BUCEROS

ENViS Newsletter: Avian Ecology & Inland Wetlands

Vol. 11, No.1 (2006)

QL Bibliography of the Birds of North India

698.95 & r j

.8835 Compiled by

BIRD

Sujit S. Narwade, Girish A. Jathar & Asad R. Rahmaei

Bms

in niPl CONSERVING II ILIICtNATURESINCE1883

2006

ENV!S

ENVIS (Environmental Information System) is a network of subject specific nodes located in various institutions throughout the country. The Focal Point of the present 25 ENVIS centres in India is at the Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, which further serves as the Regional Service Centre (RCS) for INFOTERRA, the global information network of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to cater to environment information needs in the South Asian sub-region. The primary objective of all ENVIS centres is to collect, collate, store and disseminate environment related information to various user groups, including researchers, policy planners and decision makers.

The ENVIS Centre at the Bombay Natural History Society was set up in June 1 996 to serve as a source of information on Avian Ecology and Inland Wetlands.

ENVIS TEAM AT THE BNHS

Centre-in-Charge Project Coordinator Scientist-in-Charge Information Officer

Mr. J.C. Daniel Dr. Asad R. Rahmani

Mr. Girish A. Jathar Mr. Sujit S. Narwade

Citation: Narwade, S. S., G. A. Jathar & A. R. Rahmani (2006). Bibliography of the Birds of North India. Buceros 11 (1): 1-144.

Cover: Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach (Immature) by Varad Giri

Cover design and page layout: Sujit Narwade and Girish Jathar, BNHS.

© 2006: All rights reserved. This publication shall not be reproduced either in full or

in part in any form, either in print or electronic or any other medium, without the prior written

permission of the Bombay Natural History Society.

Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, S B. Singh Road, Mumbai 400 023, Maharashtra, India. Tel.: (91-22) 2282 1811, Fax: (91-22) 2283 7615 E-mail: envisbnhs@vsnl.net Website: www.envisbnhs.org

CONTENTS

Introduction 1

Abbreviations 1

Bihar 2

Delhi 21

Himachal Pradesh 34

Jammu and Kashmir 55

Jharkhand 80

Uttar Pradesh 85

Uttaranchal 120

Index

142

BNHS Mission

Conservation of nature, primarily biological diversity, through actions based on research, education and public awareness

Buceros Vol. 11, No. 1, (2006)

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE BIRDS OF NORTH INDIA

Introduction

This issue of BUCEROS is a part of series of state-wise bibliography of birds of India. In this issue we are dealing with the bibliography of the birds of North India. The bibliography has been extracted from the bibliographic database of Avian Ecology maintained by the ENVIS Centre at Bombay Natural History Society. A bibliography of this type can not be complete and this bibliography is also not an exception. There are limitations on collecting all the pub- lished material on such a vast subject. This bibliography includes only references that are available at the BNHS library.

We have included seven states of North India: Bihar, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal. Hence, the bibliography is divided into seven parts. It is organized according to taxonomic order of the birds following Manakadan & Pittie (2001) Remaining references are categorized under broad headings such as Checklist, Survey, Wetlands ( reservoirs, lakes, ponds). Protected Areas (National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Tiger Reserves, Reserve Forest and Bio- sphere Reserve), Regions (City, Area), Agriculture and Birds, Conservation and Miscellaneous.

Our aim is to bring out ready reference material for amateur and expert birdwatchers. At the end of the bibliography an index has been provided and abbreviations are placed at the beginning on page 1 for quick reference.

Acknowledgement

We gratefully acknowledge the library staffMr. Nishikant Dighe, Miss Pragati Nathgosavi, Mr. Tarendra Singh and Mr. Sadanand Shirsat and Mr. Mervin Femandis for their cooperation during referencing.

References

Manakadan, R. & A. Pittie (2001): Standardized Common and Scientific names of the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. Buceros 6(1) 1-29.

Abbreviations used:

AWB= Asian Wetland Bureau

Blackbuck = Blackbuck (Madras Naturalist Society)

IWRB Spec. = International Waterfowl & Wetland Research Burea

J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. = Journal of Bengal Natural History Society

J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. = Journal of Bombay Natural History Society

Proc. Indian Nat. Sci. Acad. = Proceedings of the Indian National Sciences Academy

WPA News = World Pheasant Association News

J. Yamashina Inst. Orn. = Journal of Yamashina Institute of Ornithology

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BIHAR

Bihar (22° 00' - 27° 45' North and 83° 15' - 88° 30' East) has a geographical area of 94,163 sq. km which constitutes 2.9% of the land area of the country. Bihar has two distinct physiographic regions, namely the Gangetic Plain and the Southern Plateau. The state is watered by four major rivers, the Ganga, the Sone, the Gandak and the Damodar. It was left with the agriculturally rich alluvial Gangetic area when the forest and mineral rich region of Jharkhand in the south became a separate state in 2000. Bihar has a long and impressive history of culture and education.

The aimual rainfall in the state varies from 1,000 mm to 2,000 mm. The temperature ranges from 4 °C to 45 °C. Bihar is the second most populous state of the country. The total population is 82.88 million (8.1% of India’s population), 89.5% of which is rural (2001 census). The population density is 880 per sq. km.

Vegetation

There are three major forest types in undivided Bihar: Tropical Moist Deciduous, Tropical Dry De- ciduous, and Subtropical Broadleaf Hill Forests. Sal Shorea robusta is the major forest species, which covers about 55% of the forest area (Ministry of Environment and Forests 1999).

The Forest Survey of India report of 200 1 , reports that the recorded forest area is 2.92 million ha which constitutes 16.81 % of the geographical area of the State. The Chotanagpur Plateau and the south Bihar Plains covering the southern half of the State are rich in forest resources whereas the Gangetic Plains, which are thickly populated and intensively cultivated, have meager forest resources. The reserved forest constitutes 1 1 .4%, and the protected forest 88.6% of the recorded forest area. The Forest Survey of India report of 2001 has recorded dense forest in northwest, southwest and southern Bihar.

Bihar is basically an agricultural state where nearly 80% people depend on farming or related activi- ties. Thanks to the rich alluvial soil, good rainfall and annual flooding of rivers, most of the forest cover has gone under the plough. As human population density is high, most land holdings are small and intensively used. Bihar used to have, and still has in many areas, a large number of wetlands that are extremely important for waterfowl. The finest example left is the Kabar taal. Most of the smaller wetlands have been drained, encroached upon and/or are under intense human pressure. The larger wetlands, which cannot be drained due to topography, hydrology and annual flooding, are intensively fished, leaving no room for wildlife. Community fishing is a part of the culture and during summer, when agricultural activities are reduced, an entire village could be seen fishing. Ingenious nets and traps are used to catch the smallest fish. This leaves very little food for the fish-eating birds. Tradi- tional trapping of birds is another menace for the waterfowl and other species. Although it has been reduced after the state ban, it still goes on in smaller towns and villages.

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AVIFAUNA

The major area of the State comes under the Gangetic Plain, especially the northern part, where many water- bodies exist that attract migratory waterbirds. However, most of them remain unstudied. One of the Important Bird Area of this region is the Kabar Taal, with a very large congregation of waterbirds during winter months. Chaws of north Bihar have many wetlands where more than 1 00,000 birds congregate. Other congregatoiy sites are Kursela, Kusheshwarsthan, the Mokama Taal (Barah) wetlands, Nagi Dam and Nakti Dam Bird Sanctuary, and the reservoirs of the Chotanagpur Plateau. These sites attract hundreds of thousands of waterbirds in winter.

The key threatened species that are found in Bihar are the Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus, Pallas’s Fish Eagle Haliaeetus leucoryphus. Oriental White-backed Gyps bengalensis and Long-billed Gyps indicus vultures. The Valmiki Tiger Reserve in the terai belt bordering Nepal, could have significant popu- lations of Swamp Francolins Francolinus gularis. There are some records of the Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga from Mokama Taal, and the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni from the Chaurs of Chotanagpur, Danapur and Mokama. These birds are widespread across the country, and are not seen in regular and significant numbers in Bihar.

The Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus is regularly seen in Gogabil, Mokama and the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (Rahmani 1989): Ferruginous Pochard Aythya nyroca is an uncommon duck of Asia and considered Vulnerable by BirdLife International (2001) which is also seen occa- sionally in Bihar.

REFERENCES

Ali, S. & S. D. Ripley (1987): Compact Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan (Second Edition): Oxford University Press, Delhi.

BirdLife International (2001): Threatened Birds of Asia: BirdLife International Red Data Book. Cambridge, U.K. BirdLife International.

Grimmett, R, C. Inskipp & T. Inskipp (1998): Birds of the Indian Subcontinent, Christopher Helm, London.

Jain, P. (2001): Project Tiger Status Report, Project Tiger, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi.

Javed, S. & A. R. Rahmani. (1991): Swamp Francolin in the north Indian terai. WPA News 34: 15-18.

Ministry of Environment and Forests (1999): State of Forest Report 1999. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun.

Ministry of Environment and Forests (2001): State of Forest Report 2001. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun.

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Prakash, V., D. J. Pain, A. A. Cunningham, P. F. Donald, N. Prakash, A. Verma, R. Gargi, S. Sivakumar. & A.R. Rahmani (2003): Catastrophic collapse of Indian White-backed Gyps bengalensis and Long- billed Gyps indicus vulture populations. Biological Conservation 109: 381-390.

Rahmani, A. R. (1989): The status of Black-necked Crane Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus in the In- dian Subcontinent. Forktail 5: 99-1 10.

Rahmani, A. R., G. Narayan, L. Rosalind & R. Sankaran (1990): The status of the Bengal Florican in India. In\ Status and Ecology of Bengal and Lesser Florican with reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail. Final Report, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai. Pp. 55-78.

Shahi, S. P. (1982): Bird massacre in Manjhaul. Hornbill 3: 17-22.

Sundar, K. S. G, J. Kaur & B. C. Choudhury (2000): Distribution, demography and conservation status of the Indian Sarus Crane {Grus antigone antigone) in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 97(3): 319- 339.

The information given above is obtained from ^'‘Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation'’’’ (Islam & Rahmani 2004).

Islam, M.Z. & A.R. Rahmani (2004): Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation, Indian Bird Conservation Network: Bombay Natural History Society and BirdLife International (UK): Pp. xxvii+1133.

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Bibliography

Grebes

Bhaduri, A.S. (1978): Dabchicks in a village jheel. Hornbill 1978 (January-March): 23. Cormorants/Shags

Ripley, S.D. (1962): Unusual plumage of the Little Cormorant, Phalacrocorax niger (Vieillot). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 59(1): 285-286.

Herons, Egrets & Bitterns

George, P. V. (1967): On the occurrence of the Great Whitebellied Heron Ardea insignis Hume in Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 64: 366-367.

Meredith, H.R. (1920): Egret and lizard. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27(1): 172.

Yasmin, S. (1996): A heronry in the heart of a city. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 78.

Storks

Choudhary, D.N. & T.K. Ghosh (2004): Sighting of Greater Adjutant Storks in the Wetlands of north Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 44(4): 62-63.

Choudhary, S.K., S. Dey & A. Mitra (2004): Sighting of the Greater Adjutant- Stork Leptoptilos dubius in Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin sanctuary Bihar, India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 101(2): 313-314.

Grabh, R. B. & P. B. Shekar (1968): Black-necked Stork {Xenorhynchus asiaticus) and the mar- riage of Mirshikars. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(3): 1-2.

Yasmin, S. (1997): Storks seeking army protection in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37: 15. Flamingos

Inglis, C. M. (1908); The Flamingo {Phoenicopterus roseus) in the Darbhanga district, Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 683.

Inglis, C. M. (1919): Further occurrence of the Rose-coloured Starling {Pastor roseus) and the Flamingo {Phoenicopterus roseus) in the Darbhanga district, Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 26: 853.

Swans, Geese & Ducks

Abdulali, H, (1968): A catalogue of the birds in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society-2. Anseriformes. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 65(2): 418-430.

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Ali, S. (1978): ‘Mystery’ birds of India-4; The Pinkheaded Duck {Rhodonessa caryophyllaced). Hornbill 1978 (April-June): 4-7.

Ara, J. (1950): Tameness of wild Grey Lag Goose taken as adults. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 552.

Ara, J. (1960): In search of the Pinkheaded Duck [Rhodonessa caryophyllacea (Latham)]. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 57: 415-416.

Bucknell, J. A. (1926): Occurrence of the Sheldrake {Tadorna tadorna) in Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31: 224.

Choudhary, S.K. (1998): Large Whistling Teal. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3^{2): 33.

D’Abreu, E. A. (1938): The occurrence of the Turnstone, the Red-necked Phalarope, the Falcated Teal and the Sheldrake at Patna. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 332.

Dutton, H. R. (1930): Occurrence of the Baikal Teal (Nettion formosum) in the Durbhanga district, N. Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34: 578.

Editors (1948): The Dwarf or Lesser Whiteffonted Goose [Anser erythropus (L.)] in India: an authentic record? J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47(4): 747-748.

George, P. V. (1964): Possibilities of ringing waders and ducks in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers A{3y 11.

Goodall, A. (1893): Escape of Black Swans. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 8: 327.

Sen Gupta, P. K. (1962): Occurrence of waders in Patna - 1948-51. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2{\\): 1-4.

Harman, A. C. (1943): Duck shooting in North Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 96-101.

Harman, A. C. (1932): Occurrence of the Golden Eye {Glaucionetta clangula) in the Champaran district. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 35: 899-900.

Inglis, C. M. (1899): Note on the White-eyed Duck Nyroca ferruginea and the Tufted Duck N. fuligula.J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12(4): 775.

Inglis, C. M. (1900a): Occurrence of the Bronze-capped Teal in Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 13: 186.

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Inglis, C.M. (1900b): Further note on the occurrence of the Bronze Capped Teal Euneta falcata in Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 13(2): 378.

Inglis, C. M. (1902): Occurrence of the Sheldrake T. cornuta and the Goosander M. castor in the Darbhanga District, Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 393.

Inglis, C. M. (1903): Late stay of the Sheldrake {Tadorna cornuta) in the Tirhut and peculiar form of albinism in the Common Heron (Ardea cinerea). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 350.

Inglis, C. M. (1907a): Early arrival of duck. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 825.

Inglis, C.M.( 1907b): The Bronze-capped Teal (E’wwetoT&Zcflto) in Tirhut J BombayNat Hist Soc. 17: 1015.

Inglis, C. M. (1916a): Early arrival of the Sheldrake {Tadorna cornuta, Linn.) in the Darbhanga District, Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 367.

Inglis, C. M. (1916b): Notes on a few ducks in the Dharbhanga district, Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 600.

Inglis, C. M, (1916c): The late stay of the Sheldrake {T. cornuta) in the Darbhanga District, Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 825.

Inglis, C. M. (1918): Arrival of duck and teal in the Dharbhanga district, Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 499.

Inglis, C. M. (1928): Occurrence of the Sheldrake {Tadorna tadorna) in the Darbhanga district, Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 799-800.

Inglis, C. M. (1930): First Indian record of the Eastern Grey Duck {Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha, Swinhoe) and the occurrence of the Eastern White-eye {Nyroca rufa baeri Radde) in Bihar. J. BombayNat. Hist. Soc. 34: 810.

Inglis, C. M. (1932): The distribution of the Eastern Grey Duck {Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyn- cha). J. BombayNat. Hist. Soc. 35(3): 687.

Inglis, C. M. (1940): Records of some rare or uncommon geese, ducks and other water birds in north Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 56-60.

Inglis, C. M. (1942): Records of some rare or uncommon geese, ducks and other water birds in North Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 9-12, 56-58.

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Inglis, C. M. (1943): Records of some rare or uncommon geese, ducks and other water birds in north Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 7-10.

Inglis, C.M. (1945): Further occurrence of the Baikal Teal {Nettion formosum) in north Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 20(1): 35.

Inglis, C. M. (1946): Records of rare and uncommon geese, ducks and other waterbirds and waders in N. Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 76-84.

Inglis, C. M. (1952): Record of Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha in India. Ibis 94: 370.

Martin, T.F. (1998): The whisting teals in our domain. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(4): 66-67.

Monahan, G. J. (1909): Occurrence of the Baikal or Clucking Teal in north Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19: 526.

Munns, F. A. C. (1927): Further record of occurrence of Sheldrake (Tadorna tadorna) in Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 222.

Munns, F. A. C. (1944): Duck shooting at Rarhia, Champaran district, N. Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 19.

Murphy, P. (1927): Occurrence of the Sheldrake in Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 221.

Murphy, P. (1933): Occurrence of the Baikal or Clucking Teal {Nettion formosum [Georgi]) at Katihar, Bengal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 36: 1008-1009.

Parr, C. I. (1935): The Bronze-capped Teal in the Samastipur district, Bengal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 38: 195.

Prater, S. H. (1925): Occurrence of the Scaup Duck {Fuligula marilla) in northern India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 703.

Reuben, D. E. (1945): On the occurrence of the Clucking Teal {Nettion formosum) in the Monghyr District. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 45: 609-610.

Singh, K.P. (1962): Pinkheaded Duck. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(11): 13.

Singh, L. P. (1966): The Pinkheaded Duck [Rhodonessa caryophyllacea (Latham)] again. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 440.

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Hawks, Eagles, Buzzards, Old World Vultures, Kites, Harriers

Abdulali, H. (1968): A catalogue of the birds in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society-3. Falconiformes. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65(3): 696-723.

Akhtar, A. (1976): The decline of raptors. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(9): 13.

Choudhary, S.K., S.K. Tiwari, S. Dey & S. Dey (2005): Indian White-backed Vulture Gyps bengalensis nesting in Sakrohar village, Khagaria district, Bihar, India. Indian Birds 1(4): 90.

D’Abreu, E. A. (191 1): Nesting habits of the Common Pariah Kite (Milvus govinda). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 854.

Munns, F.A.C. (1928): Pallas’ Fishing Eagle Haliaeetus leucoryphus killing Crane. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 33(1): 207.

Singh, K.P. (1970): The King Vulture Torgos calvus: a vanishing species in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(4): 12.

Pheasants, Partridges, Quails

Inglis, C. M. (1921a): Snaring Quail in North Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 947-948.

Inglis, C. M. (1921b): Breeding of the Kyah or Marsh Partridge (Francolinus gularis) in captivity in Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 287.

Inglis, C. M. (1923): Further notes on snaring quail in north Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 565-566.

MacDonald, A. (1 930): Late stay of Grey Quail {Cotumix cotwnix) in Bihar. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 34: 255. Rails, Crakes, Moorhens, Coots

Campbell, W. H. (1902): Nesting of the Coot {Fulica atra). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 392-393.

Choudhary, D.N. (2005): Breeding behaviour and nesting of Indian Moorhen and Night Heron in the Laluchack Pond, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 45(4): 54-55.

Dalgliesh, G. (1907): Nesting of the Coot {Fulica atra) in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17(4): 1013..

Inglis, C. M. (1900): Occurrence of the Water-Rail (Rallus aquaticus) in Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat Hist. Soc. 13: 379.

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Bustards

Yahya, H.S.A. (1990): An assessment of the present distribution and population status of the Lesser Florican. In: Conservation in developing countries: Problems and prospects. (Eds: Daniel, J.C. & J.S. Serrao). Bombay Natural History Society : 446-455.

Jacanas

Inglis, C.M. (1920): Abnormal coloured egg of the Pheasant-tailed Jacana. {Hydrophasianus chirurgus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27(2): 403.

LaPersonne, V. S. (1934): A note on the appendages and barbs on the wings of the Pheasant-tailed Jacana [Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scop.)]. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 37: 733.

Plovers, Dotterels, Lapwings

Inglis, C.M. (1909): Occurrence ofthe Peewit (Fa«e//ws'v^af«e//iiS') in TirhutJ BombayNat. Hist Soc. 19:262.

Sandpipers, Stints, Snipes, Godwits & Curlews

Abdulali, H. (1970): A catalogue of the birds in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society-6. Scolopacinae. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 67(1): 51-56.

Augier, P. W. (1935): Abundance of the Fantail and Pintail Snipe. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 37: 956.

D’Abreu, E. A. (1937): Notes on the sandpipers in the Patna district, Behar, recording the occur- rence of Avocet Sandpiper, the Curlew Stint and the Broadbilled Stint from inland localities. J. BombayNat. Hist. Soc. 39: 419-420.

D’Abreu, E. A. (1938): The occurrence of the Turnstone, the Red-necked Phalarope, the Falcated Teal and the Sheldrake at Patna. J. BombayNat. Hist. Soc. 40: 332.

George, P. V. (1965): Occurrence of the Longtoed Stint Calidris subminutus in north Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 62: 302.

George, P. V. (1964): Possibilities of ringing waders and ducks in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(3): 1 1 .

Sen Gupta, P. K. (1962): Occurrence of waders in Patna - 1948-51. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(11): 1-4.

Phalaropes

D’Abreu, E. A. (1938): The occurrence of the Turnstone, the Red-necked Phalarope, the Falcated Teal and the Sheldrake at Patna. J. BombayNat. Hist. Soc. 40: 332.

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Coursers & Pratincoles

Inglis, C. M. (1913): Breeding of the Indian Courser {Cursorius coromandelicus) in the Darbhanga district./. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 631.

Gulls, Terns & Noddies

Inglis, C. M. (1898): Breeding of the Whiskered Tern {Hydrochelidon hybrida) in the Darbhanga district, Tirhoot. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12: 414,

Inglis, C.M. (1 899): The Whiskered Tern Hydrochelidon hybrida. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 12(4); 774.

Inglis, C. M. (1902): Occurrence of the Sooty Tern (Sterna fuliginosa) in the Darbhanga district,

Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 627-628.

Pigeons & Doves

Ara, J. (1958): Variation in the output of song of a Spotted Dove, Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 55: 161-166.

Inglis, C. M. (1898): Occurrence of the Eastern Stock Pigeon (Columba eversmannii) in the Madhubani sub-division, Darbhanga, Tirhoot. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12: 429.

Mooney, H.F. (1934): Occurrence of the Purple Wood-Pigeon Alsocomus puniceus (Tickell.) in Singhbhum District, Bihar and Orissa. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 37(3): 735.

Cuckoos, Malkohas & Coucals

Abdulali, H. (1956): Some notes on the plumages of Centropus sinensis (Stephens). J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 54: 183-185.

Ara, J. (1953): Koel mimicking Golden Oriole. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 51: 505-506.

Ara, J. (1963): Cuckoos in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(1): 4-5.

Krishna, M.B. (1976): Onset of brain fever. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(7): 11.

Munns, F. A. C. (1938): On cuckoos in Sugaon, Champaran district, Bengal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 576-577.

Singh, K.P. (1967): Pied Crested Cuckoo. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(8): 11.

Owls

Inglis, C.M. (1901): Snaring O'wls in nooses. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 13(4): 700.

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Swifts

Inglis, C. M. (1898): Occurrence of the Alpine Swift {Cypselus melba) in the Darbhanga district, Tirhut. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12: 414.

Kirkpatrick, K.M. (1950): Peculiar roosting site of the House Swift {Micropus affinis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49(3): 551-552.

Lowther, E.H.N. (1936): Notes on some Indian birds. Indian Crested Swift. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 39(1): 116-124.

Kingfishers

Hore, B.B., P.N. Mehrotra & H. Hore (1991): The rituals of egg laying in Indian White Breasted King- fisher. Zoo's Print Journal 6(7): 9-10.

Inglis, C. M. (1900): Occurrence of the Black-capped Kingfisher {Halcyon pileata) in Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 13: 379.

Inglis, C. M. (1928): The Black-capped Kingfisher {Halcyon pileata) in the Darbhanga district, Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 798-799.

Bee-eaters

Ajana (1981): Chestnutheaded Bee Eater in Hazaribagh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(5): 16-17.

Ara, J. (195 1): Distribution of the Blue-bearded Bee-eater [Nyctiornis athertoni (Jardine & Selby)]. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(1): 175-176.

Iman, S. (1981): Chestnutheaded Bee Eater, Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(6): 12,

Sakhua, B. S. (1996): Do Green Bee-eaters pair for life? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 87. Sharma, A. (1999): ‘Water bath’ for Little Green Bee-eaters. Hornbill 1999(4): 25.

Rollers

Dalgliesh, G. (191 1): Roller catching its prey in the water. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20(3): 853.

Gupta, S. (1976): Indian Rollers, Black Drongos, etc., feeding at night. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(9): 13.

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Hornbills

Lowther, E. H. N. (1942): Notes on some Indian birds. VII. Hornbills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 389-401.

Barbels

Singh, B. (2000): Chance insights into the behaviour of Barbets, Woodpeckers and a Flycatcher. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(3): 32-33.

Singh, K. (1978): Damage caused by barbets. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(6): 12-13. Woodpeckers

Singh, B. (2000): Chance insights into the behaviour of Barbets, Woodpeckers and a Flycatcher. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(3): 32-33.

Pittas

Inglis, C. M. (1920): Re-occurrence of the Indian Pitta {Pitta brachyura) in the Darbhanga district, Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 402.

Larks

Ara, J. (1967): Larks. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(4): 4-7.

Swallows & Martins

Abdulali, H. ( 1 975): On the validity of Riparia riparia indica Ticehurst and extension of range of Riparia riparia ijimae (Lonnberg). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 72(3): 853-854.

Wagtails & Pipits

Ara, J. (1974): Visiting wagtails of Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(2): 2-6, 14(3): 3-5.

Dutta, A.K. (1978): Wagtails and the Brown Shrike. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(11): 10-11.

Inglis, C. M. (1913): The Forest Wagtail {Limonidromus indicus) in the Darbhanga district, Tirhoot. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 625.

Bulbuls & Finchbills

Raza, R. H. (1993): Sighting of Black Bulbul Hypsipetes madagascariensis (P.L.S. Muller) in Gaya, Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90(2): 291.

Shrikes

Dutta, A.K. (1978): Wagtails and the Brown Shrike. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(11): 10-11.

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Inglis, C. M. (1 9 1 3): The Pale-brown Shrike {Lanius isabellinus) in the Darbhanga district. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 625.

Inglis, C. M. ( 1 9 1 6): Occurrence of the Bay-backed Shrike {Lanius vittatus Val.) and the late stay of the Sheldrake (Tadorna cornuta, Gmel.) in the Dharbhanga district, Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 824-825.

Kartha, V. G. (1970): The Brown Shrike in Bhilai. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(1): 2-4.

Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails, Wheatears

Hume, A.O. (1880): Additional notes on some of our Indian Stonechats. Stray Feathers 9(1,2&3): 133-137.

Inglis, C. M. (1909): Note on the Slaty-blue Flycatcher (Cyornis leucomelanurus) and the Com- mon Rubythroat {Calliope camtschatkensis) in Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19: 259.

Singh, B. (1999): An assembly of Indian Robins. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39 (6): 90-91.

Flycatchers

Ara, J. (1962): Whitebrowed Blue Flycatcher, Muscicapa superciliaris. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(9): 2-3.

Inglis, C. M. (1906): Occurrence of the Indian Red-breasted Flycatcher {Siphia hyperythra) in Bengal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 520.

Inglis, C. M. (1909): Note on the Slaty-blue Flycatcher {Cyornis leucomelanurus) and the Com- mon Rubythroat {Calliope camtschatkensis) in Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19: 259.

Singh, B. (2000): Postscripts on Flycatchers. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(5): 70.

Singh, B. (2000): Chance insights into the behaviour of Barbets, Woodpeckers and a Flycatcher. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(3): 32-33.

Sunbirds & Spiderhunters

Singh, K.P. (1969): ‘Birds of Barh’ - Purple Sunbird. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(10): 9.

Munias (Estrildid Finches)

Inglis, C. M (1910): Note on the Spotted Munia {Uroloncha punctulata) and the Indian Red Munia {Sporaeginthus amandava). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20(2): 517-518.

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Sparrows & Snowfinches

Kirkpatrick, K.M. (1950): Peculiar roosting site of the House Swift {Micropus affinis). J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49(3): 551-552.

Weavers

Ara, J. (1963): All day watch on a male Baya. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(11): 5-7.

Starlings & Mynas

Inglis, C. M. (1 919): Further occurrence of the Rose-coloured Starling {Pastor roseus) and the Flamingo {Phoenicopterus roseus) in the Darbhanga district, Behar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 853.

Kirkpatrick, K.M. (1950): Common Mynah {Acridotheres tristis) nesting in the nest of Pied Mynah {Sturnopaster contra). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49(3): 550-551.

Sengupta, S. (1976): Food and feeding ecology of the Common Myna, Acridotheres tristis (Linn.). Proc. Indian Nat. Sci. Acad. (B) 42: 338-345.

Singh, K.P. (1977): The Grey-headed Mynah. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 17(6): 7.

Orioles

Ara, J. (1953): Koel mimicking Golden Oriole. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 51: 505-506.

Yahya, S. A. (1 981 ): Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus feeding a fledgeling Cuckoo {Cuculus sp.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78(2): 379-380.

Drongos

Gupta, S. (1976): Indian Rollers, Black Drongos, etc., feeding at night Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(9): 13. Crows, Jays, Treepies, Magpies

Bulu Imam, A.R.H. (1988): Golden brown Jungle Crow. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 28(5-6): 18-20.

Bulu Imam, A.R.H. (1997): Third golden Crow in Hazaribagh, South Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37(2): 30.

Khacher, L. (1997): Comments on previous articles: the golden Crow. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37(3): 44.

Krishna, M.B. (1976): Crow’s cache Corvus splendens. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(7): 11. Singh, K.P. (1971): Crows as destroyers of mosquitoes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(1): 15.

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Protected areas

Anon (1977): Dalma wildlife sanctuary to be inaugurated. Tigerpaper 4(2): 12.

Ara, J. (1949): Wildlife reserves in India: Bihar Province. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48(2): 283-289.

Ara, J. (1953): Field notes on the birds of the Kolhan Forest Division (Singbhum District, Bihar). J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 9-20, 56-57.

Ara, J. (1956): Birds of the Bihar forests. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 7-15, 90-98.

Wetlands

Ali, S. (1959): Local movements of resident waterbirds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56(2): 346-347. Ali, S.M. (1994): Kaber Lake, Bihar, India. Tigerpaper 21(2): 20.

