Oat. err pea rt8 Peart, eeOhnenena Lene Ci lreerericstr rer nit yeses eee: eaten ents Siittrers tases te. poessestasinatsiteesstsates x eter sere, ieee sectabinees § poteiee ne I x erie $ ¢ th pith: * Soe 33 $33 Hcgigh bpeentatansent 3H ieeiaierttts Peittsetitt testreseatetthi tists: . * tt shat rt i. Hi the + " qiyhes 4 . He iy bene seasashia® petehies? ise sf +5 Say rs Hi +333 ; sins ; Saeieters i i Pitititste tras sett estesttat Settee tts ; i i at He te sh : iis Si Siehabatisee thee tetattee i Hts ; ; 3h i + z Nbetai i tptheds i 7 is) t > . > aries nites Hythe iH Hitt i iets : sf: i Sette Hi HHUA a ett ty ast i H ; sttith ; j BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY VOL, XNVAil 1965—1966 BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) LONDON : 1966 DATES OF PUBLICATION OF THE PARTS No. I 26 July 1965 No. 2 23 September 1965 No. 3 23 September 1965 No. 4 21 September 1965 No. 5 29 October 1965 No. 6 30 November 1965 No. 7 3 January 1966 No. 8 3 January 1966 No. 9 4 January 1966 No. 10 15 March 1966 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY ADLARD AND SON LIMITED BARTHOLOMEW PRESS, DORKING No. Io. CONTENTS ENTOMOLOGY VOLUME XVII Delphacidae from Australia and New Zealand (Homoptera: Fulgo- roidea). By R. G. FENNAH Diptera from Nepal. Empididae. By KENNETH G. V. SMITH An introduction to the Aleyrodidae of Western Africa (Homoptera). By L. A. MounpD Cicadelline types in the British Museum (Natural History) (Homop- tera: Cicadellidae). By D. A. YouNG Diptera from Nepal. Asiatic species of the genus Stenomicra (Anthomyzidae). By C. W. SABROSKY Psychodidae. By F. VAILLANT Celyphidae. By P. VANSCHUYTBROECK Fulgoroidea from Southern Chile (Hemiptera). By R. G. FENNAH The Embioptera of Europe and the Mediterranean Region. By E. S. Ross Contributions towards a revision of Myrsidea Waterston. 1 (Meno- ponidae: Mallophaga). By T. CLay A revision of the British Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Homoptera). By L. A. MounpD Diptera from Nepal. Conopidae from Nepal and the Oriental region. By S. CAMRAS Heleomyzidae. By J. C. DEEMING Pipunculidae (Dorilaidae). By D. ELMo Harpy A new species of Platypeza and Callomyza (Platypezidae). By E. L. KESSEL Sarcophagidae. By B. B. ROHDENDORF Index to Volume XVII PAGE I61 203 219 227 231 273 327 397 431 435 439 453 457 465 hee Ma esty Lott amet sod j ‘ X ‘ ‘ i Vi : wy peel 7 oy a a f - “ a a , ; A ' 1 = “a4 igiy ey = - € 7 7 - 2) > don ea" a it ' ‘asic r © a od re DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND (HOMOPTERA : FULGOROIDEA) R. G. FENNAH BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 1 LONDON: 1965 DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND (HOMOPTERA : FULGOROIDEA) BY RG: FENNAH, Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London Pp. I-59; 199 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 1 LONDON: 1965 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, ts issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical series. Parts will appear at irregular intervals as they become veady. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. In 1965 a separate supplementary series of larger papers was instituted, numbered serially for each Department. This paper is Vol. 17, No. 1 of the Entomological series. The abbreviated titles of the periodicals cited follow those of the World List of Scientific Periodicals, © Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History) 1965 LRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) Issued 26 July, 1965 Price £1 2s. 6d. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND HOMOPTERA : FULGOROIDEA By R..G. FENNAH SYNOPSES Descriptions are given of ten new species of Delphacidae from New Zealand, of six from Australia and of five from New Guinea. The generic assignments of all known species from New Zealand, and of ten species from Australia, are revised, and fourteen new genera are erected. INTRODUCTION THIS report is based on a comprehensive collection of Delphacidae from New Zealand and a less representative collection from Australia and New Guinea received for study from Dr. T. E. Woodward, of the University of Queensland. Additional material from Australia was obtained from the collections in the British Museum (Nat. Hist) made by C. Darwin, R. E. Turner, R. W. Mungomery, J. G. Myers and others. The writer’s warmest thanks are tendered to Dr. Woodward, and to Mr. J. P. Doncaster, Keeper ofthe Department of Entomology inthe British Museum (Nat. Hist.) for the privilege of examining these interesting collections. Thanks are also due to Dr. J. W. Beardsley of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association for the loan of specimens from the type series of Delphax dilpa Kirkaldy and Haplodelphax iuncicola Kirkaldy. In the General Catalogue of the Hemiptera, fasc. IV, part 3, four species of Del- phacidae are listed from New Zealand, and a further two from the Kermadec Islands. The present collections have revealed the presence of a further twelve species in New Zealand and the outlying Three Kings group. Ten of them are new to science and are apparently endemic. The Australian collections, which came almost entirely from the eastern side of the continent, were found to contain few series ; a substantial number of the known species were not represented, and six new species were found. Such a lack of repeti- tiveness in the material indicates that the Delphacid fauna is still very incompletely surveyed, both as regards composition and distribution. It is evident, from a consideration of the genera present, that a strong Papuan element is present in eastern Australia, and that there is a small group, represented by such genera as Haplodelphax and Pseudembolophora, that is comparatively isolated, and may well represent an old native element. A key is given for the separation of genera discussed below. Measurements of the head and thorax are taken as shown in Fennah, 1963: 75 (fig. 20) ; where the I 4 R. G. FENNAH anterior margin of the frons is appreciably convex, the length is measured along the middle line ; where it is transverse, it is measured close to, but to the side of, the narrow median projection caused by the thickness of the carinae, at their point of transition into the frons. The position of the post-trochanters is taken as the most anterior position that they can attain. The length of the basal post-tarsal segment is measured dorsally from its base to the point of insertion of the second segment. The bibliographic references are cited in accordance with the usage in “A Bibliography of the Homoptera (Auchenorhyncha) ”’ (Metcalf, Z. P., 1942, N.C. State College of Agriculture and Engineering, University of North Carolina, Raleigh, N..C,): Kry TO GENERA OF DELPHACIDAE OF AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND I Post-tibial spur awl-shaped , ; ; UGYOPS Gueérin-Méneville (p. 6) 2 - Post-tibial spur wedge-shaped, or thin and tectiform . 3 2 (1) Antennae cylindrical . ; : : subgenus UGYOPS (p. 6) Antennae with at least basal segment slightly compressed. subgenus PARACONA nov. (p. I1) 3 (1) Post-tibial spur wedge-shaped, with only a single tooth at apex , ~ Post-tibial spur tectiform, with teeth on margin 4 (3) Vertex extremely elongate, about as long as remainder of body PSEUDEMBOLOPHORA Muir (P. 12) Vertex at most less than three times as long as broad . ; : 5 5 (4) Vertex longer than broad, basal segment of antennae cylindrical . TROPIDOCEPHALA Stal (p. 12) - Vertex broader than long, basal segment of antennae compressed HAERINELLA gen. n. (p. 13) Of 6 (3) Frons with median carina forked near middle . ‘ 4 = Frons with median carina simple, or forked at base, or with two carinae separate to apex : ‘ ‘ . é 14 7 (6) Antennae with basal segment triangular and compressed : i P ; 8 ~ Antennae with basal segment cylindrical : : : ‘ j i i 10 8 (7) Vertex much broader than long . : ‘ : : P ; . , 9 _ Vertex about as broad as long . : ; PHACALASTOR Kirkaldy (p. 17) g (8) Post-clypeus short, about as long as basal antennal segment ; post-tibial spur not long, with about 18 teeth ; pygofer devoid of processes ventrally on hind margin 5 : TEMENITES gen. n. (p. 15) - Post-clypeus not short, longer than basal segment of antenna; post-tibial spur rather long, with more than 30 teeth; pygofer with a pair of processes ventrally on hind margin : ; PERKINSIELLA Kirkaldy (p. 16) 10 (7) Profemora and protibiae foliately expanded, antennae relatively long PELIADES Bierman (p. 17) — Profemora and protibiae not foliately expanded . ; ; : ; ; II 11 (10) Lateral carinae of pronotum straight, attaining hind margin . , : ; 12 — Lateral carinae of pronotum curved laterad, not attaining hind margin . 13 12 (11) Form slender; frons more than 2:5 times as long as broad ; pygofer with 3 a medioventral process. i ‘ THRAS YMEMNON gen. n. (p. 43) — Form robust ; frons not more than twice as long as broad ; pygofer without a medioventral process. : é PEREGRIN US Kirkaldy (p. 18) 13 (11) Vertex broader at base than long i in middle line ; basal antennal segment fully twice as long as broad . ‘ . : E ‘ CEMUS Fennah (p. 19) DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 5 Vertex longer in middle line than broad at base ; basal antennal segment not twice aslongas broad . ‘ ; ; ; THYMALOPS gen. n. (p. 20) Frons with two submedian carinae 3 : : ; : : ; 15 Frons with a single median carina : : 16 Vertex obtusely rounding into frons, which is about ewite as long as broad ; ocelli distinct : ; : APLANODES gen. n. (p. 21) Vertex acutely rounding into frons, wiles is not nearly twice as long as broad ; ocelli absent . : : NOTOAYUS gen. n. (p. 22) Basal segment of post- tarsi with one or more e spines laterally NILAPARVATA Distant (p. 24) Basal segment of post-tarsi without teeth laterally q : : : ; 17 Post-tibial spur with less than 13 teeth : P ; ; : : : 18 Post-tibial spur with 13 teeth or more ‘ 23 Head with eyes wider than pronotum : SMICRO TA TODELPHAX Kirkaldy Head with eyes not wider than pronotum . : : 19 Vertex distinctly broader than long, insensibly passing into frons NOTOGRYPS gen. n. (p. 26) Vertex at least as long as broad, more or less distinctly separable from frons , 20 Basal segment of antennae fully twice as long as broad PROTEROSYDNE Kirkaldy Basal segment of antennae not nearly twice as long as broad . : ‘ 21 Vertex in profile meeting frons obtusely; frons broadly rounded at basal margin. F ‘ - EORISSA gen. n. (p. 28) Vertex in profile meeting frons subrectangularly or ee frons with basal margin only weakly convex . 22 Vertex in profile meeting frons acutely : : ‘sublateral carinae of vertex each straight from base to apex ‘ : . HAPLODELPHAX Kirkaldy (p. 31) Vertex in profile rounding subrectangularly into frons; sublateral carinae of vertex each strongly concave or angulately bent between base and apex ANCHODELPHAX gen. n. (p. 34) Head with eyes broader than pronotum SMICROTATODELPHAX Kirkaldy Head with eyes not broader than pronotum A : : : ‘ : 24 Vertex longer than broad at base : : é : : : , 25 Vertex not longer than broad at base . : ; : : ‘ : 36 Second antennal segment three times as long as first . STENOCRANUS Fieber Second antennal segment distinctly less than three times as longas first. : 26 Basal segment of antennae fully three times as long as broad, second segment subequal i . ‘ F TAROPHAGUS Zimmerman (p. 37) Basal segment of antennae relatively shorter, second ee distinctly longer than first , ; ‘ 4 . : oF Rostrum long, attaining post-trochanters or very nearly s so : : ‘ ‘ 28 Rostrum not attaining post-trochanters , : : : 29 Mesonotum polished, with intercarinal areas shallowly c concave ACRODELPHAX gen. n. (p. 38) Mesonotum finely granulate, shallowly convex with carinae fine, not prominent IZELLA gen. n. (p. 41) Frons about three times as long as broad. ‘ : SARDIA Melichar p. 44) Frons relatively shorter. : : 30 Lateral carinae of pronotum straight ¢ or convex, reaching hind margin or very nearly so : 31 Lateral carinae of pronotum straight or panied laterad, evidently not reaching hind margin . ; , ; ‘ : : ‘ : ‘ : ; 33 6 R. G. FENNAH 31 (30) Submedian carinae of vertex meeting before apex of vertex . : ; : 32 _ Submedian carinae of vertex meeting at apex, or on frons SOGATODES Fennah (p. 45) 32 (31) Basal segment of antenna little longer than broad; second segment less than three times aslongasbroad_ . : : CORONACELLA Metcalf (p. 47) — Basal segment of antenna fully twice as long as broad ; second segment at least three times as long as broad . . ; : SOGATA Distant 33 (30) Rostrum reaching to mesotrochanters, short in relation to length of frons and clypeus ; slender, delicately formed species usually with a pale median stripe on head and thorax : : : SOGATELLA Fennah (p. 47) — Rostrum surpassing mesotrochanters, not short in relation to length of frons and clypeus, robust species without a pale median stripe dorsally (except Tarophagus) 34 34 (33) Vertex not narrower than an eye, basal segment of post-tarsus short, less than three quarters as long as frons ; 35 —_ Vertex narrower than an eye, basal segment of post- tarsus long, three quarters aslongasfrons . ; ; . SYNDELPHAX Fennah (p. 48) 35 (34) Frons twice as long as postclypeus : F ‘ . CORBULO gen. n. (p. 48) — Frons 2-5 times as long as postclypeus : : SULIX gen. n. (p. 49) 36 (24) Basal segment of antennae fully three times as long as broad TAROPHAGUS Zimmerman (p. 37) — Basal segment of antennae relatively shorter : ; : 37 37 (36) Antennae slender, second segment reaching well beyond base of clypeus EUMETOPINA Breddin (p. 54) — Antennae not slender, scarcely or not surpassing frontoclypeal suture. : 38 38 (37) Sublateral carinae of vertex meeting before apex of vertex, lateral pronotal carinae very strongly divergent and extending almost straight towards tegulae. Post-tibial spur with about forty teeth ‘ ANECTOPIA Kirkaldy — Sublateral carinae of vertex meeting at apex of vertex or on base of frons, lateral pronotal carinae not very strongly divergent, or, if so, then not straight. Post-tibial spur with fewer than forty teeth , . 39 39 (38) Lateral carinae of pronotal disc straight, directed latero-caudad mesad of tegulae. A white median dorsal stripe on head and thorax. Abdomen of female in ventral view rather narrowly triangular in outline TERTHRON gen. n. (p. 55) — Lateral carinae of pronotal disc curved laterad, or if straight, extending directly towards tegulae. No white median stripe present dorsally. Abdomen of female in ventral view not narrowly triangular in outline, but more bluntly rounded distally . : , ; ; ‘ é . TOYA Distant (p. 56) UGYOPS Guérin-Méneville Guérin-Méneville, 1834a, 477. Haplotype, Ugyops percheronii Guérin-Méneville, op. ol The Australian representatives of the genus comprise three continental species, U. longiceps Muir, U. brevifrons (Jac.), and U. longifrons Jac., and an insular species, U. musgravei Muir (from Lord Howe Id.). In New Zealand only one nominal species has been recognized. (Micromasoria caelata (White)) and a further species, Micromasoria raoult Muir, is known from Raoul Id. The material in the present collection from New Zealand proper includes three species. Members of two of them have terete antennae, like all the Australian DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 7 species, whereas those of the third species have compressed antennae, as in vaouli. The type specimen of [Cona] caelata White is not to be found in the White collection at the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), and as it was based on a series in White’s personal possession (White, 1878 : 275), would appear now to be lost. Both the original generic description and that of the species leave no doubt that the type series included the three forms here recognized as distinct species. Hutton (1898a : 187) interpreted the species as including the forms with hyaline tegmina, more or less clouded with brown. Tillyard (1926d : 167) figured one coelopterous form as a representative of caelata White. The writer, in the absence of any information about the existence of a type specimen, and in conformity with Tillyard, here proposes to restrict the specific concept to include only a form with terete antennae, a pronotum with discal carinae gently sinuately bent a little before meeting the posterior margin, laterally trispinose post-tibiae, and tegmina as long as the abdomen. The forms with slightly compressed antennae and brachypterous tegmina are set apart from the general assemblage of Ugyops only by weak characters. The differences are here regarded as being of subgeneric value, and a name for the concept is proposed below. Ugyops caelatus (White) (Text-figs. 1-7) [Cona] caelata B. White, 1879b : 218. Micromasoria caelata Kirkaldy, 1909h : 29. Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (nearly 1-3 : 1), broadly and evenly rounding into frons, rather wider at apex than at base, lateral margins shallowly concave, apical margin shallowly convex, with submedian carinae only slightly prominent, Y-shaped carina with median stem obsolete, submedian carinae not uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-5: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 2-3: 1), widest at about two-sevenths from base, lateral margins shallowly convex, submedian carinae separate to apex; antennae reaching to level of apex of clypeus, basal segment cylindrical, longer than broad (4:0: 1), second segment cylindrical, longer than first (about 1-1: 1). Ocelli minute or obsolete. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (3:0 : 1), lateral carinae concave, broadly recurved posterolaterally and attaining hind margin. Pale tawny yellow ; submedian carinae and lateral marginal carinae of frons and vertex, anteclypeus, a small mark just below eyes, a spot at apex of first antennal segment, two bands on second segment, a suffusion on each side of pronotum behind eyes, mesonotum laterad of lateral carinae, longitudinal stripes on all femora, and two bands on each protibia and meso- tibia, all tarsi, posterior margins of abdominal sterna, and markings sublaterally on terga, posterior half of pygofer, except at margin, and anal segment of male, fuscous ; frons medially, a spot on genae before antennae, pronotum in middle line and on each side behind antennae, and mesonotum in middle line, red. Tegmina brownish hyaline, pale distad of transverse line : veins ochraceous extensively interrupted with castaneous, sometimes castaneous at node and basally in costal cell. Anal segment of $ with lower margins as seen in ventral view meeting at 90 degrees apically. Pygofer with medioventral process distally broadly rounded and with a small median notch. Genital styles moderately long, strongly tapering distad, weakly diverging and rather abruptly incurved near apex. 3 (coelopterous): length, 4-°8mm.,tegmen, 4.1mm, @: length, 6-1 mm., tegmen, 4:5 mm, 8 R. G. FENNAH New ZEALAND: Poor Knights Group, Tawhiti Rahi Id., 1 g, 21.i.43 (Majors Buddle and Wilson) ; Kauri G., I g, 25-i-21; Three Kings Group, Great Id., 1 J, 4 9, 2-10.v.46, beating kanuka, 27.iv.46, in tea tree (E. G. Turbott) ; S. W. Id., I nymph, 13.i.51, on bushes (7. E. Woodward) ; North Auckland, Mangonui, 1 J, 8.iii.51 (JT. E. Woodward); Te Paki, 2 nymphs, 21.i.50, on Leptospermum ; Auckland, Tikirangi, r g, I nymph, 7.xii.48, 28.xii.44; Foxton, 16 g, 14 Q, I mutilated specimen, 8.1.50, on Muehlenbeckia australis (T. E. Woodward), 7.1.50, (R. A. Cumber) ; Coromandel, Te Hope stream valley, 6 3, 1 mutilated specimen and g nymphs, on flowering prostrate rata, 12.1.52 (T. E. Woodward); behind W. Spirits Bay, 25.i1.50, 3 g, 2nymphs, on small-leaved Muehlenbeckia(T.E. Woodward) ; N. Auckland Pen., 5 2, 2 mutilated specimens and 8 nymphs, 1924 (T. R. Harris) ; York Bay, 3 nymphs, 3.ix.22, on Coprosma rhamnotdes (J. G. Myers) ; Catchpole, 2 nymphs, on Knightia excelsa; Wilton’s Bay, 3 nymphs, 16.iv.21; Auckland, Watershed reserve, I 9, 26.11.48 (G. Chamberlain), Waipapakauri, I 9, 30.1.53 (R. A. Cumber) ; Houhola, 1 3, 16.11.51 (R. A. Cumber). This species is distinguished from other New Zealand species by the combined characters of trispinose post-tibiae, cylindrical antennae, and gently recurved lateral pronotal carinae. It is also readily recognizable by the narrowly infuscate lateral carinae of the frons. Fics. 1-7. Ugyops caelatus (White). 1, Frons and clypeus; 2, head and thorax, dorsal view; 3, head in profile; 4, basal segment of antenna; 5, second segment of antennae; 6, tegmen; 7, ¢ genitalia, right side, DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 9 Ugyops rhadamanthus sp. n. (Text-figs. 8-14) Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (1-2 : 1), rather strongly rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins shallowly concave, apical margin rather strongly convex, with submedian carinae not prominent, Y-shaped carina with median stem weak, submedian carinae almost uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 2-3 : 1), widest at one quarter from base, lateral margins shallowly convex. Median carinae uniting just before apex ; antennae reaching almost to level of apex of clypeus, basal segment cylindrical, longer than broad (nearly 4:0: 1), second segment longer than first (1-2: 1). Ocelli obsolete. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-6: 1), lateral carinae concave, abruptly and rectangulately recurved postero-laterally and attaining hind margin. Post-tibiae laterally with three teeth. Stramineous ; second antennal segment in apical third, a very dilute suffusion on all coxae, and in two bands on protibiae, abdominal sternites at posterolateral margins, fuscous ; post- clypeal disc and frons submarginally, a suffusion on genae before eyes, vertex in middle line apically and at lateral angles basally, pronotum in middle line, and on two areas of lateral lobes, mesonotum in middle line and over lateral carinae, and abdominal terga at posterior margin, red. Tegmina stramineous hyaline, veins concolorous except on posterior claval vein near union of claval veins and at entry into hind margin, where it is overlain fuscous. Anal segment of ¢ with lower margins as seen in ventral view meeting apically in a very acute I4 Fics. 8-14. Ugyops rhadamanthus sp. n. 8, Frons and clypeus; 9, head and thorax, dorsal view; 10, head in profile; 11, basal segment of antenna; 12, second segment of antenna; 13, tegmen; 14, ¢ genitalia, postero-ventral view, 10 R. G. FENNAH angle. Pygofer with medioventral process distally narrowly rounded and without a distinct notch. Genital styles moderately long, weakly tapering distad, weakly converging distally. 3 (coelopterous): length, 5-3mm., tegmen, 4.0mm. @: length, 6-5 mm., tegmen, 5:0 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Auckland, Nihotupu, 2.1.50 (A. Harrison), in collection of Plant Diseases Division, D.S.I.R., P.B., Auckland. Paratypes, Huia, 1 mutilated specimen, 13.iv.50 (7. E. Woodward); Mocrewa,tr 4, 7.1.53 (R. A. Cumber) ; Paihia, 2 9, 12.i1.49, 28.ii.50 (R. A. Cumber) ; Kaeo, 1 6, 4 Q, 2, 31.1.53 (R. A. Cumber) ; Oturere Sta., Desert Rd., r 9, 3.1.57 (R.A. Cumber), Levin, I 9, 26.xi.41 ; Spirits Bay, 1 g, 1 nymph, 13.ii.51 (R. A. Cumber) ; Little Barrier Id., summit track, I J, 22.xi.54, Waipawa stream, r g, 28.xi.54 (K. A. J. Wise) ; Titirangi, r 3, 1 9, 1 mutilated specimen, 1I5.ii., 22.iii., 4.iv.42, on kohe kohe tree (M. Carter). This species is distinguished by the shape of the vertex, by the antennal proportions and by the abruptly angulate bend in the lateral pronotal carinae and, in the 3, by the shape of the anal segment. Among the New Zealand species its coloration is dis- tinctive: there are practically no obvious fuscous markings, and the frons is red- margined. Ugyops musgravei Muir (Text-figs. 15-20) Muir, 1931b: 70. This species is not represented in the present collection. It is apparently endemic in Lord Howe Island, and the opportunity is here taken of figuring a paratype specimen in the collection of the British Museum (N.H.). Fics. 15-20. Ugyops musgravei Muir. 15, Frons and clypeus; 16, head and thorax, dorsal view; 17, head in profile; 18, basalsegment of antenna; 19, second segment of antenna; 20, tegmen. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND II PARACONA subéen. n. Frons scarcely twice as long as broad, submedially bicarinate ; antennae reaching to level of apex of clypeus, with apical segment, and sometimes basal also, slightly laterally compressed. Post-tibiae with four spines laterally. Tegmina brachypterous, apical margin truncate. Type-species of subgenus, Ugyops (Paracona) pelorus sp. n. This subgenus is recognizable by the compressed antennae and quadrispinose post-tibiae. Ugyops (Paracona) pelorus sp. n. (Text-figs. 21-26) Vertex longer medially than broad at base (about 1-4: 1), subangularly rounding into frons, wider at apex than at base, lateral margins shallowly concave, apical margin sinuately convex with submedian carinae prominent, Y-shaped carina present, with median stem weak, submedian carinae not quite uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-6: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-9 : 1), widest at three-fifths from base, lateral margins shallowly convex, submedian carinae separate to apex. Antennae reaching to level of apex of clypeus, basal segment laterally compressed, longer than broad (2:2: 1), second segment laterally compressed, longer than first (1-5: 1). Ocelli obsolete. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (3: 1), — : Si UH 26 Ce ee me a —. Fics. 21-26. Ugyops (Paracona) pelorus sp. n. 21, Frons and clypeus; 22, head and thorax, dorsal view; 23, head in profile; 24, antenna; 25, tegmen; 26, ¢ genitalia, right side. 12 R. G. FENNAH lateral carinae concave, obsolete laterobasally, not attaining hind margin, weak paired lateral carinae between eye and tegula on each side. Light yellowish brown, with pustules and carinae pale stramineous ; antennae dilute fuscous ; a few small spots bordering submedian carinae in basal half of frons, a band across base of clypeus and extending across procoxae and mesopleura, stripes on all femora, two bands on each protibia and mesotibia, and a suffusion on post-tibiae, castaneous. Intercarinal areas of frons and genae marbled with orange-red; disc and sides of postclypeus, except at base, tawny. Tegmina stramineous, veins irregularly marked pale yellowish brown, three apical cells near anal angle, dark castaneous. Anal segment of g, as seen in ventral view, with ventral margins meeting distally at about 90 degrees, in lateral view as figured. Pygofer with apical margin of medioventral process broadly convex, with a small median notch. Aedeagus as figured. Genital styles moderately long, tapering distad and weakly curved mesad. 6 (brachypterous): length, 4-0 mm., tegmen, 1-9 mm. 2 (brachypterous): length, 6-0 mm., tegmen, 2:8 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Ohope beach, 22.1.47, Hem. 149 (C. R. Pattison), in Auckland Museum. Paratypes, NEw ZEALAND: Auckland, I g, 13.ii1.49 ; Coopers Beach, 1 nymph, 8.1.51 ; Mt. Mangonui, r 3, 4 nymphs, 23.x.60, under Muehlenbeckia (B. M. May) ; Coromandel, Te Hope stream valley, 5 3, 1 9, on flowering prostrate rata, Muehlen- beckia australis ; Spirits Bay, 2 9, 13.11.51 (R. A. Cumber) ; W. Bank Pen., Price’s Valley, r 2, 18.ii.59 (I. E. Woodward) ; Eastbourne, 1 g, 31.i1.51 (R. A. Cumber) ; Whangarei Heads, Ocean Beach, 2 9, 7.xii.58, under Muehlenbeckia (B. M. May), I g, 1 9, Three Kings, S.W. Id., 13.i.51 (T. E. Woodward). This species is closely allied to U. vaouli (Muir), but is readily separable by its more strongly compressed second antennal segment and smaller size; other, less obvious, differences are to be noted in coloration, tegminal venation, and in the form of each element of the ¢ genitalia. Ugyops (Paracona) raouli (Muir) (Text-figs. 27-32) Micromasoria vaoult Muir, 1923 : 257. KERMADEC Is.: Raoul Id., 2 g, from nikau fronds (J. H. S.) PSEUDEMBOLOPHORA Muir Muir, 1920b: 182. : Orthotype, Pseudembolophora macleayi Muir. Pseudembolophora macleayi Muir Muir, 1920b : 183. AUSTRALIA: Maida Vale, near Perth, r 9, 29. viii.59 (T. E. Woodward). TROPIDOCEPHALA Stal Stal, 1853b : 266. Haplotype, Tropidocephala flaviceps Stal, 1855a : 93. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 13 Fics. 27-32. Ugyops (Paracona) vaoult (Muir). 27, Frons and clypeus; 28, head and thorax, dorsal view; 29, head in profile; 30, basal segment of antenna; 31, second segment of antenna; 32, tegmen. Tropidocephala eximia (Kirkaldy) Ectopiopterygodelphax eximius Kirkaldy, 1906c : 412. AUSTRALIA: Brisbane, I g, I 2, 30.vi.57 (Haseler). Tropidocephala dryas Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1907d : 143. AUSTRALIA: Mt. Nebo, I dg, 2.vi.54 (N. Jenkins). HAERINELLA Gen. n. Head narrower than pronotum. Vertex shorter medially than broad at base, obtusely rounding into frons, narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight or very weakly concave, apical margin truncate, with submedian carinae not prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (more than 2:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 2:1), widest near middle, lateral margins distinctly convex, median carina simple, clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc slightly longer than broad at base, in profile moderately convex, anteclypeus in profile shallowly convex ; entire clypeus in profile doubly convex; rostrum slightly surpassing mesotrochanters, apical segment a little shorter than subapical ; antennae little, if at all, surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment as long as broad, strongly expanded distally, not carinate on the flattened surface, and scarcely so at edges, second segment longer than first (about 1-7: 1) distinctly compressed ; ocelli well developed. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral 14 R. G. FENNAH carinae straight or weakly convex, not quite attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum longer than that of scutellum (about 2:3: 1). Post-tibial spur cultrate, concave on inner surface with an apical tooth and no lateral teeth. Tegmina narrowly rounded at apex, apical veins of Sc, R and M, recurved to margin, radial cross vein present, first median sector abruptly bent at nodal line to touch Cua. Type-species, Haerinella saeva sp. n. There are only two tropidocephaline genera with a compressed basal antennal segment, and these are Bambucibatus and Belocera. From Bambucibatus, which is known only from the type-species, B. albolineatus Muir (1915e : 319), the present genus differs in the lateral carinae of the vertex not being “‘ large” (in consequence of the depression of the vertex) and the mediolongitudinal carina (the common stem of the Y-shaped carina) being quite distinct ; in the length of the frons not being more than twice the width, and the width at the base being greater, not less, than that at the apex ; in the basal segment of the antennae not having “a keel down middle ”’ and in being much less expanded and the second segment being compressed, not terete, and with a carina on the ventral margin in its basal two-thirds ; and in the spur, though moderately thick, being concave on the inner surface. From Belocera it is distinguishable by the narrower form of the frons and of the basal antennal segment. Haerinella saeva sp. n. (Text-figs. 33-38) Vertex shorter medially than broad at base (1 : 1-9), slightly declivous, obtusely rounding into frons, narrower at apex than at base, apical margin truncate, Y-shaped carina distinct, sub- median carinae uniting at apex of vertex, meeting almost at a right angle, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2-6: 1), and than median length (3:8: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-8: 1); widest at about two-fifths from base, lateral margins distinctly convex, median carina simple; clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, post-clypeal disc rather longer than broad at base (1-2: 1) in profile rather strongly convex, anteclypeus in profile moderately convex; entire clypeus in profile doubly convex; antennae with basal segment as long as broad, laterally compressed, ecarinate, second segment longer than first (about 1-7: 1); pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1: 1‘1) lateral carinae weakly convex, almost attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum longer than that of scutellum (2-3: 1); post-tibial spur with small apical tooth. Castaneous-piceous ; two small spots on frons near base, vertex, disc of pronotum and meso- notum except for a suffusion near tegulae, rostrum, legs except coxae, abdominal sternites, except in their anterior portion, posterior margin of pygofer, genital styles in basal half, and anal segment, stramineous. Tegmina hyaline, a broad band from tegula to apex of tegmen and a narrow line on one or both sides of apical veins of Sc, R and M,, castaneous-fuscous, posterior half of tegmen with a faint yellowish tinge ; veins concolorous. Wings hyaline, sordid white or faintly infused, veins fuscous. Anal segment of ¢ very short, ring-like, lateroapical angles rounded, not produced. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening longer dorsoventrally than broad, dorsolateral angles not at all produced, diaphragm with dorsal margin deeply concave, medioventral process present as a broad callus. Genital styles moderately long, rather broad and flattened in basal half, twisted and tapering mesodorsad in distal half. 6: length, 3:3 mm., tegmen, 4-4 mm. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 15 Holotype 3, NEw GuINEA: Central Highlands, Daulo Pass, c. 8,000 ft., 20-22. vili.56 (7. E. Woodward), in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Fics. 33-38. Haerinella saeva sp. n. 33, Frons and clypeus; 34, head and thorax, dorsal view; 35, head in profile; 36, antennae; 37, tegmen; 38, ¢ genitalia, posterior view. TEMENITES gen. n. Vertex shorter medially than broad at base (not quite 2:1), obtusely rounding into frons, rather narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight or weakly concave, apical margin transverse, with submedian carinae slightly prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae not uniting on vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 2: 1), widest near middle, lateral margins convex, median carina rather widely forked near middle ; clypeus at base wider than frons at apex, postclypeus short, about as long as basal antennal segment ; rostrum with apex lying between mesotrochanters; antennae moderately surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment little longer than broad, laterally compressed, expanding distad, second segment longer than first, with a shallow sulcus near lower margin ; ocelli reduced or obsolete. Pronotum 16 R. G. FENNAH with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur tectiform, with about 18 teeth. Anal segment of ¢ short, lateroapical angles widely separated, each produced ventrally in a spinose process. Pygofer moderately long ; no medioventral process present on hind margin. Type-species, Temenites ancon sp. n. Temenites ancon sp. n. (Text-figs. 39-43) Vertex shorter submedially than broad at base (about 1-8: 1), obtusely rounding into frons, hollowed between carinae, submedian carinae not uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (3:0: 1) and than median length (4: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 2 : 1), widest at level of lower margin of eyes, lateral margins convex, median carina rather widely forked at level of lower margin of eyes, clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, in profile strongly convex, postclypeal disc shorter than broad at base (1 : 1:2), anteclypeus in profile strongly curved caudad so that entire clypeus in profile is strongly bilobately convex ; antennae reaching approximately to level of middle of clypeus, basal segment scarcely longer than broad (1-1: 1), laterally com- pressed, expanding distad ; second segment longer than first (1-8 : 1) with a shallow sulcus near lower margin ; ocelli represented only by a scar. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1 : 2) lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Post- tibial spur not elongate, with 18 teeth. Castaneous-piceous ; frons, vertex, pronotum, mesonotum, femora apically, tibiae except post-tibiae near base, and tarsi, stramineous ; clypeus, genae, most of first antennal segment and basal half of second, brownish-yellow ; abdominal tergites laterally orange or pale brown ; genital styles and median portion of diaphragm yellowish brown. Tegmina (brachypterous) castaneous-piceous, except at apical margin, which is whitish hyaline, veins concolorous except for a few irregular veinlets near apical margin, which are pale. Anal segment of $ short, broader than long, latero-apical angles very widely separated, each produced ventrally in a stout process incurved mesad and acuminate distally. Pygofer with posterior opening as broad as long, dorso-lateral angles little produced, lateral margins in profile convex, diaphragm with dorsal margin very deeply excavate, middle portion very short, in form of a polished horizontal plate, medioventral process absent. Aedeagus long, stout, porrect, strongly compressed laterally, ornamented near dorsal and ventral margins on both sides with irregular coarse teeth ; orifice on right near apex ; a long stout rodlike process arising at base of aedeagus, directed ventro-caudad and slightly surpassing diaphragm, narrowly bifurcate apically. Genital styles rather long, each slightly curved and twisted, shallowly expanding to middle, where the inner margin bears a small stout spine, thence tapering to a slender process at apex, weakly curved laterad at tip. ¢ (brachypterous) : length, 2-8 mm. Holotype 3, AUSTRALIA : Brisbane, 30.11.56 (Kirkpatrick) ,in Queensland Museum. Temenites appears to be allied to Perkinsiella and Phacalastor, but is separable by the characters given in the key. In addition it differs from both quite markedly in the structure of the 3 genitalia. PERKINSIELLA Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1903b: 179. Orthotype, Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 17 Fics. 39-43. Temenites ancon sp. n. 39, Frons and clypeus; 40, head and thorax, dorsal view; 41, head in profile; 42, tegmen; 43, ¢ genitalia, posterior view. Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1903b : 179. AUSTRALIA: N. Queensland, Ayr Distr., Claredale, r J, 3 9, 36.v.53, on maize (T. E. Woodward) ; Ayr, I 3, I 9, I.xii.54. 3.iv.55 (G. Saunders) ; Atherton, 2 3, 17.v.54 (G. Saunders) ; Brisbane, I 9, 24.iii.41 (V. B. D. Sherman) ; N. Queens- land, Don R. (near Bowen), I g, 28.v.53 (T. E. Woodward). PHACALASTOR Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1906c : 404. Orthotype, Phacalastor pseudomaidis Kirkaldy. Phacalastor pseudomaidis Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1906c : 404. AUSTRALIA: Binna Burra, I J, 7.iv.54 (S. Sekhon). PELIADES Jacobi Jacobi, 1928a: 43. Orthotype, Peliades platypoda (Bierman), 1910a: 42. 2 18 R. G. FENNAH Peliades phyllocnemis sp. n. (Text-figs. 44-50) Vertex broader at base than long submedially (1-3: 1), obtusely rounding into frons, rather narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins slightly concave, apical margin truncate, with submedian carinae not prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting near middle of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2-4 : 1) and than median length (2:8: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-8 : 1), widest just below level of eyes, lateral margins concave between eyes, straight distally and converging slightly towards frontoclypeal suture, median carina forked near middle; clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile moderately convex, anteclypeus in profile rather strongly convex, curved caudad, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly convex ; antennae reaching to level of apex of postclypeus, basal segment longer than broad (3: 1), second segment longer than first (1-6: 1). Pronotum with disc as broad at anterior margin as long in middle line; lateral carinae weakly concave, strongly diverging, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with 29 teeth. Castaneous-piceous ; carinae of basal half of frons, vertex, pronotal disc and carinae, meso- notal disc and carinae, hind margins of anterior abdominal terga and median portion of the last three, posterior margin and laterodorsal angles of pygofer, lateral lobes of pronotum, rostrum, femora at apex, pro- and mesotibiae at apex, testaceous; some spots on frons, an irregular suffusion on disc of clypeus, and hind tarsi, ferruginous. Tegmina (brachypterous) castaneous piceous, clavus creamy yellow to ochraceous, a fascia from node to apex of clavus, creamy white ; veins concolorous, in clavus beset with fuscous-piceous granules. Anal style black. Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, lateroapical angles not produced. Pygofer short, longer ventrally than dorsally, posterior opening longer than broad, dorsolateral angles strongly inflected, subrectangulate, diaphragm very broad, with dorsal margin deeply concave, strongly incised medially ; medioventral process present, in form of an acuminate median lobe flanked by two smaller lobes, each bluntly pointed. Aedeagus long, narrow, reflected cephalad distally. Genital styles moderately long, directed dorsad, diverging dorso-laterad in apical third, deeply rounded apically. ¢ (brachypterous) : length, 3-0 mm. Holotype 3, NEw GuINEA: West Highlands, Al Valley, c. 6,000 ft., 25.viii.56 (I. E. Woodward), in Queensland Museum. This species differs from P. platypoda in having a relatively shorter frons in relation to its width, a relatively shorter clypeal disc in relation to its basal width, in both segments of the antennae being thicker in relation to their length, in the greatest width of the foliate protibiae occurring just basad of the middle (as opposed to just distad of the middle in platypoda) and in the profemora being deeply infuscate, not pale testaceous as in platypoda. The writer has not had an opportunity of comparing the 3 genitalia. PEREGRINUS Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1904a : 175. Orthotype, Delphax maidis Ashmead. Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead) Delphax maidis Ashmead, 1890a : 323. AUSTRALIA: Queensland, Ayr, Demesne area, I g, 26.v.53 (T. E. Woodward), I Q, 3-iv.55 (G. Saunders); Belmont, 1 9, 9.vi.57; Sunnybank, I 9, 14.iii.57 DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 19 47 Fics. 44-50. Peliades phyllocnemis sp.n. 44, Frons and clypeus; 45, head and thorax, dorsal view; 46, head in profile; 47, g genitalia, posterior view; 48, anal segment and pygofer, right side; 49, aedeagus, right side; 50, genital style. (Haseler) ; Brisbane, I g, 2 9, 3.ili.51 (G. Saunders), 7.ix.55 (L. Jackson), iii.57 (S. Sekhon) ; Cleveland, x mutilated specimen, 24.iv.56 (W. Yarrow) ; Gaythorn, I 9, 15.iii.47 (A. R. Bird) ; Taroom, 1 9, 30.iv.29, 6737. CEMUS Fennah Fennah, 1964 : 147. Cemus kirkaldyi (Metcalf) comb. n. Phacalastor koebelet Kirkaldy, 1906c : 408. Phyllodinus kirkaldyi Metcalf, 1943 : 148. Vertex broader at base than long submedially (about 1-3: 1), obtusely rounding into frons, rather narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins shallowly concave, apical margin truncate, with submedian carinae weakly prominent, Y-shaped carina feeble, submedian carinae uniting on frons near middle, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2:7: 1) and than median length (3:5: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 2:1), widest at level of lower margin of eyes, lateral margins concave between eyes, straight, slightly converging to fronto-clypeal suture, median carina forked in basal half, simple in distal half, clypeus at base a little wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as broad at base 20 R. G. FENNAH as long, in profile rather strongly convex, anteclypeus in profile distinctly convex, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly convex, antennae distinctly surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (2: 1), second segment longer than first (1-7: 1). Pronotum with disc broader at anterior margin than long in middle line (1-6: 1) ; lateral carinae concave not nearly attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with about 22 teeth. Castaneous to piceous; carinae of vertex, frons, clypeus, some spots on frons and genae, disc of pronotum except for two impressions, lateral fields of pronotum, carinae of mesonotal disc and lateral margins of mesonotum, abdominal terga laterally, anal segment and posterior margins of pygofer, rostrum, femora and tibiae at base and apex, post-tarsi at apex, stramineous ; antennae with an obscure stripe on basal segment, and clypeus, testaceous. Tegmina hyaline, dilutely suffused fuscous, darker near apex of costal margin, submarginally between veins at apex, and in two spots on commissural margin ; veins pale, greyish white, with fuscous-piceous granules. Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, lateroapical angles each produced in a short, rather slender spinose process. Pygofer short, longer ventrally than dorsally, posterior opening rather small, longer than broad, diaphragm rather narrow ; medioventral process present in form of a convex lobe. Aedeagus tubular, rather compressed, reflected at apex cephalad in a long flagellum acuminate at apex. Genital styles rather long, slender, sinuately tapering and acuminate at tip. $ (brachypterous) : length, 2-8 mm. AUSTRALIA: Brisbane I 3, 19. viii.56 (J. Martin) ; Ayr, I g,20.x.55 (G. Saunders) ; N. Ward, T.V., 2 9, 16.iv.34 ; S. Mackay, Lotus Ck., c. 100 m., I 2, 2. vi. 56, on grass, (I. C. Yeo); Moggill, r 3, 7.v.55, sweeping grass (T. E. Woodward) ; Bundaberg, I 9, 10. vi.56, on grass (I. C. Yeo) ; Toowang, r 9, 6.iv.41, 6875. THYMALOPS gen. n. Vertex longer medially than broad at base, subacutely rounding into frons, narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight or slightly concave, apical margin convex-truncate with submedian carinae weakly prominent, Y-shaped carinae moderately distinct, submedian carinae not uniting on vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-8: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 2:1), widest at middle, lateral margins weakly convex, median carinae forked at level of lower margin of eyes ; clypeus at base not wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc slightly longer than broad at base, in profile shallowly convex, anteclypeus in profile shallowly convex ; entire clypeus in profile evenly moderately convex ; rostrum surpassing mesotrochanters but not attaining post-tro- chanters ; antennae attaining frontoclypeal suture, basal segment cylindrical, widening distad, slightly longer than broad at apex, second segment longer than first (about 1-8:1); ocelli distinct. Pronotum with disc slightly longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight or weakly concave, not quite attaining hind margin. Femora and tibiae of fore and middle legs not foliate ; post-tibial spur with about 21 teeth. Type-species, Dicranotropis anderida Kirkaldy. This genus is distinguished by the combination of characters given in the key. Thymalops anderida (Kirkaldy) comb. n. (Text-figs. 51-53) Dicranotropis anderida Kirkaldy, 1907d: 133. Anal segment of ¢ collar-like, moderately long. Pygofer with posterior opening longer dorso- ventrally than broad, diaphragm deep at middle, without ornamentation ; a shallow rounded DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 21 median process present on ventral margin of pygofer. Aedeagus moderately long, with a reflec- ted flagellum apically. Genital styles simple. AUSTRALIA : Queensland, Gordonvale, I 3, 16.ii.36, at light (R. W. Mungomery). The writer has also seen specimens of this species from Taiwan. Muir (r917d : 336), on the basis of material from the Philippines, South China, Java and Ceram, placed this species in Delphacodes and later (191ga : 7) transferred it to Nilaparvata and suppressed it in synonymy under Liburnia sordescens (Motsch.). The type-specimen of Dicranotropis anderida, however, does not have lateral spines on the basal segment of the post-tarsus, and the frontal carina is bifurcate in its basal half, and so this species cannot be placed in Nilaparvata. In dorsal view the shape of the head and thorax is rather similar to that found in Nilaparvata lugens Stal (= L. sordescens (Motsch.)), and this similarity may account for Muir’s action. APLANODES gen. n. Vertex slightly shorter medially than broad at base, weakly declivous, obtusely rounding into frons, a little narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight, or nearly so, apical margin convex-truncate with submedian carinae not prominent, Y-shaped carina present, submedian carinae approximated at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (approximately 2-7: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 2:1), widest near middle, lateral margins very weakly convex, a pair of submedian carinae, obscure at base, parallel, extending to frontoclypeal suture ; clypeus at base as wide as frons at apex, postclypeal disc about as long as broad at base, in profile very weakly convex, anteclypeus in profile shallowly convex ; entire clypeus in profile shallowly convex ; rostrum not quite reaching to post-trochanters, apical and subapical segments about equal in length ; antennae terete, extending a little beyond frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (about 2:1), second segment longer than first (about 2:1), ocelli well developed. Pro- notum with disc as long in middle line as broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin, total length of mesonotum longer than that of scutellum (about 2-6: 1). Post-tibial spur tectiform, not long, with 15-18 minute teeth. Tegmina with Sc + R fork and Cu, fork much distad of level of union of claval veins, and rather close to nodal line. 35 Fics. 51-53. Thymalops anderida (Kirkaldy). 51, g genitalia, posterior view; 52, aedeagus, left side; 53, genital style. 22 R. G. FENNAH Type-species, Criomorphus australiae Kirkaldy. This species runs to Criomorphus in Muir’s key (1915d : 296) but differs generically in having relatively longer antennae, a differently shaped head, the post-tibial calcar toothed along the margin, and a radically different conformation of the 3 genitalia. From Notohyus, to which superficially it would seem to be nearest, it is well separated by the shape of the head, the proportions of the antennae, the presence of ocelli, the length of the rostrum, and, in the 9, by the sclerotized pregenital sternite. Aplanodes australiae (Kirkaldy) comb. n. (Text-figs. 54-64) Criomorphus ausiraliae Kirkaldy, 1907d : 131. Anal segment of 3 rather large, apical margin transverse, lateroapical angle of left side strongly produced ventrad in a stout subspinose process. Pygofer rather long, dorsolateral angles not produced, lateral margins in profile convex; diaphragm with dorsal margin deeply concave, narrow in middle portion, and strongly produced caudad in a pair of spinose processes, which are closely apposed basally but diverge moderately towards apex ; no medioventral process present. Aedeagus long, porrect caudad, slightly deflexed at tip, a small tooth dorsally near middle, a row along middle of right side, and a few ventro-laterally on right ; orifice ventrally at apex, rather long. Genital styles moderately long, rather narrow and tapering, directed dorsad and upcurved apically, outer margin shallowly convex, inner margin concave with a small bluntly angulate eminence in distal third. Seventh (pregenital) sternite of 2 relatively large, horse-shoe shaped, flattened dorsoventrally, each limb acute at apex. First valvifers, as exposed in ventral view, narrow, of approximately equal width throughout, not at all produced mesad at base. AUSTRALIA: Brisbane, Gold Creek, 19, 17.iv.56 (T. E. Woodward) ; 1 3, 6747. Topotype in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. NOTOHYUS é€en. n. Vertex about as long medially as broad at base, horizontal, strongly rounding into frons, about as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins almost straight, apical margin shallowly convex, with submedian carinae not prominent, Y-shaped carina very feeble, submedian carinae approxi- mated at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 2:1); frons in middle line rather longer than wide at widest part (about 1-3: 1), widest near middle, lateral margins convex, a pair of submedian carinae, obscure basally, extending to frontoclypeal suture, clypeus at base wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc very approximately as long as broad at base, entire clypeus’in profile convex ; rostrum attaining mesotrochanters ; antennae moderately surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment not longer than broad, second segment longer than first (between 2:1 and 3:1); eyes reniform, ocelli absent. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight or weakly concave, not quite attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur very short and thick, with minute teeth on margin. Type-species, Notohyus erosus sp. n. This genus runs to Criomorphus in Muir’s key (1915d : 296) but differs in having the antennae relatively longer, the head of a different shape, with the carinae DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 23 Figs. 54-64. Aplanodes australiae (Kirkaldy). 54, Frons and is ; 55, head and thorax, dorsal view; 56, head in profile; 57, antenna; 58,tegmen; 59, ¢ genitalia, posterior view; 60, ¢ genitalia, right side; 61, process at middle of dorsal margin of diaphragm ; 62, apex of aedeagus; 63, genital style; 64, basal portion of ovipositor, ventral view, with horse-shoe shaped pregenital sternite at base demarcated in one half by vertical shading, and one of first valvifers demarcated by oblique shading. approximated at the base, the post-tibial calcar toothed along the margin, and the first valvifers with the inner margin devoid of any trace of a lobe at middle. Notohyus erosus sp. n. (Text-figs. 65-69) Vertex as long medially as broad at base, strongly rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins very shallowly concave, apical margin distinctly convex, with submedian carinae obscure, not prominent, Y-shaped carina very feeble or obsolete, submedian carinae approximated at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 2: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 1-3: 1), widest at middle, lateral margins strongly convex, a pair of parallel submedian carinae, obscure and apparently united at base, reaching frontoclypeal suture, clypeus at base distinctly wider 24 R. G. FENNAH Fics. 65-69. Notohyus erosus sp.n. 65, Frons and clypeus; 66, head and thorax, dorsal view; 67, head in profile; 68, tegmen; 60, first valvifer of ovipositor (caudad to right). than frons at apex, postclypeal disc shorter in middle than broad at base (1: 1-1), in profile recessed below level of frons, and moderately convex, median carina broadly obscure, anteclypeus in profile more weakly convex ; rostrum attaining mesotrochanters, subapical segment moder- ately compressed laterally, rather longer than apical segment; antennae reaching to level of middle of post-clypeus, basal segment scarcely as long as broad, second segment longer than first (2-7: 1); ocelli absent. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (I: 1-5), median carina obsolete, lateral carinae weakly concave, not quite attaining hind margin ; mesonotum (brachypterous form) with carinae very feeble or obsolete. Post- tibial spur very short and thick, with a broad pad, a distinct apical tooth and about twenty-two very minute teeth. Light testaceous ; frons, except for six round spots in each compartment of disc, genae near anterior margin, some incomplete longitudinal stripes on femora and tibiae, and abdominal sternites in part, rather dilute yellowish fuscous ; metapleura, six small spots on each abdominal tergum, and second valvifers of ovipositor apically, castaneous-piceous. Tegmina stramineous hyaline, veins concolorous and rather obscure. First valvifers of ovipositor each produced mesad at base in a rather shallow rounded lobe, inner margin distad of this lobe entire. Q (brachypterous) : length, 4-1 mm. Holotype 9, NEw ZEALAND: Banks Peninsula, Tumbledown Bay, 18.ii.59 (T. E. Woodward), in collection of Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. NILAPARVATA Distant Distant, 19061: 473. Orthotype, Nilaparvata greeni Distant. Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) Delphax lugens Stal, 1854b: 246. Nilaparvata greeni Distant, 1906i: 473. AUSTRALIA: Sunnybank, 3 g, 16, I9.iii.57, 21.iv.57 (Haseler) I g, 15.11.51 DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 25 (S. Barker); Lawes, 1 9, 8.xii.56 (W. F. Wildin) ; Brisbane, 4 9, 21, 31.iv.57 (S. Sekhon) ; 20.xi.1955 (G. E.), 9.iii.57 (B. R. Grant). NEw GUINEA: W. Highlands, Al Valley, c. 6000 ft., 1 9, 25. viii. 56 (T. E. Wood- ward.) Nilaparvata myersi Muir (Text-figs. 70-74) Muir, 19231: 258. Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (1-2 : 1) subacutely and abruptly rounding into frons, distinctly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins almost straight, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae prominent, Y-shaped carina well developed, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-5 : 1) and than median length (1-7: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2: 1), widest at middle, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple or at most forked only at extreme base ; clypeus at base wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as broad at base as long, in profile moderately convex, anteclypeus in profile rather strongly convex so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly interruptedly convex or biconvex ; antennae moderately surpassing fronto-clypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (about 1-7: 1), second segment longer than first (1-5: 1); ocelli small. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (nearly 1-3 : 1), lateral carinae concave, diverging laterad, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with 19 teeth. Stramineous ; vertex, pronotal disc, mesonotum, paler; fifth to seventh abdominal terga, piceous except in middle line, eighth tergum piceous near margin, pygofer castaneous-piceous except at dorsolateral angles, genital styles and diaphragm piceous. Anal segment of ¢ moderately long, distinctly broad, lateroapical angles widely separated, each produced ventrad in a curved spinose process. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening about as broad as long, dorsolateral angles not produced caudad, inflected mesad ; diaphragm with dorsal margin weakly convex, medioventral process absent. Aedeagus moderately long, straight, with about seven teeth along dorsal margin ; a long narrow process arising ventrally near middle and extending caudad below main axis of aedeagus and parallel to it. Genital styles 10 ee Fics. 70-74. Nilaparvata myersi Muir. 70, Anal segment of 4, left side; 71, median portion of diaphragm ; 72, aedeagus, ventral view; 73, aedeagus, leftside; 74, genital style, 26 R. G. FENNAH moderately long, stout, in posterior view each asymmetrically Y-shaped, strongly produced caudad near base ; process of inner apical angle strongly curved cephalad. 36 (brachypterous) : length, 3-5 mm. Q (brachypterous): length, 3-5 mm. NEW ZEALAND : Paihia, I 9, 7 9, 17.11.47, 23-28.ii.50, (R. A. Cumber) ; Paiaka (Man.), 4 3, 4 2, I nymph, 5.1.50, I, IT.ii.50, 28.ii.59 (R. A. Cumber) ; HE4 RS25 Rd., 1 9; HE4 RS 23 P4,1 9; HE4 53 Road, r 9; Mangahao, 1 9, 6.i.50 (R. A. Cumber) ; Rotorua, I 3, I 9, 1.11.27 (A. Philpott). An interesting feature of this sample is that only a small minority of the specimens examined bore spines on the side of the basal post-tarsal segment. NOTOGRYPS gen. n. Vertex about as long submedially as broad at base, obtusely rounding into frons, about as wide at apex as at base ; frons longer than broad (about 1-5-1-7 : 1), widest near middle, median carina simple, clypeus rather strongly convex, rostrum surpassing post-trochanters; ocelli minute or obsolete ; antennae with basal segment about as long as broad, second segment a little more than twice as long as first. Pronotum with disc a little longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with seven or eight teeth. Anal segment of ¢ narrowly ring-like, with apical margin produced medially in a blunt lobe. Pygofer with dorsolateral angles produced caudad, diaphragm moderately broad. Aedeagus moderately long, porrect, with a short slender process dorsally at apex. Type-species, Notogryps melanthus sp. n. In Zimmerman’s key (1948 : 139) this species runs to Nesothoe, but differs from other species of the genus in the relatively stouter bodily form, the less thickened and elongate post-tibial spur, and the reduced ocelli. From Nesorthia it differs entirely in the form of the head and in the structure of the ¢ genitalia. Notogryps melanthus sp. n. (Text-figs. 75-85) Vertex as long submedially as broad at base, obtusely rounding into frons, slightly broader at apex than at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting before apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2:3: 1) and than median length (nearly 3:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 1-7 : 1), widest near middle, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple, clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc broader at base than long (1:3 : 1), in profile strongly convex, separated by a transverse impression from anteclypeus, which in profile is strongly con- vex and curved caudad, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly biconvex; rostrum with subapical segment attaining mesotrochanters, apical segment surpassing post-trochanters ; antennae short, scarcely attaining fronto-clypeal suture, basal segment as long as broad, second segment longer than first (2-2: 1). Ocelli very minute or obsolete. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-1 : 1), lateral carinae straight, strongly divergent, not attaining hind margin ; post-tibial spur with 8 teeth. Dark testaceous ; vertex, coxae and legs slightly paler ; abdominal terga slightly ferruginous. Tegmina brachypterous, brownish hyaline, entire margin pale testaceous, a creamy white spot at middle of apical margin. Male genitalia and pygofer distally, light testaceous. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 27 Anal segment of g very short, ring-like, lateroapical angles not produced, distal margin produced caudad in a broadly triangular lobe extending caudad above base of aedeagus. Pygofer rather large, posterior opening slightly longer than broad, dorsolateral angles very strongly produced, each with a slender subapical spine directed mesad, lateral margins in profile oblique, ventrolaterally produced dorsocaudad on each side in a small triangular lobe ; diaphragm broad with dorsal margin deeply excavate, at middle produced caudad in a weak fold like the lip of a jug ; medioventral process absent. Aedeagus rather long, tubular, porrect caudad, orifice rather long, on left at apex, a narrow sclerotized ridge dorsally above orifice with two teeth, and a moderately long slender process, with two teeth on its margin, arising dorsally subapically, and directed dorsocephalad. Genital styles moderately long, twisted at middle, inner apical angle produced caudad in a short blunt spine, outer apical angle produced cephalad in a lobe apically truncate. 3 (brachypterous) : length, 2-4 mm., tegmen, 1:-4mm. @ (brachypterous) : length, 2-7 mm., tegmen, I°5 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND : Puketoi (Waewaepa), 29.iii.57 (R. A. Cumber), in collection of the Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. Paratypes, 34, 4 2, same data. 75 Gs 77 d 78 8 | 6 O 85 84 8| 83 > Fics. 75-85. Notogryps melanthus sp.n. 75, Frons and clypeus; 76, head and thorax, dorsal view; 77, head in profile; 78, tegmen; 79, ¢ genitalia, postero-lateral view from left; 80, ¢ genitalia, left side; 81, anal segment of g, posterior view; 82, process on dorsolateral angle of pygofer, left side; 83, median portion of diaphragm ; 84, aedeagus; 85, genital style, 28 R. G. FENNAH The anal segment and, to some extent, the genital styles are generally similar to those of Sardia persephone (Kirk.) from Queensland. The aedeagus and the dorso- lateral margin of the pygofer, however, are very different, and the structure of the former is closely similar to that found in species of Nesothoe. Notogryps ithoma sp. n. (Text-figs. 86-94) Vertex as long submedially as broad at base, obtusely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins shallowly concave, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae distinctly prominent, Y-shaped carina moderately distinct, submedian carinae uniting at base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2-1 : 1) and than median length (2:2: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (nearly 1-5: 1), widest near middle, lateral margins distinctly convex, median carina forked at extreme base, clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc shorter in middle line than broad at base (1: 1-4) in profile strongly convex, anteclypeus in profile moderately convex, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly convex ; rostrum with subapical segment sur- passing mesotrochanters, apical segment surpassing post-trochanters ; antennae little surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment as long as broad, second segment longer than first (2:5 : I) ; ocelli minute or obsolete, indicated only by a red pigment spot ; pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-2 : 1), lateral carinae straight or very weakly convex, moderately diverging, not quite attaining hind margin ; post-tibial spur with seven teeth. Testaceous ; frons apically, lateral carinae of clypeus, apex of vertex and base of frons, femora at apex, tibiae at apex, abdominal sternites at posterior margin, stramineous or ivory-white. Tegmina hyaline with testaceous suffusion, becoming darker in apical third, middle part of apical margin ivory-white. Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, apical margin slightly produced caudad medially in an obtuse lobe. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening slightly longer dorsoventrally than broad, dorsolateral angles strongly produced caudad, each rather abruptly terminating in an apical spine, lateral margins distinctly concave, ventral margin shallowly trilobate, lateral lobes blunt ; medioventral process as long as lateral lobes, acute ; diaphragm with dorsal margin excavate, rather broad medially. Aedeagus short, porrect caudad, genital styles moderately long, rather narrowed at middle, strongly expanded distally, inner apical angle produced caudad in a narrow acute lobe, outer apical angle produced laterobasad in a longer and more bluntly tapering lobe which is almost weakly bifurcate at tip. 6: length, 2-9 mm., tegmen, 1-5 mm. 9: length, 2-9 mm., tegmen, 1-3 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Mangonui, 8.iii.50 (R. A. Cumber), in collection of the Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. Paratypes, 2 2, I nymph, same data. This species is distinguishable from the preceding by its relatively shorter frons and, in the ¢ genitalia, by the development of spinose processes apically on the dorsolateral angles of the pygofer, not subapically on the inner face. The two species differ appreciably in the form of the genital styles, and to a less extent in details of aedeagal ornamentation. EORISSA gen, n. Stoutly built. Vertex about as long submedially as broad at base, about as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight or nearly so, apical margin transverse, with submedian carinae DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 29 94 9| Fics. 86-94. Notogryps ithoma sp. n. 86, Frons and clypeus; 87, head, thorax and left tegmen ; 88, head in profile; 89, ¢ genitalia, posterior view; 90, ¢ genitalia, right side; 91, anal segment of g, right side; 92, median portion of diaphragm; 93, aedeagus, left side; 94, genital style. not prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 2:1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 1-3: 1), widest at middle, lateral margins strongly convex, each incurved basally to meet in middle line, median carina simple, clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc shorter than broad at base, distinctly convex, anteclypeus in profile angulately curved caudad ; rostrum attaining mesotrochanters, apical segment about as long as subapical, antennae slightly surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad, second segment longer than first (about 2:1), ocelli small. Pronotum with disc about as long in middle line as broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae weakly concave, not attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum not as long as that of vertex and pronotum together, posterolateral margins deeply concave. Legs relatively short 30 R. G. FENNAH and stout. Post-tibial spur short, stout, with about 11 minute teeth. Tegmina broadly rounded distally. Type-species, Eorissa cicatrifrons sp. n. Eorissa cicatrifrons sp. n. (Text-figs. 95-104) Vertex as long submedially as broad at base, a little obtusely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins almost straight, apical margin transverse-convex, with submedian carinae not at all prominent, Y-shaped carina prominent, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, two obscure transverse carinae in each lateroapical compartment, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2 : 1), and than median length (2-3: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 1-3 : 1), widest at middle, lateral margins strongly convex, each uniting basally with a thick arcuate transverse carina which separates vertex from frons, median carina simple to base, disc with about fourteen pustules ; clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc shorter than broad at base (nearly I : 1-2), in profile depressed below level of frons, rather angulately convex, anteclypeus in profile angulately convex, so that entire clypeus in profile is doubly convex; rostrum reaching to mesotrochanters, apical segment about as long as subapical, antennae slightly surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment scarcely longer than broad, second segment longer than first (2:1). Ocelli indicated only by a small dark depression, pronotum with disc as long in middle line as broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae concave, not attaining hind margin ; sometimes a weak carina transversely across middle of disc ; mesonotum very short in both macropterous and brachypterous forms, in former, tegulae with a fine but distinct carina. Post- tibial spur very short and thick with 10-12 small but well separated teeth. Tegmina with Sc + R forked at middle, Cu, fork basad of Sc + R fork, M-Cu cross-vein long. Light yellowish brown ; pustules on frons, median carina of clypeus, and three spots laterally on each abdominal tergum, pallid ochraceous or stramineous ; a few short stripes on abdominal terga, fuscous. Tegmina (brachypterous) light brownish hyaline, veins concolorous. Anal segment of $ moderately large, ring-like, lateroapical angles each produced ventrad in an acute process. Pygofer rather long, posterior opening longer dorsoventrally than broad, lateral margins produced mesocaudad at middle in a stout subspinose process, diaphragm broad, with dorsal margin rather shallowly concave, armature in form of a rather small subtriangular eminence ; medioventral process indicated by a broad shallow median thickening on the lower margin. Genital styles moderately long, rather broad, flattened, with flat surfaces facing caudad, each style gradually expanding distad, curved caudad near apex, apical margin truncate. Seventh (pregenital) sternite of 2 scelerotized in form of a trapezoidal plate, with broader end distad, distal margin thickened and apparently submembranous. First valvifers of ovipositor each with inner margin produced mesad at base in a subtriangular lobe, acute at its apex. $ (brachypterous) : length, 3-3 mm. @: length, 3-6-3-8 mm.; tegmen, 4:0 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Levin, 22.iv.50 (R. A. Cumber), in collection of the Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. Paratypes, r 9, same data; Pukebi, F., r 9, 5.ii.50 (R. A. Cumber) ; Paiaka, Manawatu, I 9, 29.i.51 (JT. E. Woodward), 1 9, 4.1.50 (R. A. Cumber). This remarkable species has all the appearance of an alohine. The condition of the post-tibial spur is indeterminate ; it is short, very thick, with the lower surface flattened and slightly recessed below the margins, the teeth, ten to twelve, are short DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 31 and small, but well separated. For the present it is best placed in the Alohini, in which it comes nearest to Nesodryas. The tegminal shape and venation, however, are very appreciably different from those found in Nesodryas. HAPLODELPHAX Kirkaldy Kirkaldy, 1907d : 145. Orthotype, Haplodelphax iuncicola Kirkaldy. lO3 oe Fics. 95-104. orissa cicatrifyrons sp. n. 95, Frons and clypeus; 96, head and thorax of brachypterous form, dorsal view; 97, head in profile; 98, mesonotum of macrop- terous form, dorsal view; 99, tegmen (brachypterous) ; 100, tegmen (macropterous); 101, ¢ genitalia, posterior view; 102, ¢ genitalia, right side; 103, aedeagus, right side; 104, base of ovipositor, ventral view, with pregenital sclerite in upper third of illustration. lO4 32 R. G. FENNAH Haplodelphax iuncicola Kirkaldy (Text-figs. 105—107) Kirkaldy, 1907d : 146. AUSTRALIA : New South Wales, Wee Jaspar, 4 9, 7.1.55, on grasses and sedges (T. E. Woodward) ; S. E. Victoria, Bonang, I 2, 9.1.55 (IT. E. Woodward) ; Victoria, Lancefield, r 9, 14.1.55 (T. E. Woodward) ; Lockyer, 1 9, 24.viii.39, on lucerne (Dept. of Agric.) ; Brisbane, 1 9, 9.xii.55 (W. F. Wildin). Kirkaldy separated the species natas from iuncicola in the brachypterous form by means of the pattern of markings on the abdominal terga. In the above series from Wee Jaspar, the range of markings includes patterns described as characteristic of each species. A specimen of this series was kindly compared with the type by Dr. J. W. Beardsley, and he reported that it appeared to be nearest to H. iuncicola. Fics. 105-107. Haplodelphax iuncicola Kirkaldy. 105, Frons and clypeus; 106, head and thorax, dorsal view; 107, head in profile. Haplodelphax euronotianus Kirkaldy (Text-figs. 108-110) . Kirkaldy, 1907d : 146. AUSTRALIA: Sydney, I topotypic 3, 85.119 (C. Darwin) [collected during voyage of the ‘‘Beagle’’. Presented to B.M.(N.H.) by G. Waterhouse in 1855.] The type-specimen of this species is not in the collection of the H.S.P.A., and cannot at present be traced. Kirkaldy separated H. euronotianus from the two other original species of the genus, tuncicola and natas, by its relatively longer vertex, which is described as being one half longer than wide between the eyes. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 33 / Fics. 108-110. Haplodelphax euronotianus Kirkaldy. 108, Frons and clypeus; 109, vertex and pronotal disc; 110, head in profile. lO9 lO8 Haplodelphax darwini sp. n. (Text-figs. 111-119) Vertex longer medially than broad at base (about 1-1: 1), strongly rounding into frons, distinctly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight, weakly diverging basad, apical margin strongly convex with submedian carinae not prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting before apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-5: 1), and than median length (1-8: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2-8: 1), widest at middle, lateral margins very shallowly convex, almost parallel, median carina simple ; clypeus at base very slightly wider than frons at apex, post-clypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile weakly convex, anteclypeus in profile rather strongly curved caudad ; entire clypeus in profile moderately convex ; rostrum reaching to level of mesotrochanters ; antennae scarcely surpassing level of frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1-2: 1), second segment longer than first (2:1); ocelli small. Pronotum with disc slightly shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1 : 1-1), lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with about 13 teeth. Anal segment of ¢ short, broader than long, lateroapical angles widely separated, a pair of stout spinose processes arising laterobasally on ventral surface, curving caudad then dorsad. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening a little longer than broad, dorsolateral angles feebly produced and slightly inflected ; diaphragm with dorsal margin deeply concave, subrectangulately excavate at middle, where it is slightly thickened and contiguous with its ventral margin ; medioventral process present in form of a small coarsely granulate knob. Aedeagus moderately long, tubular, slightly laterally compressed and decurved in distal half, two rows of coarse teeth, about six in each, dorsally in distal half, and two rows each of about five teeth ventrally in distal half, orifice terminal. Genital styles simple, moderately long, narrow, subcylindrical, weakly sinuate in lateral view, arcuate in posterior view, incurved distally, and bluntly rounded at apex. 6: length, 2-2 mm. Holotype ¢ (brachypterous), AUSTRALIA: King George’s Sound, 85.119. (C. Darwin) {collected during voyage of the ‘‘ Beagle ’’], in B.M. (N.H.). This species differs from H. euronotianus in its relatively shorter vertex, and from naias in its relatively longer vertex. From iuncicola it differs in the subparallel lateral margins of the frons (these being distinctly arcuate in H. iuncicola) and in the union of the submedian carinae being more remote from the apex of the head. 3 34 R. G. FENNAH Fics. 111-119. Haplodelphax darwini sp. n. 111, Frons and clypeus; 112, head and thorax, dorsal view; 113, head in profile; 114, tegmen; 115, ¢ genitalia, posterior view ; I16, anal segment of g, ventral view ; 117, median portion of diaphragm; 118, aedeagus, left side; 119, genital style. ANCHODELPHAX gen. n. Vertex as long as broad, or a little longer, subrectangularly or obtusely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin transverse-convex with sub- median carinae a little prominent, Y-shaped carinae distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-7 or 1-8 : I) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-8—2-0 : 1), median carina simple, clypeus at base a little wider than frons at apex ; post-clypeal disc shorter in middle line than broad at base; rostrum long, attaining or surpassing post-trochanters, antennae with basal segment longer than broad (1-4 : 1), second segment longer than first (about 1-7 : 1), third segment rather elongate, cylindrical at base of flagellum ; ocelli small. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1:3: 1), lateral carinae not attaining hind margin ; legs rather short and stout, post-tibial spur shallowly tectiform with 12-15 small teeth. Type-species, Anchodelphax olenus sp. n. In general structure, members of this genus resemble those of Toya or Syndelphax, but may readily be distinguished by the distinctly long rostrum. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 35 Anchodelphax olenus sp. n. (Text-figs. 120-126) Vertex as long submedially as broad at base, obtusely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin truncate or slightly convex with submedian carinae slightly prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-7 : 1) and than median length (2:1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 2 : 1), widest at middle, lateral margins shallowly convex ; median carina simple or forked only at extreme base ; clypeus at base a little wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc shorter in middle line than broad at base (1: 1-2), in profile almost straight, anteclypeus separated by a transverse impression from postclypeus, in profile rather strongly convex, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly convex ; rostrum with subapical segment surpassing mesotrochanters, apical segment attaining post trochanters ; antennae reaching little beyond frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1-4: 1), second segment longer than first (1-7: 1). Ocelli present, rather small. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-4 : 1), lateral carinae concave, not very strongly diverging, not attaining hind margin ; post-tibial spur with 13-15 teeth. Dark castaneous: carinae of frons and clypeus, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum, antennae, rostrum, legs and abdominal sternites of ? in part, and ovipositor, testaceous. Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, lateroapical angles moderately close to one another, each produced ventrolaterad in a stout flattened spinose process, at base of segment on each side ventrally a long thin spine directed ventrad. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening as Fics. 120-126. Anchodelphax olenus sp. n. 120, Frons and clypeus; 121, head and thorax, dorsal view; 122, head in profile; 123, g¢ genitalia, posterior view; 124, anal segment of 4, left side; 125, aedeagus; 126, genital style. 36 R. G. FENNAH broad as long, dorsal margin broadly excavate, dorsolateral angles moderately produced, obtuse in side view, diaphragm narrow with dorsal margin V-shaped and produced medially dorsad in a long bifurcate lobe ; medioventral process absent. Aedeagus rather long, tubular, with a ridge along ventral margin, orifice subterminal, directed ventrad, apex slightly decurved. Genital styles moderately long, inner margin at base moderately produced caudad, thence margins sinuately parallel, outer apical angle acute, inner apical angle reflected in an obtusely angulate flange. First valvifers of ovipositor not produced mesad at base. Pregenital sternite not forming a sclerotised lobe. $ (brachypterous): length, 2.0mm. 9 (brachypterous) : length 3-6 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Manawatu, Paiaka, 5.1.50 (R. A. Cumber), in collection of Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. Paratypes, 3 g, I nymph, same data, 18 ¢, 92, 1 mutilated specimen, 5.i.50, on Muehlenbeckia australis (T. E. Woodward) ; Auckland, Western Springs, I g, 22.iv.51 (I. E. Woodward) ; Wellington, Ngahuaranga Gorge, r g, I 9, 1.ii.51 (JT. E. Wood- ward) ; Levin (south of), Otaki R., 10 g, 4 9, 21 nymphs, 1 mutilated specimen, sweeping Convolvulus and Muehlenbeckia (T. E. Woodward) ; HE4 5 Road, RS 37 Paddock, 1 g, 1 2; Three Kings Group, S.W. Id., 2 g, 1 9, 13.i.50, on Lepidium oleraceum (T. E. Woodward). Anchodelphax hagnon sp. n. (Text-figs. 127-133) Vertex slightly longer submedially than broad at base (1-1: 1), subrectangularly rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin transverse, with submedian carinae distinctly prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-8: 1) and than median length (2:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-8: 1), widest at two-thirds from base, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple; clypeus at base a little wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc shorter in middle line than broad at base (1 : 1-1), in profile slightly convex, anteclypeus in profile strongly curved caudad, so that entire clypeus in profile is moderately convex. Rostrum with subapical segment attaining post-coxae, apical segment almost surpassing post-trochanters ; antennae reaching little beyond level of frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1-4: 1), second segment longer than first (1-6: 1). Ocellismall. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1-3: 1), lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur thin, with twelve teeth. Testaceous ; carinae of head and thorax, margins of thoracic segments and abdominal seg- ments and legs, dorsal mid-line of abdomen, anal segment and posterior margin of pygofer, stramineous. Apical segment of tarsi, genital styles and diaphragm of male and third valvulae of ovipositor at apex, fuscous. Tegmina (brachypterous) translucent, margins and veins strami- neous. Anal segment of ¢ rather short, lateroapical angles each produced ventrocaudad in a shallow lobe, a pair of stout, moderately long spinose processes at middle of ventral surface. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening as broad as long, dorsolateral angles not produced, lateral margin in side view shallowly convex. Diaphragm narrow with dorsal margin very strongly produced dorsad medially in a V-shaped trough; medioventral process absent. Aedeagus moderately long, tubular, slightly sinuate, with about three small teeth on dorsal margin near apex ; orifice laterally at apex, apparently on left. Genital styles moderately long, in posterior DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 37 [27 [33 I3O Fics. 127-133. Anchodelphax hagnon sp. n. 127, Frons and clypeus; 128, head and thorax, dorsal view; 129, head in profile; 130, pygofer, posterior view; 131, anal segment of J, left side; 132, aedeagus, left side; 133, genital style. view rather narrow, parallel sided, and shallowly bifurcate at apex; in lateral view slightly produced caudad basally, as shown in figure. 2. No plate developed medially on pregenital sternite; ovipositor with third valvulae distinctly longitudinally impressed near base. ¢ (brachypterous) : length, 2-0 mm. 92 (brachypterous): length, 2-2 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Wellington, Titahi Bay, 1.xi.51, on Pimelia (T. E. Woodward), in Dominion Museum, Wellington. Paratypes, 6 3, 10 9, r mutilated specimen, same data, in Queensland Museum, and in collection of the Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. The structure of the anal segment of the g resembles that of Delphax geranor Kirk., but the two species differ in the armature of the diaphragm. TAROPHAGUS Zimmerman Zimmerman, 1948 : 245. Orthotype, Megamelus proserpina Kirkaldy, 1907d : 147. Tarophagus proserpina australis subsp. n. (Text-figs. 134-137) Vertex as long medially as broad at base, subrectangularly rounding into frons, distinctly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin shallowly convex, with 38 R. G. FENNAH submedian carinae only weakly prominent, Y-shaped carina weak, submedian carinae not uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-7: 1), and than median length (2:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2-1: 1), widest at apex, lateral margins shallowly sinuately diverging, median carina forked at one quarter from base, clypeus at base not wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile very shallowly convex, almost straight, anteclypeus in profile weakly convex; entire clypeus in profile moderately convex; rostrum just attaining post- trochanters ; antennae reaching almost to level of apex of post-clypeus, basal segment longer than broad (2-1 : 1), second segment longer than first (1-4: 1) ; ocellismall. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1 : 1-2), lateral carinae straight, scarcely attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum greater than that of scutellum (2-2: 1). Post-tibial spur with about 36 teeth. Tegmina much surpassing abdomen, deeply rounded apically : Sc + R fork and Cu, fork at same level, slightly distad of middle, both much distad of union of claval veins. Castaneous; a broad band from vertex to apex of scutellum, creamy-white ; rostrum, mesopleurites marginally, post-coxae, tibiae apically, and second post-tarsal segment, stramineous. Tegmina castaneous, apical cells of R mostly colourless, commissural margin of clavus white. Wings dilute fuscous, with fuscous veins. Anal segment of male short, collar-like, lateroapical angles contiguous, each produced ventrad in a stout, tapering spinose process. Pygofer rather long, posterior opening about as long as broad, dorsolateral angles shortly produced, weakly inflected, diaphragm with dorsal margin excavate ; lateral margins below middle each strongly produced caudad in a stout process, tapering distad to an obliquely truncate apex ; medioventral process knob-like, on a stout stalk. Aedeagus only moderately long, laterally compressed, decurved in distal half, a short flagellum arising dorsally at apex, reflected cephalad above aedeagus for half its length, moderately expanding distad, bifurcate apically in two equal acuminate processes. Genital styles strongly divergent, each rather short, broad basally, tapering rapidly to narrow truncate apex, of which outer angle is acutely produced laterad. 3: length, 2-8 mm., tegmen, 3:0 mm. @: length, 3:2 mm., tegmen, 3-5 mm. Holotype g of subspecies, AUSTRALIA: Queensland, Gordonvale, 16.11.36 (R. W. Mungomery) at light, in B.M. (N.H.). Paratypes, 2 9, same data, 16, 19.11.36. This subspecies is distinguished from the typical subspecies from Fiji by the form of the vertex and of the § genitalia. In the typical subspecies the ventrolateral processes of the pygofer are large and broad, with the distal margin convex, and the outer distal angle acute, whereas in T. proserpina australis they are not large and each tapers rapidly to a short oblique apical margin. The writer has not seen any two examples of this genus that differ in the trilobate margin of the pygofer and occur side by side in the same area. The form of the lobes appears to be characteristic of the population in each locality, and on present evidence it would appear that T. proserpina is a polytypic species. ACRODELPHAX gen. n. Vertex declivous, longer submedially than broad at base (about 1-4: 1), Y-shaped carina feeble, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider than greatest length (about 1-3: 1) ; frons longer than broad (about 1:7 : 1), lateral margins distinctly arcuate, median carina simple, rather thick; clypeus at base not wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as broad at base as long in middle ; rostrum long, attaining post-trochanters ; DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 39 Fics. 134-137. Tarophagus proserpina australis ssp. n. 134, $ genitalia, posterior view ; 135, process on ventral margin of pygofer, ventral view; 136, aedeagus, left side ; 137, genital styles. antennae reaching about to level of middle of clypeus, basal segment longer than broad (about I°5: 1), second segment longer than first (nearly 1:7: 1), ocelli minute ; pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1-4 : 1), all carinae of disc prominent, lateral carinae straight, not strongly diverging, almost attaining hind margin ; mesonotum with disc smooth, almost polished, all carinae prominent and discal area between them shallowly con- cave ; protibiae as long as profemora, post-tibiae with apical teeth stout, rather short, not deeply cleft or strongly splayed out ; post-tibial spur with about 13 teeth. Anal segment of g short. Pygofer moderately short with posterior opening a little longer than broad ; no medioventral process present. Type-species, Acrodelphax thimbron sp. n. This genus occupies a rather isolated position. Its members are most easily recognisable by the coarse and prominent carination of the frons, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum, the relatively long rostrum, by the relative length of the pronotum and the smooth, rather polished, intercarinal areas of the mesonotum, and by the moderate number of teeth on the post-tibial spur. Acrodelphax thimbron sp. n. (Text-figs. 138-145) Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (nearly 1-4 : 1), subrectangularly rounding into frons, very slightly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins almost straight, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae prominent, Y-shaped carina feeble, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-3: 1) and than median length (about 1:4: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1:7: 1), widest near middle, lateral margins distinctly arcuate, median carinae simple, 40 R. G. FENNAH coarse ; clypeus at base not wider than frons at apex, post-clypeal disc as broad at base as long in middle line, in profile moderately convex, its median carina not as prominent as that of frons ; anteclypeus in profile rather strongly curved caudad, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly convex, rostrum with subapical segment surpassing mesotrochanters, apical segment reaching post-trochanters ; antennae reaching to level of middle of clypeus, basal segment longer than broad (1-5 : 1), second segment longer than first (nearly 1-7: 1), ocelli minute; pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-4: 1), lateral carinae straight, not strongly diverging, almost attaining hind margin ; post-tibial spur with 13 teeth. Stramineous ; intercarinal areas of frons, anterior compartment of genae, mesonotum po- teriorly, pleurites and coxae, abdominal terga laterally and sternites except at margins, pygofer laterally and on diaphragm, fuscous. Tegmina yellowish hyaline, costa and clavus at base, and a suffusion in apical third and anal angle beyond apex of clavus, castaneous. 40 |39 42 14] I45 143 Fics. 138-145. Acrodelphax thimbron sp. n. 138, Frons and clypeus; 139, head and thorax, dorsal view; 140, head in profile; 141, ¢ genitalia, posterior view; 142, g genitalia, left side; 143, anal segment of g, left side; 144, aedeagus, left side; 145, genital style, DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 41 Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, lateroapical angles distinctly separated, margin between them membranous, each produced ventrad in a long slender spinose process which appears as if annulate. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening longer than broad, dorsolateral angles distinctly produced, inflected mesad, rectangulate; diaphragm strongly impressed, dorsal margin rectangulately excavate, medially with a vertical ridge, lateral margins oblique, no medioventral process present. Aedeagus short, laterally compressed, moderately expanding distad, bluntly rounded apically with two tracts of teeth subapically on left side, one tract in dorsal half, with three rows of teeth, the other in ventral half, with four rows of teeth; orifice apical. Genital styles rather long, narrow, sinuately tapering to near apex, abruptly expanded with inner and outer apical angles subacutely and about equally produced mesad and laterad, respectively. dé: length (brachypterous) 2-4 mm. Holotype 3, AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Barrington Tops, 22.xii.54 (T. E. Woodward), in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. IZELLA gen. n. Vertex moderately declivous, longer submedially than broad at base (about 1:3: 1), rather shallowly rounding into frons, about as wide apically as at base, apical margin truncate, Y-shaped carina feeble, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-4: 1); frons longer than broad (nearly 2:1), lateral margins shallowly arcuate, median carina simple or forked at extreme base; clypeus at base slightly wider than frons at apex, post-clypeal disc longer in middle line than broad at base (about 1-2: 1) ; antennae reaching almost to level of apex of post- clypeus, basal segment longer than broad (about 1-5 : 1), second segment longer than first (about I°5: 1); ocelli obsolete ; pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1-1: 1), lateral carinae concave, not attaining hind margin; mesonotum shallowly convex, surface minutely granulate, carinae of disc fine, not at all prominent; protibiae as long as profemora ; post-tibiae with apical teeth moderately short, not strongly splayed out ; post- tibial spur with about 22 teeth. Anal segment of ¢ short. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening slightly longer than broad ; no medioventral process present. Type-species, [zella triopas sp. n. This genus may possibly prove to be most readily recognizable by the strong characters of the genitalia in both sexes. These apart, its members may be recog- nized by the combined characters of a narrow flat frons, a long rostrum, a relatively long pronotum with carinae nearly reaching the hind margin, and a convex granulate mesonotum with very fine carinae. The general build is comparatively stout. Izella triopas sp. n. (Text-figs. 146-153) Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (1-3 : 1) obtusely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae a little prominent, Y-shaped carina feeble, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-4: 1) and than median length (1-6: 1), frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-9: 1), 42 R. G. FENNAH widest near middle, lateral margins shallowly arcuate, median carina prominent, rather coarse, forked at extreme base, clypeus at base very slightly wider than frons at apex, its median carina as strongly developed as that of frons, postclypeal disc longer than broad at base (nearly 1-2: 1), in profile rather strongly convex, anteclypeus in profile moderately curved caudad so that entire clypeus in profile is rather strongly convex; rostrum long, surpassing meso-trochanters, and nearly attaining post-trochanters ; antennae reaching almost to level of apex of post-clypeus, basal segment longer than broad (1-5: 1), second segment longer than first (nearly 1-5: 1). Ocelli obsolete, represented only by ascar. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1-1: 1), lateral carinae strongly concave, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with 22 teeth. Fuscous-piceous ; carinae of frons and clypeus, posterior half of pronotum, posterior margin of ninth tergum, dorsal margin and lateral margins of pygofer, and anal style, stramineous to creamy white; antennae and legs testaceous, post-tibiae and mesotibiae distally paler ; first valvifers of ovipositor rather broadly ochraceous on mesal border. Metafemora fuscous. Teg- mina (brachypterous) castaneous-piceous, posterior margin broadly creamy-white. Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, lateroapical angles each produced ventrad in a broad rather short spinose process. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening slightly longer than broad, dorsolateral angles not or only feebly produced, lateral margins strongly sinuate ; diaphragm with dorsal margin moderately broad, distinctly produced caudad at middle in a knob-like process flattened on its upper surface; medioventral process absent. Aedeagus moderately long, porrect caudad, serrate on both margins, orifice ventrally at apex. Genital styles moder- ately long, sinuate, inner margins parallel in basal half, strongly concave distally, exterior margin strongly convex distally, apical angle acute, directed mesad. 146 Fics. 146-153. Izella triopas sp. n. 146, Frons and clypeus; 147, head and thorax, dorsal view; 148, head in profile; 149, g genitalia, posterior view; 150, anal segment of g, left side; 151, median part of upper margin of diaphragm, posterolateral view from left; 152, aedeagus, left side, 153, genital style. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 43 Pregenital sternite of 9 a little produced caudad at middle in a shallowly convex lobe, deflexed at margin. First valvifers of ovipositor each strongly produced mesad in an acutely angulate lobe, of which the apical portion is shallowly reflected. $ (brachypterous): length, 2:1 mm. @ (brachypterous) : length, 3:2 mm. Holotype 3, NEw GuINEA: Central Highlands, Daulo Pass, c. 8,000 ft., 20-22. viii. 56 (IT. E. Woodward), in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Paratypes, same data, 3 9. THRASYMEMNON Gen. n. Vertex longer medially than broad at base (about 1-3: 1), subrectangularly rounding into frons, slightly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight or shallowly concave, apical margin transverse with submedian carinae moderately prominent, Y-shaped carina present, submedian carinae not uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (approxi- mately 2-5: 1), widest near middle, lateral margins shallowly arcuate, median carina forked in basal half ; postclypeal disc rather longer than broad at base, in profile weakly convex ; rostrum surpassing mesotrochanters, almost attaining post-trochanters ; antennae slightly surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment twice as long as broad, second segment longer than first (about 1-7: 1); ocelli prominent. Pronotum with disc slightly longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight or weakly convex, almost attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with about 16 teeth, including one at apex. Anal segment of ¢ short, lateroapical angles indistinct, not produced in a process. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening distinctly longer dorsoventrally than broad, ventral margin produced caudad in a process medially ; diaphragm broad. Type-species, Delphax kaha Kirkaldy. Thrasymemnon kaha (Kirkaldy) comb. n. (Text-figs. 154-158) Delphax kaha Kirkaldy, 1907 : 158. AUSTRALIA : Queensland, Tambourine Mts., 1 3g, 18-25.v.35 (R. E. Turner) B.M. 1935-240. Muir (1917d : 328) placed this species in Megamelus, a delphacine genus defined at that time largely by the proportions of the vertex and the direction of the lateral discal carinal of the pronotum. The ¢ genitalic structure of D. kaha, however, is entirely different from that of Megamelus notula Germar (type-species of Megamelus) and its allies, and the ocelli are well developed, not feeble. In superficial appearance D. kaha resembles a Sardia or Sogatodes, but the rostrum is distinctly longer than in either, and the structure of the vertex differs markedly from that of the former. From Matutinus the present genus is readily distinguishable by the form of the spur, which has teeth in a single row with a separated and well developed apical tooth : the latter is obsolete or weak in Matutinus and the teeth are usually arranged in two staggered rows. 44 R. G. FENNAH Figs. 154-158. Thrasymemnon kaha (Kirkaldy). 154, Frons and clypeus; 155, vertex and pronotum; 156, headin profile; 157, antenna; 158, tegmen. SARDIA Melichar Melichar, 1903b: 96. Haplotype, Sardia rostrata Melichar, 1903b : 96. Sardia rostrata pluto (Kirkaldy) stat. n. Hadeodelphax pluto Kirkaldy, 1906c : 313. AUSTRALIA: S.E. Queensland, Bell Bunya Rd., 2 g, 4 9, 11.vili.55 (IT. E. Wood- ward) ; Brisbane, I 9, I0.iii.46 (R. Simmons) ; I 3g, 3.xi.57 (P. C. Kerridge) ; 1 3, 4.iv.50 (W. Jones), I 2, 4.11.55. (B.R. Grant); I 3,1 9, 31.11.56 (Kirkpatrick), I g, 9.iv.56. (T. E. Woodward) ; Cleveland, i 9, r0.iii.57 (N. Yarrow) ; Queensland, 5 miles from Kingarry, I 3, 5.vi.59 (£. Exley) ; Northern Territory, Glen Ormiston, I nymph, 18.vili.59 (FE. M. Exley) ; Queensland, Lamington Nat. Pk., I 9, 27.v.59 (F. R. Perkins) ; Lawes, 2 3, 6.xii.56, 8.1.57 (W. F. Wildin) ; Nosman, I 4, 12.x1. 58 (I. Resaeva) B.M. 1960-203. The writer has examined material of both sexes of rostrata from Ceylon (the type locality of this species), of pluto from Queensland, and of populations from India, Pakistan, Saigon, Cocos Id., New Britain, and Sunday Id., and cannot find any clear- cut line of division to suggest the existence of two species. The most obvious difference between the population in Ceylon and that in Queensland is the length of the vertex, but a range of intermediate stages has been found in areas more or less intervening. Sardia persephone (Kirkaldy) (Text-figs. 159-162) Liburnia fumipennis Melichar, 1903b: 97 (preoccupied by Liburnia fumipennis Fieber, 1872a : 6), Syn. n, DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 45 Hadeodelphax persephone Kirkaldy, 1907d : 141. Sardia pronotalis Distant, 1916a: 141, Syn. n. AUSTRALIA : Lawes, I 9, ili.53 (R. M. Beames). bt ae I59 Fics. 159-162. Sardia persephone (Kirkaldy). 159, Frons and clypeus ; 160, vertex and pronotum; 161, headin profile; 162, tegmen (apical portion incomplete). SOGATODES Fennah Fennah, 1963: 71. Orthotype, Sogatodes molinus Fennah, op. cit. : 72. Sogatodes nicias sp. n. (Text-figs. 163-170) Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (1-4 : 1), subacutely rounding into frons, almost as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae slightly prominent, Y-shaped carina feeble, only its anterior arms distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-4: 1) and than median length (1-7: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2-4 : 1), widest in distal half, lateral margins constricted between eyes, then parallel to frontoclypeal suture, median carina simple, clypeus at base little, if at all, wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile very shallowly convex, almost straight, anteclypeus in profile moderately convex, so that entire clypeus in profile is rather shallowly convex; antennae attaining frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1:8: 1), second segment longer than first (1:6: 1). Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-4: 1) lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum longer than that of mesoscutellum (about 2:7: 1). Post-tibial spur with 25-26 teeth. Fuscous ; carinae of frons and clypeus, vertex, most of disc and lateral lobes of pronotum, disc of mesonotum and mesoscutellum and posterior margin of pygofer dorsally, creamy-white ; 46 R. G. FENNAH disc of clypeus between carinae, antennae, fore and middle legs, light testaceous ; hind legs stramineous or sordid white. Tegmina hyaline, most of corium and posterior half of membrane suffused fuscous, veins concolorous. Wings milky hyaline with fuscous veins. Anal segment of ¢ short, ring-like, lateroapical angles each strongly produced ventrocephalad in a short stout spinose process, flattened laterally. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening ovate, longer dorsoventrally than broad, dorsolateral angles not produced caudad, lateral margins oblique, diaphragm moderately broad, produced caudad in median portion, with dorsal margin elevated at middle ; no medioventral process developed. Aedeagus tubular, sinuately tapering to acuminate apex. Genital styles short, twisted at middle, slightly expanded distally, inner apical angle acute, outer apical angle bluntly rounded. 3d: length, 2-3 mm., tegmen, 3: mm. @: length, 2-4 mm., tegmen, 3:2 mm. Holotype 3, NEw GuinEA: W. Highlands, Al Valley, c. 6,000 ft., 25. viii.56 (7. E. Woodward), in Queensland Museum. Paratype, Ir 9, same data. This species is referred provisionally to Sogatodes on account of the shape of the head and the structure of most elements of the ¢ genitalia. It is distinguished from other species of the genus by the shape of the armature of the diaphragm, in which it agrees only with Sogata anomala Muir. From this species it is separated by the short genital styles and the pattern of spinose ornamentation on the aedeagus. Sogatodes eupompe (Kirkaldy) comb. n. Delphax eupompe Kirkaldy, 1907d : 150. AUSTRALIA : Queensland, Babinda, 1 g, 11.x.35 (R. W. Mungomery). 167 70 Fics. 163-170. Sogatodes nicias sp. n. 163, Frons and clypeus; 164, vertex and pro- notum; 165, head in profile; 166, g genitalia, posterior view; 167, anal segment of 6, left side; 168, diaphragm of pygofer; 169, aedeagus, left side; 170, genital style. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 47 CORONACELLA Metcalf Metcalf, 1950 : 59. Orthotype, Coronacella kirkaldyi (Muir), 19174: 329. (= C. bella Metc.) Coronacella kirkaldyi (Muir) AUSTRALIA : Queensland, Cairns, 2 J, viii.1904, B.M. 1942-95. The two males before the writer show interesting differences that for their inter- pretation require the study of further material. In one, the frons is relatively longer than in the other, and the clypeus is distinctly carinate medially, and the carina, like the lateral carinae, is creamy white. In the other the clypeus is ecarinate medially, and the disc is infuscate, only the lateral carinae being pale. The ¢ genitalia of the former specimen agree generally with those of the second, but all elements appear to be a little longer. SOGATELLA Fennah Fennah, 1956: 471. Orthotype, Delphax furcifera Horvath. Sogatella kolophon (Kirkaldy) Delphax kolophon Kirkaldy, 1907d : 157. AUSTRALIA : Brisbane, I 3, 24.1i1.55 (D. Greenhill), 1 9, 10. xii.55 (W. F. Wildin), 2 3, 19.11.54 (K. L. S. Harley), t 3, iv.54 (R. Domrow), r g, 12.x.56 (J. Martin) ; S. Queensland, Lamington Nat. Pk., 1 mutilated specimen, 4.v.56 (I. G. Yeo) ; Mog- gil, 2 9, 7.v.55, sweeping grass (T. E. Woodward) ; Queensland, Mackay (c. 100 m. S.), Lotus Creek, 1 9, 2.vi.56, on grasses (J. C. Yeo) ; Redland Bay, 1 g, 20.iii.54 (G. Hooper) ; Numinbah, 1 9, 20.iv.35; Yeerongpilly, 3 g, 6.xi.39, from lucerne (W. A. Smith) ; Running Ck., r gf, 7 9, 15.iv.41 (A. W. Smith) ; Ashton Pk., near Nosman, I 4, 16.xii.59 (N. Nickitin) B.M. 1960-203. Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) Delphax furcifera Horvath, 1899a : 372. AUSTRALIA : Northern Territory, Humpty Doo, 2 J, I 9, 12.iv.62 (S. J. Lt). Sogatella longifurcifera (Esaki & Ishihara) Delphacodes longifurcifera Esaki and Ishihara, 1947 : 41. AUSTRALIA: Lockyer, 1 ¢ (damaged), 24.vii.39, on lucerne (Dept. of Agric.). This ¢ is tentatively assigned to this species. Its coloration is more intense and the medioventral process of the pygofer more distinct than in specimens of this species from Formosa. 48 R. G. FENNAH SYNDELPHAX Fennah Fennah, 1963: 15. Orthotype, Delphax matanitu Kirkaldy. Syndelphax matanitu (Kirkaldy) Delphax matanitu Kirkaldy, 1907d : 155. AUSTRALIA: Queensland, Ayr, I g, 1.xii.54 (G. Saunders). CORBULO é€en. n. Vertex as long medially as broad at base, or a little longer than broad, obtusely angulately rounding into frons, about as wide at apex as at base, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae weakly prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-5: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 2:2 : 1), widest near middle, lateral margins convex, median carina simple ; clypeus at base scarcely wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, rostrum not quite reaching to post-trochanters ; antennae not or scarcely attaining level of frontoclypeal suture, basal segment about as long as broad, second segment longer than first (about 1-8: 1); ocelli rather small but distinct, blemmata distinct. Pronotum slightly wider than head (with eyes), disc in middle line as long as broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur thin, tectiform with about 20 minute teeth. Anal segment of gj moderately short, collar-like, two spinose processes arising apically, directed ventrad. Pygofer moderately short, with posterior opening longer dorsoventrally than broad or as long as broad, diaphragm moderately narrow. Genital styles rather short. Type-species, Delphax dilpa Kirkaldy, 1907d : 162. This genus is distinguishable by the combination of characters shown in the synopsis. From Coronacella it can be distinguished most readily by its distinctly coarser build. This is most evident in the structure of the hind leg, where, in Corbulo, the tibia is not greatly longer than the femur, and the spines at its apex are large and splayed-out, whereas the opposite conditions are found in Coronacella. Corbulo dilpa (Kirkaldy) Delphax dilpa Kirkaldy, 1907d : 162. NEw ZEALAND: Auckland, Waitangi Est., 1 g, 18-19.xi.51 (7. E. Woodward) ; HE 4 3 Paddock, 1 g; Rotorua, Hannah’s Bay, 1 g, I 9, 4.ii.51 (T. E. Woodward). AUSTRALIA : Queensland, Lam. Nat. Pk., 1 g, 25.v.49 (F. A. Perkins) ; Lockhart, R. Mission, 1 3, 8.vi.56, sweeping grass and weeds (E. N. Marks) ; Eight M. Plns., I g, 14.iv.58 (F. R. From). Corbulo dodona sp. n. (Text-figs. 171-174) Kelisia paludum Kirkaldy ; Muir, 1917 : 310 (pars). Vertex as long medially as broad at base or slightly longer than broad. Subrectangularly- obtusely rounding into frons, slightly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight, DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 49 apical margin truncate with submedian carinae moderately prominent, Y-shaped carina moder- ately distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 1-5: 1) ; and than median length (1-8: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2:2: 1), widest at two thirds from base, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple ; clypeus at base only very little wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile very weakly convex, antecly- peus in profile weakly convex ; entire clypeus in profile shallowly convex ; rostrum surpassing mesotrochanters, but not attaining post-trochanters; antennae slightly surpassing fronto- clypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1:6: 1), second segment longer than first (1-8: 1); ocelli distinct, of moderate size. Pronotum with disc slightly longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-1: 1), lateral carinae weakly concave, not attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum greater than that of scutellum (2-4: 1). Post-tibial spur with about 19 teeth. Fuscous ; vertex, disc and hind margin of pronotum, carinae of frons and clypeus, basal seg- ment of rostrum, ventrites at posterolateral angles, and dorsal angles of pygofer, pallid yellow or creamy white ; apical segment of rostrum, antennae and legs testaceous. Tegmina hyaline, with very dilute fuscous suffusion, veins fuscous, a linear spot between common claval vein and commissural margin dark fuscous, the margin pallid just basad of this. Holotype 3, AUSTRALIA: Deception Bay, 25.iii.54 (Y. B. Bert), in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Paratypes, Lamington National Park, 1 g, 25.v.59 (F. A. Perkins) ; Moggil, I g, 27.vi.54 (G. Hooper) ; Brisbane, i J, ili.57 (N. McKenna). The ¢ genitalia of this species have been figured by Muir and very closely resemble those of Hawaiian Kelisia paludum Kirk., to which Muir (loc. cit.) was satisfied that this Australian and eastern Asiatic species should be referred. The two species are separable by the size of the ocelli, the form of the head and the slope of the lateral pronotal carinae. The Fijian form that Muir considered to be annectant between the Hawaiian and Australasian populations is a more heavily built insect with dark coloration and minute ocelli that are not greatly more distinct than the blemmata. SULIX gen. n. Species of robust build. Vertex longer submedially than broad at base, if only slightly so, subacutely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, rather coarsely carinate, apical margin transverse or slightly convex, with submedian carinae moder- ately prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (approximately 1:5: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 2 : 1), widest at level of lower margin of eyes, lateral margins distinctly convex, median carina simple ; clypeus at base slightly or even markedly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc about as long as broad at base, in profile convex, anteclypeus in profile evenly curved caudad, so that entire clypeus in profile is moderately convex ; rostrum surpassing mesotrochanters ; antennae a little surpassing fronto- clypeal suture, basal segment short, slightly longer than broad, second segment longer than first (about 2:1); ocelli small or obsolete. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae anteriorly straight, but curved laterad basally, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur tectiform, with about 18 teeth. Basal metarsal segment apically with seven or eight spines. Anal segment of $ with distal margin narrow at middle, otherwise rather broad. Pregenital sternite of 2 rather thick, produced ventrocaudad in a short narrowly-rounded finger-like lobe. 4 50 R. G. FENNAH Fics. 171-174. Corbulo dodona sp. n. 171, Frons and clypeus; 172, vertex and pro- notum, 173, head in profile; 174, ¢ genitalia, posterior view. Type-species, Sulix vetranto sp. n. This genus is distinguished by the combination of characters given in the key to genera. Its members are all of moderate size, with a vertex longer than broad, and with coarse carinae, a moderately long rostrum and small ocelli, or none. Sulix meridianalis (Muir) comb. n. Delphacodes meridianalis Muir, 1917d : 334. In this species the ocelli are small but distinct, and in the ¢ genitalia the dorso- lateral angles of the pygofer are inflected and acutely pointed; the diaphragm is narrow in its median portion and is inclined caudad from the ventral to the dorsal margin, and no vertical carina is developed in the middle line. NEw ZEALAND: Three Kings Group, Great Id., East Point, cliff slopes, on and under Poa anceps, 9 3, II 9, 4.1.51 (T. E. Woodward), 1 3, 22, 21 (J. S. Edwards) ; Great Id., Castaway Stream, I 9, 10.i.51, on sedges (T. E. Woodward) ; Great Id., Bald Hill, 1 9, 12.1.51, on grasses and rushes (7. E. Woodward) ; Great Id., Tasman valley, east side, r 9, 12.1.5, on grasses and sedges (T. E. Woodward) ; S.W. Id. DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 51 I Q, 3.1.51, on grasses (7. E. Woodward) ; Wellington, Titahi Bay, 5 3, 59, I.ii.51, on grasses, sedges and rushes (7. E. Woodward); Manawatu, Foxton, I 3, 4 9, 28.1.51, in sand dunes, on Scirpus frondosus (T. E. Woodward). Sulix insecutor sp. n. (Text-figs. 175-181) Vertex longer submedially than broad at base (1-2 : 1), subacutely rounding into frons, rather narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins feebly sinuate or straight, apical margin truncate with submedian carinae narrowly prominent, Y-shaped carina weak but distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-7 : 1) and than median length (1-8: 1) ; frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2:3: 1) ; widest at about two-fifths from base, lateral margins shallowly arcuate, median carina simple or narrowly forked at extreme base ; clypeus at base not wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile straight, anteclypeus in profile moderately convex, separated from postclypeus by a shallow transverse sulcus, so that entire clypeus in profile is shallowly sinuately convex. Rostrum slightly surpassing mesotro- chanters. Antennae reaching to frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1-8 : 1), second segment longer than first (1°6:1). Ocelli obsolete. Pronotum with disc longer in W7 I75 He 79 Fics. 175-181. Sulix insecutoy sp. n. 175, Frons and clypeus; 176, head and thorax, dorsal view; 177, head in profile; 178, g$ genitalia, posterior view; 179, median portion of diaphragm; 180, aedeagus, left side; 181, genital style. 4§ 52 R. G. FENNAH middle line than broad at anterior margin (1-2: 1), lateral carinae straight or weakly concave, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with 17 teeth. Anal segment of ¢ short, broader than long, lateroapical angles moderately separated, each produced ventrad in a slender spinose process. Pygofer longer ventrally than dorsally, posterior opening as broad as long; dorsolateral angles not produced, broadly rounded and very weakly inflected, diaphragm moderately narrow with dorsal margin strongly convex in its middle portion, and with a fine but distinct vertical carina medially ; medioventral process absent. Aedeagus moderately long, tubular, in lateral view with dorsal margin abruptly elevated in basal quarter ; about nine very small teeth laterally in the middle ; orifice on ventral surface subapically. Genital styles moderately long, rather narrow, sinuately diverging from base and tapering to apical quarter, where each expands and curves slightly mesad; apical margin shallowly concave, with inner and outer angles subacutely produced. 6 (brachypterous) : length, 3-4 mm. Holotype g, NEw ZEALAND: Paiaka (Man.) H.E. 41, 4.1.50 (R. A. Cumber), in collection of the Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson. Paratype, Paiaka (Man.) H.E. 41, 1 J, 4.1.50 (R. A. Cumber). This species is near to S. meridianalis Muir, but is distinguishable by the dorso- lateral angles of the pygofer not being acute or pointed, by the median portion of the diaphragm being strongly convex dorsally, vertical, and medially carinate, as opposed to weakly convex, obliquely inclined ventrocephalad and medially ecarinate, and by the strongly sinuate and tapering form of the genital styles. The species may be separated by the ocelli, which are obsolete or represented only by a scar in the present species, but present, though small, in S. meridianalis. Sulix tasmani (Muir) comb. n. Delphacodes tasmani Muir, 19231: 258. In this species the intercarinal areas of the frons are usually dark fuscous, and the lateral ocelli distinct. In the ¢ genitalia, the lateroapical spinose processes of the anal segment are widely separated and the dorsolateral angles of the pygofer are not inflected. NEW ZEALAND: Manawatu, Paiaka, I 3, 4.1.50 (7. E. Woodward) ; HE 7 RS, 7, 10, 31, 46, 57, 58, 6 J, 2 2, 2 mutilated specimens, nymph ; HE7 48 Paddock, 2 3, 1 9; N. Auckland, near Kaikohe, Punakitere, 3 g, I 9, ii.52 (T. E. Woodward) ; Hauraki Gulf, Little Barrier Id., 9 g, 13 9, II.xii.50, on grasses and sedges (T. E. Woodward) ; Little Barrier Id., Te Titoki Point, 1 9, 25.xi.54, swept at bush margin, (R. A. Harrison) ; Ohakura, 1 3g, 1923 (T. R. Harris) ; Whangarei, 1 g, 12.xi.23 (J. G. Myers) ; Mangonui, Paiaka, HE 41, 6 g, 2 9, 11-14, II. 49, 4, 30.i.50, 12.ii. 50, 16.i1.51 (R. A. Cumber); Wellington, Ngahuaranga Gorge, 1 9, I.vii.5r (T. E. Woodward) ; Coromandel Pen., Cape Colville, Te Hope, Moehau Track, 1 3, 1 9, 17 .1.52, grass sward ; Cape Colville, Otautu area, 2 J, 22, 16.1.52 (T. E. Woodward) ; Manawatu, Foxton, I 4, 6 9, 5.i.50 (T. E. Woodward) ; Rotorua, Whaka, 3 2, 5.11.52 (J. E. Woodward) ; W. Spirits Bay r 9, 25.i1.50, on small-leaved Muehlen- beckia (T. E. Woodward). DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 53 Sulix vetranio sp. n. (Text-figs. 182-187) Vertex scarcely longer submedially than broad at base (not quite 1-1 : 1), subacutely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin transverse with submedian carinae moderately prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1:5 : 1) and than median length (2:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2: 1), widest near middle, lateral margins distinctly convex, median carina simple; clypeus at base markedly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile convex, anteclypeus in profile evenly curved caudad so that entire clypeus in profile is moderately convex ; rostrum surpassing mesotrochanters but not attaining post-trochanters ; antennae a little sur- passing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment short, a little longer than broad, second segment longer than first (about 2:1); ocelli small. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (nearly 1-6: 1), lateral carinae distally straight, weakly curved laterad basally, not attaining hind margin. Post-tibial spur with 18 teeth. Stramineous ; a slight suffusion on coxae, abdominal terga anteriorly towards lateral margins, and ¢ genitalia except posterior margin of pygofer, castaneous ; distal part of genital styles more yellowish-brown. Tegmina castaneous, entire margin stramineous. Anal segment of ¢ collar-like, lateroapical angles moderately close together, each produced ventrad in a stout spinose process. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening broader than long, dorsolateral angles not produced, very weakly developed and inflected, diaphragm with dorsal margin deeply excavate, narrow medially, devoid of ornamentation, medioventral process absent. Genital styles rather long, directed mainly dorsad, approximately of equal width throughout, with inner margin slightly more concave than outer, and weakly produced mesad in a quadrate lobe in distal fifth ; apical margin truncate, outer apical angle acute. dé: length, 3-0mm. @: length, 3-5 mm. Holotype 3, NEw ZEALAND: Manawatu, Foxton, 28.i.51, sand dunes, on Scirpits frondosus (T. E. Woodward), in Dominion Museum, Wellington. 185 187 Fics. 182-187. Sulix vetvranio sp. n. 182, Frons and clypeus; 183, head and thorax, dorsal view; 184, headinprofile; 185, $ genitalia, leftside; 186, J genitalia, posterior view; 187, median portion of diaphragm. 54 R. G. FENNAH Paratypes, 3 3, 4 2, same data, in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. This species is distinguished by the postclypeus being very markedly wider than the apical margin of the frons. The ¢ genitalia are generally similar to those of S. meridianalis, but the two species are different in the shape of the head and in coloration. EUMETOPINA Breddin Breddin, 1896a : 109. Haplotype, Eumetopina kruegert Breddin, loc. cit. Gelastodelphax Kirkaldy, 1906c : 411, Syn. n. Eumetopina histrionica (Kirkaldy) comb. n. Gelastodelphax histrionicus Kirkaldy, 1906c : 411. Post-tibial spur with about eleven teeth. AUSTRALIA : Victoria (S.E.), Bonang, 9.i.55 (7. E. Woodward). Eumetopina bicornis sp. n. (Text-figs. 188-191) Vertex as long submedially as broad at base, subacutely rounding into frons, only very slightly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins distinctly concave, apical margin transverse- convex with submedian carinae not at all prominent, Y-shaped carina with only distal arms distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-6: 1) and than median length (1-8: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (1-4: 1), widest at one-fifth from base, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple ; clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, a little depressed below level of frons, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile shallowly convex, anteclypeus in profile almost straight, so that entire clypeus in profile is very shallowly convex ; rostrum attaining mesotrochanters, apical segment about equal to subapical ; antennae moderately surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (2:1), second segment longer than first (2-2 : 1), ocelli distinct. Pronotum with disc longer in middle line than broad at anterior margin (nearly 2 : 1), lateral carinae almost straight, not attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum longer than that of scutellum (nearly 1-8:1). Post-tibial spur with 25-30 minute teeth. Castaneous-piceous ; distal two-thirds of frons and genae, second antennal segment, except for a longitudinal band, a broad band along hind margin of pronotum, apex of mesoscutellum, and hind legs, pallid stramineous ; clypeus, tegulae, fore and middle legs and abdominal ventrites marginally, pale orange-yellow. Tegmina milky hyaline, apical margin infumed fuscous from apex of tegmen to apex of clavus, veins concolorous. Wings milky hyaline, with pale yellowish brown veins. Anal segment of ¢ moderately long, rectangulately deflexed in distal half, apical margin strongly produced at middle in an elongate triangular process. Pygofer moderately long, pos- terior opening a little longer than broad, dorsolateral angles rather weakly produced, obtuse in lateral view, diaphragm developed only at sides, median transverse portion absent ; posterior margin of pygofer ventrally with a stout spinose process, flattened above and porrect caudad, on each side of middle line. Aedeagus narrowly tubular, porrect caudad, a slender spinose process arising on left at apex directed ventrocephalad, a stouter spinose process arising on right at apex, DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 55 I9| Fics. 188-191. Eumetopina bicornis sp.n. 188, Frons and clypeus ; 189, head and thorax, dorsal view; 190, head in profile; 191, ¢ genitalia, posterior view. directed to right. Genital styles moderately long and narrow, diverging only little, with dorsal margin straight and ventral margin shallowly convex, apical margin short, oblique. Anal segment, pygofer posteriorly and genital styles distally with rather long and stout setae. 6: length, 4.0 mm., tegmen, 4:3 mm. Holotype 3, NEw GUINEA: Central Highlands, Daulo Pass, 7,300 ft.—8,000 ft., 20-22.vili.56 (J. E. Woodward), in Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Paratypes, Gomanigu Valley, c. 3 miles S.W. of Mt. Otto, c. 7,300 ft., r g, 1 9, 16-18 .iii.56 (7. E. Woodward). This species is separable in the ¢ from all others of the genus by the presence of a single pair of stout spinose processes ventrally on the hind margin of the pygofer. The male of Eumetopina histrionica (Kirk.) possesses similar, but longer, processes, but be- tween them lies a second pair of short stout processes, of which there is no trace in E. bicormis. In both sexes the present species is also distinguishable by details of bodily and tegminal coloration. TERTHRON Gen. n. Vertex as long medially as broad at base, subacutely rounding into frons, as wide at apex as at base, lateral margins straight or feebly concave, apical margin transverse with submedian carinae very feebly prominent, Y-shaped carina weakly present, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (about 2:1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2: 1), widest at middle, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple, clypeus at base very slightly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile very feebly convex, almost straight, entire clypeus in profile moderately convex ; rostrum rather short, surpassing mesotrochanters but not attaining post-trochanters ; antennae attaining level of frontoclypeal suture or slightly 56 R. G. FENNAH surpassing it, basal segment distinctly longer than broad, second segment longer than first (about 1*5: 1); ocelli distinct, blemmata present. Pronotum with disc about as long in middle line as broad at anterior margin, lateral carinae straight, not quite attaining hind margin, not directed towards tegulae, but farther mesad. Post-tibial spur thin, shallowly tectiform with about twenty teeth. Type-species, Delphax anemonias Kirkaldy. Members of this genus resemble those of Toya, but differ in having the following combination of characters ; the lateral carinae of the pronotal disc do not extend towards the tegulae and, if they were produced, would reach the hind margin ; the first valvulae of the ovipositor are long and narrow and arise from the base of the abdomen, which, in ventral view, is narrowly triangular; the ¢ genitalic pattern is close to that of the type-species. The species so far included possess a narrow white median stripe from the vertex to the apex of the mesoscutellum and a white commis- sural margin on the tegmina. In addition to the type-species, Terthron includes Delphacodes albovittata Mats., (1931a: 1268). The gender of the generic name is neuter. Terthron anemonias (Kirkaldy) Delphax anemonias Kirkaldy, 1907d : 159. AUSTRALIA: Queensland, Carmila, 1 9, 8.v.27, 6729. In this species a narrow pale stripe extends along the dorsal edge of the femora, and the veins in the tegminal membrane are light yellowish brown. TOYA Distant Distant, 19061 : 472. Orthotype, Toya attenuata Distant. Toya propinqua (Fieber) comb. n. Delphax propinqua Fieber, 1866b : 525. AUSTRALIA : Brisbane, I 3, 9.iv.56 (I. E. Woodward). Toya dryope (Kirkaldy) comb. n. Delphax dryope Kirkaldy, 1907d : 154. NEW ZEALAND: N. Auckland, Waitangi Est., 24 3, 25 9, 7 mutilated specimens, 1 nymph, r8-19.xi.51 (T. E. Woodward) ; 17 3,6 9, HE 4, I, 15, 24, 28 Paddock, 1, 3, 4t Road; Paihia, 7 J, 4 2, r mutilated specimen, ii.53 (R. A. Cumber). AUSTRALIA : Lockyer, 14 J, 2 9, 24.viii.39 (Dept. of Agric.) ; Brisbane, 1 3, 2 9, at light (H. Jarvis) ; Bolingbroke, 2 3, 22.v.27; five miles from Kingaroy, 1 4, 3.vi.59 (E. Bernays) ; Bald Hills, x 3, 24.iii.54 (K. L. S. Harley) ; Yeerongpilly, 2 3, 6.xi.39, from lucerne (W. A. Smith). DELPHACIDAE FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 57 Toya euonymus sp n. (Text-figs. 192-199) Vertex shorter submedially than broad at base (about I : 1:2), obtusely rounding into frons, slightly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight, apical margin truncate, with submedian carinae very weakly prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compartment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (2: 1) and than median length (2-5: 1); frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (2:2: 1), widest at two-fifths from base, lateral margins very feebly convex, median carina simple, or forked at extreme base ; clypeus at base distinctly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc longer than broad at base (nearly 1-2: 1), in profile moderately convex, anteclypeus in profile very shallowly convex, so that entire clypeus in profile is shallowly convex ; rostrum short, attaining meso-trochanters; antennae distinctly surpassing frontoclypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1:6: 1), second segment longer than first (2: 1) ; ocelli distinct. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (about 1 : 1°3), lateral carinae weakly concave, not attaining hind margin. Total length of mesonotum longer than that of scutellum (about 2:6: 1). Post-tibial spur with 19 teeth. Fuscous ; carinae of head and pronotum, antennae, clypeus, rostrum, tegulae, mesonotum at lateral angles and along posterior margin, and legs, testaceous; posterior margin of pronotum broadly white. Tegmina hyaline, veins very dilute testaceous, almost concolorous. Wings hyaline with dilute testaceous veins. Anal segment of 3 very short, ring-like, lateroapical angles rather closely approximated, each produced ventrad in a long slender spinose process. Pygofer moderately long, posterior opening as broad as long, dorsolateral angles not produced, diaphragm with dorsal margin deeply concave, very narrow at middle, where dorsal margin is produced in a pair of small acutely angulate lobes; medioventral process absent. Aedeagus moderately long, tubular, slightly we I96 195 Fics. 192-199. Toya euonymus sp. n. 192, Frons and clypeus; 193, head and thorax, dorsal view; 194, head in profile; 195, ¢ genitalia, posterior view; 196, anal seg- ment of ¢, left side; 197, median portion of diaphragm; 198, aedeagus, left side ; 199, genital style. 58 R. G. FENNAH broader in basal two-fifths than in distal three-fifths, orifice at apex, its lower lip produced caudad in an acuminate lobe ; aedeagus otherwise without ornamentation. Genital styles long, flattened and rather broad, slightly expanding distad, apical margin oblique, inner margin at base a little produced caudad. 6: length, 3-0 mm., tegmen, 3:1 mm. Holotype 3, AUSTRALIA: South-east Queensland, Tambourine Mts., 11-18 .iv.35 (R. E. Turner) B.M. 1935—240, in B.M. (N.H.). Paratype, Miva, r g,i.51 (Lipsett). This species is distinguished by the proportions of the head, bodily coloration, and the structure of the ¢ genitalia. Toya lazulis (Kirkaldy) comb. n. Delphax lazulis Kirkaldy, 1907d : 155. Delphacodes lazulis (Kirkaldy) Muir, 1917d : 333. AUSTRALIA : Queensland, five miles from Kingaroy, I g, 3.vi.59 (E. Bernays). REFERENCES EsakI, T. & ISHIHARA, T. 1947. Species nova vel minus cognita Araeopidarum Japonicarum (Hemiptera). Mushi 17 : 39-42. FENNAH, R.G. 1956. Fulgoroidea from Southern China. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (4) 28: 441- 527. 1963. The Delphacid species-complex known as Sogata furcifera (Horvath) (Homoptera : Fulgoroidea). Bull. ent. Res. 54 : 45-79. 1964. Delphacidae from Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands (Homoptera : Fulgoroidea). Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 116 : 131-150. MeEtTcaLF, Z. P. 1943. General Catalogue of the Hemiptera. Fasc. IV Fulgoroidea, Pt. 3 Araeopidae pp. 1-552. 1950. Homoptera from the Caroline Islands. Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus. 20, No. 5: 59-76. White, F. B. 1878. List of the Hemiptera of New Zealand. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 14: 274-277. ZIMMERMAN, FE. C. 1948. Insects of Hawaii 4. Homoptera: Auchenorhyncha pp. I-vii, 1-268. Univ. Hawaii Press, Honolulu. Acrodelphax, 5, 38 Anchodelphax, 5, 34 ancon, Temenites, 15 anderida, Thymalops, 20 Anectopia, 6 anemonias, Terthron, 56 Aplanodes, 5, 21 australiae, Aplanodes, 22 bicornis, Eumetopina, 54 caelatus, Ugyops, 7 Cemus, 4, 18 cicatrifrons, Eorissa, 30 Corbulo, 6, 48 Coronacella, 6, 47 darwini, Haplodelphax, 33 dilpa, Corbulo, 48 dodona, Corbulo, 48 dryas, Tropidocephala, 13 dryope, Toya, 56 Eorissa, 5, 28 erosus, Notohyus, 23 Eumetopina, 6, 54 euonymus, Toya, 57 eupompe, Sogatodes, 46 euronotianus, Haplodelphax, 32 eximia, Tropidocephala, 13 furcifera, Sogatella, 47 Gelastodelphax, 54 Haerinella, 4, 13 hagnon, Anchodelphax, 36 Haplodelphax, 5, 31 histrionica, Eumetopina, 54 insecutor, Sulix, 51 ithoma, Notogryps, 28 iuncicola, Haplodelphax, 32 Izella, 5, 41 kaha, Thrasymemnon, 43 kirkaldyi, Cemus, 19 kirkaldyi, Coronacella, 47 kolophon, Sogatella, 47 lazulis, Toya, 58 longifurcifera, Sogatella, 47 lugens, Nilaparvata, 24 macleayi, Pseudembolophora, 12 maidis, Peregrinus, 18 matanitu, Syndelphax, 48 melanthus, Notogryps, 26 INDEX Synonyms printed in italics. meridianalis, Sulix, 50 Micromasoria, 7, 12 musgravei, Ugyops, 10 myersi, Nilaparvata, 25 nicias, Sogatodes, 45 Nilaparvata, 5, 24 Notogryps, 5, 26 Notohyus, 5, 22 olenus, Anchodelphax, 35 Paracona subgen. of Ugyops, 4, I1 Peliades, 4, 17 pelorus, Ugyops, 11 Peregrinus, 4, 18 Perkinsiella, 4, 16 persephone, Sardia, 44 Phacalastor, 4, 17 phyllocnemis, Peliades, 18 propinqua, Toya, 56 proserpina australis, Tarophagus, 37 Proterosydne, 5 Pseudembolophora, 4, 12 pseudomaidis, Phacalastor, 17 raouli, Ugyops, 12 rhadamanthus, Ugyops, 9 rostrata pluto, Sardia, 44 saccharicida, Perkinsiella, 17 saeva, Haerinella, 14 Sardia, 5, 44 Smicrotatodelphax, 5 Sogata, 6 Sogatella, 6, 47 Sogatodes, 6, 45 Stenocranus, 5 Sulix, 6, 49 Syndelphax, 6, 48 Tarophagus, 5, 6, 37 tasmani, Sulix, 52 Temenites, 4, 15 Terthron, 6, 55 thimbron, Acrodelphax, 39 Thrasymemnon, 4, 43 Thymalops, 5, 20 Toya, 6, 56 triopas, Izella, 41 Tropidocephala, 4, 12 Ugyops, 4, 6 vetranio, Sulix, 53 59 ~ . . < Sy ’ ‘ “ PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BARTHOLOMEW PRESS, DORKING NYAS DIPTERA FROM NEPAL EMPIDIDAE KENNETH G. V. SMITH BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 2 LONDON: 1965 DIPTERA’ PROM. NEPAL EMPIDIDAE BY KENNETH G. V. SMITH XJ British Museum (Natural History) Pp. 61-112 ; 66 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 2 LONDON : 1965 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, 1s issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical series. Parts will appear at trregular intervals as they become veady. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. In 1965 a separate supplementary series of longer papers was instituted, numbered serially for each Department. This paper is Vol. 17, No. 2 of the Entomological series. The abbreviated titles of periodicals cited follow those of the World List of Scientific Periodicals. © Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History) 1965 LRUSTEERS. OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) Issued 23 September, 1965 Price £1 DIPTERA FROM NEPAL EMPIDIDAE By KENNETH G. V. SMITH CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION. 4 A : ; : ; : ; : : 63 Subfamily Tachydromiinae. : ; i é : é F (2105 Subfamily Hybotinae ; ; : : ? : : , Av wae Subfamily Ocydromiinae . : : : : ; . ; - 85 Subfamily Empidinae ; : : ; : ' ; . . 85 Subfamily Hemerodromiinae : : ; : ; ‘ , os 0 Subfamily Clinocerinae : , : : : 4 . 2 12-08 REFERENCES ' j ; . : ; : ? : F 2 SLLOO INDEX i ‘ ; : . : : : ; 3 ; pene 8 SYNOPSIS The Empididae collected on the 1954 and 1961-62 British Museum Expeditions to Nepal are systematically treated. Thirty-eight new species, 1 new subspecies, representing 18 genera are described and their relationships discussed. A lectotype is designated for Hemerodromia xiphias Bezzi. INTRODUCTION THIS paper is based mainly on material collected by Mr. R. L. Coe, entomologist on the 1961-62 British Museum (Natural History) Expedition to Eastern Nepal. Cold winds necessitated collecting in sheltered river valleys, which accounts for the bias towards groups with aquatic immature stages, e.g. Hemerodromiinae, Clino- cerinae and Hilara. The Empidinae, such a prominent feature of the Palaearctic fauna were poorly represented, but members of this subfamily normally appear later in the year when more flowers are out. Most of Brunetti’s (1913, 1920) Empidinae from the Indian Himalayas were captured during May—June. Mr. Coe’s interesting collection suggests faunistic links with the Nearctic, Oriental and Eastern Palae- arctic regions. A few specimens collected by Mr. J. Quinlan on the 1954 Expedition are also included. I thank Drs. W. N. Ellis and H. P. Duffels of the Zodlogisch Museum, Amsterdam and Dr. G. Petersen of the Deutsches Entomologische Institut, Berlin for the loan of type material, I thank Dr. T. Saigusa for a very useful exchange of Japanese material involving genera common to Nepal and Japan and for manuscript notes on his undescribed genera and species. I thank Mr. R. L. Coe and Mr. K. Hyatt for checking the Hindi and other Nepalese names used for the new species, the meanings of which are given in the text. Finally I thank my wife for her careful preparation of the typescript. Unfortunately I have been unable to examine or obtain information on Brunetti’s types in the Indian Museum, Calcutta or Collin’s types in the Leningrad Museum. I 64 KG. V., SMITE This means that comparisons with these species have been from descriptions only, and some of Brunetti’s are often inadequate by modern taxonomic standards. However in most cases I am satisfied that the differences described are adequate indication that separate taxa are involved. I have stated clearly the few cases where I consider my species may prove to be conspecific with described forms and feel in these cases that the ultimate loss of a species to synonymy is better than starting a chain of misidentifications. Previously only one member of the family, Tachydromia nepalensis Brunetti, was recorded from Nepal. In the present paper 38 new species and I new subspecies are described, representing 18 genera. All type material is in the British Museum (Natural History), London. The nomenclature used for the male genitalia follows Baéhrmann (1960). KEy TO GENERA AND SUBGENERA KNOWN FROM NEPAL I All veins running straight to wing margin without forking (except for Rs). Cell Cu absent (except Tachydromia) Z - Vein M always, and R,,, often forked. Cell Cu present 7 2 (1) Humeri not differentiated . - ; : : 3 - Humeri clearly differentiated ; 6 3 (2) Veins R, and R,,, longer, the latter ending i in costal vein n well beyond middle of wing (Text- fig. 4). Front femora moderately swollen . : (DRAPETIS s.1.) 4 - Veins R, and R,,, short, the latter ending in costal vein only a little beyond middle of wing (Text-fig. 6). Front femora very swollen . STILPON (p. 72) 4 (3) Distinct jowls below eyes. Second antennal segment with a distinct bristle beneath , : ; s.g. CROSSOPALPUS (p. 71) - No distinct jowls below eyes. ‘Second antennal segment without a distinct bristle beneath F : : i 5 5 (4) No anterodorsal bristles present ¢ on hind tibiae : ' 8.8. DRAPETIS S.S. (Pp. 65) - One or more strong anterodorsal bristles present on hind tibiae s.g. ELAPHROPEZA (p. 65) 6 (2) Cell Cu absent . ; : : ; ‘ : : ‘ SICODUS (p. 74) - Cell Cu present : ; . TACHYDROMIA (p. 75) 7 (1) Two veins issuing from end of Ist M, cell, neither of which is forked ’ : 8 - Either three veins issuing from 1st M, cell or two veins with one of them forked or 1st M, absent . . : : : 2 : j . ; 9 8 (7) Cell Cu longer thari cell M ; : ' ' . HYBOS (p. 81) - Cell Cu shorter than cell M and square ‘ended : . STENOPROCTUS (p. 83) 9 (7) Ist M, cellabsent . ; : : ; ; : : : : : 10 - 1st M, cell present . : , ‘ : II 10 (9) Cell Cu present. Axillary angle of wing well developed .BICELLARIA (p. 85) - Cell Cu absent. Axillary as of wing not aia HEMERODROMIA (p. 90) 1r (9) Vein R,,, not forked ; : : . : ; 12 - Vein R,,, forked ; , : * ‘ : : 13 12 (11) Front legs raptorial, i.e., front coxae greatly elongated : . CHELIPODA (p. 94) - Front legs not raptorial, i.e., front coxae not elongated . HELEODROMIA (p. 97) 13 (11) Cell Cu only about half length of cell M. Front coxae greatly elongated CHELIFERA (p. 98) ~ Cell Cu as long as, or nearly as long as, cell M. Front coxae at most only slightly elongated . é ; ‘ , ; ; : ; ; : 14 DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 65 14 (13) Axillary angle of wing well developed . : : ; : . HILARA (p. 85) = Axillary angle of wing not developed . : : ‘ 5 : : : 15 15 (14) Wings mottled brown with hyaline spots. Neck very high up on occiput DOLICHOCEPHALA (p. 98) - Wings clear or brownish tinged, but not mottled with hyaline spots. : : 16 16 (15) Clypeus distinct and elongate and with fine vibrissae and hairs (Text-fig. 50) HYPENELLA (p. 100) i No distinct clypeus_ . : : : : : 3 : . 1 17 (16) Vein R, setulose above (Text- fig. 63) : . TRICHOCLINOCERA (p. 103) - Vein R, not setulose above : ’ ' F : ' ‘ ‘ : 18 18 (17) Aereehed bristles present : ’ ; F PROCLINOPYGA (p. 104) _ Acrostichal bristles absent . ; d : : 2 : : ; : 19 19 (18) Scutellum hairy ondisc . : ; , ACANTHOCLINOCERA (p. tor) - Scutellum bare above : : - : : , CLINOCERA (p. 106) TACHYDROMIINAE DRAPETIS Meigen Drapetis Meigen, 1822, Syst. Beschr. 3: 91. No species of this genus in the restricted sense are recorded from Nepal, but I include it in the key and mention it here because usually Elaphropeza and. Crosso- palpus are regarded as subgenera of Drapetis s.L. In the present paper the three groups are treated as subgenera, Elaphropeza and Crossopalpus being represented in Nepal. Subgenus ELAPHROPEZA Macquart Elaphropeza Macquart, 1827, Insect. Dipt. Nord France, 3 : 86. Ctenodrapetis Bezzi, 1904, Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 2 : 355. This subgenus is best represented in the Oriental region, but it is also well rep- resented in N. and S. America, Africa and Australia, though only one species occurs in the Palaearctic Region. Six species are now described from Nepal. Kry To NEPALESE SPECIES OF Elaphropeza I Thorax entirely black, two or three dorsocentral bristles distinct . . kala sp. n. - Thorax mostly reddish yellow ; dorsocentral bristles ayo a: except for a strong prescutellar bristle ; : 2 2 (1) Arista densely long pubescent and thus appearing thicker, as an extension to the third antennal segment ; smaller species (1 mm.) ‘ ; uralo sp. n - Arista normal, slender ; usually larger species (1-25 mm. or more) 3 3 (2) Thorax and scutellum yellow : 3 ; , ‘ ‘ : ; 4 - Thorax or scutellum partly black : : : é , : i ; 5 4 (3) Antennae completely yellow ; occiput yellow : , , ‘ . Ccoeisp.n - Third antennal segment black ; occiput black ; f : litoralis sp. n 5 (3) Head reddish yellow except for black frons; thorax reddish yellow, scutellum black . : ; ukhalo sp. n. = Head black, thorax reddish ‘yellow with a large black spot on each side above wing bases ; scutellum yellow . : : : ‘ : sanguensis sp. n. 66 Ko Gi Vi. SMITH Drapetis (Elaphropeza) kala sp. n. . Head shining black, lightly dusted behind, but shining on a very broad postocular band on upper two-thirds. Occiput with sparse short yellow hairs. Frons about twice width of an ocellus above, narrowing to slightly more than width of an ocellus below. Face linear. Ocellar bristles rather weak, crossing, with a pair of weak hairs behind. A pair of strong yellow outer vertical bristles and a weak inner pair. Antennae with first and second segments yellow ; third segment black with base somewhat yellowish, short, less than twice as long as broad at base. Arista black, pubescent and a little less than twice antennal length. Proboscis short, brown. Palpi yellow, about two-thirds length of proboscis. Thorax shining black (a very light dusting is evident under higher magnification), with yellow bristles. Acrostichals absent ; dorsocentrals uniserial, the 3 or 4 posterior bristles strong; a notopleural and a supra-alar present. Scutellum shining black on disc with margins lightly dusted and with a pair of crossing apical bristles. Abdomen yellowish at base, but otherwise shining black, with very light microscopic dusting and some rather long dark hairs. Legs slender, yellow except for last tarsal segment on all legs. Preapical anterior bristle distinct on middle femora. Middle tibiae with an anterodorsal bristle at middle. Hind tibiae with two anterodorsal bristles, a little closer to each other than either is from the ends of the tibia; apical process brownish, short and broad, but pointed. Wings clear with yellow veins. Third costal section about twice length of second section. Halteres yellow. dg unknown. Length 1-5 mm. Holotype 9. NeEpaAL: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed plants by damp cliff in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, i. 1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratype 2. Taplejung Distr., Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi. 1961-1.1962 (R. L. Coe). This species resembles E. basalis Bezzi (1904 : 349), from Colombo, in size and in its predominantly black colour with yellowish base to the abdomen. It is apparently distinguished from that species by the anterodorsal bristle on the middle tibia, and the presence of two, instead of one, anterodorsal bristles on the hind tibia. The number and position of these bristles is somewhat variable within the genus, but firm differences are the shorter wings in E. basalis and the relative lengths of the second and third costal sections, the second vein ending midway between the first and third veins in Bezzi’s species. Bezzi’s type, a unique female, was in the Hungarian Museum, Budapest, but was destroyed in the autumn of 1956. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ black ”’. Drapetis (Elaphropeza) uralo sp. n. g. Head shining black, only lightly dusted around neck. Frons slightly wider than an ocellus above and about as wide as an ocellus below. Face linear. Ocellar bristles sub-parallel with a pair of tiny hairs behind. A pair of strong outer vertical bristles and a weak inner pair. Antennae with first and second segments yellow ; third segment black, about twice as long as broad ; arista about twice length of third antennal segment, black with rather long pubescence which gives it a thickened appearance, like an extension of the third antennalsegment. Proboscis yellowish, about half as long as head is deep. Palpi whitish, a little more than half as long as proboscis and with whitish hairs. Thorax reddish yellow with a sub-triangular blackish patch above each wing base. The only DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 67 obvious thoracic bristles are the single notopleural and the prescutellar dorsocentral. Pleurae reddish yellow with a blackish patch above the middle and hind coxae. Scutellum reddish yellow with a pair of crossing apical bristles. Abdomen yellowish except for blackish middle segment and hypopygium. Legs with coxae whitish, but otherwise yellow except for the last four tarsal segments of the front legs and the last tarsal segment of the remaining legs which are black. Middle femora with a distinct apical bristle. Middle tibiae with a distinct anterodorsal bristle at middle. Hind ti- biae with two anterodorsal bristles which are obviously closer to each other than either is from the ends of the tibia ; apical process short, but pointed. Wings clear, veins yellow. Third costal section about twice as long as second costal section. Halteres yellow. 2 unknown. Length 1 mm. Holotype 3. NeEpaL: Arun Valley, east shore of R. Arun below Tumlingtar, c. 1,800’, evergreen shrubs bordering dry stream beds, 14-23. xii. 1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 2 3, same data as Holotype. This species resembles E. metatarsata Bezzi (1904 : 348) from Ceylon, in having a black thoracic spot on each side, but in that species these spots are rounded, the knobs of the halteres are black, and Bezzi described the arista as microscopically pubescent. Other species with paired black thoracic spots (E. sanguensis sp. n. is separated in the key) may be distinguished as follows: E. obliquinervis Meijere from Nonkodjadjar, has a very oblique hind crossvein (vide Meijere, 1913, pl. 2, fig. 19) and E. scutellaris Bezzi (1912: 487) is a larger (2-2-2 mm.) species; both species apparently have a normal arista. The specific name is from a Nepalese word meaning “ down-hill ”’. Drapetis (Elaphropeza) coei sp. n. (Text-fig. 1) 3, @. Head reddish yellow and dusted yellow except for dull black frons and ocellar triangle. Frons narrow, barely as wide as an ocellus ; eyes contiguous beneath antennae. Ocellar bristles fairly strong and the posterior pair of ocellar hairs are longer and stronger than usual. Two pairs of vertical bristles, inner pair stronger, and there are also 4 short bristles between the inner verticals. Antennae completely yellow, third segment about 1} times as long as broad at base ; arista twice antennal length. Proboscis short, yellowish. Palpi pale yellow, about half length of proboscis. Thorax yellow. A pair of distinct, though small, upright acrostichal bristles at extreme front of thorax, but about 10 rows of hairs between the line of the dorsocentrals. Dorsocentrals uniserial with two distinct bristles behind in each row, the prescutellar being the stronger. A strong notopleural with a weaker bristle below, a supra-alar and a weak postalar. Pleurae reddish yellow. Scutellum reddish yellow with a pair of crossing apical bristles and a very weak outer pair. Abdomen yellowish with middle segment blackish. Hypopygium yellowish. Legs yellow except for last two tarsal segments on alllegs. Preapical bristle distinct on middle femora. Hind tibiae with two (sometimes three) bristles closer to each other than either is from the tibial extremities ; apical process short and broad. Wings clear, veins yellowish. Third costal section only slightly longer than second section (about 1:2: 1). Halteres yellow. Length 1-5 mm. 68 KG. Vi SMEIPH Holotype 3. Nerpat: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed plants by damp cliff in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, 22.xi. 1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 27 3, 71 2, same data as Holotype; Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed shrubs in deep gorge, c. 5,200’, x—xi. 1961, 4 g, 10 9 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, below Sangu, c. 4,000’, mixed vegetation on sheltered slopes above river, 3.i.1962, 3 3, 14 Q (R. L. Coe); Taplejung, between Sangu and Tamrang, deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, x-xi. 1961, 23,5 2; Taplejung, between Sangu and Tamrang, wet boulder shaded permanently, in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, 14.11.1962, 1 9 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung, north of Sangu, dry grass above river bank, c. 5,000’, 5.1.1962, I 2 (R. L. Coe). This species resembles EF. metatarsata Bezzi (1904: 348) from Ceylon and E. variegata Brunetti (1913 : 42) from India in the colour of the abdomen, but both these species have dark thoracic markings and a black head. E. fulvithorax van der Wulp (1897 : 138) from Ceylon has the thorax completely yellowish red, but the abdomen is brown and the tips of the hind tibiae are blackish. Drapetis (Elaphropeza) litoralis sp. n. 3, 2. Head black, heavily dusted greyish, but narrowly shining behind eye margins on upper third. Frons very narrow, less than width of an ocellus. Face linear. Ocellar bristles short with a pair of very tiny hairs behind. A pair of distinct vertical bristles. Antennae black, first and second segments somewhat paler in some lights. Third segment a little more than twice as long as broad at base. Arista dark, pubescent and slightly less than twice antennal length. Proboscis very short, brownish, palpi short, rounded and whitish, each with a long terminal bristle. Thorax shining reddish yellow, only dusted around margins. Acrostichals biserial. Dorso- centrals uniserial, a little longer than usual, but only the one strong prescutellar bristle. Two notopleural bristles, upper one stronger. Pleurae shining reddish yellow, somewhat dusted below. Scutellum reddish yellow, dusted, and with a pair of strong apical bristles. Abdomen brownish, with two basal segments yellowish, dusted and with short pubescence. Hypopygium dark brownish. Legs with femora yellowish, tibiae and tarsi brownish. Middle femora with distinct preapical anterior bristle. Hind tibiae with two strong anterodorsal bristles about middle. Wings clear with veins brown. Third costal section about twice length of third. Halteres yellow. Length 1:25 mm. Holotype 3. NepaL: Arun Valley, below Tumlingtar, River Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800’, dead leaves lying in sun on sandy shore, 22.xii. 1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 2 3, same data as Holotype; Arun Valley, below Tumlingtar, River Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800’, evergreen shrubs on sandy shore, 9Q-17.xii. 1961, 19(R-L. Coe). The brownish abdomen with yellow base distinguishes this species from any Indian species. LE. fulvithorax van der Wulp (1897 : 138), which the species most resembles, has the abdomen entirely brown and the hind tibiae have black tips. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL Fics. 1-4. Drapetis (Elaphropeza) coei sp. n. 1, 3 hypopygium: D. (E.) sanguensis sp.n. 2, $ hypopygium: D. (E£.) ukhalo sp. n. epandrium : Drapetis (Crossopalpus) kholsa sp. n. 3, 3 hypopygium showing details of 4, 2 wing. 69 70 K. G. Vi SMITH Drapetis (Elaphropeza) sanguensis sp. n. (Text-fig. 2) 3, 9. Head black, dusted greyish except for broad shining postocular orbits on upper half. Occiput with some short yellow hairs. Frons narrowing from about 1} times width of an ocellus above to width of an ocellus below; face linear. A strong pair of incurved anterior vertical bristles and a weak inner pair. An anterior pair of strong ocellar bristles with a very weak pair behind. Antennae with first and second segments yellow ; third segment blackish and about 24 times as long as broad at base; arista blackish, short pubescent and a little less than twice antennal length. Proboscis very short, brown. Palpi short, pale yellow and pale haired. Thorax shining reddish yellow with a large elliptical black spot on each side above wing bases. A pair of short acrostichals at front of thorax ; dorsocentrals uniserial, short except for a strong prescutellar bristle ; a strong notopleural with a weaker bristle below. Pleurae reddish yellow with a brownish patch on each of the sternopleurae and hypopleurae, above the middle and hind coxae. Scutellum and metanotum yellow, the former with a pair of long slender crossing apical bristles. Abdomen black, except for whitish second segment. Hypopygium black. Legs (including coxae) yellowish, except for tarsi, knees, and hind femora in front distally, all of which are somewhat brownish. All femora slender. Middle femora with distinct preapical anterior bristle. Tibiae slender; hind tibiae with two strong anterodorsal bristles. Postero- ventral apical process on hind tibiae brown, short and blunt. Wings clear, veins brownish. Third costal section about 3 times length of second costal section. Halteres yellow. Length 2 mm.. Holotype g. NeEpaL: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed plants by damp cliff in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, 22.xi. 1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 79 3, 67 2, same data as Holotype; Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed shrubs in deep gorge, c. 5,200’, x-xi. 1961, 1 J, 1 2 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi. 1961-1. 