile specimens.
149. L. varia var. saepincola (Ach.) Nyl. Six specimens, all fertile.
150. L. varia var. symmicta Ach. One specimen, fertile.
151. L. albella (Pers.) Ach. Twelve fertile specimens.
152. L. albella var. canortformis (Hoffm.) Herre. One fertile specimen.
153. L. Willeyt Tuck. One fertile specimen.
154. L. Hagent Ach. One specimen, fertile.
Section: Placodium
155. L. rubina (DC) Ach. Three fertile specimens.
156. L. muralis (Schreb.) Tuck. Four specimens, all fertile.

Genus: OCHROLECHIA
157. Ochrolechia pallescens (L.) Mass. Nine specimens, all fertile.
158. O.pallescens var. rosella (Tuck.) nov. comb. Nine specimens.
Genus: HAEMATOMMA
159. Haematomma elatinum (Ach.) Koerb. Two specimens.
Genus: ACAROSPORA
160. Acarospora fuscata (Schrad.) Arn. Two specimens, both fertile.
MIDDLESEX SCHOOL, CONCORD, MAss.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES
Noteworthy forthcoming articles will appear in early numbers of THE
Bryo.oaitst as follows:
‘The Genus Parmeliopsis of Nylander,’ by Dr. Lincoln W. Riddle.
“Tllustrated Key to the Western Ditrichaceae,”’ by Dr. T. C. Frye.

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings—To members only. Return postage should accompany the re-
quest.

Mrs. Horace C. Dunham, 206 Windsor Road, Waban, Mass.—Hylocomium

pyrenaicum (Spruce) Lindb., and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus (L.) Warnst.,

~ collected by Mrs. Dunham in Maine.

Mr. Roy Latham, Orient, N. Y.—Arthonia radiata (Pers.) Th. Fr; and
Parmelia rudecta Ach. }

Mr. Charles C. Plitt, 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.—Ramalina
Menziesit Tuck.

Dr. Wm. C. Wiegmann, 436 East 5th St., New York City.—Plagiothecium
latebricola (Wils.) B. & S., sterile, collected in New Jersey.

Mr. E. B. Chamberlain, 18 West 89th St., New York City.—Drepanocladus
scorpioides (L..) Warnst., sterile, collected in Connecticut by Dr. G. E. Nichols.

ee ™

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VOLUME XX NUMBER 4

Oa

THE BRYOLOG!

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.

GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, MS.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the ar ee
a BE

| 71917
4 CONTENTS:

Illustrated Key to Western Ditrichaceae | Pac rae 49
Preliminary List of Arizona Hepaticae Alexander W. Evans 60

Some Experiments on Germination of Moss Spores on Agar
Daisy J. Levy 62

Habitat of Cephalozia Francisci on Long Island, N. Y.

Roy Latham 63
Note on Buxbaumia indusiata Bridel Ralph S. Nanz 64
Miscellaneous Notes 64
68

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Copyright, 1917, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE May NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST wWaAs PuBLISHED MAy 29, 1917.
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THE BRYOLOGIST

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HEPATICS, AND LICHENS

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THE BRYOLOGIST “Senin

VoL. XX JULY, 1917 No. 4

ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE WESTERN DITRICHACEAE!
T. C. FRYE

KEY AND COMPARISON OF THE GENERA

Ia. Seta .4-1 mm. long, not projecting above the upper leaves; lid none; peristome
none; (2) leaves not 2-ranked; (3) teeth none; (4) leaves ovate or lanceolate
at base, subulate or mucronate at tip; capsule ovoid-apiculate, not stru-
mose, not grooved; (5) leaves not glaucous, not circinate nor secund.

1. PLEURIDIUM

Ib. Seta 5-40 mm. long, usually projecting above the upper leaves; lid present;
peristome of 16 often split or perforate teeth.

2a. Leaves 2-ranked; (3) teeth perforate to regularly bifid or trifid, the joints
not thickened; (4) leaves subulate from a broader base; capsule cylindric
- or ovoid, not strumose, not grooved; (5) leaves not glaucous, not cir-
cinaie nor secund. 2. SWARTZIA
2b. Leaves not 2-ranked.
3a. Teeth regularly bifid, the joints thickened.
4a. Leaves subulate; capsule narrowly cylindric, not strumose, not
grooved; (5) leaves not glaucous, circinate. 3. TRICHODON
4b. Leaves lanceolate or mucronate; capsule ovoid, strumose, grooved;
(5) leaves not glaucous, not circinate nor secund. 4. CERATODON
3b. Teeth irregularly split, slender, papillose, the joints not thickened;
(4) leaves lanceolate to subulate; capsule ovoid to cylindric, not
strumose, smooth or slightly grooved.
5a. Leaves glossy, often secund and subulate. 5. DITRICHUM
5b. Leaves glaucous with a waxy bloom, not secund. 6. SAELANIA

KEY TO THE GENERA, BASED ON VEGETATIVE PLANTS

A. Leaves glaucous with a white-filamentous or granular dorsal surface; cells
of leaf-apex quite long and narrow in the lower leaves. 6. SAELANIA
AA. Leaves not glaucous; cells of leaf-apex shorter for the width than in A.
B. Leaves lanceolate, not subulate, green but not glossy; cells of the leaf-
middle isodiametric. 4. CERATODON
BB. Leaves lanceolate-subulate or narrower; most species but not all with
cells of leaf-middle 2 or more times as long as wide.
C. Leaves 2-ranked; cells of the leaf-middle irregular. 2. SWARTZIA
CC. Leaves not 2-ranked.
D. Cells of the leaf-middle irregular or roundish or square. 5. DITRICHUM

1 Geographically this paper covers the region from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean
from Mexico to the Arctic Ocean. The aim has been to make useful what is already known, rather
than add to our knowledge of the group. The work of E. G. Britton in ‘‘ North American Flora’’
has been specially helpful.

The May number of THE BRYOLOGIST was published May 29, 1917.

DD. Cells of the leaf-middle 2 or more times as long as wide.
E. Cells of the leaf-base 5-8 times as long as wide; marginal cells of
leaf-apex mostly I-2 times as long as wide. 3. TRICHODON
EE. Cells of the leaf-base I-5 times as long as wide; marginal cells of
apex longer than in E.

F. Leaves 3-7 mm. long. _ 5. DITRICHUM SCHIMPERI
FF. Leaves I-3 mm. long.
G. Leaves abruptly narrowed. 5. DItTRICHUM HETEROMALLUM

GG. Leaves gradually narrowed.
H. Stems 2-5 mm. long; cross section of leaf-vein with 2 rows

of guide cells. 1. PLEURIDIUM
HH. Stems 10-20 mm. long; cross section of leaf-vein with 1
row of guide cells. 5. DITRICHUM

I. PLEURIDIUM

Plants in low dense cushions. Leaves not crispate when dry, entire or minutely
serrulate; vein filling most of the awn, usually rough. Calyptra cucullate. Seta
very short. Capsule immersed, ovoid; lid none; peristome none; spores brown,
rough.—(Gk. pleuridion = on one side; because the capsule occasionally appears
to arise laterally on the stem.)

Ia. Vein rough at tip only; paroicous; perichaetial leaves gradually subulate;

spore surface finely granular.
Pleuridium bolandevt? C. Miill—Wash. to Calif.

eee

8

PLaTE IV.—Pleuridium bolanderi
(1) Plants, X1. (2) Plants, X3. (3) Leaf, X32. (4) Leaf-tip, X400. (5) Cells
from leaf-base, X 409. (6) Cells from leaf-middle, 409. (7) Capsule; c, calyptra;
(after Cardot and Th‘riot) X about 13. (8) Spore, X 550.

Ib. Vein rough some distance down from the tip; autoicous; perichaetial
leaves abruptly subulate; spore surface densely papillose.

Pleuridium alternifolium Brid.—Calif.; Kan. and eastward in the U. S.

2 P. stramineum Lesy.; P. alternifolium howei R. & C.; P. bakeri C. & Th.

— Se

PLATE V.—Pleuridium alternifolium -
tpeimiant. <1..(2) Plant, X3.. (3) Spore, X550.. (4) Leaf, 32.
2. SWARTZIA (Cynodontium, Distichium)

Plants in dense matted tufts. Stem dichotomous, tomentose. Leaves in
2 ranks, not crowded; vein excurrent in the awn. Calyptra cucullate. Seta
pale yellow, long, slender, twisted. Capsule small; lid conic; peristome single,
divided to base; teeth 16, perforate or split. Spores rough.—(Honor of Olaf

Swartz, an 18th-century botanist.)
Ia. Leaves very rough at apex; capsule erect, cylindric,. about 3-4 times as

long as wide.
Swartzia montana® (Lam.) Lindb.—Arctic America to Wash. and
Ariz.; northeastern N. Amer.

PLATE VI.—Swartzia montana

(1) Plant, x1. (2) Leaf, x18. (3) Cross section of leaf-vein, x 400. (4)
| Portion of subula about its middle, X400. (5) Leaf-tip, «400. (6) Cells of leaf-
middle, x400. (7) Cells of leaf-base, x400. (8) Capsule, x22.

3 Distichium capillaceum B.S. G.

SS SD)

Ib. Leaves slightly rough at apex; capsule inclined, ovoid, about 2—2.5 times
as long as wide.
Swartzia inclinatat Hedw.—Calif.; Mont. to Utah and Colo.; north-
eastern N. Amer.

PLATE VII.—Swartzia inclinata
(i), Plant, <1: (2) Capsulei<22.

3. TRICHODON

Stem slender, 3-angled. Leaves not crowded, not 2-ranked, sheathing,
reflexed, awned, serrulate. Calyptra cucullate. Seta slender. Capsule nar-
rowly ovoid or cylindric, straight or slightly curved; lid conic-rostrate; peristome
single; teeth 16, slender, papillose, bifid almost to base, thick-jointed. Spores
smooth.—(Gk. thrix = hair; odous = a tooth; referring to the long, thin teeth
of the peristome.)

Ia. Seta 10-15 mm. long; capsule narrowly cylindric.
Trichodon tenutfolius®? (Schrad.) Lindb.—Yukon to Wash., Nev. and
Mont.
Ib. Seta 5—7 mm. long; capsule ovoid-cylindric.
Trichodon borealis WWms.—Known only from Dawson, Yukon.

4. CERATODON

Plants matted together with rhizoids, green, not glossy. Stem 3-5 angled.
Leaves small, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or subulate; cells isodiametric. Calyp-
tra cucullate. Seat purple or yellow, slender. Capsule exserted, small, some-
what sulcate when dry, abrupt at base, with goitre; lid conic-rostrate; peristome
single; teeth 16, split nearly to base, nodose. Spores small.—(Gk. keras =a
horn; odous = a tooth; the teeth of the peristome suggested the horns of a goat.)

1a. Leaf-vein usually not or hardly excurrent; seta purple; capsule from
inclined to horizontal, 2.5-3.5 times as long as wide exclusive of lid.
Ceratodon purpureus® (L.) Brid.—Cosmopolitan.
1b. Leaf-vein strongly excurrent; seta yellow or red; capsule usually erect,
about twice as long as wide exclusive of lid.
Ceratodon conicus' (Hampe) Lindb.—Alaska to Wash. and Idaho;
Minn.

4 Distichium inclinatum B. S. G.

5 Trichoslomum tenuifolium Schrad; Trichostomum cylindricum Hedw.; Trichodon cylindricus
Schimp.

°C. heterophyllus Kindb.; C. columbiae Kindb.

7 Trichostomum conicum Hampe; Ceratodon minor Aust.

PLATE VIII.—Trichodon tenuifolius
(1) Plant, x1. (2) Leaf, x18. (3) Leaf-tip, x400. (4) Cross section leaf-
vein, X400. (5) Cells of leaf-middle, X4o00. (6) Cells of leaf-base, x400. (7)
Capsule, x 22.

Dray Aye DOA ee
2 <COTIHOBION
PLATE ie “"Tachedon borealis

(1) Capsule, x50. (2) Part of base of lid, x270. (3) Portionof the peristome,
<270.—(After R. S. Williams.)

PLATE X.—Ceratodon purpureus

(1) Plant, x1. (2) Leaf, x44. (3) Leaf, x44 (4) Leaf-tip, «125. (5) Cells
of leaf-middle, X400. (6) Cells of leaf-base, X400. (7) Capsule; g, goitre, x18.
(8) A split tooth of the peristome, X125.

PLATE XI.—Ceratodon conicus
(1) Leaf, 1. (2) Leaf-tip, X125. (3) Capsule; g, goitre, X18.

5. Dirricuum (Leptotrichum)

Stem usually short, sparingly branched. Leaves not 2-ranked, lanceolate
or subulate, entire or serrulate. Cells at leaf-base rectangular, not enlarged
in basal angles; tip cells mostly narrow. Calyptra cucullate. Seta slender,
erect, twisted. Capsule erect, ovoid or cylindric; lid conic to rostrate; teeth 16,
split nearly to base, slender, nodose, smooth or papillose. Spores small.—(Gk.
di = 2; thrix = hair; because the teeth of the peristome are commonly split
into 2 hair-like parts.)

1a. Leaves 3~-7 mm. long, only the shorter remaining 3 mm.

2a.. Marginal 2°or more rows of cells at leaf-middle irregular; (3) leaf-margin
incurved, serrulate; (4) seta pale red, 3-3.5 cm. long; (5) stems up to

150 mm. long.
Ditrichum giganteum® Wms.—Yukon to Mont.; Mich., Minn.

PLATE XII.—Ditrichum giganteum

CiePlant,. <x about 1. (2) Leaf-tip, X about 350. (3) Perichaetial leaf, x
about 18. (4) Leaf, X about 22. (5) Cells of leaf-middle, X about 350.—(After

R. S. Williams.)
2b. Marginal 2 or more rows of cells at leaf-middle rectangular, 2-8 times
as long as wide; (3) leaf-margin incurved, entire to faintly serrulate;
(4) seta pale yellow, 1-2 cm. long; (5) stems up to 5 mm. long; spores
21-27 pw, in all our other species 14 yu or less.
Ditrichum schimperi’ (Lesq.) Paris—B.C. to Calif.

Ib. Leaves 1-3 mm. long, only the longer reaching 3 mm.
2a. Marginal 2 or more rows of cells at leaf-middle isodiametric or nearly

so, irregular; (3) leaf-margin incurved, entire or with a few teeth

8D. flexicaule longifolium Hag.
9 Leptotrichum Schimperi Lesq.

near the tip; (4) seta red below, paler above, I-2"cm. long; (5) stems
up to 100 mm. long.

Ditrichum flexicaule’® (Schwaegr.) Hampe—Alaska to B.C.; north-
eastern N. Amer.

2b. Marginal 2 or more rows of cells at leaf-middle square or nearly so,

not irregular; (3) leaf-margin incurved, serrulate above; (4) seta

pale yellow, 1.5-2.5 «m. long; (5) stems up to 10 mm. long.
Ditrichum montanum Leib.—Wash. and Idaho.

Lf

PLATE XIIJ.—Ditrichum Schimperi

(1) Leaf, X22. (2) Leaf, X22. (3) Leaf, X22. (4) Cells of leaf-base, <' 400.
(5) Cells of leaf-middle, X400. (6) Leaf-tip, X400. (7) Capsule, X18.

2c. Marginal 2 or more rows of cells at leaf-middle rectangular and about
2-4 times as long as wide. uaa .

3a. Leaves not revolute, almost entire, abruptly narrowed; (4) seta dark ~~
red, I-2.5 cm. long; (5) stems up to 10 cm. long.

10 Trichostomum flexicaule B. & S.; Distichium macounii Miill.; Leptotrichum flexicaule brevi-

folium Kindb.; Ditrichum brevifolium Paris; Ditrichum flexicaule brevifolium Barnes; Ditrichum
elatum Kindb.

7

PLATE XIV.—Ditrichum flexicaule
(my ieeat, <22. (2) Perichaetial leaf, X22. (3) Leaf, X22. . (4) Cells of leaf-
base, X400. (5) Cells of leaf-middle, 400. (6) Leaf-tip, X32. (7) Leaf-tip,
x 400.

PLATE XV.—Ditrichum montanum

(iu inlbeat, 22. (2) Leaf-tip, X32. (3) Leaf-tip,.x400. (4) Cells of leaf-
middle, X400. (5) Capsule, x18.

Ditrichum heteromallum™ (Hedw.) E. G. B.—Alaska to Oreg.; N. H.
3b. Leaves somewhat revolute, gradually narrowed; (4) seta red, 1-2
cm. long; (5) stems up to 10-20 mm. long.

ie :
ee Se
gwen wes
De

PLATE XVI.—Ditrichum heteromallum

(1) Leef, X22. (2) Leaf-tip, X400. (3) Leaf-tip, X32. (4) Cells cf tear-
middle, 400.
4a. Peristome-teeth bifid to base, not connate nor perforate; leaf-tip
wide; basal marginal leaf-cells short.
Ditrichum ambiguum Best—Wash. and Oreg.
4b. Peristome-teeth not bifid to base, more or less connate or perforate;
leaf-tip narrow; basal marginal leaf-cells long.
Ditrichum pusillum'? (Hedw.) Timm.—Wash., Calif.; eastern N.
Amer.