Anon (1947): Birds at our bird bath at Baghownie, North Bihar. J BengalNat. Hist. Soc. 21: 134-136.

Anon. (1949): Further notes on our bird bath at Baghownie in North Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 53-57.

Region

Ara, J.(1976): A comparison of the birdlife of Kechki and Horhap in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(4): 5-8.

Ara, J. ( 1 960) : A cursory ecological survey of the flora and fauna of the Hazaribagh National Park (Bihar). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 57(2): 325-338.

Ara, J. (1965): Birdwatching in Patna. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(9): 9.

Ara, J. (1966): Hazaribagh National Park (Bihar) re-visited. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63(1): 123-138.

Ara, J. (1969): Avifauna of Singhbhum. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(9): 1-5.

Ball, V. (1874): On the avifauna of Chutia (Chota) Nagpur division, S.W. frontier of Bengal. Stray Feathers 2: 355-440.

Ball, V. (1875): Avifauna of Chota Nagpur. Addenda et corrigenda. Stray Feathers 3: 288-294. Banerjee, S. (1996): The magic of Palamau. Sanctuary Asia 16(5): 50-53.

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Inglis, C. M. (1 90 1 ): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 1 3(4): 62 1 -63 1 .

Inglis, C. M. (1902a): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part H. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14(1): 132-139.

Inglis, C. M. (1902b): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part IE, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14(2): 362-371.

Inglis, C. M. (1902c): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part fV. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14(3): 554-563.

Inglis, C. M. (1903a): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part V. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14(4): 764-771 .

Inglis, C. M. (1903b): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part VI. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15(1): 70-77.

Inglis, C. M. (1903c): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part VH. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 1 5(2): 337-343.

Inglis, C. M. (1904): The birds of the Madhubani subdivision of the Darbhanga district, Tirhut, with notes on species noted elsewhere in the district. Part VIE. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(1): 70-75.

Inglis, C. M. (1909): On the occurrence of certain birds in the Darbhanga district, Tirhut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19: 522.

Inglis, C. M. (1947a): Birds at our bird bath at Baghownie, North Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 35-45.

Inglis, C.M. (1947b): Birds at our birdbath at Baghownie, North Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 21(4): 134-136, 22(2): 35-45.

Inglis, C. M. (1948): Further notes on our bird bath at Baghownie in North Bihar. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 23: 59-63.

Kansal, K.C. (1977): On a collection of birds from Patna District (Bihar). Newsletter for Zoologi- cal Survey of India 2{A)\ 178-183.

Kartha, V. G. (1973): Birds inside a steel plant. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(12): 6-8.

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Kumar, A. (1978): Birds of the Dalma Hill. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1 8(6): 2-6.

Kumar, A. (1979): No birds in Dalma Hills. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(1): 10-1 1 .

Lowther, E.H.N. (1940): Notes on some Indian birds. IV. The Manbhum District. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 41(3): 526-547.

Mitra, A. (1978): Birds at Sindri township. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(6): 9-11.

Rahmani, A. R. & Q. Qurieshi (1991): The threatened terai. Sanctuary Asia 11(4): 12-29, 65-71. Ray, D. (1969): ‘Birds of Singhbhum.’ Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(10): 10.

Sen Gupta, P. K. (1 962): Occurrence of waders in Patna - 1 948-5 1 . Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(1 1 ): 1 -4. Shahi, S. P. (1982): Birds massacre in Manjhaul. Hornbill 1982(3): 17-22.

Singh, K.P. 1972): Birdwatching from a veranda. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(3): 11.

Singh, K.P. (1974): Birdwatching in Kosi floods. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(1 1): 9-10. Sinha, K. T. (1995): Birds of Pumea, Bihar. Cheetal 34(2): 18-29.

Spillett, J. J. (1966): A report on wild life surveys in north India and southern Nepal January-June 1966. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 492-628.

Subba, B. R., V. Prakash & U. P. Sharma ( 1 996): Birding in Bhagalpur University Campus, Bhagalpur (Bihar). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 6-7.

Swami, V.N. (1971): Birds of Jamshedpur. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(6): 4-5.

Yahya, S. (1993): Important wetlands of North Bihar, North India. In: Wetland and Waterfowl Conser- vation in South and West Asia. Proc. Int. Symp., Karachi, Pakistan. 1 4-20 December 1991. (Eds: Moser, M. & J. Van Vessem) IWRB, Slimbridge, UK, 51. (IWRB Special Publication No. 25. 1993).

Conservation

Sharma, U. P. (1993): Vanishing migratory birds of Kawar Lake (Begusarai) Bihar: conservation and management. In: Bird conservation, strategies for the 90s and beyond (Eds.: Verghese, A., S. Sridhar & A.K. Chakravarty). Ornithological Society of India, Bangalore: 83-86.

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Miscellaneous

Ajana (1981): Red letter days in Hazaribagh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(9-10): 16-17.

Ajana (1982): Adventures with a nesting box. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(5-6): 2-5.

Anon (1952): Bird migration in India. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 949.

Anon (1964): Recovery of ringed birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 61: 451.

Anon (1988): The Palamau Tiger Reserve. Sanctuary Asia 8(2): 38-39.

Anon (1990): The birds of Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(9&10): 1-2.

Ara, J. (1951): Duration of song in some common birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(1): 179-181. Ara, J. (1966): Bird amazons. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(6): 2-4.

Ara, J. (1967): Social life. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(5): 4-5.

Ara, J. (1977): The interior. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 17(5): 4~8.

Baillie, R.H. (1946): Hazaribagh bird recordings. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 20:1 1 1, 127.

Dutta (1979): What can this be? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(3): 9.

Forsyth, J. (1889): The highlands of central India: notes on their forests and wild tribes, natural history and sports. London: Chapman & Hall. Pp. 475.

George, P. V. (1964): Notes on migrant birds of north Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 61: 370-384.

Inglis, C. M. (1898): Autumnal arrivals. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12: 774-775.

Iyer, S. (1989): Feedback. Hornbill 1989(2): 24.

Jameson, S. (1969): Birds seen in our garden in Disergarh - February and March 1969. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(6): 7-8.

Khacher, L. (1979): Comments on the March Newsletter: What can this be? By Dr. Dutta page 9. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(4): 13.

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Kirkpatrick, K.M. (1954): Aboriginal methods employed in killing and capturing game. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 52(2&3): 285-300.

Krishnaswami, S. & N.S. Chowhan (1957): A note on insects consumed as food by squirrels and birds at Kundri Forest, Palamau District, Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 54(2): 457-459.

Krishnaswami, S., N.S Chauhan & P.S. Negi (1957): Studies on non-insect enemies of lac, with special reference to squirrels and birds as serious seasonal predators. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 54(4): 887-907.

Law, S.C, (1948): Observations on Capt. Baillie's Hazaribagh bird recordings. J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc. 23:5-11,44-49, 99-103.

Lowther, E. H. N. (1940): Notes on some Indian birds. V. The sportsman’s gallery. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 41: 765-777.

MacDonald, A. St. J. (1950): Scent of game-birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 556.

Mathew, D.N. (1971): A review of the recovery data obtained by the Bombay Natural History Society’s Bird Migration Study Project. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 68(1): 65-85.

Mehrotra, P. N. (1962): A note on the sexuality of the right ovary in birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 59: 291-293.

Singh, K. (1968): Correspondence. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(3): 8.

Singh, K.P. (1969): Birds of Barh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(5): 5.

Verma, K. (1987): Murder most foul! Sanctuary Asia 7(1): 89-91.

Yahya, H. S. A. (1999): Miscellaneous notes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(1): 13.

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DELHI

Delhi (28^^ 25' to 28° 52’ N and 76° 50’to 77° 2 1 ’ E) is the capital of India. It has an area of 1 ,483,00 ha. The State is divided into two main ecological zones, an extension of the Aravalli Hills and the Plains. The Yamuna river, where a large number of waterbirds congregate during winter, is the main source of water. Delhi experiences extreme temperatures. Winter temperatures can fall as low as 2 °C, while the mercury soars to an uncomfortable 48 °C in summer. Delhi falls in a semi-arid zone so the rainfall is low, reaching a maximum of 600 mm.

The human population of the State is 1 3 .78 million (200 1 census) with a density of 9,294 persons per sq. km, which is the highest density in the country. The urban population is 93% and the rural population 7%.

VEGETATION

Despite dense human population, Delhi does have some natural forests, especially on what is known as the Ridge. The forest type is Tropical Dry Deciduous. The total recorded forest area is 8,500 ha. The reserved forest is 7,800 ha. and the protected and other forests cover 700 ha. The main forest occurs in the southeastern districts of the State, where mainly dense and open forests are found (Ministry of Environment and Forests 2001):

Important Bird Areas and Protected Areas

Delhi has a fully notified Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary spread over about 2,760 ha. It was notified in 1 986. Delhi is divided into nine districts, two of which, the Northeast and East are situated on the banks of River Yamuna. This part of the Yamuna is important for migratory waterbirds, along with the Okhla barrage, which extends to the Okhla Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh, identified as an Important Bird Area.

The Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) side of Okhla has already been declared as a bird sanctuary and lies on the border of Delhi in the Gautam Buddha Nagar district near the Okhla village. This Sanctuary comes under the Irrigation Department (Uttar Pradesh): On May 8, 1990 the U. P. Government declared 4000 ha of land as protected area for a bird sanctuary under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1 972.

Avifauna

Despite its dense human population, Delhi is a birdwatcher’s paradise, thanks to old avenue trees, a large number of parks, historical monuments with gardens, colonial bungalows with large lawns, and the famous Delhi Ridge. More than 400 species of birds have been identified till now (Devasar 2002), including some rare ones such as the Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis. Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus and Indian Skimmer Rynchops albicollis. The Delhi Region also has a very active Delhi Bird Club, whose members regularly go bird-watching and new species are added to the checklist.

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REFERENCES

Devasar, N. (2002): Checklist of the birds of Delhi and adjoining areas. Delhibird -The Northern Indian Bird Network.

Ministry of Environment and Forests (2001): State of Forest Report 2001. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun.

Urfi, A. J. (1993): The birdlife of Okhla. Sanctuary Asia 13(5): 50-53.

Urfi, A. J. (2003): The birds of Okhla Barrage Bird Sanctuary, Delhi, India. Forktail 19: 39-50

The information given above is obtained from Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation'’’ (Islam & Rahmani 2004).

Islam, M.Z. & A.R. Rahmani (2004): Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation. Indian Bird Conservation Network: Bombay Natural History Society and Birdlife International (UK): Pp. xxvii+1133.

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Bibliography

Pelicans

Malhotra, A.K. (1991): A success story of White or Rosy Pelicans {Pelecanus onocrotalus). Zoo ’s Print Journal 6(7): 14.

Herons, Egrets & Bitterns

Urfi, A. J. (1993): Heronries in the Delhi region of India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 17: 19-21. Storks

Desai, J. H., R. V. Shah & G. K. Menon (1974): Diet and food requirements of Painted Storks at the breeding colony in the Delhi Zoological Park. Pavo 12: 13-23.

Desai, J.H., G.K. Menon & R.V. Shah (1978): Studies on the reproductive pattern of the Painted Stork Ibis leucocephalus (Pennant). Pavo 15(1&2): 1-32.

Urfi, A. J. (1989a): Painted Storks of the Delhi Zoo. Sanctuary Asia 9(4): 26-33.

Urfi, A. J. (1989b): Painted SXoxkMycteria leucocephala (Pennant) swallowing a snake. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 86(1): 96.

Urfi, A. J. ( 1 990): Mysterious disappearance of Painted Storks from Delhi Zoo heronries and abrupt termination of their breeding. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(5 & 6): 3-5.

Urfi, A. J. (1992): Bijana Peepul: a new breeding site for Painted Stork discovered in Delhi region. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(1 1 & 12): 10-11.

Urfi, A. J. (1993): Breeding patterns of Painted Storks (Mycteria leucocephala Pennant) at Delhi Zoo, India. Colonial Waterbirds\6: 95-97.

Swans, Geese & Ducks

Desai, J. H. (1971): Note on breeding of Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea (Pallas) at Delhi Zoological Park. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 68: 243.

Dharmakumarsinhji, R.S. (1975): A Whiteheaded Duck. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 15(1): 9.

Lewis, E. S. (1938): Bewick’s Swan {Cygnus bewickii Yarrell) near Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 333.

Urfi, A.J. (1997): The Status of the Barheaded Goose in Delhi and the Adjoining Areas of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Ecological Society 10: 10-12.

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Hawks, Eagles, Buzzards, Old World Vultures, Kites, Harriers

Desai, J. H. & A. K. Malhotra (1979); Breeding biology of the Pariah Kite Milvus migrans at Delhi Zoological Park. Ibis 121: 320-325.

Desai, J. H. & A. K. Malhotra ( 1 982): Annual gonadal cycle of Black Kite Milvus migrans govinda. J. Yamashina Inst. Orn. 14(2-3): 143-150.

Galushin, V. M. (1971): A huge urban population of birds of prey in Delhi, India (preliminary note). Ibis 113: 522.

Malhotra, A.K. ( 1 990): Site fidelity and power of recognition in Pariah Kite Milvus migrans govinda. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 87(3): 458.

Pheasants, Partridges, Quails

Bedi, R. (1968): Rain Quail. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(12): 12.

Edwards, D.B. (1933): Nesting of the Grey Partridge (Francolinus pondicerianus Gmelin). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 36(2): 512.

Ganguli,U. (1965): A Peahen nests on a roof. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(4): 4-6.

Rails, Crakes, Moorhens, Coots

Donahue, J. P. & U. Ganguli (1963). Crake-watching in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(10): 5-7. Urfi, A. J. (1993): Coot feeding on Water Hyacinth. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90(3): 507-508.

Plovers, Dotterels, Lapwings

Bhatnagar, R.K. (1978): Interaction of a Redwattled Lapwing and a dog. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(1): 9.

Desai, J. H. & A. K. Malhotra (1976): A note on incubation period and reproductive success of the Redwattled Lapwing, Vanellus indicus at Delhi Zoological Park. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 73: 392-394.

Ganguli, U. (1965): The Large Sand Plover (Charadrius leschenaultii) in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(8): 5-6.

Jackson, P. (1976): Redwattled Lapwing. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(3): 11-12.

Koshy, M.S. (1989): Lapwings on a roof. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(7-8): 7.

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Phalaropes

Alexander, H. G. (1953): Rednecked Phalarope near Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 5 1 : 507.

Gulls, Terns & Noddies

Alexander, H. G. (1950): Possible occurrence of the Black Tern, Chlidonias niger (L.) near Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 120.

Per Alstom (1993): Common Gull Larus canus Linnaeus recorded in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90(3): 509-510.

Donahue, J. P. & U. Ganguli (1965): Notes on a colony of the Whiskered Tern [Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas)] in Delhi, with comments on its breeding status in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 62: 254-258.

Menon, V., T. Gandhi, M. Aggarwal & R. Thadani (1995): Slenderbilled Gull Larus genei Breme in New Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 92: 419.

Skimmers

Menon, V. & T. Gandhi (1992): Sighting of Skimmer at Najafgarh, Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(7 & 8): 17.

Pigeons & Doves

Donahue, J.P. (1962): Speed of birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(11): 12.

Donahue, J.P. (1962): Speed of flight of birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(12): 20.

Parakeets & Hanging-Parrots

Bhargava, R. & F. Hanfee (1996): Sighting of a yellow Roseringed Parakeet. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36(4): 81.

Singh, J.L. (2000): Alexandrine parakeets in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(3): 39.

Cuckoos, Malkohas & Coucals

Bagwell Purefoy, A.E. (1947): The Koel [Eudynamys scolopaceus (Linn.)] as an egg-stealer. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46(4): 723.

David, A. (1965): The habit of the Koel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(4): 10.

Kingfishers

Sen, S.N. (1944): Food of the White-breasted Kingfisher {Halcyon smyrnensis fusca). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44(3): 475.

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Bee-eaters

Donahue, J.P. (1962): Bee-eaters. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2( 1 2): 1 8.

Hutson, H.P.W. (1947): On the migrations of Merops apiaster Linnaeus and Merops superciliosus Linnaeus in the Middle East and India. Ibis 89(2): 291-300.

Barbets

Ali,S (1963): Fatality to Barbets flying against walls. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(6): 11.

Urfi, A. J. (1988): Observation on the nesting of Green Barbet in a Delhi garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 28(1 1 & 12): 4-5.

Woodpeckers

Ganguli,U. (1962): The Wryneck. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(6): 6-8.

Larks

Kelsey, M. (2004): Sight record of Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris near Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 101(2): 321.

Wagtails & Pipits

Jackson, P. F. R. (1965): Whiteheaded Yellow Wagtail [Motacilla flava leucocephala (Przewalski)] near Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 62: 304-305.

Sharma, S. (2005): White-headed Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava leucocephala Przevalski near Delhi, India. Indian Birds 1(3): 70-71.

Bulbuls & Finchbills

Gaston, A. J. (1972): Black Bulbuls Hypsipetes madagascariensis (P. L. S. Miller) in Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 69: 651-652.

Shrikes

Desai, J. H. & A. K. Malhotra (1986): Breeding biology of the Baybacked Shrike {Lanius vittatus) at National Zoological Park, New Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83: 200-202.

Tyabji, N. S. (1963): Nesting activities of the Baybacked Shrike: observations made in the Lodi Gardens, New Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(2): 5-8.

Tyabji, N.S. (1980a): Nesting activities of the Baybacked Shrike - Lodi Gardens New Delhi - Part- I. Mayura 1(1): 3-5.

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Tyabji,N.S. (1980b): Nesting activities ofthe Bay backed Shrike-Lodi Gardens: New Delhi (Part-II): Mayura 1(34): 6^8.

Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails, Wheatears

Reeves, S.K. (1965): A note on the Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(5): 7.

Sridharan, E. (1 98 1 ): The Redtailed Wheatear (Oenanthe xanthoprymna) in the Delhi area. J. Bombay

Nat Hist Soc. 78: 170.

Babblers, Laughingthrushes, Babaxes, Barwings, Yuhinas

Alexander, H.G (1950): Large Grey Babbler attacking metal hub-cap of wheel of car. J. Bombay Nat

Hist Soc. 49(3): 550.

Ali,H.A. (1951): Large Grey Babbler attacking metal hub-cap of car. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(1): 171.

Gaston, A. J. (1978): Notes on the Striated Babbler Turdoides earlei (Blyth) near Delhi. J. Bombay

Nat Hist Soc. 75: 219-220.

Gaston, A.J. (1975): Change of iris colour during the post-fledging period in the Common Babbler {Turdoides caudatus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 72(2): 548-552.

Gaston, A.J. (1978a): Social behaviour of the Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense. Ibis 1 20(3): 361-364.

Gaston, A.J. (1978b): Ecology of the Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus. Ibis 120(4): 415-432.

Gaston, A.J., D.N. Mathew & VJ. Zacharias (1979): Regional variation in the breeding seasons of Babblers {Turdoides) sp, in India. Ibis 121(4): 512-516.

Goldcrest, Prinias, Tesias, Warblers Anon (1996): Bristled Grassbird. Pitta 65: 4.

Anon (1997): Bristled Grassbird Chaetornis striatus at Okhla, Delhi. Sanctuary Asia 17(2): 65.

Gaston, AJ. (1976): The moult of Blyth’s Reed Warbler dumetorum, with notes on

the moult of other Palaearctic warblers in India. Ibis 1 1 8(2): 247-25 1 .

Grewal, B. (1996): Bristled Grassbird Chaetornis striatus at Okhla, Delhi. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 24: 43-44.

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Jairamdas, A. (1977): Three nests of Ashy Wren Warbler - diary of one season. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 17(2): 4-6.

Nuthatches, Wallcreeper

Ganguli, U. (1962): The Wall-creeper visits Tughlakabad Fort, near Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(3): 4-5.

Buntings

Jackson, P. F. R. & A. J. Gaston (1972): Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana Linn, near Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 69: 654-655.

Munias

Gaston, A. J. & J. Mackrell (1980): Green Munia {Estrilda formosa) at Delhi, and other interesting records for 1978. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 77: 144-145.

Starlings & Mynas

Desai, J.H. & A.K. Malhotra (1988): Behaviour and breeding biology of Pied Myhna '(sic) (Sturnus contra contra) and Common Myhna (sic) {Acridotheres tristis tristis). Cheetal 29(1): 54-59.

Ganguli, U. (1962): Rosy Pastors in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(1 1): 13.

Hutson, H.P.W. (1945): Rosy Pastors on passage in India. Ibis 87(2): 275-279.

Ray, D. (1972): Pied Myna {Sturnus contra) in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(10): 11.

Crows, Jays, Treepies, Magpies

Anon. (1987): Floating ability of the Common Crow. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 27(1-2): 2-7.

David, A. (1964): Strange behaviour of a crow. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(9): 12.

Ray, D. (1976): Crows’ cache Corvus splendens. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(6): 9-10.

Sen, S.N. ( 1 944): Late breeding of the Common House Crow {Corvus splendens splendens). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44(3): 474.

Checklists

Abdulali, H. & J. D. Panday (1978): Checklist of the birds of Delhi, Agra and Bharatpur with notes on their status in the neighbourhood. Published by the author, Bombay.

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George, J. (1963): Revised check-list of the birds of Delhi and the common names of Indian birds. News- letter for Birdwatchers 3(6): 5-6.

Hutson, H. R W. ( 1 954): The birds about Delhi, together with a complete list of birds observed in Delhi and the surrounding country. The Delhi Bird Watching Society, Delhi. Pp. 2 1 3 .

Surveys

Javed, S. & R. Kaul (2003): Field Methods for Bird Surveys. Bombay Natural History Society; Department of Wildlife sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh & World Pheasant Associa- tion, South Asia Regional Office (SARO), New Delhi, India. Pp. 61.

Wetlands

Gandhi, T. (1988): Waterbirds in Yamuna. Blackbuck 4(4): 31-32.

Khan, A. (1962): A visit to Najafgadh Jheel: 21 October 1962. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(12): 10.

Menon, V. (1993): Status of wetland systems in and around Delhi, north India. In: Wetland and Waterfowl Conservation in South and West Asia. Proceedings of the International Symposium, Karachi, Pakistan. 14-20 December 1991 . (Eds: Moser, M. & J. Van Vessem) IWRB, Slimbridge, UK, 5 1 . (IWRB Special PublicationNo.25. 1993):50.

Rostand, A. (1924): Fighting on a Delhi Jheel. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 1059-1061.

Sangha, H.S. (1979): Najafgarh Jheel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(12): 12.

Urfi, A. J. (1995): Wetlands of ornithological significance in the Delhi region. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 22: 38-41.

Urfi, A. J. (1996): On some new breeding records of waterbirds from the Delhi region. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 93(1): 94.

Urfi, A. J. (1997): The significance of Delhi Zoo for Wild waterbirds, with special reference to the Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala. Forktail 12: 87-97.

Urfi, A. J. & S. C. Sharma (1992): Bird conservation at some lesser known wetlands around Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(5 & 6): 2-5.

Protected areas

Rathinasabapathy, B. & V. Kalaiarasan ( 1 992): Birds of National Zoological Park, New Delhi. Zoo ’s Print Journal 7(8): 33.

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Urfi, A.J. (2003): The birds of Okhla barrage bird sanctuary, Delhi, India. Forktail 1 9: 39-50.

Urfi, A.J. &T. Sinclair (1993): Thebirdlife ofOkhla. Sanctuary Asia 13(5): 50-53.

Region

Alexander, H. G. (1949): The birds of Delhi and district. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 370-372.

Alexander, H. G. (1964): Return to Delhi, Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(1): 1-3.

Alexander, H. G. (1972): On revisiting Delhi, Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(9): 1-3.

Ananth, G. ( 1 969a): Birds in a Delhi garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(11): 10-11,

Ananth, G. (1969b): Some recent bird observations from Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(12):10.

Arora, A., P. Bagala, N. Hazarika & A. Kothari (1991): The Delhi Ridge forest, decline and conser- vation. New Delhi: Kalpavriksh. Pp. 36,

Basil-Edwardes, S. (1926): A contribution to the ornithology of Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31: 261-273, 567-578.

Benthall, E. C. & H. G. Alexander (1949): The birds of Delhi and district. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 368-370.

Bhatnagar, R. K. (1974): Nesting succession in some birds in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(6): 5-6.

Dang, R. (1986): Birds of the Delhi Ridge. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 26(9-10): 12-14.

Donahue, J. P. (1967): Notes on a collection of Indian birds, mostly from Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 64: 410-429.

Editors (1949): The birds of Delhi and district. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 811-812. (Editors: Vol. 48 -Ali, S., S.B. Setna & H. Santapau)

Erskine Crum, W. D. C. ( 1 965a): Birdlife in Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(4): 9- 1 0.

Erskine Crum, W. D. C. (1 965b): Birds in a Delhi garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(9): 10-11. Frome, N. F. (1947): The birds of Delhi and district. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47: 277-300.

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Frome,N. F. (1948): The birds of Delhi and district. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47: 751-753.

Futehally, Z. (1996): Special address at OSI Meet, Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 10-11

Ganguli, U. (1975): A guide to the birds of the Delhi area. New Delhi: Indian Council of Agricultural Research. XV+299Pp.

Ganguli, U. (1963a): Bird news from Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(3): 14.

Ganguli, U. (1963b): More uncommon birds in and around Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(12): 2-3.

Gaston, A. J. (1978a): The seasonal occurrence of birds on the New Delhi ridge. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75: 115-128.

Gaston, A. J. (1978b): Distribution of birds in relation to vegetation on the New Delhi ridge. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75: 257-265.

Hutson, H. P. W. ( 1 947): Observations on the nesting of some birds around Delhi. Ibis 89: 569-576.

Jackson, P. (1968): Some new birds records for Delhi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65: 780-782.

Jackson, P. (1971): A days worth of Delhi birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(12): 1-5.

Rai, Y. M. (1986): The birds of Delhi and Meerut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83: 212-214.

Robertson, M. C. (1966): Bird notes from Delhi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(7): 10-11.

Sahadev, P. & V. Sabharwal (1987): An analysis of the Delhi bird counts. Kalpavriksh, New Delhi. iv.+75 Pp.

Sahdev, P. (1987): Keeping track of Delhi birds. Hornbill (4): 21-24.

Singh, J.L. (1983): Birds in the Okhla Barrage. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 23(9-10): 18-19. Tyabji, N. S. (1962a): Birds of New Delhi area. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(2): 7.

Tyabji, N. S. (1962b): Delhi bird notes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(5): 10-11.

Vyas, S. (2002): Some interesting bird records from the Delhi area. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 99: 325-329.

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Miscellaneous

Ahmed, A. (1997): Live Bird Trade in Northern India. TRAFFIC-India, New Delhi. Pp. 104.

Ali, S. & L. Futehally ( 1 968): Common Indian Birds. National Book Trust, New Delhi.

Ananth, G. (1970): Bird sights in my wooded garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(3): 14.

Anon. {\912)\l^oXQs8ccommQn\.s.Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(2): 9.

Arora, A., V. Ganeshan, A. Kothari & R. Lai (1991): What’s that bird? A guide to birdwatching, with special reference to Delhi. New Delhi: Kalpavriksh.

Bhatnagar, R. K. (1974): Clarification of some points in ‘Nesting succession in some birds in Delhi’. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(8): 8-9.

Bhatnagar, R.K. (1975): Birds on elated termite swarm in airport areas - a hazard to aircraft. News- letter for Birdwatchers 15(8): 4-6.

Chill, W.N. (1883): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 10(5): 427.

David, A. (1965): Birdwatching near a solitary tree. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(7): 8-9.

David, A. (1969): Random notes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(8): 11.

David, A. (1970a): Birdwatching at a garden tap. NeM>sletter for Birdwatchers 10(9): 14.

David, A. (1970b): Mongoose as a predator. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(10): 11.

Donahue, J. P. (1962): The search for migratory bird roosts in Delhi and Bharatpur. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2{6): 1-4.

Ganguli,U. (1962): Bird news. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(10): 14.

Ganguli,U. (1968): The changing pattern of bird population in a garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(5): 3-5.

Ganguli,U. (1969): Birds seen through a hospital window. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(2): 7-8.

Gaston, A.J. (1981): Seasonal breeding, moulting and weight changes among birds of dry decidu- ous forest in North India. Journal of Zoology, London 194(2): 219-243.

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Grubh, R.B., S.M. Satheesan & G. Narayan (1988): Ecological Study of Bird Hazards at Indian Aerodromes With Special Reference to Bombay, Delhi, Agra and Ambala. Institute of Aviation Man- agement, New Deli. Pp. 32.

Hume, A.O. (1881): Notes. Stray Feathers 10: 158.

Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh (1998): Delhi area. In\ A Birdwatchers’ Guide to India. (Eds: Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh) Prion Ltd, Sandy. Pp. 27-39.

Keswani, G.L. (1986): Birds in the monsoon. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 26(7-8): 19-20.

Lai, R. (1991): The living city. Sanctuary Asia 1 1(4): 36-41.

Lai, R. (1993): The battle of the Delhi Ridge. Sanctuary Asia 13(4): 40-43.

Lai, R. (2003): Birds of Delhi. Oxford University Press. 150 Pp.+ 55 plates.

Khacher, L.S. (1962): Civilization and wildlife. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(7): 12.

Menon,V. (1991): Capital asset. Hornbill 1991(3): 28-32.

Raman, L. (1999): Enjoying birds. Sanctuary Asia 19(2): 61-62.

Sangha, H. S (1984): Miscellaneous observation: Eucalyptus and birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 24(5-6): 12.

Sanyal, B. (1998): From specs to binocs. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(5): 85-86.

Singh, J.L. (2000): Birds while jogging. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(5): 67-68.

Singh, K.D. (1993): Letters. Hornbill 1993(4): 13.

Sinha, R. P. (1959): Our birds. New Delhi: Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt, of India. Pp. 87.

Tripathi, A. (2000): Summer visitors. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(2): 17-18.

