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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY: J. W. POWELL, DIRECTOR

BULLETIN 25

Kemi Die TRON ATR Y

BY

JAMES HAMMOND TRUMBULL

WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1903

bat]

aaneamian Instituy, S
pai Ret
SEP 29 1903

tonal Musev™:

—

CONTENTS

ANrimxonna(esn Gath Casoas seenec «Sears so none SE Ses oo DG P= SOS See a ae SS Coes
Introduction, by Edward Everett Hale -.--.-------------------------------
NS SENAEIMOIED ocean das cobcel sos cos eet) Eee ee abe Cee SaaS See Saee aero OO
Natick-English vocabulary -.-..----------------------------+---------=-=---
English-Natick vocabulary -..-.:-------------------+++-++---2-22722-00000--
Additions and corrections ..-----------------------------------+--0-------

ee ew fe a

ANNOUNCEMENT

In 1877 the United States Geographical and Geological Survey of
the Rocky Mountain Region (J. W. Powell, Director) began the issue of
a series of ethnologic reports in quarto form under the title Contri-
butions to North American Ethnology. Several of the volumes were
printed under special authority conferred by Congressional resolu-
tions: and in March, 1881, the publication of volumes v1, vir, vor,
1x, and x of the series was authorized by the Congress through a
concurrent resolution. This authorization was superseded by the law
providing for the public printing and binding and the distribution of
public documents, approved January 12, 1895. Up to this time there
had been published eight volumes of Contributions (including one
bound in two parts), numbered vm and rx.

After the United States Geographical and Geological Survey of the
Roéky Mountain Region was merged in the United States Geological
Survey, the Congress made provision for continuing the ethnologic
researches and publications; and in conformity with this law the Bureau
of Ethnology was founded. The Director of the new Bureau (J. W.
Powell) began the publication of annual reports in royal octavo form
with that for the fiscal year 1879-80, and at the same time continued the
issue of the Contributions to North American Ethnology. Until 1895
the annual reports were specially authorized by the Congress, usually
through concurrent resolutions; since 1895 they have been issued under
authority of the public printing law. Of these reports nineteen have
been published and others are in press; the Fourteenth, Seventeeth,
Eighteenth, and Nineteenth are each in two parts or volumes.

In August, 1886, the Director of the Bureau was authorized by a
joint resolution of the Congress to begin the publication of a series of
bulletins, which were issued in octavo form; and in July, 1888, the
continuation of the series was authorized by a concurrent resolution.
When the public printing law was drafted this series was omitted, and
the issue terminated in 1894. Up to this time there had been published
twenty-four bulletins, each under a special title.

VI BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

In the law making appropriation for the ethnologic work, approved
June 4, 1897, the title was changed to ‘American Ethnology”; the
designation of the Bureau was modified conformably, and the Sixteenth
report (for 1894-95, issued in 1897) and those of later date bear the
modified title. From 1895 to 1900 but a single series was issued by
the Bureau of American Ethnology, viz, the annual reports.

In 1900 the Congress authorized the resumption of publication in
bulletin form by a concurrent resolution, adopted by the House of
Representatives on April 7 and by the Senate on April 27. This
resolution is as follows:

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That there be printed
at the Government Printing Office eight thousand copies of any matter furnished by
the Director of the Bureau of American Ethnology relating to researches and discoy-
eries connected with the study of the American aborigines, the same to be issued as
bulletins uniform with the annual reports, one thousand five hundred of which shall
be for the use of the Senate, three thousand for the use of the House of Representatives,
and three thousand five hundred for distribution by the Bureau.

Pursuant to this authority the manuscript of the late Dr J. H.
Trumbull’s Natick-English and English-Natick Dictionary was trans-
mitted to the Public Printer on May 12, 1900, with the request that
the same be printed and bound and issued as a bulletin uniform with
the annual reports of the Bureau of American Ethnology. The com-
position was at once taken up; but by reason of the technical character
of the matter and unforeseen difficulties in proof reading, the issue of
this initial number of the new series has been unexpectedly delayed.

It is a pleasure to acknowledge the courtesy of the American Anti-
quarian Society and of its president, Honorable Stephen Salisbury,
in intrusting Dr Trumbull’s unique manuscripts to this Bureau; and
it is especially gratifying to express appreciation of the scholarly
interest and aid of Dr Edward Everett Hale, who not only effected
the arrangement for publication but contributed an introduction
to the work. While this introduction was written from the stand.
point of the general literary student rather than the specialist in
Indian languages and characteristics, it pays a just tribute to the mem-
ory of the eminent philologist whose latest, and perhaps greatest,
work was that of compiling and comparing the acompanying vocabu-
laries from the Eliot Bible. James Hammond Trumbull was born
in Stonington, Connecticut, December 20, 1821; he was a student
at Yale, and held important public offices in Hartford during the
period 1847-1864. He was an original member of the American
Philological Association in 1869, and its president in 1874 and 1875;
a member of the American Oriental Society, of the American Ethno-
logical Society, and of several other learned societies, including the
National Academy of Sciences. In 1873 he was chosen lecturer on

ANNOUNCEMENT VII

native languages of North America at Yale University, though failure
of health soon compelled his resignation; and from Yale, Harvard,
and Columbia he was the recipient of degrees in recognition of notable
researches and publications. In addition to his linguistic knowledge
he possessed great learning and skillas a bibliographer. During his
later years he was a valued correspondent of the Bureau, and his wide
knowledge of both aboriginal tongues and bibliographic methods,
freely conveyed to the officers of the Bureau, proved of great service.
He died in Hartford, Connecticut, August 5, 1897.

Dr Hale pays a merited tribute also to John Eliot, the pioneer stu-
dent of aboriginal languages in the New England region, pointing out
that Eliot was not merely a translator of the native tongues but an
original investigator of their structure. Naturally the opinions con-
cerning the aborigines and their languages based on the limited knowl-
edge of the middle of the seventeenth century were much less definite
than those resting on the numerous records extant at the beginning of
the nineteenth century; yet it is noteworthy that the early view of
Eliot, voiced by Dr Hale, as to the widespread grammatic corres-
pondences among the native tongues, possesses a meaning well worth
the interest of the pioneer student and his later interpreters, Trumbull
and Hale. The place and date of John Eliot’s birth are not recorded,
but he was baptized in Widford, Hertfordshire, England, August 5,
1604. He matriculated at Cambridge in 1619, and took a degree in
1622; he subsequently took orders, and, accepting a call to Roxbury,
Massachusetts, emigrated in 1631. He remained at Roxbury in pus-
toral work throughout the remainder of his life; he died May 21,
1690. As indicated by DrHale, his enduring reputation rests chiefly
on his records of aboriginal languages; yet it would seem that he exer-
cised a still more important influence on his own and later eenerations
through his sympathetic efforts to educate the tribesmen of New Ene-
land and to raise them toward the plane of self-respecting citizenship.
In this work, too, he was a pioneer; and undoubtedly he did much to
prepare the minds of statesmen and philanthropists for the humanita-
rian views of primitive men which characterize modern policies toward
the Nation’s wards. Thus it is particularly fitting that Eliot, the plo-
neer in sympathetic and systematic study of the aborigines, no less
than Trumbull, the direct contributor, should receive from the Bureau
of American Ethnology such honor as this publication may confer.

As has been noted by Dr Hale, the Trumbull manuscript and proot
passed through the hands of Dr Albert S. Gatschet and received the
benefit of his extended acquaintance with the native languages of the
Algonquian stock. The manuscript was not, however, edited crit-
ically; it was, on the other hand, aimed to print the matter substan-
tially as it left the author’s hands, with only those minor changes in

VIIL BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

punctuation, alphabetic arrangement, cross references, ete., which the
author would necessarily have made had he lived to revise the copy;
and a list of abbreviations was prepared. Still, the task of proof
revision proved arduous, and much credit is due Mr F. W. Hodge,
who began, and Mr H. 8. Wood, who completed, this work. Grate-
ful acknowledgment is made to Mr Wilberforce Eames, of the New
York Public Library, for aid in interpreting abbreviations.
Jury 10, 1902.

INTRODUCTION
By Epwarp Evrrerr Hae

Dr Trumbull’s vocabularies constitute the most important contribu-
tion to the scientific study of Eliot’s Indian Bible which has been made
since that wonderful book was published.

To the preparation of these yocabularies James Hammond Trumbull
gaye most of his time throughout the closing years of his diligent and
valuable life. The work was so nearly finished when he died that, as
the reader will see, it is clearly best to print it as he left it, and to leave
it to the careful students of the future for completion by such work as
he has made comparatively easy. By her generous gift of the beau-
tiful finished manuscript to the American Antiquarian Society, his
widow, Mrs Sarah Robinson Trumbull, has made its immediate pub-
lication possible. The officers of the society at once consulted Major
Powell, the Director of the Bureau of American Ethnology, as to the
best plan for its publication. The Bureau placed the manuscript in
the hands of Dr Albert 5. Gatschet, of the ethnologic staff; and the
book has had the great advantage of his extended acquaintance with
Algonquian languages as it passed through the press.

It is hoped that the book will form the first volume in a series of
vocabularies of the native languages. Such a series, under such
supervision as the Bureau will give to the selection and editing of the
works contained in it, will be of great value to students of language;
but it will contain no book more yaluable in itself or more interesting
from its history than Dr Trumbull’s Dictionary. ;

Even in circles of people who should be better informed, we fre-
quently hear it said that the Bible of Eliot is now nothing but a liter-
ary curiosity, and hardly that. Such an expression is unjust to Eliot’s
good sense, and it is quite untrue. Reverend J. A. Gilfillan, whose
work of education among the northern tribes is so remarkable, found
that his intelligent Chippewa companions were greatly interested in
the Bible of Eliot, and readily caught the analogies of the language
with their own when the system of spelling and of vocalization was
explained to them.

With great good sense, Eliot used the English letters with the
sounds which Englishmen gave them. When the American Home

Ix

x BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (BULL. 25

Missionary Society first undertook its translations of the Bible, it
adopted, after some question, the yowel pronunciation of the Latin
nations. The wadtchu (mountain) of Eliot becomes in Mr. Sherman
Hall’s translation uijiuii, the one letter ~ being the only letter which
is the same in both words; yet both mean to express the same sound.
It seems now a great pity that the translators in our century did not
use in any way the diligent work of Eliot.

In the spring of 1899 I placed before a Chippewa boy in the Hamp-
ton (Virginia) school thirty words of the Massachusetts Indian lan-
guage. He recognized at once fifteen of them, giving to them their
full meaning; and with a little study he made out almost all of the
remainder. In the course of two and a half centuries the uses of
words differ as much among Indians as among white men, but it
would seem that they do not differ more.

Such careful study as Dr Trumbull and Duponceau and Pickering
and Heckewelder have given to the Algonquian languages shows
beyond a doubt that John Eliot was one of the great philologists of
the world. His study of the remarkable grammatic construction of the
Indian languages proves to be scientific and correct. The linguists
of the continent of Europe took it for granted, almost, that Eliot’s
statements regarding the grammar of the Indian tribes could not
be true. It seemed to them impossible that languages so perfect in
their systems and so carefully precise in their adaptations of those
systems could maintain their integrity among tribes of savages who
had no system of writing. All study of these languages, however,
through the century which has just passed, has proved that the elab-
orate system of grammar was correctly described by Eliot, and, to the
surprise of European philologists, that it is fairly uniform through
many variations of dialect and vocabulary.

It is much to be regretted that a careless habit of thought takes it
for granted that a good Indian word of one locality is a good Indian
word of another, and that names may be transferred from North to
South or from South to North at the free will of an innkeeper or of a
poet. Such transfers of words, which in the beginning amount almost
to falsehood, cause more confusion and more as time goes by.

Mr Pilling’s valuable bibliography of the Algonquian languages
shows us that there are now existing fourteen complete copies of
Eliot’s Bible in the first and second editions. Besides the complete
text we have the New Testament printed ina separate volume in 1661,
and in the Eliot Primer or Catechism, which has been reprinted in the
present generation, we have the Lord’s Prayer and some texts from
the Bible, as well as a translation of the Apostles’ Creed into the
Massachusetts language. The number of books printed as part of his
movement for the translation of the Scriptures and the conversion of
the Indians is nearly forty. For the use of all these books Dr Trum-

HALE] INTRODUCTION XI

bull’s dictionary will be of the very first value. Is it perhaps just
possible that the publication of this book may awaken such attention
to the subject that some of Eliot’s lost manuscripts may still be
discovered 4

Of Eliot’s place as a scholar and an educator Dr DeNormandie,
who now fills his pulpit in Roxbury, speaks in the highest terms. — It
would seem that we owe to Eliot the establishment of the first proper
Sunday school in America, and perhaps one may say in the English
realm. On October 6, 1674, the record of his church says:

This day we restored our primitive practice for the training of our youth. First
our male youth, in fitting season, stay every Sabbath after the evening exercise in
the public meeting house, where the elders will examine their remembrance that day
of any fit poynt of catechise. Secondly, that our female youth should meet in one
place (on Monday) where the elders may examine them on their remembrance of
yesterday about catechise and what else may be convenient.

**The care of the lambs,” says Eliot, *‘is one-third part of the charge
over the works of God.”

Dr DeNormandie ascribes to Eliot the general establishment of
‘Sorammar schools” among the institutions of Massachusetts. He
says: ‘*One day all the neighboring churches were gathered in Boston
to ‘consider how the miscarriages which were among us might be pre-
vented,’ Eliot exclaimed with great fervor, ‘Lord, for our schools
everywhere among us! That our schools may flourish! That every
member of this assembly may go home and procure a good school to be
encouraged in the town where he lives! That before we die we may
be so happy as to see a good school encouraged in every plantation in
the country!’” By **plantation” Eliot meant separate village.

Cotton Mather says: **God so pleased his endeavors that Roxbury
could not live quietly without a free school inthe town.” Roxbury was
the town of which Eliot was the minister. ‘*And the issue of it has been
one thing which has made me almost put the title of * Schola [Mustris?
upon that little nursery; that is, that Roxbury has afforded more
scholars, first for the college and then for the publick, than any town
of its bigness, or if I mistake not, of twice its bigness, in all New-
England.”

John Eliot was quite willing to accept the responsibilities of making
laws and even a constitution for his ‘* praying Indians.” As he found
the Indian tribes, government among them seemed at best absolutely

c=}

minimum; he was unable to perceive that they had any government.
Eliot made for them a working constitution for a democracy, on prin-
ciples which are so absolutely democratic that they frightened even
the Puritan emigrants around him, the coadjutors of Cromwell and
Sidney. Poor Eliot was even obliged to recall his words in a public
recantation. The democratic constitution which he wrote for his

people is well worth the study of any faithful student of government

oO
t=)

XII BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 25

today. On much the same plan were his settlements founded where
the colonies of ‘‘ praying Indians,” with the government of the people
by the people and for the people, and with the oversight of a henevo-
lent judge in Israel, were his coadjutors and pupils. It is, alas,
impossible to tell what would have been the outcome of this remark-
able experiment, for the outbreak of King Philip’s war in the year
1675 broke it up before it was fairly tested.

Kliot’s first religious service among the Indians was on Octoner 28,
1646. When King Philip, in 1675, united the Indian tribes of New
England in almost simultaneous attacks on the English settlements,
the excitement in the seaboard towns turned against Eliot’s ** praying
Indians,” and the people suspected

as on such an occasion seems
natural—that these converts were in league with the enemy. So
strong was the popular feeling in Boston that Eliot was compelled to
remoye his colony from Natick to Deer island, in Boston harbor, and
there, as exiles from their own land, they spent the months before
King Philip’s power was broken. They then went back to Natick,
where the people celebrated, on the 4th of July last, the two hundred
and fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of that village. There
seems to be no one left in that neighborhood of the descendants of
this colony.

A late and insufficient authority says that Natick means Place of
the Hills. The Dictionary of Dr Trumbull affords no support for
this etymology, and it is probably mistaken. Charles river, as a
small stream, passes through the village. Captain John Smith gave to
it its name, which was the name of Prince Charles, afterward King
Charles. The Indian name of this stream seems to have been Quino-
beguin; this would: seem to mean Long river, from the root quin,
it is long (compare Quinnehtukqut, the Connecticut); or, quite as
probably, it means the river which turns about, from quinuppe,
around about or all about.

South of the Natick Indians the Narragansett tribe spoke a dialect
not very different from theirs, and west of these the Mobegan tribe
used another dialect of the same language. There is now no Narra-
gansett Indian who remembers any words of the language of his fore-
fathers: Mrs Mitchell, who considered herself a descendant of King
Philip and who did remember some of the words of his tribe, died in the
spring of 1899. The Mashpee Indians still exist as a native community,
occupying the town of Mashpee on Cape Cod. They have taken on
all the habits of civilization: among others, they preserve their own
trout brooks for the benefit of amateur sportsmen, and rent them to
such sportsmen for considerable revenue. They maintain free schools
as other towns of Massachusetts do, but in these schools no word of
the language of their race is spoken, nor do any of the Mashpee
Indians have further knowledge of it than does any other New

HALE] INTRODUCTION XIII

Englander. The Gay Head Indians, on Marthas Vineyard, a brave
and spirited set of men, retained a knowledge of their own language
later perhaps than did any other of the Indians of southern New
England, but it has died out among them. In the eastern part of
Maine, however, the Passamaquoddy and Micmac Indians, whose
range extends into the British provinces, still use their dialects of the
Algonquian stock. Vocabularies of the related dialect spoken by the
Abnakis, prepared by the faithful Catholic minister, Sebastian Rasles,
still exist; of these the most important was printed by the American
Academy as edited by the distinguished scholar Mr John Pickering.
Roxsury, Mass., July 19, 1901.

BIA. E., Bunn. 25

II

- Cyr 7
ee

Mi y f

aug?

ABBREVIATIONS

Abn. =Abnaki.

act. =active.

Adelung=Adelung, Johann Christoph [and Vater, J. 8.]. Mithridates oder allge-
meine sprachenkunde. 4 vols. Berlin, 1806-17.

adj. =adjective.

ady. =adverb.

Afgh.=Afghan.

agent. See n. agent.

Alg.=Algic (Algonquian; in citations from McKenney, Chippewa); Algonkin (the
Algonkin or Nippissing dialect of the Lake of the TwoeMountains, near the
western end of the island of Montreal); Algonquian.

an.=animate; animate object.

Ang.-Sax. = Anglo-Saxon.

Arab. =Arabic.

Arch. Amer.=Archeeologia Americana. Transactions and collections of the Ameri-
can Antiquarian Society. Vols.1-1v. Worcester and Cambridge, 1820-60.

Archer=Archer, Gabriel. Relation of Captain Gosnold’s voyage to the north part
of Virginia, begun . . . 1602, ete. In Purchas, Samuel, His pilgrimes,
vol. rv, London, 1625; Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 3, vol. vin,
Boston, 1843.

AS, = Anglo-Saxon.

Assembly Catechism. See Quinney.

augm.=augmentative.

auxil.=auxiliary.

A. V.=Authorized version.

Bancroft=Bancroft, George. History of the United States from the discovery of the
American continent. 10 vols. Boston, 1834-1874. Many other editions.

Bar., Baraga=Baraga, Rev. Frederic.

Dict. (or simply Bar.)=A dictionary of the Otchipwe language, explained in
English. Cincinnati, 1853; Montreal, 1878, 1879 (with grammar), 1880,
1882 (with grammar). References are to the edition of 1853.

Gr.=A theoretical and practical grammar of the Otchipwe language. Detroit,
1850; Montreal, 1878, 1879 (with dictionary), 1882 (with dictionary). Refer-
ences are to the edition of 1850.

Bartlett=Bartlett, John Russell. Dictionary of Americanisms. A glossary of words
and phrases usually regarded as peculiar to the United States. New York,
1848. Several later editions.

Note. It has not been possible to refer to the source of all quotations, and hence a few errors may
haye crept into the bibliographic parts of this list. All known editions of important works have been
cited, note being made of the editions referred to in the Dictionary when these are known.

XV

XVI BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (BULL. 25

Barton, Barton’s Compar. Voc.=Barton, Benjamin Smith. New views of the origin
of the tribes and nations of America. Philadelphia, 1797, 1798. Contains
comparative vocabulary of a number of Indian languages.

Beverley=Beyerley, Robert. The history and present state of Virginia, in four
parts... III. The native Indians, their religion, laws, and customs, in
war and peace. London, 1705, 1722; Richmond, 1855. References are to
the second edition.

Bloch=Bloch, Mark Elieser. Several works on ichthyology, 1782-1801.

Bonap.=Bonaparte, Charles Lucien Jules Laurent. American ornithology. Phila-
delphia, 1825-33.

Bopp=Bopp, Franz. Comparative Grammar of the Sanscrit, Zend, Greek, Latin,
Lithuanian, Gothic, German, and Sclavonie languages. Translated from
the German [Berlin, 1833-52, 1857-61, 1868-71] by E. B. Eastwick. 3 vols.
London, 1845-50, 1856.

Brebeuf=Brebeuf, Jean de. Relation de ce qui s’est passé dans le pays des Hurons
en l'année 1636. With Le Jeune, Paul, Relation de ce qui s’est passé en la
Novvelle France en l'année 1636, Paris, 1637; in Relations des Jésuites, vol. 1,
Quebec, 1858; The Jesuit relations and allied documents . . . edited by
Reuben Gold Thwaites, vol. x, Cleveland, 1897. The Quebee edition was
the one used.

C., Cott., Cotton=Cotton, Josiah. Vocabulary of the Massachusetts (or Natick)
Indian language. In Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 3, vol. 1, Cam-
bridge, 1830 (edited by John Pickering); issued separately, Cambridge, 1829.

Caldw.=Caldwell, Robert. Comparative grammar of the Dravidian or South Indian
family of languages. London, 1856.

Camp.=Campanius, Johan. Lutheri catechismus Ofwersatt pa American-Virginiske
spraket [followed by] Vocabularium Barbaro-Virgineorum. Stockholm,
1696. The vocabulary was reprinted with some additions in Campanius
Holm, Thomas, Kort beskrifning om proyincien Nya Swerige uti America,
Stockholm, 1702. The latter work was transtated as, A short description
of the province of New Sweden... Translated... By Peter S. Du
Ponceau, in Pennsylvania Historical Soc. Mem., vol. m1, pt. 1, Philadel-
phia, 1834; issued separately, Philadelphia, 1834.

Cant. =Canticles (The song of Solomon).

Cass=Cass, Lewis. Remarks on the condition, character, and languages, of the
North American Indians. From the North American Review, no. L [vol.
xxii], for January, 1826.

Catechismo Algonchino=Catechismo dei missionari cattolici in lingua algonchina,
pubblicato per cura di E. Teza. Pisa, 1872.

caus., causat. causative.

cf.=confer, compare.

Chald. =Chaldaic, Chaldee.

Charlevoix =Charleyoix, Pierre Francois Xavier de. Histoire et description générale
de la Nouvelle France, avec le journal historique d’un voyage fait par ordre
du roi dans l’Amérique Septentrionale. Paris, 1744; London, 1761, 1763;
Dublin, 1766. There are other editions not containing the linguistic
material.

Chey. =Cheyenne.

Chip. =Chippewa.

Gr. Tray.=Grand Traverse band.
Mack. =Mackinaw band.
Sag. =Saginaw band.
St Marys=S8t Marys band.
1 Chr.=The first book of the chronicles.

TRUMBULL] ABBREVIATIONS XVII

2 Chr.=The second book of the chronicles.

C. M., C. Math., C. Mather= Mather, Cotton.

Family religion excited and assisted. Indian heading: Teashshinninneongane
peantamooonk wogkouunumun kah anunumwontamun. Boston, 1714.

Notit. Ind.=Notitia Indiarum, in India Christiana. A discourse, delivered unto
the Commissioners, for the propagation of the Gospel among the American
Indians. Boston, 1721.

Wussukwhonk en Christianeue asuh peantamwae Indianog, ete. Second title:
An epistle to the Christian Indians, ete. Boston, 1700, 1706.

Col. =The epistle of Paul to the Colossians.

comp. =compound.

compar. =comparative.

condit. =conditional.

conj. =conjunction.

Conn. Rec.=Public records of the colony of Connecticut. Vols. m1, 1636-89,
edited by J. H. Trumbull; vols. 1v-xv, 1689-1776, edited by C. J. Hoadly;
appendix, 1663-1710. Hartford, 1850-90.

constr. =construct state.

contract. contracted form.

1 Cor.=The first epistle of Paul to the Corinthians.

2 Cor.=The second epistle of Paul to the Corinthians.

Cott., Cotton. See C. j

Cotton, John. See Rawson; El. (I. P.).

Cuy.=Cuvier, Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédérie Dagobert, Baron. Several works
on zoology.

Dan.=The book of the prophet Daniel; Danish.

Danf.=Danforth, Samuel.

Masukkenukeeg matcheseaenvog wequetoog kah wuttooanatoog uppeyaonont
Christoh kah ne yeuyeu teanuk, ete. Translation: Greatest sinners called and
encouraged to come to Christ, and that now, quickly, ete. Boston, 1698.

Oggus. Kutt.=The woful effects of drunkenness, etc. Address in Indian begins
on page 43 with the words ‘‘Oggussunash kuttooonkash.’’ Boston, 1710.

Also a manuscript vocabulary of the Massachusetts language, in the library of
the Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.

Dawson=Dawson, Sir John William. Acadian geology. Edinburgh, 1855; Mon-
treal, 1860; London, 18€8.

Del. =Delaware.

derog. =derogatory.

Descr. N. Netherland, 1671. See Montanus.

Deut. =Deuteronomy.

De Vries=Vries, David Pietersz. de. Voyages from Holland to America, A. D. 1632
to 1644. . . Translated from the Dutch [Hoorn, 1655] . . . by Henry C.
Murphy. New York, 1853; in New York Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 2, vol.
m1, pt. 1, New York, 1857.

dict.=dictionary. See Bar.; Gray.; Rasles.

dimin. =diminutive.

Duponceau=Duponceau, Peter Stephen.

Corresp. See Hkw.

Notes on El. Gr. See El.

east. =eastern.

Eccl., Eccles. =Ecclestiastes.

Edw.=Edwards, Jonathan. Observations on the language of the Muhhekaneew
[Mohegan] Indians... Communicated to the Connecticut Society of Arts
and Sciences, and published at the request of the society. New Haven,

XVIII BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL, 25

Edw. =Edwards, Jonathan—continued.
1788; London, 1788, 1789; New York, 1801; in Massachusetts Historical Soc.
Coll., ser. 2, vol. x, Boston, 1823 (with notes by Pickering); in Works of
Jonathan Edwards, with a memoir of his life and character, by Edward
Tryon (2 vols.), Hartford, 1842. References are to the edition of New
Haven, 1788, and that in the Massachusetts Historical Society Collections.

Egyp.=Egyptian.

El., Eliot=Eliot, John.

Bible=The holy Bible: containing the Old Testament and the New. Translated
into the Indian language, and ordered to be printed by the Commissioners
of the United Colonies in New-England, at the charge and with the consent
of the Corporation in England. Second title: Mamusse wunneetupanatamwe
up-biblum God naneeswe nukkone testament kah wonk wusku testament,
ete. Cambridge, 1663 (also with Indian title only), 1685, (with Indian title
only). References are to the 1685 edition.

Gr., Gram.=The Indian grammar begun: or, An essay to bring the Indian lan-
guage into rules, for the help of such as desire to learn the same, ete. Cam-
bridge, 1666; in Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 2, vol. 1x, Boston,
1822 (with notes by P. S. Duponceau and an introduction and supple-
mentary observations by John Pickering); issued separately, Boston, 1822.

I. P., Ind. Prim.=Indiane primer asuh negonneyeuuk. Ne nashpe mukkiesog
woh tauog wunnamuhkuttee ogketamunnate Indiane unnontoowaonk. Kah
Meninnunk wutch mukkiesog. Second title: The Indian primer; or The first
book. By which children may know truely to read the Indian language.
And Milk for babes. Boston, 1720,1747. This is a revised edition, prob-
ably by Experience Mayhew, of Eliot’s Primer of 1654 (?), 1662, 1669, 1687(?),
printed with Rawson’s translation of John Cotton’s Spiritual milk for babes
(also somewhat revised). Parts of the edition of 1720 were reprinted in
Massachusetts Historical Soe. Coll., ser. 2, vol. 11, Cambridge, 1830,

Man. Pom., Manit. Pom.=Manitowompae pomantamoonk: sampwshanau
Christianoh uttoh woh an pomantog wussikkitteahonat God. Translation:
Godly living: directs a Christian how he may liye to please God. Cam-
bridge, 1665, 1685.

N. T.=The New Testament of our lord and sayiour Jesus Christ. Translated
into the Indian language, and ordered to be printed, ete. Second title: Wusku
wuttestamentum nul-lordumun Jesus Christ nuppoquohwussuaeneumun.
Cambridge, 1661 (also with Indian title only), 1680 (with Indian title only).
References are to the 1680 edition.

8. Q., Samp. Quin., Samp. Quinnup.=Sampwutteahae quinnuppekompauaenin

mache wussukhtmun ut English-mine unnontoowaonk nashpe .
Thomas Shephard, quinnuppentimun en Indiane unnontoowaonganit nashpe
. John Eliot. Kah nawhutche ut aiyeuongash oggussemese ontcheteauun

nashpe Grindal Rawson. Translation: The sincere conyert . . . written in
English by . . . Thomas Shepard, translated into Indian by . . . John

Eliot. And in some places a little amended by Grindal Rawson. Cam-
bridge, 1689.
Also several other translations.
E. M., Exp. Mayhew=Mayhew, Experience.

Mass. Ps.=Massachusee psalter: asuh, Ukkuttoohomaongash David weche
wunnaunchemookaonk ne ansukhogup John, ut Indiane kah Englishe
nepatuhquonkash, ete. Second title: The Massachuset psalter: or, Psalms of
David with the Gospel according to John, in columns of Indian and English,
ete. Boston, 1709.

TRUMBULL] ABBREVIATIONS RGIS

E. M., Exp. Mayhew=Mayhew, Experience—continued.

Ne kesukod Jehovah kessehtunkup. Kekuttoohkaonk papaume kuhquttum-
mooonk kah nanawehtoonk ukkesukodum Lord, ete. Second title: The day
which the Lord hath made. <A discourse concerning the institution and
observation of the Lords-day, ete. Boston, 1707.

A manuscript letter to Honorable Paul Dudley on the Indian language of Con-
necticut colony, 1722. Contains a translation of the Lord’s prayer. When
FE. M. alone is used this letter is referred to. It was printed in the New
England Historical and Genealogical Register, vol. xxx1x, Boston, 1885
(communicated by John 8. H. Fogg, M. D.). Reprinted as follows:

Observations on the Indian language .. . Now published from the original
ms. by John 8. H. Fogg, ete. Boston, 1884.

It is probable that the Indiane primer of 1720 and 1747 (see El., I. P.) was
revised by Mayhew.

Engl.=English.

Eph.=The epistle of Paul to the Ephesians.

Esth.=The book of Esther. :

Etch. =Etchemin.

Eth., Ethiop.=Ethiopian.

Ex. =Exodus.

Ezek. =The book of the prophet Ezekiel.

fem. feminine.

Forbes’ Dahomey=Forbes, F. E. Dahomey and the Dahomans; two missions to
king of Dahomey in 1848-1850. 2 vols. London, 1851.

Force Tracts=Tracts and other papers relating principally to the origin, settlement,
and progress of the colonies in North America, from the discovery to the
year 1776. Collected by Peter Force. 4 vols. Washington, 1836-46.

Fr.=French.

freq. =frequentative.

Gal.=The epistle of Paul to the Galatians.

Gallatin=Gallatin, Albert.

A synopsis of the Indian tribes within the United States east of the Rocky
mountains, ete. In American Antiquarian Soc. Trans. (Archzelogia Ameri-
cana), vol. 1, Cambridge, 1836.

Hale’s Indians of north-west America, and yocabularies of North America; with
an Aa eueD: In American Ethnological Soc. Trans., vol. 11, New York,
1848.

Gen. =Genesis.
gen. =genitive.
Gen. Reg.=New England historical and genealogical register. Published under
the direction of the New England Historic Genealogical Society. Vols.
I-LyI, Boston and Albany, 1847-1902.
Gerard’s Herbal=Gerard, John. The herball, or Generall historie of plantes.
London, 1597, 1633, 1636.
Germ. =German.
Gookin=Gookin, Daniel.
Historical account of the doings and sufferings of the Christian Indians of New
England. In American Antiquarian Soc. Trans. (Archzeologia Americana) ,
vol. 11, Cambridge, 1836.
Historical collections of the Indians in New England. In Massachusetts His-
torical Soe. Coll., ser. 1, vol. 1, Boston, 1792, 1806.
Goth. =Gothie.
Gr. =Greek.
gr., gram.=grammar. See Bar., El., Howse, Maill., Zeisb., and others.

XX BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 25

Gray., Gravier=Gravier, James. A manuscript dictionary of the Illinois language,
belonging to Dr Trumbull.

Hab. =Habakkuk.

Hag. =Haggai.

Harmon=Harmon, Daniel Williams. A journal of voyages and travels in the inter-
iour of North America, between the 47th and 58th degrees of north latitude,
extending from Montreal nearly to the Pacific ocean, etc. Andover, 1820.
Contains Cree linguistic material.

Hayden=Hayden, Francis Vandever. Contributions to the ethnography and phil-
ology of the Indian tribes of the Missouri valley. In American Philosoph-
ical Soc. Trans., n. s., vol. x11, Philadelphia, 1863; printed separately, Phila-
delphia, 1862.

Heb.=Hebrew; The epistle of Paul to the Hebrews.

Hib. = Hiberno-Celtic.

Higginson=Higginson (or Higgeson), Francis. New Englands plantation; or, A
short and true description of the commodities and discommodities of that
country. » London, 1630; in Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 1, vol.
1, Boston, 1792, 1806; Force Tracts, vol. 1, Washington, 1836; Young, Alex-
ander, Chronicles of the first planters of the colony of Massachusetts bay,
Boston, 1846.

Hkw.=Heckewelder, John Gottlieb Ernestus.

Comp. Voe.=Comparative vocabulary of Algonquin dialects. From Hecke-
welder’s manuscripts in the collections of the American Philosophical Society,
Philadelphia. Printed for the ‘‘Aleove of American Native Languages”’ in
Wellesley College library, by E. N. Horsford. Cambridge, 1887.

Corresp.=A correspondence between the Rey. John Heckewelder, of Bethle-
hem, and Peter §. Duponceau, esq., ete. Im American Philosophical Soc.,
Trans. of the Historical and Literary Committee, vol. 1, Philadelphia, 1819;
Pennsylvania Historical Soc. Mem., vol. x11, Philadelphia, 1876.

Hist. Acc.=An account of the history, manners, and customs of the Indian
nations, who once inhabited Pennsylvania and the neighbouring states. In
American Philosophical Soc., Trans. of the Historical and Literary Com-
mittee, vol. 1, Philadelphia, 1819; printed separately Philadelphia, 1818;
also in Pennsylvania_ Historical Soc. Mem., vol. xu, Philadelphia, 1876.

Also manuscript vocabularies of Chippewa, Delaware, Mahicanni, Nanticoke, and
Shawanese languages, in the library of the American Philosophical Society,
Philadelphia, and seyeral other works containing Delaware linguistic
material.

Hos. = Hosea.

Howse=Howse, Joseph. A grammar of the Cree language, with which is combined
an analysis of the Chippeway dialect. London, 1844, 1865.

i., intr., intrans. =intransitive.

i. e.=id est, that is.

Iil., Ilin. =Mlinois.

MS Dict. See Grav.

imp.=impersonal.

imper., imperat. =imperative.

inan.=inanimate, inanimate object.

indef. =indefinite.

Ind. Laws, Indian Laws=The hatchets, to hew down the tree of sin, which bears the
fruit of death. Or, The laws, by which the magistrates are to punish offenses,
among the Indians, as well as among the English. Boston, 1705.

TRUMBULL] ABBREVIATIONS XXI

Ind. Prim. See El.

infin. =infinitive. —

intens. =intensive.

interj. interjection.

interrog. =interrogatve.

intr., intrans. See i.

introd. =introduction.

I. P. See El.

Is.=The book of the prophet Isaiah.

J.=Jones, John, and Jones, Peter.

John=The Gospel according to St. John. Translated into the Chippeway
tongue by John Jones, and revised and corrected by Peter Jones, Indian
teachers. London, 1831; Boston, 1838 (with Indian and English title).

Also several other translations into Chippewa by both authors.

Jeff. Jefferson, Thomas.

A vocabulary of the language of the Unquachog Indians, who constitute the
Pusspatock settlement in the town of Brookhaven, south side of Long island.
Manuscript in the library of the American Philosophical Society, Phila-
delphia. Copy in the library of the Bureau of American Ethnology.

[Vocabulary of the Mohican, Long Island, and Shawnoe languages. ] In Gallatin,
A., Synopsis of Indian tribes, American Antiquarian Soe. Trans. (Archzeo-
logia Americana), vol. 11, Cambridge, 1836.

Several other manuscripts in the library of the American Philosophical Socievy.

Jer.=The book of the prophet Jeremiah.

John=The Gospel according to St John. For Chippewa Bible quotations see J.

Josh. =The book of Joshua.

Josselyn=Josselyn, John.

Rar., N. E. Rar.=New England’s rarities discovered; in birds, beasts, fishes,
serpents, and plants of that country. London, 1672; Boston, 1865; in
American Antiquarian Soc. Trans. (Archzeologia Americana), vol. rv
Boston, 1860.

Voy.=Account of two voyages to New England [1638, 1663]. London, 1674,
1675; Boston, 1865; in Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 3, vol. In,
Cambridge, 1833.

Judd=Judd, Sylvester.

Gen. Reg. =Article on the fur trade on Connecticut river, in New England His-
torical and Genealogical Register, yol. x1, Boston, 1857.

Hadley, Hist. of Hadley=History of Hadley. Northampton, 1863.

Judg.=The book of judges.

1 K.=The first book of the kings.

2 K.=The second book of the kings.

K. A. See Osunk.

Keat., Keating=Keating, William Hypolitus. Narrative of an expedition to the
source of St. Peter’s river,ete. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 1824; London, 1825.
Contains vocabularies of Sauk and Chippewa languages.

L.=Linné (or Linnzeus), Karl yon. Several works on botany.

Lah., Lahontan=Lahontan, Armand Louis de Delondarce, Baron de. New voyages
to North America, containing an account of the several nations of that yast
continent . . . To which is added, a dictionary of the Algonkine language,
which is generally spoke in North America. 2 vols. London, 1703, 1735.
Various editions in French, Dutch, and German.

Lam.=The lamentations of Jeremiah.

Lat. =Latin.

?

XXII BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 25

1. c., loc. cit.=loco citato, in the place cited.

Lechford=Lechford, Thomas. Plain dealing; or, News from New England. London,
1642; Boston, 1867 (with introduction and notes by J. H. Trumbull); in
Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 3, vol. 111, Cambridge, 1833.

Le Jeune=Le Jeune, Pere Paul.

Relation de ce qui s’est passé en la Novvelle France en l’année 1634, ete. Paris,
1635; in Relations de Jésuites, vol. 1, Quebec, 1858; The Jesuit relations and
allied documents. . . edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites, vols. vi—viu,
Cleveland, 1897. Quoted in Gallatin, A., Synopsis of tribes, American
Antiquarian Soc. Trans. (Archzeologia Americana), vol. 11, Cambridge, 1836.

Lescarbot=Lescarbot, Mare. Histoire de la Nouvelle France, etc. Paris, 1609, 1611,
1612, 1618, 1866; London (translated by P. E[rondelle]), 1609, [1612?].

LeSueur=LeSueur, Charles Alexander. Several works on zoology.

Ley. =Leyviticus.

Lit., Litu.=Lituanian, Lithuanian.

loc. cit. Seel. c.

Long=Long, John. Voyages and travels of an Indian interpreter and trader...
To which is added a vocabulary of the Chippeway language . . A list of

words in the Iroquois, Mohegan, Shawanee, and Esquimeaux tongues, and a
table, shewing the analogy between the Algonkin and Chippeway languages.
London, 1791.

McK., McKenney =McKenney, Thomas Lorraine. Sketchesofatourtothelakes.. .
Also, a voeabulary of the Algic, or Chippeway language, formed in part, and
as far as it goes, upon the basis of one furnished by the Hon. Albert Gallat’n.
Baltimore, 1827.

Mah.=Mahicanni, Mohegan.

Maill., Maillard=Maillard, Anthony 8.

Grammar of the Mikmaque language of Nova Scotia, edited from the manuscripts
of the Abbé Maillard by the Rey. Joseph M. Bellenger. New York, 1864.

Also a number of manuscripts, preserved chiefly in the library of the Arch-
bishopric of Quebec, and several published letters containing Miemac words.

Mal. =Malachi.

Man. Pom., Manit. Pom. See EI.

Mar. Vin. Rec. =Manuscript deeds, etc., in the Indian language of Massachusetts,
formerly in possession of Reverend D. W. Stevens, Vineyard Haven, Mar-
thas Vineyard (?). Or, possibly, manuscript records of Marthas Vineyard
in the custody of the town clerk at Edgartown, Massachusetts.

Martius=Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp von. Beitrige zur ethnographie und
sprachenkunde Brasiliens. Wortersammlung brasilienischer sprachen.
Erlangen, 1863; Leipzig, 1867.

Mason=Mason, Maj. John. Brief history of the Pequot war. Boston, 1756; in
Massachusetts Historical Soe. Coll., ser. 2, vol. vim, Boston, 1819 (with an
introduction by Thomas Prince).

Mass. = Massachusetts.

Mass. Hist. Coll. See M. H. C.

Mass. Ps., Mass. Psalter. See E. M.

Mather. See C. M.

Matt.=The Gospel according to St Matthew.

Mayhew. See E. M. 2

Megapolensis=Megapolensis, Johannes. A short sketch of the Mohawk Indians in
New Netherland . . . Revised from the translation [from the Dutch, Alk-
maer [1644?], and Amsterdam, 1651 (in Hartgers, J., Beschrijvinghe van
Virginia, Nieuw Nederlandt, Nieuw Engelandt, ete.)] in [Ebenezer] Haz-

TRUMBULL] ABBREVIATIONS XXIII

Megapolensis= Megapolensis, Johannes—continued.
ard’s Historical collections [Philadelphia, 1792], with an introduction and
notes, by John Romeyn Brodhead. In New York Historical Soc. Coll., ser.
2, vol. 11, part 1, New York, 1857.

Menom.=Menomini.

Mex. =Mexican.

M. H.C., Mass. Hist. Coll. =Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Ser.
1 (1 M. H. C.), 10 vols., Boston, 1792-1809. Ser. 2 (2M. H. G.), 10 vols.,
Boston, 1814-1823. Ser. 3 (3 M. H. C.), 10 vols., Boston and Cambridge,
1825-1849. Ser. 4 (4 M. H. C.), 10 vols., Boston, 1852-1871. Ser. 5, 10
vols., Boston, 1871-1888. Ser. 6, 10 vols., Boston, 1886-1899. Ser. 7, vols.
1-111, Boston, 1900-1902.

Mic. =Micah.

Micm. =Miemac.

Mitch.=Mitchell, Samuel Latham. Several works on the fishes of New York.

mod.=modern.

Moh. = Mohegan.

Montagn. = Montagnais.

Montanus=Montanus (van Bergen or yan den Berg), Arnoldus. Description of
New Netherland. 1671. In Documentary history of the state of New York,
arranged . . . by E: B. O’Callaghan, vol. 1v, Albany, 1851 (translated from
De nieuwe en onbekende weereld; of, Beschryving van America en’t Zuid-
land, Amsterdam, 1671).

Morton, N. E. Canaan=Morton, Thomas. New English Canaan; or New Canaan, con-
taining an abstract of New England. Composed in three bookes. Amster-
dam, 1637; Boston, 1883 (Publications of Prince Society) ; in Force Tracts,
vol. 1, Washington, 1838.

MS=manuscript.

Muh. =Mubhekaneew, Mohegan.

mut. mutual.

M. V. Rec. See Mar. Vin. Rec.

n=noun.

n. agent., n. agentis=nomen agentis, noun (or name) of the agent.

Nah.=Nahum.

N. A. Review=North American review. Vols. -crxxy. Boston and New York,
1815-1902.

Narr. =Narragansett, or, in citations from Roger Williams, more properly Cowweséuck
or Cowesit.

Nash. Men. See Rawson.

Nay. Col.=Navarrete, Martin Fernandez de. Coleccion de los viages y descubri-
mientos, que hicieron por mar los Espanoles desde fines del siglo xy, ete.
5 vols. Madrid, 1825-37.

neg., negat. =negative.

Neh.=The book of Nehemiah.

N. E. Plantation. See Higginson.

Nipm. =Nipmuc.

Norwood=Norwood, Col. Richard. Voyage to Virginia, 1649. In Churchill, Awn-
sham and John, Collection of voyages and travels, London, 1732, 1744, 1746:
Force Tracts, vol. ur, Washington, 1844; The Virginia Historical Register,
yol. u, Richmond, 1849 (abridged ).

Notit Ind. See C. M.

N. T.=New Testament. See El.

Num. =Numbers.

Nuttall=Nuttall, Thomas. The North American sylva. 3 vols. Philadelphia,
1842-49.

XXIV BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULL, 25

N. Y. H. S. Coll. =Collections of the New York Historical Society. Ser. 1, 5 vols.,
New York, 1811-30. Ser. 2, 4 vols., New York, 1841-59. Publication fund
ser., 27 vols., New York, 1868-94.

Obad. =Obadiah.

obj. =object, objective.

Oggus. Kutt. See Danf.

Ojib. =Ojibwa, Chippewa.

Onond. =Onondaga.

Osunk. =Osunkhirhine (or Wzokhilain), Peter Paul.

K. A.=Wobanaki kimzowi awighigan, P. P. Wzokilhain, kizitokw [Spelling
and reading book in the Penobscot dialect of the Abnaki language, includ-
ing a number of vocabularies, Indian and English]. Boston, 1830.

Also several translations into Abnaki.

Palfrey=Palfrey, John Gorham. History of New England during the Stuart
dynasty. 5 vols. Boston and London, 1859-90.

part., particip. participle.

pass, =passive.

Peq. = Pequot.

pers. =person.

1 Pet.=The first general epistle of Peter.

2 Pet.=The second general epistle of Peter.

Phil.=The epistle of Paul to the Philippians.

Philem.=The epistle of Paul to Philemon.

Phil. Trans. See Winth.

Pickering= Pickering, John.

Introd. to El. Gr. See El.

Pier., Pierson=Pierson, Abraham. Some helps for the Indians, shewing them how
to improve their natural reason, to know the true God, and the true Christian
religion, ete. [Catechism in Quiripi]. Cambridge, 1658; Hartford, 1873
(from Connecticut Historical Soc. Coll., vol. 11; with an introduction by
James Hammond Trumbull); in Connecticut Historical Soc. Coll., vol. m1,
Hartford, 1895.

pl.=plural.

poss. = possessive.

Powh.=Powhatan.

Prayers=[Sergeant, Rev. John.] A morning prayer [and a number of other prayers,
translated into Mohegan]. [Boston? 174-2]

pres. = present.

pret. =preterit.

prog. =progressive.

proh., prohib.=prohibitory.

Proy. =Proyerbs.

Ps.=The book of psalms.

Quinney=[Quinney, John.] The Assembly’s catechism [in Mohegan]. Stock-
bridge, 1795. Contains also a translation of Dr Watts’ Shorter catechism for
children.

Quinnip. =Quinnipiac (Quiripi).

Quir. = Quiripi.

q. v.=quod vide, which see.

rad.=radical, root.

Rand=Rand, Silas Tertius.

[Vocabulary of the Micmac language.] In Schoolcraft, Indian tribes, vol v,
Philadelphia, 1855.
A first reading book in the Miemac language, etc. Halifax, 1875.

TRUMBULL] ABBREVIATIONS XXV

Rand=Rand, Silas Tertius—continued.
Also many translations into Micmac, and other works containing Micmae lin-
guistic material.
Rasles = Rasles, Sébastien. A dictionary of the Abnaki language, in North America.
With an introductory memoir and notes by John Pickering. In American
Acad. of Sciences and Arts, Memoirs, new ser., vol. 1, Cambridge, 1833;
issued separately, Cambridge, 1833.
Rawson=Rawson, Grindal.
Nash. Men.=Nashauanittue meninnunk wutch mukkiesog, wusses¢mumun

wutch sogkodtunganash naneeswe testamentsash . . . Negonde wussukht-
mun ut Englishmdnne unnontoowaonganit nashpe . . . John Cotton. Kah
yeuyeu qushkinntimun en Indiane unnontawaonganit . . . nashpe Grindal

Rawson. Translation: Spiritual milk for babes, drawn from the breasts of
both Testaments . . . Formerly written in English, by . . . John Cotton.
And now translated into Indian... by Grindal Rawson. Cambridge,
1691. Reprinted in somewhat altered form in the Indiane primer of 1720,
1747, (see HIc, I. P:):

Wun. Samp.=A confession of faith owned and consented unto by the elders
and messengers of the churches assembled at Boston in New England, May
12, 1680. Second title: Wunnamptamoe sampooaonk wussampoowontamun
nashpe moeuwehkomunganash ut New-England, ete. Boston, 1699.

See also El., Samp. Quin.

recipr. =reciprocal.

redupl. =reduplicate.

rel. =relative.

Rey. =The revelation of St John.

Rey. Ver. Revised version.

Rom.=The epistle of Paul to the Romans.

Russ. = Russian.

R. W., R. Williams=Williams, Roger. A key into the language of America; or,
An help to the language of the natives in that part of America, called New-
England. London, 16438; in Rhode Island Historical Soc. Coll., vol. 1, Proyi-
dence, 1827; issued separately, Providence, 1827; in Massachusetts Histor-
ical Soc. Coll., ser. 1, vol. 111, Boston, 1794, 1810; and in Narragansett Club
Publications, ser. 1, vol. 1, Providence, 1866 (edited by James Hammond
Trumbull). The page references herein are to the Rhode Island Historical
Society edition (1827).

1 Sam.=The first book of Samuel.

2 Sam.=The second book of Samuel.

Samp. Quin., Samp. Quinnup. See El.

Sansk. =Sanskrit.

Sax.=Saxon.

Say=Say, Thomas. Several works on American zoology.

S. B. (Chip.)=James, Edwin. Ojibue spelling book. 2 parts. Boston, 1846. Ear-
lier editions (in one volume), Utica, 1833; Boston, 1835.

S. B. (Del.). See Zeisb.

se.=scilicet, namely, to wit.

Sch., Schoolcraft=Schoolerait, Henry Rowe.

Ind. Tribes=Historical and statistical information, respecting the history, con-
dition, and prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States, etc. 6 parts.
- Philadelphia, 1851-1857; 1860; 1884 (partial reprint; 2 vols. ).
Also several other works containing Indian (chiefly Algonquian) linguistic
material.

XXVI BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 25

Shawn. =Shawnee.

sing. =singular.

Smith, Capt. J.=Smith, Captain John.

Deser. N. England, 1616=A description of New England; or, The observations
and discoveries of Captain John Smith, ete. London, 1616; Boston, 1865;
Birmingham, 1884 (in The English scholars library. Capt. John Smith...
Works. 1608-1631 . . . Edited by Edward Arber); in Massachusetts His-
torical Soe. Coll., ser. 3, vol. v1, Boston, 1837; Foree Tracts, vol. 1, Wash-
ington, 1838.

Virginia, Hist. of Va.=The generall historie of Virginia, New-England, and the
Summer isles, ete. London, 1624, 1626, 1627, 1631, 1632, 1705 (in Harris, J.,
Collection of voyages, vol. 1), 1812 (in Pinkerton, John, A general collection
of voyages and travels, vol. x11); Richmond,1819 (The trve travels ;
of Captaine John Smith, etc., vol. 1); Birmingham, 1884 (Arber edition;
see above).

1631=Advertisements for the unexperienced planters of New England, ete.
London, 1631; Boston, 1865; Birmingham, 1884 (Arber edition; see above);
in Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 3, vol. 11, Boston, 1833.

Smith, Fishes of Mass. =Smith, Jerome Van Crowninshield. Natural history of the
fishes of Massachusetts. Boston, 1833.

S. Q. See El.

St., Stiles=Stiles, Ezra.

Peq.=A vocabulary of the Pequot, obtained by President Stiles in 1762 . . . at
Groton, Conn. Manuscript in the library of Yale University. Copy in the
library of the Bureau of American Ethnology.

Narr.=A manuscript vocabulary obtained from a Narragansett Indian, Septem-
ber 6, 1769. In the library of Yale University.

Storer, Rept. on Fishes of Mass.=Storer, David Humphreys, and Peabody, William
Bourne Oliver. Report on the fishes, reptiles, and birds of Massachusetts.
Boston, 1839 (Report of Commissioners on the Zoological and Botanical Sur-
vey of the State).

Stour. Misprint. See Storer.

Strachey=Strachey, William. The historie of travaile into Virginia Britannia, ete.
London, printed for the Hakluyt Society, 1849.

subj. =subject.

suff. suffix, suffix form.

Sum.=Summerfield, John. Sketch of grammar of the Chippeway language, to
which is added a vocabulary of some of the most common words. By John
Summerfield, alias Sahgahjewagahbahweh. Cazenovia, 1834.

suppos. =suppositive.

Sw. =Swedish.

s. v.=sub voce, under the entry; also same verse.

Syriac.

t., trans. =transitive.

1 Thess. =The first epistle of Paul to the Thessalonians.

2 Thess. =The second epistle of Paul to the Thessalonians.

1 Tim. =The first epistle of Paul to Timothy.

2 Tim.=The second epistle of Paul to Timothy.

Tit. =The epistle of Paul to Titus.

Tocqueville=Toequeville, Alexis Charles Henri Clérel de. De la démocratie en
Amérique. 2y. Bruxelles, i835. Several other editions.

trans. See t.

v.=verse. See alsos. v.

v., Vb.=verb.

Syr.

TRUMBULL] ABBREVIATIONS XXVII

vbl.=verbal, verbal noun.

Vespucius= Vespucci, Amerigo (Lat. Vespucius, Americus).

Nay. Col.=Nayarrete, Martin Fernandez de, Coleccion de los viages y descubri-
mientos, que hicieron por mar los Espafioles desde fines del siglo xv. 5
vols. Madrid, 1825-37.

Vineyard Rec. See Mar. Vin. Rec.

Virg. = Virginian.

* voe. =vocabulary.

Von Martius. See Martius.

Watts’ Cat. See Quinney.

Weber=Weber, Albrecht Friedrich. Several works on East Indian language and
literature.

Webst., Webster= Webster, Noah. Dictionary of the English language. Many edi-
tions and revisions.

White=White, Andrew. A relation of the colony of the lord baron of Baltimore, in
Maryland, near Virginia; a narrative of the voyage to Maryland, by Father
Andrew White, ete. In Force Tracts, vol. 1v, Washington, 1846.

Williams. See R. W.

Wils.=Wilson, Alexander. Several works on American ornithology.

Winslow, Relation=W [inslow], E[dward]. Good neyves from New-England; or A
true relation of things very remarkable at the plantation of Plimoth, ete.
London, 1624; partly reprinted in Purchas, Samuel, His pilgrimes, vol. 1v,
London, 1625; also in Massachusetts Historical Soc. Coll., ser. 1, vol. vu,
Boston, 1802, and ser. 2, vol. rx, Boston, 1822, 1832, and in Young, A
Chronicles of the Pilgrim fathers, Boston, 1841, 1844.

Winth=Winthorp (=Winthrop) [Adam ?]. The description, culture, and use of
maiz. In Philosophical Transactions, no. 142, for December, January, and
February, 1678 [-79]. London, 1679.

Wood (N. E.)=Wood, William. Nevy Englands prospect. A true, lively, and
experimentall description of that part of America, commonly called Nevy
England, ete. London, 1634; 1635; 1639; 1764; Boston, 1865 (in Publica-
tions of Prince Society ).

Wood (L. I.), 8. Wood=Wood, Silas. A sketch of the first settlement of the several
towns on Long island, with their political condition, to the end of the Amer-
ican revolution. Brooklyn, 1824; 1826; 1828; 1865.

Wun. Samp. See Rawson.

Zech. =Zechariah.

Zeisb. =Zeisberger, David.

Gr., Gram.=A grammar of the language of the Lenni Lenape or Delaware
Indians. Translated from the German manuscript of the author by Peter
Stephen Du Ponceau. With a preface and notes by the translator. Pub-
lished by order of the American Philosopnical Society in the third volume
of the new series of their Transactions. Philadelphia, 1827; in American
Philosophical Soc. Trans., new ser., vol. 111, Philadelphia, 1830.

8. B., Spelling Book=Essay of a Delaware-Indian and English spelling-book,
for the use of the schools of Christian Indians on Muskingum river. Phila-
delphia, 1776; reprinted with additions and omissions, Philadelphia, 1806.

Voe. = Vocabularies by Zeisberger. From the collection of manuscripts presented
by Judge Lane to Harvard University. Nos. 1 and 2. Printed for the
“‘Aleove of American Native Languages’’ in Wellesley College library, by
E. N. Horsford. Cambridge, 1887.

Also several translations into Delaware, and other works containing Delaware
linguistic material.

DF)

XXVIII BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 25

Zeph. =Zephaniah.

Zig.=(Germ.) Zigeuner, Gypsy.

*In the Natick-English part this sign indicates that the words it precedes do not
belong tothe Natick dialect proper. Inthe English-Natick part it apparently
indicates that the words it precedes represent ideas foreign to the aboriginal
thought. Its use seems to haye been discontinued soon after the commence-
ment of this part of the dictionary.

INESICK- BING LIS

A

*Abbamocho. See *chepy; *Hobbamoco.
*abockquésin-ash (Narr.), n. pl. ‘the

mats of the house’ (with which the |
See |

was covered), R. W.
uppohquos.
a mouse.

wigwam
appuhquosu ;
abohquas, n.
quas.
abohquos, n. a covert;
covert from rain, Is. 4, 6.
quosu; uppohquos.
*acawmen (Narr.), on the other side of,
beyond. See ongkome.
*achmowonk, ybl. n.
caunchemokai.
adchaii, y. i. he hunts, is hunting. Vbl.n.
adchdéonk, audchdonk, haunting, what is
taken by hunting, Proy. 12, 27. N.
agent, adchaen, a hunter, Gen. 10, 9
(adchdén-in, a fowler, C.). With an.
obj. adchanaii, be hunts (him, live
game); pl. -andog, Mic. 7, 2; suppos.
achanont, when he hunts, when hunt-
ing, Ley. 17, 13; infin. achanat, to hunt,
C. From ahchu, he strives after, is dili-
gent or active to secure.

[Narr. auchaii, he is gone to hunt
or fowl; n’tauchdumen, IL go a fowling
or hunting. Cree ach, he is active,
diligent. ]

-adchaubuk, in comp. words, root, or
roots. See wadchaubuk.

adchuwompag, ‘in the morning watch’,
just before light, Ex. 14, 24; Judg. 16, 2
Suppos. of utchuwompan (it dawns,
light comes), q. v.; no pajeh utchuwom-
panit, ‘until the day dawn’, 2 Pet. 1, 19.

adt, dt, prep. in, at, to, El. Gr. 22

See mishaboh-

sokanon, a
See appuh-

news, C. See

(sometimes written ahhut): adt yait |
naiyag, upon the four corners, Ex. 38, 2; |

[ayeuonk] adt sepaginit hashab, [a place]
for spreading nets upon, Ezek. 26, 14
(ahhiut sepagenit, ibid. 47, 10).

As a prefix, adt (sometimes at, uf, or |

adt, at

continued.

‘t) isapparently related to ohiaii, he has;
ohteau (se habet), it is; ohtde, belonging
to, or possessing (a quality, attribute,
ete.). So, in the Cree, according to
Howse (Gr. 21), 00 prefixed, or, before
a vowel, oot, “

shows that the subject
or possesses (it),’’ as ‘‘assdm, a snow-
shoe; oot-assam-u, he has snowshoes.’’
[Vineyard Ree. ta, tah.]
adtahshe [ucdl-tahshe], adv. as often as,
as many as, Rev. 3, 19; attwche, Rev.
11, 6; ahhut tahshe, 2 K. 4, 8; uttache,
1 Cor. 11, 25, 26. See tohsu; uttache.
[Narr. aydtche, as often as. Cree
it-tiissu-uk, they are so many; he it-tiise-
chick, as many as they are. Del. endchi,
so much as, as many; endchen, so often
as, Zeisb. ]
adtahtou, v. t. he hides (it), Matt. 25, 18;
nut-adtahtau-un, I hide it, Ps. 119, 11;
Jer. 13, 5; imper. 2d pers. adtahtaush,
hide it, Jer. 13,4. This is a caus. inan.
form, from a primary not found in
Eliot. See *aitah (Narr. ), an apron,=
adtau, he hides. See also adtashait.

adtannegen, -nekin, y. t. (inan. subj.)
it brings forth, bears, produces (as the
earth when cultivated, plants, a culti-
yated tree, fruit, etc.). See tannegen.
The prefix adt marks appropriation, a
growing, or bringing forth, to or for an
owner.

adtannekitteau, y. i. he plants (lays the
foundation of) his house; suppos. adtan-
nekitteadt qussukquanit, when he built
(founded) his house on a rock, Matt.
7, 24; —— naguntu, —— in the sand,
y. 26. With inan. subj., adtanehteau,
uttan-, the house is planted, or founded,
vy. 25. See wekitteau.

ee)

4 BUREAU OF

adtashaii, y. t. an. he hides (himself, or

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

another), Jer. 23, 24; Luke 1, 24; wut- |
tdttash-uh, she hid them, Josh. 2, 4. See |

adtahtou.

[Cree kdht-ow, he hides it; kaht-tayoo,
he hides him. Abn. ne-kaiida&aii, ne-
kaii-8ta8aii, je le lui cache; ne-kaiid8n,
je cache cela.

adtéati, adtauaii, attdaii, v. t. he ac- |

quires possession of, makes his own;
(used by Eliot for) he buys; imperat.
adtéash, buy thou (it), Jer. 32, 7, 8;
adtéagk, buy ye, Is. 55, 1; suppos. noh
adtéadt, .. . noh maguk, he who buys,

... he who sells, Is. 24, 2; adt mish- |

éadtik, ‘of great price’, 1 Pet. 3, 4;
anoadtu rubisash, she is of price above
[is worth more than] rubies, Proy. 31,
10; vbl. n. adtédonk, purchasing, acquir-
ing, Jer. 32, 8; adj. and ady. adtéde, of
or relating to purchase, Jer. 32, 11, 12,
16. Ci. édadtuhkau, he pays (him).
[Narr. kut-tattaviam-ish atike, 1 will

buy land of you. Abn. net-ataiisé,
jachéte, je traite; net-ataiimai, j’achéte
de lui; ataséSaiigan, achat, traitement.
Cree at-dwdyoo [ahd-ahwd, Chip.], he
exchanges, barters, Howse. Chip. atd-
wenan, he sells (him), Bar.]

adtéekit, suppos. of hohtdekin (?), she is
next in growth (?) ; noh adtéekit, she who
comes next, a ‘second daughter’, Job
42,14. Cf. hohtdeu.

[Abn. 8ds*kanar, son frére cadet. ]

adtonkgs, as n. a kinsman, or kinswo-

man; pl. -sog; kadtonkgs, ‘thy cousin’,

Luke 1, 36; nu tonkgs, ‘my kinswoman’, |

Proy. 7,4; wadtunkqus-oh, ‘her cousins’,
Luke 1, 58; wadtonkqgsin, a cousin, C.
One who is akin to or in some sense
belongs to another.

tunk; togquos (a twin).

[Narr. naténcks, my cousin; watédncks, |

a (his) cousin; wat-tonksittwock (vy. mut. )
they are cousins. Abn. nnadaiig8s, pl.

5 \
-8ssak, mon cousin, seu le fils des pa-

rents de ma mére (dicit vir vel mulier) ;
nnadaigSsesesk8é [n’daiigases (dimin.)
and squa (fem.)], ma cousine, la fille
du parent de ma mére (dicit vir);
nadaig8, dit-on a la femme de son frére,
dit le pére au mari de sa fille, ete. Cree
tahkoo-mayoo, he is related to him.
Chip. nindangoshe, my mother’s broth-

Cf. adtéaii; oh-

[BULLETIN 25

adtonkqs—continued.
er’s daughter, or my father’s sister’s
daughter (dicit mulier).]
adtuhtag, suppos. when (it was) in order,
or seasonable (?); wenominneash, at
‘the time of grapes’, Num. 13, 20.
aétai, aeetaue, aeetawe, éhtai, adv. at
both sides, Ezek. 47, 7, 12; Ex. 25, 19:
seep, on both sides of the river,
Rey. 22, 2; éhtdi-kenag, sharp on both
sides, ‘two-edged’, Proy. 5, 4.
[Abn. éidasisi, ou épemaisi, au bout,
aux deux bouts de quelque chose. ]
agkemut, suppos. of ogkemaii, y. t. an. he
counts. See ogkemédnat.
agqueneunkquok, suppos. as n., like-
ness, resemblance, Deut. 4, 16, 17, 18.
See ogque; ogqueneunk.
agquit, aqut, suppos. of hogkw, he is
coyered or clothed with, he wears (as
clothing); ne agquit, ne dqut, that which
he wears, Gen. 37, 23; 1 K. 11, 30.
Adv. agwee, for wear; ‘to put on’, Gen.
28, 20. See hogko.
agushau, y. t. he goes under (it)—for
shelter or concealment is implied—
2 Sam. 18, 9; pl. dgqshaog, Job 24, 8.
Cf. ogkachin.
agwe. See agwu.
agwonk, under a tree, 1 Sam. 31, 13.
From agwu and -unk, formative. See
mehtug.
agwu, agwe, ogwu, (it is) underneath,
below, Deut. 33, 27; Josh. 15, 19; Ex.
20,4. The contracted form of ohkeiyeu,
earthward (El. Gr. 21); ohkeieu, C.
[Del. equiwi, Zeisb.]
ahdmaquésuiik (?), ahamogg (suppos.
as n.), a needle, Mark 10, 25; Luke 18.
25; ohhomaquesuuk, C. Adj. and ady,
-ogquesie, made by the needle, of
needlework, Judg. 15, 10. Cf. adhkeomo.
[Abn. tsamaks, aiguille pour faire des
nattes ou des raquettes;
aiguille frangoise. ]
ahanehtam, v. t. he laughs at (it). See
hahanehtam.
ahdnu, y.i. he laughs. See hahdnu.
ahadsukqueu. See hdsekdeu.
*Phawewut (Peq.), a bear, Stiles.
ahcheu.
ahchewontam, vy. t. he is very desirous
of (it), covets (it); ahkcheu-antam, he is
earnest-minded; imper. 2d pl. ahche-

tsankkaiidi,

See ahchu.

TRUMBULL]

ahchewontam—continued.
wontamak, covet ye (the best gifts),
1 Cor. 12, 31; imperat. of prohibition,
ahchewontukon, thou shalt not covet, or
‘desire’ it, Deut. 5, 21; suppos. ahche-
wontog, he who is covetous; pl. -gig, the
covetous, Luke 16,4. Vbl.n.
donk, coyeting, covetousness, Hab. 2, 9
(ahhahchuwonk, Man. Pom. 86). Cot-
ton has nut-ahchuueehteom (?), 1 pro-
cure; nuttahchuehteo, I get (?).

ahchu, ahcheu, y. i. he is diligent,
makes effort, exerts himself (cf. ad-
chaii, he hunts). Used by Eliot only
as an adverb, in the sense of diligently,
earnestly, exceedingly, very much, ete. :
ahchu anakausuog, they ‘had a mind to
work’ (worked ‘with a will’), Neh. 4, 6;
ahchue taphekon (prohib. ), ‘labor not to
comfort me’, Is. 22, 4; ahche mishe kut-
onkquatunk, ‘thy exceeding great re-
ward’, Gen. 15, 1; ahehtie pannup-
wushau S—, ‘he must needs go through
S—’, Mass. Ps. This verb may be
regarded as, in some sort, an intensive
of ussu, usseii, Which expresses animate
action, he moves, he does (Lat. agit),
while adehaii denotes action for a pur-
pose or directed toward an end.

[Cree ‘‘ache-oo (ch=tch) or age-oo
(g=dg), he moves (quasi, Lat. age-
re)’’, Howse, 156. Chip. aunj-eh. Abn.
ahantsi, de plus en plus; negai-
mih&si, surpasse-toi de plus en plus.
Del. ahchwé (when prefixed), very,
Hkw.; achowat, hard, painful, Zeisb.]

ahchunk (?), n. a corpse, the dead body
of aman, Num. 19, 11, 16.

*ahchusittam, (Mass. Ps.) he ‘inclines
his ear’ to (it); he gives attention; nut-
tahchusittam, I incline my ear to it, Ps.
49,4 [=nuk-kodnwtam, El.]; imperat.
2d sing. ahchusutash, Ps. 45, 10 [=kuk-
keitash, El.; see kukkehtaii].

ahenit, suppos. of hennaii, q. v.

ahhaohémomonk.

ahhut. See ad.
ahkehteaunat. See ohkehteaunit.

*ahketeamuk, an herb, C. (that whichis
planted). See ohkehteaundt.

-ahkon, -uhkon, -ogkon, the character-
istic (suffix) of the imperative of pro-
hibition, 2d sing. Its force is equiva-
lent to that of ahque prefixed: ontah-

tam-

See auwohhémmonk.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 5

-ahkon, -uhkon, ogkon—continued.
dhkon, do not remove it, Proy. 23, 10;
kummat-tihkon, do not steal, steal not,
Ex. 20, 15.

ahkuhk.

ahpappin.

ahpéh.
ahpoteau, uppoteay, y. i. it withers,
Ps. 90, 6; Is. 40, 7, 8; i. e. becomes
dry, dries up: mussapohteau, (wunnin-
abpehtau-un, he maketh (it) dry, Hag.
1, 4. From appwau, ohteau, it is dried
by heat, parched.
sendt; nunnobohteateou.

See ohkuk, an (earthen) pot.
See appappin.
See appéh, a trap.

Cf. nundpi; nunas-

See apwou.

[ahquantam, ] ahquoantam, ahquon-
tam, y. t. he forgives (it), pardons
[ahque-antam, refrains from thinking
of], 2 Chr. 7, 14; imperat. 2d sing. ah-
quoantash, forgive thou (it), 1 Sam. 25,
28; tamaiinnean, forgive thou to
us (our sins), Matt. 6, 12. With an.
2d obj., tamauau, he forgives (it)
to (him); act. intrans. ahquoantausu,
he exercises forgiveness, pardons, for-
gives. Vbl. n. austionk, the ex-
ercise of forgiveness, Ps. 130, 4; ——
taméonk, a forgiving, forgiveness (e. g.
of sins, Col. 1, 14).

ahquanumau, ohquan-, y. t. an. he
forsakes, abandons (keeps away from,
ahque) him; pl. -mdog, they forsake
(him), Judg. 2, 13; suppos. -még, if
ye forsake, Josh. 24, 20. Cf. tihquan-
umau (intens.), he abhors, forsakes or
abandons with abhorrence.

Cf. mehquantam.

ahque, y. i. he leaves off, desists, re-
frains: keketohkauont, he left off
(when) talking with him, Gen. 17, 22;
malta ahque womonunk, he leaves not off
his kindness, Ruth 2, 20. More com-
monly used as a negative-imperative
or prohibitive particle—answering to
Greek on; Fr. ne pas: uhque wabesish,
‘fear not’, do not fear, Gen. 15, 1;
natwontamok, take ye not thought, leave
off thinking, Matt. 10, 19; hettash,
do not call (it), Acts 10, 15; tape-
nuk, ‘when she could not longer’, ete.
(when she left off being able), Ex. 2, 3.
Sometimes it receives the regular verbal
inflections: ahqueh, have thou patience
with me, refrain thou to me, Matt. 18,
26 [=ahkumeh, vy. 29, a more question-

6 BUREAU
ahque—continued.
able form]; ahghuk [ahque-wk], refrain
ye, Proy. 17, 14. Cf. whqude; uhque.
[Narr. aquie, leave off, do not; aquie
assokish, be not foolish, R. W. 39, 41.
Quir. matia eakquino, it ceaseth not,
Pier. 15,40. Cree ‘‘eq’a [=ithka], sub-
ordin. neg. not; used with subj. and
imperative”; ‘‘ak-, or awk’-, and dkoo-,
privative and intensive”’ prefixes. Abn.
EkSi, cessationem significat; ned-C kSip-

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

pi, je cesse de manger; @kSihaia, de- |

meure en repos (dit-on a celui qui se
fache, badine, ete. ).]

ahquedne, as n. an island; kishke ah-
quedn-et, near an island, Acts 27, 16; pl.
-nash (ogquidnash, Is. 40, 15).

[Howse (Cree Gr. 152) gives a ‘‘verb
expressive of a state of rest’’: ‘ a/koo-su,
he sits (a bird, ina tree) ; a’koo-moo, he
suspends, sits (e. g., a duck in the
water); @’koo-tin, inan. subj. itsuspends,
is situate, e. g.,an island in the water.”’
Miem. agwitk, it is in the water; Ep-
agwit, it lies in the water (name of
Prince Edward island), Dawson’s Aca-
dian Geology, app., p. 673. ]

ahquéhteau, quehteay, v. t. (caus. ) he
refrains from (it), leaves it off; imper.
2d. pl. ahqueted@k ussenat, refrain from
doing, ‘take heed that ye do not’,
Matt. 6, 1. With the characteristic of
forcible or disastrous action, ahqshau,
he is compelled to refrain, unwillingly
refrains, or the like, Is. 33, 8.
(Narr. aquétuck, ‘let us cease’ (fight-
ing); but the verb is imperat. 2d pl.]
ahquekin, y. i. inan. subj., it ceases to
bear, or produce, becomes barren, Ps.
107, 34. From ahque, with the forma-
tive of verbs of inan. growth, -ekin.

[ahquene.] See *aquene, peace; a truce.

ahquiyeuhtedii, y. i. he refrains from
fighting, Jer. 51, 30. From ahque and
ayeuhteau.

ahqunon, y. imp. it ceases to rain, holds
up, Cant. 2,11. From ahque, privative,
with -’non, the formative of verbs of
raining (falling water). See sokanon.

[Abn. é‘k8ranii, (la pluie) cesse. ]

ahquoantam. See ahquantam.

ahquompi, vy. imp.; asn. atime, aseason;

Ezek. 16, 8; Dan. 7, 12; 8, 17; suppos.
and indef. ahquompak, when it is the

' ahtou, ahtoou.

|

[BULLETIN 25

ahquompi—continued.
time, at the time when; ne aquompak,
at that time, Josh. 11,10. In his Gram-
mar (p. 21), Eliot classes ““ahquompak,
when”’, with ‘‘adverbsoftime’’. With
verb time is,
there is a time, Eccles. 3, 2, et seq.

subst. ahquompiyeum,
(oggosohquompi, a little time; kesuk-
kdttae ahquompi, daytime, C. )

ahquontam.

ahtauunat. See olitauundt.

*ahteah (Peq. ), a dog, Stiles.

ahteitik. See ohteak,a (cultivated) field.

ahtinosuk, when she ‘fluttereth over’
(her young), Deut. 32, 11.

v4,
See ohtomp, a bow.

See whquantam.

See anim.

ahtomp.
ahtoonk.

ahtotapagodtut, ‘beside the still wa-
ters’, Ps. 23, 2

20, 2.

See ohtedonk, a possession.

See ohtauundt.

ahtuk, n. a deer; pl. ahtuhquog, El. Gr. 9;
adtunkquog, 1 WW. 4, 23 (attitk, C.; ottucke,
Wood). This name is used by Eliot
for ‘roe’, ‘roe-buck’, and in one place
for ‘hart’, as well as for ‘deer’, generic.
Elsewhere he has nukkonahtuk (old
deer) for ‘hart’ (Deut. 12, 15); and
more often, aiyomp or eiyomp (Ps. 42,1;
Cant. 2,17), also transl. ‘roe’ (Prov. 5,
19; 6,5; Cant. 8, 14). Of the several
names applied by Eliot to deer-kind:

ahtuk, in New England, appears to
have been the common name of the
fallow deer, Cervus virginianus. Narr.
attuck and néonatch.

Peg. noughitch,
nogh-ich, deer; waughtiggachy, ‘deer,
i. e., wet-nose’; cunggachie inaukijase,
a great deer (Abn.
‘maurouse’ of Josselyn); mausshakeet

manrss, ‘cert’;

maukkyhazse ‘the biggest deer’ (moose?) ,
Stiles MS. Etch. adook. Del. achtiich.
Abn. norké, chevreuil. Old Alg. awas-
kesh, Lah. Chip. wawashkeshi, wawwaww-
shesh, red deer; atik, reindeer, Cervus
sylvestris. [See what Schoolcraft (Ind.
Tribes, m1, 520) says of the tradition
that at the first deers were the hunters
of men, and his statement that the
mythie ‘“Adik was a famous hunter of
the North’’, ete. Look for the possible
relation of Mass. adchaii, ‘he hunts’,
ahchu, ‘he strives after’, ete., and ahtuk
(attuck), ‘deer’.]

TRUMBULL]

ahtuk—continued.
aiyomp, ayimp, eiyomp, ‘hart’, ‘roe’,
is Abn. aiaiibe, the male of deer or
deerkind, abuck. Narr. kuttiomp [keht-
eiyomp], ‘a great buck’; and so, pau-
cottduwan, -taiwat, a buck. Del. ayapeii,
Zeish. East. Chip. ayarbey awaskesh,
male deer, Long.
eiyompdemése, pl. -sog, ‘young hart’,
Cant. 8, 14; ‘young roes’, Cant. 4, 5;
dimin. of eiyomp.
qunnegk, pl. -gquaog, -quéog, ‘hind’,
Gen. 49, 21; Cant. 2, 7;a doe, the female
deer. Narr. aundn, qunneke (the former
term corresponding to Abn. hé‘rar, fe-
male of deer-kind); qunnequdwése, a
young doe.
moosoog, ‘tallow deer’. See mos.
ahttishkouwaii, pl. ‘nobles’,
principal men, Num. 21, 18.
[Narr. ataviskawduog, -kowaig, rulers,
lords, R. W. 120, 133.]
dhunou. fee hennaii.
*aiannaii, y. t. an. he imitates (him);
nuttianndu, I imitate, C. See 6d6ntéh-
konauonat; unner.

-Wwaog,

*aianne, C. See eiydne.

*aiontogkomp, n. a knave, C.

aippanehteau, v. caus. he maketh
calm (mishittashineith, the storm), Ps.
107, 29. See auwépin.

ait, suppos. of ayeu, q. Y-

diuhkdéntowdonk. See auwakontowdonk.

aiuskoiantam, y. i. he repents, is sorry;
nut-aiuskoiantam, I repent, Jer. 18, 10;
imperat. 2d sing. aiuskoiantamash, re-
pent thou, be sorry for, Acts 8, 22.

aiyomp, a buck. See ahtuk.

*akésu-og (Narr.), they are counting.
See ogketamiindat.

akodchu, y. i. he is ashamed; nut-akodj
(nut-dgkodch, C.), 1am ashamed, Luke
16, 3; matta akodchuog, they were not
ashamed, Gen. 2, 25 (nut-dgkodchehik-
qun, it ashameth me, C.). Vbl. n.
-chuonk, shame, Proy. 18, 13 (ogkodchu-
onk, C.). Caus. an. akodchehheau, he
shames (him), makes him ashamed;
kut-a-kodchehhéoog, thou puttest them to
shame, Ps. 44, 7. Imperat. 2d-+3d
pers. ahque akodjheh, put me not to
shame, Ps. 119, 31-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

| amdeii, amdei, y.

K

i. he departs, goes
away, withdraws himself, Job 27, 21;
Gal. 2, 12 (without reference to the
mode or to the act of going, but simply
to the separation or removal of one per-
son or thing from another); imperat.
2d pers. sing. amaish, depart, go away;
suppos. amait, amaiit, when he went
away; with an. obj. amdeiiaii, he goes
away from him; amaewoh, aimayeoh,
he went away from him, Judg. 6, 21(?),
more commonly, amaehtauau, he de-
parts or goes away from (him), 1 Sam.
16, 14; imperat. 2d + Ist sing. amaéih-
tah, depart thou from me, Luke 5, 8;
suppos. part. amehtauont, when he de-
parts, when departing, from (him), Jer.
lato:

-Amag, -Amaug, pl. dmagquog, n. gen.
for ‘fish taken by the hook.’ See
*aumatii.

[amakompau, y. i. he stands away;]
imperat. -pauish, stand thou away, C.

amaohkauau, v. t. an. he drives (him)

away; pl. -kaudoa, they drive away,
Job 24, 3.

-Amaug. See -dmag.

amaunum, y.t. he takes (it) away, Job
20, 19; Judg. 8, 21; imperat. amaunsh,
take thou (it) away, Prov. 25,4. From
amédeii, with characteristic (-nwm) of
action by the hand. Cf. *aumati.

(Narr. amaunsh, take it away. ]
amaushau, v. i. he departs secretly or
with evil purpose, or the like; he ‘slips
away’, 1 Sam. 19, 10. From amdeii,
with sh of derogation.

amayeuonk [=amaeiionk], vbl. n. de-
parture, going away, 2 Tim. 4, 6.

*amisque [=«misqg], Muh. a_ beaver,
Edw. Cf. tummunk, aname which was
applied properly only to the living
adult animal. (Abn. tema'k8é, castor
vivant.) Amisk, a generic name for
beaver-kind, has been retained in the
principal Algonquian dialects: Abn.
pep8&n-emesks, winter
beaver, summer beaver; kemésk8, great
beaver, or beaver skin; atsimeskS (or
naiib-émesk8), male, n&sémesk8 (or sk-
émesk8), female beaver.
Chip. amik. Shawn. amexhwah. Miami
mahkwaw. Del. (Minsi) amochk, Zeisb.

nipen-emesks,

Cree umisk.

8

*ammiat, perhaps, it may be, C.

amomau, v. t. an. he warns (him); gives
(him) warning; pl. -dog, Ps. 19, 11;
kut-ammémoh, thou warnest him, Ezek.
5, 18; wut-amémuh, he warned him,
Acts 10, 22; suppos. amdmont, if he
warn, Ezek. 33,3. Vbl.n. (pass. ) amén-
tuonk, warning, Ezek. 33, 45.

*a’mucksh (Peq.), .n. a weasel, Stiles.
See *musquash.

anakausu, y. i. he works, he labors,
Prov. 31, 13; nut-anakous, I labor, John
5, 17; suppos. noh anakausit, he who
works, Eccl. 3, 9. N. agent. -suen, a
worker, Is. 40, 19; pl. -enwog, Is. 44, 11.
Vbl. n. -suonk, laboring; work, labor,
Heelan Ossie

[Narr. anakdusu,

‘a laborer’, pl.

(suppos.) -sichik. Atbn. ned-arokké, je |

travaille; ned-arokkéh&si, je travaille
pour moi. Chip. anoki, Bar.; annokee,
Sch. ]

*anamakéesuck (Narr.), this day, to-
day [=yeu kesukod, El.]; anamandu-
kock, tonight, R. W.

[Abn. érme-kizegak, pendant le jour;
(aiiremi, sign. la continuation d’une
action; éremi, qui va laissant, coulant).
Del. eligischquik, today; elemi-siquonk,
this spring; elemi-nipunk, this summer,
Zeisb. ]

andntam, undntam, y. i. he thinks,
purposes, wills; is mind-ed, Luke 12,
17; Acts 19, 21; ne anantamup (pret.),
that which I thought, Is. 14, 24; sup-
pos. ne anontog, what he may think, or
will; ‘according to his will’, Dan. 4, 35
(unantog, ‘if he permit’, Heb. 6, 3).
With an. obj. ananumaii, he wills to
(him), he permits (him); suppos. wn-
nanumit, if he permit (me), 1 Cor. 16, 7.
Vbl. n. anantammonk, thought, pur-
pose, opinion, will; ananumaonk, per-
mission, will or thought (in relation
to an an. obj.), Job 12,5. Adj. and

ady. anantamwe, anantamae, willing-ly, —

Judg. 5, 2.

This is the intens. or augment. form
of ‘the primary verb antam, he is
mind-ed, has in mind (with an an.
obj. anumaii), which is not, perhaps,
found separately in Eliot, but is the
base of all verbs of mental action and
of emotion. Maillard (Micmac Gr. 91)

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

andntam, undntam—continued.
distinguishes this class of verbs as
“personnels mentaux: ces verbes de-
signent les différentes modifications de
Vesprit, de la pensée, ou de l’Ame.”’

{Narr. nt-edntam or nt-unndntam, I
think; nt-eatém-mowonck, my thought
oropinion, Abn. ned-erérdam, je pense.
Chip. inendam, he thinks; kashk-endam,
-he is sad, ete., Bar.; nind-endindum, I
think, J. Cree itéthetum, he thinks (it);
itéthe-mayoo, he so thinks (him); métho-
éthetum, he well thinks, approyes, ete.
Del. elendam, ‘indicates a disposition of
the mind’; niw-elendam, I am_ sad,
Zeisb. |

anaquabit, as a prep., before, in the
presence of (him), Ex. 8, 20; 9, 13;
Luke 21, 36. Thisisa verb in the sup-
positive (its regular indicat. pres. would
be anaquappu), and varies in number
and person with its subject, which is
the object of the preposition by which
we must translate the verb:

nun-neepoh anaquab-ean (2d sing. ), I
stand before thee, Ex. 17, 6; ana-
quab-it (3d sing. ), —— before him; ——
anaquab-eédg (2d pl.), before you;

anaquab-hettit (3d pl.), —— before
them, Deut. 9, 2; neepaw anaquabeh
(Ist sing.), he stands before me, Ps.
139, 5.

In some dialects this prepositive verb
is further varied with the position or
attitude of its subject—before him when
sitting, when standing, when lying
down, ete. (see Baraga, Otchipwe Gr.,
469); but if such distinction was made
in the Massachusetts language it es-
caped Eliot’s observation.

anaquappu is formed of appu (he
remains, he is) and onkouve (beyond, in
advance of) or some nearly related
word.

With inan. subj. anaquohtag (sup-
pos. of anaquohteau), before it, Ex.
19, 2; Judg. 20, 28; anaquohtag wek, be-
fore his house, C. Cf. Quir. arquabi,
Pier.

anaquesuonk, 6noq-, ybl. n. a joining,
a joint, Eph. 4, 16; pl. -ongash, Cant. 7, 1.
anaqushaii, y. i. he trades, traflics;
imperat. anaqushunk, trade ye, Gen.
34, 10; 3d pl. ana-qushdhettich, let them

TRUMBULL]

anaqushaii—continued.
trade, y. 21 (unkesheto, will you truck?
Wood). N. agentis anaqushaen; pl.
-énuog, traders, 1 K. 10, 14.

[Narr. anaqushatiog (they trade),
‘traders’; mouanaqushaiiog or mouna-
qushdnchick, ‘chapmen’;
let us trade, R. W.] :

anaskham, y. i. he digs, hoes, breaks
the earth, Luke 16, 3 (-hamun, as infin-
itive).

[Narr. anaskhémmin, to hoe, or break
up; pl. anashk-hémwog, they hoe. Abn.
Sdererkéhemen, il le béche. ]

*andskig (Narr.), n. (a digging instru-
ment, ) a hoe, pl. -ganash, R. W.

[Abn. arakéhigan. ]}
*anduchemineash (Narr. ),n. pl. acorns,
R. W.; annachim, nut, pl. -minash, C.

(Del. wunachquim, Hkw. Abn. anes-
kemen, pl. -nar, glands; anaskamesi,
chéne qui porte des glands. ]

-ane, of the kind of, ete. See wnne.

anéa, ady. further, Luke 24, 28 [=ong-
koue (?)]. Cf. @nue, more than.

[Narr. enéick, further; n’neickomdsu,
a little further. ]

*anéqus (Narr. ),n. the ground or striped
squirrel, or chipmunk (Tamias lysteri).
Cf. annuneks (ant).

[Abn. anikasess.
keseson, il est léger. ]

anetiham, y. i. he has advantage, gains
[goes beyond, aneu-am]. With inan.
obj. hamaiiaii, he profits or is prof-
ited by (it); toh unne aneuhamaii-un
wosketomp, what is a man profited, ete.,
Matt. 16, 26; suppos. (t. inan.) aneu-
hamauadt, if he gain (it), ibid.; suppos.
pass. or inan, subj. aneu-hamuk, what
is gained; pl. yeuus aneuhamug-ish,
these things are gained, Phil. 3, 7; nut-
tantiwun, I overcome or conquer, C.
Ybl. n. aneu-maudonk, gain, advantage,
profit; and pass. aneu-mdadtuonk, 1
Tim. 6, 6.

aneupde.

anin, anun, y. i. (1) it exceeds, goes be-
yond, ismore than. (2) itrots, corrupts.
From dnue, more, beyond, with the
formative of verbs of growth: it goes be-
yond, exceeds (the good or normal);
with an. subj. aninnu, anunno, he rots
(‘stinketh’, John 11, 39), pl. aninwog,

ies
anaqushénto,

Cf. Abn. naiinaii-

See dnupde.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

anin, anun—continued.

‘they are corrupt’, Ps. 14, 1; Is. 50,
2; wuskannem anit ut agwe puhquohkit,
‘the seed is rotten under the clods’, Joel
1, 17; suppos. inan. ne aneiik, ‘a cor-
rupt thing’, Mal. 1, 14; ‘rottenness’,
Proy. 12, 4; suppos. an. noh anit, he
who is rotten or is corrupt; corrupted
or putrefied flesh or an. being (some-
times used by Eliot for aneiik, after an
inan. substantive, as Proy. 10,7). Vbl.
n. annaonk, decay, rottenness, Proy. 14,
30; annunwonk, rottenness (of flesh,
or an. obj.), putrefaction, Ley. 22, 25;
Job 17, 14; suppos. pass. (inan. subj.)
anunnamuk, when it is rotted, rotten-
ness, Hos. 5, 12.

The primary signification, it will be
observed, is to exceed, to pass beyond;
hence noh anit, he who exceeds or goes
beyond (the natural, the common, or
the normal) designates any an. being
of supernatural, uncommon, or abnor-
mal qualities or powers; and with the
indef. prefix instead of the demonstra-
tive, m’anit (somebody or something
that exceeds), became the name of
supernatural being or agency, which is
usually translated ‘God’.

[Del. alett, rotten, Zeisb. ]

[Nore —It was the intention of the com-
piler to rewrite the foregoing definition. ]

aninnuhko, it is a help or support
(-uhk marking continuance or perma-
nence); as n. a support, ‘a stay’, 1 K.
10, 19.

aninnum, y. t. he gives (with the hand),
he hands (it), presents (it). From
anniimait (q. v.), with the characteristic
(num) of action of the hand. Imperat.
2d pl. aninnum@k metsuonk, give ye
(them) food, Matt. 14, 16. With an.
2d obj. aninnumau, he gives (it) to
(him); imperat. 2d--1st sing. anin-
numeh, give thou (it) to me, Matt. 14, 8
(aninnumeh, help thou me, Ps. 22, 19;
38, 22; ken ununtimah, give thou me, C.);
aninnumaii, he gives (him) assistance,
helps (him); -maiiaii mittamwossissoh,
he helped the woman, Rey. 12, 16;
kut-aninum-oiish, I help thee, Is. 41, 10.
See annimait.

[Narr. kut-dnnum-mi, will you help
me?; aninema, help me. ]

10 BUREAU

*anishamog, n. codfish,C. See* pauga-
nat.

anisheau. See dnussehheav.

-anit, in compos. for manit, manitto, q. Vv.
anitchewan, anutchuan [«anue-utchu-
an], Y. i. it overflows, flows abundantly,
Ps. 78, 16, 20.
wan.
anittue, adj. corrupted; pl. -tash, Ps.
38, 5; Prov. 25, 26. See dnin.
*anna, n.ashell, C.;shell-fish. See hogki.
(Narr. (pl.) andwsuck, shells. Abn.
és, pl. éssak, coquilles; ne-manésé, j’a-

See dnupde; Gnuwutchu-

masse coquillage pour manger. |
¥*annachim, n. a nut, C.; an acorn.
*andauchemineash,; min.
anneganuhtuk, n. a fish spear, Job 41, 7.
annimmungquot, n. a stench, Is. 5, 24;
bad smell (smell of corruption or
putridity, anni-+ mungquot, the forma-
tive of verbals of smelling, or emitting
odor).
annin.
anninnoonk, annun-, ybl. n.
tion, Job 17, 14; Lev. 22, 25.
annoke.
annoésu, annoosu, y. i. he hopes,
trusts, is hopeful, 1 Cor. 18, 7 (noh
annodsu, C.); nut-annoiis, L hope, 2 Cor.

See

See anniin.
corrup-

See andhke.

1, 13; suppos. annéosit, when, or if, he
hopes. Vbl. n. annddsuonk (annoaus-,
annodus-, ete.), hoping; hope, expecta-
tion of good, Rom. 8, 24; Ps. 62, 5.
anno, unnaii, vy. t. an. he says to, tells
(him). and ef. nadnat.
Pret. anwop, anmwop, he said to him,
he told him; ne dnun, what is com-
manded (said), Ex. 34, 11; suppos. nol

says to, “com-

See winait

anont, he who tells or
mands’, or directs; toh anont, what he
commands (may command), ‘his com-
mandment’, Proy. 8, 29.. With inan.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|

obj. anniimaii (q. v.), he gives (com- |

mand) to, commands (it) to (him).
In the verse last cited three forms of
the primary verb occur in the suppos-
itive: antimmaont, when he gave (his
decree) to; toh anont, ‘his command-
ment’, i, e. his commanding, word-
giving; dnwwodt, ‘when he appoints’,
commands (it).

Eliot’s use of the several forms and
derivatives of this yerb does not enable
us to distinguish them accurately. The

| annmosu.

[BULLETIN 25

anno, unnaii—continued.
primary signification of the root is, per-
haps, to send (cf. annawtam, annonaii) ;
to commission, to direct, to tell.

(Cf. Abn. ned-a'rai, j'ai coutume de
lui dire; ar8s, fléche [i. e. a missile].
Del. allumsi, go along; alluns, arrow,
bullet; allummahen, to throw; ptuk-
aluns [round missile], bullet, Zeisb. ]

annonaii, y. t. an. (1) he commands,
directs (him); nuwt-anna@n, I command
or tell (them), 1 K. 17, 4; suppos. ne an-
nonog, that which I command you,
Deut. 4,2. (2) he hires, employs (him);
nut-annan-uk, he hires me, Judg. 18, 4;
suppos. noh annanont, he who hires,
Matt. 20,1; suppos. pass. anneanit, when
he is hired, Neh. 6, 13. (3) he sends
(him), Ex. 24, 5; niut-annon, I send,
Matt. 11, 10; imperat. 2d + 1st pers.
send thou to me, Is. 6, 8. N. agent.

annowden, one who serves for hire, Ex.

12,45; one sent, a messenger, Proy. 17,

11; an@nnuwaen, a commander, Is. 55, 4.
[Narr. anéce (=annds), hire him;

kut-annonsh, I hire you. ]

See anndosu.

annotag (?), suppos. inan. (that which)
is ripe, or seasonable, Hos. 9, 10; Jer.
24,2. Cf. adtuhtag; kesanohteau.

annotam, y. t. inan. he sends (it), Lam.
1, 13; imper. 2d pl. -tamak, -teamok,
send you, 2 Sam. 17,16. Vhbl. n. -team-
monk, a sending, a command, 2 John 4.

annumaii, y. t. an. (1) he gives word to,
commands him): anakauswonk ne ani-
mauont, the task which he (suppos.)
giveth (to them) to do, Eccles. 3, 10;
animaont, when he gives (to the sea)
his decree, Proy. 8, 29. Ck

(2) he helps, assists (him):
wut-annima-oh, he helped them, Acts
18, 27; kut-annum-unkqun, he helps us,
1 Sam. 7, 12.

anntin, annin, y. t. he lays hold of,
puts hands on, seizes; with an. obj.
annu (?). In either form the verb sig-
nifies to take hold of an an. object; in
the inan. form, to seize (him) by a part,
a limb, the dress, ete. (inan. obj.): wu-
tannuh wun-nutchegan-it, he took her by
the hand, Mark 1, 31; kut-anneh, thou

Bo

73,

See anno.

aninnum.

holdest me up, Ps. 23; wut-annun

wusseet-ut, she caught him by the feet,

TRUMBULL]

anntn, annin—continued.
2K. 4,27; imperat. anin wussukqun-at,
take (him) by the tail, Ex. 4, 4; suppos.
noh antim-woh anunont wehtauog-ut, he
whoa dog takes by his ears, Proy. 26, 17.
annuneks, n. an ant, pl. -sog, Prov. 6, 7;
30, 25. Cf. *anéqus (Abn. anikosess),
chipmunk.
[Del. e li cus, pismire, ant, Zeisb.
Mod. Abn. al-ikws, pismire. ]
annunnoonk.
*amnuonk, vbl. n. sneezing, C. C
nanagkoonk, ‘snorting’, C.

See anninnaonk.
4*

anogku, y. i. he paints (beautifies?) him- |

self, 2K. 9, 30; kut-dnogkem, thou paintest
thyself, Ezek. 23, 40 (nut-annogkinum, 1
paint,C). (Vb. adj. an. anogkesu, anog-
quesu, he is painted, appears fine. )
(Narr. (vy. adj. an.) aunakésu, he is
painted; pl. they are
painted. Abn. eraghinaiiss, il le faut
matacher, peinturer, ete.; ned-éraghi, je
me matache; érag8, il se matache. ]
anégqs, n. an. a star; pl. anoggsog, El.
Gr. 9; 1 Cor. 15, 41; Job 22, 12; mis-
hdanogkus [mishe anoggs, great star], the
morning or day star, 2 Pet. 1,19. For
anégqussu, he appears, shows himself.
In distinction from the sun, which rises
or comes forth (paspishau) and’ sets
(goes away, wayau), the stars appear
in their places when the absence of the
sun and moon makes them visible.

aunakésuck,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

(Narr. andckqus, pl. andécksuck; mis- |

hdnnock, morning star. Chip. andng,
Bar.; (St Mary’s) an-dong. Del. ardnck
(Camp. ); alank (Zeisb.). Modern Abn.
al-akws, K. A.J

anohke, annoke, n. ordure, dung, Job
20, 7; Zeph. 1, 17 (annohke, C.)

[Abn. arikkaii, dune odeur forte,

comme de pourri.

anome, (it is) within, it is inside of, Neh.
6, 10; Ps. 122, 2: en anédme, in the in-
nermost parts of, Proy. 26, 22,
anomut, Proy. 18, 8; suppos.
locat.?) anomut, when it is within or
inside; ‘ady. of place’, within, El. Gr.
21 (unnommiyeu, adj. (2) within, C.);
wutt innom hog, the inwards, entrails
(within his body), Ley. 1,9. In other
dialects the primary meaning of anéme
is ‘below’, ‘under’.

[Abn. araiimek, dessous; araiima’ ks¢-

=—en

11

anoéme—continued.
mek, sous Varbre. Chip. andmaii or
andm, under, underneath, below, Bar.
460 ( pindjaii, pind’, in, within, inside
of). Del. allami, -iyey, therein, in there,
Zeisb. Gr. 175. ]

anohom, vy. t. he sings (a song); imperat.
2d pl. anwmhoma@k . . . anwhomdonk,
sing ye a song, Ps. 149, 1. With an.
2d obj. -homaii, he sings to (him); sup-
pos. -homont, when he sings, he singing,
Proy. 25, 20. (Cf. From
ana@ (anno), hetells, and wm, he goes on
telling, he narrates.

an@hque, a defective or unipersonal
verb used as an adverb or auxiliary,
does not admit of exact translation. It
signifies, primarily, to correspond with,
to be like in form, degree, extent, dura-
tion, ete. (ef. ne-ane, to be like in kind,
of the same kind.) As an ady. it is
variously translated ‘as much as’, ‘as
far as’, ‘as large as’, ‘in like manner’,
ete.: . ne -noohque, as
much as, . . . so much, Rey. 18, 7;
noh ne anoohque ussit, he who so does
(‘hath so done this deed’, 1 Cor. 5, 3);

ne anoohque kishkag, the
length of it corresponds with the
breadth, 2 Chr. 3, 8; suppos. inan. ne
anukkenuk, pasuk ne anukkenuk, ‘ot one
size’, one in extent, 1 K. 6, 25. See
nogque.

[Narr. tow aniickquaque, how big?; yd
entickquaque, so far; dim. yo anuckqua-
quése, so little way (hence) ; touniickqua-
que, how far? Abn. énagisi, ‘avec res-
semblance d’une chose a une autre’. ]

anotaii (?), v. i. he revengeth himself,
takes revenge, Nah. 1, 2; with an.
obj. -taiiaii, he takes revenge on (him),
ibid. Vbl. n. anwtdonk, revenge, 2 Cor.
Tuli

ketahomom.

ne anoohque .

nesahteagk

_ anotauwanshteunk, suppos. of -shuvh-

(or |

teau, when he takes revenge (by blood) ;
an avenger of blood, Num. 35, 19, 21, 24.

anotauwanshuhtéaen-in, n. agent. an
avenger, he who revenges (by blood);
anotodn-, Rom. 13, 4.

-antam, the characteristic and forma-
tive of verbs expressing mental states
and activities. See andntam. [In the
Delaware, -elendam, in verbs which
“express a disposition, situation, or
operation of the mind”’, Zeisb. Gr. 89.]

12 BUREAU

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

antoshau, y. i. he falls backward, vio- |

lently or by mischance; pl. -aog, Is.

13!

oy

See ontanu.

antichuwan. See anitchewan, it over-
flows.
anue, (it exceeds, surpasses) as ady.

‘more, rather’, El. Gr. 21; the sign of
the comparative degree: anue wunnegen,
(itis) better, Matt. 18, 8,9; anue onk nen
(object. ), more than me, Matt. 10, 37.
[Quir. artche, Pier.;
arche mési, the greatest, p. 40; arche,
‘chiefly’, p. 40; in compos. arwe, arwe-

arwe, arche,

niguot, more noble; arweningesee, more

excellent, p. 10; arwe-kittamanchdsko,

mostmerciful, p.41. Del. allowiwi, Zeisb.
and for the superl. degree eluwi, most. ]
anuhkau, vy. t. he is superior to, better

than, surpasses, Nah. 3, 8; sun kut .

art thou better than?, Nah. 3, 6.

(Quir. arréokawah and drrwkawau,

Pier. 10.]
anum, n. a dog; pl. aniimwog, Matt. 7, 6

(Narr. ayim; Nipm. alin; Quinnip.

artim, El. Gr. 2; R. W. 107). From
he holds with his mouth
(annu-n, with -maii the characteristic of
action performed bythe mouth). [The
Peq. ahteah (Abn. atié), is related to
adchu, he hunts. Cf. Engl. hound
(Gothic, hunda) and hunt. ]

[Abn. atié, pl. atiak; arem8s, -8ssak.
Peq. n’ahteah, (my) dog, Stiles. Etch.
allomoos. Del. allum. Chip. (St Mary’s)
an/émoosh; (Sag.) aw nee mouch, dog
(Sch. ); anim, ‘meandog’, Bar. Miami
Menom. ali naim.]
anumwussukup, -sikkup, -kuppe, n.

a willow tree, Ezek. 17, 5; Is. 44, 4;

Job 40, 22 (-sukuppe, Mass. Ps. ).
anun. See din.
danupde, aneu-, as adj. and ady. over-

flowing, Is. 28, 18; with sokanon, an

‘overflowing shower’, Ezek. 13, 13; noh

pish aniipadto, ‘he [it] shall overflow’,

Is. 8, 8. See anitchewan.
dnussehheau, anisheau, y. caus. an.

he corrupts, makes corrupt. From

dnue, or dnin (q. v.), it rots, becomes
corrupt, with -sh of derogation: dnush-
edog wuhhogkauh, they corrupt them-
selves, Ex. 32, 7; suppos. 2d pl. dnis-
heég, when you are corrupted, corrupt
yourselves, Deut. 4, 24. With inan.

annumaii,

lam wah.

| adhsuhqueaii.

[BULLETIN 25

anussehheau, anisheau—continued.
subj. anisteau, (it) corrupts (it), 1 Cor.
15, 33.

anutchuan. See anitchewan.

dnuwodt, as ady. too much, more than
enough, Ex. 36, 7, =dnue woh adt, Ex.
36, 5.

danuwutchuwan [= aniichuwan], it over-
flows, Ps. 78, 20. See anitchewan.

anwohhou, n. a staff, 1 Sam. 17, 40; Is.
10, 15; pl. -h@unash, 1 Sam. 17, 43.

[Narr. wutténho, (his) staff. Abn.
anbadéhsn, baton (ned aiibadéhsi, je
m’appuie sur (quelque chose) en mar-
chant). ]

anwohsin, y. i. he rests himself, takes
rest, Ex. 20, 11; 31, 17 [nutt’ anniiwos-
sumweh nuhhog, Lrest myself, C. (bad) ];
imperat. 2d pl. -sinwk, rest ye, Mark 6,
41; uttoh adt anwésik (swppos. ), whereon
he resteth, Job 24,23. Vbl.n. -sindénk,
resting, rest, a resting place, Num. 10,
33.

[Abn. aréSéssin, il se repose, aiant

travaillé. ]

adhkeomo[s], n. a hornet, Josh. 24, 12;
abhkéaumous, bee, Ps. 118, 12 (but
‘hornet’ is transferred, Deut. 7, 20, and
“‘bees-og’, Judg. 14, 8, ete.); ohkeom-
mons-og, bees, C.; aohkeomuas, Mass. Ps.
Cf. ahdmaquésuiik (ohhomaquesuuk, C.),
a needle or pin.

[Del. amoé, a bee, wasp, Zeisb. ]

See hdésekéeu.

aongkoue. See ongkoue.

daoque, amhque (”), v. i. he is against, or
opposed; he is an adversary; howan
amque, Who is my adversary? Is. 50, 8;
suppos. noh ayeuqueiik, he who is ad-
verse, an adversary; pl. -queagig, Neh.
4,11. See ayeuhteau; ayewiihkonai.

apehtunk. See appohteau, it remains or
rests in.

*apome (Narr.), n. the thigh; pl. -mash.
See mehquau; mobpee.

(Chip. (St Mary’s) bwawm,; (Mack. )
bawm, Sch. 11, 458. Del. la uch poa me,
the middle of the thigh, Zeisb.]

appahquosu.
appappin, ahp-, v. i. he sits upon (it);
wutahpappin, she sits on it, Ley. 15, 20;
suppos. ne appapit, that whereon he
sits, Ley. 15, 22, 28,26. Augm. of appin.
[Chip. ahpahbewin, a saddle, Sum. ]

See appuhquoésu.

TRUMBULL]

appéh, ahpéh (-han),n. a trap, asnare;
Is. 8, 14; 24,17; Job 18, 10; pl. -hanog,
-heonog, 2 Sam. 22, 6; Job 22, 10.

“4, a4,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

From pahheau, it waits for (?)(n'uppaih, —

I wait for him, Ps. 130,5). Cf. ohppeh.
(Narr. ape; pl. apehana, traps; wusk-
aptéhana, new traps. Cf. Cree appit,
‘tobacco bag’. ]
appesettukqussin (?), he kneels; caus. —

heuh, he made them kneel, Gen. 24, 11; |

(y. i.) rest on their knees; to kneel on
his knees, 1 K. 8, 54; 2 Chr. 6, 13, ete.
appesetukqussin, (-un), y. act. intr. he

kneels, bows the knee; imperat. 2d pl. |

appesetukqussunok, bow the knee, Gen.
41, 43.
appin, n. a bed (a place to sit or rest on),
Ley. 15, 26; Is. 28, 20; wut-appin, his
bed, Cant. 3,7 (as a verb, na wut-appin,
he sits down there, Ruth 4, 1).
appappin, dppu.
[Abn. téssdkSab8n, lit, élevé de terre;
ap8&n, lit qui ne l’est pas.
each person who is a member of the

See |

Chip.: ‘‘To |

lodge-family is assigned a fixed seat, or —

habitual abiding place, which is called

abbinos.”’—Sch. 11, 63. Del. ach pi ney,

a place to sleep on, Zeisb. ]
appohteau, it remains or rests in.

(Nore.—It was the intention of the com- |
piler, judging from his reference under apeh- |

tunk, to complete the definition of the term
appohteau, but aside from a marginal note in
pencil no reference to it is made in the manu-
script.]

app@su, apwosu, op-, vy. i. he roasts,
bakes; pass. it (an. subj.) is roasted,
rove eects se 44e0 Gs) le Kee ONG,

roasted; apposish
roast the meat, C.). See apwou.

[Del. ach pus si, Zeisb.]

appu, v.i. (1) hesits; nut-ap, I sit, Ezek.

28, 2; pl. appuog, they sit, Ps. 119, 3;

(apwosu, weyaus,

suppos. ken dpean, thou that sittest, Jer.

22, 2.

(2) he rests, remains, abides |

(éver), Ps. 10, 8; 1 John 3, 14; im- |
perat. apsh, pl. apek, apegk, Gen. 22, 5; |
1 Sam. 19, 2; Matt. 10, 11; suppos. noh |

apit, he that abideth, who remains
(6 név@v), 2 John 9 (matta apéi, ‘he
is not at home,’ Proy. 7,19). (3) he
is, he continues to be, lives, in a state
where rest or inactivity is implied: toh

kutapin, where art thou? Gen. 3, 9: na |

kutappin, thou art there, Ps. 139, 8; im-

13

appu—continued.

perat. na apsh, ‘be there’ (remain
there), Ex. 24, 12; cf. 1 Sam. 19, 3; sup-
pos. ne apit, where he was, Ex. 20, 21;
pl. part. neg apitcheg, they whoare, were,
Ex. 7, 18, 21; Luke5, 7; matta pish nut-
dppu, I shall not be, Job 7, 21. With
dppu (he is at rest, or inactive) ef. ayeu
(he is in place, posited), ahteau (he has
himself, or is in possession; habet, se
habet; see ohtawundt), ussu (he acts, is
doing, agit), and wnmin, wut-unniin (he
is such as, or of the sort of): the verbs
by which Eliot translates, with sufficient
accuracy, the substantive verb of exist-
ence.

[Narr. yo dppitch ewd, let him sit here;
mat-apeu, heisnotathome. Abn. ned’-
dpi, je suis assis; 3d sing. aps. Cree,
dppu, (1) he sits; (2) he remains. Del.
w’ dappin, achpin, he is there in a par-
ticular place; suppos. epit, Zeisb.; achpo,
he is at home, Zeisb. ]

appuhquassumo (?), n. a pillow; pl.
-mounash, Ezek. 13, 18; uppuhquassu-
moun-it, on a pillow, Mark 4, 38. See
*abockquésin.

[Abn. ps*k8ésim8n, coussin de téte;

pS k&ésin i8, ai cela pour coussin. ]

appuhquau, v. t. he puts over (it) asa
covering (e. g. of a floor, side, or roof);
he ceils (it) with: appuhquaw anomuk-
komuk mehtugquash, ‘he covered the
walls on the inside with wood’, 1 kK.
6, 15.

appuhqu6su, appah-, y. i. he covers,
puts on that which covers;
cedar, he covers [the house] with cedar,
and, pass., it is covered, ete., 1 K. 7,3;
suppos. inan. ne dbuhquosik, its cover-
ing, Cant. 3, 10.
obbohquos, abohquos, n. a tent, the coy-
ering of a tent, a covert, Ex. 40, 19; Is.
4, 6.

[Narr. abockquésinash (inan. pl.), the
mats with which the wigwam was cov-
ered. Chip. ah-piik-we, covering for a
lodge. ]

appuminneonash, n. pl. parched corn,
1 Sam. 17, 17; (up-) 2 Sam. 17, 28.
From apwéu, he bakes or roasts, and
min-neash, kernels or fruit.

[ Narr. parched
corn; aupiiminea-naw-satimp, parched

nashpe

Hence uppéhqués,

aupimmineanash,

14

apptminnednash—continued.
meal boiled with water. Abn. abimin-
aiinar, blé groulé; ned’ abiminé, ned’-

abimisi, je fais griller du blé ad’ Inde; j’en |

groule. ]
appunnonneénash, n. pil.
pulse’, 2 Sam. 17, 28.
appuonk, vbl. n. sitting, a seat, Rev. 4,
41 (appionk, a chair, C.).

“parched

apsin, v. t. he lies upon (it); suppos. ne

apsuk, that whereon he lies, Ley. 15, 20.

*apwonnah, an oyster, C. See *oppone-
nathock.

apwosu, it is baked, roasted.
posu.

apwou, -wau, y. t. an. he roasts or
cooks (meat): apwénat weyaus, to roast
flesh, 1 Sam. 2, 15; also, as used by
Eliot, v. t:
(bread or other inan. obj.): apwoog
petukqununk, they bake bread (in an
oven), Ley. 26, 26; apwau petukqunneg,

he baketh (a cake of) bread, Is. 44, 15;
2 Sam. 13, 8; pish kut-appén, thou shalt |

bake it, Lev. 24, 5. See appasu.
[Rasles gives for the Abnaki several
verbs expressing the mode of preparing
animal and vegetal food, all of which,
doubtless, had correspondences in the
Massachusetts dialect, though these are
not to be found in Eliot: e. g. ned’
abipesi [=net’apepesin?], je fais cuire
dans la cendre; ne-bagast8n, je fais
cuire (vy. g. de la viande); ne-bagasse-

maik penak, je fais cuire des poires de |

terre; ned’ abamégsé, je fais cuire sur
a

les charbons; ne-pesakSabamégsé,

la broche; ne-pesa'kgSabaiin, je grille

(v.g.unanguille, viande); ned-abéSsaiin,

je grille de la viande, sans broche;

nstsébapS kSé, je rotis, me servant
dune corde; ned’ apssin, ne-pessagSa-
baiin, ete., je rotis avee une broche, ete. ;
ned abaiin, je rotis (v. g. un liévre); je
le fais rétir, ete. [Cf. Del. achpoan,
bread, Zeisb. ]

*aquaunduut (Peq.), n. the ‘blue fish’
[Temnodon saltator, Cuy.], Stiles. Cf.
*osacéntuck.

*aquene (Narr.), n. ‘peace’, R. W.;a
truce, cessation of hostilities. From
ahque (aquie, R. W.), he desists, leaves
off, refrains.

aquidnet, at the island. See ahquedne.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

asampamukquodt.

dse-, in comp. words.
| dsekesukokish, day by day.
See ap-

inan. he bakes or cooks |

ashabp, ashap.
*ashaunt (Narr.), a lobster, pl. -teaig,

| ashkon.

[BULLETIN 25

aqut =agquit, (when he is) clothed.
hogka.

as. See ash.

See

See assompamuk

quodt.

*asauanash (Narr.), n. pl. ‘a kind of

dice which are plumb stones painted,
which they cast in a tray’, R. W. 145,
146.

[Abn. ésséSan-ar, les grains du jeu
du plat. ]
See ose-.
See hdse;
hésekéeu.

asemuk, suppos. pass. part. of wsseii. 1e

asemuk, that which is done, Eccl. 8,
17; pl. -kish, v. 16.

aséquam, vy. t. he sews (it);
konagk, he sews new cloth, Mark 2, 21;
kut-ushquam, thou sewest up, Job 14,
17 (ushquamtinat monag, to sew one’s
clothes, C.).

[Abn. ned’ dsk8aSaii, je couds chemise;
skSa8aii, i] la faut coudre; ned’ ask8amen,
je le couds (y. g.
ete. ).]

ash, as, ady. ‘of continuance’, ‘still’,
El. Gr. 21; while, Mark 5, 35; Luke

22, 47 (ash pammadt, ‘while he yet

am wush-

canot, item vestem,

spake’): ash pamantam [on], while I
live, Ps. 63, 4 (as pamontam, Ps. 146, 2);
as yeu apeh, ‘while I have any being’,
while I remain here, Ps. 146, 2. (*,
asq.

[Narr. as pumméwi, ‘he is not gone
by’, i.e., he is yet going. Micm. ecih,
lorsque, pendant que. Chip. ka maski,
mashi nange, not yet; bwa mashi, before.
Del. es, yet, Zeisb. ]

See hashdbp, a net.

R. W.; au so haw naue hoc, lobster,
Wood. Peg. muschindaug, Stiles.

ashim (?),n. a fountain, Cant. 4, 12 (but
elsewhere tohkekom). The nearest cor-
respondence with this word found in
any dialect of the Algonquian is Alin.
asiem nebi, ‘il puise de eau’; dsihi nei,
‘vas quérir, puise, de l’eau, soit du
ruisseau, soit Ala cabane’; ned-a'sihibé,
‘je puise de l’eau, fonti vel fluvio.’
Perhaps related to assam-aii, he gives
nourishment to, he provides (’).

See askon,

TRUMBULI]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

15

ashkoshqui, -ki; oshkoski, (v.i. it is) | aske, (it is) raw, not cooked or prepared

green; as adj. green, Ps. 37, 2; Jer. 17,8

(askosque, C.): ashkoshquhkontu, in
green places, ‘in green pastures’, Mass.
Ps., Ps. 23, 2; ‘on the green grass,’
Mark 6, 39; suppos. oskoskqut, when it
is green, Ps. 37, 2 (‘the green herb’);
inan. pl. ashkoski-yeuash, Esth. 1, 6.
Augm. of aske, q. v.

[Narr. diskdski. Del. asgask, Zeisb.]

ashkuhquame, (it is) green, i. e. grow-

ing (of a tree, or of wood), Gen. 30, 37:

onat-uh askuhquam-ut, ‘like the green |

tree’, Ps. 37, 35;
under a green tree, Deut. 12, 2; 1 K.
14, 23. See askunkq.

[Abn. aresksak8, arbre vert, qui ne
peut bruler; skak&r, bois que n’est

ut askunkquam-ut,

pas sec; (modern Abn. ska-kwam, green
stick, K. A.).]

*ashonaquo (Narr.), a cap or hat. See
hashonuka; *onkqueekho.
ashpohtag, ohshpohtag, suppos. of

ushpohteau, (when it is) high or (when

|
|

for food (askin, C.): askeyaiis [aske-
weyais], raw flesh, 1 Sam. 2, 15. The
primary signification is, not yet (see
asq); not yet mature, green (whence
moskeht, grass, etc.); not yet fitted to
be eaten, raw.

[Narr. askin, it is raw. Abn. skié,
crud; skisi, cruement, on le mange cru;
skihai (an.), cru. Del. askiwi, raw,
Zeisb. Gr. 104; S. B. 14.]

askéquttum, n. a snail, Ley. 11, 30; Ps.

58, 8.
askkuhnk. See askunkg.
| dskon (?), n. a horn (?), 2 Sam. 22, 3;

it) reaches up to; in height, from bottom |
to top, Ex. 37, 25; 38, 1: ne dshpohtag, |

the height of it.

ashpukquodt, spukquodt, it has the |

taste of, tastes of; suppos. ne dshpuk-

quok, ne spukquok, the taste of it, its |

taste.
ashpummeu,
pumimneu.
ashpunadt, suppos. when it happens to,
or befalls (him).
ashpunuk, suppos. of ushpunnum, when
he lifts or hoists (it) up.
ashq.
ashqshont, suppos. part. he who re-
mains; pl. -oncheg, Ezek. 36, 3, 4.
ashqshunk, n. coll. the remainder, what
is left.
ashqueteamuk, suppos. pass. inan. that
which is left.
ashqunut, suppos. of sequnaii; noh ash-
qunut, he who is left, who remains; pl.
-utcheg, Neh. 1, 3.
ashquosh, pl. of ashq.
asinnekoiis, assunek6az, has-, n. a
thorn, thorn bush, Is. 34, 13; Ex. 3, 2;
Proy. 26, 9; Ezek. 28, 24; pl. -késog,
thorns, Gen. 3,18. From hasswnne and
kois, stony (1. e. very hard) briar.

See spukquodt.
ady. as

yet. See ash;
See ushpinaii.
See asq.

See ishkont; sequnaii.

See sequtteaumuk.

See asq.

Ps. 75, 4; 1 K. 1, 29: wut-askon, his
horn, Ps. 112, 9; pl. dskonog, Dan.
7, 8 (weween, horn, C.). Cf. muskon,
a bone.

askon, ashkon, n. an undressed skin,a
raw hide, Lev. 8, 17; 9, 11; Gen. 27, 16;
tiskon, Ex. 29, 14 (oskén, C.); wutaskon,
his hide, Ley. 4, 11; pl. -naog. From
aske; askin, it is not yet (prepared).
Cf. ohkon.

(Del. askchey, Zeisb. ]

askonemes (?), n. dim. a little horn,
Danwieo:

askaok, n. a serpent, pl. askwkog, Gen.
3,1; Deut. 8,15. (‘‘Snakes divers; ...
the general Salvage name of them is
ascowke.’’—Morton’s N. E. Canaan, b.
2, ch. 5.) ashkok, Mass. Ps., John 3,
14. See whk; sesékq.

[Narr. askig ; méaskug, a black snake.
Abn. sk8k, pl. sk&gak. Peg. skoogs,
Stiles. Chip. kenahbeg, ies ginelig, Bar. ;
(St Mary’s) ke nai bik, Sch. Del. ach-
gook (cf. schahachgekhasu, vy. adj. long,
straight, striped), Zeisb. Gr. ]

askotasgq, n., pl. -asquash, Num. 11, 5,
where it is put for ‘cucumbers’; mon-

askoolasquash, ‘melons’, ibid. (but man-
‘cucumbers’, ‘or a raw
thing’, and ohhosketiimuk, ‘watermel-
on’, C.) From -asq, n. generic for that
which is eaten raw or green, with askeht,
green (in color); green-colored fruit
which may be eaten raw or unripe.

osketamuk,

“ Tsquoutersquashes is their best bread in
summer when their corn is spent; a
fruit like a young pumpion.’’—Wood’s

N. E. Prospect, b. 2, ch.6. See asg.

16 BUREAU
askmtasq—continued.
(Narr. askiitasquash, ‘‘their vine ap-

ple, which the English from them call
squashes, about the bigness of apples,
of several colors,’ R.W. Chip. (Gr.
Trav.) ashketuhmo, melon; (Saginaw)
esh-ke-tah-mo, Sch. 1, 462. Shawn.
yeskervtahmaikee, melon [et. ohhosketi-
muk,C.supra]. Del. ehaskitamank (pl. ),
watermelons, Zeisb. ]

askuhhum, y. t. he waits (and watches)
for (it), pl. -humwog, John 5, 3; im-
perat. 2d pl. -hwmak, watch ye (it),
Ezra 8, 29.

askuhwheteau, vy. i. he keeps watch,
watches, 1 Sam. 4, 13; nwt-askuhwhe-
team (-askwéteam, Ps. 102, 7), I watch;

imper. 2d pl. -teagk, watch ye, Mark 13, |

35, 37. Adj. and adv. -teae, of watch-
ing (with komuk, a watch tower), Is.
21, 5. VWbl. n. -teaonk, watching, a
watch. N. agent. -teaen, a watchman,
Ps. 90, 4; Judg. 7, 19.

*askun (Narr.), itis raw. See aske.

askunkq, askkuhnk, n. a green tree,
Ezek. 17, 24; 20, 47; cf. kishkunk; mus-
smonk.

askuwhekonaii, v. t. an. (with charac-
teristic of continued action) he habitu-
ally watches or is aspy upon (him).

asokekodteamam, y. i. he is a de-
ceiver, (habitually) deceives; suppos.
noh asakekodteamwit, he who deceives,
Job 12, 16. (nut-assmkekodteam, I
cheat, C.) Vbl. n. -ammonk, -aumuonk,
deceiving, deceit, craft. N. agent.
-amoen, a deceiver, one who is crafty,
Job 5, 12; 15, 5.

[Narr. kutt assokakémme, you deceive

me. }

asmkekomaii, v. t. an. he deceives,
cheats (him), John 7, 12; suppos.
noh asokekomont, he who deceives
(another), Prov. 26, 19; pass. noh

asw@kekomit, he who is deceived, Job
12, 16.

asotu, v. i. he is foolish, ignorant, sim-
ple, Proy. 14, 15, 18; 17, 7; pl. -uog,
Is. 56, 10. Vbl. n. asaotuonk, folly.

(Narr. assétu and asséko, afool. Abn.

az8gSaiigan, folie; as8ghi, il est fou, il
n’a point d’esprit. ]

aspuhquaeii. See ushpuhquaei.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

asq, ashq, asquam, not yet, before that,
Jer. 15,5; 1 Sam: 35 75 Luke 22) 34:
Opposed to dnue, further, more than.
It is the base of aske, *askun, it is raw
or not prepared for food: ashkoshki,
green; wuske, young, new. In compo-
sition it serves as the n. generic for
whatever is eaten or otherwise used
when green or immature; not yet ripe;
pl. asquash, whence our ‘squash.’ See
askootasq.

(Narr. asquam, not yet; as pumméwi,
he is not gone by; askim, it is raw.
Abn. éskitamek Sa‘saSé, melon d’eau,
qu’on ne fait pas cuire. Miem. echh,
lorsque, pendant que; echk&menahh, au-
paravant. Cree numma éskwa, not yet.
Del. esquo, esquota, not yet, Zeisb. Il.
escSa, not yet. ]

*asqhuttmche, whilst, C. =«asq-uttmche.
assa[au(?)], v. i. to turn back: matta
nut-assawp, I did not turn back, Is.
50,5. See assduishaii.
{Chip. nind ajéta,
backwards,’ Bar. ]
assamaii, vy. t. an. he feeds (him), gives
(him) to eat, Ps. 136, 25; imperat.
2d pl. assamok, feed ye (the flock),
Zech. 11, 4; 2d-+-Ist sing. assameh, give
me to eat; sohkomaii [=assohkomaii],
he goes on feeding, habitually feeds
or provides food for (him); nus-sohko-
mon (suppos. when) I feed (the flock),
Zech. 11, 7; imperat. 2d sing. sohkom-
mas nut-shépsemésog, feed my lambs,
John 21,15. From assamaii, with char-
acteristic (ohk) of continued action.

[Narr. assdémme, give me toeat. Abn.

ned’a'samaii, je lui donne 4 manger;

‘1 draw (moye)

ned’asar, je donne i manger. Micm.
eshem&ey, je donne 4’ manger. Cree

dssamayoo, he gives him food; dssam-
issoo, he gives himself food, serves him-
self. ]
assau.
assepinum, vy. t. he ties (it) together,
binds up; imper. 2d pl. assepinak, bind
ye (the tares, in bundles), Matt. 13, 30;
=wushpunnum, q. V.
assishquttauaog, n. pl. the Pleiades, or
seven stars, according to Eliot, in Job
38, 31; Amos 5, 8; but R. Williams
gives shwishcuttowwduog as the name of
‘the golden metewand’, i. e. the three

See assa.

TRUMBULL] NATICK-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 1

assishquttauaog—continued.
stars in the belt of Orion, and this is
more probably correct, the name sig-
nifying ‘three fires’, or a long wigwam

in which there are three fires; shwish- |
cultow, R. W. 47, 80. See (Narr.) chip- |

papuock under chipappu.
assdepO6su, os-, y. i. he slides or slips
backward, Hos. 4, 16.
assompamukquodt, asamp-, (suppos.
where he hides,) n. a hiding-place, a
place of concealment:
secret place,’ 1 Sam. 19, 2; Jer. 23, 24;
‘ina den,’ Heb.11,38. Adj. and adv.
ayeuonk, hiding

assompamukque:
place, covert, Is. 32, 2.

[Abn. sabkSaiigan, cache, espéce

(armoire dans un arbre, ete. ]

assoushaii, y. i. he goes backward; nut-
assiuisham, I go backward, Job 23, 8;
kut-, thou goeth backward, Jer. 15, 6; as-
sduishaog, they go backward, Jer. 7, 24
(assuhshaog, John 18, 6).

[Cree asséche, backward. Abn. asé-
‘taii8i, d’une fagon directement op-
posée; ned-asetaiisé, je marche a recu-
lons. ]

a’ssownch. See *ausounch.

assmtammonk, n. a kingdom, Dan. 7,
27; Obad. 21; =tahswmtammonk, q. v.
Cf. ketassot.

assuhshaii. See assévishaii, he goes back-
ward.

assun. See /lassun, a stone.

assunekéaz. See assinnekdiis.

asuh, conj. disj. or (El. Gr. 22); aswh mat,

nor, Gen. 21, 23; Matt. 5, 34, 35. Its |

primary meaning is ‘after’ or ‘behind.’
Perhaps related to neese, two.

[Cree dche, dche, else, other, alias;
égah, or. Chip. ishkwd-, in comp.
‘after, or the end of something’;

ajawaii, behind. Del. schi, schita, or, |

Zeisb. ]
asuhkaiiaii, vy. t. an. he goes after (him),

tut, ‘in a |

pursues, follows, Deut. 1, 36; pl. -kau- |

dog; imperat. pl. asuhkiek, follow me,
1 Cor. 4, 16; suppos. noh asukiit, he
who follows, comes after, Eccl. 2, 18.
With inan. subj. asuhkom, he goes after
(it); pl. asuhkomwog, Jer. 2, 8.
asuhkaue, (it comes) after; as prep. and
ady. after; negonne onk nen . . . asuh-
kaue onk nen, before me... after me,
B. A. E., Buty. 25——2

ba |

asuhkaue—continued.

Ts. 43, 10. From asuh and aii, with
characteristic of continuing action or
progress (-’k).

asumungquodt, ussu-, if smells of, has
the smell or odor of; pl. inan. -quodtash,
they smell of, Ps. 45, 8; suppos. ne
asumungquok, what it smells of, its
smell or odor, Cant. 4, 10; 7,8; with an.
subj. wut-issumungqussu, he smells of.
Vbl. n. -qussuonk, his smell; manontam
ne asumungquok hogkmonk, ‘he smelled
the smell of his raiment,’ Gen. 27, 27.
Cf. matchemunguot, weetimungquot.

at. See adt.

*atduntowash (Narr.), imper. 2d sing.
climb (it); nf’duntawem, I climb. See
wultontanai.

*atauskawaw (Narr.), pl. -wduog, -waig,
lords, rulers, R. W. See ahtuishkouwaii.

*attaboan (Quir. ), to pray, Pier. 59; attdb-
bowawunk, prayer, ibid. 58, 59.

*attitdash (Narr.), n. pl. ‘hurtle-ber-
ries, of which there are divers sorts,
sweet like currants,’ R. W. 91. See
sautauthig.

[Abn. sa‘tar, bluets frais, sans étre
secs (sing. sa‘té); lorsqu’ils sont secs,
sikisa‘tar (af sitar, les fruits sont murs;
bons 4 manger). Narr. satitaash, ‘are
these currants [these berries are] dried
by the natives.’ ]

attdaii. See adtéaii.

attuk. See ahtuk, a deer.

attumunnum, y. t. he receives (it);
takes, as his own, from another; lit.
takes in his hand (-nnwm), Gen. 26, 12;
suppos. noh attumunuk, he who re-
ceiveth, Prov. 29, 4; pass. inan. ne at-
tumunumuk, that which is received,
2 K. 5, 26. With an. 2d obj. attumun-
numaiaii, he receives (it) from (him).

[Cree odtinum, he takes it.]

aii, au, y. i. he goes thither (to or to-
ward a person or place); opposed to
wom, om, he goes thence (from a per-
son or place), Gen. 26, 1; 33, 17; Ex.
4,18 (aii, he is gone, Proy. 7,19); pl.
auog (‘they journeyed’, i. e. went on
their way, Gen. 35, 5), Hos. 7, 11; im-
perat. 2d sing. aush; Ist pl. ontuh (otuh,
aonotuh, Mass. Ps.), let us go to; 2d pl.
ongq, go ye, Matt. 21,2; Josh. 2, 16; sup-
pos. uttoh aydi (adi, Mass. Ps. ), whither

18

aii, Au—continued.
I (may) go, John 14, 4; may ne dyoi,
the way in which I go, Job 23, 10 (but
aéén, as 1 go, as I went to, Acts 26, 12;
66n utloh woh doi, going whither I may
go, 2 Sam. 15, 20; avion, if I go to, Ps.
139, 8); toh dydan, where thou
ne ayoan, ‘in thy way’, as thou
Ex. 23, 20; suppos. 3d sing. and part.
ayont (aiont, aént), when he goes, he
going, Jer. 41, 6; John 12, 35; 2d pl.

goest;

goest,

aéég, When you go, Deut. 4, 5; 11, 8;

3d pl. ne dahettit, ‘as they went’, when

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

they were going, Luke 10, 38 (with

inan. subj. auomam,; uttoh auoma-uk,
‘whither it goeth’, Mass. Ps., John 3,
8). From the root of this verb is
formed, by prefixing m’ (preteritive?),
mai, may, a path; i. e. where there has
been going (old Engl. gang).

ait or wom was used when going to
or from a place which was spoken of
without reference to the locality of the
speaker; peyaii (he comes) and monchu
(he goes) to or from the place of the
speaker, or in which the speaker as-
sumes to be; amdeii, he absents him-
self, takes himself away, without refer-
ence to the act of going.

[Narr. yO kult dunan, go (you) that
way; yd atta, let us go that way.
Chip. nind-ezhah, I go (John 11, 11);

pret. ke ezhdh, he went to (2, 12); sup- |

pos. azhahyon, whither I go (8, 14; 14,

4); azhahwahnan, whither thou goest

(14, 5). Abn. nemaii neda, je vas 1a;
nemaiitsi, je vas, je m’en vas. Del. ew
or waeu, he goes (thither, to a place);
suppos. aane, if I go; ate, if he goes;
part. eyat, going; imperat. aak, go ye. ]
*aucup (Narr.), a little cove, or creek,

R.W. See kuppi.
audchdonk. See adchaii.
audta. See autah.

*atihaqut(Narr.),a mantle. See hogkw.

*aukeetedmitch (Narr. ), spring or seed-
time, R. W. 69.

*avimanep (Narr.), a fishing line, pl.
-napeash, R. W. 104.

[Del. a ma na tac, Zeisb. ]

*aumati (Narr.), he is fishing, ‘is gone
to fish’; pl. aumatog, they fish; nt ai-
men, I am fishing; suppos. pl. awmach-
ick (omdcheg, El.), they who fish, fish-

ermen. (N. agent. émaen, pl. -enuog,

[BULLETIN 25

*aumati—continued.
fishermen, El.) This verb signifies to
fish with hook and line. It is not used
by Eliot except in the participial éma-

cheg, and the derived n. agent. (Cf.
notamogquam, 1 go a fishing.) Its

base is 6m (aum), a fishhook (Matt.
17, 27), primarily a verb signifying ‘he
takes fish,’ or simply ‘he takes’ (ef.
amaunum, he takes, with his hand
ete.), which in the suppos. has dinaik
(dmmdg, 6mmdq), ‘when he takes,’ and
pass. ‘what is taken’; pl. dmdgquog,
émmagquog. This suppos. or participial
serves in composition as a noun generic
for ‘fish taken by the hook’, and (in the
singular) fora place of taking fish, ‘fish-
ing place’; and it was used by Eliot, in
a wider sense, for all fish, as kehtah-
han-dmaquog, sea-fishes, Num. 11, 22;
mogk-ommdquog, great fishes, John 21,
11; how-amag-qut, (objective) to any
fish, Deut. 4,18. See namohs.

[Abn. ned-aiimé, je péche a l’hame-
con; aiimé, il péche, ete.; aiimaiigan,
on péche 1a, il ya péche. Del. a-man,
fishhook, Zeisb. ]

*aumst-og (Narr.), n. pl. a fish some-
what like a herring, R. W.
dunag, 6nag, unnag, suppos. of unne,
q. v., if it be so, when it is so; ne
aunag, neaunak, that which is (i. e.
when it is) so or thus; pl. nish aunagish,
-kish; used substantively for event, oc-
currence, action; what is to be, or may
be, so, or in such manner: wame ne aunag

See émmis.

papaume ayeuwuttuonk, ‘all the things
concerning the war’, 2 Sam. 11, 18;
uttoh aunak, ‘how the matter may fall’,
Ruth 3, 18; pasuk ne woh aunag, ‘one
thing is needful’, must be so, Luke 10,
42: ne dunak, ‘the color of it’, i.e. its
appearance, likeness, Num. 11,7; Ezek.
1, 16. Negat. matta dnanwgk, ‘if it
were not so’, John 14, 12, =matia una-
nog, Judg. 9, 15 (nednag, such, C.).
As prep. according to, after the man-
ner of. See nan; neane; nnih.
*aunakésu, he is painted. See anogku.
aunchemokaii, unnaunch-, y. i. he
tells news, bears tidings, relates, com-
municates information; pl. -kaog, they
told the tidings, 1 Sam. 11, 4; pish kut-
aunchemakom, thou shalt bear tidings,

TRUMBULL]

aunchemokaii, unnaunch-—cont’d.

2 Sam. 18,20. With an. obj. -okaiaii,

he bears tidings to, tells news to (him);

nuttinaunchemmkauondoh wunnaunche-
makauonk, I told them good news, ‘1
communicated to them the gospel’,
Gal. 2,2. Vbl. n. -wkaonk, -mkauonk,
news, tidings, 2
(achmowonk, news, C.). Continuative
of aunchemaii (-ma), he tells, gives in-
formation.

[Narr. aunchemékaw, tell me your |

news; awaun mesh aunchembkau, who
(has) brought this news; tockete-dun-
chim, what news (do you tell)? Cree
dchemoo, he relates.

gat, bonnes nouvelles; aiitsems, il en
dit, il en raconte. ]

*aunckuck (Narr.), pl. -quduog, ‘heath
cocks’, R.W. Pinnated grouse, prairie
hen (Tetrao cupido, Wils.?), formerly
common in Massachusetts.
anogku (aunakésu, R. W.), he paints
himself, or is painted(?).

auohquédeu, at the end, or extremity.
See uhqudaeu.

auskomuwaii, auiisk-, y. t. an.
chides, reproves, scolds (him). YVbl.

n. act. auiiskémuwaonk, chiding, re-
proof given; pass. auiiskontuonk, being
reproved, reproof received, correction,
Prov. 15, 10; 27, 5.

*ausounch, a’ssownch, (Peq.) n.
skunk, Stiles. See squnck.

[Abn. ségaiiks, béte puante. ]

*afisup (Narr.), pl. -pdnnog, the rac-
coon, R. W.

[Abn. ‘chat sauvage’,
Rasles; modern Abn. ashan,” raccoon,
K. A. Del. nachenum, raccoon; but es-
panni-minschi, ‘raccoon wood, yellow
wood’, Zeisb. 8. B. 66. - Chip. asseeban,
Long; ais’se bun, Sch.; aasebun, Sum. ]

*autah, audta, autawhun (Narr. ), the
apron or covering worn in front, R. W.;
for adtau, he hides; and (caus. ) adtah-
heau-un (adtahwhun), hidden. Cf. ad-
tahtou. Eliot has nish wut-adtahwhu-
nuhkonnaoash, (of) these they made
aprons, Gen. 3, 7; i.e. things which con-
tinue to (or permanently, wh-k-), hide.

auwakompandonk, ybl. n. torment
(endured or suffered), Rev. 18,7. See
onkapunanittuonk.

a

éssebanes,

Abn. kég8i aritaii- |
gSat, quelles nouvelles dit on? Sritaii- |

he |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

From |

| auwakontowdonk,
Sam. 13, 30; 18, 25, 26 |

19

auwakompanau, y. i. he suffers tor-
ment, tormented. Ady. and adj.
auwakompande ayeuonk, the place of
torment.

auwakompunnassu, y. i. (act.) he in-
flicts torment, he tortures.

diuhk-,

groaning, Ps. 6,6; 38, 9.

is

vbl. nn.

auwassu, auwosu, Awossu, ou-, V. i.
(adj. an.) he warms himself, Is. 44, 15,
16; Mark 14, 54; John 18, 18; nut-
auuwds, 1 am warmed, Is. 44, 16 (auwd-
sish, warm thyself, C.).

[Narr. awdssish, warm thyself. Abn.
asdas8, il se chauffe. Del. a wos si, warm
yourself, Zeisb. ]

auwépin, y. i. the wind ceases, Mark 4,
39; there is acalm (auweppbhquot, ‘calm

_ weather’, when it is calm; auwwepite
ahquompi, a calm season; owwepinnive,
calmly, C.).

(Narr. awépu, a calm, (the calm of)
peace. Abn. aSiben, il fait calme sur
la riviére. ]

auwohhémmonk, dhhaoh-, dahhau-
woh-, ybl. n. complaining, expressing
of suffering, ‘groaning’, Ex. 2, 24; 6,5.
auwohkon, y. i. it is used or made use
of (habitually); of the fat of meat, ete.,
Ley. 7, 24; of a sword, Ezek. 21, 11
(awwohkénat, to use, to be used, to wear
clothes out, C.).
[Del. au wee ke, to use, Zeisb.]
auwohkonche, awak-, ady. scarcely,
hardly (with difficulty), Acts 14, 18,
1 Pet. 4, 18 (auohkonche, hardly; awd-
kénche, scarcely, C.).
auwohko6ntmau, owohk-, y. i. he
groans (aloud), Joel 1, 18; Rom. 8, 22.
auwohteaongash. See *ompategash.
auwohteau, y. t. inan. he makes use of,
uses (it); pl. -téaog muttinohkou, they
use the right hand, 1 Chr. 12, 2;
yeu siogkawaonk, they use this proverb,
Ezek. 18, 2; suppos. noh auwohteadt, he
who uses, the user, Deut. 18, 10. (nutt-
auohteam, Luse; nutt auwohteam, I wear,
C.). Vbl. n. auwohteaonk, making use
of, using; pl. -ongash, weapons, Gen.
27,3; 1 Sam. 21,8. (Cf. ayeuhteau.)
auwosu. See auwassu.
awakonche. See auwohkonche.
*a’waumps, a’wumps (Peq.), a fox,

Stiles.

20 BUREAU

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

*awaun ( Narr.),someone; interrog. who? |

=howan, q. Vv.
*awausseus (Peq.), a bear, Stiles.

[Abn. aséss8s.
Del. au we sis, a beast, Zeish.
waysee, a Wild beast, 8. B.]

awossu.
*awwusse (Narr.), ady. farther; awwas-
sése, ‘a little further’, R. W.

[Chip. (St Mary’s) waus’suh, far off;
(Mack. ) was-saw (wdssa, Bar.).
wdthow, afar off. Abn. a8assi8i, plus
avant, nansat, c’est
manda naisatsi, ce n’est pas loin. (See

Menom. ah way sha.

Chip. «h-

See AUWASSU,

Cree

derriére; loin;
noadt; nédhteauundt.) Del. awossi, -iyeu,
beyond, over, the other side, Zeisb. ]

ayeu, y.i. (1) he is here, or there; he is in
a place, is located. (2) he dwells; noh
ayeu kah appu, he dwells and abides,

| ayeuhteau,

Job 39, 28; nutt ai, nutt aih, I dwell (in |

or at), Ps. 23, 6; Ezek. 43, 9; kutt ai,
thou dwellest; pl. ayeuog, they dwell,
Dan. 4, 12; Is. 80, 19; negat. matta
ayeumog, they do not dwell, do not
have place, ‘they were not’, Jer. 31,
15; pret. nutt ai-up, I was (there), Acts
11, 5 [indef. na mo nutt ain, I was there,
Proy. 8, 27; toh kutt ain, toh kutt ai-in,
where dwellest thou? John 1, 38]; im-

perat. ayish, dwell thou; suppos. Ist |

pers. ultoh dyee (dei), where I may
dwell, Is. 49, 20; Ezek. 43, 7; 2d pers.
dyean; 3d pers. Toh dyit, he who dwells,
Is. 8, 18; ne ayig, where he dwells, Job
15, 28; pl. (particip.) neg ayegig, neg na
ayitcheg, the inhabitants, they who
dwell there, Ezek. 38, 11; Mie. 7,
Vbl. n. ayeuonk, a place, Gen. 18,
Deut. 12, 21; dwelling place, Num.
PAB

[Muh. (suppos.) o/eet, he ‘who lives
or dwells in a place’, Edw. Chip.
ahyah, he is (in a place), John 6, 9; 8,
35, 40; tah ahydh, he shall be (there),
John 12, 26; (ahneende aindahyun, where
dwellest thou? 1, 38); suppos. adhydyon,
while Iam (here), 9,5; ahy-dd, (where)
he is, 7,11. Cree, net ian, ‘I am being
istent’; 7-éw, i-doo, he is, ete.;

2
Oo.
24:
24
24,

or e%

inan. i-6w, it is, ete.; suppos. 7-7-dm, or |

j-a-ydan, if Iam, ete.; 7-dt, if he is, ete.
(i-d-thit, if he is, in relation to another).
Howse (136, 198) regards this as ‘‘the
verb substantive in its absolute form,”’

[BULLETIN 25

ayeu—continued.
and Schooleraft (11, 436-441) gives the
whole conjugation of the corresponding
Chip. verb, ‘‘i-e-au, to be,”
stantive verb. ]

ayeuwehteau, y. i. he
makes war, engages in war, fights; im-
perat. ayeuhtediiash, make war, do bat-
tle, fight, Prov. 20,18. Vbl. n. ayeuh-
teaonk, ayeuwut-, war, a battle; pl.
-ongash, Job 10, 17. N. agent. ayeu-
teaen, -in, one who fights or makes war,
Josh. 17, 1; 1 Sam. 16, 18. Cf. San-
skrit yudh (pret. dyutsi), pugnare; cum
acc., impugnare; dyudha, arma.

[Narr. (imperat. 2d pl.) jithetteke,
fight; (Ist pl.) jahettittea, let us fight.
Muh. (suppos.) o/oteet, the man who
fights, Edw. Abn. ai&dsak, ils com-
battent; ned-aSd8aiimain, je combats
contre lui.
tacks him. ]

ayeuqueiik, pl. -queagig, he who is op-
posed, an adversary. See dmque.

ayeuteaontmwaonk, ybl. n. an alarm
of war, Jer. 4, 19. (From ayeuhteau,
and ontawaonk, calling out, shouting. )

{ Narr. “tis
an alarm’; wawwhawtowduog, they hal-
loo, shout, R. W.]

ayeuiihkonaii, v. t. an. he goes against,
makes war on (him), Ps. 18, 34; 144, 1.
With inan. subj. wun-nutcheg ayeuuh-
koneau, his hand is against, opposes
(him), Gen. 16, 12; suppos. an. ayauh-
konont, when he goes to war with
(him), Luke 14, 31. Ady. and adj.
ayevuhkone, against, in opposition, Proy,
17, 11; Luke 10, 11; (mutual) ayeuuwh-
konittue, in mutual or reciprocal op-
position, reciprocally against, Matt.
10, 35.

as a sub-

Cree ootéetendyoo, he at-

wauwhatlowawdnawat,

| ayim, ayum, v. t. he makes (it), Ex.

37, 1; Ps. 78, 16; pl. ayimwog, they
make (nutt iyam, I make, C.); with an.
obj. ayéuait ahtompeh, he makes a bow
(but ayim kéuhquodtash, he makes ar-
rows); suppos. noh ayik, ayig, he who
makes (it), the maker. Pass. inan.
ayima, it is made; pret. ayima-up, it was
made, ‘it became’, John 1, 14; particip.
ayimeoun, made, built, Deut.13,16. [Is
this, in fact, a y. t. inan. corresponding
to ayeu, he places it?]

TRUMBULL]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 21

Ch

[Eliot did not use the letter c, “

R. Williams with ¢ hard will be found under k.]

chachepisste.
wildly.

chadchabenun, y. t. he divides (it),
Job 26, 12. Freq. of chippinum, q. v.

chadchabenumoonk, chacha-, ybl. n.
a (permanent or continuing) division,
a bound-mark, Hos. 5, 10.

chadchapenuk, (when) he divided (to
the nations), i. e. set the bounds, ete.,
Deut. 8.

See *chatchepisstie,

32,

chadchekeyeuay, y. i. he speaks vehe- |

mently; (used by Eliot for) he swears.
[‘‘The word we make for swearing
signifieth to speak yehemently,’’ Gr.
21.] More exactly, to be vehement;
the freq. or augment. of cheke-yeu, it is
violent, vehement. Imperat. -yewash,
swear thou, Deut. 10, 20; suppos. chad-
chekeyeuadt, if he swear, Ley.5,4. Vbl.
n. -yeuwdonk, swearing, an oath, Ley.
5, +. See chekee.

chagohtag, chik-, suppos. of chikohteau,

it burns.
chagwas, chauguas, pron. interrog. and

relative, what, Matt. 5, 46; 6, 25. See
leaguas; leagwe.
[Quir. chagwun, that which; pl.

chawgwunsh, Pier. Abn. kég8 ds8, qu’y
a-t-il? qu’est-ce que c’est?; kég8i kesi,
que yeux tu dire? Cree kékoo, what?
kékwan, something, anything, whatso-
eyer, what? Chip. kdgoo, what? any-
thing, ete. ]

*chah, inter].
quah.

fie upon it! C. See
[Cree eh! che! ‘expressive of surprise
and disappointment.’
pshaw! Bar. ]
chahquog. See chohquog, a knife.
chanantam, y. i. he doubts, is doubtful;
-tamwog, they doubt, Matt. 28, 17 (nut-

chandntam, 1 doubt; ahque chanantah,

Chip. s2, shame!

do not doubt me, ‘you may take it for |

granted’, C.).

*chanisshau, y. i. he reels or staggers
(like a drunken man), C. Vbl. n.
(augm.) chachannisshaonk, staggering,
reeling.

chechequnaii.

saving in ch, of which there is frequent use in the language,”’ and
he gave to ch the name of chee (with the sound of ch in cheat, cheese), Gr. 2, 3.

Words written by

chansomps, n. ‘the locust’, Joel 1, 4;
2, 25; pl. -swog, 2.Chr. 6, 28; but ‘grass-
hopper’, Judg. 7, 12; Jer. 46, 23; Nah.
Opelids The word
‘locust’ is transferred without transla-
tion in Ley. 11, 22; Matt. 3, 4. chon-
somps, locust, Mass. Ps., Ps. 78, 46; chdns

Cf. quaquequeshont.

sops quoshau, ‘a grasshopper jumps’, C.
[Abn. tzaiires; pl. -sak, sauterelles,
Rasles; chdls, cricket, K. A.]
*chatchepisstie, chach-, ady. wildly;
chatchepissu, [he is} wild (?), C.
chaubohkish, ‘except, or, besides’, El.
Gr. 22; 1 K. 10,15; Judg. 8, 26.

chippi, separate, apart.

From

(Isit primarily
a plural? nish chaubuk-ish, these things
apart? )

chauguas.

chauohpuhteau, y. caus. inan. he puts
it in water; imperat. chauohpuhteash om,
‘cast thou [into the water] an hook’,
Matt. 17,

chauopham, y. t. he puts into water;
hence boils (it):
weyus, he boiled the flesh, 1 Ix. 19, 21.
Cf. towopham.

See chagwas, what.

27.

he seethes or

[Narr. chowwophémmin, to cast over-
board; chowwophash, cast (thou it) over-
board. Abn. tsa8a‘ps, il est jetté dans

Veau. |
chauopsheau, y. i. falls into the

water (by mischance, -sh), Matt. 17, 15;

chauopshash, ‘be thou cast into [i. e.

cast thyself into] the sea’, Matt. 21, 21.

[Abn. ne-tza8a‘pira, je tombe dans

Peau; tza8apirré, il tombe, ete. ]
*Chduquaquock (Narr.), Englishmen.

See Chokquog.
chedouash, cheouash(?), n. pl.

branches or shoots (of a vine, Gen. 40,

LONU2) is

he

See chequnaii.

*checout, chequit, n. the name of a fish
(Labrussqueteage, Mitch.) From choh-
ki, spotted (?).

cheeby.

chéke, chechéke, adv. slowly, Prov. 14,

29; Neh. 9, 17; late (in the day or

See *chepy.

22 BUREAU
chéke, chechéke—continued.
lotked U5 Less WATE, NYE
it is late, a long time: newutch cheku,
‘after a long time’, Matt. 25, 19. See
chequnappu, ete.
[Narr. wussaume tatsha, it is too late
(in the day or night). ]
chekee, ady. violently, Hab. 1, 9; Is.
18 [chekeyeu, v.i. it is violent, vehement,
forcible; frequent. and intens. chadche-
keyeu; with an. subj. -keyeaii, q. v.];
chekee usseonk, doing violently, an act

99

22,

of violence, Is. 59, 6; (chekewde, forci-

bly, C.) See chequnaii.
[Abn. tsigaii8i8i, malgré, 4 contre-
cceur; par force. ]
chekeenehtuonk, vbl. n. pass. for -i/tu-
onk, violence (suffered), Hab. 1, 3 (che-
keittinne-at, to be compelled, C.?).
chekehéaii, v. caus. an. (1) he forces, uses
force with or on (him).

wae, I compel, C.).

*chékesu (Narr.), the northwest wind;
suppos. chékesitch, when it blows north-
west, R.W. Cf. wut-chekswau, north-
westward. From chekeyeu, it is violent.

*Chekesuwand, n. pr. ‘the [north-]
western god’, R. W.

cheketammonk (?), vbl. n. rebellion,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

i. chekeu, cheku, |

{

(2) he ravishes |
(her), 2 Sam. 13, 22; wut-chekehé-uh, he |
forced her, 2 Sam. 13, 14 (nut-chekeyeu- |

Prov. 17, 11 (cheketamée, rebellious, C.). |

chekham, y. t. he sweeps (it); nut-chek-
ham-un, I sweep it, Is. 14, 23 (nut-
jeeskham, I wipe, C.). Suppos. inan.

chekhikunk, (it sweeps, ) a broom, Is. 14, |

23 (checonnachatéonk, C.). Seejiskham.
[Abn. tsikkéhigan, balai; ne-tsikekéhém-
en SigSam, je balaye la cabane. Chip.
nin tchigatdige, 1 sweep; tchigatdigan,
broom, Bar. Del. to
sweep; tschikhikan, broom, Zeisb. ]
chekhaiisu, -6su, v.i. act. an. hesweeps,
is sweeping; pass. it is swept, wiped,
Luke, 11, 25; Matt. 12, 44.
cheku, ‘after a long time’, Matt. 25,
19 [?].
chemaii, y. i. he paddles or rows (a
boat); menuhke chemdog, they paddle
hard, with exertion; ‘toil in rowing’,
Mark 6, 48; suppos. noh chemdit, pl. neg
chemacheg, they who paddle, who ‘ han-
dle the oar’, Ezek. 27, 29.
[Narr. chémosh (imperat.
paddle, row; pl. chémeck.

tschikhammen,

2d sing.),

Chip. che-

[BULLETIN 25

chemaii—continued.
mai, he paddles; imperat. 2d sing. chi-
main (chemaun, a canoe), Sch. 11, 387;
tchiman, canoe, Bar. Del. tschimacan,
a paddle, Zeisb. ]

*chenauosue, adj. (an.) churlish, cross,
Cott. ,

chenesit, (suppos. of chenesu?) a dwarf,
Ley. 21, 20.

cheouash. See chéaouash.

chepaiyeuonk, ybl. n. freedom, Acts 22,
28. See chippe.

*chepeck (Narr.), a dead person. See

*ehepy.

*chepéssin (Narr.), the northeast wind,
R.W. See wutchepwoiyeu (in the east) ;
wutchepwosh (the east wind). The
cold northeast was perhaps assigned to
Chepy and the spirits of evil, as was
sowaniu, the pleasant southwest, to
Kautdntowit.

*chepewaukitatiog (Narr. ), vy. pl. ‘they
fly northward’ [i. e. to the northeast],
R.W.; =chepwoi-uhk-it aiiog.

chepiohke [chippi, ohke], n. the place
apart, place of separation; chepioh-
komuk, the inclosed place [komuk] of
separation, hades, hell, Deut. 32, 22;
Rey. 6, 8; 20, 13; Is. 14,9. With locat.
aflix, chepiohk-it, chepiohkomuk-qut.

[Del. tschipey-achgink, ‘the world of
spirits, spectres, or ghosts’, Hkw. ]
chepiontup [chippi, ontup], n. a skull,
Matt. 27, 33. Cf. mishkonéntup.
[Abn. tsipanaiitep, téte de mort. ]
chepisk. See chippipsk.

chepshaii, v. i. he is astonished, amazed,
frightened, Dan. 4, 19 (chepshi, Is.
50, 7); pl. -dog, Mark 5, 42; Job 32, 15;
Dan. 5,9. Ady. chepsde, in astonish-
ment, in amazement, amazedly, Ezra
9, 3; Ezek. 4,16. Vbl. n. chepshaonk,
astonishment, Deut. 28, 37;2 Chr. 29, 8.

[Abn. tsibaghinaiigSat, cela est effroy-
able. ] z
chepshontam,, y. t. he fears or is amazed

at (it); pret. nuk-chepshontamup, I was
astonished at (it), Dan. 8, 27.

*chepy, cheeby (Peq.), ‘evil spirit, or
deyil,’ Stiles. ‘‘Abbamocho or Cheepie
many times smites them with incurable
diseases, scares them with apparitions
and panic terrors,’’ ete., Josselyn’s
Voy., 183. From a letter of Hecke-
welder’s (quoted in 2 Mass. Hist. Coll.,

TRUMBULL]

*chepy, cheeby—continued. |
x, 147) it appears that the correspond- |
ing Delaware word (tschipey) ‘had been |
made use of, even by missionaries, who
knew no better,’’ for ‘‘the soul or spirit
in man’’; ause, he adds, which ‘‘none
of our old converted Indians would
suffer.’ The word is, in fact, only
another form of chippe (q. v.), it is sep-
arate, or apart; chippeu, (1) he separates
or goes apart; hence, (2) he is dead or
separated (from the living); pl. chip-
peog (Narr. chepeck), they are separated,
the dead; (3) a specter, ghost, or ap-
parition of one deceased; something
separated, and preternatural, as manit
(from dnue) is something supernatural.

[Narr. chépeck (pl.), the dead; chep- |
assélam, the dead sachem; chep-asquaw,
a dead woman. Abn. tsebiSi, séparé-
ment, Rasles (chibai, ghost, K. A.). Del.
tschipey. Nanticoke, tsee-e-p, ghost,
dead man. ]

chequit. See *checout.

chequnappu, vy. i. (1) he sits still, is at
rest; (2) he keeps silence, he is quiet; pl.
-puog, Judg. 16, 2; Ex. 15, 16; 2 K.7, 4;
imperat. 2d sing. chekunapsh, be still,
Mark 4, 39; 2d pl. -appek, be ye still,
Ps. 46, 10; nanepaushadt chequnappu, |
‘the moon stayed’, Josh. 10, 13; and
nepauz chequnappeup, ‘the sun stood
still’, ibid. (nut-chequnnap, I am silent,
C.) From chéke and dppu.

{[Abn. ne-tsikdpi, je me tais, taceo;
tsigi8i, sans rien dire, en silence. ]

chequnaii, chechequnaii, y. t. an. he
takes by violence from (him), he robs |
(him): neg chechekqunukqueaneg pish |
chechequnaog (pass.), ‘they that prey |
upon thee will I give for a prey’ (they
who rob thee shall be robbed), Jer.
30, 16. >|

[Narr. aquie chechequnnuwash, do not |
rob me; suppos. pl. chechequnnuwachick,
robbers; pass. chechequnnittin, there is |
a robbery committed. Abn. tsigaii8i8i,
par force, malgré. ]

chequnikompaii, y. i. he stands still; |
pl. -paog, -poog, 2 Sam. 2, 23; imper. 2d |
sing. chequnikompaush, stand thou still,
Josh. 10, 12; and indice. chequnikompau,
(he) stood still, vy. 13 [where it was
mistaken for the preceding substantive, |
nepauz, ‘sun,’ by Adelung, who in the |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

23

chequnikompaii—continued.
Mithridates (3 Th., 3° Abth., p. 388)
has given a place among words of the
“Naticks, nach Elliott’’ to ‘chequikom-
puh, Sonne.’ Cf. nanepaushadt chequn-
appu, ‘the moon stayed’, v.13]. From
chéke and ~ kompait.

chequnussin, y. i. he lies still;
nutchequnussin, I would lie still, Job
3, 13.

chequodwehham, y. caus. inan. he
shaves (it) off, cuts (it) off (makes clean
by cutting; caus. of chekodtam, y. t.
inan.; cf. chekham, he sweeps or wipes);
chequodwehhamwog up-puhkukoash, they
shave their heads (withnegat., Ezek. 44,
20). With an. obj. chequodtweyaheait
nashpe chequodtweyaheg, he shaves (him)
with a razor, Is. 7, 20 (chequddweehquog,
razor, C.).

chequttummo, vy. i. he roars (as a lion
or wild beast); pl. -wmwog, Jer. 51, 38.

[Abn. zaskadém8, (le chien) jappe. ]

chétaeu, y. i. it is stiff. As adj.
missittupuk, astiff neck, Ps. 75,5. Caus.
inan. chelauwehteau, he stiffens, makes
(it) stiff, 2 Chr. 36,13. Intr. (adj. an.)
chetaiiesu, he is stiff, unyielding (nut-
chetaues, I am stiff, C.).

chetanunaii, v. t. an. he supports (him);
imperat. 2d pl. chetanunmk nochum-
wesitcheg, ‘support ye the weak’, 1
Thess. 5, 14.

chetimaii, y. t. he compels (him), 2 Chr.
21, 11; wut-chetim-o-uh, they compelled
him, Matt. 27, 32 (nut-chetimtiwam, Iam
urgent, C.).

chetuhquab, n. a crown, Cant. 3,
Isy28; 3: ;

[Abn. tsi‘tokkSébiar, parures, soit de

cou, soit de téte. ]

woh

I;

’

| *chichduquat (Narr. ), itis day [-break],

R. W. 67.
[Abn. tsé‘k8at, il est jour, jour com-
mence. ]
*chichégin (Narr.), a hatchet, R. W.
*chickot (Narr.), fire (chikkoht, C.).
From chekee and ohteau, it rages, is yio-
lent. See chikohteau.
chikkindsuog, n. pl. sparks of fire; with
notde (of fire), Job 41, 19; Is. 50, 11.
chikkup, n. a cedar, Is. 44, 14; pl. -pog,
Ps. 148, 9 (utchukktippemis, cedar, C.).
Adj. and adv. chikkuppée, of cedar, 1 K.
5, 8.

24 BUREAU
chikkup—continued.
(Chip. jingwak, pine tree, Bar.; shin
gwaik, Sch. }
chikohteau, vy. i. it burns, as a fire ora
torch, Ex. 3, 2; Deut. 5, 23; Jer. 7, 20;
pret. natau chikohtop, the fire burned,
Ps, 39, 3; suppos. ne chdgohtag, that
From chekee
and ohteau, it is (by nature, inherently )

which burns, Gen, 15, 17.

violent, it rages, is fierce.
[Narr. chickot (chikkoht, C.), fire. ]
chikosum, chikkohsun,, vy. t. he burns
(it), Ex. 40, 27; Is. 44, 16; with an. obj.
-sait; wut-chikoss-oh, he burned (him),
Ley. 9,11. From chekee, with the form-
ative (-sum, an. -saii) of verbs denoting
the action of heat. Vbl. n. act. chik-
késuonk, a burning, Ley. 10, 6; Is. 9,5;
vbl. n. chikkéswuthionk,
burned, a burn, Ex. 21, 25.
chipappu, v. i. (1) he remains apart,
separate, Proy. 19, 4; from chippi and
dppu. (2) he is free, at liberty (1. e.
separated or apart from any tribe, not
the subject of any sachem); chipappw
she at liberty to
marry, 1 Cor. 7, 39. Cf. *chepy. ,
[Narr. chippdpuock, the Pleiades, i. e.
they sit apart, form a group by them-
selves. ]
chipohke, n. -land

pass.

mwelauomonat, is

not oceupied;, en

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

being |

|
|
|

chipohk-it, ‘into aland: not inhabited’, |

99

Lev. 16, 22. From chippe and ohke,
separate or free land.

*chippachausin, it divides (as a path
where it forks), R. W. From chippeu.

chippe, -pi, (it is) separated, apart;
chippe ayeuonk, the separate place, Ezek.
41,13. Ady. and adj. chippiyeue, Ezek.
41, 12; 42, 1,10, 13. [For derivatives
see chepy, chepiohke, chepiontup, ete.]
Vbl. n. chipaiyeuonk, separation, free-
dom. Asn. a part, a portion; pinkque
chippi, a tenth part, Ex. 16, 36. Cf.
chonchippe.

[Abn. tsebi8i, tsatsébi8i, tzatzébi8i, sép-
arément.
tschetsch-pi, asunder, apart, Zeisb.]

chippehtam, v. t. he makes (it) separate,
keeps (it) apart, Num. 6, 2; with an.
obj. -ehtaiiaii; suppos. chapehtaiiont,
Heb. 7, 26.

chippesu. See chippissu.

chippeu, v. i. he separates himself, goes
apart, Num. 6, 12; Gal. 2, 12; suppos.

Del. tspiwi, tspat, separately; |

|

[BULLETIN 25

chippeu—continued.
noh chapit, he who separates himself;
pl. neg chapécheg, Ezra 6, 21; Jude 19;
freq. with inan. subj.
-pemm, it divides, marks separation
(or pass. is divided, Hos. 10, 2); im-
perat. chadchapemmud), let it divide
(one thing from another, Gen. 1, 6).
As ady. wut-chadchaube ponamun, he
put it dividingly or for separation, Gen.
1,4. Perhaps this last form should be
referred to a freq. or augm. of chipappu,
q. V-
chippi.
chippinehteau, y. caus. (inan. subj.) it
causes or effects separation. Vbl. n.
chippinutunk, that which separates, a
wall, Ezek. 42, 20 (a hedge, C.).
chippinetu, y. i. he is born free; nut-
chippenetip, | was born free, Acts 22, 28.
chippinnin, n. a free man, Rey. 6, 15:
-inninnu, he isa free man; sunnummatta

chadchapeu;

See *chepy.
See chippe.

nut-chippinninnu-@, am not I free? 1

Cor. 9, 1; suppos. pass. chapininnimit,

when he is freed, ‘being free’, 1 Cor.

7,22. Lit. aman apart, not subject to

any sachem or master. Cf. missinnin,
a captive.

chippinum, y. t. he separates (it), puts
it apart. From chippi, with character-
istie (-nwm) of action performed by the
hand.
chippinum], he separates permanently

Augm. chadchaubenum [=cha-

or authoritatively, establishes a divi-
sion; with inan. subj. -ma, it estab-
lishes a division, it divides. Vbl. n.
-ummonk, -umdéonk, a dividing, a bound-
mark; -monk, -an@wonk, a separation of
animate beings, a tribe, Judg. 21, 3;
Heb. 7,18. With an. obj. chippinaii, he
separates or parts (them); imperat.
2d sing. chippin, Gen. 13, 9; pl. -innawk,
Num. 31, 27; suppos. chapunont, when
he parts (them), Num. 6, 5; Proy.
18, 1.

chippipsk, chepisk, n. a [single or de-
tached?] rock, or crag; for chippi-ompsk;
ut chippipsqut, on the rocks, Acts 27, 29.

[Narr. machipscat, a stony path; i. e.

may-chippisk-ut. ]

chippishinneuhtugk(’), n. a bush, Job
ALOE 7/3 EL i USE

chippissu, -esu, v. adj. an. he is sep-
arate, apart; pl. -suog, a people, a dis-
tinct race, Gen. 25, 23.

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 25

chippohteau, y. i. he is (habitually, | chohkésu—continued.

by custom) separate; he keeps apart. | (2) he has a blemish, or deformity,
Vbl. n. chippwtaonk, a keeping apart, | Ley. 21, 21,28. Suppos. chohkesit, when
separation, Ley. 12, 5. | heis spotted; pl. ney chohkesitcheg (freq.
chipwuttonapwaii, v. t. an. he kisses chohchohk-), they who are spotted, Gen.

(him); chipwodtam, v. t. inan. he kisse:

s| 30, 32, 39.

(it); wut-chipwuttonap-oh, he kisses | [Del. chi qua su, patched, Zeisb. ]
him, Gen. 27, 27; wut-chipwodtam- | *chohki, (a point) a minute, C. (=chogq).
unkquoh wusseetash, she kissed (to him) | chohk@waonk (?), vbl. n. a sting[ing],

his feet, Luke 7, 38 (nut-chipwuttonap, 1 Cor. 15, 55, 56; chohkuhha, a sting, C.
I kiss, C.). chohkushik, (suppos. as) n. ‘a jot’, a
[Abn. Stsédamen, il le baise. ] point, a speck, Matt. 5,18; Luke 16, 17.
chishkham. ‘See jiskham, he wipes | chohquog, chahquog, n. a knife, Gen.
(it). 22, 6; Judg. 19, 29; pl. -gash (ef. keneh-
chiskenitchéhhou, n. a towel, John 13, quog, a sharp knife, under kénav); kenag
5; that which wipes the hands, or chahquog, a sharp razor, Ps. 52, 2.
with which the hand is wiped. From [Narr. chaviqock (for -quock?). Abn.
chishkham and nuteh, with the inan:in- | — ntsé‘kSak8, couteau; pl.-ag8r. Menom.
strum. formative -dhhou. ahshaykon. |
*chégan (Narr.), a blackbird; pl. cho- | *Chokquog, Chogqussuog, n. pl. Eng-
ganéuck, R. W. lishmen, CC. ‘‘Englishmansog asuh
[Peq. auchugyese; massowyan, Stiles. Chohkquog,”’ title-page of Indian laws,
Abn. tsSgheres; tsSgheresk8, étourneau, | 1709. ‘They call Englishmen Chdu-
Rasles; modern Abn. chog-liiskw, K. A. quaquock, that is, Knife-men’”’, R. W.
Del. ischoquali, blackbird, Zeisb. ] Bile

choggq, n. a spot, a bit, a small piece (for [Abn. ntsékSaksi, he has a knife. ]
‘farthing’, Matt. 5, 26). For chohki | chonchippe, besides (praeter), Is. 44, 6,

or chihki, (it is) like a point or spot. 8; 1 K. 22, 7. For chachippe (chad-
Cf. kodchuki. Suppos. inan. chohkag,a | chaube?), as implying separation, ‘that
spot,a blemish; wompe chohkag, a bright apart’, besides. See chippe. The Mass.
spot, Ley. 13, 4, 19. | Ps. has chippe, ‘save’ (besides, except-

[Cree, chdi-chachagow, it is striped. ] ing), Ps. 18, 31.

Chogqussuog. See *Chokquog. chochowaog, n. pl.-quails, Ex. 16, 13
*chogset. See *cachauxel, under K. (but ‘guailsog’, transferred, Num. 11,
chohchohkag (freq. of chohkag, a spot), | 31). See *paupock.

that which is spotted, or marked with | chuh, interj. ho! look! chuh, ken, qush-

spots, Jude 23. See chogq. | kish, ‘ho! sucha one [thou], turn aside,’
chohchohkésu, y. adj. an. (freq. of Ruth 4, 1.

chohkésu) he is spotted, blemished. | chuhchunkquttohhdm, vy. t. he knocks

VbL. n. -eswonk, a spot, mark, or blem- | at or upon (it); nut- , I knock (at

ish, Jer. 13, 23. the door, Rey. 3, 20). For chuh, chuh,
*chohchunkquttahham. See chuhchunk- quttuhham, he makes a measured chuh
quttohham, he knocks. chuh, or call of attention(?). Cf. (Narr. ):

chohkésu, vy. adj. an. (1) he is spotted; popowultéhig, a drum, R. W.
pl. mohmme chohkésuog, they are thickly | *chunko, n. an oyster, C. See oppon-
spotted, ‘speckled’, Gen. 31, 10, 12. enaihock.

EH

*eachimmineash, n. pl. (Indian) corn, | éhtai. See aétai, on (at) both sides.

|
C. See weatchiminneash. | eiantogkonaiiaii, y. t. an. he mocks at
*eatawus (Narr. ), itis old, said of cloth; (him). See ééntéhkonauonat.
eataiibana, old traps. *eiassunck and wiaseck (Narr.), a
ehhoh, interj. ‘of exhorting or encoura- knife, R.W. Peq. wiyauzzege, Stiles.

ging’, El. Gr. 21, 22. eiydne (june, Mass. Ps.), of divers sorts.

26 BUREAU
eiydne—continued.
or kinds; all sorts of; of every kind;
mache eiyane wine, ‘store of all sorts of
wine’, Neh. 5, 18; wame eiyane, all
kinds of, Dan. 3, 15; iydn-askehtuash,
many (divers kinds of) medicines, Jer.

46,11. See unne.
elyomp, n. a male deer, a buck. See
ahtuk.

en, prep. to, toward (after verbs of mo-
tion), Ley. 21, 6; Acts 10, 32.

-en, -enin, the formative of verbals de-
noting the active subject, male (nomen
agentis), represents -ninnu (nnin, enin,
k. W.), a male, man.
(-énin=-én-unne) is the general or in-

definite form, e. g. adcha-u, he hunts; |

adcha-en, he who is hunting, as dis-
tinguished from one who may be hunt-
ing or who habitually hunts (suppos.
an. noh adcha-nont) game; adchaénin
(pl. -eninnu-og), anyone whois hunting,
some hunter; usse-u, agit; suppos. noh
dse-it, qui (quum) agit, or aget; n. agent.
usse-a-en, ille agens.
agens. See *nnin.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

The second |

usseaén-in, qui |

(BULLETIN 25

*énada (Narr.), seven (envtta tahshe, M.
V. Rec.).

*enewdshim (Narr.), a male (beast).
See ninnu; nomposhim.

*enin (Narr.), aman. See *nnin.

enneapeyau (unne-), y. i. he sojourns.
Cf. namshpeyau; imperat. ennedpeyaush
yeu ohke, ‘sojourn in this land’, Gen. 26,
3; unneapeyonat, to sojourn (here), Gen.
47, 4; suppos. part. (pl.) dneapeoncheg,
(who are) strangers, sojourners, Ley. 25,
45; (sing. ) anyeapeont, v. 403 anea-, v. 47.

enninnedonk, ybl. n. a pestilence, con-
tagious or infectious disease; Ley. 13,
44, 46; Num. 11, 33; Jer. 29, 17 (en
ninnu-og, émi SAyos, an epidemic?).
See wésaushdonk, the pestilence or yel-
low disease.

*ennomai. See wnnomidi, a reason.

*eteaussonk(?), pl. -kash, knives, C. Cf.
*evassunck.

*ewo (Narr.), pron. 3d sing. he, she;
awaun ewd, who is that? ewd manit,
this God; ewd uekqushdnchick, they who
fear him, R. W. See yeuoh; noh; -w-.
It is properly a demonstrative.

Ep

hahanehtam, v. t. he laughs at (it), Job
41, 29; -ehtaiiaii, he laughs at (him),
Job 9, 23; suppos. ahanehtauont, when
he laughs at or mocks (him), Proy. 30,
ie

hahdnu, ahdnu (-nou), y. i. he laughs,
Gen. 17, 17; 18, 12; Ps. 2,4; matta nut-

ahanu, I do not laugh; pret. kut-ahdnup, |

thou didst laugh, Gen. 18, 15; toh-
wutch hahanit (suppos. ), wherefore does
she laugh? y. 13; ahquompi adt ahani-
muk (suppos. inan. or supine), ‘a time
to laugh’, Eccl. 3, 4.

[Narr. ahdnu, he laughs; pl. -uock;
tawhitch ahdnean (suppos.), why dost
thou laugh? Menom. ah-y-ah-nen, to
laugh. Shawn. ah-ydi-lee.]

hahanuonk, ahan-, vbl. n. laughing,
laughter, Job 8, 21; Eeel. 7, 3 (ahhanii-
onk, ahanshaonk, C.).

hashabp, hashab, n. (1) a net, Micah
7, 2; Luke 5, 5; pl. hashabpog, Ezek.
47, 10; Hab. 1, 16 (dshdp, pl. -appog,
C.). (2) vegetal fiber or fibrous ma-
terial used for making thread or cord;

hashabp, hashaéb—continued.
hashabpog, ‘flax’ (the plant, when in
the field), Ex. 9, 31; hashabp, flax (pre-
pared), Judg. 15, 14; ‘tow,’ Is. 43, 17;
hashabpe tuttuppun, a tow thread, Judg.
16, 9; hashabp-onak, linen cloth, Mark
14, 51 (hashaponag, Ex. 35, 25). (8) a
spider’s web, i. e. net, Job 8, 14; Is. 59,
5. ‘Les sauvages racontent que ce fut
Michabou qui apprit 4 leurs ancétres a
pecher, qu’il inventa les Réts, et que
ce fut la toile d’araignée qui lui en
donna l’idée.’’—Charlevoix, 11, 282.

[Narr. ashop, ‘their nets;’ ashdppock,

hemp; masatinock, flax (Canada net-
tle?), R. W. Abn. rhdpe, filets, rets;
sftag8k, espéce de chanyre dont on fait
des rets (taghenaik, lechanyre). Chip.
assab, pl. -big, nets. ]

hashabuhtuggq, -bpuhtugg(?) (/hash-
abpuhtugg, flax-wood), n. stalks of
flax, Josh. 2, 7; a distaff, Prov. 31, 19.

hashonuko, n. a hat; pl. hashwnuka-
unash, their hats, Dan. 3, 21.

[Narr. ashénaquo, or saunketippo, a

cap or hat, R. W.]

-

TRUMBULL]

hasinnekoiis. See asinnekdiis.
hassun, n. a stone; hussun, pl. -nash, El.
Gr. 10; dim. hassunémes, a little stone,
ib. p. 12; pl. -sash, little stones, ‘gravel’,
Prov. 20, 17.
to pierce, to cut (?).
[Chip. assin, pl. -nig (inan.), Bar.;

ossin, assin, pl. (an.) -neen, Sch. Cree |
|
Del. achsun,

assinnee; Aimin. assinnis.
Zeisb. ]

hassunekéaz. See assinnekdiis.

hassunnek, -negk, n. a cave, Gen. 23,
17,20. (That which covers? Cf. hasho-
nuka@, a hat.)

hassunneutunk, n. a (stone) wall, Jer.
51, 44; Ezek. 13, 12.

*hawunshech (Narr. ), farewell, R. W.

hennaii, hennou, dahunou, vy. t. an. he
calls him (by a name or appellation;
appellat. Cf. ussowenaii, he calls him
by his name, nominat); pass. he is

From a word signifying |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

called: pish hennow Ishah, ‘she shall be |

called Woman’, Gen. 2, 23; pish hennau
magaénin, ‘he shall be ealled Bountiful’
(i. e. the Giver), Is. 32, 5; suffix form
wuttinuh, appellat eum, he addresses
him, he calls him: David naguin wut-
tinuh [=wut-henna-uh?| — num-Manit-
tom, ‘David himself calleth him [my]
Lord’, Mark 12, 37; toh kuttehenit, ‘what
art thou called?’ Gen. 32, 27; noh ahhenit
(ahhunut, Mass. Ps.) he who is called,
John 9, 11; suppos. dhunont, when he
calls, when calling (him), 1 Pet. 3, 6.

Mutual or reciprocal hettuog, they call |
one another, they address one another, |

Gen. 11, 3.

Vbl. n. hettoowonk, hettu- |

onk, mutual address, language, speech, |

Gen. 11, 1. See ahenit.

[Narr. tuhéna [=toh hennav], ‘what |

is his name?’ how is he ealled?]

hettam, v.
hettamun, it is ealled [ef. ussoowettam, he
names (it); wssa@mvettamun, itis named];
pl. hettamwog, they call (it), Ps. 49, 11;
pass. wmwesuonk hettamun, his name is
ealled, Luke 2, 21; heltamun, it is called,
Gen. 2, 11, 14; Is. 56, 7.

[Narr. tahéttamen [=toh hettamun],
what is this called?]

-hk. See ~-k-.

*Hobbamoco, n. ‘their evil God,’ Lech-
ford’s Pl. Dealing, 52. ‘‘That we sup-
pose their Devil, they call Habamouk,”’
Capt. J. Smith (1631). ‘‘ Abamocho or

t. inan. he calls (it); pass. |

27

*Hobbamoco—continued.
Cheepie,”’? Josselyn Voy. (See chepy.)
“In the night . . . they will not budge
from their own dwellings for fear of
their Abamocho (the Devil) whom they
much fear.’’—Wood’s N. E. Prospect,
pt. 2, ch. 8. ‘‘Whom they [the In-
dians near Plymouth] call Hobbamock,
and to the northward of us, Hobbamo-
qui; this, as far as we can conceive, is
the Devil.’’—E. Winslow’s Rel. (1624).

| -hog, -hogk, n. (1) body, corpus, that

which is external or which covers the
living man or animal. For hogki (it
covers), or hogkw (he covers himself,
Wears as covering). With impers. pre-
fix, muhhog, the (any) body; pl. muh-
hogkwog, El. Gr. 9. (2) the person;
with the prefixed pronouns it has the
force of ipse; nuhhog [wv hog], my body,
or myself, ego ipse; kuhhog, thy body,
thyself; wuhhog, his body, himself.

(Narr. nohdck, my body; wuhdck, the
body (i. e. his body). Abn. nhaghé,
Shaghé, mon, son corps. Del. hackey,
Zeisb. Cree weydw, the body; ne-ydw,
my body, myself. ]

hogki, y. i. it covers, or serves as a cov-
ering; as n. wuh-hogki, pl. wuh-hogkiash,
the scales (of a fish), Job 41, 15; sup-
pos. wuh-hogkiit, if it have (that which
has) scales; pl. neg wuh-hogkiitcheg, they
which have scales, Ley. 11,9 ( with inan.
or impers. subj. wuhhogkiegig, v. 10).
So, wuh-hogki, a shell (wohhogke, C.).
Cf. Engl. shell, scale; Germ. schale;
Greek Kodeds, 6kDAor.

[Narr. suckaithock [sucki-wuhhogki],
black-shell money, R.W. Abn. Sara-
haghé, écaille de poisson. ]

hogko, vy. i. he clothes or covers him-
self; with inan. subj., it is a covering, it
clothes; sometimes y. t. he wears (or
is covered by) it, Proy. 23, 21; Ezek.
9, 2; Ps. 93, 1; imperat. 2d pl. hogkwk,
‘put ye on’, clothe yourselves with,
Eph. 6, 11; suppos. an. hogqut, dqut,
agquit, when he wears, or is clothed
with, Ps. 109, 18; 68, 13; Dan. 12, 7;
dqut, agquit, that which he wears, which
“aon him Geno, 255) L Ke 11, 30:
Vbl. n. hogkwonk, clothing, a garment,
Num. 31, 20; Proy. 30, 4; pl. -ongash
(aukmonk, C.). With a subst. express-
ing the thing worn or put on, hogkun-
num, v. t. he puts (it) on.

ne

28

hogka—continued.

[Narr. acéh, ‘their deer skin’, which |
serves for clothing [=hogkw]; ocquash |
[=hogkush, El.], put on; aihaqut, a |

mantle (i. e. what he wears). Del.

achgunnau, he is clothed; e hach quit,

his cloth; e hach quink, clothing,
Zeisb. ]

hogkochin. See ogkachin.

hohkon. See ohkan, a dressed skin.

hohpaheau, y. i. (caus.) he humbles
himself, 2 Chr. 32, 26; Ps. 10, 10; makes
himselfsmall(?). Cf. péeheau, he makes
him small, or low (see péii); suppos.
howan hohpaheont, whoso humbleth
himself, Matt. 18, 4.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25.

| *hominey—continued.

hohpaii, y. i. he is humble; pl. hohpdog |

(indicat. for suppos.), ‘the humble’,
they are humble, Ps. 34, 2; imperat.
hohpash, ‘humble thyself’, be humble,
Proy. 6, suppos. ahhohpdcheg [hah-
pail; pl. hahpaitcheg), Prov.
hohhohpacheg, the humble, Ps. 10, 12.
Vbl. n. hohpdonk, hohpéunk, humbling,
humility, Prov. 15, 33; 22,4. N.agent.

humble man, Job 22, 29. Adj. and adv.
hohpde, Proy. 16, 19 (hohpae, C.).
hohtéeu, -t6éu, ady. ex ordine, in order,

Acts 11, 4; ‘from time to time’, Ezek. -

AOC:
the verb is, ‘it comes next’, or

The primary signification of
‘in
course’; ne hohtéeu, that which comes
next, the second, = nahohtéeu, secondly
(El. 21). With the formative
(-kin) of verbs of growth, hohtdekin, he
or it grows next, is next in growth;

Gr.

whence, probably, suppos. noh ad-
toekit, she who is next in age, ‘a second
daughter’, Job 42, 14. Cf. adtéekit.
[Abn. itta8i; éhésokké, tour a tour;
ahaitsi8i, ahaiiteghikksi, de

plus. ]

plus en

the corn of that country beat and boiled
tomash.’’—Norwood’s Voy. to Virginia
(1649). ‘They live mostly on a pap,
which they call pone or homini, each of
which is made of corn.’’—White’s Re-
lation of Maryland (1633). From the
generic for ‘small fruit’, ‘berry’, or
‘wrain’, -min-ne, pl. -minneash, which
formed part of all names given to pre-
pared corn. Cf. Narr. aupiimminnea-
nash, parched corn;* aupi minea-naw-
satimp, parched meal boiled, ete.; wus-
kokkamuck-émene-ash, new-ground corn;
ewdchi-m’ ne-ash, corn, ete. Abn. ska-
iminé, il pile le blé; skam&n-nar (pl.),

blé d’Inde (blé pilé).

| *honck (Narr.), a goose; pl. hdnckock,

16, 1959}

R. W; the gray or Canada goose ( Anser
canadensis, L.). See wémpatuck (the
snow-goose ).

[Del. kaak, Zeish.; mereck kaak, gray
goose, Camp. Abn. kadks(?). Peq.
kohunk, Stiles. ]

_*hopuoénck (Narr.), a tobacco pipe, R.
hohpaén, one who humbles himself, a |

W. See uhpoonk.
| *hoquaun (Narr.), a fishhook. See
uhquan.

| hose-, ase-, in composition, is a distrib-

*homes (Narr.), an old man; pl. héme- |

suck, R. W.[2]

[Abn. nemss-Smes, mon grand pére;
nSk-Smes, ma grande mere, ete. Chip.
nimishémiss, my grandfather, Bar. ]

*hominey. ‘‘They beat [the Indian
corn] in a mortar and sift the flour out
of it: the remainder they call hom-
miney, Which they put into a pot .
with water, and boil,’’ ete. —Josselyn’s
Rar., 53. Powhatan, homony, broken
maize, Beverley. ‘‘ Homini, which is

howaas, n.

utive, signifying each in its turn, one
after:another in course: dse-kesukokish,
day by dgygin: daily course, Gen. 39, 10;
Matt. 6, li;
morning, every morning, Ex. 30, 7.

tise-nompokish, morning by
e a a4 Ie

hosek6eu, ady. in course; turn by turn:

— kesukodtash, ‘day unto day’ (kesu-
kodash hohsuhkoeu, Mass. Ps. );

konash, ‘night unto night’, Ps. 19,2. Cf.
asuhkaue, it follows, comes after; duh-
suhque, adsuhque, to and fro; papaum-
sheaw duhsuhque, he walked to and fro,
2 Ko 4, 85; adhsuhqueait and ahatihsuk-

U-

queaii, he goes to and fro, this way and
that, Job 1, 7; 2, 2 (infinit.); ahadsuk-
queu unuhqudeu, he looked this way
and that, Ex. 2, 12.

[Abn. éhésokké, tour a tour; éhéia8a-
si8i, de deux l'un; ési, i toute occ
ainsi toujours de méme. ]

See édas, a living creature;
a live animal.

ion,

. howan [ewd-unni, w-unni], someone,
|
|

anyone; as interrog. who? (El. Gr. 7);
pl. howanig (auwen, who? auwon, howan,
anybody, C.). In Proy. 14, 34, the adj.

TRUMBULI.]

howan—continued.
ady. form is used: howae missinninnuog,
zany people.

[Narr. awdiin, ‘there is somebody’;
audun ewd, who is that? pl. awanick,
‘some come.’ Peq. Waunnuxuk, ‘Eng-

lishmen’, Stiles, i. e. ‘some men’, or
‘who are these?’; Mason’s
Narrat. of Peq. War.
qu'un, celui qui, ete.

owanur,
Miem. Sen, quel-
Abn. asénni, quel-

-i, postpositive, gives to the indicative | i6gk6ésishomao, v. i.

present, which is in fact a preterit, the
definite and limited force of the truly
present or actual; e. g. aii, he goes;
aii, he is going, is now on his
Proy. 7, 19; sokanon, there is rain;
sokenoni (smkenonni, C.), it is now rain-
ing. Though this limited present is
not noticed by Eliot in his Grammar,
and is not often to be found in his
translations, it unquestionably had
place in the Massachusetts, as well as
in other dialects of the same group.
[Abn. é, postposit. significat actuali-

tatem actionis; sSgheraiiné, il pleut
actuellement; psan, il neige; psaiiné, il
neige actuellement, etc. ]

jianduwussu, y. adj. an. he is lean; pl.
-suog, Gen. 41, 3; suppos. pl. (particip. )
-sitcheg, v. 4. See dnouwussu.

jidne. See eiydne.

idnussuog, suppos. pl. idnussiteheg, for
‘swarms of flies’, Ex. 8, 21, 24, 29;
they are of divers kinds (?), all sorts of
creatures (?).

in, (in fine comp. -hen, -wnne) of the
kind or manner of; yeu in kah yeu in, of

way,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

this manner and of this, ‘thus and |

thus’, 2 Sam. 17, 15.

J

jishontam, y. t. he despises, rejects,
hates (it): nus-sekeneam kah nut-jishon-
tam, I hate and despise (it), Amos 5,
21; I abhor, Ps. 119, 163; Amos 6, 8;
suppos. jishantog, when he despises, he
despising, hating, Proy. 15, 10. With
an. obj. jishanumaii, he despises or hates
(him); suppos. noh jishanumont, he who
despis
is despised, Job 12,5. Whbl. n. jishan-
umauonk; pass. jishanittuonk, hatred,

Ps. 25, 19.

S; pass. noh jishanumit, he who |

29

howan—continued.
qu'un; aSennaiiga, quel homme est-ce
qui, ete. Del. auween; pl. auwenik, who
are they? Zeisb. Gr. 176.
pl. owinekee, who? whosoever; indef.
Chip. awé-
nen, who? pl. -+-ag; awiia, one, some-
body, anybody; whoever,
whosoever, I don’t know who; pl.
+ag.]

Cree ow’end,
ouveuk, someone, anyone.

Teed
awegqwen,

onatuh néechip-
pog-wut, it ‘distils as the dew’, Deut.
32, 2; it moistens (?). Cf. ogqushki.

*ishkauaussue, (he is) envious; iskou-
oussiie, enviously, C.

ishkont, conj. lest (El. Gr. 22), Gen.
38, 9; Luke 22, 46. For ashqunuk,
ashqunit, there remains (ne ashgshunk,
what remains, is left)?

ishkouanatuonk, vbl. n. envy, Proy. 14,
30. Cf. jishanittuonk, hatred, under
jishontam.

See

ishpuhqudeu. he

looks upward.

ushpuhquaen,

ishquanogkod, -kot, (after a numeral)
a cubit’s length; suppos. ishquanogkok,
measured by cubits, by cubits’ length;
with an. subj. -ogkussu, 2 Chr. 2, 11,
12. Nean ishquanogkok; nequt-ishqua-
nogkod ne nequt ishquanogkod, ete.,
(measured) by cubits; the cubit is a
cubit, ete., Ezek. 43,18. From misquan
(meesk, C., q. v.), the elbow, and -ogk,
the base of verbs of counting or num-
bering: so many times the length to
the elbow.

jiskham, jishkham, chishkham, v. i. he
wipes (it); nut-jishkam, I wipe (it); sup-
pos. onatuh wosketomp jishkog wunnonk,
as [when] a man wipes a dish, 2 K. 21,
13. With an. attributive, jiskhamai,
he wipes (it) for (him); chiskhamaiiép
wusseetash, she wiped [to him] his feet,
John 11,2. Ct. chekham, he sweeps.
(Abn. ne-kasshaii, je Vessuie; ne-kas-
sesitéhaii, je lui essuie les piés; kassehats,
qu’on lessuie. Del. tschiskham-men, to
wipe off, Zeisb. ]

30 BUREAU

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

{BULLETIN 25

1 Ee

~k-, -hk-, in composition, denotes the
continued or progressive action of the
verb; a going on, or continuing to do:
e. g. assamait, he gives him food; sohko-
mait [=assohkamaii], he supports, or
continues to give him food; petaii, he
he puts (it) into; petuhkaii, he goes
into; amdeii, he departs; dmamwhkau, he
drives (him) away, keeps him going,
etc. See kah.

*cachauxet (Peq.), the name of a fish;
‘cunner’, Stiles. The ‘chogset’, Lab-
rus chogset, Mitch. (Ctenilabrus bur-
gall, Stour.) For chohchohkesit, marked
with spots, spotted, or striped.

kachémom, kahchémo, y. i. inan. it
comes (and continues coming) out
from: naotau kachémo, ‘a fiery stream
issued’, etc., Dan. 7, 10. See kutche.

kacheu, v. i. he goes or comes out of:
kacheog, they went out of (the ship),
went ashore, Luke 5, 2.

kddshik, when it begins; the beginning
of. See kutchissik.

kadtupwut, when, or if, he is hungry,
suppos. of kodtuppa.

kah, copulative, and ’k, progressive, in
its simple separable form, ‘it goes on’
or ‘continues’.
ati, according to Weber, from root at,
‘to go’, i. e. ‘a going farther.’ Sansk.
gd, to go; ga, going, or cha, ‘et, que’;
Greek Ké, TE, Kai.

[Narr. ka. Peg. quah, E. M. Chip.
gaié (postpositive, prepositive, and sep-
arable), Bar. Micm. ak [=ahh].]

kahche. matta kdche, ‘no doubt’, it
is not doubtful, Acts 28, 4 (kuhehe,
Danf. )

kadékenumunne, the first-ripe (fruit),
Mic. 7,1. See keneiimunne-ash.

kakenupshont, (when)
swiftly; suppos. of kogkenupshau.

going very
See
kenupshait.

*kakewau, vy. i.
See kogkéau.

he is mad, Mass. Ps.

Cf. Greek @zz; Sansk. |

|

[kasenussit, suppos.a chur], Is. 32,5,7.] |

*kaskohat, n. a sturgeon, C.
posh.

See *kaii-

*caukdanash (Narr.), n. pl. stockings,
R. W.

[Abn. chausses, bas.
Peq. cungowuntch, a stocking, Stiles.
Del. kau kon, legging, Sch. 11, 472; ga
gun, Zeisb. ]

*caudmpsk (Narr.), a whetstone, R. W.

*kauposh (Narr. ), asturgeon; pl. -shatiog,
R.W. (képposhand kaskohat, C.) From
kuppi (an. adj. kuppesu, he is) shut up,
inclosed, protected, i. e. by his hard
scales or plates (?).

[Abn. kabassé, pl.-sak. Chip. nain ai’,
naugh may [i.e. THE fish; namohs, El.,
or wamag]. Menom. nah mawe, stur-
geon (nahmaish, fish). Powh. kopotone,
J. Smith (=close-mouthed?).]

kenés8n-nar,

*causkashunck (Narr.), the skin of a

deer, R. W.

*Kautantowwit (Narr.), ‘‘the great
Southwest God, to whose house all
souls go and from whom came their
corn, beans, ete., as they say,’”’ R. W.
Cf. Keihtanit [Kehtanit], the great God,
Gen. 24, 7.

kechequabinau, vy. t. an. he hangs (him)
by the neck, Gen. 40, 22: pish kuk-
kechequabinuk, he will hang thee, Gen.
40, 19; ahhut kechequabenittimuk (sap-
pos. pass. inan.), that which he is hung
upon, a gallows, Esth. 5, 14; 7,9 (nuk-
kehchiquabes peminneat, I am choked
with a halter, C. It should be nashpe
pemunneat).

kechequanaii, vy. t. an. he takes him by
the throat; with pron. affixes, uk-
kechequan-uh, Matt. 18, 28; hence, he
embraces (him). (nuk-kehchikquan, I
embrace, I hold by the throat, C.)

[Abn. ne-keskedsnénaii, je lesuffoque. ]

kechisu. See kelchissu.

keechippam, kehch-, keihch-, on the
shore, Josh. 11, 4; Judg. 5, 17; John
21, 4; kehtahhanit,on the seashore,
Gen. 22, 17.

*keegsquaw (Narr.), a virgin or maid,
R. W.

[Chip. gigangowi, she is a virgin.
Del. kikochquees, a virgin; kick och que u,
asingle woman, Zeisb.; kigape-u, Camp.
Abn. kigaibé, a young man unmarried. ]

TRUMBULL]

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

31

*keesaqushin (Narr.), it is high water, | kehchithaiti—continued.

Rk. W., i. e. it is at its full height, full
grown. Cf. kesukun.

*Keesuckquand (Narr.), the Sun God,
aname of the sun, R. W. [Kesukqudée-
anit, God of Day or of the Sky]. See
késuk.

kéhche, kehcheu, v. i. (it is) chief, prin-
cipal, superior (because, ex principio;
cf. ko, kutche); hence, superior by
reason of age, old, ancient; an. pl. keh-
chiog, kutchiog, the old (collectively),
the ancients, i. e. those who are from
the beginning, Ps. 119, 100; 148, 12;
Esth. 3, 13; kehchiog waantamwog, the
old are wise, ‘with the ancients is wis-
dom’, Job 12,12. In the sing. kehche
ayeuonk, the chief place, 2 Sam. 23, 8;
kehcheu wutashinneunk, the chief fath-
ers [i. e. fatherhood, n. collect.], Num.
31, 26. Cf. keht-; kehtauaii.

kehchemugqwomp, n. chief captain.
See mugqwomp.

kehchesonksq [= kehche-sonksqua], a
queen, Esth. 1, 9, 11. See sonksq.

kehchésuonk, ybl. n. a boil, a sore; pl.
-ongash, Job 2,7. See kehkechésu.

kehchippam.

kehchisqua, kutchisqua, anold woman,
Ruth 1, 12; 1 Tim. 4, 7; pl. -quaog,
Zech. 8, 4; 1 Tim. 5, 2.

kehchissu, kechisu, kehchis, y. adj.
he is old, superior by age; as n. an
aged person, Gen. 44, 20; Ley. 19, 32;
nuk-kechisu, I am old, Job 15, 10 (nuk-
kechiseu, Luke 1, 18); kuhchisu-it,
‘when he is old’, Mass. Ps., John 3, 4.
Like the Latin senex, senectus, kehchis
denotes old age entitled to respect,
without associating with it the idea of
decrepitude or senility. Cf. mahtdn-
tam. ‘‘Chise isan old man, and kieh-

See keechippam.

chisea man that exceedeth in age.”’—F. |

Winslow’s Relation (1624).

(Narr. kitchize, an old man; pl. -zuck;
kutchinnu, a middle-aged man (i. e. he
is growing old). Micm. hijig8, vieux;
kijig8uik, les vieux. Del. kikey, old,
Zeisb. ]

kehchithaii, y. i. he forbears or re-
frains from doing (?): nus-sawunumup
kehchithon (infinit.), matta nuk-kehchit-
tohhow (causat.), ‘I was weary with
forbearing, I could not stay’, Jer. 20, 9;

suppos. kehchithadn, if I forbear, Job
16, 6.

kehkechai, n. a sore, ‘botch’, Deut. 28,
27.

kehkechésu, y. adj. an. he is sore, ‘full
of sores’, Luke 16, 20 (augm. of keh-
chésu). WVhbl. n. kehkechesuonk, a (run-

ning) sore, a boil, Ps. 88,11; 77,2; Job

Danie
[Narr. 7’chésammam, I am in pain;
nechésamam nv’ séte, my foot is sore. ]

kehketohkau, v. i. he goes on talking,
talks much. Freq. of kutto, he speaks,
with ’k progressive. Vbl. n. kehketooh-
kdonk, keketok-, talk, loquacity, Prov.
14, 23; Ecel. 10, 13; pl. -ongash, ‘bab-
blings’, 1 Tim. 6, 20. N. agent. -kaen,
a great talker; pl. -kaénuog, Tit. 1, 10.
See kutto.

kehkomaii, kekomaii, y. t. an. he talks
about (him), slanders, or speaks re-
proachfully of: nuk-kémuk-quog, they
slander me, Ps. 31, 14. Vbl. n. kehko-
maitén, ~mwden, a talebearer, a slan-
derer, Proy. 18, 8.

[Cree kéegdmayoo, he scolds him (*).]
keht-, keiht-, in comp. words chief,
principal, (relatively) greatest. As a
prefix to nouns inan. corresponding to
kehche- before nouns an. See kutche.
[Del. kitta, great. Abn. “maassa vel
kété, in antecessum,’’ Rasles. ]
kéhtadtau, y. caus. inan. he makes
sharp, sharpens, whets (it), Ps. 7, 12;
with inan. subj. -tauéma, it sharpens
(it), Prov. 27, 17; -tawun, he sharpens
it; pass. it is sharpened, made sharp,
Ezek. 21, 9; suppos. kehtattauon, if I
whet (my sword), Deut. 32, 41 (ketottug,
a whetstone, Wood). Cf. *cawémpsk.
[Abn. ne-kittad8n, je Vaiguise; akit-
tad8n, il Vaiguise; kidadaiigan, pierre a
aiguiser. ]

Kehtanit, Keihtannit [keht-(im) anit, the
chief or greatest manit], for ‘the Lord
God’, Gen. 24, 3, 7. With the verb
subst. kehtanite, keihtannitto, he is (or
it is) the greatest manitto; and with the
locative suffix, kehtanito-ut, the place of
the great manito, or where he is:
hence, probably, Kautdntowwit, ‘the
great Southwest God,’ (R. W.), or
rather his home in the Southwest.

[Del. getannitowit, Zeisb. Gr. 37.]

oO BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

kehtauaii(?), v. t. an. he is chief among
or superior to; as n. a chief man; pl.
kehtauaog, ‘lords’, Dan. 5, 23. Rarely
used and of questionable propriety. N.
agent. kehtauwaen, pl. -éivog, ‘nobles’,
Proy. 8, 18.

kehtequanitch, kehtagq- [keht, uhquae,
-nutch, great, end of, hand], n. the
thumb, Ex. 29, 20; pl. -tcheash, Judg.
IGG Tie

[Abn. aghithSéretsi, pollex.]

kehtequaseet [kelit, uhquae, -seet, great,

end of, foot], n. the great toe: uk-kehte-

quaseet, his great toe, Ex. 29, 20; Judg.

167:

[Abn. meghitkSésit, ne-ghitkSésit, mon |

gros orteil.]

kehtimaii, y. t. an. he appoints (him)
over, appoints (him) to office or com-
mand, 2 K. 11, 18; nuk-keitim, I ap-
point (him to rule oyer, ete.), 1 K. 1,
35; kuk-kehtim quoshodtumwaénuog, thou
appointest prophets, Neh. 6, 7. From
keht-, with ’m-au, the formative of an.
verbs of speaking, or of action per-
formed by the mouth; literally, ‘he
great-speaks him.’

kehtippitténab, mn. an armlet; pl.

was on his arm’, 2 Sam. 1, 10; kehtup-,
Gen. 24, 30; kéhteiipetendpeash, Ex. 35,
22. From keht-, (m)uhpittén (arm),
appeu (it remains, or is permanent).
-kehtoh, keihtoh, n. the ocean, ‘sea’,

Gen. 1, 10; Ps. 78, 13; Hag. 2, 6; with |

co)
indef. affix, kehtohhan, kehtahhan, any
sea; pl. -hannash, seas, oceans, Neh. 9, 6;
with locat. affix, néeu kehtahhannit, in

the midst of the sea, Num. 33,8; Prov. |

23, 34; kishke kehtahhannit, by the sea,
on the seashore, 1 Sam. 13, 5; Deut.
1,7. Adj. and adv. kehtahhane, of the
sea: kehtahhan-nuppog, the water of
the sea, Ex. 14, 21. For kehteau, it is
very great, vast; =’k-ahteau, it is going
on, or is indefinitely extended.

[Narr. kitthan and wechékum, the sea,

R. W.; kikhonnohk [2], Stiles. Del. |
kittan, a great river (?); kitahican, the |
great ocean, Zeisb. (The Del. Indians |

called the great river (Delaware) and
bay Kittan ( Kithanne, Hkw.); ‘kid han
nik, in the main river’, Zeisb.) Chip.

(Sag.) keechegahma, lake; keeche-keeche- |

kehtoh, keihtoh—continued.
gamaa, great lake, sea; (Mack.) gitche-
gumee, sea. Shawn. k’ chikumze, sea. ]
kehtohhannomuk, n. ‘the sand of the
sea’, Ps. 78, 27 (kehtahhanomuhk,
Jer. 33, 22;) kehtahhanomuk, Mass. Ps.
[=beach (?), ‘where the sea goes’ (?),].
kehtotan, keiht-, n. a great town, Gen.
10; 12; Rev. 21, 15 (Keht-, ofan).
[Del. kitateney, Zeisb.]

_kehtonog, kuht-, n. a ship, Prov. 30,

19; Is. 33, 21; Jonah 1, 3; pl. -ogquash;
keht-mnog, great vessel (or carrier): cf.
pe-mnog. [From verb ‘to dig out’, ‘hol-
lowed’; see Rasles under ‘crever.’]
[Narr. kiténuck; dim. kitonuckquese.

Abn. ket8rak8, navire. Menom. kah-
taynemoon. Del. ki toal te wall (pl.)
ships, Zeisb. ]

kehtmquanich. See kehiequanitch.

keihchippam. See keechippam.

keiht-. See kelit-.

Keihtannit. See Kehtanit.

keihtoh. See kehtoh.

kekomaii. See kehkomau.

kekutto, v. i. he speaks habitually, has
the faculty of speech. Freq. of kuttw.

| kémeu, (it is) secret, private; as ady. ‘in
-dpeash, Is. 3, 19; ‘the bracelet that |

secret’, Matt. 6, 4, 6 (kemeyeue, secretly,
C.; -ut kémeayeu-uwt, in a secret place,
Job 40, 13); pl. kememgish, secret
things, Deut. 29, 29. With verb subst.
kemeyeuw; suppos. kemeyeumuk, or
-yeuuk, when it is secret; as n. a secret,
Prov. 25, 9; Dan. 4, 9. See kommoto.
[Abn. kimiSi, en cachette. Del. kimi,

Zeisb. ]

*kemineiachick (Narr. ), n. pl. murder-
ers; kuk-kemineantin, you are the mur-
derer, R. W.

ken, pron. 2d pers. sing. thou; sun ken

noh woh paont, art thou he who shall
come? Matt. 11, 3; pl. kenaiiaii, you, ye
(El. Gr. 7).

[Narr. ke2n; pl. kéenouwin.]

kenai, keéneh, (it is) sharp, keen, Prov.

25, 18; in comp. kéne-, kén-: e. g. ken-
ompsk, a sharp stone, Ex. 4, 25; keneh-
quog, a sharp knife, Ezek. 5, 1; kake-
neuhquayaogish (freq. pl.), sharp-
pointed things, Job 41, 20 (keniyeue,
sharply, C.); suppos. kenag, when it is
sharp, that which is sharp, Is. 5, 28;
Rey. 14, 14; wussetunk, . . . kenag, the

TRUMBULL]

kenai, keneh—continued.
haft . . . the blade (of a knife), Judg.
3, 22; éhtdikenag, on-both-sides sharp,
two-edged, Prov. 5, 4.

[Illin. nikints, jaiguise, j’apointis
(Gray.); kinta, kinte, kint8, dans la com-
position marquent souvent aiguiser,
apointir.
kaniSéio, cela, est épineux, aigu. Del.
kineii, it is sharp, Zeisb. Voc. 18; kihnsu,
he is sharp (harsh, jealous, ete. ), Zeisb.
Gr. 167.]

kenatheau, vy. caus. an. he forms (him),
gives him shape, Gen. 2, 7, 19.
kuhkenauwéhéau (augm. ).

kenam, n. a spoon; pl. -mdog, 1 K. 7, 50
(kunndm, quonnam, a spoon or ladle,
C.). Cf. kenin; kénumuk; kéiinum.

[Narr. kundim-mduog. Abn. emk8aiin.]

kenaii. See kenin.

kenauwameonk, ybl. n. [anarraying or |

putting in array (?),] an army, Joel 2,
20; 1 K. 20, 25. Cf. kuhkénauwe, or-
derly, in order, in shape.

kenawun, pron. Ist pers. pl. inclusive,

Abn. kaiiSis, kaii8iak, épine; |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|

See

we all of us, i. e. including you to

whom we speak. See nénawun.

keneh. See kénai.

kenepinaii, y. t. an. he binds (him), as
by oath or promise, imposes an obliga-
tion on (him); keneep-, keeneep-, suppos.
keeneepinont, Num. 30, 3, 4.

kenepsuonk, ybl. n. a binding of one’s
self, a bond or obligation, Num. 30, 3.

keneiimunne-ash, n. pl. first-fruits, Ley.

12, 14; augm. kdkenewmunneash,

=)

Num. 18, 12, 13; kdkeniim-, Ex. 22, 29. |

See kakenumunne.

kenogkeneg, -koneg, n. a window,
Gen. 6, 16; Judg. 5, 28; pl. -gash, Dan.
6, 10 (kenag’ kinneg, kunnatequanick, C.).

kenomp, keenomp, n. ‘a captain’, John
18, 12; a ‘brave’, a valiant man (kenom-
péde, valiant, valiantly (-paonk, valor,
C.). [Cf Charaibi (Caribs), ‘magne
sapientiz viri’, Vespucius, 1497, Nav.
Col., 3, 233.]

[Narr. keénomp, captain or yaliant

man, R. W. Abn. kinaiibé, kinaibas.
homme courageux; ne-kinaiibai, je suis
brave, généreux, ete. ]

-kenompattam, v. t. inan. he looks at, ob-
serves (it), 1 Sam. 16, 7.

B. A. E., Buu. 25

3

33

kenompsquab, n. an anchor; pl. -abéog,
Acts 27,29. See kenuhquab; *kunnésnep.

kenonaii, y. t. an. he speaks (with au-
thority, or as a superior to an inferior)
to (him), he counsels, advises, in-
structs, Ex. 33, 9; Deut. 5, 24; 2 Sam.
17, 15; imperat. 2d sing. kenws; pl.
kenonok. WVbl. n. kenanudonk; pass.
kenwnittuonk, counsel, advice, Proy. 20,
18. N. agent. kenanuaen, a counselor;
pl. -énuog, Job 3, 14 (and kenwsmwa-
enin, Is. 9, 6).

kenugke, ‘among’, Gen. 17, 10; Lev.
11, 2; kunnuke, Mass. Ps. (Vbl. n. ken-
ugkiyeuonk, a mixture, C.) The pri-
mary signification is ‘mixed’ or ‘inter-
mingled’: kdnukke muttaanukeg, ‘a
mixed multitude’, Num. 11,4; =kenuk-
shae mattadinukeg, Neh. 13,3. See kenuk-
shai.

kenuhquab, kenunkquab, n. an an-
chor, Heb. 6, 19; pl. Acts 27, 40. See
kenompsquab.

kenuhtugquonk, n. ‘a nail’, Judg. 4,
21; a wooden pin(?) [kén-uhtugg, sharp
wood].

kenuhwheg, n. a nail; pl. -gash, John
20, 25 [kenehheau, it is made sharp].

kenukkenausu, y. adj. pass. it is mixed
(by animate agency), Dan. 2, 41; as adj.
Prov. 23, 30 (of ‘mixed wine’).

kenukkinaii, vy. t. an. he goes among,
mingles with (them); pl. -aog, Dan. 2, 43.

kenukkinum. See kinukkinum.

kenukshaii, kenugshaii, y. t. he is
mixed with (them). From kenugke,
with the characteristic (-sh) of invol-
untary action, Hos. 7, 8; Ps. 106, 35;
Dan. 2, 43: naotau kenukshau musségonit,
fire was mingled with the hail, Ex. 9,
24. Adj. and adv. -shde, Neh. 13, 3.

(Narr. winnickshan, to mingle; wiin-

nickshaas, mingled.
mixed, Zeisb. ]

kenun, kinun, y. t.; with an. obj. kenaii,
kinou, he bears or carries. This ap-
pears to be the earlier form (corre-
sponding to anniin, q. v.), from which
kenunnum, -naii, are derived. To it
must be referred wk-kin-6uh, they bore
him, Mark 2, 4, unless this is mis-
printed for wk-kinun-néuh, as in Lev.
10, 5; cf. uk-kenin-uh, Is. 40, 11 (nuk-

‘

Del. gli cke na su,

84 BUREAU

kentin, kinin—continued.
kinun wosketomp, I carry a man, C.).
See kéiinum.
[Narr. kunniish, I will carry you. ]
kenunkquab.
kenuiikwhonk, kin-, n. a pin; pl. -on-
gash; Ex. 27, 19; 38, 20, 21. From
kenaiand uhquae, sharpened at the point.

kenunnaii, kin-, y. t. an. he carries (an
an. obj.) in his hand or arms; sup-
pos. kénunnont, when he carries (him),
when carrying: ahtompeh, —— a
bow, Amos 2, 15; mukkiesoh, ——
a child, Num. 11, 12. With pronom.
affixes, uk-kinun-éh, she bears them,
Deut. 32, 11. See kenrin.

kenunnum, vy. t. he carries or bears

See kenuhquab.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|

|

(it) by hand [and therefore improp- |

erly used in Is. 53, 4, 11], Mark 14, 18:
kunnunum-up, ‘he bare it’, Mass. Ps.,
John 12, 6. Cf. kenvin, kéiinum.

kKenuppe, swiftly, in haste, Dan.
Is. 5, 26; as adj. -peyeu; with verb subst.
-peyeum, there is haste, it ‘requires
haste’, 1 Sam. 21, 8.]

kenuppétu, v. i. he grows fast, Gen. 21,
8, 20; pl. -twog, Gen. 25, 27. From
kenuppe, with the formative of verbs of
an. growth.

kenupshaii, y. i. he makes haste, he goes
quickly, Eccl. 1, 5; 1 Sam. 17, 48;
imperat. kenupshaush, go thou quickly,
make haste, 1 Sam. 20, 38; 23, 27; sup-
pos. kanupshont, kenupshont, Job 9, 26;
Proy. 7, 23. Adj. and ady. kenupshde,
swilt-going:

kuhtonogquash, ‘swift
ships’, Job 9, 26; kenuppe kenupshde
peyaog, ‘they come with speed swiftly’,
Is. 5, 26 (kénupishde, very swiftly, Dan.
9, 21). Augm. and intens. kogkenup-
shaii, he goes swiftly; suppos. kakenup-
shont, (when) going swiftly, ‘swift of
foot’, Amos 2,
cheg, they who are swift, Amos 2, 14;
Jer. 46, 6.
[Abn. ne-kérbarskké, je me dépéche a
faire cela. ]
kepenun, y. t. he harvests (corn, fruit,
etc.); imperat. 2d sing. kepenush, har-
vest it, ‘reap’, Rev. 14, 15; suppos.
pass. inan. kepenwmuk, when it is har-
vested, in (time of) harvest, Ex. 34, 21.

15; neg kakenupshonit-

Vbl. n. kepenwnmonk, harvesting, the |

harvest, Jer. 8, 10; Rev. 14, 15.
[Narr. kepeniimmin, to gather corn. ]

3, 24;

[BULLETIN 25

kepshau, y. i. he falls; ohkeit, he
falls on the ground, Mark 9, 20; pl.
kepshaog, they fall, Is. 8, 20.

kes-.

kesanohteau, kesanmteau, v. i. it is
ripe; suppos. ne kesanwtag, that which
is ripe, Is. 18, 5; pl. nish kesanatagish,
Jer. 24, 2 (kesanna@ta, ripe, C.).

See kusse-.

kesantam, y. i. (and t. inan.) he has a
purpose, purposes, intends: nukkeson-
tam, I purpose, 1 K. 5, 5. Vbl. n.
-laméonk, purposing, a purpose, Eccl.
3,17; 8, 6. kesi-, kes- (or kussi-, kus-) in
comp. words has the force of ‘fully’,
‘completely’, or sometimes simply aug-
ment., ‘very much.’

[Abn. kesi, trés.
done, ready, Zeisb. ]

Del. gischi, kischi,

kesittde, adj. and ady. cooked, prepared

for eating (i. e. completed or finished;
kesittde ‘boiled
15 (kestde weyaus, C.).

see kesteau):
meat’, 1 Sam. 2,

{Narr. mattedg keesitauano, is there

Weyaus,

nothing ready boiled?; wussdume iékis-
su, too much boiled or roasted. Abn.
kisédé Eto, cela est-il cuit? Del. kisehi-
toon, to make (it) ready, Zeisb. ]
kesittu, v. i. he is full grown, he has
finished growing, Gen. 38, 14; pl. -x0g,
Judg. 11,2. (With inan. subj. kesukun,
q.v.) Cf. kesteau, it is finished.
kesteau [kesitteau], vy. i. it is finished,
completed, made complete: anakausu-
onk kestedu-un, the work is finished, 1
Kei, (sometimes used as y. t. inan.;
kesteau-un, he finishes it, he creates it,

oo

Jet oleae

to finish his work, John 4, 34); suppos.
noh kesteunk, he who makes complete,
‘the creator’, Is. 40, 28. With
obj. kezheaii, q. v. (kestoutinat, to fin-
ish, C.)

