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HOSE?

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

EDITED BY W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT.

eee DD EE ae conian ines: rw /o gxnsomian Ing tity

iva N 'd, \, LA 4

VOLUME XXVIL. ry ] SESSION 1910-1911. \ ong! Nysew A”

EON D ON,:

WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN.

AUGUST 1911.

ALERE (©) FLAMMAM.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,

PREFACE,

Tue number of attendances at the Meetings of the British Ornithologists’ Club during the 19th Session, 1910-1911, was 396 (this included 318 Members and 78 Visitors), showing an average of 44 per Meeting, a number which agrees exactly with that of the previous Session.

By the death of Captain G. E. Shelley the Club has lost a valued and popular Member, whose well-known works and papers on the Birds of Africa have added so much to the present state of our knowledge.

The present volume contains descriptions of a large number of new species and subspecies of birds, including most of those discovered by the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea. Important communications on Australian birds have been received from Mr. G. M. Mathews, on African birds from Mr. G. L. Bates, Dr. E. Hartert and Mr. F. J. Jackson, and on South American birds from Mr. Hellmayr and others. Many interesting questions on changes of plumage, &c. have been discussed at the various

Meetings.

Among the novelties described during 1910-11 we must not omit to mention the three new forms of Irish birds, one of which, the Irish Coal-Titmouse, is described in this

volume.

The exhibition of Lantern-slides which was held at the

March Meeting was better than on the previous occasion. a2

IV

Dr. F. G. Penrose showed a very remarkable series of slides in natural colours, taken on Lumiere autochrome plates, while a series of cinematograph-pictures taken by Dr. Eric Marshall gave a realistic idea of the camp-life on the Mimika River in Dutch New Guinea, and proved especially interesting.

(Signed) W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT,

Editor. August 11th, 1911.

RULES

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

(As amended, December 14th, 1910.)

I. This Club was founded for the purpose of facilitating the social intercourse of Members of the British Ornithologists’ Union. Any Ordinary Member of that Union can become a Member of this Club on payment (to the Treasurer) of an entrance fee of One Pound and a subscription of Five Shillings for the current Session. Resignation of the Union involves resignation of the Club.

II. Members who have not paid their subscriptions before the last Meeting of the Session, shall cease, ipso facto, to be Members of the Club, but may be reinstated on payment of arrears, and a new entrance fee.

III. Ordinary Members of the British Ornithologists’ Union may be introduced as Visitors at the Meetings of the Club, but every Member of the Club who introduces a Member of the B. O. U. as a Visitor (to the dinner or to the Meeting afterwards) shall pay One Shilling to the Treasurer, on each occasion.

IV. No gentleman shall be allowed to attend the Meetings of the Club as a guest on more than three occasions during

any single Session.

Wil

V. The Club shall meet, as a rule, on the Second Wednesday in every Month, from October to June inclusive, at, such hour and place as may be arranged by the Committee. At these Meetings papers upon ornithological subjects shall be read, specimens exhibited, and discussion invited.

VI. An Abstract of the Proceedings of the B. O.C. shall be printed as soon as possible after each Meeting, under the title of the ‘Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club,’ and distributed gratis to every Member who has paid his subscription. Copies of this Bulletin shall be published and sold at One Shilling each.

VII. The affairs of this Club shall be managed by a Committee, to consist of the Editors of ‘ The Ibis, the Editor of the ‘ Bulletin,’ and the Secretary and Treasurer, ex officio; with three other Members, one of whom shall be changed every year. The Committee shall have power to make and alter Bye-laws.

COMMITTEE 1909-1910.

P. L. Scrater, F.R.S., Editor of ‘The Ibis,’ Chairman. W. R. Ocitrviz-Grant, Editor of the ‘ Bulletin’

H. F. Wiruersy, Secretary and Treasurer.

A. H. Evans, Editor of ‘ The Ibis’

Hon. L. W. Rotuscuitp, Vice-Chairman.

D. Seru-Smiru.

Wi i. ScruarEr.

LIST OF MEMBERS.

JUNE 1911. eee

Artin, Otiver Vernon; Bloxham, Banbury, Oxon.

Arunpzt, Major W. B.; High Ackworth, Pontefract.

Baur, P. H.; Stockhurst Farm, Oxted, Surrey.

Baxer, E. C. Sruarr; care of Messrs. H.S. King & Co., 65 Cornhill, EC.

Baxer, Dr. J. C.; Ceely House, Aylesbury.

Bannerman, Davin A.; 11 Washington House, Basil Street, §.W.

Barctay, Huew Gorney; Colney Hall, Norwich.

Barrerr-Hamitton, Major Grratp E. H.; Kilmanock House, Arthurstown, Co. Waterford.

Barrineton, Ricuarp Mantirre; Fassaroe, Bray, Co. Wicklow.

Beaumont, Water Issorson; 1 Osborne Place, Plymouth.

Bicxurron, W.; The Hawthorns, Marlboro’ Road, Watford.

Biowett, E.; 1 Trig Lane, Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.

Braauw, F. E., C.M.Z.S. ; Gooilust, s’\Graveland, Noord-Holland.

Bonuore, Joun Lewis; Gadespring Lodge, Hemel Hempstead, Herts.

Boorman, 8.; Heath Farm, Send, Woking, Surrey.

Boots, H. B.; ‘“ Ryhill,” Ben Rhydding.

Borrer, C. D.: 6 Durham Place, Chelsea, 8. W.

Braprorp, Dr. J. Rost, F.R.S.; 8 Manchester Square, W.

Briees, T. H.; Rock House, Lynmouth, R.S.O., Devon.

Bristowe, B. A.; The Cottage, Stoke D’Abernon, Cobham, Surrey.

BrockHotes, W. Firzarrsert; Claughton-on-Brock, Garstang, Lancashire. .

Bucxiey, O. M.; 14 Hans Crescent, 8.W.

Bunyarp, P. F.; 57 Kidderminster Road, Croydon.

Burrress, B. A. E.; Craft Hill, Dry Drayton, Cambridge.

Buxton, AntHony ; Knighton, Buckhurst Hill, Essex.

VIII

Camprett, CO. W.; British Legation, Peking.

Carrol, Clement Josep; Rocklow, Fethard, Co. Tipperary, Ireland.

Carman, ApeL; Houxty, Wark-on-Tyne.

Cuvss, CHartEs; British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, 8.W.

Crarke, Capt. Gotanp van Horr, 1).8.0.; Brook House, Hayward’s Heath, Sussex.

Crarke, Col. SrepHmnson Ropert; Borde Hill, Cuckfield, Sussex.

CrarKke, Witttam EKaete; Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh.

Corrs, Ricuarp Enwarp; Ashley Arnewood, Lymington, Hants.

Cottier, CHartes; Bridge House, Culmstock, Devon.

Crossman, Anan F.; care of F. Sharman, 47 Goldington Road, Bedford.

Crow ey, J. C.; 5 Beech House Road, Croydon.

CrowLey, Reeinatp A.; Foord’s Farm, Vines Cross, Heathfield, Sussex.

Curtis, Freprrick, F.R.C.S.; Alton House, Redhill, Surrey.

Date LeisH, Joun J.; Brankston Grange, Bogside Station, Alloa, N.B.

Davis, K. J. A.; Julian Hill, Harrow.

Davison, J.; 32 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh.

Dz Winton, W. E.; Southover Hall, Burwash, Sussex. :

Dossiz, James B.; 12 South Inverleith Avenue, Edinburgh.

Doniz, Witt1amM Hewry, M.R.C.S. ; 2 Hunter Street, Chester.

Dresser, Henry Estes; 110 Cannon Street, H.C.

Drewirt, Dr. F. D.; 14 Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, W.

Durron, Rev. & Hon. Canon; Bibury, Fairford.

Harte, Epwarp V.; Franks, Farningham, Kent.

Exiior, Epmunp A. 8., M.R.C.S. ; Woodville, Kingsbridge, 8. Devon.

Exuison, Rev. Attan; Althorpe Rectory, Doncaster.

Etwus, Henry Jonny, F.R.S.; Colesborne Park, Cheltenham.

Evans, ARTHUR Humstz, M.A.; 9 Harvey Road, Cambridge.

Ewen, Guy L’Esrranes; 1 Claremont Road, Windsor.

Fansuawe, Captain R. D.; Adbury Holt, Newbury, Berks.

Frytixson, Horacr W.; Lancing College, Shoreiam-on-Sea, Sussex.

Fry, Frank; 35 St. George’s Rodd, Regent’s Park, N.W.

Frower, Capt. 8. 8.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt.

Fornes, Henry Occ, LL.D.; 46° Leinster Square, Bayswater, W.

Fosrer, Nevin H.; Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland.

Fow.er, W. Warot, M.A.; Lincoln College, Oxford.

Frouawk, FP. W.; Ashmount, Rayleigh, Mssex.

Ix

GarnsporoveH, The Earl of; Exton Park, Oakham.

Garnett, Cuartes; 9 Cleveland Gardens, Hyde Park, W.

GuerarD, Joun; Worsley, Manchester.

Gisson, Ernest; 25 Cadogan Place, S.W.

Gittmay, A. R.; Heath Vale, Farnham, Surrey.

Gitroy, Norman; Seaford, Sussex.

Guenconner, The Lord ; 34 Queen Anne’s Gate, 8S.W.

Govman, Freperick DuCanz, D.C.L., F.R.S. (President B.O.U.) ; 45 Pont Street, 8.W.

Goopatt, J. M.; 52 Oxford Gardens, North Kensington, W.

Goopcuitp, H.; 66 Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park, N.W.

GoopreLtow, Water; Mont Fleuri, Southborne Grove, Bourne- mouth.

Gouxrp, F. H. Carruruers; Matham Manor House, East Molesey.

Grey, Sir Epwarp, Bart., M.P.; Falloden, Christon Bank, Nor- thumberland.

GrirritH, Arraur F.; 59 Montpelier Road, Brighton.

Gurney, G. H.; Keswick Hall, Norwich.

Gurney, JoHN Henry; Keswick Hall, Norwich.

Haiexn, Georcze Henry Caron; Grainsby Hall, Great Grimsby, Lincolnshire.

Hatz, Rev. James R.; Boxley Vicarage, Maidstone, Kent.

Harineton, Major H. H.; 92nd Punjabis, Mandalay, Upper Burma.

Hanrrert, Ernst, Ph.D.; The Museum, Tring, Herts.

Harviz-Brown, Joun A.; Dunipace House, Larbert, Stirlingshire, IN

Hawxer, R. M.; Bath Club, Dover Street, W.

Heavtry, F. W.; Haileybury College, Hertfordshire.

Hupeus, G. Mircuert; 42 Kensington Park Gardens, W.

Hetimayr, C. E.; Zoologische Sammlung des Staats, Alte Akademie, Munchen, Germany.

Herr, G. Seccompz; 8 Wimpole Street, W.

Horsrietp, Herpert Kyieur; Crescent Hill, Filey, Yorkshire.

Howarp, Rosert James; Shearbank, Blackburn, Lancashire,

Ineram, Cottryewoup; Sussex Mansions, Westgate-on-Sea.

Jackson, F. J., C.B., C.M.G.; The Red House, Aldeburgh, Suffolk.

Jones, Major H.; East Wickham House, Welling, Kent.

Joes, Staff-Surgeon Knnnera H., h.N.; Manor House, St. Stephens, Canterbury.

Jourparn, Rey. F, C. R.; Clifton Vicarage, Ashburne, Derbyshire.

x

Joy, Norman H.; Thurlestone, Bradfield, near Reading.

Ketso, J. E. H., M.D.; Holmwood, Hayling Island, Hants.

Kiyyear, Norman B.; Bombay Natural History Society.

La Toucue, J. D.; c/o Custom House, Chin Kiang, China.

Lariptaw, THomas Geppzs; Bank of Scotland Branch, Duns, N.B.

Laneron, Hersert; St. Moritz, 61 Dyke Road, Brighton.

Lascettus, Hon. Geratp; King’s House, Lyndhurst, Hants.

Le Sovir, D.; Zoological Society, Melbourne, Australia.

Lopsx, G. K.; 5 Thurloe Studios, Thurloe Square, 8. Kensington, S.W.

Lone, Sypney H., M.D.; 37 St. Giles’ Street, Norwich.

Lowr, Dr. P, R.; care of Sir Frederic Johnstone, Bart., The Hatch, Windsor.

Loyp, Lt.-Colonel Arraur Purvis; Hurst Lodge, Sunningdale.

Lucas, The Lord; 33 Grosvenor Road, 8.W.

Lynes, Commander Huserr, R.N.; Garthmeilio, Corwen.

McConnett, F. V.; Camfield, Hatfield.

‘ Macmiiian, G. A.; 27 Queen’s Gate Gardens, S.W.

Macmiiuan, W. E. F.; 27 Queen’s Gate Gardens, 8.W.

Macpuerson, Antuur Hotre; 54 Cleveland Square, Hyde Park, W.

Maeratu, Major H. A. F.; 5lst Sikhs, F.F., Peshawur, India.

Marsnatz, A. McLean; Great Chitcombe, Brede, Sussex,

MarsHatz, James McLean; Bleaton Hallet, Blairgowrie, N.B.

Mason, Colonel E. 8.; 10 Lindum Terrace, Lincoln.

Marunws, G. M.; Langley Mount, Watford.

Maxwett, Rt.-Hon. Sir Herpert E., Bart., P.C., F.R.S.; Monreith, Whauphill, Wigtownshire.

Meape-Waxrpo, Epmonp Gustavus BrLoomrigeLp; Stonewall Park, Edenbridge, Kent.

Mitzais, Joun Guittz; Comptons Brow, Horsham.

Mitts, Rev. H. Hotroyp; The Rectory, St. Stephen-in-Brannell, Grampound Road, Cornwall.

Monro, H. C., C.B.; Queen Anne’s Mansions, 8.W.

Munn, P. W.; The Green, Laverstoke, Whitchurch, Hants.

Mont, Henry; 10 Ashburn Place, South Kensington, 8.W.

Mosters, J. P. C.; Annesley Park, Nottingham.

Nesuam, Roperr; Utrecht House, Queen’s Road, Clapham Park, S.W.

Nexson, T. H.; Seafield, Redcar, Yorks.

Neumann, Oscar; Nollendorfplatz 2, Berlin, W.

xI

Newman, T. H.; Newlands, Harrowdene Road, Wembley, Middlesex.

Nicuors, J. B.; Parliament Mansions, Victoria Street, S.W.

Nicuotson, F.; The Knoll, Windermere.

Nicott, Mrcuant J.; Ghizeh Zoological Gardens, Cairo, Egypt.

Ogitvis, Frrevs Menrerra ; The Shrubbery, 72 Woodstock Road, Oxford.

Oertvie-Grant, W. R. (Zditor) ; British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, 8.W.

OxtpHam, Caas.; Kelvin, Boxwell Road, Berkhamsted, Herts.

Parry, THomas; Fairseat, High Wickham, Hastings.

Parrerson, Wittiam H.; 25 Queen’s Gate Gardens, S.W.

Puarsz, TarEp; Mentmore, Ampthill Road, Bedford.

Pearson, Coartes Epwarp; Hillcrest, Lowdham, Nottingham.

Prarson, Henry J.; Bramcote, Beeston, Notts.

Prnrosz, Francis G., M.D.; Wick House, Downton, Salisbury.

Parties, K. Lorr; 79 Cadogan Square, 8.W.

Pieort, Sir Thomas Diesy, C.B.; The Lodge, Lower Sheringham.

Prayer, W. J. P.; The Quarr, Clydach, R.S.O., Glamorganshire.

Poruam, Huen Lerypornz; Hunstrete House, Pensford, near Bristol.

Price, A. E.; 61 Great Cumberland Place, W.

Proctor, Major F. W.; Downfield, Maidenhead.

Pycrarr, W. P.; British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W.

Rarcrirr, F. R.; 24 Lancaster Gate, Hyde Park, W.

Rawson, Hersert Evetyny; Comyn Hill, Ilfracombe.

Reap, Ropert H.; Camelot, South Parade, Bedford Park, W.

Re, Capt. Savitz G. (late R.E.); The Elms, Yalding, Maidstone.

Renaut, W. E.; 192 Belsize Road, Hampstead, N.W.

Ricamonp, H. W.; King’s College, Cambridge.

tickert, C. B.; 13 St. Paul’s Road, Clifton, Bristol.

Rippon, Colonel G. ; 89th Punjabis, Mandalay, Upper Burma.

Riviere, B. B., F.R.C.S.; St. Giles’ Plain, Norwich.

Rosryson, H. C.; Holmfield, Aigburth, Liverpool.

AotHscHILD, Hon. L. Water, Ph.D., M.P.; The Museum, Tring, Herts.

Rorascuitp, Hon, N. Cuartes; Arundel House, Kensington Palace Gardens, W.

Russect, Conran; 2 Audley Square, W.

XII

Sr. Quintin, W. H.; Scampston Hall, Rillington, Yorkshire.

SapswortH, Arno~tp Duver; Royal Societies Club, St. James's Street, S.W.

SarcEaunt, ARTHUR St. Grorce; Exbury, Padstow, Cornwall.

Sarcent, James; 76 Jermyn Street, St. James’s, 8. W.

Saunpers, W. H. Rapcrirre ; 91 York Street, Westminster, 8. W.

Scuwann, Grorrrey; 4 Prince’s Gardens, 8.W.

Scawann, Harorp; 45 Brompton Square, S.W.

Scrarer, Putri Lurrey, D.8c., F.R.S. (Chairman) ; Odiham Priory, Winchfield, Hants; and Athenzeum Club, London, 8.W.

Scrarer, Witrram Lurtey; 10 Sloane Court, 8.W.

Sexous, Freperick Courrenry ; Heatherside, Worplesdon, Surrey.

Seru-Sauirn, Davin; 34 Elsworthy Road, South Hampstead, N.W.

Suarman, Frepertc; 47 Goldington Road, Bedford.

Sparrow, Major R.; Rookwoods, Sible Hedingham, Essex.

Sranrorp, EK. Fraser; 9 Cumberland House, Kensington Court, W.

Srarzs, J. W. C.; Portchester, Hants.

Srennouss, J. H., M.B., R.N.; Royal Hospital School, Greenwich, S.E.

Sruppy, Colonel Rozerr Wrieut; Waddeton Court, Brixham, Devon.

Sryan, F. W.; Ben Craig, Bayham Road, Sevenoaks.

SwryHoe, Colonel C.; 6 Gunterstone Road, W. Kensington, W.

Swynnerton, C. F. Masuy; 12 Aynhce Mansions, 8.W.

Terry, Major Horace A.; The Lodge, Upper Halliford, Shepperton.

Trorsurn, ArcHiBALp ; High Leybourne, Hascombe, Godalming,

Trcrnurst, Craup B., M.B.; Grove House, Lowestoft, Suffolk.

Ticrnurst, N. F., F.R.C.S. ; 35 Pevensey Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea.

Townsend, R. G.; Buckholt, Dean, Salisbury.

Trevor-Bartyz, Ausyn B. R.; 63 St. James’s Street, S.W.

Tyrwuitt-Draxr, Hues G.; Cobtree, Sandling, Maidstone.

Urcuur, Henry Morris; Sheringham Hall, Sheringham, R.8.0.

Ussuzr, R. J.; Cappagh House, Cappagh, 8.0., Co. Waterford.

Vavenan, Lt.-Comm. Rozsert E.; H.M. Coastguard, Lynn, Norfolk.

Watus, H. M.; Ashton Lodge, Christchurch Road, Reading.

Watton, Major H., I.M.S.; care of Messrs. King, King & Co., Post Box 110, Bombay.

Warptaw-Ramsay, Colonel R. G.; Whitehill, Rosewell, Mid- Lothian, N.B.

XIII

Warxins, Watkin ; 33 Evelyn Gardens, 8.W.

Waurraxer, Josreu I. 8.; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily.

Waite, 8. J.; Oakwood, Crayford, Kent.

Wuitrnnad, Captain C. H. T.; Deighton Grove, York.

Wauymerr, Cuartes; 11 Orange Street, Haymarket, S.W.

Witxinson, Jounson ; St. George’s Square, Huddersfield, Yorkshire.

Witson, Coartes Josepa; 34 York Terrace, N.W.

Witson, Dr. EK. A.; Westal, Cheltenham.

Wutson, Scorr B.; Heather Bank, Weybridge Heath, Surrey.

Wirnersy, Harry F. (Secretary and Treasurer) ; 326 High Holborn, W.C.

Wiruerineton, G.; Aberlash, Sonning, Reading.

Wottaston, A. F. R.; 31 Argyll Mansions, King’s Road, Chelsea, Saw

Workman, Witt1am Hueuus; Lismore, Windsor, Belfast.

[Members are requested to keep the Secretary informed of any changes in their addresses. |

LIST OF AUTHORS

AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO.

AxpwortH, T. P. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

Baur, P. H. Remarks on the status of Fijian birds, 102-103, BaNNERMAN, D. A. Description of a new species, Bradyornis granti, from South-western Abyssinia, 84-85. Barres, G. L. Exhibition and description of two new species of birds from Cameroon, Glaucidium pycrafti and Diaphorophyia tonsa, 85-86. Bickerton, W. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 70-78. BroweE LL, E. Announcement of the death of Captain G. E. Shelley, 34. Exhibition of a photograph of fragments of an egg of the Great Auk (Plautus tmpennis), 40. ——. Exhibition of adark example of the Peregrine (Falco peregrinus), 108. Bonnore, J. L. Remarks on Mr. Bunyard’s exhibition of eggs, 18-19. ——. Remarks on Cormorants, 26. ——. Remarks on the hen-like plumage of a male Black Grouse, 81-82. Exhibition of, and remarks upon, some feathers taken from the head of the Water-Rail, 82. Remarks on the sequence of nestling-plumages in the Hagle-Owl, 82-83. Exhibition of an example of the Continental Blue Titmouse (Parus ceruleus ceruleus), 101. Borrer, CiirForp. Exhibition of two rare British visitors (Antheus campestris and Sylvia nisoria), obtained in Norfolk, 16. ——. LExhibition of clutches of egos of the Crossbill, 61. —. KExhibition of a specimen of the Greater Black-backed Gull with a wooden stake projecting from its breast, 78. B. O. U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea: exhibition of cinematograph- slides taken by Dr, Eric Marshall, 69. Bunyarp, P. F. Exhibition of a series of eggs, including abnormally marked examples, 17.

——. Exhibition of eggs of the Cuckoo with those of the foster- parents, 40,

XVI

Bunyarp, P. F. Exhibition of a clutch of eggs and down of a Common Hider-Duck from a semi-albino female, 40.

——. [Exhibition and notes on eggs of several species of birds, 48-49.

——. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Cressbill, 60.

CaRRoL., C. J. Exhibition of some remarkable plumage-varieties of various species of birds, 50.

——. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 59-60.

Cuuss,C. On behalf of Mr. F. V. McConnell, exhibition of an example of Micrastur guerilla from British Guiana, 29.

——. Exhibition and description of a new species of bird (Upucerthia tamucoensis) from 8. Chile, 101.

Committee, Election of, 2.

Crossbills, Exhibition of nests and eggs of, 58-61.

Dossiz, J. B. Remarks on Mr. Bunyard’s exhibit of eggs of Parus major, 49-50.

Farren, W. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 75-74. Frouawk, F. W. Remarks on Cormorants, 25-26,

Goopatt, J. M. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

GoopFELLow, WALTER. On his return from New Guinea, 66.

GrirFfitH, A. F. Exhibition of a male and female example of the Sociable Plover (Chettusia gregaria) obtained between Rye and Winchelsea, 28-29.

——. Exhibition of an adult male example of the Grey- backed Warbler (Aédon familiaris) shot at Ninfield, Sussex, 29.

—. Remarks on a great flight of Rooks at Orpington, Kent, 29.

——. Exhibition of a specimen of the Sooty Tern (Sterna fuliginosa) captured to the east of Brighton, 95.

Gurney, J. H. Exhibition of two Seventeenth Century prints of the Bass Rock, from Sleezer’s ‘ Theatrum Scotiz,’ 57-58.

Hat, Rey. J. R. Exhibition of a remarkable variety of the Robin shot at Dunvegan, Isle of Skye, 48.

——. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

—. Remarks on the variation in the size, material, and situation of the nest of the Crossbill, 61.

Harineton, Major H. H. Descriptions of two new species of birds, Actinodura radcliffei and Pomatorhinus rippont, 9-10, Hartert, E. Exhibition and descriptions of three new species and subspecies of birds :—Cvsticola flowert, Cinnyris zenobia buru-

ensis, and Calandrella minor aharoni, 12-18,

: ' ;

XVII

Hartert, E. WExhibition and description of two new subspecies of birds, Ammomanes deserti whitakert and Munia caniceps kumustt, 46-47.

Heitimayr, C. HE. Description of a new species of Tanager (Calospiza huberr) from N. Brazil, 84-35.

——. Correction in his description of Calospiza hubert, 50.

——. Descriptions of two new races of Humming-birds (Phaéth- ornis yaruqui sanctijohannis and P. superciliosus muelleri), 92-

95.

IrEDALE, Tom. A new generic name, Mathewsia, for the “ Aus- tralian Crane,” 47.

——. Description of a new subspecies of bird from W, Australia (Cincloramphus rufescens mathewst), 97-98.

Jackson, F, J. Descriptions of six new species of birds from East Africa :—Estrilda pallidior, Cinnyris sheppardi, Prinia inter- media, Alethe kikuyuensis, Argya keniana, and Bradypterus macrorhynchus, 6-8.

JouRDAIN, Rey. F. C. R. Exhibition of a small series of clutches of egos of Certhia familiaris and C. brachydactyla, 27.

——. Exhibition of eggs from Cyprus, 27-28.

——. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Long-tailed Titmouse (4igithalus caudatus italia) from Italy, 39.

——. I[xhibition of a clutch of three eges of the large Kastern form of

Bewick’s Swan (Cygnus bewicki jankowskiv) from Oktotsk, 58.

Exhibition of clutches of eges of the Crossbill, 61.

Joy, N. H. Exhibition of smooth stones and beetles found in nests of Gulls and various species of birds, 78.

4

Lopez, R. B. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 73.

McConnett, F. V. See C. Couns.

——. Description of new species and subspecies of birds from British Guiana (Neopipo helene and Rhynchocyclus olivaceus yuianensis) , 105-106.

Matuews, G. M. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Creeper (Climacteris rufa obscura) from Warren River, S.W. Australia, 16.

——. Exhibition and description of a new species of Ground-bird (Ctnelosoma alisteri) from West Australia, 16-17.

—-. Ixhibition of a new subspecies of Weaver - Finch (Munia castaneothorax assimilis), 28.

WOLs isk ViLUs b

XVIII

Maruews, G. M. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Parroquet (Platycercus venustus hilli) from Broom Bay, N.W. Australia, 28.

——. Description of a new subspecies of Shearwater (Puffinus chloro- rhynchus tredal) from Sunday Island, Kermadecs, 40.

——. Remarks on Lopsaltria hilli, Campbell, believed to be the female of Pachycephala melanura, 41.

——. Ona new subspecies of Grass-Wren (Amytornis striatus owenr) from W. Australia, 48.

——. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Owl (Ninox humeralis queenslandica) from N. Queensland, 62.

——. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of ‘“ Squeaker ” (Aphelocephala leucopsis pallida), 62.

——. Description of a new subspecies of Grass-Finch (Poéphila per- sonata belcheri) from N.W. Australia, 68.

——. Exhibition and description of two new subspecies of Australian birds (Rhipidura albiscapa alistert and Pomatostomus super- ciliosus ashby?), 87.

——. Remarks on Poéphila auranturostris, North, 95.

——. Descriptions of new species and subspecies of Australian birds :— Meliornis nigra dulciet, Acanthiza albiventris hamiltoni, and Acanthiza wredalei, 96-97.

——. On a new name, Acanthiza morgan, for A. tenuirostris, Zeitz, Sie

——. Descriptions of six new species and subspecies of Australian birds :—Piezorhynchus nitidus wardelli, Diaphorillas striatus howet, Coracina melanops tasmanica, Myzomela obscura harterti, Artamus tregellasi, and Butorides rogerst, 99-101.

MrapE-Watpo, EH. G. B. Remarks on the breeding of the Kite in Wales and appeal for financial assistance, 8-9.

——, Remarks on Puffinus gravis, 22.

——. An account of a visit to Algeria and remarks on some of the birds observed, 90-91.

Meanrs, C. StantEy. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 69.

Miniars, J. G. Exhibition of an adult male Black Grouse (Lyrurus tetriv) which had partially assumed the plumage of the female, 54.

——, Exhibition of an adult male hybrid Pheasant (Phastanus colehicus x P. torquatus) which had partially assumed the plumage of the female, 54.

——. Remarks on the partial summer-plumage of the male Red Grouse, 55-56.

Munr, H. Exhibition of a nest and a clutch of five eggs of the Emperor Goose (Philacte eanayica) taken at Goodness Bay, Alaska, 48.

xIxX

Nicout, M. J. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Bee-

eater (Merops viridis cleopatra) from Egypt, 11-12. Exhibition and remarks on some mummified birds from Luxor, 91. Exhibition of some birds new to the avifauna of Egypt, 91-92. Exhibition of three female examples of the Redstart which had assumed a plumage similar to that of the male, 92.

Oarttvir-Grant, W. R. Announcement that H.M. Government had

granted £4000 towards the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea, and remarks on the progress of the Expedition, 5-6.

Exhibition of a species of Bower-Bird which he believed to be the hitherto unknown female of Chlamydodera lauterbachi, 10.

Description of a new species of Crombec (Sylviella chubbi) from N.W. Rhodesia, 10-11.

Exhibition of an example of the Blue-winged Teal (Querquedula discors) shot in Co. Cork, 15-16.

Exhibition of a series of skins of Phalacrocorax carbo showing all the stages of plumage between the young bird in down and the adult in full breeding-plumage, 22-25, 27.

Exhibition and description of a new species of Flycatcher (S¢izo- rhina grandis) from Gazi, British East Africa, 30.

Remarks on the New Guinea Expedition (Mr. Walter Good- fellow invalided home), 31.

Exhibition and description of a new species of Coal-Titmouse (Parus hibernicus) from Ireland, 36-37.

Exhibition of a series of Harlequin Ducks showing the eclipse plumage of the male, 38-39.

Editorial note on Mr. Meek’s visit to Dutch New Guinea, 36.

A new name (Carpodacus formosanus) for the Formosan Rose- Finch, 50-51.

Remarks on three male hybrid Pheasants which had partially

assumed the piumage of the female, 54.

Remarks on the plumage of the Red Grouse, 56-57.

Iixhibition of a new species of Flycatcher (Tursiger elgonensis) from British East Africa, 57.

On the Crossbill nesting in Ireland, 59.

Exhibition of the very rare Bird-of-Paradise (Xanthomelus ardens) obtained by the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea, 66-67.

Exhibition of a new species of Parrot (Cyclopsittacus godmant) from the Upper Mimika River, 67-68.

Exhibition and remarks on the Black Grouse in various stages of plumage, 80-81.

On a new species of Parroquet (Aprosmictus wilhelmine) from Dutch New Guinea, 83-84.

XX

Ocrivie-Grant, W. R. Exhibition of examp’es of two rare species of Fruit-Pigeon procured by the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea, 84.

——. ltemarks on the dark example of the Peregrine exhibited by Mr. Bidwell, 103.

——. Exhibition of examples of two rare species of birds (Campochera sloetu and Pycnopyyius stictocephalus) from Dutch New Guinea, 104.

—-. Description of two new species of birds (Columba stalkert and Piezorhynchus wells) from Ceram, 104-105.

——. Description of a new species of Crombec (Sylviella lowei) from West Africa, 105.

Penrose, Dr. F.G. Exhibition of a copy of the Report of the Migration Committee (Bull. B. O.C. xxvi.), 30.

——. Appeal to Members for financial assistance for the Migration Report, 41.

——. Ixhibition of lantern-slides, 68-69.

Proctor, Major F. W. Beyitien of a clutch of eggs of the Greenish Willow-Warbler (Phylloscopus viridanus), 16.

Pycrarr, W. P. Ona male Pheasant assuming female plumage, 55.

Short account of his investigations relating to the down-plumage

of the Barn-Owl (Strix flammea), 58.

—-. IJxhibition of a drawing of the head of Gould’s Harrier (Circus

assimilis) showing the aperture of the ear, 58.

Reap, R. H. Exhibition of an example of a pale variety of the Robin found dead in Somersetshire, 62.

——. Exhibition of some unusually coloured eggs of the Chaflinach,

62-63.

Exhibition of lantern-slides, 74-75.

_ Renavut, W. E. Exhibition of clutches of eges of the Crossbill, 60.

Roruscuinp, Hon. Watrer. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Bower-bird (Amblyornis subalaris germanus), from the Rawlinson Mts., German New Guinea, 13-14.

——. Exhibition ofa skin of Ce realli Jacksoni obtained by Herr Rudolf Grauer near Lake Tanganyika, 14.

——. Exhibition of two varieties of the African Crested Kingfisher (Corythornis cyanostiyma), 14.

—. Exhibition and description of a new form of Paradise- Bisel (Parotia carole meeki) from the Snow Mts., Dutch New Guinea, 85-36.

——. Exhibition of Paradisea maria, Reich., believed to be a hybrid, 36.

——. Exhibition and description of two new Parrots (Charmosynopsis multestriata and Nasiterna pyymea viridipectus) from Dutch New Guinea, 45.

XXI

Roruscuiip, Hon. Watter. MJemarks on an Editorial Note on Mr. Meek, 46.

——, and Harrert, E. Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Atlantic Petrel (Puffinus obscurus atlanticus), 43.

—., . Exhibition of a new form of Spider-hunter (Melilestes nove-quinee flaviventris) from the Aru Islands, 44-45.

Scrater, P. L. Chairman’s Address, 2-5.

——. Jxhibition of an ego of the Great Shearwater (Puffinus gravis), hitherto unknown, 22.

——. Announcement of alteration of date of Meetings, 33-34.

——. Congratulations to Mr. Walter Goodfellow on his return from New Guinea, 66.

——. Exhibition of adult and immature male specimens of Mergus squamatus, 77-78.

—. A letter from Mr. Eagle Clarke on a successful expedition to St. Kilda, 78.

ScrateR, W. L. Exhibition of examples of a new species (Apalis claudet) from Cape Colony, 15.

—. Exhibition of the skin of a young Coot from Tristran da Cunha, 94,

Seru-Smiru, D. Exhibition and remarks on an immature example of a Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera cristata) procured in the Mabera Forest, Uganda, 14-15.

——. Exhibition of skins of two races of the Long-tailed Grass-Finch (Poéphila acuticauda and P. hecki) from Australia, 94-95,

SHELLEY, Capt. G. E. Death of, 34.

Smity, J. Beppaty. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crosshill, 60.

Smyru, P. B. Exhibition of clutches of eggs of the Crossbill, 61.

Ticrnurst, Dr. C. B. Remarks on Cormorants, 26.

——. Exhibition of a male example of the Black-throated Thrush (Turdus atrigularis) shot at Wittersham, Kent, 94.

Turner, Miss HK. L. Exhibition of lantern-slides, 70.

Upcurr, H. M. Remarks on the Crossbill breeding near Brandon Station, Norfolk, 61.

Wirnersy, H. F. Yearly statement of accounts, 30.

——. Exhibition of an abnormally coloured Blackcock, 79.

——. Exhibition of various species of birds showing the Continental and Lritish races, 95-96,

VOL. XXVII. c

BULLETIN

OF THE

mekilohy ORNITHOLOGISTS' CLUB:

No. CLXITI.

Tue hundred and sixty-first Meeting of the Club was held

at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 19th of October, 1910.

Chairman: P. L. Sctater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—W. I. Beaumont, E. Browe tt, J. L. Bonuore, C. Borrer, P. F. Bunyarp, Colonel 8. R. Ciarxe, H. E. Dresser, F. D. Drewrrt, M.D., A. H. Evans, J. Gur- RARD, J. M. Goopatt, F. H. C. Goutp, E. Harter, Ph.D., Rev. F. C. R. Jourparn, G. E. Lopes, G. M. Martuews, EK. G. B. Meapr-Watpo, H. Munt, T. H. Newman, W. R. Ocitviz-Grant (Editor), C. OtpHam, C. E. Pzarson, /F. G.

Prenrosz, M.D., A. E. Pricz, Major F. W. Proctor, \F. R. ) Rarcuirr, R, H. Reap, C. B. Rickert, Hon. W. Roruscninp, _

Ph.D., W. L. Scrater, F. C. Serovus, D. Srra-Smitn, E. F: Stanrorp, J. H. Srennouss, M.B., R.N., N. F. Trcenurst, F.R.C.S., H. M. Watts, 8S. J. Waite, H. F. Wirnersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—Major H. M. Marcarp, E. M. Murray, L. M. Seru-Smitu, T. Tart, L. E. Taytor.

[November 4th, 1910.] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. | 3

The CuarrmMan announced that at a Meeting of the Com- mittee of the Club, held that evening, the following Officers had been elected for the ensuing Session, 1910-1911 :—

P. L. Scuarer, F.R.S., Chairman. W. R. Ocitvis-Grant, Editor. H. F. Wirnersy, Secretary and Treasurer. A. H. Evans, Joint-Editor of the ‘ Ibis.’ . Hon. Waurer Roruscuitp, Vice-Chair- man. ; D. Seru-Smiru. sei W. L. Scrarer (in place of Mr. E. G. : B. Meapr-Watvo, retiring by seniority ).

Dr. E. Harrerr was requested to act as Auditor.

CHarrmMan’s ADDRESS ON OpEninG THE NINETEENTH SESSION OF THE B. O. C.

Brotuer Memsers oF THE B, O. C..—

On taking the Chair at the opening of the Nineteenth Session of our Club I propose, in accordance with the usual custom, to offer you a few remarks on some of the chief ornithological events which have taken place since I occupied that honourable position in October 1909.

The principal event in our branch of science that has occurred during the past twelve months has been, I think I may say, the successful Meeting of the International Congress of Ornithologists, which was held at Berlin in May and June, under the Presidency of Professor Reichenow, H.M.B.O.U. Iam very sorry that I was not able to attend the Meeting myself, but my advancing years are, I think, a sufficient excuse. I am, however, still more sorry that a greater number of our younger Members did not take this excellent opportunity of fraternizing with our German cousins. I am told that only about five or six Ornitho- logists of British nationality were present. The British Ornithologists’ Union was, however, well represented by

3 [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. Dresser, who was specially selected for the post by the Committee. He has sent us an excellent Report on the proceedings of the Congress which will appear in ‘ The Ibis’ for this month.

Before I proceed to make remarks on other parts of my subject I must call your attention to the very sad loss we have experienced during the past year by the death of two of our much-esteemed Members—Dr. Sharpe and Mr. Boyd Alexander. Dr. Sharpe, one of the best-known and most devoted students of Birds that ever lived, and, in fact, the founder of this Club, attended our Meeting on the 15th of December, 1909, a few days before his death. Boyd Alexander, the celebrated Explorer, who confessed that the study of bird-life was the main object of his adventurous career, met his fate in Central Africa, by the hand of an assassin, on the 2nd of April. I need not repeat here the well-deserved eulogies that have been given of both these heroes of Ornithology in the pages of ‘ The Ibis’: they are fully appreciated by all of us.

Although the preface to the fifth volume of Sharpe’s ‘Hand-list’ was dated “August 1909,” the book was not sent out until some months afterwards, and therefore clearly comes within the limits of my “Address.” Sharpe’s ‘Hand- list’? is a mine of wealth into which all workers in Orni- thology may dig with profit—they are sure to find gold. But they will also find in it a certain amount of alloy, and sbould not adopt the nomenclature and references of the work without careful examination. It is a great misfortune, to my mind, that Sharpe began his List at the bottom of the tree of Bird-life and ended at the top. The one method of treatment is, of course, as correct as the other, but until recent years all writers on Birds had begun at the top of the Class. Had Sharpe simply followed the arrangement used in the ‘ Catalogue of Birds’ his ‘ Hand-list” would have been of double value. The ‘ Hand-list ’ was projected as a supple- ment to the ‘Catalogue’ and should have conformed with it in its scheme of classification. Nevertheless the ‘ Hand- list ? is a great work, and will render the name of RicHarp Bown er SuHarre ever famous among Ornithologists.

Vol. xxvii. | 4

I venture to suggest that an Index to all the five volumes might easily be prepared, and would be of very great advan- tage to working Naturalists.*

Another good piece of work that has recently been brought to a conclusion, by the issue of the fifth and last Part, is Mr. Godman’s ‘ Monograph of the Petrels.’? I consider that our excellent President has done a thoroughly good deed in taking up this group and carrying out the original plan of the work as projected and begun by Salvin and himself some years ago. Nothing is so unsatisfactory as an unfinished book: it is worse than useless and simply prevents anyone else from taking up the same subject. Instead of this we have in the present case a sumptuous quarto volume of 380 pages and over a hundred plates drawn by Keulemans, together with an accompanying letterpress which embraces all that is known of this difficult group of birds up to the present time.

A third noteworthy ornithological product of the past twelve months is the new edition of the celebrated American “ Check-list.”” The first edition of the ‘ Check-list of North American Birds’ was published in 1886, the second in 1895, and the third a few months ago. Like the two former editions of the List, the third has been prepared by a Com- mittee of the American Ornithologists’ Union, consisting of some of the best known and most capable American Orni- thologists, with Dr. J. A. Allen, of New York, as their Chairman. It is not necessary, and, indeed, would be quite out of place, to enter into any criticisms of it on the present occasion. It is sufficient to say that the nomenclature of the last edition of the Check-list was nearly universally adopted by American writers on birds, and that I have little doubt that the third edition will meet with the same favourable reception, although it would seem that some serious alterations have been made in it. But I could not conscientiously say that I should like to see the American canons of nomenclature adopted by the British Ornitho- logists’ Union, for I cannot at all agree with many of them.

* [This index is already being prepared.—ED. |

5 [ Vol. xxvii.

A fourth publication of this year which I should not fail to mention is Mr. Pycraft’s ‘ History of Birds,’ which, I am sure, will meet with most careful attention from all Members of the B.0. U. No one of us, I believe, knows the structure of birds (both inside and outside) more thoroughly than our friend Mr. Pycraft. His new work contains the results of many years of careful study, and contains a mass of information upon every part of his subject.

I must not fail to mention here the recent issue of the sixth part of Dr. Hartert’s ‘ Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna,’ which completes the first volume of that important work. It describes not less than 240 distinguishable forms of the Paleearctic Ornis. Though not always able to agree with the author in his mode of treatment, we must all admire the unceasing energy and skill with which he has collected his information on the subject and placed it at our disposal.

In conclusion, I will call attention to a remarkable discovery which has lately been made in the distribution of European birds—namely, that the Island of Corsica appears to have been separated from the mainland of Europe for a sufficiently long period of time to cause a modification of some of the native birds. We all know that Corsica pro- duces a very distinct form of Nuthatch (S7tta whiteheadi). But recent researches* (af confirmed) show that at least twelve other Corsican species have acquired a sufficient amount of difference to warrant their distinction as sub- species.

Mr. Ocitvie-Grant said that he had much satisfaction in informing the Members of the Club that H.M. Government had been pleased to grant a sum of £4000 towards the expenses of the B. O. U. Expedition to the Snow Mountains in Dutch New Guinea. (This announcement was received with much applause.) He went on to say that the Hxpe- dition had now reached a camp on the Waitakwa River,

* Ornith. Monatsh. 1910, p. 133.

Vol. xxvii.] 6

to the east of the Mimika, and on the 2nd of August was about thirty-five miles from the snows.

Owing to the S.E. Monsoon the weather had been ex- tremely trying and the rainfall almost incessant during the last few months; many of the carriers had suffered severely from fever and had been obliged to return to their homes, a misfortune which had greatly hindered the progress of the Expedition. He was sorry to report that Mr. Goodfellow had also been suffering from fever and had been ill for some weeks, but the latest news reported “all well,’ and he therefore hoped that the attack had passed off.

Mr. Claude Grant, accompanied by the two Dyaks whom Mr. Robinson had so generously supplied to the Expedition aud all the fresh supply of stores, had arrived on the 19th of August at Dobo, where he was joined by Mr. G. C. Shortridge. The latter had entirely recovered from his recent attack of fever and was on his way to rejom the Expedition. The

party expected to reach the camp at Toupoué about the 24th of August.

Mr. F. J. Jackson sent for exhibition examples of the following new species of birds which had recently been discovered by his collectors in Hast Africa. He proposed to describe them as follows :—

EstRILDA PALLIDIOR, sp. n.

Adult male. Nearly allied to £. nigrimentum, Salvad., from Somaliland and Southern Abyssinia, but easily distinguished by its much paler coloration, the crown, mantle, and under- parts lacking the rosy tinge which is very pronounced on the flanks and belly of the Somaliland species.

Total length 4°8 inches; wing 2°1; tail 2°4; tarsus °55.

Obs. In EH. nigrimentum the measurements of the male are: wing 2°2 inches, tail 2°5, a trifle greater than in E. pallidior.

Hab. Northern Uaso Nyiro, B.E. Africa, 10. viii. 09.

CINNYRIS SHEPPARDI, Sp. 0. Adult male. Nearly allied to C. microrhyncha, Shelley,

7 [ Vol. xxvul.

but somewhat larger, especially as regards the bill. It differs in lacking the narrow maroon band across the breast which in C. microrhyncha borders the purple breast-band posteriorly. Culmen 0°8 ; wing 2°5; tail 1°6; tarsus 0°65 inch.

Adult female. Larger and paler than the female of C. microrhyncha, the throat being whitish and the rest of the underparts faintly washed with yellow; the outer as well as the inner margins of the primary-quills conspicuously white. Wing 2:2 inches.

Hab. Kiunga, near Lamu, B.E. Africa, 31. vii. 06.

Obs. This species has been named in honour of Mr. R. W. Sheppard, who has recently been engaged in preparing a catalogue of Mr. Jackson’s collection of bird-skins.

PRINIA INTERMEDIA, Sp. 0.

Adult female. Intermediate between P. mystacea, Riipp., and P. somalica (Elliot). From the former it differs in having the upperparts greyer and the underparts much paler, only the upper part of the breast, flanks, and thighs being washed with pale buff. It resembles P. somalica in having distinct pale margins to the greater wing-coverts, but the upperparts are much darker and the sides and flanks are more distinctly washed with buff.

Wing 1°9; tail 2-4 inches.

Hab. Northern Uaso Nyiro, 3000 ft., 17. vii. 09.

ALETHE KIKUYUENSIS, sp. 0.

Adult male and female. Near A. carruthersi, Grant, but somewhat larger, and with the general colour of the upper- parts, especially of the mantle, more olive and less rufous; the ear-coverts are grey like the crown, and are not washed with olive, as in A. carruthersi.

Wing 3°8 inches.

Hab. Kikuyu Forest, B.E. Africa, 5400 ft., 7.11. 09.

ARGYA KENIANA, Sp. D2.

Adult male. Most nearly allied to A. aylmeri, Shelley, bat differs in having the lores and crown uniform dark chestnut and the general colour of the rest of the upperparts of a

Vol. xxvii. | 8

more rufous-brown. The underparts are likewise more rufous, the edges to the feathers of the throat and chest being rufous, while in A. aylmeri they are whitish and contrast very distinctly with the blackish bases of the feathers.

Hab. Emberre, Kenya District, 12.11. 08.

BRaDYPTERUS MACRORHYNCHUS, Sp. 0.

Adult female. Most nearly allied to B. nyasse, Shelley, but easily distinguished by the much longer culmen, measuring 0'7 inch (as compared with 0.6), longer wing, measuring 2°75 imches (as compared with 2°55), and by the rather longer tarsus, which measures 1-0 inch, and is deep black in colour in the dried skin. In B. nyasse the tarsus measures 0°95 inch and is of a pale yellowish-brown in the dried skin. The colours of the soft parts in life have not been recorded in either species.

The general colour of the plumage is much the same as in B.nyasse, but the wing and the tail-feathers are blackish- brown, with only the margins to the outer webs rufous.

Hab. il-polossat, Laikipia, 7500 ft., BLE. Africa, 21. vi. 08.

Mr. E. G. B. Mreapre-Watpo (the Treasurer of the Kite- Fund) stated that the breeding-season of the Kite (Milvus milvus) being now over, he thought that the Members of the Club might care to hear some details of what had taken place in Wales during 1910. So far as he had been able to ascertain, the facts were as follows :—Of the four nests which had been watched, three contained young, which were successfully reared. One nest had three young ones, another two, and athird one; the fourth nest was forsaken during in- cubation. The west in which only one young bird was reared originally contained two nestlings, but one of these, which had apparently been blown out of the nest during a violent storm, had been found dead at the foot of the tree.

It had been suggested that the stock of British Kites still existing in Wales had probably become infertile through old age and interbreeding, but this appeared to be by no means the case: on the contrary, they seemed to be

OT [ Vol. xxvil.

remarkably fertile, only one addled egg having been found in the nests that were examined in 1910. The number of birds now appeared to be about twenty, and it was gratifying to be able to record the appearance this autumn of a pair nearly thirty miles from their headquarters. Every pre- caution was being taken to preserve them from destruction.

Mr. Meade-Waldo added that it was now five years since he had asked the Members of the Club for pecuniary help towards the expenses incurred in preserving these remarkably interesting and beautiful birds-of-prey, but he was now about to beg for further assistance.

This appeal was generously responded to, and a con- siderable sum was collected in the room. Further sums are, however, urgently wanted, and subscriptions may be forwarded to the Treasurer of the Fund.

Major H. H. Harrneron forwarded examples of two new species of birds, which he proposed to describe as follows :—

ACTINODURA RADCLIFFEI, sp. 0.

Adult male. Differs from A. ramsayi (Walden) im having the fore-part of the head and crest darker ferruginous, the general colour of the upperparts ochraceous, instead of cimereous olive-brown, and the throat, breast, and sides of the body rich ochraceous ; the abdomen is conspicuously white, and the feathers of the throat have rather conspicuous blackish shaft-streaks. Iris brown ; bill dark brown; le pale brown.

Total length about 9°7 inches; culmen 0°8; wing 3°6; tail 5°O'; tarsus 1:2.

Hab. Ruby Mines District, Upper Burma.

Type ¢. Ruby Mines District, 24.11.10. Obtained by Major H. Delmé-Radcliffe. Presented to the Natural His- tory Museum.

gs

PoMATORHINUS RIPPON, Sp. 0. Adult male and female. Most closely allied to P. olivaceus, Blyth, from Lower Burma, but with the general colour of

Vol. xxvii. ] 10

the upperparts olive-brown instead of rufous-brown ; the tail similar in colour to the upperparts (in P. olivaceus it is much darker, blackish towards the tip and rufous towards the base); the chestnut patch on the sides of the neck some- what paler; and the bill usually more slender.

Total length ca. 8°3 inches; wing 34; tail 3°7; tarsus 0°85.

Hab. Shan States.

Mr. Oaitviz-Grant exhibited an example of a species of Bower-Bird which had been collected by Mr. G. C. Shortridge on the Kamura River, Dutch New Guinea, during the B.O.U. Expedition. The specimen, which was an adult female, was believed to represent the unknown female of Chlamydodera lauterbachi, Reichenow, the type of which had been procured on the Jagei River, a tributary of the Ramu River, in German New Guinea.

The type of this fine species, an adult male, had been figured by Dr. Reichenow in the ‘ Journal fiir Ornithologie,’ 1897, pl. vi.

It was possible, as suggested by Mr. Rothschild, that the male of the bird from the Kamura River might prove dis- tinct from C. lauterbachi. .

Mr. Ocitvis-Grant also exhibited an example of a new species of Crombec, which had been forwarded to him by Mr. Ernest Chubb, of the Bulawayo Museum. He described it as follows :—

SYLVIELLA CHUBBI, sp. Nn.

Adult female. Most nearly allied to 8S. ruficapilla, Bocage, but differs in having only the ear-coverts chestuut, the crown being greyish-olive like the rest of the upperparts. Iris hazel; bill dark brown above, pale brown below; legs and feet pale flesh-colour.

Total length (measured in the flesh) 3°75 inches ; wing 2°5 ; tail 1-1.

1] [ Vol. xxvii.

Hab. N.W. Rhodesia, 12th of November, 1909 (Rev. F. A. Rogers and E. C. Chubb).

Obs. A second example of this species has recently been presented to the Natural History Museum by Capt. Arthur Reid, who procured it to the east of Lake Bangweola on the 11th of October, 1909.

Mr. M. J. Nicott sent for exhibition examples of a new subspecies: of Bee-eater, together with the following remarks :—

On comparing a series of the little Green Bee-eater from North Egypt with a series of Merops viridis viridissimus, Swains., from the Sudan, I find that the former is easily separable by its much bluer-green coloration.

In his ‘ Birds of Egypt’ Captain Shelley figures this northern form, but calls it Merops viridis, Linn., thereby uniting it with the Indian form. As there seems to be no available name for the Egyptian bird, I propose to call it

MerropPs VIRIDIS CLEOPATRA, subsp. n.

Adult male and female. Difter from M. viridis viridissimus in being bluish-green above and below, and not bronze-green. The sexes are similar in colour, but the female is slightly duller, and has the elongate middle tail-feathers shorter than in the male.

Culmen 31 mm.; wing 92.

Hab. Egypt. Resident near Cairo, whereit breeds. Many migrate southwards in winter as far as the Blue and White Niles.

Type @: No. 486. Mazghouna, near Cairo, 6.11.08. Coll. M. J. Nicoll.

Obs. At present I know of only one breeding-place, i. e. at Mazghouna, though there are probably others.

I have examined specimens in winter from the Sudan (Blue and White Niles) and from Luxor.

M. viridis viridissimus is found as far north as Luxor, there being an example from that locality in the Tring Museum.

Vol. xxvii. | 12

Dr. Parrot has described (Orn. Monatsb. 1910, p. 18), under the name of M. viridis reichenowi, the Green Bee- eater from Abyssinia, which he says is yellower on the throat than M. viridis viridissimus. This form, however, has nothing to do with the Egyptian bird, and is not separable from M. v. viridissimus.

Dr. EK. Harterr exhibited examples of three new birds, which he described as follows :—

CisTICOLA FLOWERI, Sp. n.

Adult. Bill strong, curved, and blackish in colons only the basal portion of the under mandible being whitish Ga the dry skin). Lores creamy white; crown dull rufous, rest of the upper parts greyish-brown, neither striped nor spotted. Quills brown, outer webs edged with rufous-brown towards the base; innermost secondaries with the margin of the outer web greyish-white towards the tip, inner webs edged with dull buff. Rectrices blackish-brown, the central pair browner, with an indistinct indication of a blacker subapical bar; the four lateral pairs with white tips, about 6 mm. wide on the second and third, but much narrower on the fourth pair; outermost pair with white tips from 8 to 10 mm. wide, and the outer webs entirely white. Underparts creamy white, yellowish on the chest; thighs rufescent. Legs and feet (in skin) reddish-brown.

Culmen 15 mm.; wing 52-58°5 (probably male and female) ; tail 39-42.

Hab. Sennaar and Barankwa on the Blue Nile.

Type in the Tring Museum, No. S.F.870. Collected by Captain S. S. Flower, after whom the species has been named.

CINNYRIS ZENOBIA BURUENSIS, subsp. n.

Adult male. The comparison of a dozen males of this Sun- bird from Buru with a large series of C. zenobia cenohia from Amboina (the original locality for typical C. zenobia) and other islands shows that the Buru race has a much

13 [ Vol. xxvii.

shorter and finer bill. The bill in male examples from Buru measures 17-19 mm., in those from other islands 21-22 mm.

Type in the Tring Museum: . Bara, Buru, September 1898. Obtained by Mr. Dumas, the late A. Everett’s collector.

CALANDRELLA MINOR AHARONIT, subsp. n.

Adult male. Resembles C. minor leucophea, but the upper- side is not so pale, being greyish or sometimes browner, and always darker, with the blackish central markings larger and more conspicuous ; the jugulum is more distinctly spotted, the bill thicker, the wing longer, and the outermost rectrices have wider black edges to the inner webs. It differs from C. minor seebohmi in having the upperparts much less sandy and greyer in colour, and in having blacker spots on the jugulum. Wing 96°5-104 mm.

flab. North Syrian Desert.

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. Karyatein, 25. iii. 10. Obtained by J. Aharoni.

Obs. Numbers of this large, thick-billed, greyish form were collected in March 1910 at Karyatein in the Syrian Desert, but though the collector believes it to be a resident bird, absolute proof of this fact is still wanting, and I am inclined to think that it is a Central Asiatic bird spending the winter in Syria.

The Hon. Watrer Rotuscuitp, Ph.D., exhibited a new form of Amblycrnis, which he described as follows :—

AMBLYORNIS SUBALARIS GERMANUS, subsp. n.

Adult female. Slightly darker and more rufescent than the female of A. subalaris subalaris, the feathers of the throat being uniform, while in the latter they have a paler median line and dark brown edges.

Culmen 28 mm.; wing 128; tail (somewhat worn) about 90 ; metatarsus 38.

Crest of the male like that of A. s. subalaris.

Hab. Rawlinson Mts., German New Guinea.

For this novelty I am indebted to Professor Foerster, of

Vol. xxvii. | 14

Bretten. The existence of a species of Amblyornis in German New Guinea was first indicated by the receipt of the crest of a male, obtained from natives in the Rawlinson Mountains. So far no complete skin of a male has been obtained, only that of a female. This agrees with A. s. subalaris from British New Guinea in the small size of the bill and wings and in the bright colour of the under wing-coverts and wing- lining, but they are even brighter, being almost rusty orange. It differs, however, in the darker and more rufescent upper- parts, darker breast and flanks, and uniform throat.

Mr. Roruscuitp also exhibited a skin of Cuculus jacksoni, Sharpe, shot by Herr Rudolf Grauer 300 kilometres west of Baraka, Lake Tanganyika, in the Congo Free State. It was apparently the second example on record.

He likewise showed two varieties of the African Crested Kingfisher, Corythornis cyanostigma. One of these, from Kasongo, was pale blue on the upper surface, instead of brilliant ultramarine-blue, and the crest-feathers were almost white. The other, from the island of Kidjwe in Lake Kivu, had the tips of most of the quills buff, as if faded. These specimens were also collected by Herr R. Grauer.

Mr. D. Setu-Smitu exhibited an immature example of a Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera cristata), which had been procured by his brother, Mr. L. M. Seth-Smith, in the Mabera Forest, Uganda*. From the appearance of the specimen he believed that it was between two and three months old. It was remarkable in that it showed four distinct stages of plumage. The head, which was still covered with the nestling-down, was marked as follows :— Forehead black, with long erect down where the crest would eventually appear; a broad band of dark brown on the occi- put, bordered by two narrow bands of buff; sides of the head black interspersed with buff; throat buff, with minute black feathers tipped with white down the middle.

The body was completely feathered, three distinct stages

* G. cristata seth-snuthi, Neumann, Bull. B, O. C. vol. xxiii. p. 18.

15 [ Vol. xxvii.

of plumage being indicated. The feathers on the breast represented the first plumage, and were blackish, edged with buff, while a few on the back, representing the same stage, were chestnut at the base, with a broad black spot near the extremity and tipped with buff. The flank-feathers, upper wing-coverts, primaries, secondaries, and a few feathers interspersed on the back represented a second stage of plumage, being black crossed with wavy lines of blue. The remainder of the feathering, especially on the back, was that of the fully adult bird, being black covered with distinct spots of pale blue, each spot having a white centre.

Mr. W. L. Scrarur exhibited examples of a new species of Apalis from Cape Colony. He proposed to name it

APALIS CLAUDEI, Sp. 0.

Adult male and female. Above dark slaty-grey throughout, with the faintest perceptible wash of olive; ear-coverts slightly paler than the back ; a black spot in front of the eye; throat white, separated from the breast and abdomen by a narrow black transverse band; rest of the underparts white along the middle line, olive-brown on the flanks and under tail-coverts; the two or three outer pairs of tail- feathers tipped with white, the outermost pair chiefly white.

Length about 130 mm.; culmen 13; wing 50; tail 57; tarsus 20.

Hab. Knysna, Cape Colony.

Type in the Natural History Museum: ¢@. Knysna, 12.11.05. Obtained by Mr. Claude H. B. Grant, after whom it has been named.

Obs. This species has hitherto been confounded with Apalis thoracica, from which it differs in having the back slaty-grey instead of green and the abdomen white instead of yellow.

Mr. Ocrtvie-Grant exhibited an example of the Blue- winged Teal (Querquedula discors), which had been shot by Mr. B. W. Wise on the bogs at Ballycotton, Co. Cork, early in September 1910. The specimen, which proved to be an immature female, had been presented to the National

Vol. xxvu.] 16

Museum, Ireland, whence it had been forwarded for identi- fication. It was well known that during the last few years this species had been imported into England, and had been kept in captivity at Woburn, where it had bred in 1909. It was therefore quite possible that the bird exhibited might be one of the full-winged offspring which had escaped, and this fact should not be lost sight of.

Mr. Currrorp Borrer, on behalf of Mr. F. I. Ricuarps, exhibited two of our rarer British visitors which had been obtained last month in Norfolk: one was an adult Tawny Pipit (Anthus campestris) procured on the 15th of Sep- tember, the second was an immature Barred Warbler (Sylvia nisoria) procured on the 27th of that month.

Major F. W. Proctor exhibited a clutch of eggs of the Greenish Willow-Warbler (Phylloscopus viridanus) which had been procured at Issik-Kul, Turkestan, by Mr. Kutzenko’s collectors on the Ist of May, 1909 ; the eggs, four in number, were pure white without any traces of markings.

Mr. G. M. Marsews exhibited an example of a new subspecies of Creeper which had been collected by Mr. T. Carter, who proposed to describe it as follows :—

CLIMACTERIS RUFA OBSCURA, ‘subsp. n.

Differs from typical examples of C. rufa, Gould, in being very much darker in colour both above and below. The bill is longer and more curved, and the measurement of the wing is less, being 86 mm.

In an example of C. rufa from Broom Hill, the wing measures 93 mm.

Hab. Warren River, South-west Australia.

The type is in the collection of Mr. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. Maruews also exhibited and described an example of a new species of Ground-Bird, which he named

CINCLOSOMA ALISTERI, Sp. n. Adult male. Upper surface, including the head, ear-

is 7 [Vol. xxvii.

coverts, hind-neck, sides of neck, entire back, scapulars, and middle tail-feathers chestnut ; the lesser, median, and greater wing-coverts black tipped with white, like the primary- coverts ; the primary-quills brown, with pale edges to the outer webs, more strongly pronounced towards the base ; the inner secondaries more broadly margined with chestnut on the outer webs ; outer tail-feathers black broadly tipped with white, more narrowly towards the middie, some of the feathers margined with rufous on the outer web; super- ciliary Jine whitish-buff; lores and a line through the eye black, like the throat and fore-neck; breast and middle of the abdomen buff, becoming more rufous on the sides of the body, which is divided from the latter by a line of black striations; under tail-coverts brown, spotted with black and tipped with white; lesser under wing-coverts whitish-buff, greater coverts brown ; quills below pale brown, with rufous edgings on the inner webs. Bill black ; iris brown ; feet grey. Culmen 19 mm.; tail 73; tarsus 28. Hab. West Australia. The type is in the collection of Mr. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited a series of eggs, including abnormally marked examples of the following species :—: Song-Thrush (Zurdus musieus) (a clutch of four eggs with the ground-colour pure white) ; Stonechat (Pratincola rubicola) (clutch of five eggs with the ground-colour green, as in the eggs of the Pied Flycatcher); Ringed Plover (Hiyialitts hiaticola); Nightjar (Caprimulgus europeus) ; Lesser Whitethroat (Sylvia curruca); and Wood-Lark (Lullula arborea). ae

He also showed a clutch of eight éggs of the Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) and a clutch of eggs taken in Lancashire on the 20th of April, 1910, and believed to be those of the Ruft (Machetes pugnax). They had been sent to him as eggs of the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago), but he considered them to be undoubtedly those of the Ruff.

The Cuairman said that he would be glad to hear any i VOL. XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. | 18

comments on Mr. Bunyard’s exhibit, and called on Mr. J. L. Bonuore, who made the following remarks :—

“T hardly like to rise in order to object to exhibitions that Members at much personal inconvenience have been good enough to bring here to show us; but it seems to me that we are hardly fair to ourselves if we let displays, such as Mr. Bunyard has brought before us to-night, pass without comment. We are all, with the exception of a few guests, Members of the B.O.U., and two years ago the B.O. U. passed a rule condemning the taking or destroying of rare British Birds and their eggs. To go back still further, this very Club passed some years ago a pious expression of opinion that its Members should stay their hand in regard to the destruction of certain species; yet we now find ourselves looking on, if not with enthusiasm, at least with that silence which gives consent, at a display of clutches of eggs of several distinctly local birds and the exhibition of an extremely rare clutch of eggs, in the taking of which, I am glad to note, the exhibitor had no share, though we must always bear in mind that eggs would not be taken if there was no market for them.

““T am the last to decry collecting : how many of us owe our interest in birds to the egg-collections we made as boys at school, and where would our knowledge of the science of ornithology be were it not for collections? But the good of collecting lies in its use and not in its abuse, and I do not hesitate to say that no scientific purpose is served by the accumulation of masses of clutches or by the destruction of a single clutch of one of our very rare breeding species. Such acts only pander to a collector’s greed, and bring the scientific study of birds into bad repute. Since our last Meeting in June a letter, which some of you may have seen, appeared in the ‘Times’ from a former Member, decrying the present attitude of the Union and stating that it had become a society of exterminating collectors. Such remarks as this, which tend to injure our whole status, must be refuted in no uncertain manner, and if we continue to witness exhibitions such as the present without a protest

19 [Vol. xxvii.

we are certainly adding an appearance of truth to such remarks.

“ All I would ask you to-night is to show by a motion your strong disapproval of the mere collectors’? and ex- terminators’ instinct which leads to exhibitions like the present ; and I would therefore beg leave to move the following resolution :—

«<«That this Meeting strongly disapproves of the collecting and exhibiting of large series of clutches of eggs of British breeding birds, or of British-taken eggs of our rare breeding species, except for the purpose of demonstrating some new scientific fact.’ ”

Mr. Merapr-Watpo said that he would be most happy to second the motion, which, after a somewhat animated discussion in which a number of Members took part, was carried almost unanimously.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 16th of November, 1910, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. |

(Signed) P.L.Scrater, W.R.Oeriviz-Grant, H.F. Wiruersy, Chairman. Editer. Sec. & Treas,

BULLETIN

OF THE

bRltish ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

No. CLXIV.

THe hundred and sixty-second Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 16th of November, 1910.

Chairman: P. L. Sciater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—D. A. Bannerman, W. I. Beaumont, K. Browett, J. L. Bonnotz, P. F. Bunyarp, A. Buxton, C. Cuuss, EH. V. Earnie, H. J. Evwes, F.R.S., A. H. Evans, F.W. Frouawk, Eartor Garnsporouen, F.H.C.Goutp, A.F. GrirritH, Rev. J. R. Haus, HE. Hartert, Ph.D., C. Iveram, Rev. F. C. R. Jourparn, G. E. Lopez, G. M. Martuews, E. G. B. Mzapr-Watpo, P. W. Mtnn, H. Munt, T. H. New- MAN, W. R. Oeitviz-Grant (Hditor), C. OrpHam, C. E. Pearson, H. J. Pearson, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., Major F. W. Proctor, W. P. Pycrart, R. H. Reap, C. B. Rick Hon. W. Roruscuiztp, Ph.D., A. D. Sapsworts, ue te, Scnater, F. C. Serovus, D. Seru-Smitu, C. B. Tye URST, | 1 it M.R.C.S., N. F. Trcenurst, F.R.C.S., RB. J. Ussuter, OG +4 1910 Wars, H. F. Witnersy (Sec. & Treas.). Ny, tenal N yew

Visitors :—G. Tyrwuitt Drakes, G. E. Harrison.

[ December 1st, 1910. ] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. ] 0}

Dr. P. L. Sciater exhibited an ege of the Great Shear- water ( Puffinus gravis, O'Reilly) which had been presented to him by Mr. Péringuey, of Cape Town. It was one of the specimens obtained at Tristan d’Acunha by Mr. P. C. Keytel, during his recent visit to that group of islands (cf. Report of S. Afr. Mus. 1909, p. 8). Dr. Selater remarked that this was one of the few birds in the “ British List’’ of which no authentic eggs were hitherto known (cf. Saunders, I]. Man. Brit. B. p. 738, and Godman, Monogr. Petrels, p. 91).

The egg, which was of a uniform dirty white, slightly stained, and pyriform in shape, measured 3°3 inches by 1:9.

Mr. E. G. B. Meapz-Watpo remarked that in January 1906 the ‘ Valhalla’ “lay to” off Tristan d’Acunha for four days, but, owing to rough weather, he was unable to land. Among many other Petrels, he saw numerous pairs of Puffinus gravis, and when about 140 miles to the east of that island large numbers were again observed. He felt sure that they must have been breeding on some of the islands of the group.

Mr. W. R. Octtvis-Grant exhibited a series of skins of the Cormorant (Phalacrocoraz carbo, Linn.), showing all the stages of plumage between the young bird in down-and the adult in full breeding-plumage. He said that it would he remembered that, at the March meeting of the previous Session, Mr. Frohawk had exhibited a Cormorant with a pure white breast and belly, which he regarded as a variety of the fully adult bird, on account of its large size and the bright blue-green colour of its iris. Mr. Frohawk’s bird had been shot at the Scilly Isles on the 30th of June, 1909, and had been described and figured in the ‘Field’ of the 13th of November, 1909, and again in Witherby’s ‘ British Birds,’ ili. pp. 885-390 (1910).

At the March meeting of the Club already referred to he had stated that there could not be the slightest doubt that Mr. Frohawk’s bird was a young Cormorant still in the plumage of the first year, and that. the colour of the eye

23 [Vol.: xxvit.

did not necessarily imply that the bird was adult, the eye becoming green at the end of the first year. With this statement other Members of the Club had disagreed, and were inclined to follow Mr. Frohawk in believing that the bird in question represented an abnormal variety. There was, however, nothing abnormal in the bird’s plumage, and it was undoubtedly a young bird about a year old, which had not yet begun to moult the feathers of its breast, though many of the feathers of the upperparts, including the middle pairs of tail-feathers, were in course of moult. It had been stated that the white feathers on the breast and belly of this bird were mostly new, but a closer examination showed that this was not really the case.

Although he could not agree with Mr. Frohawk’s con- clusions, he thought the Members of the Club ought to be much obliged to that gentleman for calling attention to this stage of plumage; and as the changes of plumage in the Cormorant appeared to be imperfectly understood by many ornithologists, he had been at some pains to obtain additional examples of young birds from Scotland during October, while Mr. W. P. Pycraft and Mr. H. EH. Howard had also procured some éxtremely instructive specimens from Donegal in the month of August.

The changes of plumage might be briefly summarized as follows :—

1st Year.—The series exhibited commenced with two young birds taken from the same nest on the 9th and 18th of August respectively. The younger was entirely clad in sooty-brown down, but in the older bird the quills of the wings and tail were partially grown and on the breast and belly many pure white feathers were to be found making their appearance among the dark down. From the same colony in Donegal three fully feathered young birds were also obtained, birds which had, no doubt, been hatched a month or two earlier than the downy young already referred to. These varied somewhat as to the amount of white on the breast and belly, ‘and in the darkest of the three only the middle of the under- parts was white, the dark feathers on the sides and flanks

Vol. xxvii. ] 24

encroaching much further on to the breast and belly. Two - young birds procured at Cromarty in October had the entire breast and belly white, and were in that respect similar to ~ the bird shot by Mr. Frohawk at the Scilly Isles, but, being only four or five months old, they were not moulting, and had the bluish-grey iris characteristic of youth. Both were heavy birds, and weighed respectively, ¢ 7 lbs. 14 oz. and ¢° 5 lbs. 4 oz., as against 2 6 lbs. 12 oz., which was the weight recorded for Mr. Frohawk’s specimen.

It would thus be seen that the amount of white on the underparts of young birds varied somewhat, some individuals being pure white, others white down the middle only, while specimens (such as one exhibited, also obtained at Cromarty) might be found in which most of the white feathers were tipped with brown. In all young birds, even the whitest, the sides of the breast and flanks were always dark brownish- black.

The series exhibited illustrated very clearly the variation between one extreme and the other. All showed the characteristic narrow whitish-brown edges to the scapulars, secondaries, and their coverts bearing traces of nestling down, conclusively proving them to be birds in their first plumage.

2nd Year.—The above-described plumage was retained till the following summer-moult, which generally commenced in May and June; but the moult in younger birds was evidently irregular, the irregularity being probably partly caused by theirvarying age, some birds being hatched in April, others in June or even in July. These last would no doubt commence their moult later than those hatched in April. The plumage of the underparts was the last to be renewed, and in the birds exhibited, killed in February and March, the plumage of the second year might still be found in moult on the breast and belly, while that of the upperparts, wings, and tail had been renewed some months previously. When the bird was about a year old the colour of the iris changed from bluish-grey to green. The underparts of the Cormorant in its second year were glossy-black more or less mottled with white, the feathers all over the breast and belly

25 [ Vol. xxvil,

having the basal half white and the terminal part black glossed with bluish and shading into brown towards the middle, the white basal portion being only partially concealed. The feathers of the upperparts were much like those of the adult, but not quite so brightly coloured.

3rd Year.—After its second summer-moult the Cormorant assumed the plumage of the adult, and the underparts were glossy greenish-black, the feathers of the breast having white bases, while those of the belly had the basal portion smoky-grey. In British birds the white hair-like feathers on the head and neck and the white flank-patches began to make their appearance early in January, the perfect breeding- plumage being generally assumed by the end of February. The white plumes on the head were retained until the be- ginning of April, when they commenced to drop out, and they disappeared entirely by the middle of May; but the flank-patches were retained till the middle of June and did not disappear till the end of July.

In looking through the very large series of skins in the Natural History Museum, Mr. Frohawk had unfortunately examined about one-third only of the specimens, and had not seen the cabinet containing the British and European skins, which included a number of young white-breasted birds as well as birds in the second year’s plumage. ‘These had been procured by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in 1898, when he was writing volume xxvi. of the ‘ Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum.’

Mr. F. W. Frowawk said that as no definite conclusion had been arrived at respecting the length of time the immature plumage might be retained in certain examples of the Common Cormorant, he still held the opinion expressed by other Members at the Meeting on the 16th of March, 1910. There was no evidence, as far as he knew, to prove that his white-breasted specimen might not be a bird two years old, retaining the white breast similar to the first plumage. He also believed that it could not be a bird of the first year, on account of the colouring of

Vol. xxvii. | 26

the eye, which was blue-green, and not of the pale brownish hue characteristic of the young bird of the first year. It was quite possible that certain individuals might retain the white breast for several years, if not for life.

Dr. C. B. TicrHurst said he was very much interested in Mr. Ogilvie-Grant’s exhibition, but he could not entirely agree with his explanation of the sequence of plumages. There seemed to be a lack of positive preof of the ages assigned to some of the birds, and he further pointed out that Mr. Frohawk’s ‘“ white-breasted’’ bird could not, in his opinion, be a bird of the year, but, judging from its worn old plumage and from the fact that the wings and tail were in moult, must be at least 15 months old.

Mr. J. L. Bonnorz remarked that the main point seemed to be in what numbers the pure white-breasted young Cor- morants were found. He personally had never seen them until Mr. Frohawk’s specimen was brought forward; they were not mentioned or figured in most text-books, and the local fishermen in the Scilly Isles had only seen them during the last few years. On the other hand, Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, Mr. Pycraft, and Mr. Howard had obtained specimens in Scotland and Jreland and were of opinion that in those places the white-breasted form was the normal (#. e. the most _ numerous) type of young bird.

Mr. Bonhote suggested that these white-breasted birds appeared sporadically at various colonies, and that once they had appeared they might increase and swamp the darker forms. Such a mutation, in view of the existence of white- breasted species of Cormorants in other parts of the world, seemed to him quite likely to occur. The evidence on either side was, however, by no means conclusive, and he hoped that Members would make further observations on the subject, more especially with regard to the proportion of white- and dark-breasted young in the different colonies of Cormorants.

97 [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. Ocitvre-Grant said that he was unable to state in what proportion pure white-breasted young Cormorants were to be met with, but they were very common. The amount of white on the breast, as already remarked above, varied in different individuals and was in no way dependent on locality.

There was no reason for supposing that Mr. Frohawk’s bird was in any way different from dozens of white-breasted young Cormorants which he had examined, most of which: ‘were to be seen in the collection at the Natural History Museum. The fact of its having possessed a blue-green eye had already beenaccounted for, as it was well known that with the assumption of the second plumage the colour of the iris changed from bluish-grey or brownish-grey to green. As regarded the age of the white-breasted birds, it was perfectly certain that they were all birds in their first year, in spite of their size and weight. An examination of their somewhat pointed scapulars, secondaries, and greater secondary-coverts, narrowly margined with brownish-buff, removed all doubt on that point, and, bearing that in mind, there could be no difficulty in assigning the approximate age of each individual.

The Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain exhibited a small series of clutches of the closely-allied species Certhia familiaris, Linn., and C. brachydactyla, Brehm. ‘he eggs of the former had been taken in the British Isles, where only C. familiaris was found, while those of the latter were taken in Friesland and S. Spain, where only C. brachydactyla bred. The difference between the eggs of the two species was very noticeable, those of C. brachydactyla being much more heavily marked and resembling the eggs of Parus cristatus in general appearance.

Mr. Jourpatn also exhibited some eggs from Cyprus which had been sent to him for examination by Mr. J. A. Bucknill. Among them were eggs undoubtedly those of Coccystes glandarius (Linn.), which had been taken from nests of Pica pica (Linn.) (but not of Corvus corniz pallescens, Madarasz), thus confirming Schrader’s observations that the Magpie was the usual host of this Cuckoo in Cyprus.

Vol. xxvii. | 28

Amongst other eggs’ sent were those of Calandrella brachydactyla (Leisler), which could now be added with certainty to the list of species breeding in Cyprus, and one egg, apparently of some species of Anthus, from the Larnaca district, where as yet no Pipit was known to breed.

Mr. G. M. Maruews exhibited examples of a new sub- species of Weaver-Finch, which he proposed to call

MUuNnIA CASTANEOTHORAX ASSIMILIS, Subsp. n.

Differs from M. castaneothorar (Gould) in having the chestnut band on the chest much darker in colour, and the upper tail-coverts rich chestnut-brown. Wing 55 mm.

Hab. Eureka, Northern Territory. Type No. 5308, Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. Maruews also described a new subspecies of Parro- quet :—

PLATYCERCUS VENUSTUS HILL, subsp. n.

Differs from P. v. venustus, Kuhl, in having the white feathers on the face reduced to a very narrow line, the blue spreading nearly all the way up to the black below the eyes. The blue on the primary-coverts is also very much more intense. Iris umber; bill whitish-grey ; feet dark grey. Measurements as in P. venustus.

Hab. Napier, Broom Bay, North-west Australia. Type No. 5609, Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Obs. This subspecies is named in honour of the collector, Mr. G. F. Hill.

The type of P. venustus came from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory.

Mr. A. F. Grirrira exhibited a male and female example of the Sociable Plover (Chettusia gregaria, Pall.) in breeding- plumage. They were two of four examples which had been obtained between Rye and Winchelsea, between the 25th and the 27th of May, 1910, by a man named Thorpe. The other two specimens were in the collection of Mr. J. B. Nichols.

29 [Vol. xxvii.

There were five birds in the flock, but the fifth had appa- rently escaped. The birds exhibited had been examined in the flesh by Mr. R. Butterfield, Mr. L. C. Edwards, and others, and had been mounted by Mr. Bristow, of St. Leonards. They had been presented to the Booth Museum by Messrs. J. E. Hall and E. Robinson.

Mr. Grirrits also exhibited an adult male example of the Grey-backed Warbler (Aédon familiaris, Ménétr.) which had been shot at Ninfield, Sussex, on the 13th of May, 1910, by Mr. Morris, and examined in the flesh by Mr. L. C. Edwards. It had been mounted by Mr. Bristow, of St. Leonards, and purchased by the exhibitor, who had presented it to the Booth Museum at Brighton.

[This appears to be the second British-killed example of this species, the first having been obtained at Hythe, Kent, on the 15th of July, 1907: cf. Nichols, Bull. B.O.C. xxi. p- 63 ; zd. in Witherby’s Brit. Birds, i. p. 257 (1908).—Ep.]

Mr. Grirrits also made the following remarks :—

“On getting out of the train at Orpington Station, Kent, about 4.20 this afternoon (14th November, 1910), I saw a continuous steady flight of Rooks passing south towards Farnborough. They continued in an unbroken stream for 154 minutes, from ten to over twenty abreast, at an average distance apart of about 15 feet along the line of flight. The rate of flight appeared to be rather over 10 miles an hour. These figures show that the total number which passed over me was about 13,600. How many had passed before my arrival, I cannot, of course, guess ; but they then stretched southwards as far as the eye could see.”

Mr. C. Cuuss, on behalf of Mr. F. V. McConnetn, exhibited an example of Micrastur guerilla, Cass., which had been obtained at Iturbisce, British Guiana. Hitherto the species had been known to range only from Southern Mexico to Panama and Ecuador.

Vol. xxvii. | 30

Mr. Ocitvis-Grant exhibited an example of a new species of Flycatcher procured by Mr. Robin Kemp at Gazi, British East Africa, which he proposed to call

STIZORHINA GRANDIS, Sp. 0.

Adult. Most nearly allied to S. vulpina, Reich., which it closely resembles in the colour of its plumage, but very much larger. Iris brown; bill blackish ; feet flesh-colour.

S. grandis, sp. u.: Total length ca. 8°8 inches ; culmen from gape 0°95 ; wing 4°7; tail 4°15; tarsus 1:2.

S. vulpina, Reich. : Total length ca. 6:7 inches; culmen from gape 0°65; wing 3:8; tail 3:2; tarsus 0°85.

Hab. Gazi, Shimba Hills, near Mombasa, 28. viii. 10.

Dr. F. G. Pzwnrost laid before the Club a copy of the Report of the Migration Committee, which would form Volume xxvi. of the Bulletin of the B.O.C. This Report, which had been issued since the October meeting of the Club, contained the result of the observations on the migratory movements during the autumn of 1908 and the spring of 1909. He said that the volume was the result of a very considerable amount of work, which had been shared by all the members of the Committee, but that by: far the largest portion of preparing it had been done by Dr. N. F. Ticehurst and Dr. C. B. Ticehurst.