1962, 1 5,3 2 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, north of Sangu, dry grass above river bank, c. 5,000’, 5.1.1962, 8 J, 89 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, Dobhan, east bank of River Tamur, c. 3,500’, mixed vegetation by stream in deep gully, i-ii.1962, I g (R. L. Coe); Arun Valley, east shore of River Arun below Tumlingtar, c. 1,800’, swept from Ricinus communis L., 23.xii.1961, I 9 (R. L. Coe); Arun Valley, east shore of River Arun below Tumlingtar, c. 1,800’, evergreen shrubs bordering dry stream beds, 14, 23.xii. 1961, 3 2 (R. L. Coe) ; 2 miles SW. of Ulleri, 6,000-7,000’, 18.v.1954,1 gd (J. Quinlan) ; Ghanpokhara, 5,500-7,000’, 2.v.1954,2 3 (J. Quinlan). This species resembles E. metatarsata Bezzi (1904 : 348) from Colombo, in having two black marks on the otherwise reddish yellow thorax and in the long slender hind metatarsi. However, Bezzi’s species is a little longer, has round thoracic spots, a tooth and bristle at the base of the hind metatarsus and the halteres have dark knobs. Bezzi’s type, a unique female, was in the Hungarian Museum, Budapest, but is now destroyed. D. (E.) sanguensis is also very similar to the only known Palaearctic species, E. ephippiata Fallén, but in that species the sternopleurae are reddish yellow, the scutellum and metanotum are black, the hind metatarsus is thicker, and the hypo- pygium (vide Collin, 1961 : 41, fig. 16) is quite different. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 7 This species closely resembles D. (E.) binotata Meijere, of which I have seen the type 2, but that species has no black markings on the pleurae. Drapetis (Elaphropeza) ukhalo sp. n. (Text-fig. 3) 3. Head yellow and dusted yellowish except for dull blackish frons and ocellar triangle. Frons at widest point, above barely wider than an ocellus and about half this width below. Eyes contiguous below antennae. Ocellar bristles weak, crossing, with a pair of tiny hairs behind. Vertical bristles weak, the inner pair hardly distinguishable from the other pale hairs on the occiput. Antennae with first and second segments yellow; third segment black, elongate, about four times as long as broad at base ; arista black, pubescent, and only slightly longer than third antennal segment. Proboscis short, brownish. Palpi short, yellow and with yellow hairs. Thorax shining reddish yellow. Acrostichal hairs quadriserial; dorsocentrals uniserial, hairlike except for a strong prescutellar bristle. A strong notopleural with two weaker bristles below and a weak postalar. Pleurae reddish yellow except for black hypopleurae. Scutellum black with corners yellow and with a pair of strong apical bristles and weak outer pair. Abdomen pale yellow except for blackish middle segment and hypopygium. Legs completely yellow. Femora thickened. Middle femora with preapical anterior bristle distinct and with tiny black points ventrally, which are multiserial on basal half, but become uniserial distally. Hind femora with short but distinct anteroventral bristles, those towards tip of femur are blackish. Hind tibiae somewhat thickened, with two strong anterodorsal bristles, which are closer to each other than either is from the ends of the tibia ; apical process broad and short. Hind basitarsus with at least one short, but distinct, bristle below. Wings clear, veins yellow. Third section of costal vein 1} times length of second section. Halteres yellow. 2 unknown. Length 2-5 mm. Holotype g. NeEpaL: Taplejung District, river banks below Tamrang Bridge, c. 5,500’, X-x1. 1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed plants by damp cliff in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, i1. 1962, 2 J (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi.1961-i.1962, 1 3 (R. L. Coe). This species resembles EF. metatarsata Bezzi (1904: 348) from Ceylon, and E. variegata Brunetti (1913 : 42) from India, in having a yellow abdomen with the middle segment black, but in both these species the head is black. FE. xanthocephala Bezzi (1912 : 488) from Formosa is also similar and has a yellow head, but the metapleurae and the knobs of the halteres are black. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ up-hill ”’. Subgenus CROSSOPALPUS Bigot Crossopalpus Bigot, 1857, Annis Soc. ent. Fr. 5 : 563. Eudrapetis Melander, 1918, Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 11 : 187. Brunetti (1920:380) regarded Crossopalpus as a synonym of Drapetis, but none of the Indian species included by him under Drapetis appear to be referable to Crosso- palpus. 72 Kot VeSmMiikh Collin (1960 : 387), in a discussion of the C. aenescens Wiedemann complex, described C. hirtipes from Southern India. The subgenus is world-wide in distribution. One species is now described from Nepal. Drapetis (Crossopalpus) kholsa sp. n. (Text-fig. 4) Q. Head black, heavily dusted grey, but shining on narrow postocular margins on upper half, and about mouth. Wide jowls below eyes. Frons about twice width of an ocellus above, narrowing to width of an ocellus below. Face very narrow, eyes closest together just below half way down from antennae, then face widening above mouth. An erect pair of divergent ocellar bristles, but no vertical bristles. Occiput with only a few extremely short hairs. Antennae with first and second segments yellow, second segment with a strong bristle beneath, third segment black, about as long as first and second segments together and with some distinct hairs below on distal half. Arista black, nearly 3 times antennal length. Proboscis short, brown. Palpi small, rounded and blackish. Thorax black, lightly dusted but subshining and clothed with short pale hairs. A distinct prescutellar dorsocentral, two notopleurals and a postalar. Pleurae shining black except for a thin line of dust from middle coxa up to join dusted area at base of halteres, and thin bands of dust around all coxae. Scutellum black, dusted yellowish with a pair of strong marginal bristles with a tiny pair between and another tiny pair outside. Abdomen with basal segment shining black and bare, remaining segments brownish, shining on disc, but dusted around margins and short haired. Legs yellowish. Front and middle tibiae and all tarsi more brownish. Front femora slightly swollen. Anterior preapical bristle more or less distinct on all femora. Front and middle tibiae with antero- and posteroventral apical bristles. Hind tibiae with large apical process and a short apical anterior bristle. Wings clear, veins brownish except for crossvein y-m and basal section of vein M. Vein Rs very short, second costal section a little longer than third section. Veins R,,,; and M distinctly bent towards each other distally. Halteres yellow. ¢ unknown. Length 2 mm. Holotype 2. NeEpaL: Arun Valley, east shore of River Arun below Tumlingtar, c. 1,800’, evergreen shrubs bordering dry stream bed, 14—23.xii.1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratype: 2, same data as Holotype. This species resembles the Palaearctic species D. (C.) minima Meigen (1838 : 100) and D. (C.) humilis Frey (1913 : 69) in having no anterodorsal bristles on the hind tibia. The longer arista and paler legs put this species closer to D. (C.) humilis, but D. (C.) Rholsa is distinguished from both species by the longer wing, the equally convergent R,,, and M, and r—m being nearer the middle of the cell M. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ valley ”’. STILPON Loew Stilpon Loew, 1859, Neue Beitr. Kenntn. Dipt. 6 : 34. This genus has five, possibly seven (Smith, 1965) known Palaearctic species and is otherwise only recorded from the United States of America and South Africa. One species is now described from Nepal. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL | Fics. 5-6. Stilpon divergens sp.n. 5, 3 hypopygium showing enlarged details of epan- drium and cerci; 6, ¢ wing. the: 74 NW. GNM, SMITH Stilpon divergens sp. n. (Text-figs. 5, 6) gd. Head black, heavily dusted greyish. Frons about 3 times width of an ocellus, eyes contiguous below antennae. A pair of tiny, slightly convergent ocellar bristles with two pairs of tiny bristles behind. A pair of short crossing vertical bristles. Occiput with sparse short hairs above and a few longer pale bristly hairs behind mouth. Antennae with first and second seg- ments yellow, second segment with 2 strong bristles below, one short, one long ; third segment black, extremely short, shorter than second segment and with a few longish hairs at tip. Arista black, subapical, 3 times antennal length and pubescent. Proboscis brown, about one-third head height. Palpi short, yellow and with a strong black apical bristle. Thorax black, dusted greyish. Disc of thorax with about 6 rows of short brownish bristly hairs. A distinct humeral, a tiny posthumeral, a distinct notopleural and a distinct postalar. Pleurae black, dusted greyish. Scutellum black, dusted greyish with a pair of fairly strong convergent apical bristles. Abdomen pale and fleshy except for the black complex hypopygium. Legs (including coxae) yellow except for slightly darkened front tibiae and blackish distal three-quarters of hind femora and last tarsal segment of all legs. Front femora strongly swollen and with some posteroventral bristles. Middle femora with a strong preapical anterior bristle and 3 posteroventral bristles on basal half. Hind femora with a row of short slender antero- ventral bristles, two or three of which, towards tip, are longer. Legs otherwise rather short haired. Wings clouded brownish about veins. Vein R,,, joining costal vein beyond centre of wing. Main veins divergent. Halteres with yellow stem and black knob. Q similar to male, but terminal abdominal segments laterally compressed ; anal papillae with some rather long bristly hairs. Length I mm. Holotype 3. NEPAL: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed shrubs and plants by damp cliff in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, x-xi. 1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 4 2, same data as Holotype. This species may be distinguished from all Old World species by the long vein R43 Which joins the costal vein beyond the middle of the wing and by the distinctive genitalia. SICODUS Rafinesque Sicodus Rafinesque, 1815, Analyse de la Nature, 130. Tachista Loew, 1864, Z. Ent. 17: 15. This genus is mainly a Palaearctic one, but also occurs in Africa, Formosa and North America. Brunetti (1920 : 375-376) described Tachydromia latifascipennis from India, but I have studied specimens in the British Museum determined by Brunetti and they clearly belong to Sicodus. Only one species was taken on the Nepal Expeditions, represented by a damaged female, belonging to the S. annuli- manus Mg.—S. calceana Mg. group. Sicodus sp. Shining black species, dusted about neck and on scutellum, thoracic bristle strong. Legs with coxae yellow; front femora yellow; middle and hind femora black ; all tibiae blackish ; DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 75 tarsi yellow except for darkened last two segments. Wings with the two dark transverse bands broadly joined along anterior edge. NepaL: Arun Valley, below Tumlingtar, River Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800’, evergreen shrubs on sandy shore, 9-17. xii. 1961, 1 9 (R. L. Coe). TACHYDROMIA Meigen Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 in Illiger, Mag. Ins. 2 : 269. Platypalpus Macquart, 1827, Mém. Soc. Sci. Lille, 3 : 92. Howlettia Brunetti, 1913, Rec. Ind. Mas. 9: 23 Tachydromia is almost world-wide in distribution, but is best represented in the northern temperate regions. 7. nepalensis (Brunetti) has previously been described from Nepal (Brunetti, 1913, 1920) and 7 new species are now described. KrEy TO NEPALESE SPECIES OF Tachydromia 3 Large (4-0 mm.) species with very long palpi (Text-fig. 7) brunettii (Melander) = Smaller (2-0 mm.) species with smaller palpi ; : , . d ‘ 2 2 (1) Thorax black . : : : : ‘ , d : : : ; 5 - Thorax partly yellow é * Sr ie) os intensely blackened for basal 2/ 3 between end of 7 vein R, and end of vein R,.,3 (Text-fig. 10) . ; ; 5 ‘ : ; ; : ' , 4 - Costa notasabove . 5 4 (3) Antennae black. Tibiae black, front ‘and middle femora tithe a black band. Male genitalia large : ; . tapa sp. n. ~ First and second antennal segments yellow. Legs yellow. Male genitalia small . . Sanguensis sp. n 5 (3) Middle and hind femora black on apical half and all tibiae blackish ; shealsi sp. n. - Legs with less extensive black markings , ; : ‘ 6 6 (5) Legsofmale yellow . : taplejungensis sp. n - Front and hind femora blackish above at tip. “Middle femora brownish on anterior face . : , kosi sp. n. 7 (2) Thorax reddish yellow with a black median stripe which broadens posteriorly to include whole of scutellum : , ; : : . quinlani sp. n. - Thorax without a black median stripe : : ; ; ; ‘ 8 8 (7) Thorax entirely reddish yellow, scutellum black . ; narangi sp. n. - Thorax with a short black streak above each wing, apparently joined behind by an irregular blackish mark, scutellum yellow. ‘ . nepalensis Brunetti Tachydromia brunettii (Melander) (Text-fig. 7) (Platypalpus brunettii Melander, 1927, Gen. Ins. 185: 349 [n.n. for H. flavipes Brunetti; 1913: 23] 9. Head black, completely and heavily dusted greyish except for shining frons and face. Frons twice ocellar width at level of front ocellus, narrowing to ocellar width below. Face about as wide as an ocellus. Occiput rather densely pale haired above and with long pale bristly hairs below. A pair of widely divergent ocellar bristles and two pairs of small vertical bristles. Antennae dark brownish ; first segment longer than second segment and third segment short, hardly as long as first and second segments together and hairy. Arista black, long, about 23 times antennal length and obviously pubescent. Proboscis about half head height, brownish. Palpi yellow and very large, with fine pale hairs. 76 K. G. V. SMITH Thorax black, only lightly dusted and subshining on disc, but heavily and broadly dusted around margins, over humeri and on a triangle behind humeri. Thorax with even short pale pubescence ; a slender prescutellar dorsocentral ; two notopleurals, upper one stronger; a weak postalar. Pleurae black, densely dusted greyish, but sternopleurae shining black except for upper hind corner. Scutellum black, dusted greyish, with a pair of crossing apical bristles and a weak outer pair of hairs. Abdomen tergites black, sternites pale brownish ; clothed with sparse pale hairs. Legs (including coxae) yellow, except for last four tarsal segments of all legs which are darkened. Front femora slightly swollen. Middle femora strongly swollen with two ventral rows of short black spines and a posteroventral row of bristles. Hind tibiae distinctly curved. Legs short haired without outstanding bristles other than those described on middle femora. Wings clear, veins brown. Veins I,,, and M very gently convergent distally. Haltcres yellow. 6 unknown. Length 4 mm. NEPAL: Taplejung District, damp evergreen oak forest above Sangu, c. 8,500’, 2-26.xi.1961,1 &. (R. L. Coe). This large species resembles 7. orientalis Brunetti (1920 : 378) from Darjiling and T. valens Melander (1927 : 366) from Java, but the former has a parallel-sided dusted frons and the latter has a linear face and a large tibial spur. Compared with type 9, Mussoorie, in British Museum (Nat. Hist.). Tachydromia tapa sp. n. (Text-fig. 8) g. Head black, dusted greyish except for the shining frons. Frons about twice ocellar width, narrowing to slightly more than ocellar width above antennae. Face narrow, only half as wide as an ocellus. A pair of divergent ocellar bristles. Occiput pale haired, the hairs on lower part longer. Antennae black, third segment elongate, twice length of first and second segments together ; arista black, about three-quarters length of third segment. Proboscis black, rather slender and a little more than half as long as head is deep. Palpi yellow, about half as long as proboscis. Thorax : shining black, with sparse microscopic pubescence ; anteriorly the hairs in the outer acrostichal series are directed outwards, all other hairs being directed backwards. Heavily dusted on a very narrow transverse band in front of scutellum. The only distinct bristles are two noto- pleurals, the uppermost being the stronger and a weak prescutellar dorsocentral. Pleurae black, dusted greyish, but sternopleuron and mesopleuron largly shining. Scutellum black, dusted greyish with a pair of crossing apical bristles and a weaker outer pair. Abdomen shining black with sparse short pale hairs and a fringe of longer hairs on the pre- genital sternite. Hypopygium large and black, dusted greyish. Legs coxae yellow. Front femora yellow. Middle femora only stsgontly swollen, yellow, with a broad black band beyond middle ; hind femora with a black preapical band. All tibiae black, more or less yellowish at base ; tarsi black. Front tibiae with very short erect bristles above on distal half. Wings clear, veins brownish, but second costal section intensely blackened on basal three- quarters. Cells R and M of equal length. Veins R,,; and M gently diverging basally, but almost parallel distally. Halteres yellow. 2 unknown. Length 2 mm. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL Fics. 7-14. Tachydromia spp. T. brunettit (Mel.) 7, head: T. tapasp.n. 8, ¢ hypopygium showing orientated details of epandrium and cercus: T. sanguensis sp. n, 9 $ hypo- pygium; 10, wing: T. shealsi sp. n. 11, hypopygium showing details of epandrium ; 12, wing: T.kosisp.n. 13, lateral lamella of epandrium of hypopygium: T. taplejun- gensis sp.n. 14, hypopygium. 2 vis 78 K. G. V. SMITH Holotype 3. NeEpAL: Taplejung District, damp evergreen oak forest above Sangu, ¢. 9,200’, 2-26.xi.1961 (R. L. Coe). This and the following species resemble 7. gentilis Brunetti (1920: 377) from Darjiling and Simla, but that species has the scutellum shining black and the costa is not darkened on the basal three-quarters. The costal character is reminiscent of the European 7. stigmatella Zetterstedt, but that is a larger (2-5-3-0 mm.) species, with yellow legs, a shining black head and different genitalia. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ summit ”’ (of hill or mountain). Tachydromia sanguensis sp. n. (Text-figs. 9, 10) 6. Head black, dusted greyish, but frons only lightly so and therefore subshining. Frons 3 times ocellar width at level of first ocellus, narrowing to about slightly more than ocellar width above antennae. Face about half ocellar width. A pair of weak ocellar bristles, shorter than in T. tapa. Occiput with short pale pubescence above and longer pale hairs below. Antennae with first and second segments yellow ; third segment black, less than twice length of first and second segments together ; arista black, a little longer than third antennal segment. Proboscis brownish, slender and a little more than half as long as head is deep. Palpi whitish, about half as long as proboscis. Thorax shining black on disc but greyish dusted around margins and over humeri, especially on a prescutellar band about as broad as third antennal segment is deep. Thoracic pubescence yellow, short and sparse ; anteriorly, the hairs of the outer acrostichal series are directed out- wards, but all other hairs are directed backwards. Bristles yellow. A distinct, though weak, notopleural, a similar prescutellar dorsocentral and a very weak postalar. Pleurae black, dusted greyish, but mesopleurae and sternopleurae largely shining. Scutellum black, dusted greyish with a pair of crossing apicals and a weak outer pair. Abdomen shining black with sparse short pale hairs and a fringe of longer hairs on the pre- genital sternite. Hypopygium small and black. Legs yellow with the last tarsal segment somewhat darkened. Middle femora only slightly swollen. Front tibiae without the short erect bristles above which are present in T. tapa. Wings clear, veins brownish, but second costal section intensely blackened as in T. tapa. Venation otherwise resembling that species, but wings longer. Halteres pale yellow. 2. Similar to male, except for abdominal terminalia. Length 1-5 mm. Holotype 3. NEPAL: Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi. 1961-1. 1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 3 9, same data as Holotype ; Taplejung District, edge of mixed forest above Sangu, c. 6,500’, 17.x-1.xi. 1961, 1 9 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed plants in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, 22.xi.1961, I 9 (Ry. LeCoe); Tachydromia shealsi sp. n. (Text-figs. II, 12) 6. Head black, dusted greyish. Frons nearly twice ocellar width at level of first ocellus. Face linear, broadening above mouth, silvery. Ocellar bristle divergent. Two pairs of vertical DIPTERA EROM NEPAL 79 bristles. Occiput medium haired above, with longer pale hairs below. Antennae with first and second segments yellow ; third segment black, short and hairy apically below ; arista sub-apical, black and a little longer than antenna. Proboscis shining black and a little more than half head height. Palpi short, black and with a strong bristle at tip. Thorax black, lightly dusted greyish, bristles and hairs yellow. Acrostichal bristles quadri- serial. Only one strong posterior dorsocentral with a few biserial hairs in front of it. A weak humeral; two notopleural bristles, lower one weaker ; a weak postalar and some bristly hairs between the dorsocentrals and the notopleurals. Pleurae black lightly dusted greyish, but sternopleurae largely shining. Scutellum black, heavily dusted greyish and with two crossing apical bristles. Abdomen shining black with a narrow band of dust across the anterior margin of each tergite, sparsely haired. Hypopygium black, dusted greyish. Legs with coxae yellow; front femora yellow except for a blackish patch above at tip; middle and hind femora yellow on a little less than basal half, remainder black ; middle femora hardly swollen ; all tibiae blackish ; all tarsi with first two segments yellow, remainder black. Hairs of medium length, but no outstanding bristles except for the short posteroventrals on middle femora. Wings clear, veins brownish. Second costal section thickened on basal half. Veins R,,; and M gently convergent distally. 2 unknown. Length 2 mm. Holotype 3. NEPAL: Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi. 1961-1.1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 2 J, same data as Holotype; Taplejung District, Sangu, spray-splashed rocks in shallow ravine, c. 6,200’, 13.1.1962, I g (R. L. Coe). This, and the following species, are similar to the Javanese 7. maculifemur Meijere (1914: 78) and T. maculifemoratus Melander (1927 : 358), but the former has a patch of dust on each side of the thorax in front of the posterior callus, brown legs and the middle femora without blackish marks, while the latter has blackish marks on only the middle legs. Tachydromia kosi sp. n. (Text-figs. 13) 6. Very similar to T. shealsi, but differing as follows: Antennae completely black ; arista apical and about 14 times antennal length ; palpi smaller. Hypopygium very similar, but the slender lateral lamella is of a different shape. Front femora as in T. shealsi with an apical black spot above but middle femora moderately swollen and only obscurely blackish on anterior and posterior faces with the tips, base, dorsal and ventral surfaces yellow ; hind femora obscurely blackish on anterior and posterior faces for distal half, and black above at tip ; all tibiae yellow but anterior tibiae vaguely darkened about middle; tarsi with last three segments darkened. Wings with basal half of second costal section not so obviously thickened and with veins R,,5 and M parallel distally. 2 unknown. Holotype g. NEPAL: Taplejung District, river banks below Tamrang Bridge, c. 5,500’, x-xi.1961 (R. L. Coe). The specific name means “ river ”’. 80 K. G. V. SMITH Tachydromia taplejungensis sp. n. (Text-fig. 14) 6. Head black, dusted greyish, frons about twice ocellar width, face a little wider than an ocellus. A pair of divergent ocellar bristles and a pair of incurved vertical bristles. Occiput with short pale hairs above and longer pale bristly hairs below. Antennae black, third segment about 14 times length of first and second segments together. Arista black and only slightly longer than antenna. Proboscis black, about three-quarters head height. Palpi yellow and very small with a bristle at tip. Thorax black, humeri and postalar calli brownish, only microscopically dusted on disc, hence subshining but more heavily dusted around margins. No distinct acrostichals as the thorax is clothed with short fine even pubescence. One distinct prescutellar dorsocentral. A tiny humeral; two notopleurals, upper one stronger and a weak postalar. Pleurae black, dusted greyish, but sternopleurae largely shining except for dusted upper margin. Scutellum black, dusted greyish with a pair of crossing apical bristles. Abdomen blackish, short haired, but hypopygium with longer hairs and the epandrium with a long slender sickle-shaped process above. Legs yellow, short haired ; middle femora swollen, with two rows of short black spines beneath and a row of short posteroventral bristles, otherwise legs without strong bristles. Wings clear with veins brown. Veins R,,, and M parallel distally. Halteres yellow. 2 unknown. Length 2-5 mm. Holotype g. NepaL: Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi.1961-i.1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratype: 3, Taplejung District, below Sangu, edge of small mixed wood, c. 6,000’, 4.x1.1961 (R. L. Coe). Similar to T. gentilis Brunetti, but that species has the scutellum shining black and the antennae brownish yellow. Tachydromia narangi sp. n. Q. Head black, heavily dusted greyish. Frons about twice ocellar width and face hardly as wide as an ocellus. A pair of slightly divergent ocellar bristles and two pairs of vertical bristles. Occiput with a few short pale hairs above and some longer pale bristly hairs below. Antennae yellow, third segment short and rounded, only as long as first and second antennal segments together. Arista black and twice antennal length. Proboscis yellow with a brown tip, about half head height. Palpi yellow, short. Thorax orange-yellow, shining on disc, but narrowly dusted at sides and on humeri. Acro- stichals irregularly biserial ; dorsocentrals uniserial, longer posteriorly with a strong prescutellar ; a strong notopleural with a much weaker bristle and a few hairs below.; a very strong postalar bristle present. Pleurae orange-yellow but yellowish dusted except for sternopleural spot ; also there is a narrow black streak down the hind margin of the sternopleuron. Scutellum black, lightly dusted, with a strong pair of crossing apical bristles and a very weak pair of outer hairs. Mesonotum black. Abdomen with first four segments black, only lightly dusted and thus subshining ; the last segment is also dark, but rather heavily dusted ; remaining segment and anal papillae yellow. Legs (including coxae) yellow except for last tarsal segment on alllegs. Front femora slightly swollen ; middle femora strongly swollen with two rows of black ventral spines and a postero- ventral row of bristles which are long and strong on basal half. Hind femora slender, with a DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 81 ventral row of minute spaced points. Middle tibiae with an apical process as long as tibia is broad at tip, rounded apically. Wings clear, veins yellow. Veins R,,, and M very slightly convergent distally. Halteres yellow. 3d unknown. Length 2 mm. Holotype 2. NeEpaAL: Ghanpokhara, 5,500-7,000’, 2.v.1954 (J. Quinlan). This species resembles T. nepalensis Brunetti, but in that species there is a short black streak above each wing and the scutellum is ferrugineous. The specific name means “ orange ”’. Tachydromia quinlani sp. n. Q. Resembling 7. navangi, but differing as follows: Arista shorter, hardly 1} times antennal length. Thorax with a wide black median stripe, which widens posteriorly to equal width of the black scutellum and metanotum ; the upper notopleural and the postalar bristles are strong, but the prescutellar dorsocentral is not as strong as usual ; otherwise the thorax is clothed with fine, pale, rather long hairs. Abdomen shining blackish with sparse pale hairs. The black spaced points on the hind femora are longer and stronger than in T. narangi. 3 unknown. Holotype 9. NEPAL: 2 miles SW. of Ulleri, 6,000-7,000’, 18.v.1954 (J. Quinlan). This species is similar to T. ferruginea Brunetti (1920 : 376), but in that species the head is brownish yellow, and there is an abbreviated stripe on each side of the median stripe. Tachydromia nepalensis Brunetti Brevios longicornis Brunetti, 1913, Rec. Indian Mus. 9: 22. Tachydromia nepalensis Brunetti, 1920, Fauna of British India, 1: 377 [n.n. for B. longicornis Brunetti]. This species was described from a unique male from Sarath, 24.ii. 1908, and has not been taken since. HYBOTINAE HYBOS Meigen Hybos Meigen, 1803 in Illiger Mag. Ins. 2: 269; 1804, Klass. Z. Ins. 1 : 239. This genus is almost world-wide in distribution, but is better represented in the Oriental and Austro-oriental regions than in the Palaearctic. Two species are now described from Nepal. Hybos aimai sp. n. (Text-figs. 15, 16) Q. Head black, dusted greyish. Eyes with upper facets enlarged, contiguous above antennae, but separated below antennae by a short broad face which is heavily dusted grey. A pair of distinct ocellar bristles and occiput with a postocular fringe of bristly hairs which are bent for- ward at tip. Occiput otherwise with short dark hairs and a few pale hairs below. Antennae 82 KivGe VieSMITH black, third segment about twice as long as broad, arista black and about twice antennal length. Proboscis dark brown, directed forwards. Palpi black, not quite as long as proboscis, and with some bristles beneath. Thorax arched, black, heavily dusted brownish. A weak humeral bristle; acrostichals quadriserial ; dorsocentrals uniserial, ending with a strong bristle on front margin of prescutellar depression ; two notopleural bristles, upper one stronger; a postalar. Pleurae black, dusted greyish. Scutellum black, heavily dusted yellowish with a pair of strong black apical bristles and two outer pairs of pale hairs. Abdomen shining black except for a narrow band of light dust on the anterior margins of tergites with sparse short dark hairs above and longer pale hairs laterally. Terminalia with a tuft of bristly hairs and a pair of upright anal papillae. Legs shining black. Front and middle femora with pale slender posteroventral bristles. Hind femora with a black slender, anterodorsal bristle at middle and another at distal three-quarters ; pale slender posteroventral bristles, longer on distal half ; a row of short but strong black antero- ventral bristles and a ventral row of short black tuberculate spines. Front tibiae with a short anterodorsal bristle, a long anterodorsal apical bristle, other apical bristles short. Middle tibiae with a very long anteroventral apical bristle, other apical bristles shorter; an anterodorsal bristle at middle and another near base. Hind tibiae with a very slender dorsal bristle near tip. Tarsi longer and sparser haired above, short and thicker haired below, without bristles. Wings clear with a long faint stigma. MHalteres yellow. 3 unknown. Length 3:5 mm. Holotype 9. NeEpaAL: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, c. 5,500’, open ground by hill stream, 20-23.x.1961 (R. L. Coe). ‘Op ESS Fics. 15-18. Hybosspp. H.aimaisp.n. 15,2 terminalia; 16, wing: H. bhainse sp. n. 17, 6 hypopygium ; 18. wing. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 83 Paratypes: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed shrubs in deep gorge, c. 5,200’, x-xi. 1961, 2 9 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District between Sangu and Tamrang, mossy ground under bush by hill stream, 20.x.1961, c. 5,500’, 1 9 (R. L. Coe). This species most resembles H. nigronitidus Brunetti (1920 : 342) from India, but in that species the thorax is shining black. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “‘ woman ”’. Hybos bhainse sp. n. (Text-figs. 17, 18) 6. Head black, dusted brownish. Eyes with upper facets slightly enlarged, contiguous above antennae, face linear. Ocellar bristles divergent. Occiput with black bristly hairs. Antennae black, third segment a little longer than first and second segments together ; arista black, about 3 times antennal length. Proboscis short, black, palpi black. Thorax arched, black, dusted brownish but subshining on disc and humeri. Two humeral bristles, two notopleural bristles, upper one stronger; acrostichals biserial, dorsocentrals uniserial ending with a strong bristle at front margin of prescutellar depression ; a postalar. Scutellum shining black on disc, dusted brownish around margins with a pair of divergent apical bristles and two pairs of weak outer hairs. Pleurae black, dusted brownish. Abdomen shining black with short dark hairs above and longer pale hairs at sides. Hypo- pygium black. Legs black with all metatarsi and second tarsal segments of front and middle legs yellow. Front and middle femora without distinct bristles. Hind femora with strong tuberculate spines ventrally, irregularly biserial on basal half, but uniserial distally. Front tibiae short haired anteriorly, long haired posteriorly ; with the posteroventral the longest of the circlet of slender preapical bristles. Middle tibiae with distinct anterodorsal bristles and a long slender postero- ventral preapical bristle. Hind tibiae with distinct anterodorsal bristles and a long slender posterodorsal preapical. Front and middle tarsi with circlets of long bristly hairs ; hind tarsi with short bristly hairs above. Wings somewhat brownish tinged, stigma short, squarish and dark. Halteres black. Q. Similar to male, but hind femora more slender and abdomen terminating in two bristly papillae. Length 3 mm. Holotype 3. NEPAL: Taplejung District, above Sangu, c. 6,500’, evergreen scrub, 5-13.x.1961 (R. L. Coe). Paratype: 9, Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, ix.x—1g61 (R. L. Coe). This species resembles H. geniculatus Wulp (1897 : 137) from Ceylon in having the legs partly yellow, but that species has whitish halteres. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ buffalo ”’. STENOPROCTUS Loew Stenoproctus Loew, 1858, Ofvers. VetenskAkad. Foérh., Stockh. 15 : 340. Stenoproctus Loew ; Loew, 1860, Abh. naturw. Ver. Sachsen 2 : 261. Acanthopeza Becker, 1914, Annls Soc. ent. Fr. 83 : 122. This genus has previously only been recorded from the Ethiopian region. The type 84 K.~ Gu VSMiIto species, S. unipunctatus Loew, was described from the Cape of Good Hope. Becker (1914) described a second species, S. sylvaticus (under Acanthopeza) from East Africa and Jones (1940) described three species from the Ruwenzori region. I refer one species from Nepal to this genus, although the hind femora are simple and slender, in this feature resembling an undescribed species I have seen from Africa. When males are known, it may be advisable to erect a new genus for this and the African species. Stenoproctus nepalensis sp. n. (Text-fig. 19) 9. Head black, heavily dusted greyish. Eyes contiguous above antennae, face about as broad as third antennal segment is deep. Slender ocellar bristles, curved forwards and slightly divergent. Occiput with sparse pale hairs. Antennae black, third segment a litle more than twice length of first and second segments together, the apical arista slightly longer than antenna. Proboscis short, directed forward. Palpi black. Thorax rather high and arched ; black, heavily dusted greyish around broad margin, but disc somewhat lighter, brownish dusted. Thoracic pubescence short, sparse and pale, except for a notopleural bristle, a dorsocentral at anterior corner of prescutellar depression, and a weak postalar. Pleurae black, dusted greyish. Scutellum black, dusted yellowish with 4 equally strong marginal bristles and several pale hairs. 19 Fic. 19. Stenoproctus nepalensis sp. n. 9 wing. Abdomen brownish, dulled by yellowish dust and with short sparse pale hairs. Legs slender, pale brown, but hind tibiae and all tarsi dark brown. Front and middle femora with short slender posteroventral bristles, short haired above; hind femora slender with additional longer posteroventral bristles on distal half, a weak series of anteroventral bristles with a few longer curved bristles at tip and with some upright bristly hairs above on basal half. Front tibiae with rather long bristly hairs and a long anterodorsal subapical bristle and a similar posteroventral bristle. Middle tibiae with a long brown anterodorsal bristle at basal quarter, a shorter pale anteroventral bristle at middle and a slender apical bristle in the antero- and posteroventral positions. Hind tibiae with a strong brown anterodorsal bristle at basal third, and some slender posterodorsal bristly hairs which become longer towards tip ; two slender pale anteroventral bristles about middle and with rather short dense hairs below on distal third. DIPTERA EROM NEPAL 85 Wings clear, veins dark brown. Cell Cw square ended and much shorter than cell M. Vein 1A continued to wing margin. fs (thecommonstemofR,,,andR,,;) long. A distinct brownish stigma below tip of vein R,. Axillary angle well developed. MHalteres yellow. 6 unknown. Length 2-5 mm. Holotype 9. NeEpaL: Arun Valley, below Tumlingtar, River Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800’, dead leaves lying in sun on sandy shore, 22.xii.1g61 (R. L. Coe). Paratype: 9, same data as Holotype. This species is distinguished at once from all described species by the slender simple hind femora. OCYDROMIINAE BICELLARIA Macquart Bicellaria Macquart, 1823, Mém. Soc. Sct. Lille, 1819-22 : 155. Cyrtoma Meigen, 1824, Syst. Beschr. 4: 1. Enicopteryx Stephens, 1829, Syst. Cat. Brit. Ins. 2 : 264. This genus is known only from the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. One species has been taken in Nepal which is very close to the Palaearctic B. vana Collin, but since this is represented by only a damaged male I am reluctant to comment further until more material is available. Bicellaria sp. NepaL: Ghanpokhara, 5,500-7,000’, 2.v.1954, I 3 (J. Quinlan). EMPIDINAE HILARA Meigen Hilara Meigen, 1882, Syst. Beschr. 3: 1. This genus is almost world-wide in distribution with a large number of described species. Unfortunately, many descriptions are inadequate, which has made taxo- nomic studies difficult. It is essential that the male genitalia be dissected and studied in detail and illustrated in descriptions. Three species are now described from Nepal and are distinguished from other Himalayan species by the following key. At least another 4 species are represented by females only and are thus not described. KEY TO KNOWN HIMALAYAN SPECIES OF Hilara I Wings brownish tinged : . F ; ; ‘ ¥ ‘ : : 2 - Wings clear. 3 : : : ; ? : : ; ; : 4 2 (1) Thorax light yellowish brown with 3 black stripes . d . rufithorax Brunetti - Thorax brownish or blackish é : ; : : : : ‘ ; 3 3 (2) Blackish species. Middle femora with a long slender ventral bristle near base bhiga sp. n. - Brownish species. Middle femora without such a bristle : ; bares Walker 86 K.G: V. SMITH 4 (1) Halteres brownish yellow . . : é . ; : compacta Brunetti - Halteres black . 6 : ; : ; ; : : : ‘ 5 5 (4) Acrostichal bristles biserial ; ‘ ; J ; P ‘ . gilasp.n. ~ Acrostichal bristles quadriserial . : : : F ‘ ‘ 6 6 (5) Legsbrown. Front basitarsus of $ greatly swollen ; peshawarensis Brunetti - Legs yellow, except for brownish tarsi. Front basitarsus of ¢ moderately swollen ; 3 : ‘ : ; : ‘ : ‘ khola sp. n. Hilara gila sp. n. (Text-figs. 20-23) 3g. Head black, heavily dusted brownish grey. A pair of frontal bristles and a strong pair of widely divergent ocellar bristles. Some long postocular bristly hairs curved forward over eye- margins on upper half of head. Antennae black, style about two-thirds length of third segment. Proboscis black. Palpi black, with a long black ventral bristle. Thorax black, heavily dusted brownish grey. A small humeral, intrahumeral and post- humeral present. Acrostichals rather short, biserial ; dorsocentrals a little longer, uniserial and ending in a longer prescutellar bristle. A notopleural with a short bristle in front and another behind, a supra-alar and a postalar present. Pleurae bare, brownish grey dusted. Scutellum greyish dusted with two pairs of marginal bristles, outer pair weaker. Abdomen blackish, dusted brownish grey, rather short haired. Hypopygium dusted brownish grey. Legs dark brown, first tarsal segment of front leg moderately swollen, otherwise legs slender. Mainly short haired, but middle and hind femora with slender anteroventral bristly hairs and hind tibiae with some longer posterodorsal bristly hairs. Front tibiae with weak antero- and posterodorsal preapical hairs. Wings greyish with blackish veins. Stigma pale brownish. Vein 1A very faint. Halteres black. 2. Similar to male, but front metatarsi simple and abdomen terminating in a pair of papillae. Length 2:25 mm. Holotype 3. NEPAL: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, wet boulder permanently shaded in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, 14.11.1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 17 g, 5 2, same data as Holotype. The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ wet ”’ Hilara bhiga sp. n. (Text-figs. 24-27) 3g. Head black, heavily dusted brownish grey. A pair of frontal bristles and a pair of widely divergent ocellar bristles. The longer upper postocular bristles are not strongly curved forward over eye margins as in H. gila. Antennae black and resembling H. gila in proportions. Palpi yellow with a long ventral bristle. Thorax black, brownish dusted, but viewed from in front with a narrow black stripe on each side between acrostichals and dorsocentrals, a fairly long bristle on each side of prothoracic collar, a humeral, a posthumeral, a long intrahumeral and a strong notopleural with a shorter bristle in front and another behind. Acrostichals quadriserial, but a little irregular ; dorso- centrals uniserial ending in a longer prescutellar bristle. A supra-alar and a long postalar present. Pleurae heavily dusted brownish grey. Scutellum dusted brownish grey with 4 marginal bristles, outer pair weaker. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 87 Fics. 20-23. Hilava gilasp.n. 20, wing; 21, epandrium and cerci (anterior view) ; 22, aedeagus ; 23, basistylus. 88 K. Gs VitSMETr Abdomen black, dusted brownish grey, rather short haired, but with longer bristly hairs on hind margins of segments. Hypopygium blackish, dusted brownish. Legs slender, except for moderately swollen front metatarsus in male; front coxae yellowish brown, middle and hind coxae brownish grey. Front and middle femora yellowish brown to brown, hind femora yellowish brown on basal third, blackish distally. Tibiae brownish, darker towards tip, rest of legs blackish. Front femora short haired with some longer bristly hairs posterodorsally ; middle femora with long slender anterodorsal bristles, a long slender ventral bristle near base and slender posteroventral bristles on distal half; hind femora short haired with some longer anteroventral bristly hairs. Front tibiae with anterodorsal bristles and a circlet of preapical bristles ; middle tibiae with one or two anteroventral bristles and a postero- ventral bristle just beyond middle; hind tibiae with some spaced anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal bristles. Tarsi with one or two bristly hairs above towards tip on first and second segments. Wings distinctly brownish tinged with an elongate dark brown stigma and dark veins. Vein 1A distinct almost to wing margin. Halteres black. Q ? unknown (see below). Length 2-75—3 mm. E pAI Ae IETS OS OE oo 24 | ars Fics. 24-27. Hilava bhigasp.n. 24, wing; 25, aedeagus; 26, left cercus (anterior view) ; 27, basistylus. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 89 Holotype §. NeEpaL: Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, wet boul- der permanently shaded in deep river gorge, c. 5,200’, 14.ii.1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 2 3, same data as Holotype. A female (same data) may belong to this species, but is not included in the type series ; it has yellow legs and the hind tibiae are somewhat swollen distally. In Frey’s (1952) key to East Asian Empididae this and the following species run to H. fistulipes Frey, but that species has black palpi. The specific name is another Nepalese word meaning “ wet ”. Hilara khola sp. n. (Text-figs. 28-30) 6. Head blackish, dusted greyish. Chaetotaxy as in the previous two species, but as in H. bhiga the postocular occipital bristly hairs do not curve forward over eye margins. Antennae black. Palpi yellow with a long ventral bristle. Thorax black, but heavily dusted brownish to greyish and, viewed from in front, with a narrow stripe on each side between the acrostichal and dorsocentral rows of bristles. Prothoracic collar with a distinct bristle on each side. A humeral, intrahumeral and posthumeral bristles present. Acrostichals quadriserial, dorsocentrals uniserial, about the same length as acrostichals but ending in a longer prescutellar bristle. A notopleural bristle with a shorter bristle in front but a bristle of almost equal length behind, a supra-alar and a postalar. Pleurae black but heavily dusted brownish. Scutellum completely brownish dusted and with 4 marginal bristles, outer pair weaker. Abdomen blackish, heavily dusted dark grey with short black hairs and some longer lateral bristly hairs. Hypopygium dusted greyish. Legs yellow with last 4 tarsal segments of all legs dark brown. Front metatarsus moderately swollen. Middle femora with distinct anterodorsal bristles; hind femora with weak antero- dorsal and anteroventral bristles. Middle tibiae with a short anteroventral bristle at distal 28 a 30 Fics. 28-30. Hilavakholasp.n. 28, aedeagus ; 29, epandrium and cerci (anterior view) ; 30, basistylus. 90 KO Gavi. SMare three-quarters. Hind tibiae with some short anteroventral bristles and a weak posterodorsal at middle. Legs otherwise moderately short haired. Wings clear with brown veins. Stigma faint, vein 1A faint. Halteres black. 2 unknown. Length 2 mm. Holotype 3. NeEpaL: Taplejung District, Dobhan, c. 3,500’, shady places on shrubby slope above River Tamur, 21-27.1.1962 (R. L. Coe). The specific name is a Nepalese word meaning “ river ”’ HEMERODROMIINAE Hemerodromia Meigen Hemerodromia Meigen, 1822, Syst. Beschr. 3: 61. Microdromia Bigot, 1857, Annls Soc. ent. Fr. 3: 557, 563. A genus of world-wide distribution. Brunetti (1913 : 33) described H. dorsalis from India (as Chelipoda) and four species are now described from Nepal. KEY TO NEPALESE SPECIES OF Hemerodromia I Thorax completely reddish yellow. Scutellum yellow. z ; . pila sp. n. - Thorax mostly black. Scutellum entirely black . . ‘ 2 2 (1) Halteres with knobs black. Thorax completely black. Antennae yellow serpa sp. n. - Halteres yellow Thorax partly reddish yellow. Antennae whitish. 3 3 (2) Pleurae and sides of metanotum reddish yellow. : : chita sp. n. Thorax, including pleurae, black, except for reddish yellow patch over humeri lomri sp. n. Hemerodromia chita sp. n. (Text-figs. 31, 32) g. Head black, dusted greyish, but silvery behind eyes on lower half. Frons slightly wider than third antennal segment is deep. Face linear about middle, widening beneath antennae and above mouth and with some white hairs. Occiput with pale bristly hairs, cheeks with close set silvery hairs. A weak pair of yellow ocellar bristles. Antennae whitish ; third segment pointed, a little longer than first and second segments together and with distinct hairs above and below on distal half. Proboscis yellow. Palpi yellowish with pale hairs. Thorax broadly black, lightly dusted on a median stripe which widens to width of scutellum posteriorly ; reddish yellow laterally on prothoracic collar, over humeri and laterally to wing base, bristles pale. Acrostichal bristles very short, biserial ; dorsocentrals minute, uniserial. A single distinct notopleural bristle with a row of about 6 bristly hairs below. Pleurae yellow and yellowish dusted. Scutellum black, yellowish dusted, with a pair of weak apical bristles. Abdomen black distally, yellow ventrally with pregenital segment completely yellow. Hypo- pygium black, basistylus with some broad flattened bristles at tip. Legs completely yellow. Front legs of usual Hemerodromiid type with elongate coxae and swollen femora. Front femora with a double row of black points below and a row each of brownish antero- and posteroventral bristles. Middle and hind femora slender and without outstanding bristles. Front tibiae with a row of ventral bristles and a strong ventral apical bristle. Legs otherwise simple, without outstanding bristles. DIPTERA EROM NEPAL gt Wings clear, veins brownish. Section of costa between end of R,,3 and end of upper branch of R,,, obviously longer than upper branch of R,,,;. A distinct stump of the lower section of Cu present (vein that would close cell Cu if present). Halteres yellow. Q. Similar to male, but bristles on front femora a little longer and stronger. Length 2-75 mm. Holotype 3. NEpaAL: Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi. 1961-1. 1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 3 g, 2 2, same data as Holotype. This species resembles Brunetti’s (1913 : 33) description of H. dorsalis from the Western Himalayas, but the hypopygium is not large as in that species. H. orientalis Meijere has the thorax more extensively darkened. The specific name means “ leopard ”’. Hemerodromia pila sp. n. (Text-figs. 33, 34) 6: Head similar to H. chita, but only very lightly dusted and proboscis a little smaller and more slender. Thorax reddish yellow. Acrostichals very short and biserial; dorsocentrals only a little longer and uniserial. The only other distinct bristle is a weak notopleural. Scutellum yellow with 4 pairs of weak marginal hairs. Pleurae yellow. Abdomen black dorsally, except for yellow pregenital sternites, yellow ventrally. Hypo- pygium black. Legs completely yellow. The swollen front femora with antero- and posteroventral bristles and a double row of black points beneath. Front tibiae with a row of ventral bristles and a strong ventral apical bristle. Legs otherwise slender and short haired without outstanding bristles. Wings clear, with yellow veins. Section of costa between end of R,,, and upper branch of R,,, only slightly longer than upper branch of R,,;. No trace of lower section of Cu. Halteres yellow. Q. Resembling male except for abdominal terminalia. Length 2-75 mm. Holotype g. NeEpaL: Taplejung District, Dobhan, evergreen trees overhanging stream in deep gully, c. 3,500’, 30.i1.1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratype 2, same data as Holotype. Very similar to the Palaearctic H. oratoria Fln. but thorax less heavily whitish dusted and thus more shining and differing from that species and Collin’s (1941) allied species H. bifurcata and H. acuminata in structure of genitalia. The specific name means “ yellow ”’ Hemerodromia serpa sp. n. (Text-fig. 35) dg. Head black, brownish dusted, with face and lower half of head broadly silvery behind eyes. Frons twice ocellar width. Face linear at middle, the eyes very nearly touching for a short distance, with a row of hairs. A pair of weak ocellar bristles. Occiput short haired. Antennae yellow, third segment pointed. Proboscis yellow. Palpi short, pale yellow. 92 K. G.-VoSMITH Fics. 31-37. Hemerodromia spp. Ryd H. chita sp. n. 31, wing; 32, ¢ basistylus and epandrium ; H. pila sp. n. 33, wing; 34 dg epandrium: H. serpasp.n. 35, 3 basistylus and epandrium: H. lomri sp. n. 36, g epandrium ; 37, ¢ basistylus and epandrium. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 93 Thorax completely black, brownish dusted but subshining. Acrostichal bristles very short, biserial, dorsocentrals also very short, but uniserial. A weak notopleural bristle. Pleurae black, dusted brownish. Scutellum black, dulled by brownish dust and with 4 weak marginal hairs of which the apical pair are slightly longer. Abdomen black, dulled by brownish dust. Hypopygium black, part of epandrium resembling a snake’s head in shape. Legs with front femora brownish, otherwise completely yellow. Chaetotaxy resembling H. pila, but bristles weaker. Wings greyish, veins brown. Section of costa between end of R,,, and upper branch of R,,; only slightly longer than upper branch of R,;;. No trace of the lower section of Cu. Halteres black, with extreme base of stem yellowish. Q. Similar to male except for the abdomen, which is very slender apically, the last two segments being black and shining with the preceding segment whitish above and below, but shining black on a lateral stripe. Length 2:25 mm. Holotype g. NeEpaL: Taplejung District, Dobhan, east bank of River Tamur, c. 3,500’, mixed vegetation by stream in deep gully, i-ii. 1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratypes: 3 ¢, 2 2, same data as Holotype; Taplejung District, Dobhan, c. 3,500’, shady places on shrubby slope above R. Tamur, 21-27.1.1962, 2 g, I 2 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, Dobhan, evergreen trees overhanging stream in deep gully, c. 3,500’, 30.1.1962, 2 3, 1 9 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, xi.1g61-i.1962, 1 2 (R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, north of Sangu, dry grass above river bank, c. 5,200’, 5.1.1962, I ¢(R. L. Coe) ; Taplejung District, between Sangu and Tamrang, mixed shrubs in deep gorge, c. 5,200’, x-xi.19g61 29, (R. L. Coe); Arun Valley below Tumlingtar, River Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800’, evergreen shrubs on sandy shore, 9-17. xl. 1961, 16 (K.-£.Coe). This species is very similar to H. orientalis Meijere (1911 : 330) from Java, but in that species the pleurae and venter are yellow, and the upper branch of R45 is steeper. H. xiphias Bezzi (1914: 74) from Formosa has the thorax, pleurae, venter and halteres black as in H. serpa, but differs from the male type in genital characters. Dr. Morge sent a male and two female syntypes and I have designated the male as lectotype. The specific name means “ snake ”’. Hemerodromia lomri sp. n. a (Text-figs. 36, 37) 6. Head black, lightly brownish dusted and silvery behind eyes below. Frons twice ocellar width, but eyes touching for a short distance below antennae, so that the silvery face is divided into two small triangles. Ocellar bristles and occipital hairs longer than in the three preceding species. Antennae whitish, third segment pointed. Proboscis and palpi pale yellow. Thorax, humeri and posterior calli yellowish, rest of thorax black, rather dulled by greyish dust. Acrostichals short and biserial, dorsocentrals short and uniserial. A distinct notopleural bristle with a few short bristly hairs in front. Pleurae black, but vaguely reddish around front and hind coxae. Scutellum black, completely dulled by greyish dust and with a pair of apical bristles. S 94 K. G. V. SMITH Abdomen black, but pale yellowish at sides of first segment and first segment whitish below ; short haired at sides, longer haired below especially on pregenital sternites. Hypopygium black. Legs pale yellow, chaetotaxy similar to H. serpa. Wings clear, veins brownish. Section of costa between end of R,,, and upper branch of R,,,5 obviously longer than the upper branch of R,,;, which is slightly sinuous. No trace of the lower section of Cu. MHalteres yellow. 9. Similar to male, but abdomen whitish below on first three sternites. Anal papillae brownish. ; Length 2:25 mm. Holotype g. NeEpav: Taplejung District, Sangu, c. 6,200’, mixed vegetation below stream in gully, xi. 1961-i.1962 (R. L. Coe). Paratype 2, Taplejung District, river banks below Tamrang Bridge, c. 5,500’, x-xi.1961 (R. L. Coe). Similar to H. orientalis Meijere and H. xiphias Bezzi, but in both these species the halteres are black. The specific name means “ fox ”’. CHELIPODA Macquart Chelipoda Macquart, 1823, Mém. Soc. Sct. Lille, 1819-22 : 148. This genus is distinguished from Phyllodromia Zetterstedt only by the presence of the first M, cell. Melander (1927 : 263) regarded both as subgenera and, as Collin (1962 : 691) has pointed out, the presence or absence of one veinlet is of doubtful value at generic level (although similar cases occur elsewhere, e.g. Empis and Rham- phomyia). One female of Chelipoda bakra (described below) has this veinlet missing in both wings (Text-fig. 39), though the longitudinal veins are bowed in where the veinlet should be ; in another female the veinlet is duplicated (Text-fig. 40). How- ever I am for the present retaining both names at generic level since there appears to be some difference in the distribution of the two genera, Chelipoda occurring in Europe, N. and S. America, Formosa, Java, Australia and New Zealand, while Phyllodromia has only been correctly recorded from Europe and Formosa. Brunetti (1920 : 368-9) described Phyllodromia flavida from India, but this has a ist M, cell and thould be referred to Chelipoda. Bezzi’s (1912, 1914) species should be reversed in their generic positions. Two species are now described from Nepal. Chelipoda bakra sp. n. (Text-figs. 38-41) gd. Head black, rather heavily brownish dusted. Frons rather broad, but face linear. Ocellar bristles divergent, two pairs of vertical bristles and short hairs behind on lower half of head. Antennae blackish with long white terminal arista. Proboscis short, brownish ; palpi very small, yellow. Thorax black, dulled by brownish dust. Cae ° 2 8 ie pa ys = 0) o . 0 0 Nb 53 ae se oe \Y = . 35 FIGs. 32-35. 32. Corbettia graminis—pupal case (? male). N.B. The dorsal sub-marginal setae also drawn in ventral view. 33-35. Dialeurolonga emarginata. 33. Pupal case. 34. Thoracic tracheal pore. 35. Vasiform orifice. 146 - L. A. MOUND Dialeurodes kirkaldyi (Kotinsky, 1907) This species was described from Jasmine in Honolulu, and an account of its distri- bution and host range has recently been published by Russell (1964). There are specimens in the British Museum (Natural History) from Allamanda neriifolia, GHANA: Aburi, iii.1922 (W. H. Patterson). The pupal case is slightly constricted behind the thoracic tracheal pores, and the vasiform orifice has an anterior rim more than half the length of the operculum. The eighth abdominal setae are lateral to the orifice. DIALEUROLONGA Dozier, 1928 Type-species : Dialewrodes (Dialeurolonga) elongata Dozier, 1928. This genus was redefined by Takahashi (1951) as a full genus, although not all the species included are closely related. It is separated from Dialeurodes by the charac- ters listed in the key, although any one or more of these characters may be absent in a given species. Of the three species here described as new, D. hoyti and D. akureensis seem to be related to D. angustata and D. bambusae in the absence of a large spine at the base of the legs and the presence of the caudal setae near the hind margin. D. emarginata however is less closely related to the group in the complete reduction of abdominal segment seven, and the anterior extension of the transverse moulting suture. The four species referred to here may be separated by the following key. 1 Pupal case twice as long as broad : : ; ‘ : ‘ , ; : 2 — Pupal case not so long : é : : 2 Tracheal pores indicated by strengthened marginal crenulations : . D.akureensis — Tracheal pores are true pores enclosing an internal tooth ‘ : : : D. hoyti 3 Pupal case deeply emarginate ; transverse moulting suture bends to anterior and meets in mid-line . : ‘ . D.emarginata — Pupal case smoothly elliptical ; transverse moulting suture extends nearly to lateral margin . ; < : : : : : : - : ; D. africana Dialeurolonga africana (Newstead, 1921) Aleurodes africana Newstead, 1921. Dialeurolonga africana (Newstead) Takahashi, 1955 : 393. The pupal cases of this species were described as the food of the larvae of Eublemma scitula, a noctuid moth. The original record was NIGERIA: Ibadan, Moor Plan- tation, on Salacia sp., v.1917 (C. O. Farquharson). Type material is not available at the British Museum (Natural History), and the host plant, which was determined at Kew Herbarium, has not been preserved. Dialeurolonga hoyti sp. n. (Text-figs. 38 and 39) Pupal case: 1:2 x 0-6mm. On the lower surface of leaves, usually alongside a vein. White with little wax. Elongate triangular in shape, asymmetric, broadest across first abdominal seg- ment. Anterior border transverse, posterior acute. ALEYRODIDAE OF WESTERN AFRICA 147 Fics. 36-39. 36. Dialeurolongaakureensis—pupalcase. 37. D. akureensis—vasiform orifice. 38. Dialeurolonga hoyti—pupal case and detail of thoracic tracheal pore. 39. D. hoyti— vasiform orifice. 148 L. A.. MOUND Margin: Finely crenulate, the crenulations small and regular (36 in o-1 mm.) with fine lines extending for a short distance medially across sub-margin. Paired anterior and posterior marginal setae present. Caudal setae on dorsal sub-terminal tubercles. Tracheal pores distinct as pores, appearing triangular in mounted specimens with apex to exterior. Thoracic pores with a single tooth on inner dorsal margin, posterior pore with two such teeth. Dorsal surface : Sub-margin usually with a series of about one hundred triangular papillae. Five similar papillae in a row on each side in cephalic sub-dorsum. Two paired rows of seg- mental pores, in sub-dorsum and close to rhachis respectively. A pair of large tubercles dorsal to anterior spiracles. Mesothoracic suture distinct, moulting suture almost transverse, reaching margin. Small paired setae on cephalic, first and eighth abdominal segments. Segment seven about two-thirds length of six or eight. Vasiform orifice sub-cordate, postero-lateral margins rugose, with a large tooth medially. Operculum half fills orifice, exposing D-shaped lingula knob. Caudal furrow very distinct, o-19—-0-20 mm. Ventral surface: Sub-marginal region delimited by a suture-like fold interrupted only at tracheal folds. Tracheal folds clearly defined and bearing transverse rows of fine tubercles. A pair of setae mesad of the posterior abdominal spiracles, one or more very small setae near bases of meso- and metathoracic legs. Antennae slender, reaching mesothoracic leg, not sexually dimorphic. The chitin bears the imprint of the stomata and epidermal cells of the host plant. Adult female: Paronychium with a long angular tip. Terminal antennal segment long and finely tapered. Holotype pupal case. NIGERIA: Agege near Lagos, on Coffee, xi.1959 (C. P. Hoyt). Paratypes ; eight pupal cases and two adult females collected with the holotype. This species resembles the type-species in its elongate shape, but differs from it in the transverse anterior margin and the absence of a large pore anterior to the orifice. The elongate terminal antennal segment of the adult is similar to that figured by Singh (1931) for D. elongata. Dialeurolonga akureensis sp. n. (Text-figs. 36 and 37) Pupal case: 1-4 x 0-8 mm. to1-8 x 1:1mm. Elongate triangular in shape, broadest across first abdominal suture. Anterior border rather transverse, posterior acute. Margin: Finely crenulate, lines extending medially across the sub-margin. Paired anterior and posterior marginal setae present. Caudal setae on tubercles antero-laterad of tracheal pore. Tracheal pores distinguished by about six heavily sclerotized marginal crenulations. Dorsal surface : Sub-margin with a series of tuberculate pores, similar pores scattered through- out dorsum. Mesothoracic suture very clear, straight, extending to sub-margin. Transverse moulting suture does not reach margin. Small paired setae present as follows ; four pairs in cephalic sub-dorsum ; one pair each on cephalic and prothoracic dorsum ; two pairs on meso- thorax and one pair on metathorax in sub-dorsum ; a single pair on sub-dorsum of second ab- dominal segment and dorsum of remaining abdominal segments. Vasiform orifice cordate, several ridges extend from rugose postero-lateral border over inner surface. Operculum rect- angular, more than half filling orifice. Lingula tip exposed, included, broadly pyriform. Caudal furrow very distinct, 0:27-0:36 mm. Ventral surface : Thoracic tracheal folds with few tubercles, but posterior tracheal fold well defined by many transverse rows of fine tubercles. Antennae short with a terminal hook. A pair of fine setae mesad of posterior spiracles. ALEYRODIDAE OF WESTERN AFRICA 149 Holotype pupal case. NIGERIA: Akure, on leaves of unidentified tree, 1.1957 4 ie ee Paratypes ; eight pupal cases collected with the holotype. Although this resembles other members of the genus in the presence of a sub- marginal row of pores and the shape of the orifice, it differs from these species in that the tracheal pore area is composed of a row of teeth and does not form a true pore. Both this and the preceding species, D. hoyti, are apparently related to D. angustata and D. bambusae described by Takahashi from Madagascar. Dialeurolonga emarginata sp. n. (Text-figs. 33-35) Pupal case: 0-75 x 0-60 mm. to 0-80 x 0-75 mm. White, but sometimes with an internal bright orange area medially. Broadest across mesothorax, deeply emarginate at thoracic and posterior tracheal folds, acute anteriorly. Margin: Smoothly crenulate (22 in o-I mm.), with faint radial lines across sub-margin. Anterior and posterior marginal setae 30 uw in length, on stout bases. Tracheal pores covered by a smooth rounded lobe 15 w in length. Caudal setae minute, close to margin. Dorsal surface : Sub-margin with about forty pores on small tubercles. Three paired rows of similar pores, in sub-dorsum, sub-medially, and bordering rhachis. Sub-median pores on segments six, seven, and eight are raised on large tubercles. Transverse moulting suture does not reach margin, bends forward and meets near anterior end of pupal case, thus forming a triangular emergence hole. Prothoracic suture reaches this moulting suture. Both transverse moulting suture and prothoracic suture are apparently extended to margin. Second abdominal suture bends to anterior. Pockets of eighth abdominal segment confluent with sixth abdominal suture, thus seventh segment apparently occluded in mid-line. Small cephalic setae dorso- lateral to rostrum, similar setae on first abdominal segment. Setae of eighth abdominal segment minute, close to orifice and midway along its length. Cephalo-thorax with seven pairs of setae in sub-dorsum, close to moulting suture. Sub-dorsal setae on abdominal segments two, and four to eight. Vasiform orifice cordate, 0-03 mm. long, inner postero-lateral margins toothed. Operculum almost semicircular, three-quarters fills orifice. Expanded tip of lingula exposed, included. Caudal furrow o-l mm. Ventral surface: Tracheal folds broad, with many small tubercles. Anterior abdominal spiracles small. Paired fine setae anterior to rostrum and posterior spiracles. A small seta at base of meso- and metathoracic legs. Antennae thin, reaching to first spiracle. Holotype pupal case. NIGERIA: Olokomeji near Ibadan, on Cola cordifolia, MD TOOT (Ee Ano: Paratypes ; five pupal cases collected with the holotype, and nine pupal cases at the same site on Acanthocleista vogelit, 1.1961 (E. A. J.). This new species is put in the genus in view of the sub-marginal pores. It differs in shape from all other species described in Dialeurolonga. In general appearance it shows similarities to Dialeurodes shoreae Corbett from Malaya, but that species has a series of setae in the sub-margin, not in the sub-dorsum. NEOMASKELLIA Quaintance & Baker, 1913 Type-species : Aleyrodes comata Maskell, 1896. The transversely oval vasiform orifice of species included in this genus is quite _ distinctive. The lingula is broader than long, exposed by the very short operculum. 150 L. A. MOUND Neomaskellia bergii (Signoret, 1868) A pest of sugar cane in the tropics from Mauritius to the Pacific, this species is also to be found on other members of the Gramineae. It has been recorded from the upper reaches of the River Niger in West Africa by Mimeur (1946), and material in the British Museum has come from the following African territories ; Gambia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Cameroons, Principe, Sao Thomé, Sudan, Uganda, Tanganyika, Malawi, and South Africa. In most cases the host is referred to as a grass, but material from Eastern Nigeria was collected on leaves of Raffia Palm. At Ibadan, Nigeria, colonies of both nymphs and adults were observed on Pennisetum purpureum leaves protected by Crematogaster sjostedti. The ants had built tunnels of earth and plant fragments about one centimetre high and up to ten centimetres long over the colonies of whitefly, which they were apparently soliciting for honeydew. When the ants were prevented from reaching the whitefly, the honeydew accumulated on the leaves and these rapidly became covered by a black sooty mould. PEALIUS Quaintance & Baker, 1914 Type-species : Aleyrodes maskellii Bemis, 1904. Species included in this genus have the floor of the vasiform orifice dissected by many ridges and the lingula exposed, usually with a D-shaped tip. The type- species P. maskellit has a series of fine sub-marginal setae and a crenulate margin from which the tracheal pore areas are not greatly differentiated. The two species des- cribed here may be separated as follows : A. Orifice and eighth adominal setae in a cordate depression . ; ‘ P. ezeigwi. B. Orifice and setae not so situated : ‘ : : : ° 4 . PP. fici. Pealius fici sp. n. (Text-figs. 46-48) Pupal case: White, with a waxy palisade on leaf. Oval, rather tapered to posterior, widest across transverse moulting suture. Length 0-60 to 0:62 mm. Breadth 0-30 to 0-32 mm. Margin : Smoothly crenulate, on hairy leaves extended vertically and deeply emarginate due to the proximity of leaf hairs during development. Thoracic tracheal pore areas indicated by slightly strengthened crenulations with a small lobe 5 yw long dorsally. Minute anterior and posterior marginal setae present. Dorsal surface: Eight pairs of sub-marginal setae on both cephalothorax and abdomen. Fifth and seventh pair from anterior small, 5 mu, on hairy leaves first abdominal also small. Remaining setae up to 50 uw long, but on glabrous leaves only about 25 w. On glabrous leaves sub-marginal setae in a single row, on hairy leaves (includes holotype) sixth and eighth from anterior often more or less on sub-dorsum, giving appearance of dorsal setae. All the setae on distinct tubercles. Paired dorsal setae on cephalic and eighth abdominal segments, the latter very small. Transverse moulting suture reaches margin, second abdominal suture bends to anterior. Anterior border of segment eight confluent with posterior border of segment six, apparently only seven segments in mid-line. Segmental tubercles weakly developed in sub- dorsal region. Paired sub-median depressions on anterior margin of meso- and metathorax, and abdominal segments one to six. Five similar depressions in cephalic region. Vasiform orifice ALEYRODIDAE OF WESTERN AFRICA 151 almost semi-circular but widely open at posterior. Inner surface of orifice and caudal furrow dissected by anastomosing ridges. Operculum sub-rectangular, postero-lateral corners slightly elevated. Lingula exposed, D-shaped tip bears two proximal lobes. Ventral surface : Thoracic tracheal folds not defined, anterior abdominal spiracles clear. No setae seen at base of legs. Antennae short with a narrow hooked tip. Holotype pupal case. NIGERIA: Ibadan, Moor Plantation, Ficus asperifolia, 13.vii.1960 (M. O. E.). Paratypes ; four pupal cases collected with the holotype ; twenty-eight pupal cases on Ficus sp., NIGERIA: Ibadan, 16.v.1956 (V. F. E.) ; four pupal cases on Ficus asperifolia, Agege near Lagos, vili.1960 (M. O. E.) ; fourteen pupal cases on Ficus aspertfolia, Samaru near Zaria, x.1960 (M. O. E.). The leaves of Ficus asperifolia are very hirsute, whereas the leaves of the plant recorded above as Ficus sp. are described in the collector’s note-book as being com- pletely smooth. At first sight the pupal cases from these two sources are quite different, but they are here considered to be conspecific for two reasons. Firstly because not all the specimens from hairy leaves have the sixthand eighth sub-marginal setae on the dorsum, and secondly because this type of variation of pupal cases, depending on the nature of the host plant, is quite widespread in the Aleyrodidae. This species is closely related to Pealius longspinus Takahashi (1932) described from Ficus beechyana in Taipeh. This latter species differs in having several additional pairs of elongate sub-marginal setae; on the cephalo-thorax, one, three, six, and eight, and on the abdomen, two, three, six, seven and eight. In the paratypes of P. longispinus examined by the present author the eighth sub-marginal setae of the cephalo-thorax were not always as far dorsal in position as is indicated by the original figure. Corbettella artocarpi (Corbett, 19350) is closely similar to the form of P. fict from glabrous leaves, but unfortunately the material referred to in that publication is not available. Pealius ezeigwi sp. n. (Text-figs. 40-41) Pupal case: 0-70 x 0:-50mm. On the lower surface of leaves, white, with a little wax. Oval in shape, rather transverse at anterior and posterior, broadest across transverse moulting suture, barely constricted at thoracic pore. Margin: Crenulate, but not regularly so (20 in o-r mm.). Anterior and posterior marginal setae present. Cephalo-thoracic sub-margin with eight pairs of setae on large setal bases, and abdomen with eight pairs including caudal setae. Thoracic tracheal pores indicated by slight constriction of pupal case and differentiation of marginal crenulations. Dorsal surface: Flat, with no large setae, but with small cephalic and eighth abdominal setae. Sub-median area weakly defined by a series of segmentally arranged indistinct papillae. Seg- mental sutures extend into sub-dorsum. Transverse moulting suture reaches margin, dividing dorsum into equal anterior and posterior halves. Second abdominal suture bends to anterior almost meeting transverse moulting suture. Segment seven occluded in mid-line as anterior border of eight is confluent with posterior border of six. Vasiform orifice included within a cordate depression which also includes eighth abdominal setae. Depression longer than distance of orifice from posterior margin of body. Orifice roughly triangular, inner surface clearly dissec- 152 Fics. 40-43. 40. Pealius ezeigwi—pupal case and detail of thoracic tracheal pore. 41. P. ezeigwi—vasiform orifice. 42. Tetraleurodes ghesquierei—pupal case and detail of margin. 43. T. ghesquierei—vasiform orifice. ALEYRODIDAE.OF WESTERN AFRICA 153 ted into small areas by ridges. Operculum rectangular, broader than long, postero-lateral corners pronounced, two pilose lobes on posterior border. Lingula short but exposed, D-shaped tip with two proximal papillae. Caudal furrow 0-04 mm. Ventral surface: Thoracic tracheal folds indicated by minute dots. Anterior and posterior abdominal spiracles well developed. Small paired setae anterior to rostrum and posterior spiracles. Holotype pupal case. NIGERIA: Ibadan, Bora Farm, Moor Plantation, on undetermined plant, vii.1960 (M. O. E.). Paratypes ; five pupal cases, NIGERIA: Moor Plantation, Ibadan, on Maesobotrya barteri and Alchornia cordifolia, v, vi.1956 (E. A. J.). This species shows similarities to P. kelloggi (Bemis) in its vasiform orifice, marginal setae, and long transverse moulting suture, but differs from that species in that the lingula is not narrowed to the tip. It differs from P. misrae Singh in the absence of dorsal setae on the thorax, and in the vasiform orifice being set in a depression. - a a « % c Ine we om a \ 2 Aan® VU ge Yx ’ wae ——— od ba eT en v oye, Jee eee rie 7] 45 An 4 fexSiees 4 Vinay NS = iene aD Fics. 44-45. 44. Pogonaleyrodes zimmermanni—pupal case and detail of thoracic pore. 45. P. zimmermanni—vasiform orifice. 154 L..A. MOUND POGONALEYRODES Takahashi, 1955 Type-species : Pogonaleyrodes fastuosa Tak., 1955. This was erected by Takahashi as a monotypic genus. The dorsal surface of the pupal case bears numerous tubercles arranged into a pattern of circles on the inter- segmental sutures. The thoracic tracheal pores are rather ill-defined circular pores, and there is a well developed caudal furrow. Pogonaleyrodes zimmermanni (Newstead, 1911) comb. n. (Text-figs. 44-45) Aleyrodes zimmermanni Newstead, IgII. Pupal case: 0-7 X 0-5 mm. to 0-9 x 0-6 mm. May occur on both lower and upper surfaces of leaves, occasionally on petioles. White, with a small waxy palisade. Oval to broadly oval in shape, widest across second abdominal segment. Slightly constricted at thoracic tracheal pores, rather more emarginate at posterior pore. Margin slightly thickened, appearing convex. Margin: Vertical and palisade-like, appearing very finely irregular in mounted specimens. Paired anterior and posterior marginal setae small, ventral in mounted specimens and difficult to demonstrate. Cephalo-thoracic margin with six pairs of setae, abdomen with eight pairs, each mounted on a tubercle. These setae are hooked in mounted pupal cases, but may not be truly chitinous. Between each of the setal bases there are from four to eight similar but smaller tubercles. Typical caudal setae absent. Thoracic tracheal pores present as rather ill-defined circular pores. Dorsal surface : With many papillae, forming distinctive pattern of circles on intersegmental sutures. About five papillae in posterior part of each circle, four in anterior part. A row of papillae along sixth and seventh abdominal sutures, and along anterior portion of longitudinal moulting suture. Similar papillae sometimes scattered throughout subdorsum. Simple pores on abdomen in four pairs of longitudinal rows. Small paired setae on cephalic, first, and eighth abdominal segments. Transverse moulting suture reaches margin, second abdominal suture curves forward. Seventh abdominal segment scarcely two-thirds length of six or eight which are sub-equal. Vasiform orifice cordate, the posterior lateral margins with a few teeth. Operculum broadly rectangular, rather more than half filling the orifice. Triangular knob of lingula exposed, included. Caudal furrow distinct, 0-05—0-08 mm. Ventral surface : Tracheal folds not indicated. Anterior abdominal spiracle visible, no setae at base of legs. Fine paired setae antero-mesad of posterior abdominal spiracles. Antennae short and thin, with an elongate acute tip. Legs rather stout. Material examined: Syntype series on leaves loaned from Humboldt University, Berlin. Two specimens were mounted and retained at the British Museum. Collec- tion data; TANGANYIKA: Amani, on species of Acanthacae, ix. 1902 (A. Zimmer- mann). Also collected in TANGANYIKA: South Highlands Province, on Coffea arabica at Tukuyu and Rungwe, xii. 1957 (R. G. Tapley). NiGERIA; Moor Plantation, Ibadan, on unknown plant, xi. 1959 and vii. 1960 (FE. A. J. & M. O. E.). This species was described in the genus Aleyrodes but was not recognizable from its description. It resembles Takahashi’s figure of the type of Pogonaleyrodes from Madagascar in the form of the dorsal markings, the thoracic pores and the caudal furrow, but it differs in the absence of many small dorsal spines and the operculum ALEYRODIDAE OF WESTERN AFRICA 155 not filling the orifice. Each pupal case of the type material is surrounded on the leaf by a number of eggs, but otherwise shows no differences from the other specimens listed above. The specimens from Coffee at Rungwe are remarkable in that some pupal cases were found living on the petioles of the leaves. TETRALEURODES Cockerell, 1902 Type-species : Aleyrodes (Tetraleurodes) perileuca Cockerell, 1902. Pupal cases of species included in this genus have a strongly toothed margin with a vertical sculptured sub-margin elevating the dorsum. Marginal pores are well developed and the species are black in colour. Tetraleurodes ghesquierei Dozier, 1934 (Text-fig. 42) Pupal case: Black, broadest across transverse moulting suture, dorsum elevated by vertical sub-margin. Margin: Each marginal tooth expanded and rugose at tip with a large pore behind in sub- margin. Sub-margin vertical, strongly sculptured. Tracheal pore areas not differentiated, anterior and posterior marginal setae not seen. Dorsal disc: Separated from sub-margin by fold, apparently flat. Transverse moulting suture almost meets first abdominal suture, then bends anteriorly to mesothorax. Meso- thoracic suture with a row of broad teeth on both anterior and posterior borders. Longitudinal moulting suture not bordered by sculpturing. Prothoracic and cephalic segmental sutures clear, no cephalic tubercles. Abdominal sutures clear into sub-dorsum, segment six three times length of seven, and twice length of eight. Rhachis defined by two pairs of laterally directed teeth on abdominal segments two to six. Two rows of paired segmental pores, near rhachis and in sub- dorsum respectively. Large setal bases on cephalic, meso- and metathoracic segments bear short, colourless setae with expanded apices. Similar setal bases on eighth segment bear longer acutely tipped setae. Caudal setae very small, close together at edge of disc. Vasiform orifice sub- circular with a median internal projection at posterior margin, postero-lateral borders rugose internally. Operculum almost quadrate, lingula obscured. Short, broad, caudal furrow indicated. Ventral surface: Obscured. Material examined : Syntype ; one pupal case, CONGO: Barambu, on Periploca nigrescens, Vili. 1925 (J. Ghesquiére). Five pupal cases, NIGERIA: Ibadan, on unknown plant, ii.1960 (E. A. J.). This species is distinguished by the almost trumpet-shaped dorsal setae, and the absence of cephalic tubercles. TRIALEURODES Cockerell, 1902 Type-species : Aleurodes pergandei Quaintance, 1900. The North American species of this genus have been revised by Russell (1948), but African and Oriental Tvialeurodes species are very poorly known. The ventral surface of the mature pupa is usually swollen, elevating the dorsal surface from the leaf, and there is a vertical waxy palisade. Generally colourless and fragile, the most 156 L. A. MOUND 49 Fics. 46-50. 