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HIMACHAL PRADESH

Himachal Pradesh (30° 22' - 33° 13' North and 75° 36' - 79° 02' East) is situated in the northwest of India in the Himalayan ranges. It is bounded by Jammu and Kashmir in the north, Uttaranchal in the southeast, Haryana in the south and Punjab in the west and in the east it forms India’s international boundary with Tibet (China): Himachal Pradesh has a geographical area of 5.57 million ha. The State is mountainous with altitudes ranging between 460 and 6,600 m. It has a deeply dissected topogra- phy, a complex geological structure and a rich temperate flora in subtropical latitudes. Himachal Pradesh is drained by a number of snow-fed perennial rivers. The Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas, the Sutlej and the Yamuna are the important ones. Forestry in Himachal Pradesh constitutes the biggest land use.

Agriculture and horticulture are the mainstay of Himachal’s economy as 7 1 % of the people are engaged in these pursuits (Mathew 2003): Climatic conditions are suitable for a variety of fruits and cash crops such as seed potatoes, ginger, vegetable seeds, apples and other fruits. The main cereal crops are wheat, maize and paddy.

Himachal Pradesh is famous for its hill stations. Tourists come here mainly during the summer. The tourist department of Himachal Pradesh claims that Kharjiar in the Chamba district has earned the name “Mini Switzerland” because of the striking similarity in landscape.

The State is also known for its rich wildlife, especially for rare species such as Musk Deer Moschus chrysogaster. Ibex Capra ibex, Himalayan Thar Hermitragus jemlahicus, Asiatic Brown Bear Ursus arctoides and Snow Leopard Uncia uncial. Some of the pheasant species which are very important in the State, include the Himalayan or Impeyan Monal Lophophorus impejanus. Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus, Koklass Pheasant Pucrasia macrolopha and Snowcocks Tetraogallus spp.

The average rainfall in the State is 1 ,800 mm. The mean annual temperature ranges between 20 °C to 22.5 °C.

The total population of the State is 6.08 million (2001 census) of which 90.2% is rural and 9.8% is urban. The population density is 1 09 persons per sq. km.

Vegetation

There are six major forest types in Himachal Pradesh: Tropical Dry Deciduous, Sub-tropical Pine, Sub- tropical Dry Evergreen, Himalayan Moist Temperate, Himalayan Dry Temperate, and Sub-alpine and Alpine. By legal status, the reserved forest constitutes 5.1 %, the protected forest 89.2% and the unclassed forest 5.7% (Ministry of Environment and Forests 2001). The Forest Survey of India report of 1 999, states that there has been an overall decrease of 440 sq. km of dense forest because of the conversion of

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640 sq. km to open forest, and of 33 sq. km to non-forest. Also 92 sq. km of open forest, 42 sq. km of scrub and 99 sq. km of non-forest have been converted to dense forest.

AVIFAUNA

Himachal Pradesh is extremely important for the protection of many species of pheasants and forest birds. Its six major forest types have Western Himalayan species, some with significant populations. Atotal of 390 species of birds have been identified till now from the State (Grimmett and Inskipp 2003); Seven globally threatened species are found in the State. The two vulture and two eagle species are widely found but the two pheasant species (Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii and Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus) have restricted range, both in altitude and habitat. The Wood Snipe Gallinago nemoricola classified as Vulnerable (BirdLife International 200 1 ) also had a wide distribution in the Himalayas based on old shooting records (Ali and Ripley 1 987): Only few recent records are available after the prohibition of sport-hunting in India. It is reported only from Dhauladhar WLS, but is likely to be found in many more areas.

Himachal Pradesh lies in the Western Himalayas Endemic Bird Area (EBA 128): Eleven species are confined to this EBA (Stattersfield et al. 1 998)

REFERENCES

Ali, S. & S. D. Ripley (1 987): Compact Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan (Second Edition): Oxford University Press, Delhi.

BirdLife International (2001): Threatened Birds of Asia: The BirdLife International Red Data Book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

BirdLife International (2003): Saving Asia’s threatened birds; a guide for government and civil society. BirdLife International. Cambridge, U.K

Bose, A. K., J. Curson & N. Jarman (1989): Report on birds in some national parks and other areas of special interest in India and Nepal 88-89. Unpublished report.

Chauhan, B. S. & V. Sharma (1991): Status of Western Tragopan in Himachal Pradesh, India. WPA News 34: 25-28.

Garson, P. J. (1983): The Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii in Himachal Pradesh, western Himalayas: an update. World Pheasant Association Journal 8: 29-39.

Gaston, A. J. & P. J. Garson (1992): Himachal Wildlife Project-Ill. A re-appraisal of the Great Himalayan National Park. Unpublished report to Himachal Pradesh Department.

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Gaston, A. J. & J. Singh ( 1 980): The status of the Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii in the Chail wildlife sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh. World Pheasant Assoc. J. 5: 68-73.

Gaston, A. J., P. J. Garson & M. L. Hunter (1981): Present distribution and status of pheasants in Himachal Pradesh, western Himalayas. World Pheasant Assoc. J. 6: 10-30.

Gaston, A. J., P. J. Garson & S. Pandey (1993): Birds recorded in the Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Forktail 9: 45-57.

Grimmett, R. & T. Inskipp (2003): Birds of Northern India. Oxford University Press, New Delhi. lUCN (1993): Nature reserves of the Himalaya and mountains of Central Asia. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: International Union for Conservation of nature and Natural Resources.

Jandrotia, J. S., V. Shamia & S. S. Katoch (1996): A pheasant survey in the Ravi catchment of Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, IndidL. Ann. Rev. World Pheasant Assoc. 1994/1995: 61-1 A.

Javed, S., R. Kaul & S. B. Khan (1999): Status, distribution and ecology of the Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus in the Western Himalayas. Aligarh, India: Department of Wildlife Sci- ences, Aligarh Muslim University.

Kalsi, R. S. (1999): Status and habitat of Cheer Pheasant in Himachal Pradesh. World Pheasant Assoc.- SARO News 1(1): 2-A.

Knox, A. G. & M. P. Walters (1994): Extinct and endangered birds in the collections of the Natural History Museum. London: British Ornithologists’ Club.

Mathew, K. M. (2003): Manorama Yearbook 2003. Malayala Manorama, Kottayam.

Ministry of Environment and Forest (2001): Sate of Forest Report 2001. Forest Survey of India. Ministry Of Environment and Forest, Dehra Dun.

Mishra C. (1996): Pheasants and other birds of Majhatal Harsang Wildlife Sanctuary. Forktail 12: 1-6.

Narang, M. L. (1993): Searches for Western Tragopans in Himachal Pradesh, India, in 1987-89. India. In: Pheasants in Asia 1992. Reading, UK: World Pheasant Association. (Ed.: Jenkins, D.): Pp. 55-57.

Pandey, S. (1993): Pheasant surveys and the conservation of protected areas in the Upper Beas valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. In\ Pheasants in Asia 1992. Reading, UK: World Pheasant Association. (Ed.: Jenkins, D.): Pp. 58-61.

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Pandey, S. (1995): A preliminary estimate of numbers of Western Tragopans in Daranghati Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh. Rev. World Pheasant Assoc. 1993/1994:49-56.

Sharma, V., P. J. Garson & S. Khera (1990): Status surveys of Cheer and Western Tragopan in Simla Hills of Himachal Pradesh. In: Pheasants in Asia 1989. (D. A. Hill, P. J. Garson and D. Jenkins, eds) Reading, UK: World Pheasant Association. Pp.139-141 .

Singh, S., A. Kothari & P. Pande ( 1 990): Directory of national parks and sanctuaries in Himachal Pradesh: management status and profiles. Indian Institute of Public Adrniriistration, New Delhi. Pp 1 64.

Stattersfield, A. J., M. J. Crosby, A. Long & D. C. Wege (1998): Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation. BirdLife International, UK.

Tak, P. C. (1987): On a rare sighting of Western Tragopan {Tragopan melanocephalus) in District Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India. Cheetal 28(4): 42-45.

Wynter-Blyth, M. A. (1951): A naturalist in the north-west Himalaya. Part I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 344-354.

The information given above is obtained from ^'•Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation’’’* (Islam & Rahmani 2004).

Islam, M.Z. & A.R. Rahmani (2004): Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation. Indian Bird Conservation Network: Bombay Natural History Society and Birdlife International (UK): Pp. xxvii+1133.

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Storks

Pandey, S. (1989): Black Stork. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(1-2): 9.

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Whistler, H. (1923): The common Flamingo {Phoenicopterus antiquorum) in the Punjab Salt Range, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 840.

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Khacher, L. (1976): Common Teal Anas crecca migrating across the Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 73(2): 391.

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Hawks, Eagles, Buzzards, Old World Vultures, Kites, Harriers

Besten, J. W. D. (2004): Migration of Steppe Eagles Aquila nipalensis and other raptors along the Himalayas past Dharamsala, India, in autumn 2001 and spring 2002. Forktail 20: 9-13.

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Jones, A. E. (193 1): The nesting of the Besra Sparrow-hawk {Accipiter virgatus affinis) at Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 35: 208-209.

Jones, A. E. (1916): Pseudogyps bengalensis, the White-backed Vulture breeding in immature plumage. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 369-370.

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Ramesh, K. (1999): The mysterious raptors. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(1): 12.

Rana, B. S. (1997): A record of Pallas’ Fishing Eagle Haliaeetus leucoryphus from Spiti Valley (H.P.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 400.

Falcons

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Dodsworth, P. T. L. (191 3): Some notes on the nesting and plumage of the Shaheen Falcon Falco peregrinator, Vel. The Black-cap Falcon Falco atriceps. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22(1): 197- 198,22(3): 629-630.

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Pheasants, Partridges, Quails

Anon (1988): Western Horned Tragopan. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 28(3 & 4): 2.

Bashir, S. (2000): Status, distribution and ecology of the Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus in the western Himalayas. Mor 2000(2): 7.

Bashir, S. (2000): Western Tragopan {Tragopan melanocephalus) studies in Chamba Himachal Pradesh. Mor 3(3): 2-3.

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Chauhan, B. S. & V. Sharma (1991): Status of Western Tragopan in Himachal Pradesh, India. WPA News 34: 25-28.

Dhanze, J.R. (1974): Comments on the flight of the Monal Pheasant. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(3): 8.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1912): Occurrence of the Common Peafowl {Pavo cristatus, Linn.) in the neighbourhood of Simla,N-W. Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 1082-1083.

Donald, C. H. (1 948): My experience with pheasant breeding in Dharmsala Cantonment. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47: 753-757.

Garson, P. J. (1983): The Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii in Himachal Pradesh, western Himalayas: an update. The World Pheasant Association Journal 8: 29-39.

Garson, P. J. (1985): New research project on the Cheer Pheasant in India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 2: 14-16.

Garson, P. J. (1987): Studying Cheer Pheasants in India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 5: 18-19.

Gaston, A. J. & J. Singh (1980): The status of the Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii in the Chail wildlife sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh. The World Pheasant Association Journal 5: 68-73.

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Gaston, A. J., P. J. Garson & M. L. Hunter (1981). Present distribution and status of pheasants in Himachal Pradesh, western Himalayas. The World Pheasant Association Journal 6: 10-30.

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Gaston, A. J., K. Islam & J .A. Crawford (1983): The current status of the Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus. The World Pheasant Association Journal 8: 40-49.

Gupta, K.K. (1990): Captive breeding of Monal Pheasant at Sarahan Pheasantry. Zoo 's Print Journal 5(11): 14-15.

Jones, A. E. (1943): Description of chick in down of the Simla Hill Partridge {Arborophila torqueola millardi): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44: 298.

Kalsi, R.S. (1999a): Status and habitat of the Cheer Pheasant in Himachal Pradesh. Mor 1(1): 2-3.

Kalsi, R.S, (1999b): Density index and habitat associations of the Cheer Pheasant in Himachal Pradesh, India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 30: 13.

Kaul, R.J., Hilaluddin, J.S. Jandotia & P.J.K. McGowan (2004): Hunting of large mammals & pheasants in Indian Western Himalaya. Oryx 38(4): 426-431.

Mishra, C. (1997): Pheasants and other birds of Majhatal Harsang Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India. Forktail 12: 1-6.

Mukherjee, R.N. (1971): The Monal Pheasant. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(8): 13-14.

Narang, M. L. (1993). Occurrence of Western and Satyr Tragopan. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33: 54-55.

Nazir, J. (2000): Cheer in Majathal. Mor 2000(2): 6.

Pandey, S. ( 1 993): Pheasant surveys and the conservation of protected areas in the Upper Beas valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Pheasants in Asia 1992. Reading: The World Pheasant Association Journal 17 & 18: 78-79.

Pandey, S. (1995a): A preliminary estimate of numbers of Western Tragopan in Daranghati Sanc- tuary, Himachal Pradesh, Ann. Review of the WPA 1993/94: 49-56.

Pandey, S. (1995b): The Pheasants of Himachal. Sanctuary Asia 15(6): 46-50.

Ramesh, K., G.S. Sathyakumar & G.S. Rawat (2002): Report on radio tracking of western tragopan in the Great Himalayan National Park, India. Tragopan 16: 29-31

Saini, S.S, (1971): Screaming of Peacock heard in the Himalayas. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(5): 1-2.

Sharma, V. (1993): Ecological status of pheasants in Himachal Pradesh, western Himalayas. In Pheasants in Asia 1992. Reading (Ed: Jenkins, D.). The World Pheasant Association Journal 17& 18: 80-81.

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Sharma, V. & S. Pandey (1989): Pheasant surveys in the Shimla Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India. The World Pheasant Association Journal 14: 64-78.

Sharma, D.K. & A. Chandola-Saklani (1993): Distribution and habitat preferences of Pheas- ants in forests of Garhwal Himalaya (Abstract): In\ Bird conservation, strategies for the 90s and beyond (Eds.: A. Verghese, S. Sridhar & A.K. Chakravarty): Ornithological Society of India, Bangalore. Pp. 82.

Tak, P.C. (1987): On a rare sighting of western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) in Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, India. Cheetal 28(4): 42-46.

Vinod, T.R. (1999): Sighting of Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus in the Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh. Mor 1(1): 4.

Wayre, P. (1976): The Cheer Pheasant and its reintroduction in the Himalayas. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(6): 6-7.

Whistler, H. (1919): A note on the breeding of the Hill Partridge (Arboricola torqueola) near Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 849.

Painted-Snipes

Hawkins, E. L. (1881): Letter about Painted Snipe from Kulu. Stray Feathers 10: 172.

Plovers, Dotterels, Lapwings

Saini, S.S. (1972): Unexpected summer visitors in the Himalayas - Redwattled Lapwing. Newslet- ter for Birdwatchers 12(8): 5-6.

Sandpipers, Stints, Snipes, Godwits & Curlews

Coldstream, J. (191 1): Woodcock in Kulu. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 268-269.

Pigeons & Doves

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1913): Occurrence of the Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica (Linn.) in the Simla district. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 398.

Parakeets & Hanging-Parrots

Bajpai,NK (1974): Pleasant Parakeets. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(2): 8.

Cuckoos, Malkohas & Coucals

Coveil, G. (1936): Habits of the Plaintive Cuckoo {Cacomantis merulinus Scop.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 38: 623.

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Craickshank, A. (191 3): Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) laying in the nest of the Plumbeous Redstart {Rhyacornis fuliginosus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 625.

Jones, A. E. (1916): Number of KoePs (E. honor ata) eggs found in one nest. J. Bombay Nat.

Hist. Soc. 24: 370.

Jones, H. (1936): A Cuckoo (C. canorus Linn.) incident. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 39: 175-177.

Mukherjee, R.N. (1973): An interesting observation on Sirkeer Cuckoo. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(6): 9.

Owls

Dodsworth, RT.L. (1913): The Himalayan Wood-owl (Syrnium nivicola Hodgs.). J. Bombay Nat.

Hist. Soc. 22: 626-629.

Mukherjee, R. & S. S. Saha (1986): Snowy Owl just after fall at Tanglu, Himachal Pradesh. News- letter for Birdwatchers 26(5-6): 18-19.

Nightjars

Jones, A. E. (1923): Nightjars of the Simla hills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 286-287.

Swifts

Dodsworth, P.T.L. (1912): Insects in the nest of the Common Swift Cypselus affinis. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21(3): 1091.

Kingfishers

Diksit, V.K. (1984): Adaptive feeding mechanism in Kingfishers of western Himalayas. In: High Altitude Entomology and Wildlife Ecology. (Ed: Tikader, B.K.) Zoological Sur- vey of India, Calcutta: Pp. 229-233.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1 912): Extension of the habitat of the Common Kingfisher {Alcedo ispida). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 661.

Hoopoes

Dhanze, J. R. ( 1 973): A brief observation regarding the migration of Hoopoes, Upupa epops (Linn.) in Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(10): 7-8.

Barbets

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1912): Habits, food and nesting of the Great Himalayan Barbet {Megalaema marshallorum). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 681-684.

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Woodpeckers

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1911): Occurrence of Hemilophus pulverulentus (Temm) the Great Slaty Woodpecker in the neighbourhood of Simla, N. W. Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21 : 263.

Khacher, L. J. (1976):Westernmost record of the Great Slaty Woodpecker Mulleripicus pulverulentus in Himachal Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 73: 216.

Pittas

Donald, C. H. (1918): The occurrence of the Indian Pitta in the Kangra district, Punjab. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 497-499.

Jones, A. E. (1943): On the occurrence of the Green-breasted Pitta {Pitta cucullata Hartl.) at Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 658.

Larks

Misra, C. (2000): A seasonal flocking in the Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris in India. Forktail 16: 171-172.

Whistler, H. (1923): Note on a supposed new race of Otocorys alpinus the Horned Lark. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29(2):560.

Swallows & Martins

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1912): The Crag Martin (Ptyonoprogne rupestris). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21:660-661.

Waite, W.H. (1921): Note on the nidification of Hodgson’s Striated Swallow (Hirundo nepalensis): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27(3): 631-632.

Whistler, H. (1912): Occurrence of the European Striated Swallow {Hirundo rufula) in Kangra. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 659.

Wagtails & Pipits

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1914): Nesting oiAnthus similis, Jerdon (The Brown-Rock Pipit): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 798-800.

Purandare, K. (2000): A note on the incident of juvenile Grey Wagtail {Motacilla cinerea) spitting yel- lowish liquid when handled. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(5): 68-69.

Whistler, H. (1925): On the breeding of the Indian Tree Pipit {Anthus hodgsoni) in Kulu. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 701-702.

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Cuckoo-Shrikes, Flycatcher-Shrikes, Trillers, Minivets, Woodshrikes

Dodsworth, P.T.L. (1910): Intelligence displayed by Shortbilled Minivets {Pericrocotus brevirosths) when their nests are in danger. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20(2): 516-517.

Khacher, L. (1994): Ashy Mini vet Pericrocotus divaricatus (Raffles) in Himachal Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 91(2): 321.

Bulbuls & Finchbills

Narang, M.L. & R.S. Rana (1999): Black Bulbuls association with Melia azedarach. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3S{6): 104.

Shrikes

Dudgeon, G.C. (1904): Albinism in a Shrike. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(1): 179.

Ganguli, U. (1964): Some notes on the nest behaviour of the Baybacked Shrike at Kasauli, Simla Hills. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(3): 2-4.

Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails, Wheatears

Basil-Edwardes, S. (1920): On the occurrence of the Large Brown Thrush (Zoothera monticola) in Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 401-402.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1911a): Notes on the nidification of Microcichla scouleri, (Vigors) the Little Forktail. J, Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 257-261.

Dodsworth, P. T. L, (1911b): Nesting of the Western Blue Rock Thrush (Petrophila cyanus, Linn.) in the neighbourhood of Simla, N-W Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 1328- 1329.

Dodsworth, P.T.L. (1912a): Abnormal type (?) of eggs of the Little Forktail Microcichla scouleri, Vigors./. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 21(4): 1327-1328.

Dodsworth, P.T.L. (1912b): Occurrence of the Red-tailed Chat {Saxicola chrysopygia, De Filippi) in the vicinity of Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 196.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1914): Occurrence of the White-browed Bush-Robin {lanthia indica, Vieill) in the north-west Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 22: 795-796.

Hackney, M. J. (1952): Unusual behaviour of the Whitecapped Redstart {Chaimarrornis leucocephalus Vigors)./. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 655-656.

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Narang, M.L. (1993); Some notes on the habits and habitats of Whitecapped Redstart Chaimarrornis leucocephalus (WigOYs). J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90(3): 515-517.

Babblers, Laughingthrushes, Babaxes, Barwings, Yuhinas

Berriff, A.H. ( 1 928): Extraordinary pugnacity of the Rustycheeked Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus erythrogenys. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32(3): 599-600.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (191 1); Notes relating to the habits and nidification of the Black-headed Sibia, Lioptila capistrata. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 249-255.

Jones, A. E. (1 91 6): A note on the nidification of the Green Shrike-tit {Pteruthius xanthochloris). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 369.

Whistler, H. (193 1): The western Variegated Laughing-Thrush Trochalopteron variegatum similie Hume. Ibis series 13, Vol. 1(1): 96-97.

Goldcrest, Prinias, Tesias, Warblers

Whistler, H. (1939): New races of a tailor-bird and rose-finch from Ceylon and the Himalayas. Bulletin of British Ornithological Club 60: 15-16.

Long-tailed Tits

Dymond, N. (2003): Observation of White-cheeked Tits Aegithalos leucogenys in Himachal Pradesh, India and a review of the species’s status in the Indian Himalayas. Oriental Bird Club 5w//e/mNo. 38: 69-70.

Tits

Gaston, A.J. (1979): Roosting behaviour of flocks of the Crested Black Tit {Parus melanolophus): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 76(3): 517-518.

Jones, A. E. (1 944): On the occurrence of the Rufous-bellied Crested Tit (Lophophanes rubidiventris) in the Simla Hills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44: 474-475.

Whistler, H. (1923): Double nest of the Kashmir Great Tit {Parus major kashmiriensis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 837.

Tree-Creepers, Creepers

Basil-Edwardes, S. (1923): Nidification of the Himalayan Tree-Creeper {Certhia himalayana): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 557-559.

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Dodsworth, R T. L. ( 1 9 1 0) : Notes relating to the distribution, habits, and nidification of Certhia himalayana Vigors, (the Himalayan Tree-creeper), in and around Simla, and the adjacent ranges. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 463-467.

Finches

Besten, J. W.D. (2004): Eurasian Linnet {Carduelis cannabina). Chaffinch {Fringilla collebs) and Bramling (Fringilla montifringilla) in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 101(2): 325-326.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1910): The Himalayan Greenfinch. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 517.

Dodsworth, P. T. L. (1912): Distribution, habits, and nesting of the Himalayan Greenfinch {Hypacanthis spinoides. Vigors). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 1075-1080.

Gaston, A. J. & S. Chattopadhyay (1981): Siskin {Carduelis spinus) in Solang Nalla, Himachal Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 386-387.

Osborn, W. (1904): The Black and Yellow Grosbeak {Hesperiphona icterioides). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 716.

Skinner, R. B. (1911): Seasonal movements ofthe Himalayan Greenfinch (7/y/7«c-a«//rr5'577/«oz<7ej):

J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 262.

Whistler, H. (1923): A note on the Spotted-winged Grosbeak Mycerobas melanoxanthus (Hodgs.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29(1): 150-153.

Whistler, H. (1925): The Allied Grosbeak {Perrisospiza qffinis Blyth). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 700-701 .

Whistler, H. (1939): New races of a tailor-bird and rose-finch from Ceylon and the Himalayas. Bulletin of British Ornithological Club 60: 15-16.

Starlings Si Mynas

Julka, J.M. (1983): Common Myrm Acridotheres tristis feeding on the Manure Earthworm Eisenia foctida during snowfall. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 23(7-8): 16-17.

Khacher, L.S. ( 1 969): Letter about Brahminy Mynas at 7000' at Manali. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(9): 11-12.

Mukheijee, R.N. (1970): Jungle Mynas and their nests. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1 0( 1 0): 1 1 .

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Orioles

Jamdar, N. (1984): Aggressive Oriole. Hornbill 1984(4): 6.

Mukherjee, R. & M. Chandra (1984): The Golden Oriole of Kinnaur District. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 24(1 1-12): 6.

Drongos

Donald, C. H. (191 8): Extension of habitat of the Hair-crested Drongo {Chibia hottentotta). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 500.

Khacher, L. (1997): Mimicry by Grey Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 569.

Crows, Jays, Treepies, Magpies

Berriff, A. H. (1927): Mating of the Jungle Crow (Corvus coronoides intermedius). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 217.

Capper, W. (1904): The Himalayan Nutcracker Nucifraga hemispila. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(1): 158.

Khacher, L. & N. Chaturvedi (1981): The ‘balling’ of Crows. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78(3): 606.

Mahabal, A. (1991): Cases of albinism in House and Jungle Crows. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 31(9-10): 14.

Osborn, W. (1902): The Himalayan Nutcracker himispila and other Walnut-eating birds.

J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15(4): 712-715.

Sangha, H.S. & R. Naoroji (2003): Hilgh-altitude records of the House Crow Corvus splendens in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir, India. Forktail 19(2003): 141-142.

Sar, C. K. (1987): Occurrence of albino Jungle Crow {Corvus macrorhynchos) in Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 27(9 & 10): 15.

Singh, Y. (1991): Crows with a white shoulder. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 31(1&2): 13.

Whistler, H. ( 1 924): The distribution of the Himalayan Tree-pie (Dendrocitta formosae himalayensis Blyth). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 223.

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Whistler, H. ( 1 925) : On the breeding of the Indian Tree Pipit Anthus hodgsoni in Kulu. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30(3): 701-702.

Checklists

Kingston, R. W. G. (1921): A list of the birds of Dharmsala. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 555-572.

Jones, A. E. (1919): A list of birds found in the Simla hills 1908-1918. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26:601-620.

Koelz, W. (1939): Additions to the avifaunal list of Lahul. Ibis Series 14, Vol. 3: 354-356. Surveys

Lamba, B.S. (1987): Status survey of fauna: Nanda Devi National Park. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper No. 103: 1-50.

Mahabal, A. (1996): Bird survey in Siwalik Himalaya of Himachal Pradesh. Pavo (34): 7-16. Wetlands

Pandey, S. (1989): The Pong Dam Lake Bird Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(7 & 8): 3-4.

Pandey, S. (1989): The birds of Pong Dam Lake Bird Sanctuary. Tigerpaper 16(2): 20-26. Protected areas

Garson, P.J. (1982): Forest wildlife threatened in the Himalayas. Hornbill 1982(2): 5-8.

Gaston, A.J. & P.J. Garson (1992): Re-appraisal of the Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 16: 8-9.

Gaston, A.J., P.J. Garson & S. Pandey (1993): Birds recorded in the Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Forktail 9: 45-57.

Gupta, K. K. (1992): Wildlife census in Rupi-Bhaba Wild-life Sanctuary situated in Kinnaur dis- trict of Himachal Pradesh. Zoo ’s Print Journal 7(10): 14-16.

Mahabal, A. (2000): Birds of Taira Wildlife Sanctuary in lower western Himalaya, H.P., with notes on their status and altitudinal movements. Zoo 's Print Journal 1 5(1 0): 334-338.

Mahabal, A. & T.R. Sharma (1993): Birds inNainadevi Wildlife Sanctuary in Siwalik Himalayas. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33(3): 43-44.

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Mishra, C. (1997): Pheasants and other birds of Majhatal Harsang Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India. ForteV 12(August): 1-6.

Mukherjee, R. & M. Chandra (1984): Birds of Sili Forest, Solan, H.P. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 24(5-6): 14-15.

Mukherjee, R.N. & K.K. Mahajan (1978): Gamugul Siya-Behi Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh. Cheetal 20(1): 41-43.

Pandey, S. (1989): Some observations on the birds of Pin Valley National Park. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(1 & 2): 9.

Sahgal, B. (1999): The Great Himalayan National Park. A walk on the wild side. Sanctuary Asia 19(3): 16-21.

Sangha, H.S. (2005): New and significant records from the Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian Birds 1(2): 33-34.

Singh, S., A. Kothari & P. Pande (1990): Directory of national parks and sanctuaries in Himachal Pradesh, management status and profiles. New Delhi: IIPA. Xxiv+164 Pp.

Region

Alexander, H. G. (1951): Some notes on birds in Lahul. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 608-613.

Anderson, J. C. (1889): Sporting rambles around Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 4: 56-66. Basil-Edwardes, S. (1926): Notes on birds uncommon, or unrecorded from the Simla hills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31: 224-226.

Beavan, R. C. (1867): Letter on various birds from Simla. Ibis Series 2, Vol. 3: 136-143.

Besten, J.W.D. (2004): Birds of Kangra. Moonpeak Publisher, Pp. 173.

Cameron, R. McL. (1970): Birds in the Kulu valley. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(1): 1-2.

Frome, N. F. (1945): A note on birds of the Simla foothills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 45: 422- 425..

Frome, N. F. (1946): Birds noted in the Mahasu-Narkanda-Baghi area of the Simla hills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46: 308-316.

Ganguli, U. (1967): Birds of Simla in autumn. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(3): 4-6.

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Gould, J. (1837): Notice of a collection of birds from the Himalaya Mountains, presented by James Farell. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part 5: 136-137.

Jones, A. E. (1947-48): The birds of the Simla and adjacent hills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47:

117-125,219-249, 409-432.

Koelz, W, (1937): Notes on the birds of Spiti, a Himalayan province of the Punjab. Ibis

Series 14, Vol. 1: 86-104.

Khacher, L.S. (1967): Diary from Manali, Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdw>atchers 7(10): 3-4.

Lowndes, D. (1930): Notes on some birds seen in Lahul and Kulu. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34: 569-570.

Mahabal, A. (1992a): Natural distribution of some bird species in Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(5&6): 16.

Mahabal. A. (1992b): Avifauna of Chamba District (Himachal Pradesh) with emphasis on their altitudinal distribution. Pavo 30: 17-25.

Mahabal, A. & R. Mukherjee (1991): Birds of Mandi district (Himachal Pradesh). Newsletter for Birdwatchers ?>\{\ & 2): 8.

Mahajan, K. K. & R. Mukherjee (1974): Brief note on some observation at Lanul and Spiti, H. P. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(12): 3-4.

