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HOSE?

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

EDITED BY
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT.

eee DD EE
ae conian ines: rw
/o gxnsomian Ing tity

iva N
'd, \,
LA 4

VOLUME XXVIL. ry ]
SESSION 1910-1911. \ ong! Nysew A”

EON D ON,:

WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN.

AUGUST 1911.

ALERE (©) FLAMMAM.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,

PREFACE,

Tue number of attendances at the Meetings of the British
Ornithologists’ Club during the 19th Session, 1910-1911,
was 396 (this included 318 Members and 78 Visitors),
showing an average of 44 per Meeting, a number which
agrees exactly with that of the previous Session.

By the death of Captain G. E. Shelley the Club has lost a
valued and popular Member, whose well-known works and
papers on the Birds of Africa have added so much to the
present state of our knowledge.

The present volume contains descriptions of a large
number of new species and subspecies of birds, including
most of those discovered by the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch
New Guinea. Important communications on Australian
birds have been received from Mr. G. M. Mathews, on
African birds from Mr. G. L. Bates, Dr. E. Hartert and
Mr. F. J. Jackson, and on South American birds from
Mr. Hellmayr and others. Many interesting questions on
changes of plumage, &c. have been discussed at the various

Meetings.

Among the novelties described during 1910-11 we must
not omit to mention the three new forms of Irish birds,
one of which, the Irish Coal-Titmouse, is described in this

volume.

The exhibition of Lantern-slides which was held at the

March Meeting was better than on the previous occasion.
a2

IV

Dr. F. G. Penrose showed a very remarkable series of
slides in natural colours, taken on Lumiere autochrome
plates, while a series of cinematograph-pictures taken by
Dr. Eric Marshall gave a realistic idea of the camp-life on
the Mimika River in Dutch New Guinea, and proved
especially interesting.

(Signed) W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT,

Editor.
August 11th, 1911.

RULES

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

(As amended, December 14th, 1910.)

I. This Club was founded for the purpose of facilitating the
social intercourse of Members of the British Ornithologists’
Union. Any Ordinary Member of that Union can become
a Member of this Club on payment (to the Treasurer) of an
entrance fee of One Pound and a subscription of Five Shillings
for the current Session. Resignation of the Union involves
resignation of the Club.

II. Members who have not paid their subscriptions before
the last Meeting of the Session, shall cease, ipso facto, to be
Members of the Club, but may be reinstated on payment of
arrears, and a new entrance fee.

III. Ordinary Members of the British Ornithologists’
Union may be introduced as Visitors at the Meetings of
the Club, but every Member of the Club who introduces
a Member of the B. O. U. as a Visitor (to the dinner or
to the Meeting afterwards) shall pay One Shilling to the
Treasurer, on each occasion.

IV. No gentleman shall be allowed to attend the Meetings
of the Club as a guest on more than three occasions during

any single Session.

Wil

V. The Club shall meet, as a rule, on the Second
Wednesday in every Month, from October to June inclusive,
at, such hour and place as may be arranged by the Committee.
At these Meetings papers upon ornithological subjects shall
be read, specimens exhibited, and discussion invited.

VI. An Abstract of the Proceedings of the B. O.C. shall
be printed as soon as possible after each Meeting, under the
title of the ‘Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club,’
and distributed gratis to every Member who has paid his
subscription. Copies of this Bulletin shall be published and
sold at One Shilling each.

VII. The affairs of this Club shall be managed by a
Committee, to consist of the Editors of ‘ The Ibis, the Editor
of the ‘ Bulletin,’ and the Secretary and Treasurer, ex officio;
with three other Members, one of whom shall be changed
every year. The Committee shall have power to make and
alter Bye-laws.

COMMITTEE 1909-1910.

P. L. Scrater, F.R.S., Editor of ‘The Ibis,’ Chairman.
W. R. Ocitrviz-Grant, Editor of the ‘ Bulletin’

H. F. Wiruersy, Secretary and Treasurer.

A. H. Evans, Editor of ‘ The Ibis’

Hon. L. W. Rotuscuitp, Vice-Chairman.

D. Seru-Smiru.

Wi i. ScruarEr.

LIST OF MEMBERS.

JUNE 1911.
eee

Artin, Otiver Vernon; Bloxham, Banbury, Oxon.

Arunpzt, Major W. B.; High Ackworth, Pontefract.

Baur, P. H.; Stockhurst Farm, Oxted, Surrey.

Baxer, E. C. Sruarr; care of Messrs. H.S. King & Co., 65 Cornhill,
EC.

Baxer, Dr. J. C.; Ceely House, Aylesbury.

Bannerman, Davin A.; 11 Washington House, Basil Street, §.W.

Barctay, Huew Gorney; Colney Hall, Norwich.

Barrerr-Hamitton, Major Grratp E. H.; Kilmanock House,
Arthurstown, Co. Waterford.

Barrineton, Ricuarp Mantirre; Fassaroe, Bray, Co. Wicklow.

Beaumont, Water Issorson; 1 Osborne Place, Plymouth.

Bicxurron, W.; The Hawthorns, Marlboro’ Road, Watford.

Biowett, E.; 1 Trig Lane, Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.

Braauw, F. E., C.M.Z.S. ; Gooilust, s’\Graveland, Noord-Holland.

Bonuore, Joun Lewis; Gadespring Lodge, Hemel Hempstead, Herts.

Boorman, 8.; Heath Farm, Send, Woking, Surrey.

Boots, H. B.; ‘“ Ryhill,” Ben Rhydding.

Borrer, C. D.: 6 Durham Place, Chelsea, 8. W.

Braprorp, Dr. J. Rost, F.R.S.; 8 Manchester Square, W.

Briees, T. H.; Rock House, Lynmouth, R.S.O., Devon.

Bristowe, B. A.; The Cottage, Stoke D’Abernon, Cobham, Surrey.

BrockHotes, W. Firzarrsert; Claughton-on-Brock, Garstang,
Lancashire. .

Bucxiey, O. M.; 14 Hans Crescent, 8.W.

Bunyarp, P. F.; 57 Kidderminster Road, Croydon.

Burrress, B. A. E.; Craft Hill, Dry Drayton, Cambridge.

Buxton, AntHony ; Knighton, Buckhurst Hill, Essex.

VIII

Camprett, CO. W.; British Legation, Peking.

Carrol, Clement Josep; Rocklow, Fethard, Co. Tipperary, Ireland.

Carman, ApeL; Houxty, Wark-on-Tyne.

Cuvss, CHartEs; British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell
Road, 8.W.

Crarke, Capt. Gotanp van Horr, 1).8.0.; Brook House, Hayward’s
Heath, Sussex.

Crarke, Col. SrepHmnson Ropert; Borde Hill, Cuckfield, Sussex.

CrarKke, Witttam EKaete; Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh.

Corrs, Ricuarp Enwarp; Ashley Arnewood, Lymington, Hants.

Cottier, CHartes; Bridge House, Culmstock, Devon.

Crossman, Anan F.; care of F. Sharman, 47 Goldington Road,
Bedford.

Crow ey, J. C.; 5 Beech House Road, Croydon.

CrowLey, Reeinatp A.; Foord’s Farm, Vines Cross, Heathfield,
Sussex.

Curtis, Freprrick, F.R.C.S.; Alton House, Redhill, Surrey.

Date LeisH, Joun J.; Brankston Grange, Bogside Station, Alloa, N.B.

Davis, K. J. A.; Julian Hill, Harrow.

Davison, J.; 32 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh.

Dz Winton, W. E.; Southover Hall, Burwash, Sussex. :

Dossiz, James B.; 12 South Inverleith Avenue, Edinburgh.

Doniz, Witt1amM Hewry, M.R.C.S. ; 2 Hunter Street, Chester.

Dresser, Henry Estes; 110 Cannon Street, H.C.

Drewirt, Dr. F. D.; 14 Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, W.

Durron, Rev. & Hon. Canon; Bibury, Fairford.

Harte, Epwarp V.; Franks, Farningham, Kent.

Exiior, Epmunp A. 8., M.R.C.S. ; Woodville, Kingsbridge, 8. Devon.

Exuison, Rev. Attan; Althorpe Rectory, Doncaster.

Etwus, Henry Jonny, F.R.S.; Colesborne Park, Cheltenham.

Evans, ARTHUR Humstz, M.A.; 9 Harvey Road, Cambridge.

Ewen, Guy L’Esrranes; 1 Claremont Road, Windsor.

Fansuawe, Captain R. D.; Adbury Holt, Newbury, Berks.

Frytixson, Horacr W.; Lancing College, Shoreiam-on-Sea, Sussex.

Fry, Frank; 35 St. George’s Rodd, Regent’s Park, N.W.

Frower, Capt. 8. 8.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt.

Fornes, Henry Occ, LL.D.; 46° Leinster Square, Bayswater, W.

Fosrer, Nevin H.; Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland.

Fow.er, W. Warot, M.A.; Lincoln College, Oxford.

Frouawk, FP. W.; Ashmount, Rayleigh, Mssex.

Ix

GarnsporoveH, The Earl of; Exton Park, Oakham.

Garnett, Cuartes; 9 Cleveland Gardens, Hyde Park, W.

GuerarD, Joun; Worsley, Manchester.

Gisson, Ernest; 25 Cadogan Place, S.W.

Gittmay, A. R.; Heath Vale, Farnham, Surrey.

Gitroy, Norman; Seaford, Sussex.

Guenconner, The Lord ; 34 Queen Anne’s Gate, 8S.W.

Govman, Freperick DuCanz, D.C.L., F.R.S. (President B.O.U.) ;
45 Pont Street, 8.W.

Goopatt, J. M.; 52 Oxford Gardens, North Kensington, W.

Goopcuitp, H.; 66 Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park, N.W.

GoopreLtow, Water; Mont Fleuri, Southborne Grove, Bourne-
mouth.

Gouxrp, F. H. Carruruers; Matham Manor House, East Molesey.

Grey, Sir Epwarp, Bart., M.P.; Falloden, Christon Bank, Nor-
thumberland.

GrirritH, Arraur F.; 59 Montpelier Road, Brighton.

Gurney, G. H.; Keswick Hall, Norwich.

Gurney, JoHN Henry; Keswick Hall, Norwich.

Haiexn, Georcze Henry Caron; Grainsby Hall, Great Grimsby,
Lincolnshire.

Hatz, Rev. James R.; Boxley Vicarage, Maidstone, Kent.

Harineton, Major H. H.; 92nd Punjabis, Mandalay, Upper Burma.

Hanrrert, Ernst, Ph.D.; The Museum, Tring, Herts.

Harviz-Brown, Joun A.; Dunipace House, Larbert, Stirlingshire,
IN

Hawxer, R. M.; Bath Club, Dover Street, W.

Heavtry, F. W.; Haileybury College, Hertfordshire.

Hupeus, G. Mircuert; 42 Kensington Park Gardens, W.

Hetimayr, C. E.; Zoologische Sammlung des Staats, Alte Akademie,
Munchen, Germany.

Herr, G. Seccompz; 8 Wimpole Street, W.

Horsrietp, Herpert Kyieur; Crescent Hill, Filey, Yorkshire.

Howarp, Rosert James; Shearbank, Blackburn, Lancashire,

Ineram, Cottryewoup; Sussex Mansions, Westgate-on-Sea.

Jackson, F. J., C.B., C.M.G.; The Red House, Aldeburgh, Suffolk.

Jones, Major H.; East Wickham House, Welling, Kent.

Joes, Staff-Surgeon Knnnera H., h.N.; Manor House, St. Stephens,
Canterbury.

Jourparn, Rey. F, C. R.; Clifton Vicarage, Ashburne, Derbyshire.

x

Joy, Norman H.; Thurlestone, Bradfield, near Reading.

Ketso, J. E. H., M.D.; Holmwood, Hayling Island, Hants.

Kiyyear, Norman B.; Bombay Natural History Society.

La Toucue, J. D.; c/o Custom House, Chin Kiang, China.

Lariptaw, THomas Geppzs; Bank of Scotland Branch, Duns, N.B.

Laneron, Hersert; St. Moritz, 61 Dyke Road, Brighton.

Lascettus, Hon. Geratp; King’s House, Lyndhurst, Hants.

Le Sovir, D.; Zoological Society, Melbourne, Australia.

Lopsx, G. K.; 5 Thurloe Studios, Thurloe Square, 8. Kensington,
S.W.

Lone, Sypney H., M.D.; 37 St. Giles’ Street, Norwich.

Lowr, Dr. P, R.; care of Sir Frederic Johnstone, Bart., The Hatch,
Windsor.

Loyp, Lt.-Colonel Arraur Purvis; Hurst Lodge, Sunningdale.

Lucas, The Lord; 33 Grosvenor Road, 8.W.

Lynes, Commander Huserr, R.N.; Garthmeilio, Corwen.

McConnett, F. V.; Camfield, Hatfield.

‘ Macmiiian, G. A.; 27 Queen’s Gate Gardens, S.W.

Macmiiuan, W. E. F.; 27 Queen’s Gate Gardens, 8.W.

Macpuerson, Antuur Hotre; 54 Cleveland Square, Hyde Park, W.

Maeratu, Major H. A. F.; 5lst Sikhs, F.F., Peshawur, India.

Marsnatz, A. McLean; Great Chitcombe, Brede, Sussex,

MarsHatz, James McLean; Bleaton Hallet, Blairgowrie, N.B.

Mason, Colonel E. 8.; 10 Lindum Terrace, Lincoln.

Marunws, G. M.; Langley Mount, Watford.

Maxwett, Rt.-Hon. Sir Herpert E., Bart., P.C., F.R.S.; Monreith,
Whauphill, Wigtownshire.

Meape-Waxrpo, Epmonp Gustavus BrLoomrigeLp; Stonewall Park,
Edenbridge, Kent.

Mitzais, Joun Guittz; Comptons Brow, Horsham.

Mitts, Rev. H. Hotroyp; The Rectory, St. Stephen-in-Brannell,
Grampound Road, Cornwall.

Monro, H. C., C.B.; Queen Anne’s Mansions, 8.W.

Munn, P. W.; The Green, Laverstoke, Whitchurch, Hants.

Mont, Henry; 10 Ashburn Place, South Kensington, 8.W.

Mosters, J. P. C.; Annesley Park, Nottingham.

Nesuam, Roperr; Utrecht House, Queen’s Road, Clapham Park,
S.W.

Nexson, T. H.; Seafield, Redcar, Yorks.

Neumann, Oscar; Nollendorfplatz 2, Berlin, W.

xI

Newman, T. H.; Newlands, Harrowdene Road, Wembley,
Middlesex.

Nicuors, J. B.; Parliament Mansions, Victoria Street, S.W.

Nicuotson, F.; The Knoll, Windermere.

Nicott, Mrcuant J.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt.

Ogitvis, Frrevs Menrerra ; The Shrubbery, 72 Woodstock Road,
Oxford.

Oertvie-Grant, W. R. (Zditor) ; British Museum (Natural History),
Cromwell Road, 8.W.

OxtpHam, Caas.; Kelvin, Boxwell Road, Berkhamsted, Herts.

Parry, THomas; Fairseat, High Wickham, Hastings.

Parrerson, Wittiam H.; 25 Queen’s Gate Gardens, S.W.

Puarsz, TarEp; Mentmore, Ampthill Road, Bedford.

Pearson, Coartes Epwarp; Hillcrest, Lowdham, Nottingham.

Prarson, Henry J.; Bramcote, Beeston, Notts.

Prnrosz, Francis G., M.D.; Wick House, Downton, Salisbury.

Parties, K. Lorr; 79 Cadogan Square, 8.W.

Pieort, Sir Thomas Diesy, C.B.; The Lodge, Lower Sheringham.

Prayer, W. J. P.; The Quarr, Clydach, R.S.O., Glamorganshire.

Poruam, Huen Lerypornz; Hunstrete House, Pensford, near
Bristol.

Price, A. E.; 61 Great Cumberland Place, W.

Proctor, Major F. W.; Downfield, Maidenhead.

Pycrarr, W. P.; British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell
Road, S.W.

Rarcrirr, F. R.; 24 Lancaster Gate, Hyde Park, W.

Rawson, Hersert Evetyny; Comyn Hill, Ilfracombe.

Reap, Ropert H.; Camelot, South Parade, Bedford Park, W.

Re, Capt. Savitz G. (late R.E.); The Elms, Yalding, Maidstone.

Renaut, W. E.; 192 Belsize Road, Hampstead, N.W.

Ricamonp, H. W.; King’s College, Cambridge.

tickert, C. B.; 13 St. Paul’s Road, Clifton, Bristol.

Rippon, Colonel G. ; 89th Punjabis, Mandalay, Upper Burma.

Riviere, B. B., F.R.C.S.; St. Giles’ Plain, Norwich.

Rosryson, H. C.; Holmfield, Aigburth, Liverpool.

AotHscHILD, Hon. L. Water, Ph.D., M.P.; The Museum, Tring,
Herts.

Rorascuitp, Hon, N. Cuartes; Arundel House, Kensington Palace
Gardens, W.

Russect, Conran; 2 Audley Square, W.

XII

Sr. Quintin, W. H.; Scampston Hall, Rillington, Yorkshire.

SapswortH, Arno~tp Duver; Royal Societies Club, St. James's
Street, S.W.

SarcEaunt, ARTHUR St. Grorce; Exbury, Padstow, Cornwall.

Sarcent, James; 76 Jermyn Street, St. James’s, 8. W.

Saunpers, W. H. Rapcrirre ; 91 York Street, Westminster, 8. W.

Scuwann, Grorrrey; 4 Prince’s Gardens, 8.W.

Scawann, Harorp; 45 Brompton Square, S.W.

Scrarer, Putri Lurrey, D.8c., F.R.S. (Chairman) ; Odiham Priory,
Winchfield, Hants; and Athenzeum Club, London, 8.W.

Scrarer, Witrram Lurtey; 10 Sloane Court, 8.W.

Sexous, Freperick Courrenry ; Heatherside, Worplesdon, Surrey.

Seru-Sauirn, Davin; 34 Elsworthy Road, South Hampstead, N.W.

Suarman, Frepertc; 47 Goldington Road, Bedford.

Sparrow, Major R.; Rookwoods, Sible Hedingham, Essex.

Sranrorp, EK. Fraser; 9 Cumberland House, Kensington Court, W.

Srarzs, J. W. C.; Portchester, Hants.

Srennouss, J. H., M.B., R.N.; Royal Hospital School, Greenwich,
S.E.

Sruppy, Colonel Rozerr Wrieut; Waddeton Court, Brixham,
Devon.

Sryan, F. W.; Ben Craig, Bayham Road, Sevenoaks.

SwryHoe, Colonel C.; 6 Gunterstone Road, W. Kensington, W.

Swynnerton, C. F. Masuy; 12 Aynhce Mansions, 8.W.

Terry, Major Horace A.; The Lodge, Upper Halliford, Shepperton.

Trorsurn, ArcHiBALp ; High Leybourne, Hascombe, Godalming,

Trcrnurst, Craup B., M.B.; Grove House, Lowestoft, Suffolk.

Ticrnurst, N. F., F.R.C.S. ; 35 Pevensey Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

Townsend, R. G.; Buckholt, Dean, Salisbury.

Trevor-Bartyz, Ausyn B. R.; 63 St. James’s Street, S.W.

Tyrwuitt-Draxr, Hues G.; Cobtree, Sandling, Maidstone.

Urcuur, Henry Morris; Sheringham Hall, Sheringham, R.8.0.

Ussuzr, R. J.; Cappagh House, Cappagh, 8.0., Co. Waterford.

Vavenan, Lt.-Comm. Rozsert E.; H.M. Coastguard, Lynn,
Norfolk.

Watus, H. M.; Ashton Lodge, Christchurch Road, Reading.

Watton, Major H., I.M.S.; care of Messrs. King, King & Co.,
Post Box 110, Bombay.

Warptaw-Ramsay, Colonel R. G.; Whitehill, Rosewell, Mid-
Lothian, N.B.

XIII

Warxins, Watkin ; 33 Evelyn Gardens, 8.W.

Waurraxer, Josreu I. 8.; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily.

Waite, 8. J.; Oakwood, Crayford, Kent.

Wuitrnnad, Captain C. H. T.; Deighton Grove, York.

Wauymerr, Cuartes; 11 Orange Street, Haymarket, S.W.

Witxinson, Jounson ; St. George’s Square, Huddersfield, Yorkshire.

Witson, Coartes Josepa; 34 York Terrace, N.W.

Witson, Dr. EK. A.; Westal, Cheltenham.

Wutson, Scorr B.; Heather Bank, Weybridge Heath, Surrey.

Wirnersy, Harry F. (Secretary and Treasurer) ; 326 High Holborn,
W.C.

Wiruerineton, G.; Aberlash, Sonning, Reading.

Wottaston, A. F. R.; 31 Argyll Mansions, King’s Road, Chelsea,
Saw

Workman, Witt1am Hueuus; Lismore, Windsor, Belfast.

[Members are requested to keep the Secretary informed of
any changes in their addresses. |

LIST OF AUTHORS

AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO.

AxpwortH, T. P. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

Baur, P. H. Remarks on the status of Fijian birds, 102-103,
BaNNERMAN, D. A. Description of a new species, Bradyornis granti,
from South-western Abyssinia, 84-85.
Barres, G. L. Exhibition and description of two new species of birds
from Cameroon, Glaucidium pycrafti and Diaphorophyia tonsa,
85-86.
Bickerton, W. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 70-78.
BroweE LL, E. Announcement of the death of Captain G. E. Shelley, 34.
Exhibition of a photograph of fragments of an egg of the Great
Auk (Plautus tmpennis), 40.
——. Exhibition of adark example of the Peregrine (Falco peregrinus),
108.
Bonnore, J. L. Remarks on Mr. Bunyard’s exhibition of eggs, 18-19.
——. Remarks on Cormorants, 26.
——. Remarks on the hen-like plumage of a male Black Grouse, 81-82.
Exhibition of, and remarks upon, some feathers taken from the
head of the Water-Rail, 82.
Remarks on the sequence of nestling-plumages in the Hagle-Owl,
82-83.
Exhibition of an example of the Continental Blue Titmouse
(Parus ceruleus ceruleus), 101.
Borrer, CiirForp. Exhibition of two rare British visitors (Antheus
campestris and Sylvia nisoria), obtained in Norfolk, 16.
——. LExhibition of clutches of egos of the Crossbill, 61.
—. KExhibition of a specimen of the Greater Black-backed Gull
with a wooden stake projecting from its breast, 78.
B. O. U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea: exhibition of cinematograph-
slides taken by Dr, Eric Marshall, 69.
Bunyarp, P. F. Exhibition of a series of eggs, including abnormally
marked examples, 17.

——. Exhibition of eggs of the Cuckoo with those of the foster-
parents, 40,

XVI

Bunyarp, P. F. Exhibition of a clutch of eggs and down of a Common
Hider-Duck from a semi-albino female, 40.

——. [Exhibition and notes on eggs of several species of birds, 48-49.

——. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Cressbill, 60.

CaRRoL., C. J. Exhibition of some remarkable plumage-varieties of
various species of birds, 50.

——. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 59-60.

Cuuss,C. On behalf of Mr. F. V. McConnell, exhibition of an example
of Micrastur guerilla from British Guiana, 29.

——. Exhibition and description of a new species of bird (Upucerthia
tamucoensis) from 8. Chile, 101.

Committee, Election of, 2.

Crossbills, Exhibition of nests and eggs of, 58-61.

Dossiz, J. B. Remarks on Mr. Bunyard’s exhibit of eggs of Parus
major, 49-50.

Farren, W. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 75-74.
Frouawk, F. W. Remarks on Cormorants, 25-26,

Goopatt, J. M. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

GoopFELLow, WALTER. On his return from New Guinea, 66.

GrirFfitH, A. F. Exhibition of a male and female example of the
Sociable Plover (Chettusia gregaria) obtained between Rye and
Winchelsea, 28-29.

——. Exhibition of an adult male example of the Grey- backed
Warbler (Aédon familiaris) shot at Ninfield, Sussex, 29.

—. Remarks on a great flight of Rooks at Orpington, Kent, 29.

——. Exhibition of a specimen of the Sooty Tern (Sterna fuliginosa)
captured to the east of Brighton, 95.

Gurney, J. H. Exhibition of two Seventeenth Century prints of the
Bass Rock, from Sleezer’s ‘ Theatrum Scotiz,’ 57-58.

Hat, Rey. J. R. Exhibition of a remarkable variety of the Robin
shot at Dunvegan, Isle of Skye, 48.

——. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

—. Remarks on the variation in the size, material, and situation of
the nest of the Crossbill, 61.

Harineton, Major H. H. Descriptions of two new species of birds,
Actinodura radcliffei and Pomatorhinus rippont, 9-10,
Hartert, E. Exhibition and descriptions of three new species and
subspecies of birds :—Cvsticola flowert, Cinnyris zenobia buru-

ensis, and Calandrella minor aharoni, 12-18,

:
'
;

XVII

Hartert, E. WExhibition and description of two new subspecies
of birds, Ammomanes deserti whitakert and Munia caniceps
kumustt, 46-47.

Heitimayr, C. HE. Description of a new species of Tanager (Calospiza
huberr) from N. Brazil, 84-35.

——. Correction in his description of Calospiza hubert, 50.

——. Descriptions of two new races of Humming-birds (Phaéth-
ornis yaruqui sanctijohannis and P. superciliosus muelleri), 92-

95.

IrEDALE, Tom. A new generic name, Mathewsia, for the “ Aus-
tralian Crane,” 47.

——. Description of a new subspecies of bird from W, Australia
(Cincloramphus rufescens mathewst), 97-98.

Jackson, F, J. Descriptions of six new species of birds from East
Africa :—Estrilda pallidior, Cinnyris sheppardi, Prinia inter-
media, Alethe kikuyuensis, Argya keniana, and Bradypterus
macrorhynchus, 6-8.

JouRDAIN, Rey. F. C. R. Exhibition of a small series of clutches of
egos of Certhia familiaris and C. brachydactyla, 27.

——. Exhibition of eggs from Cyprus, 27-28.

——. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Long-tailed
Titmouse (4igithalus caudatus italia) from Italy, 39.

——. I[xhibition of a clutch of three eges of the large Kastern form of

Bewick’s Swan (Cygnus bewicki jankowskiv) from Oktotsk, 58.

Exhibition of clutches of eges of the Crossbill, 61.

Joy, N. H. Exhibition of smooth stones and beetles found in nests of
Gulls and various species of birds, 78.

4

Lopez, R. B. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 73.

McConnett, F. V. See C. Couns.

——. Description of new species and subspecies of birds from British
Guiana (Neopipo helene and Rhynchocyclus olivaceus yuianensis) ,
105-106.

Matuews, G. M. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of
Creeper (Climacteris rufa obscura) from Warren River, S.W.
Australia, 16.

——. Exhibition and description of a new species of Ground-bird
(Ctnelosoma alisteri) from West Australia, 16-17.

—-. Ixhibition of a new subspecies of Weaver - Finch (Munia
castaneothorax assimilis), 28.

WOLs isk ViLUs b

XVIII

Maruews, G. M. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies
of Parroquet (Platycercus venustus hilli) from Broom Bay,
N.W. Australia, 28.

——. Description of a new subspecies of Shearwater (Puffinus chloro-
rhynchus tredal) from Sunday Island, Kermadecs, 40.

——. Remarks on Lopsaltria hilli, Campbell, believed to be the female
of Pachycephala melanura, 41.

——. Ona new subspecies of Grass-Wren (Amytornis striatus owenr)
from W. Australia, 48.

——. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Owl (Ninox
humeralis queenslandica) from N. Queensland, 62.

——. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of ‘“ Squeaker ”
(Aphelocephala leucopsis pallida), 62.

——. Description of a new subspecies of Grass-Finch (Poéphila per-
sonata belcheri) from N.W. Australia, 68.

——. Exhibition and description of two new subspecies of Australian
birds (Rhipidura albiscapa alistert and Pomatostomus super-
ciliosus ashby?), 87.

——. Remarks on Poéphila auranturostris, North, 95.

——. Descriptions of new species and subspecies of Australian birds :—
Meliornis nigra dulciet, Acanthiza albiventris hamiltoni, and
Acanthiza wredalei, 96-97.

——. On a new name, Acanthiza morgan, for A. tenuirostris, Zeitz,
Sie

——. Descriptions of six new species and subspecies of Australian
birds :—Piezorhynchus nitidus wardelli, Diaphorillas striatus
howet, Coracina melanops tasmanica, Myzomela obscura harterti,
Artamus tregellasi, and Butorides rogerst, 99-101.

MrapE-Watpo, EH. G. B. Remarks on the breeding of the Kite in
Wales and appeal for financial assistance, 8-9.

——, Remarks on Puffinus gravis, 22.

——. An account of a visit to Algeria and remarks on some of the
birds observed, 90-91.

Meanrs, C. StantEy. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill,
69.

Miniars, J. G. Exhibition of an adult male Black Grouse (Lyrurus
tetriv) which had partially assumed the plumage of the female,
54.

——, Exhibition of an adult male hybrid Pheasant (Phastanus colehicus
x P. torquatus) which had partially assumed the plumage of
the female, 54.

——. Remarks on the partial summer-plumage of the male Red Grouse,
55-56.

Munr, H. Exhibition of a nest and a clutch of five eggs of the Emperor
Goose (Philacte eanayica) taken at Goodness Bay, Alaska, 48.

xIxX

Nicout, M. J. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Bee-

eater (Merops viridis cleopatra) from Egypt, 11-12.
Exhibition and remarks on some mummified birds from Luxor, 91.
Exhibition of some birds new to the avifauna of Egypt, 91-92.
Exhibition of three female examples of the Redstart which had
assumed a plumage similar to that of the male, 92.

Oarttvir-Grant, W. R. Announcement that H.M. Government had

granted £4000 towards the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New
Guinea, and remarks on the progress of the Expedition, 5-6.

Exhibition of a species of Bower-Bird which he believed to be
the hitherto unknown female of Chlamydodera lauterbachi, 10.

Description of a new species of Crombec (Sylviella chubbi) from
N.W. Rhodesia, 10-11.

Exhibition of an example of the Blue-winged Teal (Querquedula
discors) shot in Co. Cork, 15-16.

Exhibition of a series of skins of Phalacrocorax carbo showing
all the stages of plumage between the young bird in down and
the adult in full breeding-plumage, 22-25, 27.

Exhibition and description of a new species of Flycatcher (S¢izo-
rhina grandis) from Gazi, British East Africa, 30.

Remarks on the New Guinea Expedition (Mr. Walter Good-
fellow invalided home), 31.

Exhibition and description of a new species of Coal-Titmouse
(Parus hibernicus) from Ireland, 36-37.

Exhibition of a series of Harlequin Ducks showing the eclipse
plumage of the male, 38-39.

Editorial note on Mr. Meek’s visit to Dutch New Guinea, 36.

A new name (Carpodacus formosanus) for the Formosan Rose-
Finch, 50-51.

Remarks on three male hybrid Pheasants which had partially

assumed the piumage of the female, 54.

Remarks on the plumage of the Red Grouse, 56-57.

Iixhibition of a new species of Flycatcher (Tursiger elgonensis)
from British East Africa, 57.

On the Crossbill nesting in Ireland, 59.

Exhibition of the very rare Bird-of-Paradise (Xanthomelus
ardens) obtained by the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New
Guinea, 66-67.

Exhibition of a new species of Parrot (Cyclopsittacus godmant)
from the Upper Mimika River, 67-68.

Exhibition and remarks on the Black Grouse in various stages
of plumage, 80-81.

On a new species of Parroquet (Aprosmictus wilhelmine) from
Dutch New Guinea, 83-84.

XX

Ocrivie-Grant, W. R. Exhibition of examp’es of two rare species of
Fruit-Pigeon procured by the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch
New Guinea, 84.

——. ltemarks on the dark example of the Peregrine exhibited by
Mr. Bidwell, 103.

——. Exhibition of examples of two rare species of birds (Campochera
sloetu and Pycnopyyius stictocephalus) from Dutch New Guinea,
104.

—-. Description of two new species of birds (Columba stalkert and
Piezorhynchus wells) from Ceram, 104-105.

——. Description of a new species of Crombec (Sylviella lowei) from
West Africa, 105.

Penrose, Dr. F.G. Exhibition of a copy of the Report of the Migration
Committee (Bull. B. O.C. xxvi.), 30.

——. Appeal to Members for financial assistance for the Migration
Report, 41.

——. Ixhibition of lantern-slides, 68-69.

Proctor, Major F. W. Beyitien of a clutch of eggs of the Greenish
Willow-Warbler (Phylloscopus viridanus), 16.

Pycrarr, W. P. Ona male Pheasant assuming female plumage, 55.

Short account of his investigations relating to the down-plumage

of the Barn-Owl (Strix flammea), 58.

—-. IJxhibition of a drawing of the head of Gould’s Harrier (Circus

assimilis) showing the aperture of the ear, 58.

Reap, R. H. Exhibition of an example of a pale variety of the Robin
found dead in Somersetshire, 62.

——. Exhibition of some unusually coloured eggs of the Chaflinach,

62-63.

Exhibition of lantern-slides, 74-75.

_ Renavut, W. E. Exhibition of clutches of eges of the Crossbill, 60.

Roruscuinp, Hon. Watrer. Exhibition and description of a new
subspecies of Bower-bird (Amblyornis subalaris germanus),
from the Rawlinson Mts., German New Guinea, 13-14.

——. Exhibition ofa skin of Ce realli Jacksoni obtained by Herr Rudolf
Grauer near Lake Tanganyika, 14.

——. Exhibition of two varieties of the African Crested Kingfisher
(Corythornis cyanostiyma), 14.

—. Exhibition and description of a new form of Paradise- Bisel
(Parotia carole meeki) from the Snow Mts., Dutch New
Guinea, 85-36.

——. Exhibition of Paradisea maria, Reich., believed to be a hybrid, 36.

——. Exhibition and description of two new Parrots (Charmosynopsis
multestriata and Nasiterna pyymea viridipectus) from Dutch
New Guinea, 45.

XXI

Roruscuiip, Hon. Watter. MJemarks on an Editorial Note on
Mr. Meek, 46.

——, and Harrert, E. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies
of Atlantic Petrel (Puffinus obscurus atlanticus), 43.

—., . Exhibition of a new form of Spider-hunter (Melilestes
nove-quinee flaviventris) from the Aru Islands, 44-45.

Scrater, P. L. Chairman’s Address, 2-5.

——. Jxhibition of an ego of the Great Shearwater (Puffinus gravis),
hitherto unknown, 22.

——. Announcement of alteration of date of Meetings, 33-34.

——. Congratulations to Mr. Walter Goodfellow on his return from
New Guinea, 66.

——. Exhibition of adult and immature male specimens of Mergus
squamatus, 77-78.

—. A letter from Mr. Eagle Clarke on a successful expedition to
St. Kilda, 78.

ScrateR, W. L. Exhibition of examples of a new species (Apalis
claudet) from Cape Colony, 15.

—. Exhibition of the skin of a young Coot from Tristran da Cunha,
94,

Seru-Smiru, D. Exhibition and remarks on an immature example of a
Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera cristata) procured in the Mabera
Forest, Uganda, 14-15.

——. Exhibition of skins of two races of the Long-tailed Grass-Finch
(Poéphila acuticauda and P. hecki) from Australia, 94-95,

SHELLEY, Capt. G. E. Death of, 34.

Smity, J. Beppaty. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crosshill, 60.

Smyru, P. B. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

Ticrnurst, Dr. C. B. Remarks on Cormorants, 26.

——. Exhibition of a male example of the Black-throated Thrush
(Turdus atrigularis) shot at Wittersham, Kent, 94.

Turner, Miss HK. L. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 70.

Upcurr, H. M. Remarks on the Crossbill breeding near Brandon
Station, Norfolk, 61.

Wirnersy, H. F. Yearly statement of accounts, 30.

——. Exhibition of an abnormally coloured Blackcock, 79.

——. Exhibition of various species of birds showing the Continental
and Lritish races, 95-96,

VOL. XXVII. c

BULLETIN

OF THE

mekilohy ORNITHOLOGISTS' CLUB:

No. CLXITI.

Tue hundred and sixty-first Meeting of the Club was held

at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 19th of October, 1910.

Chairman: P. L. Sctater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—W. I. Beaumont, E. Browe tt, J. L.
Bonuore, C. Borrer, P. F. Bunyarp, Colonel 8. R. Ciarxe,
H. E. Dresser, F. D. Drewrrt, M.D., A. H. Evans, J. Gur-
RARD, J. M. Goopatt, F. H. C. Goutp, E. Harter, Ph.D.,
Rev. F. C. R. Jourparn, G. E. Lopes, G. M. Martuews,
EK. G. B. Meapr-Watpo, H. Munt, T. H. Newman, W. R.
Ocitviz-Grant (Editor), C. OtpHam, C. E. Pzarson, /F. G.

Prenrosz, M.D., A. E. Pricz, Major F. W. Proctor, \F. R. )
Rarcuirr, R, H. Reap, C. B. Rickert, Hon. W. Roruscninp, _

Ph.D., W. L. Scrater, F. C. Serovus, D. Srra-Smitn, E. F:
Stanrorp, J. H. Srennouss, M.B., R.N., N. F. Trcenurst,
F.R.C.S., H. M. Watts, 8S. J. Waite, H. F. Wirnersy
(Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—Major H. M. Marcarp, E. M. Murray, L. M.
Seru-Smitu, T. Tart, L. E. Taytor.

[November 4th, 1910.] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. | 3

The CuarrmMan announced that at a Meeting of the Com-
mittee of the Club, held that evening, the following Officers
had been elected for the ensuing Session, 1910-1911 :—

P. L. Scuarer, F.R.S., Chairman.
W. R. Ocitvis-Grant, Editor.
H. F. Wirnersy, Secretary and Treasurer.
A. H. Evans, Joint-Editor of the ‘ Ibis.’ .
Hon. Waurer Roruscuitp, Vice-Chair-
man. ;
D. Seru-Smiru. sei
W. L. Scrarer (in place of Mr. E. G. :
B. Meapr-Watvo, retiring by
seniority ).

Dr. E. Harrerr was requested to act as Auditor.

CHarrmMan’s ADDRESS ON OpEninG THE NINETEENTH
SESSION OF THE B. O. C.

Brotuer Memsers oF THE B, O. C..—

On taking the Chair at the opening of the Nineteenth
Session of our Club I propose, in accordance with the usual
custom, to offer you a few remarks on some of the chief
ornithological events which have taken place since I occupied
that honourable position in October 1909.

The principal event in our branch of science that has
occurred during the past twelve months has been, I think I
may say, the successful Meeting of the International
Congress of Ornithologists, which was held at Berlin in May
and June, under the Presidency of Professor Reichenow,
H.M.B.O.U. Iam very sorry that I was not able to attend
the Meeting myself, but my advancing years are, I think, a
sufficient excuse. I am, however, still more sorry that
a greater number of our younger Members did not take
this excellent opportunity of fraternizing with our German
cousins. I am told that only about five or six Ornitho-
logists of British nationality were present. The British
Ornithologists’ Union was, however, well represented by

3 [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. Dresser, who was specially selected for the post by the
Committee. He has sent us an excellent Report on the
proceedings of the Congress which will appear in ‘ The Ibis’
for this month.

Before I proceed to make remarks on other parts of my
subject I must call your attention to the very sad loss we
have experienced during the past year by the death of two
of our much-esteemed Members—Dr. Sharpe and Mr. Boyd
Alexander. Dr. Sharpe, one of the best-known and most
devoted students of Birds that ever lived, and, in fact, the
founder of this Club, attended our Meeting on the 15th of
December, 1909, a few days before his death. Boyd
Alexander, the celebrated Explorer, who confessed that the
study of bird-life was the main object of his adventurous
career, met his fate in Central Africa, by the hand of an
assassin, on the 2nd of April. I need not repeat here the
well-deserved eulogies that have been given of both these
heroes of Ornithology in the pages of ‘ The Ibis’: they are
fully appreciated by all of us.

Although the preface to the fifth volume of Sharpe’s
‘Hand-list’ was dated “August 1909,” the book was not
sent out until some months afterwards, and therefore clearly
comes within the limits of my “Address.” Sharpe’s ‘Hand-
list’? is a mine of wealth into which all workers in Orni-
thology may dig with profit—they are sure to find gold.
But they will also find in it a certain amount of alloy, and
sbould not adopt the nomenclature and references of the
work without careful examination. It is a great misfortune,
to my mind, that Sharpe began his List at the bottom of
the tree of Bird-life and ended at the top. The one method
of treatment is, of course, as correct as the other, but until
recent years all writers on Birds had begun at the top of the
Class. Had Sharpe simply followed the arrangement used in
the ‘ Catalogue of Birds’ his ‘ Hand-list” would have been of
double value. The ‘ Hand-list ’ was projected as a supple-
ment to the ‘Catalogue’ and should have conformed with
it in its scheme of classification. Nevertheless the ‘ Hand-
list ? is a great work, and will render the name of RicHarp
Bown er SuHarre ever famous among Ornithologists.

Vol. xxvii. | 4

I venture to suggest that an Index to all the five volumes
might easily be prepared, and would be of very great advan-
tage to working Naturalists.*

Another good piece of work that has recently been
brought to a conclusion, by the issue of the fifth and last
Part, is Mr. Godman’s ‘ Monograph of the Petrels.’? I
consider that our excellent President has done a thoroughly
good deed in taking up this group and carrying out the
original plan of the work as projected and begun by Salvin
and himself some years ago. Nothing is so unsatisfactory
as an unfinished book: it is worse than useless and simply
prevents anyone else from taking up the same subject.
Instead of this we have in the present case a sumptuous
quarto volume of 380 pages and over a hundred plates drawn
by Keulemans, together with an accompanying letterpress
which embraces all that is known of this difficult group of
birds up to the present time.

A third noteworthy ornithological product of the past
twelve months is the new edition of the celebrated American
“ Check-list.”” The first edition of the ‘ Check-list of North
American Birds’ was published in 1886, the second in 1895,
and the third a few months ago. Like the two former
editions of the List, the third has been prepared by a Com-
mittee of the American Ornithologists’ Union, consisting of
some of the best known and most capable American Orni-
thologists, with Dr. J. A. Allen, of New York, as their
Chairman. It is not necessary, and, indeed, would be quite
out of place, to enter into any criticisms of it on the present
occasion. It is sufficient to say that the nomenclature of
the last edition of the Check-list was nearly universally
adopted by American writers on birds, and that I have little
doubt that the third edition will meet with the same
favourable reception, although it would seem that some
serious alterations have been made in it. But I could not
conscientiously say that I should like to see the American
canons of nomenclature adopted by the British Ornitho-
logists’ Union, for I cannot at all agree with many of them.

* [This index is already being prepared.—ED. |

5 [ Vol. xxvii.

A fourth publication of this year which I should not fail
to mention is Mr. Pycraft’s ‘ History of Birds,’ which,
I am sure, will meet with most careful attention from all
Members of the B.0. U. No one of us, I believe, knows the
structure of birds (both inside and outside) more thoroughly
than our friend Mr. Pycraft. His new work contains the
results of many years of careful study, and contains a mass
of information upon every part of his subject.

I must not fail to mention here the recent issue of the
sixth part of Dr. Hartert’s ‘ Vogel der palaarktischen
Fauna,’ which completes the first volume of that important
work. It describes not less than 240 distinguishable forms
of the Paleearctic Ornis. Though not always able to agree
with the author in his mode of treatment, we must all
admire the unceasing energy and skill with which he has
collected his information on the subject and placed it at our
disposal.

In conclusion, I will call attention to a remarkable
discovery which has lately been made in the distribution
of European birds—namely, that the Island of Corsica
appears to have been separated from the mainland of Europe
for a sufficiently long period of time to cause a modification
of some of the native birds. We all know that Corsica pro-
duces a very distinct form of Nuthatch (S7tta whiteheadi).
But recent researches* (af confirmed) show that at least
twelve other Corsican species have acquired a sufficient
amount of difference to warrant their distinction as sub-
species.

Mr. Ocitvie-Grant said that he had much satisfaction in
informing the Members of the Club that H.M. Government
had been pleased to grant a sum of £4000 towards the
expenses of the B. O. U. Expedition to the Snow Mountains
in Dutch New Guinea. (This announcement was received
with much applause.) He went on to say that the Hxpe-
dition had now reached a camp on the Waitakwa River,

* Ornith. Monatsh. 1910, p. 133.

Vol. xxvii.] 6

to the east of the Mimika, and on the 2nd of August was
about thirty-five miles from the snows.

Owing to the S.E. Monsoon the weather had been ex-
tremely trying and the rainfall almost incessant during the
last few months; many of the carriers had suffered severely
from fever and had been obliged to return to their homes,
a misfortune which had greatly hindered the progress of the
Expedition. He was sorry to report that Mr. Goodfellow
had also been suffering from fever and had been ill for some
weeks, but the latest news reported “all well,’ and he
therefore hoped that the attack had passed off.

Mr. Claude Grant, accompanied by the two Dyaks whom
Mr. Robinson had so generously supplied to the Expedition
aud all the fresh supply of stores, had arrived on the 19th of
August at Dobo, where he was joined by Mr. G. C. Shortridge.
The latter had entirely recovered from his recent attack of
fever and was on his way to rejom the Expedition. The

party expected to reach the camp at Toupoué about the
24th of August.

Mr. F. J. Jackson sent for exhibition examples of the
following new species of birds which had recently been
discovered by his collectors in Hast Africa. He proposed to
describe them as follows :—

EstRILDA PALLIDIOR, sp. n.

Adult male. Nearly allied to £. nigrimentum, Salvad., from
Somaliland and Southern Abyssinia, but easily distinguished
by its much paler coloration, the crown, mantle, and under-
parts lacking the rosy tinge which is very pronounced on the
flanks and belly of the Somaliland species.

Total length 4°8 inches; wing 2°1; tail 2°4; tarsus °55.

Obs. In EH. nigrimentum the measurements of the male
are: wing 2°2 inches, tail 2°5, a trifle greater than in
E. pallidior.

Hab. Northern Uaso Nyiro, B.E. Africa, 10. viii. 09.

CINNYRIS SHEPPARDI, Sp. 0.
Adult male. Nearly allied to C. microrhyncha, Shelley,

7 [ Vol. xxvul.

but somewhat larger, especially as regards the bill. It differs
in lacking the narrow maroon band across the breast which
in C. microrhyncha borders the purple breast-band posteriorly.
Culmen 0°8 ; wing 2°5; tail 1°6; tarsus 0°65 inch.

Adult female. Larger and paler than the female of
C. microrhyncha, the throat being whitish and the rest
of the underparts faintly washed with yellow; the outer as
well as the inner margins of the primary-quills conspicuously
white. Wing 2:2 inches.

Hab. Kiunga, near Lamu, B.E. Africa, 31. vii. 06.

Obs. This species has been named in honour of Mr. R. W.
Sheppard, who has recently been engaged in preparing a
catalogue of Mr. Jackson’s collection of bird-skins.

PRINIA INTERMEDIA, Sp. 0.

Adult female. Intermediate between P. mystacea, Riipp.,
and P. somalica (Elliot). From the former it differs in
having the upperparts greyer and the underparts much
paler, only the upper part of the breast, flanks, and thighs
being washed with pale buff. It resembles P. somalica in
having distinct pale margins to the greater wing-coverts,
but the upperparts are much darker and the sides and flanks
are more distinctly washed with buff.

Wing 1°9; tail 2-4 inches.

Hab. Northern Uaso Nyiro, 3000 ft., 17. vii. 09.

ALETHE KIKUYUENSIS, sp. 0.

Adult male and female. Near A. carruthersi, Grant, but
somewhat larger, and with the general colour of the upper-
parts, especially of the mantle, more olive and less rufous;
the ear-coverts are grey like the crown, and are not washed
with olive, as in A. carruthersi.

Wing 3°8 inches.

Hab. Kikuyu Forest, B.E. Africa, 5400 ft., 7.11. 09.

ARGYA KENIANA, Sp. D2.

Adult male. Most nearly allied to A. aylmeri, Shelley, bat
differs in having the lores and crown uniform dark chestnut
and the general colour of the rest of the upperparts of a

Vol. xxvii. | 8

more rufous-brown. The underparts are likewise more
rufous, the edges to the feathers of the throat and chest being
rufous, while in A. aylmeri they are whitish and contrast
very distinctly with the blackish bases of the feathers.

Hab. Emberre, Kenya District, 12.11. 08.

BRaDYPTERUS MACRORHYNCHUS, Sp. 0.

Adult female. Most nearly allied to B. nyasse, Shelley, but
easily distinguished by the much longer culmen, measuring
0'7 inch (as compared with 0.6), longer wing, measuring
2°75 imches (as compared with 2°55), and by the rather
longer tarsus, which measures 1-0 inch, and is deep black
in colour in the dried skin. In B. nyasse the tarsus
measures 0°95 inch and is of a pale yellowish-brown in the
dried skin. The colours of the soft parts in life have not
been recorded in either species.

The general colour of the plumage is much the same as
in B.nyasse, but the wing and the tail-feathers are blackish-
brown, with only the margins to the outer webs rufous.

Hab. il-polossat, Laikipia, 7500 ft., BLE. Africa, 21. vi. 08.

Mr. E. G. B. Mreapre-Watpo (the Treasurer of the Kite-
Fund) stated that the breeding-season of the Kite (Milvus
milvus) being now over, he thought that the Members of the
Club might care to hear some details of what had taken
place in Wales during 1910. So far as he had been able
to ascertain, the facts were as follows :—Of the four nests
which had been watched, three contained young, which were
successfully reared. One nest had three young ones, another
two, and athird one; the fourth nest was forsaken during in-
cubation. The west in which only one young bird was reared
originally contained two nestlings, but one of these, which
had apparently been blown out of the nest during a violent
storm, had been found dead at the foot of the tree.

It had been suggested that the stock of British Kites
still existing in Wales had probably become infertile through
old age and interbreeding, but this appeared to be by
no means the case: on the contrary, they seemed to be

OT [ Vol. xxvil.

remarkably fertile, only one addled egg having been found
in the nests that were examined in 1910. The number of
birds now appeared to be about twenty, and it was gratifying
to be able to record the appearance this autumn of a pair
nearly thirty miles from their headquarters. Every pre-
caution was being taken to preserve them from destruction.

Mr. Meade-Waldo added that it was now five years since
he had asked the Members of the Club for pecuniary help
towards the expenses incurred in preserving these remarkably
interesting and beautiful birds-of-prey, but he was now
about to beg for further assistance.

This appeal was generously responded to, and a con-
siderable sum was collected in the room. Further sums
are, however, urgently wanted, and subscriptions may be
forwarded to the Treasurer of the Fund.

Major H. H. Harrneron forwarded examples of two
new species of birds, which he proposed to describe as
follows :—

ACTINODURA RADCLIFFEI, sp. 0.

Adult male. Differs from A. ramsayi (Walden) im having
the fore-part of the head and crest darker ferruginous,
the general colour of the upperparts ochraceous, instead of
cimereous olive-brown, and the throat, breast, and sides of
the body rich ochraceous ; the abdomen is conspicuously
white, and the feathers of the throat have rather conspicuous
blackish shaft-streaks. Iris brown ; bill dark brown; le
pale brown.

Total length about 9°7 inches; culmen 0°8; wing 3°6;
tail 5°O'; tarsus 1:2.

Hab. Ruby Mines District, Upper Burma.

Type ¢. Ruby Mines District, 24.11.10. Obtained by
Major H. Delmé-Radcliffe. Presented to the Natural His-
tory Museum.

gs

PoMATORHINUS RIPPON, Sp. 0.
Adult male and female. Most closely allied to P. olivaceus,
Blyth, from Lower Burma, but with the general colour of

Vol. xxvii. ] 10

the upperparts olive-brown instead of rufous-brown ; the
tail similar in colour to the upperparts (in P. olivaceus it is
much darker, blackish towards the tip and rufous towards
the base); the chestnut patch on the sides of the neck some-
what paler; and the bill usually more slender.

Total length ca. 8°3 inches; wing 34; tail 3°7; tarsus
0°85.

Hab. Shan States.

Mr. Oaitviz-Grant exhibited an example of a species
of Bower-Bird which had been collected by Mr. G. C.
Shortridge on the Kamura River, Dutch New Guinea,
during the B.O.U. Expedition. The specimen, which was
an adult female, was believed to represent the unknown
female of Chlamydodera lauterbachi, Reichenow, the type
of which had been procured on the Jagei River, a tributary
of the Ramu River, in German New Guinea.

The type of this fine species, an adult male, had been
figured by Dr. Reichenow in the ‘ Journal fiir Ornithologie,’
1897, pl. vi.

It was possible, as suggested by Mr. Rothschild, that the
male of the bird from the Kamura River might prove dis-
tinct from C. lauterbachi. .

Mr. Ocitvis-Grant also exhibited an example of a new
species of Crombec, which had been forwarded to him
by Mr. Ernest Chubb, of the Bulawayo Museum. He
described it as follows :—

SYLVIELLA CHUBBI, sp. Nn.

Adult female. Most nearly allied to 8S. ruficapilla, Bocage,
but differs in having only the ear-coverts chestuut, the crown
being greyish-olive like the rest of the upperparts. Iris
hazel; bill dark brown above, pale brown below; legs and
feet pale flesh-colour.

Total length (measured in the flesh) 3°75 inches ; wing 2°5 ;
tail 1-1.

1] [ Vol. xxvii.

Hab. N.W. Rhodesia, 12th of November, 1909 (Rev. F. A.
Rogers and E. C. Chubb).

Obs. A second example of this species has recently been
presented to the Natural History Museum by Capt. Arthur
Reid, who procured it to the east of Lake Bangweola on the
11th of October, 1909.

Mr. M. J. Nicott sent for exhibition examples of a
new subspecies: of Bee-eater, together with the following
remarks :—

On comparing a series of the little Green Bee-eater from
North Egypt with a series of Merops viridis viridissimus,
Swains., from the Sudan, I find that the former is easily
separable by its much bluer-green coloration.

In his ‘ Birds of Egypt’ Captain Shelley figures this
northern form, but calls it Merops viridis, Linn., thereby
uniting it with the Indian form. As there seems to be no
available name for the Egyptian bird, I propose to call it

MerropPs VIRIDIS CLEOPATRA, subsp. n.

Adult male and female. Difter from M. viridis viridissimus
in being bluish-green above and below, and not bronze-green.
The sexes are similar in colour, but the female is slightly
duller, and has the elongate middle tail-feathers shorter than
in the male.

Culmen 31 mm.; wing 92.

Hab. Egypt. Resident near Cairo, whereit breeds. Many
migrate southwards in winter as far as the Blue and White
Niles.

Type @: No. 486. Mazghouna, near Cairo, 6.11.08.
Coll. M. J. Nicoll.

Obs. At present I know of only one breeding-place,
i. e. at Mazghouna, though there are probably others.

I have examined specimens in winter from the Sudan
(Blue and White Niles) and from Luxor.

M. viridis viridissimus is found as far north as Luxor, there
being an example from that locality in the Tring Museum.

Vol. xxvii. | 12

Dr. Parrot has described (Orn. Monatsb. 1910, p. 18),
under the name of M. viridis reichenowi, the Green Bee-
eater from Abyssinia, which he says is yellower on the
throat than M. viridis viridissimus. This form, however,
has nothing to do with the Egyptian bird, and is not
separable from M. v. viridissimus.

Dr. EK. Harterr exhibited examples of three new birds,
which he described as follows :—

CisTICOLA FLOWERI, Sp. n.

Adult. Bill strong, curved, and blackish in colons only
the basal portion of the under mandible being whitish Ga the
dry skin). Lores creamy white; crown dull rufous, rest of
the upper parts greyish-brown, neither striped nor spotted.
Quills brown, outer webs edged with rufous-brown towards
the base; innermost secondaries with the margin of the outer
web greyish-white towards the tip, inner webs edged with
dull buff. Rectrices blackish-brown, the central pair
browner, with an indistinct indication of a blacker subapical
bar; the four lateral pairs with white tips, about 6 mm.
wide on the second and third, but much narrower on the
fourth pair; outermost pair with white tips from 8 to 10 mm.
wide, and the outer webs entirely white. Underparts
creamy white, yellowish on the chest; thighs rufescent.
Legs and feet (in skin) reddish-brown.

Culmen 15 mm.; wing 52-58°5 (probably male and
female) ; tail 39-42.

Hab. Sennaar and Barankwa on the Blue Nile.

Type in the Tring Museum, No. S.F.870. Collected
by Captain S. S. Flower, after whom the species has been
named.

CINNYRIS ZENOBIA BURUENSIS, subsp. n.

Adult male. The comparison of a dozen males of this Sun-
bird from Buru with a large series of C. zenobia cenohia
from Amboina (the original locality for typical C. zenobia)
and other islands shows that the Buru race has a much

13 [ Vol. xxvii.

shorter and finer bill. The bill in male examples from Buru
measures 17-19 mm., in those from other islands 21-22 mm.

Type in the Tring Museum: . Bara, Buru, September
1898. Obtained by Mr. Dumas, the late A. Everett’s
collector.

CALANDRELLA MINOR AHARONIT, subsp. n.

Adult male. Resembles C. minor leucophea, but the upper-
side is not so pale, being greyish or sometimes browner, and
always darker, with the blackish central markings larger
and more conspicuous ; the jugulum is more distinctly
spotted, the bill thicker, the wing longer, and the outermost
rectrices have wider black edges to the inner webs. It
differs from C. minor seebohmi in having the upperparts
much less sandy and greyer in colour, and in having blacker
spots on the jugulum. Wing 96°5-104 mm.

flab. North Syrian Desert.

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. Karyatein, 25. iii. 10.
Obtained by J. Aharoni.

Obs. Numbers of this large, thick-billed, greyish form
were collected in March 1910 at Karyatein in the Syrian
Desert, but though the collector believes it to be a resident
bird, absolute proof of this fact is still wanting, and I am
inclined to think that it is a Central Asiatic bird spending
the winter in Syria.

The Hon. Watrer Rotuscuitp, Ph.D., exhibited a new
form of Amblycrnis, which he described as follows :—

AMBLYORNIS SUBALARIS GERMANUS, subsp. n.

Adult female. Slightly darker and more rufescent than the
female of A. subalaris subalaris, the feathers of the throat
being uniform, while in the latter they have a paler median
line and dark brown edges.

Culmen 28 mm.; wing 128; tail (somewhat worn)
about 90 ; metatarsus 38.

Crest of the male like that of A. s. subalaris.

Hab. Rawlinson Mts., German New Guinea.

For this novelty I am indebted to Professor Foerster, of

Vol. xxvii. | 14

Bretten. The existence of a species of Amblyornis in German
New Guinea was first indicated by the receipt of the crest of
a male, obtained from natives in the Rawlinson Mountains.
So far no complete skin of a male has been obtained, only
that of a female. This agrees with A. s. subalaris from
British New Guinea in the small size of the bill and wings
and in the bright colour of the under wing-coverts and wing-
lining, but they are even brighter, being almost rusty orange.
It differs, however, in the darker and more rufescent upper-
parts, darker breast and flanks, and uniform throat.

Mr. Roruscuitp also exhibited a skin of Cuculus jacksoni,
Sharpe, shot by Herr Rudolf Grauer 300 kilometres west of
Baraka, Lake Tanganyika, in the Congo Free State. It was
apparently the second example on record.

He likewise showed two varieties of the African Crested
Kingfisher, Corythornis cyanostigma. One of these, from
Kasongo, was pale blue on the upper surface, instead of
brilliant ultramarine-blue, and the crest-feathers were almost
white. The other, from the island of Kidjwe in Lake Kivu,
had the tips of most of the quills buff, as if faded. These
specimens were also collected by Herr R. Grauer.

Mr. D. Setu-Smitu exhibited an immature example of
a Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera cristata), which had been
procured by his brother, Mr. L. M. Seth-Smith, in the
Mabera Forest, Uganda*. From the appearance of the
specimen he believed that it was between two and three
months old. It was remarkable in that it showed four
distinct stages of plumage. The head, which was still
covered with the nestling-down, was marked as follows :—
Forehead black, with long erect down where the crest would
eventually appear; a broad band of dark brown on the occi-
put, bordered by two narrow bands of buff; sides of the
head black interspersed with buff; throat buff, with minute
black feathers tipped with white down the middle.

The body was completely feathered, three distinct stages

* G. cristata seth-snuthi, Neumann, Bull. B, O. C. vol. xxiii. p. 18.

15 [ Vol. xxvii.

of plumage being indicated. The feathers on the breast
represented the first plumage, and were blackish, edged
with buff, while a few on the back, representing the same
stage, were chestnut at the base, with a broad black spot
near the extremity and tipped with buff. The flank-feathers,
upper wing-coverts, primaries, secondaries, and a few
feathers interspersed on the back represented a second stage
of plumage, being black crossed with wavy lines of blue.
The remainder of the feathering, especially on the back, was
that of the fully adult bird, being black covered with distinct
spots of pale blue, each spot having a white centre.

Mr. W. L. Scrarur exhibited examples of a new species
of Apalis from Cape Colony. He proposed to name it

APALIS CLAUDEI, Sp. 0.

Adult male and female. Above dark slaty-grey throughout,
with the faintest perceptible wash of olive; ear-coverts
slightly paler than the back ; a black spot in front of the
eye; throat white, separated from the breast and abdomen
by a narrow black transverse band; rest of the underparts
white along the middle line, olive-brown on the flanks and
under tail-coverts; the two or three outer pairs of tail-
feathers tipped with white, the outermost pair chiefly white.

Length about 130 mm.; culmen 13; wing 50; tail 57;
tarsus 20.

Hab. Knysna, Cape Colony.

Type in the Natural History Museum: ¢@. Knysna,
12.11.05. Obtained by Mr. Claude H. B. Grant, after whom
it has been named.

Obs. This species has hitherto been confounded with Apalis
thoracica, from which it differs in having the back slaty-grey
instead of green and the abdomen white instead of yellow.

Mr. Ocrtvie-Grant exhibited an example of the Blue-
winged Teal (Querquedula discors), which had been shot by
Mr. B. W. Wise on the bogs at Ballycotton, Co. Cork, early
in September 1910. The specimen, which proved to be
an immature female, had been presented to the National

Vol. xxvu.] 16

Museum, Ireland, whence it had been forwarded for identi-
fication. It was well known that during the last few years
this species had been imported into England, and had been
kept in captivity at Woburn, where it had bred in 1909. It
was therefore quite possible that the bird exhibited might be
one of the full-winged offspring which had escaped, and this
fact should not be lost sight of.

Mr. Currrorp Borrer, on behalf of Mr. F. I. Ricuarps,
exhibited two of our rarer British visitors which had been
obtained last month in Norfolk: one was an adult Tawny
Pipit (Anthus campestris) procured on the 15th of Sep-
tember, the second was an immature Barred Warbler (Sylvia
nisoria) procured on the 27th of that month.

Major F. W. Proctor exhibited a clutch of eggs of the
Greenish Willow-Warbler (Phylloscopus viridanus) which
had been procured at Issik-Kul, Turkestan, by Mr. Kutzenko’s
collectors on the Ist of May, 1909 ; the eggs, four in number,
were pure white without any traces of markings.

Mr. G. M. Marsews exhibited an example of a new
subspecies of Creeper which had been collected by Mr. T.
Carter, who proposed to describe it as follows :—

CLIMACTERIS RUFA OBSCURA, ‘subsp. n.

Differs from typical examples of C. rufa, Gould, in being
very much darker in colour both above and below. The
bill is longer and more curved, and the measurement of the
wing is less, being 86 mm.

In an example of C. rufa from Broom Hill, the wing
measures 93 mm.

Hab. Warren River, South-west Australia.

The type is in the collection of Mr. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. Maruews also exhibited and described an example of
a new species of Ground-Bird, which he named

CINCLOSOMA ALISTERI, Sp. n.
Adult male. Upper surface, including the head, ear-

is 7 [Vol. xxvii.

coverts, hind-neck, sides of neck, entire back, scapulars, and
middle tail-feathers chestnut ; the lesser, median, and greater
wing-coverts black tipped with white, like the primary-
coverts ; the primary-quills brown, with pale edges to the
outer webs, more strongly pronounced towards the base ;
the inner secondaries more broadly margined with chestnut
on the outer webs ; outer tail-feathers black broadly tipped
with white, more narrowly towards the middie, some of the
feathers margined with rufous on the outer web; super-
ciliary Jine whitish-buff; lores and a line through the eye
black, like the throat and fore-neck; breast and middle of
the abdomen buff, becoming more rufous on the sides
of the body, which is divided from the latter by a line of
black striations; under tail-coverts brown, spotted with
black and tipped with white; lesser under wing-coverts
whitish-buff, greater coverts brown ; quills below pale brown,
with rufous edgings on the inner webs. Bill black ; iris
brown ; feet grey. Culmen 19 mm.; tail 73; tarsus 28.
Hab. West Australia.
The type is in the collection of Mr. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited a series of eggs, including
abnormally marked examples of the following species :—:
Song-Thrush (Zurdus musieus) (a clutch of four eggs with
the ground-colour pure white) ; Stonechat (Pratincola
rubicola) (clutch of five eggs with the ground-colour green,
as in the eggs of the Pied Flycatcher); Ringed Plover
(Hiyialitts hiaticola); Nightjar (Caprimulgus europeus) ;
Lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca); and Wood-Lark
(Lullula arborea). ae

He also showed a clutch of eight éggs of the Long-eared
Owl (Asio otus) and a clutch of eggs taken in Lancashire on
the 20th of April, 1910, and believed to be those of the Ruft
(Machetes pugnax). They had been sent to him as eggs of
the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago), but he considered
them to be undoubtedly those of the Ruff.

The Cuairman said that he would be glad to hear any
i VOL. XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. | 18

comments on Mr. Bunyard’s exhibit, and called on Mr. J. L.
Bonuore, who made the following remarks :—

“T hardly like to rise in order to object to exhibitions that
Members at much personal inconvenience have been good
enough to bring here to show us; but it seems to me that
we are hardly fair to ourselves if we let displays, such as
Mr. Bunyard has brought before us to-night, pass without
comment. We are all, with the exception of a few guests,
Members of the B.O.U., and two years ago the B.O. U.
passed a rule condemning the taking or destroying of rare
British Birds and their eggs. To go back still further, this
very Club passed some years ago a pious expression of
opinion that its Members should stay their hand in regard to
the destruction of certain species; yet we now find ourselves
looking on, if not with enthusiasm, at least with that silence
which gives consent, at a display of clutches of eggs of several
distinctly local birds and the exhibition of an extremely
rare clutch of eggs, in the taking of which, I am glad
to note, the exhibitor had no share, though we must always
bear in mind that eggs would not be taken if there was no
market for them.

““T am the last to decry collecting : how many of us owe
our interest in birds to the egg-collections we made as boys
at school, and where would our knowledge of the science of
ornithology be were it not for collections? But the good of
collecting lies in its use and not in its abuse, and I do not
hesitate to say that no scientific purpose is served by the
accumulation of masses of clutches or by the destruction of
a single clutch of one of our very rare breeding species.
Such acts only pander to a collector’s greed, and bring the
scientific study of birds into bad repute. Since our last
Meeting in June a letter, which some of you may have seen,
appeared in the ‘Times’ from a former Member, decrying
the present attitude of the Union and stating that it had
become a society of exterminating collectors. Such remarks
as this, which tend to injure our whole status, must be
refuted in no uncertain manner, and if we continue to
witness exhibitions such as the present without a protest

19 [Vol. xxvii.

we are certainly adding an appearance of truth to such
remarks.

“ All I would ask you to-night is to show by a motion
your strong disapproval of the mere collectors’? and ex-
terminators’ instinct which leads to exhibitions like the
present ; and I would therefore beg leave to move the
following resolution :—

«<«That this Meeting strongly disapproves of the
collecting and exhibiting of large series of clutches
of eggs of British breeding birds, or of British-taken
eggs of our rare breeding species, except for the purpose
of demonstrating some new scientific fact.’ ”

Mr. Merapr-Watpo said that he would be most happy
to second the motion, which, after a somewhat animated
discussion in which a number of Members took part, was
carried almost unanimously.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 16th of November, 1910, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. |

(Signed)
P.L.Scrater, W.R.Oeriviz-Grant, H.F. Wiruersy,
Chairman. Editer. Sec. & Treas,

BULLETIN

OF THE

bRltish ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

No. CLXIV.

THe hundred and sixty-second Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 16th of November, 1910.

Chairman: P. L. Sciater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—D. A. Bannerman, W. I. Beaumont,
K. Browett, J. L. Bonnotz, P. F. Bunyarp, A. Buxton,
C. Cuuss, EH. V. Earnie, H. J. Evwes, F.R.S., A. H. Evans,
F.W. Frouawk, Eartor Garnsporouen, F.H.C.Goutp, A.F.
GrirritH, Rev. J. R. Haus, HE. Hartert, Ph.D., C. Iveram,
Rev. F. C. R. Jourparn, G. E. Lopez, G. M. Martuews,
E. G. B. Mzapr-Watpo, P. W. Mtnn, H. Munt, T. H. New-
MAN, W. R. Oeitviz-Grant (Hditor), C. OrpHam, C. E.
Pearson, H. J. Pearson, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., Major F. W.
Proctor, W. P. Pycrart, R. H. Reap, C. B. Rick
Hon. W. Roruscuiztp, Ph.D., A. D. Sapsworts, ue te,
Scnater, F. C. Serovus, D. Seru-Smitu, C. B. Tye URST, | 1 it
M.R.C.S., N. F. Trcenurst, F.R.C.S., RB. J. Ussuter, OG +4 1910
Wars, H. F. Witnersy (Sec. & Treas.). Ny, tenal N yew

Visitors :—G. Tyrwuitt Drakes, G. E. Harrison.

[ December 1st, 1910. ] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. ] 0}

Dr. P. L. Sciater exhibited an ege of the Great Shear-
water ( Puffinus gravis, O'Reilly) which had been presented
to him by Mr. Péringuey, of Cape Town. It was one of the
specimens obtained at Tristan d’Acunha by Mr. P. C. Keytel,
during his recent visit to that group of islands (cf. Report
of S. Afr. Mus. 1909, p. 8). Dr. Selater remarked that this
was one of the few birds in the “ British List’’ of which no
authentic eggs were hitherto known (cf. Saunders, I]. Man.
Brit. B. p. 738, and Godman, Monogr. Petrels, p. 91).

The egg, which was of a uniform dirty white, slightly
stained, and pyriform in shape, measured 3°3 inches by 1:9.

Mr. E. G. B. Meapz-Watpo remarked that in January
1906 the ‘ Valhalla’ “lay to” off Tristan d’Acunha for four
days, but, owing to rough weather, he was unable to land.
Among many other Petrels, he saw numerous pairs of
Puffinus gravis, and when about 140 miles to the east of that
island large numbers were again observed. He felt sure
that they must have been breeding on some of the islands of
the group.

Mr. W. R. Octtvis-Grant exhibited a series of skins of
the Cormorant (Phalacrocoraz carbo, Linn.), showing all the
stages of plumage between the young bird in down-and the
adult in full breeding-plumage. He said that it would he
remembered that, at the March meeting of the previous
Session, Mr. Frohawk had exhibited a Cormorant with a
pure white breast and belly, which he regarded as a variety
of the fully adult bird, on account of its large size and the
bright blue-green colour of its iris. Mr. Frohawk’s bird had
been shot at the Scilly Isles on the 30th of June, 1909, and
had been described and figured in the ‘Field’ of the 13th
of November, 1909, and again in Witherby’s ‘ British Birds,’
ili. pp. 885-390 (1910).

At the March meeting of the Club already referred to he
had stated that there could not be the slightest doubt that
Mr. Frohawk’s bird was a young Cormorant still in the
plumage of the first year, and that. the colour of the eye

23 [Vol.: xxvit.

did not necessarily imply that the bird was adult, the eye
becoming green at the end of the first year. With this
statement other Members of the Club had disagreed, and were
inclined to follow Mr. Frohawk in believing that the
bird in question represented an abnormal variety. There was,
however, nothing abnormal in the bird’s plumage, and it was
undoubtedly a young bird about a year old, which had not
yet begun to moult the feathers of its breast, though many
of the feathers of the upperparts, including the middle pairs
of tail-feathers, were in course of moult. It had been stated
that the white feathers on the breast and belly of this bird
were mostly new, but a closer examination showed that this
was not really the case.

Although he could not agree with Mr. Frohawk’s con-
clusions, he thought the Members of the Club ought to be
much obliged to that gentleman for calling attention to this
stage of plumage; and as the changes of plumage in the
Cormorant appeared to be imperfectly understood by many
ornithologists, he had been at some pains to obtain additional
examples of young birds from Scotland during October, while
Mr. W. P. Pycraft and Mr. H. EH. Howard had also procured
some éxtremely instructive specimens from Donegal in the
month of August.

The changes of plumage might be briefly summarized as
follows :—

1st Year.—The series exhibited commenced with two young
birds taken from the same nest on the 9th and 18th of August
respectively. The younger was entirely clad in sooty-brown
down, but in the older bird the quills of the wings and tail
were partially grown and on the breast and belly many pure
white feathers were to be found making their appearance
among the dark down. From the same colony in Donegal
three fully feathered young birds were also obtained, birds
which had, no doubt, been hatched a month or two earlier
than the downy young already referred to. These varied
somewhat as to the amount of white on the breast and belly,
‘and in the darkest of the three only the middle of the under-
parts was white, the dark feathers on the sides and flanks

Vol. xxvii. ] 24

encroaching much further on to the breast and belly. Two -
young birds procured at Cromarty in October had the entire
breast and belly white, and were in that respect similar to ~
the bird shot by Mr. Frohawk at the Scilly Isles, but, being
only four or five months old, they were not moulting, and
had the bluish-grey iris characteristic of youth. Both
were heavy birds, and weighed respectively, ¢ 7 lbs. 14 oz.
and ¢° 5 lbs. 4 oz., as against 2 6 lbs. 12 oz., which was the
weight recorded for Mr. Frohawk’s specimen.

It would thus be seen that the amount of white on the
underparts of young birds varied somewhat, some individuals
being pure white, others white down the middle only, while
specimens (such as one exhibited, also obtained at Cromarty)
might be found in which most of the white feathers were
tipped with brown. In all young birds, even the whitest,
the sides of the breast and flanks were always dark brownish-
black.

The series exhibited illustrated very clearly the variation
between one extreme and the other. All showed the
characteristic narrow whitish-brown edges to the scapulars,
secondaries, and their coverts bearing traces of nestling down,
conclusively proving them to be birds in their first plumage.

2nd Year.—The above-described plumage was retained
till the following summer-moult, which generally commenced
in May and June; but the moult in younger birds was
evidently irregular, the irregularity being probably partly
caused by theirvarying age, some birds being hatched in April,
others in June or even in July. These last would no doubt
commence their moult later than those hatched in April.
The plumage of the underparts was the last to be renewed,
and in the birds exhibited, killed in February and March,
the plumage of the second year might still be found in moult
on the breast and belly, while that of the upperparts,
wings, and tail had been renewed some months previously.
When the bird was about a year old the colour of the iris
changed from bluish-grey to green. The underparts of the
Cormorant in its second year were glossy-black more or less
mottled with white, the feathers all over the breast and belly

25 [ Vol. xxvil,

having the basal half white and the terminal part black
glossed with bluish and shading into brown towards the
middle, the white basal portion being only partially concealed.
The feathers of the upperparts were much like those of the
adult, but not quite so brightly coloured.

3rd Year.—After its second summer-moult the Cormorant
assumed the plumage of the adult, and the underparts were
glossy greenish-black, the feathers of the breast having
white bases, while those of the belly had the basal portion
smoky-grey. In British birds the white hair-like feathers on
the head and neck and the white flank-patches began to make
their appearance early in January, the perfect breeding-
plumage being generally assumed by the end of February.
The white plumes on the head were retained until the be-
ginning of April, when they commenced to drop out, and
they disappeared entirely by the middle of May; but the
flank-patches were retained till the middle of June and did
not disappear till the end of July.

In looking through the very large series of skins in the
Natural History Museum, Mr. Frohawk had unfortunately
examined about one-third only of the specimens, and had
not seen the cabinet containing the British and European
skins, which included a number of young white-breasted
birds as well as birds in the second year’s plumage. ‘These
had been procured by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in 1898, when he
was writing volume xxvi. of the ‘ Catalogue of the Birds in
the British Museum.’

Mr. F. W. Frowawk said that as no definite conclusion
had been arrived at respecting the length of time the
immature plumage might be retained in certain examples
of the Common Cormorant, he still held the opinion
expressed by other Members at the Meeting on the 16th
of March, 1910. There was no evidence, as far as he
knew, to prove that his white-breasted specimen might
not be a bird two years old, retaining the white breast
similar to the first plumage. He also believed that it could
not be a bird of the first year, on account of the colouring of

Vol. xxvii. | 26

the eye, which was blue-green, and not of the pale brownish
hue characteristic of the young bird of the first year. It
was quite possible that certain individuals might retain the
white breast for several years, if not for life.

Dr. C. B. TicrHurst said he was very much interested in
Mr. Ogilvie-Grant’s exhibition, but he could not entirely
agree with his explanation of the sequence of plumages.
There seemed to be a lack of positive preof of the ages
assigned to some of the birds, and he further pointed out
that Mr. Frohawk’s ‘“ white-breasted’’ bird could not, in
his opinion, be a bird of the year, but, judging from its
worn old plumage and from the fact that the wings and
tail were in moult, must be at least 15 months old.

Mr. J. L. Bonnorz remarked that the main point seemed
to be in what numbers the pure white-breasted young Cor-
morants were found. He personally had never seen them
until Mr. Frohawk’s specimen was brought forward; they
were not mentioned or figured in most text-books, and the
local fishermen in the Scilly Isles had only seen them during
the last few years. On the other hand, Mr. Ogilvie-Grant,
Mr. Pycraft, and Mr. Howard had obtained specimens in
Scotland and Jreland and were of opinion that in those
places the white-breasted form was the normal (#. e. the most _
numerous) type of young bird.

Mr. Bonhote suggested that these white-breasted birds
appeared sporadically at various colonies, and that once they
had appeared they might increase and swamp the darker
forms. Such a mutation, in view of the existence of white-
breasted species of Cormorants in other parts of the world,
seemed to him quite likely to occur. The evidence on either
side was, however, by no means conclusive, and he hoped
that Members would make further observations on the
subject, more especially with regard to the proportion of
white- and dark-breasted young in the different colonies of
Cormorants.

97 [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. Ocitvre-Grant said that he was unable to state in
what proportion pure white-breasted young Cormorants were
to be met with, but they were very common. The amount
of white on the breast, as already remarked above, varied in
different individuals and was in no way dependent on locality.

There was no reason for supposing that Mr. Frohawk’s
bird was in any way different from dozens of white-breasted
young Cormorants which he had examined, most of which:
‘were to be seen in the collection at the Natural History
Museum. The fact of its having possessed a blue-green eye
had already beenaccounted for, as it was well known that with
the assumption of the second plumage the colour of the iris
changed from bluish-grey or brownish-grey to green. As
regarded the age of the white-breasted birds, it was perfectly
certain that they were all birds in their first year, in spite of
their size and weight. An examination of their somewhat
pointed scapulars, secondaries, and greater secondary-coverts,
narrowly margined with brownish-buff, removed all doubt
on that point, and, bearing that in mind, there could be no
difficulty in assigning the approximate age of each individual.

The Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain exhibited a small series of
clutches of the closely-allied species Certhia familiaris, Linn.,
and C. brachydactyla, Brehm. ‘he eggs of the former had
been taken in the British Isles, where only C. familiaris was
found, while those of the latter were taken in Friesland and
S. Spain, where only C. brachydactyla bred. The difference
between the eggs of the two species was very noticeable, those
of C. brachydactyla being much more heavily marked and
resembling the eggs of Parus cristatus in general appearance.

Mr. Jourpatn also exhibited some eggs from Cyprus which
had been sent to him for examination by Mr. J. A. Bucknill.
Among them were eggs undoubtedly those of Coccystes
glandarius (Linn.), which had been taken from nests of Pica
pica (Linn.) (but not of Corvus corniz pallescens, Madarasz),
thus confirming Schrader’s observations that the Magpie was
the usual host of this Cuckoo in Cyprus.

Vol. xxvii. | 28

Amongst other eggs’ sent were those of Calandrella
brachydactyla (Leisler), which could now be added with
certainty to the list of species breeding in Cyprus, and one
egg, apparently of some species of Anthus, from the Larnaca
district, where as yet no Pipit was known to breed.

Mr. G. M. Maruews exhibited examples of a new sub-
species of Weaver-Finch, which he proposed to call

MUuNnIA CASTANEOTHORAX ASSIMILIS, Subsp. n.

Differs from M. castaneothorar (Gould) in having the
chestnut band on the chest much darker in colour, and
the upper tail-coverts rich chestnut-brown. Wing 55 mm.

Hab. Eureka, Northern Territory. Type No. 5308, Coll.
G. M. Mathews.

Mr. Maruews also described a new subspecies of Parro-
quet :—

PLATYCERCUS VENUSTUS HILL, subsp. n.

Differs from P. v. venustus, Kuhl, in having the white
feathers on the face reduced to a very narrow line, the
blue spreading nearly all the way up to the black below
the eyes. The blue on the primary-coverts is also very
much more intense. Iris umber; bill whitish-grey ; feet
dark grey. Measurements as in P. venustus.

Hab. Napier, Broom Bay, North-west Australia. Type
No. 5609, Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Obs. This subspecies is named in honour of the collector,
Mr. G. F. Hill.

The type of P. venustus came from Arnhem Land, Northern
Territory.

Mr. A. F. Grirrira exhibited a male and female example
of the Sociable Plover (Chettusia gregaria, Pall.) in breeding-
plumage. They were two of four examples which had been
obtained between Rye and Winchelsea, between the 25th and
the 27th of May, 1910, by a man named Thorpe. The other
two specimens were in the collection of Mr. J. B. Nichols.

29 [Vol. xxvii.

There were five birds in the flock, but the fifth had appa-
rently escaped. The birds exhibited had been examined
in the flesh by Mr. R. Butterfield, Mr. L. C. Edwards,
and others, and had been mounted by Mr. Bristow, of
St. Leonards. They had been presented to the Booth
Museum by Messrs. J. E. Hall and E. Robinson.

Mr. Grirrits also exhibited an adult male example of the
Grey-backed Warbler (Aédon familiaris, Ménétr.) which had
been shot at Ninfield, Sussex, on the 13th of May, 1910, by
Mr. Morris, and examined in the flesh by Mr. L. C. Edwards.
It had been mounted by Mr. Bristow, of St. Leonards, and
purchased by the exhibitor, who had presented it to the
Booth Museum at Brighton.

[This appears to be the second British-killed example of
this species, the first having been obtained at Hythe, Kent,
on the 15th of July, 1907: cf. Nichols, Bull. B.O.C. xxi.
p- 63 ; zd. in Witherby’s Brit. Birds, i. p. 257 (1908).—Ep.]

Mr. Grirrits also made the following remarks :—

“On getting out of the train at Orpington Station, Kent,
about 4.20 this afternoon (14th November, 1910), I saw a
continuous steady flight of Rooks passing south towards
Farnborough. They continued in an unbroken stream for
154 minutes, from ten to over twenty abreast, at an average
distance apart of about 15 feet along the line of flight. The
rate of flight appeared to be rather over 10 miles an hour.
These figures show that the total number which passed over
me was about 13,600. How many had passed before my
arrival, I cannot, of course, guess ; but they then stretched
southwards as far as the eye could see.”

Mr. C. Cuuss, on behalf of Mr. F. V. McConnetn,
exhibited an example of Micrastur guerilla, Cass., which had
been obtained at Iturbisce, British Guiana. Hitherto the
species had been known to range only from Southern Mexico
to Panama and Ecuador.

Vol. xxvii. | 30

Mr. Ocitvis-Grant exhibited an example of a new species
of Flycatcher procured by Mr. Robin Kemp at Gazi, British
East Africa, which he proposed to call

STIZORHINA GRANDIS, Sp. 0.

Adult. Most nearly allied to S. vulpina, Reich., which it
closely resembles in the colour of its plumage, but very much
larger. Iris brown; bill blackish ; feet flesh-colour.

S. grandis, sp. u.: Total length ca. 8°8 inches ; culmen
from gape 0°95 ; wing 4°7; tail 4°15; tarsus 1:2.

S. vulpina, Reich. : Total length ca. 6:7 inches; culmen
from gape 0°65; wing 3:8; tail 3:2; tarsus 0°85.

Hab. Gazi, Shimba Hills, near Mombasa, 28. viii. 10.

Dr. F. G. Pzwnrost laid before the Club a copy of
the Report of the Migration Committee, which would form
Volume xxvi. of the Bulletin of the B.O.C. This Report,
which had been issued since the October meeting of the
Club, contained the result of the observations on the
migratory movements during the autumn of 1908 and
the spring of 1909. He said that the volume was the
result of a very considerable amount of work, which had
been shared by all the members of the Committee, but that
by: far the largest portion of preparing it had been done by
Dr. N. F. Ticehurst and Dr. C. B. Ticehurst.

The publication of the work had been somewhat costly,
and Dr. Penrose said that he would be obliged to ask either
the Club or individual Members to assist in meeting the
surplus expense. He did this with the more confidence,
as the Migration Committee had not asked for any help
during the last two or three years.