[Abn. ne-kesi‘t8n, jachéve quelque
chose. Cree kéesétow, he finishes it.
Narr. wuckéesitin wequdi, he made the

kesteaunat wut-anakausuonk,

an.

light; awaun keesiteéuwin kéesuck, who
made the heavens? Del. gi schi toon, it
is done, finished, Zeisb. ]

kesteauonk, -teoonk, vbl. n. a making
complete, ‘creation’, Mark 13, 19.

kesteausu, vy. adj. an. it is made com-
plete, ‘it is finished’, John 19, 30; sup-
pos. kesteausik, made complete, a ‘crea-
ture’, Rom. 1, 25.

TRUMBULL]

késuk, n.(1) the visible heavens, thesky,
Gen.1,1. (2)aday: pasuk késuk,in one
day, Gen. 27, 45; 1 Sam. 2, 34; quinni
kesuk, all the day long, Ps. 25,5; 71, 15;
pl. -kquash; monatash kesukquash, many

days, Is. 24, 22 (but more commonly |
. - - |
used, movchelikquinogok; see quinne); |

suppos. kesukok, when it is day, on a
day: ne kesukok, on that day, Gen. 21, 8;

yew kesukok, on (or within) this day, |

today, Ps. 95, 7; Ex. 2, 18; pl. kesuk-
okish; dsekesukokish, every day, daily,
Tes 515.133 Ps: 1455 2:
kesukquae, of heaven, Ps. 78, 23, 24; of

Adj. and ady. |

the day, Jer. 31, 35: kesukque wequai, a |

light by day.

késuk by its form appears to be the
suppositive or participial of a verb késu,
or with inan. subj. késin (kussin), it
warms or is warm. Though this verb
is not formed separately in the indica-
tive, it may be traced in the prefix kus-,
kussa- (q. v.), in the passive form kus-

|

sittau, he is heated, made warm (as n. |

heat of the sun), and in the verb-adj.
an. kesmsu (kesmsinneat, to be warm,
C.). Hence in other dialects the name
of the sun as the source of heat:
Abn. kiz8s (comp. nekis88s, je suis
chaudement); old Alg. kijis (= kezhis);
Chip. gé/zis, késis (cf. gé/zhik, sky;
ge’zhikod, day); Menom. kay-shoh (cf.
kay-shaick, sky); Muh. keesogh, Edw.;
Del. gischuch, etc. The same radical,
probably, is found in kesanohteau
(kesann@ta, C.), it is ripened; kesteau
(Cree kéestiow), he perfects, com-
pletes, and with an. obj. kezheaii (Cree
kéesehayoo, he finishes), he makes,
‘ereates’, gives life to; kesukin, it grows
to maturity, is full grown, is ripe; and

with an. subj. kesittu—in all which |
there is an apparent reference to the |
sun as the source of vital warmth and

of mature development of animal and
vegetal life. Sansk. kds and kds(lucere,
splendere); kus (splendere).

[Narr. kéesuck, the heavens, R. W.
(keesk, Stiles); keesuckqudi, by day, R.
W. Peg. kéezuk, Stiles. Abn. kizsks,
jour; le ciel, Yair. Chip. gézhik, gé-
zick, sky. Menom. kayshaick, sky.
Shawn. kee-sa-kee, day. Micm. kish-
k&k, aujourd’hui. Del. gischuch, sun;
gischgu, day, Zeisb.]

|

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 35)

kesukod, as n. daytime, the day, as a
measure of time (i. e. while day is),
Gen. 1, 5, 13, 16; opposed to nukon, the
night season, Gen. 1,5; pl. kesukodtash,
Dan. 8, 14,27. Adj. and adv. kesukodde,
-déeu, in the daytime, by day, Ex. 13,
21; Job 5, 14: kesukodideu kah nuk-
kondeu, by day and by night, Ps. 1, 2
(kesukodae kah nukkonae, Josh. 1, 8);
kesukkdttae, C.

kesukodtumash, n. pl. days, in the
sense of years [kodtumm-ash] or as
measuring long periods of time, Deut.
11, 21; Job 14, 1: tohshinash uk-kesukodt-
umash, how many are his days? Ps. 119,
84.

kesukquieu, (it is) toward heaven,
heavenward (EI. Gr. 21).

[Narr. keesuckgiu, upward. ]

kesukun, y. i. it is mature, full grown,
ripe: kepenumoonk kesukun, ‘the har-
vest is ripe’, Rev. 14, 15. With an.
subj. kesittu (q. v.); suppos. pajeh
kesukit, till he is (full) grown, Gen. 38,
11.

(Del. gischi, kischi, ready, done; gis-
chiecheu, it is ready, done, finished;
gi schi gu, he is born, Zeisb.]

ketassot, n. king, Cant. 7, 5; Is. 6, 5;
pl. -tamwog, Josh. 10, 5; Job 3, 14 (tah-
solamuog, kings, Gen. 35, 11). Vbl.
n. kelassotammonk, a kingdom, Matt.
5, 20 (assmtaméonk, Dan. 5, 31; 7, 27;
tahsotammonk, pl. -ongash, Zeph. 3, 8;
Hag. 2, 22).

(Quir. kéttasodamauok, ‘princes’,
=sichemduauk, Pier. 35.]

ketéahheaii, vy. caus. he giveth life to,
maketh live, ‘quickeneth’: uk-keléah-
oh, ‘he quickeneth them’, John 5, 21;
kuk-ketéaheh, thou quickeneth me, Ps.
71, 20.

ketedhogk6u [ketede-hogk], n. a living
creature, a living body or personality
(see hogk): pomantamwe keteahogkéunnu,
he becomes (-unnz) a living soul, Gen.
2,7; pomantamwe ketedhogkéu, a living
creature, Ley. 11, 46; life, Deut. 24, 6;
the soul, the spirit, Is. 42, 1; Gen. 14,
21; 34, 8 (ketéahogkau, a soul, C.).

keteau, v. i. (1) he is alive, he lives, or is
quick, implying the possession of vital
energy or of animation; comp. poman-
tam; (2) he is in good health, he is re-
covered from sickness, 2 K. 20, 7; Is.

36 BUREAU
keteau—continued.
39, 1: nag pish keteaog, they shall re-
cover, Mark 16, 18; asq kongketeau

(augm.), is he well?; asq keteau, he is

well, Gen. 29, 6; sum woh nuk-keteam,
shall I recover? 2 K. 8, &. 9. Adj. and

ady., ketede, of life, in life: matug,
‘tree of life’, Prov. 13, 12; tohke-

kom, ‘fountain of life’, Prov. 13, 14;
‘quick’, Num. 16, 30. Vbl. n. ketea-
onk, living or being alive; the life prin-
ciple or vital force; ‘the soul’ (i. e. the
life), Job 12, 10; wk-keteaonk weyaus
wusqueheonganit, ‘the life of the flesh
[is] in the blood’, Lev. 17, 11. See
*kitonckquéi.

[Narr. nic-kéetem, I am recovered;
konkeetedug, they are well. Abn. kighe,
il se redonne la vie. ]

ketwhomon, y. i. he sings, recites in
song: nuk-ketohomom, I sing, Ps. 57, 7;
with an. obj. ketwhomaiiaii, he sings to
(him) or tells by song; pl. -amaiidog,
they sing to (him), 1 Chr. 16, 33; sup-
pos. kodtwhamont, pl. -oncheg, Eccl. 2,8.
Ady. and adj. ketwhomde, -hamwée, of
singing, of song, 2 Sam. 19, 35; Neh.
7,67. Vb. n. ketahomdonk, a singing,
song: wame ketohomde uk-ketohomaon-
gash (pl.) David, all the psalms (sing-
ing songs) of David [title of the psalms
in meter]. N. agent. ketohomuwden
(indef. -waénin), a singer, 1 Chr. 6, 33.
Cf. kutta, he speaks; ketwkau, he goes
on speaking, he talks. See anwhoi.

[Abn. ki8ahads, il chante.

ketokau, vy. t. an. he tells (him), he
goes on speaking to (him), 2 Sam. 20,
18; imperat. 2d sing. ketwkash, 1 Sam.
3, 10; suppos. pass. ahquompi ne adt
keketokomuk (freq.), a time for speak-
ing [when it is to bespoken], Ecel. 3, 7.
From kuttw, he speaks, with ’k progres-
sive.

[Narr. kekutto kdunta, let us speak
(talk) together; kuttékash, speak. ]

kezheaii, v. t. an. he perfects, completes,
finishes (him), ‘creates’, Gen. 1, 27;
5, 1: nuk-kezeh, nuk-kezheéh, I create
him; pret. nuk-kezheomp, Is. 54, 16; sup-
pos. noh kezheunt, he who makes com-
plete, who creates, Gen. 5,1. With
inan. obj. kesteaw (q. v.).

[Cree kéesehayoo, he finishes him;
kéechehayoo, he begins him. (See in

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY ‘

(BULLETIN 25

kezheaii—continued.
Howse, Cree Gr., pp. 19, 20, and 84,
verbs of ‘making’ in -kdyoo, -katdyoo,
and -kdsoo.) Abn. ne-kisit8n, jachéve
quelque chose; (with an. obj.) ne-kisi-
hai. Del. kischiton, he makes, prepares
(something) ; kischi, ready, done; kischi-
toon, to make something ready; kischi-
echeu, it is ready, done, finished, Zeisb. ]
kinou. See keniin.

*kinukkinum, y. t. he mixes or mingles
(one thing with another), C.; suppos.
kinukkinuk, when he mixes it; and sub-
stantively, a mixture, the kinnikinnic
and killikinnie of western tribes, —to-
baeco mixed with the bark of the red
osier (Cornus sericea) or leaves of bear-
berry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi). Cf.
kenugke.

[Del. gli cke ni can, anything to mix
with, mixture, Zeisb. ]

kintn. See keniin.

kinunnaii. See kenunnaii.

kishke, (it is) by the side of, near to, by:
kishke may-ut, by the wayside, Gen. 38,
14, 21; kishke-tuk, by the riverside,
Num. 24, 6; Ezek. 47, 6,7; kishke peyaii,
he came near to, ete., Dan. 8, 17.

[Abn. kikatsi8i, contre quelque chose,
joignant quelque chose, le long du bord
de la riviére; ketsi8i, tout proche. Del.
giechgi. Chip. tchigaii or tchig. Cree
chéeke, close by, near, nigh, by.]

kishki, (it is) broad, great from side to
side: keitotan missi kah kishki, the city
(was) large and great, Neh. 7, 7; mishe-
kishkde, broad, wide (absolutely, or as
opposed to narrow), Is. 33, 21; Matt.
23, 5; suppos. ne kishkag (koshkag, kos-
kag), the breadth of it, its breadth or
width from side to side, Job 37, 10;
Ex. 26, 2, 8 (=ne anwhque-kishkag, Ex.
25, 10).

[Abn. Ssaiimi-keskég8, il est trop large,
trop ample (e. a garment); keské,
large, cela l’est. J

kishkunk, n.: wt kishkunk, under a tree,
Gen. 18, 4, 8. See mehtug.

kishpinum, kusp-, y. t. he ties (it)
firmly, binds close, makes fast. From
kuppi (close, fast), with the formative
(-num, with an. obj. -naii) of verbs de-
noting action of the hand; imperat. 2d
sing. kispinush, kusp-, Prov. 6, 21; pl.
kishpinok, 1 Sam. 6, 7; with an. obj.

go
g.

TRUMBULL]

kishpinum, kusp- —continued.
uk-kishpin-éuh, they tied them, 1 Sam.
6,10. (Vbl. n. kishpinéonk, binding, C. )
kishpissu, -ussu, vy. i. he ties or fastens,
makes fast; and pass. he is tied, made
fast, Matt. 21, 2; pl. -swog, they are tied,
2 K. 7, 10. Vbl. n. kishpissuonk, pl.
-ongash, bonds, Ezek. 3, 25; Job 88,31.
[Narr. kspuinsh, pl. kspiinemoke, tie it
fast. Cree kéchepissoo, he is girt. ]
*(kissittashau, y. i. he sweats;] muh-
kissittashom, I sweat, C. See kussitteau.
*Kitan (for Kehtanit), the great god
(manit). See*Kautdntowwit, Kehtanit.
kitchewewées [kéhche wéwes], n. the great
owl, Ley. 11, 17; =kéhche kahkakhaus,
Deut. 14, 16. (Strix virginiana?)
kitchisahshau (?), y. i. he falls into the
fire, Matt. 17, 15.
*kitonckquéi (Narr.), v. i. he is dead;
suppos. 2d sing. kitonckquean, when thou

diest [shalt die]; 3d pl. -quéhettit, when |

they die; pret. (intens.) kakitonckqué-
ban, ‘they are dead and gone’; paisa-
wut kitonckquéwa, ‘he can not live long’
{he is near dying], R. W.
from ketedonk (vbl. n. from keteau,
q.v.), the life, with the formative of
verbs of going; keteaonkqdeu, life goes.
In the Abnaki, a verb adj., from the
same base, kétaii&s8, signified both a
dead person and a specter or the appari-
tion of the dead (answering to chepy,
q. v.); ‘‘un qui est mort, sion parle de

. Size - my emi}
lui, dicitur ketaissSa; un mort qui

reviens aprés sa mort, ké‘taii8s8,”’ Rasles.

kitshittau, = kutchissittau,
(it). See kutchissumaii.

kitteamonteanumaii, v. t. an. he pities,
is kind to, shows mercy to (him); im-
perat. 2d sing. -monch, Zech. 7, 9; pl.
-megk, Job 19, 21; suppos. noh kodtum-
onteanumont, he who is merciful, who
pities, Gen. 19, 16; Prov. 19,17. Vbl.
n. pass. kitteamonteanittuonk, compas-
sion, mercy, Num. 11, 15 (nwk-kittea-
monteanitteam, v. 1. I pity; kittumong-
keneankquat, (when he is) miserable
pitiable; kuttumung, sadly, C.).
kutamungineaeaii; kuttumungee.

[Abn. ne-ketemaiighérmaii, j'ai com-

passion de lui. ]

kittedshe. toh kittéashe, toh kutteashish,
how many times? 1 K. 22, 16; 2 Chr.
18, 15. See tohsu.

he washes

See

Apparently |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

kobhamuk, koppo-,

37

kittumma. See kuttumma.
kiyunk, n. ‘the cuckoo’, Lev. 11, 16;
but in Deut. 14, 15, kukkow is trans-
ferred.
ko, koh, may be regarded as the present
imperfect or continuing present tense
of an irregular and defective verb of
existence. It signifies not merely he
(or it) is, but connotes prior existence,
he continues to be; hk, in this as in
derivate verbs, denoting continuance or
progression. Past existence was ex-
pressed by mo (q. v.), which we may
call the preterite absolute of the same
verb, signifying it was and is not, and
therefore not properly employed in
speaking of that which continues to be.
Eliot has in some instances combined
ko and mo, and ko and pish, to express
the past (aorist) and future tenses of
the verb ‘to be’: noh koh mo, no koh,
noh paont, ‘who was, and is, and is to
come’, Rey. 4, 8; so ken nukoh [=noh
koh] mé, ken nukoh, ken paéan [and ken
nukoh pish], Rey. 11, 17; 16, 5; nenukoh
[for nén noh koh], Tam, i. e. I who con-
tinue to be; and neen nukoh, Lam, Mark
15, 6; monk6é [for mo ne koh?] nnih, it
was so, Gen. 1, 7, 9, 11, ete.; kah uttoh
ké wutapin, ‘and where is he?’ Job. 14,
10, where kd serves as an auxiliary to
wutapin.
suppos.
(inan.) of kuppi, stopped, closed.
kobpaonk, vbl. n. an inclosure or shut-
up place, a ‘haven’, Acts 27, 8; Gen.
49, 13.
kobpog, suppos. of kuppi,; as n. a haven,
Gen. 49, 13. See koppémuk.
kobpohsheau, y. i. (inan. subj.) it goes
into a hayen or place protected: kuh-
tanog kobpohsheau, ‘the ship was at the
land’, John 6, 21.
kobshagkinit, suppos. when he is shut
up; asn.a prisoner; pl. -itcheg, Is. 42, 7.
kobshagkinittuonk, ybl. n. a_ being
shut up, a prison (pl. -ongash), Is. 42, 7.
kod, with a verb, signifies intention, pur-
pose, wish, desire, and sometimes gives
to the suppositive present the force of
the paulo-post-future, as uttoh kod usseit,
what he is about to do, Gen. 41, 28; kod-
ayimog, When you intend (are about) to
build, Luke 14, 28; kod nuhhug, ‘he
was about to sail’, Acts 20, 3; with the

pass.

38

kod—continued.
indicative, nu-kod-waantam, ‘I will be
wise’, Eccl. 23; suppos. kodéan,
(when) ‘thou seekest to go’, 1 K.11, 22.

fy

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

| kodtinnum

{Narr. katot enéechaw, ‘she is falling

into travail’, i. e. is about to be deliv-
ered. Abn. kada8i, inan. subj. kédasi,
“nota futuri, vel potius ad exprimen-
dum je veux, afin que, sur le point de,”’
Rasles. Del. 1’ gatta, I will (from gat-
tamen, to want, will, desire); gotta, he
willeth, Zeisb. Gr. 162. In the Chip.
and Cree kd (before a yowel, kad) or ga
has apparently lost its desiderative force
and become a prefix or auxiliary of the
simple future indicative. See Baraga,
88; Howse, 199. ]
kodchuki, (it is) a piece, ora part of (it),
Judg. 9, 538; Dan. 5, 5, 24; ‘a morsel’
(ofs food); “Brov.023; 8:
(kodchuki-wisq), ‘a potsherd’, Job 2, §
(kodchithki weyaus, a piece of meat, C.).

kodchukishk |

kodsheau, v. i. inan. subj. it falls out (of |

it), asa sword from its sheath, 2 Sam.
20,8. Cf. kodtinnum, he pulls (it) out.
kodtantam, y. t. he desires, longs for,
wishes (it).
ative of verbs of mental state or dispo-

sition; nuk-kodtantam, I desire (it), Job |

33, 32; imperat. 2d sing. ahque kodtan-
tash, do not desire, Proy. 32) Vibleus
kodtantamaonk, desire, will, Proy. 18, 1;
Rom. 7,18. With an. obj. kodtanumaii,
he desires or longs for (him); suppos.
kodténumadt, ‘if thou hast a desire unto
her’, Deut. 21, 11.

[Narr. neattatintum or neattiteam, I

long forit. Del. gottatamen, he desires. ]

kodtantupont, kodto-, n. the top or
crown of the head, Gen. 49, 26; Deut.
33, 16, 20; Job 2, 7.

[Abn. Ssskitaii/tebi, au-dessus de la
téte; Sskitsi8i, déhors, au-dessus de; kétté
(in antecessum), avant, auparavant,
Rasles. } :

kodtauwompasu (?), v. i. act. he sells or
barters;imperat. 2d sing. -pash, 2 K. 4, 7;

suppos. noh kodtauompasit, he who sells,
a seller, Ezek. 7, 12. N.
tauompasuen, Ezek. 7, 13.
kodtinneau (?), y. i. he faints; pl. -eaog,
Ts. 40, 30.
kodtinnum, y. t. he draws or pulls (one
thing out of another): nwk-kodtannum

agent. kod-

From kod, with the form- |

[BULLETIN 25

continued.

nut-togkodteg, | draw (out) my sword,
Ex. 15,9; kodtinnum wm-mokis, he drew
off his shoe, Ruth 4, 8; suppos. noh
um-mokis kodtinuk, he who draws off his
shoe, ‘that hath his shoe loosed’, Deut.
25, 10; imperat. 2d sing. kodtinash,

-tunush; with an. obj. kodtinnaii, kod-
nai, he pulls (him) out; imperat. 2d
pl. kédnak wutch notau-ut, pall him
out of the fire, Jude with pron.
affix, kod‘nneh, pull thou me out, Ps.
31, 4. From kodt-, with formative of
action performed by the hand. Cf.
kodsheau, it falls out of.

[Abn. ne-kétenemen, je tire (manu),
y. g. une épine du doigt; kéthigan, tire-
bourre. ]

kodtompskoag, as n. the top of a rock,
the summit of a cliff or crag, 2 Chr. 25,
12:

kodtongquag, suppos. inan. as n. a pile,
that which is heaped high, by placing
one above another, ‘a heap’, Ex. 15, 8.
From kodt- and onkwhau. See kottonk-
quag.

kodtmhamont, pl.
Eeel. 2, 8; suppos. of ketohomaiiaii.

kodtuhk6e (?), suppos. kodtuhkéag, -oh-
kéag, a summit or high place, the top
of a hill, Ex. 19, 20; Cant. 4,8; Is. 57, 7;
Jer. 49, 16.

*kodtukquom-unat, y. i. to besleepy, C.
From kod (desiderat. ) and wnnukquom-
unat, to dream; to be inclined to dream.

[ Narr. I am sleepy.
Abn. kadsy8, il a sommeil.
tingwan, lam sleepy, Hkw. ]

kodtumo, (it is) a year, Lev. 25, 5;
Deut. 14, 22; Luke 2, 41; pl. -mamash;
suppos. kédtumuk, -~mak, 2 K. 19, 29;
Luke 13,7. Adj. and ady. kodtumwwée,
of a year, yearly, Lev. 16, 34; 25, 53:
nishwe kodtumwae kogkodtumwae (freq. ),
‘three years [i. e. three times yearly],
year after year’, 1 Sam. 21,1. For
quthuma, it measures or is a measure;

PB

-oncheg, singers,

nkdtaquaum,

Del. 1’ gat-

suppos. guadhumuk (2). See quituhham.
[Narr. nquitte-cautiimmo, one year.
Abn. nek8tsi-gaden, nissi-gaden, one year,
Del. katteeen, year, Camp.;
gachtin, Zeisb. Shawn. kut/o.]
kodtumwohkon, y. i. from kodtima,
with the formative of verbs of progress

two years.

TRUMBULL]

kodtumwohkom—continued.

(-hkom), he goes from year to year;
(with a numeral or indefinite quantita-
tive) he is years old: nabo-neese
kodtumwohkom, she is twelve years old,
Mark 5, 42.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

[Narr. toh kutteashe kodtumwéhkom, |

how many years old are you?]
kodtuppo, vy. i. he is hungry, Is. 44,

12; Matt. 4, 2; pret. nuk-kodtup [for

-upup (?)], Il was hungry, Matt. 25, 35,

42; suppos. kadtupwutl, kodt-, when he is |
hungry, Mark 2, 25; Is. 58, 10. From |

kod, desiderative, and -uppo (v.
neric), he eats, he longs to eat.
[Narr. 1’ cattup, I am hungry; wiin-

nancattup, Lam yery hungry. Del. kat
to pu i, to hunger, Zeisb. ]

*kogkahqutteau, v. i.: nuk-kogkahqut-
team, I counsel or advise, C.; with an.
obj. kogkohkoowaii, he gives counsel (to
him), C.

kogkéau, kogkéwau, y. i. he is mad,
insane, beside himself, 1 Sam. 21, 14;

ge-

John 10, 20 (kakewau, Mass. Ps.): kuk- |
kogkei (pres. actual), thou art beside |
thyself; matta nuk-kogke-oh (negat.), I |

am not mad, Acts 26, 24, 25; suppos.

noh kogkeait, he who is mad; pl. -edcheg, |
Matt. 4, 24; suppos. pass. inan. as n. kag- |

kedmuk, madness, being mad, 1 Sam.
21, 13. Vbl. n. kogkedonk, madness.
N. agent. kogkeaen, indef. -aenin, a mad-
Adv. kogké, kogkee (kogkeae, C.),

man.
madly, of madness.
he does madly, he is actively mad,
‘lunatic’, Matt. 17, 15.
*kogkehooponat, y. i.
drunk [?], C.
[Cree kéeskwaypayoo, he is drunk. ]
kogkeissippamwau, -amou, vy. i. he is

(infin.) to be

Vb. adj. kogkeésu, |

drunk, Ps. 107, 27 (suppos. kakesup- |

padt, when he is drunk, Mass. Ps. ); im-

perat. ahque kogkesupamwish, don’t be |

drunk, C. Vbl. n. -ammonk, drunken-

ness, Deut. 29, 19. N. agent. -amwaén,

a drunkard, Proy. 26, 9.
kogkeusquau (y.i.she isa mad woman),

a harlot, Is. 23, 15, 16; pl. -squdog, |

Proy. 7,10. Vbl. n. kogkeusquawonk,

harlotry, ‘lasciviousness’, Mark 7, 22. |

kogkéwau. See kogkéau.
kogkohsum, kogoxum, kogkohkus-
sum, kuhkussum, y. t.

he cuts in |

| kogkéunum, y.

30

kogkohsum, etc.—continued.
shape, carves, engrayes, fashions by cut-
ting (it), Zech. 3, 9; (infin.) Ex. 31,5;
39, 33; suppos. noh noéhtoe kohkékdusit,
he who skilfully cuts, who has ‘skill to
graye’, 2 Chr. 2,7. Vbl. n. kogoxum-
monk, carving, ‘graying’, Zech. 3, 9.
Ady. and adj. kogoxumwe, kogoksumue,
by carving or graving, carved, graven,
2 Chr. 34, 4, 7; Jer. 51, 47, 52.

kogkopsau, (he is) deaf, Lev. 19, 14; Is.
29, 18; suppos. kékobsont, kogkobsont,
Ex. 4, 11; Ps. 38, 13; pl. -oncheg, Is.
43, 8 (kogkopsde mehtauog, a deaf ear,
C.): kohkobsahtauog, pl. -ogash, deat
ears, Is. 35, 5, =wuhtauogash kuppiye-
uash (closed ears), Mic. 7,16. From
kuppi, closed, fast, with augm. redupl.
and intr. an. formative. ’su ko-kup’su,
he is shut close. See kuppohosu.

[Narr. n’ciipsa, Tam deaf. Abn. ne-

gaghé psa. Del. gegepchoat, a deaf per-
son, Zeisb. ]

kogkotiequaii, -quaou, y. i. he sleeps
(lightly), he slumbers, Ps. 121, 3, 4.
Vbl. n. -qudonk, slumber, light sleep,
Proy, 24, 33.

k6gk6unogohquohhou, -ogkahquoh-
hou, n.athistle, 2 K.14,9; 2 Chr. 25, 28.
Cf. kénukkehtahwhaii, he pierces, pricks.

t. he withholds (it);

with an. 2d obj. he withholds (it) from

(him); kuk-kogkéunumaii, thou with-

holdest (it) from him, Job 22,7. From

kéiinumn.

| kogkussohkoag, n. a high place; pl.

-gish, 1 Sam. 13, 6. Augm. of kussoh-
koag, suppos. of kussohkéi, high.

kogoxum. See kogkdéhsum.

kogsuhkéag, n.; pl. +-ish, ‘hills’, Luke
23, 30 (for kogkussohkoagish).

koh. See ko.

kohkaton, kohketomn. See kuhkution.

kohkodhumaii, y. i. he chews the cud;
negat. matta kohkodhumoou, he does
not chew the cud, Deut. 14, 8, = matta
onchittamaua, Ley. 11, 7; suppos. koh-
kodhumont, Deut. 14, 6, =onchittamont,
Lev. 11, 3; pl. -oncheg, Deut. 14, 7.
Cf. onchittaman.

kohkonmaii, vy. t. an. he denies (him).
See quenmwaii.

kohkuhquag [suppos. of huhkuhqueu, it
goes up],n. the top (of a hill orascent),

40

kohkuhquag—continued.
a summit, Deut. 34, 1; a heap (of |
waters), Josh. 3, 13.

kohkutton, = kuhkuttwn, he thirsts.

k6hnkan, (there is) drought, vy. impers.
asn. Deut. 8, 15; en neepunne kunkanit,
in the drought of summer. Cf. kuh- |
kutton [kuhk-, wuttoon, dry, mouth], he
thirsts.

*kohunk (Peq.), a goose, Stiles.
*honck.

kommoto, kummoto, vy. i. and t. inan.
he steals, Gen. 31, 19; Matt. 6, 20; pl.
-towog, Matt. 6, 20; imperat. of prohib.
2d pl. kommatuhkon, do not steal, Ex.
20, 15; Mark 10, 19; suppos. pass. Inan.
ne kommatomuk, that which is stolen,
Gen. 31, 39 (nuk-kummot, I steal, C.).
Vb. n. kommotowonk, stealing, theft,
yx 22h Onl Snr 4 oaeNG
motowaen (indef. -aénin), a
From kémeu, secretly, by stealth.

[Narr. kuk-kiimmot, you steal; ka-

mootakick (suppos. pl.), thieves. Chip.
kemoodeshkeh, he is a thief; suppos.
chegemoodid, he who steals, John 10, 1, |
10. Abn. kem8tené, il dérobe. Del. |
kimochwen, to steal away privately, |
Zeisb.] |

komuk (?), n. a building, an (artificial) |
inclosure. The primary signification is,
perhaps, that which is built, for other
use than for a dwelling place (ék),
Acts 5, 23: woskeche komuk, the top of
the house, Is. 22, 1; askuhwetede komuk-
qut, in the watch tower, Is. 21, 5; qgun-
nunkque-komuk, high building, ‘tower’;

see

agent. kom-
thief.

meechumee-komuk, food-house, a barn, |
Luke 12, 24 (maayea-kémuk, meeting- |
house, C.).
[ Narr. wunnauchi-cémock, a chimney,
Rk. W. Miem. cémé, a harbor, Rand.
Cf. Abn. -kamig8, in ketakamig8, the
mainland; pépamkamighek, univers ( pe-
parmisi, par tout); mesag8igamigs, ‘ca-
bane de pieux, a la frangaise,’ Rasles;
Miem. makhamigue8, terre, Maill.]
kongketeaii, y. i. he is in good health
is well, Gen. 29, 6. Intens. of keteau.
*konkitchea (Narr.), as, often (?).
konkont, konkontu, n. (onomatope) a
crow, ‘raven’, Cant. 5,11; kutchikkonkont
[kehche konkont], Deut. 14, 14, and (pl.)
kihchikkongéntuog, raven, ravens, Luke |

’

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

konkont, konkontu—continued.
12, 24 (kongkont, a crow, C.).

kaka, kdga; cornix, kdrava.
(Narr. kaukont, pl. -tuog.

Sansk.

Abn. kara-
‘kara‘mes8s (dimin.), corneille. Chip.
(Gr. Tray. ) kahgahge, crow; kahgahgese,
raven (?). Menom. kahkahkawe, raven.
Shawn. kah kahk ee, crow. Onond. kah
kah.]

koénkuttwnomonk, ybl. n. thirst, Neh. 9,
15. See kuhkuttan.

*konooh (Peq.?), bear, Stiles MS., 1769,
=quinona (?).

konukkehtahwhaii, vy. t. an. he pierces
or pricks (him) with a sharp instru-
ment; lit. he causes (it) to pierce
(him); pl. -whodg, they pierce; and
pass. they are pierced, Acts 2, 37; with
pron. affixes, uk-kénukkehtahwhoh, he
pierced him with (a spear), John 19,
34 (suppos. instrum. konnuketuhwheg,
kunnukuhtohwheg, a spear, Mass. Ps.,
leh Bay ae 75 Oe

| konuksheau, vy. i. inan. subj. it pierces, it

penetrates, 2 K.18, 21; suppos. kanwk-
ashunk, when it pierces, piercing, Heb.
4, 12.

konumuk, that which bears or supports:
ohke konamuk, ‘the pillars of the earth’,
Ps. 75, 3. From kemin, suppos. inan.
pass.

k6nunnont, suppos. of kenunnaii, he car-
ries (an. obj. ).

*kopiauss, kupyas ( Peq. ), a frog, Stiles.

kopp6émuk [= kobhamuk], a haven (that
which is closed), Acts 27, 12.

*kdpposh, n. a sturgeon, C.

' posh.

késhkag, koskag, width or breadth.
See kishki.

k6éshki. See kushki.

k6ésittag, kasittag, when it is hot; sup-
pos. of kussittau, q. v.

késkag. See kishki; késhkag.

k6sukquom (?), n. a witch.

[Abn. k8ssigaiin, k8ssigann, ‘une jong-

lerie,’ etc.; ‘le feu fausses observations
de futuro’, Rasles. ]

See *kai-

{kottonkquag, a heap, Mass. Ps., Ps. 33,

7; kodtunkquag, 78, 13.] Cf. kodtong-
quag; kuhkuhqueu.

kouéu, kouweu, v. i. he sleeps, Gen. 2,
21; Matt. 8, 24; 9, 24; (definit. pres.
kouéi, he is asleep, he now sleeps, 1 kK.

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 4]

kouéu, kouweu—continued.

18, 27); nuk-kouem, I sleep, Cant. 5, 2;
suppos. 2d sing. kaéan, when thou sleep-
est, Eph. 5, 14; 3d sing. noh hait, kawit,
he who sleeps; pl. kaécheg. Vbl. n.
kouéonk, sleeping, sleep, Proy. 24, 33;
mishe-koueonk, a deep sleep, Gen. 15,
12. N. agent. kouéuen (indef. -énin), a
sleeper, Jonah 1, 6.

[Narr. (pres. defin.) cowwéwi, he is
asleep; cowwéwock, they sleep; yO cow-
ish, lodge here; (suppos. ) cdwit, while
he slept. Abn. ne-ka8i, je dors; ka8, il
dort. Del. gauwiu; participle pres.
(suppos.) gewi, sleeping; gauwin, to
sleep, Zeisb.; n’gduwi, Hkw. (n’ gowe,
Cass), I sleep. ]

k6iihquodt, kduhquod, kéunkq-, n. an
arrow, Ps. 11, 2; Prov. 25, 18; Job 41,
28; pl. -tash, 2 K. 18, 15, 18. From
kéiis, a thorn, whq- (rad. of uhqude, at
the point or extremity), pointed, and
ohteau (suppos. inan.), that which has
a sharp point or is sharp at the end.

[Narr. pl. katiquatash. Peq. kee-
guum, khegunt, Stiles. Abn. kaiiséio,
cela est épineux, aigu (arSs, fléche
sans téte; pa'ksé, fléche 4 téte); kaiiksk-
ar&s, fléche ot il y a des plumes, ete.
Chip. (Sag.) keenowawkoyn. ]

k6iinum, vy. t. he carries, supports, holds

in hand; suppos. kéunuk (ne kéunuk,
what he carried, ‘his carriage’, 1 Sam.
17, 22); pl. qunuhtukquash kounukeg,
they who carry spears, ‘spearmen’,
Acts 23, 23; freq. kogkéunwm, he holds
or carries (it) habitually, continues to
hold or carry (it), as a distaff, Proy.
31,19; with an. obj. kéunaii, kogkou-
nail, Gen. 19, 16; Ps. 139, 10; Rev. 20, 2.
k6iis, n. a thorn, a briar, Is. 55, 13; 2 Cor.
12,7; Mic. 7, 4; a bramble, Judg. 4, 14,
15: kishke kéiis-sehtu, by the (thorn)
bushes, Job 30, 4. See asinnekdiis.

The radical is whq, pointed (see uh- |

quaew), with perhaps the vb. adj. form-
ative -ussu, he is sharp pointed (pl.
-sog), Which gives the noun the ani-
mate form.
[Abn. kaiisis, épine. ]

kouweu. See kouéu.

ko. See kowa.

ka@che. See kutche.

kochteau, y. t. he adds to or increases
by progression; primarily a causative,
he makes it progress or go on; infin.
-eaunat, ‘to add’ (i. e. to go from) one
thing to another, Deut. 29, 19; with
an. 2d obj. nuk-kachte-oh, I add to him
(years to his life, 2 K. 20,6). From
kooche (kutche). See kotnau.

komhkokhaus, n. (onomatope) an owl,
Deut. 14, 15, 16; Ley. 11, 16; pl. -sog,
Job 30, 29; kehche (and mishe) koh-
kokhaus, the great owl, Deut. 14, 16;
Is. 34, 15; dimin. kwhkakhomwem, the
little owl, Deut. 14, 16, =mhmwmous,
Lev. 11,17. Cf. wéwés (screech owl).

[Narr. kokékehom, ohédmous, an owl.
Abn. k8k8kas8, chat-huant (and kSkass8,
le coucou). Chip. 6-k6-k6-0, ko-ko-ko-o.
Del. gokhoos, owl; gokhotit, a little owl,
Zeisb. ]

kowkokanogs, n. a bell, Ex. 39, 25, 26
[-ogqussu, owl-like (?)].

kon, n. snow, Ex. 4, 6; Job 6, 16; Ps.
148, 6. Cf. muhpa, séchepo.

[Narr. céne (and séchepo). Del. gin,
guhn, Zeisb. Chip. kon, aw-kone. Me-
nom. koon. |

kotnau, kmtnehteau, y. t. he makes
an addition to (it), increases (it) by
adding (ef. kachteau): ahque kotnish,
thou shalt not [do not] add to it, Deut.
12, 32; matta uk-kootnau-é-un, he did
not add (anything or more), Deut. 5,
22: uk-katnehteau-un, he addeth to it,
Gal. 3, 15; imperat. 2d pl. katnehteau-
ok, add ye to (it), 1 Pet. 1, 5.

kmwa, ko, n. a pine tree, ‘fir’, Hos.
14, 8; pl. kowaog. From the same
root as kdéiis, the tree, like the English
pine (pin tree), taking its name from
its pointed leaves, épines, or its general
shape.

{Narr. kéwaw, a pine tree; dimin.
kowawésuck (pl.), young pines. Abn.
k&é, pin; kanSis, épine, Rasles; modern
Abn. ko-wa, pine tree, K. A. Del. cu-we,
Zeisb. ]

kubhog, thy body, thy person, thyself,
Matt. 22, 39. See -hog.

kuhkenauwéhbhéau, vy. caus. an. (augm.
of kenaihheau) he shapes, fashions,
gives form to (an an. obj.), Job 26,
13; suppos. kahkenauwéheont, he form—

42 BUREAU

kuhkenauwéhhéau—continued.

ing (when he forms), Is. 44, 10; pass. |

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

kuhkenaihetteau, he is formed; pret. nuk- |
kuhkenaihetteap, | was shapen, Ps. 51,5. |

Ady. kuhkénauwe, shapely, in order,
orderly, Luke 1, 1,3. With inan. obj.
kuhkenauwehteau, he shapes or fashions
(it); pret.nwk-kuhkenauwehteop, [formed
(it), Is. 45, 7. Cf. kenawvameonk.
kuhkham, kuhhan, y. t. he marks (it)
out; uk-kuhkham-un, he marks it out
(nashpe pemunneat, by a line, Is. 44, 13);
suppos. instr. [kuhkheg] kuhheg, that

which seryes to mark with, a line; pl. |
nuk-kuhheganash, my lines, Ps. 16, 6: |

¢

kuhhegan-ehtu, within the lines, ‘gates’,
Deut. 15, 7; freq. and augm. kuhkuh-
heg, a (land-) mark, bound, limit, Ex.
23, 31; Prov. 23, 10; Matt. 25, 4; line,
Ts. 28, 10 (kuhkehheg, a rule; adj. kuh-
kuhhegane, regular, C.).
kuhkinnean, y. t. he observes, takes
note of, marks (mentally or by obser-

vation), Ley. 13, 33; suppos. kohkinnuk; |
3d pl. kéhkinnumohettit, Ex. 12,42 (nuk- |

keehkeneam, I view, C.).

kuhkinneasu, y. i. he makes a mark,
distinguishes by mark or observation,
Job 33, 11; imperat. 2d sing. kuhkin-
neasish, mark thou, take note, observe,
Ruth 3, 4. Vbl. n. -aswonk, a mark,
sign, token, Rey. 13, 16; 14, 9; Is. 20,3;
pl. -ongash, Gall 6s feePsnlson os

kuhkotomaii, y. t. inan. and an. he
points (it) out to, shows, makes known
to (him); kuk-kuhkowtom-oush mogagish,
T will show thee mighty things, Jer.

33, 3; uk-kuhk@tomaii-uh, he showed
(it) to him, Ex. 15, 25.

[Narr. kuk-kakétemous, I will show
thee (the way); kokotemiinnea mayi,
show me the way. ]

kuhkotomwehteaii, y. caus. inan. and
an. he instructs him, teaches (it) to
(him) [nuk-kuhkotumwehteam, I teach,
C.] N. agent.
teacher, 1 Chr. 25, 8 (a minister or
schoolmaster, C.). Vbl. n.
teaching, instruction, C.

kuhkuhheg, suppos. instrum. a bound,
landmark, limit. See kuhkham.

kuhkuhhunk, a boundary; pl. -kgash,
Gen. 49, 26; suppos. of kuhkuhheau, it
marks. [kuhkunnunk, a bound, Mass.
Ps. 104, 9.]

kuhkatomwmehteden, a

-teaonk,

|

[BULLETIN 25

kuhkuhqueu, y. i. he goes upward, as-
cends, Ex. 24,15, 18; Judg. 13, 20; sup-
pos. howan kohkuhqueil, who shall as-
cend? ete., Rom. 10,6. Ady. kuhkuhque,
above, higher, Josh. 15, 19; suppos.
inan. kohkuhquag [kottonkquag, Mass.
Ps. 33, 7], (that which goes above,) a
sumimit,a heap. With inan. subj. kuh-
kuhgqshin, it goes wp, Ezek. 41, 7. Cf.
quinukque, quinuikque.

kuhkuhqunaii, y. t. an. he draws him
up; pl. -qundog nashpe pemuneohtanash,
they drew (him) up with cords, Jer.
38, 13.

kuhkussum. See koghkéhsum.

kuhkutton, kohkaton, kohketon,
y. i. he thirsts, is thirsty [has a dry
mouth, kohnkan wut-ton], Judg. 15, 18;
John 4, 13: nuk-kohkutton [nuh-koh-
kittoon, C.J, I thirst, Judg. 4, 19; sup-
pos. noh kaukuttag, he who thirsts, Matt.
5, 6; Is. 55, 1; pl. particip. neg kau-
kultagig, the thirsty, they who thirst,
Matt. 5,6. Ady. and adj. kuhkuttaonme,
of thirst, thirsty, Is. 41, 17. Vbl. n.
-anoonk, thirst, Ex. 17,3; Judg. 15, 18;
kénkuttaomoonk, Neh. 9, 15.

(Narr. nic-cdwkatone, | am thirsty. ]

kuhpéau, y. i. he comes to land, lands
(from a boat); pl. kuhpéog, Acts 27, 43,
44. From kuppi.

kuhpinaii, kuhpunaii, y. t. an. he
draws (him) out [of the water (?)], Ps.
18, 16: hashabpoh (an.), he draws
the net, John 21, 11. [nuk-kuhpunuk-
up, ‘he drew me out’ (of the waters),
Mass. Ps., Ps. 18, 16; kuhpun-up asha-
poh, ‘he drew the net’, Mass. Ps., John
21, 11.)

kuhpohke, n. [kuppi-ohke, protected or
inclosed place] the landing place, the
shore; kuhpohke-it, on the shore, Matt.
13, 2. Ct. kobhamuk.

*kuhpohhonk, n.a ladle or spoon (?), C.

kuhpohkomuk.

kuhpmhhamowonk, a haven, Acts 27,
12. See kobhamuk; kuppohham.

kuhpunaii. See huhpinaii.

kuhquttum, vy. t. he designates, appoints
(marks out) ; nuk-kuhquttum ayeuonk, I
appoint a place, 2Sam. 7,10. Ady. and
adj. kuhquitumme, of appointment, des-
ignated, Jer. 8, 7. Cf. quttthham, he
measures.

kuhtomnog, =kehtmnog, a ship.,

See kuppohkomuk.

TRUMBULL]

kukkehtaii, kukkeihtaii, y. t. an. he

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

{

gives attention to, hearkens to, observes |

(him). From kuhkham, he marks (?).
Imperat. 2d sing. kukkeitash, Ps. 45, 10
[ahchusutash, Mass. Ps.]; (2d-+-1st sing. )
kukkehtah, hearken to me, Num. 23, 18;
2d pl. noh kukkeitok, to whom, hearken
ye, Deut. 18, 15.

[Narr. kihkita, hearken thou to me.
Abn. ne-kiktam, je suis attentif, j’écoute;
imperat. kita, kekSittaiimi, je t’écoute,
je tobéis. ]

kukkonashquae(?), ady. and adj.:
missonkquaminneash, ‘full ears of corn
in the husk’, 2 K. 4, 42.

kukkow. ‘ee kiyunk.

*kumma, adv. lately, C.

kummoto. See kommoto, he steals.

*kunam (Narr. ), a spoon; pl. -mduog, R.
W.; kunndm, quonnam, C.

See kuttumma.

See kendm. |

kunkohteddtede, ady. and adj. of dry- |

ness, dry: ohke, dry (i. e. parched

by drought) land, Jer. 50, 12. See
koéhnkan, (there is) drought.
*kunnatequanick, n.awindow,C. See

kenogkeneg.
*kunnosnep (Narr.), n. a killock or
anchor, R. W. See kenuhquab.
kuppadt, kuppad, n. ice, Job 6, 16; 38,
29. From kuppi-ohteau; lit. ‘when it
is covered’ or ‘closed up.’
[Peq. kuppat, Stiles. Narr. capat,
R. W. Del. k’patten, it (e. g. the river)
is frozen up, Zeisb. ]
*kuppaquat (Narr. ), ‘it is overcast’, i.e.
when it is cloudy, =kuppohquodt.
kuppi, (1) (it is) close, shut in, inclosed.

>

(2) thick, close together. (3) as n. a |

thicket (a place where trees grow close |

together), a ‘wood’, Eccl. 2, 6; ‘grove’,
IL 1k, 1G), GEIS PP. DL Sie kuppahtu, in
covert, Job 38, 40; ‘in thickets’, Jer. 4,
29; Is. 9, 18; pl. kuppiyeuash, ‘groves’,
2 Chr. 31, 1. (Sansk. kwmb or kub,

tegere; Greek KUz@, Okéz@: Engl. |

keep, coop. )
(Narr. cuppi-machdug, thick wood, a
swamp, R. W.]
kuppogki, (it is) thick: kuhpogku poh-
kenai, (there is) thick darkness, Deut.
4,11; pasuk menutcheganit unnukkuhque
kuppogki, (it is) a hand’s breadth thick,

2 Chr. 4, 5; suppos. ne kéhpogok, the |

thickness of it (géhpogok, Ezek. 41, 9).
Ady. kuppogke, Ezek. 41, 26.

| *kupyas.

43

kuppogki—continued.

[Abn. kepdghé, (bois) épais, en plat;
suppos. kepaghek. Del. kopachkan; an.
kopachkisso, Zeishb. ]

kuppohham, kuppuhham, y. t. he
stops, stays, closes (it), 2 Chr. 32, 30;
pl. 2 K. 3, 25; Heb. 11, 33; suppos. kob-
hog, when he stops (it): noh kobhog, he
who stops (it), Job 38, 37; pl. neg kob-
hogeg, 2 Chr. 32, 4; pass. (inan. subj. )
kobhamuk, when it is closed, when it
closes, Josh. 2, 5; Titus 1, 11; with an.
obj. kuppohhaii, kuppuhhou, he stops
(him). Wbl. n. kuppohhamaonk, -mé-
wonk, a stopping (place), a ‘haven’,
Acts 27,12. From kuppi-+ om (ohham),

[nuk-kupham, I shut, C.]

[Narr. kuphémmin, to shut the door;
kiiphash, shut the door, R. W. Abn.
ne-kephamen, je le bouche (un trou).
Del. kpa-hi, shut the door; kpa-hoon, a
door, Zeish. Voe. ]

kuppohkomuk [huppi-komuk], n. (1) a
place inclosed, shut in; (2) a place
which is thick-set, where trees are close
together, Deut. 16, 21.

[Narr. cappacommock, ‘which sig-
nifies a refuge or hiding-place, as I con-
ceive.” R. W.]

kuppohosu, kuppuhhausu, y. adj. he
is stopped, stayed, shut in, 1 Sam. 23,7;
Rom. 3, 19; and y. i. he stops or closes.
Ct. kogkopsau, (he is) deaf.

[Narr. 1’ cvipsa, Iam deaf. Abn. ke-
bahaiis8, il bouche cela; gaghé‘psé, il est
sourd. Del. kpahasu, Zeisb. ]

kuppohquodt, (when it is) cloudy
weather, when the sky is overcast.
Ady. and adj. -quodtée, -quodte (2),
cloudy, Ezek. 30, 3.

[Narr. kippaquat. ]

kuppuhham. See kuppohham.

he goes.

kuppuhhausu. See kuppohosu.
kuppuhhou, n. a door, Proy. 26, 14.
kuppohham.
[Del. kpa-hoon, Zeisb. Voc. 8.]
kupputton [=huppi-wuttan, closed
mouth], v. i. he is dumb, speechless:
pish kukkupputtan, thou shalt be dumb,
Luke 1, 20; pret. kupputtwn-up, he was
speechless, Luke 1. 22.
kupshagkineasuonk, ybl. n. imprison-
ment; pl. -ongash, Heb. 11, 36.

See

See kopiauss,; cf. mohmoskuh-

teas.

44 BUREAU
kushki, (it is) rough (it scratches, is
harsh): —— hogkmwonk, a rough gar-
ment, Zech. 13, 4; mayash, rough
ways, Luke 3, 5; with an. subj. (v. adj. )
kushkesu, he is rough.
[Cree, kowissu, he is rough; kaskaska-
Abn. katkhigan,

hum, he scrapes it.

la gratte, instrument 4 gratter les
peaux. |
kuspinum. ‘ee hishpinwm.

kussa-, kusso-, in comp. words, hot,
warm. See mohkussa.

kusse-, kes-, (augm.) in comp. words,
very much, fully, completely. See
kesantam.

[Abn. kesi (partic. ) trés. ]

kusseh, interj. lo, behold, El. Gr. 22.

[Del. sche, schela, see there! Zeisb. ]

kussehtanip[pe], -tanup, n. a stream,
a current, Ps. 124, 4; Is. 30, 28; pl.
-peash, Is. 34, 9. For kussehtan-nippe,
flowing water, Is. 30,25. Hence (adv. )

the stream of a
brook, Job 6, 15; anuwutehuwane kus-
sehtanup, an overflowing stream, Is.
30, 28.

kussitchuan, -uwan [khusse-utchuan],
vy. unipers. it flows in a rapid stream or
current, it continues flowing; as n. a
rapid stream, a current, Ps. 46, 4; 78,
16, 20; pl. -nash, Cant. 4, 15.

[Abn. kesi (partic.) trés; kesiré, il
va trés vite; kesitsSaiin, kesitaiin, elle
(la riviére) est rapide. ]

kussitteau, -tau, vy. i.

kussehtanne sepuese,

it is hot; as n.

OF AMERICAN

)

|

|

heat (of the sun, or natural heat), Job

24,19; 30, 30; Is. 49, 10; suppos. kdsit-

tag, kosittag, when it is hot, in the heat |

of the day, Gen. 18, 1; 1 Sam. 11, 11.
For kuss-ohteau (pajeh kussohtd-ut, ‘till

the sun be hot’, Neh. 7,3); suppos. kés- |

ohtag, Ex. 16, 21. (With -sh, of invol.

action or of derogation, kissittashau, he |

sweats, C.)

[Narr. kussiittah, it is hot; kdusitteks,
hot weather; nick-qussittdunum, I sweat.
Abn. kesidé, vel kesabedé, cela est chaud.
Del. kschitie?, warm, hot, Zeisb. Gr. 42;
kschitteii, warm, hot (it is); v. adj., ibid.
163.]

kusso-. See kussa-.

kussohk6i, n. a summit, point of rock |

or earth, a crag, ‘high hill’, Ezek. 6,
13; kussohkoi-ompsk, ‘a sharp rock’,

kussompskussum, y. t.

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 52°

kussohk6i—continued.
1 Sam. 14, 4; kussohkédiyeue ayeuonganit,
‘in the top of high places’, the high-
est place, Prov. 8, 2; kussohkdéiyeue wad-
chu-ut, ‘into a high mountain’, Is. 40,9
(kussuhkoe wadchu, high hill, Mass. Ps.,
Ps. 104,18). Cf. tohkotauaog kussampsk-
kéi-yeu-ut, ‘they climb upon the rocks’,
Jer. 4, 29.

he heats or
makes hot (an oven, furnace, etc.);
infinit. -umunat, Dan. 3, 19; suppos.
kussampskussuk, when he heats (it),
Hos. 7,4. From kussa, ompsk (astone),
with the formative of verbs denoting
action of fire (-’sswm): he makes the
stones hot (for cooking in the Indian
manner). i

[Abn. kesapskedé, pierre chaude. ]

kussopitteau, y. i. it is very hot, heated
(by fire, or beyond natural heat); sup-
pos. kissopittag, kossopittag, when it is
very hot; as n. great heat, Deut. 29, 24;
2 Pet. 3, 10; Job 6, 17.

Ady. and adj.
-pittde, -petde, hot (by the action of fire,
ete.) 2 Same21 6s) ss 6; il: ague,
for ‘fever’, Deut. 28, 2. (Vbl. n. kis-
sopetteahdonk, fervency, heat, C.)

kussoppussu, -pissu, y. adj. an. he is
hot; pl. -suog, Hos. 7, 7; suppos. kusso-

posuk, when he is hot: nepauz kusso-
pasuk, when the sun is hot (?), 1 Sam.
11,9 (nuk-kissdpis, lam hot, C.). Vbl.
n. kussoppissuonk, heating, heat, inflam-
mation, Deut. 28, 2. From kussa and
appomsu.

*kussunnash4aonk, n. ‘fever’, Mass. Ps.,
John 4, 52 (wesaushaonk, El. ).

kutamungineaeaii, y. t. an. he pities
(him), Joel 2,18. Cf. kitteamonteanu-
mail.

kutche, km@che [k’mche, k’wutche] sig-
nifies, primarily, it proceeds or makes
progress from; hence, it begins, has its
origin or source; but while noche is
used with reference to a beginning or
starting point, present or past, kache
or kutche connotes progression or the
going on from a beginning or origin in
the past to the present or future, or the
relation of a cause to its effect in the
present or future. Eliot does not ap-
pear to have made this distinction in
all cases; e. g. kitchu, he began (to curse,

“TRUMBULL ]

kutche, koche—continued.
ete.), Matt. 26, 74; but nache in the
corresponding verse, Mark 14, 71. Ne
wutche kutche, ‘then began’, i. e. there-
from went on, Gen. 4,26; na . . . kach,
therefrom (will he gather youtogether),
Deut. 30, 4; yeu kache omohkinunun,
for this cause I raised thee up, Ex. 9,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

16; kache-kekéndn, kache-mamonchanan, |

kachu wutéhkinaan, kooche-kinnean, ‘in
him [from him] we live, we move, we
have our being . . . we are his off-
spring’, Acts 17, 28.
koche, more, C.) Cf. Fk;
(suppos. kahche-mmuk); kehche; keht-.
[Narr. nen kitche, I begin, or nuk-
kitchetissem.
ayant, auparavant.
[=hitche], servent 4 former des tems
antérieurs; kich répond aussi 4 notre
oui, ou déja, pour le temps passé, Maill.
Cree kéeche-tow, he begins it; kiitche
(conj. causal), that, to the end that.
Chip. kéja, in advance, beforehand;
kitchi (after, in time], Bar. ]
*kutchinnu (Narr. ), a middle-aged man,
R.W. See kehchissu. Eliot has keth-
chenuog, ‘the aged men’, i. e. those who
are growing (-innuog) old, Tit. 2, 2.
kutchiog, pl. old men, Ps. 148, 2; keh-
cheiog, Esth. 3, 13. See kéhche.
*kutchishin, y. i. (inan. subj.) it begins,
Man. Pom. 88; opposed to wohkukquo-
shin, it ends.
kutchisqua. See kehchisqua.
kutchissik, kddshik [suppos. of kutchis-

(kutche, begun; |
kachémo |

Abn. kétté, in antecessum, |
Micm. kich et kigi |

sin or -ishin], when it begins; as n. the |
. . : . . |
beginning (of that which continues to |

be or to act): weske kutchissik, in the
(very, or new) beginning, Gen. 1, 1;

wutche kutchissik onk yean wehgshik, from |

the beginning to the end, Eccl. 3, 11;

kddshik muttaok, the beginning of the

world, Is. 64, 4. Cf. kehchissu.
kutchissumaii, y. t.

20; John 9, 7; nuk-kutchessum, I wash
myself, John 9, 11 (nuk-kitisum, I

wash, C.); pl. -maog wut-hashabpooh. |

(an.), they wash their nets, Luke 5, 2;
imperat. 2d sing. -mush, wash thyself,
2 K. 5, 10; suppos. kutchessumog nuhhog
nippe, if I wash myself with water,
Job9, 30. Vbl. n. kutchissuméonk, wash-

an. and refl. he
washes himself or another, 2 Sam. 12,

45

kutchissumaii—continued.
ing one’s self or another, Eph. 5, 26;
Tit. 3,5. With inan. obj. kutchissittau,
kitshittau, he washes (it), Gen. 49, 11;
1 K. 22, 38; imperat. 2d sing. kutchis-
sittaush, 2 Sam. 11, 8; pish kuk-kitshit-
tau-un, thou shalt wash it, Ley. 6, 27.
Vbl. n. kutchissitt6onk, Neh. 4, 23.
[Abn. ne-kesig8d, je me lave le visage;

ne-kesiretsa,

les mains; ne-keseség-

une chemise). Del.
kschiechsu, vy. adj. clean; Fschiechem,
wash him; kschiechtool, wash it, Zeisb. }

kutham. See kuttahham.

*(kutham, ] v. t. he hollows out, makes
a hole (?) ; nuk-kutham, Imakea hole, C.

[Abn. kégSina8a Saiirk&taSan (ou)

iSnSairkéts8n, avec quoi creuseras-tu?]

*kutquauss (Peq.), a partridge, Stiles.
See pahpahkshas; *paupock.

kuts, kuttis, n. the cormorant, Lev. 11,
7; Is. 34, 11; kuttithsu-og (pl.), Deut.
14, 17.

[Narr. (pl.) kitsuog.]

kutshdmun. See wkkutshaumun.

kuttahham, kutham, y. t. he digs (it),
he digs (it) up or out, or digs into (it),
Proy. 16, 27; Job 24, 16 (pl.): wk-kutham-
un, he digged it (a pit, Ps. 7, 15).

kuttaihe, (it is) thine, belongs to thee;
kuttahein (incl. pl.) it is ours, belongs
tous. See wuttaiheau.

kuttinne, thou thyself, tu ipse, the em-
phasized pronoun of the 2d pers. sing.

henan, —— (v. g.

See wuttinne.

kuttinsh, Ist+-2d sing. I say to thee,
Matt. 5, 26.

kuttis. See huts.

kuttm, y. i. he speaks, utters speech,
1K: 8, 12; Job 3, 2: kuttw kah nowan,
he spake and said. Freq. [hkekuttw];
suppos. pl. kikuttag, kakettoog; negat.
mat kikuttoog, mo-kakuttog, when they
speak not, the speechless, the dumb,
Ex. 4, 11; Ps. 38,13. With 2’ progres-
sive, ketokau, he goes on speaking, he
talks; and freq. keketokau, he converses,
narrates. See ketokau. Vhbl.n. kutta-
wonk, speech, utterance (‘the Word’,
John 1,1); pl. -ongash: kuk-kuttaawon-
gash, thy words, thy speech, Job 4, 4;
Is. 29, 4; ketoohkaj kuttowonk, ‘let him
speak a word’, Gen. 44, 18 (huttw-
onk, C.). Ct. kehketohkdonk, continued

See wuttinuh.

46

kutto—continued.
speech, talk, narration; hettoowonk (see
hennaii), unnontawaonk, language, mu-
tual speech. (Sansk. gad (dicere, loqui)
and kath (loqui); repet. gadgada (lallans,
balbutiens. )

[Abn. ketSaiigan, parole. Chip. ikito,
he says; gigito, he speaks, Bar. (ékidoo,
J.). Cree ketéo, he speaks; suppos.
ketéot.

kuttumma, kit-, adv. very lately, El.
Gr. 21 (kumma, C.).

[Narr. kittummdy, even now; kittum-

ydi tokéan, as soon as I wake. |

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

BULLETIN 25
[

kuttumma, kit-, conj. unless, El. Gr.

22; John 3, 3, 5; Acts 8, 31 (kittumma,
C.). [= qut matta (but not), without,
i. e. unless there be, Job 6, 6.]
kuttumungee(?), low, poor, pitiable (cf.
kitteamonteanumait): kuttumungee woske-
tomp, ‘a mean man’, Is. 31, 8; kut-
tumungkosketomp-aog (pl.), ‘men of low
degree’, Ps. 62, 9.
{[Chip. kitimagad, it is poor, mean
(of a house, e. g.); an. kitimagisi, he
is poor, Bar. Del. ktemaxu, he is poor,
miserable, Zeisb. ]
k’wutche. See kutche.

MM

m’ (or, as written by Eliot, m followed

by a short vowel) is an indeterminate |
and impersonal prefix which may be |

translated by ‘some,’ ‘any,’ or occa-
sionally by ‘a,’ ‘an,’ or ‘the.’ Du-
ponceau (notes to Eliot’s Gr. xiv)

mistook this prefix for ‘a definite arti- |

cle’, as Howse (p. 245) has shown.
It is found with substantives signify-
ing the body and its parts, with the
names of a few objects which were
regarded as specially belonging to the
person, and with some concrete and
material nouns, e. g. m’askeht, grass
(from askehteau, it is green); may, path,
way (from du, he goes); m’in, a fruit
(from -in, formative of verbs of grow-
ing), ete. In all these it retains its
primary signification as a negative or
its secondary as a preteritive particle
(see mo). It negates the personal re-
lation or appropriation which the pro-
nominal prefixes affirm, e. g. nut-tah

(wtah), my heart; kuttah (k’tah), thy |
heart; métah (m’tah), heart, not mine |

or thine, but some or any heart. It has
in no case a definite or determinate
force, but always the opposite.
machemohtde, lasting, enduringly. See
michemohteau.
*mdachequoce (Narr.), n.
wampum, R. W.

[Abn. sk8aiis8, collier de porce-
laine(?).]
machipsqueht-uash, n. pl. ‘rough

places’, Is. 40, 4.

a girdle of |

machipsqueht-uash—continued.
[Narr. machipscat, a stone (stony?)
path. ]

machish. See mahche; mayjish.

machuk, suppos. of matche, bad.

maggokinont, pl. -oncheg, ‘the spou-
ers’, Jer. 51, 48; suppos. of mukkak-
inaiu.

magkkinnum, =mukkinnum, he col-
lects or gathers.

magéadtik, (that which is) precious,
2 Chr. 9, 1; suppos. of mégéadtue.

mago, magou, v. t. (1) he offers or
presents (it), he gives (it), Esth. 2,
18; Ps. 147, 16 (mdkun-, Mass. Ps.):
num-mag, I present (it); imperat. 2d
sing. magish; 2d pl. magw@k; um-mag-un,
he offers it. (2) he gives in exchange,
he sells; pl. magmog, they sell, Ex. 21,
35; suppos. noh maguk, he who sells,
the seller, Is. 24, 2; freq. mahmagmw;
pret. mahmagup, he sold often, ‘was a
seller of’, Acts 16, 14.

[Narr. mduks, give thou; mdaugoke,
give ye. Abn. ne-méghen, je donne.
Cree imdygu, he gives; imdmdaygu, he
gives with iteration; mdygaysku, he
gives very often, habitually. Chip.
mégewain, he gives it, J. Del. méken,
he gives away, parts with (it), Zeisb.
Gr. 144.] :

magoonk, ybl. n.a giving, gift, offering,

Ex. 23, 8; Gen. 33, 12: maga mago-
ongash, he gives gifts, Esth. 2, 18.
[Quir. maugatikg’, his gift, Pier. 51.]

TRUMBULL]

mahche (nearly related to if not identical
with mahtsheau, it passes away, is gone),
(1) after, in time, Luke 6, 1; mahche
quinnuppekompauean, after thou art
(mayest be) converted, Luke 22, 32.
(2) it serves as the auxiliary of the per-
fect and past perfect tenses, and, com-
bining with the verb, receives the pro-
nom. prefix: uwm-mahche ussen, he hath

done it, Is. 44, 23; ne mahche, that which

~hath been, Ecel. 3, 15; mahche wunna- |

munuh, (he) had blessed them, Gen.
DAS:
ciates this word with ‘‘ahtéutimat, to
have, to be had,’’ and gives ‘‘num-
mahche, | have or had; kum-mahche,
thou hast, thou hadst,”’ ete. Cf. amdeii,
he departs; Narr. maw.

{Narr. mauch or mésh: tashin mésh
com-matg, how much have you given?
Cree ghee (auxil.), have. Chip. ke or
ge, J. ki- (suppos. ka-), sign of the per-
fect and pluperfect, Bar.; mashi, yet
{i. e. until now]; ka mashi, not yet.
Del. ma-tschi, already, Zeisb. Voc. ]

mahchekussum, -kissummmo, vy. t.
(fire) consumes, burns (it) up, 1 K. 18,

“c

38; 2 Chr. 7, 1; with an. obj. mah-

chekuswai, (fire) consumes (him), Job
1, 16; wm-mahchekusw-oh, it consumed
him, 2 K.1, 10; with an. subj. (v. adj. )
mahchikkussu, he is consumed (by fire
or heat); pl. -ussuog, Deut. 32, 24.
From mahche, kussa.

mahchepao, y.i. (1) he haseaten, has done
eating; (2) he makes an end of eating,

Cotton, strangely enough, asso- |

eats (it) up, Ex. 13, 32; infinit. -pun- |

neat, Luke 17,9; imperat. 2d sing. mah-
chipwush, eat it up, Rev. 10; 9 (num-
mahchip, 1 devour, C.). With an. obj.
mahchipwait [mahcheppwaii|, he de-
yours (him), i. e. eats him up, makes
an end of him, Ezek. 19, 6.
mahche and -uppo, formative of verbs
of eating.

[Narr. madvichepwut, when he hath
eaten; mauchepweéan, aiter I (shall)
have eaten. ]

mahchi. See mohchi, (it is) empty.

mahchinau, v. i. he is sick, Gen. 48, 1;
B Rion; Wey, as (nen
moachinam, Cant. 5, 8), I am, or was,
sick, Matt. 25, 36 (num-mahcheem, C.);

?

num-mahchinam

From

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

47

mahchinau—continued.
suppos. mahchinadt, Ley. 15, 33; pl.
-indcheg, the sick, Matt. 9, 12. Vbl.n.
mahchindonk, sickness, 1 K. 8, 37.
[Narr. num-marichnem, I am_ sick;
mauchinaii (pres. defin.), he is sick
(mohchinnai, C.).]

mahchishgq, n. an empty vessel (mohchi-
wishq); pl. -quash, Judg. 7, 16; 2 K. 4, 3.

See wishq.
mahchumo, -ummu, y. i. (inan. subj.)
it is waste, barren, deserted, Nah. 2,
10; Ezek. 29, 9 (machimo, Is. 19, 5).
Ady. and adj. mahchumme, mohchumme,
of waste, of barrenness, waste, barren,
Ts. 52, 9; 61, 4; Zeph. 1, 15. Vbl. n.
-mmoonk, a waste, desolation, Jer. 49,
13. See méhchééu; mohchi.
mahchumwéhtau, y. caus. inan. he
wastes (it), makes (it) waste; pl. -éhtéog,
Jer. 2, 15: num-mahchumwéht-oh, I make
thee waste, Ezek. 5, 14. Vbl. n. mah-
chumwehtéonk, wasting, a making waste,
Is. 59, 7.
mahmuttattag. See mohmuttahtag.
mahshagquodt, n. (a time or season of)
famine, Gen. 12, 10; 26,1. From maht-
Ady. mahshogque, Ps. 17, 19.
mahshétahshik, suppos. of mishetashin,
there is a tempest, a great wind.
mahtantam, mohtantam, y. i. he is
old, implying decrepitude, senility,
and decay. Cf. kehchissu. From maht-
(mahche) and -antam, the formative of
verbs of mental activity, he is past-
minded or failing-minded: nuwm-mah-

sheau.

tantam, I am old, Ps. 37, 25; suppos.
mahtauntog, when she is old, Prov. 23,
22; ‘full of days’, Jer. 6, 11; ‘stooping
for age’, 2 Chr. 36, 17. Vbl. n. mah-
tantaméonk, (infirm) old age.
{Narr. mattaintam, ‘very old and de-

crepit.’

mahtohqs. See matokgs, a cloud.

mahto, y. i. he ceases, is done, makes
an end (of speaking); suppos. asg maht-
mog, ‘before he had done speaking’,
Gen. 24, 15; usq mahtaaon, before I had
done speaking, y. 45 [num-mahteaim (?),
I cease, C.].

mahtshanom, mohtshdno, vy. i. it grows
less, gradually fails or wastes away,
We ty, et aa

48 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

mahtshdno, mohtshdnwm—continued.
[Del. schauwutteii, it is faded, Zeisb.
Gr. 164. ]
mahtsheau, vy. i. (inan. subj.) it passes
away, fails, perishes, comes to an end
(as the grass or a flower), James 1, 10,
11; (man’s life,) Job 14, 10; (his
strength) decays, Neh. 4, 10; suppos.
ne mahtshunk, ‘that which is past’,

water fails, Job 14, 11. Ady. and adj.
mahtshade, John 6, 27. See mahche;
*michokat.
mahtug. See mehtug.
mahtupahteau. See mohtuppeau.
mai. See may.
majish, ady. at the last: —— ne kesukok,
in the last day, John 6, 39, 40, 44; 7, 37;
ogguhsemese majish, ‘yet a little while’,
John 13, 33 (majjisheyeue, ‘lately’, C.).
Intens. maumajish, maumachish, at the
very last, last of all—a sign of the sec-
ond future, when it shall have been.
From mahche, with which ef. pish.
mamabhche (augm. of mahche), a sign of
the pluperfect: waehkomop, he had
called (them) together, Acts 10, 24.
mamahche kesuk, the air, the atmos-
phere, 1 Cor. 9, 26; Rev. 9, 2; Prov. 30,
19. [For mamehcheu (intens. of méh-
chééu), it is empty, void(?).]
*mamaskishat-i ( Narr. ), v.i. he has the
(small-?) pox [redness(?)]. Vb. n. ma-
misk-ishationck, the [small-] pox, R. W.
mamatchenaii, intens. of matchenaii.
mamatcheii. See matcheii.
mameechumit, n. the mole, Ley. 11, 30.
From ma-meechu, intens. of meechu, he
eats(?).
mameesashques, n. the swallow, Is. 38,
14 (wamesashquish, ‘swallow’, Prov. 26,
2, but wameshashquéesu, ‘sparrow’, Ps.

102, 7, and maméshashquish, ‘spar-

row’, Ps. 84, 3, with papaskhas, ‘swal- |

low’, ibid.); mashéshasques, swallow,
Jer.8,7. Cf. pahpahkshas (‘ partridge’,
Jers Lie, 11))s

Mamonauantam. See momonowantamn.

mamonchu, y. i. (freq. of mojichu, q. v.)
he moves, habitually or repeatedly;
imperat. mamonchish, move, ‘stir up
thyself’, Ps. 35, 23; suppos. noh ma-
monchit, he who moves, Ezek. 47, 9.
With inan. subj. mamonchémo; pi.

| mamonchu—continued.

-ema@ash, (the waters) move, or ‘are
moved’, Jer. 46, 8.
mamontunnum. See momdntunnum.
mamontam, [y. i. he is] ‘a wizard,’ 2
K. 21, 6; pl. -mog. Vbl. n. mamont-
améoonk, pl. -mémongash, enchantments,
2K.17,17. Cf. monetu.

| mamontunuk, when he moves (it); sup-
Eccl. 3, 15; nippe mahtshunk, when the |

pos. of moméntunnum, q. Vv.

mamossompsquehtu, n. [in?] ‘gravel’,
Is. 48, 19. See masompsq, a smooth
stone, pebble.

mamunappeht, n. a spider, Proy. 30, 1.
Ady. and adi. mamunapitteae hashabp, a
spider’s web, Job 8, 14.

[Abn. mémessrabikké. Chip. assabi-

késhi (Bar.),i. e. net maker. ]

mamusse, ady. (in) all, (of) the whole,
wholly, Cant. 4, 7; Matt. 22, 37: mé-
musse ohke, the whole earth, Is. 4, 20
(mamisséyeue, wholly, entirely, C.).
From missi, mussi, it is great; by augm.
reduplication, ma-mussi. Cf. mussisse.
See mussi.

[Narr. missésu (an. ) the whole of him.

Abn. messi’, tout. ]

mamussu, v. i. he commits adultery,
Matt. 5, 32; suppos. noh mamussit, he
who commits adultery, Ley. 20, 10;
imperat. negat. (or prohib.) 2d sing.
mamussekon, thou shalt not (do not)
commit adultery, Ex. 20,14; Deut. 5, 18.
Vbl. n. mamussuonk, adultery. N. agent.

mamussuaen, indet. -aénin, an adulterer,
Is. 57, 3 (manishquaausuen, an adulter-
ess, Ley. 20, 10. See manisquadsu).
[Narr. mammatsu, (he is) an adul-

turer; suppos. pl. mammarisachick, adul-
terers. ]

mamuttattag. See mohmuttahtag.

*manisimmin (Narr. ), to cut or mow(?).

manisqua6su, vy. i. she is an adulteress
or a harlot, ‘plays the harlot’, Ezek.
23, 3, 5; pl. -suog; kum-mansqués, thou
committest fornication, Ezek. 16, 26.
N. agent. manishquaausuen, Ley. 20, 10.
[Is here Chip. (prefix) and Del. indn,
mana, ‘bad’??]

manit, manitto, (usually translated)
God; but Eliot more often transferred
the names ‘God’ and ‘Jehovah’ to the
Indian text. He has, however, Manit
wame masugkenuk, ‘God Almighty’,

TRUMBULL]

manit, manitto—continued.
Ex. 6, 3; and in the 7th y. neen Jehovah
kum-Manittomwa, ‘Tam the Lord your
God’ (lit. ‘I the Lord am your God’),
and neen kum-Manitlomwa, ‘1 will be
to you a God’ (lit. 1 am your God),
ibid.; nen Manitto, ‘I am God’, Is. 45,

12; pl. manittmog, 1 WK. 20, 23; 2 K.18,
33; with keht-, Keihtannit, ‘the Lord

God’, Gen. 24, 7, i. e. the great manit.
From anew or an-u, he exceeds, is be-
yond, superior to, or more than (dnue)
another person or thing; suppos. anil,
when he is superior to or more than,
ete. (cf. suppos. that
which exceeds, hence that which rots
or becomes corrupt); with the inde-
terminateand impersonal prefix, m’ anit,
he who (or that which) exceeds or
passes beyond the common or normal,
the preternatural or extraordinary.
manitto is the verb subst. form, he or it
is manit: They ‘‘cery out Manittéo, that is,
It isa god,”’ ‘fat the apprehension of
any excellency in men, women, birds,”’
ete., R. W.111. Possessive form, num-
manittom, my god; kum-manittam-wa,
your gods, ete., the suffix mm denoting
that ‘‘the person doth challenge an in-
terest in the thing’’, El. Gr. 12.

[Narr. manit; pl. manittowock.

dnin; aneiik,

Peq.
mundtu, Stiles. Chip. mén-é-do, imun-
e-do; Kitchi Manito, Great Spirit, Lord
God (Bar.); kesha-munedoo, J. Del.
manétto, god, spirit, angel, Camp.; ma-
nitto, get-annitto, Zeish. Muh. mannito,
‘a spirit or spectre’, Edw. ]
manitowompae, adj. and ady. [god-
man-ly,] pious, religious. Used with
pomantamoonk (living, life), as the title
of Eliot’s translation (1665) of ‘‘The

Practice of Piety’’, holy living.

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

manittowomp [manillde-omp], man of

God, godly man, 2 K. 4, 7, 9.

*mannotatbana | Narr. ), ‘embroydered
mats which the women make’ to line
the wigwam, ‘hangings’, R. W. 47. Cf.
manot,

manontam, munn-, y. t. he smells (it),
Gen. 27, 27; Job 39, 25 (menontam, he
smells; num-mindntam, I smell; mun-
nauntamoonk, [the sense of] smell, C.).
See -mungquot.

IB. AGH. Burne 20

manontam, munn-—continued.
[Abn. ne-meraii’damen, je le flaire;
(8d pers. ) Del. to
smell, Zeish. ]

amer-. mellaam,

manoham, y. t. he ransoms or redeems
(it) by payment, he buys (it); suppos.

manomhuk ohteuk, if he redeems the
field, Ley. 27, 19; kod-manmwhuk week,
if he will (desires to) redeem this

house, ibid.; with an. obj. manwwhaii,
he ransoms (him), Ley. 25, 49; suppos.

manaowhont, Ley Vbl. n. MaANO=
whdaonk, & ransom, Ex. 21, 30; Matt. 20,

yes

i
7, 13.

Cf. wunnoham, he values, fixes the
valuation of (with an. obj. awunna-
and wunnawaii, he
treaty or covenant with.
[Narr. you
bought it?; kum-manéhamoush, 1 will
buy of you.
chéte (vy. g.
masaii, j’achete de lui; ne-man&hssi,

whai), makes a

kum-manéhamin, have
Abn. ne-manshaii, j’a-
un esclaye); ne-manshs-
je m’achéte; ne-mansh8maiisi, je traite. ]
manonau, n. a cheek; nan-nwnw-ut, on
my cheek, Job 16, 10; kon-nanau-ash,
thy cheeks, Cant. 1, 10 (konénut, on
thy cheek, Luke 6, 29, = kon-nanau-t,
Matt. 5, 29); wannwnau, his cheek,
Lam. 3

3, 30 (wonntinou, C.).
from nanan, it sucks; perhaps from

Perhaps

anonau, it speaks.
[Abn. manse, joue; nanse, ma joue;

(3d p.) Sansé.]

manoonsk, n. clay, Jer. 18, 6; ‘mortar’,
Nah. 3, 14; pl.-skog, ‘bricks’, Gen. 11,3;
adj. manonske, Job 13, 12.

manot [=m’ not], n. a basket, Gen. 40,
17; Judg. 6, 19; Jer. 24, 2; bag, Luke
12, 6, 33; kenwt [k’nwt], thy basket,
Deut. 28, 5; pl. -tash. ‘‘Instead of
shelves, they have several baskets,
wherein they put all their household
stuff; they have some great bags or
sacks made of hemp which will hold
five or six bushels.’’—R. W. 50. ‘* Vo-
lassen or bags, which they plait from
hemp which grows wild.’’—Megapolen-
sis. From nt-in, he lifts or takes up (a
burden ).

[Narr. munnote, a basket.

notgh, Stiles. Abn. mensté, sac; mam-
ansts, une charge. }

Peg. mun-

50 BUREAU OF

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 2

mansk, manshk, n. a fort, Is. 25, 12; | mashéshashques (?), n. the swallow,

Micah 7, 12; menuhke manskash, ‘strong-
holds’, Lam. 2, 5.

(Narr. awmdnsk, a fort, R. W. Del.
mie-nachk, a fence, a fort, Zeisb.; Mén-
achkink (the Delaware name of Pitts-
burg), ‘at the fort’, Hkw.]

manumuhkemouk, suppos. of mwini-
muhkema, it rushes, Is. 17, 12, 13.

manunnappy, vy. i. he remains quiet
or patient, he sits patiently: tuhkmdg
mdnunappuog, the waves are still, are
quiet, Ps. 107, 29, 30.

manunne, (it is) slow, soft, gentle; ady.
slowly, patiently, softly (maninne,
gently, C.): neen manunne nuttoon kah
manunne neenan, 1 am slow of speech
and slow of tongue, Ex. 4, 10. Adj.
manunniyeu. N. agent. -yeuenin, one
who is slow or patient, a patient one,
Eccl. 7, 8. Vbl. n.
Heb. 6, 12.

[Abn. menni, bellement. ]

manunnohteau, y. i. he is quiet (i. e.

has quietness), is undisturbed, Proy.

1, 33.

-yeuonk, patience,

manunnussu, -nissu, y. adj. an. he is |

(i. e. acts) patient, gentle, slow; im-
perat. 2d pl. manunnussek, -nissegk, be
patient, Rom. 12, 12; 1 Thess. 5, 14.
Vbl. n. -nusswonk, (the exercise of)
patience, Luke 8, 15; Rom. 5, 4.
[Narr. mawiinshesh (for maniinshesh? ),
go thou gently, slowly. ]
*manunushae nippe, ‘still water’, Mass.
IPs eS Zone
*manusqusséd-ash ( Narr. ),n. pl. beans,
R. W.; kehtohteae ménasquisseet, an In-
dian bean, C. Cf. tuppuhquam-ash.
[Peq. mushquissedes, beans, Stiles.
Chip. (St Marys) miskodé/simin,; (Gr.
Tray.) nish-ko-de-ce-min, Sch. Menom.

mansh-ko-che-shock. Shawn. m’ skochee-

thah. Chey. mdénisk, pl. moniski, Hay-
den, 295. (Abn. meskSsittar, gros

comme féves de terre. )
lachxiquall, Zeisb. ]

*maquamittiniyew, (from) the west,
Mass. Ps., Ps. 107,3. Cf. puhtadtuniyeu,
(from) the west, ibid., 75, 6.

*masatinock (Narr.), flax, R. W.
Massonog.

masegik, suppos. of missegen (missekin) ,
it bears or produces much,

Del. (pl. ) ma-

See

Jer. 8, 7. See mameesashques.
mashq. See mosq.
mashquanon, n. a hawk, Job 39, 26.
Cf. owédhshaog; quanunon.
[Del. meechgalanne, hawk, Zeisb. (i. e.
broad-tail ). ]

maskeht. See moskelit, grass.
maskehtu. See moskehtu.

maskéacheg, suppos. pl. they who boast
boasters, Ps. 49, 6; Rom. 1, 30.
muskoau.

maskog, suppos. of miskom, q. y.

See

_masomtamaiiut, suppos. of mus@tamiii,

he pierces (him). See muswaii.
masq, mashq. See mosg.
massonog, n. ‘nettles’, Proy. 24, 31; Is.
34, 13; but ‘nettles’ is transferred in
Job 30, 7, Hos. 9, 6, and Zeph. 2, 9.
Comparing (Narr.) masatinock, ‘flax’,

R. W., the name may probably be as-
signed to Urtica canadensis, the Canada
nettle or ‘Albany hemp’, the fibrous
stalk of which was used by the Indians
for baskets, mats, and nets. From
muss, itpricks. See musmlam; muswaii.

(Chip. mus-zdn, muhzén, nettle; geche
muhzon (great nettle), thistle, Sch. 11;
masdin, nettle, Bar.; mahzahn, thistle,
Sum. ]

|*massowyan (Peq.), a blackbird [?],

Stiles.

masugkenuk, (he who is) mighty, pow-
erful, very great, Luke 22, 26: Manit
wame masugkenuk, God Almighty, Ex.
6,33 suppos. of missugken.

| masugkenutche, (participial) adj. chief

(‘eldest’, Gen. 24, 2).

mat. See matta.

*matasquas, n. a mat [bat?], C.

matchaog, ‘ady. of denying’, no, EL.
Gr. 21: ohtoow matchaog, he has noth-
ing, Proy. 13, 7, =ohtoouw mo teag, v. 4.
See matta.

matche, (it is) bad; as adj. and adv.
bad, badly: matche meenan, ‘a naughty
tongue’, Prov. 17,4; matche ananaenin,
a wicked messenger, Proy. 13, 17; sup-
pos. machuk (as n.), that which is bad,
evil, Proy. 17, 13: na machuk ohteau,
there is an evil, Eccl. 6, 1 [matchet,
‘adv. of quality’, El. Gr. 18]. Intens.
of matta. (Cf. Engl. not, nought,,
naughty. )

TRUMBULL]

matche—continued.
[Narr. matchit, ‘naught, or evil.” Abn.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|

matsigheni8, cela est mal, cela n’est pas |

bien. Del. medhik, (inan.) bad, evil;
machtit, bad (it is), Zeisb. ]

_matchéku, y. i. he is poor (lit. he grows |

badly or becomes poor, Proy. 10, 4); |

Deut. 15,4; 2 Sam. 12,1; pl. -wog, Proy.

10, 15; Matt. 26, 11 (matchekite, poor; |

Vb. n.

N.
agent. matehékuen (indef. -énin), a poor
man, Ex. 23, 3.

[Narr. nwm-mdcheke, I am poor. ]

matchemuiigquot, n. a bad smell, Ps.
38, 5; Ex. 7,18. For matchemungquoh-
teau, it smells badly; from matche, with
formative of verbs of smelling (machu-
monquat, ‘a stink’, C.).

noh matcheko, he is poor, C.).
matchekuonk, poverty, Proy. 15, 18.

[Narr. macheméqut, it stinks. Abn.
matsimaiigSat, cela sent mauyais. Del.

machtschimaquot, Zeisb. ]
matchemuiikqussu, vy. adj. an. he smells
badly. Vbl. n.-qussuonk, making a bad
smell, Joel 2, 20 (num-matchimunkqus,
I stink, C.).
[Narr. macheméqussu, ‘a vile or stink-
ing person’, R. W. Abn. matsimaiig8s8,
il sent mauyais. ]
matchendneteau, y. i. he curses; pl.
-eaog, Ps. 62, 4. Vbl. n. matchendne-
tedonk, cursing, Ps. 59, 12.
matchenantam, v. i. (and t. inan.) he
thinks evil, is evilly-minded (matche-
antam); imperat. 2d pl. -antamok,
Matt. 9, 4. Cf. mishanantam.
matchenaii (intens. mamatchenaii), v. t.
an. he curses (him); suppos. noh ma-
maichenont, he who curses, when he
curses, Ex. 21, 17.
tdnumai..
matchesu, y. adj. an. he is an eyil doer,
he does evil, is (actively) bad. Vbl.
n. matcheseonk, wickedness, evil doing,
Proy. 14, 17; 10, 16. N. agent. matche-
seaen (indef. -aénin), an evil doer, Proy.
13, 6, 21; pl. -aénuog, Prov. 14, 19.
[Cree, miitchissu, he is wicked. Del.
mattauchsuwi, sinful, Zeisb. Gr. 104;
machtissu, he is bad, Zeisb. Voc. 21.]
matchetou, y. i. he is bad [inherently
or by nature, matche-ohtau], Prov. 13,
5, 22; pl. -tawog, Proy. 14,19. Vbl.n.

matchet6onk, -towonk, badness [of heart

See matcheii; mat- |

51

| matchetou—continued.

or purpose (inactive) ], Proy. 8, 7; Eccl.
3, 16.
[Cree mathdtissu, he is bad. ]
[matcheti, matcheyeu,] intens. ma-
matcheii, -eyeu, vy. i. he curses or
swears profanely: kitchu mamatcheyeu,
‘he began to curse’, Matt. 26, 74; im-
perat. 2d pl. ahque mamatcheunok, curse
not, Rom. 12, 14.

| matikenow, matukkenao, v. i. he is great

(primarily in stature), pl. -nwog, Deut.
9, 2; suppos. noh matikenuk, pl. -keg,
Rey. 19, 18; great men, 2 Sam. 7, 9;
Job 9; matikkenitcheg, 1 Sam. 30, 2.

matohtedeyeue: en matohtedeyeue ana-
uhkoiyeu-ut, ‘into a rough valley’, Deut.
21, 4.

matokqs, mahtohgs, n. a cloud.

[Norr.—This definition was not completed.]

29
o-,

matta, mat, ady. no, not; compounded
with teag (thing, res): matta teag, matteag:
matchaog, nothing, rien, Luke 22, 35;
Proy. 13, 7. Apparently a contraction
of mohteau (mo privative and ohteaw),
it is not; ef. mo, monteag. In some
dialects the particle undergoes further
contraction, as in Del. td, ‘a lazy no’
(Hkw. ), asin the French ‘ point’ for ‘ne
point’. In composition, mat, asa prefix,
has a privative and sometimes a direct
negative force, sometimes is the equiy-
alent of matche, bad.

[Narr. machdug, no, not (machdge),
nothing, not so, R. W.; mattuks, no,
Stiles. Abn. maida, non. Micm. m8,
point; mskSech, rien, ne pas; masen,
personnes. Cree niimind, not;
nummanta (strong neg.), no; niéimma-
nisse (soft neg.), no. Del. makhta, tah,
Zeishb.; mdtta, no; td, a lazy no; lagi,
no, not; atta, ta, no, no, Hkw. Powh.
mattagh, Smith. ]

*mattadasu (Narr.), not far off, near by,
‘a little way’, R. W. 76: mattdsu néte-
shem, ‘I came from hard by’, ibid. 28.

*mattdgehan (Narr.), there is a cross
(i. e. a head) wind; suppos. mattdage-
hatch, when the wind is cross. See
*wunndgehan.

mattamog, mattamag (?), suppos. as
n. one who is foolish, a fool, Ecel. 6, 8;
7,9; Ps. 14, 1; pl. 4+-wog, Eccl. 7, 4, 5.
Ady. and adj. mattamogque, -magwe,.

no,

5Y BUREAU OF

mattamog, mattamag—continued.

foolish(ly), Prov. 17, 25. Wb. adj.
mattamagqueussu, -magwesu, he does
foolishly, is foolish (actively). Vhbl.n.

mattamagaonk, folly (abstractly ), Proy.
15, 14; 1 Cor. 3, 19; mattamagweseonk,
-queusseonk, foolish doing, folly acted,
Prov. 14, 17, 18; 1 Cor: 1, 18:
mattdnittuonk, pass. being
cursed, a curse, Gen. 12, 13; Neh.
10, 29; Proy. 26, 2 (mattannuttionk, C.).

vbl. on.
97

aly

From matlanumai.
*mattannauke (Narr.), pl. -ouvkanash, ‘a
fine sort of mats to sleep on’, R. W.

[Abn. and kaiin, natte, peau, ete.; sur
quoi on svassoi; nedanaké, j'ai une
natte sur quoi, etc., Rasles. Del. a na
can, mat, Zeisb. ]

mattannit, n. the bad spirit, the devil;
pl. -téog, El. Gr. 9 2,
19)i3 Gookin.
(=matche) and m’anit.

[Muh. mtandou, Edw.
munedoo, J. (id che mon é do, Sch. 11,
458). Abn. kelsini8ésk8, dieu, le grand
génie; matsini8ésk8, diable.

(fog, James

mattand, From nat

Chiy . mathje-

schi (or maehtschi) mannitto or mach-
tando, Hkw. ]

mattantam, y. i. and t. inan. he grudges
(it), is unwilling. From and
-antam, he is not-minded; ady. mat-

malta

tantamue, ‘grudgingly’, 2 Cor. 9, 7.

mattanum (?): mwn-inattaniwn, Tam un-
worthy (‘to unloose’, ete., Mark 1, 7);
elsewhere, nul-tapenum.

mattdnumaii, y. t. an. he curses (him),
speaks evil to (him); imperat. 2d pl,
matlanumok, curse ye (Meroz), Judg.
5, 23; 3d sing. mattd@numa), let him be
cursed, Deut. 27, 14; maladnwnwe unnu-
nach, let (him) be as cursed, Jer. 20, 15;
—— utlamunach, let (it) be cursed. Cf.
matche; matchenait.

*mdttapeu (Narr.), ‘a woman keeping
alone in her monthly sickness’, R. W.
[=mat-apen, ‘she is not at home’, R.
W., or mattappu, she sits apart (?).]

mattappasquas, n. a bat, Ley. 11, 19;
mattabashquas, Is. 2, 20; matabpusques,
Deut. 14, 18.

*mattappu, y. i. he sitsdown; pish mat-
tappuog, they shall sit, Ind. Laws, xv1,
xii. Cf. nummatappineat.

[Narr. mattapsh yodteg, sit by the fire. ]

See mishabohquas.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

Del. mat-

[BULLETIN 25

matteag, nothing. See matta.
mattompog, suppos. as n. war: quag-
quashwunnumak mattompog, prepare ye

war, Joel 3, 9: wekontogig mattompog,
they who delight in war, Ps. 68, 30.
Ady. and adj. matlompagwe kesukod, day
of war or battle, Job 38, 23.

[Abn. mattaibéks, la guerre; matlaii-
bégSi-arenaiibak, les guerriers. Micm.
mattuk, ‘to beat’; mditole, ‘1 beat thee’;
matinaga, ‘I fight’, Rand. Del. mach-
tapeek, bad time, war time (machtapan,
bad morning weather), Zeisb. ]
| mattuhquab, n. skin (ofa human being),
Ley. 13, 34-38; Ezek. 37, 8; nattih-
quab, my skin; wadtuhquah, his skin.
For m’adt-uhquae and dppu, that which

is (permanently) upon the outside.
*(mattuhteay, y. i.

mattuhteam, I quarrel, C.
matug. See mehtug, a tree.
matukkeno.
*(matwakau, y. i.

matwaikesh, don’t dance, C.

he quarrels;] 2wm-

See matikenm.
he dances;] ahque
Viblo mn:
mattwakkdonk, dancing, C.
matwaii, (he ix) an enemy, Ex. 15, 9;
Ts. 59, 19; pl. matiwaog.
[Narr. matwatog, ‘soldiers.’ ]
*matwatonck (Narr.), ybl. n. a battle.
maii, y. i. he cries, weeps, 2 Sam. 13, 19;

pl. mariog, vy. 36; suppos. noh mauiig, he
who weeps, Ps. 126, 6; suppos. pass.
maiimuk, when there is weeping, Eecl.
3,4; suppos. pl. (particip.) neg maugig,
they who weep, 1 Cor. 7, 30 (neg mogig,
Matt. 5,4); freq. manemaii (he mourns).
Adj. and ady. maume, Num. 25, 6 (maue,
2Sam.3,16). Vbl.n. mauonk, weeping.
(Narr. mduo, ‘to ery and bewail.’
Abn. mansé, il pleure a cause, ete.; ne-
masighé, je pleure. Chip. ke-mahwe
(pret.), he wept, John 11, 35; suppos.
mahwid, when she wept, John 20, 11
Gs]
*mauchathom [he has gone], ‘the dead
man’; pl. mauchatihomwog, the dead,
| RW. For mahehe-a.
| *matichepwut (Narr.), when he hath
eaten; mauchepweéan, after I (shall)
have eaten, R. W.; suppos. of mahche-
| po, he has eaten.
| mauemaii, vy. t. an. (freq. of maii) he
| mourns for (him), Gen. 37, 34; pl.
| -maog, they mourn, Num. 20, 29; im-

TRUMBULL]

mauemaii—continued.
perat. prohib. mauemuhkon, mourn thou
not, Ezek. 24, 17.
mourning, Zech. 12, 11.
[Abn. ne-maSsimaii, je le pleure. ]
maumachi (?) is put for ‘household

Vbl. n. manemmonk,

stuff’, property, Gen. 31, 37, but more |

often in the plural, mawmachiash, goods,
effects, movables, Nah. 2, 9: teaguash
asuh maumachiash, ‘money or stuff’, Ex.
22,7. The primary meaning is perhaps
‘things taken.” Cf. maumunni, it is
taken (as spoil, 1 Sam. 4, 17, 19).
[Narr. maumachiuash, goods;

quiegs, household stuff, R. W.]

maumachish (intens. of machish, ma-
jish), at the very last, Gen. 49, 19; 2
Tim. 3,1; Proy. 5, 11: nen maumachish,
I (am) the last, Is. 41, + (momachisheue,
lastly, finally, C. and Danf.; wt mé-
mdiish ne kesukok, at the last day, Jno.
C.). See majish.

maumunni, -nai, v. i. (pres. def.) it is
taken (away), 1 Sam. 4, 17, 19; Prov.
4, 16. Cf. amdeti, he departs (Narr.
maw, he is gone, i. e. is dead); nemun-
num, he takes
(it) away.

maumuttam, y. i.
mourns:

au-

it; andunum, he takes
(and ft. inan.?) he
he mourns for
(him), 2 Sam. 19, 1; nwm-momuttam, I
lament, C.
[Abn. ne-masidamen, je pleure quel-
que chose. |
*maunétu (Narr.), a conjurer, R. W.

=monetu, El.

wwutch,

i B fs
Cf. maii, mauemaii.

é

*maunuwau. See ménoowau, he hisses, C.
*maut (Narr. ), denotes completed action
or cessation of activity. See mahche.
*mautabon (Narr.), ‘it is day.’

mohtompan, morning.

See

may, mai, n. way, path: ayim may, he
made a way, Ps. 78, 50; neen may, I
am the way, John 14, 6; with locative
or directive affix, mayut, in, to, or by
the way; kishke may, by the wayside;
maikontu, in (or among) ways, Is. 42,
16; num-muttummashum may, ‘TL ran in
the way’ (of thy commandments), Ps.
119,
may, Mass. Ps.).

99

32, =num-multummaomashontam
From a-u, he goes to
(ad-it), with the impersonal prefix (?).
Seem.

[Narr. mdyi; maytio, is there a way?

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

53

may, mai—continued.
mat mayaninno, there is no way, R. W.
(Cf. suppos. negat. matta mdanog and
mo adt manmwk, where there was no
way, Ps. 107, 4, 40.) Quir. maouk, in
the way (to), Pier. 29.]

*mecattea (Narr.), a fighter.
konait.

meechu, meech, vy. t. inan. he eats (that
which is inanimate, primarily vegetal
food; but sometimes weyaus, flesh, is
the object of the verb; cf. mawhaii,
he eats what is alive): num-meech, I
eat; ummeechin, he eats it, Gen. 3, 2;
Is. 7, 22; suppos. noh meechik, meechuk,
he who eats (it), John 6, 58, 51; pass.
inan. meechuma, meechummu, it is eaten,
whence meechum, ‘ victuals’, Gen. 14, 11.
Vbl. n. meechummuonk, fruit, vegetal
food, Gen. 3,3; Amos 8, 2. See meetsu.

{Narr. méitch, eat thou, téaqua kum-

méich, what wilt thou eat? Abn. ne-
milsi, je mange cela; ne-mitsesi, je mange
(v. i.); ne-mS8hai, je mange (an.obj.).
Miem. migichi, je mange. Cree méechu,
he eats (it); freq. maméechu. Chip. me-
jim mahjeyon, food to eat, John 4, 32;
mahjid weyos, (he who) eats flesh, John
6, 56; ne-mejem-im, my meat, John 4,
34, J.; nin midjin, Leat (it), Bar. ]

meepit.

*meesk, n. elbow, C. See ishquanogkod.

[Abn. nesk8an, mon coude; 3d_ pl.

Ssk8iinar.

Zeisb. }

See me-

See mépil.

Del. wi squon, (his) elbow,

meesunk, meis-, meyaus-, n. coll. the

hair (of the head), Is. 50, 6; Ezek. 39,
17: um-meesunk, her hair, John 12, 3;
pasuk meyausunk, one hair, Matt. 4,
36. (Cf. weshagan, hair on the body
or limbs, the hair of animals, and qu-
nonuhquoau, he has long hair.) This
word has the form of a noun collective,
and is perhaps from masu, he cuts close
or shaves off, primarily he smooths,
signifying that which is cut off, in dis-
tinction from the long or scalp lock,
qunonukquoonk.

[Abn. ne-mssaii, je le tonds; ne-mSsi,
je me tonds, je me rase les cheveux;
mas8k8aiin, Chevelure d’ennemis; 7ne-
massek8&é, je leve lacheyelure. Menom.
maish, head; may-nay-nunn, hair, Sch.

11, 470. Del. mi lach, hair; miech hee

54 BUREAU

meesunk, etc.—continued.
ken [ef. weshagan, El.], hair or wool,
Zeisb. }

meetsu, metsu, y. i. he eats, he takes
food, 1 K. 19, 6. Active intrans. form
(or verb adj. an.) of meech-u, as if
meech-esu. Imperat. meetsish, eat thou;

pl. meetsek; suppos. noh meetsit, he who

eats, ‘the eater’, Is. 55, 10. Vbl. n.
meetsuonk, food (‘meat’, Matt. 6, 25).

Cf. meechu, mowhait (v. t. an.).

[Narr. asciimetesimmis (=asq kim-
metesimmis), have you not yet eaten?
kom-metesimmin, your eating (infinit. 2d
sing. ). Abn. ne-mitsesi, je mange. Micm.
Cree méchesoo, he
Chip.

mee-tee-shin.

migichi, je mange.
eats; mécheséosu, he eats a little.
wesin, he eats. Menom.
Del. mitsu, Zeisb. ]

meetwe, metwe(?), n. a ‘poplar’, Gen.
30, Hos. 4, 13.

*meeiin, meun(?) (Peq., Groton, 1762),
n. the sun, Stiles.

méhchééu, méhchéyeu, (y. i. she is)
barren, Gen. 25, 21; 11, 30; Luke 1, 7
(mehchiyéue, barren; mohchiyéue, empty,
C.). Vb. n. mehchéyeuonk, barrenness,
sterility, 2 K. 2, 21.
mohchi.

mehmehshan6ém (?), y. i. he pants: mwm-
mehmehshaném-up. (pret. ) I panted, Ps.
TOS

Q7

ih

See mahchuma;

Ct. sauuhkissu.

[Abn. mamaiitsiré — neréSaiigan, le
coeur me bat. J
mehquantam, -oantam, y. t. he re-

members (it); muwm-, I remember, Gen.
41, 9; imperat. 2d sing. mehquantash,
Ex. 20, 8; Deut. 5, 15; suppos. meh-
quontog, when he remembers, 2 Cor. 7,
15. Vb. n. mehquantammonk, remem-
brance (of inan. obj.), a memorial,
Eccl. 1, 11; Neh. 2, 20 (wunnegen meh-
quontamtionk, ‘a good memory’, C.,
should wunne mehquontamoonk).
With an. obj. mehqudnumaii, he remem-
bers (him), Gen. 19, 29; with affixes,
kum-mehquanumoiish, I remember thee,
Ps. 77, 3; imperat. num-mehquanum-eh,
remember thou me.

be

VbL. n. mehquian-
umdonk, memory, remembrance (of an.
obj.), Job 18, 17; Proy. 10, 7. From
ahquantam [ahque-antam], he refrains
from thinking of, with negat. prefix;
mo-ahquantam, he does not retrain, ete.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

mehquantam, -oantam—continued.

[Narr. kum-mequéwnam-e, dost thou
remember me? Abn. ne-mi k&itéhaii/-
damen, j'ai la mémoire de cela, je m’en
souviens; (with an. obj.) ne-mi‘k8itéhaii-
mai, ne-mi k8éremair. J

mehquau, méquau, n. the thigh, Ezek.

24, 4; agwe neequa-ut, under my thigh,
Gen. 47, 29; wehquau, his thigh. Cf.
mobpee, hip, upper part of the thigh;
mohpegh, shoulder.

méhtauog, n. the ear; pl.-ogwash, El. Gr.

10, -ogquash, Rom. 11, 8; néhtauog, my
ear; 2d pers. kéht-; 3d pers. wéht-. From
he understands, knows (?);
suppos. wautog, he who knows, under-
stands, the knower(?), or perhaps from

wahteou,

the causative form, it makes (him) un-
derstand. Cf. na@lamundt, to hear.

[Narr. wuttéwwog, pl. -gudash. Abn.
metaSaks; 3d pers. Sta8ak8; pl. -ag8r.
Peq. kuttuwannege, your ear, or ‘what
you hear by’, Stiles. Muh. fowohque,
ear, Edw. Del. (8d pl.) whittawak-all,
Hkw.; hittaock, ear, Camp. Cree me-td-
wa-ki, ear, Harmon. ]

mehtug, -tugq, mahtug, n. (1) a tree,

meisunk.

wood; pl. -ugquash, El. Gr. 10; métug-
wees
dimin. mehtugqués and mehtugquémés, a
small tree, El. Gr. 12. (2) small wood,a
stick, a twig (inuhtokomes, a stick, C.);
pl. mehtugkamesash, twigs, Gen. 30, 37;
withes, Judg. 16, 7, 8. In compound
words, -uhtug or -uhtugg, tree, wood;
-unk, a tree (while standing or in the
earth).
smonk; qunuhtug.

[Narr. mihtiiek, pl.-+- quash. Chip.
mitig, pl. -gog. Cree mistick, dimin.
Del. tachan [=’tugkun(?)],
wood (me ta chan, firewood); mehittuk,
a tree, Zeisb. ]

kokontu, ‘among thick trees’,

See agwonk; kishkunk; mus-

mistickoos.

See meesunk.

mekdussu, y. i. act. he strives, contends;

mekonaii, y. t.

suppos. mehkdausit, Is. 50, 8.

contends with
(him), strives against (him); imperat.
2d pl. mekonmk, contend with, do bat-
tle with (him), Deut. 2, 9, 24; suppos.
noh mekonont, he who eontends with,
Ts. 45,9; mutual, mekonittwog, they con-
tend one with the other, they strive
together, Ley. 24, 10; 2 Sam. 14, 6.

an. he

TRUMBULL]

mekonaii—continued.

Narr. kum-méecautch, you are a quar-
[ Ba 1

reler. ]
mekonteau, y. i. he contends, makes
war, James 4, 2 (with ayeuwohteau, he
fights).
[Narr. mecduntitea, let us fight; me-
cattea, a fighter. ]
menadchu, n. the left hand; wm-menad-
chu, his left hand, Dan. 12, 7 (menatche
menitcheg, the left hand, C.). Ady. and

adj. menadchée, left, of the left: —— |

wusseel, his left foot, Rev. 10, 2; of inan.
obj. menadchéinniyeu, (it is) on the left,
Zech. 4, 3, 11.
{Narr. yo nminnatch, (there, to) the
left hand (of the path or way). ]
menadtam, y. t. he vomits (it) up, Lev.
18, 25; Jonah 2, 10. Vbl. n.
tama@onk, menatammonk, vomiting, Jer.
48, 26.
(Narr. n’munnddtommin, I vomit, R.
W. Del. melandam, he vomits, Zeisb. ]
menan, n. the tongue; pl. ménanash,
James 3, 5, 6; Acts 2,3; wénan (weenan),
his tongue. [Related to annm, unnaii,
he speaks, commands (?).]
(Narr. wéenat (misprint for weenan’?).
Abn. mirar8; 3d pers. Sirars. }
*meninnunk, n. milk. In the title of
the Indian translation by Grindal Raw-
son of Cotton’s ‘‘ Milk for Babes.’? In
the quotation from 1 Peter 2, 2, on
the title-page, the ady. and adj. menin-
nunnie (of milk, milky) is substituted
for Eliot’s sogkodtungane. Participial
or suppos. inan. from nanaii, he sucks,
with m’ prefixed, that which he sucks
[ef. sogkodtunk, or is it ‘what is given’
(menin-)?].
unit.
[Narr. munninnug, (woman's) milk;
wunnunogan, a breast. Abn. merendkss,
du lait; nen&ni, je téte; nSnaiimaii, je
la téte. J
menogkus, n. the belly, Job 3, 11; the
bowels, 2 Chr. 21, 15, 18; kendégkus, thy
belly; wunndégkus, his belly, Ley. 11, 42
(munnogs, bowels, C.).
hole, a pit.
(Narr. wunndks. Abn. naiiigan, (mon)
ventre. Del. wach tey, Zeisb. Voc. 12.]
*menontam, C. See manontam, hesmells.
menuhkequog, n. ‘steel’, Jer. 15, 12

menad-

See naonontamundl; nan-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

Ck. wonoggq, a |

55

menuhkequog—continued.
(with missehchuog, ‘iron’ ), but not else-
where. It signifies a very hard knife
or cutting instrument. Cf. chohqudg;
kenehquog (under kénai).

menuhkéteoii, v. caus. inan. he makes
(it) hard or strong; pl. -teoog, Jer. 5, 3
(num-menehketeo, I fasten, C.).

menuhkeu, -ke, -ki, (it is) strong, firm,
hard (‘menuhke or menuhku, ady.
strongly’, El. Gr. 21), Ex. 6, 1; 1 K.
19, 11; Ezek. 3, 9; suppos. menuhkehik,
when it is hard, Job 37, 38; with an.
subj. (v. adj. an.) menuhkesu, he is
strong, Is. 40, 26. N. agent. menuh-
kesuen, a strong man; pl. ‘mighty men
of valor’, 2 Chr. 32,21. Vbl. n. menuh-
kesuonk, strength, might.

[Narr. minikésu, strong; minioquésu
{dimin. little strong], weak. Abn. ne-
merkasani, je me sers de force, j’emploie
la force. Miem. menakei, je suis pressé
(adv. menaké); melkei, je suis dur (adv.
melki).}

menuhkinnum, y. t. he takes a strong
hold of, holds (it) fast; pl. -wmwog, Jer.
8, 5; imperat. 2d sing. menuhkenish,
hold (it) fast, Rev. 3, 3, 11. From
menuhkeu, with formative of verbs of
action performed by the hand.

[Abn. ne-merkenaii, je le tiens forte-
ment, fermement; (with inan. obj. ) ne-
merkenemen. |

menuhkonog, n. a stronghold; pl. -og-
quash, -ogwosh, Judg. 6, 2; 1 Sam. 23, 29,
= menuhke manskash, Lam. 2, 5.
menuhkoshketomp [= menuhke-woske
tomp],n. a valiant man, 1 Sam. 16, 18.
menukque, n. the armpit: agwe menuk-
quit, under the armpit, Ezek. 13, 18
(‘to armholes’ ); agwe kenukque-it, ander
thy armpits, Jer. 38, 12.
[Abn. nereg8i, mon aisselle; SregSi

(son aisselle ). ]
*menuks, n. a brant, C.

(Narr. munniwks, pl. -suck, R. W.
Del. maminckus ahas (=bad fowl), ‘a
blackbird nearly twice as large as a
duck’, ete. Camp.; mereck kaak, ‘gray
goose’, ibid. ]

menutcheg, n. the hand; pl. -egash, El.
Gr. 10; nunnutcheg, my hand; wun-
nutcheg, his hand, often in contracted
nunnutch, wunnutch,

form, menutch,

56 BUREAU OF

menutcheg—continued.

round-hand), the fist, Ex. 21,18; anom-
anutcheg (anéme, within), the inside of
the hand, the palm, the hollow, Lev. 14,
15, 26. Seemuttinnohkou, the right hand;
menadchu, the left hand (menitcheg, C.;
nunnitehek, my hand, E. M.).

(Narr. wunnicheke, (his) hand; pl.
-cheganash. Abn. neretsi, ma main; 3d

pers. Sretsi. Chip. ni-nindj, my hand,

Bar. Del. nachk, my hand, Zeisb.]
menwee, n. the navel; kénwee, thy navel,
Prov. 3, 8; Cant. 7, 2; weenwee, his

navel, Job 40,16. For m’ndéé, the mid-
dle (?).
[Abn. sri, nombril; naisisi, milieu. |
meépit, meepit, n. a tooth; pl. -tash, El.
Gr. 10; -teash, Cant. 4, 2; neepit, keepit,
weepil, my, thy, his tooth.

[Narr. wépit; pl. -teash. Pea. néebut,

(my) tooth, Stiles. Abn. 3d_ pers.
Sipit.]
méquau. See mehquau.
5)

méqun, n. (1) a feather; (2) a pen, 3 John
13; pl. -unog: win-méqunog, his feathers,
ss sou ase

feathered, Ps. 78,27; win-mequnne, Ezek.

Ady. and adj. mequnne,

39, 17; machekéqunau, mishéqunau, (he
is) much feathered, full of feathers,
Hzek. 173.13; 7.

[Chip. mé/guun. Shawn, meek o nah.
Del. mi gun, Zeisb. ]

métah [m’tah], n. the heart, 1 K. 3,12;
Is: 1553) pl: hash, Rey. 2, 23; nuttah,
kuttah, wuttah, my heart, thy heart, his
heart [nogeus, (my) heart, Wood].
Adj. and ady. metahhuwae, of the heart,
1 Cor. 4,5. Cf. nuttaihe, it is mine (be-
longs to me); wultaihe, it is his (belongs
to him).

(Narr. wuttdh, (his) heart; nitta, my
heart. Muh. utoh, Edw. Del. (3d pers. )
ur dee, Zeish. and Hkw. (= wu" tay); ntee,
my heart, Zeish. Chip. oo-dai, o-lay.
Menom. may tah.

*meteatihock (Narr. ), ‘‘the periwinkle,
of which
[wémpam, p. 130] or white money.’’—
RaW. 104: canali-
culata (?). (Abn.
meta8aks), an ear (?), ear-shaped shell.

*métewis (Narr. ), ‘black earth’: ‘From
this mélewis, is an Indian town, a day

Shawn. 6 dai ee. ]

they make their wémpan
Pyrula casica or P.

From méhtatog

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| *métewis—continued.
ete. ; pultukqunitch (=petukqui-wunnuteh, |

and a half’s journey, or less (west, from
the Massachusetts) called Metewéme-
sick.’ —R.W. Plumbago or graphite (?).
metsu. See meetsu.
mettdsash. See multdsash.

metugkomkontu. See mehtug.

_*metup-peash, n. pl. brains; waantam

wuttup, a wise brain, C.
the [his] brain, R. W.
Step), his head.
[Abn.
téte. ]
metwe.

Narr. wuitip.
Cf. ofitup (Abn.
asiriteban, cervelle; —metep,
See meetive.
meun. See *meeiin.

meyausunk. See meesunk.

m’hogk. See muhhog.
mide, miyde, mode, moeu, ady. to-
gether, Is. 45, 8, 21; Job 41, 15; Deut.
33, 17; mde, Acts 1, 6; moeu, El. Gr.
21; moywe, C.: inode pasatshagk, draw
near together, Is. 45, 20; moaeu, v. 16;
nauwaeog moeu, they bow down to-
gether, Is. 46, 2.
{Abn. ensemble.
Micem. mas, masi, ensemble, tout a la

fois.

mansi, mansisi,

Cree mdah-
mow, all together, collectively. ]

Chip. madmawi, Bar.

mideog, miyaeog, vy. i. they are as-
sembled, are together, Num. 20, 2; (mai-
yacog, Rey. 19, 19); miyawéog, ‘they
gather together’, Is. 49, 18; imperat. mi-
ydek, moiék, assemble yourselves, Gen.
49,1; Is. 45, 20; Zeph. 2,1. With inan.
subj. nippe moiemo, the water is gath-
ered together, Ex. 15, 8; mukkinneouk

moema, Lev. 8, + ( miyaema, Jadg,

20, 1), the assembly is gathered to-

gether; pl. mdemoash, Proy. 27,
[ Narr. midwene, ‘a court or meeting’;
miawetuck, let us meet.
Quir.
congregation, Pier. 61.]

Abn. maiéssaiin,
on s’assemble. mdauwewunk, a
mianaii, moiinaii, etc., vy. t. an. he as-
sembles, gathers (them) together,
Sam. 12, 29; mayanuk, ‘if he
gather together’, Job 11, 10; imperat.

»

suppos.

2d sing. mian, miyan, moin, gather thou
28; Esth.
and freq.
With inan,
obj. [miannum] mounum, he gathers (it
or inan, things). This

(them) together, 2 Sam. 12,
4. 16; Num. 21, 16.
mohmoiinau, Mark 1

Augm.

Q 7
5 Ale

See mounum.

TRUMBULL]

mianaii, modiinaii—continued.
verb has the formative of action by the
hand, and perhaps Eliot was wrong in
using it in the sense of calling together
or causing to assemble. In the same
sense Rasles (as Abn. below) employs
the caus. an. form.

[Abn.

(les hommes). ]

*michachunck (Narr.), the soul. R.
Williams (113) says this word ‘‘is of

ne-mae/ghimank, jassemble

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

affinity with a word signifying a look- |

ing glass, or clear resemblance, so that
it hath its name from a clear sight
or discerning.’’ Pierson’s Catechism

in the Quinnipiae dialect has mitta- |

chonkq, soul. The word has no discovy-
erable affinity with either of the two
names (kaukakineamuck and pebenoch-
ichauqudnick?) which Williams gives
(p. 186) to ‘looking glass’. Elsewhere
(p. 116) Williams writes pl. michichénck-
quog.
(Chip. wabmotchitchagwan, Bar. 46.
Del. me tschi tschank, soul, spirit, Zeish. ]
michemappu [= michéme-appu], v. i. he
abides forever, Is. 40, 28; suppos. Miche-
mapit Manit, ‘the Eternal God’, Deut.
Some
michéme, misheme, ady. forever, eyer-
lastingly, Matt. 6, 13; Philemon 15; Ps.
90, 2 (so Cotton).
[Narr. michéme.
jours.

O7

Abn. métsimi8i, tou-

Miem. mech, d’avantage, en-
core, de plus. Cree mdéosiik, always.
Del. ametschimi, often (2), Zeisb. ]

michemohteau [= imicheme-ohteau], v. i.
it is forever, endures forever; suppos.
ne michemohtag, that which is forever,
‘eternal’, Rom. 1, 20 (= micheme ohtag,
Ps. 145, 13).
tée and machemohtie, everlasting(ly),
Deut. 33, 15; Hab. 3, 6.

*michokat (Narr.), a thaw; michokateh,
when it thaws, R. W.
when it away,
mahtsheau.

= mahshequodt,
melts vanishes. Cf.
[Del. moschhaquat, ‘the river clears
up, is getting free of ice’, ‘the weather
clears up’, Zeisb. Gr.]
*mictickaskeete (Narr.), a
R.W. See mukkoshqut, a plain.
min, n. gen. a fruit; restricted in its ap-
plication to the smaller fruits, such as

meadow,

}
|
|
|

Ady. and adj. michemoh- |

57

min—continued.
corn, berries, nuts; pl. minneash. Not
used by Eliot except in compound
names. It appears to be formed by
prefixing the indef. particle
the formative of verbs of growing,
‘that which is grown’, or which results
from growth.

m’ to -in,

See weatchimin (corn),
wenominneash (grapes), keneit-munneash
(first ripe fruits),
(chestnuts, ‘white nuts’), ete. Eliot
has always the inan. plural. In some
other dialects names compounded with
min (or minis) have occasionally the
an. form.

wompi-minneash

[Chip. meen: pl. inan. meen-un, ber-
ries, Sch. m1, 368

but mandd-min, pl.

an. -minag, corn; miskwi-min, pl. -minag,
raspberries, ete. Cree ménis, a berry.
Del. mihn, ‘huckleberry’, Zeisb.]
misashq. See mishashyq.
mishabohquas, -bpuhquas, n. ‘mouse’,
Ley. 11, 29; Is. 66, 17. Properly the
great mouse (mishe-abohquas ) or rat.
Cf. mattappasquas, hat.
[Abn. Chip.
wawabigonodji, mouse, Bar. Del. poques,
a mouse, Hkw.; ach po quees, Zeish. ]

Saiihigsséss8, souris.

mishadchu [= mishe-wadchu), n. a great
mountain, Luke $ Rey. 8, 8.

mishadtuppo, -pu [mishe-adt-uppa], v.

i. he feasts, Proy. 15,15. Vbl. n. -pa-
onk, a feast, Ex. 23, 16; 34, 22. Caus.

mishadtupweheau, he makes a feast, he
causes (others) to feast, Gen. 40, 20:
Danee5s 1:

mishaéndmo (?), y. i. he groans, John 11,
33; pl.
Job 24, 12): num-mishanoémumun, we

groan, 2 Cor. 5, 2, 4.

mishandmmog (mishondmoog,

mishanantam, y. t.
temns, thinks meanly of (it); with an.

he despises, con-

Obj. mishandnumaii, he despiseth (him),
Prove 145 253i) avible mn:

anumdonk, dishonoring; pass. imishan-

act. mishan-

anittuonk, being dishonored, contempt,
disgrace (passive), Ezra 4, 14; Ps. 35,
26; Prov. 18, 3 (meshanantamaire, ‘mean-
ly’, C.). Ch matchenantam.
*mishanneke (Narr.), = mish¢ -annek, a
squirrel; pl. -nequock, RS Wes -shennea-
[The root

que, Stiles (mishannek, C

is ‘claw’ or ‘scratcher’ (?).]

58 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

*mishdnneke—continued.

[Abn. mi‘ksé, écureuil; prénik8, mes-
dmik8, ‘ces deux ont un beau poil’;

anikiisess (dimin.), suisse [chipmunk].

Etch. mekoo, red squirrel. Miami ne-

kwawh, squirrel. Shawn. an-eek-wah.
Del. hanicquai, Camp. ]

mishdnogqus [= mishe-anogqs, great
star], n. the morning star, 2 Pet. 1, 19;

Rev. 2, 28.

mishantam, missantam, y. i. and t.

inan. he thinks much, meditates, is in- |

tent upon (it); Jer. 49, 30; Dan. 6, 3.
Vbl. n. -tam@wonk, much thinking,
meditation, Ps. 119, 97.

mishantomwau, -ontmwau, y. i. he |

shouts, cries out with a loud voice, Jer.
25, 30; impers. (

imperat. 2d sing. mishantowash, cry

aloud, ‘lift up thy voice’, Is. 40, 6, 9.

Ady. and adj. mishantawde, with loud

voice, loudly, Ps. 150, 5; Prov. 27, 14.

Vbl. n. mishantawaonk, -ontowaonk, a
shout, a loud noise (mishonta@onat, to
roar, C.). From mishe and -ontawaii
(he utters). See *mishontwahpuhsu, he

howls.
[Narr. mishaiintowash, speak out. ]

mishashq, misashq [= mishe-m’ askeht or
mishe-ashq, great grass], n. a rush, Job

8, 11; pl. -quog, rushes, ‘flags’, Ex. 2, 3.
Adj. and ady. mishashque, of rushes,

ay

?) mishontowi, Is. 30, 7;

‘of bulrushes’, Ex. 2, 3. Cf. wekinasq;

wusshashquobok.

mishasketomp, n. ‘champion’, 1 Sam.
Win 4 Zon ole

*mishaupan (Narr.), a great wind, R.
W., i. e. it blows greatly; mishe-watipan.
See wdban.

mishe. See missi, great.

mishe-abohquas. See mishabohquas.

mishe-adtéau. See mishdadtue.

mishe-adt-uppm. See mishadtuppm.

mishe-annek. See *mishdnneke.

mishe-anoggs. See mishdnogqus.

mishedshko, y. i. (and t. inan.) he

swallows it (completely), swallows up,
Rey. 12, 16; ne masheashqut (suppos. ),

that which he swallows up, Jer. 51, 44; |

with an. obj. misheashqunneau (misse-),

he swallows (him) up. Cf. qussedshko.
mishe-ashq. See mishashq.
mishegski. See mishikski.

mishéheau, vy. caus. an. he makes (him)
great, exalts (him), 1 K. 1, 15; num-
misheh, | exalt (him), Ps. 89, 19; sup-
pos. noh misheheunt, he who exalts, 2
Cor. 12, 20; suppos. pass. ( part.) mishe-
hit, made great, exalted, 2 Cor. 12, 7;
with inan. obj. mishéhteau, he makes
(it) great, increases, enlarges, exalts
(it), Hos. 12, 1; num-mishteoh, ‘I mag-
nify’ (it), Rom. 11, 13; suppos. noh
mashteunk, Proy. 28, 8.

mishehtashin, y. i. it storms, there is a
tempest; as n. (mishehtash), a tempest,
a gale of wind, Job 27, 20; Is. 29, 6;
waaban mishshehtash, ‘there arose a tem-
pestuous wind’, Acts 27, 14; wutch mishe
tahshinit, ‘from the storm’, Is. 25, 4;
suppos. mahshélahshik, Acts 2,2. [The
separation of words in the last example
implies that Eliot understood misheh-
tashin to be formed of mishe and tahshin
(it lifts up), i.e. ‘agreat uplifting.’ It
seems rather to be from mishehteau, with
(the characteristic of violent action, sh,
and) the formative of verbs denoting
action of the wind, -shin, ‘the wind in-
creases greatly.’ ]

[Narr. mishitdshin, there is a storm. ]

mishekishki, -koi, (it is) broad, wide
(mishe-kishki, great from side to side),
Job 11, 8; Is. 33, 21; mishshiikskoi, Matt.
23, 5; mishshekski, Ps. 119, 96; missi kah
mishigski kehtoh, the great and wide sea,
Ps. 104, 25; iishekiske-maogkehtu, ‘in
the broad ways’, Cant. 3,2. See kishki.

mishe-m’askeht. See mishas/q.

misheme. See michéme.

misheu, (itis) great; ady. greatly, 1 Chr.
16, 25. See missi.

| mishe-wadchu. See mishadchu.

mishikski, mishegski (?), (it is) ‘fro-
ward’; suppos. mashiskag, when it is
froward, ‘frowardness’, Proy. 6, 14; 10,
32; with an. subj. mishegskiyeuog, ‘they
are froward’, Prov. 2, 15.

mishketu (?), pl. mishkeluog, (they are)
‘new-born babes’, 1 Pet. 2, 2.

mishkom. See miskom.

mishkonontup, n. a skull, John 19, 17
(muskonontip, C.); wuskonéntup, (his)
skull, 2 K. 9, 35; Judg. 9,53; Mark 15,
22. For muskon-éntup, bone-head.. Cf.
chepiontup.

*mishkouantam, y. i. he rejoices, C.
See muskowantam.

TRUMBULL]

mishkouwutchinnw-we kéus, a prick-
ing briar, Ezek. 28, 24.

mishoadtue, adv. of great price, precious;
suppos. mishdéadtik, 1 Pet. 3, 4. From
mishe-adtéau. Seemagéadtik; mégéadtue.

mishonogod, (it is) wide, broad; suppos.
-ogok (of a gate or way, Matt. 7, 13).

*mishontmahpuhsu, vy. i.
num-mishontoahpuhs, 1 howl, C.
mishantowau, he shouts.

mishontowau. See mishantawau.

*mishoon, n. a chin, C.

mishon, n. a boat. See miishan.

*mishquammag, pl. -matiquock (Narr. ),
n. salmon, red-fish, R. W. 103 (= mish-
qui-dmaug).

[Abn. mesk8ameg8; pl. -gSak.]
*mishqudshim (Narr. ),a red fox, R. W.:

mishquissups, a fox, Stiles.
*mishquaéwtuck (Narr.), a (red) cedar
tree, R. W. (= mishqui-uhtug).

[Del. me hok ho cus, Zeisb.]
mishqui, (it is) red. See misqui.
*mishqushkou, n. a trout, C.

[Abn. (pl.) sk8tam-8k. Del. meschil-

ameek, a trout, Zeisb. ]

[mishuntugko, it is much wooded, a for-
est?] -kww, ‘it is a wood’, Josh. 17, 18.

miskaiiaii, mussuhkaiiaii, y. t. an. it
happens to or befalls (him), it is found
by or comes by chance to (him): mah-
chukish . . . pish um-miskaiiéuh, evils
shall befall them, Deut. 31, 17; suppos.
mussuhkunk, Gen. 42, 4.

miskom, mishkom, y. t. inan. he happens
upon, finds (it); woh kummishkom, thou
shalt find (it), Matt. 17, 27; suppos.
maskog, when he finds (it), Ps. 119, 162;
Matt. 13, 44.

[Abn. ne-méskamen, je trouve ce que
Javois perdu (with an. obj. ne-mes-
kaSain); ned-askamesi, j'ai fais une bonne
trouve, Rasles. Cree miskum; with an.
obj. miskawayoo. Chip. inékahwon, (he)
found him, J.]

missantam. See mishantam.

missegen, mussegen [y. i. it grows or
produces abundantly, =missekin], it is
plenteous, abundant, Gen. 41, 29, 31;
suppos. ne masegik, that which yields
abundance, plenty, i. e. plenteous har-
vest, Gen. 41, 30, 34. Ady. and adj. ut
missegene ohke-it, to a plentiful land,
Jer, 2, 7; 48, 33. '

a) 4;

See

he howls; |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|

59

misséhchuog, n. ‘iron’, Josh. 8, 31; 2K.
6, 6; Job 28, 2; missehchuog kah menuh-
kequog, iron and steel, Jer. 15, 12; mis-
sthehuogque, made of iron, Deut. 28, 48;
1K. 6,7. In other places maoshog (or
méushag), q. V.,is used for ‘iron.’ Cot-
ton has misséhchmog, mines.

*missésu (Narr.), y. adj. an. he is whole
(the whole of him). See mussi.

*misshat, n. belly, C. Probably ‘gros
ventre’; for mishe-ohteau, it is great(?).

missi, mishe, misheu, missiyeu, (it
is) great, Ezek. 17, 3; 1 Chr. 16, 25;
pl.
your rewards are great, Matt. 5, 12;
nano missi, it is more and more great,
‘it increaseth’, Ps. 74, 23; Job 10, 16;
suppos. mohsag, when it is great, a great
thing, Ex. 15, 7; Deut. 4,32; Matt. 23,
17, 19; dnue mohsag, (that which is)
more great, the greatest, Matt. 22, 36.

[Narr. mishe, Abn. mesé;

nemeseghik8itsn, je le fais plus grand.
Cree misséw, it is large. Chip. mitcha,
it is big, large, Bar. Del. m’cheii, big,
large (it is), Zeisb.]

missiyeuash kut - onkquatunkanash,

missi.

missin, mussin, (he is) a captive, Is. 49,
2a ole AD Keds 2:
sinno, he is taken captive, becomes a
captive, Gen. 14, 14; Lam. 1, 3; pl.
-nomog, Lam. 1,5. Vbl. n. missinnéw-
onk, captivity.

[Narr. missinnege,
[-nam] ewod, this is my captive. ]

missinnbou, mis-

num-missinnam

missinnin, n. (from missin, with indef.
affix) a man, homo, i. e. any captive
or tributary, in which classes were in-
cluded all men other than those of the
speaker’s nation or race (viri). Cf.
wosketomp, omp. Pl. missinninniiog,
people, of woAAoi, Ex. 24, 2, 3; Deut. 4,
33; Num. 22,
shim, man and beast, Gen. 6, 7; howae
missinnin ken, of what people are you?
Jonah 1, 8; lit. what kind of slave are
you? (missinnin

5; missinnin kah puppina-

or missinninnuog, a
people; wunnissue missinnin, a pretty
fellow, C.).

[Narr. ninnuock, ninni-missinniwock,
men, folk, people. ]

missinohkau, y. t. an. he carries (him)
away captive. See 2 K. 15, 29.

missinum. See mussinum.

60 BUREAU
missippano sokanunk (7), it [a cloud]
rains rain, Is. 5, 6. Cf. mussuppég, a
tear. See -sippaeu.
*missippuskunnicheg, n. the wrist, C.
For mussipskonnutcheg, the bone next
to (joining) the hand. Cf. mussipsk.
-missis, -mussés. See wi-missés-oh.
missishin, y. i. it touches.
*mississikkoshk, n. a shin (bone), C.
missittipuk. See mussittipuk, a neck.
missiyeu. See missi.
missohham, y. t. he announces, makes
public (see mussisse); imperat. 2d + 1st

See mussinum.

pers. sing. missohamah, tell me, Gen. 24,
23; with (beforehand),
prophesies; pl. quoshde missohhamwog,
they prophesy, Num. 11, 27. Vbl. n.
quoshde missohhaméonk, prophecy, Proy.
30, 1; 31,1; with an. obj. (remote) -oh-
hamaii, he announces to (him).
missohquam.
ear of (dried) corn; missunkquamin, a
(full) ear of corn. ;
missmunk. See mussmunk,a dry tree.
*misstickeke (Narr.), pl. -kéquock, bass,
R.W. (suckequog, Stiles); striped bass
(Labrax lineatus )?
Stiles.
missugken[@], missuken, y. 1. he is
great, powerful, mighty, 1 Chr. 16, 25:

quoshae he

See mussohquam[in], an

Peq. m’ssugkheege,

anue missuken onk neen, he is more pow-
erful (‘mightier’) than I, Mark 1, 7;
Vil: n.
missugkenoonk, greatness (in power,
importance, etc., relatively), Esth. 10, 1
(missegkin-nedt, toabound; missekin-nedt,

suppos. masugkenuk (q. Vee

to increase, C.). From missi, with ap-
parently the formative of verbs of phys-
ical or inanimate growth (-kin); but, if
so, this verb could not properly have
an animate subject.

[Abn. ne-meseghir, je suis grand; 3d
pers. meseghir; suppos. méseghirek, but
Cree
Del. meechgiliik,

mesdk&s8, il est gros, or méség&.
misshigittu, he is large.
the big, great one, Zeisb. Voc. ]

missuhkaiiaii, missuhkom@. See ius-
suhkomo.

missunkquamin, mus-, n. a (full) ear
of ecorn;: pl. -minneash, -munash, -min-
ash, Deut. Gen. 41,5, 7,22. Cf:

oo «

ZO, 2

munnequomin.
Del. me sa quem, a corn ear, Zeisb.
‘i )

missunum. See maussinwm, he touches.

OF AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

mittamwus, -wussis, -wossis, n. (1) a
woman, mulier, Deut. 21, 11; 28, 56;
Gen. 2, 22; 3, 2 (cf. squd, femina); (2)
a wife, uxor, Gen. 12, 14; Deut. 22,
14; 1 Cor. 7, 16; nuwmm-, my wife;
kumm-, thy wife; wmn-mittamwus-soh, his
wife, the wife of (him), Gen. 12, 12;
19, 26. Cf. wusso, (she) is his wife.

[Narr. mittamus; kommittamus or ko-
wéewo, thy wife; nummittamus or wulld-
gana, my wife, R. W. Chip. ne-minde-
moamish, my wife (Sch. 11, 458); minda-
moie, ‘an old woman’, Bar. 26. Miami
metaimsah, woman; ne-we-wah, my wife.
Menom. métamo, woman; nayon, my
wife. ]

mittamwussu, vy. i. she isa wife; suppos.
mittamwussit onkatog, if she be the wife
of another, Jer. 3, 1; wm-mittamwussu,
-wussissu, he takes to wife, 2 Chr. 21, 6;
Gen. 25, 1.

miyde. See mide.
miyaeog. See mideog.
m’not. See manmt.

mo, ady. ‘sometimes signifieth not’, El.
Gr. 21; mo teag, nothing, Is. 40, 17,
=monteag (Is. 41, 17), matteag (Luke
22, 35). Negation appears
to be the primary signification of this

See malta.

particle, or rather of its base, m’ (q. v.).
With the formative of the verb sub-
stantive (m-m, mo) it came to have the
force of an affirmation of past being
(fuit) by denial of present, and thus
supplied the preterit of the defective
verb of existence; ko, it was and con-
tinues to be; mo, it was and is not; pish,
it willbe. (The limited or definite pres-
ent, ‘is now’, was marked by the affix
-w for verbs of being, -ni or -i for verbs
of an. or inan. action. For the former
E]. 16.) Ehot
times combined mo with ko to form an
aorist (koh m6, ménké. See ko). For
the as a prefix, indeter-
minate and impersonal, see im’:
mo ayeuwuttuonk, there was a battle,
2 Sam. 2

class, see Gr. some-

force of im’

ret

17; m6 wequai, there was

light, Gen. 1, 3;

ken mo wuttinneumin,
thou wast a servant, Deut. 5, 17; neg mo
neematog, these (who are dead) were
my brothers, Judg. 8, 19; mo ayeuau, he
was made, ete., 1 Cor. 15, 45.
the

-mo or

-ma, characteristic of active in-

TRUMBULL]

mo—continued.

transitive verbs when their subject is

inanimate, is nearly related to the im-

personal prefix m’—for example, nokeu,

he descends; nake-ma, it descends or is

let down; wm, he goes; mma, it goes.
[Miem. m8, point; maSen (de m8 et

Sen, quelqu’un), personne. ]

mode. See mide, together.

*moamitteaug (Narr.), ‘‘a little sort of |

fish, half as big as sprats, plentiful in
winter.’’—R.W.105. Perhaps the smelt
(Osmerus eperlanus), but the name

may be applied to any species which |

shoals’ ‘a great many
It has been corrupted to

in
together.

‘ 3
goes or

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

mummychaugand mummachog, by which |

name seyeral species of small fish are
popularly known, especially the orna-
mented minnow (Hydrargyra ornata,

LeSueur). From mohmoeaii; pass. and

mutual form, mohmoitteauog, they go |

gathered together or in great numbers.
*moattdqus (Narr.), ‘a black wolf’, R.
Wietgos
mobpee(?),n. the hip, the upper part of
the thigh, the ham, Gen. 32, 32; pl.
-pidog; 2d pers. kobp-, kupp-, Num. 4,

See mukquoshim, nattohqus.

21, 22; 3d pers. wobpee (dapwas, a hip,
C.). Cf. mehquau, thigh; mohpegk,
shoulder.

(Narr. apome, thigh. ]
moehte6mo, y. inan. (pass. ) caus. it is

made to be together, it is put together; |

suppos. moehteémuk, when it is ‘framed
together’, ‘knit together’, Eph. 2, 21;
Coly2s 19:

moeu. See mide, together.

moeuwehkomaii, y. t. an. hecalls (them)
together, he assembles. Vbl. n. -ko-
monk, an assembling, assembly, Num.
20, 6.

(Quir. mauwwewhekomunk, the church,

Pier. 63, 64.]

mogki, mogke, mogge, (it is) great (of
its kind or comparatively ).
adj. great; mogke qussukquanash, great
stones, Josh. 10, 11; 1 K. 5, 17;
wetuomash, great houses, Amos 3, 15;
mogkiyeu, it is’ great; pl. -yewash, Gen.
41,5 (of ears of corn, they are ‘rank’ );
suppos. pl. mégagish, magagish, great
things.

| mohkont.

Ady. and |

| mogquéin, -quen, y. i.

61

mogki, mogke, mogge—continued.
[Del. amangi, great, big, large, Zeisb.
Gr. 168; machweii, great, large, Zeisb.
Voc. ]
mégoadtue, adj. and ady. precious, of
great price, 2 Chr. 20, 25.
tik; mishéadtue.
mogquan, -quon, n. the heel; pl. -nash,
Job 13, 27; 3d pers. wogquan, wogquoan,
his heel, Gen. 3, 15; 25, 26; 49, 17.
[Abn. mag8aiin, nagSaiin, mon talon.
Menom. wahquodn, (his) heel.

See magéad-

Shawn.

Del. nan quon, the [my?]
heel, Zeisb. ]

mogqueen, -quén, n. a boil, a swelling,
OD Ve WL WEE Bi Mile Wes eS Oy ale),
From mogqueinnu, it grows large, en-

okwa nee.

Q
oO,

larges (mogquinum, ‘it became a boil’,
Ex. 9, 10).

[Abn. imag enflure.
quin, swelled, Zeisb. ]

ny, Del. mach-
it swells, en-
larges, Num. 5, 27; mogqueinnu, it he-
comes large or swollen, Deut. 8, 4; with
an. subj. mogquesu, he swells, is swollen
(noh mogquesui, he swelleth; num-mok-
ques, I swell, C.).
[Narr. mocquésui, he is swelled; mum-
have a swelling. Del.
machweii, great, large, Zeisb. Voc. ]
mohchi, (it is) empty, unoccupied (imoh-
chiyeue, C.); mohchoi kash week, is there
room in thy father’s house? Gen. 24,
23. Cf. méhchéeu.
mohchumom. See mahchumm, it is waste,
barren, made desolate.
*mohéwonck (Narr.), a
coat, R. W.
[Abn. maigak, robe de peau de cert,
de chat-sauvage, etc. ]
mohkas. See mihkos, a nail, a claw.
*mohkodtaén-in, a widower, C.
See muhkont, a leg.
mohkussa, mohkos, mukos, n.a(burn-
ing) coal; pl. -saash, Is. 44, 1
fire’, Prov. 26, 21; ut méhkossahtu, upon
[among] hot coals, Proy. 6, 28; Is. 44,
19; anue mai onk ne mohkos, blacker
than a coal, Lam. 4, 8. For m’kussa,
the hot (n. concrete)? or if Rasles’
translation of the corresponding word

mockquese, I

raccoon-skin

2; ‘coals of

in Abnaki be correct, from mami and
kussa, black-burned(?), or (Abn. mkasé)
merely ‘it is black’ (?). Cf. hussitteau,

BUREAU OF

mohkussa, ete.—continued.
ete.; ‘‘mocassa, the black of the nail’’,
Wood.

[ Abn. charbon
mkasé-skStai, charbon ardent.
hackachtey, a coal, Zeisb. ]

mohmoéog, freq. of moéog (=mideog,

éteint (?);
Del. me

mkaseé,

q. v.), they go often, or habitually, to- |

gether, ‘they often met’, El. Gr. 17.
mohmoskuhteas, n. a frog (obj. pl.
-teasu, Ps. 78, 45, a misprint? Mass.
Elsewhere
Cf.

Ps. has mahmoskohteaseuh ).
Eliot has tindgkukquasu-og, frogs.
Peq. kopiauss.

mohmoiinum, freq. of mounum, he gath-
ers together.

mohmuttahtag, mamuttattag, mah-,
(suppos. as) n. lead, Ezek. 22, 18, 20;
27, 12; Ex. 15, 10; Zech.#5, 7; ‘tin’,
Num. 31, 22, but not elsewhere.

mohpanag, muh-, -og, n.

panag, ny breast, Cant. 1,13; wohpanag,
wuhp-, her breast, ‘bosom’, Proy. 5, 20
(mohpdnneg, C.).

[Narr. mapannog, the breast; wun-
nunnogan-ash, breasts. Menom.
paun. Shawn. épah la.]

mohpegk, muhp-, -peg, n. theshoulder,
Ley. 8, 25; 9, 25; oftener without the
impers. prefix, uhpegk, Num. 6, 19;
18, 18; Ezek. 24, 4; nauwdanau uhpequa-
nuh (accus. pl.), ‘he bowed his shoul-
ders’, Gen. 49, 15;

oh-

nashaue ohpequan-it,

between his shoulders, Deut. 33, 12.
Cf. muttugk.
(Narr. uppeke, shoulder; pl. wppe- |

Chip. pékwun, pikqun, the (up-
per part of the) back. Del. ho pi quon,
the fore shoulder, Zeisb. ]

mohsag, suppos. of missi, great.

mohshequssuk, n. a ‘flinty rock’, Deut.
32, 13 (= mabdhshi-qussuk). See qussuk.

mohshipsq, n. flint stone, Is. 50,7 (=ma-
bhshi-pisk, iron stone).

mohtantam. See mahtdntam, he is old,
decrepit.

*[mohtanuhkussu, | num-mohtanuh-
kus, I finish or conclude, C. [?]

*mohtchinau [= mahchinaw], he is sick;
num-mohtchinam, Iam sick, C.

mohtompan, (it is) morning, Ezek. 7, 7;
suppos. -ompog, when it is morning; as
n. Gen, 1, 5, 8, ete.; en (or pajeh) moh-

quock,

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

the breast |
[mammie], Joel 2, 16; Hos. 9, 14; noh-

[BULLETIN 25

mohtompan—continued.
tompan-it, till morning, till the morrow,
Ex. 23, 18; Zeph. 3, 3.

[Narr. mauwtabon, it is day. ]
mohtshanw. See mahtshdno.
mohtukquas-og, n. pl. ‘conies’, Ps.

104, 18, and ogkoshquog, Proy. 30, 26.

[Abn. mattegSéss8-ak, liévre. ]

mohtupohsin, v. i. it lies waste, Is. 15, 1.

| mohtuppaeu, v. i. it melts or vanishes

(as ice by heat or a cloud by the sun);
pl. -aéog, Job 6, 17; pass. -aéma, it is
melted, made to vanish, Job 7, 9; 6,17;
Josh. 5, 1. Cf. mahtsheau.
mohtutteau, v. t. caus. inan.; pass. it is
consumed or made an end of, melted,
Jer. 6, 29 (of lead, by the fire); act. it
consumes, makes an end of, Deut. 32,
22.
mohwhaii. See mow/aii, he eats (him).
mokaketomuk, (when he is) dumb,
Ps. 38, 13; suppos. of mokakutteo = mat
kakutto, he does not speak, he is mute,
dumb; pl. -tag, Ex. 4, 11; Matt. 9, 33;
mo nuk-kaketop (pret.), I was dumb,
Ps. 39, 2, = mat nuk-kaketwp, vy. 9.
mokus, mokis, (indef.) -sin, a shoe
(moccasin); pl. mokussinash, moxinash,
Amos 8, 6; Matt. 10, 10; wm-mokis (-us),
his shoe, Deut. 25, 9, 10; pehtoxrinash, put
on your shoes, Ezek. 24, 17; nukkénok-
kussinash, old shoes, Josh. 9, 5.
[ Narr. and mockussin-
chass, shoes which ‘they make of their
deer skin worn out’, R.W. Peq. mick-

MOCUSSINASS

asons, Stiles. Abn. mkessen, pl. -nar;
ne-mekessen, mon soulier; ne-makseneké,
jen fais. Micm. m’keshen, pl. -nel.

Chip. (pl.) makisinan (mékisiniked, shoe-
maker), Bar.; mikesin, pl. -nwn, Howse.
Cree muiiskesin, pl. -es’int. ]

momanch, mommansh, ady. at times,
now and then, often, Proy. 7, 12; Judg:
13, 25; Matt. 17, 15; at intervals.

[Cree mummdin, here and there one. ]

momonchu. See mamonchu, he moves
about.

momone, (it is) ‘freckled’; moméne
chohki, ‘it is a freckled spot’, Ley. 13,
39.

momonehtaiiaii and momontaii, v. t.
an. he makes sport of, mocks at, de-
rides (him), Neh. 4, 1; pl. -taiidog, 2
Chr. 36, 16; suppos. momontauont, when

TRUMBULL]

momonehtaiiaii, ete.—continued.
he mocks at, mocking, Gen. 21, 9; Job
12, 4.

momonesu, vy. adj. an. he is spotted. is
black or dark colored here and there, in
spots or stripes. Freq. distrib. of ma-
esu, he is black; pl. méménesuog, they
are ‘grisled’, Gen. 31, 12; suppos. md-
monesit; pl. part. -sitcheg, ‘speckled’,
Gen. 30, 32, 39 (wéénw momoeesit, when
he is round-about dark-marked, ‘ring
streaked’, Gen. 31,8). Cf. mémmechoh-
kesu.

momonowantam, mamonau-, y.i. he is
scornful, a scorner, Proy. 9,7, 8; 15, 12.
Ady. -tamwe, 2 Chr. 30, 10.

momontunnum, mamént-, y. t. he puts
it in motion, moves (it) about: ——
nippe, he ‘troubled the water’, John
5, 4; suppos. mamontunuk wussissitto-
nash, when he moyes his lips, Proy.
16, 30.

momounog, n. pl. the eyebrows; 3d pers.
ummomounog (accus. -oh, Lev. 14, 9),
his eyebrows.

[Abn. maiimaiin, sourcil, le poil, ete.

Del. mamawon, Zeisb. |

momoechohkesu, y. adj. an. he is black-
spotted, has dark spots; pl. mémaechoh-
kesuog (mohmae chohkesuog, they are
speckled, Gen. 31, 12); suppos. pl.
(part. ) mommechohkésitcheg, (when they

are) spotted, Gen. 30, 32; speckled, Gen.

31,8. From moi (it is dark colored),

with freq. or distrib. reduplication, and

chohkésu, he is spotted or has a spot.

[moénde, mmnde, there is much, there
is abundance;] pl. nano manaash, they
are increased, Jer. 5, 6; monaash, they
are many, ibid.; suppos. ménak, when
there is abundance, when it abounds,
Ps 7; 1 Pet. 1, 3; yeu monak, ‘this
great store’, 2 Chr. 31, 10; with an.
subj. monaog, (they are) many persons
(El. Gr. 8), Ex. 1, 9; Dan. 12, 4; Matt.
7, 14; suppos. pl. monacheg, Is. 60, 5; 2
Cor. 4, 15; suppos. 3d pl. monahettit, when
they ‘are increased’, become many,
Hos.4,7. Vhbl.n.monaonk, abundance,
Deut. 33, 19.

(Narr. wussaume maunduog, ‘they are
too full of people.’ ]

76

12,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

| monakenehheau, y.

63:

monak, monak (in compounds, -énak,
-dnagk,-dnag), n. (1) cloth, 2 Sam. 20, 12;
Matt. 9, 16; Judg. 16, 14: hashabp-onak,
linen cloth, Mark 14, 51; wusk-onagk,

new cloth, Mark 2, 21; womp-onak,
(white) cloth, Deut. 22, 17; kuhpogk-

ity
énag, a thick cloth, 2 K. 8, 15 (mmak
monag, black cloth, C., but better, ma-
énak). (2) a garment of cloth, as dis-
tinguished from ne dqut or hogkaonk (cf.
ohka@n), a covering of skins: ‘coat’,
Dan. 3, 21; ‘cloak’, Matt. 5, 40; ‘vest-
ure’, Dan. 22, 12.

[Narr. mainek, ‘an English coat or
mantle’, R. W. 107.]
trans. he
weaves; pl. -heaog, Is.

caus.
makes cloth, he
59,5; with inan.
weaves (it). N.

obj. monakenehteau, he

agent. monakenehteaen
(indef. one who weaves, a
weaver, Ex. 35, 35; Job 7, 6.

[Narr. ko-maunekunniio, have you any

cloth?]

monanehteau, y. i. he is merciful, Num.
14, 18: num-monanehteam, I am merci-*

-énin),

ful; intens. nwm-mdémonaneleam, Jer. 3,
12. Vbl. n. monaneteaonk, merey, Ex.
aie Nehs 9 o23 bs: 1455.8) Of ait
teamonteanumail.

mondanumaii, y. t. an. he compassion-
ates, is merciful to (him); nwmmond-
num, I show mercy to, Ex. 33, 19; im-
perat. mondnumonch, Zech. 7,9; with
suffix mondnumeh, be merciful to me,
Ps. 119, 132.

monaskotasq-uash, n. pl. melons,
Num. 11, 5 (an@nosketimuk, cacumbers,

C.). See askotasq.
monasquisseet. See *manusqusséd-ash,
beans.

monat, (it is) abundant, (there is) much,
Ps. 87, 11; woh mondt, (it) might abound,

2 Cor. 4, 15; macheke monat, exceed-
ingly abundant, 1 Tim. 1, 14; pish monat,
it shall be increased, i. e. become abun-
dant, Dan. 12, 4; pl. monatash, Proy. 15,
16; 2 Chr. 9, 9.
(Narr.
abundance. ]

From monaohteau.
maunetash, ‘great store’,
monchanamukqussu, y. i. he does that
which is wonderful, he works wonders;
with an. obj. -qussuaii, he does, ete.,.

64 BUREAU OF

monchanamukqussu—continued.
to (him); whence, n. agent. -qussuwaen,
a ‘wonderful one’, Is. 9,6. From mon-
chanamuk, suppos. 01 monchanamai (t.
an. form of monchanatam), and ussu.

monchanatam, -um, y. i. (and t. inan. )
he is astonished, he wonders (at it), he
is surprised, Is. 59, 16; pl. -amuwog,
Matt. 22, 33 (=chepshaog, Mark 11, 18);
monchantash, ‘marvel (thou)’, John 3,
7 (=muhchantash, Mass. Ps.). Vbl. n.
-tammonk, wonder, amazement, Acts 3,
10; and causat. -lamwahuwaonk, caus-
ing wonder, a marvel, a wonder, Deut.
13, 1, 2. From mojich-u, he moves,
with formative of verbs of mental ac-
tivity, he is startled or disturbed in
mind.

monchanaii, y.t. an. (1) he moves (him),
carries (him) away, Gen. 31, 18; with

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|

affixes, 1 Sam. 30, 2. (2) he conducts or |

guides (him): wn-monchan-uh en imay-
ut, he guided them in the way, Gen.
18, 16.

[ Narr. matichase, be my guide (im-
perat., =monchussish, from monchussu,
y. i. act. he acts as guide, he guides);
kum-matichan-ish, | will conduct you.]

mojichu, y. i. he goes, se movet (denot-
ing merely the act of going, without
reference to its end or aim); hence, he
departs, goes away, removes, Matt. 25,
18; Gen. 24, 10: num-monchém, I go,
Matt. 21, 30; pret. nwm-monchip, I went,
Jer. 13, 5; suppos. noh monchit, he who
goes, Jer. 22, 10; imperat. monchish;
pl. monehek, go; freq. mamonchu, q. v.
Related to (?).

amaei, he departs

[BULLETIN 25

moneaii, etc.—continued.
monneiek, monunneiek, look ye, Job 6, 28;
suppos. moneauont, Matt. 5, 28. With
inan. obj. méninneam, ménunneaum, he
looks at (it), Ps. 104, 32; Ezek. 21, 21;
Ex. 14, 24; suppos. noh moninneog, he
who looks, ete., Num. 21, 8. Cf. kuh-
kinneam.

monetu, y. i. he is a diviner, a magician.
Vbl. n. monetuonk, ‘divination’, Deut.
18, 10. Cf. mamontam.

[Narr. maunétu, a ev mnjurer, R. W.]

monko. See mo and ko.

monneaii.

monoi. See mandi, it is deep.

monomansuonk, ybl. n. a vision, Dan.
8 17 262) 10) 14,

*mdnoowau, he
wonat, to hiss, C.

monopuhpeg, n. a trumpet, Neh. 4, 20;
Ps. 150, 38: puhpequash monopuhpeg,
sound a trumpet, Matt. 6,2. Cf. puh-
pegk.

monsh, n. a cock or hen, Luke
60, 61 (indénish, ndmpash, a hen, a cock,
C.). R. Williams (p. 56) has ‘chicks, a
cock, or hen: a name taken from the
English.”

monteag, nothing. See matta.

monunks, n. the ash tree, Is. 44, 14.

[Abn. aiigmaks, fréne.

imak.

See monet.

hisses; infin. maunu-

99 9
22, 34,

Chip. papdg-
( Baraga has agimak, ash tree [cf.
agim, snowshoe], and three ‘other
kinds”’, viz. gawakomij, papagimak, and
wissagak.) Del. pachgammak, black ash
tree, Zeish. ]

monunneaii. See médneaii.
| mos, ‘‘a word signifying futurity’’ (El.

Cf. Sansk. mavich (ire, se movere); |
manth, math (commovere, agitare);

Lat. motus, mittere. ]
[Narr. mauchéi (pres. defin. = mon-

chu-i), he is gone; maichish, be going |

(imperat. ); num-mauchemin, 1 go. Abn.
ne-maiitsi, je vais; ne-mai neda, je vais
la. Chip.
aunjéh, Howse 194; ma’ja, he goes,
Sch. 11, 469. Del. matschiii, he is gone;
suppos. matschit, Zeisb. ]

moneaii, monneaii, monunneaii, vy. t.
an. he looks (intently) at, observes
(him); wmn-monunneaii-oh, he looked on
them, 2 K. 2, 24; imperat. (affix) mon-
neah, look thou on me, Ps. 119, 132; pl.

Cree dchee-oo, he moves.

Gr. 20), corresponding to the auxil-
lary ‘must’ or ‘shall’ before a verb in
the indicative: mos nunnup, I must die,
Deut. 4, 22;
mait, how often shall I forgive him?
Matt. 18, 21; ne mos nnih, it must needs
be so, Mark 13, 7. See mahche; no.
{Narr. moce, mesh: mesh
peyaum, I could not come; moce-nanip-
peéam, I will come by and by.]
moskeht, maskeht, n. grass (El. Gr.
10), Gen. 1, 11; Is. 40,7, 8; pl. -ehtuash,
Dan. 4, 25, 32, 33; ‘pasture’, 1 Chr. 4, 39,
40; moskehtuash, ‘hay’; woskoshkehtwash
(= wuske-oskehtuash), ‘tender grass’,
Prov. 27, 25; mish-ashkehtuai ne ohle,

mache mos nut-ahquonta-

noonchem

TRUMBULL]

moskeht, maskeht—continued.

‘there was much grass in that place’,
John 6, 10 (oskosk, grass; mosketuash,
hay, C:). Vbl. subst. moskehtuw, he
is grass, Is. 40, 6. Dim. moskehtuémes,
El. Gr. 12. From askehteau, it is (lit. it
makes, caus. inan.) green, with the
indeterm. prefix, that which is green.
See aske.

[Narr. maskituash, grass or hay. Abn.

meski k8ar, herbes. Del. masgik, Zeisb.]
moskehtu, mask-, n. (the same word
as the preceding) is used for medicine,
physic, i.e. herbs; onatuh moskehtu-ut,
like a medicine; iyan-askehtuash, many
(kinds of) medicines, Jer. 46, 11.

[Narr. maskit, physic. Chip. mash-

kiki [-keke], Bar.]

mosogque, ady. and adj. adhering, stick-
ing to [y. i. it sticks close, adheres],
Proy. 18, 24; Jer.42, 16. Cf. mussinum,
he touches; miississin, it touches.

mosogquehteau, y. caus. inan. he makes
it adhere, joins it to; imperat. médsog-
queteoush, join them together, Ezek.
37, 17.

mosogqunnum, y.t. (inan. obj.) he joins
or puts together; suppos. médsogqunuk,
when he joins together, Matt. 19, 6.
See mussuhkomo.

mosq, masq, mashq, n. a bear, Proy.
17, 12; Amos 5, 19; 1 Sam. 17, 34, 36
(moshq, C.). Thé base is the same as
that of nasquodtamundt, to lick, and the
name signifies ‘the licker,’ from the
bear’s habit of -licking his forepaws
(see the Abnaki below); [or is it from
(Cree) makwa-num, he squeezes (hugs)?
(Howse 93).] Cf. *awausseus; *pauki-
nawaw.

{Narr. mosk, or paukinawaw. Muh.
mquoh, Eaw. Del. machk, Zeish. Abn.
aSess8s, ours; mS&sk8a8irtsihSs8 [= m8s-
k8a-8retsiar], il se leche les pattes; mes-
k8é, peau d’ours. Chip. makwd (mik-
wah, Howse). Cree miiskwah.]

moiinaii. See mianuaii.

mounum, vy. t. he gathers together (inan.
obj.); kum-méunum, thou gatherest,
Matt. 25, 24. Freq. mohméiinum. Vbl.
n. mounuméonk, mouunnummonk, (a
gathering, ) tribute, custom, 1 K. 9, 21;
Matt. 17, 25. With an. obj. mianaii,
q. Vv. Cf. mukkinnum.

B. A. E., Buri. 25——5

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

65

mounum—continued.
[Narr. mowinnee, he gathers (fruit, or
inan. obj.); mowinnatog, they gather.
Abn. maiisisi, ensemble; ne-maiisine-
men, je les mets ensemble; masiné, i]
Del.

cueille, il ramasse. mawuni, as-

sembled, Zeisb. ]
moushag.
moxinash, n. pl.
moyeu. See moi, ordure.
moyeu, modeu. See mide, together.
moche, as an auxiliary of the future
tense, expresses obligation or necessity
(=mos otche); moche nuttabuttantamau-
é6mun God, ‘we are bound to thank
God’, 2 Thess. 1,3; mache ken pannup-
wusham, ‘thou art [must] pass oyer’,
etc., Deut. 2, 18 (ef. n@che mos, it must
needs be, Matt. 18, 7); mache mos nut-
ahquontamau, (how often) must I for-
give him? Matt. 18, 21. Cf, mos; coche.
[Quir. méuche, there must be, Pier. ]

See maédshog, iron.
See mokus, a shoe.

ma@cheke, ‘‘a word signifying more,
much,’’ used to express degrees of
comparison, El. Gr. 15; mo-
cheke, much more, Rom. 5, 9; ‘more
exceedingly’, Gal. 1, 14; nano macheke,
more and more, Mark 15, 14; macheke
macheke, exceedingly, very much, Gen.
17, 2, 6, 20; macheke onk, more than,
Matt. 10, 37 (moachekeyeuuk, excess-
ively, C.).

anue

mochekohtau, y. t. he has more, adds
to his possession of (it); noh moche-
kohtunk (suppos.) wahteauonk, meche-
kohtau unkquanumoonk, he who increas-
eth knowledge increaseth sorrow, Eccl.
1, 18.

mee. See mi, ordure.

moi, (it is) black, El. Gr. 13; dark
colored, Matt. 5, 36; Esth. 1, 6; pl.
moiyeuash, Jer. 4, 28 (not immeseuash,
as in El. Gr. 13, by typographical
error probably). With an. subj. maesu
[v. adj. an. he is] black or dark colored;
pl. maesuog, El. Gr. 13.

[Narr. méwi, sicki, black; mowésu, a
black man. ]

m@i, mmee, moyeu, n. ordure, dung,
Ezek. 4, 12; 1 K. 14, 10; um-moyeu,
their dung, 2 K. 18, 27; wm-mme, Lev.
4,11; 8, 17.

momansh. See momansh.

66 BUREAU OF

momoskomaii [= mmmaskmwaii?}: wm- |

moameaskom-ouh, they murmured against
him, Ex. 15, 24 (num-mamoskowam, I
murmur, C.).

momoskomatii, -kmwaii, vy. t. he

an.

murmurs at (him); pl. -kawaog, they |

murmur, Ps. 106, 25; suppos. pl. nag
momoskawacheg, they who murmur,
Is. 29, 24. VWhbl. n. mamaskawaonk,
-queyeuonk, a murmuring, John 7, 12
(mamoskummaonk, Ex. 16, 7).

momoskquenatti [= mmwmaskaaii?]:
momasquendog, they murmur at (him),
Ex. 17, 3 (ma@masquenwmweénat, to mut-
ter, C.).
[Abn. ne-m8sksérdam, je gronde, suis
faché; ne-m&sk8érmaii, je le gronde. ]
momosgqheaii, freq. or intens. of mas-
qheaii, he proyokes (him) to anger.
Vbl. n. pass. momasquettuonk, provo-
cation (received), 1 K. 21, 22.

momosqueuttam, y. i. he murmurs,
mutters, grumbles. Perhaps not rightly
used in John 6, 61; ef. um-momoskkée-
taii-duh, ‘he gnasheth upon him with
his teeth’, Ps. 37, 12, and num-mau-
musketunkquog, ‘they gnash upon me’,
ete., Ps. 35, 16.

[Abn. ne-maiimaskig&étassi, je fais des

grimaces. |

monde.

*moonaeech (?), a dish or tray, C.

monaeu. See mandi.

monak. See mdénak, cloth.

moon6i, -naeu, (it is) deep, Ps. 140, 10;
Eccl. 7, 24; Lam. 3,55; as n. the deep,
Gen. 1, 2; a gulf, Luke 16, 26; depth,
Eph. 3, 18; mandi onk, itis deeper than,
Job 11,8. Ady. and adj. manoe nippe-
ash, deep waters, Ezek. 34, 18; suppos.
manoag, When it is deep; pl. (with
intens. redupl.) mamonoagish, (very)
deep places, Ps. 135, 6.
words sometimes mndi-, mnou-.

mon6k@i, n. a valley, Deut. 8, 7.
amnouhkor.

*monopagwut, in deep waters, Mass.
Ps., Ps. 69, 2.

ma@éohshog. See mmdshog.

*moonk, vbl. n. weeping, C. See mai.

mmoéshog, mamdhshog, moushag, n.
iron, Num. 31, 22; Is. 60, 17; 1 Tim. 4, 2.
Adj. and ady. -shogque, -shagque, of iron,
Deut. 8, 9; Is. 45,2, ete. Cf. missehchuog;
mohshipsq.

See monde.

See

In compound |

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

modéshog, etc.—continued.

[Narr. mowdshuck. Abn. saii/gheré,
cela est dur; cf. siogke, soggohtunk (the
name apparently signifies black metal;
cf. *wompohshog). Del. suck-achsun,
[black stone,] iron, Zeisb. Voe. 29.]

moosketomp, n. a black man [?], El.
Gr. 15. Cf. wosketomp.

mopau, -p6, -pdog (?), n. the cater-
pillar, 1 K. 8,37; 2 Chr. 6, 28; Joel 1, 4;
2, 25; assamau mapoh (accus. ), he gives
food to the caterpillar, Ps. 78, 46 (mo-
paut, Mass. Ps. ).

mos,n. Thename of the moose (Ceryus
alces, L.) is used by Eliot in the pl.;
masoog for ‘fallow deer’, 1 K. 4, 23;
“moos, a beast bigger than a stag,”’ ete.,
Smith’s Deser. of N. E. (1616). ‘‘ Which
the salvages call amose’’, Morton’s N. E.
Canaan. ‘‘The beast called a moose’’,
Wood’s N. E. Prospect. The plural
indicates mas, or mosu, as the orig-
inal form of the singular, a name given
to the animal from his habit of strip-
ping the lower branches and bark from
trees when feeding; mams-u, ‘he trims’

or ‘cuts smooth’, ‘he shaves.’ See
mOsum.
{Narr. mods; pl. -sdog. Abn. m8&s;

pl. -sak. Chip. mons ( Bar.) ; mdz, mooze
(Sch. 11, 464).
monsh. |

mosi, (it is) smooth, primarily made
smooth (by cutting?); bald, C.;
cheke mosi onk pummee, smoother than
oil, Prov. 5, 3; masew kus-sequnukquog,
they leave thee bare, Ezek. 16, 39;
mase qussukquanésash, smooth small
stones, 1 Sam. 17, 40; mas-ompskquehtu,
among the smooth stones, Is. 57, 6.
Adj. inan. [mosieit] masiyeu; pl. -yeuash,
Is. 40, 4.

mosompskinausu, it is paved, a paye-
ment [i. e. an extension of smooth
stones, mosi-ompsk-kin-ussu], Esth. 1, 6.

mosompsq, a smooth stone; mmsomp-
squehlu, among the smooth stones, Is.
57, 6; intens. mamossompsquehtu (‘gray-
el’), Is. 48, 19.

mosontupau, -ppo, v. i. he is bald [on
the forepart of the head], ‘he is fore-
head-bald’, Lev. 13, 41 (ef. mukukkon-
tupait, he is quite bald, his head is

Vbl. n. -ontuppdonk, baldness,

Cree mongséa. Menom.

mO-

bare ).

TRUMBULL]

mosontupau, -pp@—continued.
Jer. 47, 5; Mic. 1, 16 (musantip, a bald
head, C.).

[Del. mo schant pe u, Zeish. ]

mosgheaii, -quehheaii, y. t. an. he pro-
yokes, vexes (him); infin. 2d pers. sing.
kum-mosqheodnat, Ley. 18, 18. Freq.
mamoasgheaii, q. Vv.

mostihq, n. a fly; pl. -quog, Ps. 78, 45.
Dimin. mosestihq-uog, Ps. 105, 31.
moni-sogke, black biter(?). Cf. sogkemas,
gnat.

(Chip. dmonssag (pl.), little bees or
flies, Bar.; missisawk, misisaiik, wasp. ]
mosum, y. t. [he cuts smooth] he

smooths (his head), he shaves off or

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

for)
~J

| m@whaii, méhwhaii—continued.

[Narr. mého, to eat (alive), R. W.;
cum-mohucquock, they will eat you;
or “the
Canibals, or Men-eaters, up in to the
West”? (Mohawks). Cree
‘he eats him’, Howse. ]

Mohowatigsuck Mauquauog,

moowayoo,

| *msickquatash (Narr.), n. pl. ‘boiled

For |

removes (his hair or beard), ‘he polls |

his head’, 2 Sam. 14, 26; pish mwsum
‘he shall shave off his
hair’, Ley. 14, 8; imperat. mosumush,
“cut off thy hair’, ‘poll thy head’, Jer.
7, 29; Mie. 1,16; stppos. masuk, when
he, ete., 2 Sam. 14, 26. With an. obj.
muswai (for masehheaii, causat.?), he
cuts or makes smooth (an an. obj.);
wuh-hogkuh, he shaves himself,
Ley. 13, 33; shépsoh, he shears sheep,
Gen. 31, 19; 38, 13.
teau, he makes it smooth; suppos.

mositteunk, when he, ete., Is. 28, 25.

um-meesunk,

Caus. inan. maseh-

Intrans. act. mmsu, he smooths, cuts or |

trims smooth.
[Abn. ne-mssi, je me tonds: je me
rase les cheveux; ne-m8saii, je le tonds. ]
mosummu (?), y. i. (adj.) he is jealous;
num-mocheke-masummuam, 1 am very
Jealous, 1 K. 19, 10; suppos. noh ma-
sumont, he who is jealous, Num..5, 14.
Vbl. n. pass. masitteammonk, jealousy,
Is. 42, 13.
m@sumwaéhquok, n. a razor, Num.
8,7. From a causative, perhaps framed

by Eliot, ma@sumwaéhheau, and the gene-

ric determinative -quok (-quog),a knife.
mowhaii, mo6hwhaii, vy. a. an. he eats
what is alive, devours, as a beast of

prey, Gen. 49, 27; 1 K. 13, 28: wmmoh- |
whouh, (the beast) devoured him, Gen. |

37, 20; askok wm-mowhoh, a serpent
bit him, Amos 5, 19; subj. ne woh mo-
whut, that (flesh) which may be eaten,
Ley. 11, 47; noh mawhont, he who eats,

v. 40; noh m@hhukque, ‘he that eateth |

me’, John 6, 57. Cf. meetsu.

corn whole’ (i. e. mo-sohquttahhash, not
broken small or pounded?). See soh-
quitahham. When broken, sohquttah-
hash without the prefix. Hence the
common name succotash, improperly
applied, however, to the unbroken
corn.

[Abn. mesikStar, blé entier, qui n’est
pas pilé. Del. mesittewall, boiled corn
whole, Zeisb. ]

msque. See misqui, red.
msquéheonk. See musyuéheonk.
msqui. See miisqui, red.

m’tah. See mitah.

*muckko-wheesce (Peq.), the whip-
poorwill, Stiles.

*muckquétu (Narr.), he is swift; kwm-
mummuckquete, you are (very) swift,
R. W.

mugquomp, mugwomp, n. a captain,
Mark 6, 21; Dan. 2, 15; Luke 22, 52; an
officer, 1 K. 2,9; 2 Chr. 13, 12; ‘duke’,
Gen. 36, 40-43; augm. mummugquomp,
Acts 5, 26; kehchemugquomp, chief eap-
tain, Gen. 21, 22 (kehchum-, Acts 2
31; kitchum-, v. 33; pl.

6, 15) [umukquompae,

great

kehchimmug-
quompaod, Rey.
valiantly, C.].
man (?).

[Narr. miickquomp-atog, captains or
valiant men. ]

mogki-omp,

muhhog [=m’hogk], n. the body, EI.
Gr. 9; Matt. 10, 28; kuhhog, thy body;
wuhhog, his body; muhhogkunk, n. col-
lect. (an indef. number of) dead bodies,
corpses, Nah. 3, 3. See -hog.

_muhkont, mohkont, n. a leg, El. Gr.

10; Is. 47, 2; pl. -tash, Prov. 26, 20; 3d
pers. wuhkontash, his legs, Dan. 2, 33.
[Narr. mohkont-ash. Abn. 8kaiit, son
jambe. ]
muhkos, mthkas, n. a nail, a claw,
talon, or hoof; pl. -kossog; wuhkassoh,
his nails (accus. -soh, Deut. 21, 12);
Dan. 4,33; 7, 19; kuhkéssog, thy hoofs,

68

muthkos, mthkas—continued.
Mie. 4, 18; Horsese-kossog, horses’ hoofs,
Judg. 5, 22. See mukqs and whqude.

[Narr. mokdssuck, nails. Abn. mekas;

pl. -sak; 8d pl. S8kasar. Del. muckoos,
awl, nail, Zeisb. ]

muhkos. See méhkussa, a coal.

muhpanag. See mohpanag, breast.

muhpegk. See mohpegk, a shoulder.

muhpeteog, -eag, n. a rib, Gen. 2,

(mehpeteak, C.); 3d pers. wuhpeteog and |
uhpeteog, Gen. 2, 21; pl. -gash, Dan. 7,5. |

[Narr. peteatigon, petedgon. Abn. ne-
pigaigan, ma edte, mon cdté; 3d pers.
Spigaigan. ]

muhpit, n. an arm (méhpit, C.); pl.
-pittenash, El. Gr. 10; 2d pers. kuhpit;
3d pers. wuhpit; pl. -ittenash, Gen. 49, 24.

(Narr. wuppittene, -énash, (his) arm,
arms.
bras. ]

99 |

Abn. pedin, bras; ne-pedin, mon |

BUREAU OF AMERICAN

|

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

mukkée, n. © scab, Lev. 13, 7, 8.
[Abn. meghi, gale. }

| mukki, n. a (male) child; pl. mukkiog,

muhpo, vy. impers. it snows (mawpaw, |

Wood); pres. def. muhpwi, it is snow-
ing (muhpowi, it snows; sun muhpo,
does it snow? C.). Ady. and adj.
muhpowe kesukod, a snowy day, 1 Chr.
11, 22. Cf. * sdchepo.
[Cree mispoon; suppos. mispook. ]
muhpuhkuk. See muppuhkuk, a head.
muhpuhkukquanitch, -nutch, n. a
finger or finger’s end; uhp-, the tip of
his finger, Luke 16, 24; pl. -nitcheash,
fingers, Dan. 5, 5. For muppuhkukque-
wunnutch, head of (his) hand.

muhpuhkukquaseetash, n. pl. the toes,
Dan. 2, 41, 42; 3d pers. uppuhk-, his
toes, 1 Chr. 20, 6. For muppuhkukque-
wusseel-ash, head of (his) foot (muppuh-
kukquaset, C.). See kéhtequaseet, the great
toe.

muhpuhkukqut, (upon the head, as n.)
a helmet or covering for the head; more
often with prefix of 3d pers. uppuhk-,
Is. 59, 17; Ezek. 27, 10; muppuhkukqut
ohtag (that which belongs on the head),
‘mitre’, Ex. 28, 39; pl. uppuhkukqut
ahhohtagish, ‘bonnets’, v. 40; Lev. 8, 13.

mukkatchouks, mukkut-, n. a son, ‘a
man child’, 1 Sam. 1, 11; Job 3, 3.

(Narr. num-mickquachucks, my son;

muckquachuckquémese, a little boy. Peq.
muckachux, boy, Stiles. L. Island, ma-
chuchan, boy; machaweeskt [= mukkiése,
El.], a little boy, S. Wood.]

| mukkutchouks.

Ps. 148, 12; 2 K. 2, 24; Gen. 33, 5; di-
min. mukkiés, a little child, Proy. 20, 11;
Matt. 18,4; ‘babe’, Ex. 2,6 (mukkoies,
C.); pl. -sog, Matt. 18, 10. Wb. adj.
mukkiésu, he is a child; suppos. mog-
kiesueon, when I was a child, 1 Cor. 13,
dl. Vbl. n. mukkiesumonk (mukkoiesu-
onk, C.), childhood, Eccl. 11,10. [From
mukukki. This word has been displaced
by nawmon, ete., in the Cree, Chippewa,
and western Algonquian. ]
(Narr. num-mickiese, my son].
mukkinnum, magk-, vy. t. he collects or
gathers (inan. objects); infinit. -wmnunat
herbs-ash, to gather herbs, 2 K. 4, 39;
mukkinumok, gather ye (the tares, Matt.
13, 30); mukkinitch, let him gather
(the manna, Ex. 16, 16); suppos. noh
magunuk, he who gathers up, Num. 19,
10. Cf. méunum.
[Abn. ne-megheneman, je le trie. ]

mukkoshqut, n. a plain, Gen. 11, 2; 13,
10; mukoshkut, Gen. 19, 25. From mogki
and oshk (=ashkoshki, green; im’ oskeht,
grass), with the locative suffix, the
great grass place; mukoshqutde, plain
(as adj.), Jer. 48, 21.

(Narr. micickaskeele,a meadow. Abn.
meskikSik8, place where grass is. Micm.
mv skeegooaicadee, meadow. |

mukkokin, y. i. he bares himself, un-
clothes; imperat. 2d pl. mukkawkék, -ég,
be bare, ‘strip yourselves’, Is. 32, 11;
with an. obj. mukkwkinaii, he strips,
makes (him) bare; imperat. prohib.
ahque mukk@kin matcheku, do not [strip]
rob the poor, Proy. 22, 22; suppos. mag-
gokinont; pl. -oncheg, ‘spoilers’, Jer.
51, 48. N. agent. mukkokinnuwaen, a
plunderer, a robber; pl. -énuog, ‘extor-
tioners’, Is. 16, 4 (suppos. mukkookin-
nuwaenuit, ‘if he rob’, i. e. if he be a
robber, Ind. Laws, xyr).

[Abn. ne-meg8gnaii, je le pille. ]

mukkukkontup, n. a bald head, Ley.
13, 42 (locat. + d6unit).

mukkukkontupaii, y. i. he has a bald
head, Lev. 13, 40, 42. Vbl. n. -ppdonk,
baldness, Is. 3, 24. Cf. masontupaii.

See mukkatchouks.

TRUMBULL]

mukkuttuk, n. the knee, Is. 45, 23; pl.
-ukquog, Job 3,12; Is. 35, 3; 3d pers. |
ukkuttuk, his knee. For m’ quttuk (from
quttau-eu, or rather from the same base ), |
that which sinks down or goes down. |
[So, Ang. Sax. cneow, Goth. hneigan, |
Engl. knee, and Ang. Sax. hnig-an, incli- |
nare, incurvare.] Nish noh mukkultuk |
nauwaeu, every knee bows, Phil. 2,10. |
[Abn. nekedek8, mon genou. Del.
guigu, Zeisb. ]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

mukos. See médhkussa.

mukgs, n. an awl, Ex. 21, 6; Deut. 15,
17. From uhqudeu, it is pointed. Cf. |
nuihkos. |

[Narr. (pl.) micksuck, awl blades.
Del. muckoos, awl, nail. ]

mukquoshim, n. a wolf (El. Gr. 9),
Is. 65, 25; Jer. 5, 6; mummugquoshum,
Gen. 49, 27; mukquisshum, C. (who has
also nattahqussuog, wolves). For muk-
quoshim the Mass. Ps. (John 10, 12) has
nattohqus. From mohwhaii, he eats
live flesh, with (-oshim) the generic de-
terminative of the names of beasts.

[Narr. muckquashin, pl.
moattoqus, a black wolf; natéqus, a wolf; |
natéquashunck, a wolf-skin coat. Peq.
mucks, Stiles. Chip. mah ing gun, mé én/
gun, mawekan (maheengun, J.), Sch. |
u, 464. Menom. manh-wawe. Shawn. |
m/wai wah. Mex. mayaquen [qu=k). |
Otomi muhu. J

mukquttunk, n. the throat; kuk-quttunk-
anit, to thy throat, Proy. 23, 2. From
the same root as mukkuttuk; m’ quitunk,
the going down (the swallow? or the
bending of the head?).

[Narr. giittuck. Abn. mek8taiigan,
gosier; 3d pers. akSdajigan. Del. gunta,
“swallow it’, Zeisb. ] |

mukukki, (it is) bare, bald, destitute of |
covering, Jer. 48, 37.

(Narr. muckucki, bare (without nap,
said of cloth).]

mummishkod, n. abundance, ‘great
store’; —— meechum, ‘store of victual’,
2 Chr. 11, 11. From missi; augm. ma-
missi, very great.

-mungquot, -quodt, suppos. -mungquok,
the generic determinative of verbs of
smell. See asuhmungquodt;
mungquot (it smells badly); weetemung-
quot (it smells sweetly), ete.

-mwock;

matche- |

69

*munnannock (Narr.), a name of the
sun and of the moon, R. W.79. From
anéggs, star (or from its radical), with
a prefix of which the significance is not
clear [or from munnoh, island (?).]

*munnaonk, n. the throat, C. (?) Cf.
manona.
*munnawhatteatg (Narr.), ‘‘a fish

somewhat like a herring,’ R. W.
Probably Alosa menhaden, Mitch., the
‘bony fish’, ‘hard head’, or ‘mun-
haden’ of the fishermen; called also
in the northern parts of New England,
pauhagen. Both names have reference
to the use of this and other species of
herring as fertilizers; munnéhquohteau,
he manures or enriches the earth, and
Abn. ‘‘pakkikkani, on engraisse la
terre,’’ whence ‘‘pS&kaiigan, petit pois-
son.”

munnequomin, n. corn or grain when
growing or in the field, Hos. 14, 7; pl.
-minneash, -munneash, green ears of corn,
Ley. 2, 14. (Cf. missunkquaminneash,
-munash, full ears, ears of corn, Gen.
41, 5, 7, 22.) [Manured corn (?).]

*munnogs, bowels, C. See menogkus.

munnoh, n. an island, Acts 28, 1; Rey.
6, 14; with the locative affix, munndéh-
hannit (menoh-, munndh-), to, at, or on
the island, Acts 13, 6; 27, 26; 28, 7, 9,
11; pl. -6hhanash, Ps. 97, 1; Is. 41, 5.
Adj. and ady. munnéh-hanne, of an is-
land, Is. 18,22; 34, 14.

[Abn. menahan, ile; -hans8k, dans
Vile. Menom.
may nainsh. Shawn. mena thee. Del.
mun ah tahe, Sch. 11, 462, 474; mena tey
(and -te ii), Zeisb. ]

munnohquohteau, y. t. he enriches the
land, fertilizes, manures; pajeh munné-
quohtedan, until I dung it, Luke 13, 8.
munnontam. See manontam, hesmellsit.

Chip. min is, me niss.

| *munnitcks (Narr.), the brant goose

(Anser bernia); pl. -suck, R. W.
[Peq. a’ kobyjeeze, brants, Stiles. Mass.
menuks, a brant, C.]
*munnunnug (Narr. ), milk.
nunk.
munumuhkemao,, vy. i. it rushes (makes
a rushing sound?); suppos. inan. subj.
manumuhkemauk, when there is a rush-
ing (of mighty waters), Is.17,12. Vbl.
n. munumulhkeonk, a rushing, ibid.

See menin-

70

*[mununneet (?), n. the bladder;] adj. |
-toe qussuk, stone in the bladder, Man.
Pom. 88.

[Abn. manSéteti, man8e, les fesses. ]
muppuhkuk, muhpuhkuk, n. a head,
TIs.1,5; Amos 8,10. Rarely used with
the impers. prefix; more commonly
(3d pers.) uppuhkuk, (his) head, Lev.
1,4; 3,2; Job 41, 7; Ps. 68, 21 (‘scalp’).
See -ontup.

[Narr. uppaquéntup, the head; mip-
pacuck, a long lock. ]
muppusk, -pisk, n. the back, Rom. 1,
30; Jer. 18, 17; nuppisk, my back; 2d
pers. kup-; 3d pers. uppisk, uppushk;
uppisquanit, at, on, or to the back, Prov.
10, 13; 19, 29; anaquabeh kah nuppis-
quanit, before and behind me, Ps. 138, 5.
From poske, bare, uncovered.

[Narr. uppusquan, the back. Abn.
peskSan, son dos; ne-peskSanek, derriere

BUREAU

mon dos; ne-paski-peskSan-énaii, je dé-
couyre lui, le milieu des épaules. Chip.
pek wun’, pe quoy nong, pik wun.)
*muschindaug (Peq.), a lobster, Stiles.
See *ashaint.

*mushoshketomp, n. [great man], ‘a
noble man’, Mass. Ps., John 4, 46.
mushon, mishon, n. ‘‘an Indian boat,
or canow made of a pine or oak, or
chestnut-tree,’” R. W. 98; a boat, John |
6, 22; Acts 27, 30; pl. -nash, John 6, 23;
ut um-mishon-ut, into the [his] boat,
John 6, 22; kamshon, thy boat, Samp.
Quinnup. 156; musshoan, boat or canoe,
and peontaem, C.

[Narr. mishoon; dim. -mémese, a little
canoe. Abn. amas&r; pl. -8rar, canot
de bois. Peq. meshwe, Stiles. Chip.
chemaun, Sch.; tchiman, Bar. Del. amo
chool, Zeisb.]
mushqun, n. the liver: nushqun, my
liver, Lam. 2, 11; wusqun, wushqun, his |
liver, Proy. 7, 23.

[Chip. koon, quoon, oquoyn, Sch. uy,
458. Miami haw ko ne. Shawn. oh
kone. ]
muskésuk, n. (1) the eye, El. Gr. 10;
Job 10, 18; Matt. 18, 9; pl. -ukquash.
(2) the face, Ezek. 10, 14; nusk-, kusk-, |
wuskesuk, my, thy, his face or eye.
(Sansk. iksh, videre; aksha, oculus. )

[Narr. wuskéesuck (his) eye. Peq. |

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

skeezucks, eyes, Stiles. Muh. hkeesque,

[BULLETIN 25

muskesuk—continued.
eye. Abn. ne-siseg8k, ma face; Ss-, sa
face; ne-tsisek8, mon ceil. Chip. shkézh
ig, skezh ig, eye, face. Menom. maish
kay shaick, eye; osh kay shayko, (his)
face. Shawn. o skees a kwee, (his) eye.
Del. wuschgink, (his) face, Zeisb. ]
muskéau, vy. i. he boasts, he speaks
boastfully, Ps. 10, 3; suppos. 2d pers.
ken maskowaan, thou who (when thou)
boasteth, Rom. 2, 23; pl. (part.) neg
mdskéacheg, they who boast, boasters.
Vbl. n. muskéaonk, misk-, boasting.
muskodtuk, n. the forehead, Ley. 13,
42; nusk-, kusk-, wuskodtuk, my, thy,
his forehead.
[Narr. mscdttuck.
front; 3d pers. 8sk-.]
muskon(?), n.abone; pl. -nash, Prov. 14,
30; but usually in 3d pers. wuskon, (his)
bone, Job 2, 5; Ezek. 37, 7; pl. Judg.
19, 29 (wishkon, weshkeen, C.). Cf. dskon,
a horn; askén, a hide, undressed skin;
mishkénontup, skull.
[Narr. wuskan. Chip. okdn, his bone.
Miami kaw ne. Menom. oh konne.]
muskon-ontup. See mishkonéntup.
muskouantam, y. i. (1) he is boastful,
Ps. 34,2. (2) he rejoices, exults, is very
glad, Ps. 14, 7; imperat. -antash, rejoice
thou, Joel 2, 21; 3d pers. -antaj, let him
rejoice, Ps. 48, 11. See muskdéau.

Abn. meskdtegsé,

_musomtam, vy. t. inan. he pierces (it) with

an arrow, dart, or other sharp instru-
ment; with remote an. obj. -tamaii, be
pierces (it) to (him), makes (it) pierce
(him); suppos. masmtamaiiut wusqur,
‘when a dart strikes through his liver’,
Proy.7, 23. The base or primary ver)
(musa, it pierces) is not found in Eliot;
massonog (a nettle; masatinock, R. W.)
is formed from it.

musquantam, v. i. [musquiantam, blood-
minded] he is angry, Jonah, 4, 1; 2
Sam. 13, 21; suppos. musquantog, if he
be angry, when angry, Proy. 14, 17; im-
perat. prohib. ahque musquantash, be not
angry, Eecl.7,9. Vbl. n. act. -tammonk;
pass. -nittuonk, anger. See *squdntam.

[Narr. num-musquantum, I am angry.

Abn. ne-msskSérdam, je suis en colére,
je suis faché. ]

musquanumau, v. t. an. he is angry at
(him), Ley. 10, 16; imperat. prohib.

TRUMBULL)

musquanumau—continued.
ahque musquanum, do not tret thyself,
Ps. 37, 1, 7, 8; ahque mosquanumeh, do
not be angry with me, C.

{ Narr.
angry with you. ]

*musquash, the muskrat (Fiber zibethi-
cus); muskquash, Josselyn’s Voy. and
N. BB. Rar. 53; Smith’s
Descr. of N. E.; muskewashe, Morton’s
N. E. Canaan; ‘civet scented musquash,’
Wood’s N, E. Prospect. [musqui-oshim,
red animal (?) or ma@skou (?).]

[Abn. m&sk8éss8. Del. damascus,
Zeisb. ]

musquéheonk, msq-, ybl. n. [from
causat. musquéhhéau, it makes him red,
it reddens,] blood, Deut. 12, 16, 23;
Acts 17, 26; 28, 8; na@sqgh-, my blood;
kasgh-, thy blood; wusg- or wsq-, his
blood. Adj. and ady. musqueheongane,
bloody. Cf. *neepuck.

(Narr. mishqué and néepuck, the blood;
misquinash, the veins. Chip. mis’kwé,
blood; ws kwai aub, (his) vein. Shawn.
misk wee, blood; m/shks mah, vein.
Menom. mainh kee, blood. Abn. mesig-
Saghes8, il est tout couvert de sang.
Del. mhuk, blood, Zeisb. Gr. 104. ]

miusqui, mishqui, msqui, and -que, (it
is) red, Ex. 15, 4; Josh. 24, 6; Esth. 1, 6;
suppos. mosquag, moshquag, when it is
red, Gen. 25, 30; Ex. 25,4. In comp.
words, musqu-, msqu-; msquonagk, -ak,
red cloth or clothing, Matt. 27, 28, 31
(see ménak). With an. subj. (v. adj.)
musquesu, (he is) red, Gen. 25, 25; Zech.
il, By

[Narr. msqii. Peq. mesh’ piow [scar-
let?], Stiles. Abn. mk8ighen i8, cela est
rouge. Cree mithkwoéuw, it is red; mith-
koo, blood. Chip. misqua, misquozé (an. ) ;
radix, misk, Sch. 11, 466. Shawn. m/sh-
wah we. Menom. mainh kiew. Del.
machkeii, y. adj. red (it is), Zeisb.]

musseet, n. a foot; pl. -tash, El. Gr. 10;
nus-, kus-, wus-seet, my, thy, his foot;
wusseetwoash, their feet, Josh. 3, 15
(misseet, a foot, C.).

[Narr. wussete. Peq. kuzseet, (thy)
foot, Stiles. ]

mussegan, -ékon, n. the loins, Ezek. 23,
15; Nah. 2, 10; nusseganohtogq-ut, in my
loins, Ps. 38, 7; (nus sékonohtogg, my

kum-musquatinam-ish, I am

m USQUASSUS,

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

“J
—

mussegan, -ékon—continued.
reins, Proy. 23, 16); kus-, in or from
thy loins, Gen. 35, 11; wussékonohtogqut
a@shoh, in the loins of his father, Heb.
iy 1),

mussegen. See missegen.

musségon, y. impers. it hails; as n. hail,
Ps. 148, 8; 78, 48; missegun, Rev. 16, 21;

suppos. missegog, Is. 82, 19.
[Abn. sik8rdi, il gréle.

gan, Bar. Cree séyséykun.

Chip. s
Miami me

ze kwaw. |
mussés.
mussi, whole; suppos. (?) nuk-keteaonk
ash mussit, ‘my life is yet whole’, 2Sam.

See wm-missés-oh.

1,9. (Not found elsewhere. The pri-
mary meaning is ‘great’. See missi. )
mussin. See missin.

mussinum, mis-, mussunnum, vy. t. he
touches (it) [he smooth-handles it;
from mosi, with the formative of verbs
denoting action performed by the
hand]; suppos. noh masunuk, he who
touches it, Lev. 15, 7, 12; Amos 9, 5;
freq. mohmussunnum, he touches (it)
often, he handles (it). Vbl. n. musswn-
numoonk, touching, touch (missinu-
maonk, C.). With an. obj.
nait (mis-), he touches (him); suppos.
noh masunont, he who touches him,
Ley. 15, 11, 19; with inan. subj. missis-
sin (-ishin, mus-), it touches, adjoins,
reaches quite to; missishin kesukqut, ‘it
reached unto heaven’, Dan. 4, 11; mis-
sussin sussipponkomuk, it reached to the
wall of the house, 2 Chr. 3, 11, 12; mis-
sishin kuhtamog, the ship touches, is
aground, Acts 27, 41.

mussippég. See mussuppéy.

mussipsk, n. the ankle; -kut, to the
ankle, ankle deep, Ezek. 47, 3; 3d pers.
wussupskon, his ankle bone, Acts 3, 7.
(Strictly the back and sides of the ankle
joint; mussi-poske-oskon, where the
bones touch behind. So, Abn. ‘‘ne-
dapsk8' k8é, mon cou derriére, metabsk8-
“78é, le derriére et les deux cétés du
cou.’ Cf. missippuskunnicheg, wrist
(the back of the wrist, C.).

mussisse, ady. in public, publicly (?),
Matt. 1,19. Cf. mdmusse, musst.

[Micm. m’shet, tous; m’sheda, tous

ensemble. Narr. missésu, adj. an. the

Abn. messi8i, mesetsai8i, tout

MUSSU-

whole.

72 BUREAU OF
mussisse—continued.

entier. Del. messissu, whole; mesitsche-

yeu, Wholly, entire, Zeisb. ]
mussissittoon, n. a lip (missustan, C.);

pl. -nash, El. Gr. 10; 3d pers. wus
his lip, Prov. 12, 19; 17, 4.
si-muttoon, it is close to the mouth.
[Del. wsche ton, lip, Zeisb.]

mussittipuk, n. a neck, Ps. 75,5; Is. 30,
28 (missitteippeg, C.); pl. -kanash, Judg.
5, 30; kussittipuk, thy neck, Cant. 7, 4;
wus-, his neck, 1 Sam. 4, 18; mussi-t-

For mus-

muhpeg (wuppeke, R. W.), joining the
shoulders.
[Narr. sitchipuck. ]
mussohquam([in], missoh-,
sunk-, n. an ear of ripened corn, Ley.
2,14; Mark 4, 28; pl. -munneash, -min-
neash, Gen. 41, 5, 7; 2 K. 4, 42. From
muss@ (dried), with the formative of
verbs of growth, -quam; mussohquamin,
it grows dry or ripens by growth.
[Abn. mesask&, épi de blé.
mussmonk, missounk, n. a dry tree,
Ezek. 17, 24; 20, 47. Cf. askunkg (a
green tree); kishkunk.
[Abn. mes8ak8 abdsi, arbre sec; aresk-
sak8, arbre vert, qui ne peut brdler. ]
mussmpohteau, y. i. (inan. subj.) it
becomes dry, ‘it withers’, Hag. 1, 4;
suppos. -ohtag, when it dries or withers,

Ts27, a.
mussuhkaiiaii. See miskaiiail.

mussuhkomo@, mis-, vy. t. he goes on
touching (it), Dan. 8, 5; with an. obj.

>

-uhkaiiaii, he reaches or goes on to touch

(him), 2:Chr. 3, 11.
[Abn. ne-saiimenemen, je le touche

(tango). ]
mussunkquamin.

a (full) ear of corn.
mussunnum.
mussuppég, mussippég, pl. -péquash,

-pégwash, n. tear, Lam. 2,18; Mal. 2, 13;

nus-, my tears, Job 16, 20; Ps. 6,6. Cf.

missippano and -sippaeu.
[Abn. mesebig8an;

See missunkquamin
Y ’

See mussinum.

pl. -nar, larme;
nsssebigsani, jen verse.
quall (pl.). J

muswaii, vy. t. an. he pierces or wounds

(him) with an arrow or other missile,
1K, 22, 34; 2 Chr. 18, 33; and pass. he
is hit or wounded, etc.

AMERICAN

mus-_

Del. suppin- |

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
| muswaii—continued.
[Abn. mesaii, vel mesSdaiis8, il est
blessé d’une balle ou fléche; mes&, il est
6.)
| mutchaht, -cht, n. a sinew, Is. 48, 4;
pl. -tash, Job 10,11; 30,17; Ezek. 37, 7;
3d pers. wutchoht.
[ Abn. Stsét, nerf du corps, de l’ homme
ou des animaux. Del. wischeet, sinew. ]
| mutchdan, n. the nose, Is. 3,21; Proy.30,
| 83: the muzzle or snout of an animal,
Proy. 11, 22; nutehdn, kutchan, wutchdn,
my, thy, his nose; ut wutchdn-it, into
his nostrils, Gen. 2, 7.
[Narr. wuchaiin.
(thy ) nose, Stiles.

bless

Peq. kuchijage,
Abn. ne-kitan, mon
nez; m8sittan, le mutle.]
muttdag, -agk, n. a standard, a banner,
Ps. 60, 4; Is. 59, 19; Jer. 4, 21; 50, 2;
| 51, 12; pl. -kinash.
| [Abn. metéséghen, étendard. ]
_muttdanmog, -anwog, [they are very
| many], John 21,6 (of ‘the multitude
| of fishes’), Ezek. 47, 10; Nah. 3, 3;
| y. i. from muttdée; not used in the sing.
| muttde, adv. exceedingly, very much,
very; wunnegen, (it is) exceeding
good, Num. 14, 7; —— mocheke, ex-
| ceeding much, 2 Sam. 8, 8;
netu, very beautiful, 2 Sam. 11, 2.
_muttdnnunk, muttannong [n. coll.
from muttdeu, a yery great number, a
multitude, an. or inan.], a thousand;
nequt muttannunk, one thousand, Num.
31, 4. Adj. and ady. -ngane; pl. an.
muttannongan-ogkussuog, nequi muttan-
ong lane] muttanonganogkussuog, a thou-
sand thousand (persons), 1 Chr. 21, 5;
pl. inan. -ogkodtash, 1 Chr. 22,14. (See
| -ogkodt-. )
| (Narr. n’quitte miltannug, one thou-
sand. Abn. mtdra,ten; neg&d amksa'ki,
| one thousand. ]
/muttaohke, muttaok, n.
| Luke 16, 8; John 14, 27.
| ohke, very much land.
muttdsash, met-, n. pl. [leggings],
| ‘hosen’, Dan. 3, 21; ‘greaves’, 1 Sam.
17, 6; ‘sandals’, Mark 6, 9; muttassash,
stockings, C. Cf. kaukéanash.
[Chip. métds, legging; (Sag.) wee tah
sun, (his) legging. Menom. me teesh
Shawn. mit a tah. Miami taw-

wun-

the world,
For muttae

|
| shon.

sama. |

TRUMBULL]

muttasonitch, n. the little finger; nwm-
mat-, my little finger, 1 K. 12, 10; 2 Chr.
10, 10. For matta-asuh-nutch (menut-
cheg), the last of the hand [no hand
after (?); last (or least) of the hand (?).]
muttdsons, n. the youngest son, Gen.
42, 13; 2 Chr. 21, 17; 22, 1; -oh, Judg.
From mat-asuh, not after (?). See
the Abnaki below.
[Abn. ne-medéssaiin8i, je suis le cadet

9, 5.

NATICK—-ENGLISH DIOTIONARY

de tous, ‘posito quod nullus alius sit.’] |

muttinnohk6éu, muttinuhk6ou, n. the

right hand; nuttinnohkéu, my right
hand, Ps. 73, 23; wut-, his right hand,
Dan. 12, 7; (unninuhkée menitcheg, the
right hand, C.)

muttinnuhkouneiyeue, ady. on the
right hand, to the right, 2 Chr. 23, 10.

Ue x s ° |
[Narr. y6 mtiéinnock, to the right!

Abn. arenakaisi, la main droite. ]
muttinwhunutch, n.a finger. See wul-
tinwhunitch.
muttompeuk (?), -pek, n. the jaw; 3d
pers. wultompeuk, -pék, his jaw, Judg.

|

13

muttompeuk (?), -pék—continued.
15, 15, 16, 19. Adj. and adv. wutom-
pukone, Proy. 30, 14.
[Del. ta wam pi can, the jawbone,
Zeisb. ]
mutton, n. the mouth, El. Gr. 10; nut-,
kut-, wutton, my, thy, his mouth; pl.

-nash; 3d pl. wuttonawéash, their

mouths, Ps. 78, 30; Heb. 11, 33.
[Narr. wutlone, (his) mouth. Peq.

kutléneege, (thy) mouth, Stiles. Abn.

ne-dSn, ma bouche; 8d8n, sa bouche.
Chip. nindon, my mouth (Bar.). Del.
wdoon, (his) mouth, Zeisb.]

muttounnussog, n. pl. the kidneys, Ex.
29, 13; Ley. 3, 4; the reins, Jer. 17, 10;
nut-, my reins, Ps. 26,2. Cf. wunnus-
smog, testes.

muttugk, muttukki, n. the shoulders
(upper part of the back); wt nuttukect,
on my shoulders, Job 31, 36; kuttugk't,
on thy shoulders, Josh. 14, 5; wuttugkit,
on his shoulders, Luke 15, 5 (wuttukit,
Judg. 16, 3); mitik, a shoulder, C.

NG

na, demonstrative particle, there: na ut |
(and naiit), thereat, therein, thereon, |

Ts. 42, 11; Luke 13, 6; na wutche, there-
from, thence, hence, Ex. 11, 1; na
ohteau, there is, Eccl. 6, 1; na mo, there
was, 2 Sam. 2, 17; Gen. 1, 3.
nenan, noh, nan.
[Del. ma, ‘there it is’, Zeisb.]

nabo, nab, a particle which, ‘‘from 10 to
20, they add before the numeral” : nabo
nequt, eleven; nabo neese, twelve, etc.,
El. Gr. p. 14 (nobo nés, twelve, Mass.
Ps.). Cf. napanna and Chip. nabino-
tawan, ‘he repeats his words’; nabaan,
‘he fastens it (or puts it) to the end of
something,’ Bar. [From neepaw (?).]

(Narr. piuck-nab-naquit, eleven; piuck-

nab-neese, twelve. Peq. piug-naubut-
nuquit, eleven, Stiles. Abn. -neg8d-
aiinkdo, eleven; nis-aiinkdo, twelve.
Chip. midasswi ashi. béjig, eleven ; ——
ashi nij, twelve, Bar. Cree métatat-
péyakoo-sdup, eleven; néeshoo-sdup,
twelve, ete. ]

nabohteai, n. dry land, Hag. 2, 6.
nunnobohtedou.

Cf. ne, |

CF. |

nadtauwompu, natt-, v. i. he looks (for
the purpose of seeing some object,
looks for or at an object; cf. nuhquainat,
to direct the eye or look in that or
this direction), 1 K. 18, 43; 19, 6 (nata-
wompu); pl. ~puog, they look, 2 Sam.
22, 42. With inan. obj.
nadtauwompadiam, he looks for (it);
suppos. 2d pl. nadtauwompadtamédg we-
quai, while ye look for the light, Jer.
13,16. With an. obj. nadtawwompam«it,
he looks for or at (him).

[Abn.

obj.) -bdmaii, je le regarde. ]

naddteoh, nédteuh, as prep. since, Deut.
ae 32: ne kesukok, since that day
when, 1 K. 8, 16; nadteoh padon, since
when I came, Gen. 30, 30; kddshik
muttaok, since the beginning of the
world, Is. 64, 4 (nateah, lately, since, C.).

[Abn. naighé, niaga, netsi, pour lors,

lorsque. ]

nadtippaeu. See nehtippaeu.

nadtuppo, natuppu, vy. i. he feeds (as
an animal, other than man): pigsog
natuppuog ut wadchu-ut, swine feed upon

See wompu.

nederajibaddmen; (with an.

74 BUREAU OF
nadtupp®, natuppu—continued.
the mountain, Luke 8, 32; ke-netassu-
mog pish nadtuppwog, thy cattle shall
feed, Is. 3 with inan. obj. nadtup-
powantam, he feeds on (it), Jer. 50, 19;
with an. obj. nadtuppowaii, -pwait, he
prepares food (?) for or feeds (?) him;
imperat. 2d +- 3d sing. nadtupweh, ‘dress

92.
, 403

him meat’, 2 Sam. 13, 7; ef. v. 5, wun-
nehteauitch meetsuonk, let her dress the
meat [food]. See -wppa, determinative
generic of verbs of feeding.
[Narr. natipwock, (animals) feed. ]

naéhtau, y. 1. ,causat. inan. from nd-um,
he sees (?)], he appears, shows himself
to (him): monchu naéhtauénat (infin. ),
he went to show himself to, 1 K. 18, 2;
pret. naéhtuomp, he appeared to, 2 Chr.
3, 1; with affixes: ke-naeihtunkow, I ap-
pear to you, Ley. 9,4. Cf. nahtinaii, he
shows (it) to; nahtussu.

nag, suppos. of nd-wm, he sees, when he
sees (it).

nag. See neg, they.

nagont, nagunt (?), n. sand, Heb. 11, 12;
1K. 4, 20; naguntu, -ontu, in or on the
sand, Deut. 33, 19; Matt. 7, 26. See
kehtohhannémuk, ‘sand of the sea’ ( keh-
tahhannomuhk, Mass. Ps.), Ps. 78, 27.

[Abn. néga’k8, sable. Del. le kau,

Zeisb. ]

nagum, pron. 3d sing. an. he, El. Gr. 7
(=noh, q. y.); pl. nagoh (=nahoh),
they.

[Narr. natigom, his own.
or nekama, he, Zeisb. Gr. ]
nagwuttede, ady. continually, all the
time, always, Job 7,16; 27,10; Proy.17,

Tty/p) dey ales
[Abn. nekSiena, quelques jours ensuite
(in posterum). ]
nagwutteaeyeumonk, ybl. n. continu-
ance, ‘perseverance’, Eph. 6, 18.
nagwutteohteau [nagwuttde-ohteau],v.1.
it continues to be, it is continual,
1 Sam. 13, 14.
nahen, ady. almost, El. Gr. 21; Judg.
19, 9; nearly, nigh to, Phil. 2, 27, 30:
nen nahen nun-nup, ‘I am at the point
to die’, Gen. 25, 33; nahen nuppa, ‘he
is at the point of death’, Mark 5, 23.
Cf. ndi; nando.
[Narr. neen® (of a dying man), ‘he is

Del. neka

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|

[BULLETIN 25

nahen—continued.
drawing on.’ Abn. néhéni, tot, bien-
tot. Cree ni-ee, ‘exactly.’ ]

nahnagkide. See nohnagkide.

*nahnaiyeummadt(’), a horse, C.
nayeumuk; nayeutam.

nahnashaii (freq. of nashaii), vy. i. he
breathes; 3d pers. infinit. wunnahnash-
énat, to breathe, Josh. 11, 11; -dneat,
y. 14; suppos. nanashont (nahnashant,
Deut. 20, 16) and nanashonit, when he
breathes; pl. (part. ) neg nanashonitcheg,
they who breathe, Josh. 10, 40 (nen
nunndssham, I breathe, C.). See
nashaiionk.

*nahog, they, them; ui nahog, to them,
C.,=nahoh, El. Cf. noh.

nahohtéeu [= ne hohtéeu, the next in
order], ady. secondly, El. Gr. 21: ——
ompasik, the second row, Ex. 28, 18;
afterwards (i. e. next after), Deut. 1, 8;

See

Luke 23, 26. See hohtdeu.
nahoénnushagk. See nohnushagk, ‘tare-
well.’

{Notr.—Definition not completed.]

nahosik, a ‘pinnacle’, Matt. 4,5; Luke
4,9; suppos. from a verb form ndi-ussw
(inan. subj. -ussew), he makes pointed
or tapering; ne nahasik, that which is
made pointed. See ndi.

nahtinaii, noht-, y. t. inan. and an. he
shows (it) to (him); he makes (it)
appear to (him), Esth. 4, 8 (infin.):
kenahtinush, I will show to you, Judg. 4,
22; howan nahtinukqueog, who will show
(it) to us? Ps. 4, 6; suppos. nohtinont,
Judg. 1, 25. Cf. naéhtau; namehéaii.

nahtussu, vy. t. he shows, makes appar-
ent (-ussu, performs the act of show-
ing); imperat. nahtus, show thou (it),
Ezek. 43, 10; with affix, nahtusseh kwm-
mayash, show me thy ways, Ps. 25, 4
(nahtuhseh keek, show me your house,
(OA)

nai, y. i. it makes a point or angle, it is
angled or angular: yaue ndi, it is four-
angled, square, Ezek. 45, 2; ut yaue naee,
on the four corners, ibid. ; suppos. naiag,
naiyag, When it makes an angle; as n.
a corner, an angle: yaue naiyag welu,
the four corners of the house (lit. where
the house four-corners), Job 1, 19,
=yauwe nayag, Ex. 27, 2, and yaue nah
nayag (freq. all the corners), Acts 11,5.
See nashin.

TRUMBULL]

naihaue, nauwae, ady. in the middle,
Cant. 3,10. See néeu.

*ndim (Narr.), by and by; (suppos. )
namitch, R. W.

naimmaii. See ndyeumaii.

naiomuk. See nayewmuk, [when he is
carried, ] when he rides.

naj, 3d pers. sing. imperat. of nano, it is
the same, it isso. See nan.

namehéaii, namhéaii, y. t. an. he finds
(him), discovers (him) [makes him
visible; causat. an. form from naii, he
sees him; cf. nahtinaii, naéhtau]: ne-

namheh, ne-namehheh, I find him (-nam- |

meh, Hos.9,10); kenamheh, thou findest
me; ke-namhesh, I find thee, 1 K. 21, 20;

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

=
Or

| namohs—continued.

suppos. namehéont, when he finds, he
|

finding, Prov. 18, 22; negat. nen matta
namheoh, I did not find him, 2 Cor. 2,
13; with inan. obj. namehteaii, he finds
(it), Prov. 18, 22; 17, 20; suppos. na-
mehteunk, Luke 15,9 (nun-ndmeehteo, 1
find, C.).

[Abn. ne-namitt8n; (an. obj.) ne-na-
mihaii, je découvre, je vois; ne-namihs,
je vois. ]

namohkaeihheaii, y. t. [causat. form of

/ nan,

namohkau], he lends to (him); -kaaih- |

huau, Ps. 112, 5; -kohheau, Proy. 19,
17; imperat. 2d pl. namohkaeihuugk,
lend ye, Luke 6, 35; namakouhe (?),
lend it to me, Luke 11, 5.
kdeihhuundt.

See nogkoh- |

[Abn. ne-nemekaSihai, je lui préte; |

imperat. nemekasi or kaSihi. }
namohkaii, y. t. he borrows (from or of
another); imperat. -kaush, borrow, 2 K.
4, 3; suppos. ndmohkaudénont, when he
borrows, Ex. 22, 14. Cf. nogkohkouundt.
namohs, n. a fish (ndémds, C.); pl. -sog,
El. Gr. 9, Matt. 17, 27; Ex. 7, 18, 21;
dimin. namohsémes, pl. -mesog, Matt. 15,
34. [The first letter does not belong to
the root, but represents the determina-
tive particle. It is not found in com-
pound words (see -dmag). The base is
the same as in aum; trans. awm-aii, he
fishes. In the Old Algonkin and in
some modern dialects the determinative
prefix is given to the sturgeon as the fish
par excellence. The final s represents
the an. adj. form -esw, or what is equiv-
alent to it, ddas, animal, animate being. ]
(Narr. nammaius, pl. -suck. Abn.

nanadnum.
nanabpi, -peu, (it is) dry.
*nanagkoonk, ybl. n. ‘snorting’, C.

nanahkineg, (as n.) a sieve, Is. 30, 28.

nana[h]konchiyeu-ut,

namés, pl. -sak. Old Alg. kicons (na-
Chip. ké’g6 (nam ai’,
naughmay, sturgeon). Menom. nah-

Del. na

main, sturgeon ).

maish (nahmawe, sturgeon).
mees, pl. -sak. Powh. noughmnass, J.
Smith. Miem. nemesh, Maillard. ]
nampoham, y. i. he answers, replies:
kah nowau, he answered and said,
Job 15, 1; 16, 1; with an. obj. -hamaii,
he answers (him), Gen. 41, 16. Vbl.
n. -hamdonk, an answer, Gen. 41, 16;
2 Sam. 24, 13.
reciprocally.
namshpeyau, y. i. ‘he sojourns’ [visits,
remains for a time (?)], Gen. 20,1. Cf.
enneapeyau.
a particle denoting likeness or
identity, the same as, or such as: noh
nan, the same person, Heb. 13, 8; Ps.
102, 27; ne nan, the same thing, Dan.
5, 5; John 4, 53 (nenan, nnih, nont nee,
‘the same’, C.); ne nan qussuk, that
same stone, Matt. 21, 42; pl. inan.
nanoash, such (things), James 3, 10;
with verb subst. ne nano, it is the same,
it is so: noh nano (nnoh), he is the same
or such; matta ne nano, it is not so, Acts
10, 14; yeush matta woh nanoash, these
things ought not to be so, James 3, 10;
imperat. 3d sing. ne naj, let it be so,
‘even so’, Matt. 11, 26; Luke 11, 2;
Rev. 22, 20; ahque ne naj, ‘not so’,
Acts 11, 8; suppos. ne nag, if it be so,
Dan. 3, 17; matta nanmg, if it be not
so, v.18. Cf. dunag, neane, nnih. [All
these have the same base, and it is im-
possible to distinguish always the forms
of each under Eliot’s varying notation. ]
[Narr. mat endno, mat edno, it is not
true. ]

From nompe, in turn,

nanadnont, pl. (neg) nanadnoncheg; sup-

pos. of nanawunnaii, they who rule,
rulers, Ex. 18, 21; Is. 52; 5.

See nanawunnum, he bears
rule, he rules over (it).

See nunobpe.

See nwmhkik; nunnohkinnum.

in a narrow
way (passage), Num. 22, 26; in a strait
(place), Job 36, 16: mo adt nanakon-
chanag, ‘where there is no straitness’,

76 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

nana[{h]konchiyeu-ut—continued.
ibid.; [nun-]nanohkontap, I am in a
strait (betwixt two), 1 Phil. 1, 23.

nanamunnum qunuhtug, he _ bran-
dishes (‘shakes’) a spear, Job 41, 29.

nanaseu, ady. one by one, Mark 14, 19;
Is. 27, 12; nandse, John 8, 9. Freq.
from nussu, nusseu, alone.

nanashont, suppos. of nahnashaii, he
breathes.

nanashwu, y. i. he prepares, makes
ready; imperat. 2d sing. -wish, prepare
thyself, be ready, Jer. 46, 14. With
an. obj. nanashweaii, he prepares or
makes (him) ready; with inan. obj.
nanashwetam, he makes (it) ready; sup-
pos. nanashwetog, when he prepares
(it), Prov. 8, 27; with inan. obj. and
an. ending, -wetamaii awetuonk, he pre-
pares a habitation for (him), Ex. 15, 2.

nanashwunnun, y. t. he prepares (it);
nunnanashwunnum, I prepare it, Matt.
22, 4. (With formative of verbs de-
noting action of the hand.)

nanaunum. See nanawunnum.

*nanawéhteou, he keeps [safely, makes
safe]; nun-ndnaueehtoo, 1 keep, C. See
nannowe, nandwéted.

nanawunnum, -adnum, -aunum, vy. t.
[primarily to keep safely, ] he rulesover,
governs (it), Dan. 4,17; 5, 21: ke-nanau-
num, thou rulest (it), Ps. 89, 9. With
an. obj. nanawunnaii, -dunnaii, he rules
over or governs (him), Ps. 59, 13; Rom.
7, 1: pish ke-nanawwunuk, he shall rule
over thee, Gen. 3, 16; suppos. mana-
wunont, nanadnont, he who rules; pl.
-oncheg, they who bear rule, rulers, Ex.
18, 21; Is. 52, 5 (nananuachég, magis-
trates, rulers; title-page of Indian Laws).
N. agent. NANwUwuUnnuUden, nananuwaén,
nananuaén, a ruler, Num. 13, 2; Ex. 22,
28: Jer. 51, 46; ‘a nobleman’, John 4,
46, =mushéshketomp, Mass. Ps. (nan-
auonnudnal, to rule or govern; ndnd-
wanumeeh, keep thou me, C.).

{ Narr. meen nanowwinnemun, I over-
see, I look to or keep; naunduwheant
(and nanouweétec), a keeper or nurse, an
overseer and orderer (of their worship),
Ra Wieo2, Liz]

nanepaushadt, -pduzshad, n. the
moon, Gen. 33, 14; 37, 9; Josh. 10, 12,
13; nepduzshad, Ps. 148, 3. Cf. nepdats,
the sun; also a (lunar) month.

nanepaushadt, -pduzshad—continued.

[Narr. nanepatshat, the moon, the
moon god (and munndnnock, a name of
both the sun and the moon). Abn.
kizSs (le soleil ou) la lune; nibaiikizss,
la lune (nibaii-kiz8s, nibaiiisi, de nuit;
ne-nibaiisé, ‘je marche de nuit’). Chip.
kee zis (Sag. ), gé/zis (St Marys), (gisiss,
Bar.), sun; le be ke sis, dib’ ik geé/ zis
(night sun), moon, Sch. Del. ni pa
hum, the moon; nipahwi, by night; ni-
pawoochwen, to go, to travel, by night,
Zeisb. ]

nannahkinnum. See nunnohkinnum.

nannowe, nanouwe, ady. freely, Matt.
10, 8; Rev. 21, 6; safely; nanowiyeue,
in safety, Lev. 25, 19 (nanauwe, free;
-auwiyeue, safely, C.); nannowe, voiun-
tary, of free will, Deut. 16, 10.

nannukshonat. See nunnukkushondt.

nannumit, n. the north wind, Cant. 4, 16.

(Narr. nanimmatin and sunnddin.]

nannummiyeu, -mau, ady. at the north,
northward, Gen. 13, 14; Is. 14, 31,
wutch nannummau, from the north, Ps.
107, 3.