Mistry, N. M, (1967): Birdwatching on a Simla-Kulu trek. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(9): 2-4.

Narang, M. L. (1989): Birds of Sangla valley. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(5 & 6): 8.

Narang, M. L. & A. R. Singh ( 1 995): Birds ofNauni Campus of Univesity of Horticulture and Foreshy, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 106-108

Navarro, A. (1968): Bird-watching at Dalhousie with comments. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(4): 1-4.

Prasanna, M., V. Nithyananda, K.M. Belliappa, S. Siddharth & N. Mor (1995): Birding in Kullu- Manali. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 92-93

Santharam, V. (2005): Birds seen on a trek in the Chanshal Pass, Himachal Pradesh. Indian Birds \{2y 28-31.

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Sharma, T. R. & A. Mahabal (1997): Seasonal change of bird species in two different altitudinal locations of Solan District, Himachal Pradesh. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 96 (1-4): 151-166.

Singh, A.P. (2003): Birds of Tabo: a lesser known cold desert in the Western Himalaya. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 100(1): 152-154.

Suyal, B. O. (1992): Birds of Sarahan Bushar, Shimla district. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(9 & 10): 14-15.

Tytler, R. C. (1868): Notes on the birds observed during a march from Simla to Mussoorie. Ibis series 2, Vol. 4: 190-203.

Waite, H. W. (1945): Birds on the Hindustan-Tibet Road, N. W. Himalaya. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 45: 531-542.

Whistler, H. (1916): Some birds observed at Dalhousie hill station in 1915. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 582-588.

Whistler, H. (1919): Some birds observed at Fagoo, near Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 770-775.

Whistler, H. (1920): Further notes on birds about Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 94-1 1 1.

Whistler, H. (1925): The birds of Lahul, N. W. Himalaya. Ibis Series 12, Vol. 1: 152-208.

Whistler, H. (1926a): The birds of Kangra district, Punjab. Ibis Seriesl2, Vol. 2(3): 521-581; Series 12, Vol. 2(4): 724-783.

Whistler, H. (1926b): A note on the birds of Kulu. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31: 458-485. Whistler, H. (1928): Further notes on birds about Simla. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 726-732. Wynter-Blyth, M. A. (1948): An expedition to Sangla in Kunawar. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47: 565-585.

Agriculture

Narang, M.L., R.S. Rana & M. Prabhakar (2000): Avian species involved in pollination and seed dispersal of some forestry species in Himachal Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 97(2): 215-222.

Thirumurthi, S. & C.P. Banumathi (1998): The Melia azedarach tree a keystone species for fiugivorous birds in Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(4): 68-69.

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Conservation

Garson, P. J. (1982); Conservation of wildlife in Himachal’s forests. Tigerpaper 9(4): 27-31. Miscellaneous

Ali,S (1964): A tip to birdwatchers. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(4): 9.

Baker, E. C. S. (1924): Fauna of British India. Birds. 2nd edition. Vol. 2. London: Taylor and Fransis. xxiv+561 Pp.

Bates, R. S. P. & E. H. N. Lowther (1952): The history of bird-photography in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 779-784.

Beavan, R. C. (1868): Description of Buchanga waldeni from Simla. Ibis Series 2, Vol. 4: 496-497. Donald, C. H. (1917): The height at which birds are able to fly. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 302. Donald, C. H. (1917):The span of large birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 302-303.

Gaston, T. (1995): Mountain birds in Himachal Pradesh. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 22: 32-35. Gould, J. (1852): The birds of Asia 4, 5. By Author, London.

Hume, A. O. (1873): Notes. Stray Feathers 1: 313-323.

Hunter, M. L., Jr. (1989);Himalayan birds face uphill while singing. The Auk 106: 728-729.

Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh (1998): North India. In: A Birdwatchers’ Guide to India. (Eds: Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh) Prion Ltd, Sandy. Pp. 82-102.

Khacher, L. (1993): Letter from Himachal Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33: 8.

Khacher, L. (1985): Arm chair bird watching continued (from page 12, vol. XXV, no. 7 and 8): Newsletter for Birdwatchers 25(9-10): 7.

Khacher, L. (1985): Armchair birdwatching. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 25(7-8): 9-12.

Khacher, L.S. (1962): Bird watching in the Himalayas. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(12): 6-9. Khacher, L.S. (1970): The hills. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(2): 1-5.

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Littledale, H. (1 898); Camping in Chamba. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 1 1 (3): 482-505.

Mehta, L.K. (1967): Game Birds Farming- part I. Cheetal 9(2): 48-52.

Moore, F. (1856): Notice of some new species of birds. Proc. Zool. Soc. London , No. 24: 215-217.

Robbins, G.E.S. (1984): Himachal Pradesh wildlife project, India. The World Pheasant Association Journal 9: 7-12.

Shah, S.R. (1975): Usefulness of Newsletter. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 15(8): 3-4.

Shah, S.R. (1981): Some spots excellent for watching Himalayan birds. Mayura 2(1): 8-9, 11.

Sharma, S. & R. K. Malhotra(1994a): Histochemical localization offatty acids and neutral fats in stress- induced chick Pectoralis and Gastrocnemii Muscles. Pavo (32): 17-21 .

Sharma, S. & R. K. Malhotra (1994b): Localization of keto-steroids in chick skeletal muscle under stress conditions. Pavo (32): 23-27.

Shaima, V. (1994); Present status of captive breeding in India and its role in conservation and education. WPA News 44; 11-14.

Sharpe, R.B. (1888): Catalogue of the Passeriformes or Perching birds in collection of the British Museum, Fringilliformes: Part III. Family - Fringillidae. Vol. 12. British Museum of Natural His- tory, London, UK.

Shortt, W. H. O. (1925): A sporting trip to the Pindari glacier. Part H. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 30: 380-396.

Singh, B. (1998): Encounters with birds at Dharamsala. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(3): 43.

Ticehurst, C. B. (1933): Descriptions of two new forms of Indian birds. Bulletin of British Ornitho- logical Club 54: 19-20.

Whistler, H. (1932): Description of Lophophanes dichrous kangrae from Koti State near Simla. Bulletin of British Ornithological Club 53: 20-21.

Whistler, H. (1 936): On seven recently described birds fiomthe Punjab. Ibis Series 1 3, Vol. 6(4); 7 1 8-724.

Wynter-Blyth, M. A. ( 1 95 1 ): A naturalist in the north-west Himalaya. Part 1. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 50: 344-354.

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Jammu & Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir (32° 17' - 37° 05' N and 72° 3 1' - 80° 20' E) is bounded on the north by China (Karakoram mountains), on the east by Tibet, and on the south by Himachal Pradesh and Punjab and on the west by Pakistan and Afghanistan. This hilly State is divided into three geographical regions namely, the Kashmir Valley, the Ladakh region and the Jammu region. The higher regions are covered by Pir Panjal, Karakoram and the inner Himalayan ranges. The State has a geographi- cal area of 22.22 million ha (6.8% of India’s geographical area): The important river systems are the Chenab, the Ravi and the Jhelum. The capital city is Srinagar but in winters the administration offices move to Jammu,

Agriculture is the mainstay of the State’s economy. Paddy, wheat and maize are the major crops. Barley, bajra and jowar are cultivated in some parts. Gram is grown in Ladakh (Mathew 2003); Kashmir handicrafts have always been a byword for excellence. This sector provides employment to about 0.2 million people. Kashmir carpets earn substantial foreign exchange (Mathew 2003): The 300 km long Srinagar-Jammu National Highway is the only major surface link between the Kashmir Valley and the rest of the country. Kashmir is internationally known for its beauty and is a favourite tourist destination. The main tourist centres are Srinagar, Pahalgam, Gulmarg and Sonamarg. Hindu pilgrim centers of special importance include Amamath and Vaishno Devi.

The average annual rainfall and temperature is in the range of 600 to 800 mm and 1 5 °C to 1 7.5 °C respectively. The climatic conditions vary from subtropical in the Jammu region to cold and arid in

Ladakh.

The total population of the State is 10.07 million (2001 census), which is 1.0% of the country’s population. Nearly 75% of the people live in the villages. The population density is 45 persons per sq. km, which is very low in comparison with other states. This is due to the large uninhabited cold desert area in Ladakh.

Vegetation

Broadly, Jammu and Kashmir has five types of vegetation, namely Sub-tropical Dry Evergreen, Himalayan Moist Temperate, Himalayan Dry Temperate, Subtropical Pine, and Sub-alpine and Alpine Forests. The recorded forest area is 2,02 million ha which constitutes 9.08% of the geographical area of the State. Forests are largely distributed in the Kashmir Valley and the Jammu region. Leh and Kargil are devoid of forest vegetation. This area is cold desert. Dense forest and open forest account for 1 1 ,84,800 ha and 9,3 8,900 ha respectively (Ministry of Environment and Forest 200 1 ): The total number of districts in the State are 1 4. The western districts of the State have more forest cover with dense and open forests, while Gilgit and Ladakh have no forest cover as detailed by the Forest Survey of India report of 200 1 . Raisi, Punch, Muzzaftfabad, Kathua and Jammu have more forest cover than Ladakh, by the Forest Survey of

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India report of 200 1 . Raisi, Punch, Muzzaffiabad, Kathua and Jammu have more forest cover than Ladakh, Gilgit, Baramula, Anantnag (Ministry of Environment and Forest 200 1 ).

AVIFAUNA

Jammu and Kashmir lies in the Western Himalayas Endemic Bird Area (EBA 128) where 1 1 Restricted Range species have been listed by Statterfield et al. (1998): Because of great altitudinal variations and differing physiogeographical regions, Jammu and Kashmir has three biomes: Biome-5 (Eurasian High Montane- Alpine and Tibetan), above c. 3,600 m; Biome-7 (Sino-Himalayan Temperate Forest), mainly between c. 1 ,800 to 3,600 m; and, Biome-8 (Sino-Himalayan Subtropical Forest), between c. 1 ,000 and 2,000 m. The Eurasian High Montane (Alpine and Tibetan) Biome is mainly distributed in the Ladakh region, especially in the Changthang plateau. The Sino-Himalayan Temperate Forest type habitat is present in most of the Important Bird Areas in the State.

In the Kashmir Valley, many protected areas support restricted range species and some waterbodies support large congregations of migratory waterbirds. These restricted range species occur mainly in Temperate Coniferous or Broadleaf Forest, Sub Alpine Forest and Montane Grasslands. For example, the Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra which is one of the globally threatened spe- cies is found between an altitude of 1,800 m to 2,700 m in the Temperate Mixed Broadleaf Forest, especially where there is dense growth of Parwtia (Stattersfield et al. 1 998): Other similar species, namely, the Tytler’s Leaf Warbler tytleh. White-throated TitAegithalos niveogularis

and White-cheeked Til Aegithalos leucogenys are found between 1,500 m to 3,600 m in Pine, Oak, Mixed and Deciduous Forests. White-throated Tit can be seen easily in rhododendrons and willow scrub, near the tree line, and White-cheeked Tit, besides in the habitats already mentioned, can be seen in riverine tamarisk scrub. Similarly, other restricted range species which can be seen in or near the Valley are the Kashmir Nuthatch Sitta cashmirensis. Spectacled Finch Callacanthis burtoni and Orange Bullfinch Pyrrhula aurantiaca. These finches are found in the open Coniferous Forest, Mixed Forest, Deciduous Forest and occasionally birch (Statterfield et al. 1998):

The Changthang region in Ladakh is an important breeding ground for waterbirds. Apart from hosting the largest breeding congregation of Bar-headed gQQScAnser indicus in India, the Changthang region also supports the largest population of the endangered Black-necked Crane Grus nigricollis in India. During a study on the breeding ecology of the Black-necked crane, Pfister (1998) recorded 12 sites in the Changthang region as breeding sites for this endangered species and counted 38 cranes. In a subsequent survey of Changthang in 2001, 42 cranes were counted with 10 breed- ing pairs in the Changthang region (S. A. Hussain pers. comm. 2003).

Hemis National Park is also one of the important bird areas in Ladakh. This is important for all the high altitude birds of the Western Himalayas. About 80 bird species are found in the Park and 50 of them breed there.

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Gurney, J.H. (1877): Note on Buteo desertorum and Buteo plumipes. Stray Feathers 5(2): 65-69.

Magrath, H.A.F. (1912): The notes of Pallas’ Fishing Eagle {Haliatus leucoryphiis) and some wa- ter birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21(2): 662-663.

Mahanti, J.C. (1965): Birdwatching in the forward areas: the Himalayan Golden Eagle, Aquila chrysaetos hodgsoni Ticehurst. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(5): 6-7.

Naoroji, R. & H. Sangha (1997-2003): Project Golden Eagle: Raptor surveys in Ladakh 1997-2003.

Sudhan, N.A., K.K. Ponnuswamy, K. Hussain & M.M.S. Zama (2004): Anaemia in a Cinereus Vulture Aegypius monachus-A case report. Zoo ’s Print Journal 1 9(12): 171 1 .

Pheasants, Partridges, Quails

Akhtar, A., V. Prakash & S. Javed (1994): The Western Tragopan - Bird of the Himalaya. Sanctu- ary Asia 14(2): 44-49.

Anon (1988): Western Horned Tragopan. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 28(3 & 4): 2.

Anon (1989): ....and the latest on Western Tragopans in India. WPA News 26: 11.

Appleford, W.G. (1912): The Himalayan Snow Cock Tetrogallus himalayensis. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21(3): 1084-1085.

Donald, C. H. (1898): Occun-ence of the Nepal Kalij Pheasant in Kashmir. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 12: 577.

Gould, J. (1853): Description of a new species of Tetraogallus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London : 47.

Kaul, R. & S. Qadri (1989): Western Tragopan surveys in the Limber Valley, Kashmir, India. WPA News 26: 12-14.

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Ludlow, F. (1934): Catching of Chikor [Alectoris graeca chukar (Gray)] in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 37: 222.

Malhotra, Y. R. & P. S. Pathmia (1981): The Chukar Partridge in Leh (Ladakh). Tigerpaper 8(3): 20-22. Singh, K.S. (1981): Survey of Pheasants. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(7): 19-20.

Singly S. (1982): Second International Symposium on Pheasants. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(3-4): 17, Cranes

Akhtar, S. A. (1990): Agonistic behaviour of the Black-necked Crane in Chushul, Ladakh, India.. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(7 & 8): 18-19.

Anon (1987): Blacknecked Crane in Ladakh. First annual report 1986. Bombay: BNHS.

Awati, M. P. (1994): The cranes of Sangti. Hornbill (3): 2-9

Chacko, R.T. (1993): Human interference in the habitat of Cranes in Bhutan and Ladakh. Newslet- ter for Birdwatchers 33(6): 106-108.

Chacko, R.T. (1998): Conservation Fund in Action: Breeding Black-necked Cranes in Changtang, Ladakh, 1997. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 27: 10-11.

Chandan, P., A. Chatterjee, P. Gautam, C.M. Seth, J. Takpa, S. Haq et (2005): Black-necked Crane Status, Breeding Productivity and conservation in Ladakh, India 2000-2004. WWF-Ind and dept, of Wildlife Prot., Govt, of J&K. 64 Pp.

D’Souza, E, (1997): The Indian army and conservation: Saving the Blacknecked Crane. Hornbill 1997(2): 10-12.

Gole, P. (1981): Black-necked Cranes in Ladakh, /«: Crane Research around the World (Eds: Lewis, J.C. & H. Masatomi): Proceedings of the International Crane Symposium at Sapparo, Japan in 1980. International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin. Pp. 197-203.

Gole, P. (1987): Future of Blacknecked Crane in the Indian subcontinent. In: Proceedings of the 1983 International Crane Worshop, Bharatpur, India (Eds: Archibald, G.W. & R.F. Pasquier): International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin. Pp. 51-54.

Gopi Sundar, K.S. (1999): The Sams in Jammu, the Fulvous Whistling-Duck in north Bengal and birds in Pondicherry Lfniversity campus - a reply. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(3): 41-43.

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Hussain, S. A. (1985): Status of Blacknecked Crane in Ladakh - 1983 problems and prospects. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 82: 449-458.

Khacher, L. (1981): Conservation needs of Blacknecked Cranes of Bhutan, Arunachal Pradesh and Ladakh. Proceedings of the International Crane Symposium at Sapporo, Japan in 1980. In\ (Eds: Lewis, J. C. & H. Masatomi): Crane research around the world. International Crane Foundation, Wis- consin, U. S. A. Pp. 204-211.

Narayan,G., A. Akhtar, L. Rosalind & E. D’Cunha (1986): Blacknecked Crane {Grus nigricollis) in Ladakh - 1986.7. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83 (SuppL): 180-195.

Nurbu, C. (1987): Notes on the Black-necked Crane in Ladakh. Proc. 1983 International Crane Workshop. Baraboo, Wisconsin: ICF. Pp. 55-56.

Pfister, O. (1995): The Cranes of Hanley. Sanctuary Asia 15(6): 28-32.

Pfister, O. (1997): Black-necked Cranes acting as foster parents. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 25: 58.

Rosalind, L. (1987): A sojourn in Ladakh. Hornbill 1987(2): 3-6.

Rails, Crakes, Moorhens, Coots

Mukherjee, R. (1983): Whitebreasted Waterhens in Jammu and Kashmir and Black Kalj (sic) in Himalayan forest. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 23(11-12): 12-13.

Bustards

Mitchell, F. J. (191 1): Little Bustard {Otis tetrax) in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 1154.

Nedou, H. (1972): The Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata (Jacquin) in Kashmir, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 69: 420.

Jacanas

Betterton, F. A. (1947): The altitudinal limit of the Pheasant-tailed Jacana [Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scopoli)]. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47: 384.

Jackson, P. (1999): An historic observation of the Pheasant-tailed Jacana. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39 (6): 88-89.

Livesey, T.R. (1921): Eggs of the Pheasant-tailed Jacana {H. chirurgus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27(4): 954.

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Plovers, Dotterels, Lapwings

Loke W.T. (1956): Experiences with Little Ringed-Plover. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 54: 185-188. Ibisbill, Avocets & Stilts

Phillips, B. T. (1945): Photographing the Ibisbill {Ibidorhyncha struthersii Gould): J. Bombay Nat.

Hist. Soc. 45: 347-352.

Stable, R.H. (1927): A lost snipe. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32(2): 374-375.

Gulls, Terns & Noddies

Whistler, H, (1936): Arctic Tem in Kashmir. Ibis Series 13, Vol. 6: 600-601.

Cuckoos, Malkohas & Coucals

Jamdar, N. ( 1 987): Occurrence of Pied Crested Cuckoo (Clamator jacobinus) in Sum Valley, Ladakh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 84: 208-209.

Loke, W. T. (1945): Strange death of a young Cuckoo {Cuculus canorus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 45: 419-420.

Loke W.T. (1952): Common Cuckoo {Cuculus canorus) parasitising Plumbeous Redstart. J. Bombay

Nat Hist Soc. 50: 658.

Rodrigo, R.K, (1998): A sight record of the Red-faced Malkoha. Phaenicophaeus pyrrohocephalus from Haputale forest range. Sri Lanka Naturalist 2(3): 19-20.

Owls

Osmaston, B. B. (1926): The Rock Horned Owl in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.

31: 523-524.

Pfister, O. (1999): Owls in Ladakh. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 29: 22-28.

Sclater, P. L. (1860): Exhibition of specimen of Bubo bubo from Pangong Lake. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part 28: 99.

Shelley, B. A. G. (1895): The nesting of the Long-eared Owl {Asio otus) in India. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 10: 149.

Kingfishers

Magrath, H. A. F. (1912): Note on the Common Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida). J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 21: 661-662.

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Bee-eaters

Abrol, D. P. (1994): Seasonal activity, population dynamics and behaviour of Bee Eater birds (Coraciformes: Meropidae) attacking honeybees. Pavo 32: 153-159.

Rollers

Abdulali, H. (1936): The distribution of the Kashmir Roller {Coracias garrula semenowi Loudon & Tschusi): J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 38: 622.

Hoopoes

Bomford, T. (1908): A Hoopoe incident. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 904-905.

Woodpeckers

Osmaston, B. B. (1922): Woodpecker occupying nesting box. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 1137-1138.

Larks

Whistler, H. (1932): On some larks of the Kashmir state. Ibis Series 13, Vol. 2: 470-479.

Swallows & Martins

Gould, J. (1858): Description of two new species of the family Hirundinidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part 26: 355-356.

Whistler, H. (1937): The breeding Swallow of the western Himalayas. Ibis Series 14, Vol. 1 : 413-415. Wagtails & Pipits

Fenton, L. L. (1910): Breeding of the Masked Wagtail (Motacilla per sonata) in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19: 992.

Bulbuls & Finchbills

Suhail, I. (1998): White-cheeked Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys nesting indoors. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(4): 67-68.

Shrikes

Biswas, B. (1950): On the shrike Lanins tephronotus (Vigors), with remarks on the erythronotus and tricolor groups of Lanins schach Linn?, and their hybrids. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 444-455.

Dippers

Ali, R. (1967): The Brown Dipper {Cinclns pallassi) as a host of a cuckoo (Cncnlns sp. ). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 64(3): 561.

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Gould, J. (1859): On two new species of Cinclus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of Lon- don, Part 27 : 493-494.

Pfister, O. (1999): Observations on dippers, including the sordidus morph of White-throated Dip- per in Ladakh, India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 30: 26-30.

Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails, Wheatears

Loke W.T, (1952): Common Cuckoo {Cuculus canorus) parasitising Plumbeous Redstart. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 658.

Narang, M.L. (1993): Some notes on the habits and habitats of Whitecapped Redstart Chaimarrornis leucocephalus lyigoxs): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90(3): 515-517.

Osmaston, B. B. (1925): Breeding of the Eastern White-spotted Bluethroat {Cyanosylvia cyanecula abbotti): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 477.

Zahler, P., N.I. Dar & A. Karim (1998): Possible breeding by Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis (Lirm.) in North Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 95(1): 116-1 1 17.

Babblers, Laughingthrushes, Babaxes, Barwings, Yuhinas

MacDonald, M. (1959): Communal nest-feeding in babblers. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56: 132-133.

Mukheijee, R. (1983): Notes on breeding of Western Yelloweyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense hypocolium (Franklin) in Jammu District. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 23(5-6): 9-10.

Goldcrest, Prinias, Teslas, Warblers

Alexander, H.G. (1950): Some notes on the genus Phylloscopus in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49(1): 9-13.

Baker, E.C.S. (1932): On the eggs of Phylloscopus griseolus. Ibis series 13, Vol. 2(2): 393-394.

Deignan, H. G. (1956): A final word on the nomenclature of the Himalayan goldcrests. Ibis 76: 106.

Jamdar, N. (1988): On the singing posture of the Strongfooted Bush Warbler {Cettia fortipes): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 85: 194.

Kinnear, N.B. (1931): The Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria in Gilgit. Ibis Series 13, Vol. 1(3): 575. Mountfort, G. (1971): Occurrence of the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs in Gilgit. Ibis 113(1); 109.

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Osmaston, B. B. (1925): Viper and white-throat. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 707.

Osmaston, B.B. (1932): On the eggs of Phylloscopus griseolus. Ibis series 13, Vol. 2(3): 563-564.

Price, T. & N. Jamdar (1988): Warblers: in a Kashmir sanctuary. Sanctuary Asia 8(4): 44-51.

Price, T. & N. Jamdar (1989): Where 8 leaf warblers breed. Hornbill (2): 7-11.

Price, T. D. & N. Jamdar (1 991a): Breeding biology of the Yellowbrowed Leaf Warbler P/iytocopMS' inornatus in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 1-16.

Price, T. D. & N. Jamdar (1991b): Breeding of eight sympatric species of Phylloscopus warblers in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 242-255.

Whistler, H. (1931): The breeding Chiffchaff of Ladakh. Ibis series 13, Vol. 1: 91-92.

Whistler, H. (1932): On the eggs of Phylloscopus griseolus. Ibis series 13, Vol. 2(1): 21 1-213.

Flycatchers

Bums, P. F. ( 1 987): Separation in the hand of Whitebrowed Blue Flycatcher Muscicapa superciliaris and Slaty Blue Flycatcher leucomelanura. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 84(3): 684-685.

Monarch-Flycatchers & Paradise-Flycatchers

Magrath, H.A.F. (1912): The Paradise Flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21(2): 660.

Tits

Gaston, A. J. (1980): Roosting behaviour of flocks of the Crested Black Tit {Parus melanolophus): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 76: 517-518.

Jamdar, N. & T. Price (1990). Simla Black Tit Parus rufonuchalis and Rufousbellied Crested Tit Parus rubidiventris breeding sympatrically in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 87: 302-303.

Whistler, H. (1923): Double nest of the Kashmir Great Tit {Parus major kashmiriensis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 837.

Nuthatches, Wallcreeper

Jamdar, N. (1987): An interesting feeding behaviour of the Whitecheeked Nuthatch {Sitta leucopsis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 84: 443.

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Finches

Bates, R. S. P. (1938): Rose-finches and other birds of the Wardwan Valley. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 183-190.

Bates, R. S. P. ( 1960): The nesting habits ofthe Goldfinch (Linn.) &C. caniceps

Vigors. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 57: 339-347.

Gould, J. (1837): Characterization of a species of the genus Carduelis. Proceedings of the Zoologi- cal Society of London, Part 5: 90.

Harrop, A. (1988): Seasonal status of Mongolian Finch in Ladakh. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 8: 31.

Hume, A. O. (1873): Fringilatdda nemoricola Hodgson, Fringilauda sordida Stol. Stray Feathers 1 : 41-43.

Parr, A. J. & P. R. Holmes (1989): Seasonal status of finches of the genus Rhodopechys in Ladakh. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 10(9): 36.

Sangha, H.S. & R. Naoroji (2004):Nesting of Great Rosefmch Carpodacus rubicilla at Loma, Ladakh, India. Forktail 20: 140.

Waters, H.P.E. (1947): On the nesting of the Red-browed Finch [Callacanthis burtoni (Gould)]. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46(4): 721-722.

Munias (Estrildid Finches)

Akhtar, S. A., P. Rao, J.K. Tiwari & S. Javed (1992): Spotted Munia Lonchura punctulata (Linn.) from Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 89: 129.

Mukherjee, R. (1979): Whitebreasted Munias (sic). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(1): 11.

Sparrows & Snowfinches

Gould, J. (1851): On a new species of the genus Montifringilla. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part 19 : 114-115.

Starlings & Mynas

Akhtar, S. A. (1990). Altitudinal range extension of the Brahminy Myna Sturnus pagodarum in Chushul, Ladakh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 87: 147.

Crows, Jays, Treepies, Magpies

Fenton, L. L. (1906): Food of the Himalayan Nutcracker {Nucifraga hemispila). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 229.

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Gould, J. (1849): Description of a new species of nutcracker. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part 17.- 23.

Nedou, H. (1966): Ravens and Brown Bear. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 747-748.

Sangha, H.S. & R. Naoroji (2003): High-altitude records of the House Crow Corvus splendens in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir, India. Forktail 19(2003): 141-142.

Zahler, P., N.I. Dar & K. Akhtar (1997): New record for Blackthroated Jay Garrulus lanceolatus (Vigors) in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 570.

Checklists

Cordeaux, W. W. (1894): List of birds observed in Dras and Sum. Ibis Series 6, Vol. 6: 367-374.

Holmes, P. R. & A. J. Parr (1988): A checklist of the birds of Haigam Rakh, Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 85: 465-473.

Peile, F. B. (1887): List of birds collected by Captain F, Babington Peile in Cashmere during the summer of 1887. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 2: 224.

Surveys

Malhotra, Y. R., N. Deskyong & P. C. Pathania (1996): Survey status of waterbird population in Lake Mansar. Pavo (34): 1-6.

Mishra, C. & B. Humbert-Droz (1998): Avifaunal survey of Tsomoriri Lake and adjoining Nuro Sumdo wetland in Ladakh, Indian trans-Himalaya. Forktail 14(August): 65-67.

Wetlands

Ahmad, K. (1997): Wetland near Srinagar town needs protection. 37(6): 102-103.

Anon (1993): Assessment of bird populations in Kashmir’s wetlands. Wetland News 5(2) & 6(1): 21-22.

Anon (1997): Inland wetlands: Ramsar sites. Buceros 2(1): 11-18.

Bates, R. S. P. (1929): A reed-bed in the Dal Lake, Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 33: 656-666. Bhatnagar, A.K. (1983): Dal Lake. Sanctuary Asia 3(3): 235.

Burton, R. W. (1926): Three months up the valley of the Sutlej River. Part IL J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31: 352-367.

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Denzau, H & G. Newmann (1983): Nature impresions of Dal Lake. Sanctuary Asia 3(3): 230-239.

Holmes, P. R. (1986): The avifauna of the Sum River Valley, Ladakh. Forktail 2: 21-41.

Humbert-Droz, B. & S. Dawa (2004): Appendix 5: Waterbird diversity of Ladakh. In: Biodiversity of Ladakh. Pp. 133-136.

Jamwal, K.K.S. (1991): Wetland Kashmir. Sanctuary Asia 11(2): 26-33.

Jamwal, K.K.S. (1994): Kashmir’s high altitude lakes. Sanctuary Asia 14(5): 30-33.

Milner, C. E. (1946): Bird notes on the Dhal Lake, Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46: 550-551.

Qadri, S.S. (1988): Ecological factors affecting waterfowl in the wetlands of Kashmir (abstract). Ph.D. Thesis, Uni. of Kashmir. Pp. 11.

Sharma, K.K., P. Singh, & S.P. Sharma (1999): Population dynamics of waterbirds in Gharana Wetland Reserve, Jammu, J.K. Pavo 37(1&2): 33-38.

Trisal, C.L. (1994): Ramsar Sites of India: Wular Lake. WWF India, New Delhi. Pp. 39.

Protected areas

Ahmad, K. (1999): Birds in Dachigam National Park. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(2): 22-23.

Anon (1990): Ecological cum management plan for Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir State, 1985-90. Srinagar: Dept, of Wildlife Protection, Jammu and Kashmir. Pp. 56.

