j^z.ocr^^j ^VvVSCUJI) o/ \. ^ 1869 THE LIBRARY BULLETIN or THE BlimSIl ORNITHOLUGISTS' C1.U15. KDITKIi BV W. R. OGILVIE-GKANT VOLUME XXXII. UEPOET ON THE IMMlGBAriONS OF SUMMER E ESI DENTS IN THE SPRING OF 1912: ALSO NOTES ON THE MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS AND RECORDS RECEIVED FROM LIGHTHOUSES AND LIGHT- VESSELS DURING THE AUTUMN OF 1011. BY THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE B1UTI3I1 ORNITHOLOGISTS' CLUB. L 0 X D 0 X : >VITHE]IBY & CO., 32G HIGH HOLBOJIN. SEPTEMBER 1913. BULLETIN BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS' CLUB. ei)Itp:d hy W. K. OGILVIE-GRANT. VOLUME XXXII. REPORT ON THE IMMIGRATIONS OF SUMMER RESIDENTS IN THE SPRING OF 1912: ALSO NOTES ON THE MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS AND RECORDS RECEIVED FROM LIGHTHOUSES AND LIGHT-VESSELS DURING THE AUTUMN OF 1911. BY THE COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE BFJTISII ORNITHOLOGISTS' CLUB. LONDON: WITHEllBY & CO, 326 HIGH HOLBOIIN. SEPTEMBER 1913. -/6.6^^<^y'**-^^ FI.AMMAM. PUINTED BT TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, Ur.I) I.ION COUIIT, n.KKT STRKKT. C 0 N T E N T 8. Peefack Introductory Weather-Report for the Period covered by the Spring- Immigration of 1912 ... Daily Details of Weather-Conditions, avith the corre- sponding Arria'als of the Summer-Residents ... Report on the Immigrations of : — The Ring-Ouzel The Wheatear Map The Whinchat ... The Redstart ... Map The Nightingale Map The AVhitethroat Maj) ... The Lesser Whitethroat Map ... The Blackcap ... Map TAG K 7 13 14 33 35 36 41 45 44 49 48 53 52 59 58 63 62 4 Report on the I.MMKiitATioxs ok (cuntiniicd): — I'AOK Thk Garden-Warblek <37 Map 68 Thk GuASSHOprKK-WARBi.Eii ... ... 71 The Chiffchaff ... ... ... 73 Map 71 The \Vii,low- Warbler ... ... ... ... ... 79 Map 80 The Wood- Warbler ... ... .. ... ... ... 86 The IIekd-Warbleu ... ... .. ... 88 The Sedge-Warbler 91 Map 90 TjiE WiiiTK Wagtail... ... ... ... .. 94 The Yellow Wagtail ... ... ... ... ... 97 Map 96 The Tree-Pii'it 101 Map 100 The Ked-backed Shrike ... .. 105 The Spotted Flycatcher 107 The Pied Flyc.\tcher 110 The Swallow 113 Map 112 The IIouse-Martin 119 Map 118 Thk Sa.nd-Martin ... ... ... ... .. ... 1:23 Map 124 The Swift \'2{) Map 128 The >>'iuhtjar 132 The Wryneck I;j4 IvKPonT ON TiiK Immigrations ok (anitiiDied) -. — The Cuckoo Map The Turtle-Dovk Map The Land-Iiail .. The Common Saxdpu'ek The Common Tern The Little Tern Unscheduled Birds Isolated Records and Single Observations PACK 137 i.sr. 141 142 145 147 150 152 154 177 Details of the Chief Movements observed at the Light- Stations during the Spring of 1912 ... ... ... 185 NoTFS ON Migratory Movements during the Autumn of 1911 214 Isolated Records and Single Observations 279 Details of the Chief Movements observed at the Light- Stations during the Autumn of 1911 ... ... ... 290 List of Observers, etc. List of Light-Stations ErrAta 324 333, 33 if 336' PREFACE. The thirtj-seconJ volume of the British Ornitliologists' Ckib contains the Report of our Mio-ration Committee on the movements in Enoland and Wales of a number of common migratory species during the autumn of 1911 and the spring and early summer of 1912, A slight change has been made in the arrangement of the Weather-Report (pp. 13-31) ; the species occurring day by day being placed at the head of the right-hand column instead of in the column to the left beneath the date ; by this means a con- siderable saving in space has been etfected, but the Report is nevertheless slightly longer than that of the previous year. The winter of 1911-12 was chiefly remarkable for the great invasion of Little Auks, many hundreds of which, having been driven southwards, were blown inland by gales and perished in all parts of the country. The Members of our Migration ('onnnittee are jointly responsible for the following Report. (Signed) W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT, Edito7\ BuiTisir Museum (Natural History), London, S.W. ■I'dth August, 1913. REPORT ON THE MIGRATIONS IN THE SPRING OF 1912 AND THE AUTUMN OF 1911. INTRODUCTORY. This Report, which deals with the autumn-migration of 1911 and the spring-migration of 1912, has been drawn up on the same lines as those previously issued. The number of records supplied by our observers again shows a gratifying increase, and to these have been added many others which had appeared in different publications up to the time these pages were revised. The sections dealing with the records from the light-stations round our coasts will be found somewhat less voluminous than in previous years, and this is chiefly accounted for by the fact that in both seasons under consideration the weather, on the whole, was favourable to the birds during their passage- movements, and consequently unfavourable for making observations at lighl-stations. During the period of the spring-migration, the weather over the area defined in the Report (p. 13), with the exception of a few days, was favourable to migration. During March it was exceptionally mild, and though fre- quently stormy, the winds were mostly from the south-west and seldom of sufficient force to hinder movement, while in April and May it was generally favourable. Consequently, B 10 migration began early (on the Gtli of March) and individuals of many species arrived in various parts of the country on unusually early dates. With the continuance of favourable conditions, the stream of migrants was almost uninter- rupted and the period over which it lasted was proportionally curtailed. From the 6tli to the 24th of March the migration consisted mostly of stragglers, and included only nine species ; but on the 25th our summer-birds began to arrive in force, and from that date till the 3rd of April considerable numbers were arriving daily. The main movement seems to have begun on the 5th of April and to have lasted with but slight fluctua- tions until the 22nd, the period of greatest activity being between the 17th and 22nd. No fewer than twenty-one species were recorded as having arrived on our coasts on the 20th. A second and loss considerable movement took jjlace between the 25th of April and the 1st of May, and the third, a larger one, between the 3rd and 15th of May : thereafter, the number of species arriving dwindled rapidly, and after the 20th migration was apparently confined to small parties of stragglers and finally ceased during the first week in June. The migrations of the Wheatear (two race.-) which lasted from the Gth of March to the 15th of May and of the House- Martin from the 25th of March to the 29th of Blay, covered the longest periods among the species recorded ; while those of the Wood- Warbler (from the 18th of April to the 12th of May) and the Reed- Warbler (from the 19th of April to the 13th of May) occupied the shortest time. Tile following is a list of the species showing the routes by which they appear to have reached this country ; in a few instances where the evidence was incomplete, the species have been placed in that section wliich the data seemed to indicate {e.tj. Grasshop])er- Warbler); tlie otiiers, which are somewhat doubtfully placed, must Ijo read in conjunction with their corresponding footnotes : — 11 A. Species arrivino- soleh/ on the western half oF the south coast. Ring-Ouzel*, Grasshopper- "Warbler, Pied Flycatcher*, Land-Rail *. B. Species arriving along the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on its western half. Wheatear, Whinchat, Redstart, Whitethroat, Blackcap, Chiffchaff, Willow-AVarbler, White Wagtail, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper *. C. Species arriving along the tohole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on its eastern half. Lesser Whitethroat, Garden-Warbler, Wood-War- bler, Reed- Warbler, Sedge- Warbler, Yellow Wagtail, Nightjar. D. Species arriving along the south-east coast, from Suffolk to Hampshire. Nightingale t, Tree-Pipit f. Red-backed Shrike, Wry- neck, Turtle- Dove. During the early months of 1912, considerable movements due to weather-influences were recorded, chiefly on the part of "Thrushes/' Starlings, Larks, Waders, and Wildfowl, and these will be found briefly recorded in their appropriate sections. Amongst them attention may be drawn to the remarkable irruption of the Little Auk. With regard to the autumn-migration of 1911, there is nothing to which attention need be specially drawn. The weather during the early autumn w^as unusually warm and fine, and singularly devoid of influences tending to hold up the stream of departing migrants. Consequently, observa- tions were difficult to make and our summer-birds seem, for * Arrivals on the eastern half of the south coast were probably those of passage-migrants only. i' The later immigrants probably landed as far west as the east of Devon, b2 12 the most part, to have slipped away in small parties, mostly unobserved, so that our records during that period are neither so complete nor so detailed as we could have wished. During the latter part of 1012 Mr. J. L. Bonhote, one o£ the original members of the (,'ommittee, having taken up work abroad, found it necessary to resign his post, and Mr. M. Vaughan took his place on the C'Ommittee. It is with much regret that we lose the help of our colleague, who during the earlier years of our work filled the onerous post of secretary, and it was largely owing to his powers of organisation that our scheme was successfully started. The immense amount of time and labour that he devoted to it can only be fully appreciated by those actually engaged in the work. Our best thanks are again due to the Master and Elder Brethren of the Trinity House for the continuance of their permission to enlist the services of the light-keepers, and to the latter as well as to our many inland observers, without whose kindly co-operation our enquiry could not be carried on. F. G. Penrose, Chaitman. W. R. Ogjlvie-Grant, Editor. C. B. KiCKETT. W. L. SCLATER. C. B. TlCEHURST. N. F. TlCEHURST, Secret an/. M. Vaughan. 13 WEATHER-REPORT FOR THE PERIOD COVERED BY THE SPRING-IMMIGRATION OF 1912. The weather-reports are abstracted from the weekly returns o£ the Meteorological Office, and include the conditions prevailing between Parallels of Latitude 40° N. and 60° N. Longitude 10= E. and 10° W. Special attention has been paid to the conditions observed over the north coast of Spain, the Bay of Biscay, the coast of France bounding the Bay, the English Channel, and our southern shores. Opposite the date will be found a record of the height of the barometer, the direction and force of the wind, the temperature and weather-conditions prevailing at 7.0 A.M. on each day at Portland Bill. The weather-conditions will be much more readily under- stood if the meteorological maps are themselves consulted. Summary of the Weather- Conditions. March. — On the whole the weather was wild, wet, and stormj- through- out the month, but it was exceptionally mild, owing to a preponderance of south-westerly winds. Fog was less prevalent than usual, but there was a good deal along the coasts on the 11th, 12th, and 14th, and also on the 24th and 25th. April. — Weather beautiful, but with a good deal of fog along the north coast of Spain. May, — The weather was less tine and bright than in April, but the conditions were anticyclunic, with few galee. 14 Dally details of Weather- Conditions icilh the corresponding Arrivals of the Summer-Residents *. March 5tli . . Bar. 29-31 in. Wind W., strong. Weather, overcast. A deep depression that had appeared over Ireland on the 4th moved slowly across the North Sea and became less deep, while some small secondary dis- turbances passed across our Islands. A strong gale along our S. coasts from the W. or S.AV. Thunder- storms at Valencia and in Brittany. Temp, just below 50° F. Matich 6th . . B. Wheatear. Bar. 29-4G in. Wind W., moderate. Weather, fair. Pressure increased briskly over these Islands daring the day, and the wind veered towards IS.W. and increased somewhat in force ; a little rain in some parts of our Islands with as much as '8 inch at Jersey ; also much rain over France. Temp, about 45° F. ^Iarcu 7lh . . A. lling-Ouzel. Bar. 29-91 in. Wind N.W., moderate. Weather, fair. Pressure gave way decidedly over the \V. of these Islands during the day and the winds w-ere from the S. Some rain. Temp, rose to about 50° F. March 8th . . Bar. 29-74 in. Wind S., moderate. Rain. Depression moved N. along our extreme W. coasts. Rain over Brittany and these Islands. Moderate or strong winds from the S. Temp, about 50^ F. March 9th .. Bar. 29-66 in. AVind S.S.W., moderate. Weather, tine. Our area under the influence of a lai-ge depression in the Atlantic to the S.W. of Ireland. Rain over our Islands and the N. and W. of France and in the Spanish Peninsula. Winds from S. Temp, about 50° F. • The species ore arranged in accordance with the grouping in the Introduction. 15 March 10th . . B. Wheatear, Willow-Warbler. Bar. 29-Go iu. Wind E.S.E., light. Weather, fine. General conditions much the same, with S. winds. Warm and rainy, much fog and mist along the coasts of these Islands and the Bay of Biscay. March 11th . . B. Wheatear. Bar. 29'91 in. Wind N.E., almost calm. Weather, dull. Tlie Azorean-Madeiran auticyclonic system extended towards the Bay of Biscay and our S.W. coasts during the day, but with a shallow depression at the mouth of the English Channel. Winds slight from some S. or S.E. point, with rain. Temp, about 50° F. Fog along our S. coasts. March 12th . . B. Wheatear. l^ar. 30'30 in. Calm. Weather, misty. Little change during the day. Winds light, soma rain with fog along our S. coasts. Max. Temp. about 50° F. March 13th . . Bar. 80-17 in. Wind S.W., moderate. Weather, drizzling. Conditions remaining much the same. Warm, rainy, foggy along the shores of the English Channel, but clear along the N. coast of Spain. March 14th . . B. Chiffchaff. Bar. 30-07 in. Wind W.S.W., light. Weather, misty. Conditions much the same, but foggy at Cape Finis- terre. March 15th . . Bar. 29-76 in. Wind W., moderate. Weather, rainy. A large V-shaped depression moved E. over these Islands accompanied by showers of rain or hail. jNIax. Temp, generally rather below 50"^ F. No fog reported. March 16th . . B. Wheatear, Chiffchaff. C. Yellow Wagtail. Bar. 29-92 iu. Wind W.S.W. Weather, fair. 16 Mauch 16th . . Pressure fell durinj^ the day in Ireland and in S.W. of (con.). Enofland. Moderate or stronpr winds from S. or S.W. Rain generally, with fog at Oporto and along W. coast of Ireland. Max. Temp, about .50° F. March 17th . . B. ChiffchafT. D. "Wryneck. Bar. 29-38 in. Wind S.W., strong. Rainy. Barometer fell, due to extension of large depression on the Atlantic with winds of increasing force from some S. point. Still rainy with warm Temp. No fog reported, except along the W. coast of Den- mark. March 18th . . B. Sand-Martin. Bar. 28 84 in. Wind S.E., strong. Rainy. A small depression travelled E. across the S. of England during the day. A gale from the W. along the coasts of Cornwall. Much rain. Max. Temp, did not reach 50° F. Fog in the S.E. area of England. March 19th . . Wlieatear. Bar. 29-15 in. Wind W,, strong. Weather, fair. Conditions still cyclonic, strong winds from the W. Much rain, but no fog reported. Temp, did not reach 50° F. March 20th . . I). AVryneck. Bar. 29-45 in. Wind W., light. Weather, cloudy. Weather very unsettled. Thunderstorms with rain and hail at the south-western stations, due to a small secondary disturbance. Strong winds from the W. Maucu 21st . . B. Swallow. Bar. 29-06 in. Wind S.W., strong. Rainy. Ucep depression with centre 28-7 in. to the W. of Ireland. Strong winds circulating cyclonically round this centre. Weather, very unsettled, rainy, squally. Some fog on S. side of the Channel and also at Cape Finisterre. Thunderstorm at the Scilly Isles. Temp, under 50^ F. 17 March 22nd . . Bar. 2922 in. Wind W,, strong. Weather, stormy. The depression moved E. and the wind veered towards N.W. on our W. coast, with a gale at the Scilly Isles. Thunderstorms in S. England, also at Biarritz. Squalls of rain or hail over the greater part of our area. Some fog on the W. coast of Ireland. Rain along the N. coast of Spain. Temp, about the same. March 23rd .. Bar. 2974 in. Wind W.S.W., light. Weather, dull. A fresh depression approaching AV. of Ireland from the Atlantic. Much rain over our area. Wind moderate or strong from S.W. or W.S.W. Temp, remaining about the same. No fog. March 24th . . B. Blackcap, Swallow. Bar. 29-66 in. Wind AV., moderate. AVeather, rainy or misty. Barometer rising. AVinds for the most part W, over the Bay of Biscay, Channel, and S. England ; but E. over Scotland. Much mist and fog along the W. and S. coasts of these Islands. Temp, warmer, over 50° F. on both sides of the Channel. Weather, fine along the N. coast of Spain. March 2oth . . A. Ring-Ouzel. B. White Wagtail, Swallow, House-AIartin, Saud- Martin. D, AA^ryneck. Bar. 3006 in. AVind W.S.AA^, moderate. Weather, thick. AVind S.AA''., with fog or mist along the N. coast of Spain, Brittany, and on our W. and S. coasts. Temp, rose during the day. Weather, showery. March 26th . . A. Ring-Ouzel. B. AVheatear, Blackcap, Chiffchaff, AVillow-AVarbler, Swallow, House-Martin, Cuckoo. Bar. 30-25 in. Wind S.S.AV., light. Cloudy. Barometer had risen generally. Conditions becoming anticyclonic over our area. AAlnds moderate from S.S.AV., but E. along the coast of Brittany. AA^'eather, fine along the Spanish coast, but cloudy or overcast in the Channel and along our shores. Temp, rather warmer. 18 March 127th . . B. Wheatear, Redstart, Whitethroat, Chiffchaff, Willow-Warbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin. Bar. 30-20 in. Wind W., light. Weather, cloudy. A depression in the North Sea causing high wind from the W^. over our area. Weather, rainy. AVinds from some S.W. point. Fog at Ushant and aluug the E. shores of the North Sea. March L'8th . . B. Wheatear, ChilFchaff, Cuckoo. Bar. 3015 in. Wind W.S.W., moderate. Weather, overcast. An anticyclone was approaching the mouth of the Channel. Winds moderate or strong from some W. point. "SA'eather, showery, with fog in the W^. half of the Channel and also along the W. coast of Denmark and at Cape Finisterre. Some rain. Temp. still about 50° F. March I'Oth . . B. Wheatear, Whitethroat, Chiffchaff, White Wag- tail, Swallow, House-Martin, Common Sandpiper. Bar. 30-33 in. Wind N.W., moderate. Weather, fine. Conditions anticyclonic over a great part of our area. Weather, showery. Winds from some W. or N.W. point, moderate or strong over a great part of our area. Conditions over the Bay of Biscay and Channel mostlv fair. March 30th . . B. Wheatear, Blackcap, Swallow. C. Yellow Wagtail. Bar. 30-16 in. Wind W., moderate. AVeather, un- settled. The Barometrical conditions were apparently under the influence of a low-pressure system in the far nortli. Winds from some AV. point, moderate or strong. AA'^eather, very unsettled with hail, sleet, and snow- showers over these Islands. Temp, much lower. The conditions, however, over the Bay of Biscay and adjacent shores generally fair, and subject to the high-pressure system which liad extended E. Some fog at Biarritz. Maimii 31st . . A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Willow-Warbler, Swallow, Common Sandpiper. Bar. 29-80 in. AVind S.AV., moderate. Weather, cloud v. 19 Mabch 31st . . A depression moved S.E. over our W. districts, in- (con.). creased in intensity and caused a gale from the N.E. and N. on the N. and W. coasts of our Islands, with hail, sleet, and snow in many localities. Much colder. A thunderstorm at Spurn Head. April 1st ... . B. Wheatear, Blackcap, Chiffchaffj Willow- Warbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin. C. Yellow Wagtail. D. Wryneck. Bar. 29-65 in. Wind N.N.E., strong. AVeather, unsettled. An anticyclone in the Atlantic affecting weather over our area. Winds strong from some N. quarter. Weather, showery generally, but fine over the greater part of the Bay of Biscay, the W. half of the Channel, S. Ireland, and St. George's Channel. Temp, about 45° F. April 2ud .... A. Ring-Ouzel. B. AN'heatear, Blackcap, ChiftchafF, Willow- Warbler, White Wagtail, Swallow, Sand-Martin. D. Wryneck. Bar. 30-38 in. Wind N.W., moderate. Weather, fine. The anticyclone had reached S. England. Winds over our area N.W, Temp., cold. Weather, fine. April 3rd .... B. Wheatear, Whitethroat, Blackcap, Chiffchaff", Willow -Warbler, Spotted Flycatcher, House- Martin, Sand-Martin, Cuckoo. Bar. 30-47 in. Calm. Weather, cloudy or misty. The anticyclone with centre 30-6 in. in Bay of Biscay. Light airs from the W^. in the Channel, from the E, along the N. coast of Spain. Weather-conditions calm with much fog in the Channel and along our W. shores. Temp, under 50° F. April 4th .... B. Blackcap. Bar. 30-49 in. Wind W.N.W., light. Weather, foir. Barometer steady. Winds W. over our Islands, moderate. Weather, cloudy and overcast. 20 April oth J5. Wheatear, Whitetliioat, Chiffcbaff, Willow- "Wai-ljler, White Wagtail, Swallow, Sand-Martin. D. Wryneck. Bar. 32-27 in. Wind W.S.W., moderate. Cloudy. Conditions remaining much the same over our area. Some fog at the Scilly Isles and along the W. coast of Ireland. April 6th .... A. Ring-Oiizel. B. Redstart, Blackcap, Chiffchaff, Swallow, House- Martin, Common Sandpiper. Bar. 30-28 in. Wind W.S.W., moderate. Weather, cloudy. A good deal of fog along the !N. coast of Spain, the French shores of the Channel and Buy of Biscay, and our S. coast. Temp, -warmer, exceeding 60° F. everywhere. Weather, fine. April "tli .... B. Whitethroat, Chitfchalf, Swallow, Sand-Marlin, Common Sandpiper. C. Sedge- Warbler. D. Tree-Pipit, Wryneck. Bar. 30-34 in. Wind W.N.W., light. Weather fair. Barometer falling slightly. Much fog and mist along the shores of the Bay and Channel. No rain in England, but rain in Ireland, Scotland, Belgium, Holland, and Denmark. Weather-conditions fine on the N. coast of Spain, in the Bay of Biscay, the Channel, and in England. ArniL 8th .... A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear, Whiuchat, Redstart, Blackcap, Chiff- chall", Swallow, Sand-Martin, Common Sandpiper. C. Lesser Whitethroat, Yellow Wagtail, Nightjar. D. Tree-Pipit. Bar. 29-'JG in. Wind W.S.W., moderate. Weather, cloudy. The I5ay of liiscay, the Channel, and S. England still under the influence of the anticyclone, with moderate W. winds and fog at Cape Finisterre. There was a deep depression -with centre 290 in. over the N. of Scotland, with rain and stormy weather over Ireland, Scotland, and \. England. 21 Apiul 9t]i .... A. Ring-Ouzel. B. Wheatear, Blackcap, Cliiffchaff, Willow-Warbler, Swallow. C. Lesser Wiiitethroat, Sedge - W\arbler, Yellow Wagtail. D. Turtle-Dove. Bar. 29-87 in. Wind N.W., moderate. Weather, fair. Winds strong- from the N.W. over the greater part of our Islands, with rain, hail, or sleet; but the weather fine, though cold generally, along the S. coasts. April 10th . . B. Wheatear, Wiiitethroat, Chiflfchaff, W'hitQ Wagtail, Spotted Fl3'catcher, Swallow, Sand-Martin, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper. C. Yellow Wagtail. Bar. 29-74 in. Wind W.N.W., moderate. Weather, cloudy. Weather over these Islands showery, except along our S. shores. Fog on the W. coast of Ireland and at Cape Finisterre. Temp, under SO" F. April 11th . . B. Wheatear, Whinchat, Whitethroat, Chiffchaff, Willow- Warbler, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand- Martin. Bar. 29-99 in. Wind N.W., light. Weather, cloudy. Winds mostly from N. over our area. AVeather, cold. Some fog at Cape Finisterre, weather fine along our S. shores. April 12th , . A. Grasshopper- Warbler. B. Wheatear, Redstart, Whitethroat, Chift'chnff, Willow-Warbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin, Cuckoo. C. Garden- Warbler. 1). Tree-Pipit. liar. 30-39 in. Wind N.N.E., moderate. AA'eather, fine. Conditions anticyclonie. Winds from some N. or E. point. Weather, fair generally. April 13th . . A. Ring-Ouzel, Land-Rail. B. Wheatear, Chiflcbaff, "Willow- Warbler, Swallow, Ilou^:e-Martin, Sand-^Iartin. 22 April 13th . . C. Garden-Warbler, Sedgo-AVarbler, Yellow Wag- (con.). tail. Bar. 30-49 in. Wind N.N.E., light. W'eather, fnir. The centre of the anticyclone 30'5 in. to the S. of Ireland. Conditions generally fine. Much warmer along the N. coast of Spain. April 14lh . . A. Grasshopper- "Warbler. B. Wheatear, Blackcap, Chiffchaft", Willow-Warbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin, Cuckoo. C. Garden- Warbler, Yellow W^agtail. J). Ni>ilitingale, Wryneck, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 30-44 in. Wind N., light. Weather, fair. Weather-conditions, light N. breezes with fine calm weather over our Islands, the Channel, and Bay of Biscay. AiMUL l.")th ., ]>. Wheatear, WHiinchat, Blackcap, Chifl'chafl" Willow- W'arbler, White Wagtail, Swallow, House-Martin. C. Lesser Whitcthroat. Sedge- U'arbler, Yellow Wag- tail. D. Nightingale, Wryneck. Bar. 30-38 in. Wind N.N.E., light. Weather, fair. W^eather-conditions remaining unchanged generally, but some mist along both shores of the W. half of the Channel. April I'Jth . . B. Wheatear, Redstart, Willow- Warbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin. C. Lesser WHiitethroat, Garden-Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. I). Nightingale. Bar. 30-30 in. W'ind E.N.K., light. Weather, line. Conditions fine generally over our area with light E. breezes. Some mist along the E. half of the shores of the Channel. Apimi, ITlli .. B. Wheatear, Bedstart, Chiffchafi, Willow-Warbler, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift. C. Lesser W^hitethroat, Sedge- W^arbler, Yellow Wag- tail. I). Nightingale, Wryneck. Bar. 3004 in. Wind N.K. Weather, fair. AVeathcr-conditions fair generally, rather colder, es- pecially during the eclipse of the sun. Temp, only 45° F. at Corunnn, whore there was some fog. 23 Apkil IStli . . B. Wheatear, Whinchat, Redstart, Blackcap, Willow- Warbler, S^Yallo^v, Sand-Martin, Cuckoo. C. Lesser Whitetliroat, Gar den- Warbler, Wood- Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. D, Nightingale, Tree-Pipit, Red-backed Shrilce, Tiirtle- Dove. Bar. 29-94 in. Calm. Weather, fine. W'eather fine generally, with some mist over Brittany. Temp, still for the most part under .50° F. April 19th .. A. Ring-Ouzel, Land-Rail. B. Wheatear, Redstart, Whitetliroat, Blackcap, Willow- AVarbler, Swallow, Sand-Martin, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper. C. Lesser Whitethroat, Wood- Warbler, Reed- Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. D. Tree-Pipit. Bar. 29-99 in. Calm. Weather, fine. Conditions generally remaining the same. Still, calm weather, with fog at Cape Finisterre and Cher- bonrg, but fine along oar S. shores. April 20tli . . A. Grasshopper- Warbler, Pied Flycatcher. B. Wheatear, Wliinchat, W^iitethroat, ChifFchafF, Willow- W"arbler, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo. C. Wood- Warbler, Reed- Warbler, Sedge-Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. D. Nightingale, Tree-Pipit, Wryneck, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 30'15 in. Wind E., light. Weather, fine. Weather-conditions fine generally, but rain along the W. coast of Ireland and Scotland. April 2Lst. ,. . B. Wheatear, Whinchat, Redstart, Whitethroat, Willow- Warbler, Swallow, Cuckoo, Common Sand- piper. C. Lesser Whitethroat, Garden - Warbler, Reed- ' Warbler, Sedge-Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. D. Nightingale, Tree-Pipit. Bar. 30-29 in. Wind E., light. Weather, fine. The fine weather-conditions continuing geuerallv, some fog along the shores of the Bay of Bisca3\ April 22nd . . B. Wheatear, Redstart, Blackcap, AA'illow- Warbler, Swallow, ilouse-Martin, Cuckoo, C. Wood- Warbler, Sedge- Warbler, Yellow Wagtail, Nightjar. 24 Aphil 22nd . . D. Nightingale, Turtle-Dove. (con.). Bar. 30-32 in. Wind N.E., light. Weather, fine. Calm still weather, with fog along our S. coast and also along the N. coiist of Spain. April 2-Jrd . . B. Whitethroat, Blackcap, Willow- Warbler, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow. C. Wood-Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. Bar. 30-35 in. Wind N.E., light. Weather, fine. Fine conditions with light E. breezes continuing generally. Temp. 55° F. in the Channel, but only 40° F. along the W. coast of the North Sea. April 24th . . B. Willow-Warbler, Swallow, Common Sandpiper. C. Yellow Wagtail. D. Red-backed Shrike. Bar. 30-27 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather, fine. Fine weather with light N. breezes over the whole of our area. April 25th . . A. Grasshopper- Warbler, Land-Rail. 13. Whitethroat, Blackcap, Willow-Warbler, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo, Com- mon Sandpiper. C. Garden-Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. Bar. 30-18 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather, fine. Same conditions as previous day. Some fog at Cape Finisterre. April 2Gth . . B. Wheatear, Wliitethroat, Willow- Warbler, White Wagtail, Swallow, House-Martin, Swift. C. Sedge-Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. D. Nightingale. Bar. 3001 in. Wind N.E., moderate. Weather, fine. Same conditions as previous day. April 27th . . B. Wheatear, Whinchat, Redstart, Whitethroat, Blackcap, Willow-Warbler, White Wagtail, Swal- low, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, S«ift, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper. C. Lesser Whitethroat, Yellow Wagtail. D. Nightingale, Tree-Pipit. Bar. 29-78 in. Wind N.IC., moderate. Weather, fair. April 'JTth . . Conditions over our Lslauds line geuerally and mucli (con.) warmer along our S. coast ; E. coast of England still Cold. Heavy rain over the whole uf the Iberian Peninsula, with fog at Cape Finisterre. ArniL 28th . . A. Grasshopper- Warbler, Land-Rail. B. Wheatear, Wliinchat, Blackcap, \Villow-'\\'arbler, White Wagtail, Swallow, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo. C. Wood -Warbler, YuUow Wagtail. D. Nightingale. Bar. 29-87 in. Wind E.X.E., moderate. Weather, fair. Weather-conditions tine generally, but some fog over Jkittany. April 29th . . B. Wheatear, Whinchat, Whitethroat, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo. C. Lesser Whitetliroat, Sedge- Warbler. 1). Nightingale, Red-backed Shrike. Bar. 30-08 in. Wind N.X.E., moderate. Weather, fine. Weather fine, with a cold N. breeze over the whole of our area. Some fog at Cape Finisterre. ApiiiL 30th . . A. Land-Rail. B. Chitlchaff, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper. D. Tree-Pipit, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 30-30 in. Wind E.N, E., moderate. Weather, fine. Light N. winds over the whole of our area, the weather remaining fine over the greater part, but showery along the E. coast of England and the E. half of the Channel. 3Iay 1st .... A. Grasshopper- Warbler. B. Wheatear, White Wagtail, Swallosv, House- Martin, Sand'Martin, Swift. C. Reed- Warbler, Nightjar, D. Tree-Pipit. Bar. 30-29 in. Wind N.W., light. Weather, fair. Barometrical conditions still antieyclonic. Winds moderate from the S. over our Islands. Weather, fine generally, but showery in the Channel and over Ireland and Scotland. Temp, just under 50^ F, Some fog or mist at Cape Finisterre and on both shores of W, lialf of tlie Channel. 2G May 2ml .... B. Wliitetlivoat, Swallow. IIim.se-Maitiii, Snnd- ^lartin, Swift, Ciickno. C. Yellow "Wagtail. J). Tree-Pipit. ]3ar. 301 3 in. Wind X.X.W., light. Weather, line. Conditions remaining the same. Fine weather along N. of Spain. Some fog along the shores of Brittany. Fine along both shores of the Channel, but showery over Ireland, St. George's Channel, the N. of England, and the North Sea. Temp., warm. May 3rd .... A. Grasshopjjer- Warbler, Land-Rail. l^. Redstart, Whitethroat, Blackcap, AVliite Wagtail, Swallow, House - Martin, Sand -Mai tin, Swift, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper. C. Lesser Whitetliroat, Wood-Warbler, Nightjar. 1). Nightingale, Tree-Pipit. Bar. 80 04 in. Wind N.W., light. Weather, mild; some mist. Same conditions prevailing as on previous day. jMay 4 th .... A. Pied Flycatcher. B. W^iitethroat, ChillchaiF, ^^'illow-Warblor, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Common Sand- piper. C. Lesser Whitethroat, Garden -Warbler, Wood- Warbler. 1). Tree-Pipit. Bai". 29'97 in. Calm. Weather, still and misty. Misty showery weather generally over our area. AVinds very light from the E. Thundery along the E. coast of England, with fog about the Straits of Dover. May' 5th .... A. Grasshopper- Warbler. B. Whinchat, Whitethroat, Blackcap, Willow- Warbler, Swallow, IIouse-Martin, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo, Common Sandpiper. C. Lesser Whitethroat, Garden -Warbler, AN'ood- W'arbler, Reed- Warbler, Sedge-Warbler. D. Tree-Pipit, Red-backed Shrike, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 2997 in. Wind E., liglit. Weather, overcast. Barometer falling. AViuds E. over tlie greater part of England and the K. half of the Channel, but AV. over the Bay of Biscay and W. half of the Channel. AVcntlier mild, overcast and showery. 27 May Gth .... A, G lassliopper- Warbler, Laiul-Kiiil. B. "Wheatear, Wliitetliroat, Blackcap, Cliiflchaff, Willow- Warbler, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow, IIouse-Martiu, Sand-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo, Com- mon Sandpiper. C. Lesser "Wliitetliroat, Sedge- Warbler, Nightjar. D. Eed-backed Shrike, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 30-05 in. Wind W.N.W., light. Weather, misty and showery. Barometer falling over the W. of our Islands, due to a depression in the Atlantic. Weather, overcast and rainy, with fog along the W. coast of Ireland and along both sides of the Chanjiel. May 7th .... A. Pied Flycatcher. B. Wheatear, Wliinchat, Bedstart, Whitetjiroat, Blackcap, Willow-Warbler, White Wagtail, Swal- low, House-Mm-tin, Swift. C. Lesser Wliitetliroat, Garden - Warbler, Wood- Warblei', Iteed-Warbler, Sedge-Warbler. D. Nightingale, Turtle-Bove. Bar. 30-13 in. Wind S.S.W., light. Weather, mjsty. Misty, rainy, waj'iii, close w.eather, with light S. winds. May Sth .... A. Land-Bail. B. Wheatear, Wliitetliroat, Blackcap, W'jUow.- War- bler, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow, House-Martin, Sand-Martjn, Comnion Sandpiper. C. Garden- Warbler, Beed-Waibler^ Sedge-Warblei., Nightjar. D. Nightingale, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 30-34 in. Wind W.S.W., light. Dull, foggj weather. Conditions similar to previous day, with more fog. May 9th .... A. Pied Flycatcher, Land-Bail. B. Wheatear, Whinchat, WJiitethroat, Swallow, House-Martin, Swift, Cuckoo. C. Eeed-Warbler, Sedge- Warbler, Yellow Wagtail, Nightjar. D. Tree-Pipit, Turtle-Dove. Bar. 30-36 ia. Calm. Weather, foggy. Weather remaining warm, foggy, sultry. 'c2 28 May lOth B. Wheatear, AVliitethroat, Willow- Warbler, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow, IIouse-.Martin, Swift, Cuckoo. 0. I^esser Wbitethroat, Garden - Warbler, Sedge- Warbler, Yellow Wagtail. D. Tiirtle-Dove. Bar. ;30-lG in. Wind S.E., light. Weather, calm, Ibggy. Sultry, foggy weather still continuing. May 11th .... A. Land-Eail. B. Wheatear, Whitethroat, Spotted Flycatcher, Swal- low, House-Martin. C. Garden- Warbler, Sedge-Warbler. D. Nightingale, Tree-Pipit, Bed-backed Shrike. Bar. in)-88 in. Wind S.W., light. Weather, foggy. l)arometer : a well-niaiked shallow depression over our Islands. Winds S. A\'eather, sultry, showery with fog over Brittany, but tine along X. coast of Spain. Temp., warm. May 12th A. Pied Flycatcher, Land-P.ail. B. Wheatear, Whitethroat, AN'illow-Warbler, Spotted Flycatcher, Swallow, House-Martin. C. Garden- Warbler, Wood-Warbler, .Sedge- Warbler, Nightjar. ]), Tree-Pipit. Bar. 29-7(5 in. Wind W.N.W., light. Weather, overcast. Barometer : a shallow secondary depression over the Channel. Thunderstorms in our S.F. counties. AVeather, very Avarni for the time of year. May PUh A. Land-Piail. B. AVheatear, Bedstart, Whitethroat, Swallow, Cuckoo. C. (Jarden- Warbler, Beed-Warbler, Sedge-Warbler. Bar. uO-12 in. Wind N.E., light. ANeather, cloudy. Barometer : anticych)uic over our Island.s, with centre 30-2 in. over Ireland. Winds light. AVeather, fair on the whole. Slightly colder. AIav Mill .... B. Spotted Ryeatcher, Swallow, liouse-Martiu, Swift, i). Red-backed Shrike, Turtle-Bovo. Har. 21)ltlaiid.s, hut fine over the Bay of Biscay and the French coast ot the Channel. May L'hst B. Swallow, House-Martin, Swift. 33ar. 2979 in. Wind !<]., light. Weather, rainy. Warm, cloudy and rainy weather all over our area, ■witli some fog along the coast of Brittany. May 2i'nd Bar. 29-61 in. Wind S.W., moderate. Weather, showery. A depression over tlie S. of our Islands, with rainy, warm, muggy weather. May 23rd .... Bar. 29Go in. AVind AV.S.W., light. Weather, fair. The depression had passed E. with a general clearing up of the weather over the Channel, S.W. England, and Ireland. Weather showery elsewhere. May 24th B. TTouse-Mavtin, Swift. Bar. oU'll in. Wind X,, moderate. Weather, fine. Light N. winds and hne weatlier over the greater part of our area. Rather colder. May 2.5th B. Spotted Flycatcher, Sand-Martin, Swift. D. Tree-Pipit! Ikr. 30-3.5 in. Wind K.X.E., light. NNCather, fine. Conditions over our area antieydonic. Weathei', very hne. .Some mist at Cape Finisterre. May 2Gth .... B. Swift. C, Nightjar. 1). Turtle-Dovc. Bar. .30-2.5 in. Calm. AVeathcr, fine. Fine bright weather over our area. May 27th IX Red-backed Shrike. Bar. 3013 in. Wind N.W., light. We ither, flue. Anticyclonic conditions with tine weather generally over our area. Some mist over Cape Finisterre. 31 May 28th .... B. IIuuse-Marlin. C. Niglitjiir. Bar. ;J0U2 ill. Wind N.W., light. Weather, tine. Fine weather with cahns over our area geuerally, some mist along the N. coast of Ii-eland. Showery in the North Sea b.'tweeii Denmark and England. May 29th JB. House-Martin. Bar. 2'J'97 in. Calm. Weather, fair. Warm close weather, fine generally, but with some fog along the coast of Brittany. May 30th .... Bar. 29-85 in. Wind N.N.AV., light. Weather, fine. Barometrical conditions : scattered small depressions bringing W, winds and showery weather over the greater part of our area. Temp, continuing about 65^ F. Some fog along the N. coast of Spain. May 31st .... Bar. 2983 in. Wind S.E., light. Weather, showery. Our area under the influence of a depression with centre over the Scilly Isles. Winds circulating cyclonically round this centre, but the weather on the whole remaining fair, but with rain along our S.W. and E, coasts. June 1st B. Spotted Flycatcher. Bar. 29-70 in. Wind E.S.E., light. Weather, fine. liain generally over our area, but fine over Brittany and the Scilly Isles. The Barometrical depression had passed E., the centre being over the Channel Islands. Temp., lower along the X. coast of Spain than in the Channel. June 2nd .... A. Pied Flycatcher. Bar. 29-45 in. Wind S.S. W., light. Weather, cloudy. The centre of the Barometrical depression was over the S. of England, with winds of moderate intensity circulating cyclonically. Temp, rather colder. AVeather, rainy, some fog along the W. coast of Denmark. Nf^TK. — 111 llie maps wliich illustiatc tlic ininialions (lE ilu" following species an atteniiit lias been made to trace tlicir course by separating and grouping the different move- ments, l)ut it must be understood that this grouping is to :i certain extent artificial and is only done for the sake of clearness. "J hese successive immigrations are indicated in the maps by the following signs : — First immigration thus : — Second „ „ (5) Third „ „ Qo] Fourth ,. „ <^ Fifih .. ,, (29) Sixth <^ THE RIXG-OUZEL. Turdos torquatus, L. So far as can be ascertained from the somewliat scanty material supplied, our British-breeding King-Ouzels appear to have arrived entirely on the western half of the south coast, the few records from south-eastern and eastern counties jirobably indicating the northward progress of small numbers of passage-migrants bound for breeding-places in northern continental Europe. Str.igglers made their appearance at the end of the first week in March, but it was not until the last week of that month that the main body of our breeding-birds began to arrive. By the 1st of April an augmentation was evident, and the majority of our summer-visitors would seem to have arrived between the 1st and the I5th. They were reported as already nesting in Devonshire on the 12th and as having settled down in Cheshire and Carnarvon by the 15th and 17th, while nests containing eggs were found in Kenfi'ew on the 24th, in Lancashire on the 25fh, and in Cheshire on the 5th of May, Xests with young birds were found in Radnor on the 5th of May, in Yorkshire on the 12th, and in Mon- mouth on the I'Jth. After our breeding-birds had settled down, further arrivals, comprised no doubt of passage-migrants, made their appear- ance ; thus, Ring-Ouzels occurred at Hanois light (Guernsey) on the 18th/19th of April, and others were recorded from Suffolk on the 19th, from the Isle of Man on the 21st and 28th, and from the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) as late as the lilth of May. Chroxological Summary of the Records. March 6th. Staffordshire. 7tli. Kent. Yorkshire. 34 March 25tli. Soinerset. „ 2(jtli. Devon, Westinorelund. „ 28tli. Carnarvon. 2l)tli. Derby. ,, 30tli. Worcester. „ lUst. Somerset, (•hesliire. April 1st. C'urnarvon (increase). ,, 2ntl. Devon (passing). „ .5tb. Merioneth, Lancashire, Staffordshire. „ Gth. Hants (passing). Yorkshire (slight in- crease). Gloucester. „ 8th. Devon (increase). Hants and Xorthumhcr- land (passing). „ 9 th. Essex. „ 10th. Shropshire. „ 12th/13th. Carnarvon light. „ 12th. Devon (nesting). „ Djth. Somerset (slight increase). „ l-ith. Lancashire (slight increase). ,, 15th. Cheshire (settled in the east of the county). „ KJth. Yorkshire (slight increase). „ 17th. Carnarvon (usual numbers). ,, 18th/19th. Guernsey light. „ 19th. Suffolk (passing). Cumberland. „ 21st. Isle of Man (passing). „ 24tli. Renfrew (nest with eggs). 3Ionmouth. „ 2r)tli. Lancashire (nest with eggs). „ 2Gth. Shropshire (usual numbers). „ 28th. Isle of Man (passing). Itadnor. May 1st. Montgomery. „ 4th. Radnor (increase). „ 5th. Radnor (young hatching). Cheshire fnest with eggs). „ 12tli. Yorkshire (young fully fledged). ,. li'ith. IVntland Skerries (one passing). „ r.Mli. iMonrnouth (nest with young). Cuml»er- hind (nest with eggs). 