It was decided that the question, how the above sum
could be raised, should be dealt with by the Committee of
the Club.

The TreasurRER made his annual statement of accounts,
showing that the finances of the Club were in a satisfactory
state.

31 [ Vol. xxvii.

Iv is with regret that we have to announce that Mr. Watrrer
GoopFELLow, the leader of the British Ornithologists’ Expe-
dition to the Snow Mountains, in Dutch New Guinea, has
been invalided home.

A few days ago Mr. Ogilvie-Grant received a cable from
Macassar, announcing this unfortunate news.

It may be remembered that im his last article on the
Expedition, which appeared in ‘ Country Life’ on the 5th of
November, he had mentioned the fact that Mr. Goodfellow
had been suffering severely from fever, but a letter dated
August the 2nd seemed to indicate that he had recovered
from the attack.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 14th of December, 1910, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. |

(Signed)
P.L.Scitarer, W.R.Ocitvie-Grant, H.F. Wirnersy,
Chairman. Editer. Sec. & Treas.

SULLETIN

OF THE

bal bisit ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB:

No. CLXV.

Tue hundred and sixty-third Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 14th of December, 1910.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—D. A. Bannerman, E. Briowe tu, S.
Boorman, P. F. Bunyarp, Aspen Cuapman, C. Cuuss,
A. H. Fivans, Capt. R. D. Fansnaws, Rev. J. R. Hats,
E. Harrert, Ph.D., Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain, G. KE. Lopes,
A. McLean Marsnatt, G. M. Martuews, E. G. B. Meape-
Waxpo, H. Menzt, W. R. Ocitvin-Grant (diter), C. OLp-
HAM, C. E. Pearson, F. G. Penrost, M.D., A. E. Price,
Major F. W. Proctor, R. H. Reap, C. B. Rickert,
Hon. Waiter Roruscuitp, Ph.D., W. L. Scuater, F. C.
SeLous, D. Seru-Smitru, J. H. Srennousst, M.B., R.N.,
C. B. Ticrnurst, M.R.C.S., N. F. Ticenvrst, F.R.C.S.,
H. M. Wattis, J. Wiixinson, H. F. Witnersy (Sec. & ————__

Treas.). ry ansonian ingtit
Visitors :—T. P. Atpwortu, E. F. p— Rovermont, L. M.
SETH-SMITH. VAN 14 loi,

A

The CHarrMAN announced that the Committee had decidediona| Musew
in future to hold the meetings of the Club on the secon
Wednesday in the month instead of on the third. It was

[ December 31st, 1910.) VO, SA,

Vol. xxvii | 34

hoped that this change would not prove incorvenient to the
Members.

Mr. E. Brpwett said that by the death of Captain G. E.
Shelley, which took place at Bournemouth on the 28th of
November, the Club had lost a valued and popular Member,
whose well-known works and papers on the Birds of Africa
had added so much to the present state of our knowledge.
Captain Shelley had been elected to the British Ornitholo-
gists’ Union in 1870, and had joined the Club on its
formation in 1892. For some years past he had been an
invalid in failing health, and it was greatly to be regretted
that on that account he had been unable to finish his great
work on the ‘ Birds of Africa.’ It was unanimously agreed
tiiat the Secretary should convey the sympathy of the Club
to Mrs. Si elley and her family.

Mr. C. E. Herimayr sent the description of a new
species of Tanager, which he proposed to call

CaLosPiZA HUBER, sp. n.

Nearly adult male. Above shining silvery-buff, slightly
shaded here and there with greenish, the fore-part of the
crown somewhat darker and of a more golden-buff ; upper
tail-coverts dull blue ; lesser and median upper wing-coverts
dull indigo-blue with blackish bases; primary and greater
wing-coverts blackish on the inner and dull indigo-blue
on the outer web; quills and rectrices blackish, edged
exteriorly with greenish-blue ; sides of the head, throat,
fore-neck, and a broad area along the middle of the breast
and ubdomen dull slaty-black, the feathers of the fore-neck
and belly with more or less distinct apical edges of indigo-
blue ; sides and anal region silvery-buff; under tail-coverts
darker and more ochraceous. Axillaries and under wing-
coverts smoky-grey, narrowly edged with dull greenish-blue.
Bill blackish, under mandible paler. Wing 72; tail 522;
bill 114 mm.

Adult female. Similar to that of C. cayana (Linn.), but
easily distinguishable by its bluer wings and upper tail-

35 [| Vol xxvit.

coverts, duller and less buff-coloured abdomen, and especially
by having the pileum golden-buff, instead of light cinnamon-
rufous. Wing 71; tail 53; bill 12 mm.

Hab. Island of Marajo, North Brazil.

Type in the Zoological Museum of Munich. @ vix ad.
No. 1910.319. Cachoueira, Rio Arary, Island of Marajo,
14.11.1910. Obtained by Prof. Lorenz Miller.

Obs. The male of this interesting new species is inter-
mediate in its affinities between C. cayana (Linn.), from the
Guianas and Venezuela, and C. flava (Gm.), from Eastern
Brazil (Bahia to Pernambuco). From the former it differs
chiefly in Jacking the cinnamon-rufous cap, and in having
the throat as well as the middle of the belly blackish;
and from the latter in having the general colour, both above
and below, deep ochraceous, and the dark area of the under-
parts much deeper and of a more dead black. From both,
C. hubert may also be distinguished by the colour of the
axillaries and under wing-coverts, which are whitish-buff in
C. cayana, and biack in C. flava.

The new species is named in honour of Dr. Jacques Huber,

Director of the Museu Goeldi, Para, who greatly facilitated

Mr. Miiller’s work during his collecting-trip in Amazonia.
to) to)

The Hon. Watter Rotuscuitp exhibited and described
a new form of Paradise-bird of the genus Parotia from the
Snow Mountains in Dutch New Guinea, which he proposed
to name

PAROTIA CAROL MEEKI, subsp. n.

Immature male. Differs from P. c. berlepschi, Kleinschmidt,
in having the sides of the crest broadly edged with white
from the base of the bill to above the eye. In P. c. ber-
lepschi the white edge begins in front of the eye and reaches
back to the end of the crest. From P. c. carole it differs in
having the chin, as well as the upper half and sides of the
throat black instead of buff, while in P. c. berlepschi the
whole throat is black.

Adult female. Differs from the female of P. c. carole in
having the crown and middle of the forehead of a different

Vol. xxvii.| 36

shade of grey and more uniform, being less mottled with
white. The female of P. c. berlepschi is unknown.

o inmature. Iris pale green; bill and feet black.

2. Iris pale blue; bill black; feet pale blue.

Hab. Letekwa* River, Dutch New Guinea, 2000-2500 feet.
Collected by A. S. Meek.

Mr. Roruscnitp also exhibited a male of the Bird of
Paradise known as Puradisea maria, Reichenow, which he
believed to be a hybrid between P. augus!@-victorie, Cab.,
and P. guilielmi, Cab. Male examples of the two last-
named species were likewise shown.

Mr. W. R. Octtvie Grant exhibited and described ex-
amples of a new species of Titmouse from Ireland.

He said that it might seem almost incredible that an
extremely distinct and well-marked species of Irish Tit-
mouse should have escaped notice until the present time;
nevertheless such was undoubtedly the case.

Of this new species, which he proposed to eall Larus
hibernicus, he had now examined twelve adult examples from
the following counties: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, West-
meath, and Sligo. Knowing that the Natural History
Museum was extremely deficient in examples of Irish birds,
Mr. Collingwood Ingram had kindly forwarded a few speci-
mens from Boyle, Co. Sligo, and, among them, two Coal-
Titmice, which Mr. Ogilvie-Grant had at once recognised as
belonging to a species quite distinct from P. britannicus.
Mr. Ingram was unaware that there was any particular
interest attaching to the birds, and it seemed extraordinary
that no one had hitherto noticed the striking characteristics
of the Irish Titmouse.

The pale mustard-colour of the patches on the sides of
the head and occipital spot, as well as of the breast and

* [Usually written “Oetakwa.”’ It appears that Mr. Meek, who is
at present engaged in collecting for Mr. Rothschild, has joined a Dutch
Expedition which is attempting to outstrip the B.O.U. Expedition and
be the first to reach Carstenz Peak, in the Snow Mountains, by way of
the Oetakwa River!—En. |

37 [ Vol. xxvii.

belly, also the clear cinnamon-coloured sides, flanks, and
upper tail-coverts, rendered P. Aibernicus distinguishable at
a glance from P. britannicus.

Through the kindness of Dr. Scharff he had been able to
examine five examples of the Irish Titmouse, preserved in
the National Museum of Ireland. One of these, a fine male
example from Athlone, had been obtained as long ago as
May 1865!

The species might be characterized as/ follows :—

PaRUS HIBERNICUS, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Differs from the male of P. britannicus,
Sharpe & Dresser, in having the light patches covering the
sides of the head and neck, as well as the occipital spot, pale
mustard-yellow, the back olive-grey washed with yellowish-
cinnamon, the upper tail-coverts cinnamon, in marked
contrast with the rest of the upperparts, the breast and
belly whitish, washed with mustard-yellow, and the sides
aud flanks cinnamon. Iris dark hazel; bill black; legs
bluish-slate-colour.

‘Total length ca. 43 inches; wiug 2°45; tail 1:9; tarsus
0:75.

Adult female. Similar to the adult male, but smaller.
Wing 2:2 inches.

Hab. Ireland.

Obs. In freshly killed examples the mustard-yellow colour
of the light patches on the sides of the head, occiput, and
underparts was very bright and conspicuous, but the colour
faded considerably a few days after death.

There could be no doubt that the British Coal-Titmouse
also occurred commonly in one locality at least in the north-
east of Ireland, for Mr. Ogilvie-Grant had himself obtained
a number of specimens at Clandeboye, Co. Down, in January
1904. These differed in no way from examples of P. bri-
tannicus from England and Scotland. He was not aware
whether these birds bred in Co. Down, or were merely
winter-migrants from the opposite coast of Great Britain.
Nothing more was known of the distribution of these two
species of Coal-Titmice in Ireland, as very few Irish birds
were at present available for comparison.

Vol. xxvii. | 38

Mr. Oeitvin-Grant also exhibited a very interesting
series of Harlequin Ducks (Cosmonetta histrionica, Linn.),
showing the ‘eclipse’ plumage of the male, which appeared
to have been hitherto unknown. He said that for many
years past he had been endeavouring to obtain examples of
this species showing the autumn change, but had only
recently succeeded in procuring them from Iceland. The
series included :—

1. Adult male still in full plumage. 9. vi. 10.

2. . going out of full plumage, in a more advanced stage
than either nos. 3 or 4. 5, vil. 10.

8. Adult male beginning to go out of full plumage. 18. vii. 09.

4, 3 going out of full plumage, in a more advanced stage
than no. 3. 19. vii. 10.

5. Adult male in full eclipse plumage. 11. viii. 10.

6. "9 os + 28. viii. 10.

7 ‘ Fe . a , but showing a few new
feathers of the black-and-white collar, and crescentic patches
on the sides of the breast. 31. viii. 10.

8. Adult male in full plumage. 12. x. 09.

He pointed out that the adult male in ‘ eclipse’ plumage
might be distinguished at a glance from the immature male
by the colour of the breast and belly. In the adult these
parts were uniform dark slaty-grey, while in the young bird
they were whitish, spotted with brown. The adult bird in
August had the head and neck sooty black, all the ornamental
markings having disappeared, except the white ear-spot and °
the white patches which lie between the base of the bill and
the eyes; on these patches, however, all the feathers were
fringed with sooty-black. The black-and-white collar round
the neck and the black-and-white crescentic patches on the
sides of the breast, as well as the chestnut sides and flanks,
were absent, and the long scapulars were uniform sooty-brown.
At this time all the flight-feathers had been shied and replaced
by new quills about three-quarters of aninch in length, The
tail-feathers were also being replaced ; in nos. 5 and 6 some
of the old feathers were still present, but in no. 7 (killed on
the 2lst of August) all had dropped out. Most of the
upper breast-feathers had been shed and partly renewed,

39 [ Vol. xxvii.

but the rest of the underparts were rather thinly clad
with loose and worn feathers, which dropped out when the
specimen was handled.

The Rev. F. C. R. Jourparn exhibited two specimens of
Long-tailed Titmice (#yithalus caudatus, Linn.), one from
Italy and the other from Corsica, and made the following
remarks :—‘‘ While working at Corsican birds my attention
was drawn to some remarks by Dr. Schiebel on the differ-
ences between the Long-tailed Titmice of Corsica and Italy.
On comparing the series in the British Museum from Spain,
Italy, and Corsica, it was at once evident that they could
not be ascribed to the same race, as has been done hitherto.
Irby’s Titmouse, 4. caudatus irlii, Sharpe & Dresser, was
originally described from the Gibraltar district. The Italian
bird is distinguishable at once by the pale vinous shoulder-
feathers, which, though less noticeable than in the British
form, are still well marked. From the British race the
Ttalian bird differs also in having a lighter and more slate-
coloured (instead of blackish) back, while the white median
stripe on the head is also, asa rule, much narrower. In the
Spanish form the vinous shoulder-feathers are entirely, or
almost entirely, absent. The Corsican bird at first sight
appears to resemble the Spanish form more closely than the
Italian. The vinous shoulder-feathers are almost absent;
the back is dark slate-colour; the white edges to the second-
aries are very narrow, as is also the median stripe on the head.
The material available is, however, at present insufficient
to warrant the separation of the Corsican race, although
it will probably prove to be an insular form, not unlike
LE. caudatus irbii*. The Italian race I propose to name

/EGITHALUS CAUDATUS ITALIA, subsp. n.
Type in the Tring Museum. ¢. No. 1190. Cremona,
Italy, ix. 07.

* Since this was written, Dr. C. Parrot [cf. Orn. Jahrb. xxi. p. 155
(1910) ] has separated the Corsican Long-tailed Titmouse under the name
of Af. ¢. tyrrhenicus, but only after comparison with Talian birds, which
are not 4. ¢. trbit.

Vol. xxvii. | 40

Dr. Ernst Harrerr said that he fully agreed with
Mr. Jourdain’s statements, and that the information re-
specting the Corsican form was at present insufficient to
warrant its separation.

Mr. E. Bipwe tt exhibited a photograph of fragments of
an ege of the Great Ank (Plautus impennis, L.), which, after
being for many years in the Museum at Dinan, had recently
been broken in pieces.

Mr. P. F. Bonyarp exhibited :—

1. A clutch of eggs of the Great Titmouse (Parus
major, Li.) with an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus, L.),
taken at Hollington, Sussex, on the 17th of May, 1906, and
believed to be the only known record of the Cuckoo using
the nest of that species.

2. A clutch of eggs of the Meadow-Pipit (Anthus
pratensis, L.) with a Cuckco’s egg, the eggs of the foster-
parent having peculiar angular marks.

3. A clutch of eggs and down of the Common Eider-Duck
(Somateria mollissima, L.) from a semi-albino female, taken
in Fife on the 11th of May, 1902. Both eggs and down
were abnormally pale.

Mr. G. M. Martuews described a new subspecies of Shear-
water as follows :—

PuFFINUS CHLORORHYNCHUS IREDALI, subsp. n.

Differs from typical P. chlororhynchus in its generally
larger size and darker colour, and in having a stronger lead-
coloured bill.

The bill of P. chlororhynchus is flesh-colour with dark tips.

The wing-measurements of the Kermadec bird are 315-
317 mm., and of the Australian form 277-285 mm.

Hab. Sunday Island, Kermadecs.

Type No. 253, Coll. G. M. Mathews.

4} [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. Matuews also remarked that he had examined the
type of Hopsaliria hilli, Campbell, and found it to be a
typical female example of Pachycephala melanura.

Dr. F. G. Penrose stated that the Migration Committee
would require about £25, in addition to the balance in hand,
in order to pay the expenses of the last Report, and he
appealed to individual Members for help. He mentioned
that the last Report had included the full account of the
autumn movements, which had been difficult to give in a
more condensed form; but in future he hoped that it
would be possible to produce a less bulky volume.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 1ith of January, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Ifembers of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice befurehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. |

(Signed)
P.L.Sctatser, W.R.Ocitvis-Grant, H.F. Witurrsy,
Chairman. Liditer. Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Eels ORNITHOLOGISTS: CLUS.

No. CLXVI.

Tax hundred and sixty-fourth Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 11th of January, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—W. 1. Braumont, E. Browe tt, C. D.
Borrer, P. F. Bunyarp, C. J. Carrout, C. Cuuss, Colonel
S. R. Crarkes, E. V. Earte, Rev. J. R. Harz, E. Hartert,
Ph.D., Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain, G. M. Maruews, H. Men,
W. R. Oeitvin-Granrt (ditor), C. OtpHam, C. E. Prar-
son, A. H. Pricz, Major F. W. Proctor, R. H. Reap,
C. B. Ricxnrt, Hon. Watter Rotuscuitp, Ph.D., A. D.
SapswortH, W. L. Scuater, F. C. SzrLous, D. Sers-Smira,
J. H. Stennovusze, M.B., R.N., N. F. Ticznurst, F.R.C.S.,
S. J. Warts, H. F. Wiruersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—T. P. Aupworrn, J. C. Harrert, R. O.
Martuews, Rev. C. E. Rozerts.

The Hon. Wattzr Roruscuitp and Dr. E.
exhibited and described examples of an Atlanti
which they proposed to call

TARONIan insti, "i
uty

BPeirel,
FEB 4]

i
i

_ PuFFINUS OBSCURUS ATLANTICUS, subsp. n., Noy.
and made the following remarks :— ‘onal Musev™
“Tn 1899 (cf. Nov. Zool. vi. p. 194) we reviewed the

[January 23rd, 1911.) VOL. XXVIE.

Vol. xxvii. | AA,

various forms of Puffinus obscurus, and adopted, with reserve,
the name of P. o. baillont, Bonap., for the birds from the
North Atlantic (Madeira group, Canary Islands, Azores, and
Cape Verde Islands). The same provisional name has, for
want of specimens from the Seychelles and neighbouring
islands, been adopted by Mr. Godman in his ‘ Monograph of
the Petrels.’ We have now, in the Tring Museum, six fine
adult examples of both sexes, as well as birds in moult and
young from the Seychelles and Réunion, and it is evident
that the bird from the North Atlantic differs from these as
follows :—

“The lores, which are dark in P. o. bailloni, are white,
except on the uppermost part, in P. o. atlanticus ; the dark
patch on each side of the chest is larger and of a darker
brown in P. o. bailloni, while in P. o. atlanticus it is greyer
in colour. Size similar.” Wing-measurement of P. 0. atlan-
ticus 180-190 mm.

“Type in the Tring Museum: 6 ad. Porto Santo, near
Madeira, 16.11.95. Padre Ernesto Schmitz coll.

‘“P. o. bailloni was described from the ‘Isle de France,’ 7. e,
Mauritius. here is only one form met with in the North-
east Atlantic, but on the American side P. 0. audubont occurs.
The amount of white on the edging to the inner webs of the
quills varies, being sometimes absent, sometimes more or
less developed. We have shown (Nov. Zool. ¢.c. p. 196)
that these birds from Madeira, &c. are not the same as P. o.
assimilis from the Australian and New Zealand seas.”

Mr. Roruscuiup and Dr. Harrert also exhibited a new
form of Spider-hunter, which they proposed to name

MULILESTES NOVA-GUINEH FLAVIVENTRIS, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from M. n. nove-guinee (Less.) in
having the underside, especially the abdomen, lighter and
more yellow, and the upperside also of a rather more
yellowish-green. The average size is also rather smaller :
the wing-measurement in males varies from 66-69 mm., as
compared with 69-72°8 in M. n. nove-guinee.

Hab, Aru Islands (Kobrur, Trangan, Wokan).

AS [eV Ole xexcwait

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. No. 2380. Tungei Bark,
Kobrur, Aru Islands, 27. viii.00. Heinrich Kiihn coll.

The Hon. Watrer Roruscuitp exhibited and described
examples of two new Parrots from Dutch New Guinea as
follows :—

CHARMOSYNOPSIS MULTISTRIATA, Sp. Nn.

Adult male. Fore-part of the crown green, forehead and a
short line above the eyes yellowish, hinder part of the crown
aud nape brown, hind-neck with orange-yellow stripes; rest
of the upperparts green. ‘Tail green, tips of the rectrices dull
yellow, the middle pair greenish-brown. Quills dull black,
outer webs of the secondaries and wing-coverts green, those
of the primaries edged with green. Sides of the head and
throat yellowish-green. Sides of the neck and underparts with
sharply defined, bright greenish-yellow stripes. Middle of
the vent and under tail-coverts red ; longer and lateral under
tail-coverts green, red at the base. Under surface of the tail
dull olive-yellow. ‘‘Iris dull red; upper mandible slaty-
blue, tip orange, lower mandible yellowish-red, base bluish-
slate-colour ; feet slate-blue.”” Waing 100 (the first three
primaries abruptly attenuated at the tip); tail: middle
rectrices 104, lateral pair 42; culmen from the end of the
cere in a Straight line 16°5 mm.

Hab. Upper “ Letekwa” or Oetakwa River.

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. No. 4252. Octakwa
River, 2. vii.10. A.S. Meek coll.

Obs. I do not recognize Salvadori’s genus Hypocharmosyna,
as it is founded on colour-differences only.

NAsITERNA PYGM#A VIRIDIPECTUS, subsp. n.

Two specimens of a small Nasiterna, marked as male and
female, but perhaps both females, are evidently closely allied
to N. p. pygmea, but differ in having the underside grass-
green, not yellowish-green, the cheeks of a darker brown,
and the sides of the head and neck dark green, instead of
brownish-yellow. Wing about 92 mm.

Hab. Upper “ Letekwa” or Oetakwa River.

Vol. xxvii. | 46

Type in the Tring Museum. No. 4460. Octakwa River,
Lavin. LO: ALS evleelkacoll:

Mr. Roruscuitp also made the following remarks :—

‘In the last number of the ‘ Bulletin ’ there appeared, on
page 36, an editorial note which refers to my collector, Mr. A.
S. Meek, and which might be misinterpreted. Mr. Meek
did not accompany the main Dutch Expedition exploring
towards Carstensz Peak, but joined the military escort which
formed the base camp on the Oetakwa River. Mr. Meek
has been collecting in the mountain-ranges nearer the
coast up to an elevation of from 6000 to 7000 feet, and
proposed to return to Sydney at the end of last December.
There he intended to refit his schooner before starting for
the Arfak Peninsula.”’

Dr. Ernst Harrert exhibited and described examples of
two new subspecies of birds which he proposed to name :-—

AMMOMANES DESERTI WAITAKERI, subsp. n.

Nearest to dA. d. phenicurvides (Blyth), but with the
breast and abdomen, as well as the jugulum, more or less
distinctly marked with dark brownish-grey stripes, which,
however, are not so dark as in A. d. assabensis, Salvad.
The bill is larger and yellower ; the colour of the upperside
less sandy and less grey, darker and of a more rufous-brown-
grey than in 4. d. phenicuroides; also the upper tail-coverts
are more rufescent. It differs from A. d. saturatus, Grant,
in the lighter and less grey colour of the upperside, and in
having a larger and yellower bill. ‘‘ Bill and legs yellow-
ochre.” Culmen 18-20°5; wing (approximately, all speci-
mens being in worn summer-plumage), ¢ 104-106°5, 9 97-
100 mm.

Hab. Djebel Soda in Tripoli.

This new form of Desert-Lark is named in honour of
Mr. Joseph I. 8. Whitaker.

Type in the Tring Muscum: ¢. No. 189. Koshby,
16. vi. O1.

47 [Vol. xxvil.

MuvnIA CANICEPS KUMUSII, subsp. n.

Similar to M. c. caniceps, Salvad., but with the wings,
back, and rump much paler, not deep chocolate-brown; and
- the middle of the breast and abdomen pale slaty-brown,
instead of black. Size similar, but the wing is a little
shorter and measures 48-50 mm.

Hab. Kumusi River, north coast of British New Guinea.

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. No. 3372. Kumusi River,
Drv O74 A. S. Meek coll.

Obs. Ten examples have been examined.

On behalf of Mr. T. Irepatz, Dr. Harterr communicated
the following notes entitled “ A new Generic Name for the
Australian Crane.”

Mr. Iredale writes :—“ Reichenbach [ef. Nat. Syst. Vogel,
p- xxili (1852)]| proposed Antigone for the species A. tor-
guata, which is now known by the specific name of A. collaris,
Boddaert. Congeneric with this species is classed the bird
described by Gould in 1847 as Grus australasianus, but
which Mr. Mathews has recently shown had been named
Ardea rubicunda by Perry, nearly forty years previously
[ef. Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 499 (1910)].

“Asa generic name Antigone seemed unsatisfactory, for
Hiibner had introduced Antigonus in 1816, Schumacher
Antigona in 1817, and Lowe Antigonia in 1844. None of
these, however, absolutely invalidated Antigone, but we were
relieved from this annoying state of affairs by the action of
Gray, who, in 1847, utilized Antigone for a molluse.

“As I can trace no alternative name for this genus of
Cranes, I herewith propose

Marnewsia, nom. n.

and designate as the type M. rubicunda (Perry) (= Ardea
rubicunda, Perry).

“The genus is named in honour of Mr. G. M. Mathews,
the author of the ‘ Birds of Australia,’ which is now being
issued.”

Vol. xxvii. | 48

Mr. G. M. Marnews exhibited and described an example
of anew subspecies of Grass-Wren, which he proposed to
name

AMYTORNIS STRIATUS OWENT, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from A. s. striatus (Gould) in having the
upper surface bright chestuut instead of rusty brown, and
the white shaft-streaks almost devoid of black edgings,
which form such a marked character in A. s. striatus.

Hab. West Australia: Bore Well, East Murchison.

Type No. 3933, G. M. Mathews coll.

Obs. The type of A. s. striatus was obtained on the
Liverpool Plains, New South Wales.

The Rev. J. R. Hare exhibited a very remarkable variety
of the British Robin (Hrithacus melophilus, Hartert), which
had been shot at Dunvegan, Isle of Skye, on the 7th of
November, 1910, by Mr. T. P. Aldworth. The specimen
might be described as follows :—

Crown, nape, and rump dark grey, shading into olive-grey
on the back, wings, and tail ; forehead and lores pure white ;
throat and chest white, bordered with bright rust-red ; sides
and flanks grey ; rest of the underparts white.

This fine variety had been presented to the Natural History
Museum by Mr. Aldworth, and when mounted would be
placed on exhibition in the Gallery.

Mr. H. Munr exhibited a nest and a clutch of five eggs of
the Emperor Goose (Philacte canagica, Seyast.) taken at
Goodnews Bay, Alaska, on the 20th of June, 1910. The nest
was composed of dry grass mixed with down, and was found
near the Aralik River. It is very improbable that any more
nests or eggs of this fine Goose will be obtained, as they are
now being very strictly preserved. An order has been issued

by the Minister of Agriculture to forbid the taking of their

eggs.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited eggs of several species of
birds and read the following notes :—
1. A remarkable egg of the Guillemot (Uria troile, L.),

a. ee a

49 [ Vol. xxvil.

with the ground-colour vivid lemon-yellow, the blue pigment
ordinarily present in eggs of the normal green colour being
absent. This seemed to suggest that the layers of pigment
forming the ground-colours on eggs were deposited separately.
In support of this theory he had brought two green eggs
of the same species in which the yellow pigment showed
distinctly through the green on some portions of the shell.
The egg with the yellow ground-colour was apparently pre-
maturely laid, or possibly the bird was deficient in blue
pigment. The specimen, which had been found on the Welsh
coast, was the property of Mr. T. P. Aldworth, who had
kindly lent it for exhibition.

2. Bullfinch (Pyrrhula europea, Vieill.).—Two clutches
of white eggs laid by the same bird and taken in Surrey.
Two eggs out of each clutch of four had surface-markings
of pale red, while the others were devoid of markings. The
first clutch was found on the 4th of June, the second on the
25th of June, 1910.

3. Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla (L.)).—Two clutches of
eggs of the red variety from Surrey, laid by the same bird.
The first clutch was taken on the 4th of June, and in seven
days the birds had built another nest and deposited one egg ;
on the 12th the clutch had been completed.

4. Linnet (Linota cannabina (L.)).—A clutch of five eggs
taken in Surrey on the 4th of June, with large suffused
markings of pale brown, seldom seen on eggs of this
species.

Referring to Mr. Bunyard’s exhibit of a clutch of eggs of
the Great Titmouse containing an egg of the Cuckoo, and
reported on in the last number of the ‘ Bulletin’ (p. 40),
Mr. J. B. Dossiz writes :—

‘“Mr. Bunyard has expressed his belief that his record of
the Cuckoo using the nest of the Great Titmouse was the
only known instauce. This is not the case, as reference to
the following works will show: ‘ Altes und neues aus dem
Haushalte des Kuckucks’ and ‘ Die Hier der Vogel Mittel-

Vol. xxvii.] ~ 50

europas,’ both by the late Dr. Rey, of Leipzig, and the
former work having been published as long ago as 1892” *.

Mr. C. J. Carrotr exhibited some remarkable varieties of
various species of birds :—

(1) A very dark example of the melanistic variety known
as Sabine’s Snipe (Gallinago gallinago, L.). Limerick,
26. x. 10.

(2) A variety of the Snipe intermediate between Sabine’s
Snipe and the normal form. Galway, 26.x. 08.

(3) A cream-coloured Snipe. Galway, 16. xi. 08.

(4) A pied example of the Jackdaw (Corvus monedula,
Linn.). Clare, 3.1. 10.

(5) A very pale, almost cream-coloured, example of
the Mistle-Thrush (Turdus viscivorus, L.). Wicklow,
ioe xa OO!

(6) A variety of the Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris, L.). Kerry,
24. x. 08.

(7) A semi-albino example of the Pied Wagtail (Motacilla
lugubris, Temm.). Leitrim, 5.x. 10.

Mr. C. E. Hetemayr pointed out that a mistake bad been
made in his description cf Calospiza hubert published in the
last number of the ‘ Bulletin? On page 35, line 14, it
should read ‘ while the latter (C. flava) may be distinguished
by having, &c.,”’ instead of ‘‘ and from the latter in having,

&e PP)

Mr. W. R. Oeritvie-Grant stated that he found that the
name Carpodacus incertus, which he had given to the Rose-
Finch from Formosa, would have to be changed, as it had
already been used by Risso for the bird commonly known as

* [We find Parus major mentioned in the “ List of Western Palie-
arctic species in the nest of which the Cuckvo’s egg has been found.”
(Cf. Bull. B. O.C. v. p. xxxili, 1896). —Ep. ]

51 [ Vol. xxvii.

Carpodacus erythrinus (Pall.). He therefore proposed to
call the Formosan Rose-Finch

Carpopacus FORMOSANUS, hom. n.

Mr. Grant said that through the courtesy of Mr. C. W.
Richmond, of the United States National Museum, his
attention had been called to this oversight.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 8th of February, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. |

(Signed )
P.L.Scrater, W.R.Ocinvizr-Grant, H.F. Witnersy,
Chairman. Editer. Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Palbish ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

No. CLXVII.

Tue hundred and sixty-fifth Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 8th of February, 1911.

Chairman: H. M. Urcuer.

Members present:—W. I. Braumont, E. Bipwet., S.
Boorman, C. Borrer, P. F. Bunyarp, C. J. Carrott, C.
Cuuss, E. V. Earte, J. M. Goopatt, Rev. J. R. Hate,
Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain, G. M. Maruews, J. G. Mittats,
Hon. E. S. Monraev, M.P., H. Mtnz, T. H. Newman,
W. R. Ocitvie-Granr (Editor), C. Otpuam, F. G. Penrosz,
M.D., W. P. Pycrart, R. H. Reav, C. B. Rickert, J.
Sarcent, D. Sern-Suitu, EH. F. Stanrorp, J. H. Strenuouss,
M.B., R.N., N. F. Ticeunurst, F.R.C.S., J. Witxinson,
H. F. Wiruersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—T. P. ALpwortH, W. W. Grant, C. 8. Mearss,
D. H. Mearzs, Lord Witi1am Percy, J. Beppatt Siri,
P. B. Smytu.

The Chairman announced that the next Meeting of the
Club would be devoted to a show of Lantern-slides. It would
be held on March 15th, as it had been found more convenient
on this occasion to hold the Meeting on the third Wednesday
in March.

[March 3rd, 1911.) VOL.

Y
A. sonian, ingtiz,

Lp, Bo.
iy)

| oh

RIS 19)

vy. si .
“onal Musew™,

Vol. xxvii. | 54.

Mr. J. G. Mituais exhibited an adult male Black Grouse
(Lyrurus tetriz, Linn.) which had partially assumed the
plumage of the female. It had been shot by Mr. F. Stobart
at Glen Trool, Wigtonshire, on the 20th of September, 1910,
and was now the property of Lord William Percy, by whom
it had been kindly lent for exhibition. Mr. Millais believed
this to be the first record of a British-killed example of
this rare abnormality. The only other examples of a similar
kind had been procured in Russia, and specimens might be
seen both in the British Museum and in the collection of
Mr. Walter Rothschild. The sex of the bird exhibited had
been carefully ascertained by Mr. George Duncan, of New-
castle, who reported that the testes appeared to be perfectly
healthy and similar to those of a normal male.

Mr. Mituats also exhibited a specimen of an adult male
hybrid Pheasant (Phasiunus colchicus x P. torquatus)
partially assuming the plumage of the female. ‘The bird
had been shot by himself at Alnwick Castle, Northumber-
land, on the 23rd of November, 1910. He had previously
recorded two examples of this rare variety—one obtained in
Dublin in 1890 and at present in the Eton College Museum,
and the other in the collection of Mr. Walter Rothschild.
He would not have noticed the peculiarities in the plumage
of this bird had it not fallen at his feet. This variety might
not be so rare as the records of its occurrence led one to
suppose. The sex of the specimen exhibited had been eare-
fully ascertained by Messrs. Hoad and Taylor, who found it
to be a normal male.

Mr. Oeitvis-Grant remarked that Dr. H. Hammond-
Smith had obtained three male Pheasants assuming female
plumage, which were even more remarkable than the one
shown by Mr. Millais. It was Dr. Hammond-Smith’s
intention to describe and exhibit these birds at some forth-
coming meeting of the Zoological Society *.

* {A full description of the hybrids in question will be found in the
‘Field’ of the 25th February, 1911.—-Ep. |

55 [ Vol. xxvit.

Mr. W. P. Pycrarr cited the case of a male Pheasant
in female plumage, which at the succeeding moult resumed
the normal plumage. He also suggested that it would be
interesting to re-examine some of these hen-feathered males
to ascertain to what extent the pattern of the plumage had
been changed. It might be that the plumage of these
abnormal birds approached that of the female rather on
account of the lack of pigmentation than because of a change
of pattern in the feathers.

Mr. Mittats also made the following remarks on the
partial summer-plumage of the male of the Red Grouse, in
answer to Mr. Ogilvie-Grant’s paper which had been read
ony June the lath, 1910) [ef. Bull. B.O.C. xxv. p. 122
(1910) ] :—

““Tt is somewhat difficult to submit to the Members of the
Club a question in which three ornithologists only have
specialized—viz., Dr. E. A. Wilson, Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, and
myself,— because we cannot lay before them the whole of
our material. Mr. Grant in denying that any spring-moult
takes place states that there is no moult till the end of
April, and that the bird makes ‘practically no change till
the end of May or beginning of June.” Now I place before
the Members new feathers (blood-quills) taken from birds
killed as early as the 24th of March and onwards throughout
April. I maintain that these are the ornamental and partial
breeding-plumage of the cock Grouse. Mr. Grant, after
stating in his book on Game-Birds and elsewhere that birds
breed in their winter-plumage, now alters his views and
admits that he finds one or two new feathers of the ‘ autumn-
plumage’ making their appearance towards the end of April.
If the Members of the Club will examine the specimens
placed before them they will see a great many more than
one or two feathers, for in some cases the whole of the head
and nape are in a state of moult. Mr. Grant also states
that I have mistaken old autumn feathers for new ones.
That is impossible, because I have called no feathers new
except those which I myself have plucked with the quills.

Vol. xxvii. ] 56

full of blood. One of the chief points that now arises in
this discussion is, What is a spring- or breeding-dress ?
Surely it is the plumage a bird assumes in the spring
and moults in the autumn. A Knot or Golden Plover
assumes a partial ornamental dress in April, which is shed
in August, so also does the male Grouse, but to a less
extent, and this is supplemented in June by the true autumn-
dress, which the bird casts in August and September. Are
we, therefore, to call in future every new spring-plumage an
‘autumn-dress’? I object very strongly to Mr. Grant’s
remark that it is ‘conclusively proved’ that the male Grouse
breeds only in its winter-summer plumage, because I con-
sider his views are quite opposed to my observations. The
only way to note the correct progress of any plumage change
is by means of freshly killed birds when young and old
feathers can be distinctly seen. I had a large number of
males shot for that purpose—two a week between February
and June,—and maintain that my views on this question
published in my book and in the ‘ Field’ are correct in every
particular.”

Mr. Oerivie-Grant said that he had listened to all
Mr. Millais had to say and regretted that he could not agree
with his conclusions. He had not altered his views in any
way, and the fact remained that the male Red Grouse did
undoubtedly breed in its winter-plumage. The bird which
Mr. Millais had found moulting on the head and neck on
the 24th of March had no doubt been suffering from disease
and was still completing its deferred winter-moult. This
was clearly shown by the feathers exhibited, which were
chestnut and black, and obviously formed part of the winter-
plumage. The autumn-plumage feathers exhibited, and
taken from birds killed on the Ist and 6th of April, appeared
no doubt to indicate the commencement of the autumn-
plumage. As he had already pointed out, such individuals
were quite exceptional. It seemed probable that the males
when fighting with one another should sometimes lose a few
feathers on the head and neck, and that these, when renewed,
should resemble the coming autumn-plumage. In company

57 [ Vol. xxvii.

with Mr. Pycraft he had recently spent some weeks in
making a minute examination of the hundreds of Grouse-
skins procured by the Committee of the Grouse Disease
Inquiry, and also of the large series of skins in the Natural
History Museum. In none of these birds could any
trace be found of the partial spring-plumage described by
Mr. Millais. Mr. Grant said that in getting together the
Museum series of Red Grouse he had received about twelve
male and twelve female birds killed in each month from
January to May, and that the males, though subjected to
a minute examination in the flesh, showed no trace of moult
until the autumn-plumage began to make its appearance
towards the end of May or beginning of June.

Mr. Pycrarr remarked that in company with Mr. Ogilvie-
Grant he had made a careful study of a very large number
of skins of the Red Grouse, and entirely agreed with his
conclusions.

Mr. W. R. Ocitviz-Grant exhibited an example of a new
species of Flycatcher which he described as follows :—

TARSIGER ELGONENSIS, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Similar to T. orientalis, Fischer & Reich.,
but with the outer tail-feathers black except at the extreme
base, which is yellow. In TY. orientalis the yellow colour
extends over the basal three-quarters of all the tail-feathers
except the middle pair. Iris dark brown; bill black; feet
dull green.

Wing 3°3 inches.

Hab. Mount Elgon, 7000-9000 ft., B. E. Africa.

Obs. The species was first procured by Mr. F. J. Jackson,
but was not distinguished from the allied 7. orientalis.
Subsequently it was obtained by Mr. Robin Kemp, the
naturalist on the Rudd Expedition to B. EH. Africa.

Mr. J. H. Gurney exhibited two Seventeenth Century
prints of the Bass Rock from Sleezer’s ‘ Theatrum Scotiz,’
and remarked on the diminution in the number of Gannets
which in the time of Sleezer and John Ray bred on the

Vol. xxvii. ] 58

upper slopes of the Bass. At the present day the Gannets
were almost entirely confined to the cliffs, where alone they
found security from interruption.

Mr. W. P. Pycrart gave a short account of his investiga-
tions relating to the down-plumage of the Barn-Owl (Strix
flammea, Linn.) ; pointing out that in that species, as,
apparently, in all the Owls, two distinct generations of down-
feathers were developed. The protoptyle, or first generation,
in the Barn-Owl had so far never been described and was
not easy to detect. The second, or mesoptyle generation,
consisted of larger, longer, but very degenerate feathers,
contrasting strongly with the mesoptyle feather of the Tawny
Qwl (Syrnium aluco, Linn.). He also pointed out that the
term “ mesoptyle’”’ did not indicate a feather intermediate
in structure between the typical down-feather and the
typical contour-feather, but the down-feathers of the second
generation, which were of a much more degenerate character
in some birds than in others.

Mr. Pycrarr then exhibited a drawing of the head of
Gould’s Harrier (Circus assimilis, Jard. & Selby), showing
the aperture of the ear, which he compared with that of the
Owls, to which it bore some resemblance.

The Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain exhibited a clutch of three
eggs of the large Hastern form of Bewick’s Swan, Cygnus
bewickt jankowskii, Alphéraky, from Okhotsk. They were
distinctly larger than those of the Western race, four eggs
averaging 110°2x70°9 mm., and they appeared to furnish
an instance in which the eggs of a subspecific form were
distinguishable.

A very interesting exhibition of nests and eggs of Cross-
bills was then held. The greater part of the exhibits
consisted of eggs of the Continental Crossbill, Lowxia curvi-
rustra curvirostra, Linn., which had been laid during the
season 1910 in different parts of England and Ireland; but,
for purposes of comparison, a number of Continental-taken

59 [ Vol. xxvii.

clutches were also shown, as well as those of the resident
Scotch race, L. c. scotica, Hartert, and of the Parrot Cross-
bill, L. pityopsittacus, Borkh. A number of nests both of
the Continental and Scotch races were also shown ; these
exhibited remarkable divergences in construction and
materials. Contributions had been received from Messrs. T. P.
Aldworth, C. Borrer, P. F. Bunyard, C. J. Carroll, J. M.
Goodall, C. 8S. Meares, W. E. Renaut, Beddall Smith, P. B.
Smyth, the Rev. J. Hale, and the Rev. F. C. R. Jourdain.
In introducing this remarkable exhibition Mr. Jourpain
remarked that the material available for the study of these
eggs had hitherto been very scanty, and Mr. Witherby’s
researches had shown that there was no authentic record of
nesting in the same locality in England for two consecutive
years, although there was a probability that this had
occasionally taken place. In Ireland, although not in-
digenous, the species tended to become resident, but the
eggs exhibited that evening were the first Irish taken eggs
he had seen. On the whole, it was evident that the range of
variation in the eggs of the Common Crossbill was very wide,
many eggs exceeding the average of those of L. pityopsittacus
in size, while others were much inferior; in colour and
markings there was also much variation.

Mr. Ogitvie-Grant remarked that among the nesting-
series of British Birds in the Natural History Museum
there was a group of Crossbills, with their nest and eggs,
taken by Mr. R. J. Ussher in Co. Waterford.

Mr. C. J. Carrot exhibited the following series of
clutches of eggs of the Continental Crossbill (Lowia curvi-
rostra, Linn.) taken in Ireland :—

Clutch of four eggs, Co. Tipperary, 29th March, 1910 (C. J. C.).
% 2 Co. Dublin, 28th April, 1907 (&. Hamilton
Hunter).
» four eggs, Co. Wicklow, 26th April, 1908 (R. H. H.).
» three eggs, Co. Wicklow, 10th May, 1907 (Rk. H. H.).
» four eggs, Co. Wicklow, 9th June, 1909 (&. H. H.)
7 » south Cavan, srd May, 1908 (D. Carmichael),

Vol. xxvii. | 60

Mr. Carroll remarked that these sets were probably all laid
by Crossbills resident in Ireland, as they had been taken
annually since 1907.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited the following clutches :—

Continental Crossbill (Z. curvirostra, Linn.).
*Clutch of three eggs, Surrey, 25th March, 1910.
os oes four eggs, Surrey, 5th April, 1910.
> three eges, Surrey, Ist April, 1910 (lent by T. Skilton).
Eee four eggs, Suffolk, 3rd April, 1910.

RE 92 » Kent, 17th April, 1910 (lent by C. F’. Stedman),

» three egos, Kent, 20th April, 1910 (lent by H. H.
Andrews).
Feats five eggs, Kent, 25th May, 1910 (lent by H. R. Tutt).

Scottish race (L. c. scotica, Hartert).
Clutch of four eggs, Ross-shire, 8th April, 1900.

Parrot Crossbill (L. pityopsittacus, Borkh.).

Clutch of four eggs, Wermland, 10th March, 1908.
Ae es 5 29th March, 1903.
on op Lapland, 4th February, 1905.
on five eges, » 20th February, 1905.

Clutches of eggs of the Crossbill were also shown by the
following gentlemen :—
W. E. Renavr.
Clutch of four eges (Lovia curvirostra), Berkshire, 7th April, 1910.
a three ,, a as 16th April, 1910.
J. Beppatu Smita.

Clutch of four eggs (Z. ¢. scotica), Scotland, 27th April, 1909.
(ZL. curvirostra), Norfolk, 2nd April, 1910.
16th April, 1910.

” ”?

”) ” ”? )

C. Stantey Meares.
Clutch of four eggs (LZ, curvirostra), Norfolk, 4th April, 1910.
24th April, 1910.
oA os 53 ar 25th April, 1910.
Two eges (part of clutch of four: Z. curvirostra), Norfolk,
24th April, 1910.

” ” ” ”

* Recorded in ‘ British Birds.’

eh

61 [ Vol. xxvii.

Percy B. Suyru.
Clutch of four eggs (L. ewrvirostra), Norfolk, 38rd April, 1910.

” three ,, ” ” ” ”

J. M. Goopatt.
Clutch of four eggs (L. e. scotica), Ross-shire, 19th April, 1901.
Four clutches of eggs of LZ. curvirostra from Scandinavia.
Five clutches of eggs of Z. pityopsittacus from Scandinavia.

T. P. Atpworra.
Clutches of eggs of L. curvirostra from Kent, 1910.

Rev. James R. Hate.
Four clutches of eggs of L. curvirostra from Kent, 1910,

Rev. F. C. R. Jourpatrn.
Four clutches of eggs of Z. curvirostra from Styria, taken in
1910; one clutch of egg of LZ. e. scotica from Ross-shire.

CuirrorD Borrer.
Clutches of Z. ¢. scotica from Ross-shire.

The Rev. James R. Hate drew attention to the extreme
variation in the size, material, and situation of the nests of
the Crossbill. Sometimes the nest was small and compact,
at others a large untidy structure. Those exhibited were all
situated near public roads, and the material used for their
lining was in one instance entirely composed of feathers
and straw taken from the yard of a public-house. He
remarked that he had seen at least two pairs in the same
locality during the week beginning the 6th of February,
1911, and one pair showed signs of early nesting in the
same place as last year. As it seemed doubtful whether the
Crossbill now resident in Ireland was L. c¢. curvirostra or
L. ec. scotica, he hoped that Irish naturalists would turn
their attention to the maiter.

Mr. H. M. Urcuer remarked that Crossbills used to
breed regularly in a small clump cf fir-trees near Brandon
Station, Norfolk.

Vol. xxvii.] 62

Mr. G. M. Marnews exhibited and described examples of
a new species of Owl as follows :—

NINOX KUMERALIS QUEENSLANDICA, subsp. n. .

Differs from typical N. humeralis (Hombr. & Jacq.),
from New Guinea, in having the light-coloured bars on the
under surface white, and the brown ones with a very slight
tinge of buff. All the bars on the under surface are wider
than in N. humeralis.

Hab. The Hollows, Mackay, North Queensland.

Type No. 6119, coll. G. M. Mathews.

Obs. Immature birds shot in Queensland are hardly to
be distmguished from immature examples of N. humeralis
shot in New Guinea, but in the fully adult plumage they
are very distinct.

Mr. Maruews also exhibited and described examples of a
new subspecies of “ Squeaker ”” :—

APHELOCEPHALA LEUCOPSIS PALLIDA, subsp. n.

Differs from typical A. leucopsis (Gould) in being much
paler in colour, both above and below.

Obs. This desert form was collected by Mr. Edwin Ashby
at Leigh’s Creek, in South Australia, on the 21st of August,
1910.

Type No. 6195, coll. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. Rosert H. Reap exhibited an example of a pale
variety of the Robin (Hrithacus rubecula) in which all trace
of rufous colouring was absent. The throat, breast, and
entire underparts were of a pale ashy grey, whilst the whole
of the upperparts were of a greyish-brown tinge. It was
found dead in Somersetshire in the winter of 1889.

Mr. Reap also exhibited some unusually coloured eggs of
the Chaffinch (Fringilla celebs, Linn.). In one set the
large ends were entirely covered with rich purple-brown

;
j
:
.
4

63 [ Vol. xxvii.

markings ; a second set was of a uniform deep blue colour,
whilst a third was a uniform pale blue. Other specimens
abnormal in colouring, size, or shape were also shown.

The next Meeting of the Club, which will be held
on Wednesday, the 15th of March, 1911, at PAGANI’S
RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., will be
devoted to a show of lantern-slides. The Dinner at 7 p.m,
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members are reminded that those anxtous to exhibit
slides are requested to inform the Editor of their intention
to do so with. ut delay, and to furnish him with a list of
subjects. |

(Signed)
H.M. Urcuer, W.R. Ocitvie-Grant, H.F. WitHersy,
Chairman, Editor. Sec. & Treas.

oe

BULLETIN /awsorian Institue \
fs . \
APR 15 ill

1 F ay ae
National Muse

Polish) ORwitHOLOGISTS’ CLUB:

OF THE

No. CLXVIII.

Tue hundred and sixty-sixth Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 15th of March, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sce., F.R.S.

Members present:—J.C. Baker, M.D., W. I. Beaumont,
W. Bickerton, E. Broweti, J. L. Bonuots, S. Boorman,
C. D. Borrer, C. M. Bucxtey, P. F. Bunyarp, C. Cuuss,
K. J. A. Davis, F. D. Drewirt, M.D., E. V. Earte,
H. J. Exvwes, Guy L. Ewen, J. Gerrarp, HE. Gisson,
H. Gooncuitp, Water Gooprettow, F. H. C. Govutp,
Lord Lucas, G. A. Macmitntan, W. E. F. Macmiuuan,
G. M. Matnews, Hon. E. S. Montacu, M.P., P. W. Munn,
H. Ment, Heatiey Noste, W.R. Ocitviz-Grant (ditor),
C. OtpHam, C. BE. Pearson, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., A. E.
Price, Major F. W. Proctor, R. H. Reap, W. E. Renavr,
H. W. Ricumonp, C. B. Rickert, C. Russett, A. D. Saps-
wortH, J. Sarcent, G. Scuwann, D. Seru-Smitu, E. F.
Sranrorp, J. H. Srennouss, M.B., R.N., Major H. Trrry,
N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S8., A. B. Trevor-Batryz, R. J.
Ussuer, Lieut. R. E. Vauenan, R.N., H. M. Watts, H. F.
Wirnersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Guests of the Club :—R. B. Lonez, J. 8. 8S. Marswat.

Visitors :—H. H. Arnotp, lL. Incuam Basser, G. L. Barus,
J. Berry, J. Borner, Captain L. C. Bropiz, E. J. Brook,

[March 28th, 1911.] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii.] 66

H. Tazor Brooxs, H. E. Burnann, R. G. Canti, W.
L’Aicte Corse, A. CoLert, G. F. S. Davis, G. Evans,
L. Ewen, C. E. Facan, W. Farren, J. K. Fowrzr, H. C.
Grirrity, E. Hous, C. S. Mearzs, T. Mitier, R. Mison,
N. Nosiz, W. M. Pact, Max Poser, C. N. PENNEFATHER,
E. F.de Rovermont, R. P. Stone, W. Currron Tazor, C.G.
TatBot-Ponsonsy, Sir THomas H. C. Trovusrives, Bart.,.
Miss E. L. Turner, P. E. Vaueuan, Basit Watts, M.D.,
T. Wetts, SmirnH Wartine.

The Meeting of the Club, the largest since its commence-
ment in 1892, included 53 Members and 39 Guests, making
a total of 92.

After the health of ‘Tur Kine,’ the Cuarrman said that
he had much pleasure in welcoming back Mr. Walter
Goodfellow, until lately the leader of the B.O. U. Expedi-
tion in Dutch New Guinea. As they all knew and deplored,
Mr. Goodfellow had been invalided home, but he was glad
to see that he now appeared to have completely recovered
from his recent severe illness. He was sure that all those
present would join him in congratulating Mr. Goodfellow
on his safe return after his arduous labours on behalf of
the Union and would drink to his health and success in any
future explorations he might undertake in the more remote
and unknown parts of the world.

The toast was responded to with great enthusiasm and
cheers by all present.

Mr. GoopreLtow in a few words expressed his sincere
thanks for the cordial welcome which had been extended to
him.

Mr. W. R. Oeitvin-Grant exhibited male and female
examples of the splendid Bird of Paradise (Xanthomelus
ardens, D’ Albert. & Salvad.) which had been procured by the
B.O.U. Expedition on the Waitakwa River, in Dutch New
Guinea. The orange-scarlet and yellow male, one of the
finest birds known, was now exhibited for the first time in

67 [ Vol. xxvii.

England. The species had been originally described from
a portion of a male example procured by D’Albertis from
natives on the upper Fly River. It had heen figured in
Sharpe’s ‘Monograph of the Birds of Paradise,’ vol. ii.
pl. xxvi. (1896), as having the throat black, like the allied
form, X. aureus (Linn.), found in the Arfak Peninsula of
N.W. New Guinea; but the throat was missing in the
imperfect type specimen which was preserved in the Genoa
Museum, so that the black coloration of those parts, as
shown in the plate, was purely imaginary. This mistake had
been corrected by Dr. Van Oort, of the Leiden Museum,
who had received two adult males collected by Dr. H. A.
Lorentz, procured during his second expedition up the Noord
River in Southern Dutch New Guinea. One of these had
been compared with the type by Dr. Gestro, who pronounced
them to be undoubtedly of the same species [cf. Nova
Guinea, ix. Zool. p. 100, pl. 11. (1909) ].

Mr. Oertviz-Grant also exhibited a small and brilhantly
coloured Parrot from the Upper Mimika River which
appeared to be new and which he proposed to describe as
follows :—

CYCLOPSITTACUS GODMANTI, Sp. ui.

Adult male. Most nearly allied to C. occidentalis, Salvad.,
and C. blythi, Wallace, and resembles the latter in having no
green spot beneath the eye. It differs from both in having
the feathers on the cheeks, sides of the head, and throat
narrow and much lengthened, forming a distinct beard of a
pale orange-yellow colour, as long as that of C. edwardsi,
Oustalet ; a well-defined band across the chest and the sides
of the breast verditer-blue; no trace of scarlet on the sides
of the upper breast ; the rest of the underparts grass-green ;
and a bright orange-yellow band across the upper mantle,
contrasting with the scarlet crown and nape. Iris pale
hazel ; orbital skin black ; bill black; feet pale olive-green.

Wing 4°65 ; tail (imperfect) 2°2 inches.

Hab. Upper Mimika River, Southern Dutch New Guinea.

Type in the British Museum. 4. No. 215. Paramau,

Vol. xxvii. | 68

19. ix. 10 (C. H. B. Grant). 3B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch
New Guinea.

Obs. This fine species has been named in honour of
Mr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., the President of the British
Ornithologists’ Union.

Mr. G. M. Maruews contributed the following descrip-
tion of a new subspecies of Grass-Finch, which he proposed
to name

Po®PHILA PERSONATA BELCHERI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from P. p. personata, Gould, in having
the back uniform reddish-brown; the ear-coverts and under-
surface slightly hghter in colour; and the black under the
chin extending in a V-shape for about 12 mm. “Bill
yellow ; eyes, feet, and tarsus red” (J. P. Rogers). Length
123 mm.; wing 60; culmen 12; tarsus 16.

Hab. Parry’s Creek, North-west Australia.

Type ¢, No. 3553, G. M. Mathews coll.

This species is named in honour of Mr. Charles Belcher,
of Geelong, Victoria.

The following lantern-slides were then exhibited :—

Dr. F. G. Penrosr showed a very remarkable series of
slides in natural colours taken on Lumiere autochrome plates.
He said that the length of time required for the exposure,
which was generally from three to six seconds, was not so
serious a hindrance to obtaining good pictures as might
have been expected, as “ sitting-birds” in a good many
cases remain motionless for quite long periods when once
comfortably settled down on their nests. His beautiful
photographs, the like of which had never been shown at
any previous meeting of the Club, were much admired by
all present, and the Chairman expressed a hope that this
new departure in colour-photography might be only the first
of many similar exhibitions. The slides included life-like
pictures of the following species :—

1. Merlin (Falen esalon), nest and eggs.
2. Eggs of the Nightjar (Caprimulgus europeus).

69 [ Vol. xxvii.

Partridge (Perdix perdix) on its nest.
Woodcock (Scolopax rusticula) on its nest.
Norfolk Plover (Gidicnemus edicnemus), female.
» 22 ee) ” male.
Peewit (Vanellus vanellus) on its nest.
. Nest and eggs of the Peewit.
9, 10. Ringed Plovers (Hgialitis hiaticola) on their
nests.
11. Common Tern (Sferna fluviatilis) on its nest.
12. Gulls in a field.
13, 14. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) : front view and side
view.

Oe GeO eae

The next item on the programme was a series of cinema-
tograph pictures taken by Dr. Eric Marshall, a member of
the B. O. U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea. This
proved especially interesting, and gave a most realistic
idea of the camp-life of the Expedition on the Mimika
River, and of the manners and customs of the natives.
Mr. Walter Goodfellow greatly added to the enjoyment of
the spectators by giving short explanations of the scenes
depicted. These photographs showed various types of the
natives of Paramau at the head-waters of the Mimika; the
fellmg of a large forest tree by natives and its fall across
the river; the chopping-out with axes of a “dug-out”
canoe from the large trunk of a tree, and the mode in which
it is subsequently partly burnt out and charred below to
harden the rather soft wood. The bottoms of the canoes
are constantly charred in this way to destroy the worms
which riddle them with holes. Other scenes were the
pioneer journey of the Expedition up the Mimika River in
canoes ; the descent of the river in canoes which are pro-
pelled with long paddles by natives standing in an erect
position and working in perfect unison; a native sacrifice,
in which two captive boars are finally clubbed to death with
much pomp and ceremony; a native dance and display of
arms ; natives disporting themselves in the river; Captain
Rawling nursing two native children, who seem greatly to
resent his attentions; and other interesting scenes of the
daily life of the expedition.

Vol. xxvii. | 70

The following slides were shown by Miss E. L. Turner :—

1,2. Swallow (Hirundo rustica) feeding its young
with dragon-flies.

3,4. Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) : the hen sitting ;
and male regurgitating to the female.

5,6. Tree-Creeper (Certhia familiaris), showing protec-
tive coloration and the modification of the beak and
claws.

7-9. Nuthatch (Sitta cesia) running down a tree,
showing formation of the foot, and running to its
nest.

10, 11. Snipe (Gallinago gallinago) luring its young from
the nest and brooding over them.

12,13. Young Heron (Ardea cinerea) perched on a tree;
and standing on the ground.

14, Lesser Redpoll (Linota rufescens) feeding its young.

15-17. Grey Wagtail (Motacilla melanope) on nest,
taken in Kent; running up stream; and feeding
its young.

18-20. Mistle-Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) : three studies
of the female feeding her young.

21-23. Corn - Bunting (Hmberiza miliaria) slipping
through herbage to her nest ; feeding young with
larve; feeding young with berries.

24-26. Mallard Duck (Anas boscas) brooding over its
eggs ; removing its eggs; and brooding over its
eggs after removing them from the nest.

27,28. Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa grisola) in the
nest of a Thrush (Turdus musicus) ; male feeding
young ; and female brooding.

29-31. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) : male on rail ; female
with fish, back view and front view.

32-34. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) : three studies of the
six young.

Mr. W. Bickerton exhibited an interesting series of
slides, including good photographs of a number of well-
known species, as follows :—

fil | Vol. xxvi.

J. The Warer-Hen. ((rallinula chloropus.) (Taken in
Hertfordshire.)

1,2. A nest with five eggs under a yew tree.

3. A nest with nine eggs on the trailing branches of a
wild rose tree.

4-12. Another nest in an open situation, built against
a post supporting a wire-fence across a stream.
The various modes by which the bird approached
her nest were well illustrated, the most curious
showing the Water-Hen walking along one of the
wires, and using both her wings and tail to
maintain her balance; the absence of membrane
on her toes was clearly visible. For comparison, a
photograph (No. 10) of the Coot (Fulica atra)
climbing on to her nest was also exhibited, the lobed
membrane on the toes being well shown.

13. Two Water-Hens at a Pheasants’ feeding-place,
showing the white patch beneath the tail, which
probably serves as a “ recognition mark.”

II. The Common Snips. (Gallinago gallinago.) (Taken
in Hertfordshire.)

1,2. Nest with four eggs in the long grass of a water-
meadow.

3-7. Showing the gradual approach of the bird through
the grass and her habit of touching and arranging
the eggs with her bill.

8-13. With the breast-feathers erected she covers her
eggs and settles down on the nest. Front, side,
and back views of the bird were shown, and dis-
played the beautiful protective colour and markings
of the plumage.

14. “ Panting with the heat.”

15. With wings and feathers “ puffed out.”

16. Another nest with three newly-hatched chicks and
one infertile egg.

17. The three young squatting in the grass near the
nest.

Vol. xxvii.] 72

18, 19. Nest of a Blackbird (7urdus merula) containing
two eggs and situated on the ground only a few
yards distant from the Snipe’s nest.

Ill. The Maeriz. (Pica pica.) (Taken in Hertford-
shire.)

1-6. A nest built at the top of an oak tree. The old
bird was shown leaving the nest, and the six young
birds, having been brought down and placed on a
branch, made several charming pictures.

IV. The Guittemor (Uria troile), the Razorsitit (Alcea
torda), and the Kirrrwaxe (Rissa tridactyla).

1-19. Various groups of these birds nesting on the
ledges of a rugged wall of sea-cliff. Some of the
Guillemots were seen to be standing erect, but
many of them were lying down on the rock and
covering their eggs in that position. The exhibitor
drew special attention to this fact, as it had been
generally stated in text-buoks that the Guillemot
incubates its egg in an erect position. Some birds
were shown panting with the heat, and with their
wings held away from their sides. The photo-
graphs included five eggs laid at the bottom of a
vertical fissure, 4 feet below the surface of the
surrounding rocks ; also young birds. A few pairs
of Razorbills nesting among the Guillemots were
also shown, and some Kittiwakes on the lowest
ledges.

20, 21. Two young Gulls (Larus sp. ine.) hiding between
boulders of rock.

V. The Purrin. (Fratercula arctica.)

1-9. A fine series of slides illustrated this species and
showed an interesting fact. The exhibitor pointed
out that when standing the Puffin rested only on
its webbed toes, the so-called “ heel”? being raised

73 [ Vol. xxvii.

above the ground. In the illustration given in
Yarrell’s ‘ British Birds’ the Puffin was depicted
with the “heel” resting on the ground, and
in Saunders’s ‘Manual’ it was stated (p. 708) that
when on land it rested on the whole length of the
foot and heel. One picture showed a group of
three of these comical-looking birds, one having
four small fishes held transversely in its bill.

Mr. R. B. Lopes showed a series of photographs illus-
trating the nesting-habits of the Griffon Vulture (Gyps
fulvus), taken in Spain, Bosnia, and Transylvania. The
pictures, especially those recently taken, were remarkably
interesting. One slide included a picture of the Black
Vulture (Vultur monachus) and another that of the Golden
Eagle (Aquila chrysaétus).

Mr. W. Farren showed a fine series of slides of the
following species :—

Ike

2.

3.

4.

Nest of the Fan-tailed Warbler (Cisticola cisticola).
Photographed in Southern Spain, May 1910.

Nest of Baillon’s Crake (Porzana intermedia).
Ditto.

Nest of the Short-toed Lark (Calandrella brachy-
dactyla). Ditto.

Nest of the Andalusian Short-toed Lark (C. betica).
Ditto.

. Nest of the Calandra Lark (Melanocorypha calandra).

Ditto.

. Nest of the Blue-headed Wagtail (Motacilla flava).

Ditto.

. Nest of the Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse (Pteroclurus

pyrenaicus). Ditto.

. Nest of the Great Bustard (Otis tarda). Ditto.
. Young in down of the Great Bustard. Ditto.

10.
11.

Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus) soaring. Ditto.
Flamingoes (Phenicopterus roseus) in flight. Ditto.

Vol. xxvii. ] 74

12,124. Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) in
flight; and nest with four eggs in water twelve
inches deep. Photographed in Southern Spain,
May 1910.

13. Nest of the Black Tern (Hydrochelidon nigra). Ditto.

14-22. A series of slides of the Whiskered Tern (H.
hybrida). Ditto. Showing various phases of wing-
display whilst alighting on the nest, some attitudes
whilst brooding over the eggs, and one in which
the male is standing by the nest with the sitting
female.

The photographs showed considerable difference
between the nest of this species and that of the
Black Tern. The nests of the latter species, found
in Spain, were in all cases quite small—barely
large enough to support the eggs ; they were com-
posed of decayed aquatic vegetation, and were very
difficult to distinguish among the scum on the
surface of the water. The nests of the Whiskered
Terns were large and conspicuous structures, built
of various rushes and dead grasses, some of them
being 18 inches across.

23-28. A series of photographs of the Garden-Warbler
(Sylvia simplex) at the nest. Taken near Cam-
bridge, June 1909.

29-33. A series of photographs of the Wood-Lark
(Lullula arborea). Photographed in Suffolk in
April 1909.

34-47. A series of slides of the Grasshopper-Warbler
(Locustella nevia). Photographed in Norfolk, June
1909.

48-53. The Water-Rail (Rallus aquaticus). Ditto.

Mr. R. H. Reap exhibited some slides illustrating the
scenery of Corsica and views of ornithological interest. The
latter included a nest of the Cirl Bunting (Emberiza cirlus)
in a bush of bruyére; nesting-trees of the Red Kite (Milvus
milvus) ; Greater Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopus major) ;

75 [ Vol. xxvii.

and Whitehead’s Nuthatch (Sitta whiteheadi). The trees
used by the Nuthatches were tall, dead pines in a very
advanced stage of decay and riddled with holes made by
Woodpeckers, &c. He also showed the nesting-hole in the
ground of a Bee-eater (Merops apiaster) and a set of seven
eggs taken from it.

Mr. Reap also exhibited a few Spanish slides showing the
marisma and its surroundings; nests of the Avocet (Recurvi-
rostra avocetta), placed in the hoof-prints of cattle on the
sun-baked mud ; a nest of the Black-necked Grebe (Podiczpes
nigricollis) amongst a colony of Whiskered Terns ; trees
with nests of the Red Kite (Milvus milvus), Black Kite _
(M. korschun), Booted Eagle (Eutolmaétus pennatus), and
Spanish Imperial Eagle (Aquila adalberti).

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 12th of April, 1911, at PAGANIT’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. ]

(Signed)
P. L. Scrarer, W. R. Ocrrviz-Grant, H. F. Witnersy,
Chairman. Editor, Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Bellisth= ORNITHOLOGISTS” CLUB:

No. CLXIX.

Tue hundred and sixty-seventh Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 12th of April, 1911.

Chairman: P. Li. Sctatsr, D.Sce., F.R.S.

Members present:—D. A. Bannerman, E. Binwet, J. L.
Bonnots, 8S. Boorman, C. D. Borrer, C. Cuuss, Guy
L. Ewen, H. O. Forses, E. Gipson, N. H. Joy, G. M.
Matuews, H. Ment, W. R. Ocitvis-Grant (fditor), C. E.
Pearson, Major F. W. Proctor, C. B. Rickert, A. D. Saps-
wortH, D. Sera-Smitu, N. F. Ticenvrst, F.R.C.S., H. F.
WitHersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—G: L. Batzs, A. C. H. Borner, J. M. Borner,
A. L. Sciater.

Dr. Sciarer exhibited an immature male specimen of
Mergus squamatus, Gould, belonging to the Vladivostok
Museum, which had been described by Mr. Buturlin in his
letter to the Editors of ‘The Ibis’ (ef. ‘Ibis,’ 1911, p. 182).
It had been sent to him to be compared with the speci-
meus of this rare Goosander in the British Museum, and
Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, who had kindly made the comparison,
was of opinion that there could be no doubt that the

specimen had been correctly identified by Mr. Buturlin-- cag rate
closely resembled the type specimen of M. Sqn, Gold; "SHE 5 ‘e

also an immature male. fpr.
[ April 27th, 1911.] vor. XXVtH,

Vol. xxvii. | 78

Dr. Scrarer also exhibited a fine adult male specimen
of M. squamatus procured by Captain Wingate in South-
west Hunan, and presented by him to the British Museum
(cf. § Ibis,’ 1900, p. 602, pl. xii).

Dr. Scrater then read a letter from Mr. W. Eacre Ciarxe,
in which he stated that in his excursion last autumn he had
met with marvellous success during a five weeks’ stay at
St. Kilda. Examples of 94 species of birds had been
obtamed. Of these 54 were on migration. Two of them
were new to Scotland, and one (Anthus pennsylvanicus, Lath.)
to Great Britain.

Mr. Norman H. Joy showed several smooth stones, of the
shape of melon-seeds, but smaller, found in Gulls’ nests
from Annet, Scilly Isles. They had probably been swallowed
and retained for some time in the stomachs of the Gulls.

He also showed some beetles which are specially attached
to the nests of certain birds, one being found only in the
nests of Sand-Martins, and others in those of Owls and
Starlings. He asked Members to send him old Owls’ nests
and the nests of sea-birds from outlying islands off the British
coast.

Mr. Crirrorp Borrer exhibited a specimen of the Greater
Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus, Linn.), shot last January
in Norfolk. The bird had been sent to him by Mr. Pashley,
the taxidermist at Cley, who informed him that when killed
it had a piece of wood twelve inches long projecting from its
breast, and that the skin surrounding it had entirely healed.
Although Mr. Pashley had seen some strange mstances of
the swallowing powers of these birds, he was not prepared
for what he found on dissection. The piece of wood had
extended the gullet about two inches past the entrance to
the stomach. In company with Dr. Kay he had examined
the bird before its gullet was removed, and they both con-
sidered it extraordinary that the bird should have been able
to fly strongly and remain in good condition under such

79 [Vol. xxvil.

circumstances. On making an incision, Mr. Pashley found
that the skull of a Lesser Black-backed Gull (ZL. fuscus,
Linn.), into which one end of the stake had been thrust, was
also within the gullet.

Mr. H. F. Wirnersy exhibited an abnormally coloured
Blackcock ( Tetrao tetrixv), and made the following remarks :—

“This bird was shot on the 10th of November, 1910, at
Clonrae, Dumfriesshire, by Mr. H. 8S. Gladstone, who very
kindly sent it to me. In skinning it I was able to make
sure by the condition of the skull, and also by finding two
unshed feathers of the juvenile plumage, that the specimen
was a bird of the year. I preserved the testes, which appeared
outwardly normal, and they have since been examined micro-
scopically by my friend Capt. A. E. Hamerton, R.A.M.C.,
who kindly informs me that they are, in his opinion, perfectly
normal. The plumage of the bird is, however, quite ab-
normal, especially on the head, neck, mantle, upper breast,
and flanks, the feathers of which are barred and vermiculated
with yellowish-brown. In most of the feathers the tips are
normally coloured steel-blue, a few are entirely normal, but
most are marked in a varying degree with brown, some
having a number of broad bars, others a single bar, and
others only a thin wavy line of brown. Almost all the
feathers of the chin, throat, and cheeks have whitish-buff
bases and many are white-tipped. A number of the feathers
of the breast are irregularly marked with white and brown,
and many of the flank-feathers are vermiculated with brown,
as are the middle tail-feathers, upper tail-coverts, and some
of the feathers of the rump. The scapulars, secondaries,
and wing-coverts are also more strongly vermiculated with
brown than.is usual in the first winter-plumage. The brown
markings resemble those in the plumage of the female, and
by some the bird might be thought to be assuming the
plumage of the female; but I cannot agree that there is any
proof whatever of this, and it must be remembered that the
sexual organs were normal. In my opinion this bird is
simply wanting in black pigment, and this has caused the

Vol. xxvii.] 80

brown markings to assert themselves in a varying degree in
different feathers according to the amount of black pigment
deposited. Mr. W. P. Pycraft has very kindly examined
the bird and is of the same opinion, and has pointed out
to me that indications of barring are observable in certain
lights in the normally coloured Blackcock’s feathers. An
examination of a large series of Black-Game in the British
Museum has convinced me that the males, especially in
their first winter-plumage, frequently have a few brown-
barred feathers, but it seems a very rare occurrence for a
bird to be so freely marked with brown as the one I now
exhibit. At the February meeting Mr. Millais exhibited a
bird which, as far as | remember, was much like the one I
am now showing. Mr. Millais pronounced it to be assuming
hen-plumage, but I would suggest that an explanation such
as I have just given is a more reasonable one.”

In order to supplement Mr. Witherby’s exhibit, Mr.
W. R. Octtvizr-Grant showed the following specimens of
Black-Game :—

1. A specimen stated to be a male assuming female
plumage; Perm, Hast Russia.

2. A specimen stated to be a female assuming male
plumage; Perm, Hast Russia.

These two specimens were extremely handsome
birds in very remarkable plumage; the lower part of
the throat in both was pure white, and in No. 2, the
specimen marked female, the breast was nearly black
with some whitish shaft-streaks on the feathers. It
was uncertain who had collected these specimens,
but they had been purchased through the late
Mr. P. A. Holst. It was not known if the sexual
organs had been examined by any competent person.
The plumage of the male specimen more nearly re-
sembled that of a female; while that of the female
more nearly approached the plumage of an adult
male. The pure white throat, barred with black on
the upper part only, was a very striking character,

81 [ Vol. xxvu.

and one which was assumed by the male in its eclipse-
plumage, but in a less marked degree.

3. Female assuming male plumage; Norway.

4, Female assuming male plumage; Scotland.

Both these birds were fine examples of barren
females assuming male plumage, and had the breast
and belly blackish; in No. 4 the lower throat was
white, but not so white asin the Russian birds Nos. 1
and 2 mentioned above.

5. Adult male in eclipse-plumage ; Inverary, Argyll,
July.
6. Adult male in eclipse-plumage ; Sutherland, August.

Both these birds had the throat and upper part of
the fore-neck largely mixed with white, and the head
and neck clothed with barred feathers, somewhat
resembling those of the female, but darker rufous.

7. Immature male, still retaining part of the juvenile
plumage on the wings, &c. ; Norway, November.

8. Quite young male in juvenile plumage, with some
black feathers on the breast, &c.; Dumfriesshire,
September.

Males of the year, after their first autumn moult, could
always be distinguished from old Blackeocks by having
the terminal portion of the secondaries and scapulars more
or less mottled with dark rufous. This mottling probably
did not entirely disappear until the third autumn-moult,
when the scapulars and secondaries become dull black like
the rest of the wing-coverts.

Mr. Grant added that it was unfortunate that Mr. Witherby

had been unable to exhibit the “adult male” partly assum-

ing female plumage, which had been shown by Mr. Millais
at the February meeting of the Club. His impression was
that the bird in question had the scapulars and secondaries
black, and, in that case, it was no doubt fully adult.

Mr. J. L. Bonwote concurred with Mr. Witherby’s con-
clusions regarding the specimen exhibited, and remarked

Vol. xxvii. | 82 -

that it was probable that the hen-like plumage of the cock
Pheasants recently exhibited at the Zoological Society had
in reality been produced in the same way by a disturbance
of pigment.

Mr. J. L. Bonuote exhibited and made remarks on
some feathers taken from the head of the Water-Rail (Rallus
aquaticus, Linn.) :—

“On examining the top of the head in this species,
especially its anterior portion, a number of smooth and
polished black or brown bristles are at once apparent. On
removing a few of the feathers, these apparent bristles are
found to be the slightly swollen and enlarged terminal
half of the rachis or shaft of some of the head-feathers. A
careful comparison under the microscope shows these struc-
tures to be precisely analogous to the red ‘ wax ’ tips found
in the Waxwing (Ampelis garrulus, Linn.), although in the
latter species the tip is proportionately more swollen and its
bright red colour renders it very conspicuous.”

Mr. Bonhote further stated that he had found these
feathers, irrespective of age, sex, or season, on every example
of R. aguaticus which he had examined, but they were
apparently absent on all the other British species of Rails.

Mr. Bonuote also exhibited and made remarks on the
sequences of nesting-plumages in the Eagle-Owl (Budo
ignavus, Forst.).

In this species there were three distinct plumages before
the assumption of the first true contour- or body-feathers
(teleoptyles). The first was a short white down, which was
worn for the first fortnight or three weeks after hatching ;
this was followed by a longer cream-coloured down, which
was in turn succeeded, when the bird was about eight or ten
weeks old, by downy feathers—that was to say, feathers with
a median shaft carrying barbs and barbicels, but with the
vane loose and downy and offering no resistance to the air.
This plumage was worn for about two months, and was then
succeeded by the first true feathers.

At the February meeting Mr. Pycraft had pointed out

Oe te ee

83 | Vol. xxvil.

the existence of two kinds of down in the Barn-Owls, and
considered the second down as representing the mesoptyle
plumage.

Mr. Bonhote pointed out that he had arrived at the
same conclusions as regarded the Barn-Owl independently of
Mr. Pycraft, but differed from him in not considering the
second down as a plumage analogous to the “downy feather”
stage of the Eagle-Owl, Tawny Owl, and other allied species.
His reasons were as follows :—In the Eagle-Owl there were
four plumages during the first year: (1) a short down;
(2) a long down; (3) a downy feather; and (4) a true
feather, which was not renewed till the moult of the following
year. In the Barn-Owl there were three plumages: (1) a
short down; (2) a long down; and (3) a true feather, which
was uot renewed till the following year. He therefore con-
sidered that the two down-plumages in the Barn-Owl were
analogous to the two down-plumages of the Eagle-Owl, and
that in the Barn-Owl the third or downy-feather plumage
of the Eagle-Owl had been suppressed.

As to names, it did not much matter what the different
plumages were called. Mr. Pycraft, who used the terms
protoptyles, mesoptyles, and teleoptyle, was probably not
aware of the existence of the four plumages in the Eagle-
Owl as exhibited, and concerning which Mr. Bonhote had
been unable to find any reference. As, however, there were
undoubtedly four plumages, and only three names for them,
he suggested that, to avoid confusion, the first should be
known as the protoptyle plumage, the second as the meso-
ptyle, the third (downy feather) as the hemiptyle, and the
true feathers as the teleoptyle plumage.

Mr. Ocitvre-Granv described a new species of Parroquet
which had been procured by the B. O. U. Expedition on the
Kaparé River, in Dutch New Guinea :—

APROSMICTUS WILHELMINA, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Most nearly allied to A. callopterus, D’ Alb. &
Salvad., but differs in having the scapulars green instead of
black.

In the coloration of the head, back, and scapulars it

Vol. xxvui.] 84

resembles 4. dorsalis (Quoy & Gaim.) ; but from this latter
it 1s at once distinguished by the pale yellowish-green colour
of the innermost lesser and median wing-coverts. Iris
orange, orbits olive-brown; bill black, basal part of the
upper mandible deep orange; feet sooty black.

Total length about 15 inches; wing 7°7 ; tail 8:2.

Hab. Kaparé River, a tributary of the Mimika River,
Southern Dutch New Guinea.

Type in the British Museum. ¢. No. 361. Kaparé
River, 1700 ft., 22.x.10 (C. H. B. Grant). B.O.U. Expe-
dition to Dutch New Guinea.

This species is named in honour of Her Majesty the
Queen of Holland.

An immature male, probably of this species, was procured
by Dr. Lorentz in the Resi Mountaims and referred to
A. callupterus [¢f. Van Oort, Nova Guinea, ix. Zool. livr. 1.
p. 72 (1909) ].

Mr. Oeitviz-Grant also exhibited examples of two rare
Fruit-Pigeons, Ptilopus gestroi, D’Alb. & Salvad., and
P. zonurus, Salvad., procured by the B. O. U. Expedition.
These two species had the under surface of the body coloured
very similarly, but were very different above, the former
having a dark crimson patch on the lesser wing-coverts,
and the median wing-coverts grey edged with yellowish-green,
while in the latter the lesser and median wing-coverts were
dark green, the median coverts having a rose-coloured spot
in the middle of each.

Mr. D. A. Bannerman exhibited and described a new
species of Bradyornis as follows :—

BraDYCRNIS GRANTI, Sp. N.

Bradyornis, sp. inc., Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 592
{ Baro River].

Adult male and female. Most nearly allied to B. pallidus
(Miiller), but distinguished by their small size, much darker
brown upperparts, and by having the underparts strongly
soffused with tawny-buff. From the West-African form,

oe Se “~

85 [ Vol. xxvii.

B. modesta, Shelley, they are also easily distinguished by
their less tawny underparts.

Hab. South-western Abyssinia southwards to Lake
Rudolph.

Types in the British Museum. ¢. Gibbe River, 28. iv. 05;
9. Walamo, 6000 ft., 13.ix.05 (P. Zaphiro). W. N.
McMillan coll.

Obs. This new species of Bradyornis inhabits South-
western Abyssinia to the south of the Didessa River, and
ranges through Kaffa and Goffa southwards to Lake Rudolph.
A fine series, collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro, has been sent to
the British Museum by Mr. W.N..McMillan. Attention
had already been called to this bird as long ago as 1904 by
Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, who had received two examples from the
Baro River, procured by the same collector. In his paper
on that collection he had given a short description of
them, but until additional material should come to hand
did not feel justified in adding another name to this difficult
group. I have now examined fourteen additional examples
in all stages of plumage, and have no doubt that they
represent a distinct species.

The species is named in honour of Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, who
first drew attention to its distinctive characters.

Mr. G. L. Batzs exhibited and described two new species
of birds from Cameroon :—

GLAUCIDIUM PYCRAFTI, Sp. n.

Adult male. Head dark greyish-brown ; back and upper
surface of the wings dark umber-brown ; feathers of the nape
and sides of the neck each with a broad white subterminal
bar, together forming a white-spotted collar; lores and a
short superciliary stripe white. Quills blackish, with
umber-brown bars extending across both webs and becom-
ing whitish-buff towards the margins of the inner webs ; the
outermost primary shorter than any of the others. Tail-
feathers dark brownish-black, the middle pair with three and
the outer pairs with five large, rounded, white spots on the
inner web only. Throat, middle of the chest, and under tail-

Vol. xxvii. ] 86

coverts white ; sides of the chest and flanks brown mixed
with whitish-buff ; middle of the chest, breast, and belly
whitish-buff, each feather with a large, terminal, round or
oval spot of dark brown ; under wing-coverts pale buff. Iris
bright yellow; bill dull yellow ; feet yellow, claws yellow
with black tips. Culmen ca. 12 mm. ; wing 105; tail 70;
tarsus about 20.

Hab. South Cameroon.

Type in the British Museum. ¢ ad. No. 4153. Bitye,
River Ja, 26. iii. 10.

DIaPHOROPHYIA TONSA, sp. Nn.

Adult female. Forehead and crown glossy black; lores and
ear-coverts greyish; superciliary stripe white; back, wing-
coverts, and the edges of the innermost secondaries light
chestnut ; outer edges of the remaining quills pale rufous-
white ; feathers of the rump grey tipped with white ; tail-
feathers black, with very narrow white margins. Chin white ;
throat and chest chestnut; rest of the underparts pure
white ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white ; marginal
under wing-coverts grey edged with white. Hye-wattle
short and narrow, not reaching to the hinder angle of the
eye, or hiding the white superciliary feathers as it does in
D. castanea, Fraser. Feathers of the crown remarkably
short; in D. castanea they form something of a crest. Culmen
12 mm.; wing 55 ; tail 25.

Hab. South Cameroon.

Type in the British Museum. @? ad. No. 4039 (with ova
and oviduct somewhat enlarged). Bitye, River Ja, xi. 09.

An immature female (No. 3275; Assobam, River Bumba,
Dec. 1908) is also doubtless of this species. It has a grey
head like that of D. castanea, but the same light chestnut
colour of the back and the same peculiarities of the eye-
wattle and feathers of the crown as in the adult bird just
described. Culmen 11 mm.; length of wing 55.:

An adult male (No. 2970; collected at Bitye, March 1908)
is coloured as in the male of J). castanea; it has the pecu-
liarities of the eye-wattle and the short crown-feathers of
LD), tonsa, and may be the male of that species.

ane a eg

87 [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. G. M. Marunws exhibited and described examples of
two new subspecies of Australian birds :—

RHIPIDURA ALBISCAPA ALISTERI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical R. albiscapa (Gould) in its
much lighter colour above and smaller size, and in having
the collar on the throat much less pronounced.

Hab. New South Wales.

Type No. 7618. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

POMATOSTOMUS SUPERCILIOSUS ASHBYI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical P. superciliosus (Vig. & Horsf.)
in its larger size (the bill especially being conspicuously
longer), and in the generally lighter colour of the upperparts.

Hab. South-west Australia.