46. Pealius fici—pupal case from glabrous leaf. 47. P. fici—pupal case from hairy leaf. 48. P. fici—vasiform orifice and caudal margin. 49. Trialeurodes desmodii— vasiform orifice and sixth abdominal suture. 50. T. desmodii—mesothoracic leg, spiracle, and associated setae. ALEYRODIDAE OF WESTERN AFRICA 157 conspicuous characters are the sub-marginal papillae with wax secreting pores, and the trilobed lingula in the cordate orifice. The three species recorded from West Africa may be separated as follows: A Sub-marginal papillae all equal in size : ; : , : d ; T. ricini B_ Sub-marginal papillae not allequalinsize . : / : T. desmodii C No true sub-marginal papillae, sub-margin with circular groups ofpores . T. hargreavesi Trialeurodes desmodii Corbett, 1935 (Text-figs. 49-50) Trialeurodes lubia El Khider & Khalifer, 1962. Syn. n. Pupal case: 0-50 X 0-30 mm. to 0:70 xX 0°45 mm. Smaller specimens probably males, but small specimens also found on hairy leaves. White, with wax palisade and long marginal wax filaments. Elliptical in shape, occasionally on upper surface of leaves. Margin: Irregularly crenulate (28 ino-1 mm.). Posterior marginal setae almost 20 uw long, anterior marginal setae minute, 5 w long. Thoracic tracheal pore area barely indicated, posterior pore composed of four or five strong crenulations. Dorsal surface : Sub-margin with more than sixty papillae, usually between 68 and 72. On glabrous leaves papillae arranged in a single row, none on dorsum. On hairy leaves papillae apparently in two rows, also a pair of papillae on dorsum of cephalic, prothoracic and second abdominal segments. Sub-marginal disc pores mesad of papillae, caudal setae long, their bases distal to papillae. Transverse moulting suture ends almost opposite its midpoint. Anterior margin of abdominal segment eight confluent or almost confluent with posterior margin of segment six, segment seven thus occluded in mid-line. Paired short setae on cephalic, first and eighth abdominal segments, the latter rather more than half width of orifice in length, arising postero-laterally to anterior margin of operculum. Vasiform orifice cordate, length and breadth about equal, 50 mw, anterior rim Io uw long. Orifice emarginate at posterior, margins curve to anterior to meet an internal tooth. Internal lateral margins with fine teeth. Operculum fills two-thirds of orifice exposing tip and one pair of sub-apical lobes of lingula. Caudal furrow particularly developed on pupal cases from hairy leaves, 50 mu to 60 ym. Ventral surface : Meso- and metathoracic legs with two stout setae at base, one large (5 u) and one small, on a more heavily sclerotized area, just mesad of this a minute fine seta. Prothoracic leg with one stout seta. Anterior abdominal spiracles not seen. Material examined: Syntypes; two pupal cases, SIERRA LEONE: Nijala, on Desmodium lasiocarpum, 13.xii.1932 (E. Hargreaves). Three paratypes of T. lubia with about fifty pupal cases from the type series of that species all bearing the same data, SUDAN: Shembat-Khartoum, on Dolichos lablab and various hosts, ix.1959 (El Khidir). NiGERIA: Ibadan, Moor Plantation, many specimens on Desmodium lastocarpum, Euphorbia heterophylla, and Corchorus sp., iv—vi.1956 (V. F. Eee E. A. J.), also at the same site on Dolichos, vi.1929 (F. D. Golding). This species does not fit into any of the North American species groups of 7 raleu- vodes defined by Russell (1948). It was not recognizable from its original description and a relationship to 7. vaporariorum had been tentatively suggested. It differs from that species in several important respects, notably the large setae at the base of the legs, the anterior rim of the orifice, and the relatively long operculum. The strong setae at the base of the legs are mentioned in the description of T. /ubia, but 158 L. A. MOUND the anterior rim around the vasiform orifice is confused in the figure of that species with the pockets of the eighth abdominal segment, and the internal opening of the orifice is apparently labelled as the operculum. The position of the sub-marginal disc pores relative to the sub-marginal papillae, a very useful character pointed out by Russell, was not indicated in the description of either species. TJ. desmodii is clearly widely distributed across Africa and the present author has recently received material apparently of this species from Bangalore, India. It seems possible that T. rara Singh (1931) may eventually be found to be an older name for this insect, but the Indian Collection is not available. Trialeurodes hargreavesi Corbett, 1935 Material examined : Two pupal cases, the paratypes ; SIERRA LEONE: Nijala, on Lindernia diffusa, 19.xii.1932 (E. Hargreaves). The paratypes of this species are too poor to attempt a redescription without additional material. The original figure does not agree completely with these two specimens, in particular the sub-marginal pores are arranged in quite distinct circular clusters involving from five to fifteen pores. The number varies in the two speci- mens, but more particularly, as Corbett figured, from anterior to posterior in the same specimen. Moreover the lingula tip is more rounded than the figure indicates and extends beyond the posterior margin of the orifice. The species is by no means a typical Trialeurodes, but is possibly related to the Indian species T. breyniae Singh (1931).* Trialeurodes ricini (Misra, 1924) Material examined: One pupal case, NIGERIA: Ibadan, Moor Plantation, on Ipomoea batata, xii.1960 (M. O. E.); one pupal case, Akure, on a Labiate species, vii.1956 (V. F. £.). The identity of this species is not known for certain as the Indian collection of Singh is not available. The two specimens referred to above are provisionally identified as T. ricini as they have a uniform row of equal sized sub-marginal papillae, each with a pore at its base. Apart from this they are clearly very closely related to T. desmodit, with which species they have many characters in common. REFERENCES (**not seen by author) ** ASHMEAD, W.H. 1885. Florida Dispatch. ns. 11. (ex Quaintance and Baker 1917). Bemis, F.E. 1904. The Aleyrodids, or mealy-winged flies of California, with reference to other American species. Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. 27 : 471-537, Pls. 26-37. COCKERELL, T. D. A. 1902. Classification of Aleyrodidae. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 54 : 279-283, pl. 15. CorBETT, G. H. 1935 (August). On New Aleurodidae (Hem.). Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 16: 240-252, 7 figs. *A recent examination of the type material of Lipaleyrodes phyllanthi Takahashi, 1962, from Madagascar, has confirmed that T. hargreavesi should be placed in the genus Lipaleyrodes. ALEYRODIDAE OF WESTERN AFRICA 159 CorBEtTT, G: H. 1935 (November). Malayan Aleurodidae. J. F.M.S. Mus. 17: 722-852, 105 figs. 1936. New Aleurodidae (Hem.). Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 5 : 18-22, 6 figs. Dozier, H. L. 1928. Two new Aleyrodid (Citrus) pests from India and the South Pacific. J. agric. Res. 36 : 1001-1005, 5 figs. 1934. Descriptions of new genera and species of African Aleyrodidae. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist, (10) 14: 184-192, 2 pls., 2 figs. Ev Kurprre, I. & KHALIFER, A. 1962. A new Aleyrodid from the Sudan. Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 31 : 47-51, 6 figs. GENNADIUS, P. 1889. Ellenike Georgia (Greek Agriculture) (Athens). pp. (1)-3. GHESQUIERE, J., in MAYNE, R. & GHESQUIERE, J. 1934. Hémiptéres nuisables aux végétaux du Congo Belge. Ann. Gembl. 40: 41 pp, Io pls, 11 figs. Hussey, N. W. & GurNEy, B. 1957. Trialeurodes sonchi Kotinsky a synonym of T. vapora- riorum Westwood (Hem., Aleyrodidae). Ent. Mon. Mag. 93 : 254. Kortinsky, J. 1907. Aleyrodidae of Hawaii and Fiji with descriptions of new species. Bull. Div. Ent. Hawaii. 2 : 93-103, pl. 1. MASKELL, W. M. 1896. Contributions towards a monograph of the Aleurodidae, a family of Hemiptera-Homoptera. Tyvans. N.Z. Inst. 28 : 411-449. MimEuR, J. M. 1946. Neomaskellia bergii Signoret (Hemiptére-Aleurodidae) en A.O.F. Bull. Soc. Sci. nat. Maroc. 24 : 89. Misra, C. 1924. The citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri, in India and its parasites, together with the life history of Aleyrodes ricinin. sp. Proc. 5th ent. Mtg. Pusa (1923) : 129-135. Mounp, L. A. 1961. A new genus and four new species of whitefly from ferns (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 64 : 127-132. 1962. Studies on the olfaction and colour sensitivity of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homop- tera, Aleyrodidae). Ent. exp. & appl. 5 : 99-104. 1963. Host correlated variation in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (A) 38 : 171-180, 17 figs. NEwstTEAD, R. 1911. On a collection of Coccidae and Aleurodidae, chiefly African, in the collection of the Berlin Zoological Museum. Mitt. zool. Mus. Berl. 5 : 153-174. 1921. Anew Southern Nigerian Aleurodes (Aleurodidae). Tvans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 1921 : 528-529. PEarsON, E. O., in Hutcuinson, J. B. & Knicut, R. L. 1950. Response of cotton to leaf curl disease (Appendix on distribution of cotton virus and Bemisia in Africa). J. Genet. 50: I00-IIT. PRIESNER, H. & Hosny, M. 1934. Contributions to a knowledge of the whiteflies (Aleurodidae) of Egypt (III). Bull. Minist. Agric. Egypt. No. 145: 11 pp., 9 pls. 1 fig. QuUAINTANCE, A.L. 1900. Contributions toward a monograph of the American Aleurodidae. Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. 8 : 1-43, pls. 1-8. 1903. New Oriental Aleurodidae. Canad. Ent. 35 : 61-64. QuainTANcE, A. L. & Baker, A.C. 1913. Classification of the Aleyrodidae. Pt. I. Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. 27 : 1-93, 34 pls. 1914. Classification of the Aleyrodidae. Pt. II. Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. 27 : 95-109, Pls. 34-35. 1917. Acontribution to our knowledge of the whiteflies of the sub-family Aleyrodinae (Aleyrodidae). Proc. U.S. nat. Mus. 51 : 335-445, Pls. 32-37. RIsBEc, J., in Bourtguet, G. 1954. Le vanillier et la vanille dans le monde. Edition Paul Lechevalier, Paris. RussEtt, L. M. 1948. The North American species of whiteflies of the genus Trialeurodes. Misc. Publ. U.S. Dep. Agric. 635 : 85 pp, 34 figs. 1958. Synonyms of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). Bull. Brooklyn ent. Soc. 52 : 122-123. —— 1960. A taxonomic study of the genus Corbettia Dozier. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 62 : 120-137, 2 figs. 160 L. A. MOUND RussE.L, L. M. 1962. New name combinations and notes on some African and Asian species of Aleyrodidae (Homoptera). Bull. Brooklyn ent. Soc. 57 : 63-65. SIGNORET, V. 1868. Essai monographique sur les Aleurodes. Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. 8 : 369-402. SincH, K. 1931. A contribution to our knowledge of the Aleyrodidae (whiteflies) of India. Mem. Dep. Agric. India. Ent. 12: 98 pp, 37 pls. 1940. Notes on Aleurodidae (Rhynchota) from India. II. Rec. Indian Mus. 42: 453- 456. TAKAHASHI, R. 1932. Aleyrodidae of Formosa I. Rept. Dept. Agric. Formosa 59:57 pp, 34 figs. 1951. Some species of Aleyrodidae (Homoptera) from Madagascar with a species from Mauritius. Mém. Inst. sci. Madagascar 6A : 353-385, 19 figs. 1955. Some species of Aleyrodidae from Madagascar III. (Homoptera). Mém. Inst. sci. Madagascar 6E : 375-441, 42 figs. | PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY ADLARD & SON LIMITED _ BARTHOLOMEW PRESS, DORKING 4 CICADELLINE TYPES IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) (HOMOPTERA : CICADELLIDAE) D. A. YOUNG BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 4 LONDON: 1965 = BA GY: CICADELLINE -LyPES IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) BOMOPTERA > CICADELLIDAE BY D. A. YOUNG _,, oe North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. Pp. 161-199 BULLETIN: -OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 4 LONDON : 1965 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical series. Parts will appear at irregular intervals as they become veady. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. In 1965 a separate supplementary series of longer papers was instituted, numbered serially for each Department. This paper is Vol. 17, No. 4 of the Entomological series. The abbreviated titles of periodicals cited follow those of the World List of Scientific Periodicals. © Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History) 1965 TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) Issued 21 September, 1965 Price Thirteen Shillings CICADELLINE TYPES IN. THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE)’ By D. A. YOUNG? SYNOPSIS This is written to stabilize the identities of a number of taxa of the subfamily Cicadellinae (until recently referred to as Tettigellinae) in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). This is done in preparation for a revision of the genera of the subfamily now in preparation by the author. Tus work was made possible by a leave of absence for research from North Carolina State University in Raleigh, and financial support from that institution and the National Science Foundation. I am indebted to Dr. W. E. China, Mr. R. J. Izzard and to Mr. J. P. Doncaster of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) for their assistance in every way possible during my visit to their institution. There follows a list of taxa arranged alphabetically by specific names. A specimen in each of these taxa has been labeled as holotype or lectotype, in the B.M. (N.H.), by the writer. The name of each taxon is followed by a comma (,) and a coded reference to the original description of the taxon. The code is the same as that used in Metcalf’s Bibliography of the Homoptera or in his Bibliography of the Cicadelloidea (see ‘‘ Literature Cited’, below), which may be consulted for full bibliographic citations. The coded reference is followed by a colon (:), after which is cited the page number of the original description. This is followed by a listing of the kind of type specimen at hand (unless otherwise indicated, lectotypes are those designated in the present publication). This is followed by a description of the label(s) borne by the specimen, each label being enclosed in quotation marks and the individual lines of the label(s) separated by a semicolon (;). Unless otherwise indicated, the types in the following list agree with the original description. Illustrations and/or notes of the diagnostic characters of the taxa have been made and will be published later in the larger paper. Additional speci- mens other than the types have been frequently mentioned, with the idea that authors who might wish to borrow specimens might know of their existence. No effort has been made to list the total number of specimens in each taxon. A very large percentage of the taxa described by Fowler in the Biologia Centrali- Americana bear a label which states: ‘‘ B.C.A. Homopt. II ”’ and the name of the taxon. In the interest of saving space, such labels are referred to hereinafter merely as “ the B.C.A. label ’’. 1 Contribution from the Entomology Department, North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Raleigh, North Carolina. Published with the approval of the Director of Research as Paper No. 1854 of the Journal Series. 2 Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University at Raleigh, North Carolina, U.S.A. 5 164 D. A. YOUNG It was possible, in the case of a number of species of Francis Walker, to label one of the specimens of the type series as “‘ holotype ’’ because of Walker’s early practice (abandoned by him later) in which he cited his specimens “ a, b, c ’”’ etc. in the original description. A description in which “a” alone appeared is regarded as sufficient grounds for designating a holotype, if the specimen can be located. Concerning the references, below, to the coloured illustrations of Signoret and Fowler, it should be stated that the method of colour printing was not adequate for uniform reproduction. The remarks apply to comparisons made with the copies available to the present writer—good reproductions in the case of Signoret’s work ; mediocre in the case of the Fowler species. acuta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 773. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “103. Tettigonia acuta.”. It agrees with the interpretation of Young and Davidson (19592 : 19). addita, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 737. Lectotype with abdomen and _ legs missing, with labels: “‘ Type” and “26. Tettigonia addita.’’ and “ Java”’. This was the only specimen found, of the original four specimens. It agrees with the original description except that the black spot at the base of the face is obscure. admittens, Proconia Walker, 1858 : 227. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and ‘“‘ Proconia admittens.” and “ Mex.’”’. The original description is very poor. aemilia, Aulacizes Distant, 1908b: 75. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and ‘“ Aulacizes ; aemilia; type Dist.’ and “ Bolivia.; Toungas de la Paz. ; 1903- 188.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. aequa, Tettigonia Fowler, 1g00b: 265. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “Tettigonia; aequa. Fowler.; TYPE” and “Cuernavaca,; Morelos.; June, H. H. S.” and the B. C. A. label. The original description was not precise, and the original illustration less so. aestuans, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 750. Lectotype Q with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “54. Tettigonia aestuans.” and ‘“‘ W. Coast; of; America’’. One of the fore wings is missing. It agrees fairly well with Signoret’s illustration (1853b : plate 8, fig. 9), except that the non-black portions of the crown and pronotum are burnt orange in colour. affinis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g:206. Lectotype with abdomen missing, with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “‘affinis; type Dist.” and “Assam; Mar- gherita ’ and “ Distant Coll. ; r9r1—383.”. alalia, Aulacizes Distant, 1908b: 76. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Aulacizes ; alalia ; type Dist.” and “‘ Bolivia ; Toungas de la Paz. ; 1903-188.”. albicans, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b : 214. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘albicans’ and ‘“‘ Braz.; Santarem” and “ T. albicans; TYPE Walk.”. albiceps, Tettigonia Fowler, 1g00b : 265. Lectotype 9 with labels: “ Type” and “Tettigonia ; albiceps. Fowler; TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Cham- pion.” and the B.C.A. label. This is the only specimen in the collection, The original illustration is not very good. CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N.H.) 165 albida, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 767. Holotype with abdominal apex missing, with labels: “ Type” and “gr. Tettigonia albida.” and ‘“‘ Port Natal’. albida, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 777. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “y12. Tettigonia albida.”’ and “‘ Mexico ’’. albidicans, Tettigonia Walker, 1858a:96. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ albidicans Walk” and “ Sylhet” and “68.4”. This is the only specimen in the collection. albidipennis, Aulacizes Fowler, 1899a: 217. Lectotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Aulacizes; albidipennis. Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Tierra Colorada ; Guerrero, 2,000 ft.; Oct. H.H. Smith” and the B.C.A. label. The specimen is teneral. The markings of the anterior portion of the pronotum are smaller and more numerous than in the original illustration. albidonotata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e : 250. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and “ Tettigonia; albidonotata Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘“‘ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The portion of the original description con- cerning “‘ minute white scales ”’ is inaccurate. albidula, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b: 305. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “‘ albidula ” and “ 68.4”’ and “N. Gui; Wallace” and “N”’. albigutta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 753. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type’ and “61. Tettigonia albigutta.”’. Signoret’s illustration (1853b, pl. 9, fig. 6) was fairly accurate. albofasciata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 756. Holotype 3 with labels: ‘“ Type” and “89. Tettigonia albofasciata.”’ and “‘S. americ’”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. albomaculata, Tettigonia Distant, 1879b : 62. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ; H. T.” and “ albomaculata; type Dist.” and “ R. Susio.; Costa Rica.; H. Rogers.”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911—383.”’. The original description erroneously specified a transverse fascia at the apex of the fore wings. The fascia is actually at the base of the fore wings. alcmena, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 219. Lectotype g with labels: ‘‘ Type ; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; alemena; type; Dist.’”’ and “‘ Margherita ; Assam ”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; 1g11-383.”. The specimen had been damaged by mould. alpha, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899b : 232. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and “ Oncometopia; alpha. Fowler.; TYPE.” and “O. undata ¢; var. or sp. n.” and “ Ciudad, Mex.; 8100 ft.; Forrer.’’ and the B.C.A. label. amalda, Apulia Distant, 1908a:527. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “ Apulia; amalda; type; Dist.’’ and “ Kew; Granada”’. amalthea, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g : 212. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ; H. T.” and “amalthea; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Maskeliya,; Ceylon.; August.” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.”’. amida, Amblydisca Distant, 1908b: 70. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“ Amblydisca ; amida; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Cachabé, ; low c., XI. 96.; (Rosen- berg).” and ‘‘ Ecuador. ; Rosenberg. ; g9-104.”. There are three other specimens in the collection, a teneral ¢ and two 9. 5§ , 166 D. ASYOUNG amoena, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 759. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “73. Tettigonia amoena.”’ and “ Vene-; zuela’’. The original description is very poor in that the specimen (which is teneral) is not black and the markings of the crown are not united on the face. There is one additional teneral 9 in the collection. amulae, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 252. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; amulae Fowler. ; TYPE.” and ‘“‘ Amula, ; Guerrero, ; 6000 ft. ; Sept. H. H. Smith.”. The specimen is teneral. It agrees with the original description except that there is no central line on the pronotum and the form is not robust. There are two additional teneral 9 in the collection. anceps, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899c : 234. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ Oncometopia ; anceps Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘“ Las Mercedes, ; 3000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. anceps, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 279. Lectotype g with labels: “ Type” and “T. anceps; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; 800-1,500 ft.; Champion.’’. The lectotype is the specimen behind which I placed a red mark. It is glued to a card which bears three additional specimens. The original illustration is not very good. angularis, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b: 167. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘“‘ angularis Walk”’ and “ Sar.” and “ Wallace”’ and “‘ 68.4.” angulifera, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 771. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “gg. Tettigonia angulifera.’”’ and “‘ N-f-dland.”’. It agrees with Young and Davidson’s recent interpretation (1959a : 7). angustula, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 291. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ T. angustula ; Fowler ”’ and ““ Xucumanatlan, ; Guerrero. ; 7000 ft.; July. H. H. Smith.”’ and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype, behind which I placed a red mark, is one of two 2 on the same card. The lectotype is darker than originally illustrated. angustula var. immaculata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 292. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “T. angustula; v. immaculata; Fowler. TYPE.” and ‘“ Amula, ; Guerrero, 6000 ft.; Aug. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. Three ¢ are incorrectly associated with the lectotype. angustus, Rhaphirrhinus Walker, 1851b:806. Holotype § with labels: “Type” and “5. Raphirhinus angustus.” and “ Ent. Club.; 44-12.” , anita, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 281. Lectotype § with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; anita Fowler; TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; Panama.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. I placed a red mark behind the lectotype, one of two specimens glued to the same card. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. annandalei, Tettigoniella Distant, 1go8f:140. Lectotype Q with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; annandalei; type Dist.” and “ Talum; 1g [one digit obscured by pin-holes]o2’”’. The specimen is teneral and the hind legs are missing. CICADELLINE. TY PES IN BoM. (NiH.) 167 annuligera, Proconia Walker, 1858b: 232. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and ‘‘ Proconia annuligera.”’ and “‘ Petropolis ; Feby. 1857.; J. Gray.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. antica, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 771. Holotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and ‘““E, Doubleday. ; Trenton Falls, ; New York.’’. It agrees with the interpretation of Young and Davidson (19592 : II). aphrophoroides, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e:250. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type.” and “ Tettigonia; aphrophoroides; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Xucu- manatlan,; Guerrero,; 7000 ft.; July. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. It is the only one of the four (conspecific) specimens which agrees with the original illustration. apicalis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 736. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type”’ and “24. Tettigonia apicalis.”’ and “ China”’. appropinquans, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d:247. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia; appropinquans; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Chil- pancingo ; Guerrero, 4600 ft.; June. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of a pair of specimens glued to the same card. The original description is poor. apulia, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a : 523. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and “ Tettigoniella ; apulia ; type Dist.’’ and “ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906—263.’’. This is the only specimen in the collection. argentigutta, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 215. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “ Tettigonia argentigutta.”’ and “‘Constancia; Jany 1857.; J. Gray.”. assamensis, Tettigonia Distant, 1880b : 203. Lectotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type ; H. T.”’ and “assamensis; (type) Dist’? and ‘‘ Assam” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383... There is an additional ¢ in the collection. , aterrima, Phera Fowler, 1899a: 224. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “Phera; aterrima.; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Tierra Colorada,; Guerrero, ; 2,000 ft.; Oct. H.H. Smith.’’ and the B.C.A. label. It is the only specimen in the collection. Except that the crown is bluntly rounded and that the pronotum is distinctly rugose, the specimen agrees with the original description. The wing apices have been broken off. atomaria, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 792. Holotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “5. Aulacizes atomaria.” and “88; a’’. The original description is not very good. atra, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 789. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ 19. Proconia atra.”” and “‘ Honduras’”’. This specimen had been studied by Dr. Heinz Schroder. atrata, Phera Fowler, 1899a : 222. Lectotype gj with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Phera atrata; Fowler. TYPE” and “S. Geronimo,: Guatemala. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The head is more produced and the colour is darker than in the original illustration. There is an additional 3 topotype in the collection. 168 Die A, YOUNG atronotata, Kolla Distant, 1918b: 10. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Kolla; atronotata; type Dist.’’ and “ Kodai Kanal; S. India. Campbell.” and “‘S. India; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.” and “ 654”. There are four additional specimens in the collection. attenuata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 766. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“ Hong Kong” and “ Tettigonia attenuata.”’ aulaeata, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a : 212. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘Type’’ and “ Amblydisca; auleata Fowler.; TYPE.’ and “Chontales,; Nicaragua. ; Janson.” and the B.C.A. label. It agrees fairly well with the original illustration, but the markings of the crown are black, and the paler markings of the fore wings are flesh-colour. There is a teneral topotypic 2 and another 9Q in the collection. auriculata, Kolla Distant, 1920f: 470. Holotype 2 with labels: “Type; H. T.” and ‘‘ Kolla; auriculata; type Dist.” and “‘ U. Houadou R.; New Caledonia ; 4.8.14. P.D.M.”. and “ New Caledonia.; P. D. Montague. ; 1917-87’’. It is the only specimen in the collection. aurigena, Proconia Walker, 1858b : 228. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type’’ and “ Proconia aurigena.”’ and ‘‘ Vera Cruz ”’. auriplena, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 214. Holotype 92 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia auriplena.” and “‘ Tejuca; Jany 1857; J. Gray.”. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. aurolineata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 283. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; aurolineata; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guer- rero, 4600 ft.; June. H.H. Smith.”. The lectotype is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card to which two 2 were glued. The markings are orange ; not orange-red as stated in the original description. There is also a 3 in the collection. avella, Onega Distant, 1908a:528. Lectotype g with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “Onega; avella; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Cotypes, Breddin.; Purch. of Haensch. ; Tettigonia ; spec. nov.” and “ Baiza; (Ecuad.); R. Haensch S.” and “ 129” and ‘‘ 1903-322.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. It agrees fairly well with the original description except that both clavus and corium are reticulate- veined. azeka, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 523. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “‘ Tettigoniella ; azeka ; type Dist.”’ and “‘ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906; 263.”’. badia, Proconia Walker, 1851a:786. Holotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “12. Proconia badia.’’. baluensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 141. Lectotype Jj with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and ‘‘ Tettigoniella; baluensis; type Dist.’’ and “ Kina Balu.; 95—226.”. It agrees fairly well with the original description, but the face is not flattened. basalis, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 795. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “tr. Aulacizes basalis.”” and “ Vene-; zuela”’. It is the only specimen in the collection. All but one of the legs are missing. basimacula, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 746. Lectotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “46. Tettigonia basimacula.’”’ and “Tejuca; Jany. 1857.; J. Gray.”. There is also a ¢ in the collection. ’ CICADELLINE 1 YPESSEN B.Mee (Ni H:) 169 batesi, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b : 62. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and ‘“‘Oncometopia ; batesi Dist.; type’’ and ‘‘ Amaz” and “68.4’’. It is the only specimen in the collection. bella, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 778. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “14. Tettigonia bella.”” and ‘““N.; India”. There is a series of additional specimens of both sexes. bellona, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 212. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type; H. T.”’ and “ bellona ; type Dist.’”’ and “‘ Ruby Mines ; (Doherty) ” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.’’.. There is also a g in the collection. bifacies, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 213. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia bifacies.”” and ‘‘ Tejuca; Jany 1857.; H. Clark.”. It is the only specimen in the collection. _ bilineata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 257. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Tettigonia; bilineata; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Rincon,; Guerrero, ; 2800 ft.; Oct. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. It disagrees with the original illustration in that the anterior margin of the head is not semi-circular. There are several additional specimens in the collection. biolleyi, Diestostemma Distant, 1908b: 81. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type; H. T.” and “ Diestostemma ; biolleyi; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Cervantes 174; (Atl.) 1400 m.; V 1906.; P. Biolley”’. There is an additional 3 in the collection. boliviana, Trichogonia Distant, 1908a: 515. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Trichogonia ; boliviana ; type Dist.”’ and “ Bolivia. ; Toungas de la Paz. ; 1903-188.”’. brasiliensis, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b : 65. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Oncometopia ; braziliensis; type Dist.’’ and “ Braz.’”’ and “ 68.4”’. brevifrons, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 754. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “ Type” and “‘63. Tettigonia brevifrons.”’ and “ Java’”’. brevis, Rhaphirrhinus Walker, 1851b: 807. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “7. Rhaphirhinus brevis.” and “ Venezu ”’. bugabensis, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a: 210. Lectotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type ” and ‘‘ Amblydisca ; bugabensis; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Bugaba,; 800-1,500 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The specimen agrees with the original description and illustration but is smaller than indicated in the latter. There is an additional 3 in the collection. burmanica, Apphia Distant, 1918b: 5. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type; H. T.” and “‘ Apphia; burmanica; type Dist.” and “U. Burma; Maymyo, 3500 ft. ; 19-21 VIII 14; Fletcher coll” and “ Pusa coll.” and “ Pusa coll. ; 1915—164.”’. It is the only specimen in the collection. butleri, Faenius Distant, 1918b:15. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Faenius ; butleri ; type Dist.”’ and “‘ Kodai Kanal. ; S. India. ; T. V. Campbell.” and ‘“ 539”’ and “S. India.; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.”. There is one additional specimen in the collection. 170 D. A. YOUNG cachabensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a:517. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type ”’ and “‘ Amblyscarta cachabensis ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Cachabe,; low c., XI.96.; (Rosenberg).’’ and “ Ecuador.; Rosenberg.; g9—104.”. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. caicus, Tettigonia Walker, 1862a:318. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia; caicus; type Walk” and “‘Ciccus; sp. ig.” and “ Rio”’ and ‘‘ Miss Pascoe. ; 69—41.”. It is the only specimen with typical data in the collection. candida, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 195. Holotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia candida.” and “ Mex.” candidipes, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 219. Lectotype j with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “‘ Tettigonia candidipes.” and “ N. China. ; 54.8... This is the only specimen in the collection. canidia, Kolla Distant, 1908g : 226. Holotype g with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “‘ Kolla; canidia; type Dist.” and “ Sikkim” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1g1r1- 383... This is the only specimen in the collection. capito, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b:66. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type” and ‘‘ Oncometopia; capito; type; Dist.’’ and “ Theresopolis; 88-—137.”’. cara, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 755. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “Java; 46 108”. The abdomen is compressed and distorted. The pronotum is perforated by a pin hole and the head is partly detached from the pronotum. carissima, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 280. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Tettigonia carissima ; Fowl. TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; Panama.; Cham- pion.”’ and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of two specimens glued to the same card, and is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. There are no additional specimens in the collection. caudata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:749. Holotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “51. Tettigonia caudata.” and “ Bolivia; E. Doubleday’”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. cephalotes, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 759. Holotype specimen without abdo- men, with labels: ‘“‘ Tettigonia cephalotes’’ and “ B. Guiana” and “ Type” cervina, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 250. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and “‘ Tettigonia; cervina. Fowler. TYPE.” and “Cerro Zunil; 4000 ft. ; Champion.’’. The lectotype is one of a pair of specimens glued to the same card and adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. chiriquensis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 237. Lectotype 3 with labels : “Type*’ and “ Tettigonia; chiriquensis.; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 2-3000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The head is more strongly produced than in the original illustration. cinctipes, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 803. Holotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “13. Ciccus cinctipes.” and “ Brazil ’’. cirta, Amblydisca Distant, 1908b: 70. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Amblydisca ; cirta ; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Cuenca ”’ GICADE DEINE EYERES EN) BoM. (CN. H:) r71 , civilis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 272. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia ; civilis Fowler.; TYPE” and “‘ Omilteme,; Guerrero, 8000 ft. ; July. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is not very accurate for the fine shades of colour of this specimen. clarior, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 784. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type”’ and ““g. Proconia clarior.’’. This specimen had been studied by Dr. Heinz Schréder. cleasa, Aulacizes Distant, 1908b: 75. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Aulacizes ; cleasa; type Dist.’’ and “ Bolivia.; J. Steinbach. ; 1904—311.”. cleora, Diedrocephala Distant, 1908b: 59. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Diedrocephala ; cleora; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Cachabé; low c., XI. 96. ; (Rosenberg).”” and ‘‘ Ecuador. ; Rosenberg. ; gg—104.”’. clepsydra, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 270. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type’ and “‘ Tettigonia ; clepsydra ; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Cerro Zunil, ; 4—5000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. coccinea, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 263. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “ Atoyac,; Vera Cruz.; May. H: H. $.” and.“ Tettigonia; coccinea ; Fowler. TYPE”’’. There are two additional @ in the collection. coeruleovittata var. delineata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 277. Lectotype 9° with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia; coeruleovittata; var. delineata ; Fowler TYPE ” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero, ; 4600 ft.; Sept. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype, one of two 2 glued to the same card, is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. collata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 261. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ T. collata; Fowler. Type.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 25-4000 ft. ; Champion.”’ and the B.C.A. label. There are four additional 2 in the collection. completa, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 268. Lectotype 9 with labels: “ Type’ and “ Tettigonia ; completa; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero, 4000? fine-> HoH Smith;- composita, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 277. Holotype 2 with labels “ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; composita ; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Cerro Zunil, ; 4—5000 ft. ; Champion.”’ and the B.C.A. label. The original description is poor. compressa, Propetes Walker, 1851b: 797. Holotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and ““t. Propetes compressa.’ and ‘“‘ Para” and “ 294”’. compta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 271. Lectotype g with labels: “ Type’ and “ Tettigonia; compta Fowler; TYPE” and “ Cuernavaca,; Morelos. ; June H.H.S.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype, one of two 3 specimens glued to the same card, is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. concinna, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 755. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and “65. Tettigonia concinna.”’ and an illegible label consisting of two characters. Both fore wings are missing. concinnula, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 287. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; concinnula; Fowler. TYPE” and ‘“ Omilteme. ; Guerrero, 8000 ft.; July. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. J ? ’ , , 172 Ds AOYOUNG configurata, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 216. Lectotype specimen without abdo- men, with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia configurata.’”’ and “‘ Para’’. The original description of the fore wings is poor. confinis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:745. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “44. Tettigonia confinis.” and “ 161” and “‘ 376”’. confinis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 736. Lectotype g with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and ‘‘25. Tettigonia confinis.’’ and “‘ Canton ”’. congruens, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 252. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; congruens ; Fowler, TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui ; 4000-6000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is one additional ¢ in the collection. consistens, Proconia Walker, 1858b: 226. Holotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “‘ Proconia consistens.’’ and “‘ Mex.” consobrina, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 245. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; consobrina; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Cerro Zunil; 4000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is the g of a pair of specimens glued to the same card and is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. consors, Ujna Distant, 1908g : 240. Holotype ¢ with labels ““ Type; H. T.” and ““Ujna; consors; type Dist.”’ and “‘ Myitta; Doherty” and “ Distant Coll. ; IQI 1-383.” conspersa, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 792. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘6. Aulacizes conspersa.” and “613” and “not; Aulacizes’’. The specimen is teneral. conspissata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 241. Lectotype 2 with labels “ Type” and “‘T. conspissata ; Fowler’’: and ‘“‘Senahu, ; Vera Paz. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The marking near the anterior margin of the head is darker than in the original illustration. constans, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 198. Holotype g with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia constans.’”’ It is the only specimen in the collection. corixoides, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c: 240. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; corixoides. Fowler. ; TYPE” and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1,500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is poor. There is one additional specimen in the collection. cornelia, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 521. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigoniella ; cornelia ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906-263 ”’. cornelia, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 209. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ; H. T.” and “ Cornelia. ; type Dist.” and “ Myitta; Doherty” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.” costaricensis, Tettigonia Distant, 1879b : 63. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ; H. T.” and “ costaricen-; sis Dist.; (type)’”’ and ‘‘ Costa Rica.; R. Suslo. ; H. Rogers.”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.”’. crassa, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 762. Lectotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type” and “79. Tettigonia crassa.”’ and “‘ Colum-; bia”. It agrees with the original description, except that Walker apparently twice described a pair of spots on the crown of the head. There are three spots on the crown. CICADELLINE FY PES IN BM... (N.H:.) 173 cumatilis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1g08f : 138. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “‘‘ Tettigoniella ; cumatilis; type Dist.’’ and “ Kinta Valley,; S. Perak. ; Sept.-Oct.; H. N. Ridley. ; r1g00-81.”’. cyanescens, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 760. Holotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “76. Tettigonia cyanescens.”’ and “ Vene; zuela’”’. daeta, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a:522. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; daeta; type Dist.’’ and “ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906—263.”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. decora, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 744. Holotype 9 with labels: “ Type” and “ar. Tettigonia decora.” and “ Ega, Brazil’. decorata, Tettigonia Walker. 1851b: 761. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type’ and “77. Tettigonia decorata.” and “46; 62”. The original description is not accurate for the clypellus (‘‘ epistoma ’’) nor for the fore wings. There is an additional ° in the collection. delicata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 269. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; delicata. Fowler.; TYPE” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero ; 4600 ft.; June. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is adjacent to the red mark I placed on a card bearing two 9 of this species. The lines on the wings are maroon. delicatula, Ujna Distant, 1908g : 239. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type; H. T.” and ‘“‘Ujna; delicatula; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Peradeniya; Ceylon, 4-05’ and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383... It is more slender than in the original illustration. detrahens, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b : 196. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia detrahens. ’’ and “ Mexico”’. It agrees with the original description except for the thorax which is quite clearly marked. dilecta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 747. Holotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “48. Tettigonia dilecta.”” and “Ega; Brazil’’. The original description is very poor. There is a large red spot astride the jugal fold in its basal half. detracta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 258. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; detracta. Fowler.; TYPE” and “ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Champion.”’ and the B.C.A. label. diaphana, Kolla Distant, 1918b:9. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “ Kolla; diaphana; type Dist.” and “ Kodai Kanal; S. India. Campbell.” and ‘‘ 684” and “S. India.; E. A. Butler.; 1915-60.” and ‘‘ =teneral spec ; of ganessa.”. It is teneral, and the only specimen in the collection. diducta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 274. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“‘ Tettigonia ; diducta. Fowler. ; TYPE.” and “ Amula, ; Guerrero, 6000 ft.; Aug. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. It agrees with the original description but not with the original illustration, which is poor. diminutus, Ciccus Walker, 1861b: 801. Holotype j with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “g. Ciccus diminutus.” and “ 609 ”’ and “ Brazil”’. The holotype does not agree very well with the original description. discrepans, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 212. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ”’ and ‘“‘ Tettigonia discrepans.” and “‘ Constancia; Jany. 1857.; J. Gray.”. 58§ , 174 D. A. YOUNG dispar, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899b: 229. Lectotype g¢ with labels: “ Type”’ and “‘Oncometopia; dispar. Fowler; TYPE ¢” and “Sabo,; Vera Paz. ; Champion ” and the B.C.A. label. The spots of the fore wing are purplish, as in the original illustration, not as in the original description. distinguenda, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a : 257. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; distinguenda Fowler.; TYPE” and ‘‘ Panama; Boucard.” and the B.C.A. label. This is the only specimen in the collection. dives, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 791. Holotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ 3. Aulacizes dives.”’. dorsicrista, Germaria Walker, 1858a:97. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ dorsicrista Walk” and “‘ Amaz’”’ and “68.4”’. The spots of the thorax are not connected as stated in the original description. dorsivitta, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 802. Holotype g with labels: “Type” and “to. Ciccus dorsivitta.’”’ and “ Para ’’. drusilla, Abana Distant, 1908b: 73. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “Abana; drusilla; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Cachabé, low c. I. 97.; (Rosenberg).” and “ Ecuador.; Rosenberg. ; gg—104.”. The specimen is teneral. dunsiriensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g:214. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “ dunsiriensis ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Dunsiri Valley ; Major S-A ”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.”’.. The original description is not very good. The fore wings are missing from the lectotype, the only specimen in the collection. duplicaria, Tettigonia Distant, 1891d: 120, and 1893a:96. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type; H. T.” and “ duplicaria ; Dist.’’ and ‘“‘ Machachi, ; Ecuador. ; g-10,000 feet.; Ed Whymper.” and “ Distant Coll.; 1g11-383.’’ There are several additional specimens in the collection. eburnea, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b: 168. Lectotype § with labels: ‘“ Type” and “‘ eburnea Walk ” and ‘‘ SAR ”’ and “ Wallace ”’. eliyana, Kolla Distant, 1918b:10. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Kolla; eliyana; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Nuwara Eliya,; Ceylon, II]-1911”’ and “Ceylon. ; T. B. Fletcher. 1909-80.” elongata, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b: 167. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “elongata Walk” and “SAR.” and “ Wallace” and “68.4”. elvina, Tettigonia Butler, 1874e: 673. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “T. elvira; Butl.” and ‘‘ Amazon; St. Paul’. This specimen is teneral and is the only specimen in the collection. eresia, Mareba Distant, 1908b:77. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “Type” and ““Mareba ; eresia; type Dist.’ and “ Cachabé; low c. XI. 96.; (Rosenberg).” and “‘ Ecuador.; Rosenberg.; 99—104.’. This is the only specimen in the collection. erichsoni, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 137. Lectotype g$ with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Tettigoniella; ericsoni; Dist.’ and ‘‘Sumatra.; Ericson.; 98—222.’. The bluish and bluish gray of the head and thorax is a pruinosity. The “anal segment” of the original description is actually the pygofer. The collector’s name is mis-spelt on the locality and determination labels. ? CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N.H.) 175 erumpens, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 256. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Cerro Zunil ; 4—5000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The original description omitted the pustules which occur on the fore wings, and the colours are not true in the original illustration. espriella, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a:524. Holotype specimen without abdo- men, with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; espriella; type; Dist.’ and “Peru. ; Rosenberg.; 1906—263.”. It agrees with the original description except that the transverse marking of the crown is yellow and the clavus is burnt orange. There is an additional specimen also without abdomen. estella, Diedrocephala Distant, 1908b:59. Lectotype 92 with labels: ‘“ Type” and “‘ Diedrocephala ; estella; type Dist.” and “ Cachabé; low c., XII, 96. ; (Rosenberg).’’ and “ Ecuador.; Rosenberg. ; 99—104.”’. excelsa, Apulia Distant, 1908a: 525. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “Apulia ; excelsa; type Dist.’’. There are two additional ° in the collection. excludens, Proconia Walker, 1858a:98. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ excludens Walk ”’ and “ Venez ’”’ and “68.4”. The specimen is moulded. The original description is poor. extricans, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 216. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia extricans.”’ and ‘52; 96; Brazil; Santarem’’. It is the only specimen in the collection. ezba, Amblydisca Distant, 1908b: 69. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘““ Amblydisca ; ezba Dist. ; type’ and “‘ Cachabé, ; low c., I. 97. ; (Rosenberg).”’ and ‘“‘ Ecuador. ; Rosenberg. ; 99-104.”’. This is the only specimen in the collec- tion. The paler markings of the original description are obsolescent. fausta, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 198. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia fausta.”’ and “‘ St. Dom. ; 55r1.”’. feralis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 254. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia ; feralis, Fowler.; 9 TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 2—3000 ft. ; Champion.”’ and the B.C.A. label. The 3 mentioned in the original description is probably correctly associated. fervens, Dilobopterus Walker, 1851b: 809. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ 8. Dilobopterus fervens ”’ and “ Para ”’ figurata, Aulacizes Fowler, 1898a: 216. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and ‘“ Aulacizes; figurata Fowler; TYPE.” and ‘ Cuernavaca,; Morelos. ; June. H..H.S.” and the B.C.A. label. flaccida, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 278. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and “ T. flaccida ; Fowler. TYPE.” and ‘“ Mexico. ; Sallé Coll.” and the B.C.A. label. flammeicolor, Pherodes Fowler, 18g9b : 226. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type ”’ and “ Pherodes; flammeicolor.; Fowler TYPE.” and ‘“ Teapa.; Tabasco. ; H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. The specimen is very teneral. flavidipes, Ujna Distant, 1917a : 313. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type; H. T.” and “‘ Ujna; flavidipes; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Mahé ’o8—9 ; Seychelles Exp.”’ and ““Seychelle Islands, ; Percy Sladen Trust; Expedition. ; 1913-170.”’. ’ 176 DD: AS ¥OUNG flavivitta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 271. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; flavivitta.; Fowler, TYPE.” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero, 4600 ft.; June. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. Of the two 3 glued to the same card the lectotype is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. flora, Apulia Distant, 1908a:526. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Apulia ; flora ; type Dist.” and “‘ Paramba,; 3500’. IV. 97.; Dry season. ; (Rosenberg).”” There is an additional short series of specimens. The right fore wing is missing from the lectotype. fluctuosa, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a: 211. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ Amblydisca; fluctuosa. Fowler; TYPE” and “ Caldera,; 1200 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of two 92 glued to the same card and is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. The original English description is poor, the Latin better. The specimen agrees fairly well with the original illustration. fowleri, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b:67. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘‘Oncometopia; fowleri; type Dist.” and “‘Oncometopia; speculifera. Wlk.” and “ Teapa,; Tabasco.; March. H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. fractilinea, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e : 255. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; fractilinea Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. fusca, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 741. Holotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “35. Tettigonia fusca.” and “47; 25’. The abdomen had been glued to the thorax (and inverted). There are two additional 2 from Paraguay (published type locality : “‘ Columbia ’’) which are not conspecific with the holotype. fuscipennis, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899b: 230. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero.; 4600 ft.; June. H. H. Smith.” and “O. fusci- pennis; Fowler.’”’ and the B.C.A. label. There was an additional specimen, without head, labeled ‘‘ Type ”’. fuscolineella, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 290. Lectotype the ¢ of a pair of speci- mens glued to the same card. Labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“ Atoyac,; Vera Cruz. ; Schumann.” and “ Tettigonia ; fuscolineella; Fowler. TYPE.” and the B.C.A. label. fusiformis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 752. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia fusiformis.’’. The specimen is moulded and one wing is missing. ganesa, Kolla Distant, 1918b: 8. Lectotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Kolla ; ganesa ; type Dist.” and “ Kodai Kanal. ; S. India ; T. V. Campbell,” and ‘‘ 684” and “S. India. ; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60... The lectotype is one of two 92 glued to the same card and is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. garialis, Namsangia Distant, 1908g:259. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and ‘“‘Namsangia; garialis; type Dist’’ and “ Margharita; (Doherty) ”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383’. The legend under the original illustration of this species belongs to Vangama steneosaura and vice versa. There are several additional specimens in the collection. CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N.H.) 177 gaudens, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 743. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “4o. Tettigonia gaudens.” and “ Ega”’. gelida, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:751. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “55. Tettigonia gelida.’’ and ‘“ Java’’. The bluish white bloom of the original description is sparse. Walker over-emphasized the flattening of the face. gemina, Tettigoniella Distant, 1918b:2. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; gemina; type Dist.” and ‘‘ 569” and “‘S. India. ; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.’’. The original description is poor. There are no paired discal spots on the crown and there is no median carina on the pronotum. The holotype is the only specimen in the collection. germana, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 242. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigonia; germana. Fowler.; TYPE.” and “‘ Xucumanatlan; Guer- rero,; 7000 ft.; July. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is not very good. gigas, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a: 212. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ““ Amblydisca ; gigas. Fowler; TYPE” and “ Costa Rica.; Salle.’’ and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional 9 in the collection. grandis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 745. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“ Type” and ‘43. Tettigonia grandis.”’ and “ Constancia; Jany, 1857. H. Clark.’’. granulata, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 195. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia granulata.”’ and “‘ Mex’. gregalis, Kolla Distant, 1908g: 226. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type; H. T.” and “ Kolla; gregalis; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Assam” and ‘“ Distant Coll. ; IgII-383.’. There were two additional 9 in the collection. guerreroensis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d : 246. Lectotype 2 with labels : ‘‘ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia; guerreroensis; Fowler. TYPE.” and ‘ Xucumanatlan ; Guerrero, ; 7000 ft.; July. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The abdomen is glued separately to the card which bears the lectotype. guttivitta, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b: 301. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ guttivitta’’ and ‘Celeb; Wallace’ and “68.4.” It agrees with the original description except that there are only three ramified lines on the crown. habilis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 218. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “‘ habilis, type Dist.” and “Type; H. T.” and “ Nilgiri; (Hampson)’’. It is the only specimen in the collection. hamleti, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b: 63. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘“ Oncometopia; hamleti; type Dist.’’ and “Constancia; Jany. 1857. ; H. Clark.”’. hastata, Ciccus Walker, 1858b: 245. Holotype ¢ with labels: “Type” and “Ciccus hastatus.” and “‘Santarem; Brazil’’. The “‘ foliaceous appendages ”’ of the abdomen of the original description are merely the pygofer. This is the only specimen in the collection. helena, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 210. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type ; H. T.” and “‘helena ; type Dist.’’: and “ Kandy, ; Ceylon, 7-02” and “ 1162” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383... It is the only specimen in the collection. 178 D. A. YOUNG herbida, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 769. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘95. Tettigonia herbida.’’ and “ 836.’’. The original description is poor. hopinensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1918b:3. Holotype 3 with labels: “ Type; H.T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; hopinensis ; type Dist.”’ and “U. Burma; Hopin ; 28-30.8 14; Fletcher Coll”’ and “ Pusa Coll. ; 1915-164.” and “‘ Pusa Coll.”’. horsefieldi, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 141. Lectotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “ Tettigoniella ; horsefieldi ; type Dist.” and “ 60-15; E.[ ]C.” and “71” and ‘“‘ Java,; (Horsefield.)”’. There is no keel on the crown, otherwise the original description is accurate except for the wings, which agree with the original illustration. hyala, Apulia Distant, 1908a:526. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “ Apulia; hyala; type Dist.” and “ Bolivia. ; Toungas de la Paz. ; 1903-188.”’. hydra, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a:520. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; hydra; type Dist.” and “‘ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906—263.”’. There are seven additional specimens in the collection. idonea, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 276. Lectotype gj with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; idonea. Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘“ Cerro Zunil; 4000 ft.; Cham- pion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is a 2 glued to the same card. The original illustration is not very accurate. igniceps, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b: 304. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “igniceps’”’ and “ F.”’ and “ Flores; Wallace ”’. ignifer, Ciccus Walker, 1861b: 804. Holotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “14. Ciccus ignifer.’’ and ‘‘ Colombia ”’. ignobilis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 248. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia; ignobilis Fowler; TYPE.” and ‘ Omilteme,; Guerrero, 8000 ft. ; July. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The colours are not accurate in the original illustration. The lectotype is the specimen adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card to which two 9 are glued. ignota, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 766. Holotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “89. Tettigonia ignota.” This specimen is damaged, and the only specimen in the collection. illustris, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 204. Lectotype specimen without abdo- men with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “‘illustris; type Dist.’’ and “ Assam” and “ Distant Coll.; 1g11-383.”. The original description stated that the abdomen was mutilated. There are four other specimens in the collection. immaculata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 740. Holotype 9 with labels: “ Type ”’ and “34. Tettigonia immaculata.” and “ 62”’. inca, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a:517. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Amblyscarta; inca; type Dist.” and “Cachabé; lowc. XII. 96.; (Rosenberg).”” and “‘ Ecuador ; Rosenberg, ; gg-104.”. The specimen had been repaired and was stylopized. inconspicua, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b : 303. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and ‘‘ Waig.” and “‘ Wallace” and “inconspicua’”’. The facial keel described originally involves only the clypellus. CICADELLINE TY PES UN BoM. (Ni...) 179 indefinita, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 223. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia indefinita.” and “‘ Java’. It is the only specimen in the collection. It differs from the original description in that the red markings have faded to tan and that there are six yellow spots on each fore wing : 3 each in clavus and corium. indiga, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 217. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; indiga; type Dist.”’ and “ Nilgiri; (Hampson) ” and “‘ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.” induta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b:270. Lectotype ¢§ with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; induta Fowler.; TYPE” and “ Orizaba; H.S. & F. D. G.; Dec. 1887.’’. It agrees with the original description except for the description of the fore wings: “ with a broad black line at shoulders meeting another on the sternum ”’, but this appears to be an absurdity. Other specimens in the collection are coloured quite differently or are teneral. infecta, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g:210. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; infecta ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Cal”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; IQII-383.”’. inflammata, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 215. Lectotype g with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “ inflammata ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Margherita ; (Doherty) ” and ‘‘ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.”’. infulata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 282. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; infulata.; Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 4600 ft.; June, H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The type is one of two 2 glued to the same card and is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. innervis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c : 274. Lectotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; innervis; Fowler. TYPE” and “Amula, ; Guerrero, ; 6000 ft. ; Sept. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The other specimen eligible as lectotype was teneral. innotata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:770. Holotype specimen with head, left fore wing and abdomen missing. Labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “98. Tettigonia innotata.”’ and “ Brazil’’ and “ included by Fowler; & Van Duzee in; mollipes Say.”. The fragments agree with the original description. insignior, Aulacizes Fowler, 1899a: 220. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type’ and “ Aulacizes; insignior Fowler; TYPE” and “Panama. ; Boucard.” and the B.C.A. label. The red markings are not as bright as in the original illustration. This is the only specimen in the collection. insignior, Tettigoniella Distant, 1918b:1. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type ; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; insignior; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Kodai Kanal.; S. India. ; T. V. Campbell.’”’ and “ S. India. ; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.” and “ 414’. Except that the face is not flattened and the clypellus not keeled, the specimen agrees with the original description. insignis, Bharata Distant, 1918b:12. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type’’ and “ Bharata ; insignis ; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Upper Burma ; (Thomas) ” and “ Distant Coll. ; r191r1-383.”. It is the only specimen in the collection. 180 D. A. YOUNG insignis, Kolla Distant, 1908g : 223. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type; H. T.” and “ Kolla ; insignis ; type ; Dist.’ and “ Kurseong ; 3094; 12” and “ Distant Coll. r911-383 ”’. insignis, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b : 63. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ”’ and ‘“‘ Oncometopia ; insignis. ; type Dist.” and “ Rio Grande ; do Sul; 94.16”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. insistans, Proconia Walker, 1858b: 232. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Proconia insistans.”’ and “ Rio Janeiro ; Decr. 1856.; J. Gray.’’. insolita, Proconia Walker, 1858b: 227. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Proconia insolita.”’ and “‘ Mex.” instrata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 237. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; instrata. Fowler.; TYPE” and “Cerro Zunil,; 4000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is glued beside a 9 on the same card. intacta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 746. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “45. Tetti- gonia intacta.’’ and ‘“‘ Colombia’’. There is another specimen also eligible as type in the collection. It bore no type label. intensa, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:767. Holotype 92 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘“‘go. Tettigonia intensa.”’ and “ Jamaica”. This is the only specimen in the collection. interjecta, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899b : 228. Lectotype 9 with labels : ‘‘ Type” and ‘‘ Oncometopia ; interjecta Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. intermedius, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 803. Holotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “12. Ciccus intermedius.” and two labels: “44” invidenda, Aulacizes Fowler, 1898a: 216. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“‘ Aulacizes; invidenda. Fowler; TYPE.” and “ Teleman,; Vera Paz. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. iocasta, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 213. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type; H. T.” and “‘iocasta ; type Dist.” and ‘“‘N. Annandale; Calcutta; 5-VIII-6” and “‘ Distant Coll.; 1gz1-383.”. It is the only specimen in the collection. isabellina, Aulacizes Fowler, 1899a: 217. Lectotype g¢ with labels: “ Type” and ‘“‘ Aulacizes; isabellina. Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘“ Cerro Zunil,; 4000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label and “ not Aulacizes ; syn. of spectralis Fowl. ; probably JIM”. It is the only specimen in the collection. ithra, Kolla Distant, 1908a : 530. Lectotype gj with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “ Kolla ; ithra ; type Dist.” and “ Peru.; Rosenberg.; 1906-263.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. jemima, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 519. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “‘ Tettigoniella; jemima; type Dist.”’ and “ Peru.; Rosenberg. ; 1906—263.”’. jocosa, Tettigonia Walker, 1857a: 97. Lectotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ““gocosa Walk” and “‘ Wallace”’ and “68.4” and “ Mt. Ophir’”’. The original description is poor. It is the only specimen in the collection. ’ CICADELLINE -LY. PES IN BoM. (N:.H:) 181 kharavela, Tettigoniella Distant, 1918b: 4. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigoniella; kharavela; type Dist.’ and ‘‘ Kodai Kanal; S. India. Campbell.” and “ 424’ and “S. India; E. A. Butler; 1915-60.”. It is the only specimen in the collection. klossi, Bhooria Distant, 1914d : 360. Lectotype g with labels: ‘‘ Type; H. T.” and “‘ Bhooria klossi ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Dutch ; New Guinea ; C. Boden Kloss. ; 1914-173.” and ‘‘Launch Camp; Setakwa; Utakwa Exped.; Oct. 1912.”. There is an additional specimen in the collection. kodaikana, Kolla Distant, 1918b:9. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type’”’ and ‘“Kolla; kodaikana; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Kodai Kanal.; S. India,; T. V. Campbell.” and ‘S. India.; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.’”’ and “609”. There are three additional topotypes in the collection. kotagiriensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 205. Lectotype Q with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigoniella; kotagiriensis ; type Dist.’’ and “ Kotagiri”’ and “ Atkinson. ; Coll.”. There is a series of specimens in the collection, including a g, but the latter has different markings from the 2, which agrees with the original description. lacerta, Phera Fowler, 1899b: 225. Lectotype Q with labels: “Type” and ‘“Phera lacerta; Fowler. TYPE.” and ‘“ Chilpancingo. ; Guerrero, ; 4,600 ft. ; Oct. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The pronotum is not as long as in the original illustration. laeta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 748. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘““Ega; Brazil’ and “49. Tettigonia laeta.”. There is an associated 3 in the collection. larvata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 238. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type’ and “ Tettigonia; larvata. Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘ Bugaba,; 800-1,500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The markings are darker than in the original illustration. There is an additional 9 in the collection. latifascia, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 796. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “13. Aulacizes latifascia.”’ and ‘‘ Vene ; zuela’’. There is an associated 3 in the collection. latipennis, Scaris Walker, 1851b : 833. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “3. Scaris latipennis.” and ‘‘Colum-; bia”. Except that the head is not punctate, the specimen agrees with the original description. This is the only specimen in the collection. lativittata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 281. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia; lativittata; Fowler, Type” and “ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Champion.”. There are two 9 on the same pin as the lectotype. latomarginata, Tettigoniella Distant, 1917c: 190. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type’”’ and “ Tettigoniella; latomarginata; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Queensland ; Upper North Pine ; 1900.” and ‘‘ 44D ” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1g11-383.’”’.. There are additional specimens in the collection. 182 D. AS WiOUNG lemniscata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1g00d : 283. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia; lemniscata; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Xucumanatlan, ; Guerrero.; July. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. lenea, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a:520. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; lenea ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906-263.”’. leopardina, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g : 204. Holotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type ; H. T.”’ and “ leopardina ; type Dist.’’ and “ Tenass Vall; Myitta; (Doherty).” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.”’. lepidipennis, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b : 168. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and ‘“‘lepidipennis Walk’’ and “ Wallace”? and “Sar.” and ‘68.4’. The original description is inadequate. The specimen is moulded. leucomelas, Iassus Walker, 1858b: 272. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “Tassus leucomelas.’’. The original description is poor. leucomelas, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 764. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘83. Tettigonia leucomelas.” and “ Brazil’’. The original description is poor. linearis, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 791. Holotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘4. Aulacizes linearis.” and ‘‘ B. Guiana’’. This is the only specimen in the collection. Except that the body is robust, not linear, and that the “‘ white down ”’ on the abdomen is mould, the specimen agrees with the original description. lineatus, Kolla Distant, 1908g: 224. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type; H. T.” and “‘lineatus ; type Dist.” and “‘N. C. Prov. ; November” and “ rg11-383.”’. lineolata, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b:167. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “‘lineolata Walk” and ‘“ Wallace ’”’ and “ Sar.” lineosa, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c: 240. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; lineosa Fowler; TYPE” and “ Bugaba,; 800-1,500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an associated ¢ in the collection. longa, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 740. Holotype specimen with labels: “‘ Type” and “33. Tettigonia longa.” and “ Phil; Isl.’’. The forewings have no dark markings. The specimen is badly damaged and without legs. longipes, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 748. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “50. Tettigonia longipes.” and “ Quito ”’. luculenta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 284. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; luculenta, Fowler.; Type.’ and “‘ Omilteme.; Guerrero, 8000 ft.; July. H.H. Smith.” andthe B.C.A. label. There is a pair of associated specimens, the § doubtfully conspecific. lugubris, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a: 211. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Amblydisca ; lugubris. Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 4000— 6000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The hind legs are missing. luridescens, Aulacizes Walker, 1858b: 240. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and ‘“‘ Aulacizes luridescens.”’ and ‘‘ Veneza.; 55.89”. The legs are missing and the wing apices have been broken off. This is the only specimen in the collection. lynchi, Faenius Distant, 1918b:14. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘Co-; type” and ‘‘ Faenius; lynchi; type Dist.’ and “Ind. Mus.; Darjiling; District ; CICADE DEINE DY PES DN 7B: Ms iCNeHe) 183 E. Himalayas; Lynch C.” and “2504; 21” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1gr1-383.”’. There is an additional 9 in the collection. mactata, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 216. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘“‘ Tettigonia mactata.’”’ and “‘ Veneza.; 55.80.”’. The original description is poor. This is the only specimen in the collection. maculata, Atkinsoniella Distant, 1908g : 236. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ; H. T.” and “ Atkinsoniella ; maculata; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Assam; Shillong ’”’. There is an additional 3 in the collection. maculata, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 793. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “7. Aulacizes maculata.” and “‘ 43.’’. maculatus, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 801. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “‘8. Ciccus maculatus.”’ maculicollis, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b : 302. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type’ and ‘‘ maculicollis ’’ and ““N. Gui; Wallace” and “S” and “ 68.4”’. magna, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 787. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “15. Proconia magna.” and “ Bz” and “42; 6... One fore wing is missing. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. magnifrons, Aulacizes Walker, 1858b : 238. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Aulacizes magnifrons.’’ and “ Petropolis; Feby. 1857.; J. Gray.”. It agrees with the original description except that there are three spots on the anterior portion of the pronotum instead of two. The specimen is teneral. marcia, Stictoscarta Distant, 1908b:68. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘“‘ Stictoscarta ; marcia; type Dist.” and ‘‘Amaz; Nanta”’ and “58.77. Amazon. ; Nanta.’’. marginata, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 785. Holotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “rr. Proconia marginata.” and “‘E. Doubleday.; St. John’s Bluff, ; E. Florida.”’. marpessa, Tettigoniella, 1908g : 215. Lectotype 9 with labels: “ Type; H. T.” and ‘‘marpessa; type Dist.’”’ and ‘‘ Myitta; Doherty” and “ Distant Coll. ; Ig11—383.”. The dark line across the base of the face, of the original description, is merely one of the antennae stuck to the face. This is the only specimen in the collection. mazaria, Zyzzogeton Distant, 1g08b: 84. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “‘ Zyzzogeton ; mazaria ; type Dist.” and “ R. Dagua. ; Colombia ; 96-68.”’. mediolineata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d : 244. Lectotype Jj with labels : “ Type ”’ and “ Tettigonia ; mediolineata ; Fowler, TYPE.” and ‘‘ Omilteme, ; Guerrero, ; 8000 ft.; Aug. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. medusa, Tettigonia Distant, 1893a:95. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ; H. T.” and ‘‘ medusa; Dist.’ and ‘‘ Machachi,; Ecuador.; 910,000 feet. ; Ed. Whymper.” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1gr1—383.’’. It is teneral, and the only specimen in the collection. melancholica, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 240. Lectotype 2 with labels : “‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Tettigonia ; melancholica ; Fowler, TYPE.” and ‘“‘ Bugaba, ; 800—1,500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. It agrees with the original description except ? 184 D. A. YOUNG that, in the description of the scutellum, after the word “ testaceous ’’, the word “tegmina ”’ appears to have been deleted. mimica, Kolla Distant, 1908g : 225. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type; H. T.” and ‘‘mimica; type Dist.” and “at light; Calcutta; 4—-XI-06.N. A.” and “ Distant Coll. ; r911-383.”’. miniaticeps, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 285. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigonia; miniaticeps; Fowler, TYPE.” and “ Teapa; Tabasco. ; April. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of a pair glued to the same card. miniatipennis, Oncometopia, 1899b : 231. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Oncometopia; miniatipennis.; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Milpas, Mex., ; 5900 ft.; Forrer.’”’ and the B.C.A. label. This is the only specimen in the collec- tion. The shape and colour of the head are not accurate in the original illustration. minor, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 772. Holotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ror. Tettigonia minor.”. It agrees with the interpretation of Young and Davidson, 19592 : 24. mitra, Diedrocephala Distant, 1908b:60. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Diedrocephala; mitra; type Dist.’ and “‘Cachabé; low c., XII. 96. ; (Rosenberg) ”’ and ‘‘ Ecuador. ; Rosenberg. ; 99—104.”. There are also a 9 and two specimens without abdomens in the collection. mitrata, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 140. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“‘ Tettigoniella ; mitrata; type Dist.’ and ““ Humboldt Bay” and “ Malay Archipelago. ; W. Doherty. ; 1903-31.”. There is an additional series in the collection. modulata, Bhooria Distant, 1908g: 256. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘“‘ Bhooria ; modulata ; type Dist.” and “ Ruby Mines; C. Doherty” and “ Distant Coll. ; r1g1r1—383.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. mollicella, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 289. Lectotype 9 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ T. mollicella; Fowler, TYPE” and “‘ Vera Cruz.; May. H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. mollicula, Tettigonia Fowler, 1g00d : 288. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia ; mollicula Fowler; TYPE” and “ Xucumanatlan ; Guerrero, 7,000 ft.; July. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. Of two 9 glued to the same card, the lectotype is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. monticola, Tettigonia Fowler, 18994: 244. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Tettigonia; monticola; Fowler. TYPE.” and “Sierra de las; Aguas Escondidas ; Guerrero, 9500 ft.; July. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. It is the only specimen in the collection. mouhoti, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 142. Lectotype gf with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Tettigoniella ; mouhoti ; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Siam; Mouhot”. The original description specified a 9, but there is no 2 with correct data in the collection. The lectotype agrees otherwise with the original description except that the flattening of the face is negligible. CIECADELLINE: TYPES EN (B2M2 CNeH) 185 multicolor, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 760. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ Para” and “75. Tettigonia multicolor.’’. This is the only specimen in the collection. multilineata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 241. Lectotype specimen with labels : “Type” and “ Tettigonia ; multilineata ; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Pinos Altos ; Chihuahua, ; Mexico.; Buchan—Hepburn.” and the B.C.A. label. munda, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899b : 232. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Oncometopia; munda. Fowler.; TYPE. 2” and “‘ Omilteme, ; Guer- rero.; 8000 ft. ; Aug. H.H. Smith” and the B.C.A. label. This is the only specimen in the collection. The original description is not good. mungphuensis, Kolla Distant, 1908g : 225. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ Kolla; mungphuensis ; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Mungphu”’. This and several other specimens in the collection are teneral. nasuta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 291. Lectotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; nasuta. Fowler; TYPE.” and ‘““Chiacaman,; Vera Paz.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The specimen is moulded and the apices of the fore wings are missing. It is the only specimen in the collection. neotropicalis, Teletusa Distant, 1908b: 79. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type ”’ and ‘‘ Teletusa; neotropicalis; type Dist.” and “ Peru.; Rosenberg; 1906— 263.”. Except that the fore wings are completely hyaline and that the anterior tibiae are only moderately dilated, this specimen, the only one in the collection, agrees with the original description. nigricans, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 783. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “8. Proconia nigricans.” and “E. Doubleday.; St. John’s Bluff,; E. Florida.”’. nigrifascia, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 776. Holotype g with labels: “ Type” and ‘110. Tettigonia nigrifascia.”” and ‘‘ Mexico’’. It agrees with the original description but is teneral, which accounts for the concavities in the face and on the crown. nigrifrons, Tettigoniella Distant, 1917c : 190. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ” and “‘ Tettigoniella ; nigrifrons ; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Buar vii. 1914 ; Cameroons.”’ and ‘“‘ 1917-89.”’. nigrilux, Ciccus Walker, 1858b:246. Holotype Q with labels: “ Type” and “ Ciccus nigrilux.” and ‘“‘ Mex ”’. notanda, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 257. Lectotype @ with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and ‘“‘ Tettigonia ; notanda; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Panama” and “ Boward ”’ and the B.C.A. label. It agrees well with the original description but the original illustration is poor. notaticeps, Tettigonia Fowler, 1g00c : 273. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ Tototonicapam,; 85-10,500 ft.; Champion.” and “T. notaticeps. ; Fowler, TYPE.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is not good. This is the only specimen in the collection. 186 D. A; YOUNG oaxacae, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899c : 234. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“ Type” and “‘ 58.135. Mex.; (Oajaca.)’’ and “ Proconia; oajacae; Fowler TYPE ”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. obliqua, Aulacizes Walker, 1858b: 239. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“* Aulacizes obliqua.” and ‘‘ Mex ”’. obliquus, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 800. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “6, Ciccus obliquus.” and “ 42”’ and “ Bz”’. obscura, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 738. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “28. Tettigonia obscura ’”’ and “ E. Ind ”’. obscurior, Phera Fowler, 1899a: 224. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and ‘“Phera ; obscurior ; Fowler. TYPE.” and“ San Isidro, ; 1600 ft. ; Champion.”’. obtusa, Aulacizes Walker, 1858b: 239. Holotype 2 with labels: “Type” and ‘““ Aulacizes obtusa.”’ and “‘ Rio Janeiro ; Decr. 1856.; J. Gray.”. The specimen is teneral. obtusifrons, Phera Fowler, 1899a : 223. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and ‘“Phera; obtusifrons; Fowler. TYPE. g” and “Cerro Zunil,; 4-5000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration was made from a Q. obtusior, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 278. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; obtusior.; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 25-4000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional 9 in the collection. ochraceus, Ciccus Walker, 1858b: 244. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type’ and “Mex.” and “‘ Ciccus ochraceus.”’. ofella, Amblydisca Distant, 1908b: 71. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and ‘““ Amblydisca ; ofella; type 2 Dist.’ and “ Toungas de la Paz.; 1903-188.”. There is an additional topotypic J. opponens, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 757. Holotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “71. Tettigonia opponens.” and “N. India”’. opulenta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 747. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘47. Tettigonia opulenta.”” and ‘“‘ Veneza.; 55.89.”. The original des- cription is poor. There is an additional 3 in the collection. orbata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 286. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; orbata Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Teapa,; Tabasco. ; April. H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. ostrina, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 257. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; ostrina Fowler. ; TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 25-4000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. . pallescens, Pisacha Distant, 1908g: 231. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type; H. T.” and “ Pisacha; pallescens.; type Dist.’’ and “ Myitta; Doherty” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1gr1-383.”’. pallida, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 776. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “rrr. Tettigonia pallida.”’ and ‘“ Mexico ’’. pallipes, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 765. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “86. Tettigonia pallipes.”’ and “ Brasil ’’. ’ CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N.H.-) 187 panamensis, Aulacizes Fowler, 1899a: 219. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘ Aulacizes ; panamensis; Fowler. TYPE.’ and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is poor. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. paraguayensis, Teletusa Distant, 1908b: 78. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Teletusa ; paraguayensis ; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Paraguay. ; San Bernardino. ; K. Fiebrig. ; 1905—327.’”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. parallela, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 788. Holotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “18. Proconia parallela.” and ‘‘ Vene ; zuela”’. pardalina, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 238. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; pardalina Fowler.; TYPE” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 25-4000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. Except that there is only one spot behind the transverse line on the fore wing, the specimen agrees with the original des- cription. paulula, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 219. Holotype ¢ with labels: ‘“ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia paulula.”” and “‘ Ceylon’’. The specimen is badly damaged. pectoralis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 285. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Tettigonia; pectoralis.; Fowler. TYPE” and an illegible pencilled label and ‘‘ Chilpancingo,; Guerrero,; 4600 ft.; June. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The wings and posterior half of the pronotum are deep green, and the black face is visible from above as a narrow black anterior margin to the crown. Otherwise, the specimen agrees with the original description. perakensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1g08f:141. Lectotype 3g with labels: “Type”; H. T.” and “ perakensis ; type Dist.” and “ Perak, ; Doherty.” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383.’’. It is the only specimen in the collection. persistans, Proconia Walker, 1858b : 232. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “ Proconia persistans.” and “ Petropolis; Feby. 1857.; J. Gray.”. The specimen is teneral. peruviensis, Teletusa Distant, 1908b:79. Lectotype g with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ Teletusa ; peruviensis ; type Dist.” and “‘ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906—263.”’. peruviensis, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b:67. Lectotype 3g with labels: “Type ’”’ and “‘ Oncometopia ; peruviensis ; type Dist.’’ and “ Peru. ; Rosen- berg ; 1906-263... There is an additional ¢ in the collection. Pphalaesia, Aulacizes Distant, 1908b:74. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘“‘ Aulacizes ; phalaesia; type Dist.’ and “ Bolivia.; J. Steinbach. ; r1gq04— 311.”. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. philippina, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 740. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type’ and “‘ 32. Tettigonia Philippina.”’ and “ Phil; Isl’’. There are six additional 2 in the collection. picta, Amblyscarta Distant, 1908a:517. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and ‘“‘ Amblyscarta; picta; type Dist.’ and “ Bolivia; Toungas de la Paz ; 1903-188.”’. picta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 758. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “72. Tettigonia picta.” and “ 829”. , 188 D. Ac YOUNG pileata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 287. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ V. de Chiri- qui, ; 2-3000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There are additional 9 specimens in the collection. piperata, Aulacizes Fowler, 1898a:215. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “‘ Aulacizes ; piperata. Fowler.; TYPE” and “‘ Xucumanatlan, Guerrero, ; 7000 ft.; July. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is poor. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. plagiata, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 788. Holotype 9 with labels: “ Type” and “17, Proconia plagiata.’”’ and “ 621’. plumbea, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 754. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “62. Tettigonia plumbea.” and “46; 62’. There is an additional speci- men, without abdomen, in the collection. postfumata, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a : 210. Lectotype g with labels : “‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Amblydisca; postfumata; Fowler. TYPE.” and “V. de Chiriqui, ; 25-4000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. praestantior, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e : 254. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Tettigonia ; praestantior ; Fowler TYPE ”’ and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. praeterita, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 243. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; praeterita; Fowler TYPE.” and “‘ Xucumanatlan, ; Guerrero, ; 7000 ft.; July. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional ? in the collection. prasina, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 768. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “‘g2. Tettigonia prasina.”” and ‘“‘ Hudson’s Bay’. It agrees with Young and Davidson’s (1959a : 9) interpretation of the species. primitiva, Pisacha Distant, 1908g:231. Lectotype 9 with labels: “ Type; H. T.” and “ Pisacha ; primitiva ; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Ruby Mines; (Doherty) ”’ and “ Distant Coll.; r1g11—383.”. It agrees with the original description, but there is nothing at all unusual about the spines of the hind tibiae. The original illustration is much more robust than the specimen. princeps, Baramapulana Distant, 19g10e : 235. Holotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type ; H. T.” and “ Baramapulana; princeps; type; Dist.’ and “ Johannesburg ; 6000 ft. 1899; J. P. Cregoe”’ and “ Distant Coll. ; r1911-383.”. producta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:772. Holotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “102. Tettigonia producta.” and ‘“E. Doubleday.; St. John’s Bluff; E. Florida.”’. The specimen agrees with the interpretation of Young and Davidson (1959a : I9.). prolixa, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 275. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; prolixa. Fowler; TYPE” and “ Atoyac, Vera Cruz. ; May. H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. It is the specimen adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card bearing two 9. pronotalis, Kolla Distant, 1918b:8. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ Kolla ; pronotalis ; type Dist.: and ‘“‘ ror.6” and “ Lovedale ; Nilgiri Hills. ; CICADELLINE: TY PESoIN BLM. (N GH.) 189 S. India. 7200 ft.; T. V. Campbell.” and “ S. India. ; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.”’. Of the two 2 on the same card, the lectotype is between two red marks I placed on the card. Distant twice described the lateral spots of the anterior margin of the head—once on the vertex and once on the face. He did not mention a yellow spot at the middle of the anterior margin of the pronotum. pruinosa, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 743. Holotype g with labels: “ Type”’ and ‘‘ 39. Tettigonia pruinosa.” and “ Colum-; bia’’. Except that the head is not semicircular, and that the face is scarcely flattened, the lectotype agrees with the original description. The specimen is somewhat teneral, heavily parasitized, and without hind legs. It is the only specimen in the collection. pruinosa, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 755. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type” and “64. Tettigonia pruinosa”’ and “40; 56”. psittacella, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 290. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigonia; psitacella; Fowler. TYPE.’ and “Teapa.; Tabasco. ; H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. It is one of a pair of specimens glued to the same card. ptolyca, Diestostemma Distant, 1908b: 82. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type’ and “‘ Diestostemma ; ptolyca; type Dist.’ and “ Theresopolis ; 88—137.”’ and one additional illegible label consisting only of numbers. The specimen is some- what teneral. There is one additional ¢ in the collection. pumicata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 246. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type’ and ‘‘ Tettigonia ; pumicata; Fowler. TYPE” and “ V. de Chiriqui; 4,000— 6,000 ft.; Champion” and the B.C.A. label. It agrees with the original des- cription and illustration. It is laterally compressed posteriorly, however, as a result of having been wet. The lectotype is the one of two 9 specimens which is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card to which they are glued. punctosus, Ciccus Walker, 1858b: 246. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and ‘““Ciccus punctosus.” and “ Tejuca; Jany. 1857.; H. Clark.”. There is an additional @ in the collection. pupula, Tettigonia Kirby, 1891a: 169. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; pupula; Kb type; [one illegible word]”’ and “ Pundaloya ; Ceylon” and “‘10o0’’. It is the only specimen in the collection. purpurascens, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a:259. Lectotype 92 with labels: “Type” and “V. de Atitlan; 25-3500 ft.; Champion.” and “ Tettigonia ; purpurascens ; Fowler. TYPE.” and the B.C.A. label. It is much less distinctly marked than in the original description. It is the only specimen in the collection. pythonis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g : 207. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; pythonis ; type Dist.” and “‘ Tenass Vall; Myitta (Doherty).’”’ and “‘ Distant Coll. ; 1g11-383.’”’._ This is the only specimen in the collection. quadrimacula, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:741. Holotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “36. Tettigonia quadrimacula.” and ‘“‘ Colum ; bia”’. quadrinotata, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899b: 230. Lectotype 92 with labels: “Type” and ‘“‘ Oncometopia ; quadrinotata.; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Jalisco, , , ’ 190 D. A. YOUNG Mex. ; July. ; Schumann.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is not very good. Of the two ¢ specimens associated with the 2 by Fowler, one that is badly damaged appears to be conspecific with the 2 ; the other not. quinquesignata, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b:194. Lectotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia; 5-signata.”” and ‘“‘ Mex”’. It differs from the original description in that the scutellum is black basally and at the apex, only the disc being yellow. There is an additional ¢ specimen. raja, Kolla Distant, 1918b:7. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘Co-; type” and “ Kolla; raja; cotype Dist.” and “ Siliguri; N. Bengal.; 18-20. VII.07”’. The original description is poor. ramana, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 138. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigoniella ; ramana; type Dist.’’ and ‘“‘ Sumatra, Erichson. ; 98—222.’’. The blue colour of the original description is a pruinosity. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. recta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 264. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia ; recta Fowler.; TYPE” and “ Venta de Zopilote,; Guerrero, 2800 ft.; Oct. H.H. Smith.’’ and the B.C.A. label. redacta, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c : 276. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “Pena Blanca,; 3000-4000 ft.; Champion.” and “T. redacta; Fowler TYPE: reducta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 739. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “‘30. Tettigonia reducta.” and “‘ Hong; Kong’”’. redundans, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e : 251. Lectotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; redundans; Fowler, TYPE” and “ Cahabon; Vera Paz. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The original illustration is not very good. There are several additional specimens in the collection. reservata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 267. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; reservata.; Fowler; TYPE.” and “ Atoyac,; Vera Cruz. ; April. H.H.S.” and the B.C.A. label. The specimen is the one of two 9, glued to the same card, which is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. The other 2 has a missing wing. resimus, Catorthorrhinus Fowler, 1898a:213. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type ”’ and “ Catorthorhinus ; resimus, Fowler ; TYPE.” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 25-4000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The markings along the claval suture are brown instead of green as in the original illustration. resolubilis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 236. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and ‘‘ Tettigonia ; resolubilis. ; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Capetillo, ; Guatemala, ; G. C. Champion.”’ and the B.C.A. label. reversa, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 215. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigonia reversa.’’ and ‘‘ Petropolis ; Feby 1857.; H. Clark.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. richmondensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1917c: 191. Lectotype 9 with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; richmondensis ; type Dist.” and “ 51” and “ 1911— 190.”’._ This is the only specimen in the collection. ’ CICADELEINE TYPES TNs B,M. (NH) 19I robusta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 777. Holotype 9 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “13. Tettigonia robusta.” and “18.”. Except that the head is broader than the thorax, that the face is not flat and the “ epistoma ’’ not keeled, the specimen agrees with the original description. robustula, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 288. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type’ and “ T. robustula; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Sierra de las ; Aguas Escondidas, ; Guerrero, 9500 ft.; July. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The original description and illustration are not good. rosenbergi, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a : 518. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type’ and ‘‘ Amblyscarta ; rosenbergi; type; Dist.’ and ‘“ Cachabé; lowc., XI. 96. ; (Rosenberg).”’ and ‘“‘ Ecuador, ; Rosenberg. ; gg—104.’’._ There are two additional 2 in the collection. rubescens, Oncometopia Fowler, 1899¢ : 233. Lectotype $ with labels : ‘‘ Type ”’ and ‘“‘ Oncometopia; rubescens. Fowler.; TYPE” and “ David,; Chiriqui. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. It agrees with the original illustration except that the anterolateral margins of the crown are convex and that the apex is not angulate. rubricollis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 260. Lectotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia; rubricollis.; Fowler. TYPE” and ‘‘ Omilteme; Guerrero ; 8000 ft.; Aug. H.H. Smith” and the B.C.A. label. There are two additional specimens in the collection. rubriguttata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 763. Lectotype 9 with labels : ““ Type ”’ and “82. Tettigonia rubriguttata’’ and “‘W Coast; of Am”’. There is an additional ° in the collection. rufa, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 742. Lectotype gj with labels: ‘“ Type” and “37. Tettigonia rufa.” and ‘‘ Vene-; zuela”’. ruficaput, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 766. Holotype @ with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “87. Tettigonia ruficaput.’”’ and ‘‘ Colum-; bia’”’. It agrees with the origi- nal description except that the face is not flattened. ruficauda, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 763. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type’ and “81. Tettigonia ruficauda.” and “ Brazil’”’. The head is not concave on the anterior margin. Otherwise the specimen agrees with the original description. ruficeps, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 196. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ruficeps.”” and “‘Guatim; ala’. It agrees with the original description except that the anterior band of the thorax is red, not white. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. ruficeps var. deficiens, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c : 236. Lectotype 2 with labels : “Type” and “T. ruficeps; v. deficiens.; Fowler. TYPE.’’ and “ Cache. ; Costa Rica. ; H. Rogers.” and the B.C.A. label. There is a topotypic ¢ in the collection. ruficeps var. trilineata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899c: 236. Lectotype 9 with labels : “Type ’”’ and “ Tett. ruficeps ; var trilineosa; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ David, ; Chiriqui.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There are twelve additional 9 in the collection. ? ? ? 192 D, A. YOUNG ruficosta, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b: 302. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “‘ ruficosta’’ and “ Wallace”’ and “68.4” and “ Bac.’”’. Except that the head is wider than the pronotum, the specimen agrees with the original description. There is an additional specimen in the collection. rufifacies, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 802. Holotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type” and “zx. Ciccus rufifacies.”’ and “ Bz” and “ 40; 16”’. rufimargo, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 197. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘ Type”’ and “‘ Tettigonia rufimargo.”’ and “‘ Mex.’’. There is an additional 9 in the collec- tion. rufimargo var. propior, Tettigonia Fowler, t900d: 284. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”? and “ Bugaba,; Panama.; Champion.” and “ T. rufimargo Walk ; v. propior. Fowler.; TYPE.” and the B.C.A. label. There are several additional specimens in the collection. rufiventris, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 796. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type”’ and “12. Aulacizes rufiventris.” and ‘“E. Doubleday.; St. John’s Bluff, ; E. Florida.’’. rufoapicata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 286. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia ; rufapicata; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1,500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The dark markings are much more pronounced than in the original illustration. rufofasciata, Tettigonia Distant, 1879b:63. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ rufo- fasciata ; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Cache, ; Costa Rica.; H. Rogers.” and “ Distant Coll. ; 1911-383... There is an additional ¢ in the collection. sagittarius, Ciccus Walker, 1858b: 245. Holotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “Ciccus sagittarius.” and ‘“Santar; em’’. It is very teneral, and the only specimen in the collection. salutaris, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 281. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia ; salutaris Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Bugaba, Panama. ; Cham- pion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is a mixed series associated with the lectotype. salvini, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a: 209. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Amblydisca; salvini. Fowler.; TYPE” and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1000 ft. ; Champion.”. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. sandaracata, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g:217. Lectotype @Q with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella ; sandaracata; type Dist.” and “ Nilgiri ; (Hampson) ” and “ Distant Coll. ; rgr1-383.”. There is an additional 3 in the collection. , sanguinans, Tettigonia Walker, 1858b: 212. Holotype 3 with labels: “ Type”’ and ‘‘ Tettigonia sanguinans.” and “ Tejuca; Jany 1857.; H. Clark.”. sanguinosa, Scaris, 1858a: 101. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type”’ and “ san- guinosa Walk” and “Col-l-; grass” and ‘“ Bogota; Santo [ Junato” and eer eae sarawakensis, Bhandara Distant, 1908f: 143. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Sara- wak.; Shelford.; 1go0-117.”. The original description specified a 9. The CICA D WL LiEN Bah YIP E 3) 2PN: Br Mea Ne Eee) 193 collection contains a teneral ¢ with a “‘type”’ label. There is another ¢ in the collection. satelles, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 288. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘“‘ T. satelles; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Teapa,; Tabasco.; H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. There is another topotypic 2 without a head. schonlandi, Tettigoniella Distant, Igt0e: 233. Lectotype @2 with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella; schonlandi; type Dist.”” and “ Albany ; Museum; Grahams; Town.” and “ Distant Coll.; 1g11-383.’’ and “‘ Natal ; June 12; Mr. Blake; way.”. It is the only specimen in the collection. The fore wing is missing. scita, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 753. Holotype g with labels: “ Type” and ‘60. Tettigonia scita’’ and “‘ Vene-; zuela”’. The head had been glued on. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. scitipennis, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b: 168. Lectotype g with labels: “ Type ”’ and “‘scitipennis Walk’ and “ Sar.”’ and “ Wallace ”’ and “68.4”. The original description is poor. The head and pronotum are greatly distorted. This is the only specimen in the collection. scutellaris, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b : 303. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘scutellaris ”’ and ‘‘ Wallace’ and “ Bac.” and ‘68.4’. The specimen is somewhat teneral. The type locality is probably Bachian, Celebes. scutellata, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 786. Holotype 3 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ 13. Proconia scutellata.” and “‘190’’. The original description, although not good, is believed to have been made from this specimen. Dr. Heinz Schréder had studied the specimen. scutellata, Tettigonia Distant, 1879b:62. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type ; H. T.” and “ scutellata; type Dist.’ and “ Irazu,; 6~-7000 ft.; H. Rogers.’ and ‘‘ Distant Coll. ; 1g11-383.”’. There is also a J in the collection. semirasa, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 245. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and ‘‘ Tettigonia ; semirasa Fowler; TYPE.” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero, 4600 ft.; June. H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. Of two @ glued to the same card, the lectotype is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. The lectotype is darker than the original illustration. semivitta, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 752. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and “58. Tettigonia semivitta.”’ and “622”. This is the only specimen in the collection. separanda, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e : 249. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type ”’ and “ Tettigonia; separanda; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Omilteme, ; Guerrero, 8000 ft.; July. H.H.Smith.’. It is one of two 9 glued to the same card and is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. septemguttata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b:104. Holotype @2 with labels: “Type” and ‘104. Tettigonia 7-guttata.”’ and ‘“ E. Doubleday.; St. John’s Bluff, ; E. Florida.’”’. It agrees with Young and Davidson’s (1959a : 13) interpre- tation. 194 D. A. YOUNG signifera, Tettigonia Walker, 1857b: 168. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ signifera Walk” and “ Sar.” and “ Wallace”’ and “ 68.4.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. It is moulded. sikhimensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g:217. Lectotype 9 with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia; sikhimensis; type; Dist.’’ and “ Sikkim.”. The venter is moulded. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. similis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 769. Holotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and “‘96. Tettigonia similis.” and “ 21.” and “ 21.”’.. This is the only specimen in the collection. sistens, Tettigonia, 1858a:95. Lectotype jg with labels: “‘ Type” and “ sistens Walk” and “‘M. Video; Bz” and “68.4”. The specimen is very teneral, moulded and the wings are damaged. sociata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 262. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; sociata Fowler. ; TYPE” and “‘ Bugaba, ; Panama. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of a pair of specimens glued to the same card. It agrees with the original illustration and with the original description of the banded form. The ¢ is entirely black except for a pair of anteapical costal spots on each fore wing. sororia, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 272. Lectotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: ‘‘ Type”? and “ Tettigonia; sororia. Fowler.; TYPE.” and “Cuernavaca,; Morelos.; June. H. H. S.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional 3 which is doubtfully conspecific. spectabilis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 519. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Amblyscarta ; spectabilis ; type Dist.’”’ and “‘ Toungas de la Paz. ; 1903- 1832", spectanda, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d: 285. Holotype 9 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; spectanda; Fowler. TYPE” and “Cent. Amer.” and the B.C.A. label. spectra, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g: 211. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “spectra; Dist.’’ and ‘Ind. Mus.” and ‘Sara Ghat; 29-30/6/06” and “ Distant Coll. ; 19r1-383.”’. spectralis, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 256. Lectotype g with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; spectralis. Fowler.; TYPE” and “ Cerro Zunil, ; 4—5000 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional series of specimens in the collection. speculifera, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 790. Holotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and ‘‘ 21. Proconia speculifera.”. This is the only specimen in the collection. stella, Onega Distant, 1908a:528. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; stella ; type Dist.’”’ and “‘ Cotypes, Breddin. ; Purch. of Haensch, ; Tettigonia ; spec. nov.” and “ Baiza; (Ecuad.); R. Haensch S.” and “ 123” and ‘‘ 1903-322... It agrees with the original description except that the fore wings are quite coriaceous. It is the only specimen in the collection. stellaris, Aulacizes Walker, 1858b: 238. Lectotype ¢ with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Aulacizes stellaris.”” and ‘“‘ Mex.”’. CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N.H.) 195 stesilea, Diestostemma Distant, 1908b: 83. Holotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Diestostemma ; stesilea; type Dist.” and “ Graniplaya; Bolivia’”’. stipata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 749. Holotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and ‘52. Tettigonia stipata”’ and “ Quito’’. The shape of the anterior margin of the head is paraboloid, not semicircular as in the original description. The specimen is teneral. There is an additional specimen in the collection. subflava, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 762. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ 80. Tettigonia subflava.”’ and “ Vene; zuela’’. This is the only specimen in the collection. subsignata, Tettigonia Walker, 1858a:96. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and “subsignata; Walk.” and “‘inclinans’”’. In the original description, the black spots between the eyes are simply the ocelli (not black). This is the only specimen in the collection. It is probably from the Western Hemisphere. sulphurata, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908g:216. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type; H. T.” and “ Tettigoniella; sulphurata; type Dist.” and “ Ruby Mines; (Doherty) ’’ and “ Distant Coll.; 1g11-383.”. There is no unusual ridging on the pronotum. There is an additional 3 in the collection. superflua, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d : 248. Lectotype g with labels: “ Type” and “ Tettigonia; superflua; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Omilteme,; Guerrero ; 8000 ft.; July. H.H.Smith.”. The lectotype is one of a pair of specimens glued to the same card and is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. There are additional specimens, some of which are not conspecific with the lectotype, in the collection. The original was a composite description including the latter. sylvanella, Tettigoniella Distant, 1918b: 3. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and “ Tettigoniella; sylvanella; type Dist.”” and “‘ Kodai Kanal; S. India ; W. V. Campbell” and “S. India; E. A. Butler; 1915-60.’’. The specimen is teneral. There is an additional 9 in the collection. taeniata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 257. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and ‘ Tettigonia; taeniata. Fowler.; TYPE.” and “ Bugaba,; Panama. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. There is also a teneral 3, used for the original illustration, in the collection. tamborensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1go8f:139. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; tamborensis ; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Tambora, Sam- bawa,; Malay Archipelago.; W. Doherty. ; 1903-31.”’. tapes, Amblydisca Fowler, 1898a: 210. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Amblydisca ; tapes. Fowler; TYPE.” and “ Sabo, ; Vera Paz. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. It is the only specimen in the collection. teliformis, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 764. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “84. Tettigonia teliformis.’”’ and “‘ E. Doubleday.; Trenton Falls,; New York.”’. It does not agree very well with the original description. tenebrosa, Proconia Walker, 1851b: 787. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “16. Proconia tenebrosa’”’ and ‘‘E. Doubleday.; St. John’s Bluff, E. Florida.’’. , 196 D. A. YOUNG tenella, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 770. Holotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “N. Amer.” and “ Ent. Club.; 44.12.” and “97. Tettigonia tenella.”. It is the only specimen in the collection. teres, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900d : 287. Lectotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero. ; 4600 ft.; June. H. H. Smith.” and “ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; teres Fowler.; TYPE.” and the B.C.A. label. It is one of two 9 glued to the same card, and is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. terminalis, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 793. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and ‘8. Aulacizes terminalis.’”’ and “ Brazil’’. terminalis, Diestostemma Walker, 1851b: 798. Holotype 2 with labels : “Type ”’ and “2. Diestostemma terminalis.” and “ Brazil’’ and ‘‘612”’. The specimen is teneral. terminalis, Proconia, 1851b: 787. Lectotype 3 with labels: ‘“ Type” and “ 14. Proconia terminalis.”’. testaceus, Ciccus Walker, 1851b: 800. Holotype 2 with labels: “ Type” and “7, Ciccus testaceus.’’. The specimen is teneral. testudinaria, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e : 251. Lectotype g with labels: ‘“‘ Type” and “ Tettigonia ; testudinaria; Fowler. TYPE” and “‘ Bugaba; 800-1,500 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of three specimens glued to the same card and is opposite a red mark I placed on the card. The original illustration is poor. thalia, Tettigoniella Distant, 1918b: 2. Lectotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; thalia; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Ind. Mus.; Kurseong; 6,000 ft. ; E. Himalayas; 11-IX-og.; D’Abreu”’ and “ Distant Coll.; 1g911-383.”. It agrees with the non-parenthetical portions of the original description, but the face is not flattened. The type series is mixed. thea, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 520. Holotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; thea; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Peru 263; Rosenberg. ; 1906—263.”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. tigrina, Kolla Distant, 1918b: 9. Lectotype g with labels: “‘ Type” and “ Kolla ; tigrina ; type Dist.” and ‘“‘ Kodai Kanal; S. India; Campbell.” and “ 604” and “‘S. India.; E. A. Butler. ; 1915-60.’’. The lectotype is between two red marks on the card bearing it and two additional specimens. timorensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f : 139. Lectotype 9 with labels : “‘ Type ”’ and “‘ Tettigoniella ; timorensis ; type Dist.” and “‘ Wetter, near Timor, ; Malay Archipelago.; W. Doherty.; 1903-31.”. There is an additional specimen, without abdomen, from Timor in the collection. ; tissa, Abana Distant, 1908b : 73. Lectotype 3 with labels : “‘ Type” and “ Abana; tissa; type Dist.” and “Cachabé; low c., XII. 96.; (Rosenberg).’”’ and “Ecuador. ; Rosenberg. ; 99-104.’’. There is also a topotypic ¢ in the collection. tolosa, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 521. Lectotype 3 with labels: “ Type” and “‘ Tettigoniella ; tolosa; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Peru. ; Rosenberg. ; 1906-263.”’. tomentosa, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b : 67. Lectotype 9 with labels : “‘ Type” and ‘‘ Oncometopia ; tomentosa; type Dist.’’ and “‘ Equador.; Rosenberg. ; CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N.H.) 197 g9-104.”” and “‘Chimbo,; 1000’. VIII. 97.; (Rosenberg).’”’ and ‘“ Tretogonia bis. Gage transfuga, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899d: 247. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia; transfuga. Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘‘ Omilteme,; Guerrero, 8000 ft.; July, H. H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The scutellum is not black- margined as in the original description, but is as in the original illustration. There is an additional 9 and a teneral ¢ in the collection. tripars, Tettigonia Walker, 1857a: 97. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ tripars Walk” and “ Malch ” and “ Wallace ”’ and “ 68.4”’. triplaga, Aulacizes Walker, 1858a: 100. Holotype ¢ with labels: “‘ Type” and “Para ”’ and “ triplaga WIk.’’. tripuncta, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b : 303. Lectotype $ with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and “ tripunctata’’ and ‘“‘ Wallace”’ and “Cer.” and “68.4... The face and the genitalia are damaged. The specimen is teneral. trivirgata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900a: 259. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘“ Type”’ and “ Tettigonia ; trivirgata.; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1,500 ft. ; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. Of two ¢ glued to the same card, the lectotype is adjacent to a red mark I placed on the card. There is an additional ¢ in the collection. tunicata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900b: 271. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and “ T. tunicata; Fowler. TYPE.” and “ Chilpancingo, ; Guerrero, 4600 ft. ; June. H.H. Smith.” and the B.C.A. label. The lectotype is one of two specimens on the same card and is adjacent to the red mark I placed on the card. The original description is poor, the original illustration worse. There is an additional 3 in the collection. typicus, Augulus Distant, 1918b: 99. Lectotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type ; H. T.” and ‘“‘ Augulus ; typicus; type Dist.”’ and “‘ Mar- gherita; Assam; W. Doherty”. This is the only specimen in the collection. ulla, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a: 522. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “ Tettigoniella; ulla Dist.; type’ and “‘ Peru.; Rosenberg.; 1906—263.”’. This is the only specimen in the collection. undecimmaculata, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899e: 254. Holotype @ with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigonia ; undecimmaculata; Fowler. TYPE” and “ V. de Chiriqui, ; 2—3000 ft.; Champion.” and the B.C.A. label. This is the only speci- men in the collection. uniguttata, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 778. Holotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type ”’ and “115. Tettigonia uniguttata.’’ and ‘‘ Mexico”. The specimen is very teneral. vallonia, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908a : 522. Lectotype ¢ with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “ Tettigoniella; vallonia; type Dist.” and ‘‘ Peru.; Rosenberg.; 1906— 263.”’. velutina, Tettigonia Fowler, 1899¢: 251. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type” and “‘ Tettigonia ; velutina.; Fowler. TYPE” and “ Bugaba, ; 800-1,500 ft. ; 198 D. A. YOUNG Champion.”’. The original description is composite, one of the three specimens in the type series not being conspecific. There is a conspecific 2 in the collection. venosula, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b: 64. Holotype ¢ with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and ‘‘ Oncometopia ; venosula ; type Dist.’’ and ‘‘ Co types, Breddin. ; Purch. of Haensch. ; Oncometopia ; venosula ; M.S. Bredd.” and “‘ Archidona ; (Ecuad.) ; R. Haensch S.” and “ 1903-322.” and “ 93 ’’. vesta, Kolla Distant, 1908g : 224. Lectotype 9 with labels: “‘ Type; H. T.” and ‘“vesta ; type Dist.”’ and “ Kangra Valley; 4500 ft.; May 1899; Dudgeon.” and ‘“‘ Distant Coll.; 1911-383.”. This is the only topotypic specimen in the collection. virescens, Oncometopia Distant, 1908b : 65. Lectotype 2 with labels: “ Type ”’ and ‘“‘ Oncometopia ; virescens ; type Dist.’”’ and ‘“‘ Peru’’. There is an additional 2, mentioned in the original description, which is doubtfully conspecific. virgaticeps, Tettigonia Fowler, 1900c: 275. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘“‘ Type”’ and ‘“ Tettigonia; virgaticeps Fowler.; TYPE.” and ‘ Teapa; Tabasco. ; April. H.H.S.’’ and the B.C.A. label. There is an additional ° in the collection. viridescens, Tettigonia Walker, 1851b: 765. Holotype 9 with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “‘ Tettigonia viridescens.” and “ Vene ; zuela’”’. viridivittata, Aulacizes Walker, 1851b: 794. Holotype 2 with labels “‘ Type ”’ and “‘g. Aulacizes viridivitta.’”’ and “ Para ’”’. vittifrons, Tettigonia Walker, 1870b: 302. Lectotype 2 with labels: ‘‘ Type”’ and “‘ vittifrons ’’ and ‘‘ N ” and ‘‘ N. Gui; Wallace ’’. wallacei, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f: 143. Lectotype 2 with labels: “‘ Type”’ and “ Tettigoniella ; wallacei; type Dist.” and “‘ Mys.; Wallace’”’ and “ M.” and “68.4”. Except that the flattening of the face is negligible and that the facial muscle impressions are very weak, the specimen agrees with the original description. This is the only specimen in the collection. wetterensis, Tettigoniella Distant, 1908f:137. Lectotype 2 with labels: “Type’’ and “ Tettigoniella; wetterensis; type Dist.’ and ‘ Wetter, near Timor, ; Malay Archipelago ; W. Doherty. ; 1903-31... The abdominal sternum vii is somewhat distorted. The specimen is teneral. whiteheadi, Tettigoniella Distant, 1g08f:142. Lectotype 3 with labels: “Type” and “ Tettigoniella ; whiteheadi; type; Dist.’’ and “ Philippine Is. ; Whitehead. ; 96—147.”’. willeyi, Tettigonia Kirkaldy, 1905b : 333. Lectotype 9 with labels: ‘“‘ Tettigonia willeyi’’ and “‘ Type [in blue] ” and ‘‘ New Britain; A. Willey, D. Sc.; Reg. Mar.1.1898”’ and ‘“‘ Type [in red]”’ and ‘ Brit. Mus.; 1950-82” and “ Tetti- gonia willeyi; Kirk. Type.’’. There is another specimen in the collection. zea, Diedrocephala Distant, 1908b:60. Holotype specimen without abdomen, with labels: “‘ Type”’ and ‘“‘ Diedrocephala ; zea; type Dist.’’ and “ Cachabé ; low c., XII. 96.; (Rosenberg).’”’ and ‘‘ Ecuador.; Rosenberg.; 99—104.”’. The abdomen, hind wings and metathorax are missing. This is the only specimen in the collection. CICADELLINE TYPES IN B.M. (N:.H.) 199 REFERENCES MetcatrF, Z. P. 1942. Bibliography of the Homoptera. North Carolina State College of Agriculture and Engineering of the University of North Carolina. Raleigh, N. C., 886 pp. 1964. General Catalogue of the Homoptera, Fascicle VI Cicadelloidea, Bibliography of the Cicadelloidea. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washing- ton, D.C., 349 pp. Younc, D. A. & Davipson, R. H. 1959a. A review of leafhoppers of the genus Draeculace- phala. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1198, 32 pp. ie ee, Filan oO AES, Sy ees L the Oates oh, te, a Nasu alk ak Mee) Fo ur wt We ghha ere 5 de . b a ae : 4 A> ; yap iter : Pay , . aw 8 P40 gh 21pm ee 8 i* I son BARTHOLOMEW PRESS, DORKING z IN GREAT a me < He Fics. 1-8. Pintalia fasciolaris (Blanchard). 1, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 2, head in profile; 3, frons and clypeus; 4, tegmen; 5,.anal segment, pygofer and left genital style, lateral view ; 6, anal segment of male, posterior view; 7, aedeagus (free hand sketch from undissected genitalia) ; 8, medioventral process of pygofer. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 237 Notocixius fulvicollis (Blanchard) comb. n. (Text-figs. g—19) Cixius fulvicollis Blanchard, 1852a : 254. CuHILE: Llanquihue, Peulla, r 3, 9.11.1959 (J. F. G. Clarke). The figures are based on the above specimen, which has been compared with the type in the Paris Museum. The species is most easily recognizable by the markings on the tegmina. The type locality is Carelmapu. i aa LUTE J 1 I3 Fics. 9-19. Notocixius fulvicollis (Blanchard). 9, Frons and clypeus ; 10, head in profile ; II, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum; 12, tegmen; 13, pygofer; 14, medioventral process of pygofer ; 15, anal segment of male ; 16, aedeagus, dorsal view ; 17, aedeagus, left side ; 18, genital style, posterior view ; 19, genital style, lateral view. 238 R.G. FENNAH Notocixius pallens (Blanchard) comb. n. (Text-figs. 20-26) Cixius pallens Blanchard, 1852a : 256. The figures are of Blanchard’s type. The type locality is given as Santiago. Notocixius adspersus (Blanchard) comb. n. (Text-figs. 27-31) Cixius adspersus Blanchard, 1852a : 257. CHILE: Santiago, Cuesta Zapata, Ig, 2 9, 30.xi.1947 (G. Kuschel). With the exception of Text-fig. 31, the figures are of the male of this series, which has been compared with the type. The typical locality is Sotaqui in Coquimbo. This and N. pallens are readily recognizable by the relatively elongate form of the posterior compartment of the vertex. Notocixius helvolus (Spinola) comb. n. (Text-figs. 32-39) Cixius helvolus Spinola, 1852@ : 255. CuILE: Llanquihue, Frutillar, 1 3, 1 9, 15.11.1956; Volcan Calbuco, 200 m., 4 4, I Q, 22.11.1956 (G. Kuschel). The males of this series are of a uniform clear yellow, with only a dilute smoky spot just distad of the apex of the clavus, but in one of the females the basal half of the tegmina is abruptly dark castaneous. This species broadly resembles the New Zea- land Cixius aspilus Wik. and C. kermadecensis Myers, but in these the clypeus is abnormally inflated and the transverse carina of the vertex is markedly convex, and the ovipositor of C. kermadecensis has a relatively small ovate ceriferous area. Fics. 20-26. Notocixius pallens (Blanchard). 20, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 21, head in profile; 22, frons and clypeus; 23, tegmen; 24, anal segment of male, right side ; 25, medioventral process of pygofer ; 26, genital style. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 239 Notocixius tenebrosus sp. n. (Text-figs. 40-47) ¢. Vertex broader at anterior margin than long in middle line (about 4 : 1), a little wider at base than at apex, anterior margin truncate, lateral margins straight, posterior margin broadly excavate, disc rather deeply hollowed, obscurely medially carinate at extreme base; base of frons visible in dorsal view, frons longer than broad (nearly 1-4 : 1), basal margin straight, lateral margins diverging to level of antennae, thence incurved to frontoclypeal suture, which is slightly concave, disc carinate medially and at lateral margins, depressed between carina and with two or three obscure, ridge-like transverse elevations, median carina forked at one third from base, each arm meeting basal margin midway between middle line and lateral margin, median ocellus present ; postclypeal portion of clypeus shorter than frons (about 1 : 2:8), carinate medially and laterally, anteclypeus about as long as postclypeus, rostrum fully attaining post trochanters, apical segment as long as subapical ; lateral ocelli distinct ; eyes round, first antennal segment very short, concealed, second segment globose. Pronotum narrow with anterior margin of disc transverse, posterior margin obtusely angulately excavate, disc feebly medially carinate, strongly depressed, lateral discal carinae following hind margin of eyes, a carina on each side between eye and tegula, outer angles of lateral lobes slightly acute ; mesonotum with disc distinctly tri- carinate, with traces of a pair of intermediate carinae; profemora and mesofemora rather SSA VOPED POV OOPPU TOOT OPI Fics. 27-31. Notocixius adspersus (Blanchard). 27, Frons and clypeus ; 28, head in profile ; 29, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 30, tegmen ; 31, female genitalia, posterior view. 240 R. G. FENNAH compressed ; post-tibiae laterally unarmed, apically with five teeth, basal post-tarsal segment apically with two stout and five small spines, second segment similarly adorned. Piceous ; lateral margins of vertex, pronotum, tegulae, post-tibiae distally and post-tarsi, ferruginous or castaneous. Tegmina hyaline, veins and margin castaneous; some suffusion in basal half, an ill-defined broad oblique fascia between stigma and apical part of clavus, and apical areoles except submarginally, castaneous. Wings hyaline, with dark castaneous veins. Anal segment of male moderately long, in side view with central margin very shallowly con- cave, dorsal margin strongly decurved distad of analforamen. Pygofer short dorsally, moderately long ventrally, in lateral view with posterior margin sinuately convex, laterodorsal angles not distinct, medioventral process triangular, prominent. Aedeagus tubular, a pair of long, shallowly curved spinose processes arising on each side at apex, directed ventrocephalad ; a shorter spinose process arising on left near apex, directed dorsocephalad and curving to right ; a slender long spinose process arising ventrally near apex directed cephalad, flagellum in repose reflected cephalad, comprising a narrow sinuate sclerotized limb in basal half, abruptly expanding into a broad granulate membrane in distal half; a broad sclerotized plate arising ventrally on right of flagellum at base, descending ventrocephalad to left in basal half of aedeagus. Genital styles each narrow, L-shaped, with dorsal margin in basal half produced dorsad in a shallow setiferous eminence. 6: length, 2-9 mm.; tegmen, 3:5 mm. 36 Fics. 32-39. Notocixius helvolus (Spinola). 32, Frons and clypeus ; 33, head in profile ; 34, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 35, tegmen; 36, pygofer; 37, anal segment of male, dorsal view ; 38, aedeagus, left side; 39, genital style. lls a Ti FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 241 Holotype g. CHILE: Llanquihue Prov., Casa Panque, 4-10.xii.1926 (F. & M. Edwards), B.M. 1927-63. This species is distinguished by the wide basal fork of the median frontal carina, the almost quinquecarinate mesonotum, the shape of the male genitalia, and the colour pattern of the tegmina. Notocixius chepuanus sp. n. (Text-figs. 48-55) 6 9. Head with eyes narrower than pronotum. Vertex between basal angles wider than long in middle line (1-6 : 1), anterior compartment strongly declivous, anterior margin angulately convex, lateral margins straight or weakly concave, posterior margin rather deeply roundly excavate, posterior compartment not as long as anterior, anterior compartment medially WY Q> NY » Fics. 40-47. Notocixius tenebrosus sp. n. 40, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 41, head and thorax, lateral view ; 42, frons and clypeus ; 43, tegmen ; 44, pygofer and anal seg- ment, lateral view ; 45, aedeagus, right side; 46, aedeagus, left side; 47, genital styles. 242 R.G. FENNAH ecarinate, largely visible in anterior view ; frons longer in middle line than broad (1-3 : 1), basal margin shallowly angulately excavate, lateral margins diverging distad to below level of antennae, then moderately incurved to frontoclypeal suture, disc very shallowly depressed on each side of middle line, median carina distinct, moderately widely forked near base, median ocellus distinct at apex ; clypeus with basal margin shallowly convex, distinctly convex transversely, shallowly convex in profile, strongly carinate medially and laterally, median carina subfoliate ; rostrum distinctly surpassing post-trochanters, subapical segment slightly longer than apical; antennae with basal segment very short, ring-like, second segment shortly cylindrical, wider at apex than at base, lateral ocelli distinct, eyes rounded. Pronotum short, anterior margin transverse, posterior margin rather strongly concave, disc medially carinate, lateral carinae curving laterad behind eyes ; mesonotum about as long as broad, with dorsal margin in profile sinuate, disc tricarinate ; post-tibiae laterally with a minute spine at base and one or two small spines at middle and apically with six spines, basal metatarsal segment with six small teeth, second seg- ment with seven teeth. Tegmina longer than broad (3: 1), with Sc + R fork at about one-third from base, Cu, fork distinctly basad of middle of tegmen, R-M cross-vein distinct, M-Cu cross- vein obsolete, cross-vein between claval suture and anterior claval vein sometimes obscure, not in same line as R-M cross-vein. Fics. 48-55. Notocixius chepuanus sp. n. 48, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 49, head and thorax, lateral view ; 50, frons and clypeus ; 51, tegmen (male) ; 52, tegmen (female) ; 53, male genitalia, lateral view; 54, aedeagus, right side; 55, genital style. aE a EEE OO ee FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 243 Dark castaneous (male) or ferruginous (female) ; frons, clypeus and mesonotum almost piceous, lateral margins of frons, sides of vertex, labrum, carinae and hind margin of pronotum, femora and tibiae apically, and post-tarsi, stramineous or pale testaceous. Tegmina of male milky hyaline with a faint yellowish brown suffusion, veins almost concolorous, interruptedly yellowish brown on corium, distinctly brown in membrane, margin fuscous, pale at apices of veins, subapical areoles distally dilute ferruginous fuscous. Wings milky-hyaline, with veins fuscous. ¢. Anal segment of male moderately long, slightly expanding to middle, in side view with ventral margin concave in basal half, convex in distal half, apical margin viewed from above weakly convex, anal style moderately broadly cylindrical, not quite attaining apical margin. Pygofer rather long, in side view broadly convex, medioventral process about as broad as long, triangular, apically rounded. Aedeagus long, relatively slender, shallowly curved upward distad, a rather short slender spinose process dorsally, directed dorso-caudad, a quarter of length of aedeagus from apex, a broad median subquadrate lobe ventrally in basal half; flagellum rather narrowly tubular, of subequal width throughout, a long slender spinose process arising at middle on right, curved cephalad then ventrad, and a short slender spine at apex of flagellum. Genital styles rather long, in profile rather narrow and parallel sided in basal half, expanded into a subrectangulate lobe distally, with apical margin rounded-truncate. dé: length, 3-3 mm.; tegmen, 4-0 mm. @: length, 4-0 mm.; tegmen, 4-0 mm. Holotype 2. CHILE: Chepu, 42° S. 16.x.58 (G. Kuschel). Paratypes: 1 9, same data; Aisen, Rio Murta, I 9, 25.1.1956 (G. Kuschel). This species can be distinguished from all others in Chile and Argentina, except P. fasciolaris and perhaps N. fulvicollis, by the heavily mottled tegmina. From P. fasciolaris it can be separated by the anterior margin of the vertex being parallel to the transverse carina of the vertex, whereas it is more acutely angulate than the transverse carina in P. fasciolaris. In the latter species, the lateral margins of the frons curve in to the frontoclypeal suture more gently than in N. chepuanus, and accordingly the greatest width of the frons is a little more basad. The intercarinal areas of the frons of P. fasciolaris often show five darker spots in each, and there are faint traces of pitting in approximately corresponding positions, The intercarinal areas of the frons in N. chepuanus are smooth and uniformly coloured. From UN. fulvicollis the present species can be separated by the pattern of markings on the tegmina. The two species stand well apart in the form of the male genitalia. Notocixius magellanicus sp. n. (Text-figs. 56-63) 6 9. Head with eyes narrower than pronotum. Vertex between basal angles wider than long in middle (2-4 : 1), declivous, anterior margin angulately convex, lateral margins markedly concave, posterior margin obtusely angulately excavate, posterior compartment of vertex as long as anterior compartment, the latter divided by a median carina, frons longer than broad (about II: 1), basal margin transverse, lateral margins diverging distad for most of their length, then strongly incurved to frontoclypeal suture, disc shallowly depressed on each side of middle line, median carina distinct, very widely forked near base, median ocellus distinct at apex ; clypeus with basal margin shallowly convex, disc rather strongly convex transversely and in profile, finely but strongly carinate medially and laterally ; rostrum attaining post-trochanters, apical segment about as long as subapical ; antennae with basal segment very short, ring-like, second segment globose, lateral ocelli distinct, eyes rounded. Pronotum short, anterior margin transverse, posterior margin rather strongly concave, disc medially carinate, lateral carinae EnTom. 17, 6. 8S§ 244 R. G. FENNAH curving laterad behind eyes ; mesonotum about as long as broad, with dorsal margin in profile sinuate, disc with three distinct longitudinal carinae and two intermediate carinae that vary in their distinctness ; post-tibiae laterally unarmed, apically with six spines, basal metatarsal segment with five spines apically, second metatarsal with six. Tegmina with Sc + R fork at about one-third from base, Cw, fork slightly basad of middle of tegmen, R-M and M-Cu cross- veins at same level, or nearly so, a cross-vein between claval suture and anterior claval vein. Fuscous-piceous ; lateral margins of frons, basal angles of vertex, labrum, second antennal segment ventrally, carinae and hind margin and lower margin of lateral lobes of pronotum, stramineous or pale yellow ; all trochanters, postfemora at apex, tibiae distally, and basal two segments of post-tarsi, dilute fuscous or testaceous. Tegmina milky hyaline, a suffusion basally, stigma, a suffusion between common claval vein and posterior margin, dark fuscous; veins fuscous, posterior claval vein in part, and commissural margin from base to level of union of claval veins, sordid white. Wings hyaline, with fuscous veins. 6. Anal segment of male distinctly short, in profile with ventral margin feebly concave, apical margin in dorsal view rounded-truncate, anal style moderately stout, cylindrical, much sur- passing apical margin. Pygofer rather long, in side view posterior margin oblique, dorso- NT) \ h | | i Np \ ll Wh ou \ \ Fics. 56-63. Notocixius magellanicus sp. n. 56, Frons and clypeus; 57, head in profile ; 58, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum; 59, tegmen; 60, pygofer, right side; 61, anal segment of male; 62, aedeagus, right side; 63, genital style. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 245 lateral angles each distinctly produced caudad in a deeply convex setiferous lobe, medioventral process moderately large, triangular, distally rounded. Aedeagus slender, porrect caudad, a spinose process on right at apex, extending cephalad for half length of aedeagus, this process in side view expanding to distal third, then tapering to apex ; flagellum submembranous, almost parallel-sided, apically very obliquely truncate, a blade-like process arising on left near base, directed dorsocephalad. Genital styles long, slender and sinuate in basal two thirds, each rather abruptly expanding in distal third into an acute rounded-triangulate lobe, with a vertical ridge on its inner face from apex to ventral margin of style. é: length, 3-6 mm.; tegmen, 4-6 mm. @: length, 4-0 mm.; tegmen, 5:I mm. Holotype 3. CuiLe: I. Wellington, Puerto Eden, 400 ft., 13.xii.58 (G. Kuschel) in B.M. (N.H.). Paratypes : CHILE: I. Wellington, Puerto Eden, 25-350 ft., 82 3, 62 2, 28-30.x1.58., under Nothofagus nitida (M. W. Holdgate, G. Kuschel) ; Isle Piazza, Lecky Retreat, 25 ft., 14 g, 14 9, 26.xii.58, Nothofagus forest ; Gamero, Pena. Munoz, 20-40 ft., 14 4, 8 Q, 27.xii.58, Nothofagus antarctica (M. W. Holdgate) ; Aisen, Rio Murta, I 9, 25 .1.56 (G. Kuschel). This species is distinguished by the relatively broad vertex, the proportions of the frons, the shape of each element of the male genitalia, and by the pallid lower margins of the lateral lobes of the pronotum. Notocixius ophion sp. n. (Text-figs. 64-73) g 2. Vertex about as broad at anterior margin as long in middle line, broader at level of middle of hind margin than long in middle line (not quite 1-4: 1), anterior margin obtusely angulate, lateral margins shallowly concave, posterior margin broadly excavate, transverse carina feebly angulate, posterior compartment of disc rather deeply hollowed, finely medially carinate at extreme base; frons longer than broad (1-7: 1), basal margin angulately excavate, lateral margins diverging to level of antennae, thence incurved to frontoclypeal suture, which is slightly concave, disc carinate medially and at lateral margins, depressed between carinae, median carina simple to base, median ocellus absent ; postclypeal portion of clypeus shorter than frons (1: 2°3), carinate medially and laterally, anteclypeus about as long as post-clypeus, rostrum slightly surpassing post-trochanters, apical segment about as long as subapical, lateral ocelli distinct, eyes round, first antennal segment very short, second segment in anterior view barrel-shaped. Pronotum narrow, with anterior margin of disc transverse, posterior margin obtusely angulately excavate, disc hollowed out on each side of middle line, lateral discal carinae following hind margin of eyes, a feeble oblique carina on each side between lateral discal carina and tegula, outer angles of lateral lobes in anterior view rectangulate ; mesonotum with disc tricarinate, with a very obscure indication of sublateral carinae, profemora and mesofemora rather com- pressed, post-tibiae laterally unarmed or with a single minute spine, apically with six teeth in two groups of three, basal metatarsal segment with two stout and six small even teeth apically, second segment with two stout and seven small teeth apically, some of the latter bearing a narrow scale. Castaneous ; lateral carinae of frons and vertex, disc and posterior margin of pronotum, rostrum except at apex, pleura, postcoxae, post-trochanters, all tibiae and tarsi light testaceous or sordid stramineous. disc of mesonotum ferruginous, except anteriorly. Tegmina hyaline, membrane faintly infumed distad of nodal line, veins of corium concolous, distal line of transverse veinlets, and all veins distad of this, and apical margin, fuscous. Wings hyaline, with brown veins. 246 R. G. FENNAH 3. Anal segment of male moderately long, in side view with ventral margin shallowly sinuate, dorsal margin declivous distad of anal foramen, apical margin in dorsal view broadly convex. Pygofer short dorsally, rather long ventrally, in lateral view with posterior margin strongly convex, laterodorsal angles not distinct, medioventral process triangular, prominent. Aedeagus tubular, porrect, a pair of moderately long spinose processes arising laterally at apex, directed cephalad ; a spinose process, of approximately equal length, arising ventrally on left subapically, directed cephalad and curving weakly to right, flagellum rather narrowly tubular, reflected cephalad in repose. Genital styles moderately long, relatively straight and approximately parallel-sided in basal three-quarters, expanding in distal quarter ; apical margin strongly convex, apical angle subrectangulate. 