Gaston, A.J. (1982): A national park for Kishtwar. Hornbill 1982(4): 10-14.

Kulkami, J, (1984): A trip to Dachigam and Hygam Sanctuaries in Kashmir. Hornbill 1984(4): 7-12.

Namgail, T. (2005): Winter birds of the Gya-Mim Wildlife Sanctuary, Ladakh, Jammu and Kash- mir, India. Indian Birds 1(2): 26-28.

Price, T. D. & N. Jamdar (1990): The breeding birds of Overa Wildlife Sanctuary, Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 87: 1-15.

Region

Adams, A. L. (1859): The birds of Cashmere and Ladakh. Proceedings of the Zoological Soci- ety of London 27: 169-190.

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Bailey, F. M. (1916); Notes from southern Tibet. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 72-78.

Barman, S. (1993): Avifauna of Udhampur (Jammu and Kashmir) District. In: Bird conservation, strategies for the 90s and beyond (Eds: Verghese, A., S. Sridhar & A.K. Chakravarty): Ornithologi- cal Society of India, Bangalore. Pp. 92-97.

Bates, R. S. P. (1936a): On the birds of the Kishenganga Valley, Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 38: 520-539.

Bates, R. S. P. (1936b): Exhibition of slides showing birds from the Kishenganga Valley, Kashmir. Bulletin of British Ornithological Club 56(394): 98.

Bates, R. S. P. (1942): A month in the Kazinag Range. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 60-72,

Bates, R. S. P. (1949): The Merbal Glen and some birds of the Pir Panjal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 399-411.

Bates, R. S. P. (1950): The lower Sind Valley, and some further observations on bird photography. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 178-187.

Buchanan, K. (1903):Nesting notes from Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 131-133.

Bulsara, F.F.C. (1978): ‘A birdwatcher at large - Ladakh, June-July 1976’. Hornbill 1978(April-June): 2-3.

Clement Francis, M. (2005): Birds of Ladakh, a colour feature. Indian Birds 1(5): 109-1 12.

Dar, M. & R.K. Gaur (1984): Ladakh. Sanctuary Asia 4(2): 125-129.

Davidson, J. (1898): A short trip to Kashmir. Ibis Series 7, Vol. 4: 1-42.

Dewar, D. (1923): Himalayan and Kashmiri birds. London: John Lane the Bodley Head. Pp. 200.

Dickinson, E. C. (1966): Notes on some birds seen in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 203-204.

Donald, C. H. (1952): Bird migration across the Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 5 1 ; 269-271 .

Gole, P. (1977): A birdwatcher at large - Ladakh, June-July 1976. Hornbill 1977(October-December); 21-27.

Ishar, M. S. (1995): Birds of Muradpur, district Rajouri, Jammu & Kashmir. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 56-57.

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Jackson, P. (1963): Birds in Ladakh in winter. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(3): 3-4.

Javed, S. (1992): Birds of Limber valley forest (Jammu and Kashmir): Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(5 & 6): 13-15.

Katti, M. V. (1989): Bird communities of lower Dachigam Valley, Kashmir. M.Sc. the- sis, Saurashtra University of Rajkot.

King, B. (1972): Notes from Kashmir. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(9): 13-14.

Koul, S. C. (1939): Birds of Kashmir. Srinagar: Lachman Dhar. Pp. 103.

Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh (1998): Kashmir and Ladakh. In: A Birdwatchers’ Guide to India. (Eds: Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh) Prion Ltd, Sandy. Pp. 103-117.

LaPersonne, V. S. (1928): A collecting trip to Ladak. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32: 505-517, 650-659.

Littledale, H. (1889): Rough notes of travel and sport in Kashmir and Little Thibet. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 4: 98-118.

Loke W.T. (1952): Kashmir revisited. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 51: 121-127.

Ludlow, F. (1920): Notes on the nidification of certain birds in Ladak. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27: 141-146.

MacDonald, D. W. & D. G. Henderson (1977): Aspects of the behaviour and ecology of mixed- species flocks in Kashmir. Ibis 119: 481-493.

Magrath, H. A. F. (1912a): Bird notes by the way in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21 : 545-552.

Magrath, H. A. F. (1912b): Morebirdnotesby the way in Kashmir. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 1304-1314.

Magrath, H. A. F. (1921): Kashmir bird notes. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 276-279.

Mallon, D. P. (1987):The winter birds of Ladakh. Forktail 3: 27-41.

Matthew, W.H. (1941): Bird notes from Baltistan. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.. 42(3): 658-663.

McMahon, A.H. (1899): Notes on the fauna of the Gilgit district. Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengalee: 105-109.

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Meinertzhagen, R. ( 1 927b): Systematic results of birds collected at high altitudes in Ladak and Sikkim. Ibis series 12, Vbk 3: 363-422, 571-633.

Naresh, M. B. V. (1996): Bird spotting in and around Poonch (Jammu & Kashmir): Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 87-89.

Newsome. J. (1927): Common birds in the Kashmir valley. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(3): 1-5.

Oberholser, H. C. (1900): Notes on birds collected by Doctor W. L. Abbott in Central Asia. Proc. U.s. Nat. Mus. 22(1 195): 205-228.

Osmaston, B. B. (1923): Bird-life in Gulmarg. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 493-502.

Osmaston, B. B. (1925a): Bird notes in Kashmir in winter. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 473-476.

Osmaston, B. B. (1925b): The birds of Ladakh. Ibis series 12, Vol. 1 : 663-719.

Osmaston, B. B. (1926a): Birds nesting in the Dras and Sum valleys. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31:1 86-1 96.

Osmaston, B. B. (1926b): Birds-nesting with a camera, a correction. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 3 1 : 224, '

Osmaston, B. B. (1926c): The birds of Ladakh. Ibis series 12, Vol. 2: 446-448.

Osmaston, B. B. (1927a): Notes on the birds of Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31: 975-999.

Osmaston, B. B. (1927b): Notes on the Birds of Kashmir. Part II. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. 5oc. 32: 134-153.

Osmaston, B. B. (1930): A tour in Further Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34: 108-134.

Pfister, O. (2005): Ladakh: 26 May-26 June 2004. Indian Birds 1(3): 57-61

Shawl, T. (1996): Birds of Rajouri. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 69-70.

Pfister, 0. (1996): Living desert: Travels through eastern Ladakh. Sanctuary Asia 16(3): 26-37.

Scully, J. (1881c): A contribution to the ornithology of Gilgit. (Reprint from the “Ibis.”). Stray Feathers 10(1,2&3): 88-146.

Shah, S.R. (1980): A trek in Ladakh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(10): 10-11.

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Ticehurst, C. B. (1926): The birds of Ladakh. Ibis Series 12, Vol. 2: 232-234.

Ward, A. E. (1907): Birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. J. Bombay Nat Hist SocAl: 479-485, 723-729, 943-949

Ward, A. E. (1906): Birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. Part I. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 17: 108-113.

Ward, A. E. (1908): Further notes on birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts./. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 18: 461-464.

Ward, A. E. (1923): Small game shooting in Kashmir and the adjacent hill provinces. J. Bombay

Nat Hist Soc. 29: 653-658.

Wathen, M. L, (1923): Ornithological notes from a trip in Ladak. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 29: 694-702. Watson, J. W. (1903): Notes on birds near Quetta. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 15: 144-145.

White, L. S. (1925): Notes on the ‘Ornithology of Kashmir’. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 471-473. Wilson, N. F. T. (1898): Nesting in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat Hist. Soc. 12: 634-641. Conservation

Sahi, D. N. (1993): Wildlife conservation sites in Kashmir Himalayas. Tigerpaper 20(2): 28-31. Miscellaneous

Abdulali, H. (1947): Abnormal egg clutches. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 47: 161-162.

Adams, A. L. (1859): Notes on the habits, haunts, etc. of some of the birds of India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 26: 466-512.

Anon. (1965): Recovery of ringed birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 61: 693.

Bates, R. S. P. (1923): Notes on Hugh Whistler’s ‘A contribution to the ornithology of Cashmere’ in Vol. XXVIII, No. 4. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 29: 798-802.

Bates, R.S.P. (1924): Birds’ nesting with a camera in India, part 2. / Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 30(1): 97-105.

Bates, R.S.P. (1925a): Birds nesting with a camera in India, part 4. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30(3): 600-609.

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Bates, R.S.P. (1925b): Birds nesting with a camera in India, part 5. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.. 30(4): 793-804.

Bates, R. S. P. (1935): Notes on the habits of some Indian birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 37: 902-91 1 .

Bates, R.S.P. (1948): Astanmarg. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48(1): 38-46.

Bates, R. S. P.& E. H. N. Lowther (1952): Breeding birds of Kashmir. Bombay: Oxford Uni- versity Press. Xxlii; Pp. 367.

Beresford, G. (1944): The winter foods of birds in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 45: 86-88.

Biddulph, J. (1881b): The birds of Gilgit. (reprint from the “Ibis”.). Stray Feathers 9(5&6): 301-366.

Biddulph, J. (1882): Further notes on the birds of Gilgit. Reprint from the “Ibis,” Stray Feathers 10(4): 257-278.

Blanford, W. T. (1894): Letter about birds observed in Dras and Suru by Lieut. W. W. Cordeaux. Ibis series 6, Vol. 6: 572-575.

Chundawat, R.S. (1992): In the high mountains of Ladakh. Sanctuary Asia 12(5): 14-23. Futehally, S. (1970): Birds on a Kashmir holiday. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(6): 1-3. Gauntlett, F. M. (1972): Notes on some Kashmir birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 69: 591-615. Gould, J. (1854): The birds of Asia, 6. By Author, London.

Gupta, A.P. (1982): A useful book for birdwatching in Kashmir. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(11-12): 12.

Hawkins, Edward L (1881): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 10(1,2&3): 172.

Humbert-Droz, B. & S. Dawa (2004): Faunal diversity. In: Biodiversity of Ladakh : 23-27.

Hume, A. O. (1874): Novelties. Stray Feathers 2: 503-523.

Hume, A. (1983): Stray notes on Ornithology in India. Cheetal 25(1): 10-19.

Inayatullah, M. (1985): Jasrota - Jammu’s forest of peace. Sanctuary Asia 5(4): 342-349.

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Koul, S. C. (1930): Vernacular names for Kashmir birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34: 571-573.

Koul, S.C. (1934): The dawn carol of birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 37(3): 736-737.

Koul, S. C. (1947): Morning song of birds (24th May 1947). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 47: 386-387.

Koul, S. C. (1948): Morning and evening song of birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 185-187.

Lokaranjan, R. (1971): Delightful distractions. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(11): 1-2.

Loke, W.T. (1946): A bird photographer in Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46: 431-436.

Loke, W.T. (1952): Photographing birds with the highspeed flash. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 50: 785-786.

MacDonald, D.W. & D.G. Henderson (1977): Aspects of the behaviour and ecology of mixed- species bird flocks in Kashmir. Ibis 1 19(4): 481-493.

Mallon, D.P. (1987): The winter birds of Ladhak. Forktail 3(December): 27-41.

Nandi, N. C. & A. K. Mandal(1978): Studies on some haematozoa from Jammu and Kashmir, In- dia. Bulletin of Zoological Survey of Indial : 103-106.

Narendra (1980): Birdwatching in Kashmir. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(5): 6-7.

Osmaston, B.B. (1926a): Birds-nesting with a camera - a correction. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31(1): 224.

Osmaston, B.B. (1926b): Letter to the Editor. Ibis Series 12, Vol. 2(2): 446-448.

Pfister, O. (2001): Birds recorded during visits to Ladakh, India from 1994 to 1997. Forktail 17: 81-90.

Phillips, B. T. (1946-47): A bird-photographers musings from Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46: 89-103,486-500; 47: 84-102.

Phillips, B.T. (1947): A bird photographer’s musings from Kashmir. Part III. Birds of a Srinagar garden, y. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 47(1): 84-102.

Price, T., J. Zee, K. Jamdar and N. Jamdar (2003): Bird species diversity along the Himalaya: A comparison of Himachal Pradesh with Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. 5'oc.(100): 394-410.

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Richmond, C. W. (1896): Catalogue of a collection of birds made by Dr. W. L. Abbott in Kashmir, Baltistan and Ladak, with notes on some of the species, and a description of a new species of Cyanecula. Proc. U S. Nat. Mus. 18: 451-503.

Ripley, S. D. (1952): Review: Breeding birds of Kashmir. Wilson Bulletin 64(4): 249-250. '

Robson, C. (1988): Recent reports: India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 8 (Autumn): 34.

Sahni, A., V.J. Gupta, B. Prakash & B.S. Kotlia (1986): Fossil bird egg shell fragments from Karewas of Kashmir Valley (J&K), India: a scanning electron microscope study. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83(3): 623-631.

Shuttleworth, A.R.B. (1921): Some curious nesting places. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28(1): 285-286.

Stairmand, D.A. (1976): A Kashmir holiday. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(5): 3-6.

Stoliczka, F. (1868): Ornithological observations in the Sutlej valley, N. W. Himalaya. Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal 37(2): 1-70.

Stoliczka, F. (1874a): Letter about birds seen and collected in Kashmir and Ladakh. Stray Feathers 2: 461-463.

Stoliczka,F. (1874b): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 2(4&5): 461-463.

Ticehurst, C.B. (1926): Letter to the Editor. Ibis series 12, Vol. 2(1): 232-234.

Unwin, W.A. (1897): Late stay of wild fowl. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 1 1(1): 169.

Ward, A.E. (1906a): Birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. Part I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17(1): 108-113.

Ward, A.E. (1906b): Birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. Part II. Fam. Laniidae. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17(2): 479-485.

Ward, A.E. (1907a): Birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. Part III. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17(3): 723-729.

Ward, A.E. (1907b): Birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. Part IV. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17(4): 943-949.

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Ward, A.E. (1908): Further notes on birds of the provinces of Kashmir and Jammu and adjacent districts. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18(2): 461-464.

Ward, A.E. (1922a): Game animals of Kashmir and adjacent hill provinces. Part 2. J. Bombay Nat Mist. Soc. 28(2): 334-344.

Ward, A.E. (1922b): Game animals of Kashmir and adjacent hill provinces, part 4. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 28(4): 874-882.

Ward, A.E. (1924): The mammals and birds of Kashmir and the adjacent hill provinces. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30(1): 118-131.

Ward, A.E. (1925a): The mammals and birds of Kashmir and the adjacent hill provinces, part 3. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 30(2): 253-259.

Ward, A.E. (1925b): The mammals and birds of Kashmir and the adjacent hill provinces, part 4. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 30(3): 509-524.

Ward, A.E. (1925c): The mammals and birds of Kashmir and the adjacent hill provinces, part 5. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 30(4): 719-724.

Ward, A.E. (1928): The mammals and birds of Kashmir and the adjacent hill provinces, part 8. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 33(1): 65-72.

Whistler, H. (1922): A contribution to the ornithology of Cashmere. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 28: 990-1006.

Whistler, H. (1928): A correction to Mr. B. B. Osmaston’s notes on the birds of Kashmir. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 32: 607-608.

White, L.S. (1925): Notes on the “ornithology of Kashmir”. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 30(2): 471-473.

Whymper, S.L. (1906): Sites of birds’ nests. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 17(1): 236-237.

Wiltshire, E. P. (1954): Narrative of a trek and of natural history observations in Kashmir in May- June, 1942. y. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 51: 825-838.

Wynter-Blyth, M.A. (1953): A naturalist in the north-west Himalaya. Part III. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc..5\{2y. 393-406.

Youth, H. (1994): Flying in to trouble. Sanctuary Asia 14(2): 28-37, 61-66.

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JHARKHAND

Jharkhand is one of the recently formed states of India; it was carved out of Bihar on November 1 , 2000, It accounts for 45% of former Bihar’s geographical area, mainly the Chotanagpur plateau. It is one of the most important mineral-producing states of the country (Ministry of Environment and Forest 2001): The total area of the State is 79,714,00 ha, about 2.4% of the country’s geographical area. The State is bounded by Bihar on the north, West Bengal on the east, Madhya Pradesh on the west and by Orissa on the south. Jharkhand has a forest-dwelling tribal population of about 22.5%. The total human population of the State is 26.91 million (2.6% of the country’s population), of which the rural population is 78% (2001 Census): The population density is 338 persons per sq. km.

Vegetation

According to the Forest Survey of India report 200 1 , Jharkhand ranks 1 0"" among all the States and Union Territories of India in respect of the area under forest cover. The dense forest distributed in the northwest and the southeast of the State constitutes about 1 5%, the open forest areas are evenly distributed in the north, central and southeastern parts of the State and constitute about 1 3.6%, and the non-forested area is about 7 1 .6%. The total recorded forest area is about 23,605 sq. km, which contains reserve forest of about 1 8.6%, protected forest of 8 1 .3% and unclassified forest about 0. 1 % (Ministiy of Environment and Forest 200 1 ): The main forest types are (a) Peninsular Dry and Moist Sal Forests, (b) Hill Valley Swamp Forest, (c) Moist Sal Savannah, (d) Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest, (e) Riverine Forest, (f) Bamboo and Cane brakes (Ministry of Environment and Forest 1999).

The increase in the forest cover in the Santhal Pargana and the Gaya district is mainly due to plantation of Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia catechu, Eucalyptus spp., Acacia spp. raised during the early 1990s. Losses in Singhbhum and Hazaribagh districts are mainly due to encroachments and also due to the transfer of about 2 sq. km of forest area to the Kiribum mines in the Singhbhum district and 7 sq. km of forest area to the Piparwar Coal Project of Central Coalfields Ltd. in the Hazaribagh district (Ministry of Environment and Forest 200 1 ).

AVIFAUNA

Jharkhand is one of the least studied states and the information on birds is meager. A bird checklist of the State is not available. The only ornithological work (e.g. Jamal Ara) was conducted nearly 40 years ago vdien Jharkhand was a part of Bihar. Later, Shahi ( 1 982) published some articles on poaching crises, which also dealt with areas, which are now in Bihar. Nevertheless, in Palamau Tiger Reserve about 1 70 bird species have been recorded (Sinha and Mukheijee 1 995), including six globally threatened species and 33 Biome-restricted species. Although none of the globally threatened species have significant populations in this forest.. Al- though the core area of 21 ,300 ha is good for birds of Dry Deciduous Forest (Biome-1 1): This site is important because of the biome-restricted assemblage of bird species.

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Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary is rich in avifauna although a systematic survey needs to be done here in order to know more about birds and their density and abundance. In 1 996, Ara (1966) published a preliminary list of 97 bird species. Since then, no further study has been conducted on birds in this Sanctuary. The site has the typical Dry Deciduous Forest of central India. Based on the biome clas- sification of BirdLife International (undated), it lies in the Indo-Malayan Tropical Dry Zone (Biome- 11).

Udhuwa Lake Bird Sanctuary is situated in the northeastern part of the State and here also not much work has been done, but Choudhary et al. (1992) have identified 83 species of birds, including many forest species. The list includes such rarities as Nordmann’s Greenshank or Spotted Greenshank Tringa guttifer. This however, needs to be reconfirmed. A. Mishra {pers. comm. 2001) has sighted the Near Threatened Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus. If the site is properly pro- tected, it has great potential to become an important waterfowl refuge (A. Mishra pers. comm. 2001).

REFERENCES

Ara, J. (1966): Hazaribagh National Park (Bihar) re-visited, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 62: 123-138.

BirdLife International (2001): Threatened Birds of Asia. BirdLife International Red Data Book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

BirdLife International (undated): Important Bird Areas (IB As) in Asia: Project briefing book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K., unpublished.

Choudhary, S. K., A. Mishra, T. K. Ghosh & A. Jha (1992): Udhuwa Lake Bird Sanctuary: Status Report I. Mandar Nature Club, Bhagalpur. Pp. 26.

Jain, P. (2001): Project Tiger Status Report, Project Tiger Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi. Unpublished.

Ministry of Environment and Forests (1999): State of Forest. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun. Ministry of Environment and Forests (2001): State of Forest. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun. Shahi, S. P. (1982): Bird Massacre in Manjhul. Hornbill 3: 17-22.

Sinha, S. P. & S. K. Mukherjee (1995): The Management of Palamau Tiger Reserve: A Report. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. Pp 24.

Vagholekar, N. (in press): Mining impacts on wildhfe habitat-a national picture, Kalpavriksh, Pune.

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The information given above is obtained from Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation*^ (Islam & Rahmani 2004).

Islam, M.Z. & A.R. Rahmani (2004): Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation. Indian Bird Conservation Network: Bombay Natural History Society and Birdlife International (UK): Pp. xxvii+1133.

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Bibliography

Abdulali, H. (1983): Occurrence of the Great Crested Grebe, Podiceps chstatus (Linn.) at Ranchi, Bihar. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 80: 414-415.

Ara, J. (1962): The Green Willow Warbler. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(3): 1 -3.

Ara, J. (1962): The Crimsonbreasted Barbet, Megalaima haemacephala. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2{5): 1-3.

Ara, J. (1951): Morning and evening bird calls. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(2): 407-413.

Ara, J. (1952): The mating habits of the House-Crow (Corvus splendens) and Pied Myna (Sturnus contra). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(4): 940-941.

Ara, J. (1953): Count of bird nests in a small town: Doranda, suburb of Ranchi, Bihar state. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 51(4): 839-845.

Ara, J. (1958): Variation in the output of song of a Spotted Dove, Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli): J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 55(1): 161-166.

Ara, J. (1960): A cursory ecological survey of the flora and fauna of the Hazaribagh National Park (Bihar): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 57: 325-338.

Ara, J. (1963): Unusual visitors to Ranchi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(10): 8.

Ara, J. (1966):HazaribaghNational Park (Bihar) re-visited, y. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 123-138.

Ara, J. (1969): Avifauna of Singhbhum. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(9): 1-5.

Ara, J. (1971a): Pied Crested Cuckoo in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(7): 12.

Ara, J. (1971b): The avifauna of Harhap - a small isolated reserved forest in Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(11): 6-10.

Baillie,R. H. (1946): Hazaribagh bird recordings. J. BengalNat. Hist Soc. 20: 111-127.

Bulu Imam (1997): Third Golden Crow in Hazaribagh, South Bihar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37: 30

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Futehally, Z ( 1 97 1 ) : Notes & comments. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1 1 (3) : 1 0.

Futehally, Z. (1977): Bird life in Bokaro Steel City. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 17(10): 8-10.

Gupta, H.S. (2004): Emerald or Bronze Dove Chalcophaps indica in Saranda Forest Division, Jharkhand. Zoo’s Print Journal\9{\\): 1676.

Jameson, S. (1971): ‘Birds of Jamshedpur.’ Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1 1(8): 12-13.

Krishna, M.B. (1976): Crow’s cache Corvus splendens. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(7): 11.

Law, S. C. (1927). On Pericrocotus speciosus speciosus (Lath.) occurring in Ranchi district, Chota Nagpur. Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal (2)23: 343-344.

Mooney, H. F. (1934): Occurrence of the Purple Wood-Pigeon [Alsocomus puniceus (Tickell)] in Singhbhum Dist., Bihar and Orissa. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 37: 735.

Sharma, A. (2001): Sighting of an albino Asian Pied Starling {Sturnus contra) at Jamsedpur city. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 41(4): 55.

Singh, B. (1996): Do Green Bee-eaters pair for life? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36(5): 87. Swami, V. N. (1971): Birds of Jamshedpur. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(6): 4-5.

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UTTAR PRADESH

Uttar Pradesh (23° 52' - 30° 24' North and 77° 5' - 84° 38' East) has a very ancient and interesting history. Uttar Pradesh is bounded by Uttaranchal and Nepal on the north; Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh on the south; Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi on the west and Bihar and Jharkhand on the east. It has a geographical area of 24,092,800 ha, about 7.3% of the land area of the country (Ministry of Environment and Forests 2001): Despite its bifurcation in November 2000 into Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh, i+ is still one of the largest and most densely populated states in India. It has been divided into 70 administrative districts.

Uttar Pradesh comprises three physiographic regions namely, the submontane region lying between the Himalayas and the plains, the vast alluvial Gangetic plains and the southern hills and plateau. All the rivers except the Gomati and the Chambal emerge from the Himalayas. The State is fed by five major rivers, the Ganga, the Yamuna, the Ramganga, the Gomati and the Ghaghra, which drain into the Bay of Bengal. More than one-fourth of Uttar Pradesh lies within the Gangetic plains consisting of alluvial deposits brought down from the Himalayas by the Ganga, Yamuna and their tributaries. The southern hills form part of the Vindhya range whose elevation rarely exceeds 300 m.

Uttar Pradesh is one of the poorest states in India. It has low income and low productivity levels, low degree of urbanization, widespread illiteracy, high birth and death rates, and low levels of investment. It is one of the most populous States, supporting 1 6.2% of India’s population. The total population is 1 66.05 million (2001 census) of which 79.2% is rural and 20.8% urban. The population density is 689 persons per sq. km.

Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains and oilseeds in the country. The State leads in the production of wheat, maize, barley, grain, sugercane and potatoes. It has world famous cities and sites such as Agra (Taj Mahal, Sikandara, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri), Varanasi and Mathura (Hindu pilgrimage centers), and Allahabad (where the Ganga and Yamuna rivers meet):

The State has a diverse range of habitats for birds and other biodiversity that include forest areas in the sub-Himalayan terai and also the Dry Deciduous Forests of the Bundelkhand regions bordering Madhya Pradesh and Chhatisgarh. According to the Forest Survey of India report of 200 1 , the forest area in the State is 16,826,000 ha which is about 2.2% of India forest and 7% of the States geographical area.

The State has a tropical climate with a wide temperature fluctuation from 2 °C to 48 °C. There are three main seasons: summer from March to mid-June; the rainy season from mid-June to September; and, winter from October to February. There is a great variation in rainfall. The bhabhar area has an average rainfall from 1 300 to 1 900 mm, whereas in the terai it varies from 1 200 to 2500 mm. In the Gangetic plains the rainfall varies from 600 to 1200 mm.

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Vegetation

By legal status, Reserved Forest constitutes 65 .9%, Protected Forest 1 4.4% and Unclassed Forest 1 9.7% (Ministry of Environment and Forests 2001 ); There are three forest types, namely Tropical Moist Decidu- ous, Tropical Dry Deciduous and Tropical Thom. Sal is an important forest formation of the State. Forests are distributed largely in the northern and partly in the southern parts of the State. The central part is devoid of forest vegetation as it is mainly under agriculture. A forest cover increase was recorded by the Forest Survey of India report of 1 999, in the districts of Hardoi, Kheri, Saharanpur, because plantation was under taken 4-5 years earlier and also due to effective protection measures. A decrease in forest cover was observed in the districts of Banda, Jhansi, Mirzapur, and Sonbhadra, which was largely on account of biotic pressures.

Uttar Pradesh has been categorized into three major eco-zones on the basis of forest and vegetation types. These tliree zones are: the Terai region; the Gangetic plains (West and East Uttar Pradesh); the Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh including the Vindhya ranges.

The terai region of Uttar Pradesh is a very important ecosystem for many threatened species of tall wet grasslands and swamps (Rahmani 1 987, 1 988, 1 992, 1 996, Javed 1 996) and is the topmost priority for conservation (Rahmani and Islam 2000): It supports many threatened bird species such as the Swamp Francolin Francolinus gularis (Javed et al. 1 999, Iqubal et al. 2003) and Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis (Rahmani etal. 1991): Earlier, the terai was continuous, but now it occurs in pockets in protected areas of India and Nepal such as the Royal Chitwan National Park (NP), Royal Bardia NP, Royal Parsa Wildlife Reserve and Royal Sukhlaphanta Wildlife Reserve in Nepal, and Kartemiaghat Wild- life Sanctuary ( WLS), Kishanpur WLS, and Dudwa NP in Uttar Pradesh and Valmiki WLS in Bihar.

AVIFAUNA

The bird life of Uttar Pradesh is rich and varied. More than 500 species are found (A. R. Rahmani unpublished), including some extremely rare ones. Among the Critically Endangered species. Ori- ental White-backed Vulture Gyps bengalensis. Long-billed Vulture G. indicus and Slender-billed Vulture G. tenuirostris are found in this State. BirdLife International (2001) has listed ten Endan- gered species, of which, the Bengal Florican, the White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala and Lesser Florican Sypheotides indica are occasionally seen, and the Greater Adjutant Leptoptilos dubius has not been recorded recently (Rahmani et al 1990): In this State, 20 out of 57 vulnerable species have been recorded. BirdLife International (2001) has listed 52 Near Threatened bird spe- cies from India, 14 of which occur in Uttar Pradesh. The wetlands and tall grasslands of Uttar Pradesh are very important sites for the conservation of the Black-necked Stork and Rufous-rumped Grassbird Graminicola bengalensis (earlier known as Large Grass Warbler): Earlier, Rahmani (1989), and recently Gopi Sunder and Kaur (2001) have shown that the wetlands of Uttar Pradesh are the major strongholds of the Black-necked Stork.

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A species that needs special attention is the Hodgson’s Bushchat Saxicola insignis. It is also known as the White-throated Bushchat or Hodgson’s Stonechat. It has a much localized breeding range in the moun- tains of Mongolia where it is difficult to study. Its winter range is the northern Gangetic plains and the duars of northern India and the terai of Nepal. From the comparatively little information available it is probably the scarcest species in its genus (Urquhart 2002): In northern India, it has been reported from Ambala in the west to northern Bengal in the east (Ali and Ripley 1 987): It is found in heavy grassland, reeds and tamarisks along riverbeds and cane fields. Earlier it was recorded in Kanpur, Gonda, Faizabad, Basti, and Gorakhpur (BirdLife International 2001 , Urquhart 2002) but there is a recent record only from Corbett (Bose et al. 1989): Javed and Rahmani (1998) did not record it in Dudwa. However, looking at the paucity of reliable birdwatchers in Uttar Pradesh, development of tall grasslands and marshes on seepages of the vast canal systems of the State, and extant tall grasslands along major rivers, this species is likely to be present in many areas.

REFERENCES

Ali, S. & S. D Ripley (1987): Compact Edition of the Handbook of India and Pakistan (Second Edition): Oxford University Press, Delhi.