Type No. 2048. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 10th of May, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great. Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

The Annual General Meeting of the British Ornithologists’
Union will be held on the same day (10th of May), and the
Annual Dinner of the B. 0. U. will take place conjointly with
that of the B.0.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. |

(Signed)
P. L. Scuarer, W. R. Oernviz-Grant, H. F. Witnersy,
Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH seen ean at
ue? ug

No. CLXX. #N i
Basins aca it,

Tue hundred and sixty-eighth Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 10th of May, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Sctater, D.Sce., F.R.S.

Members present :—P. H. Baur, Major G. E. H. Barrerr-
Hamitton, R. M. Barrineron, E. Brpwetu, J. L. Bonnors,
C. D. Borrzr, P. F. Bunyarp, C. Cuuss, Colonel S. R.
Crarke, H. E. Dresser, EH. Gipson, Watter Gooprettow,
A. F. Grirrita, G. A. Macmizian, W. E. F. Macmituan,
G. M. Maruews, E. G. B. Mseape-Watpo, H. Menz, T. H.
Newman, F. Nicuotson, M. J. Nicortt, W. R. Ocitvis-
Grant (Lditor), W. H. Parrerson, C. E. Pearson, A. E.
Pricu, iv. Ely Ruan, C2 B: Rickerr; W. Ll: Sciarer;
D. Sera-Smitu, Major R. Sparrow, Major H. Terry, C. B.
TicrHurst, M.R.C.S., N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S., A. B.
Trevor-Barrye, H. M. Urcner, H. M. Watts, Captain
C. H. T. Wairenean, H. F. Wiruersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Members of the B. O. U.:—ULord Brasourne, W. 8S.
Bruce, LL.D., R. E. Currseman, Commander H. L.
Cocurane, R.N., R. O. Marnews, M. C. Suron, F. W.
Smatuey, C. G. Tarsot-Ponsonsy.

Visitors :—J. M. Borner, J. EH. Cuzzseman, Lieut. J. G.
HEYDEN.

[May 26th, 1911.] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. | 90

Mr. E. G. B. Meanr-Watpo gave a short account of
some months recently spent in Algeria. He said that when
at Biskra he had been much interested in watching the
bone-breaking habits of the Lammergeier (Gypaétus bar-
batus), aud described how it was frequently waited on and
robbed by the Ravens (Corvus tingitanus), which, descending
swiftly, carried off the broken marrow-bone before the
Lammergeier had time to reach it. The Dartford Warbler
(Melizophilus undatus) and the Wood-Warbler (Phylloscopus
sibilatriz) were observed on migration. Great numbers
of Dotterel (Hudromias morinellus) frequented the half-
cultivated ground and were extraordinarily tame, scarcely
taking the trouble to avoid the horse’s feet. Notwith-
standing the abundance of food-supplies round Biskra,
in the shape of dead animals, the larger Vultures were
remarkably scarce.

At Hammam Meskoutine a wonderful amount of bird-
life was observed. The Hawfinch (Coccothraustes buvryi,
Cab.) was very numerous, and constantly to be found
feeding on the olive-seed, and the resident race of Wryneck
(lyne mauretanica, Roths.) was common, the difference in
call from that of our British Wryneck being very noticeable.
The Woodchat Shrike (Lanius pomeranus) was abundant,
also the Barbary Partridge (Caccabis petrosa), and raptorial
birds were well represented both in numbers and in species.
Nearly full-fledged young of the Griffon Vulture were noted
on the 3lst of March, which seemed an unusually early
date.

He visited Bone, on Lake Fetzara, a swampy lake of
some 37,300 acres, and found Waterfowl of many kinds
extremely plentiful, especially Coots and Purple Gallinules
(Porphyrio ceruleus). The latter took wing readily, and their
flight was both light and slow. He also saw the following
species of Ducks :—Tufted, Pochard, White-eyed, Gadwall,
Shoveler, Marbled, White-headed, and probably many others,
all being common except the Pochard. Great Crested
Grebes were nesting everywhere in astonishing numbers,
eyen small patches of water containing several pairs ; Black-

ot [ Vol. xxvii.

necked Grebes were also numerous, but the Dabchick was
apparently rather scarce.

The Tunisian Crossbill (Lozxia poliogyna, Whitaker) was
numerous in the Aleppo pines in the town of Algiers.

Mr. M. J. Nicoxt exhibited some mummified birds and
made the following remarks :—

“J. A Mummy of the Sacred Ibis (Ibis ethiopica), which
was purchased at Luxor in January of the present year.
This bird is an immature example, as may be seen by
the feathered head and neck. I take this opportunity of
poiting out that Ibis ethiopica was not the only Ibis
mummified by the ancient Egyptians. The Glossy Ibis,
Plegadis falcinellus, was apparently also considered “sacred,”
for I examined several examples, which had been unrolled,
at Luxor.

«2. A mummified Hawk, which is probably either a
Kestrel (Cerchneis tinnunculus) or a Red-footed Falcon (Falco
vespertinus), is in too bad a state of preservation to be
identified with certainty. [have examined several examples
of Falco vespertinus unrolled and exposed for sale at Luxor.”

Mr. Nicoxt then exhibited examples of the following
birds new to the avifauna of Egypt :—

“1, An adult male of the Palestine Warbler (Sylvia
melanothorax, 'Vristram).

“This bird was shot by myself on the Ist of March, 1910,
in the Wadi Hof, near Helouan, Province of Giza.

“The Palestine Warbler was previously known from the
Jordan Valley, where Canon Tristram obtained the types,
and from Cyprus, where it appears to be fairly abundant as
a breeding species.

“2. Two adult males of the Golden-crested Wren (Regulus
regulus), which I shot at Giza on the 10th of December, 1910.
During the latter part of November and up to the middle of
December numbers of Goldcrests frequented some Aleppo
pines in the Giza Zoological Gardens.

“No Goldcrest has previously been recorded from Egypt,

Vol. xxvii.] 92

and though the present species has been recorded as
occurring in Algeria, later investigators have not met with
it there (Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 1. p. 395).”

Mr. Nicotu also exhibited three female examples of the
Common Redstart (Ruticilla phenicurus) which had assumed
a plumage somewhat similar to that of the male. He
remarked :—

““These three birds were captured on migration in the
Province of Giza, Egypt, and were brought to me alive:
the first two on the 10th and 17th of April, 1910, and the
third on the 15th of April, 1911.

«Mr. J. H. Gurney has recorded somewhat similar
specimens (Trans. Norfolk & Norwich Nat. Soe. iv. p. 182).

“T carefully dissected the three examples exhibited,
and found that the ovaries, though small, were apparently
perfectly normal.

“Tt seems possible that very old female Redstarts assume
a plumage somewhat resembling that of the male, though
this supposition is entirely conjectural. Certainly these
black-throated females are by no means common, for I have
examined many female Redstarts caught on migration in
Egypt, and all of them, with the exception of the three
specimens exhibited, were normally coloured.”

Mr. C. E. Hetitmayr forwarded descriptions of two new
races of Humming-Birds, which he proposed to call :—

PHAHTHORNIS YARUQUI SANCTI-JOHANNTS, subsp. n.

Adult male. Nearly related to P. y. yaruqui (Boure.), from
Western Ecuador, but with a well-defined, deep ochraceous-
buff malar stripe; the ochraceous postocular streak much
broader and darker; the lower parts much paler, a broad
band along the middle of the throat, fore-neck, and chest,
together with the abdomen, light smoke-grey, only the sides
of the fore-neck and chest being shining metallic green.
Bill shorter, 41-43 mm. ; wing 6]-62 ; tail 55-61.

Adult female. Much lighter-coloured than the male. The

93 [ Vol. xxvit.

equally broad malar streak white, tinged with buff on the
anterior part only; the underparts pale mouse-grey, the
median stripe on the fore-neck and chest conspicuously
edged with white, and the metallic-green colour much more
restricted ; the white tips to middle rectrices much longer;
size smaller. Bill 87-40 mm. ; wing 58-59 ; tail 59-63.

Hab. The tropical lowlands along the Pacific Coast of
Western Colombia, from the River Truando south to
Buenaventura.

Type in the Zoological Museum of Munich : no. 09.5807.
6 ad. Condoto, Rio Condoto (tributary of the R. San
Juan), Choco, W. Colombia, 14.1v.09. M. G. Palmer coll.,
no. 2598.

Obs. Four males and three females were procured at
various localities in the San Juan district, in the autumn
of 1908 and April 1909, by Mr. M. G. Palmer, one of
Mr. Rosenberg’s field-collectors.

PHAETHORNIS SUPERCILIOSUS MUELLERI, subsp. n.

P. afinis moorez (errore !), Hellmayr, Nov. Zool. xiii. p. 874
(1906) (S. Antonio do Prata, Para).

Adult. Much like P.“superciliosus moorei, Lawr., of Upper
Amazonia, but the median throat-stripe is more clearly
defined and lighter in colour, being whitish-buff instead of
bright buff ; the fore-neck and breast pale greyish (not buff) ;
the abdomen, as well as the edges of the rump and upper
tail-coverts, decidedly paler buff. Bill, ¢ 38, 9 85-363 mm. ;
wing, ¢ 60, 2? 58; tail 64-69.

Hab. North-eastern Brazil, State of Para: San Antonio
do Prata (Hojfimanns), Peixe-Boi (Miller), Ipitinga, on the
R. Acara (Miiller).

Type in the Zoological Museum of Munich: no. 10.1238.
? fere ad. Peixe-Boi, near Pard, 14.iv.10. Collected by
Lorenz Miller.

Obs. I have already alluded to this form in my paper on
the Para collection made by the late W. Hoffmanns, but it
was not until recently that I obtained additional examples
which fully confirm the constancy of its characters.

Vol. xxvii.] 94

Mr. Witiiam L. Scuarer exhibited the skin of a young
Coot from Tristan da Cunha, sent to him by Mr. Péringuey,
Director of the South African Museum. It had been
obtained by Mr. Keytil, of Capetown, who had spent over a
year in Tristan da Cunha, and was the first example of a Coot
known from those islands.

The bird was very closely allied to Fulica armillata and
F. ardesiaca from South America, though it presented some
differences from those species. As it was quite a young
bird, Mr. Sclater hesitated to describe it as new until adult
examples could be examined.

Dr. N. F. Tictnurst exhibited a male example of the
Black-throated Thrush (Turdus atrigularis, Temm.) which
had been shot at Wittersham, in Kent, on the 15th of
March, 1911. It had been submitted to him-in the flesh
for examination. This was the second example that had been
obtained in Kent, and constituted the fifth record for the
British Isles.

Mr. D. Seru-Smitru exhibited skins of two races of
the Long-tailed Grass-Finch (Poéphila acuticauda) from
Australia, and made the following remarks :—

“In the May number of the ‘ Avicultural Magazine’
Mr. Gregory Mathews gives some short notes on a collec-
tion of birds from North-west Australia, in the course of
which he remarks :—‘ With reference to the Long-tailed
Grass-Finch (Poéphila acuticauda, Gould), there is absolutely
no difference in the colour of the bill between birds from
Wyndham and those from Derby. It will be remembered
that a subspecies was described from captive birds and
called P. hecki by Heinroth, and P. auranitirostris by North.
These two latter names are only synonyms of P. acuticauda.’

‘¢~In 1900 Dr. Heinroth noticed that a number of Long-
tailed Grass-Finches which had been received in Berlin
differed from the typical birds in having the bill bright
orange-red, and described the form as new under the name
of Poéphila hecki. In 1902 Mr. North noticed the same

95 [ Vol. xxvii.

peculiarity in a number of birds that were said to have
been captured at Wyndham, in N.W. Australia, and, being
unaware that this form had already been described by
Heinroth, named it P. aurantiirostris. A number of the
red-billed birds arrived in England, and I secured several
myself, and have kept living examples both of the typical
yellow-billed P. acuticauda and the red-billed P. hecki, skins
of which I now exhibit.

“J think there can be no doubt whatever that P. hecki is
a perfectly good subspecies, though its exact habitat has
not yet been satisfactorily determined.”

Mr. G. M. Maruews remarked that the type locality of
Poéphila auranturostris, North, was given as Wyndham, but
that all the birds which he had procured from that locality,
as well as from Derby and Napier Broome Bay (all in the
north-west), had the colour of the bill yellow in life, not
orange-scarlet. He asked if it were possible to find out the
locality of the birds with orange-scarlet bills.

Mr. A. F. Grirrity exhibited a specimen of the Sooty
Tern (Sterna fuliginosa) which had been captured to the east
of Brighton on the 24th of April, 1911. It was observed
under the cliff at Black Rock in an exhausted condition,
and was captured by a man, who brought it to Messrs. Pratt,
the taxidermists of Brighton. In the absence of Mr. Griffith
it had been shown in the flesh to Dr. Langton.

The bird was believed to be a female, but Mr. Pycraft, who
had examined the body, was unable to determine the sex
with certainty.

Mr. Wiruersy exhibited specimens of the Continental
Jay (Garrulus glandarius glandarius) from Norway and from
Kent, the British Jay (Garrulus g. rufitergum), the Irish Jay
(Garrulus g. hibernicus), the Continental Great Tit (Parus —
major major) from Norway and from Norfolk, the British
Great Tit (Parus m. newtoni), the Northern Greater Spotted

Vol. xxvii. | 96

Woodpecker (Dendrocopus major major) from Norway and
from Yorkshire, and the British Greater Spotted Wood-
pecker (Dendrocopus m. anglicus). Mr. Witherby made the
following remarks :—

“In exhibiting these birds, I wish to draw attention to
the great practical advantage to the student of migration
which is to be gained by a careful study and comparison
of those British birds which have been separated as distinct
geographical forms. Migrant Jays have often been noted
in various parts of England and Scotland, but their origin
has never been proved until recently, when Dr. N. F.
Ticehurst obtained some from Kent and found they were
of the grey-backed Continental form, which is very distinct
from our British bird, and still more so from the darker
Trish bird, which Dr. Hartert and I have lately described. In
the same way we have migrations of Greater Spotted Wood-
peckers, and an examination of specimens has conclusively
proved that these birds are of Continental origin. If you
will compare the fine long bill of the British bird with the
shorter, thicker bill of the northern race, I think you will
agree with me that by this character alone the two forms
are easily separable. The Great Tit is another case in point.
Dr. C. B. Ticehurst last autumn observed that migrant
Great Tits, noted on the Norfolk and Suffolk coasts, were
of undoubted Continental origin; and here, again, the two
races are easily distinguished by their bills, that of the
British bird being much longer and stouter than that of
the typical form.”

Mr. G. M. Matuews described the following new birds
from Australia :—

MELIoRNIS NIGRA DULCIEI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical M. nigra (Bechst.) in having
the white patch on each side of the neck pear-shaped, not
round. Culmen 24 mm.; wing 74; tail 69; tarsus 21.

Hab. Albany, West Australia.

Type No. 3346. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

97 [ Vol. xxvii.

ACANTHIZA ALBIVENTRIS HAMILTONI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical A. albiventris, North, in having
the upper tail-coverts less rufous and the under surface
darker, especially on the under tail-coverts. It is also
slightly smaller. Culmen 11 mm.; wing 51; tail 45;
tarsus 20.

Hab. New South Wales.

Type. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

ACANTHIZA IREDALEI, Sp. 0.

Adult. General colour above ash-brown, washed with olive
on the back, especially on the rump; upper tail-coverts
buff ; forehead dark brown, each feather with a broad white
tip; ear-coverts and cheeks whitish-buff; lores whitish ;
primaries brown, edged with hght grey ; greater wing-coverts
brown with paler edgings; lesser and median coverts brown;
- tail-feathers blackish-brown with buff-coloured tips, in-
creasing in size towards the middle pair, all except the
median pair with a white spot at the tip of the inner web;
throat whitish; neck and upper breast buff tipped with
brown ; remainder of the under surface yellowish-buff. Bill
and feet black ; iris buff.

Total length 90 mm.; culmen 10; wing 48; tail 36;
tarsus 18.

Hab. Lake Way, West Australia.

Type No. 4007. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Obs. The bird called Acanthiza tenuirostris, Zeitz, must
in future be known as

ACANTHIZA MORGANI, mihi,
the former name having been used by Lafresnaye in 1842
(cf. Rev. Zool. p. 241).

On behalf of Mr. Tom Irepatz, Mr. Ogitviz-Grant
forwarded the description of a new subspecies of Cinclo-
ramphus from West Australia. Mr. Iredale described it
as follows :—

CINCLORAMPHUS RUFESCENS MATHEWSI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from C. r. rufescens, Vig. & Horsf.,
in being much darker above, and in having a shorter bill and
longer wing.

Vol. xxvii. | 98

C.r. mathewsi, 6: culmen 13 mm.; wing 96.

C. r. rufescens, 6: culmen 14°5-15 mm. ; wing 90-93.

The type of C. r. rufescens was obtained in New South
Wales and is now in the British Museum, where I have
examined it.

The type of C. r. mathewsi is from Yalgo, West Australia,
and is No. 5198 in the collection of Mr. G. M. Mathews.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 14th of June, 1911, at PAGANTS RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. |

(Signed)
P. L. Scuater, W. R. Ocitvis-Grant, H. F. WitHersy,
Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas.

— An ae =

BULLETIN

Prilish ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

No. CLXXI.

Tue hundred and sixty-ninth Meeting of the Club was held
at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on
Wednesday, the 14th of June, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present :—P. H. Baur, M.B., D. A. BAnnerRMAN,
KE. Browetn, J. L. Bonnots, C. D. Borner, P. F. Bunyarp,
EK. Grsson, J. M. Goovatt, H. Gooncuixp, J. H. Gurney,
Rev. J. R. Hatz, Rev. F.C. R. Jourpain, W. E. F. Mac-
mituan, G. M. Matnews, T. H. Newman, M. J. Nicott,
W. R. Ocitvie-Grant (Editor), C. OtpHam, C. EH. Pearson,
F. G. Penrosz, M.D., A. E. Price, C. B. Ricxerr, A. D.
SapswortH, D. Seru-Smitn, N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S.,
H. F. Wirnersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—C. G. Aszott, R. O. Matuews, L. Spatpine.

Mr. G. M. Maruews described the following new species
and subspecies of birds from Australia :—

PrrzoORHYNCHUS NITIDUS WARDELLI, subsp. n.
Adult male. Differs from typical P. nitidus, Gould, in

having a shorter and wider bill, the general c “ik ceRelast
( abt. xxvin. “a,

[July 18th, 1911.)
JUL 28 191]

W,,.
“tonal Musev™

Vol. xxvii. | 100

and the measurements slightly larger. Culmen 17 mm.;
wing 89; tail 72; tarsus 20.
Hab. Cooktown, North Queensland.
Type No. 5888. Coll. G. M. Mathews.
The average measurement of the bill of P. nitidus is 28 mm.
Named in honour of Dr. Wardell, of Stotfold.

DIAPHORILLAS STRIATUS HOWEI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from D. striatus, Gould, from West
Australia (which is believed to be the same species as that
found in New South Wales) in being red-brown above and in
having the white shaft-streaks bordered by a line of black.
Size similar to that of D. striatus.

Hab. Kow Plains, Victoria.

Type ¢ No. 4521. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

CoRACINA MELANOPS T4SMANICA, Subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from typical C. melanops (Lath.) in
having the bill slightly smaller and the upper surface
darker grey.

Hab. Tasmania.

Type No. 4366. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

MyzoMELA OBSCURA HARTERTI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from typical M. obscura, Gould, in
being much darker both above and below. Culmen 21 mm. ;
wing 68; tail 55 ; tarsus 19. Iris dark brown ; bill black ;
feet and legs grey-blue.

Hab. Cairns, N. Queensland.

Type No. 3036. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

ARTAMUS TREGELLASI, Sp. 0.

Adult. Above brownish, including the head, hind-neck,
and back ; a line over the forehead, lores, and a ring round
the eye, as well as the throat, rump, thighs, vent, and under
tail-coverts, black; tail blackish, all but the two median
feathers broadly tipped with white ; rest of the under surface
grey, paler on the lower throat; wings bluish-grey, with

101 [ Vol. xxvii.

whitish edgings to the feathers; under wing-coverts and
axillaries white. Iris deep brown ; bill bluish with a black
tip ; feet and legs nearly black. Culmen 22mm.; wing 136;
fcnley obs varsis, 22°

Hab. Rockingham, West Australia.

Type No. 2467. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Named in honour of Mr. T. H. Tregellas.

BuTORIDES ROGERSI, sp. n.

Head, crest, and tail greenish-black ; mantle, back, and
entire under surface reddish-buff, with white bases to the
feathers ; primaries brown, outer edges fringed with buff;
secondaries brown with a greenish tinge ; remainder of the
wing brown, with reddish edges to the feathers; the plumes
on the back greenish ; a tuft of feathers at the gape blackish.
Culmen 66 mm.; wing 183; tail 58; tarsus 53.

Hab. North-west Australia.

Type No. 4502. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. C. Cuuss sent for exhibition examples of a new
species of Upucerthia from Southern Chile, which he pro-

posed to call

UPuCERTHIA TAMUCOENSIS, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Allied to U. dumetoria, Geoff. et d@Orb., but
smaller, having the upper surface dark olive-brown instead
of ash-grey, and the underparts, especially the flanks, sooty-
brown instead of rufous-brown. ‘Total length 5-7 inches ;
culmen 1:1; wing 41; tail 2:9; tarsus 0°95.

Hab. Tamuco, Southern Chile.

Mr. J. L. Bonnore exhibited an example of the Conti-
nental Blue Tit (Parus ceruleus ceruleus, Linn.), which he
had shot in Peebleshire some years ago. He stated that
the Continental race probably occurred in England every
autumn, but, so far as he knew, had not previously been

recorded.

Vol. xxvii. | 102

Mr. P. H. Baur made the following remarks on the
status of certain birds peculiar to the Fiji Islands :—

“ During fifteen months’ residence in the Fiji Islands
I was able to gain some information as to the influence
of recent introductions on the bird-life. The group is com-
posed of 250 islands, and during the last 25 years both the
Mongoose and the Mynah have been introduced into the two
largest. The effect on the birds there, as elsewhere, has
been deplorable. The Mongoose was originally introduced
to destroy the rats which were gnawing the sugar-cane.
It is agreed that they have driven these rodents out of
the cane-fields, but they seem to have taken refuge in the
houses of Europeans. Tosuch an extent have they increased
that with two wire traps I had no difficulty in catching 44
in front of my house in less than a fortnight. In many
cases I shot them as they came to devour the bodies of their
dead brethren.

« As in Jamaica, they are arboreal, but so far the Doves
(Chrysenas luteovirens and Ptilopus perouse?) and the Pigeons
(Columba vitiensis and Carpophaga latrans) appear to have
escaped their attention, nesting as they do in the smaller
branches. Their destructive effect has been mosé marked on
the Parrots. Pyrrhulopsis personata, confined to the largest
island (Viti Levu), is fast disappearing; at the present time
old birds only are met with, and I was assured that no
young have been seen for years. Pyrrhulopsis splendens,
too, though still abundant in other islands, has almost
vanished where the Mongoose swarms. ‘The Blue Lory or
“ Kula” (Calliptilus solitarius) is now only found locally in
the larger islands, where it nests in places imaccessible to
the Mongoose. The Duck (Anas superciliosus) and the
Rail (Rallina pecilopterus) have disappeared. There seems
to be a certain amount of evidence that a Megapode inhabited
Viti Levu till about 15 years ago, but no European has
ever seen it. The natives are said to have trained dogs to
catch it and to have eaten its eggs. It is unlikely that
they domesticated it, for the Fijian of to-day seems to be
incapable of domesticating anything but the pig. Fowls

103 [ Vol. xxvii.

run wild in several of the islands and have reverted to the
wild type of Jungle-fowl, but these have disappeared since
the introduction of the Mongoose.

“The Mynahs have increased to an alarming extent; they
were introduced to rid the sugar-cane of several insect-pests,
but have so far been mainly instrumental in driving away the
native birds. The Kingfisher (Halcyon sacer) is still abun-
dant, and is the only bird bearing a native name; otherwise
the Fijian does not distinguish a Bat from a bird, and calls
everything indiscriminately ‘Manu-Manu,’ whether it be a
fish or a microbe under the microscope. In spite of various
attempts at introduction rendered abortive by the hostility of
several planters, the Mongoose has not established itself on
Taviuni, the third largest island and the garden of Fiji. There
the small Parroquet (Hypocharmosyna aureicincta) and the
Satin Flycatcher or Short-wing (Lamprolia victorie) still
appear to flourish. The Samoans until lately were in the
habit of visiting the island of Kandavu and shooting Cal-
liptilus solitarius and Pyrrhulopsis splendens to obtain the
breast-feathers to decorate their mats; but the late Governor,
Sir KE. im Thurn, K.C.M.G., I am glad to say, put a stop
to this. I was able to bring specimens of Pyrrhulopsis
taviunensis home alive, but living examples of P. koroensis
(peculiar to the island of Koro), in spite of the promises of
the natives, were not secured. I also brought examples
of the Lory (C. solitarius) and the Fijian Fire-tail Finch
(Erythrura pealet), which I believe had not previously been
brought alive to this country.”

Mr. E. Brpwe 1, through the kindness of Mr. W. Whitaker,
exhibited a very dark Peregrine (Falco peregrinus) which
that gentleman had shot at Newbold Verdon, near Market
Bosworth, Leicestershire, on the 31st of October, 1891.
The bird, which was in its second year’s plumage, was
blacker than any specimen in the National Collection.

Mr. Ociivie-Grant said that he had examined this Faleon
and had no doubt that it belonged to the dark North
American race which has been named Falco nigriceps, Cassin.

Vol. xxvil.] 104

Mr. W. R. Octivis-Grant exhibited examples of two
rare species of birds which had been procured by the
Members of the B. O. U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea.
The first of these was the Yellow Cuckoo-Shrike (Campo-
chera sloetii, Schl.), of which both sexes had been obtained,
the female being hitherto unrepresented in the National
Collection; the other was the Spotted-headed Honey-eater
. (Pycnopygius stictocephalus, Salvad.), a very scarce species,
the only other specimen in this country being an example in
the Tring Museum. [| Cf. Hartert & Rothschild, Nov. Zool.
x. p. 451 (1903).]

Mr. Oeirvis-Grant also described two new species of
birds collected by the late Mr. Wilfred Stalker in Ceram,
during the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea :—

CoLUMBA STALKERI, Sp. 0.

Adult female. Most nearly allied to C. mada, Hartert,
from Buru, but differs in the following points :—The crown,
nape, and upper mantle are paler grey; the sides of the
head, throat, chest, and upper breast rich greyish-vinaceous,
the chin and throat being paler, and the lower breast and
belly darker, with the basal part of the feathers chestnut.
Under tail-coverts dark chestnut, bordered with greyish-
vinaceous. Tail-feathers black, with a purplish gloss, nar-
rowly fringed with pale greyish-brown. Iris scarlet and
yellow; naked skin round the eye scarlet ; bill yellow,
purple at the base of the upper mandible; feet purple.
Total length (in the flesh) 13 inches ; exposed portion of
culmen 0°7 ; wing 8°5 ; tail 6:1.

An immature male in worn plumage differs ehietys in
being paler below and in having the chin and throat pure
white, while the grey feathers of the under wing-coverts are
mostly tipped with rufous. Iris scarlet and yellow; bill
horn-colour ; feet dark purple. ‘Total length (in the flesh)
142 inches; wing 8:1; tail 6°05.

Hab. Mountains of North Ceram. _

Type in the British Museum. 9. No. 3388. Kanobi
Mountains, 2500 ft. Oct. 1909. W. Stalker Coll.

105 | Vol. xxvii.

PIEZCRHYNCHUS WELLSI, Sp. i.

Adult male. Most nearly altied to P. bimaculatus, Gray,
from Batjan, &c., but larger and easily distinguished by the
greater amount of white on the terminal part of the three
outer pairs of tail-feathers, on the fourth pair the white end
measurcs | inch, and on the two outer pairs about 1-2 inches.
The upper back and wings are blacker than in any of the maie
examples from Batjan. In the greater amount of white on
the tail it resembles P. nigrimentum (Gray), which is also
found in Goram, but the male of the latter has the back and
wings uniform grey. Iris brown; bill entirely blue ; legs
dark blue. Wing 3°l inches; tail 3-0.

Hab. Goram.

Type in the British Museum. <¢. No. 176. Goram
Laut. Sept. 1909. W. Stalker Coll.

Mr. Ogitvie-Grant further described a new species of
Crombec from W. Africa, procured by Mr. Willoughby P.
Lowe :—

SYLVIELLA LOWEI, sp. 0.

Adult male. Resembles S. micrura, Riipp., but the white
on the throat extends down the middle of the breast and
belly, and the culmen is black and much longer. Bill black,
whitish at the base of the lower mandible; iris light brown;
feet flesh-colour. Total length (in the flesh) 4°5 inches ;
wing 2°3; tail 1°05 ; tarsus 0°82.

Hab. St. Paul de Loanda, W. Africa.

Type in the British Museum. ¢. No. 640. 24. iii. 11.
W. P. Lowe Coll.

Mr. F. V. McConnez x sent descriptions of the following
new species and subspecies from British Guiana :—

NeEoPIPO HELENA, Sp. n.

Adult male. Similar to N. citnnamomea (Lawr.), but differs
in having the sides of the face and the ear-coverts ash-grey
and the throat greyish-white, instead of cinnamon-rufous,

Vol. xxvii. | 106

Total length 3°7 inches ; culmen 0°4; wing 20; tail 14;
tarsus 0°55.
Hab. Ituribisce, British Guiana.

RHYNCHOCYCLUS OLIVACEUS GUIANENSIS, Subsp. n.

Adult, Allied to R. olivaceus (Temm.), but distinguished
by its smaller size, paler green upperparts, throat and chest,
and by the pale sulphur-yellow (instead of orange-yellow)
abdomen. Total length 5°2 inches; culmen 0°65; wing
2°8; tail 2°3.

Hab. British Guiana.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday,
the 11th of October, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT,
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m.
Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to
inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

{N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to
give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply
him with a written account of anything intended for
publication. ]

(Signed)
P. L. Sctarer, W. R. Oeitvie-Grant, H. F. Wirsersy,
Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas.

Actinodura radcliffei, 9.
ramsayi, 9,
adalberti, Aquila, 75.
Aédon familiaris, 29.
AMigialitis hiaticola, 17, 69.
AXgithalus caudatus, 39.
irbii, 39.

italie, 39.
tyrrhenicus, 39.
zsalon, Falco, 68.

’ aharoni, Calandrella, 13.
albiscapa, Rhipidura, 87.
Alea torda, 72.

Alcedo ispida, 69, 70.
Alethe carruthersi, 7.
kikuyuensis, 7.
alisteri, Cinclosoma, 16.
, Rhipidura, 87.
aluco, Syrnium, 58.
Amblyornis germanus, 13.
subalaris, 13.
Ammomanes assabensis, 46.
deserti, 46.

—— pheenicuroides, 46.
saturatus, 46.

— whitakeri, 46.
Ampelis garrulus, 82.
Ainytornis oweni, 48.
striatus, 48.

Anas boscas, 70.
superciliosus, 102.
Anthus, 28.

campestris, 16.
pennsylvanicus, 78.
pratensis, 40,
Antigona, 47.

Antigone, 47.

collaris, 47.
torquata, 47.
Antigonia, 47.
Antigonus, 47.

Apalis claudei, 15.
thoracica, 15.

Aphelocephala leucopsis, 62.

VOL. XXVII.

INDEX.

Aphelocephala pallida, 62.
apiaster, Merops, 75.
Aprosmictus callopterus, 83.
dorsalis, 84.
wilhelminz, 85.
aquaticus, Rallus, 74, 82.
Aquila adaiberti, 75.
chrysaétus, 73.
arborea, Lullula, 17, 74.
arctica, Fratercula, 72.
Ardea cinerea, 70.
rubricunda, 47.
ardens, Xanthomelus, 66.
Argya aylmeri, 7, 8.
keniana, 7.

Artamus tregellasi, 100.
ashbyi, Pomatostomus, 87,
Asio otus, 17.

assabensis, Ammomanes, 46.
assimilis, Circus, 58.

, Munia, 28.
atlanticus, Puffinus, 48.
atricapilla, Sylvia, 49.

augustie-victoriz, Parsdisea, 36.

aureus, Xanthomelus, 67.
australasianus, Grus, 47.
avocetta, Recurvirostra, 79.
aylmeri, Argya, 7, 8.

betica, Calandrella, 73.
bailloni, Puffinus, 44.
bassana, Sula, 57.
belcheri, Poéphila, 68.
berlepschi, Parotia, 35, 36.
bewicki, Cygnus, 58.
boseas, Anas, 70.

brachydactyla, Calandrella, 28, 73.

, Certhia, 27.
Bradyornis granti, 84.
pallidus, 84.

Bradypterus microrhynchus, 8.

nyasse, 8.
britannicus, Parus, 36, 37.

Vol. xxvii. |

Bubo ignavus, 82, 85.
Butorides rogersi, 101.

exruleus, Parus, 101.

csia, Sitta, 70.

calandra, Melanocorypha, 73.
Calandrella aharoni, 13.
—— hbetica, 73-
brachydactyla, 28, 73.
leucophzea, 15.

minor, 13.

seebohmi, 13.
Calliptilus solitarius, 102, 103.
callopterus, Aprosmictus, 83.
Calospiza cayana, 34.

flava, 35, 50.

huberi, 34, 50.
campestris, Anthus, 16.
Campocheera sloetii, 104.
canagica, Philacte, 48.
caniceps, Munia, 47.
eannabina, Linota, 49.
eanorus, Cuculus, 40, 49.
Caprimulgus europzeus, 17, 68.
carbo, Phalacrocorax, 22-27.
Carduelis carduelis, 70.
earole, Parotia, 35, 36.
Carpodacus formcsanus, 51.
incertus, 50, 51.
Carpophaga latrans, 102.
earruthersi, Alethe, 7.
castanea, Diaphorophyia, 86.
eastaneothorax, Munia, 28.
caudatus, Aigithalus, 39.
cayana, Calospiza, 64.
Certhia brachydactyla, 27.
familiaris, 27, 70.

Charmosynopsis multistriata, 45.

Chettusia gregaria, 28.
Chlamydodera lauterbachi, 10.
chloropus, Gallinula, 71.
chlororhynchus, Puffinus, 40,
chrysaétus, Aquila, 73.
Chryscenas luteovirens, 102.
ehubbi, Sylviella, 10.
Cinclosoma alisteri, 16.
cinerea, Ardea, 70.
cinnamomea, Neopipo, 105.
Cinnyris buruensis, 12.
microrhyncha, 6.
sheppardi, 6.

zenobia, 12.

Circus assimilis, 58.

cirlus, Emberiza, 74.
Cisticola cisticola, 73.
floweri, 12.

claudei, Apalis, 15.
cleopatra, Merops, 11.
Climacteris obscura, 16.
rufa, 16.

Coccystes glandarius, 27.

108

celebs, Fringilla, 62.
colchicus, Phasiaius, 54.

collaris, Antigone, 47.
Columba mada, 104.
stalkeri, 104.
vitiensis, )Q2.
Coracina melanops, 100.
tasmanica, L(V.
Corvus movedula, 50.
pallescens, 27.
Corythornis cyanostigma, 14,
Cosmonetta histrionica, 38.
cristata, Guttera, 14.
eristatus, Parus, 27.

Cuculus canorus. 40, 49.
jacksoni, 14.

curruca, Sylvia, 17.
curvirostra. Loxia, 58-61.
cyanostigma, Cory thornis, 14.
Cyclopsittacus edwardsi, 67.
godmani, 67.
occidentalis, 67.

Cygnus bewicki, 58.
jankowski, 58.

Dendrocopus major, 74.
deserti, Ammomanes, 46.
Diapborillas howei, 100.
striatus, 100.
Diaphoropbyia castanea, 86.
tonsa, 86.

discors, Querquedula, 15.
dorsalis, Aprosmictus, 84.
dumetoria, Upucerthia, 101.

edwardsi, Cyclopsittacus, 67.
elgonensis, ‘Larsiger, 57.
Huwberiza cirlus, 74,
miliaria, 70.

Eopsaltria hilli, 41.
Erithacus melophilus, 48.
rubecula, 62.
Erythrura pealei, 108.
Estrilda nigrimentum, 6.
pallidior, 6.

europxa, Pyrrhula, 49.
europzus, Caprimulgus, 17, 63.
Eutolmaétus pennatus, 75.

Falco xsalon, 68.
nigriceps, 103.
peregrinus, 105.
familiaris, Aédon, 29.

, Certhia, 27, 70.
flammea, Strix, 58.
flava, Calospiza, 35, 50.
, Motacilla, 73.
flaviventris, Melilestes, 44.
floweri, Cisticola, 12.
fluviatilis, Sterna, 69.

, Phasianus, x P. torquatus, 54.

109 [ Vol. xxvii.

formosanus, Carpodacus, 71. korschun, Milvus, 75.
Fratercula arctica, 72. kumusii, Munia, 47.
Fringilla ccelebs, 62.

frugilegus, ‘ry panocorax, 29. Lagopus scoticus, 55-57.
fulvus, Gyps, 73. Larus fuscus, 79.

fuscus, Larus, 79.

marinus, 78.
latrans, Carpophaga, 102.

Gallinago gallinago, 17, 50, 70, 71. lauterbachi, Chlamydodera, 10.
Gallinula chloropus, 71. leucopheea, Calandrella, 13.
garrulus, Ampelis, 82. leucopsis, Aphelocephala, 62.
germanus, Amblyornis, 13. Linota cannabina, 49.

gestroi, Ptilopus, 84. - rufescens, 70.

glandarius, Coccystes, 27. Locustella neevia, 74.
Glaucidium pycrafti, 85. lowei, Sylviella, 105.

godmani, Cyclopsittacus, 67. Loxia curvirostra, 58-61.

grandis, Stizorhina, 30.
granti, Bradyornis, 84.

pityopsittacus, 59.
seotica, 59-61.

gravis, Puffinus, 22. lugubris, Motacilla, 50.
gregaria, Chettusia, 28. Lullula arborea, 17, 74.
grisola, Musciiapa, 70. luteovirens, Chryscenas, 102.
Grus australasianus, 47. Lyrurus tetrix, 54.
‘guerilla, Micrastur, 29.

guianensis, Rhynchocyclus, 106. - Machetes pugnax, 17.
guilielmi, Paradisea, 36. mada, Columba, 104.
Guttera cristata, 14. major, Dendrocopus, 74.

seth-smithi, 14. ———, Parus, 40, 49.

Gyps fulvus, 73. maria, Paradisea, 56.
marinus, Larus, 78.

Halcyon sacer, 103. © Mathewsia, 47.

harterti, Myzomela, 100. -—— rubricunda, 47.

helene, Neopipo, 100. meeki, Parotia, 35.

hiaticola, Agialitis, 7, 69. Melanocorypha calandra, 73.

hibernicus, Parus, 386, 37. melanope, Motacilla, 70.

hilli, Kopsaltria, 41. melanops, Coracina, 100.

, Platycercus, 28. melanura, Pachycephala, 41.
Himantopus himantopus, 74. Melilestes flaviventris, 44.
Hirundo rustica, 70. novee-guines, 44.
histrionica, Cosmonetta, 38. melophilus, Hrithacus, 48.
howei, Diaphorillas, 100. Mergus squamatus, 77, 78.
huberi, Calospiza, 34, 50. Merops apiaster, 75.

humeralis, Ninox, 62.
hybrida, Hydrochelidon, 74.

cleopatra, 11.
reicbenowi, 12.

Hydrochelidon hybrida, 74. ——- viridis, 11, 12.
nigra, 74. viridissimus, 11, 12.
Hypocharmosyna aureicincta, 105. merula, Turdus, 72.
Micrastur guerilla, 29.
ignavus, Bubo, 82, 83. microrhyncha, Cinnyris, 6.
impennis, Plautus, 46. microrhynehus, Bradypterus, 8.
incertus, Carpodacus, 50, 51. micrura, Sylviella, 105.
intermedia, Porzana, 75. miliaria, Emberiza, 70.
5 Pavan, Milvus korschun, 75.
irbii, Agithalus, 59. milvus, 8, 74, 75.
iredali, Pufiinus, 40. minor, Calandrella, 13.
ispida, Alcedo, 69, 70. mollissima, Somateria, 40.
italie, A’githalus, 359. monachus, Vultur, 73.
monedula, Corvus, 50.
jacksoni, Cuculus, 14. Motacilla flava, 73.

jankowskii, Cygnus, 58. lugubris, 50.
melanope, 70.
keniana, Argya, 7. multistriata, Charmosynopsis, 45.

kikuyuensis, Alethe, 7. Munia assimilis, 28.

Vol. xxvii. |

Munia caniceps, 47.
castaneothorax, 28.
kumusil, 47.
Muscicapa grisola, 70.
musicus, Turdus, 17, 70.
mystacea, Prinia, 7.
Myzomela harterti, 100.
obscura, 1V0.

neevia, Locustella, 7+.
Nasiterna pygmea, 45.
viridipectus, 45.
Neopipo cinnamomea, 105.
—— helene, 105.

nigra, Hydrochelidon, 74.
nigriceps, Falco, 103.
nigricollis, Podicipes, 75.
nigrimentum, Hstrilda, 6.
Ninox humeralis, 62.
queenslandica, 62.
nisoria, Sylvia, 16.
nitidus, Piezorbynchus, 99.
nove-guines, Melilestes, 44.
nyasse, Bradypterus, 8.

obscura, Climacteris, 16.

, Myzomela, 100.
obseurus, Puflinus, 43.
occidentalis, Cyclopsittacus, 67.
(Edicnemus cedicnemus, 69.
olivaceus, Pomatorhinus, 9.
, Rhynchocyclus, 106.
orientalis, Tarsiger, 57.
Otis tarda, 73.

tus, Asio, 17.

oweni, Amytornis, 48.

Pachycephala melanura, 41.
pallescens, Corvus, 27.
pallida, Aphelocepbala, 62.
pallidior, Estrilda, 6.
pallidus, Bridyornis, 84.
Paradisea augustx-victorie, 36,
guilielini, 36.

maria. 36.

Parotia berlepschi, 35, 36.
carole, 35, 36.

meeki, 35.

Parus britannicus, 36, 37.
ceeruleus, LOL,

— cristatus, 27.

~—— hibernicus, 36-37.
major, 40, 49.
pennatus, Eutolmaétus, 75.
pennsylvanicus, Anthus, 78.
Perdix perdix, 69.
peregrinus Falco, 103.
perousei, Ptilopus, 102.
persouata, Poéphila, 68.

, Pyrrhulopsis, 102.
Phalacrocorax carbo, 22-27.

110

Phasianus colchicus, 54.
torquatus, 54.
Philacte canagica, 48.
Pheenicopterus roseus, 73.
pheenicuroides, Ammomanes, 46.
Phylloscopus viridanus, 16.
Pica pica, 27, 72.
Piezorhynchus nitidus, 99.
waraelli, 99.

wellsi, 105.

pilaris, Turdus, 50.
pityopsittacus, Loxia, 59.
Platycercus hilli, 28.
yenustus, 28.

Plautus impennis, 40.
Podicipes nigricollis, 75.
Poéphiia belcheri, 68.
personata, 68.
Pomatorhinus olivaceus, 9.
ripponi, 9.
Pomatostomus ashbyi, 87.
superciliosus, 37.
Porzana intermedia, 73.
pratensis, Anthus, 40.
Pratincola rubicola, 17.
Prinia intermedia, 7.
mystacea, 7.
somalica, 7.
Pteroclurus pyrenaicus, 73.
Ptilopus gestroi, 84.
perousel, 102.
zonurus, 84.

Puffinus atlanticus, 43.
bailloni, 44.
chlororhynchus, 40.
—— gravis, 2”.

iredali, 40.

obscurus, 43.

pugnax, Machetes, 17.
Pycnopygius stictocephalus, 104
pycrafti, Gliucidium, 85.
pygmea, Nasiterna, 45.
pyrenaicus, Pteroclurus, 73.
Pyrrhula europea, 49.
Pyrrhulopsis korvensis, 103.
personata, 102.
splendens, 102, 103.
taviunensis, 103.

queenslandica, Ninox, 62.
Querquedula discurs, 15.

radcliffei, Actinodura, 9.
Rallina pecilopterus, 102.
Rallus aquaticus, 74, 82.
ramsayi, Actincdura, 9.
Recurvirostra avocetta, 75.
reichenowi, Merops, 12.
Rhipidura albiscapa, 87.

— ailisteri, 87.
Rhynchocyclus guianensis, 106.

Rhynchocyclus olivaceus, 106.
ripponi, Pomatorhinus, 9.
Rissa tridactyla, 72.
rogersi, Butorides, 101.
roseus, Phcenicopterus, 73.
rubecula, Erithacus, 62.
rubicola, Pratincola, 17.
rubricunda, Ardea, 47,

, Mathewsia, 47.

rufa, Climacteris, 16.
rufescens, Linota, 70.
‘ruficapilla, Sylviella, 10.
rustica, Hirundo, 70.
rusticula, Scolopax, 69.

sacer, Halcyon, 103.
saturatus, Ammomanes, 46,
Scolopax rusticula, 69,
scotica, Loxia, 59-61.
scoticus, Lagopus, 55-57.
seebohmi, Calandrella, 13.
seth-smithi, Guttera, 14,
sheppardi, Cinnyris, 6.
simplex, Sylvia, 74.

Sitta csesia, 70.

whiteheadi, 5, 75.
sloetii, Campocheera, 104.
solitarius, Calliptilus, 102, 103.
somalica, Prinia, 7.
Somateria mollis:ima, 40.
splendens, Pyrrhulopsis, 102, 103.
squamatus, Mereus, 77, 78.
stalkeri, Columba, 104. e
Sterna fluviatilis, 69,
Stizorhina grandis, 30.
vulpina, 30.

striatus, Amytornis, 48.

, Diaphorillas, 100.
Strix flammea, 51.
subalaris, Amblyornis, 13.
Sula bassana, 57.
superciliosus, Anas, 102.

, Pomatostomus, 87.
Sylvia atricapilla, 49.
curruea, 17,

nisoria, 16.

simplex, 74.

Sylviella chubbi, 10.

lowei, 105.

—— micrura, 105.

111 [ Vol. xxvii.

Sylviella ruficapilla, 10.
Syrnium aluco, 58.

tamucoensis, Upucerthia, 101,
tarda, Otis, 73.

Tarsiger elgonensis, 57.
orientalis, 57.
tasmanica, Coracina, 100.
Tetrao tetrix, 79-82.
tetrix, Lyrurus, 54.

, Letrao, 79-82.

tonsa, Diaphorophyia, 86.
torda, Alca, 72.

torquata, Antigone, 47.
torquatus, Phasianus, 54.
tregellasi, Artamus, 100.
tridactyla, Rissa, 72.
troiie, Uria, 48, 72.
Trypanocorax frugilegus, 29.
Turdus merula, 72.

—— musicns, 17, 70.

—— jolene), 1510)

viscivorus, 50, 70.
tyrrhenicus, Aigithalus, 39.

Upucerthia dumetoria, 101.
tamucoensis, 101,
Uria troile, 48, 72.

Vanellus vanellus, 69.
venustus, Platycercus, 28.
viridanus, Phylloscopus, 16.
viridipectus, Nasiterna, 45.
viridis, Merops, 11, 12.
Viridissimus, Merops, 11, 12.
viscivorus, Turdus, 50, 70.
vulpina, Stizorhina, 30.
Vultur monachus, 73.

wardelli, Piezorhynchus, 99.
wellsi, Piezorhynchus, 105.
whitakeri, Ammomanes, 46.
whiteheadi, Sitta, 5, 75.
wilhelminz, Aprosmictus, 83.

Xanthomelus ardens, 66.
aureus, 67.

- Zenobia, Cinnyris, 12.
zonurus, Ptilopus, 84.

Printed by Taynor and Francts, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street.

OF THE

- ORNITHOLOGISIS’ CLUB.

EDITED BY

W. RB. OGILVIE-GRANT.

TH. coMM sme APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH

ae Scene aie,

ee « atnsonian /

sexs sie a

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB.

EDITED BY

NV OGILVIE-G IRAN T:

VOLUME XXVIII.

REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER
TE SED ETNIES EN THE SPRENG OF 1970:

ALSO NOTES ON THE MIGRATORY
MOVEMENTS AND RECORDS RECEIVED FROM
LIGHTHOUSES AND LIGHT-VESSELS
DURING THE AUTUMN OF 1909.

BY
THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH
ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

TAO UN OF ING:
WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN.

AUGUST 1911.

ALERE FLAMMAM.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

RED LION COURT FLEET STREET.

ae

CONTENTS

PAGE

INTRODUCTORY AC Ne be ue Be see Teo)

WEATHER-REPORT FOR THE PERIOD COVERED BY THE SPRING-
ImMiGRATION of 1910... sit oe sen ah Pee cetlies

Dairy DETAILS OF WEATHER-CONDITIONS, WITH THE CORRE-
SPONDING ARRIVALS OF THE SUMMER-RESIDENTS ... Tee a

REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF :—
THe Rinc-OuzEeL Has He eee ne wie son 2

Tur WHRATEAR ae ae a Ded ae ean
WHOPX son gh ave my ee <a oe soo AE

THe WHINCHAT ... eae ea: ae ae ee See ol
Map ... ae 493 eu we Ke ane ee OZ

THE REDSTART ... Be Nat ee abs ae soe, OD
Map ... ae a io bk ee are see OO

Tur NIGHTINGALE eee ee a a aeh ae, OD)
Map ... ve ae ns was whe aud Se oLOU)

THE WHITETHROAT Seis a ae 568 ae ane | (OB
Map... es pod doe ab ae Bu ». 64

THE LessER WHITETHROAT ... eae ae Ren | ee)
Maps. te a ne ae ee Bae a5 OS)

THE BLACKCAP ... ae one wie Pd ie vet tft
Map ... as bee A Re in sie Asie

4
REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF (continued) :—

THE GARDEN- WARBLER Ake ae Roe xa alse glo
Map ... a EA Nae a ae wee acne

Tur GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER ... ame ae ahr eae 7/9)
Map 3.. see mt ee ose ae one Be is) ,

THE CHIFFCHAFF or at ee Ane ae Bhs) (teil
Map ... see aa a nee Fe see seal 102

THE WILLOW-WARBLER Ay Ta we ae eet
Map ... aie ee se a ax Se Reel:

THE Woop-WARBLER ... BA mts a as Cees
Tur REED-WaARBLER ... Rae 5 hi ya ae soo OS

THE SEDGE-WARBLER ... lee tee vac aie sao
Map ... . see Mer ae oe ae eS

Tur WHITE WAGTAIL... ze ie ee a son KO

THE YELLOW WaGTAIL a fee mie ae peel Oe
Map ... ale ba bh ne Ne a .. 104

Tue TREE-PIPIT... Boe zee ake ee ae Oz |
NUGTD se We ne 5 sa coe a ... 108 |

Tur RED-BACKED SHRIKE ried ie - os soo LILI
Tue Sporrep FLYCATCHER .... rae ee aoe seo US
Tur Prep FLYCATCHER... sat Beet fe a ae LS |

THE SwaLLow ... ee she es Bo Sn Meet! LLG
Map :.. ais ee ae ae cae as ao ESRD

Tux Hovusk-MartTIn ... sae vat aye rts? Oca LO,
Map ... ae se ae ie ae ime alae

THE SAND-MARTIN as Bs, a Sa wake pay 219)
Map ... < aise whe sits aan ab pee)

THE SwIFT wu ae anh ao ne AS san USTs}
Map ... a oe as my, be we .. 134

THe NIGHTIAR ... ai ree a, fen wer 388

4)

REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF (continued) :—

Tur WRYNECK
Map

THE Cuckoo

Map

THE TurtLEe-Dove
Map

THE Lanp-Rat ... ae ae

THE ComMoN SANDPIPER

THE Common TERN

THE LitrLe TERN

UNSCHEDULED Birps

DETAILS OF THE CaIEF MOVEMENTS OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT-
STATIONS DURING THE SPRING oF 1910 ae os aes

Norrs on THE Miagratrory MOVEMENTS DURING THE AUTUMN
Oia HSNO) © oes 5. nae ihe ae fat ere

DETAILS OF THE CHIEF MOVEMENTS OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT-
SraTIONS DURING THE AUTUMN oF 1909

List OF OBSERVERS, ETC.

List oF LiGHT-STATIONS ... oe fa

PREFACE.

Tue twenty-eighth volume of the British Ornithologists’
Club contains the Report of our Migration Committee on
the movements in England and Wales of a number of
common migratory species during the autumn of 1909 and
the spring and early summer of 1910. It does not differ in
any essential from that of the previous year, but the autumn
records have in many cases been condensed, so as to shorten
the Report, which was becoming yearly more voluminous.

The Members of our Migration Committee are jointly
responsible for the following Report.

(Signed) W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT,
Editor.
BririsH Musrum (Naturat History),

Lonpon, 8.W.
11th August, 1911.

ae

Rs rOR

ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER-RESIDENTS IN
THE SPRING OF 1910.

INTRODUCTORY.

Tuts Report, which covers the autumn migration of 1909
and the spring migration of 1910, is drawn up on similar
lines to the five Reports previously issued, so as to facilitate
comparisons between the different years when the investiga-
tions have been brought to a conclusion. The Committee
regret that they have lost the assistance of Commander
H. Lynes, R.N., who has been transferred to the China
Station.

In a notice of last year’s Report (cf. ‘ Nature,’ March 9th,
1910), the reviewer seemed to think that as the reports of
past years showed very minor differences in the arrival of
the various species, there was but little use in continuing the
investigations on the present lines, and that, in any case,
our present methods were unlikely to add much to what
was already known as to the real cause and manner in
which migration was carried on. He suggested that in
order to obtain better results we should extend our opera-
tions and work in conjunction with continental observers, and
that a systematic ‘ringing’ of the birds at the light-stations
would probably produce good results. As others may
perhaps hold similar views, we may again point out that
when these investigations were first undertaken it was
decided that they should be carried on over a period of ten
years before any attempt was made to generalize, or draw
deductions from the facts collected.

With regard to co-operating with our continental neigh-
bours, we may say that we are in communication with
several observers who are studying the subject abroad and that

B

10

we receive their publications. Further, that an attempt has .
been made to work the north coast of France and Belgium by
means of a chain of recorders in those countries, but has had
to be abandoned owing to a lack of competent observers able
to devote the necessary time to the work. As regards the
‘ringing’ of birds at the lights, the same idea had occurred to
us, and we quite think that such a method might*he produc-
tive of many definite results, but, unfortunately, it is quite
impracticable. We owe much to the courtesy of the Hlder
Brethren for allowing their keepers to fill in our schedules,
but the latter could not be expected to ‘ring’ birds, nor is
it to be expected that the authorities would allow unofficial
observers to remain at the lights during the migration-season.

The arrival of our summer-migrants commenced on the
5th of March, but during that month migration proceeded
very slowly. Except in the case of a few species, the
immigration did not begin until the 2nd of April and con-
tinued until the 23rd of May. After that date there was
very little movement, although a few species were unusually
late, notably the Spotted Flycatcher, the main body of
which did not arrive until June, while in some places
Sedge-Warblers had not reached their breeding-haunts by
the 13th of May.

The larger waves of migration were not very clearly marked,
but there were smaller ones on the 12th and 13th of April
and on the 15th of May. The largest movement occurred
on the 2nd of May, when no less than 25 species arrived
simultaneously on our coasts.

The immigration of the Wheatear (including both races)
extended over a longer period than that taken by any other
species, the first arrivals being observed on the 6th of March
and the last on the 19th of May. Other species occupying a
prolonged period were the Willow-Warbler (the 19th of
March to the 19th of May) and the Whinchat (the 26th
of March to the 23rd of May), while the shortest time seems
to have been taken by the Wood-Warbler (the 11th of April
to the 6th of May). The average length of the arrival
period for 1910 was about five or six weeks.

it

Owing toa scarcity of observers in the west, the exact area
of arrival of some species was rather difficult to determine.
The Terns, which arrived on the east and west coasts simul~
taneously, have been assigned to no particular route, and in
the case of the Common Sandpiper a lack of definite data
has obliged us to adopt a similar course. The migrations of
three species, viz. the Ring-Ouzel, Pied Flycatcher and
White Wagtail, offered difficulties, as they did not always
seem to follow the same course, some taking place on the
western part of the south coast and others on the eastern.
Many individuals of these species undoubtedly arrived by the
route under which they have been placed, but it is possible that
a few may also have reached our shores by another course.
Tn the case of two or three species which arrived along the °
whole of the south coast, it has been dificult to ascertain
whether they came in first from the east or from the west.
They have been placed under those routes which a careful
examination of the evidence seemed to favour, but have been
marked with an asterisk to imply that there was some doubt
on that point.

A. Species arriving solely on the western half of the south
coast.

Ring-Ouzel, Pied Flycatcher, Land-Rail.

B. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but
first and chiefly on its western half.
Wheatear, Redstart, Common Whitethroat, Garden-
Warbler, Chiftchaff, Willow-Warbler, Spotted Fly-
catcher, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift.

C. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but
first and chiefly on its eastern half,
Whinchat, Lesser Whitethroat*, Blackcap, Grass-
hopper- Warbler, Wood- Warbler *, Reed- Warbler, Sedge-
Warbler *, Nightjar, Cuckoo.

D. Species arriving along the south-east coast, from Essex
to Hampshire.
Nightingale, White Wagtail, Yellow Wagtail, Tree-
Pipit, Red-backed Shrike, Wryneck, Turtle-Dove.

B2

D2

The records received during the autumn of 1909, although
not quite so voluminous as those of the previous year, have
offered considerable difficulties in the way of condensation.
The Committee quite realized that their reports were be-
coming too cumbersome and perhaps too detailed. A
considerable effort has therefore been made to shorten the
sections dealing with that period, and wherever the facts
were sufficiently full to indicate definite movements these
have been shortly outlined and the detailed records largely
omitted. In a number of species this has been found to
be impossible, and the Committee have therefore thought it
best to adhere to the plan already adopted and publish the
records themselves.

Our thanks are due to Miss Rintoul and Miss Baxter
for their notes from the Isle of May, to Staff-Surgeon K. H.
Jones, R.N., for some valuable observations made at sea on
H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ to the Master and Elder Brethren of Trinity
House and to all observers and lightkeepers for their kind
co-operation, without which our investigations would be
impossible. Notes from other published sources have also
been carefully read and their facts incorporated with
our own.

F. G. Penrosz, Chairman.

J. L. Bonnore.

W. R. Oaitvir-Grant, Editor.
C. B. Rickert.

W. L. Scuater.

C. B. Ticknurst.

N. F. Ticenurst, Secretary.

13

WEATHER-RHEPORT

FOR THE

PERIOD COVERED BY THE SPRING-IMMIGRATION OF 1910.

Tue weather-reports are abstracted from the weekly returns
of the Meteorological Office, and include the conditions
prevailing between

Parallels of Latitude 40° N. and 60° N.,
* Longitude 10° E. and 10° W.

Special attention has been paid to the conditions observed
over the north coast of Spain, the Bay of Biscay, the coast
of France bounding the Bay, the English Channel, and our
southern shores. On the first line opposite the date isa record
of the height of the barometer, the direction and force of the
wind, the temperature and the weather-conditions prevailing
at 9 A.M. on each day, about twenty miles inland from the
southern coast of the western extremity of Hampshire.

The weather-conditions will be much more readily under-
stood if the meteorological maps are themselves consulted.

Summary of Weather-Conditions.

Marcu.—The month was unusually free from strong winds and there
was an exceptional amount of bright and dry weather. Fog
was prevalent between the 4th and the 8th, on the 19th and
20th and on the closing days. There was aiso a good deal
of fog along the east coast from the 28rd to the 26th.

Aprit.—The weather was generally unsettled and very cheerless, owing
to a series of low pressure systems crossing our area; there
was a good deal of rain and much mist and fog.

May.—During the first three weeks the weather was coid, inclement
and rainy. The fourth week was fine, but with much mist
and fog along the coast.

March Ist

March 2nd

March 3rd

March 4th

bile) fa aerieneiie

a a

piaiiiel ole) alve

ore erree

14

Bar. 300 in. Wind W. Temp. 88° F. Weather
fine.
| Barometer anticyclonic over the Iberian peninsula,
but cyclonic between Iceland and Ireland.
| Winds moderate or strong from N.W. over the
Bay of Biscay and from W. over the English
Channel. Temperature about 40° over the Bay
and Channel, but colder in the S.E. of England.
Weather fine generally.

| Bar. 80-0 in. Wind S.S.E., strong. Temp. 46° F.

| Weather fine.

| Barometer inclined to rise, as the anticyclone

| over Spain had travelled north-eastwards and

| the Icelandic depression was practically
stationary. Winds strong from the south over
our area generally. Temp. under 40° F. along
north coast of Spain, but very warm over the
English Channel and adjacent coasts, as high as
49° at Brest and above 40° over nearly the
whole of these Islands. Weather fine generally,
but misty off the French coast at the mouth of
the Channel.

Bar. 80-0 in. Wind S.E., strong. Temp. 46° F.
Weather fine.

Barometer inclined to fall over the Bay of Biscay,

| France and the south of England. Winds
strong from S. or S.E. Temp. remaining warm.
Weather fine.

| Bar. 29:9 in. Wind E., light. Temp. 43° F,
| Weather fine.

Barometer fallen, but still mainly anticyclonic.
| Winds moderate from S. or S.E, Temp. fallen
| generally over these islands, but still high along
| the south coast. About 50° F. along the north
| coast of Spain ; 40° F. along the coasts of the
English Channel; 47° F. at the Scilly Islands
| and freland. Misty along the shores of the

English Channel,

March 5th ..

March 6th ..

B. Wheatear.

B. Chiffchaff.

Chiffchaff.

March 7th ..
B. Chiffchaff.

March 8th ..

B. Wheatear.

March 9th ..

March 10th

OHO DOD

eo ees ee

15

Bar. 29°8 in. Wind S.E., moderate. Temp.
47° F. Weather fine.

Barometer, a shallow depression with centre of
29°77 in. over the Bay of Biscay. Wind W., ©
strong at Corunna, moderate or strong from
S. or $.E. elsewhere. Temp. ranging from
about 50° I*. over the north of Spain to 40° F.
over England generally. Weavher overcast,
with some mist about the Straits of Dover and
the Mouth of the Thames, otherwise fine.

Bar. 29°9 in. Wind S.E., strong. Temp. 46° F.
Weather, drizzle.

Barometer risen slightly. Wainds moderate or
strong from round the 8. point. Temp. 50° F.
along the N. coast of Spain; risen to 46° F.
over southern England. Weather overcast.

Bar. 30:0 in. Wind W., moderate. Temp. 46° F.
Weather misty.

Barometer risen slightly. Wind mainly southerly
over Spain, France and our Islands, moderate
or light in force. Temp. remaining the same,
Weather foggy at Corunna, fine or overcast
elsewhere.

Bar. 29:9 in. Wind S.W., light. Temp. 46° F.
Weather misty.

Barometer fallen slightly, due to the influence of
a depression far out in the Atlantic. Moderate
winds from the south over our area. Temp.
slightly warmer. Weather rainy or overcast.

Bar. 298 in. Wind S.W., light, Temp. 48° F.
Weather overcast. ;

Barometer fallen slightly, owing to the approach
of an Atlantic depression, Wind moderate or
strong from S.orS.W. Temp. slightly warmer.
Weather overcast generally, with rain at
Ushant.

Bar. 29°7 in. Wind W., calm. Temp. 43° F,
‘Weather overcast and misty.

Barometer: the depression from the Atlantic bas

| reached these Islands, with its centre over the

Wiel WIA sacacc

NWarchwil2 thinset

Wirraa Wd Sono be
B. Chiffehaff.

Nance helt) aeeieee

B. Wheatear.
D, White Wagtail.
Wry neck.

16

north of Scotland. Winds moderate or strong,
circulating cyclonically round the centre and so
from some south-westerly or southerly point
over the greater part of our area. Weather
overcast. Temp. from 40° F. to 45° F. over
the greater part of our area.

_ Bar. 29°8 in. Wind N.E., calm. Temp. 47° F.
Clear.

Barometer: a small depression over the S.W. of
France and another over the northern part of
the North Sea. Winds moderate, circulating
cyclonically round the depression over 8.W.
France and northerly over the greater part of
our area, including these Islands, but with a
S.W. gale on the 8.W. coast of Norway and
the west of Denmark. Temp. lower generally,
about 40° I. Weather overcast, with rain
along the French ccast of the Bay of Biscay.

Bar. 29°8 in. Wind N.E., strong. Temp. 40° F.
| Weather overcast.
Barometer: a depression with its centre over the
| Channel Islands, and moderate or strong winds
| circulating cyclonically round it. Weather
overcast or rainy. Temp. decidedly colder,

| Bar. 80:0 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Temp.
| 41° F. Weather fine.

Barometer: the depression had passed north-
| eastwards with a rising barometer in the south
and west of our area. Winds between N. and
N.W. over these Islands, as well as at Brest
and at Cape Finisterre, but southerly along the
French shore of the Bay of Biscay. Temp.
about the same. Weather fine generally.

| Bar. 80°05 in. Wind N., calm. Temp. 86° F,
Weather fine.

Barometer: a very shallow depression forming to
the south of Iveland. Winds moderate from
the S. or S.W. over these islands, but from the
N. over the Channel Islands, from the S.E. at
Brest, and from the N. over the rest of the
coasts of the Bay of Biscay. Temp. colder,

March 15th

March 16th

March 17th
B. Wheatear.

oz ee oe

17

Weather fine generally, but rain at Biarritz
and overcast along the north coast of Spain.

Bar. 30°07 in. Wind very light,S.S.W. Weather
fine.

Barometer: the shallow depression had dispersed,
and a V-shaped high-pressure system had spread
in from the Atlantic, affecting the greater part
of our area. Winds light, from the N. or N.E.
Temp. low. Weather fine generally, but fog
at Cape Finisterre and rain at Biarritz.

Bar. 301 in. Wind E., moderate. Weather

fine.

Barometer anticyclonic off the opening of the
Knglish Channel, and a large depression with
its centre to the north of the Faroe Islands,
which influenced the wind and weather of the
northern half of these Islands, the rest of our
area being under the influence of the above-
mentioned high-pressure system. Winds
moderate, circulating anticyclonically over the
Bay of Biscay and English Channel area;
moderate or strong from the south over the
North Sea and Scotland. Temp. low.
Weather fine generally, but with mist along
the western coast of Brittany.

Bar. 29°88 in. Wind N.W., strong. Weather

fair.

Barometer: the large depression had travelled
eastwards, its centre being over the W. of
Norway, with steep gradients. Strong winds
circulating cyclonically round this centre, as
far south as the Hnglish Channel; barometer
fairly high over the southern half of the Bay
of Biscay and the north of Spain, with light
northerly airs. Weather: fog at Cape Finis-
terre, but fine along the French coast of the
Bay, overcast or showery along both shores of
the Enelish Channel. Temp. 47° F. at the
Scilly Islands, 42° F. at Cape Finisterre, and
46° F. along southern England, but under
40° F. over the greater part of France.

March 18th

March 19th ..2...
B. Willow-Warbler. |

March 20th

33. Wheatear.
D. White Wagtail.

March 2Ist .

B. Chiffchaff.
Sand-Martin.

ween

18

Bar. 29-7 in.
settled.
Barometer: the northern depression, with its
centre over Finland, was still influencing the
winds over the greater part of our area, but
the conditions over the west of Ireland and the
north-west of Spain were under the influence
of a high-pressure system in the Atlantic, which
during the day approached nearer to Ireland.
Strong northerly winds over the greater part of
our area, Temp. cooler over England gene-
rally, but warmer in France, remaining about
the same over the English Channel, Bay of
Biscay, and adjacent coasts. Weather: fog at
Cape Finisterre and at Bordeaux, rain along
the southern shore of the English Channel,
very unsettled over these Islands, with snow-

showers.

Wind N., strong. Weather un- ~

Bar. 30:0 in. Wind N.E., strong.
but unsettled.

Barometer: our area was dominated by the bigh-
pressure system with its centre still to the west
of Spain and Ireland. Strong winds from some
northerly point over the whole of our area.

Weather overcast generally,

Weather fair,

Temp. colder.
but fine at Brest.

Bar. 80'l in. Wind N.W., calm. Cloudy.

Barometer: the whole of our area under the in-
fluence of the high-pressure system, with calm
or light airs from some northerly point. Temp.
cold over the eastern half of our area, with
readings about 52° F., over the western half of
our area readings about 45° F. Weather: a
tendency to mist along our southern coast.

Bar. 80°'l in. Wind N.W., calm. Cloudy.

Conditions generally the same as on the previous
day, misty along both shores of the North
Sea; the mist along our southern coast had
dispersed,

19

March 22nd <0... ‘Bar. 803 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather
preys : fine.
D. White Wagtail. |
- | Barometer: the anticyclone controlled the
weather over our area, with light or strong
breezes from some northerly point. Temp. re-
maining about the same. Weather fine gene-

rally, misty at Cape Finisterre.

March 23rd ...... Bar. 30-4 in. Wind N.E., calm. Weather fine,
; but hazy.

B. Chiffehaff. y mates ae oe
; ' Barometer very high, 30°6 in. over Ireland.

Sand-Martin. ot :
Winds moderate or strong. Temp, colder over
England. Weather dry, but with mist, fog, or
haze along the south coast and in the centre

|

| of England.
Manche 24th "2 52%,.: | Bar. 30-4 in. Wind N.E., calm. Weather
: | recast
ee Ono overcast.
co tae Barometer; the centre of the anticyclone 30°5 in,
B. Wheatear. : ‘ cn :
Go tChhelos over England. Winds light, circulating anti-
j eyclonically. Temp. risen, but still from 40° F.
to 45° F. Weather fine and dry generally, but
with fog and mist along our southern and
eastern shores and at Cape Finisterre.
Manche atin a. as Bar. 30°3 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather
B. Chiffchaff. Overcast:

Barometer remaining high, and other conditions
the same as on the previous day, but rather
warmer and with less fog and mist.

March 26th’)... 2)... Bar. 3802 in. Wind S.E., light. Weather
B. Chiffchaff. IN EES ;
Ceuhinchat Barometer: the centre of the anticyclone had
De Vellore acta moved slightly eastwards to the west of Den-
mak. Wind, light airs circulating anticycloni-
eally round this centre. Temp. lower, about
40° F. Weather fine over the Bay, overcast
elsewhere ; misty over Ireland.
Moarche2 (thes. a te Bar. 30°2 in. Wind S.E., light. Weather fine
but hazy.
. Wheatear. aS : : sa
. ina Barometer still anticyclonic. General conditions
ete Te, the same as on the previous day, but with a
Willow- Warbler. z
©. Whinchat good deal of mist and fog along both shores of

the North Sea and the English Channel,

March 28th

B. Wheatear.
Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler.

House-Martin.
C. Whinchat.
D. Wryneck.

March 29th

B. Redstart.
C. Whinchat.
Blackeap.

March 80th

A. Ring-Ouzel.
B. Chiffchatf.

March 31st

0) (aie (evoige

B. Redstart.
D. Turtle-Dove.

April 1st

Oo Dp Ooo

20

Bar. 80°2 in. Wind W., calm. Weather fine,
but hazy.

Barometer above 30:3 in.; an anticyclone over
these Islands. Winds light, circulating round
the centre. Temp. slightly colder over these
Islands. Weather fair, but with fog and mist
at Cape Finisterre and Ushant and along our
southern coast.

Bar. 30°4 in. Wind N.E., light. Weather fine.

Conditions much the same as the previous day,
but the mist along the coast of Brittany and
along our southern shores had disappeared ; still
forgy at Cape Finisterre.

Bar. 80'4 in. Wind N.E., light. Weather fine,
hazy.

Barometer: the centre of the anticyclone over
the south of Scandinavia. Moderate light
winds from the N.E. over the greater part of
our area, Temp. risen over the west and north
of these Islands, fallen somewhat elsewhere.
Weather fine generally, with fog at Cape
Finisterre.

Bar. 80'4 in. Wind N.E., strong. Weather
fine.

Barometer: conditions still governed by the anti-
cyclone extending from the south-west of these
Islands to Finland. Winds from the N.E. over
the greater part of our area, but southerly over
Treland and Scotland. Temp. fallen. Weather
overcast or fine ; no mist recorded.

| Bar. 30°3 in. Temp. 43° F. Wind N.E., strong.

Weather fine.

Barometer anticyclonic, with centre over these
Islands, the North Sea and Scandinavia. Wind
circulating anticyclonically round this centre
and strong from the N.E. over the greater part
of our area. Temp. about 40°F, Weather
fine, but with fog at Cape Tinisterre and along
the north coast of Ireland.

PATO ULL ee Claeys are
B. Chiffchaff.

Willow-W arbler.

Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.
C. Whinchat.
Sedge- Warbler.

Common Tern.

/ Nfl SiGe Tops bcs |

B. Wheatear.
Chiffchatf.

Willow-Warbler. |

Sand-Martin.
C. Whinchat.
Blackeap.
D. Wryneck.

Common Tern.

omilesthiy la

A. Ring-Ouzel.
B. Wheatear.
Chiffchaff.

Willow- Warbler. |

House-Martin.
C. Whinchat.
Cuckoo. ~
D. Wryneck.

Nom Gils ooeoqness

B. Wheatear.
Chiffchaff.

C. Blackcap.

D. Nightingale.

yak

Bar. 30-1in. Temp. 45° F. Wind N.E., mode-
rate. Weather fine.

| Barometer: the anticyclone passing eastwards
with a shallow irregular depression in its wake.
Wind strong to moderate from some point
between E. and N. over the Bay and its
shores, the English Channel and the south of
England, from some southerly point over the
rest of Great Britain and the North Sea. Temp.
a little colder. Weather fine generally, but
with snow at Biarritz.

Bar. 298 in. Temp. 43° F. Wind N.E., calm.

| Weather fine.

_ Barometer, a depression with its centre over

| France. Strong winds from the north all over
our area. Temp. fallen. Weather overcast at

| Corunna and Brest, fair along our south coast.

| Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 42° F. Wind N.E,, strong.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer, about the same. Moderate or strong
winds from the north excepting at Cape
Finisterre, where there was a strong westerly
breeze. Temp. risen. Weather rainy, with -
mist at Cherbourg and the Channel Islands,
also at Brest.

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 41° F. Wind S.E. Calm,

rain.

_ Barometer, the depression had shifted over to the
| English side of the North Sea. Winds strong,
circulating cyclonically round this centre.
Temp. risen slightly. Weather rainy, with
much mist at Brest, the Channel Islands,
English Channel, North Sea, and along our
south coast.

Cann OMOr OOO

April 6th

B. Wheatear.
Chiftchaff.

Willow- W arbler.

C. Blackcap.

April 7th

A. Ring-Ouzel.
B. Wheatear.
Chiffchatf.

Willow-Warbler.

Swallow.
C. Biackcap.

Common Sand-
piper.

April 8th

A. Ring-Ouzel.
B. Wheatear.
Chiffchatf,

Willow-Warbler.

Sand- Martin.
D. Wryneck.

‘Vom Ouliig geen ssa oc

A. Ring-Ouzel.
B. Wheatear.

Chiffchaff.
Sand-Martin.
C. Cuckoo.
J), Nightingale.
Wryneck.

Common Sand-
piper.

| Bar.

22

PIS» rhek Wind
Weather misty.

Barometer, still cyclonic, with a secondary (29:8in.)
depression at the mouth of the Iinglish Channel.
Winds variable from the 8S. W. at Cape Finisterre,
calm at Brest, N.W. at the Scilly Islands, and
N.E. in the English Channel and the North Sea.
Temp. about the same generally, but warmer
along the north coast of Spain. Weather
overcast generally, with rain and mist along

Temp:. 40°F; N.E-

our south coast.

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp. 42°F. Wind N.E., mode-
rate. Weather rainy.

Barometer, a shallow depression off the S.W. of
England. Winds moderate, circulating cycloni-
cally round this centre. Temp. about the same.
Weather cloudy, with mist at Bordeaux and

along the north and west coasts of Ireland.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 45° F.
Weather cloudy.

Barometer risen slightly. Winds strong from
the south at Cape Finisterre ; at Brest moderate
from the east, and from the north for the rest

Temp. warmer over the Bay of

Wind N.E., light.

of our area.
Biscay ; rather colder over England. Weather
rainy along the north coast of France; some
mist along the south coast of Ireland, fine
elsewhere.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 46° F. Wind N.E., ght.
Weather fine.

Barometer, an anticyclone with its centre over the
mouth of the Channel and the Bay. Winds
moderate or strong from the N.W. Weather:
overcast at Cape Finisterre, rain at Biarritz,
mist at the Scilly Islands and Ireland, fair
elsewhere.

April LOG ois 5. «

A. Ring-Ouzel,

B. Wheatear
Whitethroat.
Chiffchatf.
Willow- Warbler.
Swallow.

' Sand-Martin.

D. Yellow Wagtail.

Wryneck.

Common Tern.
Little Tern.

orileUlth 0... 5...

A. Ring-Ouzel.
Pied Flycatcher.

B. Wheatear.
Whitethroat.
Chiffchaff.
W illow- Warbler.
Swallow.
Sand-Martin.

C. Whinchat.
Blackeap.
W ood- Warbler.
Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale.
Yellow Wagtail.
Tree-Pipit.

Common Tern.
Little Tern.

April 12th

A, Ring-Ouzel.
B. Wheatear.
Redstart.
W hitethroat.
Chiffchaff.
Willow- Warbler.

} me
| Bar. 29°5 in.

ZS

Bar. 30-0 in. Temp. 50° F, Wind N.W., light.

Weather fair.

Barometer, about the same. Winds from the
east or north-east, moderate, over the Bay of
Biscay ; from the west over the English Channel
and our south coast. Temp. rather warmer.
Weatber: fog at Corunna, fair at Brest, and
misty along the south coast of Ireland.

|

Bar. 29°9 in. Temp. 51°F. Wind 8.FE., mode-
rate. Weather fair.

Barometer, a depression with its centre off the
north coast of Scotland. Winds moderate,
from some southerly point over our area
generally, but E. at Corunna. Temp. warmer.
Weather, misty over Brittany and the south
coast of Ireland, fair elsewhere.

|
|
|

Temp. 51° F. Wind 8.E., strong.
Weather unsettled.

| Barometer, the depression in the north of Scotland

had extended over these Islands with its centre
29:2 in. over St. George’s Channel. Winds from
the south moderate. Temp. warmer. Weather:
much mist at the Scilly Islands and off the

south coast of Ireland, unsettled elsewhere.

April 12th (con.).

B. S wallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

C. Blackcap.
Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale.

White Wagtail.
Yellow Wagtail.

Tree-Pipit.

Common Sand-

piper.
Common Tern.

April US thee cae |

A. Ring-Ouzel.
B. Wheatear.
Redstart.

Garden- Warbler.

Chiffchaff.

Willow- Warbler.

Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

CG. Whinchat.
Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap.
Wryneck.

10).

—

Tree-Pipit. .

Common Tern.

April 14th ......--

B. Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler. |

Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

Yellow Wagtail.

Bar. 29:1 in. Temp. 51° F. Wind 8.E., strong.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer, the depression the same as yesterday,
with strong winds circulating cyclonically.
Temp. very warm, 60°F. at Biarritz and at
Brest, and 50° F. over the English Channel, the
North Sea, and the south of England generally.
Weather rainy, unsettled, with mist at Brest.

Bar. 29°2 in. Temp. 47°F, Wind S.E., calm.
| Weather unsettled.

_ Barometer, the depression had passed N.E. with
its centre over the Shetland Islands and with
another centre off the S.W. of Ireland, Winds

| light or strong, circulating cyclonically round

| these centres. Temp, fallen. Weather over-
cast,

bo
(Sx

April 14th (con.).
C. Whinchat. |

Cuckoo. |
D. Tree-Pipit.
Wryneck.
April 15th ..... -+. |Bar. 292 in. Temp. 49°F. Wind south, light.
B. Wheatear. Weather fair.
Redstart. Barometer, the depression as on the previous day.
Whitethroat. Wind ditto. Temp. ditto. Weather rainy along
Chiffchaff. the coasts of the Bay and the English Channel.
Willow- Warbler.
Swallow.

House-Martin.

C. Whinchat.
Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap.
Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale. -
Tree-Pipit.
Wryneck.

Syomil Gas Seog dee Bar. 29°3 in. Temp. 50°F. Wind E., light.
Weather unsettled.
iby Nausea Barometer, the depression the same as on the

es previous day. Winds circulating cyclonically
See round it, Temp. rather warmer. Weather fine
eae ‘| at Corunna, rainy at Biarritz, overcast or rainy

over the western portion of the English Channel
and its adjacent coasts, but fine about the
Straits of Dover and the adjacent shores.

House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

C. Whinchat.
Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap.
Sedge-Warbler.
Wood- Warbler.

D. White Wagtail.
Yellow Wagtail.

Common Sand-
- piper.

April 17th

A. Pied Flycatcher.
B. Wheatear.

April 18th
AN

B.

we

—

April 19th ........
A

. Whinchat. |

W illow-Warbler. |

C.

D.

Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Chiffchaff.
Willow-Warbler.
Spotted Fly-
catcher.
Swallow.
House-Martin.

Blackeap.
“W ood- Warbler.
Reed-Warbler.

Little Tern.

Ring-Ouzel.
Land-Rail,
Wheatear.
Redstart.

W hitethroat.
Chiffchaff.

Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.
W hinchat.
Blackcap.
Nightingale.
Tree-Pipit.
Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-
piper.

Common ‘T'ern.

Little Tern.

Ring-Ouzel.
Land-Rail.

| Bar. 29°8 in.

Bar. 300 in.

26

Temp.45° F. Wind N.W., strong.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer risen, due to an area of high pressure
to the 8.W., but there was a depression off the
west coast of Ireland. Winds: strong from
the W. at Corunna, moderate from the S. at
Biarritz, and moderate or strong from some
north-westerly point over the rest of our area.
Temp. about the same. Weather: fog at
Corunna, fine generally elsewhere, but some
mist along the coasts and in the North Sea.

Bar. 29-9 in.
Weather rainy.

Barometer, the depression off the west of Ireland
had passed north-eastwards, with its centre to
the north of Scotland. Winds strong from some
westerly point over our area. Weather over-
cast, rain or mist.

Temp. 48° F. Wind 8.W.

Temp. 54° F,
Weather overcast.

Wind W., strong.

Barometer, an anticyclone with its centre 30°5 in.

2h
April 19th (con.). _ over the Bay of Biscay. Winds, calm to strong
B. Wheatear. meee: ae Temp. ne warm. Weather,
Redstart. much mist or fog everywhere.
Chiffchaff. |
Willow-Warbler. | :
Swallow.

|

House-Martin. |
C, Blackcap. |
Grasshopper-
Warbler.
Cuckoo.
Tree-Pipit.
Wryneck.
Turtle-Dove.

Jssyormll 2200 0 ee olor cles | Bar.30:-lin. Temp. 55°F. Wind W., moderate.

A. Ring-Ouzel. Weather overcast.
Tail: Barometer and winds the same as on the previous
eRWilcatoar day. Weather: fog at Corunna; rain at Biarritz;
aiken fine at Brest; foggy at the Channel Islands ;
Ohiffchaff. rainy or overcast along our south coast.
Willow-Warbler.
Swallow.

Sand-Martin.
C. Whinchat.
Blackcap.
Cuckoo
D. Tree-Pipit.
Turtle-Dove.

Aol PAIS Bp ainisin Bar. 80°0 in. Temp. 57° F. Wind W., strong.

: Weather fair.
A. Ring-Ouzel. eee ae he le
B. Wheatear. Scene WLC CAODIE AS Os Foes previous Cay

with the centre over the Bay of Biscay. Winds

Redstart. E : 5 :
Chiffehaff moderate to strong, circulating anticyclonically
IE ee arhion round that centre. Weather: much fog and
ee iow. mist generally.

| C. Whinchat.
Blackeap.

Wood- Warbler.

Sedge- Warbler.
D. Nightingale.

White Wagtail.

April 21st (con.).

D, Tree-Pipit.
Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-

piper.

NY ojull SPY Soooos

A. Ring-Ouzel.

Pied Flycatcher.

B. Wheatear.
Redstart.

Garden- Warbler.

Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler.

Swallow.
Whinchat.
Blackcap._

Cr

Grasshopper-

Warbler.

Wood- Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.
Nightingale.
White Wagtail.
Turtle-Dove.

10).

A

Common Sand-

piper.

April OBL sacoos

A, Ring-Ouzel.
B. Redstart.
Chiffchatt.

Willow-Warbler.

Swallow.

House-Martin.

Swift.
C. Whinchat.
Blackcap.

Grasshopper-

Warbler.

Wood-Warbler.
Sedze- Warbler.

Cuckoo.

Bar. 29:9 in, Temp. 50°F. Wind N.W., light.
Weather fine.

Barometer the same as yesterday, with] strong
winds from the N.W. Temp. about the same.
Weather: mist or rain,

| Bar. 29°93 in. Temp. 45° F. Wind south,
light. Weather dull.

Barometer fallen slightly. Winds still circu-
lating anticyclonically as on the previous day.
Temp. fallen slightly. Weather fair generally,
but with mist and thunder-storms oyer East
Anglia,

April 23rd (con.).