PLATE XVII.—Ditrichum ambiguum
(1) Leaf-tip, X32. (2) Leaf, X22. (3) Plant, X1. (4) Cellster leat-inicates
400. (5) Cells of leaf-base, X400. (6) Leaf-tip, 400. (7) A split tooth of
the peristome, X125. (8) Capsule, X18.

11 Ditrichum homomallum Hampe; Trichostomum heteromallum Lindb.
2 Leptotrichum pusillum Hampe; Ditrichum tortile Miill.;Leptobarbula berica Mac.

ee eet PAE 2

PLATE XVIII.—Ditrichum pusillum

(1) Leaf-tip, X32. (2) Leaf, X22. (3) Cells of leaf-base, X400. (4) Cells
of leaf-middle, X400. (5) Leaf-tip, x400. (6) Capsule, x18.

(7) Capsule,
x18. (8) Tooth of peristome, 125.

ul

PLATE XI X.—Saelania glaucescens

Mp etwdamt, <x 0.5) (2)) Leaf, <22).-(3) Capsule, X18. (4) Leaf, X22. (5) Leaf-

tip, 400. (6) Cells of leaf-middle, x400. (7) Cells of leaf-base, x 400.

=——16@) ——

6. SAELANIA

Stems bluntly triangular in cross section. Leaves linear-lanceolate, serrate,
glaucous, with white-filamentous or granular dorsal surface; vein extending to
apex. Calyptra cucullate. Seta erect. Capsule exserted, ovoid-cylindric,
erect, smooth or slightly furrowed when dry; lid conic; annulus single; peristome-
teeth 16, split, nodose, papillose. Spore small, papillose.—(Honor of Saelan,
a Scandinavian bryologist.) We have only the following species.

Saelania glaucescens'? (Hedw.) Broth.—Alaska to B.C.; northern
N. Amer. .

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, SEATTLE

PRELIMINARY LIST OF ARIZONA HEPATICAE!
ALEXANDER W. EVANS

Very few species of Hepaticae have been reported from Arizona. The
first records for the state were made in 1895 by Underwood,” who noted the
occurrence of Marchantia polymorpha and Reboulia hemisphaerica, without citing
definite stations. Four additional species have since been reported by the writer,
as follows: Plagiochasma rupestre and P. Wrightit, in 1915;° Frullania mexicana,
also in 1915;4and Marchantia paleacea, in 1917.° Of these six species, Marchantia
paleacea, although not endemic to Arizona, is known from no other stations in
the United States.

The following list is based largely on the collections made by G. E. Nichols,
while participating in the International Phytogeographic Excursion in America.
This has been supplemented by the material in the herbarium of the New York
Botanical Garden and by specimens kindly communicated by W. A. Cannon,
D. S. Johnson, F. Shreve, and J. J. Thornber. Although future collections will
undoubtedly lengthen the list appreciably, it is hardly to be expected that many
conspicuous species remain to be discovered.

I. RicciA GLAUCA L. Bear Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, 1913,
G. E. Nichols.

2. RICCIA SOROCARPA Bisch. Cherry Creek, Santa Catalina Mountains,
1913, G. E. Nichols; summit of Mt. Lemmon, Santa Catalina Mountains, F.
Shreve.

3. RICCIELLA FLUITANS (L.) A. Br. Soldier Canyon, Santa Catalina Moun-
tains, 1913, G. EL. Nichols; Sabino Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, F. Shreve.
, 4. TARGIONIA HYPOPHYLLA L. Bright Angel Trail, bottom of Grand Can-
yon, 1913, G. E. Nichols; Sabino Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, J. J, Thorn-
ber; Miller Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, F. Shreve.

13 Saelania caesia Lindb.; Ditrichum glaucescens Hampe.
1 Contribution from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory.
2 Bot. Gaz. 20: 60, 70. 1895.

3 Bull. Torrey Club 42: 270, 2095. 1915.

4 BRYOLOGIST 18: 88. I9I5.

5 Trans. Connecticut Acad. 21: 254. 1917.

== (50 =

5. PLAGIOCHASMA RUPESTRE (Forst.) Steph. Without definite locality or
date, H. H. Rusby; Soldier Canyon, Santa Catalina oun 1913, W. A.
Cannon; same locality, G. E. Nichols.

6. PLAGIOCHASMA WRIGHTII Sulliv. Nogales, 1902, DT. MacDougal.

7. GRIMALDIA CALIFORNICA Gottsche. Cottonwood Springs and Soldier
Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, 1913, G. LE. Nichols; Bear Canyon and Sabino
Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, F. Shreve. The specimens are all sterile,
so that their determination must be considered provisional.

8. REBOULIA HEMISPHAERICA (L.) Raddi. Willow Spring, 1890, E. Palmer
535; Huachuca Mountains, J. G. Lemmon 210; L. N. Goodding 752; Soldiers
. Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, G. E. Nichols; Sabino Canyon, Santa Cata-
lina Mountains, J. J. Thornber; same locality, F. Shreve; Clearson’s Mill, Graham
Mountains, F. Shreve.

g. ASTERELLA CALIFORNICA (Hampe) Underw. Bright Angel Trail, botton
of Grand Canyon, 1913, G. E. Nichols. The specimens seem to be dioicous,
but the absence of carpocephala makes their determination doubtful.

10. CONOCEPHALUM CONICUM (L.) Dumort. Frye Canyon, Graham Moun-
rep coo F. Shreve.

. MARCHANTIA PALEACEA Hertel, Huachuca Mountains, 1910, L. N.
eine 824.

12. MARCHANTIA POLYMORPHA L. Miller’s Canyon and Wickersheim’s
Cabin, Huachuca Mountains, 1909, L. N. Goodding r11, 362.

13. FOSSOMBRONIA LONGISETA Aust. Cherry Creek, Santa Catalina Moun-
tains, 1913, G. E. Nichols.

14. PLAGIOCHILA ASPLENIOIDES (L.) Dumort. North side of Mt. Lemmon,
Santa Catalina Mountains, 1912, D. S. Johnson.

I5. CEPHALOZIELLA HAMPEANA (Nees) Schiffn. Cottonwood Springs,
Santa Catalina Mountains, 1913, G. E. Nichols.

16. CEPHALOZIELLA MYRIANTHA (Lindb.) Schiffn. Bear Canyon, Santa
Catalina Mountains, 1913, G. E. Nichols.

17. CEPHALOZIELLA PAPILLOSA Douin. Bear Canyon, Santa Catalina
Mountains, 1913, G. E. Nichols.

18. SCAPANIA UNDULATA (L.) Dumort. Marshall Gulch, Santa Catalina
Mountains, 1912, D. S. Johnson.
19. RADULA COMPLANATA (oe Dumort. Bear “Ganyon,. Santa ‘Catalina
Mountains, 1913, G. E. Nichols.

20. FRULLANIA MEXICANA Lindenb. North side of Mt. Lemmon, Santa
Catalina Mountains, 1912, D. S. Johnson.

21. ANTHOCEROS LAEVIS L. Xero-montane Garden and Sabino Canyon,
Santa Catalina Mountains, 1914, F. Shreve.

Of the species listed Nos. I-12 belong to che Marchantiales, Nos. 13-20 to
the leafy Jungermanniales, and No. 21 to the’ Anthocerotales. The large pro-
portion of thalloid forms is an interesting feature of the flora and indicates its
strongly xerophilous character. Many of these forms are able to pass through
long periods of drought in a quiescent state and then to recover and resume their

62) —

growth when conditions become more favorable. In some cases the dry plants
are so inconspicuous that it is almost impossible to detect them. In discussing
the hepatic flora of western California, Campbell® calls attention to many inter-
esting peculiarities of xerophilous species, and his remarks would apply equally
well to the hepatic flora of Arizona.

The state of Arizona is bounded by Mexico, California, Nevada, Utah,
and New Mexico, while its northeastern corner meets the southwestern corner
of Colorado. The Hepaticae of Nevada and Utah are almost unknown, so that
it is impossible to make profitable comparison between the hepatic floras of these
states and that of Arizona. The Hepaticae of California, however, are known
to us through the thorough and comprehensive work of Howe,’ who recognizes
eighty-six species, inclusive of the Anthocerotes. For Colorado the writer® has
listed forty-one species, while Standley’ has reported twelve species from New
Mexico. The Hepaticae of Mexico were long ago described by Gottsche,*® and
only scattered 1eferences to them have since been published. Perhaps four
hundred species would be a conservative estimate for the entire country. Of.
the twenty-one species listed fiom Arizona, fifteen have been recorded from
California, nine f1om Colorado, five from New Mexico, and twelve from Mexico.
These figures would indicate a close relationship between the species of Arizona
and those of California and Mexico. The number of Arizona species known
from New Mexico is surprisingly small and would probably be increased by
careful exploration. A closer relationship between the species of these two
states is certainly to be expected.

SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL, YALE UNIVERSITY.

SOME EXPERIMENTS ON THE GERMINATION OF MOSS SPORES ON
AGAR

Daisy J. LEvy

In November, 1915, I collected Pogonatum brevicaule. This moss is quite
common on freshly turned clay banks. It is characterized by a persistent pro-
tenema, the leaves being few and short. It fruits in the autumn.

The material was kept in clay dishes in the greenhouse of Columbia Uni-
versity. In April, I sowed spores of these plants in petrie dishes in which I had
prepared a Bejerink agar culture.

6 Torreya 4: 81-86. 1904.

7 The Hepaticae and Anthocerotes of California. Mem. Torrey Club 7: 1-208. pl. 88-122.
1899.

8 Preliminary list of Colorado Hepaticae. BryoLocist 18: 44-47. 19015.

9 Hepaticae of New Mexico. BryYoLocist 18: 81-83. 1915. Additional notes upon New
Mexican Hepaticae. BryoLocist 19: 64, 65. 1916.

10 De mexikanske Levermasser. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. V. Naturv. og Math.
Afd. 63 97-380. pl. 1-20. 1863.

Distilled awaven vie rte se hae. Sys ts ula tact 5007 cc,
PAMITILO MET TCLACC. ce Tite 6 ee! a lotic ol des 125 Mion.
HOUASsUUiMPNOSPWAtey we. eh hong a ce es aE *
NMigemesiinm Sil platens ose os gs ste ov owe he va .
Gale rome nl Onde y315 ek wees oe. et. oe a os HORA ae
DRPROSE NBA eS, nN ee eR as ees ilk Soe erie bls ba aoe LOO
Trace of ferrous sulphate

JANGES 6 ce oe ali Oe ca ate Se Cia rag a i ie 7 ms.

The cultures were placed under bell jars in a north window and were exam-
ined almost daily. The spores continued to look green and healthy. After a
few days, probably through faulty sterilization or because of the dextrose, bac-
teria destroyed six out of ten plates. About four weeks later, the spores in the
good plates showed signs of swelling which is the first indication of spore germina-
tion. This was followed by a hyaline appearance at one end of the spore which
became egg-shaped because of the protruding germ tube through the ruptured
spore coat.

Protenemal growth took place rapidly, the protenema being filamentous
alga-like in appearance. Transverse cross walls were cut off, the plate soon
becoming filled with this branching growth. In none of my cultures did I ob-
serve any oblique septa, which are indicative of rhizoid formation. The growth
was entirely apical, the lateral branches being formed behind septa.

The buds were formed on the lateral branches. Walls intersecting each
other cut off portions of the ends of the filaments until a pear-shaped structure
resulted with cell division in three dimensions. From these buds the leafy
branch will originate.

I made sections and then triple-stained portions of the cultures in order
to preserve the facts stated above:

I. Spores before germination.

2. Spores in the egg-shaped stage, showing the hyaline spot.

3. Germ tube in the one- and two-celled stage.

4. Buds in several stages.

403 WEST II5TH ST., NEW York CITY.

HABITAT OF CEPHALOZIA FRANCISCI ON LONG ISLAND, N. Y.

Roy LATHAM

Fifteen miles west from the eastern extremity of the north prong of Long
Island is located Horton’s Point, just north of the village of Southold. This is a
sandy beach, one to two hundred yards in latitude, extending two miles along
the coast of Long Island Sound. Inclosed on east and south by wooded hills
and shifting sand-dunes, on the west cut off by an inlet from the Sound.

For a short distance back from the flood tide margin the beach is high and
dry and vegetated with Cladonia rangiferina, Panicum amarum, Prunus mari-
tama, Hudsonia tomentosa, Crysopsis, and clumps of shrub oak, Quercus stellata.

South of this drier section the surface dips for about two-thirds the length,
forming a narrow trough of sandy bog, covered with a various growth, including
Pinus rigida and Vacciniaceae, offering continuous shade. Here is the habitat
of Cephalozia Francisci growing mostly on small plots of barren sands, forming
beautiful dark-green mats from a few inches to ten feet in diameter. In one
spot where a slight gully transverses the depression, the plant follows the shady
western edge for fifty feet.

Growing contiguously and abundantly is Cephalozia macrostachya and more
rarely C. fluitans. Riccardia pinguis and Fossombronia foveolata occupy more
rush-grown localities in the region.

The Musci are meagrely represented by Leucobryum glaucum, Sphagnum
inundatum and S. subsecundum.

ORIENT, NEW YORK

NOTE ON BUXBAUMIA INDUSIATA BRIDEL
RALPH S. NANZ

Dr. Grout’s note in the May number of THE Bryo.oaistT indicates the wide
range of Buxbaumia indusiata Brid., in spite of its rarity. This species of Bux-
baumia has been found twice within the past year in the vicinity of Ithaca, N. Y.
On September 7, 1916, Dr. Andrews and I found the moss on a decayed stump,
probably hemlock, in a very moist woods near the McLean bogs, about fifteen
miles northeast of Ithaca. The capsules, four in number, were immature and
green in color. On April 9, 1917, Prof. K. M. Wiegand and Mr. F. B. Wann
discovered it in Coy Glen Ravine, two miles south of Ithaca. Ten mature cap-
sules were found on a log, growing together with Lophocolea heterophylla (Schrad.)
Dum. The specimens collected agree in appearance with Dr. Grout’s photo-
graphs. The mature capsules are light brown in color, in contrast to the deep
red brown of B. aphylla. The two very opposite types of situation are worth
noting; in the one case a swampy woods, and in the other a rocky ravine.

CORNELL UNIVERSITY, ITHACA, NEW YORK

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

A Record to be Envied.—Under date of January 29, 1917, Dr. John Macoun
writes from Sidney, B. C., as follows:

‘“‘T take quite an interset in the BRYOLOGIST and am still collecting. Think
of it! I sent my first mosses to Sullivant in 1861. The first new species I found
was Leptodon nitidus, named by him from my specimens. _

“Since then I have found nearly one thousand of all kinds, from trees to
seaweeds, and I am at it yet.’’

Four-lobed spore mother cells in Catharinaea.—Most students of the
mosses, hepatics, and lichens are interested primarily in the collection and identi-
fication of the various species of these plants, or in studying their distribution

and general life-habits. A limited number of botanists have confined their
studies, or at least have devoted much time, to the investigation of the micro-
scopic internal structure of these plants (anatomy), the more minute structure
of the cells themselves (cytology), or the study of the embryo (embryology). <A
recent contribution by Allen! in the American Journal of Botany relates to the
four-lobed form taken by the cells in the capsule of Catharinaea. It will be
recalled by our readers that the cells in the capsules of the mosses and hepatics
which give rise directly to spores are termed ‘“‘spore mother cells,’’ and that such
cells always normally give rise to four spores often termed tetraspores. The
formation of tetraspores has been for a long time a subject of great interest in
that certain structures in the nucleus of the cells of the capsule, and indeed of
the whole sporophyte, known as chromosomes, are twice as many in each nucleus
as in the nuclei of the gametophyte. The number of these chromosomes is
doubled whenever the egg-cell is fertilized by the sperm and the number is not
again reduced until the four tetraspores are formed in the spore mother cells of
the capsule. This division of the material in the spore mother cells to form
tetraspores is for this reason known as the “reduction division.”

Allen reports that from living immature capsules of Catharinaea collected
in southern Wisconsin in August, 1915, he pressed out the spore mother cells and
found them to be strongly four-lobed. This lobing is, as he notes, almost uni-
versal in the Jungermanniales but further notes: ‘‘That is, I think, the first
observed case of the occurrence of four-lobed spore mother cells in a bryophyte
not a member of the Jungermanniales. It remains to be seen to what extent
this character appears among the Bryales.’”’ Here is a good chance for our
readers to contribute something new to science. When you find nearly mature
capsules press out the contents and examine under the microscope, then record
carefully the results and contribute your notes to the BRYOLOGIST.

Another interesting point noted by Allen was that there is a plastid in each
lobe of the spore mother cell and that the early division of a single plastid into
four has been known for some time to occur in Anthoceros,? and also, to judge
from the work of Sapehin? and Melin,‘ it is of common occurrence among the
Musci.