The publication of the work had been somewhat costly, and Dr. Penrose said that he would be obliged to ask either the Club or individual Members to assist in meeting the surplus expense. He did this with the more confidence, as the Migration Committee had not asked for any help during the last two or three years.

It was decided that the question, how the above sum could be raised, should be dealt with by the Committee of the Club.

The TreasurRER made his annual statement of accounts, showing that the finances of the Club were in a satisfactory state.

31 [ Vol. xxvii.

Iv is with regret that we have to announce that Mr. Watrrer GoopFELLow, the leader of the British Ornithologists’ Expe- dition to the Snow Mountains, in Dutch New Guinea, has been invalided home.

A few days ago Mr. Ogilvie-Grant received a cable from Macassar, announcing this unfortunate news.

It may be remembered that im his last article on the Expedition, which appeared in ‘ Country Life’ on the 5th of November, he had mentioned the fact that Mr. Goodfellow had been suffering severely from fever, but a letter dated August the 2nd seemed to indicate that he had recovered from the attack.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 14th of December, 1910, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. |

(Signed) P.L.Scitarer, W.R.Ocitvie-Grant, H.F. Wirnersy, Chairman. Editer. Sec. & Treas.

SULLETIN

OF THE

bal bisit ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB:

No. CLXV.

Tue hundred and sixty-third Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 14th of December, 1910.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—D. A. Bannerman, E. Briowe tu, S. Boorman, P. F. Bunyarp, Aspen Cuapman, C. Cuuss, A. H. Fivans, Capt. R. D. Fansnaws, Rev. J. R. Hats, E. Harrert, Ph.D., Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain, G. KE. Lopes, A. McLean Marsnatt, G. M. Martuews, E. G. B. Meape- Waxpo, H. Menzt, W. R. Ocitvin-Grant (diter), C. OLp- HAM, C. E. Pearson, F. G. Penrost, M.D., A. E. Price, Major F. W. Proctor, R. H. Reap, C. B. Rickert, Hon. Waiter Roruscuitp, Ph.D., W. L. Scuater, F. C. SeLous, D. Seru-Smitru, J. H. Srennousst, M.B., R.N., C. B. Ticrnurst, M.R.C.S., N. F. Ticenvrst, F.R.C.S., H. M. Wattis, J. Wiixinson, H. F. Witnersy (Sec. & ————__

Treas.). ry ansonian ingtit Visitors :—T. P. Atpwortu, E. F. p— Rovermont, L. M. SETH-SMITH. VAN 14 loi,

A

The CHarrMAN announced that the Committee had decidediona| Musew in future to hold the meetings of the Club on the secon Wednesday in the month instead of on the third. It was

[ December 31st, 1910.) VO, SA,

Vol. xxvii | 34

hoped that this change would not prove incorvenient to the Members.

Mr. E. Brpwett said that by the death of Captain G. E. Shelley, which took place at Bournemouth on the 28th of November, the Club had lost a valued and popular Member, whose well-known works and papers on the Birds of Africa had added so much to the present state of our knowledge. Captain Shelley had been elected to the British Ornitholo- gists’ Union in 1870, and had joined the Club on its formation in 1892. For some years past he had been an invalid in failing health, and it was greatly to be regretted that on that account he had been unable to finish his great work on the ‘ Birds of Africa.’ It was unanimously agreed tiiat the Secretary should convey the sympathy of the Club to Mrs. Si elley and her family.

Mr. C. E. Herimayr sent the description of a new species of Tanager, which he proposed to call

CaLosPiZA HUBER, sp. n.

Nearly adult male. Above shining silvery-buff, slightly shaded here and there with greenish, the fore-part of the crown somewhat darker and of a more golden-buff ; upper tail-coverts dull blue ; lesser and median upper wing-coverts dull indigo-blue with blackish bases; primary and greater wing-coverts blackish on the inner and dull indigo-blue on the outer web; quills and rectrices blackish, edged exteriorly with greenish-blue ; sides of the head, throat, fore-neck, and a broad area along the middle of the breast and ubdomen dull slaty-black, the feathers of the fore-neck and belly with more or less distinct apical edges of indigo- blue ; sides and anal region silvery-buff; under tail-coverts darker and more ochraceous. Axillaries and under wing- coverts smoky-grey, narrowly edged with dull greenish-blue. Bill blackish, under mandible paler. Wing 72; tail 522; bill 114 mm.

Adult female. Similar to that of C. cayana (Linn.), but easily distinguishable by its bluer wings and upper tail-

35 [| Vol xxvit.

coverts, duller and less buff-coloured abdomen, and especially by having the pileum golden-buff, instead of light cinnamon- rufous. Wing 71; tail 53; bill 12 mm.

Hab. Island of Marajo, North Brazil.

Type in the Zoological Museum of Munich. @ vix ad. No. 1910.319. Cachoueira, Rio Arary, Island of Marajo, 14.11.1910. Obtained by Prof. Lorenz Miller.

Obs. The male of this interesting new species is inter- mediate in its affinities between C. cayana (Linn.), from the Guianas and Venezuela, and C. flava (Gm.), from Eastern Brazil (Bahia to Pernambuco). From the former it differs chiefly in Jacking the cinnamon-rufous cap, and in having the throat as well as the middle of the belly blackish; and from the latter in having the general colour, both above and below, deep ochraceous, and the dark area of the under- parts much deeper and of a more dead black. From both, C. hubert may also be distinguished by the colour of the axillaries and under wing-coverts, which are whitish-buff in C. cayana, and biack in C. flava.

The new species is named in honour of Dr. Jacques Huber,

Director of the Museu Goeldi, Para, who greatly facilitated

Mr. Miiller’s work during his collecting-trip in Amazonia. to) to)

The Hon. Watter Rotuscuitp exhibited and described a new form of Paradise-bird of the genus Parotia from the Snow Mountains in Dutch New Guinea, which he proposed to name

PAROTIA CAROL MEEKI, subsp. n.

Immature male. Differs from P. c. berlepschi, Kleinschmidt, in having the sides of the crest broadly edged with white from the base of the bill to above the eye. In P. c. ber- lepschi the white edge begins in front of the eye and reaches back to the end of the crest. From P. c. carole it differs in having the chin, as well as the upper half and sides of the throat black instead of buff, while in P. c. berlepschi the whole throat is black.

Adult female. Differs from the female of P. c. carole in having the crown and middle of the forehead of a different

Vol. xxvii.| 36

shade of grey and more uniform, being less mottled with white. The female of P. c. berlepschi is unknown.

o inmature. Iris pale green; bill and feet black.

2. Iris pale blue; bill black; feet pale blue.

Hab. Letekwa* River, Dutch New Guinea, 2000-2500 feet. Collected by A. S. Meek.

Mr. Roruscnitp also exhibited a male of the Bird of Paradise known as Puradisea maria, Reichenow, which he believed to be a hybrid between P. augus!@-victorie, Cab., and P. guilielmi, Cab. Male examples of the two last- named species were likewise shown.

Mr. W. R. Octtvie Grant exhibited and described ex- amples of a new species of Titmouse from Ireland.

He said that it might seem almost incredible that an extremely distinct and well-marked species of Irish Tit- mouse should have escaped notice until the present time; nevertheless such was undoubtedly the case.

Of this new species, which he proposed to eall Larus hibernicus, he had now examined twelve adult examples from the following counties: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, West- meath, and Sligo. Knowing that the Natural History Museum was extremely deficient in examples of Irish birds, Mr. Collingwood Ingram had kindly forwarded a few speci- mens from Boyle, Co. Sligo, and, among them, two Coal- Titmice, which Mr. Ogilvie-Grant had at once recognised as belonging to a species quite distinct from P. britannicus. Mr. Ingram was unaware that there was any particular interest attaching to the birds, and it seemed extraordinary that no one had hitherto noticed the striking characteristics of the Irish Titmouse.

The pale mustard-colour of the patches on the sides of the head and occipital spot, as well as of the breast and

* [Usually written “Oetakwa.”’ It appears that Mr. Meek, who is at present engaged in collecting for Mr. Rothschild, has joined a Dutch Expedition which is attempting to outstrip the B.O.U. Expedition and be the first to reach Carstenz Peak, in the Snow Mountains, by way of the Oetakwa River!—En. |

37 [ Vol. xxvii.

belly, also the clear cinnamon-coloured sides, flanks, and upper tail-coverts, rendered P. Aibernicus distinguishable at a glance from P. britannicus.

Through the kindness of Dr. Scharff he had been able to examine five examples of the Irish Titmouse, preserved in the National Museum of Ireland. One of these, a fine male example from Athlone, had been obtained as long ago as May 1865!

The species might be characterized as/ follows :—

PaRUS HIBERNICUS, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Differs from the male of P. britannicus, Sharpe & Dresser, in having the light patches covering the sides of the head and neck, as well as the occipital spot, pale mustard-yellow, the back olive-grey washed with yellowish- cinnamon, the upper tail-coverts cinnamon, in marked contrast with the rest of the upperparts, the breast and belly whitish, washed with mustard-yellow, and the sides aud flanks cinnamon. Iris dark hazel; bill black; legs bluish-slate-colour.

‘Total length ca. 43 inches; wiug 2°45; tail 1:9; tarsus 0:75.

Adult female. Similar to the adult male, but smaller. Wing 2:2 inches.

Hab. Ireland.

Obs. In freshly killed examples the mustard-yellow colour of the light patches on the sides of the head, occiput, and underparts was very bright and conspicuous, but the colour faded considerably a few days after death.

There could be no doubt that the British Coal-Titmouse also occurred commonly in one locality at least in the north- east of Ireland, for Mr. Ogilvie-Grant had himself obtained a number of specimens at Clandeboye, Co. Down, in January 1904. These differed in no way from examples of P. bri- tannicus from England and Scotland. He was not aware whether these birds bred in Co. Down, or were merely winter-migrants from the opposite coast of Great Britain. Nothing more was known of the distribution of these two species of Coal-Titmice in Ireland, as very few Irish birds were at present available for comparison.

Vol. xxvii. | 38

Mr. Oeitvin-Grant also exhibited a very interesting series of Harlequin Ducks (Cosmonetta histrionica, Linn.), showing the ‘eclipse’ plumage of the male, which appeared to have been hitherto unknown. He said that for many years past he had been endeavouring to obtain examples of this species showing the autumn change, but had only recently succeeded in procuring them from Iceland. The series included :—

1. Adult male still in full plumage. 9. vi. 10.

2. . going out of full plumage, in a more advanced stage than either nos. 3 or 4. 5, vil. 10.

8. Adult male beginning to go out of full plumage. 18. vii. 09.

4, 3 going out of full plumage, in a more advanced stage than no. 3. 19. vii. 10.

5. Adult male in full eclipse plumage. 11. viii. 10.

6. "9 os + 28. viii. 10.

7 ‘ Fe . a , but showing a few new feathers of the black-and-white collar, and crescentic patches on the sides of the breast. 31. viii. 10.

8. Adult male in full plumage. 12. x. 09.

He pointed out that the adult male in ‘ eclipse’ plumage might be distinguished at a glance from the immature male by the colour of the breast and belly. In the adult these parts were uniform dark slaty-grey, while in the young bird they were whitish, spotted with brown. The adult bird in August had the head and neck sooty black, all the ornamental markings having disappeared, except the white ear-spot and ° the white patches which lie between the base of the bill and the eyes; on these patches, however, all the feathers were fringed with sooty-black. The black-and-white collar round the neck and the black-and-white crescentic patches on the sides of the breast, as well as the chestnut sides and flanks, were absent, and the long scapulars were uniform sooty-brown. At this time all the flight-feathers had been shied and replaced by new quills about three-quarters of aninch in length, The tail-feathers were also being replaced ; in nos. 5 and 6 some of the old feathers were still present, but in no. 7 (killed on the 2lst of August) all had dropped out. Most of the upper breast-feathers had been shed and partly renewed,

39 [ Vol. xxvii.

but the rest of the underparts were rather thinly clad with loose and worn feathers, which dropped out when the specimen was handled.

The Rev. F. C. R. Jourparn exhibited two specimens of Long-tailed Titmice (#yithalus caudatus, Linn.), one from Italy and the other from Corsica, and made the following remarks :—‘‘ While working at Corsican birds my attention was drawn to some remarks by Dr. Schiebel on the differ- ences between the Long-tailed Titmice of Corsica and Italy. On comparing the series in the British Museum from Spain, Italy, and Corsica, it was at once evident that they could not be ascribed to the same race, as has been done hitherto. Irby’s Titmouse, 4. caudatus irlii, Sharpe & Dresser, was originally described from the Gibraltar district. The Italian bird is distinguishable at once by the pale vinous shoulder- feathers, which, though less noticeable than in the British form, are still well marked. From the British race the Ttalian bird differs also in having a lighter and more slate- coloured (instead of blackish) back, while the white median stripe on the head is also, asa rule, much narrower. In the Spanish form the vinous shoulder-feathers are entirely, or almost entirely, absent. The Corsican bird at first sight appears to resemble the Spanish form more closely than the Italian. The vinous shoulder-feathers are almost absent; the back is dark slate-colour; the white edges to the second- aries are very narrow, as is also the median stripe on the head. The material available is, however, at present insufficient to warrant the separation of the Corsican race, although it will probably prove to be an insular form, not unlike LE. caudatus irbii*. The Italian race I propose to name

/EGITHALUS CAUDATUS ITALIA, subsp. n. Type in the Tring Museum. ¢. No. 1190. Cremona, Italy, ix. 07.

* Since this was written, Dr. C. Parrot [cf. Orn. Jahrb. xxi. p. 155 (1910) ] has separated the Corsican Long-tailed Titmouse under the name of Af. ¢. tyrrhenicus, but only after comparison with Talian birds, which are not 4. ¢. trbit.

Vol. xxvii. | 40

Dr. Ernst Harrerr said that he fully agreed with Mr. Jourdain’s statements, and that the information re- specting the Corsican form was at present insufficient to warrant its separation.

Mr. E. Bipwe tt exhibited a photograph of fragments of an ege of the Great Ank (Plautus impennis, L.), which, after being for many years in the Museum at Dinan, had recently been broken in pieces.

Mr. P. F. Bonyarp exhibited :—

1. A clutch of eggs of the Great Titmouse (Parus major, Li.) with an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus, L.), taken at Hollington, Sussex, on the 17th of May, 1906, and believed to be the only known record of the Cuckoo using the nest of that species.

2. A clutch of eggs of the Meadow-Pipit (Anthus pratensis, L.) with a Cuckco’s egg, the eggs of the foster- parent having peculiar angular marks.

3. A clutch of eggs and down of the Common Eider-Duck (Somateria mollissima, L.) from a semi-albino female, taken in Fife on the 11th of May, 1902. Both eggs and down were abnormally pale.

Mr. G. M. Martuews described a new subspecies of Shear- water as follows :—

PuFFINUS CHLORORHYNCHUS IREDALI, subsp. n.

Differs from typical P. chlororhynchus in its generally larger size and darker colour, and in having a stronger lead- coloured bill.

The bill of P. chlororhynchus is flesh-colour with dark tips.

The wing-measurements of the Kermadec bird are 315- 317 mm., and of the Australian form 277-285 mm.

Hab. Sunday Island, Kermadecs.

Type No. 253, Coll. G. M. Mathews.

4} [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. Matuews also remarked that he had examined the type of Hopsaliria hilli, Campbell, and found it to be a typical female example of Pachycephala melanura.

Dr. F. G. Penrose stated that the Migration Committee would require about £25, in addition to the balance in hand, in order to pay the expenses of the last Report, and he appealed to individual Members for help. He mentioned that the last Report had included the full account of the autumn movements, which had been difficult to give in a more condensed form; but in future he hoped that it would be possible to produce a less bulky volume.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 1ith of January, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Ifembers of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice befurehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. |

(Signed) P.L.Sctatser, W.R.Ocitvis-Grant, H.F. Witurrsy, Chairman. Liditer. Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Eels ORNITHOLOGISTS: CLUS.

No. CLXVI.

Tax hundred and sixty-fourth Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 11th of January, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present:—W. 1. Braumont, E. Browe tt, C. D. Borrer, P. F. Bunyarp, C. J. Carrout, C. Cuuss, Colonel S. R. Crarkes, E. V. Earte, Rev. J. R. Harz, E. Hartert, Ph.D., Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain, G. M. Maruews, H. Men, W. R. Oeitvin-Granrt (ditor), C. OtpHam, C. E. Prar- son, A. H. Pricz, Major F. W. Proctor, R. H. Reap, C. B. Ricxnrt, Hon. Watter Rotuscuitp, Ph.D., A. D. SapswortH, W. L. Scuater, F. C. SzrLous, D. Sers-Smira, J. H. Stennovusze, M.B., R.N., N. F. Ticznurst, F.R.C.S., S. J. Warts, H. F. Wiruersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—T. P. Aupworrn, J. C. Harrert, R. O. Martuews, Rev. C. E. Rozerts.

The Hon. Wattzr Roruscuitp and Dr. E. exhibited and described examples of an Atlanti which they proposed to call

TARONIan insti, "i uty

BPeirel, FEB 4]

i i

_ PuFFINUS OBSCURUS ATLANTICUS, subsp. n., Noy. and made the following remarks :— ‘onal Musev™ “Tn 1899 (cf. Nov. Zool. vi. p. 194) we reviewed the

[January 23rd, 1911.) VOL. XXVIE.

Vol. xxvii. | AA,

various forms of Puffinus obscurus, and adopted, with reserve, the name of P. o. baillont, Bonap., for the birds from the North Atlantic (Madeira group, Canary Islands, Azores, and Cape Verde Islands). The same provisional name has, for want of specimens from the Seychelles and neighbouring islands, been adopted by Mr. Godman in his ‘ Monograph of the Petrels.’ We have now, in the Tring Museum, six fine adult examples of both sexes, as well as birds in moult and young from the Seychelles and Réunion, and it is evident that the bird from the North Atlantic differs from these as follows :—

“The lores, which are dark in P. o. bailloni, are white, except on the uppermost part, in P. o. atlanticus ; the dark patch on each side of the chest is larger and of a darker brown in P. o. bailloni, while in P. o. atlanticus it is greyer in colour. Size similar.” Wing-measurement of P. 0. atlan- ticus 180-190 mm.

“Type in the Tring Museum: 6 ad. Porto Santo, near Madeira, 16.11.95. Padre Ernesto Schmitz coll.

‘“P. o. bailloni was described from the ‘Isle de France,’ 7. e, Mauritius. here is only one form met with in the North- east Atlantic, but on the American side P. 0. audubont occurs. The amount of white on the edging to the inner webs of the quills varies, being sometimes absent, sometimes more or less developed. We have shown (Nov. Zool. ¢.c. p. 196) that these birds from Madeira, &c. are not the same as P. o. assimilis from the Australian and New Zealand seas.”

Mr. Roruscuiup and Dr. Harrert also exhibited a new form of Spider-hunter, which they proposed to name

MULILESTES NOVA-GUINEH FLAVIVENTRIS, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from M. n. nove-guinee (Less.) in having the underside, especially the abdomen, lighter and more yellow, and the upperside also of a rather more yellowish-green. The average size is also rather smaller : the wing-measurement in males varies from 66-69 mm., as compared with 69-72°8 in M. n. nove-guinee.

Hab, Aru Islands (Kobrur, Trangan, Wokan).

AS [eV Ole xexcwait

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. No. 2380. Tungei Bark, Kobrur, Aru Islands, 27. viii.00. Heinrich Kiihn coll.

The Hon. Watrer Roruscuitp exhibited and described examples of two new Parrots from Dutch New Guinea as follows :—

CHARMOSYNOPSIS MULTISTRIATA, Sp. Nn.

Adult male. Fore-part of the crown green, forehead and a short line above the eyes yellowish, hinder part of the crown aud nape brown, hind-neck with orange-yellow stripes; rest of the upperparts green. ‘Tail green, tips of the rectrices dull yellow, the middle pair greenish-brown. Quills dull black, outer webs of the secondaries and wing-coverts green, those of the primaries edged with green. Sides of the head and throat yellowish-green. Sides of the neck and underparts with sharply defined, bright greenish-yellow stripes. Middle of the vent and under tail-coverts red ; longer and lateral under tail-coverts green, red at the base. Under surface of the tail dull olive-yellow. ‘‘Iris dull red; upper mandible slaty- blue, tip orange, lower mandible yellowish-red, base bluish- slate-colour ; feet slate-blue.”” Waing 100 (the first three primaries abruptly attenuated at the tip); tail: middle rectrices 104, lateral pair 42; culmen from the end of the cere in a Straight line 16°5 mm.

Hab. Upper “ Letekwa” or Oetakwa River.

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. No. 4252. Octakwa River, 2. vii.10. A.S. Meek coll.

Obs. I do not recognize Salvadori’s genus Hypocharmosyna, as it is founded on colour-differences only.

NAsITERNA PYGM#A VIRIDIPECTUS, subsp. n.

Two specimens of a small Nasiterna, marked as male and female, but perhaps both females, are evidently closely allied to N. p. pygmea, but differ in having the underside grass- green, not yellowish-green, the cheeks of a darker brown, and the sides of the head and neck dark green, instead of brownish-yellow. Wing about 92 mm.

Hab. Upper “ Letekwa” or Oetakwa River.

Vol. xxvii. | 46

Type in the Tring Museum. No. 4460. Octakwa River, Lavin. LO: ALS evleelkacoll:

Mr. Roruscuitp also made the following remarks :—

‘In the last number of the ‘ Bulletin ’ there appeared, on page 36, an editorial note which refers to my collector, Mr. A. S. Meek, and which might be misinterpreted. Mr. Meek did not accompany the main Dutch Expedition exploring towards Carstensz Peak, but joined the military escort which formed the base camp on the Oetakwa River. Mr. Meek has been collecting in the mountain-ranges nearer the coast up to an elevation of from 6000 to 7000 feet, and proposed to return to Sydney at the end of last December. There he intended to refit his schooner before starting for the Arfak Peninsula.”’

Dr. Ernst Harrert exhibited and described examples of two new subspecies of birds which he proposed to name :-—

AMMOMANES DESERTI WAITAKERI, subsp. n.

Nearest to dA. d. phenicurvides (Blyth), but with the breast and abdomen, as well as the jugulum, more or less distinctly marked with dark brownish-grey stripes, which, however, are not so dark as in A. d. assabensis, Salvad. The bill is larger and yellower ; the colour of the upperside less sandy and less grey, darker and of a more rufous-brown- grey than in 4. d. phenicuroides; also the upper tail-coverts are more rufescent. It differs from A. d. saturatus, Grant, in the lighter and less grey colour of the upperside, and in having a larger and yellower bill. ‘‘ Bill and legs yellow- ochre.” Culmen 18-20°5; wing (approximately, all speci- mens being in worn summer-plumage), ¢ 104-106°5, 9 97- 100 mm.

Hab. Djebel Soda in Tripoli.

This new form of Desert-Lark is named in honour of Mr. Joseph I. 8. Whitaker.

Type in the Tring Muscum: ¢. No. 189. Koshby, 16. vi. O1.

47 [Vol. xxvil.

MuvnIA CANICEPS KUMUSII, subsp. n.

Similar to M. c. caniceps, Salvad., but with the wings, back, and rump much paler, not deep chocolate-brown; and - the middle of the breast and abdomen pale slaty-brown, instead of black. Size similar, but the wing is a little shorter and measures 48-50 mm.

Hab. Kumusi River, north coast of British New Guinea.

Type in the Tring Museum: ¢. No. 3372. Kumusi River, Drv O74 A. S. Meek coll.

Obs. Ten examples have been examined.

On behalf of Mr. T. Irepatz, Dr. Harterr communicated the following notes entitled “ A new Generic Name for the Australian Crane.”

Mr. Iredale writes :—“ Reichenbach [ef. Nat. Syst. Vogel, p- xxili (1852)]| proposed Antigone for the species A. tor- guata, which is now known by the specific name of A. collaris, Boddaert. Congeneric with this species is classed the bird described by Gould in 1847 as Grus australasianus, but which Mr. Mathews has recently shown had been named Ardea rubicunda by Perry, nearly forty years previously [ef. Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 499 (1910)].

“Asa generic name Antigone seemed unsatisfactory, for Hiibner had introduced Antigonus in 1816, Schumacher Antigona in 1817, and Lowe Antigonia in 1844. None of these, however, absolutely invalidated Antigone, but we were relieved from this annoying state of affairs by the action of Gray, who, in 1847, utilized Antigone for a molluse.

“As I can trace no alternative name for this genus of Cranes, I herewith propose

Marnewsia, nom. n.

and designate as the type M. rubicunda (Perry) (= Ardea rubicunda, Perry).

“The genus is named in honour of Mr. G. M. Mathews, the author of the ‘ Birds of Australia,’ which is now being issued.”

Vol. xxvii. | 48

Mr. G. M. Marnews exhibited and described an example of anew subspecies of Grass-Wren, which he proposed to name

AMYTORNIS STRIATUS OWENT, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from A. s. striatus (Gould) in having the upper surface bright chestuut instead of rusty brown, and the white shaft-streaks almost devoid of black edgings, which form such a marked character in A. s. striatus.

Hab. West Australia: Bore Well, East Murchison.

Type No. 3933, G. M. Mathews coll.

Obs. The type of A. s. striatus was obtained on the Liverpool Plains, New South Wales.

The Rev. J. R. Hare exhibited a very remarkable variety of the British Robin (Hrithacus melophilus, Hartert), which had been shot at Dunvegan, Isle of Skye, on the 7th of November, 1910, by Mr. T. P. Aldworth. The specimen might be described as follows :—

Crown, nape, and rump dark grey, shading into olive-grey on the back, wings, and tail ; forehead and lores pure white ; throat and chest white, bordered with bright rust-red ; sides and flanks grey ; rest of the underparts white.

This fine variety had been presented to the Natural History Museum by Mr. Aldworth, and when mounted would be placed on exhibition in the Gallery.

Mr. H. Munr exhibited a nest and a clutch of five eggs of the Emperor Goose (Philacte canagica, Seyast.) taken at Goodnews Bay, Alaska, on the 20th of June, 1910. The nest was composed of dry grass mixed with down, and was found near the Aralik River. It is very improbable that any more nests or eggs of this fine Goose will be obtained, as they are now being very strictly preserved. An order has been issued

by the Minister of Agriculture to forbid the taking of their

eggs.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited eggs of several species of birds and read the following notes :— 1. A remarkable egg of the Guillemot (Uria troile, L.),

a. ee a

49 [ Vol. xxvil.

with the ground-colour vivid lemon-yellow, the blue pigment ordinarily present in eggs of the normal green colour being absent. This seemed to suggest that the layers of pigment forming the ground-colours on eggs were deposited separately. In support of this theory he had brought two green eggs of the same species in which the yellow pigment showed distinctly through the green on some portions of the shell. The egg with the yellow ground-colour was apparently pre- maturely laid, or possibly the bird was deficient in blue pigment. The specimen, which had been found on the Welsh coast, was the property of Mr. T. P. Aldworth, who had kindly lent it for exhibition.

2. Bullfinch (Pyrrhula europea, Vieill.).—Two clutches of white eggs laid by the same bird and taken in Surrey. Two eggs out of each clutch of four had surface-markings of pale red, while the others were devoid of markings. The first clutch was found on the 4th of June, the second on the 25th of June, 1910.

3. Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla (L.)).—Two clutches of eggs of the red variety from Surrey, laid by the same bird. The first clutch was taken on the 4th of June, and in seven days the birds had built another nest and deposited one egg ; on the 12th the clutch had been completed.

4. Linnet (Linota cannabina (L.)).—A clutch of five eggs taken in Surrey on the 4th of June, with large suffused markings of pale brown, seldom seen on eggs of this species.

Referring to Mr. Bunyard’s exhibit of a clutch of eggs of the Great Titmouse containing an egg of the Cuckoo, and reported on in the last number of the ‘ Bulletin’ (p. 40), Mr. J. B. Dossiz writes :—

‘“Mr. Bunyard has expressed his belief that his record of the Cuckoo using the nest of the Great Titmouse was the only known instauce. This is not the case, as reference to the following works will show: ‘ Altes und neues aus dem Haushalte des Kuckucks’ and ‘ Die Hier der Vogel Mittel-

Vol. xxvii.] ~ 50

europas,’ both by the late Dr. Rey, of Leipzig, and the former work having been published as long ago as 1892” *.

Mr. C. J. Carrotr exhibited some remarkable varieties of various species of birds :—

(1) A very dark example of the melanistic variety known as Sabine’s Snipe (Gallinago gallinago, L.). Limerick, 26. x. 10.

(2) A variety of the Snipe intermediate between Sabine’s Snipe and the normal form. Galway, 26.x. 08.

(3) A cream-coloured Snipe. Galway, 16. xi. 08.

(4) A pied example of the Jackdaw (Corvus monedula, Linn.). Clare, 3.1. 10.

(5) A very pale, almost cream-coloured, example of the Mistle-Thrush (Turdus viscivorus, L.). Wicklow, ioe xa OO!

(6) A variety of the Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris, L.). Kerry, 24. x. 08.

(7) A semi-albino example of the Pied Wagtail (Motacilla lugubris, Temm.). Leitrim, 5.x. 10.

Mr. C. E. Hetemayr pointed out that a mistake bad been made in his description cf Calospiza hubert published in the last number of the ‘ Bulletin? On page 35, line 14, it should read ‘ while the latter (C. flava) may be distinguished by having, &c.,”’ instead of ‘‘ and from the latter in having,

&e PP)

Mr. W. R. Oeritvie-Grant stated that he found that the name Carpodacus incertus, which he had given to the Rose- Finch from Formosa, would have to be changed, as it had already been used by Risso for the bird commonly known as

* [We find Parus major mentioned in the “ List of Western Palie- arctic species in the nest of which the Cuckvo’s egg has been found.” (Cf. Bull. B. O.C. v. p. xxxili, 1896). —Ep. ]

51 [ Vol. xxvii.

Carpodacus erythrinus (Pall.). He therefore proposed to call the Formosan Rose-Finch

Carpopacus FORMOSANUS, hom. n.

Mr. Grant said that through the courtesy of Mr. C. W. Richmond, of the United States National Museum, his attention had been called to this oversight.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 8th of February, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. |

(Signed ) P.L.Scrater, W.R.Ocinvizr-Grant, H.F. Witnersy, Chairman. Editer. Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Palbish ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

No. CLXVII.

Tue hundred and sixty-fifth Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 8th of February, 1911.

Chairman: H. M. Urcuer.

Members present:—W. I. Braumont, E. Bipwet., S. Boorman, C. Borrer, P. F. Bunyarp, C. J. Carrott, C. Cuuss, E. V. Earte, J. M. Goopatt, Rev. J. R. Hate, Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain, G. M. Maruews, J. G. Mittats, Hon. E. S. Monraev, M.P., H. Mtnz, T. H. Newman, W. R. Ocitvie-Granr (Editor), C. Otpuam, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., W. P. Pycrart, R. H. Reav, C. B. Rickert, J. Sarcent, D. Sern-Suitu, EH. F. Stanrorp, J. H. Strenuouss, M.B., R.N., N. F. Ticeunurst, F.R.C.S., J. Witxinson, H. F. Wiruersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—T. P. ALpwortH, W. W. Grant, C. 8. Mearss, D. H. Mearzs, Lord Witi1am Percy, J. Beppatt Siri, P. B. Smytu.

The Chairman announced that the next Meeting of the Club would be devoted to a show of Lantern-slides. It would be held on March 15th, as it had been found more convenient on this occasion to hold the Meeting on the third Wednesday in March.

[March 3rd, 1911.) VOL.

Y A. sonian, ingtiz,

Lp, Bo. iy)

| oh

RIS 19)

vy. si . “onal Musew™,

Vol. xxvii. | 54.

Mr. J. G. Mituais exhibited an adult male Black Grouse (Lyrurus tetriz, Linn.) which had partially assumed the plumage of the female. It had been shot by Mr. F. Stobart at Glen Trool, Wigtonshire, on the 20th of September, 1910, and was now the property of Lord William Percy, by whom it had been kindly lent for exhibition. Mr. Millais believed this to be the first record of a British-killed example of this rare abnormality. The only other examples of a similar kind had been procured in Russia, and specimens might be seen both in the British Museum and in the collection of Mr. Walter Rothschild. The sex of the bird exhibited had been carefully ascertained by Mr. George Duncan, of New- castle, who reported that the testes appeared to be perfectly healthy and similar to those of a normal male.

Mr. Mituats also exhibited a specimen of an adult male hybrid Pheasant (Phasiunus colchicus x P. torquatus) partially assuming the plumage of the female. ‘The bird had been shot by himself at Alnwick Castle, Northumber- land, on the 23rd of November, 1910. He had previously recorded two examples of this rare variety—one obtained in Dublin in 1890 and at present in the Eton College Museum, and the other in the collection of Mr. Walter Rothschild. He would not have noticed the peculiarities in the plumage of this bird had it not fallen at his feet. This variety might not be so rare as the records of its occurrence led one to suppose. The sex of the specimen exhibited had been eare- fully ascertained by Messrs. Hoad and Taylor, who found it to be a normal male.

Mr. Oeitvis-Grant remarked that Dr. H. Hammond- Smith had obtained three male Pheasants assuming female plumage, which were even more remarkable than the one shown by Mr. Millais. It was Dr. Hammond-Smith’s intention to describe and exhibit these birds at some forth- coming meeting of the Zoological Society *.

* {A full description of the hybrids in question will be found in the ‘Field’ of the 25th February, 1911.—-Ep. |

55 [ Vol. xxvit.

Mr. W. P. Pycrarr cited the case of a male Pheasant in female plumage, which at the succeeding moult resumed the normal plumage. He also suggested that it would be interesting to re-examine some of these hen-feathered males to ascertain to what extent the pattern of the plumage had been changed. It might be that the plumage of these abnormal birds approached that of the female rather on account of the lack of pigmentation than because of a change of pattern in the feathers.

Mr. Mittats also made the following remarks on the partial summer-plumage of the male of the Red Grouse, in answer to Mr. Ogilvie-Grant’s paper which had been read ony June the lath, 1910) [ef. Bull. B.O.C. xxv. p. 122 (1910) ] :—

““Tt is somewhat difficult to submit to the Members of the Club a question in which three ornithologists only have specialized—viz., Dr. E. A. Wilson, Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, and myself,— because we cannot lay before them the whole of our material. Mr. Grant in denying that any spring-moult takes place states that there is no moult till the end of April, and that the bird makes ‘practically no change till the end of May or beginning of June.” Now I place before the Members new feathers (blood-quills) taken from birds killed as early as the 24th of March and onwards throughout April. I maintain that these are the ornamental and partial breeding-plumage of the cock Grouse. Mr. Grant, after stating in his book on Game-Birds and elsewhere that birds breed in their winter-plumage, now alters his views and admits that he finds one or two new feathers of the ‘ autumn- plumage’ making their appearance towards the end of April. If the Members of the Club will examine the specimens placed before them they will see a great many more than one or two feathers, for in some cases the whole of the head and nape are in a state of moult. Mr. Grant also states that I have mistaken old autumn feathers for new ones. That is impossible, because I have called no feathers new except those which I myself have plucked with the quills.

Vol. xxvii. ] 56

full of blood. One of the chief points that now arises in this discussion is, What is a spring- or breeding-dress ? Surely it is the plumage a bird assumes in the spring and moults in the autumn. A Knot or Golden Plover assumes a partial ornamental dress in April, which is shed in August, so also does the male Grouse, but to a less extent, and this is supplemented in June by the true autumn- dress, which the bird casts in August and September. Are we, therefore, to call in future every new spring-plumage an ‘autumn-dress’? I object very strongly to Mr. Grant’s remark that it is ‘conclusively proved’ that the male Grouse breeds only in its winter-summer plumage, because I con- sider his views are quite opposed to my observations. The only way to note the correct progress of any plumage change is by means of freshly killed birds when young and old feathers can be distinctly seen. I had a large number of males shot for that purpose—two a week between February and June,—and maintain that my views on this question published in my book and in the ‘ Field’ are correct in every particular.”

Mr. Oerivie-Grant said that he had listened to all Mr. Millais had to say and regretted that he could not agree with his conclusions. He had not altered his views in any way, and the fact remained that the male Red Grouse did undoubtedly breed in its winter-plumage. The bird which Mr. Millais had found moulting on the head and neck on the 24th of March had no doubt been suffering from disease and was still completing its deferred winter-moult. This was clearly shown by the feathers exhibited, which were chestnut and black, and obviously formed part of the winter- plumage. The autumn-plumage feathers exhibited, and taken from birds killed on the Ist and 6th of April, appeared no doubt to indicate the commencement of the autumn- plumage. As he had already pointed out, such individuals were quite exceptional. It seemed probable that the males when fighting with one another should sometimes lose a few feathers on the head and neck, and that these, when renewed, should resemble the coming autumn-plumage. In company

57 [ Vol. xxvii.

with Mr. Pycraft he had recently spent some weeks in making a minute examination of the hundreds of Grouse- skins procured by the Committee of the Grouse Disease Inquiry, and also of the large series of skins in the Natural History Museum. In none of these birds could any trace be found of the partial spring-plumage described by Mr. Millais. Mr. Grant said that in getting together the Museum series of Red Grouse he had received about twelve male and twelve female birds killed in each month from January to May, and that the males, though subjected to a minute examination in the flesh, showed no trace of moult until the autumn-plumage began to make its appearance towards the end of May or beginning of June.

Mr. Pycrarr remarked that in company with Mr. Ogilvie- Grant he had made a careful study of a very large number of skins of the Red Grouse, and entirely agreed with his conclusions.

Mr. W. R. Ocitviz-Grant exhibited an example of a new species of Flycatcher which he described as follows :—

TARSIGER ELGONENSIS, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Similar to T. orientalis, Fischer & Reich., but with the outer tail-feathers black except at the extreme base, which is yellow. In TY. orientalis the yellow colour extends over the basal three-quarters of all the tail-feathers except the middle pair. Iris dark brown; bill black; feet dull green.

Wing 3°3 inches.

Hab. Mount Elgon, 7000-9000 ft., B. E. Africa.

Obs. The species was first procured by Mr. F. J. Jackson, but was not distinguished from the allied 7. orientalis. Subsequently it was obtained by Mr. Robin Kemp, the naturalist on the Rudd Expedition to B. EH. Africa.

Mr. J. H. Gurney exhibited two Seventeenth Century prints of the Bass Rock from Sleezer’s ‘ Theatrum Scotiz,’ and remarked on the diminution in the number of Gannets which in the time of Sleezer and John Ray bred on the

Vol. xxvii. ] 58

upper slopes of the Bass. At the present day the Gannets were almost entirely confined to the cliffs, where alone they found security from interruption.

Mr. W. P. Pycrart gave a short account of his investiga- tions relating to the down-plumage of the Barn-Owl (Strix flammea, Linn.) ; pointing out that in that species, as, apparently, in all the Owls, two distinct generations of down- feathers were developed. The protoptyle, or first generation, in the Barn-Owl had so far never been described and was not easy to detect. The second, or mesoptyle generation, consisted of larger, longer, but very degenerate feathers, contrasting strongly with the mesoptyle feather of the Tawny Qwl (Syrnium aluco, Linn.). He also pointed out that the term “ mesoptyle’”’ did not indicate a feather intermediate in structure between the typical down-feather and the typical contour-feather, but the down-feathers of the second generation, which were of a much more degenerate character in some birds than in others.

Mr. Pycrarr then exhibited a drawing of the head of Gould’s Harrier (Circus assimilis, Jard. & Selby), showing the aperture of the ear, which he compared with that of the Owls, to which it bore some resemblance.

The Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain exhibited a clutch of three eggs of the large Hastern form of Bewick’s Swan, Cygnus bewickt jankowskii, Alphéraky, from Okhotsk. They were distinctly larger than those of the Western race, four eggs averaging 110°2x70°9 mm., and they appeared to furnish an instance in which the eggs of a subspecific form were distinguishable.

A very interesting exhibition of nests and eggs of Cross- bills was then held. The greater part of the exhibits consisted of eggs of the Continental Crossbill, Lowxia curvi- rustra curvirostra, Linn., which had been laid during the season 1910 in different parts of England and Ireland; but, for purposes of comparison, a number of Continental-taken

59 [ Vol. xxvii.

clutches were also shown, as well as those of the resident Scotch race, L. c. scotica, Hartert, and of the Parrot Cross- bill, L. pityopsittacus, Borkh. A number of nests both of the Continental and Scotch races were also shown ; these exhibited remarkable divergences in construction and materials. Contributions had been received from Messrs. T. P. Aldworth, C. Borrer, P. F. Bunyard, C. J. Carroll, J. M. Goodall, C. 8S. Meares, W. E. Renaut, Beddall Smith, P. B. Smyth, the Rev. J. Hale, and the Rev. F. C. R. Jourdain. In introducing this remarkable exhibition Mr. Jourpain remarked that the material available for the study of these eggs had hitherto been very scanty, and Mr. Witherby’s researches had shown that there was no authentic record of nesting in the same locality in England for two consecutive years, although there was a probability that this had occasionally taken place. In Ireland, although not in- digenous, the species tended to become resident, but the eggs exhibited that evening were the first Irish taken eggs he had seen. On the whole, it was evident that the range of variation in the eggs of the Common Crossbill was very wide, many eggs exceeding the average of those of L. pityopsittacus in size, while others were much inferior; in colour and markings there was also much variation.

Mr. Ogitvie-Grant remarked that among the nesting- series of British Birds in the Natural History Museum there was a group of Crossbills, with their nest and eggs, taken by Mr. R. J. Ussher in Co. Waterford.

Mr. C. J. Carrot exhibited the following series of clutches of eggs of the Continental Crossbill (Lowia curvi- rostra, Linn.) taken in Ireland :—

Clutch of four eggs, Co. Tipperary, 29th March, 1910 (C. J. C.). % 2 Co. Dublin, 28th April, 1907 (&. Hamilton Hunter). » four eggs, Co. Wicklow, 26th April, 1908 (R. H. H.). » three eggs, Co. Wicklow, 10th May, 1907 (Rk. H. H.). » four eggs, Co. Wicklow, 9th June, 1909 (&. H. H.) 7 » south Cavan, srd May, 1908 (D. Carmichael),

Vol. xxvii. | 60

Mr. Carroll remarked that these sets were probably all laid by Crossbills resident in Ireland, as they had been taken annually since 1907.

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited the following clutches :—

Continental Crossbill (Z. curvirostra, Linn.). *Clutch of three eggs, Surrey, 25th March, 1910. os oes four eggs, Surrey, 5th April, 1910. > three eges, Surrey, Ist April, 1910 (lent by T. Skilton). Eee four eggs, Suffolk, 3rd April, 1910.

RE 92 » Kent, 17th April, 1910 (lent by C. F’. Stedman),

» three egos, Kent, 20th April, 1910 (lent by H. H. Andrews). Feats five eggs, Kent, 25th May, 1910 (lent by H. R. Tutt).

Scottish race (L. c. scotica, Hartert). Clutch of four eggs, Ross-shire, 8th April, 1900.

Parrot Crossbill (L. pityopsittacus, Borkh.).

Clutch of four eggs, Wermland, 10th March, 1908. Ae es 5 29th March, 1903. on op Lapland, 4th February, 1905. on five eges, » 20th February, 1905.

Clutches of eggs of the Crossbill were also shown by the following gentlemen :— W. E. Renavr. Clutch of four eges (Lovia curvirostra), Berkshire, 7th April, 1910. a three ,, a as 16th April, 1910. J. Beppatu Smita.

Clutch of four eggs (Z. ¢. scotica), Scotland, 27th April, 1909. (ZL. curvirostra), Norfolk, 2nd April, 1910. 16th April, 1910.

” ”?

”) ” ”? )

C. Stantey Meares. Clutch of four eggs (LZ, curvirostra), Norfolk, 4th April, 1910. 24th April, 1910. oA os 53 ar 25th April, 1910. Two eges (part of clutch of four: Z. curvirostra), Norfolk, 24th April, 1910.

” ” ” ”

* Recorded in ‘ British Birds.’

eh

61 [ Vol. xxvii.

Percy B. Suyru. Clutch of four eggs (L. ewrvirostra), Norfolk, 38rd April, 1910.

” three ,, ” ” ” ”

J. M. Goopatt. Clutch of four eggs (L. e. scotica), Ross-shire, 19th April, 1901. Four clutches of eggs of LZ. curvirostra from Scandinavia. Five clutches of eggs of Z. pityopsittacus from Scandinavia.

T. P. Atpworra. Clutches of eggs of L. curvirostra from Kent, 1910.

Rev. James R. Hate. Four clutches of eggs of L. curvirostra from Kent, 1910,

Rev. F. C. R. Jourpatrn. Four clutches of eggs of Z. curvirostra from Styria, taken in 1910; one clutch of egg of LZ. e. scotica from Ross-shire.

CuirrorD Borrer. Clutches of Z. ¢. scotica from Ross-shire.

The Rev. James R. Hate drew attention to the extreme variation in the size, material, and situation of the nests of the Crossbill. Sometimes the nest was small and compact, at others a large untidy structure. Those exhibited were all situated near public roads, and the material used for their lining was in one instance entirely composed of feathers and straw taken from the yard of a public-house. He remarked that he had seen at least two pairs in the same locality during the week beginning the 6th of February, 1911, and one pair showed signs of early nesting in the same place as last year. As it seemed doubtful whether the Crossbill now resident in Ireland was L. c¢. curvirostra or L. ec. scotica, he hoped that Irish naturalists would turn their attention to the maiter.

Mr. H. M. Urcuer remarked that Crossbills used to breed regularly in a small clump cf fir-trees near Brandon Station, Norfolk.

Vol. xxvii.] 62

Mr. G. M. Marnews exhibited and described examples of a new species of Owl as follows :—

NINOX KUMERALIS QUEENSLANDICA, subsp. n. .

Differs from typical N. humeralis (Hombr. & Jacq.), from New Guinea, in having the light-coloured bars on the under surface white, and the brown ones with a very slight tinge of buff. All the bars on the under surface are wider than in N. humeralis.

Hab. The Hollows, Mackay, North Queensland.

Type No. 6119, coll. G. M. Mathews.

Obs. Immature birds shot in Queensland are hardly to be distmguished from immature examples of N. humeralis shot in New Guinea, but in the fully adult plumage they are very distinct.

Mr. Maruews also exhibited and described examples of a new subspecies of “ Squeaker ”” :—

APHELOCEPHALA LEUCOPSIS PALLIDA, subsp. n.

Differs from typical A. leucopsis (Gould) in being much paler in colour, both above and below.

Obs. This desert form was collected by Mr. Edwin Ashby at Leigh’s Creek, in South Australia, on the 21st of August, 1910.

Type No. 6195, coll. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. Rosert H. Reap exhibited an example of a pale variety of the Robin (Hrithacus rubecula) in which all trace of rufous colouring was absent. The throat, breast, and entire underparts were of a pale ashy grey, whilst the whole of the upperparts were of a greyish-brown tinge. It was found dead in Somersetshire in the winter of 1889.

Mr. Reap also exhibited some unusually coloured eggs of the Chaffinch (Fringilla celebs, Linn.). In one set the large ends were entirely covered with rich purple-brown

; j : . 4

63 [ Vol. xxvii.

markings ; a second set was of a uniform deep blue colour, whilst a third was a uniform pale blue. Other specimens abnormal in colouring, size, or shape were also shown.

The next Meeting of the Club, which will be held on Wednesday, the 15th of March, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., will be devoted to a show of lantern-slides. The Dinner at 7 p.m, Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members are reminded that those anxtous to exhibit slides are requested to inform the Editor of their intention to do so with. ut delay, and to furnish him with a list of subjects. |

(Signed) H.M. Urcuer, W.R. Ocitvie-Grant, H.F. WitHersy, Chairman, Editor. Sec. & Treas.

oe

BULLETIN /awsorian Institue \ fs . \ APR 15 ill

1 F ay ae National Muse

Polish) ORwitHOLOGISTS’ CLUB:

OF THE

No. CLXVIII.

Tue hundred and sixty-sixth Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 15th of March, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sce., F.R.S.

Members present:—J.C. Baker, M.D., W. I. Beaumont, W. Bickerton, E. Broweti, J. L. Bonuots, S. Boorman, C. D. Borrer, C. M. Bucxtey, P. F. Bunyarp, C. Cuuss, K. J. A. Davis, F. D. Drewirt, M.D., E. V. Earte, H. J. Exvwes, Guy L. Ewen, J. Gerrarp, HE. Gisson, H. Gooncuitp, Water Gooprettow, F. H. C. Govutp, Lord Lucas, G. A. Macmitntan, W. E. F. Macmiuuan, G. M. Matnews, Hon. E. S. Montacu, M.P., P. W. Munn, H. Ment, Heatiey Noste, W.R. Ocitviz-Grant (ditor), C. OtpHam, C. BE. Pearson, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., A. E. Price, Major F. W. Proctor, R. H. Reap, W. E. Renavr, H. W. Ricumonp, C. B. Rickert, C. Russett, A. D. Saps- wortH, J. Sarcent, G. Scuwann, D. Seru-Smitu, E. F. Sranrorp, J. H. Srennouss, M.B., R.N., Major H. Trrry, N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S8., A. B. Trevor-Batryz, R. J. Ussuer, Lieut. R. E. Vauenan, R.N., H. M. Watts, H. F. Wirnersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Guests of the Club :—R. B. Lonez, J. 8. 8S. Marswat.

Visitors :—H. H. Arnotp, lL. Incuam Basser, G. L. Barus, J. Berry, J. Borner, Captain L. C. Bropiz, E. J. Brook,

[March 28th, 1911.] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii.] 66

H. Tazor Brooxs, H. E. Burnann, R. G. Canti, W. L’Aicte Corse, A. CoLert, G. F. S. Davis, G. Evans, L. Ewen, C. E. Facan, W. Farren, J. K. Fowrzr, H. C. Grirrity, E. Hous, C. S. Mearzs, T. Mitier, R. Mison, N. Nosiz, W. M. Pact, Max Poser, C. N. PENNEFATHER, E. F.de Rovermont, R. P. Stone, W. Currron Tazor, C.G. TatBot-Ponsonsy, Sir THomas H. C. Trovusrives, Bart.,. Miss E. L. Turner, P. E. Vaueuan, Basit Watts, M.D., T. Wetts, SmirnH Wartine.

The Meeting of the Club, the largest since its commence- ment in 1892, included 53 Members and 39 Guests, making a total of 92.

After the health of ‘Tur Kine,’ the Cuarrman said that he had much pleasure in welcoming back Mr. Walter Goodfellow, until lately the leader of the B.O. U. Expedi- tion in Dutch New Guinea. As they all knew and deplored, Mr. Goodfellow had been invalided home, but he was glad to see that he now appeared to have completely recovered from his recent severe illness. He was sure that all those present would join him in congratulating Mr. Goodfellow on his safe return after his arduous labours on behalf of the Union and would drink to his health and success in any future explorations he might undertake in the more remote and unknown parts of the world.

The toast was responded to with great enthusiasm and cheers by all present.

Mr. GoopreLtow in a few words expressed his sincere thanks for the cordial welcome which had been extended to him.

Mr. W. R. Oeitvin-Grant exhibited male and female examples of the splendid Bird of Paradise (Xanthomelus ardens, D’ Albert. & Salvad.) which had been procured by the B.O.U. Expedition on the Waitakwa River, in Dutch New Guinea. The orange-scarlet and yellow male, one of the finest birds known, was now exhibited for the first time in

67 [ Vol. xxvii.

England. The species had been originally described from a portion of a male example procured by D’Albertis from natives on the upper Fly River. It had heen figured in Sharpe’s ‘Monograph of the Birds of Paradise,’ vol. ii. pl. xxvi. (1896), as having the throat black, like the allied form, X. aureus (Linn.), found in the Arfak Peninsula of N.W. New Guinea; but the throat was missing in the imperfect type specimen which was preserved in the Genoa Museum, so that the black coloration of those parts, as shown in the plate, was purely imaginary. This mistake had been corrected by Dr. Van Oort, of the Leiden Museum, who had received two adult males collected by Dr. H. A. Lorentz, procured during his second expedition up the Noord River in Southern Dutch New Guinea. One of these had been compared with the type by Dr. Gestro, who pronounced them to be undoubtedly of the same species [cf. Nova Guinea, ix. Zool. p. 100, pl. 11. (1909) ].

Mr. Oertviz-Grant also exhibited a small and brilhantly coloured Parrot from the Upper Mimika River which appeared to be new and which he proposed to describe as follows :—

CYCLOPSITTACUS GODMANTI, Sp. ui.

Adult male. Most nearly allied to C. occidentalis, Salvad., and C. blythi, Wallace, and resembles the latter in having no green spot beneath the eye. It differs from both in having the feathers on the cheeks, sides of the head, and throat narrow and much lengthened, forming a distinct beard of a pale orange-yellow colour, as long as that of C. edwardsi, Oustalet ; a well-defined band across the chest and the sides of the breast verditer-blue; no trace of scarlet on the sides of the upper breast ; the rest of the underparts grass-green ; and a bright orange-yellow band across the upper mantle, contrasting with the scarlet crown and nape. Iris pale hazel ; orbital skin black ; bill black; feet pale olive-green.

Wing 4°65 ; tail (imperfect) 2°2 inches.

Hab. Upper Mimika River, Southern Dutch New Guinea.

Type in the British Museum. 4. No. 215. Paramau,

Vol. xxvii. | 68

19. ix. 10 (C. H. B. Grant). 3B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea.

Obs. This fine species has been named in honour of Mr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., the President of the British Ornithologists’ Union.

Mr. G. M. Maruews contributed the following descrip- tion of a new subspecies of Grass-Finch, which he proposed to name

Po®PHILA PERSONATA BELCHERI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from P. p. personata, Gould, in having the back uniform reddish-brown; the ear-coverts and under- surface slightly hghter in colour; and the black under the chin extending in a V-shape for about 12 mm. “Bill yellow ; eyes, feet, and tarsus red” (J. P. Rogers). Length 123 mm.; wing 60; culmen 12; tarsus 16.

Hab. Parry’s Creek, North-west Australia.

Type ¢, No. 3553, G. M. Mathews coll.

This species is named in honour of Mr. Charles Belcher, of Geelong, Victoria.

The following lantern-slides were then exhibited :—

Dr. F. G. Penrosr showed a very remarkable series of slides in natural colours taken on Lumiere autochrome plates. He said that the length of time required for the exposure, which was generally from three to six seconds, was not so serious a hindrance to obtaining good pictures as might have been expected, as “ sitting-birds” in a good many cases remain motionless for quite long periods when once comfortably settled down on their nests. His beautiful photographs, the like of which had never been shown at any previous meeting of the Club, were much admired by all present, and the Chairman expressed a hope that this new departure in colour-photography might be only the first of many similar exhibitions. The slides included life-like pictures of the following species :—

1. Merlin (Falen esalon), nest and eggs. 2. Eggs of the Nightjar (Caprimulgus europeus).

69 [ Vol. xxvii.

Partridge (Perdix perdix) on its nest. Woodcock (Scolopax rusticula) on its nest. Norfolk Plover (Gidicnemus edicnemus), female. » 22 ee) ” male. Peewit (Vanellus vanellus) on its nest. . Nest and eggs of the Peewit. 9, 10. Ringed Plovers (Hgialitis hiaticola) on their nests. 11. Common Tern (Sferna fluviatilis) on its nest. 12. Gulls in a field. 13, 14. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) : front view and side view.

Oe GeO eae

The next item on the programme was a series of cinema- tograph pictures taken by Dr. Eric Marshall, a member of the B. O. U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea. This proved especially interesting, and gave a most realistic idea of the camp-life of the Expedition on the Mimika River, and of the manners and customs of the natives. Mr. Walter Goodfellow greatly added to the enjoyment of the spectators by giving short explanations of the scenes depicted. These photographs showed various types of the natives of Paramau at the head-waters of the Mimika; the fellmg of a large forest tree by natives and its fall across the river; the chopping-out with axes of a “dug-out” canoe from the large trunk of a tree, and the mode in which it is subsequently partly burnt out and charred below to harden the rather soft wood. The bottoms of the canoes are constantly charred in this way to destroy the worms which riddle them with holes. Other scenes were the pioneer journey of the Expedition up the Mimika River in canoes ; the descent of the river in canoes which are pro- pelled with long paddles by natives standing in an erect position and working in perfect unison; a native sacrifice, in which two captive boars are finally clubbed to death with much pomp and ceremony; a native dance and display of arms ; natives disporting themselves in the river; Captain Rawling nursing two native children, who seem greatly to resent his attentions; and other interesting scenes of the daily life of the expedition.

Vol. xxvii. | 70

The following slides were shown by Miss E. L. Turner :—

1,2. Swallow (Hirundo rustica) feeding its young with dragon-flies.

3,4. Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) : the hen sitting ; and male regurgitating to the female.

5,6. Tree-Creeper (Certhia familiaris), showing protec- tive coloration and the modification of the beak and claws.

7-9. Nuthatch (Sitta cesia) running down a tree, showing formation of the foot, and running to its nest.

10, 11. Snipe (Gallinago gallinago) luring its young from the nest and brooding over them.

12,13. Young Heron (Ardea cinerea) perched on a tree; and standing on the ground.

14, Lesser Redpoll (Linota rufescens) feeding its young.

15-17. Grey Wagtail (Motacilla melanope) on nest, taken in Kent; running up stream; and feeding its young.

18-20. Mistle-Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) : three studies of the female feeding her young.

21-23. Corn - Bunting (Hmberiza miliaria) slipping through herbage to her nest ; feeding young with larve; feeding young with berries.

24-26. Mallard Duck (Anas boscas) brooding over its eggs ; removing its eggs; and brooding over its eggs after removing them from the nest.

27,28. Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa grisola) in the nest of a Thrush (Turdus musicus) ; male feeding young ; and female brooding.

29-31. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) : male on rail ; female with fish, back view and front view.

32-34. Kingfisher (Alcedo ispida) : three studies of the six young.

Mr. W. Bickerton exhibited an interesting series of slides, including good photographs of a number of well- known species, as follows :—

fil | Vol. xxvi.

J. The Warer-Hen. ((rallinula chloropus.) (Taken in Hertfordshire.)

1,2. A nest with five eggs under a yew tree.

3. A nest with nine eggs on the trailing branches of a wild rose tree.

4-12. Another nest in an open situation, built against a post supporting a wire-fence across a stream. The various modes by which the bird approached her nest were well illustrated, the most curious showing the Water-Hen walking along one of the wires, and using both her wings and tail to maintain her balance; the absence of membrane on her toes was clearly visible. For comparison, a photograph (No. 10) of the Coot (Fulica atra) climbing on to her nest was also exhibited, the lobed membrane on the toes being well shown.

13. Two Water-Hens at a Pheasants’ feeding-place, showing the white patch beneath the tail, which probably serves as a “ recognition mark.”

II. The Common Snips. (Gallinago gallinago.) (Taken in Hertfordshire.)

1,2. Nest with four eggs in the long grass of a water- meadow.

3-7. Showing the gradual approach of the bird through the grass and her habit of touching and arranging the eggs with her bill.

8-13. With the breast-feathers erected she covers her eggs and settles down on the nest. Front, side, and back views of the bird were shown, and dis- played the beautiful protective colour and markings of the plumage.

14. “ Panting with the heat.”

15. With wings and feathers “ puffed out.”

16. Another nest with three newly-hatched chicks and one infertile egg.

17. The three young squatting in the grass near the nest.

Vol. xxvii.] 72

18, 19. Nest of a Blackbird (7urdus merula) containing two eggs and situated on the ground only a few yards distant from the Snipe’s nest.

Ill. The Maeriz. (Pica pica.) (Taken in Hertford- shire.)

1-6. A nest built at the top of an oak tree. The old bird was shown leaving the nest, and the six young birds, having been brought down and placed on a branch, made several charming pictures.

IV. The Guittemor (Uria troile), the Razorsitit (Alcea torda), and the Kirrrwaxe (Rissa tridactyla).

1-19. Various groups of these birds nesting on the ledges of a rugged wall of sea-cliff. Some of the Guillemots were seen to be standing erect, but many of them were lying down on the rock and covering their eggs in that position. The exhibitor drew special attention to this fact, as it had been generally stated in text-buoks that the Guillemot incubates its egg in an erect position. Some birds were shown panting with the heat, and with their wings held away from their sides. The photo- graphs included five eggs laid at the bottom of a vertical fissure, 4 feet below the surface of the surrounding rocks ; also young birds. A few pairs of Razorbills nesting among the Guillemots were also shown, and some Kittiwakes on the lowest ledges.

20, 21. Two young Gulls (Larus sp. ine.) hiding between boulders of rock.

V. The Purrin. (Fratercula arctica.)

1-9. A fine series of slides illustrated this species and showed an interesting fact. The exhibitor pointed out that when standing the Puffin rested only on its webbed toes, the so-called “ heel”? being raised

73 [ Vol. xxvii.

above the ground. In the illustration given in Yarrell’s ‘ British Birds’ the Puffin was depicted with the “heel” resting on the ground, and in Saunders’s ‘Manual’ it was stated (p. 708) that when on land it rested on the whole length of the foot and heel. One picture showed a group of three of these comical-looking birds, one having four small fishes held transversely in its bill.

Mr. R. B. Lopes showed a series of photographs illus- trating the nesting-habits of the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus), taken in Spain, Bosnia, and Transylvania. The pictures, especially those recently taken, were remarkably interesting. One slide included a picture of the Black Vulture (Vultur monachus) and another that of the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaétus).

Mr. W. Farren showed a fine series of slides of the following species :—

Ike

2.

3.

4.

Nest of the Fan-tailed Warbler (Cisticola cisticola). Photographed in Southern Spain, May 1910.

Nest of Baillon’s Crake (Porzana intermedia). Ditto.

Nest of the Short-toed Lark (Calandrella brachy- dactyla). Ditto.

Nest of the Andalusian Short-toed Lark (C. betica). Ditto.

. Nest of the Calandra Lark (Melanocorypha calandra).

Ditto.

. Nest of the Blue-headed Wagtail (Motacilla flava).

Ditto.

. Nest of the Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse (Pteroclurus

pyrenaicus). Ditto.

. Nest of the Great Bustard (Otis tarda). Ditto. . Young in down of the Great Bustard. Ditto.

10. 11.

Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus) soaring. Ditto. Flamingoes (Phenicopterus roseus) in flight. Ditto.

Vol. xxvii. ] 74

12,124. Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) in flight; and nest with four eggs in water twelve inches deep. Photographed in Southern Spain, May 1910.

13. Nest of the Black Tern (Hydrochelidon nigra). Ditto.

14-22. A series of slides of the Whiskered Tern (H. hybrida). Ditto. Showing various phases of wing- display whilst alighting on the nest, some attitudes whilst brooding over the eggs, and one in which the male is standing by the nest with the sitting female.

The photographs showed considerable difference between the nest of this species and that of the Black Tern. The nests of the latter species, found in Spain, were in all cases quite small—barely large enough to support the eggs ; they were com- posed of decayed aquatic vegetation, and were very difficult to distinguish among the scum on the surface of the water. The nests of the Whiskered Terns were large and conspicuous structures, built of various rushes and dead grasses, some of them being 18 inches across.

23-28. A series of photographs of the Garden-Warbler (Sylvia simplex) at the nest. Taken near Cam- bridge, June 1909.

29-33. A series of photographs of the Wood-Lark (Lullula arborea). Photographed in Suffolk in April 1909.

34-47. A series of slides of the Grasshopper-Warbler (Locustella nevia). Photographed in Norfolk, June 1909.

48-53. The Water-Rail (Rallus aquaticus). Ditto.

Mr. R. H. Reap exhibited some slides illustrating the scenery of Corsica and views of ornithological interest. The latter included a nest of the Cirl Bunting (Emberiza cirlus) in a bush of bruyére; nesting-trees of the Red Kite (Milvus milvus) ; Greater Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopus major) ;

75 [ Vol. xxvii.

and Whitehead’s Nuthatch (Sitta whiteheadi). The trees used by the Nuthatches were tall, dead pines in a very advanced stage of decay and riddled with holes made by Woodpeckers, &c. He also showed the nesting-hole in the ground of a Bee-eater (Merops apiaster) and a set of seven eggs taken from it.

Mr. Reap also exhibited a few Spanish slides showing the marisma and its surroundings; nests of the Avocet (Recurvi- rostra avocetta), placed in the hoof-prints of cattle on the sun-baked mud ; a nest of the Black-necked Grebe (Podiczpes nigricollis) amongst a colony of Whiskered Terns ; trees with nests of the Red Kite (Milvus milvus), Black Kite _ (M. korschun), Booted Eagle (Eutolmaétus pennatus), and Spanish Imperial Eagle (Aquila adalberti).

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 12th of April, 1911, at PAGANIT’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. ]

(Signed) P. L. Scrarer, W. R. Ocrrviz-Grant, H. F. Witnersy, Chairman. Editor, Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

Bellisth= ORNITHOLOGISTS” CLUB:

No. CLXIX.

Tue hundred and sixty-seventh Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 12th of April, 1911.

Chairman: P. Li. Sctatsr, D.Sce., F.R.S.

Members present:—D. A. Bannerman, E. Binwet, J. L. Bonnots, 8S. Boorman, C. D. Borrer, C. Cuuss, Guy L. Ewen, H. O. Forses, E. Gipson, N. H. Joy, G. M. Matuews, H. Ment, W. R. Ocitvis-Grant (fditor), C. E. Pearson, Major F. W. Proctor, C. B. Rickert, A. D. Saps- wortH, D. Sera-Smitu, N. F. Ticenvrst, F.R.C.S., H. F. WitHersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—G: L. Batzs, A. C. H. Borner, J. M. Borner, A. L. Sciater.

Dr. Sciarer exhibited an immature male specimen of Mergus squamatus, Gould, belonging to the Vladivostok Museum, which had been described by Mr. Buturlin in his letter to the Editors of ‘The Ibis’ (ef. ‘Ibis,’ 1911, p. 182). It had been sent to him to be compared with the speci- meus of this rare Goosander in the British Museum, and Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, who had kindly made the comparison, was of opinion that there could be no doubt that the

specimen had been correctly identified by Mr. Buturlin-- cag rate closely resembled the type specimen of M. Sqn, Gold; "SHE 5 ‘e

also an immature male. fpr. [ April 27th, 1911.] vor. XXVtH,

Vol. xxvii. | 78

Dr. Scrarer also exhibited a fine adult male specimen of M. squamatus procured by Captain Wingate in South- west Hunan, and presented by him to the British Museum (cf. § Ibis,’ 1900, p. 602, pl. xii).

Dr. Scrater then read a letter from Mr. W. Eacre Ciarxe, in which he stated that in his excursion last autumn he had met with marvellous success during a five weeks’ stay at St. Kilda. Examples of 94 species of birds had been obtamed. Of these 54 were on migration. Two of them were new to Scotland, and one (Anthus pennsylvanicus, Lath.) to Great Britain.

Mr. Norman H. Joy showed several smooth stones, of the shape of melon-seeds, but smaller, found in Gulls’ nests from Annet, Scilly Isles. They had probably been swallowed and retained for some time in the stomachs of the Gulls.

He also showed some beetles which are specially attached to the nests of certain birds, one being found only in the nests of Sand-Martins, and others in those of Owls and Starlings. He asked Members to send him old Owls’ nests and the nests of sea-birds from outlying islands off the British coast.

Mr. Crirrorp Borrer exhibited a specimen of the Greater Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus, Linn.), shot last January in Norfolk. The bird had been sent to him by Mr. Pashley, the taxidermist at Cley, who informed him that when killed it had a piece of wood twelve inches long projecting from its breast, and that the skin surrounding it had entirely healed. Although Mr. Pashley had seen some strange mstances of the swallowing powers of these birds, he was not prepared for what he found on dissection. The piece of wood had extended the gullet about two inches past the entrance to the stomach. In company with Dr. Kay he had examined the bird before its gullet was removed, and they both con- sidered it extraordinary that the bird should have been able to fly strongly and remain in good condition under such

79 [Vol. xxvil.

circumstances. On making an incision, Mr. Pashley found that the skull of a Lesser Black-backed Gull (ZL. fuscus, Linn.), into which one end of the stake had been thrust, was also within the gullet.

Mr. H. F. Wirnersy exhibited an abnormally coloured Blackcock ( Tetrao tetrixv), and made the following remarks :—

“This bird was shot on the 10th of November, 1910, at Clonrae, Dumfriesshire, by Mr. H. 8S. Gladstone, who very kindly sent it to me. In skinning it I was able to make sure by the condition of the skull, and also by finding two unshed feathers of the juvenile plumage, that the specimen was a bird of the year. I preserved the testes, which appeared outwardly normal, and they have since been examined micro- scopically by my friend Capt. A. E. Hamerton, R.A.M.C., who kindly informs me that they are, in his opinion, perfectly normal. The plumage of the bird is, however, quite ab- normal, especially on the head, neck, mantle, upper breast, and flanks, the feathers of which are barred and vermiculated with yellowish-brown. In most of the feathers the tips are normally coloured steel-blue, a few are entirely normal, but most are marked in a varying degree with brown, some having a number of broad bars, others a single bar, and others only a thin wavy line of brown. Almost all the feathers of the chin, throat, and cheeks have whitish-buff bases and many are white-tipped. A number of the feathers of the breast are irregularly marked with white and brown, and many of the flank-feathers are vermiculated with brown, as are the middle tail-feathers, upper tail-coverts, and some of the feathers of the rump. The scapulars, secondaries, and wing-coverts are also more strongly vermiculated with brown than.is usual in the first winter-plumage. The brown markings resemble those in the plumage of the female, and by some the bird might be thought to be assuming the plumage of the female; but I cannot agree that there is any proof whatever of this, and it must be remembered that the sexual organs were normal. In my opinion this bird is simply wanting in black pigment, and this has caused the

Vol. xxvii.] 80

brown markings to assert themselves in a varying degree in different feathers according to the amount of black pigment deposited. Mr. W. P. Pycraft has very kindly examined the bird and is of the same opinion, and has pointed out to me that indications of barring are observable in certain lights in the normally coloured Blackcock’s feathers. An examination of a large series of Black-Game in the British Museum has convinced me that the males, especially in their first winter-plumage, frequently have a few brown- barred feathers, but it seems a very rare occurrence for a bird to be so freely marked with brown as the one I now exhibit. At the February meeting Mr. Millais exhibited a bird which, as far as | remember, was much like the one I am now showing. Mr. Millais pronounced it to be assuming hen-plumage, but I would suggest that an explanation such as I have just given is a more reasonable one.”

In order to supplement Mr. Witherby’s exhibit, Mr. W. R. Octtvizr-Grant showed the following specimens of Black-Game :—

1. A specimen stated to be a male assuming female plumage; Perm, Hast Russia.

2. A specimen stated to be a female assuming male plumage; Perm, Hast Russia.

These two specimens were extremely handsome birds in very remarkable plumage; the lower part of the throat in both was pure white, and in No. 2, the specimen marked female, the breast was nearly black with some whitish shaft-streaks on the feathers. It was uncertain who had collected these specimens, but they had been purchased through the late Mr. P. A. Holst. It was not known if the sexual organs had been examined by any competent person. The plumage of the male specimen more nearly re- sembled that of a female; while that of the female more nearly approached the plumage of an adult male. The pure white throat, barred with black on the upper part only, was a very striking character,

81 [ Vol. xxvu.

and one which was assumed by the male in its eclipse- plumage, but in a less marked degree.

3. Female assuming male plumage; Norway.

4, Female assuming male plumage; Scotland.

Both these birds were fine examples of barren females assuming male plumage, and had the breast and belly blackish; in No. 4 the lower throat was white, but not so white asin the Russian birds Nos. 1 and 2 mentioned above.

5. Adult male in eclipse-plumage ; Inverary, Argyll, July. 6. Adult male in eclipse-plumage ; Sutherland, August.

Both these birds had the throat and upper part of the fore-neck largely mixed with white, and the head and neck clothed with barred feathers, somewhat resembling those of the female, but darker rufous.

7. Immature male, still retaining part of the juvenile plumage on the wings, &c. ; Norway, November.

8. Quite young male in juvenile plumage, with some black feathers on the breast, &c.; Dumfriesshire, September.

Males of the year, after their first autumn moult, could always be distinguished from old Blackeocks by having the terminal portion of the secondaries and scapulars more or less mottled with dark rufous. This mottling probably did not entirely disappear until the third autumn-moult, when the scapulars and secondaries become dull black like the rest of the wing-coverts.

Mr. Grant added that it was unfortunate that Mr. Witherby

had been unable to exhibit the “adult male” partly assum-

ing female plumage, which had been shown by Mr. Millais at the February meeting of the Club. His impression was that the bird in question had the scapulars and secondaries black, and, in that case, it was no doubt fully adult.

Mr. J. L. Bonwote concurred with Mr. Witherby’s con- clusions regarding the specimen exhibited, and remarked

Vol. xxvii. | 82 -

that it was probable that the hen-like plumage of the cock Pheasants recently exhibited at the Zoological Society had in reality been produced in the same way by a disturbance of pigment.

Mr. J. L. Bonuote exhibited and made remarks on some feathers taken from the head of the Water-Rail (Rallus aquaticus, Linn.) :—

“On examining the top of the head in this species, especially its anterior portion, a number of smooth and polished black or brown bristles are at once apparent. On removing a few of the feathers, these apparent bristles are found to be the slightly swollen and enlarged terminal half of the rachis or shaft of some of the head-feathers. A careful comparison under the microscope shows these struc- tures to be precisely analogous to the red ‘ wax ’ tips found in the Waxwing (Ampelis garrulus, Linn.), although in the latter species the tip is proportionately more swollen and its bright red colour renders it very conspicuous.”

Mr. Bonhote further stated that he had found these feathers, irrespective of age, sex, or season, on every example of R. aguaticus which he had examined, but they were apparently absent on all the other British species of Rails.

Mr. Bonuote also exhibited and made remarks on the sequences of nesting-plumages in the Eagle-Owl (Budo ignavus, Forst.).

In this species there were three distinct plumages before the assumption of the first true contour- or body-feathers (teleoptyles). The first was a short white down, which was worn for the first fortnight or three weeks after hatching ; this was followed by a longer cream-coloured down, which was in turn succeeded, when the bird was about eight or ten weeks old, by downy feathers—that was to say, feathers with a median shaft carrying barbs and barbicels, but with the vane loose and downy and offering no resistance to the air. This plumage was worn for about two months, and was then succeeded by the first true feathers.

At the February meeting Mr. Pycraft had pointed out

Oe te ee

83 | Vol. xxvil.

the existence of two kinds of down in the Barn-Owls, and considered the second down as representing the mesoptyle plumage.

Mr. Bonhote pointed out that he had arrived at the same conclusions as regarded the Barn-Owl independently of Mr. Pycraft, but differed from him in not considering the second down as a plumage analogous to the “downy feather” stage of the Eagle-Owl, Tawny Owl, and other allied species. His reasons were as follows :—In the Eagle-Owl there were four plumages during the first year: (1) a short down; (2) a long down; (3) a downy feather; and (4) a true feather, which was not renewed till the moult of the following year. In the Barn-Owl there were three plumages: (1) a short down; (2) a long down; and (3) a true feather, which was uot renewed till the following year. He therefore con- sidered that the two down-plumages in the Barn-Owl were analogous to the two down-plumages of the Eagle-Owl, and that in the Barn-Owl the third or downy-feather plumage of the Eagle-Owl had been suppressed.

As to names, it did not much matter what the different plumages were called. Mr. Pycraft, who used the terms protoptyles, mesoptyles, and teleoptyle, was probably not aware of the existence of the four plumages in the Eagle- Owl as exhibited, and concerning which Mr. Bonhote had been unable to find any reference. As, however, there were undoubtedly four plumages, and only three names for them, he suggested that, to avoid confusion, the first should be known as the protoptyle plumage, the second as the meso- ptyle, the third (downy feather) as the hemiptyle, and the true feathers as the teleoptyle plumage.

Mr. Ocitvre-Granv described a new species of Parroquet which had been procured by the B. O. U. Expedition on the Kaparé River, in Dutch New Guinea :—

APROSMICTUS WILHELMINA, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Most nearly allied to A. callopterus, D’ Alb. & Salvad., but differs in having the scapulars green instead of black.

In the coloration of the head, back, and scapulars it

Vol. xxvui.] 84

resembles 4. dorsalis (Quoy & Gaim.) ; but from this latter it 1s at once distinguished by the pale yellowish-green colour of the innermost lesser and median wing-coverts. Iris orange, orbits olive-brown; bill black, basal part of the upper mandible deep orange; feet sooty black.

Total length about 15 inches; wing 7°7 ; tail 8:2.

Hab. Kaparé River, a tributary of the Mimika River, Southern Dutch New Guinea.

Type in the British Museum. ¢. No. 361. Kaparé River, 1700 ft., 22.x.10 (C. H. B. Grant). B.O.U. Expe- dition to Dutch New Guinea.

This species is named in honour of Her Majesty the Queen of Holland.

An immature male, probably of this species, was procured by Dr. Lorentz in the Resi Mountaims and referred to A. callupterus [¢f. Van Oort, Nova Guinea, ix. Zool. livr. 1. p. 72 (1909) ].

Mr. Oeitviz-Grant also exhibited examples of two rare Fruit-Pigeons, Ptilopus gestroi, D’Alb. & Salvad., and P. zonurus, Salvad., procured by the B. O. U. Expedition. These two species had the under surface of the body coloured very similarly, but were very different above, the former having a dark crimson patch on the lesser wing-coverts, and the median wing-coverts grey edged with yellowish-green, while in the latter the lesser and median wing-coverts were dark green, the median coverts having a rose-coloured spot in the middle of each.

Mr. D. A. Bannerman exhibited and described a new species of Bradyornis as follows :—

BraDYCRNIS GRANTI, Sp. N.

Bradyornis, sp. inc., Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 592 { Baro River].

Adult male and female. Most nearly allied to B. pallidus (Miiller), but distinguished by their small size, much darker brown upperparts, and by having the underparts strongly soffused with tawny-buff. From the West-African form,

oe Se “~

85 [ Vol. xxvii.

B. modesta, Shelley, they are also easily distinguished by their less tawny underparts.

Hab. South-western Abyssinia southwards to Lake Rudolph.

Types in the British Museum. ¢. Gibbe River, 28. iv. 05; 9. Walamo, 6000 ft., 13.ix.05 (P. Zaphiro). W. N. McMillan coll.

Obs. This new species of Bradyornis inhabits South- western Abyssinia to the south of the Didessa River, and ranges through Kaffa and Goffa southwards to Lake Rudolph. A fine series, collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro, has been sent to the British Museum by Mr. W.N..McMillan. Attention had already been called to this bird as long ago as 1904 by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, who had received two examples from the Baro River, procured by the same collector. In his paper on that collection he had given a short description of them, but until additional material should come to hand did not feel justified in adding another name to this difficult group. I have now examined fourteen additional examples in all stages of plumage, and have no doubt that they represent a distinct species.

The species is named in honour of Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, who first drew attention to its distinctive characters.

Mr. G. L. Batzs exhibited and described two new species of birds from Cameroon :—

GLAUCIDIUM PYCRAFTI, Sp. n.

Adult male. Head dark greyish-brown ; back and upper surface of the wings dark umber-brown ; feathers of the nape and sides of the neck each with a broad white subterminal bar, together forming a white-spotted collar; lores and a short superciliary stripe white. Quills blackish, with umber-brown bars extending across both webs and becom- ing whitish-buff towards the margins of the inner webs ; the outermost primary shorter than any of the others. Tail- feathers dark brownish-black, the middle pair with three and the outer pairs with five large, rounded, white spots on the inner web only. Throat, middle of the chest, and under tail-

Vol. xxvii. ] 86

coverts white ; sides of the chest and flanks brown mixed with whitish-buff ; middle of the chest, breast, and belly whitish-buff, each feather with a large, terminal, round or oval spot of dark brown ; under wing-coverts pale buff. Iris bright yellow; bill dull yellow ; feet yellow, claws yellow with black tips. Culmen ca. 12 mm. ; wing 105; tail 70; tarsus about 20.

Hab. South Cameroon.

Type in the British Museum. ¢ ad. No. 4153. Bitye, River Ja, 26. iii. 10.

DIaPHOROPHYIA TONSA, sp. Nn.

Adult female. Forehead and crown glossy black; lores and ear-coverts greyish; superciliary stripe white; back, wing- coverts, and the edges of the innermost secondaries light chestnut ; outer edges of the remaining quills pale rufous- white ; feathers of the rump grey tipped with white ; tail- feathers black, with very narrow white margins. Chin white ; throat and chest chestnut; rest of the underparts pure white ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white ; marginal under wing-coverts grey edged with white. Hye-wattle short and narrow, not reaching to the hinder angle of the eye, or hiding the white superciliary feathers as it does in D. castanea, Fraser. Feathers of the crown remarkably short; in D. castanea they form something of a crest. Culmen 12 mm.; wing 55 ; tail 25.

Hab. South Cameroon.

Type in the British Museum. @? ad. No. 4039 (with ova and oviduct somewhat enlarged). Bitye, River Ja, xi. 09.

An immature female (No. 3275; Assobam, River Bumba, Dec. 1908) is also doubtless of this species. It has a grey head like that of D. castanea, but the same light chestnut colour of the back and the same peculiarities of the eye- wattle and feathers of the crown as in the adult bird just described. Culmen 11 mm.; length of wing 55.:

An adult male (No. 2970; collected at Bitye, March 1908) is coloured as in the male of J). castanea; it has the pecu- liarities of the eye-wattle and the short crown-feathers of LD), tonsa, and may be the male of that species.

ane a eg

87 [ Vol. xxvii.

Mr. G. M. Marunws exhibited and described examples of two new subspecies of Australian birds :—

RHIPIDURA ALBISCAPA ALISTERI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical R. albiscapa (Gould) in its much lighter colour above and smaller size, and in having the collar on the throat much less pronounced.

Hab. New South Wales.

Type No. 7618. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

POMATOSTOMUS SUPERCILIOSUS ASHBYI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical P. superciliosus (Vig. & Horsf.) in its larger size (the bill especially being conspicuously longer), and in the generally lighter colour of the upperparts.

Hab. South-west Australia.

Type No. 2048. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 10th of May, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great. Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

The Annual General Meeting of the British Ornithologists’ Union will be held on the same day (10th of May), and the Annual Dinner of the B. 0. U. will take place conjointly with that of the B.0.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. |

(Signed) P. L. Scuarer, W. R. Oernviz-Grant, H. F. Witnersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas.