D. Yellow Wagtail.
Turtle-Dove.

Joye 527 ce ee

A. Ring-Ouzel.

B. Garden- Warbler.
Chiffchaff.
Willow- Warbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.
Switt.

. Whinchat.
Blackcap.
Grasshopper-

Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.
D. Yellow Wagtail.

PAO TN Sl. 2 xs 3

A. Ring-Ouzel.

B. Wheatear.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Chiffchaff.
Willow-Warbler.
Swallow.
Sand-Martin.
Swift.

. Blackcap.
Grasshopper-

Warbler.
Cuckoo.

. Nightingale.
Yellow Wagtail.
Wryneck.

Common Sand-

Bar. 29°3 in. Temp. 50° F.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: a cyclonic disturbance with its centre
over the N. of Scotland, 28:9 in. Strong winds
circulating cyclonically round that centre.
Temp. about the same. Weather rainy, with
mist at Brest.

Wind W., strong.

Bar. 29°4 in. Temp. 47° F.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depression had passed north-
eastwards. Strong winds, mostly from some
westerly point over the whole area. Temp.
about the same. Weather changeable, with
rain or hail along our south-west coast.

Wind W., strong.

piper.

April 26 th

A. Pied Flycatcher.
Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear.
Willow-Warbler.
Swailow.
Sand-Martin.

C, Grasshopper-

Warbler.

Common Sand-

piper.
Common Tern.

April 27th

et CC

A. Pied Flycatcher.
Land-Rail.
Wheatear.
Whitethroat.
Willow-Warbler.
Swallow.
Sand-Martin.
. Wood-Warbler.
Nightjar.

B.

C

Cuckoo.
. Tree-Pipit.
Turtle-Dove.

a

—_

April 28th

A. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear.
Redstart.
W illow- Warbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

Bar. 29°8 in.

C, Whinchat.
Lesser White-
throat.
D. Yellow Wagtail.
Turtle-Dove.

30

Bar. 29°6in. Temp. 45°F. Wind N.W., strong.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer the same as yesterday. Winds gene-
rally strong from some north-westerly point.
Temp. fallen. Weather stormy, with rain and
hail over our south coast and the English
Channel, but fine at Brest, overcast elsewhere.

Bar. 30:0 in.
ther fine.

Barometer had altered but slightly. Winds from
some southerly or south-westerly point over
the greater part of our area, but strong from
the N.E, at Biarritz. Temp. about the same.
Weather fine generally.

Temp. 51°F. Wind S.W. Wea-

Temp. 51° F. Wind 8.W., mode-

Weather unsettled.

Barometer influenced by a depression with its
centre over the Faroe Islands, with strong
winds from the west over our area. Temp.
about the same generally, but warmer over the
Bay of Biscay. Weather fine along the south
ecast and in the English Channel, overcast,
with mist or rain, elsewhere.

rate.

April 29th ........ |

A. Pied Flycatcher.

B.

Asal GLO SAS eee
B.

Se

D.

. Whinchat.

. Grasshopper-

Land-Rail.

W heatear.
Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Willow-Warbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

Lesser White-
throat.

Reed-Warbler.
Sedge-Warbler. |
Cuckoo. |

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail.
Red-backed |
Shrike. |

Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

Warbler.
Reed- Warbler.
Sedge-Warbler.
Cuckoo.
Nightingale,
Yellow Wagtail.
Wryneck.

Common Tern.

31

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp.49° F. Wind N.W , strong
Weather fair.

Barometer: a high-pressure area with its centre
in the Atlantic to the west of the Bay of
Biscay. Winds circulating anticyclonically
round this centre and therefore from some north-
erly point over our area. Temp. fallen slightly.
Weather fair generally.

Bar. 30:2 in. Temp. 48° F. Wind N.W., light.
Weather fair.

Barometer and winds the same as on the previous
day. Temp. about the same. Weather fine
generally, but with some mist between England
and Holland and along the S.W. and N. coasts
of Ireland.

May Ist ..........

A.

B.

A.

B.

Pied Flycatcher.

Land-Rail.
Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler.

Spotted Fly-

catcher.
Swallow.
Sand-Martin.
Swift.

.» Whinchat.

Lesser White-
throat.
Blackeap.
Grasshopper-
Warbler.
W ood- Warbler.
Reed- Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.
Cuckoo.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail.
Turtle-Dove.

Pied Flycatcher.

Land-Rail.
Wheatear.
Redstart.
Whitethroat.

Garden- Warbler.

Chiffchaff.

Willow- Warbler.

Spotted Fly-

catcher.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.
Swift.

©. Whinchat.

32

Bar. 30°2 in. Temp. 50° F. Wind N., light.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer anticyclonic, as on the previous day.
Strong winds from some northerly point over
our area. Temp. warm. Weather fine.

Bar. 300 in. Temp. 55° F. Wind N.W., light.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer and winds the same as on the previous
day. Temp. about 50° F. Weather overcast
and rainy, with fog at the Scilly Islands.

May 2nd (con.).

C.

D.

Lesser White-
throat.
Blackcap.
Grasshopper-
Warbler.
W ood-Warbler.
Reed- Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.
Cuckoo.
Nightingale.
Yellow Wagtail.

Common Tern.
Little Tern.

May onde sisniic che.

A.
B.

Land-Rail.
Wheatear.
Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Chiffchaff.
Willow-W arbler.
Swallow.
Sand-Martin.
Swift.

. Whinchat.

Lesser White-
throat.
Blackcap.
Grasshopper-
Warbler.
Reed- W arbler.
Sedge- Warbler.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail.
Wryneck.

Common Tern.

|
|

Bar. 30'lin. Temp. 51°. Wind N.,light. Wea-
ther fine.

Barometer still anticyclonic. Wind from some
northerly point trom Spain to the middle of
England; from some southerly point over the
north of England, Scotland, and the north of
Ireland, due to the influence of a depression
between our Islands and Iceland. Temp. fallen
slightly. Weather overcast generally, with
mist at Brest, but fine along our south coast.

May 4th

eoreerecees

A. Land-Rail.
B. Wheatear.

May 5th

Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Chiffchaff.
Willow- Warbler.
Swallow.
Sand-Martin.

. Whinchat.

Lesser White-
throat.
Blackeap.
Grasshopper-
Warbler.
Reed- Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail.
Tree-Pipit.
Wryneck.

Little Tern.

ee

‘A. Ring-Ouzel.

B.

Wheatear.
Redstart.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Chittchaff.
Willow- Warbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.

. Whinchat.

Blackeap.

Grasshopver-
Warbler.

Sedge-Warbler.

Cuckoo.

|
}
|

d4

Bar. 29°9 in. Temp. 47° F. Wind N., strong,
Weather unsettled.

Barometer still anticyclonic.
the north. Temp. much colder.
showery, with mist, hail and rain.

Winds strovg from

Weather

Bar. 296 in. Temp. 45° F. Wind S.W., light.
Weather rainy.

Barometer: a depression with its centre over the
Faroe Islands. Winds generally strong from
the west. Temp. fallen. Weather unsettled
generally, fine at Corunna, rain at Brest, and
rain or fog along the English Channel and
adjacent shores,

May Sth (con.).

D. Nightingale.
White Wagtail.
Tree-Pipit.
Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-

piper.
Mieiy Gti ie hice ore Bar. 29°5 in. Temp. 51° F. Wind W., strong.
B. Whitethroat. Weather fair.
@hidchar Barometer: the depression to the north the same
WiillomeVarhler. as before, but there was a V-shaped area of
Sival iho, high pressure over the Bay of Biscay. Winds
Seadlinera. circulating round these two centres mostly
uaihindchat® from some westerly point over our area. ‘Temp.
Grasshopper- low. Weather overcast, with much mist and
Warbler. oe

Wood-Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.
D. Red-backed

Shrike.
INR TANGY Aan oor Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 49° F. Wind W., strong,
B. Willow-Warbler. Weather unsettled.
S wallow. Barometer: conditions as on the previous day.
House-Martin. Temp.low. Weather overcast, fog at Biarritz,
Guy vhinchate and stormy along our southern shores.
Lesser White-
throat.

Wood-Warbler.
D. Nightingale.

Marya Sthierene vere Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 45° F. Wind N.W., light.

A. Land-Rail. Weather unsettled.

B. Spotted Fly- Barometer: the depression to the north had

aati nar. passed eastwards. Winds moderate or strong

Swallow. from N.W. Temp. fallen. Weather: rain-
House-Martin. squalls along the English Channel and adjacent
Swift. coacts, but fair at Brest.

C. Wood-Warbler.
Cuckoo.
Little Tern.

May 9th

A, Land-Rail.
B. Whitethroat.

Garden- Warbler.
Willow-Warbler.

Swallow.
House-Martin.
Swift.

. Lesser White-

throat.
Blackcap.
Reed- Warbler.
Nightjar.
Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale.

May 10th

Turtle-Dove.

A. Land-Rail.
B. Whitethroat.

C.

Willow- Warbler.

Swallow.

Swift.

Lesser White-
throat.

Blackcap.

Cuckoo.

D. Tree-Pipit.

May 11th
B.

D.

. Lesser

W heatear.
Whitethroat.
Willow- Warbler.
Swallow.
White-
throat.
Blackcap.
Reed-W arbler.
Tree-Pipit.
Red-backed
Shrike.
Turtle-Dove.

56
| Bar. 29°7 in. Temp. 44°F. Wind N.W., mode-

rate. Weather unsettled.

| Barometer: the weather of our area is influenced

by the approach of a high-pressure system
from the Atlantic. Winds strong from N.W.
Temp. lower. Weather stormy generally, but
fine at Corunna.

Bar. 29'9 in. ‘Temp. 47° F.
Weather hazy.

Barometer as on the previous day. Winds ditto.
Temp. still low. Weuther: much cloud and
mist.

Wind N., light.

Bar. 30° in. Temp. 50° F. Wind N.E., light.
Weather fair.

Barometer: conditions very complex. Winds
strong, from some northerly point over the
greater part of our area, but southerly along
the west of Ireland and Scotland. Temp.
risen decidedly. Weather: foggy at Corunna,
fine at Brest and over the English Channel and
adjacent coasts.

May 12th ...

A. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear.
Whitethroat.
Swallow.

C. Reed- Warbler.
Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale.
White Waetail.

eserves

Morel tb fat ve osc

A. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear.
Whitethroat.
Willow-Warbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.

D. Red-backed

Shrike.
Turtle-Dove.

Maiyah te...

A. Pied Flycatcher.
Land-Rail.

B. Swallow.
Honuse-Martin.
Sand-Martin.
Swift.

C. Whinchat.

D. Red-backed

Shrike.
Turtle-Dove.

Common Tern.

Milayy TNS Goss 5.6

A. Pied Flycatcher.
B. Spotted Fly-
catcher.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Swift,

a

Bar. 295 in. Temp. 49° F. Wind N.E., mode-
rate. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: a depression with its centre 29°5 in.
over the Channel Islands. Strong winds circu-
lating cyclonically round this centre. Temp.
lower generally. Weather stormy, with much
rain.

Bar. 29°5 in. Temp. 49° F. Wind 8.E., light.
Weather showery.

Barometer : conditions the same as on the previous
day. Temp. about the same. Weather fine at
Corunna, showery elsewhere.

Bar, 29°38 in. Temp. 55° F. Wind E., light.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depression had passed out into
the Atlantic. Winds light, easterly. Temp.
warmer. Weather: rain at Corunna and at
Bordeaux; fine at Brest; unsettled in the
English Channel and adjacent coasts, but fine
over the North Sea and adjacent shores.

Bar. 29°7 in. Temp. 54° F. Wind E., light.
Weather unsettled...

Barometer: centre of depression off the north

coast of Spain. Winds light, from some

easterly poimt over our area. Temp. about

50° F. Weather generally fair, but fogey

along our east coast and also about the Scilly

Islands.

May 15th (con.).

C. Whinchat.
Blackcap.
Reed-Warbler.
Sedge-Warbler.
Nightjar.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail.

Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-

piper.
Common Tern.
Little Tern.

May 16th
A. Ring-Ouzel.

Pied Flycatcher.

B. Whitethroat.

Spotted Fly-
catcher.

Swallow.

House-Martin.

Swift.

C. Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap.
Sedye- Warbler.
Nightjar.
Cuckoo.

. Turtle-Dove.

Common Tern.
Little Tern.

May 17th

A, Pied Flycatcher.

B. Whitethroat.

Garden- Warbler.

Spotted F'ly-
catcher.

Swallow.

House-Martin.

OO n np 60 5

|

BB

Bar. 29:7 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind S.E., light.
Weather fine.

Barometer and wind the same as on the previous
day. Temp. much warmer. Weather con-
ditions: much fog and mist.

Bar. 29°7 in. Temp. 57° F,
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depression to the south had its
centre over Spain. Winds easterly. Temp.
warmer. Weather: foggy at Corunna, rain at
Bordeaux, fine at Brest, squally at the Scilly
Islands, and much fog elsewhere.

Wind N.E., strong.

39
May 17th (con.).

C. Nightjar.
Cuckoo. |
D. Turtle-Dove. |

Little Tern.

May lSthy <1... .

A. Pied Flycatcher.
B. Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Willow-Warbler. |
Spotted Fly-
catcher.
Swallow.
Swift. |
IC. Sedge-Warbler. |
D. Turtle-Dove. |

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind 8.W., light.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer : conditions the same as on the previous
day. Temp. ditto. Weather: fair at Corunna,
fine at Brest, foggy at the Channel Isles,
unsettled, with rain, mist and fog, elsewhere.

Alley ISAO Boo on ace

A. Pied Flycatcher.

B. Wheatear.
Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Willow-Warbler.
Spotted Fly-

catcher.
Swallow.
Swift.

. Wood-W arbler.
Reed-Warbler.
Sedge- Warbler.
Cuckoo.

| Bar, 295 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind S.E., light.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depressicn had extended from
Spain to our southern shores.
lating cyclonically round it.
same.

Winds circu-
Temp. about the
Weather fine along the north coast of
Spain, rainy or overcast over the English
Channel and our southern and eastern coasts.

May 20th ........

A. Pied Flycatcher.
B. Garden- Warbler.
Spotted Fly-

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 61° F. Wind 8.W., light.
‘Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the centre of the depression was in the
English Channel. Winds circulating cycloni-

catcher.
Swallow.
Swift.

cally round it. Temp. warmer. Weather: same
as previous day, much mist.

May 20th (coz.).

C. Sedge-W arbler.
D. Nightingale.
Red-backed
Shrike.

Maya stisrrne etme

A. Pied Flycatcher.
B. Garden-Warbler.
Spotted F'ly-
catcher.

Swallow.
House-Martin.
C. Sedge-Warbler.
Wood- Warbler.
D. Wryneck.
Turtle-Dove.

Maye22n dire. rrier

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat.
Garden-W arbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.

C. Sedge-Warbler.
Nightjar.
Cuckoo.

D. Turtle-Dove.

May 28rd ........

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat.
Garden-W arbler.
Swallow.
House-Martin.

C, Whinchat.

Common Sand-
piper.

40

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp. 58° F. Wind N.W., light.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: conditions very complex. Winds
light, from some northerly point generally.
Temp. about the same. Weather calm, with
much mist along our side of the English
Channel,

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp. 62° F.
Weather hazy.

Barometer: a high-pressure system approaching
from the Atlantic. Winds light from some
northerly point. Temp. fallen slightly. Weather

Wind N.W., light.

calm, with fog at Corunna, fine at the Scilly
Islands, overcast or cloudy generally.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 64° F.
Weather fine.

Barometer, &c.: conditions the same as on the
previous day.

Wind N.E., light.

May 24th

A. Land-Rail.
B. Whitethroat.

Garden-Warbler.

C. Whinchat.

May 25th ........

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.
Spotted Fly-

catcher.
Swallow.
House-Martin.
Swift.
C. Lesser White-
throat.
Blackcap.
D. Turtle-Dove.

May 26th .......-

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat.
Garden- Warbler.

C. Cuckoo.

D. Turtle-Dove.

May 27th

B. Swift.
D. Turtle-Dove.

eee tetas

May 28th

B. Spotted Fly-
catcher.
House-Martin.
Sand-Martin.
C. Nightjar.

CC ns OE

+1

| Bar. 30:1 in. Temp. 64° F.
Weather fine.

Barometer: anticyclonic with a centre to the
north of these Islands. Light winds from the
N.E. Temp. about 60° F. Weather con-
ditions fair, but with fog or mist at Corunna
and along the extreme S.W. of our coast.

Wind N.E., light.

Bar. 30°2 in. Temp. 51°F. Wind N.E., strong.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the centre of an anticyclone over
Scotland. Wind strong from the N.K. ‘Temp.
lower. Weather conditions fair, with fog or
mist along the shores of the Bay of Biscay and
the English Channel.

Lar. 30:2 in. Temp. 52° F,
Weather fine.

Barometer and winds the same as on the previous
day. Temp. colder. Weather: much mist at
the mouth of the English Channel.

Wind N.E., light.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 60° F.
Weather unsettled.

Barometer: a high-pressure system to the S.W.
of Ireland. Winds moderate, from some north-
erly or westerly point. Temp. risen. Weather
fair, but with fog at Biarritz, mist at Brest,
and squally at the Scilly Islands.

Wind N.E., light.

Bar. 29°9 in. Temp. 65° F. Wind W., light.
Weather fine.

Barometer: conditions anticyclonic, the same as
on the previous day.

May 29th .....
B. House-Martin.

May 30th .....

C. Cuckoo.

Mian olistarpsaricts
B. Swallow.

Swift.

unewlstese eee

B. Swift.

42

| Bar. 29°8 in. Temp. 58° F. Winds W., light.

Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the high-pressure system persisted,
but there was a deep depression between Iceland
and Scotland, influencing the weather over the
north of these Islands. Winds from some
westerly point, light. Temp. fallen slightly.
Weather overcast, with rain along our south
coast.

Bar. 29°77 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind W., light.
Weather fair.

Barometer: the depression to the north domi-
nating the weather over our area. Strong
winds from the W. Temp. lower. Weather
unsettled, with fog and rain along the north
coast of Spain, the French shores of the Bay of
Biscay, and both sides of the English Channel.

Bar. 29°5 in, Temp. 52° F. Wind W., strong.
Weather stormy. t

Barometer: conditions the same as on the pre-
vious day. Weather: fiue along the north
coast of Spain, stormy elsewhere, with mist or
fog at the mouth of the English Channel.

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 55° F.- Wind 8.W., light.
Weather unsettled, rainy.

Barometer: the depression had passed eastwards,
with its centre over the south of Norway.
Winds south-westerly, moderate or strong.
Temp. about the same. Weather: rain along
our south coast.

THE RING-OUZEL.

Turdus torquatus, L.

A SINGLE individual of this species was noted on the Derby-
shire and Cheshire border on the 11th of March, and a second
in S.W. Yorkshire on the 13th. The first immigration seems
to have occurred in the west about the 24th, and during the
two following days penetrated as far north as Yorkshire and
Northumberland. Small numbers continued to arrive until
about the 8th or 9th of April, when a second immigration
occurred, the birds dispersing to their breeding-quarters
in the west and north. The records from the midland
and south-eastern counties were very scanty and, with the
exception of a single bird recorded from Kent on the 27th
of March, probably one of those which had previously
arrived in the west, it was not until nearly three weeks later
that the Ring-Ouzel made its appearance in the south-east.
On the 14th of April it was recorded from Middlesex, on the
16th from Berkshire and between the 18th and 25th from
several localities in Sussex ; these records probably indicated
an immigration on the eastern half of the south coast.

These birds were presumably only passing migrants, as
their further course in this country could not be traced and
our resident birds had already begun to breed. A nest with
four eggs was found in Somerset on the 23rd of April and
young a week old were recorded from Wales on the 8th of
May. The passage of continental birds appears to have
continued in this country for some time, as they were noted

in Norfolk as late as the 15th of May. _ a
p2

44

A reliable observer in South Devonshire informed us that
he saw two Ring-Ouzels on the moors in February, and this
seems to point to the fact that some individuals undoubtedly
winter in this country.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 11th. Cheshire and Derby border.
55 13th. S.W. Yorkshire.
i 24th. Devon, Yorkshire.
53 26th. Cheshire (increase). Northumberland.
Ze 27th. Kent, Shropshire, Staffordshire and Derby

border.
i 28th. Carnarvon.
be 30th. Cornwall (passing).
April Ist. Carnarvon (increase).
i 2nd. Radnor.
ss 3rd. Somerset.
si 6th. Lancashire.

Ny 8th. W. Yorkshire (slight increase).
Es 9th. Shropshire (slight increase).

a 11th. Cheshire (increase).
55 L1th/12th. Carnarvon light.
me 12th. Yorkshire (slight further increase).

“ss 13th. Merioneth.
% 14th. Middlesex.
: 16th. Berks, Clyde.
~ 18th. Sussex.
5 19th. Denbigh (passing).
A 20th. Montgomery.

r 21st. Yorkshire (increase).

2 23rd. Somerset (nest with eggs).

c: 24th. Merioneth (increase). Yorkshire (nest
ready). Argyll.

$5 25th. Yorkshire (further increase).

“ 28th, Derby.

45

May Ist. Glamorgan.
= 5th. Bedford.
F 7th. Radnor (nest with eggs).
4s 8th. Merioneth (nest with young).
et 9th. Staffordshire.
14th. Cumberland (nesting).
5 15th. Norfolk (passing). Carnarvon (nest with

eggs).

46

W HEATEAR.

42RD
WALES.

Exgiish Niles.
M. = May
Dates without initial are ||
in April ‘|

| Meh. = March.

:

THE WHEATEAR.
Saxicola ananthe (L.).

Tus bird arrived along the whole of the south coast. The
earliest record was in Devonshire on the 6th of March, and
two were killed at the Smalls lighthouse (Pembroke) on the
night of the 14th/15th. By the end of the month Wheatears
were thinly distributed over the country, and had reached
Northumberland on the 28th and Cumberland on the 29th.
A very considerable immigratory movement took place
between the 3rd and 12th of April, when large numbers
were observed passing the N. Devonshire, Hampshire,
Pembroke and Carnarvon lights. On the 8th two Wheatears
flew on board H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ one at 8 A.m. in lat. 50° 55’ N..
long. 8° 25’ W., and a second at noon in lat. 51° 2’ N.,
long. 8° 2’ W. This first large influx during the first fort-
night in April largely increased the number of this species
all over the country.

A second wave of immigration occurred between the Ist
and 6th of May, and many were reported at the Hampshire,
Kent, and Essex lights on the nights of the 1st/2nd and
3rd/4th, while stragglers were noted on the 4th/5th. After
that date very few migratory movements were recorded, but
the species apparently continued to pass into and through
the country up to the third week in May. Many were
observed on passage in Wiltshire on the 6th of May, anda
party of about fifty (mostly males) was seen in Shropshire
on the 16th, while two were recorded at the Smalls light
(Pembroke) as late as the night of the 7th/8th June. Wheat-
ears were nesting in Cornwall and Hereford on the 17th of
April, in Sussex and Wiltshire on the 24th, and in Glamorgan

48

and Shropshire on the 1st of May. Nests with eggs were
found in Staffordshire on the 9th and in Yorkshire on the
10th.

So far as we can judge from the scanty material available
(wings sent from the lights, and a few notes from inland
observers), the April migrants were all of the smaller race ;
while those obtained or observed in May were chiefly of the
larger race. One male killed at Dungeness light and some
females obtained at the Kentish Knock light-vessel on the
night of the 3rd/4th May were of the smaller race, while
some males killed at the same time were of the larger race.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March — 6th. Devon.
is 8th. Hants.
», 14th/15th. Pembroke light.
ie 14th. Kent.
a 15th. Pembroke, Brecon.
ne Aso, Sussex, Dorset, Herts.
a 18th. Somerset, Suffolk.
¥y 19th. Staffordshire.
3 20th. Cornwall, Glamorgan, Isle of Man.
fy 22nd. Yorkshire.
5 24th. Kent light.
x 25th, Hants, Norfolk, Westmoreland.

» 26th. Carnarvon, Cheshire.

a 27th. Devon and Suffolk (increase). Merioneth,
Clyde. |

2 28th. Staffordshire and Carnarvon (increase).

Cornwall and Hants (slight increase).
Lancashire, Cumberland.

B 29th. Carnaivon (increase). Hants (decrease).
Surrey, Cardigan, Northumberland.

a 30th. Hssex.

- 31st. Radnor.

April 2nd. Norfolk (increase). Gloucester, Shrop-

shire.

April

onde
3rd/4th.
4th.
Ath/dth.
5th.
5th/6th.
6th.
6th/7th.
8th.

8th/9th.
9th.
9th/10th.

10th.
Lith:

11th/12th.

12th.

12th/13th.

13th.
14th.
15th.
16th.

17th.

18th.
19th.
20th.
22nd.
23rd.
24th.

49

Sussex and Suffolk (increase). Middlesex.

Hants light.

Sussex and Staffordshire (deer Hse)

Pembroke light.

Hants Gaon. Northampton.

Hants and Pembroke lights.

Cornwall (passing, on the coast).

Lundy I. (North) light.

One flew on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ at
8 A.M. in lat. 50° 55’ N., long. 8° 25’ W.,
and another at noon in lat. 51° 2’ N.,
long. 8° 2’ W.

Hants light.

Sussex (increase).

Hants, Lundy I. (North) and Carnarvon
lights.

Devon (increase).

Glamorgan and Suffolk (increase). Hants
(decrease).

Hants, Lundy I. (North) and Carnarvon
lights.

Somerset (slight increase).
(usual numbers).

Hants and Kent lights.

Wilts, Berks, Lincoln.

Yorkshire (slight increase).

Dorset (slight increase). Bedford.

Staffordshire

Cheshire (passing). Hereford (usual
numbers).

Devon, Carnarvon and Isle of Man
(passing). Cornwall and Hereford
(nesting). Worcester.

Sussex (decrease).

Dorset (increase).

Montgomery.

Hants (increase).

Bedford (increase). Hants (decrease).

Sussex and Wilts (nesting). Argyll.

April. 25th.

a 26th.

28th.
28th/29th.

29th.

30th.

May Ist.

| stn:

2nd.
3rd.
drd/4th.
Ath/dth.
a 5th.
e 5th/6th.
7 6th.
¥ 7th.
3 8th.
ie 9th.
ws 10th.
i. Wise.
f 13th.
si 14th.
i. 15th.
5 16th.
Ea 19th.

June 7th/8th.

50

Brecon and Merioneth (increase).

Yorkshire (increase).

Middlesex (passing).

Hants light.

Kent (increase).

Kent (decrease).

Montgomery (increase). Glamorgan and
Shropshire (nesting).

Hants light.

Somerset and Yorkshire (increase).

Oxford.

Hants, Kent and Essex lights.

Hants and Isle of Man lights.

Carmarthen (slight increase).

Norfolk light.

Wilts (many passing). Derby.

Lincoln (increase).

Carmarthen (increase).

Staffordshire (nest with eggs).

Yorkshire (nest with eggs).

Cornwall (passing). Notts.

Devon (passing).

Northumberland (increase). Anglesey.

Bedford (increase). Carnarvon (passing).

Lancashire (increase). Shropshire (about
50 passing, mostly males).

Devon (increase).

Pembroke light.

THE WHINCHAT.
Pratincola rubetra (L.).

THe Whinchat apparently arrived almost entirely on the
eastern half of the south coast of Hngland, from Kent to
Dorset, whence it spread gradually to its usual haunts.

The earliest stragglers were noticed in Kent and Dorset
on the 26th and 29th of March. The first immigration,
however, which was a very small one, took place between
the 2nd and 4th of April in Hampshire, Kent and Suffolk.
With the exception of single individuals which reached
Devonshire on the 6th and Lancashire on the 10th, these
arrivals do not seem to have dispersed, but to have remained
in the coastal counties. Another very small band arrived on
‘the 11th of April, and stragglers appeared in N. Wales,
Leicester, Staffordshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire. The
commencement of the main arrival was first noticed in
Dorset and Kent on the 17th and 18th; at first it came
in slowly, and it was not until the 25th and 26th that the
records from Wales and Northampton showed a substantial
increase in the numbers. By the 1st of May the Whinchat
had become generally distributed ; but the immigration
continued throughout the week, and, the weather and moon
being favourable, specimens were procured at the Kent and
Hampshire lights. By the 7th of May the majority of the
birds had arrived, but on the 14th another small imnugratory
movement was noted in Hampshire, and was followed on the
15th by an increase in Wales, Lancashire, and Yorkshire.
In the eastern counties the species had already begun to
nest and a full clutch of eggs was recorded on the 16th from
Berkshire.

There may possibly have been a further immigration about -

| SHGLAND.

WHINCHAT.

thout initial are |||

: _ Dates wil

M. = May
in April

re
ea

the 23rd and 24th of May, as on those days an increase was
noted in Sussex and Yorkshire ; but the records were too
few to afford satisfactory proof on this point.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcORDs.

March 26th. Kent.
5 29th. Dorset.
April 2nd. Suffolk.
is 3rd. Hants.
x 6th. Devon.
ie 10th. Lancashire.
a 11th. Kent {slight increase). Worcester.
” 13th. Yorkshire.
my 14th. Carmarthen, Leicester, Denbigh.
m 15th. Bedford.

a 16th. Lancashire (increase). Cambridge.

Ai 17th. Dorset (increase). Berks, Surrey, Stafford-
shire.

si 18th. Kent (increase).

i 20th. Montgomery.

53 21st. Northampton.

Yi 22nd. Sussex.

* 24th. Middlesex.
“5 25th. Northampton (increase). Merioneth.
e 26th. Somerset.
af 29th. Cornwall, Warwick, Lincoln.
E 30th. Gloucester, Shropshire.
May stie Oxford, Radnor.
>» Jst/2nd. Hants light.
as ord. Wilts.
, ord/4th. Hants and Kent lights.
ie Ath. Shropshire (increase).

, 4th/5th &

? 5th/6th. } Kent light.

a 6th. Shropshire (increase). Cheshire.
a 7th. Warwick (increase). Cumberland.

e 8th. Herts.

54

Somerset, Merioneth, Shropshire and
Staffordshire (increase). Dorset (usual
numbers). Derby, Westmoreland.

Norfolk.

Notts.

Yorkshire (slight increase).

Bedford (increase). Hants and Middlesex
(slight increase). Northumberland.

Cornwall (slight increase). Carnarvon
(passing). Glamorgan.

Carmarthen, Northampton and Lancashire
(increase). Yorkshire (slight increase).
Berks (nest with eggs).

Berks (increase).

Shropshire (increase). Yorkshire (slight
increase).

Sussex (slight increase).

Derby (nest with eggs).

THE REDSTART.
Ruticilla pheenicurus (L.).

Tue arrival of the Redstart in this country took place along
the whole of the south coast, but in almost every case the
immigratory waves reached the south-eastern portion first and
were noticed in the west a day or two later. The first birds
were, however, recorded from one of the Isle of Man lights,
where several were seen on the night of the 29th/30th of
March, and on the following day one was noted in Devonshire.
These were, no doubt, merely the usual stragglers which herald
the migrations of almost every species. ‘The first important
movement was noted in Suffolk and Kent on the 11th and 12th
of April; by the 15th the first birds had reached Gloucester,
and a slight increase was recorded in Somerset. During the
two following days stragglers reached Cheshire, Cumberland
and Wales. A second wave commenced with the arrival of
male birds in Sussex on the 18th, and birds were also recorded
from Suffolk and Devonshire. There was a further increase
in Suffolk and Kent on the 21st and in Somerset on the 22nd,
while Redstarts were noted at the Hampshire lights on the
night of the 22nd/23rd. Meanwhile the species had spread
as far north as Westmoreland, and by the 25th was well-
distributed over the west from Gloucester to Cumberland.
The next immigration appeared in the south-east on the
30th of April and continued until the 5th of May, fresh
arrivals being reported between those dates in all the south-
eastern counties. Other records showed that the Redstart had
become pretty generally distributed throughout the country,
and though inland movements continued, no further arrivals

REDSTART.

LAND.

SEG

Dates without initial are ||.,
in April

57

appear to have been recorded after that date. By the 7th of
May building operations had commenced in Wales, and six
days later the first eggs were recorded from Somerset.

JHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 29th/30th. Isle of Man light.

April

bb)

dist.
3rd.
Ath.
8th.

11th.
12th.
13th.
14th.
15th.

16th.
17th.
18th.

19th.
20th.

21st.

22nd.
22nd/23rd.
23rd.
24th.
25th.
26th.
27th.
28th.
29th.

Devon.

Middlesex.

Suffolk.

HEMLS. “Dido,” lat. 50° 55’ N... long:
8° 25’ W. One flew on board at 8.0 a.m.

Suffolk (Ginerease). Yorkshire.

Kent.

Wilts.

Somerset, Berks, Surrey.

Somerset (slight inerease). Gloucester,
Herts.

Bedford, Essex.

Cumberland, Cheshire, Leicester.

Sussex (an arrival). Suffolk (nesting).
Northumberland, Montgomery, Devon.

Hants.

Merioneth, Cardigan, Radnor, North-
ampton, Shropshire.

Kent and Suffolk (slight increase). West-
moreland.

Somerset (slight increase). ‘Staffordshire.

Hants light.

Northampton (increase). Derby.

Shropshire (increase). Montgomery.

Cheshire (increase).

Nottingham.

Yorkshire (increase). Brecon.

Cumberland (increase).

Denbigh.

April

May

99

30th.

Ist.
1st/2nd.

2nd.

3rd.

3rd/4th.
Ath.

Ath/5th.
Sth.

6th.
7th.
Sth.
9th.

12th.
13th.

14th.
16th.

19th.
21st.

22nd.
Q3rd.

58

Snropshire (increase). Surrey (slight in-
crease). Lancashire, Warwick.

Brecon (increase). Glamorgan.

Hants light.

Sussex (increase). Carnarvon, Durham.

Northampton and Cheshire (increase).
Oxford, Lincoln.

Hants, Kent and Hssex lights.

Cambridge.

Hants and Isle of Man lights.

Bedford (increase). Radnor and Shrop-
shire (slight increase).

Cheshire (decrease).

Radnor (building).

Carmarthen.

Somerset, Suffolk, Durham and Cumber-
land (increase).

Derby (increase).
Oxford (slight increase). | Cumberland
(nesting). Somerset (nest with eggs).
Northumberland (increase). Oxford (de-
crease).

Northampton (increase). Norfolk (pass-
ing). Carnarvon (usual numbers).

Dorset.

Merioneth (increase). Yorkshire (nest
with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Derby (nest with eggs).

Ur
or)

THE NIGHTINGALE.
Daulias luscinia (L.).

Tuts species arrived mainly on the south and south-eastern
coasts from Hampshire eastwards.

The first arrivals were recorded in Essex and Northampton-
shire on the 5th of April, while stragglers were noted in
Hampshire, Sussex, Kent, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and
Suffolk between the 9thand 15th of that month. An increase
of numbers was noted in Northamptonshire on the 16th, and
in Sussex and Essex on the 18th. A decided immigratory
movement took place during the last two days of April and
the first two weeks in May, as was shown by the increased
numbers in various counties as well as by the reports from
the lighthouses. Several Nightingales were recorded at
St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of the
3rd/4th of May, and on the same night one was killed at the
South Foreland light: one was likewise kilied at the former
light on the night of the 4th/5th.

A great increase in Hertfordshire on the 20th of May
probably indicated a further influx, but by that time the
species was generally distributed and had settled down in its
haunts. A nest ready for eggs was found in Kent on the
17th of May ; while nests with eggs were recorded in Sussex
on the 16th, in Surrey on the 19th, and in Berks on the 22nd
of that month.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April Sth. Hssex, Northampton.
is 9th. Suffolk.

60

NIGHTINGALE.

osc

Dates without initial are |

NSLANB

2 NT

in April

M. = May

L ‘
— I
Wr Lede eogeaplera hornet

tthe
12th.
13th.
15th.
16th.

17th.
18th.
20th.
Qiist.

22nd.
20rd.
25th.

Pitne
29th.

30th.

Sts
2nd.

3rd.

3rd/4th.
Ath.

4th/Sth.
5th.
7th.
9th.
12th.
14th.

15th.
16th.

61

Sussex.

Hants.

Herts.

Kent, Bedford.

Northampton (increase). Worcester, Cam-
bridge, Norfolk.

Somerset, Surrey.

Sussex and Hssex (increase).

Shropshire.

Norfolk (slight increase). Dorset, Berks.

Surrey (increase).

Leicester.

Kent and Northampton (increase). Somer-
set (slight increase). Gloucester.

Wilts, Lincoln.

Isle of Wight (an arrival). Berks (slight
increase). Glamorgan.

Hants, Herts and Suffolk (increase).
Surrey and Cambridge (slight increase).
Oxford.

Essex (increase). Devon, Yorkshire.

Dorset (increase). Berks (usual numbers).
Nottingham.

Sussex and Northampton (increase).
Worcester (slight increase).

Hants and Kent lights.

Kent (usual numbers).

Hants light.

Bedford (slight increase). -

Hants (increase).

Devon, Somerset and Shropshire (increase).

Hants (slight increase).

Wilts (increase). Bedford (slight in-
crease).

Sussex and Suffolk (increase).

Northampton (increase). Yorkshire (slight
increase). Sussex (nest with eggs).

62

Gloucester (increase). Kent (nest ready
for eggs).

Shropshire (increase).

Essex (usual numbers). Surrey (nest with
egus).

Herts (great increase, nest with egos).

Dorset (increase, nest with eggs). Berks
(nest with eggs).

Herts (decrease).

63

THE WHITETHROAT.
Sylvia cinerea, Bechst.

Tus species appears to have entered the country along the
whole of the south coast: it arrived first in the west and
subsequently chiefly from Hampshire eastward.

The earliest arrival was recorded in Derbyshire on the
7th of April. From that date up to the middle of the month
stragglers were reported in a few counties ranging from
Devonshire to Denbigh. Subsequently the numbers gradually
increased, till by the end of April the species was fairly
distributed over the whole country and had reached Cumber-
land on the 22nd, and Northumberland on the 25th. The
species was not, however, recorded from the Clyde area until
the 7th of May.

Up to the 25th of April the only record from the lights
included a single Whitethroat killed at St. Catherine’s light,
Isle of Wight, on the night of the 11th/12th of April. The
first great wave of immigration took place between the 29th
of April and the 6th of May, and great numbers were seen
every night from the 1st to the 6th, at the Hampshire, Kent
and Hssex lights. The second marked influx of Whitethroats
occurred between the 17th and 20th of May, but the numbers
observed were much smaller. Of three lighthouse-reports
received, two were from St. Catherine’s on the nights of the
17th/18th and the 18th/19th, and the third from the Smalls
light (Pembroke), where several were seen on the night of
the 19th/20th. After that no migratory movement of any
consequence was recorded in May. On the night of the
2nd/3rd June a good many birds were seen at Bardsey light
(Carnarvon).

Whitethroats were nesting in Devonshire on the 22nd of
April, in Somerset on the Ist of May, andin Berkshire on

64

aH
=
S
fae
en)
=
fea
q
ke
an)
Ee

4
he y
te ;

;

+

a

M. = May |
Dates without initial are | jf)

65

the 6th. Nests with eggs were found in Sussex on the 7th,
and in Hampshire on the 14th.

April

99

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

ith.
10th.
Lith.

11th/12th.
12th.
14th.
15th.
16th.
17th.

18th.
19th.
20th.
Dust.

92nd.
23rd.
24th.

Zonas

26th.
27th.
28th.
29th.
30th.

Ist.

Derby.

Devon.

Northampton.

Hants light.

Dorset, Denbigh.

Hants, Sussex, Leicester.

Sussex (slight increase). Surrey.

Dorset (increase). Somerset.

Northampton (increase). Kent, Cam-
bridge, Nottingham.

Northampton (increase). Sussex (slight
increase). Dorset (decrease). Berks,
Essex, Suffolk.

Cambridge (increase). Yorkshire.

Herts, Oxford, Worcester.

Yorkshire (increase). Carmarthen.
Northampton (increase). Devon (nesting).
Glamorgan, Staffordshire, Cumberland.
Derby (slight increase). Gloucester,

Bedford.

Northampton (increase). Middlesex, Wilts.

Dorset, Berks, Somerset, Worcester and
Cumberland (increase). Brecon, Lanca-
shire, Northumberland. |

Northampton (decrease).

Dorset (increase). Shro;-shire.

Nottingham (usual numbers). Warwick,
Lincoln.

Hants, Isle of Wight and Glamorgan
(increase).

Essex, Shropshire and Yorkshire (increase).
Merioneth,

Somerset (increase, building).

>

Ist/2nd.

2nd.
3rd.

3rd/4th.

Ath.

4th/5th.

5th.

5th/6th.

6th.
7th.

8th.
9th.

10th.

11th.

iuhe

13th.

14th.

LS the
16th.

66
Hants light.

Berks and Glamorgan (increase).
Yorkshire (increase). Carnarvon, Cheshire.
Hants, Kent and Essex lights.

Wilts (increase). Cornwall, Radnor, Nor-
folk.

Hants and Kent lights.

Herts and Shropshire (increase).

Kent light.

Berks (nest nearly finished).

Bedford (increase). Leicester (slight in-
crease). Sussex (nest with eggs). Clyde.

Surrey and Derhy (increase).

Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Carmarthen,
Shropshire, Leicester, Lincoln and Cum-
berland (increase). Somerset (nest with
egus). Isle of Man, Westmoreland,
Durham.

Surrey, Herts, Staffordshire and Durham
(increase). Lincoln (nesting).

Norfolk (increase). Cornwall and Oxford
(slight increase).

Radnor and Warwick (increase). Wilts
(slhghtincrease). Deyvon(usual numbers).
Cardigan.

Kent and Shropshire (increase). Suffolk
(slight increase). Radnor (nesting).

Middlesex, Cambridge, Derby, Cheshire
and Northumberland (increase). Angle-
sey (a few). Cheshire (nest finished).
Hants (nest with eggs).

Carnarvon (great increase).

Hants, Sussex, Wilts, Northampton, Cam-
bridge, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Lincoln
and Lancashire (increase). Carnarvon
(further great increase). | Worcester
(usual numbers). Lancashire (nesting).
Surrey (nest with eggs).

Meier! id the

,, 17th/18th.

Le 18th.
Pesta Oth,
“3 19th.
», 19th/20th.
‘ 20th.
oh 22nd.
“ 23rd.
S. 24th.
ve 26th.
vA 27th.
i 28th.

+ 29th.
June 2nd/drd.

67

Middlesex, Warwick and Westmoreland
(increase). Gloucester and Denbigh
(slight increase). Norfolk (decrease).

Hants light.

Merioneth (increase). Kent (nest with one
egy).

Hants light.

Norfolk (increase).

Pembroke light.

Dorset (building).

Somerset (increase). Radnor (nest with
eggs).

Middlesex (increase). Derby (nest with
eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Kent (increase).

Lancashire (increase). Cumberland (nest
with eggs).

Warwick (nest with eggs).

Radnor (increase).

Carnarvon light.

68

LESSER WHITETHROAT.

(4
Ap. = Apri. ad
Dates. without initial ¢ are ‘|
| in Be

THE LESSER WHITETHROAT.
Sylvia curruca (L.).

Two individuals of this species were seen in Hertfordshire
on the 13th of April, and apparently a few arrived in Dorset,
Hampshire and Sussex on the 15th and 16th, while stragglers
were recorded from several counties during the rest of the
month. It was not, however, until the Ist of May that the
first marked immigration took place. By that time the species
was thinly distributed over the southern half of England as
far west as Gloucester and Somerset, and as far north as
Staffordshire, Derbyshire and Northamptonshire, while a few
had already reached Yorkshire and Northumberland. With
the advent of further arrivals along the whole of the south
coast during the first ten days of May a marked increase in
numbers was soon apparent, its effect being most noticeable
in Wales and the eastern counties of Hngland. By the
middle of the month the remaining area of distribution had
been filled up, and the migration had practically ceased, the
birds having settled down in their summer-quarters. Nests
ready for eggs were reported from Somerset and Radnor on
the 14th and 15th, and after the 19th nesting had become
general.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

pork | sth. Herts.
“i 15th. Hants.
- 16th. Dorset, Sussex.
uh 21st. Somerset, Gloucester, Staffordshire, Derby.
22nd. Northampton.
3 25th. Northampton (increase). | Northumber-
land.

99

May

bP)

>>)

99

27th.
28th.
29th.
30th.

Ist.

2nd.

piel,
drd/4th.

Ath.

5th.
6th.
7th.
Oth.

10th.
11th.

ihe
13th.
14th.
aya0e

16th.

17th.
18th.
19th.
20th.

21st.
22nd.

25th.

26th.

70

Middlesex, Oxford.

Shropshire. ;

Berks, Glamorgan, Warwick, Yorkshire.

Surrey. |

Surrey (slight increase). Devon, Kent,
Cambridge, Merioneth,

Somerset and Glamorgan (increase).

Lincoln.

Keni lights.

Sussex and Cambridge (increase). Suffolk,
Norfolk, Cheshire.

Herts (increase).

Shropshire (increase). Wilts.

Berks (slight increase). Bedford.

Dorset, Somerset and Staffordshire (in-
crease). Radnor, Leicester.

Devon and Cheshire (increase). Middlesex
and Herts (slight increase). Worcester.

Norfolk and Lincoln (increase). Sussex
(decrease).

Derby (increase).

Warwick and Merioneth (increase).

Somerset (nest ready for eggs).

Glamorgan (increase). Radnor (nest ready
for eggs). Cardigan.

Shropshire (increase). Carnarvon (pass-
ing). Carmarthen.

Gloucester (increase).

Berks (increase).

Surrey (nest with eggs).

Dorset (building). Warwick (nest with
eggs).

Suffolk (slight increase). Lancashire.

Norfolk (nest with eggs).

Sussex (slight increase). Somerset (nest
with eggs).

Sussex (decrease).

fA

THE BLACKCAP.
Sylvia atricapilla (L.).

THE Blackcap entered the country along the south coast,
but mainly from Hampshire eastward.

The earliest arrivals reported were one in Surrey on the
22nd of March, two in Kent on the 29th and one in Glamorgan
on the 31st, while a few stragglers were recorded during
the first week in April in Kent, Sussex and Worcester, but
no migratory movement of any magnitude took place until
the 11th. From that date until the end of the month there
appears to have been a steady though not very large influx
of birds, which were distributed over the country as far
north as Yorkshire. With the commencement of May the
numbers of migrants increased considerably. Many Blackeaps
were reported at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the
nights between the Ist and the 6th, and a good number were
reported at Dungeness light on the night of the 3rd/4th.
By the middle of the month the majority of this species had
arrived, though an increase in Sussex on the 25th, followed
by a decrease on the following day, may have indicated a
fresh immigration.

Westmoreland and Cumberland were reached on the 16th
of May, and an increase was reported from the former county
on the following day, while the usual number of breeding
birds had arrived by the 22nd. Blackcaps were nesting in
Devonshire on the 22nd of April, and nests with eggs were
found in Somerset and Sussex on the 9th of May.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 22nd. Surrey.
29th. Kent.
31st. Glamorgan.

be)

9

72

CAP.

K

BLAC

M. = May

Dates without initial are , bt
: ; FS

in April

73

Aprils “3rd- Sussex.
1 5th. Kent (increase).
, O6th/7th. Sugsex light.

a 7th. Worcester.

i 9th. Worcester (slight increase).

- 11th. Surrey (increase). Hants, Somerset, Essex,
Yorkshire.

», L1th/12th &

12th/13th. \ Hants light.
, 13th. Suffolk.
os 14th. Shropshire, Norfolk.
BS 15th. Sussex (increase). Bedford.

in 16th. Somerset (increase). Dorset, Devon.

5 17th. Hants (slight increase). Middlesex.

u, 18th. Somerset and Yorkshire (increase). Sussex
(decrease).

K 20th. Kent (slight increase). Wilts, Berks.

ss Allistis Bedford (slight increase). Denbigh.

», 21st/22nd. Hants light.

5 22nd. = Dorset (slight increase). Devon (nesting).
Oxford, Leicester.

‘5 23rd. Hants (increase). Cambridge.

S Zoth. Kent (increase).

3 26th. Suffolk (slight increase). Gloucester,
Cardigan.

Me Zits Herts.

¥ 28th. Lincoln, Cheshire.

fs 29th. Glamorgan (increase).

a 30th. Norfolk (slight increase).

May Ist. Shropshire (increase). Carmarthen, Staf-

fordshire.

, Ist/2nd. Hants light.

= 2nd. Hants, Berks, Shropshire and Norfolk
(increase).

“i 3rd. Sussex (increase). Oxford (slight in-
crease). Hants (decrease). Northampton.

» ord/4th. Hants and Kent lights.

bd Ath. Cornwall, Carnarvon, Derby.

FE

74
May 4th/5th. Hants light.

+ 6th. Nottingham.
me qtr Hssex (increase).
- 9th. Dorset, Glamorgan, Shropshire, Lincoln

and Cheshire (increase). Berks (usual
numbers). Sussex and Somerset (nests
with eggs).

5 10th. Herts (increase).
i In Devon (increase). Cornwall (passing).
és 12th. Herts (decrease).

i 13th. Northampton (increase).
35 14th. Bedford (increase).
33 15th. Herts (increase).

z 16th. Sussex, Northampton, Carnarvon and Lin-
coln (increase). Westmoreland, Cum-
berland.

x 17th. Westmoreland (increase). Sussex (de-
crease).

be 19th. Merioneth.

i 21st. Lancashire.

s 22nd. Westmoreland (usual numbers). Durham.

- 25th. Sussex (increase).

a 26th. Sussex (decrease). Montgomery.
- 28th. Wilts (increase).
uf 29th. Kent (nest with eggs).

THE GARDEN-WARBLER.
Sylvia hortensis, Bechst.

Lixe the Blackcap, this bird appears to have arrived along
the whole of the south coast, but mainly from Hampshire
eastward. The earliest record was in Gloucestershire on
the 13th of April, and from that date up to the end of the
month stragglers were reported from various counties south of
Cumberland, where a single bird was observed on the 22nd.
Further arrivals during the first week in May led to a more
general distribution of the species and an increase of the
numbers in one or two localities. A further influx between
the 9th and the 19th had a still more marked effect, and was
followed almost immediately by an extension of the species to
the north, a few being reported from Northumberland on the
18th. A slight increase in numbers was noted in Cumberland
on the 20th. By that date nesting had commenced in the
southern counties and became general during the following
week, nests with eggs being found in Dorsetshire on the 20th,
in Berkshire on the 21st, in Kent and Somersetshire on the
22nd, and in Derbyshire and Radnor on the 27th. At the
same time there was evidence that immigration had not
quite ceased, and it seems probable that further migramts
arrived in the south-east during the third week of May.
A nest with well-grown young was reported in Hampshire
on the 28th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April 13th. Gloucester.
ch. Somerset.
20th. Cheshire.
» BZ

76

GARDEN-WARBLER.

22nd.
23rd.
24th.
25th.
27th.
29th.
30th.
Ist.
2nd.
Ath.
4th/5th.
5th.
6th.
Sth.
9th.

11th.
15th.
16th.

17th.

17th/18th.
18th.

18th/19th.
20th.

Pilistie
22nd.

23rd.
26th.
27th.

28th.
29th.

17

Surrey, Cumberland.

Herts.

Hssex, Glamorgan, Cardigan, Cambridge.

Devon, Suffolk, Shrepshire, Norfolk, Derby.

Leicester.

Isle of Wight, Denbigh, Lincoln.

Sussex, Staffordshire.

Middlesex, Yorkshire.

Shropshire (increase).

Kent.

Hants light.

Berks, Worcester, Warwick.

Oxford.

Brecon.

Somerset and Shropshire (increase). Dorset,
Northampton.

Merioneth.

Wilts, Carmarthen.

Berks and Northampton (increase). Rad-
nor, Carnarvon.

Gloucester (increase).

Hants light.

Kent (increase). Hants, Northumberland.

Hants light.

Merioneth and Shropshire (increase).
Cumberland (slight increase). Dorset
(nest with eggs). Lancashire.

Berks (nest with eggs).

Middlesex and Herts (slight increase).
Kent and Somerset (nests with eggs).
Radnor (nesting).

Suffolk (slight increase).

Kent (increase).

Middlesex (slight increase). Radnor and
Derby (nests with eggs).

Hants (nest with young).

Suffolk (nest with one egg).

78

GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER.

WD.

SUSI

Ap. = April.

Dates without initial are

79

THE GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER.
Locustella nevia (Bodd.).

Ow1ne to its comparative scarcity and somewhat skulking
habits this species was noted by comparatively few observers,
and its arrival and dispersion are consequently somewhat
difficult to trace. An immigration must have occurred about
the 16th of April, as records of single individuals were re-
ceived from Northamptonshire and Shropshire on the 17th,
and from Yorkshire on the 1&th, while an increase in numbers
was observed in Northamptonshire on the latter date. The
arrival of the Grasshopper-Warbler on the south coast was
first recorded from the south-eastern counties of Kent and
Sussex on the 19th and 22nd respectively ; but although
that area seems to have been its chief point of entry, it
apparently arrived along the whole of the south coast. On
the 23rd it had reached Cheshire, and on the 28th it was
recorded from 8. Wales. On the Ist of May there was
evidently a well-marked immigration, which probably con-
tinued during most of that week, along the whole of the south
coast, as the species was again recorded at the Hampshire
lights on the nights of the 3rd/4th and 4th/5th. The records
are too meagre toadmit of any other movements being traced.
The first nest with eggs was observed in Devonshire on the

11th of May.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

Asana aEeftelae Northampton, Shropshire.

18th. Northampton (increase). Yorkshire.
19th. Kent.

22nd. Sussex.

23rd.
28th.
29th.
30th.
Ist.
Ist/2nd.
2nd.
3rd/4th.
Ath.
4th/dth.
7th.
10th.

11th.

14th.
16th.

19th.
Ist.

80

Cheshire.

Wilts, Suffolk, Glamorgan.

Berks.

Devon.

Cornwall, Carmarthen, Somerset, Surrey.

Hants light.

Glamorgan (increase).

Hants light.

Hants.

Hants light.

Oxford.

Yorkshire (slight increase). Leicester,
Lancashire.

Yorkshire (decrease). Devon (nest with
eggs). Merioneth, Norfolk.

Herts, Staffordshire.

Berks, Northampton and Carmarthen (in-
crease). Cambridge.

Carnarvon (nest ready for eggs).

Sussex (“several fresh arrivals’).

ol

THE CHIFFCHAFF.

Phylloscopus rufus (Bechst.).

Tuts species entered the country along the whole of the south
coast. ‘The first arrival was reported in Somerset on the 5th
of March, and two were killed at St. Catherine’s light, Isle
of Wight, on the night of the 6th/7th. Up to the end of the
month the records related to stragglers observed in most of
the counties as far north as Carnarvon, Denbigh, Cheshire,
Derbyshire, and Nottinghamshire, whilst a single bird had
reached Ayrshire. In Devonshire and Hampshire increased
numbers were reported on the 25th, 27th and 28th, and also
in Cornwall on the 30th, but the birds in the latter county
had passed on by the following day.

The first great arrival of immigrants commenced on the
3rd of April. Large numbers were seen at St. Catherine’s
on the night of the 3rd/4th, several were killed at Anvil
Point light (Dorset), and a good many were seen at Lundy
Island (North) light on the 6th/7th.

The next large wave of immigration occurred on the nights
of the 9th/10th, 10th/11th and 11th/12th ef April, when
large numbers were again seen at St. Catherine’s, while the
occurrence of a good many at Bardsey light on the last-
named date indicated the fOuE DEI passage sot some of these
migrants.

The number of Chiffchaffs throughout the Ce had
greatly increased by the middle of the month, but there was
nardiy any extension of their range northward. A single bird
was recorded in Yorkshire on the 2nd, and a slight increase
was noted there on the 15th; Lancashire was reached on the
16th, and two days later the usual number of birds were

Sa SSS SS

os

= March.

Mch.

Dates without initial are

BSNGLAN D.

$3

reported in Westmoreland, while the Clyde area began to be
populated on the 25th.

There was apparently a further small influx in the south-
west onthe 25th of April, and another along the whole of the
south coast during the first week in May, after which no
further immigratory movements were recorded.

Nests ready for eggs were found in Somersetshire on the
24th of April, and in Warwickshire on the 4th of May ; a
nest with eggs was noted in Surrey on the Ist, and one with
young birds in Dorsetshire on the 21st.

Chiffchaffs were again reported as having been seen all
through the winter in the south of Cornwall.

(‘HRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDs.

March oth. Somerset.
5 Oth/tth. ‘Hants light.
35 13th. Devon.
“ 19th. Berks, Leicester.
- 20th. Bucks.
hs 21st. Hants, Kent, Surrey, Shropshire.
“i 22nd. Carmarthen.
x 23rd. Dorset.
i 24th. Suffolk, Bedford.
a Zouk, Hants (slight imcrease). Sussex, Cam-
bridge, Cardigan, Derby, Cheshire.
ee 26th. Cornwall, Herts.
27th. Devon (slight increase). Wilts, Gloucester,
Worcester, Denbigh, Notts.

27th/28th. Pembroke light.

7 28th. Devon (increase). Pembroke, Bedford,
Warwick, Staffordshire, Carnarvon,
Ayrshire.

29th, Northampton, Norfolk.

30th. Cornwall (slight increase). Glamorgan.

dist. Cornwall (passed on).

29

9?

2nd.

3rd.

drd/4th.
Ath.
5th.

6th.
6th/7th.

7th.
7th/8th.

8th.

Sth/9th.
9th.
9th/LOth.

10th.
10th/11th.
11th.

11th/12th.
12th.
13th.
14th.
15th.

16th.

fia) ob

18th.

S4

Somerset (increase). Bedford (slight
increase). Middlesex, Oxford, York-
shire. :

Dorset, Somerset and Leicester (increase).
Surrey (slight increase). Radnor.

Hants light.

Devon and Sussex (increase).

Northampton and Shropshire (increase).
Kent (slight increase).

Shropshire (increase). Merioneth.

Lundy Island and Dorset lights.

Cornwall (increase). Lincoln.

Hants light.

Cornwall and Worcester (increase).
Montgomery.

Hants light.

Surrey and Glamorgan (increase).

Hants light.

Cornwall, Berks, Herts and Shropshire
(increase).

Hants light.

Kent, Suffolk and Northampton (increase).
Wilts (slight increase). Berks (de-
crease). Brecon, Montgomery.

Hants and Carnarvon lights.

Dorset (increase). Hssex.

Somerset and Montgomery (increase).

Sussex, Berks, Surrey and Leicester (in-
crease). Lincoln (slight increase).

Hants, Somerset and Bedford (increase).
Yorkshire (slight increase).

Middiesex, Herts, Worcester and Norfolk
(increase). Hereford (great numbers).
Essex (slight increase). Lancashire.

Dorset, Wilts, Berks and Leicester (in-
crease).

Kent, Berks, Surrey, Carmarthen, Staf-
fordshire, Norfolk, Cheshire and Lanea-

April 18th (con.).

19th.

20th.

nel.
23rd.
24th.

25th.

2nd.

3rd.
Ath.

4th/5th.
5th.
6th.
9th.

10th.
aLGhn.
12th.

85

shire (increase). | Northampton (de-
crease). Lincoln and Westmoreland
(usual numbers).

Dorset and Yorkshire (increase). Cam-
bridge (slight increase). Isle of Man.

Hants and Yorkshire (increase).

Glamorgan (increase). Montgomery and
Carnarvon (great increase).

Warwick (increase). Derby (slight in-
crease).

Middlesex (increase). Somerset (nest
nearly finished).

Devon, Glamorgan, Northampton, Worces-
ter and Warwick (increase). Cornwall
(slight increase). Lancashire (decrease).
Clyde.

Gloucester and Yorkshire (increase).

Surrey, Glamorgan and Yorkshire (in-
crease). Somerset (nest with egg).

Carmarthen (decrease).

Notts (increase).

Isle of Man (slight increase).

Devon (increase). Merioneth and Essex
(slight increase). Surrey (nest with one
egg).

Dorset, Berks, Shropshire and Yorkshire
(increase).

Sussex (increase).

Cornwall (slight increase). | Warwick
(nest).

Hants light.

Herts (increase).

Sussex (increase).

Carmarthen and Staffordshire (usual
numbers).

Herts (increase).

Durham.

Isle of Man (slight increase).

14th.
15th.

16th.
19th.
20th.

Paiste

86
Northumberland (a few).
Cardigan (increase). Isle of Man (slight
decrease).
Durham (increase).
Isle of Man (slight increase).
Radnor (nest ready for eggs).
Dorset (nest with young).

87

THE WILLOW-WARBLER.
Phylloscopus trochilus (.).

THE arrival of this species took place along the whole of the
south coast. It was first noted in Somersetshire on the 19th
of March, and from that date until the end of the month
stragglers were reported from various counties as far north
as Yorkshire, where a single bird was seen on the 3lst.
The first marked influx of Willow-Warblers took place on
the night of the 3rd/4th April, when large numbers were
reported at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight.

It was not, however, until after the arrival of the second
large wave of immigration, which occurred on the nights of
the 11th/12th and 12th/18th, that the number of birds in the
country showed any great increase. From those dates the
notes of inland observers point to a steady stream of birds
passing through the kingdom, reaching Durham on the
12th, Cumberland on the 14th, Westmoreland on the 17th,
Northumberland on the 18th, and Clyde on the 19th and
21st, while occasional reports from the lights and records
from the southern coastal counties showed that fresh arrivals
continued to make their appearance. The birds were so
generally distributed and so numerous after this second
influx that it was quite impossible to trace their movements in
detail.

During the first week in May there was a third great
immigration of birds into the country, immense numbers
being reported at St. Catherine’s, Dungeness and South
Foreland lights between the nights of the lst and 6th, while
on the night of the 8th/9th many were noted passing the
Kentish Knock light-vessel.

On the 17th/18th and the 18th/19th there was a fourth,

WILLOW-WARBLER.

eS
,
1 ———*
= ‘ o :

rs an

|
i
+

\

AND
WALBS

M. = May

Dates without initial are ||*

in April

a

5
FSS

89

but much smaller, influx of Willow-Warblers reported at
St. Catherine’s, but after that, with the exception of one or
two insignificant records, the migratory movement ceased.
A nest with eggs was found in Lancashire on the 25th of
April, and one in Somersetshire on the 29th. Willow-
Warblers were building in Devonshire on the 2nd of May,
in Kent on the 3rd, and in Lincolnshire on the 8th, while a
nest ready for eggs was recorded in Derbyshire on the 12th.

April

99

99

99

99

99

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDs,

19th.
21st.
22nd.
27th.
28th.
30th.
olist:
2nd.
adele
3rd/4th.
5th.
5th/6th.
6th.
6th/7th.
7th.
8th.
9th.
9th/10th.
10th.
10th/11th.
11th.

11th/12th.
12th.

12th/13th.

Somerset.

Surrey.

Leicester.

Carmarthen.

Shropshire.

Essex, Suffolk.

Yorkshire.

Dorset, Sussex.

Kent.

Hants light.

Cheshire.

Pembroke light.

Cornwall, Hants, Norfolk.

Dorset light.

Devon, Staffordshire.

Devon (slight increase, passing). Oxford.

Northampton.

Lundy Island and Hants lights.

Herts.

Hants light.

Northampton (increase). Wilts, Berks,
Gloucester.

Hants and Carnarvon lights.

Dorset, Kent and Surrey (increase).
Middlesex, Durham.

Hants light.

April

13th.

14th.

15th.

16th.

17th.

18th.

19th.

20th,

2st.

90

Shropshire (increase). Somerset (sliyht
increase). Isle of Man.

Dorset, Sussex, Somerset, Berks, Surrey,
Suffolk, Cheshire and Yorkshire (in-
crease). Wilts (slight increase). Gla-
morgan, Worcester, Notts, Derby, Lincoln,
Cumberland.

Kent, Berks, Surrey, Worcester and
Staffordshire (increase). Oxford (slight
increase). Somerset (decrease). Bed-
ford, Merioneth.

Sussex, Somerset, Surrey, Herts, Nor-
thampton, Staffordshire, Norfolk, Lincoln
and Yorkshire (increase). Middlesex
and Merioneth (slight increase). Kent
and Berks (decrease). Brecon, Here-
ford, Warwick, Lancashire.

Dorset, Kent, Glamorgan, Shropshire and
Leicester (increase). Hereford (slight
increase). Merioneth (decrease). Cam-
bridge, Montgomery, Carnarvon, West-
moreland.

Devon, Essex, Worcester, Shropskire,
Notts, Norfolk, Lincoln and Cumberland
(increase). Dorset, Glamorgan and
Suffolk (decrease). Radnor, Mont-
gomery, Northumberland.

Dorset, Hants, Kent, Norfolk, Yorkshire,
Westmoreland, Cumberland and Nor-
thumberland (increase), Carmarthen
(slight increase). Denbigh, Clyde.

Devon, Hants, Berks, Middlesex, Gla-
morgan, Shropshire, Leicester, Denbigh
and Yorkshire (increase).

Bedford, Cheshire, Yorkshire and Cumber-
land (inerease). Clyde (slight increase).
Hereford (usual numbers).

21st/22nd. Hants light.

April

99

99

22nd.

22nd/23rd.

23rd.

24th.

26th.
Stub:
28th.
29th.
30th.
Ist.

1st/2nd.
2nd.

3rd.
3rd/4th.
Ath.

4th/5th.
5th.

91

Wilts, Middlesex, Glamorgan, Montgomery,
Carnarvon and Lancashire (increase).
Isle of Wight (few).

Hants light.

Warwick (increase). Cheshire (usual
numbers).

Dorset and Somerset (increase). Clyde
(generally distributed).

Cornwall, Kent, Somerset, Carmarthen,
Glamergan, Oxford, Radnor, Northamp-
ton, Worcester, Merioneth, Lancashire,
Westmoreland and Northumberland (in-
crease). Cambridge (decrease). Surrey
(usual numbers). Lancashire (nest with
eggs).

Gloucester and Brecon (increase). Oxford
(decrease) .

Hants, Berks, Oxford, Leicester, York-
shire and Cumberland (increase).

Wilts (increase). Berks (decrease).

Devon, Staffordshire and Norfolk (in-
crease). Durham (slight increase)
Somerset (nest with eg).

Berks, Herts, Radnor, Warwick ana
Merioneth (increase).

Devon, Herts, Essex, Oxford, Staffordshire
and Lancashire (increase). Merioneth
(decrease, nest ready).

Hants light.

Berks, Merioneth and Deion (increase).
Radnor (decrease). Wilts (usual num-
bers). Devon (nesting).

Sussex (increase). Kent (nesting).

Hants and Kent lights.

Cornwall, Kent and Berks (increase).
Warwick (decrease).

Hants, Kent and Isle of Man lights.

Sussex (increase). Kent (decrease).

G2

5th/6th.
6th.
7th.
8th.

8th/9th.
9th.

9th/10th.

10th.
iho,
12th.
Laie on.
14th.
15th.
16th.

17th.

17th/18th.

18th.

18th/19th.

Zst.

22nd.
23rd.
24th.

26th.
29th/30th.

92
Kent lights.

Derby (increase). Hants (usual numbers).

Kent and Warwick (increase).

Kent (decrease). Lincoln (nest half built).

Hssex light.

Dorset, Suffolk, Merioneth and Cheshire
(increase). Carmarthen (usual num-
bers).

Lundy Island light.

Devon and Sussex (increase).

Radnor (increase). Sussex (decrease).

Yorkshire (increase). Derby (nest ready
for eggs).

Kent and Yorkshire (increase). Warwick
(nesting).

Anglesey (numerous). Yorkshire (de-
crease). Kent (two nests with eggs).
Cardigan (slight increase). Radnor (nests

with eggs).

Yorkshire (increase). Norfolk (about 50
passing).

Surrey (nesting).

Hants light.

Yorkshire (decrease).

Hants light.

Cheshire (nest ready for eggs).

Suffolk (nest with eggs).

Berks and Yorkshire (increase).

Yorkshire (decrease). Carnarvon (two
nests with eggs).

Cumberland Gas with eggs).

Severn Estuary light.

93

THE WOOD-WARBLER.
Phylloscopus sibilatrix (Bechst.).

THE records of this species are too incomplete to furnish
definite evidence as to its points of arrival, but it seems to
have appeared along most of the south coast. The earliest
arrival was reported in Berkshire on the 11th of April ;
stragglers were recorded in Hampshire, Somersetshire, Hert-
fordshire, Brecon, Herefordshire, Staffordshire and Leicester-
shire up to the 21st, many were noted from Westmoreland
on the 25th, and by the end of the month the species was
thinly distributed over the country.

In May the immigration of Wood-Warblers became more
marked, reaching its maximum during the second and third
weeks of the month, after which the birds seem to have
become widely distributed over the kingdom. There was
only one lighthouse record of a single bird killed at
St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of
18th/19th of May.

Nests with eggs were found in Merioneth on the 24th o
May, in Radnor on the 26th, and an unfinished nest in
Dorsetshire on the 31st.

lear)

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDs.

April 11th. Berks.

13th. Staffordshire.
14th. Leicester.
16th. Somerset.
17th. Hants, Herts.
20th, Brecon.

21st. Hereford.
22nd. _— Isle of Wight.
23rd. Devon, Kent.

24th.
25th.
26th.
27th.
28th.
29th.
Ist.
2nd.
3rd.
Ath.
5th.
6th.
7th.
8th.
9th.

1 ieley,

12th.
13th.
14th.
Voth
16th.

17th.

18th.
18th/19th.

19th.
21st.

22nd.
23rd.
24th.
26th.
olste

94

Devon (decrease).

Surrey, Derby, Yorkshire, Westmoreland.

Gloucester.

Sussex, Dorset.

Wilts.

Shropshire.

Shropshire (increase). Cheshire.

Shropshire (further increase).

Yorkshire (increase). Worcester, Lincoln.

Radnor, Carnarvon, Northumberland.

Bedford.

Hants (usual numbers).

Berks (slight increase).

Surrey (slight increase). Carmarthen.

Radnor and Lincoln (increase). Devon
(usual numbers). Glamorgan, North-
ampton.

Northumberland (slight increase). Norfolk,
Lancashire.

Suffolk, Cardigan, Merioneth.

Merioneth (decrease).

Radnor (increase). Warwick.

Anglesey.

Lincoln (slight increase). Radnor (de-
crease).

Yorkshire and Northumberland (increase).
Oxford, Cumberland.

Merioneth (slight increase).

Hants light.

Merioneth (increase).

Dorset and Radnor (increase).

Durham.

Lancashire (increase).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Radnor (nest with eggs).

Dorset (an unfinished nest).

ite)
On

THE REED-WARBLER.
Acrocephalus streperus (Vieill.).

Tur Reed-Warbler is one of those species whose movements
were difficult to trace ; if appears to have entered the country
along the whole of the south coast, but more especially along
the south-eastern portion. The first record was received from
Sussex on the 17th of April. Many were observed in Dorset-
shire on the 29th, and a few more on the 2nd of May, but they
had all passed on by the following day, as also had the few
recorded in Cornwall and Devonshire on the 1st and 11th of
May respectively. The only reported occurrence of the Reed-
Warbler in Hampshire was that of a single bird killed at
St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of the
18th/19th of May.

The majority of immigrants appear to have arrived during
the first three weeks in May. A nest with eggs was found
in Sussex on the 23rd of that month, while on the same date
a partially built nest was found in Somersetshire, likewise
one in Suffolk on the 25th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April 17th. Sussex.
27th. Leicester.
a4 29th. Dorset, Somerset.
oe 30th. Dorset (passed on). Kent, Surrey, Norfolk.
May Ist. Sussex (increase). Cornwall, Shropshire,
Cheshire.
2nd. Dorset (few). Cornwall (passed on),
Sussex (decrease). Wilts, Cambridge.

3rd.
Ath.
5th.
8th.
9th.
10th.
alah

12th.
13th.
15th.
16th.
17th.

18th/19th.
19th.
20th.
22nd.

ere

25th.

96

Kent (increase). Dorset (passed on).

Essex, Suffolk.

Bedford.

Herts, Staffordshire.

Dorset and Sussex (increase).

Glamorgan.

Norfolk and Cheshire (increase). Devon,
Lancashire.

Suffolk (increase). Devon (passed on).

Berks.

Sussex (increase).

Cambridge (slight increase).

Cambridge and Norfolk (decrease). Ox-
ford.

Hants light.

Berks (nest). Middlesex.

Cambridge (slight increase).

Lincoln.

Somerset (increase, nesting). Sussex (nest
with egg). Warwick.

Suffolk (nesting).

THE SEDGE-WARBLER.
Acrocephalus phragmitis (Bechst.).

THE records from the counties along the south coast were
somewhat scanty, so that it is difficult to make any very
definite statement as to the points of entry of this species, but
it apparently arrived along the whole of the southern coast-
line. The first arrival noted was in Kent on the 2nd of
April, after which there were no further records until the 16th,
when arrivals were reported in Hampshire, Somerset and
Herefordshire. The usual numbers of breeding-birds were
said to have arrived in the last-named county by the 21st, and
by the end of the month the species was scattered sparingly
over the country as far north as Yorkshire.

Between the Ist and the 6th of May there was a considerable
influx of Sedge-Warblers, and large numbers were observed
passing St. Catherine’s and Dungeness lights on several
nights. An extension northward took place towards the
middle of the month, stragglers arriving in the Clyde area
on the 10th and in Lancashire and Cumberland on the 11th,
while there was an increase in the number of birds in both
the latter counties on the 16th. Migratory movements
continued (though on a smaller scale) up to the end of the
month, and even later, as numbers of birds were seen passing
Bardsey light on the night of the 2nd/3rd of June.

A nest was found in Radnor on the 22nd of May, and nests
with eggs in Derbyshire on the 27th, in Suffolk on the 28th
and in Hertfordshire on the 29th.

93

SEDGE-WARBLER.

M. = May |
Dates without initial are |/|.,
in April © ;

99

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

2nd.
16th.
7th:
18th.
Palisit
22nd.
23rd.

24th.
25th.
26th.
28th.
29th.
30th.

1st.

1st/2nd.
2nd.

Bel
3rd/4th.
Ath,
Ath/5th.
5th.
6th.

8th.
9th.

10th.
lutein

12th.

Kent.

Hants, Somerset, Hereford.

Herts.

Essex.

Hereford (usual numbers). Dorset.

Sussex, Wilts.

Hssex (increase). Bedford, Suffolk,
Cheshire.

Norfolk.

Devon, Cambridge, Yorkshire.

Gloucester.

Shropshire.

Dorset (increase). Surrey.

Dorset and Wilts (increase). Berks,
Staffordshire.

Sussex (increase). Herts (slight increase).
Merioneth.

Hants light.

Dorset and Hants (increase). Sussex (de-
crease). Northampton, Warwick.

Kentand Cambridge (increase). Worcester.

Hants and Kent lights.

Glamorgan, Oxford.

Hants light.

Hants, Berks and Bedford (increase).

Dorset (increase). Cheshire (slight in-
crease).

Carnarvon.

Northampton, Suffolk, Shropshire and
Cheshire (increase).

Yorkshire (slight increase). Radnor,
Leicester.

Staffordshire (slight increase). Notts,
Lancashire, Cumberland.

Merioneth (slight increase). Notts (de-
crease). Derby.

9)

June

14th.
15th.

16th.

ivi

17th/18th.
18th.
22nd.

23rd.
25th.
26th.
27th.
28th.
29th.
2nd/drd.

100

Suffolk and Cheshire (increase).

Sussex, Glamorgan, Derby and Yorkshire
(ancrease). Cornwall.

Cambridge, Lancashire and Cumberland
(increase). Carnarvon (usual numbers).
Isle of Man.

Oxford, Warwick and Yorkshire (in-
crease).

Hants light.

Kent (increase).

Cornwall (increase). Radnor (nest ready
for eggs). Northumberland.

Shropshire and Cumberland (increase).

Nottingham (increase).

Nottingham (decrease).

Derby (nest with eggs).

Suffolk (nest with eggs).

Herts and Radnor (nests with eggs).

Carnarvon light.

101

THE WHITE WAGTAIL.
Motacilla alba, L.

Tue records of the White Wagtail were not very numerous
and were somewhat puzzling ; for up to the 24th of April the
majority were from the south-eastern and midland counties,
whereas after that date they were chiefly from the west.
The data were, however, much too scanty to enable any
deductions to be drawn from this somewhat curious dis-
tribution. The first birds noticed were in Brecon on the
10th and 11th of March, subsequently they were only noted
in Wales on the 18th of March and the 3rd of April until the
end of the latter month. Stragglers were recorded from
Sussex on the 14th, 22nd and 26th of March, from Surrey
on the 20th, and from Leicestershire, Middlesex, Somerset,
Cheshire and Lancashire during the first three weeks of April.
There may possibly have been a small immigration into
Sussex, Surrey and Lincolnshire between the 21st and the 23rd.
From the 28th of April onwards all the records come from
Wales and Cheshire, with the exception of one bird taken at
St. Catherine’s light on the 4th/5th of May, two seen in
Suffolk on the 12th of May, and single birds in Northampton-
shire on the 9th and 16th and in Yorkshire on the 22nd.
There appears to have been an increase between the 25th
of April and the 1st of May and again between the 14th and
15th of May in Wales and Cheshire, but no definite movements
could be traced.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.
March 10th. Brecon.

14th. Sussex.
18th. Brecon.

3°

99

102

March 20th. Surrey.
a 22nd. Sussex, Leicester.
0 25th. Brecon.
a 31st. Clyde.
April drd. Middlesex, Cardigan, Clyde.
33 10th. Somerset.
ve 11th. Cheshire.
rs 12th. Sussex.
es 14th. Lancashire.
i. 15th. Somerset.
fe 16th. Sussex.
2 21st. Surrey, Derby, Montgomery.
S 22nd. Sussex.
2 23rd. Lincoln.
5 29th/30th. Merioneth.
4 30th. Cheshire.
May 2nd. Dorset.
» 4th/5th. Hants light.
ce ¥th. Northampton.
e 12th. Suffolk.
ites 14th. Anglesey.
= 15th. Carnarvon.
16th, Northampton.
22nd. Yorkshire.

103

THE YELLOW WAGTAIL.

Motacilla rati (Bonap.).

BretweeEn the 26th of March and the 10th of April a few
individuals of this species were noted in some of the southern
and eastern counties, the only inland record being from
Leicestershire on the 1st of April. From the 10th to the
13th the occurrences, became more numerous and the first
marked immigration appears to have commenced on the
latter date. By the 16th the species had reached N. Wales,
Staffordshire, Derby, Lancashire, Cheshire and Yorkshire,
and it seems probable that during the following days further
(but unrecorded) arrivals must have taken place on the
western half of the south coast. These arrivals, together
with another small immigration on the east on the 25th of
April, led to an increase in numbers in parts of the area
already occupied and to an extension of range in the west
and north, a party of males being noted in the Clyde area
on the 21st.

The next immigration commenced on the 28th in Kent,
and birds continued to arrive on the south and south-east
coasts during the following week, spreading out to the north
and north-west in a similar manner to the previous arrivals.
By the 16th of May all had apparently settled down in their
breeding-haunts. The first nest with eggs was recorded from
Sussex on the 15th, but full clutches were apparently not
general till towards the end of the month.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.
March 26th. Dorset.
x 27th. Cambridge.
April Ist. Leicester.

104

YELLOW WAGTAIL.

\

:

BNELAND.!

|
\

|

\

in April

M. = May

Dates without initial are

April

99

2nd.

8th.
10th.
etches
12th.
13th.
14th.
15th.
16th.
Weer
18th.
19th.
21st.
23rd.
24th.
25th.

26th.
28th.
29th.

_ 30th.

Ist.

Ist/2nd.

2nd.

ard/4th.

Ath.
5th.
6th.
7th.
sth.
Oth.

11th.

14th.
15th.

16h.

105

Hssex.

Somerset, Wilts.

Devon, Kent, Shropshire.

Somerset (increase).

Somerset (increase).

Kent (increase). Cheshire.

Suffolk, Denbigh, Lancashire, Yorkshire.

Surrey, Glamorgan, Northampton.

Sussex, Worcester, Staffordshire.

Herts, Montgomery, Derby.

Cheshire (increase). Hants, Bedford.

Montgomery (slight inerease). Clyde.

Clyde Ginerease). Brecon, Nottingham.

Montgomery (decrease). Dorset, Berks.

Nortolk.

Surrey (increase). Glamorgan (slight
increase). Westmoreland.

Lancashire (increase).

Kent (increase).

Lincoln.

Kent (usual numbers). Radnor.

Montgomery (increase). Middlesex.

Hants light.

Dorset (increase). Cambridge.

Hants light.

Essex (slight increase).

Bedford (increase).

Cheshire (increase).

Warwick.

Derby (increase).

Brecon and Yorkshire (iner ay Merio-
neth.

Oxford.

Anglesey, Northumberland.

Sussex and Glamorgan (increase). Car-
narvon (passing). Sussex (nest with
eggs).

Cambridge (inerease).

17th.

20th.
Darde
26th.

106

Cambridge (decrease). Northumberland
(nest with eggs).

Lincoln (nesting).

Shropshire (increase).

Radnor (young hatched). Derby (nest
with eggs).

107

THE TREE-PIPIT.
Anthus trivialis (1L.).

THE first immigration of this species took place on the Kent
and Sussex coasts between the 11th and 13th of April. This
was followed by further arrivals on the 15th and 16th, and
by the 17th some individuals had reached Worcestershire,
Staffordshire, Lincoln and Northamptonshire. Between the
18th and 21st Tree-Pipits were steadily arriving in the south-
east and slowly extending their range throughout the country ;
the first records from Wales and Derbyshire being on the 20th
and 21st, from Cumberland on the 25th, from Westmoreland
on the 28th, and from the Clyde area on the Ist of May.
A fresh arrival was noted in Sussex on the 27th, and on the
same day an increase in numbers was noted in Leicester-
shire, Shropshire and Cheshire. Further arrivals reached
Kent and Hampshire on the 4th and 5th of May, and these
evidently contributed to the marked increase recorded in
the west and north during the following five or six days.
On the 10th/11th some were taken at the Kentish Knock
light-vessel, and an increase was noted in Lincolnshire, York-
shire and Northumberland during the three following days.
Between the 15th and 19th a further increase was noted in
several of the western counties, which possibly points to an
unrecorded immigration having reached our shores about the
first-named day. The earliest nesting record was of a pair
building in Radnor on the 15th, and after the 20th nesting
became general.

‘HRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.
oral ey Vuh: Cheshire.
ie 10th. Oxford.
ie itil Kent, Northampton.

108

TREE-PIPIT.

ARD
WAL 8.

Kuglis

SNOLAN D.

M. = May

Dates without initial are

3°

| ——
}

fi. io eS oa

April

29

29

12th.
12th/13th,

14th.

15th.

16th.

ithe
18th.
20th.
Pals

22nd.
23rd.
24th.
25th.
26th.

2(th.

28th.
29th.
30th.

2nd.

3rd.
3rd/4th.

Ath.
Ath/5th.

9th.

10th.

109
Berks.

Sussex light.

Sussex, Surrey, Essex, Shropshire.

Kent and Shropshire (increase). Somerset,
Middlesex.

Surrey and Northampton (increase). Wor-
cester, Suffolk, Staffordshire, Lincoln.

Herts, Cambridge, Leicester.

Sussex (increase). Devon, Gloucester.

Somerset(slightincrease). Dorset, Radnor.

Merioneth, Montgomery, Derby.

Wilts, Glamorgan, Norfolk.

Bedford.

Warwick.

Cheshire (slight increase). Cumberland.

Northampton (decrease). Hants, Notting-
ham.

Shropshire, Leicester and Cheshire (in-
crease). Sussex (slight increase). Car-
narvon, Westmoreland.

Staffordshire and Cumberland (increase).

Sussex (decrease).

Radnor and Merioneth (increase). Cardi-
gan, Yorkshire.

Surrey, Warwick, Montgomery and York-
shire (increase). Merioneth (decrease).
Carmarthen, Lancashire, Clyde.

Glamorgan and Cheshire (increase). Berks
(usual numbers). Durham.

Northampton (increase).

Kent light.

Cumberland (increase).

Hants light.

Carmarthen and Derby (large increase).
Cheshire (usual numbers).

Merioneth, Staffordshire, Leicester and
Westmoreland (increase). Durham
(large increase).

110

May 10th/11th. Essex light.

etc?

12th.
14th.

15th.

16th.

19th.

20th.

PALS

22nd.

26th.
Tt
29th.

Merioneth (increase). Lincoln and York-
shire (slight increase).

Merioneth (decrease).

Northumberland (increase). Bedford
(slight increase).

Westmoreland (large increase). Radnor
(nesting).

Surrey, Shropshire, Carnarvon and Lanca-
shire (increase).

Merioneth (increase).

Warwick (nest with eggs).

Lincoln (increase). Radnor (nest with
egos). |

Herts (slight increase). Kent (decrease).
Somerset (nest with eggs).

Derby (nest with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Kent (nest ready for eggs).

Tete

THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE.
Lanius collurio, L.

THIS species appears to have arrived principally on the
south-east coast extending as far west as Hampshire.

It was first reported from Suffolk on the 29th and from
Shropshire on the 30th of April. An examination of the
Chronological Summary shows that it is little more than a
record of the earliest arrivals and does not indicate the
passage of the birds into, and through, the country. There
were no records of the occurrence of the Red-backed Shrike
at any of the lights.