[Del. lowaneii, vy. adj. northerly,
Zeisb. Gr. 164; lowan a chen, north wind,
Zeish. Voce. 44.]

nano, (it increases) more and more, in-
creasingly; used as an adverb of com-
parison: nano missi, it increases (be-
comes more and more great), Job 10,
16; nano m@natash, they (inan.) increase
in number, are more, many, Ezra 9, 6;
nano waantam, he is more and more
wise, increases in wisdom, Luke 2, 52
(ndné, moreover, C.); nanomwonkquaeu
nano nunkquaash, ‘heaps upon heaps’,
Judg. 15, 16.

*nandéckquttin (Narr.), the southeast
wind, R. W. Cf. nunnikquodtul.

nanohkinum, y.t. he seethes (it), boils (?)
it; imperat. and suppos. nanohkinu-

mak toh woh yeu nanohkinumug, ‘seethe
ye that ye will seethe’, Ex. 16, 25.

nanodmonkquodtau, v. t. (freq. ) he con-
tinues to heap up, he piles (it) up, Job
27, 16. See nomunkqudg; numwonk-
quau.

*nanompanissuonk, ybl. n. idleness, C.
See the following:

nanopassumaii, he supplicates of, en-
treats (him). See nanwinpasswmai..

nanouwe. See nannoie.

TRUMBULL]

*nanowétea, nanou- (Narr.),a nurse or
keeper, an overseer and orderer (of
their worship). For nanawehteau, he
oversees or directs.

*nanowussu (Narr.), vbl. adj. an. it is
lean. See énouwussu.

See nanawunnum.

*nanpeh, very (used in the comparison
of adjectives): nanpeh peississu, (he is)
very small; nanpehne, ‘mostly’; nan-

_ pehyeu, ‘especially’, C.

[Cree ndspich, very, Howse. ]
nanukquok, when there is danger; sup-
pos. of nunnikquodt.

nanukqushont, suppos. of nunnuk-
qushaii, he trembles. See nunnukkush-
ondt.

nanumpassumaii, nanop-, y. t. an. he
entreats, supplicates (him): nan-nanum-
passum, I pray [supplicate] (him),
John 14, 16; wunnache nanopasumouh,
they began to entreat him, Mark 5, 17
(ken-nanndmpassumush, I pray or en-
treat you, C.).

nanunkqussu, nanunkgsu, y. adj. an.
he is palsied, Matt. 8, 6; Mark 2, 3;
suppos. ndononkussit, v. 4; suppos. part.
-kussinitche, v.10. Ct. nunnukkushondt,
to tremble.

nanwe, ady. and adj. common [from
nan, the same, such as], general, usual,
normal; hence native or indigenous,
as opposed to pendwe, strange, foreign,
of another kind: nanwe missinninnuog,
common people, Mark 12, 37; pe-
tukquneg, common bread; wut-
Epistleiim Jude, the general Epistle of
Jude (nanwe wosketomp, any man, C.).
See nnih; nnin.

[Del. Jenni, original (?), common;
lenni m’li, pure water; len-achpoan,
common bread; /enachsinnall, common
stones, Hkw.; /enee, common, ‘‘applied
to such objects of nature or of art as are
of common occurrence’; lenee augh-
kweeyun, ‘common cloth, such as the
Indians ordinarily use,’’ Cass in N. A.
Review, No. 50, p. 68. Abn. areni;
areni &damaii, du petun [tabac] com-
mun du pays; ned-aren-aiids?, je parle
Abnaqui; aren-aiipe [= Del. len-dpé],
homo (séén-aiipé, vir). Mic. In8, man.
The Iroquois equivalent is on8é, e. g.
“onk8é on&é, sauvage, homme yrai.’’

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

77

nanwétu, y. adj. (he is common-born, )
a bastard, Deut. 23, 2; Zech. 9, 6 (nan-
wetue, C.). From nanwe, with the form-
ative -efu of verbs of production and
growth.

nanwiyeu, v. i. he wanders about (has

no specified place), strays; pl. -yeuog,
they wander (‘through all the moun-
tains’, Ezek. 34,6). With sh of invol-
untary action or mischance, nanwus-
shau, ‘he wanders, i. e. is lost’, C.

nanwunnodsquaaii, squauwau, v. i.
she is a harlot, a common (nanwe)
woman. Vbl. n. -sqguauonk, harlotry,
fornication, Acts 15, 20; 21, 25; Matt.
5, 32. N. agent. -sqguauwaen, Deut. 24,
17. See nwdsquadnat.

nanwunnodsquaausu, -squaudsu, y.
adj. an. she is a harlot, practices har-
lotry. N.agent. -suen, Lev. 21,14; Proy.
233.275 Is. 57,3.

namsukomunneat. See némsukomun-
neat.
| *napaj, until, C. See pajeh.

napanna, num. five; fahshe is to be
added unless nabo or nab is prefixed,
El. Gr. 14: napanna tahshe; pl. an.

tahsuog, tohsuog; pl. inan. toh-
suash or tahshinash. Nabo napanna, fii-
teen; tahshikquinne, for fifteen
days, Gal. 1, 18.

(Narr. napanna. Peg. nuppau, Stiles.
This is Chip. nabané, ‘one side’, i. e.
one hand; nabanédasse, ‘he has one leg-
ging on’; nabanénindji, ‘he has only
one hand’, Bar.; nabanénindj, ‘the
other hand.’

*napeh, ‘if you dare,’ C.

napehnont, ‘‘ady. of wishing’’; ‘O, that
it were’: utinam, ‘I wish it were’, El.
Gr. 21, 34; Deut. 28, 67. It serves as
an affix in all numbers and persons of
verbs in what Eliot calls the optative
mood.

*nappiyeue, ady. narrowly, C.

napwoacheg, suppos. pl. part. of nup-
woau. See nupwodonk.

nashauanit, the spirit of God (manit),
Matt. 4, 1; cf. mattanit, the devil, same
verse. [Oftener with adj. ‘‘Holy”’
prefixed or ‘‘God’’ added(?)]. See
-cunit.

nashaue, prep. between, Dan. 8,5; Mic.
7, 14; in the middle, Jer. 39, 3;

78 BUREAU

nashaue—continued.
mayash, between the ways, 1 Sam. 14, 4;
nanashaue nenawun kah ken, between us
and you, Luke 16, 25; nanohkontap na-
shaue neeninash, Iam in astrait betwixt
two, Phil. 1, 23; ne penowomdi nashawe
ummittamwussin kah penomp, there is a
difference between a wife and a virgin,
1 Cor. 7, 34; nashaue ken kah nagun,
between thee and him, Matt. 18, 15;
Cf. nédeu, in the middle, and nishwe or
nashwe, third. To the latter (nashwe)
nashaue is nearly related, as are both
these to neese, two. :

(Chip. ndssawaii, between, Bar.; ne-
sahwahyeé, J. (Ci. Del. lechauwaak, a
fork; lechewon, breadth. ).]

nashaiionk, vbl. n. [from riashaii, freq.
nahnashait (q. v.), he breathes]: (1) a
breathing, breath, Gen. 2, 7; Ezek. 37,
9,10; nashaonk, Job 4,9; nushdonk, Job
41, 21. (2) the spirit of man, Prov. 18,

14; 1 Thess. 5, 23; a disembodied spirit,
1K. 22, 21; 2 Chr. 18, 20; Job 4, 15.

[Abn. ne-néssé, je respire. ]
nashin, [V. i. it is between or contained, ]
it makes an angle or corner: yauwut
nashin, it is ‘four-square’, Rey. 21, 16,
=yauut nasun, Ezek. 43, 16, =yawut
nashinit, v. 17; suppos. nashik, where it
makes a corner; as n. a corner or in-
cluded angle: adt nashik, at the corner,
Mark 12, 10, =adnahshik, Ps. 118, 21;
Acts 4, 11; yawut nashik ohke, in the
four corners of the earth, Ezek. 7, 2.
Ady. and adj. nashinne, of or at a cor-

ner: qussuk, corner-stone, Job 38, 6;

squontam, corner gate, Jer. 31, 38.
Cf. ndi.
nashomuk, suppos. pass. of nushaii, he
kills.
nashpe, prep. by means of, by, with (an
inan. agent, instrument, etc.), Ps. 78,
26; 1 Chr. 12, 33-37; Eccl. 2, 1.
(Quir. spe, Pier. Del. nachpi, Zeisb. ]
nashqunduun, vy. t. (with nowtau) he

See nushénat..

kindles (a fire), Lam. 4, 11: nunnashq- |

undnum noteau, I kindle a fire, Jer. 21,
14; 48, 12; 49, 27; suppos. noh nashqun-
ndnug, he who kindles (a fire), Ex. 22, 6.
nashquneau, Vy. i. it burns: nwtaw nash-
quneau, a fire burns, ‘is kindled’, Deut.
32, 22; Jer. 15, 14. Adv. -unde, burn-
ing: nashqunde naotau, burning fire,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|

[BULLETIN 25

nashquneau—continued.
Dan. 7, 9; mohkossaash, burning
coals, Ps. 140, 10; missechuog, red-
hot iron, Indian Laws, 1.

nashqussum, vy. t. he lights (a lamp,
candle, torch, etc.), he sets it on fire
(xindles a fire, Jer. 17, 27); pret. -wnwup
lamps-ash, he lighted the lamps, Ex.
8, 3; suppos. nashqussuk wequananteg,
when he lights a candle, Luke 8, 16.

nashqutteau, y. i. it burns, it is burn-
ing: nona@nde nashqutteau, it burns
with a flame, ‘a flame burneth’, Joel
2,3; suppos. ne nashquttag, that which
burns, fire: onatuh wuttuhg en nashqut-
tag, ‘as wood to fire’, Prov. 26, 21.

Of all these forms the base is the
name of fire which Williams writes
sqitta, but which is not used separately
as asubstantive by Eliot. Of the three
names for fire which appear to have
been most frequently used, nwtaw or
noteau was apparently restricted to fire
kindled for domestic use or for the
service of man; chikoht (Narr. chickot),
from cheke, tierce, violent, to fire as a
power or in action; and nashqutta (sqit-
ta, R. W.) as nearly equivalent to our
characterization of ‘‘the devouring ele-
ment,’’ or fire as an enemy. Cf. nash-
quttin.

[Narr. sqitta, fire. Abn. skStai, feu;
skSta8io, il y en a.—Rasles. ]

nashquttin, [v. i. there is] a destructive
tempest, a violent storm, Is. 28, 2; 29,6;
97

4(,

suppos. nashquil, Job 21 (nashquit-
tin, a northerly storm or a tempest, C. ).

naswaeu, -wayeu, y. i. it is scattered;
ady. naswde, -wayeue, Is. 18, 2, 7; Jer.
50, 17. [2] See seahham.

natauwompu. See nadtauwdmpu, he
looks.
natinneahteau, natinahteau, y. i. he

seeks, makes search; pl. -aog, they
sought, 2 K. 2, 17. Vbl. n. -teaonk,
search, Ezra 4, 19.

natinneham, vy. t. he seeks (it), Prov.
14, 6; 18, 1; Job 39, 29; pl. -hamwog,
they seek (it), Heb. 11, 14; imperat. 2d
pl. -hamoak, seek ye, Matt. 7, 7; suppos.
noh natinnohhog, he who seeks, Matt.
7, 8; with an. obj. natinneawhaii, he
seeks (him), 2 Chr. 26,5; -whooti, Rom.
3, 12; with affixes, wun-natinneahwh-oh,

TRUMBULL]

natinneham—continued.
he seeks (him), Matt. 18, 12; suppos.
« noh natinnewhont, he who seeks (him),
Lam. 3, 25.
{ Narr. natinnehas, search (thou); téa-
qua kun-natinne, what do you look for?)
natippaeu. See nehtippaeu.
natomtomaii, v. t. an. he questions (him),
asks (him) a question; (nat@tamaiiai)
Matt. 16, 13; -maiioh, Matt. 22, 35;

“4,

2
3,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

*naunt (Narr.), alone, only.

79

-naumon (not found without the pro-
nom. prefix), son. See wunnaumonuh.
See nont.
naiit [na ut], ady. of place, El. Gr. 21;
therein, thereon, thereat, Is. 42, 11: na

>

ut ahquompag, at that time, Dan. 3, 8;
nah ut, thereon, Luke 13, 6.

| nauusukomunneat. See némsukomun-
neat,
nauwde. See naihaue.

with the characteristic (-hk) of con- |

tinued action, natw@tomuhkaii, he makes
inquiries, goes on asking questions (of
him); infinit. -konat, to inquire, Ezra
7, 14.

[Narr. kun-natétemi, do you ask me?
wnatotemiickaun, I will ask the way.
Cree untow-(themayoo, he looks for,
seeks (him); wntow-éthetum, he seeks it. ]

nauwaehtamuneaii, v. t. inan. he bows
down to (it); infin. 2d pl. Lev. 26, 1.

nauwaeii, v.i. (1) he bends down, bows,

natotomuhteaonk, vbl. n. (from -wh-

teau, y. i. he asks) a question, Mark 11,
29; 12, 34 (nattatumwehteaonk, C.).
nattauwompu. See nadtauwompu.
*nattmhqus ( Mass. Ps. ), a wolf, John 10,
12 (nattaqussu-og, wolves, C.); ontoquos,
a wolf, Wood.
[Narr. natéqus, wolf;
black wolf, R. W.]
natuppu. See nadtuppa, he feeds.
natwontam, vy. i. and t. inan. he consid-
ers, meditates, devises, Ps. 36, 4: nun-nat-
wontam, I meditate, Ps. 119, 15; I de-
vise, Mic. 2, 3; imperat. 2d sing. -ontash

moatloqus, a

nun-natwontamowonk (vbl. n.), ‘con- |

sider my meditation’, Ps. 5, 1.

na-um, v. i. he sees, Job 28, 24; Matt. 12,
22; and t. inan. he sees (it), Job 34, 21:
nunnaiim, I see, Jer. 1, 11; John 9, 25;
suppos. nag, when he sees (it), Gen.
42, 1:3 6 (naik, Matt. 21, 19); imperat.
2d sing naish, naiish, nash; pl. naiun-
mk, see, behold. Vbl. n. ndiimmonk,
sight, Deut. 28, 67; Luke 4,18. With
an. obj. ndaii, nauau, he sees (him),
Gen. 42,7; John 1, 29; imperat. 2d pl.
nok, Is. 42, 1; suppos. nauont, when he
sees (him), 2 K. 4, 25; with affixes, ke-
nd-eh, thou seest me, Gen. 16, 13; noh
naiit, he who seeth me, John 12, 45;

14,9. Cf. nogque, wompu.
[Abn. ne-namih&é, je vois. Del. ne
men, to see, Zeisb. ]
naumatuonk, vbl. n. a law, Deut. 1, 5.

pl. -ongash, Ex. 16, 8.
wussittumundt.

Ci. nowaonk,

stoops, Judg. 5, 27. (2) he worships,
Ex. 34, 8; pl. -aéog, they worship, Ex.

4, 31; they bow down, Is. 46, 2

2; im-
perat. 2d pl. nauwaegk, worship ye, Ex.
24,1. Ady. nduwde, Gen. 49, 15.

nauwakompaii, vy. i. he stands stooping
or bowed down; suppos. -pauwit, when
he stoops, Luke 24, 12.

[Del. nauwaquepin, to hang the head
down, Zeisb. ] :
nauwanum, vy. t. he bends or bows down
(his person, head, face, ete. ), Ex. 34, 8;
pl. -wmwog, Ex. 4, 31; Luke 24, 5; pret.
nauwanumomp Judah, I have bent Ju-
dah, Zech. 9, 13.

nauwo6su, -seu, y. i. act. he performs
the act of bowing or stooping, he bows
or stoops, Is. 46, 1; John 20.11; suppos.
nddusit, when he stoops, John 20, 5.

natiwot, nauwut. See néadt.

nawhutche [na wutche, therefrom or
there out of], some of, a part of, El.
Gr. 8; Is. 44, 16, 17: kesukodtash,
some days, Dan. 8, 27.

*nawwauwquaw (Narr.), afternoon.
From nauwaeii, he goes down, stoops.

ndyeumaii, naiomaii, y. t. an. he bears
or carries (on his back or shoulders) an
an. obj.; infin. 3d sing. wu-ndyeu-
moénat yokoh (an.), to bear the yoke,
Lam. 3, 27.

nayeumuk, naimmuk, which has the
form of the suppos. pass. participle,
‘when he is carried or borne’ (on the
shoulders of another), is used by Eliot
for the indicative y. t. he rides upon:
nayeumuk ass-oh, she rode upon an ass,
1 Sam. 25, 42; on a
cherub, 2 Sam. 22, 11 (=nayeumugk,
Ps. 18, 10); pl. -wkquog, they rode
upon (camels), Gen. 24, 61; suppos.
part. pl. neg nammukqutcheg, they who

cherub,

80 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

nayeumuk, naiomuk—continued.
ride upon (asses), Judg. 10, 4; horsman-
og nayeumukqutcheg horses-oh, ‘horse-

men [when] riding upon horses’,’
Ezek. 23, 6; sing. noh naomukqut horses- |

oh, he who rides horses, Amos 2, 15

(hence nahnaiyewmooadt, ‘a horse ora |

creature that carries’, C.).

[Narr. kun-niish, I will carry you (on
my back); naynayotimewot, a horse;
wunnia naynayotimewot, he rides on

fa - . (
horseback. Abn. ne-nahSmaii, je le

porte sur mes épaules; 3d sing. Snahs-

man; ahass8, cheval; ne-nah8m8ks

ahass8, jy vais; -nSih8maii ou ne-nanhs-
mani, je charge |’enfant, je le porte (sur
le dos). Del. nech na yun gees, a horse;
na yu mau, he is carried; na yu muk, he
carries me; na yun dam, he carries a
load, Zeisb. ]

nayeutam, v. t. he bears or carries (it)
on his person (on his breastplate, Ex.
28, 29): pish nayeutam aweanun, he
shall bear his own burden, Gal. 6, 5;
suppos. part. pl. nayeutogig, they who

bear [are ‘laden with’], Is. 1,4. [From |

nauwaeil, nawwvaehtam, he bends or
stoops to it(?).]

[Narr. nidutash, take it on your back;

nidutamwock, ‘they are loden’, i.e. carry
burdens. ]
ne, demonstrative and directive particle
or pron. inan. (El. Gr. 7) this, that;
pl. nish, these, those: ne teag, this thing.
ne adt, thereat, at that place, Ezek. 6, 13.

neane, neyane (1) [ne wnne, like this, of |

this kind, such as this], so, such, in the

same manner as, as, El. Gr. 22; Luke

22, 27,29; Mark 4, 26; suppos. nedunak,
-ag (when it is so, or such as), according
to, in accordance with, like: neaunak
wut-anakausuonk, according to her work,
Jer. 50, 29;
ing to the law, Ezra 10,3 (nednag, such,
C.). (2) asn. the appearance of a thing,
its likeness: ne dunak onatuh ne dunak,
‘the color thereof as the color of’,
Num. 11, 7; nedunag yeu muttaok, ‘the
fashion of this world’, 1 Cor. 7, 31;
neaunak menutcheg, ‘in the form of a
hand’, Ezek. 10, 8. See dunag, and cf.
na; nan; nnih; n6; noh; unne.
[Del. nahanne, ‘so, so it is’, Zeisb.]
neanussu [ne unnussu], vy. adj. an. he

unnaumatuonk, accord- |

neanussu—continued.
is such as or of the kind, he is like
(see unnussu); suppos. nednussit, when
he is like, of the kind of (neydnusit,
‘after its kind’, Ley. 11, 16, 19; pl. ne-
yanussehettit, after their kind vy. 14, 15):
neanussit wosketomp, nnih um-menukesu-
onk, as is the man so is his strength,
Judg. 8, 21; neanussit wosketomp, in the
likeness of man, Phil. 2, 7.

*necawnauquanash, ‘old barns’ (pl.).
See auqinnash, R. W. 93. Illin. (Ms.
Dict.) ‘‘naganari, naganara, (pl.) viel-
les cachis dont il ne reste que le trou’’;
“naganaki nimirigsa, il m’a donné son
champ qu’il abandonne.”’

néchippog. See neechippog.

nédteuh. See nddteoh, since.

neechan, y. i. he or she issues from or is
given birth; as n. issue or offspring
(without regard to sex or age); pl. nee-
chanog, they are children (i. e. issue):
ke-neechanog, thy children, Rom. 9, 7;
thy issue, Gen. 48, 6; suppos. neechdnit,
when he orsheisachild, Rom. 9, 8; pl.
part. neg neechdnutcheg, they who are
children or issue, ibid. ; wun-neechan-oh,
the issue of (him), Rom. 9, 26,27. N.
collect. wunneechd-neunk, his issue, col-
lectively, Rom. 9,8. See ontsev.

[Abn. n&nitzaini, Yai un enfant; 3d
pers. Snitzain8; 3d pl. -iinar, ke-nitzaii-
nak [suppos.], tes enfants. Del. nitsch,
nitschaan, child, Zeisb. Voce. 6, 10.]

neechau, néchau, y. i. and t. an. she
gives birth to a child, is delivered, is in
labor, Is. 66, 7; Gen. 4, 17, 22; 35, 16;
suppos. neechadt, when she is in labor,
Gen. 38, 28: sun nun-neecham, shall I
beara child? Gen. 18, 13; pret. neechop,
she was delivered, she gave birth to (a
child), Heb. 11, 11.

[Narr. néechaw, she is in travail;
paugcotche nechatiwaw, she is already
delivered. Abn. ne-nighihé, ne-nitsé,
j entante. ]

neechippog, nehch-, néch-, n. dew,
Dan. 4, 15, 23; Gen. 27, 28, 39. Cf.
nehtippaeu.

[Narr. néechipog, R. W. 82.]

neek, nek, my house, my dwelling. See
week+,

neekin, nekin, y. i. he or she is born.
[Regularly the formative -kin denotes

TRUMBULL]

neekin, nekin—continued.

the growth of inanimate being, as does |
-etu. that of animate: netv, he grows; |

nekin, it grows; but from Eliot’s use of
these two forms it appears that nekin

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

81

| neepattau, -padtau—continued.

had the force of an an. passive, he

is born, he is grown; netu an. in-
trans., which we may nearly translate
by ‘he has birth’, ‘he grows.’ See both
forms in the same yerse, John 3, 4]:
wutch nekin-nedt (infin.), from birth,
Hos. 9, 11; nekin, (a tree) grows, is
grown, Ezek. 17, 6; Dan. 4, 33; (of the
hair), Judg. 16, 12; suppos. nekik, negik,
when it grows or is grown, Dan. 4,
33 (nekuk, Matt. 13, 32); pl. an. -kig:
nékeekig, Rom. 9, 11; pl. inan. -kish:
nekukish, 2 K.19, 29; (pass. form) nekit,
when he is born, John 3, 5, 6; pl. neg
nékitcheg, John 1, 13. Ct. adtannegen;
sonkin; tannegen, ete.

[Abn. nig8, un enfant est né, il est
sorti; tzanig8 (ctf. tannegen, El.), il cesse
de croitre. ]

neempau, v. i. it thunders; as n. thun-
der, Ps. 81, 7 (nimbau, thunder, C.):

ken-neempomog, ‘thy thunder’, Ps. 104, |

fig Ts Wer
[Narr. neimpduog, thunder. ]

neemskom (?), y. t. he brings (it, i. e.
food or drink?) : nunneemskom petukqun-
neg, I fetch bread, Gen. 18, 5; imperat.
Ist pl. neemskomuttuh, let us fetch (it),
1 Sam. 4,3. With an. 2d obj. neemsko-
mah nippemes, bring me a little water,
LK 17, 10:

neen, nen, pron. Ist sing. I; pl. inclus.
kenawun, exclus. neenawun, we, El.
Graie
41, 4; nanashaue nenawun kah ken, be-
tween us (exclus. pl.) and thee, Luke

nen nnoh, 1 am he (who), Is. |

16, 26; but nanashaue kenawun, between |

us (all of us, inelus. pl.), Judg. 11, 10.

The pronoun in the singular has the |

form of the noun agent, with n’ direc- |

tive or demonstrative as the base.
[Del. ni, 1; niluna, we (exclus.); ki-
luna, we (inclus.), Zeisb. ]
*neepanon, n. a shower, C.
neepattau, -padtau, v. t. inan. (1) he
stands (it) upright, erects (it), e. g.a post
or column, 2 Chr. 3,17. (2) he boils or
cooks oyer a fire, i. e. sets up the pot
for boiling: neepdtdu sdbahég, he ‘sod
B. A. E., Buu. 25 6

pottage’, Gen. 25, 29; imperat. nepa-
taush sabahég, ‘seethe pottage’, 2 K. 4,
38, and with an. obj. nepas [=nepaush]
mishe ohkuhk, ‘set on the great pot’,
ibid. (nepattohkuhquénat, to boil the
pot (?),C.).

[Abn. nibadené, léve cela; ne-nibade-
nak8n, je leve un pieu. Del. nipachton,
he raises or sets up (e.g.a post, a pole),
Zeisb. Gr. 160. ]

neepattunkquonk, nepattuhquonk,
n. a post or stake, 1 Sam. 1, 9; Is. 33,
20; a) pillar; 1 Ke 7, 2) 17, 20; 215 an
image (statue), pl. wun-neepattunkquonk-
anog, their images, Ex. 34, 13 [nepatuh-
quonk-ash, ( printers’) ‘columns’, Mass.
Ps. title-page].

neepau, neepoh, v. i. (1) hestands, holds
himself erect; and, as implying a change
of posture. (2) he rises, erects himself,
Ex. 2, 4; 24, 13; pl. -pdog, Ex. 6;
imperat. 2d sing. nepaush, ‘up’, stand,
Judg. 8, 20; pl. -pmk, -pok, stand ye,
1 Sam. 12, 16; Nah. 2, 8; suppos. noh
neepauit, he who stands, Deut. 1, 38
(nun-neepw, I stand, C.). [Cf. Chip.
and Alg. niba, nipaia, he sleeps, and
Mass. nuppa, (he is) dead.]

[Narr. yd néepoush, stay or stand
here. Del. ni pu, he stands; pret. ni
poop; imperat. 2d sing. ni pa wil, Zeisb.
Cree n2powoo, he stands. ]

*neepuck (Narr.?), blood, R. W.
haps the Pequot (Muh.) name.
musquéheonk.

[Abn. nebatkkan8m, mon sang; 3d
pers. abakkan8m, bagakkaiin, sang.
Miami ne pe kon we, blood. ]

neese, num. two, El. Gr. 14; an. pl.
neesuog, Deut. 22, 30; inan. pl. nee-
sinash, Cant. 7, 3; suppos. neesit nompe,
when it is two times, when it is
doubled, Gen. 41, 32 (neese tahshe,
twice as much, Job 42, 10).

[Narr. nedsse. Peg. naéz, neese.
ni schi, Zeishb. ]

*neeshatiog (Narr.), eels, R. W.; nee-
shuongok, Stiles. [Neese-aiiog, they go
by twos or in pairs, they couple; cf.
Abn. niss88ak, ils sont mariés. See
nequittéconnar-og.] The name of ‘ne-
shaw eel’ is yet retained by the fisher-
men of Marthas Vineyard and perhaps

32,

Per-
See

Del.

82

*neeshatiog—continued.
elsewhere in Massachusetts for the sil-
ver eel (Murzena argentea, Le Sueur).
Lam inclined to believe that it origi-
nally belonged to the lampreys ( Petro-
myzon americanus, Le Sueur), which
may appropriately be called ‘pairers’
or ‘couplers’ in distinction from the

‘single going’ eel.
[Peq. neesh, pl. neeshuaugr, Stiles. ]
neesin-wog, v. i. (pl.) they lie two to-
gether, they couple, and y. t. they lie
with, have carnal connection with,
1 Sam. 1, 22; sing. neesin, he (or she)
lies with, Gen. 19, 33; 35, 22; imperat.

Ist pl. neesintuh, let us lie together, |

Gen. 39, 7, 12; suppos. noh neesuk, he
who, ete., Lev. 20, 13; Judg. 21, 11.
From neese, two, with the formative
(-sin) of verbs of lying down. Vbl. n.
neesinnwonk, coupling, lying with an-
other, Num. 31, 18.

[Abn. insk,
couchons deux ensemble (de duobus
viris non malé audit, de viro et feemina,
male). ]

neesneéchag, nesnechag, num. twenty,
El. Gr. 14.
inan. kodtash.
nutcheg (hand; see menutcheg), the sec-
ond time of employing the hand in
counting, twice [the number of fingers
on each] hand.

nisSsin8da, nisés

neesukossont, suppos. part. parting the |

hoof, Deut. 14, 6.
miihkos, nail, hoof.
neeswe, both, the two, Matt. 15, 14; Luke
6, 39.
neetskéhheaii, vy. caus. an. he makes
(him) well, heals, cures: ken-neetskeh-
hesh, I heal thee, 2 K. 20, 5; imperat.
neetskeh kuhhog, heal thyself, Luke 4,
23 (nun-neetskeh, I heal; neetskeh, heal
thou [me], C.). Vbl. n.
onk, a cure, Jer. 33, 6. With inan. obj.

From neese, two, and

See neese.

heals or cures (it), e. g. a wound, a dis-
ease, etc., Ps. 103

neetskesu, vy. adj. an. (he is) cured, re-
stored to health, Jer. 46, 11. Vbl. n.
-kesuonk, a cure, health-giving, Proy.
4122:

neetu, v.i. (1) he (or it) grows, asa plant
or animal, Job 8, 11; Ps. 92, 12; pl.

oO.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN

nous |

Adj. pl. an. —— kodtog; |
From neese and |

neetskehuma- |

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

neetu—continued.
-uog, Jer. 12, 2. (2) he is born, Prov.
17, 17; Job 5, 7; Is. 9, 6; cf. neekin.
This word is not easily translatable;
it signifies he comes into life, has birth,
but it also (with an an. subj.) con-
notes the coming into the family or
tribal relation, domestic lifeand growth.
Cf. wétu.

neg, nag, pron. demonst. they (who),
El. Gr. 7: wame neg, all they who,
Ley. 11, 9, 10; aecus. nagoh, they whom,
them. Cf. noh, nagum.

negonne, ‘ady. of order’, first, El. Gr.
21. Like nequtta (one), of which it is
the ordinal, negonne appears to be
nearly related to nukkéne (Abn. ne-
gainié), old, ancient, and so first in
order of time. See nukkomauondt; nuk-

kone; pasuk.
[Narr. necdwni.
yant, par avance.
first, Zeisb. ]
negonshaii, v. i. he goes first, he is in
advance; y. t. he goes before (them).
(The characteristic -sh denotes going
swiftly, as in 2 Sam. 18, 27: suppos.
noh negonshont, he who runs before or
foremost.] N. agent. negonshaen, a
leader (indef. -énin), Acts 24, 5.
negontaaii, v. t. he sends a message to
(him), i. e. sends word before or in
advance of coming, 2-Chr. 2, 3 (nun-
nékénchuam, I send, C.).
negonuhkaii, y. t. an. he goes onward
before (him), continues to go before or
in advance of [with the characteristic
(-uhk) of progression ]: wun-negonuhkait-
oh, he goes before them, John 10, 4.
[Abn. ne-nikkaiin8ssé, v. i. je marche
devant. ]
negéshkag, =ne késhkag, its breadth.
See kushki.

nehchippog.

Abn. nikkaiinisi, de-
Del. nigani, at the

See neechippog.

| nehenwonche, (1) his own, their own,
neetskehteau, he makes (it) well, he |

2 Sam. 12, 3; 2 K. 18, 27; Prov. 14, 10.
(2) of himself, of themselves, sudsponte;
nish nehenwonche nekukish, things which
grow of themselves, spontaneously, 2
K. 19, 29.

nehnékikom, -ékugkom, v. t. he tears
or rends (it), Josh. 8, 7: wun-nehnekik-
om-un, he tears it in pieces (of a wild
beast, Mic. 5, 8); nen nehnekugkom, I

TRUMBULL]

nehnekikom, -ekugkom—continued.
rend (it), Hos. 13, 8. With an. obj.
nehnékukkaii, he tears or rends (him),
as a wild beast his prey; with affixes

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

wun-nehnékukkaii-oh, he tears him, Luke

9, 42; suppos. noh nehnekukauont, he
who tears (when tearing), 1 K. 13, 26.
Intens. from a primary nékaeu, with
the characteristic (-uhk) of continued
action. From the same primary are
formed nék-ussésu, he cuts or gashes;
neh-nekshaeu, it rends or tears; neh-nék-
inum, he tears (it) by hand, ete.
the following.

nehnekik6su, vy. i. act. he goes on tear-
ing, continues to tear; infin. -d6sinneat,
Jer. 15,3; pass. he is torn; suppos. neh-
negikausik, when he is torn, Ezek. 4, 14.
See nehnékikom.

nehneékinumn,, y. t. he rends or tears (it)
in pieces; with an. obj. -hinaii: nun-
nehnékinuk, he pulls me in pieces (as a
lion tears his prey), Lam. 3, 11 (nun-
negurum, I tear, C.). From nék-aeu,
with formative (-inwm, -inaii) denoting
action performed by the hand, and
intens. reduplication.

nehnekshaeu, y. i. it tears; from neh-
nékaeu, with characteristic of involun-
tary or yiolent action. Asn.a rent, Is.
3, 24.

nehnekugkom. See nelnékikoin.

nehneéteapo (?), vy. i. he devours, Dan. 7,
19; (v. t.) imperat. nehneeteapsh weyaus,
devour thou flesh, vy. 5.

néhneyai (?), ‘cloven’, Acts 2, 3.

nehteau (?), v. i. [he procures food by

See

hunting or fishing, ete.?]: wanne teag |

nehteau-w-og (pl. neg.), they caught
nothing (by fishing, John 21,3). Cf.

notamigquaeu, ‘I go a fishing’; natin- |

neham, he seeks for.
[Abn. ne-natebika, je vais chercher
de la mangeaille. ]
nehtippaeu, natip-, vy. i. it is covered
with water; pl. -paash, they (inan. ) are
covered, ete., Gen. 7, 19, 20; [suppos.
netippog, =neechippog, dew?).
[MARGINAL NOTE.—‘'‘ Wrong; see
chi,” (hogki? ogqunnedt?) .]
nehtée, adv. and adj. skilful[ly], 2 Chr.
2, 8; néhtée and niihtoe, v. 7, intens.
nunneltée, 1K. 5,6. The base (related
to wahteau, he understands) signifies

ogqueh-

83

nehtoe—continued.
knowledge or skill acquired by practice.
The primary verb (nehteau, nohtéau?)
I have not found in Eliot.

nehtonun, y. t. he handles (it) dexter-
ously or skilfully, he is practiced in
the use of (it); pl. -wmwog, they han-
dle, i. e. know how to use (swords,
Ezek. 38, 4); suppos. noh nohtonuk, he
who handles (a sickle, Jer. 50, 16); pl.
neg nohtonukeg, they who (know how
to) handle (shields, spears, ete.), L
Chr. 12, 8; 2 Chr. 25,5. From nohtée,
with skill, and the formative (num) of
action of the hand.

[ Del. nita, I can, Zeisb. Voe. 10. ]
nehtuhtau. See netiihtou.
*neimpatiog (Narr.), thunder, R. W.

See neempau.
neit [ne, with locat. affix], then, at that
time, Judg. 8, 21, 22; Luke 22, 36.

nek. See neck.

nekin. See neekin.

nekittomashik (?), suppos. where it
parts or divides: adt neekittomashik may,
‘at the parting of the way’, Ezek. 21, 21.
Cf. adt neesinash nogkishkauadtumouk
mayash, ‘where two ways met’, Mark
11, 4. [From nequita, where they be-
come one (?).]

| *nekus, ady. there (?), C.

nemehkuh, ‘adv. of likeness’, so, El. Gr.
22; but in his translation it is used as a
conjunction: nemekeh, so (accordingly ),
Gen. 37, 14; nemehkeh neit, so then,
1 Cor. 7, 38.

nemompaai (?), v. i. ‘he has taken a bag
of money with him’, Proy. 7, 20.

nemunnun,, vy. t. he takes (it) in or with
his hand, Ex. 24, 6; Is. 40, 15; Matt.
14, 19; pl. -wmwog, they take (it), Josh.
4, 8; imperat. 2d sing. nemunush; pl.
-numok; with an. obj. nemunaii, he
takes (him), Josh, 2, 4.
itis taken away; tohg-wnnum, he catches
or takes hold of it, ete. The formative,
-unnum (an. obj. -unaii), denotes, gen-

Cf. maumunni,

erally, action performed by the hand;
more exactly, physical action per-
formed directly upon the object with-
out the intervention of an instrument
or agent.

nen. See een.

84 BUREAU OF

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

ne naj, let that be so, so be it. See nan. nequt—continued.

{ Narr. endtch orendtch keen anawayean,

[let it be as you command, ] ‘your will

shall be law.’ ]

nenan, the same (thing), Phil. 2,2. See
nan,

ne nogque, ‘that way-ward’, El. Gr. 21;
toward that. See nogque.

*nenmhque, ady. so, C.
See nogque.

nepattuhquonk.

nepdus, -pduz, n. (1) the sun, Gen. 19, 23;

Ch. anwhque.

See neepattunkquonk.

87,9; Josh. 110; 12; 13; Ps. 89, 36: (2)

a month, Ex. 12, 2; Rev. 22, 2; pl. (an.)

-2009, -2Z8Sa0g. Neesuog nepauzaogd, two
6 Lf 7g } J

ay

months, Judg. 11, 37.
paushadt.
[Narr.

pausuck npatius,

Cf. kesuk, nane-

nippatius, -pdwus, the sun;
one month. Abn.
kiz8s, le soleil; nibad8sse, il éclaire, il
marche. ]
nepauzshad, n.
paushadt.
nepéunk, n. a bush, Ex.
péunkquamit, ina bush, Acts 7, 30; Luke
20,
népun, n. (the latter part of) summer,
Gen. 8, 22; Jer. 8,20. Cf. sequan. “The
earing of their corn [the Virginians
call] nepinough, the harvest and fall of

the moon. See nane-

2 9 2.
3, 2, 3:

oF

ol.

the leaf, taquitock.’’—Capt. J. Smith’s |

Virginia, b. 2, p.
punnde, in or of summer.

[Narr. néepun and quagtisquan, sum-
mer. Abn. nipené, été passé; nipen,
Vété présent; nipeghé, Vété prochain;
nipenisi, pendant |’ été. Cree népin; sup-
pos. népeek. Chip. nébin. Del. ni pen,
Zeisb. Cf. Abn. mibi, leaf. Lescarbot
gives Souriquois [Micmac] nibir betour,
when spring comes; lit. when the leaf
comes, p. 697 (repr. 111, 671).

*nequittéconnat-og ( Narr. ), n. pl. eels,
R. W. [literally, ‘they go one by one’,
or ‘singly’, i. e., are not seen in pairs.
Cf. neeshaviog; and see Narr. Club ed.
of Williams’ Key, note 251]; nequttika,
an eel, C.

nequt, num. one, El. Gr. 14 (see Pick-
ering’s Notes, xliv—-xlvi): nequtta tahshe
(1+5), six, Job 5, 19; nequtta tahshin-

28. Ady. and adj. ne-

|
|

ut ne-

chag, sixty, 2Sam. 2,31. Cotton makes |

this distinction between nequt and pasuk
(q.v.): “‘negut, a thing that is past:

|

pasuk, a thing in being,’’ which, though
not absolutely correct, is perhaps ety-
mologically well founded.
pears to be nearly related to negonne,
first in order, and to nukkone (another
form of the same word), old, or left
behind; perhaps also to nekin, it is born

Nequt ap-

or begins to be. The primary mean-
ing is that which begins a series: one,
as a beginning of numeration, while
pasuk signifies one by itself, a unit.

[Narr. nuquit, Stiles.
Abn. pézek8, one; nekSdaiis, six; neg&da-
‘teg8é, one hundred, ete.; nek8¢si8i,
uniquement. Miem. nekst, un, une fois;
ady. seulement, Rasles. ]

nequtchippai, n. the portion or share of
one person, a share, a part, Proy. 17, 2.
From nequt and chippe.

nequttekesukquash6nat, (infinit. as)
n. one day’s journey: ait , he goes
on one day’s journey, 1 K. 19, 4.

[Narr. nquittakeesiquéckat, one day’s

walk. ]

ne-sahteag, as n. its length (see sohteaii,
it extends): aétaew nesahteag, on its two
ends, i. e. on the two sides long-wise,
Ex. 25, 19.

nesdusuk, num. seyen, Mark §, 5; usually
with tahshe or adtahshe: nesdusuk tahshe,
seven, Ezek. 45, 23; an. pl. -tahsuog,
ibid.

[Peq. nezzdugnsk,
Abn. taiiba8aiis. Cree
téypuckoop. Chip. nijwisswi, Bar. ; nizh-

Del. ni schasch, Zeisb.]

nesnechag. See neesneéchag.

netassu, y. adj. (as n.) a domestic ani-
mal; pl. netassuog, ‘cattle’, Gen. 6, 20;
Ps. 148, 10 (netas, C.). From neetu and
(the base of) assamaii, he feeds him:
house-fed animals.

[Narr. netasiog, cattle; ‘‘this name
the Indians give to tame beasts, yea,
and birds also which they keep tame
about their houses.’’—R. W. 95. ]

netatup, -ppe, adv. like, so, El. Gr.
Luke 22, 31; in such manner, Matt. 5,
12; neane, - netatuppe, as so,
Proy. 26, 21. For ne tatuppe, it is equal.
[Narr. netdtup, ‘it is all one.’ ]

nquit. Peq.

Narr. énada.
néeshwassik or

tiles.

wasswi.

oo.

24;

neteag [= ne teagq], this or that thing: yeu

mohsag neteag, ‘this great thing’ (mat-

TRUMBULL]

neteag—continued.
ter, fact), Deut. 4, 32 (neteag nogkodti-
muk, a thing left, C. 172).
[Del. medhache, ‘matter’, Zeisb. ]
nétomp, my friend.
netompas, my sister. See weetompas.
netuht6u, nehttiihtau, y. caus. inan. he
learns (it), acquires skill in (it): nun-
nettihtou-un, I learn it, Gen. 30, 27; nwin-
mahche netihtop (pret. ), I have learned
(it), Phil. 4, 11; pl. nehtuhtauog, Deut.
31, 12; -téog, they learn, are skilled
in, Dan.1, 17. Vhl. n. -téonk, -tauonk,
learning, skill, Dan. 1, 17; John 7, 15.
N. agent. -téen (indef. -téénin), a skil-
ful man, 2 Chr. 2, 13.

netantam, vy. i. and t. inan. he grieves, is
sorrowful, he grieves for (it), 1 Sam.
20, 34; imperat. of prohib. aque newan-
tam@k, do not grieve, Gen. 45, 5; pret.
-amup, -amop, I was grieved. Vbl. n.
-amoonk, grief [grieving], sorrow, Proy.
15, 18; Is. 58, 3. See nohtimwinneat.

See weetomp.

[Narr. n’nowantam, I am grieved for
you. ]
newutche [ne wutche, that from], adv.
for, from, because, El. Gr. 22; there-
fore, Eccl. 2, 1; because, Is. 7, 5;
yeu, for this cause, because of this,
Eph. 5, 14 (nauwitch, thence, C.). Cf.
nawhutche, therefrom.
(Del. newentschi, Zeisb. ]
*neyanat, last year, C.
neyane.
*néyhom (Narr.), a turkey; pl. -om-
mduog.
[Abn. néhémé (and éhém8), coq.]
*nickémmo (Narr.), a (solemn) feast or
dance.
nikkimme, nuk-, easily, James 3, lve
with an. subj. nikkumesu, Matt. 11,
30; suppos. (?) nukkummat: anue nuk-
kummat, more easily, ‘sooner’, Luke
16, 17; uttoh ne nukkummat, ‘whether it
is easier’ (to say, etc.), Mark 2, 9; nuk-
kummatta, ‘rather than’, (this) ‘and
not’ that, preferably to, Prov. 8, 10.
ninyeu, nunneyeu, n. urine, 2 K. 18,
POS MER SiS PY,
nippe, nuppe, n. water, Deut. 23, 4:
Judg. 5, 25; Ps. 78, 16, 20; pl. -péash,
Ps. 105, 29. From a root ’pe, ‘pi (not
found separate), with the directive and
determinative ne.

See neane.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

| nips.

In compound words |

85

nippe, nuppe—continued.
the suppos. ’pog is employed, as in son-
hippog [sonqui-pog], cool water, i. e.
water when cool. See -pog.

nupph, Stiles. Quir.
nip’p’, Pier. 22. Narr. nip. Abn. nebi,
eau; tekebi, eau froide. Cree nippee (in
comp. -dppwooy, ‘liquor’, liquid). Chip.
nébeh, J.; né/bi, Sch. Del. in’bi, Zeisb.
(and me niip peek, a lake or pond). ]

nippisse, nips (dim. of nippe, small
water), a pool or pond, John 5, 2, 4,7,
as adj. and ady. nuppisse nippe, water of
the pool; nippeash, waters of the
pool, Is. 22, 9, 11; pl. -sash, ponds, Is.
19, 10 (nippis, Mass. Ps., John 5,2).

[Narr. nipéwese, ‘some water’ (for

drinking); nips, a pond.]

nippissepog, nup-, n. a pond or small
lake, Neh. 3, 16: en nuppissepag-wut,
‘into a standing water’, Ps. 107, 35;
‘into the lake’, Luke 8, 33.
pisse and -pog.

[Peq. -nupp,

From nip-

See nippisse.

nish, pl. of ne, these or those (inan.), El.
Gr. 7; Luke 15, 16.

nish. See nishwe, three.

nishkeneunkque, -ungque, (it is) un-
clean, filthy, Lev. 5, 2; 1 Tim. 3, 3, 8;
suppos. -unkquok, when it is unclean,
Lev. 5, 2; ne , that which is un-
clean, filthy, ‘abominable’, Jer. 44, 4;
Ley. 7,21. With an. subj. nishkeneunk-
qussu, V. adj. an. he is unclean, (one
who is) unclean, ete., Ley. 11, 5; 12, 2;
Job 15, 16; suppos. -ussit, Lev. 5, 3.
Vbl. n. -usswonk (an.), uncleanness,
Ley. 5, 3; Col. 3,5. With inan. subj.
nishkeneunkquodtau, it is unclean or
filthy. Adj. and adv. -odtde, Zech. 3, 3, 4.

[Del. nis ksu, nasty, Zeisb.]

nishkenon [y. imp. it drizzles], as n.
fine rain, drizzle, ‘mist’, Acts 13, 11;
‘vapor’, James 4, 14. N. collect. nish-
kenunk, ‘small rain’, Deut. 32,2. Cf.
sokanon, it rains.

(Chip. niskadad, the weather is very
bad, Bar. 532. Del. niskelaan, foul,
rainy weather, Zeisb. ]

nishketeau, y. caus. inan. obj. he makes
(it) unclean, defiles (it); pl. -eauog,
Jude 8.

nishketeauunat, v. act. todefile, tomake
unclean: nishketeauog, they defile (it),

?

86 BUREAU OF

nishketeauundt—continued.
Jude 8; ahque nishkhikok, Ao not de-
file yourselves, Ley. 18, 24; yeush wun-
nishkukqunash, these things defile (him),
Mark 7, 15.

[Del. niskiton, he dirties, bewrays
(it), Zeisb. Gr. 160. ]

nishnoh, each one, every one (an. ), Ley.
TM 15s Tis) 6025) (GInane)Pessios Ole

*nishquékinneat, to rage, C. 206; nun-
nishquet, Lrage, ibid. 205. Cf. nashquttin,
a tempest.

*nishquewam: nen nunnishquewam, 1
chide or scold; nishquemittinneat, to be
chid, C. 185.

nishwe, nish, num. three, El. Gr. 14;
Ex. 21, 11; nishweu, 1 Cor. 18, 13; pl.
an. nishuog; inan. nishwinash, shwinash,
1 Chr. 21,10. More exactly nish, three;
nishwe, adj. (inan.) the third, Rev. 6, 5;
2K. 19, 29; (an.) Dan. 5, 7; Rev. 4, 7;
and ady. thirdly, 2 Cor. 12, 28: nashwe
kodtumam, the third year, Deut. 26, 11;
nishwu, ‘adv. of order’’, thirdly, El.
Gr. 21; suppos. (an.) nash@it, when he
is third, he who is third, Rey. 16, 4, =
nashout, Rey. 14, 9, =nasheumut, Matt.
22, 26; nishwudt nompe, three times, at
the third time, Ex. 23, 14, 17; Ezek.
21, 14. Cf. nashaue, between.

nisohke, ady. all the while, so long as,
=ne sohke, 1 Sam. 25, 7: nisohke poman-
tog, ‘all the days of his life’ (so long
as he may live), 2 K. 25, 30; tohsahke
ohkewk, ‘while the world standeth’,
1 Cor. 8; 13.

See auskomuwaii.

[Cree séke, extremely, very greatly; |

moéosik, always, Howse. ]
nissim, I say. See ussindt.

n naj, let it be so. See nan.

AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| nnih—continued.

nnih, y. i. it is so, it is like or the same |

as (with an. subj. neanussu, q. v.): ne-
anussit wosketomp, nih um-menukesu-
onk, as isa man so is his strength, Judg.
8, 21; ménké nnih, it was so, Gen. 1, 7;
nnih, ‘it came to pass’, Gen. 6, 1; 38, 1;
Matt. 7, 28; ne yeuyeu nnih, that now is
(so), Ecel. 38, 15; uttoh woh yeush en
nnih, how can these things be (so)?
John 3, 9; suppos. nnag: nnih mahche
yeu nnag, ‘it came to pass after this’,
i. e. it was so after this was so, 2 Sam.
13, 1; pret. nniyeup, it was so, Eccl. 3,
15; pl. yeush nniyeupash, these things

were so, Is. 66, 2; ne mos nnih, it must

needs be so, Mark 13, 7. See neane,
wnne.

[Del. leu, ‘true’, Zeisb. Gr. 173; ‘it is
so’, Zeisb. Voc. 9. ]

(NoTe.—‘‘ nnih not separable from unni.’’]

nnih, (it) ‘was so’, Gen. 1,7; ‘it came to
pass’, Gen. 6, 1; 38, 1; Matt. 7, 28; ‘is’,
Eecl. 3, 15; =wnne, q. vy. Apparently
a verb substantive from nan or neane,
literally ‘it (was) so’, or ‘it (is) so’:
naowdog nennih, they said these things
were so, Acts 24, 9; uttoh woh yeush en
nmnih, how can these things be (so)?
John 38, 9; nnih mahche yeu nnag, ‘it
came to pass after this’ (it was so after
this was so), 2 Sam. 13, 1; ne mahche
dnagkup, ne yeuyeu nnih, that which
hath been is now, Eecl. 3, 15; ne pish
dnak mahche nniyeup, that which is to

‘be hath already been, ibid.; yeush
nniyeupash, these things have been, Is.
66, 2; nniyeup, ‘it came to pass’ (was
so), Neh. 4, 12; ne mos nnih, it must
needs be so, Mark 13, 7; woh nniyeuash,
(all things) ‘are possible’ (may be so),
Mark 10, 27 (nenih, that is, C. 181; ne
ennih or nemehkuh ne (conj.) so that, C.
234). See dunag.

[Narr. ei or nniu, is it so? R. W. 29;
nni, eiu, it is true, ibid. 63. ]

(This second definition of nnih appears in
the unrevised portion of the manuscript be-
tween the term nishk and P, and, although it
repeats tosome extent the references contained
in the first (revised) definition, it is here in-
serted in full. The first definition of nnih oc-

curs in the revised manuscript, where it follows
the term *nickémmo.]

*nnin (Narr.), man; pl. nninnuog, R. W.,
who also writes enin, man, and pl. nin-
nuock, a ‘‘general name belonging to
all natives’. Related to ne, neen (1),
nanwe, and unne (of the kind or spe-
cies), the radical meaning of nnin or
nninnu is, ‘he is like myself’, or ‘of
the same kind’. This word could
properly have no place in Eliot’s trans-
lation. It is, however, once or twice
introduced, as in Mark 10, 6: ninnuoh
(accusat.) kah squa, ‘male and female’,
i. e. man and woman. The Indians
restricted its application to men of their
own race or like themselves. (See
nanwe. )

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 87

*nnin—continued.

[Quir. ren, pl. renawawk. Abn. aren-
aiibé, homme; ned-aren-aiids?, je parle
Abnaqui. Chip. inini, Bar.; eninnee, J.
Cree ethinu, homo, an Indian. Shawn.
ee len ee, man; len Gh wai, an Indian.
Miem. I8i, homo. Del. /enno, man;
lendpé [= Abn. arenaiibé], a Delaware,
vir; lenni, a man, Zeisb. (see nanwe);
lin ni le na pe, ‘Indians of the same
nation’, Zeisb. 8. B. 70.]

no (?), ady. and demonstr. pron. (?) at
that (place), that; yeu uhqudeu, .. . nd
uhqudeu, on the end on this side, .
on the end on that side, Ex. 37, 8; 76
pajeh, until (that), Matt. 11,13; 18, 22;
=noh pajeh, Is. 5, 8 (v6 pajeh, until,
C. 234). See ndmsukomunneat, nohqueu.

*n6, ady. far off. (The idea of motion is
associated, going far off or to a distance;
noadt, at afar off, at a distance, is used
when distance in time or place is ex-
pressed absolutely. )

*n6, for noh, nahoh, or nagoh (?), Luke 23,
28; n6 aush, go (to him), Matt. 18, 15.

noadt, noddtit, nmadt, adv. afar off,
Ex. 2, 4; 24, 1; in old time, Josh. 24, 2;
Neh. 12, 46; Ezra 4, 15; Mic. 7, 14:
nom@tahtah, remove it far from me, Prov.
30, 8 (nauwwut, noadt, far, C.; noadtit, a
great way off, ibid.). See nahqueu.
[Narr. natiwot, agreat way; ndwwatick,
far off at sea, R.W.76. Del. lawat, long
ago, Zeisb. ]
noadtuck, adv. a long time (El. Gr. 21).
noahtuk, nodéhtuk [néeu-tuk], the mid-
dle of the river; Josh. 12, 2; 13, 9, 16.
nodappit, ndahpit, the Highest, the
Most High, Ps. 18, 13; 46, 4; (he who
is) afar off, Prov. 27, 10; suppos. vocat.
pl. néappeogish, ye that are [dwell]
afar off, Is. 33, 13.

noe. See ndeu.

noetipukok, nouttipukok, n. mid-
night, 1 K. 3, 20; Ex. 11, 4; pajeh
néeutipukkok, till midnight, Judg. 16, 3;
noetipukodaeu, at midnight, Judg. 16, 3
[néeu-poh-kenae-kod, the middle of the
dark hours or time].

[Narr. nanashowatippocat, R. W. 67.
Del. la wit pi kat, Zeisb. Voc. 44. Abn.
nanmitebi kat, Rasles. ]

noeu, noe, adj. in the middle, the midst,
Ex. 15, 8; Judg. 16, 29: en néeu, in the

1

noeu, née—continued.

midst, Proy. 23, 34; Matt. 10, 16, = ut

noeu, Ps. 78, 28; néeukommuk, ‘in the

midst of the hall’ (i.e. inclosed place),

Luke 22, 55; wushou néeu Samaria kah

Galile, went through the midst of Sa-

maria and Galilee, Luke 17, 11; wutch

noeu asinnekéusséhtu, from the midst of
the bush, Ex. 3, 2; wt néew adtanohke-
teamuk, in the midst of the garden,

Gen. 2,9. See nashaue.

[Abn. naiisisi, le milieu, au milieu.
Del. lelawi, half way (?), Zeisb. Gr. 176;
the middle, half, Zeishb. Voe. 20. Chip.
nawagam, ‘in the middle of a lake,
bay, of a river, ete.’; nawaii, center, in
the center, middle, in the middle;
nawaiiwan, it is the middle, the center;
nawakwa, ‘in the midst of a forest’;
nawakwe (from naokwe), ‘it is mid-day
or noon’; ndwabik, ‘in the midst of an
object of metal’; naw, ndwa, ndwi, “in

composition, signifies in the middle, in

the midst of’’, Bar. ]
nogkishkauonat. See nogkushkauénat.

{nogkohkdeihhuunat, y. t. to lend:]
namohkaeihhuunat ‘pish kenogkoh kou-
weh, thou shalt lend to, Deut. 15, 6
(-ogguhkoue, Deut. 28, 12); noh nogoh-
kouheoncheh, that which is lent to, 1
Sam. 2,20. Vbl.n. nogohkodnit, -kouhu-
adt (after noh), he who lends, a lender,
Is. 24, 2; Prov. 22,7. See namohkaeik-
heait.

[nogkohkouunéat, y. t. to borrow:] nog-
ohkou, he borroweth, Ps. 37, 21; matta
pish kenogkohkéamh, thou shalt not bor-
row, Deut. 15, 6; nogkohkauunah, it was
borrowed, 2 K. 6, 5; nogkohkouaen-in,
a borrower, Is. 24, 2, =nogkuhkau-
waen-in, Proy. 22, 7. See namohkaii.

nogkus. See mendgkus, the belly.

nogkushkauodnat, nogkusk-, nog-
kishk-, vy. t. an. to meet (anyone),

Jer. 51, 31; Matt. 25, 1; kenogskunk-

qunat, to meet thee, 2 K. 5, 26; wun-

nogskauénat, tomeet him, 2 K. 5, 21; 2

Sam. 19, 24; wunnogskauoh, he met him,

1 K. 18, 7 (wunne nogkishkéadtuonk,

‘well met’ (as a salutation), C. 225).

(Narr. nokuskduatees, meet (thou)
him; nockuskauatitea, let us meet; neen-
meshnockuskaw, I did meet. ‘‘They
are joyful in meeting of any in travel,

88 BUREAU OF

¢

nogkushkau6nat, etv.—continued.
and will strike fire either with stones
or sticks, to take tobacco, and discourse

a little together.’”—R. W. 75. Cree
nugge-skowdyoo, he meets him. Chip.

nahgeshkoodahdewug, they meet one an-
other, Howse 85.T

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

nogque, (prep.) toward, Cant. 7, 4; yeu |

nogque, hither, 2 K. 2, 8 (see yédi); en
nogque, toward (the east, Zech. 14, 4).
nok, behold
ye; muskesuk nogqueon, ‘when the eye
saw me’, Job 29, 11;
the eye which saw him, 20, 9; noh ndg-

From nauondt, to see (?):

neh nogqut,

queh, who seeth me [whom I am in the
presence of], Gen. 16, 13;
quean, When he seeth thee, Ex. 4, 14;
nogqueon, When it sees me, Job
29, 11; howan kenogkumun, who seeth

nog-

us, Is. 29, 15; matta kenédgkoun, he sees |

us not, Ezek. 8, 12 (

WUNNAUMNDUA,

9,9); matta nogko, it does not behold |

him, Job 20, 9.
of”? It can hardly be the contracted
form of ne ogque. See ne nogque; nuh-
quainat,
[Del. loquel, see thou; pl. loqueek, see
ye, Zeisb. Gr. 174.]
nogquenumunat, y. t. to yield or de-
liver up (inan. obj.): ahque nogquenu-
mak, do not ye yield up (inan. obj. ),
Rom. 6, 13. :
nogqueonat, y. t. an.: nogquegk, yield
yourselves up (to him), Rom. 6, 13.
*nogquissinneat, v. i. to appear, C.
180: nunnogquis, I appear; + stimun,
we appear, ibid.; ne ogguhse nogquok,
which appeareth for a little time, James
4, 14.
quok.
nogqussuonk, n. appearance or looks,
C.180; woskeche nogqiissuonk, apretence,
ibid.
[Cree nok-oosu, he is visible; ndk-wun,
it is visible, Howse 114. ]
noh, nagum, pers. pron. 3d sing. he, she,
him, her (El. Gr. 7); noh is also, and
perhaps in strictness always, a demon-
strative pronoun: this (man), he who
(El. Gr. 7). See *nahog. In Luke 3,
23-38, it is used for the Greek tov ( with
viov understood ), ‘the son of’; nen nnoh
(nen ne-noh or nan-noh), Tam he (that
orthesame he), Is. 41, 4; wt noh, in him,

See anogkenat; andhque; dnuk-

Hence, ‘‘to the sight |

|

[BULLETIN 25

noh, nagum—continued.
C. 178; nashpe ndgum, with him; ut
ndguin, to him, ibid. 178, 231.

*nohhamumunét, y. t. to sail to (to go
by water?) = nohhamundt: en nohhamun,
to sail to, Acts 20, 16; nuttinhamumun,
-homumun, we sailed to, Acts 27, 4, 7;
nahhamwog, they sailed to, Acts 13, 4;
kod nuhhug, he was about to sail to,
Acts 20, 3; mdnunnohhomog, when we
sailed slowly.

(Del. nahimen, to go down the water
(river, creek); nahihilleen, to sail down
the water; nallahhemen, to sail up (the
water, river), Zeisb. Gr. 242.]

nohkog [=nukonde], by night, in the
night, Job 5, 14: ne nohkog, in that
night, Dan. 5,30. See néetipukok; nuk-
kondeu; nukon.

nohkonoénat. See nwkondnat.

nohk6éu, n. the right hand (noh kéunuk,
that which carries (?); from kenumunu-
nat). See wuttinnohkéu; allied to menuh-
keu, strong.

nohnogkide meenan, a stammering
tongue, Is. 32,4; nahnagkide, stammer-
ing(ly), Is. 33,19. See ménan.

nohnompit, ady. oftentimes, Job. 33,
From nompe.

nohnushagk, farewell.

(Nore.—Definition not completed.]

nohshamwehteunk (suppos.), when it
is ‘compacted’ (united firmly?), Eph.
4, 16.

*nohtimwinneat, to sob orsigh: nunnoh-
tumup, I sob or sigh, C. 209.

29.

See nei-
antam.

nohtinaii. See nahtinaii.

néhtoe, skilful, skilled, 2 Chr. 2, 7; neh-
tée, Vv. 8; nohtoe, nihtoe, v. 7; nehtuhto (?)
yv. 14; nunn-, skilfully, 1 K. 5, 6.

nohtomp, in comp. words, one who leads
or directs: nohtompeantog (q. v.), one
who leads in prayer, a minister; noh-
tompuhpequodt (q.v.), one who leads in
music, a chief musician.

*nohtompeantog, n. ministers, C. 213;
but sing. a minister, Rawson, Nash.
Men.., title-page; ‘a bishop’, 1 Tim. 3, 2.

nohtompuhpequodt, n. a chief musi-
cian, a player on instruments of music
(title to Ps. 75 and 77); pl. nohtompuhpe-
quodcheg, Ps. 87, 7, =nohtéepequasheg,
Gen. 4, 21.

TRUMBULL]

nohtonukqus, n. a brother (?): nunnoh-
tonugqus, my brother, Gen. 20, 13; wu-
nohtonugqusoh, her brother, Gen. 24, 53,
55; noh wunnohténukqusoh (constr. ),
whose brother, Acts 11, 2; nohténukqus,
my brother, y. 21; kenohténukqus, thy
brother, vy. 28. [Employed only by
females or to express the relation of a
brother to a sister. See weetuksquoh.
In the translation of John’s gospel
printed with the Massachusetts Psalter
(1709), wetahtu is substituted for wun-
nohténukqussoh of Eliot.] Cf. weemat;
weetomp.

nohtonumunat, y. t. to handle(?), to
carry in the hand(?), to use habitually,
to be skilled in the use of: nehténumwog
togkodtegash, they handle swords, Ezek.
38, 4; noh nohtonuk, sickle, he who
handleth the sickle, Jer. 50, 16; neg
nohtonukeg, they who handle (shield,
spear, etc.), 1 Chr. 12, 8; 2 Chr. 25, 5.
See nohtoe.

nompaas, adj. male, Num. 3, 15; 5, 3;
31, 17; Matt. 19, 4; pl. nompaésog, Ex.
13, 15; nomposhim, a male animal,
Deut. 7, 14; pl. -wussog, Ex. 13, 12.

[Narr. enewdshin, R. W. 96.]

nompakou, nump-, n. a jewel, a pre-
cious thing, Proy. 11, 22; Ezek. 16, 12;
a ‘treasure’, Matt. 13, 44; pl. + unash,
Prov. 10, 2; Gen. 24, 53.

nompatauunat, y. t. to put in the place
of, to substitute (one thing for another),
1 Sam. 21, 6.

nompe, ady. again, Gen. 26, 18; instead
of, Gen. 4, 25; Judg. 15, 2; Num. 8, 16
(=wutch nompe, v. 18); repeatedly, ex-
pressing with a numeral the number
of repetitions or ‘times’: nishwudt
nompe, ‘three times’ (to the third
time), Num. 22, 28, 32; nesausuk tah-
shit nompe, seven times, Ley. 8, 11; 14, 7;
moachekut nompe, oftentimes, Luke 8,
29; freq. nonompu, nohnompit (q. v.);
noh nompeyit ne teag, ‘he who repeateth
a matter’, Proy. 17, 9; sun nen nunnom-
pin God, ‘Am I in God’s stead?’ Gen.
30, 2. See nampawham.

(Del. lappi, again, Zeisb. Gr. 171;
‘once more’, ibid. 175. Abn. naiibi,
réciproquement. ]

nompennumunéat, y. t. to restore, to
render back: nompennush, restore thou
(it), Judg. 11, 13.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 89

nompoaeu, nompoae, ady. early in the
morning, Neh. 4, 21; Hos. 13, 3; Prov.
27, 14; Ps. 127, 2; early on the mor-
row, Ex. 32, 6.

nomposhim, adj. male, Deut. 15, 19; pl.
-wog, Gen. 32,14: pish nompaiyeuw kah
squaiyeuo, ‘they shall be male and fe-
male’, Gen.6,19. Cf. *nnin; squdshim.

[Cree naipdyoo, man, vir; ndpdywoo,

he is (a) man, Howse 17 (rather, he is
male). ]

nompuhkeik, ady. on the morrow, 1 K.
3, 21; Esth. 2; 14: =na nompuk, Acts
10, 9; =na nompunk, Acts 20, 15.

nomsh6~., vy. i. to drift, or be driven be-
fore the wind(?) : nomshdog, they ‘were
driven’, Acts 27, 17; nunnomshémun,
“we let her drive’, vy. 15. [From noh-
ham, he sails, with sh’ of violent mo-
tion. ]

nomunkquag, nomungquag, n.a heap,
Gen. 31, 46, 51, 52; Ruth. 3, 7; num-
wonkquau, Deut. 13, 16; Josh. 7
munkquae, heaped, Cant. 7
wonkquaeu nano nunkquash, ‘heaps upon
heaps’, Judg. 15, 16. From numuirde,
full of. See numwonkquttawundt.

nomwausseonk: uwusseup mnomwausse-
onk Jehovah, ‘he executed the justice
of the Lord’, Deut. 33, 22.

nonche: noh nonche pabuhtanumadt,
‘thou art come to trust’ (condit.), Ruth
2, 12; nonche wunassomedg, ‘if ye be
come to betray me’, 1 Chr. 12,17. See
*nont.

nonkane. See nunkane.

nonompu, adj. instead of, Is. 55, 13.

*nonsiyeu, all alone, C. 232. See nussu.

*nont, used by Cotton sometimes for the
verb to be, often, apparently, as an ex-
pletive (see nont below): nen nont, I be;
ken nont, thou art; nohne, he is; nenih,
that is, C. 181; kenawun yeu, we are;
kenauna, ye are; ndg na, they are, ibid.;
nagum nont, he was; nenawun nee, we
were; kenau ne, ye were; nig ne, they
were, ibid.; napeh nont ne tinnioog, O
that we were (such), ibid.; nont kuppe-
yomp, thou didst come, p. 185; nont
wame nunnuppimun, we must all die,
p. 188; nont noowonteap, I did dig, ibid.;
mukkitchogqitissog nont puhptiog, boys
will play, p. 204; nont paswee nuppman,
thou must shortly die, p. 237; nont
woh sampoau, he must confess (his

26; num-

> nanom-

90 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

*nont—continued.
sins), p. 252; newag kisnont kussampoo-
antamunanonate, ‘we must therefore
acknowledge’, C. Math. Notit. Ind. 55;
so, in title to Ind. Laws, nish nashpe
nananuacheeg kusnunt sasamatahamwog,
‘by which the magistrates are to [i. e.
must ] punish > etc.; nont woh sampoau-,

he must confess, C. 252.

nont, only: webe nont God,(whocan. . .)

but God only? Mark 2, 7; pasuk nont |

God, ‘there is but one God’, Ind.
Primer, 19, 31; pish nagum nont
kowaussum, him only shalt thou serve,
Matt. 4, 10.

(Narr. pavisuck nant manit, there is
only one God, R. W. 114.]

nontaua-hettit. See *alduntowash; wut-
tontauunat, to climb.

nontsipambéhettit [= nonche-sippam +].
See missippano.

*nontweantamunat, to wish: nunnont-
wedntam, I wish, C. 216. See kodtan-
tam, he desires.

*nodhkeyeite, ady. softly, C. 230.

*noohkie. See nwhki.

noohteauunat, y. i. to be far off; inan.
subj. nédéhteau, it is far from us, Is. 59,
11.

nodohtuk. See néahtuk.

*noonaptiock [=nmnappuog] (Narr.),
‘they have not room one by another’,
R. W. 65.

*nodnatch (Narr.),adeer: ‘‘nodnatch, or
attuck ntiyu, 1 hunt venison’, R. W.
148; noughitch, nogh-ich, deer, Stiles
(Peq.); [a doe with a fawn(?), “when
it gives suck.”’?] See ahtuk.

*noosuppatog (Narr.), beavers, R. W.
See tummitink. Cf. *atisup, raccoon.

ndmsukomunneat, nam-, nauus-, y.i.
to be at a distance, to be far from,
Lam. 3, 17: kenamsukom, thou art far
from (it), Is. 54, 14; matta kenémsuka-
mo, thou art not far from (it), Mark
12, 34; namsukonqueog, (it) is far from
us, Is. 59, 9; néwsukongqush, be it far
from thee, Matt. 16, 2; némsukdék, ‘get
ye far from (him)’, Ezek. 11, 15; ayeu-
onk wussaume naasukoman (and naa-
sukongquean), ‘if the place be too far
from thee’, Deut. 12, 21; 14, 24. See
nohqueu (antickquaque, R. W.).

no@sukomunneat, etc.—continued.
[Del. na schachki, ady. (?) so far,
Zeisb. Gr. 174.]
nopadtinayeu(?), ady. southwestward,
Acts 27, 12 [tannushin en népadtinayeu,
and wutcheksuau, ‘it lieth to the south-
west and northwest’’, A. V.; ‘‘looking
northeast and southwest’’, Rey. Ver.;
| (“looking down the southwest and
down the northwestward’’, Greek);
“toward the southwest and by west
and northwest and by west’’, L. Tom-
| son, 1596.]; nopatunniew, eastward (or
| northeastward) (?), Mar. Vin. Rec. 1685.
[Narr. nopdtin, the east wind, R. W.
83. ]
nosweetaudnat, nmswet-, nosweht-,
} y. adj. an. to serve, Deut. 10, 12; to
| obey, Prov. 30, 17; 2 Cor. 10, 5; nos-
wehtamundt, with inan. obj. to obey the
words of, commands of, etc., 1 Sam. 8,
19; naswetavonadut, to serve them,
Deut. 4,19; nosweetash, obey thou, Gen.
27, 8; nwswétah nen, yield yourself to
me, C. 216; naswetamak, obey ye, Deut.
13, 4; noswehtdk, obey ye (them, an.),
Eph. 6, 1; nooswetamiinate, to obey; ken
| noswetah, obey thou me; nmswehtaw
manit, obey God, C. 202.
noswehtamoonk, n@swetamoonk, n.
obedience, 1 Sam. 15, 22; mat nasweh-
taméonk, disobedience, 2 Cor. 10, 6 (nws-
wetamaonk, C. 202).
noswehtaudnat. See nosweetaudnat.
| *nottomag, mink. See Judd’s Hadley,
) 355. Cf. Del. gunnamochk, Zeisb.
| (=quinndmaug), otter (see his nkeke).
| nouttipukok. See ndetipukok.
| *nowwéta (Narr.), no matter, R. W. 54.
noadt. See néadt.
noche, for na mech, ady. thenceforth,
therefrom, from that time. Often used
interchangeably with kache, kutche; but
while both are inceptives, na@che seems
to appropriately mark the time and
kutche the occasion of beginning of
action, as wutche does the cause of
action. [Nore.—On further examina-
tion I do not find this distinction
well founded. See wch.] yeu kesukok
nache kummishsesh, ‘this day will I
begin to magnify thee’, Josh. 3, 7;
noche wekitteau, he began to build;
neg nagig noche wuttoontohkonéuh, they

TRUMBULL]

noche—continued.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

began to mock him, Luke 14, 30, 29; |

yeu noche ussenadut, this they began
to do. [imatta noche peyoh, ‘Tam not
come’, Matt. 9, 13; nachi Jehovah, ‘1

am the Lord’s’ (i. e. I proceed from |

the Lord), Is. 44, 5, in which places
noche is perhaps used for nen wch.]
See tahnoche, causelessly, ‘in vain’, and
kutche.

(Del. nutschi, at the beginning, Zeisb.
(Enns 1/7

*nochum, I blame; from wutchumonate,
to blame, C. 182.

nochumwesuonk, n. tenderness, weak-
ness, Deut. 28, 56.

nochumwetanmwaonk, nmchum-
wehtahwhuttuonk, n. a wound; pl.
-ongash, Prov. 26, 22; 27, 6.

nochumwi, adj. weak (El. Gr. 13), Num.
13, 19; primarily, weak, because in its
beginning (from noche): nachumwe
wumnepog, moskehtue, the tender
herb, Deut. 32, 2; Job 28, 27; pl. nw-
chumwiyeuash; an. nachumawesu, (he is)
weak (El. Gr. 13), tender, Gen. 33, 13;
1 Chr. 22,5; noh naochumwesit, he that
is tender, Deut. 28, 54, 56; he that is
lame, Proy. 26,7; pl. Matt. 11, 5 (no-
chimwe, maimed, C. 172; nachtimwi,
tender, ibid. 175; nwchimme, weak, ibid.
176).

([nowdsquadnat, y. act. an. to seduce, to
commit fornication with:] nodsquad-
nont, ‘seducing’, Ex. 22, 16.
wunnodsquaait.

See nan-

*nohchumwesité, ay. weakly, C. 230.
no@hki, nokiyeue, adj. soft, Proy. 25,
15; Job 41, 3; pl. inan. nokkiyeuash,

| nohqueu, nwhque [76 uhquien.

Ps. 55, 21; an. nwhkésu, tender (soft, |
as a young animal), Gen. 18, 7 (nooh- |

keshakanash, soft wool, C. 175; noohkie
monag, limber cloth, ibid. 172).
nohkik [that which is softened or made
soft]: ‘‘ Nocake, as they call it, which
is nothing but Indian corn parched in
the hot ashes; the ashes being sifted
from it, it is afterwards beat to pow-
der.”’—Wood. It is used by Eliot for
‘meal’ (1 Chr. 12, 40), ‘flour’ (Ley.
2,4, 5, 7; 24, 5), and ‘ground corn’
(2 Sam. 17, 19). nokhikanehteush,

91

nohkik—continued.

‘grind thou meal’, Is. 47, 2.]
nanahkineg; nunnohkinnum.

[MARGINAL NoTeE.—‘ From a word which
means ‘to sift’, sifted. Cf. sieve. From
nokeu?**]

[Narr. ‘‘ndékehick, parched meal, .. .
which they eat with a little water, hot
or cold’”’, R. W. 33; pishquehick, un-
parched meal, p. 36. Del. Jo-cat, flour,
meal, Zeisb. Voc. 9 (cf. lo ka hel la, to

let it drop, p. 44).]

See

See
n6; némsukomunneat]: unnohqueu, so
far as, at such a distance, Acts, 28, 15;
na nohque, so far distant, Ps. 103, 12;
wussaume noéohk, if it be too far dis-
tant, ‘if the way be too long for thee’,
Deut. 14, 24 (uttoh unnuhktihquat, how
far? C. 228). Cf. anwhque; nuhquainat;
wehque.

[Narr. tow nickquaque, how far? R. W.
72 (how much, 137); tou aniiekquaque,
how big?; yd antickquaque, so far, ibid. ]

| nokeontamunat, y. t. to descend to or

upon: nokéontam, (he) came down
(upon the mount), Ex. 19, 20; wunna-
keontamun, he descended on (it), Ex.
19, 18; nwkontauéog, they descended
(upon it, i. e. a ladder), Gen. 28, 12.

nokinat, y. i. to descend, to go down:
nakeu, he descended, Ex. 34, 5; (from
heaven) Matt. 28, 2; she went down,
Gen. 24, 16; nwkop, he descended
(pret.), Eph. 4, 9; nwnokeog, they shall
descend, John 1,51; nach nakem kesuk-
qut, ‘I came down from heaven’, John
6, 38; noh nwkit, he who descends, or
descended, Ps. 133, 3; Eph. 4, 10; nw-
kémo, -mon, (pass. ) it was let down, Acts
10, 11; 11, 5; Rev. 21, 10; nekitch, let
him descend or come down, Mark 15,
32; nokinuk wunnutchegash, when he
let down his hands, Ex.17,11. From
nokinum.

[Del. nahik, nahiwi, down, below;
(whence) nahoochwen, to go down or
below, Zeisb. Gr. 180.]

nokinumunat, y. t. to pull down, Jer.
18, 7; to lower (inan. obj.) with the
hand, to pull down; nmkinum, she let
it down, Gen. 24, 18; pish nakinnum-
wog, they shall take (it) down, Num.

Qn 7
ie

4,5; nokinnumak, ‘raze it’, Ps. 137,

92 BUREAU OF

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

nokohteauunat, to soften or make soft: |

nokohteau, he softens (it), Job 23, 16.
See nahki.

nokompan6nat, y. t. an. to let or lower
(one) down, as by a cord, ete.: wun-
nokompanuh, she let them down (by a
cord), Josh. 2,15; [nun]nwkompanit, I
was let down (from the wall), 2 Cor.
Toes

nokononat, nohk-, y. t. an. to cast
down, to throw down (an. obj.): wut-
tinnohkonuh ohkeit, he cast him down
to the ground, Dan. 8, 7; wunnaokuh-
konuh, he east them down (from the
rock), 2 Chr. 25, 12. Cf. penohkénau.
See unnohteamundt.

nokshinat, v. i. to cast one’s self down:
nokshau, she fell down, John 11, 382.

nokuhkonauonat, y. t. an. to cast or
throw down from a high place: wun-
nokuhkonduh, they threw her down,
Ya ANS Be wuttinuhkonduh, they cast
him (into the sea), Jonah 1, 15; wun-
nokuhkonuh, he cast them down, 2
Chr. 25,12. Cf. penohkénau.

nonamontukquohwhénat, y. t. an. to
owe to, to be indebted to: pasuk na-
namontukquohwhau, one owed (him so
much), Luke 7, 41.
whonat.

nonau, nono, cheek.
(m’ nanan).

99.

OOF

See unnontukquoh-
See manamnau,

none: none quthummonk, scant measure,
Mie. 6, 10.

nononat, y. act. an. to give suck, to
suckle, 1 K. 3, 21: wunanuh, she gave
him suck, 1 Sam. 1, 23; nwndog, they
give suck, Lam. 4, 3.

[Cree ndonu, he sucks, Howse 81. ]

nonontamunat, y. t. to suck, to obtain
by sucking, to imbibe (naninneat, C.
211): pish kenmnontam wohpanaguna,
thou shalt suck the breasts, Is. 66, 16
(in this place Eliot has given to this
verb the meaning elsewhere appropri-

ated to nanundt, and vice versa; see

example under nanundt); nonantam,
he shall suck up, Job 20, 16; nanontam-

woh, they shall suck up, Job 39, 30:

(mukkoies nonéntam, a child sucks, C.

211). Cf. munnontam, he smells. See

nonundt, and *meninnunk, milk.
nonom. See nmnau.

|

[BULLETIN 25

nononde, nmnounde, adj. flaming,
Is. 29, 6; Ezek. 20, 47; Nah. 2, 3: nw-
nade nolan, flaming fire, ‘fiery flame’,
Dan. 7, 9.

nonouneau, n. flame, Judg. 13, 20; Job
115),
138

nonuk, n. a suckling, one who sucks or
is suckled, Deut. 32, 25; Jer. 44, 7;

Lam. 4,4. See nmnontamunit; nonundt.

30; nonaondut, in the flame, Judg.
20.

nonukde, adj. sucking: nwnukde muk-
kies, a sucking child, Num. 11, 12.
nonunat.

See

[Narr. nunnese, a baby, Stiles; ndonsu
nondnnis, a sucking child; munninnig,
milk; wunnunndgan-ash, breasts, R. W.
126. Peg. niizaus, ‘sucklings of men
and beast’, Stiles. Del.
(pl.), suckling babes, Zeisb. Voe. 25.]

no ne tschik

nonumunat, y. i. to be unable: nana-
num, I ean not, Luke 11, 7; 16, 3; nw-
num, he was not able, he could not,
Num. 14, 16, =nonunum, Deut. 9, 28;
nonanumumun, we are not able, Ezra
10, 13; wunnonuh, they (inan.) could
not, Ezek. 31, 8; tmheaw dmaohkau-
énat, he could not drive (them) out,
Judg. 1, 19 (nwnat, ‘to be wanting, or
defective’, C. 214).
[Narr. nondnum, nodnshem, I can not,

R. W. 30. Del. nol hand, lazy, Zeisb.]

nonunat, y. t. to suck: (nunna@nundt, I
to suck, Job 3, 12, with prefix of Ist
pers.;) nunnon, I suck, C. 211; pish
keno, thou shalt suck (the milk), Is.
60, 16; pish nanwog, they shall suck,
Deut. 33, 19; neg nonontogig, they who
suck (the breasts), Joel 2,
nutche, a sucking child, Is. 49, 15,= no-
ndnese, R. W. 45).

n@6nat, nowonat, vy. i. to say (with
reference to the thing said), Luke 14, 7.
It is used by Eliot as synonymous with
the irregular verb ussindt, to say, but
the latter appears to have been ‘used
when attention was to be called to the
speaker or the person spoken to, Cf.
anna, he says to; kenanaii, he speaks
with authority; kutto, he speaks, utters
speech; ketokau, he goes on speaking;
kehketokau, he goes on talking; witind-
nat, to say to; nowau . . . Jehovah toh

16 (noanu-

See nanontamundt.

TRUMBULL]

nosnat, nowonat—continued.
dnukque, ne nussin, he said . . .

‘What

the Lord saith [may say] to me, that |

29

will I speak’, 1 K. 22, 14 (cf. Num. 24,
13); nowau, he said, Gen. 27, 35; 1 K.
8, 15; nawop, he said, 1 K.8,12; 2 Sam.
15, 28 (anauwop, he said to, 2Sam. 13, 35;
unnau, he said to, or saith to, ibid.);
nowaog, they say or said, Is. 41, 7;
nowash, say thou, Proy. 20, 22; Luke
7, 7; nowagk, say ye, Lev. 11, 2 (unndk,
speak yeto, ibid. ); ahque kutche nowagk,
do not begin to say, Luke 3, 8; nwadt, if
he say, Gen. 24, 14; naowaan, if thou
sayest, Proy. 24, 12 (wnnmwénat, to say,
C. 207).

[Quir. ruwan, to speak, Pier. 52. Del.
lu-e-u, he says, Zeisb. Voc. 9, 20; lu-eep,
he said (pret. ); /u-e, say on, tell.]

nosh, my father. See wshe.

n@squodtamundat, n@squat, y. t. to
lick: pish nwsquottamwog, they shall lick
(thy blood), 1 K. 21, 19; nwsquodtog,
when he licks (grass), Num. 22, 4;
nodsquamdog wame, they lick up all,
Num. 22, 4; freq. nanmsquodtamundt,
-quatamundt, to lick often or habitually;
pish nonwmsquadtamwog (-squatamwog)

puppissai, they shall lick the dust, Mic. |

7, 17; Ps. 72,-9; Is. 49, 23; (natau)
nanosquodtam nippe, the fire licked up
the water, 1 K. 18, 38. See mosg.

n@sukauénat [=asukaudnat (?); ef.
asuhkaiiaii], v. t. an. to follow, to pursue:
wunnosukauoh, he followed them, Luke
22, 54; nwsukauont, pursuing, Judg. 4,
22; sun woh nunnosukdu, shall I pursue

(them)? 1 Sam. 30, 8; nwsukau, pursue
thou (them), ibid.

nosuttahhmwaonat. See naswultah-
whauédnat.

nosuttahwhauodnat. See nmswuttah- |
whauénat.

*nmswenat, v. i. to yield; nunnosweem,
I yield, C. 216.

n@sweonk, n. yielding, submission,
Eccl. 10, 4.
*nmswetammonk. See noswehtamdonk,

obedience.
noswetauonat, vy. t. an. to yield to, to
serve. See nosweetaudnat.
n@swuttahhouwaen-in, n. a pursuer,
Lam. 1, 6.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

noswuttahwhauoénat,

93

no@suttah-,
nosuttahhmwad6énat, etc., y. t. an. to
follow after, to pursue: nsuttahwhan,
he pursued after (him), 2 Sam. 2, 19;
nosultahhawaog, they pursued, Judg.
8, 4; nunnwsuhtahwhéog, 1 will pursue
them, Ex. 15, 9; neg naoswuttahukqued-
gig, they which pursue (are pursuing)

you, Is. 30, 16: kenoswuttahikqunat,
(he) to pursue thee, 1 Sam. 25,29. Cf.
omskauoénat.
not. See manml, a basket.
notamogquaen, nowtamogquomaen,
n. a fisher, one who fishes, pl. + wog,
Is. 19, 8; Ezek. 47, 10; Luke 5, 2: nw-

tamagwaeniog, Jer. 16, 16 (cf. omae-
nuog, Ezek. 47, 10); ponashabpaenuog,
fishers (with nets), Matt. 4, 18; natteh-
quinnuaénin, pl. +-nuog, C. 159. See
*aumati.

notamogqudeu, adj. of or belonging to
a fisherman: —— hogkmwonk, ‘fisher’s
coat’, John 21, 7.

notamogquam, ‘I go a fishing’, John
21, 3: nag pish wunnatamdgquonéuh,
they shall fish them [take them by
fishing], Jer. 16, 16.

notamogquaonk, n. a draught of fish,
Luke 5, 9.

notamogquomaen. See nmtamogquaen.

notamoonk, n. hearing, 2 K. 4, 31;
tiatche notamtionk, a quick hearing,
C. 163.

notamunat, y. t. to hear, Ezek. 12,
2: mehtauogwash notamamout, ears to
hear with, Deut. 29, 4; nunna&tam, I
hear, 1 Sam. 2, 23 (C. 194); nwtam, he
hears or heard, vy. 22; natamunap, he
heard, Ps. 78, 21; natamwog, they hear
or heard, Matt. 11, 5; imperat. natash,
hear thou, Deut. 33, 7 (nwtah, hear thou
me, 1 K. 18, 37; ken natah, C. 194);
natamok, hear ye, Is. 42, 18; Deut.
6, 4; natiegk, hear ye me, 2 Chr.
29, 5; hearken ye, 2 Chr. 18,
(kenwtamiimuam, ye hear, C. 194; nw-
toadtinneat, to be heard, ibid. ); with an.
obj. na@ténat, to hear a person (see ex-
amples in imperative above); kenatah,
thou hearest me, Ps. 17, 6; mehtauog
notut (subj.), when the ear heard or
hears me, Job 29, 11.

27

94 BUREAU
notau, nomteau, n.
Proy. 30, 16; Gen.

suog.

(Quir. rent’ and yout, Pier. 22. Narr.
mittapsh yoteg, sit by the fire, R. W. 30;
note, yote, chickot, sqitta, tire; notdwese
and chickautdwese, a little fire, ibid. 47,
48. Peq. yewt, Stiles. Abn. sk8tdi,
skstar, feu, Rasles. Del. luteii, it burns;
an. n’lussi, I burn, Zeisb. Gr. 162, Voe.
20.]

notimis, n. an oak tree, 2 Sam. 18, 9;
Ts. 44, 14.

[Narr. paugdutemisk, R. W. 89.]
notinat, vy. i. to lift or take up a burden.
notin6nat, vy. t. an. to lift as a burden;

an. obj. notinép nippekontu, I drew him
out of the water, Ex. 2, 10.

[Narr. nidutdsh, ‘take it on your
back’, R.W. 51. [Cree ne ndtéw, I
fetch him, Howse 52.]

fire, Ps. 105, 39;
22,6. See chikkind-

as,

nmwantam@e. Seeneviantam, he grieves.

nmwaonk, n. a saying (that which is
said, Deut. 1, 23; 1 Sam. 18, 8): nuttin-
nowaonk, my saying, Gen. 4, 23; nuttin-
nowaonganash, ‘my commandments’,
Ex. 16, 28.

nowesuonk, my name, Is. 42, 8.
wésuonk.

nowonat. See nmdnat.

*nquittaqinnegat (Narr.), one day.
See nequt; -quinne.

nuhhog, nuhog, my body, Matt. 26, 36;
myself. See muhhog (m’hog).

nuhhogkat, unto me, Is. 6, 6; Cant. 7,

10.

See |

OF AMERICAN

nuhkuhkauonat, v. t. an. obj. to come |
upon, to overwhelm, Ex. 14, 26; pish |

nuhkuhkauaw sontimoh, ‘he shall come
upon princes’, Is. 41, 25.

nuhkuhkomunéat, v. t. to cover over, to
envelop, to overwhelm: nuhkuhkoin, it
covered, Ex. 14, 28; 40, 34; wunniih-
kukkomun, it covered it, Ex. 24, 15, 16.
From naokinat.

nuhog.

nuhquainat, unuhquainat, v. i. to look,
todirect the eye, without reference to an
object (cf. nadtauwémpu, he looks for a
purpose, he looks in order to see some-
thing which is or is not within sight):
nuttinuhquain nogque, l look toward (it),
Jonah 2, 4 (ef. nogque); nuhquaéog, they

See nuhhog.

nukkies, yes.
nukkodtumunat, vy. t. to leave behind,

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

nuhquainat, etc.—continued.

looked or faced (to the north, ete. ), 1 K.
7, 25; toh wutch nuhquaédg kesukquieu,
why do you look toward heayen? Acts
1,11. V.t. noh négqueh, he who sees me,
Gen. 16, 13; wnuhqudeu, ahadsukqueu,
‘he looked this way and that way’,
Ex. 2,12. The compounds are numer-
ous, as ompamuhquaendt, to look Jack
or behind; sohha@quainat (sonkahgq-), to
look out from, to look forth; ushpuh-
qudinat (asp-, ishp-, sp-), to look up-
ward, ete. From (nauwmunat) nau, to
see; -uhqude, to that side, in that direc-
tion (?). See dé, néadt; *pdanikqud;
wompu. (Cf. kuhkinassinneat, to take a
view, C. 214.)

nukkeemo, it was shaken, Ps. 18, 7; pl.

inan. +-ash, they were shaken, ibid.
See nunnukkunumundt.
See nux.

to abandon, to forsake (inan. obj.),
Proy. 13, 14; 16, 17; Dan. 9, 5; ne teag
nogkodtimuk, a thing left, C. 172. With
an. obj. nukkondénat (q. v.); nukodtu-
miimat, to leave, C. 199; nunnukodtum,
I leave, ibid.

(Narr. nickdttash, leave or depart; pl.
nickaltammoke, nickatlamitta, let us de-
part, R. W. 55. Cree niigga-tum, he
fetcheth him, Howse 42. ]

nukkomauonat [negonne-audnat], to be
first, in advance: nukkomau, he came
first to)2 28. 7. cohn! 2054.

nukkondeu, adv. by night, in the night,

19p'¢ alley, Pals Weise
See nohkog.
(Narr. ndukocks nokan-ndwi, by night,
R. W. 70.]
nukk6ne [=negonne, first], adj. old, an-
cient, of old, Eecl. 1, 10 (‘original’,
Woytolie, (05 alzs})\a seip, ancient river,
Judg. 5, 21; —— qgunnonou, old lion,
s2304 6% mayash, the old ways,
Job 22, 15; nukkonadchu, the ancient
mountain, Deut. 33, 15; yeush nukkén-
eyeuukish, ‘these are ancient things’, 1
Chr. 4, 22; ayimup negonne nukkdéneye-
wut, ‘he hath made the first old’; ne
‘that which waxeth

32, 4; 42, 8; 105, 39.

negonneayeuoh,

old’, Heb. 8, 13.
(Abn. negaiinié, ec’ est une vieille cou-

tume; negaini arenaibak, les anciens;

TRUMBULL]

nukk6éne—continued.
nikkaiinisi, devant, par avance; nenik-
kaiin8ssé, je marche deyant, Rasles, 558,
559. Del. n’chowiyeyu, it is old, Zeisb.
Gr. 165. ]
nukkononat, y. t. an. to leave, to go
away from, to abandon, to forsake,
Deut. 12,19; pass. noh nussu nukkonau,
he alone is left, Gen. 44, 20; pish nuk-
konau, he shall leave (them), Mark
10, 7; Eph. 5, 31; nukkondg, if ye turn
away, Num. 32, 15; toh wutch nukkénég,
why have ye left (him), Ex. 2, 20;
ahque nukkosseh (an. suffix), do not
thou leave me, Ps. 27, 9; nukkonant
(part.), leaving, Gen. 2, 24; ‘depart-
ing from’, abandoning, Jer. 3, 20 (see
nukkodtumundt); nukkénittuog, they de-
parted from each other, Acts 15, 39
(nukkonittinneat, to be left, C. 199).
[The Narragansett form appears to
have been (nukkodtshénat) nickatshénat
for the v. an., though the first of the
following examples may be traced to
nukkonénat: mat kunnickansh, Tl will not
leave you; ahquie kunnickkatshash, do
not leave me; tawhitch nickatshiéan,
why do you forsake me? R. W. 75.
(This form has the characteristic sh of
disastrous or undesirable action.) ]
nukkukquiinneat, y. i. to be old, with
reference to a measure of duration or
existence: kanenukkukquiinneat, to be
in a full (good old) age, Job 5, 26 (see
-quinne and kodtumwohkom); toh wanuk-
koohquiyeu noh nonksq, how old is that
girl? C. 240.
nukkukquiyeuonk, age: wultin
K. 14, 4.
nukkummat: ultoh ne nukkummat,
‘whether it is easier’ (to say, ete.),
Mark 2, 9.
nukkummatta (?), ‘rather than’ (it), in
preference to (it), ‘and not’, Proy. 8,

5 ul

10. Cf. kuttumma, unless. See nik-
kvimme.

nukkimme. See nikkiimme.

nukoh. See ko.

nukon, n. night, Gen. 1, 5, 16; pl. nuko-
nash, nukkonash, Job 7, 3; nukkon +
ash, C. 164. From nokinat, to descend,
to go down; or from nukkonénat, to
leave, to go away from (?) the sun, gone
down or haying left (?). See nohkog.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY )

on

nukquodtut.

nukqutteghetn, an only child, son or
daughter: wunnukquttegheonuh okasoh,
the only one of her mother, Cant. 6, 9;
nunnukquttegheun, my only child, Luke
9, 38.

See nunnikquodtut.

nummatappinneat, y. i. to seat one’s
self, to sit down: nummatappu, he sat
down, Ruth 4, 1; Luke 14, 28; num-
matappuog, they sat down, Ruth 4, 2;
Luke 22,55; nummatapsh, sit down, Is.
52, 2 (nummattdptinat, to sit; nunnum-
mdttap, I sit; appu, hesits, C. 209). See
appin; cf. Abnaki (Rasles, ‘asseoir’,
p. 388).

num-meech.

nummekitch6nont, (one) haying a flat
nose, Ley. 21, 18 (nenéque mutchan, flat
nose, C. 170).

nummishe,!.. . greatly, 1 Thess. 3, 10;
Heb. 12, 21; =mishe, with prefix of Ist
person.

See meechu.

nummissés, -ssis, my sister. See wm-
missies.

nummittamwos, -wus, my wile.
mitlamwus.

*nummontuhquahwhuttuonk, n. a
debt, C. 203.

*nummoohquonat, ‘to sup up pottage’,
ete., C. 211; pish nummuhquaog, they
shall sup up pottage, Hab. 1, 9.

See

num-muttummashum may, ‘I run in
the way’ (‘of thy commandments’),
Ps. 119, 32,
tam may, Mass. Ps.

numpakou. See nompakou, a jewel.

numwabpanumunat (?), v. t. to fill (one
thing with another): numudban kutas-
kon pummee, fill thy horn with oil,
1 Sam. 16, 1; numwabpanuwmok, fill ye
(barrels with water), 1 K. 18, 33;
numwapogkunnumwog wunnonkash, they
filled the troughs (with water), Ex. 2,
16; numwéquom uppathonchomut, she
filled her pitcher, Gen. 24, 16.

= num-muttummaomashon-

numwéae, adj. full of, filled with, Num.
22,18; 24,13; Judg. 6, 28; fully, C. 228.

*numwamechimehkonat, to fill [to
make full with food (?)], C. 191: ntinnum-
wamechiméhteam, I fill [I am filled, I be-
come full of food(?)], ibid.

numwameechum, [| am full, he is full
(of food), Prov. 30, 9.

96 BUREAU

numwapagod, (a place) full of water,
PS By ANE

numwap[pinneat (?)], v. i. to fill up, to
make full (of an. obj.): nag pish num-
wapuog, they shall fill (thy houses, 1. e.
thy houses shall be full of them), Ex.
10, 6.

numwohtauunat (nwmwoltindt, | Thess.
2,16), v. t. and i. to fill up, to make
full, to be full (inan., subj. ):
wohteau, it filled (the whole earth),

nuUum-

Dan. 2, 35; it is full, Ps. 26, 10; pish
*nunnapi.

numwolteau, he shall fill (the world),
Tis Zi 16%

filled it with fire, Rev. 8, 5; numwoh-

wunnumwohtauin natau, he

toush, fill thou (thy hand), Ezek. 10,2; |

asquam numivohtano, itis not yet full,
Gen. 15, 16; numwohta), let (it) be filled,
@. 191.
numwonkquau, n. a heap.
See nomunkquag.

From nan-
omwmonkquaeu.

numwonkquttauunat, y. t. to heap up,
Eeel. 2, 26; numwonkquottou, he heaps
up, Ps. 39, 6; freq. nandmongquodtauu-
nat, to heap up abundantly or to make
great heaps, Ps. 39, 6; Job 27, 16. See
nomunkquag.

nunde, adj. dry(?). Found only in Eliot
in compound words. See nunobpe.

nunassenat, vy. t. to make dry, to dry
(from nunde-ussendt): pish nunnunas-
sum, I will dry up (the waters), Is. 42,
15; 44, 27; nunndhsum sepuash, he drieth
up the rivers, Hag. 1,4. Cf. wunninab-
pehtau-un, he maketh it (the sea) dry,

Hag. 1, 4. See nunobpe; nunnobohteat-
eou,
nunkane, nonkane, adj. light (not

heavy), Num. 21,5; 2 Cor. 4,17; (nun-
kon) Matt. 11, 30; anue nunkinwog onk,
‘they are lighter than’, Ps. 62, 9
(nonkké wednun, a light burden; non-
ganne, lightly, C. 172, 228).

[Narr. ndukon, light; kunnaiki, you
are light, R. W. 55, =kunndukon, p. 75.
Del. langan, Zeishb. Gr. 173. ]

nunkomp,n. a young man, El. Gr. 9; pl.
nunkompaog, Is. 40, 30; dim. nunkom-
paes, nunkompaemes (El. Gr. 12): ash
nunkompdean, When thou wast young,

John 21, 18 (nénkup or nonkumpaes, a |

boy, C. 156). Cf. wusken.

nunkquaash [=nwinwonkquash], heaps;
suppos. nano (?), gq. v. Cf. muttannunk,
ete.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| nunksqua, nunksgq, n. avirl (El. Gr. 9),

a young woman, Gen. 24, 14, 16; Deut.
22, 15, 28 (nonkkishq, wisskisqua, a girl,
C.157 ); penompae nunkgs, a virgin, Deut.
22, 23 (see penomp); pl. nunksquaog, Ps.
148, 12; wunnunksquomog (obj. -moh),
her maids, Ex. 2, 5; nunksquahettit, ‘in
their youth’ (subj.), when they were
girls, Ezek. 23, 3; dim. nunksquaes,
nunksquaemes (El. Gr. 12).

[Del. long-ochqueii, a brisk young
woman, Zeisb. Voc. 43.]
See nunobpe, dry.
nunnaumon, my son: ken nunnaumon,

yeu kesukok nanaumon kuhhog, ‘Thou

art my Son, this day have I begotten

thee,’ Heb. 1, 5. See wunnaumonuh.

| *nunne nogkishk6éadtuonk, ‘well met’

(as a salutation), C. 225.
kaudénat.
nunneukontunk, nunnuk-, n. an im-
age or idol, 2 Chr. 34, 4, 7; Mic. 1,7 (nin-
nukéntonk, C. 155).
nunneyew, n. urine. See ninyeu.
nunnippog, -ipog, ‘fresh water’, James
3, 12. See nippe; -pog.
nunnobohtedou [= nanabpi (?) |: nunno-
bohtedduut, on dry ground, Ex. 15, 19,
i.e. made dry (?), or dry by nature (?);
Josh. 3, 17, =nabohteadiut, Ex. 14, 16,
22 (nunnapohteaiyeuut, ‘in dry places’,
Mass. Ps., Ps. 105, 41); watch nunnoboh-
teaduut, ‘from the dust of the earth’,
Gen. 2, 7 (nunnopohteai, dry ground,
Mass. Ps., Ps. 107, 35). See nunobpe.
nunnobohteateou, -teaiyeuteop, he
dried up (the waters), made dry land,
Josh. 4, 23; 5, 1 (nunnoppohteaiyeuehteau
tohkekamuash, he dries up the springs,
Mass. Ps., Ps. 107, 33). See nunobpe;
nunassenat.
nunnohkinnum, nannab-, y. t. he sifts
(it), Is. 30, 28: nunnannahkinnum, I
sift (it), Amos 9, 9; nannéhkinumuk,
when it is sifted, ibid.; nanahkineg, a
sieve, Is. 30, 28. Cf. nwhkik, from pri-
mary nolkeii (?).
nunnukkunumunat, y. t. to shake
(inan. obj.): nunnukkunum, (he or it)
shook (it), made it shake, Heb. 12, 26;
pass. nunnukkema@, it was shaken, Ex.
19, 18 (nukkeema, Ps. 18, 7).
nunnukkushondt, nannukshonat,
nunnukqushonat, y. i. to tremble, to
shake: nunnunnukkushom, I quake (for

See nogkush-

TRUMBULL]

nunnukkushonat, etc.—continued.
fear), Heb. 12, 21; nunnukkushomp, I
trembled, Hab. 3, 16; nunnuksheau, it
trembled, 2 Sam. 22, 8; nunnukshaog,

they trembled, Ex. 19, 16; 1 Sam. 14, 15;

nunnukshau mishenukshdonk maocheke,
‘he trembled very exceedingly’, Gen.
27, 33; nunnukkushont, -qushont (part. ),
trembling, Mark 5, 33; Acts 9, 6;
matta woh nanukkushonog (2), ‘which
can not be moyed’(?), Heb. 12, 28 (nun-
nukkisshénat, to tremble or tingle, C.

213; nunnukkishshom, I shake, p. 208; |

-kishom, I tremble; naweyaus nunnukis-
shau, my flesh trembleth, p. 213).
[Del. nun gach tschi, I shake for cold,

Zeisb. Voc. 25.]

nunntkontunk. See nunneukotunk.

nunnukquappineat, y. t. to be in dan-
ger: nunnukquoppu en, he is in danger
of, Matt. 5, 21, 22, =nukquoppu, Mark
3, 29.

nunnukque, adj. and ady. dangerous, |

perilous, 2 Tim. 3, 1.
nunntkquodtut, ady. in peril, in dan-
ger (=nukquodtut), Lam. 5, 9; Rom. 8,
35; 2 Cor. 11, 26: ndnukquok, when it
is dangerous, Acts 27, 9 [both suppos.
forms, but used as nouns, as in Rom. 8,
39]. Cf. nana[h]konchiyeu-w.
nunnukqushonat. See nunnukkushonat.
nunnukqussenat, y. i. to take heed, to

act cautiously (nunnukqussinneat, to be- |

ware, ©. 182): matta nunnukqussu, he
took no heed, 2 K. 10, 31; nunnukqus-
sish (kuhhog), take heed to thyself,
Ex. 34, 12; Deut. 4, 9; 12, 30; (nuksush, )
Ex. 10, 28; nunnukqussek, take ye heed
(to yourselves), Deut. 11, 16; 27,9; Jer.
9,4; Matt. 16, 6; nunnukqussitch, let him

take heed, 1 Cor. 10, 12; nashpe nunnuk- |

qussit, ‘by (his) taking heed’, Ps. 119, 9
(nen nunnikqus, | beware, C. 182; nun-
nukqussuontash kehtah, beware of the
sea, p. 232).

nunnukqussu6dnok (from y. t. an. ), be-
ware ye of (an. obj.), = wabesuénwk,
Phil’'3; 2:

*nunnukqussuontamunat, y. t. to be-

ware of (inan. obj.): nunnukqussuontash |

keitah, beware of the sea, C. 182, 232.
nunnukshde, adj. trembling, which

trembles, Deut. 28, 65; 2 Cor. 7, 15

(ninukshae, C. 176); mat nunnukqushe

kuttoun, boldness of speech, 2 Cor. 7, 4. |

B. A. E., Buy. 25.

4

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 97

nunnukshdonk, n. trembling (through
fear), 1 Sam. 14, 15; Job 4, 14.

nunnutcheg, my hand.
(mm nutcheg).

nunobpe, adj. dry, Num. 6, 3 (nunndpi,
C.169): nanabpi, nanabpeu, dry land (as
distinguished from water or land coy-
ered by water), Gen. 1, 9, 10 (=naboh-
teai, Hag. 2,6); nunnobohke, ‘the earth a
dry land, Prov. 30, 16; ayim ketoh nun-
nobiyeiut, ‘he made the sea dry land’
Ex. 14, 21; nunnappesish, be (thou) dry,
Is. 44, 27.

[Narr. nndppi, dry; nndppaquat, dry

weather, R. W. 82.]

nunohkomuk, n. a landing place (a
‘shore’), Acts 27, 39; John 21, 8, 9;

Jonah 1, 13: ketahhanne unnunohkomuk,

the seashore, Jer. 47, 7.

See menutcheg

’

nunohtae, adj. dry (that which has be-
come dry or is made dry ): mehtug,
dry tree, ‘dry stubble’, Is. 56, 3; Job
13, 25; pl. -dash, Josh. 9,5; Ezek. 37, 2;
nunohtaut, in that which is dry (i. e. in
a dry tree, Luke 23, 31); nunohtdeu,
Ezek. 37, 4; Hos. 9, 14.

nunohteauunat, y. i. to become dry, to
dry up: nunohteau, it is (become) dry,
Josh. 9, 12; nippeash . .
the waters dry up, Job 12, 15; nunah-
top, it was dry, Judg. 6, 40; nunohtaj,
let it become dry, Judg. 6, 39; nun-
nohsit(?), if it be dry, Judg. 6, 37. Cf.
ninnowwa (Narr.), harvest time, R. W.
92.

. nunohtaash,

nuppe, diminutive nuppisse. See nippe,
water; nippisse, a pool or pond.

nuppissepog. See nippissepog.

nuppoh, nuppohwhuny, n. a wing (not
found except in the constructive or ob-
jective nuppoh, nuppohwhunoh, with
prefix of 83d person): nuppohwunau,
winged, haying wings, Is. 6, 2; yawin-
nepiihwhunau, haying four wings, Ezek.
1,6. See wunnuppoh, wunnuppohwhun.
[Allied to nuppunat and nepaus(?).]

nuppO, nuppme, adj. (he is) dead, Judg.
4, 22; 1 Sam. 24, 14; pl. an. nuppawog,
Ps. 88, 5, 10.

| nuppme, nuppomngane, adj. deadly,

producing death, Mark 16, 18; James
3, 8; Rev. 13, 3.

nuppoonk, n. death, Gen. 21, 16; Ex.
10, 17; Job 5, 21; 2 K. 4, 40.

98

*nupp@passinneat, ‘to wither or pine
away (as a tree)’, C. 216; mehtuk nup-
pota, a tree withers, ibid.

nuppunat, y. i. to die, Eccl. 3, 2; 1 Cor.
9, 15 (nuppinat, C. 237). The literal or
primitive meaning of this verb is per-
haps to go away, or, rather, to sleep. It
is probably allied to nuppoh, a wing or
wings. The Indian languages abound
in euphemisms for expressing death,
“*so terrible is the King of Terrors to all
natural men.’’ ‘‘They abhor tomention
the dead by name, . . and amongst
States, the naming of their dead Sa-
chims”’ is one ground of war, R.W. 161.
nupp@, nup, he dieth or died, Job 14,
10; 21, 23; Is. 59, 5; Gen. 23,2; Ezek. |
24,18; nen nupup, I died . Gen.
30, 1; 48, 21; Rom. 7, 9; pish nup, he |
shall die, Ezek. 18, 4, 20; kenup,
thou shalt die, Gen. 2, 17; nuppun, he
dieth, Eccl. 3,19; nuppuk, nupuk, when
he dies or is dead, he may die, Eccl. 3,
19; Rom. 7, 2; 2 Sam. 3, 33; noh neit
nupuk, who died there, 2 Sam. 10, 18;
napukeg, nupukeg, pl. the dead, Eecl.
4, 2, =napunutchig, Num. 16, 48 (pish
nunnip, I shall die; nont wame nenup-
pumun, we must all die, C. 188).

[Alg. nipai-. Chip. niba, he sleeps
(Bar. ); nibé, he dies. (The Chip. prefix
ni (Bar.) denotes a ‘going away’,
change (?) of place or posture; cf.
nepau, to rise up.) Narr.: Roger Will-
jams usually employs the verb kifonck- |
quéi{nat] (q. v.), to die, and has nipwi,
maw [nuppo, améeit (?)], ‘he is gone’;
nippitch ewd, let him die [a sentence:
let him be put to death]; niphéttitch,
let them die, R. W. 122;
shiwi, he is gone forever, p. 160; yo

micheme-

dpapan, he that was here; mauchaiihom,
the dead man; pl. maucharihomwock,
= chepeck; chepassdlam, the dead sa-
chem; chepasqudw, a dead woman; sa-
chimatipan, ‘he that was prince
[sachem] here’, p. 161. Cree nippu, |
he is dead; nippdw, he sleeps, Howse 31.
Del. mboiwi, mortal; mboagan death,
Zeisb. Gr. 104. ]

nupweshanonat, y. t. an. to persuade:
wunnepweshanuh, he persuaded him, 2
Chrsleez: . kenup-
weshanukwo, doth not (he) persuade

sunmnummatta .

BUREAU OF AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25-

nupweshanonat—continued.
you, 2 Chr. 32, 11; nupweshanédmun, we
persuade, 2 Cor. 5, 11 (nupweshashsw-
énat, to persuade, C. 204;
weshan, I persuade, p. 203).

nupweshassowaonk, n. persuasion, Gal.
5, 8 (nupweshassmwaonk, C. 204).

nupwodaonk (?), n. a riddle, Judg. 14,
12-15; a proverb, Proy. 25, 1 (nwpwo-
waonk, C. 163); ‘a mystery’, 1 Cor.
13, 2. See napwoacheg; siogkowaonk.

[nupwoshwo6nat(?), | tochoke: nupwosh-
woog, they are choked (with cares),
Luke 8, 14; nish uhpasumaomaash, these
(inan.) choke (it), Mark 4, 19 (nup-
pashoon wulche weyaus, I am choked
{with flesh], C. 185; passhodnninneat,
to be choked, ibid.; nukkehehiquabes
peminneat, I am choked with a halter,
ibid. ).

nushde, adj. slain, killed (dead by vio-
lence), Is. 22, 2.

nushaonk, n. slaughter, Is. 27, 7; Jer.
12, 3; a killing, Heb. 7, 1; Is. 22, 13.

nushéhteaen, n. a murderer, Deut. 35,
28; 1 John 3, 15; shehteden, ‘bloody
man, Ps!/5, 16.

[Narr. kemineiachick, pl. murderers,

Ie Ye, Ilys]

nushéhteaonk, n. murder (abstract),
Luke 23,19; killing, Hos. 4, 2; pl.
-ongash, Matt. 15,19; Mark 7, 21; sheh-
tedonk, Rom. 1, 29.

nushéhteauunat, y. i. to commit mur-
der, to be a murderer: noh nashteohp,
‘who had committed murder’, Mark
15, 7; nushehteaog ut mayut, they com-
mit murder in the way, Hos. 6, 9;
kenushteomwo, you commit murder,
Jer. 7, 9; nushehteuhkon, -teahkon, thou
shalt not kill, Deut. 5,17; Matt. 5, 21;
‘thou shalt do no murder’, Matt. 19, 18
(nunnishteam, I kill; nunnishteap, I did
kill, C. 196).

{Narr. kemineantiock, they murder

each other. R. W. 76.]

nushonat, vy. act. an. to kill, Deut. 9, 28;
Esth. 3, 13; Acts 9, 24 (nunishonat, C.
196); pass. nushittinneat, to be killed,
Esth. 7, 4; but nushau, nushaog (3d
pers. sing. and pl.), are used indiffer-
ently for the active or passive voice,
he or they slew or were slain (see nush-
tihkonat): nunnush, I slew him, 1 Sam-

nunnip=

See kechequabinau.

TRUMBULL]

nushonat—continued.
17, 35; 2 Sam. 1, 16; nash, kill thou,
Judg. 8, 20; Acts 10, 13; nushon (?),

he murders (them), Ps. 10, 8; he slew, |

Judg. 15, 15; nushok, kill ye, Luke 15,
23; nushehteuhkon, -ahkon, thou shalt
not kill, Deut. 5, 17; Matt. 5, 21; pish
nunnush, I shallslay, Gen. 27, 41; nush-
ont, nashont (part.), slaying, Gen. 4,
15; Ex. 21, 14; nushau, nusheau, he
slew, 1 Sam. 17, 36; Ex. 2, 12; 2 Chr.
25, 3; he was slain, Dan. 5, 30; wun-

shéuh, (it) slew them, Dan. 3, 22, = nah | : .
| nuttin, nussin, I say.

wunnushoh, Luke 13, 4; pish nushau,
he shall be put to death, Ex. 21, 12,
15, 16, ete.; mos nusheau, he must be
killed, Rey. 13, 10; nushaog, they slew,
Gen. 49, 6; Judg. 3, 29; pish nushoog,
they shall be slain, Ezek. 26, 6; nush-
dog (as part. pl.), slain, they who are
slain, Ezek. 26, 6; 32, 21, 23-25; Is.
22, 2; noh nashomuk, who was slain,
Judg. 20, 4; pass. pish nunnushit, I shall
be slain, Proy. 22, 13; wsqheonk nashit,
the blood of the slain, Num. 23, 24; neg
nushitcheg, the slain, Ezek. 32, 20.

[Narr. niss, kill him; pl. nissoke, R.

Wieeli22s

nushthkonat, y. act. i. to kill, to
make slaughter (nishehkonat, to kill,
C. 196): togkodteg kodtinnumauun nush-
uhkénat, ‘the sword is drawn . . . for
the slaughter’, Ezek. 21, 28 (to go on
killing, to kill as a business, %’ pro-
gressive).

nussequnneat [nussv-sequnnedt], v. i.
to remain alone: nen webe nussequnit,
‘I only remain’, 1 K.18, 22; nen webe
nussequnneanit, I only am left, 1 K. 19,
14. See sequnau.

nussin, nuttin, I say. See wessindt.

nussu, nusseu, adj. an. alone (solus),
Ex. 18,18; 24, 2; Deut. 33, 28; Matt.
18, 15; nase, Job 9, 8: nunnusse, I alone,
Ts. 63,3; nahse ... nusseu, alone... by
myself, Is. 44, 24; nohsiit, if she be
‘desolate’ (as, a widow), 1 Tim.
(nunndnsiup, I was alone; nomsiyeué
(and ‘wukse’), all alone, C. 167; non-
siyeu, ibid. 232).

{Narr. kiinnishishem, are you alone?
nnishishem, I am alone; patisuck naint
manit, ‘there is only one God’; navigom
naint, He alone (made all things, ete. ),

5, 5

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

99

nussu, nusseu—continued.
R. W., 31,114,115. Del. nechoha, adv.
alone, Zeisb. ]

{un ]nussu, See
under U.

nutcheg, hand.

cheg).

(he is) shaped, ete.

See menutcheg (mnut-

nuttaihe, pl. an. nuttaiheog; inan. nut-
taiheash, mine, (is) mine, Gen. 26, 20;
Mal. 3, 17; Ezek. 35,10. See wuttaihe.

nuttaihéin, ours, (is) ours. See wut-
taihe.

See witinonat.

nuttiniin: nen nutlinniin nen nuttinniin,
for ‘I am that I am’, Ex. 3, 14; ne-
wutche ne nuttiniin (‘ne nutunniin’,
Mass. Ps.), ‘for so Lam’, John 13, 13;
qut matta ne nuttinniein, ‘but it is not.
so with me’, Job 9, 35; yew mo nuttin-
aiin, thus I was, Gen. 31, 40; yew nuttin-
aiin, thus I have been (and am), y. 41;
woh nuttinni onatuh ne matta dniyeu, ‘T
should have been as though I had not
been’, Job 10, 19 (nen nuttinne-aiin nen
nuttinne-aiin, ‘I am such as such as I
am’, or ‘I myself remain or continue to
be such as I myself remain’ [nuttinne-
aiin=T1 am such as (1)]; nuttinni, lam
become; [nuttinni]yumun, we are be-
come; unniinat, to become, C.181). See
unnaiimneat. Ct. wuttinniin.

(Del. n’telli, I (do, say, ete.) thus
or so; k’telli, thou (dost, sayest, ete.)
thus or so; w'telli, he, ete., Zeisb. Gr.
TL

nuttinne, even I, Neh. 4, 13; ego ipse,
Ezek. 38, 23.

nux, adv. yea, yes, verily (El. Gr. 21);
verb subst. nuxyeuoutch, let it be yea,
James 5, 12; nuk, yes, Stiles (Narr. ).
“nux, as it is commonly written, but
should rather be nukkies, in two sylla-
bles’’, Exp. Mayhew. See *6.

[Miem. @, ‘oui’; lok (=nok), ‘bien’,
Maill. 29. Abn. ‘ga signif. affirmita-
tem: niga, oui, c’est cela’, Rasles 553;
nikki, c'est cela méme, p. . Chip.
e nange ka, yes, certainly; e nange, O
yes, Bar. 476. Del. ekee, ay! Zeisb.
Illin. “Rad. naga, nagata, vox feminis
propria, assurément, vraiment; nissi
naga, oui yraiment, je le dis.’’—Gray.
MS.]

100 BUREAU OF

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

Or

a

another Indian word of the same signi-
fication, viz., 1.7, . the former is
scarce ever used in writing.’’—Exp.
Mayhew. (éu, well, it is well, C. 227. )
daas, 6aus, howaas, n. an animal, a
living creature, Gen. 2, 19; 7, 4; Ley.
11, 47 (déas [odas], C. 171); pl. ewaasi-
neg, Is. 13, 21; odsineg, Ezek. 1, 14; -oa-
dsineg, V. 19 (odasineg, creatures, C. 171;

oowaasineg, p. 56): nishnoh daus wun-
nahnahshont, ‘every thing that hath
breath’, Ps. 150, 6; nishnoh oaas pamon-
tog, every thing that liveth, Ezek. 47,
9; nishnoh oaas pish pomantam, every
thing shall live, ibid.; oaas momonchin,
creeping thing, Lev. 11, 20, 21; wuske
Ct.
wou, wou (anegg); ach (ke wrth, out of);
oshe, father; weyaus, flesh. Largely used

odas, a new creature, Gal. 6, 15.

*6, 60 (o nasal), yea, yes; ‘‘ but there being |

Oaus. See ddas.

obbohquos, n. See uppéhqués.

6bohqudaonk, n. a covering, Ex. 26, 7.

See appuhquésu.

| *ockqutchaun (Narr. ), ‘‘a wild beast of

in compound words, especially in the |

names of animals. The termination
-ésu of the animate form of adjectives
(El. Gr. 13) is derived from 6aas,; so nom-
paas, male (=ne-omp-oaas, man-ani-
, great ani-
mal, wolf; musquassus, musquash, red

mal); mukquosh (mogkeoaas)

animal, muskrat.

[Abn. aSaasak, les animaux, Rasles.
Del. au we sis, a beast, pl. +sac, beasts;
au we yey is, Wild beast, wild creature,
Zeisb. J

*oadtehteaonk, n. payment, C. 203.
d6adtehteauundt, y. t. to pay, as a debt,

a yow, ete.; to make payment of: dad- |
tehteaou, he pays (tribute), Matt.17, 24; |

madtehteau, Jonah 1, 3; pish kutéadteh-
team, thou shalt pay (money), 1 K. 20,
39; déadtehteash, pay thou (thy vow),
Feel. 5, 4.

6adtuhkénat, y. t. an. to pay to, Deut.
23, 21; Esth. 4, 7: kutoadtuh koush, 1
will pay thee, Num. 20, 19; 6adtuhkou,
-kau, pay thou to (him or them), 2 K.

4,7; Ps. 50, 14; nen nutéadtuhkauéog, (in |

that case) IT will pay you, i. e. if you
agree (subj.), Esth.3, 9; dadtuhkah, pay
thou me, Matt. 18, 28 (oadtuhkah eyeu,
pay me now, C. 203).
*oadtuhkossuwahuonat, y. t.
cause to be paid [to], C. 203.

See adtéaii.

an. to

a reddish hair about the bigness of
a pig, and rooting like a pig; from
whence they give this name to all our

swine’; pl. +nug; R. W. 95; the
woodchuck (Aretomys monax) (?).
Cf. ogkoshquog (‘conies’ ?), El. From

dgushau, aggqshau (agweshau), he goes
under, roots or burrows. See ogkachin
(agwe-wutchaw), he comes from under.
Cf. ogkachin.
(Mod. Abn. ag-askw, K. A. Del. gosch
go schak (pk), hogs, Zeisb. Voc. 17.]
ogguhse, adj. little [small in quantity
or amount], Proy. 24, 33: anue ogguhse,
much less, Proy. 17,7. Dim. ogguhse-
mese nippe, a (very) little water, Gen.
24, 17; iogguhsemese, ‘by little and
little’, Deut. 7, 22, =odgguhséseu, Ex.
28, 30 (ogkosse, adv. little, C. 233).
ogguhsoadtu, of little worth, Proy. 10,
20.
ogguhsuog, an. pl. few, Deut. 26, 5;
Matt. 7, 14; inan. pl. ogguhsinash, a few
things, Matt. 25, 21, 23; oggulsesinash
(dimin.), Gen. 47, 9: ogguhsequinogok,
ina few days [at the end ofa few days],
Dan. 11, 20 (ogkossmog, few, C. 169).
[For ogkesu (?) and ogkesesw (?).]
ogkemonat, agkemonat, v. t. an. to
number or count (an. obj.): ogkem,
number ye (the people), Num, 26, 2;
‘take the sum of’, Num. 4, 22; ogke-
mak, Num. 1, 2; agkemehetteupoh, they
numbered (them), Num. 26, 65; nag og-
kemuteheg, agkemutcheg, they who were
numbered, Num. 26, 51, 57.
[Cree w/cke-mayoo, he counts him,
Howse 43. ]

ogkesu.
[Nore.—Definition not given,
ogkemonat; ogketamiinat ]

See ogguhse;

ogketamindat, yv. t. (1) to number, to
count, to take the sum of: nashpe ogke-
tamundt, by count, ‘according to a cer-
tain number’, Deut. 25, 2 (inan. obj. );
ogketam, he counts, Job 31, 4; ogketaj

TRUMBULL]

ogketamundat—continued.
ne adtahsik, let him count the number

of, Rey. 13, 18; ogketam, he has num- |

bered, Dan. 5, 26. (2) to read (C. 206);
ogketam, he read, Josh. 8, 34; ogketamup
matta, he read not, v. 85; ogketash, read
thou, Jer. 36, 6; noh ogketog, he who
reads, Matt. 24, 15.

[Narr. akétash, pl. aketlamodke, count
or reckon (it), ‘tell my money’; akésuog,
‘they are telling of rushes’; natkesimin,
I am telling or counting; ‘‘for their
play [gaming with rushes] is a kind of

arithmetic’; ntaquie akésamen, I will |

leave play [I cease counting], R. W.
136, 145, 146. Del.
count, to read, Zeisb. ]
-ogkod, pl. + tash; an. -ogkussu, pl. + og.
*Ogkodchinat, to be ashamed, C. 180,
=akodchindt. See akodchu.
*okodchite, ady. with shame, ‘modest-
ly’, C. 229; mat okodchte, shamelessly,
ibid. 230. See akodchu.
*ogkodchuonk, n. shame, ©.
akodchu-onk.
ogkome, -mai, prep. beyond.
kome.
-ogkon. See dhkon.
ogkoshquog, n. pl. ‘conies’, Prov. 30,
26. Cf. méhtukquas-og. In Ley. 11, 5, 6,
“cony’’ and ‘‘hare’’ are transferred
from the English. See dgushau; *ock-

achkindamen, to

159. See

See ong-

qutchaun.

ogka@chin, hogkochin, v. i. it depends |

or is suspended from, he is suspended
from, 2 Sam. 18, 9, 10.
goes under; agwe-woushau, he hangs
under.

[Narr. tedg yo auguwhdttick, what
hangs there?; yo augwhdttous, hang it
there, R. W. 56. Chip. agédjin, he
hangs or is on high, Bar. 180. Cree

Cf. dgushau, he

See waashau.

u/ckooche-mayoo, he suspends him in |
water [?], Howse 43; cf. w/ckootow, he |

hangs it up, p. 47.]
ogkomwau, he seemed to (them), Gen.
19, 14 [visus est?].
ogquamush: puppissi

you, Luke 10, 11.
cover.
ogquanumunéat, y. t. to liken or com-
pare one thing with another; an. og-
quanumonat, to liken one person to

Cf. onkhumundt, to

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

ne ogqua- |
mushonk, the dust which cleaveth to |

101

| ogquanumundt—continued.

another: ah@ue ogquanum, ‘count me
not’, do not liken me to, | Sam. 1, 16;
howan ogquanunég, to whom will ye
liken (him), Is. 40, 18; inan. ogque-
neunkquodt, -quot, it is like (it may be
likened to), Matt. 13, 31; 20, 1; 22, 2.
The verb substantives from ogque and
ogquenneunk and their derivatives are
variously formed and with no uniform-
ity of application: pish nulogqurneunk-
queh, I will liken him to, Matt. 7, 24;
uttoh woh nutogquoniamun, to what shall
I liken (it), Matt. 11, 16; kuttogqun-
neauau, do ye make it like (him), ‘com-
pare it unto’ (him), Is. 40, 15.

(Del. k’delgiqui, so as thou, thou art
like; w'delgiqui, so as he, he is like,
Zeisb. Gr. 172, 173.

_ogque, agque, wuttogque, like to, in

the same manner as, Is. 40, 22, 24, 31;
ne ogque, like it, Deut. 4, 32.
neunkquok; nogque; ogkmwau.

See agque-

[Del. linaquot, elinaquot, ‘so, so as’,
Zeisb. Gr. 172.

| ogqueneunk, agqueneunk, n. likeness,

similitude, Deut. 4, 16, 17, 18: agque-
neunkquok, that which is like to, =og-
queneunkquodt, Matt. 13, 31; 22, 2. The
2d pers. subj. pres. of the verb used for
the concrete noun.

ogqueneunkqussu, adj. an. (he) is
likened or made like to, Matt. 7, 26;
Las

ogqueneunkqussuonk, n. the making
like in appearance, a similitude, Is. 40,
18; parable, Matt. 15, 15; 22, 1.

ogquidnash, pl. n. islands, Is. 40, 15.
See ahquedne; munnoh.

ogqunneat, y. i. to wear clothes, to be
clothed, Jer. 4, 30; 1 Pet. 3, 3;
hogko. to put on,
to ornament the person with, 1 Pet.

see
ogquimuménat, vy. t.

3, 38, =ne dqut, ‘which was on him’,
which he wore, Gen. 37, 28, =ne ag-
quit, 1 IK. 11, 30; aqut silver, (when he
is) clothed with silver, Ps. 68, 13; has-
habpénak agquit, clothed in linen, Den.
12,7 (see agquit; hogkw); nag dgqutcheg,
they that wear, 1 Sam. 22, 18 (ogquin-
neut, to put on, C. 204; nutdgquanneh-
huam (causat.), I clothe; wuttogquanneh-
hudnat, to clothe; wuttogquannehhittin-
neat, to be clothed, ibid. 185).

102 BUREAU
ogqunneat—continued.
[ Narr. ocquash, put on felothes), R. W.
107.]
ogqunneg, n. a shield, Deut.
22, 6; pl. +-ash, 1 Chr. 18,
ogqunnedt.
ogqunneunkqussinneat, y. t. to make |
in the likeness of, to make like to, Gen. |
5, 1 (nuttogqueneunks sauwunumuk, I |
seem to be weary, C. 208).
ogquodchuau en wadchuut, he went |
up into the mountain, Matt. 5, 1; 14, |
23; Mark 6, 46; ogquodchuau wadchuut,
|
|
|
|

apy, 48) JIEp
34. From

‘he went up into a mountain’, Matt.

Foals

ogquodtum, y. t. ‘he garnished’, ‘over-
laid’ (wetu, the house) with (it), 2 Chr.
3, 6, 7; wut-ogquodtum-un, he overlaid
it with, v. 4, 5.

ogquonkquag, n. ‘rust’, Matt. 6, 19.

ogquonkshde, adj. moldy; pl. -shaash,
Josh. 9, 5; verb subst. ogquonksheau, it |
was moldy, y. 12. |

ogquonkshunk, n. ‘mildew’, 1 K. 8, 37; |
lit. mold. (Elsewhere than here ‘mil- |
dew’ is transferred. )

*ogquos, togquos, a twin; pl. + suog, C.
176.

[Narr. tackgiuwoek, twins, R. W. 45. ]
ogqushki, adj. wet, moist (by dew or
rain, oy), Dan. 4, 33: wenomineash . .
moist, Num.

oO

en ogqushke, grapes...

6, 3. Verb subst. ogqushkaj, let it be
wet, Dan. 4, 15; iogkdésishémm, it ‘dis- |
tills’ (like dew), Deut. 32, 2 (cf. og- |

quehchippanukquog, they are wet (with |
showers), Job 24, 8); kutogqutchippan- |
ukquog, they wet thee (with dew), Dan. |
4 Cf. nuchippog. See wuttogki;
*ockqutchaun.

| 25.
[Peq. wuthiggio, wet (i. e. it is wet);

maughtiggachy, ‘deer, i. e. wet-nose’,
Stiles. ]

*ogwantamiunat (?), to perceive: ogquon-
tamooadtinneat, to be perceived, C. 203;
ogquantaminat, to suppose or imagine,
ibid. 211.

*ogwhan (Narr. ),a boat adrift, R. W. 99.

ogwu.

ohguhsheédog, he minisheth
makes them few, Ps. 107, 39.

*ohhomaquesuuk, a needle or pin, C.
161 [for ohkom- (?)].

olhontseonat.

|

See agwu.
them,

See ontseu.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

ohkas, = dékas, mother.
ohke, n. the earth, land, Gen. 1, 10; Ps.

78, 69: ut ohkeit, on the earth, Ley.

11, 2 (ohké, ground, C. 160); a country,

region, 2 K. 3, 20; wt ohkeit, in the land,

1K. 8, 37; nutohket, to my country,

Gen. 24, 4; kuték, thy land, Ex. 34, 24;

pl. ohkeash, countries, Gen. 26, 3, 4;
the grave, Proy. 30, 16.
From the same radical as kas (mother),
oshe (father), wéd6u (an egg), ete.; ‘that
which produces’ or ‘brings forth’.
Like ékas (q. v.), the form is passive.
Cf. Greek, yéa, v7); Egyp. kaui (fem. );
ka, a bull; kua, the phallus (?).

[Narr. atike and sanaukamuck, earth
or land; nittauke, nissaundwkamuck, my
land; wuskdukamuck, new ground, R.
W. 89. Del. hacki, Zeisb. Voe. 8.]

wmeenohke,

| Ohkehteaen-in, n. a sower, one who

sows, Matt. 13, 3, 18.

ohkehteaunat, ahkehteaunat, y. t. to
plant, Eccl. 3, 2: ohkehteau tanohket-
eaonk, he planted a garden, Gen. 2, 8;
ohketeaog ohteuhkénash, they sow the
fields, Ps. 107, 37; pish weenominneoh-
keteauauog, they shall plant vineyards,
Is. 65, 21 (=pish ohkehteaog weenomin-
neohtekonash, Zeph. 1, 13); pish kutoh-
keteam, thou shalt sow, Mie. 6, 15; ne
ahketeaop, that which thou sowest, 1
Cor. 15, 36, 37; pass. ne ahketeamuk up,
that which was planted, Eccl. 3, 2;
ahketead(t), sabj. when he sowed, Matt.
13, 4; noh ahketeadt, he that sows, v. 37
(ohkeehkonat, to sow or plant; nuttohkeeh-
team, I sow or plant; ahquompi kuttoh-
keteam kuttanni, when do you sow your
rye? C. 209). See ohteuhkonat.

(Narr. aukeeteatimen (and quttdune-
mun), to plant corn; aukeeteatimitch,
‘planting time’ (let him plant) ; awkeeted-
hettit, ‘when they setcorn’ ; nummautau-
keeteatimen, ‘I have done planting’,
R. W. 91-92. ]

*ohkeieu, adj. below, C. 168.

ohkeiyeu, ady. toward the earth (El. Gr.
21); ohkekontu, out of the ground, Gen.
2,9. See agwu.

[Narr. aukeeaseiu, ‘downward’, R.
W. 52.]

*ohkeommasog, bees, ©. 156.
keomo,; massonog.

See adh-

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 108

ohkeonogk [ohke-wonog, earth hole], n.a Ohqudsséaen, -énin, ‘an austere man’,

cave: ohkeonogkqut, in caves of the earth, Luke 19, 21, 22.
Heb. 11, 88, =ohkeonogquehtu, Job 30, 6. ohqueneunkqus, adj. terrible. See wnk-
ohkon, n. a skin (dressed or prepared queneunkqussue.

for use; cf. askén, oskén, wuskén ), Lev.
13, 46, 48, 56; 15,17. From ogqunnedt,
to cover, to clothe; cf. hogka, he clothes
himself; wuskon, i. e. wuskeohkon, a
new or undressed skin.) Cf. ménak.

ohquontamoonk, indignation, 2 Cor. 7,

| 1G

-ohtde, -ohtag, -ohteau, in compound
words, that which is of (or which has)

1 ooh as epee the quality or nature of, or belonging to.
ohkonie, adj. made of skins: badgerde j slapd
f een feu, ‘he croucheth’, Ps. 10, 10.
ohkonie, made of badgerskins, Num. 4, | ohtdeu, ‘he crouchet : , Ps. 10,
10, 12, 14; ne teague mattagunne wiskg, | Cntauundt, ahtauundat, v. t. to pos

‘anything (vessel or bottle) of skin’, | to have (in possession), Gen. 23, 9;
J = ; ; KONA 3 2
Ley. 13, 59, =teague hohkanie wiskq, Judg. 18, 9; Neh. 9, 15; Amos 2, 10
v. 58, =ohkonie wiskg, v. 57, =teag- | (ahtoutinat, to have, C. 194; ahteauii-

v Tees ’ 7 ’ Pe

9 ~ I © ay ayy ibi 210:
quodtag, v. 48, =matlagune wishq, v. 49, nat, to spare or preserve, ibid. 210;
=wame ne ohkanayeumk, v.51; hohke- ohto, he hath (it), Mass. Ps.): noh
nie auwohteaonk, all that is made of wadchanont wunnaumoniineuh, ohtau
skins, Num. 31, 20. See ogqunnedit pomantaméonk, ‘he that hath the Son
skins, . 31, 20. See or :

hath life’, 1 John 5, 12: noh

matta ohtoou pomantaméonk, ‘he hath
not life’, ibid.; neg ohtunkeg ohke,
‘who were possessors of lands’, Acts 4,
| 34; nutahtomun.. . wetu, we have . . ,
a house, 2 Cor. 5, 1; ohtauunndt ohke, to
inherit the land, Ex. 23, 30; noh ohtunk,
the owner (suppos.), Proy. 1, 19; howan
ohtunk, who hath? Proy. 23, 29: Ex. 24,
14; ne teaguas ohtunk ketatteamung, ‘any-
thing which is (belongs to) thy neigh-
bor’, Ex. 20,17. It is this verb in the
intransitive form (ohteaw) which Eliot
has most frequently employed to sup-

hkomununk, n. collect. skins; skins of
badgers, Ex. 35, 23; ef. sheepsoskunk,
goatsoskunk, sheepskins, goatskins, Heb.
1a BYf

Ohkq, n. a worm. See whk.

ohkuk, ohkuhk, ahkuhg, n. an (earth-
en) pot or vessel, Job 41, 20, 31; 2 K.
4, 39, 40, 41; pl. + quog, Mark 7, 4:
nippee hassune ahkuhquog, water-pots of
stone, John 2, 6 (ohkuke, a kettle, C.
161).

[Narr. avicuck, a kettle: mishquockuk,

a red (copper) kettle, R. W. 36. ]

ohkukquteaen-in, n. a potter, a maker ply the want of the verb of existence
of pots, Jer. 18, 6. (see Du Ponceau’s notes to Eliot’s
ohpantu, ‘he treadeth on’ (walks upon), Grammar, xxi-xxix, and Pickering’s
inan. obj., Job 9, 8. Supplem. Obsery., xxx-xliv). Thus,
ohpequan, shoulder. See mohpegk. ayeuonk . . . ohtean wuttat Kirjath-jea-
chppeh, ‘I may cast a snare’: (or sup- rim, ‘the place is behind Kirjath-jea-
pos.?) matta woh ohppeh, ‘not that I | rim’, Judg. 18, 12; ohtean, it is, it was,
may cast a snare’, 1 Cor. 7, 35. Cf. | Ex. 40, 38; Matt. 6, 30; pish ohteau, it
appéh. | shall be, Gen. 17, 13; Matt. 6, 21; ohtag,
[MARGINAL NOTE.—“ Wrong.”’] (that) which is, Matt. 5, 14; pish oh-
*ohquae, C. 235, = whqude (on the other taash (inan. pl.), they shall be, Deut.
end), q. v. 6, 6; ohtop, it was, John 1, 1; kutah-
ohquanumo6nat, y. i.an. to forsake. See tauun, thine is, Matt. 6, 13; ahtoow ah-
ahquanumau., toonk, he ‘hath any inheritance’, Eph.
oOhquénumunét, v. i. to be loathsome. | 9, 5; ahtoog, they had (brick, ete. Fe
See vihquanumonat. | Gen. 11, 3; nuppmonk ohteau ohkuhqut,
ohquanupam, on the shore or margin of | there is death in the pot, 2 K. 4, 40;
the sea, Ex. 14, 30, =ohquanu kehtah- na ohtu, nah ohta, there are (there is?),
hannit, Mark 2, 13; ohke . . . ohquan- C. Math. Not. Ind. 52 (nutahtou, nutoht6,
shin may ketahhannit, “land by the way nuttohto, Thave, I possess (it); kutahtoup,

of the sea’, Matt. 4, 15. thou hadst; noh ahtou, he has; nuttahto-

104 BUREAU OF
ohtauunat, ahtauunat—continued.
mun, we have; kuttahtomwa, ye have;

nag ahtoog, they had, C. 194, 226).

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[Del. olhatton or awulatton, he haseor |

possesses, Zeisb. Gr. 158; hatlaii, ‘he |

has, it has, it is there’, ibid. 162; hatte,
Zeish. Voe. 18.]

*ohteak. See *ohteuk.

-ohteau. See -olitde.

ohtedonk, ahtéonk, n. a_ possession:
wutohtuonk, their possession, Gen. 47,
11; wutch ahtéonk, ‘for a possession’,
Ley. 14, 34; machemohtag ohtéonk, an
everlasting possession, Gen. 17, 8.

ohteuhkonat,y. i. tosow or planta field,
Matti 135 35> Leva 26; 53. ley 285 24:
ohtetihkausu, is sown, | Cor. 15, 48, 44.
See ohkehteaundat.

ohteuk, ohteak, n. a field, Matt. 13, 38,
44; land which is cultivated or inclosed,
or to which the idea of ownership or
individual sion attaches (from
ohtawundt or ohtde, and ohke) ; pl. ohteuh-
kénash, Ps. 107, 37; John 4, 35 (ahteuk-
konash, C. 160); wut ohteakonit, in his

poss

[BULLETIN 25

ohtomp, ahtomp—continued.
certainly; gynchews, I kill’), Stiles. Del.
hat ta pe, Zeisb. Voce. 18. Miem. ahpee.
Montagn. achaape. Skoffie mishtasap-
pee. Chip. mitigwab. Powh. attawp, a
bow; attonce, arrows, J. Smith. ]

_ oiohquashadt (?), when he was walking

field, Matt. 18, 31; ut ohteakonit, in the |

field, Ex. 23, 29; utwoskeche ohteakonit, in
the open field, Num. 19, 16; Ley. 14, 53
(ahtéuk, soil, a field, C. 160). See ohke.

ohtohtosu, (is) removed, Job 14,18. See
ontahtawundt.

ohtomp, ahtomp, n.a bow, 2 K. 13, 16; |

Ps. 78, 57: wonkinnau wutohtompe, he
bends his bow (hath bent, Lam. 2, 4) ;
kutahtomp, thy bow, Gen. 27,
kah kéuhquodtash, bow and arrows, 2 Kk.
13, 15; pl. wutohtompeh, wutahtompemoh,
their bows; Jer. 51, 56; 1 Sam. 2, 4; oh-
tompeitcheg, those who carry bows, bow-
men, Jer. 4, 29; noh kénunnont ahtom-
peh, he that handleth the bow, Amos.
2,15; noh nohtuhtunkeg kah potunkan-

3; ohtomp

oncheg ohtompeh, who handle and bend
the bow, Jer. 45, 9. [ohtde-omp, that
which belongs to a man (?)]. See om-
pategash; wonkinonat.

[Abn. nul-
teumpsh, (my) bow: Towaunnemaudno

tanhi. Peq. i’ teump,
waudgunum Ww teump neegau nuckhegunt;
moh-che mussijums mochin teautum eyew
teatum gynchums, ‘i wish I had my bow
and arrows: I think I would [now]
shoot you’ (‘eyew, now; teatum, I think;
moh-che, I will; moche sauguumbe, Vl

along by (or near), Matt. 4, 18, = paum-
wushadt, Mark 1, 16.
6kas, ohkas, @kas, n. mother; con-
struct. é6kasoh, Gen. 21, 21; Matt. 10, 35,
37: ohkasoh Jesus, the mother of Jesus,
John 2, 1; nékas, noakas, my mother,
Matt. 12, 48; Luke 8, 21; kékas, kmkas,
thy mother; Mark 3, 32; Luke 8, 20;
Eph. 6, 2; pl. nokasundénog, our mothers,
Lam. 5, 3; okasinneunk, mothers, (col-
lect. ) all motherhood, Mark 10, 30 (wut-
tookasin, a mother; witchéhwau, her
mother, C. 162). From the radical éu,
om, with a termination marking the
nomen patientis, as wshe, mch does the
nomenagentis. Perhaps the same word
(with animate termination), as ohke,
earth.
[Narr. okdsu, a mother; nokace, nich-
whaw, my mother, R. W. 44.]
okauau, he: negut mkauau, he has one
wife, 1 Tim. 3, 2.
okummes (?) [=6kas-ummisés?], aunt,
father’s brother’s wife: kokummes, ‘thy
aunt’, Ley. 18, 14; kokummus, thy grand-
mother, 2 Tim. 1, 5 (wuttokummissin,
a grandmother, C. 162).
[Del. mu cho mes, grandfather (ait
femina?), Zeisb. Voc. 23. ]
6m, n.a hook (and line), Matt. 17, 27.
*qumati.
[Del. aman, fish-hook, Zeisb. ]

see

| omacheg, n. pl. fishers: neg omdcheg, they

omaenat (?), to fish.
*6mmis, pl. +suog, herring, C. 159.

*omogpeh, ady. almost, C.

who (fish with a hook) ‘cast angle’,
Tsed9yas:

oméden, n. a fisherman; pl. omaenuog,

Ezek. 47, 10. Cf. natamogquaen.

See *aumaiii.

See

aumst-og, ‘a fish somewhat like a her-

ring’, R. W.102. See *munnawhatleaig.
(PENCIL NOTE.—‘* Dim. of auwmauog 2; for

aummésu, depreciative aumish. See note in

R. W. 114.”’]

253; ut 6mog

wame, generally, ibid. 225, 228. Cf.

momanch, at times, now and then.

TRUMBULL]

omohk[inat?], v. i. to rise up, to rise
from sleep (omuhkenate, to arise, C.
180): omohkeu nompodeu, he rose early
in the morning, Ex. 24, 4; omohku, 1

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

K. 3, 20; omohkeog nompode, they rose |

early, Ex. 32,6; 1 Sam. 29,11; omohkeon
(subj.), when I arose, 1 K. 3, 21; noh
omohkit nompéae, he who rises early,
ete., Prov. 27, 14; omkish, arise thou,

Gen. 19, 15; omokema kah nepoma, it |

arose and stood upright (pass. form,
‘was arisen’ and ‘was stood’), Gen.
37, 7 (nuttomuhkem, I arise; nuttomuk-
kémun, we arise, C. 180).

[Abn. aiimikk8, je
somno. ]

me _ leéve, a
omohkinonat, y. t. an. to raise up, an.
obj.; omohkineh, raise thou me up, Ps.
41, 10.
[Abn. Sdaiimikenai, je le fais lever,
je le léve de terre. |
omp, n. man. This word is nowhere
found by itself, and perhaps was al-
ready obsolete when Eliot’s acquaint-

| *ompateg,

ance with the language was commenced; |

but its recurrence in compound words
suffices to fix it as the dialectic name

appropriated, in accordance with Indian |

usage, to the favored race, whose men
were all viri, while those of other tribes

or nations were contemptuously re- |’

garded as even less than homines—
missinnuog, or captives. (See missin;
From this root come, ap-
parently, nompaas (ne-omp-ddas, the
man animal), a male; wosketomp (wos-
kehuae-omp, hurtful or bloody man), a
warrior, or ‘brave’, one who _ bears
arms (see note below); mugquomp
(mogke-omp, great man), a captain;
nunkomp (nunkon-omp, light man?), a
young man, not grown up; penomp

missinnin. )

( penowe-omp ?, a stranger to man, nes- |

cia viri?), a virgin; omskaudnat (for

omp-), to conquer, to put to flight; |

and, perhaps, ompehtedonk (omp-ohtde,
that which belongs to man or to the

conqueror), tribute.

[NorE.—Regarding wosketomp the compiler
notes: ‘This is wrong, but I can not fix the
true meaning of wosket-.’’ This is followed by
a note in pencil: ‘‘ Perhaps NoT wrong. 1883.’’]

ompachissin, ‘the top of it [a ladder]
reached’ (to heaven), Gen. 28, 12.

105

ompamuhquaenat, y. i. to turn one’s self

around, to turn back, to look behind
one: ompamuhquaeu, ‘he turned back’,
2 K. 2, 24; ahque ompamuhquaish, do
not thou look behind thee, Gen. 19,17;
ompadmuhquaéoh, she looked back, v.
26; matia ompamuhquaeog, they look
not back, Jer. 46,5; ompamuquaehtawau,
y.t. he looked back at, Jer. 13, 16. See
nuhquainat.

*ompana[enat?], v. i. to lift one’s self

up, to rise up (as opposed to nawwaenat,
to bow down): ompandeu, he lifted
himself up; ompanamp (pret.), Mass.
Ps., John 8, 7; ompandit, when he lifted
himself up, v. 10.

pl. +-ash, weapons, Mass.
Ps., John 18, 3, =auwohteaongash (?),
El. See auwohteau.

*ompattamunat, ‘to wear clothes out’;
mahtompattamtinat, to wear out; nuim-
mahche ompattam, I did wear; nag woh
ompattamwog, they would wear, C. 215.
See auwohkon.

ompatussinat, to lean upon (ompatis-
sinninat, C.199): noh ompatussin wek, he
leans on his house, Job 8, 15; ompa-
tussinwog, they lean on (him), Mic. 3,
11; ompatussuk, if he lean (or leaning)
on it, 2 K. 5, 18; 18, 21; John 13, 23;
ompatissuna kah anwohhou, ‘the stay
and the staff’, Is. 3,1; ompatissunnmonk,
the stay, ibid.

ompehtede, ompetede, adj. of tribute;
-teaguash, tribute money, Matt. 17, 24.

ompehtedonk, ompwet- (ompeteaonk,
C. 203), n. tribute, Gen. 49, 15; Nun.

31, 28; Matt. 17, 24, 25; ‘toll’, Ezra
4, 20: omp-ohtde, omp-ohtedonk, that
which belongs to men, i.e. masters (?).

See omp. [‘‘ompeht . . . donk, an old

Indian word that signifies obedience

by giving any 2’, C. 155 (partly

illegible in his manuscript).] See om-
wunndonk.

ompénat, y. i. to be loose, unbound,
free, 1 Cor. 7, 27: ompéan, if thou be
loosed (or free) from, ibid.; noh oim-
peneau. wutch, she is loosed from (the

law), Rom. 7, 2.

ompeneatsu, adj. (was) loosed, Mark
7, 35; pl. an. +-0g, Dan. 3, 25.

106 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

-ompeneénat, v. t. an. to loose or unbind
an. obj. (ompinnednat, to release, Luke
23, 20); = ponanaudnat (see ponanan):
wutémpinneuh, he loosed him (from
bonds), Ps. 105, 20 [-neouh for -neuh(?)];
Acts 22, 30; ompinneau, he looseth (the
prisoners), Ps. 146, 7; ompinneuk, loose
ye him, Matt. 21, 2; kutompenimanu-
naout, ‘I (to) release unto you’, i. e.
I to cause to be unbound to you,
Matt. 27, 21; ompin (?), loose thyself,
Teno 2e2!

-ompenumunéait, vy. t. to loose, to unbind,

Rey. 5, 2: ompeneum, he looseth (the |

bonds), Job 12, 18; ompenim nuppe-
munneat, he has loosed my cord, Job
30, 11; ompinimunash, they are untied,
loosed, Is. 33, 24.
[Narr. atimpanish, untie this; awm-
paniimmin, to undo a knot, R. W. 54.]
-ompetag, -ak, adv. afterward, after
that, Josh. 24, 5; Ps. 73, 24; Neh. 6, 10;
Mark 4, 28: wutch ompetak, for the time
to come, the future, Is. 42, 23 (‘shortly’,
C. 230).
ompetede. See ompehtede.
ompetedonk. See ompehtedonk.
ompontinnumunat mag@onk, to send
an offering (or tribute, homage), 1 Sam.
6, 3: nish ompontinumauogish wutch
magmonk, which things ye return him
for an offering, 1 Sam. 6, 8.

ompochanumunat (ompachénat, y. i.?

to roll, C. 206): wutompachanumadnt |

qussuk, to roll away the stone, Gen.
29,8 [i. e. to remove the obstruction(?),
ompenumundt and wutche (2) J.

*ompomchenat, y. to roll, C. 206.

*omppuwussueonknunkquat, n. vice,
C. 165.

ompsk, ompsq, in compound words, a
stone or rock; equivalent in some cases
to qussuk, in others to hassun. See ke-
nompsq (a sharp stone, under kénai),
wanashquompskqut (the top of a rock),
togwonkanompsk (a millstone, under
togguhwonk), kussohkoi-ompsk (a high
pointed rock), ete. Not used in Eliot’s
Bible except in compound words; but
missitche ompsqut (obj. ), ‘a great stone’,
is in Samp. Quinnup., p. 156. The pri-
mary meaning seems to be an upright
(ompaé) rock or stone (p’sk). Eliot has:

ompsk, ompsq—continued.

pasipskkodt-ut [pahsu-p’sk], ‘in a cleft
of therock’, Ex. 33, 22; agwepassompsko-
déhtu, ‘ander the [eleft upright] rocks’,
Is. 57, 5; woskeche piskuttu, (from) ‘the
top of the rocks’, Num. 23, 9; ut atto-
che pishkodtut, ‘on a crag of the rock’,
Job 39, 21; kenugke pumipskquehtu, (of
river courses) ‘among the rocks’, Job
28, 10; kussampskéiyeuut, ‘on (high)
rocks’ (or on a high rocky place), Jer.
4, 29; chippipskut, “upon a rock’ under
water, Acts 27, 29; mamossompsquehtu,
in ‘gravel’ (?), Is. 48, 19; wutch woske-
chepiskquttu, ‘from the top of the
rocks’, Num. 23, 9 (sing. woskechepiskq,
on the top of a rock, Ezek. 24, 7).

| ompskot, n.: nequt-ompskot, ‘a penny’,

Matt. 22,19; Mark 12, 15; Rev. 6, 6
(ompskod, a penny, C. 203; ompskotash,
pence, Ind. Laws, u, p. 3). Cf. nequt-
ompskinaushettit, ‘of a span long’ (pl.);
nequt omskinausu ne sahleag, ‘a span
shall be the length of it’, Ex. 28, 16.
[Narr. nequittompscat, 1 penny (that

is, a penny’s worth of wampan; prob-
ably a measure of length); neesadimscat,
2 pence; yowdmscat, 4 pence; qutta-
tashatimscat, 6 pence (= quttauatu, quat-
tuatu; nee =2 quattuatues, =12 pence,
or a shilling); piickquat (10 qudttua-
tues), 60 pence, = quitatashincheck aum-
scat, =nquittémpeg, or nquitnishcatisu,
1 fathom of their stringed money;
neesaumpatigatuck, 2 fathoms = 10 shil-
lings, etc.; neesaumsqussayi, 2 spans of
wampan; yowompscussay!, + spans, etc.,
R. W. 128, 135.]

ompsq. See ompsk.

{[-ompu: en wompu, he looks. Cf. Chip.
ont waub, to see. ]

*ompuwussutonk, n.: aiontogkoie ompu-
wusstionk, craft or guile, C. 165.

ompweteaénu-in, n. a tributary, Lam.
1, 1; pl. ompeteaenuog, Judg. 1, 30.

ompwetedonk. See ompehtedonk.

ompwunndonk. See omwunnionk.

ompwunnit: noh ompwunnit, ‘a raiser
of taxes’, an imposer of tribute (?),
Dan. 11, 20.

ompwunno6nat, v. t. to pay tribute to,
Mark 12, 14; Luke 23, 2: pish kutémp-
wunnukquog, they shall be tributaries
[pay tribute] to you, Deut. 20, 11;

TRUMBULL]

ompwunnonat—continued.
wutompunukouh, they were tributaries
to them, Judg. 1, 33; wutompwunwh,
(he) gave him presents, paid tribute,
POMS WG Bt,

omskauO6nat, y. t.an. to prevail over,
to put to flight: pish omskauwéog, they
shall chase, put to flight, Ley. 26, 8;

omskosu, he prevailed in battle, was |

the conqueror, Ex. 17,11; wutomskauoh,
he chased him, Judg. 9, 40.

omwunndonk, ompw-, n. tribute (paid |

or referred to the payer), Num. 31, 37,
38, 39. See ompehtedonk.

Onag. See dunag.

‘Onadt, auonat, y. t. to go to a place or
object, Eccl. 7, 2; Jer. 37,12. See ex-
amples under aii, to which add ontuh,

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

let us go to, 1 Sam. 11, 14; Luke 2, 15; |

ongq, go ye, Matt. 21, 2; Josh. 2, 16.
Cf. amundt.

-onatuh, adv. as, like, Ps. 78, 15, 27, 65;
onatuh netatuppe, as o.9
Proy. 26, 9 (construed with the suppos.

mood for unne toh, as though, as when). |
Caus. verb subst. onatuheyeum (‘he took |

on him’), he made himself like, Heb.
2, 16.

onch, conj. yet, notwithstanding that,
Ex. 9, 17; Eccl. 1, 7; Hos. 9, 16; ohn-
chikoh, but yet, Rom. 5, 7; ohnch, Is.
14,1 (=onk, with form of imperat. 3d
pers. singular or absolute participle).
See gut.

oncheteau. See onchteau.

oncheteauun, ‘revised’ or ‘corrected’
(as used in title-page of Rawson’s revi-
sion of Eliot’s translation of Samp.
Quinnup., 1689): onchheaog wuthashab-
pouh, they mended their nets, Mark
1, 19; onchteauunat wek, to repair his

house, 2 Chr. 24, 12; 34, 10; oncheteau-

unat, 2 Chr. 24,5. See onchtean.

-onchittamauonat (?), y. i. to chew the
cud (?); cf. kohkodhumaii. onchittamau,
it chews the cud, Ley. 11, 4, 5, 6; on-
chittamont, part., cheweth the cud, Ley.
11, 3, =kohkodhumont, Deut. 14, 6;
anchittamoncheg, pl. they which chew,
ete., Ley. 11, 4,—=skohkodhumoncheg,
Deut. 14, 7; matta onchittamaum, he does
not chew, Ley. 11, 7,=matta kohkod-
huméou, Deut. 14, 8,

107

onchteau, oncheteau, he amends (it) ;
suppos. 2d pl. oncheteadg, if ye amend
(your ways), Jer. 7,5; onchteomk, amend
ye (your ways), v. 3; onchetée, amended,
title-page of second ed. of Indian Bible.
See oncheteauun.

onchteodonk, n. a repairing, repair: onch-
tedonk wek, the repairing of the house,
2 Chr. 24, 27.

onchteunk, part.: ohchteunk pokgshunk,
the repairer of (he who repairs) the
breach, Is. 58, 12.

ongkome, ogkomai, prep. on the other
side of, Josh. 24, 2, 3 (its adversative is
sometime y6da/, 2 Sam. 2,13): ogkomde,
on the other side (of the way), Luke
10, 31, 32; ogkomde pummeneutunkanit,
on the other side of the wall, Neh. 4,
13 (‘behind the wall’); nag ogkomut
sepuut, (to) those beyond the river,
Neh. 2,7. See acawmen(dakit). ogko-
muk [= Accomac] Jordan, (that which
is) beyond Jordan, Matt. 4, 15.

[Abn. ajigSaiimek, en dela. Quir. ak-
kémmuk kathans, over the seas, Pier. 10.
Cree akdmik, across, on the other side.
Del. gamunk, over there, the other side
of the water; achgameu, over against,
Zeisb. ]

ongkoue, prep. beyond (El. Gr. 21), 1
Sam. 20, 37: wutuhshame .. . ongkoue,
onthisside . . . onthatside or beyond
(the river), Josh. 8, 33; aongkézie, ut-
most, farthest off, Deut. 30, 4; Jer. 9, 26;
25, 23; mmup aongkouoh komut, ‘come
from the uttermost parts of the earth’,
Matt. 12,42; en aongkoue, to the furthest
(‘utmost’), Deut. 34, 2 (onkkoue, C. 168);
ongkoue, behind, 1 Sam. 21, 9. See
wutuhshame.

ongquomonat. See onkquommommmonk.

onk, conj., a particle which nearly an-
swers to the Greek 67), and is com-
monly used in the continuation of a re-
cital or for connecting parts of a propo-
sition or members of a sentence less
closely and directly than by kak. It is
sometimes put for ‘and’, Gen. 20, 12, 13;
Matt. 18, 5; elsewhere for ‘so’, ‘so
that’, Ps. 78, 20, 29. anue onk wame,
more than all, 1 Chr. 16, 20; anue mis-
suken onk neen, he is more great than I,

108 BUREAU OF
onk—continued.
Mark 1, 7; missi onk, greater than,
Mark 4, 32 (onkne, besides, C. 234).
[Was it originally the same as wonk ?]
onkaeese, adv. (dimin. of ongkoue), a
little farther, Acts 27, 28.
[Narr. awwassése, R. W. 55.)
onkapunanittuonk, n. torment
dured; referred to the subject), Rev.
9 ox. 1, 13, 14 (‘rigor’). See au-
wakompandonk.
onkapunanonat, onkapunnonat, v. t.
an. to torment, to torture: awutonka-
punnondout, to torment them, Rev. 9,
5; ahque onkapunaneh, torment me not,
Luke 8, 28. Pass. onkapunnandéog, they
were tortured, Heb. 11, 35.
kompunnassu.
onkapunndnittue, adj. and adv. cruel,
severe, Heb. 11, 36 (with reference to
the subject or victim).
onkapunndonk, n. torment,
cruelty [inflicted; referred
agent], Rev. 9, 5 (3d pers. pl.).

79;

Cf. anwa-

torture,
to the

onkatog, adj. another, Deut. 28, 30: pasuk

. . « onkatog,one . theother, Deut.
21, 15; ketasswt ayeuhkonont wonkatogeh
ketassotoh, a king going to war against
another king, Luke 14, 31 (here -on-
katog has the prefix of 3d_pers., ‘his
other’ (?), and objective affix); pl. on-
katogig (vinkatak, Pier. 14). From onk
or wonk.

*onkatoganit, conj. otherwise, C. 234.

*onkatuk, onkne, conj. besides, C. 234.

onkauoht, onkauohteau, onkauwoht,
n. ashadow, Gen. 19,8; 2 K. 20,9; Is.

99 9

S2ae:

onkauwonkqut, ‘behind
66, 17.

onkhumunat (onkwhdnat, an.), v. t.
(1) to put one thing above another, to

(2) to hide. See puttogham.

onkwhau, he hideth (it), Prov. 27, 16;

nutonkhum nuskesuk, I hide my face,

a tree’, Is.

cover.

Deut. 31, 18; onkwhont, part. hiding,
Prov. 27, 16; onkwhosik, unkwhosik, (it)
is covered by, Proy. 26, 23, 26 (nuttonk-
hiimun nuhhog, 1 cover (myself), C.
187).

[Cree uckwinnahum, he covers it,
Howse 45; uckwiinnawayoo, he covers
him, ibid. 45, 83.]

onkne. See *onkatuk.

(en-

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

*onkqueneunkque, adj. cruel, C.

(BULLETIN 26

onkouohtde, adj. shady: —— mehtug-

quash, Job. 40, 22.

onkquanumo@onk, n. sorrow, physical

pain, Nah. 2, 10. See onkquommom-
maonk; unkquanumoonk.
onkquatunk, n. a recompense, Is. 35, 4;
wut , his recompense, Job 15, 31
(onkquatonk, wages or reward, C. 203).
160; ohk-

*onkqueekho, n. a hat, C.

quontapape, cap, C. 239.
[Narr. saunketippo or ashénaquo, a hat

or cap, R. W. 107.)

168;
severe, p. 175.

onkquequohhou, -ho, n.a veil, Ex. 34,
33; 2 Cor. 3, 14. See puttogquequohhou.

onkquequohhou, ‘he covered his face’

(with it), Is. 6, 2.

| onkqunnésog, n. pl. claws: wonkqunné-

Dimin.
See miuhkos.

sog, their claws, Zech. 11, 16.
from uhquon, a hook.
onkquohquodt, (it is) ‘lowering’, Matt.
16, 3. See kuppohquodt, (when it is)
cloudy weather; *onndhquat, raining, C.
[Del. achgumhocquat, it is cloudy
weather, Zeisb. Gr. 162; ach gum hok,
cloudy, Zeisb. Voe. 13.]
onkquommommoonk, n. sorrow, Gen.
3, 16; pain, ‘torment’, Matt. 4, 24.
See onkquanummonk; unkquanumaonk.
onkquommomwe, adj. sorrowful, in sor-
row, Gen. 3, 16, 17. See unkque.
onkquosketutieonk, n. poisoning, Ps. 58,
4. See vihquosket.

| onkquottednat, vy. t. an. (1) to recom-

pense (a person ): onkquotteau, he recom-
pensed (them), Proy. 26, 10; neh pish
wutonkquatauoh, he will recompense
her, Jer. 51, 6; kuppapasku onkquatonsh
{-oush?], I will render to you double,
Zech. 9, 12; unonquaték, recompense ye
(her), Rey. 18, 6;
queég, as she has recompensed you, ibid.
(2) to hire, to pay wages: kutonkquat-
oush, I will give thee hire, 1 K. 5, 6;
yeu kah yeu onkquatoe nuttinhikqun, ‘thus
and thus he dealeth with me’ (pays
me such wages), Judg. 18, 4. See
annonait (2).

(Narr. kuttainckquittaunch, I will pay
you; kummuchickénckquatous, I will pay
you well; tocketaonckquittiinnea, what
will you give me? R. W, 72; kutteatia

neyan onkquatunk-

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 109

| onquottantamundt—continued.

onkquottednat—continued.
commeinsh, ‘I will give
money?’, p. 135. ]

onkqussohhou, n. the cover or ‘lid’ (of
a chest, 2 K. 12, 9).

onkup[pe], n. strong drink, Is. 5, 11, 22;
Proy. 20,1, =manuhkag wuttattaméonk,

you your

Ley. 10, 9, =menuhke wuttattamdonk, |

Num. 6, 3; onkuppe, Prov. 31, 4, 6.
[Abn. a‘k8bi, boisson forte, Rasles
Del. achewon, strong, spirituous, Zeisb.
Gr. 167.]
onkwheg, n. =onkwhonk; pl. + ash, cov-
ers to dishes, etc., Num. 4, 7.

onkwhongane, adj. covering, Num. 4, 5.

onkwhonk, n. a covering, Num. 4, 6,
10, 14; a screen or curtain, v. 25, 26:
wulch mishehtash, a covert from the tem-
pest,’ Is. 32, 2; pl. onkwhongash, cover-
ings, Proy. 31, 22. See puttogham.

onkwhosuonk, n. that which makes a
cover or covers; pl.-ongash, Ex. 25, 29.

¥onndhquat (?), ‘raining’, C. 222. Cf.
wunnohquodt, fair weather.
[Narr. dnaquat, rain, R. W.83. Del.

alhacquot, ‘it rains a general rain (over

a large surface of country)’, Zeisb. Gr.
161; ‘stormy, rainy weather’, Zeisb.
Voce. 14.
6noquesuonk, ana-, n. a joint; pl. -on-
gash, Cant. 7,1; Eph. 4, 16.
d6nouwussu, adj. lean, Ezek. 34, 20 [from
@nou-weyaus, low [hollow] flesh (?)]:
muceyauseé wees pish drauwusseumo, ‘the
fatness of his flesh shall wax lean’, Is.
17, 4; ianduwussuog, ianauwussitoheg
(an. pl.), Gen. 41, 3, 4; dnawwusstie, C.
GPA
[Narr. nandwwussu, it is lean, R. W.
143.]

onquontmwonédit, vy. i. to roar, as a wild

beast: pish onquontawau, he shall roar,
Is. 42, 13; nutogquontmawomun, we roar,
Is. 59, 11; pish ogquontm@aog wuske qun-
nonouut, they shall roar like a young
lion, Is. 5, 29 (=nehnehteau(og), Hos.
11, 10).

onquottantamunat, v. t. to recompense

or reward; (inan. obj.) to repay: noh |
woh onkquottantam, he will recompense |

(it), Job. 34, 33;

nutonkquadtantam, I

will recompense (it), Jer. 16, 18; ahque |

onkquték, do not recompense (evi! for

evil), Rom. 12, 17; onkquatontaj, let him
recompense (thy work), Ruth 2, 12.

onsapinnedt. See ontapimneat.

ontahtauunat, y. i. to be moved, Jer.
24,9; to be in a state of motion or to
be made to move from one place to
another, passively [sometimes transi-
tive, to move or impart motion to: wu-
tontalaiunat, with prefix of 3d pers., to
remove it, Gen. 48, 17]: *matta ontah-
tdunwut (pass. neg.), not to be moyed,
1 Chr. 16, 30; pish ontohteau, it shall be
removed, Ezek. 7, 19; sun woh qussuk
ontahtauun, shall the rock be removed?
Job 18, 4; pish ontahtawun, it shall be
removed from its place, Is. 22, 25; que-
nohtag ontohteau, the foundation moved
[was moved], 2 Sam. 22, 8; agwu oh-
tagish wadchuash ohtahtaash, the foun-
dations of the mountains were moved,
Ps. 18, 7; nat pish ohtohtano, it shall not
be moved, Ps. 96, 10.

{*Note.—‘* Wrong. This is a different verb.
See ontatatiunat.”’}

[Cree (1) a't-astayoo (inan. ), he is, or
is lying, in another place; (2) @t-athayoo
(an.), “he ali-ates, puts, him in an-
other place, removes him’; (3) @t-
ootayoo, he goes elsewhere, ‘removes ’,
Howse 157. Chip. (1) aund/-ahtd, (2)
ood’ aund’-assdun, (3) aund’-oota, ibid. ]

*ontaneehkinneat, to step; nuttontdnéh-
tip, I step, C. 210. Cf. ontanu.

ontapinnedt, onsap-, ontsap-, v.i. to be

removed to another place (with refer-
ence to change of place without the ac-
tion, volition, or power of independent
motion of the object moved); with pre-
fix of 3d pers. wutontapéinat, (he) to be
moved, 1 Thess. 3, 3: God néeu appu,
matta pish ontappu, God is in the midst
of her, she shall not be moved, Ps. 46
nag pish ontappuog, they shall move,
Mic. 7, 17; matta ontappéog, they may

9,

not be moved, 2 Sam. 7, 10; ontapush,
ontsapish, ‘be thou removed’, Matt. 21,
21; Mark 11, 23; onsappineau, onsap-
puog, Num. 33, 5, 6, 7, 8, ete. (antsa-
pinneat, ontsahtauunat, to move, to move
one’s house, C. 202; nutantstap, Lmove;
nutantsepimun, we move, ibid.; tohwaj
ontootaan, why do you remove? ibid.
239).

110

ontapinneat, etc.—continued.

[Cree at-dp-uw (an.), ‘he other-sits,
changes his seat’, Howse 156. Chip. |
aund/-ahbeh, ibid. ]

ontash6nat, y. t. an. to remove or move
from place to place (to be remoyed(?),
Ezek. 23, 46): ontashau, he removeth
(them), Dan. 2, 21; wutontahshuh, he
removed them, Gen. 47, 21; he re-
moved him, Acts 7, 4. Cf. *dteshem; |
a@tshoh. |

ontatatiunat, y. t. to move (an inan.
obj.), Gen. 48, 17 (with prefix of 3d)
pers. ): ontatoush kusseet, remove thy foot,
Proy. 4, 27 (ontattaush, Luke 22, 42);
ontah (?) dhkon, remove (it) not, Proy.
23,10; noh ontattunk, he who removeth,
Deut. 27, 17; matta pish kutontatléoh,
thou shalt not remove (it), Deut. 19, 14;
nowtahtah, remove (it) far from me,
Proy. 30, 8 (antsapinneat, ontsahtauunat,
to move, to move one’s house, C. 202).
Cf. ontahtawundt.

[Cree wt-astéw (inan.), he removes
it, Howse 156. Chip. aund’-
ahtéon, ibid.]

ontchet6e, amended. Title-page of sec-
ond ed. of Indian Bible.

onthamunéat, vy. i. to put out, to quench,
to extinguish, as a fire, lamp, or candle
(cf. notau vihtea, the fire goes out, Prov.
26, 20; wequananteg matta ohtam, the
candle does not go out, Prov. 31, 18;
waban otshoh, the wind bloweth) : nag
ontohwhéog, they are quenched, Is. 48,
17 (ontah-, Ps. 118, 12); matta pish oh-
tan, it (anger) shall not be quenched,
2 Chr. 34, 25 ( ontina@, 2 K. 22,
17); matta pish onthamoun, it shall not
be quenched, Is. 34, 10; 66, 24; matta |
dutanok, not to be quenched, Luke
3, 17; nag onthamwog, they quench —
(coals), 2 Sam. 14, 7; ulnthamwog no-
teau, they quenched the fire, Heb. 11,
34; pass. pish onthamun, it shall be put |
out, Proy. 18, 9; notaw . . matta pish
onthamaun, the fire shall not be put out, |
Ts. 34, 10; 66, 24; Lev. 6,12. See uhtap-
patauunat.

ontonu, adv.: ontanu penushau, he fell
backward, 1 Sam. 4, 18, = antw@shau (an-
tooshaog, they fell backward, Is. 28, 13).
Cf. *ontaneehkinneat.

*ontmwaonk: tanneontowdonk, a hoarse
voice, C. 171. See ayeuteaontawaonk. |

ood’

See onchteau.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

| ontsappinneat.

[BULLETIN 25-

See ontapinnedt.

ontseonk, n. offspring: nutontseonk, my
offspring, Job 31, 8; wut , his or
their offspring, Job 21, 8.

ontseu, he descends, proceeds from, he
is the offspring of: wanne ontseu, ‘with-
out descent’, Heb. 7, 3 (see wutont-
seonk); neg ontsécheg wutch Jacob, ‘they
that come of Jacob’, Is. 27, 6; ontsetcheg,
they which issue from (them), 2 K. 20,
18; nutonsem, I proceed from, John 8, 42;.
ohhontsedg wutch machuk en machukut,
‘they proceed from evil to evil,’ Jer. 9, 3.
Cf. mmunét (indice. Ist sing. nwm).

-ontup, in compound words, head. See
chepiontup; kodtantupont; *uppaquéntup;
wompontupont; wuskonéntup. Cf. Abn.
Step.

*onuhqushakomuk, ‘a house of mer-
chandise’ (?), Mass. Ps., John 2, 16.
6d6nt6hkonauonat, eiantuhk-, eian-
togk-, etc., v. t. an. to mock at. to de-
ride; eiontogkonaog, they scoff at (him),
Hab. 1, 10; kuttééntéhkoneh, thou mock-
est me, Num. 22, 29; nag noche wut-
téontéhkonéuh, they began to mock him,
Luke 14, 29 (see momonehtaiiaii); an.
act. i. déntogkkossu, he mocks, is mock-
ing, Judg. 16, 9,13. Vhbl. n. 66ntohkus-

smwaen, a mocker, Job 17, 2.
dontémuk, t6untomuk, n. the womb,
matrix, Ex. 13, 2; 12,15; 34, 19; Num.
8, 16: wutch déontomukqut, from the
womb, Jer. 1,5 (dlémuk, Exp. Mayhew;.
wuttontomikqut, C. 158).

*opponenauhock (Narr.), n. pl. oysters,
R. W. 103; uponuhpug (Narr.), Stiles;
apinnyhaug (Peq.), ibid.; chiinka,
apwonnah, an oyster, C. 159, From
apwonat (to roast) and hog, wuhhog
(shell-fish ).

opwosu. See appmsu.

*osacontuck (Narr.), ‘a fat sweet fish,
something like a haddock’, R. W. 103.
Perhaps the pollack (Merlangus pur-
pureus, Mitch.) or hake (Merluccius
vulgaris, Cuy. ), more often called ‘whit-
ing’. Possibly the same as ‘aguaunduut,
blue fish’ (Peg. ), Stiles.

| oshkoshqui, adj. green: oshkoshqut, as

97 9

the green herb, Ps. 37, 2. See ash-

koshqui.

| *osk6n, n. a hide, C. 156; a skin. See

askén; wuskén.

*oskosk, grass, C. 160. See moskeht.

TRUMBULL]

6smwunnumunat, v. t. to change, Dan.
7, 25; Jer. 2,36: dsawunwm wuthogkaun-
ash, he changed his clothes, Gen. 41,
14; matta wutdsomwunoh, he does not
change it, Ley. 27, 10 (ésawunont, if he
change, an. obj., Lev. 27, 10);
nutohdsue ussu, ‘I change not’, Mal. 3,6;
dsmwemo, it changes, it is changed,
Lam. 4, 1.

ossdeposu, he slideth back, Hos. 4, 16;
asséepésue, adj. backsliding, Hos. 4, 16.
Cf. assévishaii, he goes backward.

otan, n. a town, a ‘city’, Gen. 4, 17;
Josh. 8, 19, 21; pl. + ash, Gen. 19, 29;
2 Pet. 2,6. See kehtotan, a great town.

[Narr. ofan, the town, pl. oldnash;
otanick, to the town, R. W. 120. Del.
u te ney (wu te niimk, in town), Zeisb.
Voe. 31.]

otanemes, n. dim. for ofan, a village,
Matt. 21, 2; pl. + ash, Is. 42, 11; Luke
IBY Pay.

*6teshem (Narr.): welwémuck noteshem,
I came from the house; acdwmuck note-
shem, I came over the water; ndwwa-
tucknéteshem, I came from far; tucké-
teshana, whence came you? R. W. 28;
tunna wutshatiock, whence come they?
ibid. 29. See wtshoh; wadchinat.

*6u, well (it is well), C. 227. See *6.

ouwan, n. mist, vapor, Gen. 2, 6; Job

36, 27.

matta

[Abn. a8anis, il fait brouillard; a8a- |

nebégat, surlariviére. Chip. awdani-
bissa, it drizzles, Bar. 533; awdn, it is
foggy, ibid. 532. Del. awonn, fog, Zeisb.
Voe. 7.]

ouwassu, he warms or warmed himself,
Ts. 44, 16. See awwassu.

owanux. See howan.

owohkontmau. See aiwohkintmdu.

owohshaog, n. the hawk, Deut. 14, 15.
See mashquanon; quanunon.

Owonogkuog, y. i. 3d pers. pl. they
‘have holes’, they burrow, Matt. 8, 20,
= awonogkoog, Luke 9,58. See wénogq.

*Owwepinnue, ady. calmly, C. 227
auwépin.

-@-, an inseparable negative particle,
interposed between the radical and the
last syllable, or the suffix, of affirmative
verbs, to constitute the negative form:
wwadchanumun, he keeps it; mwad-
chanuma@un, he does not keep it, or, as
more commonly found, matta mwad-

7. See

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|
|
|

|

wali

-o- —continued.
chanumoun (with a double negative).
The negative m enters into the com-
position of several words other than
verbs of negation, as wanne (q. v.),

@-anne, none. Cf. howan, someone;
unneu, ete.
| och, mtch, ady. out of, forth from,

thence: na wtch sohhamun, there went
forth from, Num. 11, 31; na @ch sohha-
mun, ‘he went out from thence’, 1 Kk.
12, 25; na mech qushken, thence he re-
turned, 2 K. 2, 25; mtcheun, he made
from (it), Gen. 2, This is one of
the most important radicals of the lan-
guage, denoting origin, source, causa-
tion: ef. na otch (noche), therefrom;*
kaoch, kaoche, kutche, which denote ori-
gin and progress, though often used by
Eliot for whence kutche or
kéhehe, chief; kehchis, old; kutchissik,
the beginning (of action, etc.), and the
perhaps identical qwutche as a preposi-
tion (from, out of, for). ash, a father,

noche;

and wkas, 6kas, a mother, and perhaps
ohke, the earth, have apparently the
same origin; hence, too, mchetuonganog,
parents, etc.; also wutch, wutche: mo teag
wutch, without cause, 1 Sam. 19, 5,=
mat teag wutech, Lam. 3, 52,=wanne
monteag wutch, Ps. 35, 7,=wulch mon-
teag, ibid.; nenan wutche, for the same
cause, Phil. 2, 18.

(*NoTe.—After ‘“‘na mlch (noche), there-
from’’, in the manuscript, occurs the following:
““mo otche (mache and, with a slightly altered
form and meaning, mahche), thence-after (the
sign of the pluperfect tense).’’ In the margin
thisismarked “omit’’, and a footnote explains
that ‘“‘mache, for mods ctche, with reference to
a future, implies obligation or necessity. See
mooche.’’}

See wutche.

[Cree and Chip. See Howse, Cree
Gr., pp. 166, 289, 291.]
@chaus, Ochaas, n. a fly, Eccl. 10, 1;
Is. 7, 18. Cf. mosiihq.
[Del. wu tsche, Zeisb. Voc. 1
atschéwak, ibid. 31.]
@cheinnat, y. i. to be weaned, Gen.
21, 8; wcheninop, he was weaned, Gen.
ERS:
mchetuonganog, pl. parents: wcheluon-

pl.

guh (constr.) his parents, Luke 2, 27,
=wutchetuonguh (obj.), Luke 18, 29;

kachetuonganméog, your parents, Luke-
21, 16; Eph. 6, 1.

Wa BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 20

@chiinneat, y. p. to be advantaged or
profited (wutchiinneat, Is. 47, 12): leag
nachiin, what advantage will it be to
me? what am I profited? Job 35, 3;
malta nochiéin, it profited me not, Job
33, 27; teaguas keachiyimwo, what are

you profited? Hab. 2,18; mchiin, (it) is

profitable, Eccl. 10, 10; woh aechiin, it
may profit, Job 35, 8; nish matta pish
kochiéinash, these things shall not profit

thee, Is. 57, 12; nish matta wadchiyeu-

| omunat, wamunat—continued.

mukish, things which can not profit (be |

profitable), 1 Sam. 12, 21; wanne teag
wutchieu, it profiteth nothing, Job 34, 9.
Cf. @tcheun, he made from (it).
o@hk, mohkq, 6hkq, n. a worm, Job 17,
14-24, 20%) 20, (6: \(—=askook;, Ps.22% 6);
pl. whquaog, Is. 14, 11; w@hqou, it bred
worms, Ex.16, 20; askk@kinassog, worms,
Deut. 28, 89 (askwkse, dimin. askwk, Is.
41, 14); oohke, C. 156. See askak.
[Del. mooeh-we, Zeisb. Voc. ]
@mhomous, n. a little owl, Ley. 11, 17,
=hkaokwkhomwem, Deut. 14, 16. See
kahkokhaus.
[Narr. ohémous, an owl, R. W. 85.)
@hquaeu. See uhqude.
@kas. See dkas.

omsinneat, Mmussinneat, y. i. to go

or come down, to moye downward.
See wamsinnedt.

ommunat, wamunat, vy. i. to go or come
from (cf. aii, v. i. he goes thither; péyau,
he comes hither): @mun, wm, wam, he
goes or comes, went or came, 2 Chr. 1,

13; Job 37, 9; Prov. 14, 16; Dan. 8, 5; na

mmun, he went thence, 2 K. 2, 25; Gen.
20, 1; 35, 21; wmmwog, they journeyed
(went), Gen. 35, 16 (went from, Num.
33, 5, 18, 17, ete.); tunoh kam, toh
kamun, whence comest thou? Gen. 16,
8; Job1, 7; tohnoh komwm, whence come
ye? Gen. 42, 7 (tohhunn@m kam kekit,
when did you come from home? C. 185);
ongk, go ye to, from énat, audnat, Matt.
21,2; Josh. 2,16 (more commonly mon-
chek); (nutt6m nummissinninneumut, L go
to my people, Num. 24, 14; pish nutom
wuhhogkat, I shall go to him, 2 Sam. 12,
23; kutémun, we are going, Num. 10, 29;)
with inan. nom., wmaw nannummiyeu,
it cometh (is come) out of the north,
Jer. 46, 20; pish omwog wutch wuhhogkat,
‘they shall be of her’, i.e. proceed from

her, Gen. 17, 16; wnm@ (there) pro-
ceeds out of (inan.), Mark 7, 21; mmama,
there came out of (the cloud a voice),
Luke 9, 35 [kuht@nog é6ma, a ship was
going to (from auénat, énat), Jonah 1, 3];
amup aongkouohkomuk, (she) camefrom
the uttermost parts, etc., Matt. 12, 42;
ahque amogk, depart not from, Acts 1, 4;
nutonsem kah nom Godut, ‘I proceeded
forth and came from God’, John 8, 42;
noh nomun, lam from him, John 7, 29.
The Mass. Ps. substitutes é6mau (aum-
mau) for Eliot’s au, he went to, where
obj. isinan. Derivatives: pomohhamunat
(pummoh, the sea), to go by water; soh-
hamunat, to go forth; wdmunat, wému-
nat (womaenat?): enmayut newdman, ‘in
the way by which thou camest’ (mayest
come, i. e. mayest come from), Is. 37,
29; ne wimeouk wutch, ‘that proceedeth
out of’ (that may come from), Deut. 8,
3; wowouk (for womeuk?) kesukqut, (it)
may come from heaven, 2 Pet. 1, 18;
howan yeuoh wag Edom, (suppos.) ‘who
is this that cometh from Edom? Is.
63, 1 (noh wag Godul, (who art) come
from God, Mass. Ps., John 3, 2); uttoh
womomp, Whence I came, John 8, 14
(uttuh wamouk, ‘whence it cometh’,
Mass. Ps., John 3,8); «sq yeu wamaomp,
before I go (hence), Job 10, 21; waik
Judea, when he came out of Judea,
John 4, 54. See wadchinat.

{Nore.—The terms and their definitions in
heavy parentheses above are marked with the
marginal note, ‘from auondt, 6ndt."’]

{Narr. mishoon hémiock, they go by
water (by boat), R. W. 74; lénna co-
watim, whence came you?; yd nowatim,
IT came that way, ibid. 28. Del. noom,
koom, wun, I, thou, he comes from
thence, Zeisb. Abn. i8men, je viens de
la; subj. Sma; Séghé, venant, etc. ]

| mnanumau. See wunndrnunanu.

ane, ona, = wuiiie, q. V.

| onetuonk. See munneluonk.

on6i, mnée, adj. blue, Esth. 1, 6: andé-

agk, onéag, blue (cloth), Ex. 38, 18, 23;
2 Chr. 2,7; =a@ndénag; pl. wndiyeuash,
Esth. 1, 6.

[Roger Williams gives Narr. peshavii,
blue (p. 154), but that is apparently
identical with uppéshau,a flower. Pos-

TRUMBULL]

noi, Onéde—continued.
sibly the Indian who taught him the
word, having misunderstood his ques-
tion, gave him the name of the object
to which his attention was called in-
stead of its color. Cotton gives peshai,
blue (168); uppéshou, a flower (160);
(168). Cf.
Arab. zahr, a flower; az/rek, blue. ]
‘nou, wndi, adj. deep. Except in com-
pound words, it has always the defini-
tive prefix, mandi, probably to dis-
tinguish it from ondi, blue (the color of
deep water); and for the same reason
the m’ is retained in such compounds
as monompag, deep waters. See mandi.
‘onouhk6i, n. a valley, Josh. 11, 16,17;
2 K. 3, 17; Is. 40, 4 (oonowwohkoai, +
yeuash, C. 158): ut amnddhkouut, in a

peshdnnéquat, blue color

valley, Gen. 14, 17; en conéuhkdiyeuut,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

to the valley, Num. 32, 9: en wnouh- |

koiyeue, into the valley, Josh. 7, 24;
@nouohkoiyeue, adj. ‘of the low coun-
try’, 2 Chr. 26, 10 [wndi-ohke, hollow
land]; pl. wnduhtuash, anéuhkoiyeuash,
Ezek. 36, 4, 6.
‘@nouwusse, lean.
mnonat, vy. i. ‘to yell’ as a wild animal,
‘to howl’: wnwog, ‘they yell’ (as lions’
whelps), Jer. 51, 38 [from anum, a
dog (?)]; nishno pasuk pish on, every
one shall howl, Is. 15, 3; maush kah
ansh, ‘cry and howl’, Ezek. 2 2s
anmk, howl ye, Zech. 11, 2.
[Chip. wah-o-no, he howls, Spelling

See dnowwusse.

Book. ]

‘@noonk, n. howling, Is. 15, 8; Zeph.
1, 10.

@Mnowaonk. See wunna@waonk, a cov-

enant, an agreement.
‘@she, Osh, (constr.) Oshoh, n. father,

| Msqheonk, n. blood.

Gen. 17, 5; Prov. 17, 21; Matt. iO) exe |

99

nosh, my father, Gen. 22, 7; Luke 15,
21; noshun, our father, Luke 3, 8; 11, 2:
kesh, thy father, Gen. 12, 1; watch ne-
gonne nashik, from my forefathers, 2
Tim. 1, 3 (suppos. form); kashen (ka-

sho), your father, Gen. 31, 6, 7; 43, 7:

@shoh (constr.), the father of, his
father, Proy. 17, 21; (obj.) Gen. 19, 33;

28, 7; ken pish wutoshin, thou shalt be
a father (of many nations), Gen. 17, 4:
wutoshimau, [he who is(?)]a father, Ps.
103, 13; Prov. 4, 1; Is. 9, 6; Mark 13,

B. A. E., Buu.

113

@she, Msh, Oshoh—continued.
12; 1 Thess. 2, 11: God wutoshe ig, “if
God were your father’, John 8, 42. See
*éteshem; oltshoh; wadchinat.

[Narr. osh, a father; nésh, my father,
cosh, your father; cuttéso, have you a
father? R. W. 44. Del.
father; gooch (kooch), thy father; och-
wall, his tather, Zeisb. Voce. ]

*oshesin, an uncle, C. 162 (dimin. of
mshe).

nooch, my

See wussisses.

@shkappeum, -Oppeum, n. a con:u-
bine: naskoppeum, my concubine, Judg.
20, 4, 6; (obj. pl.) +oh, 2 Sam. 16, 21,
222s asee wishquin; wuskappeum.

@shoh. See ashe.

oske, for wuske (especially in compound
words), new, young, first in time, ete.:
before.

[@smwéneat, y. i. to swim:] neg woh
@smwecheg, they who can swim, Acts
27,43. Cf. pammsa, he swims; ossde-
posu, he slideth back.

(Del. a scho will, to swim, Zeish.
Voc. 14.]

See wusqueheonk.

omsukongquneau(?), it (the brazen sea)
“was set above upon them’, 1 K. 7, 25.

otattammonk. See wuttattamdonk.

@tch. See weh; wutche.

@tcheun, he made from (it), Gen. 2,
See wchiinneat.

otchteau, he produces (it) from (it),
he forms it:
atche-un, he produces from it (an. obj. ),
Gen. 2, 22.

otshoh: waban wishoh, the wind blow-
eth, John 3, 8 (wuttishau, Mass. Ps. ye
Cf. *6teshem.

[Del. ta vindchen, whence blows the
wind?; lowannéunk vindchen, the wind

the north, Hkw. 456

(see ‘wundschun’, Zeisb. Gr. 161).

Chip. nédin, it blows, is windy, Bar.

2. Old Alg. loutin, wind, Lah.]

@wee, interj. of sorrow (El. Gr. 22); oowe,
ah: 23

Mweesquabinneat, y. i.

See weesquapinnedt.

mwesuonk, n. his name, Ex. 20,7: Gen.
29, 16.

@wohsumunat.

Mwonogkmog.

99

a@tcheau-un, Ex. 38, 8;

comes from

to wrap up.

See wésuonk.
See wohsumundt.

See dwonogkuog.

114 BUREAU

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

ae

Pp’.
pa, a particle which, prefixed to a verb
in the indicative, gives it the sense of
the Ist pers. imperative: nawaantam,

See pd-.

I am wise; pd-nowaantam, let me be
wise, El. Gr. 25.

[Cree pd, indecl. particle, prefixed to
the root of the verb, has the force of
‘should’ or ‘would’ conditional: ne pa
nipan, I should or would sleep. ]

pa, applied to extension in time, an
indefinite going-on.

‘vet’ in such phrases as ‘while he was

yet speaking’. Indic. ash pdmekesukok,
while it was yet day, 2 Sam. 3, 35;
paamu, ‘upward’ in age or time: * from
twenty years old [kah paamu] and up-
ward’, i. e. passing, Num. 26, 2, 4,=
padme, 2 Chr. 31, 16, 17. Suppos. ash
pamaoadt, while he
16, 17; Matt. 14, 43.

ject) paméma, it is

yet spoke, Job 1,
Pass. (inan. sub-

passed, Ps. 18, 12.
Imperat. 3d pers. would be, regularly
formed, paj or pajeh (q. v.) [or pame-
jeh (2)], let it go on or cx mtinue (until).
Cf. pémantum (suppos. pamdntog), he
lives; pomushau, he walks; pdmsheau,
itis past,ete. (Cf.also Sansk. pamb, ire,
se movere. )

[Abn. pemi (—=amptsi and anptsi), in
compos. ‘pendant, vel encore’; ‘il est a’
(with verb in infinitive), Rasles. Del.
pem mi, yet, to this time, Zeisb.]

pa-, pé-, pu- [p’], prefixed to words
which signify motion, denotes indirec-
tion in the act or agent. In verbs of
motion it signifies ‘all about’, ‘in one

direction or another’, or without direc- |

tion.
‘astray’, and pu-mmoh, the sea; pa-
it
creeps; pamitchuan, (water) runs, etc.

[For the Cree, Howse (84) has pim-
mildchemoo, ‘he moves himself horizon-

Cf. pa-nne, “out of the way’,

MOs@M, he swims; pa-mompagin,

tally, crawls’, and perhaps this may be
the primary signification. ]

paamu, ady. past, upward (in age or |

time), Num. 26, 2, 4.
paanonteg, as n. a (winnowing) fan,
Is. 30, 24, i. e. that which blows away.

See pauanuhtunk.

See pdme.

It has the force of |

trusts: pabahtanwnau, he trusts in
(him), has confidence in; inan. pabah-
tantam, he trusts (it), depends on (it).
Adj. and ady. pabahtanumwe, -wae, faith-
fully (pdpahtantamwe, C.).

padahquohhan. See padtohquohhan.

| padteateamin-ash, n. pl. nuts, Gen.

43, 11.

padtippashin, padtapdshin, y. i. it
drops, there is dropping; freq. papad-

| pababtanum [pa-bat-an-um], v. t. he
|

tippdashin, there is a shower; verbal pd-
pddtinunk, ‘showers’, Deut. 32, 2.
[Del. pankpechen, a drop; popankpe-
chen, it drops (ef. popetelan, it is show-
ery, ‘rains by showers’), Zeisb. Abn.
aipeterain, il est encore A pleuvoir, il
pleut encore. |
padtohquohhan, padahquohhan, v. i.
| it thunders (padtohquohhan and pattoh-
quohhanni, it thunders, C.); as an.
thunder. [From a verb which signifies
‘to hear’, ‘to be heard’ (?). Pierson’s
Catechism (Quiripi) has padak, he
heareth. Cf. Cree péytow-ayoo, he hears
him; péytum, he hears it. But see the

next following verb. ]
| {Nore.—The bracketed part of this definition
is marked ‘‘omit”’ in the manuscript. ]

[Abn. pédaiighiags, le ftoudre, ton-
nerre. Quir. paddahquihhun, Pier. Del.
peelhacquon, it thunders, Hkw., which
Cass corrects to paathoc’quon, ‘it begins
to thunder’ (from pad, ‘to come’, and
hoc/quon, ‘thunder’). [Is either cor-
rect?] Zeisb. has ped hac quon, it thun-

ders; pen da quot, it is heard, Voc. 26. ]
padtuhkuhnteau, y. t. he smites (it)

into (it), 1 Sam. 19, 10, of a dart or

spear thrown from the hand.
pagkodtantam.
pagutanau, y. t. an. he destroys (him);

See pikodtantam.

inan. paguatau, pagwodiau, he destroys
(it); vy.
is destroying, or is a destroyer; pl.

i. paguateau, pagwohteau, he

| paguatoog, they destroy, are destroy-
| ers. (This was the name given to the
Muhhekans of eastern Connecticut by
neighboring tribes: Pequattéog, Pequots,
‘destroyers’.) Verbal paguanuonk, de-
stroying, destruction, Proy. 15, 11; 18,

TRUMBULL]

paguanau—continued.
7; Is. 59, &/; ‘pestilence’, Ps. 91, 6.
From pohg- (pogk-), to break, to divide.
See pohqui.

[Narr. paviquana, ‘there is a slaugh-
ter’; pequttéog patiquanan, ‘the Pequts
are slain’, R. W. 151. Cree puickwaht-
ayoo, ‘he hates (him)’.]

paguodche, pagwodche, ady. ‘it may
be’, perhaps, El. Gr. 22 (pogqudtche, C. ).

[Alg. pakSash, probablement. ]

pahchanitchau, y. i. he has fingers: ne-
quita-tahshe , he has six fingers,
2 Sam. 21, 20.
pahchasittau, y. i. he has .

See pohchanutch.

toes,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

2 Sam. 21, 20; lit. he has divided-feet _

( pahshe-wusseet). See pohchanutch.

ahchau, pauchau, pdhchavy, vy. i. he
?

turns aside, deviates:

wutch mayut,

he turns aside from the way, Num. | pahsonogk, n. 7

99 928

225235.
[Del. pachgechen, ‘where the road
strikes off’; pachgcen, ‘to turn out of
the road’, Zeisb. ]
pahheay, y.
nup-paih, | wait for (him), Ps. 130, 5;
suppos. noh pdahhit, he who waits; v. t.
inan. pahtau, pahto, he waits for (it);
y. i. an. pahtussu, he is waiting; suppos.
noh pdahtsit, he who is waiting. Verbal
pahtsiionk, waiting, ‘forbearance’, Rom.
2,4 ( pahtsmog, they wait; nup-pahtis, I
stay, I am ready; pahtsii, ready, C.).
From pa.
[Del. pee soop, he waited (pret.),
Zeisb. ]
pahke, pohki, (1) it is clear, plain, evi-
dent; ady. plainly, clearly. (2) it is

Ct. pdime.

t. an. he waits for (him): | pahsu.

115

pahpahkshas—continued.
pabhacku, pheasant; popocus, partridge.
Chip. (Gr. Trav.) puh-push-kuh-se, ‘a
snipe’ (?), Sch. 11, 466. ]

pahpasinnum, y. t. he plucks off (as
corn, Luke 6, 1). See pohshinum.

pahpassehteau, y. i. he is cleaving or
splitting (wood). Suppos. noh pahpas-
sehtog, he that cleaveth wood, Eccl. 10,
9. Redupl., with caus. inan. form, from
pohshinum, he divides (it), ‘he causes
it to divide’, ‘makes it half’ (see poh-
she).

pahpohkumas, n. a moth, Luke 12, 33.
Cf. Matt. 6, 19, papoquttamuk (suppos. ),
‘moth’, for ‘when it is injured by the
moth’. See papekg.

pahshe, pahshe, half, a part of.
pohshe.

See

l. -ogquash, a board,
Acts 27, 44; Ex. 27, 8
teau.

[Abn. psikasks,
passikachk, Zeisb.]

See pahpasseh-

planche, ais. Del.

See paso.

pahtekomuk.
komuk.

pajeh, adv. until: yew pajeh, until now;
no pajeh, until (ndpaj, C.).

[Del. petschi, Zeisb.]

pakodche, ady. completely, to the end,
to the full, thoroughly. (It is strictly
a verb impers., ‘there is completion’,

See pummuwuttauwde

See pdime.

‘itisthrough’.) Freq. orintens. pdpog-
kodche, 2 Chr. 36,21. See pohshane.

[Narr. paucétche, paugedtche, R. W.
(Del. packantschi, fully, completely,
Zeisb. }

clean, pure. See pohhi and ef. pohqude. | *pakodchimau, y. t. an. he condemns

pahkheati, pahkehheaii, y. t. an.
(caus. ) he cleans (himself or another),
makes clean, ‘purifies’, Ley. 8, 15.
VY. t. inan. pahketeaii, he makes (it)

(him), primarily, disposes of, makes an
end of: noh pakodchimit, he who con-
demns; pogkodchummu, ‘to condemn’,
‘to convince’, C.

clean, purifies (it). V. i. an. pahkesu | p&kodchteau,y. i. (inan.subj.) it finishes,

(=pahkeussu), he is clean, pure, Ley.
13, 18; 2 Sam. 11, 4. Adj. an. clean,
pure.
pahpahkshas, n. a ‘partridge’, Jer. 17,
11, =pohpohkussu, 1 Sam. 26, 20.
pohpohquttog (pl.), ‘quails’, Ps. 105, 40.
See mameesashques, the swallow.
[Narr. pdupock-siog, partridges, R.
W. 85. Peg. popoquateece, quail, Stiles

(see his kutquauss, partridge). Del.

Cf£. |

|
|

completes, or comes to an end; inten-
sive pakojteau, Dan. 9, 24, John 5, 36;
pass. part. pakojteau-un, (itis) finished,
Ezra 5, 16. The causative form, pog-
kodchehteau (he makes complete, fin-
ishes), is of more frequent occurrence:
nup-pogkodchehteoh, 1 have finished or
completed (it), 2 Tim. 4, 7.

[Del.pakantschiechton, he fulfills, com-
pletes (it), Zeisb.]

116 BUREAU
pakodtantam, pogk-, pagk-, y. 1. and
t. inan. he determines, resolves, pur-
poses, 2 @hrvsae ce: 8. Act.
vbl. pikodtantammonk, determination,
From pakodche and
Cf. kod-

Lam. 2,

settled purpose.
-antam, completely-minded.
tantam, he intends or wishes.
*pakonnoétam, n. a codfish, C.
(Narr. pauganait, RW. Abn. n8*-
kamek8, nSkamég8, pl. -gSak, morue,
Rasles. |
pame, padme, may be regarded as a
defective verb used separately as an

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|

auxiliary or in composition with other |

verbs to denote progress, continuance,
or duration of action. It is related to,
if not formed from, the indefinitive
particle. pdme, padmu, is the suppos.,
pummei the indic. form. See under
pomantam.

{MarG
mantam; pomohhom; pomushau.
2 K.14, 4, see ash.’"}

NAL NOTE.—‘‘ Rewrite this.

Cf. po-
ash pummeu,

pamequanum [= pame-unnequanum),
y. t. inan. he rolls (it) about; suppos.
noh pamequanuk, he who rolls (when
rolling) it, Prov. 26, 27.

pamitchuan, -utchuwan, -owan, vy. i.
impers. it flows or runs (as water, irre-
spective of direction force). As
n. ‘running water’, Proy. 5, 15. Im-
perat. 38d pers. pomitchuwadj, ‘let (the

or

waters) be dispersed abroad’, Proy. 5,
16 (onatuh nippeit pamuttchuwohk, ‘as
waters which run,’ Mass. Ps., Ps. 58, 7).

From pdme (q. v.) and wutche-u, it +

proceeds from. More immediately,
from pomushau, he walks, moves, with
the introduction of the hard ch, denot-
ing involuntary or inanimate activity.
[Cree pimmichewun, it flows, as water,
Howse 49. ]
pammoh. See pummoh, the sea(?).
pamompagin, y. i.
or crawls (nup-pummé@tashom, I creep,
C.).
ing, crawling.

unipers. it creeps

As adj. (also pomompag¢ée) ereep-
Suppc Ss. owdas noh pam-
ompagit, an animal which creeps or
crawls; pl. neg pdmompakecheg. Freq.
(and
See popom-

papdmompagin, pohpomébmpagin
papameatcheg, Ps. 148, 10).
ompakecheg.

[Cree pimmitdchemoo, ‘he moves him-
self horizontally, crawls’, Howse 84.

[BULLETIN 25

pamompagin—continued.
Abn. ne-pemigSsi, je rampe, je marche

surleyventre. Del. pimochkhasu (vy. adj.

an.), stirred, moved, Zeisb. Gr. 166;
pommoochru, it ereeps, Zeisb. Voc.

27.]

pamontog, suppos. of pdmantam (q. v.),
he lives: noh pdamontog, he who liveth,
1 K. 3, 23, 25; Lam. 3, 39; pl. pamonto-
gig, ‘the living’.

pamo@som, pamw6ésom, pum6sa, vy. i. he

swims, moves himself by swimming
(nup pumosmweem, Lswim, C.); suppos.
noh pdmosowit, he who swims, Is. 25
186
swims.

)
For pame-a@ss@. Cf. ms@weéneat, he
[Abn. ne-pemakSitsin, ‘je nage’. ]
pamsheau, pamusheay, vy. i.

passes, goes on.

inan. it

See pomushau.

pamutchuwan. See pamitehuan.
pamw6som. See pummso.

*panikqua [= pannuhquaeii], ‘squint-
eyed’, C. From panne and uhqude, he
looks contrary or perversely.

panne, pannu, out of the way, per-
versely, contrary: pannw wuttin, ‘the
wind was contrary’, Matt. 14, 24; Acts
27, 4; au panneu, ‘he went another
way’, | K. 15,10. Cf. the prefix pi-;
also pendwe, strange, foreign; penaéu, it
is spread about.

[Del. palliwi, elsewhere, otherwise;
palliaeu, he goes away, goes wrong,
Zeisb. }

panneaii, v. i. he errs, goes out of the

way, goes wrong, Proy. 10, 17; suppos.

part. pannéont, going astray, ‘perverse’,
Proy. 14, 2; verbal panneyeuonk ( pan-
ne-u-onk), wrong-going, ‘peryerseness’
Proy. 15, 4.

panneiissu, y. i. an. he does wrong, com-
mits a fault; suppos. noh pannesit (pan-

’

neiisseit), he who does wrong, who goes
astray, Num. 5, 12,29; verbal panneiis-
seonk, wWrong-doing, error, Proy. 17, 9;
Jude 11; agent. vb. panneiisseden, a
wrong-doer (‘the unjust’, 1 Pet. 3,18).
pannowau, y. t.
falsely to (him).

he deceives, speaks

Imperat. 2d —- Ist
pers. ahque pannowah, do not lie to me,
2 K. 4,16. Adj. and ady. pannawae,
falsely, deceitfully. N. verbal pannw-
waonk (and -wayeuonk), wrong saying,
a lie, Ps. 7, 14; Rev. 21, 27; agent. vb.

TRUMBULL]
pannowau—continued. |
pannowaén-in, a liar. From panne, and |
nowau, he speaks.
pannu.
panuppu, panuppe, throughout, thor- |
oughly; as y. i. panuppw wame, (he) is
through all, Eph. 4,6; prep., Rom.1,8;
ady., Gen. 11, 3; Rom. 15, 19; intens.

See panne.

papannuppe, throughout, 2 Chr. 34, 7; |
wholly, Jer. 2, 20.
[Abn. papaiimisi, ‘par tout’. ] |

panupwushaii, vy. t. he goes through-
out: panupwushaog otanash, ‘they went
through the cities’, Luke 9, 6; 2 Chr.
16, 9 (pannupshdnat kehtoh kah ohke,
‘to compass sea and land’, C.; but
kup-pannupwushoneau, ete., ‘you com-
pass’, ete., Matt. 15).
Uppu.

papadtinunk, n. coll. fine rain, ‘show-
ers’, Deut. 32, 2. See padtippdshin.

papahtantam, vy. i. and t. inan. he trusts.
See pabahtanwin.

papamompagin, freq. of pumompagin
(q. v.), it creeps.

papamotacheg, part. pl. ‘creeping
things’, Ps. 148, 10. |

papanne, adv. ‘safely’, Prov. 31, 11(?) |
(papane, ‘wholesome’, C. ): papane kuh-
kinneasish, mark thou well, Job 33, 31.

papannowau, v. i. he flatters; suppos.
noh papannowat, he who flatters, Proy.
28,23. Adj. and ady. papande, flatter-
ingly, Prov. 26, 28.

papaquanne, papuk-, ady. ‘utterly’,
‘thoroughly’, Judg. 15, 2; Is. 40, 30;
Nah. 1, 8; Zech. 14, 11. |

papashpe, prep.(?) through: wussittum |

papashpe mahtokgs-ut, he shines through

the cloud, Job 22,13. By redupl. from

peshau, it breaks through.

99

PRY From pan-

Ct. nepduz
paspishau, the sun rises.

papaskhas, n. the ‘swallow’, Ps. 84, 3;
but ef. mameesashques.

papasku. See papiske, double.

papaume, prep. concerning, with respect
to, of.

papedsik, suppos. part. inan. when (it
is) very small, a very small thing; pl.
papeasikish, ‘small things’, Zech. 4, 10;
Acts 26, 22.

papeissit, pl. -ifcheg; suppos. part. an.
very small (persons), very young, Esth. |
3,13. Intens. of peississw (q.v.). From |

See pedsin.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

Wee

papeissit—continued.
papeissesu. has come the corrupted form
‘papoose’ (pl. ‘papooses’ ), a young child.
[Narr. yO cuppdppoos, is this your
child?; papods, a child; nippapoos, my
child, R.W. Peg. pouppous, ‘an infant
new-born’, Stiles. ]
papekg, n. a flea, 1 Sam. 24, 14; 26, 20

(poppek, C.). Cf. pahpohkumas.
[Abn. babiks, pace; bahis, ciron dans
les mains, ete.; ps°k&é, vers dans la
chair, sur viande. Del. achpiquak (pl.),
fleas, Zeisb. ]
papenuppashunk, n. ‘a drop’ (‘in the
bucket’, Is. 40, 2). [Is it a noun col-
lective from pa (peawe) and nuppe, ‘very
little water’?] Cf. padtippashin.
papésukaeu, v. i. or ady. it is twilight;
in the twilight, Ezek. 12, 6.
papisiswaonk (?), vbl. n. ‘mirth’, fun,
Man. Pom. 86.
(Chip. pau’pe, he laughs. ]
papiske, papasku, papske, y. i.
double; adj. double. By redupl. from

it is

piskeu (there is) double: piskinnum-ok
papiske neyaunag ., ‘double unto
her double, according to .. .’, Rev.
18, 6; papske ahtéonk, a double portion,
Deut. 21) 17. with
(twice), as neesit piskew (for papisku)
dadtehteau, he pays double, Ex. 22, 4, 7.
papiuhsuke, ady. one against the other,
reciprocally opposite, 1 KK. 20, 29; Num.

Siy2aio:

Sometimes neesit

By redupl. intens. from piuh-
suke (q. v.).

papokquog, suppos. as n.
-gish, Amos 6, 11.

a cleft; pl.

From pohpohqui,

augm. of pohgui, it breaks, opens. See
passipskodtut.

papomushau, papomshau, vy. i. hie jour-
neys, continues walking, Acts 10, 38
(papaumushau, Matt. 9, 35). Freq. of
pomushau (q. v.)-

*paponaumst, pl. + og (Narr.), n. ‘a
winter fish which up in the
brooks and rivulets; some call them
frost fish,’’ etc., R. W. 105. The ‘tom-
cod’ or ‘frost-fish’ of the markets
(Gadus [Morrhua] tomcodus, Mitch. ).
Tacaud, the specific name given by Cu-
vier, may be from tohkoi (Narr. tahki),

comes

‘when it is cold’, ‘cold-weather fish’, or
Narr. taquattin, frost, it is frozen, ‘frost-
fish’, but certainly does not signify

118 BUREAU OF
*paponaumsti—continued.
‘plenty fish’ in any Algonquian dialect.
From popon-de and aumsi, dimin.
[Abn. apSnaiimess-ak, ‘petits [pois-
sons] de la mer’. ]

*papone (Narr.), winter, R. W. 69. See
popon.

*. ray j Narr. , pers j
paponetin (Narr.), y. unipers. (it

blows from the west, or it blows win-

tery), the west wind, R. W. 83. From
papone (popon, El.), winter.

papske. See pipiske.

papukuanne. See papaquanne.

papumunont, pl. -oncheg, suppos. part.
of pepumwau, flying: pahpumunont

psukses, flying bird (i. e. bird when
flying), Ps. 148, 10.

pasau. See pasmau.

*pashanne, adv. fully, C. See pohshane.

pashksheau, y. i. it bursts asunder,
bursts with violence, explodes; intens.
of pasishau (it bursts) by the incorpo-
ration with the root of shk, marking vio-
lence and disaster.

pashkuhkom.

pashpehtdhheau (-lahwhau, El. Gr.),
y. t. and i. an. he makes (it) pierce
through (him), he ‘smiteth through’
(him), Job 26, 12.

[Old Alg. patchipaoua, I dart, Lah. ]

pashpishonau, y. t. an. it goes through
(him), pierces (him) through; pass. he
is pierced, ‘shot through’, Ex. 19, 13.

pasinnun, y. t. he plucks (it, as corn,
etc., Mark 2, 23).

pasishau, passishau, y
is torn asunder, Mark 15, 38; Luke 23,
45; with an. subj., Acts 1, 18. Intens.
of peshau (see péshaur).

paskanontam, y. i. he suffers extreme
hunger, he is starving, Jer. 38, 9; nupp-,
I perish with hunger, Luke 15, 17.
Vbl.n. paskdnontammonk, extreme hun-

See paskuhkom.

See pohshinum.
i. it bursts or

Ady. paskanontamwe, in
extreme hunger, Lam. 2, 19.

[Abn. peskaraiidamSssé, il a faim mar-
chant [?], Rasles. Cf. Abn. peskaiit,
‘creu’.]

paskogun tahshé, num. nine; pl. an.
talishinash

ger, Ex. 16, 4.

paskagun tahstiog; inan.
(or tohstiash), El. Gr. 14 (pasukagun,
Luke 17, 17): nabo paskwgun, nineteen
(as an adj. varied by tahshé (or tohsii)

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

{

|
|
|
|
|

in pl. an. and inan., 2 K. 25,8); paskw- |

[BULLETIN 25

paskogun tahshé—continued.
gun tahshinchag (pl. an. -kodtog, -kod-
tash), nine hundred, El. Gr. 15.
[Narr. paskigit (paskagit, C.), as adj.
pl. with tasiiog and tashinash, R. W.
Del. (Unami) peschkonk, Hkw.]
paskuhkom, pashk-, v. t. he bursts (it)
asunder or in pieces (Nah. 1, 13; Jer.
2, 20; 5, 5; 30, 8: applied to the burst-
ing of bonds or fetters). Cf. sahgkuh-
kom. See *peskhémmin.
paso, pahsu, y. i. (it is) near. Ady.
near by, Gen. 19, 20; Matt. 24, 33.
(Chip. bésho, near by, Bar. Abn. pés-
sl, c'est proche. Del. peschot, Zeisb. ]
pasomau, pasau, vy. t. an. he brings (him)
to: up-pasw-uh, he brings him, Luke
10, 34; imperat. 2d pl. paswk, bring ye
hither, Luke 14, 21. This is the pri-
mary (and perhaps the only) significa-
tion of the verb: ‘near them’, bring
them near. From pds, near.
[Abn. ne-pésSai, je Vapporte. ]
pasmche [=piism-wutche, near-from],
ady. a little way off, not far, 2 K.5, 19.
[Del. near;
pechuwiwi, near, Zeisb. ]
pdsmsukau, vy. i. he goes or comes near,
heapproaches; suppor. oh pasa@sukog,
he wno comes near, Num. 1, 51; Luke
7, 12; imperat. pasosukiitch, let him
come near to me, Is. 50, 8.
pasotappu, y. i. he is (remains) near,
Is. 50, 8 (elsewhere paswoppu); sup-

veschotschi vechuwat
L ? v0 ?

pos. noh paswmtappit, noh paswopit, he
who is near, Is. 57, 19; Prov. 27, 10.
From pdsomche, or pdsm, and dppu,
manet.

[Abn. péssSdaps, il est proche, il
demeure proche. ]

pasotshau [pasmche-au], vy. i. he goes
or comes near, approaches, 2 Sam. 18,
25; suppos. noh pasatshadt, he who
comes near, Num. 3, 10,38. pasatshau
expresses merely the fact of approach
or proximity; pdsa@sukau, the action of
going or coming, continuing to ap-
proach.

[Abn. péssSd8ssé, approche-toi; ne-
péssSd8ssé, j approche; ne-péssSssekamen,
j'approche de cela. |

paspishau, y. i. it breaks through, it
bursts forth, blossoms, (after nepauz,
the sun) rises, Eeel. 1, 5; suppos. part.