35 THE WHEATEAR. Saxicola u'ltaiithe (L.). The Wheatear arrived alon^ the whole of the south const, but in greatest numbers on the western half. A single bird was reported as having been seen on the Sussex Downs on the Gth of January and several were noted on the S E. coast of Suffolk on the 28th of February, but it was not until the end of the first week in March that others were observed, and from that date until the 25th stragglers were recorded fi-om many counties, chiefly in the w^est, as far north as North- umberland, where a male was seen on the 15th. The first large immigratory movement took place between the 2Gth and 30th of March, the area of arrival covering the whole of the south coast from Devonshire to Kent. The advent of these migrants was at once apparent })y the increased number of arrivals recorded in tlie western Midlands and Wales on the one hand and in the Home counties and East Anglia on the other. The northward passage on the east coast was also indicated by the returns from lio'ht-stations on the Norfolk and Yorkshire coasts on the 29th and 31st. On the west side the Isle of Man was reached on the 30th, Lanark on the 1st of A[)ril, and Argyll on the 4th. A second, smaller, immigration occurred betw een the 2nd and 5th of April, and indications of the northward passage of these birds was also furnished from the lights on the east coast on the 5th and on the west coast on the 8th, but otherwise their influence on the numbers already present does not appear to have been very marked. The third immigration, a large one^ seems to have supplied 3B AVIIEATEAR. the bulk of the nestino-birds for the nortliern countic?, but it also contained a number of pussnge-niigniiits, as was shown by the presence for the tirst time of birds of the larger race. Commencing on the 8th of April it seems to have lastoil until the 18th or 20th, as was indicated by the records from Hanois light (Guernsey) and corroborated by the subsecjuent occurrences at lights off the AVelsh and Yorkshire coasts, though our o])servers on the south coast did not record any arrivals l)et\veen the IGth and 21st. The fourth and fifth immigrations were snudl ones and occurred on the 22nd of April and between the 2Gtli and the 1st of May, but with the exception of the arrival of small numbers in Kent on the 28th, the area of arrival was con- fined to the westei-n end of the south coast. The sixth immigration was again a large one and occurred between the 6th and 15th of ^lay ; during the first few dnys it comprised birds of both races, but the greater number of birds were of the hirger race. The pjassiige through the Cliannel Islands was most marked and arrivals took place alono- the whole of the south coast. The inland records were somewhat meagre, owing, no doubt, to the number of birds already settled in the country and the inability of many observers to distinguish one race from the other. The light- records, however, particularly those from tlie west coast, furnish evidence of the northward passage of these migrants, and those from the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) between the 10th and the ItUh of May also seem to be connected with this movemetit. Wheatears were reported to be nesting in Sussex on the 11th of April, a nest ready for eggs was found in ]Sorthum- berland on the 21:th, and another half con.^^tructed in Henfrew on the 4th of May. (yHEOXOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. Jan. (Jtli. Sussex. Feb. 28th. Suffolk. March Gth. Somerset, Oxford. 38 Murcli lOth. Sussex, Suffolk. ., 11th. Pembroke light. 12th. Devon, Staffordshire. l.Oth. Northuinberhuul. „ IGth. Scilly Isles, Sussex, Bci-ks, Lancashire, Yorkshire. „ 10th. Cornwall, Hants. „ 24th. Cheshire. ,, 2;")th. Yorkshire lioht. Xorthainj)ton. „ 2tith. Sussex (increase). Kent, Herts, Glamor- gan, Kadnor. „ 27th. Somerset (increase). Hants and Kent (siioht increase). Surrey, Brecknock. „ 2Sth. Sussex (increase;. Wilts. „ 2'Jth. Norfolk light. Kent (increase). Hants (slight increase). Sussex (decrease). Berks, Warwick, Uert)y. „ 30th. Kent and Suffolk (increase). Herts and Devon (passing). Worcester. Isle of Man. „ 31pt. Yorkshirelight. Middlesex, Essex, Bedford. Ajiril 1st. Carnarvon (great increase), Glamorgan (increase). Lanark. „ 2nd. Kent and Lancashire (increase). (Jorn- Wiill, Gloucester. ,, 3rd. Sussex (increase). Denbigh. „ 3r(l/4th. Anglesey light. 4th. Argyll. „ 5tli. Yorkshire light. Sussex and Wilts (in- crease), licrks and Radnor (passing). Shropshire (usual numbers). „ (Ith. Deri)}- (increase). Carmarthen, Merioneth, Westmoreland, Ayr. „ 7th. Cheshire. „ 7th/8th. Anglesey light. „ bth. Suffolk and Staffordshire (increase). Derby (usual ntnnbers). Lincoln, Cum- berland. „ 8th to 12th. Dr\,)ii (|.assing). 39 April 9th. Hants(laroer race, first record). Pembroke. „ lOtli. Brecknock and Yorkshire (increase). Kent, Gloucester and Northmnberland (slight increase). ,, 11th. Somerset (increase). Isle of Man and Northumberland (slight increase). "Wilts (decrease). Sussex (nesting). „ 12th. Yorkshire (increase). ,, 12th 'l.'Uh. Cornwall and Carnarvon liohts. „ loth. Lancashire (increase). Brecknock and Yorkshire (decrease). „ loth/llth. Hants, Carnarvon and Yorks lights. „ 11th. Cheshire (increase). Northampton (slight increase). „ 14th/15th. Cornwall, Carnarvon and Anglesey lights. „ 15th. Cornwall and Dorset (increase). Warwick (passing). „ 15th/lGth. Guernsey light. „ 15th to 21st. Cheshire (great increase). Surrey (passing). „ 16th. Renfrew. „ 16th/17th. Guernsey light. „ 17th. Renfrew (increase). Gloucester (females arriving). „ 17th/18th. Anglesey light. „ 18th. Westmoreland (slight increase). North- umberland (usual numbers). „ 19th. Middlesex (passing). „ 20tli. Bedford (slight increase). Ayr. „ 20th/21st. Carnarvon and Yorkshire lights. „ 21st. Yorkshire (increase). Herts (passing). Leicester, Norfolk. „ 21st/22nd. Carnarvon light. ,j 22nd. Cornwall and Somerset (increase). Anole- sey. „ 23rd. Yorkshire (decrease). Montgomery. „ 24th. Denbigh (increase). Northumberland (nest ready for eggs). 40 Ajii-il 2Gt]ut27tb. Dovon (p;i^sino- on the south coast). „ 28th. Kadnor (sh"<;ht increase). Denbi'oh (de- crease). Kent (passino). „ 29th. Dorset (increase). Cuinherland (sli^'ht increase). „ 20th to ) . May 5th. / ^i«i'io»«t,h (passing). ,, 30th. Yorkshire (slight increase). Cunihrrhmd (nesting). j\faj 1st. Devon (passing). „ 2nd. Isle of Man (increase). Bedford (>liglit increase). Yorkshire (decrease). „ 3rd, Stafror.lsliire (passing). „ 4th. Kadnor (increase). Rer.frew (nest half built). „ 4th/r>th. Isle of Man light. „ r>th/(ith. Guernsey, Hants, (^irnarvon, Lancashire and Isle of Man lights. ,, (Jthtol2th. Kent (passing, larger race). „ (;th/7tli. \ ^ 1 -u L ^■ \ , 7tl/Sth I '^u^^J'usey and Jlants lights. „ i)th. Meiioneth and Isle of Man (increase). „ lOth/llth. Lsle of Man light. „ 10th. Devon and Somerset (passing). Anglesey (usual numbers). Pentland Skerries (arrivals). „ 11th. Yorkshire (slight inc-reasc). Pentland Skerries (increase, larger i-ace). „ llth/12th. Guernsey light. ^, 12th. Glamorgan (increase). Pentland Skerries (decrease). Cheshire (nesting). „ 12tb/13tb. Guernsey light. ,, ] lib. Penllaiul Skerries (increase, both races). „ 14th/ir)th. (Guernsey and Anglesey lights. ^, 15th. J'entland Skerries (further increase). ,j l()th. (iloucester ([)assing). Pentland Skerries (decrease). ,. 20tb/21>t. isle of Man light. 41 TflE AVPIINCIIAT. PrafincoJa ruhefra (L.). This bird appears to have arrived along the whole o£ the south coast^ bnt perhaps in largest numbers on the western half ; its actual area of entry was, however, so incompletely recorded that the point must remain a doubtful one. The first arrival reported was in Devonshire on the 8th of April, and from that date up to the 18th the records w^ere mostl}^ of single birds, in widely scattered localities. The first small increase w^iis apparent on the 20th of April and seems to have consisted mainly of migrants bound for the western half of the country. A rather larger immigration took place between the 27th and 29th, the area of arrival probably extending from Devonshire to Hampshire. These birds seem also to have distributed themselves mainly over the western half of the kingdom. A third immigration arrived on the south coast from Devonshire to Sussex between the 5th and 9th of May, and besides supplying residents for the eastern and northern counties, seems to have included a certain number of passage-migrants. Whinchats were nesting in Devonshire on the 2nd of May, and in Staffordshire on the 9th. Nests with eggs were found in Northamptonshire on the 12th, in Cambridge on the 13th, in Glamorgan on the 16th, and in Derbyshire on the 18th. Chronological Summary of the Records. April 8th. Devon. 11th. Berks. 42 April 12th. Leicester. 13th. Yorkshire. ,. 14th. Worcester. 1.5th. Surrey. IGth. Carmarthen. 18th. Kent. ,, 20th. Somerset, Brecknock, Bedford, Suffolk. 21st. Wilts. „ 22nd. Shropshire. „ 23rd. Yorkshire (slight increase). Gloucester, Cambridge, Cumberland. „ 26th. Lanark. „ 27th. Hants, Radnor, Cheshire. „ 28th. Glamorgan, Northumberland, Renfrew. „ 29th. Glamorgan (increase). Dorset (a tew). Merioneth, Staffordshire, Derl)y. May 1st. Monmouth, Middlesex. „ 2nil. Bedford (increase). Merioneth (slight increase). Devon (nesting). ^, 3rd. Derby (slight increase). „ 4th. Yorkshire (increase). Lancashire. „ ,5th. Somerset (increase). Northumberland (slight increase). Warwick. ,, Gth. Derby (increase). Somerset (decrease). Northam])ton. „ Gth/7th. Hants light. ,, 7th. Cumberland (slight increase). Herts. ,. 9th. Staffordshire (nesting). Sussex, \Vestnu)re- land. „ 10th. Merioneth (increase). Radnor (slight increase) . „ 11th. Herts (slight increase). Anglesey, Oxford, Uenl'reWj Pentland Skerries. ,, 12th. Northampton (nest wiih eggs). Nor- folk. 13th. < "aml)riilge (nest with eggs). ,. lltli. I't'Utland Skerries (decrease). 43 May 16tli. Glamorgan (nest with eggs). Pentland Skeri'ies (passing). ,, 17th. Cumberland (increase). „ 18th. Yorkshire (increase). Derby (nest with „ 19th. Yorkshire (decrease), (buikling). ,, 20th. Lancashire (usual numbers). „ 29th. Yorkshire (increase). d:^ 44 UEUSTAUT. \ 45 THE REDSTART. Ruticilla pluvidcurus (L.). The Redstart entered the country along the whole of the !>oiith coast, but was perhaps more numerous on the western half. A few birds were reported as passing in Devonshire as early as the 27th of March, and stragglers were noted in Surrey, Gloucestershire, and Derbyshire by the 6th of April. There does not seem to have been any marked immigration, and the birds apparently arrived in small numbers at different points over a large area and extended their migration over a considerable length of time. Small numbers seem to have come in during the second week of April and rather larger flocks between the 16th and 22nd and again on the 27th, so that by the end of the month Redstarts were thinly spread over the whole country, reaching Yorkshire and Cumberland by the 20th, Northumberland on the 23rd, and Renfrew on the 2nd of May. Further arrivals took place during the first week of May, being recorded from St. Catherine's light (Hants) on the 3rd, and Hanois light (Guernsey) on the 6th/7th, but beyond increasing the numbers in a few localities no very marked effect was observed. On the 12th/13th small numbers again occurred at St. Catherine's light, and an increase was noted in Kent on the 20th, possibly indicating another small immigration. There are indications in the records from Spurn Head light (Yorkshire) on the 8th/9th of May, from the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 11th, and from Southwold light (Suffolk) on the 15th/16th of northward passage-movements along the east coast. 46 Nests in course of construction were found in Shropshire on the 2Gth of April, in Radnor on the 6th of May, and in Suffolk on the 8th, while nests with eggs were found in Somerset on tlie 4th of May, in Yorkshire and Westmoreland on the 12th, and in Northumberland on the 13th. Chronological Summary of the Rfx'ORds. Devon. Surrey, Gloucester^ Derby. Devon. Hants. Surrey. Herts, Leicester, Shropshire. Surrey (increase). i Somerset. March 27th. April 6th. 5» 8 th. J» 12th. )? 13th. 5^ 14th. 5? 16th. J» 17th. J> ]8th. )■> IDtli. n 20th. J» 21st. )J 22nd. »» 23r(l. 9» 26th. »» 27th. H 28th. Surrey (increase). Kent, . ncashire. Sussex, Wilts. ' Surrey (decrease). Brecknock, Bedford, Worcester, Yorkshire, Cumberland. Dorset, Northampton, Suffolk. Hants (passing). Radnor, Warwick, Northumberland. Cumberland (increase). Westmoreland. Shropshire (nesting). Cheshire. Hants (passing). Oxford. Warwick (slight increase). Essex, Cam- bridge. „ 29th. Cumberland (increase). Monmouth, Staf- fordshire. „ 30th. Warwick (decrease). May 1st. Cambridge (increase). „ 2n(l. Renfrew. „ lird. Hants light, Northumberland (increase). Merioneth. „ 4th. Hadnorand Yorkshire (increase). Somerset (nest with eggs), ."•th. Northumberland (increase). Bedford (slight increase). 47 May Gih. 6th/7tli 8th. 8th/9ili. 9th. 11th. 12th. 12th/13i,h. 13th. 16th. 15th/16th. 19th. 20th. 27th. Northampton and (*innl)orhin(] (inci-easc). Shrojishire (usual uumhors), IJadnor (nesting). Guernsey light. Suffolk (nesting). Yorkshire light. Berks. Merioneth (increase). Anglesey, Pentland Skerries. Yorkshire (increase), (nest with eggs) , Pentland Skerries (decrease). Loch Lomond. Hants light. Lancashire (nesting). Northumberland (nest with egg). Somerset (nest with young). Suffolk light. Camhridge (nest with full clutch). Kent (increase). Berks (increase). 48 NIGHTINGALE. 49 THE NIGHTINGALE. DauUas lusciitia (Ju.). This species arrived on the south-eastern and southern coasts of England, possibly extending as far west as Dorset. The first reports were from Northamptonshire and Sussex on the 8th and 14th of April, and small numbers seem to have straggled into the country between the latter date and the 18th. It was not until the 20th that any marked influx took place, and during that and the two following days a considerable number arrived on the coast between Essex and Hampshire. The advent of these migrants was at once apparent by the increase in numbers in the southern and eastern counties and an extension westward into Wiltshire, Dorset, Devonshire, Somerset, Gloucester, Monmouth, Worcester and Shropshire. From the 26th to the 29th a second immigration took place over the same area, the records indicating a similar spread to the west and north-west, the first arrival in Yorkshire being recorded on the 29th. By that date the greater number of our Nightingales seem to have arrived ; by the 4th of May they had begun to nest and the normal number had settled down in several localities. Small numbers of migrants, however, continued to arrive till the end of the second week of May, viz. : on the 3rd, 7th, 8th, and 11th, but their effect on the numbers already present was not appreciable. Nightingales were nesting in Suffolk on the 1st of May, in Hampshire on the 5th, in Somerset on the 8th, in Cambridge on the 9th, and in Berkshire on the 13th; while nests with eggs were found in Essex on the 10th, in Oxford on the 19th, oO and in Lincoln on the 25tli. Young wore liatclicd in Dorset on tlic 2i5tli of May and fledged in Glamorgan on the 2nd of June. Chronological Summary of the Records. April (Stli. Northampton. 1-ith. Sussex. „ 1,5th. Somerset, Surrey. „ IGth. Hants, Oxford. „ 17th. Isle of Wight, Essex, Cambridge. 18th. Kent, Suffolk. ,, IDtli. Berks, Glamorgan. ,, 20tli. Kent (increase). Surrey and Northampton (slight increase). Herts, Norfolk, Shrop- shire. „ 21st. Sussex, Hants, Wilts, Berks, Somerset and Essex (increase). Dors(>t, Moumoulh. „ 22nd. Kent, Somerset, Northampton and Shroi)- shire (increase). Sussex and Suffolk (slight increase). Gloucester. AVor- cester. „ 25th. ( ^imhridge (slight increase). Devon. 2Gth. Isle of Wight (increase). Bedford. ,, 27th. Hants (increase). Worcestei- (slight in- crease). Middlesex. „ 28th. Dorset (increase). „ 29th. Essex and Suffolk (increase). Berks and Shropshire (usual numbers). York- shire. May 1st. Cambridge (increase). Sufiblk (nesting). „ 2nd. Herts (increase). Leicester, lird. Hants and Sussex (increase). ,, 4th. Oxford (slight increase). Worcester (u.>ual numbers), .'ith. Pnulford (increase). Hants (nesting). r.th/7th. Hants light. „ 7th. Lincoln. 7th/Sth. Hants light. 51 Mav 8tli. Glamorgan (sli'olit increase). Somerset (nest half built). „ 9tb. (Cambridge (nesting). „ lOtb. Essex (nest with one egg). ,, lltb. Dorset and Sussex (increase). „ 13th. Wilts (increase). Berks (nesting). „ 15th. Cheshire. „ 19th. Oxford (nest with eggs). „ 25th. Lincoln (nest with eggs). „ 26th. Dorset (nest with young). June 2nd. Glamorgan (young fledged). WlllTETPIKOAT. THE WHITETHROAT. Si/lvla clnerea, Bechst. Whitethroats arrived along the whole of the south coast, but first and principally on the western portion. Stragglers were noted in Devonshire and Kent as early as the 27th and 29th o£ March, but up to the 18th of April" the i-ecords were mostly of single birds, in widely scattered localities. To a large extent they were derived from a small immigration that landed on the western end of the south coast between the 7th and 12th. The second inunigration, which was a large one, arrived in two divisions ; the western portion landed between Cornwall and Hampshire on the 19th and 20th, and the eastern portion landed in Sussex and Kent on the 21st and 23rd. This, together with another large immigration that arrived along the whole of the south coast between the 25th and 29th, seems to have furnished the greater portion of the breeding- stock of Whitethroats in England and Wales. Northumber- land was reached by the 22nd, Cumberland and Renfrew on the 24th and Stirling on the 1st of May, while the species was stated to be present in its normal numbers in the southern counties and to be already nesting by the beginning of May. Migration, however, continued to be actively in progress until the fourth week of May, and birds were })assing the C^hannel Islands up to the 15th. From the 2nd to the 13th arrivals were taking place daily at one or more points on the south coast, and the northward passage of these migrants is well shown by the numerous records from the light-stations on both the east and west coasts, as well as by the fluctuating numbers reported from inland localities. Many of these birds iippear to have settled down in Wales, 54 the northern midlands and the northern counties, as well as in Scotland : the usual number was not recorded in Shrop- shire and Derbyshire until the 6th, or from Cheshire and Renfrew until the 13th. Others seem to have been passage- migrants on their way to more northern localities, as was indicated by the records from the Pentland Skerries between the 8th and 17th. Whitethroats were building in Surrey on the 21st of April, in Devonshire on the 24:th, and in Yorkshire on the 29th, on which date finished nests were found in Kent and Shrop- shire. A nest with two eggs was reported in Somerset on the 2nd of May, one with a single egg in Westmoreland on the Gth of May, and others with four eggs in Warwick on the loth and in Glamorgan and Gloucester on the IGth. Chronological Summary of the Records. ^larch 27th. Devon. 21)th. Kent. April :5rd. Surrey. „ 5th. Kent, Cheshire. „ (jth. Gloucester, Yorkshire. ,, 7th. Cornwall (passing). „ 10th. Dorset. „ 11th. Dorset (increase). Devon (slight in- crease) . „ 12th. Cornwall (passing). Sussex, Suffolk. „ 13th. Somerset, Wilts. „ 14th. Leicester. ,, 15th. Derby. „ U)th. Berks. ,, 17tli. Essex, Northampton, Merioneth, Isle of Man. „ 18th. Shropshire. „ I'Jth. Somerset (increa.se). Hants, Herts, Notts. „ l'.1th/2()tli. Cornwall light. „ 20th. Somerset and Surrey (increase). Nor- thain[)ton (great increase). Wilts (slight increase). Bedford. AVorcester. Tjincoln. April 21st. Kent, Siirr(>y nnd Yorkshire (increasoj. Herts (sliolit increase). Surrey (build- ing). Glamorgan, Warwick, Stafford- shire, Norfolk, Lancashire. ,, if^iid. Glamorgan (increase). Shropshire and Derby (slight increase). Hereford, Cambridge, Northumberland. „ 2'.)vd. Sussex and Leicester (slight increase). „ :^4th. Devon (nesting). Brecknock, Cyundier- land, Renfrew. ,, 25tli. Gloucester and Warwick (increase). Isle of Wight, Radnor. „ 2tjth. Isle of Wight, Somerset and Berks (in- crease). Oxford, Middlesex. „ 27th. Essex, Somerset, Worcester and Yorkshire (increase). Carmarthen, Cardigan. „ 28th. Middlesex, Radnor and Yorkshire (in- crease). Shropshire (great increase). Denbigh. 2'.»tli. Dorset, Kent, Oxford, Radnor, Stafford- shire and C/heshire (increase). Somerset (usual numbers). Kent and Shropshire (nests). Yorkshire (nesting). „ .'50th. Cambridge, Radnor and Cheshire (in- crease). Berks (usual numbers). May 1st. Herts and Derby (increase). Radnor (decrease), (nest). Stirling. „ 2ud. Essex and Leicester (increase). Hants (slight increase). Somerset (nest with eggs). Westmoreland. „ 3rd. Wilts and Oxford (increase). „ 4th. Wilts and Radnor (increase). Lancashire (slight increase). Kent (nest with eggs). Bucks. „ 4th/5th. Guernsey and Severn Estuary lights. „ 5th. Essex, Wilts, Bucks and Leicester (in- crease). Essex and Herts (nests). 56 Mrty 5tli/Gtli. Guernsey, Hants, Carnarvon, Lancashire and Yorkshire lights. ,, (jth. Hants, Sussex, Essex, Wilts and Cumber- land (increase). Shropshire and Uerb}' (usual numbers) . Stattordshire (nesting) . Westmoreland (nest with egg). „ 6th/7th. Guernsey, Hants and Yorkshire lights. „ 7tli. Essex and Lincoln (increase). Essex (nest with egg). Pentland Skerries. 7th/^;th. Hants and Isle of Man lights. „ 8th. Hants, Essex, Norfolk and Lincoln (in- crease). Pentland Skerries (decrease). 8th/0th. Yorkshire light. ,, ytli. Wilts, Glamorgan, Essex, Cambridge, Norfolk, Cheshire and Lancashire (in- crease). Suffolk (slight increase). „ 9th/10th. Kent light. „ 10th. Sussex, Essex, Glamorgan, Lancashire and Renfrew (increase). Cambridge (de- crease). Sussex (nest). „ 11th. Essex, Staffordshire, Cheshire and Nor- thumberland (increase). Merioneth and Pentland Skerries (slight increase). Ayr, Lanark. „ llth/12th. Hants and Yorkshire lights. ,, 12tb. Essex (increase). Pentland Skerries (de- crease). (Jambridge (usual numbers). Lancashire (nesting). „ 12th/13th. Guernsey and Hants lights. ,, 13th. Cheshire and Renfrew (usual numbers). Hants (nest with young). ., i;Uh/14th. Yorkshire light. ,, 14th/15th. Guernsey and Yorkshire lights. „ ir)th. Warwick (nest with eggs). Pentland Skerries (increase). „ 15th/lGth. Yorkshire light. 57 May IGth. Glamoro;,in and Gloucester (nest with eggs). 17th. Berks (nesting). PentlanJ Skerries (de- crease). 18th. Oxford (young hatched). 19th. Dorset (nesting). 19th/L>0th. Lancashire light. 20th. Derby (nest with eggs). 58 LESSER WHITETHROAT. -*9 THE LESSER WHITETHROAT. Salvia curruca (L.). This bird appears to liave arrived along the whole of the south coast, but chiefly ou the eastern half. The first arrivals reported were in Berkshire on the 8th of April and in Cornwall on the 9th. Between the 13th and the 19fch there seems to have been a stracrolino- ininiioration of small numbers along the whole of the south coast and a second small influx on the 21st and 22nd ; the effect of these was to produce a thin and scattered distribution over the greater part of the bird's range. A third and somewhat larger immigration occurred on the 27th and 29th at both the eastern and western extremities of the south coast, which reinforced the numbers already present and filled up some of the gaps in the distribution of the species. There seems to have been a fourth arrival in the west during the first day or two of May, which augmented the numbers both in the western counties and in south Wales. After the 3rd the majority of the birds had evidently settled down and nesting soon became general. Migration on the eastern side of the country, however, continued actively up to the middle of the month, arrivals taking place in Kent on the 4th, 6th and 10th, and in Hamp- shire on the 7th. These birds seem to have been mainly passage-migrants on their way to more northern breeding- haunts. Nests with eggs were found in Surrey on the 4th of May, in Shropshire on the 5th, in Kent on the 6th, and in Derby and Yorkshire on the 13th and 15th. e2 60 Chronological Summary of the Records. April 8th. B<^rks. 0th. Corinvull. „ 13th. Somerset. „ 15th. Surrey. „ ir»th. Surrey (slight increase). ,, 17th. Surrey (decrease). Kent. „ 18th. Devon, Dorset, Herts. „ 10th. Sussex, Gloucester. „ 20th. Leicester. „ 21st. Berks (increase). Hants, Wilts. ,, 22nd. Somerset (slight increase). Cambridge, Yorkshire. „ 23rd. Worcester. „ 24th. Denbigh. „ 2r)th. Gloucester (increase). Middlesex. „ 2Gth. Oxford, Shropshire, Cheshire. „ 27th. Somerset (increase). Essex, "Warwick, Derljy. „ 28th. Shropshire (increase). Cheshire (slight increase). Glamorgan, Brecknock, Norfolk. „ 20th. Dorset (increase). Kent (slight increase). Northampton, Radnor, Staffordshire. „ 30th. Cheshire (increase). May 1st. Herts (increase). Warwick (slight in- crease). Westmoreland. „ 3rd. Glamorgan and Oxford (increase). Wor- cester (usual numbers). ,j 4th. Essex (increase). Surrey (nest with egos) . ,j 5th. j\Ii(l(lles('x (slight increase). Shropshire (nest with eggs). Bucks. „ Cth. Kent, Essex, Somerset, Gloucester and Sin'opshire (increase). Kent (nest witii eggs). 6th/7th. Yorkshire light. 61 May 7th. Hants (increase). Cainbridge (slight in- crease). Lincoln, Cumberland, Pentland Skerries. „ 9th. Lancashire. „ 9th/10th. Kent light. 10th. Wilts (nest with eggs). Pentland Sker- ries (decrease). „ 11th. Pentland Skerries (increase). Hants and Essex (nests with eggs). Anglesey. ,, 12th. Pentland Skerries (decrease). Somerset, Radnor and Lincoln (nests with eggs). „ 13th. Shropshire (increase). Derby (nest with eggs). ,, 14th. Northumberland. „ loth. Yorkshire (nest with eggs). ,, 20th. Merioneth (nesting). 62 BLACKCAP. C3 THE BLACKCAP. Sylvia atrlcapilla (L.). The Blackcap entered the country along the whole of the south coast, but chiefly on the western half. A male seen in Somerset on the 14th and 15th of January, and killed by a cat three days later, had doubtless remained in the locality from the previous autumn. During the fourth week in March straoolers bef^an to make their appearance in the southern counties, and from that date up to the 2nd of April single birds or small numbers were recorded in Cornwall, Devonshire, Hampshire, Sussex, Surrey, Berkshire, Somerset and Gloucester. Between the 3rd and the 9th small immigrations occurred, chiefly in the west, which served to extend the bird^s range somewhat further north ; but with the exception of an early straggler which reached Renfrew on the 5th, none seem to have penetrated beyond a line through north Wales, Shropshire, Staffordshire and Leicester before the 20th of April. On the 14th and 15th a second small immigration occurred, which apparently served to fill up gaps in the area already occupied. From the 18th to the 28th arrivals on rather a larger scale took place along the whole of the south coast, and the effect of these was at once apparent in extending the bird's range towards the north. Derbyshire and Yorkshire were reached on the 20th and Cumberland and Northumberland on the following day. The northward passage of some of these migrants is also shown by their occurrence at Bardsey light (Carnarvon) on the 21st/22nd, while East Anglia, which had hitherto been but thinly populated, began to fill up about the same time. 64 Between the 3rd and 8th of May there were fiirtlier con- siderable arrivals of Blackcaps on the western half of the south coast, followed by a final small arrival in Hanij)shire on the 15th. The majority of these birds seem to have been on their way to the northern counties. Nesting commenced in Berkshire on the 24th of April, in Glamorgan on the 30th, and in Hertford on the 1st of May, on which date a nest with eggs was found in Kent. Nests with eggs were also recorded in Somerset on the 2nd, in Glamorgan and Surrey on the 4th, and in Dorsetshire, Hampshire, Wiltshire and Essex on the 11th of May. Chronological Summary of the Records. Jan. 14th & 1 5th. Somerset. Berks. Sussex, Gloucester. Somerset. Devon, Surrey. Cornwall. Hants. Devon and Somerset (passing). Sussex, Wilts, Worcester. Gloucester, Kent. Berks, Renfrew. Kent (slight increase). Essex. Hereford. Somerset (increase). Oxford. Devon (increase). Shropshire. Devon (decrease). Leicester. Bedford, Cambridge, Suffolk, Clioliiro. Gloucester (increase). Herts, \\ ;u\vic'k. i;Uh/14th. Hants light. 14th. lierks (increase). Middlesex, Merioneth, lotli. Isle of Wight, Dorset, Glamorgan. 17th. Somerset (increase). Carmarthen, Mon- mouth, Stattordshire. March 24th. 55 2Gth. 55 28th. 15 30th. April 1st. ^5 2nd. T> 3rd. 55 4th. ,^ 5th. 55 Gth. 55 7th. 55 8th. 5J 9th. 5» 10th. <5 1 2 th. 13th. 65 April 18tli. Devon, Somerset and Berks (increase). Hants (slight increase). „ 10th. Kent (increase). Somerset (decrease). Cardioan, Denbigh. >, 20th. Shropshire (increase). Wilts and Suffolk (slight increase). Noifolk, Derby, Yorkshire. „ 21st. Northampton, Cumberland, Northumber- land. „ 21st/22nd. Carnarvon light. „ 22nd. Kent and Somerset (increase). „ 23rti. Cornwall. 24th. Berks (nesting). „ 25th. Isle of Wight (increase). Cheshire (slight increase). „ 26th. Bedford and Glamorgan (slight increase). Carnarvon. „ 27th. Somerset, Surrey and Essex (increase). „ 28th. Hants (slight increase). Radnor. „ 29th. Northampton (slight increase). ,, 30th. Glamorgan (nesting). Lancashire. May 1st. Kent (nest with eggs). Herts (nesting). „ 2nd. Middlesex and Cambridge (slight in- crease). Sussex (nesting). Worcester (usual numbers). „ 3rd. Isle of Wight and Glamorgan (increase). Herts (slight increase). „ 4th. Surrey (nest with figg>). Bucks. „ 5th. Bucks (increase). AVilts (slight increase). „ 6th. Dorset (increase). Somerset (great in- crease). Shropshire (usual numbers). Lincoln, Westmoreland. J, 7th. Hants and Yorkshire (increase). ,, 7th/8th. Hants light. „ 9th. Somerset (nest with eggs). , 10th. Anglesey (usual numbers). May 11th. Lincoln (increase). Dorset, Hants, "Wilts and Essex (nests with eggs). ,, 12th. Merioneth (increase). ,, 13th. Lancashire (increase). Leicester (great increase). „ 14th/ir)th. Hants light. ,, 15th. Suffolk (nest with eggs). „ 18th. Oxford (slight increase). „ llHh. Kadnor (slight increase). Middlesex and Derby (nests with eggs). Yorkshire (young birds hatched). 67 THE GARDEN-WARBLER. Sylvia Iwrtensis, Beclist. This bird appears to have arrived along the whole o£ the south coast, but chiefly on the eastern half. Single birds were recorded in Sussex, Coi'nwall and Kent on the 12th, 13th and 14th of April, but little in the way of immigration appears to have taken place up to the end of the month. Small arrivals apparently took place about the 16th, 18th and 21st, and a rather larger one be- tween the 25th and 27th ; up to the 3rd of May, though there were large numbers in one or two places, the species was thinly distributed over the greater part of England and Wales. Stragglers reached Yorkshire on the 23rd, Westmoreland on the 27th of April, Cumberland on the 2nd and Northumberland on the 6th of May. The first considerable arrival of Garden-Warblers took place between the 4th and 8th of May, several being observed at Hanoi s light (Guernsey) and St. Catherine's light (Hants) on the night of the 6th/ 7th, and many at St. Catherine's on the 7th/8th. As the result of these immigrations an increase in the number of birds throughout the country became apparent, particularly in the northern counties, Scotland being reached on the 12th and 11th. In the meantime the earlier arrivals had already commenced to nest, and were reported in Surrey and Somerset on the 5th and in Kent and Radnor on the 9th and 10th. Nests with effss were found in Northamptonshire on the 5th, in Yorkshire on the 8th, and in Oxfordshire and Lancashire on the 18th and 19th. From the 10th to the 15th of May a further immigration took place on the eastern half of the south coast, while 68 GArvDEN-WAHBLER. 69 migrants were also recorded at the Channel Islands on the last-named date. The majority o£ the birds partaking in this movement seem to have been passage-migrants either on their way to breeding-places in Scotland or passing by the east coast route to more northern summer-quarters. Chronological Summary of the Records. April 12th. Sussex. 13th. Cornwall. „ 14:th. Kent. 15th. Bedford. ,, 16th. Devon, Somerset. „ 18th. Somerset (increase). Dorset, Wilts, Shrop- shire. „ 19th. Herts. „ 20th. Gloucester. „ 21st. Hants, Northampton, Suffolk. „ 22nd. Surrey, Derby. „ 23rd. Yorkshire. „ 25th. Isle of Wight, Rutland. „ 2C)th. Monmouth. ^, 27th. Surrey (increase). Middlesex, Leicester, Westmoreland. „ 28th. Rutland (slight increase). Somerset (nest). Glamorgan, Essex, Cambridge. „ 29th. Northampton (increase). Radnor, Che- shire. „ 30th. Radnor (increase). Berks. May 1st. Oxford, Merioneth, Staffordshire. ,, 2nd. Lancashire, Cumberland. ,, 3rd. Gloucester (usual numbers). ,, 4th. Essex and Radnor (increase). „ 5th. Surrey and Shropshire (increase). Surrey (nesting). Northampton and Somer- set (nests with eggs). „ 6th. Shropshire and Staffordshire (increase). Northumberland. 70 :\ray <;tli/7th. V Tth. 5? 7th/8th. r, 8 th. 1? 9th. ?) 10 th. 11th llth/12th. 12th. 12th/13th. 14th. 14th/15th. 15th. 15th/lGth. IGth. 18 th. 19th. 2.3 rd. 2Gth. 30th. 31st. Guernsey and Hants light?. Hants andShro[)>hire (increase). Cardigan, Lincoln. Hants light, Shropshire, Lincoln and Yorkshire (in- crease). Yorkshire (nest with egg). Kent (nesting). Brecknock. Sussex (slight increase), Radnor (nest- ing). Anglesey (usual numbers). Merioneth and Yorkshire (increase). Sus- sex (slight increase). Dorset and Essex (nests). Hants light. Renfrew, Loch Lomond. Hants lioht. Ayr. Guernsey and Hants lights. Pentland Skerries. Suffolk and Yorkshire lights. Pentland Skerries (slight increase). Lanark and Loch Lomond (increase). Pentland Skerries (decrease). Oxford (nest with eggs). Middlesex and Oxford (increase). Lan- cashire (nest with eggs). Derby (nest with eggs). Warwick (nest with eggs). Westmoreland (nest with eggs). Northumberland (nest with eggs). 71 THE GRASSHOPPER-WARBLER. Locustella noevia (Bodd.). The information regarding the Grasshopper- Warbler was very meagre ; in fact, it was probably seldom recorded except when special visits were made to known breeding-areas. It is almost impossible therefore to make any definite statement with regard to its area of arrival or subsequent passage through the country ; but, on the whole, the evidence points to its having arrived almost entirely on the western half of tlie south coast. The first arrivals reported were in Dorsetshire on the 12th of April, but from the occurrence of the species at Bardsey light (Carnarvon) two nights later, it would appear that the earlier migrants were mostly overlooked. From the 16th to the end of the month first arrivals, mostly single birds, were noted in sixteen counties, including York- shire on the 24th and Cumberland on the 27th. During May one or two records of fluctuating numbers suggested that migration was still going on, but they were not sufficiently numerous for any conclusions to be drawn from them. A nest with four eggs was found in Norfolk on the 21st of May. The most interesting point with regard to this species was its occurrence at the light-stations. All the records but one from Spurn Head light (Yorkshire) on the 4th/5th of JMay were from west coast stations, where the birds occurred in comparatively large numbers. Many were recorded at the Isle of Man on the 23rd of April and there was evidently a considerable passage of Grasshopper- Warblers up the west coast on that date. 72 The shigle east coast light-recorJ perhaps points to a simihxr passage up the east coast, but in the entire absence o£ any corroborative records or of any definite evidence o£ arrivals at the eastern extremity of the south coast, it would be unsafe to draw any conclusion from it. Chronological Summary of the Records. Dorset. Carnarvon liglit. Surrey. Norfolk. Glamorgan, Northampton. Carmarthen, Tslo of Man. Denbigh, Yorkshire. AVilts. Cheshire. Cumberland. Cornwall. Oxford, Worcester, Merioneth. Suffolk. Somerset. Cornwall (slight increase). Ayr. Cornwall (increase). Carnarvon light. Northampton (increase). Ilants. Yorkshire lio;ht. Cornwall (decrease). Anglesey. Westmoreland. Oxford (increase). Anglesey light. StatVordshiro. Derby, Lancashire. Norfolk (nest with eggs). April 12th. >» IStli/lith ?» 10th. 5> 17th. ?? 20th. •>> 23rd. ?? 24th. 9» 25th. »5 2Gth. 5> 27th. 7i 28 th. ?? 29 th. ?> 30th. May 1st. » 3rd. »> 5th. T> 5th/Gth. ;» 6th. ^1 Gth/7th. ?5 10th. »» 11th. 1) 12th. V 13th. >> 14th/ir>th >) 18th. »» llHh. n 21st. THE CHIFFCnAFF. PhijUoscopus riifas (Bechst.). Chiffchaffs were reported to be wintering in some numbers at Penzance (Cornwall), but were not quite so numerous as usual. One Avas shot there in January, a second in west Somerset on the IGth of the same month, and a third was heard in the south of Cornwall on the last day of February. It has been suggested, apparently with good reason, by observers in Somerset that the birds seen in that county during the first half of March were some of the winter- residents, and this may be true of some of the other early records. This species entered the country along the whole of the south coast, but chiefly on its western half. Making allow- ance for the winter-residents above mentioned, the first migrants seem to have landed between the 14:th and 17th of March and distributed themselves sparsely over the southern counties and up the Welsh border as far as Shropshire and perhaps Lancashire. The first large immigration took place along the whole of the south coast between the 26th to the 2'Jth of March, the majority of the birds coming in on the western side. Many of them seem again to have passed north along the Welsh border, spreading east and west into the western midlands and Wales, and reaching Denbigh, Yorkshire and West- moreland on the 28th. The eastern birds, fewer in number, seem to have spread more slowly through the Home counties and East Anglia, Northampton being reached on the 28th, Rutland and Lincoln on the 29th and Leicester on the 30th. The second immigration, a *mall one, arrived on the F u CHIFFOHAFF. <3 western half of the south coast between the 1st and 3rd of April, but its effect cannot be traced for any great distance. On the othof April a very extensive movement began with an arrival at the eastern end of the south coast, followed by one in the west two days later. This migration, which seems to have contained the bulk of our nesting-birds, was continued without intermission in the west and at intervals in the east up to the 15th. The arrival of some numljers in the west on the 17th of April may be regarded as the continuation of this extensive movement, and migration was also recorded at Hanois light (Guernsey) during the previous night. With the arrival of these birds the ChiffchafF's distribution was quickly completed, and the usual numbers were reported from Cornwall on the 14th, Devon- sliire, Worcestershire and Cheshire on the 15th, and Berkshire, Carmarthen, Suffolk and Carnarvon on the 22nd. Nesting- was reported from Devonshire on the 15th, from Berkshire and Shropshire by the 19th, and from Wiltshire on the 21st, while eggs were found in Somerset on the 25th, and in Dorsetshire and Lincolnshire on the 4th and 8th of May, There seem to have been further small immigrations on the 20th and 30th of April and the 4th and 6th of May, chiefly on the eastern half of the south coast, but their progress through the country cannot be traced. Chronological Summary of the Records. Cornwall, Somerset. Cornwall. Somerset. Somerset, Dorset. • Devon, Leicestei. Gloucester, Shropshire. Isle of Wight. Sussex, Surrey, Glamorgan. Cornwall, Worcester, Bedford. Cornwall (a fewj. f2 Jan. 16th. Feb. 29th. Marc :h 4tb. 10th. 11th. 13th. 14th. 16th. 17th. 17th/24th, Id :Shurh 21st. TIunt<. 2211(1. Essox. „ 2'.h\\. Kent, Bucks, Lancasliire. 24tli. Borks, Herts, A\'arwick. ,, 25th. Wilts. Hereford, Northanipton. , 2(Ith. Devon and Shropshire (increase). Isle of Wi^lit and Somerset (sliolit increase). 27th. Surrey (increase). Hants and Essex (slioht increase). Devon (decrease). Carmarthen, Oxford, Middlesex, Nor- folk. ,. 28th. Devonshire, Sussex and Shropshire (in- crease). Coniwall (^I'eat increase). Essex (decrease). ^lonmouth. Denl)ioh, Derby, Notts, Yorkshire, Westmoreland. „ 21)th. Kent and Shropshire (increase). Cornwall (great increase). Brecknock, Merioneth, liutland, Lincoln. ,, .'>()th. Yorkshire (increase). Leicester (slight in- crease). Cheshire. ,, 3lst. Shropshire (increase). Wilts, Gloucester and Bedford (slioht increase). Kent (decrease), (jardigan. April 1st. Dorset and Worcester (increase). Cam- bridge. „ 2nd. Glamorgan and Hereford (slight increase). (^lmberland. „ 3rd. Berks (increase). Carnarvon. ,, 4th. Herts (slight increase). „ 5th. Kent and Surrey (increase). Warwick (slight increase). Radnor, Staffordshire. „ 6th Kent and Surrey (increase). Leicester (slight increase). Suffolk. „ 7th. Connvall, Kent and J^cdford (increase). Notts and Lincoln (slight increase). „ 8th. Devon, Kent, Somerset, Gloucester and Staft'ordshire (increase). Carmarthen (slight increase). 77 April *)tli. Devon (increase). Moimioutli (-^liolit in- crease). ,, lOtli. Devon and Leicester (increase). Shrop- shire (decrease). Anglesey, Isle o£ Man. „ 11 til. Devon (increase). „ 12tli. Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Hants, Somerset, Gloucester and Middles<'x (increase). Glamorgan and Merioneth (slight in- crease). i;kh. Devon, Isle of Wight, Hants, Wilts, Herts and Essex (increase). „ lith. Devon and Glamorgan (increase). Corn- wall (usual numbers). „ 15th. Hants, Kent, Wilts, Northampton and Shropshire (increase). Berks (decrease). Devon, Worcester and Cheshire (usual nuniljers). Devon (nesting). „ lGth/17th. Guernsey light. „ 17th. Dorset, Hants, Denbigh and Yorkshire (increase). ,, lyth. Middlesex, Denbigh and C/arnarvon (in- crease). Berks (great increase), „ iOth. Lincoln (increase). Berks (nesting). Shropshire (nest). ,. 20th. Wilts, Suffolk, Radnor and Jjcicester (in- crease). Sussex (passingj. „ 21st. Wilts (nesting). „ 22nd. Caml)ridge (increase). Middlesex (de- crease). Hants (nest). Berks, Car- marthen, Suffolk and Carnarvon (usual numbers). „ 23rd. Yoi-kshire and Leicester (decrease). Arran. „ 24:th. Derby (increase). „ 25th. Cambridge (decrease). Somerset (nest with egg). , 26th. Bedford (increase). Gloucester (nest). „ 27th. Lincoln and Yorkshire '^increase). 78 April 28th. Isle o£ Man (sligLt increase). NoHhum- berland. ., 20th. Staffordshire (usual numbers). „ 30th. Sussex (increase). May 3rd. Nortluiinberland (increase). „ 4th. AVilts and Middlesex (increase). Dorset (nest with eggs). „ 5th. Derby (decrease). ,, Gth. Sussex (increase). „ 8th. Lincoln (nest with og,^^). „ 10th. Anglesey (usual numbers). „ 21st. Isle of Man (increase). THE WILLOW- WARBLER. PJti/lloscopus trocli'ilats (L.). The Willow-Warbler arrived alono; the whole o£ the south coast, but chiefly on the western half. The earliest record was of one seen in Dorsetshire on the 10th of March, and between the 14th and 29th stragglers were reported in a few districts as far north as Staffordshire, Northamptonshire and Leicestershire. Between the 27th of March and the 8th of April small numbers arrived in a straggling manner at points along the whole of the south coast and scattered over the country, but with the exception of one or two birds that reached Westmoreland on the 4th of April and Yorkshire on the Gth, they do not seem to have penetrated any further north than their predecessors, though they spread laterally into Wales and East Anglia. On the 9th and 11th an immigration of somewhat larger dimensions occurred at the eastern end of the south coast, but if the birds composing it penetrated far from their points of entry, their subsequent course was lost in the very extensive movement that immediately succeeded it. This latter, which no doubt included the bulk of our breeding- birds, began with arrivals at both the eastern and western ends of the south coast on the 12th and 13th. In the west fresh arrivals took place daily up to the 28th and in Hampshire up to the 20th of April ; between that date and the 28th in Hampshire, and up to the 21st in Sussex and Kent, the arrivals were intermittent and seem then to have ceased. During the earlier half of this movement con- siderable numbers occurred at the light-stations oflf the Devon and Cornish coasts, as well as in the Channel Islands. The progress of these birds northward is well shown in the Chronological Summary, the southern counties filling up so WILLOW-WARBLEU. 