Allen reports that “‘There are rather striking differences in size between the
spore mother cells of plants collected in different localities, although the mother
cells borne in a single capsule differ little in size, and, so far as my observations
have gene, there is no great variaticn in this respect as between different plants
growing in the same clump. Along with these differences in size of the spore
mother cells between plants of different localities go other well-marked differ-
ences in such characters as size of plant, size of leaf, number of lamellae on the

1 Allen, Charles E. Four-lobed Spore Mother Cells in Catharinea. Amer. Journ. Botany 3:
456-460. Oct., 1916.

? Davis, B. M. The Spore-mother-cell of Anthoceros. Bot. Gaz. 28: 89-109. 1800.

8 Sapehin, A.A. Ueber das Verhalten der Plastiden im sporogenen Gewebe. Bericht. Deutsch
Bot. Ges. 29: 491-496. 1o1T.

4Melin, E. Die Sporogenese von Sphagnum squarrosum Pers. Nebst einigen Bemerkungen
iiber das Antheridium von Sphagnum acutifolium Ehrh. Svensk Bot. Tidsk. 9: 261-203. IoIS.

upper surfaces of the leaves, and number of spines on the lower surfaces. While
doubtless some of these characters are influenced by external conditions, it seems
not unlikely that the plants in question may represent distinct races, all of which,
however, seem to fall within the limits of C. angustata Brid., as at present defined;
although since this species intergrades with C. undulata Web. & Mohr, it is pos-
sible that some of the forms observed should be referred to the latter species.”’
OLE Ar

Hermann Edward Hasse—Lichenist.—Dr. Bruce Fink® has contributed
tc the September, 1916, number of Mycologia an excellent brief account of the
life and botanical activities of our late lamented Curator of Lichens. Dr. Fink
speaks of him as ‘‘the man whe has added, it seems, the largest number of lichens
to our North American flora, through his own collecting, since the days of Tuck-
erman.’’ About twenty-five years of his collecting in southern California added
about seventy-five new species, the earlier ones being named mainly by Stizen-
berger, Nylander, or Zahlbruckner, the later ones mainly by Hasse himself.
Fink notes that Mr. John I. Kane presented to the New York Botanical Garden,
in 1906, about 3000 species and many duplicates from Hasse’s herbarium. Re-
cently a large collection of lichens was purchased from Mrs. Hasse for the Cryp-
togamic Herbarium at Harvard University, this collection probably comprising
the specimens used in the preparation of Hasse’s Lichen Flora of Southern Cali-
fornia. Our readers will recall also that our present Curator of Lichens, Mr.
Plitt, is busily working over a large collection of duplicates from the lichen her-
barium given to the Sullivant Moss Society by Mrs. Hasse and numbering sev-
eral thousands of specimens, and that sets of these lichens from the Lichen Her-
barium of the Society are now being issued to subscribers. Dr. Fink’s article
includes a list of thirty-two published papers on lichens written by Dr. Hasse.
This biography and the one written by Plitt,® for the BRyoLocist together con-
stitute a valuable record of the life and work of one of America’s foremost lichen- -
ists.

OE:

The Vegetation of Connecticut.—In a former number of the BryoLocistT’
attention has been called to numbers I-IV of Nichols’s ‘‘The Vegetation of Con-
necticut.”” Number V is entitled ‘‘ Plant Societies along Rivers and Streams’’®
and the author considers in considerable detail the changes in vegetation that
occur as a valley passes through the stages from youth to old age.

The Rock Ravine is first considered and, under the heading of “‘The Bryo-
phytic Flora of Rock Ravines”’ lists are given:

(a) The hydrophytic species appearing on the rocky sides and bottom of
the stream and on spray-dashed rocks at waterfalls: Chiloscyphus rivularts,

5 Fink, Bruce. Hermann Edward Hasse—Lichenist. Mycologia 8: 243-248. fept., 1916.

6 Plitt, Charles C. Dr. Hermann Edward Hasse. BryoLocist 19: 30-33. March, 1016.

7 BryoLocist 19: 49-50. May, 1016.

8 Nichols, George E. The Vegetation of Connecticut. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 43: 235-264.
May, 1916.

Scapania undulata, Porella pinnata, Fontinalis dalecarlica, F. gigantea, F. Les-
curii, Oxyrrhynchium rusciforme, Amblystegium fluviatile, A. irriguum, Hygro-
hypnum dilatatum, H. eugyrium, and H. ochraceum.

(6) On periodically inundated rock surfaces: Fissidens incurvus, Grimmia
apocarpa, Racomitrium aciculare, and Brachythectum plumosum.

(c) Along with “‘bd” but usually on springy banks, or on continuously moist
rock surfaces, where they may or may not be submerged during floods: Cono-
cephalum contcum, Pellia epiphylla, Plagiochila asplenioides, Lophocolea bidentata,
Jubula pennsylvanica, Anthoceros laevis, Fissidens adiantoides, Mnium hornum,
M. punctatum, Philonotis fontana, Thutdium delicatulum, Brachytheceum rivulare,
Climacium americanum, and Catharinaea undulata.

(d) Wet or moist overhanging cliffs and precipitous cliffs higher up: Mar-
supella emarginata, Plagiochtta asplentoides, Scapania nemorosa, Radula com-
planata, Lejeunea cavijolia, Hymenostylium curvirostre, Didymodon rubellus,
Anoectangium Mougeotii, Plagiopus Oederi, Plagiothecium denticulatum, Hylo-
comium brevtrostre, and Thamnium allegheniense.

(g) On crevices or rock faces of drier cliffs: Metzgeria conjugata, Cephalozi-
ella Hampeana, Porella platyphylloidea, Leucolejeunea clypeata, Frullania Asa-
grayana, Rhabdoweisia denticulata, Grimmia conferta, Ulota americana, Bartramia
pomtformis, Hedwigia albicans, Neckera pennata, Haplohymenium triste, Anomodon
attenuatus, and A. rostratus.

Nichols notes that ‘‘Owing to their frequently intimate association with
rock surfaces, no group of plants, with the possible exception of the lichens, is
better qualified to cemonstrate the influence of the chemical composition of the
substratum on vezetation than the bryophytes.’”’ He notes that in Connecticut
this influence is largely that of calcareous as against potassic rocks and gives in
that connection the following lists:

Species favoring calcareous rocks (mostly on marble, some on trap): Grim-
aldia fragrans, Preissia quadrata, Pellia Fabroniana, Lophoza badensis, Lophocoleu
minor, Cololejeunea Biddlecomiae, Frullanta riparia, Saelania glaucescens, Fissi-
dens cristatus, Cratoneuron filicinum, Hymenostylium curvirostre, Tortella tortuosa,
Encalypta contorta, Mnium orthorrhynchum, Plagiopus Oedert, Myurella julacea,
Amblystegiella confervoides, and Amblystegium noterophilum.

Mostly restricted to potassic rocks (i. e. ‘“‘lime-avoiding’’): Marsupella
emarginata, Sphenolobus exsectus, Scapania nemorosa, S. undulata, Radula obconica,
Andreaea petrophila, A. Rothiw, Rhabdowetsta denticulata, Dicranum fulvum,
Glyphomttrium incurvum, Racomitrium actculare, Ulota americana, Pterigynan-
drum filuforme, Brachytheccum plumosum, Sematophyllum carolintanum, Hygro-
hypnum dilatatum, and H. eugyrium.

Farther on in the article Nichols discusses the boreal aspect of the vegeta-
tion in rock ravines, noting that locally rare Canadian plants such as Lophozta
alpestris, L. attenuata, Gymnostomum rupestre, and Polytrichum alpinum have
been collected only in rock ravines. Further he notes that of the bryophytic
flora in the forests of these ravines ‘“‘the mossy carpet of Bazzania trilobata,
Hylocomium splendens, Ptilium Crista-castrensts, and Hypnum Schrebert which
frequently covers the forest floor—likewise is strongly suggestive of the north.”’

In comparison with the bryophytic flora of the ravines in the Pittsburgh
region® the reviewer is forcibly struck by the lack cof correspondence in the char-
acteristic mosses of the two regions, very few of the mosses emphasized by
Nichols being important, or even present at all, in the sandstone and shale ravines
of the Pittsburgh region. While no experts on the hepatics have worked in the
Pittsburgh ravines, it can probably be definitely stated that there is here no
such hepatic vegetation as is listed by Nichols for Connecticut, his lists of char-
acteristic species being about two-fifths hepatics. His description ef the boreal
carpet recalls very vividly to the writer the bryophytic carpet in the spruce for-
ests on the islands of northwestern Lake Superior and the islands and surround-
ing hills of the Lake Nipigon rezion in northwestern Ontario.

OST.

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings—To members only. Return postage should accompany the request.

Mr. Roy Latham, Orient, N. Y.—Bzatora rubella (Ehrh.) Rabenh., and
Physcia obscura (Ehrh.) Nyl. var. endochrysea Nyl.

Mr. C. C. Plitt, 3933 Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.—Cetraria islandica
(L.) Ach., collected in Maryland.

Mr. Severin Rapp, Sanford, Florida.—Calicitum trachylinum Ach., and
Ricciella Sullivantu (Aust.) Evans.

Mrs. Frank E. Lowe, 24 Brattle St., Worcester, Mass.—Grimmuia leucophaea
Grev., from Oklahoma.

9 Jennings, O. E. Systematic and Ecological Notes on the Mosses of Western Pennsylvania.
BrYOLOGIST 18: 83-93. Nov. 1915.

CLUBBING OFFER

The following rates are made in connection with Dr. Grout for a year’s
subscription to the Bryologist, or for membership in the Sullivant Moss
Society, if remittance is made at one time, in advance.

Moss Flora of N.Y, City and Bryologist, $2.10; with membership, $2.35,

Mosses with Handlens, Ed. ii, and Bryologist, $2.75; with membership, $3.00.

Mosses with Handlens and Microscope and Bryologist, $7.50; with mem-
bership, $7 74.

All remittances and communications should go to
EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN - - 18 WEsT 89TH ST., NEW YORK

THE HASSE LICHENS

The first fascicle of the second century. Nos. 101-125, of the
Hasse Lichen Exsiccati, now being issued by the Sullivant Moss
Society, will be ready in September. Only one set of Century I
remains. Those wishing a complete representation must speak
quickly. Address either

MR. PLITT OR MR. CHAMBERLAIN

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VOLUME XX NUMBER 5

: —. SEPTEMBER, 1917 —<-

THE BRYOLOG

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by ~_AT
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors

ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.

GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M.S.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CONTENTS

The Genus Parmeliopsis of Nylander Lincoln W. Riddle

Preliminary Notes Upon the Lichens of Whatcom County,
Washington A. C. Herre

Notes on North American Sphagnum:

Exchange Department

“Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879.
Copyright, 1917, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE JULY NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST wWaAs PUBLISHED AUGUST 15, 1917.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER. PA.

ope
Y iL Z
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THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS, AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
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BRYOLOGIST VOL. XX, PLATE XX

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XX

(Photographed natural size from specimens in the writer’s herbarium)

Fig. 1. Parmeliopsis placorodia (Ach.) Nyl.

Fig. 2. Parmeliopsis aleurites (Ach.) Nyl.

Fig. 3. Parmeliopsis aleurites var. diffusa (Ach.) Riddle.
Fig. 4. Parmeliopsis ambigua (Wulf.) Nyl.

Fig. 5. Parmeliopsis diffusa (Weber) Riddle.

PLE BRAYOLOGLES |!

VoL. XX SEPTEMBER, I9QI7 No. 5

THE GENUS PARMELIOPSIS OF NYLANDER!
LINCOLN W. RIDDLE

(With Plate XX)

The writer’s interest in the group of lichens to be discussed in this paper
was first aroused by collecting from an old fence in Needham, Massachusetts,
a small, gray, foliose lichen, densely covered with isidia, and suggesting Parmelia
rudecta Ach., but lacking the white punctations of that species. In subsequent
collecting the lichen was found to grow also on the bark of pines, and proved
to be common in Massachusetts, although apparently not much collected. A
comparison with material in the Tuckerman Herbarium showed that the plant
was what he had called Cetrarza aleurttes (Ach.) Th. Fr. But when the European
authorities were consulted, it was found that there was much confusion in their
interpretation of the Lichen aleurites of Acharius. Visits to the leading European
herbaria in 1912-1913, including the original herbarium of Acharius now in the
Botanical Museum at Helsingfors, gave an opportunity to study first hand the
problem of Lichen aleurites and its allies.

These lichens have been known by American students under the names
used in Tuckerman’s ‘‘Synopsis of North American Lichens”’: Cetraria aleurites,
Cetraria aleurites var. placorodia, Parmelia ambigua, and Parmelia ambigua var.
albescens. ‘Tuckerman thus considered two of these to be varieties of the other
two, but most authors hold the view that there are four distinct species, and as
will be shown later there are actually five recognizable forms. A glance at the
synonymy cited below under the species aleurites will show how various have
been the ideas in regard to the affinites of this plant. Furthermore, although
Tuckerman and others have distributed these lichens between two genera, they
are closely related, this close relationship leading to the confusion which has
existed in regard to the names.

For this group of species, Nylander in 1861 (Lichenographia Scandinaviae,
p. 105) proposed the name Parmeliopsis as a section of the genus Parmelia. Five
years later (Lichenes Lapponiae Orientalis in Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn.
Forh. n. s. 5: 121) he established Parmeliopsis as a genus with Lichen ambiguus
Wulfen as the type-species; and he continued this treatment of the group in
the part of the second volume of his Synopsis Lichenum (page 53) published
in 1888.?

1Read at the December, 1916, meeting of the Sullivant Moss Society, New York City.

‘This part of the Synopsis Lichenum bore no date. The date of publication as given by
various authors varies considerably. I am adopting the date given by the Abbé Hue, who should
certainly have been in a position to know. :

The July number of the BRYOLOGIST was published August 15, I917.

The genus is distinguished from Parmelia by a purely technical character.
In the spermagonia of Parmelia,
the spermatia are borne laterally
from joints of the sterigmata

(“‘fulkren endobasidial”’ of Zahl-
bruckner, see text-figure 2) while
in Parmeliopsis the spermatia :
are terminal only (‘‘fulkren exo-
basidial,”’ see text-figure 1). This :
distinction would be of doubtful 5

an ape:

generic value if it were not for

the fact that these species ob-

viously form a natural group, Sterigmata and spermatia of Parmeliopsis (fig. 1) and
not conveniently classified with of Parmelia (fig. 2). Semi-diagrammatic.

either Parmelia or Cetraria. It is an advantage, therefore, to have a name to
designate the group, and Zahlbruckner (Engler and Prantl: Die Natiirlichen
Pflanzenfamilien, Teil I, Abteilung I,* p. 209, 1905) has accepted Nylander’s
name and conception of the group.

The generic name to be used is, however, of less importance than the question
of the specific names. But before discussing the nomenclature it will be well
to have in mind the distinctive characters of the plants that are to be considered.
There are four species, all foliose, and more or less closely appressed to the fence-
rails, or to the bark of conifers upon which they grow:

A. A lichen with gray upper side, whitish under side, radiating lobes, and en-
tirely free from isidia or soredia (Plate XX, fig. 1).

B. A lichen with gray upper side, whitish under side, occurring in two forms:
the typical form with radiate lobes and dense isidia (Plate XX, fig. 2), and |
a variety with irregular lobes and scattered isidia (Plate XX, fig. 3).

C. A lichen with gray, often dirty-looking, upper side, and dark (castaneous
to black) under side, with radiate lobes and powdery white soredia (Plate
XOX ig. 5).

D. A lichen with straw-colored or sulphury upper side, dark (castaneous to
black) under side, more or less radiate lobes, and soredia which are sulphury
to distinctly yellow (Plate XX, fig. 4).

' To give some idea of the confusion that exists, it may be pointed out that
the name placorodia has been applied to forms A and B, the name aleurites to
forms B and C, the name diffusa to forms B, C, and D. The isidiose plant, B,
has been called placorodia, aleurites, diffusa, and obsessa!

The writer has adopted the names used in this paper after a careful study
of all the types in the herbarium of Acharius. After repeated attempts to obtain
information in regard to Weber’s type of diffusa from the curator of the her-
barium at Goettingen, without receiving any reply, it has been necessary to
depend upon Weber’s original description. This is, however, a long and detailed
description, and as will be shown can apply to one of these plants only.

mee A oe

Most of the perplexity in the nomenclature of the species of Parmeliopsis
has arisen through the confusion of the isidiose plant ‘‘B,’’ with the sorediate
plant ‘‘C” and through the confusion of the names aleurites and diffusa. It
will, therefore, be convenient to discuss the two together. In trying to clear
up the confusion, it is necessary to keep in mind that species ‘B”’ is isidiose
above and pale beneath, while species ‘‘C”’ is sorediate above and dark brown
to black beneath. The confusion between the two seems to have originated
with Acharius himself in the use of the word ‘‘farinosus”’ (mealy) in his original
description of Lichen aleurttes (Lichenographiae Prodromus, p. 117) and his
subsequent use of the word ‘‘pulverulentus’”’ (powdery) in the description of
Parmelia aleurites in the Synopsis Lichenum (page 208), these terms evidently
applying to plant “‘C.”’ But in both descriptions the plant is said to be “‘subtus
cinerascens’”’ (ashy beneath), which could apply only to plant ‘‘B.’’ Nothing
is said in Acharius’ descriptions about isidia, although he uses the term ‘‘coral-
loideus”’ in describing the comparable isidiose species, Parmelia rudecta. When
we turn to the plates cited by Acharius, we find the same confusion existing.
The figures in Hoffmann’s Enumeratio Lichenum (Pl. 10, fig. 2. 1784.) and in
Dickson’s Fasciculus Plantarum Cryptogamicarum Brittaniae (Fasc. 3, t. 9,
fig. 6. 1793.) are too poor to show which plant is intended. In Hoffmann’s
Plantae Lichenosae (7. 65, fig. 2. 1801.) the figure represents what is here re-
ferred to as plant “‘A,’’ while the text describes our plant ‘‘C.”’ In the English
Botany (T. 858. 1801.) the figure represents clearly an isidiose plant, but the
text describes a sorediate plant.