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH seen ean at ue? ug

No. CLXX. #N i Basins aca it,

Tue hundred and sixty-eighth Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 10th of May, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Sctater, D.Sce., F.R.S.

Members present :—P. H. Baur, Major G. E. H. Barrerr- Hamitton, R. M. Barrineron, E. Brpwetu, J. L. Bonnors, C. D. Borrzr, P. F. Bunyarp, C. Cuuss, Colonel S. R. Crarke, H. E. Dresser, EH. Gipson, Watter Gooprettow, A. F. Grirrita, G. A. Macmizian, W. E. F. Macmituan, G. M. Maruews, E. G. B. Mseape-Watpo, H. Menz, T. H. Newman, F. Nicuotson, M. J. Nicortt, W. R. Ocitvis- Grant (Lditor), W. H. Parrerson, C. E. Pearson, A. E. Pricu, iv. Ely Ruan, C2 B: Rickerr; W. Ll: Sciarer; D. Sera-Smitu, Major R. Sparrow, Major H. Terry, C. B. TicrHurst, M.R.C.S., N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S., A. B. Trevor-Barrye, H. M. Urcner, H. M. Watts, Captain C. H. T. Wairenean, H. F. Wiruersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Members of the B. O. U.:—ULord Brasourne, W. 8S. Bruce, LL.D., R. E. Currseman, Commander H. L. Cocurane, R.N., R. O. Marnews, M. C. Suron, F. W. Smatuey, C. G. Tarsot-Ponsonsy.

Visitors :—J. M. Borner, J. EH. Cuzzseman, Lieut. J. G. HEYDEN.

[May 26th, 1911.] VOL, XXVII.

Vol. xxvii. | 90

Mr. E. G. B. Meanr-Watpo gave a short account of some months recently spent in Algeria. He said that when at Biskra he had been much interested in watching the bone-breaking habits of the Lammergeier (Gypaétus bar- batus), aud described how it was frequently waited on and robbed by the Ravens (Corvus tingitanus), which, descending swiftly, carried off the broken marrow-bone before the Lammergeier had time to reach it. The Dartford Warbler (Melizophilus undatus) and the Wood-Warbler (Phylloscopus sibilatriz) were observed on migration. Great numbers of Dotterel (Hudromias morinellus) frequented the half- cultivated ground and were extraordinarily tame, scarcely taking the trouble to avoid the horse’s feet. Notwith- standing the abundance of food-supplies round Biskra, in the shape of dead animals, the larger Vultures were remarkably scarce.

At Hammam Meskoutine a wonderful amount of bird- life was observed. The Hawfinch (Coccothraustes buvryi, Cab.) was very numerous, and constantly to be found feeding on the olive-seed, and the resident race of Wryneck (lyne mauretanica, Roths.) was common, the difference in call from that of our British Wryneck being very noticeable. The Woodchat Shrike (Lanius pomeranus) was abundant, also the Barbary Partridge (Caccabis petrosa), and raptorial birds were well represented both in numbers and in species. Nearly full-fledged young of the Griffon Vulture were noted on the 3lst of March, which seemed an unusually early date.

He visited Bone, on Lake Fetzara, a swampy lake of some 37,300 acres, and found Waterfowl of many kinds extremely plentiful, especially Coots and Purple Gallinules (Porphyrio ceruleus). The latter took wing readily, and their flight was both light and slow. He also saw the following species of Ducks :—Tufted, Pochard, White-eyed, Gadwall, Shoveler, Marbled, White-headed, and probably many others, all being common except the Pochard. Great Crested Grebes were nesting everywhere in astonishing numbers, eyen small patches of water containing several pairs ; Black-

ot [ Vol. xxvii.

necked Grebes were also numerous, but the Dabchick was apparently rather scarce.

The Tunisian Crossbill (Lozxia poliogyna, Whitaker) was numerous in the Aleppo pines in the town of Algiers.

Mr. M. J. Nicoxt exhibited some mummified birds and made the following remarks :—

“J. A Mummy of the Sacred Ibis (Ibis ethiopica), which was purchased at Luxor in January of the present year. This bird is an immature example, as may be seen by the feathered head and neck. I take this opportunity of poiting out that Ibis ethiopica was not the only Ibis mummified by the ancient Egyptians. The Glossy Ibis, Plegadis falcinellus, was apparently also considered “sacred,” for I examined several examples, which had been unrolled, at Luxor.

«2. A mummified Hawk, which is probably either a Kestrel (Cerchneis tinnunculus) or a Red-footed Falcon (Falco vespertinus), is in too bad a state of preservation to be identified with certainty. [have examined several examples of Falco vespertinus unrolled and exposed for sale at Luxor.”

Mr. Nicoxt then exhibited examples of the following birds new to the avifauna of Egypt :—

“1, An adult male of the Palestine Warbler (Sylvia melanothorax, 'Vristram).

“This bird was shot by myself on the Ist of March, 1910, in the Wadi Hof, near Helouan, Province of Giza.

“The Palestine Warbler was previously known from the Jordan Valley, where Canon Tristram obtained the types, and from Cyprus, where it appears to be fairly abundant as a breeding species.

“2. Two adult males of the Golden-crested Wren (Regulus regulus), which I shot at Giza on the 10th of December, 1910. During the latter part of November and up to the middle of December numbers of Goldcrests frequented some Aleppo pines in the Giza Zoological Gardens.

“No Goldcrest has previously been recorded from Egypt,

Vol. xxvii.] 92

and though the present species has been recorded as occurring in Algeria, later investigators have not met with it there (Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 1. p. 395).”

Mr. Nicotu also exhibited three female examples of the Common Redstart (Ruticilla phenicurus) which had assumed a plumage somewhat similar to that of the male. He remarked :—

““These three birds were captured on migration in the Province of Giza, Egypt, and were brought to me alive: the first two on the 10th and 17th of April, 1910, and the third on the 15th of April, 1911.

«Mr. J. H. Gurney has recorded somewhat similar specimens (Trans. Norfolk & Norwich Nat. Soe. iv. p. 182).

“T carefully dissected the three examples exhibited, and found that the ovaries, though small, were apparently perfectly normal.

“Tt seems possible that very old female Redstarts assume a plumage somewhat resembling that of the male, though this supposition is entirely conjectural. Certainly these black-throated females are by no means common, for I have examined many female Redstarts caught on migration in Egypt, and all of them, with the exception of the three specimens exhibited, were normally coloured.”

Mr. C. E. Hetitmayr forwarded descriptions of two new races of Humming-Birds, which he proposed to call :—

PHAHTHORNIS YARUQUI SANCTI-JOHANNTS, subsp. n.

Adult male. Nearly related to P. y. yaruqui (Boure.), from Western Ecuador, but with a well-defined, deep ochraceous- buff malar stripe; the ochraceous postocular streak much broader and darker; the lower parts much paler, a broad band along the middle of the throat, fore-neck, and chest, together with the abdomen, light smoke-grey, only the sides of the fore-neck and chest being shining metallic green. Bill shorter, 41-43 mm. ; wing 6]-62 ; tail 55-61.

Adult female. Much lighter-coloured than the male. The

93 [ Vol. xxvit.

equally broad malar streak white, tinged with buff on the anterior part only; the underparts pale mouse-grey, the median stripe on the fore-neck and chest conspicuously edged with white, and the metallic-green colour much more restricted ; the white tips to middle rectrices much longer; size smaller. Bill 87-40 mm. ; wing 58-59 ; tail 59-63.

Hab. The tropical lowlands along the Pacific Coast of Western Colombia, from the River Truando south to Buenaventura.

Type in the Zoological Museum of Munich : no. 09.5807. 6 ad. Condoto, Rio Condoto (tributary of the R. San Juan), Choco, W. Colombia, 14.1v.09. M. G. Palmer coll., no. 2598.

Obs. Four males and three females were procured at various localities in the San Juan district, in the autumn of 1908 and April 1909, by Mr. M. G. Palmer, one of Mr. Rosenberg’s field-collectors.

PHAETHORNIS SUPERCILIOSUS MUELLERI, subsp. n.

P. afinis moorez (errore !), Hellmayr, Nov. Zool. xiii. p. 874 (1906) (S. Antonio do Prata, Para).

Adult. Much like P.“superciliosus moorei, Lawr., of Upper Amazonia, but the median throat-stripe is more clearly defined and lighter in colour, being whitish-buff instead of bright buff ; the fore-neck and breast pale greyish (not buff) ; the abdomen, as well as the edges of the rump and upper tail-coverts, decidedly paler buff. Bill, ¢ 38, 9 85-363 mm. ; wing, ¢ 60, 2? 58; tail 64-69.

Hab. North-eastern Brazil, State of Para: San Antonio do Prata (Hojfimanns), Peixe-Boi (Miller), Ipitinga, on the R. Acara (Miiller).

Type in the Zoological Museum of Munich: no. 10.1238. ? fere ad. Peixe-Boi, near Pard, 14.iv.10. Collected by Lorenz Miller.

Obs. I have already alluded to this form in my paper on the Para collection made by the late W. Hoffmanns, but it was not until recently that I obtained additional examples which fully confirm the constancy of its characters.

Vol. xxvii.] 94

Mr. Witiiam L. Scuarer exhibited the skin of a young Coot from Tristan da Cunha, sent to him by Mr. Péringuey, Director of the South African Museum. It had been obtained by Mr. Keytil, of Capetown, who had spent over a year in Tristan da Cunha, and was the first example of a Coot known from those islands.

The bird was very closely allied to Fulica armillata and F. ardesiaca from South America, though it presented some differences from those species. As it was quite a young bird, Mr. Sclater hesitated to describe it as new until adult examples could be examined.

Dr. N. F. Tictnurst exhibited a male example of the Black-throated Thrush (Turdus atrigularis, Temm.) which had been shot at Wittersham, in Kent, on the 15th of March, 1911. It had been submitted to him-in the flesh for examination. This was the second example that had been obtained in Kent, and constituted the fifth record for the British Isles.

Mr. D. Seru-Smitru exhibited skins of two races of the Long-tailed Grass-Finch (Poéphila acuticauda) from Australia, and made the following remarks :—

“In the May number of the ‘ Avicultural Magazine’ Mr. Gregory Mathews gives some short notes on a collec- tion of birds from North-west Australia, in the course of which he remarks :—‘ With reference to the Long-tailed Grass-Finch (Poéphila acuticauda, Gould), there is absolutely no difference in the colour of the bill between birds from Wyndham and those from Derby. It will be remembered that a subspecies was described from captive birds and called P. hecki by Heinroth, and P. auranitirostris by North. These two latter names are only synonyms of P. acuticauda.’

‘¢~In 1900 Dr. Heinroth noticed that a number of Long- tailed Grass-Finches which had been received in Berlin differed from the typical birds in having the bill bright orange-red, and described the form as new under the name of Poéphila hecki. In 1902 Mr. North noticed the same

95 [ Vol. xxvii.

peculiarity in a number of birds that were said to have been captured at Wyndham, in N.W. Australia, and, being unaware that this form had already been described by Heinroth, named it P. aurantiirostris. A number of the red-billed birds arrived in England, and I secured several myself, and have kept living examples both of the typical yellow-billed P. acuticauda and the red-billed P. hecki, skins of which I now exhibit.

“J think there can be no doubt whatever that P. hecki is a perfectly good subspecies, though its exact habitat has not yet been satisfactorily determined.”

Mr. G. M. Maruews remarked that the type locality of Poéphila auranturostris, North, was given as Wyndham, but that all the birds which he had procured from that locality, as well as from Derby and Napier Broome Bay (all in the north-west), had the colour of the bill yellow in life, not orange-scarlet. He asked if it were possible to find out the locality of the birds with orange-scarlet bills.

Mr. A. F. Grirrity exhibited a specimen of the Sooty Tern (Sterna fuliginosa) which had been captured to the east of Brighton on the 24th of April, 1911. It was observed under the cliff at Black Rock in an exhausted condition, and was captured by a man, who brought it to Messrs. Pratt, the taxidermists of Brighton. In the absence of Mr. Griffith it had been shown in the flesh to Dr. Langton.

The bird was believed to be a female, but Mr. Pycraft, who had examined the body, was unable to determine the sex with certainty.

Mr. Wiruersy exhibited specimens of the Continental Jay (Garrulus glandarius glandarius) from Norway and from Kent, the British Jay (Garrulus g. rufitergum), the Irish Jay (Garrulus g. hibernicus), the Continental Great Tit (Parus — major major) from Norway and from Norfolk, the British Great Tit (Parus m. newtoni), the Northern Greater Spotted

Vol. xxvii. | 96

Woodpecker (Dendrocopus major major) from Norway and from Yorkshire, and the British Greater Spotted Wood- pecker (Dendrocopus m. anglicus). Mr. Witherby made the following remarks :—

“In exhibiting these birds, I wish to draw attention to the great practical advantage to the student of migration which is to be gained by a careful study and comparison of those British birds which have been separated as distinct geographical forms. Migrant Jays have often been noted in various parts of England and Scotland, but their origin has never been proved until recently, when Dr. N. F. Ticehurst obtained some from Kent and found they were of the grey-backed Continental form, which is very distinct from our British bird, and still more so from the darker Trish bird, which Dr. Hartert and I have lately described. In the same way we have migrations of Greater Spotted Wood- peckers, and an examination of specimens has conclusively proved that these birds are of Continental origin. If you will compare the fine long bill of the British bird with the shorter, thicker bill of the northern race, I think you will agree with me that by this character alone the two forms are easily separable. The Great Tit is another case in point. Dr. C. B. Ticehurst last autumn observed that migrant Great Tits, noted on the Norfolk and Suffolk coasts, were of undoubted Continental origin; and here, again, the two races are easily distinguished by their bills, that of the British bird being much longer and stouter than that of the typical form.”

Mr. G. M. Matuews described the following new birds from Australia :—

MELIoRNIS NIGRA DULCIEI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical M. nigra (Bechst.) in having the white patch on each side of the neck pear-shaped, not round. Culmen 24 mm.; wing 74; tail 69; tarsus 21.

Hab. Albany, West Australia.

Type No. 3346. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

97 [ Vol. xxvii.

ACANTHIZA ALBIVENTRIS HAMILTONI, subsp. n.

Adult. Differs from typical A. albiventris, North, in having the upper tail-coverts less rufous and the under surface darker, especially on the under tail-coverts. It is also slightly smaller. Culmen 11 mm.; wing 51; tail 45; tarsus 20.

Hab. New South Wales.

Type. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

ACANTHIZA IREDALEI, Sp. 0.

Adult. General colour above ash-brown, washed with olive on the back, especially on the rump; upper tail-coverts buff ; forehead dark brown, each feather with a broad white tip; ear-coverts and cheeks whitish-buff; lores whitish ; primaries brown, edged with hght grey ; greater wing-coverts brown with paler edgings; lesser and median coverts brown; - tail-feathers blackish-brown with buff-coloured tips, in- creasing in size towards the middle pair, all except the median pair with a white spot at the tip of the inner web; throat whitish; neck and upper breast buff tipped with brown ; remainder of the under surface yellowish-buff. Bill and feet black ; iris buff.

Total length 90 mm.; culmen 10; wing 48; tail 36; tarsus 18.

Hab. Lake Way, West Australia.

Type No. 4007. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Obs. The bird called Acanthiza tenuirostris, Zeitz, must in future be known as

ACANTHIZA MORGANI, mihi, the former name having been used by Lafresnaye in 1842 (cf. Rev. Zool. p. 241).

On behalf of Mr. Tom Irepatz, Mr. Ogitviz-Grant forwarded the description of a new subspecies of Cinclo- ramphus from West Australia. Mr. Iredale described it as follows :—

CINCLORAMPHUS RUFESCENS MATHEWSI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from C. r. rufescens, Vig. & Horsf., in being much darker above, and in having a shorter bill and longer wing.

Vol. xxvii. | 98

C.r. mathewsi, 6: culmen 13 mm.; wing 96.

C. r. rufescens, 6: culmen 14°5-15 mm. ; wing 90-93.

The type of C. r. rufescens was obtained in New South Wales and is now in the British Museum, where I have examined it.

The type of C. r. mathewsi is from Yalgo, West Australia, and is No. 5198 in the collection of Mr. G. M. Mathews.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 14th of June, 1911, at PAGANTS RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. |

(Signed) P. L. Scuater, W. R. Ocitvis-Grant, H. F. WitHersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas.

— An ae =

BULLETIN

Prilish ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB,

No. CLXXI.

Tue hundred and sixty-ninth Meeting of the Club was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W., on Wednesday, the 14th of June, 1911.

Chairman: P. L. Scuater, D.Sc., F.R.S.

Members present :—P. H. Baur, M.B., D. A. BAnnerRMAN, KE. Browetn, J. L. Bonnots, C. D. Borner, P. F. Bunyarp, EK. Grsson, J. M. Goovatt, H. Gooncuixp, J. H. Gurney, Rev. J. R. Hatz, Rev. F.C. R. Jourpain, W. E. F. Mac- mituan, G. M. Matnews, T. H. Newman, M. J. Nicott, W. R. Ocitvie-Grant (Editor), C. OtpHam, C. EH. Pearson, F. G. Penrosz, M.D., A. E. Price, C. B. Ricxerr, A. D. SapswortH, D. Seru-Smitn, N. F. Ticenurst, F.R.C.S., H. F. Wirnersy (Sec. & Treas.).

Visitors :—C. G. Aszott, R. O. Matuews, L. Spatpine.

Mr. G. M. Maruews described the following new species and subspecies of birds from Australia :—

PrrzoORHYNCHUS NITIDUS WARDELLI, subsp. n. Adult male. Differs from typical P. nitidus, Gould, in

having a shorter and wider bill, the general c “ik ceRelast ( abt. xxvin. “a,

[July 18th, 1911.) JUL 28 191]

W,,. “tonal Musev™

Vol. xxvii. | 100

and the measurements slightly larger. Culmen 17 mm.; wing 89; tail 72; tarsus 20. Hab. Cooktown, North Queensland. Type No. 5888. Coll. G. M. Mathews. The average measurement of the bill of P. nitidus is 28 mm. Named in honour of Dr. Wardell, of Stotfold.

DIAPHORILLAS STRIATUS HOWEI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from D. striatus, Gould, from West Australia (which is believed to be the same species as that found in New South Wales) in being red-brown above and in having the white shaft-streaks bordered by a line of black. Size similar to that of D. striatus.

Hab. Kow Plains, Victoria.

Type ¢ No. 4521. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

CoRACINA MELANOPS T4SMANICA, Subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from typical C. melanops (Lath.) in having the bill slightly smaller and the upper surface darker grey.

Hab. Tasmania.

Type No. 4366. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

MyzoMELA OBSCURA HARTERTI, subsp. n.

Adult male. Differs from typical M. obscura, Gould, in being much darker both above and below. Culmen 21 mm. ; wing 68; tail 55 ; tarsus 19. Iris dark brown ; bill black ; feet and legs grey-blue.

Hab. Cairns, N. Queensland.

Type No. 3036. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

ARTAMUS TREGELLASI, Sp. 0.

Adult. Above brownish, including the head, hind-neck, and back ; a line over the forehead, lores, and a ring round the eye, as well as the throat, rump, thighs, vent, and under tail-coverts, black; tail blackish, all but the two median feathers broadly tipped with white ; rest of the under surface grey, paler on the lower throat; wings bluish-grey, with

101 [ Vol. xxvii.

whitish edgings to the feathers; under wing-coverts and axillaries white. Iris deep brown ; bill bluish with a black tip ; feet and legs nearly black. Culmen 22mm.; wing 136; fcnley obs varsis, 22°

Hab. Rockingham, West Australia.

Type No. 2467. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Named in honour of Mr. T. H. Tregellas.

BuTORIDES ROGERSI, sp. n.

Head, crest, and tail greenish-black ; mantle, back, and entire under surface reddish-buff, with white bases to the feathers ; primaries brown, outer edges fringed with buff; secondaries brown with a greenish tinge ; remainder of the wing brown, with reddish edges to the feathers; the plumes on the back greenish ; a tuft of feathers at the gape blackish. Culmen 66 mm.; wing 183; tail 58; tarsus 53.

Hab. North-west Australia.

Type No. 4502. Coll. G. M. Mathews.

Mr. C. Cuuss sent for exhibition examples of a new species of Upucerthia from Southern Chile, which he pro-

posed to call

UPuCERTHIA TAMUCOENSIS, Sp. 0.

Adult male. Allied to U. dumetoria, Geoff. et d@Orb., but smaller, having the upper surface dark olive-brown instead of ash-grey, and the underparts, especially the flanks, sooty- brown instead of rufous-brown. ‘Total length 5-7 inches ; culmen 1:1; wing 41; tail 2:9; tarsus 0°95.

Hab. Tamuco, Southern Chile.

Mr. J. L. Bonnore exhibited an example of the Conti- nental Blue Tit (Parus ceruleus ceruleus, Linn.), which he had shot in Peebleshire some years ago. He stated that the Continental race probably occurred in England every autumn, but, so far as he knew, had not previously been

recorded.

Vol. xxvii. | 102

Mr. P. H. Baur made the following remarks on the status of certain birds peculiar to the Fiji Islands :—

“ During fifteen months’ residence in the Fiji Islands I was able to gain some information as to the influence of recent introductions on the bird-life. The group is com- posed of 250 islands, and during the last 25 years both the Mongoose and the Mynah have been introduced into the two largest. The effect on the birds there, as elsewhere, has been deplorable. The Mongoose was originally introduced to destroy the rats which were gnawing the sugar-cane. It is agreed that they have driven these rodents out of the cane-fields, but they seem to have taken refuge in the houses of Europeans. Tosuch an extent have they increased that with two wire traps I had no difficulty in catching 44 in front of my house in less than a fortnight. In many cases I shot them as they came to devour the bodies of their dead brethren.

« As in Jamaica, they are arboreal, but so far the Doves (Chrysenas luteovirens and Ptilopus perouse?) and the Pigeons (Columba vitiensis and Carpophaga latrans) appear to have escaped their attention, nesting as they do in the smaller branches. Their destructive effect has been mosé marked on the Parrots. Pyrrhulopsis personata, confined to the largest island (Viti Levu), is fast disappearing; at the present time old birds only are met with, and I was assured that no young have been seen for years. Pyrrhulopsis splendens, too, though still abundant in other islands, has almost vanished where the Mongoose swarms. ‘The Blue Lory or “ Kula” (Calliptilus solitarius) is now only found locally in the larger islands, where it nests in places imaccessible to the Mongoose. The Duck (Anas superciliosus) and the Rail (Rallina pecilopterus) have disappeared. There seems to be a certain amount of evidence that a Megapode inhabited Viti Levu till about 15 years ago, but no European has ever seen it. The natives are said to have trained dogs to catch it and to have eaten its eggs. It is unlikely that they domesticated it, for the Fijian of to-day seems to be incapable of domesticating anything but the pig. Fowls

103 [ Vol. xxvii.

run wild in several of the islands and have reverted to the wild type of Jungle-fowl, but these have disappeared since the introduction of the Mongoose.

“The Mynahs have increased to an alarming extent; they were introduced to rid the sugar-cane of several insect-pests, but have so far been mainly instrumental in driving away the native birds. The Kingfisher (Halcyon sacer) is still abun- dant, and is the only bird bearing a native name; otherwise the Fijian does not distinguish a Bat from a bird, and calls everything indiscriminately ‘Manu-Manu,’ whether it be a fish or a microbe under the microscope. In spite of various attempts at introduction rendered abortive by the hostility of several planters, the Mongoose has not established itself on Taviuni, the third largest island and the garden of Fiji. There the small Parroquet (Hypocharmosyna aureicincta) and the Satin Flycatcher or Short-wing (Lamprolia victorie) still appear to flourish. The Samoans until lately were in the habit of visiting the island of Kandavu and shooting Cal- liptilus solitarius and Pyrrhulopsis splendens to obtain the breast-feathers to decorate their mats; but the late Governor, Sir KE. im Thurn, K.C.M.G., I am glad to say, put a stop to this. I was able to bring specimens of Pyrrhulopsis taviunensis home alive, but living examples of P. koroensis (peculiar to the island of Koro), in spite of the promises of the natives, were not secured. I also brought examples of the Lory (C. solitarius) and the Fijian Fire-tail Finch (Erythrura pealet), which I believe had not previously been brought alive to this country.”

Mr. E. Brpwe 1, through the kindness of Mr. W. Whitaker, exhibited a very dark Peregrine (Falco peregrinus) which that gentleman had shot at Newbold Verdon, near Market Bosworth, Leicestershire, on the 31st of October, 1891. The bird, which was in its second year’s plumage, was blacker than any specimen in the National Collection.

Mr. Ociivie-Grant said that he had examined this Faleon and had no doubt that it belonged to the dark North American race which has been named Falco nigriceps, Cassin.

Vol. xxvil.] 104

Mr. W. R. Octivis-Grant exhibited examples of two rare species of birds which had been procured by the Members of the B. O. U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea. The first of these was the Yellow Cuckoo-Shrike (Campo- chera sloetii, Schl.), of which both sexes had been obtained, the female being hitherto unrepresented in the National Collection; the other was the Spotted-headed Honey-eater . (Pycnopygius stictocephalus, Salvad.), a very scarce species, the only other specimen in this country being an example in the Tring Museum. [| Cf. Hartert & Rothschild, Nov. Zool. x. p. 451 (1903).]

Mr. Oeirvis-Grant also described two new species of birds collected by the late Mr. Wilfred Stalker in Ceram, during the B.O.U. Expedition to Dutch New Guinea :—

CoLUMBA STALKERI, Sp. 0.

Adult female. Most nearly allied to C. mada, Hartert, from Buru, but differs in the following points :—The crown, nape, and upper mantle are paler grey; the sides of the head, throat, chest, and upper breast rich greyish-vinaceous, the chin and throat being paler, and the lower breast and belly darker, with the basal part of the feathers chestnut. Under tail-coverts dark chestnut, bordered with greyish- vinaceous. Tail-feathers black, with a purplish gloss, nar- rowly fringed with pale greyish-brown. Iris scarlet and yellow; naked skin round the eye scarlet ; bill yellow, purple at the base of the upper mandible; feet purple. Total length (in the flesh) 13 inches ; exposed portion of culmen 0°7 ; wing 8°5 ; tail 6:1.

An immature male in worn plumage differs ehietys in being paler below and in having the chin and throat pure white, while the grey feathers of the under wing-coverts are mostly tipped with rufous. Iris scarlet and yellow; bill horn-colour ; feet dark purple. ‘Total length (in the flesh) 142 inches; wing 8:1; tail 6°05.

Hab. Mountains of North Ceram. _

Type in the British Museum. 9. No. 3388. Kanobi Mountains, 2500 ft. Oct. 1909. W. Stalker Coll.

105 | Vol. xxvii.

PIEZCRHYNCHUS WELLSI, Sp. i.

Adult male. Most nearly altied to P. bimaculatus, Gray, from Batjan, &c., but larger and easily distinguished by the greater amount of white on the terminal part of the three outer pairs of tail-feathers, on the fourth pair the white end measurcs | inch, and on the two outer pairs about 1-2 inches. The upper back and wings are blacker than in any of the maie examples from Batjan. In the greater amount of white on the tail it resembles P. nigrimentum (Gray), which is also found in Goram, but the male of the latter has the back and wings uniform grey. Iris brown; bill entirely blue ; legs dark blue. Wing 3°l inches; tail 3-0.

Hab. Goram.

Type in the British Museum. <¢. No. 176. Goram Laut. Sept. 1909. W. Stalker Coll.

Mr. Ogitvie-Grant further described a new species of Crombec from W. Africa, procured by Mr. Willoughby P. Lowe :—

SYLVIELLA LOWEI, sp. 0.

Adult male. Resembles S. micrura, Riipp., but the white on the throat extends down the middle of the breast and belly, and the culmen is black and much longer. Bill black, whitish at the base of the lower mandible; iris light brown; feet flesh-colour. Total length (in the flesh) 4°5 inches ; wing 2°3; tail 1°05 ; tarsus 0°82.

Hab. St. Paul de Loanda, W. Africa.

Type in the British Museum. ¢. No. 640. 24. iii. 11. W. P. Lowe Coll.

Mr. F. V. McConnez x sent descriptions of the following new species and subspecies from British Guiana :—

NeEoPIPO HELENA, Sp. n.

Adult male. Similar to N. citnnamomea (Lawr.), but differs in having the sides of the face and the ear-coverts ash-grey and the throat greyish-white, instead of cinnamon-rufous,

Vol. xxvii. | 106

Total length 3°7 inches ; culmen 0°4; wing 20; tail 14; tarsus 0°55. Hab. Ituribisce, British Guiana.

RHYNCHOCYCLUS OLIVACEUS GUIANENSIS, Subsp. n.

Adult, Allied to R. olivaceus (Temm.), but distinguished by its smaller size, paler green upperparts, throat and chest, and by the pale sulphur-yellow (instead of orange-yellow) abdomen. Total length 5°2 inches; culmen 0°65; wing 2°8; tail 2°3.

Hab. British Guiana.

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, the 11th of October, 1911, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.; the Dinner at 7 p.m. Members of the Club intending to dine are requested to inform Mr. Witherby, at 326 High Holborn, W.C.

{N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to give notice beforehand to the Editor, also to supply him with a written account of anything intended for publication. ]

(Signed) P. L. Sctarer, W. R. Oeitvie-Grant, H. F. Wirsersy, Chairman. Editor. Sec. & Treas.

Actinodura radcliffei, 9. ramsayi, 9, adalberti, Aquila, 75. Aédon familiaris, 29. AMigialitis hiaticola, 17, 69. AXgithalus caudatus, 39. irbii, 39.

italie, 39. tyrrhenicus, 39. zsalon, Falco, 68.

’ aharoni, Calandrella, 13. albiscapa, Rhipidura, 87. Alea torda, 72.

Alcedo ispida, 69, 70. Alethe carruthersi, 7. kikuyuensis, 7. alisteri, Cinclosoma, 16. , Rhipidura, 87. aluco, Syrnium, 58. Amblyornis germanus, 13. subalaris, 13. Ammomanes assabensis, 46. deserti, 46.

—— pheenicuroides, 46. saturatus, 46.

— whitakeri, 46. Ampelis garrulus, 82. Ainytornis oweni, 48. striatus, 48.

Anas boscas, 70. superciliosus, 102. Anthus, 28.

campestris, 16. pennsylvanicus, 78. pratensis, 40, Antigona, 47.

Antigone, 47.

collaris, 47. torquata, 47. Antigonia, 47. Antigonus, 47.

Apalis claudei, 15. thoracica, 15.

Aphelocephala leucopsis, 62.

VOL. XXVII.

INDEX.

Aphelocephala pallida, 62. apiaster, Merops, 75. Aprosmictus callopterus, 83. dorsalis, 84. wilhelminz, 85. aquaticus, Rallus, 74, 82. Aquila adaiberti, 75. chrysaétus, 73. arborea, Lullula, 17, 74. arctica, Fratercula, 72. Ardea cinerea, 70. rubricunda, 47. ardens, Xanthomelus, 66. Argya aylmeri, 7, 8. keniana, 7.

Artamus tregellasi, 100. ashbyi, Pomatostomus, 87, Asio otus, 17.

assabensis, Ammomanes, 46. assimilis, Circus, 58.

, Munia, 28. atlanticus, Puffinus, 48. atricapilla, Sylvia, 49.

augustie-victoriz, Parsdisea, 36.

aureus, Xanthomelus, 67. australasianus, Grus, 47. avocetta, Recurvirostra, 79. aylmeri, Argya, 7, 8.

betica, Calandrella, 73. bailloni, Puffinus, 44. bassana, Sula, 57. belcheri, Poéphila, 68. berlepschi, Parotia, 35, 36. bewicki, Cygnus, 58. boseas, Anas, 70.

brachydactyla, Calandrella, 28, 73.

, Certhia, 27. Bradyornis granti, 84. pallidus, 84.

Bradypterus microrhynchus, 8.

nyasse, 8. britannicus, Parus, 36, 37.

Vol. xxvii. |

Bubo ignavus, 82, 85. Butorides rogersi, 101.

exruleus, Parus, 101.

csia, Sitta, 70.

calandra, Melanocorypha, 73. Calandrella aharoni, 13. —— hbetica, 73- brachydactyla, 28, 73. leucophzea, 15.

minor, 13.

seebohmi, 13. Calliptilus solitarius, 102, 103. callopterus, Aprosmictus, 83. Calospiza cayana, 34.

flava, 35, 50.

huberi, 34, 50. campestris, Anthus, 16. Campocheera sloetii, 104. canagica, Philacte, 48. caniceps, Munia, 47. eannabina, Linota, 49. eanorus, Cuculus, 40, 49. Caprimulgus europzeus, 17, 68. carbo, Phalacrocorax, 22-27. Carduelis carduelis, 70. earole, Parotia, 35, 36. Carpodacus formcsanus, 51. incertus, 50, 51. Carpophaga latrans, 102. earruthersi, Alethe, 7. castanea, Diaphorophyia, 86. eastaneothorax, Munia, 28. caudatus, Aigithalus, 39. cayana, Calospiza, 64. Certhia brachydactyla, 27. familiaris, 27, 70.

Charmosynopsis multistriata, 45.

Chettusia gregaria, 28. Chlamydodera lauterbachi, 10. chloropus, Gallinula, 71. chlororhynchus, Puffinus, 40, chrysaétus, Aquila, 73. Chryscenas luteovirens, 102. ehubbi, Sylviella, 10. Cinclosoma alisteri, 16. cinerea, Ardea, 70. cinnamomea, Neopipo, 105. Cinnyris buruensis, 12. microrhyncha, 6. sheppardi, 6.

zenobia, 12.

Circus assimilis, 58.

cirlus, Emberiza, 74. Cisticola cisticola, 73. floweri, 12.

claudei, Apalis, 15. cleopatra, Merops, 11. Climacteris obscura, 16. rufa, 16.

Coccystes glandarius, 27.

108

celebs, Fringilla, 62. colchicus, Phasiaius, 54.

collaris, Antigone, 47. Columba mada, 104. stalkeri, 104. vitiensis, )Q2. Coracina melanops, 100. tasmanica, L(V. Corvus movedula, 50. pallescens, 27. Corythornis cyanostigma, 14, Cosmonetta histrionica, 38. cristata, Guttera, 14. eristatus, Parus, 27.

Cuculus canorus. 40, 49. jacksoni, 14.

curruca, Sylvia, 17. curvirostra. Loxia, 58-61. cyanostigma, Cory thornis, 14. Cyclopsittacus edwardsi, 67. godmani, 67. occidentalis, 67.

Cygnus bewicki, 58. jankowski, 58.

Dendrocopus major, 74. deserti, Ammomanes, 46. Diapborillas howei, 100. striatus, 100. Diaphoropbyia castanea, 86. tonsa, 86.

discors, Querquedula, 15. dorsalis, Aprosmictus, 84. dumetoria, Upucerthia, 101.

edwardsi, Cyclopsittacus, 67. elgonensis, ‘Larsiger, 57. Huwberiza cirlus, 74, miliaria, 70.

Eopsaltria hilli, 41. Erithacus melophilus, 48. rubecula, 62. Erythrura pealei, 108. Estrilda nigrimentum, 6. pallidior, 6.

europxa, Pyrrhula, 49. europzus, Caprimulgus, 17, 63. Eutolmaétus pennatus, 75.

Falco xsalon, 68. nigriceps, 103. peregrinus, 105. familiaris, Aédon, 29.

, Certhia, 27, 70. flammea, Strix, 58. flava, Calospiza, 35, 50. , Motacilla, 73. flaviventris, Melilestes, 44. floweri, Cisticola, 12. fluviatilis, Sterna, 69.

, Phasianus, x P. torquatus, 54.

109 [ Vol. xxvii.

formosanus, Carpodacus, 71. korschun, Milvus, 75. Fratercula arctica, 72. kumusii, Munia, 47. Fringilla ccelebs, 62.

frugilegus, ‘ry panocorax, 29. Lagopus scoticus, 55-57. fulvus, Gyps, 73. Larus fuscus, 79.

fuscus, Larus, 79.

marinus, 78. latrans, Carpophaga, 102.

Gallinago gallinago, 17, 50, 70, 71. lauterbachi, Chlamydodera, 10. Gallinula chloropus, 71. leucopheea, Calandrella, 13. garrulus, Ampelis, 82. leucopsis, Aphelocephala, 62. germanus, Amblyornis, 13. Linota cannabina, 49.

gestroi, Ptilopus, 84. - rufescens, 70.

glandarius, Coccystes, 27. Locustella neevia, 74. Glaucidium pycrafti, 85. lowei, Sylviella, 105.

godmani, Cyclopsittacus, 67. Loxia curvirostra, 58-61.

grandis, Stizorhina, 30. granti, Bradyornis, 84.

pityopsittacus, 59. seotica, 59-61.

gravis, Puffinus, 22. lugubris, Motacilla, 50. gregaria, Chettusia, 28. Lullula arborea, 17, 74. grisola, Musciiapa, 70. luteovirens, Chryscenas, 102. Grus australasianus, 47. Lyrurus tetrix, 54. ‘guerilla, Micrastur, 29.

guianensis, Rhynchocyclus, 106. - Machetes pugnax, 17. guilielmi, Paradisea, 36. mada, Columba, 104. Guttera cristata, 14. major, Dendrocopus, 74.

seth-smithi, 14. ———, Parus, 40, 49.

Gyps fulvus, 73. maria, Paradisea, 56. marinus, Larus, 78.

Halcyon sacer, 103. © Mathewsia, 47.

harterti, Myzomela, 100. -—— rubricunda, 47.

helene, Neopipo, 100. meeki, Parotia, 35.

hiaticola, Agialitis, 7, 69. Melanocorypha calandra, 73.

hibernicus, Parus, 386, 37. melanope, Motacilla, 70.

hilli, Kopsaltria, 41. melanops, Coracina, 100.

, Platycercus, 28. melanura, Pachycephala, 41. Himantopus himantopus, 74. Melilestes flaviventris, 44. Hirundo rustica, 70. novee-guines, 44. histrionica, Cosmonetta, 38. melophilus, Hrithacus, 48. howei, Diaphorillas, 100. Mergus squamatus, 77, 78. huberi, Calospiza, 34, 50. Merops apiaster, 75.

humeralis, Ninox, 62. hybrida, Hydrochelidon, 74.

cleopatra, 11. reicbenowi, 12.

Hydrochelidon hybrida, 74. ——- viridis, 11, 12. nigra, 74. viridissimus, 11, 12. Hypocharmosyna aureicincta, 105. merula, Turdus, 72. Micrastur guerilla, 29. ignavus, Bubo, 82, 83. microrhyncha, Cinnyris, 6. impennis, Plautus, 46. microrhynehus, Bradypterus, 8. incertus, Carpodacus, 50, 51. micrura, Sylviella, 105. intermedia, Porzana, 75. miliaria, Emberiza, 70. 5 Pavan, Milvus korschun, 75. irbii, Agithalus, 59. milvus, 8, 74, 75. iredali, Pufiinus, 40. minor, Calandrella, 13. ispida, Alcedo, 69, 70. mollissima, Somateria, 40. italie, A’githalus, 359. monachus, Vultur, 73. monedula, Corvus, 50. jacksoni, Cuculus, 14. Motacilla flava, 73.

jankowskii, Cygnus, 58. lugubris, 50. melanope, 70. keniana, Argya, 7. multistriata, Charmosynopsis, 45.

kikuyuensis, Alethe, 7. Munia assimilis, 28.

Vol. xxvii. |

Munia caniceps, 47. castaneothorax, 28. kumusil, 47. Muscicapa grisola, 70. musicus, Turdus, 17, 70. mystacea, Prinia, 7. Myzomela harterti, 100. obscura, 1V0.

neevia, Locustella, 7+. Nasiterna pygmea, 45. viridipectus, 45. Neopipo cinnamomea, 105. —— helene, 105.

nigra, Hydrochelidon, 74. nigriceps, Falco, 103. nigricollis, Podicipes, 75. nigrimentum, Hstrilda, 6. Ninox humeralis, 62. queenslandica, 62. nisoria, Sylvia, 16. nitidus, Piezorbynchus, 99. nove-guines, Melilestes, 44. nyasse, Bradypterus, 8.

obscura, Climacteris, 16.

, Myzomela, 100. obseurus, Puflinus, 43. occidentalis, Cyclopsittacus, 67. (Edicnemus cedicnemus, 69. olivaceus, Pomatorhinus, 9. , Rhynchocyclus, 106. orientalis, Tarsiger, 57. Otis tarda, 73.

tus, Asio, 17.

oweni, Amytornis, 48.

Pachycephala melanura, 41. pallescens, Corvus, 27. pallida, Aphelocepbala, 62. pallidior, Estrilda, 6. pallidus, Bridyornis, 84. Paradisea augustx-victorie, 36, guilielini, 36.

maria. 36.

Parotia berlepschi, 35, 36. carole, 35, 36.

meeki, 35.

Parus britannicus, 36, 37. ceeruleus, LOL,

— cristatus, 27.

~—— hibernicus, 36-37. major, 40, 49. pennatus, Eutolmaétus, 75. pennsylvanicus, Anthus, 78. Perdix perdix, 69. peregrinus Falco, 103. perousei, Ptilopus, 102. persouata, Poéphila, 68.

, Pyrrhulopsis, 102. Phalacrocorax carbo, 22-27.

110

Phasianus colchicus, 54. torquatus, 54. Philacte canagica, 48. Pheenicopterus roseus, 73. pheenicuroides, Ammomanes, 46. Phylloscopus viridanus, 16. Pica pica, 27, 72. Piezorhynchus nitidus, 99. waraelli, 99.

wellsi, 105.

pilaris, Turdus, 50. pityopsittacus, Loxia, 59. Platycercus hilli, 28. yenustus, 28.

Plautus impennis, 40. Podicipes nigricollis, 75. Poéphiia belcheri, 68. personata, 68. Pomatorhinus olivaceus, 9. ripponi, 9. Pomatostomus ashbyi, 87. superciliosus, 37. Porzana intermedia, 73. pratensis, Anthus, 40. Pratincola rubicola, 17. Prinia intermedia, 7. mystacea, 7. somalica, 7. Pteroclurus pyrenaicus, 73. Ptilopus gestroi, 84. perousel, 102. zonurus, 84.

Puffinus atlanticus, 43. bailloni, 44. chlororhynchus, 40. —— gravis, 2”.

iredali, 40.

obscurus, 43.

pugnax, Machetes, 17. Pycnopygius stictocephalus, 104 pycrafti, Gliucidium, 85. pygmea, Nasiterna, 45. pyrenaicus, Pteroclurus, 73. Pyrrhula europea, 49. Pyrrhulopsis korvensis, 103. personata, 102. splendens, 102, 103. taviunensis, 103.

queenslandica, Ninox, 62. Querquedula discurs, 15.

radcliffei, Actinodura, 9. Rallina pecilopterus, 102. Rallus aquaticus, 74, 82. ramsayi, Actincdura, 9. Recurvirostra avocetta, 75. reichenowi, Merops, 12. Rhipidura albiscapa, 87.

— ailisteri, 87. Rhynchocyclus guianensis, 106.

Rhynchocyclus olivaceus, 106. ripponi, Pomatorhinus, 9. Rissa tridactyla, 72. rogersi, Butorides, 101. roseus, Phcenicopterus, 73. rubecula, Erithacus, 62. rubicola, Pratincola, 17. rubricunda, Ardea, 47,

, Mathewsia, 47.

rufa, Climacteris, 16. rufescens, Linota, 70. ‘ruficapilla, Sylviella, 10. rustica, Hirundo, 70. rusticula, Scolopax, 69.

sacer, Halcyon, 103. saturatus, Ammomanes, 46, Scolopax rusticula, 69, scotica, Loxia, 59-61. scoticus, Lagopus, 55-57. seebohmi, Calandrella, 13. seth-smithi, Guttera, 14, sheppardi, Cinnyris, 6. simplex, Sylvia, 74.

Sitta csesia, 70.

whiteheadi, 5, 75. sloetii, Campocheera, 104. solitarius, Calliptilus, 102, 103. somalica, Prinia, 7. Somateria mollis:ima, 40. splendens, Pyrrhulopsis, 102, 103. squamatus, Mereus, 77, 78. stalkeri, Columba, 104. e Sterna fluviatilis, 69, Stizorhina grandis, 30. vulpina, 30.

striatus, Amytornis, 48.

, Diaphorillas, 100. Strix flammea, 51. subalaris, Amblyornis, 13. Sula bassana, 57. superciliosus, Anas, 102.

, Pomatostomus, 87. Sylvia atricapilla, 49. curruea, 17,

nisoria, 16.

simplex, 74.

Sylviella chubbi, 10.

lowei, 105.

—— micrura, 105.

111 [ Vol. xxvii.

Sylviella ruficapilla, 10. Syrnium aluco, 58.

tamucoensis, Upucerthia, 101, tarda, Otis, 73.

Tarsiger elgonensis, 57. orientalis, 57. tasmanica, Coracina, 100. Tetrao tetrix, 79-82. tetrix, Lyrurus, 54.

, Letrao, 79-82.

tonsa, Diaphorophyia, 86. torda, Alca, 72.

torquata, Antigone, 47. torquatus, Phasianus, 54. tregellasi, Artamus, 100. tridactyla, Rissa, 72. troiie, Uria, 48, 72. Trypanocorax frugilegus, 29. Turdus merula, 72.

—— musicns, 17, 70.

—— jolene), 1510)

viscivorus, 50, 70. tyrrhenicus, Aigithalus, 39.

Upucerthia dumetoria, 101. tamucoensis, 101, Uria troile, 48, 72.

Vanellus vanellus, 69. venustus, Platycercus, 28. viridanus, Phylloscopus, 16. viridipectus, Nasiterna, 45. viridis, Merops, 11, 12. Viridissimus, Merops, 11, 12. viscivorus, Turdus, 50, 70. vulpina, Stizorhina, 30. Vultur monachus, 73.

wardelli, Piezorhynchus, 99. wellsi, Piezorhynchus, 105. whitakeri, Ammomanes, 46. whiteheadi, Sitta, 5, 75. wilhelminz, Aprosmictus, 83.

Xanthomelus ardens, 66. aureus, 67.

- Zenobia, Cinnyris, 12. zonurus, Ptilopus, 84.

Printed by Taynor and Francts, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street.

OF THE

- ORNITHOLOGISIS’ CLUB.

EDITED BY

W. RB. OGILVIE-GRANT.

TH. coMM sme APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH

ae Scene aie,

ee « atnsonian /

sexs sie a

BULLETIN

OF THE

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS CLUB.

EDITED BY

NV OGILVIE-G IRAN T:

VOLUME XXVIII.

REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER TE SED ETNIES EN THE SPRENG OF 1970:

ALSO NOTES ON THE MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS AND RECORDS RECEIVED FROM LIGHTHOUSES AND LIGHT-VESSELS DURING THE AUTUMN OF 1909.

BY THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB.

TAO UN OF ING: WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN.

AUGUST 1911.

ALERE FLAMMAM.

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,

RED LION COURT FLEET STREET.

ae

CONTENTS

PAGE

INTRODUCTORY AC Ne be ue Be see Teo)

WEATHER-REPORT FOR THE PERIOD COVERED BY THE SPRING- ImMiGRATION of 1910... sit oe sen ah Pee cetlies

Dairy DETAILS OF WEATHER-CONDITIONS, WITH THE CORRE- SPONDING ARRIVALS OF THE SUMMER-RESIDENTS ... Tee a

REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF :— THe Rinc-OuzEeL Has He eee ne wie son 2

Tur WHRATEAR ae ae a Ded ae ean WHOPX son gh ave my ee <a oe soo AE

THe WHINCHAT ... eae ea: ae ae ee See ol Map ... ae 493 eu we Ke ane ee OZ

THE REDSTART ... Be Nat ee abs ae soe, OD Map ... ae a io bk ee are see OO

Tur NIGHTINGALE eee ee a a aeh ae, OD) Map ... ve ae ns was whe aud Se oLOU)

THE WHITETHROAT Seis a ae 568 ae ane | (OB Map... es pod doe ab ae Bu ». 64

THE LessER WHITETHROAT ... eae ae Ren | ee) Maps. te a ne ae ee Bae a5 OS)

THE BLACKCAP ... ae one wie Pd ie vet tft Map ... as bee A Re in sie Asie

4 REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF (continued) :—

THE GARDEN- WARBLER Ake ae Roe xa alse glo Map ... a EA Nae a ae wee acne

Tur GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER ... ame ae ahr eae 7/9) Map 3.. see mt ee ose ae one Be is) ,

THE CHIFFCHAFF or at ee Ane ae Bhs) (teil Map ... see aa a nee Fe see seal 102

THE WILLOW-WARBLER Ay Ta we ae eet Map ... aie ee se a ax Se Reel:

THE Woop-WARBLER ... BA mts a as Cees Tur REED-WaARBLER ... Rae 5 hi ya ae soo OS

THE SEDGE-WARBLER ... lee tee vac aie sao Map ... . see Mer ae oe ae eS

Tur WHITE WAGTAIL... ze ie ee a son KO

THE YELLOW WaGTAIL a fee mie ae peel Oe Map ... ale ba bh ne Ne a .. 104

Tue TREE-PIPIT... Boe zee ake ee ae Oz | NUGTD se We ne 5 sa coe a ... 108 |

Tur RED-BACKED SHRIKE ried ie - os soo LILI Tue Sporrep FLYCATCHER .... rae ee aoe seo US Tur Prep FLYCATCHER... sat Beet fe a ae LS |

THE SwaLLow ... ee she es Bo Sn Meet! LLG Map :.. ais ee ae ae cae as ao ESRD

Tux Hovusk-MartTIn ... sae vat aye rts? Oca LO, Map ... ae se ae ie ae ime alae

THE SAND-MARTIN as Bs, a Sa wake pay 219) Map ... < aise whe sits aan ab pee)

THE SwIFT wu ae anh ao ne AS san USTs} Map ... a oe as my, be we .. 134

THe NIGHTIAR ... ai ree a, fen wer 388

4)

REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF (continued) :—

Tur WRYNECK Map

THE Cuckoo

Map

THE TurtLEe-Dove Map

THE Lanp-Rat ... ae ae

THE ComMoN SANDPIPER

THE Common TERN

THE LitrLe TERN

UNSCHEDULED Birps

DETAILS OF THE CaIEF MOVEMENTS OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT- STATIONS DURING THE SPRING oF 1910 ae os aes

Norrs on THE Miagratrory MOVEMENTS DURING THE AUTUMN Oia HSNO) © oes 5. nae ihe ae fat ere

DETAILS OF THE CHIEF MOVEMENTS OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT- SraTIONS DURING THE AUTUMN oF 1909

List OF OBSERVERS, ETC.

List oF LiGHT-STATIONS ... oe fa

PREFACE.

Tue twenty-eighth volume of the British Ornithologists’ Club contains the Report of our Migration Committee on the movements in England and Wales of a number of common migratory species during the autumn of 1909 and the spring and early summer of 1910. It does not differ in any essential from that of the previous year, but the autumn records have in many cases been condensed, so as to shorten the Report, which was becoming yearly more voluminous.

The Members of our Migration Committee are jointly responsible for the following Report.

(Signed) W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT, Editor. BririsH Musrum (Naturat History),

Lonpon, 8.W. 11th August, 1911.

ae

Rs rOR

ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER-RESIDENTS IN THE SPRING OF 1910.

INTRODUCTORY.

Tuts Report, which covers the autumn migration of 1909 and the spring migration of 1910, is drawn up on similar lines to the five Reports previously issued, so as to facilitate comparisons between the different years when the investiga- tions have been brought to a conclusion. The Committee regret that they have lost the assistance of Commander H. Lynes, R.N., who has been transferred to the China Station.

In a notice of last year’s Report (cf. ‘ Nature,’ March 9th, 1910), the reviewer seemed to think that as the reports of past years showed very minor differences in the arrival of the various species, there was but little use in continuing the investigations on the present lines, and that, in any case, our present methods were unlikely to add much to what was already known as to the real cause and manner in which migration was carried on. He suggested that in order to obtain better results we should extend our opera- tions and work in conjunction with continental observers, and that a systematic ‘ringing’ of the birds at the light-stations would probably produce good results. As others may perhaps hold similar views, we may again point out that when these investigations were first undertaken it was decided that they should be carried on over a period of ten years before any attempt was made to generalize, or draw deductions from the facts collected.

With regard to co-operating with our continental neigh- bours, we may say that we are in communication with several observers who are studying the subject abroad and that

B

10

we receive their publications. Further, that an attempt has . been made to work the north coast of France and Belgium by means of a chain of recorders in those countries, but has had to be abandoned owing to a lack of competent observers able to devote the necessary time to the work. As regards the ‘ringing’ of birds at the lights, the same idea had occurred to us, and we quite think that such a method might*he produc- tive of many definite results, but, unfortunately, it is quite impracticable. We owe much to the courtesy of the Hlder Brethren for allowing their keepers to fill in our schedules, but the latter could not be expected to ‘ring’ birds, nor is it to be expected that the authorities would allow unofficial observers to remain at the lights during the migration-season.

The arrival of our summer-migrants commenced on the 5th of March, but during that month migration proceeded very slowly. Except in the case of a few species, the immigration did not begin until the 2nd of April and con- tinued until the 23rd of May. After that date there was very little movement, although a few species were unusually late, notably the Spotted Flycatcher, the main body of which did not arrive until June, while in some places Sedge-Warblers had not reached their breeding-haunts by the 13th of May.

The larger waves of migration were not very clearly marked, but there were smaller ones on the 12th and 13th of April and on the 15th of May. The largest movement occurred on the 2nd of May, when no less than 25 species arrived simultaneously on our coasts.

The immigration of the Wheatear (including both races) extended over a longer period than that taken by any other species, the first arrivals being observed on the 6th of March and the last on the 19th of May. Other species occupying a prolonged period were the Willow-Warbler (the 19th of March to the 19th of May) and the Whinchat (the 26th of March to the 23rd of May), while the shortest time seems to have been taken by the Wood-Warbler (the 11th of April to the 6th of May). The average length of the arrival period for 1910 was about five or six weeks.

it

Owing toa scarcity of observers in the west, the exact area of arrival of some species was rather difficult to determine. The Terns, which arrived on the east and west coasts simul~ taneously, have been assigned to no particular route, and in the case of the Common Sandpiper a lack of definite data has obliged us to adopt a similar course. The migrations of three species, viz. the Ring-Ouzel, Pied Flycatcher and White Wagtail, offered difficulties, as they did not always seem to follow the same course, some taking place on the western part of the south coast and others on the eastern. Many individuals of these species undoubtedly arrived by the route under which they have been placed, but it is possible that a few may also have reached our shores by another course. Tn the case of two or three species which arrived along the ° whole of the south coast, it has been dificult to ascertain whether they came in first from the east or from the west. They have been placed under those routes which a careful examination of the evidence seemed to favour, but have been marked with an asterisk to imply that there was some doubt on that point.

A. Species arriving solely on the western half of the south coast.

Ring-Ouzel, Pied Flycatcher, Land-Rail.

B. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on its western half. Wheatear, Redstart, Common Whitethroat, Garden- Warbler, Chiftchaff, Willow-Warbler, Spotted Fly- catcher, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift.

C. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on its eastern half, Whinchat, Lesser Whitethroat*, Blackcap, Grass- hopper- Warbler, Wood- Warbler *, Reed- Warbler, Sedge- Warbler *, Nightjar, Cuckoo.

D. Species arriving along the south-east coast, from Essex to Hampshire. Nightingale, White Wagtail, Yellow Wagtail, Tree- Pipit, Red-backed Shrike, Wryneck, Turtle-Dove.

B2

D2

The records received during the autumn of 1909, although not quite so voluminous as those of the previous year, have offered considerable difficulties in the way of condensation. The Committee quite realized that their reports were be- coming too cumbersome and perhaps too detailed. A considerable effort has therefore been made to shorten the sections dealing with that period, and wherever the facts were sufficiently full to indicate definite movements these have been shortly outlined and the detailed records largely omitted. In a number of species this has been found to be impossible, and the Committee have therefore thought it best to adhere to the plan already adopted and publish the records themselves.

Our thanks are due to Miss Rintoul and Miss Baxter for their notes from the Isle of May, to Staff-Surgeon K. H. Jones, R.N., for some valuable observations made at sea on H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ to the Master and Elder Brethren of Trinity House and to all observers and lightkeepers for their kind co-operation, without which our investigations would be impossible. Notes from other published sources have also been carefully read and their facts incorporated with our own.

F. G. Penrosz, Chairman.

J. L. Bonnore.

W. R. Oaitvir-Grant, Editor. C. B. Rickert.

W. L. Scuater.

C. B. Ticknurst.

N. F. Ticenurst, Secretary.

13

WEATHER-RHEPORT

FOR THE

PERIOD COVERED BY THE SPRING-IMMIGRATION OF 1910.

Tue weather-reports are abstracted from the weekly returns of the Meteorological Office, and include the conditions prevailing between

Parallels of Latitude 40° N. and 60° N., * Longitude 10° E. and 10° W.

Special attention has been paid to the conditions observed over the north coast of Spain, the Bay of Biscay, the coast of France bounding the Bay, the English Channel, and our southern shores. On the first line opposite the date isa record of the height of the barometer, the direction and force of the wind, the temperature and the weather-conditions prevailing at 9 A.M. on each day, about twenty miles inland from the southern coast of the western extremity of Hampshire.

The weather-conditions will be much more readily under- stood if the meteorological maps are themselves consulted.

Summary of Weather-Conditions.

Marcu.—The month was unusually free from strong winds and there was an exceptional amount of bright and dry weather. Fog was prevalent between the 4th and the 8th, on the 19th and 20th and on the closing days. There was aiso a good deal of fog along the east coast from the 28rd to the 26th.

Aprit.—The weather was generally unsettled and very cheerless, owing to a series of low pressure systems crossing our area; there was a good deal of rain and much mist and fog.

May.—During the first three weeks the weather was coid, inclement and rainy. The fourth week was fine, but with much mist and fog along the coast.

March Ist

March 2nd

March 3rd

March 4th

bile) fa aerieneiie

a a

piaiiiel ole) alve

ore erree

14

Bar. 300 in. Wind W. Temp. 88° F. Weather fine. | Barometer anticyclonic over the Iberian peninsula, but cyclonic between Iceland and Ireland. | Winds moderate or strong from N.W. over the Bay of Biscay and from W. over the English Channel. Temperature about 40° over the Bay and Channel, but colder in the S.E. of England. Weather fine generally.

| Bar. 80-0 in. Wind S.S.E., strong. Temp. 46° F.

| Weather fine.

| Barometer inclined to rise, as the anticyclone

| over Spain had travelled north-eastwards and

| the Icelandic depression was practically stationary. Winds strong from the south over our area generally. Temp. under 40° F. along north coast of Spain, but very warm over the English Channel and adjacent coasts, as high as 49° at Brest and above 40° over nearly the whole of these Islands. Weather fine generally, but misty off the French coast at the mouth of the Channel.

Bar. 80-0 in. Wind S.E., strong. Temp. 46° F. Weather fine.

Barometer inclined to fall over the Bay of Biscay,

| France and the south of England. Winds strong from S. or S.E. Temp. remaining warm. Weather fine.

| Bar. 29:9 in. Wind E., light. Temp. 43° F, | Weather fine.

Barometer fallen, but still mainly anticyclonic. | Winds moderate from S. or S.E, Temp. fallen | generally over these islands, but still high along | the south coast. About 50° F. along the north | coast of Spain ; 40° F. along the coasts of the English Channel; 47° F. at the Scilly Islands | and freland. Misty along the shores of the

English Channel,

March 5th ..

March 6th ..

B. Wheatear.

B. Chiffchaff.

Chiffchaff.

March 7th .. B. Chiffchaff.

March 8th ..

B. Wheatear.

March 9th ..

March 10th

OHO DOD

eo ees ee

15

Bar. 29°8 in. Wind S.E., moderate. Temp. 47° F. Weather fine.

Barometer, a shallow depression with centre of 29°77 in. over the Bay of Biscay. Wind W., © strong at Corunna, moderate or strong from S. or $.E. elsewhere. Temp. ranging from about 50° I*. over the north of Spain to 40° F. over England generally. Weavher overcast, with some mist about the Straits of Dover and the Mouth of the Thames, otherwise fine.

Bar. 29°9 in. Wind S.E., strong. Temp. 46° F. Weather, drizzle.

Barometer risen slightly. Wainds moderate or strong from round the 8. point. Temp. 50° F. along the N. coast of Spain; risen to 46° F. over southern England. Weather overcast.

Bar. 30:0 in. Wind W., moderate. Temp. 46° F. Weather misty.

Barometer risen slightly. Wind mainly southerly over Spain, France and our Islands, moderate or light in force. Temp. remaining the same, Weather foggy at Corunna, fine or overcast elsewhere.

Bar. 29:9 in. Wind S.W., light. Temp. 46° F. Weather misty.

Barometer fallen slightly, due to the influence of a depression far out in the Atlantic. Moderate winds from the south over our area. Temp. slightly warmer. Weather rainy or overcast.

Bar. 298 in. Wind S.W., light, Temp. 48° F. Weather overcast. ;

Barometer fallen slightly, owing to the approach of an Atlantic depression, Wind moderate or strong from S.orS.W. Temp. slightly warmer. Weather overcast generally, with rain at Ushant.

Bar. 29°7 in. Wind W., calm. Temp. 43° F, ‘Weather overcast and misty.

Barometer: the depression from the Atlantic bas

| reached these Islands, with its centre over the

Wiel WIA sacacc

NWarchwil2 thinset

Wirraa Wd Sono be B. Chiffehaff.

Nance helt) aeeieee

B. Wheatear. D, White Wagtail. Wry neck.

16

north of Scotland. Winds moderate or strong, circulating cyclonically round the centre and so from some south-westerly or southerly point over the greater part of our area. Weather overcast. Temp. from 40° F. to 45° F. over the greater part of our area.

_ Bar. 29°8 in. Wind N.E., calm. Temp. 47° F. Clear.

Barometer: a small depression over the S.W. of France and another over the northern part of the North Sea. Winds moderate, circulating cyclonically round the depression over 8.W. France and northerly over the greater part of our area, including these Islands, but with a S.W. gale on the 8.W. coast of Norway and the west of Denmark. Temp. lower generally, about 40° I. Weather overcast, with rain along the French ccast of the Bay of Biscay.

Bar. 29°8 in. Wind N.E., strong. Temp. 40° F. | Weather overcast. Barometer: a depression with its centre over the | Channel Islands, and moderate or strong winds | circulating cyclonically round it. Weather overcast or rainy. Temp. decidedly colder,

| Bar. 80:0 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Temp. | 41° F. Weather fine.

Barometer: the depression had passed north- | eastwards with a rising barometer in the south and west of our area. Winds between N. and N.W. over these Islands, as well as at Brest and at Cape Finisterre, but southerly along the French shore of the Bay of Biscay. Temp. about the same. Weather fine generally.

| Bar. 80°05 in. Wind N., calm. Temp. 86° F, Weather fine.

Barometer: a very shallow depression forming to the south of Iveland. Winds moderate from the S. or S.W. over these islands, but from the N. over the Channel Islands, from the S.E. at Brest, and from the N. over the rest of the coasts of the Bay of Biscay. Temp. colder,

March 15th

March 16th

March 17th B. Wheatear.

oz ee oe

17

Weather fine generally, but rain at Biarritz and overcast along the north coast of Spain.

Bar. 30°07 in. Wind very light,S.S.W. Weather fine.

Barometer: the shallow depression had dispersed, and a V-shaped high-pressure system had spread in from the Atlantic, affecting the greater part of our area. Winds light, from the N. or N.E. Temp. low. Weather fine generally, but fog at Cape Finisterre and rain at Biarritz.

Bar. 301 in. Wind E., moderate. Weather

fine.

Barometer anticyclonic off the opening of the Knglish Channel, and a large depression with its centre to the north of the Faroe Islands, which influenced the wind and weather of the northern half of these Islands, the rest of our area being under the influence of the above- mentioned high-pressure system. Winds moderate, circulating anticyclonically over the Bay of Biscay and English Channel area; moderate or strong from the south over the North Sea and Scotland. Temp. low. Weather fine generally, but with mist along the western coast of Brittany.

Bar. 29°88 in. Wind N.W., strong. Weather

fair.

Barometer: the large depression had travelled eastwards, its centre being over the W. of Norway, with steep gradients. Strong winds circulating cyclonically round this centre, as far south as the Hnglish Channel; barometer fairly high over the southern half of the Bay of Biscay and the north of Spain, with light northerly airs. Weather: fog at Cape Finis- terre, but fine along the French coast of the Bay, overcast or showery along both shores of the Enelish Channel. Temp. 47° F. at the Scilly Islands, 42° F. at Cape Finisterre, and 46° F. along southern England, but under 40° F. over the greater part of France.

March 18th

March 19th ..2... B. Willow-Warbler. |

March 20th

33. Wheatear. D. White Wagtail.

March 2Ist .

B. Chiffchaff. Sand-Martin.

ween

18

Bar. 29-7 in. settled. Barometer: the northern depression, with its centre over Finland, was still influencing the winds over the greater part of our area, but the conditions over the west of Ireland and the north-west of Spain were under the influence of a high-pressure system in the Atlantic, which during the day approached nearer to Ireland. Strong northerly winds over the greater part of our area, Temp. cooler over England gene- rally, but warmer in France, remaining about the same over the English Channel, Bay of Biscay, and adjacent coasts. Weather: fog at Cape Finisterre and at Bordeaux, rain along the southern shore of the English Channel, very unsettled over these Islands, with snow-

showers.

Wind N., strong. Weather un- ~

Bar. 30:0 in. Wind N.E., strong. but unsettled.

Barometer: our area was dominated by the bigh- pressure system with its centre still to the west of Spain and Ireland. Strong winds from some northerly point over the whole of our area.

Weather overcast generally,

Weather fair,

Temp. colder. but fine at Brest.

Bar. 80'l in. Wind N.W., calm. Cloudy.

Barometer: the whole of our area under the in- fluence of the high-pressure system, with calm or light airs from some northerly point. Temp. cold over the eastern half of our area, with readings about 52° F., over the western half of our area readings about 45° F. Weather: a tendency to mist along our southern coast.

Bar. 80°'l in. Wind N.W., calm. Cloudy.

Conditions generally the same as on the previous day, misty along both shores of the North Sea; the mist along our southern coast had dispersed,

19

March 22nd <0... ‘Bar. 803 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather preys : fine. D. White Wagtail. | - | Barometer: the anticyclone controlled the weather over our area, with light or strong breezes from some northerly point. Temp. re- maining about the same. Weather fine gene-

rally, misty at Cape Finisterre.

March 23rd ...... Bar. 30-4 in. Wind N.E., calm. Weather fine, ; but hazy.

B. Chiffehaff. y mates ae oe ; ' Barometer very high, 30°6 in. over Ireland.

Sand-Martin. ot : Winds moderate or strong. Temp, colder over England. Weather dry, but with mist, fog, or haze along the south coast and in the centre

|

| of England. Manche 24th "2 52%,.: | Bar. 30-4 in. Wind N.E., calm. Weather : | recast ee Ono overcast. co tae Barometer; the centre of the anticyclone 30°5 in, B. Wheatear. : ‘ cn : Go tChhelos over England. Winds light, circulating anti- j eyclonically. Temp. risen, but still from 40° F. to 45° F. Weather fine and dry generally, but with fog and mist along our southern and eastern shores and at Cape Finisterre. Manche atin a. as Bar. 30°3 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather B. Chiffchaff. Overcast:

Barometer remaining high, and other conditions the same as on the previous day, but rather warmer and with less fog and mist.

March 26th’)... 2)... Bar. 3802 in. Wind S.E., light. Weather B. Chiffchaff. IN EES ; Ceuhinchat Barometer: the centre of the anticyclone had De Vellore acta moved slightly eastwards to the west of Den- mak. Wind, light airs circulating anticycloni- eally round this centre. Temp. lower, about 40° F. Weather fine over the Bay, overcast elsewhere ; misty over Ireland. Moarche2 (thes. a te Bar. 30°2 in. Wind S.E., light. Weather fine but hazy. . Wheatear. aS : : sa . ina Barometer still anticyclonic. General conditions ete Te, the same as on the previous day, but with a Willow- Warbler. z ©. Whinchat good deal of mist and fog along both shores of

the North Sea and the English Channel,

March 28th

B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler.

House-Martin. C. Whinchat. D. Wryneck.

March 29th

B. Redstart. C. Whinchat. Blackeap.

March 80th

A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Chiffchatf.

March 31st

0) (aie (evoige

B. Redstart. D. Turtle-Dove.

April 1st

Oo Dp Ooo

20

Bar. 80°2 in. Wind W., calm. Weather fine, but hazy.

Barometer above 30:3 in.; an anticyclone over these Islands. Winds light, circulating round the centre. Temp. slightly colder over these Islands. Weather fair, but with fog and mist at Cape Finisterre and Ushant and along our southern coast.

Bar. 30°4 in. Wind N.E., light. Weather fine.

Conditions much the same as the previous day, but the mist along the coast of Brittany and along our southern shores had disappeared ; still forgy at Cape Finisterre.

Bar. 80'4 in. Wind N.E., light. Weather fine, hazy.

Barometer: the centre of the anticyclone over the south of Scandinavia. Moderate light winds from the N.E. over the greater part of our area, Temp. risen over the west and north of these Islands, fallen somewhat elsewhere. Weather fine generally, with fog at Cape Finisterre.

Bar. 80'4 in. Wind N.E., strong. Weather fine.

Barometer: conditions still governed by the anti- cyclone extending from the south-west of these Islands to Finland. Winds from the N.E. over the greater part of our area, but southerly over Treland and Scotland. Temp. fallen. Weather overcast or fine ; no mist recorded.

| Bar. 30°3 in. Temp. 43° F. Wind N.E., strong.

Weather fine.

Barometer anticyclonic, with centre over these Islands, the North Sea and Scandinavia. Wind circulating anticyclonically round this centre and strong from the N.E. over the greater part of our area. Temp. about 40°F, Weather fine, but with fog at Cape Tinisterre and along the north coast of Ireland.

PATO ULL ee Claeys are B. Chiffchaff.

Willow-W arbler.

Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin. C. Whinchat. Sedge- Warbler.

Common Tern.

/ Nfl SiGe Tops bcs |

B. Wheatear. Chiffchatf.

Willow-Warbler. |

Sand-Martin. C. Whinchat. Blackeap. D. Wryneck.

Common Tern.

omilesthiy la

A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff.

Willow- Warbler. |

House-Martin. C. Whinchat. Cuckoo. ~ D. Wryneck.

Nom Gils ooeoqness

B. Wheatear. Chiffchaff.

C. Blackcap.

D. Nightingale.

yak

Bar. 30-1in. Temp. 45° F. Wind N.E., mode- rate. Weather fine.

| Barometer: the anticyclone passing eastwards with a shallow irregular depression in its wake. Wind strong to moderate from some point between E. and N. over the Bay and its shores, the English Channel and the south of England, from some southerly point over the rest of Great Britain and the North Sea. Temp. a little colder. Weather fine generally, but with snow at Biarritz.

Bar. 298 in. Temp. 43° F. Wind N.E., calm.

| Weather fine.

_ Barometer, a depression with its centre over

| France. Strong winds from the north all over our area. Temp. fallen. Weather overcast at

| Corunna and Brest, fair along our south coast.

| Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 42° F. Wind N.E,, strong. Weather unsettled.

Barometer, about the same. Moderate or strong winds from the north excepting at Cape Finisterre, where there was a strong westerly breeze. Temp. risen. Weather rainy, with - mist at Cherbourg and the Channel Islands, also at Brest.

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 41° F. Wind S.E. Calm,

rain.

_ Barometer, the depression had shifted over to the | English side of the North Sea. Winds strong, circulating cyclonically round this centre. Temp. risen slightly. Weather rainy, with much mist at Brest, the Channel Islands, English Channel, North Sea, and along our south coast.

Cann OMOr OOO

April 6th

B. Wheatear. Chiftchaff.

Willow- W arbler.

C. Blackcap.

April 7th

A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Chiffchatf.

Willow-Warbler.

Swallow. C. Biackcap.

Common Sand- piper.

April 8th

A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Chiffchatf,

Willow-Warbler.

Sand- Martin. D. Wryneck.

‘Vom Ouliig geen ssa oc

A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear.

Chiffchaff. Sand-Martin. C. Cuckoo. J), Nightingale. Wryneck.

Common Sand- piper.

| Bar.

22

PIS» rhek Wind Weather misty.

Barometer, still cyclonic, with a secondary (29:8in.) depression at the mouth of the Iinglish Channel. Winds variable from the 8S. W. at Cape Finisterre, calm at Brest, N.W. at the Scilly Islands, and N.E. in the English Channel and the North Sea. Temp. about the same generally, but warmer along the north coast of Spain. Weather overcast generally, with rain and mist along

Temp:. 40°F; N.E-

our south coast.

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp. 42°F. Wind N.E., mode- rate. Weather rainy.

Barometer, a shallow depression off the S.W. of England. Winds moderate, circulating cycloni- cally round this centre. Temp. about the same. Weather cloudy, with mist at Bordeaux and

along the north and west coasts of Ireland.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 45° F. Weather cloudy.

Barometer risen slightly. Winds strong from the south at Cape Finisterre ; at Brest moderate from the east, and from the north for the rest

Temp. warmer over the Bay of

Wind N.E., light.

of our area. Biscay ; rather colder over England. Weather rainy along the north coast of France; some mist along the south coast of Ireland, fine elsewhere.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 46° F. Wind N.E., ght. Weather fine.

Barometer, an anticyclone with its centre over the mouth of the Channel and the Bay. Winds moderate or strong from the N.W. Weather: overcast at Cape Finisterre, rain at Biarritz, mist at the Scilly Islands and Ireland, fair elsewhere.

April LOG ois 5. «

A. Ring-Ouzel,

B. Wheatear Whitethroat. Chiffchatf. Willow- Warbler. Swallow.

' Sand-Martin.

D. Yellow Wagtail.

Wryneck.

Common Tern. Little Tern.

orileUlth 0... 5...

A. Ring-Ouzel. Pied Flycatcher.

B. Wheatear. Whitethroat. Chiffchaff. W illow- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin.

C. Whinchat. Blackeap. W ood- Warbler. Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale. Yellow Wagtail. Tree-Pipit.

Common Tern. Little Tern.

April 12th

A, Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Redstart. W hitethroat. Chiffchaff. Willow- Warbler.

} me | Bar. 29°5 in.

ZS

Bar. 30-0 in. Temp. 50° F, Wind N.W., light.

Weather fair.

Barometer, about the same. Winds from the east or north-east, moderate, over the Bay of Biscay ; from the west over the English Channel and our south coast. Temp. rather warmer. Weatber: fog at Corunna, fair at Brest, and misty along the south coast of Ireland.

|

Bar. 29°9 in. Temp. 51°F. Wind 8.FE., mode- rate. Weather fair.

Barometer, a depression with its centre off the north coast of Scotland. Winds moderate, from some southerly point over our area generally, but E. at Corunna. Temp. warmer. Weather, misty over Brittany and the south coast of Ireland, fair elsewhere.

| | |

Temp. 51° F. Wind 8.E., strong. Weather unsettled.

| Barometer, the depression in the north of Scotland

had extended over these Islands with its centre 29:2 in. over St. George’s Channel. Winds from the south moderate. Temp. warmer. Weather: much mist at the Scilly Islands and off the

south coast of Ireland, unsettled elsewhere.

April 12th (con.).

B. S wallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

C. Blackcap. Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale.

White Wagtail. Yellow Wagtail.

Tree-Pipit.

Common Sand-

piper. Common Tern.

April US thee cae |

A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear. Redstart.

Garden- Warbler.

Chiffchaff.

Willow- Warbler.

Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

CG. Whinchat. Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap. Wryneck.

10).

—

Tree-Pipit. .

Common Tern.

April 14th ......--

B. Redstart. Whitethroat. Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler. |

Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

Yellow Wagtail.

Bar. 29:1 in. Temp. 51° F. Wind 8.E., strong. Weather unsettled.

Barometer, the depression the same as yesterday, with strong winds circulating cyclonically. Temp. very warm, 60°F. at Biarritz and at Brest, and 50° F. over the English Channel, the North Sea, and the south of England generally. Weather rainy, unsettled, with mist at Brest.

Bar. 29°2 in. Temp. 47°F, Wind S.E., calm. | Weather unsettled.

_ Barometer, the depression had passed N.E. with its centre over the Shetland Islands and with another centre off the S.W. of Ireland, Winds

| light or strong, circulating cyclonically round

| these centres. Temp, fallen. Weather over- cast,

bo (Sx

April 14th (con.). C. Whinchat. |

Cuckoo. | D. Tree-Pipit. Wryneck. April 15th ..... -+. |Bar. 292 in. Temp. 49°F. Wind south, light. B. Wheatear. Weather fair. Redstart. Barometer, the depression as on the previous day. Whitethroat. Wind ditto. Temp. ditto. Weather rainy along Chiffchaff. the coasts of the Bay and the English Channel. Willow- Warbler. Swallow.

House-Martin.

C. Whinchat. Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap. Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale. - Tree-Pipit. Wryneck.

Syomil Gas Seog dee Bar. 29°3 in. Temp. 50°F. Wind E., light. Weather unsettled. iby Nausea Barometer, the depression the same as on the

es previous day. Winds circulating cyclonically See round it, Temp. rather warmer. Weather fine eae ‘| at Corunna, rainy at Biarritz, overcast or rainy

over the western portion of the English Channel and its adjacent coasts, but fine about the Straits of Dover and the adjacent shores.

House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

C. Whinchat. Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap. Sedge-Warbler. Wood- Warbler.

D. White Wagtail. Yellow Wagtail.

Common Sand- - piper.

April 17th

A. Pied Flycatcher. B. Wheatear.

April 18th AN

B.

we

—

April 19th ........ A

. Whinchat. |

W illow-Warbler. |

C.

D.

Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Chiffchaff. Willow-Warbler. Spotted Fly- catcher. Swallow. House-Martin.

Blackeap. “W ood- Warbler. Reed-Warbler.

Little Tern.

Ring-Ouzel. Land-Rail, Wheatear. Redstart.

W hitethroat. Chiffchaff.

Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin. W hinchat. Blackcap. Nightingale. Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand- piper.

Common ‘T'ern.

Little Tern.

Ring-Ouzel. Land-Rail.

| Bar. 29°8 in.

Bar. 300 in.

26

Temp.45° F. Wind N.W., strong. Weather unsettled.

Barometer risen, due to an area of high pressure to the 8.W., but there was a depression off the west coast of Ireland. Winds: strong from the W. at Corunna, moderate from the S. at Biarritz, and moderate or strong from some north-westerly point over the rest of our area. Temp. about the same. Weather: fog at Corunna, fine generally elsewhere, but some mist along the coasts and in the North Sea.

Bar. 29-9 in. Weather rainy.

Barometer, the depression off the west of Ireland had passed north-eastwards, with its centre to the north of Scotland. Winds strong from some westerly point over our area. Weather over- cast, rain or mist.

Temp. 48° F. Wind 8.W.

Temp. 54° F, Weather overcast.

Wind W., strong.

Barometer, an anticyclone with its centre 30°5 in.

2h April 19th (con.). _ over the Bay of Biscay. Winds, calm to strong B. Wheatear. meee: ae Temp. ne warm. Weather, Redstart. much mist or fog everywhere. Chiffchaff. | Willow-Warbler. | : Swallow.

|

House-Martin. | C, Blackcap. | Grasshopper- Warbler. Cuckoo. Tree-Pipit. Wryneck. Turtle-Dove.

Jssyormll 2200 0 ee olor cles | Bar.30:-lin. Temp. 55°F. Wind W., moderate.

A. Ring-Ouzel. Weather overcast. Tail: Barometer and winds the same as on the previous eRWilcatoar day. Weather: fog at Corunna; rain at Biarritz; aiken fine at Brest; foggy at the Channel Islands ; Ohiffchaff. rainy or overcast along our south coast. Willow-Warbler. Swallow.

Sand-Martin. C. Whinchat. Blackcap. Cuckoo D. Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove.

Aol PAIS Bp ainisin Bar. 80°0 in. Temp. 57° F. Wind W., strong.

: Weather fair. A. Ring-Ouzel. eee ae he le B. Wheatear. Scene WLC CAODIE AS Os Foes previous Cay

with the centre over the Bay of Biscay. Winds

Redstart. E : 5 : Chiffehaff moderate to strong, circulating anticyclonically IE ee arhion round that centre. Weather: much fog and ee iow. mist generally.

| C. Whinchat. Blackeap.

Wood- Warbler.

Sedge- Warbler. D. Nightingale.

White Wagtail.

April 21st (con.).

D, Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-

piper.

NY ojull SPY Soooos

A. Ring-Ouzel.

Pied Flycatcher.

B. Wheatear. Redstart.

Garden- Warbler.

Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler.

Swallow. Whinchat. Blackcap._

Cr

Grasshopper-

Warbler.

Wood- Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. Nightingale. White Wagtail. Turtle-Dove.

10).

A

Common Sand-

piper.

April OBL sacoos

A, Ring-Ouzel. B. Redstart. Chiffchatt.

Willow-Warbler.

Swallow.

House-Martin.

Swift. C. Whinchat. Blackcap.

Grasshopper-

Warbler.

Wood-Warbler. Sedze- Warbler.

Cuckoo.

Bar. 29:9 in, Temp. 50°F. Wind N.W., light. Weather fine.

Barometer the same as yesterday, with] strong winds from the N.W. Temp. about the same. Weather: mist or rain,

| Bar. 29°93 in. Temp. 45° F. Wind south, light. Weather dull.

Barometer fallen slightly. Winds still circu- lating anticyclonically as on the previous day. Temp. fallen slightly. Weather fair generally, but with mist and thunder-storms oyer East Anglia,

April 23rd (con.).

D. Yellow Wagtail. Turtle-Dove.

Joye 527 ce ee

A. Ring-Ouzel.

B. Garden- Warbler. Chiffchaff. Willow- Warbler. Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin. Switt.

. Whinchat. Blackcap. Grasshopper-

Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. D. Yellow Wagtail.

PAO TN Sl. 2 xs 3

A. Ring-Ouzel.

B. Wheatear. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Chiffchaff. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. Swift.

. Blackcap. Grasshopper-

Warbler. Cuckoo.