81 first, and those on the western side of the country being considerably in advance of those on the east : thus numbers had reached Lancashire and Cumberland, and others had penetrated some distance into the ( Jlyde area before there was any appreciable increase in East Anglia, Nottingham and Lincoln, and the first record for Northumberland Avas coincidental with that from Argyll. The magnitude of the movement on the western side was also shown by the hirge numbers passing north by a coastal route. This was indicated by the number of records and the very considerable number of individuals recorded from the light-stations between Lundy Island (N. Devonj and the Isle of Man and the Lancashire coast during that period. A similar but smaller movement by a route up the east coast was indicated by the occurrences at the lights on the Yorkshire coast on the I'Jth and 20th. A second extensive innnigration, chiefly on the western half of the south coast, took place during the first half of Ma}': commencing on the 4tli, arrivals took place daily up to the 8th and then intermittently up to the 15th. The majority of these birds were no doubt passage-migrants on their way to more northerly nesting-areas. It was doubtful from the records whether any considerable number passed through the country ; for our own birds being at that time very numerous, passage-migrants were difficult to detect. There can be no doubt, however, that very considerable numbers passed north b}- both the east and west coast routes as was shown by the records from the light-stations, which indicate that these passage-movements were in progress until the end of May. Willow-Warblers were nesting in Iladnor on the 21st of April and in Glamorgan and Shropshire on the 21th and 25th, while nests with eggs were found in Cheshire on the 29th, in Yorkshire on the 5th of May, in Wiltshire and Staffordshire on the 6th, in Derby on the 17th, in Oxford on the 19th and in Perthshire on the 23rd. An example of the Northern "Willow-Warbler [Pliylloscopits trochilns eversmanni) was killed at Ilanois light (Guernsey) on the Gth/7th of May. 82 Chronological Summary uf the Records. March 10th. Dorset. 14th. Berks. „ 15th. Guernsey. „ 19tli. Gloucester. „ 24th. Northampton. „ 26th. Somerset, Staffordsliire, Leicester. „ 27th. Kent. „ 29th. Staffordshire (slight increase). Car- marthen. „ 31st. Cornwall, Essex, Bedford, Shropshire. April 1st. Somerset (increase). Peml^roke, Hereford, Norfolk. „ 2nd. Sussex, Surrey, Suffolk, Derby. „ 3rd. Devon, Hants. „ 4th. Carnarvon, Westmoreland. „ 5th. Dorset, Kent, Brecknock, Merioneth, (/heshire. ,, 6th. Monmouth, Yorkshire. „ 7th. Bedford (great increase). Wilts, Here- ford, Cambridge. „ 9th. Kent (slight increase). Isle of Wight, Denbigh. „ 10th. Glamorgan, Berks. „ 11th. Sussex (increase). Lincoln. „ 12th. Devon and Gloucester (increase). Middle- sex, Herts, Radnor. „ 12th/13th. Cornwall light. „ 13tii. Isle of Wight, Hants, Kent, Surrey, Essex, Herts and Derby (increase). Worcester, W^arwick, Cumberland. „ 13th/l-lth. Devon, Hants and Carnarvon lights. 14th, Surrey, Glamorgan and Shropshire (in- crease). Northampton (great increase). Leicester (slight increase). Oxford, Isle of Man. „ llth/15th. Cornwall, Carnarvon and Anglesey lights. 83 April 15tli. „ 15th/16th. ,, 16th. „ 16th/17th. 17th. 18th. „ 18th/19th. 19th. „ 19th/20th. 20th. „ 20th/21st. 21st. „ 21st/22iid. 22nd. Isle of Wioht, Dorset, Essex, Worcester, Leicester and Cheshire (increase). Pembroke (slioht increase). Cardigan, Lancashire, Renfrew. Guernsey and Hants lights. Cheshire and Lancashire (increase). Notts. Guernsey, Cornwall and Hants lights. Dorset, Hants, Glamorgan, Monmouth, Radnor, Shropshire and Denbigh (in- crease). Somerset (great increase). Renfrew, Ayr. Devon, Hants, Sussex, Berks, Wilts, Shrop- shire and Cumberland (increase). Norfolk (slight increase). Somerset and C*ar- narvon (great increase). Cornwall, Montgomery. Guernsey and Yorkshire lights. Devon, Hants, Berks, Gloucester, Oxford, Middlesex, Staffordshire, Yorkshire and Cumberland (increase). Northumber- land, Argyll. Yorkshire light. Devon, Hants, Wilts, Essex, Herts, Leicester, Warwick, Staffordshire, York- shire and Lancashire (increase). West- moreland (slight increase). Berks (de- crease) . Carnarvon light. Kent, Surrey, Middlesex, Suffolk, Radnor, Warwick, Staffordshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire and Northumberland (in- crease). Renfrew and Argyll (great increase). Radnor (nesting). Carnarvon lioht. Devon, Somerset, Carmarthen, Cambridge, Staffordshire, Westmoreland, Cumber- land, Northumberland and Renfrew (in- crease). Brecknock and Staffordshire 84 (ii;reat increase). Shroji.sliire, Cheshire and Derby (usual nunil)ers). April 23r(l. Devon, Oxford and lienfrew (increase). Staffordshire (great increase). Yorkhire (usual numbers). „ 24th. Devon, Monmouth, Lincoln and llenfrevv (increase). Shropshire (nest). ,, 25th. Devon, Cambridge, Isle of Man and Ken- frew (increase). Glamorgan (nest). „ 2Gth. Devon, Bedford, Renfrew and Argyll (in- crease) . „ 27th. Devon and Lincoln (increase). Devon (nest with eggs). „ 28th. Devon, Merioneth and Montgomery (in- crease). „ 29th. Somerset, Berks, Carmarthen, Stafford- shire and Cund)erland (usual numbers). Cheshire (nest with eggs). „ 30th. Dorset (decrease). May Lst. Merioneth (increase). „ 3rd. L-^le of Wight (nest with eggs). Essex (nest). „ 3rd/4th. Somerset light. ,, 4th. Dorset and Sussex (increase). Hants and Surrey (nesting). „ 4th '.5th. Somerset, Lancashire and Isle of ]\Ian li^-hts. _ „ .5th. Bedford (increase). Yorkshire (nest with „ 5th/Gth. Guernsey, Hants, Carnarvon, Isle of Man and Yorkshire lights. ,, r»th. Wilts and Staffordshire (nests with eggs). ,, ()ih/7tli. Guernsey, Hants and Yorkshire lights. ,, 7th. Lancashire (increase). Somerset (nest with eggs). „ 7th/8th. Hants ami Somerset lights. „ 8th/i)th. Yorkshire light. 9th. loth. Kent linht. 85 May lOtli. Laiu'asliirc (increase). lOth/lltli.. Tsle of Mm lioht. lltli. Pentland iSkerries (numbers arrived ). lltli/12tli. Somerset light. null, Lancashire (nest with eggs). Pentlan< Skerries (decrease). 14th n nth. Gnernsev and Yorkshire liohts. 15th. Pentlatid Skerries (slight increase). 15th/ltJth. Yorkshire light. Kith. Westmoreland (nest). 17th. Derhy (uest -with eo-o-s). 18th. Pentland Skerries (decrease). ir>th. Oxford (nest with eggs). 23rd. Perth (nest with eggs). aOth/;Ust. Isle of Man light. 86 THE WOOD-WARBLER. Phylloscopus sibilatriv (Bechst.). No very definite evidence was furnished bj tbe reports sent in as to the points of entry of this species on our southern coast, but it seems to have arrived mainly on the eastern half. The earliest record was from Cheshire on the 16th of April, and from that date to the end of the month the birds appear to have straggled into the country either singly or in very small numbers. A slight immigratory movement probably took place between the 18th and 23rd, when a few were noted in Devonshire and Dorsetshire, and several in Hampshire, the birds in the latter county passing on at once. It also seems probable that there was a secontl small immi- gration at the end of the month. The May records were likewise very scanty, and as no Wood-Warblers were observed at any of the lights it can only be said that a slightly more marked influx seems to have taken })lace between the 4th and 12th. Wood-Waiblers were nestino- in Somerset and Surrey on the 2nd of May, in Devonshire on the 11th, and in Northumberland on the 16th, while a nest with eggs was found in Radnor on the 10th and one with young in Berkshire on the 2Gth. Chronological Sumjlvry or the Records. April 16th. Cheshire. „ 18th. Dorset. „ null. Kent, Berks, Staffordshire, Denbigh. „ 20th. Devon, Sussex, Glamorgan, Brecknock, Radnor. Jjcicester, Northumberland. 87 April 2Lst. Wiltr^, Yorkshire. „ 22nd. Hants, Westmoreland. „ 23rd. Dorset (increase). Shropshire, Cardigan, Cumberland. „ 24th. Somerset. „ 25th. Monmouth. „ 2Gth. Surrey, Gloucester. „ 27th. Yorkshire (increase). Middlesex, "War- wick. „ 28th. Essex, Herts, Lancashire, Arran, Dum- barton. Shropshire (increase). Carmarthen, Ayr. Merioneth. Somerset and Surrey (nesting). Derby. Bedford. Radnor (increase). Essex, Surrey and Monmouth (slight increase). Oxford, Bucks. 6th. Derby (slight increase). Shropshire (usual numbers). Northampton. 7th. Hants (increase). 9th. Northumberland (slight increase). 10th. Merioneth (increase). Anglesey (few), Radnor (nest with eggs). Worcester. 11th. Devon (nesting). 12th. Essex (increase). 16th. Northumberland (nest). 18th. Derby (increase). 23rd. Gloucester (slight increase). 26th. Berks (nest v/ith young). 5- 29th. il 30th. May 2nd. 5> 3rd. n 4th/5th. 5» 5th. 86 THE REED-WARBLE Px. Acrocephalus streperus (Vicill.j. LiFvE the Grasshopper-Warbler, the present species -\vas seldom recorded unless a special visit was paid to its nesting- Inunts. Consequently, owing to the scantiness and doubtful nature of many of the records (so many of them being based on single observations) its points of entry and suljse- qucni movements were very difficult to define. On the whole it seems ])rol)able that it entered the country mainly on the eastern half of the south coast. The first arrivals reported were in Hampshire and Surrey on the I'.Hli of April, and on the following day a few were noted in Suffolk. An influx of migrants must have taken place about the 3rd week in April, as a few were observed in CJheshire on the 25th, and increased numbers were reported in the same county on the 2()th and 27th. The larger number of our summer-residents, however, seem to have arrived during the first fortnight in May, an increase beino- recorded in Kent on the 1st, in Somerset on the otji, and in Essex on the 8th and 13th, while a single bird was killed at St. Catherine's light (Hampshire) on the night of the 6th/7th. Reed-Warblers were nesting in Hamj)shire on the 20th of May and in Westmoreland on the 30th. Nests with eggs were found in Essex on the 21st, in Oxford on the 2(Jth, and in Somerset on the 20th. Chronological Summauy of the Records. Ai)ril 10th. Hants, Surrey. 20th SufVolk. 89 April 2Ist. Kent, Herts. 2oth. (Cheshire. 26th. Somerset. 2(Ith/27tli. Cheshire (iucrease). 27th. CanibriJoe, Leicester. 20th. Wilts, Essex. May 1st. Kent (increase). 2nd. Bedford. 4th; Lancashire. 5tli. Somerset (slight increase). 6th. Cheshire (usual numbers). Northampton. 6th/7th. Hants light. 7th. Middlesex. btli. Essex (iucrease). 9 th. Sussex. lOth. Northumberland. 13th. Essex (increase). Derliy. 1-lth. Oxford. ll>th. Yorkshire. 20th. Hants (nesting). 21st. Essex (nest ^vith eggs). 2()th. Oxford (nest with eggs). 2l)th. Somerset (nest with egg). 30th. Westmoreland (nestmg). 90 SEDGE-WARBLER. 91 THE SEDGE-WARBLER. Aevoreplialus pIn'Kijnutis (lkxlii>t.). The Sedoe-Wiirblcr arrived along the wliole of the south coast, but chiefly on the eastern half. The first arrivals recorded were two birds in Somersetshire on the 7th of April. A few other strao-glers api)eared be- tween that date and the 1-lth, and were followed by slightly larger numbers in Hampshire and Kent on the ir)th, and in Dorset on the 17th. Further smaller immigrations occurred on the south coast as far west as the Eddvstone between the 20th and 22nd, at the Isles of Scilly on the 2()th, and in Dorsetshire on the 20th, so that l)y the end of the month Sedge-Warblers were thinly but evenly distributed over the whole country. They reached Yorkshire by the 21st and (Cumberland on the 2nth, while arrivals were recorded in the Clyde area by the 1st and 2nd of May. In the latter half of the first week of May a larger immi- gration took place along the whole of the soutli coast, and was followed by another during the second week of the month, both of these movements being recorded in the Channel Islands. The first of these seems to have comprised both passao-e- migrants and our own summer-residents, more particularly those of the midlaiuls, northern counties and Scotland while the second S(^ems to have consisted mainly of passao-e- niigrants. The presence of the latter in both movements is shown by the occurrences at lights on the west and more particularly on the east coast, as well as by the records from the Pentland Skerries. These passage-movements continued until the middle of the third week in Mav. In the mean- while the earlier arrivals lost but little time in settlino- down i)2 as they wore lU'stiiio- in Cheshire on the 3r(l of M:iy, in Hampshire on the 0th, in Suffolk on the 8th, and in Berk- shire and (4hunoroan on the 9th. Young hirds \Yere hatching out in AViltshire on the 18th. Chkonological Summary of the Records. April 7tli. Somerset. J, i)tli. Devon, Wilts. llkh. Berks. „ 14th. Herts. „ 15th. Hants, Kent. „ 17th. Dorset, Suffolk. ,, 18th. Somerset (increase). Surrey. „ li)th. Herts (increase). Cambridge, Cheshire. „ lliiro (nesting). Cornwall (decrease). Ayr. Clyde (increase). Bucks. Guernsey light. ■>y 24th. 25th. 2Gth. )1 27th. >» 28th. 1> 2Dth. »> 30th. 'ly l8t. }f 3rd. >7 1« 4th. 4th/5th 1)3 May 5tli. Coniwull, SonuM-set and Herts (increase). Hants (nest). Lancashire. „ 5th/Gth. Guernsey, Hants aiul Yorkshire lights. ,, 'jth. Cumberhind (increase). Derl)y and Cheshire (usual numbers). Northani[)ton, Cardigan. ,, r»th/7th. Guernsey, Hants, Suffolk and Yorkshire lights. „ 7th. AVorcester (usual numbers). „ 7t!i/8th. Hants light. „ 8ch. Essex and Yorkshire (increase). Suffolk (nesting). Isle of Man. 8th/9th. Y^orkshire light. ,, IHh. Essex (increase). Berks and Glamorgan (nests). Middlesex, Ayr. „ 9th/10th. Kent light. ,, 10th. Yorkshire and (Mj-^de (increase). Anglesey. „ lOth/llth. Isle of Man and Yorkshire lights. „ lull, Kent (increase). Pentland Skerries. „ 11th/ 12th. Hants light. „ 12th. Glamorgan and Clyde (increase). Corn- wall and Pentland Skerries (decrease). Essex (nest). Renfrew. „ 12th/ I3th. Guernsey and Hants lights. „ 14th. Leicester. „ 14th/I5th. Hants light. „ lt)th. Pentland Skerries (increase). ,, 17th. Pentland Skerries (decrease), „ 17th/18th. Yorkshire light. ,, 18th. Wilts (young hatching). „ 19th. Kent (nest with eggs). ,, 2t)r,h. Oxford (nest with eggs). ,, 27th. Lancashire (nesting). Westmoreland. 94 THE WHITE WAGTAIL. Motacillu aiha (L.). The reports sent in with regard to this species are too dis- connected and meagre for any concise account to l)e given of its movements. It apparently arrived in pairs or quite small parties at many ])()ints along the south coast from Cornwall to Kent, hut possibly the majoi'ity arrived at the western extremity. It seems to have straggled through the country hy no very definite route, though the records from the vicinity of tlie west coast are more numeroits than those from elsewhere and peihaps point to a more or less "coasting^' passage northwards. The earliest record was from Renfrew on the 23rd of March, so that the migration period must have lasted from about the third week of that month until at least the 20th of May, when birds w^ere still passing the Pentland tSkerries. The last arrival recorded on the south coast was indicated by a single bird taken at St. Catherine's light (Hampshire) on May Gth/Tth. Chronological Summary of the Records. March 23rd. Renfrew. „ 25th. Sussex. „ 20(h. Kent, Lancashire. April Lst. Worcester. „ 2nd. Kent, Yorkshire. „ 3rd. Brecknock. „ 4th. I\Iontgomery. „ 5th. Kent, Worcester. 95 April 10th. Devon, Oxford, Ayr. ,, 12th. Dumbarton (many). Herts. ,, 13tli. Berks, Leicester. ,, 15th. Cornwall, Herts, Northampton, Lanark. „ 17th to 22nd. Yorkshire. l!Hh. Cheshire. 20th. Gloucester. 22nd. Derby. 24th. Merioneth, Derby, Lancashire, 25th. Cambridoe, Denbigh. 2Gth. Wilts, Cheshire. „ 2Gthto28th. Somerset. 2Sth. Yorkshire. May 1st. Surrey. ,, 2nd, Isle of Man (few, passing). Herts. ,, 2nd to 12th. Lancashire (passing). „ 3rd. Somerset (five passing). Westmoreland. „ 5th. Clyde (noted as passing up to that date). „ 6th. Northampton, Derby. „ 6th/7th. Hants light. ,, • 8th. Pentland Skerries (one). „ 9th. Merioneth. „ 10th. Pentland Skerries (increase). „ 11th. Pentland Skerries (decrease). Lincoln, Cheshire. „ 12th. Pentland Skerries (increase). Herts, Isle o£ Man. „ 14th. Pentland Skerries (increase). IGth. Isle of Man. „ 20th. Pentland Skerries (increase). 96 YELT.OW WAGTAIL. 97 THE YELLOW WAGTAIL. Motacilla rail (Bonai).). The Yellow Waotuil arrived alono; the whole o£ tlio south coast, but mainly on the eastern half. Early strao-fflers were recorded in Suffolk on the KJth of March and in Berkshire on the 2Gth. A small })arty of twenty arrived in Somerset on the 30th, and passed north- wards on the 1st of April, on which day a few arrived in Kent. Immigration did not, however, begin in earnest until a week later. Between the 8th and 10th there were small arrivals, chiefly of males, in Sussex, Kent and Devon, and most of these seem to have settled down before they had penetrated far from their points of arrival. A second immigration, also consisting chiefly of males, occurred between the 13th and 21st from Hampshire east- wards. The westernmost of these birds seem to have travelled north-west into Wales, Lancashire and C'ljeshire, and the eastern ones passed into the eastern Midlands and East Anglia : meantime some of the earlier arrivals in the west had penetrated as far north as Renfrew and Ayr. A third immigration, containing the majority of the females, arrived in Kent during the following week and at the western extremity of the south coast about the 24th. With the arrival of these, increased numbers were reported from all over the kingdom, and by the end of the first week in May the birds had begun to settle down. They were nesting in Suffolk on the 11th and in Derby on the 18th, while nests with eggs were found in Cambridge on the 13th, in Kent on the 21st, and in Derby on the 25th. Further small arrivals seem to have taken place at the western end of the south coast on the 2nd and 9th of May, but their destination was not indicated by the records. 98 Chronological Summary of the Records. March 16th. Suffolk. 2Gth. Berks. 30th. Somerset. iUst. Lancashire. I 1st. Kent, Essex, Warwick, Staffonlshire. 2n(l. Somerset (decrease). 4lh. Brecknock. 7th. Cheshire. 8th. Essex, ]\Iontoomery. 8th to 14th. Kent (a few). yth. Devon, Sussex, Shropshire, Lancashire. 10th. Sussex (sHght increase). 12th. Hereford, Leicester, Derby. 13th. Hants, Monmouth, Yorkshire. 13th/llth. Hants light. 14th. Gloucester. 15th. Montgomery (increase). Wilts, Cam- bridge, Suffolk, Northampton. 15th to 21st. Kent (increase). 17th. Herts. 18th. Surrey. lOtli. Essex and Berks (slight increase). Ayr. 20th. Lancashire (increase). Herts and Cheshire (slight increase). Glamorgan, Renfrew. 21st. Norfolk. 22nd. Suffolk (increase). 22nd to 28th. Kent (great increase). 23rd. Cambridge (slight increase). 24th. Glamorgan and Lancashire (increase). Bedford. 25th. Somerset and Glamorgan (increase). 2Gth. Yorkshire (increase). Berks. 27tli. Kent (increase). Gloucester (slight in- crease). 28th. Derby and Yorkshire (increase). Cheshire (slight increase). April 2'Jtli. Yorkshire (decrease). Oxford, Worcester. „ 3()th Suffolk (increase). May l>^t. Lancashire and Westmoreland (increase). Cheshire (decrease). Radnor, Lincoln. „ 2ud. Somerset (increase). »j 3rd. Glamorgan and Norfolk (increase). Cheshire (slight increase). „ 4th. Yorkshire (increase). „ 6th. Cheshire (usual numbers). „ 8th. Derby (usual numbers). „ 0th & 10th. Wilts (slight increase). „ 10th. Cornwall. „ 11th. Wilts (decrease). Suffolk (nesting). „ 13th. Cambridge (nest with eggs). „ 18th. Derby (nesting). „ IDtli. Gloucester. „ 21st. Kent (nests with eggs). „ 25th. Derby (nest with eggs). 100 TREE-PIPIT. 101 THE TREE-PIPIT. Aidhns tvivialis (L.). The Tree-Pipit arrived iilong the whole of the south coast, but first and chiefly on the eastern half. The earliest records were of small numbers in Hampshire and Surrey on the 7th of April, and these seem to have been followed by a small immigration on the eastern half and jterliaps by another on the western half of the coast about the 12th. In the course of the six following days Tree-Pipits were scattered sjjaringly over the greater part of the country as far north as Staffordshire, Derbyshire and Yorkshire, and as far west as Glamorgan, Hereford, Radnor and Shropshire, Avhile an early straggler had reached the Clyde area. The first large immigration took place l)etween the 18th and 2 1st of April, the area of arrival stretching from Kent to Dorsetshire, though the greatest number of birds landed at the eastern end of the coast. With the advent of these new-comers increased numbers were quickly reported and an extension of range both to the west and to the north was manifest within the next few days. A second immigration of somewhat smaller numbers occurred on the 27tli, and seems mainly to have augmented the numl^ers in the western counties. By the time these two influxes had ceased the majority of the English Tree- Pipits seem to have arrived, and the usual numbers were reported from Cheshire and Derby on the 20th and v50th and from Cumberland on the 2nd of May. There were, however further arrivals during the first few days of Ma v. The minority lauded at the eastern end of the coast, and seem to have settled in the eastern counties, while the majoritv, arriving in the -west, seem to have comprised the bulk of 102 the l)r('('(lino-l)ir(ls Ibf tlui Welsh enunfies. TluTe were ;ilso indications o£ further arrivals ah)ii;i- the whoh' of the south coast between the 10th and liUh of May, but neitlier their course nor tlieir distril)ution could l)e traced by the records. A siii^iularly Ixdated jiarty of migrants arrived in a carefully- watched area in k^.W. Kent as late as the 25th, pairino-s~). Cardigan. „ 7th. Lincoln. „ 8th. Montgomery and Lincoln (slight increase). „ 10th. Somerset and Merioneth (increase). Anglesey, ,, 11th. Hants (increase). Somerset (decrease). Derby (nest). „ 12th. Essex (slight increase). Tiadnor (nests). Yorkshire (nest with eggs). „ 13th. Somerset (increase). Lincoln (decrease). Carmarthen and Shropshire (usual numbers). „ 11th. Warwick (nest with eggs). 104 j\Iay Kith. Souiorset (young fledgeil). ,, 17th. Westmoreland (slight increase). „ I'Jth. Westmoreland (increase). „ 20th. Suffolk (usual numbers). „ 21st Berks (increase). ,, 25th. Kent (increase). „ 2()th. Berks (nests). Surrey (young birds), „ 27tli. Lincoln (slight increase). 10; THE RED-BACKED SHRIKE. Lanius collurio (L.). The records o£ this species were ahnost all of first arrivals and thus afford very little information as to its move- ments. It seems probable^ however, that it arrived on the south-eastern area of our coast-line, the earliest Shrike being reported from Sussex on the 18th of April. Arrivals apparently took place at intervals throughout May, and the birds had spread as far west as Merioneth and as far north as Leicestershire and Shropshire by the fourth week of the month. Nests with eggs were found in Norfolk on the 26th of May, in Somerset on the 27th and in Essex on the 30th. Chronological Summary of the Records April May 18th. Sussex. 21st. Berks. 23rd. Gloucester. 24th. Devon. 2'Jth. Hants. 2nd. Herts. 5th. Somerset, Bedford. 6th. Dorset, Northampton. 8th. Montgomery. 10th. Radnor. 11th. Surrey. 14th. Kent, Wilts, Essex, Grlamorgan. 18th. Merioneth, Leicester. 19th. Monmouth, Oxford. H xMay 2211(1. ^'orlblk. !? 24th. Gloucester (.sliglit increase). 26th. ISorfolk (nest \Yith eggs). Shropshire. ,, 27th. Essex (slight increase). Somerset (nest with eggs). .1 30th. Essex (nest with o(riys). June 1st. AVorcester. 107 THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa grisola, L. The Spotted Flycatcher entered the country along the whole of the south coast, but chiefly on the western half. A single bird was reported to have been seen in west Sussex as early as the 3rd of April and a pair w-ere noted in Cornwall on the 10th. During the remainder of the month and the first ten days of May small numbers straggled into the country, but their actual dates of landing can hardly be specified, though they were reported from many counties in the western half of the kingdom and alonor the south coast, A pair were nesting in Westmoreland as early as the Gth of May. The first immigration of any magnitude occurred between the 8th and 12th of May, and a second took place between the 16th and the 20th, the majority of the birds landing on the western halt of the south coast. These two movements evidently contained the bulk of our British nesting-birds, and with their advent the numbers increased throughout the country, first in south Wales and the south-eastern counties and thence northwards into Anglesey, the Isle of Man and Scotland on the one hand and into East Anglia on the other. By the middle of the month the birds had begun to settle down and were reported as nesting in Kent and Surrey on the 13th and 15th and in Shropshire and Derbyshire on the 17th and 19th, while nests with eggs were found in Yorkshire on the 19th and in Essex on the 22nd. Further arrivals were recorded in Essex during the first week in June. Ill' April May 108 Chronological Summary of the Records. 3rd. Sussex. 10th. Cornwall. 15th. Surrey. 20th. Berks. 22ik1. StafFordsliiro. 23rd. Westmoreland. 24th. Cardigan. 27th. Gloucester, Cumberland. 29th. Northampton. 2nd. Montgomery, Leicester, Yorkshire. 3rd. Derby. Cth. Westmoreland (nest). Somerset, Lanca- shire. 7th. Hereford. 8th. Kent. 9th. Glamorgan, Shropshire. 10th. Sussex, Middlesex, Herts. 11th. Devon, Essex, Merioneth, Cheshire. 12th. Northampton and Yorkshire (slight in- crease). Hants, Wilts, Cambridge, Suffolk, Carmarthen, Brecknock, Angle- sey, Isle of Man, Renfrew. 1.3th. Shropshire (increase). Derby (slight in- crease). Kent (nesting^. Worcester, Lincoln. 14th. Dorset, Monmouth. 15th. Surrey (nesting). Oxford. 16th. Wilts (increase). Radnor, Northumber- land. 17th. Devon (slight increase). Shropshire (nest). 18th. Dorset, Essex and Leicester (slight in- crease). 19th. Derby (nesting). Yorkshire (nest with egg). Norfolk, Ayr. 109 May 20th. Wilts, Berks and Lancashire (increase). „ 22nd. Suffolk (slight increase). Essex (nest with eggs). „ 25th. Wilts (increase). AVarwick. „ 27th. Dorset (nest). ,, 30th. Berks (nesting). June 1st to 8th. Essex (further arrivals). no THE PIED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa atrkapilla, L. The reports on this species were so meagre that very little can be recorded as to its movements. Its appearance on the south coast seems to have been almost unobserved, and the greater number of the records refer to its arrival at its nesting-areas. On the whole, however, it seems probable that the majority of our breeding-birds arrived on the western half of the south coast, while the records from Surrey, Essex, Southwold light, where a single bird was taken on the Gtli/7th of May, and Spurn Head light, where several occurred on the llth/12th, refer to numbers of passage-migrants arriving somewhat later at the eastern end of the south coast. The passage of these birds seems to have lasted until the befrinning of June. The first arrivals of our own nesting-birds were reported from Brecknock and Cheshire on the 20th of April, and others had reached AVestmoreland by the 23rd and Nor- thumberland by the 30th. An increase in numbers was recorded in Westmoreland on the 1st of May and in Radnor on the 4th, while a few were observed on passage in Yorkshire on the 5th and a further increase was recorded from the same county on the 12th. Pied Flycatchers were nesting in Radnor on the 11th of May and in Yorkshire on the 19th. Nests with eggs were found in Westmoreland on the 12th, in Northumberland on the 18th and in Shropshire on the 22ud. April May 111 Chronological Summary of the Records. June 20l,li. Brecknock, Cheshire. 2l3t. Lancashire. 23rd. AVestnioreland. 28th. Leicester. 29th. Radnor, Yorkshire. 30th. Nor th u m be r\a n d . 1st. Westmoreland (increase) . 4th. Radnor (increase), ]\Terioneth. 5th. Yorkshire (passing). 6th/7th. Suffolk light. 9th. Dorset. 10th. Cumberland. 11th. Radnor (nesting). lth/12th. Yorkshire light. 12th. Yorkshire (increase). Westmoreland with eggs). (nest 14th. Lancashire. 18th. Northumberland (nest with eggs). 19th. Yorkshire (nesting). Surrey. 22nd. Shropshire (nest with eggs). 2nd. Essex. 112 THE SWALLOW 113 THE SWALLOW Hirundo rustlca (L.). Swallows arrived along the whole o£ the south coast, but first and chiefly along the western half. A single bird was picked up starved at Reading (Berkshire) on the 20th of December 1911, and another was seen daily in Cornwall (on the south coast) from the 29th of February to the 10th of March. One appeared in Cardigan on the 2nd of March, four in Surrey on the 21st, and stragglers in Devonshire, Dorsetshire, Hampshire, Kent, Somersetshire, Wiltshire, Hertfordshire and Essex during the last week of the month. By the middle of the first week in April Swallovvs were thinly distributed over the whole country as far north as Yorkshire, and a single bird was seen in the Isle of Man on the 5th. The first immigration of any magnitude began on the 3rd of April, and thence-forward Swallows continued to arrive daily on some part of the south coast up to the 21st of May. The movement seems to have been at its height between the 13th of April and the 6th of May, after which date there was a perceptible slackening, though immigrants continued to arrive steadily in smaller numbers in the west up to the 19th and intermittently elsewhere up to the 21st. The western arrivals seem always to have been on a larger scale than the eastern ones, and the western counties filled up at an earlier date than the south-east and east. Thus consider- able numbers were recorded from several Welsh counties and the western Midlands, and Swallows had already penetrated some distance into Scotland at a time when most of the eastern counties w^ere still recording first arrivals. Most of the records from the licjhts were concerned with lU small numbers only and were quite unimportant, liut those from the English and Welsh Grounds light-vessel were much larger, and showed that a considerable northward passage took place across the Bristol Channel. Omitting those records referring to smaller numbers. Swallows were passing that station northwards in small bodies all day on the 1st, 4th, 5th, 7th, 10th and 11th of May. Swallows were nesting in Warwick on the 21st of April, in Oxford and Middlesex on the 25tli, in Kent, Surrey, Suffolk and Northumberland on the Gth of May, aiul in Cambridge on the 12th. Eggs were reported from (^unberland on the 7th of May and from Lancashire on the 18th. Chronological Sujimary of the Records. Feb. 20th to March 10th. Cornwall (one seen daily). March 2nd. Cardigan. „ 21st. Surrey. „ 24th to 31st. Cornwall (one seen daily). „ 25th. Somerset. „ 26th. Dorset. „ 27th. Devon (passing). Hants. ,, 29th. Devon. 30th. AVilts, Herts. „ 31st. Kent, Essex. Ai»ril 1st. Hants, Kent, Somerset, Bedford, Car- narvon. „ 2nd. Cornwall, Yorkshire. „ 3rd. Devon (slight increase). Sussex, Stafford- shire, Norfolk. ,, Itli. Leicester. „ 5th. Scilly Isles, Brecknock, Hereford, Shrop- shire, Warwick, Derby, Isle of Man. „ nth. Cornwall, Surrey, Glamorgan. „ 7th. Dorset, Wilts, Carmarthen, Lincoln, North- umberland. „ 8th. Berks, Suffolk, Northampton. r 115 A{)ril 8th to lltli. Devon and Staffordsliiro (passing). •:■, y^Ii. Pembroke, Warwick, Westmoreland. „ lOtli. Leicester (increase). Cheshire, Lan- cashire. „ lltli. Cheshire (increase). Oxford, Middlesex. „ 12Lh. Herts and Brecknock (increase). Cheshire (decrease). Radnor, Dumbarton. „ 13th. Dorset light. Devon, Hants, Surrey, Shropshire and Derby (increase). Somerset (slight increase). Isle of Wight, Herts and Brecknock (passing). Essex, Worcester, Merioneth. ,, 14th. Kent and Yorkshire lights. Kent (in- crease). Staffordshire and Dumbarton (slight increase). Cumberland. „ 15th. Dorset light. Gloucester and Cheshire (increase). Devon, Dorset and Wilts (slight increase). Montgomery, Ayr. „ 15th to 21st. Devon, Kent, Berks and Cheshire (pass- ing). „ 17th. Dorset and Somerset lights. Herts (in- crease). Bucks, Cambridge, Renfrew, Stirling;. ,, 18th. Cornwall, Middlesex, Derby and (yheshire (increase). Shropshire (slight increase). Denbigh, Notts, Arran. ,, 19th. Staffordshire and Notts (increase). Sussex (slight increase). Cornwall (decrease). 20th. Cornwall, Hants, Kent, Wilts, Surrey, Bedford, Merioneth and Lancashire (in- crease). Isle of Wight, Essex, Oxford, Glamorgan and Worcester (slight in- crease). „ 21st. Leicester and Norfolk (increase). Pem- broke, Suffolk and Lincoln (slight in- crease). Cornwall and Cheshire (de- crease). Warwick (nesting). 116 April 22nJ. Scilly Isles, Devon, Somerset, AVilts, Northampton, Cambridge, Derby, Lan- cashire and Cumberland (increase). Cornwall (slight increase). „ 22nd to 28th. Devon, Kent and Surrey (passing). „ 22nd to 30th. StaflFordshire (passing). ,, 23rd. Leicester (decrease). Argyll. ., 24.th. Guernsey light. Radnor and Yorkshire (increase). „ 25th. Somerset light. Hants (increase). Car- marthen and Cumberland (slight in- crease). Oxford and Middlesex (nest- ing)- „ 2Gth. Isle o£ Wight, Hants, Essex, Herts, Bed- ford, Cambridge, Montgomery, Shrop- shire and Lancashire (increase). Den- bigh (slight increase). Somerset (pass- ing). „ 27th. Hants and Essex (increase). Scilly Isles (great increase). „ 28th. Hants, Oxford, Montgomery, Warwick, Shropshire, Derby, Suffolk, Yorkshire and (kimberiand (increase). Scilly Isles (great decrease). ,, 29th. Dorset, Kent, Somerset, Carmarthen, Worcester, Cumberland and Northum- berland (increase). Sussex (decrease). Essex (passing). „ 29th to 5th IMay. Sussex (passing). „ 30th. Cornwall, Wiltshire and Denbigh (in- crease). Cambridge (slight increase). May 1st. Somerset light. (^ornwall, Somerset, Essex, Oxford and Lincoln (increase). „ 2nd. Kent, Essex, Leicester and Isle of Man (increase). 3rd. Isle of Wight, Kent, Wiltshire and Gla- morgan (increase). Cornwall (decrease). 117 May 4tli. Guernsey anJ Somerset lights. Hants^ Middlesex, Glamorgan, Radnor, War- wick, Shropshire and Lincoln (increase). ,, 5th. Somerset light. Cornwall, Surrey, Herts, Glamorgan, Lincoln, Yorkshire and Renfrew (increase). Brecknock (pass- ing). „ 5th/Gth. Guernsey light. ,, Gth. Yorkshire light. Devonshire, Dorset, Hants, Kent, Essex, Wiltshire, Glamor- gan, Carmarthen, Lancashire and West- moreland (increase). Staffordshire (great inci'ease). Kent, Surrey, Suffolk and Northumberland (nesting). „ 7th. Somerset light. Devon, Cambridge and Norfolk (increase). Cumberland (nest with eggs). „ 7th to 11th. Pontland Skerries (small numbers passing). ,, 8th. Devon (increase). „ 9th. Devon and Lancashire (increase). „ 10th. Somerset light. Devon and Lancashire (increase). Anglesey (few). „ 11th. Somerset and Yorkshire lights. Devon, Sussex and Herts (increase). „ 12th. Yorkshire light. Devon and Sussex (increase). Cambridge (nesting). „ 13th. Devon and Pembroke (increase). Derby and Lincoln (nesting). ,, 13th to 19th. Somerset (numbers arrived). Glamorgan (increase). Gloucester and Pentland Skerries (passing). ,, 17th. Oxford (slight increase). ,, 18th. Lancashire (nest with eggs). „ 20th. Lancashire light. Berks (young birds). ,, 21st. Sussex (increase). 118 HOUSE-MARTIN, 119 THE HOUSE-MARTIN. Chelidon iirhiea (L.). The Honse-Martin arrived along the whole o£ the south coast, l)nt in oreatest numbers on its western half. One that had evidently remained throughout the winter was seen at Hampton Court on the 10th of January. The earliest arrival reported was in Sussex on the 25th of March, several others being seen in the same county on the following day. From the 26th of March until the 16th of April small numbers arrived, almost entirely in the west, an early straggler reaching Northumberland on the 8th, while others reached the Midlands and Yorkshire by the 13tli and 15th. Somewhat larger numbers arrived in Devonshire and Hampshire on the 17th and in Sussex on the 20th, but the main immigration seems to have started on the 25th and, with the exception of the 28th, continued daily until the 12th of May. Arrivals took place daily in Devonshire and irregu- larly along the rest of the south coast, very few coming in to the east of Hampshire. Most of the summer-residents for the eastern counties seem to have been included in the portions of this movement that arrived between Hampshire and Kent on the 5th, 9th, 10th and 11th of May. At the time this large immigration was taking place many House- Martins had already begun to nest, as was recorded, in Westmoreland on the 30th of April, in Yorkshire on the 2nd of May, in Wiltshire on the 3rd, in Suffolk on the 8th, in Eadnor and Derbyshire on the 10th, in Warwickshire and Lincolnshire on the loth, and in Hertfordshire, Herefordshire and Lancashire on the 20th. Fluctuatino; numbers in the 120 southern and western counties and in the Isle of Man indicated, however, that passage-movements continued right up to the end of May. Chronological Summary of the Records. March Apri] li 25th. Sussex. 2Gth. Sussex (slight increase). Somerset. 29th. Hants. 1st. Sussex (decrease). Shropshire. 3rd. Devon. 4th. Glamorgan. 5th. Berks. Gth. Cornwall. 7 th. Hereford. 8th. Middlesex, Northum})crland. 9th. Somerset. 10th. Notts. 11th. Dorset. 12th. Gloucester. 13th. Surrey, Leicester, Derhy, Yorkshire. 15th. Hants, Wilts, Monmouth, Montgomery, Staffordshire. 15th to 21st. Cheshire (passing). IGth. Suffolk, Norfolk. 17th. Devon and Hants (increase). 18th. Carmarthen. 19th. Clyde. 20th. Sussex, Surrey and Derhy (increase). Oxford, Bedford, liadnor, Warwick, Lancashire, Renfrew. 21st. Es.sox. 22nd. Shropshire (increase). Wiltshire (slight increase). Worcester, Merioneth. 23rd. Staffordshire (increase). Herts. 24th. Radnor (increase). Kent. 25th. Hants and Berks (increase). „ 25th to 27th. Devon (passing), 121 April 2(jtli. .Somersot and Bedford (increase). Isle of Wight. „ 27tli. Sussex and Lancashire (increase). . Lei- cester (slight increase). Cambridge, Brecknock, Cumberland. „ 28th. Herts (increase). Kent. „ 29th. Dorset, Somerset and Yoikshire (increase). Essex (passing). „ 29th to May 5th. Devon (passing). „ 30th. Somerset (decrease). Westmoreland (nesting). Denbigh. May 1st. Yorkshire (increase). Montgomery (slight increase). Somerset (passing). „ 2nd. Bedford, Leicester and Cumberland (in- crease). Cambridge (slight increase). „ 3rd. Glamorgan (increase). Wilts and York- shire (nesting). „ 4th. Hants, Middlesex, Glamorgan and Radnor (increase). Bucks. „ 5th. Kent, Essex, Herts and Glamorgan (in- crease). Brecknock (passing). „ 6th. Devon,Dorset, Somerset, Essex, Gloucester, Wilts, Glamorgan, Suffolk, Cheshire and Cumberland (increase). Stafford- shire (nesting). Northampton, Lincoln. „ 7th. Devon, Cambridge and Lincoln (increase). ,, 8th. Devon, Wilts, Montgomery and Cheshire (increase). Suffolk (nesting). Isle of Man. „ 9th. Devon, Hants, Gloucesler and Derby (in- crease). Monmouth (slight increase). Somerset (passing). „ lOtli. Devon, Sussex and Lincoln (increase). Anglesey (numbers). Radnor and Derby (nesting). „ lOth/llth. Isle of Man light. ,, 11th. Devon, Hants and Sussex (increase). „ 12th. Isle of Man light. Devon (increase). I 122 May 13th. Essex, Norfolk, Derby and Yorksliire (increase). Warwick and Lincoln (nesting^. Renfrew, Ayr. 14th. Herts and Wilts (increase). 15th. Wilts (increase). IGtli. Devon, Somerset and Yorkshire (increase). 17th. Oxford (slight increase). 18th. Kent (increase). ]l)th. Isle of Man (slight increase). 20th. Hants, Gloucester and Lancashire (in- crease). Herts and Hereford (nesting). Lancashire (nests). 20th/21st. Isle of Man light. 21st. Essex (increase). Wilts (great increase). 23rd. AVorcester (nesting). 24th. Isle of Man light. Glamorgan (great in- crease). 2.5th. Staffordshire (increase), Gloucester (de- crease). 28th. Gloucester (increase). 29th. Hants (increase). 123 THE SAND-MARTIN. Cotile riparia (L.). Sand-Martins arrived along the whole of the south coast, but first and principally on the western portion. The first bird was reported from Hampshire on the 18th of March, and between the 25th of that month and the 6th of April a few stragglers came in, almost if not entirely, at the western end of the south coast, and were reported from different localities, chiefly in the western half of the king- dom, as far north as Lanark. Between the 7th and the 20th of April several immigrations occurred at different points along the whole of the south coast, the largest numbers apparently arriving in the west on the 13th and from the 18th to the 20th ; none of these movements, however, were of any magnitude, and though widely distributed all over the country by the end of the third week in April, Sand- Martins do not seem to have appeared in large numbers anywhere. Movements on a larger scale began on the 25th of April, and from that date up to the 6 th of May arrivals were taking place daily on the western half of the coast, and at intervals on the eastern half. Durino- the course of this immigration the colonies all over the country quickly filled up, and the earlier arrivals had already commenced nesting- opei'ations. They were seen entering their nesting-holes in Yorkshire on the 26th of April, in Staffordshire on the 6th of May, in Dorset on the 13th and in Hertfordshire on the lltb, while eggs were found in Somerset on the 4th and in Northumberland on the 19th. Further arrivals apparently continued to take place at intervals up to the 25th of May, and migration seems to have i2 124 SAND-MARTIN, 125 been in progress through the western counties during the greater part of the month, but the records were not sufficiently numerous to point to any definite conclusion. Chronological Summary of the Records. March 18th. Hants. „ 2r)th. Somerset. 27th. Devon. „ 28th. Shropshire, Cheshire. „ 31st. Cheshire (increase). Glamorgan. April 1st. Surrey, Cambridge, Carnarvon, Derby, Yorkshire. „ 2nd. Cornwall, Devon, Middlesex. ,, 3rd. Sussex. 1th. Herts. „ 5th. Cornwall (decrease). Dorset, Carmarthen, Lanark. „ 6th. Wilts, Montgomery. 7th. Hants. „ 8th. Somerset, Surrey, Gloucester, Hereford, Suffolk. „ 9th. Herts (increase). Montgomery (slight increase). „ 10th. Cheshire (increase). Herts (decrease). Leicester. ,, 10thtol4th. Essex (passing). ,, 11th. Cheshire (increase). Moray. „ 12th. Worcester, Northampton, Norfolk, Dum- barton. „ 13th. Devon and Hants (increase). Glamorgan, Shroj)shire. ,, 14th. Kent, Berks, Lancashire. „ 15th. Herts and Suffolk (increase). Pembroke, Radnor, Staffordshire, Ayr. „ 16th. Surrey (increase). Kent (slight increase). Cardigan, Cumberland. „ 17th. Suffolk (increase). Wilts (slight in- crease). Renfrew. i2(; April 18th. Cornwall (slight increase). Merioneth, Warwick. ,, 10th. Derby (increase). Cornwall (slight in- crease). Denbigh. ,, 20th, Lancashire (increase). Cornwall (slight increase). Bedford, Northumberland, Argyll. ,, 2li»t, Pembroke, Bedford, Leicester and Norfolk (increase). Herts (j)assing). Breck- nock. ,, 22ml. Northampton, Radnor, Montgomery, Shropshire, Staffordshire and Cumber- land (increase). Suffolk and Cheshire (decrease) . „ 23rd. Surrey, Cambridge and Northumberland (increase). ,. 24th. Cambridge (increase). „ 2.3tli. Devon, Yorkshire and Cumberland (in- crease). ,, 26th. Gloucester and Bedford (increase). Cheshire (great increase). Devon (de- crease). Yorkshire (nesting). ,, 27th, Hants, Surrey, Middlesex, Somerset, Suffolk, Shropshire, Yorkshire and Lancashire (increase). „ 2>heshire (slight decrease). „ 12th. Essex, Herts, Norfolk, Lancashire and Yorkshire (increase). Cambridge (great increase). Isle of Man (slight increase). Lincoln. „ 13th. Norfolk and Pembroke (increase). Derby (usual numbers). „ 11th. Kent and Monmouth (increase). Leicester (great increase). „ 15th. Pentland Skerries (passing). „ 17th & 18th. Yorkshire (increase). „ 18th. Renfrew (slight increase). „ 19th. Sussex (increase). „ 20th. AVarwick (increase). Berks (usual num- bers). „ 21st. Essex (increase). „ 23rd. Westmoreland (increase). „ 24th to 26th. Hants (increase). 