The question could be settled only by examining the Acharian types. This
the writer has done. The type of Lichen aleurites consists of six specimens
mounted together on one sheet. Five of the specimens (four from Sweden and
one from Germany) are all alike and are the radiate, densely isidiose plant, ‘‘B’’!
The sixth specimen is the stramineous, sorediate plant ‘“‘D,’’ and as Acharius
invariably refers to his species as cinereous, the presence of this plant on the
sheet must have been a slip. There can be no doubt, then, that the name aleu-
rites Ach. should be used for the isidiose plant, ‘‘B.”’

In the application of the name diffusus Weber, it would seem as if there
could be little doubt, although the synonymy cited below would indicate that
there has been plenty of confusion. Weber’s original description (Spicil. Flor.
Goett., p. 250. 1778.) is unusually full and states: ‘‘In centro pulverulentus
est . . color superne ex glauco albescens, inferne afer.’”’ This certainly can
not apply to a plant that is isidiose above and whitish to ashy beneath. Neither
can it be applied, as Theodore Fries has done (in Lichenes Arctoi, p. 60, and in
Lichenographia Scandinavica, p. 131) to a plant that he describes as ‘‘totus
ochroleucus.’” The name diffusus Web. must be used for the gray sorediate
plant with dark under side that is here discussed as ‘‘C.”

Nylander in addition to misapplying the name aleurites to the sorediate
plant, has applied the name placorodia Ach. to the isidiose plant.’ Acharius’
original description (Synopsis Lichenum, p. 196. 1814.) applies exactly to the
species here called ‘A,’ and does not mention isidia or soredia. The type-

specimen came from North America, being sent to Acharius by Muhlenburg.
It is the plant distributed under the name placorodia by Tuckerman in his Li-

chenes Americae Septentrionalis Exsiccati No. 71. Nylander’s use of the name

for the isidiose plant is, therefore, incorrect and should not be continued.

With few exceptions authors have correctly applied the name ambiguus
Wulfen. The original description (in Jacquin’s Collectanea Botanica 4: 239.
1790.) states that the plant is “‘flavo-virescens . . tuberculis concoloribus
farinaceis’”’ and the accompanying plate (T. 4, fig. 2.) shows the plant here re-
ferred to as “D.”

There remain to be considered three other names that have been connected
with the species under discussion. These are aleurites var. diffusa, hyperopta,
and obsessa, all of Acharius (see synonymy given below for bibliographical ref-
erences). The type of Parmelia aleurites var. diffusa Ach. is made up of three
specimens, one from Sweden, one from Germany (collected by Schreber), and
one from France (collected by Dufour), all essentially the same, and closely
related to aleuriies but smaller, with the lobes more irregular, and the isidia finer
and more scattered. The writer has collected material of this variety in Sweden,
not far from Stockholm and, therefore, in the region in which Acharius lived.
It is not uncommon in New England, and appears to be a form due to less favor-
able conditions in the habitat. It is, however, clearly recognizable and should
be retained as a valid variety. The type-specimen of Parmelia hyperopta Ach.
from Switzerland is in poor condition but represents the species already named
Lichen diffusus by Weber. Parmelia obsessa Ach. (not Montagne, which is a
Physcia) is represented by a specimen collected by Muhlenburg in North Amer-
ica. It is closest to aleurites, being copiously isidiose, but the under side is dark.
It may best be regarded as an aberrant form of Parmeliopsis aleurttes.

It will be convenient to sum up this discussion by giving a key to the North
American representatives of the genus Parmeliopsis, with the diagnoses and
synonymy of the species.

A. Thallus without isidia or soredia. 1. placorodia
AA. Thallus with either isidia or soredia.
B. Thallus with isidia.
C. Lobes regularly radiate and isidia densely crowded. - 2. aleurites
CC. Lobes more or less irregular and isidia fine and scattered.
2a. aleurties var. diffusa
BB. Thallus with soredia.
C. Thallus yellowish with sulphury soredia. 3. ambigua
CC. Thallus gray, with whitish soredia. _ 4. diffusa

Note that all the species have the same habitat, namely, old fence-rails,
and the bark of conifers, especially of Pinus rigida.

I. PARMELIOPSIS PLACORODIA (Ach.) Nyl.
Parmelia Ach. Syn. Lich. 196. 1814.
Parmeliopsis Nyl. Flora 52: 445. 1869. as to nomenclature but not as
to characters or plant!

Brie ne *

Cetrarta aleurites var. placorodia Tuck. Syn. N. A. Lich. 1: 32. 1882.

Thallus orbicular, 1.5-3 cm. in diameter, thicker, more ascendant, and
less closely adherent than in the other species; whitish to cinereous above, smooth
at the circumference, rugose toward the center; never isidiose or sorediate; be-
neath whitish, with a few pale rhizoids; lobes I-2 mm. wide, more or less regu-
larly radiate, the tips sinuate-pinnatifid. Upper cortex 15-25u thick, loosely
and irregularly pseudoparenchymatous with thick-walled cells, 10-12 in out-
side diameter, the lumina 3-6u in diameter; lower cortex 15-30u thick, well-
developed, compact, and chondroid, the divisions between the cell-walls not
visible, the lumina 2—4y or rarely up to 64 in diameter. Apothecia usually num-
erous, elevated, I-8 mm., mostly 3 mm., in diameter; disk fulvous to badious,?
flat or concave; thalline margin crenate, thin, often involute. Spores broadly
ellipsoid, 5-9X3.5u. Spermagonia frequent, occurring in the form of conspic-
uous, shining black tubercles.

Specimens examined from: Massachusetts (8 towns), Rhode Island, New Jersey,
Maryland, District of Columbia.

Exsiccati: Tuckerman’s Lich. Amer. Sept. No. 71. Decades N. A. L. No. 280.
Lich. Bor. Am. No. 210. Merrill’s Lich. Exs. No. 144.

Parmeliopsis placorodia differs from the other species of the genus in the
absence of isidia and soredia. From all species of Parmelia it can be distinguished
by the whitish, sparingly fibrillose, under side; from Cetraria by the color com-
bined with the relatively narrow, radiate lobes.

2. PARMELIOPSIS ALEURITES (Ach.) Nyl.
Lichen Ach. Lich. Prodr. 117. 1798.
Parmeliopsis Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. Forh. n. s. 5: 121.
1866. as to nomenclature but not as to characters or plant!
Cevarta aleurites Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. 109. 1871. Tuck. Syn. N. A. L.
ieee. 1882.
Parmeliopsis placorodia Nyl. according to specimens in the Mus. d’Hist.
Nat. Paris!
Plaiysma diffusum Nyl. Flora 55: 247. 1872. Crombie Brit. Lich. 1:
_ 222, 1894, according to specimens in the British Museum! Not Lichen
diffusus Weber.
Parmelia obsessa Ach. Syn. Lich. 213. 1814. according to type-specimen
in the Botanical Museum, Helsingfors. Not Parmelia obsessa Mont.
Thallus orbicular, mostly 2-4 cm. in diameter, closely adherent to the sub-
stratum, whitish to cinereous or even fuscescent above, smooth at the circum-
ference, otherwise densely covered with closely packed isidia; in old specimens
the center becoming cracked, rimose-areolate and subcrustose, the isidia some-
times appearing white from abrasion, but the plant never sorediate; beneath
whitish and rugose, with a few pale rhizoids. Lobes and anatomical structure
as in P. placorodia. Apothecia rare, when present sometimes reaching 6 mm.
in diameter, but usually 2-3 mm.; disk badious, concave; thalline margin crenate,

3 According to color-chart in Saccardo’s Chromotaxia.

lobulate, or tuberculate. Spores as in P. placorodia. Spermagonia rare, when
present similar to those of P. placorodia.
Specimens examined from: New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts (8 towns),
Connecticut, Pennsylvania.*
The strongly isidiose thallus, with radiate lobes, and pale under side, is
the distinguishing character of this species. There is no species of Cetraria

that could possibly be confused with it. The whitish under side should easily

separate it from all species of Parmelia, with the possible exception of Parmelia
rudecta Ach. from which it differs in the smaller thallus, the narrower lobes, and
the absence of white punctations.

2a. Parmeliopsis aleurites var. diffusa (Ach.) Riddle comb. nov.
Parmelia Ach. Lich. Univ. 485. 1810. not Lichen diffusus Web.

Agreeing with the typical form of the species in color, but the lobing irreg-
ular, and partly imbricate, and the isidia finer, fewer, and more scattered.
Habitat as in the species, but commoner on the bark of conifers. ;
Specimens examined from: New Brunswick, New Hampshire, Massachusetts

(2 towns), New Jersey, Maryland, South Carolina, Georgia.

According to the Vienna Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Article 53),
the names aleurites var. diffusa Ach. and diffusa Weber may both be retained
in the genus Parmeliopsis since they designate groups of different rank. P.
aleurites var. diffusa is always isidiose, never sorediate; while P. diffusa is never
isidiose, always sorediate.

3. PARMELIOPSIS AMBIGUA (Wulf.) Nyl.

Lichen Wulfen in Jacquin Coll. Bot. 4: 239, ¢. 4, fig. 2. 1790.

Parmeliopsis Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. Forh. n. s. 5: 121. 1866.

Squamaria Hoffm. Pl. Lich. t. 40, figs. 3-4. 1794. good figure!

Parmelia ambigua Ach. Meth. Lich. 207. 1803. Tuck, Syn. N. A. L. 1:
66. 1882.

Parmelia diffusa Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. 60. 1860. Lich. Scand. 131. 1871.
Not Lichen diffusus Weber.

Thallus orbicular, usually 1-2 cm. in diameter, occasionally up to 5 cm.,
closely adherent to the substratum, from ochroleucous to distinctly yellow above,
smooth toward the circumference, becoming rimulose and broken at the center,
more or less covered with an effused mass of sulphury or yellowish, powdery
soredia, or, in other cases, the soredia occurring in scattered, subpedicellate
soralia, never isidiose; beneath castaneous to black, with scattered black rhi-
zoids; lobes 1-2 mm. wide, more or less regularly radiate, and more deeply cleft
and more discrete than is usual in the two preceding species. Upper cortex
as in P. placorodia; lower cortex compact and chondroid, well-developed but

4 It seems to the writer that this species must be more widely distributed than the stations
cited would indicate. He would be glad to receive specimens of any species of Parmeliopsis from
any localities not listed in this paper. Through the kindness of Prof. Bruce Fink, the writer
has examined the specimens upon which was based the record of Parmelia aleurites in the Lichens
of Minnesota (Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 14: 197. 1910). They prove to belong to Parmelia auru-
lenta Tuck., and are, therefore, not to be included in the present group.

apy:

thin, 12-15u in thickness, with minute lumina, about 2u in diameter. Apothecia

rare, I-3 mm. in diameter; disk badious or darker, flat becoming convex; thalline

margin subentire, or crenulate, becoming thin. Spores oblong, straight or curved,

10-12 X2-3u. Spermagonia minute, immersed in the thallus, and indicated by

a darkened spot on the surface.

Specimens examined from: Alaska, Northwest Territory, British Columbia,
Alberta, Greenland, Newfoundland, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
Massachusetts, New Jersey, Virginia, South Carolina, Alabama, Michi-
gan, Wyoming, Colorado.

Exsiccati: Decades N. A. Lich. no. 108. Macoun Canad. Lich. no. 239 in part.

The color will distinguish this from any other species of the present genus.

Sorediate species of Cetraria with similar coloration have the soredia confined

to the margins. The only species of Parmelia that has comparable characters

grows on rocks.

4. Parmeliopsis diffusa (Weber) Riddle comb. nov.

' Lichen Weber Spicil. Flor. Goett. 250. 1778.

Parmeliopsis aleurites Nyl. according to specimens in Mus. d’Hist. Nat.
Paris! Not Parmelia aleurites Ach.

Parmelia hyperopta Ach. Syn. Lich. 208. 1814. Th. Fries Lich. Scand.
120, 1871, according to type-specimen!

Parmeliopsis hyperopta Arnold Flora 62: 329. 1879. Wainio Medd.
Soc. F. et Fl. Fenn. 6: 127. 1883. Zahlbr. in Engler & Prantl: Nattir-
liche Pflanzenfamilien, Teil I, Abteilung I,* p. 209. 1905.

Parmelia ambigua var. albescens (Wahl.) Schaer. Enum. Lich. Europ. 47.
Fo500 buck. Syn. N. A. L. 1: 66. 1882.

Thallus suborbicular, 1.5-3 cm. in diameter, closely adherent to the sub-
stratum, whitish to cinereous or subfuscescent above, smooth and even nitid
toward the circumference, rimulose and becoming broken at the center, with
more or less elevated balls of soredia, which are typically white, sometimes dirty-
cinereous, scattered or densely packed toward the center, rarely becoming an
effused, powdery mass (this condition less common than in P. ambigua) never
isidiose. Remaining characters as in P. ambigua.

Specimens examined from: Alberta, Ontario, Labrador, Maine, New Hamp-
shire, Washington.
Exsiccati: Decades N. A. L. no. 109. Macoun Canad. Lich. no. 239 in part.

In spite of the undeniably close relationship of this species with the pre-
ceding, it would seem logical to consider it a valid species rather than a variety,
since the difference between ochroleucous and cinereous coloration is recognized
to be of constant specific value in both Cetraria and Parmelia. The whitish
soredia will distinguish Parmeliopsis diffusa from any other species of the genus,
and also from any American species of Cetraria. It is much smaller than most
species of Parmelia. It might possibly be confused with depauperate and ad-
herent specimens of Parmelia physodes, which grows on the same substrata and
is often sorediate, but in that species the soredia are always confined to the tips
of the lobes. From sterile specimens of such sorediate Physcias as Ph. crispa

and integrata var. sorediosa, apart from the difference in distribution, the anatomy
of the thallus and the darker coloration of the under side would serve as a dis-
tinction. .

WELLESLEY COLLEGE,
WELLESLEY, MASSACHUSETTS

PRELIMINARY NOTES ON THE LICHENS OF WHATCOM COUNTY,
WASHINGTON?

A. C. HERRE

Whatcom County occupies the northern one of the northwest corners of
the United States, as the state of Washington has what one might well call two
northwest corners. This is due to the folding of the international boundary
which turns southward from the 4oth parallel to the strait of Juan de Fuca and
then westerly to the Pacific. The county, which has a length of about 90 miles
with a north and south breadth of 25 miles, has an area of 2226 square miles.

Excluding Lummi Island which lies just off the southwest corner of the
county and which attains a height of about 1800 feet, the county is all on the
mainland. It divides naturally into two physiographic provinces; the western
fourth is largely a forest covered plain, consisting of the valleys of the Nooksack
and Sumas rivers and the rolling uplands between them and southward, much
of it less than 100 feet above sea level. It is bounded on the west by the Gulf
of Georgia and Puget Sound; the remaining portion of the county lying to the
eastward of this region of little elevation is covered by the Cascades. The plain
is crossed from east to west by the Nooksack river and its tributaries but in
the main the original topography has been greatly altered by glacial action and
deposits which destroyed the old drainage, leaving many gravelly eskers, kames,
ponds, sphagnum swamps, cranberry marshes, and peat bogs. The western fourth
of the county contains all the cleared land and practically all the population.

The eastern three-fourths is a wild and little visited region of exceedingly
rugged mountains which form a maze of irregular ranges. The main divide
of the Cascades here has an elevation of between 6000 and 7000 feet and is clad
in perpetual snow. Several peaks range from 8000 to 9000 feet in altitude while
the mountains culminate in Mt. Baker, a huge volcano 10,780 feet in height.
Mt. Baker and Mt. Shuksan have many large glaciers on their flanks, while a
few hundred feet below the dome-like summit of Mt. Baker, at the so-called
crater, is a vent from which come sulfurous gases and vapor.

Excluding the arctic realm of the higher mountains, and the alpine meadows
more or less common above 5000 feet, the entire region was originally covered
by the typical dense coniferous forest of the Puget Sound Valley. The prin-
cipal lumber trees were and still are Pseudotsuga mucronata and Thuya plicaia,
though the giant trees reaching a height of from 200 to 300 feet have practically

1Presented at the December, 1916, meeting of the Sullivant Moss Society, New York City.