Nests with eggs were found in Somerset on the 25th of
May, in Sussex and Wiltshire on the 28th, and in Glamorgan
on the 29th. Nests were also reported in Radnor on the
27th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDs.

April 29th. Suffolk.
30th. Shropshire.
May 6th. Hants.
7th, Northampton.
9th. Berks (usual numbers).
11th. Sussex.
th Somerset.
Bile Kent, Wilts, Worcester.
14th. Kent (slight increase).
15th. Kent (decrease).
16th. Surrey, Herts.
17th. Devon, Gloucester, Oxford, Leicester.

28th.
29th.

112

Herts (slight increase). Dorset, Middlesex,
Radnor, Warwick, Norfolk.

Glamorgan, Lincoln.

Middlesex (slight increase).

Wilts (increase).

Merioneth.

Radnor (increase). Somerset (nest with
eves).

Radnor (nests).

Sussex and Wilts (nests with eggs).

Glamorgan (nest with eggs).

113

THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER.
Muscicapa grisola, L.

TuIs species was remarkable on account of the lateness of its
arrival in 1910, and it seems doubtful if the majority of the
birds had reached their nesting-quarters before our spring
observations had been brought to an end. Up to the end
of the first week of May only a few solitary and widely
scattered individuals had been reported to the south of latitude
53° N., but between the 9th and 22nd the records received
from all parts of the country showed that the Spotted Fly-
catcher was becoming rather more generally distributed. The
movements were difficult to trace, but there appear to have
been small immigrations, chiefly in the west, about the
9th, 16th, 19th and 25th of May, that on the 19th being
the largest and having the most marked effect on the
bird’s distribution. Our systematic records ceased at the
end of May, but there was evidently a large immigration,
possibly containing the bulk of our breeding-birds, which
was noted in Devonshire, Kent, Wales and Staftordshire
between the 28th of May and the 5th of June. With the
exception of a nest ready for eggs in Sussex on the 29th of
May no records of its nesting were received. ~

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

Jgorenlk Mayan Shropshire,
Wanee Sussex.
25th. Suffolk.
27th. Cheshire,
29th. Hssex.

99

Ist.
3rd.
Tiras
sth.
Oia

10th.
11th.
15th.
16th.

17th.

18th.
18th/19th.
19th.
20th.
21st.
22nd.

23rd.

owls

Tienne 2nd/3rd.

39

9

le
5th.

114

Dorset.

Northampton.

Leicester.

Isle of Wight, Somerset.

Northampton and Shropshire (increase).

Leicester (increase).

Northumberland.

Oxford.

Shropshire and Northumberland (increase).
Cambridge, Isle of Man.

Berks, Middlesex, Worcester, Warwick,
Cumberland.

Carnarvon, Lincoln, Westmoreland.

Hants light.

Wilts, Staffordshire, Norfolk.

Surrey, Radnor, Merioneth, Durham.

Carmarthen, Gloucester.

Cambridge (increase). Herts.

Shropshire (usual numbers). Nottingham,
Lancashire.

Sussex and Merioneth (slight increase).
Devon, Yorkshire.

Kent (local breeding-birds arrived).

Sussex (nest ready for eggs). Derby.

Carnarvon light.

Staffordshire (local breeding-birds arrived).

Carmarthen light.

THE PIED FLYCATCHER.
Muscicapa atricapilla, L.

THE notes on this species, which were very few, do not
indicate any definite movements. The earliest records were
from Brecon on the 11th of April, Sussex on the 17th, the
Isle of Wight on the 22nd, Shropshire and Staffordshire on
the 26th and 27th, and Westmoreland on the following day.
On the night of May the Ist/2nd it occurred at St. Catherine’s
light, Isle of Wight, and on the 6th an increase was noted in
Westmoreland.

The only records from the eastern counties were of single
birds observed in Sussex on the 17th and 29th of April and
the 18th of May, in Norfolk on the 15th of May, in Lincoln
on the 20th, and of two in Yorkshire on the 21st; there
would thus appear to have been a small migration along the
east coast between those dates. All the other records were
from the west, and the first eggs were noted in Merioneth
on the 25th of May.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April ith. Brecon.
17th. Sussex.
22nd. Isle of Wight.

a 26th. Shropshire.

. 2h ole Staffordshire.

Es 28th. Westmoreland.

- Zour Sussex, Denbigh.
May Ist. Cheshire (passing).

Ist/2nd. Hants light.

29

Ath.
6th.
7th.
9th.
11th.
13th.
14th.
Ways ck
18th.
20th.

21st.

22nd.
otis
29th.

116
Derby.

Westmoreland (increase).

Montgomery.

Radnor.

Cumberland.

Cardigan.

Radnor (increase).

Norfolk.

Sussex, Merioneth.

Lincoln (passing).

Merioneth (increase). Radnor (nesting).
Yorkshire.

Merioneth (further increase).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Radnor (nest with eggs).

DG)

THE SWALLOW.
Hirundo rustica (L.).

SWALLOWS arrived along the whole of the south coast. A
single bird was observed in Sussex on the 27th of March,
while a few were reported in Devonshire, Hampshire, Somer-
setshire, Wiltshire, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Yorkshire
between the 1st and the 10th of April.

There was a very large wave of immigration between the
11th and 14th, and the first arrival of the Swallow was noted
in thirty-five out of the forty-eight counties that sent in
reports. By the 1éth the species was numerously distributed
all over the country, having reached Northumberland on the
12th and Cumberland on the 13th.

From the 18th of April to the 16th of May daily observa-
tions of passing Swallows were received from the Nab light-
vessel, Hampshire, the records varying from a few birds seen
between the hours of 6 a.m. and 3 P.M. to numbers observed
all day on the 30th April, and between the 14th and 16th
of May. After the first great rush mentioned above it was
difficult to trace with any certainty the passage of the
succeeding waves of immigrants, as by the end of April
the whole country was thickly populated with Swallows.

On the night of the 29th another large migratory move-
ment was observed in Devonshire, and there was likewise a
great increase in Suffolk. Arrivals continued all through
the month of May, as was shown by the records from the
various lights as well as by the notes of land observers.
Many were seen passing in Cornwall on the 4th, a few on
the south coast of Sussex on the 9th, and many at the same
place on the 16th, on which date there was a marked increase
in the number of Swallows in Northumberland. On the

118

SWALLOW.

BH A ELAR a
WALE 3.

Rngliah Milae

Alldatesarein April. |
The first two migrations ||.)

only are shown.

inal)

3rd and 6th of June birds were seen at one of the Severn
Hstuary lights passing north all day singly or in pairs.

Swallows were nesting in Hampshire on the 18th of April,
in Devonshire on the 22nd, in Staffordshire on the Ist of
May, and in Cumberland on the 9th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE Recorps.

March 27th. Sussex.
mpril 2nd. Devon, Somerset.
7 3rd. Clyde.

i Ath. Herts.
4 6th. Norfolk.
a 7th. Hants.

ip 10th. Isle of Wight (few). Wilts, Yorkshire.

i 11th. Severn Hstuary light. Devon (increase).
Dorset, Kent, Berks, Pembroke, Gla-
morgan, Gloucester, Oxford, North-
ampton, Suffolk, Shropshire, Stafford-
shire, Leicester, Cheshire.

D> 12th. Kssex light. Devon, Dorset, Kent and
Somerset (increase). Cornwall, Surrey,
Essex, Brecon, Worcester, Warwick,
Lincoln, Northumberland.

a 13th. Carmarthen light. Devon, Hants, Kent
and Hssex (increase). Yorkshire (slight
increase). Radnor, Cambridge, Cardigan,
Montgomery, Carnarvon, Isle of Man,
Cumberland.

1Ath. Pembroke light. Sussex, Surrey, Shrop-
shire, Cheshire and Isle of Man (increase)
Montgomery and Clyde (slight increase).
Devon (decrease). Middlesex, Carmar-
then, Merioneth, Denbigh, Derby, Not-
tingham, Lancashire.

. 15th. Cornwall, Staffordshire, Leicester, Lincoln
and Lancashire (increase). Somerset,
Suffolk, Berks and Cumberland (slight

April 15th (con.).

2)

3”

-})

35

55

39

39

35

16th.

th.

18th.

19th.

20th.

Dist:

22nd,

23rd.

24th.

25th.

120

increase). Merioneth (decrease). Bed-
ford, Westmoreland.

Devon, Kent, Surrey, Middlesex, North-
ampton and Cumberland (increase).
Herts (slight increase). Hereford.

Dorset, Sussex, Wilts, Surrey, Gloucester,
Oxford, Herts, Warwick and Carnarvon
(increase). Hssex and Nottingham
(slight increase). Montgomery.

Hants light. Dorset, Kent, Somerset,
Glamorgan, Essex, Radnor, Shropshire,
Norfolk, Denbigh and Cumberland (in-
crease). Wilts, Oxford and Nottingham
(decrease). Hants (nesting).

Hants light. Isle of Wight, Dorset, Wilts,
Oxford, Montgomery and Westmoreland
(increase). Glamorgan and Warwick
(decrease),

Hants and Carmarthen lights. Sussex,
Leicester, Yorkshire and Cumberland
(increase). Merioneth (slight increase).

Hants and Carmarthen lights. Glamorgan
and Yorkshire (increase). Clyde (num-
bers).

Hants light. Somerset, Wilts and Lanca-
shire (increase). Oxford and Radnor
(decrease). Devon (nesting).

Hants and Lundy Island lights. Hants,
Somerset, Berks, Glamorgan, Bedford,
Warwick, Shropshire, Staffordshire,
Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase).

Hants light. Hants, Norfolk and Cum-
berland (increase). Cornwall (decrease).

Hants light. Somerset, Wilts, Oxford,
Carmarthen, Brecon, Merioneth, Norfolk,
Denbigh and Laneashire (increase).
Gloucester and Northumberland (slight
increase). Yorkshire (decrease).

26th.
27th.

28th.

29th.

30th.

Ist.

2nd.

3rd.

4th.

5th.

6th.

7th.

8th.

121

Hants light. Lincoln (increase).

Hants light. Cambridge and Yorkshire
(increase). Denbigh (decrease).

Hants light. Hants, Kent, Radnor and
Suffolk (increase). Berks, Essex and
Lincoln (decrease).

Hants and Carmarthen lights. Cornwall,
Berks, Essex, Notts and Lincoln (in-
crease). Devon (a large migratory,
movement at night). Suffolk (great in-
crease). Kent and Herts (decrease).

Hants light. Berks, Carmarthen, Herts,
Merioneth, Warwick and Yorkshire (in-
crease). Cardigan (slight increase).
Kent (usual numbers).

Oxford, Herts, Cambridge, Warwick,
Staffordshire and Westmoreland (in-
crease). Hants (slight increase).
Berks and Merioneth (decrease). Suf-
folk (slight decrease). Staffordshire
(nesting).

Hants light. Dorset, Cambridge and
Westmoreland (increase). Hants and
Warwick (decrease). Durham.

Hants and Kent lights. Warwick (in-
crease). Gloucester (decrease).

Hants light. Berks, Essex and Norfolk
(increase). Cornwall (many passing).
Warwick (decrease).

Hants light. Hants (increase).

Hants light. Suffolk, Derby and Durham
(increase).

Hants light. Berks and Warwick (in-
crease). Argyll.

Hants light. Warwick and Cheshire (in-
crease). Suffolk (decrease). Somerset
(nesting).

May

99

99

”

9th.

10th.

11th.

12th.

13th.

14th.

15th.
16th.

17tb.

18th.

19th.

20th.

alist

22nd.

22nd/23rd.

23rd.

24th.

122

Hants light. Somerset and Hants (in-
crease). Sussex (a few passing).
Warwick and Notts (decrease). Staf-
fordshire (usual numbers). Cumberland
(nesting).

Hants — light. Cambridge (increase).

Somorses (nest with eggs). Warwick
(nesting).

Hants light. Cornwall (decrease).

Hants light. Warwick, Lancashire and
Yorkshire (increase). Cambridge (de-
crease). Lincoln (nest with eges

Devon, Suffolk, Cardigan and Younis
(inerease). Lancashire (decrease).

Hants light. Herts, Oxford, Radnor and
Northumberland (increase). Cheshire
and Yorkshire (decrease). Anglesey.

Hants light. Westmoreland (increase).

Hants light. Surrey, Cambridge, Cheshire
and Lancashire (increase). Northum-
berland (great increase). Carnarvon
(settled). Sussex (many passing).

Gloucester and Surrey (increase). Cam-
bridge and Cheshire (decrease).

Severn Estuary light. Warwick and Isle
of Man (increase). Surrey (decrease).
Severn Hstuary light. Hants and Cheshire

(increase). Kee (nesting).

Carmarthen light. Cornwall and Cheshire
(decrease). Shropshire (nest with ege

Carmarthen light. Radnor (nesting).

Cornwall, Cheshire and Yorkshire (in-
crease). Isle of Man (decrease).

Carmarthen light.

Hants, Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase).
Shropshire (usual numbers).

Isle of Man (increase). Yorkshire (de-

crease).

123

May 25th. Yorkshire (increase).
26th. Severn Hstuary light.

5 29th. Carmarthen light. Surrey (increase).
Yorkshire (decrease).
‘3 d1st. Devon (increase).

June 3rd, 6th,

Lis Gea } Severn Estuary light.

ly

124

HOUSH-MARTIN,

M. = May

All other dates are in Apri

THE HOUSEHE-MARTIN.
Chelidon urbica (1..).

TuIs species arrived along the whole of the south coast. The
earliest records included three birds seen in Hampshire on
the 28th of March, and two in Shropshire on the 30th.
House-Murtins had reached Cheshire and Durham on the 9th
of April; a slight increase was noted in the latter county on
the 10th, and a large increase on the 11th, on which day the
first bird appeared in the Clyde area.

An increase in Devonshire on the 13th of April, and
arrivals in Cornwall, Dorsetshire and Hampshire on the
same day, followed by a further increase in Devonshire on
the two following days, indicated that the immigratory
stream had now fairly set in. On the 18th about 300 birds
were observed passing in Suffolk, and a large flock, also on
passage, was reported from Kent on the 19th. On the 29th
another large migratory movement was recorded in Deyon-
shire, and by that date the species had become widely dis-
tributed, but fresh arrivals continued to pour into the
country throughout May. A great increase was recorded in
Glamorgan on the 13th, and in Northumberland on the
1tth, while, on the latter date, observers in Carnarvon noted
numbers passing throughout the day. By the middle of the
month the birds had begun to settle down in their haunts,
and no very marked movements took place after the 21st.
The full complement of nesting-birds had not, however,
arrived in the south-eastern counties until the last week of
the month.

House-Martins were building in Surrey and Suffolk on
the 16th of May, in Somersetshire and Middlesex on the
18th, and in Lincolnshire and Lancashire on the 19th.

126

The only lighthouse records included several birds seen
at one of the Pembrokeshire lights on 19th/20th of May,
and several passing north at one of the Severn Estuary
lights on the 29th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 28th. Hants.
i 30th. Shropshire.
April 2nd. Devon.
EF Ath. Wilts.
a 5th. Suffolk.
- 9th. Cheshire, Durham.
e 10th. Durham (slight increase). Herts.
i 11th. Durham (large increase).
12th. Sussex.

‘ 13th. Devon and Hants (increase). Cornwall,
Dorset, Somerset, Surrey, Staffordshire,
Yorkshire.

5s 14th. Devon (increase). Hssex, Leicester.

R 15th. Devon (further increase). Bedford.

Ss 16th. Kent, Berks, Worcester, Carnarvon.

rr 17th. Essex (increase). Cornwall (slight in-

crease). Devon (decrease).

“7 18th. Hants and Hssex (increase). Suffolk
(about 300 passing). Cambridge, Nor-
folk, Cumberland.

i 19th. Kent (large flock passing). Hants (de-
crease). Denbigh, Westmoreland, Isle

of Man.
* 20th. Northumberland.
is 21st. Bedford and Yorkshire (increase). Cum-

berland (slight increase). Hants (de-
crease). Derby.

3 22nd. Glamorgan, Gloucester, Hereford.

. 28rd. Dorset, Staffordshire, Leicestershire and
Yorkshire (increase). Devon (slight
increase). Merioneth, Montgomery.

April

24th.

Zoi.

27th.

28th.

127

Hants (increase). Yorkshire (decrease).
Middlesex.

Northumberland (increase). Somerset,
Surrey and Cheshire (slight increase).
Suffolk and Merioneth (decrease). Isle
of Wight (few). Carmarthen, North-
ampton, Lancashire.

Leicester (increase).

Wilts, Shropshire and Cumberland (in-
crease). Glamorgan (slight increase).
Hants and Essex (decrease).

Cornwall (increase). Devon (large
migratory movement). Wilts and
Lancashire (decrease). Warwick, Notts.

Wilts, Berks and Surrey (increase).

Glamorgan (increase). Wilts and Berks
(decrease).

Dorset, Derby and Westmoreland (in-
crease). Cheshire (slight increase).
Lincoln.

Yorks (increase). Herts (slight increase).

Surrey and Norfolk (increase).

Hants (increase). Oxford.

Herts and Cumberland (increase). Nor-
folk and Yorkshire (decrease).

Hants (increase). Cumberland (decrease).

Yorkshire and Cumberland (increase).
Hants (decrease).

Dorset, Suffolk, Shropshire and West-
moreland (increase). Essex (slight in-
crease). Yorkshire (decrease).

Worcester (increase). Cardigan.

Worcester (decrease).

Glamorgan (increase).

Suffolk (Gnerease). Warwick (slight in-
crease). Glamorgan (great increase).
Kent, Herts, Shropshire and Northumber-

land (increase). Anglesey.

May

15th.

16th.

iene
18th.

19th.
19th/20th.
20th.
21st.
22nd.

23rd.

24th.
25th.
26th.
28th.
29th.

30th.

128

Carnarvon and Denbigh (increase). Cam-
bridge (slight increase).

Hants, Kent, Berks, Wilts, Northampton,
Shropshire, Denbigh and Cumberland
(increase). Northumberland (large in-
flux). Carnarvon (passing all day).
Sussex (slight increase). Surrey and
Suffolk (building).

Sussex and Yorkshire (increase).

Hssex and Yorkshire (increase). Isle of
Man (slight increase). Somerset and
Middlesex (nesting).

Warwick, Merioneth and Lineoln (in-
crease). Lincoln and Lancashire
(nesting).

Pembroke light.

Middlesex, Warwick and Merioneth (in-
crease).

Wilts and Lincoln (increase). Cheshire
(slight increase).

Somerset (increase).

Hants (increase). Kent and Cheshire
slight increase). Shropshire and Cum-
berland (usual numbers).

Middlesex (increase).

Kent (increase).

Middlesex (decrease).

Kent (increase).

Severn Estuary light. Wilts and Middle-
sex (increase).

Herts (nest ready for eggs).

129

THE SAND-MARTIN.
Cotile riparia (L.).

Tuts species entered the country along the whole of the south
coast, but mainly between Cornwall and Hampshire. Its
arrival was first reported in Somerset on the 21st of March.
Stragelers occurred in Devonshire, Carmarthen, Glamorgan,
Pembroke, Shropshire and Lancashire during the following
ten days, but no very marked increase in numbers took
place until about the middle of April, though on the 14th
a small party was recorded from the Clyde area. On the
13th and 14th Sand-Martins were reported to be passing
along the north coast of Devonshire in a continuous stream.
A great increase was noted in Cheshire on the latter date,
followed by largely increased numbers in Westmoreland on
the 19th. The species was by this time widely distributed
_all over the kingdom, but fresh arrivals continued to pass
through the country up to the end of the month.

A great influx into Glamorgan on the 11th and 12th of
May indicated a further large arrival in the west. These
birds apparently passed rapidly northwards, as there was
an increase on the 14th in Northumberland, and large
numbers of newly arrived birds were noticed in that county
two days later. The subsequent immigratory movements
were ona much smaller scale, but birds on passage continued
to arrive up to the end of the month. There were no records
relating to this species from any of the lights.

Sand-Martins were nesting in Warwickshire on the Ist of
May, and in Yorkshire on the 10th, while a nest with eggs
was found in Radnor on the 28th.

130

= March.

Mch.

M. = 2

SAND-MARTIN.

April 2nd.
ord.
Ath.
6th.
8th.
9th.

10th.

ole

99

bp)

bP)

131

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.
March 21st.

Donde:
24th.
25th.
28th.
30th.

31st.

12th.

13th.

13th & 14th.

14th,

15th.
16th.
17th.

18th.

19th.

Somerset.

Devon.

Carmarthen.

Shropshire.

Pembroke.

Glamorgan.

Lancashire.

Kent.

Northampton, Cheshire.

Shropshire (decrease).

Radnor.

Shropshire (increase).

Cheshire (increase). Hants.

Hants and Cheshire (increase). Herts.

Devon and Northampton (increase). Isle
of Man.

Dorset, Surrey, Norfolk, Montgomery,
Northumberland.

Hants and Montgomery (increase). Dorset
(decrease). Sussex, Carnarvon, York-
shire.

Devon (passing along the north coast in a
continuous stream).

Northampton (increase). Cheshire (great
increase). Cornwall, Suffolk, Stafford-
shire, Anglesey, Cumberland, Clyde.

Gloucester, Bedford.

Dorset, Cheshire and Cumberland (in-
crease). Middlesex, Merioneth.

Herts and Carnarvon (increase). Warwick,
Montgomery, Leicester, Notts.

Radnor, Shropshire and Cumberland (in-
crease). Dorset and Northampton (de-
crease). Essex, Cambridge, Worcester.

Westmoreland (great increase).

20th.

21st.

22nd.

23rd.

24th.

25th.

5th.
6th.

132

Dorset, Gloucester and Cumberland (in-
crease). Glamorgan (slight increase).
Glamorgan and Yorkshire (increase).

Cumberland (decrease). Denbigh.

Glamorgan and Lancashire (increase).
Radnor (decrease). Wilts, Berks.

Staffordshire, Shropshire and Yorkshire
(increase). Essex and Cheshire (de-
crease).

Hanis, Surrey, Carmarthen, Shropshire,
Norfolk and Cheshire (increase). York-
shire (decrease).

Devon, Somerset, Northampton, Norfolk,
Cumberland and Northumberland (in-
crease). Carnarvon and Lancashire
(decrease). Cheshire (usual numbers).

Notts (increase).

Devon, Cambridge and Leicester (increase).
Notts (decrease).

Dorset, Wilts and Suffolk (increase).
Devon and Cambridge (decrease). Ox-
ford, Derby.

Devon, Berks and Notts (increase).

Hants, Berks, Surrey, Suffolk, Carnarvon
and Notts (increase). Merioneth (shght
increase). Devon and Wilts (decrease).

Cornwall, Herts, Cambridge and Yorkshire
(increase). Hants and Notts (decrease).
Warwick (nesting). ’

Hants, Surrey, Cambridge and Derby
(increase).

Devon, Herts, Northampton, Notts and
Yorkshire (increase). Cambridge (de-
crease). Gloucester (usual numbers).

Essex, Radnor and Yorkshire (increase).
Devon and Notts (decrease).

Devon, Hants and Bedford (increase).

Devon, Oxford and Derby (increase).

133

Surrey, Leicester and Notts (increase).
Radnor (decrease).

Notts (decrease).

Carmarthen and Staffordshire (usual num-
bers). Durham.

Radnor (increase). Yorkshire (nesting).

Oxford (increase). Glamorgan (great
influx). Radnor (decrease).

Suffolk and Durham (increase). Glamor-
gan (great influx). Lancashire (slight
increase).

Jornwall, Herts, Bedford and Northumber-
land (increase).

Radnor (increase). Cardigan.

Cambridge and Shropshire (increase).
Northumberland (great increase). Rad-
nor (decrease). Worcester (usual num-
bers).

Oxford and Norfolk (increase).

Oxford (decrease).

Cambridge (decrease).

Oxford, Radnor, Warwick and Durham
(increase).

Radnor and Notts (increase).

Warwick (decrease).

Lancashire (increase).

Radnor (decrease).

Somerset and Herts (increase). Radnor
(nest with eggs).

Radnor and Warwick (increase).

134

SWIFT.

o

= Apri. _

= June

Ab
Dates without initial are

“Ap.

ENGLAND
anv WALES

weg

Eel)

ft |

2

Sel
|

THE SWIFT.
Cypselus apus (L.).

THe Swift arrived along the whole of the south coast. The
first record of the species came from Devonshire on the 23rd
of April, and during the remainder of the month stragglers
were reported from various counties as far north as West-
moreland, where a single bird was observed on the 26th.
Towards the end of the first week in May greater numbers
began to arrive, and the increase continued until about the
third week in that month. The migratory movement then
became less marked until the 1st of June, when a final large
immigration was noted in Devonshire. Apparently these
birds passed northwards immediately, as a decrease was
recorded on the following day.

A flock of about a hundred was observed in Somersetshire
on the 23rd of June, but there was no information to show
whether they were on passage, and, if so, in what direction
they were flying.

There were only two records of this species from the lights,
viz.: from the Nab light-vessel (Hampshire), where several
were seen flying from south to north at noon on the 9th of
May ; and from the Smalls light (Pembroke), where several
were noted on the night of the 19th/20th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

evo Zord: Devon.

24th. Surrey.

3 25th. Cornwall, Dorset, Hants, Shropshire,
Cheshire.

Ns 26th. Brecon, Montgomery, Yorkshire, West-
moreland.

2th.
28th.

29th.
30th.
Ist.
3rd.
6th.

7th.
8th.

9th.

10th.

11th.

Wiley,

13th.

14th.

15th:

16th.

136

Northampton.

Montgomery (slight increase), Sussex,
Wilts.

Essex, Glamorgan.

Lincoln.

Montgomery (increase). Somerset, Staf-
fordshire, Cumberland.

Dorset (increase).

Berks.

Herts.

Devon, Sussex, Somerset and Wilts (in-
crease). Surrey, Berks and Shropshire
(slight increase). Gloucester, Oxford,
Bucks, Worcester.

Hants light. Dorset, Somerset and Shrop-
shire (increase). Sussex (decrease).
Middlesex, Carmarthen, Radnor, Norfolk,
Leicester, Isle of Man.

Devon, Hants, Wilts, Glamorgan and
Cheshire (increase). Kent, Cambridge,
Cardigan, Warwick, Merioneth, Car-
narvon, Derby, Lancashire.

Glamorgan (increase). Suffolk, Notting-
ham.

Radnor, Merioneth, Shropshire and Staf-
fordshire (increase). Devon (decrease).
Denbigh.

Berks, Worcester and Merioneth (increase).

Devon, Sussex, Kent, Herts, Radnor,
Shropshire and Leicester (increase).
Carmarthen (slight increase). Merioneth
(decrease). Bedford.

Cornwall, Sussex, Surrey, Oxford, Brecon,
Carnarvon and Cheshire (increase),
Gloucester and Cardigan (slight in-
crease). Northumberland.

Sussex, Cambridge, Northampton, Car-
narvon, Lancashire and Cumberland

May 16th (con.).

))

39

29

ZY)

39

17th.

18th.
ul:

19th/20th.
20th.

list.
23rd.

24th.
Zone
26th.
27th.
28th.
29th.
31st.

Uist

2nd.
23rd:

Meare

(increase). Gloucester (great increase).
Shropshire (usual numbers).

Suffolk, Staffordshire, Leicester, Yorkshire
and Northumberland (increase). Norfolk
(slight increase).

Sussex, Kent, Hssex, Suffolk and Warwick
(inerease). Oxford (decrease).

Hants, Merioneth and Staffordshire (in-
crease).

Pembroke light.

Cornwall, Devon, Surrey and Oxford (in-
crease). Middlesex (slight increase).
Durham.

Wilts, Herts, Norfolk, Yorkshire and
Durham (increase).

Somerset, Warwick, Notts and Cumber-
land (inerease).

Surrey (increase).

Sussex (increase).

Middlesex and Merioneth (increase).

Kent (inerease). Middlesex (decrease).

Merioneth (increase).

Merioneth (decrease).

Devon (increase).

Devon (great increase). Sussex (three
flying in from the sea).

Devon (decrease).

Somerset (a flock of about 100).

THE NIGHTJAR.
Caprimulqus europeus (L.).

Owine to the scanty nature of the records it is difficult to
trace the immigratory movements of this species. It appears,
however, to have arrived along the whole of the south coast,
but to have travelled, as a rule, singly, the greater portion
entering the country unobserved. The earliest record of the
Nightjar was from Yorkshire on the 19th of April; this
was followed by notices of single birds seen in Montgomery
on the 22nd, and in Hampshire and Sussex on the 27th.
There were reports of stragglers observed in various
counties during the first half of May as far north as
Carnarvon, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Leicestershire and
Norfolk, while Lancashire was reached on the 21st, and
Cumberland on the 23rd.

The only lighthouse report came from the Bardsey light,
where three were seen on the night of 2nd/3rd of June.

No notes reluting to the nesting of this bird were received.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April 19th. Yorkshire.

* 22nd. Montgomery.
me Dintla. Hants, Sussex.
May ord. Northampton.
= 8th. Northampton (slight increase). Stafford-
shire.

9th. Devon, Dorset.
11th. Norfolk.
s 12th. Radnor.

June

{Ath.
dine
16th.

17th.
18th.
20th.
Diliste

22nd.
onde
25th.
28th.
29th.

2nd/drd.

Somerset, Leicester.

Kent.

Northampton (increase). Surrey, Shrop-
shire,

Cornwall, Suffolk.

Kssex, Carnarvon.

Glamorgan.

Leicester (slight increase). Anglesey,
Lancashire.

Isle of Wight, Herts, Merioneth.

Shropshire (slight increase). Cumberland.

Carmarthen.

Suffolk (slight increase). Wilts.

Radnor (slight increase).

Carnarvon light.

140

WRYNECK.

aDpWALES [|

English Miles
10 30 4030

Dy 2 oO OP es.

Mch. = March.

M. = May
Dates without initial are
in Apnil

~ LONGMANS GEOGRAPHICAL STUDIES. —

141

THE WRYNECK.
Tynx torquilla, L.

On the 14th and 25th of March single birds were recorded
from Hampshire and Surrey respectively, and on the 26th a
third was seen in Cornwall. This last record, received from
a very careful observer, is worthy of note, since the species
is very rare in spring on the south-west coast and the bird
seen may possibly have wintered there ; another bird, un-
doubtedly on passage, was taken at Lundy Island, South
light, on the night of May 9th/10th. Between the 28th of
March and the ard of April a few birds arrived on the
south-east coast between Suffolk and Hampshire, and the
same counties were visited by afurther immigration between
the 8th and 10th, these later arrivals spreading as far as
Dorsetshire, Somersetshire, Gloucestershire and Northamp-
tonshire. A third immigration was in progress on the 14th
and 15th, and, on the first-named date, a bird was observed
in Shropshire, the most northerly point recorded in 1910.
The immigrations of the Wryneck occurred almost invariably
in the south-eastern counties, but a small party appears to
have arrived in Somerset on the 27th of April; the birds
may have passed along the south-east coast without stopping,
but there is no evidence to show whence they came. The last
immigration, which was important enough to be noticeable
over a large area, landed on the south-east coast between the
ard and the 6th of May.

Nesting operations had commenced in Berkshire on the
5th, and in Sussex and Suffolk on the loth of May.

142

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 14th.

- 2oth.
i 26th.
ee 28th.
April 2nd.
a 3rd.
s Ath.
- 5th.
a Pishau)Kehilon,
_ 8th.
As 9th.
oui Oth
a 10th.
os 11th.
N 12th.
re 13th.
th 14th.
A 15th.
a 18th.
S 19th.
3 20th.
21st.
£ 23rd.
es 24th.
e 25th.
i 27th.
ie 30th.

May 2nd.
>) ord/+th:

my 5th.

Sa Suny Oth.

> 12th.

“ otis

a 20th.
21st.

Hants.

Surrey.

Cornwall.

Sussex.

Somerset.

Hants.

Suffolk.

Northampton.

Hants light.

Kent, Surrey.

Dorset.

Hants light.

Essex.

Herts.

Gloucester.

Norfolk.

Hgsex (increase). Berks, Shropshire.
Sussex (slight increase).
Leicester.

Cambridge.

Shropshire (increase).
Somerset (slight increase).
Middlesex, Worcester.
Wilts.

Berks (increase).
Somerset (inerease).
Hants (slight increase).
Berks (usual numbers).
Hants and Essex lights.
Berks (nesting). Bedford.
Lundy Island (South) light.
Sussex (nesting).

Suffolk (nesting).

Oxford.

Hants (slhg@ht inerease).

143

THE CUCKOO.
Cuculus canorus, L.

Tae Cuckoo arrived along the whole of the south coast ; it
was first reported in Devonshire on the 24th of March, and
in Yorkshire on the 26th.

By the 25th of April the species was thinly distributed
over the whole country as far north as Lancashire, and by
the 17th a single bird had reached the Clyde. The only
marked increase was recorded from Suffolk on the 11th,
when Cuckoos were said to be plentiful, which seemed to
indicate that an immigratory movement had taken place on
the south-east coast. On the 27th of April a great influx
was reported in Somersetshire, the result, no doubt, of fresh
arrivals in the west, and on the same date some had reached
Westmoreland, while others arrived in Cumberland on the
PAS) ae

By the middle of May the number of Cuckoos in the
country had greatly increased, having been largely augmented
in Brecon on the 9th, while the usual numbers were observed
in Berkshire on the 2nd, in Cheshire on the 9th, and in
Somersetshire and Staffordshire on the 15th.

Migratory movements on a small scale continued up to
the end of the month, and six individuals were seen at
Bardsey light (Carnarvon) on the night of the 2nd/3rd
of June. The only other records from the lighthouses were
of one seen at Lundy Island (South light) on the Sth of
May, and one killed at the Hast Goodwin light-vessel on the
night of the 29th/30th of May.

An egg was found in Lancashire on the 9th of May, but
the name of the host was not stated. Hgys were found in a

1i4

KOO.

CUC

2

Ky

Enalish Miles
al Miles
Jo

«D> oo

2

anp WALES

SS
fo

, M. = May

All other dates are in April.

ee 8 ee
i

~ LONGMANS GEOGRAPHICAL STUDIES. __

145

Robin’s nest in Kent and in a Pied Wagtail’s nest in Radnor
on the 15th, and in a Sky-Lark’s nest in Lincolnshire on the
17th. Five eges were found in Radnor on the 2th, three
being in nests of the Pied Wagtail and two in nests of the

Robin.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 24th.
5 26th.
April Ist.
% 3rd.
s Ath.
a 9th.
ILLDa.

Dalisty

Wyo
aiilae
14th.
15th.
16th.
IW
18th.
19th.
20th.

22nd,

26th.
Oita

Devon.

Yorkshire.

Hants.

Northampton.

Suffolk.

Cornwall.

Suffolk (increase). Pembroke, Northamp-
ton, Staffordshire.

Sussex, Kent, Surrey.

Cheshire.

Essex.

Somerset, Wilts.

Berks, Brecon, Cambridge.

Herts, Worcester, Clyde.

Gloucester, Leicester.

Dorset.

Kent (increase). Oxford, Radnor.

Hereford.

Northampton (slight increase). Glamor-
gan, Middlesex.

Devon and Hants (slight increase). War-
wick, Merioneth, Shropshire, Denbigh.

Hereford (increase).

Somerset, Berks, Surrey and Northampton
(increase). Dorset (slight inerease).
Jarmarthen, Bedford, Montgomery,
Derby, Lancashire.

Gloucester (slight increase). Notts.

Somerset (great influx). Montgomery
(increase). Staffordshire and Leicester

April 27th (con.).

by)

May

39

99

99

28th.
23th.

30th.

liste

2nd.

10th.

12th.
14th.
15th.

146

(sight increase). Cardigan. West-
moreland.

Worcester (increase). Norfolk, Lincoln.

Glamorgan (increase). Hants (slight
increase). Cumberland.

Wilts, Herts, Worcester and Yorkshire
(increase). Lincoln and _ Lancashire
(slhghtinerease). Glamorgan (decrease).

farmarvon.

Hants, Sussex, Middlesex and Essex (in-
crease). | Cheshire (slight increase).
Isle of Man.

Dorset, Brecon, Carnarvon and Norfolk
(increase). Cumberland (slight in-
crease). Hants (decrease). Berks
(usual numbers).

Gloucester and Northampton (increase).
Lincoln (slight increase). Northumber-
land.

Lundy Island (South) light. Bedford
(increase). Hants (slight increase).
Wilts (decrease).

Leicester (slight increase). Argyll.

Surrey and Merioneth (increase). Derby
(shght increase).

Somerset, Carmarthen, Glamorgan, Radnor,
Suffolk, Merioneth and Shropshire (in-
crease). Brecon (great increase). Che-
shire (settled). Lancashire (egg found).

Herts (increase). Cornwall and Cumber-
land (slight increase).

Devon (increase).

Northumberland (increase). Anglesey.

Cardigan and Carnarvon (increase). Cum-
berland (slight increase). Somerset
and Staffordshire (usual numbers).
Kent (egg in Robin’s nest). Radnor
(egg in Pied Wagtail’s nest).

99

99

16th.

17th.

18th.
19th.
20th.
21st.

22nd.
25th.
26th.
29th.

29th/30th.

30th.

June 2nd/3rd.

147

Sussex, Surrey, Shropshire, Nottingham,
Lincoln, Laneashire, Yorkshire and Cum-
berland (increase). Cornwall, Wilts
and Merioneth (slight increase).

Lancashire (slight decrease). Lincoln
(egg in Sky-Lark’s nest).

Oxford (increase).

Hants and Westmoreland (increase).

Durham (few).

Radnor (increase).

Cornwall and Hants (increase).

Lancashire (increase). Radnor (decrease).

Kent and Shropshire (increase).

Radnor (increase, five eggs found).

Kent light.

Devon (increase).

Carnarvon light.

148

TURTLE-DOVE.

“aa

ENGLAND

oO

‘eee

and WALES

Ap. = April.

All other dates are in May.

149

THE TURTLE-DOVE.
Turtur communis, Selby.

A souitary bird of this species was noted in Dorsetshire on
the 31st of March, an unusually early date. A few stragglers
reached Surrey and Hampshire between the 18th and 23rd
of April and a few were noted in the south-eastern counties
on the 27th and 28th.

A small migration reached the south-east coast between
the 30th of April and the 4th of May, but most of the birds
appear to have remained in the counties bordering those in
which they landed, only a few travelling as far north and
west as Cheshire, Worcestershire and Northamptonshire.
Other small immigrations reached the coasts of Sussex, Kent
and Hampshire on the 11th, 14th, 15th and 17th, and it was
these which seem principally to have supplied the breeding
stock of the midland and western counties. Further
immigrations reached the south-eastern counties on the
18th and 25th and the coast of Dorset on the 22nd, and the
birds appear to have settled mainly in the eastern and
western counties respectively. Some of the earlier arrivals
were reported to be nesting in Berkshire on the 14th of
May. A nest ready for eggs was found in Hampshire on
the 28th, and nests containing eggs were seen in Radnor on
the fellowing day.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 31st. Dorset.

Aprl — isth: Surrey.
- 23rd. Hants.
uy 24th. Herts.

April

May

>

>i)

oe)

27th.

28th.
Ist.

2nd.

5th.

6th.

9th.

11th.

the

14th.

15th.

16th.

17th.

18th.
20th.

Dist.

22nd.
23rd.
25th.
27th.
28th.
29th.

150

Berks.

Sussex, Cambridge, Norfolk.

Sussex and Surrey (slight increase).
Cheshire.

Sussex (decrease).

Essex.

Berks (increase). Somerset.

Isle of Wight (an arrival). Cheshire
(increase). Suffolk. | Northampton,
Worcester.

Sussex and Worcester (slight increase).
Wilts, Radnor.

Berks (usual numbers). Glamorgan,
Staffordshire, Yorkshire.

Herts (increase). Berks (nesting). Kent,
Bedford, Gloucester, Leicester, Shrop-
shire.

Hants (inerease). Cardigan, Montgomery,
Warwick, Derby.

Worcester (increase). Suffolk (slight
increase). Devon.

Isle of Wight (increase). Gloucester and
Warwick (slight increase).

Sussex, Kent and Hssex (increase).

Herts and Radnor (increase). Middlesex.

Staffordshire (slight increase). Dorset,
Lincoln, Denbigh.

Dorset (increase).

Shropshire (increase).

Sussex, Suffolk and Radnor (increase).

Sussex (decrease).

Hants (nest ready). Carnarvon.

Radnor (increase, two nests with eggs).

THE LAND-RAIL.
Crex pratensis, Bechst.

Tue earliest arrival of this species was recorded from
Leicestershire on the 14th of April, but the first immigration,
a small one enly, did not reach our shores until the 18th, when
it was noted in north Devonshire and Hampshire. A single
bird was heard in Cornwall on the 26tb, and during the
following week Land-Rails were apparently arriving in
small numbers and spreading rapidly northwards ; they were
generally distributed in the west during the first ten days of
May, reaching Westmoreland and Northumberland on the
Ath and 5th and the Isle of Man on the 9th.

The increased numbers noted from time to time in various
counties of the west of England and in Wales up to the 26th
of May seemed to indicate a continuance of this intermittent
migration in the west, bat the actual point of arrival and the
routes followed can hardly be determined from the scanty
data furnished by the records. A nest with eggs was found
in Radnor on May the 29th.

It should be noted that the Land-Rail was practically
unrecorded from the south-eastern counties.

On April the 27th at 7 p.m. a very tired J.and-Rail flew
on board H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ then off the N.E. coast of Scotland,
in lat. 58° 40! N., long. 1° 10’ W., but, being frightened,
departed almost immediately. arly the following morning
another (for it seems improbable from the relative positions
of the two ships that it could have been the same bird) was
found in the stokehold of H.M.S. ‘ Venerable,’ then 40 miles
S.H. of Wick (Caithness). This bird was liberated at
4 p.m. in Scapa Flow (Orkney) and flew ashore.

39

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

14th.
18th.

19th.
20th.

sila
Ath.
Silt
6th.
7th.
Sth.
9th.

10th.
11th.
eaday
13th.
14th.

15th.
16th.

17th.
18th.

Leicester.

N. Devon light, Hants, Carmarthen, Shrop-
shire, Cumberland.

Dorset.

Wilts, Pembroke.

Cheshire.

Clyde.

Northumberland.

Cornwall, Yorkshire.

Carnarvon.

Lancashire.

Carnarvon (increase).

Leicester (increase). Sussex, Middlesex,
Worcester, Staffordshire.

Shropshire (increase). Berks.

Somerset, Westmoreland.

Northumberland (slight increase).

Norfolk.

Montgomery.

Notts.

Worcester (slight increase). Durham, Isle
of Man.

Montgomery (slight increase). Devon.

Cumberland (slight increase).

Durham (increase). Merioneth, Denbigh.

Glamorgan, Montgomery. ;

Northumberland (slight increase). Derby,
Anglesey.

Carnarvon (increase). Staffordshire (slight
increase). Gloucester, Cardigan.

Cumberland (increase). Radnor.

Warwick.

Lancashire (increase). Oxford.

20th.
22nd.

23rd.
26th.
29th.

153

Oxford and Radnor (slight increase).

Glamorgan and Yorkshire (slight increase).
Herts.

Shropshire (increase).

Shropshire (further increase).

Radnor (nest with eggs).

154

THE COMMON SANDPIPER.

Totanus hypoleucus (.).

THIS species appears to have arrived along the whole of the
south coast. A single bird was recorded in Cheshire on the
25th of March, possibly one that had wintered in the country.

About the end of the first week in April Sandpipers began
to arrive, their numbers increasing during the latter half of
the month, by which time they had spread over the whole
country. Westmoreland was reached on the 11th, Cumber-
land on the 12th, the Clyde area on the 14th, and Northum-
berland on the 16th.

A second, but smaller, entry appears to have taken place
during the second and third weeks in May.

Nests with eggs were found in Lancashire on the 12th of
May, in Radnor on the 15th, in Cumberland on the 23rd,
and in Merioneth on the 27th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 25th. Cheshire.
April 5th. Staffordshire.
4 7th. Kent.
x 9th. Dorset, Shropshire, Leicester.
a iLike Carmarthen, Westmoreland.
12th. Kent (increase). Devon, Cumberland.
rf 13th. Wilts, Radnor, Montgomery, Yorkshire.
Ms 14th. Montgomery (increase). Surrey, Clyde.
i 15th. Isle of Man.
4 16th. Cornwall, Essex, Merioneth, Northum-
berland.
a 17th. Montgomery (decrease). Herts.
a 18th. Somerset.
aS 19th. Cambridge.
i 20th. Cumberland (slight increase). Brecon.

21st.

22nd.
23rd.

24th.

25th.

26th.

27th.

28th.

29th.

30th.

Ist.

2nd.

9

10th.
12th.
14th.
15th.

16th.
23rd.

27th.

ord.
5th.
8th.
9th.

155

Dorset (slight increase). Oxford, Car
narvon, Derby, Lincoln.

Sussex, Lancashire, Argyll.

Brecon (increase). Montgomery and
Cumberland (slight increase). Bedford,
Denbigh.

Cheshire (increase). Merioneth and Lin-
coln (slight increase). Montgomery
(passed on). Clyde (generally distri-
buted). Glamorgan.

Cumberland (increase). Somerset (slight
increase). Gloucester.

Lancashire (increase). Sussex (slight
increase).

Gloucester and Merioneth (slight increase).
Sussex and Lancashire (decrease).

Merioneth (decrease).

Westmoreland (increase).

Berks.

Yorkshire (increase). Warwick.

Westmoreland (increase).

Northumberland (slight increase).

Hants.

Carnarvon (increase).

Merioneth and Yorkshire (increase).
Shropshire (slight increase). Cheshire
(settled).

Radnor (increase).

Lancashire (nest with eggs). Cardigan.

Derby and Northumberland {increase).

Dorset and Radnor (increase). Radnor
(nest with eggs).

Carnarvon settled).

Shropshire (increase). Cumberland (nest
with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Tne

THE COMMON TERN.
Sterna fluviatilis, Naum.

A FEW Common Terns were seen in Devonshire on the 2nd
of April, and on the 12th they had arrived at their breeding-
quarters in Kent. On the 26th many were seen in Dorset-
shire, and these apparently reached Anglesey on the Ist of
May and Walney Island, Lancashire, on the 4th. There seems
to have been a more or less parallel migration up the east
coast, a few being seen in Sussex on the 26th of April, in
Suffolk on the 30th, and in Norfolk on the 4th of May.
Further arrivals reached Wales and Lancashire on the 15th
and 16th of May respectively.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April = 2nd. Devon.

- ard. Devon (increase).

2 10th. Herts.

» 11th & 12th. Kent (arriving).

», 12th/13th. Kent light.

1 18th. Kent (increase). Merioneth.

% 26th. Dorset (passing). Sussex.

a 30th. Dorset, Suffolk, Norfolk.
May Ist. Anglesey.

E. 3rd. Essex.

s Ath. Norfolk (increase). | Lancashire (some
arrived).

:, 9th. Norfolk (further increase).

14th. Anglesey (many).

15th.

16th.
IA slte

18th.
29th,

157

Anglesey (abundant).
passing).
Lancashire (many).

Carnarvon (decrease).

passing).
Hssex (slight increase)
Northumberland.

Carnarvon (many

Oxford (few

THE LITTLE THRN.
Sterna minuta, L.

Tue first few birds arrived at their breeding-quarters on the
coast of Kent on the 11th of April, being followed by the
main body nine days later, while the final stragglers arrived
during the last few days of April and the first two days of May.
On Apri] the 29th large numbers arrived on the Norfolk coast,
but after staying a short time the majority passed on, and
the bulk of the breeding birds of that district did not arrive
until the 15th of May. The Essex birds arrived on the 4th
of May. On the western side one or two birds arrived in
Merioneth during the last few days of April, the main
body arriving simultaneously in Somerset and N. Wales
on the 8th of May, while in Lancashire the breeding-area
was reached on the 16th. Eggs were first reported from
Merioneth on the 22nd, and incubation had begun in Kent
on the 25th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April lth: Kent.
a 18th. Kent (numbers).
29th. Norfolk (large numbers). Merioneth.

May Ist. Wilts (passing). Merioneth (slight in-
crease).
3 2nd. Kent (large numpers).
ms 4th. Hssex (few). Norfolk (decrease).
5 8th. Somerset (few). Merioneth (increase).

3 15th. Norfolk (many).

May

16th.
17th.
18th.
18th—22nd.
22nd.
25th.

159
Lancashire (few).
Anglesey (several).
Hssex (few).
Carnarvon (a few passing).
Merioneth (two pairs with eggs).
Kent (a few sitting).

160

UNSCHEDULED BIRDS.

SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS:

THE SONG-THRUSH (Turdus musicus).

During the first week of January the autumn westerly and south-
westerly movements of this species were renewed, and a good many
were recorded on the nights between the 4th and 8th at the light-stations
on the Isle of Man and Bardsey Island. A few occurred on the
7th/8th at the Kentish Knock Lt.-v., and these also were presumably
travelling to the west.

On the nights of February the 5rd and 7th a few were noticed at
Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), but there was no indication of the direction
in which they were going. The first return of the winter-emigrants
was noticed at St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), where moderate
numbers appeared, on the nights of the 12th, 138th and 14th. No further
migration was noted during that month.

Towards the end of the first week in March a movement of very
considerable magnitude began on the west coast. Very large numbers
were reported from the light-stations on the Isle of Man, the Welsh
Skerries, Bardsey and St. Tudwal’s Island off the Carnarvonshire cvast,
likewise on the Pembrokeshire coast every night from the 5th to the
8th, while the smaller numbers recorded on the night of the 9th would
seem to indicate the cessation of this movement. There was a renewal,
however, on the nights of the 12th and 14th and again on the 28th and
29th, and though the numbers were considerable on the two first-named
dates, they were small in comparison with those previously recorded,
while on the two last-named nights they were quite inconsiderable. It
seems probable that this extensive movement was concerned with birds
on passage from Ireland, but there is also a certain amount of evidence
which points to the movement being a northerly one, more or less

161

parallel with the west coast, though the absence of records from any
stations south of Pembroke during the same period tends to negative
Continental Europe as the immediate starting-point of these birds.
(Cf. remarks under Redwing.)

On the 7th of March a single bird was seen flying S.E. at noon from
H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ at 56° N., 1° E., in the North Sea, and on the same day
and on the two following nights a few Song-Thrushes were noted on
passage along the Northumberland coast, On the 10th/11th immigrants
were seen at Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), and on the 14th/15th a few more
were observed on passage at Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland).
During the first ten days of April a considerable immigration was
recorded at the Dorset and Isle of Wight Lights, and comprised birds
of both the British and Continental forms.

THE REDWING (Turdus iliacus).

During the first week of January a similar movement to that of the
Song-Thrush was recorded from the west coast stations, and on the night
of the 27th a single bird was taken at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire).

Similarly in February Redwings accomyanied the returning Song-
Thrushes which occurred at St. Catherine’s Lt. cn the 12th/13th, and
a single bird was taken at the S. Bishop Lt. (Pembroke) the following
night.

On the 5th of March at 4.50 p.m. a single bird came on board H.M.S.
‘Dido’ in the North Sea, 53° N., 3° E., and afterwards proceeded to the
N.W. Between the 5th and Sth of March a nearly similar movement to
that of the Song-Thrushes was recorded at the same west-coast stations,
but with the addition of records from a Bristol Channel Lt.-v. on the
night of the 6th, and of very large movements at St. Catherine’s Lt. on
the 5th and 8th. Smaller numbers at the latter station were also
observed on the 9th, corresponding with the diminution of the movement
on the west coast.

As in the case of the Song-Thrush, there was a renewal of this west
coast movement, but in smaller numbers, on the 12th, 14th and 29th.
Further arrivals of immigrants occurred on the 10th/11th at the Isle of
Wight and on the Kent coast, while simultaneous records from the
Kentish Knock Lt.-v. and Spurn Head Lt. on that night, and from
the latter on the 16th/17th, indicate an emigration from the east coast.
An increase was noted in Sussex on the 17th of March.

During the first fortnight in April the immigration was continnous,
and Redwings arrived in S. Devon and Hampshire on the Ist, in Dorset
on the 6th/7th and along the whole of the south coast on the 9th/10th.
Exceptionally large numbers arrived on the coast of Kent from the
10th/11th to the 12th/138th.

West coast immigrations were recorded from the Isle of Man and

162

Carnarvonshire on the 2nd/3rd and from the Bristol Channel on the
3rd/4th. The movements on the night of the 9th were especially
extensive, for, in addition to the immigration already mentioned, a large
flock was noted at Lundy Island N. Lt., numbers were heard passing
over in Warwickshire and Berkshire, and a considerable emigration
on the east coast was recorded from light-vessels off the coasts of Essex,
Suffolk and Lincolnshire. After the 14th it is clear that nearly all the
Redwings had gone; one or two were seen in Berkshire on the following
day, while others were still passing in S. Devon and Staflordshire on
the 16th.

THE FIELDFARE (Twurdus pilaris).

Though not so extensively recorded, the movements of the Fieldfare
during January and February, so far as the west coast is concerned,
were similar to those of the Song-Thrush and Redwing. This species
also accompanied the movement of the other two on March 12th/138th.
During the last week of February and up to the 3rd of March an
accumulating movement and passage through N.W. Suffolk and N.I.
Norfolk was noticed.

On the 15th and 19th of March large numbers were observed passing
through Northumberland, and after the latter date migration appears to
have become generally noticeable throughout the country, though the
earlier records were received principally from the northern counties.
Records from every part of the country show that migration was general
and actively continued throughout April, both by day and night, and in
several instances the flocks were stated to be flying north, while the
records from Yorkshire indicated that the migration had proceeded in a
succession of waves. After about the 12th a very distinct diminution
was apparent in the numbers recorded in the southern counties.
Emigration was observed off the Lincolnshire coast on the 9th/10th, and
fresh arrivals seem to haye taken place on the coast of Kent on the 12th,
15th and 16th, and on the Sussex coast between the 18th and 24th.

Isolated flocks continued to pass north during the latter half of the
month and during the first week of May. Up to the 14th of May some
numbers were still present in Westmoreland and Northumberland, while
a flock of 50 was seen in Staffordshire on the 15th and a single bird in
Hi. Kent on the 17th.

THE BLACKBIRD (Twrdus merula).

During the first week in January the Blackbird was present in small
numbers with the Song-Thrush and Redwing during the west coast
movement already recorded under those species, and on the 7th/8th one
was seen at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), On February the 11th/12th

163

one was taken at the South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), while others
accompanied the Song-Thrushes and Redwings at St. Catierine’s Lt. on
the following night. On the 28th there was an increase of males and on
the 4th of March a general increase was noted in N.W. Suffolk.

During March large numbers of Blackbirds accompanied the Song-
Thrushes and Redwing’ in all the west coast movements already referred
to, and were also recorded from one of the Bristol Channel lights on the
20th, while small numbers arrived on the Dorset and Hampshire coasts
on the 10th/11th and on the Dorset coast on the 11th/12th. As in the
case of the Song-Thrush, movements were noted on the Northumberland
coast between the 7th and 9th, while a further increase was noted in
N.W. Suffolk on the 15th.

During April the only movements recorded were those of a few birds
at Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon) on the 2nd/3rd, at Helwick Lt.-yv. (Glamor-
gan) on the 6th/7th and at the Outer Dowsing Lt.-y. (Lincoln) on the
9th/10th.

THE BLACK REDSTART (Rutieilla titys).

March 13th. Downton (Wiltshire), a male seen.
» 2@th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), several seen and 3 killed.
April 4th to 10th. South Downs (Sussex), 2 seen.
x 11th. Osborne (Isle of Wight), 1 passing.
F 14th. Nr. Plymouth (Devon), | seen.
May Ist/2nd. Would Lt.-y. (Norfolk), several seen and 4 killed at
2 A.M.

THE RED-SPOTTED BLUETHROAT (Cyanecula suecica).

One was recorded from the Clyde area on the 14th of May and a second
from the north coast of Norfolk during the third week of that month.

THE REDBREAST (£rithacus rubecula).

Mar. 27th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 round the lantern from mid-
night to 4 A.M.

April 7th/8th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1, of the Con-
tinental race, killed at 3 a.m.

THE GOLDEN-CRESTED WREN (Regulus cristatus).
March 7th. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), a few on the
island at 7 A.M.
» lOth/11th. Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), 1 seen at 4.30 a.m.
» 25th/26th. Coquet Island Lt., 1 killed.

164

THE WREN (Troglodytes parvulus).
Apri] 9th/lOth. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 2 a.m.

THE PIED WAGTAIL (Motacilla lugubris).

March 8th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), first seen.

» 12th/138th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 2 a.m.

>» 14th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), now generally distributed.

A 15th. South Downs (Sussex), a few arriving from over
the sea.

5 16th. South Foreland Lt. (Kent), 4 seen at noon.

. 24th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), 1 seen.

es 26th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 on the rock all day, dis-
appeared during the night.

0 28th. Martindale and Patterdale (Westmoreland), increase.
“i 29th. South Downs (Sussex), increase.
at 31st. St. Leonard’s-on-Sea (Sussex), a few on passage.

April 5th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), marked increase, re-
turned to nesting-haunts; Kingston (Sussex), an
arrival of males.

» 7@thto 9th. W. Yorkshire, hundreds passing.
,, 18th & 14th. Northwich (Cheshire), numbers.

fe 16th. Northwich, a few passing ; Llandudno (Carnarvon),
a marked passage.

5 19th. Barcombe (Sussex), many.

» 2lst & 24th. Northwich and Delamere (Cheshire), numbers passing.

3 24th. Llandudno (Carnarvon), a few passing.

May 3rd/4th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the
mouth of the Thames), many seen and 6 killed.

THE GREY WAGTAIL (Motacilla melanope).

March 14th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), several pairs seen.
‘ 25rd. Bettws (Montgomery), first seen.
1 25th. Otterburn (Northumberland), first seen.
rs 27th. St. Michael’s-on- Wyre (Lancashire), first seen.
» 29th. Tenterden (Kent), 1 passing. —

THE BLUE-HEADED WAGTAIL (Motacilla flava),

May 4th/5th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed.
15th. Carnarvon, | seen.

165

THE MEADOW-PIPIT (Anthus pratensis),
Mar. 14th/15th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 2 killed; South Bishop Lt.

(Pembroke), numbers flying W. at 2 A.M.

,, 15th & 17th. South Downs (Sussex), a few arriving from over the

29

April

I?

9

» 9th/10th,

9

March

Ath.
Ist.
3rd.
7th.

8th.
8th/9th.

10th.

11th.
14th.

15th.
17th.

7th.

13th.
Olste

sea.

Lleyn Ogwen (Montgomery), arriving on the moun-
tains in large numbers.

South Downs (Sussex), increase.

Bowdon (Cheshire), a large flock arrived.

Ambleside (Westmoreland), a few seen; H.M.S.
‘Dido,’ 1 seen, 50° 2’ N., 3° W., at 9.30 a.m.

South Downs (Sussex), a further arrival.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. (Severn estuary),
6 round the lantern from 3 a.m., left for the 8. at
dawn.

St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 2 a.m.

Upton (Cheshire), a small flock; Ambleside (West-
moreland), increase.

N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), many passing.

Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of
the Thames), 1 seen at 5 P.M.

Ambleside (Westmoreland), further increase.

Ambleside (decrease).

THE ROCK-PIPIT (Anthus obscurus).

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), 30 to 40 on the
island at 7 A.M.

Coquet Island Lt., 80 to 40 on the island at 1] a.m.

Coquet Island Lt., several on the island all day.

THE GOLDEN ORIOLE (Oriolus galbula).

14th.
16th.

14th.

Nr. Bakewell (Derby), a pair seen, the male killed.
Inverkeithing (Fife), 1 found dead.

THE GREENFINCH (Ligurinus chloris).

Knutsford (Cheshire), first seen.

», 25th to 27th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), gradual increase.

»» 28th to

April
”
May

10th.
24th.
Ist.

Fritton (Suffolk), great increase.

South Downs (Sussex), still in flocks.
Nab Lt.-y. (Hampshire), 2 flying N.E. at 2 p.m.

April 19th.

3 23rd.
» 27th.
Wiewy JEhpet

April 3rd.
Fe 26th.

166

THE GOLDFINCH (Carduelis elegans).

Barcombe (Sussex), from 30 to 40 seen.

Northwich and Delamere (Cheshire), from 15 to 20
passing.

Bowdon (Cheshire), from 15 to 20 passing.

Exwick (Devon), 12 seen.

THE SISKIN (Carduelis spinus).

Tenterden (Kent), 2 passing.
Walton (Cumberland), many.

THE HOUSE-SPARROW (Passer domesticus).

March 9th/10th.

March 12th.

5 26th
Sn eeaulae

rs 28th.
April 11th.

12th.

24th.

Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), 1 killed at midnight.

THE CHAFFINCH (fringilla celebs).

Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles EK. by N. from the
mouth of the Thames), single birds at 10 a.m, and
10 p.m. flying N.W.

Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of
the Thames), a few flying 8.E.

Galloper Lt.-v., ] seen at 7 a.M., and a second flying
W..S.W. at 11 a.m.

Galloper Lt.-v., 1 flying W. at 7.30 a.m.

H.ML.S. ‘ Dido’ on passage from Bantry to Portland in
50° 27’ N. and 2° 42' W., 1 seen flying E. by N. at
6 P.M.

Dudgeon Lt.-v. (Norfoik), 1 seen at 1 p.m.; Galloper
Lt.-v., 1 flying S.W. at 10.50 a.m.

South Dae (Sussex), still in flocks.

May 2nd to 8th. Bowdon (Cheshire), large flock seen.

THE BRAMBLING (Fringilla montifringilla).

March 28th.

29th.
Aaa Ath & 5th.
Af 9th.

,, 9th to 15th.

10th.
14th.
15th.

)

”

”

New Milton (Hampshire), from 30 to 50 scen.
Kendal (Westmoreland), a few.

Brandon (Suffolk), many.

Aldeburgh (Suffolk), a few.

Aldeburgh, gradual increase.

New Forest (Hampshire), some seen up to this date,
Basingstoke (Hampshire), 20 seen.

Aldeburgh, from 20 to 30 in a flock,

167

April 16th. Aldeburgh, gone.
of 17th. Titsey (Surrey), 8 seen.
May 4th. Basingstoke (Hampshire), 4 seen.

THE LINNET (Linota cannabina).

March 25th. Bournemouth (Hampshire), very large flocks seen.
April 6th. Stour Valley (Dorset), numbers, a large movement

apparently in progress,

“ 7th. Warner Lt.-v. (Hampshire), 1 caught at 11 a.m.

% 11th. H.MS. ‘Dido,’ 5 or 6 seen flying N.N.W., 49° 55’ N.,
5° 35' W., at 7.15 a.m.

» 11th to 14th. Ipswich (Suffolk), numbers, great influx arrived at
breeding-haunts.

a 19th. Barcombe (Sussex), increase.

mp pepsivale Tenterden (Kent), first seen since autumn; Maidstone
(Kent), numbers,

B 24th. South Downs (Sussex), still in flocks; Wells (Somer-
set), returned to breeding-haunts,

THE LESSER REDPOLL (Linota rufescens).

April Ist. Tenterden (Kent), 1 passing.
; ord, Ipswich (Suffolk), 2, paired.
Bs 18th. Ipswich, 6 seen.
4, 27th. Bowdon (Cheshire), numbers.
May 12th. Swallowfield (Berkshire), several seen.

THE CORN-BUNTING (£mberiza miliaria).

Mar. 22ndto 24th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), gradual increase.
Apr. 8th & 10th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), a few passing N, along
the coast,

THE REED-BUNTING (Zmberiza scheniclus).

March 8th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), first seen.
April 3rd. Fakenham (Suffolk), great increase.
oth. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), returned to breeding-
haunts,

THE STARLING (Stunus vulgaris,

January witnessed a renewal, on a small scale, of the autumn east-to-
west movements of this species. The numbers moying appear to have

168

been quite small, but the migration was noted on both the east and west
coasts, viz., on the east side at the Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E.
by N. from the mouth of the Thames) on the 2nd/3rd, 4th/5th and
7th/8th, at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire) on the last-named night, and
at Coquet Island (Northumberland) on the 10th; on the west side at
Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man) on the 4th/5th, and at Bardsey Lt.
(Carnarvon) on the 5th/6th and on the two following nights.

Early in February another similar movement occurred, being witnessed
at Spurn Head Lt. on the 6th/7th and on the following night, while
large numbers arrived on the S.E. coast of Suffolk in the early morning of
the 7th. In the middle of the month the first returning emigrants were
recorded at St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight). Large numbers arrived
on the 12th/13th between 4 a.m. and daylight, and on the two following
nights single birds were observed.

During the first fortnight in March further arrivals on the south coast
took place at the Isle of Wight on the 6th/7th, 10th/11th and 11th/12th,
the numbers being particularly large on the 10th/11th, when many
hundreds were also recorded at Dungeness Lt. The most extensive
movement, however, during March would appear to have been that
which took place on the west coast and which was recorded at all the
light-stations between the Isle of Man and the Bristol Channel. In one
or two instances the flocks were said to have been heading northwards,
and though there was not sufficient evidence to decide the point, it seems
most probable that this was the return of the winter-residents from
Ireland. Immense numbers of Starlings were on passage in this area on
every night from the 5th/6th to the 9th/10th, as well as on the 12th/138th,
27th/28th, and on April the 2nd/3rd; while smaller numbers were re-
corded on the 11th/12th, 13th/14th, 14th/15th, 17th/18th, 20th, 28th/29th
and 29th/30th. Altogether many thousands of Starlings must have
passed the southern end of the Isle of Man, which from the records would
seem to have been visited by the densest portion of the movement.

Early in March the return migration across the North Sea began,
being first recorded at the Kentish Knock Lt.-v. on the 4th. On the
6th a tired Starling flew on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ in the North Sea at
5 p., lat. 55° N., long. 2°5’ E., and during the two following nights
small numbers were noted on passage at the lights off the Northumber-
land coast. On the 10th/11th large numbers passed the Kentish Knock
Lt.-v., and from then onwards throughout the month the movement was
continued in a desultory manner, being noted more or less at most of
the stations between the Tyne and the Thames. During the first half
of April the west-to-east movement continued, and the numbers appear
to have been greater than during March. The daylight passage of
flocks was noted in Suffolk between the 4th and the 12th, while the
night records included most of the light-stations between the Humber
and the Thames. At the same time there was a renewal of the south

169

coast arrivals: in Sussex on the 3rd and 10th, in the Isle of Wight on
the 5th/€th and 7th/8th, and in Kent on the 12th/13th, the numbers
on the last two nights being considerable; while an observer on H.M.S.
‘Dido’ recorded a flock of 50 or 60 flying N.W. at 5.30 a.m. of the 11th,
to the south of Land’s End, lat. 49° 47’ N., long. 5° 35’ W. The only
record on the west coast included a few birds seen at Lundy Island N. Lt.
on the 6th/7th.

THE JACKDAW (Corvus monedula).

Amr lst. N. Hayling Island (Hants), many passing.

“CROWS” (Corvus sp.).

March 8th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the
mouth of the Thames), 10 flying H.N.E. at 10 a.m.

dlst. Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of
the Thames), | flying 8.W. at 5 P.M.

April 15th. Dudgeon Lt.-y. (Norfolk), 4 flying W. at noon.

THE HOODED CROW (Corvus-cornix).

March 26th. S.E. Suffolk, last seen,
a 27th. N.E. & N.W. Suffolk, leaving.
April 3rd. N.W. Suffolk, all gone.

THE ROOK (Corvus frugilegus).

Feb. 22nd. 8.E. Suffolk, a large flock arrived in the afternoon.
March Ist. S.E. Suffolk, 50 flying 8.E. at 2.50 p.m.
6th. North Sea, 54° 40’ N., 1° E. (H..M.S. § Dido’), 400 to
600 seen flying 8.E. at 2 p.m. and 70 to 80 more at
2.10 P.M.
14th. Pontefract (Yorkshire), local residents arrived at
breeding-quarters.
, 20th to 24th. Fakenham (Suffolk), many flying E., large numbers on
the 24th.
April 3rd. Fakenham (Suffolk), winter residents and migrants all
passed on.

”

”

THE SKY-LARK (Alauda arvensis).

The movements of this species during January and February were
exactly the same as those of the Starling already detailed, with the
difference that the Spurn Head Lt. records eatended from February
the 3rd/4th to the 7th/8th; the numbers at St. Catherine’s Lt. on the

M

170

12th/13th were small in comparison with those of the Starling, none
were recorded on the two following nights, and a flock was noted flying
west at Coquet Island, Northumberland, on the 26th.

As in the case of the Starling, three distinct movements of the Sky-
Lark were in progress during March and April. Returning emigrants
were recorded arriving on the Kent coast on March the 9th and April
12th/13th, on the Sussex coast on April 7th/8th, on the Hampshire
coast on March the 10th/11th, 24th, 25th and April the 5th, and on the
Dorset coast on April 3rd/4th. All these movements appear to have
been those of fairly large numbers.

The west coast movements of the Sky-Lark were likewise exactly the
same as those of the Starling, which they accompanied, except that
the first and largest one apparently commenced a day later (@. e. on the
6th/7th), while daylight movements of quite small numbers ¢éo the south
were recorded at several of the Bristol Channel lights on March the 18th,
22nd, 24th and April the 2nd.

The return of our winter-visitors across the North Sea was first
observed at the Kentish Knock on March Ist and 4th, while single birds
came on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ in lat. 54° N., 3° E., on the 6th, and in
56°N., 1° E., on the 7th. After the 10th this movement set in strongly
and was recorded at intervals throughout the rest of the month and up
to the 15th of April at different light-stations from Northumberland to
the Thames, the largest numbers being recorded from the Kentish
Knock Lt.-v. on March the 10th/11th, and from the Dudgeon Lt.-v.
(Norfolk) on April 14th/15th.

THE SHORE-LARK (Gtocorys alpestris).
April 18th. 8.E. Suffolk, several winter-residents still present.

THE KINGFISHER (Alcedo ispida),
May 14th/15th. South Foreland Lt. (Kent), 1 killed at 1.45 a.m.

THE HOOPOE (Upupa epops).
May 20th. Chilwell (Nottinghamshire), 1 seen.

MONTAGU’S HARRIER (Circus cineraceus).
April 12th to 17th. $.E. Suffolk, an adult male seen daily.

THE HONEY-BUZZARD (Pernis apivorus).

Jan. 29th. Nr. Beccles (Suffolk), 1 seen.

Iga

THE HOBBY (Falco subbuteo).

April 24th. Northamptonshire, 2 seen.
May = 10th. Berkshire, 1 seen.
» 12th & 14th. South Downs, Sussex, 1 seen.
> 15th. Oxfordshire, male killed.
», 2lstto 27th. Wiltshire, 1 seen almost daily.

THE KESTREL (Falco tinnunculus).

June 7th/8th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 2 pairs seen at 4 a.m. and
1 killed.

THE COMMON CORMORANT (Phalacrocorax carbo).
April Ist. Hampshire, 1 returned to breeding-haunt.

THE GANNET (Sula bassana).

March 13th. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), flocks passing N.
+5 30th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), first seen this spring.

THE BRENT-GOOSE (Bernicla brenta).
April 7th. Lundy Island N. Lt. (N. Devon), a flock of 8 dozen
flying E. at 1 P.M.

i, 13th, Dungeness (Kent), a few small flocks flying E. from
dawn to 8 A.M.

THE COMMON SHELD-DUCK ( Tadorna cornuta).

April 10th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 1 seen.
” 15th. Merionethshire, 20 pairs at nesting-quarters.
3 23rd. Nr. Northwich, a pair seen.
24th. Nr. Northwich, 1 passing.

“ DUCKS.”

April 3rd. Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of
the Thames), 3 flying N.N.W. at 10.30 a.m.
Ps 9th. Galloper Lt.-v., 12 flying 8.E. at 2 p.m.
* 14th. Galloper Lt.-v., 30 flying N. at 4.30 p.m.

THE MALLARD (Anas boscas).
April 3rd. Romney Marsh (Kent), large numbers.

4s 7th. Castletown (Isle of Man), 7 seen, the remains of winter
flocks.
5 16th. Romney Marsh, most gone.

M2

April

oe

April 1st to 9th.

May

ord.
10th.

13th.
14th.
16th.

ord.
16th.

ord.
10th.

16th.

ord.
10th.

ord.
10th.

16th.
21st.
21st.

172

THE SHOVELER (Spatula clypeata).

Romney Marsh (Kent), over 30 pairs seen.

Romney Marsh (Kent), about 30 seen; Nr. Northwich
(Cheshire), 10 seen (not there on the 9th); Tring
(Hertfordshire), several seen (none there on the
ord).

Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), a pair passing.

Nr. Northwich, a few still present.

Romney Marsh (Kent), normal breeding stock only
seen.

THE PINTAIL (Dafila acuta).

Romney Marsh (Kent), 15 to 20 pairs seen.
Romney Marsh, all gone.

THE TEAL (Wettion erecca).

Romney Marsh (Kent), large numbers seen.

Marbury Mere (Cheshire), over 30 seen (none on the
9th); Tring (Hertfordshire), 3 or 4 pairs seen (none
on the 3rd).

Romney Marsh, mostly gone.

THE GARGANEY (Querquedula circia).

2nd, 9th
& 10th.

Marbury Mere (Cheshire), 5 seen.

Romney Marsh (Kent), 1 pair just arrived.
Romney Marsh, several arrived.

THE WIGEON (Mareca penelope).

Nr. Plymouth (Devon), a flock of 40 to 50, which had
frequented the river Yealm throughout the winter,
disappeared between these dates.

Romney Marsh (Kent), many seen.

Marbury Mere (Cheshire), 4 seen (none on the 9th) ;
Heswall (Cheshire), many passing ; Tring (Hertford-
shire), about 80 seen ; Weston Turville (Buckingham),
8 seen.

Romney Marsh, nearly all gone.

Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), a paiz seen.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-y. (Severn Estuary),
9 seen at 3.30 P.M,

173

HE COMMON POCHARD (Fuligula ferina).

April 3rd. Romney Marsh (Kent), 15 pairs seen.
de 9th. Nr. Bowdon (Cheshire), several seen.
i 10th. Romney Marsh, all gone.

27th. Nr. Bowdon, | seen.

”

THE TUFTED DUCK (Fuligula cristata).

April 3rd. Romney Marsh (Kent), 8 to 10 pairs seen.
9th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 6 seen.

”

93 10th. Nr. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), a pair passing; Nr.
Northwich, about 20 seen.
99 13th. Romney Marsh, all gone,

,, 15th & 16th. Nr. Northwich, 3 seen.

THE GOLDEN-EYE (Clangula glaucion).
April 10th. Tring (Hertfordshire), 2 seen.

THE COMMON SCOTER (Cidemia nigra).

April 10th, Tring (Hertfordshire) and Weston Turville (Bucking-
ham), a few seen (none on the 38rd); Radnor Mere
(Cheshire), 6 seen.

11th. Radnor Mere, none.

135th. Dungeness (Kent), a great many large flocks flying E.
froin dawn to 8 a.M.

THE RING-DOVE (Columba palumbus).
Mar. 12th/13th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 1 seen at 11 p.m,
April 11th/12th. Lynn Well Lt.-v. (Norfolk), about 20 flying W. at
10 and 11 p.o., 2 killed.
May Ist. South Downs (Sussex), a large flock seen.

THE WATER-RAIL (Rallus aquaticus).

Mar. 11th/12th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 4 a.m.
27th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), about 12 on the rock at
sunrise, 6 killed during the night.

4)

THE MOOR-HEN (Gallinula chloropus).
Mar. 14th/15th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 1 killed.

THE COOT (Fulica atru).
April 12th/13th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), 1 killed.

March

ob

March
April
May

Jan.

174

THE STONE-CURLEW (Cdicnemus scolopar).

5th. Hollesley (Suffolk), 8 pairs arrived.
16th. Mildenhall (Suffolk), arrived about this date.
27th. Imber Down (Wiltshire), first seen.
30th. Buckholt (Hampshire), 2 seen.
3rd. South Downs (Sussex), | seen.
6th. Brandon (Suffolk), 2 seen.
8th. Nr. Overton (Hampshire), 2 seen.
15th. Angmering (Sussex), 2 seen.
16th. Nr. Ipswich (Suffolk), 6 mating; Nr. Havant (Hamp-
shire), a pair at breeding-haunt.
22nd. South Downs (Sussex), 2 pairs at breeding-haunts.
8th. South Downs (Sussex), nests found.
13th. Thanet (Kent), 1 seen.

16th. Nr. Ipswich, nests with eggs.
21st. Nr. Downton (Wiltshire), nest with one egg, bird
sitting.

THE DOTTEREL (Ludromias morinellus).
8th. Nr. Downton ( Wiltshire), 1 seen.

THE RINGED PLOVER (Aigialitis hiaticola).

4th. Fakenham (Suffolk), seen passing.
13th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 1 seen..
24th. Nr. Northwich, 2 passing.

THE KENTISH PLOVER (gialitis cantiana).

olst. Sussex coast, a pair arrived.
16th. Sussex coast, 1 seen.
11th. Hampshire coast, a pair seen.

THE GOLDEN PLOVER (Charadrius pluvialis),

5th/6th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 1 killed.

March 6th/7th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), numbers seen at 2 a.m.

)?
”?

”

”
April

”)

7th/8th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), hundreds seen.
10th/11th. Dungeness Lt. (Kent), some heard passing.
14th/15th. Bardsey Lt., 3 seen; Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 killed ;

South Bishop Lt., a few seen at 2 a.m.
30th. Bowdon (Cheshire), heard passing in the night.
2nd. Plymouth (Devon), | seen.
3rd, Bowdon, 800 to 400 seen.

175

April 4th. Bowdon (Cheshire), many.
is 7th. Bowdon, large numbers.
es 10th. Bowdon, a few.
as 12th. Tenterden (Kent), a flock flying N. at noon.
14th, Gower (Glamorgan), large numbers seen.

5p 15th. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), a few heard passing at night.

THE GREY PLOVER (Squatarola helvetica).

March 380th to
Sussex coast, ] seen.

April Ist.
6 2nd. Romney Marsh (Kent), 1 seen.
by 15th. Beaumaris (Anglesey), 3 seen,

THE LAPWING (Vanellus vulgaris).

Jan. 4th/5th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), about 200 flying S.W.
23rd. Pontefract (Yorkshire), flocks flying, high up, to

”

the S.W.
March 2nd/8rd. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), 6 seen.
5 5th. Bardsey Lt., a large flock flying N. at noon; Coquet

Island Lt., 4 on the island at 8 a.m.
5th/6th. Bardsey Lt., several killed.
6th/7th. Bardsey Lt., large numbers seen; South Bishop Lt.
(Pembroke), numbers seen at 2 A.M.
» @th/8th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), large numbers seen all night.
10th. Coquet Island Lt., 4 on the island at 9 a.m.
10th/11th. Dungeness Lt. (Kent), some heard round the light.
11th. Coquet Island Lt., 2 flying N.W. at 7 a.m.

11th/12th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), several seen at
2aM.; South Foreland Lt. (Kent), several seen at
4 A.M.

25th. Coquet Island Lt., 4 flying W. at noon.

25th/26th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), several flying N.N.E. at 6 a.m.

80th/3lst. South Bishop Lt., 1 killed, coming from the E. at
4 a.M.

April 6th/7th. Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), a number seen between
11 P.M. and dawn; Lundy Island N. Lt. (N. Devon),
about 12 seen at 2.30 a.m.; Helwick Lt-v. (Gla-
morgan), 16 seen at 8 P.M.

7th/8th. St. Catherine’s Lt., 1 killed at 2.20 a.m.
9th/10th. St. Catherine’s Lt., a few seen.

11th/12th. Bardsey Lt., several seen; Lynn Well Lt.-y. (Norfolk),
a few flying W. at 11 Pa.

”

7

)

176

THE TURNSTONE (Strepsilas interpres).

Mid-Feb. to
April 6th.
7th. Plymouth Sound, 8 seen.
11th. Plymouth Sound, | seen.

| 25th to |
Ge Ath. Plymouth Sound, a flock of 20 seen.

26th. Hundred of Hoo (Kent), 3 seen.

Plymouth Sound (Devonshire), none.

?

”

”?

THE OYSTER-CATCHER (Hematopus ostralegus).
March 14th. Ulverstone (Lancashire), a few passing at 8 P.M.

THE WOODCOCK (Scolopax rusticula).
March Ist to 7th. Pontefract (Yorkshire), 1 seen.
"5 15th. Glendale (Northumberland), 1 seen.
27th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 killed.

”

THE COMMON SNIPE (Gallinago celestis).

March Ist. Brandon (Suffolk), returned to breeding-haunts.
,, Oth to 15th. Fritton (Suffolk), large parties passing daily, especially
large ones on ths 15th and 15th.
5 21st. Martock (Somerset), 1 seen.
5 3lst. St. Leonards-on-Sea (Sussex), 30 to 40 seen on passage ;
Shoreham (Sussex), a well-marked migration.
April 28rd. _Mendips (Somerset), 19 seen; Fakenham (Suffolk),
considerable increase.
3 7th. Shoreham (Sussex), many passing.
5 10th. South Downs (Sussex), 1 seen near the cliff edge.

THE JACK SNIPE (Gallinago gallinula).

Jan. 4th/5th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 3 seen flying S.S.W.
March 6th/7th. Bardsey Lt., 1 seen.
April 2nd/3rd. Chicken Rock Lt., numbers from 11 P.M. to 2 A.M. ;
Bardsey Lt., 1 killed.
7th. Fritton (Suffolk), 2 seen,
, 16th/17th. South Foreland Lt. (Kent), 1 killed at 3 a.m.
May Ist/2nd. Would Lt.-v., 9 seen at 3,30 a.m,

THE DUNLIN (Tringa alpina).

Jan’ 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 1 killed.

Feb 12th. Poole (Dorset), increase.

March 9th. North Sea, 56° N., 1° E. (H.M.S. ‘ Dido’), 1 seen flying
N.N.W. at 8 a.m., and a second, very tired, at
10 a.M.

Wag
Mar. 10th/11th. Spurn Head Lt., 3 seen at midnight.
April 18th. Northwich (Cheshire), 2 passing.

fs 16th. Rye (Sussex), about 200 freshly arrived.
,, 18th to 23rd. Wells (Somerset), 1 daily.

- 22nd. Topsham (Devonshire), a flock passing.
i 24th. Tring (Hertfordshire), 1; Northwich, small parties
passing.

May 7th. Castletown (Isle of Man), about 15 seen.
af 11th. Northwich, 1 passing,
fe 12th. Castletown, 20 passing.
a 17th. Anglesey, several seen.

THE LITTLE STINT (Tringa minuta).

say)
ae ater Sussex coast, 2 seen.

April) ist. Sussex coast, 7 seen.

THE PURPLE SANDPIPER (Tringa striata).

March 14th. Plymouth Sound (Devon), winter residents departed.

* sas! | Pach Som, ame

Apr. 7th to 16th. Plymouth Sound, nine seen.
25th &
May Ist.

”?

Plymouth Sound, 3 seen.

THE KNOT (Tringa canutus).
Jan. 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 1 killed.
April 10th/11th. Dudgeon Lt.-v. (Norfolk), 50 to 60 seen.
» 14th/15th. Dudgeon Lt.-v., many seen.

THE SANDERLING (Calidris arenaria).

April 5th/6th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), several seen at
4 A.M.
May 12th. Castletown (Isle of Man), 4 seen.

THE GREEN SANDPIPER (Totanus ochropus).

Mar. 22nd, 26th &
29th, and Apr. ¢ Wells (Somerset), 1 seen daily.
znd & 3rd,

Apr. 18th to

25th : :
& 29th. Wells, 2 seen daily,

178

THE COMMON REDSHANK (Totanus caldris).

Feb. 12th. Poole (Dorset), increase.
up oa ele N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), gradual increase.
59 28th. Kendal (Westmoreland), 2 returned to breeding-
eround.
5 29th. Brandon (Suffolk), 2 returned to breeding-ground.
April 8rd/4th. St. Catherine's Lt. (Isle of Wight), large numbers from
2.30 a.m. to dawn.

THE GREENSHANK (Totanus canescens),
Feb. 12th. Poole (Dorset), increase.

THE BAR-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lapponica).
Feb. 12th. Poole (Dorset), 4 flying N.

THE CURLEW (Numenius arquata).

Feb. 28th. Bettws (Montgomery), heard,

MENGR 20H) ouk, ee Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), about 20 seen each

6th/7th, 7th/8th :
night,

& 8th/9th.

ae Seite Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 30 seen each night.

5 7th. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), one on the island
at 7 A.M.

., 9th/10th, Chicken Rock Lt., a few seen.

5 11th. Bettws, heard.

i 14th. Ulverstone (Lancashire) and Ambleside (Westmore-
land), passing from the coast to breeding-haunts on
the moors.

,, 14th/15th. South Bishop Lt., numbers seen at 2 a.m.

April Ist. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), 17 seen.

» O6th/7th. Stour Valley (Dorset), numbers passing N. at 8.30 P.M. ;
Anyil Point Lt. (Dorset), a number seen between
11 p.m. and dawn.

» 8th/9th. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), some heard passing at

10.50 P.M,

5 9th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), a few.