132 THE NIGHTJAR. Caprimulgus euroj^ceus (L.). The records sent in concern inf«; the Nightjar were very scanty, and hardly sufficient to indicate its area o£ arrival with any certainty ; but it seems to have landed chiefly on the eastern half of the south coast. The earliest record was in Wiltshire on the 8th of April, and single l)irds were observed in. Surrey, Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, Derbyshire and Yorkshire between the IGth and 2Dth, an increase in the last-named county taking place on the 30th. Small arrivals apparently took place along the whole of the south coast during the first ten days of May, and one of somewhat larger dimensions seems to have occurred aiiout the middle of the month, as an extension of range com- mencing on the 12th was noticeable. The birds reached Cumberland on the 17th and Northumberland on the 19tb, while a single bird was killed at the English and Welsh Grounds light-vessel (Bristol Channel) at 2 a.m. on the 14tli/15th. Further arrivals would appear to have taken ])lace about the 18th and 2(jth of May and during the first week in June, but it is not possible to say anything more definite with regard to them. Eggs were found in Hann)shire on the 25th of May and in Surrey on the 2(Jth. Chronological Summary of the Records. April 8tli. Wilts. „ IC.th. Oxford. 17lli. Yorkshire. 13: April ?? May June 20th. Gloucester. 22nd. Surrey. 29th. Derby. 30th. Yorkshire (increase). 1st. Sussex. 3rd. Devon. 6th. Hants, Northampton, Lanark. 8th. Dorset. 9th. Kent. 10th. (.'heshire. 11th. Suffolk, Ano-lesey. 12th. Somerset, Essex, Herts, Worcester, Nor- folk. 13th. Brecknock. 14th/15th. Somerset light. 15th. Cambridge, Lancashire. 16th. Wilts, Glamorgan, Merioneth. 17th. Cardigan, Cumberland. 18th. Scilly Isles, Leicester. 19th. Northumberland. 25th. Hants (eggs). 26th. Hants and Merioneth (slight increase) Surrey (eggs). 27th. Pembroke. 28th. Glamorgan (slight increase). 6th. Suffolk (great increase). 134 THE WRYNECK. lynx torquilla (L.). The records relating to this species were mostly of solitary birds, and hence not very hel])ful in the elucidation of its miffratorv movements. It seems to have arrived on the south-eastern ])ortion of our coast-lines. The first arrival noted was in Berkshire on the 17th of March, and single birds were reported from Kent, Hamp- shire and Berkshire on the 20th, 25th and 27th, and from Somersetshire on the 29th. A few birds were recorded on passage in Kent on the 2nd of April, and represented pro- bably the first immigratory movement. Other immigrations seem to have taken place about the 14tb, 15th and 17th, but beyond a gradual spread of the species towards the west and north, no further deduction can be drawn from the records. With the exception of one bird seen in Cheshire on the 11th of A[)ril, the western and northern limit of the Wryneck's range, as revealed by the records, was a line drawn from I)(!vonshire through Somerset, Worcester and I\Iontgomery, and thence east through Shropshire, Leicester and North- ampton. No notes as to its nesting were received, nor was it reported from any of the lights. Chronological Summary of the Records. ]\Iarch 17th. Berks, 20th. Kent. „ 25th. Hants. 27th. Berks. 2'.)lh. Somerset. ] as April 1st. Essex. „ 2ncl. Kent (passing). Suffolk. ,, oth. Surrey. „ 7th. Kent, Sussex, Somerset. 8th. Berks. 11th. (Uieshire. ,, 13th. Shropshire, Leicester. ,, nth. Somerset (increase). Berks (slight in- crease). Devon. ,, 15th. Surrey (slight increase). Isle of Wight, Herts. „ 16th. Worcester. „ 17th. Kent (increase). Cambridge. „ 20th. Dorset, Oxford, Bedford, Montgomerj^ „ 22nd. Northampton. 27th. Middlesex. May 2nd. Montgomery. ,, 3r(l. Somerset (increase). ., 5th. Gloucester. 136 CUCKOO. 137 THE CUCKOO. Ciiculus canorns, L. Cuckoos arrived along the whole of the south coast, hut first and chiefly on the western half. Single birds were reported in Devonshire on the 26th of March and in Dorsetshire on the 28th, while stragglers occurred during the first ten days of A])ril chiefly in the southern counties, with the exception of one seen in York- shire on the 2nd. A small iinniigration arrived along the whole of the south coast between the 10th and 14th, which quickly scattered over the southern half of the kingdom, stragglers reaching Lancashire and Westmoreland on the 17th, and the Clyde area on the following day. A second immigration, of rather greater magnitude, landtul between the 18th and 22nd at different points along the whole of the south coast and caused a oeneral and im- mediate increase throughout the country. Two more large immigrations followed, one on the western half of the south coast between the 25th and 30th of April, and the other along the whole of the south coast between the 2nd and 6th of May ; the progress of these birds through the country is clearly indicated by the records, and they seem without much doubt to have included the main portion of the Cuckoos visiting our northern counties and Scotland. Further small immigrations seem to have occurred on the 9th, 10th, 13th and 18th of May, but their progress through the country and their destinations could hardly be traced, though movements seem to have been in progress up to the 20th. The only lighthouse record was of a single bird killed K 138 at Bardsey light (Carnarvon) at midnight on the 8th/9th of May. Eggs were found in Hanipshiie and Berkshire in Hedge- Sparrows' nests on the 29th of April, one in a Robin's nest in Dorset on the 5th of May, in a Blackcap's nest in Kent on the (5th, in a Sedge- Warbler's nest in Essex on the 12tli, in a Hedge-Sparrow's nest in the same county on tlie 13th, in Blackcaps' nests in Somerset and Suffolk on the 18th, in a Robin's nest in Derbyshire on the 19th, while on the same date two eggs were found with four Whitethroat's in Somerset. An egg was found in a Reed-Bunting*s nest in Perthshire on the 23rd. In Essex on the 25th, eggs were found in two Whitethroats' nests, and in a Linnet's and a Sedge- Warbler's nest. An egg was observed in a Meadow-Pipit's nest in Pem])roke on the 27th, and one in a Hedge-Sparrow's in Northampton on the 29th. Chronological Summary of the Records. Devon. Dorset. Yorkshire. Sussex. Devon. Leicester. Hants, Somerset, Berks. Isle of AVight, Kent, Suffolk, Merioneth, Montgomery. 13th. Essex, Surrey, Herts, Wilts, Gloucester, Derby. 11th. Dorset, Carmarthen, Northampton. 15th. Gloucester (increase). Cheshire. Kltli. Shropshire. 17th. Oxford, Glamorgan, Hereford, Lancashire, Westmoreland. Ibth. ■ Surrey anil Gloucester (increase). Cardi- gan, ^Var\viL■k, Staffordshire, Norfolk, Arran. March 2Gth. 28tb. April 2nd. 3rd. 4th. 5th. 10th. 12th. 139 April 10th. Berks and Hants (slioht increase). Middlesex, Worcester, Yorkshire, Isle of Man. „ 20th. Kent, Herts and Cheshire (increase). Cornwall, Monmouth, Bedford, Breck- nock, Radnor, Notts, Anglesey. „ 21st. Somerset, Bedford, Warwick, Shropshire, Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Devon, Sussex and Essex (slight in- crease). Herts (decrease). Carnarvon, Lincoln, Northumberland, Renfrew. „ 22nd. Hants, Middlesex, Worcester, Stafford- shire and Cheshire (increase). Cani- bridcre. Cumberland, Ayr. Somerset (increase). Glamorgan (great increase). Shropshire (slight increase). Somerset (decrease). Cornwall, Merioneth, Leicester, Derby and Lincoln (slight increase). Cornwall, Dorset and Somerset (increase). Lancashire (slight increase). Middlesex, Somerset, Oxford, Northampton and Staffordshire (increase). Pembroke (passing). Hants and Berks (eggs). Devon (increase). Denbigh. Westmoreland (increase). ^ Devon (de- crease). Essex and Cambridge (slight increase). Sussex, Wilts and Somerset (increase). Middlesex and Cumberland (increase). Cornwall, Radnor and Renfrew (increase). Dorset (egg). Bucks. 6th. Dorset and Essex (increase). Devon (usual numbers). Kent (egg). 7th. Cambridge (increase). 8th. Montgomery and Radnor (increase). k2 ?5 24th. 55 25th. 55 26th. 55 27th. i5 28th. 5J 29th. 55 30th. aj 1st. 55 2nd. 55 3rd. 55 4th. 55 5th. May 8tli/9tli >) 9th. j> 10th. ?i 11th. 15 12th. 5' 13th. 5> 16th. 55 18th. 140 Carnarvon light. Somerset (increase). Sussex (increase). Monmouth (slight increase). Yorkshire and Westmoreland (increase). Cheshire (increase). Essex (egg). Herts and Wilts (increase). Essex (eggs). Pentland Skerries (passing). Dorset and Cheshire (increase). Somer- set and Suffolk (eggs), 19th. Northumherland (slight increase). Derby and Somerset (eggs). 20th. Lancashire (increase). 23rd. Perth (egg). 25th. Essex (eggs). 27th. Pembroke (egg). 29th. North.impton (egg). 141 THE TURTLE-DOVE. Turtur communis, Selby. The arrival of this species seems to have taken place mostly on the south-eastern coast. The first record was in Kent on the 9th o£ April ; from that date to the end of the month single birds were observed in Hampshire, Sussex, Kent, Surrey and Berkshire, and two in Somerset. Six birds seen flying north on the coast of Suffolk on the 20th, and an increase noted in the same county on the 30th point to further small arrivals on the east coast. Between the 5th and 10th of May there were con? iderable arrivals on the stretch of coast bet^-een Essex and Hampshire, while single birds were taken at Hanois light (Guernsey) and St. Catherine's light (Hants) on the 6th/7th and 7th/8th respectively. By the end of the first week of May Turtle- Doves had been reported in mo-t of the counties to the east and south of an arc through Somerset, Worcester, Shrop- shire and Lincoln ; two had penetrated as far as West- moreland on the 3rd and the earlier arrivals in Hampshire were nesting by the 5th. The Doves that arrived during the latter part of this immigration seem to have extended slightly further west and north. By that time the greater part of our breeding-stock had evidently arrived, and soon after the birds had settled down to nest. Smaller supplementary immigrations seem to have taken place in the south-east on the 14th, 1 5th and 26th and on the south coast on the 19th, 20th, 2Gth of May and in the early 142 TURTLE-DOVE. 143 part o£ Juno, but the route of these migrants could not bo traced for any distance. Turtle-Doves were nesting in Essex on the 13th of May, in Somerset on the 18th and in Berkshire on the 20th, and egirs were found in Warwickshire on the 19th. OO^ Chronological Summary of the Records. Kent. Berks. Surrey. Sussex. Suffolk (passing). Hants. Somerset. Yorksliire. Suffolk and Yorkshire (increase). Herts. Wilts, Norfolk. Essex, Lincohi, Westmoreland. Gloucester. Herts (slight increase). Hants (nesting). Berks (increase). Northampton, Shrop- shire, Staffordshire. Guernsey light. Oxford, Cambridge, Worcester. Hants light. Essex and Shropshire (increase). Wilts (slight increase) . Devon, Middlesex. 9th. Northampton (increase). Kent (slight increase). Hereford. 10th. Hants (increase). Radnor, Cheshire. 12th. Norfolk (slight increase). 13th. Wilts and Middlesex (increase). Cam- bridge (great increase). Worcester (usual numbers). Essex (nesting). Warwick. 14th & 15th. Essex (increase). [)ril 9th. }f 14th. V 15th. 5> 18th. ?> 20th. i1 22nd. 59 25th. ?? 28th. }•> 30th. •'^y 1st. 55 2nd. J5 3rd. J5 4th. J> 5th. )} 6th. 55 6th/ 7th J J 7th. ?J 7th/8th nl 8th. 144 May 15th. Brecknock. „ 17tli. Shropshire (increase). Derby. „ 18th. Oxford (increase). Somerset (nest). ,, 10th. Surrey (increase). Warwick (nest with eggs). „ 20th. Berks (increase : nest). Hants (sliii,ht increase). ,^ 2(ith. Sussex and Herts (increase). „ 27th. Herts (decrease). June 3rd. Hants (increase). „ 0th. Hants (decrease). 145 THE LAND-RAIL. Cre.r pratens'is, Bechst. The information regardino- tlie movements of the Land-Enil was of a very scanty nature. This species seems to have arrived ahnost entirely on the western half of the south coast, the records from the south-eastern counties referring apparently to a few passage-migrants that hmded on the eastern half and travelled northwards. The first arrivals seem to have appeared towards the end of the second and third weeks of April ; and though single birds were reported from Kent, Berkshire and Norfolk, the majority seem to have passed rapidly up the western side of the country, reaching Renfrew and Ayr on the 19th and 22nd and the Isle of Man and Cumberland on the 23rd. Further arrivals apparently occurred a few days later, leading to a more extensive occupation of the west and an increase in Yorkshire on the 80th. During the first fortnight in May several immigrations evidently occurred in the west, as Land-Rails were taken on passage at west coast lights on the 5th/6th, 8th/9th, 12th/loth and 14th/15th, some numbers being recorded on the first- named date. The exact areas and dates of arrival, however, could not be determined from the records, and the route was but indefinitely indicated by an increase in numbers in a few of the western and Welsh counties. Land-Rails were recorded on passage at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 11th and 15tli of May. One was captured at Camerton (Cumberland) on the 22nd of December, 1911, and others were reported from Ireland during the same month. 146 Mil Chros'ol :>ril i:5tli. ?? ISth. ?» 19 th. J' 21st. ;? 22nd. 55 23rd. ?5 24tlu J5 25th. 55 28th. )> 29th. 55 3(Jth. 'ly Ist. 5J 2iul. ,'5 3rd. 55 4th. )■> r,th. i5 5th/(;th. 55 Gth. )) 7th. 55 8th. 55 8th/9th. 55 9th. 55 10th. 55 11th. J5 12 th. 55 12th/13th. 55 13th. 14th. 14th/15th. 15th. 21.st. OGiCAL Summary of the Records. Dorset, Kent, Berks. Merioneth. Hants, Somerset, Renfrew. Norfolk, Staffordshire. Cheshire, Ayr. Leicester, Isle of Man, Cumberland. Yorkshire. Wilts, Carmarthen. Glamorgan, Derby, Lancasliire, Argyll. Shropshire, Northumberland. Yorkshire (slight increase). Essex, Hereford. Bedford. Middlesex. Cheshire (slight increase). Scilly Isles. Cumberland (slight increase). Radnor. Derby (slight increase). Oxford. Carnarvon lifjht. Northampton, Brecknock. Cambridge, Cardigan, Worcester. Monmouth (slight increase). Carnarvon ligiit. Notts. L'mcashire (increase). Anglesey. Devon, Pentland Skerries. Monmouth (increase). Radnor (slight increase). Anglesey light. Cumberland and Renfrew (slight increase), Worcester (usual numl)ers). Suffolk. Lancashire (increase). Oxford (slight in- crease). Anglesey light. Penthmd Skerries (one passing). Shrof)shire (increase). 147 THE COMMON SANDPIPER. Totanus hypoleucvs (L.). This species arrived along the whole of the south coast, but chiefly on the west, those that arrived on the eastern half being probably passage-migrants. A Common Sandpiper was shot in Co. Cork in January, and it seems not improbable that some of the earlier records {e.g., Shropshire and Yorkshire on the lith and 12th of March) may have been due to the early passage northwards of birds that had passed the winter in the south-west or in Ireland. The earliest arrivals seem to have taken place during the last three days of March and during the first week ot" April ; considerable numbers seen in Somersetshire on the 7th, had passed on by the following day. The bulk of our summer-residents made their appearance about the middle of the month and during the last week, but the dates of their arrival were not clearly indicated by the records. Little more can be said than that there was, evidence of a considerable amount of migration through the w^estern half of the country between the 18th and 2ord and from the 27th to the 29th. Further immigrations seem to have landed during the first week in May and movements were in pro- gress until nearly the end of the second week, but these were even less clearly reported than those which occurred in April. Common Sandpipers were described as already nesting in Radnor on the 30th of April and in Renfrew on the 9th of May. Nests with eggs were found in Northumberland on the 7th of May, in Derby on the 13th, in Yorkshire on the 15th, in Perth on the 23rd, in Lancashire on the 26th, and in Westmoreland on the 27th. 148 Chronological Summary of the Records. March 11th. Sliropshire. „ 12th. Yorkshire. „ 29tli. Surrey. „ 31st. Somerset. April 4th. Merioneth. „ 6th. Northumberland (passing). Berks, Lei- cester, Che-hire. „ 7th. Somerset (many). Hereford, Yorkshire. „ 8th. Devon, Montgomery. „ 8th to 21st. Somerset (stragglers). „ 10th. Sussex. „ 11th. Brecknock, Westmoreland, Ayr. „ 12th. Hereford. „ 13th. Glamorgan, Renfrew, Clyde. „ 14th. Derby, Dumbarton. „ 15th. Carmarthen. Radnor, Cumljcrland. „ 16th. Staffordshire. „ ITlli. Northumberland. „ 18th. Montgomery (increase). Lancashire. „ 19th. Cumberland (increase). Merioneth (pass- ing). Wilts, Denbigh. „ 20th. Shropshire, Argyll. „ 21st. Kent, Carnarvon. „ 22nd. Derby, Cheshire and Yorkshire (increase). Montgomery (usual nundjers). „ 23rd, Merioneth and Denl)igh (slight increase). „ 24th. Cornwall. „ 25th. Dorset. „ 26th. Bedford. „ 27th. C-armarthen (slight increase). Somerset (passing). Hants. „ 28th. Northumberland (slight increase). Isle of Man (passing). „ 29th. Radnor, Shropshire and Ciinilierlaiul (in- crease). Derby (usual nund)ers). „ 30th. Radnor (nesting). Hants. 149 Ma J 1st. Yorkshire (slight increase) . „ 2n(l. Westmoreland (increase). „ 3rd. Carmarthen (passing). „ 4th. Lancashire (slight increase). Scilly Isles. „ 5th. Yorkshire (slight increase). Herts. „ Gth. Lancashire (increase). Essex, Warwick. „ 7th. Northumberland (nest with eggs). „ 8tli. Radnor (increase). „ 9th. Renfrew (nesting). „ loth. Anglesey (a few). Lancashire and Pent- land Skerries (passing). Oxford. „ 11th. W^estnioreland (increase). „ 11th & 12th. Yorkshire (numbers passing). „ 13th. Derby (nest with eggs). „ 15th. Yoi-kshire (nest with eggs). „ 23rd. Perth (nest with eggs). „ 26th. Lancashire (nest with eggs). „ 27th. Westmoreland (nest with eggs). 150 THE COMMON TERN. Sterna Jiaviatllis, Naum. A SINGLE bird was reported as having been seen in Kintyre on the 1st of February and ten or eleven were noted on the 4th, while three others were recorded from Cardross (Clyde) on the 24th of the same month. On the 15tli of Ajiril the first birds reached the breeding-area at Dungene-s (Kent), and on the same day six were seen flying north at St. Mary's Island (Northumberland). On the 20th and 21st stragglers were passing in Hertford- sliire ; the breeding-areas were reached in Essex on the 23rd and in Suffolk on the 26th, while an increase was recorded in Kent on the 29th and in Suffolk on the 30th. The main body in both these counties seems to have arrived during the first week in May. The first record from the west was on the 1st of May ; an increase was reported from Merioneth on the 5th, and Common Terns were passing on the Lancashire coast on the 0th and 10th and in Glamorgan on the I'ith^ while they were recorded as jilentiful in Anglesey on the lOiIi and in the Clyde on the 13th. Further increases, were reported from the east coast on the 15th and 20th of May. Nesting was general in Kent b)"^ the 20th oC ]\Iay, and eggs were found in Norfolk on the 22ni.l, but it was recorded that at Ravenglass (Cumberland) and at Walney Island (Lancashire) Common Terns did not arrive in numbers on their nesting-areas until the first week in June, and were not fully established there until the second week. 151 Chronological Summary of the Records. April 15th to 21st. Kent (fe-vv). „ 19tli. Wilts (passing). „ 22nd. Yorkshire light. 2;3ra. Suffolk. „ 25th. Kent. „ 26th. Suffolk (slight increase). „ 28th. Essex, Norfolk. „ 29th to 5th May. Kent (large nnnibers). „ 30th to 5th May. Suffolk (increase). May 2nd. Yorkshire light. „ 4th. Norfolk (increase). „ 5th. Merioneth. ,, 6th. Lancashire (a few). „ 6th to 12tli. Kent (many). „ 7th. Lancashire (slight decrease). „ 8th. Essex (increase). „ 9th & 10th. Merioneth (slight increase). ., 10th to 12th. Anglesey (plentiful). 11th. Dorset. „ 12th. Lancashire (increase). Glamorgan. „ 15th. Essex (increase). „ 20th. Norfolk (many). ,, 20th to 26th. Kent (large numbers : nesting). „ 24th. Norfolk (eggs). „ 26th. Glamorgan (decrease). ,, 27th. Glamorgan (nesting). 152 THE LITTLE TERN. Sterna minuta, L. A FEW Little Terns appeared in Kent between tlie Loth and 2Lst o£ April ; strao"^lers occurred in AViltsbire and Suffolk on the lyth and 23rd ; two c;ime to the lantern at Spurn Head lighthouse (Yorkshire) on the nioht of the 22nd, and a slight increase was noticed in Suffolk on the 26th. Large numbers arrived in Kent, and a further increase was noticed in Suffolk between the 2yth of April and the 5th of May. On the night of the 2nd of May some numbers came to the Spurn Head light, and further increases were reported in Essex between the 8th and 15th and in Norfolk on the liUli and 20th. The first west coast record was from Merioneth on the 5th of May, and a few were reported from the Lancashire coast on the 6th. Large numbers were nesting in Kent between the 20th and 26th, and had commenced doing so in Glamorgan on the 27th. Eggs were found in Norfolk on the 24th. On comparing the records of the two species of Tern it is obvious that they are unsatisfactory, and that in many cases the dates given are not those of the actual arrivals of the birds in the different areas, but are merely those of certain observers visiting special haunts. CriRONOLOGICAL SuMMARY OF THE RECORDS. Feb. 1st. Kintyre (one seen). „ 4th. Kintyre (ten or eleven seen). ,, 24th. Cardross, Clyde (three seen). A.pril 15th. Northumberland (passing). 153 April lath to 21.st. Kent (few). „ 20tli & 21sfc. Herts (passing). 23ra. Essex. „ 2Gtli. Kent (increase). „ 28tli. Suffolk. ,, 30th. Sufitolk (increase). „ 30th to 5th May. Kent (lar^-o nunihers). Mny 1st. Merioneth. ,, 1st to 5th. Suffolk (increase). „ 4th. Herts (passing). „ 5th. Merioneth (increase). „ Gth to 12tli. Kent (large numbers). „ 8fch. Essex. „ 9th. Norfolk. „ 9th ct 10th. Lancashire (passing). ,, 10tlitol2th. Anglesey (plentiful). „ 12th. Glamorgan (passing). „ 13th. Clyde (plentiful). „ 13th to 19th. Norfolk (few). „ 15th. Essex (increase). „ 17th. Anglesey (few). „ 20th. Norfolk (increase). ,, 20thto2Gth. Kent (large numbers : nesting). 22nd. Norfolk. „ 23rd. Warwick (passing). „ 25th. Warwick (passing). Anglesey (about 100 nesting). 154 l^NSCHEDULED BIRDS. SUMMARY OF THE RECORDS. THE MlSTLE-TIillUSH {Turdus viscivorus). Jan. 24th/2oth. Eddystone Lt. (Cornwall;, one killed. Feb. ]8lh/]9tli. Bardsey Lt. (Caruarvon), four. ,, ]9th/20th. Bardsey Lt., one; Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), eleven. ,, 20th/21st. AVithernsea Lt. (Yorkshire), one. „ 23rd/24th. Hauois Lt. (Guernsey) and St. Catherine's Lt. (Hants), one each. March 3rd. Bloxworth (Dorset), a small fluck. „ 31st. Cromer Lt. (Norfolk), many flying S. THE SONG-THRUSH (Turdns mmicits). Movements of small numbers of Soiig-Thruslies were recorded during' the last ten days of January at light-stations in the Isle of Man and on the N.AV. coast of Wales, at the Edd3'stone Light (Cornwall) and Hanois Light (Guernsey). A passing increase was noticed in the Plymouth district during the frost at the end of January and the beginning of February, and a continuous westward passage-movement was reported as taking place on the Hampshire coast on February the 2ud and 3rd, Avhile a single isolated record of "many" at Trevose Head Light (Cornwall) on the 4th/5th would seem to have been due to the same weather- raigriition. Birds obtained in Hampshire during this movement all belonged to tlie British race. On the nights of the 12th to the 14th of February small numbers were again noted on passage at Hanois Light, and at the same lime somewhat larger numbers were arriving on the western half of the south coast, wliile on the nights of the 23rd and 24th large uumbtTs arrived on the eastern lialf of tlie south coast. From the 12th to the 19th of February migration was recorded on every night at the lights round tlie N.W. coast of Wales, the movement 155 being heaviest both as regard the numbers recorded and the mind)er of recording lights on the nights of the 16th and 17th. At dawn on the 13th the birds left the Skerries towards the N.E., and on the 17th and 18th they left the Carnarvon Bay Light-vessel travelling E.S.E. (i. e. towards the nearest land, the Carnarvon coast). On the 19th/20th a single bird was taken at Lynmouth Foreland Light (N. Devon). The earliest record of movement on the east coast came from the Wash on the night of the 14th of February, and with the exception of an interval from the 17th to the 20th, movements were recorded nightly up to the 2oth and during the daytime on the 25th and 26th at stations between Spurn Head and the Kentish Knock. On the nights of the 14th, 17th, 24th and 25th tlie numbers recorded were large, on the other nights they were quite small. On the 3rd of March a large flock was seen at Bloxworth (Dorset), on the 9th/10tli many Song-Thrushes occm-red at St. Catherine's Light (FLampshire), and on the 27th and 31st considerable numbers arrived at Dungeness (Kent), disappearing during the following nights, while a few more arrived there on the 2nd uf April. On the 15th/16tli of April single birds were taken at St. Catherine's and Ilanois Lights, the one from the latter being a specimen of the Continental race. On the west coast considerable numbers were again recorded on paj^sage on the N.W. coast of Wales and in the Isle of Man on the 14th/15lli and again in the Isle of Man on the 23rd/24th, while small numbers were recorded from the Skerries on the 13th/14th of April, Bardsey Light on the 21st/22nd, and on the Isle of Man on the 24th/25th and on the 4th/5th of May. On the east coast migration was recorded at stations between Spurn Head and the Kentish Knock at intervals between the 13th of March and the end of the month ; the numbers seem to have been quite small, with two exceptions, viz., on the 14th/15th, when birds were passing Spurn Head Light continuously for an hour after midnight, and on the 27th, when many were seen flying N.W. past the Kentish Knock Light- vessel. It will be noticed that nearly all the records of this species were derived from light-stations, and that almost the whole of the movements thus recorded took place during the dark nights in the second half of each month, so that it was unsafe to base very definite conclusions upon them. THE BED WING {Turdus iliacus). The first Redwings seen in the Plymouth district (Devon and Cornwall coast) arrived on the 17th of January ; with the advent of the cold spell at the end of the month their numbers gradually increased, and they were very numerous betw^een the 30th and the 6th of February ; on the l2 break-up uf the frost on tliat date they gradually disappeared, .and none were seen after the i?6lh. On the Hampshire coast a passage-movement to the S.S.W. commenced at 2 p.m. on the 2nd of February, and con- tinued, though oradually dimini,shing, throughout the .3rd, 4th and .')th, ■while many Redwings occurred at Trevose Head Light (Cornwuli) on the night of the 4tli. Small numbers were also recorded at H.anois ].lgl)t (Quernseyj on the 20tli/30th of January. With the exception of small nunvbers at Ilanois Light on the I'lth/lGth of February and one or two passing birds seen on l)ungene.-s (Kent) on the 26th, 27th and 28th of March, there AveVe no further records of the Redwing from the neighbouihood of the south cotist. On the west coast a few liedwings Occurred at I^und}' IsLaud North Light on the ]7th/18lh of January .and .at Ciiicken Hock Jjight (Isle of Man) on the 20th/21st, while consider.able numbers were recorded at tlie latter light and at Bardsey JAght (Carnarvon) on the 18th/19tli. The west coast records for February and March were ])ractically the same as those of the Song-Thrush (tj. v.), with the exception that they were not so numerous, but they covered the same extent of co.ast and the same period of time. In April Redwings occurred ill quite small numbers at the Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the nights of the 13th and 14th and at liardsey Light on those of the 14th, 20th and 21st, while in May a few were noted .at Chicken Rock Light on the night of the 5lli. On the east coast small numbers occurred at Lynn Well Light-vessel (Wash) on the 8t]i/9th of February and :LDFARE {Turdinf pilaris). Fieldfares seem to have partaken in a minor degret; in tlie cold-weather migration at the end of January and beginning of February already d, 'tailed under the previous species, as a large incursion was noticed on the low ground of the Devon and Cornish coasts near Plymouth between the 2nd and 0th of February. They all, however, left that district again on the break-up of the frost. About forty occurred at the lantern of the Lcmin and Ower Light-vessel (Xorfolk) on the ]2tl]/loth of J.anaarv. 157 The ouly movements recorded diu-ii)g' February were those of Bii.'all mimbers at JJardsey Liglit (Carmirvoii) ou the iiig-hts of the I6th, I7th and 19th and the assemblinj^- of .-^mall tlocks iuto burger ones in Essex during: the tliird week of the month, But little miyratiua was observed durino; M^vch, and though small numbers of birds were recorded in several southern counties, definite movements were few. A large eastward movenient was reported from N.W. Sulfolk on the 2Gth and northward passages in Hampshire on the 28th and 3l3t, and in Somerset on the ;30th. Very large numbers congregated in Essex durjng; the last four da3'S of the month, a slight increase was noticed in Berkshire on the 30th, a sn;all fiock was seen on passage on the Cornish coast on the 17th, and one or two single birds arrived on Dungeness (Kent) on the 26th and 29th. Migration was evidently much more active during April ; snrall numbers occurred at the Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the .jrd/4th and at IJardsey and Skerj-ies Lights on the 14th/loth. A continuous east- ward passage was recorded in i!N.W. Surtblk throughout the month Besides numerous flocks, often of large size, tj^e majority no doubt being ou passage, recorded from localities all over England and Wales deKnite northward mpvements were remarked in Leicester on the 7th, in Lancashire on the Jlth, in S.W. Siiffolk on the 12th, in Somerset and Gloucestersiiire pu the 13th, jn Middlesex and Berkshire on the 14th, in Somerset on the 20t}i and 27th, in Cambridgeshire on the 24th and in Middlesex on the 28th, Eastward movements were recorded in Shropshire on the 23rd and 2oth, and decreased numbers in Shropshire on the 13th and 24th and in Yorkshire on the 19th and 27th. Ju the Eden Valley (Cuniberb^nd) but little alteration in numbers was noticed unt^l the 20th, when the main body departed ; during the following week tlie numbers gradually rose again, and these left on the night of {he 27th. The last Fieldfares disappeared from Cheshire between th^ 30th of April and the 3rd of Maj', a few were seen jn Hampshire and 31iddlesex on the 1st of May, a few occurred at Chicken Bock Light (Jsle of Man) on the niglit of the 4th, a small flock was seen in Oxford and a few in Essex on the oth. Fieldfares were seen for tbe last time in the Eden Valley on the 7th, and a single bird was seen in Gloucesterslrire as late as the 12th. THE BLACKBIUD {Turdiis merula). A single bird was killed at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on January 17th/18th. A large influx of Blackbirds occurred on Jlayling Island (Hampshire) and on the neighbouring coast of Sussex during the cold weather on the 2nd of February ; the majority of these had passed on by the 5th> and all had gone by the 9th. Si-x occurred at St. Catherine's Light 158 (ITampsliiie) on the 23r(l/24tli, a few arrived on Diingeness (Kent) on the 1st of April, and a single bird was taken at llanois Li;/lit on the 4th/oth of May. These are all the records that were received from the south coast. There were no records from either the west or the east coast in January. The west coast records for February .ind March were substantially the same as those of the Song-Thrush, but they covered a larger extent of coast-line, reaching from the Isle of Man to the Bristol Channel. The numbers would seem to have been somewhat larger than those of the Song-Thrush and the periods recorded slightly longer, lasting from the 10th to the 20th of February and from the 10th to the 21st of March. The east coast records were also very similar to those of the Song- Tlirush, but they were fewer and the number of birds was considerably less; the area coveied in February only reached from Spurn Head to the Norfolk coast, and the periods were somewhat less, lasting from the 16th to the 24th of February and from the 12th to the 26th of March. After March the only movements of Blackbirds recorded were tlio.se of a few at the Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the 14th/l-'5th of April and at the Chicken Eock Light (Isle of Man) on the 5tii/6th of May. THE STONECHAT {Praihicolu ruhicola). A single Stonechat was taken at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 17th/18tU of February, and large numbers, evidently represt>nting a considerable oversea immigration, occurred at the S. Foreland Light (Kent) on the 24th/2oth, while a single bird, without doubt on migration, was observed in Kensington Gardens, London, on the 28th. The first arrival (a female) was recorded at Hornsea (S.E. Yorkshire) on the 2nd of March ; a small tiock of migrants was observed on the Dee Estuary (Cheshire) on the same day, and single birds, probably also on passage, were seen inland in Renfrew on the .'5rd and nef.r Xorthwich (Cheshire) on the 10th. A small increase was noticed on the S.E. Sussex coast on the 2nd of April and a large arrival took ])lace in S.E. Suffolk on the 5th. The large number of fourteen was killed at the Morcambe Bay Light-vessel (Lancashire) on the 5th/6th of May; on the following night a single bird was taken at llanois Light (Guernsey), and one arrived on the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 11th. THE TIED WAGTAIL {Motacilla lugiibris). In January a dozen birds occurred at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 18th/19th, and a small southward migration was noticed on the Nia-thuinberhmd coast from the 28th to the '31st. 159 The first definite return movements were recorded in the fourth week of February. The first loo.al resident reached Carlisle (Cumberland) on the 21st, lai'ge numbers arrived in the Isle of Wight on the 24th and passed on after a short rest, while the first small flocks arrived in Cheshire on the 28th and 29th and numbers were seen near Manchester (Lancashire) on the 1st of March. Throughout March Pied Wagtails seem to have been arriving in small numbers on the south coast, a single bird was taken at St. Catherine's Light (Ilampsliire) on tiie 9th/10th and others arrived exhausted on the Nab Light-vessel (Hampshire) on the evening of the 13th and early morning of the lotli ; on the latter day three arrived from the sea at Dungoness Point (Kent) and others were seen flying N.W, at the same place on the 26t.h, 27th, 29th and 30th. Small flocks arrived on the South Devonshire coast on the 11th and 27th and on the Sussex coast on the I2th, while a single bird was taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 26th/27th and a gradual increase was noticed in the Isle of Wight during the last week of the mouth. Inland and further north the first summer-residents arrived at Sutton Coldfield (Warwickshire) on the 8th of March, and at Scarborough (Yorkshire) on the 10th. Scattered migrants were noticed in various parts of Cheshire during the first week of the month, larger flocks arrived there on the 9th and 10th and frequented the same localities for the greater part of the month, their numbers being increased by subsequent arrivais on the 16th, 18th and 23rd On the 17th a large migrating party was seen in the Cheddar Valley (Somerset). At Scarborough the numbers gradually increased throughout the month. Verj^ little movement was recorded during April, single birds were going north along the Suffolk coast on the 1st and 3rd, a large flock was seen passing in Cheshire on the 10th, a single bird was taken at Hanois Light (CTuernsey) on the ]5th/16th and many were on passage through Merioneth on the 19th. A single bird was killed at Spurn Head Light (Yorkshire) on the 6th/7th of May. THE MEADOW-PIPIT {Antkus pratensis). A single bird was killed at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 15th /1 6th of Februiiry. Meadow-Pipits were noticed on migration at Bloxham (Oxfordshire) throughout March, a flock of fifty or more being seen on the 30th. A small flock was seen at Northwich (Cheshire) on the 10th and an increase was reported from there on the 18th. The first summer- residents arrived on the Northumberland moors on the 25th, the numbers increasing during the next few days, while many arrived in the Eden Valley (Cumberland) on the 28th. On the 31st a large migrating flock was seen in Hertfordshire. IGO Oil the 2nt,h/26tli of ^rarch f\ sinp:!*' ]nrd was taken at Ilanois Liii:lit, and frniu the 2()tii to the 2nd of April sinyle birds and small parties were seen arriving^ from the sea at Dungeness (Kent) and flying inland to the north-Avest. These movements took place chiefly in the forenoon, but occasionally in the afternoon as well, and the largest numbers came in on the 27th. On the 3rd of April a few birds arrived on the Sussex coast and small numbers were seen flying N,W. at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel. An increase took plaiCe in Westmoreland on the 2nd and again on the 0th, on which day also fair numbers were seen on the hills in "W. Shropshire and a migrating party was seen in Oxfordshire. Many were passing through Chesliire on the 11th and 13th, small numbers occurred at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 14th/15th, and a largo passing flock wae seen at Oswestry (Shropshire) on the 17th. Daring ]May the only evidence of migration was from Spurn Head Light ( Yorksliire), where a single bird was killed on the oth/dth, and from the Pentland Skerries (Orkney), where passage-movements were observed between the 7th and loth. Meadow-Pipits were numerous there on the 7th, the numbers increased during the 0th and 10th and on the 12tli and 13tk they decreased. A few more arrived on the 14th and left during the follewiug night, so that on the 15th only resident birds were left. THE GEEENFINCII (Lu/imnus chlorU). Jan. 20th/21st. Lynn AVell Lt.-v. (Norfolk), 20 seen, one killed, apparently flying N.W. March 12th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., one flew on board. „ 28th. Dungeness (Kent), several arrived tVom the sea and flew N.W. „ oOth. Dungeness, a flock of 30 arrived from the sea at noon and flew N.W. Ajtril 2nd. Dungeness, si.\. arrived from the sea in the morning. " il^l'' V'''\' 1 I-owestoft (Sullblk), small numbers ilviug X. ah.ng the l_tll, |.)tll, /■ 1 T 1 I 11 Kithv'v: ''"'nd I ^'^^'^^ each day, larger numuers on tlie th and 23rd/24th. Single birds were taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the nights of the 21st, 23rd and 2oth, and small numbers occurred at stations on the north coast of Norfolk on those of the 20tli and 22nd. During February and ^larcli tlie records tVoni tin' snutli coast were scantv. another sinsjle bird was t^kcn at ILmnis Li|j;iit on the 4th of 1G3 February and two on the li'tli/lStli of March, small numbers parsed the south Goodwin Li^lit-vessel (Kent) on the 9th of February and the Nab Lig-ht-vessel (Hampshire) on the 29th of February and the 12th of March, travelling- X.W., a few were at the lantern of St. Catherine's Light (Hampshire) on the 23rd/24th of February and many on the 9tli/ 10th of March, while large numbers arrived on the Sussex coast from the S.E. during the second and third weeks of March, being recorded from both the eastern and western extremities of the county. The west coast records for February were precisely those already detailed for the Song-Thrush {q. v.), except that the numbers in the case of the present species would appear to liavebeen less. Those for ^Lirch, however, covered a longer period and were concerned with far larger numbers. Movements were recorded on almost every night from the 9th to the 24th at stations between the Isle of Man and Pembrokeshire. The numbers of birds increased nightly from the 9th to an enormous influx on the 14th, which was recorded at five ditlerent stations ; after that the numbers were quite small until a second influx on the 23rd. In the few instances in which the direction of flight was recorded, it was given as from the W. or N, VV., so the birds may possibly have been Irish winter-residents returning. The great feature of the spring movements of the Starling was, bowever, the magnitude of those recorded on the east coast. Between the 13th of February and the 3rd of April, one hundred and eleven separate observations were made between Whitby (Yorkshire) and the mouth of the Thames, movements being recorded on twenty days and on every night but fifteen during that period. On several occasions the whole length of this coast was covered by the records, specially large immigrations being recorded on the nights of the loth, 16th, 20th, 22nd, 23rd and 24th of February and of the 11th to the loth, the 18th and the 2oth of March. The direction of flight, though but poorly recorded, differed considerably at the diflereut stations and suggested that several movements were in progress simultaneously. The records from Spurn Head, which were numerous throughout the period, invariably gave the direction of flight as S.W. or S.S.W., the direction was S.E. at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk) on February 16th and H at the Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Suflolk) on the 23rd and 24th. Between the 25th of February and the 11th of March the direction at the Shipwash Light-vessel (Sufl'olk) was N.W., but S.W. or W. between the 28th of March and the 3rd of April, while during the latter period at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel the birds were flying N.W. On the 31st of March birds were flying S. at Cromer and on the 3rd of April N. at Lowestoft. Movements of small numbers were again recorded off' the Yorkshire and Lincolnshire coasts on the 10th, 13th and 18th of April and on the N.W. coast of Wales on the 3rd, from the 12th to the 14th and on the 21st. THE HOODED CROW {Conns conii.v). THE JACKDAW {Cornts viouediiln). THE IiOOK {CuriKS frugilegiis). Nearly tlie whole of the records relating to these species came from the east coast, aud as all three were frequently travellinjr in company and the li^ht-keepers as a rule did not ditlerentiate one from the other, it seemed convenient to take them all together. The earliest movement recorded Avas at the S. Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) on the 11th of February, when two " Rooks " were seen crossing the Straits of Dover to the S.E. On the 17th ten '• Crows " passed the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) also flying S.E. On the 2l9t large numbers of all three species Avere flying S.E. over Northrepps (Norfolk) horn 7.45 to 1L30 a.m., and this passage was repeated on the part of the Hooded Crows on the 23rd and by Jackdaws and Rooks on the 24th. A large eastward movement of Hooded Crows was also wit- nes.sed in X.l^. Suttblk on the 23rd. On the 19th and 22nd a few " Crows '' passed the Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Suffolk), flying E. on the former date and N.W. on the latter ; at tlie Shipwash Light-ves.sel ( Suffolk) several flocks of " Rooks " flying N.W. were seen on the 2-')th, 2(>th and 29th, and a large emigratory movement of Rooks took place from the S.E. Suffolk coast on the 28th, the line of flight being E.S.E. During the second week in ^March large numbers of Rooks in a fatigued condition arrived on the Sussex coast from the S.E. and passed inland to the N.W. On the ] 1th a flock of" Rooks " flying N.AV. passed the Shipwash Light-vessel ; on the 18th and 19th large numbers of Hooded Crows pa.ssed over Northrepps and Overstrand (Norfolk) from earl}' morniiifi until after mid-day, one remained about the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel all day on the 2.'