= Ri atl _ cot umeia

es Soo, ~h
oe

Jere :
Eve aa ate at ae
x

Fic. 1—Sketch-map of the western portion of Whatcom County, Washington.

disappeared from the inhabited district. The above often originally formed
nearly pure stands over large areas but mixed with them occur more or less fre-
quently Tsuga heterophylla, Altes grandis, and Picea sitchensis. Now and then
in a bog is found a patch of Pinus contorta. In the higher mountains are exten-
sive forests of Tsuga mertensiana, and still higher are four species of Abies, Taxus
brevifolia, and Chamaecyparis nootkatensis. Pinus monticola is occasional at
all altitudes.

Intermingled with the conifers are patches of greater or lesser extent, espe-
cially on low ground, of various deciduous trees. Alnus oregana is the most
abundant of these; Betula occidentalis, Acer macrophyllum, Acer circinatum,
Prunus emarginata erecta, Populus trichocarpa, Pyrus diversifolia, Pyrus sttchensis,
Rhamnus purshiana, Salix lasiandra Lyallu, and Salix scoulertana are practically
all the trees of any importance.

Weather records kept at Bellingham for a number of years past show a mean
annual precipitation of about 31.5 inches. Back a few miles from salt water
the rainfall is two or three inches less, with much greater extremes of both heat
and cold. At my home twelve miles from Bellingham the thermometer has
dropped to 8 degrees below zero, Fahr., and has risen to over 90 degrees above.
The rainfall is mostly distributed through the winter and spring months; in
the summer the precipitation is scanty or even altogether absent for several
months, but throughout the year there is a good deal of foggy or cloudy weather.
The western portion of Whatcom County lies in the rainshadow of the Olympics
and the mountains on Vancouver Island, hence the relatively light precipitation.
As one ascends the Cascades the rainfall rapidly increases, so that at a height

of a few thousand feet it rises to 80 or 90 inches, or even more. The average
annual snowfall in the western portion is 10 inches, but every few winters there
may be three or four feet of snow on the level, while every winter in the higher
mountains it falls to a depth of 20 or 30 feet.

In this rainy mountain belt lichens grow to a greater size and are much
more evident than elsewhere. From about 1000 to 3000 feet the Lobaria pul-
monaria formation is dominant; Cetraria glauca, Cetraria lacunosa stenophylla,
Sphaerophorus globosus, and several Usneas of only moderate size form the chief
secondary elements of this formation.

For the next two thousand feet Lobaria oregana is the principal lichen,
absolutely covering the basal portions of the trunks of the hemlocks which here
compose most of the forest.

Just below the timber line the Alectorta formation becomes notably con-
spicuous, the chief elements in it being Alectoria jubata tmplexa, Alectoria sar-
mentosa, Usnea plicata, and Nephromopsis platyphylla.

Above the snow line earth lichens are abundant on the patches of soil exposed,
and rock lichens occur on some of the rocks which for the most part are bare.
Their occurrence, so far as yet known to me, will be noted in the list following.

In the lowland forested region earth lichens are comparatively rare, while
rock lichens are altogether absent except on an occasional erratic glacial boulder.
Several species of Peltigera are common on earth but hardly abundant enough
or sufficiently confined to earth to be named as a separate formation, unless it
might be Peltigera aphthosa. The original botanical features of this region are
very rapidly vanishing; not only has the primeval forest practically disappeared,
but the logged off lands are rapidly becoming altered through the combined influ-
ences of the annual increase in the area of cleared land, and the ravages of great
fires which sweep over many square miles nearly every year. But for many
years the eastern portion of the county will furnish to the adventurous and hardy,
able to pick a way through the pathless wilderness and carry necessary supplies,
a glimpse into the virgin wilderness. -

It is quite evident that lichens have never been so prominent an ecological
factor here as in some other regions, as for instance the Santa Cruz Peninsula,
California. Mosses and liverworts are here so conspicuous that they make our
lichens quite insignificant. There are here none of the enormous expanded
Parmelias and other foliaceous forms, or dense masses of greatly elongated Usneas.
and Ramalinas, so characteristic of the Californian coastal woods. Lichens.
there are in plenty, and the Parmelia saxatilis formation is really quite marked
on the small limbs of various trees, but the lowland lichens are not flaunted to.
the breeze or markedly evident. One must hunt for them. My first impres-
sions of the lichen flora in the Puget Sound forest were painfully disappointing.

I have had very little opportunity to do any botanical work since coming
to Washington, and though I have collected at every opportunity much of my
material is as yet unworked. I have observed the lichens over most of the low-
land, have made one trip into the mountains immediately bordering the low-
land, and thrice have ascended Mt. Baker. It is to be regretted that I have

been unable to visit the ranges lying further eastward where one may confidently
expect a considerable increase to the tentative list of 124 names herewith ap-
pended:

VERRUCARIA NIGRESCENS Pers. Rare; on Sumas Mt. at 2500 feet. Speci-
mens not typical, spores 914-10 by 1614—22uy.

VERRUCARIA PULVERULENTA Ach. Occurring with Graphis scripia on bark
in the lowlands.

CALYCIUM HYPERELLUM Ach. Abundant on the trunks of Pseudotsuga
mucronata, along the upper portions, 50 feet and more from the ground.

’ CALYCIUM POLYPORAEUM Nyl. Ona Polyporus, Sumas Mt., at 2000 feet.

CYPHELIUM INQUINANS (Sm.) Trevis. . Abundant on lower portion of trunks
of large specimens of Pseudotsuga mucronata; throughout the lowlands; spores
smaller than I find them elsewhere, 8 by 11-13.5u. Also occurring on old cedar
rails and posts.

SPHAEROPHORUS GLOBOSUS (Huds.) Herre. Abundant on tree trunks;
slopes of Mt. Baker, 1000 to 4000 feet.

ARTHONIA RADIATA (Pers.) Th. Fr. Common on trees in the lowlands.

ARTHONIA RADIATA var. SWARTZIANA (Ach.) Willey. On bark of Acer
circinatum. ;

OPEGRAPHA VARIA Pers. Very abundant on the trunks of large specimens
of Populus trichocarpa along the Nooksack river, and also on Acer macrophyllum
in the forested lowlands.

GRAPHIS SCRIPTA (L.) Ach. Very common on various smooth barked trees.

GRAPHIS SCRIPTA PULVERULENTA Ach., and other varieties also occur.

THELOTREMA LEPADINUM Ach. On alder, Sumas Mt., at 1600 feet.

LECIDEA SANGUINEO-ATRA (Wulf.) Ach. On Pseudotsuga mucronata.

LECIDEA RUBIFORMIS Wahlenb. On earth and rocks; Mt. Baker, at 6000
feet. Spores small, 4 by 6 5—Su.

LECIDEA CONTIGUA Fr. On Mt. Baker above the snow line; specimens not
typical; spores sub-globose, ovoid ellipsoid, and ellipsoid, 7%-12'% by 12-20n.

LECIDEA TESSELLATA Flk. On rocks, Mt. Baker; poorly developed.

LECIDEA ARCTICA Sommerf. On dead moss, Mt. Baker, 6000 to 7000 feet.
Spores 8 by 13-16u, with conspicuous oil drops.

LECIDEA RIVULOSA Ach. Mt. Baker above snow line; occurring on dead
moss, in very tiny patches mixed with other lichens.

LECIDEA PARASEMA Ach. Common on various trees in the lowland.

LECIDEA ANTHRACOPHILA Nyl. The late Dr. Hasse and myself both placed
this specimen here though the spores are short for the species. On a charred
stump at 2000 feet elevation, Sumas Mt.

MEGALOSPORA SANGUINARIUS (L.) Th. Fr. Occasional on bark of Douglas
spruce in the lowlands.

BACIDIA ALBESCENS (Anzi) Zwackh. On the shaded side of Sambucus
and on Douglas spruce; spores 1.4—2.7 by 38—44u.

BACIDIA FUSCO-RUBELLA (Hoffm.) Arn. On Sumas Mt.; spores 2.5-3 by

47-72B.

— 80 —

RHIZOCARPON PETRAEUM (Wulf.) A. Zahlbr. Hardly agreeing with typical
form but not belonging elsewhere. Sumas Mt., at 2500 feet.

RHIZOCARPON GEMINATUM (Elot.) Koerber. With R. geographicum; spores
13-22 by 21-40.

RHIZOCARPON GEOGRAPHICUM (L.) DC. At 5500 feet and above on Mt.
Baker.

BAEOMYCES BYSSOIDES (L.) Schwer. Common on old stumps, logs, and
on earth, in the wooded lowlands.

STEREOCAULON PASCHALE var. CONGLOMERATUM Fries. Not rare on the
slopes of Mt. Baker, especially above the snow line. We may have two or more
species but the material is too depauperate to place with certainty.

THAMNOLIA VERMICULARIS (Sw.) Ach. Abundant on exposed patches of
soil amid the snow fields of Mt. Baker at 6000 feet and above.

CLADONIA RANGIFERINA (L.) Web. Rare; on Mt. Baker, 4500 feet.

CLADONIA SYLVATICA (L.) Hoffm. Rare; Mt. Baker, at about 5000 feet.

CLADONIA BELLIDIFLORA (Ach.) Schaer. On rocks, Mt. Baker, 4500 feet.

CLADONIA MACILENTA Hoffm. Occasional on rotten logs and stumps through-
out, at least to an elevation of 4000 feet.

CLADONIA BACILLARIS (Del.) Nyl. On rotten logs in the lowlands and
foothills.

CLADONIA CRISTATELLA Tuck. On Mt. Baker at 5000 feet.

CLADONIA VERTICILLATA Hoffm. var. EvoLUTA Th. Fr. On rotten logs
in the foothills.

CLADONIA SQUAMOSA (Scop.) Hoffm. On rotten logs in lowland and foot-
hills.

CLADONIA GRACILIS DILACERATA Floerke. This, and several other varieties,
occur on mossy logs in the forested lowlands.

CLADONIA PYXIDATA (L.) Fr. Common in the lowlands on mossy logs and
stumps.

CLADONIA FURCATA RACEMOSA Floerke. On Lummi Island and probably
throughout the mainland of the county.

While we have a number of species of Cladonia they are not specially con-
spicuous. The above list will be readily added to when they are further collected.

PILOPHORON CEREOLUS HALLII Tuck. Common on rocks, especially among
mosses on the under side of overhanging ledges; Sumas Mt., 2500 feet, and Mt.
Baker at 4500 feet. j

PILOPHORON CEREOLUS ACICULARIS (Ach.) Tuck. Common on Mt. Baker
at from 4000 to 5000 feet.

The Gyrophora group is not particularly well developed or represented here
in my collections as yet. All my trips on Mt. Baker have been on the north or
northwest side and I have no doubt that further investigation on the southward
slopes will reveal a number of other species as well as a more abundant growth
of the species here indicated. The five here listed are all from Mt. Baker at
6000 feet (the glacier line on the northwest) and above.

GYROPHORA CYLINDRICA (L.) Ach.

— 8I —

GYROPHORA RETICULATA (Schaer.) Th. Fr.

GYROPHORA HYPERBOREA (Hoffm.) Ach.

GYROPHORA RUGIFERA (Nyl.) Th. Fr.

GYROPHORA EROSA (Web.) Ach.

A stranger would naturally anticipate a large development of the Colle-
maceous lichens but they are few and far between in all the localities thus far
visited. But one species of Collema has thus far been determined with certainty
and three of Leptogium, while at no place are they abundant.

COLLEMA NIGRESCENS (Leers) Wainio. Among mosses on trunks of Acer
macrophyllum.

COLLEMA sp. Material small, sterile; growing among mosses near the
snow line on Mt. Baker.

LEPTOGIUM TENUISSIMUM (Sm.) Koerber. On Selaginella sp., at 1600 feet
on Sumas Mt.

LEPTOGIUM PALMATUM (Huds.) Mont. On earth at 2000 feet; Sumas Mt.

LEPTOGIUM PULCHELLUM (Ach.) Nyl. Among mosses on the trunks of
Acer macrophyllum, probably throughout the lowlands, but rare everywhere;
determination somewhat doubtful, material submitted to Dr. Fink, and Dr.
Hasse, was not recognized by them and it does not agree with any material seen
by me or descriptions read but evidently belongs under the type of pulchellum.

LEPTOGIUM TREMELLOIDES (L.) Gray. A minute specimen of this was found
growing with Parmeliella microphylla, on rocks on Sumas Mt.; spores 8-10 by
18—27u.

HEPPIA VIRESCENS (Despr.) Nyl. 7000 feet and above, Mt. Baker, on dead
mosses.

MASSALONGIA CARNOSA (Dicks.) Koerber. Same locality as, and mixed
with, Heppia virescens.

PARMELIELLA MICROPHYLLA (Sw.) Miill. Arg. Among mosses on rocks;
slopes of Mt. Baker and Sumas Mt., and undoubtedly common everywhere in
the mountains.

_PARMELIELLA CYANOLEPRA (Tuck.) Herre. Sterile; Sumas Mt. at 1800
feet.

PARMELIELLA LEPIDIOTA (Sommerf.) Herre (?). A sterile lichen occurring
on Mt. Baker and Sumas Mt. is with little doubt this species.

LOBARIA PULMONARIA (L.) Hoffm. On various trees but not common,
throughout the lowlands; very abundant in the rainy forest belt on the slopes
of Mt. Baker between 1000 and 3000 feet.

LOBARIA OREGANA (Tuck.) Herre. Very abundant on trunks of hemlocks
on Mt. Baker from 3000 to 5000 feet elevation.

STICTA ANTHRASPIS Ach. Rare; near Glacier at about 1000 feet elevation;
specimens small and sterile.

NEPHROMA HELVETICA Ach. On Acer circinatum, Glacier, elevation 950
feet.

SOLORINA CROCEA (L.) Ach. Abundant and very finely developed on earth
amid the Mt. Baker snow fields at 7000 feet and above.

—

PELTIGERA APHTHOSA (L.) Hoffm. On earth, stumps, and rotting logs;
common at all altitudes up to 8000 feet.

PELTIGERA VENOSA (L.) Hoffm. Not rare on mossy earth at lower ele-
vations.

PELTIGERA POLYDACTYLA (Neck.) Hoffm. On the slopes of Mt. Baker.

PELTIGERA CANINA (L.) Hoffm. Common everywhere on earth, logs, and
stumps.

PELTIGERA CANINA MEMBRANACEA (Ach.) Nyl. Abundant and finely devel-
oped in the lowlands and lower slopes of the mountains.

PELTIGERA CANINA SPURIA (Ach.) Tuck. A few specimens obtained from
Mt. Baker.

PERTUSARIA AMARA (Ach.) Nyl. On trunks of trees in the lowlands.

PERTUSARIA MULTIPUNCTA (Turn.) Nyl. On trunks of birch.

PERTUSARIA PERTUSA (L.) Nyl. On various barks in the lowlands.

PERTUSARIA LEIOPLACA (Ach.) Schaer. On bark of both species of maple,
in the lowlands.

PERTUSARIA PUSTULATA (Ach.) Nyl. (?) The apothecia of this lichen yield
me no spores, but it is nearest this species.

LECANORA GELIDA (L.) Ach. Abundant in the mountains at 2000 feet
and upward wherever there are rock exposures; occasional in the lowlands on
erratic glacial boulders.

LECANORA PACIFICA Tuck. Abundant on bark of various deciduous trees
in the lowlands.

LECANORA SUBFUSCA (L.) Ach. Common in same localities as above; sev-
eral varieties occur.

LECANORA COILOCARPA (Ach.) Nyl. On Acer macrophyllum, in lowlands.

LECANORA HAGENI Ach. On bark in lowlands and very finely developed
on rocks, Mt. Sumas, at 2500 feet.

LECANORA VARIA (Ehrh.) Ach. On bark of various deciduous trees, in
lowlands.

LECANORA POLYTROPA Ny!. What I take to be this occurs on the thallus
of other lichens; locality Mt. Baker, above 6000 feet.

LECANORA FRUSTULOSA (Dicks.) Ach. Rare; Mt. Baker.

LECANORA ALPINA Sommerf. Rare; small patches among Rhizocarpon
geographicum; Mt. Baker, above snow line.

LECANORA GIBBOSA (Ach.) Nyl. Specimens scanty and very dark, resem-
bling sea-coast aberrant forms from the Santa Cruz Peninsula; on Sumas Mt.,
at 2500 feet.

ICMADOPHILA ERICETORUM (L.) A. Zahlbr. On old logs and stumps, in
the lowlands.

OCHROLECHIA TARTAREA (L.) Mass. Common throughout the forested
regions. :

LECANIA DIMERA (Nyl.) Oliv. Occasional on smooth barks in the lowlands.

CANDELARIELLA CERINELLA (Flk.) A. Zahlbr. On rocks with other lichens;
Mt. Baker, 6000 feet altitude; also on Sumas Mt. at 2500 feet.

PARMELIA PERLATA (L.) Ach. A poorly developed, sterile lichen which
I take to be this species is occasional on fences, roofs, and limbs of trees.

PARMELIA SAXATILIS (L.) Ach. Commonest of all our foliaceous lichens,
on all sorts of trees and often absolutely covering branches and twigs of deciduous
native and cultivated trees. The individual thalli are small and sterile as a
rule, but not rare in fruit on Lummi Island.

PARMELIA FULIGINOSA (E. Fr.) Nyl. Common on various barks but small
and poorly developed.

PARMELIA PUBESCENS (L.) Wainio. Common and fertile on rocks at the
snow line and above on Mt. Baker.