TRUMBULL]

paspishau—continued.
paspishont, (when rising, ) sunrise, Eccl.
tbs Num 205 1 Ps! 50) i: and! of
the rising of the ‘day-star’, 2 Pet. 1, 19
(up-poshpishaonk nepaz, the sunrising,
C.); freq. he
through (a place or country); pl. -aog,
2Sam. 2,29. Freq. orintens. of péshaui,
it blossoms, bursts forth.
(Narr. pdshisha, it is sunrise, R. W.]
pasquag, suppos. inan. (when it is)
made fine, in powder: pasquag nakhik,
fine flour, Ley. 23, 13, 17, ete. Cf.
sohqui, powder.
[Abn. pesdi, poudre.
hick, unparched meal. }
pasquodtam, vy. t. inan. he chews (it)?;
suppos. pass. Inan. pasquodtamamuk,
(when it is) chewed, Num. 11, 33.
passipskodtut (for passoipskodtut), ‘in
the clefts of the rock’, Jer. 49, 16;
Obad. 3; pasipskodtut, Ex. 33, 32: pas-
sompskodehtu, (among) the clefts, Is.
57,5. From pahshe (pohshe), broken
or divided, and -ompsk, n. gen. for rock.
See papokquog.
passishau. See pasishav.
passohtham, -ahtham, y. i. he digs a
pit or trench, Jer. 18, 20, 22; cf. Ps. 94,
13; pasehtham (v.t.), hedigsor ‘cleaves’
into (it), Judg. 15, 19. Vbl. n. pas-
sohtheg, -ahtheg, a ditch, a pit, Prov.
22, 14; Is. 22, 11 (pohsahteg, Ps. 40, 2);
pl. -gash, Gen. 14, 10 [passehtan-ash, pl.
‘the channels’ (of the waters), Mass.
Ps., Ps. 18, 15]. Cf. pissagk; pissi.
passukossaii, y. i. he parts the hoof,
Ley. 11, 7. From pohsu, divided, and
tuikdéssa, (its) hoof. See mihkos; uhquae.
[Chip. pezhiki, a buffalo. ]
pasuk, num. one; Ex. 12, 46; Judg. 9,
2; Eccl. 4, 8, 10. (In his Grammar,
Eliot gives as the numeral adnoun
‘one’, nequt, only. )

papashpishau, passes

Narr. pishque-

-pasuko, it is one;
pl. -kamog, they are one, 1 John 5, 7.
Verbal, pasukwonk, being one, unity,
-pasukmog, inan. -kqash,
with nequt prefixed, one hundred, El.
Gr. 15; nequt pasukme, a hundred times,
Keel. 8,12. See Pickering’s note on nequt
and pasuk in the reprint of Eliot’s Gram-
mar (2 Mass. Hist. Coll. 1x), p. xlv.
Cotton made this distinction: ‘‘nequt, a
thing that is past; pasuk, a thing in

oneness.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

119

pasuk—continued.
being.’’ This Heckewelder considered
a mistake, yet it was not without some
foundation. pasuk denotes unity and
completeness, one by itself, and with-
out reference to a series; nequtta (its
ordinal is negonne, first) appears to have
the same base as nukkonne, old, dis-
carded, left behind [ef. nukkonau, he
leaves (him) behind], and so first in
order of time; but if this distinction
was not already obsolete in the time of
Eliot and Williams it does not appear
to have been observed by either.
(Mah. : “‘pdschukisthe true Mahicanni
word for one’, Hkw. Narr. pdwsuck,
R.W. (who gives also nquit, one). Abn.
pézeks, inan. pézek8n, one (but nequt or its
equivalent is found in nekSdaiis [= ne-
qutta tahshe], six; negSdaiinkdo, eleven;
Sé, one hundred, ete. ), Rasles.
Chip. ba-shick and nin-god-juah (or ning
o dwa), Sch. wu, 211, 213, 216. ‘‘Be-
fore substantives signifying measure of
time or other things, . . .

negsda teg:

instead of hejig
[bashick], we say ningd.’’—Bar. Gr. 433.
pazhig, one; pdzhegoo, he is one, Jones.
Cree péyak, péyakoo, he is one or alone;
péyakootow (inan.), he uniteth, Howse. ]

pasukqut, num. once, Gen. 18, 32; Josh.
603:

paswauwatuog, y.i. (pl.) they are near
of kin, ‘they are her near kinswomen’,
Ley. 11, 17.
they are related,
gether.

From pdsw and weetauoog,
lit. they live to-

paswohteau, v. i. (inan. subj.) it is near,
Ps. 22, 11; Zeph. 1, 7.
ohteau, se habet.

From pds and

paswoppu.
paswu, ady. lately, El. Gr. 21; ‘for a
season’, Acts 13, 11: onk paswése
(dimin.), ‘some days after’, Acts 15, 36
(paswese, soon, C.).

See pasmtappu.

See paso.

*pattohquohanni, y. i. it thunders, C.
See padtohquohhan.

pauanontam, y. t.
pauanontussu, he tans; ct. Jer. 4, 11;
7S Wh Gale alley

pauanubtunk, paan-, pauunon-, n.
a fan (for winnowing), Luke 3, 17; cf.
Matt. 3, 12; Jer. 15, 7.

pauchau.

he fans (it); y. i.

See paanonteg.

See pahchau.

120 BUREAU OF
paudtaii, vy. t. he brings (it), 1 K. 8, 32;
Fsth. 3, 9 (patou, he brings, C.); ‘he
cometh with’, 2 Sam. 18, 27; imperat.
paudtaush, bring thou, Amos. 4, 1 (pat-
auish, ©C.); suppos. paudtunk, when he
brings, Ps. 126, 6 (pautunk, Mass. Ps. ).
Vbl. paudtéonk, a bringing in, Heb. 7,
19. (Cf. also Sansk. pat,
ire; pad, ire, adire. )
(Narr. paditous, bring hither, R. W.
Abn. apét&n, il apporte; nepétSn, jap-

Cf. pasmau.

porte; with an. obj. ne-pés8aii, je Vap-

porte. Chip. 00 betoon, he brings it.
Cree, inan. péytow, an. péyshoohayoo (2),
Howse 41. Del. peton, he brings, Zeisb.
Gr. 152.]

-paug, n. gen. in compound words, signi-
fying water. See -pog.

*pauganaut (Narr. ), n. codfish, pl. -am-
wock, R. W.

*paugdutemisk (Narr.), n. an oak tree
(pohkuhtimis, white oak; wesattimis, red

See *pdkonndtam.

[yellow] oak, C.); paugautemissaind,
an oak canoe, R. W.

*pauishoons (Peq. ), meadow lark (Stur-
nella ludoviciana, Bonap. ), Stiles.

*pauktinawaw (Narr.), a bear; also the
name of the constellation ‘the Great
Bear, or Charles Waine’, R. W. [For
polkenauau, he goes in the dark or at
night (?).]

*Paumpdgussit (Narr.), n. ‘the

that deity or godhead which

sea
god ..
they conceive to be in the sea.’—R. W.
98, 110.

paumushaii, y.
shou.

*pauochatiog (Narr.), y. i. ‘they are
playing or dancing’, R. W. 145; pau-

i. he walks. See pomu-

ochaiitowwin [ pauochohteanun? ), ‘a bau-
ble to play with’, ibid.
patipakinasik, ady. in the twilight, Prov.
7,9. Dimin. of pohpohkeni, it is dark.
Suppos. paupohkenik, when dark (?).

See pohkeni. Does not often oceur in

AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

*- — 0 } py,
| *paupock—continued.

_ ~pe--
peamesan.
peantam, vy. i. he supplicates, (in Eliot’s

Eliot’s translation; perhaps not else- |

where than in the verse cited.
*paupock (Narr.), partridge, pl. —-stog,

Le AN Cf. (Peq.)

popoquatése, quails, Stiles (=pahpohg-

See pahpahkshas.

uttog, quails, El.); pohpohk-wssu, par-
tridge, El.

(Chip. (Gr. Tray.) pulpushkuhse,

i}

pauunontunk.
pauwau, (1) y.

‘snipe’; pahpahsa, ‘woodpecker’, Sch.
uu, 466. Del. pab ha cku, pheasant,
Zeisb.
See pauanuhtunk.
i. he ‘uses divination’
(infin. pawwdinneat, Ezek. 21, 21), he
practices magic or sorcery. Ady. pau-
wde, 1 Sam. 15, 23. Vbl. n. pauwauonk
(pl. -ongash), * witcheraft’, 2 Chr. 33, 6;
Gal. 5, 20 (cf. Acts 8,9). (2) n. a wiz-
ard, a diviner, Ex. 22, 18; Deut. 18, 14;
Dan. 4, 7.

[Narr. powwdi, ‘a priest’, pl. -watog,
RAW. Lids ik @Quirt pedo, ‘holy’,
Pier. 41, ete. ]

payont, when he comes, when coming;

suppos. part. of péyau.

-pé, the root of names of ‘water’ in

nearly all dialects of the Algonquian.
It has usually the demonstrative pretix,
and is not found without it in the New
England dialects. See nippe (i'pe);
-pog. (Ct. the Sansk. pd, to drink (pa,
drinking, for drink; ap, water), a root
which runs through almost all Indo-
European languages: Zend. péo, water;
Afgh. poi; Litu. uppe, flamen; Irish
abh, flumen; Greek IO, zéx@xKka;
Lat. potum. ]

[Abn. nebi (po. Muh.
w bey. Chip. né/-bi, ne-be, ne-bee, water;

Narr, nip.
sé be, see bee, river. Cree nip pee.)
See pa-.

See pedsin.

lit. he is smail-
minded (pe-aniam), he humbles him-
self. Tr. an. peantamauau, he prays
to, supplicates (him): ken kuppeantain-
oush, I pray to thee, Ps. 5,2. ‘Advocate
form’ (imperat.) peantamwansh, pray
thon for (them), 1 Sam. 12, 19; -zan-
shinnean, pray thou for us, Jer. 37,

transl.) he prays;

9

3. Vbl. n. peantamdonk, supplication,
prayer.

[Narr. peeyaintam, ‘he is at prayer’,
R.W. Abn. paiibatam, il prie. Del.
pa ta mau, to pray, Zeisb. Muh. pe-
yuhtom-mauwukon (vbl.), ‘religion’,
Edw. Quir. peaid, used by Pierson for
‘holy’, ete., Catechism 41, 42,57; inan.
pl. peaious, ibid. 55. This seems to be
the primary or the simple verlh from

TRUMBULL]

peantam—continued.
which peantam was formed, and is per-

haps identical with pauwaw (q. v.);
See |

peaidwungan, ‘holiness’, Pier. 51.

attaboan. }
peantowau, v. i. he has a small voice,
speaks low; pass. with inan. subj. pean-
towoma, it has (or there is) ‘a small
voice’, 1 K. 19,12. From pe and onto-
Cf. mishontawoma, ‘it roareth’
See

wan.
(Job 37, 4), has a great voice.
mishantowau.

pedsin, vy. i. it is (very) small; n. asmall
thing, Num. 16, 13: wussawme peasin,
it is too small, 2 K.6,1. Double dimin.
peamésan[-in], a very small thing, Ex.
16, 14. Suppos. inan. peasik, peestk,
and peydsik, when it is small, a small
thing, Josh. 17,15: anue peyasik onk ne
mo teag, ‘less [more little] than noth-
ing’, Is.40,17. Intens. papedsik (q. v.).
See péii.

*peawe, pewe, adj. little: pewe mukkoie-
sog, little children; peakomuk, a little
house, C. See péii.

pechehquogkunk, -gwonk, n. the
sheath or scabbard of a sword. From
pet-au, he puts in, and chohquog, a knife;
with the terminal of the suppos. inan.
conerete, that which a knife is put
into.

*peegham, y. i. he shaves (himself);
nup-peegham, I shave, C. See chequod-
wehham; mosum.

peeksq, peeskq, n. the ‘night hawk’,
Ley. 11, 16; Deut. 14, 15.

[Abn. pipigSs, ‘oiseau de proie’ (?).
Del. pischk, Zeisb. Voc. 6 (cf. pisgeii,
it is night; pisgeké, at night, ibid. ). ]

peéu.

pegskiyeue (?), adj. ‘narrow’ (of ‘win-
dows’), Ezek. 41, 26.

pehcheu, ady. unawares, unintention-
ally, Num. 35, 11; Gal. 2, 4. Perhaps
related to petshau (q. v.), he goes into it
by mischance, he falls into it.

[Abn. pis8isi, vel patsi (by mistake,
unintentionally ).
tally, by chance; as v. he blunders acci-
dentally, Zeisb. Gr. 183.]

péhteau, vy. i. it foams; n. foam, Hos.
10, 7; ‘the scum’ (of a boiling pot),
Ezek. 24, 6, 11,12 (pehtém): petariuttm-

See péii.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

Del. pitschi, acciden- |

12?

péhteau—continued.
nau [ pehtan (an. ) -wulteon-ut), he foain-

eth (at the mouth), Mark 9,18. Cf.
péshaui.
[Abn. pitté or pitté, foam, froth

(écume); pitta8io, it foams; pie ité

8&d8n, he foams at the mouth. ]
pehtehennitchab.
pehtoxinau, y. i. he puts on his shoes

See petehennitchab.

(moceasins); imperat. pelitoxinash, put

on your shoes, Ezek. 24, 17. From
petau and (m)okiissin. Cf. amaunsh

kum-moxinash, take off thy shoes, Ex.

3, 5.

pehttuhhennitchab. See petehennil-
chab.

pehtuanum. See pétucdnui.

peisses, n. an infant, a child, Gen. 37, 30;
44, 22; Luke 1,59; pl.+-og. [By con-
traction from peississu, or a diminutive
of endearment for peissése (?).]

peississu, vy. i. an. or adj. an. he is very
small (Amos 7, 2, 5), very young.
Suppos. noh peississit, ‘he who is least’,
Matt. 11,11; ash peississit, while he was
yet (very) young or small, 2 Chr. 34,
3; pl.-iteheg. Intens. or dimin. of en-

dearment, papeissit, pl. -itcheg, young
children, Esth. 3, 13.

[Abn. piSsessi, il est petit; piSsesen
(inan.), cela est petit. Chip. pangi, a
little, a few, Bar. 424, =pungee, small,
‘limited to the expr quan-
tity’,* Sch. Cree appesis (ady.), little;
issu, he is small; (inan.) dppisd-
Narr. papoods, a child. ]

on of

dppisee s

sin, it is small.
[* MARGINAL NOTE.—"' It has changed places

with ogquhse. See Sch.”’]

pemaogok, peonogok, where the path
or way is narrow, Matt. 7, 15, 14: peo-
nogod (indie. pres. ), Prov. 23, 27 (of ‘a
narrow pit’); en peimmaogok mayik, in
the narrow path, Man. Pom. 87. From
pe, small; -may, path; -dog (suppos.
from au), where it goes; -ohke, place;
and peénog (suppos. of am, he goes)
ohke.

[Narr. peemdyagat,

R. W.]

*pemisquai (Narr.), adj. crooked or
winding, R. W. 56.

a little way’,

[Cree piiskay, ‘diverging, branch-
ing’, Howse. Del. pimochqueii, twisted...
turned, Zeisb. ]

TOY

22

(pemsqunnum,v. t. he wreaths, twines,
Ex. 28, 14,==pepémsqunanumwu, vy. 22.

[Del. pimochqueii, vbl. adj. turned,
twisted, Zeisb. ]

pemsquoh, n. a whirlwind. Job 37, 9; |

Ts. 40, 24. For pemsqudii, it winds
about, twines (?). Ci. pepemsque.
pemunneaht, -unneat, n. a cord, a
string, Is. 50, 2; Mark 7, 35; pl. +ash
and +onash, Judg. 15, 13; 16, 11, 12.
Suppos. of pemunohteau (it is twisted
or plaited), ‘when twisted’ (pemin-

BUREAU OF AMERICAN

[BULLETIN 25

ETHNOLOGY

penomp—continued.
. . . , |
twists (it);] adj. -numwée, ‘wreathed’,

neaht ome, a fishing line; peiimenyaht, |
| pendwe, adj. and adv. (1) strange, differ-

a cable, C.). The primary meaning
seems to be plaited or braided; that
which is made by putting one (strand
or thread) acrossanother. Cf. pummee-
che. See tuttuppun.

[Abn. pemaisi, ilva de travers. Cree
pim-ich, crosswise. Del. pimenatan,
thread; pimeii,slanty, Zeisb. Cree pé-
eme-num, ‘he awryeth it’; pimme-num,
‘he twists it’, Howse 93. Powh.:
“‘Their women use to spin ... a kind
of grasse they call pemmenau; of these
they make a thread very even and
readily.’’—J. Smith, Hist. of Va.]

pendekinnu, v. i. it grows and spreads,
spreads as it grows (of a vine, Ezek.

17,6). From penaéu, with k progressive, |

and -innu, the characteristic of verbs of
growth and production: ‘it goes on
growing and spreading’, or ‘it continues
to spread as it grows.’

penaéu, vy. i. it is spread about, as a
growing plant, tree, or vine. Cf. panne,
out of the way.

[Narr. pendyi, ‘crooked’, R. W. 56.] |

penohkonau, vy. t. an. he casts or throws
(him) down: kup-penuhkon-eh, thou
casteth me down, Ps. 102, 10 ( penoh-
kénat, to throw down, C.). From nah-
konau, he throws (to the ground); with
the prefix pe-, he throws from a height,
casts down (to the ground).

See nw- |

konénat and its cognates, and penuhkau. |
[Abn. ne-penakaiin or ne-nesakkaii, |

‘je le jette du haut en bas.’]
*penoht, n. soot, C. 161.
[Abn. piratai.]
penomp, n. avirgin, Gen. 24, 16; Is. 7,
14; pl.-paog, Esth. 2,19. From pendwe,
strange, in its secondary or privative

sense, and -omp, n. gen. for ‘man’, nes-
cia viri(?). Cf. *keegsquaw; * quausses.

{Du Ponceau (?) says: ‘‘A young man
of Delaware is called pilapé. This
word is formed from pilsit, chaste, in-
nocent, and Jenapi, man, viz., man in his
purity and innocence.’’—Tocqueville,
Démoc. en Amér. app. c. (penomp,
peissit (?), or penussu (?).) Hkw. gives
pilapeu, a lad; pilawesis, a boy; pilawétit,
a male infant babe. Zeisb. gives pi la
piu, a big boy; pi la we tit, a little boy;
pila we tschitsch, a boy, Voce. 52.

ing, or of another kind, uncommon.
(2) foreign, of another country or lan-
guage. From the same base, perhaps,
with panne (q. v.), out of the way.
Vbl. n. penwmweyeum [pendwe-um], it
is different, strange, Proy. 21,8. Caus.
inan. penwwehteau, he makes (it) differ-
ent, distinguishes (it), Lev. 11,47. Cf.
nanwe.

[Abn. piri, pir8i, ‘indicat novitatem’ ;
pirié, nouveau. Del. pili, another,
Zeisb. }

*penqmon, n. a boat, Mass. Ps., John 6, 22.

See *pemnog.

pen®wanumau, penuan-, y.t. an. to

have a difference with, to contend
with (him). Suppos. part. penuanu-
mont, when contending with, Job 9, 3;
up-penuanumo-uh, they contended with
them, Proy. 28,4. V. mutual an. penua-
nittuog, they contend with each other,
‘are at strife’, 2 Sam. 19,9. Vbl. n.
penudnittuonk, mutual strife, contention,
Gen. 13, 8; 2 K. 5, 7. Adj. -ittede, at
strife with, contentiously, Prov. 27, 15.
From penéwe (emotional an. form).

penmwohkomuk, penuwoh-, n. a

strange place, Ex. 2, 22.

penomwoht, penuwot, (contracted form

of the preceding) n. a stranger, one dif-
ferent, a foreigner, Proy. 5, 20; Deut.
27, 19; pl. -tedog, strangers ( pen@wohtea,
astranger, C.). Used by Eliot for ‘the
heathen’, Ezek. 36, 3,4. Adj. -ohtede,
foreign, Ezra 10, 11.

[Narr. nip-penowantawem, I am of
another language, R. W. 31. Abn. ne-
pirsandé, je parle une language étran-
gére. ]

TEUMBULL]

penowohteau, y. i. he is strange or un-
like bynature. From pendweand ohteau,
he is a stranger or foreigner.

penmwomai, n. a difference, Ezek.
26; 44, 23.

penuanumau. See penmwanumau.

penugquékontu. See punukquékontu.

penuhkav, y. t. an. and inan. he casts

99

22,

NATICK -ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|
}

|

(it) down upon (him); up-penuhkau-oh, |
‘he cast (it) down upon them’, Josh. |

10, 11. Cf. penohkonau.

penuhteau, v. t. inan. it casts (it) down,
he casts (himself) down upon
ground, 1 K. 18, 42; Dan. 8,10. Caus.
he makes it fall (?).

the |

penushav, y. i. he falls; inan. subj. pe- |

nusheau, it falls (as a flower, ‘fadeth’,
Is. 40, 7, 8; nup-pinisshom, I fall, C.).
Vbl. n. penushaonk, falling, a fall. Cf.
petshau, he falls into; pogkishin, an.
pogkussu, he drops, falls inanimately;
chauopsheau, he falls into the water;

kitchisahshau, he falls into the fire; kep- |

|
|

shau, he falls by stumbling or by reason |

of an obstacle, ete.

[Abn. peniré, il tombe d’en haut.
The corresponding primary verb is not
found in Eliot. From it penushaw is
formed by adding sh (marking mis-
chance) to the root. Old Alg. pankisin,

to fall. ]
penuwohkomuk.
penuwot.
pedénogok. See pemaogok.
*peontaem, a boat or canoe, C.
*pemnog, n.a little ship, Mass. Ps., John

21,8. Cf. kehtanog (kehte-6nog), a ship.

So, peawe-6nog, the small conveyance.

These names were framed for English

and foreign boats, as distinguished from

the canoe (mishan) or Indian boat.

See penmwohkomuk.
See penwmwoht.

They do not appear to haye been widely.

used,
[Abn. ket8rak8, a ship; saiirspésrags,
a barque. ]
pepemsque, adj. and ady. (badly) con-
torted. Intens. or freq. form of pem-
squau (Narr. pemisqudai, q. y.), of the
serpent, ‘crooked’, Job 26, 13; Is. 27, 1.
From pém (twisted) with squ [=skow],

the mark of badness, violence, or mis- |

chance. Cf. pemsquoh.
[Narr. pendyi, crooked; pemisqudi,
crooked or winding, R. W. 56.]

123

pépemsqunnumomonk, ybl. n.a wreath,
Zi@hra4s 125 ss
pepemsqushav, vy. i. ‘it whirleth about’
(of the shifting wind), Eccl. 1, 6.
pepenam, y. t. inan. he selects, chooses
(it), Gen. 13, 11; Is. 40, 20; v. an. pe-
Adj. pepe-
naue, selected, Jer. 49, 19.
From pendwe, ‘he differences it’.
[Del. pipinamen, to choose, Zeisb. }
pepenautchitchunkquonk, -uhquok,
a mirror, Ex. 38, 8; 2 Cor. 3, 18;

penau, he chooses (him).
chosen,

n.
James 1, 23; (pl.) Is. 3, 25.
[ Narr.
looking-glass, R. W.
Zeisb. ]
pepummu, y. t. (-ma, y. i.), he shoots
often, continues shooting. Freq. of
pummu, q. V-
[Narr. pepemdi, ‘he is gone to hunt
or fowl’, R. W.]
pépumwaen(u), n. agent.
shoots often or habitually; pl. -nuog,
‘archers’, Judg. 5, 11; ‘shooters’, 2
Sam. 11, 24.
*pequawus (Narr. ), n.a gray fox, R. W.

pebenochichauqudnick (2),

Del.

a

pepenaus,

one who

95; pequas, a fox, Wood.

péshaui, y. i. (1) it blossoms, puts out
flowers: pish peshauau, it (for an. he)
shall blossom. (2) n. a flower, James

1, 10; pl. -aénash, 2 Chr. 4, 5. Com-
monly with prefix of 3d pers. See up-

Cf. (freq. ) paspishau, (intens. )
pasishau, and pashksheau.

[Abn. abasiar (pl.), ils bourgeonnent;
pé tses8 abaiin, le pain enfle. ]

*peshaui ( Narr. ), blue; peshatiiuash (pl. ),
violet-leaves, R. W.; peshai, blue, C.

[Abn. titiens, blue paint; petidiens,
violet. Chip. apissi, violet; apissin, it
is of a violet or dark-blue color, livid,
black-blue, Bar. ]

*peskhoémmin (Narr.) y. i. (1) it thun-
ders (‘to thunder’, R. W.). (2) it ex-
plodes, as a gun; ‘to discharge a gun’.
Suppos. inan. concrete péskunck, that
which thunders, agun. Cf. paskuhkom,
he bursts (it); pashksheau, it bursts
asunder.

[Abn. ne-péskam, I fire a gun; aSenni

péshau.

peskak, who shoots?; paskSias8, (the
gun) bursts. Cree pdskes-wéosoo, he
shoots himself; pdoskoopithu, it bursts
(from within), likea gun; pdske-pithu,

124

*peskh6mmin—continued.
it bursts (from without), as a bladder;
pissiikee-puthu, it splinters; paskesiggun,

agun. Old Alg. paskisigan. Del. poak

sacan and pai achk hi can, gun; paiach |

kam men, to fire a gun, Zeisb. ]
*pésuponck (Narr.), n. ‘an hothouse’,

“a kind of little cell or cave . . . into

[which] frequently the men enter after

they have exceedingly heated it with |

store of wood, laid upon an heap of
stones in the middle,’ ete. ‘‘Here do

sweating togeth-
Verbal from *pésup-

they sit round, .
er.’’—R. W. 158.
pat.
*pésuppat-og (Narr.), v. 1.
are sweating, R. W. 158.
[Cree net’-appdoysin, | sweat.

(pl.) they

Chip.
nind-dbwes, Bar. ]

*pétacaus (Narr. ), n. ‘an English waist-
coat’; dimin. petacawsunnése, ‘a little
waistcoat’, R. W. 107. From puttog-
queu, he hides himself (?). Cf. puttog-
quequohhou, a veil.

Is.

29 6

petan, n. a quiver, Job 39, 23; 22,
From peétau.
[Abn. pitaraiin. ]
petashqushaonk, petaoshq-, vbl. n. an
outside garment, ‘cloak’, Is. 59, 17;
Luke 6, 29; ‘vesture’, Ps. 102, 26.
*petasinna (Narr.), ‘give me some to-
bacco’, R. W. 35.
pétau, v. t. he puts (it) into, Ex. 37, 5,
38,7. Imperat. petaush, put thou (it) into
(it), Gen. 44, 1. Suppos. inan. con-
crete petunk (that which is put into),
Intens.
(involuntary action) petshau, he falls
into.

a bag or pouch; petogge, Wood.

From peyau, caus. an. (?).
[Abn. ne-pi'ran, I put it into; 3d pers.
api rar; ne-téeplsn, 1 put tt in (a dish,
or the like). Cree péetche
(prep.), in, within; péethis, until, unto.

vessel,

pi-, as an ‘instrumentive characteristic’
of verbs, implies action performed ‘with
thearm’,‘he pulls’ [ef. nv pit (muhpit) ],
Howse 87; péetenum, he puts it in; péeta-
hum, he thrusts it in; péechenum, he
puts it in the inside, Howse 34. Del.
pin den, to put in, to fill, Zeisb.]
petaug.
petehennitchab, peht-, pethen-, peht-
tuhh-, n. a finger ring (or bracelet).
From pet-auun, putinto, nutch, the hand,

See *petogge.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

. | who is proud, Job 40, 12.

[BULLETIN 25-

petehennitchab, ete.—continued.
and appu, it remains: ‘that which the
hand remains put into’; pl. -abpeash.
Ct. kéhtippitténadb, bracelet, Is. 3, 19
(kéhtetipetendpeash, pl., Ex. 35, 22).

pethompdakeau, vy. i. he creeps in; pl.
-eog, Jude 4. Cf. pamompagin.

pethotdcheg, part. pl. (suppos.) they
who creep into, 2 Tim. 3, 6. Cf. pam-
ompagin.

| *petogge [= petaug?], a bag, Wood.

*petouwassinug (Narr.), n. ‘their to-
bacco-bag, which hangs at their neck,
or sticks at their girdle, which is to
them instead of an English pocket.’”?—
R. W. 108.

petshau, v. i.
snare), Amos 3, 5; Ps. 7, 15; suppos.

he falls into (a pit or

petshonit, when he falls; part. petshunt,

when falling. From pétau, with sh of

mischance or involuntary action. Cf.
pehcheu; penushau.
| pétudnum, peht-, pittu-, y. i. he is

proud; suppos. noh pohtudnumwit, he
Ady. pétud-

57, 17 ( petu-
anuméé and -mboé, proudly, haughtily,
C.). Vbl. n. petudnumaonk, pride, Job-
33, 17; Prov. 14, 3; 16, 18.

pétukau, y. i. he goes (is going) into,
Judg. 18,9; 1K. 3,7. From pétau, with
’k progressive.

| numwu, ‘frowardly’, Is.

[Cree péetook-ayoo, Howse 268. ]

petukodtum, y. t. he brings (it) into:

kup-petukodtomwo, ye bring (it) in,

Hag. 1, 6; with inan. subj. petukodtau,

Dan. 9, 24.
pétukqui, petuhki, puttukqui, vy. i. it
| is round; adj. round: pe-
| tukhi, a small round thing, 1 K. 10, 19.
From pétaw and uhqude, it goes in at the
Ct.

peamesan

ends, the end goes in or returns.
puttogham, he covers, incloses (?).
[Narr. puttickqui. Abn. petegSi. Cree
pittikwow, it is spherical. Del. ptuk-
hican, a round ball; ptuequiminschi,
{round-nut tree] a black-walnut tree,
Zeisb. Voc. 27, 53.]
petukqunneg, n. a (round) cake, a cake
or loaf of bread, Matt. 7, 9 (petukquineg,
C.); pl. +-ash, Judg. 6, 19, 20; -ganash,
Matt. 15, 36; n.
bread, Mark 8, 4.

coll. petukqunnunk..

(Narr. puttuckqunnége, a cake. ]

*TRUMBULL]

petutteau, v. t. he enters, goes into,
Gen. 24, 32; Ex. 24, 18; imperat. 2d
pers. sing. pétutteash, come thou in,
enter in, Gen. 24,31. From pétau.
[Narr. pétitees, ‘come in’, R. W. 30.
Abn. petaSighé, he enters. ]
peii, peéu, or peweu, v. i. it is little, it
is small: péeu onk, (it is) less than,
Ezra 9,16. This primary verb (rep-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

125

| pish—continued.
p

resented by Cotton’s peawe) is rarely |

found in Eliot by itself, but to it must
be referred a gieat number of modal
and derivate forms. Caus. péeheau, he
makes (him) small, causes him to be
small; pass. he is made small (or ‘low’,
James 1, 10): kuppeh-esh, I make thee
small, Jer. 49, 15; Obad. 2. Imperat.
péeuh, ‘bring (thou) him low ’, Job

40, 12. See pedsin.
*pewe. See *peawe.
peweu. See péii.

peyau, y. i. he comes hither; imperat.
peyaush, come thou; peyunk (-onk,
-onch), come ye; suppos. part. payont,
when coming; v. t. an. peyauau, he
comes to (him): kwp-peyaunsh, I come
to thee, Ex. 18, 6.

[Narr. peydu, he is come; peeyduog,
they are come, R. W. 48,49. Abn. ne-
ba, je viens; i8 abaiin, il vientici. Cree
pey-, péyche, hitherward. Del. peii or
peyeya, he comes; part. payat; infin.
paan; imperat. pl. paak; pe ye yu, it
comes, Zeisb. ]

piahquttum, y. t. he has authority over,

is master of (it); suppos. noh piahquttuk |

wetu, ‘the master of the house’, Mark
13, 35; infin. piahquttwmunat, (to have)
authority, v.34. As adj.and adv. piah-
quitumwe, chief, principal, Gen. 40, 2.

[ Narr. nt-acquétunck ewd, he is my sub-
ject; kut-dequétous, 1 will (be) subject
to you. ‘Beside their general subjec-
tion to the highest sachems, . . . they
have also particular protectors, under
sachems’’, ete., R. W. 120, 121. Abn.
netebérghé, je gouverne. |

piogqué, n. adj. ten. See piuk.

pish, the auxiliary of the (indicative)
future tense, will or shall; ‘a word sig-
nifiying futurity’, El. Gr. 20. [Is this
pi-tch, a participle from pey-, the radical
of pay-au, ‘the coming’, ‘that which is

to come’? Cf. the future,
the ‘to come’, C.]

{Narr. pitch; pitch wkéetom, shall I
recover my health?; pitch nip-pdutowin,
I will bring it to you, R. W. Cree
patoos, hereafter; (chéskwa, presently )

paomamon,

pd-chéskwa, presently (with emphasis) ;
pa, indecl. particle, the sign of the con-
ditional (as is g@ of the indicative)
future, Howse 199. Chip. tah: tah atta,
it shall or will be, Sch. 11, 441. Miem.
apch, ‘ensuite’, Maill. 28.]

pish idgk6sishosho, it shall distil (as
dew ), i. e. moisten, make moist, Deut.
32, 2. See ogqushki.

-pisk. See muppisk (m’pisk), the back.

-pisk, in comp. words. See ompsk, rock.

piskeu. See pipiske, double.

| pissagk, pusseog, -agquan, n. mire,

mud, dirt, Is. 57, 20; Job 41, 31; 8, 11.
Adj. pisseagquane, ‘miry’, Ps. 40, 2;
-eogquane, Ezek. 47, 11 (pussoqua we-
yaus, ‘corrupted flesh or rotten’; pis-
sogquam-mna@, it sticks to; pissugk ut
toumayog, ‘dirt in the streets’, C.,
=pisseogq ut mai-kontu, El. in Zech.
Oe)
[Abn. pesagsé, gluant (asesk8, houe);

psazeské, boueux, bourbeux; p&skenigan,
fosse. ]

pissaumatoonk, n.a matter of business,
‘suit’ or ‘cause’, Ex. 18, 22; 2 Sam.
15, 4 (pl. -atuongash, ‘weighty matters’,
C.).

pissenum, pissogkinnum, y. t. he flays,
skins (it); an. pissenumduaog wuttuh-
quabe, they flay off their skin, Micah

By Bt ;

pisseogquayeuonk ( pisseogq-ayeu-onk),

See pissi.

n. pl. -ongash, miry places, Ezek.
47, 11.

pissi, pusseu, y. i. it sticks, adheres, is
sticky. (This, the primary verb, is not

found in Eliot, except in the supposi-
tive concrete, pissag.)
Cf. Greek 7i66a.
pissishdonk (?), n. ‘matters’ of business,
employment, Ex. 24, 14 ( pissaiyeuonk,

See puppissi.

employment, C.). See pissaumatéonk.
pissogkinnumwe, adj. peeled, skinned,
Is. 18, 2,7; an. pissogkinausu, Ezek. 29,
18. See pissenum, he flays, skins (it).
[Abn. pessihadasss, il écorche. ]

126 BUREAU

pissogqsheau, v. i. it sticks, cleaves fast,
by mischance, Lam. 4, 4; suppos.
pissogqshunk, when it sticks or cleaves,
JODEoLs we
sticks.
voluntary action.

pissogquodtin, pisseog-, pissug-, n.
the rot or blasting of grain, Deut. 28,
22: 1 K. 8, 37; Amos 4, 9.

*pittakinnam (Narr.), v. i.

back: nip-pittakimnamun, 1 must go |
back; pittickish, go thou back; pittucké-

tuck, let us go back, R. W. 76, 77. Cf.
petukau; petukodtum. (Perhaps R. W.
mistook the signification of this word,
‘T go back’, for ‘I go into the house’. )
pittu, -eu (?), n. pitch, Is. 54, 9.
[Cree picku, gum or pitch, Howse 20. ]
pittuanum.
piuhsuke, prep. ‘over against’, Neh.

See pitudnum, he is proud.

3, 28, 25, 26; adv. fittingly, fitting
(piuhsukke, ‘exact, right’ (?); piwhsik-

kéytue, ‘plainly’, C.):
tedmuk, ‘fitly framed together’, Eph. 2,
21; wunne piuhsukehtunk, fitly joined
together, Eph. 4, 16, i. e. made to fit;

piuhsuke moeh-

an. subj. pissoggshau, he
From pissagk-ue, with sh of in-

he goes

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

suppos. of piuhsukehteau, v. caus. (nan. |

subj.). See pdpiuhsuke.

piuk, num. ten; pl. an. piukqussuog; inan.
-qussuash, El. Gr. 14. Adj. piogqué,
pioqué, Deut. 32, 30; Ezek. 45, 14; piogkut
nompe (to the tenth time), ten times,
Gen. 31, 7 (inan. pl. piukquttash, Ex.
3, 28).

[Narr. piiick, R. W., =Peq. piugg,
Stiles. Abn. Cree
Chip. middsswi, Bar.; me das we, Sch.
Miem. m’teln, Maill.]

poakussohhug mukgs, ‘he
ear through’ with an awl,
Cf. sogkussohhou, an earring.
poanatam, -antam, y. i. he
mirth’, is mirthful, Ezek. 21,10. Adj.
and ady. pddnittamwe, mirthfully, Ecel.
(45. Vibls ns
Eccl. 2, 1, 2. See hahdnu, he laughs.
-pog, -paug, in comp. words water. It
represents the suppos. inan. concrete
form of ‘pi (n’pi, nippé), ‘where water
i nippe was not used in composition.

mtara. métatat.

bores his
Ex. 21; 6:

is?
-pog, the noun generic, was not used

separately. Cf. nunni-pog,‘ fresh wa-

[BULLETIN 25

-pog, -paug—continued.
Ps. 107, 35, and woskeche sepu-pog-wut,
on the surface of (upon) the waters of
the river, Dan. 12, 6 (=sepué nippe-it,
v.7); tohkekommu-pog (under tohkekom),
running (or spring) water, Num. 19,
17; Josh. 15, 19; mishippag (mishe-pog),
much water, John 3, 23; sonki-pog, cool
water, Proy. 25, 25; Matt. 10, 42; séippog,
‘salt water’, James 3, 12; uppauppog,
‘abundance of waters (cover thee)’,
Job 22, 11.

poggohham, pogkoh-, pogguh-, v. t.
(1) he threshes or pounds out grain,
Judg.6,11. (2) he beats or knocks (it),
pounds (it), strikes (it) with force;
pret. pogkuhhum-up, he was threshing
(wheat), 1 Chr. 21, 20. Adj. and adv.
-hamme, -hamwde, of or for threshing,
Is. 41, 15. The primary meaning is to
beat out, to separate or divide by beat-
ing. From pohqunnum, or rather poh-
qui, it is broken.

[Narr. pockhémmin, to beat or thresh
out, R. W. Abn. ne-bagkhéhiminé, je
bats (le blé); ne-banktéhan, je le bats.
Cree piickamahum, he knocketh it,
strikes it with foree, Howse. Chip.

he strikes, Sch. m, 424;
puk-ud-ai and poc-kee-tay, ibid. 468. ]

puk-e-tai, v. t.

pogkenau, y. t. an. (1) he casts away,

Is. 31, 7 (pakenau, C.). (2) he puts
(him) away. (3) he divorces (her).
Suppos. noh pagkenont, he who puts
away or divorces, Matt. 19, 9; imperat.
pogkes, cast (her) out, Gen. 21, 10; Gal.
4, 30; pl. pogkenmk, Gen. 35, 2; suppos.
pass. noh pognit, she (when) divorced,
put away, Lev. 22, 15.

[Abn. ne-baghirai, j abandonne (ho-
minem vel mulierem, ete. ).]

| p6gkenum, vy. i. he is blind; pl. —wog,

‘makes |

poanatama@onk, mirth, |

|

ter’, James 3, 12; sépu, ariver of water, |
) ) > SEepu, ’

+ mog, Is. 42, 16; 56, 10; suppos. noh
pogkenuk, he who is blind (=noh pd-
kunut, Mass. Ps., John 10, 21); pl. pog-
kenukeg, the blind, Is. 35,5. Adj. pog-
kenumide, Is. 42, 7 (paukinnumme, C.).
From pohkeni, it is dark.

(Narr. v’ péckunnum, Lam blind; pau-
kimnum, dark, R. W.]

pogkesu, v. i. act. an. heis putting away or

casting off. Eliot occasionally uses this
form of the verb (which, in the indicat.
3d_pers., corresponds with his ‘adjec-

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 127

pogkesu—continued.
tive-animate’), as in Ps. 43: tohwhutch
pogkésean, Why dost thou cast me off?

[Abn. pakatsi8i, ‘loin de nous; a
Vécart’. ] = |

pogketam, v. t. inan. he casts (it) away,
puts (it) from him (paketam, C.):
nup-pogketam, I cast off, 2 K. 23, 27:
imperat. pogetash, cast thou (it) out,
Matt. 7, 5; suppos. pogketog, when he
casts (it) off. |

[Narr. 1’ pakétam, I will put her away; |
aque pakétash, do not put away; n’pa-
kénaqun, | am put away, R. W. 126.
(In the first two examples he has used
the inan. pogketam for the an. pogkenau. ) |
Old Alg. packitan, I abandon or forsake,
Lah. Abn. ne-baghitamen, j’abandonne |
cela. Del. pakiton, he throws (it)
away. |

pogkodantam. See piikodtamtdn.

pogkohham. See poggohham.

pogkomunk, n. a rod, a stick (carried in
the hand), Ex. 21, 20; Prov. 29, 15: pog-
komunkquonk, a stake, Is. 54, 2; -muh-
quonk, a pillar, Gen. 28, 18, 22; 31, 45.

[Cree prickamoggun, a club or cudgel,

Howse. |

pogkussu, v. i. act. an. he drops, falls
(as an inan. body, or without external
cause. See penushau); suppos. howan
woh pogkussit, ‘whoever shall fall’,
Matt. 21, 44. With inan. subj. pogk-
ishin(ni), it falls; pl. -neash, Nah. 1, 12;
suppos. ne pogshunk, it (when) falling,
Is. 34,4. See pwohkehchuaii.

(Cree pdhkesin, he falls (as in walk-
ing), Howse 80. Alg. pangisin, il tombe
(un objet inan. ).]

pohchanutch, -nitch, n. a finger; 3d
pers. uppoh-, his finger. V. subst. pah-
chanitchau, he has fingers (is fingered),
2 Sam. 21, 20. From pohshe, divided,
and -nutch (menutcheg), Mand. Ct.
pahchasit, toe, from pohshe and -sit, foot.

*pohchatuk, pl. + quinash, a bough, C.
See pokshau.

pohchau, y. i. he turns aside, deviates. |
See pahchau. |

pohkeni, -ndi, vy. i. it is dark; adj. dark;
n. darkness, Gen. 15, 17; Is. 5, 20; 45, 7;
Amos 5, 18: pohken-ahtu, in darkness, |
Keel. 2, 14. Ady. and adj. pokende,
darkly, obscurely, Job 22, 13; 1 Cor. |

|
|

pohkeni, -ndai—continued.

13, 12. Intens. pohpohkeni, Job 24, 15.
Related to pohki, clear, open, as lucus
to lucendo, ete. See patipakinasik; pog-
kenum; ef. kuppogki.

[Narr. paukiinnum, dark,R.W. Abn.
pekenem, pekeneghe. Del. packenam, very
dark, Hkw. ]

| pohkenittipukwk — [ pohkeni-tipukwk],

‘in the dark night’, Prov. 7, 9. See
*hippaco.

[Narr. péppakunnetch, ‘dark night’
(= po-pohkenit, when it is very dark),
R. W.]

pohki, pahke, y. i. (1) it is clear, trans-
parent, that may be seen through,
pervious, Rey. 21,11, 18. (2) Adj. clean,
pure, Ley. 11, 36; Proy. 30, 5: Ps. 51,
10. As adv. pakke (and pohkiyeu, C.),
clearly, plainly. Suppos. inan. péhkok,
when it is clear; hence, the (clear)
sky, Matt. 16, 2,3; Ps. 77, 17; and poh-
kohquodt, when clear, in clear weather,
a clear day. (Cotton has pahke and
pohkiyeu, ‘clearly’ ; pohkoiyeue, ‘clean’;
pahkeyéué, ‘cleanlily’.) See pohquie,
open, manifest.

The three roots, pohk, (pak), pohq
(pogh), pohsh (pdsh or pdj), have all
the same ultimate base, with the idea
of division or separation into parts.
pohq- and its derivatives denote the
act of separating (breaking, opening,
beating out, etc.); pohsh-, the fact of
division or partition ( pohshe, half, part
of, ete.), and pohk (pohki, pakke) the
result of separation, openness, per-
viousness, a going through. [Cf. Tamil
pag-u, to divide, to share; pdr, to cleave;
pal, a part, a portion; pang-u, a share,
Caldw. 446, 475. Sansk. bhag, dividere;
bhag, dividere, distribuere; bhd/ga, pars,
portio; bhaig, frangere; pakshd, latus,
dimidia pars mensis. These groups
of derivatives from a common root
correspond nearly with English (and
Anglo-Saxon) words beginning with
THR: thorough, through, throw (=to
through, A. 8. thrawan), thrust, thrash
(A. S. therse-an), threshold (A. S.
thersc-el, thracs-wald), thread, throat,
throttle, thrill (A.-S. thirlian) , and drill,
ete. ]

{ Narr. pauqui, pduquaquat, ‘it holds

128 BUREAU

pohki, pahke—continued.
up’ (i. e. the sky clears), R. W. 82.
Abn. paiigSiSi, purement, sans mélange
(paiigSi8i Sios, L eat clear meat); pa ksé,
an arrow; pi kaiin, thread. ]

pohkohquodtae, ady. when clear, in a |

clear day, Amos 8, 9.
pohkshau. See pokshau.
*pohkuhtimis, n. white oak, C.

*paugaulemisk.
pohpohkussu, n. a partridge, 1 Sam. 26,

20. See pahpahkshas; ct. pohpohquttog,

See pohki.

quails.

pohpaquesit, suppos. part. (one who is)
lame; pl. -tcheg, Acts 8, 7. See poh-
qussittont.

pohpu.

pohqude, adj. open, manifest, 1 Sam. 3, 1;
Prov. 27, 5 (pohquae, public, C.). Ady.
-aeu, openly, Matt. 6, 4, 6. (Another
form of pohki. )

pohqudshinne (mnovihkdiyew), open (val-
ley), Ezek. 37, 2; pohquashinne ohteuk,
open field, Ezek. 16, 5; 33, 27; 39, 5.

See pompu.

pohquetahham, v. t. he continues break-

ing (it), habitually breaks, Ps. 107, 16.
Imperat. pohquetdhash wépitteash, break
thou their teeth, Ps. 58, 6.

[MARGINAL NOTE.—‘‘ Or causative?—or by
pounding? [Howse,] Cree [Grammar], 87. Cf.
sohquttahham.”’}

pohqui, v. i. it breaks, is broken. Asadj.
broken, Ps. 51, 17 (and pohquiyeu, Is.
36, 6). pass.
broken; hence, n. a brand, a fragment
of wood, Judg. 15, +; Amos. 4, 11.
papokquog; pohsheau; pokshau.

Suppos.

See

[Cree pake, part, some (ady. of quan- |
Del. poo ktees (dimin.), ‘a little |

tity).
junk of fire’, Zeisb.]
pohqunnum, vy. t. he breaks (it) with
his hands, Is. 28, 24; Ezek. 4, 16; map-
poqun, I break (it), Jer. 30, 8; 49, 35.
With an. obj. pohquanau, -quenau, he
breaks (him), Jer. 31, 28; Ps. 46, 9
(pohquanum, he opens; pohquanish
usquont, open the door; nup-pohqun, I
break (a law), C. The last example is
bad, verbs in wiawm always denoting
action of the hand, or physical action).
[ Narr. pauquanamiimnea, open (thou)
to me the door, R. W. Cree péekoo-
pithu, it breaks; peekéonayoo, he breaks
it (by hand). ]

OF AMERICAN

See |

pohqut, when

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

| pohqunnutchont (from pohqui and nutch,

with the form of the suppositive active
participle), having a broken hand, Ley.
21,19.
pohquodche, as prep. without, outside
of (Lev. 9, 11); primarily, in open air,
out of Suppos. pohquadchit
(when) without, out of doors, in open
air, Gen. 24, 31; Ex. 21, 19; Lev. 10, 45.
(Narr. pucqiatchick, R. W. Abn.
pekSatse-mek, hors de la maison, de-
hors. ]

doors.

pohquohham, y.i. he goesclear, escapes;

imperat. pohquohush, escape thou, Gen.
19, 17; caus. pohquohwhunau (for -quo-
hehhaw), he makes (him) go clear, de-
livers (him); imperat. pohquohwhus kuh-
hog, save thyself, Luke 23, 37,39. From
pohki or pohqui, and am, he goes. [Nup-
poquohwussu, ete., our Savior (title-page
of N.T.); nup-pohquohwussuaen, deliv-
erer, Judg.3,9; nup-pohquohwussu-én, my
Savior, 2 Sam. 22, 2; kup-pohquohwussu-
aeneum, thy (own) Savior, Is. 43, 3; noh-
pohquoh-whunont, he who saves (them),
who delivers, Judg. 3, 9;1 Tim. 4, 10;
woi ken pohquohwussmaen, O thou that
savest! Ps. 17, 7; up-pohquohwhun-oh,
he saveth them, Ps. 107, 13, 19, 20; de-
livered them, v. 6; nag pohquoh whun-

noncheh Jehovah, the redeemed of the
Lord, Ps. 107, 2; péhquetahham, he cuts
(it) asunder, Ps. 107, 16; tomohinnean,
deliver thou us, Judg. 10, 15; pohquah-
sseh, deliver thou me (intr. ), Ps. 119,
153; pohquah whuneh wutch, deliver
thou me from, Ps. 119, 134; pohguah
evil men, Ps. 140, 1
(—— my persecutors, Ps. 142, 6); poh-
quah wussinan wutch, deliver thou us
from, 1 Sam. 12, 10; pohquah wussinean,
deliver thou us (intr. ), Ps. 79,9; pohquah
whunittuonk, deliverance, Judg. 15, 18;
pohquoh hamoonk, escaping, Ezra 9, 14;
wutch num-matcheseonganundnash, our
iniquities, Ezra 9, 6, 7; nup-pohqinum
nummeesunk, I plucked off my hair,
Ezra 9, 3.]

[Nore.—The examples inclosed in brackets
under this definition appear on a loose slip in-

serted in the manuscript. They were neither
revised nor arranged by the compiler.]

uw

wusseh wutch,

[Del. pol gun, ‘escaped from me’,
Zeisb.]

TRUMBULL]

pohqussittont, haying a broken foot,
Ley. 21, 19. Freq. pohpmquesit, one
who is lame (pl. -tcheg, Acts 8, 7).
From pohqui and im’ seet (musseet).

pohsahteg, a (miry?) pit, Ps. 40, 2.
passbhtham,; pissagk.

pohshane, ady. fully, completely, thor-
oughly, Col. 1, 25. See pakodche.

pohshe, pahshe, it halves, divides in
two, is severed; a half, a part of, some
of (as opposed to wame, the whole of),
Ex. 24, 6; 37,1; Deut. 12, 7; Luke 19, 8;
Rey. 8, 1; 11, 9,11. See pohqui. (Ct.
Sansk. paksha, a side, half (a month).
Zend. pas, yek-pdsh, one half (Engl.
piece). Tamul pag-ir, to divide; pdl, a
part. )

[Narr. paishe, ‘some’; poquésu, half

(of an. obj.), R. W. Abn. ps‘k8ies
(inan.), -ié, la moietie en large. Del.
pachsiwi (an.?), half, Zeisb.]

pohsheau, vy. i. it divides in two, cleaves
asunder, halves itself, Zech. 14,4. Cf.
pokshau, he breaks (by violence); pas-
ishau, it bursts; pohqui, it breaks.

pohshequde, puhsh-, ady. at noonday,
Job 5, 4 (puhshaqua-ut, Acts 10, 9).
From pohshe, half the day or sun’s
course.

[Narr. paushaqiaw, paweshaquaw, R.

W. 67. Abn. pask&. Del. pachhac-
queke, Zeisb. ]

pohshinau, y. t. an. he divides (him) in
two, halves (him): pish up-péhshin-dith,
they shall divide it (an animal), Ex.
21, 35.

pohshinun,, y. t. inan. he divides (it),
halves (it); pl. +-wog, Ex. 21,35. Cf.

pasinnum.

See

[Narr. paushiniim-min, to divide (into |

Del.

two). Abn. ne-psikassi, ‘je fens’.
pachsenum-men (infin. ), Zeisb.]

pohshittahham, y. t. inan. he cuts (it)
in two, Is. 45, 2; Zech. 11, 10.

poke. See pooke.

pokshau, pohkshau, y. t. he breaks
(an. obj.) with force or violence; with
inan. subj. poksheau, it breaks, is
broken; with inan. obj. pokshadtau, he
breaks (it), Ps. 107, 16; Jer. 28, 4.
Suppos. an. part. pokshont, when break-
ing, 2 Sam. 22, 35. Adj. and ady.
pokshae, broken, Jer. 2, 13. Vbl. n.
pokshaonk, a breaking, a breach, Proy.

B. A. E., Buu. 25: 9

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 12

|

Je)

pokshau, pohkshau—continued.
15, 4; Is. 30, 13.
divides in two; pohqui, it breaks.

[Narr. pokesha, -shawwa, ‘itis broke’;
pokeshattouwin, to break, R. W.]

poksunkquonk, n. a saw, Is. 10,15. See
tussonkquonk.

[Abn. psipoda8aiigan, temipodaigai.
Del. pachkschican, a knife; pachschach-
quoacan, a board-saw, Zeisb.]

pomahhom. See pomohhoi.

pomantam, y. i. he lives, Gen. 5, 10, 16,
19, ete.; suppos. pomantog, when he
lives (or lived), Gen. 5, 12, 13, 15, 18,
etc.; part. (indic.) pamontamunutch, liv-
ing, 1 K.3,26. Adj. and ady. -tamwée,
living. Vbl. n. pomantamdonk, living,
life. From pdme (or pam), it con-
tinues, with -antam, the formative of
verbs of mental and emotional activity.
See pime. An earlier derivative, pémetu
(pém-ohteau), he ‘continues to be’, is
not found in Eliot, but he has its
verbal, pometuonk (q. v.).

(Narr. as-n’paumpmaintam, Lam very
well (am yet alive) ; tawbiit paump maiin-
taman, I am glad you are well, R. W.
Abn. n8ri-pemaiissi, je suis en bonne
santé. Cree pémoot-ayoo, he walks;
pemdat-issu, he is alive; pémoot-aymagun,
it goes (as a watch), Howse 36, 80.
Del. pommauchsu, he lives; part. (sup-
pos. ), pemauchsit, Zeisb. Gr.]

pometuonk, n. vbl. (from pometu; see
pémantam) a generation, Eccl. 1, 4;
Deut. 32, 5.

pomitchuwan (it flows, goes on), ‘run-
ning water’.

pomohhom, pomah-, y. i. he goes by
water, sails, Acts 27,9. Vbl. n. -moonk,
going by water, a voyage, Acts 27, 10.
Agentive pumméhhamwaen(u), pl.-nuog,
‘mariners’ (Jonah 1, 5), those going
(habitually) on the sea. From pummoh
or pdme (q. vy.) and wom, he goes.

[Cree pimdsu, he sails. ]

pomompagée, adj. creeping, crawling,
Ley. 11, 44, 46. See pamompagin.

pompasuhkonk, n. ybl. a ball (to play
with), Is. 22, 18.

pompu, pohpu, y. i. he plays, is playing
(puhpu, he plays, C.); pl. og, they
play, Ex. 32, 6; Zech. 8, 5; t. an. porh-
pau, he plays with or for (him): sun

See pohsheau, it

See pamitchuan.

130

pompu, pohpu—continued.
woh pompeh, wilt thou play with him?
Job 41, 5 (puhpiiog, they play; puhpin-
neat, to play, C.). Vbl. n. pompuonk,

play, sport, Judg. 16, 25 (puhpionk,
playing; pompoonk, recreation, C.;

pohmpaoonk, Ind. Laws, Iv).
[Narr. pauochaiog, they are playing,

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

R. W. Cree pdpu, he laughs; intens.
pipdpu; freq. pdpisku. Chip. (St |
Marys) pai-pé, (Sag.) pah-pa, he |

laughs, Sch. m1, 469. Del. papaby (for
papahy?), to play, Zeisb. ]

pompuhchdi, n. a member, organ, limb,
or part of the body, 1 Cor. 12, 14, 19, 26;
pl. + yeuash, 1 Cor. 6, 15; ukkosue pom-
puhehdi, the virile organ, Deut. 23, 1.
N. collect. pompuhchdinneunk, all the
members or organs collectively, 1 Cor.
12; 26:

pomushau, y. i. (1) he walks. (2) he
journeys, goes a journey, 1 K. 18, 27;
2 K. 10, 31; but in this sense the freq.
popomushaw is more commonly used.
(3) he goes or passes by. Suppos. po-
mushadt (and pamwushadt), when he
walks, if he walk, Ex. 21, 19; Gen. 3, 8;
noh pomushadt, he who walks, John 12,

35.

With inan. subj. pdmsheau, pam-
iishau, it goes on, passes, is past; pass.
inan. (pdmsheomm) paumushimo, it is
Jer. 6, 4.
N. agent. pomushaen, one who is walk-

ing, a traveler; pl. -nwog, Job 31, 32.

passed by or over, Is. 40, 27;

VbL. n. pomushdonk, a journey (Gen. 24,
21; 1 K. 19, 7), a walk. Freq. popo-
mushau, -wushau, he walks much, goes
about, travels, journeys, Acts 10, 38;
Matt. 9, 35 ( papaum-); imperat. popom-
shagk, walk ye, John 12, 35; with inan.
subj. popomsheau, it moves about.
From pdme (pummeii). The primary
form of this verb appears to be pom-
ussu (see Muh. and Abn. equivalents
below), the act. intrans. form (he con-
tinues doing), as pom-antam is the sim-
ple intrans. or neuter form (he con-
tinues feeling or thinking, he lives), and

pomohhom (or pam-wom), the inact.
intrans. (he continues going, passively
or without action of his own, he sails
or goes by boat). This primary form
is energized in pomushaw by the aspi-
rate, as in the intens. ussishaw for us-

ponam.

*pongqui, shallow, ©.

[BULLETIN 25

pomushau—continued.

ussu. See ussendt; m'seet (musseet), a
foot. Cf. Sansk. pamb, ire, se movere.
{Narr. as pummissin, ‘he is not yet
departed’ (he lives yet); nowécontum
piimmishem, I have a mind to travel;
as-pumméwi, he is not gone by; pl. as-
pumméwock, R. W. This last is an ear-
lier form, which I do not find used by
Eliot* [pom-dii, he continues going or
travels to a place (see aii), goes onward,
passes by], corresponding nearly to the
y. i. inan. subj. (and impers. ) pummeit,
paamu, it goes on, passes. Abn.
pemSssé, je marche; pemSssé, il marche.
Muh. w'puimseh, I walk; paumseet, he
who walks, he walking.
I walk. Cree pémoot-ayoo, he walks.
Chip. (St Marys) pim-é-sai’, he walks,
(Sag. ) pemussay.
pemsit, Zeisb. Gr. ]

1e-

Miem. pemiéi,

Del. pomsu; suppos.

{* Note.—The compiler afterward wrote the
following in pencil on the margin:
this.

“ Correct
Eliot has the verb ash pamaadt, Luke
22,47, while he was going on, and pummeii is
y. i. inan. subj,’’]

See ponwin.

ponanau, y. t. an. he lets loose, sets

free (an an. obj. ): pish ponanau psukses
oh, he shall let loose the bird, Lev. 14, 7;
quanegk pananaw (pass.), a hind (is)
let loose, Gen. 49, 21. From annanaii,
he sends (him) away, with pa indefi-
nite or indirective prefixed.

ponashabpaen, n. agent. one who sets

nets, a fisherman; pl. -+wog, Matt. 4,
18. From ponam and ashab (hashdbp),
he sets a net.

ponaskétuwosuen, n. agent. one who

administers medicine, a physician, Jer.
8, 22; Col. 4, 14.
skehtu (moskehtu), and ussendt, he ap-
plies or administers medicine.

(Narr. maskit ponamiin, ‘give [put
on] mea plaister’, R. W. 159.]

From pon-am, (m)a-

See ponquag.

ponkque, adj. dry (it dries’): pongque

wuttin, ‘a dry wind’, Jer. 4, 11.

ponompau, vy. t. an. he makes a gift to,

‘gives gifts to’ (a woman), Ezek. 16, 54;
y. i. act. (an.), kup-ponompus, thou
givest a reward, Ezek. 16, 34.

[Abn. ne-p&natséss8é, ‘je fais presens’
(in view of marriage ). ]

TRUMBULL]

ponquag, n. a fording place, Gen. 32, 2
pongqui, shallow, C. See taaskeonk.
[Abn. paiik8kat, il y a peu d’eau dans
la riviére; pakaiSi, peu; ne-bi' kagaii-
s&ghé, je passe la riviére au guet,
Rasles. Mod. Abn. po"gua, shallow;
po"quaso, very shallow, Osunk. 46, 53.
Chip. bagwa, Bar.]

ponteam (?),v. t. with prefix: poshponteam
hassunniitonk, he digs through the wall,
Ezek. 12, 7; nag pannup-ponteaog, they
dig (quite) through (the wall), v. 12.

ponum, ponam (pmnuwim, C.), v. t. he
places, puts (it) by hand (Lat. pon-it),
Ex. 4, 6; 40, 22, 24: nup-ponam, I put
(it), 1 Sam. 28, 31. Imperat. ponsh,
put thou, Gen. 24, 2; 47, 49; ponitch,
let him put, Rom. 14,13. Suppos. ponuk,
he who puts, (and part.) putting. V. t.
an. ponau, he puts or places (him):
up-pon-uh, he put him, Gen. 2, 5; Is.
14,1; poneh, put thou me, 1 Sam. 2, 36.
V. t. inan. and an. ponamauau, he puts
(it) on (him): up-ponamau-un, he puts
it on (him), Gen. 39, 4; wp-ponam-un-
eau, he puts (it) on (it), Gen. 29, 3.

[Narr. ponamduta, (let us) lay it on;

ponewhush, lay down your burthens;
aukick ponamun, to lay in the earth,
R. W. Abn. ne-pSnemen, je le mets;
né-pSnmasaii, je mets dans lui. ]

*pooke, poke, ‘asmall kind [of tobacco],
with short round leaves’, used by the
Indians in New England, Josselyn,
N. E. Rarities, 54. Wood’s vocabulary
gives ‘pooke, coltstoot.’ Prof. Tucker-
man, in a note to Josselyn, loc. cit.,
makes thisinferior kind of tobacco, ‘‘not
colt’s foot, but Nicotiana rustica, L., the
Yellow Henbane of Gerard’s Herbal, p.
356.’? But he is unquestionably right
in his inference that ‘“‘the name poke
or pooke was perhaps always indefi-
nite.’’ It signifies merely ‘that which
is smoked’, or ‘which smokes’.
pokeu, and cf. pukit.

[Corvado (Brasil?)

Puri péké; see Martius. }

See

boké, tobacco;
popomompakecheg, ybl. n. pl. ‘creeping

things’, Acts 10, 12.
popomshaonk, ybl. n. from popomshau,

freq. of pomushau, a going to and fro,
IER BBY ok

See pamompagin.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

posekinau, -num, vy. t.

131

popon, v. i. it is winter; n. winter, Cant.
2,11; Ps. 74, 17 (pret. puppown-up, it was
winter, Mass. Ps.). Adj. and ady. po-
ponde, of winter, in the winter. Cf.
tohkov.

(Narr. papdéne; papona-kéeswush, win-
ter month; papapécup ( misprint for pa-
pocup), last winter, R. W. 69, 70. Quir.
pabouks, in winter, Pier. 28. Abn.
pebsn, Vhiver; pebsné, le passé; pebSghé,
le prochain.
pépoon-oop’un,

Cree pépoon, it is winter;
it was winter; hitta
pépoon, it will be winter; suppos. pe-
pook, when it is winter; pepook-oopun,
when it was winter; pépooké, when it
shall be winter, Howse 191, 192. Chip.
peebon, last winter; peebonoong, next
winter; Sch. Old Alg. pi-
poun. |

*poponaumsuog (Narr.), winter fish.
See *paponaumsit.

*popoquatese (Peq.), a quail, Stiles.
See pahpahkshas; *paupock; pohpohqut-

peebong,

tog.
popotowegash, n. pl. bellows, Jer. 6, 29
(i. e. blow instrument).
[Del. pu ta wou gan, Zeisb.]
*popowuttdhig (Narr.), a drum, R. W.
*poppek, n. a flea, C. See papekq.
poquag, a hole or hollow.

From potau.

See pukqui.

| *poquathock (Narr.), the round clam

(Venus mercenaria), the ‘quahaug’ of
the Eastern markets; ‘‘alittlethickshell
fish which the Indians wade deep and
dive for... . They break out of the shell
about half an inch of a black part of it,
of which they make their suckatihock or
blackmoney.’’—R. W. 104. From poh-
keni, in the sense of closed. Cf. kup-
pogki, thick, and hogki, shell, distin-
guishing it from the Mya arenaria
(sickissuog) or gaping clam.

[Peq. p quaughhaug, powh-quauhhaug,
Stiles. Abn. pek8ahak, ‘huitres’ (cf.
pekSahaiik, ‘ils sont clouées’, i. e. affer-

mis or serrés?). Del. poe que ii, clam,
mussel, Zeisb. ]
posampu. See pwsampu, he looks into

(it).

an. and inan.
he buries (him), inters (him), Gen. 23,
19; nwp-posekin-non, I bury, Gen. 23, 13;
imperat. posekin ke-nup-am, bury thy
dead, Gen. 23, 11, 15; suppos. posekinit,

132 BUREAU

posekinau, -num—continued.
when burying, he who buries, and
(pass. part.) buried. Vbl. n. act. pose-
kindonk, a burying; pass. -nittedonk, a
being-buried, burial, Matt. 26,12. Adj.
and ady.: posekinittude ohke, a burying
place, Gen. 23, + (nup-pasikin, I bury,
C.). [From poskinau, he strips naked,
makes bare (?), the derivative
m’ pusk (muppusk), the back, ‘he places
or is laid on his back’ (?).]

[Narr. posakinnamun, to bury, R. W.

Abn. ne-p8skenaii, je V’interre. ]

poske, adj. naked: nup-poske, Inaked, Job
1, 21; adv. poskeu. Adj. an. (v.i.act.),
poskissu, he isnaked, Ex. 32, 35; suppos.
part. pl. poskissi(ni)tcheg, the naked,
2 Chr. 28, 5; Ezek. 18, 7. Caus. pos-
kisséheau, he makes (him) naked, Ex.
32, 25; 2 Chr. 28, 19; and, with sh
privative, wp-posqushahed-uh, they make
(him) go naked, hurtfully, Job 24, 10.
VY. i. inan. subj. poskohteau; with the
aspirated sibilant (privative), poshkoh-
teau, it is naked, Job 26, 6. Cf. mup-
pusk.

poskinum, vy. t. inan. he bares (it), makes
bare or naked: poskinum wuhpit, he
makes bare his arm, Is. 52,10. An. pos-
kinau, he makes (him) naked, bares
(him): nup-poskin, I strip (him) naked,
Hos. 2,3. Imperat. poskinush kehquau,
uncoyer thy thigh, Is. 47, 2.

poskissu, y. i. he is naked: nup-poskis
I am naked, i. e. by my own act
(this is the intransitive active form, or
‘adj. an.’ of Eliot; see poske). Imperat.
poskis kuhkont, make bare thy head, Is.
47, 2; pl. poskissegk, make yourselves
bare, Is. 32,11. Vbl. n. poskissewonk,
nakedness, Rom. 8, 35; Ex. 20, 26.

[Narr. nip-pdskiss, I am naked; pais-

kesu, naked. Abn. ne-paskenaii, ‘je le
mets A nud’, je le dépouille. ]

posksin, y. i. he lies down naked, 1 Sam.
19, 24.

potab, a whale. See patdop.

pétantam. See potau.

*powwaw (Narr.), ‘a priest’, R. W.
See pauwau.

pochenau, n. the bosom, the breast:
up-pochenaout, in his bosom, Lam. 2, 12
(up-pochénau, bosom, C.). From poh-
shinde, divided in two (?).

or

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

pohpohguttog, n. pl. ‘quails’, Ps. 105,
40. See chochawaog; pahpahkshas;
*paupock. (Ct. Cree pd-piatdyoo, it is
spotted; chd-chdchagow, it is striped,
Howse 73. )

pokeu, vy. i., is used by Eliot to translate
‘he is puffed up’ (Gr. @v6z07); pl. pwoke-
wog, they are puffed up, 1 Cor. 4, 18; sup-
pos. pakit, when he is puffed up, Col.
2, 18; pl. neg pakecheg, they who are,
etc., 1 Cor. 4,19 (62 mepv610om@pmévor).
Caus. an.pokhuwahuau, it puffeth (him)
up, 1 Cor. 8,1. Cf. pukit, smoke, which
is perhaps identical with the suppos.
pokit. wp-pookeonk (kehtoh) ‘the swell-
ing (of the sea)’, Mass. Ps., Ps. 46, 3.

pMnampau, -pamau, he looks away
from (him), Is. 22, 4. From — and
wompu, he looks.

popotauonk, vbl, n. (continued) blow-
ing, a blast of air, Ex. 15, 8 (for ‘nees-
ings’, Job 41,18). See pwtau, he blows.

pMsampu, pos-, v. t. he looks in or into
(it), John 20, 5, 11; 1 Sam. 6, 19. See
wompu.

pm@su-og kuhtmnogqut, ‘they entered
into a ship’, John 6, 17 (pret. pasupa-
neg, Mass. Ps. ).

[Abn. p&s8, he embarks.
Bar. ]

potaop, potab, pdtab, n. a whale,
Gen. 1,21; Job 7, 12; Matt. 12,40. From
potau (he blows) [-pog (water) ?].

[Narr. pétop. Peq. podumbaug, pu-
dumbaug, Stiles. Abn. pSdébé (i. e.
p&das-bi). Del. ’mbiachk, Zeisb.]

potau, y. i. he blows, breathes strongly.
(Not used in this form by Eliot, who
has instead the transitive potantam. )
T. inan. pwtantam, he blows (it) or upon
(it). Imperat. pwtantash, Ezek. 37, 9;
pl. -amwk, blow ye upon (it), Cant. 4,
16. Freq. pwpmwtau, he continues blow-
ing; part. noh popatauont(og), he who
bloweth, Is. 54, 16. Ct. pwkeu; papw-
tauonk; patoemo.

[Narr. potduntash, blow the fire.
Cree péotdtum, he bloweth (it). Abn.
ne-pSdasé, je souffle le feu; pSdaSsaigan,
soufflet 4 feu (popmpatauwandmuk, bel-
lows, C.); ne-pS‘taSaiimaii, je souffle
contre lui. ]

pothonsh, -ansh, n. a ‘pitcher’, vessel
for carrying water, Gen. 24, 15, 20;

Chip. bosi,

TRUMBULL]

pothonsh, -ansh—continued.
pathonchu, ‘bucket’, Is. 40,15; poothon-
chue nippe, a pitcher of water, Mark
14,13. From paudtaii, he brings. Cf.
quotiphunk, a dipping instrument.

[Abn. pdtaiits8, pdSaiitss, ‘espece de

cruche d’ecoree, ronde en haut, pour
aller quérir de l'eau’; pekenaiits8, ‘une
autre espéce, plus longue que large’. ]

potoemo, y. i. it swells, bulges, pro-
jects: patoemmuk, ‘a swelling’ (i. e.
when there is a bulging or protuber-
ance), as in a wall, Is. 30,13. Vbl. n.
potéeonk, pl. -ongash, a swelling, 2 Cor.
12, 20.

potonkunau, v. t.: powtonkundog wul- |
ahtomp-euh, they bend (draw) their |

bows, Ps. 64, 3; suppos. part. -kinont
(pl. -kinoncheg) ahtomp-eh, he (they)
who draws the bow, Is. 66, 19. See
wonkinonat; wuttunkinonat.
*potouwasha, break of day (?), C.
potsai, as n. a corner, Proy. 7, 12 (a re-
cess, retired place ?): kishke up-pot-

saau-om-ut, ‘near her corner’, v. 8; |

aush potsau-ut, go ‘into thy closet’,
Matt. 6,6. Cf. ut pochdag, in a corner,

Prov. 21, 9, =adt pachag, Prov. 25, |

24. From pahchau, péhchau, he goes
out of the way, turns aside(?). potsai
with inan. subj., pootsaaw with an. subj.
(Del. pu tscheek, (in) ‘the corner of a
room’, Zeisb. ]
potuppog, -pag, n. a bay, Josh. 15, 2,
5; 18, 19.
Chip. pe-to-beg, pee-toe-bee, a bog, Sch.
11, 462.]
psukses, pl. og, n. a little bird, El.
Gr. 9; a bird, Eccl. 10, 20; Amos 3, 5.
This word is evidently a diminutive
from a noun psuk or psukissu, which I
do not find in Eliot. For the class
(aves) ‘fowl’ Eliot used puppinshaas-og,
q. v. [pahshe, half ~psukses, bird; ef.
Sansk. pakshin, avis ~pakshd, latus, di-
midia pars.
[ Narr. pussukesesuck (pl.), fowl. Abn.
sipsis, pl. sipsak, oiseaux. ]
ptowu, towu, y. i. he moves in air,
flies (asa bird), 2 Sam. 22, 11; Ps. 18,
10; Prov. 6, 2; pl. ptooweeog (pret. tw-
_ weep, he did fly, Mass. Ps., Ps. 18, 10);
suppos. noh ptoweet (or tweet), that
which (an.) flies, Ley. 11, 20,21. With

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

133

ptowu, towu—continued.

inan. subj. ptmeii, tmeii, it flies; pl.
ptmeog, Proy. 23, 5; suppos. (pukit)
ptohog, (smoke) when it flies away,
drifts away, Ps. 68, 2. Adj. ptawéche,
Proy. 26,2. Caus. inan. (subj. and obj.)
ptoanau, tohannau, it drives or causes
it to drift in air; pass. it is driven or
drifted; suppos. ne taaunontog, ptoanun-
tog (taanontog, Mass. Ps.), that which
is driven by the wind, Ps. 1, 4; 35, 5;
Hos. 13, 3. Adj.-ady. twannéhhanne,
driven, made to drift, Is. 41, 2. Nearly
allied to, if not formed directly from,
potau, he blows, moves the air. (Cf.
Sansk. pat, (1) cadere; (2) volare (cf.
pétau; petshau); Greek wint@, TET OMA;
Lat. peto. See Max Miiller’s Lect. (111)
on Darwin’s Philos. of Lang., in Living
Age No. 1523, p. 424.)

[Narr. plowéi, it is fled (of a bird),
R.W. 86. Old Alg. piouan, the wind
drives the snow, Arch. Amer. 1, 26.
Cree twdy-hoo, ‘he alights himself (?),

| asa bird’; pewun, it drifts. ]

| *p’tuks (Quir.), ‘timber’ (for building),
Pier. 17; ‘trees’, ibid. 28; p’twk, a tree,
ibid. 44.

pu-.

puhchuteaonk, ‘deceit’, Proy. 12, 20.

-puhkuk. See muppuhkuk, a head.

puhpegk, n. an instrument of music, Ps.
144, 9; Is. 38, 20 (puhpeeg, a trumpet
or music, C.). Suppos. (instr.) from
puhpihki, hollow. Ct. monopuhpeg, a
trumpet, and see pummukau.

[Powh. pawpecones, pipes, J. Smith.
Abn. bibiSaii, trompette. ]

puhpequauy, vy. i. he sounds a trumpet
(Rey. 8, 7, 8), plays upon an instru-
ment of music.

puhpequon, -quoan, n. an instrument
of music; pl. + ash, Eccl. 2, 8; Ps. 150,
4; Gen. 31, 27.
puhpequau-un.

[Abn. bibiSaii, trompette.
pi quon, flute, pipe, Zeisb.]

*puhpu, v. i. he plays, C.; pl. puhpiiog.
See pompu.

puhpthki, puppuhke, v. i. it is hollow;
adj. hollow, Ex. 27, 8. Augm. of puk-
qui (q.v.). Suppos. coner. puhpuhkag,
a hollow, Judg. 15, 19.
kohtedi.

See pd.

From puhpequau, for

Del. ach

See puppuh-

134 BUREAU

puhpthki, puppuhke—continued.

OF AMERICAN

[Abn. apikSéghen, ‘cela est creu |

dedans.’
Zeisb. ]
puhpthkitteau, v. caus. inan. he hollows
(it), makes it hollow, Ex. 38, 8.
puhquohkg, n. a clod of earth; pl. -eash,
Hoss LON:
puhshequae.
*puhtadtuniyeu, in the west, westward,
Mass. Ps., Ps. 75, 6; but elsewhere (as
Ps. 103, 12; 107, 3) the Mass. Ps. has
maquamittinniyer.
*puhtantam, vy. i. he mistakes (?), C.
pukit, pukut, n. smoke; suppos. form
of y. i. pukkutteau (Rey. 9, 2), there is
smoke. From pohk-eni, dark (?), it
blinds (?). Cf. pakeu. Adj.-ady. puk-
kuttde, smoky, of smoke, Is. 14, 31; Joel
2, 30. Dimin. pukkuttaémes, ‘vapor’,
Ps. 148, 8. (Cf. Sansk. paiika, lutum,
pulvis; Tamil, pug-ei, smoke. )

[Narr. pick, smoke: nip-pickis,
‘smoke troubleth me’, R. W. 48;
pokitta, smoke, Wood. Abn. ne-pekest,
‘je suis comme aveugle de la fumée’;
pekedaé, il fume. ]

pukquee, n. ashes, Gen. 18, 27; ‘mire’,
2 Sam. 22, 43. The primary significa-
tion is dust; like pukit, that which
darkens or blinds (?).

[Abn. pekks, cendre.» Chip. pinggwis,
dust, ashes. Del. pkindeii, light ashes,
Zeisb. ]

pukqui, vy. i. it goes through, continues
(-tithk) going through; hence n. a hole,
Ex. 39, 23; suppos. ne pukquag,
poquag, or pohquag, that which is
through, a hole, Ex. 28, 32; 39, 6, 18,
23; ‘the eye of a needle’, Mark 10, 25.
See pohki; puhpihki.
[Narr. puckhiim-min, to bore through;
(puchwhéganash for) puckwhéganash

Del. puch tsche su, hollow,

See pohshequae.

BY
29, 0.

(pl.), awl blades (for boring shell |

money ), R. W. 130, 151,
kan, a gimlet, Zeisb. ]
pukqussum, y. t. he bores through (it),

makes a hole through, 2 K. 12, 9.
pum.
pumipsk, pl. -sqguash, for ‘rock,’ Job 29,

6; kenugke pumipsquehtu, among the

Del. pku schi

See pumimoh.

rocks, Job 28, 20; pl. pumupsquehtuash,
rocks, 1 K. 19; 11.
and ompsk, rock.

From pumimeii(?),

*pummaumpiteunck

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
(Narr.), n. the
toothache, R. W. 59; npum-, my teeth
ache, ibid. 156.

*pummechésham, he slides, C. (in Ist

pers. nup-pummechésham ).

| pummeeg, n. oil, Ezek. 45, 14; Luke 10,

34 ( pummee or sammee, C.).

[Abn. pemi, huile, graisse; pemikan,
étant fondue, on la tire (de dessus
Veau). This last word, or, rather, the
passive participle of the same form,
pemikan (‘fat skimmed’ or ‘dipped’
from the surface of the boiling water in
which it was melted, to be poured over
fine-chopped meat), gave a name to
the preparation so much prized by the
northern tribes and by Canadian voy-
ageurs.* Old Alg. pimite, fat, Lah. Del.
pemyy, fat, Camp.; pomi, Zeisb. }

[* Norr.—‘‘ Same root with pummeii ?"'.)

pummeeche may, a crossway or path,

Obad. 14.

| pummeneutunk, na wan or rampart,

2 Sam. 20, 15; 22, 30.

_pummetonkupunndonk, ybl. n. (from

pumminnum.
pummoh, pum, a name of the sea, or

pumme-ut and onkapunnau, he tortures
(him) on the cross), is used by Eliot
for the crucifixion; the cross of Christ,
Heb. 12, 2; John 19, 19. Elsewhere,
pumetshin,; as (to take up) his cross, up-
pumetshin-eum, Luke 14, 27.

pummeiti, v. i. it crosses, traverses, goes

across, passes (?) from side to side. Cf.
pdme, it passes onward or along. Only
found, in Eliot, in derivatives. See
pomushau.

[Quir. pumméan, ‘to walk’ (in their
own ways), Pier. 37. Abn. pemaisi, il
va de travers; pemetsintS, met cela .. .
de travers. Cree pimmich, crosswise.
Del. pimeit, pimiecheit (v. adj.), oblique,
Zeish. Gr. 164; ‘slanty’, Zeisb. Voc. ]
See pummunnum.

ocean, which had perhaps become obso-
lete, or superseded by kehtoh, before the
coming of the English, but was still re-
tained in compound and derivative
words. It seems to be derived from the
diffusive particle pd-, and amundt, the
yerb of motion—that which goes all
about, is everywhere in motion, without
course ordirection. [kehtoh (El. ), kitthan
(R.W.), from the inan. adj. kehte, means

TRUMBULL]

pummoh, pum—continued.
that which is chief or greatest, rela-
tively great, vast.] Among the words
preserved by Eliot and R. Williams,
into the composition of which this
name of the ocean enters, are the fol-
lowing: pauwmpdgussit (Narr.), the sea
god, R. W. 98; pummunat, pummunu-
munat (?), to offer, to consecrate; pum-
upsq, pumipsq, a rock (in the sea?);
pummohhamwaenuog, mariners, Jonah
1,5 ( pummoh-omundt, those who go on

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

the sea; pimmuhshottoeninuog [pamu- |

shadtaen-inwog?], C. 183); ohquanupam
[ohquanu pum], on the shore or border
of the sea, =ohquanu kehtahhannit, Mark
2,13; padmésmwéneat, to swim (pumosoo-
enat, C. 212); et. okkuttéswénaédut [uk-
keihtohsowénadut), to
into the sea, to plunge into the sea,
Acts 27,43; wosketupam [woskeche pum],
the surface of the sea, Is. 18,2 (cf. Gen.
1,2); kehchippom, -pam [kehche=kutche,

pum], on the shore, John 21, 4, ete.; |

29

keechepam, Gen. 22, 17.]

[Nore.—The above definition was not trans-
ferred from the rough draft of the manuscript
to the revision, seemingly through oversight. ]

pummohhan,, y. i. (1) he goes inactively
or without exertion (?). From pdme
and wm. See under pomushau. (2) he
goes by water, voyages. Not found in
Eliot, except in the derived n. agent.
pummohhamwaen-uog, ‘mariners’, Jonah
1, 5 ( ptimmuhshottoeninuog, C., formed
apparently from pamwushadt, suppos. of
pomushau).

[Del. pom ma chum, he goes by water,
Zeisb. Virg. yapam, the sea, Strachey. ]

cast themselves |

pummu, y. i. he shoots (with bow or

gun), 2 K. 13, 17; pl. -wog, they shoot,
2 Sam. 11, 24; imperat. 2d pers. sing.
pumsh, pl. pumak; inan. pass. pum-
memo, it is shot; suppos. ne pdmemuk,
that which is shot (as, an arrow), Jer.
9,8; freq. pepummu,q.v. V.t.an.-pum-
wai, he shoots at (him); wp-pumwd-uh,
they shoot at him, Ps. 64, 4; freq.
pepumwau, he repeatedly shoots at
(him), Gen. 49, 23 (with affixes).

[Narr. piimm, piimmoke, imperat.
sing. and pl., shoot; npiimmuck, I am
shot,R.W. Abn. p8nté, il décoche; ne-
pemaii, je décoche contre lui. ]

135

pummukau, y.i. he dances, 2 Sam. 6, 14
(pomugkéoh, Matt. 14, 6). Vbl. n.
pummukdonk, dancing, a dance, Judg.
21; 21; Ex. 19. [puhpeg is put for
‘dance’, dancing, in Ps. 149, 3; 150, 4,
but signifies an instrument of music].

[Abn. pemega, he dances; pemegaiin,
on danse le mort. ]

pummunav, y. i. he flies, goes swiftly
through the air, goes as an arrow from
the bow (pummun-un and aii), Job 39,
26; Rey. 14,6; suppos. part. pamunont,
when flying, Deut. 49. Adj.-ady.
pummunde, flying, swift-going, Is. 30, 6.

*pummunneeteam: = nup-puminuniee-
team hussun, I carry a stone; ken pume

Oe
32,

minnegkosseh, do thou carry me, ete.,
C, 41, 184.

pummunnum, pumminnun, y.t. (1)
he gives away; (2) he offers, devotes
(it), as to God or to a superior, 1 Chr.
29, 6, 9, 17; Mark 12, 43; suppos. pd-
munuk, ibid.;
pumpum-, he offers (it) habitually or
by custom. V. t. an. pummunau, he
offers (it) to (him), Mark 12, 42; freq.
pump-, Num.8, 11,21. Vbl.n. puminnu-
maonk, a ‘collection’ (taken in church),
contribution, 1 Cor. 16, 2; ‘a gathering’,
ibid. (pumminuméonk, ‘alms-giving’ (?),
Man. Pom. 86).

[Narr. pummeniim teduquash, to con-
tribute ‘to the wars’, R. W. 149; pum-
menummin teduguash, (to) contribute
money toward the (maid’s) dowry,
ibid. 125. See *primpom.]

pummuwuttauwae komuk, pummeu-,
the tabernacle, Gen. 33, 7, 8; Ex. 26, 1;
31,7; 33, 7,9, 10, ete. ; pahtekimuk, taber-
nacle, Ex. 25, 8, 9.

pumohsumo,, v. i. it emits light, shines.
From pdme ana wohsum-w. Vbl.n. pu-

freq. paumpaumimnunum,

mohsumoonk, a shining, emitted light,
Luke 11, 36.

pumohtadsh, pl. (they are in) a row; of
inan. objects, 1 K. 7, 3; Ley. 24, 6;
-taunash, rows, Ley. 24, 6.
and ohteau.

pumésm. See pammso.

*pumpom (Narr.), ‘‘a tribute skin when
a deer (hunted by the Indians or
wolves) is killed in the water. This
skin is carried to the sachem or prince,
within whose territory the deer was

See wohsum- .

From ——

136
*pimpom—continued. |
slain.”’—R.W. 144. From pummunnum
(freq. pumpummunnum), he habitually
or by custom offers (it); part. pass.
pumpum-munun, ‘offered’.
*Punachmonog (pl.), the French, C.
pungwomuhgq-uash, n. pl. ‘quicksands’,
Acts 27, 17.
*punnétunck (Narr.), n.
W. 51.
[Peq. punnéedunk, Stiles. ]
punneu, y. i. he falls down, prostrates
himself (?): punnew ut wusseet-ut, he
fell down at his feet, Luke 8, 41, 47.
[Abn. peni‘ré, il tombe d’en haut. ]
punukquékontu, penugqué-, on the
bank (of a river), Josh. 12, 2; 13, 9,
, it over-
Cf.

a knife, R. |
See chohquog; * Chokquog.

16; anuchuan wame up
flowed all its banks, Josh. 4, 18.
wusdpinuk.

puogkinnum, y. t. inan. obj. he dips (it)
in or into; suppos. pudkinuk, poagunuk,
when he dipped (it), John 13, 27; Matt.
26, 33. With an. obj. puogkinnau, he
dips (him): puogkinnénate howan en

nippe, to dip anyone in water, to im-
merse, Wun. Samp. ch. 29, § 3. See

pwogkei.
puppasotam, n. a prince; pl. -mwog, |
Proy. 8, 15, 16. Cf. ketassa@t(am).
puppinashim, n. a beast (El.Gr.9), Ex. |
23, 29; Rev. 4, 7; pl. +-wog (and in |
Gen. 1, 26, 28 +-wussog).
[Narr. penashim-wock, beasts. } |
puppinshaas, n. a fowl, a bird (avis),
Gen. 1, 30; 2, 19; pl.
Neh. 5,

46; puppinushaog, fowls, Mass. Ps.).

t-og, Gen. 6, 20;
18 (puppinshaashasog, Lev. 11,

Cf. psukses.
[Narr. npeshdwog, fowls. Chip. pé-
nai’-si, pe-na-she, which is apparently |
an an. i. form of the Old Alg. pilé, ‘a
fowl’, Lah.]

puppissi, puppish, n. dust, Job 38, 38; |
Deut. 28, 24. From pissi, it adheres,
sticks (?). (Cf. Sansk. |
pansi, pulvis. )

puppuhke.

puppuhkohteai (for puhpuhki-ohteau), |
v.i. itis hollow; n. ‘acave’, John 11, 38.

-pusk.

pusseog. See pissagh.

*pussoqua, adj. ‘corrupted or rotten’, C.
See pissagk.

See pissagk.

See puhpuhki.

See muppusk, the back.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
*pussough (Narr.), the wildcat, R. W.
[Abn. pet8, scent of an animal, ‘ piste’:
pessis, chat, which Mr Pickering, in a
note to Rasles, thought ‘probably cor-
rupted from the familiar English word
*); but ef. Cree piissoo,
‘he scents (as, an animal)’, Howse 144.
Chip. (Sag.) pee shoe, the lynx; (St
Marys) pizh iew’; mis’si-bizh iew, (great
lynx) panther.
the lynx; mainch pay-shay-ew,
panther. ]
puttagham. See pullogham.
puttahham, v. i. he goes into a snare or
trap, is taken or entrapped, Ezek. 17,
20; pl. -hamwog, Job 34, 30.
noh puttuhhuk, he who is ensnared, Ps.
9,16. Vbl. n. puttahhammonk, entrap-
ping, a trap.
‘he goes into’.

‘puss’ or ‘pussy

Menom. pah shay ew,
the

Suppos.

From pét-aw and win,

| puttahhamwehheau, y. caus. he makes

(him) to be trapped or snared; suppos.
pl. -wehettit, when they are taken, i. e.
made to go into a snare or net, Ecel.
9, 12.

puttahwhau (=puttahehheau), v. caus.
he entraps, takes in a trap or snare;
pass. he is entrapped or ensnared, Jer.
5, 26; Is. 24, 118; Prov. 112) 13:

[Abn. ne-bia, ‘j’en prens’; ne-pibd-

men, je l’y prens. }

puttogham, puttag-, puttughum, vy. t.
inan. obj. he covers over, hides (it) by
covering, Ex. 3,6; Num. 4, 5 (puttoghum-
unat poshkissuonk, to coyer one’s naked-
ness, C.). From pét-au and onkhum.
With an. obj. puttogguhwhau, puttog-
quehhau, he covers (him), hides him by

Adj. an. puttogwhosu, (he is)

2,7. Vbl. n. put-

-onganash,

covering.
hid, covered, 1 Cor.
togwhonk, a covering; pl.
PYOWe np L0:
hogki; hogko,; onkhumunat.

See agquil; appuhquésu;
(Cf. Sansk.
pat, ligare, vestire; put, amplecti. )

| puttogqueohtau, he hides himself from

(another), John 12, 36.
puttogquequohhou, n.a covering of the
person, a veil, Gen, 38, 14.
quohhou; * pétacaus; ydnequohho.
puttogqueu, y. i. he hides himself, Job
23,9; John 8, 59; pl. Gen. 3, 8; imperat.
puttogquesh, Jer. 36, 19.
puttughum. See pultoghamn.
puttukqui. See pittikqui, round,

Cf. onkque-

TRUMBULL]

puttukqunutch, -nitch, n. the fist, Ex.
21,18. From pitiikqui and menutch(eq),
‘round-hand’.

puttukquobpissegk, y. imperat. pl.‘ gird
yourselves’, Is. 8, 9 (see Ex. 29, 5).

puttukquobpus, -obpis, -oppis, etc.,
n. a girdle, Is. 3, 24; Jer. 13, 1; Ex. 28,
4; 29,5. Properly a contracted form
of v. i. an. puttukquobpesu, he is girdled,
bound about (the loins): nup-puttuk-
quobbesin, L am girdled, ‘it bindeth me
about’, Job 30, 18; puttagquobpissu wut-

togkodteg, ‘had his sword girded by his |

side’, Neh. 4, 18; pl. -pissinash, Rey.
15, 6. From puttogque-au (it covers)

and mobpee (hip), with the intransitive |

active or simple animate affix -ussu.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 137

puttukquobpus, ete.—continued.
[Abn. pedegSabissn, ceinture. Virg.
pultaiqwapisson, ‘a cap or hat’, Stra-
chey.]
pwogkeii, v. i. he dips or immerses him-
self, 2K. 5, 14. See puogkinnum.
pwogkusheau en nippekontu, ‘it fell
into the water’, 2 K. 6, 5.
pwohkehchuaii, vy. i. he sinks, disas-
trously or by mischance: nup-pwohk-
chchuaiiam, I sink (in the mire), Ps.
69, 2. See pogkussu.
pwohkuhhowau, vy. i. she hatches eggs,
Is. 34, 15: matte pwohkéyeog (from
pwogkeit?), ‘does not hatch’, Jer. 17, 11.
[Abn. psk8hs, ceuf éclos. ]

Q

quadhog, quadhuk, suppos. 3d sing. of
quitihham, he measures.

quagwashwetam. See quaquoshwetam.

quah, interj. ‘of disdaining’, El. Gr, 22
(hah, fie upon it! C.).

quahtinnittimuk (suppos. pass. part. of |

quihtéhteau), forbidden; for ‘common’,
Acts 10, 14, 15. See queihtinnuh.
*quanmwask, a bottle, C. See quon-
Mmasq.
quanukquesit, suppos. 3d pers. of qun-
nukquesu, he is lame.
quanunkquaéan, suppos. 2d pers. sing.
of quanunkquayeii, he dwells high, in a

high place, Obad. 3. See gunnuhqutayeu. |

quanunon, n. a hawk, Ley. 11, 16; but in
the same connection, in Deut. 14, 15,
owbhshaog stands for ‘hawk’. See
mashquanon. Cf. quanonm, ‘lion’ (pan-

ther), and qguohqunonou, ‘greyhound’. |

From qunni, long, and , tail (?).
Cf. Del. quen-schuckuney (long-tail)
‘panther’; chaw wa lan ne, ‘an eagle
with a forked tail’, Zeisb.

quaquadhun, y. freq. of qutttihham, he |

measures.

quaquequeshont, n. grasshopper, Ley.
11, 22; Judg. 6, 5; pl. + aog, Ps. 105, 34;
Is. 33, 4 (‘locusts’). Suppos. part. of
quequéshau, he goes leaping. Cf. chan-
somps; mopau.

quaquoshwetam, quagwash-, freq. of
quoshauwéhtam, he prepares.

| quashinum. See quoshinum.

| quashkeik, suppos. of qushkeu, he goes
back.

*quattuhquohqua, afternoon, ©. From
quitauéu, he (i.e. the sun) sinks, goes
downward.

(Narr. quttiikquaquaw, ‘atter dinner’,
R. W. 67.]

*quausses (Peq.), ‘a virgin girl’, Stiles.
See penomp; *squdsése (under squa).

| quehshau. See queshau.

quéhtam, y. t. he fears (it), stands in
fear of (it); suppos. noh quohtag, he who
fears, Ezek. 9, 2; Heb. 11, 27. Cf.
quitidnumau, he honors, shows respect

to (him). See qishaii; wabesendt.
[Del. qui ta men, to fear something,

Zeisb. }

| quehteau. See ahquéhteau.

quehtianumau, he honors. See quttid-
NUT,

queihtinnuh, quiht-, quht-, y. t. an.
he forbids (him), he threatens (him):
uk-quihtin-nuh, he forbade him, John
3, 14; imperat. 2d sing. gueihtus, forbid
thou; 2d pl. quihtinnok, forbid ye;

suppos. part. quohtinont, forbidding,
Acts 16, 6; ‘when he had appeased
(them)’ [i. e. caused them to desist (?)],

188 BUREAU OF

queihthinnuh, etc.—continued.
Acts 19, 35 (God quehtehchaj, God for-
bid, C.). V. t. inan. and an. queih-
téhteau, qut-, he forbids (it) to (him):
woh howan qutéhteau nippe, can any man
forbid water? Acts 10, 47 (nwk-queehtit-
team, I forbid, C.).

queishontam.

queksao, y. 1. he hisses.

quenappu, vy. t. he sits or rests upon (it);
suppos. noh quenapit, he who sits upon

See queshadtam.
See quequssu.

(it), Is. 40, 22 (quenobpuuncke [= quen-
appuonk, ybl. n.), a stool, Wood).
quenau, -nde, ady. as soon as, Mark 5,
36; Josh. 8, 19; Deut. 8, 9; ‘scarcely’,
Gen. 27, 30. Cf. *quenauet.
*quenauet, vy. is wanting,
Exp. Mayhew; nanat or quenauat, ‘to

impers. it

be wanting or defective’; adv. quenau-

adte, ‘necessarily’, C.
[Abn. éska8ana, j’ai besoin de. ]
quenauhikao, y. i. he wants, is in need;
or impers. it is wanting to him: pasuk
kuk-quenauhik, ‘one thing thou lackest’,

Mark 10, 21; Ist pers. nuk-quenauhik, I | J
quequan, y. impers.

am in want of, it is wanting to me; Ist
pl. nuk-quenauhik-umun, Jer. 44, 18; 3¢
Suppos. 3d pers.
sing. quenahuk. Vobl. n. quenauhiko-
onk, quenauwehikwonk, lack, want (of
anything) Job 4, 11; 38, 41. V. an. i.
quenauwussu, he is wanting, is lacking
(as, to make up a prescribed number
of men, Num. 31, 49). Caus. quenau-
wéehuau, he causes (it) to be wanting,
Judg: 215.3:

he is in great want, need, or privation,

pl. quenauhik-quog.

Augm. quequenauanum,

1 Sam. 13, 6 (‘in a strait’). Vbl. n.
-mmonk, difficulty, want, ‘distress’,

Neh. 2, 17.

[Narr. aatta nick-quéhick, I want it
not; tawhitch quenawdayean, why com-
plain you?; quenowduog, they complain,
R. W. 53, 66.]

quenikkompau, y. t. he stands upon
(it), Amos 7, 7. Cf. quesikkompau.

quenohtau, y. t. he lays a foundation
for, he founds (it), places (it) upon:
quenohtau-un, he founded it (and pass.
it is founded or rests on), Luke 6, 48;
pret. -unap, ibid. Suppos. quenohtunk,
when he places or supports (it); quenoh-
tunkwunnutch hassunnutonganit, ‘if he
leaned his hand on the wall’, Amos 5,

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

quenohtau—continued.
19. With inan. subj. quenohteau, it
stands or is founded on, 2 Chr. 4, 4;
suppos. ne quenohtag, that which it
stands on. As n. a foundation, Judg.
16, 29; 2 Sam. 22, 8 (=agwu ohtag, that
which is under, Ps. 18, 7).

quenowaii, y. t. an. he denies (him),
makes denial to (him), Mark 14, 68,
70 (queenawo-nat, to deny; nuk-quend-
wam, I deny, C.). Elsewhere kohkén-
mau, as in Luke 22, 57; Titus 1, 16; koh-
kénnoowau God, he denies God, Ind.
Laws u. [From ahque and nowau, he
refrains from speaking (?).]

(Chip. ahgwahnwatum, he denied (it),
John 18, 25. Cree dgoodnwetum, he de-
nies it (which Howse analyzes ‘he
strong-back-hears it’ ).]

quensin, y. i. he supports himself, leans;
pl. -nwog, Is. 48, 2.

quentamo, v. i. (inan. pass. ) it is wanted,
is missed; mo-leag quentuma, nothing

25, 21; cf. v. 15.

it shakes, it trem-
bles, Ps. 18,7; as noun, an earthquake,
Is. 29, 6; pl. + ash, Matt. 24, 7.

[Abn. k8igSan, tremble-terre.

kwekwun, it (the earth) trembles. ]

*quequécum (Narr.), n. a duck; pl.
+mduog, R. W.; quéqueekum, Stiles.
Peq. quauquaumps, ‘black ducks’; qua-
queekum, ‘ducks’, Stiles. Onomatopo-
etic, but the form is that of a verb, ‘he
quack-quacks’. Cf. Cree ’hah-ha-way,
the old-wife or long-tailed duck (Anas
glacialis), and Peq. ungowd-ums (Stiles),
for the same species. See *sésép.

[Abn. k8ikSimes8, canard. Del. qui-
quingus, the gray duck, Hkw.; ‘large
ducks’, Zeisb. 8. B. 28.]

quequéshau, vy. i. he goes leaping.
of queshau.

was missed, 1 Sam.

Cree

Freq.

*quequisquitch (Peq.),n.a robin, Stiles.

quequssu, quekso, y. an. i. he quacks,
he hisses: nag quekswog, ‘they hiss’,
Lam. 2, 16. V. t. an. quequssumau,
quekqsumau, he hisses at (him) or for
(him), Is. 7, 18; Jer. 49, 17.

[Abn. k8ik&ssem, il siffle; ne-ksik8s-

s8imaii, je sitfe contre. ]

quesekompoonk, n. a ‘scaffold’, 2 Chr.
6, 13. See quesikkompau.

TRUMBULL]

queshadtam, queishontam, y. t. inan.
he leaps over (it); nuk-queshadtam, I
leap over, 2 Sam. 22, 30; Ps. 18, 29.

queshau, quehshau, y. i. he leaps,
jumps, Luke 1, 41; John 21,7; Acts 3,8
(chdnsopsqua@shau, agrasshopper jumps;
nukqueeshshom, I leaped, C.). Freq.
quequéshau, he goes leaping, Cant. 2, 8;
Acts 14, 10; ‘skips’, Ps. 114, 6. Re-
lated to quogquéii, he runs, the substi-
tuted esh denoting sudden or violent
motion. See quaquequeshont.

[Abn. ne-kesirra, ou ne-kes8ssé, “je
cours, je vas vite.’ Cree kwéssetow, he
jerks it; kwdskwdskoo-piithu, it moves
by leaps or jumps. }

quesikkompau, quesuk-, y. t. he stands
upon (it), Amos 9,1; kuk-quesikkompau
qussuk, thou standest upon the rock,
Ex. 33, 21. Cf. quenikkompau.

quhtinnuh, quiht-. See queihtinnuh.

quinahsinnunk: (nashpe) quinahsinnunk,
‘(with) a pestle’, Proy. 27, 22. From
qunni, quinne, and hassun, assin, ‘long
stone’.

-quinne and (suppos.) -quinogok, after
a numeral or an indefinite quantitative
(‘few’, ‘many’, ete.), is used for kesu-
kodtash, days, or (suppos.) kesukok, on
the day; or, more exactly, for nukonash
(nights), suppos. nohkog. It is formed
from kouéu, he sleeps. ‘“‘Their age
they reckon by moons, and their actions
by sleeps, as, if they go a journie, or
are to do any other business, they say
three sleeps me walk, or, two or three
sleeps me do such a thing, that is, two
or three days.’’—Josselyn’s Voy. pa-
suk kesuk . . . asuh piogkukquinne, one

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

dave.) ..or) ten days, Num: 19>)

nequtta tahshikquinne, for six days, Ex.

24, 16; suppos. nishik-quinogok, on the |

third day, Hos. 6, 2.

[Narr. nees-qinnagat, ‘two days’;
shuck-qunéckat, ‘three days’, R. W. 69.
Abn. kate k8ni8i or nekst&gheni8i, une
nuit; nisSgni8i, deux nuits, ete. Del.
guto-kenak, one day, Hkw.; nguttokuni,
one night, nischogunak, two nights, ete.,
Zeisb. ]

quinnuppe, (it is) round about, all
around; it turns. As ady. and prep.,
quinuuppe kouéog weekit, ‘they lodged

139

quinnuppe—continued.

round about the house’, 1 Chr. 9, 27.
With an. subj. quinnuppu: aii quin-
nuppu, he went about (Galilee), Matt.
4,23. Itis,in fact,an intransitive verb:
quinnuppu, he turns, changes his course;
with inan. subj. -peu;
quinnupit, he who turns or is turned,
Ley. 20, 6; imperat. 2d pl. quinnuppegk,
turn ye, 2 K. 17, 13. Vbl. n. quin-
nuppeonk, a turning, conversion (as in
Acts 15, 3).
he turns (it) about, 1 K. 8, 14; suppos.
noh quanuppinuk, Proy. 28, 9. V. i.
refl. quinnuppehtau, he turns himself
about, Mark 5, 30. V.
punau, he turns (him) about, ‘converts’
him; suppos. part. guanuppinont, when
turning, ‘converting’, Ps. 19, 7; James
5,19. V. i. inan. subj. quinnupshean,
it (e. g. a path, a trail, a boundary)
turns about, Josh. 19,12. V. t. inan.
subj. quinnuppohteau, it encompasses,
surrounds, turns itself about.

suppos. noh

V. t. inan. quinnuppenum,

t. an. quinnup-

| quinnuppekompau [= quinnuppu-

ompau] y. i. he stands turned about, is
(and remains) conyerted; pl. +09, they -
are converted, Is.60,5. N. agent. -pau-
aen(in), one who is converted, aconvert,
Luke 22, 32.
pekompauaenin’ is the title given by
Eliot to his translation of Shepard’s
‘Sincere Convert’.

‘Sampwutteahde Quinnup-

quinnuppohke, as ady. ‘everywhere’,
Acts 17, 30. For quinnuppe-ohke, round
about the country.

quinnupshau, -pwushau, y. t. he goes
round about (it); pl. -shaog, Ps. 59, 6;
imperat. pl. -pwshak, go ye round about
(it), Ps. 48, 12: ne quanupishunk, (the
river) which encompasses (it), Gen. 2,
1a 3:

-quinogok.

qukqunuksheau.

See -quinne.

See quanukquesu.

*qunnamdaug (Narr.), a ‘lamprey’; pl.
-+suck. ‘The first [fish] that come in
the spring into the fresh rivers’’, R.W.
102. (=qunni-amaug, long fish.) Cot-
ton gives ‘quinammag, bass’ [?]. See
*missvickeke.

*qunnannonk, n. a blanket, C.

qunnassin. See quinahsinnunk, a pestle,
i. e. ‘long stone’.

140 BUREAU OF
qunnegk, n. a hind, a female deer, Gen.
49, 21; pl. -gqudog, Job 39, 1; Cant. 3, 5.
See ahtuk,
[Narr. aundn,. quuneke, a doe; qunne-
quawese, a little young doe, R. W. 96.)
qunni, vy. i. it is long; as adj. long, El.
Gr. 15; Mark 16, 5: qunni onk, longer
than, Job 11, 9 (anéqunnag [= anue gun-
nag], ‘longest’, C.). With an. subj.
qurnesu,
[Abn. k8né, k8nis8, kSnagSat, il est
Cree kinwow, it is long; an. kin-
Del. guneii,

long.
woosu, he is long, i. e. tall.
Zeish.
arbre haut; Ainmacwanaki, habit long;

Illin. kinmacatmi, bois long,

kinwaawi, kinwaki, long, Grayier. |
qunnono, n. a ‘lion’, Is. 5, 29; pl. +-o0g,
Cant. 4, 8; a panther (?). Cf. quoh-

qunonou, ‘greyhound’; quanunon,
‘hawk’. The name signifies ‘long-
tailed’. Cf. *konooh.

(Chip. ginwdnowe, it has a long tail,
Bar. ]
qunnuhqutayeu, vy. i. he dwells on high,
Is) 83) 5:
qunnukque, adj. high.
qunnukquesu, y. adj. an. he is lame,
2 Sam. 19, 26; suppos. noh quanukquesit

See qurnuiikque.

(and qunanukquesit), he who is lame,
Ley. 21, 18; pl. -itcheg, the lame, 2 Sam.
5, 8.
part. noh quaquenukgshont, he who halt-
eth, Zeph. 8, 19; Micah 4, 6, 7.

[ Narr. nick-qussaqus, lam lame.

qukqunukgsheau, he halts, limps;

Del.
gulucquot, lame, Zeisb. Gr. ]

qunnunkque, qunnuhque, it is high;
as ady. on high, Job 39, 18; suppos.
quiihquodt, when high, ‘of an high
stature’, Ezek. 81, 3. qunnunkqussi-
mau, he is tall, 1 Sam. 9, 2.

[ Narr. gurnaiiqussu, a tall man, R.W.
Del. gunaquot, it is long, high; gunavu,
he is long, tall of stature, Zeisb.]

qunnunkquekomuk [qunnunkque-
komuk], n. a high inclosed place, a
‘tower’, Gen. 11, 4, 5.

qunnunktug [qgunnunkque-l’tug, high
wood], n. a pole, a post; pl.
Ex. 38, 5, 7 (quonnohtake, a mast, C.).

t-quash,

See quruhtug.

qunonuhquaog (?), n. pl. ‘fir trees’, Is.
14, 8.

qundnuhquoay, y. i. he has long hair;
neg. pl. matta pish qunénuhquomog, they

AMERICAN

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
qundnuhquoau—continued.
shall not have long hair, Ezek. 44, 20;
suppos. part. qudnonuhquéant, having
long hair, Ps. 68, 21 (= qunihquoant (2),
1 Cor. 11, 14, 15). Vbl. n. qunonuk-
quoonk, a long ‘lock of hair’, Num. 6, 5.
*qunosu (Narr.), pl. +09, pickerel: ‘‘A
fresh fish which the Indians break the
ice in fresh ponds”’ to take, R. W. 105.
From gunni and -utchan, ‘long nose’ .
[Peq. quinnoose, ‘pickerel or long-
nose’, Stiles. Abn. k8&n&sé, brochet.
Old Alg. kinonge (Lah.), whence comes
maskinonge or muskelunjeh, the great
kinonge of the St Lawrence and north-
ern lakes. Chip. (St Marys) ke né/
zhai, (Gr. Trav.) ke no zha, (Sag.) kee no
zenck. |
qunuhtug, -ontug, n. a spear, 1 Sam.
17, 45; Josh. 8, 18, 26 (konnukuhtoh-
wheg, Mass. Ps., Ps. 35, 3); pl. --quash,
1 Sam. 13,19. From qunni and I’ tug,
long wood.“ Qunuhtug, of quani, long,
mehtug, wood, or tree; and this word is
used for a pike.’’—El. Gr. 15.
qunusseps. See *sésép, a duck.
quoashau. See quoushau.
quogkinnum, y. t. he dips (it) in or into,
Lev. 9, 9;

heonganit, they dipped the coat in the

wog hogkwoonk msque-

blood, Gen. 37,31. (quogkinnésite, ‘dip-
ping, dipped’? C.)
quogquadtinohkonaii, y. t. an. he wres-
tles with (him) : nuk-quogquadtinohkon,
I wrestle with (him), Gen. 30, 8;
mutual, quogquadtinnittuog, they wrestle
(one with the other). Vbl. n.
quadtinnittuonk, wrestling, Gen. 30, 8.
quogqueéii, y. i. he runs (goes by run-
ning), Gen. 18, 2; John 20, 2; imperat.

mats

quog-

quogqueti, let me run; quogquish, run
thou, 1 Sam. 18, 23; suppos. noh qudg-
Ady.
and adj. giogquéwe, running, by run-
ning, Mark 10, 17.
[Narr. tawhich
quaunquaquéan (intens.), why do you
so? R. W. Old Alg.
‘quickly’ (—=quogquish?), Lah. ]
quogquohteau, y. i. he threatens; sup-
pos. quogquohtoadt, when he threatened,
threatening, Acts 9, 1; ‘if he make
threatening speeches’, Ind. Laws, v,
Vibl-ens

quilt, he who runs, 1 Sam. 20, 36.

See queshau.
quoquis, run thou;

run kegatch,

Dar G: quogquohtoaonk, threat-

TRUMBULL]

quogquohteau—continued.
ening, threats, Acts 4, 29.
nuh.

quohqunonou (?),
Proy. 30, 31.

quohquohquoanetdu (?), n. an ass; pl.
--og, Gen. 12,16. Elsewhere the Eng-
lish word is transferred without trans-
lation.

quohtinont, forbidding (him); part. of
queihtinnuh (q. v.).

quompham, y. t. he dips (it) up; infin.
quomphamun-at nippe, to dip up water,
Is. 30, 14. In Gen. 25, 30, the imperat.
2d sing. quompatash is used, from a form
quomphatam, he dips (it)?

[Narr. guamphash, quamphomiinnea,
(take thou up; and) ‘take up for me
out of the pot’, R. W. 36.
hum, he scoops or lades it out, Howse. ]

quomphippau [quompham nippe], v. i.
he dips up water; pl. -aog, ‘they drew
water’, 1 Chr. 11, 18. Cf. wuttuhppau,
he draws water. :

quomphunk, (inan. part. of qguompham,
that which dips or takes by dipping), a
net. Adj. quoiphéngane anahausuonk,
network, 1 K. 7, 17, 41.

(Chip. kwaubahwa, he fishes with
scoop net, Sch.; ahkwabinahgun, aseine;
kua bv a gen, a scoop net, 8. B. 2, 18; a

for ‘greyhound’,

See quanu non, qurnon@.

gua bina gen, ibid. 2, 19; a gwa bi na
gan, Bar. ]

quonomasq, n. a gourd, Jonah 4, 6, 10
(quanawask, ‘a bottle’, C.; i. e. made
from a gourd?). From gunni, long,
and n. gen. asq (pl. asquash), that which
may be eaten raw. Cf. askotasq; mon-
askotasg.

quoshde, -6e, -aue, it is beforehand, in
anticipation of; it goes before, in time;
as ady. quoshéde naum, he foreseeth,
Proy. 27, 12: quoshde missohhamwog,
they prophesy, Num. 11, 27; quoshéau
nowau, he promises, Heb. 12, 26.

quoshappu, y. i. he is (remains) ready;
imperat. 2d pl. quoshappegk, Luke 12, 40.

quoshauwéheau, vy. t.
(him) ready, prepares (him); more
common in the freq. form, quaquash-
weheav and quagquash-, as in Jonah 4, 7.
With inan. obj. he
makes (it) ready, prepares (it), and
freq. quaquoshwéhtam, quagquoshwéhtam,

quoshauwéhtam,

Ct. queihtin- |

Cree kwéppa-

caus. he makes |

NATICK—ENGLISH

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DICTIONARY 141

quoshauwéheau—continued.
Jonah 4, 6; Proy. 30, 25.
onk.

quoshinum, quash-, y. t. he takes (it)
beforehand, (it) in readiness:
quashinumumog uk-kéunkquodtoh, ‘they
make ready their arrow’, Ps. 11, 2.

quoshkinnum, he turns over (see title-
page of Indian Bible); ‘translated’.

quoshéau, vy. i. he promises; infin. quo-
shodnat, to ‘vow’ (to say beforehand),
Eccl. 5, 5.

[Abn. ne-katé8é, je promets, je lui dis

See quoshwé-

has

par avance. }

quoshodtum, y.
predicts, prophesies; imperat. guoshod-
tush, -odtsh, prophesy thou, Ezek. 30, 2;
34, 2. Vbl. n. quoshodtuonk, a prom-
ising, i. e. the subject of a promise, the
thing promised; pl. -ongash, ‘the prom-
ises’, Heb. 6, 12.
tumwaen-in, one who predicts some-
thing, a prophet, Deut. 13,1; Matt. 13,
57. Ct. késukquom, ‘a witch’.

[Cf. Abn. divination,
‘fausses observations de futuro’, etc.;
see Rasles under JoNGLEUR, JONGLERIE. |

quoshoée.

quoshohteau, vy. i. inan. subj. it is made
ready, prepared, or provided, Matt.
22, 8:
are ready’, ibid. y. 4.

quoshomau, vy. t. an. he says beforehand
to (him), promises (it) to (him): kuk-
quoshom, thou promisest or hast prom-
ised (him), 2 Sam. 7, 28; 1 Chr. 17,
26; suppos. part. quoshomont, vowing,
promising, Mal. 1, 14; Heb. 6, 13; noh
quoshomont, one who is pledged, ‘be-
trothed’, Ley. 19, 20; Deut. 20,7. Vbl.
n. quoshomdonk (-muwaonk), a promis-
ing, saying beforehand, Acts 1, 14;
2 Pet. 3, 9; pass. part. inan. ne quo-

i. he says beforehand,

N. agent. quoshod-

k8ssigain,

See quoshde.

wame quoshahtaush, ‘all things

shéomuk, that which is promised, being
promised.
quoshquechin.
quoshquodchu, vy. i. he feels cold, suffers
from cold [shakes with cold?] (quos-
quatcha, C.); infin. -chinat, as noun, 2
Cor. 11, 27.
[Narr. nick-qusquatch, lamecold,R.W.

See quosquechin.

Chip. nin gikadj, I am cold, Bar. }
quoshqussausu (?), y. adj. an. he is cir-
cumcised, Gen. 17, 10, 26. V. t. an.

142 BUREAU

quoshqussausu—continued.
quos(h) quswau, he cireumcises (him),
Ex. 4, 25. V. t. inan. quoshkussum
weyaus, he circumcised the flesh, Gen.
17, 23; suppos. ne quoshkussuk, that
which is circumcised, Gen. 17, 24. Vbl.
n. quoshqusatisuonk, circumcision, Ex. 4,
26; John 7, 22

quoshwéonk, an ‘alarm’, Num. 10, 5, 6

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

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(vbl. n. from quoshauwéheau, he makes |

or causes him to be prepared); a ‘note

of preparation’; or perhaps directly

from gushehheau (caus. of qishaii, he |

fears), he makes afraid, alarms.
quosquechin, quosh-, y. i. it ‘hangs
over’ (extends beyond?), Ex. 26, 12, 13.

|
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quoushau (?), quoashau, y. i. it spills, |

29.

is spilled, Mark 2, 22; Luke 4,
inan. subj. quouhteaw (2), it is spilt;
suppos. ve quouhteamuk, that which is
spilt, 2 Sam. 14, 14; ukquouhkonuh,
‘he spilled (it)’, Gen. 38, 9.

qushaii, y. t. an. he fears (him), is afraid
of (him), Prov. 14, 2; with affixes,
uk-qush-uh, he fears him, 2 Sam. 3, 11;
imperat. 2d sing. qush; 2d pl. qusheuk

Vbl. n. gushdonk, fearing, fear,

Prov. 14, 27; 20, 2; ‘reverence’, C.
[Narr. niick-qusha [nuk-qush-uh], I

fear him.

or -@k.

Cree goostdchu, he is afraid;
goostayoo, he fears him; goos-tum, he
tears it. ]

qushkeu, y. i. he goes back, returns, 2

K. 15, 12; Josh. 10, 15; suppos. quash- |

keik, Jer. 40,5: nuk-qushkem, 1 go back,
turn back, Neh. 2, 15 (nuk-quishkeem,
C.).
James 1,

Vbl. n. qushkeonk, turning back,

17. Adj. and ady. qushkée,

backward, in return, Is. 1, 4.
[Cree kéw-ayoo, he returns; kwisk-
issoo, he is turned over. ]

qushkodteau (”), vy. i. he passes over
[fords?], goes across (ariver) [on foot? ],
Gen. 31, 21; Josh. 3,17; 4,10: seip ne woh
mo qushkodtéomuk, a river that could
not be passed over, Ezek. 47,5; qushod-
teaog Jordan, they passed over Jordan,
2 Sam. 2, 29.

qusseashko, y. t. he swallows (it), Job
5, 5; Ex. 7, 12 (qushasqunneat, to
swallow, Job 7, 19). V. i. qusseash-
quinneau, he swallows, Obad. 16. Cf.
mishedshkw.

ost

[Abn. ne-k8ssihada, ou -d8, javale.] |

[BULLETIN 25

qussinausu, y. adj. an. she is menstru-
ous; as adj. and ady. -sue, Lev. 15, 19,
25, 26; suppos. gussinausit, when she
is menstruous, Ley. 15, 25; 20,18. Vbl.
n. -ausuonk, menstruation, Ley. 12, 2.
[Narr. qushendwsui, ‘a woman keep-
ing alone in her monthly sickness’,
ReaWe Dos
qussuk, n. a rock, El. Gr. 10; Ps. 78, 20;
pl. + quanash, Ps. 78, 15: wutch qussuk-
quan-ohtu, from (among) the rocks, Jer.
51, 25; dimin. pl. gussukquanés-ash, 1
Sam. 17, 40.
[Narr. qussticqun, heavy; kuck-qissa-
qun, you are heavy; qusstick, a stone.
Del. ksuc-quon, heavy, Zeisb. ]

Cf. hassun; ompsk.

qussukquaneutunk, n. a (stone) wall,
Prov. 24, 31; Gen. 49, 22 ( quissukquan-
nitonk, C.).

qussukquanush (?), n. ‘the kite’, Ley.
11, 14; but weenont, kite, Deut. 14, 13.

qut, ‘conj. discretive’, but (El. Gr. 22),
yet, and yet, except that (‘‘qut onch
sometimes is used for but, because, yet
so, but also, but even, nevertheless’’,

C.); qut matta, but not, unless there be,

Job 6, 6. See kuttumma.

qutchehheu, y. t. an. caus. he makes
trial of (him), proves (him), tempts
(him); imperat. qutcheh, prove thou
(them); gutcheheh, prove thou me, Ps.
26, 2; prohib. qutcheheuhkon, do not
tempt, Deut. 6, 16 (qutche, try thou;
nuk-qutchiwwam, I prove, C.). Adj. and
ady. qutchehwie, -uhde, of temptation,
tempting, Ps. 95, 8. N. agent. qulchu-
aén-in, one who tries, a tempter, | Thess.
3,5. Vhbl. n. quichhuwaonk, a trying,
trial, temptation, Luke 4, 13.

qutchéhtam, qutchtam, y. t. he tastes
(it), tries by tasting; pret. nuk-qutchtam-
up, I tasted (it), 1 Sam. 14, 48; suppos.
quadjtog, quajtog, when he tasted (it),
John 2, 9; Dan. 5, 2; Matt. 27, 34 (qut-
chehtam-iinat, to taste; vbl. n. qgutcheh-
tammonk [the sense of] taste, C.).

[Abn. ne-k8taddmen, je gotite, pour

voir s’il est bon. ]

qutchehteau, y. t. he makes trial of (it),
he proves (it) by trial; imperat. 2d pl.
-leomk, prove ye (all things), 1 Thess.
5,20. Vbl. n. qutchehteoonk, pl. -ongash,
trials, attempts, C.

TRUMBULL]

quthum, = quttiithham, he measures or
weighs (it).

*quttduatu (Narr. ), sixpence or its value
in bead money; otherwise qguttatashavim-
scat, six-penny’s-worth, R. W.128, 129.

quttaueu, kuttauweu,v. i. hesinks, goes |

down (in mire, Jer. 38, 6; in water,
Luke 5, 7; ina pit, Ps. 9,15): ahque kut-
taweti, let me not sink, Ps. 69, 14. Cf.
-quitiink, the throat; quttiihham, he
weighs; guttidnumau, he shows respect;
m’kuttuk (mukkuttuk), the knee.

[Abn. ne-ghedahamen, ‘je Venfonce
dans l’eau, et va au fond’; gheda‘rra, il
entfonce dans l’eau. ]

*quttdunemun, ‘to plant corn’, R. W.
91. For pauquttaunemun (2).

quttaushau, quttuhshau, vy. i. he sinks |

disastrously or by mischance; he is
drowned, Amos 9, 5; pl. quttuhshauog
onatuh qussuk, they sank to the bottom
like a stone, Ex. 15, 5, = quttawushaog,
v.10. From quttauéu, with sh of mis-
chance. With inan. subj. quttausheau, it
sank, 1 Sam. 17, 49; ‘qutonkammmo
komshom’, it sinks thy boat, Samp.
Quinnup. 156.

quttiantam, y. t. inan. he honors, shows
respect to (it).

quttidnumau, y. t. an. he honors, shows
respect to (him), Dan. 11, 38: nuk-
quehtidnum ketassot, 1 honor the king,
Dan. 4, 37; imperat. guttidnum kash,
honor thy father, Ex. 20, 12; suppos.
part. noh quttianumont, he who honors,
shows respect to, Proy. 14, 31. Vbl.
n. quttianumdonk, (showing) respect,
honoring; pass. qutlidnittuonk, being
honored, respect or honor, as referred
to its object. Cf. quéhtam, he fears,
and see quttauéu, he sinks.

quttompaghoteg, n. a balance, a weigh-
ing instrument, Jer. 32, 10; Deut. 25,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

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143

quttompaghoteg—continued.
15: quttompaghewtau, he weighed (it) in
a balance, 2 Sam. 14, 26. Vbl. n. qut-
tompaghotoonk, weighing, C.
skol, a penny, and examples there-
under.

*quttow, n. a log (?), C.

qutttuhham, quthun, y. t. he measures
or weighs (it), Ezek. 40, 28, 32; Job
28, 25; suppos. noh quadhuk, he who

See omp-

measures; pass. part. inan. guitwhumuk,
quthumuk, measured, Jer. 31, 37; an.
quttuhhut, qutwhut, (he is) measured,
Dan. 5, 27; freq. quaquthum; suppos.
quaquadhuk (-hok, Is. 40, 12); t. an.
quttuhhamau-au, he measured (it) to or
for (him), Gen. 23, 16. Adj. and ady.
quituhamae, quthumée, by measure, by
weight. Vbl. n. guttwhhammonk, meas-
ure, weight. Cf. egketam*@ndt, to count.
quttuhheg, n. (suppos. inan. or instru-
mentive of gutttiham) that which meas-
ures, a measuring instrument, Ex. 26,
2; Deut. 25, 14; pl.-tash, 1 Chr. 23, 29;
quttuhhonk (vbl. n. act.), a measuring,
measure: quituhhongan-it, by measure,
‘inameasure’, Is. 40, 12.
quttuhshau.
quttthwhosu, ‘adj. and ady. measured,
by measure, by weight, Ezek. 4, 10;
1K. 4, 22; pl.tash, 1 K. 5, 11; 18, 32.
Properly, v. i. an. he measures, is meas-
uring (nuk-qgultshwhous, I measure, C.).
quttukqsheau, v. i. inan. subj. it turns,
bends, makes an angle (of a boundary
line, Num. 34,4). Vbl. n. qguttukshunk,
‘the turning’ or bend (of a wall, Neh.
3, 19, 25). Cf. mukkuttuk, the knee.
-quttunk, n. throat; his
throat. From quttau-eu, it goesdown (?).
See mukquttuk.
[Narr. qiittuck.
it, Zeisb. ]

See quttaushau.

uk-quttunk,

Del. gunta, swallow

R

*rame (Quir.), within, in, Pier. 48, 49, | *rout

and passim.

*ramuk (Quir. ), as postposition and prep-
osition for under: nippe ramik okke,
waters under the earth, Pier. 46. Cf.
rame.

(Quir.), fire; rowtag, Pier. 67. See
notau,
*réwat, rouwat (Quir.), of old (?): nah

réwat, of old (in old time), Pier. 29;

rouwat eo podpe, long ago (?), ibid,

144

sabde. See saupde.

sabahég (suppos. inan. of saupahhéau),
made soft, softened (by water?); n.
‘pottage’, 2 K. 4, 38; sdbahég, Gen. 25,
29; sebaheg, Judg. 6, 19, 20; adj. sabah-
hégane, 2 K. 4, 40; neepataush sabahég,
‘seethe pottage’, v. 38. See saupde.

sdbasum, y. t. he melts (it); infin.
-umunat, Ezek. 22, 20; suppos. inan. or
part. pass. sabasumuk, when it is melted,
Ezek. 22, 22. Vbl. n. sabassummonk,
a melting, a furnace for melting; and
suppos. instr. sabasség, a melting instru-
ment, a furnace, Ezek. 22, 18, 20. Adj.
sdbasumwe, molten, 2 Chr. 34, 4; v. adj.
an. sabasosu, sdbohsosu, he melts or is
melting, Jer. 6, 29; inan. subj. sabohteau,
it melts, is melted. (noh sobpasit,

when he melteth, Mass. Ps., Ps.
58, 8.)
*sabuck, n. gunpowder, C. See *sati-
puck.

*sachim (Narr.), pl. +atog, n. ‘king’,
R. W. 120. Vbl. n. sachinidtionck, ‘a
kingdom or monarchy’, ibid. See tah-
smtam.

[Peq. stinjum, king, Stiles. Micm.
shahman. Abn. saigmai, capitaine;
ne-saiigmaiii, je suis capitaine. Del. sag-
kimau, he is a chief, Hkw. Mass. sach-
im, sagamore, a king, Wood. The com-
parison of these forms shows the iden-
tity of the names ‘sachem’ and ‘saga-
more’, the latter representing the 3d
sing. indic. of the verb sonkghuau, or
sohkauau (as Eliot wrote it), ‘he pre-
vails over’, ‘has the mastery’. Cf.
sontim. ]

*sachimmaacommock [for sachimmoe-
komuk] (Narr.), ‘a prince’s house’,
Re Wi. 120:

*sichimoa-chepewéssin (Narr.), n. a
strong northeast wind, R. W. 83.

sigket, sdket, sdketog, suppos. of
sohkeii, sohkeu, or suhkou, he pours out,
ejects: noh sagkét, he who urinates, 1
K. 16, .11; (sdgketog) 1 Sam. 25, 34; 2
Kegns:

[Abn. ne-seghi, mingo; seg8di, urina. ]

sagkompanau, -pagunau, vy. t. an. he
leads (them), directs (them), Is. 40, 11

(nus-sogkompaginntiwam, I lead, I rule, |

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

S

[BULLETIN 25

sagkompanau, etc.—continued.
C.); pl. -anaog, Matt. 15, 14; suppos.
part. -pagunont, when he leads, lead-
ing, ibid.; sagkompagunuh, he led (i. e.
continued to lead) them, Ex. 13, 17, 18;
ahque sagkompaginnean, Luke 11, 4,
=ahque sagkompagunaiinnean, ‘lead us
not’, do-not lead-thou-us, Matt. 6, 13.
N. agent. sagkompaginnuen, one who
leads, a leader.

sdket, sdketog. See sdgket.

*sammee, oil (?), C. See pummee.

samogkinumuk, suppos. pass. (inan.) of
summdagunum, that which is stretched
outor held forth, asa staff, the hand, ete.

*samp. See saupéde.

samp, y.i. he is a guide, he directs
right; t. an. sampmau, he is a guide to
(him); nus-sampowun, I am a guide to
(them), Rom. 2, 19.

sampmau, y.t.an. he confesses to (him):
nus-sampmam, I confess (my sins) to
(him), Ps. 32,5; inan. sampmwantam, he
confesses (it); pl. -tamwog, Neh. 9, 2;
y. i. sampwe-antam, he is frank-minded
(cf. Abn. sanbisi, ‘franchement, sans
feinte’, under sampwi). (Primarily, he
is honest or frank toward. )

sampshanau. See sampwushanau.

sampwe. See sampwi.

sampwenéhheau, vy. caus. an. he causes
(him) to be just, makes (him) just or
upright, ‘justifies’. Suppos. part. noh
sampwenéhheont, he who justifies, a
justifier, Rom. 3, 26. Pass. sampwe-
néhit, he is justified, Rom.3, 24. Vbl.n.
sampwenéhheaonk, justifying, justifica-
tion (act.); -éhhittuonk, being justified,
justification (pass. ).

sampweogquanumau, y. t. an. he ac-
counts (him) just or right, reckons
(him) as just. Suppos. part. sampweog-
quanumont, one justifying (himself),
Job 32, 2. From sampwe and ogquanu-
mau,

sampwetisseahheau, y. caus. an. he
causes (him) to do justly, makes (him)
righteous or upright; pass. he is made
righteous; pl. -hedog, they are made
righteous, Rom. 5, 19.

sampwi, -we, vy. i. it is (1) straight;
(2) right, just, upright. en samp-

TRUMBULL]

sampwi, -we—continued.
we may-ut, in a straight way, Jer. 31, 9;
in the right way, Ps. 107, 7; suppos.
(rarely used) sampoi, if it be right,
Proy. 20,11 [?]*. Suppos. inan. ne samp-
wag, that which is right, 2 K. 22, 2.
Adj. inan. sampwe yeit, Ezek. 45, 11.
V. adj. an. sampwesu, he is straight,
upright, ‘an upright man’, Job 1, 1;
suppos. noh sampwesit, he who is up-
right, Micah 7, 4. V. adj. inan. sam-
pohteau, it is straight, upright; caus.
sampwehteau, be makes (it) straight:
kum-may, make thy
way straight; part. sampwehteau-un,
straightened. V. adj. an. act. samp-
weusseii, he does straight, uprightly.
Adj. and ady. -ussede, doing justly,
uprightly, 2 Pet. 27, 7; righteous, Ps.
Jol, Ye NIK” bok,
rightness (in doing), justice, righteous-
ness, Deut. 24, 13; Ps. 11,7. N. agent.
-usseaen, he who does right or justly, a
just man. (Cf. Sansk. swmd, (1) similis,
zequalis; (2) equus; (3) integer; sampdad,
pertectio, felicitas. Lat. similis; Engl.
same. )
(*Note.—Marked ‘* No!”’ by the compiler in
the manuscript. }

sampwehteaush

sampweusseonk, ap-

[Narr. satimpi, straight. Quir. som-
pdio, (it is) right, Pier. Abn. sanbisi,
‘franchement, sans feinte’, but the ex-
amples given show that the word was
used in the sense of fairly, justly. Cree
simmutz, perpendicular; simmutinum, he
erects it. ]

sampwushanau, sampshanau, y.t.an.
he guides (them): ken sampwushan-op,
thou didst guide, lead, Ps. 10,1. Part.
suppos. sampshanont, pl. -oncheg, they
who guide, guides, Is. 9,16. N. agent.
sampwushaen, a guide (=sampwoshds-
sean, Ps. 55, 13).

*sanaukamuck (Narr.) n. land; nis-
sawndwkamuck, my land, R. W. 838.
(Probably land inclosed and cultivated,
afield: from and komuk, inclosed
place. See sonkin, it grows, and cf.
Abn. SsaikanSr, ‘la terre produit’.
Perhaps the same as sowanohkomuk
(Josh. 15, 19), ‘south land’, a field
with southern exposure (see sowaniyeu).
Cf. *ohteuk.

B. A. E., Buu. 25 10

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|

| saup, adv. tomorrow (El. Gr.

145

*sannegkqmonk (?), ‘to sneeze’, C.; but,
by its form, a verbal noun, sneezing (?).
Perhaps for nanagkwonk, C.

[Abn. nenékkSaiims, I sneeze. |
sanukkuhkau. See sunnukkuhkau.
sasamatahwhutteaonk, ybl. n.

punishment received; being punished,
Gen. 4, 13; pl. -ongash, ‘scourgings’,
Heb. 11, 36.

sasamatau, y. t. he chastises (him):
nus-sasamat-oh, 1 punish him, Jer. 23,
24; I chastise (him), Luke 23, 16, 22
(nus-sohsamatoh, I chastise; nus-sdsamit-
tahh@am, I punish, C.).
matahwhau (-ahhaa),

pass.

’

Caus. gsasa-

he punishes
(them), causes (them) to be chastised;
suppos. pass. sasamatahwhut, when he
is punished, Proy. 21, 11.

(Narr. sasaumilaiiawhitch, let him be
whipped, R. W. 122. Abn. n8-saiimt-
tehan, je le bats (légérement). ]

*sasaunckapamuck (Narr. ),n. ‘the sas-
safras tree’, R. W. 90.

[Abn. sasaiigsbémaks, puant
pour faire yomir’; makSanii, bon a
manger. ]

*sasémin-eash (Narr.), pl. cranberries,
R. W. 90.

*sashkontmwaonk, n. ‘a shrill tone, or
voice’, C.

sasiogokish, pl. difficult (very hard)
things, Ex. 18, 26. Suppos. pl. of
sasiogke, freq. of siogke, it is hard, diffi-
cult.

sassadt, n. ‘a crane’, Is. 38, 14. Cf.
tannag, crane, Jer. 8, 7. See Cree
thathicke, tears, rends; and ef. tannogki.

*sassakussue puppinashimwog, ‘wild
beasts’, Mass. Ps., Ps. 50, 11 (for towoh-
komukque puppinashimwog, E1.).

*sassammauquock (Narr. ), n. pl. eels,
R. W. 103.

[Del. schachamék, an eel (cf. schach-
achki, straight;
glossy, slippery), Zeisb. Gr. ]

*sassaqushauog (Narr.), v. i. they are
slow; nickqissakus, I am slow. See
sesegenam, he is slothful.

*saunketippo (Narr.), n. a hat or cap,
1 \il Ore

*sauoppunk, a rod, Mass. Ps., Ps. 2, 9.

21), Ex.

‘bois

wschacheu, smooth,

92.

8, 23; 1 Sam. 20, 5.

146 BUREAU

saup—continued.
[ Narr. saiiop.

bey, ce matin; shabon&k, demain.
(wépuch,

Miem. sha-
Cree
soon ).

Abn. séba.

wippak-e, tomorrow
Chip. wabang, tomorrow; jéba (shaiba),
in the morning. Del. sedpok, tomor-
row morning, Zeisb. ]

saupde, sabde, it is softened, made soft
by water; as adj. ‘miry’, Dan. 2, 43;
saupde manansk (softened clay), ‘mor-
tar’, Gen. 11, 3. Suppos. concrete, sd-
bahég, that which is made soft, ‘pot-
tage’, boiled food (perhaps from a
causative form, sawpahhéau, he makes
it soft); hence sappaen (modern sup-
pawn, sepawn, sepon, Webst. ) for saupd-
un, softened.
daily boiled to a pap called by them
suppaen.’’—Descr. of N. Neth., 1671.
Cf. sébasum, he melts, softens by heat.

“The crushed corn is |

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

(Narr. nasdwmp, ‘a kind of meal pot- |

tage, unparched; from this the English
call their samp’’, ete., R.W. 33. Abn.
ntisaibaiin, sagamité; ntsaiibé, fais-en;
kesaiib&, Sios-saib8, bouillon de chair;
namés-saibs&, bouillon de poisson, ete.
Chip. nis-sdbawe, lam wet (with rain),
Bar. ]

*satipuck (Narr.), n. gunpowder, R. W.
149; sabuek, C.

[Abn. sa‘saiibigsak, il fait des éclairs.
Del. sasappiwak, lightnings; sapiechtité,
when it lightens, Zeisb. ]

saushkisashaii, siashk-, y. t. an. he
scares, frightens (him): kus-siashkisash-
eh, thou secarest me (by dreams), Job
7, 14.

sauskshanittuonk, ybl. n. being terri-
fied, terror, fright; pl. -ongash nukko-
ndeu, terrors by night, Ps. 91, 5.

[Abn. ne-séghesi, je suis épouyante. ]

sauuhkissu, y. i. (adj. an.) he pants
(is very weary, exhausted) (sawuhkis-
sinneat, to pant; nus-sauuhkis, IT pant,
C.); suppos. sdakussit, when he pants,
Pas 42eall

[Abn. saiikstéssé, il tombe en défail-
lance de marcher; saiikStési, de
chaleur, ete. Del. schauysin, to be
weak, Zeish. Gr. 104.]

sauunum, vy. i. he is weary, ‘his strength

faileth’, Is. 44, 12; nus-sauunum, I am |

weary, Gen. 27, 46 (pogkodche nus-sout-
num, lam very weary, C.); suppos. noh

[BULLETIN 25

sauunum—continued.
sauunuk, he who is weary, Job 22,

if.
V. t. an. savunumau, he wearies (him).
Vbl. n. sawunuméonk, weariness, faint-
ness, Ley. 26, 36.

[ Narr. nis-séwanis, lam weary. Abn.
ne-sas-sii, je suis las de marcher; ne-sas-
arokké, ‘je suis fatigué du travaille’, ete. ;
sasi8i,lassement. Del. schauwewi, tired,
weak, Zeisb. Gr. 104; schawwussu, he is
weak, Zeisb. Voc. 28; sehawwvalamé, to
faint with hunger, ibid. 55.]

*sawhoog ( Narr. ), loose, unstrung beads
or shell money, R. W.131. (For séah-
whéog, they arescattered. Seeséahhum.)

(Cf. Abn. ‘nonchalamment,
sans l’accommoder, sans le lier’, ete. ]

séahham, seoéh-, y. t. he scatters (it),
sprinkles (it), Prov. 20, 8; Ps. 53, 5;
Ley. 3, 2. Freq. seseahham, Proy. 11,
With an. obj.

saisi,

24 (with inan. suffix).
seahwhau, seaéhheau, he scatters, dis-
perses (them), Prov. 20, 26; Is. 24, 1;
nag seahwhéog, they are scattered, Ezek.
34, 5; suppos. (pass.) seahwhulteadg,
when you are scattered, Ezek. 6, 8.
With augm. of mischance, seahshau and
(intens.) seakshau, he scatters disas-
trously, 2 K. 25,5; 1Sam.11,11. With
augm. of continued action, seauhkonau,
seawmkau, he habitually scatters, goes on
scattering (them).° (These forms are
all causative. The primary verb is not
used by Eliot, except perhaps in Luke
Tale
tereth. )

[Narr. sawhoog, sawhdsachick, (pl. )

92
23,

sedeiyeu [=se-d-ei-u], he scat-
See nanwiyeu; naswaeu.

loose (scattered). Abn. sai8i, ‘non-
chalamment’; sai8i pitS, ‘mets cela

dans le sac, sans l’accommoder, sans le
lier, simplement comme il est’. Del.
sasehemen, to scatter. ]
séauhteau, seaoht-, v. t. he makes (it)
tter, he sprinkles (it), Lev. 4, 6 (nus-
sewduhteam, I sprinkle, I scatter, C.).
sebaheg, n. pottage, bouillon. See
sabaheg.

sce

séé, it is sour; adj. sour; ‘sée wine’, for
‘vinegar’, Num. 6, 3; Ps. 69, 21; sée
petukquinunk, leavened (fermented)
bread, Ex. 34, 25. Suppos. concrete
séog, that which is sour, when sour;
nukkone séog, ‘leaven’, Ex. 13, 7. Adj.
séane (of unripe fruit), Is. 18, 5; Jer. 31,

TRUMBULL]

séé—continued.
29, 30, (of drink) Hos. 4, 18.
it is hard, difficult.

Ct. siogke,

[Cree séwi ssu, he is sour or salt; sé- |

wappwooy, sour liquor, i. e. vinegar.
Chip. (St Marys) shé wun, (Sag. ) seewan.
Menom. shaywon. Del. shu won, Sch. 11,
478; schwon, Zeish. Voc. 6.]

seep. See sépu, a river.

seepsin, sepsin, y. i. (he extends him-
self,) he lies down, Ruth 3, 7; Jonah 1,
5; imperat. 2d sing. sepsish, lie down;
suppos. sepsinon, when I lie down, Job
Ty

[Abn. saiisadSsin (étendu) or saii-
sdt8. Del. sopsin, to be naked; sopsu,
he is naked (?), Zeisb. ]

*segato (Narr.), a widower, R. W.
sekousq.

[Del. schikuwak (pl.), widowers,
Zeisb. ]

segenam, y. i. he is indolent, slothful.
More common in the freq. and intens,
sesegenam, he is habitually idle, lazy:
nag sesegenamwog, they are idle, Ex.
5, 8. Cf. with ahgue segenammk, be not
slothful or remiss (in a particular mat-
ter), Judg. 18,9; ahque sesegenamok, be
not slothful (by habit), Rom. 12, 11.
Adj. and ady. -amwe, Proy. 10, 4; Matt.
PAO, 8 AWlolk, a0
saseg- (sdsekeneammonk, C.), slothful-
ness, idleness.

[Narr. kus-sdsaqus, you are slow.
Abn. sk8aiiik, le dernier (?) , or saé/ghi'ré,
‘il n’est pas ceinturé, il va a la negli-
gence’. |

séip. See sépu.

seippog [sé?pog], n. ‘salt water’, James
3, 12. Elsewhere in Eliot’s translation
the English word ‘salt’ is transferred.

sekeneam, sekenam, y. t. (1) he re-
fuses, rejects; (2) he manifests aversion
to; (3) he hates (it), Gen. 37,35; Jer. 31,
15; Proy. 13,5. Suppos. noh sekenog,
he who refuses, hates, Proy. 15, 27.
With an. obj. sekeneau, he refuses,
rejects, hates (him), Gen. 27, 41: nus-
sekeneau, I hate him, 1 K. 22, 8; 2 Chr.
18, 7; suppos. nol sekeneait, pl. -itcheg,
they who hate (him), Prov. 8, 36.
Vbil. n. act. hating,
hatred felt, 2 Sam. 13,15; sekeneausuonk,

See

sekeneaudonk,

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

segeneamaonk, and |

147

| sekeneam, etc.—continued.

hatred in exercise, active hatred; pass.
sekeneadtuonk, -eoadtuonk, being hated;
hatred received, Gen. 3, 15; Eccl. 9, 1;
recipr.or mutual, sekeneaittuonk, enmity,
mutual hatred, Proy. 10, 12.

(Narr. sékineam, I have no mind to it;
nis-sékineug, he likes not me; sekinneau-
hetttiock, they hate each other. Abn.
ne-sigaiidam, je ne le yeux pas. Del.
schinginamen, to hate something; -galau,
he is hated, Zeisb. ]

*sekontomwau, ‘lisping’ [he lisps?], C.
sekousgq [for sekousqgud], n. a widow (se-

keiuishq, C.); pl. -squaog, Ley. 21, 14;
1 Tim. 5,3: nen sekousg, I am a widow,
2 Sam. 14,5. As a verb, imperat. 2d
sing. sekousquaish, be thou a widow,
Gen. 38,11. From asuhkau (she comes
after) or sequnau (she is left) and squd,
a left woman, a relict.
(Narr. segatio, widower; segovisquaw,

widow. Del. schikochqueu, Zeisb.]

seOhham. See séahhain.

sép, ariver. See sépu.

sepagenum, sepak-, sepagk-, y. t. he
spreads out, extends (it), 2 Sam. 17, 19;
Ps. 105, 39.
who spreads, extends.
umwe, extended, spread out, Jer. 10,9.

See sequnau.

Suppos. noh sepagenuk, he
Adj. sepagen-

sepaghunk, n. a sail, Acts 27, 40 (sepak-

hunk, C.). Suppos. inan. of sepagkeu,
it spreads, that which extends or is
extended. See *seppagham.

[Narr. sepdkehig, a sail; sepagehom-
maiita, let us sail.
je vas a la voile. ]

sepagkeii (pl. -éog), y. i. they extend,
spread (themselves), 2 Sam. 5, 18; 1
Chr. 14, 13. Pass. inan. sepagkemo,
sepakema, it is spread, it spreads, ex-
tends. Suppos. sepakemmuk, if it be
spread (as leprosy, Lev. 13, 22, 27).
sepakehtamoonk, n. the firmament,
Gen. 1,7. (This verbal, from a form
sepakehtam, was perhaps formed by
Eliot. )
sepakenum.
sepe, (it spreads out, extends; hence) it
is long, a long time, Josh. 6, 5; Matt.
23, 14; ‘a good while’, Gen. 46, 29:
sepe mahche, long after, Josh. 23, 1.
(Cf. Greek ord-erv,

Abn. ne-sibéghihima,

See sepagenum.

Cf. qunni; seseken.

148 BUREAU

sepe—continued.
to draw forth;
(67e16-e17v), to pour outa liquid; Goth.

and Ang.-Sax. spinnan, spannan. )

onitery,

[Cree séep-issu, he is durable, lasting.
Abn. sipi8i, enfin. ]
sepepomantam, y. i. he is long-lived,
lives long, is ‘stricken in years’, Gen.
18a
(he lives).

From sepe, and pémantam

sepham, v. t. he offers, he sacrifices (it);
y. t. an. sephamau, he offers or sacrifices
(it) to (him), 1 Cor. 10, 20.

sephausu, y. i. he sacrifices, offers sac-
rifice; pl. -wog, Hos. 4, 13. Vbl. n.
-uwonk, a sacrificing, an offering, Ezra 9,
4; Ps. 118, 27; pl. -uongash (séphausu,
it is offered or sacrificed, C.). N. agent.
sephausiiaen, one who offers, a priest,
Lev. 1,9.
priests collectively, the priesthood, 1
Pet. 2,5. [See Rasles under JonGLEuR,
JONGLERIE. |

N. collect. sephausuenetimonk,

sephausuau, y. t. he offers or sacrifices
to (him).

sepohtaeu, y. i. he is, or continues, long
(in a place?); suppos. noh sepohtadt,
‘when he had been there a long time’,
Gen. 26, 8 Adj. and ady. sepohtée,
(long) continuing, Jer. 30, 23. Par-
ticipial sepahtau-un, long continuing,
‘durable’, Proy. 8, 18.

*seppagham, he sails, C. (i. e. sepag-wm,
he goes by spreading out, by a sail).
See sepdghunk.

sepsin.

sépu, séip, seep, n.a river, Dan. 8, 3,7;
Gen. 2, 10, 14; pl. -uash, Ezek. 47, 9.
Literally, ‘it extends, stretches out, is
long’, a continuing stream.

See seepsin.

See sepe.
The inseparable generic name for river
used in all compound words was -tuk
(q. y.), from tukko, fluctuat, undat.
sepu-ut, by the river; nashaue sepuwehtu,
in the midst of rivers, Ezek. 29, 3; sepu-
pog, a river of water, Ps. 119, 136; Rey.
22,1. Dimin. sepuése, sepuwus, pl. -ésash,
‘brooks’, Job 20, 18.

(Narr. séip, R. W.; sepe, sebe, Stiles;
dimin. sepoése, a little river; sepoémese,
a little rivulet, R. W. 88. Old Alg.
sipim, a river (sibikinan, to pour out),
Lah. Cree séepee,

ut

Abn. sips, pl. sip8ar.

OMEVO-ELV

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

sépu, séip, seep—continued.
pl. +4. Chip. séhé, séepee, pl. + wun.
Del. si po, Zeisb. ]

sequan, (it is) summer, Ps. 74, 17; Matt.
24, 32; rather, early summer (séquan,
spring, C. and R. W.). Cf. népun.
Ady. and adj. sequdne, of summer, in
summer, Dan. 2, 35; Prov. 26,1. The
radical perhaps signifies ‘dry’; ef. Abn.
sig8an, with sikkaaiis8, ‘le ruisseau est
tari’. In the Catechismo Algonchino,
p. 22 (qu. 28), sdkwaninik (in the spring)
is translated ‘diffuente arborum hu-
more’, Fr, ‘quand la séve coule’. But
there is no ‘arbor’ in the synthesis.
It means probably ‘when water runs’
(i.e. when it thaws?).

[Quir. sequoks, in summer, Pier. 28,

Abn. sig8an, le printemps. Cree sék-

Chip. ségwun, spring.

Del. si quon, spring, Zeisb. ]

wun, it is spring.

*sequanamauquock (Narr.), n. pl. [se-

quane-dmaug, pl. + quog, early-summer
fish], ‘bream’, R. W. The same spe-
cies as mishetip-patog. ‘Of this fish
there is abundance which the natives
dry in the sun and smoke.’’ Probably
the species now known as ‘scuppaug’
and ‘porgy’ (Pagrus argyrops, Cuv.).

sequnau, y. i. he remains behind, is left,

(nen webe nus-sequinit, | remain alone,
am left, 1 K. 18, 22); suppos. noh sequ-
nut, -it, he who is left; pl. nag seque
nutcheg, ‘the remnant that are left’,
1K. 14, 10; 2 K. 19, 4 (=ashqunutcheg,
Neh. 1, 3). Inan. sequnneau, it re-
mains, is left; suppos. ne sequnuk, ase
qunuk, ashqunuk, that which remains,
the remainder, the remnant; Lev. 2, 3;
14, 17; 19, 6. N. coll. (?) ashgshunk, pl.
+ ish, what (things) remain, Ley. 27, 18.
Cf. asuhkaue, (it comes) after; nus
qurneat, to remain alone.

0

[Abn. sk8aiik pem&ssé, he last comes,
‘jl vient des derniers’; ne-n&ssSkaSaii,
je le suis, sequor. Narr. segaiio, he is a
widower [a relict], is left.]

sequnittuonk, pass. ybl. n. that which

has been left by another, a remnant,
Ezra 9, 8.

sequnnumau, y. t. an. he leaves a re-

mainder to (him); negat. matta sequn-
numauwo-a-og, they leave not a re-
mainder to (him), 2 Sam. 14, 7.

TRUMBULL]

sequttahwhau, y. t. he remains (of a
number), he is left, of (them), Deut.
3, 11. Otherwise written ashqueht-,
asqueteah-, asqut-, ushqueht-, ete. Sup-
pos. pl. neg sequttahwhutcheg, they who
are left of, the remnant of, Deut. 3, 11
(asquttahwutcheg, 1 K. 9, 21).

sequtteaumuk, ashqueteamuk, pass.
suppos. inan., that which is left, the
remnant; pl. --ish, the leavings, Ex.
12, 10; Matt. 15, 37.

sesegenam, y. i. he is habitually idle,
slothful; freq. of segenam, q. vy.

seségk.

[sesekeu, vy. i. he stretches himself (in
bed or when lying down) :] matta woh
wuttit sesekein, he can not stretch him-
self thereon, Is. 28, 20. Cf. sesepaeu,

See sesékq.

he stretches himself (and remains
stretched ).

[Abn. ne-sa'sdighesin, ‘je m’étens,
étant couché’. Del. — schachachgeu,

straight along, Zeisb. ]
sesékq, seségk, n. a venomous serpent.

‘adder’, Gen. 49, 17; Prov. 23, 32; |
‘viper’, Acts 28, 3; pl. -qudog. Per-

haps this name was applied by the
Indians only to the rattlesnake, and
isonomatopoetic. Cf. seséka, ‘he peeps’
(as a bird), Is. 10, 14; sausauag (sup-
pos.), whenit ‘tinkles’, 1 Cor. 13,1; and
he ‘hisses’.
sisi; Polish,

cf. askwk, snake; quequssit,
(Cf. Greek 67%e1; Tonga, s
hszyk, to hiss. )

[Narr. rattlesnake, R. W.;
seasicke, Wood. Abn. sisikSé, serpent A
sonnettes; SsigSian, la sonnette; sésseg8,
il crache. ]

*sésép, qunisseps, n. a duck, C.

SES ek,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|

See

*quequécum. This name perhaps signi-

fies a diver. [Cf. Abn. netsapi, ‘je me
plonge dans eau’; 3d _ pers. tsa8ap8s,

from which freq. tse-tsa8ap8 or tse-tsap&

would be regularly formed.*]
[*NoTE.—Marked “doubtful” in the mar-
gin.”’)
[Cree séeseep, pl. +-uk.
sheep, pl. +ug.]
sesepdeu, y. i. he stretches himself,
2 K. 4, 34; suppos. noh sesepauet, he
who stretches himself; pl. nag sesepaué-
cheg, Amos 6,7. From sepe (sepdeu, he
extends), with augm. reduplication.

Chip. shée- |

149

sesepdeu—continued.
Ct. kou-eu; sépsin; sesekeu. (Sansk. Si,
jacere, dormire; svap, dormire, jacere;
svdpna, somnium. )

shehteden [for nushéhteden], n. agent. a
murderer,

shpun-au.

shuog, for nishuog, an. pl. three, Jer.
36, 23.

shwe, pl. inan. shwinash, for nishwenash,
nishwinash, three.

shwinchag, for
Num. 31, 44, 45.

shwosuk tahshe, num. eight, El. Gr.
14; pl. inan. shwosuk tahshinash; an.

See uspunauonat,

See nishwe.

nishwinchag, thirty,

shwosuk tahsuog, Gen. 8, 23: shwosuk
tahshishquanogkod, eight cubits (meas-
ures of length), Ezek. 40, 9; shwosuk
audtahshikquinapit, (when) eight days
old, Gen. 17, 12; nabo shwosuk, eighteen;
shwosuk tahshinchag, eighty; pl. an.
shwosuk tahshinkodtog; inan. shwosuk
tahshinkodtash. Otherwise written nish-
wosuk, from n’shwe enishwe), three, the
third finger of the second hand, or
5+3.

[Narr. shwésuck, eight; piuck-nabna
shwosuck, eighteen; swoasuck ta shin-
check, eighty, R. W. 41, 42. Abn.
utsaisek, eight. Old Alg. nissouassou,
eight, Lah. Cree swdss’ik, eight. Chip.
shous we, eight; (Ojibwa) nish was swi.
Del. chaasch, Zeisb.]

siashkisashaii.
*sickissuog (Narr.), n. pl. clams, Mya
arenaria or long clam (stikkissiiog, C.).
Peq. sucksawaug, Stiles. For sohkissu or
suhkissu, he spits, squirts water. Adj.
yv. from sohkeu, suhkou, he spits. See

See saushkisashaii.

suhikou.
sinnukkutchahheau.
kau.
siogke, it is hard, difficult; as ady. siogke
nechau, ‘she had hard labor’, Gen. 35,

See sunukkuh-

16, 17. Suppos. ne siogkok, siégok, that
which is hard or difficult, ‘a hard
thing’, 2 K. 2; 10; pl. + ish. Augm.

(suppos. ) sa-siogokish, (very) hard mat-
ters, Ex. 18, 26. Vbl. n. slogkeyeuonk,
a hard matter, a being-hard, ‘hard say-
ing’, John 6, 60. V. adj. an. siogkussu,
he is hard; kus-siogkus, thou art a hard
man, Matt. 25, 24. (so,

150 BUREAU OF

siogke—continued.

Greek 020s; Lat. acerbus, asper; Ang.-
Sax. sorghe; Eng. sour, sore, sorrow).
See sasiogokish.

[Narr. sivickat, hard; siuckisstiog, ‘they
are stout men’, i.e. hard fighters. Cree

sasdgissu (= sa-siogkussu?), he is nig-

gardly. Chip. sanagdd, it is difficult,
hard, disagreeable; suppos. senagak,

Bar.
saaghi. |

siogkod [for siogkoht (sivickat, R. W.),
from siogkohteau, vy. i. inan. subj. ], it is
hard, difficult, Proy. 13, 15; Mark 10,
24,

siogkmwaonk, n. a proverb (?), Ezek.
18, 2, 3; a riddle (?).
-sip, -sup, in compound words signifies
todrink. It represents a primary verb
which is not found separately in Eliot.
Possibly related to saupde (q.v.). Cf.
nontsippam; missippan; kogkeissippam;
ohksippam, C.; tépsippam, ete. To this
corresponds the inseparable -uppa,
-ippw@, ‘to eat’, which is found in a
similar group of compounds.
dattamunat.

{Note.—The entire definition is marked
“Dele | to exude | sohippe’’ | preceded by
“‘or ‘to sup’ bouillon?”’ The following two
incomplete definitions, -sippa[euw] and sissipik-
quoshau, appear ona memorandum slip inserted
in the manuscript.]

[-sippa[eu]. Refer to missippano; mus-
suppeég; suppikg-(?). Cf. Chip. -aubo.]

[Cree ménis-dppwooy
pwooy (?)], berry liquor, Howse 19;
min-dppwooy, berry juice, p.179. Chip.
min-ahboo, ibid. [nippe (2);
juice (?), exude.] Del. wsup-pi, ‘sap of
trees’, Zeish. Voc. 13; si spi gau, it leaks,
drops, ibid. 29.]

Abn. saii/gheré, cela est dur; prefix

See nupwodonk.

See wut-

[méni-sap-

sol’ ippe,

{sissipikquoshau, ‘he winketh with his
eyes’, Proy. 6. 13; noh sasupikquiit, he
that winketh with his eyes, Proy. 10,
10; wus-stihpequdéh tam un, he winked
at it, Acts 17, 30; suppikquaehtam, he
shuts his eyes, Proy. 16, 30; suhpig-
quaeog, they shut their eyes, Matt. 13,
15.]

[Del. scho pin queel, shut your eyes,
Zeish. Voc, 29.]
*sitchipuck (Narr.), the neck, R. W.

See mussittipuk.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

| sObaéheg, sodbaheg.

[BULLETIN 25

skannem(in), pl. skannémunash, seed,
Gen. 1, 11, 12. More commonly used
with the 8d pers. pron. prefix wuskan-
nem, q. V.
[Narr. skannémeneash, seed corn, R.
W.. 91]
*skat (Narr.), ebb tide; mittdeskat, a low
ebb, R. W. 100.
[Abn. 8sikkat, décroit. ]

-skeesuk, the eye, the face. See mu-

skésuk.

*skunk. See *squnck.

sdanaiyeu. See sowaniyeu, of the south,
southern.

See sabahég, pot-
tage, bouillon.

sobososit, suppos. and pass. of sd&bosasu,
he melts (it). See sébasum.

*sdéchepo ( Narr. ), snow, it snows; séchep-
wutch, when it snows, R. W. (muhpowi,
it snows, C.; mawpaw, Wood). See
muhpo.

[Abn. psan, ‘il nége’; kesi‘p8, kesip-
sain, ‘il nége beaucoup’, Rasles.
Micm. peshak, it snows; m& peshansk,
it does not snow. Cree imispoon, it
snows. Chip. ségipo (g hard), it snows,
Bar. Alg. sokipo, il neige. ]

soggohtunkan-ompsk, n. a flinty rock,
flint, Deut. 8, 15; Ps. 114, 8 (siogke,
hard?).

[Abn. sagahan, ‘bate-feu’; sagahaia-
pesk8, la pierre. }

sogkemas [sogkem-oaas, biting creature;
or sogke-masithq, biting fly], n.a‘gnat’,

" Matt. 23, 24.

[Abn. ne-sagameks, elle me pique.
Chip. sagimé, a mosquito, Bar. ]

sogkepo, y.i. he bites; sogkepmau (nus-
sogkepoam, I bite, C.), v.t.an. he bites
(him), Eeel. 10, 8; pl. -maog, -waog,
they bite, Num. 21, 6, pish wus-sogkép-
woh, he shall bite him, Eecl. 10, 8; noh
sogkeputtog (suppos. t. inan.), he who
biteth (it), when he biteth it, Gen.
49,17. From sogkeu, it catches hold,
and -uppa, v. gen. he eats, he holds for
eating or by eating.

[Abn. ne-saghé, je mords; ne-sagamai,
je le mords. ]

sogkodtunk, n. milk (of animals, though
wrongly used by Eliot in his earlier
translations for milk from the female
breast. See *meninnunk), Gen. 18, 8;

See masiihq; ochaus.

TRUMBULL]

sogkodtunk—continued.
Prov. 30, 33; Joel 3, 18 (sogkddunk, C.);
pl. -ngash, teats, dugs, Ezek. 23, 8, 21;
Luke 23, 29. A verbal (suppos.) from
sohkodtinnum, he draws forth, that
which is drawn out.
[Abn. ne-sereghinéhighé, je tire le lait
(v. g. de la vache). ]
sogkunau, v. t. an. he catches hold of
(him), 1 K. 2, 28.
sogkussohhou, n. an earring, Job 42, 11;
Prov. 25, 12; pl. +nash, Ex. 35, 22.
[Abn. ne-sagheséhi, pl. -h8nar, mes
pendants d’ oreille. ]
sogkuttin, v. t. inan. (subj. and obj.),
it catches hold of (it), 2 Sam. 18, 9;
freq. sohsogkuttin; suppos. sohsogkittik,
that which catches hold of, as n. coll.
‘hooks’, Ex. 26, 32; from which is
formed sohsogkittikeu, it hooks, Ex. 26,
37.
soh-, as a prefix, signifies forth from, out
from, movement from the place where
or in which the action of the yerb
begins. It is opposed to pé, pd, signi-
fying approach to, or toward: pe-yau,
he comes to; soh-ham, he goes forth, out
from. (Cf. Sansk. sw, se movere, effun-
dere, and its derivatives; or si, sai. Lat.
se-, sine, separative particle. )
sohham [soh-mm]. y. i. he goes forth,
Matt. 13, 3; Is. 42, 13 (suhham, Mass.
Ps. ); imperat. 2d sing. sohhash, go forth;
suppos. sohhog, if or when he goes forth;
inan. part. sohhamun, gone forth. Vbl.
n. sohhamd@onk, a going forth, departure,
Heb: 11522:
[Narr. sdwwhush, pl. sawheke, go forth;
wussauhemitta (?), let us go forth, R.W.]
sohhoquaeu, y. i. he looks forth, looks
out (as from a door, or window), Judg.
5, 28 (sonkaquaeu, Gen. 26, 8). See
nuhquainat; uhqude.
sohhmwunau, v. t. an. he puts, brings,
or thrusts (him) out; infin. -wundnat,
to bring (them) out, Is. 42,7; Ex. 3, 8.
With inan. subj. sohhmwuttau, he brings
or puts (it) out. Cf. sohwunum.
[Narr. kus-sawhéki, do you put me
out of doors?; nis-sawhécunckewd (?), he
puts me out of doors. ]
sohkau, sonqhuau, y. i. he overcomes,
prevails, has the mastery: nus-sonqueh,
1 have prevailed, Gen. 30, 8; kum-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 151

sohkau, sonqhuau—continued.
micheme sohkau, thou prevailest forever,
Job 14, 20; suppos. moh sohkog, he who
overcomes, has the mastery, Rey. 3, 21.
With an. obj. sohkauau, songhuauau,
he prevails over, has the mastery of
(him); suppos. noh sohkauont, he who-
overcomes, 1 John 5, 5; Luke 11, 22;
pl. nag sohkauoncheg, Rey. 15, 2.

[Cree sdkoo-hayoo, he overcomes, sub-
dues him; sdkoo-tow, he overcomes it,
Howse 165. Chip. nin gé shdhgooje-6g,
I haye overcome them, Jones in ibid. ]

sohkenum, sok-, smk-, y. t. he pours
forth, pours out; —— nippe, he pours
out water, Num. 24, 7 (smkunum, Mass.
Ps.) ; imperat. 2d sing. and pl. sohkin-
ush, -mk, pour out; suppos. noh sohke-
nuk, he who pours, 2 K. 3, 11. From
sohkeu, it pours, with the formative
*num, denoting action of the hand.
See sokanon; *sékenug, ete.
[Abn. ne-sSgnemen, je verse, manu. ]
sohkenumau, y. t. an. and inan. he
pours (it) out to (him), Job 16, 20.
{sohkeii, y.i.it pours forth,emits. This
primary verb is not perhaps used by
Eliot; but he has its pass. (inan. subj. )]
sokem@, it is poured out, 1 K. 13, 5.
From its base, sohk, sook, are formed
t. inan. sohkinnum, he pours (by hand);
sokanon, water pours, it rains; suhkou,
suhquontam, he spits, urinates (expels
water), ete. Cf. sonkin, it springs up
(as a plant), it grows. (Cf. Sansk. su,
effundere; sié, emittere, inspergere, hu-
mectare, irrigare, perfundere; shikdra,
pluvia tenuis; Old Germ. seihjan, min-
gere; seich, urina. )

[Abn. s8gheraiin, il pleut. ]

sohkom, y. t. inan. he overcomes, prevails
over (it); —— olan, he took the city,
Judg. 9, 45; muttaok, he overcomes
the 1 John, 5, 4; imperat.
sohkash machuk, overcome evil, Rom.
12) 21,

sohkomaii, y. t. an.
provides food for.

sohk6su, y. i. (an. act.) he gains the
mastery, prevails, conquers, Rey. 6, 2;
is victorious, is prevailing; suppos. noh
sohkausit, he who is victorious, Rey. 3,5.
VbI. n. sohkésuonk, -kausuonk, mastery,
victory.

See sokanon.

world,

See sohkau.
he feeds (him),
See assamaii.

152 BUREAU
sohkunkquodt, as n. height; ady. in
height (measure ofaltitude orelevation ) ;
ne sohkunk, ne sohkunkquok, its height,
Rey. 21,16; Ex. 25, 23 [i. e. suppos. that
to which it has grown, gone up to?].
From sonkin (?). A great number of
forms, of several roots, are employed by
Eliot to express ‘height’, ‘in height’,
and ‘high’. Besides those noted are
ne sohkonkog, the height of it, 1 K. 6, 2;
ne ashpohtag, Ex. 37,1, ne ashpihtag, v.
10, and ne ohshpohtag, v. 25; ne kédtunk-

sn 9°.

quog (of a small object), Ex. 30, 2; ne

anohque spohtag, —— spanogkog,
spongok, its height from bot-
tom to top, Gen. 6, 15; Ex. 25, 10; 27, 1.
[Abn. spigaiins, la cabane est haute;
ni éspigaiinik, yoili de combien (elle est
haute ). ]
sohmagunum. he
stretches forth, holds out (his hand or
something with his hand).

See summagunum,

sohq. See swkq, saliva, spittle.

sohqshanau, vy. t. an. he tears (him) in |

pieces (as a wild beast his prey), rends
(him): ishkont sohkwushénau, lest he
tear (me), Ps. 2; with inan. obj.
sohqshadtau, he teareth (it); sokshadtoh,
Deut. 33, 20; suppos. sohgshadtunk,
when he tears, ‘rends it in pieces’, Ps.

i,

7, 2; pass. inan. -adtau-un, it is (vio-

lently) broken or torn in pieces, Is. 30,

14.
sohquennum.
sohquettahham. See solquttahham.
sohquhkauau, smquhk-, y. t. he con-

See sohquanum.

tinues tearing or rending (him); with |

the characteristic -uhk of continuing
action.

sohqui, (it is) in small pieces, fine, in
dust or powder; ady. sohque puppissi,
‘small dust’, Is. 29, 5; suppos. ne soh-
quag, that which is in small pieces, in
dust or powder, Deut. 28, 24. Adj.
inan. sukquiyeue, in powder, 2 Sam. 22
43.

sohqunnum, sohquen-, y. t. he breaks
(it) in pieces, he pulls (it) to pieces,
Mark 6, 41; Is. 5, 5; Jer. 1,10. From

See pasquag.

sohqui, with trans. formative -nnum, |

denoting action performed by the hand.
*sohquompooo (?), a coward; -ompmonk,
cowardice, C.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|
|
|
|

[BULLETIN 25

sohqussum, y. t. he cuts (it) small,
makes it small by cutting: sohgsum-un,
he cuts it in pieces, 2 K. 24, 13; nus-
sohqus, I cut (her) in pieces, Judg. 20,
6. From sohqui, with formative -sum,
denoting cutting, etc. (see Howse, Cree
Gr. 87).

sohquttahham, sohquet-, v. t. he
breaks (it) in small pieces, pounds (it)
or beats (it) small. The formative tah-
hum, according to Howse (Cree Gr. 86),
“implies he beats or batters the object,
after the manner of the root.’”’ Inan.
pl. sohquttahhamunash, they (grains of
corn, Is. 28, 28) are broken; otherwise

Adj. and ady. sohquttah-

hae, pounded; pl. sohguttahhash, whence

Ct. poh-

swhgq-, sukq-.

the adopted name succotash.
qurnnum.

[Cree séekwa-tahiim, he beats it into
smaller pieces. |

sohqutteahhau, y. i. he is faint-hearted,
cowardly (sohkutteahhaue, adj. faint-
hearted, C.); pl. -hdog, they are faint-
hearted, Jer. 49, 23; suppos. -hont, when
he is faint-hearted, Deut. 20, 8. Cf.
sequitahwhau, he remains.

[Abn. sksitéhé, il a peur (y. g. des
tourments), il craint le chatiment, ete. ;
y. i. séghesi, il a peur; an. séghess, il
craint. Cree segissu, he shrinks, he is
atraid; segehayoo, he frighteneth him;
sdkoo-tay-dyoo, he is faint-hearted, cow-
ardly. (By this division of the word
Howse marks a derivation from ‘tay
(m’tah, El.), ‘heart’ (?).)]

sohsimoma, vy. inan. it shines
(forth), emits light, is bright (ef. woh-
sumomunneat, to shine): wequai sohsu-
moma pohkenahtu, the light shineth in
darkness, John 1, 5. Adj. and ady.
sohsumwae, shining (forth) ;
a shining light, John 5, 35; ketassat,
‘king of glory’, Ps. 24, 9. Vbl. n. soli-
simmoonk, a shining-forth (used by
Eliot for ‘glory’ ):
sohsiiméonk, his-torest glory, ‘the glory
of his forest’, Is. 10,18. (In preparing
a list of words selected from Eliot s
Bible Mr Duponceau, misled perhaps
by the order of words in this verse (Is.
10, 18), inserted sohsitiméonk for ‘forest’,
and on his authority it appears with
that meaning among the ‘Select Words

pass

mequai,

wut-touohkomukque

TRUMBULL]

sohsummmo—continued.
from Eliot’s Translation’, incorporated
into the index of Mr Pickering’s edi-
tion of Eliot’s Grammar. )
sohsumwae.
shining.
sohteaii [soh-oliteaii], v. i. it extends,
is extended, is long (relatively or by
measure). Found only perhaps in the
suppos. ne sulteag, the extending of it,
its length: ne sahteag kah ne koskag kah
ne sohkunk, ‘the length and breadth and
height of it’, Rey. 21, 16; aétaew nesah-
teag, ‘on the two ends’ (i. e. on both
sides of the length of it), Ex. 25, 19.
Vbl. n. sohteaonk, length, measure of
length, Eph. 3, 18.
sohwunun, \y. t.
hand or something with or in his
hand), Gen. 38, 28. Cf. suwmmdgunum.
sohwushau, y. i. it goeth forth, goes on
(of a boundary line, Josh. 19, 11, 13).
sohwutchuan, vy. i. it flows forth, tlows
out from: nippe sohwitchuan, water is-
sued out, ran out, Ezek. 47, 1, 2.
soh and wutche-u, it proceeds from.

See wéohsumoée, adj. bright,

From

Ct.
pamitechuan.

sokanon [it pours], it rains; as n. rain,
Matt. 7, 25 (sookunnon, Mass. Ps., Ps
105, 32; smkenonni, it rains; sin sokénon,

does it rain?; onndhquat, raining, C.);
suppos. sokanonk, sokenunk, when it
rains, Deut. 32, 2: nashpe pahkontaut
mahche sokanonk, ‘by clear-shining
after rain’, 2 Sam. 23, 4.
notau, it rained fire, Luke 17, 29, with
sokanum notau, he rained (poured out)
fire, Gen. 19, 24. Caus. sokanénteau,
he causes it to rain, Ex. 9, 23. From
sohk, sohketi, it pours, with a formative
denoting rain or water falling, as dis-
tinguished from -pog, water at rest.
This formative or generic is -’non, -nnon,
or -nnon (Abn. -’raiin; Del. ~lan). It
is found, besides in sokanon, in mogkin-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

he puts forth (his |

Ct. sokanon |

non (inogke-non), it rains excessively; |

mishinnon, it rains much; nishkenon, it
mistsordrizzles; ahqunnon (ahque-non),

the rain ceases, it holds up; and in its |

suppos. form in onnohquat, ‘raining’,
(when it rains), C., =dnaquat, ‘rain’,
R.W. See sohkenum. (Cf. Sansk. unnd,
madidus (und, madidum esse); ran, ire.
Goth. rann, currere, fluere. )

153

sokanon—continued.

(Narr. sdkenun, dnaquat, rain; sdke-
nitch, when it rains; mishiimnan, a great
rain, R. W. 81, 82. Abn. sSgheraiin, il
pleut (probably from sol-kenum, to
pour forth; but cf. Sansk. ¢/kdra, pluvia
tenuis, from sié and Sik, irrigare, hu-
mectare; séut, effundere; séyut, stillare,
fluere); kisraiin il a pla; eksraiin (ah-
Cree kimme-
wun, it rains (cf. Old Alg. kimiouan,
Lah. ); séke-stum, he spills it; séeke-pu-

qunnon, El.), il cesse.

thu, it spills; séekoo-num, he empties it;
séekee-num, he pours it. Del. sdkelan, it
rains; k’schilan, it rains hard, Zeisb.
Chip. kimiwan, yimiwan, it rains (sigi-
nan, he pours it out, spills it, Bar.).]
sokemom. See sohkeii.
sokenippash, imperat. 2d sing., for sok-
inush nippe, pour out water, Ezek. 24,3.
*sékenug (Narr.), ‘a heap’ (of corn);
suppos. inan. of sohkenum, that which
is poured.
sokenum.
sokhippag, imperat. 2d pl. ‘draw out’
water, John 2,8. See wuttuhppa(enat].
sonkashkod [sonk(in)-(in’ )ashkeht], n.
the coming up of grass: nahohtéeu son-

See sohkenum.

kashkod, ‘the second growth’, Amos
Thy Mee
sonkehteau, y. i. it puts forth, springs
out (as buds or shoots from plants);
infin. -auundt, Job 38, 27.
(Cree. sak-etin, it is (come) forth. ]
sonkin, -un, y. unipers. it springs up,
shoots up (from the earth, as a plant),
Ps. 85, 11; Is. 55, 13; pl. nish sonkinash,
they spring up, Matt. 13, 5; suppos.
sonkuk, when it springs up, springing
up, Heb. 12, 15; Mark 4, 27.

[Abn. saiikekirar (le blé) pousse,
parait. Del. saken, pl. sakenoll, Zeisb.
Gr. 162.

sonkippog, -uppog, n. cool water,
Prov. 25, 25; Matt. 10, 42; pl. +ash,
‘the cold waters’, Jer. 18, 14. From
sonkqui, cool, and -pog, water.

(Narr. saunqui nip, is the water cool?;
saun kopatigot, cool water, R. W. 34.]
sonksq, sonkusq, sunkisq, n. queen,
mistress, a woman who rules, 2 Chr. 9,
1; Esth. 1, 9, 11, 15; Nah. 3,4: kehchis-
sunkisq, = kehchi-sunkisq, chief mistress,
great queen, Esth.1,12. [songhuau, or

154 BUREAU
sonksq, etc.—continued.
sohkau, and squa; ef. *sdchim.] Often
written sunk-squaw and sunck squa.
[Narr. saunks, the queen or sachem’s
wife; pl.
saunck squauh, Stiles. ]
sonkun. See sonkin.

sonqhuau. See sohkau.

sonqui, (it is) cold, cool, Matt. 24, 12;
y. adj. an. sonquesu, he is cold (sonkqui,
-queu, cold; ohke sonkqui, the earth is
cold; nus-sonkqus, I am cold; annum

In the
last example sonkquesu is not appro-
priately used; sonqgui denotes, not the
sensation, but a quality of the object
which imparts sensation; being cold,
not feeling cold). Cf. tohkaeu; tohkoi.

[Narr. saunqui nip, is the
cool? R. W. 34.]

sontim, n. master, Matt. 26, 18, 25; a
prince, Cant. 7, 1:
sot, ‘my lord the king’, 2 Sam. 13, 33;

Vbl. n. sontimmonk, sover-

See *sdchim; sohkau.

sonkquesu, the dog is cold, C.

nus-sontimom. ketas-

pl. -méog.
eignty, C.

sowaniyeu, sdanaiyeu, sowaniu, it is
southward, to or at the south (or, more
exactly, the southwest), Gen. 12,9; 13,
1, 14; Job 9,9. Adj. and adv. sowane,
southern, of the south, Matt. 12,42; pl.
sowanish, soanish, things of the south,
Ps. 89, 12; Is. 43, 6: sowanohke [sowane-
ohke}, the south country, Gen. 24, 62;
sowanohkomuk [sowane-ohke-komuk],
‘south land’, Josh. 15, 19 (i.e. inclosed
land, field).

(Narr. sowaniu, the southwest (see
note to sowansh-in). Del. schawaneii,
southerly, Zeisb. Gr. 164.]

sowansb-in, the wind blows from the
south ; (suppos. ‘when it
blows’), as n. the south wind, Job
Gisele Oantatoelos ;

(Narr. towwittin, the south wind;
sowwdanishen, the southwest wind blows.
‘This is the pleasingest, warmest wind
in the climate, most desired by the In-
dians, making fair weather ordinarily;
and therefore they have a tradition
that to the southwest, which they call
sowwainit, the gods chiefly dwell; and
hither the souls of all their great and
good men and women go.’’—R. W. 83.

sowansh

water |

OF AMERICAN

sauncksquiiaog, R. W. 120; |

ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| sowansh-in—continued.

Quir. perdu kon satiandiéuk, ‘in another
country to the southward’, Pier. 28. ]
*sowwanand [sowane-(m’)dnit], ‘the
southern god’, R. W.110. See note on
sowansh-in above.

s@hq, sohq, n. saliva, spittle, 1 Sam. 21,
13; Job 7, 19. See suhkou.

sohqkuhkomn, vy. t. inan. it bursts (it)
in pieces (as wine a bottle), Mark 2, 22;
Luke 5, 37.

smkenum. See sohkenum.

smkussun-it (?), v. (when he began to)
amend, recover from sickness, John 4,
52, =smksehp, Mass. Ps.

smquhkauau. See sohquhkauau.

| sowampagunehég, n. a sling, 1 Sam.

17, 40; pl. +-ash, 2 Chr. 26, 14.
spadtauwompaéu (for usp-), he looks
upward, Is. 38, 14 (infin. -pinneat);
imperat. spadtawompsh, ‘lift up thine
eyes’ (look up), Is. 49, 18.
puhquainat.
spuhhom. See uspuhho.
spuhhowde. See uspihhowée.
spuhhowdonk, vbl.n. See usphmwdonk,
a refuge.
spuhqudeu.
upward.
spukquodt, as n. the taste or flavor of a
thing, Ex. 16, 31: ne dshpukquok, the
taste of it (when tasted), Num. 11, 8;
Job 6, 6.

[Narr. teaqua aspiickquat, what does
it taste of? Abn. Sri-pSg8at, cela a bon
gout; matsi-pSgSat, cela a mauyais gout.
Cree métho-sprickoosu, he is well-tasted;
miitche-spickwun, it is ill-tasted. Del.
machtschipoquot, it tastes ugly, Zeisb. ]

spunauonat.

squa, female; as n. one of womankind,
a female; pl. sguaog, women, 1 Tim. 5,
14 (where the prefix nunk was probably
omitted by error of the press); but
rarely used by Eliot except in com-
pound words. Vb. subst. squaiyeum,
she is female, Gen. 6, 19. In comp.
nunksqua, agirl; sonksq(ua),aqueen, etc.
(eshqua, C.). With the termination
denoting a living creature (-ds for édas);
squdas, squdus, a woman (femina);
as adj. female, Num. 5, 3; Deut. 4, 16;
Matt. 19,4. Cf. mittamwus(sis), mulier,
uxor. See nompaas, a male,

See ush-

See ushpuhquainat, to look

See uspunauénat.

TRUMBULL]

squa—continued.
[ Narr. pl. woman,
women; dimin. squdsese, a little girl
(squauhses, Stiles). Cree iskwayoo. Del.

squaws, -suck,

ochqueii, woman; och quetschitsch, girl,
Zeisb. |

*Squantam. ‘They acknowledge a God
who they call Squantam, but worship
him they do not.’’—Josselyn’s Voy.
“The good god they call Tantwm, and
their evil god, whom they fear will do
them hurt, they call Squantum.’’—Hig-
ginson’s N. E. Plantation. The name
is clearly the contracted form of mus-
quantam, he is angry.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|

“Tf it be but an |

ordinary accident, a fall, ete., they will |

say . . . musquantum manit, God is
angry.’’—R. W. 109.

squashim, squdshim, a female quadru-
ped, Deut. 7, 14; adj. squdshimwe, Ley.
4, 28, 32; 5, 6. Cf. nomposhim, male
quadruped.

[Narr. squdshim, R. W. Del.
quéchum, Zeish. In the Abnaki, Rasles
says “the small animals (including
the otter, the marten, ete.) were dis-
tinguished by naiibékik8, male, and
sk8ékikS, female; the moose and both
species of deer by aiaiibe, male; hérar,

och- |

female, and the lynx, ‘lion’ [panther], |

hare, and some others by naiibéssem,
male, and sk8éssem [=squdshim, El.],
female.’ ]
squehtahwhau.
left, remains of.

See sequitahwhau, he is

squi. See misqui, red, bloody.

*squnck (mod. skunk), Josselyn’s Voy.
82, 85.

[Abn. ségaiik8, béte puante. Chip.

(St Marys) shi kaug, (Gr. Trav.) shegog.
Peq. ausounch, Stiles. ]

squontam, squont, squoant, n. a door,
a gate, John 10, 9; 1 Cor. 16, 9; Gen.
21,17 (usquont, a door, C.); pl. -amash,
Acts 16, 26 (ushquontamash, Job 38, 10).
Adj. and ady. -amme, the door of, or by
the door: wutch squontame kek-it, from
or out of the door of thy house, Josh.
2,19. Probably from the root of sequn-
nau, to be left (see sequnau). Cf. Chip.
ishkwandem, ‘door’, with ishkwanddn,
‘he leaves it’—the opening left in
(building) the house.

155

squontam, etc.—continued.
(Narr. sqguauntdumuck, at the door,

R. W. 51. Chip. ishkwandem, Bar.;
(Sag. ) squon dem, (St Marys) ish kwén
daim, Sch.]

squoshim.

*squtta (Narr.), fire, R. W. 47 (squitta,
a fire spark, Wood). Cf. nashqutteau;
notau. (Sansk. actio urendi,
ardor; ush, urere. )
~ [Abn. skStai, -tar, feu; sk&taSio, il y
ena. Cree esk/ootdyoo, (there is) fire.
Muh. stauw (?), Edw. ]

*stoh, eshtoh (Muh.), no, not, Edwards;
eschta, Gallatin Voc.

*succotash. See sohquttahham and cf.
*msickquatash, corn boiled whole.

See squashim.

osha,

*suckauanatsuck (Narr.), n. pl. the
black shells. From siickiand andwsuck
(R. W.), shells, i. e. shell-fish.

*suckathock (Narr.), ‘black money’,
“They break out of the shell [of the
poquathock] about half an inch of a
black part of it, of which they make
their suckaithock or blackmoney, which
is to them precious.’’—R. W. 104, 130.
From siicki, black, dark-colored, and
hogki, shell [ef. mowhackees, Wood,
from moi, black, and hogki-ash (pl. )].

*sucki (Narr.), black, dark colored, pur-
ple. V. adj. an. suckésu, he is black, a
black man. ‘‘They call a blackamoor
suckduttakone, . . . for sucki is black, and
watitacone, one that wears clothes.’’—
R. W. 60.

[Del. suckeii, v.
Zeisb. ]

suhkou, v. i. he spits, Mark 7, 35 (suh-
quinneat, ‘spitting’, C.; but it is in the
form of the so-called infinitive, to spit:
nuteeskouous, I spit; nis-suke, I am mis-
chievous, spiteful (?), C.). The pri-
mary meaning appears to be to eject,
discharge liquid; hence noh sdgket, noh
sdgketog, qui mingit. See swmhq, saliva.
V. adj. an. suhkesu, he is a spitter, he
ejects water (sikkissu, -og, C.; sickissu,
-og, R. W., long clams, ‘spitters’ ).

[Abn. séssek8, crachat;
crache; ne sesek8, salive; ne-seghi, mingo.
Del. n’sis suk, spit, Zeisb.]

sukoshkodtaeu (?), adv. stooping,
crouching, Gen. 49, 9.

adj. (it is) black,

sésseg8, il

156 BUREAU

sukquiyeue, adj. and ady. in fine pow-
der, in small pieces. See sohqui.

sukqusha-og, y.i. they are broken, Dan.
11, 22.

sukquttahham, y.t. he beats (it) small.
See sohquttahham.

*simhup (Narr.), n. pl. + patiog, bea-
vers, R. W. 95. Cf. *amisque; *néosup;
tummniink. néosup and simhup probably
correspond with Abn. n&sé-mesk8, the
female, and atsi-mesk8, the male beaver.

summdgunum, sohm-, samogkin-, vy.
t. he stretches forth, holds out (his
hand or something in or with his
hand), Is. 5, 25; Gen. 22,10; Ex. 15, 12
(nus-summogkinnitchaem, I stretch out
my hands, C.).
when he held out (his hand, Josh. 8,
19). Pass. menutcheg ne
the hand which is held out, Is. 14, 26.
With inan. subj. (v. i.) summagohteau,
(his hand) is held out, Is. 14, 27.
With inan. obj. and an. ending, sum-

Suppos. summaginuk,

samogkinuk,

magunumauau, he holds out (his hand)
to or against (him), Is. 5, 25. From
soh- and mago (he gives, presents),
with formative (num) denoting action
of the hand.

sun is called by Eliot (Gr. 21) an ‘adverb |

of asking’, signifying ‘is it?’: sunna-
matta, ‘is it not?’; sun wunnegen wun-
nesen, is it well to do good? ete., Mark
3, 4; sun nen god, ete., am I a god? 2

k. 5, 7; sunnamatta yeu . , is not

this . . . ? Job 4, 6.
[Cree nah. Chip. na. ]
sunkisq. See sonksq.

sunk-squaw. See sonksq.

*sunnadin, nanimmatin (Narr.), the
north wind, R. W. From sowane-adt
(sowan-it), to or toward the south (?).

*sunnuckhig (Narr.), a falling trap for
wolves, loaded ‘with a great weight of
stones’, R. W. 143; a crushing instru-
ment. Erom the same root with the
following words.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

1

[BULLETIN 25

*sunnuckhig—continued.

[Del. sill ki te he men, to squeeze close,
to press, Zeisb. (cf. achsiin-hittehican, a
steel trap (?), Zeisb.).]

sunukehteau, sunugqueht-, sanuk-,
y. caus. he crushes (by a weight), he
causes to be crushed. Suppos. pass.
(inan. ) ne-sanukehtamuk, that which is
crushed, Is. 59, 5. With an. obj.
-tahheau, -tahwhau, he crushes (him),
makes a weight to fall upon (him); swn-
nugquetahwhunnean, fall (ye mountains)
on us, Luke 23, 30. The primary verb
(sunukkeu (?), it falls heavily, it op-
presses or presses down) is not found
in Eliot.

[Abn. ne-sekkikkamen, je le foule; ne-
sekekenemen, je le serre, manu; ne-seg8s-
kika&an, je V écrase. |

sunukkuhkau, sanuk-, y. t. he crushes
(him) (by a falling weight [hassun,
stone] is implied, or by force from
above): nus-sunukkuhkuk, he crushes
me, Jer. 51, 34.

-sup. See -sip.

*suppawn. See saupde.

suppequash, n. pl. tears. See mus-
supped.

susséqunnum, y. ft. he anoints (it),
Lev. 8, 10; t. an. susségunnau, he anoints
(him): nus-susséqun, 1 anoint (him),
Ps. 89, 20. Vhbl. n. sussequéonk, anoint-
ing, ointment, Prov. 27, 9, 16; Ex. 40,
15. Pass. -qunittuonk, being anointed,
1 John2,27. Cf. sohkenwim, hepoursout.

[Cree sdoskoosu, he is smooth; sdos-

kwow, it is smooth. ]

sussippoeu, -poi, itis on one side of, on
the border of: sussippoeu Lebanon, on
the side of Lebanon (Lebanon on-the-
side), Is. 37, 4; negut sussippoi, . . . og-
komaeu, on the one side,.. . on the
other, Ezek. 41,2; sussippoe squont, ‘the
sides of the door’, ibid.

sussipponkomuk, n. the wall of the
house, Ezek. 41, 6; 2 Chr. 3, 11; sus-
supponkomuk, Ley. 14, 37.

TRUMBULL]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

157

an

*t. See adt.

tabach, ‘let it suffice’, Ex. 44, 6; imperat.
3d sing. of tdpi, q. v.

tabepo.

tabhum.

tabuttantam, vy. i. he is thankful, gives
thanks, Dan. 6, 10; Luke 22, 17; with
an. obj. -tumau, he thanks (him) ( kut-ta-
botomish, I thank you, C.)
we, -tamwe, thankfully (tabatténtamoe,
C) ible: -taméonk, thanksgiving.

[Narr. tatibot neanawdyean, 1 thank

you (?), R. W. 30.]

*tackqiuwock, n. pl. twins, R. W. 45

See wame.
See tapepu.
See taphum.

(togquos, ogquos, a twin; pl. +-uog, |
C.); togquonsumog, they are twins (?), |

Gen. 25, 24; cf. tagwohsu, Gen. 38, 27.
[Abn. tagiSisi, tous deux, ‘ensemble-
ment’; tagSéssSak, ils sont jumeaux.
Del. tacquiwi, together, Zeisb. ]
tadtamswau wuhkassoh, he pares his
nails, Deut. 21, 12. See tummussum.
*tah, in dialect of the Vineyard, at or
on, =adt, at (Eliot).
-tah. See mitah, the heart.
tahnoche, ady. in vain, causelessly, Ex.

20, 7; Lev. 26, 16; Prov. 26, 2; ‘vanity’, |
i. e. of no account, Is. 40, 17 (tohnache, |

vainly, C.).
[Chip. anisha, vainly, without effect,

for nothing, Bar. ]

tahshé. See fohsii.

tahshin, y. i. he lifts himself, raises him-
self: nut-tahshin, I lift up myself, Is. 33,
10; imperat. 2d sing. tahshin kuhhog,
lift up thyself, Ps. 94, 2. Pass. kuttah
tahshémo, thy heart is lifted up, Ezek.
28, 2.

tahshinum, tohsh-, y. t. inan. obj. he
raises (it), lifts (it) up, Gen. 40, 20
(tashun-, Mass. Ps. ); imperat. tohshinush
kenutcheg, lift up thy hand, Ps. 10, 12"

Ady. -tum- |

suppos. noh tahshinuk, he who lifts it |

up, when he lifts it, Is. 18, 3. (Pri-
marily, he lifts with the hand, tahshe-

num.) With an. obj. tahshinau, toh- |

shinau, he lifts (him) up; pret. téhshin-
ohp [-wp] askak-oh, he lifted up the

serpent, John 3, 14; suppos. part. tah- |

shinont, when lifting (him); pass. -ini-
muk, when he is lifted, John 12, 32.

tannegen,

tahsmtam [y.i.(?)], as n. a king; pl.
39, ll. Vbl. n. tahsota-
moonk, a kingdom; pl. -ongash, Zeph.
8; Matt. 4, 8. Adv. tahsmtamée,
-tamwe, of a king, Hag. Ezek.
26, 16. See ketassat (keh tasseptam ?) ;
*sdchim.

(Mareinal Nore.— Lifted up?—cef. son-
tim.””]

-mwog, Gen.

2
3,
2 99.

4, 245

tahtippadtau, y. t. he quenches or cools
(it) (?);
Luke 16, 24. Cf. uhtappattautinat.

tannadtuppo, v. i. he feeds (as sheep
or cattle), grazes, Gen. 41, 18; Ezek.
34, 14. Vbl. n. -pmwonk, pasturage,
pasture, Ezek. 34, 14; 45, 15.

tannag, n. a crane, Jer. 8, 7
sadt). From tanni, harsh, hoarse, a
tearing sound. See tannogki.

[Narr. tatinek, pl. + katiog, R. W. 87.
Abn. pl. -aik (cf. taraghi,
déchire, imperat.). Del. tal le ka,
Zeish. 8. B. 29.]

*tanne ontowaonk, ‘a hoarse voice’, C.
See tannogki.

tannekin, adtannegen,
dtannegen, y. i. it brings forth, pro-
duces, yields (as the earth plants, a
tree fruit), John 12, 24; Matt. 7, 17;
13, 26; suppos. tannegik, -kik, dtanneg-
kuk, Gen. 1, 29; Luke 13, 9; ne tan-
negik, that which grows, is produced,
fruit. With an. obj. tannétu, he grows;
pl. dtannetuog, Ps. 92, 13.

tannogki, vy. i. it is torn; adj. torn: tan-
nogki petasquishaonk, a torn coat, C.
From tanni, it tears, makes a tearing
sound. With tanni, (Abn.
taraghi), it ‘tears’, tannag, ‘a crane’,
cf. Sansk. dar (a7), ‘lacerare, dilace-
rare, findere’; Gr. d6€0@; Russ. dra-tj,
scindere; Goth. gu-tar; Ang.-Sax. ter-an,
tir-an; Sw. tdéra; Dan. tére, to tear; and
Greek ypv (asound,agrunt), yp very,
vpvadn, véparvos, a crane; Lat. grus,
gruere (Engl. ‘the crane crunketh’) ;
grunnire, to grunt; Ang.-Sax. craen;
Dutch and Germ. kraan; Sw. trana;
Dan. trane, a crane.

[Narr. tanécki, tanécksha, it is torn or
rent, R. W. 134. Abn. taraghi'rré, cela
est déchiré (ou crevé); imperat. taraghi,

nenan, he cools my tongue,

(see sas-

tarégan,

tannogki

158

tannogki—continued.

déchire; tarok&és8, (le loup) hurle.

Del. ta lackat, cracked, split, Zeisb. ]
tannogkinnum, y. t. he tears (it), as

cloth or a garment, 1 Sam. 15, 28.
with the formative
-num, denoting action performed by the
hand.

[Narr. kwm-mache-tannakinnam-ous,
I haye torn it off for you. Abn. ne-
dararaghinahad8n, I tear (my dress);

From tannogki,

ne-taraghenemen, je le créve de la |

main. ]

tannogsheav, vy. i. it tears, is torn with
violence or by force, 1 Sam. 15, 27.
From tannogki, with sh, characteristic of
forcible or violent action.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

tanohketeaonk, adtan-, vbl. n. a gar- |

den, Gen. 2, 8, 10; Cant. 4,12. From
(ad)tanohketeau, he plants, cultivates.
Suppos. inan. adtanohketeamuk, when
planted, cultivated; used for ‘garden’,
Gen. 2, 9

“4, U

tanohtéadtu, y. i. he casts lots, deter- |

mines by lot, gives or takes by lot; pl.

tog, Ps. 22,18. Vbl. n. -twonk, deter-

mination by lot, Num. 26, 55; Prov. 18,

18. See adtéaii, he buys.

*Tantum. ‘‘The Penobscots call their
god Tantuin.’’—Capt. J. Smith. ‘‘The
good god they call Tantum, and their
evil god, whom they fear will do them
hurt, they call Squantum.’’—Higgin-
son’s N. E. Plantation. Probably con-
tracted from keihtdnnittiém, ‘my great
god’. See Keihtannit; manit; Squantum.

tanuppogguhham@onk, ybl. noun, a
threshing floor, Jer. 51, 33. From ad-
tau(un) and poggohham, a place appro-
priated for or to threshing; =ahhut-
tannuppoghamuk, 2 Sam. 24, 21.

tapantam, y.i. he is satisfied, contented, |
lit. enough-minded, Deut. 33, 23; im- |

perat. 2d pl. -mak, be ye content with,
Luke 3, 14.
[Del. tipelendam, Zeisb. ]

tapeneam, vy. t. he accepts (it), receives |

(it) with satisfaction, Eccl. 9,7; imperat.
2d sing. tapeneash, Deut. 33, 11; 3d sing.
tapeneaj, let him accept it, 1 Sam. 26, 19.
With an. obj. tapeneauau, he accepts
(him), is satisfied with (him); suppos.
part. tapeneariont, Esth. 6, 6.

Vbi. n. |

taphéau, y.

[BULLETIN 25

| tapeneam—continued.

(pass. ) tapeneaummonk, acceptance, be-
ing accepted,
[Del. tepihilleu, it is enough, Zeisb.]
tapenum, y. i. he is able, is sufficient,
Dan. 3, 17; 2 Cor. 9, 8; suppos. noh ta-
penuk, he who is able; pl. neg tapenukeg,
they who are able, ‘such as had ability’,
Dan. 1,4; Ex. 18,21. From tdpi, with
the characteristic -num of action per-
formed by the hand: he is enough-
handed.
tapepu, tabepm, tapupwao, y. i. he is
satisfied with food, enough-eats [tdpi-
uppo], Nah. 2, 12:
shall be satisfied, Ps.
[Chip. nin-débissin, I ate enough,
Bar. |

pish tabepamog, they
22, 26.

caus. an. he makes (him)
satisfied, satisfies, contents (him); pass.
he is satisfied, made content, Proy. 14,
14; suppos. part. tapheunt, when satis-
fying, Proy. 6, 30. With inan. —+-an.
obj. (traditive) tapehteau, he satisfies
(him) with (it), makes (it) satisfy
(him); nad-tapehteau, I satisfy (them)
with, Ps. 132, 15; Jer. 31, 14.

taphum, tabhum, y. t. he buys, i. e.
makes satisfaction for (it), Gen, 47, 20;
1K. 16,24. With an. obj. taphou (2):
nut-tapoh, 1 bought (them), Luke 14,
SS

tapi, taupi, v. impers. there is enough,
it suffices, Proy. 30, 15, 15; with pron.
pretix nut-tapet, there is enough for me,
Gen. 33, 9; imperat. 3d sing. fabach,
‘let it suffice’, Ezek. 40,6. (Cf. Sansk.

tarp, satiare; Greek répm@.) See
wane,
[Narr. tavibi, it isenough. Abn. tébat,

c’est assez. Miem. tebia, assez, Maill.
Del. tepi, Zeisb. ]
tapupw@. “ee tapepu.

*taquattin (Narr. ), it freezes: séip taqudt-
lin, the river is frozen; auke taqudtsha,
the ground is frozen, R. W. (togqudttin,
it congeals, stiffens, Ex.15, 8). From
tohkoi (tahki, R.W.), it is cold. (Cf.
Sansk. tvaé, tegere; Lit. dengii. )

[Abn. tag8aden, cela est gelé, figé;
tagSatss, il est gelé. Cree tak’ éw, it is
cold; awk/wuttin, it is frozen. Del. tax
quat ten, frozen; ta tay can, thick, stiff,
Zeisb. S. B. 29, 30.]

TRUMBULL]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

159

*taquonck (Narr.), n. ‘ fall of leaf and | tattagkomaii—continued.

autumn’, R.W. Vbl. from tohkoi (tahki,

R.W.), freezing, when frost comes.
[Abn. tag&tiiigs. Cree ttickwakin, it is

autumn. Powh. taquitock, ‘the harvest

and fall of leaf’, Smith’s Virginia. Del.
tachquoacu, Zeisb. }
tashkuhkom, task-, y. t. he treads

upon (it); freq. tattashkuhkom, Hos.

10, 11 (infin.); suppos. tattashkukog, |

when he treadeth out (the corn, Deut. |

25,4; 1 Cor. 9,9). With an. obj. tash-
kuhkauau; freq. tattashkuhkauau,
treads upon (him), 2 K. 14, 9; 2 Chr.
25, 28; (infin.) Luke 10, 19.

[Abn. ne-dakeskdimen, je le foule aux
pieds. Cree tdkooskum, he treads on
it, -skum “implying with certain roots
the use of the leg or foot’’, Howse, 87.]

*tashpoonk, tasp-, n. atable, C. [This
has the form of an active ybl. n., and
can not mean ‘table’, though it may

he |

|
|

signify a meal, eating what is held up; |
from tahshe-uppo.| Eliot transfers the |

word ‘table’ without translation.
*tashunum. See fahshinum.
*tatackommau-og (Narr.), n. pl. por-

poises, R.W. 103. From tatagkom (he

keeps striking), with -mdv, generic for |

‘fish’: the fish which keeps striking |

(the water).

*tatagganish (Narr.), v. t. (imperat. 2d
sing.) ‘shake this’, R. W. 54. Cf. tat-
tawminum.

*tataggoskituash (Narr. ),n. pl. ‘afresh
meadow’, R. W.
shaking grass (?).]

[Chip. totégan, ‘a trembling piece
of ground in a marsh or swamp’,
Bar. Del. tatayan, stiff, close (?).]

tatta, I know not, I can not tell, John
9, 12; 20, 13 (tatto, Mass. Ps.). Augm. of
toh, ‘it may be’, an ady. ‘of doubting’,
as Eliot calls it (Gr. 22).

{Narr. tattd. Abn. taiinega, je ne
sais, qu’en sais-je? Del. taktaani, Hkw.;
taktani, ‘be it who it may’ (ady.); ‘I

don’t know where’; atta, ’ta, no, not;

matta tani, in no way, Zeisb. Gr.]
tattagkomaii, v. t. an. (freq. of tog-

komauw) he strikes him repeatedly, beats |
. |

(him): wut-tattagkoméuh, they beat
him, Acts 18, 17; suppos. tattogkomont,
when he beats (him), Luke 12, 45.

[tataggu-oskeht-uash, |

With inan. obj. tattogkodtam, he beats
(it); suppos. noh tohtogkodtog, he who
beats (it), 1 Cor. 9,26. See togkodtam.

tattamwohtaii, vy. t. (caus.) he incloses
(it) with; pl. -tatiog qussukquanash, they
set in (it) stones; pass. inan. hassunash
tattamwohtaii-un-ash ut pohquag,
‘stones inclosed in ouches’, Ex. 39, 10,
6. VbI. n. tattamwohtauonk, setting, in-
closing, Ex. 28, 20.

tattautnum, y. t. he shakes (it), Acts
18, 6. The formative -nwm implies
action performed by the hand. Caus.
tattauwohteau, he makes (it) shake,
causes (it) to shake; tattawvohteash
kuhhog, shake thyself, Is. 52, 2.

tatteohtaii menutcheg, he smites (him)
with the fist, Is. 58, 4; suppos. (noh) tdd-
teadt, he who smites (him) with, Is.
35 Lif.

*tattuppunnohkonat, vy. i. (infin.), to
spin, C. See tuppinéhteau; tuttuppun.

[tatuppagin, y. i. it rolls (on its axis
or about itself).] From tatuppe, all the
same, motion about a center without
advance (?). V. adj. -ginausu, it is
rolled together or on its axis; pl. -svash,
things rolled up, Is. 34,4. With sh (of
involuntary action or mischance ?),
tatuppagsheau, it rolls itself or is rolled;
suppos. -shunk, ‘when rolled together’,
‘a scroll’, Rey. 6, 14. See tuppinéhteau;
tuttuppun.

[Abn. ne-datebipSdsn, je roule (vy. g.
pierre, arbre, ete.); ne-datebenemen, je
le roule. Cree tetippe-puthu, it turns
(on its axis).]

*tatuppaunttock (Narr.), y. i. pl. they
are weighing (with scales or balances),
R. W. 136.

| tatuppe, vy. impers. it is equal; as ady.

alike, equally, Job 21, 26: ne tatuppe, ne-
tatup, ‘like, so’, El. Gr. 22 (tatiippéyeu,
just so; -yéue, equally, C.). Adj. tattup-
peyeu, pl. -yeuash, equal (things), Is. 40,
15; Rey. 21,16. V. subst. tatuppeyeum, he
is (or it is) the same as, equal to: wame
weyaus tatuppemoskehtua, all flesh is (the
same as) grass, Is. 40, 6; pl. -yeumog,
they are equal to, the same as, Is. 40, 22;
Luke 20, 36; suppos. -yeumkish, things
when equal, Ps. 17, 2. From ¢tdpi, it
suffices, by intens. reduplication.

160 BUREAU OF

tatuppe—continued.

(Narr. netdtup, ‘it is all one’. Abn.
tétebi8i, A Végalité, également. Cree

tabiskooch, alike; e-dp-itch, the same.
Chip. tibishko, equal, like, similar, Bar.
Del. tpisqui, exactly so, Zeish. ]
tatuppehtéau, y. caus. inan. he makes
(it) equal, equalizes (it), Ps. 15.
[Abn. tétebaghendsé, il le divise égale-
ment. |

99

33,

tatuppequanum, y. t. he rolls (it) along,
Matt. 27, 60; 28, 2. Suppos. pass. tatuppe-
quanumuk, When rolled, that which is
rolled; hence, as n. ‘a wagon’, Num. 7,
3; pl. -mugishand -mugquash, ‘chariots’,
sce dl (9:
unk (trom tatuppequasheau, v. i. it rolls),
when it rolls; as n. that which rolls, ‘a
rolling thing’, Is. 17, 15.
tatuppin, n. a thread, Cant. 4, 5.
tuttuppun.
*taubut, tatibot ( Narr. ).
tam, he is thankful.
taiimaog.
*tatinek (Narr. ),n.a crane.
tauomaog.
taupl.
*tatipowaw (Narr. ), ‘a wise speaker’ ; pl.
taupowauog. ‘Their wise men and old
men (of which number the priests are
. they make solemn speeches

Suppos. inan. tatuppequash-

See
See tabuttan-

See tauumaog.
See tannag.
See fauumaog.

See tapi.

also). .
and orations or lectures to them, con-
cerning religion, peace or war and all
things.’’—R.W. 64, 112. Probably from
tapi (tatbi, R. W.), and perhaps the
same as y. caus. taphéau, tapehheau, he
gives satisfaction, satisfies, says what is
enough. Cf. pauwau, a priest.

[Cree tapwayoo, he true-says. Chip.

tapwa, he true-speaks (nin débwe, 1 |

speak truth, Bar. ).]

*taut [fautau], pl. tautaiog (Narr.), the
name of a species of fish, ‘sheeps-
heads’, R. W. This name, the
plural, is now popularly given to the
Labrus americanus Bloch (Labrus tau-
toga of Mitchell).

in

tauumaog, taiim-, taumm- (?), n. a
street, Dan. 9, 25; Rev. 21, 21: tawuwm-
méogquehtu, into the street, Josh. 2, 19.

(Narr. eatau-may would be ‘old way’
or ‘long used way’ (?). See eatawiis.]
tatiwohpahham. See tovopham.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| tauwutchashunk-ish, ‘breaches’, Amos
9, 11. See towwutchathammonk.
*tawishonk, ady. in the meantime,
meanwhile, Mass. Ps., John 4, 31, =na
noche, El.
teag, as
TEQO ies

n. thing, object (chose): ne
matta teag, or matteag, some-
thing... nothing, Luke 22,
9,13; ne teag peyasik, a very little thing
(suppos. ), Is. 40, 15.

35; Prov.

teaguas, pl. -assinish, n. things, matters,
which are not tangible or material, Is.
42,9: ne teaguas, something (spoken,
Luke 11, 54). Augm. tanteaguassinash
(with wame, all), things, Gen. 24, 1;
Proy. 26, 10; Is. 44, 24. The primary sig-
| nification of tedg seems to be property,
possession, something had: ne oltunk,
what he hath; ne ohtag, what is (se
habet). See ohtauundt; ohteuk.
[Narr. teaqua, what is this?; teaqua

navintick ewd, what comes he for’

téaqua cun-natinne, what look you fo

teag yo augwhittick, what hangs there?;
nit-leauguash, my money, R. W. ]
teaguash, teauguash, pl. things, pos-
sessions; used by Eliot for ‘money’;
Gen. 23, 13; Matt. 17, 27, etc.
_teagwe, teague, adj. and ady. ‘any’,
Rey. 7, 1: teague,. . . ne teague, of money,
| ... of anything, Deut. 23,19. As an
interrog. what?: teagwe woi mishonto-

wai, what shall I ery? Is. 40, 6. See
| chagwas.
teanuk, ady. presently, El. Gr. 21;
quickly, immediately, Gen. 18, 7; Acts
10, 29, 33.

[Narr. tedno, ‘by and by’. Micm.
temk, Vabord; temkesei, premiérement,
Maill. Quir. charaque, quickly. ]

teaogku, ady. ‘rather, unfinished’, El.
Gr. 21 [‘on the way to’ an end not yet
attained (?), or ‘shortly’; ef. tiéhqui].
See nogque.

teashiyeuonk, teateash-, Vile aut
family, Deut. 29, 18; Jer. 33, 24
(chashiyetionk, teashinniinnéonk, C.).

tenogkequas. See tinogkukquas.

tetequshin, y. i. it trembles, ‘pants’ (of
the heart, Ps. 38,10). From tatugkom
(see tattagkomaii), he beats, with sh,
characteristic of violent action.

TRUMBULL]

oO.

aay

tiadche, ady. unexpectedly, El. Gr.
1 Sam. 6, 9; suddenly, John 11, 7
(wachét, immediately, Mass. Ps., John
6, 21),

-tin, -tinne.
tive syllables of no significance’

)

Seles
See wuttinne+, wuttit.
*tinnogkohteas, n. a toad; pl. + suog, C.

tinogkukquas, tenogkequas, n.a frog; |

pl. +suog, Ex. 8, 2,10; Ps. 105, 30 (tin-

nogkohquase, -suog, C.). Ct. *kopiauss;
mohmoskuhteas. From a verb signi-
fying to jump, with ds (dédas), animal:
the creature which moyes by jumping.
See tannag, crane (‘croaker’?).

[Abn. arikda8, il saute. ]

tidhqui, tiuhque, it is short; adv. and
adj. short, Num. 11, 23; Ps. 89,47; Rom.
9, 28 (nuttiohquem, ‘in short’, i.e. I am
brief, I will speak briefly, C.). V.
adj. an. tiohqussu, he is short, of low
stature. V. caus. inan. tiohquehtéau, he
shortens (it), makes (it) short: hkut-
tiohquehte-6h, thou makest (it) short to
him, Ps. 89, 45.

[ Narr. tiaquénqussu, he is short, R.W.

60. Quir. taioquiah, is short (of life),
Pier. 39. Abn. tadk&éss8, il est court;
taSaksat, cela est court. Del. taquetto
(ady.), short, Zeisb. ]

Eliot calls these ‘“supple- |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

tiohquonkque, (it is) low; suppos. tioh- |

qunkquodt, when it is low, Is. 32, 19.

-tipimon (?): nut-tipimon, my shoulder-
blade, Job 31, 22.
tugk.

See mohpegk; mut-

tipukok, suppos. when it is dark.
*tippaco.

tisasquodt: imahche tisasquodt, after (the
season of) mowing, Amos 7, 1.

toanneu, vy. i. he gapes, yawns (nut-

toiwinneem, I gape, C.); with an. obj. |

téannehtau, he gapes at (him); nut
téunnehtongquog, they gape at me, Ps.
22d

togguhwhonk, toguh-, togwonk, vbl.
n. (from toghum) the pounding (of

corn, ete.); hence a mortar or place |

for pounding: ut togguhwonganit, ‘in a
mortar’, ‘in mills’, Num. 11, 8. Adj.
and adv. togguhwongane, of grinding, of
a mill; toguhwéngandmpsk, togwonka-
nompsk, a millstone, Job 41, 24; 2 Sam.
11, 21; Is. 47, 2.

B. A. E., Buty. 25—11

See |

161

togguhwhonk, etc.—continued.

[Narr. tackunck or wéskunck, ‘their
pounding mortar’, R. W. Abn. tagSa-
haigan, la pile.
Zeisb. ]

toghum, togguhhum, y. t. he grinds (it)
(togguhhum-un-at, to grind, C.);
toghumun-eau, they ground it, Num.
LES!
[Narr. tackhiimmin, to grind corn, R.

Del. tachquoahoacan,

wut-

W., i. e. to beat it in a pounding mor-
tar. Abn. Sda'kh8amen, il pile quelque
chose dans la pile (blé, viande, etc. ).]

togkodtam, y.t. he strikes (it) with a
stick or some implement, Ex. 7, 20;
Num. 20, 11; suppos. noh togkodtog, he
who strikes (he when striking), Is. 41,
7; Ezek. 7,9. Freq. tohtogkodtam, tat-
tagk-, he strikes repeatedly, beats (it);
suppos. noh tohtogkodtog, he who beats
(it), 1 Cor. 9, 26. Vbl. n. togkodtuonk,
a blow, a striking, Ex. 21, 25; freq.
todtogkodtuonk, tatogk-, a beating, Deut.
17, 8; 21, 5 (pl. tattagkodtuongash,
‘stripes’, Ind. Laws). With an. obj.
togkomaiv, he strikes (him); suppos. noh
togkomont, he who strikes or may strike,
Ex. 21,12, 15; freq. tattagkomaii (q.v.),
he beats him. Vbl. n. act. togkomm-
waonk, a blow given, Ps. 39, 10; pass.
togkomitteaonk, a blow received, a being-
struck, Job 23, 2. See togku.

togkodteg, n. (a striking instrument),
a sword, Lev. 26, 6; 1 Sam. 17, 45; pl.
-egash, -eganash, Ps. 59, 7. From tog-
kodtam. (Cf. Sansk. tug, ferire, vul-
nerare, tremere; tad, pulsare, ferire;
tat, percutere, ferire. Hib. tathaim, I
kill; tathog, ‘a slap’. Cf. Lat. tignum,
with Ind. n. gen. -uhtug, wood, a beam,
a stick.)

[Narr. n’tatakeém-muckqun ewod, he
struck (beat) me, R. W. 148. Abn. ne-
dakhSdmen, je pile (quelque chose);
ne-dagamai, je le bats (y. g. lapide);
ne-taghétSn, je frappe avec cela. Cree
takatum, he stabbeth (?) it; takd-chegd-
yoo, he stabbeth; ootémmahun, he beat-
eth it; oolémmaheggun (a beating instru-
ment), a hammer, tomahawk; but cf.
tummehtam, tummigquohwhau. Micm.
taktem, je frappe. Powh. tockahacks,
pickaxes; tomahacks, axes, J. Smith.
Del. tangamuk, he stabbed or pierced;

162 BUREAU OF

togkodteg—continued.

gamican, a spear, Zeish. |

togkogku, vy. i. it stops, stays, is stayed
(of the progress of pestilence, 2 Sam.
24,5); nut-togkogkem, I stop, C. With
ksh, characteristic of sudden or violent
action, togkoggshau, it was stopped,
stayed, Num. 16, 48, 50, =togkogqush-

oma@ (pass. form), Num. 25, 8, =on-

tappu, Ps. 106, 30. Cf. togkushin.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

| togquattin, v. i.
tan aa mend, pierced; tangandican, tan- |

[togku, vy. i. he strikes (with some in- |
strument), deals a blow;] infin. togko- |

nat qussukquanash asuh kounkquttash, ‘to
hurl stones or arrows’, 1 Chr. 12, 2.
With inan. subj. togkeii, it strikes; sup-
pos. togkunk (that which strikes), an
ax, Is. 10, 15; Judg. 9, 48; pl. +ash,
Ezek. 26, 9 (togkong, C.; tockucke, a
hatchet, Wood); freq. tadtdgkdénat, to
beat, C.

togkuhwhosu, y. i. he is grinding, he
grinds, Judg. 16, 21; pl. -dsuog, Matt.
24, 41.
pl. -enuog, Eccl. 12, 3.