^rd, and three came to the lanteni during the night, one being killed, while an observer in S,E. Suttork reported that nearly all had left that district by the 2t)th. At Lowestoft (Suffolk) in April flocks of Rooks and Jackdaws were seen flying S.E. on the 3rd, N.W. on the eth, E. on the 12th and N. on the 17th and 20th; at Hickling (NorfoJk)A flock passed N. on the 21st, A few " Crows" passed the Kentish Knock Light- vessel flying N.W. on the 7th. Hooded Crows were seen in Surrey during the second week of April, one was trapped in Hereford on the 17th aud one was seen at Lowestoft on the same day; a pair were seen in S.E. Yorkshire on the 2(tth, seven in S.E. Suffolk on the 30th and five on the I'entland Skerries (Orkney) on the lOlh of May. THE SKY-LAlMv {AlfinJa arroisis). The records of this specie, were almost wliolly derived fruin li^lit- stiitions, and those from the poiith coast were very scanty. The only ones that iiidicated the arrival uf any number of birds were tliose fi'om the Warner Light- vessel (Hampshire) on the ].'}th/14th of February and the S. Foreland Light (Kent) on the 2it\\/-2-'){h. A considerable immigration, unrecorded at the lights, took place on the coast of west Sussex on the 2oth, 26th and 27th of March, the birds travelling in a N.E. dii'ectiou. Smaller arrivds were recorded on the Ilamiishire coast on the 20th of February and on the Kent coast on the 2nd of April. The other south coast records were all of single birds, taken at Ilanois Light (Guernsey) on tlie 21st/22nd and 25tli/26th of January and the 12th/13th of March and at the ]']ddystone Light (Cornwall) on the 19th/20th of Apiil. On the nig'lits of the 17th and 29th of .January quite small numbers Averc recorded at the lanterns of Lundy Island North Light and the Skerries Light respectively, but with these exceptions the west coast records of the Sky-Lark for that month were the same as those of the Starling and the two species were apparently frequenth' travelling in company. In the same way those for February and March were vei-y similar, the records covered the same period and the same area, but the indi- vidual records of the Sky-Lark wcie more numerous than those of the Starling in February though the number of birds would seem to have been rather less, whereas in March both the number of records and the number of birds in the case of the Starling fiir exceeded those of the present species, which in addition was only recorded from the Isle of Man and the N.W. coast of "Wales. In April tlie only west coa>t records were those of quite small num- bers at the Skerries Light on the night of the 14th and at Bardsey Light on that of the 20th. Also like the Starling the east coast movements seem to have been the principal feature of the Sky-Larlv's spring migrations. ConsideraLde movements were recorded at intervals between the 11th and 22ud of January at stations between the Kentish Knock and the "Wash, the direction of flight being apparently to the X.NV., while on the LSth a flock was seen to arrive at Yarmouth from over the sea. During February, March and April the Sky-Lark"s records were slightly less in number than those of the Starling, but they covered a slightly longer period, viz. from the 8th of February to the 7th of April, and differed from the latter in several respects. Duiing the period betvreen the 8th of February and the loih important movements both by day and night took place in the area between Whitby and the "Wash, the records were continuous, the numbers large and the direction of flight towards some point between S.W. and N.W. In the case of the Starling there were only two ieolated records dUiing this period. Between the loth and 1C>C> 2oth of Februai y a series of large influxes were recorded, viz. : — on the nights of the loth to 17th, 20th and 22ud to tlie 24th, corresponding very closely with those of the Starling and cuvering the whole of the coast from Whitbv to the Thames, the only daylight-movements taking place on the lOth. Ou that occasion the direction of flight was recorded at the Lemaa and Ower Light-vessels as beinsr to the S.E. The other notes of direction being made by night are perhaps not so reliable, but they were given as S.W. (once S.) at Spurn Head and twice N.W., twice W. and three times E. at the Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Suffolk). The next period from the 2oth of February to the 10th of March was again one of continuous day- and night-movements, but the records came entirely from the area between Cromer and the Thames. The number of birds seems to have been considerably less than in the previous period and the daylight records were mostly those of single flocks. The direction of flight was westerly at the Shipwash Light-vessel (SufiTolk) and the Tventish Knock Light-vessel, and S.W. (once S.) at the Outer Gabbard Light-vessel. Between the 10th and 17th of March the whole coast-line was again covered and the numbers increa.'-ed to the magnitude of an influx on the nights of the 12th, 1.3th and 14th, the only daylight records being on the 11th and 2oth, when birds were flying W. towards the Suffolk coast. During the final period from the 23rd of March to the 7th of April the records were almost entirely those of daylight- movements, and with the exception of one (numbers flying S. at Cromer on the 31st) were entirely confined to the area between Suffolk and the Thames. The number of migrants was large and their direction of flight towards some point between N.W. and S.W. THE SHAG {Phalacrocorax (/racnhis). Shags were first seen off" the Northumberland coa?t at Cullercoats on the loth of January and were fairly numerous there after the 2Gth. On the 24th one was killed on a pond at Ilebden Bridge (Yorkshire) and a second was seen on Northwich Church tower (Cheshire) and captured. On the 2oth a third was seen near Bradford (Yorkshire) and captured two days later. On the 26th a fourth was killed at Gamthwaite (Lancashire), a fifth at "Wfiverton, near Chester, and si.^ others were seen at Ashton Hayes, Delamere (Cheshire) and one of them shot. On the 27th one was shot on Dowles Brook (Shropshire) and on the 31st another near Bakewell (Derby). On the iOth of February one was found dead at Bostherne (Cheshire), probably part of the same unfortunate batch of wanderers, THE BRENT-GOOSE (Benmlu brcnta). Jan. isth. Yarmouth (Norfolk), flock of 70 flying S, „ 2;)rd. SI. Mary's Island (Northumberland), fh.ck of 10-15 flying N. ; Yealm Estuary (Devon), none. Jan. 31st. Feb.: : 1st wee March 1 M ■2nd. » 3rd, » 4th. }> 5th. » 8th. >) 10th. n 13th. )^ 26th. Marc h 1st. April 5th. 1(57 Yeahn E-stuary, oiio seen. 1st week to i Tetney Haven (Lincolnshire), flock of 100, light . ( bellied birds, St. Mary's Island, four flocks flying N. St. Mary's Island, many flocks of 10-15 flying N. St. Mary's Island, one or two flocks flying N. . St. Mary's Island, flock of 25-27 flying N. St. Mary's Island, flock of 10-12 flying N. Yealni Estuary, two seen. Grainthorpe (Lincolnshire), four seen. Yealui Estuary, departed. Tetney Haven, five dark bellied birds seen. St. Mary's Island, one fl^'ing S. THE WIGEON {Mareca 2}e}ielope). Jan. — Cheshire meres, larger numbers than usual. „ 16th. Yarmouth (Norfolk), large numbers flying S. „ 22nd. Yealm Estuary (Devon), 300 counted. „ 27th. Cheshire meres, frozen, decrease. „ 31st. Y'ealni Estuary, increase. Feb. 4th. Poole (Dorset), two or three seen. Yealm Estuary, 500 counted. . „ 10th to 17th. Rostherne (Cheshire), a few. „ 19th to 21st. Rostherne, decrease. March 2nd. Y'ealm Estuary, numbers. „ 5th. Breydon (Xorfolk), about 80. „ 6th. Breydon, about 100. „ 13th. Breydon, about 200. „ loth. Y'^ealm Estuary, decrease, 40 counted. „ 22nd & 26th. Breydon, about 300. „ 27th. Y'ealm Estuary, 2 only. „ 29th. Yealm Estuary, none ; Romney Marsh (Kent), num- bers. „ 31st. Breydon, nearly all gone. April 2nd. Yealm Estuary, a pair. ,, 6th. Breydon, a few only. ,, 7th. Ulverston (Lancashire), heard passing at night. „ 10th. Romney Marsh, many. „ 12Lh. Tring (Hertfordshire), 2 seen. „ 14th. Silverdale (Lancasliire), three flocks going N.E. between 9 and 9.30 p.m. ,, 20th. Pensford (Somerset), a pair of winter-residents left. „ 25th. Silverdale, many passing N.E. from 9 to 11 p.m. „ 27th. Romney Marsh, about 20 seen. 10th. 26th. ( 108 THE STONE-CURLEW {auUcitanm sculvpa.v). March 9th. Downton (Wiltshire), first soon. „ 20th, Biickholt (Tl.impshire^, 2 seen. „ 29th. Dungeuess (Kent), iirst arrival. „ 30th. Downton, 3 seen; Hollesle}' (Sullblk), a pair. „ 31st. Icklinghara (Norfolk), one seen. April 2nd. Near Romsey and liaddesley (Hampshire), single birds. „ 8th. Riickholt, 3 pairs. „ loth. Ilavant (Hampshire), a pair. „ 21st. W. Sutlblk, many. „ 23rd. Croxton Kerrial (Leicester), one seen. „ 29Lh. Downton, incubating. THE RINGED PLOVER {A'.tjinUtis Jdaficnla). Jan. 31st. Yealni Estuary (Devonshire), decrease. March 6th. Falvenhara (Suilullc), returned to breeding-haunts. „ 10th. P>reydon (Norfolk), jiundreds. „ 13th. Breydon, increase. „ 18th & 24th. Plymouth (Devonshire), decrease. April 21st. Littlestone (Kent), Hock of 20, newly arrived. „ nth iS: 17th. Breydon, large flocks. „ 2r)th. Breydon, about 2000. May Gth ^K: 0th. Nr. Northwich (Cheshire), a few passing. „ 13th. Breydon, hundreds. " '' ~ > Castletown (Isle of Man), small numbers, passing. & 19th. I ^ ■ '1 c June 2nd. Breydon, several. THE GOLDEN PLOVER (Charudiiu^ pluvialis). Jan, oth. Farlington marshes (Sussex), flock of 50 resting, rose at 4.20 I'.M. and flew straight out to sea going S.E. ,, 17th/18th. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), .'5. „ I8th/19th. Chicken Rock Lt. (Isle of Man), .") at 10.0 p.m. and 10 at 4.0 A.M. ; Bardsey Lt., 20. „ 21st. Felstead (Essex), 500 seen, winter-residents. „ 23rd/24th. Bardsey Lt., 8. Feb. 1st Aveek. Plymouth (Devonshire), a few arrived. ,, 4th. liosham (Sus.sex), flock of 9 flying S. „ lotli/llUh. S])urn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 3. „ 17th/] Sth. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), 50. „ 2Uth. Felstead, flock of 42 flying N.W. It; 9 Feb. 20tli/21st. Spurn Head Lt., one. March 10th. Plymouth, flock of 30 flying S.W. „ 10th & 12th. Bowdon (Cheshire), 100-150 seen. ,, 13th. Bowdon, decrease. „ 23rd. ]3owdon, increase. „ 25th. Bowdon and Northwich, passing- at night. 26th, 27th, 29th&31st. Bowdon and Northwich, numbers. ,, 27th & 31st. Gower (Glamorgan), large numbers. ,, 28th & 30th. Bowdon and Northwich, decrease. „ 29th. Haileybury (Herts), 100 seen. „ 31st. Littlehampton (Sussex) and Felstead, winter-residents still present, April Gth. Wirral (Cheshire), numbers passing. „ 7th to l-lth. Pensford (Somerset), flock of 100, winter-residents. „ 8tl]. Oswestry (Shropshire), 40 passing; Glendale (North- umberland), many passing. „ l-lth. Burriugton (Somerset), flock of 40 seen ; Cheshire, many large flocks passing ; Ingleton (Yorkshire), a few pairs on the moors. „ IGih. Nr. Moreton (Cheshire), a few flying N. „ 22nd. Ingleton, 30 passing; Hexham (Northumberland), many flying W. THE LAPWING ( Vanellus vulgaris). The only records from the east coast in January were of a flock at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk) on the 12th/13th, and of large numbers that arrived from the east at Haisboro' (Norfolk) on the night of the 15th. On the west coast numbers varying between twenty and sixty occurred at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and Skerries Light (Anglesey) on four nights between the 12th and 24th, and a single bird was taken at Chicken Eock Light (Isle of Man) on the 20th/21st. On the south coast an observer at Plymouth stated that there were practically no Lapwings in that neighbourhood until the cold weather at the end of January ; the first flock arrived on the 20th, followed on the 29th by a large number which scattered over the fields, while many flocks were passing to the S. and S. W., some of them disappearing out to sea. Those that stayed behind remained until the break up of the frost on the 6th of February and then disappeared. On the other hand, our observer at Hayling Island stated that after a large emigration on the 1st of January when a flock estimated at three thousand was seen passing high out to sea, travelling S.S.W., there were practically no Lapwings in that area, and M 170 no movement took place diiria;^ the cokl spell. The route taken by emi- grants in that district is said to be an invariable one ; it differs from that used by several other species of waders and follows a line, roughly S.S.W., over I^angstone Bridge, across the N.W. corner of Ilayling IsUiiid, diagonally across Langstone Harbour, Southsea, Spithead, and Isle of Wight. At Ilanois Light (Guernsey-) Lapwings were heard passing on the 17th/18th. A single bird was taken on the 19th/20th, a flock arrived from the N.E. on the 28th, and about sixty were round the lantern on the 29th/.30th. On the 8th of February a large fluck was seen in Guernsey. On the nights of the 13th, 16th, 18th and 19th small numbers occurred at IJardsey Light, but these were the only records from tlie west coast until the middle of March. From the 20th of February until the 26th of jNLirch migration was very active on the east coast ; there were hftecn records from light- ftations between Spurn Head (Yorkshire) and the coast of Suffolk, the larger number being from Spurn. The majority were records t.f nocturnal movements, and occasionally the numbers were large ; for instance, at the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) on the 1.3th/14th of March and at Spurn Head Light on the 14th/15th when Lapwings were passing continuously for an hour after midnight. The direction of flight at this station was always recorded as being either S. or S.W., while on the 2ord of February at Cromer a large flock was seen flying W., and at the Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (SulVolk) ten that were round the lantern on the following night flew to the E. at dawn. On the 9th/10th of March a single bird was taken at St. Catherine's Light (Hampshire), on the 12th/13th a few occurred at Hanois Light, and on the 14th/loth, and on April 12th/13th and 14th/15th small numbers again appeared at Bardsey Light. THE OYSTER-CATCHER {Ilmnatopm ostraJeyus). Jan. 16th. Breydon (Xorfolkl, many arrived. „ ITtli to 30th. S.E. Suffolk coast, a large flock. „ 19th. Near Ilitchin (Herts), one shot. Feb. 14th. S.E. Suffolk coast, all gone. April 11th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), one. ,. 14th/15th. Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), one. May 9th. Ulverston (Lancashire), large increase. THE TURNSTONE {Strepsilas intcrpres). Jan. to ]March. Plymouth (Devonshire), a few winter-residents. Jan. 16ih. Cullercoats (Northumberland), severol. „ 20t)i. S.E. Suffolk coast, several. „ 22nd. 0.\f(ird, one. 171 Marcli IGtb. St. Leonards-on-Sea (Sussex), hoard passing, apparently W., at 9.35 P.M. April 12th. Plymouth, increase. May 11th. Menai Straits (Anprlesey), 6 seen. „ 12tli to 20th. Pentlaud Skerries (Orkney), seen in varying numbers daily. „ IGth & 25th. Breydon (Norfolk), some passing. „ 2Gth, S. Yorkshire coast, a flock. THE COMMON SNIPE {Gallinago ccclcstiS}. Jan. 18th/19th. Pardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), G. „ 21st. Felstead (Essex), increase. ,, 23rd. Felstead, decrease. „ 23rd/24th. Bard^ey Lt., a few. Feb. 17th/18th. Bardsey Lt., 12. „ 19th/20th. Bardsey Lt., a few. March lltli, Fakenham (SutTolk), numbers returned to nesting- haunts. „ 21st/22nd. Bardsey Lt., 2. „ .25th. Felstead, many. „ 30th. Wells (Somerset), 12 passing. „ 31st. Felstead, decrease. April 7th. Ware (Herts), many passing. „ 14th to 21st. Tring (Herts'), a few passing. THE DUNLIN {Trini/a aJpitia). A very lai'ge movement of this species took place on the east coast in niid-.lanuary with the advent of the cold spell. Large flocks were seen flying S. along the Suftblk coast all day on the Gth. On the nights of the lltli and 12th man}' were round the lantern of the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk) and on the 14th/15th enormous numbers occurred at Haisboro' Light (Norfolk), the Leman and Ower and Kentish Knock Light-vessels, and on the following night at Haisboro' Light and the Would Light-vessel (Norfolk), fifty being killed at the latter alone. On the IGth thousands of Dunlins arrived on Breydon. On the nights of the 22nd and 24th small numbers were recorded from the Lynn Well Light-vessel (Wash). During the third week of the mouth a large flock arrived on a creek near Plymouth, where the species is comparatively seldom seen in winter, and remained until the 24th of March, when their numbers decreased and they finally left during the first week in April. The only February records were of large numbers at Withernsea Light (Yorkshire) on the 8th/9th, and of small numbers at Lynn Wells M 2 172 Light-vessel ou 14tli/]-5tb, and at Spurn Head Light (Yorlishire) on the 22nd/23rd. In March small numbers again occurred at Spurn Head I>ight on the 13th/14tli, single birds were killed at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the 14th/loth and at Spurn Head Light on the 26th/27th, while small numbers were ou passage on the Kent coast during the last week of the month. From the 28th of April to the 10th of May tlie passage of considerable numbers w^as recorded on the Manx coast, the flocks being conspicuously large during the last week of that period. During the first two weeks in May quite small numbers were noted on passage at inland waters in Cheshire. From the s;^cond week of Marcli to mid-^Iay large numbers were recorded at iulfu'vals from Ereydun (Norfolk). THE KNOT ( Trini/a canuius). Large numbers of Knots occurred at the Leman and Ower Light- vessel (Norfolk) on the nights of the 11th and 14th of January ; small num])ers at Lynn Well Light-vessel ("Wash) on the 20tli/21st and at llaisboro' Light (Norfolk) on the 29th/30th. Between the 16th and 2->th of February flocks were recorded on four days and on two nights flying to the S.W. at Spurn Head Light, on each occasion at some time between 4.0 and 11.30 p.m. Similar observations were recorded at the same place on the 12th and 13th and the nights of the 14th and 15th of March ; on the 14th/10th Knots were passing continuously for an hour after mid- night, and ou the 12th/13th many were at the lantern of the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire), On the 18th of February a single bird was killed at Flatholm Light (Bristol Channel), on the 1st and 2iul of April single birds were observed on inland waters in Cheshire, and on the 17th of May one was seen at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney). A ilock was seen at Breydon (Norfolk) on the 5th of March, and by the 13th the numbers had increased to some thousands, but after that date only a few were seen ou the 2oth of April and during the first two weeks of June. THE rURrLE sandpiper {Tnniju mantima). Jan. to March. Plymouth (Devon and Cornwall), a few winter-rosi- denls. Plymouth, decrease. Plymouth, 7 arrived from the S.E. over the sea. Plymouth, decrease. Plymouth, IG arrived. Isle of Man, 9 still in winter-quarters. Isle of Man, decrease. March 18th. April 3rd. V 9th. » 12th. IJ 21st. '> 23rd. J> 16th. Miircli 30th. April 1st. >) 11th. ») loth. 173 May 11th. INIenai Straits (Anglesey), 2 seen. „ 12th to 20th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), seen iu varying numben daily. THE SANDER LING {Calidris arenaria). Jan. 12th/13lh. Lemau and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), 40. Marston (Bedfordj, one shot. Dungeness (Kent), 40, just arrived. Dungeness (increase). Rye Harbour (Sussex), an arrival. Marbury Mere (Cheshire), one passing. THE GREEN SANDPIPER {Totanus ochropm). Green Sandpipers were reported singly or in pairs from several localities in Cheshire between the 20th and 27th of January, on the 10th of March and the 3rd of April. One was seen on the Trent (StafTordshire) on various days during January and up to the 6th of February. Single birds were recorded from Romney Marsh (Keut) on the 11th and 26th of April, from Norton Fitzwarrt^n (Somersetshire) on the 12th, and from Wells (Somersetshire) on many days between the 20th of April and tlie 19th of May. THE REDSHANK (Totanus calidris). Redshanks began to disappear rapidly from the coast in the neighbour- hood of the Sussex and the Hampshire border during January, and by the 31st their numbers were hardly five per cent, of what they had been in the first half of the winter. A slight increase took place during the cold weather ending February 6th, and a further slight increase took place on the 9th. The winter-residents in the neighbourhood of Plymouth left during the last week in March ; they had all deserted Cornwall by the 31st and the Devon coast by the 2nd of April. Redshanks had returned as summer-residents to Stafibrdshire on the 12th of March, to the Sussex marshes by the 14th, to Warwickshire by the 17th and to Suffolk by the 29th. They were seen flying N. in Somerset on the 2oth, and were passing in Cheshire on the 29th and 30th. A pair were seen near Clifton (Derbyshire), a new locality, on the 7tli of April, one was passing W. in Hertfordshire on the 18th, and two arrived and remained a day at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) oii the 8th of Ma3\ The Redshanks breeding in localities in Stafford- shire and Northumberland were reported as being more than usuallv numerous. 174 THE CURLEW {Numeiims arqiiata). Curlews were reported ia considerable numbers from the Kentish Knock, Outer Gabbard, Leman and Ower and Lyn Well Light-vessels (i. e. between the Wash and the Thames) on the niprhts of the 12th, 14th, loth and 20th of Janaar\', and in small numbers from Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) on the 20th/21st and Bardsey Light (Car- narvon) on the 23rd/24th. In February small numbers occurred at 13ardsey Light on the nights of the Itith and 19th, at Skerries Light (Anglesey) on the 20th/21st, and at the English aijd Welsh Ground Light-vessel {Bristol Channel) on the 27th/28th, while ilocks were flying N.W. ])ast the Kentish Knock Light- vessel'on the mornings of the 2(Jth and 29th. Curlews visited Breydon (Norfolk) on passage in small numbers on Cth, 10th, 13th and 31st of March and on the 0th of April. On the afternoons of the 7th and 9th of March very large flocks were reported as flying S.W. at Spurn Head (Yorkshire); large numbers occurred at the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) on the night of the 13th and small numbers on that of the 18th, 2-3th and 2Gth. On the west coast a few were seen at Chicken Rock Light on the llth/12th and 23rd/24th, aud at Bardsey Light on the 14tli/loth. Curlews were heard passing over St. Leonards-on-Sea (Sussex) apparently going W. at 9.30 p.m. on the 20Lh, and an easterly movement along the south coast of Kent was recorded between the 27tli and 31st. In April quite small numbers occurred at tlie lanterns of Rardsey Liglit on the 12th/13th and Mth/loth, the Outer Dowsing Light- vessel on the 13tb/14th, and Spurn Head Light on the 18th/19th. Two occurred inland in Cheshire on the 2ud and 10th, and birds were heard passing at night in Somerset on the 12th. Curlews arrived on their breeding-ground on Dartmoor on the 9th of March and on the Black Mountains of S. Wales on the 11th, additional numbers arriving in the latter locality on the 20th and 22Md. Flocks were seen passing at the Fentlaud Skerries (Orkney) on the 12th and 13th of May. THE WriIMBREL {Xumomm pJucoini,'^). Whimbrels were lieard going N. in l>ancashire on the 1 ith of April, many were seen in Devon on tlie IGth, two in Cornwall on the 18th, and a single bird in the Isle of Man on the 21st, on which day the first few arrived at Breydon (Norfolk). By the 22nd the Devonshire birds had all passed on, five were seen in Merioneth and an increase took place in Norfolk on the 2oth, and the same night, fruin 9 to 1 1 1'.:m , liirge numbers were (lying N.E. in 175 l>anc;isliire. On the 2l)tli n. siiiolo Lird and on tlie 27th ahuut twenty arrived in Itumney Marsli (Kent), and on the 28th a pair were passing' in JJrecon. On the 1st and 2nd of May a few arrived on tlie [lanipsliire coast, and by the 11th the numbers in IJomnev Marsli had vastly ii creased, the majority passing on between then and the 25th. On the 1st tliree were seen in Cheshire, on the 2ud there was a movement through Mc-riouetli ; they were heard passing N. in Hertfordshire ou the 3rd, in Somerset and Renfrew on the 7th, in Glamorgan on the 8th and 9th, in Lancashire on the 9th and 12th, in Somerset on the 10th and in Anglesey on the 10th, 11th and 12th, while small numbers were passing across the Isle of Man between the 12th and 19th and the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 8th, 10th, 11th and the KJth. A further arrival took place in Norfolk on tlie 7th, the numbers assuming larger proportions on the 13tli : all had passed on by the 23rd. THE LITTLE AUK {Mergulus alle). The winter of 1911-12 was remarkable for one of the largest visitations of this sppcies that has ever occurred in Great Britain. The birds appeared in great numbers in the Pentland Firth and at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) early in November 1911, and one was seen oif Scar- borough (Yorkshire) as early as the 1st of that month. Others appeared at Auskerry (Orkney) and Fair Isle (Shetland) in the middle of the month, and stragglers occurred at Stallingborough (Lincolnshire) ou the 13th, at Ilebden Bridge and Beverle}' (Yorkshire) on the 21st and 24th, at Louth (Lincolnshire) on the 23rd, and at Scarborough on the 30th. Early in December the birds that had been accumulating in the seas round the Orkneys seem to have been driven south ; one appeared in the Forth on the 3rd, and they were plentiful there on the 8th and 17th, while stragglers were recorded at sevei'al places on the east coast of Scotland between the 12th and the end of the month. Considerable numbers arrived off the Yorkshire coast between Scarborough and Filey during the latter part of December, thirteen wei'e seen at the mouth of the Aide (Suffolk) on the 22nd_. and a straggler was found in Shropshire on the 26th. A S.E. gale with snow on the 8th and 9th of January, 1912, brought hundreds of Little Auks on to the Northumberland coast; with that exception but little movement was recorded until the end of the second week of January. On the loth a fierce easterly gale began on the E. coast of Scotland which lasted until the 18th, and during that period, and after, many hundreds of these birds were driven ashore along the whole coast from the Shetlands to Berwick and were scattered far inland across the southern half of Scotland. It seems 176 probable that the mnjority of the survivors were driven south by this gale, as but few occurrences were reported from Scotland after the end of January, and during the last day of the gale large numbers were passing south along the Northumberland coast, and arrivals were recorded on the Yorkshire and Norfolk coasts on the 20th. A good many occurred inland as far west as Staffordshire and Derbyshire and as far south as Kent and Sussex between the last-named date and the beginning of Februarj-. On the 1st and 2nd of that month a fierce blizzard raged which swept enormous numbers on to the east coast of England ; the larger proportion seems to have been driven ashore between the Firth of Forth and Norfolk and thence inland in a more or less south-westerl}' direction, so that during the following ten days or so many stragglers were found scattered throughout England to the east and north of a line through Sussex, Surrey, Buckinghamshire, Gloucestershire, "NVorcestersliire, Shropshire and Cheshire, while stragglers reached counties Dublin, Wicklow and Carlow in Ireland. Should records be required in further detail, reference niav" be made to the * Report on Scottish Ornithology in 1911,' p. 70, the 'Scottish Naturalist,' 1912, pp. 77-81, and ' British Birds ' (Mag.), v. pp. 282 et seq., 309 et seq., 337-8, and vi. p. 22, from which the greater part of the above has been condensed. 177 ISOLATED RECORDS AND SIXGLE OCSEEVATIOXS. The Wksterx Black-throated Wheatear {Saxicola occidental is). Two males shot uear Winclielsea (Sussex), May 16tli and 19th. The Isabelline "Wheatear [Saxicola isabellina). Two males shot, Rye Harbour (Sussex), March 28t]), and St. Leonards-on-Sea (Sussex), May 10th. The Blace: Redstart {Ruticilla tifi/s). One, Plymouth Hoe, January 2otb ; one, Great Orme's Head (Carnarvon), March 1st ; one, Yealm Estuary (Devon), 27th; one arrived, Pentland Skerries (Orkney), May 7th, and a second on the 9th. The Red-spotted Bluethroat {Cyanecida sueeica). Two males shot, Rett (Sussex), April 27th. The Redbreast {Erithacus ruhecula). Four, Nab Lt.-v. (Hants), left for N.W., February 29th ; two passing, Dungeness (Kent), March 26th; one, Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), April 5th/6th ; one, Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), 13th/14th ; one, on board all day, Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. (Lincoln), 14th ; three to S.W. at 9 a.m., Shipwash Lt.-v. (Suffolk), 14th. The Goldex-crested Wren {Regtdus cristatus). Single birds taken at St. Catherine's Lt. (Hants), March 9th/10th ; Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), 17th/18th; Whitby Lt. (Yorkshire), April lOth/llth ; Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon) and Whitby Lt., 14th/15th ; Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), 17th/18th ; Bardsey Lt., 20th/21st; three, Spurn Head Lt., March 12th/13th ; several arrived, N.E. Suffolk coast, April 2nd and loth. The Hedge-Sparrow {Accentor niodularis). One passing, Spurn Head (Yorkshire), March 30th. The White-headed Loxg-tailed Titmouse {Acredula caudatu). Two seen, Bradfield (Essex), March 22nd. The Grey Wagtail {Motacilla melanope). Usually plentiful in Cheshire throughout January ; last seen, Falmouth (Cornwall), March loth, and Cheltenham (Gloucester), April 12th ; one seen, Romney Marsh (Kent), March 29tli ; one passing, Ackworth (Yorkshire), April 24th. 178 The IjLUE-nKADED Wagtail {Motitcilla Jlaca). Two males shot, lioinney Marsh (Kent), April 14th ; a pair seun, Wiiichelsea (Sussex), 24th ; Great Orme'.s Head (Carnarvou), female seen, May 1st and 9th ; male, 1 1th ; two seen, Llandudno Bay (Car- narvon), 16th. The Guey-headed Wagtail {MoUicilla Jlnca thunberyi). Male shot, Scotney, near Ilye (Sussex), April 28th. Tue Rock-Pipit (Authus obscuvus). Several, Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. (Lincoln), March 19th/20th. The Golden Oriole {Oriulus ijalhulu). Male seen, Tresco (Scilly Isles), May 12th ; several, both sexes, 17th, The Gueat Grey Shrike {Lanius excubitor). OiiQ seen, Goathland (Yorkshire), March 23rd 5 one seen, Cullercoats (Northumber- land), April 10th. The Lesser Grey Shrike (Lanius viinur). A pair shot, Ilollingtuu (Sussex) ; male. May oth ; female, 7th. Thic Waxwing (Ampelis garrulus). Six or eight seen, Grange-over- Sands (Lancashire), March 2nd ; one seen, Peper Harow (Surrey), April 25th. The IIawfixch [Coccothruustcs vulgaris). Tw'o, on shore, Poole (Dorset), February 5th. The Brambling {Frinyilla montifrinf/illa). Many, Bowness (West- moreland), February 28th ; two passing, Tunbridge Wells (Kent), March 23rd ; few, flying N.N.W., Kentish Knock Lt.-v., April 4th; large flock, near Kettering (Northampton), 14th to 21st; few passing, Upton (Cheshire), I6th to 25th. The Mealy Redpoll {Linuta lijiavia). Small flock, Stepps (Lanark), January 7th. The Twite {Linota flavirostris). One passing, Pentland Skerries (Orkney), May 11th. The Scarlet Grosbeak (Fi/nJnila enjthrina). One seen, Adderbury (Oxford), January 31st. The Crossbill {Loxia curvirostra). Nine seen, Chatwell (Stall'ord- shiro), January 3rd; Ave seen, Woodcote (Statlbidsbirf), 11th; four seen, Stretton (Staffordshire), 2Gth ; a party seen near Oswestry (Shropshire), March 2(3th and April 2ud ; one seen, Delamere (Cheshire), April 14th ; several small parties, loth to 28th ; male shot, Rotherwas (Hereford), 17th. The CoRX-BuxTiNG [Emheriza miliar ia). First seen at breeding-place near Plymoutli (Cornwall), April 3rd and on Devon coast, 4th, increase on 12th ; flrst seen at breeding-place, Penzance, 13th, and on N. Cornish coast 15th; first seen Carperly (Yorks) 19th ; one, passing, Pentland Skerries (Orkney), May 9th. The Yellow Bunting {Emberiza citrinella). Flock of twenty, near Knutsford (Cheshire), March 9th. 179 The Eastern Large-billed Reed-Buntixg {Emberiza palustris tsc/iKsii). Male shot, Ilye (Sussex), April :23rd. TuE Sxow-BuNTiNG {riectvophenux nivalis). Several, Outer Dowsing Lt-.v. (Lincolnshire), March 18th/19th ; one, Spurn Head Lt, (Yorkshire), 2oth/i>Gth ; one seen, Bamburgh (Northumberland), April 8th. The Jackdaw [Corvus monedula). Flock flying N., Lowestoft (Suffolk), April 17th. The Hoopoe {Ujmpa ejMjys). One taken, Haisboro' Lt.-v. (Norfolk), early in March ; single birds seen at Littlehampton (Sussex), April 2nd, Plymouth (Dev^on) and Ellesmere (Shropshire) (shot) 13th, near Barnsley (Yorkshire), May 4th, and Diss (Norfolk), at the end of May or beginning of June. Tengmalm's Owl {Xi/ctala temjmalmi). One caught, Unst (Shetland), January 23rd. The Hen-Harrier {Circus cyajieus). One shot, Holywell (Northum- berland), January 24th, and single birds seen, Fritton (Suffolk), April 2()th and Downton (Wiltshire), April 29tli. The lioL'GH-LEGGED BuzzARD (Siiteo Irtffopus). Female shot, Sutton Common (S.E. Suffolk), February 14th ; one seen, Croydon (Surrey), April 21st. The Sparrow-Hawk {Accipiter 7iisus). One coasting N., CuUercoats (Northumberland), April 8th. The Greenland Falcon [Falco ccmdiccms). Adult male captured, Barra (Outer Hebrides), April 2ud. The Hobby {Falco mhbuteo). Pair arrived, Downton (Wiltshire), April 27th. The Kestrel {Falco tinnunculus). Female arrived from sea and flew N.W., Dungeness (Kent), 9.30 a.m., March 29th ; one arrived from sea, Dungeness, 8.30 a.m., April 1st ; three flying N., Lowes- toft (Suffolk), 12th ; one flying E., Hickling (Norfolk), 21st. The Cormorant {Phalacrocorax carbo). One shot, Ludlow (Shrop- shire) end of January {cf. Shag, p. 160) ; one seen, Triug (Herts), May 5th. The Night-Heron (^yc^;'cwff.r ^mf'?arge numbers of Redwing.*, with a few Song-Thrushes, Sky-Larks, Starlings and Golden Plovers at 10 p.m. and 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 5 to 2. Snow, to overcast. Skerrie.^Lt. — A few Starlings, Sky-Larks and Lapwings at 9 P.M. Wind S.E. 3. Passing snow. ., 19th. New Moon. „ 19th/20tl) . Fddy.^tove LJ. — A few Song-Thrushes before midnight. Wind E.S.E. Haze, to drizzle. Ilanois Lt. — Two Song-Thrushes at 9 p.m. and a Lapwing at 4 a.m. Wind S.E. to S.S.E. Dark, clear. Skerrifs Lt. — A few Song-Thru.*hes at 10 p.m. and 3 A.M. Wind S.E. (J. Gloomy. 187 Jan. 20tb/21st. Chicken Rock Lt. — A few Redwings, Sky-Larks, Lap- wings and Curlews at 11 p.m. Wind E. 5. Hazy to showery, Lynn Well Lt.-v. — x\. few Greenfinches, Starlings, "Knots," "Stints" and Curlews at 8 p.m., ap- parently flying N.W. "Wind S.E. 2. Rain and fog. „ 21st/22nd. Hanoh Lt. — A Starling and a Skj'-Lark between 3 and o a.m. Wind S.E, 2. Dark, clear. Lynn Well Lt. — Many Sky-Larks at 10 p.m., apparently flying N.W. Wind w!s.W. 3. Dense fog. Outer Doiosiny Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks and Stai-llngs between 8 p.m. and 2 a.m. Wind W.N.W. 3 to W.S.W. 3. Fog. Skerries Lt. — A few Sky-Larks at 11 p.m. Wind S.W. 2. Blue sky. „ 22nd/23rd. Cromer Lt. — Several Starlings at 5.30 a.m. W^ind E. 3. Overcast. Lynn Well Lt.-v. — A few Starlings, Sky-Larks and Dunlins at 11 p.m. and 4 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 3. Cloud}- and misty. Outer Doivsiny Lt.-v. — Three Sky-Larks at 1.30 a.m. Wind E. 3. Overcast. „ 23rd/21th. Burdsey Lt. — Many ChafBnches, Starlings and Sky- Larks from 7 to 12 p.m. ; many Lapwings with a few Golden Plovers and Curlews from 7 p.m. to 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 4. Cloudy. Hanois Lt. — A Song-Thrush and a Starling at 5 a.m. Wind X.X.E. 2. Overcast, snow. „ 24th/25th. Eddysfone Lt. — A Mistle-Thrush in the early morning. Wind S.E. Ilaz}'. Lymi Well Lt.-v. — A Dunlin at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 2. Cloudy. „ 2oth/26th. Hanois Lt. — A Starling and two Sk^'-Larks between 4 and 5 a.m. Wind E.X.E. 3. Dark, hazy. „ 26th/27th. Skerries Lt.— h. few Starlings at 2.30 and 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 3. Snow. n2 18« Jan, 27th. Moon, First Quarter. 27th/28th. Hnnois Lt.—k. flock of Lapwings flying S.E. at 2.30 A.M. Wind E. 4. Cold. Sherriea Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes at 9 p.m. Wind S.E. 4. Cloudy. „ 28th. Outer Doivsing Lt. —A Mallard killed at 10 a.m. Wind W.N.W. 3. Cloudy. „ 29th/30th. Haishoro' Lt. — Two Knots at 11 p.m. Wind N.X.W. 4. Gloomy, cold. Hanois Lt. — Many Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Lap- wings at 5 A.M. Wind E. 4. Dark, hazy. Skerries i/.— Single Sky-Larks at 6 and 6..30 a.m. Wind S.W. 3 to W.N.W. 3. Cloudy. „31st/Feb. 1st. jETft/sfioro' Lt. — A Red-throated Diver killed. Wind N.W. 5. Snow and sleet. Hanois Lt. — A Song-Tlirusli killed. Skerries Lt. — A few Redwings at 11.30 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 3. F.'b. 2nd. Full Moon. „ 4th/oth. Trevose Head Lt. — Two Song-Thrushes and two Red- wings killed. Wind E. 7. Clear. „ 8th/9th. Lynn Well Lt.-v.—A few Redwings and Sky-Larks at 8 P.M. Wind S.S.E. 2. Clear. Withernsea Lt. — Many Dunlins from 11 p.m. to 4 A.M. AVind S.S.E. 4. Rain and fog. 9th. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — Five Sky-Larks at 9.50 a. Jr. Wind S.S.E. 4. Cloudy. S. Goodwin Lt,-r\ — Two Starlings at 11 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 3. Cloudy. Cth/lOth. Lynn Well Lf.-v.—A. few Sky-Larks at 10 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 4. Hazy. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks from 9.15 to 12 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 4. Overcast. ,. lOth. Moon, Last Quarter. 189 Feb. lOth/lltli. Lymi Well Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larka at 9 p.m. and 5.30 A.M., apparently flying S.W. Wind E.S.E, 3 to S.E, 3. Fog, to overcast. Outer DowsiiKj Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Sky-Larks from 9 P.M. to 6 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 3. Fog. Skerries Lt. — A few Blackbirds, Starlings and Sky- Larks between 9.15 and 11.30 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 5. Cloudy, „ llth. Outer Doiosimj Lt.-v. — Four Sky-Larks flying N,W. at 9.15 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 4. Drizzle. S. Goodwin Lt.-v.— Two " Rooks " flying S.S.E. at 11.10 A.M. Wind S. by W. 3. Cloudy. „ llth/12tb. Skerries Lt. — A few Sivy-Larks at 9 p.m. and Black- birds at 3 A.M. Wind E.S.E. 5. Misty. Whitby Lt. — Many Sky-Larks from 12 to 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 3. Fog. „ 12th. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Sky-Larks flying W. from dawn to dusk. Wind E.N.E. 4 lo E. 4. Cloudy, rain. „ 12tb/13tb. Hanois Lt. — Several Song-Tbrushes.from 11 p.m. to 5 A.M. Wind N.W. 5. Overcast, sbowery, Lynn Well Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks at 12 and 4 a.m., apparently flying N.W. Wind S.E. 3. Overcast. Outer Doicsing Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks from 7.10 to 9.30 P.M. Wind S.E. 4 to S.S.E. 3. Overcast, rain to drizzle. Skerries Lt. — A few Sky-Larks at 2 a.m. ; many Starlings, " Thrushes " and Sky-Larks flying N.E. at dawn. Calm, cloudy. „ 13th. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — Five Sky-Larks flying W.X.W. at 9 a.m. Wind S.E. 4. Cloudy. „ 13th/14th. Bardsey Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings and Sky- Larks with a few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Lapwings from 7 p.m. to 5 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 3. Overcast, hazy. Hanois Lt. — Two Song-Thrusiies at 1 a.m. Wind N.W. 2. Overcast. 190 Feb. 13th/14th. SJcerries Lf.—A few Blackbirds at 1 a.m. Wind S.W. 3. {co7it(L). Cloudy, misty. Sjjuni Lf. — ^Nfany Sky-Larks and a few Starlings between 3..'{0 aud 4.40 a.m. Wind 8. 3 to S.S.E. 4. Fog. Warner Lt.-v. — !Many Song-Tlinishes and Sky-Larks from 12 to 4 a.m. Wind N.W. 3, ILizy. „ 14th/li3th. Eddystone Lf. — Tv/o Soug-Thruslies before midnight. Wind S.E. Overcast. Hanuis Lt. — Two Song-Thrushes. Lynn Well Lt.-v. — Many Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks and a few Dunlins at 12 and 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 2 to S.S.W. 2. Overcast, to fog. Outer Dotcsing Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks from 1.10 to 6 a.m. Wind N.W. 2 to W.S.W. 3. Overcast. Sherries Lt. — A few Sky-Larks at 1 a.m. AVind S.AV. 3. Cloudy, misty. „ loth. Flathobn Lt. — Twenty Sky-Larks at 9 a.m. Wind S.E. 4. Fog. „ 16th/16th, Bardsey Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Black- birds, Starlings and Sky-Larks at 7 p.m. Wind S. 3. Overcast. Hanois Lt. — A few Bedwing.?, a Meadow-Pipit and a Sky-Lark between 2.30 and 4 a.m. Wind S. 2. Very dark, hazy to misty rain. Leman and Oiver Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks at 10.30 P.M. Wind S.S.E. 4. Fog. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and Sky-Larks, with a few Song-Thrushes frou) 9 i'.m. to 6 a.m. Wind S. 2 to W. 3. Overcast, to fog. Outer Gfdihard Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and a few Sky- Larks at 1 a.m. Wind S.W. 4. Overca.st, rain. Skerries Lf. — A few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Star- lines and Sky-Larks at 3 a.m. AVind S.S.W. 4. Fog. 191 Feb. 1.5th/10th. Sjmm lJ.~'\\an\ Sliv-Larks and a few Starlings and {contd.). Golden Plovers between 6.10 p.m. and 4.35 a.m., apparently flying S.W. Wind S.S.W. 3 to S.E. 3. Drizzling rain, fog at times. Winterton Lt. — A few Starlings at 4 and 5 a.m. Wind S.W. 2. Overcast, misty. Withernsea Lt. — Large numbers of Redwings, Star- lings and Sky-Larks from 11.30 p.m. to 4.30 a.m. W^ind S.W. to W.S.W. 4, Overcast. „ ]6tb. Leman and Oiver Lt.-v. — Large flocks of Starlicgs and Sky-Larks flying E.S.E. at 3.10 p.m. Wind S. 3. Outer Doiosing Lt.-v. — Several Starlings and Sky-Larka flying round all day ; a Blackbird at 3 p.m. Wind S.S.E. 3. Fog. Spurn Lt. — Flocks of Starlings and Knots flying S.W^, between 9.30 a.m. and 4.50 p.m. Wind S.S.E. 5 to S. 4. Overcast, to rain. „ 16th/17th. Barchey Lt. — Large numbers of Redwings with many Song-Thrushes and Blackbirds and a few Fieldfares, Starlings, Lapwings and Curlews from 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. Wind b.S.W. 5. Overca.st. Carnarvon Bay Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Song - Thrushes and Blackbirds from 4 a.m., flew E.S.E. at dawn. Wind E.N.E. 3. Misty rain. Cromer Lt. — Several Starlings at 4.30 A.M. Wind S. 3. Overcast. Leman and Oiver Lt.-v. — Many Sky-Larks and a few Starlings at 11.10 p.m. Wind S. 3. Misty rain. Lynn If 'ell Lt.-v. — Many Song -Thrushes and Sky- Larks, apparently flying W., at 3 a.m. Wind S.E. 1. Overcast. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks with a few Blackbirds from 9 p.m. to 0 a.m. Wind S. byW. 3. Fog. Outer Gabbard Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks at 3 a.m. Wind S. 3. Cloudy, misty. South Stack Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes and Black- birds at 2 A.M. Wind E. 3, Hazy. 192 Feb. 16tli/17tli. Spurn LL—\ few Song-Thrushes, Kedwings, Stai- (contd.). lings and Sky-Larks, apparently flying S.W., between G.IO P.M. and 4.50 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 5 to S.S.W. .'5. Overcast, to rain. "niiithy Lt- A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 5 a.m. Wind S.W. 3. Cloudy. Winterton Lt. — A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 12 and 12.20 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 2. Overcast, misty. Withernsea Lt. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks from 10 P.M. to 4.50 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 4. Overcast. „ 17th. Outer Dowsing Li.-v. — Ten "Crows" flying S.E. at 9.30 A.M. Wind S. by W. 3. Cloudy. „ 17tli/18th. Bardseij Lt. — Large numbers of Song-Thrushes and IJlackbirds, with a lew Stonechat»', Ifedwings, Field- fares, Meadow - Pipits, Starlings, Sky - Larks and Common Snipes from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 2. Misty rain. Carnarvon Bay Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Song- Thrushes and Blackbirds at 6 a.m., flew to E.S.E. at dawn. Wind N.E. Misty rain, English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. — Several Starlings at 11.30 P.M. and 2.30 a.m. AVind S.E. 2 to E.N.E. 2. Overcast, to clear sky. Flathohn Lt. — A flock of Starlings all night. "Wind S.S.W. 3. Misty. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Slcy-Larks from 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. and a few Starlings from 12 to 3 A.M. AVind S. 2. Overcast, clear to thick mist. Leman and Otter Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Sky-Larks and many Starlings between 9.30 p.m. and 1.20 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 4 to S.W. 4, Overcast, rain to mist. Ljpin Well Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks at 5 a.m. Wind S. 1. Cloudy. Outer Dousing Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks from 9 p.m. to 6 A.M. Wind S. by W. 3 to S.W. 2. Overcast. Outer fiahhard Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks at 2 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 2. Fo-. 193 Feb. lyth/lSth. SA-erries Lt.—h. few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Sky- (contd.). Larks, Lapwings and Golden Plovers at 8 p.m. and 4 A.M. Wind N.N.E. 2 to E. 2, Kain. South Stack Lt. — Large ininibers of Song-Thnishes and Sky- Larks and a few Blackbirds and Starlings at 4 A.M. AViud E.N.E. 4. Misty rain, „ 18lh. New Moon. Flathohn Lt. — A Knot at 8 a.m. and ten Chaffinches at noon. Wind S.S.W. 3 to S. 3. Misty. Lynn Well Lt.-v.—A flock of 200 " Geese " flying W. at 3 p.m. „ 18th/19th. Bardseij Lt.—k few Mistle-Thrushes, Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Blackbirds, Starlings, Golden Plovers and Lapwings from 8 p.m. to 3 a.m. Wind S. 3. Cloudy, rain. Lemau and Owe)' Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky- Larks at 3.10 a.m. Wind S.S.E, 4. Eog. Lynn Well Lt.-v. — A few Blackbirds at 3 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 3. Drizzling. Skerries Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes and Blackbirds at 11 P.M. Wind S.S.E. 1. Rain. Spurn Lt. — A few Skj'-Larks and Blackbirds between 5.10 and 9.30 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 4 to S.W. 2. Drizzle, to mist. „ 19th. Outer Gahbard Lt.-v.— Six "Crows" flying E. at 10 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 6. Overcast. „ 19th/20th. J]ardsey Lt. — Large numbers of Redwings, with a few Mistle - Thrushes, Song - Thrushes, Fieldfares, Blackbirds, Star]ings,Sky-Larks, Lapwings, "Snipes" and Curlews from 7.30 to 12 p.m. Wind W. 4. Cloudy. Lynmouth Foreland Lt. — A Song-Thrush killed. Wind W. 7. Pvain. Skerries Lt. — A few Mistle-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Sky-Larks at 7 p.m. Wind S. 4. South Stack Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Sky-Larks at 1 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 4, Misty 104 Feb. ]ntli'20tl]. Wviterion Lf..— A Blackhh-d at 5 AAi. Wind S.W. 2. (contd.). Cloudy, clear. Withernsea Lt. — Many Redwings, Starlings and Sky- Larks from 9 P.M. to 5 a.m. AVind W. 3. Cloudy. „ 20th. Spurn Lt. — Two flocks of Starlings and one of Knots flying S.S.W. between 9 a.m. and 4.20 p.m. Wind S.W. 5 to 4. Overcast, to rain. „ 20th/2l8t. English and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. — A few Blackbirds at 1 A.M. Wind E.N.E. 2. Ilazy. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and a few Sky-larks from 8 to 12 p.m. W'iud W. 4. Thick mist. Leinan and Otver Lt.-v. — Alany Starlings and Sky- I^arks with a few Song-'J'hrushes and Blackbirds from 10.15 p.m. to 3.5 a.m. Wind S.E. 3 to S.W. 4. Fog, to overcast and rain. Outer Gahhard Lt.-v. — A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 2 A.M., flew E. at dawn. Wind W.S.W. 5. Overcast. Skerries Lt. — A few Blackbirds, Starlings, Sky-Larks and Curlews at 2 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 4. Cloudy. Spurn Lt. — Many Skj'-Larks and a few Song-Thru.shes, Blackbirds, Starlings, Golden Plovers, Lapwings and Knots, apparently flying S.W., from 7.5 p.m. to 2.30 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 3. Overcast, rain to mist. Withernsea Lt. — Many Starlings and a Mistle-Thrush from 10 P.M. to 3 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 4. Cloudy. „ 2l8t/22nd. Leman and Oiver Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky- Larks at 2.40 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 4. Fog. Otiter Gabbard Lt.-v. — Five Sky-Larks at 10 p.m. Wind S.S.E. 3. Misty. „ 22nd. Outer Gabbard Z(!.-c.— Three " Crows " flying W. by N. at 10 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 3. Fog. „ 22nd/23rd. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — A few Starlings and Sky-Larks all night. AVind S.S.W. 4. Overcast, clear. Leman and Oner Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky- Larks at 3.15 A.M. Wind S.W. 3. Overcast, rain. 105 Feb. 22nd/23rd. Outer Gahhard Lt.-v.—A few Starllno'S and Sky-Larks {contd.). at 7 and 12 p.ji. Wind S.S.W. 5, Misty, to over- cast. Spvrn Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Star- lings, Sky-Larks, Dunlins and Knots, apparently flying S.W., from 7.20 p.m. to 3.10 a.m. Wind S.W. 2 to S.S."\\'. 3. Overcast, mist to drizzle. Wiiiterton Lt. — Two Starlings at midnight. Wind S.W\ 3. Cloudy, misty. „ 2.3rd. Cromer Lt. — A large flock of Lapwings flying W. at 3..30 p.Ai. Wind S.W. 5. Overcast. Spurn Lt. — A flock of Starlings at 9.50 a.m. and a flock of Knots at 4.50 p.m., flying S.W. Wind S. 4 to S.S.W. 4. Overcast. ,, 23rd/24th. Enylish and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks at 10.30 p.m. Wind E.N.E. Hazy. Hanois Lt. — A Mistle-Thrush killed. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and Sky-Larks with a few Song-Thrushes from 11 p.m. to 2 A.M. Wind S. 2. Thick misty rain. Outer Gahhard Lt.-v. — A few Song-Thrushes, Star- lings, Sky-Larks and Lapwings from 8 to 12 p.m., flew E. at 6 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 4. Misty rain. St. Catherine's Lt. — Many Song - Thrushes, a few Blackbirds and Starlings and a Mistle - Thrush oetween 12 and 4 a.m. Wind N.N.E. 4. Overcast. Winterton Lt. — A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 4 and 5 a.m. Wind N.W. 1. Cloudy, heavy rain. „ 24th/25th, Leman atid Oiver Z^J.-i'.— Many Starlings and Sky- Larks between 11.10 p.m. and 4.10 a.m. Wind AV.S.W. 3 to S.S.W. 2. Overcast, mist to rain. Outer Gahhard Lt.-v. — A few Song-Thrushes, Star- lings and Sky-Larks, apparently flying E., at 10 p.m. and 3 a.m. Wind S. 3 to S.E. 3. Cloudy, clear. South Foreland Lt. — Numbers of Song - Thrushes, Stonechats and Sky-Larks at 2 a.m.. W'ind E. 2. Fo;-. 10b Feb. 2}th/25tli. Spurn Lt.—A few Song-TlirusLes, Blackbirds, Star- (contd.), lings, Sky - Larks, "Water - Rails and Lapwings, apparently Hying S.W., from 7.20 p.m. to 5.10 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 5 to S. 4, Overcast, misty at times. „ 2oth. Moon, First Quarter. Shipwash Lt.-x\ — Several flocks of Song - Thrushes, Chaffinches, Starlings, " llooks " and Sky - Larks flying N.W. between 9 a.m. and 3.30 p.m. Wind S. L Cloudy, fog. Spurn Lt. — A large flock of Knots flying S.S.W. at 4.30 P.M. Wind W.N.W. 3. Cloudy, misty. „ 25th/26th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — A few Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Sky - Larks from 1 to 6 a.m. Wind W. 2. Fog. Older Gabbard Lt.-i\ — A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 2 A.M., flew W. at 6 a.m. Wind W. Cloudy. Skipicash Lt.-v. — Many Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks between 9.10 p.m. and 4 a.m. Wind S. 1 to S.W. 1. Blue sky, to cloudy and misty. Spurn Lt. — A few Redwings, apparently flying S.W., at 4.45 A.M. Wind W.S.W. Cloudy, „ 26th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Several Curlews flying W.N.W. at 11 A.M. AViud S.W. 3. Blue sky, cloudy. Shiptvash Lt.-v. — Several flocks of Song - Thrushes, Chaffinches, " Red Linnets," Starlings, " Rooks " and Sky-Larks flying W. and N.W. between 7.30 a.m. and 4.30 p.m. Wind S.W. 2 to 5. Cloudy, misty to fog, to blue sky with clouds. „ 27th/28lh. Lnf/lisk and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. — A few Curlews flying S. at 11.30 p.m. A\ iud S.W. 3. Cloudy, clear. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — An " Owl " flying roimd from 10 to 11 P.M. Wind W.S.W. 3. Cloudy, clt-ar. „ 28th. Outer Gabbard Lt.-v.— Three Sky-Larks flying S.S.W. at 9 A.M. Wind S.W. by W. o. Cloudy. „ 28th/29th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v.— A few Starlings and Sky-Larks from 9 P.M. to 3 a.m. Wind S. 4. Cloudy, clear. 107 Feb. 29th. Kentish Knock Z^-?).— Several Curlews flying W.N. W. at 10 A.M. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast, clear. Nab Lt.-v. — A few Keclbreasts, Starlino-a and Sky - Larts about the sliip from 'i to 4 i'.m., flew to W.N.W. Wind S.W. 3. Cloudy and misty. Shipivash Lt.-v. — Several flocks of Chaflinches, " Grey Linnets," Starlings, " Rooks " and Sky-Larka flying W. and N.W, between 11 a.m. and 3.20 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Overcast. Jlar. l8t/2nd. Cromer Lt. — Several Starlings and Sky-Larks from 1 to 3 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 6. Overcast. Leinan and Ower Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky- Larks at 10.20 P.M. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast, misty. ,, 2nti/3rd. Lemannml Oirer Lt.-v. — "Many Starlings and Sky-Larks at 9.45 P.M. Wind W.S.W. 3. Overcast, rain. „ Srd. Full Moon. „ 3rd/4th. Crnmier Lt. — Two Starlings at midnight. Wind W.S.W. 4. Cloudy. Lenutn and Ower LA. -v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks between 10.40 p.m. and 3.10 a.m. Wind W. 4 to S. 3. Overcast and mii-ty, to cloudy and misty. „ 5th/Gth. Cromer Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings, " Plovers " and Lapwings at 3 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 4, Over- cast, passing showers. „ 7th. Spurn Lt. — A very large flock of Curlews flj^ing S.W. at 2.30 P.M. Wind W.N.W. 7. Cloudy. „ 7th/8th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks at 8.50 P.M. Wind S.S.W^' 3. Misty. „ 8th. Kentish Knock LA. -v. — A few CL aflinches and Sky-Larks flying W. between 10.30 and 11 a.m. Wind S. 5. Overcast, clear. Outer Gabbard Lt.-v. — Four Sky-Larks flying S. at 10 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 4. Cloudy. Spurn Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings flying S.AV. between 11 a.m. and 3.30 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 5 to S.W. 4. Overcast, to cloudy. 1!).S ]^rarch 8tli/9tl]. Lrwan andOwer Lt.-v. — Mrmy Starlinirsand Sliy-Larka at 9.10 p.sr. Wind W.N.W. Overcast, rain. „ 9lh. Kentish Knoch Lt.-v. — Several Skv-Larks flying W. at 11.15 A.M. Wind S. 5. Blue sky with clouds. Outer Gahhard i/.-?-.— Three Sky-Larks fiving- S.S.AV. at 11 A.M. Wind S.S.W. 4. Cloudy. Shijnccish Z/.-r.— 3Iany Starlings and Sky-Lavks flying W. '.between 11 and 11.4.1 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Blue sky with clouds. Sp}ini Lt. — Five Starlings at 10. ■'^0 a.m. and a verv large flock of Curlews at 3.20 p.m. flying S.W. Wind W. 4 to W.N.W. h. Cloudy, misty. „ 9tli/10th. Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Starlings all night. Wind S. 5 to S.E. 2. Clear. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — A few Sky-l^arlcs from 3 to 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 2. Overcast, rain, clear. St. Catherines Lt. — Many Song-Thrushes and Star- lings, a Goldcre.«it, a Pied Wagtail and a Lapwing between 12 and 4 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 2. Rain. „ lOtli. Moon, Last Quarter. Sjmrn X^— Three Starlings flying S.W. at 9.50 A.M. Wind W.S.W. 3. Cloudy, misty. „ lOth/T 1 til. Leman ami Oicer Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks at 11.10 P.M. Wind W. 4. Overcast, drizzling rain. Skerries Lt. — A few Skj'-Larks at 11.30 p.m. Wind E. 1. Cloudy. Sotifh Bishop Lt. — Many Starlings and a few Black- birds from 1 to 3.30 A.>r. Wind N.E. 1 to 2. Clear, rain. Whitby Lt. — Many Sky-Larks from 12 to 4 a.m. AViud W.S.W. i. Cloudy. J, 1 1 th. Shipivash Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks and a few " Wagtails" and " Rooks" flying W. and N.W. between 10.40 a.m. and 2 p.m. >\"iud N. 2 to N. by 'W. 2. Cloudy, foggy. 199 ]\Iar. 11th/] 2tli. Clncheu Hod- Lt.—\ few Blackbird?, Si arlinprs, Rky- Lailis and Curlews at 4 a.m. "Wind S.W. 1. Fog. Kentish Knock Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings with a few Chaffinches and Sky-Larks all night. "WindN. 1. Thick mist. Oxter Gahhard Lt.-v. — A few Chaffinches, Starlings and Sky-Larks from 12 to 4 a.m. Wind N. by E. 2. Misty. Shipwnsh Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks at 9.10 and 11 P.M. Wiud'N.N.W. 1 to 2. Overcast. Sherries Lt.—A Blackbird at 9 p.m. Wind S.W. 1. Fog. Sjyiirn Lt. — A few Redwings, Skj^-Larlis and Lapwings between 1.10 and .3..30 a.m. Wind S.W. 4 to S. 2. Fog. „ 12th. J^entish Luwck Lf.-v. — Several Chaffinches and Star- lings, a " Wagtail " and a Greenfinch about the ship all day. Wind W. 1. Thick mist. Kab Lt.-v.— Two Chaffinches flying S.E. at 10.15 a.m., and ten Starlings to the N.W. at 2 p.m. ^\"ind W.S.W. 1. Overcast, patchy fog. Spurn Lt. — Flocks of Lapwings and Knots flying S.W. at 4.20 and 5.80 p.m. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast, mist)'. „ 12th/13th. Hanois Lt. — A few Starlings and Lapwings, a Pied Wagtail and a Sky-Lark between 9.30 p.m. and 2 A.M. Wind W. 2 to S.W. 4. Clear, to rain. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and Sky-Larks all night. Wind W.S.W. 2. Thick mist. Outer Dotvsing Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Redwings^ Blackbirds, Starlings, Sky-Larks and Knots from 7 P.M. to 6 A.M. Wind S.W. 3 to 4. Fog to overcast, misty rain. Skerries Lt. — A Blackbird at 3 and a Dunlin at 3.30 a.m. AVindS.W. 5. Fog. 200 Mar. 12(l)/13th, Spurn Lt. — A few Redwings, Goldcrests, Starlings (contd.). and Lapwings, apparently flying S. W., between 6.10 P.M. and S.oO a.m. WindS.W. 5 to W.S. W. 4. Overcast, mist or rain at times. „ 13tli. Nab Lt.-v. — Four Pied Wagtails arrived very e.t- hausted at 6 p.m. Wind W.S.W. 0. Overca.st, fog. Spxryi Lt. — A flock of Knots flying S.W. at 4.20 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Overcast, misty. „ 13tli/]4tli. Chicken Rock Lt. — A few Starlings at 11 P.M. Wind S.S.W. 3. Fog. Kentish Knock I/.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and Sky-Larks with a few Chaffinches all night. Wind S.W. 2. Tliickmist. Otif.er Doivsing Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Lapwings, " Plovers," Curlews and a few Song-Thrushes from 12 to 6 A.M. Wind W.S.W. 3. Fog. Outer Gahhard Lt.-v. — A few Chaffinches and Starlings from 12 to 4 a.m. Wind S.W. 3. Overc:vst. St. Tudical Lt.—^l&nj Starlings. Wind S.W. 3. Fog and drizzle. Spurn Lt.- -X few Starlings, Sky-Larks, Ijapwings and Dunlins, apparently flying S.W., from 9.10 p.m. to 3 A.M. AVind S.W. 3 to W.N. W. 3. Overcast, passing rain. Winterto)i Lt. — A few Starlings from 1.30 to 2.50 A.M. Wind S.W. 1. Blue sky, to fog. „ 14th. Bardseij Lt. — Large flocks of Starlings on the island. Wifhernsea Lt. — A flock of Fieldfares flying X.W. at 3.30 P.M. Wind S.W. 3. Cloudy. „ 14th/loth, Bardsey Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings, with a few Song-Thruslies, Redwings, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks, " Duiks," Water-Riiils, Lapwings, Woodcocks, Jack Snipes, Dunlins and Curlews from 8 to 12 p.m. Wind S.W. 3. Overcast. Chicken Rock Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings with a few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Blackbirds, Starlings, Sky-Larks and Woodcocks from midnight to dawn. Wind W. 3. Overcast. 201 Miir. 14tli/l.')tli. Kentish Knock Lt.-v.—X few Song-Thnislie.«, BLick- {contiL). birds, Starlings and Sky-Larks all uv^\\t. Wind S.W. 3. Cloudy, clear. Outer Gahhard Lt.-v. — A few Starlings from 3 to 4 A.M. Wind S.W. 3. Overcast. Skerries Lt. — Many Sonfr-Thruslies, Blackbirds and Starlings with a few Sky-Larks from 1 2 to 4 a.m. Wind S.W. 4 to W.S.W. 3. Clear, passing showers. South Bishop Lt. — Many Starlings from 9.30 p.m. to 4 A.M., and a few Blackbirds at 12.30 a.m., apparently ilyinjr E. Wind W. 3 to W.N.W. 3. Clear to overcast and clear. South Stack Lt. — Many Starlings and a few Song- Thrushes, Redwings and Blackbirds from 12 to 4 a.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Overcast, light showers. Spurn Lt. — Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings, Sky- Larks, Lapwings and Knots passing continuously, apparently to the S.W., from 12 to 1 a.m. Wind N.W. 4. Overcast, rain. Withernsea Lt.- — Many Starlings from 11.30 p.m. to 5 A.M. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast, rain. „ 15th. Nab lA.-v. — Two Pied Wagtails arrived verj' exhausted at 11.15 A.M. Wind W. by S. 2. Misty rain. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — Four Chaffinclies on board from 9 A.M. to 4 P.M. Wind S.S.W. 3. Cloudy. Outer Gubbard Lt.-v. — Two Sky-Larks flying W; at 10 A.M. Wind S.W. 4. Cloudy. ,, lutli/lGth. Cromer Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings, "Plovers" and Lapwings from 1 to 3 a.m. Wind N.W. 4. Squally. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and a few Skj'-Larks from 8 to 11 p.jr. Wind N.W. 4 to 5. Overcast, rain. Outer Gahbard Lt.-v. — A few Starlings from 2 to 4 a.m. Wind S.AV. 5. Chtudy. Spurn Lt. — A few Starling.*, Water-Rails and Knots, apparently flying S.W., between 1.10 and 2.50 a.m. Wind AV.S.W. to S. Overcast, passing rain. 0 202 Mm-. loth/IGth. Winiertvn Lt.—\ few Starlinp-s from 12 to 4 a.m. {contd.). ^\'i^d W.S.W. 3 to W.N.W. 3. Cloudy, misty. „ 17th/18th. Outer Doiosing Lt.-v. — A Song-Thrush at 1 a.m., several Starlings and Slvv-Larks all night. Wind S.S.E, 4. Overcast, rain. Spurn Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, Gold- crests, Starlings and Ljipwings, apparently flying S.W., between 10.50 and 11.55 p.m. ; a Starling at 5 A.M. Wind S.S.E. 5 to S. 4. Cloudy, misty. „ 18th. New Moon. „ 18th/19th. C7//(A-e?i i2oc7c iC— A Starling at 3 A.M.. Wind AV. L>. Clear. Cromer Lt. — Large numbers of Starlings, " Plovers " and Lapwings at miduight. Wind X.W. 4. Over- cast. Outer Dou'sitiff Lt.-v. — A few Snow-Buntings, Stnrling.<<, Lapwings and Curlews all night. Wind X.W. 5 to 3. Overcast. „ 19th/20th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings between 9 and 9.80 p.m. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast. Outer Dowsing Lt.-v. — A few Blackbirds, I\ock-Pi])its and Starlings betAveeu 2.10 Jind 4.4t) a.m. Wind S.W. 4. Overcast. „ 20th. GircUer Lt.-v.— Two Sky-Larks flying W.S.W. be- tween 10 and 11 a.m. Wind W.S.W. 4 to 5. Cloudy. „ 20th/2]st. C/uc7c<'« i^ofA; i^— Seven Starlings at 5 A.M.. Wind S.E. 5. Rain. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — A few Redwings and Starlings at 1 1 P.M. Wind S.S.W. 5 to 6. Overcast, rain. „ 2l8t/22nd. Bnr(lrd, at Littlehampton (Sussex) on the 24th, and at Langstoue Harbour (Hants) on the 20th and 27th, while towards the end of the month several birds of both races were obtained at Ilanois Light. }iy the end of September the main body of migrants seems to have passed on, but there was an arrival of the big race at St. Kilda on the 4th of October ; small movements were noticed at a good many stations in Scotland till the 23rd, and stragglers were passing the east and south coasts of England throughout the month. Single birds of the large race were taken at Gorton Light-vessel (Suffolk) and on the south coast of Yorkshire on the 11th, and at Lytham (Lancashire) on the 23id. During November a few stragglers were noticed at the Butt of Lewis on the 6th, at Fair Isle and on the coast of Northumberland in the middle of the month, while single birds of the larger race were taken at Barra (Outer Hebrides) on the 17th and 18th. THE STONECHAT {rratincola rubicda). Aug. 11th. Boshani (Sussex), about 100 arrived and passed on during the day. Sept. 12th, Stocksfield (Northumberland), a pair passing. „ 27th. S.E. Sussex coast, one passing. „ 28th & 30th. Tunbridge Wells (Kent), single migrants passing. „ 30th. S. Devon coast, first autumn arrival seen. Oct. 1st, Tunbridge Wells, last of summer-residents left. „ 4th. Isle of -May (Fife), one passing. „ 7th. Tunbridge Wells, one passing. ,, 14th, liUdlow (Shropshire), one passing, „ 15th/16th. Owers Lt.-v. (Sussex), several. Nov, 24th, Tiree (Argyll), one passing. 221 THE WHIXCIIAT {Pratincola ruhetra). July loth. Kirkliston (Linlithgow), passing from July L;tli to September 21st. Aug. oth. York, plentiful during summer, by this date all home- bred birds had left. „ 11th. Largo (Fife), a few passing. ,, 18th. Tunbridge Wells (Kent), a few seen. ,, 19tli. Oxted (Surrey), a pair. „ 20th 21st. S. Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), a few. „ 22nd. St. Margaret's Bay (Kent), a few seen. „ 23rd. Tunbridge Wells, some seen. „ 24:th. Dowles (Shropshire), mai'ked increase. „ 28th. St. Margaret's Bay, a few passing. ,, 31st. Stocksfield (Northumberland), nearly all gone ; St. JNIargaret's Bay, a few seen. Sept. lst-14th. Pontefract (Yorkshire), a few seen daily. „ 4lh. Liirgo, several. ,, 7tb. Oswestry (Shropshire), all home-bred birds gone. „ 28th. Ilayliug Island (Hants), a few arrived. Oct. 14th. Sunniugdale (Berks), a few. Single birds were recorded from Luce Bay (Wigton) on the 23rd of August, Tunbridge Wells August 31st, Dowles September loth, Ponte- fract 18th, the Isle of May 10th and 23rd, Fair Isle 28th and October 3rd, and the south coast of Yorkshire October 6th. THE REDSTART (Ruticilla phocnicurus). The earliest record came from Largo (Fife), where two males were observed on the 7th of July. No further returns were received till the end of the month, when a few birds on passage were seen in Cromarty, Berkshire and SuiTey. With the first week in August an irregular movement began through- out the country which lasted till the middle of October, but wiih two exceptions the records were of single birds or of insignificant numbers. Home-bred birds seem to have been on the move in Cumberland bj' the end of July, and to have disappeared by the middle of August, while observations from the Midlands and Scotland, Lowestoft (Sufiblk) and the inland parts of Kent appear to prove that the species was moving south in small numbers during August, while a passage on a larger scale was reported from St. Catherine's Light (Hants) on 22nd/23rd, and several birds were observed at Bournemouth on the 31st. A movement of similar character continued during September. During this month notices of single birds or small parties were received from Yorkshire, Liucolusliird, Wiltshire and many of the soutliern counties ; in Cardigan most of the local birds left by the 25th : some stragglers were noticed at Strathblane (Stirling) on the 25th and at Penrith (Cumberland) on the 10th and 2!H;h ; a few birds were passing the Isle of 3Iay (Fife) on the 23rd and 24th and Lowestoft during the la.^t week in September, but the only movement of any magnitude was recorded at Ilanois Light (Guernsey) on the 28th/29th. In the first week of October a iew Redstarts were reported from the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), the coasts of S, Yorkshire, N.E. Lincolnshire and Norfolk, a single bird was seen passing Lowestoft on the 16th, while a belated straggler was noticed at Longton (Staffordshire) on the 2nd of November. THE BLACK REDSTART (Ruticilla tifi/s). Oct. 8th. Aldeburgh (Sufiblk), one seen. „ 10th, Thanet (E. Kent), two seen. „ 15th. Thanet, one seen. „ 19th. Nr. HoUesley (SuRblk), adult male seen. „ 20th to I Plymouth (Devon), single birds seen on several days, Nov. 21st. ( probably three or four different individuals. ,, 23rd. Great Orme's Head (Carnarvon), female setm. Dec. 27th. Weymouth (Dorset), female seen. THE REDBREAST {Erithacus rubecula). The records of this species, consisting to a great extent of single birds or small numbers, are too scanty to throw much light on its movements. The first migrant was seen on the Pentland Skerries on the 14th of J uly. After tliat date there are no records till the 29th of August, when a single bird was noticed on the Bass Rock. During September Redbreasts were on the move in small numbers on the 8th, 12th and 14th, when a few were seen and one killed (British race) on the Isle of May (Fife), several Continental birds were procured at Tarbatness Light (E. Ross) on the ICth, and single birds were recorded from Bardsi-y Light (Carnarvon) on the 17tli/]8th and from St. Catherine's Liglit (Hants) on the 22ud;23rd. From the oth to the loth of October thei'e was a passage along tlie coast of 8. Yorkshire and N.E. Lincolnshire, the numbers being greatest on the 9th, while from the loth to the 21st Redbrea.sts were passing daily at Tiree (Argyll). On the 17th single birds were observed at the Pentland Skerries and Fair Isle (Continental race), on the 18th at the Bass Rock and St. Abb's Light (Berwick), on the 20th and 21st at the Isle of May, on the 19th/20th at IIan;)is Lijiht (Guernsey) and on tlie 23rd at Sulo Skerry. A few birds 22:) of tlie Continental race were priiciired at Yarmouth on the 19th and at Lowestoft on the IGth, 2r;th and L'Tth. There seems to have been an influx of migrants at Bosham (Suss-ex) on the 11th and 2Ist of November, but by the end of the month they had all disappeared. A few stragglers were noticed at the Bass Rock on the 15th, and a single bird was killed at Hanois Light on the 2Gth/27th. » THE WIIITETPIROAT (Si/Ivki cinerea). The earliest recorded movement was in Cumberland, where a correspondent observed Whitetlu-oats flocking with Willow-Warblers on the 1st of August, and this was followed by a marked decrease in the numbers of the present species on the 11th. A flock of about fifty individuals (in company with Tree-Pipits and Spotted Flycatchers) was reported in Warwickshire on the 13th, there were passing birds in Suffolk on the 18th and 19th, and in Sussex (in company with Willow- AVarblers) on the 24th. The light-records for August were as follows :—Bard&ey Light (Car- narvon), about forty on the 20th/21st, Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Suffolk), ten on the 21st/22nd, Hanois Light (Guernsey), six on the 22iid/23rd and three on the 25th/2Gth, St. Catherine's Light (Hants), many on the 22nd/23rd. The inland records for September were very meagre ; a passing bird was noted in Yorkshire on the 3rd, several on the N.E. Lincolnshire coast on the 7th and a small number arrived in Somerset on the 13th, while a large emigratory movement was noticed in S.E. Sussex on the 22nd. The lighthouse reports for the month were : — Nab Light-vessel (Hants), one killed at 7.30 a.m. on the 6th, St. Catherine's Light, ten on the l-4th/loth and one killed on the 22nd/23rd, while a single bird was taken at the Isle of May Light (Fife) on the 2oth. In October several were seen at Dungeness Light (Kent) on the 2nd/3rd, and two at Inchkeith Light (Forth) at 3 a.m. on the 13th. Whitethroats were last seen in East Ross on the 13th of September, in Kent on the 15th, in Warwickshire on the 17th, in Northumberland, Yorkshire and Hampshire on the 20th, in East Lothian on the 21st and in Suffolk on the 23rd. THE BLACKCAP {Sylvia atricapilla). Sept. 16th. Stafford and Kent, last seen. „ 20th. Devon and Gloucester, last seen. „ 22nd. Cumbei4and, last seen. „ li6th. Suffolk, last seen. 224 Oct. 7th to 2Gtli. Fair Isle (Shetland), one or two observed on various dates. „ 9th. Yorkshire, last seen. „ 10th. St. Kilda, a male seen. „ loth. Bass liock Lt. (Forth), one. „ 16th/17th. Hanois Lt. (Guernsey), two. „ 17lh/18th. South Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), one. „ 21st. Mull of Galloway Lt. (Wigtown), female killed. „ 22nd. Sussex, one seen. ]S\n-. loth. Isle of May Lt. (Fife), a pair. THE GARDEN-WARBLER (Sylvia /lurlcnsis). Aug. 9th. Suffolk coast, one passing. „ 20th/21st. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon) , many. „ 21st/22nd. St. Catherin(i's Lt. (Hants), one. „ 22nd/23rd. St. Catherine's Lt., many. ,, 25th & 29th. Fair Isle (Shetland), one seen each day. Sept. 8th. Sussex, small parly passing. „ 12th. N. Cotes (Lincoln), one passing. „ 14th, Kent, last seen. Oct. 2nd. Hants, one seen. „ 3rd. Essex, one seen. ,, 7th. Cornwall, one seen. ,, 10th. Yorkshire (south coast), one seen. ,, 14th. Pentlaud Skerries Lt. (Orkney), one. ,, loth/16th. St. Catherine's Lt., one, THE GOLDEN-CRESTED WREN {lieijulus cristatus). 'J'he migrations of this species were of considerable magnitude but were on a far larger scale on the east tlian on the west coast, being noticed almost daily during tlie month of October at many places between the Shetlands and Kent. On the 29th of August a .«ingle bird of this species came to the Montroseness Light (Forfar). On the east coast early in September there was a small migratory movement. A few came on board the Kenti.sh-Knock Light-vessel (Esstix) on the 4th and a single bird was seen there on the 10th, while from the loth to the end of the month small numbers kept arriving at the Isle of May (Fife), all (with one exception on the 29th) being of the British race. During the middle of the month there was evidence of a similar movement on the west coast, a few records being received from Little Ross Light (Kirkcudbright) and Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man). On the 20tli and 22nd Goldcrests appeared in large numbers on tlie S.E. coast of Suffolk, but no further 225 records came to luuul till the be^innini;' of October, during the whole of which month there was a .steady movement varied by decided influxes. Tliis movement began ou the 6th of October w)ien migrants were noticed on the coast of S. Yorkshire and N.E. Lincolnshire, at Winterton Light (Norfolk) and at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel. Several distinct movements were taking place simultaneously and the migration probably reached its height between the 15th and 23rd. Ou the 15th, 16th and 17th large numbers were seen on the coast of Suftblk and Norfolk, while on the Isle of May there was a big movement which lasted from the 18th to the 21st, all the birds killed belonging to the Continental race. On the 18th and 19th Goldcrests continued to arrive on the coast of Sufiolk, and at tlie same time a big influ.x; was reported from Thanet (Kent) which lasted till the 23rd, birds of both races being obtained, while tliere was a passage of large numbers at North Unst (Shetland) and at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 19th and 20th. After the 23rd no movement of importance on the east coast was reported, but a iew stragglers continued to arrive in Shetland, Orkney, Fair Isle and on the coast of Fife, till the end of the month. On the west coast there were signs of a similar movement, but on a much smaller scale. From time to time during October small arrivals •were noted at the Little Koss Light, the Isle of Man and some Welsh lights, but there was a large movement at the Little Ross Light on the 10th, when all the birds taken were of the British race. On the south coast the only records received were those of a single bird at Ilauois Light (Guernsey) on the 29th/30th of September, of a few at the Nab Light-vessel (Hants) ou the 16th of October and of one Continental bird at Hanois Light on the 17th/18th of October. At the beginning of November migration practically ceased, but a few stragglers were noticed at Stornoway on the 1st, at Lerwick on the 13th and at Little Ross Light on the 21st, while a solitary bii-d wms taken on a boat about forty miles E.S.E. of Lowestoft on the 3rd of December. THE CHIFFCHAFF {Phijlloscopus i-vfus). In August a great increase in the numbers of this species was noted in Kent on the 26th. In September passing birds were reported from Berkshire on the 24th, and an observer in Cardigan recorded the departure of the main body of the Chiffchaffs from his neighbourhood between the 15th and 25th. A few were seen at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 28th 29th and single hirds were also killed at that light on the 30th/lst October and the 16th/17th of October . One was shot on the N.E. Lincolnshire coast on the 10th of October. Chiffchaffs were last seen in Yorkshire on the 10th of September, in Gloucester on the 19th, in Devon and Dorset on the 20th, in Shropshire 220 on the 28rd, in Essex and Surrey on the 30tli, in Bedford on the 2nd oF October, in Somerset and Ilarapsbire on the Bth, in Cornwall on the 7th and in Kent on the .31st. An example of the Scandinavan Chiffchatf (P/f. r. uliethvis) was shot on St. Kilda on the 11th of October and a second occurred on Fair Isle on the 24th. THE WILLOW- WAIIBLER {Phylloscopus trochilus). The first movement of AVillow- Warblers to be recorded was on tlie 1st of August, when an observer in Cumberland noticed them gatliering into flocks with Whitethroats. The main body of the local summer-residents had left that district by the 10th. Between the 2nd and the 6th large numbers were noticed on passage in Dorset and some numbers in Wiltshire also on the 0th ; similar movements were recorded from Devon from the 8th to the loth, in Yorlisliire on the 9tb, in Lancashire on the 10th and in Lancashire and Wiltshire again on tlie 20tli. A gradual decrease in numbers was noticed in Warwick between the 13th and 20th and a considerable decrease in Dorset on the 20th. Large numbers occuri'ed at Hanois Light (Guernsey) and St. Catherine's Light (Hants) on the 22ud/23i"d, and a small Hock of migrating AVillow- Warblers and Whitethroats was seen in Sussex on the 24th. On the west coast this species was observed passing continuously on the Lancashire coast from the Gth to the 21st and considerable numbers occurred at the lanterns of the Carnarvon, Pembroke and Bristol Channel Lights between the 19th and 23rd. Small numbers of passage- mi grants occurred at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 7th, the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the Otli and at the Bell Rock Liglit (Tay) on the 10th, and at all these stations together with tlie Isle of May (Fife) during the latter lialf of the month. In September single passage-migrants were seen on the N.E. Lincolnshire coast on the 7th and 23rd, a decrease in Shropshire was noted during the early part of the month and the main body of the local residents left Cardigan between the loth and 2oth. A large emigratory movement was noticed on the coast of East Sussex on the 22nd. The only light-record for tlie month was one of several birds at the Nab Light-vessel (Hants) at 6 a.m. on the Gth. In the course of the same day an observer on a steamer in the Bay of Biscay recorded the arrival of a Willow- Warbler on board, when the vessel was about 80 miles from the mouth of the Gironde. The bird loft sliortly after living due east. In October a few stragglers were observed in Cumberland on the 2ud, on Fair Isle on tlie 3rd and 4th, in Northumberland on the 5th, on St, Kilda on the Gth and in I'lssex on the 22nd, while a single bird was taken at the lantern of the Inchkeith Light (Forth) on the 12th. AVillow-Warblcrs were last seen in Gloucester on the 5th of 227 September, in Cumberland and Kent on the lOtb, in Yorkshire on the IGth, in Dorset and Wiltsliire on the '2'2nd, in Shropshire and Suffolk on the :^3rd, in "Wigtown on the 24th, in Devon on the 26th, in Surrey on the 30th, in Staffordshire on the 31st, and in Linlithgow on the 1st of October. An example of the Northern "Willow-Warbler {Ph. t. cversmanni) was obtained on the Isle of May on the Gth of October. THE SEDGE- WARBLER {Acrocephaliis i)hrafjniUis). July 30th. Peutland Skerries, one. August 1st. Little Ross Lt. (Kirkcudbright), one. ,, 2nd. Wigtown, one seen. „ 20th/21st. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), many. „ 21st/22nd. St. Catherine's Lt. (Hants), one. „ 22nd/23rd. St. Catherine's Lt., man}^ ; Hanois Lt. (Guernsey), twelve. „ 30th/31st. Bishop Rock Lt. (Scilly Isles), "hundreds," many killed and fell overboard, survivors left to S. at dawn. Sept. 8th. Hants, one seen. „ 11th. Devon, one seen. „ 12th. Isle of May (Fife), one seen. Kent, one seen. „ 16th. Little Ross Lt., one. „ 29th/30th. Isle of May Lt., one at 8.30 p.m. Oct. 6th/7th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), few. THE ;t. 1st. 3> 2ud. >J 3rd. » 6th. » Gth & 10th. ») Gth to 16th. )) 10th. » 12th. 7) 12th/13th. » 14th. J) loth/lGth. >J 17th/18th. J> 19th. If 21st. lec. 10th. COMMON WREN {Troglodytes 2Mrvulas). Isle of May (Fife), an arrival. N. Unst Lt. (Shetland) and Little Ross Lt. (Kirlicud- bright), arrivals. Fair Isle (Shetland), an arrival. Girdler Lt.-v. (Kent), one on board at 8 a.m. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, numerous on sea-banks. Spurn Head (Yorkshire), a few on passage daily. N.E. Suffolk coast, increase. Pentland Skerries Lt. (Orkney) and Skcrryvore Lt. (Hebrides), a few. Kentish Knock Lt,-v., a few. Pentland Skerries Lt., a few. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., a few. Dungeuess Lt. (Kent), one killed. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., several on deck. Bass Rock Lt. (Forth), several ; Mull of Galloway Lt. (Wigtown), one. Sule Skerry Lt. (Orkney), one. 228 THE WHITE WAGTAIL (MotaciUa alba). A\ liite AVafT-tails were observed at Girdleness (Aberdeen) and on the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 23rd and 29th of Jnly. The first mijjrants arrived on Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 12th and 13tli of Augnst, and on the l4th a large migratory movement was in progress on that island, at the Pentland Skerries and on Tiree (Argyll). The species was plentiful on Fair Isle during the next two days, it was passing south in Mull on the I6th and 17th, and further immigrants arrived on Fair Isle on the 31st. Single birds were seen at IJalgray (Clyde) on the 10th and on the south coasts of Cornwall and Sussex on the 26th and 29th. In September White Wagtails were numerous at Lochmaddy (North Uist) on the 1st and on St. Kilda between the 2nd and 11th, while passing birds were pretty frequently seen on the latter island between the 11th of September and the 3rd of October, the numbers being large on the 19th and 21st. The first migrants appeared at the Isle of May (Fife) on the 9th and 10th and quite small numbers were passing there between the latter date and the 29th, and on Fair Isle and the Pentland Skerries from the 19tli to the 21st. About a dozen were seen on the Manx coast on the 14th and 27th, several at Tarbatness (E. Ross) on the 18th and two on the 2oth, and quite small numbers on Fair Isle between the 21.st and 26th. Single birds or pairs were seen in Ayr.shire on the l.st, at Portmaliomack (E. Poss) on the 16th, in Gloucester r.n the 23rd, in Cheshire on the 28th and in Wigtown on the 30th. On the 1st of October twenty or more were seen in Cheshire and one at Palgray, while single stragglers occurred on Fair Isle on the 16th and j7th of November. THE PIED WAGTAIL (MotaciUa Iiu/Khris). ^ligratory movements commenced early in July. I'assiiig flocks were observed in Gloucester from the 8th to the 16th, and in Cumberland during the last ten days of the month. In August numbers were reported going south-east in Sussex on the 11th, and smaller numbers in Surrey on the 12tli and on the Suflblk coast ou the i9th, 22nd and 27th. Large flocks passed througli Lan- cashire on the 4th, 19th and 23rd, while an observer in Cumberland reported a steady stream of migrants throughout the month. An arrival was noted on Sule Skerry (Orkney) on the 19th. During September migration was very brisk. Many small parties were reported from Cumberland between the Ist and 10th ; in Kent a large floclc going soutli was observed on the 3rd and in Surrey one of about fifty individuals on the lOtii. On the same day arrivals took place at the liutt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), and migrants were passing through the Pentland Skerries from the 11th until the 13th of the loUowiug month. On the Suffolk coast small parties were recorded as passing on the 12th and 13th and from the l->th to the 20th and in 229 Sussex from the IStli lo I'Slli, travelliiip; in directions vaning- from soutli- soutli-east to south-west. A gradual decrease was reported from Cumberlaud between the ]5th and lOlh, a decrease was noticed in Staffordshire on the KHh, and a single bird occurred at Chicken liock Light (Isle of Man) on the 16th/17th. Migrants arrived at Noup Head (Orkney) on the 20tli and they were passing in numbers in Sutherland on the 26th. On tlie 27th a flock of about twenty was recorded in North umbei'land and small parties on the Hampshire coast on the same date. Many small flocks on passage were noted in Cheshire on the 28th, and one or two small parties in Cumberland on that and the following day. In Leicester a large movement to the south took place during the last week of the month. In October stragglers were passing through Staffordshire from the 3rd to the 2oth, a great increase was reported in Cumberland on the 4th followed by a great decrease on the subsequent day, the last bird being seen on the 8th. On the same day a few were passing on the S. Yorkshire coast and between the 14th and 18th numbers passed through Oxford- shire, while a gradual increase was recorded in Sussex between the 14tli and 22nd. Single birds were taken at Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) on the 15th/16th, at St. Catherine's Light (Hants) on the 17tli/18th and at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on the 18th/19th, while small numbers occurred at Hanois Light on the 16th/i7th and 17th/18th. Pied Wagtails were last seen in Wigtown on the 17th. A few were coasting south in Suffolk on the 18th, an increase was observed in Lancashire on the 21st, and on the same day a good many were noted on passage in Hertfordsliire. Small numbers left the Sussex coast to the S.W^ on the 23rd, and a few were flying south on the coast of Northumberland on the 26th, 27th and 30th. In November the increased numbers noted in Sussex between the 14th and 22nd of the previous month had passed on by the 11th ; small parties of migrants, however, were passing on the coast of the same county on the 8th and 10th, from the 12th to the 10th and on the 24th. On the 9th of December a slight increase in numbers took place in Sussex, and westerly and south-westerly movements were noticed. On the 31st a passing flock of twenty was observed in East Ross. THE GREY WAGTAIL {MotaciUa jnelanope). Some migratory movements on the part of this species were noted in Cumberland during the last week in July. In August an observer in the above county reported small parties on the move throughout the month. There were also records of the occur- rence of this species in Bedfordshire on the 6th and 30th and on the Flannan Isles on the 12th and 17th, and frequent notices of its appear- ance at Stornoway (Lewis) between the 21st and the 4th of September. 