3d: length, 4:1 mm.; tegmen, 5:5 mm. Holotype g. CHILE: Volcan Calbuco, 200 m., 22.11.1956 (G. Kuschel). This species is most easily recognizable by the tegminal marking. It is separable from N. helvolus by its dark body colour ; from N. fulvicollis and N. chepuanus by the aga oo + ete, Cvereyr, “a ASSESSES Fics. 64-73. Notocixius ophion sp. n. 64, Frons and clypeus; 65, head and pronotum . lateral view ; 66, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum; 67, tegmen; 68, pygofer, left side ; 69, anal segment, left side ; 70, anal segment; dorsal view ; 71, aedeagus, left side ; 72, aedeagus, right side; 73, genital style. I gt ag FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 247 absence of fuscous spots on the corium; and from N. pallens and N. adspersus by the proportions of the posterior margin of the vertex. CIXIOSOMA Berg Cixiosoma Berg, 1879b: 185. Haplotype, Cixiosoma platense Berg. Cixiosoma platense Berg (Text-figs. 74-78) Cixiosoma platense Berg, 1879b : 186. ARGENTINA: Terr. Rio Negro, Viedma, I 9, 23.x.1926 (F. & M. Edwards), B.M. 1927-63 ; UruGuay: Maldonado, 1 2 (C. Darwin), B.M. 1885-119. Cixiosoma bonaerense Berg (Text-figs. 79-87) Cixiosoma bonaerense Berg, 1883 : 188. ARGENTINA: Chaco, Roque Saenz Pena, 3 J, 5 2, 1932 (K. J. Hayward), B.M. 1933-58 ; Prov. Buenos Aires, 1 3, 2 9, 9.x.1899 (S. Venturt). Cixiosoma caliginosum sp. n. (Text-figs. 88-94) 6 Y. Vertex as long in middle line as broad at base of middle line, narrower at apex than at base, anterior margin subangulately convex, lateral margins diverging caudad, weakly obtusely angulately concave, basal margin approximately semicircularly excavate, disc rather hollowed Fics. 74-78. Cixiosoma platense Berg. 74, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 75, head in profile ; 76, frons and clypeus ; 77, tegmen; 78, female genitalia, posterior view. 248 R. G. FENNAH out, medially carinate only in basal half and divided transversely by a straight carina that is interrupted at its middle ; base of frons visible in dorsal view ; frons in middle line longer than broad at widest part (nearly 1-2 : 1), widest at level of antennae, basal margin very weakly convex, lateral margins sinuate, frontoclypeal suture rather strongly convex, median carina more strongly raised than lateral marginal carinae, a short arcuate carina at base uniting lateral margins to apex of vertex, and so demarcating a small triangular facet on each side of frons at base, median ocellus absent ; clypeus tricarinate, disc shallowly tectiform ; rostrum reaching to post-tro- chanters, apical segment shorter than subapical, eyes broadly ovate, with a very small excavation below, ocelli distinct. Pronotum short, anterior margin transverse, posterior margin acutely angulately excavate, lateral carinae of disc following hind margin of eyes, a short carina between eye and tegula on each side, outer angle of lateral lobes subacute ; mesonotum tricarinate, post- tibiae laterally trispinose, apically with six spines, basal post-tarsal segment with twelve small teeth, second segment broader between apical angles than long in middle, with about sixteen small scale-like teeth apically. Tegmina with Sc + R and M united at base, and forming a very short stalk, Sc + R forked at about one-third from base, M forked at level of nodal line, ih, vn i, 4 ill iy SA i nl sk fare Z = IN Ml ‘anti Voll cap Mas | pan ) Ml Hl) Fics. 79-87. Cixiosoma bonaerense Berg. 79, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum; 80, head in profile; 81, frons and clypeus; 82, tegmen; 83, pygofer, 84, anal segment, lateral view ; 85, anal segment, dorsal view ; 86, aedeagus, right side ; 87, genital style. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 249 Cu, forked a little distad of Sc + RF fork, claval veins uniting at level of basal quarter of tegmen, basad of Sc + FR fork, all veins evenly and densely granulate. Black ; all carinae, margins of legs, and tarsal segments apically, excepting the third segment, fulvous or orange-brown. Tegmina milky hyaline, veins stramineous, with castaneous granules. 6. Anal segment of male moderately long, in side view with ventral margin concave in basal half, obtusely angulately convex in distal half, apical margin viewed from above rounded, medially excavate, anal style rather slender, attaining apical margin. Pygofer moderately long in side view with posterior margin broadly convex, laterodorsal angles not distinct, medioventral process about twice as long as broad, slightly tapering distad, deeply rounded at apex. Aedeagus subtubular, shallowly curved upward and expanding distad, phallobase dorsally longitudinally excavate, forming a shallow boat-like sclerite, and terminating in two spinose processes, one on each side, each about a quarter of total length of aedeagus, directed cephalad and curved upward at its tip, a stout spinose process arising just below apex, directed cephalad below aedeagus, Fics. 88-94. Cixiosoma caliginosum sp. n. 88, Frons and clypeus ; 89, head in profile ; 90, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum; g1, tegmen; 92, anal segment, pygofer and left genital style ; 93, aedeagus, right side ; 94, aedeagus, left side. 250 R.G. FENNAH flagellum expanding distad, distally submembranous, irregularly trumpet-mouthed at apex. Genital styles moderately long, rather narrow and sinuate in basal two-thirds, subquadrate in apical third, with apical angle shortly produced in a curved spinose process. 3: length, 4.1 mm.; tegmen, 4:8 mm. @: length 4-2 mm.; tegmen, 5-0 mm, Holotype 3. CHILE: Chiloe, in swamp at end of Chepu, 14.x.58, bog vegetation, Leptocarpus (M. W. Holdgate). Paratypes: 4 2, same locality, 3-11.x.58, Leptocarpbus swamp, Tepualia scrub (M. W. Holdgate) ; 1 9, Ensenada, 14-15.xii.36 (F. M. Edwards). This species is readily separable from C. platense and C. bonaerense by its relatively narrow frons, and its black ground colour. The wax-secreting area of the female genitalia is much larger in C. caliginosum than in either of the other two species. Family DELPHACIDAE IDIOSYSTATUS Berg Idiosytatus Berg, 1883b: 231. Haplotype, Delphax acutiuscula Spinola. Idiosystatus acutiusculus (Spinola) (Text-figs. 95-100) Idiosystatus acutiusculus Spinola, 1852a : 258. CuitE: Chepu, 11 J, 3 9, 21.x.58, 2 5, 4 9, 19.x.58, I 9, 24.%.58 (G. Kuschet)s 30 ft., 4 3, 3 9, 3, 11.x.58, Leptocarpus swamp, secondary scrub (M. W. Holdgate) ; Fics. 95-100. Idiosystatus acutiusculus (Spinola). 95, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 96, head in profile ; 97, frons and clypeus ; 98, anal segment, left side ; 99, aedeagus, left side ; 100, left genital style. , iil FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 251 Coquimbo, Punta Teatines, 5 3, 5 9, 16.ix.52 (G. Kuschel) ; Santiago, Batuco, 5 6, 6 Q, 21.xil.1955. IDIOSEMUS Berg Idiosemus Berg, 1833b : 233. Haplotype, Liburnia xiphias Berg. Stenosystatus Muir, 1930f: 214. Orthotype, Stenosystatus anonymi Muir. syn. n. Idiosemus xiphias (Berg) Liburnia xiphias Berg, 1879): 190. Stenosystatus anonymi Muir, 1930f: 215 syn. n. CHILE: Santiago, Bucalemu, 16 g, 9 9, 25.v.51 (Pena). CALBODUS Spinola Calbodus Spinola, 1852a: 261. Haplotype, Calbodus pallidulus Spin. This genus is very close to Eurysa, but at present can be separated by the relatively longer rostrum, of which the apical segment surpasses the mesotrochanters, and by the post-tibial spur, which, though relatively solid, bears a row of even teeth along the margin. The frons is relatively more elongate than in species of Eurysa, and the carinae are moderately distinct at the junction of vertex and frons. Calbodus pallidulus Spinola Calbodus pallidulus Spinola, 1852a : 262. Delphacodes correntosoensis Muir, 1929a:80. syn. n. CHILE : Chiloe, San Pedro, 42° S., 2,100 ft., 5 g, 6 9, 13.xi.58, forest edge scrub ; 2,000 ft., g, 10.x1.58, Nothofagus forest ; 2,500 ft., 21.xi.58, 9 3, 4 8, grassland ; Volcan Calbuco, 200 m., 4 g, 22.11.56 (G. Kuschel). Calbodus patquianus sp. n. (Text-figs. IoI-III) 3 2. Vertex as long medially as broad at base, obtusely rounding into frons, very slightly narrower at apex than at base, lateral margins straight or shallowly concave, apical margin straight or feebly convex with submedian carinae weakly prominent, Y-shaped carina distinct, submedian carinae coarse, uniting at apex of vertex or at extreme base of frons, basal compart- ment of vertex wider at hind margin than greatest length (1-9: 1); and than median length (2:3: 1), frons in middle line longer than wide at widest part (about 1-6: 1), widest at middle, lateral margins shallowly convex, median carina simple, or forked at extreme base, clypeus at base slightly wider than frons at apex, postclypeal disc as long as broad at base, in profile shallowly convex, anteclypeus in profile shallowly convex; rostrum not reaching to post- trochanters, apical segment slightly shorter than subapical ; antennae slightly surpassing fronto- clypeal suture, basal segment longer than broad (1-6 : 1), second segment longer than first (1-8: I); ocelli distinct but small. Pronotum with disc shorter in middle line than broad at anterior margin (1: 1:2), lateral carinae straight or weakly concave, not nearly attaining hind margin ; a few pustules present near each lateral margin. Total length of mesonotum greater than that of scutellum (2-6: 1). Post-tibial spur shallowly tectiform, with twelve teeth, including a tooth at apex. 252 R.G. FENNAH Dark testaceous or yellowish fuscous ; carinae of head and thorax, five to seven round spots in each compartment of frons, apical segment of rostrum, pustules on pronotum, post-tarsi distally and post-tibial spur, stramineous ; antennae, pleurites, pro- and mesocoxae, femora and tibiae, fuscous. Tegmina hyaline, veins concolorous. d. Anal segment of male short, ring-like, lateroapical angles each produced ventrad in a spinose process that is weakly curved laterad near its apex. Pygofer moderately long, latero- dorsal angles weakly produced, subrectangulate, no medioventral process present ; posterior opening of pygofer about as broad as long, diaphragm medially rather wide, with dorsal margin horizontal, abruptly and deeply incised at middle, the margin on each side of the incision at its base produced ventrad in a spinose process. Aedeagus relatively long and narrow, tubular, bent upward through about 45 degrees near base, thence almost straight to apex, a dense group of minute denticles subapically on upper surface, orifice terminal, oblique, with lower margin produced. Genital styles relatively large, in posterior view extending laterad then dorsad, widening distad of middle, broadly bifurcate at apex. 3: length, 2-7 mm.; tegmen, 3-0 mm. Q: length, 3-I mm.; tegmen, 3-6 mm. Holotype 3. ARGENTINA: Patquia, La Rioja, 1.1933 (K. J. Hayward), Brit. Mus. 1933-187. Paratype 2: same data. This species is placed in Calbodus with some hesitation on account of differences in bodily proportions that, insum, separate this species very markedly from C. pallidulus. Fics. 101-111. Calbodus patquianus sp. n. 101, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 102, head in profile ; 103, frons and clypeus; 104, antennae; 105, tegmen; 106, pygofer, posterior view ; 107, pygofer, lateral view; 108, ‘anal segment, lateral view; 109, anal segment, posterior view ; 110, aedeagus; I11, genital style. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 253 Without further information regarding the extent of variation in Calbodus, it would seem premature to define the genus rigidly by the characters exhibited by the type- species. This species is well distinguished by the characters of a speckled frons and pustulate pronotum in combination with those shown by the male genitalia. NOTHODELPHAX Fennah Nothodelphax Fennah, 19634: 15. Orthotype, Liburnia foveata Van Duzee, 1894 : 192. Nothodelphax atlanticus (China) comb. n. (Text- figs. 114-116) Delphacodes atlanticus China, 1958 : 5. Nothodelphax atlanticus nigrescens ssp. n. (Text-figs. 112, 113, I15, 117) 36 2. Vertex as long as broad at base. Intercarinal areas of frons, clypeus, genae in anterior half, abdomen except mediodorsally and laterally, pygofer except dorsally, anal style in both sexes, and ovipositor, piceous ; femora and tibiae with fuscous stripes ; first valvifers yellowish fuscous, abdominal terga of female yellowish brown except along middle line. Tegmina (brachypterous) translucent, ochraceous or suffused with yellowish brown, veins concolorous ; (macropterous) sordid yellowish translucent, marginal veins ferruginous or fuscous. 6 (brachypterous) : length, 2-7 mm. @: length 3:2 mm.; tegmen, 3-8 mm. Holotype § of subspecies. CHILE: Isla Wellington, Puerto Eden, 60 ft., 6.xii.58 (G. Kuschel), in B.M. (N.H.). [6 Nn ff ey oS [2 Fics. 112, 113, 115,117. Nothodelphax atlanticus nigrescens subsp. n. 112, Pygofer, posterior view ; 113, aedeagus, left side; 115, apex of aedeagus ; 117, genital style. Fics. 114, 116. Nothodelphax atlanticus atlanticus China. 114, Aedeagus ; 116, genital style. 254 R.G. FENNAH Paratypes: 4 3, 3 9, same data, in scrub, grassland, sedge. Chiloe I., San Pedro, 42°S., 2,100ft., 2 J, 1 mutilated specimen, 13.xi.1958, forest edge scrub ; Navarino I., Port Williams, 1 J, 3.i1.59, swept in Marsippospermum swamp. Morphologically there is comparatively little difference between material of N. atlanticus from Chile, Falkland Is., Gough Id., and Tristan da Cunha, and such differences as have been noted (in colour pattern and in the shape of the genital styles) are here interpreted as being of less than specific value, on the grounds that other species in the genus differ from one another quite evidently in other characters such as aedeagal structure, as well as more distinctly in the form of the genital styles. Although the present subspecies is distinctly darker than the typical subspecies, it does not closely resemble N. foveata subfoveata (Muir), which, apart from its more contrasting coloration, has a relatively shorter vertex and a male anal segment with the spinose processes rather close to one another. The genus includes several North American species, for which new combinations are given below. Nothodelphax gillettei (Van Duzee) comb. n. Liburnia gillettei Van Duzee, 18974 : 258. Nothodelphax consimilis (Van Duzee) comb. n. Liburnia consimilis Van Duzee, 18974 : 249. Nothodelphax occlusa (Van Duzee) comb. n. Liburnia occlusa Van Duzee, 1897a@ : 256. Nothodelphax neocclusa (Muir & Giffard) comb. n. Delphacodes neocclusa Muir & Giffard, 1924a : 22. Nothodelphax lineatipes (Van Duzee) comb. n. Liburnia lineatipes Van Duzee, 18974 : 255. Family DERBIDAE GONEOKARELLA Fennah Goneokarella Fennah, 1952a:142. Type-species, Goneokarella maculivenis Fennah. Goneokarella maculivenis Fennah (Text-figs. 118-121) Goneokarella maculivenis Fennah, 1952a@ : 142. 6. Anal segment of male in dorsal view longer than broad at middle (about 3: 1), broad at extreme base, parallel-sided for most of length, apical margin deeply excavate, anal foramen situated near apex, anal style rather short, surpassing apical margin. Pygofer short, moderately long ventrally. Aedeagus rather long, tubular, tapering distad, three pairs of processes arising dorsally at apex, reflected anteriorly ; the first pair rather broad, directed ventro-cephalad, i i FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 255 strongly narrowing distad of middle to a blunt point at apex ; the second pair directed dorso- cephalad, rather narrow, widening distally, then abruptly narrowing, slender and acuminate at apex ; the third pair directed cephalad, also rather narrow at base, gradually widening distad, tather abruptly narrowing at two-thirds from base, acute apically; a short subgranulate membranous lobe overlying all three pairs of processes basally. Genital styles long, slightly bent upwards in distal half, apical angle acute ; a broad-based spinose process arising dorsally a little basad of middle, directed caudad, shallowly decurved and acuminate at tip. CHILE: Isla Wellington, Puerto Edén, 25 ft.-1,200 ft., 43 g, 32 2, 29.xi-6.xii.58, Nothofagus forest, Pernettya, sedge and heath (M. W. Holdgate, G. Kuschel) ; Isla Chiloe, San Pedro, 600 ft.-2,100 ft., 3 3, 5 9, 13-15.xi.58 (M. W. Holdgate, G. Kuschel) ; Isla Piazza, Lecky Retreat, 25 ft., I 9, 26.xii.58 (MW. W. Holdgate). This genus and Phrygia Stal (of which the haplotype, P. fuscata Stal, is from Brazil) occupy an isolated position in the Cenchreine Derbidae. 18 19 Fics. 118-121. Goneokarella maculivenis Fennah. 118, Anal segment of male; 1109, aedeagus, left side ; 120, apex of aedeagus, left side ; 121, left genital style. Family ACHILIDAE RHOTALA Walker Rhotala Walker, 1857b: 152. Haplotype, Rhotala delineata Walker, 1857) : 152. Rhotala valdiviana sp. n. (Text-figs. 122-132) 6. Vertex wider at base of middle line than long medially (about 1-6: 1) ; anterior margin shallowly convex, lateral margins slightly converging distad, basal margin almost semicircularly excavate, median carina represented by a callus ; no carina separating vertex from frons ; frons longer than broad (2:1), basal margin feebly convex, lateral margins gradually diverging to below level of antennae, then incurved to frontoclypeal suture, disc rather narrowly depressed on each: side of middle line, the depressed area widening distad ; clypeus shorter than frons (I : 1-3), disc flat, carinate coarsely in middle and finely at lateral margins , rostrum with sub- apical segment attaining post-trochanters, apical segment reaching to base of pygofer; eyes rounded, a little emarginate ventrally ; ocelli distinct ; antennae with basal segment short, ring- like, second segment pyriform. Pronotum with disc almost as long medially as broad at base, 256 R. G. FENNAH tricarinate, a distinct carina on each side between eye and tegula. Post-tibiae laterally with five spines, apically with four large spines and one very small spine ; basal metatarsal segment with nine teeth apically, one or two smaller than the others; second segment with eight teeth. Tegmina slightly surpassing abdomen, Sc + R fork, Cu, fork and union of claval veins at approximately same level. Wings not quite reaching to apex of abdomen. Fics. 122-132. hotala valdiviana sp. n. 122, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 123, head and pronotum, lateral view; 124, frons and clypeus; 125, tegmen; 126, male genitalia, lateral view ; 127, posterior ventral margin of pygofer; 128, anal segment of male, dorsal view; 129, aedeagus, left side; 130, aedeagus, ventral view; 131, left genital style and associated spinose appendage, dorsal view ; 132, spinose appendage of genital style, lateral view. Ee -_ — FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 257 Ochraceous ; head and thorax with linear markings as shown in figure, pleurites and coxae in part, four rings on each femur and tibia of fore and middle legs, pro- and mesotarsal segments, distally, castaneous ; ventrites sublaterally dark yellowish brown, dark fuscous on posterolateral margins. Pygofer dark castaneous laterally, lighter castaneous at base ventrally, genital styles yellowish brown distally. Tegmina ochraceous, veins more or less regularly flecked with small castaneous spots, or very narrowly overlain with a percurrent castaneous line. Wings ochraceous hyaline. Anal segment of male relatively large, broadly sub-ovate, shallowly decumbent on each side of middle, anal foramen situated at middle, a broad deep channel extending from this point to apical margin. Pygofer moderately long, in lateral view extending farther caudad dorsally than ven- trally, dorsolateral angles rectangulate, lateral margin straight in upper half, broadly excavate in lower half, ventral margin entire, convex. Aedeagus broadly tubular at extreme base, abruptly dividing distally into two rami, one above the other ; the dorsal limb tubular, slightly depressed, membranous distally, a pair of strongly sinuate spinose processes arising about two-thirds from base, each directed ventrocaudad, then dorso-caudad, finally laterad ; the lower limb tubular, a pair of stout dorsally-compressed spinose processes emerging near apex, each curved laterad then cephalad ; aedeagal appendages rather narrowly tubular, surpassing apex of aedeagus by about a quarter of their length, each bearing at apex a broad thin flattened flagellum reflected cephalad, and produced distally into a slender tapering spinose process that crosses its counterpart in the middle line. Genital styles about twice as long as broad, lower margin in ventral view very weakly sinuate, dorsal margin in ventral view broadly convex, in lateral view, produced dorsad in basal quarter in a triangulate lobe with a short stout tooth on its outer face, distad of this lobe a large spinose process directed dorsocephalad ; mesad of genital styles, and approximated to their bases, though not attached, a pair of large stout scimitar-like processes, each produced mesad one-third from base in a shallow triangulate lobe. Holotype 3. CHILE : Volcan Calbuco, 200 m., Rio Peseado, 22.xi.56 (G. Kuschel). Paratype: I nymph, CHILE: Chiloe, Chepu, 42° S., 30 ft., 21.x.58, Tepuwalia forest (M. W. Holdgate). This species is distinguished from the Panamanian R. ambigua Fowler, the only other species found in the Americas, by its brachypterous form, by the shorter disc and longer occipital portion of the vertex, by the relatively shorter median disc of the pronotum, and its evenly curved lateral margins (which are almost straight in R. ambigua) and by the larger number of teeth on the hind margin of the basal two post-tarsal segments, the numbers being 5, 5 in the type of R. ambigua, and also in the Oriental species with which it was compared (R. nebulosa Dist., R. funesta W1k., R. delineata Wlk., R. albopunctata Dist., and R. philippinensis Dist.). CATONIA Uhler Catonia Uhler, 18954: 61. Logotype, Catonia intricata Uhler, 1895a: 61. Catonia ornatipennis Blanchard comb. n. (Text-figs. 133-138) Cixius ornatipennis Blanchard, 1852a : 252. CHILE: Isla Wellington, Puerto Edén, 49° S., 2 ¢, 30.x.58 (G. Kuschel), 40 ft., 6.xii.58, in Nothofagus forest (M. W. Holdgate); Aisén, Rio Murta, 1 3, 25.i.56 258 R. G. FENNAH (G. Kuschel). There is one specimen in the Paris Museum labelled Cixius ornati- pennts Bl., 15.43. This agrees with the original description and is here considered to be the type. Catonia gayi Spinola comb. n. (Text-figs. 139-143) Cixius gayi Spinola, 1852a : 248. Cixius maculatus Blanchard, 1852a@:252. syn. n. Cixius valdiviensis Blanchard, 1852a: 253. syn. n. Cixius ivroratus Blanchard, 1852a: 253. syn. n. 6. Analsegment of male short, in profile with ventral margin convex in basal half, concave in distal half, in dorsal view almost semicircularly rounded, with apical margin feebly excavate at Pay 1) \ \) Mt HV f y ANIA NAHI i | ae Hh Mil I Nt HA Hi uf ’ ST Hy OG 6 cee al Fics. 133-138. Catonia ornatipennis (Blanchard). 133, Frons and clypeus ; 134, head in profile ; 135, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; -136, tegmen ; 137, aedeagus, ventral view ; 138, aedeagus, dorsal view. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 259 middle, anal style rather short, distinctly surpassing apical margin. Pygofer rather short, in lateral view with posterior margin almost straight, only very weakly convex, medioventral process not quite as broad as long, bifid in its distal half. Aedeagus with phallobase bilaterally symmetrical, each half produced distally into four unequal lobes, as follows: dorsally a ribbon- like lobe, denticulate on its dorsal margin, curved mesad apically to meet its counterpart in middle line ; below this a lanceolate-spatulate lobe, slightly hollowed, like a scoop; mesad of this, and distinctly separated from it, a short, flattened thumb-like lobe directed caudad ; along the mesal margin of this lobe a vertical, narrow, subspatulate lobe extending caudad almost to apex, its surface minutely studded with denticles ; from the base of this lobe an oblique vertical flange extends across the ventral surface to the middle of the lateral margin ; phallic appendages long, strap-like, not quite similar at apex, inner surface minutely denticulate. Genital styles as figured, distal half of dorsal margin produced dorsad in a quadrate lobe with its distal angles acutely produced, a long rod-like process arising on inner surface near base, directed dorsad, ventral margin of styles scroll-like basally and incurved to meet in middle line. CuHILE: Isla Wellington, Puerto Edén, 7 3, 2 9, 13, 30.xi.58, under Nothofagus nitida (G. Kuschel) ; 40 ft., 6.xii.58, in Nothofagus forest (M. W. Holdgate) ; I. Chiloe, Chepu, 6 g, 16, 19.x.58 (G. Kuschel) ; Valdivia, El Mirador, 1,600 m., 2 9, 5.1.57 (G. Kuschel). Fics. 139-143. Catonia gayi (Spinola). 139, Frons and clypeus; 140, head and thorax, lateral view; 141, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum; 142, tegmen; 143, aedeagus, dorsal view. 260 R.G. FENNAH The description given by Spinola refers primarily to a species with a frons speckled with yellow ; a form with “ dos fajas transversales blancas en la frente ”’ is referred to as a variety in a postscript to the description. The writer accordingly here restricts Spinola’s specific concept to the species with a speckled frons, and, as a result, is led to make the synonymy given above. A figure purporting to be that of Cixius gayi Spin., is given in pl. 3 fig. 3 of the Atlas Zoologico, but in fact represents the much larger Cixius chilensis Spin., which belongs in the Dictyopharid genus Chondrodera Mel. The writer has not seen the type of Cixius gayi Spin., and it was not traced in the Paris Museum. The three species here placed in synonymy with it are each rep- resented in the Paris Museum by a single specimen, labelled, respectively, Cixius maculatus Bl. 15.43, Cixius valdiviensis Bl. 15.43, and Cixius irroratus Bl. 15.43. Each agrees with the original description and is considered to be the type. Family DICTYOPHARIDAE CHONDRODERA Melichar Chondrodera Melichar, 1912a:157. Orthotype, Chondrodera granicollis Melichar, 1912a@: 217. Taractellus Metcalf, 1948: 77. Orthotype, Cixius chilensis Spinola. syn. n. Chondrodera chilensis (Spin.) Cixius chilensis Spinola, 1852a : 249. The figures given in Gay’s Afélas zoologico, Entomologia, Hemipteros, pl. 3, figs. 3, 3a-c, refer to C. chilensis, and not to Cixius gayi Spin., as stated both in the Atlas and on p. 248 of the seventh volume of the Historia de Chile. CHILE: Santiago, La Florida, 1 9, 28.iii. 1956 (G. Kuschel). SICORIS Stal Sicoris Stal, 1866a: 151. Orthotype, Dictyophara gayi Spinola, 1852a@ : 243. This genus and Sicorisia Melichar may be separated as follows. Frons carinate only submedially in basal half, and only medially in distal half, in profile distinctly concave ; eyes with a wide area behind, but no callus; basal segment of post-tarsus with 22 teeth at apex, second segment with 16 teeth SICORIS Stal. Frons tricarinate throughout, in profile straight ; eyes with a thick callus behind ; basal segment of post-tarsus with 14-16 teeth at apex, second segment with 14 teeth : ‘ : ; ‘ ; . : ; SICORISIA Melichar Sicoris gayi (Spinola) Sicoris gayi Spinola, 1852a : 243. g. Anal segment of male about twice as long as broad, in profile shortly and abruptly deflexed at apex, apical margin truncate, apical angles not at all produced, anal foramen in apical quarter. Aedeagus in repose tubular, ensheathed in membranous folds, a pair of tubular membranous FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 261 processes arising dorsally at apex directed cephalad above aedeagus, each tapering gradually into a slender spinose process ; a pair of short broad flattened blade-like pigmented processes arising at base of aedeagus lateroventrally, directed caudad. Genital styles rather less than twice as long as broad, in side view with lower margin shallowly convex, meeting apical margin subrect- angulately, apical margin oblique, straight, as long as dorsal margin, dorsal margin straight, ascending to apical angle, which is produced in a short stout spine curved cephalad ; a stout blunt spine on outer surface just below dorsal margin at its middle. CHILE: Santiago, Cuesta Zapata, I 9, 30.xi.1947 (G. Kuschel) ; La Curro, 3 g, 27.1.5 (J. Herrera G.). SICORISIA Melichar Sicorisia Melichar, 1912a@: 161. Orthotype, Sicorisia discreta Melichar, 1912a@: 161. Sicorisia discreta Melichar Sicorisia discreta Melichar, 1912a: 161. Q. Frons flat, tricarinate throughout, a moderately broad margin behind each eye, developed as a thick callus. Post-tibiae with four spines laterally, eight apically, basal post-tarsal segment with two simple teeth and twelve to fourteen scale-bearing teeth, second segment with two simple teeth and twelve scale-like teeth. Tegmina coelopterous, with Cu, three-branched, forking at about one-third from base. Wings about two-thirds as long as tegmina, narrow, strap-like. CHILE: E. Peumo, 1 9, 17.xi.51 (J. Herrera G.), in U.S.N.M. Sicorisia breviceps sp. n. (Text-figs. 144-154) 6. Vertex longer than broad at base (almost 1-4: 1), basal margin weakly concave, lateral margins straight, slightly converging distad, apical margin convex, all margins carinate, includ- ing basal margin, median carina distinct throughout ; frons in middle line longer than broad (nearly 1-7 : 1), wider at apex than at base, lateral margins sinuate, disc tricarinate, in profile straight, except at base where it curves backward to vertex ; clypeus distinctly broader than frons, post-clypeal portion with lateral margins carinate, strongly convex, median carina distinct ; rostrum reaching beyond middle of abdomen, subapical segment longer than apical, and surpass- ing post-trochanters. Pronotum rather short, anterior margin of disc weakly convex, posterior very weakly concave, almost straight, median carina distinct, lateral carinae of disc feeble, closely following hind margin of eyes, two carinae on each side between eye and lower half of tegula, lateral lobes with ventral margin bent anteriorly, eyes round, bordered posteriorly by a callus, ocelli distinct, a short oblique carina across gena just below ocellus, antennae with first segment very short, second segment globose ; mesonotum broader than long, disc tricarinate, with lateral carinae curved mesad anteriorly to form a transverse carina, and strongly diverg- ing basad. Legs slender, protibiae longer than profemora (about 1:2: 1), post-tibiae with five teeth laterally, eight apically, basal metatarsal segment with two simple teeth and twelve small scale-bearing teeth, second metatarsal segment with two simple and twelve small scale-bearing teeth. Tegmina coelopterous, longer than broad (about 2:2: 1), deeply rounded apically, Sc + R forked at level of union of common claval vein with margin, M fork at middle of tegmen, Cu, forked slightly distad of M fork, and with only two veins at apex ; common claval vein shorter than anterior claval vein. Wings not quite as long as tegmina, and about half as wide, M and Cu, each forked once near apex. 262 R.G. FENNAH Ochraceous ; carinae of frons and clypeus, and lateral carinae of vertex, intercarinal areas of frons and clypeus interruptedly, and of vertex and mesonotum at base and apex, lateral lobes of pronotum and pleura except at margins, more or less dilute fuscous ; a transverse band across vertex, genae near antennae, punctation on pronotal disc, four spots on mesonotum, one in each compartment, and longitudinal stripes on all legs, and apical segment of pro- and mesotarsi, piceous. Tegmina translucent, two ovate spots on M and one on Cw,, and all cross-veins, fuscous piceous. Wings milky hyaline, veins brown. Anal segment of male in dorsal view longer than broad (about 2:5 : 1), lateral margins parallel, apical margin slightly incised at middle. Pygofer moderately short, dorsolateral angles moder- ately produced caudad in a rounded-truncate lobe, weakly inflected distally. Aedeagus tubular, almost porrect, with a pair of moderately short spinose processes ventrally three-quarters from base, a pair of moderately short spinose processes laterally a little before apex, and a pair of IS! Fics. 144-154. Sicorisia breviceps sp.n. 144, Frons and clypeus; 145, head in profile ; 146, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 147, tegmen; 148, apex of wing; 149, pygofer, lateral view ; 150, pygofer, dorsal view ; 151, anal segment, dorsal view ; 152, aedeagus, left side ; 153, right genital style, ventral view; 154, left genital style, lateral view of mesal surface. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 263 longer spinose processes arising at apex, directed cephalad above aedeagus. Genital styles relatively long and narrow, dorsal and ventral margins parallel for much of their length, apical angle produced dorsad in a short spinose process, and a short acute lobe directed mesad on inner surface of style. 6. (coleopterous): length, 3-9 mm.; tegmen 3-0 mm. Holotype gj. CuHILtE: V. Marga Marga, in B.M. (N.H.). This species differs from S. discreta in the much shorter vertex, the degree of curvature of the frontal margins, the shape of the tegmina and wings and in the venation of the former. MYROPHENGES Gen. n. Type-species, Issus planifrons Spinola, 1852. Head with eyes much narrower than pronotum. Vertex about twice as broad as long, anterior margin convex, lateral margins straight, slightly diverging basad, basal margin shallowly concave, median carina distinct, obsolete distally, disc shallowly depressed, base of frons amply visible from above, more shallowly convex than anterior margin of vertex; frons about as long as broad, disc shallowly convex basally, less so apically, basal margin, as visible in anterior view, transverse or shallowly convex, lateral margins diverging to below level of antennae, thence rather strongly incurved to frontoclypeal suture, disc rugose punctate, with median carina absent basally, broad and only feebly indicated distally ; clypeus about as long as broad at base, ecarinate, mandibular sclerites amply visible in anterior view ; rostrum surpassing mesotro- chanters, scarcely attaining post-trochanters, apical segment about two-thirds of length of subapical ; antennae short, basal segment ring-like, scarcely visible, second segment subglobose ; ocelli relatively large, eyes rounded, not or little excavated beneath. Pronotum about as long as vertex, median disc about twice as broad as long, tricarinate, a carina on each side between eye and basal cell in tegmen, a stouter carina on each side below this, between eye and tegula ; mesonotum broader than long, disc flat, lateral carinae distinct, median carina absent ; legs rather short, profemora and mesofemora a little compressed laterally, post-tibiae with three spines laterally, one large and five smaller spines apically, basal metatarsal segment with seven small even teeth apically, second segment with six teeth, one larger than the others. Third, fourth and fifth abdominal terga each with two transverse rows of pores. Tegmina subcoriaceous, little surpassing abdomen and decurved distally, Sc + R forked near base, each of these veins simple to apex, M forked near apex, Cu, forked at level of union of claval veins, two rows of transverse veinlets present ; claval suture distinct, claval veins uniting at three-quarters from base, common vein entering apex of clavus. Wings as long as tegmina, all veins simple. Anal segment of male short. Pygofer short, distal margin transverse, united with convolute genital styles. The generic concept is based on the specimen in the British Museum here figured, which is believed to represent the species cited. It stands far apart from all others. In the form of the vertex it can be compared only with Taosa, Brachytaosa and Cladypha. In the first two, a scale is attached to each of the teeth of the distal margin of the post-tarsal segments, a structure absent in the present genus, whereas in Cladypha, with which it agrees better in head structure, a pad of setae is developed on the first and second post-tarsal segments, and in the tegmen, a cross vein is present in the clavus, structures, again, not found in Myrophenges. Moreover, in Cladypha the head is distinctly wider than the pronotum. 264 R. G. FENNAH Myrophenges planifrons (Spinola) comb. n. (Text-figs. 155-161) Issus planifrons Spinola, 18524 : 265. | 6. Anal segment of male in dorsal view about as broad as long. Pygofer moderately long. Aedeagus comprising a deep narrow trough, with its dorsal margins not symmetrical on each side ; within this trough a subtubular membranous process, upcurved distally, and fimbriate on dorsal surface in distal half. Genital styles relatively broad, with apical angle produced ina stout finger-like lobe; a broad lobe arising on inner surface of style in basal half, produced — cephalad and tapering. S. CHILE: I g, Llanquihue (fF. M. Edwards), B.M. 1927-63. Fics. 155-161. Myrophenges planifrons (Spinola). 155, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 156, head in profile; 157, frons and clypeus; 158, tegmen; 159, anal segment of male ; 160, aedeagus, left side. Family ISSIDAE NOTOSIMUS gen. n. Type-species, Conosimus angustipennis Melichar, 1906. Vertex rather broader between eyes than long in tmhiddle (less than 1:3: 1), approximately — pentagonal with anterior margin obtusely angulate at middle, lateral margins straight and FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 265 posterior margin shallowly excavate, disc flat or feebly depressed, feebly carinate medially ; frons with greatest length subequal to greatest width, in ventro-anterior view with basal margin convex, lateral margins convex, frontoclypeal suture deeply concave, frons tricarinate ; clypeus subequal to greatest length of frons, medially elevated but not carinate ; rostrum reaching to post-trochanters ; subapical segment shorter than apical; antennae with basal segment short, ring-like, second segment longer than broad, cylindrical, widening distally, obliquely truncate at apex, ocelli absent, eyes round, rather weakly emarginate below. Pronotum in middle line more than half as long as vertex, anterior margin strongly convex, posterior margin weakly concave, disc ecarinate except for a feeble median carina, a short coarse carina at each lateral margin ; mesonotum rather broader than long, disc tricarinate with lateral carinae concave ; tegulae present, largely concealed ; post-tibiae with two spines laterally, about seven apically, basal metatarsal segment with about six spines. Tegmina longer than broad (more than 2: 1) broadest near base, narrowest distally, costa strongly convex in basal quarter, weakly sinuately concave in distal half, apical angle acutely rounded, anal angle obtusely rounded, apical margin oblique, weakly convex, Sc + R, and M simple, Cu, forked at middle, claval suture extending to apical quarter of tegmen. Wings not quite as long as tegmina. Anal segment of male moderately long, weakly deflexed in apical half, with sides deeply impressed. Pygofer rather short, dorsolateral angles moderately produced caudad, deeply rounded. Aedeagus complex, almost as deep dorsoventrally as long. Genital styles each triangular in side view, united mesally along their ventral margin. Although the subfamilial affinity of this curious species cannot be determined with absolute certainty until the female genitalia can be examined, it is confidently regarded as a member of the Acanaloniinae, and in the writer’s key to this subfamily (Fennah, 1954 : 472), if the presence of the lateral pronotal carina is ignored, it runs to couplet (3) (4), and differs from Galapagosana and Euthiscia in the claval suture not reaching to the apical margin, and from 7hiscia and Acanalonta in the tegmina being widest much basad of the middle. From Conosimus, to which the species was referred by Melichar, it differs in the relatively much broader frons, in the strongly concave frontoclypeal suture, the carination of the mesonotum and the presence of well-developed wings. The opportunity is here taken of recording that the references to the second post- tarsal segment in couplet (5) (6) of the key cited above, andon the page following the key, should have been to the first post-tarsal segment. Notosimus angustipennis (Melichar) comb. n. (Text-figs. 162-170) Conosimus angustipennis Melichar, 1906 : 109. g. Anal segment of male relatively narrow, shallowly decurved distally, a deep groove along each side distad of middle. Pygofer rather short, dorsolateral angles roundly produced caudad, lateral margin sinuate, shallowly excavate near middle. Aedeagus complex, phallobase tubular, much shorter than deep dorsoventrally ; dorsal margin produced caudad medially in a finger- like lobe (Text-fig. 169,a), laterally a pair of dorsolateral lobes (b), two pairs of submedian spinose processes, one arising on inner surface of phallobase (c), the other marginally (d) ; ventrally an unpaired lobe narrowly produced dorsad at apex (e) and with a pair of vertical processes subapically (f); a pair of long taeniate processes arising dorsally, curving ventrocephalad (g). Genital styles triangular, with dorsal and ventral margins almost straight, apical angle produced dorsad in a short blunt lobe, apical margin shallowly sinuate, produced at middle in a small acute process ; ventral margin slightly invaginated before apex. 266 R.G. FENNAH ARGENTINE : La Rioja Prov., Patquia, 1 3, i.1933 (K. J. Hayward), B.M. 1933- 333: PLAGIOPSIS Berg Plagiopsis Berg, 1883: 189. Haplotype, Plagiopsis distanti Berg, 1883 : 191. Plagiopsis scotti Breddin (Text-fig. 171-175) Plagiopsis scottt Breddin, 18974: 17. g. Post-tibiae with one spine laterally, six apically, basal and second metatarsal segments each with two spines. Anal segment of female and posterior margin of seventh (pregenital) sternite of female as figured. Fics. 162-170. Notosimus angustipennis (Melichar). 162, Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ; 163, head and thorax, lateral view ; 164, frons and clypeus; 165, tegmen ; 166, pygofer lateral view ; 167, anal segment, lateral view ; 168, section of groove along lateral margin of anal segment (diagrammatic) ; 169, adeagus, left side (for lettering see text); 170, left genital style, lateral view. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 267 ARGENTINA : Chaco, I 9, 29.xX-II.xi.1953 (K. J. Hayward), B.M. 1934-519. Plagiopsis bergi Breddin (Text-figs. 176-180) Plagiopsis bergi Breddin, 1897a : 18. Q. Anal segment of female and posterior margin of seventy (pregenital) sternite of female as figured. ARGENTINA : Chaco, Roque Saen, Pefia, 1 9, 1932 (K. J. Hayward), B.M. 1933-58. SARNUS Stal Sarnus Stal, 1866a: 204. Logotype, Issus decipiens Spinola, 1852 : 264. Post-tibiae with two spines laterally, eight apically, basal metatarsal segment with nine spines, second segment with two. Wings reduced to small lobes. Fics. 171-180. Plagiopsis scotti Breddin. 171, Frons and clypeus; 172, head in profile ; 173, vertex and pronotum ; 174, anal segment of female, posterior view ; 175, seventh sternite of female, ventral view, posterior margin uppermost. Plagiopsis bergi Breddin. 176, Frons and clypeus ; 177, head in profile; 178, head, pronotum and mesonotum ; 179, anal segment of female, posterior view; 180, seventh sternite of female, ventral view ; posterior margin uppermost. 268 R.G. FENNAH Three species before the writer do not agree with a specimen labelled Issus decipiens Spin. from Chile in the Paris Museum. The last has a frons rather distinctly widening distally, and with the basal two thirds of the disc (except submarginally) very dark fuscous, almost black, with the short portion of the incomplete median carina stramineous, and the apical third of the disc pale. The three species may be separated as follows. 1 Tegmina with apical margin oblique, almost straight, apical angle subacutely rounded. Anal segment of female three times as long as broad at widest part rhomboidalis (p. 269) — Tegmina with apical margin rounded and broadly rounding into costal margin without any evident apical angle. Anal segment of female not more than twice as long as broad at widest part ; : ‘ : ‘ ‘ , 2 Lateral margins of frons shallowly arcuate. Ground colour of body and tegmina stramineous, little sprinkled with piceous. ; : : ; ; gilvus (p. 270) — Lateral margins of frons straight. Colour of body and tegmina stramineous or testaceous, heavily marked with castaneous-fuscous . . rectemarginatus (p. 268) Sarnus rectemarginatus sp. n. (Text-figs. 181, 182, Ig0—194) $2. Vertex broader than long in middle line (about 4-6: 1), frons in middle line longer than broad (more than 1:2: 1), wider at base than at apex (1°5: 1), lateral margins very shallowly sinuate, almost straight to distal fifth, thence incurved to frontoclypeal suture, median carina distinct in basal half, obscurely present in distal half. Tegmina with apical margin convex, broadly rounding into costal margin. Stramineous, but so heavily sprinkled castaneous-piceous, in the same basic pattern as in S. gilvus, that the total area, occupied by each hue are about equal. Tegmina minutely and densely sprinkled fuscous on a testaceous ground ; an irregular curved band from costa to Cu, at middle, and from this point to Cu, at apex, almost piceous; longitudinal veins castaneous, veinlets stramineous, those at apical margin sometimes with a greenish tinge. g. Anal segment cf male moderately long, distally deflexed, apical margin truncate, in lateral view with lower margin not produced ventrad in a lobe at apex. Aedeagus tubular, U-shaped, a pair of long spinose processes arising laterally near middle, curved ventrad then cephalad, each process tapering distally, distinctly but not abruptly more rapidly narrowing a little before apex. Genital styles as figured. Q@. Anal segment of female in dorsal view sub-rhomboidal, twice as long as broad, lateral margins distad of level of anal style almost straight, converging to broadly rounded apical margin ; margins moderately decurved ventrad. 6. length, 3-7 mm.; tegmen, 3-4 mm. 9, length, 4.0 mm. ; tegmen, 4:0 mm. Holotype g. CHILE: Coquimbo, El Panque, 1,400 m., 14.x.1957 (G. Kuschel). Paratypes: I g 2 9, same data. This species is recognisable by the characters given in the key. Of the distinctive features, the near parallellity of the lateral margins of the frons is perhaps the most easily observed. FULGOROIDEA FROM S. CHILE 269 Sarnus rhomboidalis sp. n. (Text-figs. 183-189) 3. Vertex broader than long in middle line (6: 1) ; frons almost as broad as long in middle line ; lateral margins weakly diverging in basal two-thirds; median carina present only in second quarter from base. Tegmina with apical margin almost straight, oblique, subacutely and rather abruptly rounding into costal margin. Fuscous ; discs of frons, pronotum and mesonotum densely speckled testaceous, carinae of pronotum and mesonotum, margins of legs and pleurites, testaceous-ochraceous. Tegmina translucent, fuscous; veins castaneous, veinlets testaceous to stramineous, a subovoid area between Sc + R and Cu, at level of Sc + R fork, stramineous. dg. Anal segment of male moderately long, distally deflexed, in lateral view narrow ; lower margins strongly produced ventrad in apical quarter in a bluntly rounded lobe. Pygofer rather short. Aedeagus tubular, U-shaped, a pair of spinose processes arising laterally near middle, directed ventrad then cephalad, each process abruptly narrowing a little before apex. Genital styles as figured. Q. Anal segment of female long, fully three times as long as broad at widest part, lateral margins distad of anal foramen almost straight, moderately converging distad, apical margin deeply rounded. 6: length, 3-5 mm.; tegmen, 3-6 mm. @: length, 3°38 mm.; tegmen, 4-5 mm. Holotype g. CHILE: Cuesta Zapata, Santiago, 30.xi.1947 (G. Kuschel). Paratypes: I 3, 4 9, same data. Fics. 181-184. Sarnus rectemarginatus sp. n. 181, Male genitalia; 182, apical portion of ventrolateral processes of aedeagus. Sarnus rhomboidalis sp. n. 183, Male genitalia ; 184, apical portion of ventrolateral processes of aedeagus, 270 R.G. FENNAH This species is distinguished by the characters given in the key above, and by the structure of the male genitalia. Sarnus gilvus sp. n. (Text-figs. 195-199) Q. Vertex broader than long in middle line (4-7 : 1), frons in middle line longer than broad (1-1: 1), slightly wider at base than at apex, lateral margins weakly convex, median carina more or less distinct on basal half of frons. Tegmina with apical margin convex, broadly rounding into costal margin. Fics. 185-199. Sarnus rhomboidalis sp. n. 185, Frons and clypeus; 186, vertex and pronotum ; 187, head in profile; 188, tegmen; 189, anal segment of female, posterior view ; Sarnus rectemarginatus sp.n. 190, Fronsandclypeus ; 191, vertex and pronotum ; 192, head in profile; 193, tegmen; 194, anal segment of female, posterior view ; Sarnus giluvus sp.n. 195, Frons and clypeus ; 196, vertex and pronotum ; 197, head in profile ; 198, tegmen; 199, anal segment of female, posterior view, FULGOROIDEA EROM SS. (CHILE 271 Stramineous ; a row of four to eleven small spots on each side of frontal disc submarginally, a sprinkling of spots distally at middle and basally at lateral angles, two rows of small spots in anterior half of pronotum, and a round spot on each side of median carina at base, lateral lobes sometimes, a linear mark on each side of median carina of mesonotum, two linear markings on each side of clypeus, rostrum apically, two diffuse transverse bands on pro- and mesofemora, one on pro- and mesotibiae, fourth to sixth abdominal terga, except medially, and about six small spots on each corresponding ventrite, piceous. Tegmina translucent, stramineous, a series of about ten sublinear spots along costal margin and a small spot in each apical areole, a diffuse broad band from costa at one third from base to clavus at apex, and longitudinal veins in their middle portion, dark fuscous ; veins in an ovate area in basal third of corium, and in clavus, concolorous with ground. Anal segment of female in dorsal view ovate, less than twice as long as broad, lateral margins distad of level of anal style convex, decurved ventrad. @: length, 3-0 mm.; tegmen, 4-0 mm. Holotype 9. CHILE: Carrizal Bajo, playa, 10.x.1957. Paratype: I 9, same data. In the type specimen the lateral lobes of the pronotum are pale; in the more heavily marked paratype they are mostly piceous. This species is distinguished by its general pale ground colour, and by the evenly arcuate shape of the lateral margins of the frons. NUBITHIA Stal Nubithia Stal, 1859a: 323. Haplotype, Nubithia grisescens Stal, 1859a : 323. Nubithia gayi (Spinola) comb. n. Issus gayi Spinola, 1852a : 263. It is possible that N. chilensis Melichar (1906 : 177) will prove to be the same as this species, but until the types can be examined the relationship cannot be decided with certainty. REFERENCES Cuina, W. E. 1958. Hemiptera of Tristan da Cunha. Results of the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunha 1937-1938 No. 43: 1-8, 1 fig. FENNAH, R.G. 1952. On the generic classification of Derbidae (Fulgoroidea), with descriptions of new Neotropical species. Tvans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 103 : 109-170, 38 figs. 1954. The higher classification of the family Issidae (Homoptera : Fulgoroidea). Tyvans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 105 : 455-474, 15 figs. 1963. New Genera of Delphacidae (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea) Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 32:15, 16. Ho.tpGaTeE, M. W. 1960. The Royal Society Expedition to southern Chile. Proc. R. Soc. (B) 152 : 434-441. KUSCHEL, G. 1960. Terrestrial zoology in southern Chile. Proc. R. Soc: (B) 152: 540-550, 1 map. METcaLF, Z. P. 1948. General Catalogue of the Hemiptera. Fasc. 4 Pt. 10, Achilidae : 1-85. ENTOM. 17, 6. 9 272 R. G. FENNAH INDEX Synonyms in italics acutiusculus, 251 adspersus, 238 angustipennis, 265 atlanticus, 253 anonymi, 250 bergi, 267 bonaerense, 247 breviceps, 261 Calbodus, 251 caliginosum, 247 Catonia, 257 chepuanus, 241 chilensis, 260 Chondrodera, 260 cixioides, 235 Cixiosoma, 247 consimilis, 254 correntosoensis, 251 discreta, 261 fasciolaris, 235 fulvicollis, 235, 237 gayi, Catonia, 258 gayi, Nubithia, 271 gayi, Sicoris, 260 gillettei, 254 gilvus, 270 Goneokarella, 254 helvolus, 238 Idiosemus, 251 Idiosystatus, 251 ivrovatus, 258 lineatipes, 254 maculatus, 258 maculivenis, 254 magellanicus, 243 Mnemosyne, 235 Myrophenges, 263 neocclusa, 254 nigrescens, 253 Nothodelphax, 253 Notocixius, 235 Notosimus, 264 Nubithia, 271 occlusa, 254 ophion, 245 ornatipennis, 257 pallens, 238 pallidulus, 251 patquianus, 251 Pintalia, 235 Plagiopsis, 266 planifrons, 264 platense, 247 rectemarginatus, 268 rhomboidalis, 269 Rhotala, 255 Sarnus, 267 scotti, 266 Sicoris, 260 Sicorisia, 261 Stenosystatus, 250 Taractellus, 260 tenebrosus, 239 valdiviana, 255 valdiviensis, 258 xiphias, 251 A LIST OF SUPPLEMENTS TO THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SERIES OF THE BULLETIN . OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) 1. MASNER, L. The types of Proctotrupoidea (Hymenoptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) and in the Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford. Pp. 143. February, 1965. £5. ; 2. Nixon, G. E. J. A reclassification of the tribe Microgasterini (Hymenoptera : Braconidae). Pp. 284; 348 Text-figures. August, 1965. 6. | 3. Watson, A. A revision of the Ethiopian Drepanidae (Lepidoptera). Pp. 177; 18 plates, 270 Text-figures. August, 1965. {4 4s. 4. SANDS, W. A. A revision of the Termite Subfamily Nasutitermitinae (Isoptera. Termitidae) from the Ethiopian Region. Pp. 172; 500 Text-figures. October. 1965. £355. 5. AHMAD, I. The Leptocorisinae (Heteroptera: Alydidae) of the World. Pp. 156 475 Text figures. November, 1965. {2 I5s. 6. OKADA, T. Diptera from Nepal. Cryptochaetidae, Diastatidae & Drosophilidae. In press. PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY ADLARD & SON LIMITED, BARTHOLOMEW PRESS, DORKING THE EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION E. S. ROSS BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 7 LONDON : 1966 THE EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION BY: E.S.ROSS California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco Pp. 273-326 ; 20 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 17 No. 7 LONDON : 1966 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted im 1949, 1s issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical series. Paris will appear at irregular intervals as they become veady. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. In 1965 a separate supplementary series of longer papers was instituted, numbered serially for each Department. This paper is Vol. 17, No. 7 of the Entomological serves. The abbreviated titles of periodicals cited follow those of the World List of Scientific Periodicals. © Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History) 1966 PRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) Issued 3 January, 1966 Price {1 2s. THE EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION By E. S. ROSS CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION. d : ; : ; : ; ; : = 275 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. ‘ ; j : i ‘ . é 1. 2270 GENERAL EXPLANATION OF FIGURES : : ; : : ‘ “278 KEY TO GENERA . ? ; i : 3 , : : E 202759 Electroembia Ross . é : , : : ; ‘ : BF te seks" Embia Latreille : : . . : : : : . 280 Cleomia Stefani. : : ‘ Z ‘ . : , ere 1a | Oligotoma Westwood ‘ : ‘ : 3 ; : Pie Em Haploembia Verhoeft A : : : : ‘ ; : 37 Br REFERENCES : ‘ ; ; : ; F : , é e322 SVNORSITS Twenty-four Recent and Tertiary species of Embioptera of the European and Mediterranean regions are recognized and revised. Nine of these are new species of Embia. One old species of Embia is placed in synonymy. The treatments of known species usually are based on holotypes, or other type specimens. The reference list is intended to include all papers on the systematics and biology of Embioptera occurring within the geographic scope of this work. INTRODUCTION Except for the recent work of Dr. Renzo Stefani of Sardinia, no great effort has been made to collect or study the Embioptera in the regions here considered. The writer is monographing the order but his extensive fieldwork to gather adequate study material has been confined to the major evolutionary centres of the order—the Old and New World tropics and Australia. Consequently, the present study can be considered little more than a consolidation of information based on a review of the literature and the few available specimens scattered in museums, chiefly in Europe. It is hoped that this comprehensive coverage will encourage resident workers in the Mediterranean region to develop an interest in the order and at least to make adequate collections. Collecting Methods No sample of Embioptera is of much value unless it includes at least one adult male. Such specimens exhibit the principal characters used in classification and species identification. Adult females, although identifiable within a limited region, are only of secondary value. Unfortunately, adult males of most species mature during a limited season and die soon after mating. During the greater part of the ENTom. 17, 7. 10 276 E> 3) GuOSS year the colonies comprise aggregations of adult females and their broods of nymphs. In the Mediterranean region even these are most likely to be encountered during the winter and spring rainy season. With increasing aridity and heat of summer and fall, most embiids confine their activity to the depths of the soil and must be collected by tedious excavation. Therefore, the best way to obtain adult males is to collect nymphs alive and rear them to maturity in laboratory cultures. If not diseased, such cultures can be maintained indefinitely and will yield large series of adults for variation studies as well as for distribution to museums. Fortunately, embiids are about the easiest insects to culture. The collector should go into the field with a digging tool, such as a geological pick, tweezers, vials of alcohol, and a number of large glass or plastic shell vials (about I in. X 5 in., with straight sides) with tight cotton stoppers. In the Mediterranean climatic zone most embiid colonies will be found under stones in places with at least vestiges of native vegetation. In spring or early summer, adult males may be found in the field and killed and preserved in vials of alcohol. The other occupants of the colony should be taken alive. First pack a culture tube with habitat material, such as dead oak leaves, dry grass, or bark fragments, before introducing the insects. These are best caught by trapping them in a section of silk gallery which can be then transferred to the tube. Embiids also can be caused to run backwards into the tube and this reduces the hazard of injury with the pinch of tweezers. The tube culture will support at least a dozen embiids but more can be collected if the larger field lot is soon established in a larger container, such as a jar. Immediately after capture, the embiids will begin to spin new galleries in the habitat material which also serves as food. Periodically drops of water should be pipetted into the container to maintain slight dampness. After the culture becomes thoroughly webbed, and somewhat crowded, it is advisable to supplement the diet with lettuce leaf laid on the silk surface beneath the stopper. About every third day the old, uneaten leaf should be removed and replaced with fresh. Maturing males tend to rest in upper galleries where they can be trapped and col- lected. If the original field lot was small, the first males should not be removed until it is reasonably certain mating has occurred. As a culture flourishes, one can afford to collect associated adult females, eggs, and nymphs. It should be noted that some species may be parthenogenetic. Haploembia solieri (Rambur) reproduces exclusively by parthenogenesis on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea. The culturing activity often also yields specimens of various parasites associated with embiids. Some cultures may fail due to pathological agents, notably infestation with sporozoan parasites of the genus Diplocystis. General Biology The habitat and biology of Mediterranean embiids may be expected to be quite similar regardless of their systematics. The prime governing factor is the highly seasonal climate with a prolonged summer dry season which tends to restrict the oa aN Nn gyre tng EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 277 occurrence to soil levels. Colonies are most readily encountered under objects on the ground, such as stones, logs, dry cattle droppings, etc. The silk galleries ramify amongst vegetative debris under and around such objects and, as the soil cracks with increasing desiccation, the galleries extend down these openings to cooler, damper depths. It is probable that some species come up from these levels at night in the dry season to feed. At such times they may carry back bits of leaf for con- sumption in the subterranean retreat. Sexual maturity probably occurs once a year in the spring or early summer. The males mate and soon die. Their mandibles are used as clasping organs in mating and not for ingestion of food (the gut of adult males is devoid of food). The nymphs and parent females retreat to soil depths during the dry season but return to the surface with the first winter rains. In regions experiencing cold winter periods, the embiids rest completely enclosed in cocoon-like chambers in the galleries. They break out and resume activity during intermittent warm winter periods. Oligotoma nigra Hagen, occurring in the south-eastern portion of the Mediterranean region, may not have a fixed annual cycle and any stage or sex may be present at any time of the year. Details on the biology of Mediterranean embiids may be found in papers by the following authors: Delamare Deboutteville (1946, 1949), Denis (1949), Friederichs (1906, 1923, 1934), Kusnezov (1904), Ledoux (1958), Lucas (1859), Michieli (1956, 1958), Stefani (1953, et seqg.), Taborsky (1938). Zoogeographic Considerations Embioptera essentially are tropical insects and the regions here considered repre- sent the northern and western margins of the Ethiopian and Asian embiid faunas, respectively. The Baltic Amber fossil Electroembia antiqua (Pictet) shows that the order ranged into northern Europe during the early Tertiary. Today the most northern limits are in the Crimea, the Bulgarian littoral and European shores of the Mediterranean Sea. In more southern latitudes of Europe, such as Spain, and North Africa, the order ranges well inland and to higher altitudes. Collecting to date, especially in eastern Mediterranean regions, has been neglected and we have little basis for meaningful zoogeographic conclusions. Also, caution must be exercised because embiids are easily transported in human commerce and species have been moved about during thousands of years of ancient commerce. It is possible for a given area to have been populated as a result of a single intro- duction and centuries of inbreeding of the limited gene pool conceivably could produce a population somewhat distinct from any other (as in island introductions). Oligotoma nigra Hagen, a member of a species-group centred in northern India, apparently has been moved westward (perhaps beginning in early caravan traffic) and is now well established along the south-eastern Mediterranean littoral and up the Nile valley into Sudan. Embia savignyi Westwood of the Nile region appears to have been artificially carried to Crete and possibly other areas. Except for the above species, the Embioptera of the Mediterranean area are native to the region, yet subject to artificial movement within this range. Haploembia 278 EB SH ROSS Verhoeff, of the otherwise Oriental—Indo-Australian family Oligotomidae, is the only genus restricted to the Mediterranean region and must have been derived from Asiatic stock (there are no endemic oligotomids in Africa). Embia Westwood is the best represented genus in the area and its Mediterranean species comprise a distinct, detached segment of the Ethiopian fauna in which the genus is an important element. It would appear that the Embia fauna moved into the region from the western side of Africa inasmuch as all of the endemic species are concentrated in the western Mediterranean and none have been collected around the eastern extremity of the Sea. This, however, may reflect a lack of collecting. In the Middle East the genus Embia is replaced by Parembia Davis, a genus centred in north-western India and Pakistan (West). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This paper is a unit of a world scope monographic treatment of the Embioptera supported by research grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Geographic Society, both of Washington D.C. An introductory volume dealing with general topics and a world classification of genera is in preparation, as well as a series of larger volumes dealing with the species of the Ethiopian, Asian, Australian and New World faunas. Part of the present study was conducted in several museums of Europe and this was followed by research on specimens borrowed from the institutions listed below. The writer is grateful to the named individuals for their cooperation and assistance. Austria : Naturhistorische Museum, Wien (M. Beier). Belgium: Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles (H. Synave). Denmark: Univer- sitetets Zoologiske Museum, Kgbenhaven (A. Nielsen, S. S. Tuxen). England: (B.M.N.H.) British Museum (N.H.), London (D. E. Kimmins). France: Laboratoire Arago, Bayuls-sur-Mer (C. Delamare Deboutteville) ; Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (S. Kelner, J. Carayon). Germany: Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Berlin (W. Hennig) ; Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (St. Von Keler) ; Geologischen Staatsinstitut in Hamburg (E. Voigt, W. Hantzschel) ; Staatliches Museum fiir Naturkunde in Stuttgart (W. Richter). Hungary: Magyar Nemzeti Muzeum, Budapest (Z. Kaszab). Italy: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria ’’, Genova (F. Capra) ; Universita di Cagliari, Sardinia (R. Stefani). Poland: Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa (J. Nast). Portugal: Lisboa (E. Luna de Carvalho). Spain: Museo de Zoologia, Barcelona (F. Espafiol) ; Instituto Espanol de Entomologia, Madrid (G. Ceballos) ; Colegio del Salvador, Zaragoza (R. P. L. Palazon de Lattre, S. J.). Sweden: Zoologiska Institution Lund (P. Brinck). Switzerland: Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel (E. Sutter). United States: (M.C.Z.) Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. (P. J. Darlington) ; (C.A.S.) California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco (Author’s collection). GENERAL EXPLANATION OF FIGURES The figures in this paper were drawn by the author and are based on tracings of photomicrographs of cleared slide preparations. The various figures are seldom drawn to the same scale. An attempt has been made to show degree of sclerotization EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 279 by line thickness and shading. Membranous areas are stippled. The basitarsal chaetotaxy and peg-like microsetae (echinulations) are accurately represented, otherwise setae generally are omitted. Explanation of symbols : 9 = ninth abdomi- nal tergite; 10 L = left hemitergite of tenth segment, 10 LP = process of 10 L; 10 R = right hemitergite of tenth segment, 10 RP = process of lo R; MF = median flap of 10 R; MS = median sclerite of tenth tergite ; EP = epiproct ; H = hypan- drium, or ninth abdominal sternite, HP = process of H ; LCB and RCB = left and right cercus-basipodites ; LPPT and RPPT = left and right paraprocts, LPPT P = process of left paraproct. Generally it will be easier to identify male specimens of a species by reference to the figures than by the use of the keys. KEY TO GENERA OF EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN EMBIOPTERA 1 Fossilized in Baltic Amber : ; : ' , , : ELECTROEMBIA Recent species ; : : ‘ ; 2 2 All instars with two ventral papillae on hind basitarsus. “Males always apterous HAPLOEMBIA — All instars with one hind basitarsal papilla. Males apterous or alate . ‘ 3 3 Adult males always alate; wing vein MA (R,,,) always unforked. Basal segment of left cercus unlobed and non-echinulate. Right tergal process (10 RP) acutely triangulate, separated from hemitergite (Io R) by membranous area. OLIGOTOMA — Adult males apterous or alate; when winged, MA always forked. Basal segment of left cercus lobed and echinulate on inner surface. Right tergal process in- conspicuous, right hemitergite uniformly sclerotized to its base : E 4 4 Adult males apterous or alate. Left cercus with a simple inner lobe or expansion EMBIA - Adult males always apterous. Left cercus bilobed, with an inner-basal lobe and a larger, dorso-medial distal lobe : : , . ‘ : ; CLEOMIA Family EMBIIDAE Burmeister, 1839 ELECTROEMBIA Ross Electroembia Ross, 1956: 77. Type-species. Embia antiqua Pictet, 1854, by original designation. Distribution. Tertiary fossils in Baltic Amber. Diagnosis. Males apterous, uniformly blackish ; superficially resembling apterous males of Embia. Terminalia with membranous, medial cleft of tenth tergite exceptionally broad at base ; median flap (MF) elevated, ridge-like, micro-echinulate anteriorly, caudally continuous with inner margin of right hemitergite (10 R) which has a small, spine-like apical process (10 RP) ; process of left hemitergite (10 LP) projected straight back, twisted and terminated as a very fine, acute point ; caudal margin of composite left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) bearing a broadly- rounded, micro-echinulate lobe ; basal segment of left cercus gradually expanded from base to apex on inner side to become peculiarly wedge shaped, inner surface extensively micro-echinulate. Hind basitarsus with two ventral papillae ; plantar setae rather sparse, the basals much larger than the distals. Remarks. This genus is not closely related to Embia Latreille. It appears to have affinities with other genera, such as Rhagadochiy Enderlein and Chirembia 280 BE: S.(ROSS Davis of the Ethiopian region, which belong to a complex of related genera centred in the Ethiopian and Neotropical regions. Electroembia is not a primitive genus and it is not inconceivable that living representatives could occur in the present fauna of Asia Minor or North Africa. As I mentioned before (1956), male apterism in Embioptera is most prevalent in regions experiencing a prolonged dry season and thus apterism in Electroembia suggests that the climate of the Baltic region at the time of fossilization was probably Mediterranean in type with a summer dry season and a wet winter and spring. Electroembia antiqua (Pictet) (Text-fig. 1) Embia antiqua Pictet, 1854: 370, pl. XL, fig. 28. Pictet & Hagen, 1856: 56, pl. 5, fig. 7. Lucas, 1883: XXVI._ Friederichs, 1906 : 236. Oligotoma antiqua (Pictet) Hagen, 1885:176. MHandlirsch, 1906-08: 894. Krauss, 1911 : 47. Enderlein, 1912 : 95. Haploembia antiqua (Pictet) Davis, 1939 : 562, figs. 7-15. Stefani, 1955: 116. Electroembia antiqua (Pictet) Ross, 1956: 79, 2 figs. Syntypes. Four specimens, stage or sex not indicated. Originally deposited in the Geological-Paleontological Institute, Humboldt University, Berlin. According to information I have received, the box which contained these specimens is now empty and the specimens cannot be located. Syntype data. Baltic Amber. Plesiotypes. Two males and one nymph in Geologisches Staatsinstitut, Hamburg (Scheele collection). Remarks. I have nothing further to add to my 1956 redescription of this species based on specimens loaned to me by the Geological Institute in Hamburg. Although it is possible that several species of the order potentially may be collected in Baltic Amber, the concept of the name antiqua may be fixed to this redescription. One must also consider the remote possibility that the Hamburg specimens are Pictet’s subsequently moved from their original place of deposit. My 1956 figure based on the above specimens is here republished for the benefit of entomologists not having ready access to the geological periodical in which it first appeared. EMBIA Latreille 1 Synonymy complete. Citations incomplete. Embia Latreille, 1825 : 437. Euembia Verhoeff, 1904 : 201 [name for spp. with alate males}. Enderlein, 1909 : 180 [As syn. of Embia). Monotylota Enderlein, 1909 : 188 (Type-species : Embia ramburi R.-K., 1905). Davis, 1940a: 324 [As syn. of Embia]. Type-species. Embia savignyi Westwood, 1837, by original monotypy. EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 281 Distribution. Southern Europe southward into southern Africa and eastward into S.W. Arabia. Prefers semi-arid life zones. Absent in tropical rain forest. Revisions. Krauss, 1911; Enderlein, 1912; Davis, 19402. Diagnosis. Males apterous or alate, usually blackish but with some uniformly pale, tan species, or species with prothorax reddish. Head usually with small eyes ; antennae with short segments which do not have exceptionally long setae, apical segments never contrastingly pale ; mandibles usually elongate, parallel-sided with apical teeth usually curled ventrad and not clearly visible from above; submentum seldom large, or heavily sclerotized. Body form rather stout with relatively thick, short legs ; hind basitarsi short with only a terminal ventral papilla. Wings, if present usually short in relation to body size; MA (R4+;) always forked (except in aberrant individuals); cross-venation never extensive. Abdominal terminalia \ UCB + LPPT 10 LP TERMINALIA SUBMENTUM HIND BASITARSUS Fic. 1. LElectroembia antiqua (Pictet). Important characters of male plesiotype in Baltic Amber. (Republished from Ross, 1956). Explanation of symbols on page 279. 282 E. SeoROSS with tenth tergal cleft always narrow; left hemitergite (10 L) often strongly arched well sclerotized, often with inflexed caudal margins ; left process (10 LP) always simple, usually short, outwardly-curved, distally-tapered, and acutely-pointed ; right hemitergite (10 R) more extensive than 10 L with margins (especially the inner) weakly sclerotized ; right process (Io RP) poorly developed, usually a small point or weak lobe directed beneath caudal margin of 10 R and not visible from above; median flap (MF) well developed, elongate, caudally-lobed and separated from 10 R for most of its length by a narrow, membranous emargination. Epiproct sclerite (EP) usually obscured by MP, elongate, straight, parallel-sided. Hypandrium (H) extensive, evenly but weakly sclerotized ; its lobe (HP) submedial, broadly rounded apically ; weakly sclerotized on left side strongly so on right side. Composite left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) well developed, highly interspecifically variable ; usually bearing a short, talon-like, sclerotic process on caudal margin and often a rounded nodule on ventral surface (in some species one or both of these structures may be absent or sub-obsolete). Right cercus-basipodite (RCB) a ventral half ring and with the probable right paraproct (RPPT) fused along its basal margin. Cerci rather short, never with distal segment contrastingly pale or white; basal segment of left cercus (LC,) interspecifically variable, with a single, echinulate lobe on inner side; basal segment of right cercus sclerotic only on inner side, outer side largely membranous, at least — baso-laterally ; apical segments of both cerci subequal. Females. Without useful generic characters except for the short hind basitarsi with only one ventral papilla. Paragenital sternites of abdomen often with special sclerotic developments. Remarks. The genus Embia promises to be one of the largest and most difficult of the order due to much apparent current evolutionary activity manifested by recognizable, but difficult-to-define, differentiation in various populations. The genetic stock present in Europe is very limited but in North Africa several species- groups are present which have diversified to form an interesting array of species and, perhaps, races. One species, Embia savignyi Westwood is typically Ethiopian and seems to be centred in southern Sudan and western Ethiopia. It entered the Mediterranean region (probably with the assistance of man’s commerce) by way of the irrigated zones of the Nile Valley and has been carried to Crete and possibly other eastern Mediterranean regions. It also may be expected in oases of the eastern Sahara. From Libya westward, and northward through Spain, and the islands and shores of the western Mediterranean, the fauna of Embia is very distinct from the Ethiopian and this probably reflects long isolation from southern stocks. It is possible, however, that there is some southern contact by way of Spanish Sahara and Mauri- tania. The Embioptera fauna of these regions is completely unknown, however. The main value of the present treatment should be a clarification of the identity of most of the older species on the basis of their holotypes. Attention also is called to the complexity of the genus Embia in North Africa. In the past almost any winged male from this region was simply identified as mauritanica Lucas. It is now evident that the genus is highly diversified and plastic. Due to limited collecting the present treatment of North African species is princi- pally based on a study of a mere 48 adult males from 25 scattered localities, chiefly in N.E. Algeria and Tunisia. Twelve species have been distinguished in this study but several discrepant specimens on hand cannot be assigned to any of these species. It is hoped that adequate series will aid their future determination. It is possible, however, that a thorough survey and study of series will reveal clinal blends and EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 283 overlaps of some of the species here named and show that in some cases clear-cut species or racial definitions will be difficult, if not impossible, to attain. The ten- dency of embiids, particularly those apterous in both sexes, to inbreed in limited areas, should result in at least slight differentiation of various populations. Also, inhospitable arid climates with periodic dry cycles might tend to periodically reduce population size and thereby increase chances of genetic differentiation. To reflect apparent relationships of species, the following treatment indicates a number of species-groups. Most of the species can be distinguished by use of the following key and reference to the figures of the terminalia. KEY TO EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN SPECIES OF EMBIA ADULT MALES I Left paraproct (LCB + eae with a distinct caudal process on its posterior margin , 2 = Left paraproct without process: or, ae best, with : a minute barb- like point not visible from above : 6 2 (1) Submentum heavily sclerotized, lateral margins strongly inflexed: ‘median flap (MF) of terminalia sclerotic, as black as hemitergites (10 L and 10 R); left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) with ventral nodule very large, as heavily sclero- tized and as darkly pigmented as the paraproct; always apterous . ramburi ~ Submentum weakly sclerotized, lateral margins not strongly inflexed; median flap (MF) weakly sclerotized or submembranous, paler than hemitergites; left paraproct without ventral nodule or, if present, weakly or partially sclerotized; apterous or alate . ; 5 é ; , 3 3 (2) General colour light brown, or tan, with head golden. Process of left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) slender, tapered to fine point, similar to apex of left tergal process. Nile Valley and Eastern Mediterranean ; savignyi - General colour dark brown to black, head usually concolorous “with body. Process of left paraproct variable, apex broadly acute or blunt. Southern Europe and North Africa : 4 4 (3) Process of left paraproct small, mntich? less prominent waa left terpal process, Always apterous . : 5 - Process of left de da large, as s conspicuous as left tergal process. Apiecods or alate ; mauritanica group* 5 (4) Very large (about 183 mm. long), resembling : an adult female: left tergal process outwardly arcuate; paraproct process conate, its length equal to basal width; inner side of basal segment of left cercus broadly arcuate. Tunisia . biroi - Smaller (about 10 mm. long); left tergal process nearly straight, paraproct process very slender, talon-like, its length much greater than basal width; inner side of cercus acutely lobed. Sardinia . . nuragica 6 (1) Left paraproct process a minute, ae point, ora rudiment ‘beneath posterior margin of paraproct : ‘ ‘ 4 : , 7 - Left paraproct without trace of a process ios: Group) : ; 10 7 (6) Mandibles with apical teeth curled beneath subapicals (amadorae Group) : 8 ~ Mandibles with apical teeth well separated, all visible from above (algerica Group) ‘ : F , : : 4 : ; : ‘ . 