. Nightingale. Yellow Wagtail. Wryneck.

Common Sand-

Bar. 29°3 in. Temp. 50° F. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: a cyclonic disturbance with its centre over the N. of Scotland, 28:9 in. Strong winds circulating cyclonically round that centre. Temp. about the same. Weather rainy, with mist at Brest.

Wind W., strong.

Bar. 29°4 in. Temp. 47° F. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depression had passed north- eastwards. Strong winds, mostly from some westerly point over the whole area. Temp. about the same. Weather changeable, with rain or hail along our south-west coast.

Wind W., strong.

piper.

April 26 th

A. Pied Flycatcher. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear. Willow-Warbler. Swailow. Sand-Martin.

C, Grasshopper-

Warbler.

Common Sand-

piper. Common Tern.

April 27th

et CC

A. Pied Flycatcher. Land-Rail. Wheatear. Whitethroat. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. . Wood-Warbler. Nightjar.

B.

C

Cuckoo. . Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove.

a

—_

April 28th

A. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear. Redstart. W illow- Warbler. Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

Bar. 29°8 in.

C, Whinchat. Lesser White- throat. D. Yellow Wagtail. Turtle-Dove.

30

Bar. 29°6in. Temp. 45°F. Wind N.W., strong. Weather unsettled.

Barometer the same as yesterday. Winds gene- rally strong from some north-westerly point. Temp. fallen. Weather stormy, with rain and hail over our south coast and the English Channel, but fine at Brest, overcast elsewhere.

Bar. 30:0 in. ther fine.

Barometer had altered but slightly. Winds from some southerly or south-westerly point over the greater part of our area, but strong from the N.E, at Biarritz. Temp. about the same. Weather fine generally.

Temp. 51°F. Wind S.W. Wea-

Temp. 51° F. Wind 8.W., mode-

Weather unsettled.

Barometer influenced by a depression with its centre over the Faroe Islands, with strong winds from the west over our area. Temp. about the same generally, but warmer over the Bay of Biscay. Weather fine along the south ecast and in the English Channel, overcast, with mist or rain, elsewhere.

rate.

April 29th ........ |

A. Pied Flycatcher.

B.

Asal GLO SAS eee B.

Se

D.

. Whinchat.

. Grasshopper-

Land-Rail.

W heatear. Redstart. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

Lesser White- throat.

Reed-Warbler. Sedge-Warbler. | Cuckoo. |

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail. Red-backed | Shrike. |

Redstart. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

Warbler. Reed- Warbler. Sedge-Warbler. Cuckoo. Nightingale, Yellow Wagtail. Wryneck.

Common Tern.

31

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp.49° F. Wind N.W , strong Weather fair.

Barometer: a high-pressure area with its centre in the Atlantic to the west of the Bay of Biscay. Winds circulating anticyclonically round this centre and therefore from some north- erly point over our area. Temp. fallen slightly. Weather fair generally.

Bar. 30:2 in. Temp. 48° F. Wind N.W., light. Weather fair.

Barometer and winds the same as on the previous day. Temp. about the same. Weather fine generally, but with some mist between England and Holland and along the S.W. and N. coasts of Ireland.

May Ist ..........

A.

B.

A.

B.

Pied Flycatcher.

Land-Rail. Redstart. Whitethroat. Chiffchaff.

Willow-Warbler.

Spotted Fly-

catcher. Swallow. Sand-Martin. Swift.

.» Whinchat.

Lesser White- throat. Blackeap. Grasshopper- Warbler. W ood- Warbler. Reed- Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. Cuckoo.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail. Turtle-Dove.

Pied Flycatcher.

Land-Rail. Wheatear. Redstart. Whitethroat.

Garden- Warbler.

Chiffchaff.

Willow- Warbler.

Spotted Fly-

catcher. Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin. Swift.

©. Whinchat.

32

Bar. 30°2 in. Temp. 50° F. Wind N., light. Weather unsettled.

Barometer anticyclonic, as on the previous day. Strong winds from some northerly point over our area. Temp. warm. Weather fine.

Bar. 300 in. Temp. 55° F. Wind N.W., light. Weather unsettled.

Barometer and winds the same as on the previous day. Temp. about 50° F. Weather overcast and rainy, with fog at the Scilly Islands.

May 2nd (con.).

C.

D.

Lesser White- throat. Blackcap. Grasshopper- Warbler. W ood-Warbler. Reed- Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. Cuckoo. Nightingale. Yellow Wagtail.

Common Tern. Little Tern.

May onde sisniic che.

A. B.

Land-Rail. Wheatear. Redstart. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Chiffchaff. Willow-W arbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin. Swift.

. Whinchat.

Lesser White- throat. Blackcap. Grasshopper- Warbler. Reed- W arbler. Sedge- Warbler.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail. Wryneck.

Common Tern.

| |

Bar. 30'lin. Temp. 51°. Wind N.,light. Wea- ther fine.

Barometer still anticyclonic. Wind from some northerly point trom Spain to the middle of England; from some southerly point over the north of England, Scotland, and the north of Ireland, due to the influence of a depression between our Islands and Iceland. Temp. fallen slightly. Weather overcast generally, with mist at Brest, but fine along our south coast.

May 4th

eoreerecees

A. Land-Rail. B. Wheatear.

May 5th

Redstart. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Chiffchaff. Willow- Warbler. Swallow. Sand-Martin.

. Whinchat.

Lesser White- throat. Blackeap. Grasshopper- Warbler. Reed- Warbler. Sedge- Warbler.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail. Tree-Pipit. Wryneck.

Little Tern.

ee

‘A. Ring-Ouzel.

B.

Wheatear. Redstart. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Chittchaff. Willow- Warbler. Swallow. House-Martin. Sand-Martin.

. Whinchat.

Blackeap.

Grasshopver- Warbler.

Sedge-Warbler.

Cuckoo.

| } |

d4

Bar. 29°9 in. Temp. 47° F. Wind N., strong, Weather unsettled.

Barometer still anticyclonic. the north. Temp. much colder. showery, with mist, hail and rain.

Winds strovg from

Weather

Bar. 296 in. Temp. 45° F. Wind S.W., light. Weather rainy.

Barometer: a depression with its centre over the Faroe Islands. Winds generally strong from the west. Temp. fallen. Weather unsettled generally, fine at Corunna, rain at Brest, and rain or fog along the English Channel and adjacent shores,

May Sth (con.).

D. Nightingale. White Wagtail. Tree-Pipit. Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-

piper. Mieiy Gti ie hice ore Bar. 29°5 in. Temp. 51° F. Wind W., strong. B. Whitethroat. Weather fair. @hidchar Barometer: the depression to the north the same WiillomeVarhler. as before, but there was a V-shaped area of Sival iho, high pressure over the Bay of Biscay. Winds Seadlinera. circulating round these two centres mostly uaihindchat® from some westerly point over our area. ‘Temp. Grasshopper- low. Weather overcast, with much mist and Warbler. oe

Wood-Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. D. Red-backed

Shrike. INR TANGY Aan oor Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 49° F. Wind W., strong, B. Willow-Warbler. Weather unsettled. S wallow. Barometer: conditions as on the previous day. House-Martin. Temp.low. Weather overcast, fog at Biarritz, Guy vhinchate and stormy along our southern shores. Lesser White- throat.

Wood-Warbler. D. Nightingale.

Marya Sthierene vere Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 45° F. Wind N.W., light.

A. Land-Rail. Weather unsettled.

B. Spotted Fly- Barometer: the depression to the north had

aati nar. passed eastwards. Winds moderate or strong

Swallow. from N.W. Temp. fallen. Weather: rain- House-Martin. squalls along the English Channel and adjacent Swift. coacts, but fair at Brest.

C. Wood-Warbler. Cuckoo. Little Tern.

May 9th

A, Land-Rail. B. Whitethroat.

Garden- Warbler. Willow-Warbler.

Swallow. House-Martin. Swift.

. Lesser White-

throat. Blackcap. Reed- Warbler. Nightjar. Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale.

May 10th

Turtle-Dove.

A. Land-Rail. B. Whitethroat.

C.

Willow- Warbler.

Swallow.

Swift.

Lesser White- throat.

Blackcap.

Cuckoo.

D. Tree-Pipit.

May 11th B.

D.

. Lesser

W heatear. Whitethroat. Willow- Warbler. Swallow. White- throat. Blackcap. Reed-W arbler. Tree-Pipit. Red-backed Shrike. Turtle-Dove.

56 | Bar. 29°7 in. Temp. 44°F. Wind N.W., mode-

rate. Weather unsettled.

| Barometer: the weather of our area is influenced

by the approach of a high-pressure system from the Atlantic. Winds strong from N.W. Temp. lower. Weather stormy generally, but fine at Corunna.

Bar. 29'9 in. ‘Temp. 47° F. Weather hazy.

Barometer as on the previous day. Winds ditto. Temp. still low. Weuther: much cloud and mist.

Wind N., light.

Bar. 30° in. Temp. 50° F. Wind N.E., light. Weather fair.

Barometer: conditions very complex. Winds strong, from some northerly point over the greater part of our area, but southerly along the west of Ireland and Scotland. Temp. risen decidedly. Weather: foggy at Corunna, fine at Brest and over the English Channel and adjacent coasts.

May 12th ...

A. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear. Whitethroat. Swallow.

C. Reed- Warbler. Cuckoo.

D. Nightingale. White Waetail.

eserves

Morel tb fat ve osc

A. Land-Rail.

B. Wheatear. Whitethroat. Willow-Warbler. Swallow. House-Martin.

D. Red-backed

Shrike. Turtle-Dove.

Maiyah te...

A. Pied Flycatcher. Land-Rail.

B. Swallow. Honuse-Martin. Sand-Martin. Swift.

C. Whinchat.

D. Red-backed

Shrike. Turtle-Dove.

Common Tern.

Milayy TNS Goss 5.6

A. Pied Flycatcher. B. Spotted Fly- catcher. Swallow. House-Martin. Swift,

a

Bar. 295 in. Temp. 49° F. Wind N.E., mode- rate. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: a depression with its centre 29°5 in. over the Channel Islands. Strong winds circu- lating cyclonically round this centre. Temp. lower generally. Weather stormy, with much rain.

Bar. 29°5 in. Temp. 49° F. Wind 8.E., light. Weather showery.

Barometer : conditions the same as on the previous day. Temp. about the same. Weather fine at Corunna, showery elsewhere.

Bar, 29°38 in. Temp. 55° F. Wind E., light. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depression had passed out into the Atlantic. Winds light, easterly. Temp. warmer. Weather: rain at Corunna and at Bordeaux; fine at Brest; unsettled in the English Channel and adjacent coasts, but fine over the North Sea and adjacent shores.

Bar. 29°7 in. Temp. 54° F. Wind E., light. Weather unsettled...

Barometer: centre of depression off the north

coast of Spain. Winds light, from some

easterly poimt over our area. Temp. about

50° F. Weather generally fair, but fogey

along our east coast and also about the Scilly

Islands.

May 15th (con.).

C. Whinchat. Blackcap. Reed-Warbler. Sedge-Warbler. Nightjar.

. Nightingale.

Yellow Wagtail.

Turtle-Dove.

Common Sand-

piper. Common Tern. Little Tern.

May 16th A. Ring-Ouzel.

Pied Flycatcher.

B. Whitethroat.

Spotted Fly- catcher.

Swallow.

House-Martin.

Swift.

C. Lesser White-

throat.

Blackcap. Sedye- Warbler. Nightjar. Cuckoo.

. Turtle-Dove.

Common Tern. Little Tern.

May 17th

A, Pied Flycatcher.

B. Whitethroat.

Garden- Warbler.

Spotted F'ly- catcher.

Swallow.

House-Martin.

OO n np 60 5

|

BB

Bar. 29:7 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind S.E., light. Weather fine.

Barometer and wind the same as on the previous day. Temp. much warmer. Weather con- ditions: much fog and mist.

Bar. 29°7 in. Temp. 57° F, Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depression to the south had its centre over Spain. Winds easterly. Temp. warmer. Weather: foggy at Corunna, rain at Bordeaux, fine at Brest, squally at the Scilly Islands, and much fog elsewhere.

Wind N.E., strong.

39 May 17th (con.).

C. Nightjar. Cuckoo. | D. Turtle-Dove. |

Little Tern.

May lSthy <1... .

A. Pied Flycatcher. B. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Willow-Warbler. | Spotted Fly- catcher. Swallow. Swift. | IC. Sedge-Warbler. | D. Turtle-Dove. |

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind 8.W., light. Weather unsettled.

Barometer : conditions the same as on the previous day. Temp. ditto. Weather: fair at Corunna, fine at Brest, foggy at the Channel Isles, unsettled, with rain, mist and fog, elsewhere.

Alley ISAO Boo on ace

A. Pied Flycatcher.

B. Wheatear. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Willow-Warbler. Spotted Fly-

catcher. Swallow. Swift.

. Wood-W arbler. Reed-Warbler. Sedge- Warbler. Cuckoo.

| Bar, 295 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind S.E., light. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the depressicn had extended from Spain to our southern shores. lating cyclonically round it. same.

Winds circu- Temp. about the Weather fine along the north coast of Spain, rainy or overcast over the English Channel and our southern and eastern coasts.

May 20th ........

A. Pied Flycatcher. B. Garden- Warbler. Spotted Fly-

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 61° F. Wind 8.W., light. ‘Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the centre of the depression was in the English Channel. Winds circulating cycloni-

catcher. Swallow. Swift.

cally round it. Temp. warmer. Weather: same as previous day, much mist.

May 20th (coz.).

C. Sedge-W arbler. D. Nightingale. Red-backed Shrike.

Maya stisrrne etme

A. Pied Flycatcher. B. Garden-Warbler. Spotted F'ly- catcher.

Swallow. House-Martin. C. Sedge-Warbler. Wood- Warbler. D. Wryneck. Turtle-Dove.

Maye22n dire. rrier

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat. Garden-W arbler. Swallow. House-Martin.

C. Sedge-Warbler. Nightjar. Cuckoo.

D. Turtle-Dove.

May 28rd ........

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat. Garden-W arbler. Swallow. House-Martin.

C, Whinchat.

Common Sand- piper.

40

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp. 58° F. Wind N.W., light. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: conditions very complex. Winds light, from some northerly point generally. Temp. about the same. Weather calm, with much mist along our side of the English Channel,

Bar. 29:9 in. Temp. 62° F. Weather hazy.

Barometer: a high-pressure system approaching from the Atlantic. Winds light from some northerly point. Temp. fallen slightly. Weather

Wind N.W., light.

calm, with fog at Corunna, fine at the Scilly Islands, overcast or cloudy generally.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 64° F. Weather fine.

Barometer, &c.: conditions the same as on the previous day.

Wind N.E., light.

May 24th

A. Land-Rail. B. Whitethroat.

Garden-Warbler.

C. Whinchat.

May 25th ........

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler. Spotted Fly-

catcher. Swallow. House-Martin. Swift. C. Lesser White- throat. Blackcap. D. Turtle-Dove.

May 26th .......-

A. Land-Rail.

B. Whitethroat. Garden- Warbler.

C. Cuckoo.

D. Turtle-Dove.

May 27th

B. Swift. D. Turtle-Dove.

eee tetas

May 28th

B. Spotted Fly- catcher. House-Martin. Sand-Martin. C. Nightjar.

CC ns OE

+1

| Bar. 30:1 in. Temp. 64° F. Weather fine.

Barometer: anticyclonic with a centre to the north of these Islands. Light winds from the N.E. Temp. about 60° F. Weather con- ditions fair, but with fog or mist at Corunna and along the extreme S.W. of our coast.

Wind N.E., light.

Bar. 30°2 in. Temp. 51°F. Wind N.E., strong. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the centre of an anticyclone over Scotland. Wind strong from the N.K. ‘Temp. lower. Weather conditions fair, with fog or mist along the shores of the Bay of Biscay and the English Channel.

Lar. 30:2 in. Temp. 52° F, Weather fine.

Barometer and winds the same as on the previous day. Temp. colder. Weather: much mist at the mouth of the English Channel.

Wind N.E., light.

Bar. 30:0 in. Temp. 60° F. Weather unsettled.

Barometer: a high-pressure system to the S.W. of Ireland. Winds moderate, from some north- erly or westerly point. Temp. risen. Weather fair, but with fog at Biarritz, mist at Brest, and squally at the Scilly Islands.

Wind N.E., light.

Bar. 29°9 in. Temp. 65° F. Wind W., light. Weather fine.

Barometer: conditions anticyclonic, the same as on the previous day.

May 29th ..... B. House-Martin.

May 30th .....

C. Cuckoo.

Mian olistarpsaricts B. Swallow.

Swift.

unewlstese eee

B. Swift.

42

| Bar. 29°8 in. Temp. 58° F. Winds W., light.

Weather unsettled.

Barometer: the high-pressure system persisted, but there was a deep depression between Iceland and Scotland, influencing the weather over the north of these Islands. Winds from some westerly point, light. Temp. fallen slightly. Weather overcast, with rain along our south coast.

Bar. 29°77 in. Temp. 56° F. Wind W., light. Weather fair.

Barometer: the depression to the north domi- nating the weather over our area. Strong winds from the W. Temp. lower. Weather unsettled, with fog and rain along the north coast of Spain, the French shores of the Bay of Biscay, and both sides of the English Channel.

Bar. 29°5 in, Temp. 52° F. Wind W., strong. Weather stormy. t

Barometer: conditions the same as on the pre- vious day. Weather: fiue along the north coast of Spain, stormy elsewhere, with mist or fog at the mouth of the English Channel.

Bar. 29°6 in. Temp. 55° F.- Wind 8.W., light. Weather unsettled, rainy.

Barometer: the depression had passed eastwards, with its centre over the south of Norway. Winds south-westerly, moderate or strong. Temp. about the same. Weather: rain along our south coast.

THE RING-OUZEL.

Turdus torquatus, L.

A SINGLE individual of this species was noted on the Derby- shire and Cheshire border on the 11th of March, and a second in S.W. Yorkshire on the 13th. The first immigration seems to have occurred in the west about the 24th, and during the two following days penetrated as far north as Yorkshire and Northumberland. Small numbers continued to arrive until about the 8th or 9th of April, when a second immigration occurred, the birds dispersing to their breeding-quarters in the west and north. The records from the midland and south-eastern counties were very scanty and, with the exception of a single bird recorded from Kent on the 27th of March, probably one of those which had previously arrived in the west, it was not until nearly three weeks later that the Ring-Ouzel made its appearance in the south-east. On the 14th of April it was recorded from Middlesex, on the 16th from Berkshire and between the 18th and 25th from several localities in Sussex ; these records probably indicated an immigration on the eastern half of the south coast.

These birds were presumably only passing migrants, as their further course in this country could not be traced and our resident birds had already begun to breed. A nest with four eggs was found in Somerset on the 23rd of April and young a week old were recorded from Wales on the 8th of May. The passage of continental birds appears to have continued in this country for some time, as they were noted

in Norfolk as late as the 15th of May. _ a p2

44

A reliable observer in South Devonshire informed us that he saw two Ring-Ouzels on the moors in February, and this seems to point to the fact that some individuals undoubtedly winter in this country.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 11th. Cheshire and Derby border. 55 13th. S.W. Yorkshire. i 24th. Devon, Yorkshire. 53 26th. Cheshire (increase). Northumberland. Ze 27th. Kent, Shropshire, Staffordshire and Derby

border. i 28th. Carnarvon. be 30th. Cornwall (passing). April Ist. Carnarvon (increase). i 2nd. Radnor. ss 3rd. Somerset. si 6th. Lancashire.

Ny 8th. W. Yorkshire (slight increase). Es 9th. Shropshire (slight increase).

a 11th. Cheshire (increase). 55 L1th/12th. Carnarvon light. me 12th. Yorkshire (slight further increase).

“ss 13th. Merioneth. % 14th. Middlesex. : 16th. Berks, Clyde. ~ 18th. Sussex. 5 19th. Denbigh (passing). A 20th. Montgomery.

r 21st. Yorkshire (increase).

2 23rd. Somerset (nest with eggs).

c: 24th. Merioneth (increase). Yorkshire (nest ready). Argyll.

$5 25th. Yorkshire (further increase).

“ 28th, Derby.

45

May Ist. Glamorgan. = 5th. Bedford. F 7th. Radnor (nest with eggs). 4s 8th. Merioneth (nest with young). et 9th. Staffordshire. 14th. Cumberland (nesting). 5 15th. Norfolk (passing). Carnarvon (nest with

eggs).

46

W HEATEAR.

42RD WALES.

Exgiish Niles. M. = May Dates without initial are || in April ‘|

| Meh. = March.

:

THE WHEATEAR. Saxicola ananthe (L.).

Tus bird arrived along the whole of the south coast. The earliest record was in Devonshire on the 6th of March, and two were killed at the Smalls lighthouse (Pembroke) on the night of the 14th/15th. By the end of the month Wheatears were thinly distributed over the country, and had reached Northumberland on the 28th and Cumberland on the 29th. A very considerable immigratory movement took place between the 3rd and 12th of April, when large numbers were observed passing the N. Devonshire, Hampshire, Pembroke and Carnarvon lights. On the 8th two Wheatears flew on board H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ one at 8 A.m. in lat. 50° 55’ N.. long. 8° 25’ W., and a second at noon in lat. 51° 2’ N., long. 8° 2’ W. This first large influx during the first fort- night in April largely increased the number of this species all over the country.

A second wave of immigration occurred between the Ist and 6th of May, and many were reported at the Hampshire, Kent, and Essex lights on the nights of the 1st/2nd and 3rd/4th, while stragglers were noted on the 4th/5th. After that date very few migratory movements were recorded, but the species apparently continued to pass into and through the country up to the third week in May. Many were observed on passage in Wiltshire on the 6th of May, anda party of about fifty (mostly males) was seen in Shropshire on the 16th, while two were recorded at the Smalls light (Pembroke) as late as the night of the 7th/8th June. Wheat- ears were nesting in Cornwall and Hereford on the 17th of April, in Sussex and Wiltshire on the 24th, and in Glamorgan

48

and Shropshire on the 1st of May. Nests with eggs were found in Staffordshire on the 9th and in Yorkshire on the 10th.

So far as we can judge from the scanty material available (wings sent from the lights, and a few notes from inland observers), the April migrants were all of the smaller race ; while those obtained or observed in May were chiefly of the larger race. One male killed at Dungeness light and some females obtained at the Kentish Knock light-vessel on the night of the 3rd/4th May were of the smaller race, while some males killed at the same time were of the larger race.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March — 6th. Devon. is 8th. Hants. », 14th/15th. Pembroke light. ie 14th. Kent. a 15th. Pembroke, Brecon. ne Aso, Sussex, Dorset, Herts. a 18th. Somerset, Suffolk. ¥y 19th. Staffordshire. 3 20th. Cornwall, Glamorgan, Isle of Man. fy 22nd. Yorkshire. 5 24th. Kent light. x 25th, Hants, Norfolk, Westmoreland.

» 26th. Carnarvon, Cheshire.

a 27th. Devon and Suffolk (increase). Merioneth, Clyde. |

2 28th. Staffordshire and Carnarvon (increase).

Cornwall and Hants (slight increase). Lancashire, Cumberland.

B 29th. Carnaivon (increase). Hants (decrease). Surrey, Cardigan, Northumberland.

a 30th. Hssex.

- 31st. Radnor.

April 2nd. Norfolk (increase). Gloucester, Shrop-

shire.

April

onde 3rd/4th. 4th. Ath/dth. 5th. 5th/6th. 6th. 6th/7th. 8th.

8th/9th. 9th. 9th/10th.

10th. Lith:

11th/12th.

12th.

12th/13th.

13th. 14th. 15th. 16th.

17th.

18th. 19th. 20th. 22nd. 23rd. 24th.

49

Sussex and Suffolk (increase). Middlesex.

Hants light.

Sussex and Staffordshire (deer Hse)

Pembroke light.

Hants Gaon. Northampton.

Hants and Pembroke lights.

Cornwall (passing, on the coast).

Lundy I. (North) light.

One flew on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ at 8 A.M. in lat. 50° 55’ N., long. 8° 25’ W., and another at noon in lat. 51° 2’ N., long. 8° 2’ W.

Hants light.

Sussex (increase).

Hants, Lundy I. (North) and Carnarvon lights.

Devon (increase).

Glamorgan and Suffolk (increase). Hants (decrease).

Hants, Lundy I. (North) and Carnarvon lights.

Somerset (slight increase). (usual numbers).

Hants and Kent lights.

Wilts, Berks, Lincoln.

Yorkshire (slight increase).

Dorset (slight increase). Bedford.

Staffordshire

Cheshire (passing). Hereford (usual numbers).

Devon, Carnarvon and Isle of Man (passing). Cornwall and Hereford (nesting). Worcester.

Sussex (decrease).

Dorset (increase).

Montgomery.

Hants (increase).

Bedford (increase). Hants (decrease).

Sussex and Wilts (nesting). Argyll.

April. 25th.

a 26th.

28th. 28th/29th.

29th.

30th.

May Ist.

| stn:

2nd. 3rd. drd/4th. Ath/dth. a 5th. e 5th/6th. 7 6th. ¥ 7th. 3 8th. ie 9th. ws 10th. i. Wise. f 13th. si 14th. i. 15th. 5 16th. Ea 19th.

June 7th/8th.

50

Brecon and Merioneth (increase).

Yorkshire (increase).

Middlesex (passing).

Hants light.

Kent (increase).

Kent (decrease).

Montgomery (increase). Glamorgan and Shropshire (nesting).

Hants light.

Somerset and Yorkshire (increase).

Oxford.

Hants, Kent and Essex lights.

Hants and Isle of Man lights.

Carmarthen (slight increase).

Norfolk light.

Wilts (many passing). Derby.

Lincoln (increase).

Carmarthen (increase).

Staffordshire (nest with eggs).

Yorkshire (nest with eggs).

Cornwall (passing). Notts.

Devon (passing).

Northumberland (increase). Anglesey.

Bedford (increase). Carnarvon (passing).

Lancashire (increase). Shropshire (about 50 passing, mostly males).

Devon (increase).

Pembroke light.

THE WHINCHAT. Pratincola rubetra (L.).

THe Whinchat apparently arrived almost entirely on the eastern half of the south coast of Hngland, from Kent to Dorset, whence it spread gradually to its usual haunts.

The earliest stragglers were noticed in Kent and Dorset on the 26th and 29th of March. The first immigration, however, which was a very small one, took place between the 2nd and 4th of April in Hampshire, Kent and Suffolk. With the exception of single individuals which reached Devonshire on the 6th and Lancashire on the 10th, these arrivals do not seem to have dispersed, but to have remained in the coastal counties. Another very small band arrived on ‘the 11th of April, and stragglers appeared in N. Wales, Leicester, Staffordshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire. The commencement of the main arrival was first noticed in Dorset and Kent on the 17th and 18th; at first it came in slowly, and it was not until the 25th and 26th that the records from Wales and Northampton showed a substantial increase in the numbers. By the 1st of May the Whinchat had become generally distributed ; but the immigration continued throughout the week, and, the weather and moon being favourable, specimens were procured at the Kent and Hampshire lights. By the 7th of May the majority of the birds had arrived, but on the 14th another small imnugratory movement was noted in Hampshire, and was followed on the 15th by an increase in Wales, Lancashire, and Yorkshire. In the eastern counties the species had already begun to nest and a full clutch of eggs was recorded on the 16th from Berkshire.

There may possibly have been a further immigration about -

| SHGLAND.

WHINCHAT.

thout initial are |||

: _ Dates wil

M. = May in April

re ea

the 23rd and 24th of May, as on those days an increase was noted in Sussex and Yorkshire ; but the records were too few to afford satisfactory proof on this point.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcORDs.

March 26th. Kent. 5 29th. Dorset. April 2nd. Suffolk. is 3rd. Hants. x 6th. Devon. ie 10th. Lancashire. a 11th. Kent {slight increase). Worcester. ” 13th. Yorkshire. my 14th. Carmarthen, Leicester, Denbigh. m 15th. Bedford.

a 16th. Lancashire (increase). Cambridge.

Ai 17th. Dorset (increase). Berks, Surrey, Stafford- shire.

si 18th. Kent (increase).

i 20th. Montgomery.

53 21st. Northampton.

Yi 22nd. Sussex.

* 24th. Middlesex. “5 25th. Northampton (increase). Merioneth. e 26th. Somerset. af 29th. Cornwall, Warwick, Lincoln. E 30th. Gloucester, Shropshire. May stie Oxford, Radnor. >» Jst/2nd. Hants light. as ord. Wilts. , ord/4th. Hants and Kent lights. ie Ath. Shropshire (increase).

, 4th/5th &

? 5th/6th. } Kent light.

a 6th. Shropshire (increase). Cheshire. a 7th. Warwick (increase). Cumberland.

e 8th. Herts.

54

Somerset, Merioneth, Shropshire and Staffordshire (increase). Dorset (usual numbers). Derby, Westmoreland.

Norfolk.

Notts.

Yorkshire (slight increase).

Bedford (increase). Hants and Middlesex (slight increase). Northumberland.

Cornwall (slight increase). Carnarvon (passing). Glamorgan.

Carmarthen, Northampton and Lancashire (increase). Yorkshire (slight increase). Berks (nest with eggs).

Berks (increase).

Shropshire (increase). Yorkshire (slight increase).

Sussex (slight increase).

Derby (nest with eggs).

THE REDSTART. Ruticilla pheenicurus (L.).

Tue arrival of the Redstart in this country took place along the whole of the south coast, but in almost every case the immigratory waves reached the south-eastern portion first and were noticed in the west a day or two later. The first birds were, however, recorded from one of the Isle of Man lights, where several were seen on the night of the 29th/30th of March, and on the following day one was noted in Devonshire. These were, no doubt, merely the usual stragglers which herald the migrations of almost every species. ‘The first important movement was noted in Suffolk and Kent on the 11th and 12th of April; by the 15th the first birds had reached Gloucester, and a slight increase was recorded in Somerset. During the two following days stragglers reached Cheshire, Cumberland and Wales. A second wave commenced with the arrival of male birds in Sussex on the 18th, and birds were also recorded from Suffolk and Devonshire. There was a further increase in Suffolk and Kent on the 21st and in Somerset on the 22nd, while Redstarts were noted at the Hampshire lights on the night of the 22nd/23rd. Meanwhile the species had spread as far north as Westmoreland, and by the 25th was well- distributed over the west from Gloucester to Cumberland. The next immigration appeared in the south-east on the 30th of April and continued until the 5th of May, fresh arrivals being reported between those dates in all the south- eastern counties. Other records showed that the Redstart had become pretty generally distributed throughout the country, and though inland movements continued, no further arrivals

REDSTART.

LAND.

SEG

Dates without initial are ||., in April

57

appear to have been recorded after that date. By the 7th of May building operations had commenced in Wales, and six days later the first eggs were recorded from Somerset.

JHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 29th/30th. Isle of Man light.

April

bb)

dist. 3rd. Ath. 8th.

11th. 12th. 13th. 14th. 15th.

16th. 17th. 18th.

19th. 20th.

21st.

22nd. 22nd/23rd. 23rd. 24th. 25th. 26th. 27th. 28th. 29th.

Devon.

Middlesex.

Suffolk.

HEMLS. “Dido,” lat. 50° 55’ N... long: 8° 25’ W. One flew on board at 8.0 a.m.

Suffolk (Ginerease). Yorkshire.

Kent.

Wilts.

Somerset, Berks, Surrey.

Somerset (slight inerease). Gloucester, Herts.

Bedford, Essex.

Cumberland, Cheshire, Leicester.

Sussex (an arrival). Suffolk (nesting). Northumberland, Montgomery, Devon.

Hants.

Merioneth, Cardigan, Radnor, North- ampton, Shropshire.

Kent and Suffolk (slight increase). West- moreland.

Somerset (slight increase). ‘Staffordshire.

Hants light.

Northampton (increase). Derby.

Shropshire (increase). Montgomery.

Cheshire (increase).

Nottingham.

Yorkshire (increase). Brecon.

Cumberland (increase).

Denbigh.

April

May

99

30th.

Ist. 1st/2nd.

2nd.

3rd.

3rd/4th. Ath.

Ath/5th. Sth.

6th. 7th. Sth. 9th.

12th. 13th.

14th. 16th.

19th. 21st.

22nd. Q3rd.

58

Snropshire (increase). Surrey (slight in- crease). Lancashire, Warwick.

Brecon (increase). Glamorgan.

Hants light.

Sussex (increase). Carnarvon, Durham.

Northampton and Cheshire (increase). Oxford, Lincoln.

Hants, Kent and Hssex lights.

Cambridge.

Hants and Isle of Man lights.

Bedford (increase). Radnor and Shrop- shire (slight increase).

Cheshire (decrease).

Radnor (building).

Carmarthen.

Somerset, Suffolk, Durham and Cumber- land (increase).

Derby (increase). Oxford (slight increase). | Cumberland (nesting). Somerset (nest with eggs). Northumberland (increase). Oxford (de- crease).

Northampton (increase). Norfolk (pass- ing). Carnarvon (usual numbers).

Dorset.

Merioneth (increase). Yorkshire (nest with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Derby (nest with eggs).

Ur or)

THE NIGHTINGALE. Daulias luscinia (L.).

Tuts species arrived mainly on the south and south-eastern coasts from Hampshire eastwards.

The first arrivals were recorded in Essex and Northampton- shire on the 5th of April, while stragglers were noted in Hampshire, Sussex, Kent, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and Suffolk between the 9thand 15th of that month. An increase of numbers was noted in Northamptonshire on the 16th, and in Sussex and Essex on the 18th. A decided immigratory movement took place during the last two days of April and the first two weeks in May, as was shown by the increased numbers in various counties as well as by the reports from the lighthouses. Several Nightingales were recorded at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of the 3rd/4th of May, and on the same night one was killed at the South Foreland light: one was likewise kilied at the former light on the night of the 4th/5th.

A great increase in Hertfordshire on the 20th of May probably indicated a further influx, but by that time the species was generally distributed and had settled down in its haunts. A nest ready for eggs was found in Kent on the 17th of May ; while nests with eggs were recorded in Sussex on the 16th, in Surrey on the 19th, and in Berks on the 22nd of that month.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April Sth. Hssex, Northampton. is 9th. Suffolk.

60

NIGHTINGALE.

osc

Dates without initial are |

NSLANB

2 NT

in April

M. = May

L ‘ — I Wr Lede eogeaplera hornet

tthe 12th. 13th. 15th. 16th.

17th. 18th. 20th. Qiist.

22nd. 20rd. 25th.

Pitne 29th.

30th.

Sts 2nd.

3rd.

3rd/4th. Ath.

4th/Sth. 5th. 7th. 9th. 12th. 14th.

15th. 16th.

61

Sussex.

Hants.

Herts.

Kent, Bedford.

Northampton (increase). Worcester, Cam- bridge, Norfolk.

Somerset, Surrey.

Sussex and Hssex (increase).

Shropshire.

Norfolk (slight increase). Dorset, Berks.

Surrey (increase).

Leicester.

Kent and Northampton (increase). Somer- set (slight increase). Gloucester.

Wilts, Lincoln.

Isle of Wight (an arrival). Berks (slight increase). Glamorgan.

Hants, Herts and Suffolk (increase). Surrey and Cambridge (slight increase). Oxford.

Essex (increase). Devon, Yorkshire.

Dorset (increase). Berks (usual numbers). Nottingham.

Sussex and Northampton (increase). Worcester (slight increase).

Hants and Kent lights.

Kent (usual numbers).

Hants light.

Bedford (slight increase). -

Hants (increase).

Devon, Somerset and Shropshire (increase).

Hants (slight increase).

Wilts (increase). Bedford (slight in- crease).

Sussex and Suffolk (increase).

Northampton (increase). Yorkshire (slight increase). Sussex (nest with eggs).

62

Gloucester (increase). Kent (nest ready for eggs).

Shropshire (increase).

Essex (usual numbers). Surrey (nest with egus).

Herts (great increase, nest with egos).

Dorset (increase, nest with eggs). Berks (nest with eggs).

Herts (decrease).

63

THE WHITETHROAT. Sylvia cinerea, Bechst.

Tus species appears to have entered the country along the whole of the south coast: it arrived first in the west and subsequently chiefly from Hampshire eastward.

The earliest arrival was recorded in Derbyshire on the 7th of April. From that date up to the middle of the month stragglers were reported in a few counties ranging from Devonshire to Denbigh. Subsequently the numbers gradually increased, till by the end of April the species was fairly distributed over the whole country and had reached Cumber- land on the 22nd, and Northumberland on the 25th. The species was not, however, recorded from the Clyde area until the 7th of May.

Up to the 25th of April the only record from the lights included a single Whitethroat killed at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of the 11th/12th of April. The first great wave of immigration took place between the 29th of April and the 6th of May, and great numbers were seen every night from the 1st to the 6th, at the Hampshire, Kent and Hssex lights. The second marked influx of Whitethroats occurred between the 17th and 20th of May, but the numbers observed were much smaller. Of three lighthouse-reports received, two were from St. Catherine’s on the nights of the 17th/18th and the 18th/19th, and the third from the Smalls light (Pembroke), where several were seen on the night of the 19th/20th. After that no migratory movement of any consequence was recorded in May. On the night of the 2nd/3rd June a good many birds were seen at Bardsey light (Carnarvon).

Whitethroats were nesting in Devonshire on the 22nd of April, in Somerset on the Ist of May, andin Berkshire on

64

aH = S fae en) = fea q ke an) Ee

4 he y te ;

;

+

a

M. = May | Dates without initial are | jf)

65

the 6th. Nests with eggs were found in Sussex on the 7th, and in Hampshire on the 14th.

April

99

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

ith. 10th. Lith.

11th/12th. 12th. 14th. 15th. 16th. 17th.

18th. 19th. 20th. Dust.

92nd. 23rd. 24th.

Zonas

26th. 27th. 28th. 29th. 30th.

Ist.

Derby.

Devon.

Northampton.

Hants light.

Dorset, Denbigh.

Hants, Sussex, Leicester.

Sussex (slight increase). Surrey.

Dorset (increase). Somerset.

Northampton (increase). Kent, Cam- bridge, Nottingham.

Northampton (increase). Sussex (slight increase). Dorset (decrease). Berks, Essex, Suffolk.

Cambridge (increase). Yorkshire.

Herts, Oxford, Worcester.

Yorkshire (increase). Carmarthen. Northampton (increase). Devon (nesting). Glamorgan, Staffordshire, Cumberland. Derby (slight increase). Gloucester,

Bedford.

Northampton (increase). Middlesex, Wilts.

Dorset, Berks, Somerset, Worcester and Cumberland (increase). Brecon, Lanca- shire, Northumberland. |

Northampton (decrease).

Dorset (increase). Shro;-shire.

Nottingham (usual numbers). Warwick, Lincoln.

Hants, Isle of Wight and Glamorgan (increase).

Essex, Shropshire and Yorkshire (increase). Merioneth,

Somerset (increase, building).

>

Ist/2nd.

2nd. 3rd.

3rd/4th.

Ath.

4th/5th.

5th.

5th/6th.

6th. 7th.

8th. 9th.

10th.

11th.

iuhe

13th.

14th.

LS the 16th.

66 Hants light.

Berks and Glamorgan (increase). Yorkshire (increase). Carnarvon, Cheshire. Hants, Kent and Essex lights.

Wilts (increase). Cornwall, Radnor, Nor- folk.

Hants and Kent lights.

Herts and Shropshire (increase).

Kent light.

Berks (nest nearly finished).

Bedford (increase). Leicester (slight in- crease). Sussex (nest with eggs). Clyde.

Surrey and Derhy (increase).

Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Carmarthen, Shropshire, Leicester, Lincoln and Cum- berland (increase). Somerset (nest with egus). Isle of Man, Westmoreland, Durham.

Surrey, Herts, Staffordshire and Durham (increase). Lincoln (nesting).

Norfolk (increase). Cornwall and Oxford (slight increase).

Radnor and Warwick (increase). Wilts (slhghtincrease). Deyvon(usual numbers). Cardigan.

Kent and Shropshire (increase). Suffolk (slight increase). Radnor (nesting).

Middlesex, Cambridge, Derby, Cheshire and Northumberland (increase). Angle- sey (a few). Cheshire (nest finished). Hants (nest with eggs).

Carnarvon (great increase).

Hants, Sussex, Wilts, Northampton, Cam- bridge, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Lincoln and Lancashire (increase). Carnarvon (further great increase). | Worcester (usual numbers). Lancashire (nesting). Surrey (nest with eggs).

Meier! id the

,, 17th/18th.

Le 18th. Pesta Oth, “3 19th. », 19th/20th. ‘ 20th. oh 22nd. “ 23rd. S. 24th. ve 26th. vA 27th. i 28th.

+ 29th. June 2nd/drd.

67

Middlesex, Warwick and Westmoreland (increase). Gloucester and Denbigh (slight increase). Norfolk (decrease).

Hants light.

Merioneth (increase). Kent (nest with one egy).

Hants light.

Norfolk (increase).

Pembroke light.

Dorset (building).

Somerset (increase). Radnor (nest with eggs).

Middlesex (increase). Derby (nest with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Kent (increase).

Lancashire (increase). Cumberland (nest with eggs).

Warwick (nest with eggs).

Radnor (increase).

Carnarvon light.

68

LESSER WHITETHROAT.

(4 Ap. = Apri. ad Dates. without initial ¢ are ‘| | in Be

THE LESSER WHITETHROAT. Sylvia curruca (L.).

Two individuals of this species were seen in Hertfordshire on the 13th of April, and apparently a few arrived in Dorset, Hampshire and Sussex on the 15th and 16th, while stragglers were recorded from several counties during the rest of the month. It was not, however, until the Ist of May that the first marked immigration took place. By that time the species was thinly distributed over the southern half of England as far west as Gloucester and Somerset, and as far north as Staffordshire, Derbyshire and Northamptonshire, while a few had already reached Yorkshire and Northumberland. With the advent of further arrivals along the whole of the south coast during the first ten days of May a marked increase in numbers was soon apparent, its effect being most noticeable in Wales and the eastern counties of Hngland. By the middle of the month the remaining area of distribution had been filled up, and the migration had practically ceased, the birds having settled down in their summer-quarters. Nests ready for eggs were reported from Somerset and Radnor on the 14th and 15th, and after the 19th nesting had become general.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

pork | sth. Herts. “i 15th. Hants. - 16th. Dorset, Sussex. uh 21st. Somerset, Gloucester, Staffordshire, Derby. 22nd. Northampton. 3 25th. Northampton (increase). | Northumber- land.

99

May

bP)

>>)

99

27th. 28th. 29th. 30th.

Ist.

2nd.

piel, drd/4th.

Ath.

5th. 6th. 7th. Oth.

10th. 11th.

ihe 13th. 14th. aya0e

16th.

17th. 18th. 19th. 20th.

21st. 22nd.

25th.

26th.

70

Middlesex, Oxford.

Shropshire. ;

Berks, Glamorgan, Warwick, Yorkshire.

Surrey. |

Surrey (slight increase). Devon, Kent, Cambridge, Merioneth,

Somerset and Glamorgan (increase).

Lincoln.

Keni lights.

Sussex and Cambridge (increase). Suffolk, Norfolk, Cheshire.

Herts (increase).

Shropshire (increase). Wilts.

Berks (slight increase). Bedford.

Dorset, Somerset and Staffordshire (in- crease). Radnor, Leicester.

Devon and Cheshire (increase). Middlesex and Herts (slight increase). Worcester.

Norfolk and Lincoln (increase). Sussex (decrease).

Derby (increase).

Warwick and Merioneth (increase).

Somerset (nest ready for eggs).

Glamorgan (increase). Radnor (nest ready for eggs). Cardigan.

Shropshire (increase). Carnarvon (pass- ing). Carmarthen.

Gloucester (increase).

Berks (increase).

Surrey (nest with eggs).

Dorset (building). Warwick (nest with eggs).

Suffolk (slight increase). Lancashire.

Norfolk (nest with eggs).

Sussex (slight increase). Somerset (nest with eggs).

Sussex (decrease).

fA

THE BLACKCAP. Sylvia atricapilla (L.).

THE Blackcap entered the country along the south coast, but mainly from Hampshire eastward.

The earliest arrivals reported were one in Surrey on the 22nd of March, two in Kent on the 29th and one in Glamorgan on the 31st, while a few stragglers were recorded during the first week in April in Kent, Sussex and Worcester, but no migratory movement of any magnitude took place until the 11th. From that date until the end of the month there appears to have been a steady though not very large influx of birds, which were distributed over the country as far north as Yorkshire. With the commencement of May the numbers of migrants increased considerably. Many Blackeaps were reported at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the nights between the Ist and the 6th, and a good number were reported at Dungeness light on the night of the 3rd/4th. By the middle of the month the majority of this species had arrived, though an increase in Sussex on the 25th, followed by a decrease on the following day, may have indicated a fresh immigration.

Westmoreland and Cumberland were reached on the 16th of May, and an increase was reported from the former county on the following day, while the usual number of breeding birds had arrived by the 22nd. Blackcaps were nesting in Devonshire on the 22nd of April, and nests with eggs were found in Somerset and Sussex on the 9th of May.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 22nd. Surrey. 29th. Kent. 31st. Glamorgan.

be)

9

72

CAP.

K

BLAC

M. = May

Dates without initial are , bt : ; FS

in April

73

Aprils “3rd- Sussex. 1 5th. Kent (increase). , O6th/7th. Sugsex light.

a 7th. Worcester.

i 9th. Worcester (slight increase).

- 11th. Surrey (increase). Hants, Somerset, Essex, Yorkshire.

», L1th/12th &

12th/13th. \ Hants light. , 13th. Suffolk. os 14th. Shropshire, Norfolk. BS 15th. Sussex (increase). Bedford.

in 16th. Somerset (increase). Dorset, Devon.

5 17th. Hants (slight increase). Middlesex.

u, 18th. Somerset and Yorkshire (increase). Sussex (decrease).

K 20th. Kent (slight increase). Wilts, Berks.

ss Allistis Bedford (slight increase). Denbigh.

», 21st/22nd. Hants light.

5 22nd. = Dorset (slight increase). Devon (nesting). Oxford, Leicester.

‘5 23rd. Hants (increase). Cambridge.

S Zoth. Kent (increase).

3 26th. Suffolk (slight increase). Gloucester, Cardigan.

Me Zits Herts.

¥ 28th. Lincoln, Cheshire.

fs 29th. Glamorgan (increase).

a 30th. Norfolk (slight increase).

May Ist. Shropshire (increase). Carmarthen, Staf-

fordshire.

, Ist/2nd. Hants light.

= 2nd. Hants, Berks, Shropshire and Norfolk (increase).

“i 3rd. Sussex (increase). Oxford (slight in- crease). Hants (decrease). Northampton.

» ord/4th. Hants and Kent lights.

bd Ath. Cornwall, Carnarvon, Derby.

FE

74 May 4th/5th. Hants light.

+ 6th. Nottingham. me qtr Hssex (increase). - 9th. Dorset, Glamorgan, Shropshire, Lincoln

and Cheshire (increase). Berks (usual numbers). Sussex and Somerset (nests with eggs).

5 10th. Herts (increase). i In Devon (increase). Cornwall (passing). és 12th. Herts (decrease).

i 13th. Northampton (increase). 35 14th. Bedford (increase). 33 15th. Herts (increase).

z 16th. Sussex, Northampton, Carnarvon and Lin- coln (increase). Westmoreland, Cum- berland.

x 17th. Westmoreland (increase). Sussex (de- crease).

be 19th. Merioneth.

i 21st. Lancashire.

s 22nd. Westmoreland (usual numbers). Durham.

- 25th. Sussex (increase).

a 26th. Sussex (decrease). Montgomery. - 28th. Wilts (increase). uf 29th. Kent (nest with eggs).

THE GARDEN-WARBLER. Sylvia hortensis, Bechst.

Lixe the Blackcap, this bird appears to have arrived along the whole of the south coast, but mainly from Hampshire eastward. The earliest record was in Gloucestershire on the 13th of April, and from that date up to the end of the month stragglers were reported from various counties south of Cumberland, where a single bird was observed on the 22nd. Further arrivals during the first week in May led to a more general distribution of the species and an increase of the numbers in one or two localities. A further influx between the 9th and the 19th had a still more marked effect, and was followed almost immediately by an extension of the species to the north, a few being reported from Northumberland on the 18th. A slight increase in numbers was noted in Cumberland on the 20th. By that date nesting had commenced in the southern counties and became general during the following week, nests with eggs being found in Dorsetshire on the 20th, in Berkshire on the 21st, in Kent and Somersetshire on the 22nd, and in Derbyshire and Radnor on the 27th. At the same time there was evidence that immigration had not quite ceased, and it seems probable that further migramts arrived in the south-east during the third week of May. A nest with well-grown young was reported in Hampshire on the 28th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April 13th. Gloucester. ch. Somerset. 20th. Cheshire. » BZ

76

GARDEN-WARBLER.

22nd. 23rd. 24th. 25th. 27th. 29th. 30th. Ist. 2nd. Ath. 4th/5th. 5th. 6th. Sth. 9th.

11th. 15th. 16th.

17th.

17th/18th. 18th.

18th/19th. 20th.

Pilistie 22nd.

23rd. 26th. 27th.

28th. 29th.

17

Surrey, Cumberland.

Herts.

Hssex, Glamorgan, Cardigan, Cambridge.

Devon, Suffolk, Shrepshire, Norfolk, Derby.

Leicester.

Isle of Wight, Denbigh, Lincoln.

Sussex, Staffordshire.

Middlesex, Yorkshire.

Shropshire (increase).

Kent.

Hants light.

Berks, Worcester, Warwick.

Oxford.

Brecon.

Somerset and Shropshire (increase). Dorset, Northampton.

Merioneth.

Wilts, Carmarthen.

Berks and Northampton (increase). Rad- nor, Carnarvon.

Gloucester (increase).

Hants light.

Kent (increase). Hants, Northumberland.

Hants light.

Merioneth and Shropshire (increase). Cumberland (slight increase). Dorset (nest with eggs). Lancashire.

Berks (nest with eggs).

Middlesex and Herts (slight increase). Kent and Somerset (nests with eggs). Radnor (nesting).

Suffolk (slight increase).

Kent (increase).

Middlesex (slight increase). Radnor and Derby (nests with eggs).

Hants (nest with young).

Suffolk (nest with one egg).

78

GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER.

WD.

SUSI

Ap. = April.

Dates without initial are

79

THE GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER. Locustella nevia (Bodd.).

Ow1ne to its comparative scarcity and somewhat skulking habits this species was noted by comparatively few observers, and its arrival and dispersion are consequently somewhat difficult to trace. An immigration must have occurred about the 16th of April, as records of single individuals were re- ceived from Northamptonshire and Shropshire on the 17th, and from Yorkshire on the 1&th, while an increase in numbers was observed in Northamptonshire on the latter date. The arrival of the Grasshopper-Warbler on the south coast was first recorded from the south-eastern counties of Kent and Sussex on the 19th and 22nd respectively ; but although that area seems to have been its chief point of entry, it apparently arrived along the whole of the south coast. On the 23rd it had reached Cheshire, and on the 28th it was recorded from 8. Wales. On the Ist of May there was evidently a well-marked immigration, which probably con- tinued during most of that week, along the whole of the south coast, as the species was again recorded at the Hampshire lights on the nights of the 3rd/4th and 4th/5th. The records are too meagre toadmit of any other movements being traced. The first nest with eggs was observed in Devonshire on the

11th of May.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

Asana aEeftelae Northampton, Shropshire.

18th. Northampton (increase). Yorkshire. 19th. Kent.

22nd. Sussex.

23rd. 28th. 29th. 30th. Ist. Ist/2nd. 2nd. 3rd/4th. Ath. 4th/dth. 7th. 10th.

11th.

14th. 16th.

19th. Ist.

80

Cheshire.

Wilts, Suffolk, Glamorgan.

Berks.

Devon.

Cornwall, Carmarthen, Somerset, Surrey.

Hants light.

Glamorgan (increase).

Hants light.

Hants.

Hants light.

Oxford.

Yorkshire (slight increase). Leicester, Lancashire.

Yorkshire (decrease). Devon (nest with eggs). Merioneth, Norfolk.

Herts, Staffordshire.

Berks, Northampton and Carmarthen (in- crease). Cambridge.

Carnarvon (nest ready for eggs).

Sussex (“several fresh arrivals’).

ol

THE CHIFFCHAFF.

Phylloscopus rufus (Bechst.).

Tuts species entered the country along the whole of the south coast. ‘The first arrival was reported in Somerset on the 5th of March, and two were killed at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of the 6th/7th. Up to the end of the month the records related to stragglers observed in most of the counties as far north as Carnarvon, Denbigh, Cheshire, Derbyshire, and Nottinghamshire, whilst a single bird had reached Ayrshire. In Devonshire and Hampshire increased numbers were reported on the 25th, 27th and 28th, and also in Cornwall on the 30th, but the birds in the latter county had passed on by the following day.

The first great arrival of immigrants commenced on the 3rd of April. Large numbers were seen at St. Catherine’s on the night of the 3rd/4th, several were killed at Anvil Point light (Dorset), and a good many were seen at Lundy Island (North) light on the 6th/7th.

The next large wave of immigration occurred on the nights of the 9th/10th, 10th/11th and 11th/12th ef April, when large numbers were again seen at St. Catherine’s, while the occurrence of a good many at Bardsey light on the last- named date indicated the fOuE DEI passage sot some of these migrants.

The number of Chiffchaffs throughout the Ce had greatly increased by the middle of the month, but there was nardiy any extension of their range northward. A single bird was recorded in Yorkshire on the 2nd, and a slight increase was noted there on the 15th; Lancashire was reached on the 16th, and two days later the usual number of birds were

Sa SSS SS

os

= March.

Mch.

Dates without initial are

BSNGLAN D.

$3

reported in Westmoreland, while the Clyde area began to be populated on the 25th.

There was apparently a further small influx in the south- west onthe 25th of April, and another along the whole of the south coast during the first week in May, after which no further immigratory movements were recorded.

Nests ready for eggs were found in Somersetshire on the 24th of April, and in Warwickshire on the 4th of May ; a nest with eggs was noted in Surrey on the Ist, and one with young birds in Dorsetshire on the 21st.

Chiffchaffs were again reported as having been seen all through the winter in the south of Cornwall.

(‘HRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDs.

March oth. Somerset. 5 Oth/tth. ‘Hants light. 35 13th. Devon. “ 19th. Berks, Leicester. - 20th. Bucks. hs 21st. Hants, Kent, Surrey, Shropshire. “i 22nd. Carmarthen. x 23rd. Dorset. i 24th. Suffolk, Bedford. a Zouk, Hants (slight imcrease). Sussex, Cam- bridge, Cardigan, Derby, Cheshire. ee 26th. Cornwall, Herts. 27th. Devon (slight increase). Wilts, Gloucester, Worcester, Denbigh, Notts.

27th/28th. Pembroke light.

7 28th. Devon (increase). Pembroke, Bedford, Warwick, Staffordshire, Carnarvon, Ayrshire.

29th, Northampton, Norfolk.

30th. Cornwall (slight increase). Glamorgan.

dist. Cornwall (passed on).

29

9?

2nd.

3rd.

drd/4th. Ath. 5th.

6th. 6th/7th.

7th. 7th/8th.

8th.

Sth/9th. 9th. 9th/LOth.

10th. 10th/11th. 11th.

11th/12th. 12th. 13th. 14th. 15th.

16th.

fia) ob

18th.

S4

Somerset (increase). Bedford (slight increase). Middlesex, Oxford, York- shire. :

Dorset, Somerset and Leicester (increase). Surrey (slight increase). Radnor.

Hants light.

Devon and Sussex (increase).

Northampton and Shropshire (increase). Kent (slight increase).

Shropshire (increase). Merioneth.

Lundy Island and Dorset lights.

Cornwall (increase). Lincoln.

Hants light.

Cornwall and Worcester (increase). Montgomery.

Hants light.

Surrey and Glamorgan (increase).

Hants light.

Cornwall, Berks, Herts and Shropshire (increase).

Hants light.

Kent, Suffolk and Northampton (increase). Wilts (slight increase). Berks (de- crease). Brecon, Montgomery.

Hants and Carnarvon lights.

Dorset (increase). Hssex.

Somerset and Montgomery (increase).

Sussex, Berks, Surrey and Leicester (in- crease). Lincoln (slight increase).

Hants, Somerset and Bedford (increase). Yorkshire (slight increase).

Middiesex, Herts, Worcester and Norfolk (increase). Hereford (great numbers). Essex (slight increase). Lancashire.

Dorset, Wilts, Berks and Leicester (in- crease).

Kent, Berks, Surrey, Carmarthen, Staf- fordshire, Norfolk, Cheshire and Lanea-

April 18th (con.).

19th.

20th.

nel. 23rd. 24th.

25th.

2nd.

3rd. Ath.

4th/5th. 5th. 6th. 9th.

10th. aLGhn. 12th.

85

shire (increase). | Northampton (de- crease). Lincoln and Westmoreland (usual numbers).

Dorset and Yorkshire (increase). Cam- bridge (slight increase). Isle of Man.

Hants and Yorkshire (increase).

Glamorgan (increase). Montgomery and Carnarvon (great increase).

Warwick (increase). Derby (slight in- crease).

Middlesex (increase). Somerset (nest nearly finished).

Devon, Glamorgan, Northampton, Worces- ter and Warwick (increase). Cornwall (slight increase). Lancashire (decrease). Clyde.

Gloucester and Yorkshire (increase).

Surrey, Glamorgan and Yorkshire (in- crease). Somerset (nest with egg).

Carmarthen (decrease).

Notts (increase).

Isle of Man (slight increase).

Devon (increase). Merioneth and Essex (slight increase). Surrey (nest with one egg).

Dorset, Berks, Shropshire and Yorkshire (increase).

Sussex (increase).

Cornwall (slight increase). | Warwick (nest).

Hants light.

Herts (increase).

Sussex (increase).

Carmarthen and Staffordshire (usual numbers).

Herts (increase).

Durham.

Isle of Man (slight increase).

14th. 15th.

16th. 19th. 20th.

Paiste

86 Northumberland (a few). Cardigan (increase). Isle of Man (slight decrease). Durham (increase). Isle of Man (slight increase). Radnor (nest ready for eggs). Dorset (nest with young).

87

THE WILLOW-WARBLER. Phylloscopus trochilus (.).

THE arrival of this species took place along the whole of the south coast. It was first noted in Somersetshire on the 19th of March, and from that date until the end of the month stragglers were reported from various counties as far north as Yorkshire, where a single bird was seen on the 3lst. The first marked influx of Willow-Warblers took place on the night of the 3rd/4th April, when large numbers were reported at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight.

It was not, however, until after the arrival of the second large wave of immigration, which occurred on the nights of the 11th/12th and 12th/18th, that the number of birds in the country showed any great increase. From those dates the notes of inland observers point to a steady stream of birds passing through the kingdom, reaching Durham on the 12th, Cumberland on the 14th, Westmoreland on the 17th, Northumberland on the 18th, and Clyde on the 19th and 21st, while occasional reports from the lights and records from the southern coastal counties showed that fresh arrivals continued to make their appearance. The birds were so generally distributed and so numerous after this second influx that it was quite impossible to trace their movements in detail.

During the first week in May there was a third great immigration of birds into the country, immense numbers being reported at St. Catherine’s, Dungeness and South Foreland lights between the nights of the lst and 6th, while on the night of the 8th/9th many were noted passing the Kentish Knock light-vessel.

On the 17th/18th and the 18th/19th there was a fourth,

WILLOW-WARBLER.

eS , 1 ———* = ‘ o :

rs an

| i +

\

AND WALBS

M. = May

Dates without initial are ||*

in April

a

5 FSS

89

but much smaller, influx of Willow-Warblers reported at St. Catherine’s, but after that, with the exception of one or two insignificant records, the migratory movement ceased. A nest with eggs was found in Lancashire on the 25th of April, and one in Somersetshire on the 29th. Willow- Warblers were building in Devonshire on the 2nd of May, in Kent on the 3rd, and in Lincolnshire on the 8th, while a nest ready for eggs was recorded in Derbyshire on the 12th.

April

99

99

99

99

99

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE REcoRDs,

19th. 21st. 22nd. 27th. 28th. 30th. olist: 2nd. adele 3rd/4th. 5th. 5th/6th. 6th. 6th/7th. 7th. 8th. 9th. 9th/10th. 10th. 10th/11th. 11th.

11th/12th. 12th.

12th/13th.

Somerset.

Surrey.

Leicester.

Carmarthen.

Shropshire.

Essex, Suffolk.

Yorkshire.

Dorset, Sussex.

Kent.

Hants light.

Cheshire.

Pembroke light.

Cornwall, Hants, Norfolk.

Dorset light.

Devon, Staffordshire.

Devon (slight increase, passing). Oxford.

Northampton.

Lundy Island and Hants lights.

Herts.

Hants light.

Northampton (increase). Wilts, Berks, Gloucester.

Hants and Carnarvon lights.

Dorset, Kent and Surrey (increase). Middlesex, Durham.

Hants light.

April

13th.

14th.

15th.

16th.

17th.

18th.

19th.

20th,

2st.

90

Shropshire (increase). Somerset (sliyht increase). Isle of Man.

Dorset, Sussex, Somerset, Berks, Surrey, Suffolk, Cheshire and Yorkshire (in- crease). Wilts (slight increase). Gla- morgan, Worcester, Notts, Derby, Lincoln, Cumberland.

Kent, Berks, Surrey, Worcester and Staffordshire (increase). Oxford (slight increase). Somerset (decrease). Bed- ford, Merioneth.

Sussex, Somerset, Surrey, Herts, Nor- thampton, Staffordshire, Norfolk, Lincoln and Yorkshire (increase). Middlesex and Merioneth (slight increase). Kent and Berks (decrease). Brecon, Here- ford, Warwick, Lancashire.

Dorset, Kent, Glamorgan, Shropshire and Leicester (increase). Hereford (slight increase). Merioneth (decrease). Cam- bridge, Montgomery, Carnarvon, West- moreland.

Devon, Essex, Worcester, Shropskire, Notts, Norfolk, Lincoln and Cumberland (increase). Dorset, Glamorgan and Suffolk (decrease). Radnor, Mont- gomery, Northumberland.

Dorset, Hants, Kent, Norfolk, Yorkshire, Westmoreland, Cumberland and Nor- thumberland (increase), Carmarthen (slight increase). Denbigh, Clyde.

Devon, Hants, Berks, Middlesex, Gla- morgan, Shropshire, Leicester, Denbigh and Yorkshire (increase).

Bedford, Cheshire, Yorkshire and Cumber- land (inerease). Clyde (slight increase). Hereford (usual numbers).

21st/22nd. Hants light.

April

99

99

22nd.

22nd/23rd.

23rd.

24th.

26th. Stub: 28th. 29th. 30th. Ist.

1st/2nd. 2nd.

3rd. 3rd/4th. Ath.

4th/5th. 5th.

91

Wilts, Middlesex, Glamorgan, Montgomery, Carnarvon and Lancashire (increase). Isle of Wight (few).

Hants light.

Warwick (increase). Cheshire (usual numbers).

Dorset and Somerset (increase). Clyde (generally distributed).

Cornwall, Kent, Somerset, Carmarthen, Glamergan, Oxford, Radnor, Northamp- ton, Worcester, Merioneth, Lancashire, Westmoreland and Northumberland (in- crease). Cambridge (decrease). Surrey (usual numbers). Lancashire (nest with eggs).

Gloucester and Brecon (increase). Oxford (decrease) .

Hants, Berks, Oxford, Leicester, York- shire and Cumberland (increase).

Wilts (increase). Berks (decrease).

Devon, Staffordshire and Norfolk (in- crease). Durham (slight increase) Somerset (nest with eg).

Berks, Herts, Radnor, Warwick ana Merioneth (increase).

Devon, Herts, Essex, Oxford, Staffordshire and Lancashire (increase). Merioneth (decrease, nest ready).

Hants light.

Berks, Merioneth and Deion (increase). Radnor (decrease). Wilts (usual num- bers). Devon (nesting).

Sussex (increase). Kent (nesting).

Hants and Kent lights.

Cornwall, Kent and Berks (increase). Warwick (decrease).

Hants, Kent and Isle of Man lights.

Sussex (increase). Kent (decrease).

G2

5th/6th. 6th. 7th. 8th.

8th/9th. 9th.

9th/10th.

10th. iho, 12th. Laie on. 14th. 15th. 16th.

17th.

17th/18th.

18th.

18th/19th.

Zst.

22nd. 23rd. 24th.

26th. 29th/30th.

92 Kent lights.

Derby (increase). Hants (usual numbers).

Kent and Warwick (increase).

Kent (decrease). Lincoln (nest half built).

Hssex light.

Dorset, Suffolk, Merioneth and Cheshire (increase). Carmarthen (usual num- bers).

Lundy Island light.

Devon and Sussex (increase).

Radnor (increase). Sussex (decrease).

Yorkshire (increase). Derby (nest ready for eggs).

Kent and Yorkshire (increase). Warwick (nesting).

Anglesey (numerous). Yorkshire (de- crease). Kent (two nests with eggs). Cardigan (slight increase). Radnor (nests

with eggs).

Yorkshire (increase). Norfolk (about 50 passing).

Surrey (nesting).

Hants light.

Yorkshire (decrease).

Hants light.

Cheshire (nest ready for eggs).

Suffolk (nest with eggs).

Berks and Yorkshire (increase).

Yorkshire (decrease). Carnarvon (two nests with eggs).

Cumberland Gas with eggs).

Severn Estuary light.

93

THE WOOD-WARBLER. Phylloscopus sibilatrix (Bechst.).

THE records of this species are too incomplete to furnish definite evidence as to its points of arrival, but it seems to have appeared along most of the south coast. The earliest arrival was reported in Berkshire on the 11th of April ; stragglers were recorded in Hampshire, Somersetshire, Hert- fordshire, Brecon, Herefordshire, Staffordshire and Leicester- shire up to the 21st, many were noted from Westmoreland on the 25th, and by the end of the month the species was thinly distributed over the country.

In May the immigration of Wood-Warblers became more marked, reaching its maximum during the second and third weeks of the month, after which the birds seem to have become widely distributed over the kingdom. There was only one lighthouse record of a single bird killed at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of 18th/19th of May.

Nests with eggs were found in Merioneth on the 24th o May, in Radnor on the 26th, and an unfinished nest in Dorsetshire on the 31st.

lear)

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDs.

April 11th. Berks.

13th. Staffordshire. 14th. Leicester. 16th. Somerset. 17th. Hants, Herts. 20th, Brecon.

21st. Hereford. 22nd. _— Isle of Wight. 23rd. Devon, Kent.

24th. 25th. 26th. 27th. 28th. 29th. Ist. 2nd. 3rd. Ath. 5th. 6th. 7th. 8th. 9th.

1 ieley,

12th. 13th. 14th. Voth 16th.

17th.

18th. 18th/19th.

19th. 21st.

22nd. 23rd. 24th. 26th. olste

94

Devon (decrease).

Surrey, Derby, Yorkshire, Westmoreland.

Gloucester.

Sussex, Dorset.

Wilts.

Shropshire.

Shropshire (increase). Cheshire.

Shropshire (further increase).

Yorkshire (increase). Worcester, Lincoln.

Radnor, Carnarvon, Northumberland.

Bedford.

Hants (usual numbers).

Berks (slight increase).

Surrey (slight increase). Carmarthen.

Radnor and Lincoln (increase). Devon (usual numbers). Glamorgan, North- ampton.

Northumberland (slight increase). Norfolk, Lancashire.

Suffolk, Cardigan, Merioneth.

Merioneth (decrease).

Radnor (increase). Warwick.

Anglesey.

Lincoln (slight increase). Radnor (de- crease).

Yorkshire and Northumberland (increase). Oxford, Cumberland.

Merioneth (slight increase).

Hants light.

Merioneth (increase).

Dorset and Radnor (increase).

Durham.

Lancashire (increase).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Radnor (nest with eggs).

Dorset (an unfinished nest).

ite) On

THE REED-WARBLER. Acrocephalus streperus (Vieill.).

Tur Reed-Warbler is one of those species whose movements were difficult to trace ; if appears to have entered the country along the whole of the south coast, but more especially along the south-eastern portion. The first record was received from Sussex on the 17th of April. Many were observed in Dorset- shire on the 29th, and a few more on the 2nd of May, but they had all passed on by the following day, as also had the few recorded in Cornwall and Devonshire on the 1st and 11th of May respectively. The only reported occurrence of the Reed- Warbler in Hampshire was that of a single bird killed at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, on the night of the 18th/19th of May.

The majority of immigrants appear to have arrived during the first three weeks in May. A nest with eggs was found in Sussex on the 23rd of that month, while on the same date a partially built nest was found in Somersetshire, likewise one in Suffolk on the 25th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April 17th. Sussex. 27th. Leicester. a4 29th. Dorset, Somerset. oe 30th. Dorset (passed on). Kent, Surrey, Norfolk. May Ist. Sussex (increase). Cornwall, Shropshire, Cheshire. 2nd. Dorset (few). Cornwall (passed on), Sussex (decrease). Wilts, Cambridge.

3rd. Ath. 5th. 8th. 9th. 10th. alah

12th. 13th. 15th. 16th. 17th.

18th/19th. 19th. 20th. 22nd.

ere

25th.

96

Kent (increase). Dorset (passed on).

Essex, Suffolk.

Bedford.

Herts, Staffordshire.

Dorset and Sussex (increase).

Glamorgan.

Norfolk and Cheshire (increase). Devon, Lancashire.

Suffolk (increase). Devon (passed on).

Berks.

Sussex (increase).

Cambridge (slight increase).

Cambridge and Norfolk (decrease). Ox- ford.

Hants light.

Berks (nest). Middlesex.

Cambridge (slight increase).

Lincoln.

Somerset (increase, nesting). Sussex (nest with egg). Warwick.

Suffolk (nesting).

THE SEDGE-WARBLER. Acrocephalus phragmitis (Bechst.).

THE records from the counties along the south coast were somewhat scanty, so that it is difficult to make any very definite statement as to the points of entry of this species, but it apparently arrived along the whole of the southern coast- line. The first arrival noted was in Kent on the 2nd of April, after which there were no further records until the 16th, when arrivals were reported in Hampshire, Somerset and Herefordshire. The usual numbers of breeding-birds were said to have arrived in the last-named county by the 21st, and by the end of the month the species was scattered sparingly over the country as far north as Yorkshire.

Between the Ist and the 6th of May there was a considerable influx of Sedge-Warblers, and large numbers were observed passing St. Catherine’s and Dungeness lights on several nights. An extension northward took place towards the middle of the month, stragglers arriving in the Clyde area on the 10th and in Lancashire and Cumberland on the 11th, while there was an increase in the number of birds in both the latter counties on the 16th. Migratory movements continued (though on a smaller scale) up to the end of the month, and even later, as numbers of birds were seen passing Bardsey light on the night of the 2nd/3rd of June.

A nest was found in Radnor on the 22nd of May, and nests with eggs in Derbyshire on the 27th, in Suffolk on the 28th and in Hertfordshire on the 29th.

93

SEDGE-WARBLER.

M. = May | Dates without initial are |/|., in April © ;

99

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

2nd. 16th. 7th: 18th. Palisit 22nd. 23rd.

24th. 25th. 26th. 28th. 29th. 30th.

1st.

1st/2nd. 2nd.

Bel 3rd/4th. Ath, Ath/5th. 5th. 6th.

8th. 9th.

10th. lutein

12th.

Kent.

Hants, Somerset, Hereford.

Herts.

Essex.

Hereford (usual numbers). Dorset.

Sussex, Wilts.

Hssex (increase). Bedford, Suffolk, Cheshire.

Norfolk.

Devon, Cambridge, Yorkshire.

Gloucester.

Shropshire.

Dorset (increase). Surrey.

Dorset and Wilts (increase). Berks, Staffordshire.

Sussex (increase). Herts (slight increase). Merioneth.

Hants light.

Dorset and Hants (increase). Sussex (de- crease). Northampton, Warwick.

Kentand Cambridge (increase). Worcester.

Hants and Kent lights.

Glamorgan, Oxford.

Hants light.

Hants, Berks and Bedford (increase).

Dorset (increase). Cheshire (slight in- crease).

Carnarvon.

Northampton, Suffolk, Shropshire and Cheshire (increase).

Yorkshire (slight increase). Radnor, Leicester.

Staffordshire (slight increase). Notts, Lancashire, Cumberland.

Merioneth (slight increase). Notts (de- crease). Derby.

9)

June

14th. 15th.

16th.

ivi

17th/18th. 18th. 22nd.

23rd. 25th. 26th. 27th. 28th. 29th. 2nd/drd.

100

Suffolk and Cheshire (increase).

Sussex, Glamorgan, Derby and Yorkshire (ancrease). Cornwall.

Cambridge, Lancashire and Cumberland (increase). Carnarvon (usual numbers). Isle of Man.

Oxford, Warwick and Yorkshire (in- crease).

Hants light.

Kent (increase).

Cornwall (increase). Radnor (nest ready for eggs). Northumberland.

Shropshire and Cumberland (increase).

Nottingham (increase).

Nottingham (decrease).

Derby (nest with eggs).

Suffolk (nest with eggs).

Herts and Radnor (nests with eggs).

Carnarvon light.

101

THE WHITE WAGTAIL. Motacilla alba, L.

Tue records of the White Wagtail were not very numerous and were somewhat puzzling ; for up to the 24th of April the majority were from the south-eastern and midland counties, whereas after that date they were chiefly from the west. The data were, however, much too scanty to enable any deductions to be drawn from this somewhat curious dis- tribution. The first birds noticed were in Brecon on the 10th and 11th of March, subsequently they were only noted in Wales on the 18th of March and the 3rd of April until the end of the latter month. Stragglers were recorded from Sussex on the 14th, 22nd and 26th of March, from Surrey on the 20th, and from Leicestershire, Middlesex, Somerset, Cheshire and Lancashire during the first three weeks of April. There may possibly have been a small immigration into Sussex, Surrey and Lincolnshire between the 21st and the 23rd. From the 28th of April onwards all the records come from Wales and Cheshire, with the exception of one bird taken at St. Catherine’s light on the 4th/5th of May, two seen in Suffolk on the 12th of May, and single birds in Northampton- shire on the 9th and 16th and in Yorkshire on the 22nd. There appears to have been an increase between the 25th of April and the 1st of May and again between the 14th and 15th of May in Wales and Cheshire, but no definite movements could be traced.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 10th. Brecon.

14th. Sussex. 18th. Brecon.

3°

99

102

March 20th. Surrey. a 22nd. Sussex, Leicester. 0 25th. Brecon. a 31st. Clyde. April drd. Middlesex, Cardigan, Clyde. 33 10th. Somerset. ve 11th. Cheshire. rs 12th. Sussex. es 14th. Lancashire. i. 15th. Somerset. fe 16th. Sussex. 2 21st. Surrey, Derby, Montgomery. S 22nd. Sussex. 2 23rd. Lincoln. 5 29th/30th. Merioneth. 4 30th. Cheshire. May 2nd. Dorset. » 4th/5th. Hants light. ce ¥th. Northampton. e 12th. Suffolk. ites 14th. Anglesey. = 15th. Carnarvon. 16th, Northampton. 22nd. Yorkshire.

103

THE YELLOW WAGTAIL.

Motacilla rati (Bonap.).

BretweeEn the 26th of March and the 10th of April a few individuals of this species were noted in some of the southern and eastern counties, the only inland record being from Leicestershire on the 1st of April. From the 10th to the 13th the occurrences, became more numerous and the first marked immigration appears to have commenced on the latter date. By the 16th the species had reached N. Wales, Staffordshire, Derby, Lancashire, Cheshire and Yorkshire, and it seems probable that during the following days further (but unrecorded) arrivals must have taken place on the western half of the south coast. These arrivals, together with another small immigration on the east on the 25th of April, led to an increase in numbers in parts of the area already occupied and to an extension of range in the west and north, a party of males being noted in the Clyde area on the 21st.

The next immigration commenced on the 28th in Kent, and birds continued to arrive on the south and south-east coasts during the following week, spreading out to the north and north-west in a similar manner to the previous arrivals. By the 16th of May all had apparently settled down in their breeding-haunts. The first nest with eggs was recorded from Sussex on the 15th, but full clutches were apparently not general till towards the end of the month.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 26th. Dorset. x 27th. Cambridge. April Ist. Leicester.

104

YELLOW WAGTAIL.

\

:

BNELAND.!

| \

|

\

in April

M. = May

Dates without initial are

April

99

2nd.

8th. 10th. etches 12th. 13th. 14th. 15th. 16th. Weer 18th. 19th. 21st. 23rd. 24th. 25th.

26th. 28th. 29th.

_ 30th.

Ist.

Ist/2nd.

2nd.

ard/4th.

Ath. 5th. 6th. 7th. sth. Oth.

11th.

14th. 15th.

16h.

105

Hssex.

Somerset, Wilts.

Devon, Kent, Shropshire.

Somerset (increase).

Somerset (increase).

Kent (increase). Cheshire.

Suffolk, Denbigh, Lancashire, Yorkshire.

Surrey, Glamorgan, Northampton.

Sussex, Worcester, Staffordshire.

Herts, Montgomery, Derby.

Cheshire (increase). Hants, Bedford.

Montgomery (slight inerease). Clyde.

Clyde Ginerease). Brecon, Nottingham.

Montgomery (decrease). Dorset, Berks.

Nortolk.

Surrey (increase). Glamorgan (slight increase). Westmoreland.

Lancashire (increase).

Kent (increase).

Lincoln.

Kent (usual numbers). Radnor.

Montgomery (increase). Middlesex.

Hants light.

Dorset (increase). Cambridge.

Hants light.

Essex (slight increase).

Bedford (increase).

Cheshire (increase).

Warwick.

Derby (increase).

Brecon and Yorkshire (iner ay Merio- neth.

Oxford.

Anglesey, Northumberland.

Sussex and Glamorgan (increase). Car- narvon (passing). Sussex (nest with eggs).

Cambridge (inerease).

17th.

20th. Darde 26th.

106

Cambridge (decrease). Northumberland (nest with eggs).

Lincoln (nesting).

Shropshire (increase).

Radnor (young hatched). Derby (nest with eggs).

107

THE TREE-PIPIT. Anthus trivialis (1L.).

THE first immigration of this species took place on the Kent and Sussex coasts between the 11th and 13th of April. This was followed by further arrivals on the 15th and 16th, and by the 17th some individuals had reached Worcestershire, Staffordshire, Lincoln and Northamptonshire. Between the 18th and 21st Tree-Pipits were steadily arriving in the south- east and slowly extending their range throughout the country ; the first records from Wales and Derbyshire being on the 20th and 21st, from Cumberland on the 25th, from Westmoreland on the 28th, and from the Clyde area on the Ist of May. A fresh arrival was noted in Sussex on the 27th, and on the same day an increase in numbers was noted in Leicester- shire, Shropshire and Cheshire. Further arrivals reached Kent and Hampshire on the 4th and 5th of May, and these evidently contributed to the marked increase recorded in the west and north during the following five or six days. On the 10th/11th some were taken at the Kentish Knock light-vessel, and an increase was noted in Lincolnshire, York- shire and Northumberland during the three following days. Between the 15th and 19th a further increase was noted in several of the western counties, which possibly points to an unrecorded immigration having reached our shores about the first-named day. The earliest nesting record was of a pair building in Radnor on the 15th, and after the 20th nesting became general.

‘HRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. oral ey Vuh: Cheshire. ie 10th. Oxford. ie itil Kent, Northampton.

108

TREE-PIPIT.

ARD WAL 8.

Kuglis

SNOLAN D.

M. = May

Dates without initial are

3°

| —— }

fi. io eS oa

April

29

29

12th. 12th/13th,

14th.

15th.

16th.

ithe 18th. 20th. Pals

22nd. 23rd. 24th. 25th. 26th.

2(th.

28th. 29th. 30th.

2nd.

3rd. 3rd/4th.

Ath. Ath/5th.

9th.

10th.

109 Berks.

Sussex light.

Sussex, Surrey, Essex, Shropshire.

Kent and Shropshire (increase). Somerset, Middlesex.

Surrey and Northampton (increase). Wor- cester, Suffolk, Staffordshire, Lincoln.

Herts, Cambridge, Leicester.

Sussex (increase). Devon, Gloucester.

Somerset(slightincrease). Dorset, Radnor.

Merioneth, Montgomery, Derby.

Wilts, Glamorgan, Norfolk.

Bedford.

Warwick.

Cheshire (slight increase). Cumberland.

Northampton (decrease). Hants, Notting- ham.

Shropshire, Leicester and Cheshire (in- crease). Sussex (slight increase). Car- narvon, Westmoreland.

Staffordshire and Cumberland (increase).

Sussex (decrease).

Radnor and Merioneth (increase). Cardi- gan, Yorkshire.

Surrey, Warwick, Montgomery and York- shire (increase). Merioneth (decrease). Carmarthen, Lancashire, Clyde.

Glamorgan and Cheshire (increase). Berks (usual numbers). Durham.

Northampton (increase).

Kent light.

Cumberland (increase).

Hants light.

Carmarthen and Derby (large increase). Cheshire (usual numbers).

Merioneth, Staffordshire, Leicester and Westmoreland (increase). Durham (large increase).

110

May 10th/11th. Essex light.

etc?

12th. 14th.

15th.

16th.

19th.

20th.

PALS

22nd.

26th. Tt 29th.

Merioneth (increase). Lincoln and York- shire (slight increase).

Merioneth (decrease).

Northumberland (increase). Bedford (slight increase).

Westmoreland (large increase). Radnor (nesting).

Surrey, Shropshire, Carnarvon and Lanca- shire (increase).

Merioneth (increase).

Warwick (nest with eggs).

Lincoln (increase). Radnor (nest with egos). |

Herts (slight increase). Kent (decrease). Somerset (nest with eggs).

Derby (nest with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Kent (nest ready for eggs).

Tete

THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE. Lanius collurio, L.

THIS species appears to have arrived principally on the south-east coast extending as far west as Hampshire.

It was first reported from Suffolk on the 29th and from Shropshire on the 30th of April. An examination of the Chronological Summary shows that it is little more than a record of the earliest arrivals and does not indicate the passage of the birds into, and through, the country. There were no records of the occurrence of the Red-backed Shrike at any of the lights.

Nests with eggs were found in Somerset on the 25th of May, in Sussex and Wiltshire on the 28th, and in Glamorgan on the 29th. Nests were also reported in Radnor on the 27th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDs.