230 Gi'ey Wap^tails were fir^t observed at Largo (Fife) on the otli of September, arrivals touk place on the Flannans and at Tarbatness (E. Ross) on the 7th and 8th and in Wigtown on the 30th, while passing birds were noted in Lancashire on the 9th, 13th and 21st, in Worcester on the 19th and in Leicester on the 30th. On the 2.jth a Grey Wagtail was observed at sea off Uahant making for the mainland. In October the records were mostly those of stragglers. Single birds were passing in the Isle of Man on tlie 1st, in Cheshire on the 1st and 8th and in Essex on the 3rd, an increase took place in Kent on the 6th, and single birds were reported from SufFolIi on the 9th, AVarwickshire on tlie 1 1th, Hertfordshire on the 21st and Northumberland on the 27th. Arrivals took place in Norfolk on the 20th, and many were recorded ou the south coast of Cornwall on the 28th. On tlie 3rd of the month a single example was seen at sea about twenty miles north of Santander (N. Spain). Two birds were observed at Cardross (Clyde) on the 4th and rn the Northumberland coast on the 11th of November. THE YELLOW WAGTAIL {MotacUla raii). The emigration of this s])ecies commenced early in August. Large numbers were passing in Lancashire between the 4th and 11th, a good many in Suffolk on the Gth, and many at Balgray (Clyde) between the Gtli and 13th. Large numbei's were recorded on the coast of Suffolk and a small party in Yorkshire on the 2oth, the former passing on during the two following days, while a great increase took place in Cheshire on the 31st. Minor movements in August were reported from the Hampshire coast between the 13th and 31st, from Linlithgow on the 14t]i and 19th, from Lancashire and Dorsetshire on the 19th, on the Suffolk coast between the 19th and 23rd, in Kent on the 22nd and 31st, and in Somerset during the latter half of the month. Yellow Wagtails were reported as being seen for the last time in Staffordshire on the 22nd. In September the great increase that took place in Cheshire on the 31st of the previous month was followed by a decrease on the 2nd and an increase again on the 10th. Numbers were observed pa.ssing in Jjiincashire on the 1st and 2nd and in Yorkshire between the 1st and loth ; an observer in that county reported from sixty to a hundred sitting on telegraph wires at (3 p.m. on the 21st, after which daj' he saw no more. Numbers were passing in Hampshire between the 13th and 18tli. Movements of small numbers were recorded in Dorset on tlie 1st, Surrey on the 3rd, Linlithgow on the 4th, Devonshire on the 5th iind ()th and Suffolk ou tiie 8th and 12th. The last bird was seen in IIiiui]isliire en the 27tli, and one was killed at Ilanois Light (Guernsey) on the 29th/30th. 231 Tliroe Yellow "Wngtails were seen in Wigtown on the i'Stli o{ September, and single birds in Cheshire on the ICth and in Kent on the 31st of October. THE TREE-PIPIT (AnthNs trivkdh). Aug. lOtli. Kent, several going sonth. „ loth >fc 20th. Warwick, about fifty passing. ,, 22nd/23rd. Ilanois Lt. (Guernsey), five. ,, 23rd. Kent, one flying south. „ 24th. Largo (Fife), large movement. ,, 26th, Kirkliston (Linlithtrow), last seen. „ 31st. Kent, several passing. Sept. 24th. Isle of May (Fife), many. „ 27th & 28th. Isle of May, one. Oct. 6th. Sussex, about a dozen seen. ,, 13th. Sussex, passed on. THE MEADOW-PIPIT [AiitJms pratcnsis). Migration commenced in Yorkshire on the 13th of August, on tlie 14th some arrived on the Flannans (Outer Hebrides) and many on Pair Isle (Shetland), further arrivals taking place at both places on the 19th. Large immigrations were noted on the Suffolk coast on the 22nd and 25th, the birds passing on again on the 24th and 30th. During September many important movements took place. Pas.sing flocks were observed at the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides) and Beattock (Dumfries) on the 2nd, many were reported on passage at Kirkliston (Linlithgow) on the 4th and large numbers at Stornowaj' (Lewis) on the 20ih. On Fair Isle and St. Kilda birds were numerous in fluctuating numbers all through the month. A flock of about a hundred was reported in Northumberland on the 12tli and Meadow-Pipits were gatheiiug in flocks in Cumberland on the 19th, but nearlj^ all dis- appeared between the 24th and 26th, On the Staflordshire moors an observer reported very large numbers roosting in the heather on the night of the 13th ; these appear to have passed on before the 21st, being succeeded on the 26th by smaller nimibers, which remained until the end of the mouth. In Oxfordshire large numbers were on passage on the 26th. From Suffolk very ample records were received, large arrivals took place between the 4th and 8th, and small numbers were at the same time passing soutli, while on the latter date two smaller parties were seen to arrive on the coast, coming in over the sea from the east. Between the 12tli and 19th thene were further large arrivals on this coast and flocks continued to pass southward, while from the 23rd to the 29tli the southward coastiiifr-movenient was continuous. On the 25th a small party was seen at sea oil' Ushaiit Hying south-east towards the mainland. At the lights during September, small numbers were noticed at the Kentish Knock on the nights of the 3rd and 11th and at Hanois Light (Guernsey) on that of the 30th, while large numbers occurred at the Flannan Isles Light on the 8th and at Hanois Light on the night of the 28th. During October migi-atory movements were very marked. All through the month small numbers were noted on Fair Isle and at St. Kilda fre>h aiTivals appeared on the 4th, many of these had gone by the following day, but were followed by further arrivals on the 6th, a decrease taking place between the 7th and 11th. On Tiree (Argyll; hundreds were reported going south on the 2nd, and flocks were recorded going east along the coast of Bowness (Solway) on the 14th. On the south coast of Yorkshire many flocks were observed between the 6th and 16th. In Wiltshire large passing flocks were noted on the 9th and very large flocks on the 12th. An increase in numbers was noticed on the Suffolk coast on the 3rd and 4th, some were passing south there on the 11th and many on the 18th and 19th and between the 24th and 31st. Large numbers arrived on the Sussex coast on the 2nd and some left to the south-west between the 23rd and 26th. From the 3rd to the 8th small numbers were recorded going south and south-west in Kent. On the 10th of October a Meadow-Pipit was captured on board a vessel twenty miles to the east of Smith's Knoll Light-vessel (Norfolk) ; on the same day large numbers, and on the 13th a few, were passing the Kentish Knock Light-vessel, fl\iiig S.AV. Small numbers occurred at the lantern of the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincoln) on the nights of the 1st, 13th and 15th, at the Girdler Light-vessel (Kent) on the 2nd, at Ilancis Light on the 15th, 16th, 18th, 19th and 21st, and at the Shipwash Light-vessel (Suffolk) on the 16th. In November many Meadow-Pipits were seen going south on the vSufFolk coast on the 6th. On the coast of Sussex they were passing in small lots of two or three to the east and north-east from 2 to 4 r.Ji. on the 24th, in small numbers to the south about dusk on the 28th, and from 3 P.M. until after dark on the 30th. In December small numbers were passing S.W. on the Sussex coast all day on the 8th, and on the following afternoon. On the 28th a flock of about thirty was reported on passage in Somerset. THE ROCK-PIPIT {Anthua oiscurus). Sept. 21st. Storiiosvay (Lewis), large numbers for a few days up to this date. „ 25th. on Ushant, one or two about vessel. Oct. 4th. Sullblk coast, several passing. 2'^•^ Oct. /jth. Suffolk coast, many; Graiutliorpe (Liucnlii), one or two. „ (jth. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, increase, abundant. „ 7th. Sufiblk coast, all passed on. „ 8th. Yorkshire (south coast), small party. „ 9th. Yorkshire (south coast), about a dozen. „ 10th. Suffolk coast, two or three. „ 29th. Dorset (coast), four or five. Isov. ;")th. Dorset coast, ten or twelve. „ lOth/llth. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), three. THE SPOTTED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa yrisola). Spotted Flycatchers were observed on passage in Devonshire early in August, an increase in numbers locally was noted on the 13th followed by a marked decrease on the 19th. They were congregating in Glou- cestershire on the 13tli, the greater portion leaving on the following day ; many were observed on passage in the same county on the 21st and a few on the 31st. In E, Fif*^. there was a large passage of migrants on the 24th, and in Cornwall a few were passing during the last fortnitrht of the month. There were only two light-records in August, viz. : — 20tli/21st Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), six ; South Bishop Light (Pembroke), one. In September numbers were passing in E. Fife on the 8th nnd 11th, and stragglers in Northumberland between the 8th and 18th. They "were gathering in small parties with ^Villow- Warblers in Cumberland on the 9th, the bulk of them leaving two days later. A small lot arrived in Gloucestershire on the 3rd and passed on during the following day, in Berkshire passing birds were reported on the 10th, 24th and 2oth, while stragglers were noted on passage in Sussex during the last week of the month. A single bird was killed at St. Catherine's Light (Hamp- shire) on the night of 22iidy'23rd. In October single passing birds were recorded in Sussex on the 1st, and in Kent on the 2nd and three in the latter county on the 31st. Spotted Flycatchers were last seen in Staffordshire on the 26th of August, in Wiltshire and Devonshire on the 13th of September, in Cumberland on the 15th, in Gloucester on the 17th, in Lincolnshire on the 21st, in Wigtown, Suffolk and Cornwall on the 24th, in Worcester on the 26th and in Hampshire on the 28th. THE PIED FLYCATCHER (Muscicapa atricapilla). Aug. 6th. Hopefield (Gladsmuir), one. ,, 13th. Norfolk coast, about a dozen passing. „ 14th, Suffolk coast, one arrived. Aug. 14tli/19th. » 15tli. » 17th. ft 22nd. » 24tli. if 25th. 91 28th. Sept 8th. » 10th & 12th. » 11th. )> 12th. j> 14th. » ir,th. 5) 17th. )> 17th to 2Gth. »> 23rd. 2'U E. Kent, a tew passing. Suffolk coast, another arrival. Suffolk coast, passed on. Suilolk coast, one passing. Suffolk coast, three or four. Suffolk coast, two. Suffolk coast, one. Suffolk coast, three, 10th & 12th. Isle of May (Fife), one or two passing. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, six passing. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, one only. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, two. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, two. Suffolk coast, one passing. E. Kent, a few passing. Isle of May, one or two passing ; N.E. Lincoln.shire coast, about two dozen. „ 23rd/24th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., a few ; Southwold Lt. (Suffolk), ten ; Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), five. „ 25th. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, all gone. „ 23rd to 27th. Suflf oik coast, stragglers passing. „ 25th to 27th. Isle of May, one or two passing. „ 27th. E. Kent, twenty or thirty passing. „ 28th. E. Kent, a few passing. „ 28tli/29th. Ilanois Lt. (Guernsey), many. ,, ;j()th/lst Oct. Ilanois Lt., one. Oct. 2nd. Isle of May, one passing. „ 4th. Suffolk, a few passing. THE SWALLOW {Hirundo rustica). The only records for July were of two at Fair Isle on the 6th, and of gatherings in Cumberland and Hampshire towards the end of tlie month. In August the emigratory movement became very general. About forty were noted going east on the coast of Denbighshire on the 4th, and small Hocks to the south in Ilampsliire at dawn on the 10th; in Warwickshire about a hundred were seen passing south on the KUh, and large numbers were on passage in Suffolk on the 19tli, on which date a small passing flock was seen in Lancashire. In Suffolk numbers were observed going south from the 27th to the 29th, and a considerable decrease in numbers was noted in Cumberland on the 12th, in '^^'iltshire on the IGth and 21st and in Oxfordshire on the 31st. The only light- record was that of two flying south at 4.50 p.m. on the 24th past the English and Welsh Grounds Light-ves.sel (Bristol Channel). In September an observer in Wiltshire reported about 100 young 235 birds going north on the 2iid. Large flocks travelling south were noted in Northumberland on the 3rd, and there was a great influx into Cornwall between the 3rd and 7th, Many were seen on the 4th round Cromer Lighthouse (Norfolk), a flock was seen flying north-west in Devonshire on the oth, and some from north and north-east to south on the coast of Suffolk on the 8th, on which date a large arrival of Swallows took place in Sussex followed by a decrease on the following day. Between the 9th and 29th of September small numbers were observed at intervals on the Isle of May, on the 11th a large flock was seen in Penbighs-hire travelling east, numbers appeared at dawn in Kent between the 11th and loth, and thousands were going south in Devonshire at 11 A.M. on the 12th, and on that date a very large flock, going in the same direction, was reported in Northumberland. A large passing flock was recorded in Sussex on the 14th and great numbers in Dumfries- shire between the 14th ond 16th, in Lancashire about a hundred were observed going south-east at 2 p.ir. on the loth, and large numbers were passinnr in Sussex on that date and again on the 20th. On the 19th many were travelling south on the coast of Sufiblk, and a passing flock of about two hundred was seen in Dumfriest^hire. On the 29th a similar number were noted going south-west in Yorkshire. Minor migratory movements took place in Kent between the IGth and 20th, in the Isle of Man on the 18th, in Suffolk on the 19th, ju "Warwickshire and Suffolk on the 20th, and in Suffolk and Sussex on the 21st, the birds going south-east in the former county and south aqd south-west in the latter. On the 23rd a few were observed going south in Suffolk, and from north-west to south-east in Yorkshire on the 24th. Many were passing south in S.E. Sussex all the morning of the 2oth, and on the same day an observer on a steamer in the Bay of Biscay off Usliant noted a small party flying south or south-east. In Suffolk small namljei'S going south were reported on the 2oth, 26th and 28th, and in Devon- shire a flock to the north-west on the 29th. In addition jnany reports of increases and decreases were received from all parts showing that a vast stream of migrants was passing through the country during that month. The light -reports for September were comparatively few, viz.: — English and ^Vel:^h Grounds Light-vessel, seven to the south at 4.30 p.m. on the 13th, and some passing north from dawn to 10 a.m. on the 15th; Nab Light-vessel (Hampshire), two to the north at 3 p.m. on the 13lh, four to the north-west at noon, and ten to the north-east at 2.30 p.m. on the 14th ; Girdler Light-vessel (Kent), twenty at 10.30 a.m. and ten at 11 a.m. to the south-west on the 20th, and two to the south at 8.45 a.m. on the 25th. Owers Light-vessel (Sussex), several passing south from 5 a.m. to noon on the 22nd and 23rd, and in the same direction in bauds of four and Ave all day on the 29th. in October the migratory movement was maintained up to quite the q2 end of the iiinnth. The principal records showinp: a steady eastward passage of birds in Cornwall between 12.30 and 2.30 p.m. on the 1st. Great numbers were seen in Devonsliire on the 3rd and 6th, and large numbers in Mull going south on the latter date. Between the 6tli and 16th there was a fairly steady movement to the .south from the coast of Yorkshire, a party of about fifty were passing in Cornwall on the 7th, and many to the north-east in lierkshire on the 9th. A large ilock was seen going south in Derbyshire on the 10th, and great numbers along the coast of Kent on the 29th. The light-records for October were as follows : — Morecambe B.iy Ught-vessel (Lancashire), one on board at 9 a.m. on ihe 1st; Owers Jjight-vessel, large flocks to the east all day on the 4th, and to the south en the 6th, small flocks to the south all day on the 7th, 8th, 9th and 12th, and small numbers to the east-south-east from 9 to 12 a.m. on the lOtli ; 8t. Catherine's Light (Hamp«hire), large numbers to the east from 9 to 11 a.m. on the 13th. Li November the records were all of single birds or very small numbers, the latest being that of a straggler in AVigtown on the 23rd, A pair brought oft" their third brood of four iu Yorkshire on the 7th of October, and a bird was reported to be sitting on four eggs in Cumberland on the 23rd. Swallows were last seen in Devonshire on the 4th of October, in Shropshire on the 7th, in Lancashire and Cheshire on the 8th, in Wilt- shire on the 9th, in Staffordshire on the 10th, in Suffolk on the 11th, in Lincolnshire on the 14th, in Warwickshire, Somersetshire and Berk- shire on the 15th, in Linlithgow, Y'^orkshire, Oxford and Cambridge on the 16th, in Surrey on the 19th, in Fife on the 21st, iu Essex on the 22nd, iu Hampshire on the 2Hth, and in Worcestershire on the 31st. THE HOUSE-MARTIN {Chelidon in-hica). The only report of a migratory movement in July came from Oxford, where the birds had commenced to congregate on the 24(h and 25th. House-Martins were gathering in flocks in Cumberland on the Ist of August, in SuHblk between the 17th and 19th and on the 26th, in Wiltshire on the 20th and in Lancashire on the 28th. In Warwickshire flocks were seen going soutli on the 12th (at 3.45 p.m.) and on tlie 16th, on the coast of Kent small flocks were passing almost daily between the 19th and 31st. Many were passing south in Suffolk from the 27tli to the 29th, and on the latter date many were travellini? in the same direction along the coast of that county and on the 30th a large arrival was noted in Su.s.«ex. Emigration was very active in September. During the first fortnigiit House-Martins were passing daily in Sus-sex, an immense flock was observed in that county on tlie 22nd and some numbers were fiying south all the morninpf of tlie 2">(h. ( )n the 3rd a flock coming from the 237 nortb-north-east was reported in Warwieksliii-e, small passinj? flocks were noted in CUoucester between the 4tli and 9tli and large nunibera were cung-regating there from the 7th to the Uth. In the same county large numbers were going north on the 11th, many to the south and south- east on the 17th, increased numbers were noted on the 28rd followed by a decrease on the 26th. Migrants were ])assing in Suffolk on the 6th and on the coast to the south on ihe 8th, increased numbers were recorded on the 12th as well as some passing on that and the following days, on the 14th a flouk of twenty or thirty was reported going north, and on the 19th there was a very large coasting-movement to the south. A considerable influx took place on the 29th and ^Oth, the birds passing on at once. In Yorkshire very large flocks were passing on the loth and 14ih, about fifty were seen going south on the 18th, numbers on tlie 24th and 2uth, a passing flock on the 27th and a flock to the south- east on the 29th. In Lancashire a great decrease was recorded on the 10th and loth, but a further gathering of numbers took place on the 17th followed by a decrease on the 22nd. In Devonshire passing birds were observed from the 13th to the 16th and on the 22nd and 23rd. Large numbers were noted on passage in Cheshire from the 14th to the IGth and on the 23rd. In Ayrshire large numbers were migrating on the loth, a large influx took place in Staffordsliire between the 20lh and the 23rd, gradually passing on. In NorthumberJand many were going south on the 24th and 27th, in Denbigh large flocks were seen flying >ea8t at 9 A.M. on the 24th and in Kent a flock passed to the south-east on the 28th. In October the southward movement was briskly maintained up to the middle of the month. On the 1st small numbers were flying to the south and south-east in Yorkshire and an immense concourse was seen in Staffordshire, the bulk of these had pas.<^ed on by the 4th ; in Devon- shire numbers were passing from the south-east on the 3rd, a large influx took place on the 4th and again on the 11th, on which date numbers were passing from east to west, the birds had all left by the end of the month. In Hampshire passing flocks were reported on the loth, and this was the last record of any migratory movement of importance. In Sussex moderate numbers were passing in flocks during the first half of the month and stragglers during the latter half. The only light-records were: — Girdler Light-vessel (Kent), twenty flying west at 9 a.m., twelve to the west-south-west at 9.40 a.m. and 10 A.M. on the 27th of September ; Dungeness Light (Kent), twenty going south on the 7th/8th of October; and St. Ciitiierine's Light (Hampshire), large numbers to the east between 9 and 11 a.m. on the 13th. The records for November w-ere of stragglers with the exception of a small party of sixteen going south-east in Suli'ulk on the 9th. In Ayrshire a pair were still tending their nestlings on the 4th of October. 238 House-Martins -were last seen in Ci)riiwall on the 20tli of September, in Cheshire on the oth of October, in Sliropshire and Wiltshire on the 7th, in Cumberland, Monnioulh and Gloucester on the 8th, in AVaiwiclv- shire on the 9th, in Oxford on the 10th, in Berkshire on the 11th. in Cambi-idjie, Essex and Somerset on the 21st, in Staffordshire on the 2.3rd, in Lancashire and Worcester on the 24th, in Yorkshire, Derb^'- shire and Suffolk on the 2Gth, in Wigtown on the 28th and in Devon- shire on the 30th. THE SAND-MARTIN ( Cotile riparia). The emii^ratory movement commenced about the third week in July, a few beini^ seen at the I'entland Skerries on the 20th, while some were passing' south in Sullblk on the 25th. Five were seen about the Chicken Rock Lightliouse at 3 p.m. on the 28th, and one at 1.30 p.m. on the following day. In August Sand-Martins were congregating in Cumberland on the 1st, and in great numbers in Suffolk and smaller numbers in Dorset on the 6th. Many were observed going south in Suflblk on the 2oth, 29th and 30th, while on the latter date two small parties were noted coming in from the east. On the 29th an observer on the coast of Devonsliire reported a steady passage of these birds from east to west between 6 and 6.35 p m. In September a large flock flying north-west was recorded in Devonshire on the 5th ; an increase in numbers was noted in the same county on the 13th followed by a decrease on the 17th, In Suffolk flocks were passing south on the Gth and between the 12th and 29th, a large influx also took place in that county on the 15tli, the birds all passing on again by the 17th. A small number arrived in Cumberland on the 13th and a large flock on the 15th, but had all passed on by the 19th. A few were passing in Yorkshire on the 21st and 24th, and an increase was reported from the Ii> 6th. V 9th. >) 13th. 241 Oct. 3rcl/4tli. S. Goodwill Lt.-v, (Kent), six, left to N.W. at 10 a.m. „ otli. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, several small Hocks. „ 6tli;7th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorlishi;-e), one. „ 8Lh. Yorkshire (south coast), a considerable flock ; Suftllk coast, a few flying S. „ 8th to 31st. Thauet (E. Kent), many in the fields. „ ytli/lOth. Dungeness Lt. (Kent), twenty. „ 11th. Suflolk coast, a few flying- S. „ 16th/17th. Dungeness Lt., one. „ 18th to 21st. Suflbik coast, many flying S. „ 23rd/24th. Lemau and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), twenty. „ 24th to 26th. Suffolk coast, many flying S. „ 24th. Bell liock Lt. (Tay), OLB. Nov. 1st. Suffolk coast, flocks flying S. „ 11th, Suffulk coast, a few flying S. „ 29th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v., two. THE CHAFFIXCn {Fringilla ccehhs). The first recorded migratory movement took place in Gloucestersliire, where a large passing flock of females was noted on the 18th of August ; smaller flocks of females were observed in the same county on the 20th. and 23rd and a flock of males on the 28th. In September a large flock of females was seen in Suff'olk on the 11th. There Avere arrivals on Fair Isle (Shetland) and the Isle of May (Fife) on the 23rd, and from that date to the lOtb of October large numbers were reported by the Keeper of the St. Nicholas Light-vessel oft' the Norfolk coast as coming in from the east. There were arrivals at Lerwick (Shetland) on the 24th of September, and numbers were seen on Fair Isle between that date and the 29th. Several flocks were observed going south on the Suftblk c(>ast on the 27th, and small passing flocks were seen in Northumberland between the 27th and 29th. In October the records from the north and east sides of the kingdom were as follows : — Numbers on I'air Isle from the 2nd to the 4th, several large flocks on the south coast of Yorkshire between the 14th and 16th, many passing south on the coast of Suffolk on the 18th, 19th, 24th and 27th and smaller numbers on the 4th, 11th, 14th and 21st, and flocks arriving there from the east on the 29lh. During the fir&t week of the month numbers of small parties ^all males) were passing in Kent. On the western side small flocks were flying E. along the coast at Bowness (Solway) on the 14th. In Lancashire they were passing in flocks on the 2nd, the numbers increasing between the 4th and 7th and becoming very large on the 8th. On the 12th a flock of twenty-three was seen from a ship in St. George's Channel at 4 p.m. about half an hour out from Fishjiuard. 242 lu Doi'j-et large flocks were seen on tlie south coast on tlie '22nd, and on St. Kikla large numbers were reported on the 9th and 11th. The light-records for October were very numerous, the principal being as follow.s : — Newarp Light-vessel (Norfolk), many on the 15th/16th. Shipwash Light-vessel (Suffolk), si.\ty on board all d:iy on the lith and thirty or forty flying west on the :?7th. Kentish Kuock Light-vessel (Es.'^ex), many on the 13th/14t]i and 14th/15th ; small flocks to the AV.S.W. on the 25th between 9 and 11 A.M. and a few to W.X.W. from 9 a.m. to noon on the 26th. Girdler Light-vessel (Kent), scores on deck and flying W.S.W. from 6 A.M. to o P.M. on the 13th, and many to the W.S.W. from G a.m. to 5 P.M. on the loth. Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), flocks to the E. on the 18th. English and Welsh Grounds Light-vessel (Biistol Channel), a flock to the S. at 9.80 a.m. on the 28lh. In November immbers were noted on Fair Isle and at Girdleness (Kincardineshire) on the 9th and lltli respectivel}'. Many were psissing south on the Suffolk coast on the 1st and small numbers arrived in Sussex on the 21st. The principal light-reports in November were : — Shipwash Light-vessel, flocks to the W. from 10 to 10.40 a.m. on the 1st and at 1 1.30 a.m. on the 14th. Kentish Knock Light-vessel, small flocks to the W.S.W. from 8 a.m. to noon on the 2nd, and large flocks to the S.E. at 10 a.m. on the 10th. Bardsey Light, flocks on the island on the 17th. In December a great increase was noted in Sussex on the 14th and loth (all males), which h.ad passed on by the following day. Chaffinches were observed almost daily during October and November on Fair Isle, St. Kilda, the Pentland Skerries, at the Bell Bock Light on the Isle of May and at the Butt of l/cwis, while a few were seen throughout December on Fair Isle. THE BRAMBLING {Frinyilhi montifrm,jilUi). Arrivals were noted on Fair Isle (Shetland), Sule Skerry (Orkney) and the Isle of Ma}' (Fife) during the Last week of September. In October large numbers were observed on Fair Isle between the 14tli and 21 St, and small numbers on the Pentland Skerries (Orkney), at Cape Wrath (Sutherland) and at the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides) during the same period. Between the 23rd and the 11th of November small numbers were noted at all the above places. About the 2oth of October a large Hock arrived at Loch Awe (Argyll), and smaller numbers at Mull and Wigton on the 27th. Some were passing on the coast of Suflblk on the 30th and a few were reported in Kent on the 4th and 11th and from the 17th to the 19th, while many arrived on the 9th. 243 The light-records for October were as follows : — Thirty or forty at Lynn Well Light-vessel (Wash) on the 9th/10th and about a hundred on the 13th/i4th; a few flying S.W. past the Kentish Knock Light- vessel on the morning of the L'Jth ; several at Spurn Head Light (Yorksliire) and single birds at Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) and Ilanois Light (Guernsey) on the 16th/17th ; an influx at Noup Head Light (Orkney) on the 19th and numbers at the same light on the 24th. In November a flock of about seventy was observed in Haddington on the 8th, a few arrived in Cheshire on the 11th, a great increase in numbers taking place on tlie 18th. In Perthshire a few large flocks were reported on the :i6th. The only light-record was that of a single bird killed at Whitby Light (Yorkshire) on the lst/2nd. THE LINNET {Lmota cannabma). Large flocks were congregating in Kent about the end of August. In September great numbers appeared in Cheshire on the 7th, several large flocks were passing south in Leicester on the 30th, and flocks also going south were observed on the coast of Suflblk between the 12th and 27th. In Hampshire verj' large numbers were reported going W.N.W. on the 1st, 6tli and 27th and smaller numbers (direction not stated) on the 13th. In October Linnets were reported as very numerous on Inchkeith (Forth) on the 29th, and about twenty were seen on the Isle of May on the 20th and 21st. Immense flocks were observed on the south coa^t of Yorkshire between the 6th and 16lh, more especially on the 6th and 14th. In Leicestershire many flocks were passing during the month, the movement being most marked during the last week. Flocks were passing south on the Suflblk coast throughout October, in large numbers on the Uth and 12th, from the 18th to the 20tli and 24tli to 27th, and in still larger numbers on the 19th. Numbers arrived in Devonshire on the 6th and a large flock on the south coast of Dorset on the 22nd. In Hampshire large nimibers were pas!^ing to the west on the 2nd and in Sussex to the south-west on the 23rd and 26th. A few were observed going south-west in Kent on the 6th. In November a small flock appeared on the Bass Rock (Forth) on tlie 28th, and a flock going suuth was noted in Northumlerland on the tHh. On the Suflblk coast flocks were reported as flying south between the 1st and 21st, the movement being specially marked on the 6th, 8th, 13th, 14th and 22nd; a few goiug south were recorded in Sussex on the 28th and to the south and west on the 30th. In December a very large flock was reported in Northumberland on the 10th and two were seen on Fair Isle ou the 26th. Sept. 1st. )) 24th. ;> 2Gth. Oct. 2nd. )} Gth. }> 10th. ;> 12th. »> lOtli. IS'ov. (JtU. Dec. 4th. j> 6th. 2U THE TWITE [Linotajlauv-ostns). Fair. Isle (Shetland), many, in flocks. Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), large flocks. N. Unst (Shetland), large flocks. S.E. Suffolk coast, many arrived. Xorth Cotes (Lincoln), a flock arrived ; Yarmouth (Norfolk), a flock arrived. Thorpe Mere (Siifl'ulk), twenty to tliirty arrived. I'entland Skerries (Orkuey), hundreds. Yarmouth, many seen, some flying S, I'entland Skerries, large numbers. N. Uu.>t, large flocks. Peutlaud Skerries, large flocks. THE MEALY REDPOLL {Linota linaria). Mealy Redpolls arrived at St. Kilda on the 10th of September and four arrived on the Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides) on the 16th. Between the 17th and the Gth of November small numbers were recorded at intervals at the Flannans and St. Kilda, the Peutland Skerries and North Ronaldsay (Orkney) and at Fair Isle and Lerwick (Shetland). Large numbers arrived at Spurn Head (Yorkshire) on the lOth of October and a single bird Avas taken at Tarbatness Liglit (E. Ross) ou the loth of November. Amongst those that occurred on St. Kilda were a few of the Greenland race {L. linaria rostrata), two were obtained on the 10th of September and single birds ou the 9th, 21st and 29th. One was also obtained on Fair Isle on the ord of October and one at Sule Skerry Light (Orkuey) ou the 8th. Till-: LESSER REDPOLL {Linota rufcscens). Hampton-in-Arden (Warwick), local bred birds left. Hampton-iu-Arden, one seen. Corsemalzie (Wigtown), ht'ty seen ; Eo^hani (Sussex), one flying S.W. Peutland Skerries (Orkney), two arrived j Langstone Harbour (Hants), a few flying W. HanipLon-in-Arden, six flying N. Praiiipton (Cumberland), flocks seen. Tiiiibridge Wells (Kent), small parties arrived. Brampton, flocks passing. Deerness (Orkney), one seen. Bosham (Sussex), flock oi 100 arrived. Early Aug. Sept. 2(Uh. Oct. 1st. }f 2nd. V yrd. j> Gth. }> 8th. >> 10th. N ov. 8th. }> 21st. 245 Nov. :?4th. I'osliani, eight only. „ '28th. Laiigstoue liarboiu-, about twenty flying S. „ 30th. Bosham, all gone. Dec. 4th. Loch Awe (Argyll), a few passing. „ 7th. J^etterawe (Argyll), a small flock. „ f'th. Bosham, about 100 arrived in small parties. „ l-'jth. Bosham, seven onlj'. „ 16th. Bosham, none. "SPARROWS," "B'lNCIIES," Etc. A number of records were sent in by the light-keepers relating to movements on the part of species nncertainly identified by them as " Sparrows," " Finches," " Linnets/' etc., mostly from stations oflT the east coast. It seems probable that these refer, in part at any rate, to certain of the Frinf/illidce, and as some of the movements were extensive, they cannot be entirely ignored. Large flocks were recorded at Cromer Light (Norfolk) as flving N. at noon on the ISth of October, and numbers were going in the same direction during the day on the i*Oth. At the Girdler Jiight-vessel (Kent) many flocks were observed going W. from 8 a.w. to noon on the 4th, to the S.W. at the same time on the 6th, and to the W. on the 7th ; on the 8th many flocks -were going W.S.W. from 7 to 11 a.m., and on the 12th many small flocks were passing to the W. from 6 a.ji. to noon. At the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (Essex) many were going S. at 8 A.M. on the oth of October, to the W.S.W. at 7.30 a.m., and to the W'. at 1.15 r.M. on the 10th ; many were also seen going S.S.E. at 8.30 a.m. on the 14th and large flocks to the W. from 11 a.m. to noon on the 26th. The above are the principal records, all the others refemng to more or less insignificant mcvements. THE CROSSBILL {Lo.via curvlrostra). June (about 12th\ Deerness (Orkney), one arrived. July Ludlow (Shropshire), flock (30) arrived and remained all the autumn. „ 11th. Lerwick (Shetland), some arrived. „ 18th. Dowles (Shropshire), five arrived. „ 21st. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), one arrived. „ 22nd. Fair Isle (Shetland), one arrived. „ 23rd. Lerwick, one. „ 24th. Pentland Skemes, nine arrived. „ 2oth, Fair Isle, about twelve arrived. }) 2.5tb. >» 29th. Sept. lUh. J) 19th. Oct. 7th. Dec. 24:G July 28th. Fair Isle, eleven. „ .'30th. Fan- Isle, one onl}\ „ 31 St. Stretton (Staffordshire), some heard. Aug. 1st. Stretton, one seen. „ 8th & 12th. Pentland Skerries, one, „ 24th. Tunbridge Wells (Kent), one passing. Kirkwall (Orkney), several seen. N. Unst (Shetland), six arrived. Fair Isle, one. Cookley (Worcester), female seen. Dowles, six seen. Gnosall (Staffordshire), flock (100). „ 24th. Hamptou-in-Arden (Warwick), six seen. There were also numerous records from Inverness, Perthsliire, Areyll, Peebles, etc., but it seems doubtful whether these related to the local Scottish race (L. c. scotica) or to Continental immigrants {vide ' Report on Scottish Ornithology' for 1911). THE COPtX-BUNTING {Emberiza miliaria). At the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) two birds arrived on the 10th of October, three on the 8th of November and single birds on the 3rd, 24th and 2Gth of December. One arrived on Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 20th of October and a few were seen there at intervals between tliat date and the end of the year. On the 22iid/23rd of November a single bird was taken at Ilanois Light (Guernsey). THE YELLOW BUNTING (Emiuriza citrinella). Lowestoft (Suffolk), large arrival. Oakamoor (Staffordshire), flocking. S,E. Suffolk coast, many arrived. S, Yorkshire coast, few. Aldringham (Sutl'olk), an arrival. Aldriiigliam, increase. Aldringham, large increase. S. Yorkshire coast, increase. Fair Isle (Shetland), few arrived. 10th to 25th. Fair Isle, small numbers. 17th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), two arrived. 18tli. Isle of Ma}' (Fife), two arrived. 19th. Lowestoft, a flock flying S. 22nd, Poole (Dorset), a largo flock seen. Sept. 29th. Oct. 2nd. >> 4th, j> Gthtollth, » 8th. » 9tl.i. )) lOtli. >> 12th. 9f 14th. 21-7 Oct. 24tli, Lowestoft, increaso, fioclcs i[ymg S. ; Soutliwold (Suffolk), flocks flying 8.; CuUercoats (Xorthmnber- laiid), a Hock flying S.NV. ,, 2oth. Lowestoft, decrease. „ 2(jtli. Lowestoft, increase, flocks flying S. „ 27th. Lowestoft, decrease. Nov. 13th. Ijowestoft, increase, some arriving from N. „ 20tl) /21st. Eardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), one. ,. 21st/22ud. Outer Gabbard Lt.-v. (Suffolk), one. „ 29th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), one. Dec. 3rd. Pentland Skerries, one arrived. „ 4th. Leman and Ower Lt.-v., twenty on board. „ 6tli. Deerness (Orkney), about twenty seen. „ 14th/loth. Southwold Lt., one. TtJE REED-BUNTING {Eviberizn sc/>cFmclns). Sept. 23rd. Lowestoft (Suffolk), arrived in some numbers from N. and flew S. „ 24th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), one arrived. „ 27th. Lowestoft, six passing. ,, 29th. Lowestoft, large arrival. Oct. 2nd to oth. Lowestoft, a few only. „ 5th. S.E. Suffolk coast, many arrived. „ 7th. S. Yorkshire coast, increase. „ 8th to 11th. S. Yorkshire coast, farther increase. „ 11th. Lowestoft, increase. „ 12th. S. Yorkshire coast, large increase; Lowestoft, de- crease. „ 18th to 21st. Fair Isle (Shetland), one or two. „ 24th. Southwold (Suffolk), some flying S. ,, 26lh. Lowestoft, increase, arrivals from N. ; Bosham (Sussex), small flock flying S.W. „ 28th & 29th. Lancashire coast, a few passing. Nov. 27th/28th. St. Catherine's Lt. (Hants), one. THE LAPLAND BUNTING {Calcarius hpponicus). Single birds arrived on St. Ivilda on the 3rd and oth of September, si.x or eight were seen there ou the 7th and about a dozen on the 8th, the same or others were noted there ou the 9th, 13th and 15th and on the 6tli, 7th, 9th and 10th of October. The species was first observed on Fair Isle on the 21st of September, one was seen there on the 6th of October and five on the Oth. Single birds occurred on the Isle of May (Fife) on the 28th of September and the 12th of October. 248 At Yarmouth (Norfolk) a single bird arrived on the 27th of September, some were seen flying south there on the 17th of October and otliers as follows : — one on the 18th and 23rd, six on thy 24th, two on the 27th, three to the S. on the 31st, two on the 2nd of November, two to the S. on the 14th and one on the 27th and 29th. Near Aldringham (Suffolk) two arrived on the 4th of October, one was seen on the 7th, three at least on the 9th and from five to eight on the 10th. Oa the 27th/28th of November a single bird was taken at Hanois Light (Guernsey). On the 11th of December two were seen (probably in winter-quarters) at Aldeburgh (Suffolk). THE SNOVV-BUNTIXG {Boctrojjhenax nimliy). Between the 10th and the •■>Oth of September small numbers of Snow- Bimting.