PARMELIA PHYSODES (L-) Ach. Common on bark and old fences.

PARMELIA ENTEROMORPHA Ach. On dead and living trees of all sorts through-
out the forested regions and on old fences. Some of our material has a very
close resemblance to Parmelia lugubris.

CETRARIA GLAUCA (L.) Ach. On mossy logs and trees throughout.

CETRARIA LACUNOSA STENOPHYLLA Tuck. Common in the forests of Mt.
Baker.

CETRARIA TUCKERMANI Herre. Abundant on trees inthe Mt. Baker forest.

CETRARIA CHLOROPHYLLA (Humb.) Wainio. On twigs and old fences in
the lowlands.

CETRARIA ISLANDICA (L ) Ach. On Mt. Baker from a little below the snow
line upward.

NEPHROMOPSIS CILIARIS (Ach.) Hue. On various conifers in the moun-
tains and on birch bark in the lowlands.

NEPHROMOPSIS PLATYPHYLLA (Tuck.) Herre. Abundant on bark of Abzes
sp., on Mt. Baker at 6000 feet.

EVERNIA PRUNASTRI (L.) Ach. Common on trees and fences in the low-
lands.

LETHARIA VULPINA (L.) Wainio. Common enough on bark of Douglas
spruce, but small, poorly developed, and sterile. Thus far I have seen nothing
corresponding to the luxuriant growth so conspicuous in the high Sierras of Cali-
fornia.

ALECTORIA JUBATA IMPLEXA (Hoffm.) Ach. On various trees/ living and
dead, at 6000 feet on Mt. Baker; well developed but sterile. Also at all levels
- below down to less than Ioo feet, but very small.

ALECTORIA SARMENTOSA Ach. On various trees on Mt. Baker, intertangled
with the preceding species.

ALECTORIA OREGANA Nyl. A sterile lichen occurs on Mt. Baker on the
bark of Abies which J place here; it does not quite accord with the luxuriant
specimens collected by me in California.

RAMALINA INFLATA Hook. & Tayl. Not common; on trunks of trees in
the lowlands and lower mountain slopes.

RAMALINA RETICULATA (Noehd.) Krempelh. Abundant on Lummi Island.

UsNEA FLORIDA (L.) Weber. Common throughout but poorly developed;
on twigs, tree trunks, and fences.

UsNEA HIRTA (L.) Hoffm. Likewise common but rather poorly developed.

USNEA PLICATA (L.) Weber. On trees throughout but not specially notable.

UsNEA DASYPOGA (Ach.) Nyl. Neither abundant nor well developed, but
found throughout on trees and fences.

BLASTENIA ATROSANGUINEA (Merrill) Herre. Not rare on Acer circinatum
and occasional on other trees in the lowlands. Spores simple to bi- and polari-
locular, 5-7 by 10—16w.

CALOPLACA ELEGANS (Link) Th. Fr. Mt. Baker, on rocks at 5000 feet and
upward.

CALOPLACA JUNGERMANNIAE (Vahl) Th. Fr. Found in tiny patches on
mosses; Mt. Baker, 6000 feet.

XANTHORIA POLYCARPA (Ehrh.) Th. Fr. Abundant throughout the lower
levels on fruit trees, fences, and twigs of various forest trees.

BUELLIA PARASEMA (Ach.) Th. Fr. Common on smooth barks in the low-
lands.

BUELLIA ALIENA (Nyl.) Herre, var. PENICHRA (Tuck.) Herre. On bark of
Pseudotsuga mucronata, Sumas Mt., at 1700 feet; spores 12.3-16 by 21-27un.

BUELLIA ALBO-ATRA (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. Common on trunks of trees, espe-
cially Douglas spruce.

BUELLIA PAPILLATA (Sommerf.) Tuck. Overrunning dead mosses; Mt.
Baker, 7000 feet.

I also have one or two additional species of rock Buellias which I have not
‘yet satisfactorily determined.

RinopINA Hatiit Tuck. On smooth barks in the lowlands.

RINODINA EXIGUA (Ach.) Th. Fr. Occasional with Lecidea parasema.

RINODINA TURFACEA (Wahl.) Nyl. In very tiny patches on mosses; Mt.
Baker, 6000 feet, mixed with Caloplaca jungermanniae.

PHYSCIA AIPOLIA (Ach.) Nyl. On Acer macrophyllum, in the lowlands.

PHYSCIA TENELLA (Scop.) Nyl. Common on apple trees in the lowlands.

PHYSCIA PULVERULENTA (Schreb.) Nyl. Growing on moss on Mt. Baker
at 6000 to 7000 feet; material sterile and small.

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL,
BELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON

NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN SPHAGNUM:—VII.
A. LERoy ANDREWS
The Group Cuspidata Lindberg (Continued)

16. Sphagnum recurvum Beauvois, 1805. An earlier name, S. intermedium
Hoffmann, 1795! has been used by some authors for this species, but its status
is so uncertain? that it has been rather generally and probably justly abandoned.

1 Dr. Barnhart has called my attention to the fact that while the second volume of Deutsch-
lands Flora was not published until 1796, a portion containing Sphagnum came out shortly before
the close of 1795; cf. Hoppe, Botanisches Taschenbuch, 1796, 243ff.

2 The whole question is discussed in considerable detail by Dusén in Sphagnaceernas utbred-
ning, 42ff. 1887.

Even the name recurvum has been discarded by some recent authors, though
hardly with equal justice. Beauvois’ name is distinctive, the description em-.
phasizing the distinctive feature, and his type-locality was South Carolina,
which excludes other species with recurved leaf-apices and the several valid
segregates, whose range does not in any case extend further south than New
Jersey.

Some of its characters have been indicated in my last paper: the cortical
cells of its stem are not strongly differentiated from those within, the stem-
leaves are relatively small, the branch-leaves show when dry not only recurved
tips, but also several undulations further down (a condition of things not evident
when they are moist), their chlorophyll cells are exposed broadly on the dorsal
surface, triangular in section with the apex ordinarily just about reaching the
ventral surface, their pores are few, on the outer surface small end-pores usually
at both ends of the cell with sometimes an additional pore or two in the lateral
corners, on the inner surface a few rather large round pores in cell-corners, the
latter rarely exceeding four to the cell, sometimes almost or entirely suppressed.*
The plants are nearly always bright green, but may show a brownish pigmenta-
tion; the leaves of the antheridial catkins are strongly pigmented brown. Though
dioicous the species fruits by no means rarely, fruiting tufts often showing male
plants intermingled with those bearing the capsules.

Though the structure of this species is so relatively simple that one might
be tempted (wrongly) to consider it the ancestral type of the order, it is in its.
formal variation the most difficult and critical species after S. subsecundum.
Apart from the forms which can with a degree of justification be separated as.
varieties or species there remain several synonyms to be explained. S. pulch-
ricoma Carl Miiller, 1848 is now accredited by Warnstorf to North America.‘
It was based originally upon South American forms. I have not seen the type-
specimen of S. pulchricoma, but have seen Brazilian specimens so named by
Carl Miiller together with various others from South America. These I should
not feel entirely justified in separating specifically from S. recurvum. Warnstorf
has included under S. pulchricoma not only specimens from our Gulf states, but
also some from as far north as Massachusetts which are entirely normal S. re-
curvum. ‘The characters that he gives for S. pulchricoma, lacerate stem-leaves.
and chlorophyll cells of the branch-leaves not reaching their ventral surface,
do not apply to all the specimens named S. pulchricoma by Warnstorf himself,
and in fact so far as they indicate a tendency at all indicate one within the normal
lines of variation of the usual European and North American S. recurvum, except
that the leaf-section of our most southern form is noteworthy. The character
is however somewhat variable. Upon a specimen from Alabama Warnstorf
based in 1908 a new S. riparioides, which he still (1911) retains. The type-
material is in every way identical with other specimens included by Warnstorf

3 The relative lack of porosity of this and related species, in fact of the whole group Cuspidata,.
makes them of little value in the present important use for surgical dressings.
4 Pflanzenreich, 51: 188ff. 1911.

in S. pulchricoma, in fact a quite similar specimen collected in the same locality
by one of the same collectors was named S. pulchricoma by Warnstorf himself
in 1906.

The question of S. amblyphyllum (Russow) H. Lindberg, 1903° is a more
vexatious one and brings us at once into the whole problem of the close and still
critical segregates of S. recurvum. The basis for the separation was furnished
substantially by Russow, who proposed a division into four subspecies® which
are by many European bryologists now treated as separate species. I am able
to recognize S. pulchrum and S. balticum as distinct, though I have no quarrel
with those who prefer to call them varieties, and will discuss them later; to the
variety tenue I can not accord specific rank, and I will discuss it also later. With
this the four-fold division of Russow would seem to be accounted for, but Warn-
storf and others following him have made out of this a five-fold one. Russow
gave a name to each separate form, leaving nothing under the species without
subspecific name, his subspecies being mucronatum, amblyphyllum, balticum
and angustifolium. The difference between the subspecies mucronatum and
amblyphyllum (as interpreted by Warnstorf and others) lay almost exclusively
in the triangular stem-leaves of mucronatum and the more lingulate ones with
rounded or truncate apex of amblyphyllum. The variety pulchrum of Lindberg
(1880) was included within the subspecies mucronatum by Russow, but was
separated from it by Warnstorf as a fifth variety the same year.’ In 1903 H.
Lindberg definitively recognized all five forms as species, even discarding the
old name S. recurvum as of uncertain application, discarding mucronatum because
already used for a different species, and creating the new specific name S. api-
culatum for this form.’ R6ll has on the other hand consistently refused to re-
cognize S. amblyphyllum as a species distinct from S. recurvum, and Warnstorf
had himself noted in 18919 that both kinds of stem-leaves can be found on the
same stem, but now!® attempts to meet the difficulty by suggesting examining
the stem-leaves on slide without cover-glass. My observations on this point
force me to agree with Rol!. I have had no difficulty in finding amblyphyllum
leaves on plants determined by Warnstorf as mucronatum, can find no other
character whatever to correlate with this one and am obliged to conclude that
the distinction is without taxonomic significance.

The close relationship between S. recurvum and S. cuspidatum will call for
further comment when we reach the latter species. For the present S. fallax
Klinggraff, 1880 demands attention, as Warnstorf in his last work! has accre-

5In 1913 (North American Flora, XV, 16) I have erroneously accredited S. amblyphyllum
as a specific name to Warnstorf (19II).

6 Sphagnologische Studien, 9off. 1890; this paper is generally cited as of 1889, but seems not
to have been actually published before 1890 (in Sitz.-ber. Nat. Ges. Dorpat, IX) as Dr. Barnhart
informs me; Jensen (De danske Sphagnum-Arter, 116) says he received his copy of the separate
reprint on February 14, 1890.

7 Bot. "Gaz. XV, 218f. 1890.

8 Lotos, LI, 127.

9 Verh. d. bot. Ver. d. Prov. Brandenburg, XXXII, 217.

10 Pflanzenreich, 51% 243. 1911.

1 Tbid., 252ff.

dited it to North America. It is an aquatic form of S. recurvum"; the differences
are those one becomes familiar with in aquatic forms. The cortical cells how-
ever remain those of S. recurvum, tending to confirm one’s impression that S.
cuspidatum can not likewise be regarded as a mere aquatic form of S. recurvum.

As to distribution, S. recurvum is widely spread over the three northern
continents, and either itself or closely related species occur also in South America
and Africa. In North America it is not to be found everywhere, but may be
looked for generally north of the limits of glaciation, extending further southward
in the eastern states to Florida and through the tier of Gulf states to Louisiana.
In the Pacific coast region Washington seems to constitute the southern limit;
in the Rocky Mountains, Colorado.

Var. tenue Klinggraff, 1872. This is the small leaved form of the species
and probably deserves taxonomic recognition as differing so markedly in aspect
from the more normal forms that it is likely to be confused with other species.
The intergrading of forms is however such that I doubt if any two persons could
agree just where to draw a dividing line in case of a large number of specimens,
in fact I am not convinced that one person would draw it twice in exactly the
same place. Russow recognized in the work already referred to that the sub-
species contained two distinguishable series of forms, those with leaves clearly
undulate (undulata), and those without this character (imbricata). Warnstorf
in his revision of the group Cuspidata,® which it should be said owed a great
deal to Russow, characterized them more in detail as the forms Warnstorfiz Jensen
and tenue (Klinggraff). I have in North American Flora (1913) tried to secure
a definite line of separation and at the same time recognize what seems the most
natural taxonomic grouping by restoring the undulate leaved forms to the species
and keeping under the variety only those with imbricate leaves, retaining then
the varietal name which both has priority and was originally used in this sense.

The unfortunate attempt to make a species out of this variety or of these
various forms has led to considerable disagreement as to specific name. Roll
insists that his brevifolium has priority. The publication of it upon which he
bases his claim™ suggests a nomen nudum, as Warnstorf asserts;!° it does, how-
ever, refer back to a series of forms characterized in Flora LXIX, 184ff. 1886,
some of which at any rate probably belong within our variety, though the S.
cuspidatum var. brevifolium Lindberg, 1880 included in it and apparently giving
it its name belongs according to Warnstorf to S. balticum. Warnstorf himself
used a specific name parvifolium (1900) applied varietally by Sendtner, while
Russow as we have seen published in 1890 Jensen’s angustifolium as a subspecific
name and Scandinavian bryologists still use this name as specific. In his last
work Warnstorf has given up S. parvifolium as a species, and including it as a
variety under S. amblyphyllum has felt obliged to put its specimens with tri-

2 Cf. H. Lindberg, Lotos, LI, 123. 1903; Loeske, Zur Morphologie und Systematik der Laub-
moose, 50. I9QIO.

138 Verh. d. bot. Ver. d. Provinz Brandenburg, XXXII, 220. 1891.

4 Bot. Centralbl., XX XIX, 340. 1889.

15 Pflanzenreich, 51: 214f. 1911.

at} Ge

angular stem-leaves as a new analogous variety parvulum under S. recurvum.
This procedure is, I think, indicative enough not only of the specific worthless-
ness of S. parvifolium, but also of that of S. amblyphyllum as distinct from S.
recurvum.

This form with non-undulate‘leaves is more characteristic of the southern
and inland range of the species, while the small-leaved form with undulate leaves.
is frequent in the far north. It is possible that the Greenland specimens all
belong to the latter and that I should not have included Greenland in the range
of the variety tenue. Neither form appears south ‘of the limits of glaciation,
the var. tenue, as I have defined it, finding its southern limits in the states Penn-
sylvania, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Montana, Idaho, Washington, so
far as known at present.

17. Sphagnum pulchrum (Lindberg) Warnstorf, 1900. The variety pulchrum
of S. recurvum (S. intermedium) was accredited by Braithwaite!* to Lindberg,
and as a form stands out so clearly that it has not been subject to much mis-
understanding, though one may in some cases be in doubt as to whether a certain
specimen should be placed with it or with the parent species. It is usually a
robust plant, tends to a fairly pronounced brown pigmentation, the branch-
leaves are decidedly broader in proportion to their length with rather less con-
spicuous undulations, they may be arranged quite clearly in five ranks, the se-
parate leaves appear shortly apiculate from the fact that they are so strongly
involute at the immediate apex. In section they show chlorophyll cells whose
apex does not reach the ventral surface of the leaf. The stem-leaves are re-
gularly of stout structure with the same tendency to a short involute apiculus.
The stem in section shows cortical cells much more clearly set off than in S.
recurvum, though they are not over large and have fairly substantial walls; the
stems are accordingly generally brown and brittle as compared with those of
the parent species. Fruit is extremely rare. The species shows considerable
variation as it grows in or out of the water or under other different conditions,
but is fairly clearly recognizable through its varied forms. Its occurrence falls.
entirely within the limits of S. recurvum, but is much more restricted. With
us it is known only in the coastal region from Labrador to New Jersey. In the
latter state I should say from my observations in Ocean County that it is in that
portion of the state the commonest species of Sphagnum. In Nova Scotia it
seems to be also well represented. Its European range is northwestern, from
Finland to the British Isles, and confined to regions essentially coastal. In
Asia it has not been found and very likely does not occur, as it is also lacking
in interior and western North America.

18. Sphagnum balticum Russow, 1890. This form had been distinguished
by Russow with a varietal name mollissimum as early as 1865.17 Though called
by Russow in 1890 a subspecies, it was in the same year published by Jensen as
a full-fledged species’ ascribed to Russow as author. It is a soft compact-grow-

16 Sphagnaceae, 81. 1880.
17 Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Torfmoose, 61.
18 De danske Sphagnum-Arter, 100.

ing form tending to take on a snuff-colored pigmentation, and the branch-leaves
are not so markedly undulate as is commonly the case with S. recurvum. The
branch-leaves tend to be considerably more porose on the outer surface than
in the parent species, the stem-leaves are relatively large, and broad in proportion
to their length (lingulate), and the stem-cortex is differentiated off as in S. pulch-
rum, or even more distinctly so. The species is one of the far north, being
known in North America from Greenland and Alaska. The Alaskan collection
was made by Trelease at Port Wells in 1899.2° I have a bit of the material from
the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden, and would agree with Warn-
storf in its identification. I have also seen a specimen from Greenland in the
herbarium of the Copenhagen Botanical Museum which seems to represent the
species. It was collected by Kruuse (not Krause, as Warnstorf has it) in 1902
in the Scoresby Sound region. In Europe it belongs primarily to the north,
though Warnstorf reports it from as far south as the Alps. It has also been
collected in Siberia.