April 29th. Suffolk. 30th. Shropshire. May 6th. Hants. 7th, Northampton. 9th. Berks (usual numbers). 11th. Sussex. th Somerset. Bile Kent, Wilts, Worcester. 14th. Kent (slight increase). 15th. Kent (decrease). 16th. Surrey, Herts. 17th. Devon, Gloucester, Oxford, Leicester.

28th. 29th.

112

Herts (slight increase). Dorset, Middlesex, Radnor, Warwick, Norfolk.

Glamorgan, Lincoln.

Middlesex (slight increase).

Wilts (increase).

Merioneth.

Radnor (increase). Somerset (nest with eves).

Radnor (nests).

Sussex and Wilts (nests with eggs).

Glamorgan (nest with eggs).

113

THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa grisola, L.

TuIs species was remarkable on account of the lateness of its arrival in 1910, and it seems doubtful if the majority of the birds had reached their nesting-quarters before our spring observations had been brought to an end. Up to the end of the first week of May only a few solitary and widely scattered individuals had been reported to the south of latitude 53° N., but between the 9th and 22nd the records received from all parts of the country showed that the Spotted Fly- catcher was becoming rather more generally distributed. The movements were difficult to trace, but there appear to have been small immigrations, chiefly in the west, about the 9th, 16th, 19th and 25th of May, that on the 19th being the largest and having the most marked effect on the bird’s distribution. Our systematic records ceased at the end of May, but there was evidently a large immigration, possibly containing the bulk of our breeding-birds, which was noted in Devonshire, Kent, Wales and Staftordshire between the 28th of May and the 5th of June. With the exception of a nest ready for eggs in Sussex on the 29th of May no records of its nesting were received. ~

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

Jgorenlk Mayan Shropshire, Wanee Sussex. 25th. Suffolk. 27th. Cheshire, 29th. Hssex.

99

Ist. 3rd. Tiras sth. Oia

10th. 11th. 15th. 16th.

17th.

18th. 18th/19th. 19th. 20th. 21st. 22nd.

23rd.

owls

Tienne 2nd/3rd.

39

9

le 5th.

114

Dorset.

Northampton.

Leicester.

Isle of Wight, Somerset.

Northampton and Shropshire (increase).

Leicester (increase).

Northumberland.

Oxford.

Shropshire and Northumberland (increase). Cambridge, Isle of Man.

Berks, Middlesex, Worcester, Warwick, Cumberland.

Carnarvon, Lincoln, Westmoreland.

Hants light.

Wilts, Staffordshire, Norfolk.

Surrey, Radnor, Merioneth, Durham.

Carmarthen, Gloucester.

Cambridge (increase). Herts.

Shropshire (usual numbers). Nottingham, Lancashire.

Sussex and Merioneth (slight increase). Devon, Yorkshire.

Kent (local breeding-birds arrived).

Sussex (nest ready for eggs). Derby.

Carnarvon light.

Staffordshire (local breeding-birds arrived).

Carmarthen light.

THE PIED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa atricapilla, L.

THE notes on this species, which were very few, do not indicate any definite movements. The earliest records were from Brecon on the 11th of April, Sussex on the 17th, the Isle of Wight on the 22nd, Shropshire and Staffordshire on the 26th and 27th, and Westmoreland on the following day. On the night of May the Ist/2nd it occurred at St. Catherine’s light, Isle of Wight, and on the 6th an increase was noted in Westmoreland.

The only records from the eastern counties were of single birds observed in Sussex on the 17th and 29th of April and the 18th of May, in Norfolk on the 15th of May, in Lincoln on the 20th, and of two in Yorkshire on the 21st; there would thus appear to have been a small migration along the east coast between those dates. All the other records were from the west, and the first eggs were noted in Merioneth on the 25th of May.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April ith. Brecon. 17th. Sussex. 22nd. Isle of Wight.

a 26th. Shropshire.

. 2h ole Staffordshire.

Es 28th. Westmoreland.

- Zour Sussex, Denbigh. May Ist. Cheshire (passing).

Ist/2nd. Hants light.

29

Ath. 6th. 7th. 9th. 11th. 13th. 14th. Ways ck 18th. 20th.

21st.

22nd. otis 29th.

116 Derby.

Westmoreland (increase).

Montgomery.

Radnor.

Cumberland.

Cardigan.

Radnor (increase).

Norfolk.

Sussex, Merioneth.

Lincoln (passing).

Merioneth (increase). Radnor (nesting). Yorkshire.

Merioneth (further increase).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Radnor (nest with eggs).

DG)

THE SWALLOW. Hirundo rustica (L.).

SWALLOWS arrived along the whole of the south coast. A single bird was observed in Sussex on the 27th of March, while a few were reported in Devonshire, Hampshire, Somer- setshire, Wiltshire, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Yorkshire between the 1st and the 10th of April.

There was a very large wave of immigration between the 11th and 14th, and the first arrival of the Swallow was noted in thirty-five out of the forty-eight counties that sent in reports. By the 1éth the species was numerously distributed all over the country, having reached Northumberland on the 12th and Cumberland on the 13th.

From the 18th of April to the 16th of May daily observa- tions of passing Swallows were received from the Nab light- vessel, Hampshire, the records varying from a few birds seen between the hours of 6 a.m. and 3 P.M. to numbers observed all day on the 30th April, and between the 14th and 16th of May. After the first great rush mentioned above it was difficult to trace with any certainty the passage of the succeeding waves of immigrants, as by the end of April the whole country was thickly populated with Swallows.

On the night of the 29th another large migratory move- ment was observed in Devonshire, and there was likewise a great increase in Suffolk. Arrivals continued all through the month of May, as was shown by the records from the various lights as well as by the notes of land observers. Many were seen passing in Cornwall on the 4th, a few on the south coast of Sussex on the 9th, and many at the same place on the 16th, on which date there was a marked increase in the number of Swallows in Northumberland. On the

118

SWALLOW.

BH A ELAR a WALE 3.

Rngliah Milae

Alldatesarein April. | The first two migrations ||.)

only are shown.

inal)

3rd and 6th of June birds were seen at one of the Severn Hstuary lights passing north all day singly or in pairs.

Swallows were nesting in Hampshire on the 18th of April, in Devonshire on the 22nd, in Staffordshire on the Ist of May, and in Cumberland on the 9th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE Recorps.

March 27th. Sussex. mpril 2nd. Devon, Somerset. 7 3rd. Clyde.

i Ath. Herts. 4 6th. Norfolk. a 7th. Hants.

ip 10th. Isle of Wight (few). Wilts, Yorkshire.

i 11th. Severn Hstuary light. Devon (increase). Dorset, Kent, Berks, Pembroke, Gla- morgan, Gloucester, Oxford, North- ampton, Suffolk, Shropshire, Stafford- shire, Leicester, Cheshire.

D> 12th. Kssex light. Devon, Dorset, Kent and Somerset (increase). Cornwall, Surrey, Essex, Brecon, Worcester, Warwick, Lincoln, Northumberland.

a 13th. Carmarthen light. Devon, Hants, Kent and Hssex (increase). Yorkshire (slight increase). Radnor, Cambridge, Cardigan, Montgomery, Carnarvon, Isle of Man, Cumberland.

1Ath. Pembroke light. Sussex, Surrey, Shrop- shire, Cheshire and Isle of Man (increase) Montgomery and Clyde (slight increase). Devon (decrease). Middlesex, Carmar- then, Merioneth, Denbigh, Derby, Not- tingham, Lancashire.

. 15th. Cornwall, Staffordshire, Leicester, Lincoln and Lancashire (increase). Somerset, Suffolk, Berks and Cumberland (slight

April 15th (con.).

2)

3”

-})

35

55

39

39

35

16th.

th.

18th.

19th.

20th.

Dist:

22nd,

23rd.

24th.

25th.

120

increase). Merioneth (decrease). Bed- ford, Westmoreland.

Devon, Kent, Surrey, Middlesex, North- ampton and Cumberland (increase). Herts (slight increase). Hereford.

Dorset, Sussex, Wilts, Surrey, Gloucester, Oxford, Herts, Warwick and Carnarvon (increase). Hssex and Nottingham (slight increase). Montgomery.

Hants light. Dorset, Kent, Somerset, Glamorgan, Essex, Radnor, Shropshire, Norfolk, Denbigh and Cumberland (in- crease). Wilts, Oxford and Nottingham (decrease). Hants (nesting).

Hants light. Isle of Wight, Dorset, Wilts, Oxford, Montgomery and Westmoreland (increase). Glamorgan and Warwick (decrease),

Hants and Carmarthen lights. Sussex, Leicester, Yorkshire and Cumberland (increase). Merioneth (slight increase).

Hants and Carmarthen lights. Glamorgan and Yorkshire (increase). Clyde (num- bers).

Hants light. Somerset, Wilts and Lanca- shire (increase). Oxford and Radnor (decrease). Devon (nesting).

Hants and Lundy Island lights. Hants, Somerset, Berks, Glamorgan, Bedford, Warwick, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase).

Hants light. Hants, Norfolk and Cum- berland (increase). Cornwall (decrease).

Hants light. Somerset, Wilts, Oxford, Carmarthen, Brecon, Merioneth, Norfolk, Denbigh and Laneashire (increase). Gloucester and Northumberland (slight increase). Yorkshire (decrease).

26th. 27th.

28th.

29th.

30th.

Ist.

2nd.

3rd.

4th.

5th.

6th.

7th.

8th.

121

Hants light. Lincoln (increase).

Hants light. Cambridge and Yorkshire (increase). Denbigh (decrease).

Hants light. Hants, Kent, Radnor and Suffolk (increase). Berks, Essex and Lincoln (decrease).

Hants and Carmarthen lights. Cornwall, Berks, Essex, Notts and Lincoln (in- crease). Devon (a large migratory, movement at night). Suffolk (great in- crease). Kent and Herts (decrease).

Hants light. Berks, Carmarthen, Herts, Merioneth, Warwick and Yorkshire (in- crease). Cardigan (slight increase). Kent (usual numbers).

Oxford, Herts, Cambridge, Warwick, Staffordshire and Westmoreland (in- crease). Hants (slight increase). Berks and Merioneth (decrease). Suf- folk (slight decrease). Staffordshire (nesting).

Hants light. Dorset, Cambridge and Westmoreland (increase). Hants and Warwick (decrease). Durham.

Hants and Kent lights. Warwick (in- crease). Gloucester (decrease).

Hants light. Berks, Essex and Norfolk (increase). Cornwall (many passing). Warwick (decrease).

Hants light. Hants (increase).

Hants light. Suffolk, Derby and Durham (increase).

Hants light. Berks and Warwick (in- crease). Argyll.

Hants light. Warwick and Cheshire (in- crease). Suffolk (decrease). Somerset (nesting).

May

99

99

”

9th.

10th.

11th.

12th.

13th.

14th.

15th. 16th.

17tb.

18th.

19th.

20th.

alist

22nd.

22nd/23rd.

23rd.

24th.

122

Hants light. Somerset and Hants (in- crease). Sussex (a few passing). Warwick and Notts (decrease). Staf- fordshire (usual numbers). Cumberland (nesting).

Hants — light. Cambridge (increase).

Somorses (nest with eggs). Warwick (nesting).

Hants light. Cornwall (decrease).

Hants light. Warwick, Lancashire and Yorkshire (increase). Cambridge (de- crease). Lincoln (nest with eges

Devon, Suffolk, Cardigan and Younis (inerease). Lancashire (decrease).

Hants light. Herts, Oxford, Radnor and Northumberland (increase). Cheshire and Yorkshire (decrease). Anglesey.

Hants light. Westmoreland (increase).

Hants light. Surrey, Cambridge, Cheshire and Lancashire (increase). Northum- berland (great increase). Carnarvon (settled). Sussex (many passing).

Gloucester and Surrey (increase). Cam- bridge and Cheshire (decrease).

Severn Estuary light. Warwick and Isle of Man (increase). Surrey (decrease). Severn Hstuary light. Hants and Cheshire

(increase). Kee (nesting).

Carmarthen light. Cornwall and Cheshire (decrease). Shropshire (nest with ege

Carmarthen light. Radnor (nesting).

Cornwall, Cheshire and Yorkshire (in- crease). Isle of Man (decrease).

Carmarthen light.

Hants, Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Shropshire (usual numbers).

Isle of Man (increase). Yorkshire (de-

crease).

123

May 25th. Yorkshire (increase). 26th. Severn Hstuary light.

5 29th. Carmarthen light. Surrey (increase). Yorkshire (decrease). ‘3 d1st. Devon (increase).

June 3rd, 6th,

Lis Gea } Severn Estuary light.

ly

124

HOUSH-MARTIN,

M. = May

All other dates are in Apri

THE HOUSEHE-MARTIN. Chelidon urbica (1..).

TuIs species arrived along the whole of the south coast. The earliest records included three birds seen in Hampshire on the 28th of March, and two in Shropshire on the 30th. House-Murtins had reached Cheshire and Durham on the 9th of April; a slight increase was noted in the latter county on the 10th, and a large increase on the 11th, on which day the first bird appeared in the Clyde area.

An increase in Devonshire on the 13th of April, and arrivals in Cornwall, Dorsetshire and Hampshire on the same day, followed by a further increase in Devonshire on the two following days, indicated that the immigratory stream had now fairly set in. On the 18th about 300 birds were observed passing in Suffolk, and a large flock, also on passage, was reported from Kent on the 19th. On the 29th another large migratory movement was recorded in Deyon- shire, and by that date the species had become widely dis- tributed, but fresh arrivals continued to pour into the country throughout May. A great increase was recorded in Glamorgan on the 13th, and in Northumberland on the 1tth, while, on the latter date, observers in Carnarvon noted numbers passing throughout the day. By the middle of the month the birds had begun to settle down in their haunts, and no very marked movements took place after the 21st. The full complement of nesting-birds had not, however, arrived in the south-eastern counties until the last week of the month.

House-Martins were building in Surrey and Suffolk on the 16th of May, in Somersetshire and Middlesex on the 18th, and in Lincolnshire and Lancashire on the 19th.

126

The only lighthouse records included several birds seen at one of the Pembrokeshire lights on 19th/20th of May, and several passing north at one of the Severn Estuary lights on the 29th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 28th. Hants. i 30th. Shropshire. April 2nd. Devon. EF Ath. Wilts. a 5th. Suffolk. - 9th. Cheshire, Durham. e 10th. Durham (slight increase). Herts. i 11th. Durham (large increase). 12th. Sussex.

‘ 13th. Devon and Hants (increase). Cornwall, Dorset, Somerset, Surrey, Staffordshire, Yorkshire.

5s 14th. Devon (increase). Hssex, Leicester.

R 15th. Devon (further increase). Bedford.

Ss 16th. Kent, Berks, Worcester, Carnarvon.

rr 17th. Essex (increase). Cornwall (slight in-

crease). Devon (decrease).

“7 18th. Hants and Hssex (increase). Suffolk (about 300 passing). Cambridge, Nor- folk, Cumberland.

i 19th. Kent (large flock passing). Hants (de- crease). Denbigh, Westmoreland, Isle

of Man. * 20th. Northumberland. is 21st. Bedford and Yorkshire (increase). Cum-

berland (slight increase). Hants (de- crease). Derby.

3 22nd. Glamorgan, Gloucester, Hereford.

. 28rd. Dorset, Staffordshire, Leicestershire and Yorkshire (increase). Devon (slight increase). Merioneth, Montgomery.

April

24th.

Zoi.

27th.

28th.

127

Hants (increase). Yorkshire (decrease). Middlesex.

Northumberland (increase). Somerset, Surrey and Cheshire (slight increase). Suffolk and Merioneth (decrease). Isle of Wight (few). Carmarthen, North- ampton, Lancashire.

Leicester (increase).

Wilts, Shropshire and Cumberland (in- crease). Glamorgan (slight increase). Hants and Essex (decrease).

Cornwall (increase). Devon (large migratory movement). Wilts and Lancashire (decrease). Warwick, Notts.

Wilts, Berks and Surrey (increase).

Glamorgan (increase). Wilts and Berks (decrease).

Dorset, Derby and Westmoreland (in- crease). Cheshire (slight increase). Lincoln.

Yorks (increase). Herts (slight increase).

Surrey and Norfolk (increase).

Hants (increase). Oxford.

Herts and Cumberland (increase). Nor- folk and Yorkshire (decrease).

Hants (increase). Cumberland (decrease).

Yorkshire and Cumberland (increase). Hants (decrease).

Dorset, Suffolk, Shropshire and West- moreland (increase). Essex (slight in- crease). Yorkshire (decrease).

Worcester (increase). Cardigan.

Worcester (decrease).

Glamorgan (increase).

Suffolk (Gnerease). Warwick (slight in- crease). Glamorgan (great increase). Kent, Herts, Shropshire and Northumber-

land (increase). Anglesey.

May

15th.

16th.

iene 18th.

19th. 19th/20th. 20th. 21st. 22nd.

23rd.

24th. 25th. 26th. 28th. 29th.

30th.

128

Carnarvon and Denbigh (increase). Cam- bridge (slight increase).

Hants, Kent, Berks, Wilts, Northampton, Shropshire, Denbigh and Cumberland (increase). Northumberland (large in- flux). Carnarvon (passing all day). Sussex (slight increase). Surrey and Suffolk (building).

Sussex and Yorkshire (increase).

Hssex and Yorkshire (increase). Isle of Man (slight increase). Somerset and Middlesex (nesting).

Warwick, Merioneth and Lineoln (in- crease). Lincoln and Lancashire (nesting).

Pembroke light.

Middlesex, Warwick and Merioneth (in- crease).

Wilts and Lincoln (increase). Cheshire (slight increase).

Somerset (increase).

Hants (increase). Kent and Cheshire slight increase). Shropshire and Cum- berland (usual numbers).

Middlesex (increase).

Kent (increase).

Middlesex (decrease).

Kent (increase).

Severn Estuary light. Wilts and Middle- sex (increase).

Herts (nest ready for eggs).

129

THE SAND-MARTIN. Cotile riparia (L.).

Tuts species entered the country along the whole of the south coast, but mainly between Cornwall and Hampshire. Its arrival was first reported in Somerset on the 21st of March. Stragelers occurred in Devonshire, Carmarthen, Glamorgan, Pembroke, Shropshire and Lancashire during the following ten days, but no very marked increase in numbers took place until about the middle of April, though on the 14th a small party was recorded from the Clyde area. On the 13th and 14th Sand-Martins were reported to be passing along the north coast of Devonshire in a continuous stream. A great increase was noted in Cheshire on the latter date, followed by largely increased numbers in Westmoreland on the 19th. The species was by this time widely distributed _all over the kingdom, but fresh arrivals continued to pass through the country up to the end of the month.

A great influx into Glamorgan on the 11th and 12th of May indicated a further large arrival in the west. These birds apparently passed rapidly northwards, as there was an increase on the 14th in Northumberland, and large numbers of newly arrived birds were noticed in that county two days later. The subsequent immigratory movements were ona much smaller scale, but birds on passage continued to arrive up to the end of the month. There were no records relating to this species from any of the lights.

Sand-Martins were nesting in Warwickshire on the Ist of May, and in Yorkshire on the 10th, while a nest with eggs was found in Radnor on the 28th.

130

= March.

Mch.

M. = 2

SAND-MARTIN.

April 2nd. ord. Ath. 6th. 8th. 9th.

10th.

ole

99

bp)

bP)

131

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. March 21st.

Donde: 24th. 25th. 28th. 30th.

31st.

12th.

13th.

13th & 14th.

14th,

15th. 16th. 17th.

18th.

19th.

Somerset.

Devon.

Carmarthen.

Shropshire.

Pembroke.

Glamorgan.

Lancashire.

Kent.

Northampton, Cheshire.

Shropshire (decrease).

Radnor.

Shropshire (increase).

Cheshire (increase). Hants.

Hants and Cheshire (increase). Herts.

Devon and Northampton (increase). Isle of Man.

Dorset, Surrey, Norfolk, Montgomery, Northumberland.

Hants and Montgomery (increase). Dorset (decrease). Sussex, Carnarvon, York- shire.

Devon (passing along the north coast in a continuous stream).

Northampton (increase). Cheshire (great increase). Cornwall, Suffolk, Stafford- shire, Anglesey, Cumberland, Clyde.

Gloucester, Bedford.

Dorset, Cheshire and Cumberland (in- crease). Middlesex, Merioneth.

Herts and Carnarvon (increase). Warwick, Montgomery, Leicester, Notts.

Radnor, Shropshire and Cumberland (in- crease). Dorset and Northampton (de- crease). Essex, Cambridge, Worcester.

Westmoreland (great increase).

20th.

21st.

22nd.

23rd.

24th.

25th.

5th. 6th.

132

Dorset, Gloucester and Cumberland (in- crease). Glamorgan (slight increase). Glamorgan and Yorkshire (increase).

Cumberland (decrease). Denbigh.

Glamorgan and Lancashire (increase). Radnor (decrease). Wilts, Berks.

Staffordshire, Shropshire and Yorkshire (increase). Essex and Cheshire (de- crease).

Hanis, Surrey, Carmarthen, Shropshire, Norfolk and Cheshire (increase). York- shire (decrease).

Devon, Somerset, Northampton, Norfolk, Cumberland and Northumberland (in- crease). Carnarvon and Lancashire (decrease). Cheshire (usual numbers).

Notts (increase).

Devon, Cambridge and Leicester (increase). Notts (decrease).

Dorset, Wilts and Suffolk (increase). Devon and Cambridge (decrease). Ox- ford, Derby.

Devon, Berks and Notts (increase).

Hants, Berks, Surrey, Suffolk, Carnarvon and Notts (increase). Merioneth (shght increase). Devon and Wilts (decrease).

Cornwall, Herts, Cambridge and Yorkshire (increase). Hants and Notts (decrease). Warwick (nesting). ’

Hants, Surrey, Cambridge and Derby (increase).

Devon, Herts, Northampton, Notts and Yorkshire (increase). Cambridge (de- crease). Gloucester (usual numbers).

Essex, Radnor and Yorkshire (increase). Devon and Notts (decrease).

Devon, Hants and Bedford (increase).

Devon, Oxford and Derby (increase).

133

Surrey, Leicester and Notts (increase). Radnor (decrease).

Notts (decrease).

Carmarthen and Staffordshire (usual num- bers). Durham.

Radnor (increase). Yorkshire (nesting).

Oxford (increase). Glamorgan (great influx). Radnor (decrease).

Suffolk and Durham (increase). Glamor- gan (great influx). Lancashire (slight increase).

Jornwall, Herts, Bedford and Northumber- land (increase).

Radnor (increase). Cardigan.

Cambridge and Shropshire (increase). Northumberland (great increase). Rad- nor (decrease). Worcester (usual num- bers).

Oxford and Norfolk (increase).

Oxford (decrease).

Cambridge (decrease).

Oxford, Radnor, Warwick and Durham (increase).

Radnor and Notts (increase).

Warwick (decrease).

Lancashire (increase).

Radnor (decrease).

Somerset and Herts (increase). Radnor (nest with eggs).

Radnor and Warwick (increase).

134

SWIFT.

o

= Apri. _

= June

Ab Dates without initial are

“Ap.

ENGLAND anv WALES

weg

Eel)

ft |

2

Sel |

THE SWIFT. Cypselus apus (L.).

THe Swift arrived along the whole of the south coast. The first record of the species came from Devonshire on the 23rd of April, and during the remainder of the month stragglers were reported from various counties as far north as West- moreland, where a single bird was observed on the 26th. Towards the end of the first week in May greater numbers began to arrive, and the increase continued until about the third week in that month. The migratory movement then became less marked until the 1st of June, when a final large immigration was noted in Devonshire. Apparently these birds passed northwards immediately, as a decrease was recorded on the following day.

A flock of about a hundred was observed in Somersetshire on the 23rd of June, but there was no information to show whether they were on passage, and, if so, in what direction they were flying.

There were only two records of this species from the lights, viz.: from the Nab light-vessel (Hampshire), where several were seen flying from south to north at noon on the 9th of May ; and from the Smalls light (Pembroke), where several were noted on the night of the 19th/20th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

evo Zord: Devon.

24th. Surrey.

3 25th. Cornwall, Dorset, Hants, Shropshire, Cheshire.

Ns 26th. Brecon, Montgomery, Yorkshire, West- moreland.

2th. 28th.

29th. 30th. Ist. 3rd. 6th.

7th. 8th.

9th.

10th.

11th.

Wiley,

13th.

14th.

15th:

16th.

136

Northampton.

Montgomery (slight increase), Sussex, Wilts.

Essex, Glamorgan.

Lincoln.

Montgomery (increase). Somerset, Staf- fordshire, Cumberland.

Dorset (increase).

Berks.

Herts.

Devon, Sussex, Somerset and Wilts (in- crease). Surrey, Berks and Shropshire (slight increase). Gloucester, Oxford, Bucks, Worcester.

Hants light. Dorset, Somerset and Shrop- shire (increase). Sussex (decrease). Middlesex, Carmarthen, Radnor, Norfolk, Leicester, Isle of Man.

Devon, Hants, Wilts, Glamorgan and Cheshire (increase). Kent, Cambridge, Cardigan, Warwick, Merioneth, Car- narvon, Derby, Lancashire.

Glamorgan (increase). Suffolk, Notting- ham.

Radnor, Merioneth, Shropshire and Staf- fordshire (increase). Devon (decrease). Denbigh.

Berks, Worcester and Merioneth (increase).

Devon, Sussex, Kent, Herts, Radnor, Shropshire and Leicester (increase). Carmarthen (slight increase). Merioneth (decrease). Bedford.

Cornwall, Sussex, Surrey, Oxford, Brecon, Carnarvon and Cheshire (increase), Gloucester and Cardigan (slight in- crease). Northumberland.

Sussex, Cambridge, Northampton, Car- narvon, Lancashire and Cumberland

May 16th (con.).

))

39

29

ZY)

39

17th.

18th. ul:

19th/20th. 20th.

list. 23rd.

24th. Zone 26th. 27th. 28th. 29th. 31st.

Uist

2nd. 23rd:

Meare

(increase). Gloucester (great increase). Shropshire (usual numbers).

Suffolk, Staffordshire, Leicester, Yorkshire and Northumberland (increase). Norfolk (slight increase).

Sussex, Kent, Hssex, Suffolk and Warwick (inerease). Oxford (decrease).

Hants, Merioneth and Staffordshire (in- crease).

Pembroke light.

Cornwall, Devon, Surrey and Oxford (in- crease). Middlesex (slight increase). Durham.

Wilts, Herts, Norfolk, Yorkshire and Durham (increase).

Somerset, Warwick, Notts and Cumber- land (inerease).

Surrey (increase).

Sussex (increase).

Middlesex and Merioneth (increase).

Kent (inerease). Middlesex (decrease).

Merioneth (increase).

Merioneth (decrease).

Devon (increase).

Devon (great increase). Sussex (three flying in from the sea).

Devon (decrease).

Somerset (a flock of about 100).

THE NIGHTJAR. Caprimulqus europeus (L.).

Owine to the scanty nature of the records it is difficult to trace the immigratory movements of this species. It appears, however, to have arrived along the whole of the south coast, but to have travelled, as a rule, singly, the greater portion entering the country unobserved. The earliest record of the Nightjar was from Yorkshire on the 19th of April; this was followed by notices of single birds seen in Montgomery on the 22nd, and in Hampshire and Sussex on the 27th. There were reports of stragglers observed in various counties during the first half of May as far north as Carnarvon, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Leicestershire and Norfolk, while Lancashire was reached on the 21st, and Cumberland on the 23rd.

The only lighthouse report came from the Bardsey light, where three were seen on the night of 2nd/3rd of June.

No notes reluting to the nesting of this bird were received.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April 19th. Yorkshire.

* 22nd. Montgomery. me Dintla. Hants, Sussex. May ord. Northampton. = 8th. Northampton (slight increase). Stafford- shire.

9th. Devon, Dorset. 11th. Norfolk. s 12th. Radnor.

June

{Ath. dine 16th.

17th. 18th. 20th. Diliste

22nd. onde 25th. 28th. 29th.

2nd/drd.

Somerset, Leicester.

Kent.

Northampton (increase). Surrey, Shrop- shire,

Cornwall, Suffolk.

Kssex, Carnarvon.

Glamorgan.

Leicester (slight increase). Anglesey, Lancashire.

Isle of Wight, Herts, Merioneth.

Shropshire (slight increase). Cumberland.

Carmarthen.

Suffolk (slight increase). Wilts.

Radnor (slight increase).

Carnarvon light.

140

WRYNECK.

aDpWALES [|

English Miles 10 30 4030

Dy 2 oO OP es.

Mch. = March.

M. = May Dates without initial are in Apnil

~ LONGMANS GEOGRAPHICAL STUDIES. —

141

THE WRYNECK. Tynx torquilla, L.

On the 14th and 25th of March single birds were recorded from Hampshire and Surrey respectively, and on the 26th a third was seen in Cornwall. This last record, received from a very careful observer, is worthy of note, since the species is very rare in spring on the south-west coast and the bird seen may possibly have wintered there ; another bird, un- doubtedly on passage, was taken at Lundy Island, South light, on the night of May 9th/10th. Between the 28th of March and the ard of April a few birds arrived on the south-east coast between Suffolk and Hampshire, and the same counties were visited by afurther immigration between the 8th and 10th, these later arrivals spreading as far as Dorsetshire, Somersetshire, Gloucestershire and Northamp- tonshire. A third immigration was in progress on the 14th and 15th, and, on the first-named date, a bird was observed in Shropshire, the most northerly point recorded in 1910. The immigrations of the Wryneck occurred almost invariably in the south-eastern counties, but a small party appears to have arrived in Somerset on the 27th of April; the birds may have passed along the south-east coast without stopping, but there is no evidence to show whence they came. The last immigration, which was important enough to be noticeable over a large area, landed on the south-east coast between the ard and the 6th of May.

Nesting operations had commenced in Berkshire on the 5th, and in Sussex and Suffolk on the loth of May.

142

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 14th.

- 2oth. i 26th. ee 28th. April 2nd. a 3rd. s Ath. - 5th. a Pishau)Kehilon, _ 8th. As 9th. oui Oth a 10th. os 11th. N 12th. re 13th. th 14th. A 15th. a 18th. S 19th. 3 20th. 21st. £ 23rd. es 24th. e 25th. i 27th. ie 30th.

May 2nd. >) ord/+th:

my 5th.

Sa Suny Oth.

> 12th.

“ otis

a 20th. 21st.

Hants.

Surrey.

Cornwall.

Sussex.

Somerset.

Hants.

Suffolk.

Northampton.

Hants light.

Kent, Surrey.

Dorset.

Hants light.

Essex.

Herts.

Gloucester.

Norfolk.

Hgsex (increase). Berks, Shropshire. Sussex (slight increase). Leicester.

Cambridge.

Shropshire (increase). Somerset (slight increase). Middlesex, Worcester. Wilts.

Berks (increase). Somerset (inerease). Hants (slight increase). Berks (usual numbers). Hants and Essex lights. Berks (nesting). Bedford. Lundy Island (South) light. Sussex (nesting).

Suffolk (nesting).

Oxford.

Hants (slhg@ht inerease).

143

THE CUCKOO. Cuculus canorus, L.

Tae Cuckoo arrived along the whole of the south coast ; it was first reported in Devonshire on the 24th of March, and in Yorkshire on the 26th.

By the 25th of April the species was thinly distributed over the whole country as far north as Lancashire, and by the 17th a single bird had reached the Clyde. The only marked increase was recorded from Suffolk on the 11th, when Cuckoos were said to be plentiful, which seemed to indicate that an immigratory movement had taken place on the south-east coast. On the 27th of April a great influx was reported in Somersetshire, the result, no doubt, of fresh arrivals in the west, and on the same date some had reached Westmoreland, while others arrived in Cumberland on the PAS) ae

By the middle of May the number of Cuckoos in the country had greatly increased, having been largely augmented in Brecon on the 9th, while the usual numbers were observed in Berkshire on the 2nd, in Cheshire on the 9th, and in Somersetshire and Staffordshire on the 15th.

Migratory movements on a small scale continued up to the end of the month, and six individuals were seen at Bardsey light (Carnarvon) on the night of the 2nd/3rd of June. The only other records from the lighthouses were of one seen at Lundy Island (South light) on the Sth of May, and one killed at the Hast Goodwin light-vessel on the night of the 29th/30th of May.

An egg was found in Lancashire on the 9th of May, but the name of the host was not stated. Hgys were found in a

1i4

KOO.

CUC

2

Ky

Enalish Miles al Miles Jo

«D> oo

2

anp WALES

SS fo

, M. = May

All other dates are in April.

ee 8 ee i

~ LONGMANS GEOGRAPHICAL STUDIES. __

145

Robin’s nest in Kent and in a Pied Wagtail’s nest in Radnor on the 15th, and in a Sky-Lark’s nest in Lincolnshire on the 17th. Five eges were found in Radnor on the 2th, three being in nests of the Pied Wagtail and two in nests of the

Robin.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 24th. 5 26th. April Ist. % 3rd. s Ath. a 9th. ILLDa.

Dalisty

Wyo aiilae 14th. 15th. 16th. IW 18th. 19th. 20th.

22nd,

26th. Oita

Devon.

Yorkshire.

Hants.

Northampton.

Suffolk.

Cornwall.

Suffolk (increase). Pembroke, Northamp- ton, Staffordshire.

Sussex, Kent, Surrey.

Cheshire.

Essex.

Somerset, Wilts.

Berks, Brecon, Cambridge.

Herts, Worcester, Clyde.

Gloucester, Leicester.

Dorset.

Kent (increase). Oxford, Radnor.

Hereford.

Northampton (slight increase). Glamor- gan, Middlesex.

Devon and Hants (slight increase). War- wick, Merioneth, Shropshire, Denbigh.

Hereford (increase).

Somerset, Berks, Surrey and Northampton (increase). Dorset (slight inerease). Jarmarthen, Bedford, Montgomery, Derby, Lancashire.

Gloucester (slight increase). Notts.

Somerset (great influx). Montgomery (increase). Staffordshire and Leicester

April 27th (con.).

by)

May

39

99

99

28th. 23th.

30th.

liste

2nd.

10th.

12th. 14th. 15th.

146

(sight increase). Cardigan. West- moreland.

Worcester (increase). Norfolk, Lincoln.

Glamorgan (increase). Hants (slight increase). Cumberland.

Wilts, Herts, Worcester and Yorkshire (increase). Lincoln and _ Lancashire (slhghtinerease). Glamorgan (decrease).

farmarvon.

Hants, Sussex, Middlesex and Essex (in- crease). | Cheshire (slight increase). Isle of Man.

Dorset, Brecon, Carnarvon and Norfolk (increase). Cumberland (slight in- crease). Hants (decrease). Berks (usual numbers).

Gloucester and Northampton (increase). Lincoln (slight increase). Northumber- land.

Lundy Island (South) light. Bedford (increase). Hants (slight increase). Wilts (decrease).

Leicester (slight increase). Argyll.

Surrey and Merioneth (increase). Derby (shght increase).

Somerset, Carmarthen, Glamorgan, Radnor, Suffolk, Merioneth and Shropshire (in- crease). Brecon (great increase). Che- shire (settled). Lancashire (egg found).

Herts (increase). Cornwall and Cumber- land (slight increase).

Devon (increase).

Northumberland (increase). Anglesey.

Cardigan and Carnarvon (increase). Cum- berland (slight increase). Somerset and Staffordshire (usual numbers). Kent (egg in Robin’s nest). Radnor (egg in Pied Wagtail’s nest).

99

99

16th.

17th.

18th. 19th. 20th. 21st.

22nd. 25th. 26th. 29th.

29th/30th.

30th.

June 2nd/3rd.

147

Sussex, Surrey, Shropshire, Nottingham, Lincoln, Laneashire, Yorkshire and Cum- berland (increase). Cornwall, Wilts and Merioneth (slight increase).

Lancashire (slight decrease). Lincoln (egg in Sky-Lark’s nest).

Oxford (increase).

Hants and Westmoreland (increase).

Durham (few).

Radnor (increase).

Cornwall and Hants (increase).

Lancashire (increase). Radnor (decrease).

Kent and Shropshire (increase).

Radnor (increase, five eggs found).

Kent light.

Devon (increase).

Carnarvon light.

148

TURTLE-DOVE.

“aa

ENGLAND

oO

‘eee

and WALES

Ap. = April.

All other dates are in May.

149

THE TURTLE-DOVE. Turtur communis, Selby.

A souitary bird of this species was noted in Dorsetshire on the 31st of March, an unusually early date. A few stragglers reached Surrey and Hampshire between the 18th and 23rd of April and a few were noted in the south-eastern counties on the 27th and 28th.

A small migration reached the south-east coast between the 30th of April and the 4th of May, but most of the birds appear to have remained in the counties bordering those in which they landed, only a few travelling as far north and west as Cheshire, Worcestershire and Northamptonshire. Other small immigrations reached the coasts of Sussex, Kent and Hampshire on the 11th, 14th, 15th and 17th, and it was these which seem principally to have supplied the breeding stock of the midland and western counties. Further immigrations reached the south-eastern counties on the 18th and 25th and the coast of Dorset on the 22nd, and the birds appear to have settled mainly in the eastern and western counties respectively. Some of the earlier arrivals were reported to be nesting in Berkshire on the 14th of May. A nest ready for eggs was found in Hampshire on the 28th, and nests containing eggs were seen in Radnor on the fellowing day.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 31st. Dorset.

Aprl — isth: Surrey. - 23rd. Hants. uy 24th. Herts.

April

May

>

>i)

oe)

27th.

28th. Ist.

2nd.

5th.

6th.

9th.

11th.

the

14th.

15th.

16th.

17th.

18th. 20th.

Dist.

22nd. 23rd. 25th. 27th. 28th. 29th.

150

Berks.

Sussex, Cambridge, Norfolk.

Sussex and Surrey (slight increase). Cheshire.

Sussex (decrease).

Essex.

Berks (increase). Somerset.

Isle of Wight (an arrival). Cheshire (increase). Suffolk. | Northampton, Worcester.

Sussex and Worcester (slight increase). Wilts, Radnor.

Berks (usual numbers). Glamorgan, Staffordshire, Yorkshire.

Herts (increase). Berks (nesting). Kent, Bedford, Gloucester, Leicester, Shrop- shire.

Hants (inerease). Cardigan, Montgomery, Warwick, Derby.

Worcester (increase). Suffolk (slight increase). Devon.

Isle of Wight (increase). Gloucester and Warwick (slight increase).

Sussex, Kent and Hssex (increase).

Herts and Radnor (increase). Middlesex.

Staffordshire (slight increase). Dorset, Lincoln, Denbigh.

Dorset (increase).

Shropshire (increase).

Sussex, Suffolk and Radnor (increase).

Sussex (decrease).

Hants (nest ready). Carnarvon.

Radnor (increase, two nests with eggs).

THE LAND-RAIL. Crex pratensis, Bechst.

Tue earliest arrival of this species was recorded from Leicestershire on the 14th of April, but the first immigration, a small one enly, did not reach our shores until the 18th, when it was noted in north Devonshire and Hampshire. A single bird was heard in Cornwall on the 26tb, and during the following week Land-Rails were apparently arriving in small numbers and spreading rapidly northwards ; they were generally distributed in the west during the first ten days of May, reaching Westmoreland and Northumberland on the Ath and 5th and the Isle of Man on the 9th.

The increased numbers noted from time to time in various counties of the west of England and in Wales up to the 26th of May seemed to indicate a continuance of this intermittent migration in the west, bat the actual point of arrival and the routes followed can hardly be determined from the scanty data furnished by the records. A nest with eggs was found in Radnor on May the 29th.

It should be noted that the Land-Rail was practically unrecorded from the south-eastern counties.

On April the 27th at 7 p.m. a very tired J.and-Rail flew on board H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ then off the N.E. coast of Scotland, in lat. 58° 40! N., long. 1° 10’ W., but, being frightened, departed almost immediately. arly the following morning another (for it seems improbable from the relative positions of the two ships that it could have been the same bird) was found in the stokehold of H.M.S. ‘ Venerable,’ then 40 miles S.H. of Wick (Caithness). This bird was liberated at 4 p.m. in Scapa Flow (Orkney) and flew ashore.

39

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

14th. 18th.

19th. 20th.

sila Ath. Silt 6th. 7th. Sth. 9th.

10th. 11th. eaday 13th. 14th.

15th. 16th.

17th. 18th.

Leicester.

N. Devon light, Hants, Carmarthen, Shrop- shire, Cumberland.

Dorset.

Wilts, Pembroke.

Cheshire.

Clyde.

Northumberland.

Cornwall, Yorkshire.

Carnarvon.

Lancashire.

Carnarvon (increase).

Leicester (increase). Sussex, Middlesex, Worcester, Staffordshire.

Shropshire (increase). Berks.

Somerset, Westmoreland.

Northumberland (slight increase).

Norfolk.

Montgomery.

Notts.

Worcester (slight increase). Durham, Isle of Man.

Montgomery (slight increase). Devon.

Cumberland (slight increase).

Durham (increase). Merioneth, Denbigh.

Glamorgan, Montgomery. ;

Northumberland (slight increase). Derby, Anglesey.

Carnarvon (increase). Staffordshire (slight increase). Gloucester, Cardigan.

Cumberland (increase). Radnor.

Warwick.

Lancashire (increase). Oxford.

20th. 22nd.

23rd. 26th. 29th.

153

Oxford and Radnor (slight increase).

Glamorgan and Yorkshire (slight increase). Herts.

Shropshire (increase).

Shropshire (further increase).

Radnor (nest with eggs).

154

THE COMMON SANDPIPER.

Totanus hypoleucus (.).

THIS species appears to have arrived along the whole of the south coast. A single bird was recorded in Cheshire on the 25th of March, possibly one that had wintered in the country.

About the end of the first week in April Sandpipers began to arrive, their numbers increasing during the latter half of the month, by which time they had spread over the whole country. Westmoreland was reached on the 11th, Cumber- land on the 12th, the Clyde area on the 14th, and Northum- berland on the 16th.

A second, but smaller, entry appears to have taken place during the second and third weeks in May.

Nests with eggs were found in Lancashire on the 12th of May, in Radnor on the 15th, in Cumberland on the 23rd, and in Merioneth on the 27th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

March 25th. Cheshire. April 5th. Staffordshire. 4 7th. Kent. x 9th. Dorset, Shropshire, Leicester. a iLike Carmarthen, Westmoreland. 12th. Kent (increase). Devon, Cumberland. rf 13th. Wilts, Radnor, Montgomery, Yorkshire. Ms 14th. Montgomery (increase). Surrey, Clyde. i 15th. Isle of Man. 4 16th. Cornwall, Essex, Merioneth, Northum- berland. a 17th. Montgomery (decrease). Herts. a 18th. Somerset. aS 19th. Cambridge. i 20th. Cumberland (slight increase). Brecon.

21st.

22nd. 23rd.

24th.

25th.

26th.

27th.

28th.

29th.

30th.

Ist.

2nd.

9

10th. 12th. 14th. 15th.

16th. 23rd.

27th.

ord. 5th. 8th. 9th.

155

Dorset (slight increase). Oxford, Car narvon, Derby, Lincoln.

Sussex, Lancashire, Argyll.

Brecon (increase). Montgomery and Cumberland (slight increase). Bedford, Denbigh.

Cheshire (increase). Merioneth and Lin- coln (slight increase). Montgomery (passed on). Clyde (generally distri- buted). Glamorgan.

Cumberland (increase). Somerset (slight increase). Gloucester.

Lancashire (increase). Sussex (slight increase).

Gloucester and Merioneth (slight increase). Sussex and Lancashire (decrease).

Merioneth (decrease).

Westmoreland (increase).

Berks.

Yorkshire (increase). Warwick.

Westmoreland (increase).

Northumberland (slight increase).

Hants.

Carnarvon (increase).

Merioneth and Yorkshire (increase). Shropshire (slight increase). Cheshire (settled).

Radnor (increase).

Lancashire (nest with eggs). Cardigan.

Derby and Northumberland {increase).

Dorset and Radnor (increase). Radnor (nest with eggs).

Carnarvon settled).

Shropshire (increase). Cumberland (nest with eggs).

Merioneth (nest with eggs).

Tne

THE COMMON TERN. Sterna fluviatilis, Naum.

A FEW Common Terns were seen in Devonshire on the 2nd of April, and on the 12th they had arrived at their breeding- quarters in Kent. On the 26th many were seen in Dorset- shire, and these apparently reached Anglesey on the Ist of May and Walney Island, Lancashire, on the 4th. There seems to have been a more or less parallel migration up the east coast, a few being seen in Sussex on the 26th of April, in Suffolk on the 30th, and in Norfolk on the 4th of May. Further arrivals reached Wales and Lancashire on the 15th and 16th of May respectively.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April = 2nd. Devon.

- ard. Devon (increase).

2 10th. Herts.

» 11th & 12th. Kent (arriving).

», 12th/13th. Kent light.

1 18th. Kent (increase). Merioneth.

% 26th. Dorset (passing). Sussex.

a 30th. Dorset, Suffolk, Norfolk. May Ist. Anglesey.

E. 3rd. Essex.

s Ath. Norfolk (increase). | Lancashire (some arrived).

:, 9th. Norfolk (further increase).

14th. Anglesey (many).

15th.

16th. IA slte

18th. 29th,

157

Anglesey (abundant). passing). Lancashire (many).

Carnarvon (decrease).

passing). Hssex (slight increase) Northumberland.

Carnarvon (many

Oxford (few

THE LITTLE THRN. Sterna minuta, L.

Tue first few birds arrived at their breeding-quarters on the coast of Kent on the 11th of April, being followed by the main body nine days later, while the final stragglers arrived during the last few days of April and the first two days of May. On Apri] the 29th large numbers arrived on the Norfolk coast, but after staying a short time the majority passed on, and the bulk of the breeding birds of that district did not arrive until the 15th of May. The Essex birds arrived on the 4th of May. On the western side one or two birds arrived in Merioneth during the last few days of April, the main body arriving simultaneously in Somerset and N. Wales on the 8th of May, while in Lancashire the breeding-area was reached on the 16th. Eggs were first reported from Merioneth on the 22nd, and incubation had begun in Kent on the 25th.

CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS.

April lth: Kent. a 18th. Kent (numbers). 29th. Norfolk (large numbers). Merioneth.

May Ist. Wilts (passing). Merioneth (slight in- crease). 3 2nd. Kent (large numpers). ms 4th. Hssex (few). Norfolk (decrease). 5 8th. Somerset (few). Merioneth (increase).

3 15th. Norfolk (many).

May

16th. 17th. 18th. 18th—22nd. 22nd. 25th.

159 Lancashire (few). Anglesey (several). Hssex (few). Carnarvon (a few passing). Merioneth (two pairs with eggs). Kent (a few sitting).

160

UNSCHEDULED BIRDS.

SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS:

THE SONG-THRUSH (Turdus musicus).

During the first week of January the autumn westerly and south- westerly movements of this species were renewed, and a good many were recorded on the nights between the 4th and 8th at the light-stations on the Isle of Man and Bardsey Island. A few occurred on the 7th/8th at the Kentish Knock Lt.-v., and these also were presumably travelling to the west.

On the nights of February the 5rd and 7th a few were noticed at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), but there was no indication of the direction in which they were going. The first return of the winter-emigrants was noticed at St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), where moderate numbers appeared, on the nights of the 12th, 138th and 14th. No further migration was noted during that month.

Towards the end of the first week in March a movement of very considerable magnitude began on the west coast. Very large numbers were reported from the light-stations on the Isle of Man, the Welsh Skerries, Bardsey and St. Tudwal’s Island off the Carnarvonshire cvast, likewise on the Pembrokeshire coast every night from the 5th to the 8th, while the smaller numbers recorded on the night of the 9th would seem to indicate the cessation of this movement. There was a renewal, however, on the nights of the 12th and 14th and again on the 28th and 29th, and though the numbers were considerable on the two first-named dates, they were small in comparison with those previously recorded, while on the two last-named nights they were quite inconsiderable. It seems probable that this extensive movement was concerned with birds on passage from Ireland, but there is also a certain amount of evidence which points to the movement being a northerly one, more or less

161

parallel with the west coast, though the absence of records from any stations south of Pembroke during the same period tends to negative Continental Europe as the immediate starting-point of these birds. (Cf. remarks under Redwing.)

On the 7th of March a single bird was seen flying S.E. at noon from H.MLS. ‘ Dido,’ at 56° N., 1° E., in the North Sea, and on the same day and on the two following nights a few Song-Thrushes were noted on passage along the Northumberland coast, On the 10th/11th immigrants were seen at Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), and on the 14th/15th a few more were observed on passage at Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland). During the first ten days of April a considerable immigration was recorded at the Dorset and Isle of Wight Lights, and comprised birds of both the British and Continental forms.

THE REDWING (Turdus iliacus).

During the first week of January a similar movement to that of the Song-Thrush was recorded from the west coast stations, and on the night of the 27th a single bird was taken at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire).

Similarly in February Redwings accomyanied the returning Song- Thrushes which occurred at St. Catherine’s Lt. cn the 12th/13th, and a single bird was taken at the S. Bishop Lt. (Pembroke) the following night.

On the 5th of March at 4.50 p.m. a single bird came on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ in the North Sea, 53° N., 3° E., and afterwards proceeded to the N.W. Between the 5th and Sth of March a nearly similar movement to that of the Song-Thrushes was recorded at the same west-coast stations, but with the addition of records from a Bristol Channel Lt.-v. on the night of the 6th, and of very large movements at St. Catherine’s Lt. on the 5th and 8th. Smaller numbers at the latter station were also observed on the 9th, corresponding with the diminution of the movement on the west coast.

As in the case of the Song-Thrush, there was a renewal of this west coast movement, but in smaller numbers, on the 12th, 14th and 29th. Further arrivals of immigrants occurred on the 10th/11th at the Isle of Wight and on the Kent coast, while simultaneous records from the Kentish Knock Lt.-v. and Spurn Head Lt. on that night, and from the latter on the 16th/17th, indicate an emigration from the east coast. An increase was noted in Sussex on the 17th of March.

During the first fortnight in April the immigration was continnous, and Redwings arrived in S. Devon and Hampshire on the Ist, in Dorset on the 6th/7th and along the whole of the south coast on the 9th/10th. Exceptionally large numbers arrived on the coast of Kent from the 10th/11th to the 12th/138th.

West coast immigrations were recorded from the Isle of Man and

162

Carnarvonshire on the 2nd/3rd and from the Bristol Channel on the 3rd/4th. The movements on the night of the 9th were especially extensive, for, in addition to the immigration already mentioned, a large flock was noted at Lundy Island N. Lt., numbers were heard passing over in Warwickshire and Berkshire, and a considerable emigration on the east coast was recorded from light-vessels off the coasts of Essex, Suffolk and Lincolnshire. After the 14th it is clear that nearly all the Redwings had gone; one or two were seen in Berkshire on the following day, while others were still passing in S. Devon and Staflordshire on the 16th.

THE FIELDFARE (Twurdus pilaris).

Though not so extensively recorded, the movements of the Fieldfare during January and February, so far as the west coast is concerned, were similar to those of the Song-Thrush and Redwing. This species also accompanied the movement of the other two on March 12th/138th. During the last week of February and up to the 3rd of March an accumulating movement and passage through N.W. Suffolk and N.I. Norfolk was noticed.

On the 15th and 19th of March large numbers were observed passing through Northumberland, and after the latter date migration appears to have become generally noticeable throughout the country, though the earlier records were received principally from the northern counties. Records from every part of the country show that migration was general and actively continued throughout April, both by day and night, and in several instances the flocks were stated to be flying north, while the records from Yorkshire indicated that the migration had proceeded in a succession of waves. After about the 12th a very distinct diminution was apparent in the numbers recorded in the southern counties. Emigration was observed off the Lincolnshire coast on the 9th/10th, and fresh arrivals seem to haye taken place on the coast of Kent on the 12th, 15th and 16th, and on the Sussex coast between the 18th and 24th.

Isolated flocks continued to pass north during the latter half of the month and during the first week of May. Up to the 14th of May some numbers were still present in Westmoreland and Northumberland, while a flock of 50 was seen in Staffordshire on the 15th and a single bird in Hi. Kent on the 17th.

THE BLACKBIRD (Twrdus merula).

During the first week in January the Blackbird was present in small numbers with the Song-Thrush and Redwing during the west coast movement already recorded under those species, and on the 7th/8th one was seen at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), On February the 11th/12th

163

one was taken at the South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), while others accompanied the Song-Thrushes and Redwings at St. Catierine’s Lt. on the following night. On the 28th there was an increase of males and on the 4th of March a general increase was noted in N.W. Suffolk.

During March large numbers of Blackbirds accompanied the Song- Thrushes and Redwing’ in all the west coast movements already referred to, and were also recorded from one of the Bristol Channel lights on the 20th, while small numbers arrived on the Dorset and Hampshire coasts on the 10th/11th and on the Dorset coast on the 11th/12th. As in the case of the Song-Thrush, movements were noted on the Northumberland coast between the 7th and 9th, while a further increase was noted in N.W. Suffolk on the 15th.

During April the only movements recorded were those of a few birds at Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon) on the 2nd/3rd, at Helwick Lt.-yv. (Glamor- gan) on the 6th/7th and at the Outer Dowsing Lt.-y. (Lincoln) on the 9th/10th.

THE BLACK REDSTART (Rutieilla titys).

March 13th. Downton (Wiltshire), a male seen. » 2@th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), several seen and 3 killed. April 4th to 10th. South Downs (Sussex), 2 seen. x 11th. Osborne (Isle of Wight), 1 passing. F 14th. Nr. Plymouth (Devon), | seen. May Ist/2nd. Would Lt.-y. (Norfolk), several seen and 4 killed at 2 A.M.

THE RED-SPOTTED BLUETHROAT (Cyanecula suecica).

One was recorded from the Clyde area on the 14th of May and a second from the north coast of Norfolk during the third week of that month.

THE REDBREAST (£rithacus rubecula).

Mar. 27th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 round the lantern from mid- night to 4 A.M.

April 7th/8th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1, of the Con- tinental race, killed at 3 a.m.

THE GOLDEN-CRESTED WREN (Regulus cristatus). March 7th. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), a few on the island at 7 A.M. » lOth/11th. Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), 1 seen at 4.30 a.m. » 25th/26th. Coquet Island Lt., 1 killed.

164

THE WREN (Troglodytes parvulus). Apri] 9th/lOth. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 2 a.m.

THE PIED WAGTAIL (Motacilla lugubris).

March 8th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), first seen.

» 12th/138th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 2 a.m.

>» 14th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), now generally distributed.

A 15th. South Downs (Sussex), a few arriving from over the sea.

5 16th. South Foreland Lt. (Kent), 4 seen at noon.

. 24th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), 1 seen.

es 26th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 on the rock all day, dis- appeared during the night.

0 28th. Martindale and Patterdale (Westmoreland), increase. “i 29th. South Downs (Sussex), increase. at 31st. St. Leonard’s-on-Sea (Sussex), a few on passage.

April 5th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), marked increase, re- turned to nesting-haunts; Kingston (Sussex), an arrival of males.

» 7@thto 9th. W. Yorkshire, hundreds passing. ,, 18th & 14th. Northwich (Cheshire), numbers.

fe 16th. Northwich, a few passing ; Llandudno (Carnarvon), a marked passage.

5 19th. Barcombe (Sussex), many.

» 2lst & 24th. Northwich and Delamere (Cheshire), numbers passing.

3 24th. Llandudno (Carnarvon), a few passing.

May 3rd/4th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), many seen and 6 killed.

THE GREY WAGTAIL (Motacilla melanope).

March 14th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), several pairs seen. ‘ 25rd. Bettws (Montgomery), first seen. 1 25th. Otterburn (Northumberland), first seen. rs 27th. St. Michael’s-on- Wyre (Lancashire), first seen. » 29th. Tenterden (Kent), 1 passing. —

THE BLUE-HEADED WAGTAIL (Motacilla flava),

May 4th/5th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed. 15th. Carnarvon, | seen.

165

THE MEADOW-PIPIT (Anthus pratensis), Mar. 14th/15th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 2 killed; South Bishop Lt.

(Pembroke), numbers flying W. at 2 A.M.

,, 15th & 17th. South Downs (Sussex), a few arriving from over the

29

April

I?

9

» 9th/10th,

9

March

Ath. Ist. 3rd. 7th.

8th. 8th/9th.

10th.

11th. 14th.

15th. 17th.

7th.

13th. Olste

sea.

Lleyn Ogwen (Montgomery), arriving on the moun- tains in large numbers.

South Downs (Sussex), increase.

Bowdon (Cheshire), a large flock arrived.

Ambleside (Westmoreland), a few seen; H.M.S. ‘Dido,’ 1 seen, 50° 2’ N., 3° W., at 9.30 a.m.

South Downs (Sussex), a further arrival.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. (Severn estuary), 6 round the lantern from 3 a.m., left for the 8. at dawn.

St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 2 a.m.

Upton (Cheshire), a small flock; Ambleside (West- moreland), increase.

N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), many passing.

Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), 1 seen at 5 P.M.

Ambleside (Westmoreland), further increase.

Ambleside (decrease).

THE ROCK-PIPIT (Anthus obscurus).

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), 30 to 40 on the island at 7 A.M.

Coquet Island Lt., 80 to 40 on the island at 1] a.m.

Coquet Island Lt., several on the island all day.

THE GOLDEN ORIOLE (Oriolus galbula).

14th. 16th.

14th.

Nr. Bakewell (Derby), a pair seen, the male killed. Inverkeithing (Fife), 1 found dead.

THE GREENFINCH (Ligurinus chloris).

Knutsford (Cheshire), first seen.

», 25th to 27th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), gradual increase.

»» 28th to

April ” May

10th. 24th. Ist.

Fritton (Suffolk), great increase.

South Downs (Sussex), still in flocks. Nab Lt.-y. (Hampshire), 2 flying N.E. at 2 p.m.

April 19th.

3 23rd. » 27th. Wiewy JEhpet

April 3rd. Fe 26th.

166

THE GOLDFINCH (Carduelis elegans).

Barcombe (Sussex), from 30 to 40 seen.

Northwich and Delamere (Cheshire), from 15 to 20 passing.

Bowdon (Cheshire), from 15 to 20 passing.

Exwick (Devon), 12 seen.

THE SISKIN (Carduelis spinus).

Tenterden (Kent), 2 passing. Walton (Cumberland), many.

THE HOUSE-SPARROW (Passer domesticus).

March 9th/10th.

March 12th.

5 26th Sn eeaulae

rs 28th. April 11th.

12th.

24th.

Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), 1 killed at midnight.

THE CHAFFINCH (fringilla celebs).

Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles EK. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), single birds at 10 a.m, and 10 p.m. flying N.W.

Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), a few flying 8.E.

Galloper Lt.-v., ] seen at 7 a.M., and a second flying W..S.W. at 11 a.m.

Galloper Lt.-v., 1 flying W. at 7.30 a.m.

H.ML.S. ‘ Dido’ on passage from Bantry to Portland in 50° 27’ N. and 2° 42' W., 1 seen flying E. by N. at 6 P.M.

Dudgeon Lt.-v. (Norfoik), 1 seen at 1 p.m.; Galloper Lt.-v., 1 flying S.W. at 10.50 a.m.

South Dae (Sussex), still in flocks.

May 2nd to 8th. Bowdon (Cheshire), large flock seen.

THE BRAMBLING (Fringilla montifringilla).

March 28th.

29th. Aaa Ath & 5th. Af 9th.

,, 9th to 15th.

10th. 14th. 15th.

)

”

”

New Milton (Hampshire), from 30 to 50 scen. Kendal (Westmoreland), a few.

Brandon (Suffolk), many.

Aldeburgh (Suffolk), a few.

Aldeburgh, gradual increase.

New Forest (Hampshire), some seen up to this date, Basingstoke (Hampshire), 20 seen.

Aldeburgh, from 20 to 30 in a flock,

167

April 16th. Aldeburgh, gone. of 17th. Titsey (Surrey), 8 seen. May 4th. Basingstoke (Hampshire), 4 seen.

THE LINNET (Linota cannabina).

March 25th. Bournemouth (Hampshire), very large flocks seen. April 6th. Stour Valley (Dorset), numbers, a large movement

apparently in progress,

“ 7th. Warner Lt.-v. (Hampshire), 1 caught at 11 a.m.

% 11th. H.MS. ‘Dido,’ 5 or 6 seen flying N.N.W., 49° 55’ N., 5° 35' W., at 7.15 a.m.

» 11th to 14th. Ipswich (Suffolk), numbers, great influx arrived at breeding-haunts.

a 19th. Barcombe (Sussex), increase.

mp pepsivale Tenterden (Kent), first seen since autumn; Maidstone (Kent), numbers,

B 24th. South Downs (Sussex), still in flocks; Wells (Somer- set), returned to breeding-haunts,

THE LESSER REDPOLL (Linota rufescens).

April Ist. Tenterden (Kent), 1 passing. ; ord, Ipswich (Suffolk), 2, paired. Bs 18th. Ipswich, 6 seen. 4, 27th. Bowdon (Cheshire), numbers. May 12th. Swallowfield (Berkshire), several seen.

THE CORN-BUNTING (£mberiza miliaria).

Mar. 22ndto 24th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), gradual increase. Apr. 8th & 10th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), a few passing N, along the coast,

THE REED-BUNTING (Zmberiza scheniclus).

March 8th. Ambleside (Westmoreland), first seen. April 3rd. Fakenham (Suffolk), great increase. oth. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), returned to breeding- haunts,

THE STARLING (Stunus vulgaris,

January witnessed a renewal, on a small scale, of the autumn east-to- west movements of this species. The numbers moying appear to have

168

been quite small, but the migration was noted on both the east and west coasts, viz., on the east side at the Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames) on the 2nd/3rd, 4th/5th and 7th/8th, at Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire) on the last-named night, and at Coquet Island (Northumberland) on the 10th; on the west side at Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man) on the 4th/5th, and at Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon) on the 5th/6th and on the two following nights.

Early in February another similar movement occurred, being witnessed at Spurn Head Lt. on the 6th/7th and on the following night, while large numbers arrived on the S.E. coast of Suffolk in the early morning of the 7th. In the middle of the month the first returning emigrants were recorded at St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight). Large numbers arrived on the 12th/13th between 4 a.m. and daylight, and on the two following nights single birds were observed.

During the first fortnight in March further arrivals on the south coast took place at the Isle of Wight on the 6th/7th, 10th/11th and 11th/12th, the numbers being particularly large on the 10th/11th, when many hundreds were also recorded at Dungeness Lt. The most extensive movement, however, during March would appear to have been that which took place on the west coast and which was recorded at all the light-stations between the Isle of Man and the Bristol Channel. In one or two instances the flocks were said to have been heading northwards, and though there was not sufficient evidence to decide the point, it seems most probable that this was the return of the winter-residents from Ireland. Immense numbers of Starlings were on passage in this area on every night from the 5th/6th to the 9th/10th, as well as on the 12th/138th, 27th/28th, and on April the 2nd/3rd; while smaller numbers were re- corded on the 11th/12th, 13th/14th, 14th/15th, 17th/18th, 20th, 28th/29th and 29th/30th. Altogether many thousands of Starlings must have passed the southern end of the Isle of Man, which from the records would seem to have been visited by the densest portion of the movement.

Early in March the return migration across the North Sea began, being first recorded at the Kentish Knock Lt.-v. on the 4th. On the 6th a tired Starling flew on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ in the North Sea at 5 p., lat. 55° N., long. 2°5’ E., and during the two following nights small numbers were noted on passage at the lights off the Northumber- land coast. On the 10th/11th large numbers passed the Kentish Knock Lt.-v., and from then onwards throughout the month the movement was continued in a desultory manner, being noted more or less at most of the stations between the Tyne and the Thames. During the first half of April the west-to-east movement continued, and the numbers appear to have been greater than during March. The daylight passage of flocks was noted in Suffolk between the 4th and the 12th, while the night records included most of the light-stations between the Humber and the Thames. At the same time there was a renewal of the south

169

coast arrivals: in Sussex on the 3rd and 10th, in the Isle of Wight on the 5th/€th and 7th/8th, and in Kent on the 12th/13th, the numbers on the last two nights being considerable; while an observer on H.M.S. ‘Dido’ recorded a flock of 50 or 60 flying N.W. at 5.30 a.m. of the 11th, to the south of Land’s End, lat. 49° 47’ N., long. 5° 35’ W. The only record on the west coast included a few birds seen at Lundy Island N. Lt. on the 6th/7th.

THE JACKDAW (Corvus monedula).

Amr lst. N. Hayling Island (Hants), many passing.

“CROWS” (Corvus sp.).

March 8th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), 10 flying H.N.E. at 10 a.m.

dlst. Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), | flying 8.W. at 5 P.M.

April 15th. Dudgeon Lt.-y. (Norfolk), 4 flying W. at noon.

THE HOODED CROW (Corvus-cornix).

March 26th. S.E. Suffolk, last seen, a 27th. N.E. & N.W. Suffolk, leaving. April 3rd. N.W. Suffolk, all gone.

THE ROOK (Corvus frugilegus).

Feb. 22nd. 8.E. Suffolk, a large flock arrived in the afternoon. March Ist. S.E. Suffolk, 50 flying 8.E. at 2.50 p.m. 6th. North Sea, 54° 40’ N., 1° E. (H..M.S. § Dido’), 400 to 600 seen flying 8.E. at 2 p.m. and 70 to 80 more at 2.10 P.M. 14th. Pontefract (Yorkshire), local residents arrived at breeding-quarters. , 20th to 24th. Fakenham (Suffolk), many flying E., large numbers on the 24th. April 3rd. Fakenham (Suffolk), winter residents and migrants all passed on.

”

”

THE SKY-LARK (Alauda arvensis).

The movements of this species during January and February were exactly the same as those of the Starling already detailed, with the difference that the Spurn Head Lt. records eatended from February the 3rd/4th to the 7th/8th; the numbers at St. Catherine’s Lt. on the

M

170

12th/13th were small in comparison with those of the Starling, none were recorded on the two following nights, and a flock was noted flying west at Coquet Island, Northumberland, on the 26th.

As in the case of the Starling, three distinct movements of the Sky- Lark were in progress during March and April. Returning emigrants were recorded arriving on the Kent coast on March the 9th and April 12th/13th, on the Sussex coast on April 7th/8th, on the Hampshire coast on March the 10th/11th, 24th, 25th and April the 5th, and on the Dorset coast on April 3rd/4th. All these movements appear to have been those of fairly large numbers.

The west coast movements of the Sky-Lark were likewise exactly the same as those of the Starling, which they accompanied, except that the first and largest one apparently commenced a day later (@. e. on the 6th/7th), while daylight movements of quite small numbers ¢éo the south were recorded at several of the Bristol Channel lights on March the 18th, 22nd, 24th and April the 2nd.

The return of our winter-visitors across the North Sea was first observed at the Kentish Knock on March Ist and 4th, while single birds came on board H.M.S. ‘Dido’ in lat. 54° N., 3° E., on the 6th, and in 56°N., 1° E., on the 7th. After the 10th this movement set in strongly and was recorded at intervals throughout the rest of the month and up to the 15th of April at different light-stations from Northumberland to the Thames, the largest numbers being recorded from the Kentish Knock Lt.-v. on March the 10th/11th, and from the Dudgeon Lt.-v. (Norfolk) on April 14th/15th.

THE SHORE-LARK (Gtocorys alpestris). April 18th. 8.E. Suffolk, several winter-residents still present.

THE KINGFISHER (Alcedo ispida), May 14th/15th. South Foreland Lt. (Kent), 1 killed at 1.45 a.m.

THE HOOPOE (Upupa epops). May 20th. Chilwell (Nottinghamshire), 1 seen.

MONTAGU’S HARRIER (Circus cineraceus). April 12th to 17th. $.E. Suffolk, an adult male seen daily.

THE HONEY-BUZZARD (Pernis apivorus).

Jan. 29th. Nr. Beccles (Suffolk), 1 seen.

Iga

THE HOBBY (Falco subbuteo).

April 24th. Northamptonshire, 2 seen. May = 10th. Berkshire, 1 seen. » 12th & 14th. South Downs, Sussex, 1 seen. > 15th. Oxfordshire, male killed. », 2lstto 27th. Wiltshire, 1 seen almost daily.

THE KESTREL (Falco tinnunculus).

June 7th/8th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 2 pairs seen at 4 a.m. and 1 killed.

THE COMMON CORMORANT (Phalacrocorax carbo). April Ist. Hampshire, 1 returned to breeding-haunt.

THE GANNET (Sula bassana).

March 13th. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), flocks passing N. +5 30th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), first seen this spring.

THE BRENT-GOOSE (Bernicla brenta). April 7th. Lundy Island N. Lt. (N. Devon), a flock of 8 dozen flying E. at 1 P.M.

i, 13th, Dungeness (Kent), a few small flocks flying E. from dawn to 8 A.M.

THE COMMON SHELD-DUCK ( Tadorna cornuta).

April 10th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 1 seen. ” 15th. Merionethshire, 20 pairs at nesting-quarters. 3 23rd. Nr. Northwich, a pair seen. 24th. Nr. Northwich, 1 passing.

“ DUCKS.”

April 3rd. Galloper Lt.-v. (60 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), 3 flying N.N.W. at 10.30 a.m. Ps 9th. Galloper Lt.-v., 12 flying 8.E. at 2 p.m. * 14th. Galloper Lt.-v., 30 flying N. at 4.30 p.m.

THE MALLARD (Anas boscas). April 3rd. Romney Marsh (Kent), large numbers.

4s 7th. Castletown (Isle of Man), 7 seen, the remains of winter flocks. 5 16th. Romney Marsh, most gone.

M2

April

oe

April 1st to 9th.

May

ord. 10th.

13th. 14th. 16th.

ord. 16th.

ord. 10th.

16th.

ord. 10th.

ord. 10th.

16th. 21st. 21st.

172

THE SHOVELER (Spatula clypeata).

Romney Marsh (Kent), over 30 pairs seen.

Romney Marsh (Kent), about 30 seen; Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 10 seen (not there on the 9th); Tring (Hertfordshire), several seen (none there on the ord).

Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), a pair passing.

Nr. Northwich, a few still present.

Romney Marsh (Kent), normal breeding stock only seen.

THE PINTAIL (Dafila acuta).

Romney Marsh (Kent), 15 to 20 pairs seen. Romney Marsh, all gone.

THE TEAL (Wettion erecca).

Romney Marsh (Kent), large numbers seen.

Marbury Mere (Cheshire), over 30 seen (none on the 9th); Tring (Hertfordshire), 3 or 4 pairs seen (none on the 3rd).

Romney Marsh, mostly gone.

THE GARGANEY (Querquedula circia).

2nd, 9th & 10th.

Marbury Mere (Cheshire), 5 seen.

Romney Marsh (Kent), 1 pair just arrived. Romney Marsh, several arrived.

THE WIGEON (Mareca penelope).

Nr. Plymouth (Devon), a flock of 40 to 50, which had frequented the river Yealm throughout the winter, disappeared between these dates.

Romney Marsh (Kent), many seen.

Marbury Mere (Cheshire), 4 seen (none on the 9th) ; Heswall (Cheshire), many passing ; Tring (Hertford- shire), about 80 seen ; Weston Turville (Buckingham), 8 seen.

Romney Marsh, nearly all gone.

Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), a paiz seen.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-y. (Severn Estuary), 9 seen at 3.30 P.M,

173

HE COMMON POCHARD (Fuligula ferina).

April 3rd. Romney Marsh (Kent), 15 pairs seen. de 9th. Nr. Bowdon (Cheshire), several seen. i 10th. Romney Marsh, all gone.

27th. Nr. Bowdon, | seen.

”

THE TUFTED DUCK (Fuligula cristata).

April 3rd. Romney Marsh (Kent), 8 to 10 pairs seen. 9th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 6 seen.

”

93 10th. Nr. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), a pair passing; Nr. Northwich, about 20 seen. 99 13th. Romney Marsh, all gone,

,, 15th & 16th. Nr. Northwich, 3 seen.

THE GOLDEN-EYE (Clangula glaucion). April 10th. Tring (Hertfordshire), 2 seen.

THE COMMON SCOTER (Cidemia nigra).

April 10th, Tring (Hertfordshire) and Weston Turville (Bucking- ham), a few seen (none on the 38rd); Radnor Mere (Cheshire), 6 seen.

11th. Radnor Mere, none.

135th. Dungeness (Kent), a great many large flocks flying E. froin dawn to 8 a.M.

THE RING-DOVE (Columba palumbus). Mar. 12th/13th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 1 seen at 11 p.m, April 11th/12th. Lynn Well Lt.-v. (Norfolk), about 20 flying W. at 10 and 11 p.o., 2 killed. May Ist. South Downs (Sussex), a large flock seen.

THE WATER-RAIL (Rallus aquaticus).

Mar. 11th/12th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), 1 killed at 4 a.m. 27th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), about 12 on the rock at sunrise, 6 killed during the night.

4)

THE MOOR-HEN (Gallinula chloropus). Mar. 14th/15th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 1 killed.

THE COOT (Fulica atru). April 12th/13th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), 1 killed.

March

ob

March April May

Jan.

174

THE STONE-CURLEW (Cdicnemus scolopar).

5th. Hollesley (Suffolk), 8 pairs arrived. 16th. Mildenhall (Suffolk), arrived about this date. 27th. Imber Down (Wiltshire), first seen. 30th. Buckholt (Hampshire), 2 seen. 3rd. South Downs (Sussex), | seen. 6th. Brandon (Suffolk), 2 seen. 8th. Nr. Overton (Hampshire), 2 seen. 15th. Angmering (Sussex), 2 seen. 16th. Nr. Ipswich (Suffolk), 6 mating; Nr. Havant (Hamp- shire), a pair at breeding-haunt. 22nd. South Downs (Sussex), 2 pairs at breeding-haunts. 8th. South Downs (Sussex), nests found. 13th. Thanet (Kent), 1 seen.

16th. Nr. Ipswich, nests with eggs. 21st. Nr. Downton (Wiltshire), nest with one egg, bird sitting.

THE DOTTEREL (Ludromias morinellus). 8th. Nr. Downton ( Wiltshire), 1 seen.

THE RINGED PLOVER (Aigialitis hiaticola).

4th. Fakenham (Suffolk), seen passing. 13th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), 1 seen.. 24th. Nr. Northwich, 2 passing.

THE KENTISH PLOVER (gialitis cantiana).

olst. Sussex coast, a pair arrived. 16th. Sussex coast, 1 seen. 11th. Hampshire coast, a pair seen.

THE GOLDEN PLOVER (Charadrius pluvialis),

5th/6th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 1 killed.

March 6th/7th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), numbers seen at 2 a.m.

)? ”?

”

” April

”)

7th/8th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), hundreds seen. 10th/11th. Dungeness Lt. (Kent), some heard passing. 14th/15th. Bardsey Lt., 3 seen; Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 killed ;

South Bishop Lt., a few seen at 2 a.m. 30th. Bowdon (Cheshire), heard passing in the night. 2nd. Plymouth (Devon), | seen. 3rd, Bowdon, 800 to 400 seen.

175

April 4th. Bowdon (Cheshire), many. is 7th. Bowdon, large numbers. es 10th. Bowdon, a few. as 12th. Tenterden (Kent), a flock flying N. at noon. 14th, Gower (Glamorgan), large numbers seen.

5p 15th. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), a few heard passing at night.

THE GREY PLOVER (Squatarola helvetica).

March 380th to Sussex coast, ] seen.

April Ist. 6 2nd. Romney Marsh (Kent), 1 seen. by 15th. Beaumaris (Anglesey), 3 seen,

THE LAPWING (Vanellus vulgaris).

Jan. 4th/5th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), about 200 flying S.W. 23rd. Pontefract (Yorkshire), flocks flying, high up, to

”

the S.W. March 2nd/8rd. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), 6 seen. 5 5th. Bardsey Lt., a large flock flying N. at noon; Coquet

Island Lt., 4 on the island at 8 a.m. 5th/6th. Bardsey Lt., several killed. 6th/7th. Bardsey Lt., large numbers seen; South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), numbers seen at 2 A.M. » @th/8th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), large numbers seen all night. 10th. Coquet Island Lt., 4 on the island at 9 a.m. 10th/11th. Dungeness Lt. (Kent), some heard round the light. 11th. Coquet Island Lt., 2 flying N.W. at 7 a.m.

11th/12th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), several seen at 2aM.; South Foreland Lt. (Kent), several seen at 4 A.M.

25th. Coquet Island Lt., 4 flying W. at noon.

25th/26th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), several flying N.N.E. at 6 a.m.

80th/3lst. South Bishop Lt., 1 killed, coming from the E. at 4 a.M.

April 6th/7th. Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), a number seen between 11 P.M. and dawn; Lundy Island N. Lt. (N. Devon), about 12 seen at 2.30 a.m.; Helwick Lt-v. (Gla- morgan), 16 seen at 8 P.M.

7th/8th. St. Catherine’s Lt., 1 killed at 2.20 a.m. 9th/10th. St. Catherine’s Lt., a few seen.

11th/12th. Bardsey Lt., several seen; Lynn Well Lt.-y. (Norfolk), a few flying W. at 11 Pa.

”

7

)

176

THE TURNSTONE (Strepsilas interpres).

Mid-Feb. to April 6th. 7th. Plymouth Sound, 8 seen. 11th. Plymouth Sound, | seen.

| 25th to | Ge Ath. Plymouth Sound, a flock of 20 seen.

26th. Hundred of Hoo (Kent), 3 seen.

Plymouth Sound (Devonshire), none.

?

”

”?

THE OYSTER-CATCHER (Hematopus ostralegus). March 14th. Ulverstone (Lancashire), a few passing at 8 P.M.

THE WOODCOCK (Scolopax rusticula). March Ist to 7th. Pontefract (Yorkshire), 1 seen. "5 15th. Glendale (Northumberland), 1 seen. 27th/28th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), 1 killed.

”

THE COMMON SNIPE (Gallinago celestis).

March Ist. Brandon (Suffolk), returned to breeding-haunts. ,, Oth to 15th. Fritton (Suffolk), large parties passing daily, especially large ones on ths 15th and 15th. 5 21st. Martock (Somerset), 1 seen. 5 3lst. St. Leonards-on-Sea (Sussex), 30 to 40 seen on passage ; Shoreham (Sussex), a well-marked migration. April 28rd. _Mendips (Somerset), 19 seen; Fakenham (Suffolk), considerable increase. 3 7th. Shoreham (Sussex), many passing. 5 10th. South Downs (Sussex), 1 seen near the cliff edge.

THE JACK SNIPE (Gallinago gallinula).

Jan. 4th/5th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 3 seen flying S.S.W. March 6th/7th. Bardsey Lt., 1 seen. April 2nd/3rd. Chicken Rock Lt., numbers from 11 P.M. to 2 A.M. ; Bardsey Lt., 1 killed. 7th. Fritton (Suffolk), 2 seen, , 16th/17th. South Foreland Lt. (Kent), 1 killed at 3 a.m. May Ist/2nd. Would Lt.-v., 9 seen at 3,30 a.m,

THE DUNLIN (Tringa alpina).

Jan’ 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 1 killed.

Feb 12th. Poole (Dorset), increase.

March 9th. North Sea, 56° N., 1° E. (H.M.S. ‘ Dido’), 1 seen flying N.N.W. at 8 a.m., and a second, very tired, at 10 a.M.

Wag Mar. 10th/11th. Spurn Head Lt., 3 seen at midnight. April 18th. Northwich (Cheshire), 2 passing.

fs 16th. Rye (Sussex), about 200 freshly arrived. ,, 18th to 23rd. Wells (Somerset), 1 daily.

- 22nd. Topsham (Devonshire), a flock passing. i 24th. Tring (Hertfordshire), 1; Northwich, small parties passing.

May 7th. Castletown (Isle of Man), about 15 seen. af 11th. Northwich, 1 passing, fe 12th. Castletown, 20 passing. a 17th. Anglesey, several seen.

THE LITTLE STINT (Tringa minuta).

say) ae ater Sussex coast, 2 seen.

April) ist. Sussex coast, 7 seen.

THE PURPLE SANDPIPER (Tringa striata).

March 14th. Plymouth Sound (Devon), winter residents departed.

* sas! | Pach Som, ame

Apr. 7th to 16th. Plymouth Sound, nine seen. 25th & May Ist.

”?

Plymouth Sound, 3 seen.

THE KNOT (Tringa canutus). Jan. 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 1 killed. April 10th/11th. Dudgeon Lt.-v. (Norfolk), 50 to 60 seen. » 14th/15th. Dudgeon Lt.-v., many seen.

THE SANDERLING (Calidris arenaria).

April 5th/6th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), several seen at 4 A.M. May 12th. Castletown (Isle of Man), 4 seen.

THE GREEN SANDPIPER (Totanus ochropus).

Mar. 22nd, 26th & 29th, and Apr. ¢ Wells (Somerset), 1 seen daily. znd & 3rd,

Apr. 18th to

25th : : & 29th. Wells, 2 seen daily,

178

THE COMMON REDSHANK (Totanus caldris).

Feb. 12th. Poole (Dorset), increase. up oa ele N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), gradual increase. 59 28th. Kendal (Westmoreland), 2 returned to breeding- eround. 5 29th. Brandon (Suffolk), 2 returned to breeding-ground. April 8rd/4th. St. Catherine's Lt. (Isle of Wight), large numbers from 2.30 a.m. to dawn.

THE GREENSHANK (Totanus canescens), Feb. 12th. Poole (Dorset), increase.

THE BAR-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lapponica). Feb. 12th. Poole (Dorset), 4 flying N.

THE CURLEW (Numenius arquata).

Feb. 28th. Bettws (Montgomery), heard,

MENGR 20H) ouk, ee Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), about 20 seen each

6th/7th, 7th/8th : night,

& 8th/9th.

ae Seite Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 30 seen each night.

5 7th. Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), one on the island at 7 A.M.

., 9th/10th, Chicken Rock Lt., a few seen.

5 11th. Bettws, heard.

i 14th. Ulverstone (Lancashire) and Ambleside (Westmore- land), passing from the coast to breeding-haunts on the moors.

,, 14th/15th. South Bishop Lt., numbers seen at 2 a.m.

April Ist. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), 17 seen.

» O6th/7th. Stour Valley (Dorset), numbers passing N. at 8.30 P.M. ; Anyil Point Lt. (Dorset), a number seen between 11 p.m. and dawn.