», 9th/10th. Solihull (Warwickshire), many flying N.W. at
10 P.M.

,, lCth/11th. Cullercoats, a few flying N. at 9 P.M.
» llth to17th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), an influx during the
week from the 8.

179

April 11th/12th, Bardsey Lt., several round the lantern.
” 12th. Dartmoor (Devon), one on breeding-ground.

» 14th/15th. Dudgeon Lt.-y. (Norfolk), numbers seen at 2 A.M.
2 cee e ao N. Hayling Island, a few seen.
May ord. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), 11 seen.
5 7th. Hayant (Hampshire), 5 seen.
4 10th. N. Hayling Island, 8 seen.

THE WHIMBREL (Numenius pheopus).

April 24th. Budleigh (Devon), 6 seen.

“6 27th. Penrhyndeudraeth (Merioneth), 1 seen.

i 28th. Budleigh (Devon), 1 seen.

= 29th. Hawerby (Lincolnshire), 2 seen.

May 2nd. Penrhyndeudraeth, 9 seen.

ie ord. Penrhyndeudraeth, 1 seen; Nr. Tenterden (Kent),
2 passing.

5 4th, Penrhyndeudraeth, 2 seen.

tf 6th. Plymouth (Devon), 5 passing.

» “th & 8th. Castletown (Isle of Man), 1 seen.

re 10th. Plymouth, 4 seen.

) J1th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), many seen; Pen-

rhyndeudraeth, 2 seen.

oo 12th. South Downs (Sussex), 1 seen; N. Hayling Island,
larze numbers.

a 13th. Plymouth, 5 seen; Silverdale (Lancashire), 3 seen;
Castletown (Isle of Man), 20 seen.

* 14th. Penrhyndeudraeth, 12 seen.

», 14th & 15th. South Downs, several; Silverdale, few.

; 15th. Beaumaris (Anglesey), several; Penrhyndeudraeth,
6 seen ; Bowdon (Cheshire), numbers.

aa 16th. Upton (Cheshire), 1 seen.

53 ith. Lianishen (Glamorgan), 2 seen; Silverdale, few ;
Penrhyndeudraeth, 6 seen.

18th, Penrhyndeudraeth, 12 seen; Scarborough (Yorkshire),
1 seen.

5 19th. N. Hayling Island, many passing W. in the afternoon;
Arthog (Merioneth), 25 seen; Penrhyndeudraeth,

6 seen.
», 20th & 22nd. South Downs, few; Penrhyndeudraeth, 6 and 1
respectively.

As 23rd. Arthog, 4 passing.
‘ 26th. South Downs, 1 seen; Hundred of Hoo (Kent),
4 seen.

April

”)

May

April
”?

Ma

April
May

”

180

THE BLACK TERN (Hydrochelidon ngra).

16th.
24th.
14th.
15th.
16th.
17th.
20th.
26th.

Montgomery, | shot.

Cley (Norfolk), 1 seen.

Oxford, 1 seen.

Oxford, 2 seen.

Cley, 1 seen.

Oxford, 1 seen.

York, 6 seen.

Hundred of Hoo (Kent), 1 seen.

THE SANDWICH TERN (Sterna cantiaca).

26th.
28th.
17th

30th.
15th.
16th.

S.E. Suffolk, several passing at daybreak.
Lancashire, 40 to 50 arrived at breeding-haunt.
Lancashire, first egg found.

THE ARCTIC TERN (Sterna macrura).

S.E. Suffolk, several passing.
Beaumaris (Anglesey), 1, at least, seen.
Lancashire, few seen.

,, 16th to22nd. Llandudno (Carnarvon), a few passing.

”

April

”

”

April

May

May

28th.

14th.

18th.
dist.

9th.
3th,
27th.
30th.

ord.

4th.
5th.

Tring (Hertfordshire), a flock of 28 seen.

THE COMMON GULL (Larus canus).

Plymouth (Devon), large numbers of adults seen for
the last time.

THE HERRING-GULL (Larus argentatus).
Mar. 3rd, 4th &

4m Tenterden (Kent), flocks passing N. all day.

Tenterden, a flock passing N.

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), several flying N.
all day.

Reading (Berkshire), some passing.

Tenterden, a flock flying N.

Shrewsbury (Shropshire), 6 seen.

Shrewsbury, 3 passing up the Severn Valley.

Shrewsbury, 9 flying N.W.

“ BLACK-BACKED GULLS” (Larus marinus vel fuscus).

Horsham (Sussex), 2 flying N.
Reading (Berkshire), 2 flying N.1.

181

THE LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larus fuscus).
March 27th.

”
April
May

March

April

ollists
12th.
Tas

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), flocks flying N.
at 10 A.M.

Coquet Island Lt., flocks flying N. all day.

Plym Estuary (S. Devon), 50 or more newly arrived.

Oxted (Surrey), 3 passing).

THE COMMON GUILLEMOT (Ua troile).

15th.

28th.
31st.

15th.

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), flocks flying N.
at 1.50 P.M.

Coquet Island Lt., flocks flying N. all day.
Coquet Island Lt., a few flying N. all day.

“DIVERS” (Colymbus sp.).

Dungeness (Kent), 5 or 6 small flocks flying E. between
dawn and 8 A.M.

THE MANX SHEARWATER (Puffinus anglorum).
Mar, 14th/15th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), a flock round the lantern

at 2 a.M., 1 struck.

April 2nd/3rd. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 2 struck the lantern.

June

4th/5th. Bardsey Lt., 6 struck the lantern.

DETAILS OF THE

CHIEF MOVEMENTS OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT-

STATIONS DURING THE SPRING OF 1910.

Jan. 2nd/3rd.

59 ord.

» 4th/5th.

» dth/6th.

, 6th//th.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks and Starlings
from 1to6a.m. Wind W.1. Fog.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Bardsey Lt.—About 800 Lapwings, Fieldfares, Black-
birds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings arrived from
the §.5S.W. at 1 a.m. and remained till 6 am,
50 killed. 3 Jack Snipes, a Golden Plovers, a few
Sky-Larks and Starlings, and cne or two small birds
thought to be Chaffinches were also seen. A Jack
Snipe killed. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast, with
occasional showers.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Abovt a score of Starlings and
Song-Thrushes from 7 p.m, to daylight. Wind
S.S.W. fresh. Hazy to clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—\ few Sky-Larks from 1 to
7AM. WindS.W.2. Fog.

Bardsey Lt.—Several Lapwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds,
Song-Thrushes and Redwings killed.

Chicken Rock Lt.—About a score of Song-Thrushes
and Sky-Larks from 7 P.M. to daylight. Wind &.,
light. Hazy.

Bardsey Lt.—Several Lapwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds,
Song-Thrushes and Redwings killed.

Chicken Rock Lt.—About a score of Song-Thrushes
from 7 p.m. to daylight. Wind §., light. Hazy.

”)

»» Blst/Feb.1st.

Feb.

?

>)

9)

”

6th/7th.

7th/8th.

10th.

lth.
18th.
25th.

97 th/28th,

2nd.
ord/4th.

5th/6th.

6th/7th.

7th/Sth.

10th.
1ith/12th.

12th/13th.

183
Spurn Head Lt—A Knot and a Dunlin lilled at
lam. Wind 8.W. 3. Misty.

Bardsey Lt.—Several Lapwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds,
Song-Thrushes and Redwings killed.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several Song-Thrushes, Sky-
Larks and Starlings all night, a Sone-Thrush killed.
Wind 8.8. W. to W. 2. Fog.

Spurn Head Lt.—2 Starlings and a Blackbird seen at
3aM. Wind W.S.W.4. Misty.

Coquet Island Lt.—Ahout 30 Sky-Larks and Starlings
on the island at noon. Wind W.S.W. 7. Clear.

New Moon.
Moon, First Quarter.
Full Moon.

Spurn Head Lt.—1 Redwing killed at 3 am. Wind
W.N.W. 4.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Sky-Larks and small birds
from 8 P.M. to daylight. Wind 8. to W.S.W., light.
Rain.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Spurn Head Lt.—4 Song-Thrushes at 11 am. Wind
S.W. 8. Misty. 2 Sky-Larks killed at midnight.
Wind W. 3. Fog.

Spurn Head [t.—Several Sky-Larks at 1l1p.m. Wind
S.W.3. Misty.

Spurn Head Lt.—20 Sky-Larks and 2 Starlings at
3am. Wind W.S.W.4 to 5. Gloomy, slight mist
and drizzle.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Starlings and
Sky-Larks from midnight to5a.m. Wind W.N.W.6&.
Passing showers.

New Moon.

South Bishop Lt.—1 Blackbird killed at 2 a.m. Wind
N.W. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A single Song-Thrush killed at
11.30p.m. Wind W. 2. Overcast. Large numbers
of Song-Thrushes and Starlings, with a few Black-
birds and Sky-Larks from 4.30 p.m. to daylight.
Calm. Fog.

Feb.

13th/14th.

14th/15th.

16th.
QAth.
26th.

March Jst.

?

”

7?

”

”

9°

”

2nd/3rd.
3rd/4th.

4th.

5th.

5th/6th.

6th.

6th/7th.

184

St. Catherine's Lt.—A. single Starling killed at 2 a.m.
Wind §.S.W. 4. Overcast. Dozens of Song-
Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings from 3.30 to
440 am. Wind 8.8.W. 5. Rain.

South Bishop Lt—A Redwing and a Fieldfare killed.
Wind N.W. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.-—Several Starlings and Song-
Thrushes at 10 pm. Wind S.W.5. Rain.

Moon, First Quarter.
Full Moon.

Coquet Island Lt.—A flock of Sky-Larks with other
small birds flying W. towards land at 7 a.m. Wind
E. 4. Snow.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About 30 Sky-Larks flying I.
at 10 am. Wind N.W.3. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—6 Lapwings round the lantern at
8pm. Wind S.E.'5. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A single Starling killed at 2 a.m.
Wind E.8.E. 38. Overcast.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About 380 Sky-Larks flying
E.S.E. at 11 a.m. and 20 Starlings flying E. at noon.
Wind 8.8.E. 3. Clear.

Bardsey Lt.—A large flock of Lapwings flying N. at
noon,

Coquet Island Lt.—4 Lapwings on the island at 8 a.m.
and a dozen Sky-Larks at 9 am. Wind S.E. 4.
Clear.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Thousands of Song-Thrushes, Red-
wings and Starlings, with about 20 Curlews flying
round all night, large numbers struck and fell into the
sea. Wind 8.K. fresh. Hazy and raining.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—5 “ Sparrows” about the ship
from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wind 8S. Thick mist till
noon, then clear.

Bardsey Lt.—About 800 Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes,
Redwings and Starlings, with a few Sky-Larks and
Curlews, flying round the light from 1 to 3 A.M.;
many killed; a number of Lapwings were also seen.

Wind 8. 5 toS.W.5. Overeast.

185

March Gth/7th. Chicken Rock Lt.—Hundreds of Song-Thrushes, Red-

(contd.).

Lay Sul.

Sth.

re)

wings, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few Curlew,
flying round all night; many struck and fell into the
sea. Wind 8S, IMfazy and raining.

St. Catherime’s Lt.—Several Starlings and Chiffchaffs
from midnight to 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 3. Overcast.

St. Tudwal Lt.—7 Blackbirds, a Starling and a Sone-
Thrush killed between 1 and 4 a.m. Direction of
flight apparently northwards. Wind W.5. Cloudy.

Skerrves Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds, Song-
Thrushes and Starlings all night; many killed.
Wind 8.8.W. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop It—A number of Lapwings, Golden
Plover, Song-Thrushes and Blackbirds flying N.W.
at 2am. WindS,3. Overcast, passing showers.

Coquet Island Lt.—30 to 40 Rock-Pipits with a few
Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, Goldcrests and one
Curlew on the island at 7 am. Wind S.E. 4.
Clear,

Bardsey It.—About 700 Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes,
Redwings and Starlings, with a few Curlews, round
the light from 3.30 to 7 a.M.; many killed. Wind
S.W. 5. Overcast.

Chicken Rock Lt—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes,
Redwings, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few
Golden Plover, flying round all night; many struck
and fell into the sea. Wind S., fresh. Hazy and
raining. ;

Coquet Island Lt.—A few Starlings and Song-Thrushes
at 11.45 p.m. WindS. 4, Misty.

St. Tudwal Lt.—2 Redwings and a Song-Thrush killed
between 4 a.m. and sunrise. Direction of flight
apparently northwards. Wind 8.6. Overcast, with
rain,

Skerries Lt.— Large numbers of Blackbirds, Redwings,
Sky-Larks, Starlings and Lapwings from 9.30 p.m, ;
many killed. Wind S.S.W. 6. Cloudy and very
dark.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Ahbout 20 Sky-Larks flying E. at

30 a.M., 10 “ Crows” to the E.N.E. at 10 a.m., and
2 “Sparrows” to the N.W. at noon. Wind S. to
S.S.W. Clear.

N

March 8th/9th.

9

”

9th.

9th/10th.

10th.

10th/11th.

186

Chicken Rock It.—Hundreds of Sone-Thrushes, Red-
wings, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few Curlews
and Golden Plovers, flying round all night; many
struck and fell into the sea. Wind §., fresh. Hazy
and raining.

Coquet Island Lt.—A few Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes,
and Starlings at 2 a.m.; 1 Blackbird caught. Wind
8.5. Rain.

St. Mary’s Lt.—2 Starlings, a Blackbird and a Song-
Thrush killed at 3 am. Wind 8.4. Misty.

Skerries Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds, Song-
Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings from 9 P.M.;
many killed. Wind S.W.6. Rain.

Dungeness Lt.—A great many Sky-Larks, Linnets and
“Finches” flying W. from daylight to 3 p.m,

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings,
Starlings, Sky-Larks, Curlews and Golden Plovers
flying round all night; several struck and fell into
the sea. Wind S., fresh. Rain to clear.

Winterton Lt.—A House-Sparrow killed at midnight.
Wind W.S.W. 4. Rain.

Coquet Island Lt.—6 Sky-Larks on the island at 9
and 4 Lapwings at 9.50 a.m. Wind S.W. 8. Clear.

Anvil Point Lt.—A few Blackbirds and Song-Thrushes
from midnight to dawn. Wind N.W.3. Misty.

Dungeness Lt,—Large numbers of Starlings, Redwings,
Lapwings and “ Plovers” from 9.80 P.M. to 5.30 4.M.,
the largest number arriving at 10.30 p.m. Wind
E. 8. Clear, with occasional rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks from 2 a.m. to
dawn; large numbers of Starlings from midnight to
dawn, and many Redwings from 4 a.m. to dawn.
Wind 8.E. Overcast, but clear.

St. Catherine’s Lt—Ahbout 500 Starlings with a few
Blackbirds, Redwings and Sky-Larks from midnight
to dawn. Wind N.E. 2. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt—A few Blackbirds, Redwings and
Dunlins at midnight. Wind S.W. 4. Clear.

Mar. 10th/11th.
(contd.).

”

11th.

187

Winterton Lt.—A Sky-Lark killed at9 p.m. Wind
S.W. 2. Misty. A few Starlings and a Goldcrest
from 4 to 4.30 a.m., and 20 to 30 Starlings flying
S. at sunrise. Wind W.N.W. 1. Misty.

New Moon.
Coquet Island Lt.—2 Lapwings flying N.W. towards
land at 9 a.m. Wind N.W.3. Clear.

» 1lth/12th. Anvil Point Lt—A few Blackbirds from midnight to

”)

”

Lh

”

12th.

12th/13th.

13th.

13th/14th.

14th/L5th.

3am. Wind N.E. 6, Squally.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—Several Starlings and a Water-
Rail killed at 4 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 5. Rain.

South Bishop Lt.—12 Starlings flying W. at 10 p.m.
Wind E.N.E. 6. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—Several Lapwings at 4 a.m.
Wind N.N.E. 3. Clear, showery.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Single Chaflinches flying N.W.
at 10 and 11am. Wind 8.S.E. Cloudy, but clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Several Lapwings and a Pied
Wagtail at 2 a.m. Wind N.E. 2. Overcast.

Skerries Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings, Blackbirds,
Song-Thrushes and Redwings, with many Fieldfares,
from 9 p.m. to midnight; many killed. Birds dis-
appeared when the stars came out. A single Coot
killed. Wind N.E. 4. Cloudy and very dark.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Sky-Larks, Starlings and
Wood-Pigeons at 11 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 4. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—60 to 70 Sky-Larks and Rock-Pipits
about the island at 11 am. Wind N.W. 4.
Cloudy. Flocks of Gannets, Guillemots and Divers
flying N. from 1 to 1.30 p.m. Calm.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Starlings flying round from
10 p.m. to daylight. Wind W. to S.W., light.
Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—2 Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind
W.S.W. 3. Overcast.

Bardsey Lt.—Several birds of various species at the
lantern at 2 a.m.; a Golden Plover and a Moorhen
killed. Wind N.W. 2. Cloudy with snow.

NZ

188

Mar. 14th/15th. Chicken Rock Li—A few Starlings flying round from

”

39

9?

a8

Le)

(contd.).

15th/16th.

16th.

16th/17th.

Wading
17th/18th.

18th.

20th.
21st.
29nd.

4th

10 p.m. to dawn. Wind W.N.W., fresh. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—1 or 2 Song-Thrushes at 2.45 a.m.
Wind W. 2. Overcast.

Smalls Lt—2 Wheatears, 2 Sky-Larks, 2 Meadow-
Pipits, a Redwing and a Golden Plover killed.

South Bishop Lt—A number of Blackbirds, Song-
Thrushes, Sky-Larks, Meadow-Pipits, Curlews and
Shearwaters with a few Golden Plovers at 2 A.M.
Wind 8.W. 2. Overcast, with rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Starlings at midnight. Wind
W.4. Misty.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Q “Swans” flying S.W. at 1 p.m.
Wind 8.W., strong. Hazy and showery.

South Foreland Lt,—Four Pied Wagtails seen at noon.
Wind 8.W. 2. Thick mist.

Dudgeon Lt.-v.—A Starling killed at 34.m, Wind
WES: Ws Gan Clear,

Spurn Head [t.—A few Redwings and Starlings at
2am. Wind W.7. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—A few Sky-Larks about the island
allday. Wind N.W. 6. Cloudy.

South Bishop Lt.—A few Starlings flying S. and 8.W.
at ll pw. Wind W.N.W. & Passing showers.

Moon, First Quarter.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—d Sky-Larks flying
S. at 3.80 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 6. Snow.

Helwick Lt.-v.—6 Blackbirds and 4 Starlings flying 8.
at 7a.M. Wind W.1. Overcast, with misty rain.

Galloper Lt.-v.—1 Starling flying W.N.W. at 1.80 p.m.
Wind S.W. 1. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds LIt.-v.—About 20 Sky-
Larks flying 8. at 10 a.m. WindS.E. 2. Cloudy.

foquet Island Ut,— A few Sky-Larks about the island
all day. Calm, clouay,

March 24th.

”

”

”

”?

(contd.).

25th.

25th/26th.

26th.

27th.

27th/28th.

189

Helwick Lt.-v.—2 Sky-Larks flymg 8. at LL a.m.
Wind N.E. 2. Hazy.
South Foreland Lt.—2 Wheatears seen at 6 P.M.
Wind N.3. Cloudy.

Full Moon.

Coquet Island Lt.—4 “ Plovers” flying W. towards land
at noon; several Sky-Larks on the island all day.
Wind EH. 1. Cloudy.

Galloper Lt.-v.— Starling flymg W. at 6 P.M.
Wind N.N.E. 4. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—1 Goldcrest caught at 2 A.M.
Wind 8. 4. Overcast.

Smalls Lt.—Several Golden Plovers flying N.N.E. at
6 a.m., 2 killed. Wind 8.E. 3 to 4. Hazy in the
east,

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—4 Sky-Larks flying
S.at2p.m, Wind N.K.2. Hazy.

Galloper Lt.-v.—A dozen Chaflinches flying S.H.
Wind N.E. 1. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks flying N.W. at
2pm. Wind EH. 2. Clear.

Smalls Lt—A Pied Wagtail on the rock all day.
Wind 8.E. 35 to 4.

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Black-backed Gulls flying
N.at 104m. Wind 8.3. Misty.

Galloper Lt.-v.—Single Chaffinches flying W.S.W. at
Zand llam. Calm. Fog.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Stariings flying N.W. at
10.50 4.m. Calm. Fog.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Ahbout 16 Starlings round the ship at
9AM. Calm. Dense fog.

Coquet Island Lt.—2 Starlings at 6.30 p.m. Wind
S.W.3. Rain.

Smalls Lt—Large numbers of Starlings, from mid-
night to sunrise, many killed; many Chiffchaffs and.
a Redbreast at 3 A.M., and a dozen Water-Rails and
Woodcocks with several Black Redstarts at sunrise.
Wind 8.W. 3 to N.N.E. 3. Drizzling rain.

March 28th.

oP)

7

April

?

”

”

28th/29th.

29th/30th.

30th/31st.

dist.

2nd.

2nd/drd.

3rd,

érd/4th.

190

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Guillemots flying N. all
day. WindS.4. Misty.

Galloper Lt.-v.—A “Flycatcher” on board at 6.30 a.M.
A Chiffchaff flying W. at 7.30 a.m., and a Starling on
board at 10 a.m. Wind N.W. 2. Fog to clear.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings
from 8 P.M. to midnight. Wind E.S.E., light.
Hazy.

Chicken Rock Lt—A few Starlings, Sky-Larks and
Blackbirds from 9 P.M. to dawn. Wind N. to E.
fresh.

South Bishop Lt.—About a dozen Song-Thrushes and
Redwings flying N.W. at 3 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 2.
Cloudy and misty.

South Bishop Lt.—1 Lapwing flying W. killed at 4 a.m.
Wind &, 4. Fog.

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Black-backed Gulls with
a few Herring-Gulls and Guillemots flying N. all
day ; several Sky-Larks flying W. towards land and a
few Rock-Pipits on the island all day. Wind S.E. 4.
Blue sky, clear.

Galloper Lt.-v.—l1 “Crow” flying S.W. at 5 P.M.
Wind E.N.E. 5. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—10 Sky-Larks seen
at 2pm. Wind E.N.E.1. Hazy.

Bardsey Lt.—Ahbout 30 Redwings with a few Black-
birds and Starlings round the lantern at 3 A.M.;

a Jack Snipe and two Manx Shearwaters also struck.
Wind N.N.W. 4. Overcast, with rain.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Numbers of Starlings, Redwings
and Jack Snipes round the lantern from 11 P.M. to
2am. Wind 8.W. to N.W. fresh. Rain to clear.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Galloper Lt.-v.—3 “ Wild Ducks” flying N.N.W. at
10,30 and 1 “ Linnet” to the W. at ll a.m, Wind
N.3. Clear.

Anvil Point It.—A few Sky-Larks at 3 a.m. and a
Song-Thrush at 1 am. Wind N. 4. Overcast.

Helwick Lt.-v.—3 Redwings at 3am. Wind N.E. 4,
Clear,

April 3rd/4th.

(conéd.).
» 4th/5th.
ne oth.

» dth/6th.

Othy/i7th.

ee thy Sth.

WH

St. Catherine's Lt.—Large nnmbers of Redshanks from
2.30 a.m. to dawn; large numbers of Willow-
Warblers and Chiffchaffs at 3.80 and Wheatears from
4+05 4M. Wind W.2. Overcast.

South Bishop It.—10 Wheatears at 10 p.m. Wind
N.E. 6. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—20 Starlings flying N.W. at 3 p.m.
Wind 8. 3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Large numbers of “big birds”
(noue striking) from midnight to dawn, a few Song-
Thrushes and Starlings from 2 to 4 A.m., and a few
Wheatears, Blackcaps and Sanderlings at 4 a.m.
Wind N.E, 2. Drizzling rain.

South Bishop Lt.—Numbers of Wheatears and Willow-
Warblers at ll p.m. Wind N.E. 4. Overcast.

Anvil Pot Lt.—A large number of Redwings, Song-
Thrushes, Willow-Warblers and Chiffchatts, with
some Curlews and Lapwings, from 11 p.m. to dawn,
Calm. Overcast.

Helwick Lt.-v.—A few Redwings, Blackbirds and
“Plovers” between 8 and 10.30 p.m. 4 Redwings
and a “Snipe” killed. Wind E.S.E. 3 to 8.E. 4.
Overcast, with rain.

Owers Lt.-v.—Four Blackcaps seen at 10 p.m. Wind
N.E. 3. Overcast, with misty rain.

Lundy Island North Lt.---\'wo or three dozen Chitf-
chaffs and Wheatears, with about a dozen “ Plovers ”
and severals Starlings, between 2.30 and 2.45 a.m.
Wind 8.E. 4 to 5. Overcast to clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A flock of three dozen
“ Black Geese ” tying HE. at 1 P.u.

Warner Lt.-v.—A. Linnet caught at 11 a.m. Wind
N.E. 3. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v—20 Sky-Larks flying N.W. at 4 a.m.
Wind N.E. 1. Cloudy and misty.

St. Catherine's Lt—Large numbers of Redwings,
Starlings and Waders from midnight to 1.30 a.m.; a
Lapwing and a Chiffchaff killed at 2.30 and a Red-
breast and a Wryneck at 3 a.M.; very tew small
birds seen. Wind N.K. 2. Overcast.

April

I

”

8th.

Sth/9th.

Oth.

9th/10th.

192

Galloper Lt.-v.—A flock of 30 small birds flying 8.E.
at 11.30 am. Wind N. 3. Overcast.

Helwick [t.-v.—A “Sparrow” seen at 11 am, Wind
8.E. 4. Slight haze.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—6 Meadow-Pipits
round the lantern at 3 A.M., flew to the 8. at daylight.
Wind N.1. Hazy.

St. Catherine's It.— Dozens of Redwings with a few
Wheatears and Chiffchatis from 3 to4 4.m. Wind
N.W. 1. Overcast,

New Moon.

Galloper Lt.-v.—A dozen “ Wild Ducks” flying 8.E. at
2p.mM. Wind W.S.W. 3. Clear.

Bardsey Lt.—Ahbout 20 Wheatears at 3 a.m. Wind
N.N.W. 4. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings and
Redwings flymg N.W. from 10.80 p.m. to 4 a.m.
Wind E.N.E. 8 to 8.S.W. 2. Overcast, with rain to
clear.

Lynn Well Lt.-v.—50 Starlings flying $,W. at 1 a.m.
Wind N.3. Clear,

Outer Dowsing [t.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings, with
a few Blackbirds, Redwings and Fieldtfares, between
lipmand4am. Wind 8.4 to S.S.W. 4. Over-
cast but clear.

St, Catherine's It—lLarge numbers of Wheatears,
Willow-Warblers and Chiftchaffs with a few Wry-
necks, Wrens, Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Meadow-
Pipits and Lapwings from 2 to 3.30 a.m, Wind
S.E. 2. Overcast and cloudy at intervals.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Several Starlings and Sky-Larks at
9.30 p.m. and a Redwing killed at midnight. Wind
N.E. 2 to N.N.E. 3. Overcast, with rain.

South Foreland Lt—VWundreds of Redwings round the
lantern. Wind E.N.E. 3. Cloudy.

Lundy Island North Lt—Several Willow- Warblers at
10 p.mMyand a large flock of Redwings at midnight.
Wind E.S.E. 3. Clear.

193

April 10th/11th. Dudgeon Lt.-v.— About 80 Starlings and “Knots”

a 11th.

» 1th/12th,

pan aloehe

» 12th/13th.

at 10 p.m. and 2.30 a.m. Wind S8.S.W. 4. Clear to
misty.

St. Catherines Lt.—A few Willow-Warblers and
Chiffchaffs at midnight. Wind E. 2. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—Numbers of Redwings all night.
Wind 8.W. 3. Cloudy.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—A single Swallow
flying N. at 11.30 a.m. Wind 8.2. Cloudy.

Bardsey Lt.—Ahbout 60 Wheatears, Chiffchaffs and
Willow-Warblers, with 6 Ring-Ouzels and some
Lapwings and Curlews, round the light from | to
4am. Wind 8.S.W. 5. Overcast.

Lynn Well Lt-v.— About 20 Wood-Pigeons and
Lapwings flymg W. at 10 and 11 p.m. Wind
S.S.W. 2. Cloudy.

St. Catherine's Lt.— Large numbers of Wheatears,
Willow-Warblers and Chiffchafis, with a few Black-
caps, Redstarts and Whitethroats, from 1.30 to
3 A.M., very few striking in comparison to the
number present. Wind 8.8.W. 3. Rain until 2 4.M.,
cloudy after.

South Foreland Lt.—Numbers of Redwings all night.
Wind S.W. 3.—Cloudy.

Lundy Island North Lt—One Wheatear killed at
9pm. WindS.W. Clear.

Dudgeon Lt.-v.—A Starling and a Chaffinch seen at
lpm. Wind 8.3. Clear.

Galloper Lt.-v—A Chaffinch at 10.50 a.m. and a
Swallow at 5 p.m., both flying S.W. Wind S.8.W.38,
Clear to overcast.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—15 “ Sparrows ” flying N.W. at 3 P.M.
Wind 8. by W.3. Clear.

Dungeness Lt.—1 Sky-Lark at 9.20 p.m.,a Common Tern
at 9.40 p.M.,and several singly with single Wheatears
throughout the night. Wind §.2+to S.W 3. Dark,
overcast, with occasional rain.

194.

April 12th/18th. Owers Lt.-v—A dozen Tree-Pipits flying W.N.W. at

”

)

.)

bb)

”

”?

(contd.).

1dth.

14th.

14th/15th.

15th.

16th.
16th/17th,

18th.

19th.

20th.

21st.

21st/22nd.

22nd.

12.30 a.m. Wind 8.2. Overcast and dark.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—Dozens of Willow- Warblers with
a few Blackcaps and Wheatears at 2 am. Wind
S.S.W.3. Overcast.

South Foreland Lt.— Numbers of Redwings and
Starlings all night. Wind 8.5. Showery.

Dungeness Lt.—Many large flocks of Common Scoters,
with a few smaller ones of Brent-Geese, Divers and
Common Terns, flying E. from dawn to 8 a.m.

Helwick Lt.-v.—1 Swallow flying N. at 5p.m. Wind
W.N.W.5. Clear, passing showers.

Galloper Lt.-v.—380 “Wild Ducks” flying N. at
4.30 p.M., and a Meadow-Pipit about the ship at
opm. Wind S.S.E.1. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt.—2 Swallows flying N.E.

Dudgeon Lt.-v.—A largenumber of Starlings, Sky-Larks,
Curlews and “ Knots” at 12.50 a.m. None struck.
Wind 8.E.3. Misty.

Dudgeon Lt.-v—aA dozen “ Linnets” flying N.W. at
10.30 a.m., and 4 Crows flying W. at noon, Wind
S.W.4. Clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

South Foreland Lt.—A Jack Snipe killed ‘at 3 A.M.
Wind W.N.W.3. Cloudy.

Lynmouth Foreland Lt,—1 Land-Rail killed.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E, at 7 a.m.
Wind S8.8.W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.— Numbers of “Swallows” flying N. at 9 a.m.

Wind N.W.1. Misty.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “Swallows” flying N.E. at
8.20 a.m. Wind N.W.1. Misty.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at noon.
Wind W. by N.3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A very few Willow-Warblers and
Blackeaps at 3 a.M. Wind N.W.2. Overcast.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N.N.E. at
7.30 am. Wind N.N.E.1. <Clear.

195

April 22nd/28rd. St, Catherine's Lt.—Ahbout 20 Willow-Warblers and a

»

7

9

”

93rd.

24th.

25th.
26th.
27th.
28th.
28th/29th.
29th.
30th.
Ist.

Ist/2nd.

few Redstarts at 3.80 a.m. Wind E.2. Cloudy.

Jab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at 6 a.m.
Wind E. by N.3.. Clear.

Full Moon.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “ Swallows ” flying N.E. at 9 a.m.
Wind W. by 8.5. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at noun.
Wind W. by 8.4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at 7 a.m.
Wind N.W.4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “Swallows” flying N. at
lla.m. Wind W.S.W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.— A. few “Swallows” flying N. at 9 a.m.
Wind S.W.3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A single Wheatear killed at mid-
night. Wind 8.W.2. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v—-A few “Swallows” flying N. at 8 a.m.
Wind N.W. by W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. all day.
Wind N.N.W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—2 “ Greenfinches ” flying E.N.E. at 2 P.M.
Wind 8.W.1. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Thousands of Willow-Wavrblers,
large numbers of Whitethroats and Wheatears, with
smaller numbers of Blackeaps, Whinchats, Redstarts,
Sedge-Warblers and a few Pied Flycatchers, Grass-
hopper- Warblers and Yellow Wagtails, from midnight
to3 am. Wind N.W.3. Overcast.

Would Lt.-v.cSeveral Black Redstarts at 2 a.m. and
9 Jack Snipes at 3.30 a.m. Wind E.N.E.2. Rain.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flyirg N.E. at 9 a.m.
Wind N.N.E. 2. Hazy.

yab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at noon.
Wind N.N.E.3. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—2 “Swallows” seen at 6 aM.
Wind N.5. Overcast, with rain.

196

May srd/4th. Dungeness It.—Large numbers of Whitethroats and
Willow- Warblers, with smaller numbers of Wheat-
ears, Blackcaps, Lesser Whitethroats and Sedge-
Warblers and a few Tree-Pipits and Redstarts, from
11.30 p.m. to sunrise, the largest numbers arriving at
12.30 a.m. Wind W.3. Cloudy, with rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Whitethroats,
many Pied Wagtails and Wheatears with a few
Redstarts and Wrynecks from 10 P.M. to 4 A.M.
Wind W.1. Overcast, but clear.

St. Catherine's It.—Thousands of Willow-Warblers
and Whitethroais, large numbers of Wheatears,
Whinchats, Blackcaps and Sedge-Warblers, with a
few Redstarts, Nightingales, Grasshopper- Warblers,
Yellow Wagtails and Wrynecks, from 11 p.m. till
dawn. Wind N.W.3. Rain.

South Foreland Lt.—Hundreds of Whitethroats and
Willow-Warblers with many Lesser Whitethroats
and a few Whinchats, Wheatears, Redstarts and
Nightingales all night. Wind W. to W.S.W.
Overcast, with heavy rain.

” 4th. Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “Swallows” flying N.E. at
9am. Wind N.N.W. 4. Cloudy.

» A4th/dth. Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Wheatears, Redstarts and
Willow-Warblers from 9 p.m. to dawn. Wind
S.W., fresh. Rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Thousands of Whitethroats and
Willow-Warblers, large numbers of Redstarts, Sedge-
Warblers and Blackcaps, with a few Wheatears,
Tree- Pipits, Garden - Warblers, Chiffchafts and
Nightingales, from 12.30 a.m. to dawn; a Grass-
hopper- Warbler, a Blue-headed and a White Wagtail
killed. Wind N.N.W. 4. Overcast.
South Foreland Lt.—Large numbers of Whitethroats
and Willow-Warblers with a few Whinchats at
11.30 p.m, Wind W.N.W. 4. Cloudy.
3 5th. Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N.E. at
3Pp.M. Wind N.W. 5. Clear, passing rain.
¥ 5th/6th. South Foreland Lt.—Many Whitethroats and Willow-

Warblers with a few Whinchats from 12.80 to
1.0 4.mM. Wind W.N.W. 38. Cloudy.

May 5th/Gth.

(contd.).
a 6th.
* 7th.
op 8th.

» S8th/9th.

9th.

”?

10th.

9

» 10th/11th.

11th.

”

12th.

+P)

13th.

oy)

14th.

9

”

15th.

ty)

16th.

9th/10th.

14th/15th.

197

Would Lt.-v.—A Wheatear killed at 3 a.m. Wind
VW GSW Be

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at 10 a...
Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

Nab Lit.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at noon.
Wind W. 6. Clear.

New Moon.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at 11 a.m.
Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Willow-
Warblers from 9 P.M. to 2 a.m. Wind N. to
N.N.W. 3. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Nab Lt.-v.— Several “ Flycatchers” round the lantern
at 10 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 5. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several Swifts flying N. at noon and a
few “Swallows” flying N.E.at2p.m. WindN.N.E.
4to 5. Cloudy.

Lundy Island South Lt.—A dozen Willow-Warblers
seen, 3 and a Wryneck killed. Wind N. 3.
Clear.

Nab Lt.v.— A few “Swallows” flying N. at 10 a...
Wind H.S.E. 2. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Tree-Pipits from 10 p.m.
to midnight. Wind $.E. Overcast but clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several “Swallows” flying N. at 2 p.m.
Wind N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several “ Swallows” flying N. at noon.
Wind E.S.E. 6. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several “ Swallows ” flying N.E. at 3 p.m,
Wind $.E. 4. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. during
the day. Wind HK. 4. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—A Kingfisher killed at 1.45 a.m.
Wind N. 4. Fog.

Nab Lt.-v-—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. all day.
Wind 8.E. 2. Cloudy.

Moon, First Quarter.

May

a)

9

”

”

9)

33

16th.
(contd.).

17th/18th.

18th.

18th/19th.

19th.

19th/20th.

22nd/28rd.

24th.

26th.

29th.

198

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. all day.
Wind E. 2. Cloudy.

St. Catherine's It.—Large numbers of Willow-Warblers
and Whitethroats with a few Garden- and Sedge-
Warblers from 11.50 p.m. to 12.15 a.m. Wind E. 5.
Overcast. Birds disappeared when the moon rose
and stars appeared.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—4 “Swallows”
flying 8. at 9.10 a.m. Wind N.E.1. Cloudy.

St. Catherines Lt. — Great numbers of Willow-
Warblers, Whitethroats and Spotted Flycatchers,
with a few Wood-, Garden- and Reed-Warblers,
from 2 to 3 am. Very few striking. Wind
ELN.E. 3. Overcast, rain at times.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.— Swallows” passing

N. in ones and twos all day. Wind E.N.H. 2.
Cloudy.

Smalls Lt.—Several Swifts, Wouse-Martins and White-
throats at 11 pm, 2 and 3 a.m. respectively.
Wind W.N.W. 3 to N.N.E. 1. Misty to foggy.

Helwick Lt.-v.—l “Swallow” flying N. at 5 P.M.
Wind W. 2. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt-v. —9 “ Wigeon”
seen at 3.30 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clear.

Helwick Lt.-v.— “Swallow” flying 8. at 10 a.m.
Wind N. 2. Clear.

Helwick Lt.-v.—3 “Swallows” flying N. at 8.10 p.m.
Wind N. 4. Clear.

Full Moon.
English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—11 “ Linnets”
flying N. at 4.530 p.m. Wind N.N.E.3. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—* Swallows” passing
N. in threes and fours all day. Wind E.N.E. 2.
Hazy.

English and Welsh Grounds It.-v.—Several House-
Martins flying N. at 9.50 a.m. Wind W.N.W. 4.
Overcast, with rain.

Helwick Lt.-v.—3 “Swallows” flying N. at 6.45 a.m,
Wind W.S.W. 5, Clear.

gg

May 29th/30th. East Goodwin L[t.-v.— A Cuckoo killed at 10 pM,

”

June 2nd/3rd.

7

”

99

”

9

dlst.

ord.

4th/5th,

5th.

6th.

7th.

7th/8th.

11th.

13th.

14th.

Wind 8.W. 4 to 5. Fog.

English and Welsh Grounds [t.-v.—<A flock of Willow-
Warblers round the light from 9.30 p.m. to daylight,
when they flew S. Wind W.3. Clear.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Bardsey Lt.—A number of birds at the lantern between
10 pm. and 2 a.M., including Sedge-Warblers,
Whitethroats, Spotted Flycatchers, Cuckoos and
Nightjars. Wind W.S.W. 3. Overcast, with slight
mist.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—“ Swallows” passing
N. in ones and twos all day. Wind W.S.W. 3.
Cloudy.

Bardsey Lt.—6 Manx Shearwaters killed.

Flelwick Lt.-v.— A Spotted Flycatcher caught at
10am. Wind E. 3. Rain.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.— Swallows” passing
N. in ones and twos all day. Wind E.N.E. 3.
Cloudy.

New Moon.

Smalls Lt.—2 Wheatears at midnight and 4 Kestrels
at 4.a.mM. Wind S.E. 1lto N.E.1. Fog.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—5 “ Swallows” seen
at 11 a.m. Wind N.E.1. Fog.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—3 “Swallows” flying
N. at 2.30P.m. Wind N.2. Cloudy.

Moon, First Quarter.

NOTES

ON

MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS

DURING

THE AUTUMN OF 1909.

Day Migration is denoted thus: September 30th,
Night Migration is denoted thus: September 29th/30th.

THE MISTLE-THRUSH (Turdus visetvorus)

Aug. 17th. Mull, Argyll, forty passing S.
23rd. Staffordshire, larze numbers arrived.
24th. Devon, a small flock passing.
31st. Staffordshire, numbers still present.
Sent. 20th. N. Oxfordshire, a flock seen.
» 2ist&28th. Isle of May (Fife), one passing each day.
Oct. Ist. N. Oxfordshire, still present in small flocks.
10th & 11th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few flying south each day.

”

is 21st. N. Oxfordshire, all gone.
3 93rd. §. Devon, three passing.
29th. S. Devon, winter residents arrived.

Non 13th/14th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few.

THE SONG-THRUSH (Turdus musicus).

The earliest movement on the east coast was noted at Spurn Head Light
on the night of August the 26th/27th, but it was not until a fortnight
later that any further records were received, when on the llth of
September a large flock was observed flying S.E. at Cromer. A week
later the immigration of Continental Song-Thrushes set in in earnest,
being observed for the first time on the south coast of Yorkshire on the
18th, where subsequent arrivals took place on the 24th/25th, 26th, 28th
and 30th, while large numbers arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) on the
28th and small numbers on the north coast of Norfolk on the 22nd and
the 28rd/24th.

201

During October immigrant Song-Thrushes were recorded along the
whole of the east coast from Fifeshire to the mouth of the Thames,
between the 10th and the 19th, the largest numbers being observed at the
Isle of May on the 16th/17th, on the south Yorkshire coast on the 11th
and 19th, and on the Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex coasts on
the 11th and 12th. Large numbers also arrived on Fair Isle, Shetland,
on the 18th. 7

The migration on the night of the 10th/11th seems to have
covered an especially extensive area of arrival, being recorded along
the whole coast from the Humber to the Thames. Towards the end of
the month further small influxes were recorded on the south coast of
Yorkshire on the 26th and 30th/31st, and these were again followed by
larger numbers on November the Ist and 2nd, arrivals being also reported
on the Ist at Whitby Light. On November the 14th and 14th/15th a
further arrival of migrants occurred on the south-east coast between
Essex and Dungeness (Kent).

Taking the records as a whole, night movements are more numerous
than those by day, and at the height of migration in mid-October they
were more or less continuous throughout the night, It is probable that
the majority of the individuals concerned in these movements belonged
to the Continental race, but those arriving on the Yorkshire coast and on
the Isle of May were the only ones critically examined.

The earliest movement noticed on the south coast was at the Eddy-
stone Light on the night of September 3rd/4th, but no further records were
received from that station until November.

Between September the 9th and 21st movements were observed on
nine days or nights at the Sussex and Hampshire lights, but the numbers
were in all cases quite small and there was no indication whether they
were of a direct emigratory character or of a coasting nature towards
the west. An increase of Song-Thrushes was noticed in 8. Devon on
September 28th. All the birds examined from St. Catherine’s Light
belonged to the British race.

During October the records gave very little indication of movements ;
a large increase was noted in Wiltshire on the 14th lasting until the 16th,
which corresponded with the passage of birds observed at St. Catherine’s
Light on the 16th/17th, while on the 26th/27th a few more were noticed
at St. Catherine’s Light and also at Hanois Light (Guernsey).

The main departure movements from the south coast evideatly took
place during the first half of November and extended along the greater
part of the coast from the Isle of Wight to the Isles of Scilly. During
this period the records from the Eddystone Light were the most im-
portant and included ten nights out of the first sixteen, while the largest
movements took place on the 4th/5th, 6th/7th, 7th/8th and 15th/16th.

In December a repetition of these movements occurred between the
13th and 18th, being observed nightly at the Eddystone Light and on the

oO

202

last night at St. Catherine’s Light also, while the largest emigrations
occurred on the 15th/16th and 16th/17th.

During November and December both the British and Continental races
were represented among the specimens taken at St. Catherine’s Light.

On the west coast numerous records were received from the light-
stations on the Isle.of Man, the Welsh Skerries, Bardsey Island and the
coasts of Pembroke and N. Devon. Very little evidence was, however,
forthcoming as to the direction the birds were taking; in one or two
instances the flight was said to have been to the west or to the south,
but as the observations were all made at night too much reliance cannot
be placed on them. It is not improbable that both may be true and that
on this coast we have to deal with both emigratory movements across
the Irish Sea and southward coasting movements. If the time of arrival
ut the different stations is of any value, these perhaps point to a south-
ward movement on one or two occasions.

From the 13th to the 16th of September there was a considerable
movement past the Welsh Skerries, and birds remained on the rocks for
two or three days, while others passed on the 24th/25th. A movement
was also recorded on the 15th/16th off the Pembrokeshire coast, but with
these exceptions, no other migration was observed until mid-October.
On the 12/18th and 16th/17th of this month Thrushes were passing the
Isle of Man and on the 19th the winter residents were recorded as having
arrived in the island. Great numbers passed the island again on the
21st/22nd, and small numbers were noted at Bardsey on the 25th/26th
and off the Pembroke coast on the 27th/28th, while Lundy Island was
full of Song-Thrushes from the 28th to the 3lst. The largest movement,
however, occurred from the 4th to the 14th of November ; the numbers
were very large and records were received from several lights on the
same night, pointing to a universal movement over a considerable area.
It will be noted also that this movement corresponded almost exactly
with the main departure movement from the south coast. Similar
corresponding movements were noted from the Welsh and south coast
lights between the 9th and 16th of December, the greatest number being
noted at the Bardsey and Pembroke Lights on the 12th/18th.

The ereat paucity of observations on this species by our inland
observers must be referred to; it does not seem to be generally realised
that the Song-Thrush is a very active migrant.

THE REDWING (Turdus tliacus).

The earliest records of an immigratory movement were received from
Fair Isle (Shetland) and the Isle of May (Fife) on September the 25th
and from the south coast of Yorkshire on the following day. On the
28th large numbers of Redwings arrived on the Isle of May, where they
only remained for a short period. No further arrivals were recorded
until the 10th of October, when enormous flocks were observed arriving

203

all day at the Isle of May, and small numbers were again noted on the
south coast of Yorkshire, where an immigration of considerable numbers
also occurred on the following day. Many of these birds immediately
passed on to the south, and all had gone by the 12th. A week later,
between the 17th and 19th, an immigration of very large dimensions
occurred, vast numbers being recorded from the Flannan Isles (Outer
Hebrides), Fair Isle, Tarbatness (Moray Firth), the Isle of May and the
south coast of Yorkshire. On the 22nd small flocks travelling west were
seen in Suffolk, and on the 23rd the first Redwings arrived in Mull, being
reported also on the same night from Skerryvore (Inner Hebrides), On
the 26th a further large immigration, which passed on during that night,
occurred on the south coast of Yorkshire, and on the same day a small
flock was observed flying south-west in Kent. Migrating parties were
heard passing in Hertfordshire each evening from the 29th to the 31st,
large numbers were present on Lundy Island (N. Devon) from the 28th
to the 31st, and on the latter date many had arrived in Staffordshire.

During the first five days of November considerable movements were
again in progress not only on the east coast, but on the west as well.
Large numbers were seen passing every day on the south coast of
Yorkshire, many being also recorded from Whitby Light on the 1st and
from Spurn Head Light on the night of the 4th ; on the Ist also a flock
of five or six hundred was seen flying south-west (in company with
Fieldfares) in south Yorkshire and numbers were seen flying south-west
in Kent, while on the 5th Redwings were arriving off the sea on the
Norfolk coast in a continuous stream up to 8.15 a.m.

From the Ist to the 6th thousands of Redwings were seen (presumably
passing), during sleet and snow, in west Ross-shire; between the same
dates they were noticed passing over Staflordshire in large numbers, while
many were reported from Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and Bishop Rock
Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 4th/Sth and thousands from the former
light on the following night. On the 15th several flocks were again seen
arriving from the north in Staffordshire and at night numbers occurred
at Bardsey Light.

Movements either of a westward coasting or a direct emigratory
character were recorded from several of the south coast lights during
November, small numbers being noted at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of
Wight) on the drd/4th, at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 6th/7th,
large numbers (apparently coming from the east) at; Dungeness (Kent)
and at St. Catherine’s Light on the 14th/15th, and small numbers again
at St. Catherine’s and the Eddystone on the 15th/16th, and at the
latter light on the 19th/20th.

A few birds also occurred at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on November
the 16th/17th and 19th/20th.

In December dozens were reported at St. Catherine’s Light and large
numbers at Bardsey Light on the 11th/12th, while at the Eddystone
Light a few were noticed on the 13th/14th, and large numbers on the
15th/16th and 16th/17th.

02

204

THE FIELDFARE (Turdus pilaris).

The first Fieldfares appear to have arrived in Northumberland on the
11th of October, and these were followed by a few more on the 16th and
a large influx on the 17th. On the two latter dates arrivals were also
recorded at Tarbatness Light {Moray Firth) and at the Isle of May (Fife),
while on the 18th/19th considerable numbers occurred at the Flannan
Isles Light (Outer Hebrides), Suleskerry Light (Orkney) and on Fair
Isle (Shetland). During the third week of that month a few were passing
on the south coast of Yorkshire, migrating flocks were noticed in
Hampshire so early as the 13th, large numbers arrived in Cumberland on
the 25th and 28th, on which latter date flocks were also seen flying west
in Suffolk. Fieldfares arrived in Staffordshire in large numbers on the
29th and were abundant on Lundy Island from the 28th to the 31st,
while on the 30th a large flock was seen flying south-east in Mull
(Argyll).

During the first ten days of November considerable further arrivals
took place, on the Yorkshire coast on the Ist, 3rd and 5th, on the Norfolk
coast on the 5th, in Northumberland on the 9th and in Suffolk on the
Yth and 10th.

On the west side, thousands were seen in west Ross-shire (pre-
sumably passing) in sleet and snow during the first six days cf November,
many were reported from Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the
4th/5th and several from Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 5th/6th,
while on the 4th and 6th large numbers passed through Wiltshire. On
the 12th large flocks appeared in Dorsetshire, others were passing through
Lancashire on the 13th, and at night numbers were reported from Bardsey
Light. A few were seen coming in from the east at Dungeness Light
(Kent) on November the 14th/15th, but the species was not otherwise
reported from the south coast lights. A large flock was observed
at the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides) on the 18th.

In December the movements recorded were very small in number.
A good many Fieldfares were observed passing south through Oxford-
shire on the 5rd and 10th, and a few were seen at Bardsey Light on the
12th/13th and at Spurn Head Light on the 14th/15th.

THE BLACKBIRD (Turdus merula).

There was no record of any migratury movement until quite the end
of September, when a great many Blackbirds were observed at the Isle
of May (Fife) on the 28th, but all had departed by the 30th. A con-
siderable influx took place at Loch Awe (Argyll) on the 8th of October ;
at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (Essex) many were noted on the
night of the 10th/11th and from 11 a.M. to 1.30 P.M. on the 12th ; between
the 13th and the 1&th a few were observed at the Longsand Light-vessel

205

(Hssex) flying north, mostly during the day, and numbers were reported
from Dunrossness and Fair Isle (Shetland), Suleskerry (Orkney) and
Tarbatness (Moray).

On the south coast of Yorkshire large numbers appeared on the 11th,
19th and 26th of October and passed on the following days, mostly taking
a southward course. A further large arrival took place there on the
lst of November, and another on the 5th, on which date a few flying N.W.
were also observed at the Inner Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire).
On the night of the 4th/5th many were reported at the Spurn Head Light
and a few more were seen there on the 14th/15th. On the last-named
night a few were reported at Dungeness (Kent), apparently coming from
the east, and a single bird passed the Goodwin Light-vessel on the 21st
travelling west.

The records from the southern lights were very scanty. A few were
observed at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) on the 13th/14th of
September, and at St. Catherine’s Light on'the 2nd/3rd and the 15th/16th
of November.

The records from the western lights showed that migrations weve
numerous from October to December, but, as most of the records were
made at night, the direction of flight was not ascertained. The following
were the most important movements noted: Chicken Rock Light (Isle
of Man), great numbers on the 21st/22nd of October and between the 4th
and 9th of November, also afew on the 13th/J4th of November; Skerries
Light (Anglesey), a few on the 25th/26th of September; Bardsey Light
(Carnarvon), moderate numbers on the 25th/26th of October and great
numbers on the 4th/5th, 5th/6th and 13th/14th of November and the
12th/13th of December. On the night of the 5th/6th of November the birds
were described as being in ‘‘ thousands,” and those seen on the 12th/13th of
December appeared to be going south; South Bishop Light (Pembroke),
many on the 5th/6th of November and large numbers arriving apparently
from the east on the 12th/13th of December; Lundy Island Light
(Devon), large numbers on the island from the 28th to the 8lst of
October ; Longships Light (Cornwall), small flocks on the 9th/10th and
12th/183th of November; Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly), many on
the 4th/5th and 5th/6th of November.

Inland movements.—There was a large arrival in Wiltshire between the
Ist and 15th of August, followed by a decrease on the 16th and 19th; a
further increase took place on the 25th, and large numbers were observed
passing from the 14th to the 16th of October. A large increase was also
noted in Staffordshire on the 23rd of August.

THE RING-OUZEL (Turdus torquatus’.

Aug. 11th. Dartmoor (Devon), one seen.
28rd. _-\N. Staffordshire, still in breeding-haunts.

\

206

Aug. 24th. N. Staffordshire, all gone from breeding-haunts.
Sept. 1st/2nd. Eddystone Lt. (Cornwall), one killed.
= ord. N. Staffordshire, two passing.
» 6th/7th. Eddystone Lt., two.
sp 17th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived in the afternoon.
> 26th. Isle of May (Fife), a few arrived; S. Yorkshire coast,
four arrived.

P) ae a S. Yorkshire coast, one seen daily.

> 22th. Isle of May, numbers arrived.

+ 29th. Isle of May, all gone; Lincolnshire coast, one seen.
Oct. Ath. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived; Flannan Isles Lt.

(Outer Hebrides), some.

; 15th. N.E. Hampshire, one seen.

es 17th. Butt of Lewis Lt. (Outer Hebrides}, three killed.

1 18th. Isle of May, one passing; S. Yorkshire coast, one

arrived ; Tarbatness Lt. (Moray Firth), three lulled ;
Fair Isle (Shetland), several.

Nov. 4th. Pentland Skerries Lt. (Orkney,, one.

Dec. 18th. Fair Isle, one.

THE WHEATEAR (Sazicola enanthe).

Some of the resident Wheatears in the northern midland counties began
to move south at the end of July and a few were noted on passage at the
Isle of May (Fife) on the 28th; by the end of the first week in August
the movement had become general. The birds had mostly left the South
Downs by the 7th and a day later their places had been taken by
migrants. The local residents in 8. Yorkshire seem to have left on the
night of the 22nd. At intervals throughout the month passing migrants
were recorded from many localities in the midland and southern counties,
and the process of collecting in the neighbourhood of the south coast
was very marked from the second week onwards. From the 12th to the
end of the month a gradual accumulation took place on Hayling Island
(Hants), and though it is evident from other records that departures must
have taken place, the steady stream of arrivals exceeded the departures,
so that our observer at that station was only able to chronicle the
increase, and by the end of the month the numbers had reached
prodigious proportions. Large numbers appear to have arrived at the
Hampshire coast on the 18th and others were recorded from the
South Downs on the 22nd and 29th, at the Dorset coast on the 26th, and
in E. Kent on the 27th. There does not appear to have been any
increase further west than the Dorset coast until quite the end of the
month, In the meantime a certain amount of movement was noticed on
the west coast; a single bird was taken at the Flannan Island Light
(Outer Hebrides) on the 10th; a few were recorded from Bardsey Light
(Carnarvon) on the 14th/15th, amongst them being one at least of the

Greenland race, which would seem to be an unusually early record.
Hundreds passed Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) between 10 p.m. aud
dawn of the 17th/18th, six were taken at Sule Skerry Light (Orkney)
on the 19th, and an increase in numbers was noted in the Isle of Man on
the 22nd. During this period no records were received from any of the
eastern counties until large numbers arrived in HE. Kent on the 27th.

The earliest departure of migrants from the south coast was recorded
from Sussex on the 14th of August; this was followed by departures
from Kent and Hampshire on the 26th/27th recorded at the S. Foreland
and St. Catherine’s Lights, from the Isle of Wight again on the 27th/28th
and 29th/30th, and from KH. Kent on (probably the nights of) the 28th,
29th and 30th.

During September the passage of migrants in small numbers con-
tinued throughout the midland counties, with a corresponding accu-
mulation along the south coast, the movement being more apparent
to the west of Dorset than during August. Small numbers continued
to pass down the west coast, being noted on the Isle of Man on
the 5th, 12th, 20th, 23rd and 26th, and at Chicken Rock Light
on the 10th/11th, as well as at the Skerries on the 13th/l14th and
14th and at Bardsey Island on the 16th/17th. The arrival of migrants
and their passage down the east coast appears to have commenced about
the second week of the month; a few arrived on the south coast of
Yorkshire on the 9th and larger numbers on the 12th, these gradually
passing on during the next three days. Large numbers passed the
Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the
Thames) on the 10th/11th, and two were seen from the Smith’s Knoll
Light-vessel (Norfolk) on the morning of the 12th, when an arrival was
also noted on the north coast of Norfolk, where others were seen passing
on the 18th and 15th. On the 16th there were simultaneous arrivals on
the coasts of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and Kent. The York-
shire birds gradually passed on during the next two days, and after the
18th the passage of a few birds was noted daily, while on the 18th/1?th
one was taken at Whitby Light. The Norfolk birds passed on at once
and were followed by others on the 18th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd and 28th,
when six were seen flying W. at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel; a few
were noted passing S.W. in mid-Suffolk from the 2Ist to the 28rd.
Emigration from the south coast was almost continuous during September.
The main departure of the Hayling Island birds began at dawn on the
3rd, when they were seen leaving to the S.W. against the wind ;
between the 4th and 11th continuous arrivals and departures took
place in that area, the arrivals practically ceasing on the latter date,
while the departures continued for two days longer. Other emigrations
took place from the Devonshire and Cornish coasts on the nights of the
1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, 17th, 19th, 25th and 28th, but with the
exception of the 25th the numbers recorded were small; from the

208

Dorset coast on the Ist, 23rd and 24th (large numbers on the last two
lates) ; and from the Isle of Wight on the nights of the 7th, 10th, 12th,
15th, 16th and 20th, as well as during the day on the 14th, when the
numbers were very large, the night movements at this station being com-
paratively small. From the Sussex coast small emigrations took place on
the 5th, 17th/18th and 19th, and from the Kent coast between the 16th
and 20th. After the 25th of September the records indicate that the
bulk of the Wheatears had departed and refer to stragglers only; the
records came from widely separated localities, the only ones showing
any continuity being those from the east coast, where the movements of
small numbers were reported up to the 21st of October. The latest record
from the English lights noted four seen flying towards the Norfolk coast
at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel on the 5th, though further north Wheatears
occurred at the Isle of May on the 7th, Fair Isle on the 12th, the Butt
of Lewis on the 17th, and the Flannans on tlie 31st.

In addition to the early record from Bardsey already referred to,
Greenland W heatears were also noted on passage at Dunnet Head (Caith-
ness) on August the 30th, at the Mull of Galloway on September the
12th, at St. Catherine’s Light on September the 16th/17th. in W. Kent
on September the 16th, 17th and 18th, at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on
the 18th/19th, at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 20th, 26th and October
22nd, at Smalls Light (Pembroke) on September the 21st/22nd, at the
Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the 24th/25th, and on Fair Isle on thirteen
dates hetween September the 28th and October the 16th.

THE WHINCHAT (Pratincola rubetra).

Between July the 28th and August the 8rd Whinchats were reported
as leaving their breeding-quarters in Northumberland and moying into
the river valleys, and the species was last seen in N. Staffordshire on the
dlst of July. Others were observed on migration in Hast Fife on the
18th and at Fair Isle on the 25th of August; they were passing through
KE. Kent in moderate numbers during the Jatter half of the month, while
a great influx noted in Thanet on the 27th had passed on by the 30th.
During September the last Whinchat was seen in Cumberland on the
2nd and in N. Cheshire on the 5th; the local birds left S. Staffordshire
between the 5th and 12th, though migrants continued to pass through
up to the 19th; the Shropshire birds left about the 11th, and the last ones
were seen in HK. Ross-shire on the 17th and in mid- Yorkshire and North-
amptonshire on the 19th. On the east coast one was seen on the Isle of
May (Fife) on the 14th; from the 10th to the 18th small parties of
Whinchats were passing down the Yorkshire coast, where a larger
number passed south on the 22nd, being followed by stragglers daily
until the 29th. On the Norfolk coast stragglers were reported with
other migrants on the Ist, 8th, 11th, 13th, 16th, 17th and 23rd, all passing

209

quickly on, while several were noted passing in mid-Suffolk on the 21st,
and in K. Kent on the 11th, 12th and 26th. A few birds on passage were
also recorded during the month in other south-eastern counties. Beyond
the emigration noted in E. Kent at the end of August there is very little
more that can be said on that point; small flocks were noted as passing
ou Hayling Island (Hants) on September the 8th and 9th, pointing to an
emigration about those dates, and many occurred at Anvil Point Light
(Dorset) on the night of the 15th. On the 20th there seems to have
been a further departure from the Dorset coast, and the E. Kent records
already mentioned probably indicate departures of small numbers from
that area between the 11th and 26th. Another small flock was recorded
from Hayling Island on October the 6th.

THE STONECHAT (Pratincola rubicola).

A few records of movements of this species were received, but there is
nothing to indicate that they were otherwise than of a local character.
A decrease was noted in the locally bred birds on the South Downs
(Sussex) on August the 25rd, an increase was reported in the New Forest
district of Hampshire on September 19th, and on the 21st, 22nd, 25th
and 26th single passing birds were recorded from noun- breeding areas in
Ki, Kent. During October a few birds were noted passing south on the
south coast of Yorkshire on the Ist and 7th, while two or three birds
which had just arrived were noted there on the 14th and 19th. On the
19th of September a single bird appeared on the Isle of May (Fite).

THE REDSTART (Ruticilla pheenicurus).

Redstarts began to leave their summer-haunts early in August, an
observer in Cardigan reporting the departure of the resident-birds from
his neighbourhood during the first week vf the month. The observations
show that they were collecting and joining in with flocks of Willow-
Warblers in Cumberland on the 5th, and that the main hody left that
county on the 21st. On the 25th a movement was noticed on the coast
of Fife; on the 28th there was a considerable decrease in Staffordshire,
and passing birds were noted at the Isle of May and in Sussex, and on
the night of the 27th/28th several were seen at St. Catherine’s Light
(Isle of Wight).

On the 4th of September small parties were moving through Sussex,
and from the 11th to the 2lst they were passing down the coasts of
South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Kent in large
numbers. Many were reported at Anvil Point Light (Dorset) on the
15th/16th, and hundreds at St. Catherine’s Light on the 16th/17th, on
which date a few were also noted at Hanois Light (Guernsey). On the
following night a few were again recorded at St. Catherine’s Licht, a
large number at Anvil Point Light, and a moderate number at the

210

Kentish Knock Light-vessel. After that, with the exception of a few
seen at St. Catherine’s Light on the 20th/2Ist, there were no further
records of any importance. Single birds were observed on Fair Isle, on
the Isle of May, in Yorkshire and in Northamptonshire in the first week
of October.

THE BLACK REDSTART (Ruticilla titys).

Oct. = 4th. Fair Isle, one seen.
Noy. 13th. S.E. Suffolk, one seen.

THE BLUETHROAT (Cyanecula suecica).
Sept. 11th. N. Norfolk coast, five arvived.

- 13th. S. Yorkshire coast, two arrived; N. Norfolk coast,
one.

25 14th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived; N. Norfolk coast,
none.

., loth & 16th. N. Norfoik coast, one seen each day.
5 17th. Isle of May, one arrived.

a 18th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived; N. Norfolk coast,
three.
5 20th. N. Norfolk coast, one.

» 25th& 28th.S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived each day.

THE REDBREAST (L£rithacus rubecula).

Sept. Ist. Isle of Man, winter residents arrived.
- 10th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), a few.
11th. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived with Redstarts &e.
» lith/12th. Chicken Rock Lt., two.
Pot heto

Oct. 15th. Mid-Sussex, large temporary increase.

» 16th/17th. Hartland Pt. Lt. (N. Devon), St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle
of Wight) and Owers Lt.-v. (Sussex), a few.
», 17th, 18th,
24th & 26th.
29th. Isle of May (Fife), a good many arrived; S. Yorkshire
coast, one arrived.
5 30th. S. Yorkshire coast, three arrived.
Oct. Ist, 2nd
& 8th.
bs 3lst. Owers Lt.-v., six flying south.
Dec. 11th/12th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one taken.

N.B.—AI] those observed arriving on the 8, Yorkshire coast belonged
to the Continental race, as also the bird taken at St. Catherine’s Light
on Dee. 11th/12th, while those taken at that light on Sept. 16th/17th
were of the British race.

S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived each day.

9

S. Yorkshire coast, one or two fresh arrivals each day.

211 -

THE BLACKCAP (Sylvia atricapilla).
Aug. 16th. Hertfordshire, last local resident seen.

9
ss 24th to Fair Isle, a few.

Oct. 4th.
Sept. 3rd. W. Kent, a decrease noted; 8. Devonshire, two or
three passing.
op oth. S. Devonshire, one seen.
1 9th. S.E. Surrey, one passing.

» 9th/10th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one.
», 9th to 14th. S. Yorkshire coast, none seen.

2th/13 .
» 12th/13th St. Catherine’s Lt., several.

& 16th/17th.

13th. Isle of May (Hife), one arrived.

5 15th. S. Yorkshire, coast, une passing.

a 17th. W. Kent, main departure of local residents noted ; Isle

of May, one arrived.

» 17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt., a few.

55 18th. W. Kent, last seen ; Isle of May, a further arrival.

» 24th & 25th. S. Devonshire, one (last) seen.

» 2oth/26th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one.

5 28th. Isle of May, many arrived.
Oct. 8th. S. Yorkshire coast, ove passing.

» lOth/llth. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the

mouth of the Thames), several.

11th/12th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., a few; St. Catherine’s Lt., one.
, 16th/17th. Isle of May Lt., one.
», 18th & 19th. Isle of May and 8. Yorkshire coast, one passing each day.
», 24th/25th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one.

”

THE GARDEN-WARBLER (Sylvia hortensis).

_ The earliest recorded movement was from the Isle of May (Iife), on
August the 5th. Our summer residents began to move south shortly
after the middle cf the month: a few were noted at Bardsey Light
(Carnarvon) on the 14th/15th, some were seen up to the 25th in Radnor
and the 26th in N. Staffordshire, while the majority of the local residents
left W. Kent about the 23rd, and small numbers of emigrants were
noted at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 26th/27th and
27th/28th.

Emigration was in progress throughout September: many were noted
passing in N. Someiset on the 14th, 15th and 16th, the largest numbers
being seen on the 16th, while at St. Catherine’s Light emigrants were
reported on the 9th/10th, 15th/16th, 16th/17th, 17th/18th and 20th/2Ist,
the majority passing between the 15th and 18th. A single bird was also
taken at that light on October the 9th/10th.

The remaining records relate to the passage of migrants down the

212

east coast, where the first bird was noted in N. Norfolk on September 8th,
followed by a second on the 13th; the following day two were seen on
the S. coast of Yorkshire, and on the 16th several more were seen there
as well as on the adjoining coast of Lincolnshire and the N. coast of
Norfolk. On the 17th several arrived on the Isle of May (Fife), after
which date there was apparently a lull until the 20th, when further
urrivals took place in 8. Yorkshire, and passing quickly on, were followed
by others on the afternoon of the 23rd, when a further arrival was also
reported from N. Norfolk. From the 25th to the 29th a considerable
passage was noted at the Isle of May, the largest numbers passing on the
25th and 28th, while between thore dates stragelers only were seen in
S. Yorkshire and no records were received from Norfolk. The last two
birds were seen on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 30th, but stragglers
were taken at Fair Isle (Shetland) on Octuber the 11th and at the
Isle of May Light on October the 16th/17th.

THE WHITETHROAT (Sylvia cinerea).

The inland records do not tend to throw very much light on the
emigration of this species. The movement appears to have commenced
about the first week of August, as a decrease was noticed in Northumber-
land and Warwickshire on the 8th, in Lancashire on the 9th and in
Staffordshire on the 10th. The autumn passage commenced at the
Isle of May (Fife) on the 15th and an increase was noted in Wiltshire
on the 3lst. On the nights of the 25th to the 28th (inclusive) several
were recorded from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight).

In September a further decrease took place in Warwickshire on the
2nd and in Kent on the 6th, 10th and 11th. An observer in Wiltshire
reported Whitethroats as being very numerous between ihe Ist and 4th,
and in large numbers in turnip-fields between the 6th and 8th, but all
had gone on the Stn. Between the 11th and 27th twenty-five reports
were received from nine lights on the west and south coasts, the largest
movements taking place at Bardsey Island and Lundy Island on the
\4th/15th, at Anvil Point and St. Catherine’s on the 15th/16th, at
St. Catherine’s on the 16th/17th, and at Anvil Point and St. Catherine’s
on the 17th/18th. Large numbers were also recorded from the Isle of
May on the 24th, where the last one was seen on the 27th, while single
birds were noted in Kent and Northamptonshire on the 2nd and 20th of
October.

THE LESSER WHITETHROAT (Sylvia curruca).

There is evidence that some of our summer-residents began to move
south early in the second week of August; thus the majority of the local
birds left W. Warwickshire on the 8th, though in the eastern part
of the country they appear to have remained until some ten days later,

213

while single passing migrants were noted at intervals up to the 19th of
September. On the Sussex coast also a number of birds on passage
arrived as early as the 9th of August and passed quickly on,

During the first week in September many local birds left W. Kent,
whence they had practically all departed by the 18th, stragglers being
noted both in that district and in EH. Kent up to the 19th and on the
Sussex cvast up to the 22nd. From the light returns it was evident that
the main departure took place between the 16th and 18th; on the first
night comparatively small numbers were recorded from the Sussex and
Hampshire lights, but on the following night very large numbers were
reported from both these and the Dorset Lights. Single birds were seen
in Staffordshire on the 12th, in Shropshire on the 15th and in Surrey on
the 19th.

Down the east coast small numbers were noted on passage between
September the 8th and the end of the month, several arrived on the
Isle of May (Fife) on the 16th and 24th, while single birds were noted
there on the 17th, 22nd, 26th, 28th, 29th and 30th. On the south coast
of Yorkshire single birds were seen on the 12th, 20th and 24th, and on
the N. coast of Norfolk on the 8th, 14th and 16th, while a strageler
was seen as late as the 27th of October on the 8S. coast of Yorkshire.

THE BARRED WARBLER (Sylvia nisoria).
Sept. 13th. Isle of May (Fife), one.

THE CHIFFCHAFF (Phylloscopus rufus).

The first decided emigratory movement recorded was during the first
ten days of September, when Chiffchatts were reported as passing through
Somerset and Hampshire on the 3rd, 6th and 10th; on the nights of the
12th/13th and 14th/15th large numbers were observed at Bardsey
(Carnarvon) and Lundy Island (Devon) Lights, and in smaller numbers
at St. Catherine’s (Isle of Wight) and the Skerries (Anglesey) ; a large
temporary increase was recorded in Somerset on the 15th, and in Hamp-
shire on the following day. These were followed by a large mevement
noted at the lights on the 16th/17th and 17th/18th of September, when
ereat numbers were reported at the lights at Flatholm (Glamorgan),
Anyil Point (Dorset) and St. Catherine’s and a few at Bardsey (Car-
narvon) and Owers (Sussex).

The main body of Chiffchaffs had now apparently left the country, as
only a few were recorded at the Dorset, Hants and Sussex Lights on the
nights of the 18th to the 23rd (inclusive), the last lighthouse record
being a single bird at St. Catherine’s on the 26th/27th. Inland observers
afier the last-named date reported stragglers up to the end of the first
week in October.

214

THE WILLOW-WARBLER (Lhylloscopus trochilus).

The southward movement began early in August, for during the first
fortnight the local birds were leaving Mull (Argyll), and an observer in
Cumberland reported the arrival of small flocks of Willow- Warblers on
the 3rd; between the 7th and 21st a decrease in their numbers was
noted in Northumberland, Warwickshire and Staffordshire, while a
passing increase was observed in Shropshire. During this period
numbers arrived and passed on through Kent and Sussex, a further
passing movement being noted in the former county between the 25th
and the 28th. On the 20th one was taken at the Bass Rock Light
(Haddington), and others occurred there on the following day.

During the first half of September Willow-Warblers were passing
through Somerset and Devonshire in some numbers. On the nights of
the 14th/15th, 15th/16th, 16th/17th and 17th/18th great numbers of
migrants were noted at the lights at Bardsey (Carnarvon), Flatholm
(Glamorgan), Anvil Point (Dorset) and St. Catherine’s (Isle of Wight).

In Yorkshire (both on the south coast as well as in the south-west of
the county) marked waves uf migration took place between the 18th and
26th, during which period birds were also noted as passing through
Surrey. A decrease in Sussex was observed on the 26th, on which date
a good many were reported from the Isle of May, but these passed on
two days later.

Stragglers were recorded in the counties of Warwickshire, Somerset
and Dorset during the first half of October, and one was observed on
the Isle of May as late as the 18th.

Among a large arrival of Willow-Warblers on the south coast of
Yorkshire on the 24th of September there occurred one specimen at least
of the northern form, P. trochilus eversmannt.

THE YELLOW-BROWED WARBLER (Phylloscopus superciliosus).

At least ten different individuals were noted on the Isle of May
(Fife) ; single birds were seen on September 16th, 24th, 25th and 80th
and on October the 24th, while two were seen on September 26th and
©8th and three on October the 27th. Single birds were also recorded
from the east Ross-shire coast on September 25rd and 27th, four from
Fair Isle between the 28th of October and the 4th of November, and one
was shot on the north coast of Lincolnshire on October the 12th.

THE WOOD-WARBLER (Phylloscopus sibilatri).

Aug. Ist. W. Radnorshire, about a dozen seen.
6th. W. Kent, a family party passing.
‘ 24th. W. Kent, one passing.
es 25th. W. Kent, one still in breeding-haunt.

Sept. 5th. S. Devonshire, one passing.

205

THE REED-WARBLER (Acrocephalus streperus).

Sept. Ath. Mid-Cheshire, several, last seen.
% 15th. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived.
14th. S. Staffordshire, three or four, last seen.
» 20th/2Ist. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one.

. 23rd. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived.
+ 30th. S. Yorkshire coast, one passing.
Oct. 6th. Outer Dowsing Lt.-y. (Lincolnshire), four on board at
8 A.M.
3 27th. S. Yorkshire coast, one passing.

THE AQUATIC WARBLER (Acrocephalus aquaticus).

Sept. 17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a young male taken
between 10.30 p.m. and 4 a.m.

THE SEDGE-WARBLER (Aerocephalus phragmitis).

The returns from our inland observers concerning this species were so
meagre that they give no definite information. The first movement
was indicated by the occurrence of a single bird at the Isle of May Light
(Fife) on the 15th of August and a few birds at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon)
on the 18th/19th, while a week later the returns from the south coast
lights clearly showed that emigration had begun. The records came from
the S. Foreland Light (Kent) on the 25th/26th and from St. Catherine’s
Light (Isle of Wight) on that and the two following nights, the numbers
observed being, however, in each case quite small. During September
emigration was almost continuous between the 9th and 27th, being noted
at one or more of the lights along the south coast from the S. Foreland
in Kent to the Eddystone off Cornwall on the 9th/10th, nightly from the
12th to the 18th and from the 20th to the 24th, as well as on the
26th/27th. Up to the 15th the numbers were quite small, and it is clear
that the largest number of Sedge-Warblers left our shores between the
15th and 18th of September.

From the west coast a few records were received from the light-
stations between Carnarvonshire and N. Devon; the numbers in every
instance were, however, small and the movements represented were
probably of a coasting nature. Although returns were not received from
more than one station on a single night, it is perhaps of some significance
that the birds invariably arrived early in the night at the more northern
stations and considerably later at the more southern ones. In the
majority of cases these movements did mot coincide with any recorded
movement from the south coast. The returns from the east coast were
very scanty, a few Sedge-Warblers being noted at Withernsea Light
(Yorks) on September the 14th/l5th and single birds on passage on the
S. coast of Yorkshire on the 20th, 24th and 25th.

9

216

THE GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER (Locustella nevia).

Ist.

92nd.

Sept. 16th/17th.

7

Nov.

Oct.

”

”

”

Oct.

17th/18th.

S.E. Dorset, about six seen; Northumberland, last
heard.

S.E. Dorset, all gone.

St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few between
midnight and 4.30 a.m.

Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), a great many between mid-
night and 4 a.m.

THE LANCEOLATED WARBLER (Zocnstella lanceolata).

18th.

N. Lincolnshire coast, one obtained.

THE HEDGE-SPARROW (Accentor modularis).
Sept. 27th.

Ist.
Sth.

Isle of May (Fife), two arrived.
S. Yorkshire coast, a very few arrived.
S. Yorkshire ceast, a few more arrived.

THE GOLDEN-CRESTED WREN (Regulus cristatus).
Sept. 24th.

25th/26th.
28th.
18th.
19th,
22nd.
25th.

97th.
30th.
Ist.

ond,
ord/4th.
4th/5th.

Sth to 22nd.
15th/16th.
30th.

Isle of May (Fife), one arrived.

Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one.

Fair Isle (Shetland), numbers.

Isle of May, one arrived.

S. Yorkshire coast, first arrival noted, one or two only.

S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived.

S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived; N.W. Lancashire. a
few fresh arrivals, which passed on the same day,
taking the local birds with them.

S. Yorkshire coast, two arrived.

N.W. Lancashire, fresh arrivals, which remained.

S. Yorkshire coast, large numbers arrived; Kentish
Knock Lt.-y. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of
the Thames), several seen on board.

S. Yorkshire coast, many seen.

Spurn Lt. (Yorkshire), one at 9 p.m.

Spurn Lt., one; Bishop Rock Lt. (Isles of Scilly), one
or two at 5 A.M.

S.E. Dorset, a considerable increase.

Kddystone Lt. (Cornwall), one at 2 a.m.

Loch Awe (Argyll), numbers.

N.B.—Birds obtained on the S. Yorkshire coast belonged to the

Continental race,

217

THE FIRE-CRESTED WREN (Regulus tgnicapillis).

Oct. 17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a male taken at
midnight.

THE WREN (Troglodytes parvulus).

Sept. 21st. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived.
22nd. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived.
25th. S. Yorkshire coast, three arrived.
29th. Isle of May (Fife), two passing.

3 30th. S. Yorkshire coast, further arrival.

2)
gp ANNO ee S. Yorkshire coast, from one to three seen daily.

Oct. 18th.
Oct. | 19th. S. Yorkshire coast, great increase.
* 20th. S. Yorkshire coast, decrease.
» 25th. S. Yorkshire coast, increase.
26th. S. Yorkshire coast, decrease.

THE PIED WAGTAIL (Motacilla lugubris).

The migration of this species appears to have commenced with the
arrival of immense flocks on the night of the 19th of July, at Hayling
Island (Hampshire), where they remained for a day and departed during
the night, only a few stragglers being left. Similar arrivals and
departures were noted in the same locality from the 11th of August
until the end of the month, the flocks arriving daily from the N.W.
(more rarely from the N.E.) and after remaining a day or two departing
to the S.W.

In N.E. Norfolk numbers arrived on the evening of the 28th of July
and came iu nightly to roost at the same time and place until the 21st of
August, after which date they departed.

On the Lancashire coast there was also a well-marked movement
during August, a gradual increase being noted between the 17th and
27th, while on the 28th many small parties were seen, which were
ereatly augmented on the following day. Nearly the whole of these left
on the 30th and 3lst. On the 22nd a flock of a hundred or more was
reported flying south at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) at 8.30 a.m. At the
end of the month large influxes were noted at York and in E. Sussex.
During September a considerable migration passed throuch the Isle of
Man, on the Ist a flock of 40 was seen flying W., large numbers arrived
on the 5th and stayed until the 11th, while a few occurred at Chicken
Rock Light on the 10th/I1th; others arrived on the 20th, followed by
larger numbers on the 25th and these departed on the following day.
On the 26th a large flock, that had been resident in S. Denbigh
since August 15th, left, and an increase was noted on the Lancashire

Pp

218

coast, where the birds remained for one day only. On the 9th several
were seen at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and on the 14th/t5th at Hartland
Point Light (N. Devon).

On the east coast there was very little evidence of migration during
September, a few odd birds were seen on the S. coast of Yorkshire
during the latter half of the month, but there was no indication that
they were really migrating. From the neighbourhood of the south
coast there was evidence of considerable emigration throughout the
month: on the Ist large numbers arrived in S.W. Hampshire and an
emigratory movement was noticed that night at the Eddystone Light;
from the 2nd to the 24th large flocks were seen on the coast of
W. Dorset, fresh arrivals being noted on the 10th and 20th, while large
flocks arrived in E. Surrey on the 11th and in N.E. Sussex on the 21st,
and smaller ones in Somerset on the 22nd and 26th. Further emigrations
were noted at the Eddystone on every night from the 17th to the 26th
and on the 29th/50th.

During October very little migration was noticed: the southward
passage of very small numbers was noticed on eleven days between the
6th and 27th from the 8. coast of Yorkshire, a large flock that had been
resident in Leicestershire for some time left on the 4th, while a con-
siderable increase took place on the Ist on the Lancashire coast, where
the birds remained until the 6th, leaving behind them *he usual winter
population, which afterwards remained constant.

THE WHITE WAGTAIL (Motacilla alba).

Aug. Ist. Isle of Man, south coast, a small party seen.
, 10th & 21th. Isle of Man, south coast, several scattered parties,
abundant.
° 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), many flocks passing at 5 P.M.
19th. Isle of Man, south coast, few.
3 20th. Hampshire coast, one seen,
Be 21st. E. Fife, passing.
y g2nd. _—Isle of Man, south coast, large increase.
oF 25rd. Isle of Man, south coast, decrease.
53 27th. Isle of Man, south coast, slight increase, which
remained until the 22th.
53 29th. Lerwick (Shetland), passing.
Sept. 3rd. Tiree (Argyll), passing.

5th. Flannans (Outer Hebrides), passing.
14th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived.
55 25th. Isle of May, several arrived.
,, 26th & 27th. Isle of May, two seen each day.
Oct. 24th. Surrey, one seen,

+P)

)

219

THE GREY WAGTAIL (Motacilla melanope).

Grey Wagtails arrived at their winter-quarters in the eastern and
southern counties in mid-September : first arrivals were reported from
Surrey on the 11th, from E. Kent and Sussex on the 16th, and from
Bedfordshire and W. Kent on the 18th, after which date they were
numerous in their winter-quarters in Kent, although migrants were
apparently still passing through up till the 10th of October. Winter-
residents were reported as having arrived in Leicestershire at the end of
September, but were not reported from the Isle of Man until the 17th
of October, nor from Somerset until the 26th.

A single bird arrived on the Isle of May on the 21st of September and
one was seen on southward passage on the 8. Yorkshire coast as late as
the 19th of October.

YELLOW WAGTAIL (Motacilla rai).

The first indication of the autumn-migration was a straggling south-
ward movement along the Lancashire coast, which commenced on the
11th of August. During the next twelve days single birds were noticed
passing in W. Kent, and after the middle of the month a gradual and
considerable increase was noted in EH. Kent. A movement to the east
was noticed in the New Forest district of Hampshire on the 19th, and
records were received of the assemblage of considerable flocks in Stafford-
shire, Shropshire, Somerset and S. Devon between the 24th and 30th ;
the Shropshire birds appear tu have departed on the 3lst, while a
considerable number seem to have left Somerset on the same day,
though no diminution was noticed in 8. Staffordshire until the 17th of
September. Similar flocking was observed in Cheshire on the 4th
of September and in mid-Staffordshire on the 5th, on which date the
Cheshire birds departed. Passing birds were noted in Shropshire on
various dates up to the 15th, in Somerset daily up to the 14th; a single
bird was taken at the S. Bishop Light (Pembroke) on the 15th/16th,
and a considerable number passed through S. Staffurdshire on the 20th,
followed by a few more on the 28th and 29th.

On the east coast large numbers were seen passing in 8.E. Suffolk on
the 24th, and a single one as late as the 20th on the S. coast of York-
shire. In Bedfordshire they were still numerous on the 19th.

On the south coast the flocks which assembled in S. Devon aé the end
of August appear to have left on the 3rd of September, considerable
flocks were seen on the Dorset coast from the 2nd to the 15th, and the
species was plentiful in E. Kent up to the 8th. Emigration evidently
took place from the whole of the south coast at intervals throughout the
month, the greatest numbers undoubtedly leaving between the 13th and
18th, after which date only stragglers remained and nearly all these left
the country from the coast of Kent.