9 2It is impractical to key out the species of this group. The worker should compare the figures accompanying the species treatments in making identifications. 284 E. S. ROSS 8 (7) Head quadrate, almost as broad as long; left tergal process (10 LP) short, slightly extended beyond paraproct margin; median flap (MF) dark brown; basal segment of left cercus expanded mesad from its extreme base. Portugal and Spain? . ; ‘ : ‘ : ‘ ; : : amadorae*® - Head elongate-oval; left tergal process longer, extended well beyond paraproct margin; median flap pale, translucent; basal segment of left cercus narrow basally before mesal expansion : ; larachensis 9 (7) Apterous; head as dark as body; basal segment of left cercus obtusely lobed, apical two-thirds broad to apex and only slightly tapered distad . 3 algerica ~ Alate; head golden, body brown; basal segment of left cercus acutely, symmetri- cally lobed, caudomesal side incurved and strongly tapered distad . lecerfi 1o (6) Left tergal process (10 LP) with sides nearly straight, subparallel, its apex blunt and rounded; basal gaa of left cercus with lobe evenly hemi- spherical ‘ ; lucasi — Left tergal process with sides sinuous, unevenly spaced, its apex acutely pointed ; basal segment of left cercus with lobe greatly expanded and extended caudad silvestrii The SAVIGNYI Group Embia savignyi Westwood* (Text-fig. 2) (Without name) Savigny, 1825?, pl. II, figs. 9, 10 [no explanation]. Embie Latreille, 1825: 437. Audouin, 1825: 194 [explanation of Savigny’s plate]. Latreille, 1829 : 256. : Embia savignyi Westwood, 1837 : 372, pl. 11, fig. 1. Davis, 1940a@ : 325, figs. 1-6 [designates neotype]. Embia aegyptiaca Blanchard, 1845: 283 [nom. nud.] (type loc. Eaypt). Davis, 19404 : 327 [as syn. of savignyt]. Donaconethis ehrenbergi, sensu Enderlein, 1912:107 [D. ehvenbergi Enderlein, sensu 1909, appears to be a distinct species.]. Embia enderleini Esben-Petersen, 1915 : 86, figs. 10-11 (Type: male from Dabba el Gardegna, Sudan). Davis, 1940a : 327 [as provisional syn. savignyi]. Neotype. Male, deposited in the British Museum (N.H.). Designated by Davis (19404). Type data. Sudan: G. R. F. Medani (H. W. Bedford), 22.xii.22, Blue Nile. Diagnosis. Males moderate in size, robust, always winged. Generally light brown or tan in colour with head golden ; prothorax slightly paler than pterothorax ; body and legs extensively subcutaneously mottled with rust-red ; terminalia chestnut-brown with processes of left tergite and left paraproct dark amber, median flap whitish. Body length averaging 10 mm. Important structural features: Cranium broad, quadrate, sides subparallel; eyes small, interspace equal to four eye-widths ; mandibles elongate, sides parallel, apical teeth strongly curled ventrad. Terminalia with left process (10 LP) very narrow, evenly tapered, abruptly curved to left at apical third; median flap (MF) narrow, longitudinally wrinkled, devoid of spiculation, acute ; process of left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) very narrow, claw-like, resembling 3 I suspect that fuentei Navas, when redescribed, will key to this couplet. 4Synonymy complete. Citations incomplete. ~~ EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION — 285 left tergal process, evenly arcuated ventrolaterad ; ventral nodule of paraproct small, often conate; basal segment of left cercus broadly, obtusely rounded on inner side, not forming an abrupt lobe. Females. Without distinctive specific characters but separable from those of all other North Africa and European species by the pale coloration which is similar to that of males. General distribution. Chiefly southern Sudan and S.W. Ethiopia, thence north- ward down the Nile to its delta. Probably sporadic occurrence by introduction on islands and shores of eastern Mediterranean Sea. ty Ry SUN RON N 7979775 “ie r \. % ‘MF LPPT P 10 LP TERMINALIA DORSAL Sd + RPPT LCB + LPPT HIND BASITARSUS TERMINALIA VENTRAL Fic. 2. Embia savignyi Westwood. Important characters of male plesiotype from Maadi, Cairo, Egypt. Explanation of symbols on page 279. 286 B.S: -ROSS Mediterranean region records. Ecypt: Maadi, Cairo, 1 § at light ix.1953 (Hoogstraal) (C.A.S.). CRETE: I $ (Handlirsch) (Vienna Mus.). S. PALESTINE: Deir El-Belah, 8 mi. S.W of Gaza, I g, 24.1V.1917 (E. E. Austen). Remarks. In spite of the fact that savignyz is the first known species of the order, very few specimens have been collected. The males are distinct from all others treated in this paper in their pale coloration and the form of the terminalia processes. Like those of so many pale species inhabiting arid regions, males frequently are attracted to light, especially at the beginning of the rainy season. The MAURITANICA Group Embia mauritanica Lucas (Text-fig. 3) Embia mauritanica Lucas, 1849; III, pl. 3, fig. 2; Lucas, 1859: 442 [biol.]. McLachlan, 1877 : 375 [after Lucas]. Hagen, 1885: 190 [after Lucas]. Saussure, 1895 : 339. Friederichs, 1904 : 236 [after Lucas]. Krauss, 1911 : 61, pl. 4, fig. 20; pl. 5, fig. 20. [ex parte]. Ender- lein, 1912: 36, 106, figs. 14, 15. Navas, 1915: 371 [records]; Navas, 1923: 9 [record]. Friederichs, 1934 : 442 [biol.]. Davis, 19404 : 328, 331, figs. 17-23 [redesc. cotypes]. Stefani, 1953 : 88 [comparison]. Michieli, 1953: 90; Michieli, 1957: 555 [misident. of E. tyrrhenica Stefani]. Embia tunetana Navas, 1919: 26, fig. 28; Navas, 1934: 109 [record]. Davis, 19404 : 330, figs. 29-31 [redesc. type]. (Type: dg on slide, Paris Mus. labelled ‘‘ Tunisie E. Le Moult ’’). syn. n. based on type comparisons. LECTOTYPE (by present designation). Male, on slide, deposited in the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Type labels. “‘ Algérie M. Lucas 67-96 Embia mauritanica Lucas type 1850” (written in the hand of Lucas according to Dr. J. Carayon). Type locality fixation. ALGERIA: Boghar, by present designation. The vial which contained the lectotype did not have a specific locality label but it was one of three housed in the same museum jar with other vials similarly labelled (in the hand of Lucas), one of which also included the additional word “ Bogher’’. This is taken to be an alternate spelling of Boghar, a town in the mountains south of Alger which must have been a favourite collecting area of Europeans. Lucas (1859 : 442) refers to collecting embiids at Boghar, Medeah Plateau, during April, 1850. It is interesting that two of the above vials contained, in addition to males of mauritanica, several specimens of a very distinct new species of Embia with apterous males. Hereinafter this is named after Lucas. This demonstrates that two or more species of the genus may occur in the same habitat and one must take this into consideration in making field cultures of females and nymphs. Description of lectotype. Appearance: Medium sized, winged, robust, generally unicolorous dark brown. Colour details (in alcohol, before slide preparation, probably faded due to more than a century of preservation in alcohol) : Cranium dorsally dark chestnut-brown with faint, paler basal maculation ; blending to golden brown at sides before eyes and along lateral clypeal margins; ventrally dark chestnut-brown with yellowish brown gula. Eyes black. Basal EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 287 antennal segment concolorous with cranium, second paler, all others light brown. Mandibles amber-yellow with margins and dentations reddish amber to piceous; all other sclerotized mouthparts medium brown except for darker submentum. Remainder of body and legs various shades of brown; prothorax and its legs darkest ; membranous regions pale tan. Dimensions: Body length 14:5 mm., fore wing length 7:2 mm., breadth 2-1 mm. Important structural features: As figured. Left hemitergite (10 L) about as long as broad with rounded outer and inner margins ; left process (10 LP) dorso-ventrally flattened and thin throughout, exceptionally broad with characteristic form, as figured; right process (10 RP) a rudimentary, small, acute point projected beneath margin of 10 R. Left paraproct without ventral nodule; its process flat, thin, projected meso-ventrad from inner caudal margin of paraproct, abruptly produced with sub-parallel sides terminated as an asymmetrical acute point. Basal segment of left cercus narrow basally, inner side curved inward before its expansion as a rather narrowly rounded subapical inner lobe which bears only a few irregularly-scattered peg-like echinulations. Female. No available specimens. Remarks. E. mauritanica appears to be a variable species probably extensively distributed along the Mediterranean slope of Algeria eastward through coastal =a Oe! ck Oe ROR ON A a ee a LPPT process ' | NX - lateral ~ my (4 lateral ~ Fic. 3. Embia mauritanica Lucas. Right—Important characters of terminalia of lectotype. Left—Important characters of holotype of synonym Embia tunetana Navas. Explanation of symbols on page 279. 288 E. S. ROSS Tunisia and Tripolitania. In its eastern range it appears to become paler and some — Tripolitanian specimens are decidedly bicolorous with a brown body and contrasting yellowish or golden head. The most distinctive feature of mauritanica is the broad, | flat, blade-like, left tergal process (10 LP) which varies from an apically-broad form with lateral flanges to a narrowly-acute form without flanges. The form of the paraproct process is also distinctive in being thin, flattened and from its base parallel-sided, not apically twisted. There is considerable variation in the length of this process. I can find no good characters for regarding twnetana Navas as a valid species. The paraproct process is consistently shorter and broader in the holotype of tunetana and the head of many Tunisian specimens may be paler. At best, twnetana might prove to be a race of mauritanica. However, races of North African Embia cannot be defined on the basis of the present limited sampling. The series available to the writer are cited and discussed as follows: ALGERIA: Constantine (Eaton) (McLachlan Coll. B.M.N.H.), 1 ¢ 21.vi.g4, 1 3 I7.V.95. Similar to lectotype but one male has a slight nodule developed on the inner base of the left paraproct. This male also has a more darkly pigmented, more deeply wrinkled median flap. ALGERIA: La Calle, 4.vii.g6 (Eaton) (McLachlan Coll. B.M.N.H.). 1g. Hasa narrower left tergal process with an elevated, median apical line ; paraproct process short and broad as in type of twnetana. ALGERIA : Tarfaia (A. Thery) (Paris Mus.). 1 5 det. as mauritanica by Enderlein. Left tergal process narrowly and evenly tapered to apex ; paraproct process elongate, asymmetrically, acutely pointed. ALGERIA : Hamman-Meskoutine (W. R. & K. J.), 10 3 collected at various dates between May 6 and 17, 1914 (B.M.N.H. Coll.). Series shows minor variation in left tergal and paraproct processes and an occasionally a small nodule on the left paraproct surface. Tunisia: Mateur, 2.v.43 (G. T. Riegel) 1 g (C.A.S. Coll.). Has a more golden- brown head than Algerian specimens. TunIsIA: Tunis, 13.vii.43 (G. T. Riegel) 1 $ (C.A.S. Coll.). Larger than Mateur specimen; head as dark as body; left tergal process very narrow and sharply pointed ; paraproct process longer than type of tunetana. Tunisia: “ Tunisie E. Le Moult” (Navas Coll. Zaragoza). 1 g probably from same lot as type of tunetana. Head as dark as body ; terminalia similar to type of — tunetana, as figured (Text-fig. 3a). TRIPOLITANIA: Homs, vii.19g13 (A. Andreimi) 2 3 (Genoa Mus.). Somewhat : smaller and more slender than Algerian series with head decidedly yellowish in © | contrast to brown body. These specimens were identified as E. tunetana by Navas. — Except for certain pale-headed Tunisian and Tripolitanian specimens, the entire series has very dark coloration which appears blackish to the naked eye. EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 289 Embia attenuata sp. n. ; (Text-fig. 4.4) Holotype. Male, on slide, deposited in the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Type data. Algeria: La Guetna (near Mascara), 6.vi.1929 (J. C. Bradley). Description of holotype. Appearance: Winged ; size, colour and general structure essentially the same as in mauritanica, differing in details of terminalia, as follows: Left tergal process (10 LP) angled meso-caudad, symmetrically and evenly tapered to apex ; abruptly but smoothly curved latero-caudad at apical third and terminated as a needle-sharp, sclerotic point (in mauritanica this process generally is broad throughout most of its length and abruptly curved outward almost immediately from its base and the apex is broadly acute). Apical lobe of median flap (MF) broadly rounded (in mauritanica this appears to be consistently narrowly rounded). Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) with a large, broad, dome-like, meso-ventral nodule which is micro-rugose on its mesal surface (in mauritanica such a nodule is absent) ; paraproct process with base broad (half width of sclerotic caudal margin), irregularly-tapered to apex (sides thus not extensively parallel, as in mauritanica). Basal segment of left cercus greatly expanded on inner side immediately from inner-base to form an evenly arcuate, semi-circular lobe which is more densely echinulate at its base than apically (in mauritanica the lobe is acutely rounded LCB + LPPT 4X LCB + LPPT Fic. 4, 4A. Embia attenuata n. sp. Important characters of terminalia of holotype. 48. Embia lesnein.sp. Important characters of terminalia of holotype. Explanation of symbols on page 279. ENTOM. 17, 7. II 7 290 Bh. SAROSsS and begins about halfway on the inner side of the cercus), the dorsal surface of the segment is slightly concave. Dimensions (on slide): Body length 12-2 mm.; fore wing length 6-5 mm., breadth 1-75 mm. Paratype. One male with holotype data deposited in British Museum (N.H.). Female. I have one large, mature female with holotype data but, inasmuch as all other North African species of this complex of the genus are known only from male specimens, there is no comparative basis for a satisfactory description of species characters. It is doubtful that females will exhibit adequate characters for specific differentiation. Embia lesnei sp. n. (Text-fig. 4B) Holotype. Male, on slide, deposited in the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Type labels. Algeria: “‘ Ain Oulmen”’ (handwritten on blue paper), ‘A Ain Oulmen 8 Juin 1893,” “‘ Museum Paris Algerie P. Lesne—g7’”’ (last two labels printed on cards). Description of holotype. Appearance: Winged; similar to mauritanica, but much smaller and apparently generally paler in colour. Most closely related to attenuata but differing in terminalia characters, as follows: Left tergal process (10 LP) shorter, with apical point broader and much less curved outward. Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) with ventral nodule more abruptly defined and projected laterad, instead of ventrad as in attenuata ; most significant is a transverse fold arcuating across the paraproct in line with caudal margin of ventral nodule (this fold is absent in mauritanica and attenuata) ; paraproct process narrow at basal origin, parallel-sided, curved meso-caudad, its surface finely and longitudinally strigose. Left cercus as in attenuata. Dimensions (on slide): Body length 11-0 mm.; fore wing length 5-5 mm., breadth 1-5 mm. Paratypes. None. Female. No specimens. Remarks. It may be necessary to refer to Dr. P. Lesne’s field notes to determine the exact position of Ain Oulmen. His published account (Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist., Paris, 1895, no. 3, p. 1) of his 1892-93 travels in north-eastern Algeria does not men- tion the place. I assume that Oulmene which appears on my map just south of Ain Beida in N.E. Algeria is the same place. If so, the type localities of attenuata and lesnet must have significantly distinct environmental conditions. Embia contorta sp. n. (Text-fig. 5) Holotype. Winged male, on slide, deposited in the British Museum (N.H.). Type labels. ‘‘ Biskra N. Africa Lewis Ahl 1892’’, “‘ McLachlan Coll. B.M. 1938-674.” Description of holotype. Appearance: Similar to mauritanica, but larger, robust, winged ; uniformly dark brown, almost black. Colour details (dry): Cranium dark chestnut-brown, devoid of pattern, darkest on vertex ; margins of anterior tentorial pits and clypeus pale amber. oe a ; { a EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 291 Eyes black. Basal two antennal segments dark brown, other segments medium brown. Pre- clypeal and labral membranes tan ; labrum dark chestnut-brown, blending to amber anteriorly and laterally. Mandibles yellow-amber, blending to dark reddish amber laterally and anteriorly ; other mouthparts including submentum, medium brown with yellow-tan membranes. Cervical sclerites golden brown, surrounding membranes tan. Remainder of insect with sclerites shining dark mahogany-brown, prothorax somewhat darker; head noticeably paler than thorax. All legs concolorous with thorax, paleness of femoro-tibial joints confined to membrane. Ter- minalia sclerites largely blackish brown except, as follows : caudal margin of left hemitergite and process golden, outer margin of process narrowly reddish amber ; median flap pale tan ; elevated area of left paraproct blending to pale amber ; margins of hypandrium process narrowly pale brown. Dimensions (on slide): Body length 15-4 mm.; fore wing length 8-25 mm., breadth 2°25 mm. Important structural features: Cranium broad, quadrate ; sides as broad at caudal angles as behind eyes. Terminalia with left hemitergite (10 L) obtusely angulate at outer base of left tergal process (10 LP) which has a narrow base and gradually tapers to form a long outwardly- curved, parallel-sided process, irregularly tapered apically. Median flap (MF) greatly elongate, finely strigose ; pale, translucent amber in colour. Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) largely 10 R LG; A. 10 LP TERMINALIA TERMINALIA Fic. 5. Embia contortan.sp. Important characters of terminalia of holotype. 54. Detail of left tergal process. 58. Detail of left tergal process of variant topotype. Explana- tion of symbols on page 279. 292 ho Se OSS pale, but sclerotic, with a very low, broad ventral nodule ; caudal process narrow at base thence expanded medially before attenuating to a slightly twisted truncate tip, process not strongly curved ventrad. Basal segment of left cercus broadly, evenly arcuated from inner base to apex; bearing scattered, large echinulations on inner edge. Paratypes. Four males on slides deposited in British Museum (N.H.) and the California Academy of Sciences. All from Biskra and selected from a larger Biskra series as closely matching the size and structural characters of holotype. Date and collector data, as follows : I g, iv.1908 (W. Rothschild) ; 3 g from McLachlan Collection, (Eaton), with dates: 22.v.g91, I2.V.94, 13.1V.95. Female. Unknown. Additional specimens studied. 7 ¢ from Biskra not matching holotype. Dates and collectors, as follows: I g, 22.v.91 (Eaton, McLachlan Coll., B.M.N.H.) ; I g, same but 5.v.94;1 3, no date (G. C. C., B.M.N.H.); 1 3, no date (Pascoe Coll. 93-60, B.M.N.H.) ; r 3, no date (A. Thery, Enderlein Coll., Warsaw) ; 2 3, ‘‘ Biskra Paa, Sandhdje orkenen 3—1869 Meinert ”’ (retained from larger series in Copenhagen Mus.). I 3, “Algerie, Touggourt, J. Surcouf 1922” (Paris Mus.), det. as mauritanica by Navas; 1 g, “ Krauss Sahara Oued Mzab, bei Ghardaza, 19.4.1893”’ (Stuttgart Mus.) ; x ¢, °° Tozeur, 5. Tunisia G.C.C.” (B.M.N.H.). Tunisia: Kebili (N. Banks, M.C.Z.). Two males similar to typical contorta but having the left tergal process acuminated to a narrow, fine point. One specimen has a broad, low, paraproct nodule, the other has no such nodule. Remarks. The peculiar shape of the terminalia processes and the broadly-rounded lobe of the left cercus clearly indicate that the population of Embia occurring at Biskra is specifically distinct from mauritanica. The latter must be a species characteristic of the Mediterranean slope of north Africa. However, the series from Biskra is highly variable and it is necessary to limit the designation of paratypes to specimens matching the holotype.® The Meinert specimens collected in 1869 represent the extremity of divergence from the holotype. The body is only 11 mm. long. The wings are much smaller with reduced venation (one specimen has MA unbranched), and the left paraproct has a pronounced ventral nodule. It is possible that such specimens represent a second species of Embia in the locality. Another possibility is that a dry year, or series of dry years, may result in generations of smaller, undernourished individuals which exhibit allometric variation in characters used in classification. The problem can be settled by the analysis of large series of males reared in cultures from Biskra. In addition to the above variable series, I have before me two males from N.E. Tunisia which do not quite fit the definition of contorta but seem related to this species. Perhaps specialized collecting and rearing of adequate series from N.E. Algeria and Tunisia will reveal the existence of a complex of valid species and/or races. 5 It is the writer’s policy to regard paratypes as specimens showing the nature of the holotype and not necessarily the nature of the type population or species concept. | : i EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 293 Embia sinuosa sp. n. (Text-fig. 6) Holotype. Male, on slide, deposited in the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Typelabels. “‘ Museum Paris TUNISIE Maknassy C. Dumont 1927 ’’, “ 20.4.27.” Description of holotype. Appearance: Similar to contorta but smaller than average. Differ- ing in details of terminalia, as follows: Left tergal process (10 LP) generally long, slender, only slightly outwardly-curved, constricted medially then slightly expanded before its asymmetrically- acute apex. Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) with a prominent, asymmetrical, ventral nodule directed latero-caudad and darkly pigmented on caudal face; paraproct process narrower at base than medially, apex acuminate and bent ventrad; outer caudal margin of paraproct sclerotic, incurved. Basal segment of left cercus with inner side symmetrically, obtusely angulate with a few scattered echinulations. Dimensions: Body length 11-5 mm., fore wing length 6-0 mm., breadth 1-5 mm. Paratypes. None. Female. Unknown. LEB. -UPRT VENTRAL Fic. 6. Embia sinuosa n. sp. Important characters of holotype. Explanation of symbols on page 279. 294 ESS. 2ROSs Remarks. This specimen bears the Navas identification label Embia tunetana Navas but it is not closely related to this synonym of mauritanica. It is most closely related to contorta Ross, but differs in its smaller size ; sinuosity of the left tergal process ; the pronounced ventral lobe of the left paraproct ; the smaller, ventrally hooked paraproct process (horizontal in contorta) ; and the smaller, more angulate, inner lobe of the left cercus. Before me is an additional Paris Mus. male labelled: ‘‘ Tunisie Bou Hedma C. Dumont 1929” “ Fevier’’ “‘Embia tunetana Nav. P. Navas S. J. det.” which agrees with the holotype of stnuosa except for its flat, parallel-sided left tergal process which is diagonally truncate at its apex. It may represent a distinct species or race but it will be best to await access to adequate study series before proposing an additional name. . ° . ’ t s ‘ hi N s 5 f 7 LG XA ‘ 4 ) LCB + LPPT ~ LC, _ CB + LPPT TERMINALIA DORSAL VENTRAL Fic. 7. Embiamaroccanan.sp. Important characters of holotype. Explanation of symbols — on page 279. EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 295 Embia maroccana sp. n. (Text-fig. 7) Holotype. Male, on slide, deposited in the Instituto Espanol de Entomologia, Madrid. Type labels. ‘‘ Teng-Tina’’ [Morocco], “ Embia mauritanica Lucas. $”’ (in Krauss’ hand). Description of holotype. Appearance: Small, slender, winged ; generally dark brown with head golden brown. Colour details (dry): Cranium golden brown, clouded anteriorly with mahogany-brown; eyes, antennae, and palpi dark mahogany-brown. Remainder of insect dark brown except for amber-yellow left paraproct process with a reddish amber apex. Dimensions (on slide): Body length 9-5 mm. ; fore wing length 4-5 mm., breadth 1-0 mm. Important structural features, as figured: Similar to contorta but with head narrower and mandibles shorter. Terminalia with caudal margin of left hemitergite (10 L) arcuate instead of obtusely angulate ; left process (10 LP) long, smooth-surfaced, not tilted, parallel-sided except for slight narrowing at arcuation which occurs at apical third, apex abruptly and broadly acute. Ventral surface of left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) transparent, centrally produced as a low, conate nodule directed ventro-laterad and covered with micro nodules ; paraproct process very broad and parallel-sided at basal half, then abruptly narrowed on inner edge to half of basal width, apex slightly tapered and squarely-truncate. Basal segment of left cercus not broadly arcuate on inner side, as in contorta, but obtusely triangulate in outline, as figured. Paratypes. None. Female. Unknown. Remarks. £. maroccana can be distinguished from contorta by a comparison of terminalia figures. Its occurrence far to the north-west of Biskra, and north of the Atlas range, may account for its differentiation. Embia tyrrhenica Stefani (Text-fig. 8) Embia tyrrhenica Stefani, 19530: 84, fig. 1; 1953d:1 [biol.]; 1959a: 622 [biol.]; 1959¢: 3 [Key] ; 1960): 111 [Yugoslavian records]. Holotype. Male in alcohol, deposited in the Instituto di Zoologia, Universita di Cagliari, Sardinia. Type data. SARDINIA: “ Gonnesa (Sardegna meridionale) ’’. The following synopsis of characters and the accompanying figure are based on a paratype from Gonnesa. Male. Appearance: Medium sized, alate; dark mahogany-brown throughout. Cranium elongate-quadrate, devoid of dorsal pattern. Antennae almost unicolorous; basal segments slightly darker, 18-segmented (complete). Mandibles very elongate, somewhat emarginate on inner-basal half; distal teeth curled beneath subapicals; submentum small, moderately sclerotized, lateral margins arcuate, not inflexed. Terminalia with left margin of cleft straight ; left hemitergite (10 L) large, triangulate ; left process (10 LP) very short, broad basally, acutely tapered and slightly out-curved distad ; right hemitergite (10 R) large ; median flap (MF) pale tan, not very transparent. Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) devoid of ventral nodule or pro- nounced surface sculpture ; caudal margin sclerotic, gradually angled meso-caudad from left 296 EMS. ROSS side to form outer margin of a caudal process which is straight on inner side and abruptly hooked ventrad at apex. Basal segment of left cercus large, sclerotic; broadly, evenly arcuate on inner side from extreme base to apex ; with a few coarse echinulations on extreme edge. Dimen- sion (on slide) : Body length 1o mm.; fore wing length 4:75 mm., breadth 1:25 mm. Female. Various shades of mahogany-brown, membranes not distinctly paler than sclerites ; without inter-segmental thoracic bands. Accessory gland with very large, amber semifused sclerites and two deep fossae beneath vulva with lining sclerotic reddish amber. Remarks. Stefani described completely apterous as well as micropterous forms of this species from southern Sardinia. Before me are three apterous males from Mandas, an interior locality in southern Sardinia (Gonnesa is on the S.W. coast). These differ from my three Gonnesa paratypes in having the left tergal process (Text-fig. 8B) longer, more acuminate and abruptly curved outward at go° before the apex. Also, the lobe of the left cercus is smaller and more narrowly rounded. Close study may reveal that tyrrhenica breaks up into distinguishable populations, or even a complex of races or weak species. Stefani recorded tyrrhenica from a wide range. He noted that specimens from the Rome area identified by Silvestri (1948) as E. savignyi, and specimens from Yugo- slavia (Rovigno, Istria and Isola di Veglia nel Quarnero, Krk) identified as E. mauritanica by Michieli (1956), fit his concept of tyrrhenica. It is thus likely that the species, or its close relatives, may occur in many lowland, coastal areas of Italy, and the Balkan Peninsula. LCB -+ LPPT” (: VENTRAL Fic. 8. Embiatyrrhenica Stefani. Important characters of terminalia of male topoparatype. 8B. Left tergal process of paratype from Mandas, Sardinia. Explanation of symbols on page 279. — EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 207 The RAMBURI Group Embia ramburi Rimsky-Korsakow (Text-fig. 9) Embia vamburi Rimsky-Korsakow 1905 : 434, figs. Friederichs, 1906: 215 et seq. [biol.] figs. Friederichs, 1907:270. Krauss, 1911: 57, fig. Krausse, 1914:103. Rimsky-Korsakow, 1927: 148. Silvestri, 1934: 131, fig. Davis, 1940a: 331, figs. Stefani, 19530: 90. Embia (Monotylota) ramburi Rimsky-Korsakow, 1910: 153; 1912b: 610. Monotylota vamburi (Rimsky-Korsakow) ; Enderlein, 1909:188; I912:65, 115, fig. 38. Rimsky-Korsakow, 1912a@:18. Friederichs, 1923: 11 [biol.] ; 1934: 407, et seq. figs. [biol.j. Taborsky, 1938: 109. Delamare Deboutteville, 1946: 200 fig.; 1949: 24 [biol.]. Ledoux, 1958 : 515, figs. [biol.]. Embia duplex Navas, 1908: 50. Enderlein, 1912 : 67 [as syn. of H. solieri in error]. Haploembia duplex (Navas), 1918 : 359, fig. 14. Davis, 1939: 565 [as ? syn. of ramburi]. Embia silvanoi Navas, 1908: 51. Enderlein, 1912 : 65 [as ? syn. of ramburi]. Davis, 1939 : 566 [as ? syn. of ramburi]. Embia kraussi Krausse, 1911 : 64; 1914: 103 [as syn. of vamburi]. Davis, 1940a: 342 [as unrecognizable]. Stefani, 1953b:92 [as syn. of ramburi]. Haploembia (Monotylota) laufferi Navas, 1918 : 360, fig. 15. Davis, 1939: 565 [as ? syn. of vambur1}. Type (of ramburi). Juvenile male, or female, place of deposit unknown. Perhaps no type specimen exists. Type data. FRANCE: Villefranche sur Mer (near Russian Zoological Station) collected by Rimsky-Korsakow, 1903. The following redescription and accompanying figures are based on a topotypic male, one of a series kindly presented by Dr. Renzo Stefani. Male. Appearance: Apterous, jet-black throughout, membranes brownish tinged with reddish lavender or clouded with smoky black, thus without pale thoracic intersegmental bands. Body length: 12:5 mm. (in alcohol). Colour details: Head jet-black except for gula which is concolorous with membranes; cranial surface dull in lustre, micro-rugose; clypeal region especially rugose. All sclerotized body surfaces concolorous with head, micro-rugose. Legs uniformly black except for membranes and extreme apex and claws of each terminal tarsal segment which are golden brown. Important structural features, as figured. Distribution. Southern FRANCE, SPAIN, ITALY, and certain islands of western Mediterranean. Remarks. £.vamburi is the only member of the genus with a heavily sclerotized submentum in the male with side margins strongly flexed. It is also characterized by its black, sclerotic median flap and the strongly, subterminally-bilobed left paraproct, the ventral lobe of which is a sclerotic round nodule. In much of its range it shares the habitat only with Haploembia soliert (Rambur). All instars of vamburi can be distinguished from those of solievi by the short hind basitarsus with only one ventral papilla. It is doubtful that males of vamburi ever are alate. Friederichs (1934 : 426) claimed to have hybridized vamburit and maurttanica but the identity of the parents is not clear. In any event, mauritanica could not have been involved. Most likely the female parent was tyrrhenica which had mated prior to contact with a male of ramburi. 298 E. S$. ROSS Discussion of synonyms. Embia duplex Navas, 1908. This name was based on specimens from ‘‘ Chamartin! (Madrid) ’’ and “ Zaragoza’’. To date these speci- mens have not been found in any collection. The original description is too general HEAD TERMINALIA DORSAL 10 RP LCB-+ LPPT~ TERMINALIA HIND BASITARSUS VENTRAL . Fic. 9. Embia vamburi R.-K. Important characters of a male topotype. Explanation of i symbols on page 279. ’ aia “ EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 299 ¢ for specific, or even sex determination. However, the colour note “ castanea ”’ suggests that the specimens were not adult males of ramburi which are black. In 1918 (l.c.) Navas figured the terminalia of “ duplex ’’ and cited an additional locality : Mongat (Barcelona). This figure almost certainly represents the terminalia of vamburi and I suspect that it was made from a Mongat male and not one of the originaltypes. Therefore, the synonomy of duplex with ramburz is not yet conclusive on the basis of this figure. : A visit to the type locality of Chamartin (Madrid) might establish the identity of duplex, particularly if only one species of the order happens to occur there. Ramburt is known from Madrid as recorded below. Embia silvanoi Navas, 1908. Like duplex, this species is unrecognizable from the original description. The types, probably nymphs, have not been located in any collection. It may be possible, however, to identify the species through future collecting at the type locality : San Fiel, Spain. Embia kraussi Krausse, 1911. Apparently no types are extant but the type locality is precisely stated: Asuni, Sardinia. The original series was composed of nymphs. In 1914 Krausse, without stating his evidence, and apparently without much know- ledge of ramburi, placed the name kraussi in the synonomy of vamburt. Stefani (19530) accepted this conclusion and later collected at Asuni but informed me that he could find only his own species inhabiting the region. Because more than one species of Embia occurs at Asuni, and because vamburz is known to occur on Sardinia, it is best to continue to place kvaussi as a synonym of ramburz instead of regarding it without evidence to be conspecific with one of Stefani’s Sardinian species. Haploembia (Monotylota) laufferi Navas, 1918. The type of this species was from “Pardo (Madrid) ”’ and, although stated to be in the Navas Collection deposited in Zaragoza, I was unable to find it there. The type was an apterous male and Navas’ figure of its terminalia, although poor, suggests that laufferi is a synonym of ramburt. Further support of this synonymy is an apterous male loaned to me by the Instituto Espafiol de Entomologia labelled, “‘ Provincia de Madrid J. Lauffer.” This is a typical specimen of vamburi. In the same collection there are two mature females labelled, ‘‘ Pardo (M) 21. V.15,’’ which were identified by Navas as Haploembia solieri Rambur. However, unlike those of solieri, these females are black and have a short hind basitarsus with a single ventral papilla. They may thus be regarded as females of ramburi. This generic misidentification is further evidence of the confused state of Navas’ knowledge of the Embioptera. New records. FRANCE: Marseille, series of adults matured in culture ii. 1963 (L. Bigot) (C.A.S.). Callian, Dept. Var, v.1946 (L. Berland), 1 3, 9, and nymphs, (Paris Mus.). Spain: Pego Sn. Juan, Prov. Alicante, v.1959 (H. Cotffait) 1 J, and nymphs (Paris Mus.). Ronda, 2,500 ft. 30. vi. 1925 (Sheppe) 1 3 (M.C.Z.). Madrid, No. 19, 1 ¢ (McLachlan Coll., B.M.N.H.). 300 E. S. ROSS The BIROI Group Embia biroi Krauss (Text-fig. 10) Embia Biroi Krauss, 1911 : 59, pl. 3, fig. 18. Davis, 1940a@ : 334, figs. 43-44 [after Krauss]. Monotylota bivoi (Krauss), Enderlein, 1912: 104, figs. 67-68 [quotes Krauss]. Friederichs, 1934 : 409 [as syn. of vamburi, in error]. LECTOTYPE (by present designation). Male, on slide, deposited in the Magyar Nemzeti Museum, Budapest. Type labels. ‘‘ Tunis, Gafsa, 1903.III.21, leg Bird.’’ ‘‘ Embia Biroi Krauss ; Typus! (det. Krauss). ”’ nee 5, ‘ atten Siam mime ay ! 1 ' ' 1 1 1 ! ‘ ! 1 ! ‘ ‘ \ / \ ¢ x Dy 44 his Bie gd yy gg ia Gy Yt LCB -+ LPPT <. VENTRAL ~ Fic. 10. Embia bivoi Krauss. Important characters of a male topotype. (Type lot). Explanation of symbols on page 279. EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION _ 301 Description of lectotype. Appearance: Robust, apterous, brownish ; resembling an adult female. Colour in alcohol: Almost uniformly chestnut-brown, slightly darker in sclerotic areas, paler at extremities of legs and antennae. Cranial pattern conspicuous. Body length 18-2 mm. Important structural features, as figured. Most significant: (1) The elevated promontory of the left hemitergite (10 L) above base of left process (10 LP). (2) The peculiar left process which is almost parallel-sided to its acute apex and exceptionally dorso-ventrally flat, thin, and smooth. (3) The cone-like, sclerotic right tergal process (10 RP). (4) The blunt, short, nodule- like left paraproct process. (5) The absence of a left paraproct nodule. (6) Plantar setae of hind basitarsi are numerous and dense. Remarks. E. bivoi is known only from specimens collected by Bird. The type series loaned to me for study by the Hungarian National Museum comprised two males and a female in alcohol. The loan also included a third male, not mentioned by Krauss, which has type data except for the collection data 30.iii.1903. Bird, prior to Krauss’ study erroneously identified this male as Embia mauritanica Lucas. One of the syntype males was prepared on a slide and here designated lectotype. The third male was retained, by exchange, in the California Academy of Sciences. E. birot is the largest and most extremely neoteinic of the Mediterranean species of Embia. Embia nuragica Stefani (Text-fig. 11) Embia nuragica Stefani, 19530 : 89, fig. 2. Holotype. Male, in alcohol, deposited in the Museo di Zoologia, Universita di Cagliari, Sardinia. ” . Type data. SARDINIA: “Sassari (Sardegna settentrionale) LCB. = LPPT VENTRAL Fic. 11. Embia nuragica Stefani. Important characters of terminalia of a male topoparatype. Explanation of symbols on page 279. 302 E. S. ROSS The following synopsis of characters and accompanying figure are based on a paratype male from Nuoro, Sardinia. Male. Appearance: Medium-sized, apterous: head not exceptionally large; mahogany- brown with thoracic membranes whitish except those of prothorax tinged with purple; joints between thoracic segments appearing as whitish bands. Cranium oval, nymphaform; uni- colorous dark brown, with or without dorsal pattern. Antennae almost unicolorous brown, 19-segmented (complete). Mandibles tapered distad, concolorous with cranium ; submentum small, uniformly pigmented and weakly sclerotized with non-inflexed, arcuate, lateral margins. Terminalia with cleft extended partially behind left hemitergite (10 L) which is gradually tapered meso-caudad to form a flat, thin, smooth process (10 LP) which is almost straight, parallel-sided and not sharply pointed at apex. Median flap (MF) pale, semi-transparent. Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) well sclerotized, surface strongly, transversely wrinkled, but devoid of ventral nodule ; inner angle gradually tapered to form a small, acutely-pointed, clear amber, slightly bent process. Basal segment of left cercus acutely lobed beginning at distal half ; echinulations confined to rounded apex of lobe. Body length: Io-o0 mm. Females. Resembling males but larger and lacking the two pale thoracic bands due to uniform reddish tan tinge of all body membranes. Sclerotic plates around orifice of accessory gland absent (this is a good character for distinguishing adult females from those of tyrrhenica which may be sympatric). Remarks. FE. nuragica is a very distinct species to date found only in several localities in south-central Sardinia. Related species should occur in other Mediter- ranean regions. The worker is referred to the good original treatment of Stefani for additional details. The AMADORAE Group Embia amadorae sp. n. (Text-fig. 12) Holotype. Male, on slide, deposited in the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Type data. PortuGcaLt: Amadora (near Lisbon) 10.v.1949 (E. Luna de Carvalho). Description of holotype. Appearance: Medium-sized, winged, unicolorous dark brown. Colour details (in alcohol) : Cranium piceous brown, dorsal pattern obsolete, medial area slightly paler. Basal segment of antennae piceous brown, segment II chestnut-brown, all other seg- ments yellow-tan. Sclerotized portions of mouth parts, including mandibles, chestnut-brown. Body and legs with sclerotic areas various shades of chestnut-brown with piceous sutures and margins ; pronotum more extensively piceous ; prothoracic and cervical membranes whitish, tinged with rust-red, membranes between pro- and mesothorax cream-white, all other body membranes slightly pink. Terminalia with left hemitergite (10 L) piceous brown, process (10 LP) dark amber margined with piceous ; inner and outer margins of right hemitergite (10 R) piceous, otherwise chestnut-brown ; median flap (MF) medium brown; ventral sclerites chestnut- brown with longitudinal mesal streak in hypandrium lobe (HP) piceous ; left cercus with basal segment largely dark brown with piceous margins ; right cercus light golden brown except for ee narrow, piceous inner margin and whitish outer-basal margin ; terminal segments yellow-brown — with dark cream tips. Dimensions (on slide) : body length 11-5 mm. ; fore wing length 5-5 mm., breadth 1-2 mm. : Important structural features, as figured: Cranium exceptionally broad, quadrate. Mandibles elongate with apical teeth strongly curled beneath sub-apicals. Left tergal process EMBIOPTERA OF EUROPE AND THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION § 303 (to LP) rather short, evenly tapered and outwardly arcuate to an acute point. Median flap (MF) darkly pigmented. Left paraproct (LCB + LPPT) large, without ventral nodule; its process almost completely absent, reduced to a minute, piceous point beneath caudal margins. Basal segment of left cercus massive, abruptly enlarged mesally and maintaining great breadth for length of segment, dorsal surface of lobe depressed or concave ; echinulations fine, densely concentrated on basal surface of lobe. Paratypes. Six topotypic males collected with the holotype. Deposited in the California Academy of Sciences, the British Museum, and the Instituto Espafiol de Entomologia, Madrid. These are similar to the holotype except for slight variation in body size and length of the left tergal process (extreme length figured). Allotype. Female, in alcohol, with holotype data and disposition. Light brown throughout with head, antennae, legs, and cerci amber-yellow. Sclerites of accessory gland large, fused medially, amber in colour.® 6 This description can be amplified when relative importance of characters is known at the time females of other species are known. Eee | TERMINALIA ~ a VENTRAL Fic. 12. Embia amadorae n. sp. Important characters of holotype (B. detail of left tergal process of variant paratype). Explanation of symbols on page 279. ~ 9. 9, qo f-| [| = Puccietennnnes RS) fo] SS Be} 50 ea RY (ie ea = Tree oe Se = 78 i £. a, ®, 2 + — I : : I : ¢ os 2 Sra: Pa 2 Le : i ' 25 Fic. 25. Myrsidea thoracica. 2 dorsal. 342 T.. CLAY 4. Pronotum normally with 3 + 3 long posterior marginal setae, occasional specimens with 2+40r3 4+ 1. Metasternal plate normally with 3—4 setae each side, occasionally 2 or 5 on one side. First tibia with under 10 outer dorso-lateral setae (Text-fig. 5, d). Post-spiracular setae III, V, VI considerably shorter and finer than IT. Sternite I without setae. 9g. Male internal opening of anus with 8 minute setae. 10. Spermatheca pear-shaped or spherical with thickened rim (Pl. I, fig. 4). In thoracica (from Turdus merula) it is joined to the genital chamber by a long hyaline tube with a terminal sclerotized portion (PI. I, fig. 5). 11. Male genitalia with form of endomeral plate and parameres constant (Pl. I, fig. 1) ; apparent differences in shape of parameres probably due to distortion during preparation of the specimen. Male genital sclerite characteristic with a broad flattened plate tapering to a rounded, flattened, or bulbous end. The terminal part of the sclerite is divided into two by a lateral arm each side, the posterior section varying considerably in length in different species. In mounted specimens the arms are found in all positions and it is not possible to say what is their true size and shape; the shape as shown in the figures is of no significance and cannot be used for specific determination. sR ly Myrsidea thoracica (Giebel, 1874) (Pl. I, figs. 1, 5,6; Text-figs. 1, 5-8, 25-27, 64) Type host : Turdus v. viscivorus Linn. Menopon thoracicum Giebel, 1874: 287. Host: Turdus viscivorus. This species, the first Myrsidea to be described from one of the Turdinae, resembles incerta and emersoni in the female in having tergum I unmodified, but differs in the form of tergum II (Text-fig. 25). The male is distinguished by the details of the abdominal chaetotaxy and genital sclerite (Text-fig. 64). Q and ¢ (from Turdus viscivorus). Setae of latero-ventral fringe: 11-12. Range of central marginal setae of metanotum: 9, 8-10, mean (5) 8-8; g, 6-9, mean (7) 7-4. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia: 9, 5-7, mean (10) 6-1; 3, 5-7, mean (14) 6-0. Setae of femoral brush: 9, 17-24, mean (10) 20-6; g, 13-22, mean (14) 17:2. Female abdominal sternites not markedly arched (Text-fig. 26). Abdominal Chaetotaxy. In the female, post-spiracular seta VII is shorter and finer than VIII. There is some individual variation in the lengths of the post-spiracular setae III and V—VII ; Text-fig. 25 was drawn from a female in which these setae are unusually short. Range of the lengths (in mm.) of six of these setae in 9: III, 0:20-0:27 ; V, 0:16-0:20; VI, o-16-0-23; VII, 0:24-0:31. Tergocentral setae: 9, Text-fig. 25 and Table I; the outer tergocentral setae on VIII are usually approximately the same length as the inner, in one female out of four this seta on one side is appreciably shorter, being about two-thirds the length of the inner. ¢ setae Table II. Sternal setae: 9 (Text-fig. 26), II, 7-11 anterior, mean (5) 8-6; 15-18 marginal, mean 16°8 ; III-IX, Tables III-IV. ¢ (Text-fig. 27), II, 5-8 anterior, mean (7) 6-3 ; 10-14 marginal, mean (7) 12:1; III-IX, Tables V-VI. In both sexes 3-4 setae in aster ; sternite III sometimes with 1-2 anterior median setae. In addition to these specimens from the type host (Turdus viscivorus), others conspecific with M. thoracica have been seen from the following hosts: Turdus boulboul, T. merula, T. chrysolaus, T. obscurus and T. ruficollis. All these agree with * Numbers in brackets denote number of specimens. REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 343 typical thoracica in the characters of the female tergites and male genital sclerite. Females from Turdus merula have the longer post-spiracular setae on VII (0-34—0-40) as in the specimens from T. boulboul (see below) and the relative lengths of the tergo- central setae of VIII vary as in specimens from the type host, but the outer seta is usually shorter than the inner and may be only a third of the length of the latter. They average rather smaller than those from the type host, range of head breadth : 0:52-0:54, mean (14) 0-53 ; in the males there appear to be no significant differences. LM rah nC a, anterior lateral setae of sternite II. Fic. 26. Myrsidea thoracica. 9, ventral. 15 ENTOM. 17, 8 344 T. CLAY The host is rather smaller, wing length: 126 mm. compared to 15r mm. in T. vis- civorus. Six males and seven females from Turdus obscurus average somewhat smaller than those from the type host, range of head breadth: 9, 0:49-0:51, mean (7) 0-50 and J, 0:45-0:46, mean (6) 0-455 ; the size of the host is smaller, wing length : 122mm. There is only one measurable post-spiracular seta VII among the females and this falls within the range of typical thoracica. Five females from T. chrysolaus are similar to those from 7. obscurus in breadth of head : 0:49-0:51, mean (3) 0:50 ; host wing length : 125 mm. ; length of post-spiracular seta VII is within the typical range. Two females (head breadth: 0-54) from T. ruficollis do not appear separable from specimens from the type host. There is no advantage in separating these populations taxonomically and all should be included in M. thoracica. One male and eight females from T. boulboul present a rather different problem as they show a number of small character differences from the available specimens from T. viscivorus. These include a larger number of abdominal setae on some segments : tergites I-VII (9), for instance, although the breadth of these is similar in the specimens from 7. viscivorus and boulboul, those from the type host have a total of 73-82 tergocentral setae, mean (4) 76-5 and those from boulboul 82-95, mean (4) 89:2 ; the tergocentral setae of VI in the former total 11-13, mean (5) 12 and the latter 13- 16, mean (8) 14:7._ The setae in the brush on the third femur (2) number in specimens from the type host 17-24, mean (10 femora) 20-6 and in those from T. boulboul : 24-32, mean (16) 28-4, the number of setae of only one femur in these eight specimens overlap with the typical population ; the length of the third femur although showing some overlap averages smaller in specimens from the type host: 0:25-0:27 mm., mean (10) 0-26 and those from T. boulboul : 0:27-0:30 mm., mean 0-28. In only one female from T. boulboul are the post-spiracular setae measurable and of these only III (0-27 mm.) is within the range of the typical population ; V is 0-256, VI, 0-260 and VII 0-380. The lengths of the longest spine in the female aster overlap but those from the type host average less: 0-056—0-076, mean (9 spines) 0-069 and in those from T. boulboul : 0-:070-0-094, mean (9) 0:085. On the available material, size as shown by length and breadth of head, breadth of prothorax, metanotum and tergite IV and total length and length of abdomen (these last two are unreliable measurements) appear to be similar in specimens from the two hosts. The size of the two hosts based on wing length measurements are similar, although the wings of T. boulboul appear to average slightly less. However, even in the small numbers available from 7. boulboul the characters show some overlap with those of specimens from the type and other hosts and as our present knowledge of thoracica sens. lat. is based on a small number of populations represented by few individuals, the single male and eight females from T. boulboul are included in thoracica sens. lat. with the other specimens discussed above. Materialexamined. From Turdus v. viscivorus Linn., 7 3,592,5 nymphs. BrirTIsH IsLEs: Somerset, I g, I 2, v.1934 (R. Meinertzhagen, no. 916) ; Yorkshire, 1 3, I 9, 5.lii.1956 ; Scotland, Arran, 2 3, 2 9, 24.viii.1925 (J. Waterston) ; Co. Mayo, 3 J, 1 2, 5 nymphs, 1.1947 (R. Meinertzhagen, no. 16407). REVISION OF MYRSIDEA ~ Lad Rel ie . % s ' ts ! Hoe ni 4 fis 7) = fe : me ‘ ‘o— ( ‘ J ~ ates a :. Ae -_ - = a Ny ¢ en \ Aaa ? yf ee ee Les 41.9.8..0.86 c a gee Oe ot h= ; i ne A F ‘i |----7 J « Z Pa aN | oe Co? poor rere Uisiclscrioa Sous 7} ‘aad paphcee \ 4 in ’ / / . i ~ A, Lae td 2.2. (2) 2. 8 J | 2. a FiG,-27. Myrsidea thoracica. 3, dorsal and ventral. 345 346 Ti CEAY From Turdus m. merula Linn., 24 3, 33 2, BRITISH ISLES: various localities, B.M. (N.H.). From Turdus c. chrysolaus Temminck, Formosa: Chao Chou, 5 9, 6.iv.1960 (R. E. Kunitz), E.C. From Turdus obscurus Gmelin, 6 3, 7 9. Maraya: Mt. Brinchang, 5 J, 3 9, 16.iii.1963. ForMosA: Lin-tou, I 3, 5 9, 22.iv.1961 (R. E. Kunitz), E.C. From Turdus ruficollis atrogularis Jarocki, INDIA: Rajputana, 2 Q, i.1936 (R. Meinhertzhagen, no. 4763), B.M. (N.H.). From Turdus boulboul (Latham), NEPAL, I 3, 8 9, x.1935 (R. Meinertzhagen, no. 4540), B.M. (N.H.). Measurements Specimens from Type Host ? 3 (e sas a aes ates os Length Breadth Length Breadth Range Mean Range Mean (5) (8) I 0:39 ae eve 0:36 Head 0:36 0+33 { 2 0°56 0°53-0°56 0°55 O49 0°47-0°590 9°49 Prothorax 0-34 oe - 0-29 ma ua Metanotum 0-48 fe ie shy 0°38 Abdomen I-III 0:64 oe me 0°79 0-53 Total 1-96 x a7, ge +54 Lengths of spines in aster g: 1st (outer) 0°024—0-032 (11) ; 2nd 0:040-0-054 (11) ; 3rd 0:044- 0-060 (10); 4th (inner) 0-058—0-080 (10), mean 0-065. Specimens from Turdus merula ? 3 ae, oe tl ae oot iat Y Range Mean Range Mean Number of spines in aster i 3-5 (52) 4 3-4 (16) 3°8 Length ofinner spine. - 0:048—0-080 (39) 0°059 0:048—0-060 (18) 0-056 Myrsidea emersoni sp. n. (Text-figs. 28, 65) Type host : Turdus migratorius Linn. This species is similar to thoracica from which it is distinguished in the female by the form of the abdominal terga and in the male by the genital sclerite which is swollen distally. Qand g. As in the description and figures of thovacica with the differences shown in Text-figs. 28 and 65 and as follows: head seta 10 is longer: 9, 0‘ogo—0-094 mm. compared with 0-064-0:072 in thoracica, ratio of 10/11: 0-82—0-94 in emersoni compared with 0:57-0:67 in thoracica. The ranges of the number of setae in the brush of the third femur overlap but the new species has a REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 347 higher average (9, range 21-28, mean (8) : : 251; 3, range 18-25, mean (9): 21°7). The ranges of the numbers of the tergal and sternal setae overlap but more material may show differences in the means ; the post-spiracular setae as in thoracica, but in the female VII is long as in the popula- tion from Turdus merula. As in thoracica there may be a few anterior median sternal setae : 69. ITT, 1-336 5, 10-35 -VE-2F VIL, 3. In the female the two posterior setae on tergum IX are short and fine (as in Text-fig. 28) and in the male the central tergocentral setae of VIII are longer than in thoracica ; in the latter these setae reach to or just beyond the end of the abdomen and in M. emersoni the part beyond the end of the abdomen is at least as long as the part from the setal base to the end of the abdomen. Measurements of the two species are similar except that the head breadth of the five males of emersoni averages somewhat larger (range, 0:50-0:52 mm., mean: 0°51). Materialexamined. 5 9,59 from Turdus migratorius, U.S.A. as follows : ALASKA : Juneau, 3 4d, 2 9, 6.vili.1950, (R. B. Williams, 50-10847). MARYLAND, Beltsville, ? - 1 ? 31 aoe | \ $. | \ Pht : Fic. 28. Myrsideaemersoni. 9 dorsal. Holotype. 348 T. CLAY I 3g, 3 9, 28.vii.1947 (F. R. Smith, 53-7683) ; Silver Spring, 1 g, 18.v.1942 (F. C. Bishop, 31649, 42-5786). Holotype ° and allotype ¢ in U.S. National Museum (slide 46, B) from Turdus migratorius, MARYLAND, Beltsville, 28.vii.1947 (F. R. Smith, 53-7683). Paratypes 4 ¢, 4 2 with the data as given under material examined. This species is named in honour of Dr. K. C. Emerson to whom I am indebted for the loan of much material. Myrsidea keniensis sp. n. (Text-fig. 29) Type host : Turdus abyssinicus abyssinicus Gmelin. This species is distinguished in the female by the form of the anterior tergites (Text-fig. 29). No constant characters have been found for separating the three available males from those of thoracica. ts 7 a 2°.2.9..9 Gi Ql. G.s1,9, | if 2. $. L272 I i | 2 Rapes 1p 7 Y oe | a + 29 Fic. 29. Myrsidea keniensis. 9, dorsal. Holotype. REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 349 Qand g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe: 10-11, mean of Io sides: 10-2. Central setae of metanotum: 29,4 + 5,6+ ?4; 3g, 2-4 eachside. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia : 5 +5. Setae of femoral brush: 2 9, 21 + 17, 22 + 23; 6, range in six legs: 15-21, mean 17°3. Female sternites V—VI slightly arched. Male genital sclerite appears indistinguishable from that of thoracica. Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Tergocentral setae: see Tables I-II. In the female, sternite II has 5 anterior setae, 12-13 marginal setae and 4 + 4 in the aster. In the male, II has 5—7 anterior setae, II marginal setae and 4 + 4 spines; range of longest spine (4) in each aster : 0-082—0-096 mm. Sternal setae of III-IX as follows: 9, III, 5 (2) + 12 + 5 (1); IV. 12 (6) + 9 + 10 (3); V, 16 (8) + 9+-:22 (5); Vi-t0.(5)'+:8:-$ 10 (4) VI, 3+ 243.43) VITI-IX,5 455; vulval setae, 14-15: dg, III, 4 (1) + 12 + 5 (1); IV, 12 (6) +9 + 14 (7); V, 14 (8) +9+ 14 (8); VI, 12 (6) + 8+ 11 (5); VII,4+ 8+ (1); VIII,3 +3; IX,7+5. Material examined. 3 J, 2 2 from Turdus a. abyssinicus (= Turdus olivaceus abyssinicus), KENYA, 1.1936 (R. Meinhertzhagen, no. 6149), B.M. (N.H.). Holotype (slide no. 6149a), allotype ¢ (slide no. 6149b). Paratypes: 1 9, 2 3 from the type host with the above data. Measurements 2 3 rs io sy GS ee Length Breadth Length Breadth I 0+ 37-0: 38 0°34 Head 0+ 34-0 °35 0+ 33-0°34 2 0+53-0°55 0+47-0°48 Prothorax ea 0+31I-0:32 we 029-0: 30 Metanotum bys 0*43-0°44 ie 0-+35-0°37 Abdomen 0:79-0°87 0:59-0°61 0°72-0°74 0-49 Total I-5I-1'63 ate 1 -38-1-42 ; Myrsidea incerta (Kellogg, 1896) (Pl. II, fig. 5 ; Text-figs. 9, 30, 48, 66) Type host : Catharus ustulatus (Nuttall). Menopon incertum Kellogg, 1896 : 533, pl. 73, f. 2. Host: Spinus tristis and Turdus ustulatus from Palo Alto, California. Myrsidea scabiet Ansari, 1956 : 167, fig. 4. Host: Hylocichla ustulata. syn. n. The description of this species was based on specimens taken from the two hosts given above. In the collection of the Division of Entomology, University of Cali- fornia, there are two slides labelled types of Menopon incertum from Spinus tristis and Turdus ustulatus respectively. The slide labelled Turdus ustulatus is marked ““fig’d’’, meaning that one of the specimens was figured in the original description ; further there are no males among the specimens from Sfinus, but two males in those from Turdus. For these reasons a female on the Twurdus slide is selected as lectotype thus fixing the type host of Myrsidea incerta as Catharus ustulatus. The specimens are in poor condition, having lost many of the setae and two are headless, the figure of the female (Text-fig. 30) has, therefore, been made from a 35° T.. CLAY specimen from the type host from British Colombia. The description (including variation) is based on the type series of incerta and scabier and on other specimens from the type host. This species is distinguished in the female from all others con- sidered here by the slight modification of the abdominal terga, the posterior margins of I and II being only slightly convex (Text-fig. 30). The male is distinguished by the genital sclerite (Text-fig. 66) and the tergal chaetotaxy (Text-fig. 48). Q and g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe : 9-11, mean (17) 10-2. Central setae of metano- tum: 9,3+3,4+4,0r4+5; 6,3 +30r3+ 4. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia: 27 9, 10 g, 4. Setae of femoral brush: 9, 13-17, mean (26 legs) 15:2; ¢, 12-16, mean (8) 13-4. Abdomen with sclerites well pigmented ; female abdominal sternites III—-VI slightly arched. Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Post-spiracular setae VII varies somewhat in length and may be the same as III or somewhat longer, but is always markedly shorter and finer than VIII. Range of tergocentral setae : 9, see Table I; g, owing to the poor condition of specimens it is not possible to give an accurate count of the variation, but it appears to be as follows: I, 2-4, each side of abdomen ; II, 2-5; III-IV, 3-5; V-VI, 2-4; mean of total for each tergite: I (4) 6:5; II (4) 7°53; III (4) 7:8; IV (3) 8:5; V (5) 6-8; VI (4) 5-75. VII-VIII in all available males have 4 q ° ? x >A a 7, ) s ye % v2 s ¢ x 4 x ¢ 5. Pd 8 , ‘\ « s 2 \ HE 1 ‘s ‘ s 1 f XN yf H : ‘ N 5 I ne rg \, \ q \ \ it . % 8.91.9. ' * 5s Quuke m 2. \ ans AE OH UE 2 \ \ 2 a Fi Sy. === orm esas j--------- 30 Fic. 30. Myrsidea incerta. 9, dorsal. REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 351 2 + 2 with lengths as shown in Text-fig. 48. In most specimens the first tergocentral setae each side is short and rather spine-like. Sternalsetae: 9, II, 4-6 anterior ; 11-14 marginal; setae in aster normally 4 + 4 but range in 19 specimens: 3-5. III-IX see Tables III-IV. 4, II, 4-5 anterior ; 10-12 marginal; aster: 3 + 4 (4), 3 + 3 (2). III, o~3 lateral anterior setae each side ; 8-10 marginal setae. IV, 2-4 lateral anterior; 11-14 marginal. V, 3-6; 12-14. VI, 2-4; 10-14. VII,o-1; 6-11. VIII, 4-6. IX, 4-6. Material examined. 6 3, 17 2 from Catharus ustulatus, U.S.A.: California, Palo Alto, 3 3, 7 2 syntypes of incerta (V. L. Kellogg), Division of Entomology, University of California (2 3, 6 9) and U.S. National Museum (1 9, 1 9). U.S.A.: various localities, r g, 5 9, U.S. National Museum and E.C. CANADA: British Columbia, Mandarte Is., 1 2 (G. J. Spencer). Mexico: Tres Zapotes, 2 g, 4 9, types of M. scabtet (M. A. Carriker, no. 15), C.C. These last specimens are on two slides, one with 1 g, 2 2 has pencil tick denoting male holotype and female allotype. As the latter cannot be identified the two females on this slide must be considered as paratypes. From Turdus minimus bicknelli (Ridgway), U.S.A.: Elmhurst, New York, I 9, 21.v.1934 (M. V. Beals). LECTOTYPE of M. incerta (Kellogg) by present designation: @ on slide marked “ fig ’d”’ in the University of California with data as given above. Measurements ? ) Lectotype Paralectotype a a owar (3 — cameiN Length Breadth Length Breadth I 0:34 0:32 Head 0+30 { 0+30 { 2 0°45 0+ 42 Prothorax on 0-28 os 0-28 Metanotum = 0+37 we 0+ 32 Abdomen 0°77 0-50 0:66 0°44 Total 1°42 = 1°27 bis Range head length 0:29-0:32, mean (10) : 0-30 0-27-0:30, mean: 0:29 Range head breadth 1: 0:32-0:35, mean (II): 0°33 0+29-0:32, Mean: 0°31 Range head breadth 2: 0:+43-0-46, mean (II) : 0°45 0-39-0°42, mean: O-4I Myrsidea pricei sp. n. (Text-figs. 31, 49) Type host : Catharus guttatus (Pallas). This species resembles M. incerta, from which it is distinguished in the female by the shape of the first two abdominal terga (Text-fig. 31) and in the male by the lengths of the outer tergocentral setae of VII-VIII (Text-fig. 49). Both male and female average somewhat larger and the number of setae in certain groups average more. @ and g. As described for incerta with the following differences: In the small number of specimens available, both sexes average larger; range of head length of female: 0-320-0-340, 352 T. CLAY mean (6) 0:325; head breadth 1: 0:350-0-370, mean 0-360 ; head breadth 2: 0:460—0-490, mean 0-470. In the male head length: o-290—0-310, mean (4) 0-300; head breadth 1: 0-320—0-330, mean 0°325; head breadth 2: 0-410-0-440, mean 0-422. Central setae of metanotum Q, 8-10 mean (6) 9:3; 3, 4-9, mean (4) 7. Number of setae in third femoral brush: 9, 15-20, mean (18) 16:2; g, 14-17, mean (8) 15:25. Male genital sclerite similar to that of incerta, possibly more swollen posteriorly, but it is difficult to be certain on the available material. Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Tergocentral setae: see Tables I and II. The outer tergocentral setae each side of VII and VIII in the male are about half the length of those in incerta and the setae of pleurite VIII are longer (see Tables VII and VIII). Sternal setae as in incerta. Material examined. 6 g, 14 2, 2 nymphs in the U.S. National Museum from Catharus guttatus, U.S.A. as follows: NEw York: Elmhurst, 1 J, 3 9, 18.x.1930 ; EY) 3 ok: 1030529, 27. R0. 1090: TS 5 9) 36. X, 29403-1227 aoe ee 21.x.1937 (M. V. Beals). MINNESOTA: Cass Lake, r nymph, 13.v.1930 (0. L. Austin). N. CAROLINA: Graingers, 2 J, 3 9, 1 nymph, 1.iv.1933 (Peters & Lunz). GEORGIA: Valdosta, 3 9, 22.xi.1935 (B. V. Travis). Holotype 2 and allotype g in U.S. National Museum, Washington (slide no. 26819, 37-2682) from Catharus guttatus from U.S.A.: New York, Elmhurst, 19.x.1936 (M. V. Beals). mh MW WI) 1d, AS 31 : Fic. 31. Myrsidea pricei. 92, dorsal. Holotype. es REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 353 Paratypes : 5 g, 13 2 with data as given above under material examined. This species is named in honour of Professor Roger D. Price, who together with his collaborators, is producing important revisions of Mallophagan genera. Myrsidea destructor Ansari, 1956 (Text-figs. 32, 50, 67) Type host : Catharus m. mexicanus (Bonaparte). Myrsidea destructor Ansari, 1956: 166, fig. 2. Host: Catherus m. mexicanus [sic]. This is one of the smaller forms and is distinguished in the female by the characters of the anterior abdominal tergites (Text-fig. 32). The differences between the male and that of devastator, which in the characters of the tergal chaetotaxy and genitalia it resembles most nearly, are given under that species. % iP Allotype. 32 Fic. 32. Myrsidea destructor. 9, dorsal. 354 T. CLAY Qand g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe: 9-10. Central marginal setae of metanotum 6 + 6 (2), 4 + 4 and 4+ 5 (3). Outer dorsal setae of first tibia in all specimens 4. Setae of third femoral brush: 14 + 14 (2), 13 + 13 (2). Female abdominal sternites V—VI strongly arched. Male genital sclerite in both males is distorted but appears to be slightly swollen distally (Text- fig. 67). Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Post-spiracular setae VII in female shorter and finer than VIII but longer than VI, in male VII is longer and stouter than in female, but not as long and stout as VIII. Tergocentral setae of single female as in Text-fig. 32 ; in two males: I, 12; 11. II, 11; ¥0,.) THT, 30.5, 0: 2V,. 20 232.0 N,Q: Se VE, POs 36, VI, 4d. Wh, ae a Text-fig. 50 for lengths of posterior setae. Sternal setae in single female: II, 3 + 3 anterior, 16 marginal and 4 + 4inaster; III, 5 (1) + 12 + 5 (1) = 2omarginal ; IV,8 (2) + 9 + 9(4) = 2omarginal ; V, 29 (?3) +9 + 9 (3) = 221; VI, 8 (3) + 8+ 8 (4) =17; VII, 2 (0) + 22 +2 + 23 (1) = ?8 marginal; the specimen is not in sufficiently good condition to see the posterior setae. Sternal setae of male paratype : IT, 5 anterior, 13 marginal and 4 + 4inaster; III, 5 (0) + 11 + 6 (2) = 20 marginal; IV, 10 (4) + 10 + 8 (4) = 20; V, 10 (4) + 8+ 9 (4) = 19; VI, 8 (3) +9+ 8 (3) =19; VII, 3 (0) + 22 + 4+ 3 (1) = 28; VIII, 6; IX to end, 8. Material examined. Holotype male and allotype female from Catharus m. mexicanus. MExIco: Vol. San Martin, 16.iv.1940 (M. A. Carriker no. 754), M.C. I § paratype on slide with same data (and “ paratype ”’ written in ink). Measurements . 3 es = es (Sie ~ — Length Breadth Length Breadth I 0°33 0°30 Head 0:30 0:27 2 0+42 0°39 Prothorax vs 0°25 is 0°24 Metanotum ae 0:33 sits 0-31 Abdomen 0°72 0-50 0-50 0-42 Total I +35 vf 1-08 Myrsidea devastator Ansari, 1956 (Text-figs. 10, 33, 52, 68) Type host: Turdus s. serranus Tschudi. Myrsidea devastator Ansari, 1956 : 167, fig. 3. Host: Turdus s. serranus. This species is distinguished in the female by the form of the anterior terga and the large number of setae on terga I-IT (Text-fig. 33). The male resembles M. destructor in the sparse setae of terga VII-VIII, but is larger. Qand g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe: 10-11. The long lateral seta of the metanotum is missing on both sides in one female and on one side in one male; central setae: 9, 18-21; 3g, 10-13. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia 4. Setae of femoral brush: 9, 22-26, mean (14) 24°3; g,19(3). Inthe holotype male the second and third legs are deformed and have abnormal chaetotaxy. Female abdominal sternites V-VI strongly arched. Male genital sclerite swollen distally (Text-fig. 68). 355 REVISION OF MYRSIDEA Abdominal Chaetotaxy. In the female, post-spiracular seta VII is shorter and finer than VIII, in the male it is similar to VIII. Tergite I-II in female with numerous long setae each side, some of which are anterior to the marginal row ; on I some of the more lateral ones are stout and Tergocentral setae: 9, Table I; on VII-VIII the outer seta of the two is longer than the inner and in some specimens the two central setae on the posterior margin of 2 6, 1, 14-18; Sternal somewhat spine-like. IX are shorter than shown in Text-fig. 33 and vary in length on the two sides. II, 15-16; III, 12-14; IV, 13; V, 11-13; VI, 9; posterior segments Text-fig. 52. setae: 9, II, 12-15 anterior, 21-22 marginal, setae in aster usually 4 + 4, range 2-4; gd, 5-8 anterior, 15-17 marginal, 3-4 in aster. In both sexes the innermost seta in aster is long (see measurements). Female: III, 6 (0) + 7+ 8(1); IV, 18 (10) + 5 + 19 (12); V,17 (10) +9 + 17 (9) VI,.23 (7) 48 4:13 (7) > Vil. () +3 43 4 0)> VI-IX, 9-3). vulva, 15. d; Ill, 5 (0) +9 +50); IV, 14 (7) + 6+ 12 (6); V, 14 (7) +7 +16(9); VI, 12 (5) + 6 + 13 On sternites II-V there is a definite Pleural setae (6). VE 7 2) 5 (2)> Vil 2 ba PAS ey gap between the central and lateral marginal setae, also sometimes on VI-VII. VIII usually 3 + 3 but two of the ten females have 4 + 3. q q R P Fic. 33. Myrsidea devastator. 9, dorsal. Allotype. 356 TyscCLAY Material examined. 2 g, 11 9 (C.C.) from the type host, Turdus s. serranus, from the type locality, PERU: Palambla, as follows: ¢g holotype, 2 2 paratypes (allo- type 2 not marked) on type slide, 23.vi.1933 (M. A. Carriker, no. 6719); 2 9 paratypes, 23.vi.1933 (M. A. Carriker, no. 6718) ; 1 3,6 onslides with data as that of holotype but not seen by Ansari. Utcubamba, I 9, 24.iv.1932 (M. A. Carriker, no. 4807), C.C. Measurements 2 (i ae — AN Length Breadth > oe Ta} | cms? eae Paratype Range Paratype Range I (6) 0°38 = 0+37-0°39 Head 0+34 0*32-0°35 2 0°54 O° 51-0°54 Prothorax 5 ra 0+32 0+ 30-0: 33 Metanotum Sa aS O-51 0°*47-0°53 Abdomen 0:92 0-*85-0°95 0°57 0-56—0-60 Total 1:92 I-60-1°73 Pe ay Aster (7), Sternite II. Outer 0:°034-0:042. Mean 0-038 Inner 0:092-0'116. Mean o-1ror. 3 Ns — Length Breadth oe SS AL (ae ee a 4) Holotype Topotype Holotype Topotype I 0°34 O°35 Head 0°31 +32 2 0-46 0-48 Prothorax sits ye 0-28 0:28 Metanotum os oF 0:36 0:38 Abdomen 0°73 0°73 0°47 0*50 Total I-42 +42 ‘a s Myrsidea indigenella Ansari, 1956 (Text-figs. II, 34, 54, 69) Type host : Turdus maranonicus Taczanowski. Myrsidea indigenella Ansari, 1956: 165, fig. 1. Host: Turdus maranonicus. This species is distinguished in the female by the characters of the anterior ab- dominal terga (Text-fig. 34) and in the male from’the two previous species by the greater number of tergocentral setae on VII and if constant, by 5 not 4 outer dorsal tibial setae. REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 357 Qand g. The single female has abnormal setae on one side of the prothorax (3 + 1), meta- notum and metasternal plate (2 + 3). It has not been possible to find the measurements of the head of the male holotype as given in Ansari (1956 : 165) and hence the cephalic index as given in the first couplet of the key to the species (: 164) ; specimens of other species show similar proportions and are not separable on this character. Setae of latero-ventral fringe 11 + 11. Female metanotum lacks the long seta on one side ; central setae: 2 +4; male4+ 5. Outer dorsal setae of first tibiae in single female probably 5 + 6 and in the male 5 on at least one side. Setae of femoral brush: 22 + 23 (2); 19 + 20 (g). Female abdominal sternites IV—VI arched. The genital sclerite (Text-fig. 69) in the single male is distorted but the terminal portion is long and apparently not swollen distally. re AS 34 Fic. 34. Myrsidea indigenella. 9, dorsal. Allotype. 358 TCLAY Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Tergal setae in single female as in Text-fig. 34. In male tergo- central setae: I, 12; II, 10; III, 14; IV, 13; V, 13; VI, 12; VII, 9; VIII, 4. Terminal segments as in Text-fig. 54. Sternal setae in female: II, ?4 anterior, 16 marginal and 4 + 3 in the aster; III, 8 (3) + 9 + 5 (1) = 18 marginal; IV, 14 (7) +9+?; V, 15 (8) +9 + 15 (8) = 23; VI, 10 (4) + 9 + 8 (3) = 20; VII, 4 (1) + 2 + 3 (1) = 7; VIII-IX, ? + 5; vulva, 6+ 7. Inthe male: II, 8 anterior, 16 marginal, 4 + 4 spines; III, 6 (1) + 12 + 5 (1) =21 marginal; IV, 11 (5) +9+ 12 (6) = 21; V, 11 (6) + 10+ 13 (7) = 21; VI, 10 (5) + 7+ tr (5) = 18; VII, 5 (1) +7+2 (0); VIII5 +5; IX,8. There is no trace in the single male of the long seta usually found each side of the ventral posterior margin. Material examined. Holotype 3, allotype 2 from Turdus maranonicus from PERU : Tamborapa, 12.vii.1933 (M. A. Carriker, no. 6950), C.C. This slide is labelled “ Holotype, Allotype’”’ but without specific name. Measurements 2 3 = ae = SAIS SETS, Length Breadth Length Breadth I 0:38 0+34 Head 0°35 0:33 2 0:53 0-46 Prothorax 7 0-30 an 0-29 Metanotum ae 0°45 ae 0:38 Abdomen 0-90 0°57 0°75 0050 Total 1-66 sis 1°44 Myrsidea abidae Ansari, 1956 Pl. II, fig. 4; Text-figs. 2, 24, 35, 51, 70) Type host: Turdus fumigatus aquilonalis (Cherrie). Myrsidea abidae Ansari, 1956: 171, fig. 7. Host: Turdus fumigatus aquilonalis. This species is distinguished in the female by the form of the abdominal terga (Text-fig. 35) and in the male by a combination of the characters of the tergocentral chaetotaxy and genital sclerite. Qand g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe: 92, 11-12; 3, 10-11. Central marginal setae of metanotum: Q, 12-13; 4, 8-10. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia 5-6. Setae of femoral brush: 9, 23-24; 6, 17-18. Female abdominal sternites VI-VII arched. Male genital sclerite (Text-fig. 70) with long terminal portion not swollen distally. Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Tergocentral setae of female allotype and paratype: I, 11; 9. TT a te Ay 9s Oe EV ek 36s IV IOS 22 VEO ao. VAN SAS EE, eee 4. Of male lectotype and paratype: I, 14; 10. II, 15; 12. III, 17; 15. IV, 18; 3§ V, 18; 15. WI, 18; 14. VII, 14; 11. VIII, 7; 4. Including 5 specimens from British Guiana, the range of tergocentral setae in the male on VII is 9-14, mean (7) 11-6 and on VIII is 4-7, mean (6) 4:8. Posterior segments as in Text-fig. 51. Size of central gap in line of tergo- central setae varies between the two specimens and on different segments. Sternal setae: 9, II (including British Guiana specimens), 5—10 anterior, 14-20 marginal and 4—5 in aster; III-IX ENTOM. 17, 8 REVISION OF MYRSIDEA VI. 359 in TablesIIIandIV. 4, II, 8 anterior, 17 marginal and 4 + 4 in aster; III-IX in Tables V and The division between the marginal setae of the brush and the central setae is not always well marked. Material examined. 2 3, 2 9, 3 nymphs on type slide (ticked by Ansari) from Turdus fumigatus aquilonalis, VENEZUELA: La Punta, 7.iv.1g10 (M. A. Carrtker, no 6946), C.C. From Turdus f. fumigatus Lichtenstein, from BRITISH GUIANA, Kanuku Mts., Rupununi, 6 J, 5 9, 21 and 24.ii. 1961 (T. Clay, nos. 152, 169), B.M (N.H.). 4 ‘ 1 1 ‘ ‘ ' ‘ ‘ ‘ > Fic. 35. Myrsidea abidae. 9, dorsal. Allotype. 16 360 T, CLAY LECTOTYPE by present designation: ¢ selected from two on typeslide. Allotype: 2 as designated by Ansari: 172: “‘ female, central row ”’ Measurements g 3 aa CF if ate: wom Length Breadth Length Breadth | I ‘: 39 {' 33 Head 0°29 0°31 2 0°54 0-46 Prothorax Se 0:33 a 0:29 Metanotum a 0+ 43 a 0+42 Abdomen 0:95 0:65 o°7I1 0°49 Total 1°74 ie 1°37 Myrsidea regius Ansari, 1956 (Text-figs. 12, 20-22, 36, 53, 71) Type host: Turdus fumigatus obsoletus Lawrence. Myrsidea regius Ansari, 1956: 174, fig. 9. Host: Turdus fumigatus obsoletus. This species is distinguished from abidae in the female by the characters of the anterior abdominal terga (Text-fig. 36) and in the male by the details of the genital sclerite and usually by the length of the two central setae on tergite VIII. Gand g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe: 11-12. Central marginal setae of metanotum : 9, 6-7 each side; mean of total (including Trinidad specimens) (6) 12-7. 4, 5-6 each side (4-6 including Trinidad specimens) ; mean of total (6) 10-7. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia : 5-6. Setae of femoral brush: 9, 20-22, mean (8) 20:9; g, 18-20, mean (6) 19:2. Female abdominal sternites V and VI arched. Male genital sclerite (Text-fig. 71) with long terminal part somewhat tapering distally. Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Tergocentral setae, ? (five specimens including one from Trinidad), I, 11-12, mean 11°6; II, 11-14, mean 12; III, 13-18, mean 16-4; IV, 16-20, mean 18-2; V, 15-21, mean 18:6; VI, 17-20, mean 18-8; VII, 17-18, mean 17-2 in 4 Costa Rica specimens, 14-18, mean 16-5 in 4 Trinidad specimens ; VIII, 10-13, mean (8) 11-1. The inner posterior setae on the last tergum vary in size and number (Text-figs. 20-22). One of the topotype males shows a greater number of tergocentral setae, especially on segments IV—V on which the central gap is eliminated, and on some sternal segments; the chaetotaxy of this specimen is given separately from the holotype, paratype and 4 Trinidad specimens, in case it should prove to be a straggler from another host. Tergocentral setae: 6 J, I, 9-11, mean 10-2 ; II, 11-12, mean II°5 ; III, 12-16, mean 14:0; IV, 12-17, mean 14:5; V, 12-16, mean 15:2; VI, 14-18, mean 15:7; VII, 11-16, mean 13:5; VIII, 6-10, mean 8-7. Topotype male I, 16; II, 15; III, 20: IV, 26; V, 26; VI, 23; VII, 20; VIII, 11. This specimen also differs from the holotype in having the central setae of VIII much shorter and similar to those of abidae, although one of the Trinidad males approaches it in this character ; however, in all the Trinidad specimens these setae reach beyond the end of the abdomen. Except for the holotype all the rest of the specimens from the type locality have these setae broken. Before deciding on the status of this single specimen further material is required to assess the amount of variation of these characters. Sternal setae : 9, II, 10 anterior, 16 marginal and 5 + 5 in the aster (range 4-5) ; III—XI see Tables III and IV. 6, II, 11 anterior, 15 marginal and 4 + 4 spines; III-XI see Tables V and VI. Abnormal REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 361 topotype male: II, 22 anterior, 18 marginal and 4 + 4 spines; III, ro (5) + 17 + 11 (5) = 28 marginal ; IV, 14 (7) + 15 + 15 (8) = 29; V, 15 (6) + 13 + 19 (11) = 30; VI, 14 (7) + 12 + 16 (8); VII, 6 (1) +5+4+5 (1) = 18; VIII, 12; IX, 14. Pleural setae of VIII may be 3+ 3,3 +40r4 + 4 (9) and 3 + 3 or 3 + 4 (3). Material examined. 4 3, 5 2 from the type host individual Turdus fumigatus obsoletus, CostA Rica: Juan Vinas, 12.v.1907 (M. A. Carriker, no. 3321), C.C. as follows : holotype J, allotype 9 ; paratypes 1 g, 19; topotypes 2 3, 3 (not seen by Ansari). From the same host, Costa Rica: Quapiles, 4 9, iii.1903 (M. A. Carriker), C.C. From Turdus fumigatus aquilonalis (Cherrie), TRINIDAD: Cumuto, 7 4, 9 9, 3.v.1960 (T. H. G. Aitken, TRVL, 4321), B.M. (N.H.) and TRVL. 3 9 from a Turdus n. nudigenis, TRINIDAD: Aripo Valley, 14.i.1961 (T. Clay, no. 29) belong to this species. | /! 4 e AS 36 Fic. 36. Myrsidea regius. 9, dorsal. Allotype. 