» 8th/9th. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), some heard passing at

10.50 P.M,

5 9th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), a few.

», 9th/10th. Solihull (Warwickshire), many flying N.W. at 10 P.M.

,, lCth/11th. Cullercoats, a few flying N. at 9 P.M. » llth to17th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), an influx during the week from the 8.

179

April 11th/12th, Bardsey Lt., several round the lantern. ” 12th. Dartmoor (Devon), one on breeding-ground.

» 14th/15th. Dudgeon Lt.-y. (Norfolk), numbers seen at 2 A.M. 2 cee e ao N. Hayling Island, a few seen. May ord. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), 11 seen. 5 7th. Hayant (Hampshire), 5 seen. 4 10th. N. Hayling Island, 8 seen.

THE WHIMBREL (Numenius pheopus).

April 24th. Budleigh (Devon), 6 seen.

“6 27th. Penrhyndeudraeth (Merioneth), 1 seen.

i 28th. Budleigh (Devon), 1 seen.

= 29th. Hawerby (Lincolnshire), 2 seen.

May 2nd. Penrhyndeudraeth, 9 seen.

ie ord. Penrhyndeudraeth, 1 seen; Nr. Tenterden (Kent), 2 passing.

5 4th, Penrhyndeudraeth, 2 seen.

tf 6th. Plymouth (Devon), 5 passing.

» “th & 8th. Castletown (Isle of Man), 1 seen.

re 10th. Plymouth, 4 seen.

) J1th. N. Hayling Island (Hampshire), many seen; Pen-

rhyndeudraeth, 2 seen.

oo 12th. South Downs (Sussex), 1 seen; N. Hayling Island, larze numbers.

a 13th. Plymouth, 5 seen; Silverdale (Lancashire), 3 seen; Castletown (Isle of Man), 20 seen.

* 14th. Penrhyndeudraeth, 12 seen.

», 14th & 15th. South Downs, several; Silverdale, few.

; 15th. Beaumaris (Anglesey), several; Penrhyndeudraeth, 6 seen ; Bowdon (Cheshire), numbers.

aa 16th. Upton (Cheshire), 1 seen.

53 ith. Lianishen (Glamorgan), 2 seen; Silverdale, few ; Penrhyndeudraeth, 6 seen.

18th, Penrhyndeudraeth, 12 seen; Scarborough (Yorkshire), 1 seen.

5 19th. N. Hayling Island, many passing W. in the afternoon; Arthog (Merioneth), 25 seen; Penrhyndeudraeth,

6 seen. », 20th & 22nd. South Downs, few; Penrhyndeudraeth, 6 and 1 respectively.

As 23rd. Arthog, 4 passing. ‘ 26th. South Downs, 1 seen; Hundred of Hoo (Kent), 4 seen.

April

”)

May

April ”?

Ma

April May

”

180

THE BLACK TERN (Hydrochelidon ngra).

16th. 24th. 14th. 15th. 16th. 17th. 20th. 26th.

Montgomery, | shot.

Cley (Norfolk), 1 seen.

Oxford, 1 seen.

Oxford, 2 seen.

Cley, 1 seen.

Oxford, 1 seen.

York, 6 seen.

Hundred of Hoo (Kent), 1 seen.

THE SANDWICH TERN (Sterna cantiaca).

26th. 28th. 17th

30th. 15th. 16th.

S.E. Suffolk, several passing at daybreak. Lancashire, 40 to 50 arrived at breeding-haunt. Lancashire, first egg found.

THE ARCTIC TERN (Sterna macrura).

S.E. Suffolk, several passing. Beaumaris (Anglesey), 1, at least, seen. Lancashire, few seen.

,, 16th to22nd. Llandudno (Carnarvon), a few passing.

”

April

”

”

April

May

May

28th.

14th.

18th. dist.

9th. 3th, 27th. 30th.

ord.

4th. 5th.

Tring (Hertfordshire), a flock of 28 seen.

THE COMMON GULL (Larus canus).

Plymouth (Devon), large numbers of adults seen for the last time.

THE HERRING-GULL (Larus argentatus). Mar. 3rd, 4th &

4m Tenterden (Kent), flocks passing N. all day.

Tenterden, a flock passing N.

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), several flying N. all day.

Reading (Berkshire), some passing.

Tenterden, a flock flying N.

Shrewsbury (Shropshire), 6 seen.

Shrewsbury, 3 passing up the Severn Valley.

Shrewsbury, 9 flying N.W.

“ BLACK-BACKED GULLS” (Larus marinus vel fuscus).

Horsham (Sussex), 2 flying N. Reading (Berkshire), 2 flying N.1.

181

THE LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larus fuscus). March 27th.

” April May

March

April

ollists 12th. Tas

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), flocks flying N. at 10 A.M.

Coquet Island Lt., flocks flying N. all day.

Plym Estuary (S. Devon), 50 or more newly arrived.

Oxted (Surrey), 3 passing).

THE COMMON GUILLEMOT (Ua troile).

15th.

28th. 31st.

15th.

Coquet Island Lt. (Northumberland), flocks flying N. at 1.50 P.M.

Coquet Island Lt., flocks flying N. all day. Coquet Island Lt., a few flying N. all day.

“DIVERS” (Colymbus sp.).

Dungeness (Kent), 5 or 6 small flocks flying E. between dawn and 8 A.M.

THE MANX SHEARWATER (Puffinus anglorum). Mar, 14th/15th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), a flock round the lantern

at 2 a.M., 1 struck.

April 2nd/3rd. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), 2 struck the lantern.

June

4th/5th. Bardsey Lt., 6 struck the lantern.

DETAILS OF THE

CHIEF MOVEMENTS OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT-

STATIONS DURING THE SPRING OF 1910.

Jan. 2nd/3rd.

59 ord.

» 4th/5th.

» dth/6th.

, 6th//th.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks and Starlings from 1to6a.m. Wind W.1. Fog.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Bardsey Lt.—About 800 Lapwings, Fieldfares, Black- birds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings arrived from the §.5S.W. at 1 a.m. and remained till 6 am, 50 killed. 3 Jack Snipes, a Golden Plovers, a few Sky-Larks and Starlings, and cne or two small birds thought to be Chaffinches were also seen. A Jack Snipe killed. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast, with occasional showers.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Abovt a score of Starlings and Song-Thrushes from 7 p.m, to daylight. Wind S.S.W. fresh. Hazy to clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—\ few Sky-Larks from 1 to 7AM. WindS.W.2. Fog.

Bardsey Lt.—Several Lapwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings killed.

Chicken Rock Lt.—About a score of Song-Thrushes and Sky-Larks from 7 P.M. to daylight. Wind &., light. Hazy.

Bardsey Lt.—Several Lapwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings killed.

Chicken Rock Lt.—About a score of Song-Thrushes from 7 p.m. to daylight. Wind §., light. Hazy.

”)

»» Blst/Feb.1st.

Feb.

?

>)

9)

”

6th/7th.

7th/8th.

10th.

lth. 18th. 25th.

97 th/28th,

2nd. ord/4th.

5th/6th.

6th/7th.

7th/Sth.

10th. 1ith/12th.

12th/13th.

183 Spurn Head Lt—A Knot and a Dunlin lilled at lam. Wind 8.W. 3. Misty.

Bardsey Lt.—Several Lapwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings killed.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several Song-Thrushes, Sky- Larks and Starlings all night, a Sone-Thrush killed. Wind 8.8. W. to W. 2. Fog.

Spurn Head Lt.—2 Starlings and a Blackbird seen at 3aM. Wind W.S.W.4. Misty.

Coquet Island Lt.—Ahout 30 Sky-Larks and Starlings on the island at noon. Wind W.S.W. 7. Clear.

New Moon. Moon, First Quarter. Full Moon.

Spurn Head Lt.—1 Redwing killed at 3 am. Wind W.N.W. 4.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Sky-Larks and small birds from 8 P.M. to daylight. Wind 8. to W.S.W., light. Rain.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Spurn Head Lt.—4 Song-Thrushes at 11 am. Wind S.W. 8. Misty. 2 Sky-Larks killed at midnight. Wind W. 3. Fog.

Spurn Head [t.—Several Sky-Larks at 1l1p.m. Wind S.W.3. Misty.

Spurn Head Lt.—20 Sky-Larks and 2 Starlings at 3am. Wind W.S.W.4 to 5. Gloomy, slight mist and drizzle.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks from midnight to5a.m. Wind W.N.W.6&. Passing showers.

New Moon.

South Bishop Lt.—1 Blackbird killed at 2 a.m. Wind N.W. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A single Song-Thrush killed at 11.30p.m. Wind W. 2. Overcast. Large numbers of Song-Thrushes and Starlings, with a few Black- birds and Sky-Larks from 4.30 p.m. to daylight. Calm. Fog.

Feb.

13th/14th.

14th/15th.

16th. QAth. 26th.

March Jst.

?

”

7?

”

”

9°

”

2nd/3rd. 3rd/4th.

4th.

5th.

5th/6th.

6th.

6th/7th.

184

St. Catherine's Lt.—A. single Starling killed at 2 a.m. Wind §.S.W. 4. Overcast. Dozens of Song- Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings from 3.30 to 440 am. Wind 8.8.W. 5. Rain.

South Bishop Lt—A Redwing and a Fieldfare killed. Wind N.W. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.-—Several Starlings and Song- Thrushes at 10 pm. Wind S.W.5. Rain.

Moon, First Quarter. Full Moon.

Coquet Island Lt.—A flock of Sky-Larks with other small birds flying W. towards land at 7 a.m. Wind E. 4. Snow.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About 30 Sky-Larks flying I. at 10 am. Wind N.W.3. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—6 Lapwings round the lantern at 8pm. Wind S.E.'5. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A single Starling killed at 2 a.m. Wind E.8.E. 38. Overcast.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About 380 Sky-Larks flying E.S.E. at 11 a.m. and 20 Starlings flying E. at noon. Wind 8.8.E. 3. Clear.

Bardsey Lt.—A large flock of Lapwings flying N. at noon,

Coquet Island Lt.—4 Lapwings on the island at 8 a.m. and a dozen Sky-Larks at 9 am. Wind S.E. 4. Clear.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Thousands of Song-Thrushes, Red- wings and Starlings, with about 20 Curlews flying round all night, large numbers struck and fell into the sea. Wind 8.K. fresh. Hazy and raining.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—5 “ Sparrows” about the ship from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wind 8S. Thick mist till noon, then clear.

Bardsey Lt.—About 800 Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings, with a few Sky-Larks and Curlews, flying round the light from 1 to 3 A.M.; many killed; a number of Lapwings were also seen.

Wind 8. 5 toS.W.5. Overeast.

185

March Gth/7th. Chicken Rock Lt.—Hundreds of Song-Thrushes, Red-

(contd.).

Lay Sul.

Sth.

re)

wings, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few Curlew, flying round all night; many struck and fell into the sea. Wind 8S, IMfazy and raining.

St. Catherime’s Lt.—Several Starlings and Chiffchaffs from midnight to 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 3. Overcast.

St. Tudwal Lt.—7 Blackbirds, a Starling and a Sone- Thrush killed between 1 and 4 a.m. Direction of flight apparently northwards. Wind W.5. Cloudy.

Skerrves Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds, Song- Thrushes and Starlings all night; many killed. Wind 8.8.W. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop It—A number of Lapwings, Golden Plover, Song-Thrushes and Blackbirds flying N.W. at 2am. WindS,3. Overcast, passing showers.

Coquet Island Lt.—30 to 40 Rock-Pipits with a few Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, Goldcrests and one Curlew on the island at 7 am. Wind S.E. 4. Clear,

Bardsey It.—About 700 Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings, with a few Curlews, round the light from 3.30 to 7 a.M.; many killed. Wind S.W. 5. Overcast.

Chicken Rock Lt—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few Golden Plover, flying round all night; many struck and fell into the sea. Wind S., fresh. Hazy and raining. ;

Coquet Island Lt.—A few Starlings and Song-Thrushes at 11.45 p.m. WindS. 4, Misty.

St. Tudwal Lt.—2 Redwings and a Song-Thrush killed between 4 a.m. and sunrise. Direction of flight apparently northwards. Wind 8.6. Overcast, with rain,

Skerries Lt.— Large numbers of Blackbirds, Redwings, Sky-Larks, Starlings and Lapwings from 9.30 p.m, ; many killed. Wind S.S.W. 6. Cloudy and very dark.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Ahbout 20 Sky-Larks flying E. at

30 a.M., 10 “ Crows” to the E.N.E. at 10 a.m., and 2 “Sparrows” to the N.W. at noon. Wind S. to S.S.W. Clear.

N

March 8th/9th.

9

”

9th.

9th/10th.

10th.

10th/11th.

186

Chicken Rock It.—Hundreds of Sone-Thrushes, Red- wings, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few Curlews and Golden Plovers, flying round all night; many struck and fell into the sea. Wind §., fresh. Hazy and raining.

Coquet Island Lt.—A few Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, and Starlings at 2 a.m.; 1 Blackbird caught. Wind 8.5. Rain.

St. Mary’s Lt.—2 Starlings, a Blackbird and a Song- Thrush killed at 3 am. Wind 8.4. Misty.

Skerries Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds, Song- Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings from 9 P.M.; many killed. Wind S.W.6. Rain.

Dungeness Lt.—A great many Sky-Larks, Linnets and “Finches” flying W. from daylight to 3 p.m,

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Starlings, Sky-Larks, Curlews and Golden Plovers flying round all night; several struck and fell into the sea. Wind S., fresh. Rain to clear.

Winterton Lt.—A House-Sparrow killed at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 4. Rain.

Coquet Island Lt.—6 Sky-Larks on the island at 9 and 4 Lapwings at 9.50 a.m. Wind S.W. 8. Clear.

Anvil Point Lt.—A few Blackbirds and Song-Thrushes from midnight to dawn. Wind N.W.3. Misty.

Dungeness Lt,—Large numbers of Starlings, Redwings, Lapwings and “ Plovers” from 9.80 P.M. to 5.30 4.M., the largest number arriving at 10.30 p.m. Wind E. 8. Clear, with occasional rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks from 2 a.m. to dawn; large numbers of Starlings from midnight to dawn, and many Redwings from 4 a.m. to dawn. Wind 8.E. Overcast, but clear.

St. Catherine’s Lt—Ahbout 500 Starlings with a few Blackbirds, Redwings and Sky-Larks from midnight to dawn. Wind N.E. 2. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt—A few Blackbirds, Redwings and Dunlins at midnight. Wind S.W. 4. Clear.

Mar. 10th/11th. (contd.).

”

11th.

187

Winterton Lt.—A Sky-Lark killed at9 p.m. Wind S.W. 2. Misty. A few Starlings and a Goldcrest from 4 to 4.30 a.m., and 20 to 30 Starlings flying S. at sunrise. Wind W.N.W. 1. Misty.

New Moon. Coquet Island Lt.—2 Lapwings flying N.W. towards land at 9 a.m. Wind N.W.3. Clear.

» 1lth/12th. Anvil Point Lt—A few Blackbirds from midnight to

”)

”

Lh

”

12th.

12th/13th.

13th.

13th/14th.

14th/L5th.

3am. Wind N.E. 6, Squally.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—Several Starlings and a Water- Rail killed at 4 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 5. Rain.

South Bishop Lt.—12 Starlings flying W. at 10 p.m. Wind E.N.E. 6. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—Several Lapwings at 4 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 3. Clear, showery.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Single Chaflinches flying N.W. at 10 and 11am. Wind 8.S.E. Cloudy, but clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Several Lapwings and a Pied Wagtail at 2 a.m. Wind N.E. 2. Overcast.

Skerries Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings, Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings, with many Fieldfares, from 9 p.m. to midnight; many killed. Birds dis- appeared when the stars came out. A single Coot killed. Wind N.E. 4. Cloudy and very dark.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Sky-Larks, Starlings and Wood-Pigeons at 11 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 4. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—60 to 70 Sky-Larks and Rock-Pipits about the island at 11 am. Wind N.W. 4. Cloudy. Flocks of Gannets, Guillemots and Divers flying N. from 1 to 1.30 p.m. Calm.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Starlings flying round from 10 p.m. to daylight. Wind W. to S.W., light. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—2 Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 3. Overcast.

Bardsey Lt.—Several birds of various species at the lantern at 2 a.m.; a Golden Plover and a Moorhen killed. Wind N.W. 2. Cloudy with snow.

NZ

188

Mar. 14th/15th. Chicken Rock Li—A few Starlings flying round from

”

39

9?

a8

Le)

(contd.).

15th/16th.

16th.

16th/17th.

Wading 17th/18th.

18th.

20th. 21st. 29nd.

4th

10 p.m. to dawn. Wind W.N.W., fresh. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—1 or 2 Song-Thrushes at 2.45 a.m. Wind W. 2. Overcast.

Smalls Lt—2 Wheatears, 2 Sky-Larks, 2 Meadow- Pipits, a Redwing and a Golden Plover killed.

South Bishop Lt—A number of Blackbirds, Song- Thrushes, Sky-Larks, Meadow-Pipits, Curlews and Shearwaters with a few Golden Plovers at 2 A.M. Wind 8.W. 2. Overcast, with rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Starlings at midnight. Wind W.4. Misty.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Q “Swans” flying S.W. at 1 p.m. Wind 8.W., strong. Hazy and showery.

South Foreland Lt,—Four Pied Wagtails seen at noon. Wind 8.W. 2. Thick mist.

Dudgeon Lt.-v.—A Starling killed at 34.m, Wind WES: Ws Gan Clear,

Spurn Head [t.—A few Redwings and Starlings at 2am. Wind W.7. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—A few Sky-Larks about the island allday. Wind N.W. 6. Cloudy.

South Bishop Lt.—A few Starlings flying S. and 8.W. at ll pw. Wind W.N.W. & Passing showers.

Moon, First Quarter.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—d Sky-Larks flying S. at 3.80 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 6. Snow.

Helwick Lt.-v.—6 Blackbirds and 4 Starlings flying 8. at 7a.M. Wind W.1. Overcast, with misty rain.

Galloper Lt.-v.—1 Starling flying W.N.W. at 1.80 p.m. Wind S.W. 1. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds LIt.-v.—About 20 Sky- Larks flying 8. at 10 a.m. WindS.E. 2. Cloudy.

foquet Island Ut,— A few Sky-Larks about the island all day. Calm, clouay,

March 24th.

”

”

”

”?

(contd.).

25th.

25th/26th.

26th.

27th.

27th/28th.

189

Helwick Lt.-v.—2 Sky-Larks flymg 8. at LL a.m. Wind N.E. 2. Hazy. South Foreland Lt.—2 Wheatears seen at 6 P.M. Wind N.3. Cloudy.

Full Moon.

Coquet Island Lt.—4 “ Plovers” flying W. towards land at noon; several Sky-Larks on the island all day. Wind EH. 1. Cloudy.

Galloper Lt.-v.— Starling flymg W. at 6 P.M. Wind N.N.E. 4. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—1 Goldcrest caught at 2 A.M. Wind 8. 4. Overcast.

Smalls Lt.—Several Golden Plovers flying N.N.E. at 6 a.m., 2 killed. Wind 8.E. 3 to 4. Hazy in the east,

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—4 Sky-Larks flying S.at2p.m, Wind N.K.2. Hazy.

Galloper Lt.-v.—A dozen Chaflinches flying S.H. Wind N.E. 1. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks flying N.W. at 2pm. Wind EH. 2. Clear.

Smalls Lt—A Pied Wagtail on the rock all day. Wind 8.E. 35 to 4.

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Black-backed Gulls flying N.at 104m. Wind 8.3. Misty.

Galloper Lt.-v.—Single Chaffinches flying W.S.W. at Zand llam. Calm. Fog.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Stariings flying N.W. at 10.50 4.m. Calm. Fog.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Ahbout 16 Starlings round the ship at 9AM. Calm. Dense fog.

Coquet Island Lt.—2 Starlings at 6.30 p.m. Wind S.W.3. Rain.

Smalls Lt—Large numbers of Starlings, from mid- night to sunrise, many killed; many Chiffchaffs and. a Redbreast at 3 A.M., and a dozen Water-Rails and Woodcocks with several Black Redstarts at sunrise. Wind 8.W. 3 to N.N.E. 3. Drizzling rain.

March 28th.

oP)

7

April

?

”

”

28th/29th.

29th/30th.

30th/31st.

dist.

2nd.

2nd/drd.

3rd,

érd/4th.

190

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Guillemots flying N. all day. WindS.4. Misty.

Galloper Lt.-v.—A “Flycatcher” on board at 6.30 a.M. A Chiffchaff flying W. at 7.30 a.m., and a Starling on board at 10 a.m. Wind N.W. 2. Fog to clear.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings from 8 P.M. to midnight. Wind E.S.E., light. Hazy.

Chicken Rock Lt—A few Starlings, Sky-Larks and Blackbirds from 9 P.M. to dawn. Wind N. to E. fresh.

South Bishop Lt.—About a dozen Song-Thrushes and Redwings flying N.W. at 3 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 2. Cloudy and misty.

South Bishop Lt.—1 Lapwing flying W. killed at 4 a.m. Wind &, 4. Fog.

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Black-backed Gulls with a few Herring-Gulls and Guillemots flying N. all day ; several Sky-Larks flying W. towards land and a few Rock-Pipits on the island all day. Wind S.E. 4. Blue sky, clear.

Galloper Lt.-v.—l1 “Crow” flying S.W. at 5 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 5. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—10 Sky-Larks seen at 2pm. Wind E.N.E.1. Hazy.

Bardsey Lt.—Ahbout 30 Redwings with a few Black- birds and Starlings round the lantern at 3 A.M.;

a Jack Snipe and two Manx Shearwaters also struck. Wind N.N.W. 4. Overcast, with rain.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Numbers of Starlings, Redwings and Jack Snipes round the lantern from 11 P.M. to 2am. Wind 8.W. to N.W. fresh. Rain to clear.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Galloper Lt.-v.—3 “ Wild Ducks” flying N.N.W. at 10,30 and 1 “ Linnet” to the W. at ll a.m, Wind N.3. Clear.

Anvil Point It.—A few Sky-Larks at 3 a.m. and a Song-Thrush at 1 am. Wind N. 4. Overcast.

Helwick Lt.-v.—3 Redwings at 3am. Wind N.E. 4, Clear,

April 3rd/4th.

(conéd.). » 4th/5th. ne oth.

» dth/6th.

Othy/i7th.

ee thy Sth.

WH

St. Catherine's Lt.—Large nnmbers of Redshanks from 2.30 a.m. to dawn; large numbers of Willow- Warblers and Chiffchaffs at 3.80 and Wheatears from 4+05 4M. Wind W.2. Overcast.

South Bishop It.—10 Wheatears at 10 p.m. Wind N.E. 6. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—20 Starlings flying N.W. at 3 p.m. Wind 8. 3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Large numbers of “big birds” (noue striking) from midnight to dawn, a few Song- Thrushes and Starlings from 2 to 4 A.m., and a few Wheatears, Blackcaps and Sanderlings at 4 a.m. Wind N.E, 2. Drizzling rain.

South Bishop Lt.—Numbers of Wheatears and Willow- Warblers at ll p.m. Wind N.E. 4. Overcast.

Anvil Pot Lt.—A large number of Redwings, Song- Thrushes, Willow-Warblers and Chiffchatts, with some Curlews and Lapwings, from 11 p.m. to dawn, Calm. Overcast.

Helwick Lt.-v.—A few Redwings, Blackbirds and “Plovers” between 8 and 10.30 p.m. 4 Redwings and a “Snipe” killed. Wind E.S.E. 3 to 8.E. 4. Overcast, with rain.

Owers Lt.-v.—Four Blackcaps seen at 10 p.m. Wind N.E. 3. Overcast, with misty rain.

Lundy Island North Lt.---\'wo or three dozen Chitf- chaffs and Wheatears, with about a dozen “ Plovers ” and severals Starlings, between 2.30 and 2.45 a.m. Wind 8.E. 4 to 5. Overcast to clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A flock of three dozen “ Black Geese ” tying HE. at 1 P.u.

Warner Lt.-v.—A. Linnet caught at 11 a.m. Wind N.E. 3. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v—20 Sky-Larks flying N.W. at 4 a.m. Wind N.E. 1. Cloudy and misty.

St. Catherine's Lt—Large numbers of Redwings, Starlings and Waders from midnight to 1.30 a.m.; a Lapwing and a Chiffchaff killed at 2.30 and a Red- breast and a Wryneck at 3 a.M.; very tew small birds seen. Wind N.K. 2. Overcast.

April

I

”

8th.

Sth/9th.

Oth.

9th/10th.

192

Galloper Lt.-v.—A flock of 30 small birds flying 8.E. at 11.30 am. Wind N. 3. Overcast.

Helwick [t.-v.—A “Sparrow” seen at 11 am, Wind 8.E. 4. Slight haze.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—6 Meadow-Pipits round the lantern at 3 A.M., flew to the 8. at daylight. Wind N.1. Hazy.

St. Catherine's It.— Dozens of Redwings with a few Wheatears and Chiffchatis from 3 to4 4.m. Wind N.W. 1. Overcast,

New Moon.

Galloper Lt.-v.—A dozen “ Wild Ducks” flying 8.E. at 2p.mM. Wind W.S.W. 3. Clear.

Bardsey Lt.—Ahbout 20 Wheatears at 3 a.m. Wind N.N.W. 4. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings and Redwings flymg N.W. from 10.80 p.m. to 4 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 8 to 8.S.W. 2. Overcast, with rain to clear.

Lynn Well Lt.-v.—50 Starlings flying $,W. at 1 a.m. Wind N.3. Clear,

Outer Dowsing [t.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings, with a few Blackbirds, Redwings and Fieldtfares, between lipmand4am. Wind 8.4 to S.S.W. 4. Over- cast but clear.

St, Catherine's It—lLarge numbers of Wheatears, Willow-Warblers and Chiftchaffs with a few Wry- necks, Wrens, Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Meadow- Pipits and Lapwings from 2 to 3.30 a.m, Wind S.E. 2. Overcast and cloudy at intervals.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Several Starlings and Sky-Larks at 9.30 p.m. and a Redwing killed at midnight. Wind N.E. 2 to N.N.E. 3. Overcast, with rain.

South Foreland Lt—VWundreds of Redwings round the lantern. Wind E.N.E. 3. Cloudy.

Lundy Island North Lt—Several Willow- Warblers at 10 p.mMyand a large flock of Redwings at midnight. Wind E.S.E. 3. Clear.

193

April 10th/11th. Dudgeon Lt.-v.— About 80 Starlings and “Knots”

a 11th.

» 1th/12th,

pan aloehe

» 12th/13th.

at 10 p.m. and 2.30 a.m. Wind S8.S.W. 4. Clear to misty.

St. Catherines Lt.—A few Willow-Warblers and Chiffchaffs at midnight. Wind E. 2. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—Numbers of Redwings all night. Wind 8.W. 3. Cloudy.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—A single Swallow flying N. at 11.30 a.m. Wind 8.2. Cloudy.

Bardsey Lt.—Ahbout 60 Wheatears, Chiffchaffs and Willow-Warblers, with 6 Ring-Ouzels and some Lapwings and Curlews, round the light from | to 4am. Wind 8.S.W. 5. Overcast.

Lynn Well Lt-v.— About 20 Wood-Pigeons and Lapwings flymg W. at 10 and 11 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 2. Cloudy.

St. Catherine's Lt.— Large numbers of Wheatears, Willow-Warblers and Chiffchafis, with a few Black- caps, Redstarts and Whitethroats, from 1.30 to 3 A.M., very few striking in comparison to the number present. Wind 8.8.W. 3. Rain until 2 4.M., cloudy after.

South Foreland Lt.—Numbers of Redwings all night. Wind S.W. 3.—Cloudy.

Lundy Island North Lt—One Wheatear killed at 9pm. WindS.W. Clear.

Dudgeon Lt.-v.—A Starling and a Chaffinch seen at lpm. Wind 8.3. Clear.

Galloper Lt.-v—A Chaffinch at 10.50 a.m. and a Swallow at 5 p.m., both flying S.W. Wind S.8.W.38, Clear to overcast.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—15 “ Sparrows ” flying N.W. at 3 P.M. Wind 8. by W.3. Clear.

Dungeness Lt.—1 Sky-Lark at 9.20 p.m.,a Common Tern at 9.40 p.M.,and several singly with single Wheatears throughout the night. Wind §.2+to S.W 3. Dark, overcast, with occasional rain.

194.

April 12th/18th. Owers Lt.-v—A dozen Tree-Pipits flying W.N.W. at

”

)

.)

bb)

”

”?

(contd.).

1dth.

14th.

14th/15th.

15th.

16th. 16th/17th,

18th.

19th.

20th.

21st.

21st/22nd.

22nd.

12.30 a.m. Wind 8.2. Overcast and dark.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—Dozens of Willow- Warblers with a few Blackcaps and Wheatears at 2 am. Wind S.S.W.3. Overcast.

South Foreland Lt.— Numbers of Redwings and Starlings all night. Wind 8.5. Showery.

Dungeness Lt.—Many large flocks of Common Scoters, with a few smaller ones of Brent-Geese, Divers and Common Terns, flying E. from dawn to 8 a.m.

Helwick Lt.-v.—1 Swallow flying N. at 5p.m. Wind W.N.W.5. Clear, passing showers.

Galloper Lt.-v.—380 “Wild Ducks” flying N. at 4.30 p.M., and a Meadow-Pipit about the ship at opm. Wind S.S.E.1. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt.—2 Swallows flying N.E.

Dudgeon Lt.-v.—A largenumber of Starlings, Sky-Larks, Curlews and “ Knots” at 12.50 a.m. None struck. Wind 8.E.3. Misty.

Dudgeon Lt.-v—aA dozen “ Linnets” flying N.W. at 10.30 a.m., and 4 Crows flying W. at noon, Wind S.W.4. Clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

South Foreland Lt.—A Jack Snipe killed ‘at 3 A.M. Wind W.N.W.3. Cloudy.

Lynmouth Foreland Lt,—1 Land-Rail killed.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E, at 7 a.m. Wind S8.8.W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.— Numbers of “Swallows” flying N. at 9 a.m.

Wind N.W.1. Misty.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “Swallows” flying N.E. at 8.20 a.m. Wind N.W.1. Misty.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at noon. Wind W. by N.3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A very few Willow-Warblers and Blackeaps at 3 a.M. Wind N.W.2. Overcast.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N.N.E. at 7.30 am. Wind N.N.E.1. <Clear.

195

April 22nd/28rd. St, Catherine's Lt.—Ahbout 20 Willow-Warblers and a

»

7

9

”

93rd.

24th.

25th. 26th. 27th. 28th. 28th/29th. 29th. 30th. Ist.

Ist/2nd.

few Redstarts at 3.80 a.m. Wind E.2. Cloudy.

Jab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at 6 a.m. Wind E. by N.3.. Clear.

Full Moon.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “ Swallows ” flying N.E. at 9 a.m. Wind W. by 8.5. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at noun. Wind W. by 8.4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at 7 a.m. Wind N.W.4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “Swallows” flying N. at lla.m. Wind W.S.W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.— A. few “Swallows” flying N. at 9 a.m. Wind S.W.3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A single Wheatear killed at mid- night. Wind 8.W.2. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v—-A few “Swallows” flying N. at 8 a.m. Wind N.W. by W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. all day. Wind N.N.W.3. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—2 “ Greenfinches ” flying E.N.E. at 2 P.M. Wind 8.W.1. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Thousands of Willow-Wavrblers, large numbers of Whitethroats and Wheatears, with smaller numbers of Blackeaps, Whinchats, Redstarts, Sedge-Warblers and a few Pied Flycatchers, Grass- hopper- Warblers and Yellow Wagtails, from midnight to3 am. Wind N.W.3. Overcast.

Would Lt.-v.cSeveral Black Redstarts at 2 a.m. and 9 Jack Snipes at 3.30 a.m. Wind E.N.E.2. Rain.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flyirg N.E. at 9 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 2. Hazy.

yab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at noon. Wind N.N.E.3. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—2 “Swallows” seen at 6 aM. Wind N.5. Overcast, with rain.

196

May srd/4th. Dungeness It.—Large numbers of Whitethroats and Willow- Warblers, with smaller numbers of Wheat- ears, Blackcaps, Lesser Whitethroats and Sedge- Warblers and a few Tree-Pipits and Redstarts, from 11.30 p.m. to sunrise, the largest numbers arriving at 12.30 a.m. Wind W.3. Cloudy, with rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Whitethroats, many Pied Wagtails and Wheatears with a few Redstarts and Wrynecks from 10 P.M. to 4 A.M. Wind W.1. Overcast, but clear.

St. Catherine's It.—Thousands of Willow-Warblers and Whitethroais, large numbers of Wheatears, Whinchats, Blackcaps and Sedge-Warblers, with a few Redstarts, Nightingales, Grasshopper- Warblers, Yellow Wagtails and Wrynecks, from 11 p.m. till dawn. Wind N.W.3. Rain.

South Foreland Lt.—Hundreds of Whitethroats and Willow-Warblers with many Lesser Whitethroats and a few Whinchats, Wheatears, Redstarts and Nightingales all night. Wind W. to W.S.W. Overcast, with heavy rain.

” 4th. Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “Swallows” flying N.E. at 9am. Wind N.N.W. 4. Cloudy.

» A4th/dth. Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Wheatears, Redstarts and Willow-Warblers from 9 p.m. to dawn. Wind S.W., fresh. Rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Thousands of Whitethroats and Willow-Warblers, large numbers of Redstarts, Sedge- Warblers and Blackcaps, with a few Wheatears, Tree- Pipits, Garden - Warblers, Chiffchafts and Nightingales, from 12.30 a.m. to dawn; a Grass- hopper- Warbler, a Blue-headed and a White Wagtail killed. Wind N.N.W. 4. Overcast. South Foreland Lt.—Large numbers of Whitethroats and Willow-Warblers with a few Whinchats at 11.30 p.m, Wind W.N.W. 4. Cloudy. 3 5th. Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N.E. at 3Pp.M. Wind N.W. 5. Clear, passing rain. ¥ 5th/6th. South Foreland Lt.—Many Whitethroats and Willow-

Warblers with a few Whinchats from 12.80 to 1.0 4.mM. Wind W.N.W. 38. Cloudy.

May 5th/Gth.

(contd.). a 6th. * 7th. op 8th.

» S8th/9th.

9th.

”?

10th.

9

» 10th/11th.

11th.

”

12th.

+P)

13th.

oy)

14th.

9

”

15th.

ty)

16th.

9th/10th.

14th/15th.

197

Would Lt.-v.—A Wheatear killed at 3 a.m. Wind VW GSW Be

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at 10 a... Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

Nab Lit.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N.E. at noon. Wind W. 6. Clear.

New Moon.

Nab Lt.-v.—A few “Swallows” flying N. at 11 a.m. Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Willow- Warblers from 9 P.M. to 2 a.m. Wind N. to N.N.W. 3. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Nab Lt.-v.— Several “ Flycatchers” round the lantern at 10 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 5. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several Swifts flying N. at noon and a few “Swallows” flying N.E.at2p.m. WindN.N.E. 4to 5. Cloudy.

Lundy Island South Lt.—A dozen Willow-Warblers seen, 3 and a Wryneck killed. Wind N. 3. Clear.

Nab Lt.v.— A few “Swallows” flying N. at 10 a... Wind H.S.E. 2. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Tree-Pipits from 10 p.m. to midnight. Wind $.E. Overcast but clear.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several “Swallows” flying N. at 2 p.m. Wind N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several “ Swallows” flying N. at noon. Wind E.S.E. 6. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v.—Several “ Swallows ” flying N.E. at 3 p.m, Wind $.E. 4. Cloudy.

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. during the day. Wind HK. 4. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—A Kingfisher killed at 1.45 a.m. Wind N. 4. Fog.

Nab Lt.-v-—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. all day. Wind 8.E. 2. Cloudy.

Moon, First Quarter.

May

a)

9

”

”

9)

33

16th. (contd.).

17th/18th.

18th.

18th/19th.

19th.

19th/20th.

22nd/28rd.

24th.

26th.

29th.

198

Nab Lt.-v.—Numbers of “ Swallows” flying N. all day. Wind E. 2. Cloudy.

St. Catherine's It.—Large numbers of Willow-Warblers and Whitethroats with a few Garden- and Sedge- Warblers from 11.50 p.m. to 12.15 a.m. Wind E. 5. Overcast. Birds disappeared when the moon rose and stars appeared.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—4 “Swallows” flying 8. at 9.10 a.m. Wind N.E.1. Cloudy.

St. Catherines Lt. — Great numbers of Willow- Warblers, Whitethroats and Spotted Flycatchers, with a few Wood-, Garden- and Reed-Warblers, from 2 to 3 am. Very few striking. Wind ELN.E. 3. Overcast, rain at times.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.— Swallows” passing

N. in ones and twos all day. Wind E.N.H. 2. Cloudy.

Smalls Lt.—Several Swifts, Wouse-Martins and White- throats at 11 pm, 2 and 3 a.m. respectively. Wind W.N.W. 3 to N.N.E. 1. Misty to foggy.

Helwick Lt.-v.—l “Swallow” flying N. at 5 P.M. Wind W. 2. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt-v. —9 “ Wigeon” seen at 3.30 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clear.

Helwick Lt.-v.— “Swallow” flying 8. at 10 a.m. Wind N. 2. Clear.

Helwick Lt.-v.—3 “Swallows” flying N. at 8.10 p.m. Wind N. 4. Clear.

Full Moon. English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—11 “ Linnets” flying N. at 4.530 p.m. Wind N.N.E.3. Clear.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—* Swallows” passing N. in threes and fours all day. Wind E.N.E. 2. Hazy.

English and Welsh Grounds It.-v.—Several House- Martins flying N. at 9.50 a.m. Wind W.N.W. 4. Overcast, with rain.

Helwick Lt.-v.—3 “Swallows” flying N. at 6.45 a.m, Wind W.S.W. 5, Clear.

gg

May 29th/30th. East Goodwin L[t.-v.— A Cuckoo killed at 10 pM,

”

June 2nd/3rd.

7

”

99

”

9

dlst.

ord.

4th/5th,

5th.

6th.

7th.

7th/8th.

11th.

13th.

14th.

Wind 8.W. 4 to 5. Fog.

English and Welsh Grounds [t.-v.—<A flock of Willow- Warblers round the light from 9.30 p.m. to daylight, when they flew S. Wind W.3. Clear.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Bardsey Lt.—A number of birds at the lantern between 10 pm. and 2 a.M., including Sedge-Warblers, Whitethroats, Spotted Flycatchers, Cuckoos and Nightjars. Wind W.S.W. 3. Overcast, with slight mist.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—“ Swallows” passing N. in ones and twos all day. Wind W.S.W. 3. Cloudy.

Bardsey Lt.—6 Manx Shearwaters killed.

Flelwick Lt.-v.— A Spotted Flycatcher caught at 10am. Wind E. 3. Rain.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.— Swallows” passing N. in ones and twos all day. Wind E.N.E. 3. Cloudy.

New Moon.

Smalls Lt.—2 Wheatears at midnight and 4 Kestrels at 4.a.mM. Wind S.E. 1lto N.E.1. Fog.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—5 “ Swallows” seen at 11 a.m. Wind N.E.1. Fog.

English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v.—3 “Swallows” flying N. at 2.30P.m. Wind N.2. Cloudy.

Moon, First Quarter.

NOTES

ON

MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS

DURING

THE AUTUMN OF 1909.

Day Migration is denoted thus: September 30th, Night Migration is denoted thus: September 29th/30th.

THE MISTLE-THRUSH (Turdus visetvorus)

Aug. 17th. Mull, Argyll, forty passing S. 23rd. Staffordshire, larze numbers arrived. 24th. Devon, a small flock passing. 31st. Staffordshire, numbers still present. Sent. 20th. N. Oxfordshire, a flock seen. » 2ist&28th. Isle of May (Fife), one passing each day. Oct. Ist. N. Oxfordshire, still present in small flocks. 10th & 11th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few flying south each day.

”

is 21st. N. Oxfordshire, all gone. 3 93rd. §. Devon, three passing. 29th. S. Devon, winter residents arrived.

Non 13th/14th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few.

THE SONG-THRUSH (Turdus musicus).

The earliest movement on the east coast was noted at Spurn Head Light on the night of August the 26th/27th, but it was not until a fortnight later that any further records were received, when on the llth of September a large flock was observed flying S.E. at Cromer. A week later the immigration of Continental Song-Thrushes set in in earnest, being observed for the first time on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 18th, where subsequent arrivals took place on the 24th/25th, 26th, 28th and 30th, while large numbers arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 28th and small numbers on the north coast of Norfolk on the 22nd and the 28rd/24th.

201

During October immigrant Song-Thrushes were recorded along the whole of the east coast from Fifeshire to the mouth of the Thames, between the 10th and the 19th, the largest numbers being observed at the Isle of May on the 16th/17th, on the south Yorkshire coast on the 11th and 19th, and on the Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex coasts on the 11th and 12th. Large numbers also arrived on Fair Isle, Shetland, on the 18th. 7

The migration on the night of the 10th/11th seems to have covered an especially extensive area of arrival, being recorded along the whole coast from the Humber to the Thames. Towards the end of the month further small influxes were recorded on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 26th and 30th/31st, and these were again followed by larger numbers on November the Ist and 2nd, arrivals being also reported on the Ist at Whitby Light. On November the 14th and 14th/15th a further arrival of migrants occurred on the south-east coast between Essex and Dungeness (Kent).

Taking the records as a whole, night movements are more numerous than those by day, and at the height of migration in mid-October they were more or less continuous throughout the night, It is probable that the majority of the individuals concerned in these movements belonged to the Continental race, but those arriving on the Yorkshire coast and on the Isle of May were the only ones critically examined.

The earliest movement noticed on the south coast was at the Eddy- stone Light on the night of September 3rd/4th, but no further records were received from that station until November.

Between September the 9th and 21st movements were observed on nine days or nights at the Sussex and Hampshire lights, but the numbers were in all cases quite small and there was no indication whether they were of a direct emigratory character or of a coasting nature towards the west. An increase of Song-Thrushes was noticed in 8. Devon on September 28th. All the birds examined from St. Catherine’s Light belonged to the British race.

During October the records gave very little indication of movements ; a large increase was noted in Wiltshire on the 14th lasting until the 16th, which corresponded with the passage of birds observed at St. Catherine’s Light on the 16th/17th, while on the 26th/27th a few more were noticed at St. Catherine’s Light and also at Hanois Light (Guernsey).

The main departure movements from the south coast evideatly took place during the first half of November and extended along the greater part of the coast from the Isle of Wight to the Isles of Scilly. During this period the records from the Eddystone Light were the most im- portant and included ten nights out of the first sixteen, while the largest movements took place on the 4th/5th, 6th/7th, 7th/8th and 15th/16th.

In December a repetition of these movements occurred between the 13th and 18th, being observed nightly at the Eddystone Light and on the

oO

202

last night at St. Catherine’s Light also, while the largest emigrations occurred on the 15th/16th and 16th/17th.

During November and December both the British and Continental races were represented among the specimens taken at St. Catherine’s Light.

On the west coast numerous records were received from the light- stations on the Isle.of Man, the Welsh Skerries, Bardsey Island and the coasts of Pembroke and N. Devon. Very little evidence was, however, forthcoming as to the direction the birds were taking; in one or two instances the flight was said to have been to the west or to the south, but as the observations were all made at night too much reliance cannot be placed on them. It is not improbable that both may be true and that on this coast we have to deal with both emigratory movements across the Irish Sea and southward coasting movements. If the time of arrival ut the different stations is of any value, these perhaps point to a south- ward movement on one or two occasions.

From the 13th to the 16th of September there was a considerable movement past the Welsh Skerries, and birds remained on the rocks for two or three days, while others passed on the 24th/25th. A movement was also recorded on the 15th/16th off the Pembrokeshire coast, but with these exceptions, no other migration was observed until mid-October. On the 12/18th and 16th/17th of this month Thrushes were passing the Isle of Man and on the 19th the winter residents were recorded as having arrived in the island. Great numbers passed the island again on the 21st/22nd, and small numbers were noted at Bardsey on the 25th/26th and off the Pembroke coast on the 27th/28th, while Lundy Island was full of Song-Thrushes from the 28th to the 3lst. The largest movement, however, occurred from the 4th to the 14th of November ; the numbers were very large and records were received from several lights on the same night, pointing to a universal movement over a considerable area. It will be noted also that this movement corresponded almost exactly with the main departure movement from the south coast. Similar corresponding movements were noted from the Welsh and south coast lights between the 9th and 16th of December, the greatest number being noted at the Bardsey and Pembroke Lights on the 12th/18th.

The ereat paucity of observations on this species by our inland observers must be referred to; it does not seem to be generally realised that the Song-Thrush is a very active migrant.

THE REDWING (Turdus tliacus).

The earliest records of an immigratory movement were received from Fair Isle (Shetland) and the Isle of May (Fife) on September the 25th and from the south coast of Yorkshire on the following day. On the 28th large numbers of Redwings arrived on the Isle of May, where they only remained for a short period. No further arrivals were recorded until the 10th of October, when enormous flocks were observed arriving

203

all day at the Isle of May, and small numbers were again noted on the south coast of Yorkshire, where an immigration of considerable numbers also occurred on the following day. Many of these birds immediately passed on to the south, and all had gone by the 12th. A week later, between the 17th and 19th, an immigration of very large dimensions occurred, vast numbers being recorded from the Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), Fair Isle, Tarbatness (Moray Firth), the Isle of May and the south coast of Yorkshire. On the 22nd small flocks travelling west were seen in Suffolk, and on the 23rd the first Redwings arrived in Mull, being reported also on the same night from Skerryvore (Inner Hebrides), On the 26th a further large immigration, which passed on during that night, occurred on the south coast of Yorkshire, and on the same day a small flock was observed flying south-west in Kent. Migrating parties were heard passing in Hertfordshire each evening from the 29th to the 31st, large numbers were present on Lundy Island (N. Devon) from the 28th to the 31st, and on the latter date many had arrived in Staffordshire.

During the first five days of November considerable movements were again in progress not only on the east coast, but on the west as well. Large numbers were seen passing every day on the south coast of Yorkshire, many being also recorded from Whitby Light on the 1st and from Spurn Head Light on the night of the 4th ; on the Ist also a flock of five or six hundred was seen flying south-west (in company with Fieldfares) in south Yorkshire and numbers were seen flying south-west in Kent, while on the 5th Redwings were arriving off the sea on the Norfolk coast in a continuous stream up to 8.15 a.m.

From the Ist to the 6th thousands of Redwings were seen (presumably passing), during sleet and snow, in west Ross-shire; between the same dates they were noticed passing over Staflordshire in large numbers, while many were reported from Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 4th/Sth and thousands from the former light on the following night. On the 15th several flocks were again seen arriving from the north in Staffordshire and at night numbers occurred at Bardsey Light.

Movements either of a westward coasting or a direct emigratory character were recorded from several of the south coast lights during November, small numbers being noted at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the drd/4th, at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 6th/7th, large numbers (apparently coming from the east) at; Dungeness (Kent) and at St. Catherine’s Light on the 14th/15th, and small numbers again at St. Catherine’s and the Eddystone on the 15th/16th, and at the latter light on the 19th/20th.

A few birds also occurred at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on November the 16th/17th and 19th/20th.

In December dozens were reported at St. Catherine’s Light and large numbers at Bardsey Light on the 11th/12th, while at the Eddystone Light a few were noticed on the 13th/14th, and large numbers on the 15th/16th and 16th/17th.

02

204

THE FIELDFARE (Turdus pilaris).

The first Fieldfares appear to have arrived in Northumberland on the 11th of October, and these were followed by a few more on the 16th and a large influx on the 17th. On the two latter dates arrivals were also recorded at Tarbatness Light {Moray Firth) and at the Isle of May (Fife), while on the 18th/19th considerable numbers occurred at the Flannan Isles Light (Outer Hebrides), Suleskerry Light (Orkney) and on Fair Isle (Shetland). During the third week of that month a few were passing on the south coast of Yorkshire, migrating flocks were noticed in Hampshire so early as the 13th, large numbers arrived in Cumberland on the 25th and 28th, on which latter date flocks were also seen flying west in Suffolk. Fieldfares arrived in Staffordshire in large numbers on the 29th and were abundant on Lundy Island from the 28th to the 31st, while on the 30th a large flock was seen flying south-east in Mull (Argyll).

During the first ten days of November considerable further arrivals took place, on the Yorkshire coast on the Ist, 3rd and 5th, on the Norfolk coast on the 5th, in Northumberland on the 9th and in Suffolk on the Yth and 10th.

On the west side, thousands were seen in west Ross-shire (pre- sumably passing) in sleet and snow during the first six days cf November, many were reported from Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 4th/5th and several from Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 5th/6th, while on the 4th and 6th large numbers passed through Wiltshire. On the 12th large flocks appeared in Dorsetshire, others were passing through Lancashire on the 13th, and at night numbers were reported from Bardsey Light. A few were seen coming in from the east at Dungeness Light (Kent) on November the 14th/15th, but the species was not otherwise reported from the south coast lights. A large flock was observed at the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides) on the 18th.

In December the movements recorded were very small in number. A good many Fieldfares were observed passing south through Oxford- shire on the 5rd and 10th, and a few were seen at Bardsey Light on the 12th/13th and at Spurn Head Light on the 14th/15th.

THE BLACKBIRD (Turdus merula).

There was no record of any migratury movement until quite the end of September, when a great many Blackbirds were observed at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 28th, but all had departed by the 30th. A con- siderable influx took place at Loch Awe (Argyll) on the 8th of October ; at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (Essex) many were noted on the night of the 10th/11th and from 11 a.M. to 1.30 P.M. on the 12th ; between the 13th and the 1&th a few were observed at the Longsand Light-vessel

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(Hssex) flying north, mostly during the day, and numbers were reported from Dunrossness and Fair Isle (Shetland), Suleskerry (Orkney) and Tarbatness (Moray).

On the south coast of Yorkshire large numbers appeared on the 11th, 19th and 26th of October and passed on the following days, mostly taking a southward course. A further large arrival took place there on the lst of November, and another on the 5th, on which date a few flying N.W. were also observed at the Inner Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire). On the night of the 4th/5th many were reported at the Spurn Head Light and a few more were seen there on the 14th/15th. On the last-named night a few were reported at Dungeness (Kent), apparently coming from the east, and a single bird passed the Goodwin Light-vessel on the 21st travelling west.

The records from the southern lights were very scanty. A few were observed at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) on the 13th/14th of September, and at St. Catherine’s Light on'the 2nd/3rd and the 15th/16th of November.

The records from the western lights showed that migrations weve numerous from October to December, but, as most of the records were made at night, the direction of flight was not ascertained. The following were the most important movements noted: Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man), great numbers on the 21st/22nd of October and between the 4th and 9th of November, also afew on the 13th/J4th of November; Skerries Light (Anglesey), a few on the 25th/26th of September; Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), moderate numbers on the 25th/26th of October and great numbers on the 4th/5th, 5th/6th and 13th/14th of November and the 12th/13th of December. On the night of the 5th/6th of November the birds were described as being in ‘‘ thousands,” and those seen on the 12th/13th of December appeared to be going south; South Bishop Light (Pembroke), many on the 5th/6th of November and large numbers arriving apparently from the east on the 12th/13th of December; Lundy Island Light (Devon), large numbers on the island from the 28th to the 8lst of October ; Longships Light (Cornwall), small flocks on the 9th/10th and 12th/183th of November; Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly), many on the 4th/5th and 5th/6th of November.

Inland movements.—There was a large arrival in Wiltshire between the Ist and 15th of August, followed by a decrease on the 16th and 19th; a further increase took place on the 25th, and large numbers were observed passing from the 14th to the 16th of October. A large increase was also noted in Staffordshire on the 23rd of August.

THE RING-OUZEL (Turdus torquatus’.

Aug. 11th. Dartmoor (Devon), one seen. 28rd. _-\N. Staffordshire, still in breeding-haunts.

\

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Aug. 24th. N. Staffordshire, all gone from breeding-haunts. Sept. 1st/2nd. Eddystone Lt. (Cornwall), one killed. = ord. N. Staffordshire, two passing. » 6th/7th. Eddystone Lt., two. sp 17th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived in the afternoon. > 26th. Isle of May (Fife), a few arrived; S. Yorkshire coast, four arrived.

P) ae a S. Yorkshire coast, one seen daily.

> 22th. Isle of May, numbers arrived.

+ 29th. Isle of May, all gone; Lincolnshire coast, one seen. Oct. Ath. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived; Flannan Isles Lt.

(Outer Hebrides), some.

; 15th. N.E. Hampshire, one seen.

es 17th. Butt of Lewis Lt. (Outer Hebrides}, three killed.

1 18th. Isle of May, one passing; S. Yorkshire coast, one

arrived ; Tarbatness Lt. (Moray Firth), three lulled ; Fair Isle (Shetland), several.

Nov. 4th. Pentland Skerries Lt. (Orkney,, one.

Dec. 18th. Fair Isle, one.

THE WHEATEAR (Sazicola enanthe).

Some of the resident Wheatears in the northern midland counties began to move south at the end of July and a few were noted on passage at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 28th; by the end of the first week in August the movement had become general. The birds had mostly left the South Downs by the 7th and a day later their places had been taken by migrants. The local residents in 8. Yorkshire seem to have left on the night of the 22nd. At intervals throughout the month passing migrants were recorded from many localities in the midland and southern counties, and the process of collecting in the neighbourhood of the south coast was very marked from the second week onwards. From the 12th to the end of the month a gradual accumulation took place on Hayling Island (Hants), and though it is evident from other records that departures must have taken place, the steady stream of arrivals exceeded the departures, so that our observer at that station was only able to chronicle the increase, and by the end of the month the numbers had reached prodigious proportions. Large numbers appear to have arrived at the Hampshire coast on the 18th and others were recorded from the South Downs on the 22nd and 29th, at the Dorset coast on the 26th, and in E. Kent on the 27th. There does not appear to have been any increase further west than the Dorset coast until quite the end of the month, In the meantime a certain amount of movement was noticed on the west coast; a single bird was taken at the Flannan Island Light (Outer Hebrides) on the 10th; a few were recorded from Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 14th/15th, amongst them being one at least of the

Greenland race, which would seem to be an unusually early record. Hundreds passed Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) between 10 p.m. aud dawn of the 17th/18th, six were taken at Sule Skerry Light (Orkney) on the 19th, and an increase in numbers was noted in the Isle of Man on the 22nd. During this period no records were received from any of the eastern counties until large numbers arrived in HE. Kent on the 27th.

The earliest departure of migrants from the south coast was recorded from Sussex on the 14th of August; this was followed by departures from Kent and Hampshire on the 26th/27th recorded at the S. Foreland and St. Catherine’s Lights, from the Isle of Wight again on the 27th/28th and 29th/30th, and from KH. Kent on (probably the nights of) the 28th, 29th and 30th.

During September the passage of migrants in small numbers con- tinued throughout the midland counties, with a corresponding accu- mulation along the south coast, the movement being more apparent to the west of Dorset than during August. Small numbers continued to pass down the west coast, being noted on the Isle of Man on the 5th, 12th, 20th, 23rd and 26th, and at Chicken Rock Light on the 10th/11th, as well as at the Skerries on the 13th/l14th and 14th and at Bardsey Island on the 16th/17th. The arrival of migrants and their passage down the east coast appears to have commenced about the second week of the month; a few arrived on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 9th and larger numbers on the 12th, these gradually passing on during the next three days. Large numbers passed the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames) on the 10th/11th, and two were seen from the Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk) on the morning of the 12th, when an arrival was also noted on the north coast of Norfolk, where others were seen passing on the 18th and 15th. On the 16th there were simultaneous arrivals on the coasts of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and Kent. The York- shire birds gradually passed on during the next two days, and after the 18th the passage of a few birds was noted daily, while on the 18th/1?th one was taken at Whitby Light. The Norfolk birds passed on at once and were followed by others on the 18th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd and 28th, when six were seen flying W. at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel; a few were noted passing S.W. in mid-Suffolk from the 2Ist to the 28rd. Emigration from the south coast was almost continuous during September. The main departure of the Hayling Island birds began at dawn on the 3rd, when they were seen leaving to the S.W. against the wind ; between the 4th and 11th continuous arrivals and departures took place in that area, the arrivals practically ceasing on the latter date, while the departures continued for two days longer. Other emigrations took place from the Devonshire and Cornish coasts on the nights of the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, 17th, 19th, 25th and 28th, but with the exception of the 25th the numbers recorded were small; from the

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Dorset coast on the Ist, 23rd and 24th (large numbers on the last two lates) ; and from the Isle of Wight on the nights of the 7th, 10th, 12th, 15th, 16th and 20th, as well as during the day on the 14th, when the numbers were very large, the night movements at this station being com- paratively small. From the Sussex coast small emigrations took place on the 5th, 17th/18th and 19th, and from the Kent coast between the 16th and 20th. After the 25th of September the records indicate that the bulk of the Wheatears had departed and refer to stragglers only; the records came from widely separated localities, the only ones showing any continuity being those from the east coast, where the movements of small numbers were reported up to the 21st of October. The latest record from the English lights noted four seen flying towards the Norfolk coast at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel on the 5th, though further north Wheatears occurred at the Isle of May on the 7th, Fair Isle on the 12th, the Butt of Lewis on the 17th, and the Flannans on tlie 31st.

In addition to the early record from Bardsey already referred to, Greenland W heatears were also noted on passage at Dunnet Head (Caith- ness) on August the 30th, at the Mull of Galloway on September the 12th, at St. Catherine’s Light on September the 16th/17th. in W. Kent on September the 16th, 17th and 18th, at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 18th/19th, at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 20th, 26th and October 22nd, at Smalls Light (Pembroke) on September the 21st/22nd, at the Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the 24th/25th, and on Fair Isle on thirteen dates hetween September the 28th and October the 16th.

THE WHINCHAT (Pratincola rubetra).

Between July the 28th and August the 8rd Whinchats were reported as leaving their breeding-quarters in Northumberland and moying into the river valleys, and the species was last seen in N. Staffordshire on the dlst of July. Others were observed on migration in Hast Fife on the 18th and at Fair Isle on the 25th of August; they were passing through KE. Kent in moderate numbers during the Jatter half of the month, while a great influx noted in Thanet on the 27th had passed on by the 30th. During September the last Whinchat was seen in Cumberland on the 2nd and in N. Cheshire on the 5th; the local birds left S. Staffordshire between the 5th and 12th, though migrants continued to pass through up to the 19th; the Shropshire birds left about the 11th, and the last ones were seen in HK. Ross-shire on the 17th and in mid- Yorkshire and North- amptonshire on the 19th. On the east coast one was seen on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 14th; from the 10th to the 18th small parties of Whinchats were passing down the Yorkshire coast, where a larger number passed south on the 22nd, being followed by stragglers daily until the 29th. On the Norfolk coast stragglers were reported with other migrants on the Ist, 8th, 11th, 13th, 16th, 17th and 23rd, all passing

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quickly on, while several were noted passing in mid-Suffolk on the 21st, and in K. Kent on the 11th, 12th and 26th. A few birds on passage were also recorded during the month in other south-eastern counties. Beyond the emigration noted in E. Kent at the end of August there is very little more that can be said on that point; small flocks were noted as passing ou Hayling Island (Hants) on September the 8th and 9th, pointing to an emigration about those dates, and many occurred at Anvil Point Light (Dorset) on the night of the 15th. On the 20th there seems to have been a further departure from the Dorset coast, and the E. Kent records already mentioned probably indicate departures of small numbers from that area between the 11th and 26th. Another small flock was recorded from Hayling Island on October the 6th.

THE STONECHAT (Pratincola rubicola).

A few records of movements of this species were received, but there is nothing to indicate that they were otherwise than of a local character. A decrease was noted in the locally bred birds on the South Downs (Sussex) on August the 25rd, an increase was reported in the New Forest district of Hampshire on September 19th, and on the 21st, 22nd, 25th and 26th single passing birds were recorded from noun- breeding areas in Ki, Kent. During October a few birds were noted passing south on the south coast of Yorkshire on the Ist and 7th, while two or three birds which had just arrived were noted there on the 14th and 19th. On the 19th of September a single bird appeared on the Isle of May (Fite).

THE REDSTART (Ruticilla pheenicurus).

Redstarts began to leave their summer-haunts early in August, an observer in Cardigan reporting the departure of the resident-birds from his neighbourhood during the first week vf the month. The observations show that they were collecting and joining in with flocks of Willow- Warblers in Cumberland on the 5th, and that the main hody left that county on the 21st. On the 25th a movement was noticed on the coast of Fife; on the 28th there was a considerable decrease in Staffordshire, and passing birds were noted at the Isle of May and in Sussex, and on the night of the 27th/28th several were seen at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight).

On the 4th of September small parties were moving through Sussex, and from the 11th to the 2lst they were passing down the coasts of South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and Kent in large numbers. Many were reported at Anvil Point Light (Dorset) on the 15th/16th, and hundreds at St. Catherine’s Light on the 16th/17th, on which date a few were also noted at Hanois Light (Guernsey). On the following night a few were again recorded at St. Catherine’s Licht, a large number at Anvil Point Light, and a moderate number at the

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Kentish Knock Light-vessel. After that, with the exception of a few seen at St. Catherine’s Light on the 20th/2Ist, there were no further records of any importance. Single birds were observed on Fair Isle, on the Isle of May, in Yorkshire and in Northamptonshire in the first week of October.

THE BLACK REDSTART (Ruticilla titys).

Oct. = 4th. Fair Isle, one seen. Noy. 13th. S.E. Suffolk, one seen.

THE BLUETHROAT (Cyanecula suecica). Sept. 11th. N. Norfolk coast, five arvived.

- 13th. S. Yorkshire coast, two arrived; N. Norfolk coast, one.

25 14th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived; N. Norfolk coast, none.

., loth & 16th. N. Norfoik coast, one seen each day. 5 17th. Isle of May, one arrived.

a 18th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived; N. Norfolk coast, three. 5 20th. N. Norfolk coast, one.

» 25th& 28th.S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived each day.

THE REDBREAST (L£rithacus rubecula).

Sept. Ist. Isle of Man, winter residents arrived. - 10th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), a few. 11th. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived with Redstarts &e. » lith/12th. Chicken Rock Lt., two. Pot heto

Oct. 15th. Mid-Sussex, large temporary increase.

» 16th/17th. Hartland Pt. Lt. (N. Devon), St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight) and Owers Lt.-v. (Sussex), a few. », 17th, 18th, 24th & 26th. 29th. Isle of May (Fife), a good many arrived; S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived. 5 30th. S. Yorkshire coast, three arrived. Oct. Ist, 2nd & 8th. bs 3lst. Owers Lt.-v., six flying south. Dec. 11th/12th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one taken.

N.B.—AI] those observed arriving on the 8, Yorkshire coast belonged to the Continental race, as also the bird taken at St. Catherine’s Light on Dee. 11th/12th, while those taken at that light on Sept. 16th/17th were of the British race.

S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived each day.

9

S. Yorkshire coast, one or two fresh arrivals each day.

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THE BLACKCAP (Sylvia atricapilla). Aug. 16th. Hertfordshire, last local resident seen.

9 ss 24th to Fair Isle, a few.

Oct. 4th. Sept. 3rd. W. Kent, a decrease noted; 8. Devonshire, two or three passing. op oth. S. Devonshire, one seen. 1 9th. S.E. Surrey, one passing.

» 9th/10th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one. », 9th to 14th. S. Yorkshire coast, none seen.

2th/13 . » 12th/13th St. Catherine’s Lt., several.

& 16th/17th.

13th. Isle of May (Hife), one arrived.

5 15th. S. Yorkshire, coast, une passing.

a 17th. W. Kent, main departure of local residents noted ; Isle

of May, one arrived.

» 17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt., a few.

55 18th. W. Kent, last seen ; Isle of May, a further arrival.

» 24th & 25th. S. Devonshire, one (last) seen.

» 2oth/26th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one.

5 28th. Isle of May, many arrived. Oct. 8th. S. Yorkshire coast, ove passing.

» lOth/llth. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the

mouth of the Thames), several.

11th/12th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., a few; St. Catherine’s Lt., one. , 16th/17th. Isle of May Lt., one. », 18th & 19th. Isle of May and 8. Yorkshire coast, one passing each day. », 24th/25th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one.

”

THE GARDEN-WARBLER (Sylvia hortensis).

_ The earliest recorded movement was from the Isle of May (Iife), on August the 5th. Our summer residents began to move south shortly after the middle cf the month: a few were noted at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 14th/15th, some were seen up to the 25th in Radnor and the 26th in N. Staffordshire, while the majority of the local residents left W. Kent about the 23rd, and small numbers of emigrants were noted at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 26th/27th and 27th/28th.

Emigration was in progress throughout September: many were noted passing in N. Someiset on the 14th, 15th and 16th, the largest numbers being seen on the 16th, while at St. Catherine’s Light emigrants were reported on the 9th/10th, 15th/16th, 16th/17th, 17th/18th and 20th/2Ist, the majority passing between the 15th and 18th. A single bird was also taken at that light on October the 9th/10th.

The remaining records relate to the passage of migrants down the

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east coast, where the first bird was noted in N. Norfolk on September 8th, followed by a second on the 13th; the following day two were seen on the S. coast of Yorkshire, and on the 16th several more were seen there as well as on the adjoining coast of Lincolnshire and the N. coast of Norfolk. On the 17th several arrived on the Isle of May (Fife), after which date there was apparently a lull until the 20th, when further urrivals took place in 8. Yorkshire, and passing quickly on, were followed by others on the afternoon of the 23rd, when a further arrival was also reported from N. Norfolk. From the 25th to the 29th a considerable passage was noted at the Isle of May, the largest numbers passing on the 25th and 28th, while between thore dates stragelers only were seen in S. Yorkshire and no records were received from Norfolk. The last two birds were seen on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 30th, but stragglers were taken at Fair Isle (Shetland) on Octuber the 11th and at the Isle of May Light on October the 16th/17th.

THE WHITETHROAT (Sylvia cinerea).

The inland records do not tend to throw very much light on the emigration of this species. The movement appears to have commenced about the first week of August, as a decrease was noticed in Northumber- land and Warwickshire on the 8th, in Lancashire on the 9th and in Staffordshire on the 10th. The autumn passage commenced at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 15th and an increase was noted in Wiltshire on the 3lst. On the nights of the 25th to the 28th (inclusive) several were recorded from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight).

In September a further decrease took place in Warwickshire on the 2nd and in Kent on the 6th, 10th and 11th. An observer in Wiltshire reported Whitethroats as being very numerous between ihe Ist and 4th, and in large numbers in turnip-fields between the 6th and 8th, but all had gone on the Stn. Between the 11th and 27th twenty-five reports were received from nine lights on the west and south coasts, the largest movements taking place at Bardsey Island and Lundy Island on the \4th/15th, at Anvil Point and St. Catherine’s on the 15th/16th, at St. Catherine’s on the 16th/17th, and at Anvil Point and St. Catherine’s on the 17th/18th. Large numbers were also recorded from the Isle of May on the 24th, where the last one was seen on the 27th, while single birds were noted in Kent and Northamptonshire on the 2nd and 20th of October.

THE LESSER WHITETHROAT (Sylvia curruca).

There is evidence that some of our summer-residents began to move south early in the second week of August; thus the majority of the local birds left W. Warwickshire on the 8th, though in the eastern part of the country they appear to have remained until some ten days later,

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while single passing migrants were noted at intervals up to the 19th of September. On the Sussex coast also a number of birds on passage arrived as early as the 9th of August and passed quickly on,

During the first week in September many local birds left W. Kent, whence they had practically all departed by the 18th, stragglers being noted both in that district and in EH. Kent up to the 19th and on the Sussex cvast up to the 22nd. From the light returns it was evident that the main departure took place between the 16th and 18th; on the first night comparatively small numbers were recorded from the Sussex and Hampshire lights, but on the following night very large numbers were reported from both these and the Dorset Lights. Single birds were seen in Staffordshire on the 12th, in Shropshire on the 15th and in Surrey on the 19th.

Down the east coast small numbers were noted on passage between September the 8th and the end of the month, several arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 16th and 24th, while single birds were noted there on the 17th, 22nd, 26th, 28th, 29th and 30th. On the south coast of Yorkshire single birds were seen on the 12th, 20th and 24th, and on the N. coast of Norfolk on the 8th, 14th and 16th, while a strageler was seen as late as the 27th of October on the 8S. coast of Yorkshire.

THE BARRED WARBLER (Sylvia nisoria). Sept. 13th. Isle of May (Fife), one.

THE CHIFFCHAFF (Phylloscopus rufus).

The first decided emigratory movement recorded was during the first ten days of September, when Chiffchatts were reported as passing through Somerset and Hampshire on the 3rd, 6th and 10th; on the nights of the 12th/13th and 14th/15th large numbers were observed at Bardsey (Carnarvon) and Lundy Island (Devon) Lights, and in smaller numbers at St. Catherine’s (Isle of Wight) and the Skerries (Anglesey) ; a large temporary increase was recorded in Somerset on the 15th, and in Hamp- shire on the following day. These were followed by a large mevement noted at the lights on the 16th/17th and 17th/18th of September, when ereat numbers were reported at the lights at Flatholm (Glamorgan), Anyil Point (Dorset) and St. Catherine’s and a few at Bardsey (Car- narvon) and Owers (Sussex).

The main body of Chiffchaffs had now apparently left the country, as only a few were recorded at the Dorset, Hants and Sussex Lights on the nights of the 18th to the 23rd (inclusive), the last lighthouse record being a single bird at St. Catherine’s on the 26th/27th. Inland observers afier the last-named date reported stragglers up to the end of the first week in October.

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THE WILLOW-WARBLER (Lhylloscopus trochilus).

The southward movement began early in August, for during the first fortnight the local birds were leaving Mull (Argyll), and an observer in Cumberland reported the arrival of small flocks of Willow- Warblers on the 3rd; between the 7th and 21st a decrease in their numbers was noted in Northumberland, Warwickshire and Staffordshire, while a passing increase was observed in Shropshire. During this period numbers arrived and passed on through Kent and Sussex, a further passing movement being noted in the former county between the 25th and the 28th. On the 20th one was taken at the Bass Rock Light (Haddington), and others occurred there on the following day.

During the first half of September Willow-Warblers were passing through Somerset and Devonshire in some numbers. On the nights of the 14th/15th, 15th/16th, 16th/17th and 17th/18th great numbers of migrants were noted at the lights at Bardsey (Carnarvon), Flatholm (Glamorgan), Anvil Point (Dorset) and St. Catherine’s (Isle of Wight).

In Yorkshire (both on the south coast as well as in the south-west of the county) marked waves uf migration took place between the 18th and 26th, during which period birds were also noted as passing through Surrey. A decrease in Sussex was observed on the 26th, on which date a good many were reported from the Isle of May, but these passed on two days later.

Stragglers were recorded in the counties of Warwickshire, Somerset and Dorset during the first half of October, and one was observed on the Isle of May as late as the 18th.

Among a large arrival of Willow-Warblers on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 24th of September there occurred one specimen at least of the northern form, P. trochilus eversmannt.

THE YELLOW-BROWED WARBLER (Phylloscopus superciliosus).

At least ten different individuals were noted on the Isle of May (Fife) ; single birds were seen on September 16th, 24th, 25th and 80th and on October the 24th, while two were seen on September 26th and ©8th and three on October the 27th. Single birds were also recorded from the east Ross-shire coast on September 25rd and 27th, four from Fair Isle between the 28th of October and the 4th of November, and one was shot on the north coast of Lincolnshire on October the 12th.

THE WOOD-WARBLER (Phylloscopus sibilatri).

Aug. Ist. W. Radnorshire, about a dozen seen. 6th. W. Kent, a family party passing. ‘ 24th. W. Kent, one passing. es 25th. W. Kent, one still in breeding-haunt.

Sept. 5th. S. Devonshire, one passing.

205

THE REED-WARBLER (Acrocephalus streperus).

Sept. Ath. Mid-Cheshire, several, last seen. % 15th. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived. 14th. S. Staffordshire, three or four, last seen. » 20th/2Ist. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one.

. 23rd. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived. + 30th. S. Yorkshire coast, one passing. Oct. 6th. Outer Dowsing Lt.-y. (Lincolnshire), four on board at 8 A.M. 3 27th. S. Yorkshire coast, one passing.

THE AQUATIC WARBLER (Acrocephalus aquaticus).

Sept. 17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a young male taken between 10.30 p.m. and 4 a.m.

THE SEDGE-WARBLER (Aerocephalus phragmitis).

The returns from our inland observers concerning this species were so meagre that they give no definite information. The first movement was indicated by the occurrence of a single bird at the Isle of May Light (Fife) on the 15th of August and a few birds at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 18th/19th, while a week later the returns from the south coast lights clearly showed that emigration had begun. The records came from the S. Foreland Light (Kent) on the 25th/26th and from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on that and the two following nights, the numbers observed being, however, in each case quite small. During September emigration was almost continuous between the 9th and 27th, being noted at one or more of the lights along the south coast from the S. Foreland in Kent to the Eddystone off Cornwall on the 9th/10th, nightly from the 12th to the 18th and from the 20th to the 24th, as well as on the 26th/27th. Up to the 15th the numbers were quite small, and it is clear that the largest number of Sedge-Warblers left our shores between the 15th and 18th of September.

From the west coast a few records were received from the light- stations between Carnarvonshire and N. Devon; the numbers in every instance were, however, small and the movements represented were probably of a coasting nature. Although returns were not received from more than one station on a single night, it is perhaps of some significance that the birds invariably arrived early in the night at the more northern stations and considerably later at the more southern ones. In the majority of cases these movements did mot coincide with any recorded movement from the south coast. The returns from the east coast were very scanty, a few Sedge-Warblers being noted at Withernsea Light (Yorks) on September the 14th/l5th and single birds on passage on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 20th, 24th and 25th.

9

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THE GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER (Locustella nevia).

Ist.

92nd.

Sept. 16th/17th.

7

Nov.

Oct.

”

”

”

Oct.

17th/18th.

S.E. Dorset, about six seen; Northumberland, last heard.

S.E. Dorset, all gone.

St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few between midnight and 4.30 a.m.

Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), a great many between mid- night and 4 a.m.

THE LANCEOLATED WARBLER (Zocnstella lanceolata).

18th.

N. Lincolnshire coast, one obtained.

THE HEDGE-SPARROW (Accentor modularis). Sept. 27th.

Ist. Sth.

Isle of May (Fife), two arrived. S. Yorkshire coast, a very few arrived. S. Yorkshire ceast, a few more arrived.

THE GOLDEN-CRESTED WREN (Regulus cristatus). Sept. 24th.

25th/26th. 28th. 18th. 19th, 22nd. 25th.

97th. 30th. Ist.

ond, ord/4th. 4th/5th.

Sth to 22nd. 15th/16th. 30th.

Isle of May (Fife), one arrived.

Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one.

Fair Isle (Shetland), numbers.

Isle of May, one arrived.

S. Yorkshire coast, first arrival noted, one or two only.

S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived.

S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived; N.W. Lancashire. a few fresh arrivals, which passed on the same day, taking the local birds with them.

S. Yorkshire coast, two arrived.

N.W. Lancashire, fresh arrivals, which remained.

S. Yorkshire coast, large numbers arrived; Kentish Knock Lt.-y. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), several seen on board.

S. Yorkshire coast, many seen.

Spurn Lt. (Yorkshire), one at 9 p.m.

Spurn Lt., one; Bishop Rock Lt. (Isles of Scilly), one or two at 5 A.M.

S.E. Dorset, a considerable increase.

Kddystone Lt. (Cornwall), one at 2 a.m.

Loch Awe (Argyll), numbers.

N.B.—Birds obtained on the S. Yorkshire coast belonged to the

Continental race,

217

THE FIRE-CRESTED WREN (Regulus tgnicapillis).

Oct. 17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a male taken at midnight.

THE WREN (Troglodytes parvulus).

Sept. 21st. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived. 22nd. N. Norfolk coast, one arrived. 25th. S. Yorkshire coast, three arrived. 29th. Isle of May (Fife), two passing.

3 30th. S. Yorkshire coast, further arrival.

2) gp ANNO ee S. Yorkshire coast, from one to three seen daily.

Oct. 18th. Oct. | 19th. S. Yorkshire coast, great increase. * 20th. S. Yorkshire coast, decrease. » 25th. S. Yorkshire coast, increase. 26th. S. Yorkshire coast, decrease.

THE PIED WAGTAIL (Motacilla lugubris).

The migration of this species appears to have commenced with the arrival of immense flocks on the night of the 19th of July, at Hayling Island (Hampshire), where they remained for a day and departed during the night, only a few stragglers being left. Similar arrivals and departures were noted in the same locality from the 11th of August until the end of the month, the flocks arriving daily from the N.W. (more rarely from the N.E.) and after remaining a day or two departing to the S.W.

In N.E. Norfolk numbers arrived on the evening of the 28th of July and came iu nightly to roost at the same time and place until the 21st of August, after which date they departed.

On the Lancashire coast there was also a well-marked movement during August, a gradual increase being noted between the 17th and 27th, while on the 28th many small parties were seen, which were ereatly augmented on the following day. Nearly the whole of these left on the 30th and 3lst. On the 22nd a flock of a hundred or more was reported flying south at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) at 8.30 a.m. At the end of the month large influxes were noted at York and in E. Sussex. During September a considerable migration passed throuch the Isle of Man, on the Ist a flock of 40 was seen flying W., large numbers arrived on the 5th and stayed until the 11th, while a few occurred at Chicken Rock Light on the 10th/I1th; others arrived on the 20th, followed by larger numbers on the 25th and these departed on the following day. On the 26th a large flock, that had been resident in S. Denbigh since August 15th, left, and an increase was noted on the Lancashire

Pp

218

coast, where the birds remained for one day only. On the 9th several were seen at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and on the 14th/t5th at Hartland Point Light (N. Devon).

On the east coast there was very little evidence of migration during September, a few odd birds were seen on the S. coast of Yorkshire during the latter half of the month, but there was no indication that they were really migrating. From the neighbourhood of the south coast there was evidence of considerable emigration throughout the month: on the Ist large numbers arrived in S.W. Hampshire and an emigratory movement was noticed that night at the Eddystone Light; from the 2nd to the 24th large flocks were seen on the coast of W. Dorset, fresh arrivals being noted on the 10th and 20th, while large flocks arrived in E. Surrey on the 11th and in N.E. Sussex on the 21st, and smaller ones in Somerset on the 22nd and 26th. Further emigrations were noted at the Eddystone on every night from the 17th to the 26th and on the 29th/50th.

During October very little migration was noticed: the southward passage of very small numbers was noticed on eleven days between the 6th and 27th from the 8. coast of Yorkshire, a large flock that had been resident in Leicestershire for some time left on the 4th, while a con- siderable increase took place on the Ist on the Lancashire coast, where the birds remained until the 6th, leaving behind them *he usual winter population, which afterwards remained constant.

THE WHITE WAGTAIL (Motacilla alba).

Aug. Ist. Isle of Man, south coast, a small party seen. , 10th & 21th. Isle of Man, south coast, several scattered parties, abundant. ° 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), many flocks passing at 5 P.M. 19th. Isle of Man, south coast, few. 3 20th. Hampshire coast, one seen, Be 21st. E. Fife, passing. y g2nd. _—Isle of Man, south coast, large increase. oF 25rd. Isle of Man, south coast, decrease. 53 27th. Isle of Man, south coast, slight increase, which remained until the 22th. 53 29th. Lerwick (Shetland), passing. Sept. 3rd. Tiree (Argyll), passing.

5th. Flannans (Outer Hebrides), passing. 14th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived. 55 25th. Isle of May, several arrived. ,, 26th & 27th. Isle of May, two seen each day. Oct. 24th. Surrey, one seen,

+P)

)

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THE GREY WAGTAIL (Motacilla melanope).

Grey Wagtails arrived at their winter-quarters in the eastern and southern counties in mid-September : first arrivals were reported from Surrey on the 11th, from E. Kent and Sussex on the 16th, and from Bedfordshire and W. Kent on the 18th, after which date they were numerous in their winter-quarters in Kent, although migrants were apparently still passing through up till the 10th of October. Winter- residents were reported as having arrived in Leicestershire at the end of September, but were not reported from the Isle of Man until the 17th of October, nor from Somerset until the 26th.

A single bird arrived on the Isle of May on the 21st of September and one was seen on southward passage on the 8. Yorkshire coast as late as the 19th of October.

YELLOW WAGTAIL (Motacilla rai).

The first indication of the autumn-migration was a straggling south- ward movement along the Lancashire coast, which commenced on the 11th of August. During the next twelve days single birds were noticed passing in W. Kent, and after the middle of the month a gradual and considerable increase was noted in EH. Kent. A movement to the east was noticed in the New Forest district of Hampshire on the 19th, and records were received of the assemblage of considerable flocks in Stafford- shire, Shropshire, Somerset and S. Devon between the 24th and 30th ; the Shropshire birds appear tu have departed on the 3lst, while a considerable number seem to have left Somerset on the same day, though no diminution was noticed in 8. Staffordshire until the 17th of September. Similar flocking was observed in Cheshire on the 4th of September and in mid-Staffordshire on the 5th, on which date the Cheshire birds departed. Passing birds were noted in Shropshire on various dates up to the 15th, in Somerset daily up to the 14th; a single bird was taken at the S. Bishop Light (Pembroke) on the 15th/16th, and a considerable number passed through S. Staffurdshire on the 20th, followed by a few more on the 28th and 29th.

On the east coast large numbers were seen passing in 8.E. Suffolk on the 24th, and a single one as late as the 20th on the S. coast of York- shire. In Bedfordshire they were still numerous on the 19th.

On the south coast the flocks which assembled in S. Devon aé the end of August appear to have left on the 3rd of September, considerable flocks were seen on the Dorset coast from the 2nd to the 15th, and the species was plentiful in E. Kent up to the 8th. Emigration evidently took place from the whole of the south coast at intervals throughout the month, the greatest numbers undoubtedly leaving between the 13th and 18th, after which date only stragglers remained and nearly all these left the country from the coast of Kent.

RZ

220

THE BLUE-HEADED WAGTAIL (Motacilla flava). Sept. 12th. S.E. Essex, a family party seen.

THE TREE-PIPIT (Anthus trivialis).