(Abn. ta'gSahaiiss, on le pile; dakSassi,

il pile dans la pile. ] ;

togkun, y. i. it holds, 2 Chr. 4,5. See
tohquirnum.

togkuppinau, y. t. an. he holds (him)
fast by bonds, Judg. 15, 10 (infin. ).
Augm. and intens. tohtogk-, tattagk-:

N. agent. -whosuen, a grinder;

wutohtogkuppino-uh, they bound him,
Judg. 15, 13; suppos. part. tohtogkup-
pinont, Matt. 12, 29. Double trans.
togkuppinauau, he binds (him) fast to

(him). From tohgunau, he holds fast;

*togquos, a twin, C.

toguhwhonk.
| togwonk.
| toh, ‘ady. of doubting’, El. Gr.

[BULLETIN 25

it congeals, Ex.
stiffens, freezes. See *taquittin.
See ogquos; *tack-
qiuwock.
See togguhwhonk.
See togguhwhonk.
225° cit
may be’; (2) ady. ‘of wishing’; used as
an annex ‘to every person and yaria-
tion in the optative mood’, signifying
‘O that it were!’ (winam); would that,
El. Gr. 34, 65: ‘no-waadchanun toh, 1
wish I keep him’; (3) with the suppos.
mood, in what manner, how: ahque-
teauak toh nootameg, take heed how you
hear, Mark 4, 24; toh dnukque ne nussin,
as he bids me, so (or that) I speak,
1K, 22, 14. Cf. uttoh.

[Moh. taugh, taukh, Edw. and Pray-
ers, 1, 6, 7.]

| toh, tohhen, interrog. particle, how?

with the characteristic of binding or |

tying (-pi).

[Cree taéhkoop-issoo, he is tied up;
-itldyoo, it is tied up (idppee, a line or
cord). Chip. (suppos.) tahkoobezood,
bound fast, John 11, 44.]

togkushin, y.i. it strikes (with violence),
is stopped (by a violent or unexpected
obstacle ):
sukquanit, lest thy foot ‘dash’ or strike
with violence on a stone, Matt. 4, 6.
Cf. togkogku.

togkussittassun, y.i. he stumbles, John
11, 10; pl. -unwog, they stumble, Rom.
11, 11 (nut-togkissitassin, I stumble, C. ).
From togkushin and mi’ seet (imusseet), the

ishkont kus-seet togkushin qus-

foot.

where? what? It supplies the place of
the interrog. pronoun, inanimate, as
howan [éwo-un], who?, does that of the
animate. In some dialects, for example
the Cree, tohhen or its representative
has sing. and pl. an. and inan, forms;
but as used by Eliot, it is indeclinable.
See tohneit; tohnoh; tohwutch, ete.
[Narr. tow wuttiin, where lives he?;
tuckowékin [toh kowékin], where dwell
you?; tahéna [toh hennou], ‘what is his
name’, how is he ecalled?; tahéttamen
[toh hettamun], ‘what call you this’,
howisit called? Abn. taiini aiainian, quo
vadis?; taiini Seman, unde venis?; aren-
aiibes tani, combien V hommes}; taiina,
quiconque. Micm. dod,
ative, comme num, ou ne, en latin’’;
interrog. pron. (an.) tan, pl. tanik;
(pret.) tanak, pl. tannkik, celui que;
(inan.) tan, pl. tamel; (pret.) tdnel, pl.
tannkel, ce que; ‘tan est aussi adverbe de
temps, et signifie quand’’; ‘‘est encore
adverbe de lieu, et signifie ot, en quel
lieu, en ce lieu”’, Maill. Cree tand, in-
terrog. pron. an. which; pl. tan-dnekee;
inan. tan-emah, pl. tan-dnehee, Howse 189
(but in the examples, p. 280, the in-
flections are transferred to the verb or
verbal to which tan is prefixed, its use
corresponding with that of toh (in-
decl.), by Eliot). Del. ta, tani, where?
Zeisb. ]

‘

‘note interrog-

TRUMBULL]

tohkaeu, ady. ‘in cold weather’, Proy.
25, 20. See tohkoi.

tohkekom [= (olhkoi--k-mma, it comes
cool (?)], n. a spring (of water), a
fountain, Ley. 11,
Josh. 15, 19. Adj. and ady. -kommue,
of fountains, Cant. 4, 15; Neh. 3, 15:
tohkekommupog, springs of water (-pog),
Num. 19, 17; Josh. 15, 19.

36; pl. -kommuash,

[Abn. tekebi, eau froide; tekepighe, |

fontaine. Cree take-gimu, cold-liquid-
is-it; it is cold (?). Chip. (Sag. ) tack-

keebea, Sch. 11, 462; takigami, spring |
water, Bar.; tiikagiimi, the water is cold, |
Miami |

S. B.
taw-kéng-gaw-me. |

tohkequn, tuhkekun, vy. i. it is heavy,
Prov. 27, 3; Job 6, 3; 23, 2; pl. +-ash,

Shawn. thk-ee-kium-ee.

Matt. 25, 4: tukkekhukqunash, they are |
heavy (for me), Ps. 38, 4; suppos. tuh- |

kequog, when it is heavy, Ps. 38, 4; ne
tuhkequok, the weight of it, 1 K. 10, 14;
unuttuhkequane, by weight, of the weight
of; pl. -anash, Num. 7, 86.

[Narr. qussiicqun, heavy; kuk-qussuck-
qun, you are heavy (ef. qussuk, a rock).
Abn. tekigsr, il est pesant; tekigSan, cela
est pesant. Del. tak-achsiin (heavy
stone), lead, Zeisb.]

tohkoi, y. impers. it is cold, cold is; as n.
cold, Job 37, 9; John 18, 18: kane tohkoi,
the cold of snow, Proy. 25, 13; suppos.
(concrete) tohkag, when it is cold, Job
24, 7; pl. -gish, Nah. 3, 17 (macheke
tohkoi, itisvery cold (weather), C.). The
primary signification is, perhaps, con-
gealed, stiffened, or made hard, solid (by
cold). Cf. togquattin (Narr. taqudttin), it
congeals, it freezes; *taquonk, and with
these togkogku, it is stopped, obstructed.

{Narr. tahki, tatakki, ‘cold weather’;
tahkees, cold [cool, dimin. (?)]; taki-
tippocat, it is a cold night. Abn. tag-
Saden, thai, (la sagamité) est froide,
cela est gelé, figé; tekighen, la terre est
froide; tekiteba‘kat, il fait froid la nuit,
etc. Cree tak/éu, it is cold. Del. tekek
[suppos. =tohkag (?)], cold, Zeisb. Gr.
42. Chip. ti ka git mi, ‘the water is
cold’, S. B.]

tohkokquok, suppos. when it is cold
weather, in a season of cold, ‘in the
cool of the day’, Gen. 3, 8.

[Narr. taikocks, cold weather. ]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

163

tohkénogque, conj. although, El. Gr.
22: tok-, Job 13, 15.

*tohkosin, y. i. [he raises himself (?) J,
he climbs: nut-tohkas, I climb; tohkasin-
neat, to climb, C.

tohkomtaau, y. t. he climbs upon (it):

metug, he climbed the tree, Luke

19, 4; pl. tohkwtaudog weetuémehtu, they

climb up upon the houses, Joel 2, 9;
—— kussampskdiyeu-ut, they climb up
upon the rocks, Jer. 4, 29. Vbl. n.
tohkatauonk, a ladder, Gen. 28, 12 (tah-
kasowontuk, C.). With the character-
istic of forcible or violent action (sh),
togkoshaau; pl. togkashdog; hassaneu-
tunk, they scale the wall, Joel 2,7. Cf.
tookeu, ‘he wakes’, rises (?).

[Narr. wtaquatchuwatimen, ‘1 go up
hill’; taguatchowash, go (thou) up hill,
R. W: 76.]

tohneit, conj. if, El. Gr. 22: tohneit nenag,
if it be so, Dan. 3, 17.

| tohnoh, ady. interrog. whence? Gen. 42,

woh au, whither can he go? John

35 (tonnoh, whither, where; lonnoh-
witch, whence, C.). See toh, tohhen.

{Narr. tina co-wdumn, whence came:

you?; tunnock kuttome, whither go you?
R. W. 28 (ef. p. 73). Abn. taiini Seman,
unde venis?; taiini aiaiiian, quo yadis?’
Micm. (an, ot, en quel lieu, en ce lieu.
Cree tdn-itte, what place? where?; tai’ itt?
@iche, from which place? whence?
Del. ta talle, where? Hkw. ]

tohqunnum, y. t. he lays hold of (it),
takes fast hold of, seizes (with the
hand), catches; pl. -wmwog, Is. 5, 29.
Vbl. on. tohqunnuméonk, a seizing,
‘prey’, Ezek. 19, 3. With an. obj.
tohqunau, he lays hold of (him), holds
him fast, Ps. 10, 9; Judg. 8, 14 (pass.
he is seized or taken, Ezek. 19, 8);
wutohqun-duh, they caught him, Mark
12,3. From togqun, tohqun, it holds,
with formative -nwm, denoting action
by the hand. Cf. togkogku; togkushin.

[Cree takwa-num, he grasps, holds it

with the hand; tékwdtum, he holds it
in hismouth. Abn. ne-kérhaii, ‘je prens
(v. g. une marte) dans l’attrape’; kera-
higan, attrape (aux ours). ]

tohsahke, ady. whilst, so long as, 1 Cor.
8, 18. Cf. nisohke.

tohshinum. See tahshinwin.

‘
fy

164 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

tohsu, tohshéu, adj. or, as Eliot classes
it, a ‘distributive pronoun’, signifying
how much: ‘‘pl. tohsuog, tohsunash,
how many”, El. Gr. 8. Elsewhere
(p. 14) he gives ‘‘tohsi, or tahshe, which
is varied [in the pl.] tohstiog, tohsiiash,
or tohshinash’’, as an ‘additional’ or
‘word suppletive, which signifieth
nothing’ added to the numerals from
5 to 9 (inclusive), and ‘which receiy-
eth the grammatical variation of the
things numbered, animate or inani-
mate’: napanna tahshe, five; an. pl.
napanna tohsuog; iman. pl. napanna
tohsuash [or tahshinash]; yeu tohsheu,
for so much?; nua, ne tohsheu, yes,
for so much, Acts 5, 8; wunneese tah-
she, twice as much, Job 42, 10; nequt
pasukme tahshee, a hundredfold (times
so much), Luke 8,8 (tohshe, so much;
ne tohshit, so often, so many times, C. ).
Pl. an. tohsuog, how many (persons);
inan. tohshinash, tahshinash, tohsiiash,
how many (things); ne adtahshe, ne

Zs

ahhut tahshe, [that which is to or at so
many] so many as, the sum of, 2 Sam.
2, 23; Mark 6, 56; 2 K. 4, 8; suppos.
inan. ne adtahsik, the whole number,
the sum, Rey. 13, 18 (ne audtahsinit,
‘the sum of the number’, 1 Chr. 21,5);
suppos. an. pl. ne adtahshehettit, they
being (when they were) so many, as
many of them as, Judg. 3, 1; 1 Tim.
6,1. Asa ‘suppletive’ to the numerals
from 5 to 10, the signification of tahshe
(tohsi) is obscure, though Eliot was
certainly wrong in supposing it without
significance. It may not improbably
be related to tahshin, he lifts himself,
raises up, and tahshinum, he holds up
or raises (his hand or something in his
hand). With an inan. subj. tahshin
becomes tahsheu, it lifts, or is lifted up.
The Algonquian system of numbers was
quinary, and borrowed doubtless from
the fingers of the hand. At five
(napanna, nabo napanna, or sometimes
napanna tahshe), one hand was put up
(neepam, neepau-un, stood upright); at

six, 5-1, one finger of the second hand |
was raised, nequtta tahshe, and so on. |

[Narr. tashin com-mésim, how much
shall I give you?; pl. inan. tashinash.
Abn. késs8akna8a, ou taiini késsSihidit,

tohsu, ete.—continned.
combien sont ils?; késsen8rna8a, ou kés-
senSar, combien . . . de ces choses?; ni
akésinaii, voila tout, voila toutes (des
poires); neg8daiis, six; pl. an. negSdaiis-
késsSak; inan. -késsen8r. Miem. tach,
combien?; tachigek, combien sommes-
nous?; lachigigik, combien sont-ils? ete.
(comme un verbe); an. pl. aj8gom dechi-
gik, six; déch s’emploie ordinairement
apres les nombres 6, 7, 8,9, 10, 100, 1000,
ete. Cree ‘from tdhto, number (?), are
formed it-tussu-uk (an. i.), they are, or
number, so many; it-tahtin-wah (inan.
i.)’’, ete.; nickoot-wdssik, six. Del.
tschitsch, more, again; ta tchen, how
much? Zeisb. ]

tohwutch, tohwaj, adv. interrog. why?
(El. Gr. 21), Job 3, 11, 12: toharutch
koueyog, why sleep ye? Luke 22, 46.
tohwa) is the indefinite and suppos.
form. From toh and wutche, what
from? wherefore?

[Cree tan’weche, what from? why?

Narr. tawhitch.]

tohwuttintipdnoh, ‘he cared for
(them)’: mat. . . tohwuttintiipanéoh, he
‘not... eared for (the poor)’, John
12, 6, =‘‘matta wutche tohen tupponum-
op’’, Mass. Ps. (Eliot has matta toh-
hentupdnumdua shepsoh, ‘he careth not
for the sheep’, John 10,18, =matta tup-
panumow sheepsoh, Mass. Ps. ).

tomeii, y. i. he escapes, saves himself,
goes clear (infin. tomun-at, to escape,
Ezra 9,8). Caus.an. tomhéau, he causes
to go clear, saves, delivers, 1 Sam. 23, 5;
imperat. 2d sing. + 3d. pl. tomieh, save
thou them, 1 Sam. 23, 2; suppos. noh
mos nut-tomhik, he can deliver me, 1
Sam. 17, 37. Caus. inan. tomwehteau,
he saves (it), 2 K. 13, 25.

tomogkon, y. i. it is flooded, there is
a flood. As n. a flood, Gen. 6, 17;
Job 22, 16; Matt. 7, 25; the rising of
water, flood tide (nippe timogkon, water
flows, C.; tommogkon, tommog, Mass.
Ps.). Pl. wadchuash sogkodtunk tomog-
konash, the mountains flow with milk,
Joel 3, 18. Suppos. tomogkog, when it
flows with, when there is a flood, Ex.
3, 8.

[Narr. taméecon, flood tide; tawma-

coks, upon the flood (i. e. when water

TRUMBULL]

tomogkon—continued.
is rising), R. W. 100. Abn. tamdgan,
la marée monte; tamagaghé, marée mon-
tante. |

*ton (Muh. ),a connective, and, moreover
(between clauses); don, Ps.19, 1, 2, 11,
also Watts’ Cat.

25, ans.

Prayer in [Quinney’s?] Assembly Cate- |

chism 5, 6.
tonkgs.
woman.
toshkeonk (?), vbl. n. a ‘crashing’ noise,
a crash, Zeph. 1, 10.
touappu [loueu-appu, he remains soli-

tary or deserted], vy. i. he is deserted, |

abandoned: nun-neechanog touappuog,
my children are desolate, Lam. 1, 16.
toueu, touweu, v. i. it is solitary, de-
serted, unoccupied: wt towweu, ‘in the
desert’, Ps. 78, 40. Hence suppos. tou-
wag, ‘a gap’ (place left open), Ezek.
13, 5.
[Del. tauwiechen, it is open (e. g. the
way), Zeisb. Gr. 168. ]
touiésu, vy. adj. an. he is solitary, de-

serted; as n. (towwiés, touiés), an or-

phan, a fatherless child, Ex. 22, 22; |
Deut. 14, 29; 27, 19.
{Narr. towitwock, fatherless chil-

dren, R. W. 45.]

touishin, touwushin, vy. i. inan. subj. it
is desolate, it lies waste: ohke pish toui-
shin, the land shall be desolate, Mic.
7,13; suppos. ne taauhshik, that which is
desolate or waste, Hag. 1, 9. Adj. and
ady. touishinne, touwushinne, Job 15, 34;
Is. 35, 1.

[Del. tau wie chen, it is open, Zeisb. ]
t6untomuk. See dontémuk, the womb.
touohkomuk [suppos. inan. or pass.

part. of fouohkeu, from toueu-ohke, de-
serted place, ‘wild land’ (?)], n. the

desert, the wilderness, a solitary place, |
Hx 0; 03 bs. 107, 45 Iss 14. 75 44.23)

(touohkomuk, C.); pl. -ukquash, Is. 48, 21.

rf

Adj. and ady. -ukque, of the wilderness, |

ete., not cultivated, Deut. 32, 10; 2 K.
4, 39; Is. 10, 18.

[Del. tachanigeii, woody, full of wood,
Zeisb. Gr. 165; te-ke-ne, the woods,
Zeisb. Voc. 30.]

toudhpeu, y.i. he goes in (or into) water,
John 5, 7 (tauohpe, Mass. Ps.); suppos.
tauohpit, when he goes into water,
ibid. v. 4.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

3,and Lord’s |

See adtonkgs, kinsman or kins- |

165

| toudhpuhtean, vy. t. (caus.) he casts it
into (the water); pl. -teaog en kehtah-
hdnit, they cast (it) into the sea, Jonah
Ie tied:
| touopham, tauwohpahham, y. t. he
| puts (it) in water, ‘seethes’ it, Ex. 29,
| 31; Num. 6, 19 (nuttauohpunukwh, he
puts me into (the water), Mass. Ps.,
John 5,7). Cf. neepattau.

[Abn. tsa8ap8, il se plonge dans l'eau.
Narr. touwopskhémmke (imperat. 2d pl. ),
cast anchor, i. e. throw the stone into
the water. ]

touppuhhosu, y. adj. an. he is put into
water; suppos. noh téuppuhhosit, he (or
an. obj., as weyaus, flesh) when put in
water, ‘sodden’, Num. 6, 19.

touweu. See toueu.
| touwushin.
touwutchathammonk, ‘a breach’ (in a
house), Amos 6, 11.

unk-ish.

See towishin.

See taumwutchash-

*touwuttin (Narr.), the south wind (?)
R.W.
*toyusk (Narr.), n. a bridge, R. W. Cf.
taskeonk.
[Del. ta yach quoan, Zeish.
tomanneu.
tohpu.

’

See plawu.
See tapu.
tokeu, tohkeu, y. i. he wakes from

sleep, Ps. 78, 65; pret. nut-takep, I did

wake, Ps. 3,5; Jer. 31, 26; imperat. 2d
| sing. twkish; suppos. tokeit, when he

wakes, is awakened, Zech. 4, 1; tokéon,
when I wake, Ps. 17, 15. With the
(sh) of suddenness or
involuntary action, ta@ksheu. VY. t.

characteristic
an.
obj. takinau, he wakes, awakens (him):
nut-tokin-uk, he wakes me, Is. 50, 4;
Zech. 4, 1.
[Narr. tokish, wake thou, pl. tékeke;
kitumydi [kittumma, El. ] tokéan, as soon
| as I wake; vy. t. tokinish, wake him.
| Abn. ne-t8kira, je m’éveille; ne-t8kki-
mai, ‘je Véveille, moi parlant’, ete. ]
-ton. See mutton, the mouth.
toneque, it slips, is slippery; as adj. and
ady. Jer. 23, 12; imperat. 3d sing. tame-
quaj, let it slip or be slippery, Ps. 35, 6.
tonequshin, y. i. inan. subj. (it) slips
or slides, Ps. 94, 18; suppos. nusseet

tanukqushik, when my foot slips, Ps.
38, 16.

With an. subj. twnequssu, he
| slips, is slipping.

( Tonukquestie kup-

166 BUREAU OF
tonequshin—continued.
pat, slippery ice, C.; but the adj. should
be taneque or taneikqushinne. )
tonuppasog, n. the tortoise, Ley. 11, 29.
[Abn. t8rebé; pl. -bak, tortue. Del.
toolpe [tilpe, Hkw.]; tilpa, turpa, Cam-

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

panius (unde deriv. terrapin); tu/ pe, a.

water or sea turtle, Zeisb. ]
topu, tohpu, (there is) a (white) frost,

Gen. 31, 40; Ps. 78, 47; 147, 16 (‘hoar |

frost’); tap, ‘dew’, Cant. 5, 2; suppos.
lohpuwudt, when there is frost, Ex. 16,
14. Ch. muhpoi, it snows (C.).

[Narr. topu, a frost; missittépu, a great
frost. Del. to pan, frost, Zeisb. 8. B.
12; ‘it freezes a white frost’, Zeisb.
Gr. 161.]

toskeonk, vbl. n. a fording place (?): ut
toskeonganit, at the ford, Is. 16,2. Cf.
*toytisk, a bridge; see poviquag.

[Narr. wut-tocékemin, to wade; tocé-

kétuck, let us wade. }

towu. See ptowu, he flies.

-tugk. See muttugk, mtugk, the shoul-
ders, i. e. the upper part of the back.

tuhkekqun. See tohkequn, heavy.

tuhkekun. See tohkequn.

*tuhkés, ady. by this time, Mass. Ps.,
John 11, 39; = yeu aquompak, El.

-tuk, n. generic for ‘river’; found only
in compound words, as kishketuk, near
to or by the river, Ex. 2, 5; Ezek. 47,
6, 7; néahtuk (néeu-tuk), the middle of
the river, Josh. 12, 2; 13, 9, 6; kehteih-
tukqut, at the great river, Gen. 15, 18.
So, qunani-tuk-ut (hodie, ‘Connecticut’ ),
at the long river; imissi-tuk (‘Mystic’),
the great river, ete. Itis a contraction,
or perhaps the suppos. form, of a verb
tukka@, signifying it waves, flows in
waves, fluctuatus est. The pl. tukkaog
is used by Eliot for ‘waves’, Ps. 65, 7;
89, 9; Mark 4, 37, ete. (keitoh wuttuk-
cmoh, the sea whose wayes, ete., Is. 51,
15). Heekewelder confounds this word,
which, for the Delaware, he writes
hittuck and translates ‘a rapid stream’,
with m’htuk (m’htug, El.), a tree,
Hist. and Lit. Trans. Am. Philos.
Soc. 1, 61. tukko itself is either a
derivative form or nearly related to the
primary verb togku, he strikes. It has
apparently dropped an initial syllable,
om, the characteristic of involuntary

tummehtam, y. t.

25

[BULLETIN

-tuk—continued.
motion or change of place (see ontapin-
neat), which syllable is restored to its
derivatives: keht-ontukquog, ‘the mighty
waves’, Ps. 93, 4; mish-ontukme kehtoh-
han-it, to ‘the troubled [great-waved]
sea’, Is. 57, 20; kehtahhan-ontuk, a wave
of the sea, James 1, 6; ketahhannuppog
tukawoagk, the waters of the sea (when
they) are troubled, Ps. 46,3. See sepu.

[Abn. teg8, flot, pl. tegS*ak; kesaiiteg8,
grand flot. Chip. tigou-tig, waves, Luke
21, 25.]

inan. he severs (it),
cuts it off, Prov. 26, 6; Jer. 10, 3; im-
perat. 2d sing. tummehtash, tumméthash,
Matt. 5,30; Luke 13, 7: trammehtamwog
up-puhkuk, 1 Sam. 31, 9, =tummusswn-
wog up-puhkuk, 2 Sam. 20, 22, they cut
off his head; suppos. témettéhhog, tamah-
tahhog, when hesevers, cuts off, Is. 66, 3;
suppos. inan. and pass. tummehthamuk,
when it is cut off, being cut off, Deut.
23,1; Job14,7. Withan. obj. tummeh-
tahwhau (tummetah-, tammuttah-, ete.),
he cuts (him) off: nut-tummetah, I eut
him off, Ley. 17, 10; suppos. part. oh
tametahwhont, he who cuts off, Is. 51, 9.

tummigquohwhau, -w6éu, y. t. an. he
cuts off (his) head, beheads (him),
Matt. 14, 10.

[Narr. timeqiassin, ‘to cut off or be-
head’, R.W. Abn. me-temigSétéhaii, ne-
temik8ssaii, ne-temig8é haraii, je lui coupe
la téte. Powh. tomahacks, axes, J.
Smith (see togkodtég). Del. temahican,
hatchet; femitehemen, cut off, Zeisb. ]

*tummockquashunck (Narr.), n. a
beaver coat, R. W. See tummink.

tummuhhouauy, y. caus. he deserves,
earns, is worthy of, Jer. 26, 11:
onkquatunk, he earns wages, Hag. 1, 6;
suppos. noh tamhouadt, he who earns
(it), ibid. Vb. n.

desert: kut-tamhouaonganoash,

tummuhhouaonk,

your
deserts, Ezek. 7, 27. Cf. attumunnum, he
recelyes it.

tummink, n. a beaver; pl. -wnkquaog,
El. Gr. 9(ttimiink, C. ; tommunque, Stiles).
This name is evidently a verbal from
the base tumm-u (he severs, cuts off),
from which are formed twmmussum,
tummehtam, tummigquohwhau, ete., and
signifies ‘the cutter’, ‘His teeth...

TRUMBULL]

tummitnk—continued.
be sharpe and broad, with which he
cuts downe trees as thicke as a man’s
thigh, afterwards dividing them into
lengths,”’ ete., Wood.
[Narr. tummock, pl. 4 quatiog; (also)
noosup-patiog; R. W.
Abn. tema‘ksé; le male, atsimesks, fem.
nosémesk8. Del. tamdque, Hkw.]
tummussun, vy. t. he cuts off; as used
by Eliot it has the same signification as
tummehtam, q.v.* Withan. obj.tummus-
sahwhaii, with nearly the same signifi-
cation as twmmehtahwhaii. Freq. tad-
tamswau wuhkassoh, he cuts his nails,
Deut. 21, 12.
[*MARGINAL Nore.—‘‘ The difference is that
one is severed by repeated blows (-ehtahum),

the other by simple cutting (-usswm). See
Howse 87 et seq.’”’

See *amisque.

stimhup-patiog,

[Abn. ne-temesemen, ne-temessii, je le
coupe. ]
*tunnock (Narr.), whither? See tohnoh.
*tuppaco (Narr.), ‘toward night’: ofe-
matippocat (suppos.), ‘toward night’;
nanashowa-tippocat, midnight, R.W. 67.
Eliot does not employ this word in the
present or indicative, but has its sup-
positive (tipukak, -ok) in the compounds
pohkenittipukak, ‘in the darkness of the
night’ (when it is dark night), Prov.
7, 9; pajeh née-tipukkok, till midnight

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

(nouttippohkod, ate at night’, C.); |

noetipukoddeu, at midnight.
signifies it is dark, or the time of dark-
ness, and has the same base with poh-
keni (q. v.), if not formed from it
directly by the prefix adt or ut (adt’-
pohk-eni).

[Abn. taiini édstsi tebi*kat, quel temps
de nuit?; titebskSikeban, la nuit (passée),
de tota nocte dicitur; is tébk&isik, cette
nuit. Micm. tepkSn8get, lune, mois.
Del. tpocu, Zeisb. and Hkw. Cree tib-
biskow, it is night. Chip. (St Marys)
téb tk ud, (Gr. Tray.) tebik (tibikad,
night, Bar.). Alg. tibikat, il est nuit. ]

tippaco |

_*tuppanum, y. t.

he cares for [takes

care of (?)] it, Mass. Ps. See tohwut-
lintiipanoh.

tuppinohteau, tuttup- (freq.), y. i. he
twists, he spins (caus. he makes to
turn around), Ex.
Luke 12, 27; Matt. 6, 28.
tuttuppin, it turns or winds (about its
axis). Adj. and adv. tuppenohtée, spun

neg. pl.

2D;

From tuppin,

or twisted, Ex. 35, 25. See tatuppagin;
tatuppe; tuttuppun.

[Abn. ne-datebabéremen, je dévide,
je fais peloton. ]

tuppuhquam-ash, n. pl. beans, 2 Sam.
17, but ‘“beans-ash’’, Ezek. 4, 9;
lit. creepers, or twiners: tuppuhquama,
‘it winds about’, twines. Probably
the Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common
pole bean), as manusqussédash (bush
bean) is the yar. nanus.
squsséd-ash.

[Abn.
da‘ tebak8énemen, il lentortille.
Abn. ad-ba-kwa, bean, Osunk.]

tuppuksin, y. i. he encamps, pitches
tents (makes a ring); pl. -sinwog, they
encamp, ‘pitch their tents’, ‘abide in
tents’, Ex. 13, 20; Num. 9, 18, 22:
suppos. taubukkussik, when he was en-
camped, Ex. 18, 5. V. t. an. tuppuk-
sinehtaudnat, to encamp against; wuttup-

OQ.
40,5

See *manu-

féves, faséoles;
Mod.

3 Rane
ateba k&ar,

sinehtauouh, they encamped (against)
them, Judg. 6, 4. Vbl. n. -sinnwonk, a
camp, Num. 2, 3; Ps. 78, 28.
*tupsaas (Peq.), a rabbit, Stiles.
tussonkquonk, n. a saw; pl. -ongash, 1
Chr. 20, 3.
tuttuppinohteau. See tuppindhieau.
tuttuppun, tatuppin, y. i. it turns or
winds itself about, it twines; as n. a
(spun or twisted ) string, thread, cord,
Judg. 16, 9, Josh. 2, 21, =tuttuppunoah-
tog, Vv. 18, suppos. of tuttuppinohteau,
q. Vv.
[Abn. atepSrdSar, entortillé. Cree
te-ippe-puthu, it turns (on its axis);
idppee, a line, or cord. ]

See poksunkquonk.

168

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

i

ubbuhkumun: wutch ubbukumunit, from
the kernel (of the grape), Num. 6, 4.
Ci. appuhquésu; uppohqués.

ubhussauwaonoge (?), checkered, 1 K.
7, 17: —— quomphongane anakausuonk,
‘nets of checker work’; lit. ‘checkered
net work’.

-uhkon. See -dhkon.

tihkos. See mithkos, a hoof, a nail.

uhpegk, uhpequan, n. (his) shoulder.
See mohpegk.

*uhpuckachip (Peq.), n. gull, Stiles.

thpuonkash, thpoonk, pipes and to-
baceo, C. 162; hopudnck, a (tobacco)
pipe, R. W. v1 (56). Cf. kogkehodponat,
to be drunk, C. 189. See wuttamduog;
wuttoohpommmeonish,

[Del. ho pou can, pipe; hobboeii, he

smokes, Zeisb. ]

uhquae, adj. (1) at the point or extrem-
ity of; (2) at the end, border, or ex-
treme part (ahqude, on the other end,
(G: ): ukqude wutanwohhou, the end
or tip of his staff, Judg. 6, 21; wt ahquae,
at the ends, Ex. 39, 15, = wohkukquéag,
Ex. 39, 16 (see wéhkéeu); whqude Moab,
upon the border of Moab, Num. 21, 15;
uhquae wutogkwmunit, (to) the skirts of

238

his garment, Ps. 133, 2; the borders of
his garment, Mark 6, 56

; ut ohquae, on
the edge of, Ex. 26, 4; gut asquam oh-
quaeu, but the end (shall) not (be) yet,
Mark 13, 7.

The radical uhg or uhk (a point or

Cf. ahque.

sharp extremity) enters into a great

number of compound words, as tihkos

(mihkos), the nail of a man or hoof of

an animal; whquan, a fishhook (mukgs,

uhks, uhkas, an awl), ete.; wuttuhquab,

his skin; onkqgunnésog, claws, ete. See
also wehqshik;
kuk, the head; wusstikgun, the tail; kuh-
kuhqueu, uppermost; wnkque, ‘sore’, ex-
treme.

[Quir. matta éakquino, he is without
end, Pier. 15; ceaseth not, ibid. 40.]
uhquée, uhqudéeu, n. the foreskin (pre-
putium), Gen. 17, 11, 23, 24, 26, =uh-
quaeu wadihquab, 2 Sam. 3, 14: quosh-

qussuk mweyaus ut uhqude, he was cir- |

cumcised in the flesh of his foreskin,

wohkuhquoshik; wppuh- |

uhqude, uhquéeu—continued.
Gen. 17, 24; pl. uhquaiyeuash, 1 Sam.
18, 25, =aquaiyeu woduhquabeyeuash,
1 Sam. 18, 27.

uhquan, ukquon, uhquoan, n. a hook,
a fishhook, Job 41, 1; Amos 4, 2; Hab.
1,15 (uhquon, pl.-qudnash, C.159): wey-
ause uhquonash, flesh hooks, Num. 4, 14.
See onkqunnésog.

[Narr. hoquatn, pl. -atinash, R. W.
104. Del. aman, fishhook; hocquoan,
pot hook, Zeisb. Voe. ]

*uhquantamwe, adv. cruelly, C.
uhquanumauonat, vy. t. an. subj. to be
an object of aversion or abhorrence to:

997

ohquanumau, he is loathsome (intran-
sitively), Prov. 13, 5.

Uhquanumonat, ahquan-, dhqudn-,
unkquan-, vy. t. an. to abhor, to hold -
in abhorrence: matta nutihquanumoog,
Twill not abhor them, Ley. 26, 44; nag
nutunkquanunukquog, they abhor me,
Job 380, 10; pish kutihquanumukou, it
shall abhor you, Ley. 26, 30; wutunk-
quanumouh, they abhor him, Proy.

24, 24; yeug pish uhquanumogig, these

you shall have in abomination (shall

be abhorred), Lev. 11, 18. Cf. ahquan-

umau, he forsakes, abandons, and jish-

ontam, he despises, rejects, hates. See
unkque.

Uhquanumukquok, n. an abominable
thing, an abomination, Ley. 20, 13; pl.
unkquenumukqunkish, ‘abominations’,
abominable things, Deut. 32, 16. See
unkquanumoonk, sorrow.

uhqueu.

*uhquompanumoadtuionk,as ady.
‘harshly’, C. 228.

uhquontamauonat, y. t. inan. subj. to.
be abhorrent to, to be an abomination
to: pish they
(inan. ) shall be an abomination to you,
Lev. 11, 11.

fihquontamunat, 6hquanit-, 6h-
quont-, y. t. inan. to abhor, to hold in
abhorrence, to have extreme aversion
to (see ahquanamau, he forsakes): ah-
quontamun, he abhorred it, Deut. 32, 19;
pish kuttihquontamun, you shall abhor
it, Deut. 7, 26 (pish kuttihquontamund-

See unkque.

kutihquontamundoash,

TRUMBULL]

thquontamundat, ete.—continued.
oash, they (inan. ) shall be an abomina-
tion to you, Ley. 11, 11); éhquonittam-
woh, they abhor (it), Ps. 107, 18; th-
quontamog, if you abhor (it), Ley. 26, 15.

uhquosket, unkquasket, -quoshkét,
-keht, n. poison of serpents, Ps. 140, 3;
Deut. 32, 33; poison of arrows, Job 6, 4:
wutonkquosketueuonk, their poison, Ps.
58, 4; unkque unkquoshket, ‘the cruel
venom’ (of asps), Deut. 32, 33.

Uhshudonk, tihsua-, ushuwa-, n. acus- |

tom, Judg. 11, 39; Jer. 32, 11; pl. -on-
gash, Acts 6, 14; 21, 21 (us-huwaonk, an
example, C.116; whshuwaonk, Danforth,
Oggus. Kutt. 52).

uhtappattauinat, to go out (as fire),
to be quenched (see tahtippadtau):
notau matta uhtappattéun, fire is not
quenched, Mark 9, 44; matta woh thtap-
pattauomuk, it shall not be quenched,
Mark 9, 43, 45, 46, 48; matla noh uhtap-
padtabmuna, (it) can not quench (it),
Cant. 8, 7.

thtea: nota vihtea, the fire goes out,
Proy. 26, 20. See onthamundt.

-uhtug, in compound words, for mehtug,
tree, wood.

ukkosue [whq-ussu ?], adj. pertaining to
the organs of generation: ukkosue pom-
puhchaeiyeum, the virile organ, Deut.
23, 1.

ukkosuonk, n. the pudenda, Lev. 18, 7,

See usseonk.

8, 9: ukkésuonganit, ‘by the secrets’,

Deut. 25,11. Perhaps from kezheadnat

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

(to give life to): kezheau, he created |

(Gen. 1, 21), gave life to.
ukkutshaumun, n. lightning, Ex. 19,
16; Ezek. 1, 14; Matt. 24, 27.
[Narr. cutshdusha, R. W. 82. ]
ukkuttuk, (his) knee. See mukkuttuk.
ukoh: nen ukoh, 1 am, Ex.3,14. See ko.
ukquanogquon, n. a rainbow, Rey. 4
4; 10, 1.

ukqunonukquéonk, n. (his) lock of hair:
long lock, Num. 6, 5.
quoau.

ukquttunk, (his) throat.
tunk.

ummdnunnéhtaunnat, y. caus. to ap-
pease, to make calm: wamdnnunnéh-
taun, he appeaseth (strife), Prov. 15, 18.

ummequnne, adj. feathered, Ezek. 39,
17. See méqun.

5)

See qgunénuh-

See mukqut-

169

ummissies, ummissés, n. (his or her)
sister: wmnmissiesin, our sister, Gen. 24,
60; (constr. ) wmmissésoh, his sister, her
sister, Ex. 2, 4; kummissis, thy sister
(father’s daughter), Lev. 18, 11; weesu-
mussoh, (his) younger sister, Judg. 15, 2.
Cf. weetompas, (his) sister, by father or
mother; weetahtu, weetuksquoh, sister.
[Narr. weésummis (and witicks), a sis-
ter, R. W. 45. Muh. nmase, an (my)
elder sister, Edw. 91, = nmees, ibid. 87.
Del. mis, eldest sister, Zeisb. Voc. 5.]
ummittamwussenat, y. i. to take a wife.
ummittamwussoh, n. constr. the wife
of; his wife, Gen. 11, 29.
WUS;
ummittamwussu, he tooka wife, Gen. 25,
1: ummittamwusseheunt (part. ), taking
a wife, Ex. 21, 10; wuske u mmittam-

See mittam-

WUSSO.

wussit, if or when he takes a new wife,
Deut. 24, 5. See weetauomédnat.
ummittamwussuhkauau, he took
wife for (his son, Gen. 38, 6).
*ummugkonaitttionk, n. permission,
C. 203.
*umukquinuminat, to rub, C. 207.
*umukquompae, ady. valiantly, C.
Ct. kénomp; mugquomp.
undantam.
*ungowd-ums (Peq. ), ‘old wives’, Stiles:
Fuligula glacialis Bonap., or long-tailed
duck; old squaw. (Called *hah-ha-way
by the Crees; caccdwee by the Canadians.
Nuttall, p. 45, represents the call of this
duck by the syllables *ogh-ough-egh,
‘ogh-ogh-ogh-ough-egh. Cf. unkque and

a

234.

See andntam.

derivatives.

unkhamunat, y. t. to cover, to put a 5
covering over, or upon, Ezek. 38, 9:
unkhumwog, they covered (the ark), 1
K. 8, 7; ne unkwhuk, for covering, that
which may cover, Hos. 2, 9.
toghamunat; wuttunkhumundt.

unkquamonat, -anat, oncquomonat,
y. i. to suffer pain, to feel pain: wuh-

See put-

hog pish onkquamomo, his body shall
have pain, Job 14, 22; nutongquomom,
I am in pain, I feel pain, Jer. 4, 19;
nutonquomomumun, we are in pain, Is.
26, 18.

[Narr. nchésammam, nchesammattam,
I am in pain, R. W. 156.
dwkoosu, ‘he is sick’; Gawkoohayoo, ‘he
hurteth him’, Howse 79. ]

See kehkechésu, sore.

Cf. Cree

170 BUREAU OF
unkquanum@onk, n.
DO-

sorrow, Job 41,
22; Keel. 1, 18 (onkquanumaonk, Lam.
ibe mae
great extremity, Job 35, 15.
quanumoonk; onkquommommaonk.

mish-unkquomomaonganit, in

See onk-

unkquanumwinneat, y. p. to be grieved
or afflicted, to be in affliction, Is. 14, 3:
nag mishe unkqianuméog, they are in
great affliction, Neh. 1, 3; onkquanum-
wit, when he was in affliction, 2 Chr.
30, 12; caus. an. uhquanumwehednat
(unkg-, onkg-), to cause to be aftlicted,
to afHiet; onkquanumwehit, he afflicts,
makes me afflicted, Is. 58, 5; uhquanuwm-
weheunt, afflicting, making afHicted, Is.
58, 5; wutihque onkquanumiveheuh, he
did grievously afflict her, Is. 9, 1.
tihquanuménat.

See

unkquasket. See vihquosket.

unkque, adj. sore, severe, grievous; ady.
grievously (extremely, = vih-
quae) :unkque kechiswongash, ‘sore boils’,
Job 2, 7; wutihque (wutunkque, Jer. 4,8)
onkquanumweheuh, he did grievously

sorely,

afflict her, Is. 9,1; whqueu, ‘cruel’, rig-
orous, Ex. 6, 9. (Apparently the same
with whqude, ‘at extremity’. Itsderiy-
atives are numerous, and exhibit a
wide range of meaning, everywhere
traceable, however, to this radical sig-
nification. See corresponding words
under uhqude. )

[Cree dwvkoosu, he is sick, Howse 79

pp. 152-1538). Mod. Abn.
bitter, acrid. Del. achewon,
strong, spirituous; achowat, hard, pain-
ful, troublesome, Zeisb. Gr. 167.]

(see also

a-kwan,

unkquenehuwaonk, n. severity, Rom.
ik, 72.

unkqueneunkquok, ohgq-, that which
is grievous, Rey. 16, 2: wnqueneunkquot,
-quodt, it is grievous, Gen. 41, 31; Jer.
30; 12:

unkqueneunkqussue, adj. an. terrible
(in action), Neh. 9, 32;
Cant. 6, 4; kutunkquanuhkausuongash,
thy terrible acts, Ps. 145, 6.

ohqueneunkqus,

unkquenneunkque, adj. grievous, Ex.9,
18, Is. 21, 15; cruel, severe, Prov. 17,
11 (onkqueneunkque, C. 168; wnkquene-
tnkque, terribly, ibid. 230). See unkque.

unkquenneunkquodte, uhqun-, adj.
=unkquenneunkque, Jer. 14, 17; Nah.
3, 6.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

_ unkquenumukqunkish, n. pl. ‘abomi-

nations’, abominable things, Deut. 32,
16. See vhquanumukquok.
unkquontammonk, uhquan-, n. an

abomination, abominable wickedness;
pl. -ongash, 1 K. 14, 24; Deut. 23, 18.
unkquoshket. See wihquosket, poison.
unnag, if it be so: woh unnag, (if it may
be so) ‘if it be possible’, Matt. 26, 39;
Rom. 12,18. See dunag; unnehednat.
unnalinneat: ne wunnegen unnaiinneat,
‘it is good so to be’, i. e. in such a state
or condition, 1 Cor. 7, 26 (unniinat, to
become, C. 181).

niin.

Of. nuttiniin; wuttin-
See unne.

unnaiyeuonk. See tinniyiuonk.
*unnammiyeue (?), adv. inwardly, C.

99a

unnantammonk, n. thought, purpose,
intention, opinion, Deut. 15, 9; Job
42, 2; 1 K. 18, 21; wninanumaonk, Job
12, 5 (anantamooonk, C. 213): nuttenan-
tamoonk, my will; wuttenantamdonk (q.
v.), his will.
[Narr. nteatammowonck, ‘that is my
thought or opinion’, R. W. 65.
unnantamunat, anantamundat, y. t. to
think, 2 Cor. 38, 5; to suppose, 2 Sam.
13, 33; to purpose, to will, to have in
mind (to suppose or imagine, C. 211):
nultenantam, | think, Acts 7, 40; I sup-
pose, Luke 7,43; sun kuttenantam, think-
est thou? Job 35, 2; he
thought, Luke 12,17; he purposed, Acts
19, 21; nuttenantamun, I will (it), Matt.
8, 3; ne unantamup, that which I have
thought, Is. 14, 24 (ne pakodtantamup,
that which I haye purposed, intended,
ibid. ); wnnantamohp, 1 thought, Num.
38, 56; ahque unnantamak, do not (ye)
think, Matt.5, 17; matta ne anantam nen,
qut ken ne anantaman, ‘not as I will, but
as thou wilt’, Matt. 26, 39; yew anana-

unnantam,

tamon, ‘having this confidence’, when
I thought thus, 2 Cor. 1,17; ne anontog,
‘according to his will’ (what he may
will), Dan. 4,
whom he (may) will, John 5, 21; Dan.
Arts

In form this verb is a frequentative
or intensive from antamundt, or anata-
mundt (Narr. ntunndntum or nedntum,
I think; tocketedntam and -tanndntum,
what do you think? R. W. 64). The
latter is not found in Eliot’s transla-

howaneh anantogeh,

See andntam.

TRUMBULL]

unnantamunat, ete.—continued.
tion and perhaps was not in use, but
it serves in forming a great number
of verbs expressing states of the mind,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY I

mental operations, passions and emo-

tions, ete.
of these are the following: ahquoantam-
undt (ahque, not to think of), to for-
give; kodtantamundt (see kod), to de-
sire; matchenantamundt (matchet, had),
to think evil of; mehquantamundt (meh-
qunum, he finds), to remember; mis-
santamundt (missi, much, greatly), to
think much, to meditate; monchanatam-
undt, to be astonished; musquantamu-
nit (musqui, red or bloody), to be an-
gry; he
boasts), to be boastful, to be very glad;
natwontamundl, to devise, to meditate
upon; neuantamundt, to grieve, to be
sorry; onquotantamundt, to recompense,
to avenge; pabahtantamundt ( pabahta-

muskouantamundt (muskdar,

num, he trusts), to trust; pakodtantamu-
nat (paguodche, perhaps), to intend or
have a mind to; peantamundt (pd, let
me), topray; poanatamundt, to bemirth-
ful, to make sport; ftabuttantamundt
(taupi, tapi, sufficient, enough), to be
thankful, to give thanks (to be satisfied
or to haye enough); waantamundt, to be
wise; wannantamundt (wanne, negat. ), to
forget; weekontamundt (weekone, sweet,
pleasant), to be pleased, to be glad;
wuttamantamundt, to be troubled; wun-
nantamundt (wunne, good), to bless.
From the same root appear to be de-
rived the names given by the Indians
to their gods. ‘They do worship two
gods, a good god and an evil god. The
good god they call Tantwn and their evil
god, whom they fear will do them hurt,
they call Squantum.’’—Higginson’s N.
E. Plantation. The latter name, applied
to the same eyil deity who was called
Habbamouk or Hobbamoco (Lechford’s
Pl. Dealing 52), appears to be the con-
tracted 3d pers. sing. indicat. present
of musquantamundt: m squantam, ‘he is
angry’, or literally, ‘bloody-minded’.
The composition of Tantum is less obvi-

ous.

[Nore.—The last paragraph of this defini-
tion is marked ‘‘No” in the margin. It was
probably the compiler’s intention either to
rewrite or to omit it.]

Among the more important |

71

unnantamwe, aij. willingly, Judg. 5, 2;
1 Chr. 29, 6.

unnanumonat, y. t. an. to permit (wn-
nanikkonat, to permit; wranumeh, per-
mit me, C. 203): wnnanumit, if (he)
permit, 1 Cor. 16, 7; wnnantog, if (he)
permit (it), Heb. 6, 3; i. e. if he will.
See wnnantaminat.

unnaunchemomkaonk, aunch-, ni. news,
tidings, 2 Sam. 13, 30; 18, 26; pl.
-ongash, 1 Sam. 11, 6.

unnaunchemomkauonat, aunch-, y. t.
an. to tell news to, to communicate
new information: aunchemokauonat, ‘to
carry tidings to’, 1 Chr. 10, 9;

wunnaunchema-

nutti-
naunchemakauondoh
kauonk, ‘I communicated to them the
gospel’ (i. e. good news), Gal. 2, 2;
aunchemakauonti, let me bear tidings
to (him), 2 Sam. 18,19. V. i.
mokaonat (2), aunchemakaog, they told
the tidings, 1 Sam. 11, 4; pish kut-aun-
chemokom, thou shalt bear tidings,
2 Sam. 18, 20; padaunchemmonit Saul,
when tidings came of Saul, 2 Sam. 4, 4
to tell; nuttindn-
chim, 1 tell; winoowomm, we are told,
C. 213).
nai; unnonat; wunnaunchemmkaonk.

[Narr. aaunchemékaw, tell me your
news; aunchemokauhettittea, let us dis-
course or tell news;
what news? (what tell you?); cuttaun-
chemékous, I will tell you news; cum-
mautaunchemokous, I haye done (tell-
ing) my news, R. W. 62.]

aunche-

(unnonchimwinneat,

See anna; aunchemmkaii; hen-

tocketedunchim,

unne, aune, ane, may have been, origi-
nally, an indeclinable adjective and
adverb, expressing likeness or resem-
blance, the relation of the individual
to its kind, or of species to genus, ete.
(ne tnni, that is proper or right, C. 174;
nenih or sampwi, right, ibid. 174; uttoh
unni, whatmanner, ibid.176; nahnaunne,
ady. especially, ibid. 228; yewunni, thus,
ibid. 234; en unni, Mass. Ps., John 3, 9,
=en nnih, El.); itis not found, however,
in this form in Eliot or the vocabularies,
but is used largely in composition and
as a verb substantive: ne-ane, so, such,
of this or that kind, whence nan and
ne-nan (q. V.), the same; dunag, if it be
so, when it is so; hence, as a noun, an
event, an or

occurrence (possible

172 BUREAU OF

unne, etc.—continued.
actual), that which is or may be so
(see dunag); and with ne, ne dunak, the
color, appearance, or other specific
quality of an object; wnne, ‘that is’,
id est, Rom. 9, 8; wnnaitinneat (q. v.),
for unne-ayinneat, to be so, i. e. of such
kind or condition. or as a
suffix of animate nouns, has the same

-in -en,
meaning, referring an individual to the
species or kind, and constituting nouns
general [?] or appellative [?], as qwut-
taun-oh, his or her daughter, the daugh-
ter of; wut-taun-in, a daughter, any
daughter; wut-taun-éunk (collective),
the daughterhood, or the whole of the
daughters; adchaen, a hunter, i. e. some
particular hunter; adchaen-in, a hunter,

i. e. any hunter, one of the hunter
kind.
unneapeyau. See enneahpeyau, he so-

journs, stays.
unnehenat, unhendt, y. i.
conduct one’s self.
unnehednat, unhednat (neheonat’),
y. t.an.*to conduct one’s self toward or
with respect to another, to act toward,
todo to or deal with: ne anawadt wuttin-

to act, to

heénat ummissinninniimoh, that ‘which
he thought to do unto his people’, Ex.
32, 14; noh nuttinhednat, (what do you
wish) me to do to him? Mark 15, 12;
unncthhuau, he dealeth (treacherously ),
Is. 21, 2; womausuonk ne dnhen, ne pish
kuttinhen, the kindness that I have done
unto thee, that thou shalt do unto me,
Gen. 21, 23; toh kittinhesh, what have I
done (do I) unto thee? 1 K. 19, 20;
matta ne pish kuttinheon, ‘thou shalt not
do so unto’ (God), treat him so, so deal
with him, Deut. 12, 31; ne wnnehe, so
deal (thou) with me, 2 Chr. 2, 3; ne
nuthinheun ne dnhit, IT will do so to him
as he hath done to me (I will do it that
he may have done or may do), Prov.
24, 29; nvittinheonanonut ne anhikqueog,
we to do to him as he hath done to us,
Judg. 15, 11; ne unnehe, so deal thou
with me, 2 Chr. 2, 3 (ne anheop, as I
dealt with (him), ibid.); unnéhik, un-
nehhuk, unneheuk, nag, deal ye with
them, do to them, Gen. 19, 8; Judg. 19,
24; unnéhik nanuk nag, ‘so do ye to
them’, Matt. 7, 12; wussittumdéonk un-

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

unnohkonat, y. t. an. to cas

i

[BULLETIN 25

unneheonat, etc.—continued.
nehenach, let judgment be executed on
him, Ezra 7, 26; matchenehednat, to act
evilly toward, totreat badly: kum...
matchenehennumun, we will deal badly
with thee, Gen. 19,9; kanenehikqun, (he
may) do thee good, Deut. 8, 16. Inan.
uttoh anteunkup, what he did to (it),
Deut. 11, 4.

([Notre.—‘ Is this a verb causative from neane
(nan), with verb subst.? See dunag.’’]
[Del. liho, do it to him; lihineen, do

unto us, Zeisb. Voe. 9, 20.]

*unnehtongquat, n. a story, pl. +-ash,
C. 163.

unnequanumunat (?), v. t. to roll, or
move by rolling (?): unnequanumok,
roll ye (great stones, Josh. 10, 18);
wuttinnequanumun, he rolled (a great
stone, Mark 15, 46).

unneu, adj. an. anyone, =howan (?): toh
pish unne nampohamauau, what shall
one (i. e. anyone) answer? Is. 14, 32
(nen unnuh, I am he, Mass. Ps., John
9,9, =noh neen, El.; tonoh unnuh, where
is he (this man), ibid. y. 12).

*unniinat. See wrnaiinneat.

*unnisstonk, n. a color, C. 163; but
wosketompae unnissuonk, mankind, C.
167.

unnitchuan, y. i. 3d pers. sing. (it) flows
to or toward, Ecel. 1, 7: unnitehuanash
kehtahhannit, they (rivers) flow to the
sea, Eecl. 1, 7. See anitchewan; wuttit-
chuwan.

unniyéuonk, unnai-, n. a matter, affair,
ease, business, Deut. 17, 8: huttinniyeu-
onk, ‘thy matters’, business, 2 Sam.
15, 3; -ongash, 2 Sam. 19, 29; wuttinni-
yeuongash, his business or matters con-
cerning him, his affairs, 2 Chr. 19. 11;
wunnohteae unnaiyeuongash, ‘conditions
of peace’, terms, Luke 14,32; matcheni-
yeuonk, ‘evil case’, bad state of affairs,
Ex. 5, 19 (ponniyeue tinniyeuonk, rude
behayior, manner, way, state, condi-
tion, C. 174; wunnegen unniyeuonk, a
good cause, ibid. 216). From wnnehe-
nat (?).

| unnohkon, -uhkon (?), (it) is cast, is

thrown down, Job 18, 8; Proy. 16, 33.

t down, an.
obj.: wuttinnohkonuh ohkeit, he cast him
down to the ground, Dan. 8, 7 (kup-

TRUMBULL]

unnohkonat—continued.
penuhkoneh, thou castest me down, Ps.
102,10). Cf. n@konénat; penohkénau.

unnohteamunat(?),unnuht-, y. t. inan.
to cast (it) down: unndhteash, cast (it)
down, Ex. 7, 9; kuttinnuhteam, thou
castest it down (to the ground), Ps. 89,
44; unnohteau uppogkomunk, he cast
down his rod, Ex. 7, 10. Cf. nakoné-
nat; penohkonau.

unnohteauénat, y. t. an. and inan. to
cast or throw (an. obj.) to or into: un-
nohtedog nataut, they cast (them) into
the fire, 2 K. 19, 18.

unnomai, a reason, the reason, 1 K. 9,
15 (ennomai, Samp. Quinnup.; wnndm-
mai, ennomaiyeuonk, C. 158).

unnonat, v. t. an. to tell, to say to, 2Sam.
17, 16; Matt. 28, 9.
unnaunchemmkauonat; uttindnat.

See annaw; hennaii;

unnontowdaonk, n. language (in its re-
stricted sense, peculiar to a people or
nation), Gen. 11, 1: kuttme unnonto-
waonk, ‘the voice of speech’, Ezek. 1,
24; kuttinnontowaonk, thy speech (man-
ner of speech), Matt. 26, 73.
unnontukquohwhonat, y. t. an. to owe
to another, to owe (unnohtukquahwhit-
tinneat, to owe (to be in debt); kuttin-
nohtukquahe, lam in your debt, C. 203):
ahque toh unnontukqudwhutteg, ‘owe no
man anything’, do not owe, Rom. 13, 8;
toh kittinnontukquohhuk, how much dost
thou owe to, Luke 16, 5; anuntukquoh-
wonche, one who owes, Matt. 18, 24;
nonamontukquohhawaen, -in, a creditor,
Luke 7, 41. See nanamontukquohwhénat.
unno®hamauonat, v. t. to sing (songs)
to: unnohamak . . . wuske unnwhom-
aonk, sing ye to (him) a new song, Is.
42,10; anwhomont ketohamaongash, he
who sings songs (singing songs) to,
Proy. 25, 20. Cf. ketoahomom.
unn®hamunat (7), y. t. to sing (songs).
See anwhomunat.
unn@homdéonk, n. a song, Is. 42, 10;
Num. 21,17. Cf. ketahomdonk.
unnohqueu, so far distant, at such a
distance, Acts 28, 15 (uttoh unnuhkith-
quat, how tar? C. 228, = Narr. touniick-
quaque, R. W. 74). See nwhqueu.
unno®waonk, n. a commandment.
wuttinn@waonk.

See

NATICK—-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

173

unnowonat, to speak to, to tell, to com-
mand. See anno; nadénat.

unnugkeni, (it is) sharp [speaking (?)]

(of the tongue, Proy. 5, 4). Cf. kénai.

unnuhquainat, vy. i. to look (toward or
at), =nuhquainat, q. v.:
ketahhaniyeu, look toward the sea, 1 K.
18, 43.

unnukquominneat, y. i. to dream, Gen.
41,17; unnukquom, he dreamed, Gen.
41, 1, 5.

unnukquommonk, -muonk, n.adream,
Deut. 13, 1; Dan. 4, 5; 6 (-quamdonk,
C. 163); nuttinnukquomeonk, my dream,
Dan. 4, 7, 8; unnugquoma@onk, Gen. 41,
15.

unnukquomundat, vy. t. to dream: nuttin-
nugquomun, I dreamed (a dream), Gen.
41, 15. Cf. kodtukquom-uwnat, to be
sleepy, C. 209.

unnukquomuwaen, n. one who dreams,
a dreamer, Deut. 13, 1.

unnuhquash

{unJnussu, (he is) shaped or formed,
made like, made such as [unnussu]:
toh unnussu, what form is he of? 1 Sam.
28, 14; matta nowahteaou neanussit, ‘T
could not discern the form thereof’
(an.), Job 4, 16; ne anussit God, in the
form (likeness) of God, Phil. 2, 6; muh-
hogkat nussu, ‘in bodily shape’, Luke 3,

22. See neane; neaunak; nussu.

[un]nussuonk, n. form or shape (of an.
obj.?): wuttinnussuonk, his form, Is. 52,
14; ut nehewonche wuttinnussuonganit, in
his own image, Gen. 1,27. Cf. neaunak.

unuhquainat. See nuhquainat.

*ununanumée, ady. mildly, C. 229.

*ununumauwonate, to give (to), C. 192.
See aninnum.

*uppaquontup (Narr.), the head, R. W.
58; nuppaquéntup, my head, ibid. See
uppuhkuk.

uppasq (?), n. ‘the horse leech’, Proy.
30, 15.

uppeanashkinonog, n. pl. flags, rushes,
Tse 19516:

uppéshau, n.a flower, Ex. 25,33; Job 15,
33; Is. 40,7 (uppéshou, C. 168); pl. uppé-
shauanash, uppishédénash, Ex. 25, 31, 34;
37, 17: sonkin uppishaanish, it bloomed
blossoms, Num. 17,8. From peshauonat,
to blossom; 3d pers. sing. indie. pres.
“it blossoms’; so péshau, a flower, James

174 BUREAU

uppéshau—continued.
1, 10; peshadnash, flowers (without the
prefix), 2 Chr. 4,5. See *peshai, blue.

uppisk, his back: uppisquanit, at his
back, behind him. See muppusk.

uppohchanitch, n. (his) finger, Ex. 8,
19. See pohchanutch.

uppohquoés, obbohquos, n. a tent (awn-
ing or covering), Ex. 40, 19: ne dbuh-
quosik, its covering, Cant. 3, 10; aboh-
quos sokanon, a covert from rain, Is. 4, 6.
See appuhquosu, he covers.

upponat, uppunat, v. t. =apwondt, app-
woundl, to bake or roast. See apposu;
apwou; nadtuppa.

-uppo.

upposu.

uppoteau.

uppounneat, uppwunneat, a radical

See nadtuppo.
See appmsu.
See ahpateau.

verb meaning to feed one’s self, to eat; |
it is not found in Eliot or Cotton, but |

from it many derivatives are made. See
under nadtuppa.

uppuhkuk, n. (his) head, Lev. 1, 4;
Job 41, 7; ‘scalp’, Ps. 68, 21.
puhkuk; *uppaquontup.

uppuhkukmash, n. pl. ‘head
Ezek. 24, 23.

uppuhkukquanitch, (his) finger tip
(finger head), John 16, 24 (nwppooh-
kuhquanitchégat (obj.), my fingers, C.
239).

uppuhkukqut, n. (on his head, ) ‘a hel-

2 9.
3, 23

See mup-

tires’,

met’, Is. 59, 17; Ezek. 27, 10: —— ahtoh- |

tagish, ‘bonnets’, Ex. 28, 40.

uppuminneonash, n. pl. =appiiminnedn-
ash, parched corn.

uppunonneonash, n. pl. parched pulse,
2 Sam. 17, 28.

us, imperat. 2d pers. sing. from ussindt,
say thou: nag us, say to them, Ley. 18, 2;
Zech. 1, 3.

ush, imperat. 2d pers. sing.: ush Pharohut,
‘vet thee to Pharaoh’, Ex. 7, 15.

ushpohteau. See dshpohtag.

ushpuhquainat, aspuhq-, ishpuhq-,
spuhq-, ete., vy. i. to look upward, Ps.
40, 12: spuhqudeu, he looked up, Mark

6, 41; nutushpoqudim, I look up, Ps. 5, 3; |

aspulquait, when he looked (up), Mark
8,24. See nuhquainat; spadtauwompaeu.
ushpunnamunat, ashp-,y. t. to lift up,
to hoist up: ushpunnumwog sepdghunk,
they hoisted up the sail, Acts 27, 40;

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

ushpunnamunat, ete.—continued.
ashpunahettit wunnuppawhunouh, when
they lifted up their wings, Ezek. 10, 16.

[Del. a spe num men, to lift up, Zeisb.

Voce. 38.]

*ushpunnaonk, n. event, C. 166; spun-
naongash, ‘diseases’, Matt. 4, 25.

ushpushenat, ushpenat, y. i. to mount
upward, to lift one’s self up (?): ushpeu,
he went up, Gen. 35, 13; ushpeog, ush-
pushaog, they mount upward(on wings),
Ezek. 10, 19; Is. 40, 31; (in air) John 1,
51; with inan. subj. wsspemo, it was
drawn up, Acts 11, 10; onatuh chik-
kinasog ashpshdhettit, ‘as sparks (when
they) fly upward’, Job 4, 7.

[ Del. aspoch we, ‘ascend, to go up’(?),

Zeisb. Voc. 14.]

ushquehtahwah. See sequftahwhau.

ushquontosinneat (?), to sew: wftache-
yeuo .. . adt ushquontésimuk, ‘a time
to sew’, Ecel. 3, 7 (aséquam, he sews
(it), Mark 2, 21; kutushquam, thou sew-
est up (my iniquities), Job 14,17; ush-
quamtinat monag, ‘to sew one’s clothes’,
C.); matta usquosinoh, (it) was without
seam, John 19, 23,

*us-huwaonk.

uskon.

usphmwdonk, ushphoudonk, spth-
howdonk, n. [a high place (?)] a ref-
uge, 2 Sam. 22, 3; Jer. 16, 19: spvihho-
waonganum, he is a refuge, Ps. 9, 9; us-
puhhowaonganuaash, they (inan.) shall
be a refuge, Num. 35, 15.

uspuhho, ushp-, sp-, v. i. to flee for
refuge: ushpuhhawash ohket, flee thou
away to the land of . . ., Amos 7, 12;
spuhhwwaog, they fled, Josh. 8, 15.

uspthho@wde, sptihhowwde, adj. of
refuge, Num. 35, 11, 12: —— ayeuonk,
place of refuge, Is. 4, 6.

uspunaudnat, ushpun-, aspun-, ash-
pun-, spun-, ushpunat, ete. (1) to
happen unexpectedly, to chance; (2) to
ail or to be ailing; an. subj. toh kutush-
punam, what aileth thee? Judg. 18, 23;
toh kutuspinam, 2 Sam. 14, 5; toh ush-
punaog missinnuog, What aileth the peo-
ple? 1 Sam. 11, 4; tohspinau, what aileth
thee (her?), Gen. 21,17. The forms of
this verb are irregular. It is generally
used intransitively after an animate
subject, which in the English transla-

Cf. aséquam.
See tihshudonk.
See wuskdn.

TRUMBULI.]

uspunauonat, etce.—continued.
tion becomes the object.
the animate form (ushpundnat) is intro-
duced, as in Eccl. 3, 19: ne ashpuna-
hettit. . . wosketompaog, ne wutushpun6-
neau puppinashimwog, pasuk ushpundog
wame, ‘that which befalleth . . . men
[which men may encounter by chance],
befalleth beasts, even one thing befall-
eth them [all] ’; tatuppe uspundog wame,
‘one event happeneth tothemall’, Eccl.
2, 14; nag wame . . . ushpunaog, ‘chance
happeneth to them all’, Ecel. 9, 11; ne
ashpunadt mattamog, ne nutushpinon, ‘as
it happeneth to the fool so it happeneth
to me’, Ecel. 2, 15; tohwutch wame yeu
spunnaog, Why is all this befallen us?
Judg. 6, 13; matia wahtemun uttéh ash-
pina, not knowing what things shall
befall me (may happen to me), Acts 20,
22; shpunnadti toh kod shpunnai, ‘let
come on me what will’, Job 13, 13.
Cf. miskaiiai.
[Narr. tahaspundyi (=toh asp-), what

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 1

co |
Oo

| ussendt, aséndt—continued.

Occasionally |

ails him?; tocketiispanem, what ails you? |

tocketuspunnaimaqin, what hurt hath
he done to you? R. W. 157.]

usquesu wanne teag, he leaves nothing
undone, Josh. 11, 15: woh mo kusséqueus-
sumwo, you should not leave (it) un-
done, Luke 11, 42. Cf. aske, it is raw
(unfinished), and sequnau, he remains.

*usquont, n. a door; pl.—-dmash, C. 161.
See squéntam.

usquontosu. See ushquontésinneat.

usseaen-in, n. a doer, one who does,
James 1, 25.

usséndt, aséndt, v. t. to do, to per-
form, to accomplish, to execute, Ps.

149, 7; Matt. 6, 1; 5, 17: usseu, ussu, he |

does, or did, Esth. 4, 17; Proy. 14, 17;
ne nutussen, ‘that do I’, Rom. 7, 15;
uttsh kodusse matta nutussein, what 1
would (wish to do) that do I not, ibid.;
usseit, usit, aseit, when he does, if he

does, Matt. 7, 24, 26; toh asée, What L |

did (might be doing), Neh. 2, 16; noh
asit, he who performeth, or executeth
(suppos.), Is. 44, 26; Ps. 146, 7; ussish,
do thou, Ex. 20, 9; ne ussek, that do
ye, James 2, 12; (negat.) ussekon, thou
shalt not do, Ex. 20, 10; (pass.) uttoh

aséinit, whatever was done, Gen. 39, 22: |

ne asemuk, what is done, Ecel. 8, 17; pl.

|

usseu.

asemukish, (things) done, Eccl. 8, 16
(nuttissem machuk, 1 commit evil, C.
186).

[Del. liissu, he doth; Tiissi, do it,
Zeisb. Voc. 9. Cree a/checoo, he moves,
has the faculty of moving, Howse 32;
is-puthu, it so moyeth, ibid. 80.]

usseonk, n. doing, dealing, Ps. 7, 16;
an example, C. 166. See vihshudonk.

See usséndt.

ussinat, wussindt, y.

wussinat nashpe wuss

1. to say, to tell:
sselonut, “to pro-
nounce with his lips’, Ley. 5, 4; nussin,
I say, Gal. 1, 9; kussin, thou sayest,
Matt. 27, 11; Mark 15, 2; wussin, he
saith, Zech. 1,3; nussim, if I say, when
I say, Prov. 30, 9; Ps. 78, 2; kussim,
when thou sayest, Job 22, 13; Is. 47, 8;
woh nussim, shall I say? Heb. 11, ore
toh kussimww, what say ye? Matt. 16,
15; uttoh (?), whatever thou
mayest say, Num. 22, 17; us, say thou,
2 Sam. 13,5; nag us,* say thou to them,
tell them, Ley. 18, 2; Zech. 1, 3; nussip,
I said, Eccl. 3,17, 18; 7, 23: (an. ) kutéis-
seh,* thou sayest to me, Ex. 12 (?)
(nissim, I say; nuttinnowap, I said;
teagua kissim, what you say?; nissimun,

Sean

29
39,

We say; nissimunnonup, we said, C. 207;
toh kuttinnowam or kussin, what do you
say? ibid. 217). [The examples marked
with an asterisk are rarely, perhaps not
at all, used except in the indicative,
suppos. present, and imperative; nawo-
nat and annawwonat (unnénat) supply
the other tenses and persons. ] Cf. naé-
nat; uttinénat.

ussinonat (?), v. t. an. =ultindnat, to say
to, to tell: ussegk, tell (you) me, Gen.
24, 49; usseh, tell thou me, 1 Sam. 14,
43. (See examples (*) under ussindt. )

ussish[au]6nat, y. t. to run to, toward,
into: ussishénat, to flee to, Jonah 1, 3;
woh nutussishon, ‘that Lmay run (hasten,
go quickly) to (him)’, 2 K. 4, 22: ussi-
shau, he ran to (them), Gen. 18, 7, (him)
1 Sam. 3, 5; ussishaw wunnogskauoh,
he ran to meet him, Gen. 29, 13; ahadé-
sukque (ahauhsukqueu) ussishaog, they
run to and fro, Joel 2,9; nd ussishash,
“escape (thou) thither’, run to it, Gen.
19, 22; ushshash, flee thou to, Num. 24,
11; ahauhsukque ussishunk, run ye to»

a

176 BUREAU
ussish[au]6nat—continued.
and fro, Jer. 5, 1; 49, 3; na ussishash,
run thou to, ‘escape thither’, Gen. 19,
22; na ussishau, (he) runneth into it,
Proy. 18, 10; kutushishaumwow, ye run
to (it), Hag. 1, 9; nussishaw (nusseu-
ussishauw), he runs alone, 2 Sam. 18, 24,
26; moushauog, they run together to,
Acts 3, ish-
ont), ranning before (another), 2 Sam.
18, 27.
[Cree it-iss’emoo, v. i. he flees, speeds

11; negonshont (negonne-uss

See pomushau.

thither; 7t-Iss’awayoo, y. t. he dispatches
him thither, Howse 172.
ussowenonat, usso-, v. t. an. to name,
or givea name to (an. obj.) ; pass. wsso-
wenittinneat, to be named: wiuttissowenuh
Tsrael, ‘he called his name Israel’, Gen.
35, 10, 18; pish kuttissowen Jesus, ‘thou
shalt call his name Jesus’, Luke 1, 31,
Matt. 1, 21;
they named
thee, Jer. 30, 17; pass. nutussmwenittea-
mun kawesuonk, we are called by thy
name, Jer. 14, 9.
[Cree wéethayoo, he names him,
Howse 46. ]
ussowenonat, y. t. to call by the name
of, to give the name of to (an. and
inan.): ussoweneg, call you me by the
name of, Ruth 1, 20; wssowenau, he called
her name... , Gen. 3, 20. Cf. hettam.
{Narr. tahéna (toh hennaw), what is
his name?; tahossowétam (toh ussoweta-
mun), what is the name of it?; tahétta-
men, What call you this? R. W. 30.]
ussowessu, adj. (is) named, Gen. 27, 36:
toh ussowessu, What is his name? Prov.
30,4. The 3d pers. sing. of an irregular
verb (ussowesitléinal?), to be named or

=woh kuttussmwen Jesus,

nag kuttussowenukquog,

ealled: kuttisowis, kuttisowes, thou art
named, Gen. 17, 5; 35, 10; toh kuttisowis,
what is thy name? Judg. 13,17; aswmwesit,
when he is named, being named, 2 Sam.
13, 1, 3; ussowes, call his name, name
him (?), Hos. 1, 6, 9 (from wssowesed-
nat, v. t. an. (?): ussoweseddg, If you
should call me, Ruth 1, 21).

[Narr. ntissawese, Iam called; tocke-
tussaweéitch (toh kutussowis), what is your
name? ‘‘Obscure and meane persons
amongst them have no names’’, R. W.
29. He gives ‘‘matnowesuénekane, Ihave
no name; nowdnnehick nowésuonck, I

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

}

ussu.

utchuan.

[BULLETIN 25

ussowessu—continued.
have forgot my name, which is common
amongst some of them.’’]
ussmwessenat, y. t. an. to name, or give
a name to (inan. obj.).
tinneat, to be named.
ussmwessenat, y. i. to be called, or to
have the name of: ussowesu Jakob, he
is named Jacob, Gen. 27, 36; pish
kuttissowes A., thy name shall be A.,
Gen. 17, 5; pish kuttissowesu J., thou
shalt be called J., Gen. 35, 10; pish us-
sowesu, hisname shall be called, Is. 9, 6;
kuttussowésinwo, ye are called, or
named, 2 K. 17, 34 (assmwesit, called,
C. 184). Cf. hettam.
ussmwetamunat, usso-, y. t. toname, or
give a name to (inan. obj. ), nominare:
mutussowetamun ne ohke, he called the
name of that place (Peniel) , Gen. 32, 30;
33, 20; ussowetamuk Babel, ‘the name
of it is called Babel’, Gen. 11, 9 (toh
katussowetam table, what you call table?
C. 184).
[Cree weetum, he names or tells it,
Howse 46.]

Pass. ussowenit-

See usséndt.

ut, (1) (-ut) a suffix or inseparable parti-
cle, marking the locative case; (2) prep.
in, at, by: ummayul, in his way, Is.
42, 24; kishke mayut, by the wayside,
Gen. 38, 14, 21; neane mukkies-ut, as
(like to) a little child, Luke 18, 17;
ut Damaskus, at Damascus; ut syna-
gogs, in the synagogues, Acts 9, 19, 20.
The vowel of the locative suffix is vari-
able, as wt otanit, Acts 8, 8; ut kehtah-
hannit, Is. 43, 16; en wekit; en ohkeit
(or ohket); ut manatat, Acts 9, 25; wt
wuhhogkat, Mark 5, 29. See ad.

[Cree ittd, ady. there, thither, Howse

33. ]

See anitchewan; wuttitchuwan,

ete.

*utchukkuppemis, n. cedar (tree), C.

164. See chikkup; *mishqudéwtuck.

utchuwompan [=alche-wompan (?)].

See adchuwompag.

*uttae, ady. woefully, C. 230.

uttinnonauonat, y. t. an. and inan. to

say a thing to, to: tell something to:
wuttinnonneau, they told it to (him),
John 12, 22.

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY Weer

uttinoénat [=unndnat (?)], y. t. an. to
tell, to say to: nuttin, I say to (this
man), Matt. 8, 9; kuttinsh, I say to thee,
John 13, 38 (nissim, I say; nuttinnawap,
I said, C. 207); wuttinuh, he said to him,
John 8, 25; 9, 35 (wuttunuh, Mass. Ps.,
John 3, 4); he said to them, John 8, 39;
wuttinoduh, they said to him, John 8, 25,
39 (wuttonapah, he said unto him, Mass.
Ps., John 3, 2, 3; kuttunush, ‘I say to
thee’, ibid. 3, 5); nuttinonash muttaok,
I say to the world (these things), John
8, 28; kuttinnonnumwa, T say unto you, |
John 13, 20, 21; uwtash, say thou to
(them), Is. 40, 9; yeu kutlinnunnunan,
this we say unto you, Acts 4, 15.

[Narr. téaqua ntinnawen, or ntéawem,

what shall I speak? R. W. 64. Cree
itwayoo, he so says, Howse 42.]

uttiyeu, ady. where (El. Gr. 21): uttiyeu
dne, wherever, Deut. Pash Vie

[Narr. tickiu, tiyu, where, R. W. 49;

tickiu sdchim, where is the sachim?
ibid. 48.]

uttiyeu, ‘pron. interrog. of things’,
which; pl. uttiyeuash (El. Gr. 7) : uttiyeu,
which (who) of these, Luke 22, 24, 27;

|

an. pl. ultiyeug, whom, Luke 6, 13.

uttoh [ui-toh], ady. to what, whereunto,
Matt. 11, 16; whither, Cant. 6, 1: to
what, how: witoh en wunnegen, how
beautiful! ibid. 7, 1; wherein, Gen. 21,
23; how? Job 22, 13 (uttoh missi, how
great, C.171; uttoh unni, what manner;
uttokau asuh matta, whether or no, ibid.;
ultoh unuhktihquat, how far? ibid. 228).
[A curious analogy might be traced be-
tween w-toh and Engl. whi-ther (Old
Germ. hue-dar, Goth. hva-thar; Slay.
kotorii; Sansk. katardé (Bopp. 69, 1-2),
from ka, interrog., and tara; Greek
-Tépos, Lat. terminus, trans, transgredi.
Cf. tat, Bopp. 161.]

[Del. enda, Zeish.]

uttoche, ady. in due season, seasonably,
Ps. 104, 27: wutch uttachéeu kah ah-
quompi, ‘for a season and a time’, Dan.
7, 12; papaume ahhuttarche wayont, at
the time of the going down of the sun,
Josh. 10, 27; né ultoche, as often as,
1 Cor. 11, 25, 26: tohuttoche, how long,
Num. 14, 11. V. subst. ultaacheyeuo,
there is a season, fit time, opportunity,
Heelvon2yoy 4 Of: ahquompi; see ach.

Ww

w’. The inseparable pronoun of the 3d |
pers. sing. and pl. Before w it coalesces
with that letter, and the sound of @ is
substituted. Before a vowel ’¢ or ut is
inserted for euphony, as ohtomp, a bow,
wutohtomp, his how.

wadbe, ady. above, Is. 6, 2; Ex. 40, 19:
wutch waabe, from above, Ps. 78, 23.
Prep. wadbe wussissittonit, above his lip,
or to his lip above (?), Ley. 13, 45.

waabéiyeu, ady. upward, Ezek. 41, 7.

Wwadbenat, waapenat, yv. i. to rise, to go
upward: waabeit, if or when he rises |
up, Job 31, 14; waapin, there arises or
arose (a new king, Ex. 1, 8); wmwaobe- |
naout, infin. 38d pl. (they) to mount
upward, Ezek. 10, 16; with inan. subj.
waabpemauk, waabemouk, when it rises
or mounts upward (as smoke), Is. 9, |
18; Num. 24, 17; na pish waapema,
there (it) shall be raised up, it shall
rise up, Is. 15,5; nippeash waapémaash, |

B. A. E., Buu. 25 12

wedbenat, waapenat—continued.
the waters rise up, Jer. 47, 2 (wussdppi
woppinnok, thin air, C. 176).

waabese, adj. an. above, Ley. 1475; 65 =

wadbeu, wadpu, it ‘raised itself up’,
‘went up’, Dan. 7,5; Gen. 2, 6: (with
an. or inan. subj.) noh waabeit, which
goeth (may go) upward, Ecel. 3, 21
(n@wabeem, I arise, C. 180).

waadjishadt, y. t. to couple, to fasten,
join, unite one thing to another, Ex.
26, 6.

waadjishunk, n. a coupling, joint, Ex.
26, 4 et seq.

waanegugish, pl. precious things. See
waonégugish; wunnegik.

wadntammonk, n. (El. Gr. 10) wisdom,
21Chral tile 12 0 Kaas 29; discretion,
Ps. 112, 5: nowadntamdonk, my wis-
dom, Proy. 5, 1; ouwaantamaonk, his
wisdom, 1 K. 4, 30,

178

waantamundat, y. i. to be wise (conju-
gated in El. Gr. pp. 25-27, as example
of verb subst.) : nowadntam, I am wise;
thou waantam

kowadntam, art wise;

noh, he is wise; waantam, ‘in his right |

Qr

mind’, compos mentis, Luke 8, 35;
waantamwog, they are wise; waantash,
be thou wise; waantaj, let him be wise;
waantamon, When I am wise (or if I am

wise); waantaman, if thou art wise;

waantog, if he be wise; negat. waan-
tamoundt, not to be wise.

waantamwe, adv. (El. Gr. 22) wisely, 2
Chrys?) U2 Provadliiaee:

waantamweyeuonk, pl.
proverb, proverbs, Prov. 1, 1. See nup-

~)

-onganash, a

wodonk; siwgkawaonk; wunnupwoaonk.
waapenat.
wadpenumunat, v. t. to raise up, to lift
up: wadpunum pogkomunk, he lifted up

See wadbenat.

the rod, Ex. 7, 20; waapinuk wuttinnoh-
kou, when he held up his right hand,
Dan. 12, 7.

waapinonat, y. t. an. to raise up, to lift
up, an, obj.: waapin wusken, raise thou
up the lad, Gen. 21, 18.

[Cree 0/opahoo, he raises himself (asa

bird), Howse 84. ]

waapu.

waashanay, y. t. an. he hangs (him):
ne wadashanok, hang ye him thereon,

See wadhbeu.

Esth. 7, 9; mwaashanouh, they hanged
him, Esth. 7, 10; nah mwadshanéuh,
they hanged them, 2 Sam. 21,9. With
inan. obj. wddhshadtéog, they hanged
(it) upon, Ezek. 27, 10; waahshadto ohke,
he hangeth the earth upon (it), Job
26, 7. See kechequabinau.

waashau, woushau, y. i. he hangs, he
is hanging: noh wdéoshau, he who hangs
(on it), Gal. 3, 13; nag woushaog meh-
tugqut, they hang on the tree, Josh. 10,
26; wodshunk, if it hung (on his neck),
Matt. 18, 6, =waashunk, Luke 17, 2;
wohwodhshunk
Ex. 26, 36.

waashpu, waushpu, wowushpu, adj.
an. delicate, effeminate: noh waashpit,
he who is (may be) delicate, effeminate,
Deut. 28, 54,56. See wowushpoonk.

waban, n. wind, Num. 11, 31; 1 K. 18,
45; Ps. 78, 39 (wapan, C. 158); auwépin,

onkwhonk, ‘ hangings ve

the wind ceased; na mo mishaowepin,
there was a great calm, Mark 4, 39.

RUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

waban—continued.

[Narr. watpi, pl. wdupanash; mishdu-
pan, a great wind. ‘‘Some of them ac-
count of seven, some of eight, or nine
[winds]; and in truth, they do...
reckon and observe not only the four,
but the eight cardinal winds’’, ete.,
R.W. 83, 84. Peg. wuttun, wind, Stiles. ]
wabesenat, wabesinneat, y. i. to fear,
to be afraid: wabesu, (he) feareth, is
afraid, Proy. 14, 16 (nowdahes, I am
afraid, or I fear; nawahésumun or nw-
wapantamiimin, we fear, C. 179, 191);
wabesuog, (they) were afraid, Is. 41, 5;
wabsek, fear ve, Ex. 20, 20; ahque wabsek,
fear not, Matt. 14, 27, = wahesehteok, Is.
44, 8.

See quéhtam; qishait.

wabesuonk, n. fear, 2 Cor. 7, 11 (wap-

‘afraid’, .
nunnukqussudn@k.

wabesuontammonk, n. fear, fright (wap-
suontamooonk, ‘afraid’, C. 217).

wabesuontamunat, y. t. to fear or be
afraid of (inan. obj.), Deut. 28, 58; 3d
pers. Mwabesuontamunat, Is. 31, 4. Cf.

suontamooonk, 217). See

quéhtam.

wadchabuk, wadchaubuk, wutchau-
buk, n.a root, Deut. 19,18; Matt. 13, 6;
Rom. 11, 16,18 (wutehdppehk or wottapp,
C. 164); in compound words, -adehau-
buk, -adchabuk. V.
og, they shall take root, Is. 37, 31; nag

subst. unadchabuka-

amwadchabukoog, they have taken root,
Jer. 12, 3; pisl enadchdbukod, it shall
take root, 2 K. 19, 3C.
quom.

{Narr. wattip, a root of tree, R. W.
89. Abn. Sadabi, -dbak, ‘racine i canot’
Mod. Abn. wa-

Del. tschuppic,

See wutchon-

(petites, Sadabisar).
dap, root to sew with.
root, Zeisb. Voc. 12.]
wadchanauonat (?), y. t. to have in keep-
ing, to have possession of (an. obj. ):
wadchanau flocksog, ‘he had possession
of flocks’, Gen. 26, 14. See ohtauundt.
wadchanittuonk, n. (the state of being
kept), salvation, safety, Is. 59, 16.
wadchanonat, v. t. an. to keep (a per-
son or an. obj.), to keep securely, to
protect (conjugated in El. Gr. 28-58):
kawadchansh, | keep thee; nawadcha-
noog, | keep them; nawadchanukquog,
they keep me (I am kept by them);
negat. wadchanounat, not to keep, El.

we

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY We

wadchanonat—continued. | [wadchinat]—continued.
Gr. 58; pass. wadchanittéindt, to be kept: 4, 4; howan wadchegit Godut, ‘whosoever
wadchanoundt, not to be kept, El. Gr. | is born of God’, 1 John 3, 9; 5, 4; noh
62,63; noowadchanit, | am kept; wadcha- | wutchu . . . nish wame, ‘of him [as
nau, he is kept; wadchanoog, they are cause or source] are all things’, Rom.
kept; suppos. wadchanitteaon, when I 11, 36; wutchaiyeumm, it belongs to
am kept; wadchanit noh, when he is (him), in the sense of it proceeds from

kept.
wadchanumunat, vy. t.inan. to keep (it),
to own or possess (conjugated in El.

or is caused by, Ps. 3, 8; menuhkesuonk
wutchaiyeuma Godut, power belongeth
to God, Ps. 62, 11; nuhhogkat wutchai-

Gr. 25, 27); to save, Matt. 18, 11: nw- yeumoash (nish), to me belong (these
wadchanumun, I keep (it); kowadcha- things), Deut. 32, 32; yeush wajehayeri-
numun, thou keepest it; wwadchanum- ugish, ‘these things which concern’
un, he keeps it; kowadchanumumwo, | him, Acts 28, 31; kenaau kochaiimwoo
ye keep it; wadchanumwog, they keep | wutch agwu, neen noochai wohkumaien, ye
it; imperat. wadchanish, keep thou (it); are from beneath, I am from above,
wadchanitch, let him keep (it); wad- John 8, 23. From wutche, ach. CE
chanumuttuh, let us keep; wadchanu- mmundt.
mok, keep ye. Suppos. wadchanumon, [Narr. tunna wutshatock, whence
if Lkeep; wadchanuman, if thou keepest; come they? R. W. 29, and see other ex-
wadchanuk, if he keep (noh wadchanuk, amples under *6teshem. Del. wunds-
he who keeps or possesses; God wad- | chum, -chen, the wind comes from (a
chanuk kesuk kah ohke, God the posses particular quarter), Zeish. Gr. 161, 182:
sor of heaven and earth, Gen. 14, 19, untschihilleu, it comes from (some-
22); wadchanumog, it we keep; wad- where), ibid. 182.]
chanumég, if ye keep; wadchanumahet- wadchu, n. a mountain, Ps. 78, 68: pl.
tit,if they keep. Negat. wadchanumeou- ash, Job 9,5 (wadchit, +-ash, C. 158):
nat, not to keep. mishadchu, a great mountain, Rey. 8, 8;
[Narr. wadchdunama, keep this for misadchu kah wadchu, mountain and
me, R. W. 52.] | hill, Luke 3, 5; wadchuekoniu, ‘in the
wadchanuwaen, -in, n. one who keeps hill country’, Josh. 13, 6.
or saves, a savior, Is. 45, 21. wadchue, adj. mountainous: en wadchue
[Narr. wauchainat, a guardian (of ohkeit, ‘to the hill country’, Luke 1, 39.
a child); pl. wauchaiamachick, R. W. | wadchuemes, n. dim. a hill (small
126. ] mountain), Is. 40, 4; pl. + ash, Is. 42,
wadchaubuk. See wadchdbuk. 15: wadchuwémesash, little hills, Ps,
[wadchinat] vy. i. to come or proceed 114, 4.

out or from: mushonash wutjishaash, wadhuppa[enat]. See wultuhppaLenat].
boats came from (Tiberias), John 6, 23; wadohkinnedt, vy. i. to dwell (in a
otshoh toh kod wutjishont, it ‘bloweth place), to be an inhabitant of, Neh. 11,

where it listeth’, John 3, 8; toh wad-| 2: neg wadohkitcheg, the inhabitants of,
chit, whence he was (might come from Ns they who dwell in (a land, or yuntry ),
Judg. 13, 6 ( wosketomp wachiit Pharis sul, | Gen. 26, 7; Is. 9,2. See wutohkinneat.
‘a man of the Pharisees’, Mass. P -» | wadsh, wadtch, n. a (bird’s) nest, Ps,
John 3,1); ne wadchieh, ‘whence Tam’, | 84, 3; Num. 24, 21: wuteh owadshat,
John 7, 28; noh wajehayeuut Godut, ‘he | from her nest, Prov. 27, 8.

which is of God’, John 6, 46; neg wad- | [Del. wach schie chey, Zeisb. Voc. 31.]
chiitcheg Christ, ‘they that are Christ’s’, | wadtan, wodtan, n. the rump, Ley. 3,
Gal. 5, 24; nish wutchiyeuash Jehovah, WR 1h ae (sh Cf. wuttunkin(onat), to

these things ‘are the Lord’s’, Deut. 10, bend a bow.
14; ne . . . wtcheun mittamwossiss-oh, wadtauatonkqussuonk, n. ( the making

(of) ‘that made he a woman’,i.e.that a sound, ) the voice, Is. 40, 6: mwadt-,
he from-ed a woman, Gen. 2, 22; wajhet his voice, Is. 42, 2; -uog, they make

mittamwossissit, ‘born of a woman’, Gal. a noise (of the sea), Is. 17, 12; (of

180 BUREAU
wadtauatonkqussuonk—continued.
wheels), Ezek. 3, 13; wuttawatonkqussue
wusseetash, the sound of her feet, 1 K.
14,165 2K. (6;
wadtauatonkqussuonk, a dreadful sound,
Job 15, 21.
wadtaumddgish, things which belong
to, have influence on, or concern, Luke
19, 42: ne wodtawmaunag wuhhogkat,
that which does not concern himself,
Proy. 26, 17. Cf. pissawmatéonk.
wadtch.
wadtonkgs. See adtonkgs.
wadtutchuan. See wuttitchuwan.
waeenodtumunat, waeenot-, y. t. inan.
obj. to praise or commend: waeenod-
twmwog, they praise (it), Ps. 89,5; wae-
enodtumwehettich, let them praise (it),
Ps. 148, 5; 149, 3; waeenotum magugish,

29.

32; unkqueneunkquodte

See wadsh.

2

‘it boasteth great things’, James 3, 5.

With an. obj. waeenotumaunnog nag, ‘1
boast of you to them’, 2 Cor. 9, 2
(double transitive form); kawoweend-
tumauonimwa, we commend (her) to

you, Rom. 16, 1. See waéendmonat.

waéenémonat, y. t. an. to praise, to |

commend, 1 Pet. 2, 14; freq. woweenomo-
nat; waeenomak, praise ye (him), Ps.
150, 1, 2, 3; waeenomonch, let him praise
(him), Ps. 150, 6; qwoweenomduh, (they )
commended her, Gen. 12, 14; mwowee-
nomuh, he approved him, Acts 2, 22;
waeenomau wuhhogkuh, he praises him-
self, Ps. 36, 2; waeenomont wuhhogkuh,
‘boasting himself’, Proy. 25, 14.
wdadunobnuhkaudnat.

waéenu, adj. and ady. round about, Ex.
Bis Bie eDIKee 2os lever.
ne wekgshik waeenu, on the edge of it
round about, Ezek. 438, 13; wéénu, Gen.
31, 8 (waene, wewine, prep. about, C.
225, 234).
weenusheau.

waheonat, y. t.an. to know (a person, or
an. obj.), to recognize: waheau, he knew
(them), Gen. 42, 8; waheuh, he knoweth,
or knew, them, Ps. 138, 6; Gen. 42, 7;
neen nawdeh, | know him, John 7, 29;
Gen. 18, 19; matta pasuk nowaheoh, I
do not know one, Is. 44, 8; k@wihush,
I know thee, Gen. 12, 11; Ex. 1s
kawahéimua, ye know me, John 7, 28;
noh matta wahhedog, ye (may ) not know
him, ibid. (kawahhish, I know thee;

See

See wayedag; weenuhkaudnat;

99
Ov,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| wahednat—continued.

nowaeh noh, | know him; nawahedog,
I know them, C. 196, 197. Cotton
gives two pages to the conjugation of
the several forms of wahednat, wahteou-
tinal, wahteauwaheonat, ete. ).

[Narr. mdtta nowdiavone, matta no-
wahea, | knew nothing, R. W. 51 (ef.
matta nowahheoh, ‘I know not’, Gen.
4,9). Del. no woa huk, he knows me,
Zeisb. |

wahheonk, n. knowledge (of persons),
Phil. 3, 8.

wahheuunat, y. i. to be known (by
others), John 7, 4: waheoneau, he is
known, Proy. 31, 23.

wahsukeh. See wasiukeh.

wahteauonk. See wahteonk.

wahteauunat, vy. t. inan. to know or
have knowledge of, to understand,
Ecel. 1,17; 7, 25 (-owwnat, C.); ‘to per-
ceive’, Deut. 29, 4: wahteouun[at] wane-
gik kah machuk, knowing (to know)
good and evil, Gen. 3, 5; wahteou, he
knoweth, understandeth (it), 1 Chr.
28, 9 (-au, Ps. 104, 19); suppos. noh
wautog, he that understandeth (y. i.),
Proy. 8, 9; matta wahteauou, he does
not know (it), John 15, 15; kawah-
teduunneau, ye know it, John 7, 28 (nag
wahteoog, they know, C. 196); kawahteoh
wultahhcowoash, thou knowest their
hearts, 1 K. 8, 39; na@wahteouun, I know
it, Gen. 48, 19; kawahteoun, thou know-
est it, Rev. 7, 14; ne wahteouwn, this
thing is known, Ex. 2, 14; wahteunk,
knowing, when he knew, Mark 5, 30,
33; wahteaush, know thou, Dan. 3, 18
(nauwiiteo, I know, I understand; nawd-
teomun, we know; wahteoutinat, to know;

wahtouish, know thou; noh wahteditch,
let him know, C. 196).

[Narr. nowaritam, I understand; co-
wdautam, you understand [thou under-
standest]; cowdwtam tawhitche nippee-
yatmen, do you know why I come? R.
W. 31.)

wahteauwaheonat, y. t. an. (caus.) to
make one’s self known to (another):
wahteauwaheont, making himself known
to (them), Gen. 45, 1; nen pish nowdah-
teauwah, I will make myself known to
him, Num. 12, 6 (wahteawwah, make
him to know, C. 196).

TRUMBULL]

wahteauwahuonat, vy. t. inan. (caus. ) to
make a thing known to, Is. 64, 2; Rom.
9, 22 (pish wahteawwahuau, he shall
make it known, Is. 38, 19): nowahteau-
wahikqun, he made (it) known to me,
Eph. 3, 3; wame nish kowahteauwahun-
undoash, | make all these things known
to you, John 15, 15.
wahteonk, wahteauonk, n. knowledge,
2 Chr. 1,11, 12; Is. 40, 14; 44, 19; 1 Cor.
850:
waiyont, sun-setting.
waj, wajeh [=wutch, wutche], for, be-
cause of, Proy. 17, 14: yew wajeh, for
this cause, John 12,18; newajeh, there-
fore (for that cause), John 12, 17, 19, 21,
=newaj, John 13, 31; newutche yeu wa),
‘for, for this cause’, ete., Rom. 13, 6
(ne waj, for which cause, C. 234; wa),
conj. for, ibid.). See wutche.
wame, wamu, adv. all, wholly (El. Gr.
21), full (wameyeue, usually, C. 230);
with v. subst. wamut, there is enough,
sufficient, Gen. 45, 28; Ex. 9, 28; Matt.
6, 34: nowameil, I have enough, there
is enough for me, Gen. 33, 11; inan. pl.
wamutash, sufficient, Ex. 36, 7; ohke
wamut, there is land enough, Gen. 34,
21; wamoék, womohk, when or if it is
enough, if it suffice, 1 K. 20, 10; dnue
ne woh adt womohk, more than (when
it was) enough, Ex. 36, 5; wamach, let
it suffice, Deut. 3, 26; wamatitch, let
them suffice, be sufficient, Deut. 33, 7;
wamenau, he has enough; matta pish

See wayont.

wamenau, he has not enough, is not
satisfied, Ecel. 1,8; nmwamanittamumun,
it sufficeth us, we have enough, John
14, 8. Cf. tdpi (tabach, let it suffice,
Ezek. 44, 6). See pohshe.

[Narr. watiinet tatipi, it is enough,
RWiswoos Alpne égSami, tout entiére-
ment, Rasles 552. Del. wemi, all, Zeisb.
Gr. 178.]

wamepwunneat, y. i. to be full, to have
enough of food, to fill one’s self, Luke
15, 16: wamepah, he is satisfied, Is. 44,
16; wamepmog, they are satisfied, are
filled, Deut. 14, 29; Mark 8, 8; wame-
pop, (she) was sufficed, had enough to
eat, Ruth 2, 14; matta pish kowamepaom-
wo, ye shall not be satisfied, Lev. 26, 26;
neg woh mo wamepagig, they which can
neyer have enough, Is. 56, 11; wamep-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 1

(0.6)

wamepwunneat—continued.
wean, wamepoan, When thou art full,
Deut. 8, 10, 12.
[ Narr. have enough;
cowdump, have you enough? R. W. 36.]
wamesashquish (?), n. the ‘swallow’,
Proy. 26, 2. See mameesashques.
wamunat, womunat.

go.

See nadtuppo.

nowdump, I

See mmunidt, to

wanahchikomuk [wanashque-komuk], n-
a chimney, Hos. 13,3 (wunnachkémmuk,
C. 161).

(Narr. wunnauchicémock, R. W. 51.]

wanantamitnat, y. t. inan. to forget a
thing or inan. obj. (@uwuwnanatamundt,
Heb. 6, 10): [nw]wandntam, I forget,
Ps. 102, 4; wandntam, he forgets, James

1, 24; wunanatamwog, they forget, Ps.
78, 11; ahque wunantash, do not (thou)
forget, Deut. 9, 7; Proy. 4, 5; nukkod-
wunantam, L will (wish to) forget, Job
9,27 (nw@wdnantam, I forget, C. 192).

wanantamwaheonat, vy. t. an. and inan.
caus. to cause (him) to forget (it), Jer.
23, 27 kenau,

make or cause us to forget you, C. 192).

(wanantamwahhinnean

wandnumonat, vy. t. an. to forget a per-
son or an. obj.: nawandnum, I forget;
kowandnum, thou forgettest, Hos. 4, 6;
woh she may forget
them, Is. 49,15; wananwmunon, if I for-
get thee, Ps. 137, 5; neg. ahque wanan-
um, do not (thou) forget, Ps. 10,12; Proy.
3, 1; wananumoncheg, they who forget.
(him), Ps. 9, 17; nawandnumukquog, I
am forgotten (they forget me), Ps.
3l, 12.

wanashque, wunnash-, wannasq-,
prep. on the top of, Gen. 28, 18: wan-
ashque wutanwohhou, on the top of his
staff, Heb. 11, 21; (of the scepter, ) Esth.
5, 2; wannasque appuonganit, the top of
the throne, 1 K. 10, 19; wanashquompsk-
qut (objective), ‘the top of a rock’,
Ezek. 26, 14. (Rasles gives to the cor-
responding Abnaki word a more ex-
tended meaning: SanaskSi8i, Sanasksi-
remask&k, le bout, au bout; SanaskSittan,
le bout du néz, ete.) See wunnash.

wanashquodtinno@gish, n. pl. mountain
tops, Ezek. 6, 13; Gen. 8, 5: suppos.

muwandnumouh,

wanashquodtinnu wadchuut, (when) on
the top of the mountain, Ezek. 43, 12.

182 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

wanashquonk, n. the top (le bout); the | wannonau, n. (his) cheek, Lam. 3, 30:

top of the bough (tree), Is. 17, 6.

waneemsquag [wunne-misqui ?], crim-
son (cloth), Jer. 4, 30.

wanegik. See wunne; wunnegik.

wannantamoe, -@e, forgetful, James 1,
25. See wandntamindt.

wannasque. See wanashque.

wanne, without, destitute of (strictly, it
is an indeclinable adjective meaning
none, not any; as an adverb it ex-
presses exclusion, loss, or destitution,
and is occasionally used by Eliot for
direct negation): matta wanne wutashe,
wanne wutokase, without father, without
mother, Heb. 7,3; wanne wahtede, with-
out knowledge, Job 35, 35; wanne oh-
tana, there shall be none, Ex. 16, 26;
wanne kutahtoou, thou hast not, Jer. 30,
13; wanne nippeno, there was no water
in it (it was without water), Gen. 37, 24;
wanne nushehteaen ahtoou, no murderer
hath, ete., 1 John 3, 15; wanne kutchoh-
kesu, there is no spot in thee, Cant. 4,
7; wanne howane, there was no one (left
alive), Num. 21, 35. Cf. howan; unne;
-O-.

wannehheonat, wanheonat, y. t. an.
to lose (a person or an. obj.): nawan-
heomp nunneechanog, | have lost my
children, Is. 49, 29; part. wanneheont,
losing, he who loses, Luke 15, 4; Matt.
16, 26; mahche wannehheont, atter thou
hast lost, having lost, Is. 49, 20; matta
pasuk nowanheoh, I have lost none,
John 18, 9; ne wanheonche, that which
(an. ) was lost, Luke 15, 4; but noh wan-
heogkup, who was lost (pass.), v. 6.

[Cree wiinne hayoo, Howse 41.]

wannehteauunat, wanteauundat (-un-
neat), vy. t. to lose, inan. obj., or in-
trans. to be deprived of, to be without:
ne wanteauomp, that which I lost, Luke
15, 9; matta pish wanneteauou, he shall
not lose (it), Acts 27, 22; pish mwan-
teoun, owanteauun, he shall lose it, Matt.
10, 39; 16, 25; Mark 8, 35; wannehteunk,
wanteunk, if he lose, losing, Matt. 10,
39; Luke 13, 8; pass. ne wanteamuk,
that which is lost, Matt. 18, 11; -émuk,
Lev. 6, 3.

(Cree winnetou, Howse 41.]
wannonkwmomk. See wunnonkwok.

pl. wamn@ash, his cheeks, Cant. 5, 13;
konnanauash, thy cheeks, Cant. 1, 10.
See mananau (m nanan).
wanonkquae, wannonkou, adv. in the
evening, yesterday. See wunnonkquée.
wanontowagk, -magk, n. music, Dan.
Bhiah fim, UO.
wanonuhk@waeu, wawunonuk@ae,
ady. by flattery, Dan. 11, 32, 34. See
papannowau; waunonuhkaudnat.
wanteauunadt. See wannehteauundt.
waompog: quenau waompog, ‘in the
(morning) twilight’, 2 K. 7, 7.
waonat. See waudnat.
waonégugish, waonegigish, wdane-,
n. pl. precious things, Gen. 24, 53;
Deut: 335-13; 14. Prov. 24. 4) See
wunnegik; ct. wayedag-ish, rings.
waonit, if he go astray. See waudnat.
waont, sun-setting. See wayont.
*wapantamunat, to hasten: nwwdipdn-
tam, I am in haste, C. 193.
*wapunnukquas, n. the swallow, Mass.
Ps., Ps. 84, 3, = mameesashques (q. v.),

El.

_ wapwékan, n. the fin of a fish: wapweé-

kanitcheg, pl. having fins, Lev. 11, 9;
Deut. 4, 9.

*wasaquananétick, n. a light or candle,
C. 161. See wéquananteg.

wasenumonche, n.amother-in-law, hus-
band’s or wife’s mother, Ruth 1, 14;
Matt. 10, 35.

wasénumukqutche, n. a son-in-law,
daughter’s husband, Judg. 15, 6. See

wussénumonat.
[Narr. nosénemuck, he is my son-in-

law, R. W. 124.]

| wasit (condit. part.). See wussue, ‘seeth-

ing’.
*waskeke ( Narr. ), whalebone, R.W. 103.
Cf. wuskén.

wassabbe. See wossabpe, thin.

_wasukeh, wahsukeh, wessukeh, n.

(construct. ) the husband of, (her) hus-
band, Num. 30,7; Deut. 25,3; Rom. 7, 3
(wasitkkien, wastkkien, ahusband, C.161,
171): pish ken wessuke, thou shalt be her
husband, Deut. 21, 13; naswk, my hus-
band, Gen. 29, 32; kasuk, thy husband,
Gen. 3, 16; kahsukowoog, your hus-
bands, Eph. 5, 24; wasukkoouh (obj.),
to their husbands, ibid.; noh waohsuk-

TRUMBULI]

wasukeh, etc.—continued.

kiit, she who hath a husband, Rom.
7, 2 [noh asikkauau, he whom she fol-
lows after?]; collect. owessukkiinneunk,
all husbands, collectively, Eph. 5, 25.
See wussukeh.

[Narr. wdsick, an husband, R. W. 44.
Peq. nehyushamug, my husband, Stiles. j

*watamwe, ady. knowingly, C. 228.
*watoncks (Narr.), a cousin, R. W. 45.
See adtonkqs.
*wattdp (Narr.),aroot. See wadchdbuk.
waunonuhkauonat, y. t. an. to flatter
(waunonuhkowonat, C. 192): noh wdau-
nénukumént, he who speaketh flattery,
Job 17, 5 (nowauwiinonukowam, I flat-
ter, C. 191). See papannowau. Ct.
waéenomonat.
*waudmpeg. See *woimpain.
wauodnat, wddnat, wauwodinat, vy. i.
to go astray, to go out of the way: nw-
auwéin, I have gone astray, Ps. 119,
176; onatuh sheepsut wadnit, as a lost
sheep (as a sheep when it goes astray),
ibid.; wéonu, he goes astray, Proy.5, 23;
woonuog, they go astray, Ps. 58, 3 [ne-
pauz mata pish wayaum, the sun shall
not go down, Is. 60, 20 (?)]; no wdénit
wutch mayut, he who wandereth (if he
wander) out of the way, Proy. 21, 16;
wauonit, going astray (if he go astray),
Deut. 22, 1; Matt. 18, 12; neg wauon-
itcheg (obj.), they who go astray, Matt.
18, 12 (wdwonchik (as adj. ); wandering,
C. 176; wawonntiog, they wander; nw-
woowon, wander, ibid. 214). From
and auénat.

See nanwiyeu; wayont.
[Cree wiinnissu, he errs; wimnnesin,
he loses himself, goes astray, Howse
81.]
*wauodntam (Narr.), n. a wise man or
counselor; pl. waudntakick, wise men,
R. W. 120. See waantamiindt.

wauontamauonat, y. t. an. and inan. to
bear witness of, or testify of (it) to
(persons): nwwauontamau, I testify of
... to... Rev. 22, 18; kwwauonta-
munkquneau, he testifies of (these
things) to you, Rey. 22, 16.

wauontamunat, v. t. to testify of (inan.
obj. ): nowaiwadntamun, I testify of it,
John 7, 7.

waushpu. See waashpu.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY i

| waussummu6nat, y. t. an. to worship,

1 Sam. 1, 3. See wowussumdnat.

waussumoncheg. See wowussumoncheg.

*Wautacone (Narr.), Englishman; pl.
Waritacontiaog, ‘that is, coat-men, or
clothed (Watdéhk@nog, Englishmen,
‘such as wear coats’, C.169): Woautacén-
isk, an English woman; Wautaconémese,
an English youth, R. W.65. From wut-
tunkum, he covers with (it). Other
names given to the English were:
Awaunagress (for -gus?), pl. -suek, ‘Sas
much as to say, these strangers’? ; Chau-
quaquock, knife-men, sword-men, R. W.
51, 65. See *awdiin. Morton (N. E.
Canaan, 3, 5) says: ‘‘The Salvages of
the Massachusets . . . did eall the
English planters Wotawquenange
[-auge], which in their language signi-
fieth stabbers or cut-throates”’.... ‘‘A
southerly Indian that understood Eng-
lish well . . . calling us by the name
of Wotoquansawge, what that doth sig-
nifie, hee said hee was not able by any
demonstration to expresse.”’

[Del. wtak ho hen

Zeisb. ]

wautjishaut (?): wutche wautjishaut, ‘for
the joinings’, 1 Chr. 22, 3.

*wautuiiques (Narr.), ‘the coney’ (mis-
printed ‘conck’ in the reprint). ‘‘They
have a reverend esteeme of this crea-
ture, and conceive there is some Deitie
in it.’’—R. W. 95, 96. Josselyn ( Voy-
ages, pp. 82, 85) calls it the sgunek, q. v.

wauwaen, n. one who witnesses or tes-
tifies, a witness, 1 Pet. 5, 1; wawwaénin,

sin, to cover,

Prov. 14, 5 (wdwaénin, a witness, C.
157).

wauwaonk, n. testimony, witness, 1 John
Dy de Ts? Wl9! 20:

wauwoOinat.

wauw0nat, wauwaonat, y. i. to bear
witness, to testify (of), John 1, 7,9: (y.t.
an.) ne mwduwon, that which he testi-

See wauonat.

fies of or to, John 3, 32; wauwau, he
testifies, Heb. 7, 17;
tify, Gal. 5, 3; Eph. 4, 7; nmwauwonan,
we do testify, 1 John 4, 14; nag wau-
wacheg, they who bear witness, 1 John
5, 7, 8; wauwon, if I testify, Acts 20, 24;
wauwonaj, let it be a witness, let it tes-
tify, Gen. 31, 44; wauwémoud), let it be
a witness, y. 52; nish wauwaondgish, the

nowauwon, I tes-

184 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25.

wauwo0nat, wauwaonat—continued.
things which I testify to you, Deut. 32,
46.

*wauwonntonk, n. wandering, or going
astray, C. 214. See waudnat.

*wawamek, n. adress, C. 160.

waweenwhatuonk, n. ‘strife’, Prov. 15,
18.

wawunonukmae. See wandnuhkmwaeu.

*wawwhunnekestog (Narr.), pl. mack- |

erel, R. W. 103 [wunnogkesu, he is fat,
well-bodied].

wayedag-ish, wayedagish, wohway-,
Nn. ple rings aE xs9, LOsliee20uale mks
waéenu, round about; woweaushin,a wind-
ing about; waonégugish, precious things.

wayont, waont (part. of waudnat), sun-
setting, Gen. 15, 12; Mark 1, 32; Ley.

or

, 7: papaume ahhuttaache wayont, ‘at

the time of the going down of the |

sun’, Josh. 10, 27 (oowayaonk nepaz, sun
setting, C. 164); wayau, it was sunset,
Gen. 28, 11; thesun went down, 2 Sam.
2, 24; ash waaongkup, before (it was)
sunset, ‘before the sun went down’,
Judg. 14, 18.
[Narr. wayadwi, the sun is set, R. W.

67. Peq. weyhan, ‘moon’, Stiles. ]

weachimineash. See weatchiminneash.

weanun, weanin, n. a burden, Ps. 38, 4;
Ts. 30, 27: Mweanun, his burden, Num.
4,19; pl. weanunash, Gen. 49, 14; ko-
weannuinna@ash, your burdens, Deut. 1,
12; Gal. 6,2. From waéenu, (wrapped )
about (?).

weassunonat (?), y. i. to bear burdens;
weassukeg, pl. neg weassukeg, they who
bear burdens, Neh. 4, 10 (weasukeg, y.
17); mweassundoont, (they) to bear bur-
dens, 2 Chr. 2, 2.

[Del. wi waschin, to carry a load,

Zeisb. Voce. 33.]

weatchimin, n. corn(in the field), stand-
ing grain, Deut. 23, 25.

weatchiminneash, weachimineash, n.
pl. grain, corn (generically), Gen. 27,
28; Lev. 2, 14 (eachimmineach, -eash,
C.): appésuash weatchiminneash, (con-
tract.) appuminnéonash, parched corn,
1 Sam. 17, 17; 25, 18, =uppashquassue
weatchiminneash, Ley. 23, 14; munne-
quomunneash, green ears of corn, Ley.
2, 14; munnequomin, growing corn, Hos.
14,7; missunkquaminneash, missuhk, (dry

| weatchiminneash, ete.—continued.
| or ripe) ears of corn, Gen. 41, 5; mis-
sunkquamunnémesash (dimin.), thin or
blasted ears, Gen. 41, 6; nukkénumin-
neash, old corn, Josh. 5, 11,12. [Cf. Tupi
ubatim, viba-lim, uba-tim, avaty, avatyi
| (ui, uf, vi, flour, ‘farinha’), which Von
Martius (Wortersamml. Brasil. Spra-
chen, 427) derives from viba, ‘gramen’
and tim, ‘nasutum’ (tim= fructus, Calli-
| nago; limit, ‘comida’, ‘sustento’, ‘ali-

mento’, Seixas), or from viba-tuiima,
“gramen medullosum’; Omaguas dialect
and Oyambi (of Cayenne), auaty, abaty;
Cocomas, awate (Castelnau); Caraib
avachit, aoachy, goaxi (Callinago) ; Caya-
pos, muschivi; Araich, metschy (ef. mee-
chu?); Chieriabis, notsche; Taino (Yu-
catan), mahiz, mayz; Maya, yxim; Tecu-
na, schiauii, Von Martius, 1. c.; Corapd
dialect, tschumnam.] See meechu, he
eats; min, a fruit.

(Narr. ewdchim[i]neash, corn (i. e.
| Indian corn, maize); scannémeneash,
| seed corn, R. W. 91; accoquiss, Indian
| corn, Stiles. Peq. wewaiitehemins, In-
| dian corn, Stiles. ]
weatchiminneohtek (-teuk), n. a field

of corn, ‘standing corn’, Deut. 23, 25.
*wéawhush (Narr. ), v. imperat. ‘take it

on your back’, R. W. 51, =nidutash,

ibid. See weassunénat.
webe, ady. only, Gen. 18, 27; Num. 4, 9:

mata ne webe, not only so, Rom. 5, 3;
| webe kenaau, you yourselves apart (you
| only), Mark 6, 31; ken webe nussu, thou

only, 2 K.19,19; matla howan. . . webe

| nen, there is no one besides me, Is.

43, 11; webe noh adtumunuk, (no one

knoweth) ‘saving he that receiveth it’,

Rev. 2,17. See wépe.

[Peq. wepe, but (=qut, El.), Mayhew,

| Lord’s Prayer. ]

| webequshonat, y. t. an. to fear, Deut.
10,12. See qishaii; wabesendt.

webesuonk. See wabesuonk, fear.

*wechékum (Narr.), the sea, R. W. 98.
See kehtoh; pummoh.

weechaudnat, wechdonat, y. t. an.
to accompany, to go with: wechau, go
thou with him, Matt. 5,41; wmweechauwoh,
he went with them, Acts 10, 23; amwee-
chauouh, they went with him, ibid.
(= aweechogquoh (?), Acts 20,4); wee-

TRUMBULL]

weechauonat, wechadnat—continued.
chaiean, if thou go with me, Judg. 4, 8;
kowechaush, 1 go with thee, v. 9; wee-
chauau, he went with (him), ibid.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

[Narr. cowéchaush, I will go with you; |

cowéchaw ewo, he will go with you;
wechauatittea, let us accompany (go to-
gether), R. W. 73.]

weeche, prep. with, in company with
(a person, or an. obj.), Ex. 23, 1; Job
1, 4: koweeche waomseumsh, | go down
with thee, Gen. 46,4; noh weechiyeumuk,
he was with me, Neh. 4,18. Cf. nashpe,
with (inan. obj. ).

[Del. witschi, Zeisb. ]

weechinnineummoncheg, n. pl. one’s |

family or company, Ley. 25, 10. See
teashiyeuoonk.

week. See wih.

weekinashq. See wekinasq.

weekittamun [neat (?) ], v. i. to dwell in
tents or houses; wweekittamunnaout, Ps.
78, 55. See wekinnedt.

weekittéinat, y. i. to build a house (for |

one’s self?), to pitch one’s tent: wekit-
teau, she builds her house, Proy. 14, 1;
he pitched his tent, Gen. 31, 25; waoche
wekitteau, he began to build, 2 Chr. 3, 2;
wekitteaog, they pitched their tents, Gen.
31, 25; matta pish wekitteamog, they shall
not build houses, Is. 65, 22; wekitteagh,
build ye the house, Hag. 1, 8; weekikash
[for wekitteash (?)], build thee a house,
1K. 2, 36. See adtannegen.

*weekohquat, fair weather, C. 158.
wunnohquadt.

weékomonat. See wehkoménat.

weekon, wekon, adj. sweet, Prov. 20,
17; 27, 7; Rev. 10, 9; pl. +-ash, Prov.
16, 24. (Strictly, perhaps, verb impers.
‘it is sweet’, ‘they are sweet’. )

[Del. win gan, sweet; win gal, tasting
good; win gi, gladly, Zeisb. Voc. 12.]
weekontamoonk, n. pleasure, gladness,

Eccl. 2, 1; 2 Sam. 6, 12; 1 Chr. 16, 27;
joy, Proy. 14, 10; delight, Proy. 15, 8
(wekontammonk, gladness; taphettaonk,
cheerfulness, C. 193).
weekontamunat [=wekon (unn) antam-
unat], v. i. to be glad, to rejoice, to

™M

ee

185-

weekontamunat—continued.
glad, Ps. 16, 9; pass. form with inan.
subj. wekontammma, (it) rejoices, is
made glad, ibid.; wekontash, rejoice
thou, be glad, Joel 2, 21; wekontamak,
kah ahche muskouantamak, rejoice (ye)
and be exceeding glad, Matt. 5, 12.
See *wussekitteahhudnat.
[Narr. nowecéntam, Iam glad, R. W.
65. Abn. n8ighinamen, je le trouve
agréable, 4 mon gré; nSigaiidam, je le
veux. Del. winginamen, to be pleased
with; wingelendam, to love or be pleased
with something, Zeisb. Gr. 179.]
weekontamwae, -we, adj. and ady.
glad, joyful, merry, Num. 10, 10; Esth.
5,9; Proy. 15, 15; 16, 24 (wekontamée,
willingly; matwekontamwe, unwillingly,
C. 230).
weekshik.
weematoh, n. (his) brother; constr. the
brother of, Gen. 25, 26; Acts 12, 2;
Mark 3, 17: némat, my brother, Acts 9,
17; kemat, thy brother, Gen. 27, 35;
neematog, ny brethren, Matt. 12,
kematog, thy brethren, Luke 18, 20;

See wehqshik.

wematog, his brethren, ibid. y. 19;
kemattowoog, your brethren, Num. 32,

6; kematow (vy. subst.), (I am) your
brother, Gen. 45, 4.
weetuksquoh.

weemattinneunk, n. collect. the breth-
ren, the brotherhood, Acts 10, 23; 1 Pet.
Zreliie

See weetompas;

| ween, wéin, n. the marrow, Job 21, 24;

be pleased, Eccl. 3, 12; 8, 15 (C. 192; |

to be willing, ibid. 215): nawekontam,
I am glad, Ps. 9, 2;

=

wekontam, he is

PrOVe 3, 95, 1S: 2D; 165) Heb. 4, 12:
[Abn. sin, Rasles.]
weenan, his tongue. See ménan.
weenohke, n. a graye, Prov. 30, 16; Hos.
13, 14: woskeche weenohket, on her grave,
Gen. 35, 20; the
grave is my house, Job 17,13. [waéen-
ohke, earth all around (?); waéenu-ohke,
the winding up place(?).]

weenohkeyeuw nek,

weenominneash [wenomis-minneash,
vine-fruit], n. pl. grapes, Lev. 19, 10;
Matt. 7, 16: weenom, a grape, Is. 18, 5.
(Narr. wendmeneash, grapes, R. W.
91.]
weenomis, n. a vine, Ezek. 15, 2, = wee-
nomesippog, Ps. 128, 3.
roundabout (?).

From waéenu..

186 BUREAU OF

weenomwussipog, -mesippag, n. a
vine, Ps. 80, 8; pl. + wash, Ps. 105, 33
(lit. vine leaves: wenomis-wunnepog, the
vine in leaf).

weenont, n. raven, Ley. 11, 15 (but
‘kite’, Deut. 14, 13): kutchikkonkont,
‘raven’, Deut. 14, 14; qussukquanush,
‘kite’, Ley. 11, 14. Cf. konkont.

weenshoénat, weenshauodnat, y. t.
beg, to ask alms (from), Luke 16, 3:
weenshau, he was begging, Mark 10, 46;

AMERICAN

to |

he begged (bread), Ps. 37, 25; wenshau- |

nitch, let them beg, Ps. 109, 10. See
wenshamauonat.

wéeenu.

weenuhkauonat, y. t. an.:
waog neg, they encamp round about

them, Ps. 34,7; ayeuuhkone weenuhkok,

See waéenu.
weenuhkau-

camp ye round about against (it), Jer.
50, 29. See waéenu.
weenuhkomumunéat, y. t. inan. to camp
round about (it), to besiege, to com-
pass: muweenuhkomun, he besieged it,

2 K.17,5; weénuhkomak otan, ‘compass
ye the city’, Josh. 6, 7.
weenusheau, -shau, y. i. it goeth

around, ‘compasseth’ (of a boundary
line), Josh. 18, 14; 19, 14: pemunneat
weenisheau, a line compasses it about,
2 Chr. 4, 2.
weenuwasog, n. pl. onions, Num. 11, 5.
[Mod. Abn. wi-noz, onion, K. A.
Del. wi nun schi, and w lee pen, Zeisb.
Voce. ]
weenwee.
weepam6oe, wepamuwaonk.
der wehpamonat.
weepit, (his) tooth. See mépit.
[Narr. wépit, pl.+-teash, R. W. 59.]
weepwoiyeu-ut, ‘in the passage’ (be-
tween two places), 1 Sam. 13, 25.
weequau, (his) thigh.
wees, weis, n. fat, Lev. 9,10, 20: mweis,
its fat, Gen. 45, 18. Asadj. wehsue, fat,
Zech. 11, 16. From weyaus (?).
wunnogque.
(Del. wis, (he is) fat, fleshy, Zeisb.
Voe. 13; wil su, fat meat, ibid. 12.]

See waéenu.

See wenwe.
See un-

See mehquau.

See

weesadtippogquosh, n. pl. bitter
herbs, Ex. 12, 8; Num. 9, 11. See
wunnepog.

weesaushfonk, wesdshaonk, n. a pes-
tilential or infectious disease, the pesti-
lence, Ps. 78, 50; a fever, Mark 1, 31;

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

weesaushaonk, etc.—continued.

John 4, 52: weesdshau, she was sick of

a fever, Matt. 8, 14; Mark 1, 30. Cf.

enninnedonk.
[Narr. wesauashationck, the plague;

wesausashatimitch, the great plague,
R. W. 157.]

weeshitton, n.(mouth-hair, ) the beard,
Ps. 133, Is. 15, 2: kaweeshittounit, on
thy beard, Ezek. 5, 1; pl. (often used
for the sing.) +-ash, Ley. 19, 27; Is. 7,
20.

oO.

ro)

weéshquabashin (?), n. a pool of water,
Ex. 7, 19 (only).
weesée, adj. yellow, Ley. 13, 30, 32.
weeswe, the gall.
[Narr. wesaui, R. W. Del. wisaweii,
y. adj. it is yellow, Zeisb. Gr. 164.]
weesogkinmonk, n. bitterness, Proy. 17,

20.

Cf.

See wesogkon.
weesoshaonk.
tilence.

See weesaushdonk, pes-

| weesquapinneat, Mweesquabinneat,

y. i. to wrap one’s self up: mweesquapin,
she wrapped herself, Gen. 38, 14; a@wees-
t.), he wraps it up, Mic.
7, 3; an. obj. wwishquanuh, she wrapped
him (in it), Luke 2, 7; weesquabesu, it is
wrapped up (in a cloth), 1 Sam. 21, 9;
suppos. inan. weesquabesik, (when) ‘it
was bound up with’, Gen. 44, 30; wees-
quabenau, he bindeth up (the waters
in the clouds), Job 26, 8. Cf. Cree
waska, around; ne wdskanen, | surround,
inclose (it), Howse 34.

[ Narr. wesquaubenan, to wrap up body
for the grave, R. W. 161.]

quabinun (v.

| weesumussoh, n. (constr.) the younger

of sons or daughters, (his or her)
younger brother or sister, Gen. 19,
31, 38: mohtommegit,
‘the first born’, ‘his younger
brother’, Gen. 48, 18, 19; younger sis-
ter, Judg. 15, 2.

su; weetuksquoh.

wesumussoh,

See muttdsons; peissis-

weeswe, n. the gall, Deut. 29, 18; Ps. 69,
21: naweeswe, my gall, Job 16,13. Cf.
wesogkon, bitter; weesde, yellow. (Cf.
also Sax. ge-alewe, yellow; gealla, gall;
Greek yod?, bile; yAdn, xyAoa, green-
ish yellow; Arab. murr and sé’uda,
bile; murr, bitter; dgfer (fem. ¢dafra),
yellow. )

TRUMBULL]

weetahtu, n. a sister or half-sister, Lev. |
20, 17; 21, 3; John 11, 5 (strictly, one
of the same household or family, a
near relative). (netukkusg, my sister, |
Luke 10, 40.)
pas; weetuksquoh.

[Narr. wéticks, weésummis, a sister,

R. W. 45.]

weetateamung-anin, n. a neighbor,
Proy. 27, 10; Jer. 6, 21: ketatteamung,
thy neighbor, Ex. 20, 16, 17; weetattea- |
mung, his neighbor, Ex. 12, 4; pl.-+og, |
Luke 14, 12 (nehtohteamonk, my neigh- |
bor, C. Math., Notit. Ind. 54). |
tohtimoin; wutéhtu.

weetauadteaen, -in, n. a bride, Jer. 16,
9; Joel 2, 16; Rev. 22, 17.
tamwden.

weetaudmog (suppos. pres. Ist and 3d
pers. sing. ‘if I marry her’,) n. a be-
trothed one, ‘spouse’, Cant. 4, 9, 10, 11.

weetauomonat, y. t. an. to take a wife
or husband, to marry, Matt. 19, 10
(wetouadtinnate, to be married, C. 201):
wéetobmau, he took (her) to wife, Ex.
2,1; noh wetauwadteadt, he who is (when

=i

See ummissies; weetom- |

See wu-

Cf. wessen-

he is) married, 1 Cor. 7, 33; wetawad-
if thou marry, 1 Cor. 7, 28; |
muweetauomouh, ‘they had her to wife’,
married her, Mark 12, 23;
noh wetauomomp sephausuaenin, a widow
who had priest (for husband),
Ezek. 44, wetauomont, he or she
marrying, Rom. 7, 3 (nw@wetauattam, I
(a woman) am married; nwmmittum-
wussissu, | (aman)am married, C. 201).
Cf. wmmittamwussenat.
weetauomwaheonat, vy. t. an. to cause
to marry, to give in marriage: weetauam-
waheau, he gave (her) to (him) as a
wife, Ex. 2, 21.
*weetauoog, they live together, Ind.
Laws, x1rr, 10.
[ Del. witeii, he goes with (somebody ),
Zeisb. Gr. 83; witawema, he stays with
him, Zeisb. Voc. 60; witawwemuk, he is
with me, ibid. ]
weetemungquot, -quok (suppos.), n. |
perfume, Prov. 27, 9
wetimunkqut, a sweet smell, C. 163).
weetomonat, weto-, y. t. an. to dwell
with (to live in the house with), Judg.
17, 11; to be ‘present with’, 2 Cor. 5, 8:
weetomeh, dwell thou with me, Judg. 17, |

teaan,

s. sekousq

a
99.

a2;

See paswauwatiog.

(wechimaquat,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

187

weetomonat, etc.—continued.
10; nwweetom, I dwell with, Proy. 8, 12;
Num. 34; abide
with the king, 2 Sam. 15, 19; weetomau,
she dwelt with (her), Ruth 2, 23;
@mweetomouh, they dwelt with him, 1

30, weetom kitassot,

Sam. 22, 4; matta woh noweet6mukouh,
he shall not dwell in my house, Ps.
LOM ie
[Cree wéegee-mayoo, he lives with him,
Howse 43. ]
weetomp-ain [weetu-omp(?)],n.a friend,
XseOO HEM EON MLL; 2a) Os an KIS
man: neetomp, my friend, Is. 41, 8;
Luke 11, 6; kétomp, thy friend, 2 Chr.
20, 7; neetompaog, my friends, Cant. 5, 1;
my kinsmen, Ps. 38, 11; Luke 14, 12.
Ct. wuttinnunkuméin, a kinsman.
weetompas, weetompassu (constr.),
n. (his or her) brother or sister, the
brother or sister of: weetompas, my
sister, Gen. 20, 12; 2 Sam. 13, 6; Mark
3, 35; my brother, 2 Sam. 13, 12; kee-
tompas (két-), thy sister (father’s or
mother’s daughter), Ley. 18, 9; thy
brother, 2 Sam. 13, 20; weetompasu, his
or her sister, 2 Sam. 13, 2; Ezek. 16, 45;
his or her brother, 2 Sam. 13, 8, 10, 20;
netukkusq, my sister, Luke 10, 40 (wetom-
Cf. wn-

Cf. weechauédnat.

pasin, asister (ornetat), C. 162).
missies; weematoh; weetahtu.

[Narr. wéticks, weésummis, R. W. 45.]

weetomukqutch, n. a companion, Judg.
14, 20. Cf. nohténuk-
qus.

weetuksquoh, n. (constr.) the sister of,
his or her sister, John 11, 1 (qwetuk-
kushquoh, Luke 10, 39):
sister, Luke 10,40. Like weetahtu, it is
not restricted in its application to a
sister of the whole blood, or uterine,
but signifies any near kinswoman or
female inmate of the house. From wet-
aht-squa. See weetahtu.

It is not certain that Eliot correctly
employed or himself understood the
various terms employed to express the
relationship between male and female
offspring of the same parents or parent.
In the Gospel of St John, published
with the Psalter (1709), the terms
brother and sister are rendered as fol-
lows: wematoh, his brother, John 11, 41
(so Eliot); wetahtuoh, her brother, John

From weetomonat.

netukkusq, my

188 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY IPERS 2

weetuksquoh—continued.

11, 2 (wunnohténukqussoh, Eliot); we- |

tahtuoh, his sisters, John 11, 3 (weesu-
misoh, Eliot); wetahtu, the sister of
(him), John 11, 39 (so Eliot); wetukish-
quoh, her sister, John 11, 1; 28, 5 (wee-
tuksquoh, weetdhtu, Eliot). So, whenthe
speaker is a female, netaht, my brother
(nohtonukqus; netukkusq, my sister,
Eliot), John 11, 21; Luke 10, 40.

weewees, n. the screech-owl, Is. 34, 14.
See kahkokhaus.

*weéwo (Narr. ),a wife; noweéwo, my wife
(=nummittamus), R. W.44. See mittam-
wus; mittamwussu.

(Del. wi wu, he is married; wi wall,
his wife, Zeisb. ]

*wehkoméonk, vbl. n. (a) calling, C. 182,
184.

wehkomonat, weék-, wék-, vy. t. an. to
eall to, to call, Matt. 9, 13: wehkomau

weckomau, he called (him or them), Ex. |

24,16; 1 Sam. 13, 17; monchish wehkom
kahsuk, go call thy husband, John 4, 16;
kawehkomunumuop, I have called you,
Prov. 1, 24; kowehkomunup, I called
thee, Num. 24, 10; mwehkomuh, he called
her, 2 K. 4, 36; kawehkomeh, thou didst
call me, 1 Sam. 3, 5,8; awékomuh nah-
hog, he called them to him, Acts 20, 1;
wehkomont ( part.), calling, Is. 41,2. See
wehquetumonat, to call upon, to ask.

[Narr. wécum, call (thou), R. W. 49.]

wehpamonat, vy. t. an. to lie with, as
man with woman, to have sexual con-
nection with; with prefix of Ist pers.
naowehpamonat, 2 Sam. 11, 11: a@weh-
pomuh, -pamuh, he lay with her, ibid.
11, 4; 18, 14; kawehpamsh, lie with me,
ibid. 13, 11; wehpamont, lying with,
Deut. 22, 23, 25. From waapendt, to
mount up, or (with inan. subj.) waa-
pemam. See neesin-wog.

[Del. wipentin, v. recipr. (and wipen-
gen, wipenditam), to lie or sleep with
each other, Zeisb. Gr. 133, 184.]

wéhpepétu, he is lame (from birth, Acts
3, 2): wéhwheepétu, he is a cripple, Acts
14, 8. See nwchumwi.

wehpumonat. See wepumauonat.

wehqsheau, v. t. inan. it reaches to, ends
at:
Josh. 19, 11; weekshin, it reaches to,
ends at, Zech. 14, 5.

wehgqshik, week-, wek-, n. the end, the
utmost limit, 1 K. 6, 24; Ps. 19, 6; ‘the
uttermost part’, 2 K. 7, 5: ne wekgshik
| waeenu, its edge round about, Ezek.
43, 18; wehqshik ohke, weekqshinne ohke,
‘the ends of the earth’, Deut. 33,17; Is.
40, 28; 41,9. See pomushau, he walks;
| wohkéeu, at the side or sides; uhqude, at
the point or extremity of.
wehquanunkg, n. the stump (of a tree),
Dan. 4, 15, 23; wehquanunkquame, of the-
| stump, vy. 26.
| wehquau. See mehquau, the thigh.
wehque, prep. as far as, 1 Sam. 3, 20; Ex.
| 23, 31; ‘even unto’, 1 K. 12, 30: wutch
wehque, from... to; beginning
from. . . ending at. Cf. nahqueu; wh-
quae; wohkoeu.
[Narr. yo wéque, thus far, R. W. 55.]

wehquetumonat, y. t. to call upon, to
| ask for (an. and inan.): kowehquetu-
munk (-uk) keteaonk, he asked life of
| thee, Ps. 21, 4; kawehquetumoush, I
pray thee, Gen. 38, 25; nawehquetu-
munk, he shall call upon me (i. e. for
help), Ps. 91, 15; wehquetwmau, call
thou upon (him), Jonah 1, 6; wehque-
tumah, call thou upon me, ask (it) of
me, 2 Chr. 1, 7; Ps. 2, 8; 50; 15; ne
wehquetumauadt, that which thou (may
have) asked him for, 1 Sam. 1,17; wame
ne waj wehquetumunkquean, all which
they (may) call upon thee for, 1 K. 8,
52; kowéquetummauunup, I haye called
on thee, Ps. 17, 6 (kawequetummdush,
I beseech you, C. 182). Cf. natwtomaii,
he questions (him). See wehkoménat;
wequtteammndat.

wehquétumoonk, n. [asking for,] a re-
quest, supplication, 1 K. 8, 52; 1 Sam.
1, 27.

wehquetumunat, y. t. to ask for, to call
for or upon, inan. obj.: wehquetum, he-
asked for (it), Judg. 5, 25; nowehque-
tum, I call upon, ask for, Deut. 4, 26;
nowehquetumun, I called on (his name ),
Ps. 116, 4; kawehquetum ne siohkok, thou
askest a hard thing, 2 K. 2, 10; wehque-
tug, wehquetuk, if he ask for (it), Matt.
7, 8; wehquetush, ask thou, 1 K. 3, 5;

sepuut, it reaches to the river, | wehquetumak, ask ye, Matt. 7,7 (wequt-

teamtinat, to call; wequttinneat, to be=
called, C. 182).

TRUMBULL]

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

189

wéhquog, suppos. blunt: imissehchuog | wekinneadt—continued.

wéhquog, iron when it is blunt, Ecel. 10,
10.

[Del. wiquon, (it is) blunt, not sharp,
Zeisb. Gr. 167.]

*wehquohke [wehque-ohke], the end of
the earth (‘uttermost part’), Mass.
Ps., Ps. 2, 8. See wéhkéeu.

wehquoshauonat, vy. t. to go as far as:
wehquoshdog, they went as far as, Acts
itil, 10).

wehsue (?), adj. fat, Zech. 11, 16.
wees, Wunnogque.

wehtauog, (his) ear. See méhtduog.

wéhwepétu, he is lame (from birth,
Acts 3, 2): wéhwheepétu, he is a cripple,
Acts 14, 8. See nachumwesu.

-wéin. See ween.

weis. See wees.

wek, week, n.

See

(his) house, tent, or

dwelling, Ex. 20, 17; Prov. 14, 11: ne |

ponamum week, he pitched his tent
there, Gen. 12, 8; ayimun wetu, he built
a house, 1 K. 6, 9. See wétu.
[Del. wi kit, his house; wik he, to
build a house; wi quoam, house, Zeisb. ]
wekinasq, weekinashgq, n. a reed, Is.
42, 3; (sugar) cane, Is. 48, 24: pl.
--uash, reeds, Is. 19, 6. Cf. mishashq.
Perhaps from wék and ashq (méoskeht),
house grass, with which the roofs of
the wigwams were filled in or coyered.
“Their houses are very little and
homely, being made with small poles
pricked into the ground and so bended
and fastened at the tops, and on the
sides they are matted with boughs and
covered on the roof with sedge and old
mats.’’—Higginson’s N. E. Plantation,
ch.12. ‘‘The meaner sort of wigwams

kind of bulrush.’’—Gookin, 1 Mass.
Hist. Coll. 1, 149.

[Narr. wékinash, reed; pl. -+ quash,
R. W. 90.)

*wekineatiquat (Narr.), fair weather:
wekinnduquocks, when it is fair weather,
R.
wekeneankquat, warm weather, C. 158).
See *dnndhquat; wunnohquodt.

wekinneat, y. i. to occupy or live in a
house, tent, or other dwelling place,
Proy. 21, 9: na weekean, when ye dwell
therein, Deut. 8, 12.
[neat].

See weekittamun

[Narr. tuckowékin, where dwell you?

R. W. 29. Cree wégeemayou, he tenteth
with him, Howse 22.

*weki-tippocat (Narr.), ‘it is a warm
night’, R. W.

wekitteaonk, n. a building, 2 Cor. 5, 1.

*wekohtea (?), as interj. ‘O brave’, C.
234.

wékomonat. See wehkomoénat.
wekon. See weekon.
*wekonche, ady. commonly, C. 227.

[Quir. wegonje, ‘often’, Pier. 5.]
wekshik. See wehgshik.
wekuhkauonat, wekuhk6nat, vy. t. an.

to build a house for (another person,
ete.), 2 Chr. 2, 3; 6, 7; or, asin Gen.
33, 17, wekikauau, ‘he made booths for
(cattle)’: wekuhkon, he went on build-
ing, Neh. 4, 18; wekuhkau, build the
house for (of the Lord), 1 Chr. 22, 11;
noh pish nowekekunk, he who shall build
me a house, ibid. v. 10; kawekekauu-
nunnanonut, to build thee a house, ibid.
29; 16.
wematin, n. appel. a brother, 1 Cor. 5,
11; Mark 13, 12 (oowemdttin, C. 162).
See weetuksquoh.
[Narr. wematittuock, ‘they are broth-
ers’, R. W. 45.]
wenauwetu [wunne-wétu?], adj. an. (is
or was) rich, 2 Sam. 12, 1; pl. +g,
Ruth 3, 10 (wunne wétu, a good house,
C. 170): wenauwetuen, -in (indef. and
general), any rich man, Proy. 28, 11.
“A winnaytue, that is a rich man, or

a man of estimation, next in degree
to a sachem or sagamore.’’—Morton’s
N. E. Canaan, ch. 19. Cf. wunneetu--.

: _ | wenauwetuonk, n. riches, Proy. 30, 8.
are covered with mats they make of a |

*weénise (Narr. ), an old woman; pl. weni-
suck, R. W. 44.
wenom-in (?), n. a grape: seane wenom,
the sour grape, Is. 18, 5.
(Del. (?) wi na min, it is ripe, Zeisb.
Voe. J

See kehchisqua.

See min.

W. 81 (weekdhquat, fair weather; | Wenshaen, n. a beggar, one who begs,

Luke 16, 20, 22; obj. wenshaénuh, 1 Sam.
Ok

wenshamauonat, y. t. to ask (alms)
from, (an. and inan.) to ask for (alms):
mwenshamuh ne teaguas, he asked an
alms (something) from them, Acts 3, 3.
See weenshdonat.

190 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

wenwe, weenwee, n. (his) navel, Job | wequash, n. the swan, Ley. 11, 18.
40, 16: kénwe, keenwe, thy navel, Cant. [Narr. wéquash, pl.+duog; and wém-
7,2; Ezek. 16,4. See menwee (m’ndée?). patuck, pl. +-quduog, R. W. 86.)

*wenyegh (Narr.), woman, Stiles; (Peq.) | *wequdéshim (Narr.), moonlight, R. W.
nehyewgh, my wife, ibid. 68. See wequai.

wepamme, wepamue, adj. of genera- wequtteamunat (=welquelumundt), wé-
tion: wuskannem, semen virile, qutteamauonat (=wehquetumaudnat),
Ley. 15, 16, 17, 18. wéqutteam@m (=weliguetumau), v. i.

wepamuwaonk. See weepaiioe. she calleth, ‘crieth’, Proy. 8, 3: wehqut-

*wepe (occurs in chap. xxit of Roger teamweon, when I called, Is. 65, 12 (na-
Williams’ Key, prefixed to an accusa- wegtitteam, L call, C. 183; nawequtteamu-
tion, judgment, or sentence, or ad- min, we call, ibid. 184). See wehkomé-
dressed toa delinquent): wepe kunnish- | nat,

atmis, you killed him; wepe kukkemin- | *wequttinneat, to be called, ©. 184
| , to 2 » Ce :

*wesattimis, red oak: wesokkiink, oak
| wood, C. 164. See *paugdutemisk.

eantin, youare the murderer; wepe cuk-
kiimmoot, you have stole, ete., 121, 122;

5 ; it ne WAME, .om- | , . e -
ecg aK wepe waime, Gee m *wesattippog, bitter water, C. 168.
ands Q 7 repen De p : me
cad a as Bes re ae x | weshaganash, wishagkinish, n. pl.
: SUE es Rear : airs on the body or limbs of man or
oe eny , Mass:-Ps., Ps. 2) 12). isee 1 the body ifboat f
ue _ ; antes | animals, Ex. 35, 23; Is. 7, 20; Mark
. wepe =gqut, El.), Exp. : : ag
4 [ _ epee (=¢ » EXp.| 1° 6: Matt. 3, 4 (cf. ‘meesunk). Adj.
pee Rates APIA Lah | ici A a
Mayhew, Lord’s rayer. ] p | @weshaginnie, hairy, 2 K. 1, 8; pl.
se eres ee wa ae | weshakinniimash, Gen. 27,23. V. subst.
ate:, iv. it. eat with share a 3 s
nat, ete , V. t. to eat wit USS) SONS oweshaganu, he was hairy, Gen. 27, 11
meal with: wehpumop, he did eat with (ukkeeshde moskg, a hairy bear, C. 171;
(them), Gal. 2,12; pish kowepimimwa, from kushki, rough?). [Mr Pickering
ye shall eat with me, 1 Sam. 9,19; yeush | os; lax Fl G eG Gea A unvee =
’ 5 SR in index to Kl. Gr. gives “‘weshagan,
woh noweepemukquog, they shall ‘dine’ | hair of animals.’ The meaning can

not be thus restricted, as will be seen
from the above examples. It is com-
pounded from and hog, body, or
hogka, it clothes, covers the body, as
| weeshittaon from toon, mouth.] See wish-

with me, Gen. 43, 16; kawehpumopan- |
neg, thou didst eat with them, Acts |
11, 3 (wehpittittuk, let us eat together, |
Exp. Mayhew).

[Del. wipantin (recipr.), to eat with
each other, Zeisb. Gr. 133.

wepumawdaonk, n. carnal connection i é : "
P u Perio | *wésheck (Narr.), n. the hair, R. W.

(natural or unnatural), Ley. 18, 28. ae iat : :
58. (Cf. Eth. sha-ky, hair-cloth; Sax.

wequai, n. light, Gen. 1, 4; Zech. 14, 6, ees '
ia = Ss one sceacga, hair, shag.
7; John 1, 5, 8: wequaiaj, let there be | Seed a ees

: : : 5 | . See wuske, young oW.
light, let light be; mé wequai, there was | preebe: ce eget ae

licht, Gen. 1. 3 | *wéskunck (Narr.), a pounding mortar,
A ’ Chi. 1, oO. 5
i . Pei RaW On Seatccouhuhoni:

[Narr. wequdi, light; wequdshim | i R. W oo See eee i a
(dimin.?), moonlight, R. W. 68.] | wesog eye) ac We vitter soi alle
wéqudnanteg, n. ‘candle’, Proy. 31, 18; | wesogkon, adj. bitter, Prov. 27, 7; Rev.

s hs ’ Oe Oy

: ea Sse || 0,10. S eesogki >, bitterness
lamp, light, Gen. 15, 17; Ex. 27, 20; | 10; NMS PSE LIE OUT AEs los NONSSNS
3 Cf. weeswe, gall.

shuwussuonk.

Ley. 24, 2: chagohtag, a burning 2 ; ee
lamp, Gen. 15, 17; wequdnantegash, [Del. wi sach can, Zeisb. Voc. 33. ]
chikohtaash, lamps burned, Rey. 4, 5 | *wesokkunk, oak wood, C. 164. See we-
(wasdquondnétick, a light or candle; we- sattimis.
quandnetekonnauhtuk, a candlestick, C. ({Del. wisachgak, black oak, Zeisb. ]
161). The word ‘torch’ is transferred | *wesomkuh, interj. ah! (of sorrow?), C.
by Eliot without translation, as in Zech. 234.
12:56; wesOdshdonk. See weesaushdonk.

[Narr. wequanantig, a candle or light; | *wesquaubenan (Narr.), to wrap up a
pl.tanash; wékinan, ‘a light fire’, body for the grave, R. W. 161. See
k. W. 48.] weesquapinnedt.

TRUMBULI] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 191

wessentamwédaen, -in, n. a bridegroom,
Jer. 16, 9. See wussentamuden.

wessukeh. See wasukeh, her husband.

wésuonk, mwe-, n. a name, Gen. 11, 4
(=Narr. wésuonck, R. W. 29): nowésu-
onk, my name, Is. 42, 8; kawesuonk,
thy name, Gen. 12,2. From wussin(?).
See ussowessu.

*wesuonkanehkonat, toname: nmwesu-
onkanehkéntam, I name, C. 202.

wetahtuoh. See weetuksquoh.

*wetapimmin (Narr.), to sit down: we-
tapwduwwas, sit and talk with us, R. W.
64 (taipowaw, a wise speaker, ibid.;
oweetappemo, he sat down with them,
Luke 22, 55).

[Cree wéetuppee-mayoo, ‘he sits with
him, co-sits him’, Howse 43. Del.
witep, ‘to go with’, Zeisb. Gr. 183;
witachpin, ‘to live, dwell with’, ibid.
184. ]

wetauadteacheg, pl. the married, they
who are married, 1 Cor. 7, 10.

wetauadtuonk, ybl. n. marrying, mar-
riage.

wetaudkon[at] (?), v. t. to be married,
to marry, 1 Cor. 7, 9 (wetouakdnate, to
be married, C. 201).

wetauwadteog, wetauad-, -teaog,
vy. i. (?) they marry (one another),
Matt. 30; Luke 20, 35 (=wetatein
[there is marrying (?)], Mark 12,
1oTims 5s 11)

[Narr. awetawdtuock, ‘they make a
match’ (marry), R. W. 124, = wussenet-
tock (see *wusséntam). Del. witawentin,
y. recipr. to live or dwell with each
other, Zeisb. Gr. 133; to work together,
ibid. 183.]

wétu, n. a house (El. Gr. 11), tent, Ps.
78, 60: neek (nék), my house; keek, thy
house; week, his house; neekun, our
house; keekou, your house; weekou, their

house; pl. wetuomash, houses, Ley. 25,
31; kekmoash, your houses, Neh. 4, 14,
nékinonash, our houses, Neh. 5, 3; nekit,
in my house; ‘‘weekuwout or wekwwo-
mut, in his house. Hence we corrupt
this word wiguam”’ (El. Gr.11); weetu
ne weetimut, ‘a tent to dwell in’, Is. 40,

2)

(Narr. wétu, R. W. 28; wetuémuck néte-
shem, I came from the house, ibid.;
wetuomuck, at home; nékick, my house;

wétu—continued.
kékick, vour house, ibid. 47. Quir. wejo,
Pier. 21. Cree wéegee, a tent or dwell-
ing, Howse 22.

*weween, n. a horn (?), C. 156.

*wewéne, prep. about, C. 234. See
waéenu.

weyaus, n. (his) flesh, Is. 22, 13: kawey-
aus, thy flesh, Prov. 5, 11; pl.—og, Ps.

oy

78, 39; venison, Gen. 27, 3,7; askeyaus,

raw flesh; kesittde weyaus, sodden flesh,
1 Sam. 2, 15 (meyauussue, ‘of the flesh’,
Mass. Ps., John 1, 15.) Cf. édas, an
animal.
[Del. 0 ioos, meat, flesh, Zeisb.]
wishagkinish. See weshdganash.

*wishittw (as wrongly written by Du

Ponceau in index to El. Gr. ), the beard.

See weeshitton.
wishq, wisq, wiskq, n. a pot, dish, or
el, Ex. 16, 33; 2 K. 4, 6; Heb. 9, 4;
pl. +uash: wishquie pummee, a pot of
oil, 2 K. 4, 2; nukkonishquadt, ‘in old
bottles’, Matt. 9, 17; wuskishquadt,
in new bottles, ibid.; mahchishquash,
empty ‘pitchers’, Judg. 7, 16; empty
vessels, 2 K. 4, 3 (weaskg, a vessel, C.

161; quadnawask [qunni-wiskg, i. e. long
vessel (?), or quonmasgq, a gourd (?)], a
bottle, C. 161). Cf. weesquapinneat.
[Cree waska, around. }

wishquin (?),n.a concubine: mwishquin,
his concubine, Judg. 19, 2; mwishquin-
neunk, (n. collect.) his concubines. Gen.
25, 6. Cf. wshkappeum.

wishshuwussuonk (?), n. hair on the
body (?), Lev. 19, 20, 21, 25 (as meesunk,
hair of the head or beard, y. 30, 31,
32). See weshdaganash.

wiskq, wisq. See wish.

wobpee. See mobpee, the hip.

wodtan. See wadtan, the rump.

wodtat. See wuttat, behind.

woduhquab. See mattiihquab, the skin.

wogkauunonat, y. t. an. to stir up, to
move, to set in motion, to incite to ac-
tion: kutche mwogkauunuh mamansh,
(it) began to move him at times, Judg.
13, 25; wwogkéuunnéuh, they stirred
them up, Acts 12, 50; wogkauunau, he
stirreth up (the people), Luke 25, 4;
wogkéuunnaog, they stir up (the peo-
ple), Acts 17, 13; kawogkauununnaout,
to stir you up, 2 Pet. 1, 13; pass. wog-

-~wohk6eu, wohkoe, adv. and adj. at the

wohkuhquoshik, n. the end, conclusion,

wohkukquoshinat, v. i. to come to end,

1192 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

wogkauunonat—continued.
kouwéma ummusquanumdonk, ‘he was |
moved with choler’, Dan. 8, 7.
wogkoueonk, n. a stir, a tumult, com-
motion, Hos. 9,14; Rom.7,5; Acts 20, 1.
wogkouunumunat, y. t. to stir up, to set
in motion, to excite (inan. obj.): nw-
wogkouunum, I stir up (your hearts),
2 Pet. 3,1; wogkouunish, stir up (thy
strength), Ps. 80, 2; pass. olan wog-
kouwéma, the city was moved, Acts 21,
28; nippe wogkouémauk, when the water
is troubled, stirred, John 5, 7.

woh, conj. ‘of possibility’, may or can
(El. Gr, 22), a word usually employed
to express the ‘notion of possibility to
be’ or to form the potential mode of a
verb (El. Gr. 20): woh kenusheh, ‘intend- |
est thou to kill me?’ Ex. 2, 14; uttoh
woh yeush en nnih, ‘how can these
things be?’ John 3, 9; matta woh wun-
nampohamauoh, he can not answer
him, Job 9, 3.

*wohhogke, (a body,) a shell, or anna
(q. v.), C. 156. See hogki.

side or sides, on the sides of, on the

ends of: woskeche kah wohkéew waéénu,
on ‘the top thereof and the sides
thereof, round about’, Ex. 30, 3; neese
wohkée, ‘on the two sides thereof’, Ex.
37, 27; ut wohkéeu, ‘in thy borders’,
Ps. 147, 14; ut auohquaeu, on the two
ends of (the breastplate), Ex. 28, 24;
ut uhquaeu, at the ends, v. 22; ne anwh-
queu kishkag, its breadth (from side to
side), v. 16; mquohtogquosh, the ends
(of the chains), v. 25. See whqude.

Proy. 14, 13: en wohkukquoshinit, to the
end, to the utmost, thoroughly, Job 35,
36; ut wohkukqushik, unto the end (of a
matter, or in time), Ps. 119, 33, =no
pajeh wohkukquashinit, Rey. 2, 26; no-
wohkukquoiyeum, my last end, Num. 23,
10; asquam whquaeu, ‘the end shall not
be yet’) Mark 18, 7. See wehgshik.

to be ended: wohkukquoshin, (it) ends,
is ended, Is. 24, 8; 40, 2; pish wohkuk-
quoshinash, (they) shall be ended, Is.
60, 20; wohkukquoshik, when it ends,
ended, Jer. 8, 20; en wohkukquoshinit,
to the end, to the utmost, Job 35, 36.

wohkukquoshitteauunat, y. t. (inan.
subj.) to end, to make an end of (inan.
obj.), Dan. 9, 24.

wohkummiyeu, ady. and adj. above,
upward, Is. 37, 31: ut wohkumiyeu, at
the top (of a dress, Ex. 28, 32); wutch
; wusseganit kah wohkummiyeu,
‘from . . . his loins even upward’,
Ezek. 1, 27.

wohpanag, his or her breast, Proy. 5,
20: wohpandgunit, on the bosom, John
13, 23. See mohpanag; cf. pochenau.

*wohquatumunat, y. t. to pronounce or
emphasize: samp-wohquatumunat, ‘to
pronounce right’, C. 243; wuttin noh-
quatumooonkanna, ‘their manner of
pronouncing’, ibid. 242.

wohqut: wutch wohqut, from above, Ps.

Sam. 22, 17.

wohshinumunéat, y. t. to open, Ezek. 21,
22; Rey. 5, 2, 3, 4 (woshwunnumundat) ;
to ‘uncover’, Ley. 18, 7-13: wohshinum,
he opens (it), Is
squont, he opened the door, Acts 5, 19;
1 Sam. 3, 15; woshwunum, he uncoy-
ered, Ley. 20, 11; woshwunumak kenog-
kaneg, open you the window, 2 K. 13,
17 (the plural is used, perhaps by mis-
take, for the singular number, ‘open
thou’); woshwunnumun, he opened it,
ibid.; noh woshwunuk, he who (may)
open, Rey. 3, 8 (nwwoshwinum, I open,
C. 202). See pohki and its derivatives,
also woshwetashine; wéshwohtag.

wohshitanaumauonat, y. t. to open to
(a person): na@wohshitannumau nos-
squontamash, I opened my doors to
(him), Job 31, 32.

wohshitanumunat, woshwetdanumu-
nat, v. t. to open (a door or gate):
wohshitanush, -nish, open the door, 2 K.
9, 3; —— kowskquontash, open thy doors,

18, 16, =wutch waabu, 2

28, 24; wohshinum

Zech. 11, 1; wohshitanwog squontamash,
when we opened the doors, Acts 5, 23.
[=wohshinum-wetu, to openahouse (?). ]
wohsippahtde, wohsippohtde, wdsu-
pohtae, wodhsuppae, adj. and ady.
bright, shining, glittering, Ezek. 27, 19;
hence, wohsippahtde, adj. of copper, Ezra
8, 27 (but in 2 Tim. 4, 14, ‘coppere
smith’ is transferred ) : wésippde, bright,
Dan. 12, 3; wésippohtde wequai, bright
light, Ezek. 32, 8; togkodteg, bright
sword, Nah. 3, 3; glistering sword, Job

TRUMBULL]

wohsippahtde, etc.—continued.
20, 25; qussukquanash, ‘glistering
stones’, 1 Chr. 29, 2; qunuhtug,
glittering spear, Job 39, 23.
[Del. sabbeleu, ‘it sparkles, glitters’,
Zeisb. Gr. 164.]
wohsittde, woésittae, adj. bright, Cant.
5, 14; ‘glistering’, Nah. 3, 3:
wosittau, the fire was bright, Ezek. 1, 15.
wohsumauonat, y. t. an. to shine upon
(an. obj.), 2 Cor. 4, 6.
wohsumé6e, sohsumwae, adj. bright,
shining, light-giving, Luke 11, 36 (wos-
sumoe, C. 168): wohsumoe wequdi, a
shining light, Prov. 4, 18,
wae wequai, John 5, 35.
wohsummmunneat, sohsum-, vy. i. to
shine, to emit light: wequai sohsuma-
ma, the light shineth, John 1,5; nwkon
wohsumamo, the night shineth, is light,
Ps. 139, 12; wohswmémou, (it) shone,
Matt. 17, 2; matta wohsummmunaut, (it)
not to shine, Job 36, 32; wohswmam-
outch, let (your light) shire, Matt. 5,
16 (wohsumwinneat, to shine, C. 208).
(Del. waseleu, woacheyeii, v. adj. clear,
light, Zeisb. Gr. 165.]
wohsumoonk, n. a shining forth, emit-
ted light: mwohsuméonk wequananteg,
the light of a candle, Rey. 18, 23;
awohsummonganm, their shining (of
the stars), Joel 2,10. Cf. puméhsuma;
sohsimmmo.
wohsumunét, ©wohsumundt, wds-
um.-, vy. t. (but for the most part used
intransitively or without object ex-
pressed) to shine upon, to give forth
bright light, 2 Cor. 4, 6; Rev. 21, 23:
mwohsumun, (it) did lighten it, Rey. 21,
23; pish kawésum, thou shalt shine
forth, Job 11, 17; pish wésumwog, they
shall shine, Dan. 12, 3; wéhsish, shine
thou (give light), Is. 60, 1; wequai woh-
sumokiteh, let not the light shine on it,
Job 38, 4 (nwwossum, I shine, C. 208;
nepdz wohsum, the sun shineth, ibid.).
See *sqiitta.
[Abn. Sasdék8ré, lumiére; Sassénemaii-
gan, ~nar, chandelle. ]
wohtamunat, y. t. to understand, to
comprehend, Eph. 3, 18: nwm-macheke
wohtam onk, I have more under-
standing than. . . , Ps. 119, 100 (woh-
wohtam, v. 99); matta wahteaumog
B. A. E., Buty. 25——13

nootau

= sohsuin-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

wohwohtamoonk, n.

wohwoshwohkossayeu,

193

wohtamunat—continued.
asuh wohtamwog, they haye not known
nor understood, Is. 44, 18; nawohta-
munan (-un?), we understand it, 2 K.
18, 26; wohtammk, understand ye, Prov.
8, 5; wautaj, let him understand, Matt.
24, 15, =wahteauutch, Mark 13,14. V.i.
freq. wohwohtamundt, to possess or ex-

_ercise the understanding, to under-
stand, Dan. 10, 12; woh kawahteomwa
. . . k@namptiimwo . .
wo, ye may know,. . . believe me. . .
(and) understand, Is. 43, 10.

wohtoh: wéhtoh wutténtauadt, (when) he
climbs up some other way, John 10, 1.

*wohwatmowau (as ady.), ho, halloo!
C2233:

. kawohtamum-

wohwayedéagish, pl. rings. See wayedag.

are at
From

wohwohquianummog, ‘they
their wits’ end’, Ps. 107, 27.
wohkoeu (?).
understanding,
Is. 40, 28; 44, 19.
wohwohtamwe, adj. of understanding,
Ts. 40, 14.
wohwohteauunat, y. i. to bark, as a
dog, Is. 56, 10: matta wohwohteauaog,
they can not bark (anim wohwohteau,
the dog barks, C. 181; wohwohkénat, to
bark (at an. obj.), ibid.).
wohwohtog, (if he understand, ) he who
is prudent, a prudent (man), or one of
understanding, Proy. 14, 6, 15.
wohwosh-
wuhkossde, adj. cloven footed, di-
viding the hoof, Ley. 11,7; Deut. 14, 7:
wohwoéshwuhkussaeu, (it) divides the
hoof, Deut. 14,8. From wohshinumundt
and wuhkos; so, wohshwuhkossaécheg,
wohwoshukossaécheg, they who part the
hoof, Lev. 11, 3, 4; Deut. 14, 7; wésh-
weoh wuhkossmoh, they divide not the
hoof, Deut. 14, 7. Cf.
passiihossai.

neesukossont;

woi, ‘‘ady. of wishing’, ‘Oh, that it

were’!, El. Gr. 21; interj. ‘of sorrow’,
El. Gr. 22 (O, wo! C. 234).
womantamundt, womon-, y. t. to love,
inan. obj.: nwwomantam, I love (thy
law), Ps. 119, 113; nwmmacheke womon-
tam, I love (it) very much, Ps. 119, 97;
womantamak wanegik, love ye that
which is good, Amos 5, 15; kawoman-
tamumwo, ye love (them, inan.), Luke

194 BUREAU OF

womantamunat, etc.—continued.
11, 42 (nmwomdéntam wussukhonk, I love
a book, C. 200).

wometuaéu, ady. kindly, lovingly: wo-
metuacu unnehhedg, if you deal kindly

_with me, Gen. 24, 49.

womiyeu; womiyeu, ady. downward,
Ezek. 1, 27: wamiyeu waomiyeu, very
low, Deut. 28,43. See wamsinnedt, ete.

*womoausinneat, y.i. to love: womonuk-
quissirmeat, to be loved, C. 200. See
womantamundl, womonat.

womoausu, adj. an. (he is) kind, loving,
1 Cor. ee 4.

womoauste, adj. of love, loving: kw-
womoausie — kitteamonteaniltedonk, thy

loving kindness, Ps. 92, 2.

womompenat, y. i. to look downward:
womompu, he looked down, Ps. 102, 19;
womompish, look down, Ps. 80, 14,=
womompsh, Is. 68, 15; pajeh womompit,
till he looked down, Lam. 3, 50. Cf.
WUSSCIN PH nat.

womondaonk, n. love (abstract), 2 Sam.
13; 15: "Samy. 1,26:

womonat, y. t. to love, to be kind to
(mishuwomodnat, to love greatly, ‘to be
ravished with’, Proy. 5, 20): nawo-
mon, 1 love (her), 2 Sam. 13, 4 (nowd-

200);

Pe)

man woskétomp, I love a man, ©.
(ka-)womonsh, I love thee, Jer.
(kawomonntish, C. 200); pishwomanau,
he will love (him), Matt. 6, 24; amwomo-
nuh, he loves or loved him or her, 2
Sam. 13, 1; womonomp, he loved (her)
formerly, 2 Sam. 18, 15; womoaus, love
thou (him), Matt. 22,39; womonak kuin-
matwomaood, love your enemies, Luke
6, 35; womondg, if ye love (them), Luke
6,82; womonaog, they love (them), ibid. ;
womonadt yeug missinninniiog, if thou
be kind to this people, 2 Chr. 10, 7;

|
neane womonadt, as thou lovest (thy-

22,39; wamdnutche Jehovah,

self), Matt.
whom the Lord loveth; howan wamon-
onche, whom he loveth, Proy. 3, 12.
[Du Pone sau, in Notes to El. Gr. x,
derives this verb, as well as wunndnum-
[dnat], to bless, from wunnegen, good,
“Del. wu-lie-chen”’; but cf. mondnumaii,
he is merciful to (him); wltoh woh mond-
numog, ‘to whom I will show mercy’,
Ex. 338,19. Cotton (Voe. 200, 201) gives
the verbs womoaussinneat (vy. i.), to

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

womo6nittuonk, n.

*womosinneat, y. i.

wompag, n.

[BULLETIN 26

womonat—continued.
love; womonat (y. t. an.), and womonta-
munat (v. t. inan.) in the several tenses
and persons of the indicative. ]

[Narr. cowdmmaunsh (kawomonsh), I
love you; cowammaunick, he loves you;
cowdmmaus (kawomonausu), you are
loving, R. W. 31; waumatisu (adj. an.),
loving, ibid. 125. Del. ahoaleu, or w’da-
hoala, he loves, Zeisb. Gr. 118.]

womonausuonk, n. love (in exercise, or

directed to an object), kindness (mani-
fested), 2 Sam. 1, 26; Cant. 2, 5; Prov.
5, 19; 2 Cor. 13, 14; Eph. 2,
20) 13:

7; Gen.

womonittinneat, vy. an. mutual, to love

one another: (2d pers. pl.) ka@womonit-
tinneadut, you to love one another, 1
Thess. 4, 9; (with redupl. freq.)
kowowomonnittinnanonut, 1 John 3, 11;
womonittitleuh, let us love one another,
1 John 4, 7; womonittegk, be kind one
to another, Eph. 4, 82.

love, or kindness
{(1) referred to its object, or (2) mu-
tually felt]; Cant. 2, 4; 8, 6; Jer. 31, 3;
John 17, 26; (lustful) Rom. 1, 26, 27;
(favor shown) Proy. 14, 9: wemattue wo-
monittuonk, brotherly kindness, 2 Pet. 1,
7 (mutual love, Eph. 4, 2; ‘loving kind-
ness’, Jer. 31, 3).

to be kind:
numohche womaus, I have been kind,
C. 196; kitteamontedniimeh, be kind to

me, ibid.

ner

See kitteamonteanwnait.
‘brightness’, bright light

(oppos. to pohkenahtu, ‘in darkness’ ),

Is. 59, 9: adchuwompag, when it is day,

‘in the morning watch’, Judg. 16, 2;

Ex. 14, 24; that which is white: ne
wompag wou, the white of an egg, Job
6, 6.

*wompam (Narr. ), pl. waudmpeg, wauom-
pésichick, the white money, ‘‘made of
the stem or stocke of the periwincle
[Pyrula], which they call meteathock,
when all the shell is broken off: and of
this sort six of their small beads (which
they make with holes to string the
bracelets), are current with the English
for a peny.’’—R. W. 128, 130. The
wompam was half the value of the suck-
athock (or black money), q.v. ‘A kind
of beads . . . which they call wampam--

TRUMBULL]

*wompam—continued.
peak, and it is of two sorts; the one is
white, the otheris of a violet coloure.’’?—
Morton’s N. FE. Canaan, 1, 12.
wompan, from woinpu. See adchuwom-
pag; utchuwompan, ete.
*Wompanand [wompan-mdnit] (Narr.),
the Eastern God, R. W. 110.
wompanne, -neu, adv. all night, Judg.
19,9; (wam-) 16,2; Luke6,12. Cf. moh-
tompan. |
[Narr. kitompanisha, break of day,
R. W. 67. Del. wapange, tomorrow
(morning), Zeisb. Gr. 178 (ef. wapana-
chewi, p. 182).]
*wompanniyen, in the east,
Ps. 75,6; 103,12, =wutchepwoiyeu (El. ).
[Del. adj. easterly,
Zeish.; woa pan, the morning, Zeisb.
Voe. 13; woa-pa-ne-u, morning, ibid.
60.]
wompasquehtu, ‘in a meadow’, Gen.
41, 2; ‘in the fens’, Job 40, 21.
[Narr. mictickaskeete, a meadow; tatag-
goskituash, ‘a fresh meadow’, R. W. 90. ]
*wompatuck (Narr. ), a goose; pl. +qud-
uog, R. W. 86 (wompohtuk, pl. 4- quaog,
a goose, geese, C. 156).
*wompekisheeae wosketomp, a pale
man, C.173: wompishkauonk wosketomp,
pale man, ibid. 232, but wompishkauonk
is a noun substantive (paleness). See

Mass, Pg, .

mapaneit, V.

wompekushonat; wosketomp.
wompekushonat, y. i. to be pale, Jer.
30, 6.
wompequae, adj. with child, Hos. 13,
16; 2 K. 8, 12 (wompéquo, C. 168): wom-

pequain, Lam with child, Gen. 88, 25.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

wompequauodnat, wompequainat, vy. i.
to conceive, to become pregnant: wom-

pequauog, they conceived, Gen. 30, 39;
onk woh wompequaumog, that they might
conceive, v. 38, 41; wompequéou, wom-
poquoéu, Gen. 4, 1, 17; 16, 4; (-quaeu)
Hos. 1, 6; wompequait, if she conceives,
Ley. 12, 2; pass. wompequdinneat, to be
conceived, Hos. 9, 11; asquam wom-
pequauamuk, before he was conceived,
Luke 2, 21.
wunneechdnat.
wompequauonk, -quaonk, n. concep-
tion, Gen. 3, 16; 16, 4; Ruth 4, 13.
wompl, adj. white, Matt. 5, 36; pl. wom-

See neechan; neechau,; cf.

piyeuash (El. Gr. 13), Esth. 1, 6: wompi-

195

| w6mpi—continued.

yeum, itis white; wompesu, (he is) white;
nawompes, Lam white; kawompes, thou
art white, ete. (El. Gr. 16); womposke-
tomp, a white man (from wompi, woske-
tomp, El. Gr. 15).

(Narr. wémpi, white, R.W. 154.
wumbiou, white;
blanket, Stiles. Del. (v. adj.) woapeii,
it is white; wapsu, woa-psu, he is white;
wapelechen, it is white (?), Zeisb. Gr.
164, 167.]

*wompimish (Narr.), a chestnut tree:
wompimineash, chestnuts, R. W.89. See

Peq.
wumbaniute, a white

WOTRPUIMUS.

[Del. woa-pim, chestnut; woa-pi-min-
schi, chestnut tree, Zeisb. Voc. 61 (1. e.
white-nut tree). ]

*wompishocki, adj. gray, C. 170.

*wompohkishonat, to be pale, C. 203:
nowomppahkisham, Lam pale; toh wutch
nene wompohkesean, why art thou so
pale? ibid.

wompohshog, -puhshog, n. (white
metal, ) ‘brass’, Ex. 38, 2,4; Deut. 8,9;
but in 2 Chr. 3, 4, ‘brasse’ is trans-
ferred.

*wompohshogque [wompi-mshog(?),
white], adj. brazen, Ex. 38,5; Is. 45
Cf. ma@éshog, (black metal, ) iron.

womponak, n. (white cloth, ) linen, Ex.
25, 4; Prov. 31, 24; ‘cloth’, Deut. 22,
17. See ménak.

[Peq. wumbanute, a white blanket,
Stiles. ]

womponéakinne, adj. of linen, Jer. 13, 1.

wompontupont, one having a white
head, ‘hoary-headed’, Ley. 19, 82.

*wompontuppaonk, ‘gray-headed’, C.
170 (but a subst. grayness of head).

wompsikuk, n. the eagle, Ley. 11, 13;
(-koak) Job 9, 26; (wompussika@k) Deut.
14, 12; (womsikuk) Ezek. 17, 3 (womp-
sukook, C. 156): dimin. wompsikukqua-

mesuog, young eagles, Proy. 30, 17.
[= wompi-wussuqun, white-tail. The

name is perhaps more descriptive of
the fishhawk or osprey (Pandion halia-
étus) than of the bald eagle ( Haliaétus
leucocephalus), but was very likely
applied to both by the Indians of the
coast of New England. ]

[Narr. wémpissacuk, pl. wompsacuck-

quduog, R. W. 85. Del. woa pa lan ne,

196 BUREAU

wompsikuk—continued.
bald eagle, Zeisb. Voce. 60 (from woapeit,
white, and wo lanne, (a bird’s) tail). ]

wompu, ompu, he sees, he looks. This
primary verb is not found separately in
Eliot, but is employed to form numerous
compounds, in the sense of to look (to
see purposely ), as wémompu (wamiyer),
he looksdown; pwsampu, he looks into,
ete. It is found in other dialects of the
Algonkin, as Cree wdppu, ‘he sees’
(Howse 43); Chip. oowdhbunden, he
sees it (Jones, John 11, 9). Cf. nau-
munat and nuhquaeu. The three verbs
signify: nawn, he sees (voluntarily or
involuntarily, without reference to pur-
pose); nuhquaeu, he directs his eyes,
looks (by accident or designedly);
oinpu, he looks and sees. Cf. wompi,
bright, white; wompag, bright light,
‘when he sees’; mohtompan (R. W.
motauban), break of day, etc. See nad-
tauwompr.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[Cree wipun, it is daylight, Howse

77. Abn. ioppa, ‘voila’ (Rasles, subst.
part. aii). Old Alg. ni-ouwapaman, I see
(him) ; ni-ouabaten, I see (it), Le Jeune
(Arch. Am. 11, 25); owabemo, to see,
Lah. ]
wompuhquont [wompi-puhkuk],particip.
haying (white or) gray hair, having a
gray head, Deut. 32, 25: nawompuhquom,
I am gray haired,-1 Sam. 12, 2; wompo-
quoi, (when) I am gray haired, P
71, 18; wompuhquaog, (they are) gray
haired, Job 15,10 (noh womppuhqua, he
is gray [headed], C. 252.)
pishocki.

[Del. woap hoe qua won, gray hair,
Zeisb. }
wompuhshog. See wompohshog.
wompumus, n. a chestnut tree, pl. +
seash, Ezek. 31, 8; Gen. 30, 37. See
*wompimish.

[Narr. wémpimish, R. W. 89; wémpi-
mineash, chestnuts, ibid. ; waumpmunch,
chestnut, Stiles. ]

womuhk6dg-ish, n. pl. declivities, de-
scents, ‘steep places’, Ezek. 38, 20.
womiyeu.

womunat. See mmunit, to go from.

womussinuk.

wonk, adv. also, Eccl. 3, 11; again, Ps.
78, 39; moreover, Ps. 19, 11 (wvonkanet,
wonk, onk, again, C. 233). See onk.

See womsinnedt.

Cf. |

s. |

See *wom- |
| wonkun,, vy. t. an. greet thou (him),

| wonnepog.

[BULLETIN 25

wonk—continued.

[Narr. wonck, more (in the sense of
encore, again), R. W. 48. Del. woak,
wak, and, also, Zeisb. Abn. aiinkki,
mais; ainkaSi, un apres l'autre, per
successionem. ]

wonkinnumunéat, y. t. to bend, to make

crooked [from woonki]: wonkinnum
kesukquash, he bowed the heavens, 2

Sam. 22, 10 (=quandbuhkam kesuk, Ps.
18, 9); wonkinnaw wutohtompe, he bent
his bow, Lam. 2,4; wonkinégish ohtomp,
ye who bend the bow, Jer. 50, 14; won-
kanégish ahtomp, v. 29 (wonkunumunat,
to bend; wonkkenitlinneat, to be bent,
CP rs2e
tonkunau; wuttunkinonat.

*wonkkendasu (adj. an.?) bent, C. 218.
See woonki.

wonkonous, wonkonos, n. a wall (by
the roadside), Num. 22, 24; (of a city),
Josh. 6, 5; a fort or stronghold, 2 Sam.
5, 9; Jer. 16, 19; 48, 18, 41 (wdka@noos,
a fence, C. 160).

[Narr. waukaundsint, a fort, R. W.]

wonkqunnésog, n. pl. (their) claws, of
animals, Zech. 11, 17. See onkqunnésog.

wonkqissis, n. a fox, Neh. 4, 3; C. 240;
wonksis, Luke 13, 32; pl. wonkgsissog,
Judg. 15,4. From woonki, ‘crooked’;
wonkesu, ‘he is (does) crooked’, i. e.
he ‘doubles’.

[ Narr. pequawus, a gray fox, R. W. 95;
mishquashim, a red fox, ibid. (cf. ané-
qus, little squirrel).
fox, Stiles.

Cf. woonkitteaudnat; see po-

Peq. « waumps,
Del. woa cus, a fox, Zeisb. ]
2
Tim. 4, 19: kawonkomuk, he greets thee,
ibid. vy. 21; mwonkomuh, he greets him,
Acts 23, 26 (he embraced him, Acts
20, 1); wonkquttuwongauash, greetings,
Acts 15, 23; wonkomak, greet ye (him),
1Sam. 25, 5; salute ye, Rom. 16, 6-16;
wonkquttehhettit, when we had taken
leave of each other, Acts 21, 6.
See wunnepog, a leaf or
herb.
wonogkénat. See déwonogkuog,
burrow, ‘have holes’.
wonogq, n. a hole, Ex. 28, (-nog,
Ezek. 8, 7): pl. wonogquash, the holes
or dens of wild beasts, Nah. 2, 12; wt
wonogquehlu, in holes (pitfalls), Is. 42,
22; squontame wénogqut, ‘by the hole of

they

32

TRUMBULL]

wonogq—continued.
the door’, Cant. 5, 4; wénogque passah-
theg, the hole of the pit, Is. 51,1; wutch
hassunénogqut, from the holes in the
rocks, Jer. 16, 16; petshonat ogqunat, to
fall into a pit, Matt. 12, 11.

[Del. woa lac, a hole; wal heii, he is
digging a hole; woal heen, to dig a hole,
Zeisb. |

wonteauunat, y. i. to dig a hole: nw-
wonteam, I have digged, 2 K. 19, 24;
wonteau ohkit, he digged in the earth,
Matt. 24 18; wonteash, dig thou, Ezek.
8, 8; wénteaon, when I digged, ibid.;
wonteauh kah ukkuthamun, ‘he made a
pit and digged it’, Ps. 7, 15; wénteaog,
they dig pits, Ps. 119, 85. See kuttah-
ham.

wodhsuppde. See wohsippahtde.

woonki, adj. and ady. (1) crooked, Proy.
2,15: woonki ayeuongash, crooked places,
Is. 45, 2; ne woonkag, that which is

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

crooked, Eccl. 1,15; woonkagish, crooked |

things, Is. 42, 16. (2) perverse, wrong,
Hab. 1, 4: nashpe woonkagk, wrongfully,
Jer, 22,13. Cf. penaéu; pepemsque.
[Narr. wduki, crooked, R. W. 54.
Cree wigow, it is crooked, Howse 71.
Del. waktscheii, vy. adj. it is crooked,
Zeisb. Gr. 164. ]
woonkitteau6nat, y.t. (an. and inan.?):
woonkitteau nummayash, he makes my
paths crooked (for me), Lam. 3, 9.
woosuppahtumunat, y. t. to make
bright, to furbish, Ezek. 21, 11: wod-
suppahtauun, (it is) furbished, Ezek.

21,9. See wohsumundat.

wo0ou, w6u, n. an egg, Luke 11, 12; ne
wampag wou, the white of an egg, Job
6, 6; pl. méanash, Is. 10, 14; awédunash,
her eggs, Job 39, 14 (wou, pl. wowdinash,
an egg, eggs, C. 156).
Cf. é6das, an animal; mch, out of.
(Del. wahh wall (pl. ), eggs, Zeisb. Voce.
12; wa cho wall, ibid. 31.]
woshinumunadt, woshwunnumundat.
See wohshinumundt, to open.
woshweenit, (‘if he open’,)
the hoof, Deut. 14, 6. Cf. neeswkossont.
woshwemo, (the water) ‘parted: asun-
der’, 2 K. 2, 14.
woshwetanumunat.
undt.

See *wdéweou.

parting

See wohshitanwm-

|
|
|

197

woshwetashine, adj. open (asa door, or
gate), Rev. 3, 8.
wohshitanumundt.

woshwi, adj. or ady. open, Ps. 5, 9.

woshwohtde, adj. open; pl. -ohtaash,
Dan. 6, 10: mutton, open mouth,
TisuQr 2:

woshwohtag, (that which is)

wishq,an open vessel, Num. 19, 15.

woshwohteau (from wdéshwohtecauundt),
it is or was open, Rey. 10, 2.

See wohshinumundt;

open:

woshwuhkossaécheg: ney woshwuhkos-

saécheg, they which divide the hoof, Ley.

11, 3, =wohwoshwuhkossaécheg, Deut. 14,

7,=nag woshweoh wuhkoss@oh, ibid.; neg

wohwoshwunnoncheg uppahsikosséunoh,
they which arecloyen-footed, Ley. 11, 3.

woshwunnumunat.

wosinneunkowae, adv. in the twilight,
Ezek. 12, 7, 12.

woOssittde. See wohsittde.

woskéche, adj. upper, on top, Deut. 24,
6; the tip of, Ex. 29, 20; Lev. 8, 23; the
top or highest part of, Ex. 30, 3; Judg.
9, 51: wosketuttauog, the tip of the ear,
Ley. 14, 14, 17; wuskodtuk, the forehead,
Ex. 28, 38.

woskeche, ady. (1) on the top, onthe sur-
face: woskeche mondi, on the tace of the

See wéshinumundt.

deep, Gen. 1, 2; ut woskeche ohkeit, on
the face of the earth, Dan. 8, 5,
ketohkeit, Lev. 11, 21; noh wesket, in that
which was uppermost (placed on top
of others), Gen. 40, 17; woskechepiskq,
top of a rock, Ezek. 24, 7; wutch woske-
chequttu, ‘from the top of the rocks’ (?),
Num. 23,9. (2) ‘without’ (El. Gr. 21):
anomut kah woskeche, within and with-
out (i. e. on the outer surface of), Ex.
Oly ee See woskechepiskq; wuskodtuk. Cf.
wuske; wuskesuk.

(Narr. waskéche. on the top, R. W. 52.
Del. wochgitschi, above, on the top or
surface of, Zeisb. Gr. 183; wochgidha-
mique, on the earth, ibid. Quir. skeje,
skeeje, ‘upon’, Pier. ]

woskechepiskq, -pisk, n. the top of a
rock, Ezek. 24, 7; 2 Chr. 25, 12, =woske-
che qussukquanit, a pointed rock, cliff, or
crag, Ezek. 24, 8.

woskeetompsqut, on the (top of the)
rock, Job 28, 9. See woskeche.

woskehettue (?), adj. hurtful: —— tog-
kodtég, hurtful sword, Ps. 144, 10.

= WOs-

See chippipsk; ompsk.

198 BUREAU

*woskéheudnat, to hurt: woskehhittinneat,
to be hurt, C. 195; nawoskheum, I hurt,
ibid.

woskehittuonk, n. violence (suffered),
a wound, Ex. 21, 25; spoiling, Hab. 1,3
(= woskehuwaonk (?), Gen. 6, 13; ef. y.
11).

woskehtinneat, y. t. inan. and y. i. to
do harm to (inan. obj.), Rev. 7, 2,
= moskehteauundt: nawosketedh, 1 per-
secuted (it, the church), Phil. 3, 6;
ahque woskehteauok ohke, do not harm
(ye) the earth, Rev. 7,3; matta aowoske-
teauunnadut moskehtuash, (they) not to
hurt the grass, Rey. 9, 4.

woskehuwae, adj. hurtful, harmful, 1
Tim. 6, 9; mat woskehuwae, ‘innocent’,
Jonah 1, 14.

woskehuwaen, n. who
eharms, ‘the spoiler’, Jer. 51, 56; pl.

one hurts or
(obj.) v.53: woskehuwaenuog, ‘spoilers’,
Pedi AUR ASE ioe dey LTE
woskehuwdaonk, n. violence, hurt, Gen.
Gye
woskehuwonat. See woskhednat.
woskesit, (he is) blemished, deformed,
Lev. 21, 17, 18, 21. Cf. chohkésu.
wosketohteak: wt wosketohteakon,on the
open fields, Ezek. 29, 5.
wosketomp, n. a man, vir; pl. wosketom-
paog (ef. missinnin, a man of another
noeu wuske-
lech fey (oop
wosketompom (vy. subst.), he is a man,
he became a man (El. Gr. 12, 16);
ukkez-
created he
(nukkone wosk, an old

race or nation, a captive):
tompauhtu, among men,

wosketomp kah mittamwossissoh
heuh,

them’, Gen. 5, 2

‘male and female

man, ©. 157; nawhutche wosk, some men,
ibid. 175; onkatog woske, another man,

ibid. 2382; nanwi woske, any man, ibid. ).
See omp.
[Narr. skeélomp, pl. skeétompatiog,

man, men (also nnin, nninnuog), R. W.
44; ninnuock, ninnimissiniiwock, eniskee-
tompatnvog, “men, folk, people’’, ibid.
pref. 19; enin or eneskéetomp, a man,
ibid. 115.]

woskheénat, woskehuwénat, wosk-
honat, y. t. an. to hurt, to injure, to do
harm to (an. obj.), Prov. 6, 18: na@wosk-
hukqunat, to hurt me, Gen. 31, 7; ko-
woskhonunat, to do thee hurt, v. 29;
@woskheonadut wosketompuh, (they) to

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| woskheonat, ete.—continued.

| hurt men, Rey. 9, 10; matta nawosk-
heounonog, we harm them not, 1 Sam.
25, 7; woskéheau, he wrongeth, injureth,
Proy. 8, 36; woh woskeheau, (it) may
harm (him), Job 35, 8; woskeheunt, par-
ticip. harming, one who hurts, Rey. 11,
5; uttoh woskeadt, ‘whom thou persecut-
est’, injurest, Acts 9, 5; woskhuwaan,
‘thou that spoilest’, Is. 33, 1; mat pish
kowoskhukka@, he shall not hurt thee,
Acts 18, 10; matta mwoskheuh, hurt thou
him not, Luke 4, 35; woskehevihkon, do
him no harm, Jer. 39, 12; ahque woské-
| heuk, do (them) no harm, Ps. 105, 15
(woskehheaog wuhhogkauh, they hurt

themselves (injure themselves), C.

239); pass. nowoskhit, I am hurt, Jer.
8, 21; kawoskitteop, thou wast spoiled,
Vsooemle

wososhquit(?): na ut wososhquit, ‘the

marshes thereof’, Ezek. 47, 11 (wdss
keht, a meadow, C. 160).
[Del. V.
muddy, Zeisb. Gr. 164.]
wossabpe, wassabbe, adj. and
thins Ke 729 -elbev. 2
C. 176): wossabpetihhamwog namékag,
they beat (it) into thin plates, Ex. 39,
(it) shall be
made thin, become thin, Is. 17,4. Cf.

saupde; wussappe.

S-

assiskuyu, adj.

marshy,
ady.
£4 (wussdppi,

3; pish wossappeteauun,

[Del. wschappan, woasgeyen, (it is)
thin, Zeisb. Gr. 167, 172.]

wosumunat. See wohsumundt, to shine
| out.
| wosupohtde. See wohsippahtde.

| w6u. See wddu.

| wounkagk, n. error

| erooked), Eccl. 10, 5.

woushau. See waashau.

woweaushin, n. a winding about, Ezek.

| 41,7. Cf. wayedag; wayont; wédu.

[Cree wéwerissehayoo, he circumvents

him, Howse 41; wéweow, it is circular,
ibid. 79; wéwetow, he roundeth it, ibid. ]

wowushpoonk, n. effeminacy, ‘deli-
cacy’, Deut. 28, 56. See waashpu.

| wowushpu. See.waashpu.

wowussumonat, wdaus-, wowos-, V. t.
an. to worship, 1 Sam. 1, 3; Rey. 19, 10;
1 K. 12, 30 (-mudnat, C. 216): wowussu-
maog manitto, they pray to a (false)
god, Is. 45, 20; wowussumoh, he worships

is

(that which
See woonki.

TRUMBULL] * NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 199

wowussumonat, etc.—continued.
(it), Is. 44, 15; nowowussumomun, we
worship (intrans.), Gen. 22, 5; neg
waussumoncheg, they who worship, Ps.
97, 7 (nm@wowussuwimun, we worship,
C. 216; wowussum God, worship God,
ibid.; wauwussittianeat, to be worship-
ped, ibid.). Cf. nawvanum, he bows
down; peantam, he prays.

wowussumoncheg, waus-, pl. worship-
ers, they who worship, Ps. 97, 7; 2 K.
10, 19.

wom. See mmunit.

womiyeu. See wémiyeu, downward.

womsinnedt, womussinneat, y. i. to
go downward, Judg. 7, 10; Gen. 46, 3:
womussu en, womsu en, he went down
to (a place), 1 Sam. 15, 12; Jonah 1, 3;
Ex. 2, 5; wamsuog, they go down (to
the gates), Judg. 5, 11; noh wamsit, he
who goeth down, Eecl. 3, 21; onatuh
puppinashim amussit, he goeth down
as a beast, Is. 63, 14; ka@weeche woam-
seunsh, I go down with thee (into
Egypt), Gen. 46, 4; neg womussitcheg en
passohtheganit, they that descend into
the pit, Ezek. 26, 20; 31, 16; ne ahhut
womussimuk, the descent, downward
slope (of a mountain), Luke 19, 37;
nowomussin wadchuut, leamedown from
the mount, Deut. 10, 5. See womiyer.

[Narr. waumsu [womsu], down hill,
Re Wee 76s]

Wwomsuonk, n. a rayine (?), a steep de-
scent: kishke woamsuonganit, ‘by the
clift of (Ziz)’, 2 Chr. 20, 16. Cf. wo-
muhkoag.

*wuchecheptinnock (Narr.), ‘a great
bunch of hair bound up behind.’’?—
R. W. 58.

*wuchickapéuck (Narr.), “‘birching
bark and chestnut bark, which they
dress finely and make a summer coyer-
ing for their houses.’’—R. W. 48.

wudchinat. See wadchinat.

wuhhog, (his) body, himself, Ley. 21, 4;
Proy. 31, 22; Cant. 3,9. Seem uhhog.

wuhhogki, that which coyers the body;
hence a shell, and in pl. wuhhogkiash
(q. v.), scales (of fish), Job 41, 15: wuh- |
hogkiitcheg, (fish) haying scales, Ley. |
Ul Sh

[Narr. suckavihock, suckawhock [sicki-
wuhhogki, black-shell], black money,

wuhhogki—continued.
R. W. 104; poquathock [kuppogki-wuh-
hogki (?)], ‘a little thick shell-fish’,
ibid., the round clam; meteatthock [
and wuhhogki], ‘the periwinkle’ (Pyrula
sarica or canaliculata), ibid.

wuhhogkomminneash, n. pl. husks,
Luke 15, 16: wuhhogkomunit, to the
husk, Num. 6, 4.

wuthké6s, okos, n. a hoof (his hoof), his
nails or claw, Dan. 4, 33; Deut. 21, 12.
See mihkos.

wuhpeteog, wuhpit, wuhpeg. See
muhp-.

wuhtduog, pl. +ash, (his) ear, ears, Is.

32; 3: 33,-15. See méhtduog.

wuhtuk, wuttugk [wut-uhtug, of the
tree], n. a branch, John 15, 2; Is. 9, 14;
(wuttuhkq) Is. 19,15; Ezek. 15, 2: wtuh-
quanum, his branch, Job 15, 32; 18, 16:
notuhqurnumat, on my branch, Job 29,
19; pl. wuttuhqunash, branches, (wood
for) fuel, Is. 9, 5; Gen. 22,6. See wut-
tuhq.

*wukse (and nomsiyeuz), adj. alone, C.
167. Cf. nussu.

wundnetuonk. See wunndnittuonk.

wunassmmonat, v. t. an. to betray: nw-
nassom, I betray, Matt. 27, 4; noh anas-
samoh, who betrayed him, Matt. 10, 4,
=neh wanassomukqutcheh, Mark 3, ip

nonche wunassomedg, ‘if ye be come to
betray me’, 1 Chr. 12, 17; Mnassmmonat,
to betray him, John 13, 2 (wanassoomit,
he was betrayed (?), C. 182 [when he
was betrayed (condit.), as in 1 Cor. 11,
23, whence Cotton probably took this
word] ).

wunassomuwéae, ady. treacherously, is.
212,

wunassMmuwdenin, n. one who deals
treacherously, Is. 21, 2.

*wunnachkémmuk. See wanahchiko-
muk, a chimney.

*wunndgehan, or wunnégin waupi
(Narr. ), a fair wind: wunnégiteh wuttin,
when the wind is fair, R. W. 84. Cf.
mattagehan, a cross wind, ibid.

wunnagetahhamwe qussukquonash,
hewed stones, 1 K.7,9 (-agkuttuhhame,
v. 11, 12).

wunnag([kjittahwau: chikkup-poh,
he heweth down cedars, Is. 44, 14.

200

wunnagkittuhhausuen, -in, a carpen-
ter, Is. 44, 13.

wunnaiyeu, adj. and ady. (he is) happy.
See wunniyeu.

*wunnam (Narr.), ‘their red painting,
which they most delight in.’’—R. W.
154.

wunnamamoonk (?), n. healthfulness,
promotion of health, Prov. 16, 24;

ing (?). See

neetskesuonk (ander neetskesi).
(Del. nolamalsi, I am well, Zeisb. ]

= munndanumaonk, a bles

wunndmonaenat, y. i. to beget a son or
sons: wunnamonieu, he begets a son,
Feel. 5, 14; pish wunnamonaeu, he shall
beget sons, Gen. 17, 20; wunnamoniyeu,
he begat (us), James 1, 18; noh wunau-
moniit, -nait, if he beget a son, Prov.
17, 21; Ezek. 18, 10, 14; noh wanamonitt,

92

he who begat thee, Proy. 25, 22; wunna-
monaek, beget (ye) sons, Jer. 29, 6 (nw-

naumoniyeum, L beget (a sonor sons), C.

181). Cf. wuttaunaenat.
wunnampOhaumauénat, y. t. an. and

inan. to answer (a question) to (any-

one), Matt. 22, 46; Acts 24, 10. See
nampoham.
wunnamptam®onk, n. belief, faith,

Heb. 11, 1; C. 182: kanamptammonk,
thy belief, 2 Thess. 2, 13; thy faith,
Matt. 9, 22; nashpe wunnamptammonk,
-donk, by faith, Heb. 11, 3, 4, 5, ete.
wunnamptamunat, (1) y. t. to believe,
Luke 24, 25 [with an. obj. expressed,
to believe or believe in (a person) ].
(2) wunnamptaudnat (an. and inan.), to
obey: @mnamptauau, ‘he hearkened to’
(him), Gen. 23, 16; nanamptam, L be-
lieve, Mark 9, 24; Acts 27, 25; C. 182;
konamptamwa God, ye believe in God,
John 14, 1; wunnamptamwog, they
believed, Ex. 4, 31; wunnamptam,
@namptam, he believes, Prov. 14, 15
(wunnamptoadtinneat, to be believed, C.
182); winnamptaudog, they believed
(him), Ex. 14, 31; nah mat onamptauoh,
he did not believe them, Gen. 45, 26;
konamptau, dost thou believe on (him)?
John 9, 35; onk woh nonamptau, that I
may believe on (him), v. 36; howan
believeth in
=howan wanamptog,

wunnamptauont, whoso
(him), Rom. 9

1 John 5, 1, 5.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

wunnamptamunat—continued.

[ Narr. coandumatous, I believe you
or I will obey you. ‘This word they
use just as the Greek tongue doth that
verb [z16rev@] mioreverr, for beliey-
ing or obeying, as it is often used in the
New Testament.’’—R. W. 65.

wunnamubqut, ady. truly, verily (El.
Gr. 21), Matt. 11, 11; Heb. 11, 15;
surely, Is. 40, 7.

wunnamuhquttee, -teyeu, adj. true,
1K. 10, 6; Jer. 42,5 (wunumuhkutéyeu,
truly, C. 280): wunnamuhqutteyeua, (it)
is true, Dan. 6, 12; -yeumash, (words)
are true, 2 Sam. 7, 28; ne wanumuhkuté-
yeuuk, that which is true (truth con-
crete), 1 K. 22,
yeuok, 2 Sam. 15, 20; wunnamuhqutte-
yeuonk, truth (abstract), Ps. 15, 2.

[Del. wulamoe, he says true or the
truth; wuldmoyu, v. adj. it is true, right,
Zeisb. Gr. 165. ]

*wunnamwateouunat, to prove; (i. e.
to know-true, to demonstrate), C. 205.

wunndanittuonk, wundnetuonk, n. a
blessing (referred to the object), Deut.
Zoe

16, =wunnamuhqutte-

| wunndantamunat, wunnanittamunat

[wunne-unnantamundt], vy. t. inan. to
bless (it), Deut. 28, 12; 2 Sam. 7, 29:
wunantash, bless thou (it), Deut. 33, 11;
pish wunnantam, he will bless (it), Deut.
7,13; micheme wunnantamunach, let (it)
be blessed forever, 2 Sam. 7, 29. Pri-
marily, to be pleased with a thing.
[Narr. nowecdntan, noweetedntam, 1

Del. nolelendam, I

nolatenami, 1

am glad, R. W. 65.
rejoice, am glad;
happy, Zeisb. Voc. 50.

am

Cree noonan-
tomen, we rejoice, Howse. ]

wunndnumaonk, n. a blessing (referred
to the giver or agent), Deut. 33,7. See
wunnamamoonk.

wunndnumau, onanumay, he is happy
(is blessed), pass. Rom. 14, 22; Prov.
3, 138. See wunne.

[Del. nolinamen, I like it, Zeisb. ]

wunndnumonat, y.t.an. to bless, to in-
yoke blessings on (Num. 24, 1) or con-
fer blessings (wunnaunumonat, C. 182;
nen nondnum, I bless, ibid.) + wunndnu-
momp, he blessed (them), Deut. 33, 1;
mnanumonaoont, they to bless (them),
Deut. 27, 12; ka@nanumoush, I will bless

21,

TRUMBULL] NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 201

wunnanumonat—continued.
thee, Gen. 22, 17; nawnanum, I bless
(her), Gen. 17, 16; wunnanumeh, bless
me, Gen. 27, 34; pass. pish konanumit,
thou shalt be blessed, Deut. 27, 3; pish
wunnanittamun, (it) shall be blessed, v.
4,5 (wunnanittinneat, to be blessed, C.
182).

*wunnappinneat (?): kwnepeam, wel-
come, C. 217.

wunnash, y. to erect, to set upright (lit.
to set on end): wunnashau, he set up (a
pillar), 1 K. 7, 21; noh wanashont ahpe-
hanoh, he that setteth snares, Jer. 5, 26;
wunnash, set (a watchman onthe tower),
Is. 21, 6; wunnash ahkuhk, set on a pot
(on ihe fire), Ezek. 24,3. See wunnoh-
teauundt. Cf. wanashque, on the top of,
or rather ‘on end’.

[Del. wo nach qui wi, top of a house
or tree, Zeisb. ]

wunnashauonk, (his) spirit, Proy. 18,
14. See nashaiionk.

wunnashque. See wanashque, on the
top oft.

wunnatotamauonat, y. t. an. and inan.
to question, to ask anyone questions,
Matt. 22, 46; Mark 9, 32, ete. See
natmtomait.

*wunnauanotinuck (Narr.), a shallop;
wunnauanounuckquese, a skiff. ‘ AL-
though themselves have neither, yet
they give them such names, which
in their language signifieth carrying
vessels.’’—R. W. 98. Cf. kéiinuk.

*wunnaug (Narr.), a tray; pl. +dnash,
R.W.50; wunnauganémese, a little tray,
ibid. See wunnonk.

*wunnaugonhémmin (Narr. ), ‘to play
at dice’, that is, by throwing painted
plumbstones (asavianash) into a tray,
R. W. 146.

wunnaumoniin, n. appellative, a son
(i. e. anybody’s son), EnOY. 7, Ba
Heb. 5, 8 (wunnaumonien, C. 162).

wunnaumonuh, n. constr. (his or her)
son, Gen. 22, 3;.21, 2; 3, 5, 7; (the
son of) 2 K. 4, 37: nunnaumon, my son,
Gen. 21, 23; 22, 7, 8; nunnaumon wun-
naumonuh, my son’s son, Gen, 21, 2:
kenaumon, thy son, Gen. 22, 2, 12; Tee
18, 10 (kenémon, thy son, pl. kenaumé-
nog, C. 162.); en wunnaumonat, toward
or to his son, Deut. 28, 56, 57; on

|
|
|
|

wunnaumonuh—continued.
his son, Gen. 22, 6; pl. nunnaumonog,
my sons, Gen. 48 (collectively, all my
sons, nunnaumonunk, Gen. 48,9; 1 Sam.
2, 24); wunnaumonuh, his sons, the
sons of, 1 Chr. 21, 20; 2 Sam. 23, 6;
Gen. 50, 12.

*wunndumwash (Narr.), speak the
truth: wunndumwaw ewd, he speaks
true; coandumwen, you speak true, R.
W. 63. The two last ‘are words of
great flattery, which they use to each
other, but constantly to their princes
at their speeches’’, ete. wunnaum-
wayean, ‘if he say true’, ibid. 64 (no-
nomuamn, I speak truth, 1 Tim. 2, 7;
wunnomudeeyan, if I speak true, John
8, 46).

*wunnaumwauonck (Narr.), n. ‘faith-
fulness’, R. W. 64.

wunnaunchemmkaonk Lee aCe

mokaonk}, n. Sond news, Prov. 25, 25;
the gospel, Gal. 2, 2. See aunchemo-

kaii; unnaunchemomkauénat.

wunnauonat, 3d pers. infin. of naudnat,
nauwonat, to see him, 2 Sam. 13, 6.

wunne, One, ady. and adj. well, beauti-
fully, pleasantly (Lat. bene); good,
beautiful, pleasant: wunne wuttwantash,
be of good courage, 1 Chr. 19, 13; wunne
ohke, a good land, Deut. 8, 7; wne mée-
chumamash, his pleasant fruits, Cant.
4, 16; woh kone mukkanéminneau, ye
might well bear with him, 2 Cor. 11,
4; adj. an. with prefix, kawni, thou art
happy, Deut. 33, 29; pish kani, thou
shalt be secure, Job11,18; onk woh nani
wutch ken, that it may be well with me
for thy sake, Gen. 12, 13; kanaiimwa
nish usseog, happy are ye if ye do them,
John 13, 17; wunniitcheg, they who are
happy, the happy, Mal. 3, 15. See
wunnegen; wunniyeu.

[Quis werra, watawérre, well (ady.),
Pier. 52 and passim. Del. wulit, good;
welhik, the best; (an.) welsit, the best,
holy, Zeisb. Voc. 12,13. Chip. weweni,
ady. ‘well, right, just, exactly, dili-
gently’, Bar. Cf. Chip. oni-, as prefix. ]

wunnechoteagk, y. (imperat. 2d pers.
pl.) ‘set on bread’, i. e. serve the food,
Gen. 43, 31. Cf. wunndug (Narr.), a
tray, R. W. 50.

202 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

wunneechanat, -6nat, y. i. 3d pers. in-
finit. of neechadnat, to conceive, Heb.
11,11. See wompequauonat.

wunneechaneunk, n. offspring, collec-
tively, Rom. 9, 8 (all children).

wunneechan(oh), his child, constr.
the child of, i. e. offspring, son or
daughter, indeterminate of age or sex;

pl. wunneechaneuméog, children, off-

spring, as related to mechetuonganauh,
their parents, Matt. 10,21. See neechan.

wunneechanOonat, vy. t. an. to beget (a |
child): noh waneechanit, he who begets |

(a child), Dan. 11, 6.

wunneetupanatamwe. In the title of
Eliot’s Bible, excellent, ‘holy’; grace,

‘grace of God’, Acts 14,43; vbl.n., holy |

man, Mark 6, 20. Cf. matchetupanatam,
‘profaned’, Ezek. 22, 26.

wunnegen, ‘ady. of quality’ (El. Gr. 22)
and adj. (it is) good, pleasant (used by
Eliot sometimes as the equivalent of

wunne, but, strictly regarded, wunne or |

wunnt is applicable to the abstract, the
possible or suppositive, or the subject,
wunnegen to the conesete, the actual,
or the object; yet Eliot was compelled
to employ the latter form to express
abstract good. See wunnegik*): wun-
naumun... na en wunnegen, he saw
. . . that it was good, Gen. 1, 4, 10, 18;
ne wunnegen ut wuskesukqut, the thing
was good in his eyes, Gen. 41, 37; ‘he
was content’ with it, Ley. 10, 20; anue
wunnegen, (it is) better, a better thing,
Matt. 18, 8, 9; wt wunnegen ohkeit,
wunnegen nutahtauonk, ‘in pleasant
places, . . . I (have) a goodly heritage’,
Ps. 16, 6; (rare in) pl. wunnegenash,
good things, Matt. 12, 35; y. subst.
negat. matla wunnegeninna@, -no, it is not
good, Gen. 2, 18; 2 Sam. 17, 7; Matt.
19, 10; quenau wanne wunnegenninagk,
thenceforth it is (will be) good for noth-
ing, Matt. 5, 13; wanne wunnegennin-
nagk, no good thing will (he withhold),
Ps. 84, 11.

[*Foot NoTeE.—‘‘ On reflection lam convinced
that wunnegen is, primarily, the contracted in-
finitive, or 3d pers. sing. indic. pres. of a verb
wunnegendt, to be good, as wunnesendt, to do
good or well. From this verb wunnegik and
(negat.) wunnegenninneng, ete., are regularly
formed. No, it is the inanimate noun, or 3d

pers. pres. indic., meaning ‘good thing’
(bonum or kadov) or ‘it is good’,’’]

|

wunnegen—continued.

[Abn. Srighen, ‘cela est bon, beau’,
Rasles. Narr. wunnégin, céwish [kéuesh],
welcome, sleep here, R. W. 38. Del.
wu lie chen, it is good or well done,
Zeish. Voe. 34.]

*wunnegennue, ady. famously, C. 228.
wunnegik, wanegik, -guk, that which

is good, a good thing, 2 Tim. 1, 14:
nishnoh waneguk, every good thing,
Philem. 6; ne teagua wanegik, any good
thing, Josh. 21, 45; wahteouun wanegik
kah machuk, to know good and eyil,
Gen. 3, 5; pl. wunnegikish, wanegikish
(more commonly wanegugish), good
things, Josh. 23, 14, 15; Ps. 103,5. See
waonégugish.

*wunnégin waupi. See *wunndgehan.

wunnehteauunat, y. t. inan. to beautify
(it), to render beautiful or pleasing, Is.
60, 13: noh wunnehteow nishnoh teag, he
has made everything beautiful, Ecel.
a}, ile

(Del. wuliton, to make (something)

well; maniton, to make (?), Zeisb. Gr.
160; paliton, to spoil something, to do
it wrong, ibid. ]

wunnéhtmnuhquamuo, it buds, Is.
27, 6.

*wunnekuonk, n. the birth of a child,
birth, Ind. Laws vu, 7.

*wunneneehhuaé, kindly, C. 228.

wunneneheonat, y. t. an. to do well
toward (or do good to) another: wunene-
heog nag wanenehukqueagig, if ye do
good to them that do good to you, Luke
6, 33; wunnenehikk@, (do not my
words) do good to (him), Mie. 2, 7;
woh kaneneheodog, (when) ye may do
them good, Mark 14,7; wunneneheontuh
wame, let us do good to all men, Gal.
6, 10. From wunne-unneheonat.

wunneonat, y. t. an. to beautify, to
make beautiful, to make good (?): wun-
neh, kuhhog nashpe . . . wunneetuonk,
‘deck thyself with . . . excellency’
(beauty), Job 40, 10. See wunnenehed-
nat.

wunnepog, n. a leaf, Ley. 26, 36; Is. 64,
6; (wonnepog) Job 13, 25 (wunnépog, C.
164): mnepog, his leat, Jer. 17, 8 (oonee-
pog, Mass. Ps., Ps. 1,3); pl.+quash, Dan.
4,12, 14; ut nochumwe wunnepogqut, on
the tender herb, Deut. 32, 2; meechu
wunnepogquash, he eats herbs, Rom.

TRUMBULL]

wunnepog—continued.
14, 2, =wunnepaquash, Ps. 105, 35, =wun-
eg eee Mark 4, 32:
meetsuonk, *

15, 17.

wulnepogque |
Prov.
bitter

a dinner of herbs’,
Cf. weesadtippogquosh,
herbs, Ex. 12, 8; Num. 9, 11.

[Narr. wunnépog, leat, pl. +-guash,
R.W.89. Del. wu ni pak, Zeisb. Voce. 35. ]
wunnesenat [wunne-ussendit], v. i. to do
good, to do well, Num. 24, 13; Mark
3 dl.
[Del. wulilissin, to be good;
good, handsome, Zeisb. Gr. 166. ]

wulisso,

*wunnetodahtauinat, v. t. caus. to make
3d pers. @netoduhtiuinat, ‘to
make (it) good’, C. 226.
wunnetue, wunnetu, adj.

Ps. 112, 5; beautiful, Gen.
Chr. 16, 29 (wunnetodé, good, bonus,
C. 226); wunnetou, a good man, Ps. 112,
5; Matt. 12, 35. Cf. wenawwetu, rich.
[Narr.wunnétu, ‘properand personal’,
R. W.60; wunnétunita, my heart is good,
ibid. ]
*wunnetunat, to be good:
(thou) to be good, C. 226

wunnetuonk, omne-, n. eauneee Proy.
20, 6; excellency, beauty, Job 14, 10:
anetuonk, his beauty, its beauty, 2 Sam. |
1,19; 14, 25; wutche kaneetuonk, for thy
good, Deut. 10, 13.

*wunniish (or nehunishshash), fare you
well, C. 227.

*wunnikketeauunat (?): nuttantikké
wunnikkétéam, I am pretty well, C. 225.
See keteau.

[Narr. konkeetedug, they are well, R.
28.]

wunninabpehteau, he maketh (it) dry,

of the sea, Hag. 1, 4.

good;

an. good,
29, 17; 1

kanetiinat,

See nunassendt.

wunniyeu, wunnaiyeu [wna yeu), adj.
an. (?) (he is) happy, Job 5, 17; Ps.
127, 5; 187, 8, 9: noh wunniyeu, happy is
he who, Proy. 16, 20; anue wunniyeu, |
more happy, 1 Cor. 7, 40 eee :
wunniyeuog, are (they) well? C
See wunne; wunnegen.

*wunniyete, ady. happily, C.

wunnogkus, (his) belly, Lev.
kendgkus, thy belly, Cant.

228.

11, 42: |

7, 2. See
menogkus.

wunnogkussue, -usse, adj. of the belly;
as n. bowels, Col. 3, 12; Acts 1, 18.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

203

wunnogque, wunogkme [ =wunne-hogk,
eed Dodieg or well-covered], adj. fat,
1 Sam. 28, 24; Ezek. 34, 20; as v. wundg-
koog, they shall grow fat, Deut. 31, 20;
mo ahche wunogkw, he was very fat,
Judg. 3, 17.

[Narr. wauwunockdo, it is fat, R. W.

143. ]

wunnogqutcheg, pl. they who are fat,
the fat, Is. 10, 16; Ezek. 34, 16; =wadnog-
qutcheg.

| wunnohquodt: pish wunohquodt, it will

be fair weather, Matt. 16, 2 (weekoh-
quat, fair weather; wunnohquat, pleasant
weather; wekeneankquat, warm weather,
C. 158).
[Narr. wekineatiquat,
R. W. 81.]
wunnohteahuau, he maketh peace, Ps.
147, 14.
wunnohteauunat, y. t. to set up, to
erect: wunnohtéog, they set up (towers),
Is. 23, 13.
wunnompamukquok (after adt),
open place’, Gen. 38, 14.
wunnompeuhkohteaonk, n. craftiness,
Eph. 4, 14; wunnombeukanittuonk, a con-
spiracy, 2 K.17,4. Cf. aswmkekodtedma.
wunnompeuhkonat, vy. t. an. to beguile,
to deceive by craft: wunnompeuhkonomp,
he beguiled (Eve), 2 Cor. 11, 3
wunnompewessu, adj. ‘subtile’,
Gen. 3, 1 (=nehtémpuwissuéni, 2 Sam.
Ne. 83) ady. sub-
tilely, 1 Sam. 23, 22; (-wwdew) with
guile, Ex. 21, 14; wunnompuwussuwde,
with subtlety, Gen. 27, 35; 2 K. 10, 19.
wunnompuwussinneat, y. i. to be
crafty or subtle, to deceive by craft
(with affix of 3d pers. pl. Eph. 4, 14).
wunnompuwussuonk, n. subtlety (mn-
omp-, his subtlety, 2 Cor. 11, 3).
wunnomwausseonk, n. righteousness,
right-doing, Proy. 11, 18; Matt. 5, 6.
wunnomwayeuonk, n. truth (abstract),

See onndhquat.

fair weather,

See wunnash.

‘in an

an.

WUNNOMpPeWUs ssuéeu,

Ex. 34, 6; Prov. 8,7; Rom. 1,18. Cf.
wunnamuhquttee.
wunnonk, n. a dish, 2 K. 21, 13: nwnon-

ganit, in my dish, Matt. 26, 23; C. 161;
wunnonganit, in the dish, Mark 14, 20;
‘platter’, Matt. 23, 25. Cf.
belly; wénogg, a hole (dug

wunonk, wun-
nogkus,

out?).

204 BUREAU

wunnonk—continued.
[Narr. wunudaug [wunndug], ‘a tray’,

R. W. 50; pl. wunnaugdnash. Miem.
Slakan, ‘un plat’, Maill. 10. Del. ula-
canis, a dish; wlacanahen, to make

dishes; ulacanahe-munschi, (dish-tree)
elm tree, Zeisb. ]
wunnonkou, ady. yesterday (El. Gr. 21),
i.e. last evening, John 4, 52:
nonkout, until evening, Josh. 10, 26.
[Del. wu la cu, evening, Zeisb. Voe.
34.]
wunnonkomk, wannonkmok, n.
(when it was) evening, the evening,
Gen. 1, 5, 8, 13, 18.
[Narr. wunnduquit, evening, R. W.
67. Del. wulacaniwi, in the evening;
wulaquike, ‘last night’, Zeisb. Gr. 171
(‘this evening’, ibid. 178).]

pajeh wun-

wunnonkqude, adj. and adv. in the |

evening, of evening, Zeph. 3, 3; Gen.
30, 16; Esth. 2, 14.

[Miem. Selag, ‘ce soir’, Maillard 28.
Del. wulaku, (in the) evening, Zeisb.
Gr. 171.]

wunnonuhkauonat.
bnat, to flatter.

See wadunonuhkau-

wunnonuhkowaonk, n. flattery, Dan.
11, 21 (wouweka@wiionk, C. 220).

wunnoohwhosinneat, y. i. (to be)
adorned, C. 217 (as participle): pish
kenashpe thou shalt

31, 4+. See

wunneowhos, be

adorned with, Jer. wun-
neonat.

wunn®hamoonk, n. a yaluation or es-
timated value (for ransom?), Ley. 27,
16: kanwhamoonk, thy valuation (value
fixed by thee), Lev. 27, 12, 13.

wunnowdonk [wunne-nmuwdonk], n. a
covenant, an agreement: nomowdaonk,
my covenant, Gen. 17, 4; nutayim no-

9.

els

nawdaonk, | make my covenant, v.
mnowdaonk, his covenant, the covenant
of, Ps. 78, 10; 105, 8
ayimaiek nashpe magaonk, ‘make a coy-

. wunnowdonk

enant with me bya present’, Is. 36, 16.
wunnowénat, y. t. an. to make a league

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

with, Dan. 11, 6; to covenant with: |

wunnohteahuau, he maketh peace, Ps.
147, 14.

*wunnuhketeaonkannu: sun wunnuh-
keteaonkannu, ‘is it a healthy time’? is
it healthy? C. 225

[BULLETIN 25

wunnumuhkinumunat, vy. t. to turn a
a thing upside down, 2 K. 21, 13: mnum-
uhkinumun, he turned it upside down,
Ps. 146, 9.

*wunnupkomiyaonk, n. opportunity,
C. 163.

wunnuppauhwhunne,
Deut. 4, 17.

wunnuppoh, (her or its) wing, the wing
or wings of (constr. ), Job 39, 26; 1 K.
6, 24: pasuk wunnuppoh, one wing (of),
2 Chr. 3, 12 (wunniippoh, a wing, pl.
+whunash, C. 156).

(Narr. wunntp,

R. W. 85. ]

wunnuppohwhun, wunnuppuwhun,
wunnupwhun, n. (his, her, or its)
wing (constr. +oh, the wing or wings
of), Deut. 32, 11: wunnuppulwhunduh,
their wings, 2 Chr. 3, 11; Job 39, 26;
pasuk wunnuppohwhunoh, one wing (of),

adj. winged,

wing, pl. -pash,

2 Chr. 3, 11; ut wunnuppawhunit, on
the wings of, 2 Sam. 22, 11; ut woskeche
upon her wings,
11; mogkinnupuhwhunau, hav-

wunnuppohwhunit,
Deut. 32,
ing great wings; quogquonipuhwhunau,
long-winged, Ezek. 17, 3.
wunnupwoaonk, pl. -ongash, (his) prov-
erb, proverbs, Proy. 25, 1.

See nuppoh.