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Bose, A. K., J. Curson & N. Jarman (1989): Report on birds in some national parks and other areas of special interest in India and Nepal ‘8 8-’ 89. Unpublished report.

Gopi Sunder, K. S. & J. Kaur (2001): Distribution and nesting sites of the Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus.J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 98(2): 276-278.

Howes, J. R. (Ed.) (1995): Conservation and Sustainable use of Floodplain Wetlands. Asian Wet- land Bureau, Kuala Lumpur. (Proceedings of the workshop on the Conservation and Sustainable use of Floodplain Wetlands, December 1993, Calcutta-AWB Publication No. 113): Pp. 123 .

Iqubal, P., P. J. K. McGowan, J.P. Carroll & A.R. Rahmani (2003): Home range size, habitat use and nesting success of Swamp Francolin Francolinus gularis on agricultural land in Northern India. Bird Conservation International 13(2): 127-138.

Islam, M. Z. & A. R. Rahmani, (2002): Threatened Birds of India. Buceros Vol. 7 (1 & 2):

Javed, S. (1996): Study on bird community structure of Terai Forest, in Dudwa National Park. Ph.D. thesis. Department of Wildlife Sciences, AMU, Aligarh.

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Javed, S. (2000): Current status and distribution of Swamp Francolin {Francolinus gularis) in the North Indian terai. Aligarh: Department of Wdldlife Sciences, Aligarh Muslim Univeristy.

Javed, S. &A. R. Rahmani (1998): Conservation of the avifauna of Dudwa National Park, India. Forktail 14: 55-64.

Javed, S., Q. Qureshi & A. R Rahmani (1999): Conservation status and distribution of swamp francolin in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 96: 16-23.

Ministry of Environment and Forests (2001): Status of Forest of India. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun.

Rahmani, A. R. (1987): Endangered birds of the Indian grasslands: their conservation requirements. In: Rangelands - Resources and Management. Proceedings of the National Rangeland Symposium (Eds.: Singh, P. & P. S. Pathak): Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi. pp. 421-427.

Rahmani, A. R. (1988): Grassland Birds ofthe Indian Subcontinent: A Review. In: Ecology and Conservation of Grassland Birds (Ed.: Goriup, P D.): ICBP Technical Publication No. 7. ICBP, Cambridge, U.K. Pp 187-204.

Rahmani, A. R. (1989): Status of the Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus in the Indian subcontinent. Forktail 5: 99-110.

Rahmani, A. R. (1992): Threatened Fauna of the Indian Grasslands. In: Tropical Ecosystems - Ecology and Management (Eds.: Singh, K. P. & J. S. Singh): Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi. Pp 143-150.

Rahmani, A. R. (1996): Management priorities for steppe birds in India. In: Conservacion de las Aves Esteparias y su Habitat (Eds.: Gutierrez, J. F. & J. Sanz-Zuasti): Junta de Castilla y Leon, Valladolid, Spain. Pp 59-68.

Rahmani, A. R. (2001): Status of the Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis in Uttar Pradesh, India. Pp 1 1. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai.

Rahmani, A. R. & M. Z. Islam (2000): Prioritization of the Indian Grasslands for Conservation of Biodiversity. In\ Setting Biodiversity Conservation Priorities for India (Eds. Singh, S., A. R. K. Sastry, R. Mehta & V. Uppal): WWF-India, New Delhi, Pp. xxvii + 707.

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Rahmani,A. R., G Narayan & L, Rosalind (1990): Status oftheGreaterAdjutant(Ie/?to/>tz7o5' JwZ)/w5')in the Indian Subcontinent. Colonial Waterbirds 13(2): 139-142.

Rahmani, A. R., G. Narayan, L. Rosalind, R. Sankaran & U. Ganguli-Lachungpa (1991): Status of the Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 349-375.

Sankaran, R. (1989): Dudhwa: The last of the Indian Terai. Sanctuary Asia 9(1): 14-29.

Urquhart, E. (2002): Stonechats.- A guide to the Genus Saxicola. Christopher Helm, London. Pp 320.

The information given above is obtained from ^Hmportant Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation^’’ (Islam & Rahmani 2004).

Islam, M.Z. & A.R. Rahmani (2004): Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation. Indian Bird Conservation Network: Bombay Natural History Society and Birdlife International (UK): Pp. xxvii+1133.

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Pheasants, Partridges, Quails

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Talwar, R. (1995): The Mountain Quail (Ophrysia superciliosa). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 32-33.

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Yasmin, S. (1997): Group size and composition of Indian Peafowl {Pavo cristatus) in an agro-ecosystem at Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 478-482.

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Cranes

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Goip Sundar, K.S. (1999): Black-necked Storks, Sams Cranes and Drongo-Cuckoos. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(5): 71-72.

Gopi Sundar, K.S. (2005): Observ'ation of Mate change and other aspects of pair-bond in the Sams CranQ Grus antigone. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 102(1): 109-112.

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Pershouse, S. (1911): Nidification of the Sarus Crane {Grus antigone). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20(3): 854.

Prasad, S. N., N. K. P.amachandran, H.S. Das & D.F. Singh (1993): Sams congregation in Uttar Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33: 68.

Sauey, R. T., P. Das &V. Prakash(1987):Arecent survey ofthe 19th century wintering sites for Siberian Cranes in the Gangetic Basin. Proc. 1983 International Crane Workshop. Baraboo, Wisconsin: ICF.

Shiva Kumar, N. (2000): Black-necked Storks, Sarus Cranes and Drongo chicks. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40{\): 12.

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Singh, R., B. A. Khan & H. Vardhan (1983): Alternate wintering grounds & their ecology for Siberian Cranes. Paper presented at the International Crane Workshop, Bharatpur, 7- 1 0 Feb. 1 983 . Proceed, of the 1983 Intemat. Crane Workshop. P.147 .

Singh, N. (1963): Demoiselle Cranes as indicators of weather. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(1): 6. Xavier, N. K. (1995): Can a crane eat a crane ? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 38.

Rails, Crakes, Moorhens, Coots

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Bustards

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Anon (1990): Status and ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans, with reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail. Bombay: BNHS.

Markham, A. M. (1881): Letter about Likh Florican in Allahabad. Stray Feathers 10: 160.

Rahmani, A. R., G. Narayanan, L. Rosalind & R. Sankaran (1990): Status of the Bengal Florican in India, in Anon. Status and ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans with reports on Jerdon’s Courser & Mountain Quail Bombay: BNHS. Pp. 55-78.

Rahmani, A. R., G. Narayan & L. Rosalind (1988): Bengal Florican survey in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Assam. In: The Bengal Florican, status and ecology. Annual report 1986-87. Bombay: BNHS.

Rahmani, A. R., G. Narayan, L. Rosalind & R. Sankaran (1991): Status of the Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 349-375.

Rahmani, A.R. (2001a): The Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis in Dudwa. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4\ (3): 31-32.

Rahmani, A.R. (2001b): The Bengal Floricans ofDudhwa. Sanctuary Asia 2\(6): 22-21.

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Rahmani,A.R.,GNarayan,R. Saiikaran& L. Rosalind (1988): The Bengal Florican, status and ecology, annual report 1986-87. Bombay: BNHS.

Rayment, G.M. (1894): Eupodotis edwardsii. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 9(1): 107.

Sankaran, R. (1989): The Bengal Florican at Dudwa National Park in 1989. In: The Floricans Houbaropsis bengalensis and Sypheotides indica. Annual Report 1988-1989. (Eds: Narayan, G., R. Sankaran, L. Rosalind & A. R. Rahmani). Bombay: BNHS. Pp 25-32.

Sankaran, R. (1990a): The Bengal Florican in Dudwa National Park. In: Status and ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans with reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail (Ed: Anon): Bombay: BNHS. Pp. 45-54.

Sankaran, R. (1990b): Mountain Quail - a preliminary survey. In: Status and ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans with reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail. (Ed: Anon): Bombay: BNHS. Pp. 135-137.

Sankaran, R. (1991): Some aspects of the breeding behaviour of the Lesser Florican Sypheotides indica and the Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis. Ph. D. thesis. University of Bombay.

Sankaran, R. (1996): Territorial displays of the Bengal Florican. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 93: 167-177.

Sankaran, R. & A. R. Rahmani (1988): Status of Bengal Florican in Dudwa National Park. The Bengal Florican, status and ecology, annual report 1986-87. Bombay: BNHS.

Sankaran, R. & A. R. Rahmani (1990a): Status of the Lesser Florican in western IndiaStatus and ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans with reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail. Bombay: BNHS.

Sankaran, R. & A. R. Rahmani (1990b): The Bengal Florican in Dudwa National Park. In: Status and Ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans with Reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail. Final Report. Bombay: BNHS. Pp 45-54.

Wall, F. (1905): Winter plumage of the male Bengal Florican (Sypheotis bengalensis): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 388-389.

Sandpipers, Stints, Snipes, Godwits & Curlews

Spalding, W. B. (191 1): Jack Snipe in the Cawnpore District. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21 : 264.

Whymper, S. L. (1906): Nesting of the Ibis-bill {Ibidorhynchus struthersi) and the Common Sandpiper {Totanus hypoleucus): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 546-547.

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Ibisbill, Avocets & Stilts

Whymper, S. L. (1906): Nesting of the Ibis-bill {Ibidorhynchus struthersi) and the Common Sand- piper (ro/aww^ J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 546-547.

Whymper, S. L. (1910): A breeding ground of the Ibis-bill (Ibidorhyncha struthersi): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 519-520.

Gulls, Terns & Noddies

Alexander, H. G. (1950): Possible occurrence of the Black Tern, Chlidonias niger (L.) near Delhi.

J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 120.

Donahue, J. P. & U. Ganguli (1965). Notes on a colony of the Whiskered Tern [Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas)] in Delhi, with comments on its breeding status in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 62: 254-258.

Jones, A.E. (1941): King Crow bullying Terns. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 42(4): 931.

Skimmers

Gopi Sundar, K.S. (2004): Observtaions on breeding Indian Skimmers Rynchops albicollis in the National Chambal Sancturay, Uttar Pradesh, India. Forktail 20: 89-90.

Sandgrouse

Allen, G.O. (1919): Habits of the Painted Sand Grouse Pterocles fasciatus. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.. 26{2): 612.

Pigeons & Doves !i

Allen, G. O. (1920): The Red Turtle-dove (Oenopepelia t. tranquebarica) in Unao, U. P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 1044-1045.

Bhargava, R. (200 1 ): Record of Yellow-eyed Pigeon Columba eversmanni from Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 34: 36-37.

Javed, S. (1992): Albinism in Little Brown Dove. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(3 & 4): 12.

Javed, S. & H. S. A. Yahya (1991): Abnormal nesting behaviour of Little Brown Dove Streptopelia senegalensis cambayensis. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 453.

MacDonald, A. St. J. (1948): Green pigeon in a swamp. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 184-185.

Yasmin, S. (1997): Ecological isolation in Doves Streptoplia spp. in and around A.M.U. campus, Aligarh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37: 85.

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Parakeets & Hanging-Parrots

Bhargava, R,& F. Hanfee (1996): Sighting of a Yellow Roseringed Parakeet. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 81.

Dilger, W. C. (1954): Electrocution of parakeets at Agra, India. The Condor 56(2): 102-103.

Tiwari, N.K. (1930): The mating of the Blossom-headed Paroquet {Psittacula cyanocephala): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34(1): 254-255.

Cuckoos, Malkohas & Coucals

Allen, G. O, ( 1 9 1 9): The Cuckoo (Cuculus canoms) in Mirzapur, U. P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 26: 671 .

Bates, R.S.P. (1938): On the parasitic habits of the Pied Crested Cuckoo [Clamator jacobinus (Bodd.)].y. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 40(1): 125.

Gaston, A.J. & V.J. Zacharias(2000): Hosts of the Common Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx varius in India. Forktail 16: 182.

Gill, E.H. (1923): Plumage display by the Sirkeer Cuckoo T. leschenaulti. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 29(1): 299.

Gopi Sundar, K.S. (1999): Black-necked Storks, Sarus Cranes and Drongo-Cuckoos. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(5): 71-72.

Jones, A.E. (1941): Presumptive evidence of the nidification of the Indian Cuckoo. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 42: 931-933.

Rai, Y.M. (1982): House Sparrows versus Black headed Mynas and Koel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(11-12): 8-9.

Ramble, E.W. (1966): The Pied Crested Cuckoo. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(5): 7-8.

Singh, A. (1981): Sirkeer Cuckoo. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(12): 15-16.

Owls

Allen, G. O. (1920): Hovering habit of the Spotted Owlet {Athene brama). J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 26: 1045.

Gandhi, T. (2003): Wise Owls and Brainless Lemmings. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 43(6): 79-80.

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Guchhait, R & C. Haidar (1 998): Effect of Melatonin and other 5-Methoxyindoles on the reporductive activity of the Indian Spotted OvAqX Athene brama. Chap, 29. In: Birds in Agricultural Ecosystem. (Eds: Dhindsa, M.S., P. Shyamsunder Rao & B.M. Parasharya) Society for Applied Ornithology, Hyderabad. Pp. 190-196.

Haidar, C. (1998): The pineal control of reproductive activity of the Indian Spotted Athene brama. In: Birds in Agricultural Ecosystem. (Eds: Dhindsa, M.S., P. Shyamsunder Rao & B.M. Parasharya) Society for Applied Ornithology, Hyderabad. Pp. 182-189.

Peppe, J. H. H. (1962): The Spotted Owlet, Athene brama. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(4): 10.

Rai, Y.M. & M. Sharma (1980): Owls and the solar eclipse. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(4): 9.

Nightjars

Osmaston, B.B. (1921): Further notes on Indian Nightjars. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 27(4): 948-949.

Swifts

Comyn, K. (1938): Swifts in swallows’ nests. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 575-576.

Lowther, E. H. N. (1936): Notes on some Indian birds. I. The Indian Crested Swift. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 39: 116-124.

Osmaston, B. B. (1921): The Crested Swift (Macropteryx coronata). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 283-284.

Kingfishers

Begbie, A. (1906): The Stork-billed Kingfisher (Pelargopsis gurial) at Cawnpore. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 248-249.

Hewitt, W. A. (1938): Occurrence of the Black-capped Kingfisher in the Gonda district, U. P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 128.

Muir, G. B. F. (1916): Kite and kingfisher. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24: 358.

Sen, S. N. (1944): Food of the White-breasted Kingfisher {Halcyon smyrnensis fused). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44: 475.

Yahya,H. S. A. & S. Yasmin(1991): Earthworms in the dietary ofthe Whitebreasted Kingfisher smyrnensis (Linn.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 454.

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Bee-eaters

Bannerjee, A.K. (1992): Some observations on the breeding behaviour of Bluebearded Bee Eater and Indian Small Green Bee Eater. Zoo ‘s Print Journal 7(12): 19-21 .

Rollers

Gul-e-Rana, H.S. (1984); Some observations on the apparent decrease in numbers of the Northern Roller or Blue Jay, Coracias benghalensis. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 24(5-6): 4-5.

Satheesan, S, M. (1993): Extension of range of the Kashmir Roller (Blue Jay) Coracias garrulus to Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90: 95.

Sharga, U.S. (1936): Indian Roller or Blue Jay {Coracias benghalensis Linn.) feeding on a scor- pion. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 39(1): 179.

Tiwari, N.K. (1930): Bathing habit of the Indian Roller {Coracias benghalensis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34(2): 578-579.

Hoopoes

Begbie, A. (1905): Nesting of the Hoopoe, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(3): 501.

Hornbills

Allen, G.O. (1919): The Malabar Pied Hombill Anthracoceros coronatus in Mirzapur, U.P. J.

Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26(2): 671.

Lowther, E. H. N. (1942): Notes on some Indian birds. VII. Hombills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 43: 389-401 . Barbets

Tyabji, N. S. (1963): Crimsonbreasted Barbet and Large Green Barbet casualties. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(5): 1 -2 .

Woodpeckers

Ganguli, U. (1963): The Wryneck, Jynx torquilla. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(4): 5-6.

George, J. (1963): Jynx torquilla himalayana in Roorkee, U.P. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3{7): 7-8.

Lamba, B. S. & G. K. Garg (1977): Altitudinal migration of Rufousbellied Woodpecker, Hypopicus hyperythrus. Newsletter for Zoological Survey of India 3(5): 297-298.

Broadbills

Peile,H.D. (1914): Nest oftheLong-tailedBroadbillonelectric light wire. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 23: 360-361.

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Pittas

Bolster, R.C. (1921): Breeding of the Indian Pitta. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28(1): 284.

Larks

Alstrom, P. (1998): Taxonomy of the Mirafra assamica complex. Forktail 13: 97-107.

Javed, S. (1993): Some observations on breeding of Eastern Sl^lark. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33(2): 38.

Swallows & Martins

Begbie, A. (1905): Catastrophe amongst the young of the Indian Cliff-Swallows Hirundo fluvicola. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(3): 512-513.

George, J. (1959a): A composite swift-swallow nest. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56: 134.

George, J. (1959b): Artificial nests for swallows and swifts. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56: 135-137. Menon, A.K. (1978): Indian Cliff Swallows. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(6): 12-13.

Wagtails & Pipits

Sharma, A. K. & M. Lata (1984): Wagtails migration to Meerut, India. Tigerpaper 11(1): 32. Tiwary, N. K. (1930): Migratory habits of wagtails. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34: 253-254.

Cuckoo-Shrikes, Flycatcher-Shrikes, Trillers, Minivets, Woodshrikes

Abdulali, H. (1975): On the nesting habits of the Small Minivet {Pericrocotus cinnamomeus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 72(1): 200-201.

Bulbuls & Finchbills

Kumar, A. & D. Bhatt (2000): Vocal signals in a tropical avian species, the redvented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer: their characteristics and importance. Journal of Bioscience 25(4): 387-396,

loras, Chloropsis/Leafbird, Fairy-Bluebird

Marshall, G. F. L. (1876): A new Indian lora. Stray Feathers 4: 410-413.

Shrikes

Tyabji, N. S. (1963): Notes on Lanius vittatus. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(5): 11.

Dippers

Navarro, S.J.A. (1964): A visit to the land of the Forktails, Redstarts and Dippers. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(1): 3-5.

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Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails, Wheatears

Alexander, H. G. (1949): White-capped Redstart [Chaimarrhornis leucocephalus (Vigors)] feed- ing on berries. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 806.

Begbie, A. (1905): Nest of the Brown-backed Indian Robin Thamnobia cambaiensis. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(3): 513.

Hume, A.O. (1879): Notes. Stray Feathers 7(6): 516-523.

Jamdar, N. (1986): Notes on Orange Parrotbill Paradoxornis nipalensis, Blackfaced Flycatcher- Warbler schisticeps and Purple Cochoa Cochoa purpurea from Garhwal Himalayas.

J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83(2): 444-446.

Javed, S. ( 1 992): Abnormal clutch in Indian Brownbacked Robin Saxicoloides fulicata cambaiensis (Latham). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 89: 258.

Kumar, A. & D. Bhatt (2001): Preliminary observations on displays and postures in the Oriental Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 98(1): 5-11.

Martin, S. J. (1919): A note on the Large Brown Thrush (Zoothera monticola). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 668-669.

Mathews, W.H. (1919): Nesting habits of the Brown Rockchat Cercomela fusca. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26(3): 843-844.

Mohan, D. (1990): Shortwings and grosbeaks in Mandakini valley. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(7&8): 8.

Osmaston, B.B. (1903): The Chestnut-headed Short-wing Oligura castaneicoronata. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14(4): 819-820.

Pershouse, S. (1906): The nest of the Brown-backed Indian Robin {Thamnobia cambaiensis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17(1): 231-232.

Rahmani, A. R. (1993): Little-known bird: White-browed Bushchat. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 17: 28-30.

Rahmani, A.R. (1995a): The httle known life ofthe White-browed Bushchat. Sanctuary Asia 1 5(6): 3742.

Rahmani, A. R. (1995b): Status of White-browed Bushchat, north-west India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 2\: 12-13.

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Rai, Y, M. ( 1 982) : On the occurrence of the Yellow-bellied Wren- Warbler {Prinia flaviventris flaviventris). Striated Marsh Warbler (Megalurus palustris) and White-tailed Bush Chat (Saxicola leucura) at Hastinapur, near Meerut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 79: 416.

Rattray, R. H.(1897): Nesting of the Little Forktail (Microcichla scouleri). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 334.

Ticehurst, C.B. & H. Whistler (1933): What is Curruca affinis Blyth? Ibis Series 13, Vol. 3(3): 554-556.

Rai, Y.M. (1980): Two discoveries. A) White tailed Bushchat {Saxicola leucura), B) Yellowbellied Prinia or Wren Warbler {Prinia flaviventris). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(9): 9.

White, L. S. (1919): Nesting habits of the Brown Rockchat {Cercomela fusca). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 667-668.

Whymper, S. L. (1913): On the nesting of Hodgson’s Grandala {Grandala coelicolor). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 196.

Babblers, Laughingthrushes, Babaxes, Barwings, Yuhinas

Alexander, H. G. (1950): Large Grey Babbler attacking metal hub-cap of car. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 550.

Ali, H. A. (1951): Large Grey Babbler attacking metal hub-cap of car. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 171.

Gaston, A. J. (1978): Social behaviour of the Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinensis. Ibis 120: 361-364.

Gaston, A. J. (1975): Change of iris colour during the post-fledging period in the Common Babbler {Turdoides caudatus): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 72: 548-551.

Gaston, A. J., D. N. Mathew & V. J. Zacharias (1979): Regional variation in the breeding seasons of babblers in India. Ibis 121:512-516.

Gupta, R.C. & M. Meenu (1 994): Observations on the behaviour of Large Grey Babbler, Turdoides malcolmi (Sykes). Cheetal 33(2): 42-51.

Hewitt, W. A. (1 942): Extension of range of Rufous-necked Scimitar-Babbler {Pomatorhinus ruficollis Hodgs). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 43: 257.

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Rahmani,A. R.(1981): L^e Rackd-taHedl^ongo and Cbnmion Babbler. J Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 78: 380.

Rahmani, A.R. (1999): Playful behaviour by Large Grey Babbler Turdoides malcolmi. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(5): 80-81.

Rai, Y.M. (1982): Jungle Babbler T. striatus. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(1 1-12): 8-9.

Sunderraj, S.F. & J. J. Wesley (1997): Range extension of the Nepal Babbler (Alcippe nipalensis). J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 159

Whistler, H. (1943): A new race of the Indian Red-billed Leiothrix. Bulletin of British Orni- thological Club 63: 62.

Parrotbills

Jamdar, N. (1986): Notes on Orange Parrotbill Paradoxornis nipalensis, Blackfaced Flycatcher- Warbler schisticeps and Purple Cochoa Cochoa purpurea from Garhwal Himalayas. J.

Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83(2): 444-446.

Goldcrest, Prinias, Tesias, Warblers

Jamdar, N. (1986): Notes on Orange Parrotbill Paradoxornis nipalensis, Blackfaced Flycatcher- Warbler schisticeps and Purple Cochoa Cochoa purpurea from Garhwal Himalayas. J.

Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83(2): 444-446.

Rai, Y.M. (1979): Occurrence of Blackbrowed Flycatcher Warbler at Meerut. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(4): 14.

Rai, Y.M. (1980): Two discoveries. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(9): 9.

Rai, Y. M. (1982): On the occurrence of the Yellow-bellied Wren-Warbler {Prinia flaviventris flaviventris). Striated Marsh Warbler {Megalurus palustris) and White-tailed Bush Chat {Saxicola leucura) at Hastinapur, near Meerut. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 79: 416.

Reed, F. (1920): Note on the eggs of Prinia inornata, the Indian Wren-Warbler. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26(4): 1042-1043.

Sankaran, R. (1989): Range extension of Yellowbellied Wren-Warbler Prinia flaviventris. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 86: 451.

Whymper, S.L. (1908): Nesting of the Indian Great Reed 'WarhlQY Acrocephalus stentoreus in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18(2): 495.

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Monarch-Flycatchers & Paradise-Flycatchers

Gupta, A.K. (2001): Paradise Flycatcher (Ceylon race?) in Ghaziabad. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 41(4): 52.

Penduline-Tits

Javed, S. (1992): Occurrence of Fire-capped Tit in Dudwa National Park. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(5 & 6): 17.

Nuthatches, Wallcreeper

George, J. (1962): The Wall Creeper in Roorkee. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(5): 15.

Kinnear, N. B. & H. Whistler (1930): Description of Sitta castaneoventris almorae. Bulletin of British Ornithological Club 5 1 : 27.

Tree-Creepers, Creepers

Field, F. (1922): Notes on the Himalayan Tree Creeper (Certhia himalayana). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 1138-1139.

Sunbirds & Spiderhunters

Banerjee, A.K. (1994): Flight of the Purple Sunbird. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 34(2): 38.

Rahmani, A. R. & R. Sankaran (1990): An unusual nesting site of the sunbird. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 87: 148-149.

Buntings

Kumar, V. (1984): Circadian rhythmicity and the termination of photorefractoriness in the Black- headed Bunting. The Condor 86(1): 27-29.

Kumar, V. & P.D. Tewary (1982): The Blackheaded Bunting at Varanasi: Annual gonadal and body weight cycles. Pavo 20(1&2): 10-21.

Kumar, V. & P.D. Tewary (1 983): Response to experimental photoperiods by amigratoiy Bunting, Emberiza melanocephala. Ibis 125(3): 305-312.

Thapliyal, J. P. & V. K. Singh (1995): Role of male hormone in the regulation of the annual body weight and gonad development cycles of migratory male Red-headed Bunting, Emberiza bruniceps. Pavo (33): 63-92.

Finches

Madge, S. (1984): First Indian record of Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 81: 702-703.

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Tewary, P.D., V. Kumar & B.N. Prasad (1 983): Influence of photoperiod in a subtropical migratory finch, the Common Indian Rosefmch Carpodacus erythhnus. Ibis 125(1): 115-120.

Munias (Estrildid Finches)

Bhargava, R. (1996): Notes on Green Munia. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 93: 588-589.

Gaston, A. J. & J. Mackrell (1980): Green Munia {Estrilda formosd) at Delhi, and other interesting records for 1978. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 77: 144-145.

Mahesh, S.S. (2001): Black-headed Munias in Bareilly. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 41(5): 69. Sparrows & Snowfinches

Rai, Y.M. (1982): House Sparrows versus Black headed Mynas and Koel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(1 1-12): 8-9.

Tewary, P. D. & A. S. Dixit (1986): Photoperiodic regulation of reproduction in subtropical female Yellow-Throated Sparrows {Gymnorhis xanthocollis). The Condor 88: 70-73.

Tiwari, N.K. (1930): An albino House Sparrow {Passer domesticus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34(1): 253.

Tyabji, H. N. (1992): Flies forming a possible food supply for young House Sparrows Passer domesticus (Linn.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 88: 289.

Yahya, H.S.A. (2001): The House Sparrow’s turn? Sanctuary Asia 21(1): 85.

Weavers

Ali, S. (1935): Mainly in quest of Finn’s Baya. The Indian Forester 59: 365-374.

Ali, S. (1936): A correction. Ibis Series 13, Vol. 6(2): 417.

Davis,T.A.(1971): Baya Weaverbird nesting on human habitations. J BombayNat Hist. Soc. 68(1): 246-248.

Ganguli,U. (1968): Dust bathing by Common Baya {Ploceus philippinus). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65(3): 780.

Mathur, H.N. (1980): ‘Bayas’ select Eucalyptus for nesting. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(4): 12.

Rai, Y.M. (1979): Observations on Finn’s Baya breeding near Meerut. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(11): 11.

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I:

Rai, YM. ( 1 983a): Hastinapur birds: Finn’s Baya; Tawny Eagle; Crested Honey-Buzzard. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14-15.

Rai, Y.M. (1983b): Breeding notes (the fragile nature balance). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 23{9-\0): \7 .

Starlings & Mynas

Bhargava, R. (1997): Description of a strange Myna. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37(2): 28,

Hutson, H. R W. ( 1 945): Rosy Pastor on passage in India. Ibis 87 : 275-279.

Lamba, B.S. (1981): A queer nesting site of Bank Myna, Acridotheres ginginianus. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78(3): 605-606.

Marien, D. (1950): Notes on some Asiatic Stumidae (birds). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 471-487.

Rai, Y.M. (1982): House Sparrows versus Black headed Mynas and Koel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22{\\-\2): %-9. ,

Tiwari, J. K. (1992): An unusual nesting site of Pied Myna. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(3 & 4): 12.

Uniyal, D.P. (2004): A note on behavioural observation of Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatto) and Common Myna {Acridotheres tristis): The Indian Forester 130(4): 469-470.

Yahya, H. S. A. (1990): Occurrence of baldheaded Common Myna {Acridotheres tristis) at Aligarh. ; Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(9&10): 7-8.

Orioles !

Maheswaran, G. (1996): Air-sallying in Blackheaded Oriole {Oriolus xanthornus). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 80.

Mohan, D. (1968): Arrival of the Golden Oriole in Roorkee. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(5): 1 0. Ramble,E. W. ( 1966): The arrival ofthe Golden Oriole in Sahamnpur,U. E Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6{7): 8. Shahid, U. (2000): Orioles on the ground. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(6): 83.

Drongos

Finn, F. (1899): On a new species of Bhimraj {Dissemurus) with some observations on the so- called family Dicruridae. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 13: 377-378.

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Gopi Sundar, K.S. (1999): Black-necked Storks, Saras Cranes and Dtongo-Cuakoos. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(5): 71-72.

Jones, A.E. (1941): King Crow bullying Terns. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 42(4): 931.

Rahmani, A, R. (1981): Large Racket-tailed Drongo and Common Babbler. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 380.

Shiva Kumar, N. (2000): Black-necked Storks, Sarus Cranes and Drongo chicks. Newsletter for Birdwatchers AQ{\): 12.

Crows, Jays, Treepies, Magpies

Bennet, S. S. R. (1985): Jungle Crow and Champa tree. Cheetal 27 (1 & 2);

Cunningham, A. H. (1923): The roosting flight of crows. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29: 289.