Tree-Pipits began to move south early in August; between the 3rd and the 8th all the local birds left W. Warwickshire, the last was seen in N. Staffordshire on the 13th and nearly all had left the south of the county before the end of the month. Migrants were seen passing through S8.E. Kent from the 12th to the 26th and several occurred at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 25th/26th. It seems probable that the greatest number left the south coast on the nights of the 15th and 16th of September, when moderate numbers were recorded at Catherine’s Light ; a single bird was taken at that light on the night of the 14th. Birds passing singly were noted in W. Kent on the 4th, 9th, 11th, 16th and 19th, in S. Staffordshire on the 14th and 15th, small flocks in Hertfordshire and Somerset on the 16th and 26th, and numbers at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 28th.

On the east coast several Tree-Pipits arrived on the N. coast of Norfolk on the 23rd of September, and on the 24th others arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) and remained there until the 27th. ‘Two passed the Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk) on the 1st of October; a single bird was seen on the 13th on the Isle of May, where several more arrived on the 17th.

THE MEADOW-PIPIT (Anthus pratensis).

The movements of this species, with the exception of those on the east coast, were but scantily reported. Definite movements were noticed in Mull (Argyll) on the 5th of September and in the Isle of Man on the 5th, 11th and 22nd; at the latter place the birds appear to have been travelling mainly to the S.W. Large movements were recorded at the Butt of Lewis and the Flannans (Outer Hebrides) on the 19th and 20th, while flocks were seen in Oxfordshire on the 18th and in Shropshire on October the Ist. On the 26th another movement was noticed at the Butt of Lewis and on the 31st in the Isle of Man; on October the 16th and 18th large numbers were recorded from Fair Isle and the Butt of Lewis; a single bird occurred at the 8S. Bishop Light (Pembroke) on November the 4th/5th. On the following night many were seen at Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly), while in the middle of the month an increase was noted in Somersetshire.

The very complete returns from the south coast of Yorkshire show that Meadow-Pipits were arriving there from the north and passing south almost daily between the 11th of September and the 25rd of October,

221

the largest numbers being observed on October the 6th, 7th and 8th, on which days many flocks passed south. After the 19th stragglers only were seen. An increase was also noted in E. Kent on the 14th of September, a good many arrived on the N. coast of Norfolk on the 23rd, and small numbers occurred at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk) and the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincoln) on the 8th/9th and 10th/11th of October respectively, while a few were observed flying N.W. at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel on the 12th.

Emigration of small numbers was noted at Anvil Point Light (Dorset) on the 16th/17th of September, at the S. Foreland Light (Kent) on the 23rd/24th and at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 26th/27th.

THE ROCK-PIPIT (Anthus obscurus).

Sept. 21st. S. Yorkshire coast, nine passing south. yA 28th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived. ee S. Yorkshire coast, five or six seen dail Oct. 6th. y y: Qct. 6th. S. Yorkshire coast, three or four passing south. i 12th. N. Lincolnshire coast, a few coming in from over the sea.

THE GOLDEN ORIOLE (Orielus galbula). Aug. 19th. Cley, Norfolk, young male shot.

THE GREAT GREY SHRIKE (Lanius excubiter),

Sept. 27th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived. Oct. 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one.

THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE (Lanius celluiio).

July 24th. EK. Radnor, last seen. Aug. Qnd. W. Kent, last local bird seen. 6th, Shropshire, last seen. 16th. W. Kent, last locally bred young bird seen. ,», 17th & 19th. Hants coast, a few flying south each day. a 22nd. — Middlesex, one passing. Sept. 8th. Hants coast, last seen. 33 14th. Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), one. , 15th/16th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), single birds between 10 p.m. and 5 A.M. ,, L6th&17th. Kent, single birds passing. ,, 18th &22nd. 8. Yorkshire coast, single birds passing.

222

THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa grisola).

In some localities Spotted Flycatchers began to move south at the beginning of August and by the end of that month the movement had become general. During the first week the local residents in Cardigan had all departed; those of N. Staffordshire were last seen on the 15th and 16th, and likewise those of Radnor and Hertfordshire on the 25th and 28th. One was taken at the Isle of May Light (Fite) on the 14th, while a proportion of the birds in W. Kent left during the last week of the month and a decrease was noted in EH. Sussex on the 31st. Single birds were observed passing along the Norfolk coast on the 16th. This crowding down towards the south was reflected in the records of increases in Berkshire on the 19th and in 8. Devon from the 17th to the 29th. Moreover, small parties were noted passing to the south-east on Hayling Island (Ilants) on the 28th and again on the 31st, while the fact of single birds occurring at St. Catherine’s Light on the 27th/28th indicated that emigration from our shores had actually begun. The birds in 8. Devonshire left cn the following night.

During September the southward movement and emigration continued actively up to about the 19th and then in a rapidly waning stream until the 26th. It would appear from the light-station returns that after the first few days of the montb emigration from the south coast took place almost entirely to the west of the Isle of Wight, and this singular fact is absolutely corroborated by the records of our inland observers; the last of the local residents left the south-eastern counties during the first five days of the month, and birds were passing through Hayling Island, on the Hampshire and Sussex border, in large numbers from the Ist to the 3rd, though none were seen after. There were no records of any arrivals on the east coast (the species was not mentioned amongst the humerous migrants arriving on the Norfolk coast during that month) and the southward coasting movement was of a very straggling character, the numbers concerned in it being very small. Thus, single birds were seen on the Isle of May on the 18th and 26th, on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 16th, 17th and 25th and on the 2nd and 6th of October; small numbers of migrants were seen passing in Suffolk cn the 13th, 20th and 21st, in Bedfordshire on the 20th, in Berkshire on the 13th, in W. Kent on the 8th, 16th and 19th, and in Sussex on the 7th and 9th. In the extreme east of Kent the records, as might have been expected, were more continuous and small numbers were noted passing daily up to the 2st.

In the north and west the last birds were noted in Northumberland on the 5th, in Cumberland on the 15th, the west of Yorkshire and Shrop- shire on the 17th, in 8. Staffordshire on the 19th, while between those dates there was evidence of the passage of considerable numbers of birds

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through the western counties, more particularly between the 10th and the 14th. Further south, similar records were received from Wiltshire and 8. Devonshire, large numbers apparently passing through on the 6th and between the 9th and the 11th, and smaller numbers up to the 16th. According to the light returns from Dorset and the Isle of Wight, it would seem that the largest flocks of emigrants occurred on the nights of the 16th and 17th, while smaller numbers were leaving on those of the 12th, 16th, 20th and 21st.

A few birds occurred also at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the night of the 23rd, while the last birds on the south coast were seen in Devonshire, Sussex and EK. Kent on the 26th.

THE PIED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa atricapilia),

Resident birds were still present at their breeding-haunts in west Radnorshire on August the Ist.

The arrival of migrants on the east coast commenced with single birds seen at Fair Isle Light (Shetland), in 8.E. Suffolk and in E. Kent on September the 10th. The following day two arrived on the south coast of Yorkshire and numbers on the north coast of Norfolk. There was a further and considerable arrival on the Yorkshire coast on the 12th, when the Norfolk birds had already passed on; the greater part of the Yorkshire birds disappeared on the following day, when four or five were seen in Tharet (EK. Kent). On the 14th the first arrival (a single bird) was noted in the Isle of May (Fife), on the 16th small numbers arrived on the N.E. coast of Lincolnshire and in N. Norfolk, these being succeeded by others on the following day at the Isle of May and on the S. Yorkshire ccast. The whole of these passed on and, with the exception of a single bird on the Isle of May on the 18th, no fresh im- migrants were seen until the 22nd. On that day a few more arrived in S. Yorkshire, and these were followed next day by larger numbers, when several more arrived in N. Norfolk, At 4 a.m. on the 24th a single bird was taken at Winterton Light (Norfolk) aud one was seen on the Isle of May, where a few others arrived on the 25th; stragglers were noticed passing the Yorkshire coast up to the 27th.

Corresponding with the passage of migrants in H. Kent on the 18th of September, the first emigration from the south coast was noticed at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the night of the 12th/13th ; small. numbers were again noted at that light on the night of the 15th/16th, when three birds were taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey).

The only record from the west coast included a few birds seen at the Smalls Light (Pembroke) on the night of the 25th/26th of September.

THE RED-BREASTED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa parva).

Sept. 16th. N. Lincolnshire coast, a young male shot. » 25th. Isle of May (Fife), one killed.

THE SWALLOW (Mirundo rustica).

The emigratory movement of Swallows began in the middle of July. In Berkshire the departure of local birds was noted as commencing on the 14th, and great numbers were observed flying east in Somerset between the 18th and 25rd.

During the month of August they were reported as congregating in large numbers in various counties from Lancashire to Dorset. On the 27th and 29th many Swallows were observed flying south at the South Foreland Light.

Harly in September large flocks moving southwards were reported in Derbyshire ; a few were noted at the Nab and South Foreland Lights on the 2nd flying south and south-west, and in Staffordshire, Wiltshire and Suffolk large numbers were seen departing on the 6th and 7th. On the 10th a flock of about a hundred arrived from the south-east at the Isle of Man, where the resident birds were already congregating, and all departed on the following day. On the 18th of September numbers of Swallows appeared on the Isle of May (Fife), but disappeared on the following day, and on the 22nd others were again recorded on passage in the Isle of Man.

Reports from inland observers showed that emigration was very active throughout September. There was a marked decrease in the counties of Lancashire, Yorkshire, Denbigh, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Leicestershire, Warwickshire, Northamptonshire, Suffolk, Oxfordshire, Hertfordshire, Essex and Hampshire. Large numbers were noted passing over in Staftordshire and Hertfordshire on the 22nd in a southerly direction, and to the east in Somerset on the 30th. The following re- ports of Swallows were received from the lights during September :— Smalls Light (Pembroke), many passing on the 15th; Anvil Point Light (Dorset), large numbers on the 18th and 19th; South Goodwin Light- vessel (Kent), several on the 19th; Lundy Island Light, many on the island on the 20th; South Foreland Light (Kent), about 200 to the S.W. on the 2Ist; South Goodwin Light-vessel, several to the S.W. on the 21st and 24th; Varne Light-vessel (Kent), some to W.N.W. on the 26th ; South Foreland Light, many to the 8. on the 29th. Throughout the month of September, from the 9th onwards, numbers were noted almost daily passing the south coast of Yorkshire in a southerly direction.

The emigratory movement continued all through October, the last appearance of Swallows being reported from the following counties,

225

viz. :— Westmoreland and Essex on the 4th, Somerset on the 6th, Durham on the 12th, Cumberland on the 14th, Yorkshire on the 15th, Suttolk and Sussex on the 17th, Warwick on the 18th, Derbyshire between the 18th and 23rd, Staffordshire on the 19th, Northumberland on the 20th, Leicestershire and Hampshire on the 23rd, Lancashire and Surrey on the 24th, Northamptonshire on the 27th, and Devonshire on the 29th. On the night of the 30th of October a sharp frost killed great numbers of young Swallows in Dorset.

The records of Swallows at the lights in October were as follows :— South Foreland Light, one to two hundred flying $.S.W. on the Ist; Varne Light-vessel, a flock to the 8. on the 3rd; South Goodwin Light- vessel, several to 8. W. on the 3rd; North and South Goodwin Light- vessels, a few to the S.W. on the 4th; Cromer Light (Norfolk), moderate numbers to the S. W. on the 13th; Anvil Point Light, a flock left to the 8. at 7.30 A.M. on the 265th. On the south coast of Yorkshire numbers were noted flying in a southerly direction between the 16th and the 21st, and smaller numbers between the 22nd and the 26th.

The records for November noted stragglers in the counties of Fifeshire, Warwickshire, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Kent, Sussex and Hampshire, the latest being that of three young birds in Kent on the 21st.

THE HOUSE-MARTIN (Chelidon urbica).

There was very little evidence of emigratory movement among House- Martins in July. Large numbers were moving in an easterly direction through Somerset on the 18th, 21st and 25rd, and birds were reported to be congregating here and there. Early in August migration com- menced in earnest: large flocks were seen flying south in Northumberland on the 9th, 14th and 18th, numbers were travelling south-east in York- shire on the 22nd, and a sudden marked decrease in numbers took place in Warwickshire on the 23rd. In Dorset there was a large influx of birds on the 26th, and likewise in Warwickshire on the 28th, the latter disappearing on the Ist of September. At the South Foreland Light (Kent) hundreds were seen flying south from 4 to 10 a.m. on the 27th of August, and many travelling in the same direction at 6 a.M. on the 29th. This was the only record from the lights, but no doubt the numerous returns from the other lights under the heading “Swallows” inciuded House- and Sand-Martins as well.

The southerly movement continued all through the month of September. An observer in Warwickshire reported a total absence of Martins in his neizhbourhood between the Ist and 18th, but large numbers arrived on the 19th, and remained in varying numbers until the end of the month. A decrease in numbers was noted in Wiltshire on the 10th, in Devon- shire on the 13th, in Sussex and Staffordshire on the 14th, in Kent on

226

the 15th, in Leicestershire on the 18th, in Yorkshire on the 20th, and in Oxford on the 26th; while large numbers were seen going south in Shropshire on the 15th and in Suffolk on the 27th. Many reached the Isle of May in company with Swallows on the 18th, and left again on the following day.

Up to the third week in October migration continued on a smaller scale. On the 2nd large flocks were reported flying east in Somerset, but none were seen after that date. On the south coast of Yorkshire small numbers were observed flying south between the 6th and the 14th, large numbers between the 16th and 18th, and a few between the 19th and 25th. As in the case of the Swallow, hundreds of young House-Martins were kilied by a sharp frost on the night of the 80th in Dorset. Martins were last seen in Warwickshire on the 4th of October,in Cumberland on the 5th, in Westmoreland on the 6th, in Northumberland on the 13th, in Wiltsbire on the 14th, in Hampshire on the ]5th, in Leicestershire on the 22nd, in Yorkshire and Sussex on the 25th, and in Kent and Northumberland on the 27th.

The only records in November included three or four birds seen in Sussex on the 6th and 7th and one in Hampshire on the 8th.

THE SAND-MARTIN (Cottle riparia).

The only movements of this species noted during Aueust were the passage of large numbers through the Isle of Man on the 9th and a gathering in Dorset on the 29th. During the first few days of September the congregating movement became general in the Midlands, and the arrival of migratory flocks was reported from Cheshire on the 4th and 8th, Staffordshire on the 5th and Shropshire on the 10th and 11th, while in the south-west fresh arrivals were noted in Dorset on the 1st, in S. Devonshire on the 5th and in Wiltshire on the 9th. The local Cheshire birds, with those that joined them on the 4th, departed on the 5th, the local Shropshire birds left on the 9th, the migrants on the 17th and the Staffordshire birds on the 19th. A few passed through the Isle of Man on the 5th, and the last birds were seen in Northumberland on the same day. <A large emigration from the coast of Devon took place on the 12th in a south-easterly direction, and by the 19th the main part of the migration would appear to have been over, though stragglers were reported in small numbers from Cumberland and Wiltshire up to the middle of October. The paucity of records from the east side of the country seems to indicate that this species must have been almost absent on migration. Only a single bird was seen on the south coast of York- shire on the 21st of September, and the passage of quite inconsiderable numbers through Kent was noted on various dates up to the 17th of September, while a single belated flock was seen in 8.E. Suffolk on the 19th of October,

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THE GREENFINCH (Ligurinus chioris).

An emigratory movement of Greenfinches was noticed at the South Foreland Light (Kent) on the Ist of September, when small flocks were seen flying southward at noon, but with the exception of a single bird taken on the North Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) on the 26th of November, that was the only record received from the south coast. On the east coast, however, the movements of this species were most marked, especially at the mouth of the Humber, where the passage south lasted from the 241h of September to the 26th of October, the largest migration taking place in October between the 7th and 14th and the 16th and 19th, the greatest number of birds being observed on the 14th. On each day the passage lasted from 7 to ll a.m, At the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames) a few Greenfinches were noticed on the nights of the 12th/13th and 13th/14th, corresponding with the largest movement on the Yorkshire coast, while coincidentally with the second largest Yorkshire migration a first arrival reached the Isle of May (Fife) on the 18th, and was augmented on the 19th, on which day immense numbers reached the 8.E. coast of Suffolk. Stragglers were also noted at the Isle of May between the 20th and 24th. The only west coast records came from the South Bishop Light (Pembroke), a fair number of Greenfinches being seen on the rock on the 27th of October, anda few at the lantern both on that night and on the 30th/51st. A few again visited the rock on the 15th of December.

THE GOLDFINCH (Carduelis elegans).

Sept. 7th. Falmouth, Cornwall, last seen. » 30th, 8... Suffolk coast, many arriving. Oct. 12th & 18th. S.E. Suffolk coast, several passing. S 23rd. Exeter, Devon, one found dead under telegraph wires.

- 30th. S.E. Suffolk coast, flocks passing all day. Nov. 10th. S.E. Suffolk coast, several arrived. » 15th. 8.I. Suffolk coast, many arriving al! day.

THE SISKIN (Chrysomitris spinus).

Sept. 22nd. Isle of May (Fife), eight arrived.

ey zd ton |) aa i

Oct. 18th. ( Fair Isle (Shetland), remarkable numbers.

», 24th & 25th. Isle of May, many each day. Oct. 9th/10th. Winterton Lt. (Norfoik), one illed at 4 a.m. Noy. loth. W. Warwickshire, tive, first seen.

% 14th. W. Warwickshire, twelve seen.

53 25th. Loch Awe (Argyll), few.

THE TREE-SPARROW (Passer montanus).

The first migratory Tree-Sparrow was noticed on the south Yorkshire coast on the Ist of October, and from the 8th the species continued to arrive and pass southwards almost daily in varying numbers; these reached a maximum on the 11th, and after the 21st but few were noticed. No migration was noticed on the 10th, 15th, 20th, 23rd and 24th, and the observations ceased on the 27th.

During the same period several immigrations were occurring at other points on the east coast. On the 2nd ten were seen flying west at 9 A.M. at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk), on the 8th a few arrived on the Isle of May (Fife), and on the 9th small flocks were reported flying N.W. past the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk). On the 11th six alighted on the Outer Dowsing Lizht-vessel (Lincoln) at 10 A.M.; again ou the 12th many passed the Leman and Ower Light-vessel flying N.W., where a few also occurred on the night of the 14th/15th between 10.80 p.m. and 8,30 a.m. On the 25rd a few remained all day on board the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames).

THE CHAFFINCH (fringilla celebs).

The first records of immigrants came from the Isle of May (Fife) and Fair Isle (Shetland), where many were seen on the 25th and 28th of September. A few flying W.N.W. were reported at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel on the 2nd of October, and many on the 12th, both there and at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel off the Norfolk coast. Many again occurred on Fair Isle on the 18th, and on the 19th, 20th and 25th large numbers flying west were noted at the Shipwash Light-vessel (SuffSik) ; on the 21st many flying north were reported at the Longsand Light-vessel (Essex), and on the 26th several flocks going W.N. W. passed the Kentish Knock Light-yessel.

During November the immigratory movement was strongly maintained. At the Shipwash Light-vessel many were seen flying west on the Ist and 2nd, and large numbers to the W.N.W. on the 15th: at the Kentish Kknock Light-vessel large numbers were observed on the Ist and 2nd ; many large flocks flying W.N.W. continued to pass all day on the 4th, and a few small flocks travelling in the same direction on the 5th.

The above were the principal movements recorded, but Chaflinches were noted in smaller numbers or singly at various other lights on this coast—viz., at Spurn Head and Withernsea (Yorkshire), Outer Dowsing (Lincolnshire), Winterton (Norfoik) and North Goodwin (Kent)—during the months of October and November. On the south coast of Yorkshire flocks of these birds were observed passing south between the 11th and the 27th of October.

On the south coast large numbers going south were reported at the

229

Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) from the 18th to the 20th of October, and on the 27th there were about a hundred round the ship; on the 29th numbers were again seen flying south, and on the 50th of October and the 3rd of November a few more were seen. With the exception of one bird seen at the Eddystone on the 11th of November no other records of emigration were received from the south coast.

On the west coast several were noted flying N.W. at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) between the 25th and the 29th of September; on the 23rd and 27th of October huge flocks arrived in Mull (Argyll); on the 27th of October and the 15th of December several reached the South Bishop Light (Pembroke) ; from the 28th to the 3lst of October the Lundy Island (Devon) light-keeper reported large numbers on the island, and a few were seen at the Seven Stones Light-vessel (Isles of Scilly) on the 5th of November at 8 P.M.

Records from inland observers were few and of no importance.

THE BRAMBLING (Fringilla montifringilla).

The autumn migration of the Brambling was heralded by the arrival of single birds on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 17th and 24th of September, and many others both there and on Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 25th. Large numbers again arrived at the Isle of May on the 2nd of October, while a large migration, including many thousands of birds, occurred at both places on the 10th; the flocks arrived all day in succession, and many birds still remained on these islands on the 11th. A small flock also arrived at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 12th. On the south coast of Yorkshire the arrival of Bramblings began a few days later, the first stragglers being noted on the 29th of September. These were followed by a few on the 2nd and 6th of October, and the arrival of birds and their passage south was afterwards noted daily until the 13th, the greatest numbers passing between the 11th and the 18th. In most instances the flocks included Chaffinches, Linnets and Greenfinches as well as Bramblings. The migration on the south coast of Yorkshire was renewed on the 19th, on the 20th, 22nd, 25rd and 27th, when a few birds were noted passing south. On the 10th of October a single bird was seen on board the North Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) at 6.30 a.M., and on the 12th nine wers noted flying N.W. at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames).

Bramblings were first reported from Westmoreland on the 19th of October, and from Northamptonshire on the 25th, large flocks being also observed there between the 12th and 20th of December. On the 10th of November the first flocks were noticed in Denbigh and Mericneth, and on the 14th in the West Riding of Yorkshire, where they were afterwards seen daily. It is not improbable that a certain number of the records trom the lights under ‘‘ Chatfinch” apply to this species.

THE LINNET (Linota cannabina).

The first emigratory movement was noted at the South Foreland Light (Kent) on September the Ist, when small flocks were seen departing to the south at noon; these movements were repeated at 8.30 a.m. on the 22nd and 9 a.m. on the 24th, the numbers on both these occasions being considerable. From the 21st to the 24th large flocks were also seen in N.W. Somerset, but the emigration of this species on the west was not further recorded.

The migration on the south coast was, however, most marked, and continued from the 24th of September (or even earlier) till the 26th of October, the only day on which migration was not recorded being the 27th of September. The largest number of birds passed on the 24th, 25th and 29th of September, and between the 8th and 14th, 16th and 18th of October, after which fewer passed daily, and on the 27th none were seen. The direction of flight was in all cases due south. Corresponding arrivals of large numbers were recorded on the S.E. coast of Suffolk on the 27th, 28th and 30th of September and on the 17th and 18th of October. On the two last-named days large flocks appeared continuously, while on the 25th vast numbers arrived from dawn to 10 a.m. During the same period there were one or two records from the east coast lights; thus numbers were noted about Winterton Light (Norfolk) on the 18th of October, and many passed the Shipwash Light-vessel (Suffolk) flying westwards on the 19th and 20th.

The immigration on the east coast was, however, prolonged far into November, and at the Shipwash Light-vessel smaller numbers flying westward all day were recorded on the Ist and for the greater part of the Ath, 6th and 9th of November; several were also seen to arrive on the last-named day on the 8.E. coast of Suffolk, and numbers on the 15th, while a large flock appeared at 3 p.M. of the 25rd. Again, very many continued to arrive there all day on the €ta of December.

Movements which probably indicated departures from the west coast were noticed at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 12th, and daily from the 25th to the 29th of September; the numbers on each day were small and the direction of flight was recorded as N.W.

THE LESSER REDPOLL (Zinota rufescens).

Two or three birds were noted passing south on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 21st and 26th of September and the 6th and 8th of October, on the last two occasions in company with Linnets. Flocks of some size were reported from the New Forest district of Hampshire on the 27th of October, the 20th of November and the 8rd of December.

THE TWITE (Linota flavirostris).

Several Twites were noticed passing south on the south coast of York- shire on the 25th and 26th of October.

THE CROSSBILL $ (Loxia curvirostra).

Although not strictly within the bounds of our investigation, mention should be made of the irruption of Crossbills that took place throughout the country during the autumn of 1909. The movement, which was very well marked, was first noticed on the Faroes and Shetlands during the last week of June, when many birds, both old and young and of both sexes, made their appearance. These individuals or subsequent arrivals remained in these unaccustomed localities from two to five weeks, sub- sisting on various abnormal foods, such as unripe crowberries, grass-seeds, thistle-heads, daisy-centres and sea-pinks. Throughout Scotland, and still more noticeably throughout England, especially in the eastern and southern counties, with the exception of Devonshire and COorn- wall, these wandering birds appeared early in July and remained in some numbers till the end of the year. There can be little doubt that many simply passed through this country, while others, finding suitable food and environment, settled down and commenced to breed early in the following year. In some localities they were only seen ocensionally at more or less lengthy intervals, whereas in other places they seem to have settled down early in the autumn. As the period treated of in this Report only covers the first arrival, it would be out of place at present to discuss either the possible causes of this immigration or the results which have followed from it. We are, however, of opinion that if the true cause of these sporadic irruptions of certain species were known, we might have a clue to the beginnings of the migratory instinct.

This particular irruption seems to have covered a large portion of Europe, and the fact that several Two-barred Crossbills (Lowia bifasciata) accompanied their commoner allies seems to indicate that it had its origin in N.E. Russia and Siberia. This points to the general direction of flight having been a westerly or south-westerly one, which is still further borne out by many individuals having reached the Flannan Isles and Western Hebrides, while still unrecorded from the north of Scotland. Birds were also observed crossing the North Sea and many were taken at the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel, some miles from the Lincolnshire coast, which again points to a marked westerly trend.

Herr Ritter von Tschusi zu Schmidhoffen, a weli-known Austrian ornithologist, is working the matter out thoroughly, and we shall look forward with interest to his conclusions. As far as this country is concerned, all notes and observations on this species have been collected and published from time to time in Witherby’s ‘ British Birds,’ to which periodical we would refer those in search of the full details.

2a2

THE CORN-BUNTING (Eimberiza miliaria).

Sept. 4th. S.E. Suffolk coast, many recently arrived. Decry welisthe H. Fife, a flock seen; Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), a flock seen.

THE ORTOLAN-BUNTING (Emberiza hortulana).

One or two Ortolans were seen or shot on the north coast of Norfolk on each day (except the 14th) from the 11th to the 16th of September, as well as on the 25rd. Others were recorded, without dates, from Fair Isle (Shetland).

THE LITTLE BUNTING (£mberiza pusilla).

Single birds were recorded from the Isle of May (Fife) on the 25th and 26th of September, and one (without date) from Fair Isle (Shetland).

THE REED-BUNTING (Limberiza scheniclus).

Sept. 25th. Isle of May (Fife), one passing.

2ith. S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived. Oct. 4th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few passing south. ,, 12th to 14th, | & 16th to 19th. | Oct. 22nd, 28rd | & 25th. {

99

S. Yorkshire coast, several passing south each day.

S. Yorkshire coast, a few passing south each day.

THE LAPLAND BUNTING (Calcarius lapponicus).

Sept. ord. Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), one caught.

Oct. 15th. Yarmouth, Norfolk, one caught and two others seen. One (without date) was recorded from Fair IJsle (Shetland).

THE SNOW-BUNTING (Plectrophenax nivalis). Sept. 6th. Sule Skerry (Orkney), several.

ys 8th. Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), two. » 2lstto 26th. Thanet (EK. Kent), two daily. - 27th. K. Ross-shire, first seen. ,, 27th to 80th. Thanet, none. % 29th. Lincolnshire coast, three seen; Fair Isle (Shetland), many. Oct. 3rd & 5th. Thanet, two passing each day. ee 6th. Thanet, a small flock passing.

,, 12th to 15th. Thanet, two seen. - 16th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived.

Deh Oct. 20th/21st. Withernsea Lt. (Yorkshire), several at midnight.

"9 23rd. Tiree (Argyll), flocks.

3 25th. Aberdeen, flocks.

os 26th. S. Yorkshire coast, one arrived.

» 26th/27th. Withernsea Lt., several at midnight.

ss 28th. Whitby Lt. (Yorkshire), three arrived at 3.30 P.M.

- 31st. Flannan Isles, about 100 arrived. Noy. Ist. Fair Isle, large flock.

5 2nd. Flannan Isles and Fair Isle, many more arrived.

» 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one or two at midnight.

,, 13th, 16th |

to 19th. | Dec. 15th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), a few seen on the rock.

Thanet, one or two passing each day.

THE STARLING (Sturnus vulgaris).

Single birds were killed at Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) and at Winterton Light (Norfolk) on the 17th/18th and 22nd/23rd of August respectively. On the llth of September large flocks were noted at Cromer going S.E., and large numbers were recorded at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex), while on the following night one was killed at Spurn Head Light. On the 16th/17th, 17th/18th and 20th/2Ist a few were recorded from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight), probably emigrants, while large flocks on passage were noted on the Isle of May on the 26th of September. From about the Ist of October a large migratory movement in a southerly direction was noted on the S. coast of Yorkshire ; this movement, which was at its height from the 1lth to the 13th, continued until the end of the first week in November, and on several nights birds were taken at Withernsea and Spurn Head Lights (Yorkshire). This southerly movement was noted by day at Cromer Light (Norfolk) on the 9th, and at Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) on the 18th, 15th, 20th, 29th and 31st. Records of numbers which must have belonged to a southerly migration were also received from Fair Isle Light (Shetland) on the 10th/11th of October, from the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) and Isle of May (Fife) Lights on the 16th/17th, from the Butt of Lewis Light (Outer Hebrides), Isle of May Light, Tarbatness Light (Moray Firth), Lerwick (Shetland) and Fair Isle on the 17th/loth, and from Fair Isle and Flannan Isles Light (Outer Hebrides) on the 18th/19th. Numbers were also noted on passage on Coquet Island (Northumberland) from the 29th of September to the 10th of October.

The immigration on the east coast commenced during the last four days of September (the earliest record being from the Norfolk and Kent coasts on the 26th and the Suffolk coast on the 27th), and continued

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throughout October, increasing in magnitude as the month advanced. There was no evidence on the 8. coast of Yorkshire of any immigration from any easterly point and the most northerly station from which we had any definite record of this migration was the Outer Dewsing Light- vessel (Lincolnshire). This influx of Starlings was noted at most of the light-stations between the Wash and the Straits of Dover, the direction of flight being in most cases between W.N.W. and W.S.W., and migration was noted at one or more of these stations nearly every day and on most nights. On the 26th/27th of October, the conditions being favourable, a particularly large flight was noticed at the Kentish Knock Light- vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), at the N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent), St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) and Hanois Light (Guernsey), while some birds were also noted at Spurn Head Light and South Bishop Light (Pembroke). It is not clear to what migration the records from the last two lights referred, but it seems likely that those from the other lights indicated an east to west movement, During the last few days of October numbers were observed arriving on the south-east coast of Suffolk.

It is not easy to say to which movement birds seen at St. Catherine's Light on the 19th/20th, 24th/25th and 245th/26th of October belonged, but on the 20th, 21st, 28th and 29th birds were noticed all day passing the Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly), flying eastwards towards the islands, and from the 28th to the 31st large numbers passing to the north were recorded on Lundy Island (N. Devon).

During November the east to west migration continued, but the number of records greatly diminished after the first half of the month, the migrations and the directions of flight being much the same as in October. On several nights heavy flights were observed at various stations, especially on the nights between the 2nd/5rd and the 8th/9th. The stations at which these flights were noted were, in order of frequency, the Eddystone Light (Cornwall); 8S. Bishop Light (Pem- broke), Lundy North Light, Spurn Head Light and St. Catherine's Light 3; Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), Bishop Rock Light, Hanois Licht, Winterton Light (Norfolk) and Kentish Knock Light-vessel 2; and Bull Point Light (N. Devon) 1. At the latter light flocks were noted going west on the 5th, and at Lundy Isle going north on the 14th and north-west on the 16th and 17th.

It may be worth noting that up to November there were very few observations from the west and south-west coasts, but that during that month there were records from one or more stations almost every nicht up to the 19th/20th, as well as from the stations on the south-east coast. On the 14th and 15th of November numbers were passing south near Aberdeen during a snow-storm. During the last week of November and the first ten days of December there were practically no records of any moyements, but on the 11th/12th a good many birds were

a8)

reported from the N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) and St. Catherine’s Light, and on the following night from Bardsey Light, while on the 14th a flock going S.E. was seen at the Varne Light-vessel (Kent), and a few were noted at Spurn Head Light on the 14th/15th and at St. Catherine’s Light on the 16th/17th.

THE JACKDAW (Corvus monedula).

Sept. 28rd & 24th. Thanet (E. Kent), numbers, in small flocks, flying from

Oct.

”

Noy.

19th. dlst.

Ath.

5th.

25th.

3Cth.

4th.

6th.

N.E. to 8. W.

Staffordshire, large numbers seen.

N.E. Suffolk, 300 flying hich to the W.N.W. at 12.30 p.m. N. Goodwin Lt.-v. (Kent), two on board at 7 A.M.

Thanet, a flock of 100 flying from E. to W. came in from the sea at 4.30 P.M.

N.E. Norfolk, large numbers arriving in a continuous stream from over the sea between 6.50 and 8.15 A.M.

“CROWS” AND “ ROOKS ” (Corvus sp.).

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. (Lincolnshire), large numbers of “ Rooks” flying W. at noon.

Shipwash Lt.-v. (Suffolk), large numbers of “ Rooks” flying N.W. from 9 a.m. to 5.45 P.M.

Shipwash Lt.-v., many “ Rooks” flyirg N.W. from 10 a.m. to 3.40 P.M.

Longsand Lt.-v. (Essex), a few “ Crows” flying N. in the morning; Shipwash Lt.-v., a few “ Rooks” flying N.W. from 10 a.m. to noon.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles H. by N. from the

_ mouth of the Thames), 40 “Crows” flying N.W. at

10 a.m.; Shipwash Lt.-v., a few “Rooks” flying N.W. from 10.15 a.m. to 3.15 P.M.

Shipwash Lt.-v., a large number of “ Rooks” flying N.W. from 9.15 4.M. to 2.50 P.M.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v., many “ Rooks” flying W.N.W. from 11 a.m. to 3.50 p.m.; 8. Bishop Lt. (Pem- broke), five ‘‘ Crows” flying E. at 10 a.m.

Kentish Knock Lt.-y., many small flocks of “ Crows” flying N.W. all day; Shipwash Lt.-v., many “ Rooks” flying N.W. from 9.40 a.m. to 1.10 p.m.

Shipwash Lt.-v., many “Rooks” flying N.W. from 10.10 a.m. to 4 P.M,

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Nov. 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one or two “Crows” at midnight.

i 7th. N. Goodwin Lt.-v. (Kent), a flock of ‘‘ Rooks” flying W.N.W. at noon.

43 9th. N. Goodwin Lt.-v., thirty “‘ Crows” flying W.N.W. at 10 a.m.; Kentish Knock Lt.-v., twenty “ Crows” flying W.N.W. at 11 a.m.; Shipwash Lt.-v., a few “ Rooks” flying N.W. from 9.30 a.m. to 1.]0 P.M.

3 16th. N. Goodwin Lt.-v., twenty “ Crows” flying W. by N.

at noon. 5 22nd. N. Goodwin Lt.-v., one “Crow” flying W. at 11.15 A.M.

N.B.—Since the Lightkeepers’ identifications in the above records are doubtful they cannot be assigned to any definite species; it is probable, however, that many of them apply to both Hooded and Carrion-Crows as well as to Rooks. A comparison of the dates and localities with the corresponding records under these species may, however, suggest which is the more likely in each case.

THE CARRION-CROW (Corvus corone). Sept. 26th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived.

THE HOODED CROW (Corvus cornix).

The earliest records of this species came from mid-Sutfolk on the 19th of September: the first arrival was noted on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 26th and was followed by a few more on the following day. On the 30th twelve were seen to arrive at that station and to pass inland, and the first arrivals were reported from two localities in Norfolk. On the 6th of October six were seen flying west on the south coast of Yorkshire, on the 7th, 8th and 9th several arrived on the S.E. coast of Suffolk, on the 8th, 9th and 10th others were observed passing inland over Thanet (E. Kent), while on the 12th a small arrival took place on the N.E. coast of Lincolnshire. On the 18th, 21st and 24th single birds were seen passing south from the S. coast of Yorkshire, and these were followed by a small flock on the 27th, on which date large numbers were arriving in S.E. Suffolk; smaller numbers arrived in N.W. Suffolk on the 30th.

On the 5th of November Hooded Crows were observed arriving in a continuous stream from over the sea on the N.E. coast of Norfolk from 6.50 to 8.15 a.m.; on the 12th they were first recorded from the West Riding of Yorkshire, where they were seen daily after the 20th. The first record from the Hampshire coast was on the 25th of November.

THE ROOK (Corvus frugilegus).

The first immigration of Rooks was observed on the S.E. coast of Suffolk on the 11th of September, when many arrived ; on the following day vast numbers flying at a great elevation passed steadily inland. On the 25th the first few migrants were seen on the south coast of Yorkshire. During October from four to eight were seen passing south at the last- named station on the 2nd, 6th, 18th and 19th, while on the 13th and 18th small lots coming from the south-east arrived there from over the sea. On the 19th, 20th, 30th and 31st strong immigrations were noticed on the N.E. coast of Suffolk, the greatest numbers arriving on the 30th, when they passed westward all day in thousands. On the 3lst the immigration was limited to a flock of 300 which appeared at a high altitude at 12.30 p.m. and continued their course to the N.W. On those two days the immigration was also noticed on the 8.E. coast of Suffolk, where the birds were arriving throughout both days, though the larger numbers came on the 80th. Further arrivals of large numbers took place in that locality on the 9th and 21st of November, while on the N.W. coast of Norfolk Rooks arrived from over the sea in a continuous stream on the 5th of November from 6.50 to 8.15 a.m.

An increase was noted in Staffordshire on the 20th of October.

THE SKY-LARK (Alauda arvensis).

The first migration recorded was of a few birds at Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) on the 22nd/23rd of August. On several days and nights between the 8th and 14th of September a few recorded at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) were probably emigrants. A large flock was noted at Cromer Light (Norfolk) passing S.E. on the llth; several were noted on the 12th at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and were said to be going north.

The first indication of immigrants from the east was noted at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), where moderate numbers were seen on the 17th/18th of September, and on the following night some recorded from Hanois Light (Guernsey) were possibly part of the same stream, -A few were recorded on the 22nd/28rd and 23rd/24th at Winterton Light (Norfolk) and on the 25th/26th and 26th/27th at Skerries Light (Anglesey) and Bardsey Light respectively. On the 26th some were noted going west at the Varne Light-vessel (Kent) and on the 380th going 8.S.W. at the N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent), On the 17th and 22nd and from the 25th to the 29th some were recorded at the Isle of May (Fife). From the 24th until the end of the month migratory parties were noted passing to the south on the south coast of Yorkshire, and on the 26th/27th a few were killed at Spurn Head Light. On the 27th/28th many were recorded at the Butt of Lewis Light (Outer Hebrides).

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During the first week of October there was no further indication of arrivals from the east, though there was an increasing amount of move- ment down the east coast. Up to the 10th some were noticed every day passing south at the Isle of May, and birds were killed at that light on the 8th/9th; similarly, on the south coast of Yorkshire flocks were recorded coasting to the south every day, birds were taken at Spurn Head Light on the 8th/9th, and on Coquet Island (Northumberland) numbers were noted each day. On the 1U0th/11th there was a big arrival at Fair Isle Light (Shetland), and from that day onwards to the end of the month increased numbers flying south were noted daily at the Isle of May and on the south coast of Yorkshire ; some birds were also taken at Fair Isle and Spurn Head Lights on several nights. At both these places of observation this coasting movement seemed to reach its maximum between the 16th and 19th, and on the 17th large numbers were also recorded at Fair Isle, Lerwick (Shetland), Tarbatness (Moray Forth) and the Butt of Lewis, while flocks were noted going south at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) on the 18th, 19th and 29th. On the Ist of October a coasting movement was observed at Cley (Norfolk) and on the 10th at Overstrand and Yarmouth (Norfolk), and it was noted that the movement on each day continued up to 5 P.M., but on the south coast of Yorkshire these movements which started soon after sunrise practically ceased at 11 a.m.; there was no evidence of an immigration from the east at the latter place. From the 8th of October until the end of the month there was a continual stream of immigration arriving on the east coast of England south of the Humber, the birds being noted at the various stations every day and on many nights. The records were received. from most of the light-stations between the Outer Dowsing Light-vesse] (Lincolnshire) and those in the Straits of Dover, and the direction of the flight by day was to some point between N.W. and 8.8.W., though the observations at the Longsand Light-vessel (off the mouth of the Thames) showed that the birds there were going almost due north. This immigration was also noted inland in Suffolk. At the Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 21st and 27th of October birds were noted passing east all day towards the islands. On the west side 2 movement was noticed towards the end of the month, though it is not possible to say what direction it followed ; some numbers were noted on the 16th/17th at the Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) and at Anvil Point Light (Dorset) on the 24th/25th, at Bardsey Light on the following night and at the South Bishop Light (Pembroke) on the 27th/28th, while birds seen at St. Catherine’s Light on the 25th/26th may have formed part of an east to west or a north to south movement, :

There is evidence to show that the immigration on the east coast continued every day up to the middle of November, records being received from various light-stations between the Wash and the Straits of Dover, while in addition numbers were arriving at Whitby (Yorkshire) from

the east on the Ist of November. Large numbers were seen arriving on the Suffolk coast on the 15th of November.

It was impossible to say how Jate the southward coasting movement continued, as the evidence was insufficient, but birds noted at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) and at St. Catherine’s Light on the 2nd/3rd of November, also at the Bishop Rock Light on the 4th/5th, were probably emigranis, for on the 3rd some were seen going south past the Owers Light-vessel. On the 5th/6th this species was again noted at the Eddystone, Bishop Rock and South Bishop Lights, on the 6th/7th at Bull Point Light (N. Devon) and in large numbers at the Eddystone both on that and the two following nights. On the 9th/10th some were recorded at the Longships Light (Cornwall), on the 13th/14th at Bardsey, Chicken Rock and St. Catherine’s Lights, and on the following night at the Owers Light-vessel. On the 14th and 15th of November numbers were noted moving south in a snow-storm near Aberdeen.

Except for large numbers noted in Oxfordshire on the 3rd of December there is no further record of migration until the 10th/11th, on which night a few were taken at the Spurn Head and South Bishop Lights, and on the following night at the N. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent), while on the 12th/13th this species was again noticed in some numbers at the Eddystone, South Bishop and St. Catherine’s Lights.

THE SHORE-LARK (Otocorys alpestris).

Two Shore-Larks arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 18th of October and single birds were seen there on the 14th and 16th. On the 11th and 22nd of November several were seen on the S.E. coast of Suffolk.

THE SWIFT (Cypselus apus).

Swifts began to emigrate about the middle of July; they were congre- gating in Berkshire on the 15th, and many of the resident birds of that county had left on the 22nd. Large numbers were observed flying east in Somerset in company with Swallows and House-Martins on the 18th, 21st and 25rd. Between the 23rd of July and the 4th of August the greater part of the local Swifts had left Denbigh and Staffordshire, but numbers of passing birds were noted in those counties as well as in Berk- shire, where many were observed going south and west on the 31st of July.

Throughout the month of August there was a strong emigratory move- ment: one was taken at the Mull of Galloway Light on the 11th, and by the middle of the month a marked decrease in numbers was noted in the counties of Cumberland, Cheshire, Lancashire, Yorkshire, Stropshire, Radnor, Gloucester, Warwick, Suffolk, Oxford, Middlesex, Berkshire,

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Keut, Dorset and Devonshire. Flocks were seen passing over Hamp- shire in a S.E. direction on the 14th, 16th and 19th of August, and stragglers were noted in Kent between the 20th and 25th. At the South Foreland Light one was seen passing at 7.30 p.m. on the 26th, while hundreds observed round the lantern early on the following morning left for the south at 10 a.m., and large numbers going south were reported on the 29th. On the last-named date a flock was noted in Suffolk flying south-west.

Swifts were last seen in Derbyshire on the 8th of August, in Gloucester- shire and Wiltshire on the 9th, in Shropshire and Sussex on the 13th, in Denbigh on the 15th, Lancashire on the 16th, Cheshire and Suffolk on the 17th, Devonshire on the 18th, Cornwall on the 19th, Cumberland and Hertfordshire on the 21st, Staffordshire on the 5th of September, Hamp- shire on the 18th, and in Northamptenshire on the 18th.

The migratory movement rapidly died out in September, the records referring to stragglers still remaining or passing. In October four occur- rences only were reported, viz.: one at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 4th, one in Cumberland on the 9th, one at Sherringham (Norfolk) on the 16th, and a dead bird (probably the same) picked up at Cromer on the 18th.

THE NIGHTJAR (Caprimulgus europeus). Aug. 20th. Mid-Suffolk, last seen.

a 23rd. Cardiganshire, one seen. a 25th. Dorset coast, three passing.

Sept. Ist. W. Hampshire and Sussex coast, passing. re 9th. N.W. Lancashire, last seen.

10th. N. Staffordshire, last seen. 15th. S. Wiltshire, several.

3 20th. S. Yorkshire coast, two passing. sy 21st. W. Hampshire, one. s 22nd. Dorset coast, one.

THE WRYNECK (Lynez torquilla).

Aug. 3rd, S. Hertfordshire, last seen. Oy 28th. W. Kent, one passing, Sept. 14th &17th. W. Kent, one passing each day. », 14th &20th. 8. Yorkshire coast, one passing each day. ee 19th. W. Kent, last seen. », 21st & 22nd, E. Kent, one passing each day. aj 28th. Ellastone, Staffordshire, one caught.

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THE GREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER (Dendrocopus major).

Single birds arrived on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 14th and 16th of September, and also on the Isle of May (Fife) on the latter day. One was recorded from the Butt of Lewis on the 28rd, four in Shetland between the 24th and 28th, and on seven occasions from one to three birds were seen on Fair Isle between the 22nd of September and the 3rd of October. Others were recorded from Shetland, Caithness, Cromarty, W. Ross, E. Fife and Dumfries during October, November and December.

The bird obtained in Yorkshire on the 14th of September belonged to the Continental fo:m.

THE KINGFISHER (Alcedo ispida). Oct. 12th/18th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), one killed at 2 a.m.

THE HOOPOE (Upupa epops). Oct. Ist. Drayton, Norfolk, one seen.

THE CUCKOO (Cucelus canorus).

The last adult birds were seen in Radnorshire on the 3rd of July, and in Shropshire on the 8th, and small parties of presumably adult birds were observed leaving the W. coast of Sussex for the south on the 14th and 29th, though one was seen in 8. Devonshire on the 18th of August, in Hampshire on the 19th, in E. Fife on the 22nd, and in Suffolk on the 28th. The last young birds were observed in Merioneth on the 12th of August, Radnorshire on the 23rd, N. Staffordshire on the 30th, Fifeshire on the 9th, and in 8. Staffordshire on the 17th of September.

Migrants were noted on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 14th and 16th of August.

On the Hampshire coast large numbers of locally bred young birds left on the 11th of August, but migrants continued to pass south at intervals from that date onwards until the 12th of September, while odd birds were seen passing on the 8S. coast of Yorkshire on the 16th, in E. Kent on the 20th, and in Suffolk on the 19th of September and on the 12th of October.

THE SHORT-EARED OWL (Asvo aecipitrinus).

Single birds appeared at the Isle of May (Hife) on the 10th of August. | The first migrant arrived on the S. coast of Yorkshire on the 27th of October, and was followed by several others on the 29th, when the first arrival was also noted in N. Norfolk. On the night of the 2nd of November one was taken at Sule Skerry Light (Orkney), on the 3rd one at the Pentland Skerries, on the 4th the first arrived in Thanet (E. Kent), and on the 4th/Sth two were seen at Spurn Head Light (Yorks).

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MONTAGU’S HARRIER (Circus cineraceus). Novae Sth: Folkestone (Kent), one shot.

THE COMMON BUZZARD (Buteo vulgaris).

A single bird flying S. was seen on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 183th and two on the 17th of September.

THE SPARROW-HAWK (Accipiter nisus).

Several Sparrow-Hawks were recorded on passage from the Norfolk coast on the 17th of September, and four more on the 20th, and about the same date one was caught on a vessel off that coast.

‘THE HONEY-BUZZARD (Pernis apivorus). Two were seen (one being killed) in S.E. Suffolk on the 25th of September; at the end of that month another was killed in 8.W. Hamp-

shire, and a fourth was obtained at Haddiscoe (Norfolk) in the second week of October.

THE HOBBY (Falco subbuteo).

Single birds were reported as having been seen in N.W. Warwickshire on the 17th of July and the 8th of August.

THE MERLIN (falco esalon).

The first migrants (single birds) were noted simultaneously on the south coast of Yorkshire and the north coast of Norfolk on the 17th of September, a second being recorded from the former station on the 19th. During October single birds were seen at the same place on the 9th, 14th, 16th, 18th, 19th and 22nd, while on the 13th two were seen; on three of these occasions the direction of flight was definitely noted as being to the south, On the 17th of Octobera single bird appeared at the Isle of May (Vife), and on the 20th another arrived on the S.E. coast of Suffolk.

THE KESTREL (Falco tinnunculus).

Several migrating Kestrels were noted on the north coast of Norfolk on the 17th of September, and about the 20th one was captured on board a boat off the Norfolk coast. On the south coast of Yorkshire two or three were seen flying south on the 21st, single birds on the 24th and 29th, and on the Ist, 2nd, 6th, 14th, 23rd, 25th and 26th of October, while on the 9th two were recorded.

THE LESSER KESTREL (Falco cenchris).

Oct, ~ 14th. Holderness coast, Yorkshire, one shot while passing south.

THE COMMON CORMORANT (Phalacrocorax carbo).

Two birds were seen flying south on the 8.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 18th and 24th of October.

THE GANNET (Sula bassana).

Large numbers of immature birds were seen on the 14th of August in the English Channel between St. Albau’s Head and the Shambles Light- vessel (Dorset). The first adult was noticed off the N.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 24th, and a few others during the first fortnight of September.

THE GLOSSY IBIS (Plegadis falcinellus).

Two were seen on Breydon, Norfolk, on the 28th of August. On the 15th of October three were seen and one of them shot near Hunmanby, Yorkshire, and a single bird at Hornsea Mere in the same county, where it stayed for several days. On the 19th one was shot at Lambwath in Holderness, a second at Ruswarp near Whitby (where it had been for several days) on the 20th,a third about the same date at Ulrome, a fourth in “ mid-October” at Misson, Nottingham, and a fifth about the 19th of October at Holywell, Huntingdon. During the last week of October one was observed on the Taw and Torridge estuary in N. Devon, on the 10th of November two more were seen and one of them shot in Holderness, Yorkshire: one was shot near Great Yarmouth on the 2nd of December.

THE GREY LAG-GOOSE (Anser cinereus).

Oct. 28th. Solway, Cumberland, two small flocks seen.

INovenlotheeto 26th.

Solway, a small flock each day.

THE BEAN-GOGSE (Anser segetum). Sept. 11th. Solway, Cumberland, forty arrived.

THE PINK-FOOTED GOOSE (Anser brachyrhynchus).

Oct. 7thto 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), numbers.

16th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 150 flying 8. to the Lincolnshire coast.

18th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 27 flying to N. W.

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Oct. 20th: S. coast of Yorkshire, 3 to 8.E. . 24th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 9 to the 8. 25th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 18 to the 8. Nov, 13th. Solway, Cumberland, 60 seen.

THE BERNACLE GOOSE (Bernicla leucopsis).

Sept. 29th. Solway, Cumberland, a few arrived. Oct. 23rd. Dunrossness (Shetland), first seen.

Noe Sees Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides), hundreds.

a 21st. Tiree (Argyll), a flock seen.

THE BRENT GOOSE (Bernicla brenta).

Sept. 21st. Dornoch Firth, five seen. 5) 29th. Dunrossness (Shetland), one. Octa a0th. Solway, Cumberland, three seen. 1 15th. Poole, Dorset, three seen (one shot). 14th. Isle of May, Fife, one seen. on 16th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one caught. % 18th. S. coast of Yorkshire, three flying 8. - 23rd. St. Mary’s Island, Northumberland, one shot.

3 28th. S. coast of Yorkshire, 20 arrived.

‘ olst. Holy Island, Northumberland, five arrived. Nov. 6th. Dornoch Firth, a great many. Dec. 17th. Solway, three small lots seen.

THE WHOOPER (Cygnus musicus). Och 19th: Dunrossness (Shetland), eight seen.

Noy. 8th. Tiree (Argyll), unusual numbers. i 26th. S.E. Suttolk coast, six seen flying 8. Dec. 24th. R. Eden, Cumberland, four arrived.

THE MALLARD (Anas boscas).

Very few records of this species were received. The earliest move- ment reported was the arrival of a large flock in N.E. Surrey on the 5th of September with an accession to their numbers on the llth. At 10.30 P.M. on the night of Ist/2nd of October a flock passed over the city of York, and during the tirst week of that month the first migrants arrived on the N.E. coast of Norfolk.

The arrival of winter-visitors was not noticed in the Isle of Man until the 14th of November, when a few were seen passing south. Numbers arrived there on the 1&th, and a further increase on the 28th brought the winter-yisitors up to their usual numbers.

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THE GADWALL (Anas strepera).

A single Gadwall was recorded from Haselbeach, Northamptonshire, on the 27th of July.

THE TEAL (WNettion crecca).

A few records of this species were received between the 25th of July and the 19th of September, but the numbers were very small and there was nothing to show that the birds were not resident in the localities whence they were reported. The only evidence of migration was the arrival of a dozen in N.E. Surrey on the 26th of September at a spot where a single pair only had been seen previously.

THE WIGEON (Mareca penelope).

A single bird was seen in N.E. Norfolk on the 2nd of August, some returned to Linlithgow Loch on the 26th and to Cromarty Firth two days later, here their numbers had increased to about a hundred by September the 4th and three birds were seen in N.E. Surrey on the 11th of September. On the §.E. coast of Yorkshire the first migrants were noticed on the 20th of September and single birds were seen there on the 30th and on the 6th of October, a flock arrived on the 10th and a larger one on the 27th, while large numbers were observed passing south on the 28th of September and a few again on the 23rd of October. The first migrant appeared at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 11th of October. On the 29th large numbers were seen flying south along the S.E. coast of Suffolk, while a flock over 400 strong arrived in N.W. Leicester- shire on the Ist of November. In the Isle of Man the first migrants arrived on the 18th and a few more on the 25th of November.

THE POCHARD (Fuligula ferina).

Hight birds arrived on the reservoirs in N.E. Surrey on November the 11th and their numbers gradually increased until by the 21st there were over one hundred.

THE TUFTED DUCK (Fuligula cristata).

An increase in numbers was noted in N. Cheshire on the 19th of September, and several were seen in N. Warwickshire on the 14th of November.

THE LONG-TAILED DUCK (Harelda glacialis).

A single bird was seen in E. Ross-shire on the 26th of September, and six off Fair Isle on the 14th of October. A few Long-tailed Ducks were seen from the 15th of October onwards at the Isle of May (Fife) ; the first one arrived on the S.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 19th, while elght were seen there on the 27th.

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THE COMMON SCOTER (demia nigra).

A flock ef Common Scoters was first seen off the Isle of May (Fife) on the 27th of September, forty were observed flying south past the 8.E. coast of Yorkshire on October the 10th, and a few arrived at the reservoirs in N. Leicestershire on the 15th of November.

THE VELVET SCOTER (CGdemia fusca).

Ten birds of this species were noted with the Common Scoters off the S.E. coast of Yorkshire on October the 10th, while a single bird was seen there on the 11th, three on the 22nd, and six on the 25rd were flying south,

THE WOOD-PIGEON (Columba palumbus).

Oct. 2nd. W. coast of Dorset, increase. Noy. 5th. N.W. coast of Norfolk, 150 arrived from over the sea between 7 and 8 a.M.

Ps 27th. New Forest district, Hampshire, first large flock seen. . 30th. New Forest district, a second large flock seen. Dee. 2nd. = Wiltshire, large flocks arrived and remained.

THE STOCK-DOVE (Columba enas).

Oct. 22nd. New Forest district, Hampshire, large flocks seen.

THE TURTLE-DOVE (Turtur communis).

Turtle-Doves began to move south during the third week in August, the last pair being seen in Yorkshire on the 22nd, while they were passing in flocks through mid-Suffolk between the 23rd and the end of the month. As early as the 20th the local residents took their departure from the Hampshire coast, the Sussex birds left on the 27th, and a considerable number left west Kent at the end of the month ; further west, however, in Wiltshire, the resident birds appear to have remained until at least the middle of September. On the 24th of August a number of migrants arrived from the north-west on the Hampshire coast, whence they passed south four days later, the last one being seen on the 8th of September. On the 2nd of that month the last bird was seen in N. Cheshire, but the species was still plentiful in Staffordshire and Shropshire until the 15th, though all had left by the following day. On the 4th of September a flock was seen flying high to the south-west in mid-Suffolk, while a further decrease was recorded in W. Kent, and again on the 7th. On the 9th a flock of 20 (the last) was seen flying south in W. Kent, in E. Kent single migrants were noticed passing on the 10th, 21st, 22nd and 28rd,

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and in mid-Suffolk between the 18th and 2Ist. On the night of the 15th/16th single birds were seen at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) between 10 p.m. and 5 A.m., and on the next night a single bird was taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey) at 11 p.m. On the 17th a fresh lot of migrants arrived in Wiltshire, where they remained for some days, the majority leaving on the 25th and the remainder on the 27th. A late strageler was seen in Surrey on the 7th of October.

THE QUAIL (Coturnix communis).

What was presumably a locally bred bevy of eight was found near Salisbury, Wiltshire, on the 15th of September, but all appear to baye been shot between that date and the 16th of October.

THE LAND-RAIL (Crex pratensis).

July 3lst. Staffordshire, last heard. Ang. 3lst. Mull of Galloway Lt. (Wigton), one killed.

Sept. brd. New Forest, Hampshire, one passing. 3 5th. Surrey, one passing. on 10th. Thanet, EK. Kent, two passing. R 13th. Staffordshire, one shot; 8. coast of Yorkshire, two passing. », Isth/14th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one killed. : 17th. Wiltshire, one passing. » 24th/25th. Lynmouth Foreland Lt. (N. Devon), one killed. - 25th. S. coast of Yorkshire, one passing; Wiltshire, one.

» 2oth/26th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one killed. Oct. Ist & 3rd. New Forest, one passing.

o 2nd. ‘Thanet, one passing. is 18th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one. 3 ord. § N. Somerset, one seen.

THE WATER-RAIL (Rallus aquaticus).

Sept. 10th/llth. St. Catherme’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few from 1 to 4 AM. » lth/12th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), two at 9.30 and 11.20 p.m. » l5th/16th. Smalls Lt. (Pembroke), one killed at midnight. » 26th/27th. Bardsey Lt., one killed between | and 1.30 a.m. ¥ 27th. Yarmouth (Norfolk), one found dead under the telegraph-wires. Oct. 11th/12th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), two at 10.15 p.m, and 2.40 AM.; Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v. (Norfolk), two at 3 a.m. 14th/15th. Leman and Ower Lt.-y. (Norfolk), one.

)

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Oct. 16th/]7th. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), one. 4 23rd. Near Exeter (Devon), one found dead under the telegraph-wires. 5 24th. Tiree (Argyll), one. = 29th. S. Yorkshire coast, eight seen. Nov. 4th/5th. Bardsey Lt., six at midnight; Spurn Head Lt. (York- shire), one; Seven Stones Lt.-v.(Isles of Scilly), a few at 10 P.M. » 5th/6th. Bardsey Lt., many between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m.; 50 killed ! », L9th/20th. Lynmouth Foreland Lt. (N. Devon), several at 3.20 AGM Dec. 9th/10th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), one at 3.30 a.m.

THE MOORHEN (Gallinula chloropus).

Oct. 10th/11th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), two killed. Dec, 22nd. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), one taken.

THE STONE-CURLEW ( Gdicnemus scolopax).

A decrease was noted in the numbers of the resident birds in S.E. Suffolk on the 31st of August.

THE DOTTEREL (Ludromias morinellus).

Two were killed against the lantern of Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire) at 10 p.m. on the 24th of August.

THE RINGED PLOVER (4yialitis hiaticola).

A decided increase in numbers was noted on the 8.E. coast of Sussex on the 24th of July, and during the last days of that month as well as during August several records were received from inland stations: thus, two were seen in Northamptonshire on the 29th of July and the 23rd of August, five were seen flying to the S.W. in Hertfordshire on the 30th of July, small parties were seen in the same county on the 15th and 29th of August, while some were heard passing over in W. Kent early on the morning of the 18th.

On the coast of Lancashire the local residents remained in small parties up to the 12th of August, between that date and the 15th they gradually collected into large flocks and departed on the 16th; numbers of migrants arrived on the 18th and passed on by the 21st. An increase

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was noted in 8. Devonshire on the 28th. On the 12th and 19th of September single birds were seen in Hertfordshire, and on the 6th and 21st small numbers were passing on the N.E. coast of Yorkshire, while on the night of the 27th/28th one was killed at Spurn Head Light.

On the 5th/6th of November several were seen at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) between 10 p.m. and 5 A.M.

THE KENTISH PLOVER (¢gialitis cantiana).

Single birds were observed on the coast of Kent up to the 12th of September.

THE GOLDEN PLOVER (Charadrius pluvialis).

On the night of the 7th/8th of July a large number of Golden Plovers were heard passing over in N. Cheshire, on the 8th migration was noted as having begun in Fifeshire, and in the former county a few were again heard on the night of the 19th/20th ; similarly in mid-Suffolk numbers were passing on the nights of the 15th/14th and 25th/26th and these were apparently heading 8.E. On the 7th of August a great many were observed on the Cromarty Firth.

On the Ist of September a small party arrived on the N. coast of Norfolk, where the species was seen in fluctuating numbers (never more than 20) on the 7th, 9th, 10th, 13th, 15th and 17th, their stay on each day being apparently of only a few hours duration. On the 17th flocks were arriving at Tiree (Argyll) and on the 20th at Fair Isle (Shetland). On the 19th a large flock arrived at their usual winter-quarters in N. Cheshire, on the 22nd the first bird arrived on the Isle of May (Fife) and was followed by four more on the 25th, on the latter date the first arrival was noticed in the Isle of Man, and during the last week of the month several flocks arrived in N.E. Suffolk.

On the night of the Ist/2nd October a flock passed over the city of York at 10.30 p.m. and on the following day the first large flock (200) was seen in N. Lancashire. On the 14th a large flock passed over N.E. Yorkshire and on the 29th another was seen flying W. on the N.E. coast of Norfolk.

On the 4th/5th of November a few occurred at Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire); on the 27th there was a large increase in the Isle of Man, a small flock arrived in N. Leicestershire on the 8th, remaining a few days, and on the 15th fifty were seen in Staffordshire.

On the nights of 15th/16th, 16th/17th and 17th/18th of December large emigratory movements were observed-at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall), large numbers being seen throughout the first and second nights and from 6.80 to 9 P.M. on the last.

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THE GREY PLOVER (Sguatarola helvetica).

Sept. 10th/llth. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), a few from 1 to 4 A.M. +4 28th. S. coast of Yorkshire, great increase. Oct. Ist/2nd. Yorkshire, a large flock heard passing at 10.30 P.M.

THE LAPWING (Vanellus vulgaris).

At the beginning of August the local birds had assembled in large flocks in East Anglia, and the first large flock was noticed in Shropshire on the 23rd. On the 2nd of September a flock arrived from the east in the Iste of Man, between the 8th and 21st large flocks arrived in Leicestershire and on the 25th a flock was observed passing south-west across S. Somerset.

The first east coast immigrants arrived on the 8.E. of Suffolk on the 11th of September, but this movement does not appear to have commenced in earnest until the end of the month. On the 2=th the first flock arrived from the east on the S.E. coast of Yorkshire and passed on to the south, and other similar arrivals were witnessed on the 10th of October, while movements to the south, doubtless of birds that had arrived from over the sea, were observed on the 30th of September, and on the 4th, 9th, 10th, 14th, 17th and 23rd of October, as well as during the night of the 26th/27th, when birds also occurred at Spurn Head Light. On the 30th of October large numbers coming in from the east landed on the N-.E. coast of Norfolk in the early morning; on the 4th of November they continued to arrive all day, and in the early morning of the 5th they arrived ina continuous stream. On the night of the Ath/5th a few were again noticed at Spurn Head Light. On the S.E. coast of Suffolk similar immigrations were noticed on the 18th, 20th and 26th of November.

In the west fresh birds arrived in 8. Devonshire on the 28th and 30th of October and in the Isle of Man on the 81st, while the returns from that island between the 3rd and 14th of November, and from Bardsey (Carnarvon) and the South Bishop (Pembroke) Lights on the 5th/6th, 18th/14th and 15th/16th, indicated a considerable emigratory movement from the west cuast of England during that period.

An emigratory movement took place from the south coast in mid- December, as was indicated by the returns from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) and from Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the nights of the 15th/16th and 16th/17th.

A few birds were again observed at Spurn Head Light on the night of tue 17th/18th of December.

Zoe

THE TURNSTONE (Sérepszdas interpres).

A single bird arrived on the KE. coast of Sussex on the 16th of July and remained until the 24th. On the Ist of August Turnstones were reported to be arriving in numbers on the Hampshire coast, where they increased daily, reaching a maximum onthe 11th; after that date a rapid diminution took place, the last one being seen on the 28th. On the 19th the first bird was noted on the 8. coast of Devonshire and large numbers arrived on the 28th. Two or three birds arrived on the S.E. coast of Kent on the 22nd of August and others on the 24th, while three passing birds were noticed on the N.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 6th of September.

THE OYSTER-CATCHER (Hematopus ostralegus).

A single Oyster-catcher arrived on the 8.E. coast of Kent on the 8th of August, on the 18th twenty-eight appeared and by the 24th their numbers had risen to over eighty. On the 15th a single bird was taken at Smith’s Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk), and on the 27th a few passing birds were noted on the N.E. coast of Yorkshire, where others were noted on the Ist and 21st of September, while on the N. coast of Norfolk single migrants were seen on the Ist, 2nd and 13th. Between the 5th and 18th of September a few birds were taken in the flight-nets on the N.W. coast of Lancashire, but it was noted that by the latter date the large flocks had not yet arrived. From thirty to forty passing birds were noted in the Isle of Man on the 31st of October.

THE WOODCOCK (Scolopar rusticula).

The earliest immigrant Woodeocks on the east coast arrived in S.E. Suffolk on the 2nd and 26th of September, but the movement does not appear to have commenced in earnest until mid-October. On the 1Sth/14th of that month the first bird was taken at Coquet Island Light (Northumberland) at 2 a.m., and four found on the island the next day left for the south at 3 p.m. On the 18th one was recorded from Dunrossness (Shetland), on the 19th/20th a single bird was killed at Winterton Light (Norfolk) at 4.80 a.., on the 26th the first arrivals appeared on the 8.E. coast of Yorkshire, and several more were seen at Withernsea Light on the 27th/28th, when there was also a large arrival on the Norfolk coast. A farther small number of immigrants arrived in S.E. Yorkshire on the morning of the 29th, and on the following night many appeared in N.E. Suffolk. Further small arrivals occurred on the S.E. coast of Yorkshire on the 3lst and on the Ist, 5th and 14th of November, while six were seen at the Shipwash Light-vessel (Suffolk) on the Ist/2nd, one at Whitby Light (Yorkshire) on the 2nd, seven at

R2

252

Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) early on the evening of the 4th, and one at the Inner Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) on the 5th. On the 2nd the first birds were seen in Northamptonshire, on the 4th a large number arrived in Thanet (E. Kent) and on the 10th in Shetland. On the 2nd of December two were noted flying north at Cromer Light (Norfolk),

On the 31st of October the first bird was seen in KE. Devon and on the same day the keeper of Lundy Island N. Light reported that some had arrived. The first arrivals in the New Forest district of Hampshire were recorded on the 5th of November, many appeared there on the 8th and more on the 15th and 28th, Emigratory movements were noted from the west coast at the Bishop Rock Light (Isles of Scilly) on the 4th/5th and the 5th of November, at the same lighthouse, the Seven Stones Light-vessel (Isles of Scilly) and Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the dth/6th, at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 7th/8th, and again at Bardsey Light on the 12th/18th of December.

THE COMMON SNIPE (Gallinago celestis). Sept. 13th/1l4th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), one killed between 8 and

10 p.m.

» 24th/25th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), one killed between 2 and 2.30 A.M.

s 25th. Lerwick and Fair Isle (Shetland), many arrived.

Oct. 30th. Tivee (Argyll), numerous. Nov. 5dth/6th. Bardsey Lt., several between 10 p.m and 5 a.M. ,, 13th/14th. Bardsey Lt., numbers apparently flying 8. from 1 to 4 A.M.

14th. Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), large nxmbers.

15th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), large numbers,

25rd. Tiree (Argyll), numerous.

Dec: 2st. Mull (Argyll), numerous.

THE JACK-SNIPE (Gadlinago gallinula).

Sept. 2st. S. coast of Yorkshire, first seen. », 24th/25th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), several between 9 and 1] P.M. Oct. 9nd. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived. 3 Ath. Northumberland, first seen. 5 8th. S.E. Suffolk, first seen. tf 14th. Cumberland, first seen ; N.E. Suffolk, a few arrived. 7 22nd. N.E. Suffolk, a few more arrived.

25th. S. coast of Yorkshire, a few fresh arrivals.

253

Noy. 5th/6th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), several between 10 p.m. and 5 AM. » 18th/14th. Bardsey Lt., numbers from 1] to 4 a.m, apparently flying S. v3 29th. Dorset, first seen. Dec. 12th/13th. Bardsey Lt., a few from 10 p.m. to 7 A.M., apparently flying S. » l6th/17th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one Ikrilled at 4.30 A.M.

THE DUNLIN (Tringa alpina).

Immature Dunlins began to arrive on the south coast in July, and quite a number of records of passing birds were received from inland localities during the latter half of that month and during August. The first migrants (a large flock) arrived on the Hampshire coast on the 2nd of July and on the coast of E. Sussex on the 15th; in the former locality small flocks were seen daily after the 2nd, a further arrival took place in Sussex on the 18th and these had mostly passed on by the 24th. The inland records include 8.W. Surrey on the 15th and 25th, N. Warwick- shire from tke 22nd to the 24th, N. Northamptonshire on the 23rd, 27th, 29th, the 10th and 28rd of August, Hertfordshire on the 25th of July, the 15th and 29th of August, the 12th and 19th of September, and W. Kent on the 18th of August.

A large number of Dunlins arrived on the Lincolnshire coast on the 3rd of August and on the S.E. coast of Suffolk on the 26th, while in the west a large flock arrived in the Isle of Man during the third week of

. that month and a few were caught in the flight-nets on the Lancashire coast between the 5th and 18th of September. After September the only records received were a few from the lights. Two birds struck Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) at 1 a.m. on the 38rd/4th of October, and a few were seen at that light on the nights of the 10th/11th ard 14th/15th of December, while numbers apparently flyimg south were recorded at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) between 1 and 4 a.m. on the 13th/14th of

November.

THE LITTLE STINT (Tringa minuta).

Single birds were seen at Tring, Herts, on the 29th of August, and at Aberlady, Haddington, on the 4th of September, at Cley, Norfolk, on the 17th, and on Fair Isle, Shetland, on the 30th.

THE CURLEW-SANDPIPER (Tringa subarquata).

Three were seen on Sandwich Flats (HE. Kent) on the 21st of August, two at Edenmouth (Fife) on the 31st, and single birds at Tring (Herts) on the 29th of August and the 12th of September, and at Cley (Norfolk)

254

on the 4th and 7th of September, while a flock arrived at Cley late on the afternoon of September the 4th, and on the same day five or six were seen at Aberlady (Haddington).

THE KNOT (Tringa canutus).

Small numbers were reported to have stayed throughout the summer on the Cromarty Firth. Single Knots arrived in the Isle of Man on the 19th of August, in EK. Kent on the 24th and at Tring (Herts) on the 12th of September. Moderate numbers were seen on the N. coast of Norfolk on the Ist and 2nd of September and several passing birds made short halts there on the 3rd, 4th, 6th, 10th and 18th. A few were recorded from St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 10th/11th of September and two from Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 9th/l0th of October. The remaining records all came from Spurr Head Light (Yorkshire), where small numbers were reported on the 12th/13th of September, 6th/7th, 10th/llth, 27th/28th of October, 3rd/4th and 13th/14th of November, and large numbers on the 4th/5th; but it should be pointed out that these records do not necessarily all refer to birds actually migrating.

THE SANDERLING (Calidris arenaria).

One or two Sanderlings were seen on the coast of E. Sussex on the 15th of July and a small increase occurred there three days later. Three or four passing birds were seen on the Isle of Man on the 22nd and 27th of August, and large flocks arrived on the Ist of September on the S. coast of Devon, where even larger numbers arrived on the following day and passed quickly on. The only other bird seen in that locality was a solitary individual on the 4th. Large numbers in company with other Waders passed along the coast of EZ. Sussex on the night of the 10th/11th of September.

THE RUFF (Machetes pugnaz).

Single birds were seen on the E. Sussex coast on July the 20th, in I. Renfrew on the 29th of August and the 12th of September, on the N. Norfolk coast on the lst and 16th of September, and on the Lanca- shire coast on the J8th of that month.

THE COMMON SANDPIPER (Totanus hypoleucus).

On the 17th of July the first movement was noticed in E. Fife. Between the 19th and 51st a decrease was noted in the breeding popula- tion of Radnorshire, those in N. Staffordshire left on the 9th of August, and the Cumberland birds on the 21st. Throughout the latter half of July and the whole of August records were numerous from inland counties remote from the birds’ breeding-haunts, clearly pointing to a general southerly movement. In most instances the birds seem to have

259

travelled in small companies, though one or two records of birds passing at night from the southern counties seem to indicate somewhat larger gatherings, while movements of considerable magnitude were noticed on the Lancashire coast on the 28th of July, between the 9th and the 14th of August and on the 9th of September, likewise in the Isle of Man on the Ist, 8th and 9th of August. During the first half of September the inland records fell off rapidly, showing that the majority of the birds had already passed south, whil2 even on the east coast they relate entirely to single passing birds. A straggler was seen on the 8. coast of Yorkshire as late as the 21st of October.

The first migrants reached the coast of EH. Sussex on the 17th of July, wheuce they departed to the south-west on the 23rd. On the coast of W. Dorset the first bird arrived on the 29th and was followed by a few more on the 8th of August, on which date they were recorded for the first time from E. Kent, while in 8. Devon small parties were passing between the 2nd und the 22nd. A large number arrived on the Hamp- shire coast on the 50th of August, and these were supplemented by others during the night ot the 2nd/srd of September. On the 10th many arrived in small parties on the Dorset coast and passed on, while the Hampshire birds departed gradually between the llth and the 15th. In both of these districts stragglers were noted on various dates up to the end of the month and in Hampshire on the 9th and 18th of October as well.

THE GREEN SANDPIPER (Totanus ochropus).

Passing birds were seen in N. Leicestershire at the end of July, in Hertfordshire on the 15th of August, and in Wiltshire and Northampton- shire on the 31st.

THE REDSHANK (Totanus calidris).

June 25th. S. Devon, flock of thirty seen. July 19th/20th. Watford, Herts, heard passing at 11.25 P.M. Aug. 8th. S. Devon, small flock.

,», [8th to 15th. Lancashire coast, increase.

sf 17th. Lancashire coast, all passed on.

» 17th/18th. W. Kent, large numbers heard passing in the early morning.

5 18th. Lancashire coast, a few arrived.

5 28th. Lancashire coast, large numbers.

Sept. 9thto29th. S. Devon, a few passing. 10th/llth. St. Catherine’s Lt. (isle of Wight), a few from 1 to 4 A.M. Dec. 12th/18th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), a few apparently flying S. between 10 p.m. and 7 A.M.

”

bo Or (oP)

THE GREENSHANK (Totanus canescens).

A party of five were seen at Poole, Dorset, on the 8th of August, and four arrived at Tring, Hertfordshire, on the 12th of September and remained a weelx,

THE BAR-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lappenica).

Small numbers were reported to have stayed throughout the summer on the Cromarty Firth.

A single bird was seen passing on the Yorkshire coast on the Ist of September, and on the 7th some 1200 arrived on the Solway. Single passing birds were seen on the N. coast of Norfolk on the 10th and 17th, and a few daily on the Isle of Man from the 22nd to the 26th. Several arrived on the Dorset coast on the Ist of October and four more on the Isle of Man on the 14th. Between 1 and 4 a.m. on the 13th/14th of November a considerable number were noticed at Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), apparently flying south.

THE BLACK-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa belgica).

Single birds were seen on Sandwich Flats (E. Kent) on the 18th and 24th of August.

THE CURLEW (Numenius arquata).

Records from inland counties in July indicated that Curlews had commenced their southward journey and numbers were heard at night passing over in Hertfordshire on the 14th/15th and in Norfolk on the 24th/25th, while the first arrival was noted on the E. Sussex coast on the 19th.

The breeding-haunts of this bird in the Pennines were gradually deserted between the 2nd and 8th of August, when family parties were daily seen flying across to the Solway, the last birds passing on the 20th and the 28th. At Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) a few were seen at 3 A.M. on August the 14th/1d5th.

On the 8th/9th of September several passed the Kentish Knock Light- vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames), between 1 and 2A.M., on the following night many passed over Lincoln, at 6 a.m. on the 11th and on the 183th a few were seen at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex), and on the following night one was seen at Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) at midnight. On the night of the 28th/29th of September many passed over Suffolk at 11 p.m., and a flock was recorded from the S. Bishop Light (Pembroke) at 4 a.m. on the 16th of November.

251

THE WHIMBREL (Numenius pheopus).

Like the Curlew, the Whimbrel was reported as passing from several inland counties during the latter half of July, and the first migrants arrived on the E. Sussex coast on the 15th. During the whole of August and the first half of September similar records were received, but they were from widely separated localities and related almost entirely to very small numbers, so that no definite movements could be traced. There were, however, arrivals of larger numbers in E. Kent on the 11th of August and on the Dorset coast on the 26th. Three were seen at Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) at midnight of the 18th/19th of August, and two or three were seen daily on the Isle of May (Fife) from the 14th to the 25th of September. The latest record was of two birds seen on the Dorset coast on the Ist of October.

THE BLACK TERN (Aydrochelidon nigra).

Aug. 3rd. N. Anglesey coast, one seen. Sept. . Sth. Hants coast, one seen.

, 16th/17th. Hanois Lt. (Guernsey), one killed at 11 P.M.

THE SANDWICH TERN (Sterna cantiaca).

The majority of the parent birds with their young left the Cumberland breeding-area between the 10th and the 22nd of July, the last pair being observed on the 80th. The last members of the colony on the Farne Islands (Northumberland) left on the 29th of August and were recorded on the same day passing down the Durham coast. Large numbers were seen off the Fifeshire coast on the 24th and 31st of August.

THE COMMON TERN (Sterna fluviatilis).

On the 20th of July two were seen inland in Northamptonshire, and during August and September several similar records of passing migrants were received from Shropshire, while one was seen as late as the 10th of October in N.E. Surrey and on the 18th in Leicestershire. The breeding- birds in S.E. Suffolk began to depart on the 10th of August and had nearly all gone by the 29th. The main southward passage along the Lancashire coast seems to have taken place during the first fortnight in August, but another flight of migrants began about the 5th of September, and between the 11th and 18th many were caught there in the flight-nets. The last birds left the Aberdeenshire coast on the 8th of September.

258

THE ARCTIC TERN (Sterna macrura).

Aiea) ord: Lincoln coast, many hundreds passing. » 22nd/23rd. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), seven. 6 27th. S. coast of Devon, three seen.

9 29th. Farne Islands (Northumberland), the last of breeding- colony left; Durham coast, many passing.

Sept. Ist. Durham coast, one only, the last.

Pe 4th. Cromarty Firth, last seen.

» 5th. Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), last seen.

», L1th/12th,

22nd/25rd & + Lerwick Lt. (Shetland), many passing.

24th/25th.

» 2lst/22nd. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), numbers.

,, 22nd/23rd. Fair Isle Lt. (Shetland), numbers. Oct. 9th. Northumberland, one seen.

ss 19th. S. Yorkshire coast, one seen.

THE LITTLE TERN (Sterna minuta).

July 18th. S.W. Surrey, two.

Aug. Ist to 15th. Lancashire coast, many passing. 9 10th. S.E. coast of Suffolk, first departure of breeding-birds. % 29th. S.E. coast of Suffolk, nearly all gone. . 3lst. Hertfordshire, two.

THE LITTLE GULL (Larus minutus).

Oct. oth. Cresswell, Northumberland, one seen.

THE BLACK-HEA DED GULL (Larus ridibundus).

Black-headed Gulls arrived in Mull (Argyll) on the 7th of July, on the Fifeshire coast on the 8th, and were seen returning to the coast from inland breeding-haunts in Suffolk on the 9th and 10th and in Nor- thumberland on the 12th. Other records received between the 10th of July and the 5lst of August from Shropshire, Warwickshire, North- amptonshire, Hertfordshire and Surrey refer to single wandering birds. One was killed at St. Catherine’s Light (Isle of Wight) on the 19th/20th of October.

THE COMMON GULL (Larus canus) and THE HERRING-GULL (Larus argentatus).

A few records were received of these species between the 20th of July and the 4th of October from inland localities, but with the exception of

thirty Herring-Gulls flying N.E. over Shropshire on the 6th of August, they all refer to quite small numbers of casual wanderers. Large arrivals of Herring-Gulls took place on the 8.E. coast of Suffolk on the 18th of September and of Common Gulls at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 5th and 14th of October.

THE LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larus fuscus).

A small migration seems to have taken place down the Yorkshire coast on the 25th of July and again on the 6th and 7th of August. Other records refer to casual wanderers only.

THE GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL (Larus marinus).

A few passed down the Yorkshire coast on the 5th and 7th of August, and on the lst of October hundreds were seen all day in small parties flying west along the N. coast of Norfolk.

RICHARDSON’S SKUA (Stercorarius crepidatus).

The first migrants were seen off the Yorkshire coast on the 2Ist of August and off the Durham cvast on the 29th. Others visited the N. coast of Norfolk on the lst and 20th of September and the Yorkshire coast on the 10th, 11th, 12th and 21st.

THE RAZORBIL| (Alca torda).