Apparently next related to this species is S. annulatum H. Lindberg, 1898,
described from Finland. It is of similar appearance, rather coarser and more
robust and distinguished particularly by the astonishing development of pores
in the branch-leaves, approximating in this respect S. subsecundum or S. men-
docinum. H. Lindberg was led by minor variations to make two other species,
S. Jensenit 1899 and S. propinquum 1903 out of his material. They have been
reunited, I have no doubt correctly, by Warnstorf in 1911,?4 though under the
name S. Jensenit which lacks priority. I refer to this species because there
is every reason to expect that it will be found in extreme northern North Ame-
rica. In Europe it is confined to the far north; it is also known from Siberia.”

If I may revert for a moment to the group Squarrosa, it will be recalled
that I was previously not able to include Pennsylvania in the list of states rep-
resenting the southern limit of distribution of S. teres. At about the same time
Dr. Jennings published its occurrence in that state?* near Linesville in Crawford
County, and has kindly sent me a specimen from this collection. The locality
fails within the limits of glaciation. It would be of decided interest if data suf-
ficient could be secured to show just where various species of Sphagnum reach
their southern limit of distribution in Pennsylvania and in just what relation
this limit stands to the limit of glaciation. The same is of course true of other
states across the country.

ItHaca, N. Y.

19 Reports of Warnstorf (Pflanzenreich, 51: 227. 1911) from Labrador and New Hampshire
I cannot verify.

20 Cf. Harriman Alaska Expedition, V, 332. 1904; Warnstorf mentions other collections from
Alaska.

21 Pflanzenreich, 51: t1ooff.

22 Warnstorf’s locality for Japan should be confirmed.

23 Mosses of Western Pennsylvania, 33. I9I3.

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VOLUME XX

Foe NS A
=, NOVEMBER, 1917 | =<

THE BRYOLUG

JOURNAL OF THE

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

Conducted and Published for the Society by
O. E. JENNINGS, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief

Associate Editors
ABEL JOEL GROUT, Ph.D.
GEORGE N. BEST, M.D. JOHN M. HOLZINGER, M:S.
ALEXANDER W. EVANS, Ph.D. LINCOLN W. RIDDLE, Ph.D.
and the

Advisory Board Officers of the Society

CONTENTS

The Rhacomitriums of Western North America LCE sor,

Unusual Habitats Elizabeth M. Dunham 98

Lichens of the Mt. Monadnock Region, N. H.—No. 9.
Thomas Durfee 99

Pterygophyllum acuminatum at Ohio Pyle, Pennsylvania
O. E. Jennings 100

Reviews E. B. Chamberlain 109

Miscellaneous Notes

ol
Sullivant Moss Society Election 102
102

Exchange Department

“Entered as second-class matter August 21st, 1913, at the Post Office at Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, under the Act of March 3, 1879."
Copyright, 1917, by Edward B. Chamberlain

THE SEPTEMBER NUMBER OF THE BRYOLOGIST wWaAs PUBLISHED OCTOBER 13, 1917.
PRESS OF THE INTELLIGENCER PRINTING HOUSE, LANCASTER, PA.

THE BRYOLOGIST

Bimonthly Journal of
THE SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY

DEVOTED MAINLY TO THE STUDY OF NORTH AMERICAN MOSSES,
HEPATICS, AND LICHENS

Subscription in the United States, $1.25 per year; in all
other countries, $1.35. Society membership, 25 cents addi-
tional. Singlecopies, 25cents. Vols. I- XIX, 1898-1916, $19.00.

TEN YEAR INDEX, $1.00

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ADVISORY BOARD

OFFICERS OF THE SULLIVANT Moss SOCIETY

President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York Botanical Garden
New York City.

Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith . .. 78 Orange Street
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. E. B. Chamberlain .. 18 W. 89th Street
New York City.

Curators of Herbaria—Mr. George B. Kaiser, Mosses, 508 Locust
Avenue, Germantown, Pa.; Dr. G. H. Conklin, Hepatics, 1204
Tower Ave., Superior, Wis.; Mr. C. C. Plitt, Lichens, 3933
Lowndes Ave., Baltimore, Md.

All material for identification should be sent to the respective curators, also all
correspondence relating to the Exchange Department.

PE“ BRY OLOGIST

VoL. XX NOVEMBER, IQI7 No. 6

THE RHACOMITRIUMS OF WESTERN N ORTH AMERICA
iG Havin &

The genus Rhacomitrium has given more or less trouble in regard to the
identification of the western species because a number have been described
insufficiently, sometimes no drawings were made to show what the descrip-
tion was based on; and because a number of species usually recognized as such
are quite close in their approach to each other. It is hoped that this may prove
to be of value to those who find difficulty with western material:

RHACOMITRIUM

Plants mostly branched. Stem without central strand, with rhizoids only
at base. Leaves with or without ‘hyaline point, lanceolate; vein extending to
tip except in R. palmer1, margin mostly entire except the hyaline point; surface
often sunken over the cell-cavities or over the walls. Cells strongly sinuose,
the lower usually elongated, the upper isodiametric to elongated. Dioicous.
Calyptra mitrate, rather long-beaked. Seta straight or curved, twisted to the
right or left. Capsule oval to cylindric, smooth, with stomates. Lid conic,
with long beak; beak 14 to once the length of the capsule-body. Annulus pres-
ent. Peristome single; teeth divided to below the middle into 2-3 divisions,
with swollen joints. (Gk. rhakos=frayed, mitrion=a cap; referring to the fringed
calyptra.)

KEY TO THE SPECIES

A. Upper green leaf-cells isodiametric or nearly so.
B. Hyaline points lacking on all leaves, even on those of the branch-tips.
C. Leaves with 2-4 ridges several cells high on the under side of the vein.
1. R. patens
CC. Leaves without ridges on the vein.
D. Leaves distinctly papillose on both sides; seta twisted to the left.
10. R. canescens
DD. Leaves not papillose; seta twisted to the right.
E. Isodiametric leaf-cells restricted to the marginal row above, and
to a few cells in the tip; capsule-body 3.3—3.8 mm. long.
g. R. varium
EE. Isodiametric leaf cells predominating above except in the vein;
capsule-body 2.6 mm. or less long.

* The writer is indebted to Mrs. E. G. Britton, R. S. Williams, J. W. Bailey, and J. M. Macoun
for assistance.
The September number of the BRYOLOGIST was published October 13, 1917.

F. Plants reddish; leaves less than 1.5 mm. long; cells greatly bulg-
ing on the upper leaf-surface. 4. R. cyclodictyon
FF. Plants green to blackish; leaves 2 mm. or more long; cells not
or hardly bulging on the leaf-surface.
G. Leaf-tip rounded, often toothed, but sometimes entire.
2. R. aciculare
GG. Leaf-tip bluntly pointed, entire.
H. Leaf-margin 1 cell thick throughout; short tuft-like lateral

branches o to few. 3. R. depressum
HH. Leaf-margin more than 1 cell thick above; short tuft-
like lateral branches many. 1. R. affine

BB. Hyaline points present on some leaves, at least on some of those of the
branch tips.
I. Leaves plainly papillose on both sides; seta twisted to the left.
10. R. canescens
II. Leaves not or hardly papillose.
J. Leaves with 2-4 ridges several cells high on the under side of the vein;
seta twisted to the left. 8. R. patens
JJ. Leaves without longitudinal ridgeson the vein; seta twisted to the right.
K. Isodiametric cells restricted to the marginal row above, and to a
few cells in the tip; capsule body 3.3-3.8 mm. long. 9. R. vartum
KK. Isodiametric cells predominating above except in the vein; cap-
sule-body 2.4 mm. or less long.
L. Leaf-margin only I cell thick throughout. 5. R. heterostichum
LL. Leaf-margin more than I cell thick near the tip.
M. Hyaline leaf-points acute, always present on some leaves of
the branch-tips; short tuft-like lateral branches o to few.
6. R. sudeticum
MM. Hyaline leaf-points blunt, aiways present on some leaves
of the branch-tips; short tuft-like lateral branches o to few.
7. R. macounit
MMM. Hyaline leaf-points none at all or blunt or few; short
tuft-like lateral branches many. 8. R. affine
AA. Upper green leaf-cells 2 01 more times as long as wide.
N. Leaves with papillose hyaline points, or if all leaves without hyaline points
the green cells papillose; seta twisted to the left.
O. Green cells papillose on both leaf-surfaces; upper green leaf-cells 1-2
times as long as wide exclusive. of vein. ; 10. R. canescens
OO. Green cells not papillose except within a few cells of the hyaline point;
upper green leaf-cells 2-8 times as long as wide exclusive of vein.
11. R. lanuginosum
NN. Leaves wholly without papillae; seta twisted to the right.
P. Vein extending to the leaf-tip or very nearly there.
Q. Most of the leaves with hyaline points; seta 4-5 mm. long; capsule-
body 1.8-2.1 mm. long; peristome-teeth about .6 mm. long; leaf-
surface depressed over the cell-wall. 12. R. microcarpum

ows, Te
.

OQ. Usually at least some of the leaves of the branch-tips with hyaline
points, but sometimes all muticous; seta 10-14 mm. long; capsule-
body 3.3-3.8 mm. long; peristome-teeth 1.5-1.7 mm. long; leaf-
surface depressed over the cell-cavities. g. R. varium

OQQ. None of the leaves with hyaline points; seta 4-12 mm. long; cap-
sule-body 2-2.5 mm. long; peristome-teeth about .6 mm. long; leaf-
surface depressed over the cell cavities. 14. R. fasciculare

PP. Vein extending only to about the middle of the leaf. 13. R. palmert

ANALYTIC STATEMENTS

Only R. palmeri has the vein ending much below the tip.

Only R. var1um has the capsule-body reaching 3 mm. long.

Only R. cyclodictyon is red or reddish-brown.

Only R. aciculare has teeth on the margin other than on the hyaline point,
and it does not always have them.

Only R. lanuginosum has the seta rough.

Only R. paiens, R. sudeticum, R. affine and R. macounit have the margin
more than I cell thick toward the apex.

Only R. canescens and R. vartum have the peristome-teeth I mm. or more
long.

Only R. sudeticum occidentale has teeth on the surface of the hyaline point.

Only R. canescens has distinct papillae on both surfaces of the leaves; but
R. lanuginosum has a few near the hyaline point.

Only R. canescens and R. lanuginosum have papillae on the hyaline point.

Only R. patens, R. canescens and R. lanuginosum have the seta twisted
to the left.* '

I. RHACOMITRIUM PATENS (Dicks.) Hueb. Muscol. Germ. p. 198, 1833.
[Dryptodon patens Brid.; Grimmia patens B. S. G.]

Plants in loose mats, green to brownish or blackish; stems up to 12 cm.
long, with few elongated branches and none to few short tuft-like lateral branches;
central strand none. Leaves about 3 mm. long, lanceolate, gradually narrowed,
keeled above; when dry appressed, slightly crispate; when wet strongly squarrose;
tip usually muticous, often with a few teeth; margins 2 cells thick toward tip,
revolute at base; vein about .12 mm. wide near base, with 2—4 longitudinal lamel-
lae on under side; lamellae 1-2 cells thick, 2-5 cells high. Cells strongly convex
on surface of leaf, round-quadratic from tip of leaf to below middle and 8—gu
in diameter, greatly elongated from near middle to base; basal cells linear; alar
cells rectangular to quadrate. Dioicous. Calyptra mitrate, sometimes almost
cucullate. Seta 3-5 mm. long, twisted to the left, curved, yellowish. Capsule
horizontal, eventually almost erect, oval, smooth, becoming somewhat grooved
in old age, its body 1.6-1.8 mm, long. Lid about 14 the length of the capsule

* Conceive a clock with face turned up. Conceive a moss-plant upright on the face of the

clock. If the capsule is twisted in the direction in which the hands of the clock move, the seta is
said to be twisted to the right; if in the opposite direction, to the left.

PLATE XX.
Rhacomitrium patens. (1) Plant, Xr. (2) Capsule, 17. (3) Lid, X17.

(4) Part of
(6) Tip of rather blunt leaf, X400.

cross section of upper portion of leaf, X550. (Gy eat,.7X07,
(9) Cells

(7) Cross section of upper part of leaf, X330. (8) Tip of rather pointed leaf, X400.
of leaf-middle, X400. (10) Cells of leaf-base, including the alar cells, X400.

meh

body, usually diagonally beaked. Annulus of 3 rows of large cells. Peristome
teeth united at base, divided into 2-3 forks to well below the middle, purple,
densely papillose, .25-.3 mm. long. Spores 12-16u.—Alaska to Oregon, Idaho
and Montana.

The separation of a poorly defined group under the generic name Dryptodon
seems to be more confusing than clarifying, and adds nothing to our knowledge
of relationships. It does not then seem to have sufficient reason for support.

2. RHACOMITRIUM ACICULARE (L.) Brid. Mant. p. 80. 1819.

Plants rather coarse and stiff, green to blackish-green; stems up to IO cm.
long; elongated branches few; short tuft-like lateral branches none. Leaves
broadly lanceolate or lingulate; apex rounded, wide; margin usually somewhat
toothed at tip, only 1 cell thick throughout; vein ending a few cells from the
tip. Cells of the leaf-tip isodiametric or oval, of the leaf-middle rectangular,
of the leaf-base linear. Dioicous. Calyptra mitrate, smooth. Seta 3-14 mm.
long, twisted to the right. Capsule oval or almost cylindric, 2-2.4 mm. long;
stomates in 3—4 rows; lid beaked, 4-24 the length of the capsule-body; annulus
of 3-4 rows of cells. Peristome about .7 mm. long, papillose; teeth divided to
below the middle into 2-3 unequal divisions. On wet rocks in or at the margins
of streams.

The species varies chiefly as follows: (1) the margin of the leaves from
entire to distinctly toothed for 34 the distance to the base; (2) the cell arrange-
ment near the tip from fairly distinct diagonal rows to utter lack of diagonal
rows; (3) the length of seta from 3 to 14 mm.; (4) the vein in the inner peri-
chaetial leaves from 24 the distance from the base to wholly wanting; (5) the length
of the body of the capsule from 2 to 2.4 mm. The nearly ecostate perichaetial
leaves are usually but not always concurrent with the shorter setae and smaller
capsules; this constitutes R. neviz. But short and long setae sometimes occur
on the same plant.

TYPICAL.

I. Seta 5-14 mm. long; capsule about 2.2-2.4 mm. long; inner perichaetial
leaves with vein indistinct to distinct—Alaska and Yukon to California
and Montana.

2a. Rhacomitrium ac‘culare nevii (Muell.) n. comb. [Grimmia nevii Muell.:
Rhacomitrium nevit Wats.]|
I. Seta 3-7 mm. long; capsule about 2—2.2 mm. long; inner perichaetial leaves.
from ecostate to indistinctly costate.—Alaska to Oregon and Idaho.

3. RHACOMITRIUM DEPRESSUM Lesq. Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci. I: 14. 1868.

Plants yellowish-brown to blackish-green. Stems up to 13 cm. long; elong-
ated branches none to few per plant; short tuft-like lateral branches none. Leaves.
obtuse, smooth; margin entire or with suggestions of distant teeth at apex, only
1 cell thick throughout; vein ending a few cells from the tip. Cells of the leaf-
tip isodiametric or nearly so, those of the leaf-middle 2-4 times as long as wide
and sinuous, those of the leaf-base linear except for the lower few rows. Dioi-
cous. Calyptra (?). Seta 6-8 mm. long, twisted to the right. Capsule sub-

WIE AIAN
) G OF ©
a 11 Sug NG Be iitsatet

PLATE XXI.

Rhacomitrium aciculare. (1) Plant, X1. (2) Leaf-margin near tip, X400. (3) Leaf, X17.
(4) Portion of cress section through lower part of leaf, X550. (5) Plant, Xz. (6) Cross section
through leaf-margin near tip, X550. (7), (8) Inner perichaetial leaves, X17. (9) Capsule, X17.
(10) Cells of leaf-base, X400. (11) Cells of leaf-middle, X400. (12) Cells of leaf-tip, 400.

cylindric, not narrowed at the mouth, its body 2.2-2.6 mm. long. Peristome ©
teeth usually divided into 3 or rarely 2 divisions; divisions unequal, smooth.—
British Columbia to California.

PEATE XeSit.
Rhacomitrium aciculare nevit. (1) Plant, Xr. (2) Cross section through leaf margin, 550.
(3) Capsule, X17. (4), (5) Perichaetial leaves, X17. (6) Cells of leaf-tip, «400.

PLATE XXIII.

Rhacomitrium depressum. (1) Plant. Xr. (2), (3), (4). (5) Leaves, X17. (6) Capsule,
X17. (7) Part of cross section of leat, X550. (8) Cells of leaf-base, X400. (9) Cells of leaf-
middle, X400. (10) Leaf-tip, x 4oo.