362 ke CLAY Measurements g Lg oe Bs Length Breadth c te > oe ees Range (8) Mean Range (8) Mean I 0-38 Head 0°34 0'33-0°35 33°9 2 Q"g3. OF 5t-O735° "53 Prothorax oe ie ~ 0-33 di 4 Metanotum ae ay i 0+ 44 Abdomen 0-90 oe “3 0°59 Total 1-64 ae 3 oe moe a | Length Breadth ca meas rear a ate = Range (7) Mean Range (7) Mean I 0°34 Head 0°31 0:'30-0'32 0°31 2 0°48 0°45-0°48 0°47 Prothorax aes ee re 0:29 ae Metanotum e e a 0°35 Abdomen 0:65 ie = 0-48 Total 132 is Myrsidea varia Ansari, 1956 (Pl. II, fig. 7 ; Text-figs. 14, 37, 55, 73) Type host: Turdus ignobilis debilis Hellmayr. Myrsidea varia Ansari, 1956: 172, fig. 8. Host: YLurdus ignobilis debilis. This and the next two species (simplex and roht) are placed together as in all three the male genital sclerite has the posterior portion short and enlarged distally. It is distinguished in both sexes by the greater number of outer lateral dorsal setae on the first tibia ; in the female by the form of the anterior terga ; in the male by the details of the genital sclerite, the greater length of the inner tergo-central seta on VIIT and from vohi also by its larger size. Qand g. Setae of latero-ventral head fringe: 9, 11; g, 10-11. Central marginal setae of metanotum: 9°, 5 + 6; 3, 4-5 each side. Outer dorsal setae of first tibia: 9,6 + 6; g,6+ 5. Setae of femoral brush: 9, 22 + 21; 3 g, 16-18. Female abdominal sternites VI-VII arched. Male genital sclerite (Text-fig. 73), with posterior part shortened and greatly enlarged. Abdominal Chaetotaxy. Post-spiracular seta VII is missing in the single female, in the male it is long and similar to VIII. Tergo-central setae: 9, Text-fig. 37; 3 g, I, 10-14, mean 11-7; II, 8-11, mean 9-7; III, 10-12, mean 11-3; IV, 11-14, mean 12:3; V, 11-12, mean 11-7: VI, g-12, mean 11; VII, 7-8, mean 7-3; VIII in all specimens 2 + 2; the central seta each side is usually longer and stouter than the one next to it. Lengths of setae of posterior segments as in ett Genk REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 363 Text-fig. 55. Sternal setae: 9, II, 8 anterior, 16 marginal and 4 + 4 in aster; III, 6 (1) + 12 +5 (1) = 21 marginal, IV, 14 (7) + 10+ 15 (8) = 24; V, 13 (6) + 7+ 15 (8) = 21; VI, 9 (4) + 70r8 + 9 (4) = 170r18; VII, 4 (1) +2+2+3 =10; VIII-IX, 5 + ?; vulva, 13. 6, II, 6-8 anterior, 12-16 marginal and 3-4 setae in aster ; III-IX see Tables V and VI. Material examined. Holotype male, allotype female and two male paratypes from Turdus ignobilis debilis, PERU : Huacamayo, 26. vii.1931 (M. A. Carriker, no. 4200), C.C. 37 Fic. 37. Myrsideavaria. 9, dorsal. Allotype. 364 CLAY Measurements g 3 € on mye ' (ee a OS | Length Breadth Length Breadth I O"37 0°34 Head 0+34 0-32 ‘: te “51 {' *46 Prothorax ce 0*30 a 0:28 Metanotum she 0°44 M. thoracica (Giebel, 1874 : : : er Turdus ruficollis *Turdus viscivorus } *Turdus iliacus M.tliaci Eichler, 1951. : ; : es *Turdus serranus M. devastatoy Ansari, 1956 : 2 : #5 Turdus maranonicus M. indigenella Ansari, 1956. . F ~ £350 *Turdus rufiventris M. elegans Ansari, 1956 . ; : ; > 370 *Turdus ignobilis M. varia Ansari, 1956. 2 : : 2 £362 *Turdus fumigatus aquilonalis M. abidae Ansari, 1956 . P , d . 358 *Turdus fumigatus obsoletus M. vegius Ansari, 1956. : : ; . 360 *Turdus grayi casius M. carrikeri (Eichler, 1943) : ; ‘ azo *Turdus g. gray M. antiqua Ansari, 1956 . : , ‘ See Vi *Turdus nudigenis M.aitkenisp.n. . ; : : ‘ « 37a *Turdus migratorius M. emersoni sp. n. . é ‘ : ; « ~340 NOTES I. TYPES OF SPECIES DESCRIBED BY ANSARI, 1956. The collection of types was sent to me by the U.S. National Museum in the con- dition it was received from Dr. Ansari. On receipt each slide was marked on the back with the label “‘ U.S. Mus. Wash.”’; all these slides and any new slides with remounts from the original material have been marked on the back ‘‘ Specimens seen by Ansari’’. This was necessary as further material from the same host individuals is present in the Carriker collection. 386 T: CLAY The slides had no specific names on them and apart from two, no holotype, allo- type or paratype designations, although these were designated in the original descrip- tions. Certain slides had a pencil tick and it has been presumed that this indicates the slide with the holotype and allotype specimens. The specimens could only be identified by comparing the host names and localities on the slide labels with those given in the original descriptions. The male on the slide with the pencil tick, from the type host of the species, has been labelled as holotype (all the holotypes designated were males) and the female as allotype. In those cases where there is more than one male on the slide with the pencil tick, one of these has been designated as lect«- type ; where there are two females these are both considered to be paratypes and the allotype designation ignored. Although in the original description measurements of the holotypes are given, it was not found possible to relate these measurements to any particular specimen and therefore holotypes could not be recognized in that way. Female allotypes were designated but no mention made of the distinctive characters of the abdominal terga. 63 Resear: 62 Fics. 60-63. Terminal segments of male abdomen of Myrsidea species, dorsal. 60. antiqua. 61. elegans. 62. ishizawat. 63. sultanpurensis. REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 387 In some specimens it was impossible to see the characters necessary for identifica- tion and these have been remounted. When additional slides have been used for this, they are labelled with photocopies of the original labels and a note has been made on the slide saying that the specimens have been remounted from the original type slide and the number of that slide given. All these species were published as new twice (1956 : 163-177 and 1956: 61-62) ; in the second publication only a key to the species and the type hosts are given. As it has not been possible to find out the exact date of publication of either of these journals, only the first reference has been used ; this paper includes details of the type hosts, making it possible to identify the specimens, which it is not possible to do from the descriptions. 2. Myrsidea fuscomarginata (Osborn, 1896) Type host : Unknown. Menopon fuscomarginatum Osborn, 1896. Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 245. Host: Turdus minor [Error]. Through the kindness of Dr. P. J. Darlington of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, it has been possible to examine the type specimens of this species. These are similar to authenticated material from species of Icteridae and are presumably stragglers from one of these birds. The species will be dealt with more fully in a subsequent part. 67 6G. Ne / Fics. 64-69. Male genital sclerites of Myrsidea species. 64. thoracica. 65. emersoni. 66. incerta. 67. destructor, distorted. 68. devastator. 69. indigenella, distorted. 388 T. CLAY 3. GENERA DESCRIBED BY ZLOTORZYCKA, 1964 It is difficult to understand some of these genera, as the characters used for separa- tion may be incorrect or found in other species or variable within the group. For instance, a female paratype of Eichlerinopon celeripes = M. cormicis has a group of spine-like setae at each postero-lateral corner of sternite II although these are said to be absent (: 179), these are also present in M. anthorax. M. anaspila also placed in this ‘‘ genus” has a long group of setae each end of sternite II. The two latter species do not have the modifications of the anterior tergites as described. The males of these three species all have a group of spine-like or elongated setae each side of sternite II not as given in the description. Further, as the males and females of E. celeripes, the type-species, belong to different species (see below) it is difficult to know what this “‘ genus”’ represents. One of the characters separating Densidea is said to be that the spine-like setae in the aster of sternite IT are all long in the female and in the male some are shorter. However, it can be seen in the measure- ments of these setae (see below) from a small number of males and females of rustica (the type-species of Densidea) that there is overlap in the lengths in the two sexes so that this is not even a specific character Te Fics. 70-75. Male genital sclerites of Myrsidea species. 70. abidae. 71.vegius. 72. ishizawat. C, lateral comb-like structure, distorted. 73. varia. 74. vohi. 75. simplex. REVISION OF MYRSIDEA 389 ? g Ist (outer) spine . 0:028—0:040 (7) 0:020—0-040 (6) 2nd 0:038—0:060 (7) 0*032—0:052 (7) 3rd ; ; 0048-0 :064 (7) 0-048-0-064 (7) Ath; ‘ : ; 0:054—0:068 (6) 0+052-0:070 (7) 5th (not always present) 0:060—0:072 (4) 0-056-0:078 (4) Confusion has also been caused by some of the specimens on which descriptions are based being obvious stragglers. For instance, figs. 5a—c said to represent species from Corvus corax, C. frugilegus and C.corone are almost certainly all Myrsidea cornicis from Corvus corone. The male holotype and the female paratype (photo 9) of Eichlerinopon celeripes belong to different species : the female has the hypopharynx reduced and this together with fig. 5b shows that the specimen is cornicis, this species is the only one from European Corvus in which the hypopharynx is reduced ; photo 9 of the male shows the hypopharynx in its normal unmodified form. The male may belong to one of the already described species from the Corvidae but is not recognizable from the description; this is unfortunate as it is the holotype of the type species of Eichlerinopon. Paratypes of Neomyrsidella usitata Zlotorzycka are typical Myrsidea anathorax (Nitzsch) from the same host. It is unfortunate in the descriptions that no figures are given of the female anterior terga (except for one species) nor of the male genital sclerite. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am greatly indebted to various persons and institutions for the loan of type and other material : to Dr. P. D. Hurd and Mr. Jerry A. Powell for assistance in examining some of the Kellogg types ; to Dr. J. F. Gates Clarke for the loan of material from the United States National Museum ; to Dr. T. H. G. Aitken, Mr. M. A. Carriker, Dr. K. C. Emerson, Professor G. J. Spencer and Dr. J. Zlotorzycka for the loan of specimens. The following abbreviations are used for the collections : B.M. (N.H.)— British Museum (Natural History); C.C.—Carriker collection; E.C.—Emerson collection. I am indebted to Arthur Smith (A.S.) for his figures. a 76 Ly y Fics. 76-78. Male genital sclerites of Myrsidea species. 76. carrikeri. 77. antiqua. 78. elegans. 390 TYCEAY REFERENCES (Those papers listed in Kéler, 1960 are not in general included here). AnsarI, A. R.M. 1956. A Contribution to our knowledge of Myrsidea (Mallophaga) occurring on Turdidea (sens. lat.). Pakist. J. Hlth 5: 163-177. 1956. Some new Myrsidea (Amblycera: Mallophaga) occurring on Turdidae, sens. lat. Proc. VIIIth Pakist. Sci. Conf. 3, Biol. : 61-62. Bucxup, L. 1959. Der Kopf von Myrsidea cornicis (de Geer). Zool. Jb. Anat. 77, 241-288. CARRIKER, M. A. 1963. Neotropical Mallophaga (Insecta) Miscellany, no. 13. Revta. Bras. biol. 23 : 293-316. : Cray, T. 1961. A new genus and species of Menoponidae (Mallophaga) from Apteryx. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (13) 3 (1960) : 571-576. 1962. A key to the species of Actornithophilus Ferris with notes and description of new species. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. Entom. 11: 189-244. 1962. Anew species of Anatoecus Cummings (Mallophaga) from Phoenicopterus ruber Linn. Ent. Ber., Amst. 22 : 220-226. —— 1964. Geographical distribution of the Mallophaga (Insecta). Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 84: 14-16. CLay, T. & Hopkins, G. H. E. 1960. The early literature on Mallophaga, pt. IV. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist., Entom. 9 : 1-61. Hinton, H. E. 1940. A monographic revision of the Mexican water beetles of the family Elmidae. Novit. Zool. 42 : 217-396. KELER, S. voN. 1960. Bibliographie der Mallophagen. Mitt. zool. Mus. Berl. 36 : 146-403. Kim, K. G., Brown, B. W. & Cook, E. F. 1963. A quantitative taxonomic study of the Enderleinellus suturalis complex (Anoplura: Hoplopleuridae). Syst. Zool. 12 : 134-148. Mayr, E. 1951. Speciation in birds. Proc. Xth. Intern. Ornith. Congr. Upsala : 91-131. Mayr, E. & PayntTER, R. A. 1964. Check-list of Birds of the World, 10: 13-177. Cambridge, Mass. ZLOTORZYCKA, J. 1964. Mallophaga parasitizing Passeriformes and Pici. Acta parasit. pol. 12 : 165-192. TaBLeEs I-VIII Key to species of Myrsidea : A. thoracica. J. vegius B. emersoni. K. varia. C. keniensis. L. rohi D. incerta. M. simplex E. pricet. N. montana. F. destructor. O. carrikeri. G. devastator. P. antiqua. H. indigenella. Q. eh.gans. 1. abidae. R. ishizawai. S. sultanpurensis. R. range; M. mean; number of specimens in brackets. Vai: Wilt... SPE WED EWEDE DE DED SPE REWER ERE REDE oS REVISION OF MYRSIDEA A. (5) g-II I0-O g-II 9°5 10-12 I1-o II-I5 12.4) 13-15 13°6 II-I3 12-0 7-11 9°90 3-4 3°8 TABLE I Tergocentral setae 2 C.(2) D.(9) E. (5) 13-16 g-I2 9-13 we 1027. — “1O=A Q-II 9-I4 I10-I3 Ae II‘6 I2°2 II-I2 9-13 II-I3 es 10°7 12:0 11-13 8-11 I10-I3 ae 9°8 11:6 I2-I5 7-11 8-II “* 9°4 9°90 II-14 4-6 4-6 ne 5°2 2 3 fi 4 4 4 4 4 TABLE II Tergocentral setae J C. (2) E. (4) L. (3) I0o-II 4-8 7-10 - 6-0 8-3 1o-Ir 8-II 7-10 . 9°5 8°5 Io-I2 8-II 9Q-I0 -- 7. S23 II-I3 10-13 9-10 ms I1-o 9°5 12-13, 9-I0 7-9 a 9:6 8:0 II-I2 4-8 7-8 ny 6-0 77 8-9 4 4 a 4°90 4°0 3; 4 4 G. (7) 35-40 3677 24-33 30°7 23-27 24°3 20-27 2297 14-25 21°6 14-24 15°7 4-8 4-6 N. (8) 10-14 I2:0 10-13 IIl-o 10-14 12:0 10-13 I1:6 II-I4 12:0 8-14 II-°o 6°8 7°° 4-7 5°4 O. (5) 16-18 17°0 16-18 16°8 19-24 21:6 21-25 23°2 22-27 25:0 19-25 23:'0 15-20 18-4 IO-12 aCICO(ay O. (6) 12-15 13°6 14-18 16-0 17-22 19°5 IQ—22 21-0 19-24 21+ 18-21 20:0 15-18 17°0 g-12 10-0 P. (3) 12-14 13:0 14-16 14°7 15-19 16°97 14-19 17-0 16-20 18:0 16-22 18-3 13-17 D7 8-11 9°3 P. (4) 12-15 132 15-17 D557, 15-17 16:2 17-20 Wiel 16-19 6:7 15-17 55 13-15 14°0 19 8-0 391 392 TA GTiAy TABLE III Marginal setae of sternites* A. (5) D. (14) I. (2) J. (5)+ L. (2) III. . R. 22-25 17-18 24-25 21-22 16-18 M. 23:6 as i ors aa IV. . R. 24-26 16-22 23-24 22-24 17-18 M. 25:2 sa ae 23:0 ae V. . R. 21-24 I9-21 22-23 23-24 17 M. 23:0 as a 23°4 a) VI. . R. 20-23 17-22 20-22 19-22 18 |. ed ih ua 20:8 * VII. . R. 12-14 8-14 10-11 14-17 15-17 M. 33*2 £3 ae 15°2 is VITT, 0K, “20-12: 8-12 II II-I7 II -IX M. 10:8 Se a 14°6 Pe Vu. RR. II-13 10-13 13-15 17-22 II-14 M. 12:0 ar ae, 19:0 M. (3) 13-15 14°0 18-20 19:0 16-19 17:6 16-17 16:6 8-10 9°90 II-I2 II-3 12-15 LE, | O. (2) 26 26-28 24-28 2 p26 : I 2-17 @ I2-16@ 13°6 P. (3) 21-23 21°6 20-25 22:0 21-22 21-6 20 IO-II 10°3 13-15 13°6 13-15 14°0 * Includes marginal setae of brushes; + includes Trinidad specimens ; @ range and mean of 5 specimens; Vu. marginal setae of vulva. M. (6) TABLE IV Lateral anterior sternal setae* 2 A. \(t0)> D428) EL Ge) tte): Te) PET. cydtki-. 30-2 O-2 2-3 4-7 0-3 MM... 0-7 ae a. 4°9 15 TV: . K.. “69 2-6 I0-II 7-II 2-3 M. 7:8 as oe 8-9 2°5 V. 6 5 Submarginal papillae conical; tracheal pore areas not well defined TRIALEURODES (p. 422) — Submarginal papillae broad and shallow; tracheal pore areas well defined FILICALEYRODES (p. 416) 6 Lingula tip small, D-shaped, with two basal lobes; floor of vasiform orifice with many ridges : ; PEALIUS (p. 418) — Lingula tip large, circular, extending beyond hind margin of orifice (in poor pre- parations, apparently D-shaped and included within orifice) ALEUROTULUS (p. 410) Pupal case with black cuticle : ‘ ‘ 8 Cuticle of pupal case white, colourless, or light brown ; : ; ‘ “ : 9 Dorsal disc recurved ventrally, without dorsal wax. ; TETRALICIA (p. 420) Dorsal disc not recurved ventraliy, keeled in mid-line, dorsum with much wax “ALEUROTRACHELUS” (p. 410) Dorsum with numerous tubes, each about 100 yw long . ‘ SIPHONINUS (p. 419) | Fao a fee Xo) BRITISH ALEYRODIDAE 403 — Dorsum never with tubes, with or without long setae . : Io 10 Dorsal disc recurved ventrally around margin, looking like a sabmarginal fold or suture ‘ ‘ : , ALEUROPTERIDIS (p. 408) — Dorsal disc not recurved ventrally ‘ : ; II 11 Operculum almost covers lingula; small paired setae close to caudal ‘furrow just behind orifice; dorsal disc with numerous small tubercles ‘“‘SDIALEURODES” (p. 414) — Operculum not covering lingula tip; without setae close to furrow behind orifice. 12 12 Vasiform orifice subcordate; lingula tip expanded, spatulate; pupal case pale ALEYRODES (p. 403) — Vasiform orifice widely open at posterior; lingula tip scarcely expanded; pupal case light brown with darker markings . i : . ALEUROCHITON (p. 407) Family ALEYRODIDAE Westwood, 1840 Subfamily ALEYRODINAE All the species recorded from this country belong to one subfamily. The species of the other subfamily, the Aleurodicinae Qu. & B., 1913, are mainly described from South America. ALEYRODES Latreille, 1796 Type-species, Phalaena (Tinea) proletella Linnaeus, 1758. This, the first whitefly genus to be named, was defined by Latreille and placed as the sole genus in a new, but unnamed, family in 1796 (p. 93). No species were included at this date but the publication is valid, as in 1801-2 (p. 264) Latreille redefined the genus and added ‘“‘ Exemples, Tinea froletella Lin. (Et quelques pucerons) ’’. It should be noted that he had first indicated the hemipterous nature of proletella in 1795 (p. 304). Linnaeus first published the name froletella under Phalaena (Tinea) in 1758, Systema Naturae, ed. 10: 537, no. 261, but his description “‘alis albidis punctis duobus fuscis, lingua inflexa ’’ was followed by a ‘“‘ dagger mark”’ +. This mark is interpreted by Stearn (1957 : 162) as indicating either that Linnaeus had not seen the species or that there was some doubt about it. In the Twelfth Edition, the same entry is given, but under number 379. However in the revision by Gmelin (1790 : 2594), the Thirteenth Edition, the entry is followed by the words “an hujus familiae?’’. It seems likely that Linnaeus never observed the species himself, particularly as neither first nor second edition of Fauna Suecica (1746 and 1761) contain any reference to it. The identity of the insect species referred to by Linnaeus under the name proletella is clarified from a study of the rest of the entry which follows his description quoted above, “ Vallisn. nat. I. p. 372. t. 379; Reaum. ins. 2. t. 25; Habitat in Brassica, Chelidonio ; an etiam in Quercu ? Parit quotannis ad 200000 soboles; dum 12 progenies ponant 12 ova singulae.””’ Réaumur (1736: 302-317, plate 25) gives a good account of the life history of the insect on “ L’éclaire’’ (Greater Celandine, Chelidonium major) and also gives reasons for considering this as the same species as that found on cabbage. Seventeen figures are included and the structure of the 404 L. A. MOUND rostrum is contrasted with the coiled mouth-parts of other “ phalénes’”’. The author goes so far as to suggest that this insect might be placed in a new class of moths on account of this character as well as the waxy nature of the powder covering the wings. The reference to Vallisneri (1733 : 372-378), which is also given by Réaumur, is to a long letter from Cestoni giving an account of the behaviour of the cabbage whitefly. The emergence of the winged adult from the sessile larva is described, and this article goes on to state that the insect is not only found on cabbage, but also on oak, various grasses, and other plants both “‘ comestibili e non comestibili’”’. From this it is almost certain that Cestoni was concerned with more than one species. However, as Linnaeus gives only Brassica and Chelidonium as definite hosts for his species, this is an indication that proletella refers to the common European Cabbage Whitefly, as discussed and figured by Réaumur from Chelidonium. Only two valid species of the genus Aleyrodes are recorded from the British Isles, and the pupal cases of these may be separated by the use of the following key : Vasiform orifice smoothly rounded at posterior, lateral margins without tooth-like ridges; abdomen without median tubercles but with transverse rows of minute microtrichia; caudal setae usually extend little beyond body margin; three pairs of major dorsal setae equal in length to caudal setae , A. proletella (p. 404) Vasiform orifice sharply transverse at posterior, with terminal triangular lobe, lateral margins with tooth-like ridges; abdomen usually with median tubercles; caudal setae extend well beyond body margin usually; often more than three pairs of major dorsal setae, up to six pairs, equal in length to caudal setae A. fragariae (p. 406) Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus) (Text-figs. 1-3) Phalaena (Tinea) proletella Linnaeus, 1758. Phalaena culiciformis Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785 : 306. Aleyrodes proletelia (L.) Latreille, 1801-2. Aleyrodes chelidonii Latreille, 1807. Aleyrodes brassicae Walker, 1852. ; The specific epithets culiciformis and chelidonit were both proposed as new names for the whitefly of Chelidonium major. A. brassicae was stated by Walker in his description to be “ possibly a variety of”’ the Chelidonium Whitefly, and Haupt (1935) and Trehan (1940) have both indicated that brassicae is a synonym of proletella. A. proletella is common throughout England and occasionally is a pest on cabbages and Brussels sprouts. It occurs throughout the year and it is not unusual to find adults in January moving freely on leaves bearing snow and frost. The geographical distribution of the species has yet to be discovered but the present author has examined material from Nairobi, Kenya, on Sonchus, from an unknown host at Bahia, Brazil, and from Vicia and Cichorium at Alexandria, U.A.R. Pupal case. Usually on lower surface of leaves, White, occasionally with faint pigmentation laterally on cephalo-thorax, sometimes yellowish particularly when parasitized. Living fourth instar often yellow/green due to body contents, or apparently black when containing parasite pupal case. Rarely with marginal wax. Length 1°3-1'°5 mm. Breadth o°8-o'9 mm. BRITISH ALEYRODIDAE 405 Fics. 1-6. 1. Aleyrodes proletella, dorsal and ventral surfaces. 2. A. proletella, posterior margin. 3. A. proletella, vasiform orifice. 4. Aleyrodes fragariae, dorsal surface. 5. A. fragariae, vasiform orifice. 6. Aleurochiton complanatus, vasiform orifice. ENTOM. 17, 9 19§ 406 L. A. MOUND Margin. Smoothly crenulate, 8-10 crenulations in 50 w. Weak ridges, about 30 yw long, run medially from crenulations. If margin is not quite flat, these ridges appear like stout crenula- tions. Anterior and posterior marginal setae present, 10-15 w long. Caudal setae submarginal in origin, about 15 mw long, arising 10 w within margin. Tracheal pore areas not differentiated. Dorsal surface. Three pairs of major setae, 10-15 yw long, on cephalic region, and first and eighth abdominal segments. Eighth abdominal setae lateral to anterior margin of operculum, about 15 uw from orifice. Fourteen pairs of minor dorsal setae, 3 yw in length or shorter, about 25 # from margin. These setae arranged as follows ; cephalic region four pairs, prothorax one pair, mesothorax two pairs, metathorax one pair, first abdominal segment one pair, abdominal segments four to eight each with one pair. These setae most obvious on posterior abdominal segments, often concealed by rolling of margin or submarginal ridges. Transverse moulting suture short, reaches external margin of legs, barely turns to anterior, pupal case often torn in this region. Thoracico-abdominal suture visible medially just posterior to transverse moulting suture. Abdominal rhachis weakly defined, with transverse rows of finest microtrichia. Abdominal sutures extend to subdorsum, sutures one to seven with paired submedian depres- sions. First and second abdominal sutures bend to anterior. Segments one to six, and eight subequal in length, seven shorter, about three-quarters of six in mid-line. Abdomen with four paired rows of pores; submedian, posterior to submedian depressions ; latero-median, near lateral extremities of segmental sutures; subdorsal; and submarginal, close to minor setae. Latero-median and subdorsal pores absent on segment two. Each pore is accompanied by a circular area which fails to stain as deeply as the surrounding cuticle. These structures (pseudo- pores) lie close to the pores on the rhachis, but in the submarginal row the pseudopores are much closer to the margin than the pores. Pores and pseudopores irregular in number in submarginal row. Vasiform orifice slightly wider than long, length 65 uw, breadth 75 mw approximately. Lateral margins not toothed, internal surface lightly sculptured, posterior margin entire. Operculum transversely rectangular, occupies less than half of orifice, about 30 wlong. Lingula exposed but included within orifice, lingula tip usually as broad as long, sometimes rather longer than broad, paired terminal setae extend beyond orifice margin. Caudal ridges very weakly defined. Ventral surface. Meso- and metathoracic legs each with a minute (2 yu) seta basally. One pair of small setae just anterior to rostrum, 5 w long and about 5 w apart. Ventral abdominal setae antero-medial of posterior spiracles, 15 u long and about 50 w apart. Anterior abdominal spiracles larger than posterior spiracles, tracheal folds not differentiated. Antennae extend to base of first leg. Host plants : Brassica spp., Chelidonium major, Sonchus sp., Vicia faba, Cichorium sp. Aleyrodes fragariae Walker, 1852 (Text-figs. 4-5) Aleyrodes lonicerae Walker, 1852, Syn. n. Aleurodes spivaeae Douglas, 1894, syn. n. Zahradnick (1963), as well as several other authors, gives A. fragariae as a synonym of A. lonicerae. However A. fragariae appears as the third species of Aleyrodes in Walker’s List of Homoptera, and A. lonicerae as the fourth. The descriptive details of A. fragariae are given in the list in the definition of the second species, A. brassicae. Thus fragariae must be regarded as the first available name. Se. s os Families of Host Plant ie ae SS Sa as Va Host Plants Genera > a = lu

Filipendula x ONAGRACEAE Chamaenerion x ARALIACEAE Hedera 3 UMBELLIFERAE Aegopodium ies Carpinus abe er ecete ES we CORYLACEAE Corylus ae 1 < x Ostrya 4 Fagu FAGACEAE augue . Quercus x Arbutus he et ERICACEAE Erica ea ae eS A? tee ne Rhododendron ey See ete Marah, ee, OS OLEACEAE Phillyrea a ee eee, Celis! Skool Satie ee : Melampyrum x SCROPHULARIACEAE : Veronica Sa ae ee re a LABIATAE { Nep a . Teucrium Se CAMPANULACEAE Campanula x Lonicera x CAPRIFOLIACEAE Symphoricarpos Xx Viburnum ato sie ee COMPOSITAE Sonchus x Cichorium x S.immaculata T. evicae BRITISH ALEYRODIDAE 425 REFERENCES (* not seen by author) *ASHMEAD, W.H. 1885. Florida Dispatch. ns. 11. (ex Quaintance & Baker, 1917). BAERENSPRUNG, F. 1849. Beobachtungen tiber einige einheimische Arten aus der Familie der Coccinen. Ztg. Zool. 1: 165-170. Baker, A. C. & Motes, M. L. 1920. A new species of Aleyrodidae found on azalea (Hom.). Proc. ent. Soc. Wash. 22 : 81-83. 1923. The Aleyrodidae of South America with descriptions of four new Chilean species. Revta chil, Hist. nat. 25 : 609-656. Beck, B. D. A. & CHant, S. R. 1958. See Me yd PP ore ae My la een sf" ate Peat hier _ = ‘i oe : Lous Ta isis 18 elie SEAM heel ae 2. tee 8 ieee nent ce Oye ae: NTI, Farrier a « juss a eee a om ™ ae lath goad S re ote : 2 on 44, re rp % ml ty a ae a. : : i bor se : Ln ee a yet , a 7 ; 7 7 iv : Ploy ii : a ‘ 7 : ‘o J ; . es ie oe? ae NOAA See” : a e. - ~) ied SER Bava j _ say me ~ : Aes ¥ iy ; 7 ’ ra cit 7 4 hy wyeretig't, A oa 4 : : Re: ar Pe: Oy Ue cal! eae ee ais e a : 24 7 : ; be? NE i ee = Vis « st : ; pom mt Ti Wye oe Tee = m1 : : i - : . oe Jay ty Te eT ay i : ; ; 7 - a : Riel eel) pie J uel & : oo : ; : 2 : ‘ : 1 Nr ok ere ae ee 7 - 7 - ~ a { a 7 a ; i ; ee Pr. te, SOY os _ : a ‘i 7 ® ’ ie rn ye 3 ale"5 : 7 7 . ' _ a es eee) a oe} as Ditton ree at a a 7 7 , SC ae Soap htdviy 7 7 > 3 2 E+ > 7 = ? . — 2 - 7 : a - 7 : y i a - : i 7 i : _ - - ( Ly =) Sot. ) > ¥ * - - = a) 4c s ° ie i" - DIPTERA FROM NEPAL A NEW SPECIES OF RHINOPHORIDAE By B. HERTING Rhinomorinia longifacies sp. n. 3g. Body and legs black. Pruinosity greyish, on the frons and thorax more brownish. Anterior 2/3 of the abdominal segments III—V covered with pruinosity, except for a broad medio- dorsal vitta. Wings hyaline. Basicosta yellow. WHalteres yellow. Calyptrae whitish. Head. Frons as broad as 3/4 of one eye. Parafrontalia with two proclinate orbitals (the hind one short and hairlike) and one strong prevertical seta. Frontal vitta slightly narrower than a parafrontale. Face as long as the frons. Parafacialia as broad as 2/3 of the third antennal segment, with a row of small hairs. Third antennal segment one and a half times as long as the second. Arista pubescent, the hairs about as long as the basal width of the arista. Mouth border projecting, peristome about as long as the face, and as broad as 1/4 of the vertical diameter of the eye. Thorax with 1 + 1 (0) acy, 2+ 3 dc,o-+ 2%a. Prealar bristle short. Three humerals in a very triangular position, the inner one short and hairlike. Three sternopleurals. Pteropleural seta short and hairlike. Scutellum with strong cruciate apicals and strong laterals, the latter in an almost basal position. Mid tibia with one isolated anterodorsal bristle. Claws and pulvilli longer than the last tarsal segment. Wings with a strong costal spine. R, opened on the tip of the wing. Bend of m rounded. Apical cross-vein weaker than the other veins, its distance from the wing margin equal to 2/3 of its length. Cross-vein m-cu straight, rather closer to ry-m than to the bend of m. Abdomen with two marginals on the third segment and a complete row on the fourth one. No discals, not even on the fifth segment. Lobes of the fifth sternite very big, one and a half times as long as the dorsum of the fifth tergite. Holotype g, East NEPAL: Taplejung distr., 5,500 ft, on mossy ground, 20.x.1961 (R. L. Coe). (Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.).) The characters by which this peculiar species differs from the European species, Rhinomorinia sarcophagina Schin. and Rh. subrostrata Vill. are given below. 1 Face as long as the frons. Parafacialia with a row of short hairs over their entire length. Lateral bristles of the scutellum in an almost basal position. Basicosta yellow. Wing venation: m-cu rather closer to r-m than to the bend of m. Mid tibia with one anterodorsal bristle. Abdomen without discals. ¢: frons with proclinate orbital setae ; : ‘ ‘ : : 4 longifacies — Face shorter than the frons. Parafacialia bare, except for some small hairs in the upper part. Lateral bristles of the scutellum in normal position. Basicosta black. Cross-vein m-cu more than twice as far from y-m than from the bend of m. Mid tibia with several anterodorsal bristles. Abdomen with discals on the fourth tergite. ¢: frons without proclinate orbital setae sarcophagina and subrostrata REFERENCE HERTING, B. 1961. In Lindner, E. Die Fliegen der Palaarktischen Region. 64e. Rhinophorinae. Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.), Ent. 17 (10) 1966. a > a Cae 7 a ae 7 i - : 7 7 pat _ 7 — 7 st 7 a - - a cl : - 7 ; 7 | 7 7 c i ; - - fo 7 ——- 7 a - - on > ,- [oe - 7 - - - - - = a 7 a _ - = i a 4 7 7 iz : 7 4 s ACS PORMIOATH i islets PUES Oy ol tke, 23 DA mee ADE 4 i A Bart . aa fe tA OL 1 Photet sh tlt et Seb wk se i ana weave A A as rt tote 4 Sooty oO (=a Le to r AWtrt = : = : =a 7 +. Viti Paap ee ba et : a ad heh 1° ee is, Ot w ial wel 4 G4 ateeiwa. - = mie | i pee: a Le “asthe tmnt > ® Paid) 4 es eyo | Sent” ‘ a ruke kar Hie EO DA - i oy i Lt, ue , ” vingnuaaing 6 : Pe] PT iY 1 trevytwte 7 Jai: ifeeicete Lay Needs 7 ; Pil 7Te ae i aint Se ss ie artes ty) se “TD. ne { lee sa 66 eit a OF Saag eT aes ee Drorla «lea ips {tread ? a MUR ae TY get nh rok Tey wank ergirel ; TAN ; eto ee os ek F HAS shoe y Sremows Hag? OIF | de ro <0) eset ayi a : ‘ Sts te! ian am a te vgn - : - = Say eur —— i) wheal Bw r 1 i A ot 0) ws soit a4 : pactn f 7% Ls! i, orden — = fC PR eI ONS, DIPTERA. FROM. NEPAL NEW SPECIES OF PLEATYPEZA AND CALLOMYIA (Family PLATYPEZIDAE) By E. L. KESSEL SY NOPSTS Two new species of Platypezidae, Platypeza nepalensis and Callomyia coet, are described from the material collected by Mr. R. L. Coe in East Nepal. THE collection of Diptera made by Mr. R. L. Coe on the British Museum (Natural History) Expedition to East Nepal, 1961-62 contained two examples of the family Platypezidae. Both represented undescribed species, one in the genus Platypeza and the other in Callomyia. I am grateful to Mr. J. P. Doncaster, Keeper of Ento- mology, and to Mr. Coe for the opportunity to study these specimens. Platypeza nepalensis sp. n. 2. General Appearance : Head grey with brick coloured eyes, thorax and abdomen bluish grey marked with black; wings clear; legs yellowish brown. Head: Face and front bluish grey; proboscis and palpi yellowish brown ; occiput bluish grey; bristles black except those on the proboscis which are yellowish; antennae brown ; antennal segments short, the first two subequal, the third a little shorter than the first and second together ; first antennal segment as long as broad ; second segment a little shorter than broad ; third segment gently rounded at tip where arista is attached ; arista about twice the width of the three basal antennal segments taken together; two minute rounded segments evident at base of arista ; first antennal segment without evident bristles, second segment with a ring of subequal bristles extending beyond the distal margin of the segment, third segment with short fine hair, and arista bare. Eyes brick coloured, widely separated, all facets of uniform size; ocelli amber coloured ; ocellar tubercle bluish grey. Chief cephalic bristles: 5 pairs of subequal ocellar bristles, slightly divergent and directed forward ; frons with about 15 minute bristles on each side; no verticals; 2 postverticals on left side, one on right; postverticals subequal to and adjacent to the long row of postorbitals on each side behind the eyes; post- verticals and postorbitals about twice the length of the ocellars; numerous small occipital bristles below the postverticals and the postorbitals. Thorax bluish grey, with posteriorly directed, black, tridentate marking on its dorsal surface. The base of this marking originates from a pair of black vittae in the neck region and which are in line with the posterior ocelli; it widens out in front of the transverse suture, contracts, and widens again behind the suture to form the tridentate portion. The middle prong of the marking is wider and longer than the lateral prongs, reaching all the way to the scutellum and beyond, whereas the lateral prongs fall short of the scutellum. As it enters the scutellum, the middle prong widens out abruptly to become arrowhead-shaped and penetrates the scutellum for half its length. The two anteriorly directed grey processes which separate the three black ones are relatively short and fail by more than half their length to reach the transverse suture. All Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.), Ent. 17 (10) 1966. 454 E. L. KESSEL thoracic bristles black ; no acrostichals ; some 45 small pluriserial dorsocentrals on each side . the posteriormost of these stouter and longer and the last bristle on each side very much stouter and longer; the dorsocentrals on each side fan out in front to join about 9 posthumerals, all subequal to the dorsocentrals ; on each side there are 5 subequal humerals, 4 prominent noto- pleurals, and 4 postalars, with the middle two of the last prominent ; scutellum bare except for 4 prominent, convergent, marginal scutellars on each side. Wings hyaline ; anal cell very long, about one-third its length removed from the wing margin ; posterior cross-vein about one-half its length removed from the wing margin ; fourth longitudinal vein branching nearer the wing margin than to the posterior posterior cross-vein ; posterior branch of the fourth vein clearly short of the wing margin. Halteres brownish. Legs blackish brown ; posterior tarsi greatly flattened and with a prominent sole on the third and fourth tarsal segments which are the longest ; a prominent yellow bristle projects from the distal margin of segment 1 and of segment 2. Abdomen yellowish grey below; above bluish grey except for black markings as follows : segment I all bluish grey except for a longitudinal, black, dividing strip down the middle ; segment 2 all black ; segment 3 with a narrow black band along the anterior margin, widening in the middle fifth and behind to reach the posterior margin of the segment ; segment 4 with a narrow black band along the anterior margin and a thin edging of black along its posterior margin ; segment 5 similar to 4 but with the black band in front more prominent ; segment 6 all black except for a thin bluish grey margin behind. Length: Body, 3 mm. Holotype 2. E.NEpaAL: Taplejung District, Sangu, about 6,200 ft, mixed vegeta- tion by stream in gully, xi.1961-1.1962 (R. L. Coe). Platypeza nepalensis is closely allied to the Nearctic P. polypori Willard, 1914, and the Palearctic P. infumata Haliday, 1838. The three species are distinguishable on the basis of their black thoracic and abdominal markings. For example, in P. nepalensis abdominal segment I is all bluish grey except for a prominent black dividing stripe down the middle, in P. infumata it is all bluish grey except for a wide black area in front and a thin black band along the posterior margin of the segment, and in P. polyport this segment is all bluish grey except for a thin black band along its posterior margin. Also useful for a quick separation of these three species are the differences pertaining to the middle and widest prong of the posteriorly directed tridentate black marking on the thorax. In P. nepalensis this middle prong not only reaches the scutellum, but extends well into it to form the arrowhead-shaped process described above ; in P. polypori this process about reaches the scutellum but does not extend into it; in P. infumata the process ends far short of the scutellum. Callomyia coei sp. n. 2. General Appearance : Head grey ; thorax black and grey ; abdomen banded with orange and black; wings clear ; legs yellowish. Head: Face and front silvery grey; proboscis and palpi orange-yellow ; occiput black, heavily mottled with grey ; all bristles black except those on the proboscis which are yellowish brown. All segments of antennae brownish black ; first two segments short, as broad as long, subequal in length but first segment thinner ; first segment with a single dorsal bristle ; second segment with a ring of several prominent bristles ; third segment somewhat flattened, about as long as the first two combined, pointed at the apex, covered with short fine hair; arista black, bare, terminal, its base consisting of two tiny bead-like segments. Eyes brick coloured, mottled DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 455 with black, widely separated, all facets of uniform size ; ocelli amber coloured ; ocellar tubercle black. Chief cephalic bristles: one pair of prominent and divergent greater ocellars arising at the level of the anterior margin of the lateral ocelli; asingle pair of divergent lesser ocellars about one-fourth the length of the greater ocellars and arising at the level of the posterior margin of the lateral ocelli; one pair of prominent divergent vertical bristles about equal in size to the greater ocellars, located at about the level of the lateral ocelli; one pair of occipitocentrals, convergent, a little shorter than the verticals, located very slightly toward the midline but well behind ; one pair of slightly convergent occipitolaterals behind and lateral to the verticals, and in line with and at the sides of the occipitocentrals, a little shorter than the occipitocentrals ; the first postorbital on each side standing close to its occipitolateral, the postorbitals continuing the row begun by the occipitocentral and occipitolateral of the side, the members of the row not becoming thinner but getting shorter as they continue down the paracephalic regions to the cheek; in the lower region of the head two or three rows of prominent paracephalics, located behind and more or less parallel to the postorbitals, are continuous below with the beard of the cheeks and the parafacial regions ; one pair of prominent fronto-orbitals, about two-thirds the length of the vertical bristles behind them ; a single pair of minute frontals below and toward the mid-line from the verticals. Thorax silvery grey, witha broad black stripe down the middle to the posterior margin of the scutellum. There is also a black area on each side of the mesonotum just above the wing base. Humeri brownish yellow; squamae brownish cream, fringed with brown hairs; all bristles black ; one row of 7 acrostichals set close together and extending down the midline, the row abbreviated somewhat in front and stopping behind about half-way back on the mesonotum ; a row of 13 dorsocentrals on each side, consisting of about 5 presutural and 8 postsutural bristles, the row curving outward in front at the level of the first acrostichal and extending uninterrupted to the humeral callus, and behind extending four bristles posterior to the last acrostichal, the posterior bristles of the row becoming much larger, and with the last one (prescutellar) very large ; 2 humerals in line with outward-turned dorsocentrals, about equal in size; 2 additional pre- sutural bristles, the posterior one much larger; 3 postsutural bristles above the wings, becoming progressively longer from front to back ; 5 notopleurals, arranged 3 below toward the front and 2 above toward the back ; scutellum bare except for 2 pairs of prominent, convergent, marginal scutellars. Wings clear ; with brownish veins; no stigmata; 12 spines on R,; halteres brown. Legs slender ; yellowish brown, with tarsi darker ; posterior tibiae and tarsi not much dilated. Abdomen with segments I, 2, and 4 silvery orange both above and below, and the fourth with a thin, brown, mid-dorsal, longitudinal stripe; segment 3 black above and yellow below ; segment 5 black both above and below; remaining segments yellowish ; dorsum and sides of abdomen clothed with slender black hairs which become distinct bristles on the terminal seg- ments. Length: Body, 3 mm. Holotype 9. E. NrepaLt: Taplejung District, old mixed forest, above Sangu, about 6,200 ft, 25-28.x.1961 (R. L. Coe). Callomyia coet is most likely to be confused with the Palearctic C. amoena Meigen, 1824, and the Nearctic C. clara Kessel, 1948. From the former it is quickly dis- tinguishable by its black third abdominal segment, this being principally orange in that species. Callomyta clara also has orange on this third abdominal segment to set it apart. Moreover the all orange fourth abdominal segment of C. coez is replaced in C. clara by one which is marked by a black triangle lying over the orange. Also, the orange in C. coei is pale in contrast to the bright orange of C. clara. ee eo per. a ide co “i c1wvi Sit acponey 1 hal Casa ge RO es eer eit derpolonee sence Sesteeneey’ dra eabaeoiaadaes oe WA hs te! lt eo olen cei) paste » ee ieh @. 0Gpt 1¢emtoot gener yt Bete eewerds “Lay ahh AA Rape lemnial ts ve mie ni be fy oni wl 4yieke te folcw enmles . iste arr CO ses (Pe aa USN ete eS cchaletente/ aie obit 2g wy can hel Pee! oe ee wevb wl cree rin edna nytthenb eae sen fen late Ms 18 AMAT Ee coratlegers ek” ieee teint au) a teen A Lace rhe Rs aC ie eer ee Le Tote ‘vt AS? ie ‘ ; 4 ee ete RA we lee te 1 yy =» ? Oe eer! bore 1nd weepated » Reber Thien Pal ' i) ey) OPE ys ocala eee ‘Te ty wa i a eS Se a i a ’ " fe ee ie, Sle. 6 eee diesem ae 4 AP te) ities oo: Gaile Cet aie wae , e - 1a £ - eo) 2s jaa ees4iy ds ; i : e ‘5 way; teh é i | i a! ‘ bat ' ies? oq j : me : ey | Fr; ¥ = v re | if ae i "i Ps r = Agr ass ap ih tami : “yh a on ‘wont vg “ae “P Sat a fy C Fa. $090 frei Ret oa) part Bh) ih SFM vw Leah bch GN ici age lata Ol yen. yt tind Pes Oe goto Pattadeeyape? i ': ey “ined Wat Ce etn, | apeasarae ? => lami sy reese Ue ar eee it urea, nes ee toe ee (ee Seek ae pas 2D , i a Aa oF eile ce Gl Le. a7 Wy ab Al) ‘ mea” sh a wt ail ug tig te? pe ee DIPTERA FROM NEPAL SARCOPHAGIDAE By B. B. ROHDENDORF SYNOPSIS The material studied comprises nine genera or subgenera and thirteen species, of which two genera, one subgenus and six species are described as new. THIS paper is based upon material from Nepal sent to me by Mr. R. L. Coe for determination. The limited state of our knowledge about the Nepalese Sarco- phagidae makes this collection of considerable interest and importance. The material contains 13 species, 8 Sarcophaginae and 5 Miltogrammatinae. The Sarcophaginae are almost purely Oriental and contain only one new species. The Miltogrammatinae, on the other hand, all represent new and interesting forms. Although the collection is small, the number of new species is high, and this demon- strates the considerable originality of the East Nepalese fauna. Subfamily SARCOPHAGINAE Parasarcophaga (Parasarcophaga) albiceps (Meigen) East NepAL: Arun valley below Tumlingtar, above R. Sabhaya, west and east shore, human excreta in sandy place, g-12.xii.1961, 5 3, 4 2; ibidem, on sandy shore, 30.xii.1961, 1 9. Arun valley, Tumlingtar, dry sandy plateau, c. 2,000 ft, I2.xli.1961, 6 3. Taplejung Distr., Dobhan, c. 3,500 ft, on minute florets of tassel- flowered shrub, 23-31.1.1962,1 9. Taplejung Distr., Dobhan, cut rice steppes above River Maewa, c. 4,000 ft, 28.1.1962, 2 g. Taplejung Distr., between Sangu and Tamrang, c. 5,500 ft, open ground by hill stream, 20-23.x.1961,2 3,19. Taplejung Distr., Sangu, c. 6,200 ft, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, ix—x.1961, 9 J, 2 9; ibidem, blooms of wild cherry, 15-18.xi.1961, 1 2; ibidem, yellow blooms of culti- vated Compositae (Guizotia abyssinica Cassini), 16-29.x.1961, 2 3, 2 2; ibidem, bamboo plantation, 11.x.1961, 1 9. Taplejung Distr., above Sangu, edge of mixed forest, 17.X-I.xi. 1961, I J. Parasarcophaga (Parasarcophaga) knabi (Parker) East NEPAL: Tumlingtar, bare rocky slopes above R. Sabhaya, west bank, 1,900 ft, 8-24.xii.1961, r 9. Arun valley below Tumlingtar, R. Sabhaya, west shore, human excreta in sandy place, 9-22.xii. 1961, 3 J, 4 2. Arun valley, Tum- lingtar, dry sandy plateau, c. 2,000 ft, 12.xii.1961, 4 g. Arun valley above R. Sabhaya, east shore, human excreta in sandy place, 9-22.xii. 1961, 3 gd, I 9; ibidem, yellow blooms of cultivated Compositae (Guizotia abyssinica Cassini), 10-16. xi1. 1961, I g. Taplejung Distr., Dobhan, c. 3,500 ft, on minute florets of tassel-flowered shrub, 23-31 .1.1962, I 9. Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.), Ent. 17 (10) 1966. 458 B. B. ROHDENDORF Parasarcophaga (Parasarcophaga) macroauriculata (Ho) East NEPAL: Taplejung Distr., Sangu, 6,200 ft, yellow blooms of cultivated Compositae (Guizotia abyssinica Cassini), 16-29.x.1961, I 3; ibidem, mixed vegeta- tion by stream in gully, ix—-x.1961, I J. Parasarcophaga (Parasarcophaga) orchidea (Bottcher) East NEPAL: Arun valley above R. Sabhaya, east shore, human excreta in sandy place, 9-22.xii.1961, 2 J, 22. Arun valley, below Tumlingtar, R. Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800 ft, human excreta in sandy place, 9-22.xii.1961, r g, 3 9. Arun valley, Tumlingtar, dry sandy plateau, c. 2,000 ft, 12.xii. 1961, 3 ¢. Parasarcophaga sp. indet. East NEPAL: Arun valley below Tumlingtar, R. Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800 ft, on sandy shore, 31.xii. 1961, I &. Robineauella (Jantiella) coei sp. n. (Text-figs. 1 and 2) $. Body-colour dark, as is usual in this genus. Frons above equal to o-2 of head-width, at narrowest point to 0-13; the fly is somewhat immature so that the head is rather shrunken. frontal vitta black, narrow, at middle equal only to a half the width of a parafrontal, with fine and sparse black hairs. Parafacialia slender, with two irregular rows of fine, moderately long setae. Cheeks broad, almost equal to a quarter of the eye-height, with black hairs. Occiput with two or three rows of black setae behind the postorbitals and with pale hairs on the middle and lower parts. Anterior two-thirds of the parafrontalia and parafacialia golden yellow dusted. Antennae black; third segment 2-5 times as long as second, broad and parallel-sided. Arista with long fine hairs. Palpi black, long and moderately swollen at apices. Inner vertical setae long and strong, outer setae much shorter and finer. Thorax and adjacent parts dark in colour. Acvo+o. De 4+ 4, only two post pairs strong, the others hair-like. Scutellum without lateral setae, with 1 strong basal, 1 strong subapical, 1 short subbasal and 1 fine, short, crossed Fics. 1-2. Robineauella (Jantiella) coei sp.n. (holotype). 1, Cerci and surstyli. 2, Phallosome and parameres. DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 459 apical pair of setae. 7, bare, 7; +4 setulose on the basal section. Mid femur with a well- developed ctenidium. Mid and hind femur and tibia with very long dense hairs ventrally. Hind femur with a row of stout setae on anterior surface. Abdomen long and slender, without median marginal setae on the 3rd tergite; 4th tergite with one pair of setae in the middle of hind margin and three pairs of strong setae on the sides ; 5th tergite with a complete marginal row of 18-20 setae. 2nd and 3rd sternites with very long dense hairs ; 4th sternite with shorter but moderately dense hairs. Postabdomen black. Cerci in lateral view curved, with a short apical tooth, and on the anterior side with a row of very short but strong setae (about Io). Phallosome moderately sclerotized ; apical part of paraphallus with a prominent median process and a pair of cylindrical, lateral appendices, which are incised anteriorly before apex. Ventral and membranal apophyses similar to those in R. djakonovi Rohd. Length: 13:2 mm. Holotype g. East NEPAL: Taplejung Distr., Sangu, c. 6,200 ft, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, ix—-x.1961. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). This species is most closely related to Robineauella (Jantiella) djakonovi Rohd., but differs from it by the curved cerci, which bear short but strong setae, and by the different structure of the apical part of the phallosome. Bercaea haemorrhoidalis (Fallén) East NEPAL: Taplejung Distr., Dobhan, east bank of River Tamur, c. 3,000 ft, I $; ibidem, cut rice steppes above River Maewa, c. 4,000 ft, 22.1.1962, 3 3. Taplejung Distr., Sangu, c. 6,200 ft, mixed vegetation by stream in gully, ix—x.1961, I g, 1; ibidem, by rocky stream, 7-16.x.1961, I 9. BOETTCHERISCA (COEISCA) subégen. n. Type-species : Sarcophaga khasiensis Senior White, 1924. This subgenus may be separated from Boettcherisca s. str. by the absence of the lamellate membraneous lobes, which are strongly sclerotized and furcate, by the very large, funnel-shaped styli, and by the large median conical protuberance on 5th abdominal sternite of male. Based on a single species from the eastern Himalaya. Boettcherisca (Coeisca) khasiensis (Senior White) (Text-fig. 3) East NEPAL: Taplejung Distr., edge of mixed forest above Sangu, c. 6,500 ft, I7.X-I.x1.1961, I 3. Fic. 3. Boettcherisca (Coeisca) khasiensis S.W., Phallosome. 460 B. B. ROHDENDORF Seniorwhitea orientaloides (Senior White) East NEPAL: Arun valley below Tumlingtar, River Sabhaya, west shore, c. 1,800 ft., Q-I12.xii.1961, I g. Taplejung Distr., Dobhan, cut rice steppes above River Maewa, 4,000 ft, 28.1.1962, I 3. Subfamily MILTOGRAMMATINAE Miltogramma (Miltogramma) nepalicum sp. n. $. Frons above equal to 0-31 of the head-width, just above level of antennae to 0-30. Frontal vitta reddish brown, brownish black in front, the whole vitta matt and undusted; the vitta broad, the posterior (upper) part slightly widened ; the ratio of the width of the anterior and posterior parts is 1: 1:25. In lateral view the frons is moderately prominent. Frontal setae numerous but very fine, 22-25 pairs, partially crossed. Parafrontalia, parafacialia and face golden yellow, rather brightly dusted. The parafrontalia, besides frontal setae, and parafacialia with dense and fine black hairs. Orbital setae very fine, 4—5 pairs, almost indistinguishable and mixed with the frontal bristles. Ocellar setae short and curved laterad. Occiput golden grey. Postorbital setae fine and short, in two irregular rows. Antennae of moderate length, 3rd seg- ment 1-9 as long as 2nd. Arista short, dilated almost to middle. Cheeks rather brightly golden yellow dusted, hind part more golden grey, 1/10 of the eye-height, with fine, pale dense hairs and isolated black setae in front. Facial ridges with fine black setae extending from vibrissal angle to the level of apex of 3rd antennal segment. Palpi yellow, with black bristles, of moderate size and with the apices swollen. Thorax dark in colour and densely yellowish grey dusted. Mesonotum with the usual longitudinal vittae : before the suture there are three slender median vittae and two lateral spots that are not sharply defined ; behind the suture there is a rather indistinctly defined median vitta and short lateral vittae. Acro-+ 1. Dce2 + 4, only two post pairs long. Scutellum with strong basal, lateral and apical setae. Legs black. Setae on 4th segment of fore tarsus not dense: 4-5 sparse setulae present on anterior surface. Wings yellowish. Bend of m forming a right-angle. 3rd costal segment short, 0-3 of znd segment. Thoracic squamae pale yellow. Abdomen dark in colour and densely light golden brown dusted ; the sides of 2nd, 3rd and 4th tergites slightly pale. 2nd tergite with a dark median dorsal spot ; 3rd tergite with rather diffuse dorsal spots at sides and a very small, almost dot-like spot in the middle of hind margin; 4th tergite with two broad lateral vittae and an almost indistinguishable median spot ; 5th tergite with three small, well defined spots on the hind mar- gin. Ventral part of 3rd, 4th and 5th tergites with shining, well defined blackish brown spots. Postabdomen rather large; anal tergite shining black. Length: 9-0 mm. Holotype 3. East NEPAL: Taplejung Distr., edge of mixed forest above Sangu, c. 6,500 ft, 17.x-I.xi.1961. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). The species is very similar to M. (M.) punctatum Meigen, and differs from it by the densely yellow-dusted head, by the absence of median spots on 3rd and 4th tergites, and by the different form of the setae on the fore tarsus of the male. Senotainia (Sphixapata) nepalica sp. n. g. Head dark in colour, the frontal vitta matt black, undusted ; dusting on head silvery grey, partially silvery white. Frons above equal to 0-293 of head-width, at narrowest point to 0-261. Frontal vitta narrow, posteriorly equal to only 0-5 the width of frons ; the ratio of the width of anterior and posterior parts is 1: 1-45. 8-9 pairs of frontal setae: posterior pair the shortest DIPTERA FROM NEPAL 401 and weakest. 2 pairs of proclinate and 1 pair of strong reclinate orbital setae. Parafrontalia, apart from the strong setae, with 6-7 short but not particularly fine hairs. Ocellar setae of moderate size and curved forward and outwards. Vertical setae rather fine and short, the inner pair twice as long as the outer. Antennae black, the apical margin of znd segment reddish brown; 3rd segment short, 1-55 as long as 2nd. Antennae falling short of epistoma by a distance equal to the length of 3rd antennal segment. Arista long: 2nd segment as long as broad ; the thickened part of 3rd segment equal to one-third of the slender part. Palpi short and slender, not dilated. Labellae of proboscis behind in the form of a pair of setulose horn- shaped processes. Parafacialia slender and rather prominent, 0-29 of eye length, with two irregular rows of setae. Cheeks one-fifth of eye-height, with rather dense black setae. Setae at vibrissal angle long and strong. Peristoma with long black setae. No further rows of occi- pital bristles present behind the postorbital row. Thorax dark in colour, with dense yellowish grey dust. Mesonotum with characteristic vittae: before the suture there are three subequal median vittae and two broad lateral spots; behind the suture are three median vittae, the middle one of which is T-shaped and reaches the hind margin of mesonotum where it is rather broadened, the two lateral median vittae abbreviated and extending to a point just caudad of first post dc seta; the lateral spots behind the suture broad and straight. , een basalis, Aulacizes . a ; A - 3168 basimacula, Tettigonia . : > » pete batesi, Oncometopia : : é . 169 bella, Tettigonia . : : 5 + 1 OO bellona, Tettigoniella : . ; 169 bergi, Plagiopsis : : 267 (figs.) bergii, Neomaskellia ‘ : ie a fl - bhainse, Hybos "82 (fig.), 8 bhiga, Hilara 86, 88 (fig.), 8 bhura, Hypenella : : 100, IOI (fig) Bicellaria : : ; : 85 bicolorata, Physocephala. ‘ >. 432 bicornis, Eumetopina . 54, 55 (figs.) bifacies, Tettigonia F ; 2 . 169 bilineata, Tettigonia 5 ‘ 2 . 169 biolleyi, Diestostemma . : : eatOO biroi, Embia . . 300 (fig.), 301 Boettcherisca (Coeisca) : : - 459 boliviana, Trichogonia . : - 169 bongerense, Cixiosoma 247, 248 (figs.) brasiliensis, Oncometopia : + $169 brevifrons, Tettigonia . : ‘ =, LOO brevis, Rhaphirrhinus. : - 169 breviceps, Sicorisia 261, 262 (figs.) brunneipennis, Nepalometopia_ . - 463 brunnettii, Tachydromia 75,77 (fig.) bugabensis, Amblydisca . . + 4569 burmanica, Apphia 5 : - *, 1169 butleri, Faenius . ; F ; 3 O09 cachabensis, Tettigoniella ; : sn 170 caelatus, Ugyops . ; - Phy Pyccsa ite) caicus, Tettigonia . : ; : al TO Calbodus 251-253 caliginosum, Cixiosoma eee 9 tage 250 candida, Tettigonia : 170 candidipes, Tettigonia . 5 P me 70. canidia, Kolla 2 : ; ; oe. aL 7O capito, Oncometopia ; . ; cae 0 cara, Tettigonia . : : Se 7 e, carissima, Tettigonia . : 170 carrikeri, Myrsidea 332 (fig.), 335 (fig.), 370, 371 (fig.), 384 (fig.), 389 (fig.) cassiae, Aleurolonga 129 (fig.), 130-131 caudata, Tettigonia ; : , IO Celyphus 227-228 Cemus i é ; 19-20 cephalotes, Tettigonia : : 5 ee L70 Cephenius ‘ 204-207 Ceratolaemus.. ; ; ; +. 203 cervina, Tettigonia : : , Fa fe, Chelipoda . : ; ; 94-96 chepuanus, Notocixius 241, 242 (figs.), 243 chilensis, Chondrodera . i : is 200 chilensis, Cixius . 2 . 260 chita, Hemerodromia . chittendeni, Dialeurodes . . 90-91, 92 (figs.) 414, 415 (fig.) cicatrifrons, Eorissa 30, 31 (figs.) cinctipes, Ciccus. - 170 cinerea indica, Psychoda 220 (figs), 221, 222 cirta, Amblydisca . : 70 citri, Acaudaleyrodes . IIg—120 civilis, Tettigonia . : : . = LE cixioides, Mnemosyne ‘ : ~ S35 Cixiosoma - : 247-250 clarior, Proconia . e : P su REE claripennis, Conops é ; : « 431 cleasa, Aulacizes . ; é , 5 hE Cleomia : : : 311-313 cleora, Diedrocephala ; : : ne oe clepsydra, Tettigonia . . : oy OE coccinea, Tettigonia ; é ‘ +p EGE coei, Callomyia : ; - 454-455 coei, Celyphus 227, 228 (fig.), 229 (fig.) coei, Drapetis (Elaphropeza) 67, 69 (fig.) coei, Pericoma coei, Physocephala : coei, Robineauella (J antiella), 224, 225 (figs.), 226 +: 48% 458 (figs.) 459 coeruleovittata v. delineata, Tettigonia . 171 coffeacola, Africaleurodes 120, 121 (fig.) collata, Tettigonia . : 5 : SeuEE complanatus, Aleurochiton 405 (fig.), 408 completa, Tettigonia : : ‘ ot ADL composita, Tettigonia . : : +. MITE compressa, Propetes : , ; «, JL compta, Tettigonia : : ; ae ao ET concinna, Tettigonia : ‘ ; ay EL concinnula, Tettigonia . , ic, 8 ERE configurata, Tettigonia . : F on LD confinis, Tettigonia : : : + Eg2 congruens, Tettigonia . A ; «sp AG2 consimilis, Nothodelphax . ‘ . 254 consistens, Proconia : Z F ee P- consobrina, Tettigonia . ; : in RIS consors, Ujna . ‘ ; : . 172 conspersa, Aulacizes 5 : x ee Ne conspissata, Tettigonia . : ; om LTR constans, Tettigonia ; : : “updo contorta, Embia . 290 (fig.), 291, 292 Corbulo . ‘ : ; a ee corixoides, Tettigonia : ‘ : ee cornelia, Tettigoniella . F ; +? AGE Coronacella . ‘ ; - ah correntosoensis, Delphacodes , vine SET costaricensis, Tettigonia . , : EPR crassa, Tettigonia . : oe ere cruciator, Pipunculus (Endorylas) ; + 441 cumatilis, Tettigoniella . ; ; OE cyanescens, Tettigonia . : , 173 Cyrtosia 203-204 daeta, Tettigoniella . , Pe ye darwini, Haplodelphax 33-34 (hes.) dasyops, Nepalisca : : . . 464 decora, Tettigonia . : . if ‘sup Ae decorata, Tettigonia : : ‘ eee INDEX 467 delecata, Tettigonia : , : % :193 delecatula, Ujna_ . « 193 deminitens, Pipunculus (Pipunculus) 443, 444 (figs.), 445 Denseidea . : ; : : + 62330 desmondii, Trialeurodes . 156 (figs.), 157-158 destructor, Myrsidea 353 (fig.), 354, 381 (fig.), 387 (fig.) ; : + 293 335 (fig.), 354, 355 (fig.), 383 (fig.), 387 (fig.) detracta, Tettigonia devastator, Myrsidea diaphana, Kolla_. : F : el73 diducta, Tettigonia ; : . eal dilpa, Corbulo ; . : ; rds diminutus, Ciccus . 73 discors, Pipunculus (Endorylas)_ 440 nee ) discrepans, Tettigonia . 173 discreta, Sicorisia . 3 : : » 26 dispar, Oncometopia : : : =e 174 distinguenda, Tettigonia 174 distocruciator, Pipunculus (Eudorylas) 441, 442 (figs.) divergens, Stilpon 73 (fig.), 74 dives, Aulacizes . : : cea: dodona, Corbulo . 48-40, 50 (fig.) dorsicrista, Germaria : : : mA dorsivitta, Ciccus . ‘ : ce L 74: douglasi, Aleuropteridis ‘ : jweey Drapetis : 5 - : 65-72 drusilla, Abana é : : - eal 74 dryas, Tropidocephala_ . : : ; 13 dryope, Toya : - - ee 50 dunsiriensis, Tettigoniella : ‘ & ALG Yr duplicaria, Tettigonia . 7 : mn ty 7 | eastopi, Aleuropteridis . : : - 135 eburnea, Tettigonia : . , tee ora Eichlerinopon —. ; : : 1330 Electroembia : : : . 279-280 elegans, Myrsidea 336 (fig.), 376 (fig.), 377, 386 (ig.), 389 (6g. eliyana, Kolla ‘ : : P 174 elongata, Tettigonia ; : : 2 174 elvina, Tettigonia . 174 emarginata, Dialeurolonga . 145 (figs.), 149 Embia P 280-311 emersoni, Myrsidea aA6, 347 (fig.), 348, 387 (figs.) Eorissa : : : ; : 28-31 erisia, Mareba ; : F ; cetera ericae, Tetralicia : uy 6427. (fip.) 5 422 erichsoni, Tettigoniella . t 7) 74 erosus, Notohyus ‘ 23, 24 (figs.) erumpens, Tettigonia . : ; 275 espriella, Tettigoniella . 3 : 275 estella, Diedrocephala_. F : * 175 Eumetopina . " 3 a. 5d euonymus, Toya . : : 57 (figs.), 58 eupompe, Sogatodes . - <5 140 euronotianus, Haplodelphax , 32, 33 (figs.) evae, Clinocera 102 (figs.), 107 excelsa, Apulia : : : : ey 5 excludens, Proconia : ; ‘ tS eximia, Tropidocephala . - Cee exsertus, Pipunculus (Pipunculus) 445, 446 (figs.), 447 extricans, Tettigonia : é ‘ ans 27S ezba, Amblydisca . F : ‘ 75 ezeigwi, Pealius . 151, 152 (figs.), 153 fasciolaris, Pintalia fascipennis, Stenomicra . 235, 236 (figs.) 212-214, 217 (fig.) fausta, Tettigonia . x : 2 E75 feralis, Tettigonia . : ; : spel 75 ferrens, Dilobopterus_. Pe fici, Pealius . : 150-151, 156 (figs.) figurata, Aulacizes . *, t75 filicicola, Aleuropteridis fimbriae, Aleuroplatus 135, 408, 409 (fig.) By Oren aa 34 flaccida, Tettigonia : é el 5 flamingo, Dolichocephala 8 99 oe) flammeicolor, Pherodes . : 175 flaridipes, Ujna_.. : ; ; 2 ETS flavivitta, Tettigonia ; ; ; sel 7 O flora, Apulia . : , : : HG Le fluctuosa, Amblydisca_. A ; ee 7.6 fowleri, Oncometopia : ; : ee E70 fractilinea, Tettigonia . . : 176 fragariae, Aleyrodes 405 (figs.), 406-407 fuentei, Embia : : . ; . 304 fulvicollis, Notocixius . : . 237 (figs.) fumosa, Physocephala_ . : ; - 434 furcifera, Sogatella : ; : SAT fusca, Tettigonia . : ; ‘ 7 O fusciformis, Tettigonia . ; ; i 176 fuscipennis, Oncometopia , : el 76 fuscolineella, Tettigonia . , : eke] O fuscomarginata, Myrsidea - ; a 3o7 ganesa, Kolla : : : ‘ 70 garialis, Namsangia : : ; 7G gaudens, Tettigonia : : 197 gayi, Catonia : ‘ 258, 259 (figs.) gayi, Nubithia. : , ; ary hi gayi, Sicoris . P : : 260-261 Gelastodelphax . ‘ : : eda A: gelida, Tettigonia . : : é eek) gemina, Tettigoniella . : é ee l77 germana, Tettigonia : ; ; hy, ghesquierei, Tetraleurodes 152 (fig.), 155 gigas, Amblydisca . : ; : iat hs gila, Hilara . : 86, 87 (fig.) gillettei, Nothodelphax ‘ ‘ Ag ay 270 (figs.), 271 Ae TAS 18) gilvus,Sarnus . graminis, Corbettia grandis, Corbettia . : ; 143 grandis, Tettigonia. : - 3 ly granulata, Tettigonia. . ; See ff gregalis, Kolla : : : 177 guareschi, Cleomia , : 31 2 (fig. ), 313 468 INDEX guerreroensis, Tettigonia : : : Ae guttivitta, Tettigonia . : . SY A habilis, Tettigoniella : ; « atyz haemorrhoidalis, Bercaea ; ; 459 Haerinella . ; P ‘3- 15 hagnon, Anchodelphax 3 . 37 (figs.) hamleti, Oncometopia_ . : ee br hancocki, Bemisia . 139 (figs.), 140, 141 (figs.), 142 Haplodelphax : ‘ ; : ehh ge Haploembia . é - 315-322 hargreavesi, Aleurolobus 126, 127 (8), 128 hargreavesi, Aleuropteridis . 136 hargreavesi, Trialeurodes , : » 258 hastata, Ciccus P ‘ : 177 helvolus, Notocixius . ‘ 238, 240 (figs.) Hemerodromia : . ‘ : 90-94 Hilara . . ‘ ; 85-90 himalayensis, Suillia : : - “sy himalayica, Senotainia (Sphixapata) 4601-462 helena, Tettigoniella : : ; yy herbida, Tettigonia ‘ ; F Lae hilo, Heleodromia ‘ : - 97 (figs.) histrionica, Eumetopina _. é ~ 654 hopinensis, Tettigoniella . ; : . 178 horsfieldi, Tettigoniella . : : pee. hoyti, Dialeurolonga . 146, 147 (figs.), 148 hyala, Apulia : ; : 5 eek hydra, Tettigonia . : ‘ F . A978 Idiosemus. : : : : + est Idiosystatus . : A 2 : - 250 idonea, Tettigonia . : ; ‘ a ks igniceps, Tettigonia : 5 : « 2978 ignifer, Ciccus : : : : - 278 ignobilis, Tettigonia : : : 2 1978 ignota, Tettigonia . : ‘ . > “£78 iliaci, Myrsidea : F ; - 385-387 illustris, Tettigoniella . ; ; = £76 immaculata, Siphoninus . - 417 (figs.), 420 immaculata, Tettigonia . < : . «178 inca, Tettigoniella . : : « 578 incerta, Myrsidea . 335 (fig.), 440, 350 (fig.), 381 (fig.), 387 (fig.) inconspicua, Tettigonia . ; : . 178 indefinita, Tettigonia . ; : ; 299 indentata, Corbettia ‘ : : « has indiga, Tettigoniella : : - 179 indigenella, Myrsidea 335 (fig.), 356, 357 *e). dat lai tah induta, Tettigonia . ; ae infecta, Tettigoniella : : ; i 879 inflammata, Tettigoniella . : + E99 infulata, Tettigonia ; ‘ ; . S79 innervis, Tettigonia : ‘ : - 12179 innotata, Tettigonia : ‘ gee insecutor, Sulix . ‘ ; 51 (figs.), 5 insignior, Aulacizes insignior, Tettigoniella insignis, Bharata insignis, Kolla insignis, Oncometopia insistans, Proconia insolita, Proconia . instrata, Tettigonia intacta, Tettigonia intensa, Tettigonia interjecta, Oncometopia . intermedia, Microbrachyceraea . intermedius, Ciccus invidenda, Aulacizes iocasta, Tettigoniella ithoma, Notogryps irroratus, Cixius isabellina, Aulacizes ishizawai, Myrsidea 336 (fig.), 378 (fig.), 379- 179 179 179 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 433 180 180 180 28, 29 (figs.) 258 180 382, 7 (8), ssi (fig.), Pl. 2 ithra, Kolla - 180 iuncicola, Haplodelphax . 32 (figs.) Izella . 41-43 jamesi, Aleuropteridis ; . 136 jelinekii, Aleurotrachelus . 409 (figs.), 410 jemima, Tettigoniella : ; 180 jocosa, Tettigonia . 180 kaha, Thrasymemnon : 43, 44 (fig.) kala, Drapetis (Elaphropeza) + «66 keniensis, Myrsidea 348 (fig.), 349 keta, Chelipoda ‘ 95, 96 (fig.) kewensis, Aleuroplatus : - 410 khalsa, Drapetis (Crossopalpus) “© (fig.), 72 kharavela, Tettigoniella . : 4 RSE khasiensis, Boettcherisca (Coeisca) 459 (fig.) khola, Hilara 89 (figs.), 90 kirkaldyi, Cemus 19-20 kirkaldyi, Coronacella 47 kirkaldyi, Dialeurodes ; 146 knabi, Parasarcophaga (Parasarcophaga) . 458 klossi, Bhooria : : i oie DBE kodaikana, Kolla 181 kolophon, Sogatella . “ihe kosi, Tachydromia 77 (fig.), 79 kotagiriensis, Tettigoniella F - 181 kuluensis, Myrsidea (Alcediniphilus) . 382 kusheriki, Aleurotuberculatus 138 (fig.), 138 lacerta, Phera 181 laeta, Tettigonia 181 Lanimenopon +» 330 larachensis, Embia 305 5 (g.) larvata, Tettigonia 181 latifascia, Aulacizes 181 latipennis, Scaris 181 lativittata, Tettigonia 181 latomarginata, Tettigoniella 181 lazulis, Toya P 58 INDEX lecerfi, Embia 307, ~ (fig.) lemniscata, Tettigonia 182 lenea, Tettigoniella 182 leopardina, Tettigoniella 182 lepidipennis, Tettigonia . : e LOZ lesnei, Embia 289 (fig.), 290 leucomalis, Iassus . 2 ~ | 252 leucomelas, Tettigonia 182 linearis, Aulacizes . 182 lineatipes, Nothodelphax 254 lineatus, Kolla : 182 lineolata, Tettigonia 182 lineosa, Tettigonia . + 182 litoralis, Drapetis (Elaphropeza) : 68 Liquidea 330 loganiaceae, Africaleurodes 121 (fig. ), 122 lomri, Hemerodromia 2 (figs. ia 93, 94 lonicerae, Aleyrodes : 406 longa, Tettigonia . 182 longifacies, Rhinomorinia 451 longifurcifera, Sogatella . 47 longipes, Tettigonia 182 lubia, Trialeurodes 157 lucasi, Embia 310, 311 (fig.) luculenta, Tettigonia 182 lugens, Nilaparvata 24-25 lugubris, Amblydisca 182 luridescens, Aulacizes 182 lynchi, Faenius 182 macroauriculata, Parasarcophaga (Para- sarcophaga) maculatus, Cixius macleayi, Pseudembolophora . mactata, Tettigonia maculata, Atkinsoniella . maculata, Aulacizes maculatus, Ciccus . maculicollis, Tettigonia . maculivenis, Goneokarella maewa, Trichoclinocera magellanicus, Notocixius 243, 244 (figs.), 245 magna, Proconia magna, Psychoda magnifrons, Aulacizes maidis, Peregrinus . marcia, Stictoscarta marginata, Proconia maroccana, Embia marpessa, Tettigoniella matanitu, Syndelphax mauritanica, Embia mazaria, Zyzzogeton mediolineata, Tettigonia medusa, Tettigonia megacephala, Haploembia melanthus, Notogryps. melanus, Hemipenthes melancholica, Tettigonia meridianalis, Sulix 458 258 12 183 183 183 183 183 254, 255 (figs.) 103-104 183 220 © (figs.), 222 183 18 183 : 183 294 (fig.), 205 ‘ 183 ‘ 10 40 286, 287 (fig.) 183 183 183 320-321 720;.27) (figs:),.29 207 (fig.), 208 : 183 59-51 microvalvus, Physoconops milletiacola, Corbettia mimica, Kolla miniaticeps, Tettigonia miniatipennis, Oncometopia minor, Tettigonia . mitra, Diedrocephala modulata, Bhooria mollicella, Tettigonia montana, Myrsidea 367, 368 (fig.), 369 (fig.), 384 (fig.), Pl. x monticola, Tettigonia mouhoti, Tettigoniella mucronatus, Cephenius multicolor, Tettigonia multilineata, Tettigonia . munda, Oncometopia mungphuensis, Kolla musgravei, Ugyops myersi, Nilaparvata Myrophenges Myrsidea nadi, Clinocera : narangi, Tachydromia nasuta, Tettigonia . neocclusa, Nothodelphax Neompyrsidella neotropicalis, Teletusa nepalensis, Platypeza . nepalensis, Spaniocelyphus nepalensis, Stenoproctus nepalensis, Tachydromia 469 434 143 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 205 185 185 185 185 10 (figs.) 25 (figs.), 26 263 339-395 102 (fig.), 108 80-81 185 254 330 185 453-454 229 (fig.), 230 84 (fig.), 85 81 nepalensis, Telmatoscopus (Mormia) 223 nepalensis, Thecophora nepalica, Senotainia (Sphixapata) nepalicum, Miltogramma (Miltogram- ma). Nepalisca Nepalometopia : nephrolepidis, Aleurotulus nicias, Sogatodes nigeriae, Aleurotuberculatus nigricans, Proconia nigrifascia, Tettigonia nigrifrons, Tettigoniella . nigrilux, Ciccus nigripes, Suillia nigra, Oligotoma Nilaparvata . nitens, Tomosvaryella notanda, Tettigonia notaticeps, Tettigonia Nothodelphax Notocixius . Notogryps Notohyus Notosimus . nuragica, Embia 409 (figs.), 410-411 (figs.), 224, 225 (figs.) 432-433 460-461 460 463 462 45, 46 (figs.) a 137 (fig.) re FOS 185 185 . 185 435, 436 (figs.) 314 (fig.), 315 er! 447, 448 (figs.) : . /185 185 253 235-246 26-28 22-24 ‘ - 204 301 (fig.), 302 470 oaxacae, Oncometopia obliqua, Aulacizes . obliquus, Ciccus obscura, Tettigonia obscurior, Phera obtectus, Celyphus obtusa, Aulacizes obtusifrons, Phera . obtusior, Tettigonia occlusa, Nothodelphax ochnaceae, Africaleurodes ochraceus, Ciccus ofella, Amblydisca . olenus, Anchodelphax Oligotoma onitshae, Aleurolobus . ophion, Notocixius opponens, Tettigonia opulenta, Tettigonia orbata, Tettigonia . INDEX 186 186 186 186 186 227 186 186 186 - F aye eed P21 (fig:); 122; 124 : ; . 186 ; <,) £00: 35 (figs.), 36 . 313-315 123 (fig.), 128, 130 245, 246 (figs.) 186 186 186 orchidea, Parasarcophaga (Parasarcophaga) 458 orientaloides, Seniorwhitea ornatipennis, Catonia . ostrina, Tettigonia . palaui, Haploembia pallens, Notocixius pallescens, Pisacha pallida, Tettigonia . pallidulus, Calbodus pallipes, Tettigonia panamensis, Aulacizes pani, Clinocera : paraguayensis, Teletusa . parallela, Proconia pardalina, Tettigonia patquianus, Calbodus . paulula, Tettigonia pectoralis, Tettigonia pelorus, Ugyops . Peliades perakensis, Tettigoniella . Peregrinus periplocae, Aleuroplatus Perkinsiella : persephone, Sardia persistans, Proconia peruviensis, Teletusa peruviensis, Oncometopia phalaesia, Aulacizes Phacalastor . philippina, Tettigonia phillyreae, Siphoninus phyllocnemis, Peliades picta, Amblyscarta picta, Tettigonia pila, Hemerodromia pileata, Tettigonia . piperata, Aulacizes. plagiata, Proconia . 460 257,258 (figs) 2) 186 321-322 ase (figs.) 186 186 251 186 . LOT, 102 (figs.), 108 d Sy, 187 187 2st, 252 (figs.) . 187 : es 1 (figs.), 1 eae 187 ; : 18 133 (fig.), 134, 135 ; 16-17 anbicie’ 187 187 187 187 17 ‘ ; os TRE 417 (figs.), 419-420 18, 19 (figs.) 187 or ROT or, 92 (figs.) oi E88 188 188 Plagiopsis planifrons, Myrophenges platense, Cixiosoma plumbea, Tettigonia postfumata, Amblydisca praestantior, Tettigonia . praeterita, Tettigonia prasina, Tettigonia. pricei, Myrsidea . primitiva, Pisacha . princeps, Baramapulana . producta, Tettigonia proletella, Alyrodes prolixa, Tettigonia prolixa, Tettigonia pronotalis, Sardia pronotalis, Kolla propinqua, Toya . proserpina australis, Tarophagus 37-38, 39 pruinosa, Tettigonia psittacella, Tettigonia ptolyca, Diestostemma pumicata, Tettigonia punctosus, Ciccus . pupula, Tettigonia : purpurascens, Tettigoniella Pseudembolophora pseudomaidis, Phacalastor quadrimacula, Tettigonia quadrinotata, Oncometopia quercus, Pealius . quinlani, Tachydromia quinquesignata, Tettigonia raja, Kolla < ramana, Tettigoniella ramburi, Embia raouli, Ugyops (Paracona) recta, Tettigonia rectemarginatus, Sarnus redacta, Tettigonia reducta, Tettigonia redundans, Tettigonia regis, Aleurocanthus regius, Myrsidea reserva, Tettigonia reservata, Tettigonia resimus, Catorthorrhinus resolubilis, Tettigonia rhadamanthus, Ugyops rhomboidalis, Sarnus Rhotala richmondensis, Tettigoniella ricini, Trialeurodes robusta, Tettigonia robustula, Tettigonia 351, 352 (18), 386 (fig.) 266 og a0d AT WAGE 188 188 188 188 188 188 188 188 404, 405 (is. Pa eS: 188 45 188 56 (fig.) 189 189 189 189 189 189 189 12 17 189 ; ; x, 189 417 (fig.), 418-19 . : ae i 190 190 : , - 190 297, 298 (fig.), 299 . 12, 13 (fig.) oO 268, 269 (figs.), 270 (figs.) 190 190 ‘ ‘ . 190 123 (fig.), 124-125 335 (fig.), 336 (figs.), 360, 361 (fig.), 383 (fig.), 388 (fig) 190 190 190 4 1 9 (fig.), 1 269 (figs) 270 (Bes) Riad! 190 158 191 IgI rohi, Myrsidea rosenbergi, Tettigoniella . rostrata pluto, Sardia . rubescens, Oncometopia . rubricollis, Tettigonia rubriguttata, Tettigonia . rufa, Tettigonia ruficaput, Tettigonia ruficauda, Tettigonia ruficeps, Tettigonia ruficeps v. deficiens, Tettigonia ruficeps v. trilineata, aeccin ruficosta, Tettigonia tufifacies, Ciccus : rufifrons, Physocephala . rufimargo, Tettigonia rufimargo v. propior, Tettigonia rufiventris, Aulacizes rufoapicata, Tettigonia rufofasciata, Tettigonia . saccharicida, Perkinsiella saeva, Haerinella sagittarius, Ciccus . ; saigusai, Acanthoclinocera . salutaris, Tettigonia salvini, Amblydisca sandaracata, Tettigoniella sanguensis, Drapetis (Elaphropeza) 69 (fig.), sanguensis, Tachydromia sanguinosa, Scaris . sanguinans, Tettigonia sarawakensis, Bhandara . Sardia . Sarnus . : satelles, Tettigonia savignyi, Embia scabiei, Myrsidea schonlandi, Tettigoniella scita, Tettigonia scitipennis, Tettigonia scotti, Plagiopsis scutellaris, Tettigonia scutellata, Proconia scutellata, Tettigonia semirasa, Tettigonia semivitta, Tettigonia separanda, Tettigonia septemguttata, Tettigonia serpa, Hemerodromia INDEX 335 (fig.), 364, 365 (fig.), 383 (fig-), 388 (fig.), Pl. 2 191 44 191 191 191 191 191 191 19I IQI I9I 192 192 432 192 192 192 192 1g2 De YZ 14, 15 (figs.) 192 102 (fig.), 103 192 192 192 193 284, 285 (fig.) 349 193 193 - 193 266, ar (figs.) 193 193 193 193 193 193 i Ok; 92 (figs.), 9 seticosta occidentalis, Proclinopyga 104, en shealsi, Tachydromia . Sicodus , : signifera, Tettigonia sikhimensis, Tettigoniella sikkimensis, Cephenius silvestrii, Embia (figs.) 77 (fig.), 78-79 74-75 194 194 206 308, 309 (fig.) similis, Tettigonia . simplex, Myrsidea sinensis, Physocephala sinuosa, Embia sistens, Tettigonia . sociata, Tettigonia Sogatella Sogatodes : solieri, Haploembia sororia, Tettigonia . ‘ spectabilis, Tettigoniella . speculifera, Proconia spiraeae, Aleurodes spumarius, Hypenella . stella, Onega . stellaris, Aulacizes . Stenomicra Stenosystatus stesilea, Diestostemma stipata, Tettigonia . subflava, Tettigonia subsignata, Tettigonia Sulix : sulphurata, Tettigoniella sultanpurensis, Myrsidea 366 (fig.), 367, 384 (fig.), 316 (fig.), 317-320 332 (fig.), 379 (fig.), 471 194 388 (fig.) 194 194 194 406 100, 101 (fig.) 194 194 211-218 251 382-384, 386 (fig.), Pl. 2 sumbaensis, Zodiomyia superflua, Tettigonia sylvanella, Tettigoniella . Syndelphax tabaci, Bemisia Tachydromia taeniata, Tettigonia tamborensis, Tettigoniella tapa, Tachydromia tapes, Amblydisca . taplejungensis, Tachydromia Tarophagus . : ‘ tasmani, Sulix teliformis, Tettigonia Temenites tenebrosa, Proconia - tenebrosus, Notocixius tenella, Tettigonia . : tephrosiae, Aleuromarginatus . teres, Tettigonia terminalis, Aulacizes terminalis, Diestostemma terminalis, Proconia Terthron testaceus, Ciccus ; testudinaria, Tettigonia . thalia, Tettigoniella thea, Tettigoniella . thimbron, Acrodelphax thoracica, Myrsidea 140, 141, 412 (figs.), 413, 414 - 39,40 (figs.), 41 330 (fig.), 333 (figs.), 434 195 195 48 I 195 239, 24 (gs. 196 129 (fig.), 131 ‘ . 196 196 196 196 55-56 196 196 196 196 341 (fig.), 342, 343 (fig-), 344, 345 (fig.), 346, 387 (fig.), Pl. 1 472 INDEX Thrasymemnon . ; : . 43-44 Thymalops . : ; i : 20-21 tigrina, Kolla : : ‘ : 3 "FOO timorensis, Tettigoniella . . ‘ ee <6) tissa, Abana . ‘ E : , . 196 tolosa, Tettigoniella js ; 4 1 %t96 tomentosa, Oncometopia . i 196 Toya . ‘ : ; "56-57 transfuga, Tettigonia P ; : ) ADOT triopas, Izella 41, 42 (figs.), 43 tripars, Tettigonia . : : : as ILO triplaga, Aulacizes . ; : E i 297 tripuncta, Tettigonia : « | 1907 trispina, Aleurocanthus 125- 126, 127 (fig.) trivirgata, Tettigonia . : . 1097 Tropidocephala 3 f ; 12-13 tunetana, Embia . ‘ : 5 . 286 tunicata, Tettigonia : : ; . £07 typicus, Angulus_ . : 3 2 EOF tyrrhenica, Embia . 295, 296 (fig.) Ugyops . . 6-12 ukhalo, Drapetis (Elaphropeza) 6 71 ulla, Tettigoniella . 197 undecimmaculata, Tettigonia : ; fe BLOT, uniguttata, Tettigonia . 5 +) 07, uralo, Drapetis (Elaphropeza) : 5 OO valdiviana, Rhotala 255, 256 (figs.) valdiviensis, Cixius. - ; ce eae vallonia, Tettigoniella . ; : » » 167 vaporariorum, Trialeurodes 421 (fig.), 423 varia, Myrsidea 335 (fig.), 362, 363 (fig.), 383 (fig.), 388 (fig.), Pl. 2 velutina, Tettigonia % - x <(akOF venosula, Oncometopia . ‘ P -. 198 vesicularis, Conops ‘ ‘ : << AA vesta, Kolla . : ‘ ‘ nye $08 vetranio, Sulix 53 (figs.), 54 virescens, Oncometopia . : : eke virgaticeps, Tettigonia . : ; . 198 viridescens, Tettigonia . 4 . . 198 viridivittata, Aulacizes . ‘ ; ~», 268 vittifrons, Tettigonia : ‘ ; . 198 vrijdaghii, Africaleurodes , : cay SOA Vulgidea. : : . 3 «4330 wallacei, Tettigoniella . ‘ 4 xyes wetterensis, Tettigoniella : : . 198 whiteheadi, Tettigoniella , : «GS willeyi, Tettigonia . : : . 198 williamsi, Filicaleyrodes 415 (fig.), 416 xiphias, Idiosemus . . ‘ : oi BSI zea, Diedrocephala : : a: OS zimmermanni, Pogonaleyrodes . 153 (figs.), 154-155 P E ' r a4 ‘ fe F \ \ t ; j ‘ae 1 ies 7 os oth en cl . 4 i , , ' ‘ x ' ‘ - i 7 , - < ae 7 of H , oe . ‘i ee y rm be : d 4 \ : al “U Dy + A "s e “a i | 1 ' a. : r fi Siaite t e 7 ah * A . \ < ~ H : - ; ae) ; - . 4 - =| 4 - + y ri , v ) x ' ie . ° 2 DF : * Bs My F ‘ . a: oi - Ae 5 _. 7 :* ee he , A LIST OF SUPPLEMENTS TO THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SERIES OF THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) . Masner, L. The types of Proctotrupoidea (Hymenoptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) and in the Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford. Pp. 143. February, 1965. 5. . Nrxon, G. E. J. A reclassification of the tribe Microgasterini (Hymenoptera : Braconidae). Pp. 284; 348 Text-figures. August, 1965. 6. . Watson, A. A revision of the Ethiopian Drepanidae (Lepidoptera). Pp. 177; 18 plates, 270 Text-figures. August, 1965. {4 4s. . Sanps, W. A. A revision of the Termite Subfamily Nasutitermitinae (Isoptera, Termitidae) from the Ethiopian Region. Pp. 172; 500 Text-figures. October, 1965. £355. . AHMAD,I. The Leptocorisinae (Heteroptera: Alydidae) of the World. Pp. 156; 475 Text-figures. November, 1965. {£2 I5s. . Oxapa,T. Dipterafrom Nepal. Cryptochaetidae, Diastatidae & Drosophilidae. In press. 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