See siogka-
waonk; waantamweyeuonk.

wunnussmog, n. pl. (his) testicles, Deut.
23, 1: adj. wunnussue, Job 40, 17; quosh-
qurnussoont, one who has his testicles
broken, Ley. 21, 20.
pair (?).

wunnutcheg, wunnutch, n. (his) hand.
See menutcheg.

wunogkme.

wunowhonat, y. t. an. to fix a valua-
tion on, to value (for ransom?):
mnowhoh, he shall value him, Ley. 27,

From NeeSUOg, &

See wunnogque.
pish

12; inan. wunwmhamundt: pish wonaha-
mun, he shall estimate it, Lev. 27, 14.
Cf. manmhai.
wus, n. the brim or edge, (of a cup) 2
Chr. 4,5: ut wussadt, on the edge of (a
curtain), Ex. 26, 4, 5; on the brim of,
2 Chr. 4, 5; pl. wussash, the borders of,
PANS ils WE
[Narr. wiss, ‘the edge or list’ (of
cloth), R. W. 134. ]
wusdpinuk, wussapinuk [wus-appinuk,
that which is on the edge of], n. the
bank or margin (of a river, ete.), 2 K.

TRUMBULL]

wusdpinuk, wussapinuk—continued.
2,13; Dan. 12, 5: kishke wussdpenuk, by
the bank, Deut. 4, 48; wussdpinuk ut
sepuut, on the bank of the river, Gen.
41, 17; dnuwutchuan wussdbanukquosh,
(it) overflowed its banks, Josh. 3, 15
(wussdppinuk, a bank, C. 158, 160).
wushikm, he sneezed, 2 K. 4, 35.
*annuonk; *nanagkwonk; *sannegkwonk.
wushim-in, n. a daughter-in-law, ason’s
wife, Matt. 10, 35: kushim, thy daugh-
ter-in-law, Gen. 38, 24; (son’s wife)
Ley. 18, 15; wushimoh (constr.), his
daughter-in-law, Ley. 20, 12.
[Del. chuwmm, Zeisb. Abn.
‘ma bru (dit le pére)’.]
wushimoh, n. constr. (his) daughter-
in-law, (his) son’s wife, Gen. 38, 11;
wuhshimoh, 16.
*wushdéwunan (Narr.), n.
Tit Vio tei
wushpunnauonat, y. t. an. and inan. to
bind up, to bind to or upon, an. ending
and inan. obj.: wshpunauoh noaochum-
wehtahwhaongash, he bound up_ his
wounds, Luke 10, 34; wushpunnaush
kummoxunash, bind on thy sandals,
Acts 12, 8; noh woshpununk sheavesash,
he who binds the sheaves, Ps. 129, 7.
Cf. assepinum; kishpinum, ete.
wuskanneém, n. seed (semen), lit. his or
its seed (?) (cf. skannémunash, seeds,
Gen. 1,11, 12); of plants or grain, Ley.
27, 16; Matt. 8, 20, 22, 23: wuskannem
mustard, a mustard seed, Matt. 13,31; of
man, Gen. 38, 9; weepamawe (-muiwde),
wuskannem, semen virile, Ley. 15, 16,
18; 19, 20; pl. wuskannemuneash, -nash,
seeds, Matt. 13, 31; seed corn, Gen. 47,
19, 23, 24; wskan-, his seed, Ley. 27, 16;
koskan-, thy seed, Deut. 11, 10. [wuske-
minneash (?), but ef. wuskenuunneat, to
be young.*] See sohqui.

See

nesem,

the hawk,
See quanunon.

[*Nore.—In another place in the manuscript
occurs the note ‘“skannem-un, with pronom.
prefix.’’]

[Del. woch ga nihm, seed, Zeisb. Voe.
34.]

wuskappeum (?), n. (his) concubine:
koskappeumog, thy concubines, Dan. 5,
23. See wshkappeum.

wuske, weske, adj. and ady. (1) new,
Is. 65, 17: wuske ketassmt, a new king,
Ex. 1, 8; wuske teag, a new thing, Num.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

205

| wuske, weske—continued.

16, 30; wuske moanak, new cloth, Matt.
9, 16; pl. wuskeaiash kah nukonne hiash,
things new and old, Matt. 13, 52. (2)
young: wuske penomp, a young virgin,
1 K. 1, 2; but rarely used in this sense
except in compound words; ef. wusko-
shim, ete. (3) first in time, of or at the
beginning: weske kutchissik, in the be-
ginning, Gen. 1,1; wutch weske kesukout,
from the first day, Dan. 10, 12; wutch
weske, from the very first, Luke 1, 5.
Cf. aske.

[Cree wéskutch, formerly, Howse 33.
Del. wuskiyeyu, it is new, Zeisb. Gr. 165;
wuski, new, ibid. 168; a little while ago,
ibid. 172.]

wuskehettuonk, n.
violence or hurt suffered, a wound,

See woskehittuonk,

ete.
wuskehuwaonk, n.
violence, ete.
wusken, -in, n. a youth, a young man,
Gen. 4, 23; 41, 12; Eccl. 11, 9; Matt.
19, 20, 22° dim. wuskenes: ken wuskenes,
thou art but a youth, 1 Sam. 17, 33;
wuskenesu, adj. an. he was a youth, 1
Sam. 17, 42 (awiiskenin, nunkomp, a young

See woskehuwdonk,

man; wusskennin, a girl, C. 157). Cf.
nunkomp.

(Narr. wuskéne, a young man, R. W.
124.]

wuskenue, adj. and ady. of youth:
kaskenue, of thy youth, Eeel. 11, 9; 12, 1.

wuskenuoonk, n. youth, the season of
youth, Eccl. 11, 10; Ps. 103, 5.

wuskenuunneat, y. i. to be young:
wutche wuskenuunneat, from his youth,
1 Sam. 17, 33; wutche naskenwunneat,
from my youth, Matt. 19, 20; wuskenu-
wuskenw, he is young (as n. a young
man, a youth, 1 Sam. 17, 55; obj.
wuskénuh, Gen. 18,7); wuske nuog, they
are young (asn. pl. young men, youths,
Is. 40, 30; Jer. 31, 13); ash wuskenua,
he was yet a youth, Judg. 8, 20. [The
form indicates ‘to become’, ‘to grow’
(-ena) . J

wuskesuk, (his) eye, (his) face.
muskésuk.

wuskishim. See wuskoshiin.

wuskittamwus [wzyske-mittamwus], n. a
young woman, Ruth 4, 12; (pl. obj.)
Tit. 2, 4

See

206 BUREAU OF
wuskodtuk, n. the forehead, Ex. 28, 38;
Bzek, 8, 9: kuskodtuk, thy forehead, vy.
8; ut wuskodtugqut, on his forehead,
Rey. 14,9. See muskodtuk; woskeche.
[ Narr. mscdttuck, the forehead, R. W.
58. ]
wusk6n, n. (his) bone, Job 2, 5; Ezek.
37, 7; pl. +ash, Judg. 19, 29; Ezek.
37, 1, 3: muskonash, the bones, Proy.
14, 30 (wishkon, weshkeen, C. 157 [but
perhaps only of a broken bone]). See
dskon; muskon; ohkon; oskon.
[Del. woch kan, bone, Zeisb. ]
wuskonontup, n. the skull, 2 K. 9, 35;
Judg. 9,53; Mark 15, 22; =wuskon-dntup,
bone-head; so, mishkonéntup [= mishe-
wuskon-ontup |, John 19, 17 (muskonontip,
C. 157). Cf. chepiontup; inishkonéntup.
wuskoshim, wuskishim, adj. young
(of an animal) : calfe wuskoshim, a young
calf, Ley. 9, 2; wuskishin, a young
(pigeon), Gen. 15, 9.
[Del. wusk chum, a young creature,
Zeish. ]
wuskoshimwus, n. a whelp; pl.--sog,
Prov. 17, 2; Nah. 2, 12: dim. wuskosh-
imoomés, Deut. 33, 22; Nah. 2, 12.
wuskuhwhun-an, n. a dove, Cant. 5,
12s LOSS els Mass enon te
{Narr. wuskéwhdan, a pigeon; wusko-

whannanaikit [wuskowhannan-aukit (?)],
the pigeon country, R. W. 87.]

wusqheonkane, -ongane, adj. bloody,
Ex. 4, 25, 26.

[Narr. mishque, néepuck, the blood;
mishquinash, the veins, R. W. 60° (iis-
quineash, ibid. 158). ]

wusq(ue)heonk, n. (his) blood, Num.
Rey. 14, 20; Matt. 16, 17: nas-
gheonk, my blood, John 6, 54, 45, 56;

Qn 99.
bi phe

asqheonk, his blood, Gen. 37, 26; 42, 22;
Ezek. 8, 18. Ct. musquéhonk, blood.
wussags6hou, n. (her)
24, 30. See sogkussohhou.

wussampenat, y. i. to view or look out
(from): n@samp, I looked (from my
window), Proy. he
looked (from the window), Cant. 2, 9;
yeug wosompitcheg, they who look (out
from windows), Eccl. 12, 3. Cf. nadtau-
wompu; womompendat.

earring, Gen.

7, 6; wussampu,

[Narr. wussaumpatammin, to view or
look about, R. W. 75; wussaum pata-
moonck, a prospect, ibid. ]

AMERICAN

| wussapinuk.

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
See wusdpinuk.
*wussappe, adv. thinly, C. 280; wussdppi
woppinnok, thin air, ibid. 176. See
wossabpe.
wussaume, ady. too, extremely, very
greatly, Gen. 34, 7 (wussémme, C. 173):
wussaume peasin, ‘too strait’, 2 K. 6, 1;
were
very wroth, Gen. 34, 7; mahshagquod
wussaume, ‘the famine was grievous’,
Gen, 12,

wussa@ume musquanatamwog, they

10; wussaume néohk, ‘it the
way be too long’, if the place be too
far off, Deut. 14, 24.

[Narr. wussaiime kusdépita, it is too hot
(to be eaten); cosatime sokeniimmis, you
have poured out too much, R. W. 34.
Cree oosdm, overmuch, Howse 33. Del.

wsami, too much, Zeisb. Gr. 172.]
wussaumepoh, (he is) gluttonous, a

glutton, Matt. 11, 19 (

waénin, Luke 7, 34).

pooonk.
wussaumepowaeénin, n. a glutton,

Deut. 21, 20; wussaumepmwaen, Proy.

235 2
wusseet, n. (his) foot.
*wusséke (Narr.), ‘the hinder part of a

deer’ (or other animal), R. W. 143.

[Del socan, the hind part of any

creature, Zeisb. Voce. 11.]
*wussekitteahhuonat(wiussikkiteahonat,

C. 237), to please:

pleased; nassekittedh, IT please, C. 204.

See weekontamtindt.
wussenat, v. i. to flee: nwmsem,I flee, (or)

T fled, 1 Sam. 4, 16; pish na@semun, we

vihquodtam-
See *wussomup-

See musseet.

-hittinneat, to be

will flee, Is. 30,16; kasemua, you flee;
wussemaog, they flee, v. 17; Proy. 28,1;
wussem@ (=-au), he fled from, Ex. 2,
15; toh-
wulch wussemoan, wherefore didst thou
flee away? Gen. 31, 27.
*wusséntam (Narr. ), ‘he goes a wooing’,
R. W. 124; wussenettiock, ‘they make a
match’, ibid.

wussentamoonk, n.
99 7

ZL, (.

*wussentamunat, to marry: nmseentam,
IT marry, C. 201.

wussentamwéen, n. a bridegroom (one:
who marries): wessentamwden, Jer. 16, 9.

wussénuménat, y. i. to be a son-in-law
of (to marry the daughter of ?), 1 Sam.
18, 18, 23,27: wussénum ketassoot, ‘be the:

wussemak, flee ye, Jer. 49, 8;

Cf. ussishdnat.

See weetauoménat, ete.
a wedding, Matt.

See weetawoménat.

TRUMBULL]

wussénumonat—continued.
king’s son-in-law’, 1 Sam. 18, 22; pish
ken waseenumukqueh, thou shalt be my
son-in-law, 1 Sam. 18, 21; wasénumuk-
quiche, a son-in-law, Judg. 15, 6.

wusshashquobok (?), n. the flag (a water
plant), Job 8, 11.

wussin, he saith, 3d pers. sing. indic.
pres. from ussindt or wussindt.

*wussinninneat, y. i. to adorn (one’s
self), to make handsome;
adorn; noh wussinnu, he adorneth, C.
179.

*wussinnuontamunat, ‘to be adorned’,
©. 179 (to adorn one’s self with, inan.
obj. 2).

wussisses, wussusses, (his) uncle (con-
sanguineus?), Esth. 2, 7; father’s broth-
er, Ley. 10, 4: n@susses, my uncle, Jer.
32, 8; kussusses, thy uncle, Jer. 32,
mshes-oh, 1 Sam. 10, 14; 14, 50; wmmit-
tamwussoh oshesoh, his unele’s wife,
Ley. 20, 20 (wshesin, an uncle, C. 162).
Dimin.from she. Cf. adtonkgs, ‘cousin’.

[Narr. wiissese, an uncle; nissesé, my
uncle, R. W. 44. ] \
wussisseton.
wussittumomonk, n. judgment, sentence,
Rom. 5, 16; Is. 9, 7: wsittummonk, his
judgment, Rom. 2, 2.
wussittumunat, v.t. inan. (and intrans. )
to judge, to pass judgment on, 1 Chr.
16, 33; Ps. 96, 13: wussittumundt awa-
kompande, to condemn, John 3, 17;
nosittum, I judge, Ezek. 34, 17; ken

1;

ken wassittuman, thou mayest

judge, thou when thou judgest, Rom. 2,

1; wussittum, he judges, 1 Cor.

Cf. mishashq.

noosin, I

=“)

‘5

See mussissitton, a lip.

kasittum, thou who judgest, Rom. 2,
who

2,15; wus-
sittuk, when he judges, Rom. 2, 16; noh
wussittuk, he who judges (when he
judges), the judge of, Gen. 18, 25;
wasittumwdg, if ye judge, Matt. 7, 2;
wussittich nashaue ken kah nashaue neen,
let him judge (the matter) between
thee and me, Gen. 16, 5.
wussittumwaen, -in, n. a judge, one
who judges; pl. -aenuog, judges (as in
title of the book of Judges).
wusso: noh IWUSSO, she is a man’s wife,

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

|
|
1

Gen. 20,3 (she ‘who is another man’s |

wife’, Ind. Laws x1,8). Cf. mittamiwus;

ummittammussoh.
{[Abn.
mulier).]

nS3ssi, suis mariée (ait

je

207

wussohsumoonk, (his or its) glory, hx
24,16, 17. Cf. sohswmnaonk, 1 Cor. 15,
41.

*wussomsippam@onk, n. drunkenness,
C. 165.

*wussomuppooonk, n. gluttony, C. 165
{wussaume ulpmoonk, excessive feed-
ing].

*wussoohquatt6minash,
C. 164: wussohquattomis, a walnut tree,
ibid.

*wussoohqtohham, y. i.:
ham, I write; sun woh kas@hqahham, can
you write? C. 216.

See sohsiimmma; wohsumaonk.

See wussa@umepowaen in.

pl. walnuts,

nasoolhgioh-

*wussoquat (Narr.), n. a walnut tree;
“Of
these they make an excellent oil, ...

wusswaquatomineug, walnuts.
for their anointing of their heads.’’—
R.W. 90. From sussequndt, to anoint (?).
[Peq. wishquuts, walnut tree, Stiles. ]
*wussuckhosu (Narr.), adj. painted,
R. W. 107; a painted coat (or skin), ibid.
154.
*wussuckwhommen (Narr.), to paint,
R. W. 66.
wussue [=wusseu (?)]: wussue olikuk, ‘a

See wussukhwmundt.

seething pot’, Jer. 1, 13; y. i. imperat.
wussish, seethe thou it, Ezek. 24, 5;
wasit olikuk (condit.), a pot when it
seethes, ‘a seething pot’, Job 41, 20.
See wunnash.

wussukeh, (her) husband; constr. the
husband of; y. subst. ken wussukkiin,

26.

95

thou art a husband, Ex. 4, 25, See
wasukeh.

wussukhumauonat, y. t. an. and inan.
to write anything to or for a person:
kosukkuhhumduununnaont, to write to
you, 2 Cor. 9,1; Jude 3; toh dnsuhkhum
ne nuttinsuhkhumun, what I have (is)

have written, John 19,

written I
kasukkuhhunduonumua, I write to you,
1 John 2, 12.

wussukhumunat, wussukkuhhumu-
nat, y. t. to write, Luke 1, 3: woh no-
sukkuhhum, I would write (it), 3 John
13; wussuhkom, wussukhum, he wrote,
Ex. 34, 28; any, PR diojovn ih ep

nukkodwussukhumup, I was about to

Num.

write, Rey. 10, 4; ahque wussukwhush,
do not write, ibid.; yeush nosukkuhhum-
unash, | write these things, 1 Cor. 4, 14
(wussohkhamiinat wussukqtohhonk, tox

wrice a book, C. 216).

208 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

wussukhumunat, etc.—continued.

[Narr. wusstickquash, ‘write a letter’;
wusstickwheke, -yimmi (2), write, ‘make
me a letter’ [for wusstickwhonk ayimeh
(2) ]; wussuckwheke, wussvickwhonck, alet-
ter. ‘From wussuck-whémmen, to paint;
for, having no letters, their painting
comes the nearest.’’—R. W. 66. ]

wusstikqun, n. a tail of an animal, Job
40,17; Is.9, 14: wussukquat, by the tail,
Ex. 4, 4.

[Narr. wusstickqun, a'tail, R. W. 108.
Abn. Sseg8né, queue (de castor). Del.
schu cku ney, Zeisb. ]

*wussukqtohhonk, n. a book, C. 216.

*wussukwhdésuonk, n. writing, Ex. 32,
16; (‘evidence’) Jer. 32, 14, 16, ete.:
ut wussukwhonganit, ‘in a book’, Ex.
17, 14, but elsewhere ut bakut wussuk-

whonk, Dan. 5,25. (Ona blank leat of

|

the copy of Eliot’s Bible which is before |

me a former owner has left his auto- |

graph, ‘‘nen Elisha, yeu nossohquohwonk”
(my book), and underneath, in Eng-
lish, ‘‘I Elisha, this my hand.’ )

wussumitteaonk, n. judgment or sen- |

tence (incurred, referred to the object),
Job 27, 2.

wussumonat, y. t. an. to judge, to pass
sentence on, to condemn, 1 K. 3, 9: (3d
pers. sing.) msuménat, Is. 3, 13; kasuin
kuhhog, thou condemnest thyself, Rom.
2a: naumaiuonk (for kaosittum?),
thou judgest the law, James 4, 11; ah-
que msumok, judge (ye) not, Matt. 7, J;

wosumont, wadussumont, wasumont, par-
ticip. judging, he who judges, 2 Tim.
4,1; James 4, 11; Job 21, 22; (wus-)
Proy. 29, 14; wussumau, he judges
(them), Ps. 7,11; mswmuh, he sentenced

him (‘gave sentence’), Luke 23, 24; |

wsumouh, they judge him, 1 Cor. 14,
24; kesumomwop, ye have condemned
(him), James 5, 6; kasitteamiwa, ye are

condemned, y. 9; matta awakompande |

wussumau, he is not condemned, John
3, 18.

wussusses. See wvss

wut-, prefixed to the name of a place or
people, forms a gentile or ancestral
noun, as wut-Hebrew, the Hebrew, Gen.
14, 13; wut-Amorite, ibid.: so ukkananit,
the Canaanites, v. 21; wut-Egyptianseog,
the Egyptians, Ex. 7, 18; wut-ohkit, an
inhabitant of; wut-dhtu, Acts 20, 4.

SES.

wutahtomp, (his) bow. See ohtomp.
wutamehpunaonk, n. trouble, Neh. 9,
32. See wuttamantamunat.

wutamiyeu (ady. as n.), the hind parts
of man or other animal, behind: ut
wutamiyeu, ‘into the draught’, Matt.
15, 17; wtdmiyeu, his hinder part (op-
posed to wuskesuk), Joel 2, 20; atdami-
yeumoash, their hinder parts (of ani-
mals), 2 Chr. 4, 4 (auttommiyeu, as
prep. behind, C. 285). See wuttdt.

[Cree uttémik, underneath, Howse

34.]

wutappin, n. his bed, Cant. 3, 7.
appin.

See

wutchaiyeumo, it belongs to (him).
See wadchinat.

wutchaubuk. See wadchdbuk.

wutche, wutch, wtch, prep. from, Eccl.
3, 11; Ps. 78, 4; for, Eccl. 3, 1; instead
of, in the place of, 1 Pet. 3, 18; because
of: nenan wutche, for the same cause,
Phil. 2, 18; ne wutche, for the cause that,
for that cause, therefore (see newutche) ;
noh wutchu, ‘of him’ (as a cause or
source), Rom. 11, 36. See meh; wadchi-
nat; waj. Ct. wtshoh (wutchisheauw), the
active form.

(Narr. 0 wuché, trom hence, R. W. 74.

Del. untschi, of, by, therefore; wuntschi,
of, on account of; wentschi, therefore, for
this reason, Zeisb. Gr. 178; wntschi, wunt-
schi, wentschi, of, from, on account of,
for the sake of, ibid. 182.]

*witchéhwau (?), her mother, C. 162.
See ékas. ;

[Narr. witchwhaw (and okdsu), a

mother; nichwhaw, my mother, R. W.
44.]

wutcheken, wutchegen, it bears, yields,
brings forth, produces: wutchegen mee-
chum, it bore fruit, Luke 8, 8; wutcheken
almondsash, it yielded almonds,
Num. 17,8; pish wiitcheken . . . waégo-
gish, he shall yield . . . dainties, Gen.
49, 20; pish wutcheken pasuk bath, (the
land) shall yield one bath, Is. 5, 10.
wutchekoo: wunnutcheg wutchekoa, his
hand was leprous, Ex. 4, 6.
wutcheksuayeu, -iyeu, ady. westward,
to the west, Gen. 13, 14; wutcheksuau,
northwestward, Acts 27, 12 (=puhtadtu-
niyeu and maquamittinniyeu, Mass. Ps.,
Ps. 75, 6; 103, 12; 107; 3).

TRUMBULL]

wutcheksuayeu, -iyeu—continued.
[Narr. chékesu, the northwest, R. W.

83; Chekesuwand, the western god, ibid.
110.]

wutchepwaiyeu, -w0diyeu, -woayeu,
ady. eastward, to the east:
wutchepwoiyeu, from the east, Is. 41, 2;
IPamlOV ros

[Narr. chepewéssin, the northeast wind,

R. W. 83.]

wutchepwosh, n. the east wind, Job 27,
21 [the northeast wind (?); see (Narr. )
chepewéssin] (wutchepwoshe wittin, east
wind, C. 158): suppos. wadchepwashik,
when the wind is east, when the east
wind blows, Is. 27, 8.

*wutchettuonganog, ancestors, C. 162.
See mchetuonganog, parents.

*wutcheyéué, ady. merely, C. 229.

wutchiinneat, y. i. to be profited or ad-
vantaged (to profit by).
neat.

wutchimau, y. (he blames’); pass. he is
blamed, 1 Tim. 3, 2.

wutchinat, wutchinneat.
nat; *6teshem.

*wutchipattukque mésunk,
hair, C. 168.

wutchémqut: ut wutchdmqut kéhtahhan-
nit, in the bottom of the sea, Amos 9, 3.

wutchonquom: wutchonquom matugqut,
to the root of the tree, Matt. 3, 10,

wutche

See achiin-

See wadchi-

curled

=wutchuhquom, Luke 3, 9. Cf. wad-
chabuk, a root.
*wutchumonate, y. t. to blame: nen

nochum, I blame; wutchittinneat, to be
blamed, C.182. See *nwehum, I blame.
-wutohkinneat, wadohkinneat, y. i.
to be an inhabitant of or to dwell in
(a land or country), Neh. 11, 2: yeu
notohkin, here will I dwell, Ps. 132, 14;
wadohkéomp, I dwelt, Gen. 24, 37; uttoh
wodohkeyog, ut toh wédohke, (the land)
which ye shall inhabit, wherein I
(shall) dwell, Num. 35, 34 (ef. uttiyeu
kutohk, what is thy country? Jonah
1, 8); pass. wutokeinat, to be inhabited,
Is. 13, 20; howan

wadchumut, who may dwell in

woh
thy .

26, 2; neg wodohkitcheg, they who dwell

in (a place or country), the inhabit-

ants of, Gen. 26, 7; Is. 9, 2. This
B. A. E., Buu. 25. 14

wadohket ka |

} hill? Ps. 15, 1; wutohkish en |
ohkit, dwell thou in the land, Gen. |

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY 209

wutohkinneat, etc.—continued.
is one of a considerable number of
words which Eliot made use of to ex-
press, approximately, an idea which
the Indian was slow to recelve—that of
fixed and permanent habitation. Thus
ohtauundt, to possess (a place); apin-
neat, to be or remain in a place, to stay;
wutayinneat, to be in a place named, in
this place (yeu, ayeuonk), and, so, to
dwell in (a house, a tent, ete.); weetom-
énat (from wétu), to dwell with, to live
in the house of or with; wutohkinneat,
to be of the land of (wut-ohke), to in-
habit, etc. See wadohkinnedt.

wutohtimoin, n. a nation, Is. 60,12; Jer.
7, 28 (wuttohtimoin, C. 157); pl. wutoh-
timéneash, Gen. 10, 32; Is. 40, 15, 17:
wutohtimoinneunk, the nations (collec-
tively or corporately), Jer. 31, 10.

wutohtu, n. an inhabitant of or one be-
longing toa place: Sopaterwutéhtu Berea,
‘Sopater of Berea’, Acts 20, 4; wutch
wutohtuut Israel, (a captive) ‘from the
land of Israel’, 2 K. 5, 2; wutohtu, ‘he
dwelt’ (was a dweller) in, ete., Gen. 20,
1; 26, 6.

wutompeuk, wuttompek, n. (his) jaws,
Judg. 15, 16, 19: wutombeukanwaash,
their jaws, Job 29, 17; adj. wutompuk-
one, Proy. 30, 14.

wutonkquoskettieuonk, n. poison, Ps.
58, 4. See vihquosket.

wutonse[nat (?)], v. i. to proceed from
or grow from: nutonsem kah nom Godut,
‘I proceeded forth and came from
God’, John 8, 42.

wutontseonk, n. descent, lineage (a
proceeding from), 2 Chr. 31, 19; pl.
-ongash, ‘genealogies’, 2 Chr. 12, 15.
See ontseu.

wutou: 76 adtit wutbu ummeetsuonk, she
‘bringeth her food from afar’, Proy.
31, 14.

wutmshimau, n. appel. the father, in-

dividual for the class, Mark 13,12. See
cshe.
Wutoshin(ne), n. the Father; obj.
Wutashinneuh, John 6, 45, 46.
wutmshinneunk, n. the fathers (col-

lectively), Num. 31, 26; Mal. 2,
1 John 2, 13. See mshe.

wuttaeiyeu, adj. inan. behind, 2 Sam.
10, 9. [Probably for wutamiyeu.]

10;

210

*wuttagkesinneat, to be wet: nmwtigkes,
I am wet; natagkessimun, we are wet,
C. 215. See wuttogki.

wuttah, his heart. See métah (m’tah).

wuttahhamonk, -unk, n. a well, Gen.

21, 25, 30; 24, 11; John 4, 11: Jakob |

cathomonk, Jacob’s well, John 4, 6; wut-
tohhomonk, ‘the well’, ibid.
ham, he digs (it).
*wuttdhimneash (Narr.), n. pl. straw-
berries, R. W. 90 (wuttahminneoh, a
strawberry, C. 164).
[Chip. odéimini, heart berry, Bar.

441. Del. wte him, Zeisb. (=wuttah-
minne). Alg. oteimin, pl. +-an.]

wuttahtukquosh, n. pl. (his) temples,
Judg. 5, 26 [wut-aeetaue, on each side
(2), or wetahtu-kquosh, brothers or sis-
ters (?)].

wuttaihe, his, (is) his, belongs to him,
Ley. 27, 15, 19, 26: nuttaiheh kah nen
wuttaiheuh, (he) is mine and I am his,
Cant. 2, 16; nish wuttaiheash Cesar, the
things which are Ceesar’s, Mark 12, 17;
noh wadtiheit, “he wl right it is’, to
whom it belongs, Ezek. 21,27; nuttaihe,
(is) mine, belongs to me, Ps. 60, 7;
nippe nutaihen, the water is ours, Gen.

nauman nuttaihe, all
that thou seest is mine, Gen. 31, 48;
nuttahéin, all... is ours, Gen.
31, 16; ahtéonk kuttahein, the inheritance
shall be ours, Mark 12, 7; wame nuttai-
heog, kuttaiheog, all (an. pl.) mine are
thine, John 17, 10.
wuttamantamunat, y. t. to be troubled,
to have care or trouble about anything
to care, C. 184):
kaotamantam, thou art careful, full of

26, 20; wame ne
» 20;

wame...

(euttanantamunat,

care, Luke 10, 42; wuttamantam, he is
or was troubled, Dan. 5, 9; nwtamana-
tam, I am troubled, Ps. 38, 6; wutta-
manatamok, be ye troubled, Is. 32, 11.
See wuttmantamundt.

[Narr. nétop notammduntam, friend, I
am busy, R. W. 49. Cree dthem-issu,
he is difficult (?); ehayoo, he per-
plexeth, embarrasseth him, Howse. }

*wuttamauog, n. tobacco; wuttammdsin,
give me tobacco, R. W. 55; wuttémma-
gon (and hopudnck), a pipe, ibid. 56.
Peq. wuttummune, a pipe, Stiles. Mass.
sun woh kotam, will you smoke? C. 241,
=kotattam (?), drink (?).

See kuttah- |

[wuttam (he |

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

*wuttamauog—continued.
smokes) is, I think, for wuttamau, t. an.
form of wuttattam, he drinks. Cf. the
Abn. Sdamai, ‘petun’ (tobacco); Sdamé
(=wuttamau, El.), il petune, Rasles. ]
See tihpuankash; wuttoohpoommweonish.
wuttameheonat, vy. t. an. to trouble, to
disturb, to discomfort, to hinder: wtam-
eheonaoont, to trouble them, 2 Chr. 32,
18; ahque wuttamheh, do not trouble me,
Luke 11, 7; ahque wuttamheh kuhhog, do
not trouble thyself, Luke 7, 6; howan
wuttamhehkitch, let no man trouble me,
Gal. 6, 17 (wuttamhudnat, to hinder;
natamehhiiwam, I hinder, C. 194).
[Narr. cotammish (kotamehish, C.
194), I hinder you; cotammime, cotam-
me, you trouble me, R. W. 49. Cree
ootumme-thoo, he is busy; oottéimme-
hayoo, he interrupts him, Howse 82.]
wuttaonk, n. a path: um-may-eue wuta-
onganowash, ‘the paths of their way’,
Job 6,18; wuttaonganit, ‘in their paths’,
Proy. 2, 15; wuttaonganash, her paths,
Prove, 3) site
[Abn. aisdi, chemin; (suppos. ) aii8-
dik. (may is not found in Rasles. ) ]
*wuttapohquot, wet (weather), C. 176.
See wuttogki.
wuttash, pl. wuttaj, let it seethe (boil)?
Ezek. 24, 5 (or is wuttaj for -msh, 2d
pers. sing.?). Cf. wussue.
wuttadt, ady. behind (El. Gr. 21), Judg.
18, 12; behind all, hindermost, Gen.
33, 2 (wultate, after, behind, C. 235):
wuttat wagig, they who are last, Matt.
19, 30; wodtat ohtagish, ‘things behind’,
Phil. 3, 13. See wutamiyeu.
[Del. wtenk, afterwards, Zeisb. Gr.
172; at last, the last, ibid. 178.]
wuttattamoonk, otta-, n. drink, Matt.
25, 35, 42: noottattaméonk, my drink, Ps.
102, 9; wt-, his drink, Is. 32, 6.
wuttattamunat, wadt-, v. i. to drink,
2 Sam. 11, 11; Neh. 8, 12; Esth. 3, 15:
wuttattam, he drank, 1 K. 19, 6; wuttat-
tamwog, they drank, Ex. 24, 11; toh wad-
tattam, What he drinks, 2 Sam. 19, 35;
wuttattamdg, if you drink, 1 Cor. 10, 31;
wuttattash, drink thou, Gen. 24, 14, 18;
Ley. 10, 9; wuttattammk, drink ye, Cant.
5, 1; wuttattaj, let him drink, John 7, 37
(natdttam, I drink; ndgum wuttdttam,
he drinks, C. 189). (wuttattamunat has

TRUMBULL]

wuttattamunat, etc.—continued.
the form of a verb transitive and fre-
quentative. The earlier form of the
intransitive is not found in Eliot. As
meechinat means primarily to eat vege-
tal food, the radical verb from which
wultattamunat is derived signified to
drink water. This earlier form, without
reduplication, may be traced in some
of the phrases given by Roger Williams
and Cotton: aquiewatimatous (ahque wa-
meattoush), do not drink all, R. W. 34;
sun woh katam eyeu, will you smoke it
now? [i. e. drink (?)], C. 241. There
was another word, meaning to drink
(intransitive), whose original form it is
not easy to trace in its compounds.
The radical appears to be sip, related
perhaps to sawpde, subde (q. y.), sup-
pequash (tears); possibly to sepe, sép.
kogkeissippamwaen, a drunkard (koghe-
sip-, C.; kakesup-, Mass. Ps.); tohneit
wonk ohksippamwean, ‘if you will leave
off drinking’, C. 240 [ahque-sip-(?)];
nuttannatam matokgs woh matta missip-
pano sokanunk, ‘I will command the
cloud that it rain no rain upon it’, Is.
5, 6; Ldpsippamhetlit (tapsuppamwehhittit,
Mass. Ps.), ‘when they have well
drunk’ [tdpi-sippam-], John 2, 10;
nup-pomgranatsum cauweeksippaonk, the
(sweet? wekon?) juice of my pomegran-
ates, Cant. 8,2. Cf. musswppeg, a tear.

[Narr. niccdwkatone, I am thirsty,

R. W.33 (=nuk-kohkuttoon); pdutous no-
tatam, give me drink; wuttdttash, drink,
ibid. 34; wuttattumidtta, let us drink,
ibid. 35.]

wuttattamwaitch, n. a spoon, Num. 7,
62, 68; pl.+-uash, v. 86; a cup, Jer. 25,
15; 1 Cor. 10, 21; wuttattamwaidj, Gen.
44, 2 (nolattamwaetch, my cup, C. 161).
From wuttattamwehednat, to give to
drink, to cause to drink, ‘let him (it)
give drink to me’.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

[Narr. kundm, a spoon; pl. kunna- |

mduog, R. W. 50.)

wuttattashdnat, y. t. an. to hide (a
person), Ex. 2, 3: wuttattashuh, she hid
him, Ex. 2,2. [=wuttat-attahshénat, to
hold behind anyone (?); suffix an. form
from adtashau, he hides.] Cf. Wavita-
cone (2); wuttunkhumundt.

[MARGINAL NOTE.—" Wrong.”’]

211

wuttaun, wuttaunoh, (his) daughter;
appel. wuttaunin (wutlonin, C. 162), a
daughter, Matt. 10, 35; constr. wuttau-
noh, the daughter of, 1 Chr. 2, 49; pl.
wuttaunog, wuttanog, wullanwog: nutlau-
nes (nutténnees, C. 162), my daughter,
Deut. 22,17; Judg. 11, 35; kuttaunes, thy
daughter, Gen. 29, 18; nullaunndénog, our
daughters, Gen, 34,9; kutlawnmdog, your
daughters, Gen. 34, 9; Jer. 29, 6; wut-
tinoh nokas, my mother’s daughter,
Gen. 20, 12; wuttaunéunk, n. coll. the
daughters, all the daughters, Judg. 21,
Zit
kit, second daughter.

{Narr. nitta‘inis, my daughter, R. W.
45. Del. wdan, daughter; wda nall, his
daughter, Zeisb. ]

wuttaunaenat (?), to have (as father or
mother) daughters: kah ompetak wulté-
neu, ‘and afterwards she bare a daugh-

Cf. weetahtu; weetompas, See adtoc-

ter’, Gen. 30, 21; matta pish katauniyeu,
thou shalt not have daughters, Jer. 16,
2. Cf. wunndmonaenat.
wuttenantamoonk, n. (his) will, wish,
Mark 3, 35; the will of, the purpose of:
noh aseit wuttenantamdonk nash, he who
doeth the will of my father, Matt. 7, 21;
kuttenantaméonk n nnach, thy will be
done, Matt. 6, 10 ( ne naj, Luke 11,
2);
nnaj, not my will but thine be done,
Luke 22, 42.
wuttin, wuttinne, he himself, she her-
self, ille ipse, the emphatic pronoun
of the 3d pers. sing. :
sunum, how has she become a desola-
tion? Zeph. 2, 15.
*wuttininumékossinat, to serve: wuttin-
numuhkoattinneat, to be served, C. 208.
wuttinneumuhkaudonk, n. his service,
a serving (him), service rendered to,
Ezra 6, 18.
wuttinneumuhkauonat, y. t. an. to
serve (him), 2 Chr. 29, 11; 34, 33:
wuttinneimohkauaog, they served (him),
Gen. 14, 4; kotentimuhkaiiunup, I have
served thee, Gen. 30, 26; caus. wut-
tinneumuhkonuninumukup, thou wast
made to serve, Is. 14, 3; malta kotin-
ninneumuhkonuwahinnoa, IL have not
caused thee to serve, Is. 43, 23.
wuttinniin (?), 3d pers. sing. pres. indic.
from

matta nuttenantamoonk, gut kultaihe

See winantamm@onk.

uttoh wutlin towus-

See unnaiinneat.

wuttinnaiinneat, = wut-unne-aiin-

D2 BUREAU

wuttinniin—continued.
neat, to be like (or such as) himself, to be
of his(own) kind (?):
wuttahhut, ne wuttinniin, ‘as he think-
eth in his heart, so is he’, Prov. 23, 7;

nedne unnantog ut

neaniit wuttinneumin, ne wuttinniin wus-
sontimomun, ‘as with the servant, so
with his master’, Is. 24, 2;
howan, ‘whosoever’, Matt. 16, 24, 25
(wuttinnaiin howan, Proy.6, 29); ne pish
wultinniin, ‘so will be his manner’, 1
Sam. 27, 11. See unnaiinneat.
wuttinnohk6ée, wuttinuhk6e, adj. and
adv. right (dexter), Ex. 29, 20; Lev.
8, 23, 24; Rev. 10, 2: awuttinohkéunit, in
his right hand, Matt. 27, 29; Rev. 2,1
(unninuhkée menitcheg, the right hand,
C. 157).
wuttinnohk6u, (his) right hand, Dan.
12, 7: nuttinnohkou, my right hand, Ps.
73, 23; kuttinnohkou, thy right hand,

43, 25;

wuttinnitin

See muttinnohkéu; nohkéu.

Ps. 18, 35; wutch muttinuhkduneiyeue,
from the right side (of the temple, ete. ),
2Chr. 23,10. See muttinnohkéu; nohkéu.

wuttinnmwaonk, n. (his) command-
ment, Acts 15, 5; the Word, John 1, 1
(= kuttawonk, ibid. ): nuttinawaongash,

[un-
nowaonk, from unnowdnat, anneanait
(q. v.), he commands. ] Cf. kuttoowonk,
kuttoowongash.

wuttinnim, n. (his or her) servant, Gen.
16, 3: awuttinnimun, Gen. 24, 5, 9; awut-
tinneumun, a servant, Ley. 25, 40 (pl.
wuttinninneumun, v.44); kuttinninneum,
thy servants, Ley. 25, 44; nuttinnum,
‘my maid’ (servant), Gen. 16, 2; ‘nut-
tineneum, my man’, El. Gr. 12; wuttin-
neumoh, his seryant (constr.), 2 Sam.
13, 18; wuttinnumoh, Gen. 30, 7; kittin-
num, thy servant, Gen. 16,6; kittinneum,

my commandments, Gen. 26, 5.

Neh. 1, 7, 8; pish katinninneumun, he |

shall serve thee, Ley. 25, 40 (wuttin-
ninumin, a servant; nuttinninnuum, my
servant; wuttinninntimoh, his servant, C.
167; wuttinnumin, a servant, ibid. 208).
wuttinnimuhkausu, adj. an. (is or was)
serving, Gen. 29, 20 (he served).
wuttinniumuhkausuonk, n. service
done, the doing of service, Ezek. 29, 18.
wuttinnimunneat, y.i. to bea servant,
to serve, Ex. 21, 7.
wuttinnimunneunk, n. coll. the sery-
ants collectively, Ex. 21, 7; wuttinneu-
munneunk, Eph. 6, 5.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

wuttinnunkum6in, wuttinonk-, n. a
kinsman, Ruth 3,12; 4, 1.
ain.

wuttinuh, he said to him: howan woh
wuttugqun uttoh, ete., who can tell him
how, ete., Eecl. 8, 7. See hennau.

See weetomp-

[Nore.—The definition was not completed,
Above the words ‘said to”? the compiler wrote
“commanded”’ in pencil.]

wuttinuhk6de. See wuttinnohkée.

wuttinwhunnutcheg, wuttinwhun-
itch, n. (his) finger, Matt. 23, 4; Lev.
4,17, 30; (wuttinuhwhunitch) Ley. 4, 25:
nut-, my finger, John 20, 25; kut-, thy
finger, v. 27; kehtaquanitch, keituhq-,
(great finger,) the thumb, Ex. 29, 20;
Ley. 8, 23, 24; wppuhkukquanitch, (head
of finger,) the tip of the finger, John
16, 24.

*wuttip (Narr.), the (his) brain. ‘‘In
the brain their opinion is, that the soul
keeps her chief seat and residence.’’—
R. W. 58.

*wuttishau (Mass. Ps. ), = atshoh, El., in
John 3, 8, ‘the wind bloweth’; wutti-
shonk, = wutjishont, ibid.

wuttitchuwan, wuttitchowan, wad-
tutchuan, defect. v. (it) flows or
flowed from (after nippe, sepu, ete., in
sing. and pl., with or without the pl.
affix -ash), Ps. 105, 41; John 7, 38:
sepupog wultitchuwan, ‘rivers of water
run down’ (from), Ps. 119, 136; sepu-
ash wadtutchiiog, rivers ran from, Eccl.
1, 7; nuppe wuttitchudnup kah kussitch-
uan anuwutchuwan, ‘the waters gushed
out (from the rock) and the streams
overflowed’, Ps. 78, 20. The several
words which describe running water
are used by Eliot, with little appar-
ent regard to grammatical construc-
tion, as yerb, noun, or adjective, as

The radical

is uncertain, perhaps wutche or ach

(q. v.). In Gen. 2, 10-14, are other

forms of these compounds: sep ne au-

shunk, the river which goeth toward

(flowing), v. 14; seip ne quanupishunk,

which compasseth (flowing about), v.

11, 13; seip wutchishau, a river went out

of (flowed from), vy. 10. Cf. druwutehu-

wan, anitchewan, it overflowed, overflow-
ing; kussitehuan, it flowed in a stream

(n.astream); pamitchuan, pumitchuwan,

it ran or flowed (generally or indefi-

the construction requires.

TRUMBULL]

wuttitchuwan, etc.—continued.
nitely); sohwiitchuan, it flowed out of,
forth from; sohkhetchuan, it gushed out,
burst out, Is. 35, 6; uwnnitchuan, it flowed
to, ran to; woweeyonchuan, it flowed
round about, 1 K. 18, 35.

[Abn. ari’ts8aiin, il coule, v. g. le

sang. ]

wuttogki, n. moisture, Luke 8,6. See
ogqushki, wet, moist; *wuttapohquot, wet

weather; wuttagkesinneat, to become wet. |

[Peq. wuttiggio eyéw-kéezuk weenugh,
wet today, very; waughtiggachy, a‘ deer,
i.e. wet nose’, Stiles. ]

wuttogque. See ogque.
*wuttohkohkmminneonash, pl. black-
berries, C. 164.

wuttohuppa[enat]. See wutiuhppa[en-
at].
wuttompek. See wutompeuk.

wuttontauunat, vy. t. to climb to or into:
wuttontauadt, if he climb up (into it),
John 10, 1; kuténtauohtou, he climbed
up, went by climbing (on his hands and
feet), 1 Sam. 14, 13; néntaudhettit kesuk-
qut, if they climb up to heaven, attain
to by climbing, Amos 9, 2. See toh-
kaotauunat.

[Narr. atduntowash, climb the tree;
ntduntawem, I climb, R. W. 91.]

wuttoohpommweonish, n. tobacco, C.
241. See (Narr. ) wuttamauog; tihpu-
ankash. E

*wuttoonat, to complain: nwtmwam, I
complain; natowap, I did complain,
C. 186; sun katowam nuhhog, did you
complain of me? ibid.

*wuttotukkon: teadche wuttotikkon, ‘it
jJerketh or suddenly twitcheth’, C. 195.

wuttmantamunat, v. t. to care about, to
be careful of, inan. obj. (ewuttanantamu-
nat, to care, C. 186): wuttmantam, he
eareth for, 1 Cor. 7, 32, 34. Cf. wutta-
mantamunat.

wuttmhuppa[enat]. See wuttuhppafen-
at].

*wuttokummissin, a grandmother, C.
162: kokummus, thy grandmother, 2
Tim. 1, 5; (kokummes) thy aunt, Ley.
18, 14.

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

213

| wuttoon, (his) mouth,the mouth of (him),

Ex. 4, 11; Proy. 10,31. See mutton.

*wuttonantamoonk (?), n.
Man. Pom. 86, 1. 1.

*wuttOtchikkinneasin, a grandfather,
C. 162.

*wuttowosketompaog, pl. ‘menofhigh
degree’, Ps. 62, 7.

wuttugk. See wuhtuk.

wuttuhhunk, n. a paddle, Deut. 23, 13.

(Narr. wiitkunck, a paddle or oar,

R. W. 99; patitous nendtehunck [=paud-
taush nattuhhunk}, bring hither my
paddle, ibid. Del. tahacan, paddle, oar,
Zeisb. Voe. 29.]

wuttuhppa[enat (?)], wuttmhup-,
wadhup-, wuttdéhup-, y. i. to draw
water (wuttuhhupponat, Mass. Ps., John
4, 7, 15): wuttuhuppaog, wutuhpaog, they
drew water, Ex: 2, 16; 2 Sam. 23, 16
(= quomphippaog, 1 Chr. 11, 18); wut-
tuhuppak, draw ye water, Nah. 3, 14;
wadhupahettit, when they drew water,

‘valor’,

Gen. 24, 13; nwthupau I drew water
for (them), Gen. 24, 19; wuttdhupauau,
she drew water for (them), v. 20. Cf.
sokhippog, ‘draw out’ (water), John 2, 8;
numudpag . nippe, fill (it) with
water, v. 7.

(Del. thup peek, a well, Zeish. Voe.

12.]

wuttuhq, wuttuhqun, wuttuk [wut-
uhtug, of the tree], n. a branch or bough
of a tree, Gen. 49, 22; Jer. 23,5; 33, 15;
firewood, Proy. 26, 20: wudtuk, wood,
Is. 60, 17 (wuttoohgtinash or mishash (2),
wood, C. 164; pohchatuk (from poksha-
nat, to be broken, or from pohcheau, it
divides, branches), a bough, ibid.).
See wuhtuk.

[Narr. widtuckqun, ‘a piece ot wood’;
wudtickquanash, lay on wood (on the
fire), R. W. 48; pauchautaqunnésash, pl.
branches (of a tree), R. W. 89.]

*wuttuhtuhkomunat, y. i.
notuhtuhkom, I arrive, C.

[Cree tuickoo-sin, he arrives (by land),
Howse 50. Narr. ntiauké wushem, I came
by land, R. W. 31.]

wuttuk.

wuttunkhumundat, y. t. to cover with:
wuttunkhumun monak, she covered it

to arrive:

See wuhtuk; wuttuhg.

214 BUREAU

wuttunkhumunat—continued.
with a cloth, 1 Sam. 19, 13.
unkhamunat; cf. * Waritacone.

See also

wuttunkin[d6nat] ahtompeh, to bend |

a bow: noh wadtunkinont ahtompeh, he

who bends a bow; wuttunkinonch wutoh- |

tompeh, let him bend his bow, Jer. 51,
3; but kenaau wonkinégish ohtomp, you
that bend the bow, Jer. 50, 14, 29; neg

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[PULLETIN 25

| wuttunkin[dénat] ahtompeh—cont’d.
paotunkanoncheg ohtompeh, they who
bend the bow, Jer. 46, 9; Is. 66,19. See
potonkunau; wonkinonat.

wutuhshame, adv. (?) on this side, Josh.
8, 33 (opposed to ongkoue, on that side,
beyond): wutuhshame sepuut, on this
side of the river, Dan. 12, 5 (wuttoshi-

On

maiyeu, on this side, C. 235).

|
|
|
|

ya

See yo; yodi.

ya.

yaneinn: wanne yanemmno wutch matta- |
mog, ‘is not seemly for a fool’, Proy. |

26, 1.
yanequohho, n. a yeil, Gen. 24, 65,
=pullogquequohhou, Gen. 38, 14, =ong-
2 Cor. 3, 14.
ydneyéu: pish ydneyéum, it shall be
as, or like, Is. 17, 5 (circumstance to
circumstance or fact to fact); ne wonk

2°.

quequohhou, Ex. 34, 33;

yane, and likewise (in the same man-
ner), John 6, Wile
tatuppe.

yanitchan [yanitanum-nutcheg, he shuts
the hand (?)], n. a handful, Lev. 2, 2;
pl. --ash, Ezek. 13, 19: nequtnutchan, a
handful of, 1 K. 17, 12.

Cf. neane; onatuh;

yanittanumunat, yean-, y. t. to shut |

(a door, gate, ete.): ydnitanum squont,
he shuts the door, Judg. 3, 23; yanit-
lanumwog, they shut the gate, Josh. 2,
7; yednittanumau (vy. i.), he shut the
door, Gen. 19, 6; pish kednittanum,
thou shalt shut the door, 2 K. 4, 4.

yanunumunat, y. t.
wuskesukquash, he shuts their eyes, Is.
44, 18; shut thou (their
eyes), Is. 6, 10; noh yanunuk, he who
shuts (his eyes) Is, 33, 15.

[Narr. yeavish, shut the door after you,

R. W. 50.)

yau [yauwe], num. four (El. Gr. 14),
Ezek.1, 10: yauog, yaumog, an. pl. four
(living beings), Gen. 14,9; Ezek. 1, 5,8;
yauunash, pl. inan. four (things), Proy.
30, 18, 21; yauut nai, four square, Ex.
38, 1; yauquinogkok, on the fourth day,
2 Chr.-20, 26; nabo yau, fourteen;
yauunchag (-kodtog, -kodtash), forty,
El. Gr. 14.

[Narr. yoh, four, R. W. 41.

Stiles. Del. ne wo, Zeisb. ]

to shut: ydnunum

yanunush,

Peq. yauh,

| yean [yd-en, to yonder, thither], prep. to,

| asfaras: wutch... yean,from . . . to,

Mice. 7, 12, = yaén, Zech. 9,10. See yeu

| unne.

| yeanittanumunat. See ydnittanumunit.

| yeu, (1) demonstr. pron. inan. this: an.
yeuoh; pl. inan. yeush, an. yeug, these;
pl. an. yéuh, these (accus. ), Gen. 15, 10;

uttiyeu, interrog. which?; pl. uttiyeush

(El. Gr.7); yeu nepauz, this month, Ex.
12,2; yeu kodtumuk, this year, Luke 13,
7; yeu waj, for this cause (El. Gr. 22);
yeu tn kah yeu in, thus and thus, 2 Sam.
17,15. (2)ady. here, in this place, 2 K.
2,8; Gen. 22,1, = yeuut, Gen. 21, 23; yeu
nogque, toward this way (El. Gr. 21);

| hither, 2K. 2, 8, See ayew.

[Del. yun, here, Zeisb. Gr. 171. Quir.
yeuoh, Pier. 5. Narr. yo (q. v.). Cree

(an.) ow’d, (inan.) 00m/’d, this, Howse
188. Chip. (an.) wowh, (inan.) oowh,
Howse 188. Miem. St, ‘ici’, Maillard
30.] :

*yéuh (Narr.), man (wenijgh, woman),
Stiles.

[Peq. nehyeugh, my wife; nehyusha-
mug, iy husband, Stiles. ]

yeuhquog, n. pl. lice, Ps. 105, 31, =yeu-
ko(og), yeuhka(og), Ex. 8, 16, 17, 18.

_ yeuoh, this, (an.) ‘this man’, El. Gr. 7.

| See (Narr. ) ewd; ef. noh.

yeu unne, ady. in this manner, thus,
John 11, 48, =yeu in, 2 Sam. 17, 15
(yeu unni, thus, C. 234).

yeuyeu, ady. now (EI. Gr. 21), Gen. 21,
23% 225 2° 2'Cor./6,,-2.

*yo (Narr.), =yeu: yo wéque, thus tar;
yowa, thus, R. W. 55; yd wutché, from
hence, ibid. 74 (=Mass. yeu wutche, Ex.
33, 15).

[Del. yu-wuntschi, from hence, there-
fore, Zeisb. Gr. 171.]

TRUMBULL]

y6, ya, adv. yonder, that way: yew nog-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

que in kah yd in, hither and thither, to

this side and to that; y6 nutténan, we |

will go yonder, Gen. 22, 5 (wonk hé

kuppeyaunumun, we will come again |

[hither (?)] to you, ibid.); monchish yeu
wutch, yaaush, go hence to yonder place,

i. e. go hence, go to yonder (from yd-

auonat), Matt. 17, 20.
[Narr. yo nowékin, | dwell here, R. W.
29.]

yodi, yéaeu, yode [y6 ayeu], ady. on |
that side, 2 Sam. 2, 13; Dan. 7, 5: wutch |

yode kesukqut kah yeu onk in aongkoue,
from the one side of heayen unto the
other, Deut. 4, 32; wutch yode...
nogque, on the one side . on the
other, 1 Sam. 14,4; yéaeu . . . nahohtée
yoayeumk, on the one side (of the ark)
... on the other side, Ex. 37, 3; ut
yode, at the sides of (the ark), v.5; wutch

215 _

yoai, yoaeu, yode—continued.
yeddeu . . . ogkémae, out of one side
... out of the other (of the candle-
stick), v.18; pasuk yodyeu . . . onkatuk
ogkomdeu, one on one side (of him) . . .
another on the other, Ex. 17, 12; yédeu
nannummiyeu, on the northward side,
Lev. 1, 11. Cf. ongkome.
[Del. yawi, on one side, Zeisb. Gr.
171.]
*yote (Narr.), fire; Yotdanit, ‘the fire
god’, R. W. 47, 110. See natau.
[Peq. yewt, fire, Stiles. ]
yowutche [yeu-wutche, because of this],
ady. wherefore, Matt. 18, 8.
(Del. yu wuntschi, from hence, Zeisb. ]
yoyatche, adv. always, Matt. 28, 20; 26,
11 (usually, C. 230); yeoyatche, Is. 45, 17.
See wameyeue. Cf. nagwuttede.
[Miem. yapehis, ‘toujours’, Maillard
28. Del. yanewi, Zeisb.]

Vie:
rt ye
ey

ty
ae tie

TX

abnor, whquanumau; inan. uhquantan,
he has an extreme aversion to; uhquan-
umau, he is abhorred, is loathsome; wh-
quanumukquok (when itis abhorred), an
abominable or detestable thing.

abide, dppu; it abides in, appehtunk-un.

able, tapenum (tdpinnum), he is able,
potest. From tdép/, sufficient.

abomination, whquanumukquok.

abound, monat, when there is much or
plenty; nwm-mochekohtoh, I abound,
Fhil. 4, 18.

about, (concerning) papaume; (round
about) quinnuppe; waéenu (waene, we-
wene, C.).

above, wohqut,
wutch waabu, from above; wohkumiyeu,
upward; kuhkuhque, higher up.

abundance, ne masegik, when it is plen-
teous (missech®onk, C.), an abounding;
maunetash, mishdunetash, ‘great store’,
R. W.; mummishkod meechum, ‘store of

waabe, wohqut; wutch

victuals’; monatash, many things, abun-
dance; monaonk, abundance; moanatit,
when there is plenty.

accept, fapeneam, he receives with satis-
faction; lapeneaummonk, acceptance;
tapeneunkquot, that which is acceptable.
From (dpi, sufficient, enough.

accompany, wéchau, he goes with, an.
obj.; kmwechaush (kowéchaush, R. W.),
I go with you; wechauattittea, let us ac-
company, R. W. From weeche-au, he
goes with.

according to, neaunak [ne aunak, that
which is so].

acorn, pl. anduchemineash, R. W.
nut.

across. See crossover.

act (agere), ussenat, to do, to act; ussu, he
does; usseu, he acts; wnnéhhuau, he
does, with respect to others, he con-
ducts himself; wunneneheau, he did well
to, conducted himself well toward; yew
nuttinhikqun, thus he deals with me.
See conduct one’s self; do to.

See

action, wsseonk, a doing.

add, katnehteau, kwtenahteau, he adds (it,
to it); ukkatnehteauun, he adds to it,
makes an addition to it; kachteau [kut-
che-ohteav], he adds to.

adorn, wunneheau, he adorns (makes
beautiful) himself: wunneh kuhhog,
adorn thyself (wussinnu, he adorns him-
self, C.); wunnehteou, he adorns (inan.
obj. )-

adorned, inan. wunnehteomuk, an. wun-
nowhosu.

adultery, mamussu,he commits adultery;
mamussckon, thou shalt not commit
adultery; mamussuaen-in, an adulterer
(mammatsu, pl.inammatsachick, R.W.);
manishquaausuen-in, an adulteress. See

fornication.

advantage. See profit.
adversary. See against; enemy; oppo-
site.

advice, kenwnittuonk, good advice re-
ceived. See counsel.

advise, kogkahtimau, y. t. he gives advice
to, advises (kogkahqutteau, he advises,
C.); weogquitumak kah keneetamak, ‘give
your advice and counsel’, Judg. 20, 7.

affair (matter of business), wimniyéuonk.

affrighted, chepshau, chepshontam, he is
affrighted, startled, astonished (kitchee-
sahteau, he affrights; kitchesshanittinneat,
to be affrighted (?); kuttijshanitttionk,
fright, C.).

afraid, wabesu, he fears, is afraid; na-
wabes, Lam afraid; qushau wabesuoneau,
he is afraid of (him); quéihtam, he is
afraid (to do, to go)—not implying
slavish or disgraceful fear (wesdssu, (he
is) afraid; cowésass? are you afraid?; ta-
whitch wesdsean? why fear you?; mano-
wésass, I fear none, R. W.). See fear.

after, ady. after that, afterward, ne mah-
che (see have, auxil.); prep. asuhkaue
[asuhkaueu, it goes after, follows]: ne-
gonne onk nen... asuhkaue onk nen,
before me... after me, next after

219

220

BUREAU OF

after—continued.
(in order of time or place); nahohtéeu
(secundus, -a, -um); noh asuhkiit, he
who goes or comes after. Cf. asuh, or;
neese [ne-esse], two.

afternoon, qudttuhquohqud, C.; panicom-
paw, nawwduegaw, R. W.; quttikqua-
quaw, alter dinner, ibid. See day.

afterward (in the future), ompetak.

again, (a second time) nompe; (in addi-
tion) wonk (wonkanet, onk, or wonk,
again, C.).

against, ayeuuhkone; mutually opposed,
ayeuuhkonittue (ayeukauntiie, C.); ayeu-
uhkonau, he goes against, he makes
war on (an.); nup-penuanum-uk, he is
against (at varicnce with, contending
with) me. piuhsuke, over against, op-
posite to; reciprocally opposite, over

against each other, papiuhsuke. Cf. pd- |

piske; pap-skeu; neesit piskeu, it is double;
piskinnum, he doubles (it). See oppo-
site; war.

age. See old; old age.
ago. See long time ago.
agreement. Sce covenant.

ah! alas! mwee! woi!

ail, toh kut-ushpunam? what aileth thee?
also to’ kut-uspinam (and tocketuispanem,
R. W.); toh uspunait (tahaspundyi, R.
W.), tohspinaw? what ails him, what
does he happen on, what chances he? ;
so, nag wame . . . ushpundog, ‘chance
happeneth to them all’, Eccl. 9, 11;
tatuppe uspundog wame, ‘one event hap-

peneth to them all’ (they chance all |

alike), Eccl. 2, 14.

air (atmosphere), mamahche kesuk, =ma-
mohchiyeu kesuk, the empty or void sky.

alarm. See war.

alewife. See fish; menhaden.

alike, faluppe, equally.

alive, pomantog (when he lives, living).

all, wame, wamu (omnino); wamut (when
there isall), enough.
R. W.), totus, ex toto (mamisséycué,
wholly, entirely, C.). From
(mussi), great, by reduplication.

almost, ndhen, nearly, nigh to (omdgpeh,
C3):

alone, nussu, nusseu [noh usseu, he who
does?]; n’nishishem, I am alone, R. W.
nomsiyeue; wukse, nonsiyeu, all alone,
C.; nun-ndnsi-up, I was alone, ibid.

mamusse (missésu,

misst

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 29+

alone—continued.
nont, of himself only, I. P.; navint,

R.W.; pasuk naint God, there is only
one God, ibid.
also, wonk, again, moreover.
| always, nagwuttede, continually; yoyat-
| che [=yeu wutche, from this time?],

micheme, forever. See ever.

| am. See appu; ayeu; na; nont; ohteau.
| amazement, chepshaonk, astartling; chep-
shau, he is amazed, affrighted; mon-
| chanatam, he wonders. See wonder.
| among, kenugke, kunnuke. Related to
konukkehtahwhau, he pierces, pene-
trates (?), kannukkashunk, penetrating,
piercing; from kenag, that which is
sharp. Cf. Lat. inter, interere, intrare.
ancestors, wutchettuonginog, C. From
wutcheu, suppos. wadchit. See parents.
anchor, kenuhquab, kenunkquap, kenomp-
squab (kunnésnep, R. W.; kussuppanunk-
quank, C.).
| and, kah. From ’k progressive.
| angle, ndi, angular, having corners or
angles; naiyag (when it is angular or
cornering), a point, angle, or corner;
ut yaue nace, at the four corners of; yaue
naiyag wetu, the four corners of the
house. Cf. kendi, sharp; kenag, that
which is sharp. pmchag, an interior
angle or corner. See corner.
angry, musguantam, he is angry; suppos.
part. noh musquantog, he who is angry,

i. e. any angry man; imperat. prohib.
ahque musquantash, be not angry (so,
R. W.; nummosqudntam, 1 am angry,
C.); act. verbal musquantamd@onk (mus-
quannitamm@onk, C.); pass. verbal mus-
quanittuonk. anger. V.t. an. musquanu-
mau, he is angry at or with (an. obj.).
From musgui, red, bloody, and antam,
minded, purposing, or haying in mind.
animal, das, éaus, howaas (odas, oowaas,
Goas, C.), animal, creature (pl. odasineg,
owaasineg): nishnoh pdmontog,
‘every thing that liveth’ (pomanamae
oowaasineg, ‘living creatures’, C.). né-
tassuog (pl.), tame or domestic animals
(nelastiog, R. W.). puppinashim ( penas-
him, R. W.), pl. -mwog, beast. Cf. pup-
pinshaas, pl. puppinshaasog, bird, avis.
Odas, howaas, is evidently related to
howan (awdiin, R. W.), someone, any-
one, a person. The termination repre-

oadas

“TRUMBULL]

-animal—continued.
sents the verb of animate agency, ws-su,
he does, acts.
the inseparable pronoun of the 3d pers.
sing. w’ (ewd, he, R. W.), as in howan,
awdtm [ewd-unni, any he].

ankle, mussipsk; wussupskon, his ankle

bone[m’ sussuppoi-oskon, the side bone? ].
anoint, susséqunnau, he anoints (him);

sussequnum, he anoints (it) (nussisseg-

quin, I anoint, C.); act. verbal szusse-
quéonk, anointing, anointment; pass.
verbal sussequnnittuonk, being anointed.
another, onkatog, another person, pl. onk-
aogig, others; onkatog, another thing,

pl. onkatoganash (onkatuk, onkne, be-

sides; onkatogdanit, otherwise, C.). From
onk, wonk.

answer, nampmwham, he answers; nam-

pohamau, he answers (him).
ant, annuneks. :

any, anybody, any person, howan ( awd-
im, R. W., whoso; Del. awwen, who; au-

won, howan,anybody,C.). nanwi, nanwe:

nanwe wosketomp, any man, C.; nanwe

missinninnuog, common people, C. Adj.
inan, league: utteagwe mehtugkit, on any
tree; ne teaguas, any thing.

apart, chippi, cheppi (it is separate):
chippeu, he separates himself; chippau,

he separates himself to, ‘consecrates

himself’.
appear, nunnogquis, | appear, C.; dnuk-

quok (when it appears), the appearance

of a thing (noggiissuonk, appearance,
looks, C.). See looks.

appease, um-mdnunnéhtaun, he appeas- |

eth (strife, Proy. 15, 18), from manunne,
quiet, calm, moderate.
appeases or pacifies, C.; mahteanndénat,

to quiet, ibid., from mahtw, he makes

an end, has done.

appoint (a person to post or place), kehti-

mai, he appoints (him); kuk-kehtim,
thou appointest (him); noh nukkehtim,
he whom I appoint.

appoint or designate (a place or inan.
obj. ), kukquitum, he appoints (it). Adj.
kuhquitumme, appointed.

apron, alah, aitawhun, audtd, the apron

or covering worn in front by the In-
dians; ‘a pair of small breeches or

apron’, R. W.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

The prefix is perhaps

| artful.

mahtednum, he

221

archer, pépumwaen-in, one who shoots
habitually, pl. -innuog; pépumutcheg
(pl.), they who are shooting, actually.
From pummu, he shoots, with fre-
quentative reduplication.

arm, muhpit (méhpit, C.); wuhpit, his
arm (wuppittene, pl.-nash, R.W.). mv’ ap-
pelt, related to appéh, a trap; suppos.
appehit, (when) it holds fast or catches.

around, waéenu, acy. and prep. it goes
around, winds or curves around (waene,
wewéne, about, C.); quinnuppe, ady.
[quin-appu, quinuppu, it turns about],
about, around; quinuppohke [quinnup-
pu-ohke], everywhere, all about.

arrive, ntiauké wushem, I come by land,
R.W. 31. Cf. Cree tickoo-sin, he arrives
(by land), Howse 50. For nutohke (2).
Cf. aukeewushatog, ‘they go by land’,
R.W. nomishoonhémmin, ‘1 come by
water’ (i. e. by boat, mushoon), R. W.
31.

arrow, kéuhquodt, kéunkquodt (suppos.
part. inan., having a pointed or sharp-
ened end); pl.-+ ash. cariquatash, ar-
rows, R. W. Peg. keeguum, arrow;
nuckhegunt, wy arrows.

See crafty.

as, neane [ne-unni, like that, of this or
that kind], as, so, in like manner;
onatuh [unne-toh], as though, as if, as
when, used with the suppos. mood;
wehque [au-uhquaeu, going to the ex-
treme or limit] as far as; wutch .. .
wehque (with verb of motion), from
... to (yo wéque, thus far, R. W.);
adtahshe, attache, uttooche, ahhut tahshe
[for adt tohsi, =ut-tahshé], as much as,
as many as, as often as (ayalche, as
often, R. W.). See like; long as; such.

_ ascend, kuhkuhqueu, he goes up, denoting

voluntary, progressive upward motion;
wadpu, wadbeu, he rises up or ascends,
denoting change of place, without re-
spect to locomotion; with inan. subj.
waape-ma, it rises, ascends (is raised),
as smoke, the water in a river, ete.;
ushpeu, ushpushau, he ascends into the
air quickly or with swift motion, as the
soaring of a bird, ete.; with inan. subj.
ushpemo, usspemo, it mounts aloft, is
borne upward. See go.

222 BUREAU

ashamed, akodchu, he is ashamed; nut-
akodj (nut-dgkodch, C.), T am ashamed;
akodchehheau, he makes (him) ashamed,
puts (him) to shame (nut-dgkodchehik-
qun, it ashameth me, C.).

ashes, pukquee. Ct. pukit (Narr. pick),
smoke; pukguee, mire, mud; pohqut
(that which is broken off?), a brand.

ash tree, monunks, Is. 44, 14.

ask, natmlomau, he asks (him) a question,
questions; natatomuehteau, natotomuh-
teau, he inquires, asks a question; -nato-

tomihkau, he makes inquiry of, he asks |

questions of (about anything) (natw-
tomwehkau, natotomihkau, he asks, in-
quires, C.; 1 natotemickaun, IL will ask
about it), R. W.; kun-
ask me? ibid.).
ask for, wehquetum, he asks for (it); weh-
quetumau, he asks (him) for (it) (ko-
wequelummdush, I beseech you, C.).
Cf. wehkomau, weékomau, he calls (him).
assemble, miacog, maiyaéog, they as-
semble, meet together; mukkinneonk
moema or miyaémo, the assembly meets
(is gathered together) ; freq. mohmoéog,
they meet often or habitually (miawé-
tuck, let us meet; miawéhetlit, when
they meet, R. W.). From mide, miyae,
moee (moywe, C.), together. V. t. an.
mianau, he assembles, causes (them) to

the way (inquire
natotemi? do you

assemble, gathers together (imidwene, a
court or meeting, R. W.).

assembly, moeuwelikomonk, imishoéonk, a
great many together; mukkinnéunk, a
gathering.

astonished, chepshau, he is astonished,
amazed; monchanatam, he wonders. See
amazement; wonder.

astray, panne, out of the way; panneaii, he
goes astray; suppos. part. an. pannéont,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

astray—continued.

going astray, erring. wauonu, wéoonu,

~ he goes astray, wanders out of the way;

suppos. part. an. waddnit, wauonit, going
astray; hence, wayont, waont, sunset-
ting (wawonntog, they wander, C.).
From waéenu (wewtne, C.) and au, he
goes round.

| as yet, ashpummeu, ash pdie.

at, adt, ahhut, w. At or ina place (the
locative case), expressed by the termi-
nation -ut, -al, or -it, with or without a
governing preposition.

attempt, kodussu [kod-ussu], he attempts
(nen nukkodissep, 1 attempted, C.).

aunt (?), okummes [from okas-, related to
the mother]; kokummes, thy aunt, Ley.
18, 14; but thy grandmother, 1 Tim.
1, 5. See grandmother.

autumn, n¢pun (néepun, R. W.; nepinnde,
C.), the harvest season, the latter part
of summer and beginning of autumn
(taquonck, the fall of the leaf, R. W.;
*ninnauwaet, fall, C.). See seasons.

avoid, chippinum, he avoids (it), puts it
away; chippehtau, he avoids, keeps away
from (it); qusstihkom (?), he shuns or
avoids (nuk-quistihkom, I shun or avoid,
(Ch)

awl, m’ukgs (miucksuck, awl blades, R.
W.). Cf. kous, athorn; m’vihkos, a nail
or talon. puckwhéganash, awl blades,
R.W., from puckhummin, to bore, ibid.
See point.

ax, logkunk (togkong, C.), pl. +-ash, that
which strikes; suppos. part. inan. from
togkom, he strikes anan. obj. chichégin,
a hatchet, R. W.; pl. chichéginash. Cf.
Del. pachkshican or kshican, a knife;
m’chonschican, a large knife, Hkw.,
Corr

B

N

babe. See child; infant.

back, muppusk, muppisk (muppuskq, C.;
uppusquan, R. W.), from poske, poskeu,
it is bare, naked, unprotected, with in-
def. prefix, m’poske; kuppusk, thy back;
nuppusk, nuppisk, my back; uppisk, his
back; uppisquanit, uppuskquanit, at his
back, on his back, behind him.

|
|
|

| backward, (oppos. to faceward) onto:

ontonw penushau or antooshau, he fell
backward; (oppos. to forward) qushkée:
qushkeu, he goes back, returns; gush-
kema, it goes backward; nukqushkem
(nuk-quishkeem, C.), I go back.
shau, he retrogrades, moves backward;
nut-assouisham, I go backward.

asou-

TRUMBULL]

bad, matche (Lat. male); suppos. part.
inan. matchit, when it is bad; concrete
n.
is bad; adj. matchetow [matchetw, he is
bad], bad, evil, wicked; matchesu [mat-
che-ussu, he does badly], a bad person,
i. e. (one, he, who) acts badly; vbl. n.
of agency matcheseaén-in, an evil doer;
act. vbl. matchetéonk, badness, wicked-
ness (in disposition, purpose, or nature) ;
pass. vbl. matchenehettuonk, wickedness
encountered or referred to its object;
act. vbl. matchesuonk [from matchesu],
the doing of eyil, badness in action.

matchuk, machuk, evil, that which-

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

223

bank (of river), wusdpinuk (wussdppinuk,

C.), =wus-appin-uk, where the edge or
margin is, that which is at the edge
(wus).

bare, mukkikki (muckicki, ‘bare, with-

out nap’, R. W., of cloth); mukkmkeg,
‘strip yourselves’, Is. 32, 11. Hence
mukkokinau, he robs, plunders, strips
bare; mukkokinnwwaén-in (n. agent. ), a
robber, and perhaps mukki, mukkutch-
ouks (miickquachucks, R. W.), a child,
a boy. See bald; naked.

| bargain (agreement), wunnawdonk,

From matta, mat, adverb of negation.
bark (v.—asa dog), wohwohteau, he barks

Cf. Engl. not, naught, naughty.

bag, basket, manat [m’ not], pl. m’nw-
tash; munnote, a basket, R. W.; mun-
notgh, Stiles; sogkissanute, a hand bas-
ket, C. ‘Instead of shelves, they have
several baskets, wherein they put all
their household stuff; they have some
great bags or sacks, made of hemp,
which will hold 5 or 6 bushels.’’—R. W.
50. ‘‘ Notassen, or bags which they
plait from hemp.’’—De Vries, Mega-
polensis, 2 N. Y. H. SS. Coll. un, 95,
107, 158. From notin-at, to lift or
take up a burden (niduldsh, ‘take it on
your back’, R. W.); see bear. petunk
(when it is put in; suppos. part. inan.
from petauun, he puts it into), a bag or
pouch for carrying small articles: ‘‘pe-
touwdssinug, their tobacco bag, which
hangs at their neck, or sticks at their
girdle, which is to them instead of an
English pocket.’’—R. W. 108.

bait (for
R. W.

bake (roast), appoau, apwau, apposu,
he bakes, roasts, or cooks; apwonat wey-
aus, to roast flesh (appamsish weyaus,
roast the meat, C.). The primary sig-
nification appears to be to prepare for
food.

bald, mmsi (smooth); mukkikki (bare):
moasontuppo, he is bald, has a bald head
(musantip, a bald head, C.), mukukkon-
tupp@, he is bald.

fishing), onawangénnakaun,
Cf. Abn. aSajigan, Rasles.

ball (for playing), pompasuhkonk. From
pompu, he plays; asuhkau, he chases,
follows after: pomp-asuhkau, he chases
in sport.

| b

=wunne-nawaonk, good saying, satis-
factory talk. See trade.

(wohwohteau, C.); wohwohkau, he barks
at, keeps barking (onomatopoetic; so
wohwatowau, ‘ho! holloo!’, C.).

ark (n.), wunnadteask, C.; wuchicka-
péuck, ‘birchen bark and chestnut

bark, which they dress finely and
make a summer covering for their
houses.’—R. W.48. Cf. Abn. mask8é,
pl. -k8ar, ‘écorce de bouleau a caba-
ner’, etc., Rasles.

barn, augin-nash, barns, R. W.
barren, méhchéeu, mehchécyeu (she or it is

empty, is nought); mehcheyéue, barren
(mohchiyéie, empty, C.); mehcheyeuonk,
barrenness, sterility; matchekine ohke,
barren land. From matche, or
mahtsheau.

mat,

| barter. See sell; trade.
| basket. See bag.
| bass (a fish), Labrax lineatus (?), missvick-
eke, R. W.; pl. -kéquock; suckequog
(pl.), Stiles. Peg. m’ssugkheege. qun-
namag, bass, C.(?).
bastard, nanweli (nanwetie, C.). From

nanwe, general, communis, and welu.

bat, matlappasquas, matabpusques.
battle, ayeuwuttuonk, ayeutedonk [making

war, vbl. from ayeuhteau, he makes
war against]. matwationck, R. W. Cf.
matwau, he is an enemy.

bay, poluppog, poluppag.
be.
beads.
beans, luppuhquam-ash (pl.) [from tup-

See appu; ayeu; na; nont; ohleau.
See wampum.

puhqueu, it turns or rolls]; manusqusséd-
ash, R. W.; Peg. mushquissedes, Stiles.

bear (n.), mosq, masq, mashq (moshq. C.;

mosk or paukinnawwaw, R. W.; Muh.

2294

bear—continued.

mquoh, Edw.; Del. mak’hk, machk,
Hkw.). From mawhau, (mauqudu, R.
W.), he devours, eats, an. obj.(?).

Peq. whdawgwut, Stiles; Narr. konooh,

ibid. Seeswolt.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|

: een
bear (y.), kennunnum, he bears or carries

(it), takes it along; with an. obj. kenu-
nau, konunau, he carries (him); with
suffix ukkenunoh, he carries or bears
him; kénunont (suppos. part. an. ), when
he carries or bears: kénunont ahtompeh,
carrying a bow (see take). kéunuwm,
he bears, sustains, holds up; suppos.
part. inan. kéunuk, when it carries, it
carrying, a carriage or anything used
for carrying burdens; freq. kogkéunum,
he supports, holds strongly or firmly.
nayeutam, he bears (it) on his person
as a burden; imperat. 2d pers. sing.
nayeutash, bear or carry it (nidutash,
take it on your back, R. W.); suppos.
pass. part. nayeumuk, naiwmuk, (when
he is) borne or carried on the back (of
aman or beast), hence nayewmuk, when
he rides: nayeumukquog kamelsoh, ‘they
rode on camels’, Gen. 24, 61; noh naw-
mukqut (nayeumukqut), he who rides, a
horseman; pl.
riders, horsemen.
R. W.; nahnaiyeumbdoadt, a horse ‘or a
creature that carries’, C.; Del. nayun-
dam, to carry on the back or shoulders;
nanayunges, a horse, ‘the beast which
sarriesonits back’, Hkw. Perhapsfrom
nauwaeu, he bends down; nauwaehtam,

neg nayeumukqutcheg,
So nahnayotimewot,

he bends or stoops to it. See horse.

bear children, neechau, néchau, she is in
travail or brings forth (néechaw; paug-
cétche [pakodche} nechauwaw, she is
already delivered, R. W.). See beget.

bear fruit. See produce.

beard, weeshittan, =wéshak-tan, hair (of
the) mouth (?). See hair.

beast, puppinashim, pl. + wog ( penashim,
pl. + wock, R. W.). See animal.

deat, tattugkomau, he beats (him); suf- |

fix wut-lattagkoméuh, they beat him;
tattogkodtam, tohtogkodtam, he beats (it).
Freq. from togkomau, he strikes (him),
and togkodtam, he strikes (it). pogguh-
han (pockhommin, to beat out corn,
R. W.), he threshes or beats out corn.
See grind; strike.

|

|
|

[BULLETIN 25

beautiful, wunnegen (good, handsome,
desirable, pleasing); wunnehheau, he
beautifies himself, makes handsome;
wunnehtesu, he makes (it) beautiful or
pleasing.

beaver, tummink, pl. +-quaog (tommunque,
Peq.; ttéimink, C.; tummock, R. W.).
From twmmigquohhéu, he cuts off (se.
trees)? Cf. Abn. tema‘k8é, pl. -k8ak,
castor vivant. ndéosuppatiog (pl.) and
stimhuppatog, R. W. See *amisque.

because, newutche, ne wutche (for this,

from this). See cause; therefore;
wherefore.
become. Cotton gives ‘I am become,

nuttinni’; ‘to become, wnniinat’. Eliot
has the verb unnaiinneat, ‘so to be’ (4
Cor. 7, 26), evidently from wnni, such or
of the kind, to be of the kind, to be
such, to become such. In two orthree
instances this verb is employed as the
representative of the verb ‘to become’,
though it is not to be regarded as its
exact equivalent; thus toh dniit, what
may have become of him, Ex. 32, 1, 2:
(=toh adhs, where he might be, Acts
7, 40).

bed (place for sleeping), appin; wutappur,
his bed [wutappin, he sat there].

bees, aohkéaumaussog (ohkeommasog, ©. ).

besore (in front of), anaquohtag [when it
is opposite, ana@queu-ohtag], before (it);
anaquabit [when he is opposite, anw-
queu-apit], before (him); anaquabeh,
before me; anaquabean, before thee;
anaquabhettit, before them (andquabit,
before him, C.; anaquohtag wek, before
his house, ibid.) [anmqueu, opposite,
from nuhquaeu, he looks toward]. nego-
nuhkau, he goes before or in advance
of, he leads; negoni@au, he sends (i. e.
in advance of himselt) to another. e
lead.

before (preceding in time), negonaeu; ady.
negonne, formerly, betore time; asquam,
not yet; quoshde, beforehand, anticipa-
tory.

beg (ask alms), weenshau, he is beg-
ging; n. agent. weenshden, a beggar;
weenshamau, he asks for (it) as alms:
w-wensham-uh ne teaguas, ‘he asked an
alms from them’, Acts 3, 3.

beget, wunneechanau, he begets (a
child or children, without reference to
sex); wunnaumoneu, wunnamoniyeu, he

TRUMBULL]

beget—continued.
begets (a son or sons); wuttauniyeu, wut-
toneu, he begets (a daughter or daugh-
ters). With a feminine nominative
the same verbs signify to bear, to bring
forth.

begin, expressed by nmwche [no wutche]
or koche [k6 wutche] in combination
with a verb. The former regards the
beginning only as a completed act or
point of time without regard to ensuing
or progressive action or to lapse of time;
the latter (kache, kutche) indicates pro-
gression from astarting point, beginning
of action yet in progress or continuous.
See 2 Cor. 8, 6: neyane noche ussip, ne
ké tatuppe kesteunkquneau, ‘as he had
begun, so would he [go on and] finish.’
noche wekitteau, he began to build; yew
noche ussenadut, this they began to do;
neyane noche ussip, as he began to do;
kutche ussean, kah wonk nuppakodche us-
sem, ‘when I begin [to do] I will also
make an end’ (do thoroughly), 1 Sam.
3, 12; kutchissik, kadshik, (when it be-
gan) in the beginning, Gen. 1, 1; Is.
64, 4; wutche kutchissik onk yean wehq-
shik, from beginning to the end (nen
kitche or nuk-kitchetissem, I begin; kutche,
begun, C.); kachéma, (it begins,) it
starts from, issues from (as a stream,
ete.). See come from.

beguile. See deceive.

behave. See conduct one’s self; do to.

behavior, tinniytuonk. See business.

behead, tummigquohwéu, he beheaded
(him) (timeqiassin, ‘to cut off or be-
head’, R. W.).

behind, wuttdt, wodtdt (wuttate, C.): wuttat
wagig (those who go behind), ‘they
who are last’; wodtdt ohtagish . ne-
gonohtagish, ‘things behind ... things
before’, Phil. 3, 13. wuttamiyeu (it is
behind), the hind partsor posteriors; 3d
pers. wtamiyeu, his hind parts. See back.

behold! (interj.), kusseh, lo! behold! see
thou!
voici.

believe, believes

wunnamptam, he

(it); wunnamptau, he believes (him); |

nonamptam, I believe (wunnamptama-

onk, belief, faith; pl. wunnampuhtogig, |

believers, C.). ‘‘This word they use
just as the Greek tongue doth that
B. A. E., Buu. 25 15

Cf. Lat. ce, eece (=ce-ce), Fr. |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

225

| believe—continued.

verb ziséverv, for believing or obey-
ing, and they say, coanndumatous, I will
obey you [or, I believe you].’”—R. W.
65.

*bell, kakwkanogs (onomatope).
*bellows, popwpatauwanimuk, ©. [that

which is blown with; from patauaeu,
he blows].

belly, menogkus (munnogs, bowels, C.);

wunnogkus, his belly (wunndks, R.W.),
from wonogg, a hole (2). misshdt,
C., for mishehit, suppos. part. from
mishehheu, he is litted up, made great,
enlarged. See bowels.

belong to, nutiaihe, it belongs to me,

is mine; kuttaihe, it is thine; wuttaihe,
it is his; nuttaihéin, nuttaihen, it is ours;
nish wuttaihe-ash, the things which are
his. ohtau (he has), it belongs to (him)
as a quality, attribute, or appendage;
kut-ahtau-un ketassmtaméonk, ‘thine is
the kingdom’, Matt. 6, 13; noh ohtunk,
he haying, the owner, he to whom it
belongs; ne teaguas ohtunk, anything
which is (belongs to), Ex. 20,17. Wbl.
n. ohtoonk, ahté6onk, a haying or be-
longing, a possession. In compound
words -ohtde signifies belonging to, of
thenatureor quality of. wutchaiyeumo,
it belongs to, in the sense of it pro-
ceeds from, is caused by, or the like;
menuhkesuonk wutchaiyeumm Godut,
power belongs to God, Ps. 62, 11. See
his; mine; thine.

below, ady. and prep. agwe, agwu, ogwu.

ohkeiyeu (ohkeieu, C.), below, i. e. earth-
ward. agwe, or agwu, the more common
form, is apparently contracted from
ohkeieu.

bend, woonki (wauki, R. W.), it bends,

is crooked; wénkinnum, he bends (it)
(wonkunum, C.); woonkag, that
which is bent; pl. woonkagish, bent or
crooked (things). See crooked.

ne

| bend one’s self, nauwaeu, he bends

down or stoops; nauwésu, nauwéseu
[nauwaeu-ussu], he performs the act of
bending or stooping; nddusi!, when he
bends, bending; nawwanum uppuhkuk,
he bends his head; nauwwaéhtam, he
bends down to or before (it);
kompau, nauwésikompau, he bends or
stoops.

nauwa-

BUREAU

bent. See crooked.

berry, in compound names, -minne, pl.
minneash, small fruit of any kind (wut-
tdhimneash, strawberries, R.W.; wattah-
minneoh, a strawberry, C.). See whor-
tleberry.

besides, onk ne (more than that, further),
C.; wonk; as conjunction, chaubohkish,
‘except, besides’, El. Gr. 22; chonchippe
(chippe, Mass. Ps.), he or it excepted,
saving, excepting; kotne, C. [for qut
ne?).

besiege, weenuhkauwaog neg, they besiege
or encamp round about them; weenuh-
kom, he besieged (it) [=waeenu-uhkom,
he goes round about].

bestow. See give.

betray, wunassmmau, he betrayed (him);
wanasmmit, when he was betrayed (wa-
nassamit, betrayed, C.); nanasson, I
betray; n. agent. wunassomuaénin, a be-
trayer, one dealing treacherously.

between, nashaue (nashaue, C.): nashaue
mayash, between the paths.

beyond, ongkoue, aongkdoiie (onkkdue, C.):
wutuhshame. . . ongkoue, on this side
. . . beyond (a river, etc.); ongkome,
ongkomde, on the other side of: yéai. . .
ogkomai, on this side. . . on the other
side (acdwmuck, R. W.; so, Acawmenda-
kit, England, ibid., =agkome-en-ohke-ut,
in the land on the other side or beyond;
Alg. gaamink, on the other side, Lah. ).
From onkhum, he covers or hides (it).

bind, kishpinwin, he binds, ties, makes
(it) fast; kushpinush (ksptinsh, R. W.),
bind it or tie it fast; kishpinau, he binds
(him); v. i. act. kishpissu, he makes
fast, and pass. he is made fast or tied.
togkuppinau, he binds, holds fast by
bonds (him); freq. or intens. tohtogk-,

wushpunnum,

tattagk-, tahtogkuppinau.
he binds up or together,
kéneepinau, he binds (him), as by oath,
imposes an obligation.

birch bark. See bark (n.).

bird, puppinshaas (pl. -+-og), a bird or

=assepinum.

OF AMERICAN

}
{
|
|
|

| blackberries,

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

birth. neekuonk [from nétu,
nekit, a bringing forth, and pass. a
being brought forth]; wunneetuonk, wun-
neekuonk, his birth. See born.

bit, chogqg; chohkag, a spot, spotted; kod-
chihki, a piece or fragment. See piece;
spot.

bite, sogkepmau, he biteth; sogkepwau
(nussogkepowam, I bite, C.); suppos.
noh sagkepwut, he who is bitten. Cf.
sogkunum, he catches hold of, hooks
into. See hook.

bitter, wesogkon; vbl. n. weesogkinmonk,
bitterness (weesogkéyeu, bitterly, C.).
Cf. weeswe, the gall; weesée, yellow.

black, mui (méwi, sticki, R. W.); adj. an.
moesu, (he is) black; pl. inan. mo-
eyeuash; an. maesuog (maasue woske,
black man, C.,=mqmosketomp, El. Gr. ).
stiicki, R. W.; an. suckésu: ‘hence they
call a blackamoor suckduttacone, a coal-
black man; for sucki is black, and
watitacone, one that wears clothes,’’ R.
W.; but, strictly speaking. sticki was
dark colored and not black. The dark
purple shells from which the more yal-
uable peag was made, and the dark
peag itselfi—blue, purple, or yiolet—
were named from their color suckat-
hock.

neetuonk,

wulttohkohkoaminned-
nash (2), C.

blackbird, chégan; pl. -neuck, R.W.: ‘Of
this sort there be millions, which are
great deyourers of the Indian corn”’,
ibid. Peq.auchugyeze [=chohkesu, choh-
kesitche, spotted 2], massowyan, Stiles,
the bobolink, Emberiza oryzivora?

bladder, mununneetau: mununneetoe qus-
suk, stone in the bladder, Man. Pom. 88.

| blame, wutchumonate, to blame; nachum,

fowl, avis (n’peshawog, pl., fowl, R.W.; |

puppinushaog, Mass. Ps.). Cf. Chip.
psukses, ‘a little bird’, pl. +-og
(pussekesesuk, R. W.; pissuksemesog,
birds, C., i. e. very small birds, a dimin-
utive of the 2d degree).

penaisi.

Tblame,C.(?); wutchimau, heis blamed,
1 Tim. 3, 2; wutchimuneach, let me bear
the blame; monteag wutchimau, he is
blameless (is nothing blamed). See
condemn.

blast (of air), papwtaudonk, a blowing
strongly. From papotau, intens. from
potau, he blows.

blasting (of grain), pissogquodtin, pisseog-
quodtin. Cf. pissagquan, mud; pissag
(pissugk, C.), dirt, mire.

TRUMBULL]

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

227

“blanket, pinaquet, qunndnnonk, C.; | blue, peshati, R. W.; peshai, C.; peshdn-

squdus atihaqut, a woman’s mantle;
acoh, the deer skin (worn by men),
R.W.; maiinek (=monak), nquittiashia-
gat, an English coat or mantle, ibid.
See clothing.

blemished. See deformed; maimed.

bless, wunndntam, he blesses (it) _[=wun-
ne-antam, he is good-minded, regards

favorably or feels kindly]; nanantam, I |
Hence the |

bless (it), I give blessing.
name Nonantum of the first village of
“praying Indians’ gathered by Eliot.
wunndnuman (wunnaunomau, C.), he
blesses (him); vbl. n. (act.) wunndnu-
maonk, a blessing given; (pass.) wun-
nanittuonk, a blessing received.

blind, pogkenum, he is blind (n’péckun-
num, Tam blind, R. W.); suppos. part.
pogkenuk, blind; pl. pogkenukeg, the
blind. From pohkendi (pohkunni, C.),
it is dark.

blood, musquéheonk [m’squehéonk]; wus-
queheonk, wusgheonk, his blood; nas-
gheonk, my blood (mishque, néepuck,
blood; misquinash, veins, R. W.) From

musque, musqueu, (it is) red; musqueh- |

heau, it makes red, causes redness; sup-
pos. part. inan. musgheunk, making red.
bloom, blossom, peshauau, it blossoms
) ») 2 2)

|

bursts forth; pishauma, itis blossomed; |
suppos. part. pass. pishauwmouk, blos- |

somed. From pokshau, it breaks. See
flower.

blow (n.), togkommaonk [act. ybl., a
striking of an animate object, from
togkomau, he strikes]; togkomitteaonk
(pass. vbl., abeing struck ) ; togkodtuonk,

astroke or stripe, primarily the striking |

of inan. object; tatteaonk, a stroke, C.
See beat; strike.

blow (y.), paotau, potaeu, he blows.
This form is not found in Eliot, but is
indicated by derivatives; from it is
formed the intensive and transitive pw-
potaudonk (act. vbl.), a strong blowing

orblast. patantam, heblowsorbreathes |

on (it) (pwtontou, he blows; nuppo-
potont6wam, I blow, C.); imperat.
patantash, blow thou on (it) ( potdunt-
ash, ‘blow the fire’, R. W.; pétawash,
‘make a fire’, ibid. [for pataush, from
potaeu, as above]). waban atshoh, the
wind blows, John 3, 8 [for wadchieu,
wutche au, comes from].

|

blue color, C., i. e. peshai-
anogkenuk, when it is painted (or looks)
blue (cf. péshaui, up-peshau, a flower).
anoi, blue; wnéagk, blue cloth (ef.
noi, deep).
bluefish (Temnodon
aquaunduut (Stiles).
board (n.), pahsonogk, pl. -ogquash. From
pohshinum, he cleaves or divides (it).
boast, muskéau, muskouau, he boasts;

noquat,

saltator), Peq.

pl. maskéacheg, boasters.
he praises; wuhhogkuh,
praising himself, boasting; pl. waeeno-
moncheg, boasters. misheheaw wuhhog-
kuh (hemakes himself great), he boasts.

boat, mushon, mishon (mushdan, CE
Peq. meshwe, Stiles; mishodn, ‘an In-
dian boat or canoe made of a pine, oak,
or chestnut tree’, R. W.; dimin. mish-
oonémese, a little canoe, ibid.; mishoon
hémwock, they go by water (by boat),
ibid. ; peontaem, C.; penwon, boat; pew-
nog, a ‘little ship’, Mass. Ps., John 6,
22; 21,8; Narr. wmpshu, a canoe, Stiles;
paugatemissatind, an oak canoe; kowaw-
wawatnd, a pine canoe; wompmissatnd,
a chestnut canoe; wunnauanotinuck, a
shallop; dimin. -uckquese, a skiff, R. W.
“Although themselves have neither,
yet they give them such names, which
in their language signifieth carrying
vessels”). kehtanog, kuhtamnog, a ship
(kitonuck, R. W.; kehtonog, C.).

body, muhhog, i’ hogk (méhhég, C.), a
body of man or animal; nuhhog (nohhog
C. nohock, R. W.), my body, myself;
nohhoganénog, our bodies, C.; kuhhog
(kohhog, C.; cohdock, R. W.), thy body,
thyself; wuhhog (wuhdck, R. W.), his
body, himself.

Waeenoma U,
waeenomont

boil (n.), mogquén, =mogquenu, it swells
or bulges out; from mogke, great.
boil (v.), tchawopham weyaus, he boiled
the flesh (i. e. he put itin water). nepa-
taush sabaheg, boil (thou) pottage (ne-
pattohkikquénat, to boil the pot, C.,
from nepatau-ohkukq). it
boils or seethes, is boiling; téuppuh-
hosit, (when it is) boiled, ‘sodden’;
nutaiwohpahham, I boil (it), i. e. make
it boiled [from touéhpeu, it is in the
water]. wussue ohkuk, a boiling pot;
wussish ohkuk, make the pot boil; wasit
ohkuk, a pot when it boils. nota quo-

touopham,

228 BUREAU

pboil—continued.
quoénchekomehteau nippeash, fire causeth
the waters to boil, Is. 64, 2.

bonds, kishpissuongash, pl. of kishpissu-
onk, from kishpissu, he ties.

bone, muskon, his bone, the bone of;
wuskon (weshkeen, wishkon, C.); pl. mus-
konash, bones; wuskonash, his bones.
Cf. dskon, a horn; askén, tiskon, a hide
(oskén, C.); wutaskon, his hide. — we-
ween, a horn, C.

*pook, wussukwhonk (wussukqiohhonk,
C.), vbl. n. from wussukhum, wussuk-
kuhhum, he writes, continues writing.
See write. ~*

bore, pukgusswin, he bores a hole (in or
through), 2 K. 12, 9; puekhummin, ‘to

bore through’, R. W.; pukquag, (when |

it is bored) a hole, eye of a needle,
Mark 10, 25; puckwhéganash, awl
blades for boring the wampum beads,
RoW:
quanne, papaquanne, thoroughly; poh-
quae, open; pohki, clear, transparent.
poahkussohhug mukgs, he bores his ear
(bores to him the ear), Ex. 21, 6.
born, neekit (when he is brought from);
neetu (he comes forth, is born, primarily
grows): noh neekit ut neekit, ‘one born in
my house’, Gen. 15, 3. See birth.
borrow, nogkohkou, he borrows; nogkoh-
kouun, (it is) borrowed; n. agent. nog-
kohkouaen, -énin, so -kuhkawwaenin, a

borrower. namohkau, he borrows; na-

mohkaush wishquash, ‘go borrow ves- |
The causatives of |

sels’, 2 K. 4, 3.
both verbs are used for the verb to lend:
namohkaihhuau, namohkohheau, he
lends; nogohkohheau, nogohkaethhuau,
he lends; suppos. noh nogohkodénit, a
lender.

bosom (pectus, sinus), pachenau
pachénou, Gaye
bosom [ pohshindeu, it is divided in two,
is halved]. See breast.

both, iiveswe, Matt. 13, 30; 15, 14 (na-
neeswe, C.?); neese, two.

bottle, guonmasq (quanawask, C.), i.e. a
gourd; wisqg, a vessel. From
gourd (?).

bottom, olhkeit; ut agwe; ohkeiyeu ne, the
bottom of it; wutch woskeche onk yaen
ohkeit, watch woskeche onk yaue dgur,
from top to bottom, Matt.

(up-

uppocheneadut, in his

asq, a

7
4i,

51;

Cf. puhpuhke, hollow; papuk- |

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

bottom—continued.
Mark 15, 38; ut wutchémqut kehtahhan-
nit, ut agwe kehtahhannit, in the bottom
of the sea (ndumatuck, in the bottom,
Ry Wie)

bough, branch, wuttuhq, wuttuk [wut-uh-
quae, at the ends or outermost parts ?].
pauchautaqunnésash, branches, R. W.;
pohchatuk, a bough, C.: pohchohkom poh-
chatuk, he breaks a limb, ibid. wid-
tuckqun, a piece of wood, R. W.; pl.
wuttoohqinash, wood, C. chedouash, che-
ouash, branches (of a vine), Gen. 40,
10, 12. ;

bought, adtoadche. See buy.

boundary, chadchabenumédonk, a bound
mark, i. e. division; from chachaube-
num (chadchapiinum, C.), he divides.
kuhkuhhunk, a boundary (a marking
out); kuhkuhkeg, (that which marks) a
bound mark, limit.

bow, n. an. ahtomp, ohtomp: nutahtomp
(Peq. n’teump, nutteumpsh, Stiles), my
bow; wutahtompeh, their bows; paton-
kundog wutahtompeuh, they bend their
bows, Ps. 64, 3; ohtomp kah kéuhquod-
tash, bow and arrows.

bow down, nauwaeu, he bows down;
nawésu, he makes a bowing or bending;
nauwaéhtam, he bows down to (it); nau-
waehtauau, he bows down to (him).
See bend.

bowels, mendgkus (munnogs, C.), the belly
or the bowels. wuttinnomhog, the en-
trails, = wut-anome-hog, of the inside of
the body. See belly.

boy, mukkatchouks (miickquachucks, R.
W.; Peq. and Narr. muckachux, Stiles),
a man child, a boy (nonkip, nonkum-
paes, a boy, C.; but nunkomp is rather
a young man); nummuckqudchucks, my
son, R. W.; muckquachuckquémese, a lit-
tle boy, ibid.

bracelets, kehtippittendpeash, kehtetippete-
nipeash, from kehte, great, petawun, it is
put on, appu (2); oris it from kehte and
appeh (suppos. appehit), trap, gin, that
which holds fast ?. See ring.

brag, mishmwau, he brags or swaggers,
C., =mishehheau (?), he makes himself
great. See boast.

brain, wuttip, R. W. (where ‘‘their opin-
ion is that the soul keeps her chief
seat and residence”’); waantam wuttup,

TRUMBULL]

brain—continued.
a wise brain, C.;
brains, ibid.

bramble. See briar.

branch. See bough.

brand, notaw pohqut,a firebrand [pohqut,
when it is broken].

brant goose (Anas bernicla), menuks, pl.
menuksog, ©.; Peg. a’ kobyeeze, Stiles;
munniicks, pl. munnticksuck, R. W.

brave. See man; valiant.

breach, pokshdonk, a breaking.

bread, petukqunneg, pl. --ash (puttuck-
qunnége, R.W.; petukquineg, C.), a cake,
bread in a cake [that which is round;
from petukqui, puttukqui, round]; pe-
tukqunnunk, n. collect. bread: weekog
petukqunnunk, unleavened (i. e. sweet)
bread; weekonne petukqunnegash, unleay-
ened cakes.

breadth, ne koshkag, ne kishkag, ne anoque
kishkag, its breadth, the breadth of it.
From kishke (kishki, C.), broad, from
side to side; kishke, at the side of. Vbl.
n. kushkesuonk, breadth (abstractly).
mishekishkae ayeuonk, a broad place;
mishonogod squont . . . mishonogok may,
(it is) a wide gate. . . a broad way,
Matt. 7, 13; mishekiskemaogkehtu,
the broad ways’, Cant. 3, 2.

metiuyppeash (pl.),

break, pohqunnum, he breaks (it) asun- |

der or in two, as a staff, a thong;
pohqunau, he breaks asunder (an an.
obj., a bow, a kettle, etc.); pohquetah-
ham, he breaks asunder (an inan. obj.
pertaining to or for another): pohque-
tahhamwog wuhkontash, they broke his

legs; pohquetahhash weepittiash, break |

thou their teeth, Ps. 58, 6; poksheau,
pokshau, it breaks or bursts asunder,

with violence, it is broken (poohquis- |

shau, C.; pékesha, pokeshawwa, R. W.);
pokshadtam, he breaks (it) with violence
or suddenly. sohqunnum, sukqunanum,
he breaks (it) in pieces, as bread: soh-
quettahham, sukquehtham, he breaks in

pieces (an inan. obj. peraining to or for |

another).
breast, (pectus) pachenau (it divides in

two, is halved); (mammie) mohpanag |
(mohpdiineg, C.); mapannog, the |

breast, R. W.; wohpanag, his or her
breasts, sometimes pl. wohpanagash.
See bosom.

‘in |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

}

229

breath, nashauonk, nashaonk, the breath,
the spirit, El. Cf. Del. lechéwon, Hkw.

breathe, nahndshau, he breathes, (nah-
nashanat, to breathe, C.); nahnashant,
when he breathes.

briar, bramble, kéus; asinnekéus [has-
sune-kous, stony (i. e. very hard) briar
2], a thorn; pl. kéussog, asinnekéussog.
Cf. muhkos [m’kéus?], the nail of a
man or talon of a beast; mukqs, an
awl.

bride, [wetauadteadt,
when she is married, taken as a wife]
(nwwetauadtam, I (a woman) am mar-
ried, C.). See wife.

bridegroom, wussentamwden, -waéenin
[wussentam, he marries (wusséntam, ‘he
goes a-wooing’, R. W.)]. See husband;
marry.

*pridge, toyusk, R. W.
ford.

weetauadteaen-in

Cf. taskeonk, a

bright, wéhsumée (wossuma@e, C.), bright,
shining, as a torch or fire; wohsippde,

bright, glittering, as
stones, polished metal; wééhsuppde
(and wésittde) togkodteg, glittering
sword.

brightness, wohsum@onk, a shining
forth, emitting light. wompag, bright
light, that which is bright; from wompi,
white.

brim. See edge.

bring, paudtau, he brings (it) hither:
paudtaush (paritous, R,W.; patawish, C.),
bring thou it hither; paudtah, bring
(it) to me; paudtémk (pautduog, R. W.),
bring ye it. pdsmau, he brings (him)
hither or near; with suffix uppasmuh,
he brought him to him (noh pasa,
bring him, C.); from pdhsu, pasw, he
is near. sohhmwunau, he brings (him)
out, caus. from sohham, he goes out;
caus. inan. sohhmwuttau, he brings (it)
out. petukodtum, he brings (it) in. pat-
chippohfinat, ‘to bring up anything from
a place’, C. (?). See fetch.

bring forth. See bear children; pro-
duce; yield.

broad, kishki, koski. See breadth.

broken, pokshde (pdkesha, pokeshawwa,
R. W.; poohquisshau, C.). See break.

brook, sepuése, sepuus; sepoése, little river,
R. W.; sebuxezes, sebuczzue, Narr., Stiles.

wohsippohtde,

230 BUREAU
brook—continued.
Dimin. from sépu, a river. Dimin. of 2d
degree sepoémese, a little rivulet, R. W.
broth, pottage, sdbahég, sebahég, sabahég,
that which is made soft or thinned.
From saupde, sabde, soft, thin, melting.
brother, memat-oh, his brother, the broth-
er of (him); wemat-in (@wemdttin, C.),
a brother, i.e. any brother, the brother
of any; neemat, my brother; keemat, thy
brother; pl. wematog, his brothers (wee-
matittuock, they are brothers, R. W.).
weetahtu-oh, her brother or sister, prop-
erly one of the same family or born
in the same house (vetat, a sister, C.).
nun-nohténukqus, inry brother; kenohté-
nukqus, thy brother; wunnohténukqus-
oh, her brother, the brother of (her).
weetompas-su (his or her friend), his or
her brother or sister (wetompas-in, a
sister, C.); neetompas, my brother or
sister; keetompas, thy brother or sister
(Abn. nidanibé, mon trére, seu un étran-
ger que j’aime comme mon frére,
Rasles). N. collect. weemattinneunk, all
the brothers, the brotherhood.
sumus-soh, his or her younger brother
or sister, the younger of brothers or
sisters (weésummis, asister, R.W.; Muh.
ngheesuin, a younger brother or sister,
Edw. 91). mohtommégit, inohtomégitche,
his or her eldest brother or sister, the
first born of brothers or sisters (Muh.
netohcon, an elder brother; nmase, an
elder sister, Edw. 91). See sister.
It doubtful whether Eliot had
himself mastered the distinctions in

is

the expression of degrees of relation-
ship between male and female mem-
bers of the same family. From a com-
parison of the revised edition of his
translation with the translation of
John’s Gospel printed with the Mas-
sachusetts Psalter in 1709 it appears
that weemat-oh expressed the relation
of brother to brother, wun-nohténukqus-
oh of brother to sister, weetahtu-oh of
brother or sister (without distinction
of sex) to brother, and weetompassu of
brother or sister to brother or sister,
used by either sex of either sex. For
the Abnaki see Rasles under PARENTEE,
SUR,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

wee-

[BULLETIN 25

build a house, wekitteau, he builds his
house, makes his wigwam (houses
himself); wekuhkau, he builds a house
for (another person).
building, n. wekitteaonk (pass. ybl. being
built). -komuk, which seems to signify
an inclosed place, a shelter or covert,
was used in the composition of names
of buildings other than dwelling houses
erected by the English. Thus gunnunk-
que-komuk (quinuhqui-komuk, C.), ahigh

tower; mayyeakomuk [miyae-komuk], a
meeting house, C.; mechimukkomuk
(feeding house), a barn, ibid.; woskeche
| komuk, the top or roof of a house, ete.
burden, weanun, weanin; weassunau, he
bears a burden; weassuk, when he bears
a burden; pl. neg weassukeg, bearers of
burdens (nidutdsh and wéawhush, take
it on your back, R. W.).
burn, vy. i. chikohteau, chikohtau, it burns;
notau chikohtop, the fire burned (chik-
koht, C.; chickot, fire, R.W.); from chéke,
chikke, violent, fierce, and ohteau, it has
itself, it inherently is); chikohtde, burn-
ing, on fire. V.t. chikkosum, chikohsum,
' he burns (it); with an. obj. chikkossw
(nut-chikkos, T burn, C.). Vbl. n. (act. )
chikkéhsuonk, chikkésuonk, a burning;
(pass. ) chikkoswuttionk, a being burned.
V. i. nashquneau, it burns, primarily it
rages. Cf. nashquit (when it storms
violently), a tempest or destructive
storm (nun-nishquet, I rage; nashquit-
tin, a northerly storm or a tempest, C.).
Suppos. part. concrete nashquttag, that
which burns, a fire (sqgutta, R. W.);
nashqurnde mohkossaash, barning coals.

V.t. nashqussu [nashqun-ussu, he makes
burn], he kindles, sets on fire; some-
times y. i. nashqundnumohteau, he kin-
dles fire. See consume.

burnt, chikkohtawun; chikkosumun (ot
inan. obj.), pl. 4- ash.

burrow, wénogg (a hole); éwonogkuog,
mwonogkaog, they burrow (have holes).

| burst, pushksheau, it bursts asunder;

paskuhkom, pashkuhkom, he bursts (it)
asunder. From pdhshe, half; pohsheau,
it divides in two. See gun.

bury, posekinnau, be buries (him);
suffix up-posekin-éuh, they buried him
(nup-posiikin, I bury, C.; posakinna-

TRUMBULL]

bury—continued.
mun, tobury, R. W.); posekinit (when, he
is buried), his burial; posekinitteaonk,
a burial, being-buried. From poskeu,

' he is naked; poskinau, he strips (him)
naked or is naked.

bush, nepéunk; chippishinneuhtugk.

business, affair, tinniyéuonk [act. vbl.
from unnaiinneat, to beso orinsuch man-
ner], condition, case, circumstances:
ponniyeue tnniyetionk, ‘rude behavior,
manner, way, state, condition’, C.;
wunnegen unniyeuonk, a good cause,
ibid.; matcheniyeuonk, ‘evil case’, EL;
wuttinniyeuongash, his affairs.
matéonk, pissishaonk (pissaiyeuonk, C.),
business, employment.

but, conj. qut (qut, qut onch, C.); webe,
wepe (only), but, Mass. Ps.; gut onch,
ohnchikoh, but yet.

buy, adtéaii, he purchases from (him);
noh adtéadt, he who buys, a buyer;

pissau-

call (y.), wehkomau, wetékomau, he calls
(him) : wehkom kahsuk, call thy husband
(wécum, R. W.) ; wehquetum, he calls for
(it), asks for (it); wehquetumau, he calls
on (him) for (it), asks (him) for (it);
kowehquetumoush, I pray thee (kawe-
quetummdush, I beseech you, C.).

call by a name (appellare), hettamun,

it is called (tahéttamen, what call you

this? R. W., = toh hettamun, what is
it called?): ne pish hettamun may, it shall
be called the way, ete., Is. 35,8. hennou,
hennau, he is called (by the name of):
toh kuttehenit? what is thy name (how
are you called)? (tahéna? what is his

name? R. W.); hennou, dhundu, he calls

(him); suffix wuttinuh, he called him.
call by a name (nominare),
wenau, he calls or names (him): pish
kuttussowen Jesus, thou shalt call his
name Jesus.

USSO-

ussowetam, he
names (it): toh ussowetam? (tahossowétam,
k. W.) what is the name of it?
wessu, (he is) called or named; asswmwesit,
called (when he is called}, C.; ntiissa-
wese, 1 am called or named, etc., R.W.

calls or

USSO-

ENGLISH—NATICK

DICTIONARY Deal

| buy—continued.

C

canoe.

adtéadche, bought, purchased; act. vbl.
adtéaonk, a purchase (édadtuhkau, he
pays (him); oadtuhkah, pay me; nut-
tottowam, I buy, C.). mandhamin, he
buys it, R. W.; kum-mandhamin? have
you bought (it)?; kum-mandhamoish,
I will buy it of you; kuttattaiamish,
T will buy this of you, ibid. Elsewhere,
manoham; an. obj. manowhau, he re-
deems or ransoms. taphum, tabhuin
(he satisfies, makes satisfaction), he
buys (it); taphumau, he buys it of (him);
nut-taphumauop, | bought (it) of (him).
From (dpi, it is enough, it suffices.

by, prep. nashpe, by, by means of, with

(object, agent, or instrument) (ndshpe,
nashpéne, by or through, C.); wutche,
by, proceeding from.

bye and bye, ndim, ndimitch, R. W.

calm, auwépin, the wind ceases (av-

wépu, a calm, R.W.; auwepiie ahquompi,
a calm season, C.; awépesha, it calms,
R. W.). Ct. waban, wind.

camp, (/uppuksinnwonk [act. ybl. from

tuppuksinnwog, tuppuksinwog, they en-
camp].

can (auxil.), woh, ‘may or can’, ex-

pressing ‘a possibility to be’, El. Gr.
20: uttoh woh yeush en nnih, how
these things be? John 3, 9; matta
wunnampohamauoh, he could not

swer him. See able; unable.

can
woh
an-

*eandle, wequdnanteg (wasdquandnétick,

C.; wequanantig, R. W.).
See boat.

See light.

cap, hashonuko (ashénaquo, or saunketip-

po, cap or hat, R.W.; onkqueekha, a hat,
C. Cf. onkqueg, onkwheg, that which
covers over; a cover).

captain, inugwomp, mugquomp, pl. -aog

(keénomp, mickquomp, pl. -patiog, *cap-
tains or valiant men’, R. W.; wmuk-
quompae, valiantly, C.), =mogke-omp,
great man (relatively great or by com-

232 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

captain—continued.
parison). keenomp (kenompae, valiantly ;
kenompaonk, valor, C.).

captive, missin, indef. missinnin (missin-
nege, R. W.; num-missindm ewo, this is
my captive, R. W.). missinnin prima-
rily signifies a man (homo) of any other
(that is,inferior) nation, as distinguished
from wosketomp, the tribe-man (vir);
literally it is ‘one of the many’, missi-
ninnu; pl. missinninnuog, people (nin-
nimissiniuvock, ‘folk’, R. W.), answer-
ing to Greek of zoAAoi etymologically,
but more exactly to Badpfapor, ‘barba-
rians’, in its applied use; missindou, mis-
sinna, he is acaptive, an outside or for-
eign barbarian.

capture, missinohkonau, he takes or car-
ries away captive (him or them);
with suffix nah ummissinohkonuh, he
took them captive. See catch; seize;
take.

eare for, wuttwantam, he cares for, is
careful of (it); wuttamantam, he is care-
ful, or full of care (wuttanantam, C.;
notammduntam, ‘Il am busy’, R. W.).
nanaantam, he takes care of (it); nan-
auantamée, careful, C.

carry, kup-pumminegkon-ish, I will carry
thee; nup-pumminneeteam hussun, 1
carry a stone, C. (?). sohhawuttau, he
carries (it) forth. See bear; bring.

carve, kogkéhsum, kogoksum, kuhkussum,
he carves, shapes by cutting, cuts
out, engraves (it); kogoxummonk, ‘en-
graying’, carving; kogoksumwe, carved,
‘graven’.

cast (a stone), togkonat qussuk, to hurl a
stone at an object, from the hand ora
sling. From togkom, he strikes.

cast away, pogkelam, he casts (it) away
(nup-pdketam, I throw away, C.);
pogkenau, he casts (him) off or away
(wv pakétam [the inanimate form of the
verb is here given, wrongly], I put her
away, R\W.); noh pagkenont ummittam-
wussoh, he who divorces or puts away
his wife; pognit, (when she is) put away,
divorced.

east down, wnnohkénau, nohkonau,
nokinau, he casts (him) down; suffix
wuttinnohkonuh ohkeit, he cast him to
the ground; nmkshau, nohkshaw, he

cast down—continued.
casts himself down (quickly or vio-
lently); naokuhkonau, he casts (him)
down (from a high place); suffix wun-
nokuhkonuh, he casts them down;
unnohteau, he casts (him) into or to;
unnohtedog nataut, they cast (them)
into the fire; unndhteam, unnuhteam, he
casts (it) down; penohkonau, he casts
or throws (him) down (penohkénat, to
throw down, C.); penuhkau, he cast
down upon (him); uppenuhkauoh qus-
sukquanash, he cast down on him stones,
Josh. 10, 11; penuhteau, he cast down
(it) upon (it): penuhteau wuhhogkuh en
ohkekontu, he cast himself down on the
earth, 1 K. 18, 42. In all these forms
the theme is nwkeu, nohkeu, he de-
scends,- en ohke-au, goes earthward.

cast into the water, chauopham
(chowwoppémmin, to cast overboard;
chouwophash, cast (thou) it overboard,
R. W.); chauohpuhteash om, ‘cast a
hook’, Matt. 17, 27. So, chauopham,
he boils or seethes (it), i. e. puts it in
water. Cf. chauopsheau, he casts himself
or falls into the water.

eatch (ensnare), puttawhau, puttuhhau,
he catches by a snare, ensnares; and
pass. (but more usually, puttohham, put-
tahham, he is caught, ensnared ); puttah-
hamwog, they are snared; puttuhhuk,
when he is snared; kuppitham, thou art
caught (in a snare), Jer. 50, 24; puttah-
hamwehettit, when they are caught (as
fishes in anet); puttuhhukquehettit, when
they are caught (as birds by a snare),
Eccl. 9, 12. Cf. petshau, he falls into
(a pit or snare); petutteau, he goes into,
enters; pétau, he puts into.

catch (lay hold of), tohqunaw mosquoh,
he catches a bear; wutohqunéuh, they
catch him; tohqunum (tohquinum, C.),
he catches, seizes hold of (it). Cf.
togqun nishwe. . ., ‘it received and
held three’ (thousand baths), 2 Chr.
4,5. wuttannun, he catches or lays
hold on (him) by (a part or member);
nuttannun cweeshitton-it, 1 caught him
by his beard; noh anunont anumwoh
wehtauogut, one taking a dog by the
ears.

caterpillar, mapdog, mmpauok.

TRUMBULL]

cattle, netassu (netas, C.), pl. netassuog,
any domestic or tamed animal.

caught (by inan. obj.), uppuhkuk ségkut-
tin, his head caught (in a tree).

cause; causing. Efficient causality was
expressed by a special form of conjuga-
tion of the verb, of which Eliot gives
an example in his Indian Grammar,
page 59, and of which frequent use is
made in his translation of the Bible.
Its characteristic is the insertion of
-wah- or -eh- after the root of the verb,
as pogkenumwog they are blind, pog-
kenumwaheéog they are made to be
blind; nawtam he hears (it), matam-
waheh cause thou me to hear; wahteau
he understands, wahteauwaheh cause
thou me to understand; noh pannéont
he who goes astray, noh panneahheont
he who causeth (others) to go astray,
etc. The formal cause and the material
cause are expressed by wutch, alone and
in compounds, entering into the compo-
sition of nearly all verbs which include
the idea of source, origin, production,
or the like, as referred to the issue or
thing produced, the animate or inani-
mate object proceeding from, issuing
from, or caused by another. See be-
cause; father; from.

cave, cavern, hassunnegk.

cedar, chikkup (utchukkiippemis, C.; mish-
quawtuck [=musqui-uhtug, red wood],
IReIWe)):

change, dsmwunum wuthogkounash, he
changes his garments; désmwunont, if
he change (beast for beast, Lev. 27,
10); matta nut-Ghésue ussu, I change not
(I do not changeably); ésmwemo, it is
changed, it changes; pajeh é6sawemamuk,
till it is (shall be) changed.

cheat, aswkekodteamm, he uses deceit,
deceives intentionally (nwut-asswkekod-
team, I cheat, C.); noh aswmkekodteamwit,
the deceiver, he who deceives (habit-
ually); n. agent. aswkekodteammen, one
who deceives (actually). See deceive.

cheek, manmnau, m’na@nau; nanna@nau,
my cheek; wannmnau (wonninou, C.),
his cheek [nwnau, he sucks?].

cherish, nussohkommoosmwam, I cherish
or nourish (suwmmoonittinneat, to be
cherished or nourished, C.).

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

233

chestnut, wompumus (wéompimish, R.W.),
a chestnut tree; wdémpimineash, chest-
nuts; Re) Wis (Narr. ),
Stiles; Del. wapim, chestnut, Hkw.
[wompi-minneash, white fruit or nuts].

chew, pasquodtam, he chews (it)?;
quam pasquodtamamuk, before it was
chewed, Num. 11, 13 [pasquag, fine, mi-
nute; cf. pup-pissi, dust]. onchittamau
or kohkodhumau, it chews the cud;
onchittamont, kohkodhumont (suppos.
part. an.), chewing the cud. oncheteau-
un, ‘revised’ or ‘corrected’, is used on
title-page of Rawson’s edition of Samp.
Quinnup. (Sincere Convert), 1689.

chief, kehche, kehte, kehtau, he is chief
or relatively great. See old.
mohsag, relatively great or important;
anue mohsag, that which is more or
most great; missugke, great, powerful,
important; masugkenuk, (when he is)
very great, chief; wame masugkenuk,
‘the Almighty’. piahquttuk, piahquttu-
munutche, chief or principal (man, sery-
ant, etc.), Gen. 40, 20, 22. See ruler;
sachem.

child, mukki, pl.+-og; dimin. mukkiés, a
little child (mukkoies, C.; nwm-mickiese,
my child, R. W.). naonuk, (when he
sucks) a sucking child; nanukde muk-
kies (nondnnis, noonsu, R. W.; Narr.,
nunnese Stiles; Peg. niizaus, Stiles) a
suckling. peisses, peississu, (he is) very
small [an. dimin. from pea-, little]; peis-
sissit [suppos. part. from peississu ], when
he is very small; noh peississit, “he who
is least’, Matt. 11, 11; pl. peississitcheg.
Intens. or dimin. of endearment, papeis-
sesu, papeississit, papéasek (inan., but ap-
plied to children, ‘little thing’) (pa-
poos, a child, R. W.; nip-pdpoos, my
child, ibid.; Peq., pouppous Stiles; Lat.
pupa, pusa). mukkutchouks (miickqua-
chucks, R. W.), a male child, a son.
See boy. nunkomp (nénkup, C.), a boy,
a youth; dimin. nunkompaes, nunkompa-
emes (nonkumpaes, C.) [nunkon (nak),
light, levis, and omp, man].
nunksq (nonkishq, C.), a girl, young
woman [nunkon-squa]; dimin. nwnk-
squaes, nunksquaemes. See young. nee-
chanog, pl. (they are born) children
(without regard to age or sex), off-
spring; wunneechan, bis child (Muh,

waumpmunch

as-

missag,

nunksqua,

234 BUREAU

child—continued.
wnechun, Edw.; kenechdnog, your child-
ren, C.); wunneechdneunk, the children,
as a body or class, collectively. See
daughter; son.

*chimney, wanachikomuk (wunnachkém-
muk, C.; R. W.),
=wanashque-komuk, on the top of the
house.

chin, mishan, C.

chogset. See cunner.

choke, nuppashoon, I am choked, C.;
nupwoshwoog, they are choked, El.

choose, pepénam, pepeneam, he chooses
(it); pepenash, choose thou; pepenau,
he chooses or selects (him); mahche
pepentiuonche, atter haying chosen
him, C. From penawe, it is different;
pe-penau, he differences.

wunnauchicémock,

chosen, pepenmwonche, -auonche, one who |

is chosen.

circle. See round.

circumcise, quoshqussau, quosquswau, he
cireumcises (him); quoshqussausu, (he
is) cireumcised; suppos. part. noh
quoshqussuk, being circumcised.

circumcision, ybl. n. quoshqussausuonk.

*city, kehtotan, keihtotan, great or chief
town. See town.

clam, poquathock, R. W.; Peq. pouh-

quauhhaug, p quaughhaug, Stiles; the |

round clam (Venus mercenaria), from
the black or, rather, dark purple margin
of the shell, of which the Indians made
the ‘suckavihock or black money’, R.W.
104. The first portion of the name,
pooquaw, is retained in Nantucket; the
last, quauhaug, in other parts of New
England. Rasles gives (Abn. ) ‘peksé,
pl. pekSahak, huitres’. The deriva-
tion is not clear. Perhaps pukquag,
that which is bored, and haug (hogk),
a shell; or pukquag (péquag) may be
employed in its derived sense, an in-
closure, with reference to the box-like
character of the shell as contrasted with
the gaping valves of the Mya. — sickis-
suog (stikkisstiog, C.; Peg. sucksawaug,
Stiles), long clams, Mya arenaria
[=suhq-, sohq-ussuog, they spit or
squirt].

claws, talons, onkqunnésog; wonkqunné-
sog, their claws [whquon-ese, dim. a lit-
tle hook]. mhkos, pl. mihkossog, the

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

claws, talons—continued.
nails, claws, hoofs [m’uhkéus, a sharp
point].

clay, manonsk, pl. mananskog, ‘bricks’.

clean, pahke, pohki (pohkoiyéue, C.; pah-
keytué, cleanlily, ibid. ); pahkesu, (he is)
clean, made clean or pure; pahketeau,
he cleans (it), makes clean.

clear, pahke, pohki, (it is) clear ( pahke-
yee, C.; pduqui, R. W.); pohqude, open,
manifest, that may be seen through
(pahkee, pohkiyeu, clearly, C.); pohkok
(when it is clear, transparent), the clear
sky ( pduqui, pduquaquat, ‘it holds up’,
R. W., i. e. it is clear). Related to
puhqui, it is hollow, bored through;
poquag, a hole; hence, that which may
be seen through. Cf. Greek dza, 61a
ay w, deine(deixvvpt), possibly daz@,
to divide.

cleave, pohshinum, he divides, cleaves
in two, literally he halves (it), from
pohshe, half. pahpassehtau, he cleaves
it, makes it divide [ pohshe, with redup.
freq. and caus. inan. form].

climb, kuténtauohtou, he climbed up,
went by climbing; he
climbed up to or into a place (ldun-
tawem, 1 climb; atduntowash, climb
thou, R. W.); tohkotaau, he climbs
on (it), as a ladder, a rock, a tree
(nut-tohkos, I climb, C.).

close, closed, kuppohham, he stops,
shuts, closes (it); noh kobhog, he who
stops orcloses; kobhamuk, suppos. part.
inan. pass. closed, when it is closed
(kiippash, ‘shut the door’, R. W.; kup-
pohhash wtsquont, shut the door, C.);
kuppi, thick, close, dense (cuppi-mach-
dug, a thick wood, a swamp, R. W.);
kuppahtu, in a thicket or thick wood;
kuppadt, kuppdd (when it is close), ice
(Peq., kuppat Stiles); kuppohhow (the
instrument of closing), a door; koppo-
muk, kobhamuk, kobhog, a closed place, a
harbor or haven; kupputton [=kuppi-
tom, closed mouth, ] a dumb person, ete.
See shut.

*cloth, ménak (marinek, R. W.; monag,
C.), ménag, monagk, in compound
words -onagk: womponak (wompinuit,
R. W.), white cloth; msquonagk (mish-
quinuil, R. W.), red cloth. comaunekun-
nuo, have you any cloth? R. W., i.e.
kum-maunek-unnuo. ménak was often

wutontauau,

TRUMBULL]

cloth—continued.
used for a garment, cloak, coat, or other
clothing. That which is traded (?); ef.
kummanéhamin? haye you bought?; num-
mouanaquish, I come to buy (of you);
mouanaqushauog, chapmen, R.W. Or,
with reference to its texture, monak,
that which is many (?).

clothe, hogka, he is clothed (with); hog-
kush (ocquash, R. W.), ‘put on’, be thou
clothed with; hogqut, agquit (when he

puts on), clothed with; ne agquit, ne |

dqut, that which he is clothed with
(squaus aihaqut, “a woman’s mantle’,
R.W.); ogqunneat, hog-, to wear clothes,
to be clothed (ogquinneut, to put on,
C.); mu-dgquannehhuam, I clothe, C.,
i. e. make clothed.
put on (clothes). From hog, the body,
the person (?). Cf. ohkan, a dressed
skin (acéh, ‘their deer skin’ mantle,
R. W.); hogkwonk, clothing; hogki,
scales; onkhum, he covers (pass. he is
covered ); onkqunneat, to be clothed.

V. t. ogqunnum, I

clothing, hogkwonk (aukmonk, C.), pl.
-ongash, garments. See dress.

cloud, matokgs, mahtohqs (mattduqus, R.
W.); wompatokgs, a white cloud; matoh-
quodt (mdattaquat, R. W.), when it is
cloudy or overcast, ‘foul weather’
[=m wuttogki, moisture, wet?].

coal, mohkussa, mohkos, a burning coal;
pl. mohkossaash, coals of fire: anue moi
onk ne mohkos, blacker than a coal
[=m’kossa, that which is hot (?), or
maikossa, black-hot (?)]. Cf. Abn.
mkasé, charbon éteint; mkasésk8tai,
charbon ardent, Rasles.

*cock, monsh (ménish, ndmpash, ‘a hen, a
cock’, C.; perhaps intended for ménish
nompashim (a male) ; chicks, ‘taken from
the English’’, R. W.).

codfish, «anishdimog, C.,

from anussu,

anishu, it is tainted, putrid, or smells |

badly, descriptive enough of a badly
cured codfish; pauganait, pl. +-amwock,
R.W. (but pdkonnétam, haddock, C.).
cold, songui, (it is) cold or cool (to the
touch); ohke sonkqui, the earth is cold,
C.; sonkippog, cold water (saunqui nip?
is the water cool? R. W.; saunkopaugot,
cool water, ibid.); adj. an. sonkquesu,
he is cold (anniim sonkquesu, the dog is

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY

235

cold—continued.
cold; nus-sonkques, I am cold, C.).
tohkoi (tahki, tatakki, R. W.), it is cold
weather (macheke tohkoi, it is very cold,
C.; tahkees, cold, R. W., but rather,
cool, a little cold, dimin. of tahki); adv.
tohkaeu, in cold weather; suppos. inan.
tohkag, (when itis) cold. Cf. taquénck,
autumn; faqudttin, it is frozen, R. W.;
tmpu, frost; tahtippadtou, he
quenches, he cools (it); ahtappadtam,
he quenches. quoshquodchu, he feels
cold, suffers with cold (quosquatchu,
he is cold, C.; niickqusquateh, nickqus-
quatchimin, I am cold, R. W.; anniim
quosquatcha, the dog is cold, C.).

collect. See assemble; gather.

come, peydu, he comes, oppos. to mon-
chu, he goes, both verbs having re-
gard to the place where the speaker is
or is supposed to be; peyaush ( peyosh,
C.), come thou; peyunk, come ye; sup-
pos. part. payont, when he comes, he
coming; pachettit (peydhettit, R. W.),
when they come, they coming or being
come (tahwhitch kwp-peeyatimen ? what
come you for? R. W., =tohwutch kup-
peyaumo?). See arrive.

come or proceed from, wutcheu, wad-
chiyeu, he proceeds or originates from
or in (having regard to the origin or
source), sometimes wutjishau; suppos.
part. wadchiit, wajhet, he who comes
from: toh wadchiit, ‘whence he was’,
i. e. whence he came, Judg. 13, 6; ne
wadchieh, ‘whence I am’, John 7, 28;
inan. pl. mushonash wutjishaash, boats
came from, John 6, 23 (tunna wiutshat-
ock? whence come they?; wetuémuck
noteshem, I came from the house; ndw-
watuck noteshem, I came from afar, R.
W.) From wutche, from. kachémo, kut-
chemo, it proceeds or comes from (with
regard to procedure or progress)

tohpu,

; knen
kitche, 1 begin, C., i.e. 1 go onward from;
or nukkitchetissen, ibid. See begin;
earth; father; proceed.

comfort, tapehhuau, tapheau, he com-
forts (him), lit. causes (him) to be
content (nut-tappeh, I comfort, C.; tap-
pehhudnat, to comfort, ibid.). Caus.
from taupi, tdpi, it is sufficient, or
enough; tapantam, he is satisfied. See
satisfy.

236 BUREAU

command annumau, annanar (he speaks
with authority to), he commands
(him); annanénish, 1 command thee
(kut-annonuk, he commands thee; nut-
annonuk, he commands me, C.); toh
dnont, ne dnont, what he commands;
suppos. part. noh dnont, he who com-
mands, he when commanding; wuttin-
nowaonk, (his) saying, command. See
say; think.

commandment, nawmatwonk, pl. -ongash,
law, commandment. annateammonk:
wuttannateammonk God, a command-
ment of God; act. vbl. from annamteam,

annotam, he commands (inan. obj. or |

intrans.) nowaonk, a saying (by a
superior to an inferior), a command-
ment; from nawau, he says. See say.
kuhkuhwaonk, ordering, an order or
command [lit. a marking out, from
kuhkenau, he marks out, sets in order].

common, machekeyeuw, it is abundant, |

it is common; nanwe missinninnuog,

common people; nanwe petukquneg, com- |

mon bread (nanwe wosketomp, any man,

C.); ‘nanwe wut-Epistleam Jude’, the |

general epistle of Jude.

commonly, wekdnche, C.

commotion, wogkoueonk (a stirring up,
or setting in motion), a stir, tumult,
commotion.

companion, weetomukqutch (he who goes
with or accompanies); weetomp, a com-
panion, comrade, friend. See friend.

compare. See liken.

compel, chetunuwau, he compels (him),
C.; chetimau, El. See force, v.

complain, guenowduog, they complain,
Rk. W. (rather, they are in want, lack
something); tahwhitch quenawdyean?
why complain yeu (sing.)? R. W.

completely, pakodche (paucdétche, ‘al-
ready’, R. W., and paugcotche): pakod-
che ussenal, to do completely, to ac-
complish; freq. papogkodche, to the full
or uttermost. See finish.

conceal. See hide.

conceive, wompequau, wompequaeu,
-quéou, she conceives, is pregnant; wom-
pequait, if or when she conceives;
adj. wompequde (wompéquo, C.), with
child, pregnant; wompequauonk (a con-
ceiving), conception.

concerning, prep. papaume.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 23

condemn, pakodchimau, pogkodchimau

(he makes an end of, finally disposes
of), he utterly censures or condemns
( pogkodchummudénat, to condemn, to
convince (?), C.). From pakodche,
completely, utterly; lit. there is an
end of it, he finishes it. wussumau, he
judges, sentences, or condemns (him).
Sée judge.

condition, circumstances, tnniyeuonk

(his affairs, matters, res). See business.

conduct one’s self or behave toward,

do or act toward, unnéhhuau, unne-
unheau, he deals with, treats,
acts toward, does to (him); ne pish
kuttinhen, that or thus thou shalt do
to me; toh kittinhesh? what am I doing
to thee? how do I act toward thee?;
unneheh, so deal thou with

heau,

ne 9 me,
2 Chr. 2, 3; wnnehhuk (unneheuk)

nag, deal ye with them, deal with
them; ne nuttinheun ne anhit, I do to
him as he hath done (as he may do,
suppos.) to me, Prov. 24, 29. This
verb, of very frequent use, is a causa-
tive from neane, such, so: unnehheau,
he causes it to be so to him.

coney, watituckques, R. W. In the re-
print ‘the conck’, but in the original
‘the conie’. mohtukquasog, conies, Ps.
30, 26 (wuhtukquasuog, Mass. Ps., Ps.
104, 18).

confess, sampwam, sampoantam, he con-
fesses (it); sampmau (samppmowau, C.),
he confesses to (him). From sampwe,
sampwi, rectus.

conjuror, pauwau (powwaw, R. W.), a

priest, conjuror, or sorcerer. See
priest; wizard.
conquer, sohkom, he conquers, over-

comes, prevails over (it): sohkom otan,
he took the town; sohkash machuk,
overcome (thou) evil, Rom. 12, 21; an.
sohkau, he prevails over, conquers
(him); suffix wus-sohkau-oh, he pre-
vailed over him; noh sohkauont, he who
prevails or conquers (suppos. when
conquering); pl. neg sohkauoncheg, they
when conquerors, the conquerors. n-
nau, anniiwau, he overcomes or con-
quers, C. (?).
consider of, meditate on,

natwontam, he considers of (it).

devise,

TRUMBULL]

consume, mohtupohtean, mohtuppaew (it |

passes away), it is consumed, wastes
away, dissolves, vanishes, or the like;
with a pass. signif., mohtuppaemo, it is
consumed, melted (mohtupaenate, to
consume; num-mohtupaem, | consume or
I am sick, C.). With the sense of mis-
fortune or disaster, mahtsheau, it wastes
away, consumes; so, mahtsheau, mah-
sheau, it decays, it fails, it vanishes
away. From mache. See decay; haye;
pass away; sick. notaw mahchekussum,
the fire consumed (it); na@taw mahche-
kussuau, the fire consumed (him),=
mahche-chikossum, made an end of burn-
ing. mohtuttano, it is consumed; mah-
tugquash mohtutta-ash, the trees are con-
sumed, i. e. burned up. mahtsuwae,
mahtsuhhuae, consuming (as a fire).

contempt, vbl. n. act. mishananwmaonk,
a despising or contemning; pass. mish-
ananittuonk, a being despised or con-
temned. See despise.

contend with, be at difference with,
penuanumau, he contends or is at
strife with (him); noh penuanumont, he
(when) contending, he who contends;
mutual an. penuanittuog, they contend
with one another. From penoweu, there
is a difference; penowe, different.

contented, fapantam, he is satisfied with
(it); he is contented, =tdpi-antam, sat-
isfied, or enough-minded.

contention, vbl. n. act. penuanumaonk,
having a difference with; recip. and
pass. penudnittuonk (mutual difference),
contention, strife.

continual, nagwuttede; ady. nagwutteaeu
(it continues or is continual), at all
times, always (nagwutteaeyeuwonk, per-
severance, C.).

*converted, quinnuppekompau, (hestands
turned about), he is converted. N.
agent. (indef.) quinnuppekompauaénin,
anyone who stands turned about, a con-
vert (as in the title of the translation

of Shepard’s ‘Sincere Conyert’’, Sain- |

pwutteahae Quinnuppekompauenin).
cook. See bake; roast.

copulate, wehpamau, he has sexual con-

nection with (her), he lies with, as |

man with woman; with suftix awehpo-

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

237

copulate—continued.
muh, he lay with her;
kannem, semen virile; wepumawdonk,
sexual connection; but the same (?)
verb, wehpumau, wepimau, signifies he
eats with, shares a meal with, as pish
ko-wepimimwo, ye shall eat with me,
1 Sam. 9, 19 (wehpittituk, let us eat to-
gether, Exp. Mayhew). See couple.

cord, string, pemunneat, pemunneoht
(peminneaht ome, a (fishing) line, C., =
atimanep, R.W.; pedmenyaht, acable (?),
C.). tuttupun, tuttuppunohtog (it is
twisted), a cord, string, or thread; ha-
shabpe tuttuppun, a tow thread; musqut
tuttuppun, a scarlet thread.

cormorant, huts, kuttis, kuttuhsu, pl. -uog
(kitsuog, R. W.).

corn, weatchimin (the plant or corn in
the field); pl. weatchiminneash (the
fruit) (eachimmineash, C.; ewachimneash,
R. W.; Peq. wewaritchemins, Stiles;
Narr. accoquiss, Stiles; Abn. skam8n, pl.
-nar, mesikStar, ‘blé entier, qui n’ est pas
pilé’; Saiibighensr skam8nar, or 8aiibe-
menar, blé blane; SisSmenar, blé jaune) .
This name is compounded of min, pl.
minneash, grain, fruit, and a word which
is related to meech, he eats, and meechum
(he eats it), food, the primitive form or
radical force of which I can not fix.
munnequomin, green corn (in the field) ;
pl. munnequaminneash, green ears of
corn; missunkquaminneash, dry ears;
dimin. missunkquaminnémesash, dried
up or blasted ears. appasuash (and
apwosue) weatchiminneash (contract.
appuminnednash), parched or roasted
corn (aupiminneanash, R. W.); from
apwou, appwsu, he roasts. nahkik
(nocake, Wood; nokehick, R. W.), ‘In-
dian corn parched in the hot ashes,

afterwards beat to powder’,

‘parched meal, which they eat with a
little water, hot or cold’, R. W.;
from nahki, it is soft; n@hkik (suppos. ),
when it is softened. pishquéhick, un-
parched meal, R. W.; from pashquag,
that which is fine or in powder, whence
caus. pashquehheau, he makes it fine;
suppos. pashquehhik (Abn. péskes8,* il
est fleuré’; pl. -sSak, Rasles).
ump, ‘‘a kind of meal pottage, un-
parehed . From this the English

wepamame WUs-

nasd-

9

38 BUREAU OF
corn—continued.
call their samp, which is the Indian
corn beaten and boiled’’, R. W.;
mineanawsdump, ‘their parched meal
boiled with water’, ibid.; from sau-
pde, sabde, softened by water, macer-
ated (whence sdbahég, pottage; wus-
thin):
R. W.), that which is boiled soft or
macerated in water; hence, sappaen
[sauppae-un, pass. part. form], ‘the
crushed corn boiled to a pap’, Monta-
nus, Deser. N. Netherland, 1671, =the
suppawn, sepawn, of the Dutch (and
pone of Pennsylvania and Maryland?).
mv sickquatash, ‘boiled corn whole’, R.
W.,=mod. suecotash [sohquttahhash,
inan. pl. from sohquttahham, he breaks
it to pieces, or, as applied to an ear of
corn, he shells it; im’sohquttahhash (se.
minneash), the shelled corn boiled, in-
stead of boiled ears].
corner, naiyag, nayag, nahnaiyag, the
external point where two lines meet, a
corner or angle externally, a point [ndi,
squared, angled; naihaue (néeu), in the
middle or between two]: adt naiyag,
to or at the corner; yaue naiyag (or
naee) wetu, the four corners of the
house; freq. adt nahndiyag, at the four
corners, i. e. at all the corners. nashik,
=naiyag [from nashaue, between]:
yau-ut nashik ohke, at the four corners
of the earth; adj. nashinne, of or at a

aupi-

sabpe, ne saupde (nawsaump,

corner; nashinne qussuk, a corner-stone.
pachekeheg, patsai, pachéag, pochag,
a retired place, out of the way, a
recess, a corner: wt pochoag, adt po-
chag, in a corner, Proy. 21, 9; 25, 24:
aush potsaut, go into the closet, Matt.
6, 6 [from pahchau, pauchau, he turns
aside, deviates; or from pohcheau, it
divides, separates].

corpse, ahchunk, oftener napuk (when
he is dead). mauchavihom, ‘the dead
man’, ‘the deceased’, R. W., lit. he has
gone away. See dead; death; die.

corrupt, anunna, it is corrupt, tainted,
putrid, rotten; anuniwog, aninwog Lanin-
na@og), they are corrupt; suppos. anit,
(when it is) corrupt (‘it is putrefied’,
R. W.); n. concrete aneuk, a corrupt
thing (when it is corrupt), a rotten

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

{BULLETIN 25
2

corrupt—continued.
(weyausue aninnoonk, ‘corruption of
the flesh’, C.); adj. annittue, corrupted;
an. act. anussu, he causes or produces
corruption; he is corrupt, rotten, or pu-
trefied. From dnue (?), more, beyond,
further, too much. pussoqua, rotten, C.:
pussoqua weyaus, ‘corrupted flesh, or
rotten’, ibid.
( pissugk, C.).

counsel, pl.
-aénuog, counselors, and kenasmwaénin

Cf. pissagg, dirt, mire

n. agent. kenmnucen,
(ken@somaénin, C.), pl. -aeninnwog [ken-
ona, he speaks to with authority, as
a superior to an inferior or an elder to
a younger]. See advice; advise.

count, ogketam, he counts, takes the
number of (inan. objects); ogkemau, he
counts (an. objects); ogketash (akétash,
R. W.), count thou or reckon; ogketaj
ne adtahshik, let him count the number
or the sum of; an. obj. ogkesu, he is
making acount, engaged in counting;
hence, akésuog, ‘they are telling of
rushes’ (i. e. gambling), R. W. 145
‘for their play isa kind of arithmetic’;
nashpe ogketamunat (infinit. as noun),
‘by count’. From ogqué, like to, in the
same manner as (?). See read.

couple, infinit. neesinat, to couple, to
lie two together; neesin, he lay with
(her), she lay with (him); neesintuh,
lie thou with me; suppos. part. neesik,
when he or she lies with (Abn.
niss8Sak, ils sont mariés; neki t8dé (ait
vir), n8ssi (ait mulier), je suis marié).
From neese, two. See copulate.

cousin, adionkgs (consanguineus, or affi-
nis ?); kadtonkgs, thy cousin, Luke 1,

36; wadtunkqusoh, her cousins (waténeks,

R. W., wodtonkgsin, C., a cousin; nat-

éncks, my cousin; wattonksittuog, they

are cousins, R. W.);
Acts 27, 25 (for Gr. @épes).

cove, auciip, ‘a little cove or creek’;
aucppdwese, ‘avery little one’ [=aueup-
aése, dimin.], R. W. From kuppi, closed,
shut in. Cf. kobpog, a haven.

covenant, agreement, wunnawdonk
[wunne-nowdonk, good talk]; wunnw-

>
XY.

nuttonkgsog, ‘sirs’,

wau, he covenants, makes a league or
agrees with (him).
cover, onkhum, he covers over, hides

thing; act. vbl. aninnmonk, corruption

(it) ; nut-onkhum nuskesuk, I hide (cover)

TRUMBULL]

cover—continued.
my face; ybl. n. onkwhonk, a covering,
a screen; n. concrete onkwheg, that

which covers (as the cover to a dish or |

box) ; hence onkqueekhwm [=onkwhégo),
ahat. Cf. ogqunneat, to wear clothes, to
becovered; ogka, he is clothed; ogkome,
ongkoue, beyond, on the other side of
(covered). puttagham, puttughum, he
covers up, he hides (it): puttoghumunat
poshkissionk, to cover one’s nakedness,
C.; n. concrete, puttagwheg, a covering
[puttogueu, he hides himself]. wuttunk-
humun [wut-onkhum-un] monak, she
covered it with a cloth. Cf. Waritacone,
pl. Watitacontiaog, R. W. (watadhk@gno,
C.), ‘coat men’, ‘such as wear coats’,
a name given to the English. nuhkuh-
kom, it covers over, overwhelms, puts
under (as a flood); an. nuhkuhkauau, it
overwhelms, covers over (him); from
nokeu, it descends, comes down, with
FP? progressive. natippau, nehtippau, it
is covered with water, Gen. 7, 19, 20.
covering, onkwheg (see cover). uppéh-
quos, obbohquos, a covering (awning,

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|
|
|

239

crawling, creeping—continued.
pamompagin ddas, ‘creeping thing’ (nup-
pummatashom, I ereep, C.); freq. and
habit. pdpdmompag, pl. -pakecheg, and
papamotcheg, creeping things.

create. See make.

creature. See animal.

| creeping. See crawling.

screen, or the like), something put over |

or aboye; ne dbuhquosik, its covering
(of a chariot, Cant. 3, 10) (abockqué-
sinash, pl., the mats used for covering
the wigwams, R. W.).

covet, alchewontam (he thinks very
much of, desires exceedingly), he covy-
ets (it); pl. suppos. ahchewontegig, the
covetous.

coward, sohquompwo, C.; sohquompooonk,
cowardice, ibid. (?); sohqutteahhaue,
faint-hearted, ibid. (?).

crafty, wunnompewessu, wunnompuwussu,
nehtémpuwissu, (he is) crafty, ‘subtile’
‘with guile’, kenosw-
wdaonk, erafty counsel, C.); wunnom-
peuhkau, he beguiles, deceives by craft
(him). Cf. nompatauunat, to substitute
one thing for another.

(wunnupwowae

crane, tannag (tatinek, R.W.), from tanne,
hoarse (?). sassadt; cf. Abn. sassaghi-8i,
il est droit.

erash, toshkeonk, a crashing (noise?),
Zeph. 1, 10.

crawling, creeping, pamompagit,
(when) it creeps; noh pamompag, that
which creeps; pl. pamompakecheg; an.

crooked, woonki (wauki, R. W.;
C.), crooked (lit. it bends);
kag, that which is crooked or bent;
adj. an. woonkesu (wonkkendsu, C.), he is
bent or crooked; wounkagk, (when it is
crooked) error, transgression. wdénkin-
num, he bends (it); woonkitteau, he
makes (it) bent or crooked [related
to waéenu, round about, bent or curved
around?]. pendyi, crooked, R.W. [pan-
neau, he goes out of the way, turns
aside, errs]. pemisqudi, ‘crooked or
winding’, R. W.; freq. pepemsque,
crooked, tortuous; cf. pemsquoh [ pems-
queu, it whirls or twists], a whirl-
wind.

cross over, qushkodteau seip, he crossed
over the river; seip ne woh mo qush-
kodtéomuk (pass. particip.), a river that
could not be crossed over or passed.

crossway, pummecche may, Obad. 14.

crow, n. konkontu (kaukont, pl. +-uog,
R. W.; kongkont, C.); kutchikkonkont
[kehche konkont], ‘raven’; elsewhere
konkontu and weenont. Onomatopoetic.

cruel, onkapunnde, dwakompande (tor-
menting, torturing), cruel, severe (of
pain or torture); onkqueneunkque, C.,
unkqueneunkque, El., grievous, terrible,
extreme [from dinkque or vihqueu, at the
extremity, extreme].

erust (of bread), koshkittake, C. From
késhki, rough (?), or kishke-ohtag, that
which is at the side of (?).

ery (weep), maii (mou, C.): nummacheke
moh, 1 weep much; nuimmauop, mum-

wonkoi,
ne woon-

mop, (nummoup, C.) I did weep; mauug,
mauuk, when he weeps or cries; sup-
pos. pl. neg mdugig they who weep;
adj. weeping (mduo,
‘to ery and bewail’, R. W.); freq.
he mourns. See

maue, MaAWUWe,

mauemait, cries
mourn.

ery aloud, ery out, mishontwwau, he
cries out, shouts (roars, C.); imperat.
sing. mishontowash (mishaiintowash, R.

or

240 BUREAU OF

cry aloud, cry out—continued.
W.), cry out; vbl. n. act. mishontawa-
onk, a crying out, outery, shouting.

cuckoo, kiyunk, Ley. 11, 16; but in
Deut. 14, 15, kukkow is transferred. It
is not certain to what species of bird
the name used by Eliot belonged.

cunner, chogset, or burgall (Labrus |
chogset, Mitch.; Crenilabrus burgall, |

Storer), cachauxet, Stiles (Peq.) [choh-
chohkesit, spotted ?}.

cure, heal, neetskéhheaii, he cures or
heals (him) (causat., makes him well) ;
neetskehteau, he cures or heals (it, as a
fever, awound); neetskesu, (he is) cured
or restored to health (nun-neetskeh, I
heal, C.); neetskehhuwaonk (a making
well), a cure.

current, kussitchwwan (it flows swiftly
onward); uk-kissitechwannmonk (vbl. n.

act., a flowing onward, a continuous |

See flow.
mattdnumait,

flowing).
curse,

mattanitam, he cursed (it) (wm-mattan-

nitteam, v.i.(?), I curse, C.; mattannisk- |

onat, y. t. an. (?), to curse, ibid. ); mata-
nittuonk (mattannuttuonk, C.), a curse
(pass. ); matunumdonk, a curse (act.) ; cf.
mattannit, devil. matchenaneteau, v. i.
he curses; matchenantam

matchenanetedonk, cursing; mamatche-

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

he curses (him); |
matinumak, curse ye(him); mattantam, |

(he thinks |
evil, is evil-minded), he curses (it); |

{BULLETIN 25

| curse—continued.

nau, he curses (him)
matchenait].

{intens. from

custom, wéhshudonk, ushuaonk, a custom
(ushuwaonk, usseonk, an example, C.;
uhshuwaonk, example, Danf.), = wssed-
onk, doing (?). See action.

cut, tummehtam, he cuts
(it) off: tummehtamwog uppuhkuk, tum-
mussumwog uppuhkuk, they cut off his
head, 1 Sam. 31, 9; 2 Sam. 20, 22 (nut-
tummissum, I cut, C.; tummethamunate
mehtug, ‘to hew down a tree’, Ind.
Laws); suppos. pass. part. ne woh tdme-
tahhamuk, that which must be cut off;
tummehtamun, (it is) cut off. tummeh-
tamau wuhtauog, he cut off from (him)
his ear; with suffix wuttwmmehtamau-
oh, he cut (it) off from him. tummig-
quohwou, he beheaded (him), =fwm-
mehtamau uppuhkuk (timeqiassin, to cut
off or behead, R. W.). nehnekikkom, he
tears, claws, rends, cuts in pieces (as by
the teeth or claws); with an. obj. neh-
nekukkau; intrans. nehnekikkissu, he
tears, rends, or cuts (particip. nenehkis-
sésu, cutting, C.); neekussésu, neegqsdsu,
he cuts himself. masum ummeesunk, he
cuts or shaves his hair [lit. he smoothes
it; from mosi, smooth] (moosominat,
to shear (sheep), C.; mooswittinneat, to
be shaved, ibid.; peeghumunat, to shave,
ibid.; nuppeegham, I shaye, ibid.).

tummussum,

1»

dance, pumukau, he dances; pummukénat
(pumukkénat, C.), to dance; pummuka-
onk, a dancing (pauochatiog, ‘they are
playing or dancing’, R. W.; ahque mat-
wikesh, do not dance, C.; mattwakkdonk,
dancing, ibid. This was probably the
war dance. Cf. matwau, an enemy;
matwationck, a battle, R. W.).

dangerous, ninukquok (when there is
need to beware), from nunnukqussu, he
takes heed, is cautious (nen nunnukqus,
I beware, C.), which is from nuh-
quaeu (?), he looks for, looks out, uses
his

eyes: nunnukque aquompiyeuash,

perilous times; nannukquappu, nuk-
quappu, he is in danger.

dark, pohkendi ( paukinnum, dark, R.W.;
pohkunni, C.), when it is dark; as n.

dark—continued.
darkness; pohkeni (?), it is dark; poh-
kenahtu, in darkness; pohkenittipukwk,
‘in the dark night’, night-darkness;
ady. pohkende, darkly, obscurely ; causat.
pohkenumwde [= pohkenumuhhde], mak-
ing dark, made dark, blind. Prob-
ably from pogkenau, he puts away, a
putting away light or the sun. Cf.
wayont, (going away) sunset. But how
related to pohki, pahke, clear, plain,

transparent? See day.
Roger Williams states that the In-
dians called the constellation Ursa

major (‘‘the great Beare, or Charles
Waine’’?) mosk or
“which . signifies a Beare’’, and
Stiles (Narr. Voc.) has konooh, a bear.

paukinnawwaw,

TRUMBULL]

dark—continued.
The name, as applied to the constella-
tion and the animal, was probably de-
rived from pohkenai, signifying ‘he
goes when it is dark’, or by night.

daughter, wut-taun-oh, his daughter, the
daughter of; pl. wut-taun-og, the daugh-
ters of, his daughters; indef. wut-taun-in,
the daughter of anyone, any daughter,
a daughter (wuttonin, C.); nut-taunes
(nittatinnis, R. W.; nutténnees, C.), my
daughter; collect. wuttaunéunk, all the
daughters, all who are daughters, the
daughterhood; wutt6éneu, wauttauniyen,
he begets or has a daughter, she bears
or has a daughter.

Mr Duponceau, in his Notes on Eliot’s
Grammar (pp. xiii, xiv), expressed his
surprise, ‘‘after the positive statement
of our author that substantives are not
distinguished by cases (except [ani-
mates when governed by a verb transi-
tive] asabove mentioned ), to find differ-
ent terminations of the same word in
various parts of his translation of the
Bible, of which he makes no mention
and gives no explanation in his Gram-
mar.’? He instances wuttaunoh Zion,
‘daughter of Zion’, Lam. 2, 8; woi
Jerusalemme wuttaunin, ‘O daughter of
Jerusalem!” woi penomp Zione wuttaunin,
‘O virgin daughter of Zion!’ Lam. 2,
13; wutdssuneutunk wuttanoh Zion, ‘the
wall of the daughter of Zion’, Lam.
2,8; woi kenaaw Jerusalemme wuttau-
neunk, ‘O ye daughters of Jerusalem!’
Cant. 2, 7; kah ompetak wuttanew (mis-

printed for wutténew), ‘and she bare |

a daughter’, Gen. 30, 21. ‘The first
of these terminations is correct’’, Mr
Duponceau informs us, nuttanoh, kut-
tanoh, wuttanoh being ‘‘the proper
nominatives of this word’’, but the
others ‘‘can not be accounted for’’
otherwise than by the conjecture that
Eliot ‘“‘had recourse to different Indian
dialects.’’ A very moderate proficiency
in the study of the language would
haye enabled Mr Duponceau to recon-
cile the seeming incongruity in a man-
ner more creditable to Eliot as a trans-
lator and to his own critical sagacity.
Thus, wuttaunoh, his or her daughter, or
the daughter of (corresponding in form

B. A. E., Buu. 25. 16

ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY

241

daughter—continued.
with the 3d pers. sing. of the transi-
tional or suffix verb), is really the pos-
sessive or genitive-construct form, the
termination -o/ indicacing its govern-
ment by or dependence on the noun
following. In Jerusalemme wuttaunin,
lit.“any Jerusalem daughter’, the first
word has the form of an adjective, and
the termination -in (any) indicates the
indefinite use of the word ‘daughter’;
wuttauneunk, in Jerusalemme wuttaun-
eunk, is the collective, and signifies the
Jerusalem daughterhood, all the daugh-
ters of Jerusalem; and in ompetak wutt6-
neu, ‘afterwards she bare a daughter’,
wutténeu, instead of being, as Mr Du-
ponceau supposed, ‘‘in the accusative
governed by an active verb’’, is itself
the verb, ompetak representing the ad-
verb ‘afterwards’. See younger son or
daughter.

daughter-in-law (son’s wife), wushim-
oh, his or her son’s wife, the daughter-
in-law of; kushim, thy daughter-in-law;
indef. wushim-in, a daughter-in-law.

dawn, mohtompan (mautabon, ‘it is day’
R. W.); mohtompog, when it is morning
(used with reference to a past or future
morning); en mohtompanit, until morn-
ing. See day.

day, kesuk (primarily the sun, the sun
as the source of heat and light; also the
sky or visible heavens, ccelum), day,
sunlight: pasuk keswk, in one and the
same day, Gen. 27, 45; 1 Sam. 2, 34; pl.
+ quash, Is. 24, 22, (anamakéesuck, this
day, R. W.). Rarely used; see sun.
kesukod (kéesakat, R. W.; kestikod, C.),a
day, the space of a day; suppos. kesukok,
when it is day; a day past, future, or
contingent: ne kesukok, on that day
when, or while it was that day; yeu
kesukok, (on or within) this day; ne-
gonne kesukod, the first day; keswkod kah
nuhkon, day and night; pl. kesukodtash,
days; ady. and adj. kesukoddeu, -dée,
by day, in the daytime (kesikkdttae,
C.; kéesqush, kéesuckqudi, by day, R.W.).
After a numeral adjective or the ad-
jectives ‘few’, ‘many’, or the like,
‘days’ was more commonly expressed
by -quinnu or -quinne, a day (or when
it was the day), or by the suppos. form

242

day—continued.
quinogok or quinukok: pasuk kesuk, asuh
neesuk kesukquade . . . asuh piogkuk-
quinne, ‘one day or two days... or
ten days’, Num. 11, 19; nequtte kesuk
asuh neesequinnu, ‘a day or two’, Ex.
21, 21; ogguhse-quinne, few days; ma-
chetikquinne, for many days. The sup-
pos. form is used after an ordinal, as
nishikquinogok, on the third day (shuck-

qunéckat, ‘three days’, R. W.; nishik- |

qunnohquod, three days hence or ago,
C.); yauquinogkok, on the fourth day
(yowunndckat, ‘four days’, R. W.). So,
mahchemachetik-quinogok, ‘after many
days’ (nestikquinédgkod, two days ago,
C.; mamusse quinne kesukod, all the day
long, ibid., which last phrase points to

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

the etymology, from guinne, long, the |

measure of duration ).

“They are punctual inmeasuring their |

day by the sun, and their night by the
moon and the stars’, R. W. 67. Be-
sides the more obyious mode of indi-
cating time of day or night, by saying
that the sun or moon was ‘so high’
(y6 tdunt nipéean, ‘the sun thus high, IT
R. W.), the of
light and darkness were subdivided,
under significant names, to a degree
that admitted of considerable accuracy
The principal of

will come’, seasons

in expressing time.

these subdivisions or hours were as fol- |

lows: adchuwémpag, (when it is) morn-
ing watch, just before daylight [ahchu
wompag, he looks earnestly for day-
light]; ketompog, (when it is) daybreak
[keht-wompag (?), the beginning of day-
light] (kitompanisha, break of day, R.
W.; potowwashd, C.); choudeatch, about
cock-erowing, R. W.; wompag (bright
light), fulldaylight (wompan, mautabon,
chichduquat, it is day; ampatduban, it is

broad day, R. W.; Cree waipun, Howse |

77); mohtompan, it is morning (mautda-
bon, R® W.); mohtompog, when it is (or
was, or will be) morning, in the morn-
ing; nompodeu, early in the morning;
nompuhkeik, ‘on the morrow’, i. e.
when it was (next) morning; pdsh-
pishont (up-poshpishaonk nepaz, C.; pa-
sha, ‘it is sunrise’, R. W.), sunrise
[when he springs forth, suppos. from
pishpeshau (freq. of peshaw), he springs

shi

[BULLETIN 25

day—continued.
forth, it blossoms; ef. uppeshau, a flow-
er]; pohshequdeu (halfway ), noon ( pdwe-
shaquaw, paushaqiaw, R.W.; yahen paw-
shaqihaw, almost noon, ibid.; pohshe-
quae, ©.); panicémpaw, nawwduwqaw,
qutitkquaquaw, R. W., quattuhgiohqud,
C., afternoon [ pdnikompau, he stands at
one side or sidelong; natimwot-uhquaeu,
he looks afar or from a distance; qut-
taueu, he is sinking, going downward];
wayont, waont [suppos. from wanonu,
he goes astray, goes out of the way,
is lost], sunsetting; wayau (wayadwi,
R. W.), it is sunset (@wayaonk nepaz,
C.); ash waaongkup, before sunset
(past time); paripakinasik, Proy. 7, 9,
papésukaeu, Ezek. 12, 7, in the twi-
light; wunnonkqude, at evening; wénon-
koouk, (when it was)
evening (wunnduquit, R. W.); téippaco,
otematippocat, toward night, R. W.;
nukon, nuhkon (nukkon, C.), pl. + ash,

wannonkook,

night [from nukkonau, he leaves or for-
sakes?]; past or future suppos. nohkog,
whenit wasnight; nukkondeu (ndukocks,
nokannawi, R. W.), by night; pohkenit-
tipukok, in the darkness of night (pdp-
pakunnetch, auchaugotch, dark night,
R. W.; pohkintippohkod, C.) [from pog-
keni, it is dark, and tippaco (tippaco,
R. W.), of doubtful meaning; ef. Abn.
laiini édStsitebi kat? quel temps de la nuit?
etc., Rasles 494]; néetipukoddeu, at mid-
night; pajeh néetipukkok, till midnight
(nouttippohkod, ‘late at night’, C.; nana-
showatippocat, midnight, R. W. [from
noeu, in the middle; nashaue, between
or midway, and tippaco?]); wampan-
ne, wompanne, all night.

day by day, daily, dsekesukokish.

day’s journey, nequtte kesukquashénat
(infin. ), to go one day’s journey; 7’ quit-
takeesiquoéckat, w quittakees-pummishen,
‘one day’s walk’, R. W.

dead, nuppuk, pl. nupukeg [suppos. part.
from nuppa@, he dies]. Though Eliot
employs this word exclusively, it was
more customary with the Indians to
substitute some euphemisticequivalent,
“because they abhorre to mention the
dead by name’’, (R. W. 161), as che-
peck [from chippeu, he separates himself
or is separated; suppos. part., ‘the

TRUMBULL]

dead—continued.
separated’ ]; mauchaiihom, pl. + wock,
the dead man, the dead (he has
passed away); michemeshdwi, ‘he is
gonetorever’; kitonckquéi, ‘he is dead’,
R. W. 160; mdw, ‘he is gone’, ibid.
[for amaeu, he is gone 2]. See die.

deaf, kokopsau, (he is) deaf; suppos. part.
kokobsont, pl. -oncheg, the deaf, he or
they when deaf (kogkopsde mehtouog,
a deaf ear, C.). The radical is kuppi,
closed, shut up.

deal with. See conduct one’s self.

death, nuppwonk (El. and C.), participial
from nuppa, he dies. Sometimes the
infins nuppundte was used for the noun
abstract.

debt, wnnontuhquohiwut, -whont, a debt, re-
ferring to the debtor (when he owes);
vbl. n. pass. wnnontuhquohwhuttuonk, a
being owed. Elsewhere, ne anontuk-
quohwhont (what he owes); éadtuhkau
nanamontuhquohukquean, ‘pay thy debt’
(what thou owest), 2 K. 4, 7 (nauttin-
ohtukquawhut, I am in debt, C.; nohtuh-
quahiwhittuonk, debt (pass.), ibid.; no-
saumautackquawhe, I am much in debt,

R. W. 134: nonamautuckquahéginash,
debts; kunnoonamattuckquaush, TL will
owe it you, ibid.). See owe.

decay, mahtsheau, he or it fails, passes
away, decays. From mahche. See fade.

deceive, he deceives,
cheats (him); y. i. assmkekodteam, he
deceives or cheats (nuttassmkekodte am, 1

assmkekomau,

cheat, C.); suppos. part. noh askekod-
teamwit, he who deceives, ‘the deceiver’ 5
noh asokekomit, he who is deceived, the
deceived. he de-
ceives by craft, beguiles (him); wunnom-
puwussit, he is crafty, deceives by craft.
See lie.

decrepit, mohtantam, (he is) decayed,
infirm by reason of age, failing; sup-

wunnompeuhkonan,

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

pos. part. noh mahtauntog, he who is |

decrepit: kehchis asuh noh mattauntog,
‘old man or him that stooped for age’,
2 Chr. 36,17. See fade; pass away.
deep, manaeu, mandi, (it is) deep: manoe
nippeash, deep waters; wuttahhamunk
manor, the well is deep; mandi onk .
it is deeper than ——; mamonoagish,
“‘[very] deep places’, Ps. 135, 6. In
compound words, wnéi, without the in-

|

243

deep—continued.

definite particle, which seryes to dis-
tinguish it, when standing alone, from
mnoi, blue (the color of deep water?);
as, mnduohkdi, a valley (@nouwohkéai,
C.). Adj. an. mnouwussu, (he is) lean,
low in flesh; andi-weyaus, ete. Roger
Williams has wame natimakiatog, they
go to hell or to the deep (page 117).

deer, «ahtuk, ahtuhg (attuck, R.W.: attiik,

C.), a deer; pl. ahtuhquog, adtunkquog
(altuckquog, R.W.). This word is used
by Eliot for ‘roe’, ‘roebuck’, and some-
times ‘hart’; but in Deut. 12, 15, nuk-
konahtuk (old deer) for ‘hart’, and else-
where aiyump, ‘hart’ and “young hart’
(néonateh, pl. +aug, R. W.: paucottari-
wat, paucottduwaw, a buck, a great
buck, ibid.; wawwtinnes, a young buck,
ibid.; Peg. noughitch, nogh-ich, deer,
Stiles; waughtiggachy, ‘deer, i. e. wet-
nose’, ibid.; cunggachie maukijase, a
great deer; mausshakeet maukkyhazse,
the biggest deer, ibid.). qunnegk, a
hind or female deer; pl. qunnegquiog
(mundn, quaneke, a doe, R. W.;) gqunne-
qudwese, a little young doe, ibid.).
aiyump, ayimp, ciyomp, a ‘hart’, ‘young
hart’, ‘roe’; eiyompdemesog, ‘young
harts’, ‘young roes’ (kuttiomp [keht-

ciyomp], a great buck, R. W.). mos,
pl. maséog, ‘fallow deer’, 1, K. 4) 25
(modsséog (pl.), ‘the great ox, or

rather, a red deer’, R. W.; modse, ‘the
skin of a great beast as big as an ox,
some callitared deer’, ibid.; modsquin,
a fawn, ibid.; moos, ‘a beast bigger than
a stag’, Capt. John Smith,1616). Was
it so called from its skin, which was
dressed smooth, masi?

deformed, noh woskesit, he who hath (he
having) a blemish or deformity.

delicate, tender,
delicate, effeminate; suppos. part. noh

waashpu, wowushpu,

waashpit.

deliver, pohquohwhussau, he delivers
(him), frees, or relea: from con-
straint (nup-pohquohuhussiwam, nuUp-

pohquohwhuttom, 1 deliver, C.): from
pohquohham, he escapes, goes free (i. e.
pohquodchit, out of doors, where it is
open); caus. an. he
causes (another) to go free; pohquoh-
heau-ussu, he acts or does that which

pohquohheau,

244 BUREAU

deliver—continued.
causes (another) to go free. So, poh-
quawhus kuhhog and pohquohush, ‘escape
thou’, ‘save thyself’.
livers, rescues, saves (him), makes him
safe; caus. from fomeu, he saves himself,
escapes; inan. tomwehteaw keitotanash,
‘he recovered the cities’, 2 K. 13, 25.
See loose.

deliverance, pohquohwhunnittuonk, tom-
Rettuonk (pass. vbls.), the being saved,
being delivered.

den. See caye; hole; pit.

dense. See close; thick.

deny, quénmwantam, he denies (it) ;. with
affix uk-quenmwantam-un, he denied it
(nuk-quendwam, Ldeny, C.); quenawau,
kohkénmau, he denies, makes denial (to
another) ; suppos. 3d pers. pl. kohkéna-
wahettit, when they denied, gave denial;
suppos. part. pl. ney kohkonawacheg,
they who deny, they (when) denying.

depart, amaeu, he departs, goes away;
amaish (amaish and amaehtash, C.),
depart thou, go away; amaehtauau, he

tomheau, he de-

departs from (him); with affix wut- |

amaehtau-oh, he departed from him;
suppos. amahtauont, when he departs
(or when departing) from; amayeuonk,
departure, going away. sohham [soh-
mm], he departs, goes forth, sets out
(on a journey or the like); sohhash
(sdwwhush, R. W., sohhash, C.), go thou
forth (sawh?ke, go ye forth, R. W.);
sohhama@onk, departure, going forth.

descend. See go.

descent, wamsuonk Lact. vbl. from wam-
su, he descends, goes downward J, a de-
scending or going down, hence a ravine,
a steep descent (waumsu, ‘down hill’,
R.W.). Elsewhereneahhutwémussimuk
(suppos. part. inan., when it descends),
a descent, declivity, downward slope

(of a mountain, ete.). wutontseonk, de-

scent,Jineage (a proceeding from: awuf-

ontseu, he proceeds, or descends from).

desert. See forest.

deserted, foueu, touweu, deserted, soli- |

tary, desolate; hence, tovappu [toueu-
appu], he is deserted or desolate; touoh-
komuk, a solitary or desert place, the
wilderness; touwiés, towiés [toweu-ussu],
a fatherless child, an orphan; pl. fowié-
sog (towitwock, R. W.). See solitary.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

deserve, nultdppehkom, I deserve; tdpeh-
komunate, to deserve, C.
| desire, kodtantam, he desires, longs for,
| hasan inclination to (it); nuk-kodtantam
(neattatintum or neattiteam, R. W.), I
long for, I desire (it); an. obj. kodta-
num-au, I long for (him); suffix kuk-
kodtantam-oush, I desire (it) from thee
[kod-antam; kod often used with
other verbs to express purpose, inten-
tion, determination, or desire; some-
times it denotes activity in the im-
mediate future, ‘about to’ do or to be
| done; as, wttoh kod usseit, what he may
be about to do or is about doing, Gen.
41, 28. See intend. Cf. kodtuppa,
he is hungry (desires to eat)]. ahche-
wontam [ahchu-antam, he thinks very
much of, is exceedingly minded], he
desires exceedingly, covets.

is

desist, ahque, he desists, leaves off, Gen.
iez2 we hRuthe2s20:

| desolate. See deserted; solitary.

| despise, jishantam, jishontam, he de-
spises, he hates (it); nut-jishantam (El.
and ©.), I despise, I hate; an. jisha-
numau, he despises or hates (him).
sekeneneam (he refuses, rejects), he de-
spises, hates (it). mishantam, he de-
spises, contemns (it); an. mishanumau,
he despises or contemns (him).

| destitute of, wanne, not having, being
without: wanne wahtede, without knowl-
edge; wanne wutmshe, without a father;
wanne nippeno, there is no water in it,
it is destitute of water; caus. wanneh-
heau, wannehteau, he is deprived of
| (made to be without), he loses. See
without.

| destroy, pagiianau, pagwanau, he de-
stroys (them); inan. paguateau, pag-
wohteau, he destroys (it) or (v. i.) he
destroys; paguatoog, they destroy; sup-
pos. paguatunk-otanash, when he de-
stroyed the cities; an, suffix up-paguan-
uh, he destroyed them; paguanuonk
(vbl. n. act., a destroying), destruction;

| pagwahteaen, a destroyer.

| determine, pakodtantam, he purposes,

| intends, is determined [pakodche-antam,

he is thoroughly minded or clear
minded]; vbl. n. act. pakodtantamaonk,
determination, purpose.

TRUMBULL]

devil,

[mat-anitto or matche-anitto, the negative

or opposite of m’anitto, god, the not-

god or evil god] (Muh. mtandow or man-

nito, devil. ‘‘The last of these words

properly signifies a specter or anything

frightful’’, Edwards, 2 Mass. H. C. x,
88. Del. machtando or matshimanitto,
devil, evil spirit, Hkw.). Itis probable
that this word was formed by Eliot or by
his Indian converts. The deyil or evil
spirit of Indian mythology was called
Habamouk, Hobbamoco, Abbamocho, or
Chépie (Smith’s Deser. of N. E.; Jos-
selyn; Lechford). ‘‘Abbamocho or Chee-
pie many times smites them with in-
curable diseases, scares them with his
apparitions and panic terrors, by reason
of which they live in a wretched con-
sternation, worshipping the Deyil for
fear’’, Josselyn, 3 Mass. H. C. 111, 300.
“Another power they worship, whom
they call Hobbamock, and to the north-
ward of us, Hobbamoqui. This, as far
as we can conceive, is the Devil’’, Wins-
low’s Relation (1624). The etymology
of this name is not apparent; but che-
pie (Peq. cheeby, chepy, Stiles), is a form
of cheppe or chippe, separated, apart,

mattanit, pl. mattannitoog, -oog

that which is distinct or separated from |

us, that is, from the body ‘or life.
Heckewelder explains the Delaware

“tschipey or tschitschank’’? (sometimes |

wrongly used for ‘‘the soul or spirit of
man’’) as signifying a specter, spirit,
or ghost, and having ‘‘something ter-
rifying about it.’’ ‘‘ They call the place

or world they are to go to after death |

Tschi-pey-ach-gink or Tschipeyhacking,
the world of spirits, specters, or ghosts,
where they imagine are various frightful
figures’’, Hkw., 2 Mass. H.C. x, 147.
Eliot has chepi-ohke and chepioh-kémuk
for hades, hell (the place of separation
or the land of spirits).
‘the dead’, R. W. [chippeog, they are
separated or apart]; fsee-e-p, ‘ghost,
dead man’, Nanticoke Voc. in 2 Mass.
H.C. x, 139. Squantum, another name
for the evil spirit (Josselyn; Higginson ),
is clearly a contraction of musquantam,
‘he is angry’. Roger Williams says
(109), ‘‘if it be but an ordinary acci-
dent, a fall, etc., they will say, ‘God

So, chepeck,

ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY

245

devil—continued.
was angry and did it; musquantam mantt,
God is angry.’’’ See spirit; God.

devise. See consider.
devote. See offer.
devour. See eat.

dew, neechippog (néechipog, R. W.); nee-
chipagwé dew-drops
[neechau, it gives birth to or (pass.)
is born of, -pog, water].

dice, wunnaugonhommin, ‘to play at dice
in their tray”? (wunnonk, a dish, EL.;
wunndug, a tray, R. W.); asavianash,
“the painted plum stones, which they
throw’’, ‘‘a kind of dice, which they
cast in a tray with a mighty noise and
sweating’’, R. W., 145, 146.

die, nuppm, nup, he dies or is dead;
suppos. part. niipuk, when he dies,
he dying; pl. nupukeg, the dead; pish
kenup, thou shalt die (kitonekquéi, he is
dead, R. W.; nipwi, maw [=amaeu ?],
he is gone, ibid.; nippitch ewo, let him
die, ibid.; niphéttitch, let them die, ibid. ;
pish nunnip, I shall die, C.) [related to
neepau, he rises up, and nuppoh, a wing?
or to ahpoteau, uppoteau, lit. ‘with-

| ers?’]. See dead.

difference, penmwomdi, a difference or

| unlikeness. See contend.

| different, penmwe, strange, foreign, dif-

ferent, or unlike [related to panne, out

of the way; panneu, he goes out of the

pattippeshineash,

way, errs, is astra$]; penaweyeum, it
is strange, different, or unlike. See
foreign; strange; stranger. ;
difficult, siogke (siokke, C.; sivickat, hard,
R. W.); suppos. siogkod, siogkok, when
or if it is hard or difficult; ne siogkok,
that which is difficult, a difficult mat-
ter. From sée, séog, sour, bitter. See
hard.
difficulty, siogkeyewonk (vbl. n. act.), a
hard matter, hard case, difficulty; in-
| tens. sasiogok, pl. +- ish, difficult matters.
| dig, kuttahham, he digs into or through,
or, he digs for or digs up (anything):
‘they dig
LG verte

|

wetuémash,

| kuttahhamwog
through 24,

houses’, Job
uk-kuthamuneau, they digged it (as, a
well; ef. wuttahhamunk, a well).
nowonteam, I

won-
teau, he digs -a hole;
have digged a hole (nw-wonuhkontam, I
make progress by digging, or go on dig-

246 BUREAU OF AMREICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
dig—continued. | divide—continued.
ging; cf. 2 K. 19, 24; Is. 37, 25): wén- a division or partition of (it); an. obj.

teauh kah uk-kutham-un, ‘he made a
pit and digged it’, Ps. 7, 15; wénteaog,
they dig holes; wénuhkontamme wuttah-
hamongash, wells (which are) digged

{from wénogq, a hole}. passdhtham,

pdssdhtham, he digs a pit [from pas-

sahhteg, passohtheg, a pit]. qunnupohta-
mun, he digs around or about it (asa
tree).

dip, quogkinnum, puogkinnum (2), he dips |
(it) in or into; pwogkeii, puogketi, he |

dips or immerses himself (puogkinn6-
nate howan, to dip or immerse anyone,
Wun. Samp. ch. xxrx, 33). quompham
nippe, he dips up water; y. i. quomphip-
paog, ‘they drew water’ (qudmphash,
quamp homiinea, ‘take up for me out of
the pot’, R. W.).

dirty, nishkeneunkque, unclean, filthy,
impure (inherently or by nature); sup-
pos. nishkeneunkquodtae, (when it is)
dirty or unclean (as,a garment); adj.
an. nishkeneunkqussu, (he is) unclean,
dirty.

dish, wunnonk, a dish or tray (wunndug,
pl. +dmash, a tray, R. W.; wunnonk,
momaeech, dish or tray, C.); wunnon-

ganit, in the dish (awiunnauganémese, a

little tray, R. W.).

From wonogq, a |

hole (?), wonogkeu, it has a hollow, is |

dug out. Cf. wunndgkus, the belly. See
bottle; kettle; vessel.
disperse. See scatter.
dissolve, melt, mohtupohteau, it melts,
is dissolved (passes away); nuimmoh-
consume, I am_ sick, C.
From moht (=maut, mahche), -ohteau,

tupaeem, I

s

existence. See consume.
distant.
distress. See pain; want.

disturb. See hinder; trouble.

divide, pohshinum (paushinum, R. W.),

he divides (it) in two, halves it; pish

See far.

ignifying completed and passing-away

pohshinumwog, they shall halve (it); |
y.t.an. pohshinau, he halves or divides |
(an animal or animate object); v.i. poh- |

sheau, poksheau, it divides itself, cleaves
asunder.
cf. pohquanum, he breaks (it) asunder;
pokshau, it breaks. chippinum, he di-
vides or separates (it) from, he makes

From pohshe, pdhshe, halt; |

chippinaii, he divides or makes divi-
sion of; chippinnuma@k ompeteaonk, di-
vide ye the tribute; chippinnak neg toh-
qunogeg, Aivide ye the prey (animals
taken, or prisoners); y. i. chippeu, it
separates itself, is separate or divided
(chippachdusin, it divides, as a path,
a stream, R. W.); chippanmonk (ybl.
n. act., a dividing or division), a tribe;
pl. chippissu-og, they who are divided or
separate, a people or tribe. chadchau-
benum, he divides, keeps apart, causes to
beseparate (nut-chadchaptinum, I divide,
C.); with inan. subj. chadchaubema,
chadchapemo, it divides; chadchapema-
udj, ‘let it divide’, or cause to be sep-
arate (one thing from another, Gen.
1, 6); vbl. n. act. chachabenuméonk, a
division or separation, a bound mark
[freq. from chippinum].

diviner. See priest.

divorce, pogkenau, he casts (her) away,
divorces her (npakétam, I put her away,
R. W.). See cast away.

do, agere, wsséndt, to do, act, perform,
accomplish, execute; wssu, usseu, he
does (it); v. i. wut-ussen, he does (so)
(nuttissem machuk, I commit evil, C. );
suppos. noh asit, aseit, he who does or
performs, a doer;
do ye; ne asemuk, that which is done,
a thing (when) performed; negat. im-
perat. ussekon, do not do (it), Ex. 20,
10.

The compounds of this verb are in-

numerable, for it is not only combined
with such words as express the quality

ussish, do thou; ussek,

of action, as wunnesu [wunne-ussu], he
does well; matchesu [matche-ussu], he
does ill, ete., but it serves to express
potential activity, as wellas action per-
formed; that is, the idea of activity in-
separable from that of an animate being.
Thus, with an animate subject it was
sometimes used as a verb of existence,
and in composition it denotes an ani-
mate subject (as ohteau does an inani-
mate subject) of the compound verb.
dog, (anzum, C.), pl. +wog.
Eliot, in noticing the changes which
some of the consonants undergo in
passing from one dialect to another,

antun

TRUMBULL]

dog—continued.
instances this word, as Roger Williams
had before done, as pronounced by the
Indians of Massachusetts, anim, with
“um produced’’; by the Nipmucks,

alum; by the Northern (and the Quin- |

nipiac) Indians, arvim, and, as Roger
Williams states, by the Narragansetts,
ayim (El. Gr. 2; R. W., Key, 96).
Stiles gives ayimp, aujimp (Narr.), and
nw’ ahteah(Peq.). ‘‘The Delawares say al-
lum, the Algonkins alim, the Etchemins
or Abenakis allomoos [allum-éaas]”’,
Barton’s Compar. Voc. From a root
signifying to take hold of or to hold
fast, to hold on to. The animate form
occurs not rarely in Eliot’s translation;
-as, noh anum-woh anunont wehtauog-ut,
‘one that taketh [suppos. ]a dog by the
ears’, Prov. 26,17; nut-annun w-weeshit-
ton-it, I caught him by his beard, 1
. Sam. 17, 35.
doing, action, wsseonk [vbl. n. act. from
usseu } .
do not! ahque (aquie, leave off, do not!
R. W.), desist or refrain from, followed
by a verb in the imperative; ahque
wabesish, fear not, do not fear; more
emphatically and authoritatively in the
imperative of the negative form, wabe-
sehkon (aquie assékish, be not foolish,
R. W.; ahque amaish, don’t depart, C.) ;
ahqueh, ‘have patience with me’ (Matt.
18, 26), where it is used as a verb in
the an. suffix form. Eliot calls it an
‘adverb of forbidding’, ‘beware, do
not’ (Gr. 21). He uses it as a verb in
the indicative in Gen. 17, 22; Ruth 2,
20, for ‘he desists, leaves off’. When
compounded with the verb to form the
imperative negative it has the form
-thkon, -uhkon, or ~kon, as kummot-
uhkon, thou shalt not steal (steal not);
ahchewanumihkon, thou shalt not covet;
nusheteohkon, thou shalt not kill, ete.
The vowel sound variously written dh,
-uh, -oh, -eh was probably nearly like
the German 6.
door, squoéntam, squont, squoant (usquont,
C.), pl. -amash, door or gateway; appu
wusquontam-ut ut wek-it, he sat in the
door of his tent (squauntdumuck, at the
door, R. W.); ef. aséquam, he sews (it)

up; usquontésu, he is sewing. kuppuh-

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 947

door—continued.
hou, a door [inan. caus. from kuppi,
close: that which makes close].

do to, act or behave toward, wine-
heau, he does to (him), conducts him-
self toward (another); ne unnehe, so
deal thou with me, do this to me;
unnéhik nanuk nag, so do ye to them;
toh kittinhesh? what have I done (what
do I) unto thee? ; wunneneheau, he does
good to (him) or treats (him) well;
wunneneheontuh wame, let us do good
to all men, Gal. 6, 10.

double, papiske, papasku, papskeu, papske,
piskeu: papske ahtéonk, a double portion;
kup-papasku. onkquatonsh, 1 will render
to thee double, Zech. 9, 12; pish neesit
piskeu dadtehteau, he shall pay double,
Ex. 22, 4,7. Related to piuhsuke, pd-
piuhsuke, over against or (reciprocally )

| opposite; or from pasuk-o, it is one,

by reduplication pa-pasuk-o.

_doubt, be doubtful, he

doubts; chanantamwog, they doubted

(nut-chandntam, I doubt, C.; ahque cha-

chanantam,

nantah (do not doubt me), ‘you may
take it for granted’, ibid.).
doubtless, kihche,
(matta kuhehe, Dant. ).
dove, wuskuhwhan (?). See pigeon.
down. See cast down; downward; go; let
down.
downward, ohkeiyeu (ohkeieu, below, C.),
toward the earth, downward (aukee-
aseiu, downward, R. W.) [from ohke,
earth]. womiyeu, downward; womiyeu
woomiyeu, ‘ very low’, Deut. 28, 43. no-
keu, he descends, goes or comes down

matta ‘no doubt’

[w ohke-yeu]. waomussu, woomsu, he goes
downward; nawomussin wadchuut, I
came down from the mountain; sup-
pos. noh womsit, he who goeth down-
ward; ybl. n. act. wamsuonk, a going
down, a declivity or descent.

draw out, kodtinnum, he draws or pulls
(it) out; an. kodtinnaii, kodnaii, he draws
(him) out; kodnak wutch notautut, draw
(him) out of the fire; suffix nuk-kodtin-
uk wutch nippekontu, he drew me out of
the water; kodtinnum wuttogkodteg, he
drew his sword. kuhpinau (=kodtinau?)
hashabpoh, he drew the net.

draw water, wuttuhuppau, wutuhpau, he
draws water; wuttuhuppaog, they drew

248 BUREAU OF

draw water—continued.
water (=quomphippaog, 1 Chr. 11, 18);
nothupau, notuhupau, | drew water for
(him). See dip.

dream, wnnukquom, he dreams; vy. t.
nuttinnugquomun unnugquomaonk, I
dreamed a dream.

dress, hogkwonk (aukmonk, C.),agarment
or covering of skin (acoh, ‘their deer
skin’, R. W.); monak, cloth (ménak,
C.; maiinek, ‘an English coat or man-
tle,’ R.W.), a garment, cloak, coat, ete.
(wdwamek, adress, C.); petashqushdonk,
petaoshqushaonk, a cloak, outer garment.
See clothe; clothing.

drink (n.), onkuppe, onkup,
wuttattaméonk, strong drink.

drink (y.), wuitdttam, he drinks; wuttat-
tash, drink thou (ahque warmatous (=
wameattash), do not drink all, R. W.;
pautous notatam, give me drink, ibid.;
notdttam, I drink, C.); vbl.n. act. wuttat-
tamaonk, drink; wtattammonk, his drink.

menuhke

There was another word, meaning to

drink, which is not to be found in Eliot
except in compounds. Its radical was
sip- or: sup- (perhaps related to sabde,
saupde, soft, thin, macerated; cf. AS.
sipan, Engl. sup, sip, soup, ete. ), thus,
tdpsuppamehhittit (Mass. Ps.), tapsip-
pamhettit (El.), ‘when they have well
drunk’, John 2, 10 [tdpi-sippam-hettit,
when they have drunk enough]; kogkeis-
sippwaen, a drunkard [kogkeae-sippam,
he drinks madly or to madness]; oliksip-
pamwean [=ahque-sippamwean], ‘if you
leave off drinking’, €
[=wussaume

> WUssaUMsippam-
inneat to
drink too much], to be drunk, ibid.;
wussomsippamoe, drunken, ibid.; ahque
kogkesupamwish, don’t be drunk, ibid.
drive away, amamhkauau, he
(him) away or out [amaeu, k’ progress-

sippaminneat,

drove

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

ive, and au, he goes]; suffix wut-amaah- |

kaéuh, they drove them away; inan.
nanumitamamhkom sokanon, ‘the north
wind away the rain’, Prov.

mo

driven by the wind, nish twhanash,
tounash, things which are driven or fly
before the wind; suppos. ne twannontog
waban, that which is driven by the
wind, flies before the wind; elsewhere,
taunnontog, tohtaanontog, ptoanuntog;

drives

25

[BULLETIN 25

driven by the wind—continued.
from it flies; it
moves in the manner of flight; cf. Cree
thdotin, it blows, Howse 130.
nomshaeu, the boat is driven or drives
before the wind or current; nuwnnomshé-
mun, ‘we let the boat drive’, Acts 27,
15; nomshdog, they ‘were driven’ v. 17.

drop, padtippdshin, padtapdshin (y. im-
pers., there is a dropping, it drops), a
dropping, a drop; pl. padtippdshineash,
drops; n. freq. and collect. pdpddtinunk
(repeated or continued dropping),
showers of rain: papeetedu pattippashine
nippeash, ‘he maketh small the drops
of water’, Job 36, 27.

drought, kihnkan, kunkan (when there
is dryness), dryness, drought: en vve-
pumne kunkanit, ‘into the drought of
summer’, Ps. 32, 4; also, kunkehteadtau
(it is dry). mnunohteau (it is dry), a
drought [from nunae, dry, and ohtea).

drunkard, kogkeissippamwaén; indet.
-waénin (koghesippamwaénin, C.); kake-
suppadt [suppos. part. from kogkeissip-
pam], when he is drunk, a drunken
man (ahque kogkesupamwish, don’t be
drunk, C.); vbl. n. act. kogkeissippam-
monk, drunkenness [from kogke, madly,
frantically, and -sippam, he drinks];
wussaumsippaminneat, kogkehodponat, to

ptmeu, ptoevunne,

mishoon

be drunk, C.; wussomsippam@®onk,
drunkenness, ibid. [from wussaume-sip-
pam, he drinks too much].

dry, nunabpeu, nunobpe, nanabpi [for nun-
appu), it is dry (nndppi, dry; nnappa-
quat, dry weather, R. W.; nunndpi, dry,
C.), i. e. permanently dry, as the ‘dry
land’ (Gen. 1, 9, 10), as distinguished
from the water or marshy land, -appu
in composition signifying to be and
remain. Otherwise, nunnobiyeu: ayim
ketoh nunnobiyetiut, ‘he made the sea
dry land’, Ex. 14, 21.
that which has become dry [nan-ohteau,
it becomes dry, dries up]: nunohtde
mehtug, a dry tree. nunnobohke [nun-
appu-ohke], the earth, dry land.
nobohtede, nabohteai [nunappu-ohteav ],
dry ground, earth which becomes dry
(comparatively); nunnobohtedduut, na-
bohteadtiut, on Ary ground; watch nun-
nobohteadwit, ‘from the dust of the
earth’, Gen. 2, 7. The radical, nin-,

nunoltde, dry,

nun-

TRUMBULL]

dry—continued.
is not found except in composition.
kunkohteddtede, dry, implied a lack or
deficiency of moisture: kunkohteddtede
ohke, dry land, i. e. parched by drought.
From kunkan, kéhnkan, there is dry-
ness or drought. The same word, com-
pounded with ’tan, mouth, kohkuttoon,
kuhkuttoon, signifies thirsty, lit. ‘he is
dry-mouthed’. mussm, (itis) dry, said
only of a tree or plant, grain, fruit, ete.,
and then only in compound words:
mussounk, a dry tree; pl. mussohquamin-
neash (mussunkg-, missunkg-), dry ears
of corn [perhaps, as originally applied
to a tree, from mmsi, bare, stripped of
its leaves]. See drought.

duck, quequécum, pl. -+-mduog, R. W.;
Narr. quéqueekum, Stiles; sésép, qun-

C.; Peq. guagueekum, quau-
quaumps, black duck; pawquimps, ‘flat
bills’; a’kotoshah, ‘dipper’ (Fuligula
albeola, Bonap., spirit-duck); a pi-
shaug, ‘widgeons’; m’shizzeege, ‘shel-
drake’; wkobyjeeze, ‘brants’; wngowd-
ums, ‘old wives’ (Anas glacialis, Fuli-
gula glacialis, Bonap.), Stiles; menuks,
pl. +09, brant, C.

The names quequécum (‘he quack-
quacks’) and ungowdum (whose call
Nuttall endeavors to express by ‘‘the
guttural syllables ’ogh ough egh’’) are
clearly onomatopoetic. The others I
have not analyzed.

dugs, soykodtungash (pl.), teats, dugs;
in the singular, sogkodtunk, milk. From
soh-kodtinnum, he draws forth from; soh-
kodtunk (suppos. part. inan. concrete),
that which is drawn forth from.

dumb, kupputtaon, (he is) dumb, a dumb
person [kuppi-’toon, closed mouth]. mo-
kakuttw (mo, negat., and kakuttm, he
talks], a mute, one who can not speak;
suppos. part. mokakuttog, mat kakuttog,
(when he is) dumb.

dung, andhke, annoke (annohke, C.): wut-
anohke-im, his ordure [en ohke ?].
moee, moyeu, moi, dung [mwmeu, it is
black].

dust, puppissi (puppissi, C.) [=papeissi,
it is very small (?); but ef. pusseog, pis-

tusseps,

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

249

dust—continued.
sagk (pissugk, C.), dirt; pisseagquane,
miry; pissogqsheau, it sticketh, cleay-
eth to, is sticky; pussoqua, rotten, de-
cayed].

dwarf, noh chenesit, Ley. 21, 20.

dwell, ayeu, he is here or there, he is
in this or that place, denoting location,
temporary or permanent, though in
the latter sense appu (he remains) was
more commonly used: noh ayeu kah
appu, ‘she dwelleth and abideth’, Job
39, 28. Cotton gives aiinneat (infinit. )
as the translation of ‘to be’, and Eliot
often employs this verb as a substitute
for the verb of existence; but it can not
properly be used to express existence
independent of place. The radical is
yeu, this (an. yeuoh, this person), or,
as an adverb, here, itself originally an
imperfect verb, which may be termed
a verb demonstrative.
(I am in this or that place), I dwell (in
or at); pish kuttai, thou shalt dwell;
nuttai-up otanat Joppa, ‘I was in the
city of Joppa’, Acts 11, 5; ne aiyit, ne
ayit, where he might dwell or be; noh
ayit, he who dwelleth, Is. 8,8; 57, 15; na
ayish, there dwell thou; ayitcheg (pl.),
the dwellers there, the inhabitants (vo
ntiin, I live here; tou wuttiin? where keep
you? tuckuttiin [toh kuttai-in]? where
lives he? R. W.; Moh. oieet, he ‘who
lives or dwells in a place’, Edw.).
wutohkeu, wadohkeu, he dwells in or in-
habits (a place or country); yeu notoh-
kin, here I dwell, i. e. am of the land
or country; wutohkish en ohkit, dwell
thou in the land; suppos. part. noh wad-
ohkit, he who dwells or is an inhabit-
ant; pl. ney wadohkitcheg, the dwellers
or inhabitants; wttiyeuw kutohk? what is
thy country? Jonah 1, 8 [wut-ohke-u,
he is of the land or place].
he dwells with (him); suffix
tomouh, they dwelt with them; nwwee-
tom, I dwell with [from wetu, house:
weetomau, he is of the house of].

dwelling place, ayeuonk [vbl. n. act.
from ayeu], a dwelling in this place.
See house.

nuttai, nuttaih,

weetomau,

Mivee-

bo
o
(=o)

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

E

each, an. and inan. nishnoh, each, every.

eagle, wompsikuk, womsikuk, wompussi-
kok (wémpissacuk, pl. +-quduog, R. W.;
wompsukook, C.) [wompi-psuk, white
great bird]. The name is more appro-
priately given to the fishhawk or
osprey (Pandion halixetus) than to the
bald eagle (Halizetus leucocephalus),
but was possibly applied to both birds
by the Indians of the coast.

ear, méhtduog, pl. + quash; nehtauog, my
ear; kehtauog, thy ear; wehtauog, his
ear (wuttéuwog, pl. +quash, R. W.; Peq.
kutthuwannege, (your) ‘ear, or what
you hear by’, Stiles.) From = wah-
teau, he knows, understands, perceives
(wdteo,C.); suppos. particip. wahteunk,
knowing, with termination marking
inan. agent, and m’ indefinite prefixed.
Cf. Gr. avery (ai), tofeel, to perceive,
to hear; Lat. audire; Fr. entendre, to
hear, to understand.

early, nompodeu, nompode, early (next)
morning. See day.

earn, tummuhhouau onkquatunk, he earns
(and obtains) wages; suppos. noh tam-
houadt, he who earns (it).

earring, sogkussohou, pl. +-nash.

earth, ohke (atike, R. W.; ohké, C.), the
earth, land, place, country (Abn. ki,
‘terre’, Rasles; Gr. 77; Lat. terra).
The primary meaning appears to be
‘that which produces or brings forth’,
corresponding to the an. ohkas [=ohke-
édas], the bringer forth, the mother.
nunabpi, nunobpe, earth, dry land (as
distinguished from water). See dry.

earthquake, quequan (there isa shaking
or trembling), a shaking; pl. quequan-
ash: ohke nukkeemo kah quequan, ‘the
earth shook and trembled’, Ps. 18, 7.

east, wintchepwoiyeu, wutchepwoayeu, east-
ward, on or to the east; wutche wutchep-
woiyeu, from the east; wutchepwosh (wut-
chepwoshe wittin, C.), the east wind.
For wutchepwoiyeu the Massachusetts
Psalter substitutes wompanniyeu, and
Roger Williams has Wompanand, ‘the
Eastern God’ (i. e. god of the dawn or
morning light), but nopdtin, the east

east—continued.
wind, and chepewéssin (=wut-chepwosh
of Eliot), the northeast wind (p. 83)
[ wut-chepioh-yeu, belonging to Chepy,
or the bad spirit, to whom the north-
east region appears to haye been
appropriated, as the west or northwest
was to Chekesuwand or Kesukquand
and the southwest to Kautdntowit or
the good god]. wompanniyeu (where
the daylight is) appears to have been
the more generally received word for
‘east’ or ‘to the east’. Its radical,
wompan, wépi (white, light, bright, of
the dawn), enters into the composition
of the names of places and people, as
Abenaki (Wapanachki) and Wampan-
oags (Wampan-ohke). See north.

easy, nikkiimme (nickiimmat, R. W.; nik-
kumme, nukkiimme, nukkiimat, C.), it is
easy, not difficult or hard; suppos.
nickimmat, when it is easy.

eat, meetsu, he eats (vy. i.), he takes
food; infin. métsinate, meetsinneate (me-
tesimmin, R. W.; Del., mitzin Hkw.),
to eat; meetsish, eat thou; meetswog, they
eat (ascvimetesimmis [=asq kum-meetsin-
as], ‘have you not yet eaten?’ R. W.;
Del. k’dapi mitzi, have you eaten?
Hkw.; n’mitzi, I eat, ibid.; n’dappi
mitzi, I am returned from eating, ibid.;
Muh. meetsoo, he eateth, Edw. ); vbl.n.
act. meetsuonk, eating, taking food
[meech-ussu]; v. t. meech, he eats (in-
animate food); num-meech, I eat (Del.
nmitzi, Hkw.; nwm-mechin, C.): woh
kummeech weyaus, thou mayest eat flesh,
Deut. 12, 20 (keen méitch, ‘I pray, eat’,
i. e. eat thou, R. W.). mawhau, moh-
whou, he eats (him, or animate object):
puppinashim um-mohwho-uh, the beast
devoured him, Gen. 37, 20; qunnonou
matta mowhdou, the lion had not eaten
(him), 1 K. 18, 28 (eum-méhuequock,
they will eat you; Mohowaugsuck or
Mauquauog, from moho, to eat, ‘the can-
nibals or men-eaters up in the west
[i. e. Mohawks]’, R. W.). Heckewel-
der says, ‘‘mitzin signifies to eat, and
so does mohoan”’, the latter being used,
in the language of the Delawares, when

TRUMBULL]

eat—continued.
what is eaten ‘‘required the use of the
teeth”’, and guntammen when that
which was eaten ‘‘needed no chewing,
as pottage, mush, or the like.”’ ‘‘If he
has eaten of both kinds of provisions at
his meal he will then use the generic
term [intransitive yerb?] and say n’dap-
pi mitzi, | have eaten”’ (correspondence
with Duponceau). The distinction be-
tween the verbs may be more correctly
expressed, at least so far as the lan-
guage of Massachusetts is concerned,
by stating that the intransitive verb
‘he eats’ is expressed by metzu, the
transitive inanimate by meech, he eats
vegetable food (whence weatchiminne-
ash, eachimminneash [=m eechum-minne-
ash, eatable grain], corn, and meechum-
uonk, fruit, vegetable food), and the
transitive animate by mawhau, he eats
that which has life, or an animate ob-

ject; perhaps, primarily, he bites or tears _

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

with the teeth: mahawoma [mowhau- |

ma] ogque askok-ut, ‘it biteth like a
serpent’, Proy. 28, 32; suppos.
mahhukque, ‘he who eateth me’, John

noh

6,57; ohquaog umma@hwhouh, the worms |

ate him, ‘he was eaten of worms’, Acts
12, 23; mmwhau locusts, ‘he did eat
locusts’, Mark 1, 6; but nwm-meech wey-
aus, I eat meat, flesh (as Deut. 12, 20),
etc. These three verbs—metzu, meech,
mowhau—denote the act of eating
or taking food. There was another
and older verb, not found in Eliot ex-
cept in compound words, which signi-
fied to feed or to satisfy the appetite,
namely iippo or upwou, (cf. Sansk. pa,
‘nourrir, soutenir’, ‘sustentare’, Bopp. ;
Gr. maw@; Lat. pa, in pd-vi, pd-bulum. )
Its compounds and derivatives are
numerous, as, natuppo, nadtuppa, it
(an animal other than man) feeds or
grazes: pigs-og natuppuog, the swine
feed or were feeding, Luke 8, 32; nee-
tassuog pish nadtuppmog (natipwock,

R. W.), the cattle shall feed, Is. 30,

92.

405

y. t. inan. nadtuppowontam, he feeds

upon; kodtuppa [kod-tippm, he desires |

to feed], he is hungry; wamepa [wame-
“ippo, he feeds wholly or entirely], he
is satisfied or fills himself; tdpuppo
[tapi-uppo, he feeds sufficiently], he

251

eat—continued.
has eaten enough, has sufficient; 11s-
saumepo [wussaume-uppo, he eats too
much], he is gluttonous; mishadtuppa
[mish-adt-uppo, he eats when there is
much], he feasts, partakes of a feast:
weetadtuppa [wetu-adt-uppo, he eats in
company with], he feeds with others;
sogkepw [sogk-uppo], he bites; imah-
chippa [mahche-uppw, he has com-
pletely fed], he has done eating (imai-
chepwut, when he hath eaten; imadichep-
wucks, after meals, R. W.), hence, he
eats up, devours, wholly consumes
(nummahchip, 1 devour, C.).
tuk, let us eat together, Exp. Mayhew.
Cf. mepit, tooth.

ebb tide, maichetan, R. W. See tide.

edge, kenay (that which is sharp), ne en
kenag. wus, the edge, border, brim, ete.
(wiss, the edge or list of cloth, R. W.);
pl. wussash; the borders of; wt wussadt,
on the edge (of a garment, ete. ), on the
brim (of a cup or vessel, ete. ).

wehpittit-

eels, neeshariog, sassammariquock, nquitté-
connariog, R. W.; Peq. neesh, neeshuaugr,
Stiles; Narr. neshuwongok, eels, Stiles;
nequttika, an eel, C. Two of these
names, nguittéconnatiog and neeshaiog,
are evidently compounded with the
numerals nequita, one, and neese, two,
as descriptive of two varieties or spe-
cies of the eel. The former signifies he
is alone, one by himself (nukquttegheu,
‘only son’, as in Luke 7, 12; 9, 38; Gen.
22, 2), and the latter, neeshauog, they
couple, go in pairs (neesuog, ‘two of a
sort’, a pair, Gen. 6, 19,20). The origin
of these names may be found, perhaps,
in the popular belief that the common
eel was hermaphrodite, or rather, epi-
cene. See Smith’s Nat. Hist. of Fishes
of Mass., 236. The name ‘‘neshaw eel”’
is still retained by the fishermen of
Marthas Vineyard, at Holmes Hole,
and perhaps elsewhere, for the silver
eel (Murzena argentea of Le Sueur)
(Storer’s Report on Fishes of Mass. ).

effeminate. See delicate.

ege, wou, wou; pl. woanash; mwdunash,
her eggs; ne wampag wé6u, the white of
an egg, Job 6, 6 (wou, pl. winash, C.).
Cf. édas, animal; weyaus, flesh; ash,
he proceeds from; am, wom, he goes

252 BUREAU OF

egg—continued.
from; ohke, earth; ohkas [=ohk-ddas],
mother; dontémuk (é6t6muk, E. M.), the
womb; Gr. @0v (Wor) ,egg; Moyers,
produced from the egg; @ordxos, that
lays eggs, etc.; Lat. ovum.

eight, shwosuk tahshe (shwésuck, R. W.;
shwosuk or nishwé6, C.; Peq. shwausk,
Stiles; Del. chasch, Hkw.);
shwosuk tahsuog, eight (persons or ani-
mate objects) ; shwosuk tahshe kodtum-
wae, eight years; inan. pl. shwosuk tah-
shinash missunkquaminneash, eight ears
of corn (shoasuck tashinash, R. W.); ut
nishwosuk tahshe kodtumma-ut, in the

chaasch,

eighth year; shwosuk tahshe nepduz, the
eighth month. From n’shwe, three (and
nese, two?), with termination of the
suppositive: the second counting or
“holding up’ (tahshe) of the third
finger, that is, 5-3.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

eighteen, nabo shwosuk: nabo shwosuk |

tahsh-isquanogkod, eighteen cubits (long,
high, ete.) (piueknabna shwoésuck, eight-
een, R.W.; Peq. piugg naubut shwausk,
Stiles. ).

eight hundred, an. shwosuk tahshe pasuk-
kaog; inan. -k@ash (shoasucktashe paw-
suck, R. W.).

eighty, shwosuk tahshinchag (swoasuck
tashincheck, R. W.;
C.); with an. noun shwosuk tahshinchag-
kodtog; inan. shwosuk tahshinchage or

nishwotashinnechak,

tahshinchagkodtash.

either, nanwe, C.(?). nanwe, any, may
have been used in the sense of either,
but this is not probable.

elbow, meesk, C.

elder, eldest, kehchiog, keh-
chisog, the old men, the elders; kehchis-

kutchiog,
squaog, the elder women. mohtomegit,
firstborn of sons or daughters, eldest
Muh.
elder

child, eldest brother or sister.
netohcon, elder brother; 7’ mase,
sister, Edw.

embrace, nuk-kehchikquan, I embrace,
I hold by the neck, C.; nukkehchquan-
nuwamun, we embrace, ibid. But
Eliot has uk-kechukquan-uh, ‘he took
him by the throat’ in no friendly em-
brace, Matt. 18, 28.
they cling together, embrace each other

moshogqunnittuog,

[reciprocal from MOSOgqueog, moshog-

queog, they join, adhere].

wonkomau, |

[BULLETIN 25

embrace—continued.
he embraces (him) in taking leave;
wowonkomuh, he embraced in taking
leave of them, Acts 20, 1; suppos. won-
kuttehhettit, when we took leave of each
other, Acts 21, 6 [an. form of wonkin-
num, he bends down, bows down].

empty, mohchiyeu (mohchiyéue, C.); méh-
cheu, mehcheyeu, it is empty, barren,
waste [for matche-yeu, good for nought,
bad]; v. caus. mohchiehheau, he empties,
i. e. makes (it) empty.

encamp. See camp.

enclose. See close.

enclosure, enclosed place, komuk; kup-
pohkomuk, a place closely shut in; meh-
tugque kuppohkomuk, ‘a grove’, Deut.
16, 21; a harbor or haven, Acts. 27, 40.
See building.

end (n.), whquaeu, uhquie, ohqude, (it is)
at the extremity or point of, at the end:
uhquae wutanwohhou, the end or point
of his staff; uhqude wut-ogkwmun-it, ‘to
the skirts [extremity ] of his garments’;
qut asquam ahquaeu, “but the end is
not yet’, Mark 13, 7 (ohqude, on the
other end, C.). Cf. vihkos, m’uhkos, a
nail, talon, or claw; uhquon, a hook;
wut-uhquab, the skin; wussuhqun, the
tail; unkque, uhkque, sore, extreme; wéh-
kéeu, on (its) sides or ends; wehque, as
far as, i. e. ending at; nwhqueu, so sar,
at such a distance, ete.
shik [when it is at the extremity or
limit, suppos. from wehquoshau, it goes
as far as, ending at], when it ends, the
end of, the utmost limit: wehgshik ohke
or wecehgshinne ohke, ‘the ends of the

wehqshik, week-

earth’, ‘the uttermost parts’; ne wehshik
waeenu, ‘its [the altar’s] edge round
about’, Ezek. 48, 13. wohkukqushik,
wohkukquoshik [when it reaches or at-
tains its utmost limit, suppos. from woli-
kukquoshin, it comes to an end], when
it ends (in time or action): ut wéhkuk-
qushik, to the end, =en wohkukquashinit.
wunnashque, wanashque, at the end of,
i. e. the upper end or termination
(Abn. Sanasksis8i, le bout, au bout;
Sanasksittan, le bout du nez, Rasles) .
end (v.i.), wohkukquoshin, it comes to an
end, is ended; wéhkukquoshik, when it
reaches the end; inan. subj. pish wohkuk-
quoshin-ash, they shall be ended. From

TRUMBULL]

end (vy. i. )—continued.
wehquoshau, with k’ progressive, it
moves onward to its limit.
end (y.t.). See finish.
enemy, matwau, (he is) an enemy; nwim-
matwom, my enemy; kummatwomog, thy
enemies; n. agent. matwaén, an enemy,
one who acts as an enemy; nuwmimat-
wainu ut kummatwomut, Lam an enemy
to thy enemies, Ex. 23, 22. Elsewhere,
matwau, ‘a soldier’, i. e.
enemy. See soldier; war.
Englishman, Waiitacone, pl. Waritacont-
aog, ‘coat-men’ or clothed, R. W. (wat-
dhk@nog, ‘such as wear coats’, C.).
Morton, in his N. E. Canaan (book 3,
chapter vy), says, ‘“‘the Salyages of the
Massachussets. . . did call the English
planters Wotawquenange [for -auge ?],
which in their language signifieth stab-
bers or cut-throates . . . a southerly
Indian that understood English well
. calling us by the name of Woto-
quansawge; what that doth signifie,
hee said hee was not able by any dem-
onstration to expresse.’’ The writer
confounded Wautaconiaog, coat men,
with Chauquaquock(see below). Wauta-
cénisk, an English woman, R. W.; dim.
Wautaconémese, an English youth, ibid.
Awaunagessuck, pl. English men, ‘‘as
much as to say, these strangers’’, ibid. ;
awanagus-dntowash, speak (thou) Eng-
lish, ibid. [awdiimn, R.W. (howan, El.),
somebody, anybody; awanick, ‘some

come’, ibid.; awdun ewd, who is that? | erect (adj.). See right; stand erect; man.

ibid.] (Peq. Waunnuxuk, Englishmen,
Stiles). Chauquaquock, ‘that is, Knive-
men’, R.W. ( Chokquog, Chogqussuog, C. ;
Englishmansog or Chohkquog, title to

Indian Laws, 1705) [chohquog (chau- |

quock, R. W.), a knife]. Englishmdn-
nuck (pl.), R. W.
enmity, sekeneddtionk, enmity, mutual
hatred [vbl. n. from he
hates].
enough, (fdpi, taupi, (it is) sufficient,
enough (taibi, R. W.; tapi, C.); nut-
tapet (?), I have enough, Gen. 33, 9;
imperat. 5d pers. sing. fapach, let it
suffice, let it beenough. Perhaps from
ul-appu, he rests at, sits down at. So, the
English ‘enough’ has been referred
to the Heb., Chald., Syr., and Ethiop.

sekeneam,

an armed |

ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY

bo
en

enough—continued.
to rest, to be quiet. aamut, (there is)
enough; inan. pl. wamutash, enough,
sufficient (things): ohke wamut, there is
land enough; nowameit, [ have enough,
there is enough for me; wamach, let it
suffice; womohk, wamék, when or if it
is enough; wamenau, he has enough
(watimet, tatibi, it is enough, R. W.);
from wame-ut, to the whole, at the
whole.

ensnare.

enter, he entered
the house or tent, he went in; petut-
teaog, they entered in; pétutteash ( peetit-
teash, C.; pétitees, R. W.), come thou
in, enter in; petitteadt, when he enters
(tawhitch mat petitedyean, why come you
not in? R. W.); ef. petau, he puts (it)
into. petukau, he goes in or into, he is
entering or going to enter [from pet-an,
with %’ progressive]. See go.

entreat. See supplicate.

envy, ishkouanatuonk (cf. sekeneadtuonk,
hatred) (ishkauaussie, envious; iskou-
oussiie, enviously, C.).

equal, tatuppe, alike, equally; netatup,
ne tatuppe, ‘like, so’, El. Gr. 22 (netd-
tup, ‘itisall one’, R. W.); tatuppeyeum,
it is equal to, like to (tatippéyeu, ‘just
so’; tattuppeyéue, ‘equally’, C.); tatup-
peyeuoog, they are like, equal; inan.
subj. tatuppeyeumash; suppos. tatuppe-
yeuok-ish, when (things) are equal.
From tapi, enough, by reduplication (?).

See catch.

petutteau wetuomut,

erect, set upright, wuinnashaw nepat-
tuhquonkoh, he set up an image, 1 K.
7, 21 (wunnash ohkuk, ‘set on the pot’,
Ezek. 24, 3; i. e. stand it over the fire).
Inan. obj. wunnohteau, he set (it) up-
right, erected (it), as a tower, a post,
ete. (cf. wannashque, on the top of;
wannashikomuk, achimney). neepattam,
he erects or stands (it) up [y. t. inan.
from neepav, he stands up].
err, panneu, he goes astray. See astray.
escape, pohquohham, he escapes, goes
clear; kuh-

tomeu,

pohquohush, pohquawhus
hog, escape thou, save thyself.

he escapes, saves himself; caus. tom-
heau, he or causes to escape
[related to tmeu, ptweu, he flies, and to

tomogkon, it flows]. See deliver.