Murthy, S. (1953): The Jackdaw {Corvus monedula) in Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat.

Hist. Soc. 51: 505.

Osmaston, B. B. (1903): The Himalayan Nutcracker {Nucifraga hemispila). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 818-819.

Sen, S. N. (1944): Late breeding of the Common House Crow {Corvus splendens splendens). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44: 474,

Yahya, H.A.S. & A. Ahmed (1999): Feeding impact of crows Corvus spp. in ‘Bajra’ Pennisetum typhoides fields around Aligarh Muslim University Campus. Mayura 12: 8-1 1.

Checklists

Abdulali, H. & J. D. Panday (1978): Checklist of the birds of Delhi, Agra and Bharatpur with notes on their status in the neighbourhood. Published by the author, Bombay.

Chatterji, N.N., S. Ghosh & K. Mookheijee (2004): List of birds recorded from Dudhwa Tiger Reserve between 23-28 March 1997. Journal ofPrakriti Samsad, Naturalist 1>: 162-166

Sharma, R, M, Chaudhary, N. Rana & R.K. Sharma (1995): A check-list of birds inhabiting Trishul airfield, Bareilly. Cheetal 34(3-4): 58-65.

Surveys

Anon. (1982): Checklist of birds of Aligarh and Gir. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(7-8): 3.

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Jain, S. P. ( 1 969): A survey of digenetic trematodes from birds in the Varanasi district, India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 66: 171-174.

Pasha, M. K. S. (1 995): A preliminary avifaunal survey in and around Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh. News- letter for Birdwatchers 35: 25-28.

Pradhan, S. C. (1993): A preliminary field report on 1993 winter survey of birds in the Nehru Park, Allahabad (U. P.): In\ Bird conservation, strategies for the 90s and beyond (Eds.: Verghese, A., S. Sridhar & A.K. Chakravarty): Ornithological Society of India, Bangalore. Pp. 130.

Spillett, J. J. (1966): A report on wild life surveys in north India and southern Nepal January-June 1966. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 492-628.

Wetlands

Abbasi, F. (2001): A report on Asian Waterfowl Census in wetland of Aligarh district during Janu- ary 2QQ\. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 41(2): 21-22.

Gopi Sundar, K.S. (2002): Dying wetlands. Hornbill April-June 2002: 18-20.

Lowther, E. H. N. (1941): Notes on some Indian birds. VI. An Indian river-bed. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 42: 782-795.

Rahmani, A. R. (1981): Narora Reservoir, U. P. - a potential bird sanctuary. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 78: 88-92.

Rahmani, A. R. (1992): The wetlands of Uttar Pradesh. Part 3. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(1-2): 3-5.

Rahmani, A. R. & V. M. Arora (1991): Wetlands of Uttar Pradesh - Part 1. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 31(7 & 8): 4-5.

Rahmani, A. R. & V. M. Arora (1992): Wetlands of Uttar Pradesh - Part 2. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(5 & 6): 5-6.

Ram, L. (1978): Bird migration in Suraha Lake, Ballia, U.P. Cheetal 20(1): 23-25.

Rathore,V & R.K. Sharma (2000): Avifauna of a lake in District Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India. Zoos ’ Print Journal 15(6): 275-278.

Tiwari, J.K. (1998): Thane Ka Tal - a wetland of international importance. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(5): 83-84.

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Tyabji^N. S. (1962): ‘Birds Qf^di}&£gmh.]\iQQ\\Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2{\y. 8-9.

Vijayan, V. S. (1986): On conserving the bird fauna of Indian wetlands. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Supp.i 9M0L

Zafer-ul-Islam, M, (1999): Unexplored wetland ofUttar Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 101 .

Protected areas

Anon. (1988): The Dudhwa Tiger Reserve. Sanctuary Asia 8(2): 64-65.

Anon ( 1 990); List of birds recorded from Dudwa National Park, in Status and ecology of the Lesser and Bengal Floricans, with reports on Jerdon’s Courser and Mountain Quail. Bombay; BNHS. Pp. 147-149.

Javed, S. (1996): Structure of the bird communities of the terai forest in Dudwa National Park. Ph.D. Thesis, Aligarh Muslim Univ., Aligargh.

Javed, S. & A.R. Rahmani (1997): Ecology of tall and wet grasslands of Dudwa National Park. In: A Study on the Ecology of Grasslands of the Indian Plains with Particular Reference to Their Endangered Fauna. Vol. Final (Ed: Rahmani, A.R.) Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay: Chapter 4: 261-340.

Javed, S. & A.R. Rahmani (1998): Conservation of the avifauna of Dudwa National Park, India. Forktail 14: 55-64.

Kalam, A. (2005): Birds of Katemiaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Bahraih district, Uttar Pradesh. Indian Birds 1(4): 74-76.

Sankaran, R. (1989): Dudhwa: Last of the Indian terai. Sanctuary Asia 9(1): 14-29.

Urfi, A. J. (1980): A bird sanctuary near Narora. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(2): 5-6.

Region

Anderson, A. (1 875): Notes on a visit to the Lucknow Museum. Stray Feathers 3 : 384-388.

Anon. (1988): Avifauna of Aligarh region. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 28(5-6): 2-4.

Anon. (1991): Suraha Tal . Newsletter for Birdwatchers 31(7&8):l-2.

Bassapannavar, C.H. (1 979): Agarden on top of the world, Hornbill 1 979(July-September): 23-28, 32.

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Briggs, F. S. (1934): Anote on the birds of Ghazipur. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 37: 378-390.

Chanda, J. (2000): Birding in Etawah. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(4): 48-49.

Cockbum, J. (1876): Letter about various birds fromAllahabad district. 4: 509-511.

Cotton, W. B. (1914): Notes on the game birds of the Basti district. United Provinces. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 802-804.

Field, F. ( 1 922): Rough list and notes on the birds found breeding in the Gonda district, Oudh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 753-772.

George, J. (1968): Bird Watchers’ Field Club of Roorkee. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(3): 3.

Guha, R. ( 1 907): An excursion to Roorkee. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1 0(5): 12.

Gudlestone, M. A. (191 1): Uncommon birds in the United Provinces. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21 : 274-275.

Haque, S.F. ( 1 98 1 ): Dudhwa - a birdwatcher’s paradise. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2 1 (6): 3-4.

Hume, A. O. (1887): Catalogue of the birds in the Provincial Museum, N.-W. P. and Oudh, Lucknow. Stray Feathers 10: 442-444.

Ilyas, O. & J.A. Khan (2001): Birds of Binsar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 41(5): 61-64.

Jesse, W. (1896-99): Birds’ nesting in and around Lucknow. Ibis Series 7, Vol. 2: 1 85-198; Series 7, Vol. 3: 554-562; Series 7, Vol. 5: 344-351.

Jesse, W. ( 1 90 1 ): On a few additions to the birds of Lucknow. Ibis Series 8, Vol. 1 (4): 597-607.

Jesse, W (1902): A list of the birds of Lucknow. Ibis Series 8, Vol. 2(8): 531-566, Series 8, Vol. 3(9): 49- 81, Series 8, Vol. 2(7): 470-490, Series 8, Vol. 3(10): 148-178.

Khan, D.S. (1999): Preliminary investigations of bird community structure around Aligarh Fort. Cheetal 38(3-4): 24-33.

Markham, A.M. (1881): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 1 0( 1 ,2&3): 1 60.

Mohan, D. (1969): Birdwatching at Harsil. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(8): 6.

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Nanavaty, RH. (1994): Land of the Elephant Gods Dhikala. Hornbill (4): 28-32 Osmaston, A. E. (1913): The birds of Gorakhpur. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 532-549.

Osmaston, B.B. (1918): Further notes on birds nesting in the Tons Valley. J. Bombay Nat.

Hist. Soc. 25(3): 493-495.

Plowden, W.C. (1883): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 10(5): 429.

Rahmanij A.R. (1981): Birds near Narora. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(1): 6-7.

Rahmani, A.R. (1982): Nawabganj Priyadarshani Sanctuary. Hornbill 1982(2): 25-28.

Rahmani, A. R. & Q. Qurieshi (1991a): The threatened terai. Sanctuary Asia 11(4): 12-29, 65-71.

Rahmani, A.R. & Q. Qurieshi (1991b): The threatened terai. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(1 1): 6.

Ramble, E.W. (1965): Bird notes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(8): 10.

Ramble, E.W. (1965): WhaRs this bird? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(9): 8-9.

Rana, B. D. & A. P. Tyagi (1971): Birdwatching around Muzaffamagar, Uttar Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 11(6): 1-4.

Ray, D. (1973): One week in Lucknow (4th to 11th January 1972). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(7): 1-6.

Reid, G. (1880a): The birds of the Lucknow Civil Division. Stray Feathers 9: 491-504, 10: 1-88.

Reid,G. (1880b): The birds of the Lucknow Civil Division. Stray Feathers 9(5&6): 491-504.

Reid,G. (1887a): The birds of the Lucknow Civil Division. Stray Feathers 10(1,2&3): 1-88.

Reid, G. (1887b): Addenda to the birds of the Lucknow Civil Division. Stray Feathers 10: 444-453.

Sharma, A. K. (1973): Birding in the Remount Depot area, Saharanpur. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(12): 5-6.

Sharma, A. K. (1984); Migratory avifauna of Meerut, India. Tigerpaper \ \{\): 15-17.

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Sharma, A. K., M. Lata & H. P. Singh (1983): The winter migratory birds of Meerut, India. Tigerpaper 10(2): 12.

Sharma, A.K. (1984): Migratory avifauna of Meerut India. Tigerpaper 11(4): 15-17.

Tyabji, N. S. (1962): Further notes on the birds of Najafgarh area. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(2): 5.

Urfi, A. J. (1980): Birding in Aligarh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20: 6-7.

Urfi, A.J. (1980): Birding at Aligarh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20: 12-13.

Vyas, S. (1969): Birding at Lucknow. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(3): 2-3.

Vyas, S. (1973): Birds of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(10): 5-7.

Agriculture

Bhatnagar, R. K.& R. K. Palta (1994): Bird damage control with chemicals on wheat. Pavo (32): 87-90.

Yahya, H.S.A. & A. Ahmed (1999): Feeding impact of crows Corvus spp. in ‘Bajra’ Pennisetum typhoides fields around Aligarh Muslim University Campus. Mayura 12: 8-11.

Yasmin, S. (1997): Group size and composition of Indian Peafowl {Pavo cristatus) in an agro- ecosystem at Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 478-482

Miscellaneous

Ahmad, A. & A.R. Rahmani (1996): Bird traffic in north India. Hornbill 1996(2): 24.

Anon. ( 1951): Bird migration in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 177.

Anon (1953): Bird migration in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 51: 749.

Anon (1961): Bird migration in India. Recovery of ringed birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 58: 284.

Bhargava, R. (1995): Trapping Hill Birds - Avanishing art. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 102-104.

Blyth, E. (1855): Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for July, 1855. Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal 24: 469-479.

Cockbum, J. (1879): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 8(2-5): 418.

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Editors (1951): Bird migration in India. J! Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(1): 177.

Editors (1953): Bird migration in India, j; Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 53(3): 749.

Ganguli, U. (1962): The Redtailed Skink as a food for birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(5): 4-5.

George, J. (1957): Birds of New Forest. The Indian Forester 83: 674-687, 724-737.

Ghorpade,K. (1976): SQno\ish\rAwdXc\img.Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(8): 1-6.

Ghosh, M. & C.Haldar (1994): The avian pineal organ: with a special reference to tropical avian pineal organ. Pavo (34): 1-6.

Gill, E. H. N. ( 1 923-25): A description of the nest and eggs of the common birds occurring in the plains of the MmiQ&BxoVmcQS.J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28:1069-74; 29:107-16, 334-44, 757-68; 30:273-84.

Grewal, B. & S. Sen (2004): Birding in India. Sanctuary Asia 24(3): 64-65.

Hume, A. O. (1875): Notes. Stray Feathers 4: 225.

Hume, A. O. (1879): Notes. Stray Feathers 8: 494-500.

Iliyas, O. (1996): World Birdwatch - 95. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 24-26.

Kumar, G. (1994): Land of Roar and Trumpet. Sanctuary Asia 14 (5): 14-29.

Kumar, P. (1978): Nest decoration. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(9): 11.

Lowther, E. H. N. (1938): Notes on some Indian birds. III. Birds in my garden. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40: 409-424.

Maclaren, P.I.R. (1949): The dawn chorus in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48(2): 372-373. Mohan, D. (1997): Birds of New Forest, Dehra Dun, India. Forktail 1 2(August): 1 9-30.

Naoroji, R. (1999): Hunters of the skies. Sanctuary Asia 19(2): 14-28.

Osmaston, B. B. (1894): Notes on the nidification of certain birds, the nests of which have not been previously recorded from India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 9: 190-192.

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Pandey, D. N.& D. Mohan ( 1 993): Nest site selection by cavity-nesting birds on Melia azedarach L. and management of multiple use forests. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 90(1): 58-61.

Plowden, W.C. ( 1 887): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 1 0(6): 520-521 .

Prakash, V. (2000): Wintering in an oil refinery. Hornbill 2000(October-December): 4-8.

Rahmani, A. R (1988): Singhrana Taal. Hornbill 1988(1): 5-7.

Rahmani, A. R (1997): Conservation priorities for grassland birds of India. In: A Study on the Ecology of Grasslands of the Indian Plains with Particular Reference to Their Endangered Fauna. (Ed: Rahmani, A.R ) Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay: Pp. 531-542.

Rai, Y.M. (1980): Errata. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(6-7): 17.

Rai, Y.M. (1982a): Notes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(11-12): 8-9.

Rai, Y.M. (1982b): Notes. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(7-8): 1 1-12.

Rai, Y.M. (1983): Birds of the Meerut region. Vardhaman Printers, Meerut.

Rastogi, A.K. (2000): Common/Scientific names of birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(6): 83.

Rayment, G. M. (1893): Odd notes. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 8: 442-444.

Reid, G. (1879): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 8(2-5): 418.

Reid, G. (1887): Addenda to the birds of the Lucknow Civil Division. Stray Feathers 10(6): 444-453. Rivers, M. (1952): Birds attacking their own reflections. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50: 948. Singh, J.L. (2000): Birds while jogging. Newsletter for Birdw’atchers 40(5): 67-68.

Singh, J.L. (2001): No drains - no birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 41(3): 40-41.

Singh, K. S. ( 1 985): Some random notes on birds of U. P. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 25(3-4): 6-11. Tripathi, A. (2000): Birds in my garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(6): 73-74.

Tweedie, M. ( 1 879): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 7(6): 527-528.

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Tweedie, M. ( 1 887): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers 1 0(6): 518-51 9.

Yahya, H. S.A. (1992): Balloons as a device for scaring birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 89: 117.

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UTTARANCHAL

Uttaranchal, a newly formed state, consists mainly of hilly areas which were earlier a part of Uttar Pradesh. Uttaranchal is bounded by Uttar Pradesh on the south, Nepal on the east, Himachal Pradesh on the west and China on the northeast. From the hilly districts of Uttaranchal two major Indian rivers originate, Ganga and Yamuna. Uttaranchal has an area of 53,483 sq. km (1 .6% of the India’s geographical area).

Uttaranchal has an interesting history as it finds mention in the Hindu scriptures as Kedarkhand, Manaskhand and Himavant. It is often called the Land of Gods (Dev Bhoomi) because of its various holy places and shrines. The present Uttaranchal was a part of Uttar Pradesh, but after a long agitation for a separate Hill State by the people, it was separated from Uttar Pradesh to preserve the cultural, tribal and linguistic identities of the people belonging to these regions. Uttaranchal became the 27* State of the Indian Union on November 9, 2000 with Dehradun as its capital.

As per the 2001 Census, the total human population of Uttaranchal is 8.48 million (0.8% of the country’s population): The urban population is 25.6% and 74.4% is rural. The average popula- tion desnsity is 1 59 persons per sq. km (2001 Census): The tribes constitute 3.0% of the State’s population.

Vegetation

Uttaranchal ranks sixth amongst the States in terms of percentage of recorded forest area (Ministry of Environment and Forest 2001): As per the Ministry of Environment and Forest report 2001, the total forest area of the State is 34,662,00 ha, of which reserve forest is 23,827,00 ha (68.7%), protected forest 10,673,00 ha (30.8%) and unclassified forest is 162,00 ha (0.5%): The Forest Sur- vey of India also analysed that the dense forest is 19,023,00 ha (35.6%), open forest 4,915,00 ha (9.2%) while non-forest is 55.2% (Ministry of Environment and Forest 2001): The Nainital district has the highest forest cover (73. 1 1%) followed by Champawat and Garhwal and then other districts (Ministry of Environment and Forest 2001):

The main forest types of the State are Tropical Moist Deciduous, Tropical Dry Deciduous, Sub- tropical Pine, Himalayan Moist Temperate, Himalayan Dry Temperate, and Sub-alpine and Alpine Forests (Ministry of Environment and Forest 1999).

AVIFAUNA

In Uttaranchal, 623 species of birds have been recorded (Mohan and Sinha, 2003 unpublished): Out of these, the Oriental White-backed and Slender-billed vultures are in the Critically Endangered categoiy of BirdLife International, 1 3 species are Vulnerable, 1 5 species are Near Threatened, while the Cheer Pheasant and the Western Tragopan are the two restricted range species.

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REFERENCES

BirdLife International (200 1 ): Threatened Birds of Asia: The BirdLife International Red Data Book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

Blyth,E. (1867): Reniaiksonanindian quail Zool. Soc. London 1867: 474-475.

Gandhi, S. S. & S.K. Singh (1995a): Avifauna of Asan Barrage. Cheetal 34(1): 29-34.

Gandhi, S. S. & S.K. Singh (1995b): Birds at Asan Baraj. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 65-68.

Hume, A. O. & C. H. T. Marshall (1879-1 881): The game birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon. Calcutta: published by the authors.

Ilyas, O. (1998): People and Protected Areas: The case of Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary. WWF-India, New Delhi. 54 pp.

Kaul,R.,T. Shafiq, S. Javed&A.Ahmed(1998): Himalyan Mountain Quail Survey. WWF-India, New Delhi. Unpublished report.

Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh (1998): A birdwatchers’ guide to India. Sandy, UK: Prion Ltd.

Ministry of Environment and Forest (1999): State of Forest. Forest Survey of India. Dehradun.

Ministry of Environment and Forest (200 1 ): State of Forest 200 1 . Forest Survey of India. Dehradun.

Mohan, D. (1996): Birds of New Forest, DehraDun, India. Forktail 12: 19-30.

Mohan, D. & P. Sinha (2003): Checklist of the birds of Uttranchal. Unpublished.

Pandey, S., J. Joshua, N.D. Rai, D. Mohan, GS. Rawat, K. Sankar, M.V. Katti, D.V.S. Khati & A.J.T. Johnsingh (1994): Birds of Rajaji National Park. Forktail 1 0: 1 05-1 14.

Prasad, S. N. (1993): On the occurrence of Western and Satyr Tragopans together in Uttar Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33:6.

Sathyakumar, S., R. M. Athreya & V. R. Athreya,(1992): The Cheer Pheasant — a new recording. WPA News 2,1\ 28.

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Singh, A. P. (2000): Birds of the lower Garhwal Himalayas: Dehra Dun valley and neighbouring hills. For toV 16: 101-123.

Stattersfield, A. J., M. J. Crosby, A. J. Long & D. C. Wege (1998): Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Priorities for Biodiversity Conservation. BirdLife Conservation Series No. 7. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

The information given above is obtained from ^^Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation"^^ (Islam 4& Rahmani 2004).

Islam, M.Z. & A.R. Rahmani (2004): Important Bird Areas in India: Priority sites for conservation. Indian Bird Conservation Network: Bombay Natural History Society and Birdlife International (UK): Pp. xxvii+1133.

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Storks

Gandhi, S. S. (1985): New and rare sighting of Black Stork near Dehra Dun (UP). Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 97-98.

Swans, Geese & Ducks

Anderson, A, (1875): On the occurrence of Querquedula angustirostris in the Doab and Oudh. Stray Feathers 3(4): 273.

Bignell, R. G. (1914): Bronze-capped Teal {Eunetta falcata) at Roorkee. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 23: 160.

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Das, G. (1996): Quails, Hoopoes and Ducks. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36(6): 112.

Gay, T. (1961): A late duck record? J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 58: 516-517.

Mohan, D. (1989): Falcated Teal in Dehra Dun. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(5-6): 9.

Mohan, D., N. D. Rai & A.P. Singh (1992): Longtailed Duck or Old Squaw Clangula hyemalis (Linn.) in Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 89: 247.

Sherwood, H. J. (1897): The White-faced Duck {Erismatura leucocephala). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 150-151.

Hawks, Eagles, Buzzards, Old World Vultures, Kites, Harriers

Ahsan, M. (1991): Two nature tales - of vultures. Zoo ’s Print Journal 6(1): 13.

Allen, G.O. (1920): Accidents to vultures. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 26(4): 1045.

Anon ( 1 990): Rufous-bellied Eagles. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30( 1 1 - 1 2): 1 -2.

Anon (1997): DDT threatens Lesser Fish-Eagle in Corbett. Hornbill 1997(3): 32.

Fleming, R. L., Jr. (1983): An east-west eagle migration in the Himalayas. J. Bombay

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Kumar, R.S. (1997): Over wintering of Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus Linnaeus in Kedamath Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37(6): 108.

Naoroji, R. (1994): Occurrence of the Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus spilonotus Kaup in Corbett National Park: a range extension. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 91(1): 140.

Naoroji, R. (1995): Study of raptors in Corbett National Park with emphasis on breeding biology of certain endangered species. In: Ecology and Behaviour of Resident Raptors with Special Reference to Endangered Species. Vol. Final Report (Part II of the Report) 1990- 1993. (Ed: Samant, J.S.) Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, ii+Pp. 19.

Naoroji, R. (1997): Contamination in egg shells of Himalayan Greyheaded Fishing Eagle Ichthyophaga nana plumbea in Corbett National Park, India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94: 398-400.

Naoroji, R. (1999a): Status of diurnal raptors of Corbett National Park with notes on their ecology and conservation. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 96(3): 387-398.

Naoroji, R. (1999b): In Corbett National Park. Hornbill 1999(1): 24-28.

Naoroji, R. & C. D’Silva (1998): Sighting of Red Kite Milvus milvus at Ranikhet. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 95(2): 339-340.

Osman, S.M. (1985): Birds beetles and natural history. Cheetal 27(1&2): 34-37.

Ramesh, K. (1999): The mysterious raptors. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 39(1): 12.

Saini, S.S. (1973): A dangerous act of a Black Eagle. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(2): 10-11.

Falcons

Bakhsh, J. (1996): Kestrels at Ranikhet. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36(6): 115.

Naoroji, R. (1997): First breeding record of the Collared Falconet Microhierax caerulescens for the Indian Subcontinent in Corbett National Park, Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94(2): 267-272.

Osman, S.M. (1981): The Peregrine Falcon migration and navigation. Cheetal23{2): 21-28.

Osman, S.M. (1987): The fading beat of falcon’s wings. Cheetal2S{4): 14-17.

Pheasants, Partridges, Quails

Anon (1988): Western Homed Tragopan. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 28(3 & 4): 2.

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Anon (1989): ....and the latest on Western Tragopans in India. WPA News 26: 1 1 .

Anon (1997): Mountain Quail. Pitta 69: 2.

Das, G. (1996): Quails, Hoopoes and Ducks. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36(6): 1 12.

Field, F. (1925): Occurrence of the Nepal Kalij Pheasant (G leucomelanus) at Mussoorie. J. Bombay Nat.Hist. Soc. 30: 917.

Garson, P.J. (1985): New research project on the Cheer Pheasant in India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin!: 14-16.

Garson, P.J., L. Young, R. Kaul & M. Iqbal (1987): Studying Cheer Pheasants in India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 5(Spring): 18-19.

Ghosh, S. (1997): Record of Chir Pheasant, Catreus wallichi above 4545 metres in the Western Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 94(3): 566.

Ilyas, O. (1999): Sighting of Cheer Pheasant Catreus wallichii at Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary Almora, CP.Mor 1(1): 5.

Kaul, R. (2000): Cheer days in Kumaon. Mor 2000(2): 4.

Lamba, B.S. (1975a): A description of one day old chick of Chukor Partridge, Alectoris chukar. Cheetal 16(4): 52.

Lamba, B.S. (1975b): An abnormally long beak observed in a captive Chukor Partridge, Alectoris chukar chukar. Cheetal 16(4): 53.

Negi, I.S. (1992): Is Mountain Quail extinct? Cheetal 31(1-2): 15-18.

Prasad, S. N. (1993): On the occurrence of Western and Satyr Tragopan together in Uttar Pradesh. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 33: 6.

Rasool, T. J. (1984): Some observations on natural Cheer Pheasant, Catreus wallichii, population at Mukteswar Reserve Forest, Kumaon, Naini Tal, U. P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 8 1 : 469-472.

Yahya, H. S. A. (1993): Adaptive significance of vocalization in the Koklas Pheasant. In: Pheasants in Asia 1992. Reading: World Pheasant Association; (Ed. D. Jenkins): The World Pheasant Association Journal 1 7 & 18: 155.

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Sandpipers, Stints, Snipes, Godwits & Curlews

Narang, M.L. & B.S. Lamba (1981); Food of Greenshank, Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus) around Dehra Dun. Cheetal 23(2): 13-17.

Pigeons & Doves

Davis. D. (1946): Occurrence of the White-bellied or Snow Pigeon {Columba leuconota leuconota) at a low level in the Kumaon Himalaya. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 46: 184-185.

Fulton, H. F. (1 91 4): The Snow Pigeon {Columba leuconota) at a low elevation. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 23: 159.

Parakeets & Hanging-Parrots

Khacher, L.K. (1956): The occurrence of the Pinkbreasted Parakeet {Psittacula alexandri) in Dehra Dun. y. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 54(1): 185.

Cuckoos, Malkohas & Coucals

Begbie, A. (1905): The egg-laying of Eudynamis honorata (The Indian Koel). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16(4): 746.

George, J. (1963): The calls of young cuckoos. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 3(4): 3.

George, J. (1969): Pied Crested Cuckoo. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(7): 12.

Mohan, D. (1976): Onset of brainfever. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(5): 9-11.

Mohan, D. (1994): Rufousbacked Shrike (Lanius schach Linne) feeding a Striped Keelback {Amphiesma stolatd) to Cuckoo {Cuculus canorus Linne) fledgeling. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 91(1): 143.

Osmaston, A. E. (1912): Eggs of the Large Hawk-Cuckoo {Hierococcyx sparverioides). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 2\: 1330-1331.

Rai Grami, Y.P.M. (1982): House Sparrow versus Black-headed Mynas & Koel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(11-12): 8-9.

Owls

Baneijee, D.C. (1994): Sighting of a small owlet at Bareilly, UP. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 34(2): 39. Osmaston, B.B. (1916): Owl caught on a thorn. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24(4); 822.

Whymper, S. L. (1906): The Brown Wood-Owl (Symium indrani). J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 17: 523-524.

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Nightjars

Betham, R.M. (1938): The Indian Long-tailed Nightjar {Caprimulgus macrourus albononotus Tickell). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40(1): 124.

Swifts

George, J. (1959a): A composite swift-swallow nest. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56: 134.

George, J. (1959b): Artificial nests for swallows and swifts. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56: 135-137.

Glennie, E. A. (1 944): Note on the nesting of the Himalayan Swiftlet {Collocalia Jiiciphaga). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44: 593-597.

Trogons

Biswas, B. (1959): On the validity of Harpactes erythrocephalus hodgsoni (Gould) [Aves: Trogonidae]. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56(2): 335-338.

Rollers

Barua, M. (2000): Sightings of the European Roller (Coracias garrulus) and Crowbilled Drongo {Dicrurus annectans) in Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh, India. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(1): 12-13.

Hoopoes

Das, G (1996): Quails, Hoopoes and Ducks. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36(6): 112.

Ghose, AK. (1999): Infanticide in Hoopoe Upipaepopsljrms^ViS.J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 96(2): 318-319. Barbets

Yahya, H.S.A. (1998): No Small Green Barbets in Corbett. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(5): 83. Honeyguides

Hussain, S.A. (1978): Orangerumped HonQygmdQ Indicator xanthonotus in the Garhwal Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75(2): 487-488.

Serrao, J.S. (1979): Honeyguides. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(6): 15.

Shah, S.R. (1979): Orange Honeyguide and Bullfinch, two unusual birds near the Valley of Flowers. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(5): 5-6,

Woodpeckers

Osmaston, A.E. (1916): Curious habits of Wood-peckers in the Kumaon hills. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 24(2): 363-366.

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Pittas

Mohan, D. & R. Chellam (1990): New call record of Greenbreasted Pitta Pitta sordida (P.L.S. Muller) in Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 87(3): 453-454.

Swallows & Martins

Comyn, K. (1938): Swifts in Swallows’ nests. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 40(3): 575-576.

Lamba, B.S. (1975): Hirundo smithii nesting in a residential house at Dehra Dun. Cheetal 16(4): 54.

Whymper, S.L. (1908): Breeding of Hodgson’s Martin Chelidon nepalensis and the Red-billed Chough Graculus eremita. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18(4): 909.

Bulbuls & Finchbills

Lamba, B. S. (1976): Redvented Bulbul, Pycnonotus cafer nesting in a hole in a mud bank. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 73: 395.

Shrikes

Lamba, B. S. & M. L. Narang (1977): Occurrence of Brown Shrike, Lanius cristatus cristatus Linnaeus near Dehra Dun (U. P.): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 74: 174.

Mohan, D. (1994): Rufousbacked Shrike {Lanius schach Linne) feeding a Striped Keelback {Amphiesma stolata) to Cuckoo {Cuculus canorus Linne) fledgeling. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 91(1): 143.

Dippers

Saxena, R. (1992): Cleaning of nesting material by Brown Dipper {Cinclus pallasi). Blackbuck^{\)\ 24.

Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails, Wheatears

Ali, S. (1956): Western limits of two East Himalayan birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 53(3): 468.

George, J. ( 1 962): Orangeflanked Bush Robin [Erithacus cyanurus (Pallas)] in Dehra Dun. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 59: 290-291.

George, J. (1967): Redstarts in Dehra Dun. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(11): 7.

Ghose, S. (1998): Record of Siberian Blue Chat {Erythacus cyane) from Pauri Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh, in the western Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 95(1): 117-118.

Hussain, S.A. & R.C. Waltner (1975): Occurrence of the Purple Cochoa Cochoa purpurea Hodgson, near Mussoorie, U.P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 72(2): 552.

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Mohan, D (1990): Shortwings and Grosbeaks in Mandakini Valley. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(7-8): 8.

Navarro, S.J.A. (1964): A visit to the land of the Forktails, Redstarts and Dippers. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4{\): 3-5.

Parikh, V. (1967): Redstarts at Dehra Dun. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(1 1): 13.

Phatak, T.C. & J. George (1964): Black Redstart returning to the same winter quarters. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 4(9): 9-10.

Rattray, R.H. (1897): Nesting of the Little Fork-tail Microcichla scouleri. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 11(2): 334.

Reed, T. M. ( 1 979): Feeding behaviour of the Whitecapped River Chat Chaimarrornis leucocephala. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 76(3): 515-517.

Way, A.B.M. (1945): Whistling Thrush {Myophonus caeruleus) preying on other birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 45(4): 607.

Whymper, S. L. (1902): Occurrence of the Chesnut-headed Shortwing (Oligura castaneicoronata) and nesting of the Black-chinned Yuhina {Yuhina nigrimenta) in Kumaon. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 607.

Babblers, Laughingthrushes, Babaxes, Barwings, Yuhinas

Ali, S. (1956): Western limits of two East Himalayan birds. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 53(3): 468.

Alstf’m, P. & U. Olsson (1999): The Golden-spectacled Warbler: a complex of sibling species, including a previously undescribed species. Ibis 141: 545-568.

Newsome, J. (1982): Unidentified babbler of Almora. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(9-10): 16-17.

Osmaston, B.B. (1924): Nidification of the Western Spotted Babbler P. ruficeps jonesi. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 29(4): 1053-1054.

Whymper, S. L. ( 1 902): Occurrence of the Chesnut-headed Shortwing {Oligura castaneicoronata) and nest- ing of the Black-chinned Yuhina {Yuhina nigrimenta) in Kumaon. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 1 4: 607.

Goldcrest, Prinias, Tesias, Warblers

Jamdar, N. (1987): Further notes on Garhwal birds: Greyfaced Leaf Warbler {Phylloscopus maculipennis). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 84: 685-686.

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Khacher, L. J. (1 976): Westernmost record of the Blackfaced Flycatcher Abroscopus schisticeps

in Ghar'.val. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 73: 222.

Robson, C. (1999): Nepal Wren Babhl^r Pnoepyga immaculata: no more a Nepal endemic. Danphe

8(1): 1.

Smythies, B. E. (1943): On the occurrence of the Yellow-headed Fantail Warbler (Cisticola exilis tytleri Jerdon) in the Kumaon tarai, U. R J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 44: 292-296.

Flycatchers

Kloss, C.B. (1928): The Rufous-breasted Blue Flycatcher Cyornis hyperythra at high levels. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 32(4): 796-797.

Singh, A.P. (1989): Flycatchers of New Forest, Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh. Cheetal 30(1&2): 1-7. Singh, A.P. (1993): Flycatchers of New Forest, Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh. C/zee^a/ 31(3-4): 44-50. Tits

George, J. (1965): Grey Tit roosting in a bamboo stump. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(5): 8.

Nuthatches, Wallcreeper

George, J. (1962): The Wall Creeper in Roorkee. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(5): 15.

Flowerpeckers

Prater, S.H. (1940): The occurrence of the Yellowbellied Flowerpecker {Pachyglossa melanoxantha Hodgs.) at Almora, U.P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 42(1): 187.

Sunbirds & Spiderhunters

George, J. (1957): A sunbird’s unusual nesting site. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 54: 943-944.

Gorge, J. (1958): Nest construction technique of the Purple Sunbird. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 55(3): 420-428.

George, J. (1962): Sunbirds ‘flycatching’. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(4): 9-10.

George, J. (1966): Orientation of sunbird’s nest. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(1 1): 9-10.

White-eyes

Gopi Sundar, K.S. & J. Chanda (2002): Foliage-dew bathing in Oriental White-eye Zosterops palpibrosus. Family Zosteropidae. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 99: 318-319.

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Finches

Khacher, LJ. (1975): Westernmost record of the Scarlet Finch Haematospiza sipahi. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 72: 859-860.

Kumar, R.S, (2000): Water acquisition strategy adopted by Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis). J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 97(1): 147.

Mohan,D. (1990): Shortvvings and Grosbeaks inMandakiiii Valley. A'ms'/e/ter7&r5/rr/H'(3/c/zer530(7-8): 8.

Osmaston, B.B. (191 1): The Himalayan Greenfinch {Hypacanthus spinoides). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20(3): 852-853.

Shah, S.R. (1979): Orange Honeyguide and Bullfinch, two unusual birds near the Valley of Flow- ers. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(5): 5-6.

Munias (Estrildid Finches)

Mehta, P. (1997): Spotted Munias (Lonchura punctulata) feeding on scat? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1)1 : 16.

Weavers

Abdulali, H. (1960): A new race of Finn’s Baya, Ploceus megarhynchus Hume. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 57(3): 659-662.

Ali, S. (1956): Crows and Weaver Birds - ratiocination or what? J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 53(3): 470-472.

Ali, S. & J.H. Crook (1959): Observations on Finn’s Baya {Ploceus megarhynchus Hume) redis- covered in the Kumaon terai, 1959. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 56(3): 457-483.

Ambedkar, V. C. (1968): Observations on the breeding biology of Finn’s Baya {Ploceus megarhynchus Hume) in the Kumaon terai. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65: 596-607.

Ambedkar, V.C. (1969): Nests of the Baya, Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus) on telegraph wires. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 66(3): 624.

Ambedkar, V.C. ( 1 972): On the breeding biology of the Blackthroated [Ploceus benghalensis (Linnaeus)] and the Streaked [Ploceus manyar flaviceps (Lesson)] Weaver Birds in the Kumaon Terai. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 69(2): 268-282.

Ambedkar, V. C. (1978): Abnormal nests of the Baya Weaver Bird Ploceus philippinus (Linn.): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75: 1205-1211.

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Bhargava, R. (2000): Apreliminary survey of the western population of Finn’s Weaver in Kumaon terai, Uttar Pradesh, Northern India. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 32:21 -29

Crook, J. H. (1963): The Asian weaver birds: problems of co-existence and evolution with particu- lar reference to behaviour. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 60: 1-48.

Starlings & Mynas

George, J. (1958): A myna’s remarkable escape from electrocution. J. Bombay Nat. Hist Soc. 55: 558-559.

Lamba, B.S. & A.K. Tyagi (1977): Period of incubation in Brahminy Myna, Sturnus pagodarum (Gmelin): J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.. 74(1), 173-174.

Narang, M.L. & B.S. Lamba (1984): A contribution to the food habits of some Indian Mynas (Aves): Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication Occassional Paper No. 44: 1-91 .

Narang, M. L., A. K. Tyagi & B. S. Lamba (1978): A contribution to the ecology of Indian Pied Myna Sturnus contra contralArmdiQVLS. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75(Suppl.): 1157-1177.

Nawab, A. (2005): Common Mynas Acridotheres tristis robbing the eggs of aNightjar Caprimulgus sp. Indian Birds 1(5): 120-121.

Pandey, D.N. (1989): Mynas attack a squirrel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 29(9-10): 9.

Rai Grami, Y.P.M. (1982): House Sparrow versus Black-headed Mynas & Koel. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(1 1-12): 8-9.

Scott, F. B. (191 1): Curious behaviour of a myna. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 21: 256.

Whymper, S.L. (1908): Breeding of Hodgson’s Martin Chelidon nepalensis and the Red-billed Chough Graculus eremita. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18(4): 909.

Orioles

George, J. (1962): The Maroon Oriole in Roorkee. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 2(5): 16.

Jamdar, N. (1984): Aggressive Oriole. Hornbill 1984(4): 6.

Broegos

Barua, M. (2000): Sightings of the European Roller {Coracias garrulus) and Crowbilled Drongo (Dicrurus annectans) in Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh, India. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12-13.

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George,!. (1962): Black Drongo feeding under a streetlight 2(1 2): 11.

Pandey, D. N. (1991): Food selection by Spangled Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus (Linn.) and choice of trees for afforestation. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 88(2): 284-285.

Crows, Jays, Treepies, Magpies

Ali, S. ( 1 956): Crows and Weaver Birds - mtiocination or J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 53(3): 470-472.

Greig, G. (1876): Letter about Cissa speciosa from Garhwal. Stray Feathers 4: 509.

Surveys

Lamba, B. S. (1987): Status survey of fauna: Nanda Devi National Park, (Mammals and Birds): Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication Occassional Paper 103: 1-50.

Protected areas

Anon (1988): The Corbett Tiger Reserve. Sanctuary Asia 8(2): 15-17.

Burton, R.W. (1951): Wildlife reserves in India: Uttar Pradesh. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 49(4): 749-754.

Dang, H. (1961): A natural sanctuary in the Himalaya: Nanda Devi and the Rishiganga Basin. J.

Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 58: 707-714,

Dang, H. (1963): A natural sanctuary in the Himalaya. Nanda Devi and the Rishiganga Basin. Cheetal 5{2): 38-44.

Dang, H. (1964): A natural sanctuary in the Himalaya. Nanda Devi and the Rishiganga Basin. Cheetal 7(1): 34-40.

Gantzer, H & C. Gantzer (1985): Goodbye Corbett, welcome Shikar Academy. Cheetal 27(1-2): 2-4.

Green, M. J. B. (1986): The birds of the Kedamath Sanctuary, Chamoli district, Uttar Pradesh: status and distribution. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83: 603-617.

Johnsingh, A. J. T. (1991a): Captivating Corbett. Hornbill 1991(3): 2-7.

Johnsingh, A. J. T. (1991b): Rajaji. Sanctuary Asia 11(3): 14-25.

Kandari, O.P. (1982): Nanda Devi - India’s highest Himalayan National Park: the problem of re- source use and conservation. Cheetal 24(1): 29-36.

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Kandari, O.P. (1984): Valley of Flowers National Park (India): an exploratory survey of habitat, recre- ational use and resource ecology, Cheetal 26(2): 1 6-23.

Khacher, L, (1978): The Nanda Devi Sanctuary - 1977. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75(3): 868-887.

Khacher, L. (1983): Nanda devi: a goddess desecrated. Sanctuary Asia 3(1): 38-49.

Khati, D.S. (1993): Problems in paradise. Gujjars in conflict with Rajaji. Sanctuary Asia 1 3(4): 14-21 .

Kumar, G. (1992): Nanda Devi: an overview. Sanctuary Asia 72(2): 28-37.

Lamba, B.S. (1977): Fauna of Corbett National Park - introduction. Cheetal 18(3&4): 42-44.

Lamba, B.S. & R.K. Bhatnagar (1976): Fauna of Corbett National Park. Cheetal 19(1): 37-42.

Lamba, B. S. & R. K. Bhatnagar (1977): Fauna of Corbett National Park, 2. Birds. Cheetal 19(1): 37-40.

Lamba, B.S. & R.K. Bhatnagar (1978): Fauna of Corbett National Park. Cheetal 19(4): 3-6.

Lamba, B.S. & R.K. Bhatnagar (1978): Fauna of Corbett National Park. Cheetal 20(1): 19-22

Lamba, B.S. & R.K. Bhatnagar (1979a): Fauna of Corbett National Park. Cheetal 20(4): 18-21.

Lamba, B.S. & R.K. Bhatnagar (1979b): Fauna of Corbett National Park, Cheetal 21(1): 29-32.

Lamba, B.S. & R.K. Bhatnagar (1979-1980): Fauna of Corbett National Park. Cheetal 21(2&3): 43-48.

Maheswaran, G. (1996): World Birdwatch - Nainital and Corbett Tiger Reserve. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 36: 26-28.

Manjeshwar, N. (1984): The Valley of Flowers. Sanctuary Asia 4(4): 354.

Narang, M.L. ( 1 995): Birds (Aves): In\ Fauna of Rajaji National Park, The Director, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. Pp. 323.

Pandey, S., J. Joshua, N.D. Rai, D. Mohan & GS. Rawat (1994): Birds of Rajaji National Park, India. ForktaillO: 105-113.

Rai, Y. M. (1979): Corbett National Park in October. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(10): 5-7.

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Reed, T. M. (1 979): A contribution to the ornithology of the Rishi Ganga valley and the Nanda Devi Sanctuary./. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 215-2^2.

Sah,A. (1978): The Nanda Devi Sanctuary. Cheetal 18(1 &2): 7-10.

Sankaran, R. (1994): Ornithological survey ofNanda Devi National Park, India. Forktail 10: 1 1 5- 1 28.

Singh, B. (1982): Corbett National Park. Sanctuary Asia 2(2): 138-149.

Smythe, F. S. (1938) The valley of flowers. London. Hodder & Stoughton. X, 318 Pp.

Tak, P.C. (1997): Aves. In: Fauna ofNanda Devi Biospshere reserve, A World Heritage Site. The Director, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. Pp. 155.

Tak, P.C. & G. Kumar (1983): The Nanda Devi National Park: a suggestion for. Cheetal 25(1): 38-39.

Tak, P. C. & G. Kumar (1987): Wildlife ofNanda Devi National Park: an update. Indian Journal of Forestry 10: 184-190.

Verma, V.K. (1983): Motichur and Rajaji Sanctuaries (Dehra Dun and Saharanpur). Cheetal 24(3&4): 43-50. Wolstencroft, J. (1985): Birdwatching areas: Corbett National Park. Oriental Bird Club Bulletin 2: 17-19. Region

Ahmed, A. (1997): Birding on treks around Nainital. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 37(3): 41-42.

Bannerjee, A.K. (1993): Few common birds of Chopta and Duggalbitta (District Chamoli U.P.). 32(3-4): 15-21.

Bhatnagar, R.K. & P. Misra (1971): Revised synopsis of birds of Dehra Dun and adjacent hills - Part-I (Podicipediformes to Charadriiformes). Cheetal 14(2): 41-58.

Bhatnagar, R.K. & P. Misra (1972a): Revised synopsis of birds of Dehra Dun and adjacent hills - Part-II (Columbiformes to Piciformes). Cheetal 14(4): 40-53.

Bhatnagar, R.K. & P. Misra (1972b): Indian endemic bird species in Dehra Dun & adja- cent hills. Cheetal 15(3): 34-42.

Bhatnagar, R.K. & P. Misra (1975): Revised synopsis of birds of Dehm Dun & adjacent hills. Part- Ill (Passeriformes). Cheetal 16(2): 22-26.

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Briggs, F. S. (193 1): Birds observed in the neighbourhood of Ranikhet. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34: 1072-1079.

Brooks, W. E. (1875): Notes upon a collection of birds made betv^een Mussoori and Gangaotri in May 1874. Stray Feathers 3(1, 2&3): 224-257.

Brooks, W. E. (1875): Additional notes on birds collected between Mussoori and Gangaotri in May 1874. Stray Feathers 3(4): 275-278.

Chandole, A. (1981): News from Gopeshwar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(5): 15-16.

Daniel, J. C. (1994): A day at Dholkand. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 34(5): 1 14-115.

Fleming, R.L. (1977): List of Mussoorie birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 17(1 1): 14.

Ganguli, U. (1966): Three weeks of birdwatching in Ranikhet in autumn. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(2): 3-6.

Guha, R. (1967): Birds of the Forest Rersearch Institute, Dehra Dun. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(10): 8-9.

Guha, R. (1970): An excursion to Roorkee, Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(5): 12-13.

Gupta, S. (1979): List of birds sighted. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(1): 7-8.

Hudson, C. (1930): A list of some birds of the seven hills of Naini Tal, U.P. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.. 34(3): 821-827.

Kazmierczak, K & R. Singh (1998): North India. In: A Birdwatchers’ Guide to India. (Eds: Kazmierczak, K. & R. Singh) Prion Ltd, Sandy. Pp. 82-102.

Lamprey, H.F. (1954): Birds seen above the tree-line in Tehri-Garhwal, in the Central Himalayas. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 52(2&3): 610-615.

Matthews, W.H. (1918): Bird’s nesting in the Bhillung Valley, Tehri Garhwal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25(3): 495-497.

Mistry, N.M. (1966): Birdwatching in Mussoorie. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(7): 3-4.

Mohan, D. (1972): Birdwatching in a Lf. P. garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 12(1 1): 12.

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Mohan, D. (1992): Birds of Mussorrie. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 32(3-4): 4-5.

‘Mountaineer’ (1876): Letter about Mr Brooks ‘Notes upon a collection of birds made between Mussoorie and Gangaotri in May 1874’. Stray Feathers 4: 225-228.

Nayar,R.C. (1987): Bird sightings oneitxQkioGomxMi.NewsletterforBirdwatcherslli^-XO): 6-8.

Newsome, J. (1979): Birding in Almora. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 19(7): 10.

Osmaston, B.B. (1897): Birds’ nesting in the Tons Valley. Part \.J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 11(1): 64-72.

Osmaston, B.B. (1898): Birds’ nesting in the Tons Valley. Part E. J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 1 1(3): 468-473.

Osmaston, B.B. (1901): Birds’ nesting in the Tons Valley. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 13(3): 542.

Pande, B.C. (1980): Birdwatching at Nainital. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(4): 17.

Pande, B.C. (1981): Decrease in bird population of Nainital. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(6): 13.

Paranjpye, V. (1987): Tehri. Sanctuary Asia 7(4): 314-325.

Parikh, V. (1967): Birdwatching at Dehra Dun and Hardwar. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(9): 8.

Prasanna, M & R. Bagchi (1994): Birdwatching on a trek in the Himalayas. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 1)A{5): 102.

Rao, V.U.S. (1965): Notes on some birds observed at Naini Tal. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 5(8): 7.

Rattray, R.H. (1897): Notes on nests taken from March to June at Kohat and Mussooree, North- Western Provinces. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 10(4): 628-630.

Saiduzzafar, H. (1982): Bird-watching with Salim Ali at Deoban - Chakrata. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 22(7-8): 5-10.

Searight, E.E.L. (1926): A list of birds observed in the Bheling Valley, Tehri Garhwal, April 1, 1926 to May 25, 1926, from 2,000 feet to 13,000 feet. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 31(3): 817-818.

Shah, S.R. (1974): Birdwatching in Garhwal. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(9): 1-3.

Shah, S.R. (1976): Birds of Pindari hills. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(3): 15.

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Shahabuddin, G. (1994): First birdwatching camp at Corbett Tiger Reserve, May 1 994. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 34(4): 89-92.

Silas, R.A. & M.S. Bist (1991): Vegetation and wild life in Dudhatoli region, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttar Pradesh. Indian Journal of Forestry 14(1): 21-27.

Singh, S.R. & A. Singh (1980): A brief report ofbirding inNainital during Feb-March. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(8): 4-6.

Sridharan, E. (1974): Birdwatching around Nainital. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(10): 5-7. Tak, P.C. & J.P. Sati (1994): Birds of Goriganga Valley: Kumaon Himalaya. Cheetal 33(1): 17-26. Vyas, S. (1969): Birdwatching in Mussoorie. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(8): 12.

Vyas, S. (1970): Birds ofMussoorie. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 10(1): 4-6.

Walton, H. J. ( 1 900): Notes on birds collected in Kumaon. Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal 69: 1 55-1 68. Agriculture

Ganguli, U. (1966): Birds and the flowering cherry. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 6(9): 1-3. Conservation

Khacher, L.S. (1974a): A conversation through the Newsletter. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(1 0): 3-5.

Khacher, L.S. (1974b): A conversation through the Newsletter continued. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 14(12): 4-6.

Miscellaneous

Ali, S. (1977): ‘Mystery’ birds of India. Hornbill 1977 (July-September): 3-5.

Ali, S. (1981): Which bird? - query by Jasper Newsome. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(2): 11.

Anderson, A. (1875): On little or unknown Himalayan oology, with notes on the birds. Stray Feathers 3(5): 350-358.

Anon (1981): Which species? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(1): 2-4.

Anon (1997): DDT contamination in Corbett National Park. Pitta 16: 1-2.

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Anon (1998): Editorial. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 38(3): 40-42.

Atkinson, E.T. (1974): Fauna of the Himalayas. Containing species of Kumaun, Garhwal, Nepal & Tibet. Delhi: Cosmo. Pp. 226.

Bedi, R. (1984): Corbett National Park. Clarion Books, Delhi. Pp. 1 83.

Chatteiji, S. (2004): Birdwatching in Moonland. Jouranl ofPrakriti Samsad, Naturalist 3: 158-160.

David, A. (1968): Random notes: Curiosity among birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(5): 9.

Fulton, H. (1911): The Sp3MWmg{Psaroglossaspiloptera).J. Bombay Nat Hist Soc. 20(3): 851-852.

Gandhi, S. S. & S. K. Singh (1995a): Birds at Asan Baraj. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 35: 65-68.

Gandhi, S.S. & S.K. Singh (1995b): Avifauna of Asan Barrage. Cheetal 34(1): 29-34.

George, J. (1957): Birds of New Forest. The Indian Forester 83(12): 724-737.

George, J. (1962): Birds of New Forest: 1957-1962. The Indian Forester 88: 442.

George, J. (2000): Birdwatching in New Forest, Dehra Dun. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 40(1): 1-2.

Ghorpade, K. D. (1976): Bird notes on an entomological expedition to the Pindari Glacier, Kumaon Himalaya. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 16(1): 2-10.

Ghosh, S. (2004): Garhwal-An Idyllic Siting for Recreation & Birdwatching. Jouranl ofPrakriti Samsad, Naturalist 2) \ 154-157.

Ghosh, S. (2005): Ofbirds and botanizing. Indian Birds 1(1): 7-8.

Hume, A.O. (1878): Recently-described species. Republications. Stray Feathers 7: 318-320.

Kohli, I. (1978): Birds on my verandah 16' X 9'. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 18(1): 8-9.

Kohli, I. (1980): Refugees in my garden. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(9): 10.

Kumar, G. & B.S. Lamba (1985): Records of the Zoological Survey of India: Studies on migratory birds and their feeding behaviour in Corbett National Park. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. Miscellaneous publication Occasional paper no. 76. Pp. 141 .

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Khacher, L.S. (1956): A contribution to the ornithology of Garhwal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 53(3): 315-329.

Mangalik, A. ( 1 969): Amateurs at large. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(8): 3-5.

Mathur, H.N. (1967): Correspondence. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 7(10): 8.

Mathur, H.N. (1968): Birds visiting Hamelia patens. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 8(10): 9-10.

Mistry, N.M. (1969): Birdwatching on a trek to Pindari Glacier. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 9(8): 1-2.

Mohan, D. (1996): Birds of New Forest: New additions. The Indian Forester 119(6): 498-503.

Moore, F. (1856): Notice of some new species of birds. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, No. 24 : 215-217.

Newsome, J. (1981): Which species? Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(1): 2.

Newsome, J. (1981): Correspondence. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 21(6): 18.

Osmaston, A.E. (1921): Note on the nidification and habits of some birds in British Garhwal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28(1): 140-160.

Osmaston, B.B. (1909): The supply ofwaterto young birds in the nest. J Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19(3): 753.

Osmaston, B.B. & J.B. Sale (1989): Wildlife of Dehra Dun and adjacent hills. Natraj Publishers, Dehra Dun. Pp. 105.

Shah, S.R. (1980): W)[\aXh\xd\sXhisl Newsletter for Birdwatchers2^{\)\ 15.

Shortt, W.H.O. (1925): A sporting trip to the Pindari Glacier, part 2. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30(2): 380-396.

Singh, A. (1980): Extracts from letters. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 20(6-7): 16.

Singh,A.P.( 1999): Birds of New Forest, Dehra Dun: Recent sightings. The Indian Forester 125(10): 1035-1039.

Singh, A.P. (2000): Birds of lower Garhwal Himalayas: Dehra Dun valley and neighbouring hills. Forktail 16: 101-123.

Singh, S. ( 1 973): Birdwatching in the Tehri Garhwal hills. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 13(12): 2-5.

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Smetacek, V. ( 1 974) : On the increasing occurrence of typically plains-birds in the Kumaon Hills. J. Bombay Nat.Hist.Soc.ll:299-l>02.

Whymper, S. L. (1902); Birds’ nesting in Kumaon. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 624-626.

Whymper, S. L. (1904): Birds’ nesting in Garhwal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 520-522.

Whymper, S. L. (1907): Some notes on birds’ nesting in Tehri-Garhwal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 817-819.

Whymper, S. L. (1910): Birds’ nesting in Garhwal. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19: 990-991.

Whymper, S. L. (191 1): Birds’ nesting in the Nila valley (Garhwal). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 20: 1157-1160.

Wright, M. D. (1949): A bird count in Dehra Dun. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 48: 569-572.

Wright, M. D. (1957): Notes on the birds of a selected area of Dehra Dun - June 1946 to July 1951. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 54(3): 627-662.

Wynter-Blyth, M.A. (1951): A naturalist in the North-West Himalaya. Part I. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(3): 344-354.

Wynter-Blyth, M.A. (1952): A naturalist in the North-West Himalaya. Part II. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 50(3): 559-572.

Yahya, H. S. A. (1990a): Communal bathing in birds. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(3-4): 12.

Yahya, H. S. A. (1990b): Waking time of some birds in Kumaon hills. Newsletter for Birdwatchers 30(5 & 6): 16.

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INDEX

States Bihar - 2-20 Delhi -21-33 Himachal Pradesh - 34-54 Jammu & Kashmir - 55-79 Jharkhand - 80-84 Uttar Pradesh - 85-1 19 Uttaranchal - 120-141

Bird Groups

Grebes - 5, 38, 60, 90 Pelicans - 23

Cormorants/Shags - 5, 60 Darters - 60

Herons, egrets and Bittern - 5, 23, 38, 60, 90 Storks -5, 23,38, 60, 90, 123 Flamingos - 5, 38

Swans, Geese and Ducks - 5, 23, 38, 60, 91, 123

Hawks,Eagles, Buzzards, Vultures, Kites and Harriers - 9, 24, 39, 62, 93, 123 Falcons - 39, 95, 124

Pheasants,Partridge and Quails - 9, 24, 40, 62, 95, 124 Cranes - 41, 63, 97

Rails, Crakes, Moorhens and Coots - 9, 24, 64, 98 Bustards - 1 0, 64, 98 Jacanas - 10, 64 Painted-Snipes - 42

Plovers, Dotterels and Lapwings - 10, 24, 42, 65

Sandpipers, Stint, Snipes, Godwits and Curlews - 10, 42, 99, 126

Ibisbill, Avocets and Stilts - 65, 100

Phalaropes - 10, 25

Coursers and Pratincoles - 1 1

Gulls, Terns and Noddies - 1 1, 25, 65, 100

Sandgrouse - 1 00

Pigeons and Doves - 1 1, 25, 42, 100, 126 Parakeets and hanging Parrots - 25, 42, 101, 126 Cuckoos, Malkohas and Coucals - 1 1, 25, 42, 101, 126 Owls - 11,43,65, 101, 126 Nightjars - 43, 102, 127

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Swifts - 12, 43,102,127

Kingfishers - 12, 25, 43, 65, 102

Trogons - 127

Bee-eaters - 12, 25, 66, 103

Rollers - 12, 66, 103, 127

Hombills - 13, 103

Hoopoes -43, 66, 103, 127

Barbets- 13,26, 43,103,127

Woodpeckers - 13, 25, 44, 66, 103, 127

Honeyguides - 127

Broadbills - 103

Pittas - 13,44, 104, 128

Larks - 13, 26, 44, 66, 104

Swallows and Martins - 13, 26, 44, 66, 104, 128

Wagtails and Pipits - 13, 26, 44, 66, 104

Cuckoo-Shrikes, Flycatcher-Shrikes, Trillers, Minivets, Woodshrikes - 45, 104

Bulbuls and Finchbills - 13, 26, 45, 66, 104, 128

loras, Chloropsis/Leafbird, Fairy-Bluebird - 104

Shrikes - 13, 26, 45, 66, 104, 127

Dippers - 60, 104, 128

Thrushes, Shortwings, Robins, Forktails and Wheatears -14, 27, 45, 67, 105, 128

Babblers, Laughingthrushes, Babaxes, Barwings, Yuhinas - 27, 46, 67, 106, 129

Goldcrest, Prinias,Tesias and Warblers - 27, 46, 67, 107, 129

Parrotbills - 107

Flycatchers - 14, 46, 68, 130

Paradise-flycatcher/Monarch Flycatcher - 68, 108

Tits -46, 68,130

Peduline Tits - 108

Nuthatches and Wallcreepers - 28, 68, 108, 130 Treecreepers - 46, 108 Flowerpeckers - 130

Sunbirds and Spiderhunters - 14, 108, 130

White-eyes - 130

Buntings - 28, 108

Finches -47, 69, 108, 131

Munias- 14, 28, 69,109,131

Sparrows and Snowfmches - 15, 69, 109

Weavers - 15, 109, 131

Starlings and Mynas - 15,28,47, 69, 110, 132

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Orioles-15,48, no, 132 Drongos-15, 48,110,132

Crows, Jays, Treepies amd Magpies - 15,28,48, 69, 111,133

Others

Introduction - 1 Index - 142

Checklists - 28, 49, 70, 110 Survey -29, 49, 70,111,133 Wetlands - 16, 29, 49, 70, 112 Region - 16, 30, 50,71, 113, 135 Protected Areas - 16, 29, 49, 71, 113, 133 Agriculture - 52, 116, 138 Conservation - 18, 53, 75, 138 Miscellaneous - 19, 32, 53, 75, 110, 138

144

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