RZ

220

THE BLUE-HEADED WAGTAIL (Motacilla flava).
Sept. 12th. S.E. Essex, a family party seen.

THE TREE-PIPIT (Anthus trivialis).

Tree-Pipits began to move south early in August; between the 3rd
and the 8th all the local birds left W. Warwickshire, the last was seen
in N. Staffordshire on the 13th and nearly all had left the south of the
county before the end of the month. Migrants were seen passing
through S8.E. Kent from the 12th to the 26th and several occurred at
St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 25th/26th. It seems
probable that the greatest number left the south coast on the nights of
the 15th and 16th of September, when moderate numbers were recorded
at Catherine’s Light ; a single bird was taken at that light on the night
of the 14th. Birds passing singly were noted in W. Kent on the 4th,
9th, 11th, 16th and 19th, in S. Staffordshire on the 14th and 15th,
small flocks in Hertfordshire and Somerset on the 16th and 26th, and
numbers at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 28th.

On the east coast several Tree-Pipits arrived on the N. coast of
Norfolk on the 23rd of September, and on the 24th others arrived on the
Isle of May (Fife) and remained there until the 27th. ‘Two passed the
Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk) on the 1st of October; a single
bird was seen on the 13th on the Isle of May, where several more arrived
on the 17th.

THE MEADOW-PIPIT (Anthus pratensis).

The movements of this species, with the exception of those on the east
coast, were but scantily reported. Definite movements were noticed in
Mull (Argyll) on the 5th of September and in the Isle of Man on the
5th, 11th and 22nd; at the latter place the birds appear to have been
travelling mainly to the S.W. Large movements were recorded at the
Butt of Lewis and the Flannans (Outer Hebrides) on the 19th and 20th,
while flocks were seen in Oxfordshire on the 18th and in Shropshire on
October the Ist. On the 26th another movement was noticed at the
Butt of Lewis and on the 31st in the Isle of Man; on October the 16th
and 18th large numbers were recorded from Fair Isle and the Butt of
Lewis; a single bird occurred at the 8S. Bishop Light (Pembroke) on
November the 4th/5th. On the following night many were seen at
Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly), while in the middle of the month an
increase was noted in Somersetshire.

The very complete returns from the south coast of Yorkshire show
that Meadow-Pipits were arriving there from the north and passing south
almost daily between the 11th of September and the 25rd of October,

221

the largest numbers being observed on October the 6th, 7th and 8th, on
which days many flocks passed south. After the 19th stragglers only
were seen. An increase was also noted in E. Kent on the 14th of
September, a good many arrived on the N. coast of Norfolk on the 23rd,
and small numbers occurred at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel
(Norfolk) and the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincoln) on the 8th/9th
and 10th/11th of October respectively, while a few were observed flying
N.W. at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel on the 12th.

Emigration of small numbers was noted at Anvil Point Light (Dorset)
on the 16th/17th of September, at the S. Foreland Light (Kent) on the
23rd/24th and at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 26th/27th.

THE ROCK-PIPIT (Anthus obscurus).

Sept. 21st. S. Yorkshire coast, nine passing south.
yA 28th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived.
ee S. Yorkshire coast, five or six seen dail
Oct. 6th. y y:
Qct. 6th. S. Yorkshire coast, three or four passing south.
i 12th. N. Lincolnshire coast, a few coming in from over
the sea.

THE GOLDEN ORIOLE (Orielus galbula).
Aug. 19th. Cley, Norfolk, young male shot.

THE GREAT GREY SHRIKE (Lanius excubiter),

Sept. 27th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived.
Oct. 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one.

THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE (Lanius celluiio).

July 24th. EK. Radnor, last seen.
Aug. Qnd. W. Kent, last local bird seen.
6th, Shropshire, last seen.
16th. W. Kent, last locally bred young bird seen.
,», 17th & 19th. Hants coast, a few flying south each day.
a 22nd. — Middlesex, one passing.
Sept. 8th. Hants coast, last seen.
33 14th. Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), one.
, 15th/16th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), single birds between
10 p.m. and 5 A.M.
,, L6th&17th. Kent, single birds passing.
,, 18th &22nd. 8. Yorkshire coast, single birds passing.

222

THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa grisola).

In some localities Spotted Flycatchers began to move south at the
beginning of August and by the end of that month the movement had
become general. During the first week the local residents in Cardigan
had all departed; those of N. Staffordshire were last seen on the 15th
and 16th, and likewise those of Radnor and Hertfordshire on the 25th and
28th. One was taken at the Isle of May Light (Fite) on the 14th, while a
proportion of the birds in W. Kent left during the last week of the
month and a decrease was noted in EH. Sussex on the 31st. Single birds
were observed passing along the Norfolk coast on the 16th. This
crowding down towards the south was reflected in the records of
increases in Berkshire on the 19th and in 8. Devon from the 17th to the
29th. Moreover, small parties were noted passing to the south-east on
Hayling Island (Ilants) on the 28th and again on the 31st, while the
fact of single birds occurring at St. Catherine’s Light on the 27th/28th
indicated that emigration from our shores had actually begun. The birds
in 8. Devonshire left cn the following night.

During September the southward movement and emigration continued
actively up to about the 19th and then in a rapidly waning stream until
the 26th. It would appear from the light-station returns that after the
first few days of the montb emigration from the south coast took place
almost entirely to the west of the Isle of Wight, and this singular fact is
absolutely corroborated by the records of our inland observers; the last
of the local residents left the south-eastern counties during the first five
days of the month, and birds were passing through Hayling Island, on
the Hampshire and Sussex border, in large numbers from the Ist to
the 3rd, though none were seen after. There were no records of any
arrivals on the east coast (the species was not mentioned amongst the
humerous migrants arriving on the Norfolk coast during that month) and
the southward coasting movement was of a very straggling character,
the numbers concerned in it being very small. Thus, single birds were
seen on the Isle of May on the 18th and 26th, on the south coast of
Yorkshire on the 16th, 17th and 25th and on the 2nd and 6th of
October; small numbers of migrants were seen passing in Suffolk cn the
13th, 20th and 21st, in Bedfordshire on the 20th, in Berkshire on the
13th, in W. Kent on the 8th, 16th and 19th, and in Sussex on the 7th
and 9th. In the extreme east of Kent the records, as might have been
expected, were more continuous and small numbers were noted passing
daily up to the 2st.

In the north and west the last birds were noted in Northumberland on
the 5th, in Cumberland on the 15th, the west of Yorkshire and Shrop-
shire on the 17th, in 8. Staffordshire on the 19th, while between those
dates there was evidence of the passage of considerable numbers of birds

220

through the western counties, more particularly between the 10th and
the 14th. Further south, similar records were received from Wiltshire
and 8. Devonshire, large numbers apparently passing through on the 6th
and between the 9th and the 11th, and smaller numbers up to the 16th.
According to the light returns from Dorset and the Isle of Wight, it
would seem that the largest flocks of emigrants occurred on the nights
of the 16th and 17th, while smaller numbers were leaving on those of
the 12th, 16th, 20th and 21st.

A few birds occurred also at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the night of
the 23rd, while the last birds on the south coast were seen in Devonshire,
Sussex and EK. Kent on the 26th.

THE PIED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa atricapilia),

Resident birds were still present at their breeding-haunts in west
Radnorshire on August the Ist.

The arrival of migrants on the east coast commenced with single birds
seen at Fair Isle Light (Shetland), in 8.E. Suffolk and in E. Kent on
September the 10th. The following day two arrived on the south coast
of Yorkshire and numbers on the north coast of Norfolk. There was a
further and considerable arrival on the Yorkshire coast on the 12th,
when the Norfolk birds had already passed on; the greater part of the
Yorkshire birds disappeared on the following day, when four or five
were seen in Tharet (EK. Kent). On the 14th the first arrival (a single
bird) was noted in the Isle of May (Fife), on the 16th small numbers
arrived on the N.E. coast of Lincolnshire and in N. Norfolk, these
being succeeded by others on the following day at the Isle of May and on
the S. Yorkshire ccast. The whole of these passed on and, with the
exception of a single bird on the Isle of May on the 18th, no fresh im-
migrants were seen until the 22nd. On that day a few more arrived in
S. Yorkshire, and these were followed next day by larger numbers, when
several more arrived in N. Norfolk, At 4 a.m. on the 24th a single bird
was taken at Winterton Light (Norfolk) aud one was seen on the
Isle of May, where a few others arrived on the 25th; stragglers were
noticed passing the Yorkshire coast up to the 27th.

Corresponding with the passage of migrants in H. Kent on the 18th of
September, the first emigration from the south coast was noticed at
St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the night of the 12th/13th ; small.
numbers were again noted at that light on the night of the 15th/16th,
when three birds were taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey).

The only record from the west coast included a few birds seen at the
Smalls Light (Pembroke) on the night of the 25th/26th of September.

THE RED-BREASTED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa parva).

Sept. 16th. N. Lincolnshire coast, a young male shot.
» 25th. Isle of May (Fife), one killed.

THE SWALLOW (Mirundo rustica).

The emigratory movement of Swallows began in the middle of July. In
Berkshire the departure of local birds was noted as commencing on the
14th, and great numbers were observed flying east in Somerset between
the 18th and 25rd.

During the month of August they were reported as congregating
in large numbers in various counties from Lancashire to Dorset. On the
27th and 29th many Swallows were observed flying south at the South
Foreland Light.

Harly in September large flocks moving southwards were reported in
Derbyshire ; a few were noted at the Nab and South Foreland Lights
on the 2nd flying south and south-west, and in Staffordshire, Wiltshire
and Suffolk large numbers were seen departing on the 6th and 7th. On
the 10th a flock of about a hundred arrived from the south-east at the
Isle of Man, where the resident birds were already congregating, and all
departed on the following day. On the 18th of September numbers of
Swallows appeared on the Isle of May (Fife), but disappeared on the
following day, and on the 22nd others were again recorded on passage in
the Isle of Man.

Reports from inland observers showed that emigration was very active
throughout September. There was a marked decrease in the counties of
Lancashire, Yorkshire, Denbigh, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire,
Leicestershire, Warwickshire, Northamptonshire, Suffolk, Oxfordshire,
Hertfordshire, Essex and Hampshire. Large numbers were noted passing
over in Staftordshire and Hertfordshire on the 22nd in a southerly
direction, and to the east in Somerset on the 30th. The following re-
ports of Swallows were received from the lights during September :—
Smalls Light (Pembroke), many passing on the 15th; Anvil Point Light
(Dorset), large numbers on the 18th and 19th; South Goodwin Light-
vessel (Kent), several on the 19th; Lundy Island Light, many on the
island on the 20th; South Foreland Light (Kent), about 200 to the S.W.
on the 2Ist; South Goodwin Light-vessel, several to the S.W. on the 21st
and 24th; Varne Light-vessel (Kent), some to W.N.W. on the 26th ;
South Foreland Light, many to the 8. on the 29th. Throughout the
month of September, from the 9th onwards, numbers were noted almost
daily passing the south coast of Yorkshire in a southerly direction.

The emigratory movement continued all through October, the last
appearance of Swallows being reported from the following counties,

225

viz. :— Westmoreland and Essex on the 4th, Somerset on the 6th, Durham
on the 12th, Cumberland on the 14th, Yorkshire on the 15th, Suttolk
and Sussex on the 17th, Warwick on the 18th, Derbyshire between the
18th and 23rd, Staffordshire on the 19th, Northumberland on the 20th,
Leicestershire and Hampshire on the 23rd, Lancashire and Surrey on the
24th, Northamptonshire on the 27th, and Devonshire on the 29th. On
the night of the 30th of October a sharp frost killed great numbers of
young Swallows in Dorset.

The records of Swallows at the lights in October were as follows :—
South Foreland Light, one to two hundred flying $.S.W. on the Ist;
Varne Light-vessel, a flock to the 8. on the 3rd; South Goodwin Light-
vessel, several to 8. W. on the 3rd; North and South Goodwin Light-
vessels, a few to the S.W. on the 4th; Cromer Light (Norfolk), moderate
numbers to the S. W. on the 13th; Anvil Point Light, a flock left to the 8.
at 7.30 A.M. on the 265th. On the south coast of Yorkshire numbers were
noted flying in a southerly direction between the 16th and the 21st, and
smaller numbers between the 22nd and the 26th.

The records for November noted stragglers in the counties of Fifeshire,
Warwickshire, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Kent, Sussex and Hampshire,
the latest being that of three young birds in Kent on the 21st.

THE HOUSE-MARTIN (Chelidon urbica).

There was very little evidence of emigratory movement among House-
Martins in July. Large numbers were moving in an easterly direction
through Somerset on the 18th, 21st and 25rd, and birds were reported
to be congregating here and there. Early in August migration com-
menced in earnest: large flocks were seen flying south in Northumberland
on the 9th, 14th and 18th, numbers were travelling south-east in York-
shire on the 22nd, and a sudden marked decrease in numbers took place
in Warwickshire on the 23rd. In Dorset there was a large influx of
birds on the 26th, and likewise in Warwickshire on the 28th, the latter
disappearing on the Ist of September. At the South Foreland Light
(Kent) hundreds were seen flying south from 4 to 10 a.m. on the 27th of
August, and many travelling in the same direction at 6 a.M. on the 29th.
This was the only record from the lights, but no doubt the numerous
returns from the other lights under the heading “Swallows” inciuded
House- and Sand-Martins as well.

The southerly movement continued all through the month of September.
An observer in Warwickshire reported a total absence of Martins in his
neizhbourhood between the Ist and 18th, but large numbers arrived on
the 19th, and remained in varying numbers until the end of the month.
A decrease in numbers was noted in Wiltshire on the 10th, in Devon-
shire on the 13th, in Sussex and Staffordshire on the 14th, in Kent on

226

the 15th, in Leicestershire on the 18th, in Yorkshire on the 20th, and in
Oxford on the 26th; while large numbers were seen going south in
Shropshire on the 15th and in Suffolk on the 27th. Many reached the
Isle of May in company with Swallows on the 18th, and left again on
the following day.

Up to the third week in October migration continued on a smaller
scale. On the 2nd large flocks were reported flying east in Somerset, but
none were seen after that date. On the south coast of Yorkshire small
numbers were observed flying south between the 6th and the 14th, large
numbers between the 16th and 18th, and a few between the 19th and
25th. As in the case of the Swallow, hundreds of young House-Martins
were kilied by a sharp frost on the night of the 80th in Dorset. Martins
were last seen in Warwickshire on the 4th of October,in Cumberland on
the 5th, in Westmoreland on the 6th, in Northumberland on the 13th, in
Wiltsbire on the 14th, in Hampshire on the ]5th, in Leicestershire
on the 22nd, in Yorkshire and Sussex on the 25th, and in Kent and
Northumberland on the 27th.

The only records in November included three or four birds seen in
Sussex on the 6th and 7th and one in Hampshire on the 8th.

THE SAND-MARTIN (Cottle riparia).

The only movements of this species noted during Aueust were the
passage of large numbers through the Isle of Man on the 9th and a
gathering in Dorset on the 29th. During the first few days of September
the congregating movement became general in the Midlands, and the
arrival of migratory flocks was reported from Cheshire on the 4th and
8th, Staffordshire on the 5th and Shropshire on the 10th and 11th, while
in the south-west fresh arrivals were noted in Dorset on the 1st, in
S. Devonshire on the 5th and in Wiltshire on the 9th. The local
Cheshire birds, with those that joined them on the 4th, departed on the
5th, the local Shropshire birds left on the 9th, the migrants on the 17th
and the Staffordshire birds on the 19th. A few passed through the Isle
of Man on the 5th, and the last birds were seen in Northumberland on
the same day. <A large emigration from the coast of Devon took place
on the 12th in a south-easterly direction, and by the 19th the main part
of the migration would appear to have been over, though stragglers were
reported in small numbers from Cumberland and Wiltshire up to the
middle of October. The paucity of records from the east side of the
country seems to indicate that this species must have been almost absent
on migration. Only a single bird was seen on the south coast of York-
shire on the 21st of September, and the passage of quite inconsiderable
numbers through Kent was noted on various dates up to the 17th of
September, while a single belated flock was seen in 8.E. Suffolk on the
19th of October,

220

THE GREENFINCH (Ligurinus chioris).

An emigratory movement of Greenfinches was noticed at the South
Foreland Light (Kent) on the Ist of September, when small flocks
were seen flying southward at noon, but with the exception of a single
bird taken on the North Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) on the 26th of
November, that was the only record received from the south coast. On the
east coast, however, the movements of this species were most marked,
especially at the mouth of the Humber, where the passage south lasted
from the 241h of September to the 26th of October, the largest migration
taking place in October between the 7th and 14th and the 16th and 19th,
the greatest number of birds being observed on the 14th. On each day
the passage lasted from 7 to ll a.m, At the Kentish Knock Light-vessel
(45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames) a few Greenfinches
were noticed on the nights of the 12th/13th and 13th/14th, corresponding
with the largest movement on the Yorkshire coast, while coincidentally
with the second largest Yorkshire migration a first arrival reached the
Isle of May (Fife) on the 18th, and was augmented on the 19th, on which
day immense numbers reached the 8.E. coast of Suffolk. Stragglers
were also noted at the Isle of May between the 20th and 24th. The only
west coast records came from the South Bishop Light (Pembroke), a
fair number of Greenfinches being seen on the rock on the 27th of
October, anda few at the lantern both on that night and on the 30th/51st.
A few again visited the rock on the 15th of December.

THE GOLDFINCH (Carduelis elegans).

Sept. 7th. Falmouth, Cornwall, last seen.
» 30th, 8... Suffolk coast, many arriving.
Oct. 12th & 18th. S.E. Suffolk coast, several passing.
S 23rd. Exeter, Devon, one found dead under telegraph wires.

- 30th. S.E. Suffolk coast, flocks passing all day.
Nov. 10th. S.E. Suffolk coast, several arrived.
» 15th. 8.I. Suffolk coast, many arriving al! day.

THE SISKIN (Chrysomitris spinus).

Sept. 22nd. Isle of May (Fife), eight arrived.

ey zd ton |) aa i

Oct. 18th. ( Fair Isle (Shetland), remarkable numbers.

», 24th & 25th. Isle of May, many each day.
Oct. 9th/10th. Winterton Lt. (Norfoik), one illed at 4 a.m.
Noy. loth. W. Warwickshire, tive, first seen.

% 14th. W. Warwickshire, twelve seen.

53 25th. Loch Awe (Argyll), few.

THE TREE-SPARROW (Passer montanus).

The first migratory Tree-Sparrow was noticed on the south Yorkshire
coast on the Ist of October, and from the 8th the species continued to
arrive and pass southwards almost daily in varying numbers; these
reached a maximum on the 11th, and after the 21st but few were noticed.
No migration was noticed on the 10th, 15th, 20th, 23rd and 24th, and
the observations ceased on the 27th.

During the same period several immigrations were occurring at other
points on the east coast. On the 2nd ten were seen flying west at 9 A.M.
at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk), on the 8th a few arrived on the
Isle of May (Fife), and on the 9th small flocks were reported flying N.W.
past the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk). On the 11th six
alighted on the Outer Dowsing Lizht-vessel (Lincoln) at 10 A.M.; again
ou the 12th many passed the Leman and Ower Light-vessel flying
N.W., where a few also occurred on the night of the 14th/15th between
10.80 p.m. and 8,30 a.m. On the 25rd a few remained all day on board
the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the
Thames).

THE CHAFFINCH (fringilla celebs).

The first records of immigrants came from the Isle of May (Fife) and
Fair Isle (Shetland), where many were seen on the 25th and 28th of
September. A few flying W.N.W. were reported at the Kentish Knock
Light-vessel on the 2nd of October, and many on the 12th, both there
and at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel off the Norfolk coast. Many
again occurred on Fair Isle on the 18th, and on the 19th, 20th and 25th
large numbers flying west were noted at the Shipwash Light-vessel
(SuffSik) ; on the 21st many flying north were reported at the Longsand
Light-vessel (Essex), and on the 26th several flocks going W.N. W. passed
the Kentish Knock Light-yessel.

During November the immigratory movement was strongly maintained.
At the Shipwash Light-vessel many were seen flying west on the Ist and
2nd, and large numbers to the W.N.W. on the 15th: at the Kentish
Kknock Light-vessel large numbers were observed on the Ist and 2nd ;
many large flocks flying W.N.W. continued to pass all day on the 4th,
and a few small flocks travelling in the same direction on the 5th.

The above were the principal movements recorded, but Chaflinches
were noted in smaller numbers or singly at various other lights on this
coast—viz., at Spurn Head and Withernsea (Yorkshire), Outer Dowsing
(Lincolnshire), Winterton (Norfoik) and North Goodwin (Kent)—during
the months of October and November. On the south coast of Yorkshire
flocks of these birds were observed passing south between the 11th and
the 27th of October.

On the south coast large numbers going south were reported at the

229

Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) from the 18th to the 20th of October, and
on the 27th there were about a hundred round the ship; on the 29th
numbers were again seen flying south, and on the 50th of October and
the 3rd of November a few more were seen. With the exception of one
bird seen at the Eddystone on the 11th of November no other records of
emigration were received from the south coast.

On the west coast several were noted flying N.W. at Bardsey Light
(Carnarvon) between the 25th and the 29th of September; on the 23rd
and 27th of October huge flocks arrived in Mull (Argyll); on the 27th
of October and the 15th of December several reached the South Bishop
Light (Pembroke) ; from the 28th to the 3lst of October the Lundy
Island (Devon) light-keeper reported large numbers on the island, and a
few were seen at the Seven Stones Light-vessel (Isles of Scilly) on the
5th of November at 8 P.M.

Records from inland observers were few and of no importance.

THE BRAMBLING (Fringilla montifringilla).

The autumn migration of the Brambling was heralded by the arrival of
single birds on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 17th and 24th of September,
and many others both there and on Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 25th.
Large numbers again arrived at the Isle of May on the 2nd of October,
while a large migration, including many thousands of birds, occurred at
both places on the 10th; the flocks arrived all day in succession, and
many birds still remained on these islands on the 11th. A small flock
also arrived at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 12th. On the
south coast of Yorkshire the arrival of Bramblings began a few days
later, the first stragglers being noted on the 29th of September. These
were followed by a few on the 2nd and 6th of October, and the arrival of
birds and their passage south was afterwards noted daily until the 13th,
the greatest numbers passing between the 11th and the 18th. In most
instances the flocks included Chaffinches, Linnets and Greenfinches as
well as Bramblings. The migration on the south coast of Yorkshire was
renewed on the 19th, on the 20th, 22nd, 25rd and 27th, when a few birds
were noted passing south. On the 10th of October a single bird was seen
on board the North Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) at 6.30 a.M., and on the
12th nine wers noted flying N.W. at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel
(45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames).

Bramblings were first reported from Westmoreland on the 19th of
October, and from Northamptonshire on the 25th, large flocks being also
observed there between the 12th and 20th of December. On the 10th of
November the first flocks were noticed in Denbigh and Mericneth, and
on the 14th in the West Riding of Yorkshire, where they were afterwards
seen daily. It is not improbable that a certain number of the records
trom the lights under ‘‘ Chatfinch” apply to this species.

THE LINNET (Linota cannabina).

The first emigratory movement was noted at the South Foreland Light
(Kent) on September the Ist, when small flocks were seen departing to
the south at noon; these movements were repeated at 8.30 a.m. on the
22nd and 9 a.m. on the 24th, the numbers on both these occasions being
considerable. From the 21st to the 24th large flocks were also seen in
N.W. Somerset, but the emigration of this species on the west was not
further recorded.

The migration on the south coast was, however, most marked, and
continued from the 24th of September (or even earlier) till the 26th of
October, the only day on which migration was not recorded being the
27th of September. The largest number of birds passed on the 24th,
25th and 29th of September, and between the 8th and 14th, 16th and 18th
of October, after which fewer passed daily, and on the 27th none were
seen. The direction of flight was in all cases due south. Corresponding
arrivals of large numbers were recorded on the S.E. coast of Suffolk on
the 27th, 28th and 30th of September and on the 17th and 18th of October.
On the two last-named days large flocks appeared continuously, while on
the 25th vast numbers arrived from dawn to 10 a.m. During the same
period there were one or two records from the east coast lights; thus
numbers were noted about Winterton Light (Norfolk) on the 18th of
October, and many passed the Shipwash Light-vessel (Suffolk) flying
westwards on the 19th and 20th.

The immigration on the east coast was, however, prolonged far into
November, and at the Shipwash Light-vessel smaller numbers flying
westward all day were recorded on the Ist and for the greater part of the
Ath, 6th and 9th of November; several were also seen to arrive on the
last-named day on the 8.E. coast of Suffolk, and numbers on the 15th,
while a large flock appeared at 3 p.M. of the 25rd. Again, very many
continued to arrive there all day on the €ta of December.

Movements which probably indicated departures from the west coast
were noticed at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 12th, and daily from
the 25th to the 29th of September; the numbers on each day were small
and the direction of flight was recorded as N.W.

THE LESSER REDPOLL (Zinota rufescens).

Two or three birds were noted passing south on the south coast of
Yorkshire on the 21st and 26th of September and the 6th and 8th of
October, on the last two occasions in company with Linnets. Flocks of
some size were reported from the New Forest district of Hampshire on
the 27th of October, the 20th of November and the 8rd of December.

THE TWITE (Linota flavirostris).

Several Twites were noticed passing south on the south coast of York-
shire on the 25th and 26th of October.

THE CROSSBILL $ (Loxia curvirostra).

Although not strictly within the bounds of our investigation, mention
should be made of the irruption of Crossbills that took place throughout
the country during the autumn of 1909. The movement, which was very
well marked, was first noticed on the Faroes and Shetlands during the
last week of June, when many birds, both old and young and of both
sexes, made their appearance. These individuals or subsequent arrivals
remained in these unaccustomed localities from two to five weeks, sub-
sisting on various abnormal foods, such as unripe crowberries, grass-seeds,
thistle-heads, daisy-centres and sea-pinks. Throughout Scotland, and
still more noticeably throughout England, especially in the eastern
and southern counties, with the exception of Devonshire and COorn-
wall, these wandering birds appeared early in July and remained
in some numbers till the end of the year. There can be little
doubt that many simply passed through this country, while others,
finding suitable food and environment, settled down and commenced to
breed early in the following year. In some localities they were only seen
ocensionally at more or less lengthy intervals, whereas in other places they
seem to have settled down early in the autumn. As the period treated
of in this Report only covers the first arrival, it would be out of place at
present to discuss either the possible causes of this immigration or the
results which have followed from it. We are, however, of opinion that
if the true cause of these sporadic irruptions of certain species were
known, we might have a clue to the beginnings of the migratory instinct.

This particular irruption seems to have covered a large portion of
Europe, and the fact that several Two-barred Crossbills (Lowia bifasciata)
accompanied their commoner allies seems to indicate that it had its
origin in N.E. Russia and Siberia. This points to the general direction
of flight having been a westerly or south-westerly one, which is still
further borne out by many individuals having reached the Flannan Isles
and Western Hebrides, while still unrecorded from the north of Scotland.
Birds were also observed crossing the North Sea and many were taken
at the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel, some miles from the Lincolnshire
coast, which again points to a marked westerly trend.

Herr Ritter von Tschusi zu Schmidhoffen, a weli-known Austrian
ornithologist, is working the matter out thoroughly, and we shall look
forward with interest to his conclusions. As far as this country is
concerned, all notes and observations on this species have been collected
and published from time to time in Witherby’s ‘ British Birds,’ to
which periodical we would refer those in search of the full details.

2a2

THE CORN-BUNTING (Eimberiza miliaria).

Sept. 4th. S.E. Suffolk coast, many recently arrived.
Decry welisthe H. Fife, a flock seen; Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides),
a flock seen.

THE ORTOLAN-BUNTING (Emberiza hortulana).

One or two Ortolans were seen or shot on the north coast of Norfolk
on each day (except the 14th) from the 11th to the 16th of September,
as well as on the 25rd. Others were recorded, without dates, from Fair
Isle (Shetland).

THE LITTLE BUNTING (£mberiza pusilla).

Single birds were recorded from the Isle of May (Fife) on the 25th and
26th of September, and one (without date) from Fair Isle (Shetland).

THE REED-BUNTING (Limberiza scheniclus).

Sept. 25th. Isle of May (Fife), one passing.

2ith. S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived.
Oct. 4th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few passing south.
,, 12th to 14th, |
& 16th to 19th. |
Oct. 22nd, 28rd |
& 25th. {

99

S. Yorkshire coast, several passing south each day.

S. Yorkshire coast, a few passing south each day.

THE LAPLAND BUNTING (Calcarius lapponicus).

Sept. ord. Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), one caught.

Oct. 15th. Yarmouth, Norfolk, one caught and two others seen.
One (without date) was recorded from Fair IJsle
(Shetland).

THE SNOW-BUNTING (Plectrophenax nivalis).
Sept. 6th. Sule Skerry (Orkney), several.

ys 8th. Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), two.
» 2lstto 26th. Thanet (EK. Kent), two daily.
- 27th. K. Ross-shire, first seen.
,, 27th to 80th. Thanet, none.
% 29th. Lincolnshire coast, three seen; Fair Isle (Shetland),
many.
Oct. 3rd & 5th. Thanet, two passing each day.
ee 6th. Thanet, a small flock passing.

,, 12th to 15th. Thanet, two seen.
- 16th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived.

Deh
Oct. 20th/21st. Withernsea Lt. (Yorkshire), several at midnight.

"9 23rd. Tiree (Argyll), flocks.

3 25th. Aberdeen, flocks.

os 26th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived.

» 26th/27th. Withernsea Lt., several at midnight.

ss 28th. Whitby Lt. (Yorkshire), three arrived at 3.30 P.M.

- 31st. Flannan Isles, about 100 arrived.
Noy. Ist. Fair Isle, large flock.

5 2nd. Flannan Isles and Fair Isle, many more arrived.

» 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one or two at midnight.

,, 13th, 16th |

to 19th. |
Dec. 15th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), a few seen on the
rock.

Thanet, one or two passing each day.

THE STARLING (Sturnus vulgaris).

Single birds were killed at Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) and at
Winterton Light (Norfolk) on the 17th/18th and 22nd/23rd of August
respectively. On the llth of September large flocks were noted at
Cromer going S.E., and large numbers were recorded at the Owers
Light-vessel (Sussex), while on the following night one was killed
at Spurn Head Light. On the 16th/17th, 17th/18th and 20th/2Ist a
few were recorded from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight), probably
emigrants, while large flocks on passage were noted on the Isle of May
on the 26th of September. From about the Ist of October a large
migratory movement in a southerly direction was noted on the S. coast
of Yorkshire ; this movement, which was at its height from the 1lth
to the 13th, continued until the end of the first week in November,
and on several nights birds were taken at Withernsea and Spurn
Head Lights (Yorkshire). This southerly movement was noted by day
at Cromer Light (Norfolk) on the 9th, and at Owers Light-vessel
(Sussex) on the 18th, 15th, 20th, 29th and 31st. Records of numbers
which must have belonged to a southerly migration were also received
from Fair Isle Light (Shetland) on the 10th/11th of October, from the
Pentland Skerries (Orkney) and Isle of May (Fife) Lights on the
16th/17th, from the Butt of Lewis Light (Outer Hebrides), Isle of May
Light, Tarbatness Light (Moray Firth), Lerwick (Shetland) and Fair Isle
on the 17th/loth, and from Fair Isle and Flannan Isles Light (Outer
Hebrides) on the 18th/19th. Numbers were also noted on passage on
Coquet Island (Northumberland) from the 29th of September to the
10th of October.

The immigration on the east coast commenced during the last four
days of September (the earliest record being from the Norfolk and Kent
coasts on the 26th and the Suffolk coast on the 27th), and continued

Q

234

throughout October, increasing in magnitude as the month advanced.
There was no evidence on the 8. coast of Yorkshire of any immigration
from any easterly point and the most northerly station from which we
had any definite record of this migration was the Outer Dewsing Light-
vessel (Lincolnshire). This influx of Starlings was noted at most of the
light-stations between the Wash and the Straits of Dover, the direction of
flight being in most cases between W.N.W. and W.S.W., and migration
was noted at one or more of these stations nearly every day and on most
nights. On the 26th/27th of October, the conditions being favourable,
a particularly large flight was noticed at the Kentish Knock Light-
vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), at the
N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent), St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight)
and Hanois Light (Guernsey), while some birds were also noted at
Spurn Head Light and South Bishop Light (Pembroke). It is not clear
to what migration the records from the last two lights referred, but it
seems likely that those from the other lights indicated an east to west
movement, During the last few days of October numbers were observed
arriving on the south-east coast of Suffolk.

It is not easy to say to which movement birds seen at St. Catherine's
Light on the 19th/20th, 24th/25th and 245th/26th of October belonged,
but on the 20th, 21st, 28th and 29th birds were noticed all day passing
the Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly), flying eastwards towards the
islands, and from the 28th to the 31st large numbers passing to the north
were recorded on Lundy Island (N. Devon).

During November the east to west migration continued, but the
number of records greatly diminished after the first half of the month,
the migrations and the directions of flight being much the same as
in October. On several nights heavy flights were observed at various
stations, especially on the nights between the 2nd/5rd and the 8th/9th.
The stations at which these flights were noted were, in order of
frequency, the Eddystone Light (Cornwall); 8S. Bishop Light (Pem-
broke), Lundy North Light, Spurn Head Light and St. Catherine's
Light 3; Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), Bishop Rock Light, Hanois Licht,
Winterton Light (Norfolk) and Kentish Knock Light-vessel 2; and
Bull Point Light (N. Devon) 1. At the latter light flocks were noted
going west on the 5th, and at Lundy Isle going north on the 14th and
north-west on the 16th and 17th.

It may be worth noting that up to November there were very few
observations from the west and south-west coasts, but that during that
month there were records from one or more stations almost every nicht
up to the 19th/20th, as well as from the stations on the south-east coast.
On the 14th and 15th of November numbers were passing south near
Aberdeen during a snow-storm. During the last week of November
and the first ten days of December there were practically no records
of any moyements, but on the 11th/12th a good many birds were

a8)

reported from the N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) and St. Catherine’s
Light, and on the following night from Bardsey Light, while on the
14th a flock going S.E. was seen at the Varne Light-vessel (Kent),
and a few were noted at Spurn Head Light on the 14th/15th and at
St. Catherine’s Light on the 16th/17th.

THE JACKDAW (Corvus monedula).

Sept. 28rd & 24th. Thanet (E. Kent), numbers, in small flocks, flying from

Oct.

”

Noy.

19th.
dlst.

Ath.

5th.

25th.

3Cth.

4th.

6th.

N.E. to 8. W.

Staffordshire, large numbers seen.

N.E. Suffolk, 300 flying hich to the W.N.W. at
12.30 p.m. N. Goodwin Lt.-v. (Kent), two on board
at 7 A.M.

Thanet, a flock of 100 flying from E. to W. came in
from the sea at 4.30 P.M.

N.E. Norfolk, large numbers arriving in a continuous
stream from over the sea between 6.50 and 8.15 A.M.

“CROWS” AND “ ROOKS ” (Corvus sp.).

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. (Lincolnshire), large numbers
of “ Rooks” flying W. at noon.

Shipwash Lt.-v. (Suffolk), large numbers of “ Rooks”
flying N.W. from 9 a.m. to 5.45 P.M.

Shipwash Lt.-v., many “ Rooks” flyirg N.W. from
10 a.m. to 3.40 P.M.

Longsand Lt.-v. (Essex), a few “ Crows” flying N. in
the morning; Shipwash Lt.-v., a few “ Rooks”
flying N.W. from 10 a.m. to noon.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles H. by N. from the

_ mouth of the Thames), 40 “Crows” flying N.W. at

10 a.m.; Shipwash Lt.-v., a few “Rooks” flying
N.W. from 10.15 a.m. to 3.15 P.M.

Shipwash Lt.-v., a large number of “ Rooks” flying
N.W. from 9.15 4.M. to 2.50 P.M.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v., many “ Rooks” flying W.N.W.
from 11 a.m. to 3.50 p.m.; 8. Bishop Lt. (Pem-
broke), five ‘‘ Crows” flying E. at 10 a.m.

Kentish Knock Lt.-y., many small flocks of “ Crows”
flying N.W. all day; Shipwash Lt.-v., many
“ Rooks” flying N.W. from 9.40 a.m. to 1.10 p.m.

Shipwash Lt.-v., many “Rooks” flying N.W. from
10.10 a.m. to 4 P.M,

@2

a

236

Nov. 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one or two “Crows” at
midnight.

i 7th. N. Goodwin Lt.-v. (Kent), a flock of ‘‘ Rooks” flying
W.N.W. at noon.

43 9th. N. Goodwin Lt.-v., thirty “‘ Crows” flying W.N.W. at
10 a.m.; Kentish Knock Lt.-v., twenty “ Crows”
flying W.N.W. at 11 a.m.; Shipwash Lt.-v., a few
“ Rooks” flying N.W. from 9.30 a.m. to 1.]0 P.M.

3 16th. N. Goodwin Lt.-v., twenty “ Crows” flying W. by N.

at noon.
5 22nd. N. Goodwin Lt.-v., one “Crow” flying W. at 11.15
A.M.

N.B.—Since the Lightkeepers’ identifications in the above records are
doubtful they cannot be assigned to any definite species; it is probable,
however, that many of them apply to both Hooded and Carrion-Crows
as well as to Rooks. A comparison of the dates and localities with the
corresponding records under these species may, however, suggest which
is the more likely in each case.

THE CARRION-CROW (Corvus corone).
Sept. 26th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived.

THE HOODED CROW (Corvus cornix).

The earliest records of this species came from mid-Sutfolk on the 19th
of September: the first arrival was noted on the south coast of Yorkshire
on the 26th and was followed by a few more on the following day. On
the 30th twelve were seen to arrive at that station and to pass inland,
and the first arrivals were reported from two localities in Norfolk. On the
6th of October six were seen flying west on the south coast of Yorkshire,
on the 7th, 8th and 9th several arrived on the S.E. coast of Suffolk, on
the 8th, 9th and 10th others were observed passing inland over Thanet
(E. Kent), while on the 12th a small arrival took place on the N.E.
coast of Lincolnshire. On the 18th, 21st and 24th single birds were seen
passing south from the S. coast of Yorkshire, and these were followed
by a small flock on the 27th, on which date large numbers were
arriving in S.E. Suffolk; smaller numbers arrived in N.W. Suffolk
on the 30th.

On the 5th of November Hooded Crows were observed arriving in a
continuous stream from over the sea on the N.E. coast of Norfolk from
6.50 to 8.15 a.m.; on the 12th they were first recorded from the West
Riding of Yorkshire, where they were seen daily after the 20th. The
first record from the Hampshire coast was on the 25th of November.

THE ROOK (Corvus frugilegus).

The first immigration of Rooks was observed on the S.E. coast of
Suffolk on the 11th of September, when many arrived ; on the following
day vast numbers flying at a great elevation passed steadily inland. On
the 25th the first few migrants were seen on the south coast of Yorkshire.
During October from four to eight were seen passing south at the last-
named station on the 2nd, 6th, 18th and 19th, while on the 13th and 18th
small lots coming from the south-east arrived there from over the sea.
On the 19th, 20th, 30th and 31st strong immigrations were noticed on
the N.E. coast of Suffolk, the greatest numbers arriving on the 30th,
when they passed westward all day in thousands. On the 3lst the
immigration was limited to a flock of 300 which appeared at a high
altitude at 12.30 p.m. and continued their course to the N.W. On those
two days the immigration was also noticed on the 8.E. coast of Suffolk,
where the birds were arriving throughout both days, though the larger
numbers came on the 80th. Further arrivals of large numbers took place
in that locality on the 9th and 21st of November, while on the N.W. coast
of Norfolk Rooks arrived from over the sea in a continuous stream on
the 5th of November from 6.50 to 8.15 a.m.

An increase was noted in Staffordshire on the 20th of October.

THE SKY-LARK (Alauda arvensis).

The first migration recorded was of a few birds at Spurn Head Light
(Yorkshire) on the 22nd/23rd of August. On several days and nights
between the 8th and 14th of September a few recorded at the Owers
Light-vessel (Sussex) were probably emigrants. A large flock was noted
at Cromer Light (Norfolk) passing S.E. on the llth; several were
noted on the 12th at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and were said to be
going north.

The first indication of immigrants from the east was noted at the
Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the
Thames), where moderate numbers were seen on the 17th/18th of
September, and on the following night some recorded from Hanois Light
(Guernsey) were possibly part of the same stream, -A few were recorded
on the 22nd/28rd and 23rd/24th at Winterton Light (Norfolk) and on the
25th/26th and 26th/27th at Skerries Light (Anglesey) and Bardsey Light
respectively. On the 26th some were noted going west at the Varne
Light-vessel (Kent) and on the 380th going 8.S.W. at the N. Goodwin
Light-vessel (Kent), On the 17th and 22nd and from the 25th to the
29th some were recorded at the Isle of May (Fife). From the 24th
until the end of the month migratory parties were noted passing to the
south on the south coast of Yorkshire, and on the 26th/27th a few were
killed at Spurn Head Light. On the 27th/28th many were recorded at
the Butt of Lewis Light (Outer Hebrides).

238

During the first week of October there was no further indication of
arrivals from the east, though there was an increasing amount of move-
ment down the east coast. Up to the 10th some were noticed every day
passing south at the Isle of May, and birds were killed at that light on
the 8th/9th; similarly, on the south coast of Yorkshire flocks were
recorded coasting to the south every day, birds were taken at Spurn
Head Light on the 8th/9th, and on Coquet Island (Northumberland)
numbers were noted each day. On the 1U0th/11th there was a big arrival
at Fair Isle Light (Shetland), and from that day onwards to the end of
the month increased numbers flying south were noted daily at the Isle
of May and on the south coast of Yorkshire ; some birds were also taken
at Fair Isle and Spurn Head Lights on several nights. At both these
places of observation this coasting movement seemed to reach its
maximum between the 16th and 19th, and on the 17th large numbers were
also recorded at Fair Isle, Lerwick (Shetland), Tarbatness (Moray Forth)
and the Butt of Lewis, while flocks were noted going south at the Owers
Light-vessel (Sussex) on the 18th, 19th and 29th. On the Ist of
October a coasting movement was observed at Cley (Norfolk) and on the
10th at Overstrand and Yarmouth (Norfolk), and it was noted that the
movement on each day continued up to 5 P.M., but on the south coast of
Yorkshire these movements which started soon after sunrise practically
ceased at 11 a.m.; there was no evidence of an immigration from the
east at the latter place. From the 8th of October until the end of
the month there was a continual stream of immigration arriving on the
east coast of England south of the Humber, the birds being noted at
the various stations every day and on many nights. The records were
received. from most of the light-stations between the Outer Dowsing
Light-vesse] (Lincolnshire) and those in the Straits of Dover, and the
direction of the flight by day was to some point between N.W. and
8.8.W., though the observations at the Longsand Light-vessel (off the
mouth of the Thames) showed that the birds there were going almost
due north. This immigration was also noted inland in Suffolk. At the
Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 21st and 27th of October birds
were noted passing east all day towards the islands. On the west side
2 movement was noticed towards the end of the month, though it is not
possible to say what direction it followed ; some numbers were noted
on the 16th/17th at the Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) and at Anvil
Point Light (Dorset) on the 24th/25th, at Bardsey Light on the following
night and at the South Bishop Light (Pembroke) on the 27th/28th,
while birds seen at St. Catherine’s Light on the 25th/26th may have
formed part of an east to west or a north to south movement, :

There is evidence to show that the immigration on the east coast
continued every day up to the middle of November, records being received
from various light-stations between the Wash and the Straits of Dover,
while in addition numbers were arriving at Whitby (Yorkshire) from

the east on the Ist of November. Large numbers were seen arriving
on the Suffolk coast on the 15th of November.

It was impossible to say how Jate the southward coasting movement
continued, as the evidence was insufficient, but birds noted at the
Eddystone Light (Cornwall) and at St. Catherine’s Light on the 2nd/3rd
of November, also at the Bishop Rock Light on the 4th/5th, were
probably emigranis, for on the 3rd some were seen going south past the
Owers Light-vessel. On the 5th/6th this species was again noted at
the Eddystone, Bishop Rock and South Bishop Lights, on the 6th/7th
at Bull Point Light (N. Devon) and in large numbers at the Eddystone
both on that and the two following nights. On the 9th/10th some were
recorded at the Longships Light (Cornwall), on the 13th/14th at Bardsey,
Chicken Rock and St. Catherine’s Lights, and on the following night at
the Owers Light-vessel. On the 14th and 15th of November numbers
were noted moving south in a snow-storm near Aberdeen.

Except for large numbers noted in Oxfordshire on the 3rd of December
there is no further record of migration until the 10th/11th, on which
night a few were taken at the Spurn Head and South Bishop Lights,
and on the following night at the N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent),
while on the 12th/13th this species was again noticed in some numbers
at the Eddystone, South Bishop and St. Catherine’s Lights.

THE SHORE-LARK (Otocorys alpestris).

Two Shore-Larks arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 18th of
October and single birds were seen there on the 14th and 16th. On
the 11th and 22nd of November several were seen on the S.E. coast
of Suffolk.

THE SWIFT (Cypselus apus).

Swifts began to emigrate about the middle of July; they were congre-
gating in Berkshire on the 15th, and many of the resident birds of that
county had left on the 22nd. Large numbers were observed flying east
in Somerset in company with Swallows and House-Martins on the 18th,
21st and 25rd. Between the 23rd of July and the 4th of August the
greater part of the local Swifts had left Denbigh and Staffordshire, but
numbers of passing birds were noted in those counties as well as in Berk-
shire, where many were observed going south and west on the 31st of
July.

Throughout the month of August there was a strong emigratory move-
ment: one was taken at the Mull of Galloway Light on the 11th, and by
the middle of the month a marked decrease in numbers was noted in the
counties of Cumberland, Cheshire, Lancashire, Yorkshire, Stropshire,
Radnor, Gloucester, Warwick, Suffolk, Oxford, Middlesex, Berkshire,

240

Keut, Dorset and Devonshire. Flocks were seen passing over Hamp-
shire in a S.E. direction on the 14th, 16th and 19th of August, and
stragglers were noted in Kent between the 20th and 25th. At the South
Foreland Light one was seen passing at 7.30 p.m. on the 26th, while
hundreds observed round the lantern early on the following morning left
for the south at 10 a.m., and large numbers going south were reported
on the 29th. On the last-named date a flock was noted in Suffolk
flying south-west.

Swifts were last seen in Derbyshire on the 8th of August, in Gloucester-
shire and Wiltshire on the 9th, in Shropshire and Sussex on the 13th,
in Denbigh on the 15th, Lancashire on the 16th, Cheshire and Suffolk on
the 17th, Devonshire on the 18th, Cornwall on the 19th, Cumberland and
Hertfordshire on the 21st, Staffordshire on the 5th of September, Hamp-
shire on the 18th, and in Northamptenshire on the 18th.

The migratory movement rapidly died out in September, the records
referring to stragglers still remaining or passing. In October four occur-
rences only were reported, viz.: one at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 4th, one
in Cumberland on the 9th, one at Sherringham (Norfolk) on the 16th,
and a dead bird (probably the same) picked up at Cromer on the 18th.

THE NIGHTJAR (Caprimulgus europeus).
Aug. 20th. Mid-Suffolk, last seen.

a 23rd. Cardiganshire, one seen.
a 25th. Dorset coast, three passing.

Sept. Ist. W. Hampshire and Sussex coast, passing.
re 9th. N.W. Lancashire, last seen.

10th. N. Staffordshire, last seen.
15th. S. Wiltshire, several.

3 20th. S. Yorkshire coast, two passing.
sy 21st. W. Hampshire, one.
s 22nd. Dorset coast, one.

THE WRYNECK (Lynez torquilla).

Aug. 3rd, S. Hertfordshire, last seen.
Oy 28th. W. Kent, one passing,
Sept. 14th &17th. W. Kent, one passing each day.
», 14th &20th. 8. Yorkshire coast, one passing each day.
ee 19th. W. Kent, last seen.
», 21st & 22nd, E. Kent, one passing each day.
aj 28th. Ellastone, Staffordshire, one caught.

241

THE GREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER (Dendrocopus major).

Single birds arrived on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 14th and 16th
of September, and also on the Isle of May (Fife) on the latter day. One
was recorded from the Butt of Lewis on the 28rd, four in Shetland
between the 24th and 28th, and on seven occasions from one to three
birds were seen on Fair Isle between the 22nd of September and the 3rd
of October. Others were recorded from Shetland, Caithness, Cromarty,
W. Ross, E. Fife and Dumfries during October, November and December.

The bird obtained in Yorkshire on the 14th of September belonged to
the Continental fo:m.

THE KINGFISHER (Alcedo ispida).
Oct. 12th/18th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), one killed at 2 a.m.

THE HOOPOE (Upupa epops).
Oct. Ist. Drayton, Norfolk, one seen.

THE CUCKOO (Cucelus canorus).

The last adult birds were seen in Radnorshire on the 3rd of July, and
in Shropshire on the 8th, and small parties of presumably adult birds
were observed leaving the W. coast of Sussex for the south on the 14th
and 29th, though one was seen in 8. Devonshire on the 18th of
August, in Hampshire on the 19th, in E. Fife on the 22nd, and in Suffolk
on the 28th. The last young birds were observed in Merioneth on the
12th of August, Radnorshire on the 23rd, N. Staffordshire on the 30th,
Fifeshire on the 9th, and in 8. Staffordshire on the 17th of September.

Migrants were noted on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 14th and 16th of
August.

On the Hampshire coast large numbers of locally bred young birds
left on the 11th of August, but migrants continued to pass south at
intervals from that date onwards until the 12th of September, while odd
birds were seen passing on the 8S. coast of Yorkshire on the 16th, in
E. Kent on the 20th, and in Suffolk on the 19th of September and on the
12th of October.

THE SHORT-EARED OWL (Asvo aecipitrinus).

Single birds appeared at the Isle of May (Hife) on the 10th of August. |
The first migrant arrived on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 27th of
October, and was followed by several others on the 29th, when the first
arrival was also noted in N. Norfolk. On the night of the 2nd of
November one was taken at Sule Skerry Light (Orkney), on the 3rd one
at the Pentland Skerries, on the 4th the first arrived in Thanet (E. Kent),
and on the 4th/Sth two were seen at Spurn Head Light (Yorks).

242

MONTAGU’S HARRIER (Circus cineraceus).
Novae Sth: Folkestone (Kent), one shot.

THE COMMON BUZZARD (Buteo vulgaris).

A single bird flying S. was seen on the south coast of Yorkshire on the
183th and two on the 17th of September.

THE SPARROW-HAWK (Accipiter nisus).

Several Sparrow-Hawks were recorded on passage from the Norfolk
coast on the 17th of September, and four more on the 20th, and about
the same date one was caught on a vessel off that coast.

‘THE HONEY-BUZZARD (Pernis apivorus).
Two were seen (one being killed) in S.E. Suffolk on the 25th of
September; at the end of that month another was killed in 8.W. Hamp-

shire, and a fourth was obtained at Haddiscoe (Norfolk) in the second
week of October.

THE HOBBY (Falco subbuteo).

Single birds were reported as having been seen in N.W. Warwickshire
on the 17th of July and the 8th of August.

THE MERLIN (falco esalon).

The first migrants (single birds) were noted simultaneously on the
south coast of Yorkshire and the north coast of Norfolk on the 17th of
September, a second being recorded from the former station on the 19th.
During October single birds were seen at the same place on the 9th, 14th,
16th, 18th, 19th and 22nd, while on the 13th two were seen; on three of
these occasions the direction of flight was definitely noted as being to the
south, On the 17th of Octobera single bird appeared at the Isle of May
(Vife), and on the 20th another arrived on the S.E. coast of Suffolk.

THE KESTREL (Falco tinnunculus).

Several migrating Kestrels were noted on the north coast of Norfolk
on the 17th of September, and about the 20th one was captured on board a
boat off the Norfolk coast. On the south coast of Yorkshire two or three
were seen flying south on the 21st, single birds on the 24th and 29th,
and on the Ist, 2nd, 6th, 14th, 23rd, 25th and 26th of October, while on
the 9th two were recorded.

THE LESSER KESTREL (Falco cenchris).

Oct, ~ 14th. Holderness coast, Yorkshire, one shot while passing
south.

THE COMMON CORMORANT (Phalacrocorax carbo).

Two birds were seen flying south on the 8.E. coast of Yorkshire on
the 18th and 24th of October.

THE GANNET (Sula bassana).

Large numbers of immature birds were seen on the 14th of August in
the English Channel between St. Albau’s Head and the Shambles Light-
vessel (Dorset). The first adult was noticed off the N.E. coast of
Yorkshire on the 24th, and a few others during the first fortnight of
September.

THE GLOSSY IBIS (Plegadis falcinellus).

Two were seen on Breydon, Norfolk, on the 28th of August. On the
15th of October three were seen and one of them shot near Hunmanby,
Yorkshire, and a single bird at Hornsea Mere in the same county, where
it stayed for several days. On the 19th one was shot at Lambwath in
Holderness, a second at Ruswarp near Whitby (where it had been for
several days) on the 20th,a third about the same date at Ulrome, a fourth
in “ mid-October” at Misson, Nottingham, and a fifth about the 19th of
October at Holywell, Huntingdon. During the last week of October one
was observed on the Taw and Torridge estuary in N. Devon, on the 10th
of November two more were seen and one of them shot in Holderness,
Yorkshire: one was shot near Great Yarmouth on the 2nd of December.

THE GREY LAG-GOOSE (Anser cinereus).

Oct. 28th. Solway, Cumberland, two small flocks seen.

INovenlotheeto
26th.

Solway, a small flock each day.

THE BEAN-GOGSE (Anser segetum).
Sept. 11th. Solway, Cumberland, forty arrived.

THE PINK-FOOTED GOOSE (Anser brachyrhynchus).

Oct. 7thto 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), numbers.

16th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 150 flying 8. to the Lincolnshire
coast.

18th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 27 flying to N. W.

”

oh)

244

Oct. 20th: S. coast of Yorkshire, 3 to 8.E.
. 24th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 9 to the 8.
25th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 18 to the 8.
Nov, 13th. Solway, Cumberland, 60 seen.

THE BERNACLE GOOSE (Bernicla leucopsis).

Sept. 29th. Solway, Cumberland, a few arrived.
Oct. 23rd. Dunrossness (Shetland), first seen.

Noe Sees Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), hundreds.

a 21st. Tiree (Argyll), a flock seen.

THE BRENT GOOSE (Bernicla brenta).

Sept. 21st. Dornoch Firth, five seen.
5) 29th. Dunrossness (Shetland), one.
Octa a0th. Solway, Cumberland, three seen.
1 15th. Poole, Dorset, three seen (one shot).
14th. Isle of May, Fife, one seen.
on 16th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one caught.
% 18th. S. coast of Yorkshire, three flying 8.
- 23rd. St. Mary’s Island, Northumberland, one shot.

3 28th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 20 arrived.

‘ olst. Holy Island, Northumberland, five arrived.
Nov. 6th. Dornoch Firth, a great many.
Dec. 17th. Solway, three small lots seen.

THE WHOOPER (Cygnus musicus).
Och 19th: Dunrossness (Shetland), eight seen.

Noy. 8th. Tiree (Argyll), unusual numbers.
i 26th. S.E. Suttolk coast, six seen flying 8.
Dec. 24th. R. Eden, Cumberland, four arrived.

THE MALLARD (Anas boscas).

Very few records of this species were received. The earliest move-
ment reported was the arrival of a large flock in N.E. Surrey on the
5th of September with an accession to their numbers on the llth. At
10.30 P.M. on the night of Ist/2nd of October a flock passed over
the city of York, and during the tirst week of that month the first
migrants arrived on the N.E. coast of Norfolk.

The arrival of winter-visitors was not noticed in the Isle of Man until
the 14th of November, when a few were seen passing south. Numbers
arrived there on the 1&th, and a further increase on the 28th brought the
winter-yisitors up to their usual numbers.

245

THE GADWALL (Anas strepera).

A single Gadwall was recorded from Haselbeach, Northamptonshire,
on the 27th of July.

THE TEAL (WNettion crecca).

A few records of this species were received between the 25th of July
and the 19th of September, but the numbers were very small and there
was nothing to show that the birds were not resident in the localities
whence they were reported. The only evidence of migration was the
arrival of a dozen in N.E. Surrey on the 26th of September at a spot
where a single pair only had been seen previously.

THE WIGEON (Mareca penelope).

A single bird was seen in N.E. Norfolk on the 2nd of August, some
returned to Linlithgow Loch on the 26th and to Cromarty Firth two
days later, here their numbers had increased to about a hundred by
September the 4th and three birds were seen in N.E. Surrey on the
11th of September. On the §.E. coast of Yorkshire the first migrants
were noticed on the 20th of September and single birds were seen there
on the 30th and on the 6th of October, a flock arrived on the 10th and a
larger one on the 27th, while large numbers were observed passing south
on the 28th of September and a few again on the 23rd of October. The
first migrant appeared at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 11th of October.
On the 29th large numbers were seen flying south along the S.E.
coast of Suffolk, while a flock over 400 strong arrived in N.W. Leicester-
shire on the Ist of November. In the Isle of Man the first migrants
arrived on the 18th and a few more on the 25th of November.

THE POCHARD (Fuligula ferina).

Hight birds arrived on the reservoirs in N.E. Surrey on November the
11th and their numbers gradually increased until by the 21st there were
over one hundred.

THE TUFTED DUCK (Fuligula cristata).

An increase in numbers was noted in N. Cheshire on the 19th of
September, and several were seen in N. Warwickshire on the 14th of
November.

THE LONG-TAILED DUCK (Harelda glacialis).

A single bird was seen in E. Ross-shire on the 26th of September, and
six off Fair Isle on the 14th of October. A few Long-tailed Ducks were
seen from the 15th of October onwards at the Isle of May (Fife) ; the
first one arrived on the S.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 19th, while elght
were seen there on the 27th.

246

THE COMMON SCOTER (demia nigra).

A flock ef Common Scoters was first seen off the Isle of May (Fife) on
the 27th of September, forty were observed flying south past the 8.E. coast
of Yorkshire on October the 10th, and a few arrived at the reservoirs in
N. Leicestershire on the 15th of November.

THE VELVET SCOTER (CGdemia fusca).

Ten birds of this species were noted with the Common Scoters off the
S.E. coast of Yorkshire on October the 10th, while a single bird was seen
there on the 11th, three on the 22nd, and six on the 25rd were flying
south,

THE WOOD-PIGEON (Columba palumbus).

Oct. 2nd. W. coast of Dorset, increase.
Noy. 5th. N.W. coast of Norfolk, 150 arrived from over the sea
between 7 and 8 a.M.

Ps 27th. New Forest district, Hampshire, first large flock seen.
. 30th. New Forest district, a second large flock seen.
Dee. 2nd. = Wiltshire, large flocks arrived and remained.

THE STOCK-DOVE (Columba enas).

Oct. 22nd. New Forest district, Hampshire, large flocks seen.

THE TURTLE-DOVE (Turtur communis).

Turtle-Doves began to move south during the third week in August,
the last pair being seen in Yorkshire on the 22nd, while they were passing
in flocks through mid-Suffolk between the 23rd and the end of the month.
As early as the 20th the local residents took their departure from the
Hampshire coast, the Sussex birds left on the 27th, and a considerable
number left west Kent at the end of the month ; further west, however,
in Wiltshire, the resident birds appear to have remained until at least the
middle of September. On the 24th of August a number of migrants
arrived from the north-west on the Hampshire coast, whence they passed
south four days later, the last one being seen on the 8th of September.
On the 2nd of that month the last bird was seen in N. Cheshire, but the
species was still plentiful in Staffordshire and Shropshire until the 15th,
though all had left by the following day. On the 4th of September a
flock was seen flying high to the south-west in mid-Suffolk, while a
further decrease was recorded in W. Kent, and again on the 7th. On the
9th a flock of 20 (the last) was seen flying south in W. Kent, in E. Kent
single migrants were noticed passing on the 10th, 21st, 22nd and 28rd,

247

and in mid-Suffolk between the 18th and 2Ist. On the night of the
15th/16th single birds were seen at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight)
between 10 p.m. and 5 A.m., and on the next night a single bird was
taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey) at 11 p.m. On the 17th a fresh lot of
migrants arrived in Wiltshire, where they remained for some days, the
majority leaving on the 25th and the remainder on the 27th. A late
strageler was seen in Surrey on the 7th of October.

THE QUAIL (Coturnix communis).

What was presumably a locally bred bevy of eight was found near
Salisbury, Wiltshire, on the 15th of September, but all appear to baye
been shot between that date and the 16th of October.

THE LAND-RAIL (Crex pratensis).

July 3lst. Staffordshire, last heard.
Ang. 3lst. Mull of Galloway Lt. (Wigton), one killed.

Sept. brd. New Forest, Hampshire, one passing.
3 5th. Surrey, one passing.
on 10th. Thanet, EK. Kent, two passing.
R 13th. Staffordshire, one shot; 8. coast of Yorkshire, two
passing.
», Isth/14th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one killed.
: 17th. Wiltshire, one passing.
» 24th/25th. Lynmouth Foreland Lt. (N. Devon), one killed.
- 25th. S. coast of Yorkshire, one passing; Wiltshire, one.

» 2oth/26th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one killed.
Oct. Ist & 3rd. New Forest, one passing.

o 2nd. ‘Thanet, one passing.
is 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one.
3 ord. § N. Somerset, one seen.

THE WATER-RAIL (Rallus aquaticus).

Sept. 10th/llth. St. Catherme’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few from 1 to
4 AM.
» lth/12th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), two at 9.30 and 11.20 p.m.
» l5th/16th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), one killed at midnight.
» 26th/27th. Bardsey Lt., one killed between | and 1.30 a.m.
¥ 27th. Yarmouth (Norfolk), one found dead under the
telegraph-wires.
Oct. 11th/12th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the
mouth of the Thames), two at 10.15 p.m, and 2.40
AM.; Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v. (Norfolk), two at 3 a.m.
14th/15th. Leman and Ower Lt.-y. (Norfolk), one.

)

248

Oct. 16th/]7th. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), one.
4 23rd. Near Exeter (Devon), one found dead under the
telegraph-wires.
5 24th. Tiree (Argyll), one.
= 29th. S. Yorkshire coast, eight seen.
Nov. 4th/5th. Bardsey Lt., six at midnight; Spurn Head Lt. (York-
shire), one; Seven Stones Lt.-v.(Isles of Scilly), a
few at 10 P.M.
» 5th/6th. Bardsey Lt., many between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m.; 50
killed !
», L9th/20th. Lynmouth Foreland Lt. (N. Devon), several at 3.20
AGM
Dec. 9th/10th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), one at 3.30 a.m.

THE MOORHEN (Gallinula chloropus).

Oct. 10th/11th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), two killed.
Dec, 22nd. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the
mouth of the Thames), one taken.

THE STONE-CURLEW ( Gdicnemus scolopax).

A decrease was noted in the numbers of the resident birds in S.E.
Suffolk on the 31st of August.

THE DOTTEREL (Ludromias morinellus).

Two were killed against the lantern of Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire)
at 10 p.m. on the 24th of August.

THE RINGED PLOVER (4yialitis hiaticola).

A decided increase in numbers was noted on the 8.E. coast of Sussex
on the 24th of July, and during the last days of that month as well as
during August several records were received from inland stations: thus,
two were seen in Northamptonshire on the 29th of July and the 23rd of
August, five were seen flying to the S.W. in Hertfordshire on the 30th of
July, small parties were seen in the same county on the 15th and 29th
of August, while some were heard passing over in W. Kent early on the
morning of the 18th.

On the coast of Lancashire the local residents remained in small
parties up to the 12th of August, between that date and the 15th they
gradually collected into large flocks and departed on the 16th; numbers
of migrants arrived on the 18th and passed on by the 21st. An increase

249

was noted in 8. Devonshire on the 28th. On the 12th and 19th of
September single birds were seen in Hertfordshire, and on the 6th and
21st small numbers were passing on the N.E. coast of Yorkshire, while
on the night of the 27th/28th one was killed at Spurn Head Light.

On the 5th/6th of November several were seen at Bardsey Light
(Carnarvon) between 10 p.m. and 5 A.M.

THE KENTISH PLOVER (¢gialitis cantiana).

Single birds were observed on the coast of Kent up to the 12th of
September.

THE GOLDEN PLOVER (Charadrius pluvialis).

On the night of the 7th/8th of July a large number of Golden Plovers
were heard passing over in N. Cheshire, on the 8th migration was noted
as having begun in Fifeshire, and in the former county a few were again
heard on the night of the 19th/20th ; similarly in mid-Suffolk numbers
were passing on the nights of the 15th/14th and 25th/26th and these
were apparently heading 8.E. On the 7th of August a great many were
observed on the Cromarty Firth.

On the Ist of September a small party arrived on the N. coast of
Norfolk, where the species was seen in fluctuating numbers (never more
than 20) on the 7th, 9th, 10th, 13th, 15th and 17th, their stay on each
day being apparently of only a few hours duration. On the 17th flocks
were arriving at Tiree (Argyll) and on the 20th at Fair Isle (Shetland).
On the 19th a large flock arrived at their usual winter-quarters in N.
Cheshire, on the 22nd the first bird arrived on the Isle of May (Fife)
and was followed by four more on the 25th, on the latter date the first
arrival was noticed in the Isle of Man, and during the last week of the
month several flocks arrived in N.E. Suffolk.

On the night of the Ist/2nd October a flock passed over the city of
York at 10.30 p.m. and on the following day the first large flock (200)
was seen in N. Lancashire. On the 14th a large flock passed over N.E.
Yorkshire and on the 29th another was seen flying W. on the N.E. coast
of Norfolk.

On the 4th/5th of November a few occurred at Spurn Head Light
(Yorkshire); on the 27th there was a large increase in the Isle of Man,
a small flock arrived in N. Leicestershire on the 8th, remaining a few
days, and on the 15th fifty were seen in Staffordshire.

On the nights of 15th/16th, 16th/17th and 17th/18th of December
large emigratory movements were observed-at the Eddystone Light
(Cornwall), large numbers being seen throughout the first and second
nights and from 6.80 to 9 P.M. on the last.

R

250

THE GREY PLOVER (Sguatarola helvetica).

Sept. 10th/llth. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few from 1 to
4 A.M.
+4 28th. S. coast of Yorkshire, great increase.
Oct. Ist/2nd. Yorkshire, a large flock heard passing at 10.30 P.M.

THE LAPWING (Vanellus vulgaris).

At the beginning of August the local birds had assembled in large
flocks in East Anglia, and the first large flock was noticed in Shropshire
on the 23rd. On the 2nd of September a flock arrived from the east in
the Iste of Man, between the 8th and 21st large flocks arrived in
Leicestershire and on the 25th a flock was observed passing south-west
across S. Somerset.

The first east coast immigrants arrived on the 8.E. of Suffolk on
the 11th of September, but this movement does not appear to have
commenced in earnest until the end of the month. On the 2=th the first
flock arrived from the east on the S.E. coast of Yorkshire and passed
on to the south, and other similar arrivals were witnessed on the 10th of
October, while movements to the south, doubtless of birds that had
arrived from over the sea, were observed on the 30th of September, and
on the 4th, 9th, 10th, 14th, 17th and 23rd of October, as well as during
the night of the 26th/27th, when birds also occurred at Spurn Head
Light. On the 30th of October large numbers coming in from the east
landed on the N-.E. coast of Norfolk in the early morning; on the 4th
of November they continued to arrive all day, and in the early morning
of the 5th they arrived ina continuous stream. On the night of the
Ath/5th a few were again noticed at Spurn Head Light. On the S.E.
coast of Suffolk similar immigrations were noticed on the 18th, 20th and
26th of November.

In the west fresh birds arrived in 8. Devonshire on the 28th and 30th
of October and in the Isle of Man on the 81st, while the returns from
that island between the 3rd and 14th of November, and from Bardsey
(Carnarvon) and the South Bishop (Pembroke) Lights on the 5th/6th,
18th/14th and 15th/16th, indicated a considerable emigratory movement
from the west cuast of England during that period.

An emigratory movement took place from the south coast in mid-
December, as was indicated by the returns from St. Catherine’s Light
(Isle of Wight) and from Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the nights of
the 15th/16th and 16th/17th.

A few birds were again observed at Spurn Head Light on the night of
tue 17th/18th of December.

Zoe

THE TURNSTONE (Sérepszdas interpres).

A single bird arrived on the KE. coast of Sussex on the 16th of July
and remained until the 24th. On the Ist of August Turnstones were
reported to be arriving in numbers on the Hampshire coast, where they
increased daily, reaching a maximum onthe 11th; after that date a rapid
diminution took place, the last one being seen on the 28th. On the
19th the first bird was noted on the 8. coast of Devonshire and large
numbers arrived on the 28th. Two or three birds arrived on the S.E.
coast of Kent on the 22nd of August and others on the 24th, while three
passing birds were noticed on the N.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 6th of
September.

THE OYSTER-CATCHER (Hematopus ostralegus).

A single Oyster-catcher arrived on the 8.E. coast of Kent on the 8th
of August, on the 18th twenty-eight appeared and by the 24th their
numbers had risen to over eighty. On the 15th a single bird was taken
at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk), and on the 27th a few passing
birds were noted on the N.E. coast of Yorkshire, where others were
noted on the Ist and 21st of September, while on the N. coast of Norfolk
single migrants were seen on the Ist, 2nd and 13th. Between the 5th
and 18th of September a few birds were taken in the flight-nets on the
N.W. coast of Lancashire, but it was noted that by the latter date the
large flocks had not yet arrived. From thirty to forty passing birds
were noted in the Isle of Man on the 31st of October.

THE WOODCOCK (Scolopar rusticula).

The earliest immigrant Woodeocks on the east coast arrived in S.E.
Suffolk on the 2nd and 26th of September, but the movement does not
appear to have commenced in earnest until mid-October. On the
1Sth/14th of that month the first bird was taken at Coquet Island Light
(Northumberland) at 2 a.m., and four found on the island the next day
left for the south at 3 p.m. On the 18th one was recorded from
Dunrossness (Shetland), on the 19th/20th a single bird was killed at
Winterton Light (Norfolk) at 4.80 a.., on the 26th the first arrivals
appeared on the 8.E. coast of Yorkshire, and several more were seen at
Withernsea Light on the 27th/28th, when there was also a large arrival
on the Norfolk coast. A farther small number of immigrants arrived in
S.E. Yorkshire on the morning of the 29th, and on the following night
many appeared in N.E. Suffolk. Further small arrivals occurred on the
S.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 3lst and on the Ist, 5th and 14th of
November, while six were seen at the Shipwash Light-vessel (Suffolk)
on the Ist/2nd, one at Whitby Light (Yorkshire) on the 2nd, seven at

R2

252

Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) early on the evening of the 4th, and one
at the Inner Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) on the 5th. On the
2nd the first birds were seen in Northamptonshire, on the 4th a large
number arrived in Thanet (E. Kent) and on the 10th in Shetland.
On the 2nd of December two were noted flying north at Cromer Light
(Norfolk),

On the 31st of October the first bird was seen in KE. Devon and on the
same day the keeper of Lundy Island N. Light reported that some had
arrived. The first arrivals in the New Forest district of Hampshire were
recorded on the 5th of November, many appeared there on the 8th and
more on the 15th and 28th, Emigratory movements were noted from
the west coast at the Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 4th/5th
and the 5th of November, at the same lighthouse, the Seven Stones
Light-vessel (Isles of Scilly) and Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the
dth/6th, at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 7th/8th, and again
at Bardsey Light on the 12th/18th of December.

THE COMMON SNIPE (Gallinago celestis).
Sept. 13th/1l4th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one killed between 8 and

10 p.m.

» 24th/25th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), one killed between 2 and
2.30 A.M.

s 25th. Lerwick and Fair Isle (Shetland), many arrived.

Oct. 30th. Tivee (Argyll), numerous.
Nov. 5dth/6th. Bardsey Lt., several between 10 p.m and 5 a.M.
,, 13th/14th. Bardsey Lt., numbers apparently flying 8. from 1 to
4 A.M.

14th. Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), large nxmbers.

15th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), large numbers,

25rd. Tiree (Argyll), numerous.

Dec: 2st. Mull (Argyll), numerous.

THE JACK-SNIPE (Gadlinago gallinula).

Sept. 2st. S. coast of Yorkshire, first seen.
», 24th/25th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), several between 9 and
1] P.M.
Oct. 9nd. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived.
3 Ath. Northumberland, first seen.
5 8th. S.E. Suffolk, first seen.
tf 14th. Cumberland, first seen ; N.E. Suffolk, a few arrived.
7 22nd. N.E. Suffolk, a few more arrived.

25th. S. coast of Yorkshire, a few fresh arrivals.

253

Noy. 5th/6th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), several between 10 p.m. and
5 AM.
» 18th/14th. Bardsey Lt., numbers from 1] to 4 a.m, apparently
flying S.
v3 29th. Dorset, first seen.
Dec. 12th/13th. Bardsey Lt., a few from 10 p.m. to 7 A.M., apparently
flying S.
» l6th/17th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one Ikrilled at
4.30 A.M.

THE DUNLIN (Tringa alpina).

Immature Dunlins began to arrive on the south coast in July, and
quite a number of records of passing birds were received from inland
localities during the latter half of that month and during August. The
first migrants (a large flock) arrived on the Hampshire coast on the 2nd
of July and on the coast of E. Sussex on the 15th; in the former locality
small flocks were seen daily after the 2nd, a further arrival took place in
Sussex on the 18th and these had mostly passed on by the 24th. The
inland records include 8.W. Surrey on the 15th and 25th, N. Warwick-
shire from tke 22nd to the 24th, N. Northamptonshire on the 23rd, 27th,
29th, the 10th and 28rd of August, Hertfordshire on the 25th of July,
the 15th and 29th of August, the 12th and 19th of September, and
W. Kent on the 18th of August.

A large number of Dunlins arrived on the Lincolnshire coast on the
3rd of August and on the S.E. coast of Suffolk on the 26th, while in the
west a large flock arrived in the Isle of Man during the third week of

. that month and a few were caught in the flight-nets on the Lancashire
coast between the 5th and 18th of September. After September the only
records received were a few from the lights. Two birds struck Spurn
Head Light (Yorkshire) at 1 a.m. on the 38rd/4th of October, and a few
were seen at that light on the nights of the 10th/11th ard 14th/15th of
December, while numbers apparently flyimg south were recorded at
Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) between 1 and 4 a.m. on the 13th/14th of

November.

THE LITTLE STINT (Tringa minuta).

Single birds were seen at Tring, Herts, on the 29th of August, and at
Aberlady, Haddington, on the 4th of September, at Cley, Norfolk, on the
17th, and on Fair Isle, Shetland, on the 30th.

THE CURLEW-SANDPIPER (Tringa subarquata).

Three were seen on Sandwich Flats (HE. Kent) on the 21st of August,
two at Edenmouth (Fife) on the 31st, and single birds at Tring (Herts)
on the 29th of August and the 12th of September, and at Cley (Norfolk)

254

on the 4th and 7th of September, while a flock arrived at Cley late on
the afternoon of September the 4th, and on the same day five or six
were seen at Aberlady (Haddington).

THE KNOT (Tringa canutus).

Small numbers were reported to have stayed throughout the summer
on the Cromarty Firth. Single Knots arrived in the Isle of Man on the
19th of August, in EK. Kent on the 24th and at Tring (Herts) on the 12th
of September. Moderate numbers were seen on the N. coast of Norfolk
on the Ist and 2nd of September and several passing birds made short
halts there on the 3rd, 4th, 6th, 10th and 18th. A few were recorded
from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 10th/11th of September
and two from Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 9th/l0th of October.
The remaining records all came from Spurr Head Light (Yorkshire),
where small numbers were reported on the 12th/13th of September,
6th/7th, 10th/llth, 27th/28th of October, 3rd/4th and 13th/14th of
November, and large numbers on the 4th/5th; but it should be pointed
out that these records do not necessarily all refer to birds actually
migrating.

THE SANDERLING (Calidris arenaria).

One or two Sanderlings were seen on the coast of E. Sussex on the
15th of July and a small increase occurred there three days later. Three
or four passing birds were seen on the Isle of Man on the 22nd and 27th
of August, and large flocks arrived on the Ist of September on the
S. coast of Devon, where even larger numbers arrived on the following
day and passed quickly on. The only other bird seen in that locality
was a solitary individual on the 4th. Large numbers in company with
other Waders passed along the coast of EZ. Sussex on the night of the
10th/11th of September.

THE RUFF (Machetes pugnaz).

Single birds were seen on the E. Sussex coast on July the 20th, in
I. Renfrew on the 29th of August and the 12th of September, on the
N. Norfolk coast on the lst and 16th of September, and on the Lanca-
shire coast on the J8th of that month.

THE COMMON SANDPIPER (Totanus hypoleucus).

On the 17th of July the first movement was noticed in E. Fife.
Between the 19th and 51st a decrease was noted in the breeding popula-
tion of Radnorshire, those in N. Staffordshire left on the 9th of August,
and the Cumberland birds on the 21st. Throughout the latter half of
July and the whole of August records were numerous from inland
counties remote from the birds’ breeding-haunts, clearly pointing to a
general southerly movement. In most instances the birds seem to have

259

travelled in small companies, though one or two records of birds passing
at night from the southern counties seem to indicate somewhat larger
gatherings, while movements of considerable magnitude were noticed on
the Lancashire coast on the 28th of July, between the 9th and the 14th
of August and on the 9th of September, likewise in the Isle of Man
on the Ist, 8th and 9th of August. During the first half of September
the inland records fell off rapidly, showing that the majority of the birds
had already passed south, whil2 even on the east coast they relate
entirely to single passing birds. A straggler was seen on the 8. coast of
Yorkshire as late as the 21st of October.

The first migrants reached the coast of EH. Sussex on the 17th of July,
wheuce they departed to the south-west on the 23rd. On the coast of
W. Dorset the first bird arrived on the 29th and was followed by a few
more on the 8th of August, on which date they were recorded for the
first time from E. Kent, while in 8. Devon small parties were passing
between the 2nd und the 22nd. A large number arrived on the Hamp-
shire coast on the 50th of August, and these were supplemented by
others during the night ot the 2nd/srd of September. On the 10th many
arrived in small parties on the Dorset coast and passed on, while the
Hampshire birds departed gradually between the llth and the 15th. In
both of these districts stragglers were noted on various dates up to the
end of the month and in Hampshire on the 9th and 18th of October
as well.

THE GREEN SANDPIPER (Totanus ochropus).

Passing birds were seen in N. Leicestershire at the end of July, in
Hertfordshire on the 15th of August, and in Wiltshire and Northampton-
shire on the 31st.

THE REDSHANK (Totanus calidris).

June 25th. S. Devon, flock of thirty seen.
July 19th/20th. Watford, Herts, heard passing at 11.25 P.M.
Aug. 8th. S. Devon, small flock.

,», [8th to 15th. Lancashire coast, increase.

sf 17th. Lancashire coast, all passed on.

» 17th/18th. W. Kent, large numbers heard passing in the early
morning.

5 18th. Lancashire coast, a few arrived.

5 28th. Lancashire coast, large numbers.

Sept. 9thto29th. S. Devon, a few passing.
10th/llth. St. Catherine’s Lt. (isle of Wight), a few from 1 to
4 A.M.
Dec. 12th/18th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), a few apparently flying S.
between 10 p.m. and 7 A.M.

”

bo
Or
(oP)

THE GREENSHANK (Totanus canescens).

A party of five were seen at Poole, Dorset, on the 8th of August, and
four arrived at Tring, Hertfordshire, on the 12th of September and
remained a weelx,

THE BAR-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lappenica).

Small numbers were reported to have stayed throughout the summer
on the Cromarty Firth.

A single bird was seen passing on the Yorkshire coast on the Ist of
September, and on the 7th some 1200 arrived on the Solway. Single
passing birds were seen on the N. coast of Norfolk on the 10th and 17th,
and a few daily on the Isle of Man from the 22nd to the 26th. Several
arrived on the Dorset coast on the Ist of October and four more on
the Isle of Man on the 14th. Between 1 and 4 a.m. on the 13th/14th of
November a considerable number were noticed at Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon),
apparently flying south.

THE BLACK-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa belgica).

Single birds were seen on Sandwich Flats (E. Kent) on the 18th and
24th of August.

THE CURLEW (Numenius arquata).

Records from inland counties in July indicated that Curlews had
commenced their southward journey and numbers were heard at night
passing over in Hertfordshire on the 14th/15th and in Norfolk on the
24th/25th, while the first arrival was noted on the E. Sussex coast on
the 19th.

The breeding-haunts of this bird in the Pennines were gradually
deserted between the 2nd and 8th of August, when family parties were
daily seen flying across to the Solway, the last birds passing on the 20th
and the 28th. At Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) a few were seen at 3 A.M.
on August the 14th/1d5th.

On the 8th/9th of September several passed the Kentish Knock Light-
vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), between 1 and
2A.M., on the following night many passed over Lincoln, at 6 a.m. on
the 11th and on the 183th a few were seen at the Owers Light-vessel
(Sussex), and on the following night one was seen at Spurn Head Light
(Yorkshire) at midnight. On the night of the 28th/29th of September
many passed over Suffolk at 11 p.m., and a flock was recorded from the
S. Bishop Light (Pembroke) at 4 a.m. on the 16th of November.

251

THE WHIMBREL (Numenius pheopus).

Like the Curlew, the Whimbrel was reported as passing from several
inland counties during the latter half of July, and the first migrants
arrived on the E. Sussex coast on the 15th. During the whole of August
and the first half of September similar records were received, but they
were from widely separated localities and related almost entirely to very
small numbers, so that no definite movements could be traced. There
were, however, arrivals of larger numbers in E. Kent on the 11th of
August and on the Dorset coast on the 26th. Three were seen at Spurn
Head Light (Yorkshire) at midnight of the 18th/19th of August, and two
or three were seen daily on the Isle of May (Fife) from the 14th to the
25th of September. The latest record was of two birds seen on the
Dorset coast on the Ist of October.

THE BLACK TERN (Aydrochelidon nigra).

Aug. 3rd. N. Anglesey coast, one seen.
Sept. . Sth. Hants coast, one seen.

, 16th/17th. Hanois Lt. (Guernsey), one killed at 11 P.M.

THE SANDWICH TERN (Sterna cantiaca).

The majority of the parent birds with their young left the Cumberland
breeding-area between the 10th and the 22nd of July, the last pair being
observed on the 80th. The last members of the colony on the Farne
Islands (Northumberland) left on the 29th of August and were recorded
on the same day passing down the Durham coast. Large numbers were
seen off the Fifeshire coast on the 24th and 31st of August.

THE COMMON TERN (Sterna fluviatilis).

On the 20th of July two were seen inland in Northamptonshire, and
during August and September several similar records of passing migrants
were received from Shropshire, while one was seen as late as the 10th of
October in N.E. Surrey and on the 18th in Leicestershire. The breeding-
birds in S.E. Suffolk began to depart on the 10th of August and had nearly
all gone by the 29th. The main southward passage along the Lancashire
coast seems to have taken place during the first fortnight in August, but
another flight of migrants began about the 5th of September, and between
the 11th and 18th many were caught there in the flight-nets. The last
birds left the Aberdeenshire coast on the 8th of September.

258

THE ARCTIC TERN (Sterna macrura).

Aiea) ord: Lincoln coast, many hundreds passing.
» 22nd/23rd. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), seven.
6 27th. S. coast of Devon, three seen.

9 29th. Farne Islands (Northumberland), the last of breeding-
colony left; Durham coast, many passing.

Sept. Ist. Durham coast, one only, the last.

Pe 4th. Cromarty Firth, last seen.

» 5th. Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), last seen.

», L1th/12th,

22nd/25rd & + Lerwick Lt. (Shetland), many passing.

24th/25th.

» 2lst/22nd. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), numbers.

,, 22nd/23rd. Fair Isle Lt. (Shetland), numbers.
Oct. 9th. Northumberland, one seen.

ss 19th. S. Yorkshire coast, one seen.

THE LITTLE TERN (Sterna minuta).

July 18th. S.W. Surrey, two.

Aug. Ist to 15th. Lancashire coast, many passing.
9 10th. S.E. coast of Suffolk, first departure of breeding-birds.
% 29th. S.E. coast of Suffolk, nearly all gone.
. 3lst. Hertfordshire, two.

THE LITTLE GULL (Larus minutus).

Oct. oth. Cresswell, Northumberland, one seen.

THE BLACK-HEA DED GULL (Larus ridibundus).

Black-headed Gulls arrived in Mull (Argyll) on the 7th of July, on
the Fifeshire coast on the 8th, and were seen returning to the coast from
inland breeding-haunts in Suffolk on the 9th and 10th and in Nor-
thumberland on the 12th. Other records received between the 10th of
July and the 5lst of August from Shropshire, Warwickshire, North-
amptonshire, Hertfordshire and Surrey refer to single wandering birds.
One was killed at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 19th/20th
of October.

THE COMMON GULL (Larus canus) and
THE HERRING-GULL (Larus argentatus).