Saves

254 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

especially, nanpehyeu, C. See very.

evening, wunnonkwak, (when it is) even-
ing; wunnonkou, (it is) evening; adj.
wunnonkquae, in the evening, at even-
ing. See day.

ever, forever, micheme (michéme, R. W.;
micheme, C.; michemeshaui, he is gone
forever, R. W.); inan. michemohtae,
everlasting; michemappu, (he is) ever-
lasting.

every, nishnoh, each, every: nishnoh wut-

tinnowaonk, (his) every word; nishnoh
wosketomp, every man (nishnoh teag,
everything, C.).

everywhere, quinnupohke [quinnuppe
ohke, about the land]; quinnuppu nut-
taok, about the world, in every place;
nishnoh ut, at every place.

evidence. See witness.

evil. See bad.

exalt, misheheau, he exalts (him) [makes
him great, caus. an. from mishe-u; ef.
mishowau, he ‘brags or swaggers’, C.,
i. e. makes himself great]; mishehtean,
he exalts, increases, makes (it) great
{eaus. inan. from mishe-w).

example (pattern), us-huwdaonk, C.; uh-
shuwaonk, Danf. See custom.

exceedingly, alche, very much, very;
muttae (moocheke, much; maochekeyéuuk,
excessively, C.); wussaume, too much;

exceedingly—continued.
muttae macheke, ‘exceeding much’, 2
Sam. 8, 8. See very.

except. See besides.

excite, stir up, wogkouwnau missinnin-
nuog, he stirs up, excites the people;
wogkoueonk (vbl. n. act., a stirring up),
excitement, commotion.

exert one’s self. See strive after.

extinguish, ontham notau, he extin-
guishes or puts out the fire; natau pish
onthamun, the fire shall be put out;
onthamwog mohkussaash, they extinguish
the coals [trans. inan. form, from oh-
tam, vihtea, it goes out, as fire or a light].
See quench.

extreme, whquie, at the point or extrem-
ity of; hence, at extremity, extreme,
grievous, cruel, severe, etc. In the
latter sense Eliot usually writes unkque,
but sometimes iihque, uhqueu, ete.
From vihk or vihq, a point or sharp ex-
tremity. See end.

eye, muskésuk, the eye or the face; pl.
muskesukquash: nuskesuk, my eye; weus-
késuk, his eye. (wuskéesuck, R. W.;
Peq. skeezucks, eyes, Stiles; Narr. «is-
kezuesqush, eyes, Stiles; Muh. hkeesque,
eye, Edw.; muskésuk, the eye, the
face, C.)

eyebrows, momounog (pl.).

iH

face, muskesuk, the eye, the face (Narr.
skeezup, face, Stiles). See eye.

fade, fail, mahtsheau, mahsheau, it fails,
fades, decays, passes away, comes to an
end; inan. pl. mahtshaash, they (inan.)
pass away; said of the loss of strength
and health, the decay incident to
sickness or old age, ete.; nippe maht-
shunk, when the water fails; ne maht-
shunk, that which is past (suppos. when

it shall be passed); so, of the flight of |

time, snahtshunk kesukodtash, ‘at the
end of the days’, i. e. when they shall
have passed away; pass. nippe maht-
shima@ (mahchim@), the water shall be
wasted, made to fail. Cf. mahchinau,
he is sick, from mahche or maht- (maut,
R. W.), expressing completed action or
past existence, the auxiliary of the per-
fect tense. See old (mohtantam).

faint, be exhausted, sodtinneau, he
faints; kodtinneaog, they faint.

faint-hearted, sohqutteahau, he is faint-
hearted; suppos. noh sohquitteahont, he
who is faint-hearted (sohqutteahhaue,
faint-hearted, C.). Causat. from soh-
qutahham, he breaks in pieces or beats
to powder (?). But ‘sequttéi, he is in
black, i. e. he hath some one dead in
his house’, R. W., apparently from
sticki, black or dark colored.

fair wind, wunnagehan or wunnégin
wipi, fair wind; wunnégitch wuttin,
when the wind is fair, R. W.

faithful, pdbahtanumwde, -mwu, faithful,
trusty (pdbahtantamwe, honestly, C.).
From pdbahtanumau, he trusts (him).
See trust.

fall, punneu, he falls down, prostrates
himself (Luke 8, 41; 30, 47; rarely

TRUMBULL]

fall—continued.
used). penushau, he or it falls (acci-
dentally or by mischance) (nup-pinis-
shom, I fall, C.); penushaog, they fall;

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY 255

family—continued.

my family; pl.-ongash. wek, his house-
hold (?), El.: neh wek-it (those in his
house), his household, family.

penusheau, it fadeth (as a flower, Is. 40, | famine, mahshagquodt, (when there is)

7,8); penushunk, when it falls; vbl. act.
penushaonk, pinshaonk, a falling, a fall
(El. and C.); from punneuw, which is
nearly related to, perhaps identical
with, panneu, he goes wrong, errs, goes
out of the way. petshau, he falls (acci-
dentally or by mischance) into, as pet-
shau wonogkut, he falls into a hole;

petshaog dpehhanit, they fall into the |

snare; suppos. petshdnit, petshunt, if he
fall, when he falls; from petutteau, he
goes into. kepshau, he falls (by mis-
chance), strictly he stumbles and falls,
falls by an obstruction in the way, ete.:
kepshau ohkeit, he fell on the earth;
kepshdog, they fall; suppos. part. kep-
shont, when or if (he) fall, when falling;
kepshunk, when or if (it) fall; vbl. act.
kepshaonk, a falling, afall. pagkishau, he
or it falls, inanimately, drops down (as
fruit frem a tree); inan. pl. pogkishin-
neash, they shall fall; pogshunk, when
it falls. kodsheau, it falls out of, as tog-
kodtég kodsheau, the sword fell out of
(its sheath) ; from kodtinnum, he draws
(it) out. chauopshau, he falls into the
water (chauwophash, cast (it) overboard,
R. W.); from chauopham, he puts it in
water, hence he seethes or boils (it).
kitchisahshau, he falls into the fire (?),
Matt. 17, 15. naksheau, it falls, drops,
comes down; meesunk nokshunk, when
the hair falls off (from the head); from
nokeu, it comes down, descends. dén-
tonshau, he falls backward. See
waterfall.

false, pannawae (falsely, C.), pannawau
(pannmau, C.), he speaks falsely, he
lies; ahque panwwah, do not speak
falsely to me, do not lie to me; vbl. n.
act. pannawaonk, a speaking falsely
or wrong speaking, a lie. From panne,

famine or dearth; mahshogque kesukod-
tut, in days of famine. Related to maht-
sheau, it fails, perishes, is gone; mehcheu
(mohchiyéne, C.), empty, barren, ete.
From mahche, denoting past existence
or completed action.

| far, nd, né, far off, to a distance, associ-

ated with the idea of motion. The
primary signification is ‘to that place’,
as distinguished from yeu, ‘here’, ‘at
this place’. Thus, yew whqudeu
no uhqudaeu, ‘on the end on this side
. onthe end on that side’, Ex. 37, 8.
n6 pajeh, until. néadt, nmadt, (suppos.
when it is) far off, at a distance, in
space or time, in old (far off) times;
locat. néadt-it, at a distance (natawot, a
great way; ndwwatick, far off at sea,
R. W.; nawwut, noadt, far; noadtit, a
great way off, C.);
time; nddhteau, it is far off; ndappu, he
is far off; suppos. ndappit, néahpit, he
who is far off. némsukau, he is tar from
(it, i. e. from the place to which he is
going or from the thing of which he is
in quest); nomsukonqueog, (it) isfar from
us; kenamsukom, thou art far from (it);
noasukak, ‘get ye far from’ (him).

noadtuck, a long

tountickquaque? how far? yo anitickqua-
que, so far, R. W.; uttoh unnuhktthquat2
how far? C. nohqueu, nohque, unnoh-
queu, (it is) so far as; na nohque, so far
distant [né uhquaeu; see above, 76].
wehque, as far as, even unto (yd wéque,
thus far, R. W.); ef. wéhkdeu, at the
end of; see end.
as; wutch ..

yean, yaen, to, as far
. yean, from. .
to yonder, thither].

. to [yd en,

farewell, nahdénnushagk, nohnushagk (ap-

parently a verb, imperat. 2d pers. pl.,
equivalent to ‘fare you well’), Luke
9, 61; Acts 18, 18 (hawiinshech, fare

out of the way, wrongly, and nawau, | (thou) well, R. W.; nehunishshash or
he speaks. | wunniish, C.).

family, weechinnineummoncheg (pl., they | farther, ongkoue, aongkdie, farther, be-
who go withhim), hisfamily. teashi- | yond (onkkoue, C.); en ongkoue, to the
yeuonk, teashiyeumonk, Penne utmost, farthest (dwwusse, farther,
(chashiyetionk, C.; nutteashinninnéonk, R. W., and nneickomdasu).
my family, ibid.) ; nut-teatteashiyeuonk, (dimin. of ongkoue), a little farther

onkaeese

256 BUREAU OF

farther—continued.
(awwassése, R. W.).
dunvusse, R. W.).

anea (eneick and

fast. See fasten; swift; hasten.
fasten, make fast, menvhketeau, he

fastens, makes (it) fast (nwm-ménehkee-
teo, I fasten, C.; menukohtae, firmly,
ibid. ); mauminikish, ‘tie it hard’, R.W.
[from menuhkeu, it is strong or firm].
uk-keneepun-un nashpe kenontugwhegash,
‘he fastened it with nails’, Is. 41, 7.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|
|

kishpinum, he binds, ties, makes (it) |
fast (fastens one thing to another); |

kuspinush, kishpinush, make thou (it)
fast (kspiinsh, pl. kspiinemoke, ‘tie it
fast’, R. W.; nuk-kishpinnd, I bind, C.;
kishpinnoénk, binding, ibid.) ; kishpissu,
pl. kishpissuog, fastened, bound, tied
(an. obj.), and y. i. act. he fastens, ties;
togkuppinau, he binds (him) fast, makes
(him) fast by bonds: freq. or intens.
tahtogkuppinau, tattagkuppinau; suthx
wutohtogkuppinouh, they bind him fast.

fat, weés, weis: mweis, its fat, the fat of |
an animal (cf. weyaus, flesh; wehsue |
|

weyaus, fat meat). wunnogqueu, wunog-
ko, he is fat (waununockdo, it (a deer)

is fat, R. W.; wunnogque netassiiog, fat |
cattle, ©.) [wunne-hogkw, he is well

covered or of good body]: yo asipari-
gon, ‘thus thick of fat’, R. W.

father, mshoh (lit. he comes from him),
his father, the father of (osh, a father,
R.W.); nash (nésh, R. W.; nash, nawshi,
C.; Muh., nogh Edw.; Del.,

nooch

Hkw.); kash, thy father (césh, R.W.), |

koshw, your father; wutoshimau (he

who is a father), the Father (‘‘wetooch-
wink and wetoochemuxit both mean the
Father’’, Hkw.).

Edwards, in his Observations on the

Language of the Muhhekaneew In- |

dians (page 13), remarks that ‘‘a con-
siderable part of the appellatives are
never used without a pronoun affixed.

The “Mohegans can say ‘my father’ |

(nogh), ‘thy father’ (kogh), etc., but
they can not say absolutely ‘father’;
there is no such word in all their lan-
guage. If you were to say ogh, which
the word would be if stripped of all
affixes, you would make a Mohegan
both stare and smile.’’ Mr Heckewel-
der, ‘‘notwithstanding Mr Edwards’s

[BULLETIN 25

father—continued.
observation’’, “could not help being
of opinion that the monosyllable ooch is
the proper word for ‘father’, abstract-
edly [?] considered’? (correspondence
with Duponceau, page 411). Rey Mr
Daggett assured Mr Pickering that
‘*there is no word in any of the Indian
languages used in the Foreign Mis-
sionary School [at Cornwall, Conn. ] by
which to express in the abstract the re-
lation of ‘father’ and most of the other
social relations’? (2 Mass. Hist. Coll.,
x, 112). More recent writers adopt
the statement of Edwards—as Bancroft
(1m, 257), who cites Brebeut (81)—and
Palfrey (Hist. New Engl., 1,42): ‘‘The
most common relations they had no
expressing abstractedly.’’
This is, in one aspect, correct, for the
Indian languages did not admit of the
expression of a correlative name ab-
stracted from its relation, nor does the
English. But they could approximate
as nearly to the expression as does the
English word ‘father’ by wuta@shimau
(Eliot; wetachwink, Hkw.), ‘he is a
father’, lit. he is proceeded from, is a
source. It is surprising—and the fact
shows how superficial has been the
study of the group of languages about
which so much has been written—that
the radical significance of the word by
which the Indian expressed relation
to a father has escaped observation.
nash, kash, wsh-oh represent the Ist, 2d,
and 3d persons singular (indic. pres. )
of a suffix animate verb, and signify
‘T proceed or originate from (him)’,
‘thou originatest from ( him)’, ‘he origi-
nates from (him)’; intrans.my(an. ) ori-
gin or source, thy origin or source, etc.
Thus the Indian reversed the expres-
sion of relationship which we employ
in the word ‘father’; instead of ‘he is
my father’, they said ‘I am his off-
spring’ (cf. wutch negonne nooshik, ‘from
my forefathers’, from where first I came
from (suppos.), 2 Tim. 1,3). Theinani-
mate form of the same verb is often to
be met with in Eliot, as atshoh, wutji-
shau, wutchu, he proceeds or originates
from or at(a place or inanimate source),
and in Roger Williams’s Key, as dteshem

means of

TRUMBULL]

father—continued.
and wutshau (acdwmuck néteshem, ‘I
came [from] over the water’; tunna
wutshatiock? whence come they?). The
animate form is frequently employed
in its primary signification—that is,
without including the idea of paternity,
or rather of the filial relation, as na-

chai wohkumaieu, ‘I am from aboye’; |
kenaau kochaiimwa wutch aqgwu, * yeare |

from below’, John 8, 23; noh wutchu

. nish wame, ‘of him [as original or |
source] are all things’, Rom. 11, 36; |

noh wajhet mittamwossissit, ‘he who is

[suppos.] born of a woman’, Gal. 4, 4; |

causat. suppos. noh wajehayeuut Godut,

‘he who is of God’, i. e. is caused to pro- |

ceed from or to haye his origin in, John
6, 46; and in this form it is hardly sepa-
rable from the so-called preposition,

whichisin fact the primitive impersonal |

verb, wutche, wutch, atch (wuché,R. W.),
from, because of, ete. See begin; come
or proceed from; from.
[MARGINAL NOTE.—‘‘ Since writing the above

I see in Maillard’s Gram. Mikmaque (page 17)
that he has translated n’Stch, mon pére, as
derived from é8sschimk, étre fils’’.]

fathers (n. collect. ), wutmshinneunk, the
fathers, collectively or as a class, the
fatherhood.

fear, ‘qushav, he fears, is afraid of
(him); qush, fear thou (him); qusheuk,

' qushok, fear ve; vbl. n. act. qushaonk,
fear (reverence, C.); pass.
tear (referred to the subject). wabequ-
shaw [wdbe-qushau], be stands in fear
or awe of, greatly fears (him). V.i.

wabesu, he fears, is afraid; wabsek, fear

ye; ahque wabsek, tear ye not, do not
be afraid (nw-wabes, lam afraid, I fear,

C.); vbl. n. act. wabesuonk, fear (wap- |

suontammonk, ‘afraid’, C.). wabesuon-
tam, he fears or is afraid of (it). queh-
tam (quittam, C.), he fears (it); kuk-

quehtamumwo togkodteg, you fear the |

sword; suppos. noh quohtog, he who fears
(it). See affrighted; afraid; honor.

feast, mishadtuppmw, he feasts [mishe-
adt-uppa, he eats where there is much];
causat. mishadtupweheau, he makes a
feast; mishadtupwutteuh, let us keep
a feast; vbl. n. act. mishadtuppmonk
(mishodtuppmwonk, C.), a feasting. nick-

B. A. E., Buuu. 25 17

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY

qushitteaonk,

257

| feast—continued.

émmo, ‘a feast or dance’, r. W.: ‘Of
this feast they have public and private,
and that of two sorts: first, in sickness,
or drought, or war, or famine; secondly,
after harvest, after hunting,”’ ete.

feather, méqun (penna), a feather, and
(2) a pen; mequnne, ummequnne, feath-
ered; machekéqunau, mishequnau, (it is)
full of feathers (meek, a pen, C.).

feeble. See weak.

feed (v.i.). See eat.

feed (y.t.), assamau, he feedeth, giveth
food to (him);
he feeds him with grass; assamak flock,
feed ye the flock, Zech. 11, 4; assameh
(assdmme, R. W.), give me to eat, feed
me (see Howse 83). sohkomau, he
feeds, nourishes, continues to feed or
provide food for, sustains (him); kus-,
sohkomonuk, he fed thee; nussohkomon
flock, l feed the flock, Zech. 11, 7; soh-
kommouneh mecchum ne tapeneunkquok,
feed thou me with food which is suita-
ble (‘conyenient’, Prov. 30, 8); sohkom-
mas nut-shepsemes-og, feed thou my

assamouh moskehtuash,

lambs, John 21,15. unnanumeh quompa-
tash ne sdébahég, ‘feed me with that
pottage’, Gen. 25, 30, lit. give to me
(dipup) that pottage. meetseheaog wuh-
hogkuh, they feed themselves [caus.
from metsu, he eats].

feel. See touch.

female, squdas, squas, sgudus, of woman-
kind, female; squaiyeum (=squaieu, she
is female, Gen. 6, 19). See woman.
squoshim (squdshim, R. W.), a female
quadruped; adj. squoshimwe. In the
Del. ‘‘the males of quadrupeds are
called lenno wéchum, by contraction len-
nochum; the females ochque wéchum, by
contraction ochquéchum”’, Hkw.

fence, wonkénous, wonkonms (wékanos,
C.), a fence (also, a fort, q. v.); from
wonki, wonki, it bends around, is
crooked. (quissuk-
quanniitonk, C.), a stone fence, a wall.
pummeneiitunk, a wall or fence.

fetch, nun-neenskom (nun-nemskom, C.),
I will fetch, I fetch (it); meemsko-
mah nippémes, fetch me a little water;
neemskomunach petukqunneg, let bread
be fetched; neemskomuttuh, let us feteh
(it). See bring.

qussukquaneutunk

BUREAU

fever, weesaushdonk, wésdshdonk (a pesti-
lential or infectious disease), a fever,
John 4,52 (wesuuashationck, the plague,
R. W.); weesdéshau, wesohshau, he has a
fever (but wesauashati, he hath the
plague, R. W.). This name is appar-
ently derived from weesde (wesaui,
R.W.), yellow, with the affix denoting
bad or evil, -ish, and describes ‘‘the
disease which they call the yellow
yomit, which’’, as Heckewelder states,
“at times carries off many of them”
(Hist. Account 216). Eliot also trans-
lates ‘fever’ ague
(Deut. 28, 2) [kussopitae, very hot].

by kussopitae

kussinohshau, he has a fever (wamekus- |
sépitanohock, my body burns, R. W., |

i.e. wame kussépitae nohock; wnandtissu,
I have a fever, ibid., i. e. nen ndte-esu,
Tam on fire). See pestilence.

few, ogguhsuog (an. pl.), few (ogkossaog,

C.); inan. ogguhsinash, few

dim. ogguhsesinash, very few; ogguhse- |

quinogok, in (at the end of) a few days,

pl. of ogguhse (ogkosse, C.), small in |

quantity or amount.

field, ohteuk, ohteak (ahtéuk, soil, a field,
C.), pl. +onash (lit. that which is
owned or appropriated, to which the
idea of individual ownership attaches;
suppos. inan. part. from ohteau, when
possessed); ut ohteakonit, in the field;
wut-oliteakonit, in his field.

fierce, chachépissu, R. W.; chatchepissu,

chachepissu, wild, C. nishgiietu, fierce,
R.W.; tawhitch nishquéhettit, why are
they fierce? ibid.

fight, mekonau, he quarrels, contends,
fights with (him); suppos. oh
konont, he who fights, when fighting;
pl. neg mekononcheg; recip. mekonittuog,
they quarrel or fight, one with the
other (mecaiinteass, fight (thou) with
him; mecduntitea, let us fight, R. W.;
v.i. num-mekuhteam, I fight, C.; mecati-

tea, a fighter, R. W.; cum-mécautch,

you are a quarreller, ibid:). ayewuhko-
nau, he fights with, in battle, prose-
cutes war against (him). V. i. ayeuweh-
teau, ayeuhteahhuau, he makes war, does
battle, fights (jithetteke, fight ye; juhet-
tittea, let us fight, R. W.; ayewutttionk,
‘fighting’, C.). Vbl. n. act.

ayeu-

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

things; |

We- |

[BULLETIN 25-

| fight—continued.

teaonk, ayeuwuttionk, fighting, a fight,

war, abattle. N. agent. ayeuteaen, indef.

-(nin, one who fights, a fighter, a war-

rior; pl. -enninnuog; neg ayeuhteaenuut-

cheg (and ayeuwchteaenuitcheg), war-

| riors (habitual fighters) (Muh. ototeet
(particip. ), he who fights, Edw. ).

fill, it fills, it is filled
(inan. subj. ), he fills or makes (it) full;
numwohtoiish kenutcheganit, fill thou thy
hand (numowohtaj, let it be filled, C.);
from numwaeuw (it is full) and ohteau.
numwappuog wetu, they (an. subj.) fill
the house, i. e. the house is full of
them. numwdpanum wutaskon pummee,

numuohtean,

he fills his horn with oil; nwmwapanum-
ok, fill ye (one thing with another, as
barrels with water, 1 K. 18, 33).
wameechum [numuae-meechum], he is
full of food, has filled himself (nwm-
wamechiméhteam, I fill, C., i. e. make
myself full).
| filth, filthiness, nishkeneunkquok (sup-
pos. part. concrete, when it is filthy),
filth, dirt; nishkeneunkqussuonk, the do-
ing of uncleanness, filthiness in action.
filthy, unclean, filthy
(inherently or by nature); nishkeneunk-
quodt, when unclean or filthy (as a gar-

numMm-

nishkeneunkque,

ment, etc.); adj. an. nishkeneunkqussu,
(he is) filthy.
fin (ofa fish), wapwekan (2); neg wapwe-
| kanitcheg, they which have fins, Lev.
| 1159; Deut. 4; 9:
find, he finds (him);
mceheog, if I find them; ke-nameh, thou
| hast found me; kenamhesh, I have found
thee; namehteau, he finds (it); suppos.
part. namelhteunk, when finding (it),
when he finds (nwn-ndmeehteo, 1 find,
Ch:
causes to be seen (?).
fine (in particles or powder), pasquag,
that which is fine or like dust (pup-
pissi, dust; pishquehick, unparched meal,
R. W.) [from peasik, that which is
small ?]; pl. inan. pishquehthausuash,
‘beaten small’, powdered, Ley. 16, 13
(causat. inan., made fine). sohquag,
that which is fine or powdered, fine
dust: sohquag kah puppissi, ‘powder and
dust’, Deut. 28, 24; sohque puppissi, fine-

namehean, na-

Causat. from naiim, he sees: he

TRUMBULL]

fine—continued.
dust, Is. 29,5. sukpuiyeue, in fine pow-
der, finely powdered; ef. sukquttahham,
be beats it to powder, grinds it small or
fine.

finger, pohchanutcheg, pohchanitch, pl.
-egash; kuppohchanutch, thy finger; e-
qutta-tahshe pahchanitchau, he had six
fingers, 2 Sam. 21, 20. From polsheau
(it divides or is divided) and nutcheg
(hand).
itch, my finger; wuttiniwhunitch, his fin-
ger; muttasonitch, the little finger; keh-

keituhquanitch (the great

finger), the thumb; muppuhkukquan-

muttinwhunitcheg, nuttinwhun-

taquanitch,

itch[eg], the tip of thé finger [muppuhk- |

ukque-nutcheg, the head of the finger]
(muppuhkquanitch, pl. +-eash, fingers,
C.; nuppoohkukquanitchéga{sh], my fin-
gers, ibid.).

finish, make an end, complete, pu-
kodchtean (pakodjteau, pogkodcheteau)
anakausuonk, he finished the work;
nuppogkodchehteoh nup-pummdayeuonk, 1
have finished my course, 2 Tim. 4, 7;
pakodjteau-un, it is finished [cats. inan.
from pakodche, thoroughly, complete-
ly]. pakodche ussu, he performs (it) com-
pletely, finishes or aceomplishes (it);
v. 1. nuppakodche ussem, | make an end
of it, complete it. kesteaw wut-anakausu-
onk, he has finished his work. (kestou-
tinat, to finish, to leave off, C.); anakau-
suonk kesteauun, the work is finished.

malt, mahtoau, he made an end of |

speaking; matoadt, when he had done
speaking (niwm-mahteaim, I cease; num-
mohtanihkus, 1 conelude or finish, i. e.
I go on to conclude, C.).

fire, nwtau, nateau (ndle, yote, chickot,
squtta, R. W.; Peg. yet, Stiles; chikkoht
or notau, C.). nashquttag (=sqiitta, R.
W..), a violent or destynctive fire; inan.
concrete from nashquneau, it burns, con-
sumes, rages; cf. nashquitin, a tempest
or destructive storm.
tain etymology.
been restricted to fire used for domestic
purposes. chickoht [chikohteau, it burns;
chcke-ohteau, it is fierce or violent] was
amore general name of fire as an ele-
ment, or rather as a power, and nash-
quttag or squtta was nearly equivalent

nota is of uncer- |
Its use seems to have |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|
|
|
|
|

fire—continued.

to the expression ‘the devouring ele-
ment’—fire as an enemy or object of
dread.

firm, menuhki, menuhkeu, (it is) hard,

strong, firm (menuhkolitae, firmly, C.).
See hard; strong.

first, negonie (necdwmi, (for needwni) ?

R. W.), first. This word, though
differently written, is identical with
nukkéne, old (original, old, C.), and
like negut (one), of which it is the
ordinal, is related to nukkodtam (nickat-
tam, R. W.), he leaves behind, aban-
dons, ete.: ayimup negonne inukkéne-
yeuut, he hath made the first old, Heb.
8, 138; ne negonneyeumh, ‘that which
waxeth old’, ibid. nukkomau, he came
(or went) first, was in advance. negon-
shaen (indef. negonshaénin), a leader,
one who goes first. See one; old.

fish (n.), namohs (nammaiius, pl. +-suck, R.

W.;
namos, in composition; -ameek, Hkw.) ;
dimin. (pl. +og), little
fish. The root is apparently -awmau or
-dmdu, from which namohs is formed hy
prefixing the demonstrative or deter-
minative 7’ and adding the animate
termination ds [for édas, animal]. In
compound words this radical, with the
suppositive or participial termination,

ndmds, pl. namassmog, C.; Del.

namohsemes

-aumaug or dinaugg, appears as the
representative of namohs. pl. mogkom-
mdquog [imogke-dmaugg-uog], great
fishes, John 21, 11; kehtahhanndma-
quog, fishes of the sea, Num. 11, 22;
howamagqut [howan-dmaugg-ut], to any
fish, Deut. 4, 18 (aumati, he is gone to
fish, i. e. he fishes; awmatiog, they are
fishing; n’taumen, I am fishing; kuttai-
men, do you fish? nnattuckquiniwem
(=notumdgquam, John 21,3), I goa
fishing, R. W.). The modern Ojibwa
(Chippewa) restricts this name to the
sturgeon, adopting another (kego, ké-
goe) for the class. In the Ojibwa vo-
cabularies in Schooleraft’s Indian

Tribes, 1, 466, we have for sturgeon
nam ai’ (St Marys); nuh ma (Gr.

Tray.); naw neigh (Saginaw); naugh
may (Mackinaw). So, inthe Old Algon-
kin, lamek, ‘sturgeon’, fish, Lah. nota-

260

fish (n.)—continued.
mogquaen-in, naotamdgwaen-in (nattooh-
quinnuaénin, C.), a fisherman. oméden
(pl. omaenuog), one who is fishing; sup-
pos. pl. neg omdcheg (aumdachick, R.
W.), fishermen, i. e. they who fish
habitually (a%imanep, a fishing line,
18 \WYS) )o

fish (v.), (with hook and line) éinaeu
(aumati, R.W., he fishes); (with nets)
n. agent. ponashabpaen, one who fishes
with nets or sets nets; nwtamogquaonk,
a draft of fish, Luke 5, 9.

fisher (Mustela canadensis), pékané,
Rasles; pekan; wullaneag, wallaneg

(mod. woollaneag, Judd, in Gen. Regis-
ter; x1, 219).
fist, puttukquinutcheg, puttukqunitch
[ puttukqui-nutcheg, round hand].
five, napanna tahshe (napdanna, R. W.; na-
panna, C.; Peq. nuppau, Stiles; Muh.
ddw.; Del. (Minsi) nalan,
(Unami) palanach, Hkw.); an. pl. na-
panna tahsuog, five (men or animate

nunon,

objects) (napannetasuog skeetompaviog,
five men, R. W.); inan. pl. napanna
tahshinash, five things (in Gram. 14,
tohsuash; napannatashinash wauchoash,
five hills, R. W.); nabo napanna (pitick-
nab napanna, R. W.), fifteen; napanna
tahshinchag (napannetashincheck, R.W.),
fifty.

flags or rushes, imishashq, misasg Limishe-
askeht, great grass] (Narr. muskeech-
age, rushes, Stiles). wekinasq (wékin-
ash, pl. +-quash, reeds, R. W..) [wekin-
askeht, house grass, or grass for making
houses (?). ‘‘Theirhousesare .
ered on the roof with sedge and old
mats’’, Higginson, N. E. Plantation, ch.
xu. ‘‘The meaner sort of wigwams are
covered with mats they make of a kind
of bulrush’’, Gookin].
bok, flag, Job. 8, 11. uppeanashkinonog
(pl.), flags, Is. 19, 6.

flame, nonwmnau, nonouneau [=nonu-
nau, it sucks ?]: en nanondut, into the
flame; nononde, nonwunide, flaming.

flat, suppos. partic. nummekitchdnont,
having a flat nose (nenéque mutchan,
flat nose, C.). puck is the radical for
thin and flat. See Rasles, s. v. mince;
Howse 27, 35.

- COV-

wusshashquo-

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHN®LOGY

'

[BULLETIN 25

flatter, v. i. papanam, he flatters; an.

papanoau, he flatters (him); suppos.

part. noh papanamont, he who is a

flatterer; suppos. part. an. noh papa-
| nauadt, he who flatters anyone; adj.
papande, flattering [freq. from panna-
wau, pannaau, he speaks falsely]. waé-
enomau, he praises or flatters (him);
freq. wowaeenau [from waeenu-au, he
| goes round about]. From this comes
another form by the insertion of 2’
progressive: wéunonuhkoau, he flatters,
i. e. keeps praising, goes on praising
(waunonuhka@wonat, to flatter; na-wau-

| winonukaowam, I flatter, C.); vbl. n.
act. waunnonuhkowaonk (wouwekamud-
| onk, C.), flattery. nanwunyewmawog,
| they flatter (?), Ps. 5, 9.
flax, hashabp, hashap (ashappock, hemp,

R. W.) was the generic name of all

vegetable fibers or fibrous material used
| for strings, thread, or ropes. Eliot uses
it for ‘tow’, ‘flax’, ‘a fish net’ (dshdp,
ashop, R. W.);, ‘a
spider’s web’, ete.: hashabpuhtugg
[hashabp-uhtugg, flax stick], a ‘stalk
of flax’, and ‘a distaff’; hashabpon-
ak, ‘linen cloth’. Roger Williams gives
ashdp, a net (or ‘nets’ ‘made of strong
hemp’), and the plural ashdppock,

See praise.

pl. dshdppog, C.;

| hemp, and masatinock, ‘flax’.

flay, an. obj. pissénuman wuttuhquabeh,
he flays or takes off the skin of.

flea, papekg.

flesh, weyaus, pl.+-og (weeyots, ‘venison’,
| R.W.; ‘meat’, ibid.; weyaus, flesh, C.;
ef. édas, an animal); kaweyaus, thy
| flesh; mweyaus, his flesh, the flesh of;
askeyaus [askun-weyaus], raw flesh;
kesittde weyaus, ‘sodden flesh’, 1 Sam.
2,15.
flight.
flint, soggohtunkanompsk, rock of flint,
Deut. 8, 15; méshipsk, flint, Is) 50477.
float, puhpuhkuhhan, it floats, ‘it did
| swim’,2 K.6,6; lit. itis hollow. From

See prevail over (put to flight).

puhpuhki.

flood, tomédgkon, tommogkon (it flows), a
flood (taméccon, flood tide, R. W.;
taumacoks, upon the flood tide, ibid.).
See flow.

flour. See meal; fine.

'

TRUMBULL]

flow, fomdgkon, it flows, there is a flowing
or flood (nippe timogkon, water flows,
C.); tommogkone, flowing (abundantly,
i. e. flooding). Impers. verb wuttitch-
uan, wadtutchuan (or -a@wan), it flows
from: sepupog wuttichuwan, ‘rivers of
water run down’ (from), Ps. 119, 136;
nuppe wuttitchuan-up, ‘the water gushed
out’ (from the rock), Ps. 78, 20.
sohwutchuan [soh-wutchuan], it flows
forth, issues from or out of; sohkhetchu-
an, it continues to flow forth or issues
continuously, Is. 35, 6. unnitchuan, it
flows to or toward; sepuash unnitchu-
anash kehtahhannit, the rivers flow to
the sea, Ecel. 1, 7.
wan, anuweutchuwan [from anue-wutchu-
an], it overflows, flows excessively.
kussitchuan, it flows (as a stream or
with a current) continuously; as a sub-
stantive a current Or flowing stream;
the active verbal
form uk-kussitchuanna@onk sepuwussash,
‘the stream of the brooks’, Num. 21,
15; adj. kussitchuwane sep, a flowing
river (Cree keesitchewun, it is very
swift current [kees =keche, intensive],
Howse 175.) Elsewhere, kussehtanne,
flowing asastream: hkussehtanne sepuese,
‘thestream ofa brook’, Job 6, 15; kusseh-
tanup, a stream, a current; pl. +peash.
woweeyonchuan, it flows circuitously,

anitchuan, anichu-

pl. +-ash, or in

winds about [from woweaushin, it winds
about]. pamitchuan, pomitchawan
(pamutch-, pumitch-, ete.), it flows,
moyes by flowing (describing the kind
of motion without regard to direction,
source, or degree). It is formed from
pomushau (he walks, travels, moves
along) by substituting the impersonal
termination and introducing the -ch
guttural, denoting involuntary or in-
animate activity. Cotton gives, in a
nearly related form, the verb nup-puim-
mechésham, ‘slide’. In all these verbs
the radical is ach or wutch, it proceeds
from. See father.

flower, wppéshau, péshau (uppéshau, C.),

lit. ‘it bursts forth’, ‘blossoms’ [from |

pokshau, it breaks]; pl. wppeshadnash.
See bloom.

fly (n.), mchaus, ochaas, and masuhq, pl.
masuhquog, flies; dimin. masesihquog.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 261

| fly (v.), ptmeu, ptaweu, toweu, it (a bird)

flies, moves through the air ( ptowéi, it
is fled, R. W.; nut-towen, I fly, C.);
nag ptoweog, they fly away; suppos.
part. noh taweet, toeit, that which flies.
Nearly related to or identical with
potauau or potaeu, he blows or is
blown. Adj. ptoweche, flying. ptaéma,
it (inan. obj.) flies away [ptwew with
the impersonal intransitive particle
-mo]. tohan, ptohan, toun, it flies oris
blown by the wind, as dust or snow;
nish tohanash, things driven away or
made to fly; suppos. ne ptoanuntog wa-
ban (or ne taountog, or ne tohta@anontog) ,
that which flies before the wind or is
driven by the wind [ptmeu-un, pass.
part. of ptmeu]. pummunau, it (a bird)
flies, goes swiftly through the air [as if
shot from a bow or gun; pummun, shot,
pass. part. from pumimu, he shoots];
suppos. padmunont, when he flies, fly-
ing; neg pdmunenutcheg or padmunoncheg,
they (birds, fowls) which fly; freq.
papuminont, habitually flying; pl. neg
papumunoncheg: papumiinont psukses, a
flying bird (bird when flying). ushpeu,
ushpushau, he or it mounts upward in
air, soars, flies up; with inan. subj.
ushpemo, usspemo,; suppos. onatuh chik-
kinasog ashpshdhettit, ‘as sparks [when
they] fly upward,’ Job 5, 7.
he flees or flies (from an enemy);
nasem, I flee; pish n@semun, we will
flee (wussémo, he flies; wussemowock,they
fly, R.W.; wusséma, wussemodwi, (he
is) flying away, fled, C.); imperat.
wussemak, flee ye; suppos. wussemoan,
when thou didst flee; v. t. an. wasem-
wuhteauont mosquoh, when he flees from
a bear. ussishau, he flees to (a place or
person) for refuge, he runs or goes
quickly to; nd ussishash or ushhash, flee
thou thither [from ussu, by the inser-
tion of ’sh to denote swift or violent ac-
tion, he bestirs himself, exerts himself
violently, does (agit) with speed or ce-
lerity. Primarily wssisshau means sim-
ply he runs quickly or hastens]. ushpuh-
ha (and spuhho), he flies to for refuge;
nag spuhhowaog, they fled (for safety);
vbl. n. act. ushpuhhowdonk, spihho-
witonk, a refuge; uspuhhwmuwde ayeuonk,
a refuge place, place of refuge.

WUSSEING,

foam, pehteau (it foams), foam, froth; |

péhtom, the seum (of a pot); pehtatut-
taonau [ pehteau-wutton], he foams at the
mouth. Cf. petau, pehtau, he puts on
or into.

fog, nishkenon, (when there is) mist, fog,
fine rain; cf. sokenon, rain, when it
rains; n. coll. nishkenunk, ‘small rain’,
drizzle, Deut. 32,2. ouwwdn, vapor, mist,
steam. See vapor.

follow, he follows, goes
after (him); suppos. noh asukiit, he who
follows; suffix an. wut-ashkauoh, he
followed him (assuhkoudnat, to follow,
C.); asuhkaue (as adj. and ady.), fol-
lowing, going after; asuhkom, he fol-
lows or goes after (inan. obj.), he pur-
sues (it) [asuh-k-au, he continues to
go after or behind; asuh, the radical, is
related to n’eese, two, and to the dis-

asuhkawan,

junctive or alternative asuh, or].
nosukauau, he follows after, goes

after, pursues (him); suffix wul-nasu-
kau-oh, he followed him; nasukau, pur-
sue thouthem; suppos. noh nmsukauont,
he when following, he who follows; so
noswuttahwhau, nosuttahhawau, he pur-
sues (him), follows after (him); asut-
tahhawaog, they pursue; n. agent. 1as-
uttahh@uwaen, & pursuer, one who is
(actually) pursuing. Cf. naswetau, he
serves, obeys, yields to.

food, mevchum (he eats it); meechum-
muonk, fruit, vegetable food; meechu-
onk, mameechumuk (méchimucks, vict-
uals, R. W.); meetsuonk [vbl. n. from
metsu, he eats],eating, a feeding (winne

metsuonk, comfortable food

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

(good

feeding), C.; nompode metsuonk (morn- |

ing feeding), breakfast, ibid.). See eat; |

feed.

foolish, asalu, (he is) foolish, ignorant; |

pl. +og (assétu, assdko, a fool, R. W.;
assontiie, foolish, C.); ybl. n. act. asootu-
onk, folly (tohnacheyetionk, folly, C., but
rather® uselessness, unprofitableness) .
matlamog, mattamag, a tool; pl. matta-
mogwog (mattamagque, foolishly, C.);
mattamagquesu. or -queussiu [mattamag-
que-ussu], he does foolishly, a foolish
doer; vbl. n. aet. mattamagmonk, fool-
ishness, the being foolish; mattamagque-
suonk, mattamagqueusseonk, foolishness

in action, the doing foolishly. asatu-

[BULLETIN 25

foolish—continued.
onk is natural folly, simpleity, ori ignor-
ance; mattamagm@onk, foolishness with
reference to some special matter.

foot, musseet [m’asit], a foot; nusseet, my
foot; kusseet (Peq. cuzseet, Stiles; Narr.
kusseet, Stiles), thy foot; wusseet, his
foot; pl. +-ash (wussétte, pl. -tash, foot,
feet, R. W.; misseet, a foot, C.). From
ussu, he does, acts (agit ), Suppos. noh
asit, aseet, he who does or acts, thedoer.
Cf. ussishau, he acts quickly, runs.

for, wutche (it proceeds from), for, on
account of; ne wutche, for, from, because
of, therefore; ne
cause.

wutche yeu, tor this

Elsewhere newutche yeu wa),
yeu wajeh, etc. (wutche, for, prep.; newa),
for which cause, conj.; waj, for, conj.,
Gy):

forbid, quihtinau, queihtinau, he forbids
(him);
forbids him; ahque queihtus, do not
(thou) forbid; nag queihtus, forbid thou
them; suppos. part. quohtinont, forbid-
ding, when he forbids (quehtehkonat, to
forbid, C.); an. and inan. quihtehteau,
qutchteau, he forbids (it) to (him):
howan qutéhteaw nippe? can any than
forbid water? Acts 10, 47 (woh quehteh-
teau, he forbiddeth, C.) Perhaps from
ahque, ‘do not’, ‘refrain’. The pri-
mary meaning is, perhaps, to make
afraid, to cause to fear or to stand in

The causative form of the verb

sufix an. uk-quihtin-nuh, he

woh

awe of.
quehtam (quttam, C.), he fears, is else-
where used in the sense of to appease,
to threaten, to make to desist.

force, chekeheau, he uses force, forces
(him); suffix an. wut-chekeheuh, he
forced him, he ravished her (jn2t-cheke-
yeuwae, I compel, C.).
compels him, See compel.

ford, ponquag (?), a fording place (=shal-
low). taskeonk, a ford (tocekétuck, let us
wade; wut-locékemin, to wade; toyiisk,
a bridge, R. W.).

forehead, muskodtuk (in scdttuck, R. W.;
misk [-odtuk ?], C.; kuskodtuk, thy fore-
head; wuskodtuk, his forehead, the
forehead of; ut wuskodtugqut, on his
forehead.

foreign, penmue [ penoeu, it is different,
strange, unlike], strange, foreign; pena-
woht, penwwot, penuwolt, a foreigner

chetimau, he

TRUMBULL]

foreign—continued.
[penwwe-ohteau, one who is different];
pl. penowohtedog, strangers, foreigners;
penomwohkomuk, a strange place, a for-
eign country. See different; strange.

forest, touohkomuk (touohkémuk, C.; ct.
Del. tékenink, in the woods, Hkw.), lit.
a solitary place [toweu-kémuk], the wil-
derness, the forest, pl +-quash. In the
index to Mr Pickering’s edition of
Eliot’s Grammar (2 M.H.C., 1x), among
the “select words from the translation
of the Bible”’, the editor gave ‘sohsii-
moonk, forest’. This word (the active
verbal of sohsumm, it shines forth)
means a shining forth; in Eliot’s trans-
lation, ‘glory’. Mr Pickering’s mis-
take is traceable, I suspect, to his er-
roneous reading of Is. 10, 18: ‘auttou-
ohkomuk-que sohsuméonk’ , ‘the glory
of his forest’, lit. ‘his forest glory’.

foretell. See predict.

forever, micheme. See ever.

forget, wandntam, he forgets (it); wa-
nanumau, he forgets (him); ahque

wunantash, do not thou forget (it);
wanantanwog, wunanatamwog, they for-
get (nmwdnantam, I forget, C.); nawa-
ndnumukquog, they forget me, I am
forgot by them [wanne-antum, he is
without thought of, has not in mind].

wanantamwdheau, he causes (him) to

forget.

forgive, ahquoantam, ahquontam, he
forgives (it); ahquoantamau, he for-
gives (it) to (him); ahquoantamah

(ahquontdmah, C.), forgive thou me;
ahquontamaiinnean num-matcheseongash,
forgive us our sins; nwm-mahche ahquon-
tam, I have forgiven; vbl. n. act. ahquo-
antamoonk,a forgiving, forgiveness; pass.
and contract
(infin. pass., to be
forgiven), a being forgiven, forgiveness

ahquoantaméadtinneat,
ahquontaméadtin

received. ahquoantausiionk, the exercise
of forgiveness, the act of forgiving, par-
don [active verbal from ahqaoantaussu,
he exercises forgiveness] (nut-ahquon-
tous, I pardon, C.). From ahque-antam,
he ceases or refrains from haying in
mind, refrains from thinking of.
form, nussu, (he is) shaped or formed
[ne-ussu]: toh unnussu? what form is he
of? 1 Sam. 28, 14; suppos. ne anussit, in

former.

fornication,

NGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 268

form—continued.

the form or likeness of; muhhogkat
nussu, ‘in bodily shape’, Luke 3, 22;

vbl. n. act. nussuonk, unnussuonk, form
or shape (of an. obj.); wuttinnussuonk,
his form. neaunak, the form or likeness
(of inan. obj.): nedunag yeu muttaok,
‘the fash- ion of this world’, 1 Cor. 7
31; neaunak menutcheg, in the form of a
hand; suppos. form of neane [ne unne],
that which is so or is such as: when it
is (or being) such as, of that kind.
See shape.

See first.

?

| formerly, negonne, negonnae (chenohkom-

mié, C.). See first.
nanwunnodsqauonk, nan-

act.

nanwunnodsquaau, he fornicates or is

wunwudtsquauonk, vbl. 1. from
given to fornication; compounded of
nanwe, anybody, common, and nad-
squaau, he seduces or commits fornica-
tion with; nanwunnwdsquaosuonk, the
commission of fornication, whoring (by
either sex); nanwunnodsquauaen (indef.
-squaudénin), a fornicator (of either
sex), a prostitute; nanwunnodsquau-
ausuen or -squadsuen (indef. -suénin),
one who commits fornication or acts
the whore; nanwuna@dsquabsue mittam-
wossis, a Whorish woman, mansquadsu,
manishquaussu, manusquaausu, (she is)
a fornicator

mittamwoss

or commits fornication:

SSO WLAN Usd uaa usiteh ed,
‘women who break wedlock’, Ezek.
16, 38; kummansquads, thou hast com-
mitted fornication with, hast played
the whore with (him). See aduitery.

forsake, ahquoanumau, ohquanumau, he
’ Y ? 1 3

forsakes or abandons (him); ahquo-
andog, they forsake (him); inan. ahquo-
antam, he forsakes (it). Same as for-
give, q. v.

| fort, mansk, manshk, a fort or place of

fourteen.

defense; pl. manskash (aumdnsk, R.W.).
wonkonéus, wonkonms (wéka@nas, a
fence, C.; waukaunésint, a fort, R. W.),
a fort, i.e. a palisade, a crooked [ioon-
ki] or curved fence; see fence.
konogq, pl. -ogwash, -ogquash, strong-
holds; from menuhkenum, he holds it
fast.

menuh-

See four.

264 BUREAU

forty. See four. |

foundation, quenohtag, suppos. part.
concrete from quenohtau, he founds or
lays a foundation; lit. that which is
deep (?). Cf. qunnonteadt, ‘when he
had digged deep’, Luke 6, 48; queneh-

he founded it; pass. it is
founded.

four, yauwe (yoh, R. W.; Peq.
yauuh, Stiles; yau, C.; Muh. nauwwoh,

tauun,

yau,

Edw.; Del. newo, newa, Hkw.); yau- |
ut nai, four square; pl. an. yauog,

yauaog (yowock, R.W.); inan. yawunash
(youtinnash, R. W.; yauunash, C.);
yauut (yauwut, C.), four times.
yau (piuck-nab yoh, R.W.; Peq. piugg
Stiles), fourteen;
yauwudt, nabo yauut, fourteen times;
so, nabo yauwudt kodtumwae, for four-
teen years, i. e. to the fourteenth year;
or, fourteen times one year. yauwunchag |
(yowinicheck, R. W.; yauwinnechak, C.) ,
forty; pl.an. yauunchdagkodtog, yauuncha-

nabo

naubut yau, nabo

gottog; nan. yauunchagkodtash. yauwudt
pasuka@aog, four hundred (an. ).
fowl, puppinshaas. See bird.
fox, wonkgiissis, wonksis, pl. +sog; dim.
mes, a little fox ( pequarwus,

H

wonkqussi
a gray fox; mishqudshim, a red fox,
R. W.; Peq. @ waumps, fox, Stiles; wonk-
qussis, C.).

fragment, chogq, a bit, a morsel; kod-
chuki, a piece or fragment of (cotchekin-
nemi weeyors, cat me some (i. e. a piece
of) meat, R. W.).

free (adj.), chipappwu [chippe-appu, he
remains apart or by himself], he is
free; suppos. chipininnimit, when he is |

See spot; piece.

free, being free (chippinninnie netu,
(he is) free born, C.); sunnummatta
nut-chippinninnuo? am not I free? om-
peu, he is free, unbound. See loose;
man (omp).

free (vy.). See deliver; loose.

freely, nannowe, nanouwe, nanowiyeue,
freely (nanauwe, nannduwe, C.), =nan-
we, common, anybody’s (?).

freeze. See frost; ice.

Frenchmen, Punachmonog (pl.), C.

friend, wétomp, a favorite or dear friend;
pl. +dog; nétomp (nétop, R. W.), my
friend, a ‘general salutation’ between
the Indians and English (R. W. 27)
( peydush nétop, come hither, my friend,

|

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

friend—continued.
R.W.); kétomp, thy friend; neetompaog
(netompatiog, R.W.), my friends (Del.
n'tschu, my friend; n’tschitti, dear, be-
loved friend; jnitis, (my) confidential
friend, Hkw.) [wetu-omp, house man,
companion, of the same household or
family; so, weetompassu, wetompas, a
brotherorsister]. tonkgs, friend, cousin,
kinsman (natoncks, my cousin; watdncks,
a [his] cousin, R. W.; wodtonkgsin, a
cousin, ©.): nuttonkgsog, ‘sirs’, Acts
27, 25, i. e. friends; cf. (fem.) weetuk-
squoh, her sister; netukkusq, my sister
(wéticks, a sister, R. W.).

frog, tindgkukquas, tenogkequas, tinogka-
quas, pl. -suog (tinnogkéhquase, pl. -suog;
tinnogkohteas, pl. +-suog, a toad, C.).
mohmoskuhteasu(og], frogs (mahinoskoh-
teaseog, Mass. Ps.), Ps. 78, 45, but not
elsewhere. Abn. moskeké, a toad.
Peq. kopiauss, kupijas, frog, Stiles.

from, wutche, wtch, ach (wuché, wutche,
R.W.; wutche, C.; Muh. ocheh, Edw.
The ch is guttural, nearly equivalent to:
the German ch soft). Primarily a de-
fective or impersonal yerb, wutchew
(wutchu, wtchu), it proceeds from, comes
from, hence as a preposition from, of,
because of, ete. wutch . . . yean, from
... to (after verbs of motion); noh
wutchu, (itis) ‘of him’, as a source or
cause, Rom. 11, 36; na atch sohhamun,
‘there went forth from’, Num. 11, 31;
na wmch qushken, he returned there from
(hence); yeu wutche (yo wuche, R. W.),
from hence, from this place; ne wutche
(from that), for that cause, therefore.
This root served to express the origin
of motion or source of being, and is to
be traced under yarious modifications
of form ina great number of compound
words denoting origin, source, motion
(animate and inanimate), progression,
‘ause and effect, production, ete. See
come from; father; begin. mm, wom,
he goes or departs from. See go
from.

frost, tahpu, (there is) frost (toohp, Mass.
Ps.; topu, R. W.; missittépu, a great
frost, ibid.; taqudttin, frost, ibid. (it
is freezing—the effect of frost); auke
taquatsha, the ground is frozen, ibid. ; séip
taquattin, the river is frozen, ibid.; tog-

TRUMBULL]

frost—continued.
quttinash nuhtaudgash, I freeze my ears
(my ears are frozen), C.).

froth. See foam.

fruit, meechummuonk (-mioonk, C.), pl.
-ongash [vbl. n. act. from meechummea, it
is eaten, used as food, the pass. inan.
form of meech, he eats], fruit, perhaps
all vegetablefood. asq, ashq, pl.asquosh,
ashquash, green fruit or vegetables, pri-
marily anything green or immature of
vegetable growth, as wuskeasq, pl. wus-
keasquosh, ‘tender grass’, 2 Sam. 23, 4;
Dan. 4, 15; from wuske, new, young, and
asq; with the indef. particle, im’ askeht
(or by reduplication, oskosk, C.), grass,
that which is green. From the same
root is aske, raw (askin, itis raw, R. W.;
askin, C.); wuske, new, young; «sq,
ashq, or asquam, not yet, and ashkoshqui
(askosque, C.), green in color. The
word asq was used especially to refer
to the fruit of the Cucurbitaceze, mel-
ons, gourds, cucumbers, and what are
now known by their Indian name,
though the plural has been transformed
to the singular, ’squash-es. askotasq,
pl. askatasquash, used by Eliot for ‘eu-
cumbers’, Num.

English from them call squashes’’
(R. W.), and which Wood mentioned
(N. E. Prospect), as ‘‘isquoterquashes,
their best bread’’; from askwk, a snake,
and snake-like or ‘crook-neck’
squash. quonmasq, a gourd [from gunni,
long]; hence qudnawask, a bottle, C.
monaskotasg, a melon (but by Cotton
monosketimuk, ‘cacumbers’.

asq:

So, qui-
nosketimuk, ‘muskmelon’, and ohhos-
ketimuk, ‘watermelon’, C., ‘or a raw
thing’; from askéhtamun, he eats it
raw). minne, min, pl. minneash, ber-
ries, nuts, small fruit, grain, ete., that
which is produced by and is peculiar to
each tree or plant [m’unni, the kind
of, the species of]. In the singular in
compound words it denotes kind or
species, the growing tree or plant; in
the plural, the fruit, as weatchemin, corn

11, 5, was “‘askita- |
2 5 = |
squash, their vine apple, which the |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 2

full, numwae.
fully, pakodche, completely, thoroughly;

or)
on

| fruit—continued.

in the field, standing corn; pl. -minne-
ash, corn, grain; wenominneash, grapes
(weenom, a grape; weenomis, avine [from
waéenu, it goes round] ); wémpimineash,
chestnuts, R. W. [wompi-minneash,
white-nuts]; anduchemineash, acorns,
R. W. (annahchim, a nut, pl. -minash,
C.; Del. wunachquim, an acorn, which
Heckewelder (correspondence with Du-
ponceau, p. 407) derives from wunipach
(wunnepog, El.), a leaf, nach (nutch), a
hand, and quim, a ‘nut growing on a
tree’: ‘the nut of the tree the leaves
of which resemble a hand’. Here he
evidently mistakes the radical force
of min, as the examples which he
gives sufficientlyshow. Seeoak.); wus-
swaquatomineug, walnuts, R. W. (wus-
sohquatt6min-ash, C.; wiissoquat, a
walnut tree, R. W.; Del. im’sim, hick-
ory nut [ma@si-min, smooth nut]; ptue-
quin, walnut [petukqui-min, round nut],
Hkw.); qussuckominednug, the cherry
tree, R. W. [qussukquan-min, stone
fruit]; wuttdhimneash, R. W., wattah-
minneLash], C., strawberries. See
produce.

See fill.

wame, wholly, entirely; pohshane ( pd-
shanne, C.), fully, completely, thor-
oughly. See completely; all.

future. ‘‘The time to come is expressed

by a word signifying futurity, added to
the indicative mood, as mos, pish, shall
or will’’, El. Gr. 20. pish (pitch, R. W.)
with the present (or aorist) indicative
forms the simple future, as pish ...,
he will. . .; pish..., I will... (pitch
wkeetam? shall I recover my health?
R. W.); mos, though sometimes used
by Eliot as the equivalent of pish, de-
notes the future potential or conditional
‘must’ or ‘shall’: ne mos nnih, ‘it must
needs be’ so; mos nunnup, I must die
(moce, R. W.). paomd@onk, the future
or to come, C., vbl. n. intrans. from
peyoma, itis coming. ompetak, in the
future, in time to come (afterward).

266 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

G

gall, weeswe; nmweeswe, my gall. Cf.
weesde (wesawi, R. W.), yellow; weesog-
kon, (when it is) bitter; so, AS. gealla,
gall; ge-alewe, yellow; Gr. yoA7, bile;
xAon, yAoa, greenish. yellow; Arab.
murr, bile, bitter.

game (animals hunted), adchauonk, vbl.
n. from adchau (auchati, R. W.), he
hunts. See hunt.

game (gamble). See play.

gape, (éannéu, he gapes (téanénat, to gape;
nut-toiwanneem, I gape, C.); v. an. téan-
nehtau, he gapes at (him).

garden, tanohketeaonk, pl. tanohketea-
ongash, cultivated plants, Is. 17, 10; ut
noeuw adtanohketeamuk, in the midst of
the garden, Gen. 2, 9. Cf. tannettuog,
they grow as plants, are produced; dtan-
negen, it yields or produces.

garment, hogkmonk (aukmonk, C.), a
covering of skin; monak (ménak, C.;
matinek, an English coat or mantle,
R.W.). See dress; clothe; clothing.

gate, squont, usquont. See door.

gather (collect), v. t. an. mianau, he as-
sembles or gathers (them) together,
he causes them to collect. miyaéog,
maiyaéog, they gather or collect (them-
selves together), they assemble; from
miyae, moeu (moywe,C.), together; freq.
moh mocog [i. e. m’ miyacog], they gather
themselves together often or habitually.
See assemble. méunwm, he gathers or
collects (it); kum-mounwn, thou gather-
est (mowinnee, he gathers (fruit or the
like); mowinneeatiog, they gather, R.
W.); vbl.n. méunuméonk, a gathering,
i. e. a tribute, custom, toll.

general, nanwe, common, q. vy. (nanwe
wosketomp, any man, C.): nanwe wut-
Epistleum Jude, ‘the general epistle of
Jude’ (=Del. lenni,which Heckewelder
translates ‘original, common, plain,
pure, unmixed’ (Corresp. 412); more
exactly, common, general, normal).

generation, pometuonk (vbl.n., a living,
i.e. a lifetime): wp-pummetuongash
Adam, ‘the generations of Adam’, Gen.

generation—continued.
5, 1; pometuongash, Is. 41, 4. See copu-
late; couple.

giant, magoshketomp, mogosketomp [mog-
ke-wosketomp, huge man].

gift, magmonk, vbl. n. act. from magou,
he gives, a giving or offering; wmmag-
monk wosketomp, a man’s gift, Prov. 18,
16. See give.

girdle, puttukquobpus, puttukquobus (nup-
puttukquobbesin, ‘it bindeth me about’,
Job 30, 18; ef. puttogqueguohhou, a veil;
puttogwhonk, a covering; puttogqueu, he
hides; wobpe, the thighs); pl. puttog-
quobpissinash,

girl, nunksqua, nunksq (nonkishg, C.), a
young woman, a girl (adolescens)
[nonke-squa, from nonkaneu, he is light;
so, nunkomp, a young man]; dim. nunk-
squaes (squasese, little girl, R. W.; Narr.
squauhses, Stiles; Del. ochquetschitsch,
Hkw.), a young girl, puella; double
dim. nunksquaemes. See virgin; woman.

give, magou, mago, he offers, pre-
sents, gives, sells; magwk (maugoke,
R.W.), give ye; magish (mduks, R.W.),
give thou; magundt (mdgunat, C.), to
give or sell: magundt sephausuongash, to
offer sacrifices, Heb. 8, 3 (opposed to
attumunnumunat, to receive, Acts
20, 35); suppos. noh maguk, he who
gives or sells, a giver,a seller; act. par-
ticip. magunutche, one who gives, is
(actually) giving. See gift. aninnumau,
he gives to or bestows upon (him) (also
he helps or assists (him): aninnumeh,
help thou me (kuttdnnummi? will you

help me? R.W.) ); aninnumék metsuonk,
‘sive ye them to eat’, Matt. 14, 16, i. e.
give ye food to (them); aiinnumah
(ken ununtimah, C.), give thou to me;
kittinnumoush, kattinnumoush, I give (it)
to thee, I will help thee.

glad, wékontam, he is pleased, he is glad
[wéekon-antam, he is sweet-minded];
nowekontam (nowekontam, C.; nowe-
céntam, R. W.), T am glad; wekontash,
be thou glad, rejoice; vbl. n. wekontamé-
onk (-®onk, C.), gladness, the being

TRUMBULL]

glad—continued.
glad; wekontamwe, -tamwée (-tamée, C.),
gladly, willingly; muskouantam, he is
very glad, he rejoices, lit. he is boast-

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

bo
lor)
iT

| go—continued.

ful: wekontamak kah ahche muskouanta- °

mk, rejoice ye and be exceeding glad,
Matt. 5, 12 [missi-wekontam ?].

glittering, wohsippde, wohsippohtde. See
bright.

glory, sohsiiméonk [soh-wohswmamonk, a
shining forth; vbl. n. act. of sohsumo,
it shines forth. See note on forest].

gluttony, wussaumepmonk
pooonk, C.), vbl. n. act. from wus-
saumepm [wussaume-uppa@, he eats too
much], he is gluttonous. See eat.

gnat, sogkemas. From the same root as
sogkepa, he hites.

go, mm, 6m, he goes from (a place
other than that in which the speaker
is) or proceeds from; wmaa, it goes
from; na mmun, he went thence; am-
wog, they went on, proceeded on their
journey (as in Gen. 35, 16); tohnoh
kom? whence dost thou come? (toh-
hunno kom kekit? when did you come
from home? C.; tunna cowatim ? whence
come you? R. W.); wimup, he did go or
come from; ahque amagk, go ye not
from, Acts 1, 4; suppos. wag, when he
goes or proceeds from.

au, he goes to (a place other than

that in which the speaker is); auog,

(aussomup-

they go to; aush, go thou to; ontuh, let |

us go to (yd afta, let us go that way,
R. W.); kuttéw toh ‘thou
walkedst whither thou wouldst [go
to]’, John 21, 18; avon, if I go. The

kod éan,

forms of this verb are more irregular |

than of perhaps any other of the
primitive verbs. It is not always pos-
sible to distinguish its suppositive and
participial forms from those of wm
under the disguises of Eliot’s phonog-
raphy. This verb is often used intransi-
tively, and its primary signification was,
probably, to go: noadtit aui, ‘he is
gone a long journey’ (afar off), Prov.
7, 19; wttoh wamouk, uttoh aomouk,
‘whence it cometh, whither it goeth’,

Mass. Ps., John 3, 8; ne ayéan, ‘in the |

way’ (when thou goest), Ex. 23
suppos. uttoh woh 61 or ayoi, whither I
may go. Hence m’ay, a path: may toh-

EAU, ||

woh adhettit, ‘the way wherein they
must walk’, Ex. 18, 20; wttiyeu may
ao6g, by what way ye should go, Deut.
1, 33. See path.

amdeu, he goes away, he departs
(without reference to the mode or act of
going, but simply expressing the sepa-
ration or withdrawal of one person or
thing from another); amaish, go thou
away (nuttamdeen, I depart; amaénat,
to depart, C.); suppos. amaiit, amayit
. . . amayiteh, if he depart... let him
depart, 1 Cor. 7, 15.

monchu (mauchié, R. W.), he goes
(from the speaker or the place where
the speaker is supposed to be; opposed
to peyau, he comes, see come); num-
monchem (-eem,C.), I go; num-monchip,
T went; monchish (marichish, R. W.), go
thou; suppos. particip. noh monchit, he
who goes; freq. momonchu, he moves,
i. e. continues to go; nishnoh oaas . . .
noh mamonchit, every animal . . . that
moveth, i. e. hath power of motion,
Ezek. 47, 9.

wadpeu, wabeu, he goes up (absolutely
or without regard to the mode or act
of going), he rises; waapemm, it goes
up, i. e. it is raised up: nippeash waa-
pémoash, the waters rise up, Jer. 47, 2
(nowabeem, I arise, C.). From wadbe,
impers. verb, ady., and prep., it is
above, above.

womsu, womussu, he goes down (abso-
lutely); m@msuog, they go down; nwwo-
mussin wadchu-ut, I came down from
the mountain; suppos. part. noh wo-
mussit, noh womsit, he who goeth down;
neg womussitcheg, they who go down.
From womeu, womiyeu, impers. verb,
ady., and prep., it is down or beneath.

kuhkuhqueu, he goes upward, ascends
by progressive motion. See ascend.

nokeu, he goes downward, descends
(from above to or toward the earth
[iw ohke-au]; cf. womsu, he goes down
below the earth or the speaker) ;
nokop, he descended, came down;
noch nokem kesukqut, ‘I came down
from heaven’, John 6, 38; suppos.
noh nakit, he who descends, goes or
comes down; nokitch, let him come
down; inan. subj. nwkemmw, it went

268 BUREAU
go—continued.
down or came down; y. t. inan. nowki-
num, he puts (it) down or lets (it) down.
qushkéu, he goes back, returns. See
return.

asséushau, he goes backward; nut- |

assévisham, I go backward.
kutchitt6ushau, he goes forward, pro-
ceeds onward; nuk-kitchittéusham, I go
forward; inan. subj. kutchittéushoma, it
goes forward [kutche]. See begin.

pasatshau, he goes near or comes near; |

suppos. noh pasatshadt, he who goes or
“comes near; pdsmsukau, he is going or

coming near, he approaches (imply-
ing, by the incorporation of i’ progress-
ive, continued motion; pasmtshaw ex-
presses merely the act of getting near
to, without necessarily including the
idea of voluntary motion ).

petukau, he goes in, enters (ingredi-
tur), i. e. he is going in.

petutteau, he goes into or within (init,
intrat); pétutteash ( peetitteash, C.; péti-
tees, R. W.), come thou in, enter, go in.

sohham [=soh-am], he goes forth.

negonuhkau [=negonne-k’-au], he goes
before, precedes, leads; divested of the
idea of progressive motion (expressed
by k’), negonnau, nuk-komau, he is in
advance, he leads or precedes.

asuhkau (asuhke-auj, he goes after,
follows; asuhkau-au, he follows (him);
suppos. noh asukiit, he who goes or
comes after; an. suffix nah wut-asuh-
kauoh, he followed them.

nasukau, he goes after, pursues, fol-
lows. See follow.

pomushau, he goes on foot, he walks
See walk.

ussishau, he goes quickly to, hastens
[usseu, with sl’ of violent motion], he
runs to (as distinguished from quog-
quéu, he goes by running, runs).

ptmeu, he goes by flying (as distin-
guished from pummeu, he flies. and
pummunau, he flies to). See fly.

nohham, nohham, he goes by water,
sails (comishoénhom? go you by water?
R.W., i.e. by boat, mishoén). See arrive.

pummohham, pomohhom, he goes by
sea [pummoh-amm]; n. agent. pum-
mohhamwaen, pl. ~waenuog, they who
go by sea, mariners. See sea.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

go—continued.

kemuhkhom, he goes spying, or as a
spy [kemeu-mm, he goes secretly ].

panneau, he goes out of the way, goes
wrong; suppos. part. noh panneont, he
who goes wrong [panneu, (he is) out
of the way].

wauonu, woonu, he goes astray, wan-
ders; nmauwéin, L go astray (n@woowdn,
I wander; wawonntiog, they wander,
C.); suppos. part. waont, wayont, going
astray or out of the way, hence the
setting of the sun, or his going out of
the way. See sun.

abhsuhqueau, auhsuhg-, ahauhsukq-,
he goes to and fro [duhsuhque, to and
fro, 2K. 4, 35].

dgushau, dgqshau, he goes below,
beneath, or under (it), 2 Sam. 18, 9;
Job 24, 8 [agwe, below].

Cree itoot-ayoo, he goes there; kéw-
ayoo, he goes back, returns; kdéospu,
he goes (from river or lake) inland;
nasep ayoo, he goes to the river, ete.:
urithaweeoo, he goes out, Howse 81.

god, manit (manit, pl. manittéwock, R.W.;
Peq. mundtu, Stiles; Del. welsit mannitto,
the good spirit); vy. subst. manittm,
manitto, (he is) a god; pl. manittmog,
manitoog, El. Gr. ‘*We-ay God is; the
Indian of this is Wannitom. The two
first syllables stand for God; the latter
assert his existence’, Exp. Mayhew
(MS). In his translation of the
Bible Eliot has in most instances trans-
ferred the name of ‘‘God’’ and of
“Jehovah”? to the Indian text. He
gives, however, Manit wame masugkenuk,
‘God Almighty’, Ex. 6, 3, and nen
Manitto, ‘I am God’ Is, 43, 12, ete.;
ef. Manit, ‘the Lord’, Ps. 2, 4; Jeho-
vah, ‘the Lord’, v. 7; God-ut, ‘(against)
the Lord’, v. 2. sive form
num-manitam, my god, Ps. 3, 7; 7, 1;
kum-manitom, thy god, ete., is some-
times used. The word is derived either
from dnue, above, with the suppos.
part. form and indef. prefix: m’anit, he
who is above or more than (all) (see
more), or from anheau, suppos. dnhit, he
who does to or deals with. It is to be
observed that the derivative has the in-
definite and impersonal prefix m’,
‘something above all’ or something

TRUMBULL]

god—Continued.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

which deals with us (see conduct one’s |
self). mattanit (mat-anit), he who is not |

God, the not-God, the devil, or bad
spirit; see devil.

manittmog, manitoog (manittowock,
R. W.), the gods of the Indian mythol-
ogy. ‘‘They haye given me the names
of thirty-seven, which I have, all which
in their solemn worships they inyo-
cate’, R. W. 110. Kavtdntowwit, ‘the
great South West God’, ‘to whose house

all souls go, and from whom came |

their corn, beans, as they say’, ibid.,
= Cawtdntowwit, ‘their great God’,
R. W., Introd.; cf. Jehovah Keihtannit
[the great god, kehte-dnit], ‘the Lord
God’, Gen. 24,7. ‘‘The Massachusetts
call their great god Nichtan [ Kiehtan?],
. the Penobscots, the god Tantum,”’
Capt. John Smith, 1631. ‘They wor-
ship Kitan, their good god, or Hobba-
moco, their evil god’’, Lechford, Plaine
Dealing. Tintum was a contracted
form of keihtanit-om, my great god or
great “* Kiehtan the
principal and maker of all the rest [of
the gods] and to be made by none .
who dwelleth above in the heavens
. far westward, whither all good
men go when they die’’, Winslow’s
Relation, 1624; and in the margin:
“The meaning of the word kiehtan, I

our god.

think, hath reference to antiquity, for |

chise [kutchise?] is an old man and
kiehchise a man that exceedeth in age’’.
(Del. Getaunitowit, God, Hkw.) Squan-
tam (= Kiehtan and Kautantowit?):
“They acknowledge a god whom they
call Squantam, but worship him they
do not”? (Josselyn, 3 M. C. H., m1, 300).
Contracted from musquantam, he is
angry; musquantam Manit, God is an-
gry, R.W. ‘‘If it be but an ordinary
accident, a fall, etc., they will say, God
was angry and did it’’, ibid. Hobba-
mock (Capt. John Smith), Hobbamoco
(Lechford), Abbamocho or Cheepie (Jos-
selyn), ‘their evil god’, ‘that we
suppose their devil’; see deyil. Kee-
suckquand [kesuk-anit], ‘the Sun God’,
R.W., ‘‘a name of the sun, by which
they acknowledge the sun, and adore
for a god or divine power’’. Cheke-

269

god—continued. j
suwdnd, ‘the Western God’, R. W.
(chékesu, the northwest wind, ibid.,
from chékes, vidlent, fierce, with the
animate active termination). Wom-
panand, ‘the Eastern God’, R. W.
[wompan-anit, the god of the dawn
or of daylight, Eds]. Wunnanaméanit,
‘the Northern God’, R. W. [wun-
nanumau-anit, the god of blessing, or
who blesses, confers benefits (?); nanu-
miyeu, the north]. Sowwandnd, ‘the
Southern God’, R. W. [= sowandyeu,
sdaniyeuw (sowainin, R. W.), southward,
to the south, in Eliot, but to the
southwest according to Roger Williams.
“They have a tradition that to the
southwest, which they call sowwainin,
the gods chiefly dwell; and hither the
souls of all their great and good men
and women go’’, R. W.]. Was Sow-
wandnd [sowaniu-dnit] another name
of Kiehtan or Kauténtowit? Wetud-
manit, ‘the house God’, R. W. [wetu-
cm, my house, -anit]. Squduanit, ‘the
Womans God’, R. W. [squa, woman,
-anit). Muekquachuckquand, ‘the Chil-
drens God’, R. W.
boy, ibid.]. Nanepatishat, ‘the moons
God’, R. W. Paumpdgussit, ‘the Sea-
God’, R. W; ‘‘that deity or Godhead
which they conceive to be in the sea’,
ibid.; seesea. YVotdanit, ‘the fire God’,
R. W. [yote, fire, ibid.]; see fire.

gold. ‘‘These Indians call gold wassa-
dor, which argueth there is thereof in
the country’? (Archer’s Account of
Gosnold’s Voyage, 1602, 3 M. H. C.,
vu, 77). The Indians were those of
the mainland near Elizabeths island
(i. e. Cuttyhunk).

good, wunne, winne (wirre, willi), (it is)
good, (it is) well (in the abstract, the
possible, or subjectively ); wunnegen, (it
is) good, a good thing, good, pleasant,
fair (in the concrete, the actual, or ob-
jectively ); pl. wunnegenash, good things;
suppos. part. inan. wunnegik, (when it
is) good; a good thing, that which is
good: wahteouun wanegik kah machuk,
to know (that which is) good and evil,
Gen. 3, 5 (wunnégin, welcome! R. W.;
Del. wulik, the good, Hkw.). wunne
is largely used in the composition of

[muckquachucks,

BUREAU

good—continued.
words to express goodness, happiness,
good fortune, beauty, ete.: wunnetu,
(he is) good, a goodly man, a handsome,
rich, or prosperous man (wunnetode,
good, C.; wunnétu, proper and personal,
RaW.)

goods (cifects, property, res), maumachi-
ash: teaquash asuh maumach iash, ‘money
or stuff’, Ex.
pographieal error for maumachiuash],
goods, R. W.)

goose, hdnck, pl. honckock, R. W.; Narr.

Stiles; Peq. kohunk, Stiles;

wompohtuck, a goose, C. See brant

99

as,

7 (maumacniuash [ty-

co unkh,

goose.
gourd, quonmasq (quaénowask, a bottle
(madefromagourd?),C.). Fromqunni,
long, and ask, green vegetable or fruit.
govern,
governs, rules, protects (it); v. i. and

nanaanum, nanaeunnun, he
vy. t. an. nanawunnau, ndnaunnar (ana-
uonau, C.), he ruleth, governeth (ndnd-
wanumeeh, keep thou me, C.; nunnau-
nauwinyeuwam, I govern, Ubids)) 55 as

agent. nananuvdaen, nanuwunnuwden,
nananuaen, vraler, a governor (pl. nan-
anwachég, magistrates, rulers, C.); nana-
they who

dnoncheg, nanawunoncheg,

rule. See ruler.

grain.

grandfather, wwtt@tchikkinneasin, C.
(father’s father ?).

grandmother, okummes; kokummus, thy
grandmother, mother’s mother, 2 Tim.
1,5; but kokummes, ‘thy aunt’, Ley. 18,

See corn,

14 (wuttokummissin, C.).

grape, wenom-in, pl. wenominneash (we-
nomeneash, R. W.). See vine.

grass, moskeht, for maskehtu,
mask-ehtu, that which is green, or sup-

maskeht,

pos. n’ask-it, (when it is) green; pl.

moskehtuash, grass, pasturage, hay (ios-

kettiash, hay, C.; maskituash, grass or

hay, R. W.; oskosk, grass, C.); v. subst.
moshkehtua, itis grass; dim. moskehtuemes,

El. Gr. 12; mishaskeht, much grass.

From aske, unripe, immature, raw (ask-

win, ‘it is raw’, R. W.), from which by
duplication comes ashkoshki (askaski,
R. W.; askosque, C.)
green; meadow; medicine.
grasshopper, chunsomps (chdnsops qua-
shaun, a grasshopper jumps, C.).

, green. See flags;

qua-

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

grasshopper—continued.

quequeshont, suppos. part. an. from qua-
quequeshau, a double freq. from que-
shau, he leaps or jumps. Eliot uses
these words interchangeably for ‘grass-
The Mass. Ps.

(Ps. 78, 46) has chonsomps for ‘locust’,

hopper’ and ‘locust’.

and perhaps this name properly belongs
to the common cicada, popularly called
‘locust’.

grave (adj.), manunnu, (he is) grave.

See slow.

grave (n.), weenohke: woskeche weenohket,

on or above his grave; posekinausu wee-
nohkeit, laid
17; tuppdskinongash, graveclothes.
bury.

in his grave, John 11,
See

gravel, inamossompsquehtu (?), Ts. 48, 19.

| gray,

| great, mishe, mvissi (muss

wompishocki, C.; wompoquonat,
wompuhquonat, infin. to have gray hair
or be gray-headed; wompuhquou, he is
gray, hasagray head; n@-wompuhquom,
I am gray-haired; suppos. wompoquot,
when I am gray; suppos. part. “oh
wompuhquont, he who is gray (noh womp-
puhqua, he is gray, C.) [wompi, white,
and k’ progressive, becoming white].

, mishee, C.;

mishi, R. W.), great, large, big, abso-
lutely and not merely by comparison;
pl. adj. missiyeuash, (they are) great,
inan. obj. mishe is the usual form in
Eliot of the adj. and ady., missi for the
verb: mishe wetu, a great house; wetu

missi, the house is great, asin 2 Chr.
Esth. 1, 20; Eccl. 9, 13.

(nue mishe, dnue missi, or mohsag (see

Comparative

below), greater [im’sh, the indefinite
particle with the radical ’sh, expressing
excess, intensity, and perhaps primarily
Heckewelder gives (Del.)
chingue, large; chingue or inv chingue

greatness.

puschis, a large cat; n’chonschican, a
large knife; ‘still, it is easy to see that
m’chon in the latter word is derived
from chingue (2), large or great’? (Cor-
resp. 448). Elsewhere he gives meechek
achsinink, at the big rock (Words and
Phrases 459). The i’ certainly does
not belong to the root, which is identi-
cal with ornearly related to the -ash of
the inan. pl.].
m shik], suppos. concrete, a great thing,
i.e. a thing when it is great, great rela-

missag, mohsag [m’ sag,

TRUMBULL]

great—continued.
tively, great of its class or kind, of things
inanimate: mohsag wetu, ‘ the greater
house’, 2 Chr. 3,5; mohsag matcheseonk,
‘so great a sin’, Ex. 32, 21; ut mishik-
komukqut, in a great house, 2 Tim.
20 20's cl. | Del: above.
mogki, mogke, mukki, (it is) very great,
huge, ingens, immanis* (usually of
things inanimate); pl.
Gen. 41, 5 (mamockiuwash wéquananti-

nv’ chingue,

mogkiyewash,
ganash, ‘great lights’, i. e. the sun
and moon, R. W.); as n. mégagish,
magagish, great things; ef. mogkin-
num, mukkinum, he gathers together;
ogketam (aketam, R. W.), he numbers,
counts, adds up; see mogke keitotan-
Deut. 6, 10. The

root is k’ progressive or cumulative.

ash, great cities,

missugke, masugke, great, powerful,
mighty (of animate beings, with rela-
tion to position, importance, power,
ete., but not to magnitude); noh masug-
kenuk, he (who is) great; wame ma-
sugkenuk, the Almighty (Peq. manussha-
kect mundtu, the greatest god, Stiles) ;
pres. part. noh masugkenutche, the chiet,
and so the eldest (servant, Gen. 24, 2);
vbl. n. act. missugkenmonk, greatness, as
of a king, a warrior; see plenteous.
kehche (old, superior in age, therefore
chief), in compound words keht-, chief
or greatest, as in kehtequasseet [hkehte-
wusseet], the great toe; kehtaquanitch,
the thumb; keihtotan [keht-otan], a great
city; keihtannit [keht-dnit], the great
god (the Lord God, Gen. 24, 7); hence

kehtoh, the sea. See old; sea.

(*Nore.— This requires correction; mogke

signifies great by aggregation, as its related
words show: mishe wetu, a great house; mogke
keitotan, a great city.”

great (to make), misheheau, he makes
(him) great; suffix an. num-misheh, 1

exalt him; kwm-mish-esh, ‘I magnify |

thee’, Josh. 1, 7; inan. mishehtean, he

makes (it) great (mishowdnat, to brag

or swagger, C.).

green, ashkashki, ashkosqui, oshkoshque |

(askdski, R. W.; askosque, C.), green

(it is green): onatuh oshkoskq-ut, ‘as |
the green herb’, Ps. 37, 2; ashkoshquh-

’

pl. adj. and inan. pl. of verb

kontu, in the green, ‘in green pastures’

Pa 23,02"

ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY 271

green—continued.
subst. ashkoshkiyeuash, (they are) green,
Esth. 1, 6.;dimin. ashkosquese, greenish,
ashkuhquame, green (of a tree, as op-
posed to dry or dead), flourishing: ut
askuhquame-ut .. . w-nunohta-ut, “in the
green tree... inthe dry’, Luke 23, 31.
nishnoh askuhnk, ‘every green tree’;
17, 24
(askkosquesinneat, to begreen, C.). From
R. W.; askin, ©.), raw,
immature, unripe; by duplication ask-
ask-i, which is nearly related to asq,

askunkg, a green tree, Ezek.

aske (askin,

ashq, asquam, not yet, and wuske, new,

young, first in time. See grass.

grieve, neuantum, he grieves, is sorrow-
ful (nun-nohiam, 1 grieve, C.; 1 n0-
antam, I am grieved, R. W.); ahque
neuantamak, do not( you) grieve; vbl.n.
act. neuantamoonk, a grieving, sorrow,
grief (nmwantamme, sad, sorrowful, C.).

unkqianumau, onkquanumau, he is

grievously afflicted or is in great pain
orsorrow; vbl. n, act. unkquanwmnoonk,
onkg-, excessive grief or affliction [uh-
quae, unkque, at extremity, from vhq’, a
sharp point. See end. }.

grind, togkuhwhosu,
grinds in a mill (togguhhum, he grinds,
C.; tackhtimmin, to grind corn: tach-

togguhwhosu, he

humiinneda, beat me parched meal, R.
W.) [togk’, radical, he strikes or beats,
and ussu, verb of an. action]. sohqul-
tahham, sukquehttahham, sogquttahhan,
he breaks it into small pieces, bea s
(it) to powder, grinds (it) small or
fine; causat. inan. from sohqunnum, he
breaks in pieces, and that from sohqui,
(itis) fine, in powder. See beat; mortar;
strike.
groan,

groans; num-mishannémunun, We groan.

mishindmau, mishonémo, he
atiwohkontéwau, owohkontodu, auvakon-
toau, he groans (nuttouahkont6am, 1
groan, C.); vbl. n. act. auwakontawaonk,
diuhkéntowaonk, ahhaohhdmoonk, au-

wohhadmaonk, a groaning.

ground, ohke; nunnobohke. See dry;
earth,
grow, fannetu, it grows, is produced,

as a plant from the seed: asinekésog
pish tannetuog, thorns shall grow or be
brought forth, Gen. 3, 18.
na pish tannegen...

Elsewhere
mehtugquash, ‘there

9

~

72

BUREAU

grow—continued.
shall grow . . . trees’, Ezek. 47, 12.
nekin, nekun, it grows, is grown, as a
plant increases by growth: nache nekin,
it began to grow; pajeh...
. .. (when it was) grown; nish nehe-
wonche nekukish, things which grow of
themselves spontaneously, 2 K. 19, 29.
nekin means also he is born; suppos.
nekit, (when he is) born; infin. as subst.
wutch nekinneat, from the birth; see
birth; born. adtanekin=nekin; adtane-
gek, Matt. 6, 28, =negik, Luke 12, 27.
neetu, he or it grows, as a plant or an
animal: mishasq neetu, the rush grows
Job8, 11; nag neetuog, they grow (neetu,
he is born, Proy. 17, 17; Job 5, 7); vbl.
n. act. neetuonk, birth, =neekuonk. ke-
nuppétu, he grows, increases in stature
(grows rapidly): mukkies kenuppétu,
the child grew. kesittu, he is grown, has
attained full growth. kesukkin[neau],

he is growing up, is attaining full

growth; suppos. pajeh. . . kesukit, till

he ...is grown up. Cf. keesaqishin,

high water, R.W.; see produce; ripe;

sun. sonkin, sonkun, it springs forth,
shoots up, asa plant. See spring up.

guard. See watch.

guide, monchanau (he carries away, an.
obj.), he guides (him); suffix an. wm-
monchanuh, he guided them (kumm6-

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

nekik, until |

[BULLETIN 25

| guide—continued.
uchan-ish, I will conduct you; matichase,
be thou my guide; movichatea, a guide,
R. W.). sampwushanau, sampshanau,
he guides (them), conducts (them)
aright; suffix an. wussampshanuh, he
guides them; n. agent. sampwoshdssean,
aguide; part. pres. neg sampshanoncheg,
they who guide, guides, leaders [samp-
we, right].
| guilty, kesantam, he is guilty; nwk-kesan-
| tamunénun, we are guilty. kesohkdon-
tam, he is guilty; suppos. kesohkéontog,
when he is guilty (kesuhkotammonk,
guilt, Danf.; keesantamde, guilty, C.;
kesohkéadtamwe, guiltily, ibid.).
gull (a bird), Peg. uhpickachip, Stiles.
gun, péskunck, R. W. ‘‘Conceiving a
similitude between our guns and thun-
| der, they call a gun péskunck, and to
discharge peskhommin—that is, to thun-
R. W. neimpduog peskémwock,
thunderbolts are shot, ibid. Abn. ne-
péskam, je tire du fusil sur quelqu’un;
| agenni péskak? qui tire?, Rasles. The
| root is the same as in pashksheau, it
| bursts asunder with violence, through
pohsheau, it divides in two, and pdhshe,
half. Cf. Cree péoskoo-piithu, it bursts
(from within), as a gun, Howse 146;
paskesiggun, a gun, Howse 266-267.
gunpowder, suatipuck, R. W.; sabuck, C.

der’’,

Et

had (auxil.), mahche, mamahehe, aresome-
tfmes employed to form a pluperfect
tense. See have.

haddock, pdkonnétam, C. See codfish.

hail, musségon, Ps. 78, 48; 148, 8; mis-
segun, Rey. 16, 21 [missi-kon, great
snow °].

hair, meesunk, meissunk, meyausunk (me-
sunk, C.; wésheck, R. W.), human hair

of thehead, quanuhquoau, he has long |
hair, is long haired; pres. part. quaniwh- |

quoant, quinonuhquéant, having long
hair; vbl. quanonukquoonk (intippacuck,
R. W.), a (long) lock of hair.
gan, wishagkin (wésheck, hair, R. W.);
hair on the body or limbs of man or

wesha-

animals, wool (noohke shakinash, sott

| hair—continued.

wool, C.); verb subst. aweshaganu, he
hairy; pl. (his
hands) are hairy. Cf. Sax. sceacga;
Engl. shag, hair; Ethiop. sha-ky, hair-
cloth. Mr. Pickering, in his Ingex to
Eliot’s Grammar, gives ‘‘weshagan, hair
of animals’’. The meaning can not be
thus restricted. See beard.
wussuonk (?), hair growing on the body,
Lev. 19, 20, 21, 25, ete.
| half, pohshe, pdhshe, pohque (poquésu,
half [of an. obj.], R. W.; parishe, some,
opposed to wdme, all, R. W.). poh-
shinum ( paushiniim, R. W.), he divides
in two, he halves (it); pohsheau, it
divides asunder, cleaves in two. Cf.

is weshakinniimash,

wishshu-

TRUMBULL] ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY 2

half—continued.
Sansk. paksha, a side, a half; Zig. pas,
yek-pash, one-half; Engl. piece.

hand, m’nutcheg, menutcheg (menitcheg,
C.); wunnutcheg, wunnutch (wunnicheke,
R. W.), his hand; nun-nitchek, my
hand, Exp. Mayhew; pl. wunnutche-
ganash (wunniskégannash (2), R. W.),
his hands; ut wunnutchegan-it, in his
hand. From anit, primary form of
anunit; pl. neg anitcheg, they that
take hold of; suppos. part. of anunau
or anau, he takes hold of (him). »oh-
kéu, the right hand; wuttinnohkéu (un-
ninuhkée menitcheg, C.), his right hand;
nuttinnohkéu, my right hand; see
right hand. Perhaps for noh kéunuk,
hewhocarries. menadchu, the left hand
(mendtche menitcheg, C.); wmmenadchu,
his left hand; wt wnmenadcheanmout, in

their left hands (yo nmiinnatch, to the |

left hand (side of a path, etc.), R. W.);
menadchue, -chée (nummatchu, C.), lett-
handed. puttukqunitch [petukqui-nutch,
round hand], the fist; anomanutch
[anéme-nutch, within the hand], the
hollow of the hand; nogquanutch, the
palm of the hand.

handful, ydnitchan [ydnunum-nutch, he
shuts the hand; suppos. ydnitnutch,
when he shuts the hand].

handle, mohmussunnum, he handles (it);
freq. from mussunnum, he touches (it).

handsome, wunne, winne (wussinnu, he
makes handsome, adorns, C.; nasin, I
adorn, ibid.). See good.

hang, kechequabinau, he hangs (him);
pish kukkechequabinuk, he will hang
thee (kuk-keechequatibenitch, you shall

be hanged (I will hang thee), R. W.; |

nukkechiquabes peminneat, Tam choked
with a halter, C.); suppos. part. con-
crete, adt kechequabenittimuk, that upon
which or by which (he) is hanged, a
gallows. waashanau, he hangs (him);
ne waashunok, hang ye (him) thereon;
suffix an. muwadshanéuh, they hanged

him. wadshau, he hangs or is hanging; |

woh mwadshun, he may hang or be

hanged; suppos. part. inan. waashunk,

wooshunk, if it hang (upon him); nag

woushaog mehtugqut, they hang on the

trees, Josh. 10, 26. ogkachin,hogkwchin,

it hangs or is suspended, he is sus-
B. A. E., Bown. 25 18

aI
oo

hang—continued.
pended from [agwe-wutcheu]. wddshad-
tau, he hangs (it) on (him); ne wunooh-
shadtauunat wisg, to hang a vessel there-
on, Ezek. 15, 3.

happen, aspundau, ashpunau, spunau,
shpunau, usp-, ushp-, he encounters by
chance, he is happened to. The forms
of this verb are irregular; it is gener-
ally used intransitively after an animate
subject, which in an English transla-
tion becomes the object: ne ashpuna-
hettit wosketompaog, ne wut-ushpond-
neau puppinashimiwog; pasuk ushpundog
wame, ‘that which befalleth men, be-
falleth beasts, one thing befalleth them
[all]’; tatuppe uspundog wame (all are
happened to alike), ‘one event happen-
eth to them all’, Ecel. 2, 14; nagwame
... ushpunaog, ‘chance happeneth to
them all’, Eeel. 9, 11; tohwutch wame
yeu spunnaog, why is all this befallen
us? Judg. 6, 13; shpunnadti toh kod
shpunnai, ‘let come on me what will’,
Job 13,13. miskanau, mussuhkauau, he
encounters by mischance, he is hap-
pened to (restricted to the encounter of
evil or mischance): machukish . . . pish
ummiskcuduh, evils shall befall them,
Deut. 31, 17.

happy, wunniyeu, wurnnaiyeu [wunni-ev],
he is happy; anue wunniyeu, hap-
pier (sun... wunniyeuog? are they
well? C.); koni, thou art happy; onk
woh noni wutch ken, that it may be well
with me for thy sake, Gen. 12, 13;
kanaiimwo, ye are happy; suppos. part.
pl. neg wunniitcheg, they who are happy.
See good.

harbor. See haven.

hard, siogke (siokke, C.; sivickat, R. W.),
hard, difficult; siogkok, if it be hard or
difficult; pl. siégokish, hard matters or
things; vbl.n. siogkeyevonk, a hard mat-
ter, ‘hard saying’, John 6, 60. menuh-
ki, strong, unyielding, hard. See sour;
strong.

hare (?), méhtukqudsog (Ps. 104, 18),
ogkoshquog (Prov. 30, 26), ‘conies’, but
in Ley. 11, 5, 6 ‘cony’ and ‘hare’ are
transferred from the English. ockqut-
chaun [ogkushki~tehan (?), wet nose],
described by Roger Williams as ‘a
wild beast of a reddish hair, about the

274 BUREAU

hare (?)—continued.
bigness of a pig and rooting like a
pig’, was probably the woodchuck
(Arctomys monax ).

harlot, nanwunnadsquawaen-in, a harlot
or prostitute; nanwunnadsquaausuen-in,
one who is a prostitute in act, who
acts the harlot [n. agent. from verb
nanwunnodsquau-ussu}. manissquadsu,
mansquaésu, she commits fornication,
acts the harlot. See fornication; adul-
tery.

harm. See hurt.

harvest, kepenum, he harvests or gath-
ers the harvest (kepentimmin, to gather
corn, R. W.); kepenush, ‘reap thou’,
Rev. 14, 15; vbl. n. act. kepenu-
moonk, the harvesting, harvest; sup-
pos. impers. and part. pass. kepenwimnuk
(when it is harvested), the time of
harvest (niinnowa, harvest time; anoi-
ant, at harvest, R. W.; from nundeu,
it is dry (?); ’ninnawwaet, fall, autumn,
C.). See seasons.

hasten, kenupshau, he makes haste; ke-
nupshaush, hasten thou, make haste;

part. an.

hastening; freq. kakenupshont, making

great haste, going very swiftly; nag

kakenupshonitcheg, the swift (poten-

tially) [kenwppeu, it is swift or quick,

with the particle of violent action ’sh].

wapantam, he is in haste; nowdpdan-

suppos. kenupshont, when

tam, I am in haste, C.

hat. See cap.

hatch, pwohkuhhowau, (the bird ) hatches.
See Is. 34, 15; Jer. 17, 11.

hatchet. See ax.

hate, sekeneam, sekenam, he hates (it);
an. sekeneauau, he hates (him); suffix

they

act. sekeneaudonk, a

wussekenaouh,
hate him; vbl. n.
hating, hatred; sekeneausuonk, active
hating, hating in exercise; vbl. n. pass.
and recip. sekeneaadtuonk, a being
hated, reciprocity of hatred, en-
mity; vbl. n. inan. act. sekeneammonk, ¢
hating of (inan. obj). Primarily seke-
neai signifies he refuses, rejects, hence
manifests an aversion to, hates. Cf.
suhkou, he spits (nis-suke, I am spiteful
or mischievous, C.). Del. kschingdlel,
I hate you, Hkw. jishantam, he
loathes, despises, hates (nut-jishantam,

wussekencauduh,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

hate—continued.
I hate, I despise, C.); an. jishanumau,
he hates (him).

| haughtiness, qunuhqunneunkqussuonk,
by reduplication from qunanunkqui,
high, and ussu, verb of action, he acts
very high; vbl. in-onk, very high acting.
See proud.

have (auxil.), mahche (after, thereafter).
A word which expresses completed ac-
tion or the end of action, that which
has been, was employed as an auxiliary
to the verb in forming the perfect and
pluperfect tenses (maut, maht-, mauch-,
mésh-,R. W.; num-mahche, Lhave; kum-
mache, thou hast, ete., C. Cree ghee,
‘have’; Chip. ke or ge): ne mahche,
that which hath been, Ecel. 8,15; wr-
mahche ussen, he hath done it, Is. 44, 2¢
(tashin mésh commarg? how much haye
yougiven? R. W.; mat mésh-nawménash,
I did not see those things; nwm-maut-

aukeeteatimen, I have done planting,
| R.W.). Cf. mahtsheau, it decays, fails
comes to an end; majish, maumachish,

at last (mauchathom, a dead man,
See

R. W.); mahchinau, he issick, ete.
had.

or owns (nuttohtd, I have, I possess (it);
nutahtou, Lhave; kutahtoup, thou hadst;
noh ahtou, he has; nag ahtoog, they
| had, C.); suppos. noh ohtunk, he who

has, the neg oltunkeg, the
| owners or possessors; vbl. n. ohitedonk,

owner,

ahtéonk, a haying, a possession; vbl. n.
pass. or suppos. part. inan. ohteuk, pos-
sessed, had, owned; hence a field, land
cultivated, inclosed, or to which the
idea of ownership attaches (ahtéuk, soil,
| afield, C.). See belong to.
| haven, harbor, kobpog, kobpaonk, kup-
| pohkomuk, kuhpéhkomuk, koppémuk,
| kobpaonk, ete., all derived from kup-
| pohham, kobham, he shuts close, closes
up, which is from kuppi, kuppiyeu, it is
close, thick, dense; suppos. kobpog,
when it incloses or closes up; act. vbl.
kobpaonk, a closing or making close;
kuppohkomuk [kuppi-komuk], a closed
place, a covert, ete.
hawk, Ley: 11, 16;
shaog, Deut. 14, 15; mashquanon, Job
39, 26 (wushéwunan, R. W.). Cf. qun-

quanunon, ow6oh-

TRUMBULL]

hawk—continued.
nono, ‘lion’; quohqunnonou, ‘grey-
hound’.

he, she, ewd, R.W. (Muh. wwoh, Edw. );
noh, he, she; ndgum, him, her, El. and
C. (Del. neka, nekama, Hkw.). Strictly
regarded, noh is a demonstrative and
relative pronoun, corresponding to the
inan. demonstrative ne; ewd [iio] is the
proper personal, represented by w’, wv’,
or @’ as a prefix, and ’oh or’uh as a
suffix, in the 3d pers. sing. of verbs,
ete.: nen nnoh [nen ne-noh], I am he,
Ts. 41, 4; noh anakausit, he who labor-
eth [anakausu (without prefixed pro-
noun), he laboreth]; wttiyewwoh? where
is he? John 7, 11; noh neen, I am he,
i.e. lam that man of whom you speak,
John 9, 9; howan noh? who is he? i. e.
that he, v. 36 (ut noh, in him; ut ndgum,
to him; nashpe ndgum, with him,
C.; matta ne, matta no, not that (house),
not that (man), ibid.; yo dppitch ewd,
let him sit there; avatin ewo? who is
that? R. W.; Del. na nipauwit, he that
stands there, Hkw., =noh népau, El.).
wuhhog, his body, himself [w’hogk, his
body] (wuhdck, the body, R. W.):
nashpe wuhhogk-uh, by himself, Heb.
6, 13. nuttaiheh, he belongs to me, he
is mine: nen wuttaiheuh, 1 belong to
him, I am his, Cant. 2, 16; pl. nish
wuttaihe-ash, the things which are his;

See this.

head, muppulkuk, muhpuhkuk, a head;
uppuhkuk, his head; kuppuhkuk, thy
head [m’puihkuk, the hollow; from

wuttaihe, his.

puhki, puhpuhki, it is hollow]. -ontup,
head (summit, top), in compound

words, as chepiéntup [chippe-ontup, sep-
arated head], a skull (tsipanaiitep, téte
de mort, Rasles); elsewhere, wuskonén-
tup (bone head), a skull (muskonontip,
C.); wompontup (white head), a white
or hoary head; kodtantup, the top or
crown of the head (the scalp?) (wppa-
quontup, the head; nuppaquéntup, my
head, R. W.; Abn. metep, téte; netep,
ma téte; 3d pers. Step).

headdress (?), chetuhquab, ‘a crown’.

heal, neetskehhuau, he heals or cures
(him). See cure.

health, vbl. n.

pass. neelskehettuonk,

health produced or restored, a being |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|
|
|
|
}

275

health—continued.
cured; act. wunnanumdonk, health, well-
being; sun wunnuhketeaonkannu? is ita
healthy time, is it healthy? C. See
well.

heap, kohkuhquag, kuhkuhquag (when it
is heaped up, made high), a heap, a
summit, the top [from kuhkuhqueu, he
goes up, ascends].
made full), nomunkquag (when it is
made full), a heap;

numwonkquau (it is

nanomwonkquaeu
nano nunquaash, “heaps upon heaps’,
Judg. 15, 16 [from numwaeu, it is full,
and unquaeu, it exceeds, or extremely J.

sokenug, a heap of corn, R. W. ‘The
women of the family . dry the

corn in round broad heaps’’, ibid.
[pass. part. suppos. from sokenwm, he
pours (it) out: when it is poured out].

hear, nmtain C.), he
hears (it), nunnaotam, I hear (nunn@-
tam, C.); na@tash, hear thou; an. nwtah
(ken notah, C.), hear thou me; nmtau,
he hears (him); suppos. natiit, when he
hears; noh notiit, he who hears, may
hear; vbl. n. nwtammonk (nawtamtionk,
C.),a hearing.

hearken, kukkeitau, kuhkeihtau, he
hearkens to (him), he listens with at-
tention to (him); suffix kukkehtah,
hearken thou to me; noh kukkeitok, to
him ye shall hearken (nétop kikkita,
friend, hearken to me, R. W.; kuh-
kehtam, he hearkens (to it, inan.), C.).

(noh notam,

heart, metah [m’tah], a heart; nuttah,

my heart; kuttah, thy heart: wuttah,
his heart (wuttah, R. W.; Muh. wtoh,
Edw.; Del. w’dee, Hkw.; Minsi uchdee,

Barton; Alg. othai, McK.). Pro-
nounced, says Duponceau, as ‘the

German dee or tee (English day or
tay)’’, Notes to El. Gr. xi, xii.

heat, kussittaw (it is warm), the heat of

the sun, natural heat.
soppag (when it is hot), great heat (by
the action of fire); vbl. n. kussoppissu-
onk [from kussoppissu, he is hot], heat,
an inflammation (kissopetteahddnk, fer-
vency or heat, C. ).
heats (it), makes it hot; suppos. part.
inan. kussampskussuk, when it is heated.
See hot.

heath-cocks, ReaWe
Probably the Tetrao cupido or pin-

kussopittag, kos-

kussampskussum, he

aunckuck-quanog,

heed,

hell, chepiohkomuk.

BUREAU OF

heath-cocks—continued.

nated grouse, formerly very common
in New England, though now rare, but
possibly Tetrao umbellus, the ruffed
grouse, pheasant, or ‘partridge’ of
Massachusetts and
named for the beauty of its plumage:
aunakeu, he is painted, decorated with
paint; pl. aunakeuck, they are painted,
R.W.

heaven, kesuk (kéesuck, R.W.; Peq. keesk,
Stiles; Hkw. gischuch, Del. ), the visible |
heavens, the sky: keswk kah ohke, the |

heaven and the earth, Gen. 1,1. See

sun.

heavy, lohkequn, tuhkequan, (itis) heavy;

tuhkequog, that which is heayy (tuhké-
quan, heavy, C.; kuckqissaqun, kukqis-
suckqun, you are heavy; qusstiequn,
heavy, R. W.).

takes heed,
acts cautiously (as if in danger); nun-
nukqussish, take heed to thyself, be-

nunnukqussu, he

ware; nunnukqussitch, let him take heed
(nen nunnikqus, L beware, C.; act. inan.
nunnukqussuontash keitoh, beware of the
sea, C.); act. an. NunnuUkqussuonu, he
takes heed of (an. obj.). Cf.
que, (it is) dangerous; nunnikquodtut,

in peril, in danger. See dangerous.

heel, mogquan (mogquén, C.), a heel;

wogquan, wogquoan, his heel; pl. --ash.
From mogquen, it is enlarged, is more
great, swells, protuberates. Hence, too,
mogquén, a boil or tumor (Webster
suggests with a query the alliance of
with Greek «K”An, a

English heel

tumor).

height, sohkunkquok, sohkunkquodt, advy.,

in height (with measure of elevation or
altitude), ne sohkunkquok, its height.
ne anwmhque spanogkog, ne anahqueu
spongok (?), its height from bottom to
top, Gen. 6, 15; Ex. 25, 10, =ne sohk-
Wx2ezo:

unkquok, 23, =ne anaohque

spohtag, Ex. 27,1, =ne ashpohtag, Ex.
37, 1, =ne ashptihtag, Ex. 37, 10, =ne
kédtunkquag, Ex. 30, 2, =ne ohshpohtag,
Ex. 37, 25, =ne sohkonkog, 1 K. 6, 2.
sohkonkqussuonk, height of a man or an,
obj.; wussohkonkqussuonk, his height

[sonkuk, when it shoots up, asa plant]. |

See high.
See devil.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

| helmet, wppuhkukqut (on

Connecticut. So |

| hide (n.).

nanuk-

[BULLETIN 25

his head);

muhpuhkukqut (on a head).

help, annumau, anninnumau, he helps

(him); suffix wat-anniimaoh, he helped
them; anninnumeh, help thou me (kut-
tinnummi? will you help me? neen-kut-
timnum-ous, I will help you, R. W.).
Primarily: to give to, to bestow upon.
See give.

hemp.

hen, mdénish, ndinpash, a hen, a cock, C.;
monsh, a cock, El.

her.

here, yeu, yeuut, in this place; opposed
to naiit, there, in that place. See this.

hereafter, ompetik: nish pish ompetak
énagish, the things which shall be
hereafter, Is. 41, 23; Rev. 1, 19; 4, 1
(ompetag, shortly, C.).

herring (?), dmmis, pl. oimmissuog, her-
ring, C.;

See flax.

See he.

fish somewhat
likea herring, R. W.; Peq. umpsuauges,
alewives, Stiles.

auumnstiog, a

See menhaden.

See skin.

hide (y.), adtahtau, adtahtou, he hides
(it); nut-adtahtau-un, I hide it; adtah-
taush, hide thou it (attahtoutinat, to
hide, C.).
ceals (himself or another person); adt-
ash, hide thou (them); sutix awut-tat-
tashuh, he hid them. puttogqueu, he
hides himself, is hid; prttogquesh, hide
thyself; vbl. n. puttogwhonk [= puttog-

adtashaii, he hides or con-

queu-onk}, a covering or hiding; put-
togquequohhou, that which serves to
hide, a veil.
hides (it), lit. he covers it over (put-

puttagham, puttughun, he

toghumunat poshkissuonk, to cover one’s
nakedness, C.).
he hides (it): nut-onkhum nuskesuk, I

onkhum, he covers (it),

hide my face; vbl. n. onkwhonk, a coy-
ering (screen or curtain, ete.); an. onk-
whau, he hides or covers (him).

high, quanunkque, (it is) high, tall (qui-

nuhqui wetu, a high house, C., qui-
nihque, highly, ibid.); quanunkque
quanunkque, very high, quanunkquoh-

teau, he is high, i. e. elevated. qun-
nunkqussu. (qurnatiqussu, R. W.; qui-
nukquésu, C.), he is high orjtall. From

gunni, long.

high place, kodtuhkoag, kodtohkéag, kod-
uhkéag, a high place, the summit of a
mountain or hill; as adj. ut kodtuhkée

TRUMBULL]

high place—continued.
wadchu-ut, on the top of the mount
[kodt-ohke? Cf. kodt-ontup, the top of the
head]. kogkussohkoag, a high place; pl.
+ish, 1 Sam. 13, 6 [suppos. redupl. of
kussohkoi].
(high) peak or point of rock or earth;
kussohkoiompsk, ‘a sharp rock’, 1 Sam.
14, 4; en kussohkoiyewe wadchu-ut, into
a high mountain, Is. 40, 9 [from kéus,
ukgs, anything sharp or pointed].

hill, wadchuemes, pl. --ash {dimin. of
wadchu, mountain]; en wadchue ohkeit,
‘to the hill country’; wadehuekontu,
‘in the hill country’ (Del. wachtschiink,
on the hill, Hkw. ).

himself, wuhhog; see he. wultin, wut-
tinne, he himself, ille ipse. Though
Eliot mentions tin, tinne as ‘suppletive
syllables of no significance, but for
ornament of the word’ (Gr. 23), it
is evident enough that they were em-

ployed to give emphasis to the pronoun |

when separated from the verb. From
ewd, the pronoun of the third pers.
sing., was formed the verb wuttinnaiin-
neat [wut-unneainneat], to be like or
such as [unre] himself; see kind (n.).
nehewonche, of himself, sua sponte.
hinder, wuttameheau, he troubles, dis-
turbs, hinders (him); ahque wuttamheh,
do not trouble me (kotdimmish, I hinder

you; cotammume, cotamme, you trouble |

me, R. W.; katamehish, I hinder you;
notamehhiwam, I hinder, C.). See
trouble.

hind parts, wutumiyew (wutlomiyen, be-
hind, as prep., C.); otdmiyeu, his hind
parts; ut wutamiyen, ‘into the draught’,
Matt. 15, 17. See behind.

hip, mobpee [m’obpi], a hip, upper part
of the thigh, ham (éapwas, a hip, C.;
apome, the thigh, R. W.);
kuppidog, thy thighs; wobpe, his thigh.

kobpidog,

Cf. mehquau, athigh. ,
hire, onkquotteau, onkquatau, he hires
(him), pays (him) wages: kut-onkquat-

oush, ‘I will give thee hire’, 1 K.5, 6 |

(kut-tavinekquittaunch, 1 will pay you,
Rew)
ice, he hires (him)
will hire you, R.W.).
his, wuttaihe.

annonau, he employs in sery-
(kuttanna@nsh, I
See recompense.

See he.

kussohkéi, kussohkoiyeu, a |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY Diath

| his own, nehenwonche, hisown, theirown,
of himself, sua sponte( wunnehenwonche,
their own, C.).

hiss, maunwwonat, tohiss; noh MOnodWwan,
he hisseth, C. quekse [quek-ussu], he
hisses; queksoog, they hiss, Lam. 2, 16
| [lit. they make quacking, quek-ussuog,
| onomatopoetic]; queksuman, quekussu-
| mau, he hisses at (him).
hither, yew nogque (toward this place,
in this direction): yeu nogque in kah yd
| in, hither and thither (yewnogque, this
way, C.; Del. yu vindachqui, this way,
to this side, Hkw. ).
| ho! chuh! interjection of calling: chuh!
ken, quskish! ‘ho! such a one, turn
| aside!’ Ruth 4, 1 (chuh namuk! behold!
(C))E
hoarse, tanne ontowdonk, a hoarse voice,
C.

hoe, anaskhain, he digs, he hoes (ands-

kig, pl. +-anash, hoes; anaskhomwdutow-
win, a breaking-up hoe; anaskhomimin,
| to hoe or break up (the earth) ; anask-
| homuwock, they hoe, R. W.). See weed.
| hog, ockquichaun, pl. +nug, R. W., ‘a
| wild beast of a reddish hair, about the
bigness of a pig and rooting like a pig,
from whence they give this name to
all our swine’. The animal named by
R. W. is the groundhog or woodchuck
(Arctomys monax). Mr Judd, in Gen,
Register, x1, 219, identifies the ‘wood-

shau’, ‘woodschock’,* and “wejack’ of

| the early fur traders with the ‘fisher’
or ‘wallaneag’ (Mustela canadensis).
See fisher. I suspect that ‘ woodchuck’
is corrupted from the aboriginal name,
and that the dictionary reference, ‘See
chuck’, as a guide to the etymology, is
wrong.

hoist, ushpunnun, ashpunnun, he hoists
or lifts (it) up: ushpunnumwog sepdg-
hunk, they hoist the sail. waucaipunish,
hoist up (the sail), R. W. See hold.

| hold, kéunwm, he holds in the hand, ear-

ries, bears (it). See bear(v.). kinunau,
he holds or carries (an. obj. ): wkkin-
| unoh, she beareth them, Deut. 32, 11;
| suppos. part. an. kénunont ahtompeh,
‘handling the bow’; kénunont anogqsoh,
holding thestars (in hishand, Rey. 2,1).

[freq. and intens. from

kogkéunum

278 BUREAU

hold—continued.
kéunum), he holds habitually or con-
tinues to hold (it), he holds (it)
strongly, lays hold of it. menuhkinwm,
he holds (it) fast, takes a strong hold
of (it); nummenuhkinnum, 1 hold fast
(I hold, C.); menuhkenish, hold thou it
fast [menuhki, (it is) hard, strong,
firm]. swmmdgunun wunniutcheg, he
holds out (stretches out) his hand; see
stretch out. ushpunum wunnutcheg, he
holds up (lifts up) his hand; suppos.
aspunug wunnutcheganash, when he held
up his hands, Ex. 17, 11.
wequananteg ut wunnutchegut, he holds a
lamp in his hand.
cheg, he holds up (raises up) his hands.

wuttinnum

waapinumn munnut-

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

hold (to take), tohqunaw mosquoh, he |

catches a bear; see catch. wuttannun
wusseetut, he takes hold of (catches him
by) his feet; noh anuwmwoh anunont weh-
tauogut, he who takes a dog by the ears,
Prov. 26, 17.

hole, wénogq, pl. wonogquash [wonogku,
éwonogku, he burrows, has a_ hole];
wonogquash, pits, holes, or dens of wild
beasts; excavations. pukqui, (there is)

a hole, an orifice; suppos. inan. puk-

quag, a hole or hollow (the eye of a

needle, Mark 10, 25); by reduplication |

puppuhquag. See bore.

homage. See tribute.

home, wi wekit (at his house, to his
house), at home, to home (2wettudmack,
at home, R. W.). mat appu, he is not at
home (mat apet, R.W.). niekquénum,

T am going home, ‘‘ which is a solemn

word amongst them,...

sweetness even of these short temporal

homes’”’, R. W. (Del. 1’ matschi, I will

go home, Hkw.).

confessing the

honor, quitidnum, quehtianum, he honors,
shows honor to; quttidnwmak ketassot,
honor ye the king; with an. obj. quttid-
numau, he honors (him); quitidnum
kash, honor thou thy father (ef. queh-
tam, he fears). quttidiutam, he honors
(it), i. e. regards it as honorable (qut-
tiantamwe, honorable, C.); vbl. n. pass.
quitidnittuonk, the being honored, honor
received.

hoof, mihkos, mihkas [m’uhkéus, a sharp |

point]; pl.

hoofs:

nails,
horses’

muhkossog, claws,

‘horsesekossoq’, hoofs,

horn, askon; wutaskon, his horn.

[BULLETIN 25

hoof—continued.

29.

Judg. 5, 22; wuhkossog, his (or its)
hoofs (mokassuck, nails, R. W.; mooh-
kos, a hoof, C.). neesukossau, he parts
the hoof [neese-uhkos, two-nailed]; part.
an. neesukossont, parting the hoof. pas-
sukkossau, ‘he divides the hoof’ (?), Lev.
11, 7 (cf. verses 4, 5, 6); from pasuk-
uhkos, single nailed or haying an un-
divided hoof (?). See claws; nail.

hook, whqudn, uhquoan, uhquon, a hook,

a fishhook (uhquon, C.; hoquaiin, pl.
-atinash, R. W.; Del. aman, a fishhook,
Hkw.). om, Matt.17, 27. sohsegkinnit-
tum@ (it hooks or fastens), pl. +-ug,
‘hooks’, ‘taches’, Ex. 26, 6, etc.; soh-
sogkittikeu, it is hooked or fastened;
from sogkunum, he catches or clasps

it, hooks on to it. Cf. sogkepm [sogk-

upp@], he bites; sogkemas,agnat. See
end.
hope, «anndéosu (noh annodsu, C.), he

hopes; niut-annéus (nut-anndous, C.), I
hope; suppos. anndéosit, when (or if) he
hopes; vbl. n. act. annéosuonk, annoai-
suonk (annodsstionk, C.), a hoping, hope,
expectation.

Not
distinguishable from (if not identical
with) dskon or askon, a raw hide or
undressed skin, as well as muskon [i as-
kon?], a bone; wuskon, his bone. Cot-
ton gives oskén, a hide; weween, a horn.
The latter is evidently from waéenu, it

winds around, is curved. See bone.

hornet, aohkéaumms, Josh. 24, 12; but

bee, Ps. 118, 12. See bees.

horse, nahnaiyeumboadt, a horse, a crea-

ture that carries, C.
substantive, transfers

Kliot, for the
the English
‘horse’, ‘horsesog’, but has noh naw-
mukqut horsesoh, he who rides a horse,
and nawmukqutcheg, nayeumukqutcheg,
horsemen, riders (wunnia naynayotime-
wot, he rides on horseback, R. W.),
from nayeutam, he carries or bears it
(upon his person); an. nayeau, he car-
ries (him); pass. part. nayeumuk, carried ;
hence, actively, riding. See bear. Del.
nanayunges, vhorse, formed from awesis,
a beast (?), from which the last sylla-
ble is taken (?), and nayundam, to
earry a burden on the back or shoul-
ders, Hkw. Corresp. 402.

TRUMBULL]

hot, kussittau (kussiittah, R. W.), itis hot,
with reference to the heat of the sun,
the weather, or natural heat; kosittag,
kdsittag, késohtag (suppos. part. inan.,
when it is hot), the heat of the day
(kesa@sinneat, to be warm; nuk-keswap, I
am warm, C.; kdusitteks, hot weather,
R.W.). kussopdsit, when it is warm
[suppos. from kussopeasu, dim. (?), a lit-
tle hot]. An. subj. kussoppussu [kuss-ap-
wosu], he is hot (nuk-kissdpis, lam hot;
nuk-kisseeppeis, I itch; kussuppesinneat,
to be hot, C.); vbl. n. kussoppissuonk

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|
|
|
|

(a heating of the person), inflamma-_

tion. kussopittaeu, itis hot, by the action
of fire, made hot, heated, made very hot;
as adj. kussdépittde, kussépetde, hot; sup-
pos. inan. kussoppag, (when it is) very
hot (vbl.n. kissopetteahdonk, fervency or
heat, C.; this is formed from a causat.
verb kussopetteahhuau, he makes it to be
hot). kussampskussum, he heats or
makes hot (a furnace, oyen, or the
like). The root in all these words is
ohkus (6kus), as in m’kussa, a burning
coal, from which, too, in the suppos.
an. form, may perhaps be derived kesuk,
thesun; seesun. Cf.Gr. Kaiw;Kavew;
Kabvo1s; ai$w@, to burn; azénp, the
empyreal region, the sky; €Ay, e€7An,
heat of the sun; 77Azos.

house, wétu, El. Gr. 11; neek, nek, my
house; keek, thy house; week, wek, his
house: ut wekit, in his house; ut weeku-
wout or in his (their)
house; ‘‘hence we corrupt this word,
wigwam”’, El. Gr. 11(wétu, ahouse; wetu-
émuck noteshem, I came from the house;
wetuomuck, at home; nékick, my house;
kékick, your house, R. W.);

wekuwomut,

weetu ne

weetimuk, ‘a tent to dwell in’, Is. 40, 22; |

pl. wetuomash; ut weetudmut, on the
house, in the house or houses.
evidently the 3d pers. sing. indic. of a
verb which can not be accurately trans-

lated into English, but to which ‘he |

makes his home’ approximates, and

week (weeg) appears to be the supposi- |

tive form of the same verb. From this
last comes weekinneau, he lives in or
occupies a house; weekitteau, he builds a
house; an. wekuhkau, he builds (is build-
ing orconstructing) a house for (any per-
son or an. obj.); vbl. n. weekitteaonk, a

wétu is |

house—continued.
building. Nearly related are: weetomau,
he lives with (another); weetomp, a
friend, kinsman; weetahtu, a sister (1wee-
tauoog, they live together, Ind. Laws);
wéetauomau, he takes (her) as a wife,
i. e. to his house; weetauadteog, they
marry or are married (awetawdtuock,
they make a match, R. W.); ef. neetu,
he is born, he is produced, he or it
grows; birth; nekit, (when
he is) born, ete. komuk (an inclosed
place), an English house or building
other than a dwelling house, rarely
employed except in compound words:
woskeche komuk, the top of the house,
on the roof; quanunkque komuk (a high
building), a tower; maumachie komuk

neetuonk,

asuh meechumeekomuk (meechimukkomuk,
C.), ‘store house or barn’, Luke 12, 24
(maayeakomuk, a meeting house; chippi-
kémuk, a chamber, C.).

how, toh, tohhen: tih kittedshe? toh kutteas-
hish? how many times?; tohhen nohnom-
pu? how often?; tohuttwche? how long?
(tou? R. W., a general interrogative,
where? how? what? ete.: tou antickqua-
que? tountickquaque? how much?; tou-
niickquaque yO wuche? how far from
hence? R.W.; ultoh unnuhkithquat? how
far?; uttoh[ut-toh ]missi? how great?; uttoh
unni2? what manner? C.). tohsu? tahshe?
tohshe? how much?; pl. tohshinash? tah-
shinash? tohsiiash? how many?; an. toh-
stiog? how many persons? (tohshe, so
much; ne tohshit, so often; tohtohshinnash
kestikodash? how many days? C.; tashin?
how much?; tashinash papdénash? how
many winters?; an. pl. tahshincheck?
how many? R. W.). uttoh [to what,
ut-toh], how, as ady. of comparison:
uttoh en wunnegen, how beautiful (awttoh
missi, how great, C.).

howl, mishontoodnat, to roar; mishontoo-
ahpuhsinneat, to howl; nwim-mishonto-
oahpuhs, [how], C. (?). ana, he howls
or yells; wmnwog, they howl; vbl. n.
@naonk, howling. See shout; roar.

humble (adj.), hohpdu, he is humble;
hohpde (hohpme, C.), humble; n. agent.
hohpdénv, one who is humble, suppos.
part. pl. nag hohpacheg, hohhohpacheg,
ahhohpdcheg, ohhohpanutcheg, the hum-
ble; ybl. n. hohpaonk, humility.

280 BUREAU OF
humble (y.), hohpahehheau, he makes
(him) humble, he humbles (him).
hundred,
mash: nequt pasukmog, one hundred
(persons); yauut pasukoe kodtumude,
for four hundred years, lit. yearly to
the four-hundredth
one hundred, R. W.; nequt passiikoo or

(nquit pawsuck,
passitkoog, C.).

hungry, kodtuppo, he is hungry; nuk-
kodtup, I was hungry (n’cdttup, T am
hungry, R.W.; nuk-kodtup, C.); sappos.

noh kodtupwit, he who is hungry, pl.-
nag kodtupwutcheg; n. agent. kodtupwen |

[for kodtuppoeén], a hungry man [from
kod-uppo, he desires to eat]. paskd-
nontam, he is extremely hungry, he
starves or is starving; noh nahen nup-
poe paskanontam, he is like to die with

hunger; vbl. n. paskdnontammonk, starv- |

ing, extreme hunger. See eat; starve.
hunt, he hunts, is hunting
(auchati, he is gone to hunt or fowl;

adchaeu,

n'tauchatimen, | go to hunt; auchatituck,
let us hunt, R. W.; nuttahehun, I hunt,
C.; Del. yul’ allauwitan, come, let us go
a-hunting, Hkw.); vbl. n. audehaonk,
hunting (the game taken by hunting,

Proy. 12, 27); n. agent. adchaen, aud- |

chaen, a hunter (adchdénin, a fowler,
Cs
mals or live game); adchanaog, they
hunt; suppos. part. adchanont, (when)

neen, nen; pretixed n’, nut (nen, R.
W.; nen, C.; Del. ni, Hkw.):
Tam he. The characteristic » of the
first person fills the place that in several

nen nnoh,

other languages, Semitic and Aryan, is |

assigned to the principal consonant of
the pronoun of the second person. It
may be denominated 7’ demonstrative.
With the Indian all action began or
centered in self. én, the reduplicated

demonstrative, was the emphatic ‘this |

one’; hence enin, man; ninnu, male;

unni, any (one person or thing of the |

kind spoken of), as well as ne, this
;

(thing); na, these; noh, he who, that

person; nag, they; neane [ne-unni], so

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

an. pastikeog, ian. pastik- |

V.t.an. adchanau, he hunts (ani-

[BULLETIN 25

| hunt—continued.
hunting; oh adchanont, he who hunts;
with inan. obj. adchontam winnehtuonk,

he hunts his prey, Job 38, 39. See
strive after.
hurl, togkonat qussukquanash, to hurl

stones (from a sling, 1 Chr. 12,2); v. i.

togkau, togko, he hurls, he strikes. See
strike.

hurry. See hasten.

hurt, woskheau, woskéheau, he hurts,

injures, does harm to (him); suppos.
part. an. woskeheunt, harming, hurting
(when he hurts); mat pish kawoskhuk-
ko, he shall not hurt thee; negat. im-
perat. woskehetihkon, do him no harm
| (woskehheaog wuhhogkauh, they hurt

themselves, C.; nmwoskheum, I hurt,
| ibid.); pass. noowoskhit, I am hurt;
| adj. woskehiurde, hurtful; ybl. n. act.,

woskehuwaonk (a hurting), hurt, vio-
lence; vbl. n. woskehittuonk,
violence suffered (a being hurt), a
wound; n. agent.
who hurts or harms, ‘the spoiler’.

pass.,

woskehhuwaen, one

Cf.

wusqheonk, blood.

husband, wasukeh, wahsukeh, the hus-
band of, (her) husband (wdsiek, R. W.;
wastikkion, wastkkien, a husband, C.);
nasuk, my husband; kasuk, thy hus-
band; kahsukowoog, your husbands.
husks, wuhhogkomminneash; ut wuhhog-

| komunit, to the husk.

ali

| I—continued.

as, thus; nan, nenan, the same; n’nih,

it is so, that is, ete. (ef. Engl. thou,

they, the, this, that, then, thus, there).

nuttinne, I myself, ipse. See
kind (n.).

ice, kuppadt, kuppdd (capat, R.W.; Peq.
kuppat, Stiles); suppos. from kuppieu,
it is closed: when it is closed up or

ego

stopped.
lidle, sesegenam, sasegenam, he is idle
| (habitually, by reduplication from
| segenam, he is indolent, slothful; see
slothful, slow); n. agent. sesegenamwen,
an idle man; vbl. n. sesegeneammonk
| (sdsekeneammonk, C.), habitual idleness.

TRUMBULL]

idle—continued.
nanompanissichick (pl. ), idle persons, R.
W.; vbl. n. nanompanissiionk, idleness,
C. [from nanompanwau, he begs?}.
idol, nunneukontunk, nunnikontunk (nin-
nukéntonk, C.), an image, an idol.
if, tohneit: tohneit nenag, if it bo so.
image. See idol.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

imitate, nuttianndu, I imitate; aiannau-

onate, to imitate, C.; ef. etyane (aianne,

C.), kinds of, or of the kind of. See
like; likeness.
immediately, teanuk (teino, R. W.),

quickly, suddenly, immediately.

immerse, towopham, he puts (it) into
the water, hence he soaks, he seethes,
ete. (towwopskhémmke, ‘cast anchor’,
R.W.). Cf. chauopham weyaus, he boils
flesh (chowwdphash, cast it overboard,
R. W.); nepataush sabaheg, he seethes
pottage.

impossible. See possible.

in.
(Nore.—Left unfinished. See ut.]

increase, mishehteau, he increases (it),
he makes (it) great; pish mishehteauun,
it shall be increased, made great.
machekohteau, he inereases (it), he has
very much of (it). More commonly in-
crease is expressed by nano, signifying

‘more and more’ (El. Gr. 15): nano |

missi, it increaseth (is more and more
great); nano waantam, he increaseth in
wisdom (is more and more wise); nano
monatash (inan. pl.), they increase in
number.

indolent. See slothful; idle.

infant, peisses [for peississu, he is] very
small, an infant (of eithersex); intens.
papeissu. (papoos, R. W.; Peq. poup-
pous, Stiles); suppos. peississit, pupeissi
when he is very small: noh pe
the smallest child, ‘he who is least’,
Matt. 11, 11; peississit ketompas, thy
younger sister, Ezek. 16, 46; suppos.
part. (pl.) nag papeississitcheg, infants,
very small children. From
peaeu, it is small; dim. pease, peasin
(suppos. peasik), and papéase (suppos.
papéasick), itis very small; papéase-ussu
(contr. papeissu), he is very small.
child, boy, giri, ete. (Del. pilawesis, a
boy; pilawetit, a male infant babe; que-
tit, a female infant babe, Hkw.)

peawe,

See |

281

inform, nuhtinau, he shows (it) to (him),
he informs (him) of (it);
show thou (it); nahtusseh, show thou
(it) to me (nunndhtin, I show, C.);
causat. inan. from ndaw (he sees): he
makes him see it; cf. nehtau, show
thyself to (him), 1 K. 18, 1. wahteau-
wahuau [causat. inan. from wahteau, he
knows], he makes (him) know it (wah-
teauwah, make him to know, C.). kuh-

nahtus,

kotamau, kukkuhtomau, he informs
(him) of. See teach.
inhabit. See dwell.

inhabitant, noh ayit, pl. nag ayitcheg;
noh wadohkit, pl. nag wadohkitcheg. See
dwell.

inhabited, ohke na wadohtimuk, a land
inhabited (i. e. where it was possessed or
occupied); ohke matta wutohkein, an un-
inhabited land; ohke pish wutohkein, the
land shall be inhabited; chipohke [chepi-
ohke}, uninhabited land.

injure. See hurt.

inquire, natmtomau, he inquires of
(him), questions (him); natwtomuhkau,
he prosecutes inquiry, seeks informa-
tion from (him); nadiwushitteau, he in-
quires into (it), investigates (it) (neen
pitch nnadsittamen, I will inquire into
it; wunnadsittamiitta, let us search into
it, R. W.)-

instead of, nompe, nohnompu: sun nen
nompin, am I in (his) stead? Gen. 30,2

See question.

[nompeu, it is in the place or stead of
(it); nompenau, he is in the place or
stead of (him) ].

instruction, kuhkmwtamwehteaonk, in-
struction, teaching. See teach.

integrity, sumpwuttahhdonk;
teaudonk, vbl. n. from sampwehteau, he
makes it straight or right.

intend, winantam, anantam, he wills,
thinks, purposes, intends, has in mind:
[matia?] ne anantam nen, qut ken ne

sampweh-

anantaman (suppos. ), ‘not as I will, but
as thou wilt’, Matt. 26, 39; ne anontag,
according to his will (what he may
will or intend). This verb expresses
simple mental activity—volition, pas-
sion, thought. It is the primary and
type of a large class of verbs (corre-
sponding to Zeisberger’s third form of
conjugation, in the Delaware, ‘‘in elen-
dam, indicating a disposition of the

282

intend—continued.
mind’’) which Eliot regards as ‘‘a sort
of verb substantives’’ formed from
‘“‘adnouns of virtue and vice,’’ ete.
(Gr., p. 16), and of which he gives, as
an example, a paradigm of the verb
waantam, he is wise, regularly conju-

gated by affixing the verbal particles to |

the ‘‘adnoun’’ waantam; but waantam
is primarily a verb and not an adnoun
or adjective. I have called wnaantam
or anantam the primary, but strictly
speaking it is a derivative by redupli-
cation froma more simple form, antam,
which expresses mental and emotional
activity, as uss expresses physical

activity, and is correspondingly em- |

ployed in composition (see wnnanta-
mindt). kesontam, he purposes, in-
tends, forms a resolution or resolves.
pakodtantam, he determines, intends.

(unantamoo-

intention, wrnantammonk

onk, C.); vbl. n. from wnanantam: an in-

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| intention—continued.

| tending (n’teatammowonck, that is my

| thought or opinion, R. W.).

| into. See put into.

| investigate. See inquire.

| iron, modshog, moushag (mowdshuck, R.

W.), from mami, black; ef. wompohshog,

brass (?), from wompi, white. —misséh-

chuog, iron, from missi, great (misséh-

ch@og, mines, C.). See steel.

| is, sun? is it?; sunnamatta? is it not? See

| appu; ayeu; na; nont; ohteau,

island, munndéh, (munnoh-

onk, C.). Strietly munnéh signifies an
island; munnohhan [munnoh-anni], any
island or whatever is island (ef. keht6h,

| kehtohhan [ash], the sea, seas); pl.

munnohhanash,; menoh-

hannet, on an island. For mnunnu,

| m’nuna, a dry place (it is dry) (?).

aquidnet, ahquednet, ogquidnet, (at the)

island: kishke ahquednet, near an island,

Acts 27,16; pl. ogquidnash, islands, Is.

40, 16.

munnohhan

munnohhanit,

J

jaw, wutompeuk, wuttompek, his jaws;
wutompeukanmoash, their jaws; mutom-
peuk, a jaw, anyone’s jaw.

jealous, masuimmuam (?), (he is) jealous;
suppos. part. an. m@sumont, when he is
jealous; vbl. n. pass. mositteamoonk,
jealousy.

jerk, teadche wuttotikkon,
suddenly twitcheth’’, C.

join, mésogqueog, they join (lit. stick,
adhere ) (mummésogeem, I join, C.); inan.

“cc

it jerketh or

pl. mésogquohtaash, they are joined to-
gether, adhere closely. See stick (v.).
missussin, (it touches) it adjoins, reaches

or extends to. See touch.

joint, anagquesuonk, énoquesuonk, pl. -ong-
’ fi ) ’ x |

ash, joints.

journey. See day’s journey; go; walk.

judge, wusswin, he judges, passes judg-
ment on; with an. obj. wussumau, he
judges, sentences (him);
suppos. part. noh wossumont, wasumont,
he who judges, he (when) judging;
suffix an. asumuh, he judged him. wus-

condemns,

sittum, he judges (it), he passes judg- |

ment on (it); sometimes intrans.

| judge—continued.
| neosittum, I judge; suppos. part. wussit-
tuk, when he judges; noh wussittuk, he

who judges, the judge of; vbl. n. act.
judgment,
sentence; vbl. n. pass. wussumitteaonk,

wussittumaonk, a judging,

judgment, sentence (referred to the ob-
ject), being judged; n. agent. wussumm-
| waen(-in),a judge; pl. -envog, judges.
jump. See leap.
just, sampwi, (it is) just or right; an.
sampwesu, (he is) just, i. e. he does
justly; vbl. n. act. sampweusseonk, just
doing, justice. See right.
justify, sampweogquanumau, he justifies
(him), i. e. accounts him just; pass.
(same form), he is justified, accounted
just; vbl. n. pass.
being accounted just, ‘justification’.
This word, probably formed by Eliot,
| illustrates the copiousness of the lan-
guage and its self-defining power:
sampwi, right, just; he
counts (an. objects), with the pass.
vbl. form, denoting abstract activity,
| but with regard to, or rather from

sampweoguanittuonk,

ogquanum,

TRUMBULL]

justify—continued.

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY 283

| justify—continued.
the point of view of, the object of the |
verb. Elsewhere (as in Rom. 5, 16, |
18) Eliot employs the causat. form of |

the vbl. n. pass. sampwenéhittuonk, being
made just or right, from sampweneh-
heau, he makes (him) to be just.

IEG

keep, wadchanum, he keeps (it); awad- |

chanum-un, he keeps it; suppos. noh
wadchanuk, he who keeps (it), a keeper;
wadchanish, keep thou (it). See para-
digm of this yerb in El. Gr. 24-27. It

signifies not merely to keep, but to keep |

safely, to preserve, to save. wadchau,
he keeps (him), protects, keeps safe
(him); suffix an. awadchanuh, he keeps
him; nawadchanuk, he keeps me; wad-
chaneh, keep thou me; wadchanuwmeh,
keep thou it for me (wauchduwama, R.
W.) See paradigm in El. Gr. 28-63.

This yerb is largely employed by Eliot |

in the composition of words new to the
language, but not the less intelligible to
his Indian hearers; as, vbl. n. pass.
wadchanittuonk, a being kept safe, ‘sal-
vation’; n. agent. wadchuwaen-in, one
who keeps safe, a saviour (wduchaiinat,
a guardian, R. W.).
to keep (?), C.; nun-ndnaueehtm, I keep,
ibid. nandwanumeh, keep thou me, C.;
nun-nanauwinnit, I am kept, ibid.
protect.

kernel, wutch ubbuhkumunit yedn wuh-
hogkomunit, ‘from the kernels eyen to
the husk’, Num. 6, 4.

kettle, ohkuk, ohkuhk, ahkuhq (ateuck,
R.W.; ohkuke, C.),an (earthen) pot or
vessel, a kettle; pl. +-quog [from ohke,
earth].
tle, R. W. [mishq’-ohkuk, red earthen].
See dish.

kick at, togkishkom,
against (it);

ndndwehteourinat,

kut-togkishkomun, thou

kickest against it (contract. togskom); |
from togku, he strikes, with ’sh of vio- |
tittinnogshau, he |

lent action. V. i.
‘kicked’, Deut. 32, 15.

kidneys, muttaunussog (pl.), the kid-
neys, the reins; nutt@unnussog, my reins,
PS3 2652:

kill, nushau, he kills (him); nunnush, I
kill or killed (him); suppos. noh nush-

~ i}
See

mishquockuk, a red copper ket-

he kicks at or |

kill—continued.
ont or nashont, he who kills; nush (niss,
R. W.), kill thou; nushwk (nissoke,
R. W.), kill ye; pass. nushau, nusheau,
he is killed; pish nun-nushit, I shall be
killed; nag nushitcheg, the slain (Gr.
vekp@, véKus; Lat. nex, necis; necor,
neci). nushuhkaw (he goes on killing,
continues to kill), he slaughters (nisheh-
konat, to kill, C.) [nushau, with ’k pro-
gressive]. V.i. nushehteau, nushteau, he
kills, he is a murderer (nwn-nishteam,
I kill, C.): nushehteaog ut mayut, they
commit murder in the way, Hos. 6, 9;
negat. imperat. thou
shalt not kill.

kind (adj.), womonausu [womonau-ussu,
he acts lovingly], he is kind to; vbl. n.
womonausuonk (love in exercise), kind
acting, kindness. See love.

kind (n.), wnni (aidnne, C.; iane, Mass.
Ps. ), eiyane, of the sort or kind of; asa
suffix -in, -enin, -ane, etc., marking the
relation of an individual to a species or
of species to genus, family, or class; as
in neane, neyane, such as, of this or that
kind [ne-unni]; suppos. inan. neaunak
(nednag, such, C.), when it is of the
kind, like; and as substantive, likeness
(see like).
or so, it is of the kind of [wunne-ayeu]:
ne wunnegen unnaiinneat (infin.), ‘it is

nushehteuhkon,

unnaieu, unnayeu, it is such

good so to be’, 1 Cor. 7, 26, i. e. to be in
such a state or condition (ayeuonk).
An analysis of this verb furnishes the
key to Eliot’s translation of Ex. 3, 14,
which proved so inexplicable a puzzle
to Mr Pickering and Mr Duponceau,
and which Heckewelder concluded,
after long research, must, ‘‘if it means
anything, be either ‘I am a man, I am
aman’ or ‘I doso, I doso’,’’ and which
his correspondent, Dencke, thought
might be a new verb formed by Eliot,
but ‘‘not genuine Indian’’ (Notes on

284 BUREAU OF

kind (n. )—continued.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

Eliot’s Grammar, 2 M. H. C. 9, xxiv- |

xliv). Mr Pickering, at the point
where his investigations promised suc-
cess, was misled by Cotton’s vocabu-
lary, where the verb wnniinat is given
with the translation ‘to become’ and
“nuttinni, Lam become’’. This trans-

lation was perhaps suggested to Cotton |

by some such use of the verb as in
Johnna 7) Lz: God
[wunnaumon-unnainneat], ‘to become

a@nnaumoniinneat

the sons of God’, to be of or such as
Eliot himself contributed
to the misunderstanding by stating
that tit, tin, tinne were syllables of ‘‘no

sons of God.

signification, but for ornament,’’ and
only ‘‘in way of an elegancy’’ received
the affix of the verb, ‘‘as nuttinne, kut-
tinne, wuttinne.”’ The manner in which
these augments are employed in Eliot’s
translation makes it clear that, while
the ¢ may be interposed for euphony
merely, the additiona! syllables are
always significant, though not always
translatable to English, and that the
compound pronouns are equivalent to
nul-unni, kut-unni, wut-unni, marking
the contrast or relation of ‘such as’ I,
thou, or he to or with those of another
kind or class. This significance attaches
to the verbal forms: nut-tinniin, Iam of
the kind of, I am such as; ne nittinniin
(ne nuttunniin, Mass. Ps.), I am such

[BULLETIN 25

kind (n. )—continued.

kind or species of, resembling, like.
wame eiyane, all kinds of (inan. obj.).
See like.

king, ketassmt, pl. ketassotamwog, kings

(=tahsotamwog, Gen. 35,11). The first
syllable is kehte, great or chief, which
is occasionally omitted, as above, and
also in the verbal ketassmtammonk
(sometimes assa@tamaoonk, as in Dan. 5,
28, 31, and tahsmtammonk, Zeph. 3, 8;
Matt. 4, 8, etc.), a kingdom. ‘1 have
not met with the verb form assatam
or tahsmtam, and can not with certainty
determine its primary signification.
See sachem.

kinsman, neetomp, my friend, my kins-

man; pl. -+aog; weetomp, his friend or
kinsman; weetompain, a friend, a kins-
man, i. e. the kinsman of anyone. wut-
tinnunkuméin, a kinsman of a female,
Ruth 3, 12; 4, 1; nuttinonkuméog, my
kinsman, Acts 9, 3. wuttonkgs-oh, his
kinsman; nutonkgs, ‘my kinswoman’,
Proy. 7, + (naténeks, my cousin, R. W.;
wadtonkqsin, a cousin, C.). ouwatiionk,
kindred, C. See cousin.

eer : c 3
_ kiss, chipwuttanapwau, he kisses (him);

as that, lam of that kind or class, ‘so I |

am’, John 13, 13; yeu nuttiniin (yeu nut-
tinnaiin, ‘thus I have been’, Gen. 31,
41), thus lam; nen nuttinniin nen nut-
tinniin, I am such as I myself am such
as, I am of my own kind, ‘I am that
[which] Iam’, Ex. 3,14. So with the
pronouns of the 2d and 3d persons:
nedne unnantog . ne wuttinniin, Sas
he thinketh . . . so is he’, Prov. 23, 7;
wuttinnin howan, whosoever, i.e. of what
kind soever, he be, Matt. 16, 24, 25; ne
pish wuttinniin, ‘so will be his manner’,

1 Sam. 27, 11; neaniit wuttinneumin, ne

wuttinniin wussontimomun, ‘as with the |

servant so with his master’, Is. 24, 2.
neanussit (neahhenissit, ‘such a one’,
C.), ‘after kind’, from
neanussu [ne-unni-ussu], the an. form
of neane; suppos. neaunak, of the an.

its suppos.

wut-chipwuttonapoh, he kisses or kissed
him; chipwuttondpweh, kiss me (nut-
chipwuttanap, 1 kiss, C.); reciprocal
chipwuttondpwuttiog, they kiss each
other; vbl. n. chipwuttonapwaonk (a
kissing), a kiss [chippe-wuttoon, sepa-
rated mouth ]. -

kite, gussukquanush, Ley. 11, 14; weenont,

Deut. 14, 13; but weenont, a raven, Lev.
Heeb:

| .
knave, aiontogkomp, a knave; pl. +aog,

|

|
|
|
|

C. (?).

knee, mukkuttuk (mukkittuk, C.), a knee;

pl. +quog (wonke kittuk, a crooked
knee, C.) [i quttauuk, that which sinks
down, from quitauen, it sinks down,
goes down]. Cf. Engl. knee; AS.
cneow,; hnigan, ineuryare, inclinare, to
bow, to bend, to incline.

knife, chohquog (chaug[ujock, R. W.;

“whence they call Englishmen Chdau-
quaquock, that is, Knive-men’’; see
Englishman); kenehquog (keeneehquog,
C.), a sharp knife [from kénai, it is
sharp] (chequdducehquog, a razor, C.)-
wiaseck, mocotick, punnétunck, eiassunck,.

“TRUMBULL ] ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 285

knife—continued. know—continued.
chauquock, a knife, R.W.; eteaussonkash examples of the forms, an. and inan.,
(pl.), knives, C.; Peg. punnéedunk, of the verb waheau, wahteou); vbl. n.
wiyauzzege, knife, Stiles; Del. pach- wahheonk, knowledge ( of persons). wah-
kschican, a knife. ‘‘All words ending teou, he knows, perceives, understands
in -ican, -hican, or -kschican denote ¢ (it); with inan. obj. or intrans. wah-
sharp instrument for cutting’, Hkw. teouun, he knows it; wahteauog, they
Corresp. 413. know (it) (nag wahteoog, C.); nowah-

knock, chuhchunkquttahham, he knocks teouun, | know it (nowatitam, I under-
(at the door); nutchohchunkquttahham, stand, R.W.; nawdteo, I know, Lunder-
T knock. stand, C.); suppos. part. noh wahteunk,

know, waheau, he knows (him); suffix he when knowing, he who knows;
kaudthush, I know thee; kawahéimwa, vbl. n. wahteonk, wahteauonk, knowledge
ye know me; suppos. part. noh wah- (of things). Caus. an. wahteowwaheau,
eont, he who knows; pl. nag wahe- he makes (him) known to (him), he
oncheg, they who know (an. obj.); makes (him) know (him). wahteau-
pass. waheau, he is known (kaowahhish, wahhuau, he makes (it) known to (him).
I know thee; nawaeh noh, | know him; tatta, | know not (nétop tattd, my friend,
nowahik, he knows me; kowdahik, he I know not, R. W.; tattd pitch, I can
knows thee, C. Cotton devoted more not tell, it may so come to pass, ibid.;
than three pages of his Vocabulary to mat nawahteooo, I can’t tell,C.). See no.

I

labor. See bear children; work. | lamprey—continued.
lack. See want. | into the fresh rivers’, R. W., but qun-
nammag, bass, C.

ladder, tohkwtauonk (tahkawsowontuk, C. ).
| land, ohke; wunohke, good land, Deut.

From tohkwtaau, he climbs upon; toh-

kosu, he climbs. 3, 25 (atike, sanaukamuck, earth or land;

|
| ’ . A
ladle, Sée'epoon nitionuke, nissaundwkamuck, my land;
Nes a : wuskdukamuck, new ground, R. W.).

See earth; field.
| landing-place, nundhkémuk, a landing
| 39): ketahhanne

lake. See pond; water.

lame, quaquenukqshau, kukqunukshau, he
halts or is crippled, freq. from qunnuk- |

place (‘shore’, Acts 27,

quesu, he is lame (nickqiissaqus, 1 am unnunohkomuk, the sea shore, Jer. 47, 7.
lame, R. W.), denoting temporary or From aunae, dry; ohke, land; komuk,
casual lameness; suppos. part. noh | inclosed place (?).

quanukesit, quinnukquesit, he who is language, wnnontawaonk: unnontowaog
lame; pl. nag quanukesitcheg, the lame | Canaane unnontarwaonk, they speak the
(quinnukquesukekeshkhowae doas,a lame | language of Canaan, Is. 19, 18 ( Indianne
creature (animal), C.). kehkechau, he | tinnontawaonk, the Indian language, C. ;

awanagusantowosh, speak (thou) Eng-
lish; eendntowash (=unnontmash?),
speak Indian, R.W.). penamwantowaonk
[penme-unnantowaonk), a strange lan-
guage (nippenowdantawem, I am of an-
other language; penowantowawhetttock,
they are of a divers language, R. W.).
siogkontawaonk, a hard language.
hettowonk, languass, speech peculiar

halts, Gen. 32, 31; suppos. part. pl. nag
kehkechwhutcheg, they who halt. wéh-
wepétu, he is lame, is a cripple (from
birth, Acts 3, 2; 14, 8). nwchumuesu
[an. from naochumwi, it is weak], he is
weak, impotent, lame, ete.: nachum-
wesu ut wusseetit, he is ‘impotent in his
feet’, Acts 14, 8; he is lame, 2 Sam.

4, 4; noh nwachumwesit, he that is lame, to a nation [vbl. n. irom hettwog, they
Prov. 26, 7. | talk with one another].

lamprey, qunnamaug, pl. +-suck, ‘lam- lasciviousness, koghkeusquawonk [kogkei,
pries, the first that come in the spring mad, squa, woman: ‘nymphomania’ J.

286 BUREAU

last, majish, machish, at the last, lastly:
majish ne kesukok, in the last day; og-
guhsemese majish, ‘yet a little while’ (to
the end), John 13, 33
yeu, ‘there remaineth the youngest’,
1 Sam. 16,11; from mahche (see have,
aux. ); it denotes time future.
chish [redupl. from machish], the very
last, at last: nen maumachish, I am the
last (ut mdmédiush ne kesukok, at the last
day, John Cotton; momachisheue, lastly,
C.; momachisheyeue, Danf. ).

lasting, michemohtau, machemohtau (it is
for ever), michemohtae, machemohtae,
everlasting [micheme, forever, and oh-
tau]; suppos. michemehtag (micheme
ohtag, Ps. 145,13), that which is (when
it is) everlasting.

late (in the day or night), chéke, chechéke
(slow). wussdume tdtsha, it is too late,
iRaWe

lately, paswu (paswés?, soon, in a short
time, C.; paswu, nateah, kumma, lately,
ibid.) [paswa, pasma, it is near]. kut-
tumma, kittumma, very lately, El. Gr.
21 (kittummdy or-mdish, even now; kittu-
mydi tokéan, as soon as I wake, R. W.).

laugh, ahanu, hahanw (ahdnu, R. W.;
ahhdnu, C.), he laughs; ahanuog, they
laugh; ye who
laugh (ahdnuock, they laugh; tawhitch
ahdnean? why do you (dost thou) laugh?
Re Wes) vole:
(ahhantionk, C.), laughing, laughter
(winne tahansha or ahanshdonk, a pleas-

; peissit majish-

mauma-

kenaau hahaneogish,

ahantionk, hahanuonk

ant laughter, C.). ahanehtam, he laughs

at (it); ahanehtauau, he laughs at
(him).

law, naumatuonk, pl. -ongash. See com- |
mandment.

lazy, segenam, intens. sasegenam, sesege-
neam, he is habitually or by disposition
idle, he is slothful (segeneamde missinnin,
lazy folks, C.).
C. See slothful.

lead (n.;a metal), mohmuttahtag, madmut-
tattag. In Num. 31, 22 the same word
is used for tin, but perhaps not else-
where.

lead (y.), sagkompanau, sagkompagunau,

ndnnogquesiie, lazily,

he leads (them); suffix an. wussagkompa-
nopoh, he did lead them; ahque sagkom-
pagunaiinnean (sagkompaginnean, Luke
11,4; sagkompaginninnean, Ind. Prim. ),

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| lead (y. )—continued.

league, wunnawaonk.

do not lead us, ‘lead us not’, Matt. 6, 13;
suppos. part. noh sagkompagunont, one
who leading; n. agent. sagkompagunu-
aen-in, a leader, =sagkompaginnuen, Is.
54, 4 (nus-sogkompaginniiwam, I lead, 1
rule,C.). Seesachem. negonshaeu, he
leads, is in advance [from negonne, first;
see run]; n. agent.
leader (but not implying authority or
command). monchanau, he leads
(them), shows the way as a gnide.
sampwushanau, sampshonau, he leads
(them), makes them go right; n. agent.
sampwoshassaen, a leader, a guide; sup-
pos. noh sampshanont; pl. neg samp-
shanoncheg, they who (may) lead or
guide.

negonshaen-in, a

nohtomp, in compound words,
one who leads or directs; nohtompeantog
{from peantog, when he prays], a leader
in prayer, a minister; nohtompuhpe-
quodt, one who leads in music, ‘chief
musician’, ete.

leaf, wunnepog, pl. +-quash (wunnepog,

R. W.; wunnépog, C.; Del. wunipach,
Hkw. ), from wunne, beautiful, good, and
the suppos. of a verb which is nearly
related to or identical with neepau, it
rises up, stands erect. Cf. nepéunk, a
bush; népun, summer.

See covenant.

lean (adj.) , dnowwussu, he is lean (nandw-

wussu, R. W.; Gnauwusstie, C.); tandu-
wussu, Gen. 41, 3; mmweeyauseé wees pish
bnauwusseuma, ‘the fatness of his flesh
shall wax lean’, Is. 17, 4.

| lean on, ompatussin, he leans on (it); pl.

leap, queshau, quehshau,

ompatussinwog, they lean on; suppos.
ompatussuk, when he leans. quenohtau,
he leans, rests, or supports (one thing
on another). See Amos 5, 19; ef.
quenohtag, a foundation.

he leaps or
jumps (chdnsops qua@shau, a grasshop-
per jumps; nuk-queeshshom, I leaped,
C.); freq. quequeshau, he goes leaping,
continues to leap; queshadtam, queishon-
tam, he leaps over (it).

learn, nétihtau, nehtihtau, he learns (it),

or v. i. nun-netihtou-un, I learned it
(nunnéehtahtou, 1 learn, C.); vbl. n.
act. netéihtaionk, learning (kodnehtih-
toonk, C.).

TRUMBULL]

leave (to take), wonkomau, he embraces
(him). See embrace; farewell.

leave (v.i.), amaeu, he leaves, departs.
See depart.

leave (v. t.), nukkonau, he leaves, for-
sakes, abandons (him); suppos. nukko-
mont, when he leaves, when leaving
(mat kunnickansh, I will not leave you);
recipr. nukkénittuog, they leave or for-
sake one another. See forsake. V. i.
or inan. obj. nukkodtum (nukodtum, C.),
he leaves (nickdttash, leave thou, de-
part; nickdttammoke, leave ye, R. W.;
ne teag nogkodlimuk, a thing left, C.).
See remain.

leave off, ahque, he leaves off, desists,
refrains from.

left (participle), nakkodtumuk; see leave.
sequnau, he left,
mains; suppos. part. moh sequnit, he
who remains; pl. nag sequnutcheg (nag
asqunutcheg, Neh. 1, 3), they who are
left, ‘the remnant that are left’; sup-
pos. part. inan. ne sequnuk, ne ashqunuk,
that which is left; vbl. n. pass. sequnit-
tuonk, being left, a remainder, that
which is left; see remain.
whau, asquttahwhau,

sequnnenn, is re-

ushquehtauwhau,

ete., he is left or remains (with regard |

to others who are not left or are gone):
maita pasuk usquehtahwhoun, not one is
left; suppos. part. pl. nag sequttahwhut-

cheg (asqut-, ashqueht-, etc.), they who |

remain; suppos. part. inan. ie sequtted-
muk, what is left; pl. nish sequttedmuk-
ish, the remnants, the leavyings.

left hand, menadchu, the left hand; wm-
menadchu, his left hand (mendtche men-
itcheg, the lett hand, C.; nwmmatchu,
left-handed, C.; yo nminnatch, to the
left hand, R. W.); menadchue,
menadchéinniyeu, on the left, to the left.
See hand.

leg, muhkont (mohkont, R. W.),a leg; pl.
ash; wuhkont, his leg.

leggings (?), muttdsash, metasash, ‘san-
dals’, Mark 6, 9; ‘greaves’, 1 Sam. 17, 6;
‘hosen’, Dan. 3, 21 (muttdssash, stock-
ings, C.). See stockings.

lend. See borrow.

length, ve sdhteag, its length (extent of
material object from end to end); aéh-
taeu nesahteag, on the two ends, Ex. 25,

sequttah- |

left- |
handed; menadchée wusseet, his lett foot; |

ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY

287

length—continued.
19, i. e. on both ends or sides of its
length, on both ends, longways; vbl. n.
sohteaonk, (abstract) length. From soh,
the particle signifying forth from: soh-
adt, to so far forth. Cf. néadt, afar off,
to a distance. See measures of length.

lest, ishkont [=asequnit, ushqunit, there
remains, is left (?) ; see left].

let down, nwkema, it is let down; nw-
kompanau, he let (him) down, low-
ered (him) as by a rope; punnompanau
ut manotat, he let (him) down in a
basket; nun-naokompanit, lwas letdown;
suffix an. wun-na@kompan-uh, she let
them down (by a cord), Josh. 2, 15;
nokinum, he lowers (it), takes (it)
down.

let me, let us ‘‘may be expressed by
adding this word, pd, unto the indica-
tive mode, as pdnawaantam, let me be
wise”’, El. Gr. 25 (pd-nawaeh, let me
know him, C.); but Eliot very rarely
employed this particle to form the Ist
pers. pl. of the imperative, which in
all transitive verbs was regularly formed
in -ontuh or -uttah: ayeuontuh manan-
skog, let us make bricks, Gen. 11, 3;
hah nushontuh, come, let us kill him,
Matt. 21, 38; Mark 12, 7; ayimuttah
wetuomash, let us build houses, Mark
9,5 (=ayimontuh, Gen. 11, 4); ontuh,
let us go to; v. 1. monchetuh, let us go.
Roger Williams gives nearly the same
form for active verbs and for subjective
verbs, -etuck or -ituck, as cowwétuck, let
us sleep; toketuck, let us wake; imetesit-
tuck, let us go eat; petiteatita, let us go
in; wussauhemiitta, let us go forth; nick-
attamitta, let us depart; mecduntitea, let.
us fight; aquetuck, let us refrain, ete.

liberate. See deliver.

lice, yeuhquog, yeukoog.

| lick, nowsquodtam, na@squatam, he licks

(it); freq. nonwmsquodtamwog puppissai,
they lick the dust.

lie, pannawau, he lies, deceives (noh
panngoau, C.); ahque pannawah, do
not lie to me; matta nup-panndwamn,
I lie not; act. pannawaonk,
lying; n. agent. pannawaen-in, a liar
(suppos. pl.
R. W. 117). From panne-nawau, he
speaks wrongly.

vbl. n.

pupannouwdchick, Viars,

288 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

lie down, seepsin, sepsin, he lies down;
nus-seepsin, I lie down; sepsish, lie
down; from sepe, long, extended, and
ussu, verb of an. activity: he makes
himself long. sesepdeu, he lies stretched
at full length, he stretches himself;
freq. from sepe, (itis) long, extended.

lie with. See couple.

life, keteaonk, living, the life principle,
life; pomantamoonk, living, life as a
state of being; pometuonk, a lifetime,
ageneration. See live.

lift up, wshpunum, waapinum, he holds
or lifts (it) up; see hold. tahshinum,
he lifts (it) up, he raises (it); mzt-
tahshinum nunnutcheg, I litt up my
hand; tahshinash (or tohshinush) kenut-
cheg, lift up thy hand; suppos. tah-
shinuk, when he lifts it up; inan. subj.
kuttah tahshémo, thy heart is lifted up.
tahshinau, he lifts (him) up, raises
(him); tahshin kuhhog, litt up thyself;
nut-tahshin, I litt up myself.

light (adj.), nunkinnu, nonkaneu, he is
light (kun-nawki, you are light, = kun-
naukon, naukon, light, R. W.; nonkke
wednun, a light burden, C.); anue
nunkinwog onk, they are lighter than,
Ps. 62,9; nunkomp, a young man
[nunkane-omp], dimin. nunkompaes
(nénkup or nonkumpaes, a boy, C.).

light (n.), wequai (wequdi, R.W.; wequa-
shim (dimin.?), moonlight, ibid.), it is
light; m6 wequai, there was light; im-

perat. 3d pers. sing. wequaia), let there be

light. wompag, (when itis) light, bright
light, daylight; opposed to pohkenahtu,
indarkness [suppos. inan.from wompieu,
it is white or bright]; see day. wequd-
nanteg (wequanantig, R. W.; wasdquond-
netick, C.), a light, candle, lamp, torch,
ete. (wékinan, a light fire, R. W.; we-
quéndnetuckonnauhtuk, candlestick, C. ).
lightning, whkkutshaumun (it lightens),
lightning; infin. as noun kutshamundt,
‘lightning, Zech. 9, 14 (ecutshdusha, R.W.;
Abn. sa'sanbigSak, léclair, Rasles).
like, ogque, agque, wutogque (ogqueu),
like to, resembling; ne ogque, like it or
like that. See liken; likeness. wnneu,
it is of the same kind as, it is of like
kind (see kind, n.); suppos. aunak,
dunag, énag, ete., (when it is) of the
kind, (whenitis) like. neane, neyanne

like—continued.

(as, El. Gr.), ne unneu, that kind of,
such as that, in that manner, so, such,
like; neyanneyeu, neyanneu, it is like, he
is like; suppos. neaunak, ne dunag,
(when it is) like that, in the likeness of,
‘according to’: n’naj neaunak unnauma-
tuonk, let it be done according to the
law,, Ezra 10, 3; nedunag yeu muttaok,
‘the fashion of this world’, 1 Cor. 7,31;
neaunak menutcheg, in the form of (like)
a hand, Ezek. 10, 8; with verb of an.
activity neanussu, neyanussu, he is of the
kind of or is like to, he is such as [ne-
unneu-ussu]; suppos. neanussit, neydanu-
sit, (when he is) of the kind of or is
like to: neanussit . . . m’nih, asis. ..

so is; neanussit wosketomp, ‘in the like-
ness of man’, Phil. 2, 7 (neahanissit
wosketomp, such a man; neahhenissit,
such a one, C.). See so; likeness; such.
netatuppe, that which is equal to or alike
(like, so, El. Gr. 22); neane . . . neta-
tuppe, like . . . so (netdtup, it is all one,
R. W.); from ne and tatuppeu, it is
equal; see equal. tatuppeyeum, it is
like, i. e. it is equal to or the same as;
pl. tatuppeyeuaog, they are alike. ona-
tuh, as, like: onatuh . . . netatuppe, as

. so (used only with the suppos.
mood, for wine toh, as though, as when,
as if).

liken, ogquontam, he likens or compares

(it) to (it) (ogquantam, he supposes,
C.). ogquanumau, he likens (him) to
(him or it); ahque ogquanum, * count
me not’, do not compare me with or
liken me to, 1 Sam. 1, 16; howan ogqua-
numog God-ut, to whom will you liken
God? Is. 40, 18; sometimes in the
causat. an. form nut-ogquéheonau, I
compare (them) to, make (them) like;
elsewhere ogqunneau, he compares or
likens (him) to; vbl. n. ogquenneunk,
likening, alikeness. ogquenneunkqussu,
he is like, resembles, he is made like to
(by life or action [ussu] ); inan. ogquen-
neunkquodt, (when) it is like, is likened
to; sometimes as n., a likeness or com-
parison.

likeness, ogquenneunk, agqueneunk, like-

ness, resemblance; or suppos. form og-
quenneunkquodt, agqueneunkquok, when
(it) islike. neanussit (when he is like),

TRUMBULL]

likeness—continued.
in the likeness of. wnnussuonk, a like-
ness (of person to person ), resemblance:
ut nehewonche wuttinnussuonganit, ‘in
his own image’, Gen. 1, 27; wuttinnus-
suonk, his form, appearance, Is. 52, 14
[vbl. n. from wnni and ussuj. See like.

line. See mark.

lineage, wutontseonk. See descent.

linen, hashabponak, ‘linen cloth’; wane-
gik hashponak, ‘fine linen’. See flax.

“Vion”, qunnono. ‘For beasts, there are |

some bears, and they say lions also; for
they have been seen at Cape Anne”’,
N. E. Plantation, ch. x1.
qunonou, ‘a greyhound’; quanunon, a
hawk.
‘panther’.

lip, mussissittoon (missiistoon, C.), pl. +ash;
wussissetanash, his lips.

liquid. See soft.

lisping, sekontowau, C.(?).

little, pewe, peawe, C., for pedu, it is little
or small*; more commonly (dimin. )
peasin, (itis) a little thing; suppos. inan.
peasik, peydsik, peesik, (when it is) little:
anue peasik onk ne moteag, less than
nothing; double dimin, peamesan, a very
little thing; otherwise papedsin, suppos.
papeasik, (when it is) a very small
thing, a very little thing; an. papeasu,
suppos. papeasit, papeissit, (he is) very
little; and peississu, suppos. peississit, by
redupl. papeississit. Seeinfant. ogguhse,
little in quantity or amount(ogkosse, C. );
pl. an. ogguhsuog, few (persons); inan.
oggusinash, few (things) ; dimin. ogguh-
semese nippe, a very little water. See
few.

(*MaRGINAL NoTE.—In the Dahomey lan-
guage ‘‘the addition of pee-wee, or small, is

sufficient to express an almost entirely dif- |

ferent meaning in our idiom; thus toh, a city;
toh pee-wee, a village; hoh,a house; hoh pee-wee,
a hut’ (Forbes’s Dahomey,1,219). See Pee-wee
in Bartlett’s Dictionary of Americanisms. ]
live, pomantam, he lives; nuppoman tam,
I live; suppos. noh pamdéntog, he who
lives; pl. neg pamontogig, the living,
they who live; pres. part. pamonta-
mutche, living, alive; adj. pomantamwae,
living; vbl. n. pomantaméonk, life (asn’-
paumpmainiam, I am yery well; as-
paunpmaintam sachim, how does the
sachem? R. W.; asq nuppomantam, lam

BA. B. Bunn. 25——19

Cf. quoh- |

Probably the ‘catamount’ or |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

live—continued.
yetalive,C.). The form of this verb in
-antam, denoting mental activity, with
the prefixed particle of indefinite mo-
tion or activity, pd, seems to mark as its
primary signification the power of men-
tal action, or, rather, the continued ex-
ercise of that power; cogitat, ergo est.
Heckewelder gives, from the Unami, ili
k'lehelleya? are you yet alive?; ili n’pa-
pomissi, I am yet able to walk about;
and states that ‘‘pommauchsin implies
action or motion connected with life,
which is still the principal idea’’ (Cor-
resp. 392).

liver, mushqun;
liver.

living, keteae, having life; vbl. ketea-
onk, living, the life principle, vitality,
life: whk-keteaonk weyaus ohteau wusque-
heonganit, ‘the life of the flesh is in the
blood’, Lev.17, 11: keteau, he is well,
he is recovered from sickness, he is in
life and health; causat. keteahheau, he
makes (him) live.

lo! behold! kusseh!

lobster, ashaint, pl. +teatig, R. W.; Peq.
muschindaug (pl.?), Stiles; au so haun-
auc hoc, Wood.

log, quttow, a log, C.

long, qgunni (it is) long; gunni onk, longer
than (anéqunnag [for anue qunnag ?]
longer, longest, C.). sepe [sepew] (it is
extended, stretched out), long, extend-
ed through time or space, ‘a good
while’, Gen. 46, 29: sepe mahche, long
after, Josh. 23, 1; hence, sepu, sép, a

river; sepagenum, he spreads or stretches

(it) out; sepdghunk, (sepdkehig, R. W.)

a sail; sepepomantam, he lives long, he

long lived, ‘stricken in years’,
Gen. 24, 1; sépsin [sepe-ussin], he lies
down, makes himself long, stretches
out, ete.

long as, tohsahke (t6 sahke, C.); time fu-
ture, 16 pajeh, so long as, until; nisdhke;
ash: ash pamantam, while I live.

long time ago, néadt, noddt it, nwadt
(when it is far off), ‘in old time’, Josh.
24, 2; néadtuck, a long time, El. Gr. 21.
newutch cheku, ‘after a long time’,
Matt. 25, 19. See far.

look, nuhquaeu, he looks directs
the eye (with reference to the act of

wushqun, Wusqun, his

is

or

290 BUREAU
look—continued.
looking and without regard to the ob-
ject or purpose); nutlinuhquain nogque,
Tlook toward (it); unuhqudeu, ahadsuk-
queu, ‘he looks this way and that way’,
Ex. 2,12; unnuhquash ketahhaniyeu, look
thou toward the sea, 1 K. 18, 483; from
nogque, toward (?); cf. nohqueu, nohque
(né uhquaeu), so far as; na na@hque, so far
distant (nen@hque, so, C.); anawhque,
so, thus; wehque (wéque, R. W.), so far
as, etc. The compounds are numer-
ous; as, ompamuhquaeu, he looks back-
ward or behind; sohha@quaeu, sonkw-
quaeu, he looks forth; ushpuhquaeu,
spuhqudéeu, he looks upward (pdnikqud,
squint-eyed, C., i. e. panne-uhquaeu, he
looks wrong or astray).
nadtauwompu, natawompu, he looks
(in order to see something); neg nad-
tauwompuog, they look; nadtawwompip,
I looked; y. t. inan. nadtawwimpattam,
he looks for (it); an. nadtawwompamau,
he looks for (him). The primary verb
wompu or 6mpu is not found by itself in
Eliot, but is preserved in other Algon-
quian dialects; cf. Chip. oowdhbunden,
he seeth it, John 11,9; nin ge wahbalh-
mah, I have seen him, John 1, 34; Cree
wappu, he sees; ne wappamou, I see
him, Howse 43, 53. he
looks down; womompish, womédmpsh,
look thou down.
he looks out from (a window or other
opening): nasamp nukkenogkeneganit, 1
look out from my window (wussawm-

womompu,

WUSSAM PU, WUSSOMNPU,

patémmin, to view or look about; wus-
saumpatamoonck, a prospect, R. W.).
posampu, posampu, he looks into or in:
posampit, when he looked in (to the
tomb). panampu, he looks away; an.
ponampamau, he looks away from
(him); ponampameh, look thou away
from me, Is. 22, 4.

moneau, he looks on or at (him);
suppos. part. moneauont mittamwussis-
soh, (when) looking at a woman; mon-
neah, look on me; pass. infin. wunnetu
en beautiful to look
upon, Gen. 26, 7; intens. monunneau,
he looks at with attention, he regards
attentively (him); inan. moneam, he
looks on or at (it); intens. monunaum
ohke(Gen. 6, 12), moninneam ohke (Ps.

moneauwoneat,

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25-

look—continued.
104, 32), he looked on the earth; mone-
aumundt, monunneaumunat (infin. as
noun), sight, appearance, looks.

natinneham, he looks for (it); natin-

neawhau, he looks for (him). See
search for.

looking-glass, pepenautchitchunkquonk,
pepenawutchitchuhquok, a mirror (pebe-
nochichauqudnick and kaukakineamuck,
a looking-glass, R.W.). Exp. Mayhew
(MS) gives an Indian word of 61 letters
signifying ‘our well-skilled looking-
glass makers’: nup-pahk-nuh-t6-pe-pe-
nau-wut-chut-chuh-qu6é-ka-neh-cha-neh-
cha-e-nin-nu-mun-n6-nok (1).

looks (appearance), nogqtssuonk, appear-
ance or looks; nunnogquis, I appear,
C. dnukquok, néquok: onatuh néquok
noteau, ‘as the appearance of fire’,
Num. 9, 15, =nédgquodt, v. 16; woskeche
nokquok, (its) outward appearance, 2
Cor. 10,7. unnussuonk: woskeche unnus-
suonk, (his) outward appearance, 1
Sam. 16,7. See look; like; likeness.

loose, ompeu, ompu, he is free, loose,
unbound; infin. ompénat, to be tree,
to be unbound, 1 Cor. 7, 27; suppos.
ompéan, if thou be free; y. t. an. om-
peneau, ompinneau, he looses, unbinds,
frees (him); waut-émpinneuh, he loosed
him; ompinneuk, loose ye him; inan.
ompenum, ompeneum, he looses, unbinds
(it) (aumpaniimmin, to untie a knot;
atimpanish, untie this, R. W.); ompene-
ausu, he is loosed, set free, unbound
Lompeneau-ussu, denoting the act of
loosing or unbinding]. ponanau, he lets
(him) loose, sets (him) free: pish pona-
naw psuksesoh, he shall let loose the
bird, Ley. 14, 7. See scatter.

lose, wanneheau, he loses (him); suppos.
noh he who (an.
obj.). wannehteau, wanteau, he loses
(it); suppos. wanteunk, wannehteunk, if
he loses (it); pass. part. ne wanteémuk,
ne wanteamuk, that which is lost. Caus.
from wanne (there is not), destitute of,
without.

lot (hazard), tanohtéadtuonk, determina-
tion by lot, a casting of lots.

loud, mishontawaeu, mishontwaeu (there
1s a loud noise, lit. a great voice) ; mish-
antowash, shout, ery out, speak loud.

wanneheont, loses

TRUMBULL]

loud—continued.
(mishaiintowash, speak out, R. W.);
adj. mishontowae, loud; nano mashan-
tawagk moacheke(?), ‘it waxed louder
and louder’, Ex. 19, 19. See noise.
love, he loves, he loves
(it); n@-womantam, I love; womanta-

as

womantam,

mok wanegik, love ye that which is
good; ka-womantam-umww, ye love
(nowomdntam wussukhonk, I love a
book, C.). An. womonau, he loves (him
or her); n@womon, Llove (nawomon, or
womos, mittamwus, I love a woman );
kowomonsh (kawomonntish, C.; cowdm-
maunsh, R. W.), I love thee (cowam-
maunick, he loves you, R. W.); ybl. n.
act. womondonk, a loving, love (referred
to the lover); pass. and recipr. womo-
nittuonk, being loved or loving one an-
other, love (referred to the loved object)
or mutual love. Recipr. an. womonittit-
teuh, let us love one another; womonit-
tegk (waméntek, E. M.), love ye one an-
other (munnehk-waméntapaneg, they

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

bo
Je)
—

love—continued.
strongly (menuhki) loved one another,
E. M.). An. act. womonausu, he acts loy-
ingly, is kind or loving (womosinneat, to
be kind; nuwm-mahtche womoaus, T have
been kind; womoausinneat, to love, C. );
vbl. n. womonausuonk, love in exercise,
kindness, love acting. Duponcean, in
Notes on El. Gr., x, derives this verb,
as well as wunnanum, he blesses, ‘from
wunnegen, good; Delaware, wuliechen, it
is good or well done.”’ Perhaps from
wameantam, he thinks all or wholly
(of), he wholly regards.

low (adj. ), tiohqui, tiuhque [tiohqueu, it is],
short, low (tidhquohque weehumikko-
muk, alow barn, C.). See short.

| low (adv.), womiyeu (it is down), down-

ward; wamiyeu womiyen, very low,
Deut. 28, 43.

lower, nokinum, he lowers (it), lets
it down; pass. inan. nokémo, it is let
down or lowered; nakeu, he descends,
goes down.

M

mackerel, wawwhunnekesiiog (pl.), R.W. | maid, nunksqua, nunksq,

[wunne-aunekesuog, they are finely |

painted, they haye handsome colors].
mad, kogkeau, kogkéi, (he is) mad (kog-
kewau, John 10, 26; kogkeae, mad, C.);
n. agent. kogkeanin, a madman; suppos.
noh kagkéadt, he who is mad; pl. nag kag-
kedcheg, kogkedcheg, they who are mad;
vbl. n. kogkedonk, madness, furor. An,
act. kogeésu, (he acts) mad; he is mad
in action. This word is apparently

derived from i’ progressive by redu- |

dlication, k’ k? denoting rapid or forci- |
) & ray

ble progression. Cf. Gr. 60@, to move
with rapid motion, to rush, to rage, or
be furious; §v67s, a raging; Lat. furor:
Gr. Pepéobat, terri.
harlotry, lasciviousness
woman-madness]; kogkeiss
drunkenness, drink-madness, ete.

magistrate, nananuwaen, an o verseer,
ruler, magistrate (pl. nananuachég, mag-
istrates, Ind. Laws; nanauunnuaen-in,
a Justice, C.; neen-nanowurinnemun, I
oversee it, R. W.). See keep; over-
seer; ruler.

kogkeusquawonk,
[kogke-squa,
ippamaonk,

a girl, puella
(nonkkishq, wisskisqua, a girl, C.; Abn.
nwiiksk8é, Aimin. naiiksk&éssis, ‘fille,
vierge’, Rasles); penomp (keegsquaw,
kKihtuckquaw, R. W.), virgo. See girl;
virgin; woman.

maimed, noh woskesit, he who is ( sup-
pos.) maimed. See hurt.

maize.

make, makes (it);
ayimwog, they made (nuttiyam, I make;
ayimtinat, to make, C.);
ahtompeh, he made a bow (but ayim
kéuhquodtash, he made arrows); noh
ayik, he who makes (it), the maker;
teagk utayim? what makest thou? kesit-

he produces, perfects,

See corn.

ayim, ayum, he

an. ayeiau

teau, kestean,
makes, creates; kesteauop nashaonk, ‘he
created the wind’, Amos 4, 13; kuk-
kesteoh ‘thou
hast created all things’, Rey. 4, 11;
elsewhere kesteaunat (kestoutinat, to
finish, C.), to complete, to perfect;
ne kesteaumuk, that which is created:
noh kesteunk, he who creates, a creator
(nuk-keesteo, I make; nag kesteoog, they

wame teanteaqussinish,

male, nompaa

99 BUREAU OF

make—continued.

make, C.; kéesittin keesuck, he made
the heavens;
made all; wuckéesitin atike, he made the
earth, R. W.); with an. obj. kezheau, he
made (him), created (him); nuk-kezeh,
Icreate him; nuk-kezheop, nuk-kezheomp,
I did create (him); suppos. part. kez-
heunt, creating, when he creates. Cf.
keteau, he comes to life, lives; keteah-
heau, he gives life to, ‘quickeneth’,
causes to live.

wukkesittinnes wime, he

male, a male (of the
human species).
animal (other than man); adj. nompo-
shimwe. enewdshim, a male animal,
R.W. ‘‘The males of quadrupeds are
called lenno wéchum, by contraction

c

lennochum; thefemales, ochque wéchum,
by contraction ochquéchum. With the
winged tribe . . . /enno wehelle for the
males, and ochquechelle (with a little
contraction ) for the female”’, Hkw., of
the Delaware, Corresp. 368, 369. nin-
nu (heis aman), male: whkkezheuh naho
ninnuoh kah ‘he created them
male and female’, Mark 10, 6 (but of
animals pish nompaiyeum kah squaiyeua,
they shall be male and female, Gen.
6, 19). See man.

man, ninniv, (he is) a man; pl. ninnwog,

squa,

men, homines (niin, nninnuog, man,
men, R. W.; Muh. pausuck enin, or ene-
skéctomp, one man; nemannauw, (he
is) a man, Edw.; Narr. yéuh, Stiles,
this Del.

“Lenno in the Delaware lan-

ley
Hkw.

guage signifies man, and so does /enape

yeuoh, one; lenno
. ’

in a more extended [restricted?] sense.
In the name of the Lenni Lenape it
signifies people; but the word Jlenni
which precedes it has a different sig-
nification, and means original (?) and
sometimes common, plain, pure, un-
mixed”’, Hkw., Corresp. 412. This
lenni ‘is the same word written nanwe
by Eliot and Cotton, of the same der-

ivation as ninnu, but with the form of |

the adjective [ninnu-ae, n’nu-aej, and
signifies any, common, normal. See
general). This word ninnu is merely
the emphasized demonstrative of the
third, and through it of the first, per-
son, noh, neen, wun, or en’n, and with

nomposhim, a male |

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

man—continued.

the verbal form, en’n-u, he is such as
this oneorasI. It was employed only
when speaking of men of the same race,
tribe, or nation as the speaker, or those
nearly allied toit. ‘General [names]
belonging to all Natives, as Ninnuock,

Ninnimissiniwock, — Eniskeetompatiavog,
which signifies Men, Folk, or People,’’
R. W., Introduction. See he; kind
(n.); like; this; missin, below.
wosketomp (vir, a brave), aman; pl.
+-aog (skeétomp, pl. +-auog, man, men;
eniskeetompatiwog, people, R. W.; Eliot
has wosketompaog kah nandnuacheg,
‘both high and low’, Ps. 49, 2; woske-
tomp, wosk, man; nanwi woske, any man;
onkatog woske, another man, C.). This,
the tribe name of man, appears to be
compounded of woskeheau, woskehteau,
he does harm, hurts, destroys, spoils
The lat-
ter word was perhaps obsolete when
Eliot acquired a knowledge of the lan-

(see hurt) and omp, man.

guage, but it was retained in many com-
pound words, as will be noticed below.
wosket- may be nothing more than the
suppositive form of awuske, young, as in
wuskenin (wiskenin, C.; wuskéne, R.W.),
a young man, a youth; but this would
restrict the application of wosketomp to
young braves, when, as is evident, it
was understood to haye a more ex-
tended use by Eliot and Williams. The
first-mentioned etymology gives a sig-
nificance to the tribe name correspond-
ing to that of the Pequots ( Paguatoog,
the destroyers) and Mohawks (Mo-
whauog, the devourers).

The recurrence of the word omp in
compounds, though ap-
pears standing by itself, shows it to
have been the ancient dialectic or
tribe name of man, appropriated, in
accordance with Indian usage, to the
favored race, whose men were all viri,
freemen, and masters, while those of
other tribes were contemptuously re-

it »nowhere

garded as homines, barbari, captives
and slaves. See missin, below. From
this root come, apparently, nompaas
[womp-ddas, the man animal], male;
nétomp [neetu-omp], my friend, brother
(Abn. Rasles) ;

nidanbé, mugwomp

TRUMBULL]

man—continued.

[mogke-omp, great man], a captain;
nunkomp [nunkon-omp, light man], a
young man, not yet a warrior; penomp
[ penwe-omp, strange to man, nescius
viri ?], a virgin; ompategash [omp-ohta-
gish, belonging or appropriate to man],
Weapons, used in the Mass. Psalter,
John 18, 3, where Eliot has auwah-
teaongash; ahtomp [adt-omp, ahhut-omp,
belonging to man], a bow; ompeh- |
tedonk, ompetedonk [vbl. n. from omp- |
ohteau, it belongs to man], ‘an old
Indian word’, says Cotton, ‘that sig-
nifies obedience by giving any [trib-
ute]’; tribute or royalty, exacted by |
and paid to a superior (see tribute).

The primary signification of the word |
omp is, perhaps, a freeman, independ-

ent, owing no fealty; it is allied to

ompeu, he is free, unbound, loose (see

loose), ompenum, he loo , unbinds;

but these last may be derivatives from

the common root. Heckewelder states

that in the Delaware the names of

animals “walking in an erect post-

ure”’ terminate regularly in ap or ape,

“hence lenape,man”’ (Corresp. 411). A

considerable class of words used by

Eliot to express manner of standing

and change of posture have apparently

a similar origin, being compounds of

a verb ompau, he stands; as sumpakom-

pau, he stood upright; quenikompau,

he stands upon (it);
[= ompik-ompau?], it stands upon, ete.
(see stand). It may be that to stand
erect is the primary and to be free a
secondary signification of the same
verb, ompau or ompeu. Cf. Del. nihilla-
pewi, ‘T am free,’ ‘my own master,’
Zeisb.; Abn. arenaiibé (pl. + ak), homo;
séénanbé (pl. +-ak), vir, Rasles; kigaibé,
‘jeune homme non marié,’ ibid.; ‘les
petits animaux di’r. [dicitur] nanpekiks,
sk8ékik8, Au mile et femelle”, ibid.;
Alg. nape, male; alisinape, man, Lahon-
tan, 1,294; napema, a married man,’
ibid.

missin, indet. missinnin, pl. missinnin-

ohpikkompau

niiog, man, homo, or rather barbarus;

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

in the pl. people, nations, race, ete.
Applicable only to men of other tribes |
or races than that to which the speaker |

293

man—continued.
belongs; hence, used to signify cap-
tives, tributaries, ete. From missi and
ninnu, corresponding exactly to the of
zoAXot of the Greek. Roger Williams
has ninni missintiwock (=nanwi missin-
niog, common men), ‘folk or peo-
ple.’
and beast (only in Gen. 6, 7); howae
missinnin ken? of what people are you?

manifest, pohquaeu, pohquiie, open, clear.
See open.

many, mdnaoyg, (they are) many (per-
sons) ; inan. mdnatash, ménaash, many

missinnin kah puppinashim, man

(things) (wussaume maunduog, ‘they
are too full of people’, there are too
many; imdunetash, ‘great store,’ abund-
ance, R.W.). tohstiog? how many (per-
sons)?; inan. tohstiash, tohshinash, tah-
shinash? how many (things)? See how.
ne adtahshe, as many as; suppos. pl. an.
neadtahshehettit (when they are counted
or summed up), as many as.

mariner, pummohhamwaén-in, a mariner;
pl. (piimmuhshottoeninuog,
mariners, C.) [pumméh-om, he goes
by sea]. kehtahhanag (pl. ), mariners,
seamen [kehitoh-oom, he goes by sea].

mark, kuhkinneasu, he marks (it), dis-
tinguishes (it) by a mark; vbl. n. kuh-
kinneasuonk, marking, a mark, a sign.
kuhkinneam, he marks, distinguishes,
notes (it). kuhkham, he marks (it) out;
suffix ukkuhkhamun, he marks it out (ef.
kuhkuhheg, a bound or landmark; f:uh-
kuhhunk, a boundary; kuhkuhwaonk,
order, regularity).

marrow, w¢éin, ween, the marrow (Abn.
Sin, graisse de moelle, Rasles.)

marry, wusséntam, he marries, C.; ‘he
goes a wooing’, R.W.; nooseentam, I
marry, C.; wussenetiiock, ‘they make a
match’, R. W.; vbl. n. wussentamoéonk, a
wedding (a marrying); n. agent. wussen-
tamwaen-in, one who marries, a bride-
groom. noh she married,
Gen. 20, 3; she ‘who is another man’s
wife’, Ind. Laws x1, p. 8. wetauomau,
wéet6omau, he marries (her), he takes
(her) as a wife (weetauog, they live to-
gether, Ind. Laws x11, p. 10); suppos.
noh wetauadteadt, he who is married, a
married man; pl. neg wetauadteacheg, the
married; vbl. n. wetaudtuonk, marrying,

~waeniwog

WUSSO, is

294 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

marry—continued.
taking a wife; n. agent. wetauadteaen-in,
a bride (one marrying); recipr. we-
tauadteog, they marry one another
(awetawdtuock, ‘they make a match,’
R.W.). See husband; wile.

marsh. See meadow.

marten (Mustela americana), wappen-
augh, openock, Gen. Reg. x1, 219 (marte,

pépanakess8; peau de marte, épanakesss,
Rasles; openock and wappenauk, Judd,
Hist. of Hadley, 355; Del. woap chus,
Zeisb. Voe. 13).

master, sontinm, master (governor, C.),
poss. nus-sontim-om [-am], my master;

| meadow—continued.

nussontimom ketassowt, ‘my lord the |

king’, 2 Sam. 13, 33; pl. sontimdog, son-
timosog (vbl. n. sontimmonk, sovereignty,
C.).

mastery, sohkausuonk, sohkéhsuonk, mas-
tery, victory, vbl. n. from sohkésu, soh-
kausu, he conquers.

mat, munnotaibana, ‘embroidered mats
which the women make’ to line their
houses, hangings, R. W. abockquosin-
ash, the mats with which the wigwams
are covered, ibid.; ef. ne dbuhquésik, the
covering of it, Cant. 3, 10; uppdhqués,

obbohquos, a tent, ce yvering, ete. mattan-

nauke, pl. mattannoukanash, ‘a fine sort
of mats to sleep on’, R. W. matasquas,
a mat, C.

matter, tnniyiuonk, res. See business.

may, woh, ‘may or can’, joined to a
verb, ‘expresses the notion of a pos-
sibility to be’, El. Gr. 20. Eliot classes
it as a ‘conjunction of possibility’, El.

Gr. 22: woh kenusheh? ‘intendest thou |

to kill me?’ Ex. 2, 14; wttoh woh yeush
en wnih? how can these things be?

maybe, mamidt, ‘it may be that’, Gen.
16,2 (ammiat, perhaps, it may be; am-
miate matteag, may be not, C.; see tattd,
R.W.63). paguodche, pagwodche, it may
be, perhaps (pogqudtche, perhaps, C.).
toh, ‘it may be’ (an ‘adverb of doubt-
ing’), El. Gr. 22 (toh with the significa-
tion of would that! (utinam) is ‘an-
nexed to every person and yariation in
the optative mood’, El. Gr. 34, 65).
See how.

meadow, wompaskeht; wompasquehtu, in

a meadow. mictickaskeete, a meadow,
hk. W. [=mukkoshqut, a plain, from

mogki-askeht, or mogki-oshk-ut, great
green place, or where there is much
grass]. ftattagoskitwash,‘ a fresh mead-
ow’ R. W. [=tattdgk-oskeht, pl. oskeh-
tuash, shaking grass (boggy, marshy) ].
wososhquit, marsh: na ut wososhquit,
‘the marshes thereof’, Ezek. 47, 11
(wéssdskeht, a meadow, C.).

meal, pishguehick, unparched meal, R.W.

[=pasquag, that which is fine or in
powder]. See fine. nawhkik (nékehick,
‘parch’d meal . . . which they eat
with a little water, hot or cold’, R.
W.; nocake, ‘which is nothing but In-
dian corn parched in the hot ashes; the
ashes being sifted from it, it is after-
wards beat to powder’, Wood, N. E.
Prospect), used by Eliot for ‘meal’,
‘flour’, ‘ground corn’: pasquag nohkik,
‘fine flour’; vbl.n. causat. inan. n@khik-
anehteush, ‘grind thou meal’, Is. 47, 2,
. e. make it to be meal. From nohki,
t is soft; suppos. nohkik, that which is
soft. Del. ‘‘psindamécan, or tassmandne,
as they eall Indian corn parched,
pounded, and used with water or boiled
down as pottage’’, Hkw., Hist. Account,
p. 187. Abn. pesedam8n, ‘farine de blé
groulé’; n&khdmen, ‘farine’; skam&nin-
Skhamen, ‘farine de blé da’ Inde’, Rasles.

i
i

measure, guttuhhum, qutham, quadham,

he measures (it), takes the measure
(weight, capacity, or dimensions) of it;
quttuhhush (quttohhush, C.), measure
thou (it); freq. quaquadhum, he meas-
ures (it) repeatedly or habitually; vbl.n.
quttuhhamaonk, measure, weight, ete. (a
measuring); suppos. part. inan. quttuh-
heg, quttuhwheg, (that which measures)
a measure; y.t. an. and inan. guttuhlu-
mauau, he weighed (it) to or for (him);
nuk-quthumau teaguash, | weighed him
the money, Jer. 32, 9; active (verb of
action) quttuhwhésu, he measures; pass.
it is measured, hence, by measure; after
a numeral, measures of (sometimes, but
rarely, pl. guituhwhésuash): shwinchage
quituhwhésu pasquag nakhik, ‘thirty
measures of fine flour’, 1 K. 4, 22 (nen
nuk-quttohwhous, I measure, C.).

measures of length: édmskinausu, a

span (omskinnau, he spans (it), Is. 48,
13); nequtomskinausu, one span (nees-

TRUMBULL]

meat, weyaus.
medicine,

measures of length—continued.
aumsqussdyi, two spans (of Wampum ) ;
shwaumscussdyi, three spans; yowomp-
scussdyi, four spans, R. W.). Cf. omp-
skot (émpscat, atimscat, R. W.; ompskod,
C.), a penny (i. e. a penny’s worth of
Wampum, a@ span?); nequt-ompskot, one
penny (neesavimscat, two pence; yow-
dmscat, four pence, R. W.). quitauatu,
quattuatu [qutta, six], six pence (in wam-
pum) R. W., =quittatashaimscat; neén,
two quttduatues; shwin, three quttdua-
tues, eighteen pence; yowin, four qut-
tduatues; guttatashincheck aumscat (sixty
pence), ten quttduatues, =pitckquat
[pitick-quttauatu], tensixpences, =nquit-
tompeg or nquitnisheatisu, one fathom,
ibid. neesnehchagunatsu, twenty fath-
oms; nabo napanna tashinarsu, fifteen
fathoms, Acts 27, 28 (nquittémpeg,
nquitnisheatisu, one fathom; nees-awm-
paiigatuck, two fathoms; piuckquampdu-
gatuck, ten fathoms, =nguit pausck;
shwe-patisuck, thirty fathoms, R. Wey)
ishqudnogkod, ‘acubit’; aftera numeral,
ishquanogkod, an. ishquanogkussu, by eu-
bits, cubits long; nequt-ishquonogkot, one
cubit, Matt. 6, 27, =nequt-isquanogkod,
Luke, 12, 25.

measures of time. Seeday; month;

year.
See flesh.

moskehtu, maskehtu (maskit,
physic, R. W.); iydnaskehtuash, ‘many

medicines’, i. e. various kinds of medi-

cines, Jer. 46, 11 [m’askeht, grass,
herb].

meditate, missantam [missi-antam, he
thinks much], he reflects or meditates
upon (he aims at, C.); natwontam, he
meditates, considers of, devises (studies,
meditates, ete., C.).

an

meet, nogkushkau, nogkishkau, he meets |

(him) (nokuskduatees, meet thou him;
nockuskauatitea, let us meet, R.W.;
wumne nogkishkéadtuonk, well met, asa
salutation, C.). See assemble; gather.

melon, monaskmtasq (ohhosketimuk, a |

watermelon; monosketamuk, cucumber;
quinosketimuk, muskmelon, C.). See
squash.

melt, sdébohteau, it melts; inan. pl., saboh-
taash, sabahtaash, they melt, from
sabde, saupae, (it is) soft; see soft.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|

295

melt—continued.
Act. intrans., sdébohsésu, he melts, per-
forms the act of melting. sdbassum, s6-
bossum, sduppasum, he melts ( it), makes
(it) soft; n. agent. sébossumwaen-in, a
melter, founder, Jer. 6, 29; suppos.
part. inan. [from sabde, saupaeu, it
melts] sabahég, sdbahég (when it soft-
ens), pottage; adj. sdbassumwe, molten,
melted. See dissolve.

melt away. See consume; dissolve.

member, pompuhchdi, pompuhchaéi, a
member, limb, organ; pl. +yeuash:
ukkosue pompuhchaéi, the virile organ;
n. collect. pompuhchdinneunk, the mem-
bers (collectively), 1 Cor. 12, 26.

mend. See repair.

menhaden, “aumstog and munnawhat-
teatg, a fish somewhat like a herring”’,
R.W. (émmis, pl. dmmissuog, herring,
C.; Peq. umpsuauges, alewives, Stiles).
The former was probably the alewife,
Alosa vernalis. The latter was Alosa
menhaden, ‘white-fish’, ‘bony-fish’,
‘hardhead’, or pauhagen. It was used
by the Indians as a manure, whence
perhaps its name, from munnéquohteau,
he manures or enriches the soil (cf.
“Fishes called ‘aloofes’ used for ma-
nure’’, Winth., in Phil. Trans. , 1678).

menstruation, qussinausuonk; qussinau-
sit [suppos. from guttinausu], when (she
is) menstruous (qushendwsui and mat-

tapeu, “a woman keeping alone in her
monthly sickness’, R. W.).

mercy, monaneteau, he is merciful; mo-

nanetegk, be ye merciful; ybl. monan-
eleaonk, mercy; mondnum, he shows
mercy, is kind; an. suffix monanumeh,
be thou merciful to me. — kitteamontea-
num, he shows mercy or compassion,
he pities; suppos. noh kodtuwmonteanu-
mont, he who is merciful or pities (nok-
kitteamonteanitteam, I pity, C.).
merry, weekontam, he is glad; howan we-
kontog? is any merry? James 5, 13;
weekontamwog, they made merry,
Judg. 9, 27. See glad; mirth.
message, kuttmonk, nehtambonk: negon-
towau, he sends a message to (nekon-
chuonat, to send, C.). See send.
messenger, annanaén-in, a messenger,
one who is sent: annawnau nnonaenauh,

296 BUREAU OF
messenger—continued.
he sent a messenger to (him).
send.

metals.

See |

See gold; iron; lead; steel.

middle, néeu, naihaueu, in the middle,
in the midst; en néeu, ut néeu, in the
midst. of; néahtuk, nédhtuk [néeu-tuk],
in the middle of the river; néetipukok,
noeutipukkok [néeu-tippaco], midnight.

mighty, missugke (great, powerful) ; sup-
pos. masugkenuk, (when he is) powerful:
wame masugkenuk, the Almighty, Ex.
6, 3.

milk, sogkodtunk (sogkadonk, C.) [suppos.
part. inan. from soh-kodtinnum: that |
which is drawn forth; pl. sogkodtungash,
teats, dugs, mammie]. meninnunk,
woman’s milk: Veninnunk wutch Muk-
kiesog, ‘Milk for Babes’, is the title
of Cotton’s catechism; and in the quota-
tion from 1 Pet. 2, 2,
substituted for the sogkodtungane of |
Eliot’s version (munninnug, a woman’s |
milk, R. W.) [from nanau, he sucks; |
suppos. part. inan., that which |
sucked].

meninnuaniie is

is |

millstone, toguhwonganompsk, togwonka-
nompsk. See grind; mortar.

mind (to have in), wenantam, he thinks,
purposes, wills, ete. See think.

mine, nittaihe, it is mine (it belongs to
me); pl. an. nuttuiheog, inan. nuttaihe-
ash, they are mine; nuttaihéin, it is ours.
See belong to.

mingle, mix, kenukshau, it is mingled or
mixed with; kenukshaog penuwohtea-ut,
they are mingled among the heathen,
Ps. 106, 85 (nuk-kinukkinum, I mingle
or mix, C.; wiinnickshan, to mingle;
winnickshaas, mingled, R.W.); from
kenugke, (it is) among.

minister, nohtompeantog (nohtomp-pean-
tog, one who leads in prayer).

mink (Putorius vison) , nottomag (?), Judd,
in N. E. Gen. Reg. x1, 219 (=mitk&,
écureuil, of Rasles Ne

mire.

mirror. See looking-glass.

mirth, pdéanatam, he makes mirth, Ezek.
21, 10; vbl. n. péanittammonk, mirth; neg
poacheg, they who make merry, Jer.
30,19. mishe muskouantam, he makes
great mirth, Neh. 8, 12.

See mud.

wekontammonk, |

AMERICAN

moist, ogqushki, (it is) moist, wet.

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

mirth—continued.
gladness, mirth [wékontam, he is
See glad; merry; play.

miry, saupueu, subaeu, it is soft (softened
by water?); saupde, sabde, soft, miry.
Cf. samp; suppawn.

mischief, woskehuwaonk, hurt, injury
done; woskehittuonk, woskehtowonk,
hurt, injury suffered. See hurt.

miserable, kittimongkeneankquat, miser-
able (pitiable), C.; kuttumonkee yete,
miserably, ibid. See pity.

mishap, mussuhkauau, miskauau, it hap-
pens to (him); applied only to the en-
counter of evils or mischance. See hap-

pen.

miss. See want.

mist. See fog; vapor.

mistake, nup-pulitantam, I mistake, C.;

vbl. n. puhtantammonk, mistaking, ibid. ;
cf. puttahham, he is caught, ensnared,
trapped.
or astray.
mistress, sonkisg, sonkusq, sonksq, mis-

panneu, he errs, goes wrong
See astray.

tress, queen; kehche sonksq (great mis-
tress), queen, Esth. 1,9, 11,15, =kehehis-
sunkisq, V. 12 (Narr. saunks, the queen,
or sachem’s wife; pl. sauncksqutiaog, R.
W.; saunck squauh, queen, Stiles; sunck
squa, Conn. Ree. 11, 289) [sontim-squa,
master-woman, or sonkquau (sohkaa),
she prevails or has the mastery ].
mock, momontauau, momonehtauau, he
derides, of
(him); suppos. part. noh momontauont,

mocks, makes a mock
one who mocks; suffix wmmomontau-

éuh, they mocked him; inan. momon-

ehtam, momontam, he mocks (it),
he makes a mock of (it); v. i. act.
momontuhsu, momontussu, he mocks,

is mocking; n. agent. m4montuhsuen,
momonehtasuen, a moeker. dédntéhkon-
he mocks at, derides (him)
(elsewhere, 66tuhk-, éiontuhk-, eiontogk-,
dbntogk-, ete.); wuttéontéhkonéuh, they
mock him; kuttéontéhkoneh, thou mock-
est me; v. i. act. 66téhkossu, dontogkkossu,
he mocks, is mocking; n.agent. 6dntoh-
kuss@waen, a mocker.

MUA,

See
wet.

moldy, ogquonkshdeu, ogquonksheau, it
is moldy; adj. ogquonkshde; vbl. n. og-
quonkshunk, mold, ‘mildew’. Cf. og-

TRUMBULL]

moldy—continued.
quonkquag, ‘rust’, Matt. 6, 19; ogqush-
ki, it is wet.

mole, mameechumit, Ley. 11, 30.

money. ‘‘The Indians are ignorant of
Europe’s coin; yet they have given a
name to ours, and call it monéash, from
the English money’’, R. W. Eliot
translates money by tedguash, teauguash
(pl. of tedg, thing, object), res; and
Roger Williams gives nut-teaugiiash,
‘my money’. See wampum.

month, nepduz (the sun), a month (pau-

NATICK—ENGLISH DICTIONARY

297

| more—continued.

progr. form wutaneukouh, he is better
than he, is used in Proy. 12, 9, mean-
ing he is superior, is better off. Com-
pounds: dniwwodt [dnue-woh-adt], more
than enough, too much; dnupde, over-
flowing; anuwutchuwan, anitehuan, it
overflows. nano (a sign of the compar-
ative), more and more.

moreover, wonk, again, moreover, also.

| morning, mohtompan (mautabon, R.W.).

See day.

| morrow, saup (satiop, R. W.; saup, C.;

suck W patus, a month; nquit pawsuck-

one month;
nv’ paiius, two months, ete., R. W.).
See sun; moon.

ew patus, nees pawsuck

moon, nepauzshad, naneparzshad, nane- |
paushadt (nanepatshat, the moon, the |

|

| mortar, toyguhwhonk, toguhwonk, togwonk

moon god; munndnnock, a name of the
sun or moon, R.W.; Peq. weyhan, moon,
Stiles); wuske nepauzsae, new moon (yo
ocquitteunk, a new moon; paushésui, a
half moon; wequashim, a light moon,
R.W.). Dimin. from nepdiz, the sun, =
nepauzesé (2).

moose, mms, pl. maséog (for ‘tallow
deer’, 1 K. 4, 23) (‘‘The Elke, which
the Salvages call a Mose’’, Morton, N. E
Canaan. ‘‘ Moos, a beast bigger than a
Stagge’’, Smith, Deser. of N. England,
1616.
or rather a red deer’, R. W.
m8s, pl. m&s&k, ‘orignal’, Rasles. )

more, dnue (the sign of the compara-
tive): dnue wunnegen, better; dnue onk

moos, pl. modsiiog, ‘the great ox,

Abn.

nen, more than me; dnue onk wame,
more than all.
(than another), he is superior (nuttan-
niuwun, I overcome or conquer, C.);
suffix an. progr. wut-aneukouh, he is
better than he, i. e. superior to him,
Proy. 12, 9. From the suppos. aneit
(noh aneit, he who is above or superior),
with the indefinite prefix, comes, per-
haps, manit [nv aneit], a god, something
superior. ‘‘There is a general custom
amongst them at the apprehension of
any excellency in men, women, birds,
beasts, fish, ete., to cry out Manittéo,
that is, itis a god, as thus if they see one
man excel others in wisdom, valour,
strength, activity, etc., they cry out
Manitt6o, a god’”’, R. W. 111. The

aneu, anueu, he is more |

mountain, wadchu (wadchi, C

Abn. séba, Rasles), tomorrow. — nom-
podeu, on the morrow (i. e. early next
morning); suppos. nompuk, nompuh-
keik, na nompunk, (when it was) morn-

ing, next morning [from nompe, again].

morsel, chogg, kodcluihki. See piece; spot.

(tdcunck or wéskunck, their pounding
mortar, R. W.), a mortar or place for
pounding corn; wt togguhwhonganit, in
a mortar, in mills, Num.11,8. From
tackhtmmin, to grind corn, R.W.; tog-
he grinds, C. [togkau, he
strikes, pounds].

guhhum,

mother, dkasoh, his mother, the mother

of (okdsu and witchwhaw, a mother,
R.W.; wiitchéhwau, her mother, C.);
nokas, nokas, my mother (ndkace, nich-
whaw, R.W.); kékas, kokas, thy mother;
wame okasuoh, she was the mother of
all (living), Gen. 3, 20; indef. wutoka-
sin (wuttookdsin, C.), a mother, i. e. any
mother, the mother of anyone; collect.
ékasinneunk, mothers, collectively or as
a class, all motherhood. From the
same root as 6hke, the earth, com-
pounded with 6édas, animal, animate
being, or with -ussu, the verb of ani-
mate activity, the producing animal,
the animate producer; but the form is
that of the verb dkasu, she produces;
ékasoh, she produces him or her; éka-
suoh, she produces them. Cf. @m, he
goes or proceeds from; wutcheu, he be-
gins, comes from or out of; ashoh,
éshoh, father, ete. awiitchéhwau is evi-
dently the caus. an. (wutchehhuau) from
wutcheu, he proceeds from or originates
from.

); in com-

adchu]

position -adchu: nusadchu [misst

298 BUREAU OF

mountain—continued.

kah wadehu, ‘mountain and hill’, Luke |

3, 5; pl. wadchuash; dimin. wadchue-
mes, 2small mountain, a hill; wadchue-
kontu (among the mountains), ‘in the
hill country’, Josh. 138, 6 (ntaquat-
chuwatmen, L go up hill; taguatchowash,
go (thou) up hill; R. W.; Del. wachts-
chink, on the hill; wachtschunk vw’ da, I
am going up the hill, Hkw.).
mourn, mu, he cries (mduo, to ery and
bewail, R. W.; nen nwmmou, I bewail,
C.); vbl. n. mauonk, maonk, a erying
(maonk, moumoonk, C.). Freq. maue-
mau, he mourns for (him); vbl. n. maae-
moonk, a mourning (moumoonk, weep-
ing, C.); v. i. maumuttam, he mourns
(nummomiittam, I lament, C.). See
cry.
mouse (?), mishabpuhquas, mishabohquas,
‘the mouse’, Ley. 11, 29; Is. 66, 17.
Cf. mattabpusques, the bat; Abn. 8aii-
bigSsés8, ‘souris’; Ill. acosioa, rat.
mouth, mutton, a mouth; nutton, my
mouth; kutton, thy mouth (Peq. cuttd-
neegé, mouth, Stiles); wutton, hismouth
(wuttdne, R. W.).
move, mamonchu, he moves or is in mo-
tion (denoting voluntary motion by
animate agency); suppos. mamonchit,
when he moyes: nishnoh oaas noh ma-
monchit, ‘everything ... that moy-
eth’; freq. from monchu, he goes.
mamontunnum, he moves, i. e. imparts
motion to (it), he puts (it) in motion:
nippe, he moyes the
waters, John 5, 4; suppos. mamontunuk,
when he moves (his lips), Proy. 16, 30.
ontohteau, ontahtau, (it) is moved (from
place to place), it is removed; pish on-
tahtauun, it shall be removed. ontattau,
he moves (it) from its place, he re-
moves (it); ontattaush, ontatoush kus-
seet, remove thy foot; noh ontattunk, he
who remoyes (it). ontashau, he moves
(him), removes (him) from one place
toanother. ontappu, he is moved (from
his former place to a place where he is
now at rest), he remains moved: God
noéeu appu, matta pish ontappu, ‘God is
in the midst of her, she shall not be
moved’; ontapush, ontsapish, be thou
removed. Cf. ontham, he puts out, ex-
tinguishes; ohtam, uhtea, it goes out.

momontunnum

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|

[BULLETIN 25

| move—continued.

See stir. popomshau, he moyes about,
Gen. 1, 2; freq. from pomushau, he
walks.

mow, mu«anissimmin, to cut or mow grass,
Rk. W.

much, macheke, an intensive used to ex-
press degrees of comparison, El. Gr. 15:
anue macheke, much more; macheke onk
nen, more than I; imacheke macheke,
very much, exceedingly; noh macheke
anumauut, ‘to whom much is given’,
Luke 12,48. muttae, very (valde): mut-
tae macheke, exceeding much; muttae

good. anuwodt
[anue-woh-adt?], too much, more than
enough. See how.

mud, pissag, pissagquan, mire, mud ( pis-

wunnegen, exceeding

sugk ut toumdyog, dirt in the streets,
C.); pisseogquayeuonk, oy, miry place;
pisseogqusheau, it is sticky, it sticketh,
adhereth. Cf. puppissi, dust, dirt.

multitude, muttdanmog, muttdanwog,
(they are) very many, a great many
persons; vbl. n. muttannunk, persons
collectively, the many; suppos. matlad-
nukeg, (when they are) very many, the
multitude.

mummychog, moumittearig (pl.), ‘alittle
sort of fish half as big as sprats, plenti-
ful in winter’, R. W.
aog, pass. and recipr. of mohmoéog, they
gather themselves together; schoolfish.
The fish deseribed is doubtless the
smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), but the
name, in a corrupted form, has been
transferred to another species.

murder, nushehteau, nashteau, he is a
murderer, he commits murder; n. agent.
nushéhteaen-in, a murderer (shehteden,
‘bloody man’, Ps. 5, 6); vbl. nushéh-
teaonk, shehteadonk, murdering, murder

I kill, C.). Intrans.
subjective form of nushau, he kills.
kemineiachick, murderers, R. W. [as-
assins? From kemev, in secret ?]; kuks-
kemineantin, you are the murderer,
ibid.

murmur, maomoskowau, mamaskquenau,
he murmurs (mmmoasquenwmwonate, to
mutter; mamoaskmwonate, to murmur;
num-momaskmwam, I murmur, C.);
an. momokomau, he murmurs at or
against (him); inan. mamasqueuttam,

mohmoettinne-

(nun-nishteam,

TRUMBULL]

murmur—continued.
he murmurs at (it); vbl. n. mamasko-

woaonk, a murmuring; momaskomima-

onk, muttering, murmuring.

musical instrument, puhpéquon, pl.
ash; puhpequau, he makes music; mo-
nopuhpeg, a trumpet ( puhpeeg, a trum-
pet or music, C.). Cf. puhpeg, a dance,
an instrument of music, Ps. 144, 9.
From puhpihki, hollow.

muskrat, musquash (musquassus (pl.),
Smith’s Descr.of N. England, 1616. ‘‘The
muskewashe is a beast that frequenteth
the ponds’’, Morton’s N. E. Canaan.
Abn. m8sk8éss8, Rasles), Fiber zibethi-
cus [musqui-6ads, red animal].

must, mos, shall or must, auxil. Eliot
gives ‘‘mos, pish, shall or will’’, as
words ‘‘signifying futurity, added to the
indicative mode to express the time to

come’’, El. Gr. 20; but, strictly speak- |

ing, mos expresses obligation or neces-
sity, pish simple futurity: mos nun-
nup, I must die, Deut. 4, 22; ne mos
wmh, it must needs be so, Mark 13, 7
(moce, mesh, R. W.; mesh na@nchem pé-
yaum, Leould not come; moce, instantly;
mdish, even now, ibid.). mache, it

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

bo
le}
je)

| must—continued.

| shall or must be, expressing obligation
or necessity for future action [for mos-
wutche or mo-atche}: mache ken pannup-
wusham, ete., thou art to pass over
through, ete., i. e. it must be that
thou, ete., Deut. 2, 18;
tabuttantamauémun God, we are bound
to thank God, 2 Thess. 1,3. ont, used
by Cotton, sometimes for the verb to
| be, sometimes apparently as a mere ex-
pletive, was sometimes employed to ex-
press conditional obligation or necessi-
ty—should or must—in a conditional or
conjunctive proposition: noh kodtantog
aiuskoiantamunat .. . woh nuk-
kodtam, he who would repent must
forsake (his sins), C.
are similarly used by C. Mather ( Notit.
| Ind. 55) and in the title of the Indian
Laws. Cotton’s Vocabulary gives pish
nunnup, L shall die; nont pish nunnup-

moche nut-

nont

kisnont, kusnunt,

pumun, ‘you [we] must die’; mukkit-

| chogqtisog nont puhpiog, boys will
play.

myself, nuhhog [whogk], my body, my
person, myself. Cf. Del. 1’ hakey, my
body, myself, Zeisb. See body.

NG

nail, kenuhwheg, pl. +-ash [for kenehheg,
kenaiheg, that which is sharp?].
uhtugquonk, keneh-uhtug, sharp wood, a
wooden pin. Cf. wénkéntug, ‘a pin’ to
hang things on, Ezek. 15, 3, but lit.
a wooden hook (wonkiuhtug, crooked
stick). See pin.
muihkos, mihkas, the nail of a man,
the hoof, claw, or talon of an animal;
pl. muhkossog; wuhkossog, wuhkassog, his
nails (mokdssuck, nails, R. W.) [uhk-
ussu, the an. form of uhquaeu, (it is)
pointed. Cf. whquon, a hook; uhque,
extreme, etc. See end].
naked, poskeu, (he is) naked; y. i. an.
poskissu, poskussu, (he is) naked, i. e., is
stripped, made bare, is become naked
(patiskesu, suppos.
‘naked men and
nupposkis (nipposkis, R. W.), I am
naked; poskis kuhkont, ‘make bare thy
head’, Is. 47, 2; poskissegk, make your-

pl. pauskesitcheg,

ken- |

women’, R. W.); |

naked—continued.
| selves bare; vbl. n. poskisseuonk, poskis-
| suonk, nakedness (a making bare). pos-
kinum, he uncoyers, makes (it) bare:
| poskinum wuhpit, he makes bare his
| arm, an. poskinau, posekinau, he makes
| (him) bare, strips (him) naked; hence,
he buries (him). See bury.
séhheau, he causes (him) to be naked,
makes (him) naked.
| name, wésuonk (El., R. W.,and C.), the
name of a man; muésuonk, his name;

poskis-

name(vbl. n. from wssowessu, heiscalled,
he is named; lit. a calling, appellatio).

| See call by a name (nominare).

|; namely, nahnane, namely, ‘viz’;

eecidkestzar@:

narrow, pemayogok, peénogok (of a path

or way, Matt. 7, 13, 14; peemdyagdt, a
little way, R. W.). tottddchi aiyeuonk,
‘narrow compass’, C. (?).

|
| , ;

| nowéesuonk, my name; kowésuonk, thy
|

|

|

nene,

300 BUREAU

nation, mutohtimoin (wuttohtimoin, C.);
pl. -méneash; n. collect. wutohtimoin-
neunk, the nations, collectively or cor-
porately.

naught. See bad; no.

navel, menwee; weenwee, his navel [men
néeu, the middle or center].

near, pasm, pdhsu, (it is) near ( paswu,
‘lately’, El. Gr. 21; paswese, soon, in a
short time, C.); pasa@che, a little way
off (after verb of motion) [pasm-ache]:
monchu pasoche, he went to a short
distance, a little way off. paswohteau, it
is near, it draws near; pasatappu, he is
near, i. e. he remains near; suppos. noh
pasotappit, noh paswopit, he who is
near; pl. neg pasotapitcheg, neg paswo-
pitcheg, they who are near. pasatshan,

he comes near (quickly, suddenly, or

with violence); pasmtshaush, come thou

near. pasa@sukau, he is going near; noh
pasukog, he who is coming or going
near; pasosukiitch, let him come near,
let him approach. pasmau, he brings
(him) near to; suffix up-pasow-uh, he
brought him near to him; paswk, bring
ye (them) near; ef. paudtau, he brings
it near.

nearly, nahen, almost, nearly (ndhen,
C.): nahen nuppo, he is ‘at the point
of death’, Mark 5,

necessary, needful, quenauct, it is nec-

23.

essary, Iixp. Mayhew, MS (nonat or |

quenauat, ‘to be wanting or defective’,
C.; quenauadte, necessarily, ibid.).
pasuk ne woh aunag, ‘one thing is need-
ful’, Luke 10, 42, i. e. one thing which

nawhonk, ‘it is needful’,
See want.

must be so.
Acts 15, 5.

neck, miussittipuk (missitteippeg, C.; sitchi-
puck, R.W.); wussittipuk, his neck; pl.
+anash.

need. See necessary; want.
needle, ahdmaquésuuk, ahamogquésuuk

(ohhamaquesuuk, C.; maumichémanege,
R.W.); adj. ahémogquestie, made by the
needle, needle-worked.

neglect, mishanantam, he neglects, C.
See despise.

neighbor, w¢étateamung-anin, a neighbor;
netatteamung (netohteamonk, C. Mather),
my neighbor; weetatteamung, his neigh-
bor; pl. +og.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

a (bird’s) nest:
omwadshat, from her nest. Cf.
@ch, proceeding from; wutche, from;
wadchu, he comes or proceeds from.
net, hashab, hashabp, a net for fish, pri-
marily vegetable fiber or fibrous ma-
terial; pl. +-pog (dshdp, dshdppog, C.;
ashop, R. W.; Del. achqudneman, a
bushnet, Hkw.). quomphunk (some-
thing to dip up with), a scoop net (?).
new, wuske, weske, young, new: wuské

nest, wadsh,
wutch

wadtch,

teag, anew thing; wuske monak (wiiska-
nuit, R. W.), new cloth; wuskoshim,
wuskishim, a young animal; weske kut-
chissik, in the beginning, Gen. 1, 1, i.e.
when (what is) nearly began. Related
to asqg, ashk, ete.

news, wnnaunchemmkau, he tells news;
vbl. n. wunnaunchemakaonk, aunchema@k-

aonk, news, tidings (achmaonk, tomnuh-

| tammonk, C.) an. aunchemmkauau, he
tells (him) news (aaunchemdka, tell
me your news; aunchemokauhettittea, let

us discourse or tell news; tockettdun-
chim, what news? R. W.;

I tell,
wunnaunchemokauonk, ‘I communicat-

ed to them the gospel’, i.e. I told them
2,2. See inform; speak.
night, nukon (nukkon, C.); pl. +ash; nuk-
kondeu, nohkog, by night, in the night

| (ndtikocks, 15 Ni))8 wae
nohkog, on that night. From nakeu,
he descends or goes down (?), or from
See

nuttindnehim,
C.); nuttinaunchemmkauondoh

good news, Gal.

nokanndwi,

|
| nukkonau, he leaves, deserts (?).

| day.

| night-hawk, peeksq, Lev. 11, 16; Deut.

le ay,

nine, paskwmgun, pasukwgun (-+tohsi or
tahshe, pl. an. tahsuog, inan. tahshin-
ash). ninety.
nabo paskagun, nineteen.

no, not, matta, mat, matchaog, ‘adverb
of denying’, no; ‘‘also mo sometimes
signifieth no’’, El. Gr. 21; matteag,
matta teag, moteag, monteag, nothing;
ohtoou moteag (Prov. 13, 4), ohtoou mat-
chaog (Proy. 18, 7), he has nothing
(machdug, no or not; machdge, nothing,
not so; mdtta nowduwone, | knew noth-
ing; matta nickquéhick, want it not; ma-
chage nickquehikémina, I want nothing;
mat endno, it is not true; mat noleaatico,

paskogun tahshinchag,

TRUMBULL]

no, not—continued.

I have no money, R. W.; Narr. mat-
tuks, no, Stiles; mdtia, no, not; mat-
nequt, not at all [not one, mat nequt];
malta webe, not only, C.; Del. makhta,
tuh, Zeisb.; mdtta, no; ta, no (a lazy
no); tagv, no, not; atta, ta, no, no; tuk-
tani, taktaani, I don’t know, Hkw.).
wanne, without, destitute of:
nippeno, there was no water in it;
wanne wutoshe, without a father, hay-
ing no father; wanne howane, there was
no one (left), Num. 21, 35. ahque, do
not (refrain from, leave off), ‘adverb
of forbidding’, El. Gr. 21. See do not.
The negative verb is formed from the
affirmative by interposing the diph-
thong @ betwee: the radical and the
syllable following, as mwadchanumun,
he keeps it; @wadchanuwmaun, he does
not keep it. It is usually accompanied
by mat or matta, forming a double nega-
tive. The 2d pers. sing. of the im-
perative negative is formed in -dhkon or
-uhkon (from ahque, do not), as kum-
motihkon, ‘thou shalt not steal’, ete.
Strictly this is the imperative of pro-
hibition or dehortation rather than of
simple negation.

wanne

noise, wadtauatonkqussuonk (vbl. n., the
making of a sound, a voice), noise.
See voice.