97

The material at hand lacked calyptra and peristome. An examination
of Macoun’s No. 620 from Victoria, B. C., shows it to be R. depressum instead
of R. protensum. Since the only report of the occurrence of R. protensum in
the western part of North America seems to be from Macoun’s collection near
Victoria, its reported presence seems to be due to error. The two species seem
to differ in the following:

(a) R. depressum—Capsule-body about 2.5 mm. long; leaves smooth.

(aa) R. protensum—Capsule-body about 1.8 mm. long; leaves with paired
papillae over the cell-walls.

(To be concluded in January number)

UNUSUAL HABITATS

ELIZABETH M. DUNHAM

A student of mosses so soon becomes accustomed to finding certain species
in their accustomed habitats that a moss growing out of the usual place at once
attracts attention. The following are cases that have interested the writer:

Sphagnum was found on rock on top of a hill at Holderness, N. H., June,
1915. Unfortunately the specimen collected was lost so that the species cannot
be given.

Dicranum viride (Sull. & Lesq.) Lindb. grew on trees high above one’s head
at Upper Dam, Rangeley Lakes, Me., Sept., 1916.

Dicranum montanum Hedw. was collected at Upper Dam, Me., Sept., 1916,
on rock and on the ground, as well as on trees and decaying logs.

Drummondia clavellata Hook. was collected on rock at Hot Springs, Arkan-
sas, by Mrs. Frank E. Lowe, Jan., 1915.

Ulota ulophylla (Ehrh.) Broth. was found by Heyward Scudder growing
on rock at Grand Manan, N. B., June, 1914. It at first seemed probable that
the specimen had fallen from a tree and lodged on the rock but, when the locality
was again examined, several specimens of the same moss were found on rock
and in every case away from trees.

Funaria hygrometrica (L.) Sibth. has been found several times on the mortar
between the rocks of stone walls, growing mixed with Bryum argenteum.

Mnium cuspidatum (L.) Leyss. was found in the crotch of an old willow
by Heyward Scudder in New Brunswick, August, 1914.

Mnium hornum L. was collected in water in Milton, Mass., May, 1916.
The growth was so very lax that the species was entirely unrecognizable until
placed under the microscope.

Platygyrium repens (Brid.) Bryol. Eur. grows on rocks at North Worcester,
Mass. Collected by Mrs. Frank E. Lowe.

Thelia asprella Sull. was also collected on rock by Mrs. Lowe at the lime-
stone quarries at Bolton, Mass. The specimen was determined by Dr. Grout
who said he had never heard of this species growing on rock before.

From the foregoing notes it would seem that rock is the new habitat to

which mosses most easily adapt themselves, as the species given are generally
found on the ground, on decaying logs, or at the base of trees.

A few other cases that have been noticed are such mosses as Hylocomium

WaBAN, MaAss.

pbroliferum (L.) Lindb., Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (L.) Warnst., Hypnum Schrebert
Willd., and Ptilium crista-castrensis (L.) De Not., growing from two to three
feet up the base of trees, whereas these species are usually found on the ground
or on rotten logs.

LICHENS OF THE MT. MONADNOCK REGION, N. H.—NO. 9*

THOMAS DURFEE

These lichens were determined by the late Dr. H. E. Hasse.
mens are fertile.

Genus: PYRENULA Ach.
161. Pyrenula glabrata (Ach.) Mass. One specimen.
162. P. nitida (Weig.) Ach. One specimen.

Genus: CALICIUM Pers.

163. Calicium lenticulare Ach. Four specimens.
164. C. partetinum Ach. Two specimens.
165. C. quercinum Pers. One specimen.

Genus: SPHINCTRINA Fr.

166. Sphinctrina turbinata (Pers.) Fr. Three specimens.

Genus: ACOLIUM De Not.

167. Acolium tigillare (Pers.) De Not. One specimen.

Genus: ARTHOTHELIUM Mass.

168. Arthothelium spectabile (Flot.) Mass. Three specimens.

Genus: OPEGRAPHA Humb.
169. Opegrapha macularis Fr. One specimen.

Genus: GRAPHIS Adans.
170. Graphis dendritica Ach. Nine specimens.

171. G. dendritica f. medusula (Pers.) Nyl. Four specimens.

172. G. elegans (Borrer) Ach. One specimen.

173. G. inusta Ach. Two specimens.

174. G. inustula Nyl. Two specimens.

175. G. scripta (L.) Ach. Four specimens.

176. G. scripta f. recta (Humb.) Nyl. Six specimens.

MIDDLESEX SCHOOL,
ConcorD, MaAss.

* No. 8 of this series was published in the BRYoLoGcist 20: 47-48.

IQ17.

All the speci-

=== LOO) =a

PTERYGOPHYLLUM ACUMINATUM AT OHIO PYLE,
PENNSYLVANIA

O. E. JENNINGS

On the 12th and 13th of May, of this year, Mrs. Jennings and IJ, together
with Dr. and Mrs. W. H. Emig, were at Ohio Pyle, Fayette County, Pennsylvania.
Ohio Pyle lies in a deep rocky valley where the Youghiogheny River cuts through
the Laurel Hill Mountains. The locality is noted not only for its beautiful
scenery, but also for the occurrence of many rare or unusual plants that range

mainly through the southern Alleghanies. Here occur Pyrularta pubera, Marshal-

lia obovata, Azalea arborescens, Aconitum uncinatum, and others; doubtless similar
peculiarities of range occur no less prominently among the mosses.
On the trip mentioned we discovered a patch of Pterygophyllum acuminatum
(C. M.) Paris, which was growing on a large block of sandstone, frequently dashed
with spray, in a deep ravine a few yards below Cucumber Falls. The plants
were sterile, but were named for me by Dr. G. N. Best, who notes that the species
“differs but little if indeed at all, from Pt. acutifolium (Hook.) Besch. and by
several bryologists is regarded as simply a passing form of Pt. lucens (L.) Brid.
: Hookerta (?) Sullivantu C. M. Mss., of the Lesquereux and James
Moamtial is referred by its author to Pt. Jucens Bridel, and in his description of
Pt. lucens he says of its leaves, ‘saepe rhizophora,’ a condition which may be
observed in your moss. I congratulate you upon this interesting and rare moss,
and suggest that you keep an eye to its sexual organs. It appears to me to be
dioicous, but Iam not sure of it. Pt. acutifolium is said to differ from Pt. lucens,
among other things, in being monoicous.”’

CARNEGIE MUSEUM, PITTSBURGH, PA.

REVIEWS

The various delays in mails incident to the war, and further hindrances on
our own account, render the notices below a little tardy. We trust that they
may be none the less welcome. In the last volume of the Nyt Magazin to ar-
rive Dr. Lynge continues his Index of lichen exsiccati! already noticed’. The
pagination in this portion follows consecutively with that of the earlier part in
volume 53 of the Nyt Magazin, and cause a repetition of pages 113 to 187 in-

clusive of the present volume. This arrangement, while perhaps presenting |

certain drawbacks, will greatly facilitate the ultimate publication of Dr. Lynge’s
work as a separate book. The present portion continues the systematic index

of the various exsiccati alphabetically by authors, with critical notes as to con-

tents, titles, etc., covering from specimen 607 of Britzelmayr: Lichens Exsiccati,
to number 447 of the Kryptogamae Exsiccatae of the Museum Palatinum Vin-
dobonense.

1 Index specierum et varietatum lichenum quae collectionibus ‘‘Lichenes Exsiccati’’ dis-
tributae sunt. Bernt Lynge. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskabérne. 54: 113-304. (1916).
2 BRYOLOGIST 19: 78. (1916.)

= Lol =

In Broteria Senhor Sampaio contributes a second series of lichen notes! on
fifty different species, with additional localities for certain species of his earlier
list, already noted in the BryoLoaisT 19: 95 (1916). New species or varieties
are described, but not figured, in Calicium, Lecanora (2), Pertusaria, and Lecidea.
A list of thirty species is also given whose occurrence is reported but of which
specimens are not forthcoming.

In the same issue of Broteria there is a list? of 29 Bryophytes that are re-
ported as new for the Portuguese flora. Hyophila crenulata is described as new,
and also a new variety, var. elongata, of Grimmia leucophaea.

There are also among the bibliographical notices in this same number of
Broteria two notes by Father Luisier upon recent published catalogues of Portu-
guese hepatics and lichens.

In the July number of Torreya Mr. Burnham and Mr. Latham? issue the
first supplement to their list of the plants growing in the town of Southold and
the adjacent Gardiner’s Island. The list includes all forms of plant growth,
from ‘insect galls to the composites. Six species and three varieties of lichens,
twelve species of hepatics, and nine of mosses are given as additions. The
article in the September number includes a correction of one hepatic record in
the July list. The original list was published in 1914, in Torreya.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

Unusual Habitat for Catharinea crispa.—Mr. A. T. Beals writes that
last September (1916) he collected some fine specimens of Catharinea crispa
James on Mt. Greylock, Massachusetts, within two hundred feet of the top.
The moss was not in fruit but it was abundant in the little grassy waterway
where it grew. Mt. Greylock is stated to be over 3500 feet in height, so that
such a habitat is probably quite unusual for C. crispa, which has been collected
mostly in swamps and along streams fairly near sea-level.

- Fontinalis gigantea twenty-eight inches long.—Speaking of the speci-
mens of Fontinalis gigantea which he offered for exchange in the BRYOLOGIST
for March, 1917, Mr. A. T. Beals wrote: ‘‘The specimens are quite robust and
one stem measured twenty-eight inches in length. Many were more than twenty
inches long. They were collected at Hoboken, N. J., in early December, 1916.”

Mosses as travertine builders.—Dr. W. H. Emig has returned to the
University of Pittsburgh, after another summer of botanizing in the Arbuckle
Mountains,.Oklahoma, and has brought back with him some fine specimens of
travertine formed on different species of aquatic mosses. We hope eventually
to publish a paper from him. |

1 Liquenes novos para a flora portuguesa. Gonegalo Sampaio. Broteria. 15: 12-29. (1017.)

2 Notas de briologia portuguesa: plantas novas para Portugal. Antonio Machado. Broteria.
15: 8-o1. (1917.)

3S. H. Burnham and Roy A. Latham. The Flora of the Town of Southold, Long Island, and
Gardiner’s Island. Torreya. 17: 111-122. July, 1917; and Corrections to the Flora of the Town
of Southold. Torreya. 17: 164. Sept., 1917.

Tail O2 ==

SULLIVANT MOSS SOCIETY ELECTION

Members of the Sullivant Moss Society are requested to send their ballots
promptly to the Judge of Elections, Mr. Geo. B. Kaiser, 508 Locust Ave., Ger-
mantown, Pa. Ballots must be received before December 15th, 1916.

The following persons have been nominated by the Executive Committee,
but members are reminded that they are free to vote for any others.

For President—Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, New York City.

For Vice-President—Mrs. Annie Morrill Smith, Brooklyn, N. Y.

For Secretary-Treasurer—Mr. Edward B. Chamberlain, New York City.

EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT

Offerings—To members only. Return postage should accompany the re-
quest.

Dr. Wm. H. Wiegmann, 436 East 5th St., New York City.—Catharinea
crispa James, c. fr., and Baeomyces roseus Pers., both collected by Dr. Wiegmann,
in New York.

Dr. John W. Bailey, 4541 Fourteenth Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash.—Hyp-
num subumponens Lesq., c. fr., collected in Washington.

Mr. A. T. Beals, 71 West 23d St., New York City.—A phanorhegma serratum
(Hook. & Wils.) Sul., Pelham Manor, N. Y., Sept. 27, 1917, and Fisstdens
grandifrons Brid , Niagara Falls, Oct. 26, 1917, both collected by Mr Beals.

Mr. Severin Rapp, Sanford, Florida.—Bzatora hypomela Nyl., and Metzgeria
myriopoda Lindb., both collected by Mr. Rapp in Florida.

PART ene

CLUBBING OFFER

The following rates are made in connection with Dr. Grout for a year’s
subscription to the Bryologist, or for membership in the Sullivant Moss
Society, if remittance is made at one time, in advance.

Moss Flora of N.Y. City and Bryologist, $2.10; with membership, $2.35,

Mosses with Handlens, Ed. ii, and Bryologist, $2.75; with membership, $3.00.

Mosses with Handlens and Microscope and Bryologist, $7.50; with mem-
bership, $7.75.

All remittances and communications should go to
EDWARD B. CHAMBERLAIN - - 18 WEST 89TH ST., NEw YORK

CLOSING-OUT SALE AT REDUCTIONS

A set of Austin’s Musci Appalachiani, and the following books: Underwood,
Our Native Ferns; Berkeley, British Mosses; Sullivant, Icones Muscorum and
Supplement; P. Paul, Spirogyra des Environs de Paris; Rabenhorst, Flora
Europaea Algarum; Wolle, Fresh Water Algae; Wolle, Desmids; Leidy, Fresh
Water Rhizopods; S. Kent, Manual of Infusoria, Vol. iii, illust.; Micrographic
Dictionary; Gosse, Evenings at the Microscope; McDonald, Examination of
Drinking Water; Darwin, Habits of Climbing Plants; Britton & Brown, Illus-
trated Flora of the United States and Canada, Ed. i.

For prices and terms apply to
EUGENE A. RAU 170 Church Street BETHLEHEM, PA.

NORTH AMERICAN MUSCI PLEUROCARPI

For the above exsiccati I need the species listed below, described in Les-
quereux & James Manual. Inexchange for enough of one collection for 40 speci-
mens of any of these species, I will send 20 select specimens of Musci Pleuro-
carpi (25 if the material be fruiting); or, I will pay a reasonable amount in books
or cash.

Fontinalis californica, F. biformis, F. filiformis; Dichelyma uncinatum (type), D. subulatum;
Cryphaea pendula, C. nervosa, C. Ravenellii; Leptodon ohioensis, L. nitidus; Alsia longipes;
Neckera disticha, N. complanata, N. floridana, N. Ludoviciae; Meteorium pendulum; Ptero-
gonium gracile; Fabronia gymnostoma, F. octoblepharis, F. Ravenellii, F. Donnellii; Habrodon
Notarisii; Myurella apiculata; Leskea Austini; Myrinia pulvinata; Anomodon Toccoae, A. cali-
fornicus; Pylaisia subdenticulata; Entodon compressus; Climacium ruthenicum; Orthothecium
rufescens, O. rubellum, O. chryseum; Thuidium pygmaeum; Hypnum leucocladulum, H. com-
pressulum; Camptothecium aeneum, C. arenarium; Brachythecium Thedenii (and B. erythro-
rhizon), B. utahense, B. Bolanderi; Scleropodium californicum; Thamnium neckeroides; Plagio-
thecium pulchellum, P. geminum, P. subfalcatum; Amblystegium minutissimum, A. Sprucei;
Hypnum lycopodioides, H. commutatum, H. hamulosum, H. callichroum, H. Bambergeri, H.
montanum, H. alaskanum, H. Wrightii, H. turgescens, H. planum.

The above offer also applies to any valid and authentic species, unless

already issued, discovered or described since the publication of the Manual.
DR. A. J. GROUT, NEW DORP, N. Y.

CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN HEPATICAE
By Miss C. C. HAYNES AND Dr. A. W. EVANS

Lists all forms known to occur in the United States and Canada. First
Supplement containing additions and corrections, also ready.

Price, for either List or Supplement, 25c¢ per dozen, 50 for $1.00
MISS C. C. HAYNES : - - HIGHLANDS, N. J.

THE GUIDE TO NATURE

A Magazine of Commonplace Nature
with Uncommon Interest

Beautifully Illustrated Many New Features
“Tt is all very well to be a specialist, but it is bad to be nothing buta
specialist ”’ —Dean Coulter, Purdue

EDWARD F. BIGELOW, Managing Editor

Subscription, $1.00 a Year Single or Sample Copy toc.

THE AGASSIZ ASSOCIATION

ARCADIA SOUND BEACH CONNECTICUT

AMERICAN FERN JOURNAL

An illustrated quarterly devoted to the general study of ferns. Subscrip-
tion, 1917, including membership in THE AMERICAN FERN SOCIETY,
$1.00; or, without membership, 90 cents. Foreign subscriptions, 10 cents a
year extra. Volume I, six parts, $2.00; Volumes II to VI, $1.00 each: the set,
six volumes, $6.50.

Send subscriptions or applications for membership to
E. J. WINSLOW, AuBURNDALE, MAss.
Send matter for publication to R. C. BENEDICT, 2303 NEWKIRK AVE.,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB

Monthly; established 1870. Each issue averages about 50
pages and 2 or 3 plates. Devoted to botanical contributions
of the widest range; morphological, physiological, taxonomic,
ecological, and geographical. $4.00 a year.

TORREYA

A monthly journal of botanical notes and news; established
1901. About 20 pages in each issue. $1.00 a year.

MEMOIRS OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB
Issued at irregular intervals since 1889. Consisting of papers
too long for publication in the BULLETIN. Fifteen volumes
completed. $3.00 a volume.

MEMBERSHIP

including publications, $5.00 a year.
Address, Treasurer Torrey Botanical Club,
BERNARD O. DODGE,
Department of Botany, Columbia University, New York City

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