A few records were received of these species between the 20th of July
and the 4th of October from inland localities, but with the exception of

thirty Herring-Gulls flying N.E. over Shropshire on the 6th of August,
they all refer to quite small numbers of casual wanderers. Large
arrivals of Herring-Gulls took place on the 8.E. coast of Suffolk on the
18th of September and of Common Gulls at Fair Isle (Shetland) on
the 5th and 14th of October.

THE LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larus fuscus).

A small migration seems to have taken place down the Yorkshire
coast on the 25th of July and again on the 6th and 7th of August.
Other records refer to casual wanderers only.

THE GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larus marinus).

A few passed down the Yorkshire coast on the 5th and 7th of August,
and on the lst of October hundreds were seen all day in small parties
flying west along the N. coast of Norfolk.

RICHARDSON’S SKUA (Stercorarius crepidatus).

The first migrants were seen off the Yorkshire coast on the 2Ist of
August and off the Durham cvast on the 29th. Others visited the
N. coast of Norfolk on the lst and 20th of September and the Yorkshire
coast on the 10th, 11th, 12th and 21st.

THE RAZORBIL| (Alca torda).

Oct. 8th to 23rd. Isle of May (Hife), some going south every day.
» 10th/11th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one.

THE SLAVONIAN GREBE (Podicipes auritus).

One was seen in Shropshire on the 11th of December.

THE LITTLE GREBE (Podicipes fluviatilis).

Oct. 10th/11th. Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), one killed at 11.36 p.m.
,, 12th/13th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one killed at midnight.

THE STORM-PETREL (Procellaria pelagica).
Sept. 22nd/28rd. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one killed at 4 a.m.
Oct. 9th/10th, | St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one taken each

11th/l2th &
17th/18th. night.

Noy. 2nd/8rd. Spurn Head Lt., two killed at 9 p.m.

260

Noy. 4th/5th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one killed.
» 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt., one or two at midnight.
» l0th/l1lth. St. Catherine’s Lt., one at midnight.
» 14th/15th. Spurn Head Lt., one or two at midnicht.
Wee yelalith: Bass Rock Lt., one.

», 16th/17th &

17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one each night.

LEACH’S FORK-TAILED PETREL (Oceanodroma leucorrhoa).

Aug. 26th. Sule Skerry Lt. (Orkney), two killed.
Oct. 9th/10th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one struck at
2.30 P.M.
op 15th. Yarmouth, Norfolk, one found dead.

THE MANX SHEARWATER (Puffinus anglorum).

Aug. 15th &17th. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), one each night.
, 14th/15th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), several at 2 a.m.
Sept. 14th/15th. 8. Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), two struck.

261

DETAILS OF THE CHIEF MOVEMENTS

OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT-STATIONS DURING

Aug.

~
~

~
~~

Me
~~

8th.

10th.

11th,

12th.

13th.

14th/15th.

15th.

17th.

17th/18th.

THE AUTUMN OF 1909.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of ‘ Ducks” flying S.W. at
3.20 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 4. Blue sky and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Kight “Terns” flying W.S.W. at 2 P.M.
Wind N.E. by E. 3. Blue sky; clear.

Varne Lt-v.— A flock of “Ducks” flying W. at
3.30 P.M. Calm; blue sky.

Chicken Rock Lt—A Swallow round the Lighthouse
at noon, Wind §.8.W., fresh. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v—One Swallow flying S.S.W. at 9 a.m.
Wind $.8.W. 1. Blue sky and clear.

Varne L.-v.—One “Tern” flying S. at 5.15 p.m. Wind
S. by W.1. Cloudy.

Bardsey [t.—Several Manx Shearwaters at 2 A.M., and
a few Wheatears, Garden-Warblers and Curlews at
3AM. Wind N.E.4to6. Dark, heavy rain.

New Moon.

Smith's Knoll Lt.-v.— One Oyster-catcher at noon.
Wind 8.W. 2. Fog.

Varne Lt.-v.—A large flock of “ Ducks” flying W. at
6pm. Calm. Blue sxy and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.— A flock of “ Ducks” flying W. at
6.30 p.m. Wind EK. by N.2. Cloudy.

Chicken Rock Lt,—Hundreds of Wheatears and a single
Starling from 10 p.m. to daylight; numbers were
Killed and fell in the sea. Wind N. 2. Haze and

rain,

Aug.

”?

18th/19th.

20th/21st.

21st/22nd.

22nd.

29nd /23rd.

24th.
24th/25th.

25th/26th.

26th/27th.

262

Bardsey Lt. — Three Sedge-Warblers at midnight.
Wind W. 5. Starlight.

Spurn Head Lt. — Three Whimbrel at midnight.
Wind §.8.W.4. Cloudy and gloomy.

Spurn Head Lt.— Six “ Flycatchers” at midnight.
Wind W.S.W. 5. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt—Four “Flycatchers” at midnight.
Wind W. 38, Clear.

Bardsey Lt.—A flock of 100 “ Wagtails” flying S. at
8.30 A.M.

Bardsey Lt.—Seven Arctic Terns with a small Gull
and several Waders from 10.30 p.m. to daylight.
Wind 8.S.W. 4. Dark and raining.

Spurn Head Lt.—Five Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind
W.S.W. 4.

Winterton LIt.—One Starling at 2.80 a.m. Wind
S.W. 1. Clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

St. Catherines Lt. — Several Willow- Warblers at
38am. Wind W.N.W. 4. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—Two Dotterels killed at 10 P.M.
Wind 8.W. 4 to N.W. 5. Cloudy and gloomy to

misty rain,

St. Catherine's Lt.—Several Whitethroats, Willow-
and Sedge- Warblers and Tree-Pipits at 3. a.m. Wind
N.N.W. 3. Overcast.

South Foreland L1.—Six Sedge-Warbiers at 2.15 a.M.
Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Willow-Warblers at 11 p.m.
Wind N.W.5. Misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.--Several Whitethroats, Wheat-
ears, Sedge-Warblers and a Garden-Warbler from
2to 2.50 a.m. Wind N.4. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt—A Swift at 7.30 pa. A few

Wheatears and Willow-Warblers at 3 am, Wind
N.W. 3 to W. 2. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three “ Flycatchers” and a Thrush
at midnight. Wind variable. Clear; passing
showers.

Aug,

» 27th/28th.

”

» 29th/30th.

”

Sept.

”

”

27th.

29th.

dlst.
Ist.

1st/2nd.

2nd.

3rd/4th.

Ath.

6th.

6th/7th.

7th/Sth.

263

South Foreland Lt.—Hundreds of Swifts, Swallows
and House-Martins round the lighthouse from 4 to
10 a.M., when they left for the south. Wind
N.W. 2. Hazy.

St. Catherine's Lt.— Several Wheatears, Redstarts,
Whitethroats and Willow-Warblers, single Garden-
and Sedge-Warblers, a Chiffchaff and a Spotted
Flycatcher. Wind N.E. 5. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—Scores of Swifts, Swallows and
House-Martins flying S. at 6 a.m. Wind W. 2.
Blue sky with clouds.

St. Catherine's Lt. — A single Wheatear killed at
34M. Wind N.N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Full Moon.

Longships Lt.—Small flocks of “ Kittiwakes,” Razor-
bills and Guillemots flying S. daily up to the first
week of November. Wind N. to N.E. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—Small numbers of “ Linnets”’ and
Greenfinches flying 8. at noon. Wind N.W. 3.
Cloudy.

Eddystone Lt.—A single Ring-Ouzel at 11 p.m, and a
few Wheatears and Pied Wagtails at midnight.
Wind N. 1. Clouds passing.

Spurn Head Lt.—Two “ Flycatchers” at midnight.
Wind W.S.W. 38. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—A few Swallows flying S.W. at
5.30 P.M. Wind N.E.1. Blue sky.

Eddystone Lt.—Three Wheatears at 8 P.M.,a Black-
bird and several Song-Thrushes at 10 p.m. Wind
W.N.W. 4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v—A few Swallows flying S. at 10 a.m.
Wind W. 5. Raining.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Eddystone Lt.—Two Ring-Ouzels and three W heatears
at ll p.m. Wind W.N.W.6. Clouds passing.

St. Catherines Lt. — Several Whitethroats, Willow-

Wazblers and a Wheatear from 12-4 a.m. Wind
N. 2. Cloudy.

Sept. 8th/9th.

at 9th.

9th/10th.

,, 10th/11th.

te all th:

264

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.-—Several Curlews from 1 to 2 A.M.
Wind N.N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Owers Lt.-v.—Six Sky-Larks round the lantern from
9.40 p.m. to midnight. Wind N.E. 6. Clear,
raining.

Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Wagtails” and other small
birds flying S.

Owers [t.-v.—A few Sky-Larks flying N.E. at 8.15 and
10.10 a.m. Wind N.E. 5. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Twelve Sky-Larks round the lantern
from 1 a.m. to 4.20 a.m., when they departed to the
N.E. Wind N.E. 6. Clear, raining.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A few Garden- and Sedge- Warblers
with single Blackcaps, Redstarts and Song-Thrushes
from 12-3 a.m. Wind E.N.E.4. Rain.

Spurn Head Lt. — Three Whitethroats at 1 a.m.
Wind $.E. 3. Cloudy.

Bardsey It. — Several Sedge-Warblers at 11 P.M.
Wind E.3. Starlight, but hazy.

Chicken Rock Lt.—One or two “‘ Wagtails,” Wheatears
and ‘ Robins” between 1 A.M. and dawn. Wind E.,
light. Hazy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A large number of Wheatears
from 1 to 3 am. Wind E.S.E. 5. Overcast.
Lightning.

Owers Lt.-v.—Anbout fifty Song-Thrushes, Curlews and
small birds at the lantern all night; left for the N.E.
at 6 a.m. Wind N.E. 3. Overcast, with misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.— One or two Wheatears, Grey
Plover, Water-Rails, Redshanks and Knots from
lto4am., Wind N.E.4. Rain.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Song-Thrushes, Starlings
and Sky-Larks flying 8.E. at 3.50 p.m. Wind §.E,

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several flocks of small birds
passing W. during the day, but at too great a distance
for identification. Several ‘ Ducks” flying E. at
10am. Wind S. 4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—A Song-Thrush flying N.E. at 10 a.m.,
three Chaffinches S.W. at 10.20 a.m, Wind S.E. 3
to 8.E. by E. 4. Clear.

[
i

Sept. 11th/12th.

9

» 12th/18th.

”

”

2th.

oth,

265

Bardsey It.—Two Water-Rails at 9.50 and 11.20 P.m.
A few Whitethroats from 2 to 3,10 a.m. Wind N.E.
2to 4. Overcast.

Chicken Rock Lt. —Two “Robins” at 11 P.M.
Wind E., light. Hazy.

Flatholm Lti.—Several Willow-Warblers and a Red-
start at 3 a.m. Wind —. 3. Clear.

Owers Lit.-v.— Sixty to a hundred Sky-Larks and
Starlings round the light all night, left for the N.E.
at 5.30 a.m. Wind E. 5. Misty.

Bardsey Lt. — Several “Linnets and Sky-Larks ”
flying N.

Smith's Knoll Lt.-v.—Two Wheatears and a Redstart
came or board at 10 a.m. and remained all day.
Calm. Light haze.

Eddystone Lt.—Four Wheatears and three “ Warblers ”’
at 8 p.m. Wind N.N.E.4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v—Numbers of small birds seen at 1.30 A.M.
Wind N. 4. Overcast.

Owers Lt.-v.— Song-Thrushes, “ Hawks” and small
birds round the light all night; left to the N.E. at
5.30 A.M.

St. Catherine's Lt. — Many Willow-Warblers with
several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears, Redstarts, Black-
caps, Whitethroats, Chiffchatffs, Sedge-Warblers,
Spotted and Pied Flycatchers, from 2.30 a.m. till
daybreak. Wind N.E. 4. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—A Starling and four Knots at 2 a.m.
Wind N.E. 5. Cloudy and raining.

Cromer Lt.—About twenty Wheatears about the light-
house at2 p.m. Wind N.E. Clear.

Owers It.-v—A few Song-Thrushes flying E.N.E.,
Curlews N. and small birds 8.8. W. between 7.30 a.m.
and 3.10 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 4 to N. 6. Clear,

raining.

15th/l4th. Anvil Point Lt.—Several Whitethroats from 11 p.m. to

3A4.M. Wind N.N.E. 4. Dark and overcast.
§

Sept. 15th/14th.
(contd.).

» 14th.

14th/15th.

266

Eddystone Lt.—Three Sedge-Warblers at 10 p.m. and
two Yellow Wagtails and five Wheatears at mid-
night. Wind N.E. 4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Sixty to seventy birds round the light
all night; left to the S. at 5.25 a.m. Wind N. 7.
Clear.

St. Catherme’s Lt —A Land-Rail and a Sedge-Warbler.
Wind E.N.E. 8. Clear.

Skerries It.— Several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears,
Whitethroats and a Common Snipe between 8 and
10 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 3. Very dark.

Spurn Head Lt.—One Curlew at midnight. Wind
E.N.E. 6. Rain.

New Moon.

Owers [t.-v.—A few Sky-Larks and Blackbirds flying
N. and N.W. between 6 a.m. and 2 p.m. Wind
N.N.E. 7 to N.E. 4. Clear to rain.

St. Catherines Lt.—Great numbers of Wheatears seen
round the lighthouse.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears and
Whitethroats on the island.

Bardsey Lt.— Hundreds of Whitethroats, Willow-
Warblers and Chiffchaffs between 2 and 5 A.M.
Wind S.E. 4. Hazy.

Hartland Point Lt.—A single Pied Wagtail at 2 a.m.
Wind E.N.E. 2. Clear, very dark.

Lundy North [t.—A great number of small birds all
night; Chiffchaffs and Whitethroats killed.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Two Willow- Warblers, two Sedge-
Warblers and a Tree-Pipit from 3 to 4am. Wind
N.E. 5. Clear.

Skerries Lt.—Several Chiffchalts at 9 p.m. and at mid-
night. Wind E. 4 to E.S.E. 3. Very dark.

Smalls Lt.—A few Swallows roosting in the tower
windows.

South Bishop [t.—A few Sedge- Warblers and numbers
of Whitethroats between 1] p.m. and 2 a.m. Two
Manx Shearwaters also seen. Wind E. 8 to
S.8.E.2. Clear.

267

Sept. 14th/15th. Withernsea Lt. — A few Sedge-Warblers, 2 a.M.

9

15th/16th.

?

(contd.).
15th.

16th.

Calm. Clear.

Smalls Lt.—From 200 to 300 Swallows passing, from
9tol0am. Wind E.S.E.2. Hazy.

Cromer Lt.—Several Wheatears passing. Wind N.E.
Clear.

Anvil Point Lt—A good number of Whitethroats,
Willow-Warblers, Spotted Flycatchers, Redstarts
and Whinchats from midnight to4a.m. Wind N.E. 4.
Cloudy.

Hartland Point [t.—A few Sedge-Warblers at 3 A.M.
Wind E. 2. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several small birds seen at
ll p.m. Wind S.E.3. Clouds passing.

St. Catherine's Lt. — Large numbers of Willow-
Warblers, Whitethroats, Sedge-Warblers and Spotted
Flycatchers, with single Song-Thrushes, Wheatears,
Garden - Warblers, Chiffchaffs, Tree-Pipits, Pied
Flycatchers, Red-backed Shrikes and Turtle-Doves.
Many birds seen between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m., but at
too great a distance for identification. Wind N.E.
4 to 3. Rain to overcast.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes at 10 p.m. Wind
E.S.E. 3. Very dark.

Smalls Lt—A Water-Rail at midnight. Wind E. 2.
Overcast.

South Bishop Lt—Numbers of Song-Thrushes and one
Yellow Wagtail between 10.30 p.m. and 2.30 4.M.
Wind 8.8.E. 2. Clear.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes on the island.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Fifty “Ducks” flying S.S.W.
at3pmM. Wind E. 3. Overcast and misty.

» 16th/17th. Anvil Point Lt—Several Meadow-Pipits and Chiff-

chaffs from midnight to 3 am. Wind N.E. 4.
Cloudy.

' Bardsey Lt—Three Wheatears, three “ Terns,” and

seyeral Chiffchaffs and Sedge-Warblers from 10 to
11.45 ym. Wind 8.E. 8. Cloudy to starlight and
hazy.

S 2

268

Sept. 16th/17th. Flatholm Zt. —- Several Whitethroats and Willow-

”

(contd.).

17th/18th.

Warblers from 1 to 4 a.m. Wind E. 2. Overcast
and misty.

Hanois It—A few Redstarts and Yellow Wagtails
with a Black Tern and a Turtle-Dove at 11 P.M.
Wind E.N.E. 2. Rain.

Hartland Point Lt.—Three Redbreasts between mid-
night and 3.a.M. Wind E.1toS.3. Blue sky.

Kentish Knock LIt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks at 6.45 p.m.
and3am. Wind E.S.E.2toS.E.2. Misty.

Lundy North Lt.—A large number of small birds from
midnight to sunrise; one Redstart killed.

Owers Lt.-v.—A few Redbreasts, Whitethroats and
Lesser Whitethroats, Chiffchafts, Willow- and Sedge-
Warblers and Spotted Flycatchers from 11 P.M. to
3.30 a.M.; twenty-four birds killed. Cloudy and
misty.

St. Catherine's It.—Thousands of birds flying round
all night. Hundreds of Redstarts, Whitethroats,
Willow-Warblers and Chiffchaffs, smaller numbers
of Song-Thrushes, Wheatears, Blackcaps, Garden-
and Sedge-Warblers, Spotted and Pied Flycatchers,
with a few Starlings, Tree-Pipits, British Redbreasts,
Lesser Whitethroats and Grasshopper-Warblers;
about a hundred birds killed. 12 to 4.80 a.m. Wind
E.N.E. 3. Overcast.

Flatholm Lt.—Many Whitethroats and Willow-War-
blers on the island.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Forty to fifty “Ducks” flying
S.W. at 10 a.m. Wind E. by 8.2. Overcast and
misty.

Anmil Point Lt.—A great number of Whitethroats and
Lesser Whitethroats, Chiffchatls, Redstarts, Willow-,
Sedge- and Grasshopper-Warblers and Spotted Fly-
catchers from 11 p.m. to 4 a.m. Wind N.E. 3.
Overcast.

Eddystone Lt.—A Pied Wagtail and two Wheatears
at 8 p.m. and two Sedge-Warblers at 11 p.m. Wind
W.N.W. 2. Clear.

269

Sept. 17th/18th. Zatholm Lt.—Large numbers of Willow-Warblers,
(contd. ). Chiffchaffs and Whitethroats at 2a.m. Wind HE. 2.
Overcast and misty.

Hanois Lt.—Three Pied Flycatchers at 2.30 a.M.
Calm, overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A moderate number of Sky-
Larks and Redstarts at 2 am. Wind N.N.E. 3.
Overcast and clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—A few Wheatears, Whitethroats and
Lesser Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs and Yellow Wagtails
from 9 P.M. to 3.30 a.m. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Hundreds of Whitethroats and
Spotted Flycatchers, many Chiffchatts, Lesser White-
throats and Sedge-Warblers, with a few Blackcaps,
Redstarts, Willow- and Garden- Warblers, Starlings
and Song-Thrushes, from 10.30 p.m. to 4 a.m. Many
Jalled, also a single Pied Flycatcher and an Aquatic
Warbler. Wind N.E. 3. Overcast.

Withernsea Lt.—A few “ Flycatchers,” 3 a.m. Calm,
Clear.

5 18th. Anvil Point Lt—Hundreds of Swallows gathering at
noon. Wind N.E. 2. Clear.

» 18th/19th. Hanois Lt—A few Sky-Larks and Wheatears from
4to 4.30 a.m. Wind N.E.1to E.1. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v—A few Whitethroats and Chiffchaffs
from 6.30 to 6.40 p.m. Misty.

Whitby Lt.—One Wheatear at 12.15 am. Wind
W.S.W. 2. Clear.

Winterton Lt—One Redstart at 1.10 am. Wind
N.N.W. 2. Overcast.

MS 19th. Anvil Point Lt—Ahbout a thousand Swallows gathering
at 8 AM.; not seen after. Wind N. 1. Fine.

South Goodwin Lt.—Several “Swallows” flying S.W.
by W.at9 a.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Clear.

Tarne Lt.-v.—Ten “Linnets” flying W.N.W. at
10.80 a.m. Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

>

Sept. 19th/20th.

270

Eddystone Lt.—Two Pied Wagtails and three Wheat-
eargat 9 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 3,

Spurn Head Lt.—Four “ Flycatchers” at 10 P.M.
Wind N. 2. Clear.

Withernsea Lt.—A few “ Flycatchers,” 1 a.m. Calm.
Clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A great number of “Swal-
lows” on the island.

Eddystone Lt—A Pied Wagtail and a Sedge-Warbler
at midnight. Wind N.N.E. 2. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A few Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs,
Sedge-Warblers, Spotted Flycatchers, Wheatears,
Redstarts and British Song-Thrushes, two Garden-
Warblers, a Reed- Warbler, a Sky-Lark and a Starling
from 12to4 a.m. Wind N.E.3. Cloudy, overcast at
times.

South Foreland Lt—A flock of about 200 Swallows
flying S.W. at 94.m. Wind N. 2. Cloudy.

South Goodwin Lt.-v—Several “Swallows” flying
S.W. by W. at noon. Wind N.E.2. Clear.

Anvil Point It.—Several Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs
and Spotted Flycatchers from 1 to 4 a.m. Wind
N.N.E. 3. Misty.

Smalls [t.—-A few Wheatears, 3 a.m. Wind N.E. 2.
Overcast.

Moon, First Quarter.

Cromer Lt.—Large numbers of “ Finches,” “ Pipits ”
and Wheatears flying about the lighthouse all day.
Wind §.E. Overcast and misty.

Eddystone Lt.—Two Pied Wagtails seen at 9.50 a.m.
Wind E. 3. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—A flock of about 200 “ Linnets”
flying S. at 8.30 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 2. Misty.

St. Catherine's Lt—A few Whitethroats, Sedge-War-
blers, Chiffchaffs and a Wryneck from 2 to 4.15 a.m,
Wind E. 2. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.--Six Sedge- Warblers at 11.45 p.m.
Wind N. 2. Cloudy and misty.

2

ae

271

Sept. 22nd/23rd. Spurn Head Lt.—One Storm-Petrel at 4a.m. Wind

oe)

”

”

”

(contd.).

28rd.

28rd/24th.

24th.

24th/25th.

E. 2. Dense fog.

Winterton Lt.—Two Sky-Larksat 1.15 a.m. Wind E.
Misty.

Anvil Point Lt.—A good many Wheatears seen during
the day. Wind W.S.W. 3. Passing showers.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—One hundred ‘“ Ducks” flying
S.W. at 9.30 a.m. Wind 8. by W.2. Cloudy and
misty.

Eddystone Lt.—A Pied Wagtail and two Sedge-
Warblers at 10 p.m. Wind 8.W. 5. Clear.

South Fereland Lt.—One or two Redstarts, White-
throats and Meadow-Pipits at 1 am. Wind S8.W. 3.
Clear.

Winterton Lt—Two Song-Thrushes, a Sky-Lark and
a Pied Flycatcher killed at 4 a. Wind 3.W. 1.
Misty.

Anvil Point Li.—A good many Wheatears seen during
the day. Wind W.S.W. 38. Passing showers.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Twenty “Black Ducks” at
9.40 a.m. flying S.S.W. Wind S.W.3to4. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—Numbers of “ Linnets ” passing
S.atQa.m. WindS.2. Misty.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several Swallows at 9.35 a.m.,
thirty at 4 pm., flying W.S.W. Wind S.W. 3.
Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—One Song-Thrush. Wind §.8.W. 2.
Misty.

Bardsey Lt—A moderate number of Whitethroats
at 11.80 p.m., a few Sedge-Warblers, Spotted Fly-
catchers and Willow- Warblers, and a Common Snipe,
from 2 to 2.30 a.m. Wind N.W. 4. Dark and
heavy rain.

Lynmouth Foreland Lt.—One Land-Rail. Wind W. 4.

Rain.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears and
Jack Snipes from 9 to 11 pM. Wind N.N.E, 3.
Cloudy.

272 2
Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other
small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon. Heavy
thunderstorms.

», 25th/26th. Eddystone Lt—A Pied Wagtail and number of

Wheatears at 9.30 p.m. Wind N.W. 4. Clear.

Skerries Lt.—Several Sky-Larks, Blackbirds and a
Blackcap. Wind N.N.W.3. Cloudy.

Smalls Lt.—A few Sedge-Warblers and Pied Fly-
catchers, a Goldcrest and a Land-Rail. Wind
N.W.1toN.E.1. Fog.

Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other
small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon.

Cromer Lt.—A large flock of Starlings flying W. at
9am. Wind N.E. Overcast, with rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Three Starlings flying 8.W. at
8.30 a.m. Wind N. 5. Clouds passing.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v—Three Sky-Larks on deck at
10 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 4, Clear.

South Gcodwin Lt.-v.—Several “ Ducks” flying 8. W.
at 3.40 P.M., and forty to fifty “small birds”’ N.E. at
4PM. Wind N.N.E. 5. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Nine Sky-Larks at 10.15 a.m. and two
at noon flying W.; fifteen Swallows at 10.30 a.m. and
four at 1l a.m. flymg W.N.W. Wind N. 4 to
N.N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Bardsey Lt—A Water-Rail and several Sky-Larks
from 1 to 1.30 am. Wind E. Overcast to
cloudy.

Eddystone Lt—A Pied Wagtail at 2 a.m. and a
Meadow-Pipit at 5 am. Wind E. 3. Cloudy and
misty to clear.

St. Catherines Lt.—Two Sedge-Warblers, White-
throats and a Chiffchaff at 3.80 am. Wind N.E. 3.
Clear. .

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Sky-Lavlis at 11 p.m. Wind
S.8.E. 3. Cloudy but clear,

Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other
small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon,

Sept. 27th.

~

)

» 29th/30th.

”

(contd.).

27th/28th.

28th.

29th.

30th.

273

South Forelund Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings passing
at noon. Wind S.W.38. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of “ Ducks” flying W. at 2 p.m.
and two “ Tit-Larks” flying W.S.W. at 2.30 p.m.
Wind N.N.E. 3 to N.E. 2. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—¥our Starlings and a Ringed Plover.
Wind N. 4. Cloudy but clear.

Bardsey It.—Several * Linnets,’ Chaftinches and other
small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon. Heavy
thunderstorms.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many “Sparrows” flying N.W.
atllam. Wind8.E.1. Clear, raining.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A. Chafinch on board at 7 a.m.
Wind 8.8.E. 38. Overcast.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Six Wheatears flying W. at
noon. Calm. Cloudy and drizzling rain.

Full Moon.

Bardsey Lt,—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other
small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon.

Coquet Island Lt—Flocks of Starlings and Sky-
Larks on the island all day. Wind E.N.E. 3.
Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—About a dozen Swallows flying
south at noon. Wind S.E. 3. Rain.

Eddystone Lt—Four Wheatears, two Pied Wagtails
at 9.30 pM. Wind N.1. Clear.

Cequet Island Lt.—F locks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
on the island all day. Wind 8.W. 1. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few “ Sparrows ” at 10.30 a.m.
Wind W.1. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—F locks of “ Black Ducks” flying
S. at 8 and 8.30 a.m.; two Sky-Larks at 8.30 a.m.
flying 8.S.W., and a dozen “ Ducks ” flying S.W. at
3.15 p.m. Wind N.E. 2 to N.W. 8. Clear to misty
and fog.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Twenty “Ducks” flying S.8.W.
at 10 a.m. Wind N. 2. Cloudy and misty.

274

Sept.30th/Oct.1st. Cromer Lt—A few Starlings at midnight. Wind

Oct.

”

”)

”?

Ist.

2nd.

ord.

drd/4th.

Ath,

S.W. Overcast and misty.

Coquet Island Lt.—Flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings
on the island all day. Wind 8.1. Misty.

Smith's Knoll Lt.-v—Two Tree-Pipits flying W. at
Gam. WindS.W. 2. Overcast and misty.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—A hundred and fifty “Swallows ”
flying S.S.W. at 9.15 a.m. Wind 8. 3. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of Starlings flying W. at 7.30 aM.
Wind 8.E. by E. 4. Cloudy.

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
on the istand all day. Wind 8.W. 5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Starlings flying W.S.W.
at 9.30 a.M. and a few Chaflinches flyng W.N.W. at
3P.M. Wind W.N.W.1to8.2. Misty.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A Swallow seen at 7.15 A.M. ;
forty “Sparrows” on board from 8 A.M. to noon;
two Starlings at 8.10 a.m. and a flock of “ Ducks”
at 10 a.m. flymg 8. by W. Wind N.W. 2 to calm.
Fog.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Ten Tree-Sparrows flying W. at
9a.M. WindS.W.1. Fog.

Coquet Island Lt.—Flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings
on the island all day. Wind 8.E. 3. Overcast.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several “Swallows” flying
S.W. at noon, Wind 8.8.W. 5. Overcast, misty
rain.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of Swallows flying S. at 7.20 a.m.
Wind 8.W. 4. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Two Dunlins at 1 am. Wind
W.S.W. 4. Cloudy but clear,

Coquet Island Lt.—Vlocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings
on the island all day. Wind E. 1. Clear,

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Four Swallows flying S.W. at
8 a.M. - Wind W.S.W. 5. Clear.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—-Twenty-five Swallows flying
S.W. at 2.15 p.m. Wind 8.S.W.7. Clear.

Oct.

”

”

Pd

”

dth.

6th.

6th/7th.

7th.

7th/8th.

Sth.

8th/9th.

219

Coquet Island Lt—F locks of Sky-Lacks and Starlings
on the island all day. Wind S.E.7. Clear.

North Geodwin Lt.-v.—Four Swallows flying 8.W. at
11 a.m. Wind S.W. 6.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Four Wheatears flymg W. at
3p.M. Wind W.S.W. 1. Clouds passing.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Coguet Island Lt—F locks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
on the island all day. Wind W.S.W. 6. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—Four Reed-Warblers on deck
at 2@a.M. Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several “small birds” flying
S.S.W. all day. Wind 8.W.7 and 8. Cloudy and

misty.

Spurn Head Lt—Two Knots, 11 pM. Wind
W.N.W. 5. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—Flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings
on the island all day. Wind §.S.E. 8. Cloudy and
raining.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A flock of “ Ducks” flying
S.S.W. at 6.15 am. Wind 8. by W. 4. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—One or two Swallows flying S.and 8.W.

between 5.45 and8 a.m. Wind 8.W. 4 to S.S.W. 5.
Cloudy.

Smalls Lt.—One Chaffinch in the early morning. Wind
W.N.W. 5. Clouds passing.

Coquet Islund Lt.—Flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
on the island all day. Wind S.W. to N.W. 4.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—F ive Swallows flying 8.8. W. at
10 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 5. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—Small flocks of Sky-Larks seen
during the day.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and Starlings
with some Meadow-Pipits, between 10.10 p.m. and
3.15 a.m.; over 100 birds killed. Wind 8. by W.38.
Rain.

Spurn Head Lt—Three Sky-Larks at 9 p.m. Wind
N.W. 5. Blue sky and clear.

276

Cromer Lt.—A large flock of Starlings flying S. at
6.30 a.m. Wind N.N.W. 4. Clear.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Small flocks of Starlings,
Sky-Larks and Tree-Sparrows flying N.W.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of “ Ducks” flying W.S.W. at
6.45 P.M. Wind W.S.W. 38. Cloudy.

Hanois It.—Two Knots at 2 a. Wind 8.8.W. 7.
Cloudy and squally.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One Sky-Lark at 11.80 P.m.
Wind 8.8.W. 3. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—A large number of Sky-Larks
from 11 p.mM.to2 a.m, Wind S.W. 4. Overcast.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A Garden-Warbler, a Storm- and
a Fork-tailed Petrel, at 2.30 a.m. Wind S.W, 3.
Rain.

Winterton Lt.—-A few Starlings from 10.45 to
11.30 p.m.; one Siskin at4 a.m. Wind 8.4. Rain.

Coquet Island Lt—Flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
on the island all day. Wind S.S.E.6. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Starlings and “ Sparrows”
flying N.W.,10 to 11.80 am. Wind S.W.5. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A Brambling on board at
6.30 a.M.; twenty “ Ducks” flying 8.8.W. at 7 a.M.;
large flocks of Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. and 8.5.W.
during the day. Wind 8. by W. 4 to S.S.W. 5.
Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks
flying W.S.W. at noon. Wind 8. 4. Clear.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
fiying apparently 8. from 12.30 to 38 a.m. Wind 5. 4.
Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Starlings and Sky-Larks
at 11 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Overcast but clear,
Many Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Blackeaps, Sky-
Larks and Starlings from 2.30 to 3.50 am. Wind
8.8.W.3. Misty rain,

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Many Starlings and Sky-
Larks with a few Song-Thrushes and two Moorhens
between 9.40 p.m. and 4.10 a.m.; 111 birds killed.
Wind 8. 5 to S. by W. 5. Overcast, with rain.

Oct. 10th/11th.
(contd.).

ay Teh,

» 1th/12th.

217

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and other
small birds from 9P.M.to 5a.M. Wind 8.8.W. 6.
Clouds passing.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—A few Song-Thrushes, Meadow-
Pipits and Starlings from 10 to 11 p.m., and a large
number of Starlings from midnight to 4a.m. Wind
S. 6. Overcast and raining.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Starlings, Knots, Sky-Larks
and a Razorbill from 3 A.M, to sunrise. Wind 8.W. 4.
Hazy, with passing drizzle.

Whitby Lt—One Sky-Lark at 3.a.m. Wind $.W. 4.
Clear,

Winterton Lt.—A few Starlings from 10.45 to 11.30 p.m,
and a Little Grebe at 11.30 p.m. Wind §.8.W. 4.
Rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v—Twelve “Ducks” flying S. at
8 a.M. and six Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. at 9.30 a.m.
Wind 8. by W. 4. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks at
7 AM. and afew at 9 a.m. flying W.S.W.; six Tree-
Sparrows on deck at 10 am. Wind SS.W. 5.
Clear.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Starlings
flying W. during the day.
Tarne Lt.-v.—A few “small birds” flying W. at 9.45
and 10.30 a.m. Wind 8.5. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Starlings and Sky-Larls
with a few Blackcaps from 2 to 4 a.m. Wind
W.2 to W.N.W. 2. Clear but raining.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and Starlings
with two Water-Rails between 10.15 p.m. and
2.40 a.m.; 101 birds killed. Wind S.W.5toS.S.W. 4.
Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Longsand Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks at 3 am. Wind
S.W.5. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A Starling at 5 am. Wind
W.1. Clear.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A Blackcap and a Storm-Petrel,
4.50 am. Wind S.S.W. 4. Rain.

Oct.

”

9

99

11th/12th.
(contd.).

12th.

12th/13th.

13th.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.— A fair number of Starlings and
Sky-Larks at 9 p.m., and two Water-Rails at 3 a.m.
Wind 8.E. 6 ta 8.W. 3. Overcast to clear.

Winterton Lt.—A Sky-Lark at 9.30 p.m. Wind $. 3.
Overcast, with misty rain.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches, 8 P.M., and hun-
dreds of Starlings at midnight. Wind S.S8.W. 6 to 6.
Clear to rain.

Cromer It.—A large flock of Larks flying S. at 3.30 P.M,
Wind 8.8.W, 4. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Chaffinches with a few
Bramblings and Meadow-Pipits at 9 A.M.; many
Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, and Sky-Larks from
11 a.m. to 1.30 p.m.; a few ‘ Plovers” and many
“Sparrows” and three “Sparrow-Hawks” at2.50P.M.,
all flying N.W. Wind §.8.W. 2. Clear to cloudy
with rain.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Large flocks of Starlings,

Sky-Larks, Chaftinches and Tree-Sparrows flying
WNW.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Two Starlings on board at noon.
Wind S.W. by S. 2. Clear.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A Song-Thrush at 3.80 A.M.
Wind S.S.W. 4. Rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks, Starlings
and Greenfinches from 1 to 2.30 a.m. Wind S8.W.
4to5. Clear.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—A fair number of Starlings
with a few Song-Thrushes, Tree-Sparrows, and a
Kingfisher from 9.50 p.m. to4.10 a.m. Wind 8.W. 9.
Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—A Little Grebe at midnight. Wind
S.W. 3. Blue sky and clear.

Cromer Lt.—A fair number of Sky-Larks and “ Swal-
lows” flying S.W. at 1.80 p.m. Wind S. 4. Misty.

Longsand Lt.-v—A few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks
flying N. at 6 am. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clouds
passing.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Three Swallows flying S.W.
by S. at'6 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 6. Clear.

Oct.

13th.

(contd.).

”

”?

”

)

”

13th/14th.

14th.

14th/15th.

15th/16th.

16th/17th.

279

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—A large number of “ Rooks”
flying W. by S. at noon and thirty Chaffinches on
deck at5p.m. Wind 8.6 to W.5. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—One Woodcock at 2 am. Wind
S. 5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Starlings and Green-
finches at 4 a.m. Wind W.N.W. 2. Clear.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches at midnight.
Wind 8.W. 5. Clear.

New Moon.

Coquet Island Lt.—Four Woodcocks on the island, left
for the S.W. at 3pm. Wind 8.8.W. 7. Clear.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.-Several “ Ducks” flying S.W.
at 9 and 11.80 am. Wind 8.8.W. Cloudy and
misty.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v—Many Starlings, with a few
Song-Thrushes, Tree-Sparrows and a Water-Rail
from 10.20 p.m. to 340 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 4 to
S.S.W. 4. Overcast, with rain.

Longsand Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks at 9 P.M. and 3 a.m.
Wind W. by 8. 5 to 6. Blue sky.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches all night. Wind
W.S.W. 4. Clear. ;

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes and Sky-
Larks from 9 P.M. to daylight. Wind W.S.W.
Clear.

Leman and Ower It.-v.—Several Song-Thrushes, Star-
lings and Chaffinches from 8.15 p.m. to 4.50 a.m.
Wind S8.W. 4 to S.S.W. 5. Overcast, with drizzling
rain at times.

Longsand Lt.-v.—A moderate number of Sky-Larks and
a dozen Blackbirds at 6 p.m. Wind 8.W. 5. Clouds
passing.

St. Catherine's It—A Song-Thrush at midnight.
Wind S.8.W. 8. Cloudy.

Winterton Lt.—One Song-Thrush at 12.10 a.m. Wind
S.S.W. 3. Overcast, drizzling mist.

Longsand Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and a few Black-
birds flying N. at 6 am. Wind S.S.W. 5 to 6.
Cloudy, raining.

Oct.

17th.

(contd.).

”

17th/18th.

18th,

18th/19th.

39

19th.

280

Spurn Head Lt.—A flock of “ Geese” flying S.at noon.
Wind W.S.W. 4. Blue sky and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Eight Sky-Larks flying W. at 1] a.m.
Wind $.8.W. 7. Cloudy and raining.

St. Catherine's It.—A Firecrest and a Storm-Petrel
at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 1. Clear.

Longsand It.-v.—A few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks
flying N.E. at 6 ar. Wind S.W.4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Large numbers of ‘ Sparrows,” Chaf-
finches, Sky-Larks and Starlings flying S., S.S.W.
and 8.8.E. from 9 a.m.to12.40 p.m. Wind 8.S.W.3
to W. by 8. 2. Clear to rain.

Varne Lt.-v.—-A flock of “ Ducks” flying W.S.W. at
9am. Wind §. by W. 4. Cloudy.

Winterton Lt.—A number of “Grey Linnets” seen
during the day.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Blackbirds from 1 a.m. to
daylight. Wind W.S.W., fresh. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A large number of Sky-Larks
and a few Starlings from 8 p.m, to midnight. Wind
W.N.W. 3. Clear, but overcast.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—A fair number of Starlings
with a few Blackbirds and Chaffinches from 7.40 to
9.20 p.m. Wind §. 8. Overcast, with drizzling
rain.

Winterton It.—A Song-Thrush at 11.80 p.m. and a
Chaffinch at 1.15 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 2. Fog.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches, 9 p.m. Wind
S.W. 3. Misty rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Four large flocks of Sky-Larks
flying W. between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m; about twenty
“‘ Sparrows” on board. Wind W.N.W. 3. Clear.

N. Goodwin Lt.-v.—A flock of Sky-Larks flying
W.S.W. at 9 a.m. and Starlings flying W.N.W. at
10 a.m. Wind W.2. Misty.

Owers Lt.-v—Numbers of Chaffinches, Sky-Larls,
Starlings and other small birds flying 8. and S.S.W.
all day. Wind W.1toS. by W. 4. Clear.

Oct.

19th.

(contd.).

» 19th/20th.

”

”

20th.

20th/21st.

281

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Chaffinches, “ Grey
Linnets ” and Sky-Larks to the W., Starlings to the
W.N.W,, and “ Rooks” to the N.W. between 9 a.M.
and 3.45 p.m. Wind W.3to §.8.W. 5. Blue sky
and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of Starlings flying N.W. at
6.30 am. Wind S.W. 2. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Chaf-
finches from midnight to3a.M. WindS.W.4. Blue
sky with clouds, clear.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Several Starlings and Chaf-
finches at 8.20 p.m. Wind 8.W. 4. Clear.

Longsand [t.-v.—A few Sky-Larks flying apparently
N.at6Gpm. WindS.W. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine’s Lt—A few Starlings and a Black-
headed Gull from 11 P.M. to 3a.M. Wind W. 4.
Showery..

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Sky-Larks and a Chaffinch
at ll pm. Wind W.38. Hazy.

Winterton It—Three Starlings, a Sky-Lark and a
Chaffinch from 7 to 8.40 p.m.; a Weoodeock at
4.30 a.m. Wind §8.8.W. 3. Misty to clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Several flocks of Starlings flying E.
towards land all day.

Owers Lt.-v—Numbers of Chaffinches and Starlings
flying S. and 8.8.W. between 9 and 11.50 a.m.
Wind W.S.W. 6. Cloudy and raining.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to the
W.N.W., many Chaffinches and Sky-Larks to the
W., and “ Rooks” to the N.W. between 10 a.m, and
3.40 p.m. Wind S.8.W. 7 to S.W. by 8.6. Clear.

Longsands Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks at 9 p.m. Wind
S.W. Cloudy and raining.

Spurn Head Lt.—<A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at
10pm. WindS.W.4. Clear, with passing showers,

Withernsea Lt—Several “ Snow-Buatings”’ at mid-
night. Wind 8,W.3. Clear,

Bishop Rock Lt.—¥ locks of Starlings and a few Sky-
Larks flying E. towards land all day.
ay

Oct.

21st.

(contd.).

”

”

”

21st/22nd.

22na/25rd.

23rd.

24th.

24th/25th.

282

Longsand Lt.-v.—Many Chaffinches and some “Crows”
flying N. and Larks to N.E. in the forenoon. Wind
S.W. Clouds passing.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying
W. at noon and2 p.m. Wind W. by N.3. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and a few Chaffinches
flying W., a few Rooks to the N.W., between 10 A.M.
and 12.10 p.m.

Chicken Rock, Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and
Thrushes from ] A.M. to daylight. Wind W.S.W. 5.
Rain.

Winterton Lt.—A Starling at 6 p.m., and a Chaffinch
at 7 pM. Wind S.W.4toS.W.3. Rain to clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About 40 “ Crows” flying N.W.
at 10 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 3. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.—Flocks of Starlings flying N.W.
and W. by S., and Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. and
W.N.W. during the morning. Wind W. by 8.3.
Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks with smaller numbers
of Chaffinches and “ Linnets” to the W., Starlings
to the W.N.W., and “ Rooks” to the N.W. between
10.15 a.m. and 3.15p.mM. Wind 8.W.4 to 6. Clear.

Spurn Head LIt.— One “Flycatcher” at midnight.
Wind W.S.W. 4. Clear, with passing showers.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About twenty Tree-Sparrows on
board all day. Wind 8.8.W. 5. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Five Sky-Larls flying E.N.E.at10.204.m,
Wind N.W. 8. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—A flock of Sky-Larks flying W. at
12.10 p.m. and of Starlings flying W.N.W. at
2.40 p.m. Wind W.6. Clear.

Anvil Point It—A single Sky-Lark at 4 aM.
Wind W. 3. Clear. :

St. Catherine's Lt—A few Starlings and a Blackcap
irom ]2to4 am. WindS.4. Rain.

283

Anvil Point Lt.—A flock of “‘ Swallows ” resting on the
telephone wire at sunrise, left for the S, at 7.80 a.m.
Wind W.N.W.3. Fine and clear, heavy rain during
the night.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to the
W.N.W., ‘‘ Rooks” to the N.W. and Chaffinches and
Sky-Larks to the W. between 9.15 a.m. and 2.50 P.M.
Wind W. by N. 5 to N.W. 4. Blue sky, clear.

Bardsey Lt.—A fair number of Blackbirds and Song-
Thrushes with a few Sky-Larks at 4 a.m, Wind
S.E. 5. Overcast.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks and Starlings
at ll p.m. Wind W. by N. 3. Misty.

St. Catherines Lt.—A few Starlings and a Sky-Lark,
3a.M. Wind N.E.5. Passing showers.

Spurn Head Lt,—A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at
ll p.m. Wind N.W.4. Blue sky, hazy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v—Many large flocks of Sky-Larks
flying W.N.W. and Starlings N.W. and several small
flocks of Chaffinches flying W.N.W. up to 3 P.M.;
about thirty “Sparrows” flying N.W. at 11 aM.
Wind 8. 4. Clear.

North Goodwin It.v.—A flock of Sky-Larks flying
N.W. at 9 a.m. Wind S.W. by S. 4. Clear.

Hanois Lt.—A few Starlings and Song-Thrushes at
llpm. Wind S8.8.W.6, Rain, squally.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings and
Sky-Larks with a few Redwings from 3 to 6 a.M.
Wind E.N.E. 4 to 5. Thick misty rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks, Starlings and
other small birds from 2 to5 a.m. Wind 8.8.E. 4.
Overcast and raining.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Great numbers of Starlings and
several Song-Thrushes, 4 to 5 a.m. Wind N.E. 5.
Rain.

South Bishop It.—A flock of Starlings at 3 a.m.
Wind E. 8. Clear.
Spurn Head Lt.—Six Starlings and a Lapwing at 10 P.M.
Wind E.6. Cloudy and raining.
T 2

Oct. 26th/27th.
(contd.).

BP arene

» 2/th/28th.

* 28th.

, 28th/29th.

284

Withernsea Lt.—Several ‘“ Snow-Buntings” at mid-
night. Wind N.W.5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks
and Starlings flying S.W. and W.N.W. respectively
at 10.30 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 4 to 5, Thick misty
rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—F ifty Sky-Larks and other small
birds from 3 to 4 P.M. Wind E.S.E.4. Heavy rain.

Owers Lt.-v.—About 100 Chaffinches round the ship
at 10.20 am. Wind E.N.E. 7. Overcast, with
misty rain.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks flying W. between
3 and 3.40 p.m. Wind E. by N.7. Clear, passing
rain.

South Bishop Lt.—A fair number of Greenfinches and
Chaffinches on the rock all day ; four Blackbirds and

a “Sparrow-Hawk” seen on the rock between
10 and ll a.m. Wind E.8. Clear.

South bishop Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Sky-Larks

and Greenfinches between 11.80 p.m. and 2.45 a.m.
Wind E.8 to E.N.E. 7. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Knots at 11.80 pw. Wind
W.N.W. 5. Cloudy but clear.

Withernsea It.—Several Woodcocks all night. Wind
N.W.6. Clear.

Full Moon.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Single Starlings flying E. towards
land during the day.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large quantities of Field-
fares, Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings
and Chaffinches on the island and flying N.

Owers Lt.-v.—About sixty Sky-Larks round the ship
at 7 A.M ; numerous small birds and “ Swallows”
flying N.W. and N.N.W. from 7.10 a.m. to 4,10 p.m.
Wind N.E. &. Overeast and raining.

Whitby Lt.—Three “Snow-Buntings” seen at 3.30 p.m.
Wind N.E. 4.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Starlings
from 10 to 11 p.m. Wind N.E. 8. Thick misty

rain.

Oct. 28th/29th.

289

North Goodwin Lt.-v.-Many Sky-Larks and Starlings
from 10 p.m. to midnight. Wind S.E. 3. Overcast,
with misty rain.

Bishop Rock Lt.— A few Starlings and Sky-Larks flying
E. towards land during the day.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
flying N. atnoon. Wind 8.W. 5.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Fieldfares,
Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings aud
Chathnches on the island and flying N.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Forty Sky-Larks and twenty
Starlings flying N.N.W. at 5pm. Wind N.W. by
W.4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.— Numbers of “Sparrows,” Sky-Larks,
Chaffinches and Starlings flying 8S. and 8.8. W. from
6.50 a.m. tol1l.20a.m. Wind N.E.6.toN.5. Over-
cast and raining to clear.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks
flying N. at noon. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many large flocks of Sky-Larls
and Starlings flying W.N.W. from 9 am. t: 2 P.M.
and about fifty “Crows” flying N.W. at 11 a.m.
Wind N.W.2. Clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Fieldfares,
Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings and
Chaftinches on the island and flying N.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks flying W.S.W.
at 9 a.m. and Starlings flying W.N.W. at 10 a.m,
and thirty small birds flying W. by N. at noon.
Wind N.N.W.3 to W. 1. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.— A few “&parrows” and Chaffinches
flying S. from 9.30 to 10.5 a.m. Wind N. 2. Fog.
Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many “ Rooks” and Starlings to the
W.N.W. and Sky-Larks to the W. between 11 a.m.
and 3.50p.m. Wind N.W.3 to W.2. Misty to blue

sky and clear.

South Bishop Lt.—¥ive “ Crows” flying HE. towards
land at 10 a.m. Wind E. 5. Clear.

South Bishop Lt,—Five Greentinches at 8 p.m. Wind
H. 6) Cleax:

Oct. 30th/31st.

(contd.).
of olst.
Nov. Ist.
» Ast/2nd.

286

Spurn Head Lt.— Two Song-Thrushes at 1 A.M.
Wind N. 3. Blue sky and clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Fieldfares,
Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings and
Chaffinches on the island and flying N. Woodcocks
arrived.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Two Jackdaws on board at
7 aM. Wind E. by N. 4. Clear. Forty Starlings
flying W.N.W. at 2.30 p.m. Wind E. 5. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Ahbout ninety Starlings and five “Robins”
flying S. between 10.40 a.m. and 3.30 p.m. Wind
N.E. 4. Fog.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of StarlingstoW.N.W.,
many Sky-Larks and a few Chatlinches flying W.
from 9.40 a.m. to 3.10p.mM. Wind H.N.E. 5. Clear,
with passing rain to overcast with rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Woodcocks near the light.
Wind 8.W. 4. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many flocks of Sky-Larks and
Starlings flying W. all day; several ‘‘ Wrens” and
Chaflinches on deck. Wind E. 1. Overcast, but
clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks flying N.W. at
7 AM. and Chaflinches flymg W. by N. at 4 p.m.
Wind E. 4 to 2. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—A flock of Starlings to the S.S.W. at
9a.mM. Wind E.N.E.3 to N.E. 3. Overcast to foe.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings toW.N.W.
Sky-Larks with many Chaflinches and a few
“ Red-Linnets” flying to the W. all day. Wind
FE. 4 to N. 2. Overcast.

Whitby Lt.--Many Redwings, Song-Thrushes and Sky-
Larks flying W. from 4 a.m. to noon. Wind E. 8.
Clear.

Eddystone Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings at
10 p.m. and a few Redwings at midnight. Wind
i. 3. Clear:

Kentish Knock Lt-v.—Large numbers of Starlings,
Sky-Larks and Chaffinches from 6 P.M. to midnight.
Wind E.S.E. 1. Overcast but clear.

Nov. Ist/2nd.

287

Lundy Island North It.—A large number of Starlings
from 6 p.M. to midnight. Hazy and misty rain.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Mary Starlings and Chaffinches with
a few Redwings and six Woodcocks between 6.80
and 10 p.m. Wind N. 2 to N.N.E. 1. Overcast,
fog.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Song-Thrushes at 10 P.M.
Wind W.N.W. 4, Cloudy but clear.

North Goodwin It.-v.—Twelve Chaffinches flying
W.N.W. at 3 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clear.

Whitby Lt—A Woodcock flying W. at 8.30 a.m.
Wind W.S.W. 3. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and
Starlings at 10 p.m. ; a few Sky-Larks and an “ Owl”
at midnight. Wind W. 2. Clear.

Hanois Lt.—A Song-Thrush and a few Starlings killed
between 12.30 and 2 a.m. Wind N. 2 to N.E. 2.
Overcast and drizzling rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks
and Starlings all night. Wind NV. 2. Overcast and
misty.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A large number of Starlings
from 6 p.m. to midnight. Haze and misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Several Starlings with a few
Blackbirds and Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind N.1.
Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Starlings and two Storm-
Petrels at 9 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Fog and mist.

Winterton Lt.—A Starling, 6 p.m, Overcast, drizzling
mist.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks
flying W.S.W. at 2 p.m. and many Starlings flying
N.W. at 2.30 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 2. Overcast but
clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks flying W.SW.
at 9 a.m., and Starlings flying W.N.W. at 11 a.m.;
one Chaffinch taken. Wind N.2. Fog.

Owers Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks, “Sparrows,” Chaf-
finches and other small birds flying S. between 8.20
and ll am. Wind N.1to2. Fog.

288

Hanois Lt.—A few Starlings between 2.30 and 3 a.m.
Wind E.S.E. 8. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Lundy Island North Lt—Large numbers of Starlings
from 6 P.M. to midnight. Haze and misty rain.

St. Catherine's [t.—Several Song-Thrushes, Redwings
and Starlings, 10 p.m. to midnight. Wind E. 2.
Overcast.

South Bishop [t.—A flock of Starlings at 9.30 P.M.
Wind E.N.E. 3. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Starlings, ten Knots and a
Goldcrest from 9 to 11 pm. Wind E. 1 to
N.W. 3. Fog.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Cromer Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings, Sky-Larks
and Lapwings flying N.all day. WindS.W. Fine.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v—A great many large flocks of
Starlings, Sky-Larks and Chaffinches flying W.N.W.
all day; many small flocks of “Crows” and
“ Sparrows ” flying N.W. all day. Wind N.N.E 2.
Overcast, but clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many “ Rooks ” to N.W., Starlings to
W.N.W. and Sky-Larks with a few “ Linnets ” flying
to the W. between 9.40 a.m. and 1.10 p.m. Calm.
Overcast.

Bardsey Lt.—Many Blackbirds, Redwings and Starlings
with six Water-Rails flying apparently 8. at mid-
night. Wind 8.S.W. 5. Overcast.

Bishop Rock Lt.—A good many Blackbirds, Redwings
Fieldfares, Sky-Larks and Starlings, with one or two
Woodcocks, ‘‘ Rock-Pipits,” ‘ Redstarts ” and Gold-
crests, a single “ Snow-Bunting ” and a “ Brown Owl”
round the light from 5 p.m. to daylight. Wind 8S. 3.
Overcast.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and
Song-Thrushes from 6 p.m. to daylight. Wind S.
Clear.

Eddystone It.— A number of Song-Thrushes and
Starlings with a few Sky-Larks from 11 P.M. to
2am. Wind S.E. 2. Clear.

Noy. 4th/dth.
(contd.).

”

”

oth.

5th/6th.

289

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings
from 6 p.m. to midnight. Haze and misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt—Hundreds of Starlings, a Sky-Lark
and a Storm-Petrel from sunset to midnight. Wind
KE. 2. Overcast.

Seven Stones Lt.-v.— A few Water-Rails, 10 p.m.
Wind S.E. 3. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt.—A few Biackbirds, Redwings, Meadow-
Pipits and Starlings between 8 and 11.20p.m. Wind
S.W. 4. Drizzling rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—Large numbers of Knots and many
Redwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds and Starlings, also
a few Lapwings and Golden Plovers, a “ Rail” and a
Golderest; 148 birds killed. Wind 8.W.2 to3. Fog.

Bishop Rock It,—Many birds passing S. all day, but at
too great a distance for identification.

Bull Point Lt.—A very large flock of Starlings flying
W. at 4 P.M.

Cromer Lt.-—A few Starlings flying N. all day. Wind
S.S.W. Clear.

Inner Dowsing Lt.-v.—A few Starlings and Blackbirds
and a Woodcock passing to N.W.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W.
at 10 and 10.30 a.m., and six small flocks of
“ Sparrows ” and Chatfinches flying W.N.W. between
10 a.m. and noon. Wind 8.1. Blue sky and clear.

South Bishop Lt.—A flock of Starlings on the rock and
a Woodcock flying W. at 9 am. Wind S.W., 4.
Passing showers.

Bardsey Lt.— Thousands of Blackbirds, Redwings,
Song-Thrushes and Starlings; many Water-Rails;
several Fieldfares, Jack-Snipes, Common Snipes, Lap~
wings, Woodcocks, Ringed Plovers and many other
birds unidentified flying apparently S. from 10 P.M. to
5 am. About 2600 Blackbirds, Redwings, Song-
Thrushes and Starlings, 50 Water-Rails, 16 Common
and Jack-Snipes, 5 Fieldfares, 2 Woodcocks,a Lapwing
and a Ringed Plover killed. Wind N.N.W. 3.
Drizzling rain.

Noy. 5th/6th.

”

(contd.).

6th.

6th/7th.

290

Bishop Rock Lt.—Many Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes,
Sky-Larks, Meadow-Pipits and Starlings with four
Woodcocks trom sunset to midnight. Wind 8. 2.
Clear.

Chicken Rock LIt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and
Song-Thrushes from 6 P.M. to daylight. WindS.W.
to N.W. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.— A large number of Starlings with
a few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Sky-Larks and
“Warblers” from midnight to 2 a.m. Wind N.E. 1.
Clear.

Seven Stones Lt.-v.—A few Woodcocks and Chaffinches
at 8pm. Wind S.W. 2. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt—Many Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds
and Starlings with a few Chaflinches and Sky-Larks
from 8 P.M. to 8 a.M.; 111 birds killed. Wind
N.N.W.38toN.1. Rain.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Many birds passing S. all day, but
at too great a distance for identification.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W.
at 10.40 a.M.and noon. WindS.2. Blue sky and
clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Four Chaffinches flying N. at 1.20 P.M.
Wind #.8.E. 2 to $1.1. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.-—Many Starlings and “ Rooks” to
N.W. and a few Chaffinches and “ Linnets” to the
W. between 10.10 a.m. and4p.mM, Wind N.N.E. 5
to N.E. 3. Blue sky, clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Bull Point Lt—Several Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and
Starlings from 12.30 to 1 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 4
Cloudy but clear.

Eddystone Lt_—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Red-
wings, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings all night.
Wind N.N.W. 3. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks and Chaffinches
from 7 to 11 p.m. Wind S.E. 1. Blue sky and
clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and some Chaffinches
from 9to ll Pm. Wind N. 3 to N.W. 1.

Nov.

6th/7th.

(contd.).

”?

”

”

7th.

7th/8th.

8th.

8th/9th.

9th.

291

Spun Head Lt.—One or two Starlings, “ Crows,”
Storm-Petrels and a Snow-Bunting at midnight.
Wind N. 3. Cloudy but clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing S.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Forty “ Crows” flying W.N.W.
at noon. Wind N. 3. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and
Song-Thrushes from 6 P.M. to daylight. Wind W.3.
Clear.

Eddystone Lt.—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes,
Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings with a few Red-
wings, “ Plovers” and a single Woodcock from 1
to3amM. Wind N.3. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing S.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W.
at 10 a.m. and at noon. Wind N.N.E. 4. Blue
sky and clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Four Chaffinches flying N. at 8 am.
Wind N.E. by N. Fog.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Gyreat numbers of Blackbirds and
Song-Thrushes from midnight to daylight. Wind
W.4. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.,—A large number of Starlings withafew .
Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Sky-Larks at mid-
night. Wind E.N.E. 5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks, Starlings and
Chaffinches from 8 to 10 p.m. Wind N.3. Blue
sky with clouds.

Winterton Lt.—A Starling, 6 p.m.
Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Twenty ‘“ Crows” flying N.N.W.
at ll a.m. Wind W. by N.4. Misty.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Thirty “ Crows” flying W.N.W.
at 10 a.m. Wind W.3. Misty.

Nov.

9th.

(contd.).

”

9th/10th.

10th.

10th/11th.

11th.

11th/12th.
12th.
12th/13th,

18th.

18th/14th.

292

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Starlings with a few “ Rooks”
to the N.W., and Sky-Larks and “ Linnets” to the
W. between 9.30 A.M. and 1.10 p.m. Wind W.S.W.4
to 8.W. 4.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Longships Lt.—Small flocks of Blackbirds, Song-
Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks at 11 P.M.
Wind W.N.W. 4. Misty rain.

Bishop Rock Lt,—Birds passing 8.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Twenty ‘‘ Crows” flying W. by
N. at noon. Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Eddystone Lt.—A single Song-Thrush at 11 P.M.
Wind N. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt—A few Starlings and a Storm-
Petrel at midnight. Wind W.N.W. 4. Overcast.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing 8.

Eddystone [Lt.—A Chaffinch seen at 7 a.M. Wind
N.3 to 4. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Bishop Rock Lt,—Birds passing 8.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Longships LIt.—Small flocks of Blackbirds, Song-

Thrushes and other small birds from 10 p.m. to
midnight. Wind N.W. 6. Showery.

New Moon.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing 8.

Bardsey Lt—A number of Song-Thrushes, Redwings,
Blackbirds, Fieldfares, Sky-Larks, Starlings, Common
and Jack-Snipes, Lapwings, Dunlin and Bar-tailed
Godwits flying apparently S. from 1 to 4 A.M. ;
a number of “ Wild Ducks” also seen. Wind 8.8. W.
to S.E. Drizzling rain.

Bishop Rock Lt,—Birds heard passing.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Hundreds of Song-Thrushes with a

few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks from 1 a.m. to
daylight. Wind N.E, Slight haze.

293

Noy. 18th/l4th. St. Catherine’s Lt.—A few Mistle-Thrushes, Song-
(contd.). Thrushes, Sky-Larks and Starlings at 1 and at
5am. Wind E.S.E.3. Showery.

South Bishop It—A few Song-Thrushes and Black-
birds at 5.30 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 5. Passing
showers.

Spurn Head Lt.—Six Knots at 10 p.m. Wind N.W.7.
Slight haze.

5 14th. Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Song-Thrushes, Sky-Larks
and Starlings flying W. from 10 a.m. to 2 P.M.
Wind S. 2. Overcast but clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings
flying N. from 7.30 a.m. to noon. Wind W. to N.
4to 5. Showery, clear.

yorth Goodwin Lt.-v.—Six Starlings flying W.N.W.
at noon. Wind S. by W. 2. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Three Sky-Larks round the ship from
9tol0 a.m. WindS.W.1. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to N.W.
and Sky-Larks to W. between 10.20 a.m. and 3.10 P.M.
Wind FE.S.E. 1 to 8. 4 and S.S.E. 4. Clear.

South Bishop Rock Lt—YFour Sky-Larks at 6 a.m.
and two Chaffinches at 10 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 5 to
N. 3. Passing showers.

» Iidth/15th. Brshop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Dungeness Lt.—Very large numbers of Redwings and
many Starlings with a few Song-Thrushes, Fieldfares
and Blackbirds arriving apparently from the E. from
6.30 to 7.15 p.m. Wind E.N.E. 3. Rain.

Eddystone It—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings,
Blackbirds and Starlings at midnight. Wind E.N.E.
4, Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v—A few Song-Thrushes, Sky-
Larlis, Starlings and Chaffinches from 6 to 11 P.m,
Wind 8.E. 3. Overcast but clear.

Owers Lt.-v.— About a hundred Sky-Larks at 10.40 p.m,
Wind N.E. 4, Hazy.

Noy. 14th/15th.
- (contd.).

”?

?)

”

”

15th.

15th/16th.

16th.

16th/17th.

17th.

294

St. Catherine's It—Hundreds of Starlings and Red-
wings, many Song-Thrushes and a Blackbird from
midnight to3 a.m. Wind N.E. 4. Rain.

South Bishop It.—Three Blackbirds at 11.80 p.m. and
two Song-Thrushes at 2 am. Wind E.S.E. 3.
Hazy.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Blackbirds, Starlings and
Storm-Petrels. Wind N.N.W. 3. Hazy.

Seven Stones Lt.-v.—A Redwing, 6 a.m. Wind N.E. 5.
Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to the
N.W. and Chaffinches and Sky-Larks to the W.N.W
between 9.40 and 11.45 a.m. Wind N.E. 3 to 4.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Eddystone Lt.—A number of Song-Thrushes, Redwings,
Blackbirds and Starlings from 10 p.m. to 2 am.;
a Golderest at2 a.m. Wind E. 8. Squally.

St. Catherine’s Lt. — Several Starlings with a few
Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings at 3.30 A.M.
Wind E.N.E. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop It.—A Sky-Lark at 11.30 p.m. ; a flock
of Curlews and Lapwings with a single Bleckbird at
4am, Wind E.S.E. 5. Hazy.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Cromer Lt.—Six “Wild Ducks” flying S. at 10.380 a.m.
Wind E.N.E. Clear.

LIundy Island North Lt,—A few flocks of Starlings
flying N.W. from 8 a.m. to noon. Wind E.N.E. 7.
Cloudy.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Hanois It.—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings and

Starlings from 11 to 11.50 p.m. Wind E.7. Rain
squalls.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A few flocks of Starlings
flying N.W. during the forenoon, Wind E. 7.
Cloudy.

295

Noy. 17th/18th. Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

”

”

bP)

18th

18th/19th.

19th/20th.

20th.

23rd.

26th.

27th.

28th.

29th.

30th,

Eddystone Lt.—A single Blackbird at 4a.m. Wind
E.S.E. 8. Squally.

Eddystone Lt.—Three Starlings flying N.W. towards
land at llam. Wind E.S.E. 8.

Eddystone Lt.—Four Redwings at 10 p.m. Wind
E.S.E. 8. Squally.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Redwings, Black-
birds and Starlings. Wind E.S.E. 5. Clear.

Hanois Lt.—A few Redwings at 2am. Wind E. 38.
Blue sky.

Lynmouth Foreland Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes, Red-
wings and Water-Rails at 3.20 am. Wind E, 5.
Misty.

Moon, First Quarter.

Varne Lt.-v.—Nine “Ducks” flying W. at 10 a.m.
Wind N. by E. 38. Cloudy.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One Blackbird flying W. at
10.30 a.m. Wind N.N.W.5. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One “Crow” flying W. at
11.15 a.m., and five small birds flying W.S.W.
at 11.40 a.m. Wind N. 6.

North Goodwin Lt.-v—Two Starlings on board at
7am. Wind N. 5. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One Greenfinch taken at 4 P.M.
Wind W. 3. Overcast.

Full Moon.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A small bird flying W. at
llam. Wind S.8.W. 5. Overcast.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of “* Ducks” flying W.N.W. at
6 a.m. Wind 8.W. by W. 6. Cloudy.

Varne Lt.-v.—Two Starlings flying N.W. at 11.80 a.m.
Wind 8.W. 8. Cloudy and raining.

Varne Lt.-v.—Seven ‘“ Ducks” flying W.S.W. at 3 P.M.
Wind W. by 8.6. Blue sky and clear.

Dee. 2nd,
4th.
Fa 8th.

» 9th/10th.

, 10th/I1th.

~

, lith/12th.

- 2th.

» 12th/13th.

13th/14th.

9)

296

Cromer Lt.—Two Woodcocks flying N. at noon. Wind
W.. Clear.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Varne Lt.-v.—Three flocks of “ Ducks” flying W. at
10 4.m.,2and3p.mM. Wind N.W. by N.5 to N. 4.
Cloudy.

South Bishop Lt.—Four Song-Thrushes flying ap-
parently S. at 3. 4.mM.; one Water-Rail, 3.50 a.m.
Wind W.5. Misty.

St. Catherines [t.—A Redwing at3 am. Wind E, 3.
Cloudy. rf

South Bishop Lt.—Six Sky-Larks flying apparently 8.
atl a.m. Wind S.W.6. Misty rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Redwings, Sky-Larks and
Dunlins at 10 pm. Wind E.S.E. 3. Overcast.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Star-
lings from 4 to 7 am. Wind 8.E. by E. 8 to 4.
Overcast.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A Starling at 7 p.M.;- dozens of
tarlings and Redwings and a Redbreast at 5 a.m.
Wind E.N.E. 3. Drizzling rain.

Spurn Head [t.—Six Starlings at 3 a.m. Wind E. 4.
Overcast, with passing drizzle.

New Moon.

Bardsey Lt.—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Red-
wings, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings with a
few Jack-Snipes, Woodcocks, Redshanks and Field-

fares flying apparently S. from 10 p.m. to 7 a.M.;
113 birds killed. Wind E.N.E. 8. Overcast.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Three Starlings at 11 P.M,
Wind E. 4. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

South Bishop It.—Numbers of Song-Thrushes, Black-
birds and Sky-Larks flying apparently from the E.,
from 8 P.M. to 3 A.M. Wind 8.8.E. 4 to E, 4,
Overcast to clear.

Eddystone Lt-—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings and
Blackbirds from 9 p.m. to midnight. Wind E.N.E. 6.
Clear.

Dec. 13th/14th.

”

”

7

”

”

”

(contd.).
14th.

14th/15th.

15th.

15th/16th.

16th/17th.

17th/18th.

297

South Bishop Lt.—A few Blackbirds apparently from
E. at 11 Pp.m.and2am. Wind E. 4. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Twenty Starlings flying S.E. at 10 a.m,
Wind EH. by N. 4. Cloudy.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Sky-Larks with a
few Song-Thrushes and Redwings at 10 p.m. Wind
E.S.E. 8. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A Sky-Lark at 11.30 p.m. and a
Starling at 4.30 am. Wind E. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop Lt.—Numbers of Sky-Larks with a few
Redwings and Blackbirds flying apparently from the
E, between 5 and 6.80 a.m. Wind E.S.E.4. Blue
sky, clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Fieldfares, Starlings and
Dunlins from 11 P.M. to midnight. Wind E.S.E. 4.
Cloudy but clear.

South Bishop Lt.—“ Snow - Buntings,” Chaffinches,
Greenfinches and Starlings on the rock during the
day.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Song-Thrushes, Red-
wings, Blackbirds, Lapwings and Golden Plover
throughout the night. Wind E.N.E. 6. Clouds
passing.

South Bishop Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes flying appa-
rently from E. at 1030 pm. Wind ES.E. 5,
Overcast.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Song-Thrushes,
Redwings and Golden Plover, with a few Black-
birds and Lapwings, all night. Wind E.N.E. 3 to
W.N.W. 3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt—Several Starlings and Lapwings at
10 p.m.; a Storm-Petrel and a Jack-Snipe at
4.30 a.m. Wind E. 3, rain, to 8.S.E. 2, cloudy.

Eddystone Lt.—A number of Golden Plovers, with a
few Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Blackbirds from
6.30 to 9 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Clear. Birds
left when the stars came out at 9 P.M.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A Storm-Petrel at 1 a.m. and a
Song-Thrush and Starling at4a.m. Wind N.N.W. 38.
Overcast.

U

Dec. 17th/18th.

oP)

PP)

”

”

oP)

(contd.).

18th/19th.
19th/20th.

20th.

22nd.

26th.

298
Spurn Head Lt.—Three Lapwings at midnight. Wind
E.N.E. 4. Hazy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Starlings at 10 p.m. Wind
N.N.W. 6. Clear.

Whitby Zt—One Sky-Lark at 4 a.m. Wind W. 4.
Clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

Kentish Knock It.-v—A Moorhen killed. Wind
S.E. 7. Thick rain. ;

Full Moon.

Dec.31st/Jan. 1st. Lundy Island North Lt.—One Redwirg killed between

midnight and sunrise. Wind S.8S.W. Cloudy.

299

EIST OF OBSERVERS, ET€.,

from whom NOTES have been received during the
AUTUMN of 1909 and the SPRING of igro.

Arranged in Counties alphabetically.

ENGLAND.

BEDFORDSHIRE.
Haines, Major G.

BERKSHIRE.
Alexander, C. J.
Collings, D. W.
Cooper, C.
Cornish, Rey. J. G.
Evans, Miss C.
Evans, R. du B.
Kleinwort, Miss M.
Loyd, Colonel A. P.
Tomlinson, A. 8.
Wallis, H. M.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
Buckell, E. R.
Farren, W.
Storey, G.

CHESHIRE.
Boyd, A. W.
Coward, T. A.
Cummings, 8. G,

v2

300

CHESHIRE (con.).
Greg, A. C.
Hobkirk, R.
Knowles, R.
Pownall, F. A.
Thorp, Miss.
Wilkinson, Miss Eleonor E. M.
Wilkinson, Miss Maud
Yates, J. M. St. J.

CORNWALL.
Harvey, A. W. H.
Peter, O. B.

Lieuts.
Bishop Rock.
Eddystone.
Longships.
Seven Stones.

CUMBERLAND.
Britten, H.
Parker, T. C.

St. Bee’s Lighthouse.

DERBYSHIRE.
Henderson, J.
Jourdain, Rev. F. C. R.
Marshall, W. K.
Statham, W. N.

DEVONSHIRE.

Agar, Rev. W.
Beaumont, W. I.
Cleave, H. P. O.
D’Urban, W.S. M.
Elliot, E. A. 8.
Hardy, Rev. J. H.
Hodgson, T. V.
Morrhead, J. Y. A.

301

DEVONSHIRE (con.).
Rousham, A. H.
Swinton, A. H.
Teschemaker, W. E.
Worthington, Rev. J.
Wroth, J. Sparrow

Lieuts.
Bull Point.
Hartland Point.
Lundy, North.
Lundy, South.
Lynmouth Foreland.

DORSETSHIRE.
Curtis, W. Parkinson
Dodington, H. M.
Harper, E.
Homan, Rev. Claud
Lister, Miss G.
Portman, Commander W.

turdy, L.

Wilson, T. W.

Anvil Point Lighthouse.

DURHAM.
Lynn, J. C.

ESSEX.
Barnes, H. 8.
Frohawk, F. W.
Hope, G. D.
Jones, J. W. B.
Kerry, F.
Nichols, W. B.
Raynor, Rev. G. H.
Smith, Mrs. J. Beddall

302

ESSEX (con.).

Licuts.

Galloper.
Kentish Knock.
Longsand.

GLOUCESTERSHIRE.

McAldowie, A. M.
Popham, H. L.
Rickett, C. B.

HAMPSHIRE.

Atkins, F. Howard
Beeston, H.
Butterworth, J. F.
Coles, R. E.
Griffith, Miss D.
Kelsall, Rev. J. E.
Kelso, Dr. J. E. H.
Kershaw, P.

Lee, W.

Medlicot, W. 8.
Munn, P. W.

Lieuts.

Nab.
St. Catherine’s.,
Warner.

HERTFORDSHIRE,

Catling, C. R.
Headley, F. W.
Leach, H. R.
Meiklejohn, R. H.
Oldham, C.

Reid, E.

KENT.

Alexander, H. G.
Allchin, J H.
Austin, F.

303

KENT (con.).
Byron, H. 8. D.
Elgar, H..
Finlinson, H. W.
Holderness, Mrs.
Pearce, G. VY.
Ticehurst, Dr. C. B.
Turner, Miss E. L.

Licuts.
Dungeness,
Goodwin, East.
Goodwin, North.
Goodwin, South.
South Foreland.
Varne.

LANCASHIRE.
Altham, Thomas
Daniel, D. F. E.
Hornby, H. P.
O’Hea, Leo.
Riley, J. H.
Robinson, H. W.
Smalley, F. W.
Townsend, G.
Turney, H. B.
Wilson, W.

LEICESTERSHIRE.
Frisby, G.
Packe, C. J. M.

LINCOLNSHIRE.
Blathwayt, Rev. F. L.
Haigh, G. H. Caton
Sowerby, G. N.

Lieuts.
Dowsing, Inner.
Dowsing, Outer.

304

MAN, ISLE OF.
Crellin, J. C.
Leach, F.
Ralfe, P. G.

Chicken Rock Lighthouse.

MIDDLESEX.
Bannerman, D. A.
Catty, Miss Nancy
Edelsten, H. M.
Henderson, J. (Jun.).
Huxley, N. T.
Lodge, R. B.
Maepherson, A. Holte
Meares, W. B. H.
Meyrick, Lt.-Col. H.
Pattee OC:
Russell, Miss F,
Russell, H.
Spreadbury, W. H.
Stone, W. G.
Todd, W. A.

NORFOLK.
Buxton, Miss M.
WackaC: 2B:
Danbury, T. W.
Hamond, C. A.
Hamond, Miss W. E.
Monement, W. B.
Riviere, B. B.
Upcher, H. M.

Liguts.

Cromer.

Cross Sand.
Dudgeon.
Haisboro’.

Leman and Ower.

305
NORFOLK (coi.).

Lieuts (con.).

Lynn Well.
Newarp.
Smith’s Knoll.
Winterton.
Would.

NORTHAM PTONSHIRE.
Cattell, W. C.
Wright, C. E.

NORTHUMBERLAND.
Anderson, Mrs. A.
Charlton, Hugh.
Pease, Miss Audry
Walton, J. 8. T.

Liguts.
Coquet Island.
Inner Farne.

St. Mary’s.

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
Barnes, Rev. L. C.
Marsh, Miss.
Pearson, C. E.
Russell, Miss M.

OXFORDSHIRE.
Fowler, Rev. W. Warde

SHROPSHIRE.
Bladen, K.
Elliott, J. 8.
Forrest, H. E.
Hodges, R. W. H.
Lang, J. G.
Marchant, W.
Starkey-Barber, F.
Vaughan, E. B.

306

SOMERSETSHIRE.
Knight, F. A.
Lewis, Stanley
Mapleton, H. W.
Symes, Joseph H.
Turner, A. W.
Turners J
Lieuts.
English and Welsh Grounds.
Flatholm.

STAFFORDSHIRE.
Bailey, A. B.
Bladen, W. Wells
Bryan, Bf.

Carter, Miss.
Coussmaker, Rey. J. O.
Davies, William
Keary, Miss A.
Masefield, J. R. B.
Smith, Thomas
Tomlinson, E. H.

SUFFOLK.
Caton, Rev. R. B.
Cobbold, A. T.
Hinde, Col. J.
Miller, H. H. L.
Parker, D.
Tuck, Rev. Julian J.
Upcher, Major-General
Wilkinson, Miss J. M.

Lieuts.

Outer Gabbard.

Shipwash.

SURREY.
Bentham, C. H.
Boorman, J.
Bradshaw, G. W.
Bunyard, P. F.
Crostield, J. B.

307

SURREY (con.).
Farwig, H.
Leeds, Miss G.
Maude, Miss F.
Nettleship, E.
Patterson, Mrs. Carlos
Player, Mrs.
Shaw, Rev. W. A.
Thorburn, A.

SUSSEX.
Arnold, E. C.
Beecheno, Mrs.
Clark, 8. W.
Davis, T. W.
Field, W.
Furley, G. M.
Holmes, I. C. J.
Horton, W. (Jun.).
Monck, Rev. E. F. B.
Osmaston, B. B.
Sherston, Miss A.
Ticehurst, Dr. N. F.
Toogood, Rev. C.
Wharton, Miss

Owers Light-vessel.

WARWICKSHIRE.
Duncalfe, A. Hugh
Leigh, A. G.

WESTMORELAND.
Cropper, Miss 8. E.
Kitching, Miss E.
Yates, Miss Mary.

WILTSHIRE.
Harrison, Rev. D. P.
Kyrle, Miss Money
Penrose, Dr. F. G.
Temple, G. N.
Townsend, R. G.

308

WORCESTERSHIRE.
Ashwin, Rev. C.
Beeston, T. J.
Haddon, Norman G.
Heathcote, Geoffrey

YORKSHIRE.
Arundel, Major W. B.
Clarke, W. J.
Cooke, W.
Dyer, E. N.
Lawton, F.
Lees, A. E.
Legard, Digby.
Milburn, E.
Rhodes, G. P.
Roberts, T. N.
Seppings, Captain J. W. H.
Smith, 8. H.
Taylor, C. E.
Verini, Miss E.
Wade, E. W.
Wallis, E. A.
Watts, Francis
Witherby, H. F.

Lieuts.
Spurn Head.
Whitby.
Withernsea.

WALES.
ANGLESEY.
Licuts.
Skerries.
South Stack.

BRECKNOCKSHIRE.
Davies, C. F.

Gwynne-Vaughan, A.

309

CARDIGANSHIRE.
Edwards, Stanley

CARMARTHENSHIRE.
Barker, T. W.
Powell, L. N.
Stephens, D. E.

CARNARVONSHIRE.
Orton, Dr. K. J: P.
Watts, C.

Lieuts.
Bardsey Island.
St. Tudwal.

DENBIGHSHIRE.
Payne-Gallwey, Miss F.
Ruddy, Thomas.

GLAMORGANSHIRE.
Evans, H.
Perkins, R.
Player, W. J. P.

Helwick Light-vessel.

MERIONETHSHIRE,
Haines, G.
Kirkby, E. W.

MONTGOMERYSHIRE.
Jones, J. Hamer

PEMBROKESHIRE.
LieHts.
Caldy Island.
Smalls.
South Bishop.

RADNORSHIRE.
Owen, O. R.

d10

SCOTLAND.
AYRSHIRE.
Craig, J.

FIFESHIRE (Istz or May).
Baxter, Miss E. V.
Rintoul, Miss L. J.

RENFREWSHIRE,
Mackeith, T. Thornton

IRELAND.

CO. DONEGAL.
Pomeroy, Miss A.

CO. DUBLIN.
Benson, Rey. C. A.

CO. KERRY.
Delap, Miss M. H.

CHANNEL ISLANDS.

Hanois Lighthouse.

dll

LIST OF LIGHT-STATIONS.

Anvil Point Lt., 55.
Bahama Bank Lt.-v., 89.
Bardsey Island Lt., 80.
Barnsness Lt., 2.
Beachy Head Lt., 50.
Berry Head Lt., 59.
Bishop Rock Lt., 65.
Ball Point Lt., 70.
Caldy Island Lt., 75.
Carnarvon Bay Lt.-v., 81.
Chicken Rock Lt., 88.
Cockle Lt.-v., 25.
Coquet Island Lt., 6.
Cork Lt.-v., 34.

Corton Lt.-v., 28.
Cromer Lt., 17.

Cross Sand Lt.-v., 26.
Douglas Head Lt., 86.
Dudgeon Lt.-y., 15.
Dungeness Lt., 48.

East Goodwin Lt.-v., 44.
Eddystone Lt., 60.

English and Welsh Grounds

Lt.-v., 72.
Flamborough Lt., 9.
Flatholm Lt., 73,
Galloper Lt.-v., 35.

Gull Lt.-v., 43.

Haisboro’ Lt., 20.
Haisboro’ Lt.-v., 19.
Hartland Point Lt., 67.
Helwick Lt.-v., 74.
Inner Dowsing Lt.-y., 14.

Inner Farne Lt., 5.
Isle-of-May Lt., 1.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v., 36.
Languess Lt., 87.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v. 18.
Lizard Lt., 61.

Longsand Lt.-y., 37.
Longships Lt., 63.
Longstone Lt., 4.
Lowestoft Lt., 29.

Lundy Island North Lt., 69.
Lundy Island South Lt., 68.
Lynmouth Foreland Lt., 71.
Lynn Well Lt.-vy., 16.
Morecombe Bay Lt.-y., 84.
Mucking Lt., 40.

Nab Lt.-v., 53.

Newarp Lt.-v., 25.

North Foreland Lt., 41.
North Goodwin Lt.-v., 42.
Orfordness Lt., 32.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v., 13.
Outer Gabbard Lt.-y., 31.
Owers Lt.-v., 51.

Portland Bill Lt., 57,

Royal Sovereign Lt.-v., 49.
St. Abb’s Head Lt., 3.

| St. Ann’s Lt., 76.

St. Bee’s Lt., 90.
St. Catherine’s Lt., 52.
St. Mary’s Lt., 7.
St. Nicholas Lt.-v., 27.

| St. Tudwal Li., 79.

Fe
ENGLAND
axp WALES

English. Mile
1 2 3040 Se

|
Geographical Miles j
ee ae

|

ent ey Tene ns” Jan)
| 56

|
|

SxercouH-MAP SHOWING THE POSITIONS OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
LiGut-StTATIONS.

Selker Lt.-v., 85.

Seven Stones Lt.-v., 64.
Skambles Lt.-v., 56.
Shipwash Lt.-v., 33.
Skerries Lt., 83.

Smalls Lt., 77.

Smith’s Knell Lt.-y., 22.
South Bishop Lt., 78.
South Foreland Lt., 46.

South Goodwin Lt.-v., 45.

South Stack Lt., 82.
Southwold Lt., 380.
Spurn Head Lt., 11.

Spurn Lt.-v., 12.
Start Point Lt., 58.
Sunk Lt.-v., 38.
Tongue Lt.-yv., 39.

Trevose Head Lt., 66.

Varne Lt.-v., 47.
Warner Lt.-v., 54.
Whitby Lt., 8.
Winterton Lt., 24.
Withernsea Lt., 10.
Wolf Rock Lt., 62.
Would Lt.-v., 21.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

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