Oct. 8th to 23rd. Isle of May (Hife), some going south every day. » 10th/11th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one.

THE SLAVONIAN GREBE (Podicipes auritus).

One was seen in Shropshire on the 11th of December.

THE LITTLE GREBE (Podicipes fluviatilis).

Oct. 10th/11th. Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), one killed at 11.36 p.m. ,, 12th/13th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one killed at midnight.

THE STORM-PETREL (Procellaria pelagica). Sept. 22nd/28rd. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one killed at 4 a.m. Oct. 9th/10th, | St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one taken each

11th/l2th & 17th/18th. night.

Noy. 2nd/8rd. Spurn Head Lt., two killed at 9 p.m.

260

Noy. 4th/5th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one killed. » 6th/7th. Spurn Head Lt., one or two at midnight. » l0th/l1lth. St. Catherine’s Lt., one at midnight. » 14th/15th. Spurn Head Lt., one or two at midnicht. Wee yelalith: Bass Rock Lt., one.

», 16th/17th &

17th/18th. St. Catherine’s Lt., one each night.

LEACH’S FORK-TAILED PETREL (Oceanodroma leucorrhoa).

Aug. 26th. Sule Skerry Lt. (Orkney), two killed. Oct. 9th/10th. St. Catherine’s Lt. (Isle of Wight), one struck at 2.30 P.M. op 15th. Yarmouth, Norfolk, one found dead.

THE MANX SHEARWATER (Puffinus anglorum).

Aug. 15th &17th. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), one each night. , 14th/15th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), several at 2 a.m. Sept. 14th/15th. 8. Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), two struck.

261

DETAILS OF THE CHIEF MOVEMENTS

OBSERVED AT THE LIGHT-STATIONS DURING

Aug.

~ ~

~ ~~

Me ~~

8th.

10th.

11th,

12th.

13th.

14th/15th.

15th.

17th.

17th/18th.

THE AUTUMN OF 1909.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of ‘ Ducks” flying S.W. at 3.20 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 4. Blue sky and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Kight “Terns” flying W.S.W. at 2 P.M. Wind N.E. by E. 3. Blue sky; clear.

Varne Lt-v.— A flock of “Ducks” flying W. at 3.30 P.M. Calm; blue sky.

Chicken Rock Lt—A Swallow round the Lighthouse at noon, Wind §.8.W., fresh. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v—One Swallow flying S.S.W. at 9 a.m. Wind $.8.W. 1. Blue sky and clear.

Varne L.-v.—One “Tern” flying S. at 5.15 p.m. Wind S. by W.1. Cloudy.

Bardsey [t.—Several Manx Shearwaters at 2 A.M., and a few Wheatears, Garden-Warblers and Curlews at 3AM. Wind N.E.4to6. Dark, heavy rain.

New Moon.

Smith's Knoll Lt.-v.— One Oyster-catcher at noon. Wind 8.W. 2. Fog.

Varne Lt.-v.—A large flock of “ Ducks” flying W. at 6pm. Calm. Blue sxy and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.— A flock of “ Ducks” flying W. at 6.30 p.m. Wind EK. by N.2. Cloudy.

Chicken Rock Lt,—Hundreds of Wheatears and a single Starling from 10 p.m. to daylight; numbers were Killed and fell in the sea. Wind N. 2. Haze and

rain,

Aug.

”?

18th/19th.

20th/21st.

21st/22nd.

22nd.

29nd /23rd.

24th. 24th/25th.

25th/26th.

26th/27th.

262

Bardsey Lt. — Three Sedge-Warblers at midnight. Wind W. 5. Starlight.

Spurn Head Lt. — Three Whimbrel at midnight. Wind §.8.W.4. Cloudy and gloomy.

Spurn Head Lt.— Six “ Flycatchers” at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 5. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt—Four “Flycatchers” at midnight. Wind W. 38, Clear.

Bardsey Lt.—A flock of 100 “ Wagtails” flying S. at 8.30 A.M.

Bardsey Lt.—Seven Arctic Terns with a small Gull and several Waders from 10.30 p.m. to daylight. Wind 8.S.W. 4. Dark and raining.

Spurn Head Lt.—Five Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 4.

Winterton LIt.—One Starling at 2.80 a.m. Wind S.W. 1. Clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

St. Catherines Lt. — Several Willow- Warblers at 38am. Wind W.N.W. 4. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—Two Dotterels killed at 10 P.M. Wind 8.W. 4 to N.W. 5. Cloudy and gloomy to

misty rain,

St. Catherine's Lt.—Several Whitethroats, Willow- and Sedge- Warblers and Tree-Pipits at 3. a.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Overcast.

South Foreland L1.—Six Sedge-Warbiers at 2.15 a.M. Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Willow-Warblers at 11 p.m. Wind N.W.5. Misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.--Several Whitethroats, Wheat- ears, Sedge-Warblers and a Garden-Warbler from 2to 2.50 a.m. Wind N.4. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt—A Swift at 7.30 pa. A few

Wheatears and Willow-Warblers at 3 am, Wind N.W. 3 to W. 2. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three “ Flycatchers” and a Thrush at midnight. Wind variable. Clear; passing showers.

Aug,

» 27th/28th.

”

» 29th/30th.

”

Sept.

”

”

27th.

29th.

dlst. Ist.

1st/2nd.

2nd.

3rd/4th.

Ath.

6th.

6th/7th.

7th/Sth.

263

South Foreland Lt.—Hundreds of Swifts, Swallows and House-Martins round the lighthouse from 4 to 10 a.M., when they left for the south. Wind N.W. 2. Hazy.

St. Catherine's Lt.— Several Wheatears, Redstarts, Whitethroats and Willow-Warblers, single Garden- and Sedge-Warblers, a Chiffchaff and a Spotted Flycatcher. Wind N.E. 5. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.—Scores of Swifts, Swallows and House-Martins flying S. at 6 a.m. Wind W. 2. Blue sky with clouds.

St. Catherine's Lt. — A single Wheatear killed at 34M. Wind N.N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Full Moon.

Longships Lt.—Small flocks of “ Kittiwakes,” Razor- bills and Guillemots flying S. daily up to the first week of November. Wind N. to N.E. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—Small numbers of “ Linnets”’ and Greenfinches flying 8. at noon. Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

Eddystone Lt.—A single Ring-Ouzel at 11 p.m, and a few Wheatears and Pied Wagtails at midnight. Wind N. 1. Clouds passing.

Spurn Head Lt.—Two “ Flycatchers” at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 38. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—A few Swallows flying S.W. at 5.30 P.M. Wind N.E.1. Blue sky.

Eddystone Lt.—Three Wheatears at 8 P.M.,a Black- bird and several Song-Thrushes at 10 p.m. Wind W.N.W. 4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v—A few Swallows flying S. at 10 a.m. Wind W. 5. Raining.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Eddystone Lt.—Two Ring-Ouzels and three W heatears at ll p.m. Wind W.N.W.6. Clouds passing.

St. Catherines Lt. — Several Whitethroats, Willow-

Wazblers and a Wheatear from 12-4 a.m. Wind N. 2. Cloudy.

Sept. 8th/9th.

at 9th.

9th/10th.

,, 10th/11th.

te all th:

264

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.-—Several Curlews from 1 to 2 A.M. Wind N.N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Owers Lt.-v.—Six Sky-Larks round the lantern from 9.40 p.m. to midnight. Wind N.E. 6. Clear, raining.

Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Wagtails” and other small birds flying S.

Owers [t.-v.—A few Sky-Larks flying N.E. at 8.15 and 10.10 a.m. Wind N.E. 5. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Twelve Sky-Larks round the lantern from 1 a.m. to 4.20 a.m., when they departed to the N.E. Wind N.E. 6. Clear, raining.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A few Garden- and Sedge- Warblers with single Blackcaps, Redstarts and Song-Thrushes from 12-3 a.m. Wind E.N.E.4. Rain.

Spurn Head Lt. — Three Whitethroats at 1 a.m. Wind $.E. 3. Cloudy.

Bardsey It. — Several Sedge-Warblers at 11 P.M. Wind E.3. Starlight, but hazy.

Chicken Rock Lt.—One or two “‘ Wagtails,” Wheatears and ‘ Robins” between 1 A.M. and dawn. Wind E., light. Hazy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A large number of Wheatears from 1 to 3 am. Wind E.S.E. 5. Overcast. Lightning.

Owers Lt.-v.—Anbout fifty Song-Thrushes, Curlews and small birds at the lantern all night; left for the N.E. at 6 a.m. Wind N.E. 3. Overcast, with misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.— One or two Wheatears, Grey Plover, Water-Rails, Redshanks and Knots from lto4am., Wind N.E.4. Rain.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks flying 8.E. at 3.50 p.m. Wind §.E,

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several flocks of small birds passing W. during the day, but at too great a distance for identification. Several ‘ Ducks” flying E. at 10am. Wind S. 4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—A Song-Thrush flying N.E. at 10 a.m., three Chaffinches S.W. at 10.20 a.m, Wind S.E. 3 to 8.E. by E. 4. Clear.

[ i

Sept. 11th/12th.

9

» 12th/18th.

”

”

2th.

oth,

265

Bardsey It.—Two Water-Rails at 9.50 and 11.20 P.m. A few Whitethroats from 2 to 3,10 a.m. Wind N.E. 2to 4. Overcast.

Chicken Rock Lt. —Two “Robins” at 11 P.M. Wind E., light. Hazy.

Flatholm Lti.—Several Willow-Warblers and a Red- start at 3 a.m. Wind —. 3. Clear.

Owers Lit.-v.— Sixty to a hundred Sky-Larks and Starlings round the light all night, left for the N.E. at 5.30 a.m. Wind E. 5. Misty.

Bardsey Lt. — Several “Linnets and Sky-Larks ” flying N.

Smith's Knoll Lt.-v.—Two Wheatears and a Redstart came or board at 10 a.m. and remained all day. Calm. Light haze.

Eddystone Lt.—Four Wheatears and three “ Warblers ”’ at 8 p.m. Wind N.N.E.4. Clear.

Nab Lt.-v—Numbers of small birds seen at 1.30 A.M. Wind N. 4. Overcast.

Owers Lt.-v.— Song-Thrushes, “ Hawks” and small birds round the light all night; left to the N.E. at 5.30 A.M.

St. Catherine's Lt. — Many Willow-Warblers with several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears, Redstarts, Black- caps, Whitethroats, Chiffchatffs, Sedge-Warblers, Spotted and Pied Flycatchers, from 2.30 a.m. till daybreak. Wind N.E. 4. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—A Starling and four Knots at 2 a.m. Wind N.E. 5. Cloudy and raining.

Cromer Lt.—About twenty Wheatears about the light- house at2 p.m. Wind N.E. Clear.

Owers It.-v—A few Song-Thrushes flying E.N.E., Curlews N. and small birds 8.8. W. between 7.30 a.m. and 3.10 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 4 to N. 6. Clear,

raining.

15th/l4th. Anvil Point Lt.—Several Whitethroats from 11 p.m. to

3A4.M. Wind N.N.E. 4. Dark and overcast. §

Sept. 15th/14th. (contd.).

» 14th.

14th/15th.

266

Eddystone Lt.—Three Sedge-Warblers at 10 p.m. and two Yellow Wagtails and five Wheatears at mid- night. Wind N.E. 4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Sixty to seventy birds round the light all night; left to the S. at 5.25 a.m. Wind N. 7. Clear.

St. Catherme’s Lt —A Land-Rail and a Sedge-Warbler. Wind E.N.E. 8. Clear.

Skerries It.— Several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears, Whitethroats and a Common Snipe between 8 and 10 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 3. Very dark.

Spurn Head Lt.—One Curlew at midnight. Wind E.N.E. 6. Rain.

New Moon.

Owers [t.-v.—A few Sky-Larks and Blackbirds flying N. and N.W. between 6 a.m. and 2 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 7 to N.E. 4. Clear to rain.

St. Catherines Lt.—Great numbers of Wheatears seen round the lighthouse.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears and Whitethroats on the island.

Bardsey Lt.— Hundreds of Whitethroats, Willow- Warblers and Chiffchaffs between 2 and 5 A.M. Wind S.E. 4. Hazy.

Hartland Point Lt.—A single Pied Wagtail at 2 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 2. Clear, very dark.

Lundy North [t.—A great number of small birds all night; Chiffchaffs and Whitethroats killed.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Two Willow- Warblers, two Sedge- Warblers and a Tree-Pipit from 3 to 4am. Wind N.E. 5. Clear.

Skerries Lt.—Several Chiffchalts at 9 p.m. and at mid- night. Wind E. 4 to E.S.E. 3. Very dark.

Smalls Lt.—A few Swallows roosting in the tower windows.

South Bishop [t.—A few Sedge- Warblers and numbers of Whitethroats between 1] p.m. and 2 a.m. Two Manx Shearwaters also seen. Wind E. 8 to S.8.E.2. Clear.

267

Sept. 14th/15th. Withernsea Lt. — A few Sedge-Warblers, 2 a.M.

9

15th/16th.

?

(contd.). 15th.

16th.

Calm. Clear.

Smalls Lt.—From 200 to 300 Swallows passing, from 9tol0am. Wind E.S.E.2. Hazy.

Cromer Lt.—Several Wheatears passing. Wind N.E. Clear.

Anvil Point Lt—A good number of Whitethroats, Willow-Warblers, Spotted Flycatchers, Redstarts and Whinchats from midnight to4a.m. Wind N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Hartland Point [t.—A few Sedge-Warblers at 3 A.M. Wind E. 2. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several small birds seen at ll p.m. Wind S.E.3. Clouds passing.

St. Catherine's Lt. — Large numbers of Willow- Warblers, Whitethroats, Sedge-Warblers and Spotted Flycatchers, with single Song-Thrushes, Wheatears, Garden - Warblers, Chiffchaffs, Tree-Pipits, Pied Flycatchers, Red-backed Shrikes and Turtle-Doves. Many birds seen between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m., but at too great a distance for identification. Wind N.E. 4 to 3. Rain to overcast.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes at 10 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 3. Very dark.

Smalls Lt—A Water-Rail at midnight. Wind E. 2. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt—Numbers of Song-Thrushes and one Yellow Wagtail between 10.30 p.m. and 2.30 4.M. Wind 8.8.E. 2. Clear.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes on the island.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Fifty “Ducks” flying S.S.W. at3pmM. Wind E. 3. Overcast and misty.

» 16th/17th. Anvil Point Lt—Several Meadow-Pipits and Chiff-

chaffs from midnight to 3 am. Wind N.E. 4. Cloudy.

' Bardsey Lt—Three Wheatears, three “ Terns,” and

seyeral Chiffchaffs and Sedge-Warblers from 10 to 11.45 ym. Wind 8.E. 8. Cloudy to starlight and hazy.

S 2

268

Sept. 16th/17th. Flatholm Zt. —- Several Whitethroats and Willow-

”

(contd.).

17th/18th.

Warblers from 1 to 4 a.m. Wind E. 2. Overcast and misty.

Hanois It—A few Redstarts and Yellow Wagtails with a Black Tern and a Turtle-Dove at 11 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 2. Rain.

Hartland Point Lt.—Three Redbreasts between mid- night and 3.a.M. Wind E.1toS.3. Blue sky.

Kentish Knock LIt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks at 6.45 p.m. and3am. Wind E.S.E.2toS.E.2. Misty.

Lundy North Lt.—A large number of small birds from midnight to sunrise; one Redstart killed.

Owers Lt.-v.—A few Redbreasts, Whitethroats and Lesser Whitethroats, Chiffchafts, Willow- and Sedge- Warblers and Spotted Flycatchers from 11 P.M. to 3.30 a.M.; twenty-four birds killed. Cloudy and misty.

St. Catherine's It.—Thousands of birds flying round all night. Hundreds of Redstarts, Whitethroats, Willow-Warblers and Chiffchaffs, smaller numbers of Song-Thrushes, Wheatears, Blackcaps, Garden- and Sedge-Warblers, Spotted and Pied Flycatchers, with a few Starlings, Tree-Pipits, British Redbreasts, Lesser Whitethroats and Grasshopper-Warblers; about a hundred birds killed. 12 to 4.80 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 3. Overcast.

Flatholm Lt.—Many Whitethroats and Willow-War- blers on the island.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Forty to fifty “Ducks” flying S.W. at 10 a.m. Wind E. by 8.2. Overcast and misty.

Anmil Point Lt.—A great number of Whitethroats and Lesser Whitethroats, Chiffchatls, Redstarts, Willow-, Sedge- and Grasshopper-Warblers and Spotted Fly- catchers from 11 p.m. to 4 a.m. Wind N.E. 3. Overcast.

Eddystone Lt.—A Pied Wagtail and two Wheatears at 8 p.m. and two Sedge-Warblers at 11 p.m. Wind W.N.W. 2. Clear.

269

Sept. 17th/18th. Zatholm Lt.—Large numbers of Willow-Warblers, (contd. ). Chiffchaffs and Whitethroats at 2a.m. Wind HE. 2. Overcast and misty.

Hanois Lt.—Three Pied Flycatchers at 2.30 a.M. Calm, overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A moderate number of Sky- Larks and Redstarts at 2 am. Wind N.N.E. 3. Overcast and clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—A few Wheatears, Whitethroats and Lesser Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs and Yellow Wagtails from 9 P.M. to 3.30 a.m. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Hundreds of Whitethroats and Spotted Flycatchers, many Chiffchatts, Lesser White- throats and Sedge-Warblers, with a few Blackcaps, Redstarts, Willow- and Garden- Warblers, Starlings and Song-Thrushes, from 10.30 p.m. to 4 a.m. Many Jalled, also a single Pied Flycatcher and an Aquatic Warbler. Wind N.E. 3. Overcast.

Withernsea Lt.—A few “ Flycatchers,” 3 a.m. Calm, Clear.

5 18th. Anvil Point Lt—Hundreds of Swallows gathering at noon. Wind N.E. 2. Clear.

» 18th/19th. Hanois Lt—A few Sky-Larks and Wheatears from 4to 4.30 a.m. Wind N.E.1to E.1. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v—A few Whitethroats and Chiffchaffs from 6.30 to 6.40 p.m. Misty.

Whitby Lt.—One Wheatear at 12.15 am. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clear.

Winterton Lt—One Redstart at 1.10 am. Wind N.N.W. 2. Overcast.

MS 19th. Anvil Point Lt—Ahbout a thousand Swallows gathering at 8 AM.; not seen after. Wind N. 1. Fine.

South Goodwin Lt.—Several “Swallows” flying S.W. by W.at9 a.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Clear.

Tarne Lt.-v.—Ten “Linnets” flying W.N.W. at 10.80 a.m. Wind N.W. 3. Cloudy.

>

Sept. 19th/20th.

270

Eddystone Lt.—Two Pied Wagtails and three Wheat- eargat 9 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 3,

Spurn Head Lt.—Four “ Flycatchers” at 10 P.M. Wind N. 2. Clear.

Withernsea Lt.—A few “ Flycatchers,” 1 a.m. Calm. Clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A great number of “Swal- lows” on the island.

Eddystone Lt—A Pied Wagtail and a Sedge-Warbler at midnight. Wind N.N.E. 2. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A few Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs, Sedge-Warblers, Spotted Flycatchers, Wheatears, Redstarts and British Song-Thrushes, two Garden- Warblers, a Reed- Warbler, a Sky-Lark and a Starling from 12to4 a.m. Wind N.E.3. Cloudy, overcast at times.

South Foreland Lt—A flock of about 200 Swallows flying S.W. at 94.m. Wind N. 2. Cloudy.

South Goodwin Lt.-v—Several “Swallows” flying S.W. by W. at noon. Wind N.E.2. Clear.

Anvil Point It.—Several Whitethroats, Chiffchaffs and Spotted Flycatchers from 1 to 4 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 3. Misty.

Smalls [t.—-A few Wheatears, 3 a.m. Wind N.E. 2. Overcast.

Moon, First Quarter.

Cromer Lt.—Large numbers of “ Finches,” “ Pipits ” and Wheatears flying about the lighthouse all day. Wind §.E. Overcast and misty.

Eddystone Lt.—Two Pied Wagtails seen at 9.50 a.m. Wind E. 3. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—A flock of about 200 “ Linnets” flying S. at 8.30 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 2. Misty.

St. Catherine's Lt—A few Whitethroats, Sedge-War- blers, Chiffchaffs and a Wryneck from 2 to 4.15 a.m, Wind E. 2. Cloudy.

South Foreland Lt.--Six Sedge- Warblers at 11.45 p.m. Wind N. 2. Cloudy and misty.

2

ae

271

Sept. 22nd/23rd. Spurn Head Lt.—One Storm-Petrel at 4a.m. Wind

oe)

”

”

”

(contd.).

28rd.

28rd/24th.

24th.

24th/25th.

E. 2. Dense fog.

Winterton Lt.—Two Sky-Larksat 1.15 a.m. Wind E. Misty.

Anvil Point Lt.—A good many Wheatears seen during the day. Wind W.S.W. 3. Passing showers.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—One hundred ‘“ Ducks” flying S.W. at 9.30 a.m. Wind 8. by W.2. Cloudy and misty.

Eddystone Lt.—A Pied Wagtail and two Sedge- Warblers at 10 p.m. Wind 8.W. 5. Clear.

South Fereland Lt.—One or two Redstarts, White- throats and Meadow-Pipits at 1 am. Wind S8.W. 3. Clear.

Winterton Lt—Two Song-Thrushes, a Sky-Lark and a Pied Flycatcher killed at 4 a. Wind 3.W. 1. Misty.

Anvil Point Li.—A good many Wheatears seen during the day. Wind W.S.W. 38. Passing showers.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Twenty “Black Ducks” at 9.40 a.m. flying S.S.W. Wind S.W.3to4. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—Numbers of “ Linnets ” passing S.atQa.m. WindS.2. Misty.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several Swallows at 9.35 a.m., thirty at 4 pm., flying W.S.W. Wind S.W. 3. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—One Song-Thrush. Wind §.8.W. 2. Misty.

Bardsey Lt—A moderate number of Whitethroats at 11.80 p.m., a few Sedge-Warblers, Spotted Fly- catchers and Willow- Warblers, and a Common Snipe, from 2 to 2.30 a.m. Wind N.W. 4. Dark and heavy rain.

Lynmouth Foreland Lt.—One Land-Rail. Wind W. 4.

Rain.

Skerries Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes, Wheatears and Jack Snipes from 9 to 11 pM. Wind N.N.E, 3. Cloudy.

272 2 Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon. Heavy thunderstorms.

», 25th/26th. Eddystone Lt—A Pied Wagtail and number of

Wheatears at 9.30 p.m. Wind N.W. 4. Clear.

Skerries Lt.—Several Sky-Larks, Blackbirds and a Blackcap. Wind N.N.W.3. Cloudy.

Smalls Lt.—A few Sedge-Warblers and Pied Fly- catchers, a Goldcrest and a Land-Rail. Wind N.W.1toN.E.1. Fog.

Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon.

Cromer Lt.—A large flock of Starlings flying W. at 9am. Wind N.E. Overcast, with rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Three Starlings flying 8.W. at 8.30 a.m. Wind N. 5. Clouds passing.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v—Three Sky-Larks on deck at 10 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 4, Clear.

South Gcodwin Lt.-v.—Several “ Ducks” flying 8. W. at 3.40 P.M., and forty to fifty “small birds”’ N.E. at 4PM. Wind N.N.E. 5. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Nine Sky-Larks at 10.15 a.m. and two at noon flying W.; fifteen Swallows at 10.30 a.m. and four at 1l a.m. flymg W.N.W. Wind N. 4 to N.N.E. 4. Cloudy.

Bardsey Lt—A Water-Rail and several Sky-Larks from 1 to 1.30 am. Wind E. Overcast to cloudy.

Eddystone Lt—A Pied Wagtail at 2 a.m. and a Meadow-Pipit at 5 am. Wind E. 3. Cloudy and misty to clear.

St. Catherines Lt.—Two Sedge-Warblers, White- throats and a Chiffchaff at 3.80 am. Wind N.E. 3. Clear. .

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Sky-Lavlis at 11 p.m. Wind S.8.E. 3. Cloudy but clear,

Bardsey Lt.—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon,

Sept. 27th.

~

)

» 29th/30th.

”

(contd.).

27th/28th.

28th.

29th.

30th.

273

South Forelund Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings passing at noon. Wind S.W.38. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of “ Ducks” flying W. at 2 p.m. and two “ Tit-Larks” flying W.S.W. at 2.30 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 3 to N.E. 2. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—¥our Starlings and a Ringed Plover. Wind N. 4. Cloudy but clear.

Bardsey It.—Several * Linnets,’ Chaftinches and other small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon. Heavy thunderstorms.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many “Sparrows” flying N.W. atllam. Wind8.E.1. Clear, raining.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A. Chafinch on board at 7 a.m. Wind 8.8.E. 38. Overcast.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Six Wheatears flying W. at noon. Calm. Cloudy and drizzling rain.

Full Moon.

Bardsey Lt,—Several “ Linnets,” Chaffinches and other small birds flying N.W. in the forenoon.

Coquet Island Lt—Flocks of Starlings and Sky- Larks on the island all day. Wind E.N.E. 3. Clear.

South Foreland Lt.—About a dozen Swallows flying south at noon. Wind S.E. 3. Rain.

Eddystone Lt—Four Wheatears, two Pied Wagtails at 9.30 pM. Wind N.1. Clear.

Cequet Island Lt.—F locks of Starlings and Sky-Larks on the island all day. Wind 8.W. 1. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few “ Sparrows ” at 10.30 a.m. Wind W.1. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—F locks of “ Black Ducks” flying S. at 8 and 8.30 a.m.; two Sky-Larks at 8.30 a.m. flying 8.S.W., and a dozen “ Ducks ” flying S.W. at 3.15 p.m. Wind N.E. 2 to N.W. 8. Clear to misty and fog.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Twenty “Ducks” flying S.8.W. at 10 a.m. Wind N. 2. Cloudy and misty.

274

Sept.30th/Oct.1st. Cromer Lt—A few Starlings at midnight. Wind

Oct.

”

”)

”?

Ist.

2nd.

ord.

drd/4th.

Ath,

S.W. Overcast and misty.

Coquet Island Lt.—Flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings on the island all day. Wind 8.1. Misty.

Smith's Knoll Lt.-v—Two Tree-Pipits flying W. at Gam. WindS.W. 2. Overcast and misty.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—A hundred and fifty “Swallows ” flying S.S.W. at 9.15 a.m. Wind 8. 3. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of Starlings flying W. at 7.30 aM. Wind 8.E. by E. 4. Cloudy.

Coquet Island Lt.—F locks of Starlings and Sky-Larks on the istand all day. Wind 8.W. 5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Starlings flying W.S.W. at 9.30 a.M. and a few Chaflinches flyng W.N.W. at 3P.M. Wind W.N.W.1to8.2. Misty.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A Swallow seen at 7.15 A.M. ; forty “Sparrows” on board from 8 A.M. to noon; two Starlings at 8.10 a.m. and a flock of “ Ducks” at 10 a.m. flymg 8. by W. Wind N.W. 2 to calm. Fog.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Ten Tree-Sparrows flying W. at 9a.M. WindS.W.1. Fog.

Coquet Island Lt.—Flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings on the island all day. Wind 8.E. 3. Overcast.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several “Swallows” flying S.W. at noon, Wind 8.8.W. 5. Overcast, misty rain.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of Swallows flying S. at 7.20 a.m. Wind 8.W. 4. Cloudy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Two Dunlins at 1 am. Wind W.S.W. 4. Cloudy but clear,

Coquet Island Lt.—Vlocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings on the island all day. Wind E. 1. Clear,

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Four Swallows flying S.W. at 8 a.M. - Wind W.S.W. 5. Clear.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—-Twenty-five Swallows flying S.W. at 2.15 p.m. Wind 8.S.W.7. Clear.

Oct.

”

”

Pd

”

dth.

6th.

6th/7th.

7th.

7th/8th.

Sth.

8th/9th.

219

Coquet Island Lt—F locks of Sky-Lacks and Starlings on the island all day. Wind S.E.7. Clear.

North Geodwin Lt.-v.—Four Swallows flying 8.W. at 11 a.m. Wind S.W. 6.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Four Wheatears flymg W. at 3p.M. Wind W.S.W. 1. Clouds passing.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Coguet Island Lt—F locks of Starlings and Sky-Larks on the island all day. Wind W.S.W. 6. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—Four Reed-Warblers on deck at 2@a.M. Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several “small birds” flying S.S.W. all day. Wind 8.W.7 and 8. Cloudy and

misty.

Spurn Head Lt—Two Knots, 11 pM. Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—Flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings on the island all day. Wind §.S.E. 8. Cloudy and raining.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A flock of “ Ducks” flying S.S.W. at 6.15 am. Wind 8. by W. 4. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—One or two Swallows flying S.and 8.W.

between 5.45 and8 a.m. Wind 8.W. 4 to S.S.W. 5. Cloudy.

Smalls Lt.—One Chaffinch in the early morning. Wind W.N.W. 5. Clouds passing.

Coquet Islund Lt.—Flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks on the island all day. Wind S.W. to N.W. 4.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—F ive Swallows flying 8.8. W. at 10 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 5. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—Small flocks of Sky-Larks seen during the day.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and Starlings with some Meadow-Pipits, between 10.10 p.m. and 3.15 a.m.; over 100 birds killed. Wind 8. by W.38. Rain.

Spurn Head Lt—Three Sky-Larks at 9 p.m. Wind N.W. 5. Blue sky and clear.

276

Cromer Lt.—A large flock of Starlings flying S. at 6.30 a.m. Wind N.N.W. 4. Clear.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Small flocks of Starlings, Sky-Larks and Tree-Sparrows flying N.W.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of “ Ducks” flying W.S.W. at 6.45 P.M. Wind W.S.W. 38. Cloudy.

Hanois It.—Two Knots at 2 a. Wind 8.8.W. 7. Cloudy and squally.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One Sky-Lark at 11.80 P.m. Wind 8.8.W. 3. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—A large number of Sky-Larks from 11 p.mM.to2 a.m, Wind S.W. 4. Overcast.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A Garden-Warbler, a Storm- and a Fork-tailed Petrel, at 2.30 a.m. Wind S.W, 3. Rain.

Winterton Lt.—-A few Starlings from 10.45 to 11.30 p.m.; one Siskin at4 a.m. Wind 8.4. Rain.

Coquet Island Lt—Flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks on the island all day. Wind S.S.E.6. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Starlings and “ Sparrows” flying N.W.,10 to 11.80 am. Wind S.W.5. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A Brambling on board at 6.30 a.M.; twenty “ Ducks” flying 8.8.W. at 7 a.M.; large flocks of Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. and 8.5.W. during the day. Wind 8. by W. 4 to S.S.W. 5. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. at noon. Wind 8. 4. Clear.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks fiying apparently 8. from 12.30 to 38 a.m. Wind 5. 4. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 11 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Overcast but clear, Many Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Blackeaps, Sky- Larks and Starlings from 2.30 to 3.50 am. Wind 8.8.W.3. Misty rain,

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Many Starlings and Sky- Larks with a few Song-Thrushes and two Moorhens between 9.40 p.m. and 4.10 a.m.; 111 birds killed. Wind 8. 5 to S. by W. 5. Overcast, with rain.

Oct. 10th/11th. (contd.).

ay Teh,

» 1th/12th.

217

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and other small birds from 9P.M.to 5a.M. Wind 8.8.W. 6. Clouds passing.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—A few Song-Thrushes, Meadow- Pipits and Starlings from 10 to 11 p.m., and a large number of Starlings from midnight to 4a.m. Wind S. 6. Overcast and raining.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Starlings, Knots, Sky-Larks and a Razorbill from 3 A.M, to sunrise. Wind 8.W. 4. Hazy, with passing drizzle.

Whitby Lt—One Sky-Lark at 3.a.m. Wind $.W. 4. Clear,

Winterton Lt.—A few Starlings from 10.45 to 11.30 p.m, and a Little Grebe at 11.30 p.m. Wind §.8.W. 4. Rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v—Twelve “Ducks” flying S. at 8 a.M. and six Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. at 9.30 a.m. Wind 8. by W. 4. Clear.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks at 7 AM. and afew at 9 a.m. flying W.S.W.; six Tree- Sparrows on deck at 10 am. Wind SS.W. 5. Clear.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Starlings flying W. during the day. Tarne Lt.-v.—A few “small birds” flying W. at 9.45 and 10.30 a.m. Wind 8.5. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Starlings and Sky-Larls with a few Blackcaps from 2 to 4 a.m. Wind W.2 to W.N.W. 2. Clear but raining.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and Starlings with two Water-Rails between 10.15 p.m. and 2.40 a.m.; 101 birds killed. Wind S.W.5toS.S.W. 4. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Longsand Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks at 3 am. Wind S.W.5. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A Starling at 5 am. Wind W.1. Clear.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A Blackcap and a Storm-Petrel, 4.50 am. Wind S.S.W. 4. Rain.

Oct.

”

9

99

11th/12th. (contd.).

12th.

12th/13th.

13th.

Smith’s Knoll Lt.-v.— A fair number of Starlings and Sky-Larks at 9 p.m., and two Water-Rails at 3 a.m. Wind 8.E. 6 ta 8.W. 3. Overcast to clear.

Winterton Lt.—A Sky-Lark at 9.30 p.m. Wind $. 3. Overcast, with misty rain.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches, 8 P.M., and hun- dreds of Starlings at midnight. Wind S.S8.W. 6 to 6. Clear to rain.

Cromer It.—A large flock of Larks flying S. at 3.30 P.M, Wind 8.8.W, 4. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many Chaffinches with a few Bramblings and Meadow-Pipits at 9 A.M.; many Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, and Sky-Larks from 11 a.m. to 1.30 p.m.; a few ‘ Plovers” and many “Sparrows” and three “Sparrow-Hawks” at2.50P.M., all flying N.W. Wind §.8.W. 2. Clear to cloudy with rain.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Large flocks of Starlings,

Sky-Larks, Chaftinches and Tree-Sparrows flying WNW.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Two Starlings on board at noon. Wind S.W. by S. 2. Clear.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A Song-Thrush at 3.80 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 4. Rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks, Starlings and Greenfinches from 1 to 2.30 a.m. Wind S8.W. 4to5. Clear.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—A fair number of Starlings with a few Song-Thrushes, Tree-Sparrows, and a Kingfisher from 9.50 p.m. to4.10 a.m. Wind 8.W. 9. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—A Little Grebe at midnight. Wind S.W. 3. Blue sky and clear.

Cromer Lt.—A fair number of Sky-Larks and “ Swal- lows” flying S.W. at 1.80 p.m. Wind S. 4. Misty.

Longsand Lt.-v—A few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks flying N. at 6 am. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clouds passing.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Three Swallows flying S.W. by S. at'6 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 6. Clear.

Oct.

13th.

(contd.).

”

”?

”

)

”

13th/14th.

14th.

14th/15th.

15th/16th.

16th/17th.

279

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v.—A large number of “ Rooks” flying W. by S. at noon and thirty Chaffinches on deck at5p.m. Wind 8.6 to W.5. Clear.

Coquet Island Lt.—One Woodcock at 2 am. Wind S. 5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Starlings and Green- finches at 4 a.m. Wind W.N.W. 2. Clear.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches at midnight. Wind 8.W. 5. Clear.

New Moon.

Coquet Island Lt.—Four Woodcocks on the island, left for the S.W. at 3pm. Wind 8.8.W. 7. Clear.

South Goodwin Lt.-v.-Several “ Ducks” flying S.W. at 9 and 11.80 am. Wind 8.8.W. Cloudy and misty.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v—Many Starlings, with a few Song-Thrushes, Tree-Sparrows and a Water-Rail from 10.20 p.m. to 340 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 4 to S.S.W. 4. Overcast, with rain.

Longsand Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks at 9 P.M. and 3 a.m. Wind W. by 8. 5 to 6. Blue sky.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches all night. Wind W.S.W. 4. Clear. ;

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes and Sky- Larks from 9 P.M. to daylight. Wind W.S.W. Clear.

Leman and Ower It.-v.—Several Song-Thrushes, Star- lings and Chaffinches from 8.15 p.m. to 4.50 a.m. Wind S8.W. 4 to S.S.W. 5. Overcast, with drizzling rain at times.

Longsand Lt.-v.—A moderate number of Sky-Larks and a dozen Blackbirds at 6 p.m. Wind 8.W. 5. Clouds passing.

St. Catherine's It—A Song-Thrush at midnight. Wind S.8.W. 8. Cloudy.

Winterton Lt.—One Song-Thrush at 12.10 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 3. Overcast, drizzling mist.

Longsand Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and a few Black- birds flying N. at 6 am. Wind S.S.W. 5 to 6. Cloudy, raining.

Oct.

17th.

(contd.).

”

17th/18th.

18th,

18th/19th.

39

19th.

280

Spurn Head Lt.—A flock of “ Geese” flying S.at noon. Wind W.S.W. 4. Blue sky and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Eight Sky-Larks flying W. at 1] a.m. Wind $.8.W. 7. Cloudy and raining.

St. Catherine's It.—A Firecrest and a Storm-Petrel at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 1. Clear.

Longsand It.-v.—A few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks flying N.E. at 6 ar. Wind S.W.4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Large numbers of ‘ Sparrows,” Chaf- finches, Sky-Larks and Starlings flying S., S.S.W. and 8.8.E. from 9 a.m.to12.40 p.m. Wind 8.S.W.3 to W. by 8. 2. Clear to rain.

Varne Lt.-v.—-A flock of “ Ducks” flying W.S.W. at 9am. Wind §. by W. 4. Cloudy.

Winterton Lt.—A number of “Grey Linnets” seen during the day.

Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Blackbirds from 1 a.m. to daylight. Wind W.S.W., fresh. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A large number of Sky-Larks and a few Starlings from 8 p.m, to midnight. Wind W.N.W. 3. Clear, but overcast.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—A fair number of Starlings with a few Blackbirds and Chaffinches from 7.40 to 9.20 p.m. Wind §. 8. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Winterton It.—A Song-Thrush at 11.80 p.m. and a Chaffinch at 1.15 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 2. Fog.

Withernsea Lt.—Several Chaffinches, 9 p.m. Wind S.W. 3. Misty rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Four large flocks of Sky-Larks flying W. between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m; about twenty “‘ Sparrows” on board. Wind W.N.W. 3. Clear.

N. Goodwin Lt.-v.—A flock of Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. at 9 a.m. and Starlings flying W.N.W. at 10 a.m. Wind W.2. Misty.

Owers Lt.-v—Numbers of Chaffinches, Sky-Larls, Starlings and other small birds flying 8. and S.S.W. all day. Wind W.1toS. by W. 4. Clear.

Oct.

19th.

(contd.).

» 19th/20th.

”

”

20th.

20th/21st.

281

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Chaffinches, “ Grey Linnets ” and Sky-Larks to the W., Starlings to the W.N.W,, and “ Rooks” to the N.W. between 9 a.M. and 3.45 p.m. Wind W.3to §.8.W. 5. Blue sky and clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of Starlings flying N.W. at 6.30 am. Wind S.W. 2. Cloudy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Chaf- finches from midnight to3a.M. WindS.W.4. Blue sky with clouds, clear.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—Several Starlings and Chaf- finches at 8.20 p.m. Wind 8.W. 4. Clear.

Longsand [t.-v.—A few Sky-Larks flying apparently N.at6Gpm. WindS.W. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine’s Lt—A few Starlings and a Black- headed Gull from 11 P.M. to 3a.M. Wind W. 4. Showery..

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Sky-Larks and a Chaffinch at ll pm. Wind W.38. Hazy.

Winterton It—Three Starlings, a Sky-Lark and a Chaffinch from 7 to 8.40 p.m.; a Weoodeock at 4.30 a.m. Wind §8.8.W. 3. Misty to clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Several flocks of Starlings flying E. towards land all day.

Owers Lt.-v—Numbers of Chaffinches and Starlings flying S. and 8.8.W. between 9 and 11.50 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 6. Cloudy and raining.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to the W.N.W., many Chaffinches and Sky-Larks to the W., and “ Rooks” to the N.W. between 10 a.m, and 3.40 p.m. Wind S.8.W. 7 to S.W. by 8.6. Clear.

Longsands Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks at 9 p.m. Wind S.W. Cloudy and raining.

Spurn Head Lt.—<A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 10pm. WindS.W.4. Clear, with passing showers,

Withernsea Lt—Several “ Snow-Buatings”’ at mid- night. Wind 8,W.3. Clear,

Bishop Rock Lt.—¥ locks of Starlings and a few Sky- Larks flying E. towards land all day. ay

Oct.

21st.

(contd.).

”

”

”

21st/22nd.

22na/25rd.

23rd.

24th.

24th/25th.

282

Longsand Lt.-v.—Many Chaffinches and some “Crows” flying N. and Larks to N.E. in the forenoon. Wind S.W. Clouds passing.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W. at noon and2 p.m. Wind W. by N.3. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and a few Chaffinches flying W., a few Rooks to the N.W., between 10 A.M. and 12.10 p.m.

Chicken Rock, Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and Thrushes from ] A.M. to daylight. Wind W.S.W. 5. Rain.

Winterton Lt.—A Starling at 6 p.m., and a Chaffinch at 7 pM. Wind S.W.4toS.W.3. Rain to clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About 40 “ Crows” flying N.W. at 10 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 3. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.—Flocks of Starlings flying N.W. and W. by S., and Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. and W.N.W. during the morning. Wind W. by 8.3. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks with smaller numbers of Chaffinches and “ Linnets” to the W., Starlings to the W.N.W., and “ Rooks” to the N.W. between 10.15 a.m. and 3.15p.mM. Wind 8.W.4 to 6. Clear.

Spurn Head LIt.— One “Flycatcher” at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 4. Clear, with passing showers.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—About twenty Tree-Sparrows on board all day. Wind 8.8.W. 5. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Five Sky-Larls flying E.N.E.at10.204.m, Wind N.W. 8. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—A flock of Sky-Larks flying W. at 12.10 p.m. and of Starlings flying W.N.W. at 2.40 p.m. Wind W.6. Clear.

Anvil Point It—A single Sky-Lark at 4 aM. Wind W. 3. Clear. :

St. Catherine's Lt—A few Starlings and a Blackcap irom ]2to4 am. WindS.4. Rain.

283

Anvil Point Lt.—A flock of “‘ Swallows ” resting on the telephone wire at sunrise, left for the S, at 7.80 a.m. Wind W.N.W.3. Fine and clear, heavy rain during the night.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to the W.N.W., ‘‘ Rooks” to the N.W. and Chaffinches and Sky-Larks to the W. between 9.15 a.m. and 2.50 P.M. Wind W. by N. 5 to N.W. 4. Blue sky, clear.

Bardsey Lt.—A fair number of Blackbirds and Song- Thrushes with a few Sky-Larks at 4 a.m, Wind S.E. 5. Overcast.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks and Starlings at ll p.m. Wind W. by N. 3. Misty.

St. Catherines Lt.—A few Starlings and a Sky-Lark, 3a.M. Wind N.E.5. Passing showers.

Spurn Head Lt,—A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at ll p.m. Wind N.W.4. Blue sky, hazy.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v—Many large flocks of Sky-Larks flying W.N.W. and Starlings N.W. and several small flocks of Chaffinches flying W.N.W. up to 3 P.M.; about thirty “Sparrows” flying N.W. at 11 aM. Wind 8. 4. Clear.

North Goodwin It.v.—A flock of Sky-Larks flying N.W. at 9 a.m. Wind S.W. by S. 4. Clear.

Hanois Lt.—A few Starlings and Song-Thrushes at llpm. Wind S8.8.W.6, Rain, squally.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings and Sky-Larks with a few Redwings from 3 to 6 a.M. Wind E.N.E. 4 to 5. Thick misty rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks, Starlings and other small birds from 2 to5 a.m. Wind 8.8.E. 4. Overcast and raining.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Great numbers of Starlings and several Song-Thrushes, 4 to 5 a.m. Wind N.E. 5. Rain.

South Bishop It.—A flock of Starlings at 3 a.m. Wind E. 8. Clear. Spurn Head Lt.—Six Starlings and a Lapwing at 10 P.M. Wind E.6. Cloudy and raining. T 2

Oct. 26th/27th. (contd.).

BP arene

» 2/th/28th.

* 28th.

, 28th/29th.

284

Withernsea Lt.—Several ‘“ Snow-Buntings” at mid- night. Wind N.W.5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks and Starlings flying S.W. and W.N.W. respectively at 10.30 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 4 to 5, Thick misty rain.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—F ifty Sky-Larks and other small birds from 3 to 4 P.M. Wind E.S.E.4. Heavy rain.

Owers Lt.-v.—About 100 Chaffinches round the ship at 10.20 am. Wind E.N.E. 7. Overcast, with misty rain.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks flying W. between 3 and 3.40 p.m. Wind E. by N.7. Clear, passing rain.

South Bishop Lt.—A fair number of Greenfinches and Chaffinches on the rock all day ; four Blackbirds and

a “Sparrow-Hawk” seen on the rock between 10 and ll a.m. Wind E.8. Clear.

South bishop Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Sky-Larks

and Greenfinches between 11.80 p.m. and 2.45 a.m. Wind E.8 to E.N.E. 7. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Knots at 11.80 pw. Wind W.N.W. 5. Cloudy but clear.

Withernsea It.—Several Woodcocks all night. Wind N.W.6. Clear.

Full Moon.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Single Starlings flying E. towards land during the day.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large quantities of Field- fares, Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings and Chaffinches on the island and flying N.

Owers Lt.-v.—About sixty Sky-Larks round the ship at 7 A.M ; numerous small birds and “ Swallows” flying N.W. and N.N.W. from 7.10 a.m. to 4,10 p.m. Wind N.E. &. Overeast and raining.

Whitby Lt.—Three “Snow-Buntings” seen at 3.30 p.m. Wind N.E. 4.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Starlings from 10 to 11 p.m. Wind N.E. 8. Thick misty

rain.

Oct. 28th/29th.

289

North Goodwin Lt.-v.-Many Sky-Larks and Starlings from 10 p.m. to midnight. Wind S.E. 3. Overcast, with misty rain.

Bishop Rock Lt.— A few Starlings and Sky-Larks flying E. towards land during the day.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks flying N. atnoon. Wind 8.W. 5.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Fieldfares, Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings aud Chathnches on the island and flying N.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Forty Sky-Larks and twenty Starlings flying N.N.W. at 5pm. Wind N.W. by W.4. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.— Numbers of “Sparrows,” Sky-Larks, Chaffinches and Starlings flying 8S. and 8.8. W. from 6.50 a.m. tol1l.20a.m. Wind N.E.6.toN.5. Over- cast and raining to clear.

Cromer Lt.—Large flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks flying N. at noon. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many large flocks of Sky-Larls and Starlings flying W.N.W. from 9 am. t: 2 P.M. and about fifty “Crows” flying N.W. at 11 a.m. Wind N.W.2. Clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Fieldfares, Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings and Chaftinches on the island and flying N.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. at 9 a.m. and Starlings flying W.N.W. at 10 a.m, and thirty small birds flying W. by N. at noon. Wind N.N.W.3 to W. 1. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.— A few “&parrows” and Chaffinches flying S. from 9.30 to 10.5 a.m. Wind N. 2. Fog. Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many “ Rooks” and Starlings to the W.N.W. and Sky-Larks to the W. between 11 a.m. and 3.50p.m. Wind N.W.3 to W.2. Misty to blue

sky and clear.

South Bishop Lt.—¥ive “ Crows” flying HE. towards land at 10 a.m. Wind E. 5. Clear.

South Bishop Lt,—Five Greentinches at 8 p.m. Wind H. 6) Cleax:

Oct. 30th/31st.

(contd.). of olst. Nov. Ist. » Ast/2nd.

286

Spurn Head Lt.— Two Song-Thrushes at 1 A.M. Wind N. 3. Blue sky and clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Fieldfares, Redwings, Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings and Chaffinches on the island and flying N. Woodcocks arrived.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Two Jackdaws on board at 7 aM. Wind E. by N. 4. Clear. Forty Starlings flying W.N.W. at 2.30 p.m. Wind E. 5. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Ahbout ninety Starlings and five “Robins” flying S. between 10.40 a.m. and 3.30 p.m. Wind N.E. 4. Fog.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of StarlingstoW.N.W., many Sky-Larks and a few Chatlinches flying W. from 9.40 a.m. to 3.10p.mM. Wind H.N.E. 5. Clear, with passing rain to overcast with rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Woodcocks near the light. Wind 8.W. 4. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Many flocks of Sky-Larks and Starlings flying W. all day; several ‘‘ Wrens” and Chaflinches on deck. Wind E. 1. Overcast, but clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks flying N.W. at 7 AM. and Chaflinches flymg W. by N. at 4 p.m. Wind E. 4 to 2. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—A flock of Starlings to the S.S.W. at 9a.mM. Wind E.N.E.3 to N.E. 3. Overcast to foe.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings toW.N.W. Sky-Larks with many Chaflinches and a few “ Red-Linnets” flying to the W. all day. Wind FE. 4 to N. 2. Overcast.

Whitby Lt.--Many Redwings, Song-Thrushes and Sky- Larks flying W. from 4 a.m. to noon. Wind E. 8. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings at 10 p.m. and a few Redwings at midnight. Wind i. 3. Clear:

Kentish Knock Lt-v.—Large numbers of Starlings, Sky-Larks and Chaffinches from 6 P.M. to midnight. Wind E.S.E. 1. Overcast but clear.

Nov. Ist/2nd.

287

Lundy Island North It.—A large number of Starlings from 6 p.M. to midnight. Hazy and misty rain.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Mary Starlings and Chaffinches with a few Redwings and six Woodcocks between 6.80 and 10 p.m. Wind N. 2 to N.N.E. 1. Overcast, fog.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Song-Thrushes at 10 P.M. Wind W.N.W. 4, Cloudy but clear.

North Goodwin It.-v.—Twelve Chaffinches flying W.N.W. at 3 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 2. Clear.

Whitby Lt—A Woodcock flying W. at 8.30 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 3. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Starlings at 10 p.m. ; a few Sky-Larks and an “ Owl” at midnight. Wind W. 2. Clear.

Hanois Lt.—A Song-Thrush and a few Starlings killed between 12.30 and 2 a.m. Wind N. 2 to N.E. 2. Overcast and drizzling rain.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks and Starlings all night. Wind NV. 2. Overcast and misty.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A large number of Starlings from 6 p.m. to midnight. Haze and misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt.—Several Starlings with a few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind N.1. Overcast.

Spurn Head Lt.—Three Starlings and two Storm- Petrels at 9 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Fog and mist.

Winterton Lt.—A Starling, 6 p.m, Overcast, drizzling mist.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. at 2 p.m. and many Starlings flying N.W. at 2.30 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 2. Overcast but clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Some Sky-Larks flying W.SW. at 9 a.m., and Starlings flying W.N.W. at 11 a.m.; one Chaffinch taken. Wind N.2. Fog.

Owers Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks, “Sparrows,” Chaf- finches and other small birds flying S. between 8.20 and ll am. Wind N.1to2. Fog.

288

Hanois Lt.—A few Starlings between 2.30 and 3 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 8. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

Lundy Island North Lt—Large numbers of Starlings from 6 P.M. to midnight. Haze and misty rain.

St. Catherine's [t.—Several Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings, 10 p.m. to midnight. Wind E. 2. Overcast.

South Bishop [t.—A flock of Starlings at 9.30 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 3. Clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Starlings, ten Knots and a Goldcrest from 9 to 11 pm. Wind E. 1 to N.W. 3. Fog.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Cromer Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings, Sky-Larks and Lapwings flying N.all day. WindS.W. Fine.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v—A great many large flocks of Starlings, Sky-Larks and Chaffinches flying W.N.W. all day; many small flocks of “Crows” and “ Sparrows ” flying N.W. all day. Wind N.N.E 2. Overcast, but clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many “ Rooks ” to N.W., Starlings to W.N.W. and Sky-Larks with a few “ Linnets ” flying to the W. between 9.40 a.m. and 1.10 p.m. Calm. Overcast.

Bardsey Lt.—Many Blackbirds, Redwings and Starlings with six Water-Rails flying apparently 8. at mid- night. Wind 8.S.W. 5. Overcast.

Bishop Rock Lt.—A good many Blackbirds, Redwings Fieldfares, Sky-Larks and Starlings, with one or two Woodcocks, ‘‘ Rock-Pipits,” ‘ Redstarts ” and Gold- crests, a single “ Snow-Bunting ” and a “ Brown Owl” round the light from 5 p.m. to daylight. Wind 8S. 3. Overcast.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and Song-Thrushes from 6 p.m. to daylight. Wind S. Clear.

Eddystone It.— A number of Song-Thrushes and Starlings with a few Sky-Larks from 11 P.M. to 2am. Wind S.E. 2. Clear.

Noy. 4th/dth. (contd.).

”

”

oth.

5th/6th.

289

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings from 6 p.m. to midnight. Haze and misty rain.

St. Catherine's Lt—Hundreds of Starlings, a Sky-Lark and a Storm-Petrel from sunset to midnight. Wind KE. 2. Overcast.

Seven Stones Lt.-v.— A few Water-Rails, 10 p.m. Wind S.E. 3. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt.—A few Biackbirds, Redwings, Meadow- Pipits and Starlings between 8 and 11.20p.m. Wind S.W. 4. Drizzling rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—Large numbers of Knots and many Redwings, Fieldfares, Blackbirds and Starlings, also a few Lapwings and Golden Plovers, a “ Rail” and a Golderest; 148 birds killed. Wind 8.W.2 to3. Fog.

Bishop Rock It,—Many birds passing S. all day, but at too great a distance for identification.

Bull Point Lt.—A very large flock of Starlings flying W. at 4 P.M.

Cromer Lt.-—A few Starlings flying N. all day. Wind S.S.W. Clear.

Inner Dowsing Lt.-v.—A few Starlings and Blackbirds and a Woodcock passing to N.W.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W. at 10 and 10.30 a.m., and six small flocks of “ Sparrows ” and Chatfinches flying W.N.W. between 10 a.m. and noon. Wind 8.1. Blue sky and clear.

South Bishop Lt.—A flock of Starlings on the rock and a Woodcock flying W. at 9 am. Wind S.W., 4. Passing showers.

Bardsey Lt.— Thousands of Blackbirds, Redwings, Song-Thrushes and Starlings; many Water-Rails; several Fieldfares, Jack-Snipes, Common Snipes, Lap~ wings, Woodcocks, Ringed Plovers and many other birds unidentified flying apparently S. from 10 P.M. to 5 am. About 2600 Blackbirds, Redwings, Song- Thrushes and Starlings, 50 Water-Rails, 16 Common and Jack-Snipes, 5 Fieldfares, 2 Woodcocks,a Lapwing and a Ringed Plover killed. Wind N.N.W. 3. Drizzling rain.

Noy. 5th/6th.

”

(contd.).

6th.

6th/7th.

290

Bishop Rock Lt.—Many Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes, Sky-Larks, Meadow-Pipits and Starlings with four Woodcocks trom sunset to midnight. Wind 8. 2. Clear.

Chicken Rock LIt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and Song-Thrushes from 6 P.M. to daylight. WindS.W. to N.W. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.— A large number of Starlings with a few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Sky-Larks and “Warblers” from midnight to 2 a.m. Wind N.E. 1. Clear.

Seven Stones Lt.-v.—A few Woodcocks and Chaffinches at 8pm. Wind S.W. 2. Overcast.

South Bishop Lt—Many Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Starlings with a few Chaflinches and Sky-Larks from 8 P.M. to 8 a.M.; 111 birds killed. Wind N.N.W.38toN.1. Rain.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Many birds passing S. all day, but at too great a distance for identification.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W. at 10.40 a.M.and noon. WindS.2. Blue sky and clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Four Chaffinches flying N. at 1.20 P.M. Wind #.8.E. 2 to $1.1. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.-—Many Starlings and “ Rooks” to N.W. and a few Chaffinches and “ Linnets” to the W. between 10.10 a.m. and4p.mM, Wind N.N.E. 5 to N.E. 3. Blue sky, clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Bull Point Lt—Several Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings from 12.30 to 1 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 4 Cloudy but clear.

Eddystone Lt_—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Red- wings, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings all night. Wind N.N.W. 3. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks and Chaffinches from 7 to 11 p.m. Wind S.E. 1. Blue sky and clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Sky-Larks and some Chaffinches from 9to ll Pm. Wind N. 3 to N.W. 1.

Nov.

6th/7th.

(contd.).

”?

”

”

7th.

7th/8th.

8th.

8th/9th.

9th.

291

Spun Head Lt.—One or two Starlings, “ Crows,” Storm-Petrels and a Snow-Bunting at midnight. Wind N. 3. Cloudy but clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing S.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Forty “ Crows” flying W.N.W. at noon. Wind N. 3. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Great numbers of Blackbirds and Song-Thrushes from 6 P.M. to daylight. Wind W.3. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings with a few Red- wings, “ Plovers” and a single Woodcock from 1 to3amM. Wind N.3. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing S.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Flocks of Sky-Larks flying W. at 10 a.m. and at noon. Wind N.N.E. 4. Blue sky and clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Four Chaffinches flying N. at 8 am. Wind N.E. by N. Fog.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Gyreat numbers of Blackbirds and Song-Thrushes from midnight to daylight. Wind W.4. Clear.

Eddystone Lt.,—A large number of Starlings withafew . Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Sky-Larks at mid- night. Wind E.N.E. 5. Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Sky-Larks, Starlings and Chaffinches from 8 to 10 p.m. Wind N.3. Blue sky with clouds.

Winterton Lt.—A Starling, 6 p.m. Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—Twenty ‘“ Crows” flying N.N.W. at ll a.m. Wind W. by N.4. Misty.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Thirty “ Crows” flying W.N.W. at 10 a.m. Wind W.3. Misty.

Nov.

9th.

(contd.).

”

9th/10th.

10th.

10th/11th.

11th.

11th/12th. 12th. 12th/13th,

18th.

18th/14th.

292

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Many Starlings with a few “ Rooks” to the N.W., and Sky-Larks and “ Linnets” to the W. between 9.30 A.M. and 1.10 p.m. Wind W.S.W.4 to 8.W. 4.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Longships Lt.—Small flocks of Blackbirds, Song- Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks at 11 P.M. Wind W.N.W. 4. Misty rain.

Bishop Rock Lt,—Birds passing 8.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Twenty ‘‘ Crows” flying W. by N. at noon. Wind W.N.W. 5. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Eddystone Lt.—A single Song-Thrush at 11 P.M. Wind N. 4. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt—A few Starlings and a Storm- Petrel at midnight. Wind W.N.W. 4. Overcast.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing 8.

Eddystone [Lt.—A Chaffinch seen at 7 a.M. Wind N.3 to 4. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Bishop Rock Lt,—Birds passing 8.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Longships LIt.—Small flocks of Blackbirds, Song-

Thrushes and other small birds from 10 p.m. to midnight. Wind N.W. 6. Showery.

New Moon.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing 8.

Bardsey Lt—A number of Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Blackbirds, Fieldfares, Sky-Larks, Starlings, Common and Jack-Snipes, Lapwings, Dunlin and Bar-tailed Godwits flying apparently S. from 1 to 4 A.M. ; a number of “ Wild Ducks” also seen. Wind 8.8. W. to S.E. Drizzling rain.

Bishop Rock Lt,—Birds heard passing.

Chicken Rock Lt.—Hundreds of Song-Thrushes with a

few Blackbirds and Sky-Larks from 1 a.m. to daylight. Wind N.E, Slight haze.

293

Noy. 18th/l4th. St. Catherine’s Lt.—A few Mistle-Thrushes, Song- (contd.). Thrushes, Sky-Larks and Starlings at 1 and at 5am. Wind E.S.E.3. Showery.

South Bishop It—A few Song-Thrushes and Black- birds at 5.30 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 5. Passing showers.

Spurn Head Lt.—Six Knots at 10 p.m. Wind N.W.7. Slight haze.

5 14th. Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—A few Song-Thrushes, Sky-Larks and Starlings flying W. from 10 a.m. to 2 P.M. Wind S. 2. Overcast but clear.

Lundy Island North Lt.—Large numbers of Starlings flying N. from 7.30 a.m. to noon. Wind W. to N. 4to 5. Showery, clear.

yorth Goodwin Lt.-v.—Six Starlings flying W.N.W. at noon. Wind S. by W. 2. Clear.

Owers Lt.-v.—Three Sky-Larks round the ship from 9tol0 a.m. WindS.W.1. Clear.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to N.W. and Sky-Larks to W. between 10.20 a.m. and 3.10 P.M. Wind FE.S.E. 1 to 8. 4 and S.S.E. 4. Clear.

South Bishop Rock Lt—YFour Sky-Larks at 6 a.m. and two Chaffinches at 10 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 5 to N. 3. Passing showers.

» Iidth/15th. Brshop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Dungeness Lt.—Very large numbers of Redwings and many Starlings with a few Song-Thrushes, Fieldfares and Blackbirds arriving apparently from the E. from 6.30 to 7.15 p.m. Wind E.N.E. 3. Rain.

Eddystone It—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Blackbirds and Starlings at midnight. Wind E.N.E. 4, Clear.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v—A few Song-Thrushes, Sky- Larlis, Starlings and Chaffinches from 6 to 11 P.m, Wind 8.E. 3. Overcast but clear.

Owers Lt.-v.— About a hundred Sky-Larks at 10.40 p.m, Wind N.E. 4, Hazy.

Noy. 14th/15th. - (contd.).

”?

?)

”

”

15th.

15th/16th.

16th.

16th/17th.

17th.

294

St. Catherine's It—Hundreds of Starlings and Red- wings, many Song-Thrushes and a Blackbird from midnight to3 a.m. Wind N.E. 4. Rain.

South Bishop It.—Three Blackbirds at 11.80 p.m. and two Song-Thrushes at 2 am. Wind E.S.E. 3. Hazy.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Blackbirds, Starlings and Storm-Petrels. Wind N.N.W. 3. Hazy.

Seven Stones Lt.-v.—A Redwing, 6 a.m. Wind N.E. 5. Clear.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Shipwash Lt.-v.—Large numbers of Starlings to the N.W. and Chaffinches and Sky-Larks to the W.N.W between 9.40 and 11.45 a.m. Wind N.E. 3 to 4.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Eddystone Lt.—A number of Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Blackbirds and Starlings from 10 p.m. to 2 am.; a Golderest at2 a.m. Wind E. 8. Squally.

St. Catherine’s Lt. — Several Starlings with a few Blackbirds, Song-Thrushes and Redwings at 3.30 A.M. Wind E.N.E. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop It.—A Sky-Lark at 11.30 p.m. ; a flock of Curlews and Lapwings with a single Bleckbird at 4am, Wind E.S.E. 5. Hazy.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Cromer Lt.—Six “Wild Ducks” flying S. at 10.380 a.m. Wind E.N.E. Clear.

LIundy Island North Lt,—A few flocks of Starlings flying N.W. from 8 a.m. to noon. Wind E.N.E. 7. Cloudy.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

Hanois It.—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings and

Starlings from 11 to 11.50 p.m. Wind E.7. Rain squalls.

Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds passing south.

Lundy Island North Lt.—A few flocks of Starlings flying N.W. during the forenoon, Wind E. 7. Cloudy.

295

Noy. 17th/18th. Bishop Rock Lt.—Birds heard passing.

”

”

bP)

18th

18th/19th.

19th/20th.

20th.

23rd.

26th.

27th.

28th.

29th.

30th,

Eddystone Lt.—A single Blackbird at 4a.m. Wind E.S.E. 8. Squally.

Eddystone Lt.—Three Starlings flying N.W. towards land at llam. Wind E.S.E. 8.

Eddystone Lt.—Four Redwings at 10 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 8. Squally.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Redwings, Black- birds and Starlings. Wind E.S.E. 5. Clear.

Hanois Lt.—A few Redwings at 2am. Wind E. 38. Blue sky.

Lynmouth Foreland Lt.—Several Song-Thrushes, Red- wings and Water-Rails at 3.20 am. Wind E, 5. Misty.

Moon, First Quarter.

Varne Lt.-v.—Nine “Ducks” flying W. at 10 a.m. Wind N. by E. 38. Cloudy.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One Blackbird flying W. at 10.30 a.m. Wind N.N.W.5. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One “Crow” flying W. at 11.15 a.m., and five small birds flying W.S.W. at 11.40 a.m. Wind N. 6.

North Goodwin Lt.-v—Two Starlings on board at 7am. Wind N. 5. Clear.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—One Greenfinch taken at 4 P.M. Wind W. 3. Overcast.

Full Moon.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—A small bird flying W. at llam. Wind S.8.W. 5. Overcast.

Varne Lt.-v.—A flock of “* Ducks” flying W.N.W. at 6 a.m. Wind 8.W. by W. 6. Cloudy.

Varne Lt.-v.—Two Starlings flying N.W. at 11.80 a.m. Wind 8.W. 8. Cloudy and raining.

Varne Lt.-v.—Seven ‘“ Ducks” flying W.S.W. at 3 P.M. Wind W. by 8.6. Blue sky and clear.

Dee. 2nd, 4th. Fa 8th.

» 9th/10th.

, 10th/I1th.

~

, lith/12th.

- 2th.

» 12th/13th.

13th/14th.

9)

296

Cromer Lt.—Two Woodcocks flying N. at noon. Wind W.. Clear.

Moon, Last Quarter.

Varne Lt.-v.—Three flocks of “ Ducks” flying W. at 10 4.m.,2and3p.mM. Wind N.W. by N.5 to N. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop Lt.—Four Song-Thrushes flying ap- parently S. at 3. 4.mM.; one Water-Rail, 3.50 a.m. Wind W.5. Misty.

St. Catherines [t.—A Redwing at3 am. Wind E, 3. Cloudy. rf

South Bishop Lt.—Six Sky-Larks flying apparently 8. atl a.m. Wind S.W.6. Misty rain.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Redwings, Sky-Larks and Dunlins at 10 pm. Wind E.S.E. 3. Overcast.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Several Sky-Larks and Star- lings from 4 to 7 am. Wind 8.E. by E. 8 to 4. Overcast.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A Starling at 7 p.M.;- dozens of tarlings and Redwings and a Redbreast at 5 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 3. Drizzling rain.

Spurn Head [t.—Six Starlings at 3 a.m. Wind E. 4. Overcast, with passing drizzle.

New Moon.

Bardsey Lt.—Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Red- wings, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and Starlings with a few Jack-Snipes, Woodcocks, Redshanks and Field-

fares flying apparently S. from 10 p.m. to 7 a.M.; 113 birds killed. Wind E.N.E. 8. Overcast.

North Goodwin Lt.-v.—Three Starlings at 11 P.M, Wind E. 4. Overcast, with drizzling rain.

South Bishop It.—Numbers of Song-Thrushes, Black- birds and Sky-Larks flying apparently from the E., from 8 P.M. to 3 A.M. Wind 8.8.E. 4 to E, 4, Overcast to clear.

Eddystone Lt-—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Blackbirds from 9 p.m. to midnight. Wind E.N.E. 6. Clear.

Dec. 13th/14th.

”

”

7

”

”

”

(contd.). 14th.

14th/15th.

15th.

15th/16th.

16th/17th.

17th/18th.

297

South Bishop Lt.—A few Blackbirds apparently from E. at 11 Pp.m.and2am. Wind E. 4. Clear.

Varne Lt.-v.—Twenty Starlings flying S.E. at 10 a.m, Wind EH. by N. 4. Cloudy.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Sky-Larks with a few Song-Thrushes and Redwings at 10 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 8. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt.—A Sky-Lark at 11.30 p.m. and a Starling at 4.30 am. Wind E. 4. Cloudy.

South Bishop Lt.—Numbers of Sky-Larks with a few Redwings and Blackbirds flying apparently from the E, between 5 and 6.80 a.m. Wind E.S.E.4. Blue sky, clear.

Spurn Head Lt.—A few Fieldfares, Starlings and Dunlins from 11 P.M. to midnight. Wind E.S.E. 4. Cloudy but clear.

South Bishop Lt.—“ Snow - Buntings,” Chaffinches, Greenfinches and Starlings on the rock during the day.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Song-Thrushes, Red- wings, Blackbirds, Lapwings and Golden Plover throughout the night. Wind E.N.E. 6. Clouds passing.

South Bishop Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes flying appa- rently from E. at 1030 pm. Wind ES.E. 5, Overcast.

Eddystone Lt.—A large number of Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Golden Plover, with a few Black- birds and Lapwings, all night. Wind E.N.E. 3 to W.N.W. 3. Clear.

St. Catherine's Lt—Several Starlings and Lapwings at 10 p.m.; a Storm-Petrel and a Jack-Snipe at 4.30 a.m. Wind E. 3, rain, to 8.S.E. 2, cloudy.

Eddystone Lt.—A number of Golden Plovers, with a few Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Blackbirds from 6.30 to 9 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 3. Clear. Birds left when the stars came out at 9 P.M.

St. Catherine’s Lt.—A Storm-Petrel at 1 a.m. and a Song-Thrush and Starling at4a.m. Wind N.N.W. 38. Overcast.

U

Dec. 17th/18th.

oP)

PP)

”

”

oP)

(contd.).

18th/19th. 19th/20th.

20th.

22nd.

26th.

298 Spurn Head Lt.—Three Lapwings at midnight. Wind E.N.E. 4. Hazy.

Spurn Head Lt.—Four Starlings at 10 p.m. Wind N.N.W. 6. Clear.

Whitby Zt—One Sky-Lark at 4 a.m. Wind W. 4. Clear.

Moon, First Quarter.

Kentish Knock It.-v—A Moorhen killed. Wind S.E. 7. Thick rain. ;

Full Moon.

Dec.31st/Jan. 1st. Lundy Island North Lt.—One Redwirg killed between

midnight and sunrise. Wind S.8S.W. Cloudy.

299

EIST OF OBSERVERS, ET€.,

from whom NOTES have been received during the AUTUMN of 1909 and the SPRING of igro.

Arranged in Counties alphabetically.

ENGLAND.

BEDFORDSHIRE. Haines, Major G.

BERKSHIRE. Alexander, C. J. Collings, D. W. Cooper, C. Cornish, Rey. J. G. Evans, Miss C. Evans, R. du B. Kleinwort, Miss M. Loyd, Colonel A. P. Tomlinson, A. 8. Wallis, H. M.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE. Buckell, E. R. Farren, W. Storey, G.

CHESHIRE. Boyd, A. W. Coward, T. A. Cummings, 8. G,

v2

300

CHESHIRE (con.). Greg, A. C. Hobkirk, R. Knowles, R. Pownall, F. A. Thorp, Miss. Wilkinson, Miss Eleonor E. M. Wilkinson, Miss Maud Yates, J. M. St. J.

CORNWALL. Harvey, A. W. H. Peter, O. B.

Lieuts. Bishop Rock. Eddystone. Longships. Seven Stones.

CUMBERLAND. Britten, H. Parker, T. C.

St. Bee’s Lighthouse.

DERBYSHIRE. Henderson, J. Jourdain, Rev. F. C. R. Marshall, W. K. Statham, W. N.

DEVONSHIRE.

Agar, Rev. W. Beaumont, W. I. Cleave, H. P. O. D’Urban, W.S. M. Elliot, E. A. 8. Hardy, Rev. J. H. Hodgson, T. V. Morrhead, J. Y. A.

301

DEVONSHIRE (con.). Rousham, A. H. Swinton, A. H. Teschemaker, W. E. Worthington, Rev. J. Wroth, J. Sparrow

Lieuts. Bull Point. Hartland Point. Lundy, North. Lundy, South. Lynmouth Foreland.

DORSETSHIRE. Curtis, W. Parkinson Dodington, H. M. Harper, E. Homan, Rev. Claud Lister, Miss G. Portman, Commander W.

turdy, L.

Wilson, T. W.

Anvil Point Lighthouse.

DURHAM. Lynn, J. C.

ESSEX. Barnes, H. 8. Frohawk, F. W. Hope, G. D. Jones, J. W. B. Kerry, F. Nichols, W. B. Raynor, Rev. G. H. Smith, Mrs. J. Beddall

302

ESSEX (con.).

Licuts.

Galloper. Kentish Knock. Longsand.

GLOUCESTERSHIRE.

McAldowie, A. M. Popham, H. L. Rickett, C. B.

HAMPSHIRE.

Atkins, F. Howard Beeston, H. Butterworth, J. F. Coles, R. E. Griffith, Miss D. Kelsall, Rev. J. E. Kelso, Dr. J. E. H. Kershaw, P.

Lee, W.

Medlicot, W. 8. Munn, P. W.

Lieuts.

Nab. St. Catherine’s., Warner.

HERTFORDSHIRE,

Catling, C. R. Headley, F. W. Leach, H. R. Meiklejohn, R. H. Oldham, C.

Reid, E.

KENT.

Alexander, H. G. Allchin, J H. Austin, F.

303

KENT (con.). Byron, H. 8. D. Elgar, H.. Finlinson, H. W. Holderness, Mrs. Pearce, G. VY. Ticehurst, Dr. C. B. Turner, Miss E. L.

Licuts. Dungeness, Goodwin, East. Goodwin, North. Goodwin, South. South Foreland. Varne.

LANCASHIRE. Altham, Thomas Daniel, D. F. E. Hornby, H. P. O’Hea, Leo. Riley, J. H. Robinson, H. W. Smalley, F. W. Townsend, G. Turney, H. B. Wilson, W.

LEICESTERSHIRE. Frisby, G. Packe, C. J. M.

LINCOLNSHIRE. Blathwayt, Rev. F. L. Haigh, G. H. Caton Sowerby, G. N.

Lieuts. Dowsing, Inner. Dowsing, Outer.

304

MAN, ISLE OF. Crellin, J. C. Leach, F. Ralfe, P. G.

Chicken Rock Lighthouse.

MIDDLESEX. Bannerman, D. A. Catty, Miss Nancy Edelsten, H. M. Henderson, J. (Jun.). Huxley, N. T. Lodge, R. B. Maepherson, A. Holte Meares, W. B. H. Meyrick, Lt.-Col. H. Pattee OC: Russell, Miss F, Russell, H. Spreadbury, W. H. Stone, W. G. Todd, W. A.

NORFOLK. Buxton, Miss M. WackaC: 2B: Danbury, T. W. Hamond, C. A. Hamond, Miss W. E. Monement, W. B. Riviere, B. B. Upcher, H. M.

Liguts.

Cromer.

Cross Sand. Dudgeon. Haisboro’.

Leman and Ower.

305 NORFOLK (coi.).

Lieuts (con.).

Lynn Well. Newarp. Smith’s Knoll. Winterton. Would.

NORTHAM PTONSHIRE. Cattell, W. C. Wright, C. E.

NORTHUMBERLAND. Anderson, Mrs. A. Charlton, Hugh. Pease, Miss Audry Walton, J. 8. T.

Liguts. Coquet Island. Inner Farne.

St. Mary’s.

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. Barnes, Rev. L. C. Marsh, Miss. Pearson, C. E. Russell, Miss M.

OXFORDSHIRE. Fowler, Rev. W. Warde

SHROPSHIRE. Bladen, K. Elliott, J. 8. Forrest, H. E. Hodges, R. W. H. Lang, J. G. Marchant, W. Starkey-Barber, F. Vaughan, E. B.

306

SOMERSETSHIRE. Knight, F. A. Lewis, Stanley Mapleton, H. W. Symes, Joseph H. Turner, A. W. Turners J Lieuts. English and Welsh Grounds. Flatholm.

STAFFORDSHIRE. Bailey, A. B. Bladen, W. Wells Bryan, Bf.

Carter, Miss. Coussmaker, Rey. J. O. Davies, William Keary, Miss A. Masefield, J. R. B. Smith, Thomas Tomlinson, E. H.

SUFFOLK. Caton, Rev. R. B. Cobbold, A. T. Hinde, Col. J. Miller, H. H. L. Parker, D. Tuck, Rev. Julian J. Upcher, Major-General Wilkinson, Miss J. M.

Lieuts.

Outer Gabbard.

Shipwash.

SURREY. Bentham, C. H. Boorman, J. Bradshaw, G. W. Bunyard, P. F. Crostield, J. B.

307

SURREY (con.). Farwig, H. Leeds, Miss G. Maude, Miss F. Nettleship, E. Patterson, Mrs. Carlos Player, Mrs. Shaw, Rev. W. A. Thorburn, A.

SUSSEX. Arnold, E. C. Beecheno, Mrs. Clark, 8. W. Davis, T. W. Field, W. Furley, G. M. Holmes, I. C. J. Horton, W. (Jun.). Monck, Rev. E. F. B. Osmaston, B. B. Sherston, Miss A. Ticehurst, Dr. N. F. Toogood, Rev. C. Wharton, Miss

Owers Light-vessel.

WARWICKSHIRE. Duncalfe, A. Hugh Leigh, A. G.

WESTMORELAND. Cropper, Miss 8. E. Kitching, Miss E. Yates, Miss Mary.

WILTSHIRE. Harrison, Rev. D. P. Kyrle, Miss Money Penrose, Dr. F. G. Temple, G. N. Townsend, R. G.

308

WORCESTERSHIRE. Ashwin, Rev. C. Beeston, T. J. Haddon, Norman G. Heathcote, Geoffrey

YORKSHIRE. Arundel, Major W. B. Clarke, W. J. Cooke, W. Dyer, E. N. Lawton, F. Lees, A. E. Legard, Digby. Milburn, E. Rhodes, G. P. Roberts, T. N. Seppings, Captain J. W. H. Smith, 8. H. Taylor, C. E. Verini, Miss E. Wade, E. W. Wallis, E. A. Watts, Francis Witherby, H. F.

Lieuts. Spurn Head. Whitby. Withernsea.

WALES. ANGLESEY. Licuts. Skerries. South Stack.

BRECKNOCKSHIRE. Davies, C. F.

Gwynne-Vaughan, A.

309

CARDIGANSHIRE. Edwards, Stanley

CARMARTHENSHIRE. Barker, T. W. Powell, L. N. Stephens, D. E.

CARNARVONSHIRE. Orton, Dr. K. J: P. Watts, C.

Lieuts. Bardsey Island. St. Tudwal.

DENBIGHSHIRE. Payne-Gallwey, Miss F. Ruddy, Thomas.

GLAMORGANSHIRE. Evans, H. Perkins, R. Player, W. J. P.

Helwick Light-vessel.

MERIONETHSHIRE, Haines, G. Kirkby, E. W.

MONTGOMERYSHIRE. Jones, J. Hamer

PEMBROKESHIRE. LieHts. Caldy Island. Smalls. South Bishop.

RADNORSHIRE. Owen, O. R.

d10

SCOTLAND. AYRSHIRE. Craig, J.

FIFESHIRE (Istz or May). Baxter, Miss E. V. Rintoul, Miss L. J.

RENFREWSHIRE, Mackeith, T. Thornton

IRELAND.

CO. DONEGAL. Pomeroy, Miss A.

CO. DUBLIN. Benson, Rey. C. A.

CO. KERRY. Delap, Miss M. H.

CHANNEL ISLANDS.

Hanois Lighthouse.

dll

LIST OF LIGHT-STATIONS.

Anvil Point Lt., 55. Bahama Bank Lt.-v., 89. Bardsey Island Lt., 80. Barnsness Lt., 2. Beachy Head Lt., 50. Berry Head Lt., 59. Bishop Rock Lt., 65. Ball Point Lt., 70. Caldy Island Lt., 75. Carnarvon Bay Lt.-v., 81. Chicken Rock Lt., 88. Cockle Lt.-v., 25. Coquet Island Lt., 6. Cork Lt.-v., 34.

Corton Lt.-v., 28. Cromer Lt., 17.

Cross Sand Lt.-v., 26. Douglas Head Lt., 86. Dudgeon Lt.-y., 15. Dungeness Lt., 48.

East Goodwin Lt.-v., 44. Eddystone Lt., 60.

English and Welsh Grounds

Lt.-v., 72. Flamborough Lt., 9. Flatholm Lt., 73, Galloper Lt.-v., 35.

Gull Lt.-v., 43.

Haisboro’ Lt., 20. Haisboro’ Lt.-v., 19. Hartland Point Lt., 67. Helwick Lt.-v., 74. Inner Dowsing Lt.-y., 14.

Inner Farne Lt., 5. Isle-of-May Lt., 1.

Kentish Knock Lt.-v., 36. Languess Lt., 87.

Leman and Ower Lt.-v. 18. Lizard Lt., 61.

Longsand Lt.-y., 37. Longships Lt., 63. Longstone Lt., 4. Lowestoft Lt., 29.

Lundy Island North Lt., 69. Lundy Island South Lt., 68. Lynmouth Foreland Lt., 71. Lynn Well Lt.-vy., 16. Morecombe Bay Lt.-y., 84. Mucking Lt., 40.

Nab Lt.-v., 53.

Newarp Lt.-v., 25.

North Foreland Lt., 41. North Goodwin Lt.-v., 42. Orfordness Lt., 32.

Outer Dowsing Lt.-v., 13. Outer Gabbard Lt.-y., 31. Owers Lt.-v., 51.

Portland Bill Lt., 57,

Royal Sovereign Lt.-v., 49. St. Abb’s Head Lt., 3.

| St. Ann’s Lt., 76.

St. Bee’s Lt., 90. St. Catherine’s Lt., 52. St. Mary’s Lt., 7. St. Nicholas Lt.-v., 27.

| St. Tudwal Li., 79.

Fe ENGLAND axp WALES

English. Mile 1 2 3040 Se

| Geographical Miles j ee ae

|

ent ey Tene ns” Jan) | 56

| |

SxercouH-MAP SHOWING THE POSITIONS OF THE MOST IMPORTANT LiGut-StTATIONS.

Selker Lt.-v., 85.

Seven Stones Lt.-v., 64. Skambles Lt.-v., 56. Shipwash Lt.-v., 33. Skerries Lt., 83.

Smalls Lt., 77.

Smith’s Knell Lt.-y., 22. South Bishop Lt., 78. South Foreland Lt., 46.

South Goodwin Lt.-v., 45.

South Stack Lt., 82. Southwold Lt., 380. Spurn Head Lt., 11.

Spurn Lt.-v., 12. Start Point Lt., 58. Sunk Lt.-v., 38. Tongue Lt.-yv., 39.

Trevose Head Lt., 66.

Varne Lt.-v., 47. Warner Lt.-v., 54. Whitby Lt., 8. Winterton Lt., 24. Withernsea Lt., 10. Wolf Rock Lt., 62. Would Lt.-v., 21.

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