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY

|

301

northwest—continued.
[wind]’, R. W.; chékesiteh, when the
wind blows northwest, ibid.; Chekesu-
wand, the Western God, ibid.; puh-
tadtuniyeu and maquamittinniyeu, from
the west, Mass. Ps.); wutcheksuayeu,
westward, to or from the west, Gen.
18, 14.

nose, mutchan, a nose, the snout of an
animal; kutchan, thy nose; wutchan, his
nose; pl. +-ash (Peq. wuchatin, the nos-
trils; kuchijage, [your] Stiles;
mutchén, a nose, C.).

not. See do not; no.

notwithstanding, onch, yet, notwitb-
standing. See yet.

nourish, assamau, he gives food to (him);
sohkomau, he nourishes, continues to
feed (him). See feed.

now, yeuyew (by redupl. from yeu, this).

number. See count.

numerals.
[NoTE.—Notcompleted. See one, two, three,
etc.]

nose,

| nurse, nanowctea, anurse (a keeper, over-

noon, pohshequaeu, (it is) noon; pohshe- |

qude, at noon (paushaqiaw, pawesha-
qiaw, R. W.; pohshequae, C.). From
pohshe, half. See day.

north, ndnumiyeu, nannummiyeu, nan-
nummau, to, from, or at the north,
northward; nanuwmit, the north wind
(nanimmatin and sunnddin, R. W.).

northeast wind, chepewéssin, R. W.; sd-
chimoachepewéssin, a strong northeast
wind, ibid. Is this from cheepie-ussu,

caused by the evil spirit, as contrasted |

with sowanishew, the southwest wind,
‘the pleasingest, warmest wind in the
climate’, from sowwaninii, the south-
west, where ‘the Gods chiefly dwell’
(R. W. 83)?

northwest, wutcheksuau, northwestward,
Acts 27, 12 (chékesu, ‘the northwest

21,

|
]

seer), R. W. [ndndwehteou, he keeps
(nunndnaueehtoo, I keep, C.)].
nut, annachim, pl. +-inash, nut, nuts, C.;
acorns, R. W.
Del. quim, ‘anut growing on a tree’ (?);
wunachquim, an acorn, Hkw., who fan-

ct. anducheminneash,

cifully derives it ‘from wunipach [wun-
nepog], a leaf, nach, a hand, and quim,
a nut growing on a tree’, meaning ‘the
nut of the tree the leaves of which re-
semble a hand’ (Corresp. 407).
teateaminash, nuts, Gen. 43,11. Abn. pa-

pad-
gaiin, pl.-nar, noix, Rasles. Del. im’ sim,
hickory nut [masi-min, smooth nut];
ptucquim, walnut [petukqui-min, round
nut]; wapim, chestnut [wompi-min,
white nut]; schauwemin, beech nut
[noshinne-min, angular nut?], Hkw.
Virginian sagatamener, osamener, pum-
muckoner, ‘kind of berry like unto an
acorn’, used to make bread and for oil;
sopummener, ‘kind of berry like unto
an acorn’, ‘of this sort they make
bread’; mangummenauk, ‘the very
acorn of their kind of oak’, boiled with
fish or flesh, Tracts app. to Brereton,
3M. H. C. vu, 120.

302 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 20

O

offer—continued.

oak tree, notinis pl. nootimisseash (pau-

gatemisk, R. W.; pohkuhtimis, white oak;
wesattimis, red oak; wesokkimk, (red?)
oak wood, C.; Abn. anaskamesi, oak
which bears acorns, Rasles).
oath, chadchekeyeuwdonk (vbl. n. from
chadchekeyeuau, he swears or vows; lit.
he speaks vehemently, El. Gr. 21).
obey, noswétau, he obeys (him), pri-
marily he follows (him); nasweetash,
obey thou (him); nasweetwk, noswehtok,
obey ye (ken nowswetah, obey thou me;
noswehtau Manit, obey God, C.); with
inan. obj. nwswétam, néswehtam, he
obeys (it, as a command, a law, ete. );
noswetama@k, obey ye; vbl. n. naswehta-
méonk (noswetammonk, C.), obedience,
an obeying; mat noswehtamdonk, diso-
bedience. From nasweu, he serves, he
yields. (he believes,
trusts to), heobeys (him). ‘‘This word
they use just as the Greek tongue doth
that verb mioreverr, for believing or
obeying, as it is often used in the N.

wunnamptauau

offspring, neechanog (pl.); n.

he sacrifices (him, an. obj.) to: nag
sephausmog wunnaumonaoh . . . mat-
tannittoh, they sacrificed their sons to
devils, Ps. 106, 27; vbl. n. sephausuonk,
an offering, sacrifice; n. agent. sephav-
suaen, one Who makes offerings, a sacri-
ficer, a priest; sephamauau, he offers
sacrifice to, or he sacrifices (it, inan.
obj.) to. ompontinnum imaga@onk, he
sends an offering (i. e. a gift ora tribute)
Lompwunnau, he is tributary to].
collect.
wunneechdneunk, offspring collectively,
all children, Rom. 9, 8. See child.

often, nohnompit [when it is repeated;

suppos. from nohnompu], oftentimes.
moochekit when it is many
times (machékit, némpe, often, C.; kén-
kitchea, ayatche (for adtahshe), as often:
ayatche nippéeam, I am (come) often
here, R. W.). adtashe, ahhut tahshe, at-
toche, uttooche, as often as, as many
times as [adt tahshe].

nompe,

Testament: coandumatous, I believe you
or I will obey you’’, R. W. From |
wunnamptam, he believes.
object, teig (thing, q. v.).
odor, asumungquot, asumunkquok, smell,

oil, pummee (pummee or samme, C.).
From pummoh, the sea, i. e. pummde,
of the sea.

ointment, susseguéonk (anointing; vbi.
n. from sussequn, he anoints).

old, kéhchis, kutchissu, (he is) old, an old

odor; imatchemungquot, a bad smell;

weetimungquot, sweet smell, perfume;

matchemunggussuonk, a bad smell pro-

ceeding from or caused by an animate

being; so wuttissumunkqussuonk, ‘his
smell’, Gen. 27, 27.

offer, pummunum, pumminnum, he offers,
devotes (it) to a superior; freq. pau-
paumunau, he offers or presents (him) ;
suffix wppaupaumenuh, he offers them.
Eliot uses this word to express the
offering or consecration of objects to
God, not sacrificial. Cf. ‘‘Primpom,
a tribute skin when a deer is killed
in the water. This skin is carried to
the sachem or prince within whose
territory the deer was slain’’, R. W.
magou, he offers; ummagun, he offers

it; see give. séphausu, he offers sac-

rifice (seephausu, it is offered or sacri- |

ficed); sephausineau, he offers (it) in
sacrifice, he sacrifices (it); sephausauau,

man; pl. kehchisog, kutchisog, old men,
elders, seniores. Theinan. formissome-
times, though rarely, used, as kehchi-
yeue ketassot, an old king; pl. kéhchiog
(an. inactive), the old, the ancients
(kitchize, R. W.; kehchius, C.; Del.
kigeyi lenno, an aged man, Hkw. ‘‘Chise
is an old man, and kiehchise a man that
exceedeth in age’’, E. Winslow’s Re-
lation, 1624. kutchinnu, a middle-aged
man (?), R.W.).
an old woman (weénise, pl. -suck, R.W.;
Del. an aged woman;
chauchschisis, a very old woman, Hkw. ).
hémes, pl. -suck, an old man, old men,
R.W. mahtauntam, mohtantam, (he is)
old; nwmmohtantam, L am old; suppos.
when old (mattatintam,
‘very old and decrepit’, R. W. Del.
mihilusis, ‘an old man worn out with
age’, Hkw.) This word has nearly

kehchisqua, kutchisqua,

gichtochqueu,

mahtauntog,

TRUMBULL]

old—continued.
the same relation to kehchis as the
Latin senium to senectus: mohtantam
primarily signifies he fails, decays,
is passing away. (Ger. ein alter Greis;
Fr. un yvieillard, un barbon, Notes to
El. Gr. xvii; see fade; decrepit);
kehchissu, an. of kehche, chief, superior,

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

303-

| one—continued.

guage, yet it is not improbably well
founded.

| one by one, nanaseu (an.), nandse.

onion, weenwiisog (pl.).

| only, webe: ken webe nussu, thou only;

denotes age entitled to respect, a su- |

perior by reason of age.
(he lives long, is long lived) he is
grown old, ‘stricken in years’, Gen.
24, 1.
reference to a measure of duration (toh
unnukkoohquiyeu noh nonksq, how old is
that girl? C.).
first), old, ancient (of inan. obj.):
nukkone seip, ‘ancient river’; nukkone
mayash, the old ways; nenegonneayeumh,
‘that which waxeth old’; yeush nuk-
kéneyeuukish, ‘these (are) ancient
things’. Cf. nukkonau, he leaves, for-
sakes, he is left, is forsaken. eatawiis,
‘it is old’ (cloth), R. W.; eataiibana,
old traps, ibid.

sepepomantam,

nukkéne (=negonne,

old age, kehchiyewunneat and kehchiseun-
neat (to be old; infinitive for noun), old
age: ut kukkehchiyeuunneat, in thy old
age; ut wunne kutchiseunneat, in a good
old age, Gen. 25, 8. mahtauntaméonk
(vbl. n. from mohtantam), old age, de-
crepitude, senium. nukkukquiyeuonk,
old age.

oldwife (Anas glacialis). See duck.

on. See stand.

once, pasukqut. See one (pasul).

one, nequt ( pasuk, nequt, C.; nquit, R.W.;
Peq. nuquit, St.; Muh. ngwittah, Edw.;
Del. gutti, n’gutti, pasuk [for pédsuk,
a diminutive?]
“nequt, a thing that is past; pasuk,
a thing in being’, C.; pdschuk, ‘a
true Mohicanni word for one, and
so I suppose neqgut to be, in its proper
place’, Hkw.; Abn. pezek8; Chip.
paizhik; Cree péyak, one; piuk, ten).
See Heckewelder’s observations on
nequt (n’gutti), pasuk, and other Dela-
ware words for one, in Notes on
Eliot’s Grammar, xly. The distine-
tion indicated by Cotton does not seem
to have been observed by Eliot, Wil-
liams, or other early writers of the lan-

nukkukquiyeu, he is old, with |

(pdusuck, R. W.; |

matta ne webe, (not that only) not only
nont(?): webe nont God, ‘but [ex-
cept] God only’, Mark 2, 7; pasuk nont
God, ‘there is but one God’, one God
only, Ind. Primer ( pasuk navint Manit,
there is only one God, R. W.).
quittegheon, only son, Luke 7, 12; 9, 38.

so.

nuk-

| open (adj. ), wéshwi, (itis) open; wéshwoh-

tée (woshwohteau, it is) open, i. e. made
or become open, opened: wéshwohtde
mutton, openmouth; suppos. part. wdsh-
wohtag, (when it is) open: woshwohtag
wisg, an open vessel, i. e. a vessel when
open; wéshwetashine, opened, open, as

a door or gate, Rey. 3, 8. pohquaeu,
(it is) open, manifest, clear; ady.
openly; pohquadchit —( pucqiatchick,

R. W.), in the open air, out of doors.
See clear.

open (v.), wohshinum, woshwunnum, he
opens (it): woshwunnumok kenogkaneg,
open the window; woshwunnuim squont,
= wohshitanum, he opens the door (nw-
woshwiinum, L open, C.); suppos. woh-
shinuk, wéshinug, when he opens (it);
caus. inan. wohshitanum, woshwetanum,
he opens (a door, gates, etc.), i. e. he
makes it open: wohshitanush or wohshi-
tanush squont, open thou the door; an.
wohshitanumau, he opens the door to
(him) ( pauquanamiinnea, open me the

door, R. W.).

opposite, anaquahit, (when he is) oppo-

site; anaquohtag, (when it is) opposite;
before. piuhsuke, over against,
opposite to; freq. pdpiuhsuke, recipro-
cally opposite, over against each other;
see against.
queu, (he is) opposite, on the other
side, he opposes: howan amque? ‘who is
my adversary?’ Is. 50, 8; suppos. part.
pl. nag ayeuqueagig, ‘our adversaries’,
opponents, Neh. 4, 11; hence ayeuuh-
konau, he opposes, goes on opposing,

see

aoque, anhqueu, ayeu-
, Y > “

makes war upon, fights with; neg nut-
tayeuuhkonukquog, dahkonukueog, our
enemies; see against; war; cf. nuh-

304 BUREAU

opposite—continued.
quaeu, he looks toward, faces, = 1’ a@h-
quaeu (2).

or, asul.

order (n.), kuhikuhwaonk (order of succes-
sion or position).

order (y.). See command; shape.

orderly, in order, hohtééu, hohtdeu,
‘from time to time’, Ezek. 4, 10, 11;
‘in order’, ex ordine, Acts 11, 4. kuh-
kénauwe, kuhka@wée, in order, orderly
[kuhkenaihheau, freq. from kenaihheau,
kenauwehheau, he shapes, forms, fash-
ions]. ;

ordure. See dung.

orphan, fovi tauwiés [toueu-
ussu, he is deserted, left alone; or
dimin. from toueuw]; pl. +-0g (towiiwock,

touwiés,

fatherless children, R. W.). See de-
serted.
other. See another; other side.

other side, ongkomaé, ogkome, on the
other side of (beyond): ogkomde pum-

meneutunkanit, on the other side of the |
wall (acdéwmuck noteshem, ‘I came over |

the water’, I came from the other side
Logkomut],R.W.; acawmendakit Logkome-
ohkit], ‘from the land on the other side’,
England, ibid.). onkoue (onkkoue, C.),
beyond, behind, on the other side of.

otter, nkeke, pl. nkéquock, R. W.; nké- |

quashunck, an otter-skin coat, ibid.;
Alg. nikik, Lahontan. From nekikau,
nenekikau, he tears, scratches.

ours, nuttaihéin, it is ours (partic. pl.);
kuttaihéin, itis ours (gen. pl.) (nenauun,
ours, C.).

out. See draw out; pour out; put forth;
spread out; stretch out; wear out.

out of, wutche. See from.

out of doors, pohquadchit.
open.

outside, pohquodchiyeu, (it is) on the
outside of, in an open place; see clear.
woskeche, without, outside of: woskeche

See clear;

. 2. wunonk, qut anomut, ‘the outside
of the dish, but within’, Matt, 23, 25,
26; and woskeche . . anomut, out-

wardly . within, vy. 28.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

over. See above; other side.

overcome, sohkom, he overcomes, con-
quers (it); an. sohkau, he overcomes
(him). See conquer.

overflow, aniuwutchuwan, anitchuan, it
overflows; anitchuwanne, overflowing.
See flow.

oversee. See overseer; govern.

Overseer, nanowétea, ‘an orderer and
ruler of their worship’, R. W.; neen-
nanowwinnemun, I oversee it, ibid.;
nanoduwetea, “a nurse or keeper’, ibid.

overwhelm, mihkuhkom, it covers, over-
whelms (it); wun-ntihkukkom-un, it coy-
ered it, Ex. 24, 15,16. From nokeu,
it descends, goes down.

owe, nmnamontukquohwhau, he owes
(him), lit. he is owed. unnontukquah-
whau, he owes, isin debt; suppos. part.
anuntukquohwonche, one who owes; toh
kittinnontukquohhuk, how much dost
thou owe to (him)? (kuttinnohtukquahe,
I am in your debt, C.; vb]. n. nummon-
tuhquahwhuttuonk, a debt, ibid.; vbl. n.

‘

pass. nohtuhquahwhittuonk, debt, ibid. ;
kunnanamarituckquaush, I will owe it
to you, R. W.; nonamautuckquahéginash
(pl.), debts, ibid.). See debt.

owl, whamaus (ohdmous, R. W.), kaoh-
kakhaus; kitchewewes, kehche kohkok-
haus, a great owl (Strix virginiana?) ;
wewes, the screech owl.

own, wadchanum, he owns (it), he pos-
sesses, has in keeping. See keep.

owner, suppos. noh waddehumit wadchu,
‘the owner cf the hill’, 1 K. 16, 24;
noh wadtdiheunitche, he who owns (an.
obj.); suppos. noh wadtathet, noh wadti-
héit, the owner of (an. obj.); pl. nag
wadtiheitcheg, the owner. See belong to.
noh ohtunk (he who possesses; suppos.
part from ohtau), the owner of (it); pl.
neg ohtunkeg, the owners. See have (v.).

oyster, chiinkw, apwonnah, C.; oppone-
naihock (pl.), oysters, R. W.; Narr. uh-
ponuhpug, Stiles; Peq. a’ pinnyhaug,
Stiles. From apwonau, he roasts, and
hogk, shellfish: the shellfish which are
for roasting.

TRUMBULL}

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

805

i?

paddle (n.),wwuituhhunk (uritkunck, R.W.;
pattous ne notehunck, bring hither my
paddle, ibid., =paudtash natluhhunk).

paddle (vy.), chemdu, he paddles or rows;
menuhke chemdog, they were ‘toiling in
rowing’ (rowing hard), Mark 6, 48;
suppos. part. pl. wame nohtge chema-
cheg, ‘all that handle the oar’ (who are
skillful rowers), Ezek. 27, 29 (imper.
chémosh, paddle or row; pl. chémeck,
paddle, R. W.).

pain, onkquanummonk, unkquanumoonk,
vbl. n. from unkquanumau, he suffers or
is in pain; elsewhere ongquomoma, he
isin pain; nut-onkquomom, Lam in pain;
vbL.n. onkquommomaonk, pain, torment;
from unkque, sore, grieyous, extreme.
See extreme. nchesammam, nchésam-
mattam, Tam in pain, R. W. See sore;
torment.

paint (n.), wunndm, ‘their red painting
which they most delight in’, R. W.
From wunne, handsome.

paint (v.), wussuckwhémmen, to paint,
R. W., whence ‘‘wusstiekwhonek, a let-
ter, for having no letters, their painting
comes the nearest’’; wussuckhésu, (he
is) painted, ibid. anogku, he
painted, he paints himself (aunakésu,

is |

he is painted; pl. aunakéuck, they are |

painted, R. W.;
paint, C.).

pale, wompekushonat, to be pale; wompe-
kushau, he is pale; wuskesuk wompeku-
shané, his face grows: pale (wompekish-

nut-annogkinum, 1

eeae wosketomp, a pale man; nwwomp-
pohkisham, | am pale; wompishkauonk,
paleness, C.). From wompi, white,
k’ progressive, with -ish denoting a bad
quality. Cf. gray.

palsied, nanunkqussu, nénunkkussu, (he
is) palsied, has a palsy; suppos. noh
nanunksit; pl. neg nanunksitcheg, they
who have the palsy. From nunnuk-
kunum, freq. of older form nukkunum,
he shakes, with an. active ussu. Cf.
nukkemo, it is shaken; nunnukshau, he
trembles, quakes.

pant, mehmehshandmau, he pants; num-
mehmehshanédmup, I did pant, Ps. 119,
131.

B. A. E., Buy. 25.

20

parched corn, appuminnednash (pl. ), uwp-
pum- (aupimmineanash, R. W.; aupi-
minea-nawsaimp, ‘the parched meal,
boiled with water, at their
which is the wholesomest diet they
have’, R.W.). From apwau, min: he
roasts or bakes corn or other fruit.

pardon. See forgive.

parents, «wchetuonguh,
(gen. construct), the parents of, his
parents: kwtchetuonganwméog, your par-
ents (wutchettuongdinog, ancestors, C.).
From wutcheu, wadchiyeu, suppos. wad-

houses,

wutchetuonguh

chit, he comes from. See come from.
part, nawutche, some, a part; opposed to
wame, all, the whole. chippi, chippe, a
portion, part, division; suppos. inan.
chippag (when it is divided or parted):
yaue chippi, yaue chippag, a fourth part;
piukque chippe (or chippag), a tenth
part; adv. chippeu, partly, in part.
partridge,
(paupock, pl. paupoeksuog, R. W.; Peq:

pahpahkshaas, pohpohkussu
papoquateece, quail; cutquauss, partridge,
Stiles. In Ex. 16, 13, Eliot has chw-
-chawaog, quails; but quailsog (obj. quail-
soh) is transferred in Num. 11, 31; and
pohpohquttog is used for quails, Ps.
105, 40. Muh. pahpahcogh, Jeti.; L. 1.
apacus, partridge ; ohocotees, quail, Wood;

Del. pabhacku, pheasant; popocus, par-
tridge (i.e. quail), Hkw.).

pass away, mahtsheau, mahsheau, it fails,
fades, passes away. See fade.

pass by, pomsheau, it is passed, it passes,
‘is over and gone’, Cant. 2, 11;
past’, Jer. 8, 20. paumushau, pamu-
shau, he passes by; pawmukauau, he
passes by (him); up-paumukaudh, he
passes by him, he goes by him ( pomu-
shau, he walks, he goes onward). See
walk.

pasturage, tannadtuppoonk, pasturing,
a pasture, vbl. n. from tannadtuppmog,
they feed or graze.

patch, meshashshionat, to patch, C.

path, may,a way,a path (mdyi, R. W.):
ayim may, he made a way; neen may,
I am the way; kishke mayut, by the
wayside (mayud, is there a way?; mat

‘is

mayaninno, there is no way; tounishin

306 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

path—continued.
méyi? where lies the way? R. W.).
From au, he goes to, aui, he goes, with
m’ indefinite. ‘‘ From aan, ‘to go’, is
derived eyaya, ‘whither I go’’’ (Chip. ),
Schoolcraft.

patient, manunnissu, he is patient; vbl. n.
manunniyeuonk, patient, being patient;
maninnissuonk, patience in exercise,
acting patiently. See slow.

pay, dadtuhkau, he pays (him); 6ad-
tuhkah, pay thou me (oadtuhkah eyeu,
pay me now, C.); inan. 6adtehtean,
madtehteaou, he pays (it), as money,
tribute, a vow, ete., he makes pay-
ment of (it); ddtehteash, pay thou; pish
kutéadtehteam, thou shalt pay (it) (vbl.
n. oadtehteaonk, payment, C.). kun-
naimpatous, kuk-keéskwhush, 1 will pay
you; keéskwhim teaugmesin, pay me my
money, R. W. pdum, he pays, ‘‘a
word newly made from the English:
cuppaimish, I will pay you”’, R. W. El-

6c

iot givesa paradigm of this verb in the |

suffix an. form (Gram. 28-58): kup-
paumush, I pay thee; nuppayum, I pay
him, ete.

peace, aquene, R. W.

peag. See wampum.

peak, hkussohkdi, kussohkdiyeu, on a high
peak or summit.

pekan. See fisher.

pen, mequn (a feather) (meek, a pen, C.);
méqunéhquog, a penknife.

penny, ompskot (6mpscat, R.W..; ompskod,
C.): nequt-ompskot (nequtomskot, Matt.
20, 2), one penny (nequittémpscat, R.
W.), i.e. one penny’s worth of wampum
(=a span?). Cf. nees-avimscat,. two
pence; nees-aumscussayi, two spans (of
wampum), R. W.

people, ninnimissindwock, ‘folk or peo-
ple’, R. W. See man (missin). chip-
pissuog, a people, a tribe (they who
are separate or by themselves), from
chippe, separate, and act. an. ussu. Cf.
chippanoonk, a tribe (collectively ).

perform. See do.

perhaps, paguodche, pagwodche ( pogquat-
che, ©.), it may be, perhaps. mamidt,
‘it may be that’, Gen. 16, 2 (ammiat,
perhaps, it may be; ammiate matteag,
maybe not, C.).

periwinkle, meteathock, ‘the periwinkle
[Pyrula carica or P. canaliculata], of
which they make their wémpan or
white money’, R. W. The wémpan
was made from ‘‘the stem or stock of
the . . . meteatihook, when all the shell
is broken off’. Possibly from méhtd-
uog, ear, and hogk, shell: ear-shaped
shell; possibly from muttde, abundant,
as distinguished from the rarer black
peag or suckauhock.

permission, winmugkanaittionk, C.

permit, wnnantam, he wills, intends,
purposes (it); an. unnanumau, he per-
mits (him); suppos. wananumit, if he
permit (him); inan. wnnantog, if he per-
mit (it), i. e. if he will (wnanumeh,

permit me, C.). See think.

person, howan, anybody, any person,
somebody; see any. N. collect. imut-
tannunk, persons (as distinguished from

| eattle, animals, or inanimate objects) ;
an. pl. muttdanmog (they are many ), the
multitude, many persons.

persuade, nupweshanau, he persuades
(him); suffix wun-nepweshan-uh, he

persuaded him (nunnupweshan, 1 per-
| suade, C.); act. an. nupweshassmau,
he exercises or uses persuasion (72p-
| weshashsménat, to persuade, C.); vbl.
n. nupweshassmwaonk, persuasion.
perverse, panneu, (it is) out of the way,
contrary; suppos. noh pannéont, ‘he who
is perverse’, who goes out of the way,
Proy. 14, 2. See astray; different.
pestilence, enninnedonk, pestilence, con-
tagious or infectious disease. weescu-
shidonk (wesauashationck, the plague,
R.W.; vbl. n. from wésauashatii, he
hath the plague, ibid.). wéséshdonk,
‘a fever’, John 4, 52; from wésani,
weesde, yellow, with -ish of derogation
or bad quality. See fever.
pestle, quinahsin: nashpe quinahsimnunk,
‘with a pestle’, Prov. 27, 22 [i. e.a
‘long stone’, quani-assun].
physic, maskehtu, moskehtu (maskit, R.
W.), i. e. herbs. See medicine.
physician, ponaskehtuden, one who gives
medicine [from ponam, he puts, ap-
plies; maskehtu, medicine]; ponaskehtu-
wosuen, one who is giving medicine, a
physician in practice [ponam-maskeht-
uss].

TRUMBULL]

pickerel, qundsuog (pl.), ‘a fresh fish
which the Indians break the ice in
fresh ponds, when they take’, R. W.
(Peq. quiinnoose, ‘pickerel or long-
nose’, Stiles; Abn. k8n8sé, pl.
brochet, Rasles). From qunnosu, he is
long.

piece, kodchihki, a piece, portion, or
fragment of (kodchiihki weyaus, a piece
of meat, C.): kodehiihki ohteuk, a part
of afield, Gen. 33, 19, = kodchuhkeohke,
Josh. 24, 32; kodchuhkeu petukqunnunk,
a piece of bread, Proy. 6, 26.
bit, a small piece or fragment, ‘a farth-

-sak,

ing’, Matt. 5, 26 (chohki, a minute of

time, C.)

pierce. See prick.
pigeon, wuskulwhun-an (wuskéwhan,
R. W..)-

pike, Alg. kinonge, Lah., whence mus-
kelonge. See pickerel.

pillow (?), appuhquassuma, uppuhg-. Ct.
dbuhquosik, uppohquos, a covering;

chogq, a |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|

abockquésinash, mats used for covering |

the wigwams, R. W.

pin, kenunkwhonk, kinnunkithonk; pl. -on- |

gash, (wooden ?) pins (ef. kenuhwheg,
a nail, from kenai, it is sharp; also
Abn. kaiiSis, kaiSiak, épine, Rasles).

ohhomaquesunk (for ohkom-?), a pin or

needle, C. wénkdéntog, a pin (to hang
? Py } 5

things on), Ezek. 15, 3; lit. a crooked |

stick [wonki-uhtug] or wooden hook.
In Num. 3, 37, and 4, 32, the English
word pin is transferred, wppinnumeash.

pine tree, kw, knwa (céwaw, R. W::
wawésuck, young pines, ibid.; kawds,
pine tree, C. Abn. k&é: Del. cuwe;
L. I. ew, Jeff. ).

pipe, hopudnck, R. W.:; tihpuankash,
pipes, and tihpaonk, tobaceo, C. Ct.
kogkehooponat, to be drunk, C.; uppa,
he feeds, eats. See eat.
gon, a pipe, R.W.; Peq. wuttummunc,
Stiles. Cf. wuttamduog, tobacco, R.W.
See smoke; tobacco.

pit, passohtheg, pussohtheg, passahtheg (pas-
sdhtamwog, they dig a pit); wOnogd, &

wuttdmma-

hole (petshonat ogqunat, to fall into a
pit, Matt. 12,11). See hole.

pitcher, pwthansh: uppothansh, ‘her
pitcher’, Gen. 24, 15, 20; adj. pathon-
chue nippe, a pitcher of water, Mark 14,
13. Elsewhere ‘pitcher’ is rendered

co- |

307

pitcher—continued.
by wisq, wisky (see vessel), and wuttuh-
huppaitch, Eccl. 12,6 (see draw water).
See Rasles, s. vy. cruche: ““potaiitss,
espece de cruche d’écorce, ronde en
haut’’, ete.

pity, kitteamonteanum, he pities. See
mercy.

place (n.), ayeuonk: kutayeuonk, thy
dwelling place; ayeuonganit, to the

place. Vbl. n. from ayeu, he is located,

~ he is in this or that place. See dwell;
high place.

place (v.), ponum, ponam, he puts (it);
upponanun, he puts it; nupponam (nup-
panum, C.), I put; ponsh, put thou (it);
ponwk, put ye (it); an. ponau, he puts
or places (him); suffix wpponuh, he puts
him; poneh, put thou me; kuppon kuh-
hog, thou placest thyself, Ps. 139, 5.
Cf. appu, he sits, rests, is placed (?).

plague. See pestilence.

plain (adj. ), pakke, clear, manifest.
clear.

plain (n.), mukkoshqut. See meadow.

plant, ohkehteau, ohketeau, he plants (v.
i. and t. inan. obj.): ohketeaog ohteu-
kénash, they plant the fields (auhee-
teatimen, quttdunemun, to plant corn;
aukeeteatimitch, planting time, R. W.;
nutohkeehteam, I sow or plant, C.);
pish kutohketeam, thou shalt plant;
Suppos. part. pass. ahketeamuk, when
it is planted, hence a plant; n. agent.
ohkehteaen-in, a planter, one who plants.
ohteuhkonau, he plants a field.
field.

play, pauochau, he plays, he is play-
ing; pauochatiog, they are playing, R.
W.; nippauochdumen, we are dancing,
ibid. Cf. neg péacheg, they who make
merry, Jer. 30,19. See merry. pompu,
pohmpu, he plays; pompuog, pohmpuog,
they play (puhpiiog, C.; nuh-puhpum,
I play, ibid.); vbl. n. pohmpuonk, pom-
puonk, play, sport (pompooonk, recrea-
tion; puhptionk, playing, C.; pohmpoo-
onk, Ind. Laws). nuk-kissatious, I play,
C., 1. e. I play at a game, I gam-
ble; akésuog, ‘they are at cards, or
telling of rushes’; wtakesemin, ‘Tl am
telling or counting; for their play is a
kind of arithmetic’, R. W.
onhémmin, ‘to play at dice’, i. e. by

See

See

WUNNAUG-

308 BUREAU OF
play—continued.
throwing painted plum stones (asavian-
ash) into a tray (wunndug), RAVE
please (?), wussekitteahhudnat, C.; nasse-
kittedh, 1 please, ibid. wékontam, he is

pleased. See glad.
Pleiades, «asishguttauog, Job 38, 31;

Amos 5, 8; but Roger Williams gives
this, shwisheuttowwduog, as the name of
‘the golden mete-wand’ (i. e. the belt
of Orion), and chippdpuock, ‘the brood
hen’ (or Pleiades). The latter is more
probably correct, since
wiuog or asishqultaog seems to be de-

shiisheuttow-

rived from shwe, three, and squtta, fire
(shwisheuttow, a wigwam with three
fires, R. W. 46),
(=chipappuog, El.) means they keep
apart, are by themselves, are separate.
plenteous, missegen, (it is)
plenteous, abundant: missegene ohke, a
plentiful land; suppos. ve masegik, that
which is plenteous or abundant, abun-
dance or plenty (as of a harvest, ete. ).
plenty. See abound; abundance.
plough, anaskham, he digs. See dig.
pluck, pahpasinum missunkquaminneash,

and chippapuock

mussegen,

he plucks ears of corn ( pohsunkquenum,
Matt. 12, 1). kodttihkom, he plucks;
nuk-kodtithkom, 1 pluck, C. (?). Cf.
kodtinnwn, he draws or plucks (it) out,
as a sword from the sheath, ete.; an.
kodinneh, pull me out, Ps. 31,4; kodnmk
notauit, pull ye (them) out of the fire,
Jude
plunder.
point, whquaeu, uhqude, at the point or
extremity of; rad. whk, uhq, a sharp
extremity, a point, the point of.
naiyag (When it is an-

92

20.

See rob.

See
end; extreme.
gular or cornering), an angle, corner, or
point (e.g. of land). See angle.

poison, tvihquoskeht, uhquoshket, unkquas-
ket, poison (of serpents, Ps. 140, 3; of
arrows, Job 6, 4): unkque unkquoshket,
“cruel Deut. 32, 33. From
unkque, cruel, sore, grievous.

pole, gunnuhtug [qurni-uhtug, a long
stick].

polished, kussenausue, Is. 49, 2.

pond, nippisse, nips [dimin. of nippe,
water], asmall body of water, a pool or
pond, often compounded with ’pog,

venom’,

*paug: nippissepog, nippissipag, nuppissi-

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|
|

[BULLETIN 25

pond—continued.
pag; en nippissepagwut, into the lake,
Luke 8, 33; yéai nippissepagwut, on one
side of the pool, 2 Sam. 2, 13; nuppisse
nippe, water of the pool, Is. 22, 11;
nips, a pool, John d, 2, 4, 7 (nippis, Mass.
Ps.; nips, pond, pl. nipsash, R. W.;
Peq. nuppsawaug, pond, Stiles) ;
sepag, ‘standing water’, Ps. 107,
nuppisse-appog, suppos. inan.
appu, he sits, remains in a place.
water.

poor, matchéku, (he is) poor; pl. matche-
kuog (matchékiie, poor; noi matcheka,

nuppis-
35, ie.
from

See

he is poor; num-matchek (num-macheke,
R.W.), Lam poor, C.); vbl. n. matcheku-
onk, poverty. From matchuk, when it
is bad, or matche, bad, with ’k progress-
ive, he is going on badly (?).

poplar tree, imeetwe, metwe.

porpoise,

| possess, ohitau, he has.

porgy, pl. misheuppatiog,
‘bream’, R. W., corrupted to ‘seup’,
‘scuppaug’, and ‘porgy’ or ‘paugee’
(Pagrus argyrops, Linn. and Storer).
The name is derived from the large,
close scales, mishe-kuppi.

mishetip,

tatackommdiog, porpoises,
R.W. (tatagkom, he strikes repeatedly,
keeps striking or beating; freq. from
togkom, he strikes).

See have (v.).
vadchanum, he has in possession, he
keeps (it). See keep.

_ possible, woh wnnag (if it may be so),

if it be possible; wame teanteaquasinash
woh wnihyeuwash, all things are possible
(may be so).
nunkquodt, (when it is) impossible, an
impossibility; malta noshkonunkquodti-
no, it is not possible.

noskonongquot, noshko-

post, nepattuhquonk, neepatunkquonk, a
post, pillar, stake, standing upright.

From népattau, it stands upright.
See stand.
posteriors. See behind; hind parts.
pot. See vessel.

pottage, sébahég, sebahég, sabahég [sup-
pos. inan. from saupdeu, sabde, it is soft,
thin, melting, when it is made soft or
thinned J.

ound. See beat.

our out, sokenum, sokanum, he pours
(it) out; nussokin, nussokun, I pour
(it) out; sohkenush, pour thou; sokenwk,

33

TRUMBULL]

pour out—continued.
pour ye; suppos. noh sohkenuk nippe,
he who pours water; suppos. part.
inan. sdékenug (that which is poured

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY

out), ‘a heap of corn’, R. W.; sokenip- |

pash (for sokenush nippe), pour thou

out water; an. sokenumauau, he pours |

(it) upon (him).
pours, it rains. See rain.
poverty, matchekuonk.
powder, svhguagy (suppos. inan. from

See poor.

aes E =|
sohque), when it is made fine or like

dust; sohquiyeu, sukquiyeu, in powder,
powdered. See fine. satipuck, R. W.,
sabuck, C., gunpowder.

pox, mamaskishatii, he hath the (small?)
pox, R. W.; mamaskishationck, the pox,
ibid.; mamaskishatimitch, the last pox,
ibid.

praise, waeenau, he praises; suffix an.
woweenomouh, they praised, commend-
ed him; wacenomau, he praises (him);
waeenodtum, woweenodtum, he praises
(it). See flatter.

pray, peantam (peeyaintam, R. W.), he
prays; pray; peanta-
mak, pray ye; an. peantamauau, he
prays to (him); suffix kuppeantamoush,
I pray (to) thee; vbl. n. peantaméonk,
praying, prayer; suppos. part. noh pean-
tog, he who prays.

precious, mishoadtue, mogoadtue [of great
price, mogke-oadtoae } ;
pl. waonégugish, waanegugish, precious
things; nompakou, a jewel, a precious
thing, a treasure; pl. -+-uwnash. See
treasure.

predict, quoshodtum, he prophecies (v. i.
or y. t. inan. obj.), he foretells or
predicts, he promises; vbl. n. quoshodtu-
onk, a prophecy, a promise, prediction;
n. agent. quoshodtumwaen-in, one who
predicts, a prophet; suppos. noh quosh-
odtuk, he who predicts. See promise.

pregnant, wompequaeu, wompequoou, she
ispregnant; adj. wompequde (wompiquo,
C.), pregnant, with child; vbl. n. wom-
pequauonk, -vudonk, conception, preg-
nancy. See conceive.

prepare, nanashwunnum, he prepares (it),
makes it ready; v. i. nanashweu, he pre-

nuppeantam, 1

mishe-oadtéae,

pares, makes ready; nanashwish, pre-

pare thyself; v. t. an. and inan. nana-
shwétamau, he prepares (it) for (him):

From sokanon, it |

309

prepare—continued.
nunnanashuetamau muweetuonk, I prepare
him a habitation, Ezek. 7, 14.
auwetam, quoshawehtam, he makes (it)

quosh-

ready beforehand, he prepares (it); freq.
quogquoshwehtam, quagwaswetam, qua-
quoshwehtam, he prepares (it); quag-
quoshwehtamamk wmmay, prepare ye his
way; an. quoshauwéheau, he prepares
(him), makes him ready. See ready.

prepuce, uhquieu, uhquae wodihquab.

presently, teanuk, immediately, quickly
(tedno, R. W).

prevail over, omskauau, he prevails
over (him), he puts (him) to flight;
suffix wut-omskau-oh, he puts him to
flight; v. i. act. omskdsu, he prevails, is
the conqueror. See conquer.

prey, tohqunnuméonk (vbl. n. from toh-
qunnum, he seizes, lays violent hold on).

price, dadlehteaonk, payment ( ybl.n. from
éadtehteau, he makes payment).

prick, konittequom (konnittihquom, C.), he
pricks (it); konnuksheau, it pricks or
pierces; suppos. kunukkashunk, kanuk-
shunk, when it pricks or pierces, pierc-
ing, penetrating; v. t. an. and inan.
causat. konukkéhtahwhau, he causes (it)
to prick or pierce (him), he pierces
(him) with (it): whkkénukkehtahwhoh
ukqunnihtugk, he pierced him with his
spear.

priest, pauwau (a wizard, witch, magi-
cian, etc., in Eliot’s translation), pl.
pauwauog (powwaw, a priest; pl. pow-
watiog, R. W. “These priests they
(the Indians of Cayenne) call peoayos;
we call them sorcerers.’’— De Vries,
Voy. to Guiana). Roger Williams gives
tavipowaw, ‘a wise speaker’; pl. taupo-
wmauog, ‘their wise men and old men (of
which number their priests are also)
... they make solemn speeches and
orations or lectures to them concerning
their religion, peace or war’, etc. (p.
112). Forkehtepowwuog, chief priests (?).

prisoner, kupshagkinau, he puts (him) in
prison; sufix ukkupshagkinuh, he puts
him in prison; pass. kupshagkinau, he
is in prison, and kupshagkinausu, he is
a prisoner; suppos. part. noh kobshag-
kinuk, he who is in prison, one im-
ptisoned; neg kobshagkinutcheg, they

who are in prison, and kobshagkinaus-

310 BUREAU

prisoner—continued.
utcheg, prisoners; vbl. n. pass. kobshag-
kinnittuonk, imprisonment (being im-
prisoned); ybl. n. act. intrans. kobshag-
kineausuonk, imprisonment (being pris-
oner). From kuppogki, it is closed,
thick, impenetrable, with ’sh of forced
or violent action, i. e. he is forcibly
shut up.

proceed, wadcheu,

wutcheu, wutchiyeu,

he proceeds from, i. e. originates in or |

is caused by; inan. pl. nish wutchiyeu-
ash Godut, these things are God’s, i.e.

belong to him, proceed from himas their |

origin or source; suppos. noh wajhit,
noh wadchiit, he who proceeds from (noh
wajhet mittamwossissit, he that is ‘born
of a woman’, Gal. 4, 4).
ontseu, he proceeds from, is the offspring
of: wanne ontseu, he is ‘ without descent’,

See from.

Heb. 7, 3; nutonsem kah nom Godut, ‘I
proceeded forth and came from God’,
John 8, 42; vbl. n. wut-onseonk, (his)
descent or lineage.
ceeds or moyes onward from one thing
to another: ohhontseég wutch machuk en
machukut, they proceed from evil to
evil. Cf. ontappu (ontsappu), he is re-
moved (nut-antséap, I moye, C.);
onthamun, it is put out (as fire or a

ohhontseu, he pro-

candle), it is extinguished; ontattau, he
moves (it); ontashau, he moves (him);
éontomuk, the matrix. kutechitt6ushau,
he proceeds onward, goes forward.
See begin; come from; go; move.

procure (?), nut-ahchuueehteom, 1 pro-
cure; nut-ahchwwehteomun, we procure,
©. Cf. adchaeu, he hunts (nutahehun,
T hunt, C.)

produce, witcheken, wutchegen, it pro-
duces, bears, yields, brings forth (inan.
obj. ): wutchegen meechum, it bore fruit.
adtannegen, dtannegen, tannegen, it
brings forth or produces (as the earth
plants, or a tree fruits): wutchegen
sonkuk onk dtannegen meechum, the
blade sprung up and brought forth
fruit, Matt. 13,26; na pishtannegen...
mehtugquash, there shall grow . . .
trees, Ezek. 47, 12; imperat. dtannékej
ohke moskeht, let the earth bring forth
grass, Gen. 1, 11. ummeechuminna, it
produces fruit; wunn-ummeechumiinna,
it produces good fruit; matt-ummeechum-
dunno, it produces bad fruit, Matt. 7, 18.

Pa

OF AMERICAN

| protuberance.

ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25
profit, teag nochiin, what am I profited?;
ochiin, it profits, it is profitable. From
wutcheu, it comes from (wanne teag
wutehieu, it profiteth nothing, Job 34,
9, i. e. nothing comes from it). Cf.
@tcheun, he made from (it), Gen. 2,
22. aneuham, he gains (it); suppos.
part. inan. aneuhhamuk, that which is
gained, profit; pl. nish aneuhhamugish,
things gained, profits; vbl. n. anewha-
mauaonk, gaining, profiting, profit.
progress. See come from; go; proceed.
promise, gudshau, quéshoau, he promises
(kane quéshowamwa, you promise well,
C.); an. quéshomau, suffix ukquoshau-
moh, he promi

him; kukquoshom,
thou promisest (it); vbl.n.quoshémdonk,
quoshatimuwdonk, a promising, promise;
quoshodtuonk, promising something, the
subject of a promise, the matter or thing
promised. From quoshde, (itis) before-
hand, in advance or anticipation. So
quoshde naum, he foresees (it).

pronounce, malta wussampwe mussohha-
moun, he does not pronounce it right,
Judg. 12, 6. sampwohquattumunat, to
pronounce right; wuttinnohquatumooon-
kinnw, their manner of pronounc-
ing, C.

proper (?), ne iimni, that is proper or
right; nenih or sampwi, right, C.; but
lit. ne unni, that which is so or such as.

property. See goods.

prostitute. See fornication; harlot.

prostrate one’s self, punneu, he falls
prostrate. See fall.

See swell.

proud, pehtudnumau, he is proud; suppos.
noh pehtuanumwit, he who is proud; vbl.
n. pehtudnumaonk, pride. Seehaughty.

prove. See try.

provoke, mmsqueheau, maosqgheau;
freq. and intens. mamasqheau, he pro-
vokes (him) to anger, causes him to be
angry (num-ma@masqueh, I provoke; mo-
mosquehhiionat, to provoke, C.); suffix.
ummomosgheouh, they provoked him.
Caus. from musquanumau, he is angry
with (him)?

pudendum virile, wkkosue pompuhchaei-
yeum; ukkésuonk.

pull. See pluck.

punish, samatahwhau: freq. and in-
tens. sassamatahwhau, he punishes or
chastises (him); nussassamatoh, I pun-

TRUMBULL]

punish—continued.
ish him (nussohsamdtoh, I chastise; nus-
sdsamitahh@am, 1 punish, C.); vbl. n.
pass. sasamdtahwhutteaonk, punishment
received, chastisement, being punished;
n. agent. sasamatuhhuwaen, one who
punishes or inflicts punishment.

pure, pohki, pahke (itis) clear, open, pure; |

an. act. pahkesu, he is pure. See clear.
purify, pahkheau, he purifies (him),

makes him pure; pahketeau, he purifies |

(it) [eaus. from pahke].
purple, siicki, black, R. W.; Peq. ’suggyo,
dark or black, Stiles; but the suckazi-

hock, ‘black money’ was in fact ‘black |

inclining to blue’, R. W. (‘of a violet
colour’, Morton, N. E. Canaan), made
from the purple margin of Venus mer-
cenaria, the round clam.

purpose, kesontam, kesantam, he purposes,
intends; nukkesontam, I purpose; vbl. n.

Q

quahaug. See clam.

quail, Peq. pauishoons, meadow quails
(meadow larks), Stiles. See partridge.

quarrel, he quarrels with
(him); recipr. mekénittuog, they strive
together, they quarrel; suppos. part.
noh mekonont, he who strives or quar-
rels (mecatitea, a fighter; wepe kummé-
cautch, you are a quarreller, R. W.).
See fight. miskisatiwaw, a quarrelsome
fellow, R. W.

mekonau,

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

pursue.
put.
| put away.
put forth, sohwunum wunnutcheg, he put

put to flight.

b1ll

purpose—continued.

kesantambonk, purpose. unnantam, he
intends, thinks, purposes, wills. See
think. pakodtantam, he purposes (re-
solves, determines); vbl. n. pakodtanta-
moonk, purpose, determination.

See follow.

See place (v.).

See cast away.

forth his hand; an. sohhawunau, he puts
(him) forth, thrusts (him) out (kus-
sawhoki, do you put me out of doors?
tawhitch, kussawhokiéan, why do you put
me out? R. W.). sonkehteau, it puts
forth, springs out, as buds or leaves from
a plant.

put into, petau, he puts (it) in or into;

suppos. inan. petunk (when it is put
into), a bag.
See prevail over.

| quench—continued.

| question,

queen, sonkisg, sonksq (saunks, R. W.), |

kehche sonksq, kehchissunkisg. See mis-
tress.

quench, ontham notau, he quenches, ex-
tinguishes, puts out the fire; ontha-
mun, it is quenched, extinguished. Cf.
notau uhtea, the fire goes out, Prov. 26,
20. See extinguish. whtappadtamuna,
it is quenched, extinguished; pass. part.
neg. matta woh tihtappattauémuk, (the
fire) shall not be quenched, Mark 9,

46, 48; notaw matta uhtapattodun, thes
fire is not quenched, y. 44 (tahtippad-
tauinat, to quench; nuttahtdppodtou, 1
quench, C.; ef. tahtippadtow nenan, he
cools my tongue, Luke 16, 24).

natatomauau, he questions
(him), asks him a question; natato-
muhkau, he continues to question,
makes inquiries [’k progressive]; vbl.
n. natatomuhteaonk, a question (natto-
tumwmehteaonk, C.). See ask.

: B awe: F
| quickly, tednuk. See immediately; pres-

ently.

| quiet, chequnappu, he is silent, he is still

(nut cheqiinnap, I am silent, C.). ma-
nunnappu, he is quiet, gentle, patient,

still, ete. See silent; slow.

quiver, petan; kuppetan, thy quiver; up-

petanwonut, in his quiver. From petau,

he puts it into; ef. petunk, a bag.

BUREAU OF

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

mR

rabbit, Peq. tupsads, Stiles. See coney.
raccoon, Wood), pl.
+ panuog (for pauuog?), R. W.; mohé-

atisup (ausupp,

wonck, a raccoon-skin coat, ibid.
rage, nun-nishquet, L rage, C. Cf. nash-
quitin, nashquit, a tempest, violent
storm.
rain, sokanon (sdkenun, anaquat, R. W.;
smkénon, C.; onndhquat, raining, ibid.
Peq. sohghean, Stiles; Abn. s&gherain;
Del. sokelaan, Hkw.); mogkinnon, much
rain; wishinnon, a great rain (nogkosse
sokénon, a shower of rain, C.); nisken-
non, nishkenon, vapor, fog, mist (smken-
rains, C.; sun swkénon? does it
rain? ibid.). Lit.
impers. verb, it rains, it pours out (act.
sokenum, he pours (it) out: sokanum

onni, it

sokanon, sokenon,

notau, he rained fire, Gen. 19, 24; nus-
sokun mussékon, I cause it to rain
hail, Ex. 9,18. See pour out). N. col-
leet. sokenunk, rain; nishkeneunk, ‘small
2

rain’, mist, Deut. 3:
rainbow, whkquanogquon, Rey. 4,4; 10, 1.
“raise, waapentim, waapurnum, he raises
(it) up, he lifts (it) up; suppos. waapi-
nuk wunnutcheg, when he raised up his
hand; an. waapenau, he rai (him),
lifts (him) up [from wadbeu, wadpu, it

rises, goes up]. tahshinum, he raises
(it), lifts (it) up; fohshinush kenutcheg,
lift up thy hand; suppos. tahshinuk,
when he raises (it) up; an. tahshinau,
he raises or lifts (him) up, and pass. he
is raised or lifted up; nutahshin, I lift up
myself; tahshin kuhhog, litt up thyself;
suppos. tahshinont, lifting or raising
(him) up; pass. part. suppos. tahshini-
muk, when lifted up. The radical or

primitive form tahsheu, tahshé, he lifts |

up, is employed in forming the numer-
als from five to nine and their deriva-

tives, denoting the number of fingers |

‘held up’. omohkinau, he raises (him )

up, causes (him) to rise. See rise.

ransom, man@ham, he redeems or ran-
soms (it); manmhuk ohteuk, if he re-

deem the field, Lev. 27, 19 (cummané-

hamin? have you bought it? cummand-
hamotish, I will buy it of you, R.W.);
an.manawhau, he ransoms( him); suffix

\

ransom—continued.

um-manouwhéouh, heransoms him; ybl. n.
Cf.
whau, he values (him), fixes a value on

manowhdaonk, a ransom. Wwunno-
(him); wunnawau, he makes an agree-
ment with, he covenants with.

rap, chuhchunkquttahham, he rapa or
knocks (at the door), Rev. 3, 20 (jut-
chohchunkquttahham, I knock, C.).

rather, feaogku, ‘rather, unfinished,’ El.
Gri 21, »

rattlesnake, sesek, R. W. (sesékq, sesegh,
‘adder’, ‘viper’, El.; pl. sesequdoq).

raven.

raw, aske (askew), (it is) raw, not ready
for use, immature Rice Wiss
askin, C., it israw; Abn. skiSi, crument,
étant cru, non cuit, Rasles); related to
ashq, asq, asquam, not yet, before; wuske,
new,
green ). raw
flesh; ashkéhtamunneau, he eats it raw.

See crow.

(askin,

young; askeht, grass; askosque,

askeyaus [aske-weyaus],

Cf. Ex. 12, 9. -osketamuk,in compound
words, ‘a raw thing’ (i. e. to be eaten

raw), C.: monoskettmuk, cucumbers,
‘or araw thing’, etc., C. See squash.

read, ogkétam, he reads, i. e. he counts
(the letters); suppos. noh ogketog, he
who reads (nutogkétam, I read; sun
woh kuttogketam, can you read? ©. ).

ready, quoshappu, he is ready [quoshae-
appu); quoshohteau, it is ready [quoshae-
ohteau); he (it)
ready, quo-

quoshinum, makes
(it); an.
shauwéheau, and freq. quaquashawweh-
he makes (him) ready, puts

him in readiness, prepares him; caus.

prepares caus.

heau,

inan. quoswehtam, quaquoshwehtam, he
makes (it) ready. nanashweu, hemakes
ready, prepares; he
makes (it) ready. See prepare; wait.
reason, wrnomdi, ennomai (unndmmai, en-

nanashiunnum,

nomaiyeuonk, C.; enomaiyeue, reasona-
ble, ibid. ), a reason.

rebellion, cheketammonk (cheketamée, re-
bellious, C.).

receive, attamunnum,
he receives (it); suppos. part. inan.
attumunumuk: ahquompi ne ahhut attu--
munumuk, ‘time for receiving’, 2 K-

mon
5, 26.

attumunnum,

TRUMBULL]

recompense, repay, onkquattantam,
onkquadtantam, he recompenses or
rewards (it); an. onkquattou, onkquat-
teau, he recompenses, rewards (him),

ENGLISH—-NATICK DICTIONARY

he pays (him) wages or hire; kutonk- |

quatoush, I will give you hire; kuppa-
pasku onkquatoush, I will render to you
double (kuttaiineckquittaunch, I will pay
you, R.W.); vbl. n. onquatunk (onquat-
onk, C.), a recompense, a reward, wages.

recover (from sickness), héfean (he
revives, is made to live), he recovers:
sun woh nuk-keteam? (pitch n’kéeteem?
R. W.), shall I recover? asq kongketeau?
is he (yet) well? asq keteau, he is well,
Gen. 29, 6 (nickéetem, I am recovered;
kongkeetedug, they are well, R. W.). See
live; well.

red, musqui, mishque, msqui, (it is) red; |

suppos. masquag, mashquag, mishquag,
when it is red (msgivi, R. W.; mishque,
C.; Peq.mesh’ piou, Stiles). Fromacaus.
form, m’squéhheau, it makes red, comes
the verbal noun musquéheonk, m’squé-
heonk, blood.

refrain, ahqueteaw (ahquehtou, C.), he
refrains, leaves off, desists. See do not
(ahque).

refuge, usphauwdonk, ushphowdonk, spih-
howdonk, ete., a refuge (vbl. n. from
uspihhawau, he flies to for refuge);
adj. usprihhawde ayeuonk, a place of
refuge. See fly (v.).

refuse, sekenam, sekeneam, (1) he refuses,
rejects; (2) he hates. jishantam, (1) he
despises, abhors; (2) he rejects, refus
See hate.

reins, muttmunussog (pl.), the kidneys,
the reins. See kidneys.

| rend.

rejoice, wekontam, he is pleased, he |

rejoices. See glad.
kauanatam (mishkouantam, C.), (1) he
rejoices greatly, is very glad; (2) he
boasts, makes his boast of (intrans. mus-
kéau, he boasts; vbl. n. miskéaonk, boast-
ing); muskouantash, rejoice thou; wekon-
tamok kah ahche muskouantamok, ‘re-
jJoice ye, and be exceeding glad’, Matt.
5, 12.

relation. See cousin; kinsman; uncle.

release, ompeneau, ompinneau, he releases
(him), looses (him). See loose.

muskouantam, mus-

|

remain, appu, he remains or rests in a |

place. See sit. sequnau, sequnneau, he

313:

remain—continued.

remains, he is left. sequnnwm, he leaves
remaining: sequnnum sequnittuonk, he
leavesaremnant; sequltahwhau, ashqueh-
tuhwhau, sequiteau, he remains (is a
remainder or reninant) of; suppos. part.
pl. neg sequttahwhut cheg, ashquehtahw-
hutcheg, they who remain, they who are
left (others being gone); ne sequttedmuk,
that which remains, the remnant or
remainder. See left.
nussequnau [nussu-sequinau ), heremains

NUSSEQUNNCAU,

alone; nen webenussequnit, Lonly remain,
1 K. 18, 22.

remember, mehquantam, he remembers;
mehquantash, remember thou; ybl. n.
mehquantamoonk, remembrance of inan.
objects; an. me hqudnumau, he remem-
bers (him); suffix kummehquanumoush,
ITremember thee; nummequanumeh, re-
member thou me (mehquaniimeh, C.;
mequaunamiinnea, R.W.; kummequaw-
name? do you remember me? ibid. );
vbl. n. mehqudénumdonk, remembrance
of persons, a memorial.

remnant. See remain.

removed, ontappu, he is moved (from his
former place to one where he now re-
mains); ontohteau, it is moved; ontah-
tau, he removes (it) from its place. See
move.

See tear.

repair, onchteau, oncheteau, he mends,
repairs (it); onchteauunat wek, to repair
his house; suppos. part. nol onchtcunk,
he who repairs or mends; vbl. n. onch-
ledonk, a repairing. In the title of
Rawson’s reyision of Eliot’s translation
of The Sincere Convert, oncheteawun
is used for corrected or revised.

repay. See recompense.

repeatedly. nompe, again, after a nu-
meral, serves to express repetition, as
nishwudt nompe, three times, i. e. to the
third time; so machekit nompe, often-
times. The primary meaning of nompu
appears to be he repeats, it repeats:
noh nompeyit ne teag (suppos. ), ‘he who
repeateth a matter’, Proy. 17, 9. Sec-
ondarily, it means he is in the place of,
substituted for: sun nen nunnompin God?
‘am I in the place of God?’ Gen.
30, 2; 50, 18.

314 BUREAU

repent, airskoiantam, he repents; nutaius-
koiantam, L repent; aiuskoidntash, repent
thou, El. and C.

reply, nampmwham, he answers, he re-
plies; an. nampmhamau, he replies to
(him) (nunnampaHhan, I answer, C.);
suffix wun-nampoham-au-oh, he replied
to him.

reprove, auuskontam, hereproves(it); an.
auuskomau, hereproves (him ),he chides
(him); vbl.n. awuskontuonk, reproof, cor-
rection; auuskomuwaonk, aushkémuwa-
onk, reproving, reproof administered;
n. agent anuskomuaen, aushkomuaen-in,
a reproyer, one who gives reproof.

request, wehquétum, he requests (it); vbl.

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

n. wehquétumoonk (asking for), a re- |

quest, a supplication. See ask for.

rescue, tomheau, he rescues (him). See
deliver.

resemblance, ogqueneunk, agqueneunk;
an. ogqueneunkqussu, he is made like to;
vbl. n. ogqueneunkqussuonk (the making
aresemblance or likeness ), a similitude,
a parable.

rest, anwdhsin, he rests, takes his rest
(nuttanntiwossumweh nuhhog, I ease my-

self, C.); anwédhsinwk, rest ye; vbl.
n. anwbhsinéonk, a resting, rest. See

remain; sit.

restore, nompenum, he restores (it),
renders it back [nompu, it is in the
place of].

return, qushkéu, he goes back, he returns,
turns back; nukqushkem, I turn back
(nukquishkeem, I return, C.); vbl. n.
qushkeonk, a turning back, return
(Cree kéw-ayoo, he returns, Howse 81).
nippittakinnamun, IT must go back;
piltiickish, go (thou) back; pitticketuck,
let us go back, R. W.

revenge, wnnatau, he revenges, takes re-
venge (nuttannotome, I revenge, C.; kut-
tannétous, I will revenge you, R. W.);
an. annotauau, he takes vengeance on
(him); vbl. n. anwtaonk (annotaonk,
C.), revenge.

revive. See recover.

reward. See recompense.

rib, muhpeteog, muhpeteag, a rib ( peteai-
gon, R. W.; mehpeteak, C.); wuhpeteog,
his rib; pl. wuhpeteagash, whpeteagash,
his ribs. See side.

|
|
|

[BULLETIN 25

rich, winauwetu, (he is) rich (weenawwetu,
C.; “‘a Winnaytue, that is a rich man, or
man of estimation, next in degree to a
Sachem or Sagamore’’, Morton, N. E.
Canaan, book 1, xrx); vbl. n. wenauwe-
tuonk, riches, wealth. Cf. wunnetu, (he
is) good, excellent; wunnetuonk, good-
ness; weenauwetu, for wunne-welu,
well housed (?).

riddle, nupwodonk (nupwiwaonk, a prov-
erb, C.). siogkwwaonk, a riddle, a proy-
erb, from siogke, it is hard or difficult.

ride, i. e. be borne or carried. See bear
(v.); horse.

right (rectus), sumpwi, (it is) straight,
right, just (saimpi, R. W.; sampwi, C.):
ayimok sampwi mayash, make straight
the paths; sampweyew ephah, ‘a just
ephah’, Ezek. 45, 11; act. an. samp-
wesu, (he is) straight, upright, right-
doing [sampwe-ussu]; vbl. n. sampweus-
seonk, right doing, uprightness, right-
eousness; n. agent. sampweusséaen-in, a
right doer, one who acts justly or up-
rightly; caus. inan. sampwehteau, he
makes (it) straight or right; caus. an.
sampwenéhheau, he makes (him) right,
causes (him) to be just or right, justi-
fies him; suppos. noh sampwenéhheont,
he who makes right or justifies; noh
sampwenehit, he who is justified; vbl. n.
pass. sampwenéhhittuonk, the being made
right, justification; caus. act. an. samp-
weusseahheau, he causes (him) to do
right, makes him righteous; sampwweog-
quanumau, he accounts (him) right or
just, i. e. he justifies (him), from og-
quanum, he counts or reckons.

right hand, wuttinnohkéu, (his) right
hand; nuttinnohkéu, my right hand (yd
mttinnock, to the right, R. W.); kuttin-
nohkéu pish nukkogkéunuk, (freq.) ‘thy
right hand shall hold me’, Ps. 139, 10;
wutch muttinnokéuneiyeue, from the right
side of (it), 2 Chr. 23,10. From kéun-
um, he carries; noh kéunuk, he who car-
ries; ne kéunuk, that which carries (but
kéu belongs to an earlier intransitive
form of this verb).

ring, pehtehhennutchab, petehennitchab, pl.
+eash. From petau, pehtauun, (it is)
put into, and nutch, hand. wayedag,
wohwayebag, pl.+ish, rings. Cf. woweau-
shin, it winds about. See bracelets.

TRUMBULL]

ripe, kesanwhteau (kesannota, C.), it is
ripe (?); suppos
sanotag,when it is ripe; pl. nish negonne
kesanootagish, those which are first ripe.
annotag [suppos. inan. from annoh-
teau?], when it is ripe: figsash negonne
annatag, when figs are first ripe, Nah.
3,12. adtuhtag: negonne adtuhtag wéno-
minneash, when first (was the season of)
ripe grapes; kesadtéhtaash, ripe (grapes),
Gen. 40, 10. kdkentimunne meechum-

muonk, ripe fruit, Mic. 7, 1; kdkeneu- |

muneash, the first-ripe fruits, Num. 18,
3 (cf. keneumunneash, first fruits, Ley.
2,12, 14). kepenummonk kesukun, the
harvest is ripe, Rey. 14, 15, i. e. is fully
grown, mature. See grow.
nauont, the harvest is ripe, Joel 3, 13;
cf. niinnowwa, harvest time, R.W.,; from
nundeu, it is dry (?).

rise, wadpeu, wabeu, he rises, goes upward
(without regard to the mode or act of
rising); inan. subj. waapema, it rises
nippeash waapémoash, the waters rise
up (nmwabeem, TI rise, C.). omohku, he

inan. kesanahtag, ke- |

UNNUN- |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|

rises, gets up (nuttomuhkem, L arise, C.); |

suppos. noh omohkit nompode, he who
rises early; inan. subj. omohkemo, it
arose. neepau, he rises to an erect posi-
tion, stands up. See stand.

rising sun. See sunrise.

river, sép, seep, séip, sepu, pl. sepuash [se-
peu, it is long, extended] (séip, R. W.;
Peq. sepe, sebe, Stiles); ut sepuut, at, to,
or by the river; nashaue sepuwehtu, in
the midst of the rivers; sepupog, a river
of water, Ps..119, 136; Rey. 22,1. tuk-

315

river—continued. =
count 33. ndahtuk, nébhtuk [néeu-tuk],
in the middle of the river; uf kishketuk,
at the bank of [kishke, by the side of]
the river; kehteihtukqut [kehte-tukut], to
the great river.

roar, chequttumwog, they roar (as lions),
Jer. 51, 38. onquontawan, ogquontaau,
he roars (as a wild beast). ano, he
howls or yells (as a beast).

roast. See bake.

rob, mukkokinnau, he robs, spoils, plun-
ders; ahque mukkokin, do not rob
(them) ; suppos. noh mukk@kinont, one
who robs; pl. neg mukkakinoncheg, mag-
gakinoncheg, they who rob, ‘spoilers’;
n. agent. mukkokinnuwaen-in, a rob-
ber (suppos. mukkokinnwaenuit, ‘if he
rob’, i.e. if he be a robber, Ind. Laws,
xvi). From mukkukki, he is bare,
stripped bare; cf. mukkwkeg, strip your-
selves, Is. 32, 11. chekeheuu, he uses
force to (him), he compels (him) by
violence (freq. impers. chechequnittin,
there is a robbery committed; an. aquie
chechequnnuwash, do not rob me; che-
chequnnuwiachick (neg chechekunuacheg),
robbers, R. W.); neg chechekqunukquea-
neg pish chechequnaog, ‘they that prey
upon will I give for a prey’ (they shall
be preyed upon or despoiled), Jer. 30,
16. From chékee, by force, violently;
cf. chichégin, a hatchet, R. W.

robin, Peq. quequisquitch, Stiles.

rock. See stone.

| rod, pogkomunk, a rod, a stick [suppos.

ko, iuk (not found in Eliot except in |
compceund words), a broad river, as |

distinguished from a long river ( sép).
Its primary signification nearly corre-

sponds to the Latin fluctuosus, rising in |

waves, and the pl., tukkwog, is used
by Eliot for waves. The radical yerb
tukkoo may be translated by fluctuat,
it flows in waves (so Rasles has
teg8, pl. tegs’ak, flot, for the Abnaki).
Heckewelder says that the Del. hit-
tuck, ‘when placed at the end of a word
and used as a compound’’, means “a
rapid stream’’, as in Lenapewihittuck,

the river of the Lenape ( Delaware

river), and Mohicannittuck, river of the |

Mohicans (Hudson river), Hist. Ac-

inan. from pogguhham, pogham, he beats
or threshes(?); cf. pockhdmmin, to
thresh or beat out corn, R. W.]

roll, wnnequanum, he rolls (it), moves
(it) by rolling: wnnequanumok mogke
qussukquanash, roll ye great stones.
tatuppequanum, he rolls (it); pass. part.
tatuppequanumuk (that which is rolled),
a wagon or cart. ompochénat, to roll, C.

room, taubapimmin, there is room
enough, R. W. [fdpi, taupi, there is
enough]. mohchoi week, is there room
in the house? Gen. 24, 23 [mohchiyeu, it
is empty].

root, wadchdbuk, wutchaubuk [wutch-appu]
(wutchappehk or wottapp, C.; wattap,
R. W.). In composition -adehdbuk,
-adchaubuk: unadchabukaog, they take

316 RUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25:

root—continued.,
root, Is. 37, 31, =wwadchabukmog, Jer.
12, 3; pish nukkodtahchabpthkonoog, 1
will pluck them up by the roots, 2 Chr.
7, 20; kodohchabuhkohham, he roots (it)
up. wutchuhquom (and wutchonquom )
matugqut, at the root of the tree, Matt.
3, 10; Luke 3, 9; i. e. to the lowest part,
the base [wutchémqut, to the bottom].

rotten, anit (when it is corrupted, ‘it is
putrefied’, R. W.); adj. anittue, cor-
rupt, rotten. See corrupt.

rough, hdshki, kushke, (it is) rough: kushke
hogkmonk, arough garment (koshkeyéue,
‘roughly (a coat not soft),’ C.).

round, petukqui, petuhki, puttukqui, El.
and C.

round about. See around.

row (n.), pumohtaash (pl. ), inanimate ob-
jects in a row or rows; an. pumikkom- |

poog, (they stand in) arow. See walk.

row (y.). See paddle (v.).

rub, wmukquinum-tnat, to rub, C.

rule (n.), kuhkehheg, pl. --ash, a rule,
rules, C. [kuhkuhheg,a bound, a limit;
kuhkham, he marks (it) out].

rule (y.), nanaanum, he rules or governs.
See govern.

ruler, nanaanuwaén, nanuwunnwwaén,
nananuaén, a ruler or governor; neg
nanadnoncheg, nanawunoncheg, . they
who rule (nananuachég, magistrates,

rulers, Ind: Laws). ataviskawaw,a lord | : e
| run (as water). See flow.

or ruler, R. W.; pl. atatiskawauog. See
master; sachem.

sachem, sagamore, sdchim, a king; pl.
-auog, R. W.; sachimduonck, a king-
dom, ibid.; Narr. saunchem, Stiles;
Peq. siinjum, Stiles; Del. sakimau, he is
a chief, Hkw. Related to sohkom, he
has the mastery; sohkau, sonkghuau, he
prevails over or has the mastery of

| rump, wadtan, wodtan.

run, quogqueu, he runs; quogquish (qua-
quish, R. W.; Peg. koquish, Stiles),
run thou; quogqueti, let me run (nug-
quogqueem, I run, C.); adj. or ady.
quogquewe (quogquéwe, C.), running.
ussishau, he runs to, hastens to or
toward a place or persons, he goes
swiftly or in haste to (itor him). The
primary signification is to make violent
exertion, from ussu, he acts, with ’sh of
violent or rapid motion: nd ussisshash,
nd ushash, fly thou thither, escape
thither, Gen. 19, 22; Num. 24,11; ahaé-
sukque ussishaog, ‘they run to and fro’,
Joel 2, 9; nussishaw (nusseu-ussishau* ),
he runs alone or by himself; moushauog
(moeu-ussishau*), they run together;
negonshau (negonne-ussishau*), he runs:
first or in advance; n. agent, negon-
shaén-in, a leader. These two verbs,
quogqueuw and ussishau, distinguish the
action from the act of running. The
former denotes merely the mode of lo-
comotion or the physical action; the
latter, the action as means to an end or
a voluntary act as referred to the ani-
mate actor or agent.

* [NoTr.—"' Perhaps these compounds may be
properly referred to au, he goes to, with 'sh of
swift or violent motion prefixed: nusseu~’ sh-au,.
ete.)

rushes. See flags.

Ss

| sacrifice—continued.

|
|

(them); or to sagkompanau, he leads |

(them); n. agent. sagkompagunuaen, a}

leader. Cf. sonksqua, a queen. soli-
qua, 1

komau and sonkghuaw are easily cor- |

rupted to sagamore and to saunchem.
sacrifice, séphausu, he offers sacri-
fice; sephausineau, he sacrifices (it);

séphausauau, he sacrifices (him) to;
séphamauau, he sacrifices (it) to; n.
agent. sephausuaen, one who sacrifices,
a priest. See offer.

safe, nanowiyeue, in safety [nandeu, he
is safe?] (ndnauwiytue, safely, C.); ef.
nanauantamoe, careful, C.; nanaanum,
he oversees, keeps, rules over, ete. pd-
panne, safely (?), Prov. 31, 11 (papane,
wholesome, C.). pashque, safely, Acts
27, 44.

sail (n.), sepdghunk (sepakhunk, C.; sépa-
kehig, R.W.),a sail; suppos. part. inan.

TRUMBULL]

salt.

same,

samp.
sand, ndgunt, nagont, sand, a sandy place;

sail (n.)—continued.

from sepagham, he sails, lit. he goes by
spreading out, from sepe, suppos. sepak,

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY

}
|
|

when it is spread out or extended |
(sepagehommatta, let us sail, R. W.; |

seppaghaminat, to sail, C.).

sail (v.), pummohham, he goes by sea, as
distinguished from going in a boat or |

by oars or paddles; hence n. agent. pl.
pumméhhamwaenuog, mariners, Jonah
1, 5, those who go on the sea [ pummoh-
om).

salmon, mishquammaiiquock (pl.), red-

fish, salmon, R. W. [musqui, red; am-
maugg]; Abn. mesk8ameg8, pl. --ak,
Rasles.

The English word is transferred
by Eliot, the Indians not having then
learned the use of salt. In a single in-
stance ‘salt water’ (James 3, 12) is

rendered séippog, i. e. sour water [sée- |

pog).
nan; inan. ne nan, that
same; pl. ne nanoash; an. noh nan, the
same (person); neane, so, in the same
manner as (nendn, nnih, nont né, the
same; mat nahnane, not the same, C.).
See as; like; such.

See soft.

nenan,

nagontu, in the sand.

sassafras tree, sasaunckpdmuck, R. W.
satisfy, (dpi, taupi, there is sufficient,

enough; fapantam, tapanatam [tdpi-
antam], he is satisfied, is satisfied with

(it); tapehteau, he satisfies (him) with |

(it); tapheauau, he satisfies (him),
makes (him) satisfied; suppos. noh
tapheunt, he who satisfies; tapeneau, he
is satisfied with (him). See accept;
comfort: enough. tapepu,
isfied with food, he eats enough.
eat.

See

he is sat- |

saucy, aiuskeyéuée, saucily, C.; mat qua- |

qutamma, (he is) saucy, ibid.(?).
save, tomheau, he saves (him); tom-
wehteau, he saves, rescues, or delivers
(it) [eaus. an. and inan. from tomeu,
he saves himself, eseapes]. See deliver.
wadchanum, he keeps (it) safe, he saves
(it); an. wadchanau, he keeps or saves
(him), pass. he is saved; n. agent.
wadchanuwaen-in, one who saves, a
savior.

317

saw (n.), poksunkquonk, tussonkquonk.

say, wussin, he says, he speaks; nus-
sin, I say; kussin, thou sayest; nussim,
if I say, when I say; wttoh asean, what-
ever thou mayest say (teagua kissim?
what do you say?; nissimun, we say, C.);
nag us, say thou to them, tell them;
nussip, 1 said, I did say. See think.
wuttinuh, he says to him; nuttin, I say
to (him); suffix kuttinsh, I say to thee,
I tell thee; wuttinduh, they said to him
(nuttinnowap, I said, C.; teagua wtin-
nawen or ntéawem? what shall I speak?
R.W.). nawau, hesays; nowaog, they
say; na@wash, say thou; nawagk, say ye;
noadt, if he say; na@wop, he did say;
vbl. n.nwwaonk, asaying. nowau intro-
duces a quotation or has regard to the
thing said (nmwau, ‘Sibboleth’, Judg.
12, 6); wussin and to the
speaker or the person spoken to: he
says, he says it to him. annanau, un-
nunau, he says with authority to (him),
he commands, directs, or speaks as a
superior to an_ inferior.
Jehovah toh dnukque, ne nussin, ‘he said
. What the Lord saith to me that

wuttinuh

NOWaAU...

will I speak’ (or tell), 1 K. 22,14. See
command; send; speak.
scab, mukkee. Cf. mogquén, a swelling;

mogki, (it is) relatively great.

scabbard. See sheath.

scales (of a fish), wuhhogkiash (pl.); neg
wuhhogkiitcheg, those (fish) which have
scales [wuhhogki, it covers the body or
it is covered, from hog, body; hogka, it
is clothed; cf. shell].

scare, kus-siashkisasheh, thou scarest me
(with dreams), Job 7, 14.

scatter, sedhham, he scatters (it); caus.
an. seahwhau, he scatters (them);
suffix wus-seahwhoh, he scatters them;
pass. nag seahwhédog, they are scattered;
caus. inan. séauhteau, he scatters (it),
i. e. he causes it to scatter; suppos. part.
inan. séauhteamuk, (when it is) scattered,
sprinkled; an. progr. seauhkau, he scat-
ters (them) in flight or disperses them
(seauhkénat, to scatter; séaohkonnat, to
sprinkle; nussewauhteam, I sprinkle, I
scatter, C.). séawhdog, (they are) scat-
tered (sawhoog, sawhdsachick, loose
beads (wampum unstrung), R.W.;
elsewhere collect. seawan, sewan, loose

318

scatter—continued.
beads). naswayeue scattered
[ne séahwhau, or ne seaheu?].

scold, auuskomau, he reproves (him);
see reprove. nunnishquéwam, I chide or
scold; nunnishquet, I rage, C.

scornful, mamandéwantam, he is scorn-
ful, a scorner [momontauau, he mocks
(him) ].

scratch, nehnekinau, he tears or scratches
(an. obj.) as a wild beast; suffix wun-
nelinekin-uh, he tears him (neehnekin-
nuonat, to scratch; nunnegunum, I tear,
C.). nukkitehkeem, I scratch, C. (?).

scum, pelitom. See foam.

naswae,

scuppaug, mishciip, pl. —patiog. See
porgy-

sea, keihtoh, kehtoh, keitoh (kitthan and
wechékum, R. W.; Peg. kikhonnohk,

Stiles; Del. kitahican, Hkw.); pl. keh-
tahhanash; néeu kehtahhannit, in the
midst of thesea; kishke kehtahhannit, by
the sea; keechippam kehtahhannit, on the

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

seashore (=ut ohquanupam); kehtah- |

hannuppog, the water of the sea [keh-
to, it is very great, vast]. See chief.
ptimmoh, padmmoh, pauma, a name of
the sea which is not found except in
compound words. It is probably de-
rived from pd, the particle of indefinite,
undirected, or variable motion or actiy-
ity. From it are derived pummohham,
he goes on the sea; pummohhamwaen, a
mariner; woskechepam (wosketupam, Is.
18, 2), the surface of the sea (ef. wos-
keche monoi, Gen. 1, 2); ohquanupam,
the shore or border of the sea [uhquae,
on the edge or margin of]; kehchippam,
keechepam, on the shore [kutche-pam,
where the sea begins], John 21,4; Gen.
22,17; paumpdgussit, ‘the Sea God,’
R. W.; pummee, oil [pummde, of or
from the seaj; pumupsq, pumipsk, a
rock in the sea, a sunken rock, ete.
wechékum (R. W.) was perhaps a name
given by the Indians of the sea coast
to the ocean as the great ‘producer’
(wutcheken, it yields, produces) of their
staple food, fish.

search for, nitinneham, he seeks (it),
searches for (it); natinnehamok, search
ye for (it) (natinnehas, search thou;
téaqua cunndatinne? what do you look
for?; ntauhaunanatinnehdmmin, I can

|
|
|
|
|

[BULLETIN 25

search for—oontinued.
not look or search, R. W.; nun-nat-
tinneahteam, I search, C.); an. natinne-
awhau, he seeks for (him); vbl. n. natin-
neahteaonk, search (for inan. obj.). See
look.

season. See time.

seasonably, wttoche, ahhuttache [ut-
a@che], in due season, seasonably; uttw-
cheyeuw, there is a season, time, or op-
portunity.

seasons. There was no division of the
Indian year exactly corresponding to
our somewhat arbitrary assignment of
the months to four seasons of equal
length. A comparison of the several
vocabularies gives the following ar-
rangement as probably correct: Seed-
time, aukeeteamitch, spring, R. W. [im-
perat. of aukeeteatimen, R. W., quttdune-
mun, ohketeam, El.: let him plant].
Early summer, séquan, spring, R. W.
and C.; summer, El. Summer, n/pun

), El., C., and R. W.; qua-
qusquan, R.W. Harvest time, ninnowa
and annotiant, R. W.; ’ninnawvaet, fall,
C. [from nundeu, itisdry]. Fall of the
leaf, taquonck, R. W. Winter, pdpon,
El.; papéne, R. W.; poponde, C.

seat, appuonk, vbl. n. from appu, he sits.
See sit.

seawan. See scatter.

second, nuholtéew [next after, next in
order, ne hohtéeu] (nihohtdeu, C.); noh
adtéekit, the second (son or daughter)
in order of age, the next to the eldest
or first born.

secret, (it secret, private;
kéme, secret (kemeyéue, secretly, C.);

(nepinnae, C.

kemeu, is)
suppos. inan. ne kemeyeucuk, kemeyeuuk,
that which is secret, a secret; nish ke-
meagish, secret things.

see, nium, he sees, he sees (it); nun-
naum, I see (sun kendum? dost thou
see? C.); suppos. naik, nag, when he
saw; nawmog, if we see; naumdg, it ye
see; naish, see thou; naumok, behold
ye (chuh namuk! behold! C.); an. ndau,
he sees (him) (kunninni? have you
seen me?; kun-ninnous, I have seen
you, R. W.); nék, see ye (him); vbl.
n. naumaonk, a seeing, sight.

seed, wuskannem, (its) seed; wuskannem
mustard, a mustard seed; pl. wuskan-

TRUMBULL]

seed—continued.
nemuneash, skannémunash, seeds (seed
corn, Gen. 47, 19, 23,24). weepammuwae
wuskannem, semen virile.

seek. See look; search for.

seethe. See boil (v.); immerse.

seize, tohqunum, he seizes, lays hold
of (it); tohqunau, he seizes (him); vbl.
n. tohqunuméonk, prey, that which is
caught or seized. See catch; stay; take.

seldom, chekéwe, C. (2).

select. See choose.

self, hog, body. See body; myself.

sell, magw, magow (he gives), he gives
in exchange for money or other things
(num-mag, I sell;; magunat, to give or
sell, C.). See give. hkodtawwampasu,
kodtauwompasu, he sells or barters; kod-
tauwempash, sell thou (it); suppos. noh
kodtauwompasit, he who sells; n. agent.
kodtauompasuen-in, a seller (cuttattavia-
mish, | will buy this of you, R. W.).
See buy; trade.

send, annanau, he sends (him), i. e.
gives him an order, command, or mes-
sage; prim. he commands (him), em-
ploys (him); nut-annan, I send (him) ;
annaneh, send thou me; kut-annanum-
wo, Isend you (kut-annansh, I will hire
you, R. W.); inan. annotam, he sends
(it). See command; hire; messenger.
negontoau, he sends to (him); lit. he
sends in adyance or beforehand [ne-
gonne] (nekonchuénat, to send; nun-
nékénchiiam, I send, C.); et. negonshau,
he runs before or in adyance; negon-
shaen, a leader.

sentence, doom, pogkodchimau, ne sen-
tences, condemns (him); suppos. noh
pakodchimit, he who sentences. From
pakodcheu, he finishes, makes an end of
it. See condemn; judge.

separate, chippi, cheppi, it is separate or
apart; chippinum, he divides or sepa-
rates (it); v. i. act. chippachdusu, he
makes a division or separation. See
divide.

servant, wuttinnim (he serves), a servant
(wuttinnumin, wuttinninimin, a servant,
C.); nuttinnineum, nuttinneum, my sery-
ant, i. e. one who belongs to me; nut-
tinnum, my servant, i. e. one who
serves me or does me service; wuttin-
neum, constr. wultinneumoh, his servant,

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

319

servant—continued.
the servant of (him), who belongs to
him; wuttinnum, constr. wuttinnumoh,
his servant, the servant of (him), who
serves him (wuttinninntimoh, his serv-
ant, C.); ananden wuttinnumun, a hired
servant; n. collect. wuttinnumunneunk,
the servants, collectively, Ex. 21, ue
wuttinneumunneunk, owned servants,
collectively, Eph. 6, 5.

serve, annmnau [pass. of annanau, he
sends or commands or employs], he
is employed, he is hired; n. agent. an-
nonden-in, one who serves for hire.
noswetan, noswehtan, he obeys or serves,
primarily, he follows (him); nasweet-
ash, serve thou (him) ; nwsweetok, obey,
serveye. Seeobey. wuttinum, he serves,
he is a servant; wuttinnumimneat, infin.
to be a servant; y. i. act. progr. wut-
tinnimuhkausu (he continues to act a
a servant), he does service habitually
(wuttininumékossinat, to serve, C.); vbl.
n. wuttinneimuhkauaonk, (his) service,
aserving (him); wuttinniimuhkausuonk,
service performed, the doing of service.
From wuttinnum, (his) servant, he
serves (him).

set free. See deliver; loose.

seven, nesdusuk tahshe (nésasuk, C.; enada,
R. W.; Del. nischoasch, nischasch, Hkw.;
Alg. nissouassou, ninshwassoo; Peq. nez-
zdugnsk, Stiles); an. nesausuk lahsuog
(enaddtasiiog, R. W.).
adtahshe, seventeen (piuck-nab énada,
R. W.; Peg. piugg-naubut
Stiles). nesausuk tahshinchag +- -kodtog
(an. ), -kodtash (inan.), seventy.

nabo nesausuk

shwansk,

sew, asequama, ushquama@, he sews; ase-
quam, ushquam, he sews (it); kut-ush-
quam, thou sewest (it) up (ushquami-
nat monag, to sew one’s clothes, C.);
y. i. an. act. usquontosu, he is sewing;
pass. usquosin, it is sewed; matta usquo-
sinooh, (it) was without seam, not sewed,
John 19, 23.
door.

Cf. usquont, squontam, a

shad, Abn. magahaghé, pl. -gak, ‘har’;
ketamégs, pl. -g8dk, ‘gros’, Rasles. Cf.
Sarahaghé, a scale, ‘éeaille’.

shadow, onkauohteau, onkauoht, onkau-
woht; onkouohtde mehtugquash, shady
trees Lonkhum, it covers, and ohteau, it.

320 BUREAU
shadow—continued.
is a covering or it iscovered]. Cf. onk-
quequohhou, a veil; onkwheg, a cover.
shake, nukkunum, freq. nunnukkunum,
he shakes (it), causes it to shake or

OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| shave—continued.

tremble; inan. subj. nukkema, nunnuk- |

kema, it shakes, it is shaken; derog.

nunnuksheau, nannuksheau, he shakes,

trembles; vbl. n. nunnukshdonk, trem-

bling. See tremble. nenemuhkonau, he
shakes (him); pish kenénemuhkonish, I
will ‘shake you, C. tattauiinum, he
shakes (it): lattawinum wuthogkwonk,
he shakes his garment; caus. inan, tat-
tauwohteau, tadtauohteau, ete., he shakes
(it), makesit shake; tattawwohteash kuh-
hog, shake thyself; tuttawwohteagk pup-
pissi, shake off the dust, Mark 6, 11
(=papauohteagk puppissi, Matt. 10, 14;
Luke 9, 5) (tatagganish, shake this,
R. W.).

shall, aux. mos. See must.

shallop, wunnauandtinuck; dimin. wun-
nawanounuckgrese, a skiff, R. W. ‘‘Al-
though they themselves have neither,
yet they give them such names, which

in their language signifieth carrying ves- |

sels.’
shallow. See ford.
shape, huhkenauwehteau, he shapes,

fashions, forms (it); kuhkenauwéheau, he
forms (him). Caus. an. and inan. from
kuhkham, he marks it out, or kuhken-
auwe, placed in order: he causes (it or
him) to be made in order or by rule.
nussu, unnussu, he is shaped or formed.
See form.

sharp, kénai, kéneh, (it is) sharp; suppos.
kenag, (when it is) sharp, that which is
sharp: wussetunk . . . kenag, the haft

. the blade (of a knife), Judg. 3, 22;

kenehquog (keenneehquog, C.), a sharp
knife; kenompsk (keneh-ompsk), a sharp
stone. See edge; point.

sharpen, kéhtadtau, kehtattau, he sharp-
ens; kehtadtauédmm, it sharpens; pass.
part. “kehtadtauun, (it is) sharpened
( keekodtautinat, to whet or make sharp,
G3).

shave, mwsum (he smooths (it), makes
(it) smooth), he cuts or shaves the hair:
mosum ummesunk, he shaves off his hair;
masuk, when he shaves his head (ima-
somunat, to shear, C.); an. maswau

she.
sheath, scabbard, pechehquogkunk, pec-

wuhhogkuh, he shaves himself. From
maosi, it is smooth. peeghumimat, to
shave; nuppeegham, I shave; sun woh
kuppeegwhitteamwo? will yoube shaved?
C. chequodiweyaheau [eaus. an., che-
quodtwahheau], he shaves (him); che-
quodwéhham, he shaves (his head, his
face, etc.) inan. obj.; suppos. inan.
chequotweydaheg, that which shaves, a
razor, Is. 7, 20 (=chequodtweeohhou,
Ezek. 5, 1; chequddweehquog, C.).

See he.

hequogwonk.

shell (?), wuhhogki. [it covers; or is it

‘ausative, makes a covering? From hog-
ko, it clothes, covers], a shell (woh-
hogke, a shell, C.); pl. -+-ash, scales (of
fish) , suckavihock, R. W.[sticki-wuhhogki,
black shell], ‘black money’; poquat-
hock [kuppogki-wuhhogki, thick shell?],
‘a little thick shellfish’, R. W. (the
round clam); meteatihock [-wuhhogk],
‘the periwinkle’, R. W. (Pyrula).
anna, a shell, C.; andwsuck, shells; suc-
kauanatisuck, the black shells, R. W.
(bivalves ?).

shield, ogqunneg [when it covers; sup-

pos. inan. from ogka, hogka, it covers,
clothes, is worn on the person].
tukkit (muttugk-it, on the shoulders), a
shield or‘ target’ hung on the shoulders.

mut-

shin, mississtkoshk, C.
shine, wolsum, he shines, emits light

(nepauz wohsum, the sun shines, C.);
wohsumamo, sohsummma, it shines;
wequai sohsumoma, the light shineth;
suppos. inan. wohsumo-
mouk, a candle when it shineth; adj.

and ady. wohsumde, sohsumwae, shining,

wequananteg

light-giving (wossumde, C.); vbl. n. woh-
suma@onk, sohsumaonk, a shining forth,
light emitted; amwohsummonk wequanan-
teg, the light of a candle.
shines, emits light about it.
it shines, is bright: nmlau wohsittau,
‘the fire is bright’, Ezek, 1, 13.
sippohteau, it shines, glitters, reflects
light; adj. wohsippohtde, woésupohtde,
bright, glittering. as a sword, Nah.,
3, 3; a stone, 1 Chr. 29, 2, etc.; inan.
aus. wohsuppahtum, hemakes (it) shine,
he furbishes or polishes (it).

pumohsum, it
wohsittau,

woh-

TRUMBULL]

ship, kehtanog, kuhtamnog (kiténuck, R.W.:
dimin. kiténuckquese, a little ship, ibid. ).
From kehtoh-am, kehtohham, he goes by
sea; kehtohhan-wag, when he goes by
sea(?). But seeshallop. Is kehte-dunuk
a great ‘carrying vessel’?

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

shoe, mokus, mokis, mokkussin; pl. mok- |

kussinash, moxinash (mocissinass and
mockussinchass, shoes ‘made of their
deerskin worn out’, R.W.; Peg. micka-
sons, Indian shoes, Stiles); ummokus,
his shoe; kummokus, thy shoe.

shoot (with a bow or gun), pummu,

he shoots; freq. pepummu, he shoots |

often or repeatedly (pepemdi, ‘he is
gone to fowl’, he is shooting, R. W.);
pumm uog, freq. pepu min uog, pepumwaog,
they shoot; pumsh (pumm, R. Wo
shoot thou; pummak (pummoke, R.
W.), shoot ye; noh pépemit, one who
shoots;
shoot; n. agent. pepumwaen, pepummu-

waen, a shooter, an archer; an. pepum- |

muau, pepumwau, he shoots at (him);
suffix up-pepumwéuh, they shoot at him.
See fly (v.); gun.

shore, kehchippam, keechepam [kutche-
pummoh], where the sea begins, the sea
shore. ohquanupam[ohquanu-pummoh),
the sea margin, the edge of the sea;
ohquanu kehtahhanit, on the sea shore,
Mark 2, 13. See bank; haven.

neg pepemutcheg, they who |

short, tidhqui, tiuhque, (it is) short (tioh- |

kastie, (he is) short, C.; taquénkqussu,
low and short, R. W.).

shorten tioquehtteau, he
makes (it) short, he shortens (it) [caus.
inan. from tiohqui, short].

shortly, teanuk, soon, quickly,

shoulder, mohpegk, muhpeg, the shoul
der; uppegk, uhpegk, his shoulder (up-
peke, pl. uppequock, R. W.); uhpequan,
Gen. 49, 15: nanashaue ohpequanit, be-
tween his shoulders, Deut. 33, 12. mut-
tugk, m’tuk, the shoulders, i. e. the up-
per part of the back: wt nuttukeet, wt
nuttugkit, on my shoulders; wuttugkit,
wuttukit, on his shoulders (mittik, a
shoulder, C.). =

shoulder-blade, tipimon (2): wuteh nut-
tipimonit, from my shoulder-blade, Job
31, 22.

shout, mishontw, mishontowan, he shouts,
cries out with a loud voice: vbl. n.

B. A. E., Buy. 25 21

tiohqutteau,

321

shout—continued.
mishontowaonk, a shouting, a loud
noise (mishaintowash, speak (thou) out,
R. W.; mishontooonat, to r yar, C.).
howl.

show, ndéhtinau, he shows (it) to (him);
suffix wunnohtinduh, wunnohtinoulh,
he showed (it) to them; kenahti-
nush, I show it to you; nohtus, show
thou; natusseh, show to me (nunndhtin,

See

I show; nahtusseh keek, show me your
house, C.). Caus. from naum, he sees,
ndau, he sees him; ndehtinau, he causes
him to see it; so, naehtau, show thy-
self to (him), 1 K.18, 1. See inform;
teach.

shower, népiinon, ©. na tiadtinon, ‘there
cometh a shower’, Luke 12, 54, papdd-
tinunk, showers, rain in showers (n.
collect. droppings). See rain.

shrill, sashkontawdaonk, a shrill tone or
voice, C.

shut, ydnittanum, he shuts (it), as a
door, gate, or the like, to or together;
often, he shuts the door (without sguont
expressed): yanittanumuwog, they shut
the gate, Josh. 2, 7 (yeawsh, shut the
door after you, R. Niele
he shuts (it, as the hand, the eye,
ete. ): wuskesukwmoash, shut
thou their eyes; hence, ydnequohhou, a
veil.

shut up. See close.

sick, mahchinau, he is sick

ydnunum,

yanunush

(nummah-

am sick;
nummattimwus mohchinnai, my wite is
sick, @.; nummaichnem, I am sick;
mauchinavi, he is sick, R. W.): num-
machinam, nen machinam, T am sick;
suppos. neg mahchinacheg, the sick: ybl.
n. mahchindonk, sickness. See fade:
have (auxil.); old; pass away.

side, muhpeteag, rib, side; uppeteagunit,
uppeteoganit, to hisside. sussippoen, sus-

cheem, nummohtchinum, 1

sippoe, (it is) on the side of: SUSssippoeu
wadchu, on the side of the mountain;
nequt sussippoi, on one side; kus-sussip-
poveum, on thy side; sussipponkomul,
sussuppongkomuk [sussipooeu-komuk],
the side of the house.
ongkoue, on this side of .
on the other side of: wutuhshame sepuut,
on this side of the river (suttoshime-

wutuhshame.. .

. beyond or

yeu, on this side, C.). ydaen, yddi, yode,

329 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

side—continued.
on one side of: pasuk yoaeu . . . onka-
tuk ogkomdeu, one on one side . . . an-
other on the other, Ex. 17, 12. acaw-
menoakit, ‘from the land on the other
side’; acadwmuck note shem, SIE came over
the water’, R. W. [ogkomaeu-ohke].
See other side. acetawe, aeetaue, éhtdi,
on both sides of; éhtdikenag, two-edged,

sharp on both sides; aeetaue seep, on

both sides of the river.
sight, nawmmonk, a seeing, sight; vbl.n.
from naum, he sees.

silent, chequnappu (he remains quiet), he |

is silent, he stands still; chegunapsh, be
thou quiet, be silent (nutcheqinnap, Lam
silent, C.).

sin, matchuk (evil), matcheseonk (evil do-
ing). See bad.

since, nddteuh (nateah, lately, C.): nad-
teuh ne kesukok, since that day.

sinew, mutchoht, mutchaht, a sinew; pl.
Lash.

sing, unnmham, anmhom, he sings (songs,
etc. ); anwmhomok, sing ye; suppos. part.
noh an@homont, he who sings, he
singing; vbl. n. ununa@hamdonk, a song.
ketahomom, he sings; nukketohomom
(nukkuttohiimom, C.), Tsing; ketaho-
mak, sing ye (sun kenauau kukketohum-
omwo? can you sing? C.); vbl. n. ketw-
homdonk, a singing; n. agent. ketoaham-
waen-in, & singer.

sink, quitaueuw, he sinks, it sinks, as in
water, in mud, ete.: kuhtanogquash kod

quitauwéog, the vessels were ready tosink |

(on the point of sinking), Luke 5,
qutaueu ut pisseogquanit, he sinks in
the mire, Jer. 38, 6. Cf. qguttuhham, he
weighs (it). With particle of deroga-

‘5

tion or disaster, qultawushau, quttuh- |

shau: quttuhshauog onatuh qussuk, they
sank to the bottom like a stone, Ex.
15, 5. See dip.

sip. See sup.

sister, mectahtu-oh, her brother or sis-
ter. weelompas, wetompassu, his or her
brother or sister. See brother. iwee-
tuksquoh, wetukishquoh, her sister; ne-
tukkusq, my sister (weticks, a_ sister,
R. W.). wmmissés, wmmissies, his or
her sister; ummissésoh, the sister of
(him or her), nuwmmissis, my _ sister,
kummissis, thy sister, wmmiissiesin (the

sister

continued.

sister of any one), asister; weesumussoh,
his or her youngersister, Judg. 15, 2 (weé-
sumimis, a sister, R. W.; Muh. 7’ mace,
my elder sister, Edw. ). Abn. nits&késss,
ma sceur, ait mulier; nebaénemSm (-8n
s. vy. parentée), ait vir, Rasles. See
younger brother or sister.

sit, appu, he sits, primarily he abides,

remains in a place, is at rest, he is
or remains inactive; hence with an.
subj. often used to express passive
existence, ‘he is’, as ussu (agit) ex-
presses active existence or animate be-
ing with potential or implied activity,
and ohteau (it has itself) , inanimate pas-
sive existence, ‘it is’; nuttap, I sit;
nuttappin, I sit here or there, I am sit-
ting; wutappin, he sits here or there, he
is sitting; appuog, they sit; apsh, sit
thou; yeu apegk, yeu apek, sit ye here,
abide in this place; suppos. noh apit, he
who. sits (yo dppitch ewd, let him sit
here; mat apet, he is not at home, R.
W.; ne appinneat, to tarry; appu, he sit-
teth, C.); vbl. n. appiionk, a seat. num-
matuppu, he seats himself, he sits down;
nummatapsh, sit down (nun-nummdattap,
I sit; nummattdpinat, to sit, C.; mdt-
tapsh, sit thou down: mdttapsh ydteg, sit
by the fire, R. W.; pish mattapuog, they
shall sit, be seated, Ind. Laws x11).
weetappu, he sits down with (him);
without object expressed, weetappemo,
Luke 22, 55 (wetapwduwwas, ‘sit down
and talk with us’, R.W.). kishkappu
[kishke-appu], he sits near or by the
side of (him). quenappu, he sits on or
upon (it), he rests on (it) (vbl. n. quen-
appuonk, a chair or stool, C.).

skin, mattihquab[L adt-uhquae-appu, that

which is on the outside or the extreme
exterior], the skin of man; wadtuhquab,
his skin. wuskon, tiskon, askon, a raw
hide or undressed skin (of an animal) ;
wutaskon, his skin (oskén, a hide, C.);
n. collect. oskunk, skins: sheepsoskunk,
(undressed) sheepskins, Heb. 11, 37.
From wuske, new, or askun, it 1s raw, un-
prepared for use, see raw. ohkon, a
skin dressed or prepared for use as cloth-
ing (acéh, a deerskin worn as clothing,
R. W.); adj. ohk@nie, made of skins
(ef. onkhum, he covers or hides; og-

TRUMBULL]

skin—continued.

kunneat, to be clothed; ogkw, he is

clothed; vbl. n. ogkwonk, hogkaonk,
clothing). N. collect. ohkaununk,
skins.

skull. See head.

skunk, Peq. ausounch, a ssownsh, Stiles;
squnck, Josselyn. Chip. shi-kaug, she
gog, shegaug, polecat [related to chohkag,
spotted ?]. Abn. segaik8, Rasles [re-
lated to seg8di, pisser, and sagket, El.].

sky, kesuk, the visible heavens, the sky.
See sun. pohkok, the clear sky (lit.
when it is clear), suppos. inan. from
pohki, it is clear: péhkok msqui, the sky
is red, Matt. 16, 2, 3. See weather.

slander, kekomonau, he slanders (him),
lit. he talks about (him); n. agent.
kekomwaen, a talebearer, a slanderer.

slaughter, wushaonk, a killing, from nu-
shau, he kills.

sleep, koweu, kouweu, he sleeps; nuk-
kouem (nukkéueem, C.), 1 sleep; infin.
kouénat (kauénat, C.; Del. gauwin,
Zeish.); suppos. noh kait, kawit (Del.
gawit, Zeish.), he who sleeps; pl. neg
kaécheg (Del. gewitshik, Zeish.); kaéan,
when thou sleepest (yd cowish, sleep
thou here, ‘do lodge here’; kukkowé-
tous, ‘I will lodge with you’, R. W.);
ybl. n. koweonk (katéonk, C.), sleep; n.
agent. kouéuén-in, a sleeper; kussuk-
koueu, he sleeps soundly, he is fast
asleep [qussuk-koueu (?), he sleeps like
astone]. See soul.

sleepy, kodtukquomunat, to be sleepy,
C. (Del. wygatingwan, 1 am sleepy,
Hkw.); ef. unnukquominneat, to dream.

slide, slip, tamnequsheu, tanukqusheu, he
slips: nusseet laonequshin, my foot slips;
suppos. inan. tonukqushik, when it slips.
From toneque, it is slippery, with ’sh of
derogation. osséepdsu, he slips or slides
backward; adj. osséepdsue, assdeposue,
backsliding. Cf. assdévishau, he goes
backward.

sling, swwampdguneheg, pl. +-ash; sawam-
pagunahham, he slings (it); n. agent.
smwompagunahhamwaen, a slinger.

slip. See slide.

slippery, foneque, (it is) slippery; tane-
quohteau, (it) is slippery.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

slothful, more
rarely segenam, he is slothful, sluggish,

sesegenedm, sasegenam,
indolent: ahque sesegenumak, ahque sa-
sagknedinok, be not slothtul: ahque se-
genamo@k, be not remiss or idle (in a
particular matter; the freq. sese- or
sasa- denotes general or habitual sloth-
fulness); vbl. n. sesegencamoonk, sasag-
(sdsekeneammonk, C.), slothfulness, in-
dolence; n. agent.
indolent or slothful person.

an
See slow.

SESEJERAMWEN,

| slow, cheke, chechéke: chechéke kum-mus-

|

quantam, thou art slow to anger; cheke

kukkoueneau, ‘you sit up late’, Ps. 127, 2,
i. e. you are slow to sleep. manunnu,

manunneu, (he is) slow, moderate, pa-
tient, quiet, gentle (maninne, gently,
C.); mdnunappu, he is (and remains)
quiet, slow, ete.; manunnissu, he acts
slowly, he is slow (in action) (maniin-
shesh, go slowly, R. W.); n. agent.
manunneyeuen, one who is slow, pa-
tient, gentle, ete. (cf. manunne nutton,
‘slow of (my) speech’, Ex. 4, 10, and
cheke ketetohkonch, let him be slow to
speak’, James 1, 19). sassaqushduog,
they are slow; cussdsaqus, you are slow,
R. W.

small, pécheau, he makes (him) small;
pass. he is made small; péuh, ‘bring
thou him low’, make him small, Job
40, 12 [caus. an. from peawe, peaeu, it is
small]. See little.

| smell, munnontam, manontam, he smells

(it) (numminéntam, I smell, C.; nquitt-
matntash, smell thou, R.W.); vbl. n.
munnontammonk, smell. ussumunquodt,
asumungquot, he smells of, has the odor
of: ussumungquodtash myrre, they (inan.
pl.) smell of myrrh, Ps. 45,8; aswmung-
quok (when it smells of), smell, odor,
of inan. obj.; asumungqussu, he smells
of, emits an odor of; vbl.n. aswmungqus-
suonk, smell, odor, of an. obj. matche-
mungquot, it smells badly; matchemung-
quok, a bad smell (machiimonquat, a
stink, C.). weetimungquot, it smells
sweetly; weetimungquok, a sweet smell
(wetimunkquat or weechimaquat, C.).
smelt, moamitteaig, ‘a little sort of fish,
half as big as sprats, plentiful in win-
ter’, R. W. This was probably the
smelt (Osmerus eperlanus); but the
corrupted name ‘mummychog’ has

B24 BUREAU OF

smelt—continued.
been transferred to another species.
From mohméeog, pass. and recipr. moh-
moittedog, they are gathered together.

smoke, pukut, pukit (piek, R.W.); pu-
kittaua, (it) smokes; pukittaawmash, they
(inan. pl.) smoke (kek pikkuttdio, your
house smokes, C.); adj. and ady. pukut-
tae, smoking, of smoke; dimin. pukkut-
taemes, vapor, fog. Cf. pukquee, ashes,
mire; puhquohke, a clod of earth.

smooth, msi, mase, mopsiyeu, mooseu, (it
is) smooth, bare (immsi, bald, C.); pl.
mosiyeuash, they are smooth; but mase
qussukquanesash, smooth small stones,
1Sam. 17,40; mosompsk, a smooth stone
[mosi-ompsk]. See bald. maswm, he
smooths, hence he shaves his head, cuts
his hair. See shave. maswau [for inow-
sehhuau, caus. an.], he makes smooth,
an. obj., hence he shears or shaves.
mosumuaéhquok, that which makes
smooth, a razor.

snail, askequttum, Ley. 11, 30.

snake, askowk (asktig, R. W.; ascowke,
Morton, N. E. Canaan; Peq. skoogs,

Stiles; askook, C.; Del. achgook, Hkw.;
moaskug Cmoni, black], a black snake,
R. W.; Del. suckachyook, Hkw.); pl.
-+og; dimin. askokse, a small snake, a
worm. sésekq, sesegk, pl. sesequdog, a
poisonous snake, ‘adder’, ‘viper’ (sé-
sek, rattlesnake, R. W.) [seséka, he rat-
tles, makes a noise (?), ‘he peeped’,
Is. 10, 14; sahsauag, when it tinkles,
‘tinkling’, 1 Cor. 13, 1]. Cf. whk, ahq
(oohke, C.), a worm.

snare, appeh, ahpeh, appehhan, a snare,
gin, ortrap. See catch; trap (n.).

sneeze, wushikw, he sneezes (sanneg-
koonk, sneezing, C.; annuonk, sneezing,
ibid.). papataudonk, sneezing (vio-

lent blowing, blast of air).

snow, kan (céne, R.W.; Del. gin, guhn,
Hkw.).
Stiles; séchepwutch, when it snows, R.
We

does it snow?; matta mahpinna, it does

séchepo, R. W.; Peq. souch’ pou,
muhpouwi, it snows; sun mahpu,

not snow, C.; muhpme kesukod, a snowy
day, El., 1 Chr. 11, 22 (cf. tahpu, frost).
Cree mispoon.

so. See as; like; such.

sob, nohtimwinneat, to sob or sigh; nun- |

nohtumup, I sob or sigh, C.

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

|

[BULLETIN 25

so far as, na@hqueu, nohque, unnawhquer.
See far.

soft, nahki, nakiyeu (nahkie, C.), it is
soft; an. no@hkésu, he is soft or tender;
caus. Inan. nakohteau, he softens (it),
makes it soft. saupdeu, sabdeu, it is
soft, 1. e. it is made soft, perhaps pri-
marily softened by water: saupde ma-
nomsk, softened clay, ‘mortar’, Gen.
11, 3, ete.; hence, suppos. inan. sdbahég,
sobahég, pottage, that which is soft or
thinned, and nasdump, R. W., ‘a kind
of meal pottage, unparched. From this
the English call their samp.’ Dutch
suppacn (suppawn, sepawn, sepon, Web-
ster), ‘the crushed corn, boiled to a
pap’, Deser. of N. Netherl., 1671; fur-
ther corrupted to pone (Abn. ntsaii-
bain, sagamité, Rasles). Seedrink(v.).

softly, manunne. See slow.

soldier, matwau, an enemy (in arms),
a soldier (matwauog, soldiers, R. W.;
cf. matwatonck, a battle, ibid.). See
enemy.

solitary, fouwushin, touvishin, it is solitary,

desolate, deserted: ohke pish touishin,
the land shall be desolate; suppos. nek
ne tauuhshik, my house that is waste,
Hagg. 1,9; as adj. touwushinne, solitary,
desolate. See alone.

so long as, nisohke, ne sohke, tohsahke, so
longas, while. Cf. nesdhteag, the length
of.

some, nawhutche, nawutche(néwhitche, C.),
a part of, some of (it) [na wutche, there-
from, as a less taken from or out of a
greater]. pavishe, R. W. See half.

somebody, liowan; pl. howanig.
any.

sometimes, momanch, mamansh (mémi-
nish, O.), sometimes, now and then, at
times.

See

son, wun-naumon-uh, his son, the son of;
NUNNAUTMON, my son; pl. NUNNAUMONOY,
My sons, nunnaumon wunnaumonuh, my
son’s son; kenawmon (kenémon, C.), thy
son; wunnaumoniin, a son, i. e. the son
of any, any son; n. collect. wun-nau-
monunk, sons; wame nunnaumonunk, all
my sons. nummickiese, nummuckqua-
chucks, my son, R. W. See boy; younger
son.

son-in-law, wuss/num, he is the son-in-
law (daughter’s husband) of: pish ken

TRUMBULL] ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 3825

son-in-law—continued.
waseenumukqueh, thou shalt be my son-
in-law, 1 Sam. 18, 21; suppos. part.
wasénumukquiche, & son-in-law (noséne-
muck, he is my son-in-law,:R. W.).

|
|

soon, fteanuk. quenau, quende, as soon as

(kittummai, kittumydi, R.W.). See im-
mediately.
soot, penolht, C. (?)
sore, kehkechai (it is sore), a sore; an.

south wind, sowansh, sowanshin, there is
a south wind, the south wind blows
(sowwanishew, the southwest wind; tou-
wittin, the south wind, R. W.).

sow, ohketeau, he sows or plants. See
plant.

span, 6mskinausu. See measures of
length.

sparrow. imameesashques is used for

kehkechésu, (he is) sore; vybl. n. kehke- |
chésuonk, kehchesuonk, soreness, a sore |

(wv chésammam, iw chesammattam, T am
in pain; nchésammam vn’ sete, my foot is
sore, R. W.).

sorrowful, nevantam, he is sorrowful, he |

grieves; y. i. and y. t. inan. he grieves,
he grieves for (it); vbl. n. newantama-
onk, sorrowing, sorrow. See grieve.

sorry, wiuskoiantam, he is sorry; y. t. he
is sorry for (it). See repent.

so soon as, quenau, quende, as soon as,
scarcely. :

soul, ketedhogkéu, (he is or it is) a living
creature, a living self [keteae-hogk].
This word is used by Eliot for ‘soul’,
(living) ‘creature’, a human being,
ete. It is doubtful if it was known to
the language before he employed it.
Cotton, however, has ketéahogkau, soul.
cowméwonck [=kouéonk], the soul, ‘* be-
cause they say it works and operates

when the body sleeps [kouew]. micha- |

chunck, the soul in a higher notion,
which is of affinity with a word signi-
fying a looking-glass or clear resem-
semblance, so that it hath its name
from a clear sight or discerning.’’—
R. W. nashauvonk, the spirit of man,
lit. breath, zveDua. See spirit.

sound. See voice.

sour, sée, (it is) sour; suppos. séog (when
it is sour), that which is sour: sée petuk-
quinunk, leavened bread; sée wine,
‘vinegar’; adj. sedne [sée-unne, sour-
like], sour: seane wenom, sour (unripe )
grape, Is. 18,5. Cf. siogke, hard, difti-
cult.

south, sowandyeu, sdanaiyeu, southward,
to or at the south, but (sowwainit) ac-
cording to R. Williams, ‘the South-
west’, where ‘the Gods chiefly dwell’.
sowanohke, the south country.

southeast wind, nundckqguttin, R. W.

|
|
|

‘swallow’ and ‘sparrow’; maméshash-
quish, Ps. 102, 7 (mamessashquas, Mass.
les)

speak, kuttw, he speaks, he utters
speech; ybl. n. kuttoonk, kuttoowonk,
speech (a word, C.; the Word, 6 Adyos);
with i’ progressive ketwkau, he talks,
goes on speaking; ketoakash (kuttékash,
R.W.), speak thou (noh wunne keket@-
kau, he speaks well or is fair-spoken;
nukketetokom, I speak, C.). annanan,
amawau, winowau, he speaks to (as
a superior to an inferior), he tells or
commands (him); windék, speak ye to
(them); oh anont, he who speaks to
or commands; dnén, when I speak to
(him) (nut-annonuk, he commands
me; unnawonal, to say, C.). See say;
think. kenanau, he speaks to (him),
he talks with (him); kenonwk, speak
ye to (them); kenaws, speak thou to
(them); suffix kuk-ken@nsh, 1 talk with
you, I speak to you (as a superior to an
inferior); n. agent. kenanuaen-in, acoun-
selor.

spear, qunuhtug, pl. +-quash [qunni-
uhtugk, long stick]; anneganuhtuk, a
fish spear, Job 41,7 (Del. notameshican,
Hkw. ].

species. See kind (n.).

speckled, mémdne, ‘freckled’, Ley. Thay,
39; momonesu, (heoran. obj. is)speckled
(mémonesein, Gen. 30, 33); suppos. part.
pl. neg méménesitcheg, they which are
speckled. See spot.

speech, kuttowonk, speech, utterance;
vbl. n. from kuttw, he speaks; keketa-
kauonk, continued speech, talk; vbl. n.
from keketokau, he goes on speaking;
hettowonk, unnontowaonk, speech, lan-
guage. See language.

spider, mamunapit, mamunappeht.

spill, quoiishau, quodshau, it is spilled,
Luke 5, 37; Mark 2, 22; ne quouhteamuk,
that which is spilled, 2\Sam. 14, 14.

326

spin, fuppenohteau, tutuppenohtean, (he)
spins, twists. See string; twist.
spirit, vashduonk, breath, the spirit of
Apparently
a verbal from nashdaue, it is between,

man (mvevsa, spiritus).

medium; because intermediate to the

material and immaterial or to animate

and inanimate existence, a ‘tertium
quid’?.

Spirit of God, wun-nashauaniteamoh God,
Gen. 1, 1 (cf. Dan. 4, 8, 9; 5, 18); nash-
auanit, Matt. 4, 1 (ef. mattanit, the devil,
ibid. ).

spit, sulkou, he spits (eskauousinneal, to
spit, to be spiteful, C.;
spit; nissuke, I am spiteful, C.); sa@kq,
sohg, spittle.

spoil (n., booty), sequttahhamoonk [vbl.n.
from sequttahham, he leaves (it ) behind }.

spoil (y.).

spontaneously, nehenwonche, of himself,

See soul.

nutteeskouous, I

See hurt; rob.

of itself, sua sponte.
spoon, wuttattamwaitch, pl. -uash (but
my C.) From
wuttattamwaehheau, -weheau [eaus. from
wuttattam], it makes him drink, enables
him to drink (?).

nootattamuaeteh, cup,

kundin, pl. +induog,

R. W.; kunndm, quonnam, and kuhpoh- |

honk, spoon or ladle, C.

spot, chohkag, chogq, a small bit, a trifle,
a spot, a jot: wompi chohkag, a white
spot; freq. chohchohkag (suppos. inan.,
when it is spotted or has many spots),
that which is spotted; an. chohkesu,
chohchohkesu, (he is) spotted; suppos.
chohchohkesit, when he is spotted; pl.
neg chohchohkesitcheg, the spotted (ani-
mals). mdémaechohkesu, (he is) spotted;
neg momaechohkesitcheg, they (animals)
which arespotted [mai-chohkesu, having
dark or black spots ?]. See speckled.

spread about, pendekinnu, it spreads
about (as a yine), Ezek. 17, 6. From
panneau, it goes astray.

spread out, sepagenuin, sepakinnum, he
spreads (it) out; suppos. inan. part.
sepagkemauk, spread out; inan. subj.
sepagemo, sepukema, it is spread out, it
spreads itself; v. i. an. sepakéog, they

spread themselves. See sail (n.).

spring (a season).

spring (of water), tohkekom,a spring, a
fountain, pl. + muash; tohkekommupog,
springs of water, running water, Num.
19, 17; Josh. 15, 19.

See seasons.

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

| spring up (as a plant), sonkin, sonkun,

it springs up: teanuk sonkenash, (these)
spring up quickly, Matt. 15, 5; suppos.
part. sonkuk: kutche sonkuk, ‘in the be-
ginning of the shooting up’, Amos 7, 1;
caus. inan. sonkenwahteau, he makes it
spring up. sonkehteau, it springs forth,
puts out (as a bud from a plant).

sprinkle. See scatter.

square, yoaue ndi (four-cornered), square.
See angle; corner.

squash, ‘‘ushkiitasquash, their vine-apple,
which the English from them call
squashes’’, R. W.
is their best bread in summer when their

“ Tsquoutersquashes

corn is spent’’, Wood, N. E. Prospect
“Squashes, but more truly squonter
EH. Rar. 57
Eliot gives askatasg, pl. askotasquash,
cucumbers, Num, 11, 5;
quash, melons; quonmasg, a gourd, ete.
Cotton derives this asqg from aske, raw:

squashes”’, Josselyn, N.

monaskatas-

manosketimuk, ‘cucumbers or a raw
thing’, and this etymology is estab-
lished by Rasles’ Abn. éskitamek &a'sasé,
pl. éskitameghiv, ‘melon d’eau, i. e.
qu’on ne fait pas cuire’ (skié, crud).
See raw. It was probably a general
name for the Cucurbitaceze or melon-
like plants, derived either from aske,
raw, i.e. which may be eaten uncooked,
or from the kindred word askeht, oskeht,

that which is green. Cf. wame ashkash-

quosh,‘ all the green grass’, Rey. 8, 7.
askiitasq (pl. askiitasquash ) is perhaps
compounded from askok, snake, and
usq, snake-like plant; perhaps from
askeht-asq, green melon-like plant. The
English adopted the plural asquash
asa singular and formed a new plural
squashes.

squeteague (Labrus squeteague Mitch. )
is supposed to be an Indian name of a
species of fish common on the coast of
New England, but I have not found it
in any early writer. The same species
is in some places known as checout or
chequit.

squint-eyed, pdnikqua, C. [panne-nuh-
quaeu, he looks astray or wrong].

squirrel, anéqus, a little colored squirrel;
pl. anéquussuck, R.W.; the chipmunk or
striped squirrel, Sciurus striatus Lanog-
kesu, he is painted]. mk8é, écureuil;
anik&sess, suisse, Rasles. ‘‘The Suisse

TRUMBULL]

squirrel—continued.
squirrels are little animals resembling
rats. The epithet of Suisse is bestow’d
upon’em in regard that the hair which
covers their body is streak’d with black
and whiteand resemblesa Suisse’s doub-
let, and that these streaks make a ring
on each thigh which bearsa great deal of
resemblance toa Suisse’s cap.’’—Lahon-
tan 1, 235-236 (ed. 1703).
R. W.; mishannek, pl. +-wog, C.; m’ ush-
dnneege and shenneague, asquirrel, Stiles
[mishe-anéqus, great squirrel].

staff, anwohhou (wut-dnho, R.W.),a walk-
ing staff (cf. anwohsin, he rests). qun-
nuhtug, an upright staff, stick, or pole
[qunni-tugk, long stick].

stagger, chanisshau, he staggers, as a
drunken man, C.; ybl. n. chachanissha-

mishanneke,

onk and chanehchashauonk, staggering
or reeling, ibid.
chikau, he staggers.

stand, neepau, he stands, he rises up
(erect); munneepoh, I stand; népaush,
stand thou (‘up’ Judg. 8, 20); né-
paitch, let him stand; suppos. noh né-
pauit, he who stands (nwnnepa, I stand,
C.; y6 néepoush, stay or stand here,
R.W.); inan. subj. neepauma, neepoma,
it stands; nish neepémoash, these things
stand; inan. caus. nepadtau, nepattanu,
he makes (it) stand, he stands (it) up,
and with inan. subj. it stands (i. e. it is
made to stand up): matta pish nepad-
tauoash, they (inan.) shall not stand

kehkepshau, quehqueh- |

up, Is. 27, 9; hence nepattuhquonk, a |

post, a stake.

kompau, he stands erect, as a man
stands. Thisverb, related to omp, man,
is not found except in compounds, of
which there are a considerable number.
Heckewelder observes that in the Del-
aware ‘ap or ape, for walking in an
erect posture’, is one of the regular
terminations of the names of animals;
‘hence /Jenape, man’, Corresp. 411.
sampokompau [sampwe, straight, up-
right], he stands upright.
pau, quesikompau, he stands upon (it):
pish kukquesikompau qussuk, thou shalt
stand upon a rock, Ex. 33, 21. ohpik-
kompaw wusseetash, he stands upon his
feet, Dan. 7, 4; ef. ohpantu, he walks
or treads upon, Job 9, 8.

quenikoin-

chequnikoin-

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 3827

stand—continued.

pau, he stands still, Josh. 10, 13. og-
quekompauog, they stand like or in the
manner of, Job 38, 14.
-poog (they stand in a row), a row of
men or animals; ef. pumdhtaash (they

pumikompauog,

are in a row), a row of inan. objects.
nauwakompau, nawosikémpaw [nawwaen,
nauwosu, he bends or stoops], he stands
bent or stooping.
they stood round about (it); weinne-
kompattauog, Gen. 37, 7 [waeenu, it is
round about, around].
pau [quinnuppu, he turns about], he
stands turned about; hence ‘he is con-
verted’, and quinnuppekompauaen, ‘a

waeenikompattauog,

quinnuppekom-

convert’.
quenohteau, it stands (is supported)

on; suppos. inan. guenohtag, a founda-

tion.

star, «anoggs (andckqus, pl. andcksuck,
R. W.; andggs, C.); pl. anogqsog; mish-
dnogqus (mishadnnock, R. W.), the

morning star [mishe-anoqs].
starve, paskdnontam, he suffers extreme
hunger, he staryves

: noh nahen nuppme
paskdnontam, he is like to die with
hunger, Jer. 38, 9; ybl. n. paskdnonta-
maonk, starvation, extreme hunger.

stay, appu, he stays orremains. See sit.
togkogku, togkoggshau, it is stayed, is
stopped: enninneaonk togkogqshau, the
plague was stayed, Num. 16, 48, 50,
=togkogqushomm, Num. 25, 8.

steal, he steals;
suppos. part. pass. kommatomuk, (that
which is) stolen; neg. imperat. skom-
motuhkon, thou shalt not steal (nuk-
kummot, I steal, C.; wepe cukkiimmot,
you have stole, R. W.); vbl. n. kommo-
towonk, stealing, theft; n. agent. kom-
motowaen-in, a thief.

steel, menuhkequog,
iron.

kommoto, kummaoto,

missehchuog. See
sterile, méhcheu, mehchéyeu, (it is) sterile,
barren, empty.
stick (n.).
stick (v.), pi:
cleayeth, sticketh, it
sticky; adj. pissagquane, miry, sticky.

See empty.
See rod; wood.

ogqushean, pissogqshean, it
is adhesive or

mosogque, it adheres, sticks clo:
quohteau, it adheres to (it), sticks close
to (it); inan. pl. mosogquohtaash, they
stick together, adhere (nummésogque-

MLOSOg-

328 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

stick (y. )—continued.
tam, I cleave to or stick to, C.); from
mussunum, he touches (it).

still (adj.), chequnappu, he is still, he
remains quiet. See silent. chequnussu,
she is still (in action), he does or acts
quietly. ahtotapagodtut (2), ‘beside the
still waters’, Ps. 23, 2, =manunushae
nippeit, Mass. Ps.

still (adv.). See yet.

sting, vbl. n. chohkmwaonk, a stinging
[chogq, a spot, a very small thing, and
ké, sharp ?] (chohkiihha, a sting, C.).

stir, momontunnum, ma-, he stirs, moves,
causes motion in (it): momontunnum
nippeash, he troubled the waters, John
5, 4; mamontonuk wussissittonash, when
he moved his lips, Prov. 16, 30.
mamonchu, he stirs, he moves; mamon-
chema@, it stirs. ontahteau, ontohteau, it
stirs, it is moved from its place.

wogkauunau, he stirs up, incites, sets

in motion (him); wogkowunum, he stirs

(it) up, sets (it) in motion; inan.

subj. otan wogkouwemm, the city was

moved (excited), Acts 21, 28; nippe |

wogkouémouk, when the water is trou-
bled, stirred, John 5, 7; vbl.n. wogkoue-
onk, stir, commotion. See move.

stockings, caukéanash, R. W.; Peq. cun-
gowuntch, a stocking, Stiles. See leg-
gings.

stomach, muppachinau, C. See bosom.

stone, gussuwk, a rock, pl. qussukquanash
(qusstick, a stone, R. W.; qussuk, rock,
C.). hassun, a stone, pl. +-ash; dimin.
hassunemes (so El. Gr. 10, 12; but the
distinction is not uniformly observed
in his translation). qussukquanéhtu,
among the rocks; qussukquaneutunk
( quissukquannitonk, C.), a wall (Del.
meechek achsinink, at the big rock,
Hkw.; qussvicqun, it is heavy, R. W.).
hassunnegk, a cave; hassunneutunk, a
stone wall. ompsk, ompsq, in com-
pound words, an upright rock, a stone
(not found separately in Eliot’s Bible;
but missitche ompsqut, ‘a great rock’,
occurs in Samp. Quinnup., p. 156):
kenompsq, a sharp stone [keneh-ompsk];

wanashquompsk, the top of a rock |

[wanashque-ompsk]; togwonkan-

ompsk, a will stone, etc. chepiskg, chip- |

| stone—continued.
pipsk, in compound words, a rock [a
detached, separate (chippi) rock ?];
woskechepisk, the top of a rock, 2 Chr.
25, 12; Ezek. 24, 7; ut chippipsqut, ‘on
the rocks’ (on a rock), Acts 27, 29
(machipscat, a stony path, R.W., =may-
chippiskqut?). pumipsk, pumupsq, pl.
pumipsquash, «a rock, rocks; kenugke
pumipsquehtu, among the rocks, Job
28, 10; pl. pumupsquehtuash (?), 1 K.
ate ala
| stoop, sukoshkodtaeu, sukoshkodtassun
| onatuh qunnonou, ‘he stooped down,
he couched as a lion’, Gen. 49, 9; wish-
quossun, he couched (as a lion), Num.
| 24,9. See bend one’s self; bow down.
storm, mishehtashin (it storms), a storm
of wind, a tempest (mishitdshin, there
is a storm, a storm, R. W.; mishetashin,

Winds, C.): waabin mishshehtash, there
arose a tempestuous wind, Acts 27, 14;

suppos. mishehtashinit, when it storms:
wutche mishe tahshinit, from the storm,
Ts. 25, 4 [mishe-tahshin, it is greatly
lifted up, there is a great uplifting].
nashquitin (it destroys, if rages with
violence), a yiolent and destructive
tempest (nashqittin, uhquohquat, a
northerly storm or a tempest, C.); sup-
pos. nashquit; ef. nashquttag, fire; squtta,
R. Wi ,

story, wrnehtongquat, a story; pl. -+-ash,
C.

straight, sampwi. See right.

strange, penomwe, different, unlike, for-
eign; penowohkomuk, a strange place.
See different; foreign.

stranger, penawolhteau, he is strange or
a stranger, he is different, unlike; con-

tract. penawoht, penuwot, a stranger
(penmwohtea, C.); pl. penawohtediog,
strangers, ‘the heathen’, Ezek. 36, 3,4
(mippenowdntawem, IT am of another
language; penowtuntowawhettiiock, they
are of a divers language, R. W.).
strawberry, wuttahminneoh, C.; pl., wut-

| tahimneash, R. W.

| street, fawmaog, taummaog; entauamdog-

| quehtu, into the streets.

strength. See strong.

| stretch out, summagunum, samogkin-

num (summdgkinum, C.), he stretches

TRUMBULL]

stretch out—continued.
out (his hand, a staff, etc.); suppos.
summagunuk wunnutcheg, when he
stretched out his hand; ne samogkinu-
muk, that which is stretched out; swm-
magohteau, it stretches

nimnat, to lie along, C., i. e. to stretch
one’s self; nussummogqussin, I lie along,
ibid.) [soh-magun, he offers or presents
it forth]. sesekeu (2), he stretches him-
self. sesepdeu, he stretches himself, lies
at full length; suppos. part. pl. neg sese-
pauécheg, they who stretch themselves,
Amos 6,7 [from sepe, sese-appu, extend-
ed, at length]. See spread out.

strife, penudnittuonk, contention, strife;
vbl. n. recipr. from penuanwnau, he has
a difference with (him). See conten-
tion.

strike, fogku, he strikes. This, the pri-
mary intransitiveverb, is rarely found in
use. The infinitive togkonat, ‘to hurl’
(stones), occurs in 1 Chr. 12, 2, i. e. to
strike with, whence the suppos. inan.
togkunk, an ax, an instrument to strike
with (or to be hurled?), and vbl. n. tog-
wonk, togguhwhonk [=togkuonk], a mor-
tar for pounding corn, lit. a striking.
togkomau, he strikes (him); nutlogkom,
I strike, El. and C.; suppos. part. noh
togkomont, he who strikes; intrans. noh
togkomit, he who strikes or smites (with
arod, ete. ), Is, 30, 31; freq. tattagkomau,
he strikes (him) repeatedly, he beats
(him); suffix wuttattagkomouh, they
beat him (nuttatlagkom, I beat, C.);
vbl. n. act. togkommwaonk, a blow; pass.

togkomitteaonk, a blow received.
kodtam, he strikes (it); suppos. part.
noh togkodtog, he who strikes; freq. noh
tohtogkodtog, he who strikes often, who
beats; suppos. inan. togkodteg, that
which strikes, when it strikes, a sword;
vbl. n. togkodtuonk, a blow, astroke; tat-
togkodtuonk,a beating (tattagkodtuongash,
stripes, Ind. Laws).
cheg, to strike with the hand; pish tdd-
teadt, he will smite with (it), Is. 3,17.
See shake.

string, pemunneoht, pemunneat, a cord, a
string ( peminnealt ome, a fishing line;
peamenyaht, a cable, C.); pl. +ash,

tog-

tatteohtinat menut-

out or is)
stretched out, extended (suminogquissin- |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

|
|
|
|
|

|

sturgeon, kaviposh, pl.

string—continued.
onash. tuttuppun, tatuppin, a (spun
or twisted) thread: msqui tuttuppin, a
scarlet thread, Josh. 2, 21; adj. tuttup-
punde, twined or spun.

strip, poskinau, he strips (him), uncovers
(him). See naked. mukkwkinau, he
strips, plunders, robs (him). See rob.

strive, mekonau, he strives, contends,
quarrels with (him) (nwt-chekeayeuit-
team, I strive, C.); recipr. from cheke-
heau, he uses force. See fight; quarrel.

strive after, ahchu, he strives, exerts
himself, is diligent: ahchue, ‘do thy
diligence’, exert thyself, 2 Tim. 4, 9;
ahchue tapaekon, ‘labor not to comfort
me’, Is. 22, 4. See hunt.

strong, menuhki, menuhkew (munnuhke,
Exp. Mayhew), it is strong, firm, hard;
an. menuhkesu (minikésu, R. W.), he is
strong; n. agent.
strong man, ‘mighty man of valor’, 2
Chr. 32, 21;-vbl. n. menuhkesuonk, ani-
mate strength, might (dimin. minio-
quésu, weak, R.W., i.e. a little strong).

strong drink, onkuppe, onkup; menuhke
wuttattamdonk.

menuhkesuen-in, a

stronghold. See fort.

stuff, cheetham-inat, to stuff, C.; cf.
chetimau, he compels (him).

stumble, (fogkusittassun, he stumbles

(nuttogkissitassin, I stumble, C.); togk-

when they stumble
[togku-’seetash, he strikes with his
feet? Cf. togkishkom, he kicks at].

stump, wehquanunkg, the stump of (a
tree); cf. wehque, as far as; wehqshik,
the end of.

ussittassunchettit,

aod, R. Wes
képposh and kaskohat, C.; Abn. kabassé,
pl. -sak, Rasles.

substitute, he substitutes
(it), puts it in the place of something

nompatean,

From nompe, again, instead of.

succotash, sisickquatash, R. W. (who
translates it ‘boiled corn whole’. Its
etymology, however, proves that the
Indian m’sickquatash, like the modern,
was made from shelled corn or corn
separated from the cob: m’sukquttah-
hash, the beaten-to-pieces (corn), inan.
pl. from sukquttahham, he beats it to
pieces or beats it small).

else.

330 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

such, so.
[Nore.—Definition not completed. Seeanwmhque;
dunag; naj: nan; neane; nemehkuh; ne naj; nut-

| sunset—continued.

tintin; onk; unnag; unnaiinneat; wuttiniin; yeu |

Unne, |

suck, nwnontaum, he sucks (it), he takes
by sucking, he sucks up (mukkoies
nonontam, a child sucks, C.; naninneat,
to suck, ibid.); an. nanau, he sucks;
pass. she is sucked, she suckles or
nurses at the breast); pish kenan sog-
kodtunk, thou shalt suck the milk; part.

§ jnanonutche, one who sucks, a sucking
child; pass. suffix wunanuh, she suckled
him, gave him suck, 1 Sam. 1, 25; sup-
pos. nanuk, when he sucks or is suckled,
a suckling; adj. nwnukde, sucking (n0-
ndnnis, nonsu, a sucking child; nun-
ninnug [m’nonuk), milk; wunnunné-
ganash, breasts, R. W.; Narr. nunnese
[nonau-ussu], a baby, Stiles; Peq. mi-
zaus, ‘sucklings of men and _ beast’,
ibid. ).

suddenly, teanuk. See immediately.
tiadchu, tiadche, unexpectedly [matta-
adchue, not sought for].

suffer, nutchequnehtam wuttanehpunnaonk,
I suffer affliction, C.; nutchequinééhtam,
I suffer, ibid. unkquamowau, unkqu-
anumau, he suffers pain; nutongquomom,
I suffer pain, lam in pain. See pain.

suffice, sufficient. See enough.

summer, nepun, sequan. See seasons.

sun, népduz, (1) the sun, (2) a month;
pl. +-saog (nippatius, nippawus, npatius,
R. W.) [népau, he rises up?]. AKésuck-
quand, the sun as a god, R. W. [kesuk-
anit, the god of day]. munndnnock, a
name of the sun and moon, R. W.
Peq. meetin, sun; weyhan, moon, Stiles.
See day.

sunrise, nepduz pashpishau, the sun rises
( pashisha, it is sunrise, R. W.); suppos.
pashpishont, paspishont (when he rises),
sunrising: waj pashpishont onk yeu pajeh
wayont, from sunrise to sunset, Ps. 50, 1
(upposhpishaonk nepaz, sunrising, C.).
From peshau, freq. paspeshau, he bursts
forth, he blooms; pishpeshauau, it blos-
soms, Is. 27, 6; 35, 1.

As . |
sunset, wayont [=wddnit, when he goes |

out of the way or is lost, suppos. from
woonu, wauonul; wayau, it is sunset
(wayadwi, the sun is set, R. W.; mwaya-

onk nepaz, sunsetting, C.); ash waaong-
kup, betore it was sunset, Judg. 14, 18.

’

| sup, nummuhquaeu, he sups (it) up

(ammmoohquénat, to sup up pottage,
etesiCo)s

superior. See chief; more.
supplicate, wehquetumau, he asks (him)

for (it). See ask. nanopassumau, nan-
umnpassumau, he entreats, supplicates
(him); nunnanumpassum Wutoshimanu,
‘T will pray to the Father’, John 14,
16; suffix wunnanopassumouh, they en-
treated him (kennanndmpassumush, I
pray or entreat you, C.). cowarinkam-
ish and cuckquénamish, I pray your ta-
vor, my service to you, R. W.

suppose, winantam, he wills, thinks,

supposes. See think.

surface, woskéche, on the top, on the

surface, on the face of (waskéche, R.W.):
ut woskeche ohkeit, on the face of the
earth; suppos. wosket, weskit: noh wesket
ohtag, that which was uppermost, Gen.
40, 17; wosketohkeit, on the face of the
earth. From wuske, new, at beginning;
cf. wuskesuk, face. See outside; without.

surround, waéenu, (it is) round about,

it surrounds ; waénuhkauwaog, they en-
camp round about (them), Ps. 34, 7;
weenuhkom, he encamps around (it),

besieges, surrounds it.

swallow (n., a bird), mamésashques, a

swallow, a sparrow; papaskhas, swal-
low, Ps. 84, 3, elsewhere partridge
(inamessashquas, sparrow; wapunnuk-
quas, swallow, Mass. Ps.). See sparrow.

swallow (v.), qussedshkwm, quosseashkou,

qushashka, he swallows; kukquosseash-
kumwo, you swallow; misseashka, mis-
heashk@w, he swallows it up, swallows
(it) completely or entirely; suppos.
inan. ne maseashqut, that which is
swallowed.

swan, wequash (wéquash, pl. +atog, and

| sweat, kussittanamwe,

wompatuck, pl. + quaog, R.W.; wompoh-
tuk, a goose, C.). From wequai, light,
bright: wequassus, wequai-oaas, bright
creature.

‘in the sweat of
the face’, Gen. 3, 19; wk-kissittom, his
sweat, Luke, 22, 44; kussitteau, it is
hot (kissittashonat, to sweat; vukkissit-
lashom, Lsweat, C.). pesuppatiog, they

TRUMBULL] ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY 331

swell—continued.
swell, C.). pmtéemm, it swells. See
boil; heel.

sweat—continued.
are sweating, R. W., i. e. they are tak-

|
|
|
ing a sweat in the pésuponck, *hot |

house’ for vapor baths. | swift, henupshau, intens. kakenupshau, he
sweep, chekham, he sweeps (it); an. makes great haste, goes very swiftly;
act. chekhausu, chekhésu, he sweeps, is adj. inan. kentipshae, konupshae, switt;

sweeping, and pass. it is swept; suppos. suppos. part. noh kenupshont, kakenup-

inan. chekhikunk (when it sweeps), a shont, one who goes swiftly; pl. neg

broom. 5 kakenupshoncheg, the swift (muckquétu,

sweet, wikon, weekon, (it is) sweet; pl. | — swift; dummeimmuckquete, youare switt,
wekonash. R. W.). See hasten.

swell, mogquén, mogqueen, it swells, rises swim, neg woh asawecheg, they who
up, protuberates, i. e. it becomes rela- can swim, Acts 27, 43. pdmosmeau,
tively great, from moghki, it is rela- pdmosmuweau, pumds-, pamwdsoo-, ete., he
tively great; mogquenia, it became a swims (nup-pumosmweem, I swim; sun
boil, Ex. 9, 10 (an. mocquésui, he is woh kup-pumosawemwo, can you swim?
swelled: wdme wuhdck mockquésui, all C.). Lit. he swims in the sea (puwm-
his body is swelled; nummockquese, I moh)?

have a swelling, R. W.; nwnmdkques, 1 | sword, togkodteg. See strike.

T ;

tail, wussiikqun, (his or its) tail, El. and | talebearer, kehkomwaén-in, n. agent.
R. W. Lasuhkau, it follows after]. | from kekomau, he talks of, he slanders.
take, nemunwn, he takes (it); wemu- | talk, ketmkau, he talks, he goes on

nush, take it; nemaunitch, let him take it speaking; freq. keketookau (noh wunne
(sun kenemiimumin-as? did you take it? | keketkau, he speaks well or is fair-
C.); suppos. nemunuk, when or if he spoken, C.; kekuttokdunta, let us speak
takes. attamunum, attumunnum, he together, R. W.); n. agent. kehketah-
takes (it), i.e. he receives (opposed to kaen-in, a talker; vbl. n. keketookaonk,
anninnum, he gives, presents, bestows, kehketohkaonk, talk, much speaking;
and nemunum, he takes, i. e. performs an pl. ongash, ‘babblings’, 1 Tim. 6, 20.
act of taking, takes up, takes hold of); See speak.

ahquompi ne ahhut attumunumuk, atime | tall, guanunkqussu, (he is) tall (quranai-

for receiving, 2 K.5,26. amdunum, he qussu, R. W.); suppos. noh quanunk-
takes (it) away; an. amaunumau, he | qussit, one who is tall (pl. quranauqussit-
takes (it) away from (him); amdunsh, chik, the tall, R. W.).

F r | ‘
take it away, El. and R. W.; nutamau- | talons. See claws.
|

numun, I take it away [amdi, it goes | taste (n.), spuhquodt, the taste or flavor
away]. annun, wutannun, he takes of anything; suppos. dshpukquok, spuh-

hold and holds an an. obj.: wuttannun quok, when it tastes of anything (ted-
wusseetash, she held him by the feet, qua aspickquat? what does it taste of?
2K. 4, 27; suppos. noh anumwoh anun- | R.W.).

ont wehtauogut, he who takes a dog by | taste (v.), qutchehtam, qutchtam, he tastes
the ears, Prov. 26, 17; mutual annin- (it), lit. he tries it, makes trial of it;
nittuog, they take hold of one another. suppos. qutchehtamon petukqunneg, if I
tohqunum, he takes hold of violently, taste bread; guadjtog, quajtog, if or
seizes, catches. See catch. nakinwm, when he tastes (it); vbl. n. kutchehta-
he takes (it) down [nakev, it goes moonk, tasting, taste, C. See try.
down]. kodtinum, he takes (it) off or tautog, taut, pl. tautariog, ‘sheepsheads’,
out: kodtinnum ummokis, he drew oft R.W. (Peq. tautauge, black fish, Stiles) ;

his shoe, Ruth 4, 8. See draw out. the name of a fish the plural of which

oon BUREAU OF

tautog—continued.
has been retained for the singular
and has given a name to the species
Labrus tautoga Mitchell (Labrus amer-
icanus Bloch). Dr J. V. C. Smith
says ‘“‘tautog is a Mohegan word mean-
ing black”’ ! (Fishes of Mass. 255).

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

teach, kuhkwmtam, he shows (it), makes |

it known; an. kuhko@tamau, he makes
(it) known to (him) (caus. inan. kuh-
kotumwehteau, he teaches, C.; nuk-
kuhkatumwehteam, I teach, ibid.); n.
agent. hkuhkatomwehteden,
vbl. n. kuhk@tomwehteaonk, teaching,
instruction. See inform; show.

tear (n., lacrymal secretion), mussippeg-
wash, mussuppequash (pl.); wussippe-
quash, his tears [m’sipuk, that which
flows or drops down (?)]. See water.

tear (v.), néhnékinum, nenékunum he tears
(it) (nunnegunum, I tear, C.); nehnek-
shaeu, it is torn; as n. a rent; with
*k progressive nehnekikkom, he tears
(it) in pieces, i. e. goes on tearing it;
y. i. an. subj. nehnekikésu, he tears
to pieces (as a wild beast; ete.), and
pass. it is torn in pieces; suppos. ne

|

a teacher; |

nehnegikausik, that which is torn (ne-

nehkissésu, cutting, cut, C.); an. suffix
wunnehnekukkauoh, he tears him in
pieces. sohqshadtau, sékshadtau, sohk-
wushadtau, he tears (it) in pieces, vio-
lently or as a wild beast tears its prey;
suppos. sohgshadtunk, when he tears;
y. i. an. sohquhkausu, sokuhkausu, he
tears, pass. it is torn (sokshau, it is torn,
1 K. 13, 5); suppos. ne swhquhkausik,
that which is torn in pieces (by wild
UZ lose 28s avin ta ans

beasts), Lev.

sohqshanau, sokshanau, he tears (him);
an. progr. sohquhkauau, soquhkauau, he

goes on tearing (him). The root is swk-
quieu, sohquiyeu, it is in small pieces.
See fine.
garment, a skin, cloth, ete.) (lanocki,

tanécksha, it is torn or rent, R. W.;

kum-mahche-tannakunamous, I have torn
it off for you, ibid.); tannogsheau, tan-

nogkusheau, it is torn (by violence or

by mischance).
teats (ubera), sogkodtungash. See milk.
tell. See command; inform; news;
speak.

tempest. See storm.

tannogkinnum, he tears (a

[BULLETIN 25

temples, wuttahtukquosh, bis temples.

tempt. See try.

ten, piuk, piog; adj. piukque, piogque, the
tenth; piogqut nompe, ten times, i. e. to
the tenth repetition; piogque chippag, a
tenth part; pl. an. piukqussuog, inan.
piukqussuash, piukquttash (pick, pl.
piucksiiog, piuckquatash, R. W.; Peq.
piugg, Stiles; L. I. payac, paunk, Wood).
See chief.

tender. See weak.

tent, wppéhqués, obohquos, abohquos, a cov-
ering, an awning, a tent: abohquos soka-
non, ‘a covert from rain’, Is.4,6. wetu,
a dwelling, a house. See house.

terrible, wikqueneunkqussu, onkqueneunk-
qus, (he is) terrible, an object of terror
[unkqueneunkque, grievous, cruel, se-
vere, from unkque, sore, sorrowful].

testes, wunnussuog. From neesuog, a
pair (?).

testimony, wauwwaonk, witnessing, bear-
ing witness. From wauwau, he testi-
fies.

than, onk: missi onk, greater than.

thank, tuhuttantam, he is thankful, he
gives thanks; an. tabuttantamauau, he
gives thanks to (him), thanks (him)
(kuttabotémish, I thank you, C.; tatihot-
neanawdyean, I thank you, R.W.); vbl.
n. tabuttantaméonk, thanksgiving, thank-
fulness. From tdpi, taupu, sufficient,
and -antam, verb of mental condition:
he is satisfied in mind.

that, ne, that (thing); noh, that (man);
pl. inan. nish, these; with reference to
place or time, na: naut, na ut, there-
upon, on that; na wutche, hence, from
that time; ne wutche, because, therefore,
from that (thing); ne naj, ‘even so’, let
that be so; ne teag, that thing, any-
thing.

thaw, michokat, a thaw (michokatch, when
it thaws, R. W.).

then, jeit [ne-ut or ne with form of sup-
positive, upon that, when that].

thence, nmche, na mch (proceeding from
that), thenceforth, therefrom. See be-
gin.

there, na, at that place, at that time
(nekiis, there, C.?); adv. of place, naiit,
therein, thereon, thereat, El. Gr. 21.
See that.

therefore, newutche, ne wutche, from that.

TRUMBULL]

they, neg, nag (nahoh, nagoh, El. Gr. 7;
nag, nahog, or nagumau, C.), they who;
nagoh, them who, them.

thick, kuppi, (it is) thick, close, dense
(cuppi-machaug, thick wood, a swamp,
R. W.); kuppahtu, in or among that
which is thick or close, ‘in thickets’,
‘in covert’; kuppohquodt (kippaquat,
R.W.), thick or cloudy weather; kup-
pogki (kohpoghi, C.; koppécki, R. W.),
thick, dense. See close.

thicket, kuppohkomuk (a place shut in or
inclosed ora place where trees are thick
or close). Cf. kuppahtu, ‘in thickets’.

thief, kommotowaen, -in, n. agent. from
kommato, he steals. See steal.

thigh, mehquau, meehquau; neehquan, my
thigh; cf. mobpu, the hip. apdme, pl.
apomash, the thigh, thighs, R. W.

thin, saupae, sabie, thin, not hard or
dense, in a liquid or semiliquid state,
soft. Seesoft. wossabpe, wosappe (wus-
sdppi, C.; wassdppi, R. W.), thin: wos-
sappehteau (inan. caus.), he makes it
thin;* pass. it is made thin.

thing, tedy; ne tedg matta tedg,
matteag, something . nothing (ted-
qua, what thing, R. W.); pl. tedguash,
teauguash, ‘money’, movable prop-
erty. teaguas, a matter or thing not
material or tangible; pl. teaguassinish,
things, matters, res; with redupl. wame
teanteaguassinish, all matters, all things,
Gen. 24, 1 [teag and ussu, a thing re-
lated to or dependent on animate ac-
tion].

think, andntam, undntam, he thinks,

purposes, wills, supposes, has in mind; |

nuttenantam, I think; nuttenantamun, I
think it, I will it; ne anantamup, that
which I did think; matta ne anantam
nen, qut ken ne anantaman (suppos. )

‘not as I will, but as thou wilt’, Matt.

26, 39; ne anontog, what he may think |
; f A

or may will, ‘according to his will’,
John 5, 21. In form this word is a
frequentative or intensive from an ear-
ler form, dntam, which is not found in
Eliot. Roger Williams has’ tunndntam
or nedntam, I think (Chip. inendam,
he thinks, Bar., q. v.). This primary
verb, which may be translated ‘he is
minded’ or ‘he has in mind’, is used
in composition of all yerbs which ex-

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

398

think—continued.
press mental states, conditions, and
operations, the passions, emotions, ete.,
and denotes mental activity, as ussu
denotes physical activity. The animate
active form of or undntam
would be andnau, he wills (him),
nearly corresponding with andnan, un-
nunau, he commands (him); and a cor-
responding relationship appears to exist
between wssu, he acts, ussen, he does
it, and wussin, he says.
mussantam [missi-antam], he thinks
much or habitually, he is minded or
disposed (missdntam, he aims at, C.).

| third. See three.

thirst, kohketan, kuh kuttomn, he is
thirsty; nukkohkuttoon, I thirst (niecaw-
katone, I am thirsty, R. W.; nukkéhkit-
ton, C.); suppos. kohkuttog, when he
thirsts; noh kohkuttoog, one who thirsts;
pl. neg kohkuttagig, they who thirst, the
thirsty; vbl. n. kohkuttonwonk, kénkutte-
noonk, thirst. From kéhnkan, kunkan,
(it is) dry, and toon, mouth.

thirty, nishwinchag (shwincheck, R. Wess
nishwinnechak, pl.-suog, C.; Peq. neezun-
chaug naubut piaugg (twenty-ten) and
swunchaug, Stiles); an. pl. + kodtog;
inan. pl. +-kodtash.

| this, yeu, this (thing); an. yeuoh, this

(man); pl. inan. yeush, an. yeug (yd,

R. W.): yew nepauz, this month; yeu

kesukok, this day, to-day; yeu unne, yeu

in (yeuunni, C.), thus, in this manner;

andntam

missantam,

yeu waj, for this cause; yeu or yeuyeu,
at this time, now; yeu, at this place,
here; yeu nogque (toward this), hither
(yO wéque, thus far; ydwa, thus; yd
nowékin, I dwell here; yd wuche, from
hence, R. W.). Cf. ne, that.

thistle, kégkéunogohquohhou. Ct. kénuk-
kehtahwhau, he pricks or pierces.

thither, yean, yaén [yd en, to yonder]:
yeu nogque in kah yd in, hither and
thither; monchish yeu wutch, yaaush, go
hence [go] to yonder place, Matt. 17, 20.

| See yonder.

| thorn, kdéus, a thorn, briar, bramble;
asinnekous, assunnekéus [hassune-kéus,
stony (very hard) briar], a thorn,

| thorn bush. Cf. m’wkgs, an awl; m’uh-

kos, a nail; kéuhquodt, an arrow.

304 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (BULLETIN 25

thoroughly, panippe, papanuppe, whol-
ly, thoroughly. See through. pakod-
che, papogkodche ( paucotche . paugeotche,
R.W.), completely, to the full, entirely,
thoroughly. papaguanne, utterly, thor-
oughly, completely.

thou, ken (keen); (inseparable) h°; kuh-
hog, thyself; kuttinne, thou thyself, tu
ipse, such as thou (see kind, n.); kut-
taihe, it is thine, it belongs to thee.

thousand, imuttannung, muttannunk; pl.
an. muttannonganog-kodtog, -kusswog,
inan. -kodtash, -kussuash: nequt mut-
tanong muttanonganogkussuog, a thou-
sand thousand (men) (nqwitte mittan-
nug, R. W.; Peg. piuggshepauzue, ten
hundred, Stiles). For muttdanmog, a
very great number, very many. See
multitude.

thread, tuttuppun. See string.

threaten, quogwohtdou, quogquohtdou, he
threatens; suppos. noh quogquohtoadt,
he who threatens (nuk-quogquohtowam,
I threaten; quogquohtoadt, ‘if he make
threatening speeches’, Ind. Laws); vbl.
n. quogquohtomudonk, a threat.

three, nishwe, nishiveu (nish, El. Gr.; nish,
pl. an. shiiog, inan. shwinash, R. W.;
nish, nishwe, three; nishwe, third, C.;
Peq. shiteh, Stiles; Del. nacha, Zeisb. );
pl. an. nishuog, inan. nishwinash, shivin-
ash; nishwunnuog, nashwenuag, nash-
wunnuok, the third (when it is third,
suppos. inan.); nashaut, nasheuat, nish-
wudt, the third (when he is third, sup-
pos. an.).

thresh, pogguhham, pogoham, he
threshes (corn or grain), he beats (it)
out (pockhémmin, to thresh or beat out
corn, R. W.) [=pohquetahham, he
breaks it in pieces ?].

threshing-floor, tanuppogguhhamamonk
(?).

throat, mukquttunk, m° quttunk (quttuck,
R. W.); ukquttunk, his throat [trom qut-
daeu, it sinks down]. munnaonk, nash-
donk, a throat, C.(?).

through, pannuppu, panuppe, (it is)
through, throughout: panuppu wame,
(he) is through all, Eph. 4, 6; pannup-
pu wame muttaohkut, throughout all the
world, Rom. 1, 8. pannupshau, pan-
nupwushau, be goes through or through-

through—continued.
out; pannupwishaog otanash, they went
through the cities ( pannupshénat kehtoh
koh ohke, to compass sea and land, C.).

throw, puketam, he throws away; nup-
paketam, Lthrow away; ahque pahketash,
don’t throw, C. See cast away.

thrust through, papashpehtawhan .
ut wuttahhut, be thrust (it) through
(him) to the heart, 2 Sam. 18, 14.

thumb, kehteqgudanutch, kehtequaniteh, pl.
-eash[kehte-uhquae-nutch, great finger].

thunder, pudtohquohhan (it thunders)
(padtohquohhan, thunder; pattohquohan-
yi, it thunders, C.; Etch. paitakeak;
Muh. pautquauhan; L. 1. patuywahamoe,
Wood; Del. peelhdcquon, it thunders,
Hkw.; Abn. pédaiig hiag8, il tonne,
Rasles): mishe padahquohhan, great
thunder, 1 Sam. 7, 10. neimpduog,
thunder; neimpdug peskhémwock, thun-
derbolts are shot, R. W.; nimbau,
thunder, C.; nimpanickhikanuh, ‘the
place of thunder clefts’, Exp. Mayhew.

thus, yeu unne (yeu unni, C.), in this man-
ner. See this.

thy. See thou.

tide, fomdgkon, tommogkon, (there is) a
flood (taméecon, flood tide; tawmacoks,
upon the flood tide; keesagishin, high
water, i. e. it has reached its full height,
is full grown (kesukun) ; nanashowe ta-
moccon, halt flood, R.W.; Abn. tama-
gan, elle monte, Rasles). skatand maz-
thetan, ebb tide; mittdeskat, a low ebb,
R. W. (Abn. 8sikkat, it falls, Rasles;
kisekat, low tide).

tie, kishpinnum, he ties (it); v. i. act.
kishpissu, he ties, is tying, and pass. it
is tied. See bind; fasten.

time, ahquompi, (it is) time, period, sea-
son: wutch uttaachéeu kah ahquompi, ‘tor
a season and a time’, Dan. 7, 12; pl.
+ yewash (kesttkkdttae ahquompi, day-
time, ©.; oggosohquompi [=ogguhse ah-
quomp?], a little time, C. 252); suppos.
aquompak, when it is time, at the time
when; ne aquompak, at that time. See
long time ago.

tire, suuinum, he is tired, weary, faint:
matta sauunuma, he is not wearied
(nissbwanis, nissowanish katimen, nsow-

wushkdwmen, 1 am weary, R. W.; pog-

TRUMBULL]

tire—continued.
kodche nussoutmum, | am very weary,
C.); suppos. noh sawunuk, he who is
weary; an. sauunumau, he tires (him);
caus. he causes
(him) to be weary, makes (him) tired.
to, after verbs of motion, is expressed

sauunnumuahhuan,

by the directive and locative suffix ’/ |

(-ut, -at, -it) when the object is inani-

mate, and by -oh, -uh when it is ani-

mate, though -ut sometimes takes the
place of -oh. en is used after a verb
of motion or an active verb the activity
of which is
immediately upon, the object: annas en
Joppa, send to Joppa, Acts 10, 5.
(yd en, to yonder), to, as far as: wutch
- yean, from . to.

toad, tinnogkohteas, C.; Abn. maskeké;
cf. Chip. omakiki, a toad; omamakisi,
‘he has the smallpox’, Bar. See frog.

tobacco, wuttamduog, R. W.; wuttam-
masim, give me tobacco; wuttammagon,
a pipe, ibid.; Peg. wuttummune, a pipe,
Stiles; wuttoohpommweonish, tobacco, C.
(ef. wuttohuppau, he draws water);
Abn. &d’aman; Miemac. tomahouee and
tomakan, a pipe. See pipe.

toe, pahchaseet (cf. pohchanutcheg, tinger );
kehtequaseet, the great toe.

together, moeu, moae, miyme, moe (maywe,
C.), lit. there is a gathering or assem-
bling. See assemble; gather.

tomorrow, saup (satiop, R. W.; « saw
upp, Wood). See morrow.

tongue, ménan, El. and C.; pl. +ash;
wenan, his tongue (wéenat, R. W.; Del.
wilano, Hkw.; Miami wehlaneh; Sauk
nenraneweh, Keating).

too, too much, wussaume (wussdmme, C.),
very greatly, extremely, too: wussawme
noohk, ‘if the way be too long’, if the
place be too far off, Deut. 14, 24; qwus-
saume peasin, it is too small (wussaume
kusépita, too hot; cosaume sokeniimmis,
you have poured out too much, R. W.).

tooth, meepit, El. and C.; neepit, my
tooth (Peq. néebut, Stiles); weepit, his
tooth (wépit, R. W.); pl. +teash. From
uppo, he eats; mutual inan. uppitteash,
they eat together. See eat.

toothache, pummaumpitetinck,
is the onely paine will force their stout

directed toward, and not |

yean |

|

‘which |

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 335

toothache—continued.
hearts to ery’, R. W.; Del. 1 nipitine,
I have the toothache, Hkw.

top, wanashque, on the top; vbl. n. wan-
ashquonk, the top or summit: wanashque
wutanwohhou, on the top of his staff;

(when)

upon the top of the mountain, Ezek.

6,13; wanachikomuk Lwanashque-komuk],

Lit. at the end of; see

woskeche, on the surface of: wos-
kechepiskg, on the top of a rock, Ezek.
24,7; see surface. kodtuhkde [kodtuh-
koew), in a high place, on the summit of
(a mountain or hill): wt kodtuhkée wad-
chuut, on the top of the mountain; sup-
pos. kodtuhkéag, koduhkéag, kodohkéag,
(when it is at) the top, a high place; see
high place. kuhkuhquag, kohkuhquag
[suppos. inan. from kuhkuhqueu, he goes
up], the top or summit, also, a heap.

torment, onkapunanau, he torments
(him); ahque onkapunaneh, do not tor-
ment me, Luke 18, 28; pass. onkapu-
nanoog, they were tortured, Heb. 11, 35;
ybl. n act. onkapunndonk, tormenting,
torment inflicted; pass. onkapunanittu-
onk, being tormented, torment endured.
dwakompanau, he suffers torment,
is tormented; act. he torments (him);
vbl. n. auwakompandonk, torment; y. i.
act. dwakompannasu, he inflicts torture,
torments.

torn. See tear.

tortoise, tmnuppasog, Ley. 11, 29.
turtle.

torture. See torment.

totem. This word isa corruption from
wutohtae, wutohtu.

touch, mussinum, musunum, mussunum
(missinum, C.), he touches (it); num-
mussinum, I touch; ahque mussinumok,
do not touch (it), touch ye (it) not;
suppos. moh masunuk, he who touches

wanashquodtinnu wadchuut,

the chimney.
end.

See

See wut-.

(it); an. mussunau, he touches (him);
suppos. noh masunont, he who touches
(him) (vbl. n.
CS):

tow, hashabp (ashippog, R. W.). See
flax.

toward, nogque: ne nogque, ‘toward that
way’, El. Gr. 21; yeu nogque, hither;
nuttinuhquain nogque, 1 looked toward

missinummonk, touch,

336 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

toward—continued.
(it). From nuhquaeu, he looks or turns
his face to. See look.

towel, chiskhenitchohhou. From chiskham,
jiskham, he wipes, and nutch, hand.

town, ofan, pl. ofanash (ofan, R. W.; otan-
ick, to the town, ibid.; Del. oténink, to
the town, Hkw.); dimin. ofanemes, a
small town, a village.

trade, kodtawwompasu, kodtauompasu, he
sells, barters, trades. See sell. anaqu-
shau, he trades; anaqushéhettich, letthem

trade (anaqushénto, let us trade; anaqu-
shaiiog (they trade), traders; mouanaqu- |

shatiog, chapmen, R. W.); ef. anaquesu,
it is joined, he makes a joint. nuttom-
mattimun, we bargain; num-mahttommat-
timun, we have bargained, C.; ef. nut-
tottawam, I buy, ibid.; adtéau, he buys
of (him), El.

trap (n.), appeh, ahpeh, appehhan, a snare,
a trap (apehana, traps; wuskapéhana,

new traps; eataribana, old traps, R. W.); |

pl. appehhanog, appeheonog. From pah-

heau, up-paheau, he waits for (him); |

suppos. noh pahhit, he who waits for;
nuppaih, | wait for (him). sunnieckhig,
a falling trap for wolves, R. W. 143.

trap (v.), puttahham, he is taken in a
snare, he goes into a snare or trap
[petau, he puts in, he is put in, and
-om, he goes (verb of motion) ]; puttah-
hamwog, they are ensnared or caught,
Job 34, 30; an. puttahwhau, he traps
(him), ensnares (him), and pass. he is
entrapped; puttahwwhoog, they are
caught in snares, are entrapped; nok
puttuhkuk, he who is ensnared, trapped;
vbl. n. puttahhammonk, entrapping,
catching in a trap.

travail. See bear’children.

travel. See walk.

tray, wunnonk, a dish, ‘platter’ (wun-
naug, tray; pl. +dnash, R. W.); wun-
nonganit, in the dish. Cf. wonogq, a
hole; owonogku, he digs a hole (hollows
out? ).

treachery. See betray.

tread on, taskuhkom, freq. tattaskuhkom,
he treads on (it); suppos. taskuhkog,
tattashkukog, when he treads on (it);
an. laskuhkauau, he treads on (him)
(noh wuttahtdskuhkaiuh, he treads on

tread on—continued.
him, C.). ohpantu, he treads on, sets
his feet on (it), walks on (it).
_ treasure, nompakou, a precious thing, a
| treasure, a ‘jewel’; pl. +-wnash.
| tree, mehtug, mehtugg, matug (mintiick,
R.W.; mehtuk, C.; Peq. a’ tucksh, Stiles;
Del. hittuck, Hkw.); pl. mehtugquash,
matugquash; Aimin. mehtugques, mehtug-
quemes, a small tree (muhtwkoomes, a
stick, C.); pl. mehtugkomesash, twigs,
‘rods’, Gen. 30, 37. The radical is ’)’tug
or ’h’tuk (the initial m’ being the indefi-
nite particle), as is apparent in the
compounds, where ‘tree’ or ‘wood’ is
expressed by -uhtug, and sometimes
(terminally) by -unk or -ulink: mis-
smunk, mussounk, a dry tree, Ezek. 17,
| 24; 20, 47 [mussa, it is dried] (Abn.
mesak& abdsi, arbre sec, Rasles); as-
| kunkg, ashkuhnk, a green tree [askq, ash-
kosh, green] (Abn. aresksak8, Rasles) ;
agwonk, under a tree, 1 Sam. 31, 13
Lagwe, below]; and ut kishkunk, under
[kishke, beside, near to?] a tree, Gen.
| 18, 4,8. See ash tree; oak tree; pine
| tree; poplar tree; sassafras tree; walnut
tree; willow tree.
tremble, nunnukkushau, nunnukshau, he
trembles (nunnukkishom, I tremble,
| ©.); suppos. noh nanukshont, he who
trembles; vbl. n. nunnukshdonk, trem-
| bling. From nunnukkunuwm, he shakes
| (it), with ’sh of derogation.
| tribe, chippanwonk, chippanowonk. From
| chippanau, he separates or divides
(them); vbl. n. chippanmonk, a divid-
ing, division, or separation. chippissuog
(they separate themselves, they are sep-
arated), a people, a tribe.
tribute, ompwunnau, he pays tribute to,
he is tributary to (him); suffix wutom-
pwunuh, he paid him tribute, he ‘gave
him presents’, 2 K. 17, 3; vbl. n. omp-
wunndonk and ompehtedonk, ompwetea-
onk (ompehteaonk, C.), tribute; n. agent.
ompweteaen, ompeteaen -in, a tributary,
a payer of tribute; méunumdonk, mou-
unumoonk (vbl. n. from méunnum, he
gathers), a. gathering or collecting
custom, toll, or tribute, 1 K. 9, 21;
Matt. 17, 25. primpom, ‘a tribute skin
. carried to the sachem or prince,’
R. W. See offer.

TRUMBULL] ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY 337

turn aside or about—continued.
noh quimuppinuk wuhtauog, he who
turns away his ear, Proy. 28, 9; an.
quinnuppunau, he turns (him), makes
him turn; vbl. n. guinnuppeonk, tarning.

turn back, qushkeu, he turns back. See
return. :

turn one’s self about, quinnuppekom-
pau, he turns about, lit. he stands
turned about. See stand.

turn upside down, wunnwmuhkinum,
he turns (it) upside down; mnumuh-
kinwm-un, he turns it upside down, he
overturns it.

trifle, chogg. See spot.

trouble, wuttamantam, he is troubled,
disturbed, he has care or trouble; nw-
tamantam, I am troubled (nétop, notam-
mduntam, ‘friend, I am busy’, R. W.);
caus. an. wuttamehheau, he troubles,
disturbs (him), he gives him trouble,
makes him trouble (nmtamehhiiwam, I
hinder, C.; kotammish, I hinder you;
cotamme, cotammime, you trouble me,
R.W.); caus. inan. wuttamehteau, he
troubles (it), makes (it) trouble or dis-
turbance; wutamehpunaonk, trouble.

trout, mishqiskou, C.

true, truth, wunnomwau, he speaks | turtle, Abn. {8rebé, Rasles (ef. tonup-
truth; nwnomwam, [speak truth, 1 Tim. pasog, tortoise, Lev. 11, 29); amike-
2,7; suppos. wunnomuwdeeyan, if I speak nak8, ‘son écaille’; ef. Chip. mik e nok,
truth (wunnaumwdyean, if he say true; me ke nok, turtle, tortoise.
wurndumwash, speak thou the truth; | twenty, neesneéchag, nesnechag, pl. an,
wunndumuaw ewo, he speaks true, R. +-kodtog, inan. +-kodtash (neesnééchick,
W.); vbl. n. wunnomudyeuonk, a truth; R. W.; Peq. neezunchage or piugg nau-
wunnamuhkutéyeuuk, truthfulness ( when but piugg (ten plus ten), Stiles; Del.
it is true); adv. wunnamuhqut, truly, ischinakhki; Abn. nisineski).
verily; wunnamuhqutteyeum, (it) istrue; | twice, neesit (when there are two): pasuk-
pl. -yeuash, (they) are true; ybl. n. wun- qut asuh neesit, once or twice; neesmwudt
namuhqutteyeuonk, truth (abstract). neesit nompe, when it was doubled twice,

trust, pidbahtantam, paubuhtantam, he Gen. 41, 32; neese tahshe, suppos. neesit
trusts, he trusts in (it); wppabahtan- tahshin, twice as much.
tamun, he trusts in it (papahtantaminat, | twins, tagwosu weechau, ‘twins were in

to trust, C.); an. pabahtanumau, he
trusts in (him).

try, qutchehtam, he tries, he tastes (it);
caus. an. qutchehheau, he makes trial
of (him), he tempts or proves him;
caus. inan. qutchehteau, he makes trial
of (it), he proves it; vbl. n. qutcheh-
teaonk (qutchehtteoonk, pl. -ongash, trials
orattempts, C.). See prove.
he tries, makes an attempt.

kodussu,

tumult, wogkoueonk, tumult, stir, com- |

motion. See stir.

turkey, néyhom, pl. neyhommduog, R.W.; |

N. E. nahenan, L. 1., nahiam, Wood;
Abn. nahame; Del. tshikenum.

turn aside or about, quinnuppu, he
turns: meshehtash . . . quinnuppu, the
wind turns about, changes its direc-
tion, Eeel. 1, 6 (nukquinippem, I turn,
C.); suppos. noh quinnupit, he who
turns; quinnupeit, when it turns (as a
door on its hinges, Proy. 26, 14); y. t.
quinnuppenum, he turns (it); suppos.

B. A. E., Buu. 25

22

her womb’, she bore twins, Gen. 38,
27; togquonsumog, there were twins,
Gen. 25, 24 (togquos, ogquos, a twin,
pl. ++suog, C.; tackquiuwock, twins, R.
W.)

twist, tuppindhteau, freq. tuttuppennoh-

teau, he spins or twists, caus. inan. from
tattuppunau, tatuppineau, it is twisted
(turned or rolled around) ; tuttuppun,
tatuppin (spun, twisted), a twisted
thread or string; sometimes tuttuppuno-
ahtog, that which is twisted or made to
twist. From tatuppe, equal, alike;
tatuppehteauv, he makes it equal, equal-
izes it, Ps
he rolls (it).

Cf. tatuppequanum,

twisted (tortuous), pepemsque (pemis-

quai, crooked or winding, R. W.). See
crooked.

two, reese, nees, pl. an. neesvog, inan. nee-

sinash (neesse, neese, nees, pl. an. neéswock,
inan. neenash, R. W.; Peg. naéz, neese,
Stiles). See twice.

338 BUREAU OF

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

wi

unable, nonum, nonanum, I am unable,

TI can not, and he is unable, he can not; |

nononumumun, we are not able (nond-
num, nodnshem, I can not, R.W.; noonat,
to be wanting or defective, C.). Cf.
nochumwi, weak; mattanum, he is un-
worthy, Mark 1, 7. “imheau, he could
not, Judg. 1, 19. matta tapenum, he is

not able, he can not; matta tapenuma, it |

can not, it is unable; from tdpi, taupi,
enough, sufficient; tapenum, he suffices
for, can.

unbind, ompeneav, he unbinds (him).
See loose.

uncle, wussisses, wussusses, his uncle
(@shesin, an uncle, C.; wiissese, R. W.);

my uncle;
a@shesoh, the wife of his uncle (Muh.
nsase, (my) uncle by the father’s side;
nuchehque, (my) uncle by the mother’s
side, Edw. ).

unclean, nishkenewnkque, suppos. nish-
keneunkquodt, when it is unclean; an.
nishkeneunkqussu, (he is) unclean; vbl.
n. nishkeneunkqussuonk, (the doing of)
uncleanness; caus. inan. nishketeau, he
makes (it) unclean, defiles it.

uncover, he
(opens). poskinwm, he lays bare.

under, aguu, agwe, it is below, under-
neath. See below.

understand, wahteou, he understands.
See know.

undesignedly, pehcheu (‘unawares’,
Num. 35, 11; Gal. 2, 4).

unexpectedly, tiadchu. See suddenly.

unless, kuttwmma (kittimma, C.; kottume,
kuttumma, C. Mather).

until, pajeh; yeu pajeh, until now; né
pajeh, toh pajeh (né pajeh, ndpaj, C.),
until that, until.

NOSUSSES, ummittammussoh

wohshinum, uncovers

unto (as far as), wehque (yo wéque, thus
far, R. W.) [wéhkéeu, at the end of].
See end.

up. See go; lift up; spring up.

upper, kuhkukque, above, upper.
ascend; go.

upper part, woskeche. See surface; top.

upright, sampwe. Seeerect; right; stand.

upward, paamu, upward, more than (in
time): wutch . . . kah paamu, from
(one month old) and upward, Num.
26, 2,4. See above; go.

urge, chetimuau, he urges; chetimudnat,
to urge, C. See compel.

urinate, suppos. oh sdgketog, noh sagkeet,
he who urinates. Cf. sokinnum, he
pours out.

urine, ninyeu, nunneyeu; wunnunneyeu,
their urine, Is. 36, 12.

use, auwohteau, auwahteau, he uses (it),
makes use of (it) (nuttawohteam, I
use, C.): auwohteaog muttinnohkou, they
use the right hand; awwahteaog yeu
siogkawaonk, they use this proverb,
Ezek. 18, 2; suppos. noh wuwohteadt, he
who uses; vbl. n. pl. auwohteaongash,
weapons, John 18, 3 (utensils?).
wohkon, it is used, habitually made use
of (auwohkonat, ompattamiinat, to wear
clothes out, C.).
he makes habitual use of, knows how
to use, is skilled in the use of; suppos.
noh nohtonuk, he who uses; pl. neg noh-
tonukeg, they who handle or are accus-
tomed to the use of (spears, shields,
etc.), 1 Chr. 12, 8; 2 Chr. 25, 5.

uselessly, tahnache, in vain, causelessly
[matta-nache?).

usually, yoyatche, always (usually, C.,
and wameyeue, usually, ibid. ).

utterly, papaquanne. See thoroughly.

See

CuU-

nohténum, nehténum,

TRUMBULL]

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

339

\

vainly, tahnache.

valiant, kenompde, valiant, valiantly; ke- |

nompaonk, valor; kenompdnunkgissiionk,
boldness, C. Cf. kenomp, a captain,
John 18, 12; keénomp and inickquomp,
a captain or valiant man, R. W. See
captain.
does valiantly (he is strong, powerful,
in action); menuhkesuen, a ‘‘mighty
man of yalor’, 2 Chr. 2
nantamoonk, ‘valor’, Man. Pom. 86.

menuhkesu, menuhke ussu, he

29

32, wuttoo-

valley, mnduhkdi, onduohkoi, monokdiyeu
(oonouwohkoai, pl. --yeuash, C.): en
mnouhkoiyeue, into the valley, into the
low country [wndéi-ohke, deep or low
land].

value, wunaham, be values, fixes the
value of (it); @nohamun, he values it;
an. wunahau, he values him, estimates
his value (for ransom);
hammonk, a valuing, valuation, esti-
mated value. See ransom.

vanish, mohtupohteau, mohtuppaeu, it
vanishes, passes away. See consume;
fade; pass away.

vapor, ouwdn, mist, vapor. nishkenon,
collect. nishkenunk, mist, fog, fine rain.
pukkuttaemes (dimin. from pukkut,
smoke], vapor, mist.

vast. See great.

veil, onkquequohhou, -ha, a veil (onkqueek-
ho, a hat, C.); vbl. n. caus. from onk-
whau, he covers (him), he is covered:
onquequohhou, ‘he covered his face’
(with it), Is. 6, 2.

vbl. n. wuno-

puttogquequohhou,

| vessel, wiskq, wisq, wishg (weaskq, C.), a

dish, pot, or vessel: wishquie pummee, a
pot of oil; nukkonishquadt; ‘in old bot-
tles’ (when the vessel isold). Cf. ohkuk,
earthen pot, kettle; quaénwask [qunni-
wiskqy, long vessel], bottle. wiskq or
weaskq was the name for any dish or
vessel made from a gourd or other
of the Cucurbitaceze, asqg, asquash. See
gourd; squash.

vessel (boat). See boat; shallop; ship.

vex, mosqueheau, mosqheau, he vexes
him. Caus. an. from musquanumau, he
is angry with (him) (?). See provoke.

victory, sohkauau, he prevailsover (him),
he obtains the victory; v. i. an. sohkésu,
he conquers, he has the victory; sup-
pos. noh sohkausit, he who is victorious;
vbl. n. sohkéhsuonk, sohkausuonk, vic-
tory. See prevail over.

view, kuhkinneam, kéhkinnum, he ob-
serves, notices, marks (it); huhkinneasu,
he marks it (nukkeehkineam, I view;
kuhkinassinneat, to take a view, C.) See
mark. wussaumpatammin, to view or
look about; wussaumpatdmoonck, a pros-
pect, R. W.

| village, otanemes, small town; dimin.

vbl. n. caus. from puttagwhau, puttogguh- |

wau, he hides or covers over. ydne-
quohha, ybl. n. caus. from ydnunau, he
shuts up, makes close. /

venereal disease (?), mamaskishavi, he
hath the pox; mamaskishaimitch, the
last pox, R. W.

venison, weyaus (flesh, meat), venison
(neattiteam weeyous, I long for venison,
R. W.). See flesh.

very, ahche, very much, exceedingly;
muttae, moacheke, much, very much;
WuUssaume, too much, too, very ( nanpeh,
very; nanpeh peawag, least, very small;
ahche and pehtuh, very, C.).

from ofan.

vine, wenonis, wenomwussipog, wenomesip-
pog; pl. --uash or quash (wenomin, we-
nom, a grape; pl. wenominneash).

violence, woskehuwaonk (vbl. n. act.,
doing hurt); woskehittuonk (vbl.n. pass.,
receiving hurt). See hurt. chekeeneh-
tuonk (vbl. n. pass.), suffering force;
chekeheau, he uses force or violence (to).
See compel; force; rob.

violently, chékee (chekewde, forcibly, C.):
chekee usseonk, an act of violence.

| virgin, penomp, pl. +aog (keegsquaw, kéh-

tuckquaw, R. W. Edwards gives Muh.
penumpausoo, pl. +uk, a boy, boys.
Peq. quausses, a virgin girl, Stiles, for
squasese, squauhses, a girl (?), dimin. of
squa).

Cf. mo-
neam, monunaum, he looks upon, be-
holds (it).

vision, monomansuonk, a vision.

340

voice, wadtauatonkqussuonk wuttauatonk- |

qussuonk (the making a sound), a voice,

noise, sound; mmadtauvatonkqussuonk,
his voice, put for the noise of the sea,
Is. 17, 12; the sound of wheels, Ezek.
3, 18, ete. mishontmwau, he makes a
loud noise, lifts up his yoice, shouts;
adj. and ady. mishontwwde, with a loud
voice, loud-sounding [mishonta, there is

a loud noise}. peantwwau, he makes a

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[BULLETIN 25

voice— continued.
small noise, has a low voice; manunne
peantowoma, there was a still, small
voice, 1 K. 19, 12
wdonk, a hoarse voice, C).
vomit, (menattam, C.), he
vomits (7 munnddtommin, I vomit, R.
| W.); vbl. n. menadtamaonk, yomiting.
| voyage, pumohhamaonk, Acts 27, 10; vbl.
n. from pummohham, he goes by sea.

(tanne . . . onto-

menadtam

W

wade, foudhpeuv, he walks into the water;
suppos. fauohpit, when he walked into
the water (tocekekétuck, let us wade;
wut-tocékemin, to wade, R. W.).

wagon, tatuppequanumuk [suppos. part.
inan. from tatuppequanum, he rolls (it):
when it is rolled], a wagon, ‘chariot’.

wait for, pahheau, he waits for (him);
nuppaih, I wait for (him);
noh pahhit, he who waits for; inan.
pahtau-un, he waits for it: wussepe pah-
tauun, he waits long, ‘has long pa-

suppos.

tience’, James 5, 7; pahto, he waits for
(it), ibid.; v. i. an. act. pahtussu, he
waits, is waiting; suppos. noh pahtsit,
he who waits (pahtsmog, they wait;
paltsi, wunnenchhudnat, ready to do
good; nuppahtis monchenat, I am ready
to go, C.); vbl. n. pahtsuonk, waiting,
forbearance, Rom. 2, 4.

wake, twkeuv, he wakes; nuttokep, I
did wake; tmkish, wake thou (tékish,
R. W.); an. tokinau, he wakes (him);
suffix nuttokinuk, he wakes me; tah-
kinmk, wake ye (him) (tékinish, wake
him, R. W.); with ’sh of sudden or vi-
olent activity, takshau, he wakes sud-
denly.

walk, pomushau, paumushau, (1) he
walks, (2) he goes a journey, he travels,
(3) with inan. subj. pomsheau, pomshau,
it passes, goes by; freq. popomushau,
papaumshau, he walks much, continues
to walk, travels (nuppumwisham, I
walk; nawékontam primmishem, I have
a mind to travel; cuttinneapiimmi-
shem? will you pass by?; aspummévi,

he is not gone by; aspumméwock, they
are not gone by, R. W.); suppos. noh
pomushadt, pamwushadt, he who walks;

walk—continued.
inan. subj. -kesukod paumushomima,
‘day goeth away’, is passing, Jer. 6, 4;
vbl. n. pomushaonk (walking), a jour-
ney; n. agent. pomushaen, a walker, a
traveler; pl. +-uog. The primary sig-
nification, or rather that of the radical,
appears to be to pass, togo by. Cf. pa-
méma, it passed (away), Ps. 18, 12; ash
pamoaadt, ‘while he was yet speaking’
(going on, before he had passed by or
gone), Job 1, 16,17; ash yeu pumappedg,
‘if ye will still abide here’, Jer. 42,
10; ut pametshik squontamut, ‘on the
threshold’ (where it goes by or passes
| the door), Judg. 19, 27; ash pdme (and
ashpummeu) kesukok, while day lasts,
while it is yet day, 2Sam. 3, 35; pummu,
he shoots; pummunau, he flies; pdmom-
pageu, he creeps; pamontam, pomantam,
he lives; nish pumohtaash, neg pumik-
kompaog, they are in a row; pumineeche
mayut, in a cross way, Obad. 14; pum-
meneutunk, a wall; pummukaonk, a
dance, etc. See sea (pummoh).
wall. See fence.
| walnut tree, wussoqguat, R. W. (wusswa-
quatomineug, walnuts; ‘‘of these they
| make an excellent oil for their
anointing of their heads’’, ibid.; wus-
smhquattomis and -dminash, C.; Peq.
walnut tree, Stiles). Cf.
susseqeu, he anoints.
wampum, wompam, ‘which signifies
white’ (R. W.), from wompi, was the
collective name of the white beads or
peag used as currency, as suckauhock
[sucki-hogk, black or dark shell] was of
the dark-colored and more precious
| kind. Both kinds were known to the

wishquuts,

TRUMBULL]

wampum, wompam—continued.
English by the name wampum or wam-
pumpeage. wompam, the white beads
‘which they make of the stem .
or stock of the periwinkle [Pyrula
carica or P. canaliculata Say] which
they call meteathock when all the

shell is broken off’, R. W. 128:
waudmpeg or wauonpésichick-mesim,
give me white (money), ibid. ‘A

kind of beads

wampam-peak . .
white and . of a violet colour”’’,
Morton, N. E. Canaan. Abn. Saii-
baibi, pl. -biak, white beads; segaii-
bi,--biak, black beads; Saibigan, -nak,
‘canon de porcelaine’, Rasles. The
primitive ompeag or ompék, ‘that which
pays tribute’, may be traced in Eliot’s

which they call
of two sorts

translation in such compounds as ne- |

mompaai [némunum-ompai], ‘he hath
taken a bag of money’, Prov. 7, 20;
osmwunnonpacheg, ‘money changers’,
Matt. 21, 12, ete. suckauhock (mow-
hackus, Wood), ‘their black [money],
sdcki signifying black’, R. W.; suckavi-

hock, nausakésachick, ‘the black money’; |

suckauanatsuck, the black shells; suck-
auaskéesaquash — [sucki-wuskesukquash],
‘the black eyes or that part of the shell-
fish called poquaihock (or hens) [qua-
haug, round clam, Venus mercenaria],
broken out near the eyes, of which
they make the black [or rather dark-
colored, purple, ‘black inclining to
blue’] money’, ibid. nquittémpeg,
‘one fathom of their stringed money’ ;
nees-aumpaugatuck, two fathoms, ete.;
enomphimmin, ‘to thread or string’,
‘thread or string these’; natouwémpitea,
“a coiner or minter’ (amaker of wamp-
um); natouwdmpitees, ‘make money or
coin’, R.W. See scatter.

wander, nanwiyeu, he wanders, goes
astray (noh nanwiisshau, he wanders,
C.), i.e. he goes at large (cf. nanwe,
general, any, common), he loses him-
self. wauénu, widnu, woonu, he goes
astray; neg wauonitcheg, they who go
astray (wdwonchick, wandering, C.; wa-
wonntiog, they wander, ibid.). Cf. waee-
nu, round about.

want, quenauat or nanat, ‘to be wanting
or defective’; quenauadte, necessarily

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY

| warm.

341

want—continued.
(suppos., when it is wanting), C.; que-
nauet, ‘impers. verb, it is necessary’,
Exp. Mayhew. An. pasukquenawwussu,
one (man) is lacking; wanne quenauwus-
suh pasuk, not one (man) islacking, Num.
31, 49; quenauwehik, quenaihhukquoh,
quenahuk, quenauwahik, he lacks, is in
need or want of (it): wanne quenauwahi-
ko, he had no lack, 2 Cor. 8, 15; pasuk
kukquenauhik, one thing thou lackest,
Mark 10, 21; Luke 18, 22; kukquenahi-
kumwo, ye lack (it), Phil. 4, 10 (nuk-
quenauwehhik, Lwant, C.; matta nickqué-
hick, I want it not, R. W.); suppos.
quenauhikquit, if he lack (it); quenahuk-
quehettit, when they were in want of,
when they lacked (it), John 2,3; vbl.n.
quenauwehikwonk, quendhikaonk, alack-
ing, wanting, lack of (ef. matta teag
nukquentamomun, we missed nothing,
1Sam.25, 15; mo teag quentamm, nothing
was missed, 1 Sam. 25, 21; quenmwau,
he denies (him); quenmwantam, he
denies (it); quenowduog, they complain,
R.W.; tawhitch quenawdayean? why com-
plain you? ibid.). Freq. quequenauanu-
mau, he is in great want, need, or diffi-
culty: quequenauanuméog, ‘they were .
in a strait’, ‘were distressed’, 1 Sam.
13, 6; vbl. n. guequanaudnuméonk, diffi-
culty, ‘distress’, Neh. 2, 17.

war, ayeuuhtedu, ayeuwuttean, he makes
war, engages in war, fights; pish kuta-
yeuwehteam, thou shalt make war;
ayeuhtedhuash, make thou war, Proy.
20, 18 (jihetteke, fight ye; jihettittea, let
us fight, R. W.); n. agent. ayewteaen-in,
one who makes war, a fighter, a ‘man
of war’, Josh. 17,1; vbl. n. ayeuteaonk,
ayeuwuttionk, warring, fighting, war.
See fight. he wars
against, makes war on (him); mut.
ayeuuhkonittuog (they are mutually op-
posed ), they make war on each other;
suppos. neg ayeuqueagig, they who are
opposed, adversaries. See opposite.
ayeuteaontowaonk [noise of war, ayeuuh-
tede-ontowaonk], an alarm of war, Jer.
4, 19 (wawwhattowawdnawat, ‘tis an
alarm’, R. W.).

See hot.

kutchissittau,

ayeuuhkonau,

wash, he washes (it);

kutchissittaush kusseetash, wash thy feet;

342 BUREAU OF
wash—continued.
vbl. n. kutchissittéonk, washing (of inan.
obj.); an. kutehissumau (-mm@), he
washes (himself or another person);
nuk-kutchissum, I wash myself (nukkiti-
sum, I wash, C.); kutchissumwush (kit-
tisstimuish, C.), wash thyself; vbl. n.
kutchissuméonk, washing (of an. obj. ).
waste. See barren; empty; fade.
watch, askuhhum, he watches or waits
for (it); askuhhumwog, they watch or
wait for (it); v. i. askuhwehteau, as-
kuhwheteau, he watches, waits; askuh-
wheteagk, watch ye; nutaskwéteam, I
watch, Ps. 102, 7; n. agent. askuhwhete-

AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

aen-in, a watchman; vbl. n. askuhwhe- |

taonk, watching, a watch; adj. and
ady. askuhwheteae komuk, watch tower.
Caus. from askun, it is not yet.
raw.

water, nippe, nuppe; pl. nippeash (nip,
R. W.; nupp, nupph, Stiles; mannip-
péno? have you no water? R. W.; Muh.
nbey, Edw.; Chip. nebbi, Edw.; neebi,
Sch.; nipi, Keating; Abn. nebi); imatta
nippeno, wanne nuppeno, there is no wa-
ter; yeu nippe, ‘here is water’, Acts 8,

See

36; nuppe wutch nippekontu, ‘water from
{among the] water’, Gen. 1, 6; dimin.
nippisse, nips (nipéwese, R. W.; nippis,

Mass. Ps.), a small quantity or body of |

water, a pond or small lake: nuppisse
nippe, ‘water of the pool’, Is. 22, 11; pl.
nuppesash, ponds; double dimin. nip-
peemes, nippemes, a little water (as for
drinking). The radical is ’pe or ’pii,
to which is prefixed the n’ demonstra-
tive, 1’pe, or, as Edwards gives it( for
the Mohegan), nbey. This root is iden-
tical with or related to appu, he sits,

stays, remains, and distinguishes water |

at rest, standing water, or placed water,
wpe, Suppos. n’pog (see pog, below),
from sokenon (water when poured ), rain;
kussitchuwan (water when proceeding
onward), a stream; tohkekom (when it
comesforth continuously), aspring; tuk:
(when it beats about or is disturbed), a
wave or rough-watered river, ete.
pos. pog (vpog), water when at rest,
standing water, and in

Sup-

some com-

pounds not distinguishable in significa-

tion from the absolute (indicative ) pe
(the prefixed 1’ is discarded in all com-

[BULLETIN 25

water—continued.
pounds): kehtahhannuppog, the waters
of the sea, Ex. 14, 21; mishippag, much
water, John 3, 23; tohkekomeupog, ‘run-
ning water’, spring water (i. e. water
after it is taken from a spring), Num.
19,17; woskeche sepupog-wut, on the sur-
face of the water of the river, Dan.
12, 6 (=sepue nippe-it, v. 7); nuppis-
sepog, nippissipag, (the water of) a
pond or small lake; pl. -+-wash; son-
kipog, sonkuppog, cold water (saunqui
nip? is the water cool?; saunkopaugot,
cool water, R. W.) [sonkqui, it is cold];
nunnippog, fresh water, James 3, 12;
scipog, salt water, James 3, 12 [sée,
bitter]. See cast into the water; draw
water.

waterfall, Narr. patuck, pawtuck; Abn.
panntek8, chute d’eau, Ras]

waves, tukkag. See river.
pl. teg8ak, Rasles.

we, neenawun, we (exclusive of the per-
sons addressed, we and not you); keena-
wun, we (inclusive of the persons ad-
dressed, we all, we and you) (nenau-
wun, nendwun, neanauun, we, us, C.;
Muh. neaunuh, Edw.; Del. niluna, kilu-
na, Hwk.; Chip. neenahwind, keenah-
wind, Sch. ): nanashaue nenawun kahken,
between us and thee, Luke 16, 26; na-
shaue kenawun, between us, i. e. between
youand ourselves, Judg. 11, 10; kenawun
wame, all of us, 2 Cor. 3, 18; James
Delite

weak, nochumui, naochumwiyen, it is
weak, feeble, tender (primarily weak,
because in its beginning [na@che] or
early growth): nachwmwe wunnepog,
the tender leaf (na@chimwe, maimed;
nochtimwi, tender; nachimae, weak,
C.); an. na@chumwesu, he is weak, he is
tender; suppos. noh nachumwesit, he
who is weak (nwchumuwesté, weakly,
C.); vbl. n. naehumwesuonk, tenderness,
weakness.

weapons, auwohteaongash (ompategash,
Mass. Ps.); my
weapons. Fromauwohteau, he uses (it).

wear clothes, kogkw, ogka, he is clothed,
he wears clothes. See clothe.

wear out, ompattaminat, to wear clothes
out; nummahche ompattam, I did wear;

Abn. teg8,

See wound.

nutauwohteaongash,

maht-ompattaminat, to wear out, C.

TRUMBULL]

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

343

rweary, sauiinum, he is weary, tired. See | well—continued.

tire.

weasel, Peq. uw’ mucksh, Stiles. See fisher;

marten.
weather, wunnohquodt, (when it is) fair
weather (wunnohquat, pleasant weather,
C.) [wunne, good]. wekineaugqtat, fair
weather; wekinnduquocks, when it is fair
weather, R. W.; wekeneankquat, warm
weather, C.

sky] (pduqui, pduquaquit, ‘it holds up’,
the weather clears, R.W.). tohkokquok,
(when it is) cold (tahki, tatakki, cold
weather; taxikocks, cold weather, R.W.).

matohquodt, (when it is) cloudy weather |

(mittaquat or kiippaquat, it is overcast,
R.W.); matohquokish, ‘in a day of rain’,
Ezek. 1, 28 [matokgs,a cloud]. onkquoh-
quodt, ‘lowering’, Matt. 16, 3 (onndh-
quat, raining, C.; dnaquat, rain, R. W.).
wultapohquot, wet (weather), C.; cf.
wuttogki, moisture. michokat, a thaw;
michokateh, when it thaws, R. W. See
cold; hot; wet.

weave, monakeneheau, monakenehteau, he
weaves, lit. he makes cloth [caus. inan.
from monak, cloth] (monagkeneehkonat,
to weave, C.); n. agent. monakenehteaen-
in, & Weaver.

wedding, wussentuméonk, vbl. n.
wussentam, he marries.

from

weed, monaskinnemun, R. W. See hoe.

weep. Seecry; mourn.

weigh, quttompaghawtau, he weighs (it)
(noh quttompaghato nashpe quttddheg,
he weighs by the pound, C.); suppos.
inan. quttompaghoteg, when it weighs, a
balance, ‘weights’, Deut. 25, 13 (vbl. n.
quttompaghatoonk, weighing, C.). From
quttaueu, it sinks down(?). Cf. quttuh-
ham, he measures.

weighty, tohkequn.

welcome, kanepeam,
come, C.

well (adj.), kongketeau, he is well; asg-
kongketeau? is he yet well? (kongkee-
tedug, they are well, R. W.;
nuhketeaonkannu? is it a healthy time?;
nuttantkké wunnikkettam, 1 am pretty
well; toh kuttinukkétéam? how do you
do? C.).

well (ady.), wunne, winne, (it is) well;
wunnesu [wunne-ussu], he acts or does

See heavy.

(thou art) wel-

sun wun-

pohkohquodt, (when it is) |
clear, in a clear day [pohkok, the clear

_ whet.

well; wunneneheau, he does well to
(him), treats (him) well (caus. an.,
makes it well to him). See conduct
one’s self; good.

well (n.), wuttahhamonk, a well; wtha-
monk, his well. See wet.

west. See northwest.

west wind, papénetin, R. W.; cf. papéne,
popon, winter. See northwest.

wet, wuttogki, (it is wet) ‘moisture’,
Luke 8, 6 (wuttapohquot, wet (weather) ;
an. natigkes, I am wet; wuttagkesinneat,
to be wet, C.; Peq. wuttiggio eyéw kéezuk
weenugh, wet today, very, Stiles). og-
qushki, (it is) wet, moist; ogqushkaj, let
it be wet, Dan. 4, 15.

whale, potiop, potab, pbtab ( patab, C.;
potop, R. W.; Peq. podumbaug, pudum-
baug, Stiles; Del. m’bidk, Hkw.) [pa-
tau, he blows. ‘‘There she blows!”’ as
a modern whaler cries].

whalebone, waskeke, R. W.

what (interrog.), chagwas, chaugwas (tea-
gua; toh, teagua kuttindntam? what do
you think?; toh kittinnwwam? what do
you say? C.).

whelp,
whelp, cub, the young of an animal.

when, ahquompak, El. Gr. 21 [suppos.
inan. of ahquompi, there is time; na ut
aquompag, ne aquompak, at that time].
uttuhaunah, uttuhhumooh, C.

whence, toh noh, whence, whither (ton-
noh, where, whither, C.; tinna kowdium?
whence come you?; tunnock kuttome?
whither do you go? R. W.; tonnolh-
whitch, whence, C.).

where, wftiyeu; wuttiyeu ne, wherever
(tuickiu, where; trickiu
where is the sachem? R. W.;
where, whither, C.).

wherefore, yowutche, yeu waj, for this
cause, because of this.

See sharpen.

whether, wttoh asuh matta, whether or
no, C.

whetstone, caudmpsk, R. W.

which, relat. ne, that which; interrog.
uttiyeu, pl. an.
whom, Luke 6, 13 (uttuh, uttiyeu, pl.
uttiyeush, which, C.).

wuskoshim, wuskoshimwus, a

tiyu, sdchim?

tonnoh,

uttiyeuash; ultiyeng,

while, nisohke, ne sohke, tohsahke, whilst,

so long as, all the while that: nisohke

344 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULLETIN 25

while—continued.
pomantog, ‘all the days of his life’, so
long as he may live, 2 K. 25, 30. ash
(‘ady. of continuation’, ‘still’, El. Gr.
21), while, during the continuance of:

|

ash pame, ashpummeu, while yet, beiore |

the completion or termination of (as-
pumméwi, he is not gone by, R. W.).
See walk.

whippoorwill, Peq. muckko-wheesce,
Stiles.

whirl, pepemsqushau, he orit whirlsabout
(of the wind, Eccl. 1, 6); freq. from
pemsquai, it is crooked or tortuous.

whirlwind, pemsquoh, it twists about, it
whirls. See whirl.

white, wompi, (there is) white; pl. wom-
piyeuash, white (things); wompiyeua, it
is white, El. Gr. 16; v. i. an. wompesu,
(he is) white; nowompes, L am white
(wompi, R. W. and C.; Peq. wumbiow,
Stiles; Del. wape, Hkw.; Alg. wabi;
Abn. wapiyo; L. I. wampayo; dimin.

wompishocki, gray (whitish); wompe- |

kisheede, pale, C.); suppos. inan. wom-
pag, when it is white, (that which is)
white; brightness, bright daylight: ne
wompag wodu, the white of an egg.

whither, toh noh; uttoh, to what, where- |

unto, whither, how; toh nogqueu, Ps.
139, 7. See whence.

who, relat. noh, he who; interrog. howan.
[ewo-unni, any he.] See any.

wholly, papanuppe; papaquanne, utterly,
completely; see thoroughly. wame
(omnino); see all. imdmusse (ex toto;
mamitsseyeue, Wholly, C.).

whortleberry, «ttitdash (pl.), R. W.;
satitaash, ibid. (?).

why (interrog.), toh wutche, toh wa).

wicked, matchetou [matche-ohtau], he is
wicked, inherently bad; matchesu [mat-
che-ussu], he is wicked, acts badly. See
bad,

wide, mishonogod, mishonogok, (when it
is) wide, broad, Matt. 7, 13(?).

widow, sekousq, pl. sekousquaog (segovs-
quaw, R. W.; sektiuishg, C.). From
sequnau, he remains behind, is left,
or asuhkau, he goes after, and squa,
woman.

widower, segatio, R. W. [asuhkauau?];

mohkodtaén-in, C.
width, ne koshkag, the width or breadth

of it. See breadth.

wife, mittamuus, mittamwussis, a Woman,
a wife (mulier, uxor); nummiltamwus,
my wile; kummittamwus, thy wife; um-
mittammussoh, his wife, the wife of (mit-
tamus, R. W.; kommittamus or kowéewo,
your wife; nummittamus or nullégana,
my wife, ibid.; kummitttimus, your wife,
C.); suppos. mittamwussit, if she be, or
when she is, the wife of; indet. wmmit-
tamwussin, a wife, any wife, 1 Cor. 7,
10; v. act. ummittamwussu, ummittamwus-
sissu, he takes to wife, takes as a wife
(cf. noh wusso, she is a man’s wife,
Gen. 20, 3; wussentam, he marries, R.
W.; wuskittamwus, a young woman
[wuske, young]). nequt wkauau, he has
one wife, 1 Tim. 3, 2 (see Rasles, s. v.
homme). weéwo, a wife; noweéwo, my
wife, R. W. Narr. nehyewgh, my wife;
wenygh, woman, Stiles. Abn. phdi-
nem*,femme, Rasles.

[*COMPILER'S NOTE.—“ Can this be a corrup
tion of the French?’’}

wild, chachepissu, (he is) fierce, R. W.,
wild, C. See fierce. sassakussue .
puppinashimwog, wild beasts, Mass. Ps.,
Ps. 50, 11; touohkomukque puppinashim,
wild beast, i.e. beast of the wilderness,
El.

wildcat, pussovigh, R. W.; pessow, Judd,
Gen. Reg. x1, 219.

wilderness, towohkomuk (deserted or soli-
tary place). See forest.

| will (auxil.), pish, (pitch, R. W.) ‘aword

signifying futurity’, El. Gr. 20, which
is prefixed to verbs in the indicative to
form the simple future tense. Strictly
regarded, it is a unipersonal or defec-
tive verb, signifying ‘there will be’.
Cf. pd, ‘let me be’; paj, pajeh, until;
peyaush (imperat.), come thou; as, pd
nowaantam, let me be wise, El. Gr. 25;
pish nowaantam, I will be wise; pajeh
nowaantam, until I am (will be) wise.

will (v.), unndntam, andntam, he wills,
purposes, intends, etc. See think.

willingly, winantamwe.

willow tree, anumwussukuppe, anumwmus-
sikkup (anumussukuppe, Mass. Ps. ).

win (y.), tummuhhoudnal, ‘to obtain’, 1
Cor. 9, 25 (2). Cf. attumunum, he re-
ceives (it). See earn.

wind, waban (wdpan, C.; watpi, pl.
wadupanash, R. W.; Peq. wuttun, Stiles;
Old Alg. lJootin, Lahontan; Chip. no-

TRUMBULL]

wind—continued.
tine, McK.). Cf. wadbeu, wadpu, it rises
up; woppinnok, air, C.
[mishe-wdpan], a great wind, R. W.
mishaowepin, a great calm; auwépin, the
wind ceased, Mark 4, 39 [w-waban or
wodban (the neg. form), there was no
wind]. wunndgehan or wunnégin waiipi,
(there is) a fair wind; wunnégitch wut-
tin, When the wind is fair, R. W. mat-
tagehan, a cross wind;. mattdgehatch,
when the wind is cross, ibid. See
driven by the wind; east; north;
northeast wind; northwest; southeast
wind; south wind; west wind.

wind about, woweaushin, it winds about,
a winding about, Ezek. 41, 7. See
around.

window, kenogkoneg, kenogkeneg (kenag-
kinnég, a glass window; kunnatequa-
nick, C.).

wing, wunnuppoh, (his) wing, the wing
or wings of: pasuk wunnuppoh, one wing
of (wunniippoh, pl. +-whunash, C.; wun-
nip, pl. +-pash, R.W.); also wunnup-
pohwhunoh, wunnupwhunoh, the wing or
wings of: pasuk wunnuppohwhunoh, one
wing of;
wings, the wings of (them); nuppoh-
wunau (he has wings), ‘having wings’,
Is. 6,2; yauinnepiihwhunau, having four
wings, Ezek. 1, 6. From neepoh, née-
pau, he rises up; caus. inan., it makes

mishiipan

|

wunnuppuhwhunéuh, their |

rise up; wunnuppuhwhunéduh, for wun- |

neep-uhhauun-duh, they cause them to
rise (‘their wings’).
winter, pdpon (papéne, R. W.; Abn.

pebsn; Old. Alg. pipoon, Lahontan; Ot- |

tawa, pipén; Chip. peebon, pipoon; Muh.
hpoon, Edw.). See seasons.

wipe, chiskham, jiskham, he wipes (it);
inan. pl. wutchiskhamunash, she wiped
them, Luke 7, 28 (nut-jeeskham, I wipe,
C.). From chekham, he sweeps. See
towel.

wise, waantam, he is wise (waudntam, a
wise man or counselor; suppos. pl.
wauontakick, wise men, R. W.); no-
waantam, I am wise; waantash, be thou
wise; waantaj, let him be wise; suppos.
waantog, if he be wise; noh waantog, he
who is wise; vbl. n. wadntam@onk, wis-
dom, being wise. From waheuh, wah-
eau, he knows, and anantam, he has in
mind, is minded(?). tavipowaw, a wise

ENGLISH—NATICK DICTIONARY 345

wise—continued.
speaker; pl.
men, R. W.

wish,
nontwedntam,

taupowauog, their wise

See priest.

he wishes;

I wish, C.
he wishes for, he desires (it).
sire; would that.

witch, késukquom, Deut. 18,10. pauwau,a
wizard or witch, a sorcerer; fem. pau-
wasq, witch, ‘sorceress’, Is. 57, 3; see
priest. imamontam, a diviner, a wizard;
monetuonk, ‘divination’, Deut. 18, 10;
mamontummonk, ‘enchantment’ (mau-
nétu, a conjurer, R. W.).

with, nashpe, with, by, by means of (an
inan. object) (ndshpe, by, C.).
with, in company with (a person or an.
object): ko-weeche womseunsh, I go
down with thee, Gen. 46, 4.

wither, alpawteau, uhpoteau, it withers;
(dries up?); pl. ahpotaash, uppota-
ash, they wither; an. uppmwsuog, they
wither; cf. appmsu, he cooks, he is
baked, roasted (apissumma, warm this
for me, R. W.).

withhold, kogkéunum, he withholds
(it); an. kogkéunumau, he withholds
(it) from (him). See hold.

within, (unnommiyeu, C.);
anome, en anamut, in the inside of, in
the inner part of; wuttinnomhog, the en-
trails or inwards.

without, woskéche. See outside; surface,

without, outside of (in
the open air); suppos. pohguadchit,
(when) outside, without, in open air
(puckqiatchick, R. W.). wanne, with-
out (not having, destitute of). See no.

witness, he bears witness,
he testifies; wawwonaj, let it be a wit-
ness or a testimony; suppos, neg wau-
wacheg, they who bear witness; vbl. n.

nontweantam, NUn-
kodtantam,

See de-

weeche,

anome en

poquadche,

WAU wau,

wauwaonk, witnessing, testimony; n.
agent. wauwaén-in, a witness (wdwaénin,
C.); inan. obj. wauontam, wariwdaontam,
he bears witness to (it), he testifies to
(it).

wolf, mummugquoshum
(muckquashim, R. W.; mukquisshum, C.;
nattohqussiiog, wolves, ibid.; nattoh-
qus, Mass. Ps., John 10, 12; natéqus, a
wolf; moattéqus, a black wolf; naté-
quashunck, a wolf-skin coat, R. W.;
Pegq.. mucks, wolf, Stiles) [mogke-oaas,
great animal]. Cf. Muh. mquoh, bear.

mukgquoshim,

346

woman, squdas, squas, squaus, one of wom-
ankind, a female (femina) [squaodds,
female animal] (eshqua, C.; squaws, pl.
squawsuck, R. W.; patisuck squaw, one
woman, ibid.; dimin. squasese, a little
girl, ibid.; Narr. sqwauhses, a girl, Stiles;
Del. ochqueu, a woman, Hkw.; okhqueh,
khqueu, Zeisb.; ochquetschitsch, a girl,
Hkw.). Seefemale. The radical squa
isnot used by Eliot except in compound
words, but in the verb form (squaiyeuo,
she is female) is found in Gen. 6, 19.
Eliot has in Gen. 2, 23, pish hennow
Tshah, ‘she shall be called woman’,
but this is probably transferred from the
Hebrew. nunksqua, nunksq (nonkishq,
C.),a young woman. See girl. mitta-
micus, mulier, uxor. See wife.

vomb, dontémuk, tountomuk, 6témuk ( with
two nasals, ‘as one would pronounce
o with the mouth close shut’, Exp.
Mayhew) (wuttontémikqut, C.).

wompam. See wampum.

wonder, monchanatam (monchantam, C.),
he wonders at (it), or v. i.
wonders, he is astonished; ybl. n. mon-

he

chanatainmonk, wonder, astonishment,
and sometimes for the caus. monchana-
tamwahhuwaonk, (causing wonder), a
wonder, a marvel, ‘a miracle’; ady.
monchanatamwe, wondertully: kummon-
chanatamwe ussem, ‘thou hast done won-
derful things’, Is. 25, 1.

wood, wuttuhqun, wuttuhg, wuttuk (wut-
uhtug, of the tree), a branch or bough,
wood for fuel (widtuckqun, a piece of
wood; wudtuckquanash, lay wood on
(the fire), R. W.;

mishash (2), wood, C.). See forest.

woodchuck, ockqutchaun, R. W.(?). See
hog.

wooden, mehtugque. See tree.

wool, weshagan (?). See hair. noohke-

shakdnash, soft wool, C.
word, kuttwwonk, pl. -ongush. See speak.
work, he works, he la-
bors (nuttanakous, I labor; elsewhere
nuttannikous, I work, C.); imperat.
anakaisish, labor thou, work; suppos.

anakausu,

noh anakausit, he who works; n. agent.
anakausuen-in, a worker (anakdusu, pl.
anakdusitchick, R. W.); vbl. n. anakau-
suonk, work, labor; y. t. anakausim, he

BUREAU OF AMEPICAN ETHNOLOGY

wuttoohqinash or |

[BULLETIN 25

work—continued.
works or labors upon (it), he does or
accomplishes work upon (it).

world, muttaohke, muttaok [muttae-ohke,
‘exceeding much’ land], the world.

worm, éhkqg, whk, pl. -quaog (oohke, C.);
from ohkeieu, of the earth (?); but ef.
askok. askwkse (dimin. of askwk,
snake), a worm, Is. 41, 14.

worship, nawwaehtam, he bows down
to (it), he worships (it) ; neg. imperat.
nawaehtauuhkon, thou shalt not bow
down to (it), Ex. 20,5; Deut. 5, 9; v.i.
nauwaeu (he bows down), he worships.

wowossum, he worships,
prays to; an. wowussumau manitto, he
worships a god (wowussum God, wor-
ship God, C.); suppos. pl. part. neg
waussumoncheg, neg wowussumoncheg,
they who worship.

would that! (utinam), napehnont, woi,
‘adverbs of wishing’, El. Gr. 21,
‘O that it were!’ ‘The adverb toh or
napehnont properly signifieth utinam, I
wish it were!’ and is annexed to the
the verb in forming the optative mood,
El. Gr. 34.

wound, woskehittwonk, a hurt, a wound
(being hurt), vbl. n. pass. from woskehhu-
au, he hurts; nachumwmetanmwaonk, no-
chumwehtahwhuttuonk, a wound (being
disabled or made weak), ybl. n. pass.
from naochumwehtahwhau, the caus.
inan. of n@chumwi, he is weak.

wrestle, quogquadtinohkonaii, he wrestles
with (him).

wrists, missippuskunnicheg, C.;
sipsk, the ankle.

write, wussukhom, wussukhum, he writes;

WOWUSSUM,

ef. mus-

elsewhere, in caus. form, wussukkuhhum,
he writes (it); nmsukhum, nasukkuh-
hum, I write, I write (it) ; ahque wussuk-
do not write (wussvickquash,
write a letter’; wussuckwhéke, wusstick-
whonck, a letter, ‘from wussuckwhém-
men, to paint, for having no letters,
their painting comes the nearest’, R.
W.; wussohkhaminat wussukqtohhonk,
to write a book; nmsoohqiohham, I
write, C.); v. 1. act. wussukwhésu, he
writes, he is writing (wussuckhdésu, (he
is) painted, R. W.); vbl. n. waussuwk-
whonk, wussohquohwonk, writing, aletter,

whush,

TRUMBULL]

write—continued.
a book, ete.; wussukwhdsuonk, (the act
of) writing.

wrong, punneu, panneau, he is out of the
way, perverse, he goes wrong; suppos.
noh pannéont, he who goes wrong;

panneau, he erreth, Proy. 10, 17; vy. i.

ENGLISH-NATICK DICTIONARY

B47

wrong—continued.
act. panneussu, he does wrong; suppos.
noh panneseit, noh pannesit, he who
does wrong; vbl. n. panneyeuwonk, wrong,
error; panneusseonk, wrongdoing, trans-
g on. See astray; perverse. muatche,
matchit, bad. See bad.

Nr

yawn, toannehtau, he yawns or gapes at;
nuttéannehtounkquog, they gape at me,
Job 16, 10 (infinit. tanédhat, C.; nuttoi-
wanneem, I gape, ibid. ; nuttédnémun, we
gape, ibid.). Cf. tan, m’ ton, mouth.

yea. See yes.

year, kodtumm; suppos. kédtumak, kédtu-
muk; pl. kodtummash (kodtummé, pl.
+-ash, C.); ady. and adj. kodtumwae,
yearly, of the year; kogkodtumwae,
yearly, year after year, every year; yeu
kédtuma@k, this year (kakod, this year;
neyanat, last year, C.); kodtuwmwohkom
[kodtuma, with ’k progressive] he con-
tinues or goes on for . . . years, he is
... years old: naboneese kodtumwoh-
kom, she was twelve years of age, Mark
5, 42 (toh kuttedshe kodtumwohkom? how
many years old are you? C.; nquitte kau-

timmo, one year; neese kautiimmo, two
|

years; tahshe kautimmo? how many

years? R. W.).

ell, wna, he yells; he howls; maush
’ ?

yet—continued.
not yet, R. W.; asghuttwche [asq-ut-
toche], whilst, C.); ef. it is
raw; aske, raw (not complete, unfin-
ished, immature); asq, ashquosh, grass;
wuske, young, new.

yield, vbl. n. nawsweonk, yielding, sub-
mission; naswehtau, he serves, submits,
yields to (nun-nwsweem, I yield; infin.
noswenat; naswetah nen, yield your-
self to me, C.). See obey.

yield (bear fruit). See produce.

yonder, 6, yd, yonder, that way: yeu
nogque in kah yd in, hither and thither,
to this side and that; y6 nutténan, we
will go yonder, Gen. 22,5. Cf. yeu,
this; né, afar off.

askun,

| you, kenauau (kenau, C.).
|

kah onsh, ‘ery and howl’, Ezek. 21, 12;

anwog, they yell, Jer. 51, 38 (of wild
animals). Cf. anum, a dog.

yellow, weesoe (wesaui, R. W.).
swe, gall; wesogkon, bitter.

yes, yea, 6 or 66, nasal; ‘“‘but there be-
ing another Indian word of the same
signification, viz, nux .. . the former
is scarce ever used in writing’’, Exp.
Mayhew. nux, yea, yes, verily, El.
Gr. 21 (Narr. nuk, Stiles; nux, which
“should rather be nukkies, in two syl-
lables”’, Exp. Mayhew): nuxyeumutch,
let it be yea, James 5, 12.

yesterday, wunnonkou, wunnonko (it was
evening). See evening; day.

yet, onch, yet, notwithstanding; ohnchi-
koh, but yet. qut, but, yet, but yet (qut-
onch, but, because, yet so, but also, ete.,
C.). asquam, asq, ashq, not yet (asquam,

Cf. wee-

|

young, wuske, weske, (it is) new, young:
wuske penomp, a young virgin; n.agent.
wusken-in (wiiskenin, C.; wuskéne, R.W.),
a young man; wuskenu, wuskenaw, he is
young; an. adj. (v. i. act.) wuskenesu,
he isa young man, he is young; ybl.
n. wuskenumonk, youth, the season of
youth. See new; small. wuskittamwus
[wuske-m’ tamwus],a young woman. See
woman. wuskoshim, wuskishim, a young
animal (other than man):
wus, @ whelp; pl. +sog, Proy. 17,
Nah. 2,12. See new.
de nouveau; skié, creed.

younger brother or sister, weesumus-
soh, his younger brother orsister (Muh.
ngheesum, (my) younger brother or sis-
ter, Edw.).

younger son or daughter, mutidisons,
the youngest (son or daughter). See
brother.

yours, ne kuttaiheu, that which is yours,
which belongs to you; pl. nish kuttai-
héoash (kenayeu, yeu kenau, thy, thine,
your, yours, C.). See belong to.

wushkoshim-
».

“)

Cf. Abn. 8ski,

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS

agque. See ogque.
andntam. See winantamindat.

. asqueteahwhau, asquttahwhau. See sequttahwhau.

aunchemokaii. See wnnaunchemmkaudnat.
aune. See wre.
auonat. See dniit.

. dtannegen. See adtunnegen; tannegen.

*eshtoh. See *stol.

. howan. See wnnev.

. ketassomt. See tahsmtaim.

. kuttauweu. See quttauév.

. *nanummatin. See *swnnddin.

. Oncquomonat. See wikquaménat.

. Okos. See wihkis

. board. This word is preceded by an asterisk in the manuscript

349

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