^ were observed on Fair Isle (Shetland), at Sule Skerry, Noup Ili^ad and the Pentlaiid Skerries (Orkney) and at St. Kilda, the F.annans, N. Ui.st and the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides). In October the following records were made on the northern and eastern portions of tlie kingdom : — Small numbers were observed at Lerwick (Shetland) and at Doeruess (Orkney) on the 28th and 29th and at Fair Isle between the 26th and 31st, numbers arrived on North Itonaldsay (Orkney) on the 17th, small numbers on the Pentland Skerries on the 28th followed by a large arrival between 8.30 a.m. and noon on the 30th. At Girdleness (Kincardine) hundreds were reported on the 3rd and they were very numerous at Aberlady (Haddington) on the 28th. On the English coast large flocks were observed on the coast of Lincolnshire on the 28th and thirty or forty on the 30th. In Norfolk several were recorded between the I8lh and 20th and arrivals took place on the Suffolk coast on the 2nd, 4th, Gth, Kith and 25th. On the western side a flock was noted on St. Kilda on the 3rd and 4th of October, numbers arrived at Cape Wrath (Sutherland) on the 13th and a large flock at Tiumpan Head (Outer Hebrides) on the 27th. A flock arrive! at the Butt of Lewis on the 7th and a large increase was observed at the same place on the 28th. In November many were ob- served in Fair Isle throughout the month. There was a large arrival at the Peiitlaiid Skerries on the Gth, and some at Tarbatness (E. Ross) on the same date. Very lavge numbers were noted at Girdleness on the 1st, 3rd, 11th, 17th and 22nd, a large arrival took place in P'ast Fife on the Gth followed by an increase in numbers on the following day and tlie appearance of enormous flocks on the lltli and 2 1st. A large arrival was recorded at the Bass Rock on the Gth and arrivals at Inchkeilh (Forth) on the loth, while a flock of from 500 to GOO was seen at Dunbar (Haddington) on the IGth. Three or four flocks pa5sing south were seen in Northumberland on tiie Gth, a few on the 11th, and a Hock of 240 twenty or tliirty at the moutli of the Tj'ne on the 16th. On the coast of Lincohishire five or six Snow-Buntings were seen on the 7th, and about two hundred on the 21st. On the Suffolk coast flocks were passing south on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, 10th, 14th, 22nd, 27th and 29th. About thirty were reported in Kent between the 20th and 25th and a few on the 29th and oOth. On the western side of Scotland a large flock arrived at the Butt of Lewis on the 25th of November, a great many at Barra between the 11th and 18th and some at Tiree during the same period. The lighi^records for November were as follows : — Several killed at Tarbatness and Bell Rock Lights on the 15th ; four at the lantern of the Bell Hock Light and a great many at the Isle of May Light from 7 to 10 P.M. on the 17th ; one killed at Ilanois Light ((xuernsey) on the 2tjth/27th ; one killed at Morecambe Bay Light-vessel (Lancashire) on the 27th/28th and about thirty seen at the Leman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk) on the 29th. In December Snow-Buntings were noted at Xoup Head on the 2nd, flocks at the Pentland Skerries on the 12th and large numbei-s at Girdleness on the Ist and 27th. At Inchkeith and at Tranent (Had- dington) flocks were seen on the 17th. Large flocks were reported on the coast of Northumberland going soutlx on the 10th and numbers on the coast of Lincolnshire on the 4th. On the west coast many flocks were observed at the Butt of Lewis on the Ist and 27th, at Stornoway between the 10th and 27th, and a large flock at Tiumpan Head on the 20th. Large flocks were reported from N. Uist on the 4th, and some flocks in Tiree on the 19th. At Morningside (Lanark) large numbers were recorded on the 5th. The only light report was of several seen and eleven killed at the Would Light-vessel (Norfolk) at 10 p.m. on tlie 31st of December. THE STARLING (Sturnus vulgaris). On August 21st a flock was noticed flying east past the Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Suffolk), and on the 22nd/23rd and the 5th/6th of Sep- tember a few appeared at the Nab Light-vessel (Hants). On the 12th and 14th of September flocks were noted going south at Cromer Light (Norfolk). From the 13th to the 20th an increase in numbers was re- corded on the Hampshire and Sussex border. A few were recorded at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel {Ao miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames) on the 20th going south-east and some occurred at that light on the 21st/22nd and 23rd/24th, a few also being seen on the latter night at the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) and Winterton Light (Norfolk). It seems certain that all these records refer to migratory movements of birds of Biitish origin. At the end of September local birds which had been in flocks since the summer left south Devon. Tlie arrival of immigrants on the east coast started on the 1st of Octo- ber, and flocks were observed arriving during the iirst fortnight from some easterly direction at many points between Scarborough (Yorkshire^ in the north and N. Kent in the south. On the Gth and 7th flocks -were noted at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel going S.E, and S.S.E., these pi'obably being some of those coastal emigrants which had come from further north. Flocks noted al Cron)er going north on the 3rd and 7th were probably those which had arrived further soutli from the south-east and on striking land had coasted. On 2nd/3rd and 4th/5th a few were noted at Dungeness Light (Kent), these may have been emigrants going south ?;S certainly were many flocks seen at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex) on the 6th. At the same time increased numbers were noted in various parts of Suffolk aud Kent. There were onl}' two records of single birds from west coast stations during that period. During the last half of the month immigration on the east coast as- sumed larger ^proportions, and seems to have been at its height from the 14th to the 18th. In Scotland there was a continuous movement noted at many stations all round the coast from the 11th to 25th, and most pronounced between the 19th and 21st. On the 10th of October flocks were noted coasting south on the N.E. Lincolnshire coast, and a similar movement was noted on many days on the Suttolk coast. Emigration from the south coast continued to increase. There was also far more movement re(;orded on the west coast than during the first half of the month, but though some of these were doubtless migrants passing south, there was no positive information as to the direction in which they were going. During that half of the month increased numbers were noted in Sufl'olk, Kent, Cardigan and towards the end of the mouth in Leicestershire and Devon. The immigration on the east coast continued during November, aud there were records on most days up to the 10th of November of arrivals at places between the Wash and the Thames. On the 7th of November flocks were flying south along the Lmcolnshire coast and on the 11th others were recorded going north at Cromer. On the south coast an increase was noted on the Sussex and Hampshire border on the 11th and 12th, from the 20th to the end of the month fairly large movements were recorded at the Owers Light-vessel, St. Catherine's Light (Hampshire), llanois Light (Guernsey), the Eddystone Liglit (Cornwall) and Port- land liill flight (Dorset), while in Sussex migrants were seen going west on the 24th. On the west const there were a few records of importance ; on the 9tli flocks were recorded going S.S.W. at the Skerries Light (Anglesey) and again on the 11th going W.S.W. On the 14th several were seen flving N.E. at the English and Welsh Grounds Light-vessel (J]ristol Channel), a fair number were seen al Bardsey Light (Carnarvon) and at 2ol S. Bisliiip Lio-lit (Pemln-oke) on the L>0tLi/21st, while on llio ■27i\i a flock was noted g'oiu;j;' soutli at Morecambe J5ay Light-vessel (Lancashire). During December there were only a few records of single birds. THE NUTCRACKER [Nucifraf/a caryocatactes). During tbe autumn (1911) one of the periodic irruptions of this species occurred. The birds first appeared in the Russian Baltic provinces and Kurland at the end of July. Here they became very numerous towards mid-August and diminished in numbers at the beginning of September. A flock was seen in W. Prussia also, towards the end of July, wJiich appears to have dispersed westward during August and September, but none were recorded from E. Prussia until the end of August. From the beginning of the second half of September the birds spread to Pomerania, Mecklenberg, Prussian Silesia and Hanover, and by the end of the mouth they had reached Mark Brandenberg, Bohemia, Lower and Upper Austria, Croatia and Dalmatia. At the beginning of October they were reported from S. Styria, Bavaria, Klsass, Westphalia, Northern and Central France, while at the end of the first week they reached the British Islands. One was shot at Cawston (Norfolk) on the 6th, a second at ^^^lit- ehurch (Bucks) on the 7th, a third at Sparham (Norfolk) on the Oth, a fourth at Broome (Kent) about the same time, a fifth at Beyton (Suffolk), where it had been seen for at least a week, on the 9th of November, and a sixth at Brede (Sussex) on the 2nd of December. All the specimens, both Continental and British, tliat have been examined, have proved to belong to the Siberian or slender-billed race {N. c. 7nacrorhynclms). THE JACKDAW {Corvus moyiedida). The returns relating to this species were scanty. During the last half of October flocks were noted in north Sufiolk coming in from the east, • frequently accompanied by Rooks ; arrivals were also recorded inland in Suffolk about the same time. On the loth of October a single bird occurred at Skerryvore Light (Inner Hebrides) and on the 30th at the Iceman and Ower Light-vessel (Norfolk). Further arrivals were noted in north Suffolk, flying west, during the first week in November and in S.E. SulTolk on the 7th. On the 5th and 12th of November odd birds were seen coasting south on the Northumberland coast, on the 7th flocks were going west past the Leman and Ower Light-vessel, while on the 10th arrivals were recorded at the Bell Rock Light (Tay) and on the next day in Tiree (Argyll). On the 9th of December one was taken on St. Kilda (Outer Hebrides). r2 THE HOODED CROW {Corims conii.i'). Two young birds were reported from Sidestrand (Norfolk) on the 16th of July. Some arrived at the Flannan Isles (Outer Hebrides) on the 22nd of September and large numbers at Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 3rd of October. The first birds on passage on the east coast were reported from Norfolk on the 1st of October and some arrived from the east on the S.E. Suflblk coast on the following day. The first bird was seen in Staflbrdshire on the 3}'d, in Warwickshire on the 5th, in Cheshire on the 6th, in Lincolnshire on the 9th, in Surrey on the 22nd and in Hertfordshire on the 23rd. From the 9th of October onwards flocks were noticed at intervals on the coasts of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and Suflblk, coming in from some easterly direction, while many light-stations oil' these coasts also recorded movements : at the Kentish Knock Light- vessel (45 miles E. bj' N. from the mouth of the Thames) the direction of flight was generally to the N.W. This immigration on the east coast lasted well into November, the last record being on the 24th. Hooded Crows were seen flying S.W. on the Northumberland coast on the 27th of October and on the 1st of November. Ofl' Suflblk they were coasting south on the 18th, 19th, 24th and 26th of October, while on the 1st of December an unusual coastiug-niovement to the west was seen on the Sussex coast. Further arrivals in Scotland were noted at the Isle of May, the Bass Piock (Forth) and the Peutland Skerries (Orkney) on the 20th of October. THE HOOK {Corvusfntgilegus). The first immigrants from the east were noted on the S.E. coast of Suffolk on the 11th of September and these were followed by others on the 28th, It was, however, not until the first week in October that arrivals became at all general, but from that date until the middle of November they were noted on most days on the Suflblk coast, and records of " Crows " at many of the light-stations between the llumber and the Thames during the .same period no doubt refer in part to this species. At the Shipwiish Light-vessel (Suffolk) the direction of flight was towards the N.W. or W.N. W. An increase was noted in Susse.\ on tlie 2nd of October, in N.W. Suffolk on the 5th and in Kent on the 17th and 18th, while on the 10th large numbers were seen flying S.S.W. ovtT Thanet (E. Kent). Many Ifooks passed the Chicken Kock Light (Isle of Man) on the 15th of October, and on the 16th/I7th single birds were taken at the South Goodwin Light-vessel (Kent) and at Hanois Liglit ((iuernsey). Flocks arrived in Tiree (Argyll) on the 22nd of October and the 11th of Novenilier, and between the 30th of October and the 2/ )/> 18th of November small numbers were present on Fair Isle (Slietlaud). Kooks continued to arrive on the east coast during November up to the 23rd, and there was a single record of flocks arriving on the ]4tli of December in S.E. Suffolk. THE SKY-LARK {Alauda arcensis). On the 29th/30th of August a single Sky-Lark was taken at the r?as3 Rock Light (Forth) and a few were seen at the Outer Gabbard Light- vessel (Suffolk). There were few records daring the first half of September, from the Isle of May (Fife), the Nab Light-vessel (Hants) and from Cromer, where numbers were noted going south on the l(5th. By the 1.5th the local birds had left Hayling Island (Hants). During the last half of the month nearly all the records were from the east coast, birds, mostly in small numbers, being reported from several light- stations between the Humber and the Thames, while in Suffolk flocks were noted coasting to the south on most days, and on the loth and 20th flocks were seen arriving from the east on the Lincolnshire coast. During that period migrants were noted on several days at the Isle of May and on the 21st they were travelling S.E. ; many came iu the Pentland Skerries Light (Orkney) on the 2ord/24th. On the 19th a few were noted going S.E. at the Kentish Knock Light-vessel (45 miles E. by N. from the mouth of the Thames). The only record from the west was of a single bird at the South Bishop Light (Pembroke) on September 30th/0ctober 1st. During the first half of October migration was on a larger scale, on the east coast there were records on most days of immigrants arriving from some easterly direction (not always from the same quarter, at the same place, and on the same day) at many points between Scarborough (Yorkshire) and the Straits of Dover. On the 7th some were noticed going south near the Bass Rock (Forth) and many were recorded at the Pentland Skerries Light (Orkney) on the 13th/'14th, while coasting-movements to the south w^ere frequently observed in Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and Suffolk . On the west coast there were several records, mostly of small numbers, at Morecambe Bay Light-vessel (Lancashire), Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man), Skerries Light (Anglesey) and Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), and it was noted that the flocks were going east at the first-L.amed station. On the 7th many appeared at Stornoway (Outer Hebrides) and a few reached St. Kilda a few days later. There was no evidence during that period of migrants leaving tlie south coast. Increased numbers were retiorted in Devon on the 2nd, in Suffolk on the 3rd and 10th, in Kent on the 5th and in Staffordshire on the 14th. The immigration of this species continued in unabated numbers throughout October and up to the end of the flrst week in November, and was witnessed both at the light-stations and at different points on land 2,34 over tlio same area of the cast coast as was iudicattd aLove. Tlie latest arrivals were observed on the 19th of November in Suffolk, though there were notes of a few birds at the lights on several nights up to the 3rd of December. Up to the 1st of November flocks were seen going south on the Suffolk coast nearly every day and a similar movement was seen on tlie Northumberland coast on that date. At Cromer flocks were seen going north on several days. On the west coast, from the Isle of Man to Cornwall, a large number of records were sent in from the lights during the last half of the month, though there was no indication of the direction taken by the travellers. Numbers were moving south in Mull on the 26th of October. On the south coast migrants were seen at the Hampshire, Dorset, Devon and Channel Island lights on nearly every night from the I'Jth to the 20th of October, and on the 25th flocks were noted at Hanois Light (Guernsey) coming from the north. During the third week of the month an increase was noted on the Sussex coast. Migrants were noted on the 20th/2lst of November at the Eddystone Light (Cornwall) and St. Cathe- rine's Light (Hants) and on the 22nd/23rd at the latter and at Ilauois Light, while from the 2()th to the 30th a few were seen flying south at the Owers Light-vessel (Sussex). On both the east and west coasts of Scotland migrants were noted on many nights between the 11th of October and the 1st of December, the greatest numbers occurring between the 17th and 21st of October, while on the 19th/20th of October there was a large influx at N. Unst (Shetland). THE SHORE-LARK {Otocorys alpestris). Oct. Oih. Yarmouth (Norfolk), four seen. „ 1 1 th. S.E. Suffolk coast, two arrived. „ ] 4th, 15th & 19th. Yarmouth, flocks arrived. „ 18th. Weybourne (Norfolk), one seen. „ 20th & 29th. Yarmouth (one seen). „ 28th. Cresswoll Point (Northumberland), one seen. ,, 30th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), a small Hock of 20 coasting S. Nov. 2iid. Yarmouth, two seen. „ 1 llh. Nr. N. ]?erwick (Haddington), a flock of 8 seen, which remained through December. THE SWIPT {Cypselus apus). On the 25th of June an observer in Devonshire recorded a Mock of forty or lifty apparently on passage Swifts were reported from Fair Isle, Pentland Skerries, the JJult of 255 I^ewis, tlie Bell Rock and tlie Bass Rock lights in July. They were congregating in Suffolk on t!ie 17th of that month and numbers left Staffordshire during the last week. A single bird was killed at Sule Skerry Light (Orkney) on the 5th of August. Large numbers were passing south in Sufiblk on the 6th and 7th, a good many on the 0th, and a few on the 28th and 29tli. lu Oxford a large gathering took place on the 9th, but all had left by the 11th. Two small flocks were reported on passage in Radnor on the 9tli and 10th. By the middle of the month the greater number of Swifts had apparently left the country. The records for September were few and referred to stragglers or very small parties. The only reports for October came from Devonshire, where one was seen on thfe ord, and about a dozen on the 16th. Swifts were last seen in the Isle of Man, Radnor and Hampshire on the loth of August, in Oxford on the 11th, in Dorset on the 12th, in Cumberland, Carnarvon, Somerset and Gloucester on the 14th, in Kent on the 17th, in Cheshire on the 18th, in Staffordshire on the 19th, in Shropshire on the 20th, in Lancashire and Wiltshire on the 21st, in Suffolk on the 22nd and in Yorkshire on the 27th. THE NIGHTJAR {Cajn'itmtlc/us ewojxcm). Pentland Skerries (Orkney), passing. Tunbridge Wells (Kent), decrease ; Farnham (Surrey), last seen. Holkham (Norfolk), three arrived very tired. Bloxworth (Dorset), two seen. Limpsfield (Surrey), one seen. Oswestry (Shropshire), last seen. Mochum (Solway), passing. Langstone Harbour (Hants), one seen. „ 16th to 20th. Rhyl (Denbigh), one seen. „ 23rd. Ciliau Aeron (Cardigan), one caught. Nov. lOth to 13th. Dartmouth (Devon), one seen. THE WRYNECK (7//?2j- tortjuilla). Aug. 1st to 31st. Limpsfield (Surrey), seen daily; Tunbridge Welis (Kent), one daily. „ 17th. Suffolk coast, one passing. „ 22nd. Barcombe (Sussex), last seen. „ 25th. Dowles (Shropshire), last seen. „ 2Sth. Fair Isle (Shetland), one arrived. „ 30th. Near Peebles, one under telegraph wires. „ 31st. Tunbridge Wells, last seen. July 27th. Aug. 9th. V 19th. It 20th. Sept. 1st. j> 3id. » 9th. r» loth. 250 Sept. 1st to 18th. Bridport (Dorset), passing daily. „ 4th. Suffolk coast, oue shot. „ 19th. Bridport, last seen. THE KINGFISHER {^Alcedo isjnda). Movements towards the coast were recorded from Lancashire on the 18th of August and the KiTer Severn on the i!Oth of September. Five reached Langstone Harbom- (Hampshire) on the 29th of August and birds were apparently passing there throughout September, as the numbers varied considerably from day to day, as many as eight being seen on the 27th. By the 2nd of October the numbers had fallen to two and these seem to have remained as winter-residents. One or two were seen on the sea-coast in Northumberland during October. THE CUCKOO {Cucuhs canorus). June loth. Beith (Ayr), last seen. „ 19th. Corsomalzie (Wigtown), last adult seen. „ 20th to 25th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), several coasting S. „ 2(ith. Fair Isle (Shetland) and Deerness (Orkney), passing. July 3rd & Gth. Kirkhston (W. Lothian), passing. „ ()th. Farnham (Surrey), last heard. ,, 2oth. Largo (Fife), last adult seen. Aug. 6th. Tenterden (Kent), adult seen. „ 10th. Largo, young birds passing. „ 11th to 17th. Tunbridge Wells (Kent), some young birds left. Sept. 2nd. Oswestry (Shropshire), passing. „ 8th. Largo, young bird seen. „ loth. Oswestry, last seen. „ 18th. Herringfleet (Suilblk), one seen. „ 19th. Seaton (Devon), seen and heard. „ 28th. Eashing (Surrey), one shot. THE SHORT-EABED OWL {Asia accipitrinus). Stornoway (Outer Hebrides), one seen. Largo (Fife), one seen. Gorleston (Suffolk), some arrived. S.E. Suflblk coast, one seen. Cullercoats (Northumberland), hr.-^t arrival. Brampton (Cumberland), one seen. Tiree (Argyll), one seen. Girdler Lt.-v. (Kent), one flying S.W, at 8.20 a.m. j Ilollesley (Sulfulk), one seen. Aug. 11th. Sept. Ist & 4th, Oct. 2nd. uth. 8th. 12th. 14th. 16th. 2:U Oct. 18th. Yavmoutli (Norfolk), four seen. „ 18tli&19th. Fair Isle (Shetland^, cue seen. „ 20tli. Fair Isle, two. „ 28th, Dunbar (Haddington), one seen. ,, 2!Jth. Lowestoft (Suffolk), one arrived. Kov. 1st iV oth. Tiree, one seen. „ 2nd. North Cotes (Lincoln), one seen. „ lltlitol8th. Barra (Outer Hebrides), numbers. „ 21st. Sule Skerry (Orkney), one; Tetney (Lincoln), one. THE INIERLIN {Fako cesalon). A. Merlin was seen at the Pentland Skerries (Orknej-) on the 1st of August and small numbers were frequently recorded as passage-migrants between the 10th of September and the 6th of October at this station, at St. Kilda and the Flaunans (Outer Hebrides) and at the Isle of May (Fife). One was shot near Scarborough (Yorkshire) on the 21st of September, and single birds were seen at Bloxworth (Dorset) on the 1st of October, in Cardigan on the 2nd and 14th, at Felstead (Essex) on the 6th and 7th of November, and at Holy Isle (Norihumberlaud) on the 1 2th of December. THE KESTREL {Fako tmnunculus). Sept. 11th. E. Fife, an influx. " Oct'^llt *°1 ^^^^ of May (Fife), frequently seen. „ 20th. Noup Head Lt. (Orkney), one. " n "^^i^.^-u^ [ Fair Isle (Shetland), one or two freqnently seen. Oct. 7th to loth. Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), five or six alighted on ship. „ 28th. Bosham (Sussex), two passing high to S. Nuv. 8th & I LQ^e^toft (Suft'olk), one coasting S. Dec. 9th. I THE GANNET {Sulci bassana). Oct. 1st. Lowestoft (Suffolk), one caught. 3rd. Horsey (Norfolk), one picked up. 4th. Lowestoft, one found dying. IGth & 19th. Newbiggin (Northumberland), single birds flying S. 2oth. Scarborough (Yorkshire), one flying S. 28th. Falmouth (Cornwall), many seen. Nov. Oth. Helsby and Bowdon (Cheshire), two picked np. 23rd. Cullercoats (Northumberland), three flying N. 30th. Scarborough, one seen. 258 THE COMMON IlEROX (Arcka cinerea). Three Herons were seen to arrive from the E.N.E. at Tliorpe on the Suffolk coast at 8 a.m. on the 28th of September, and when put up continued their flight over the sea, at a good height in a soutlierly direction. On the 3rd of October a single bird coming from the west left the Suffolk coast at Lowestoft and flew out to sea due east. Between the 12th of July and the 31st of October migrant Herons were reported on many occasions from Storni)way and St. Kilda (Outer Hebrides), the Pentland Skerries, Noup Head and North lionaldsay (Orkney) and Fair Isle and North Un.st (Shetland). "GREY GEESE." July 3rd/4th. Lynehow (Cumberland), twenty passed from E, towards Solway, 8.20 p.m. „ 2oth/26th. Brampton (Cumberland), a flock flying N.E., 8.30 P.M. Au"-. (end). Stornoway (Outer Hebrides), flock of Grey Lags flying S. Sept. 6th. Stanwix (Cumberland), a flock flying S.E., 2.30 p.m. 11th. Nr. Tautallon (Haddington), oOO seen. 12lh. S.E. Suttblk coast, one Pink-foottd Goose shot, loth. Wigtown Bay, Grey Lags arrived. Kith. Luce Bay (Wigtown) and nr. Berwick (Haddington), flocks seen. 20th. Beattock (Dumfries), flying S. 22nd. St. Kilda, flock of 40 arrived at 7 a.m. 24th. Oakamoor (Staflordshire), a large flock of Bean- or I'iuk-footed Geese flying S. 2oth. Yorkshire Wolds, small flock arrived. Oct. 3rd. Silloth (Cumberland), flock of 40 seen. 4th. liockliffe Marsli (Solway), flrst J5ean-Goose arrived. 6th. llocklifle Marsh, increase of Bean-Geese. 8th & 9th. Fair Isle (Shetland), two Grey Lags seen. 11th. Brampton, two flocks of 20 and 35 Beau-Geese flying E. ; Bloxham (Oxford), flock flying S.S.W. 13th. Brampton, 35 Bean - Geese flying S. ; Knutsford (Cheshire), two Beau- or Pink-footed Geese flying N.E. Spurn Head (Yorksliire), five passing. Tiree (Argyll), large flocks of White-fronted Geese arrived. Drem (Haddington), 500 Pink-footed Geese passing. Aberlady (Haddington), Pink -footed Geesu very ])lentiliil. Nov. 1st. N. Uuel (Shetland), six seen. J> 14 th. » 26th. » 28th. Oct. to Dec. 2') 9 Nov. 2nd. Stornoway, flocks of Grcj' Lags flying S. „ 21st. Sldnbiirness (Solway), flock of 150 Grey Lags seen. „ 2ord. Lydiard Millicent (Wiltshire), 1(3 ? White-fronted Geese flying N.W. Dec. 1st. Stornoway, ilocks of Grey Lags flying S. THE MALLARD (Anas boscas). Sept. 16th to Isle of May (Fife), St. Kilda (Outer Hebrides), Dent- Nov. 20th. land Skerries, Sule Skerry and N. Ronald.-ay (Orkney) and Fair Isle (Shetland), small numbers seen at frequent intervals. „ 21st to 24th. N.W. Suflblk, considerable arrival. 24th. Irthling Valley (Cumberland), flock of 100 flying E. Oct, 7lh, Cullercoats (Northumberland coast), a flock flying S. at 8.45 A.M. „ 8th. N.W. Suffolk, increase. „ 13th. S. Yorkshire coast, a few arrived; N.W. Suflblk, further increase. „ loth. Cullercoats, a flock of 21 arrived from E. over the sea ; S. Yorkshire coast, two flocks flying S. „ 20th. S.E. Suffolk coast, very large numbers flying S. „ 28th. Cullercoats, three large flocks flying N. Nov. 3rd/4th. Chichester Harbour (Sussex), flrst migrants arrived. „ 11th. Cullercoats, two large flocks flying high to N. „ 12th. Packington Pools (Warwick), increase since October 29th. ,, 24th. Chichester Harbour, increase. THE WIGEON {Mareca 2)enelope). Aug. 1st. Morton Loch (N. Fife), two arrived. „ 5th. Cromarty Firth, six seen. „ 6th. Lowestoft (Suffolk;, flock of five arrived from N. and flewS. „ 19th. Luce Bay (Wigtown), flocks seen. Sept. 3rd. Lowestoft, a flock flying S. „ 13th. Cromarty Firth, 300-400 seen. „ 14th. Langness (Isle of Man), male seen, " O f Idih ( ^^^^ ^^^^ (Shetland), a few seen frequently. „ 24th. St. Kilda, male seen. „ 24th to 30th. Quorn (Leicester), small flocks arrived, Oct. 10th. St. Kilda, female seen. „ 13th & 23rd. Eden mouth (Fife), many. „ 17th. Lowestoft, a flock flying S. Oct. 20 th. Nov. 3rd. >» ir,th. >» 21st. 200 Wigtown Buy, tliousfinrl^. Chichester Harbour (Sussex), small numbers arrived. Chichester Harbour, increase. Tiree (Argyll), large numbers ; Yealm Estuary (Devonshire), 90 counted (arrived siiice October 24th). „ 26th. Poole (Dorset), large numbers seen; Knutaford (Che- shire), 12-14 seen. „ 26th. Bishop Loch, numbers. „ 27th. Yealm Estuary, increase (300). „ 30th. Chiciiester Harbour, increase. !I)ec. 1st. Enisworth (Hants and Sussex border) gradual assembly from 3 to 4.10 p.m., then rose, several iumdreds in number, and passed out to sea to S.E. ; very few seen after, THE TEAL (XettUm crecca). July 19th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), an arrival; l^reydon (Norfolk), a flock of 20. „ 3Lst. Fair Isle (Shetland), an increase. Aug. 17th. Beauly Firth, 200-300 seen. „ 17th to I Pentland Skerries, Fair Isle, St. Kilda and Isle of May Nov. 5th. I (Fife), frequent records of small numbers. „ 31st. S.E. Suilolk coast, flock of 20 arrived. Sept. loth & 16th. Countess "Wear (S. Devon), three seen. „ 28th. Pensford (Somerset), two seen, first arrivals. „ 28thto30ih. Quorn (Leicester), small flocks arrived. Oct. 14th. S. Yorkshire coast, one seen. ,, 28th. Countess Wear, one seen. Nov. 27tli. Cullercoats ( North uniberhmd coast), one flying N. Dec. 10th. Sule Skerry (Orkney), two seen. THE POCHARD {Fuliffulaferina). Aug. 1st. Moi-ton Loch (N. Fife), one arrived. „ 4th. Isle of May (Fife), one arrived. „ iJjtii. Balgray Dam (E. Renfrew), three seen. Sept. 2iid. Rostherne (Cheshire), four seen. „ 9th. Rostherne, increase, nine. ,, 1 1th. Linlithgow Loch, ten seen. ,, 24th. Ilemswortii Dam (Yorkshire), two seen. „ 24th to 30th. Quorn (Leicester), small tlocks arrived. Oct. 1st. Marburv Mere (Cheshire), one seen. 2ud i 21st. Fair Isle (Shetland), one seen. Ort. otli. >) 2Ulh. Nov. 3rd. )> 4tL )} ]2th. » liHh. >» 21st. >> 2(;th. Dec. 2'Jth. L'Hl Xr. Manchester (Lancashire), thirteen seen, Weyljourne (Norfolk), one seen. liiiililhgow Loch, increase, 260 seen. Bosham (Susse.x), small flock arrived. Packiugtun Pools (Warwick), 100 seen (arrived since October 29lh). Packington Pools, decrease. Tiree (Argyll), some seen. Poole (Dorset), ten seen. Fair Isle, one seen. THE TUETED DUCK {FuUyula cvistata). Sept. 24th. Hemsworth Dam (Yorlcshire), one seen. ,, 24th to 30th. Quorn (Leicester), small flocks arrived. Oct. 0th. Lerwick (Shetland), one seen. „ 29th. Packington Pools (Warwick), one seen. Nov. 11th. Cullercoats (Northumberland), one flying N. „ 12th. Packington Pools, increase (60). „ 14th. Sutton Coldtield (Warwick), two seen (had left on 16th). „ 21st. Tiree (Argyll), some seen. „ 26th. Poole (Dorset), one seen. THE GOLDEN EYE {Clamjida (jlauciou). Mnrbury Mere (Cheshire), one seen. Soulseat Loch (Wigtown), one seen. Powness (Solway), a small flock. Linlithgow Loch, four seen. lldStherne (Cheshire), one seen. Cullercoats (Northumberland), a flock flving S. Sutton Park (Warwick), one seen (arrived since 2.1rd). Sutton Park, increase, four seen, and stayed until November. Tiree (Argyll), some seen. Bishop Loch, nine seen. i'air Isle (Shetland), one seen. Quorn (Leicester), some seen. „ 3rd & 11th. Postherne, two seen. „ 26th. Marbury Mere, six seen. THE COMMON SCOTEPt {(Edeima nyra). Aug. 22nd. Aberlady (Haddington), twelve seen. Sept. 9th. Llandudno (Denbigh), hundreds. „ 19th. Dornoch Eirth, hundreds. Aug. 12th. Sept. 8th. Oct. 1st. >' 16th. >' 22nd. )> 26th. 3» 28th. » 29th. Nov. 21st. )> 26th. jf 28th. Dec. 2nd. » 24th. Oct. 1st. » 6th. » 7th. 5> 9th. » 13th. „ 27th. Nov. 2.1th. Dec. 10th. 2rr2 Sept. 23r(l. Dee mouth (Cheshire), two seen ; Girdler Lt.-v. (Thames), eleven flying- S.W., 11.30 a.m. CuUercoats (Northumberland), flock of 30 coasting S. Girdler Lt.-v., eight flying N.W. at 11 a.m. CuUercoats, hundreds flying N. CuUercoats, numbers flying N. all day. N. Somercotes (Lincoln), hundreds flying N. St. Andrews (Fife), enormous flocks seen. CuUercoats, flock of 50 flying N. Frensham (SuiTey), male seen. Scremerston (Northumberland), several seen. THE RING-DOVE {Columba jxdiunhus). Oct. 9th. Oalcamoor (Staflbrdshir*^), increase. ,, 18th. Caistor (Norfolk), one found on tide-mark. „ 29lh. Ilamptou-iu-Arden (Warwick), two flocks of "iOO each, first seen. Nov. early. Stnnton (Perthshire), " huge flights." „ ."jth. Kumsey (Hants), a flock flying E. „ 9th. Ilamptou-in-Arden, three flocks of about 2000, flying S.S.W, at 8 A.M. „ 11th. Newton Stewart (Wigtown), flock of 2000 seen. „ 12th k 19th. Ilampton-in-Arden, flock of 1000 seen. ,, l-lth. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), one seen. „ l.jth. TarbatnessLt. (E. lloss), onekilled at 9 P.M. ; IJomsey, several large flocks flying E. at 8 30 a.m. ; Countess Wear (Devon), flock of six, passing; near E.vmoutli (Devon) flock of 2000 passing. „ IGth & 17th. Ikickholt (W, Hants), very large flocks arrived. ,, 19th. Bere Regis (Dorset), many thousands seen, tired; very few on 18th. Dec. 16th. Cromer Lt. (Norfolk), enormous flock flying S. at 8 4.J A.M. „ 31st/Jan.lst. Vv''ould J^t.-v. (Norfolk), several at 10 p.m. It was reported that practically no migration was seen on the N.E. Liucolnshire coast in the autumn of 1911. Ring-Doves were reported as present in enormous numbers from September onwards in that part of Devonshire to the west of tlio Dart and south of Dartmoor ; in the rest of the county they were scarce. THE TURTLE-DOVE {Turtur communis). Aug. 22nd/23rd. St. Catherine's Lt. (Hants), many. „ 24th. Shrewsbury (Shropshire), la.-^t iiea'-d. ,, 2.'ith. Tonbridge (Kent), large flock seen. 263 All?. 2nt1i. narconibe (Sussex"), decrease. Sept. 1st Week. X.W. Sutlolk, majority left. „ 1st. .Sutton Coldtield (Warwick), one seen. „ '3rd. Bloxwortli (Dorset), a pair seen. „ 7tli & 19tli. St. Kilda, one seen. „ 8th. Bosbam (Sussex), two flyinjr E. „ loth. Bosbam, parties numbering 100 in all flying X. 3..j0 to 5.30 P.M. last seen. „ 18tb. Oswestry (Shropshire), three seen ; Sussex coast, thirty seen. „ 24tb to •2Qth. Felstead (Essex), many. „ 25tli 2(5tb. Hanois Lt. (Guernsey), one. „ i?7th. Lerwick (Shetland), one seen, „ 29tb. Hayling Island (Hants), one seen. ,, 30th. Felstead, all gone : nr. Falmouth (Cornwall), one seen, Oct. 3rd. Scarborough (^Yorkshire), one shot. THE LAND-RAIL (Crexprafcusls). End of .July. Oakamoor (Staffordshire), local birds left. Aug. 10th. Bass Rock (Forth), one found dead; Yarmouth (Nor- folk), one under telegraph-wires. ,, 11th. Oswe.stry (Shropshire), one or two seen daily about that date. „ 20th '21st. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), twenty seen, twelve killed. „ 29th. Yarmouth, one found dead. Sept. 1st. N. Cotes (Lincoln), six seen. „ oth. Brede (Sussex), one, passing. „ 6th. Langstoue Harbour (Hants), one, passing. „ 8th. Oakamoor, one passing ; Langstone, one. „ llih. Ciliau Aeron (Cardigan), one seen; Oswestry, last seen. „ ]3th. Fair Isle (Shetland), noted. Oct. 3rd. Ruston (Norfolk), seven seen. „ 8th & 13Lh. Storuoway (Outer Hebrides), noted. „ 19th. North Ronaldsay (Orkney), noted. Dec. 22nd. Camerton (W. Cumberland), one killed. THE WATER-RAIL {Eallus aquaficus) Aug. oth. Ciliau Aeron (Cardigan), one shot. „ 20th/21.st. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), twelve; S. Bishop Lt. (Pembroke), one. Oct. 3rd. Yarmouth (Norfolk), one found dead. ,, 9th. S. Y'orkshire coast, one seen. 2G4 Oct. 10th. N.E. Lincolnshire coast, one seen. „ 17tli/18th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), two. „ 18th/19tli. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one ; Bardsey Lt., six; S, Bishop Lt., one. „ 20th/21st. Little Ross Lt. (Kirkcudbright), one. „ 21st. Countess Wear (Devon), one seen, tired. „ 29th/30th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. (4o miles E. by X. from the mouth of the Thames), several. Nov. 8th. Isle of May (Fife), one. "?S;(J?S,f} Skerries Lt, one. „ 21flt &;>Otli. Langstone Harbour (Sussex), one seen. „ 21st/22nd. S. Bishop Lt., two. „ 24th. Tiree (Argyll), one seen. „ 26th/27th. Lynmouth Foreland Lt. (N. Devon), one. Dec. 7th. Sule Skerry (Orkney), one. „ 14:th/15th. Skerries Lt., one. THE RINGED PLOVER {.Eijialitis hiaticola). July 2.jth. Breydon (Norfolk), some arrived. „ 30th. Largo Bay (Fife), large numbers. Aug. 3rdtD 10th. Cheshire, passing. „ oth. Breydon, some arrived. „ 5th/Gth. Suffolk, many passing at midnight. „ 8th. Breydon, many arrived. „ 12th. Suffolk coast, many passing south. „ 19th. Sule Skerry (Orkney), passing. „ 20th. Breydon, many arrived. „ 26th & 27th. Balgray Dam (Clyde), twenty. ,, 29th. Hants coast, small flocks passing. Sept. 1st & 2nd. Hants coast, large numbers ])assing. „ 3rd to 30th. Hants coast, small numbers passing. „ 23rd. Hants coast, about thirty. ,, 24th. Sussex coast, passing. Oct. l>t. Suffolk coast, one passing. „ 29th. Sussex coast, nine passing. Nov. 29th & 30th. Hants coast, large numbers. THE GOLDEN PLOVER {Chamihius phiviali^). The first record of a migratory movement came from North Ronaldsny (Orkney), where arrivals were noted on tiie 30th of June. Furtlier arrivals at tfie same point took place on tlie 4th of July and at the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides) between tlie 22nd and 20th, wliih' ii large flock was reported at Stniimway on the 31jst. In August, a flock 2(;r) of about fifty was noted in Nortluuiiberland on the 19th, some were lieard passing over tlie town of Shrewsbury on the nights of the 19th and 20th, and passing birds were observed at Kirlvwall (Orkney) on the 26th and in Cumberland on tlie 27th. On the SOth and 31st numbers arrived in Cheshire. At the Butt of Lewis Light some were seen at the lantern at 11 p.m. on the ISth. In September, Golden Plovers were heard at St. Kilda on the Srd, a flock of twenty was seen on the 8th and other arrivals were noted on the 21st, 28th and SOth. From Balgray Dam (Clyde) about three liundred were reported on the 24th and a large flock was seen in York- shire on the following day. On the 8th a flock of about a hundred arrived on the N.E. coast of Lincolnshire from over the sea, and about fifty were observed on the shore at the same place on the 12th. In Chesliire an observer reported numbers in his district throughout the month. In October, arrivals were recorded at St. Kilda on the 2nd, 4th and Gth, they Avere abundant at North Unst (Shetland) on the loth and in large flocks at Ueerness (Orkney) on the 19th. In Tiree (Argyll) there were large numbers between the 5th and 8th and again on the 24th. In Yorkshire considerable numbers were noted going (apparently) to the east at 9 r.M. on the 13th and 14tli, and on the 3rd large numbers were reported from Norfolk. In Essex a few were observed going south-east on the Gth, about two hundred in the same direction on the 19tli and stragglers to the north and north-east all through the day on the 22nd. The only light-record for October was one at the Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) on the 16th/17th. In November, small numbers were noted oYi passage at Fair Isle (Shetland) up to the loth and great numbers at the East Neuk of Fife on the 21&t. In Cheshire a great increase in numbers took place on the 13th, about three hundred were observed in Devon on the 7th and large numbers axTived in Kent between the 20th and 26th, and again on the 27th. In Essex flocks of varying size occurred throughout the month, and large numbers all through December. THE GREY PLOVER {Squatarola hehetica). July 17th. Brampton (Cumberland), two flying W. „ 20th. Brampton, one flying W. ,, 28th/29th. St. Leonards-on-Sea (Sussex), flock flyma' E. at 11. .55 p. jr. Aug. 18th/] 9th. York, flock passing, 10 p.m. Sept. 13th. Fairlie (Ayr), two seen. „ 25th. Fairlie, six seen. „ 26th. Aberlady (Haddington), three seen. 2{^G Oct. 4tli & (ith. Yiiruiouth (Norfolk), liocks arrived. ,, 6th to 10th. S. Yorkshire coast, m.any seen, no uiarlced movement. ,, 7th. Brampton, a ilock flying E. „ 9th/10tli. Anvil Point Lt. (Dorset), one. „ 13th/14tli. York, a large flock flying W. at 9 P.M. ,, 15th. Largo Bay (Fife), one arrived; Cambridge, one pass- ing 6.30 P.M. ,, 17th. Balcomie (E. Fife), two arrived. „ 23rd. Eden mouth (Fife), twelve arrived. ,, 28tli. Cresswell (iVorthumberland coast), several seen, ,, 29th. IJttleharapton (Sussex), one seen. „ .'iOth. Selsey Bill (Sussex), flock of 14 flying S. THE LAPWING (Vojiellus nil(/ans). The light-keeper at Bardsey (Carnarvon) reported that several Lap- v/ings had arrived on the island by the 30th of July, and an observer in Y'orkshire recorded a large arrival on the 21st of August. On the 10th of September migration began to be noticed in the northern isles and on the coasts of Scotland, and was recorded from Fair Isle, Sule Skerry, the Pentland Skerries, the Butt of Lewis and Tarbatness, all through September and October and up to the 17th of November. On the loth and 20th of September a few Lapwings were seen going north-west on the Lincolnshire coast. In Suffolk large flocks were noted on the coast on the 10th and 21st and some arrived there from the south-east on the 23rd and 2oth, while on the latter date a flock was observed to fly out to sea in an easterly direction and return to the shore again. A flock of about a hundred arrived in Devonshire on the 10th and arrivals took place in Kent on the 28th. The only liglit-record for September was of several flying south past the Outer Dowsing Light-vessel (Lincolnshire) on the 24th/2oth. Migration was brisk in October ; a largo flock from the soutli arrived in Northumberland on the 8th, and arrivals on the south coast of Yorkshire took place between the 0th and the 16th, many came in from the sea about noon on tiic Stli and a number of apparently fresh arrivals were seen there on the 2olh. On the N.E. Lincolnshire coast a few flocks were seen going north-west on the otli and on the SuHblk coast some were noted to the west on the 19th. On the Sussex coast there was an increase on the 12th and an arrival of great numbers on the 24th, all of which had passed on by the following day, and a fiii-tlier large arrival look place on the night of the 31st. 'J'he arrivals in Kent reported on the 28th of September had all gone by the 3rd of October. The following were the light-records during October: — Little Boss Light (Kirkcud- brjghO, numbers from 8 p.m. to midnight on the lOlh ; Morecambe i'ay Light-vessel (liancasbire). two on the U!tli;17th; Outer Dowsing 267 Light-vessel (Lincolnshire), several to tlie west at 8 p.m. on the 16th/17th; Inner Dowsing Light-vessel (Tincolnshire), large flocks to the east from 10 r.M. to midnight on the 24tli/2-Jtli ; Cromer Light (Norfolk), numhers on the 16th/17th and 30th/31st. In November flocks of Lapwings were observed coming in from the east on the coast of SuflTolk on the 11th and some passing birds were seen there on the 22nd and 2.3rd. A flock of upwards of a hundred arrived in Devon on the 7th, and great numbers in Kent on the night of the 27th. A large flock arrived from the north-east on the Sussex coast at 10.40 A.M. on the 1st and passed on during the next two days. An in- crease in the same county took place from the 20th to the 24th, Ln-ge numbers leaving again on the afternoon of the latter date, while a further increase was noted on the 28th and a decrease on the .30tli. Tiie light-records for November were as follows : — Isle of INFav Light (Fife), numbers from 8 p.m. to daylight on the l.")th/16th ; Cromer Light, numbers on the 26th/27th and 27th/28th ; South Bishop Lig-ht (Pembroke), heard passing west on the 21st/22nd ; Hanois Light (Guernsey), ten or twelve on the 22ud/23rd, a few on the 23rd/24th, twenty or thirty on the 24th/2oth, a flock of twenty-four flying from west to east at 5 a.m. on the 2.5th, and six or seven on the 25th/2Gtli. In December a great increase in numbers took place in Cheshire on the 29th. On the Sussex coast large numbers arrived and immediately left to the south-east on the 1st, a further decrease was recorded on the 9th, when a large flock departed in the same direction, and by the following day all the birds had left, their lines of flight being to the south and south-east. THE TUENSTOXE {Strepsilas interpres). July 3rd & 19th. Largo Bay (Fife), "seen." „ 19th. Pentland Slierries (Orkney), some ari'ived, ,, 31st. N. Ronaldsay (Orkney), small fl(jck arrived. Aug. 6th. Lune mouth (Lancashire), already present in small parties, no change up to 28th. „ 8th. Breydon (Norfolk), some arrived. „ 9th. Llanfairfechan (Carnarvon), a few arrived. ,, 11th. Skerry vore (Inner Hebrides), several arrived; Llan- fairfechan,increase ;Portuiahomack(E. Ross), numbers. „ 12th. Burnham Market (Norfolk), small numbers arrived. „ 13th. Balgray Dam (E. Renfrew), one arrived. „ 14th. Balcomie (E. Fife), very large flock. „ 17th & 25th. Fair Isle (Shetland), arrivals. „ 18th & 19th. Gigha (Argyll), a few seen, ,, 19th. Balgray Dam, two seen. „ 21st. Gig-ha, increase. 208 Aug. 21st/22nd. St. Catherine's Lt. (Hants), several. „ 25th to 31st. Treartldiir Bay (Anglese}-), many seen. • „ 26th. Largo Bay, many ; Breydon, some arrived. „ 26th to 29th. Gigha, further increase. ,, 29th/30th. Bishop Bock Lt. (Scilly Isles), four. Sept. 1st to 7th Luce Bay (Wigtown), numbers. ,, 2nd. N. Somercotes (Lincolnshire), four arrived ; Scar- borough (Yorkshire), five seen. „ utb. Somercotes, increase. „ Gth. Langstone Harbour (Hants), flock of 12 arrived. „ 8th. Langstone Harbour, all gone. ,, 23rd. Dee moutli (Cheshire), many small flocks seen. „ 27th. Langstone Harbour, five, passing. Oct. Gth to IGth. S. Yorkshire coast, many seen. „ 8th. Castletown (Isle of Man), ten seen. „ 28th. Falmouth (Cornwall), twelve seen. THE OY'STEB-CATCHER [Ilamatopus ostrale(ius). Largo Bay (Fife), large flocks. Wooler (Northumberland), one arrived. Norfolk coast, one flying W. Wooler, increase. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), several. Eden mouth (Fife), large flocks. N. Norfolk coast, several flying W. Exe Estuary (Devonshire), twenty-five arrived. Exe Estuary, decrease, two seen. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), sixteen arrived. Sule Skerry (Orkney), departure noted. „ 22nd/23rd. Lancashire coast, several caught in flight-nets. „ 23rd. Dee Estuary (Cheshire), many hundreds. THE WOODCOCK {Scolopax rusticola). Oct. 3rd. Tiree (Argyll), arrivals ; Northumberland, three ; Suflblk coast, one arrived. „ 4th/oth. Whaisay Skerries T^t. (Shetland), one at 3 a.m. „ uth. St. KiUla, several arrived ; Y'orkshire coast, one shot. „ 0th. Jiowness (Sohvay), one. „ 9th. Norfolk coast, one. ,, 9th to 16th. Yorkshire (south coast), several arrived. „ lOtli. N.K. Lincolnshire coast, one arrived. July 30th & Aug. 10th. » 4ih. » 13th. »> 16th. » 20th/21st. J' 21st. >> 31st. Sept. 5th. ,, 9th. » 17th. M 20th. 269 Oct. IGth. . Siiilblk coast, two arrived. „ 16th/17tb. Spuru Head Lt. (Yorkshire), ten. „ 17th. Devon, one. ,, 18th. Isle of May (Fife), several; Suffolk coast, two. „ 18th/19tb. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), two. ,, 19th. Sutlblk coast, one. „ 20th & 21st. Isle of May, many. „ 21st. Sule Skerry (Orkney), one. „ 23rd/24th. Butt of Lewis Lt. (Outer Hebrides) and Tarbatness Lt. (E. Ross), some. „ 27th. Bardsey Lt., some on the island. „ 28th. Cornwall (south coast), four ; Staffordshire, two seen; N.E. Lincolnshire coast, two arrived ; Hants, one seen. „ 29th/30th. Outer Gabbard Lt.-v. (Suffolk), six. „ 31st. Essex, one seen. Nov. 3rd. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), some. ,, 9th. Stornoway (Outer Hebrides), some. „ 12th to 18th. Tiree, some seen. ,, IGth. Essex, one. ,, 16th/17th. Bardsey Lt., one. ,, 18th. Mugdock (Stirling), many. „ 20th/21st. Winterton Lt. (Norfolk), one. ,, 20th to 30th. Stornoway, many. „ 26th. Suffulk, one under telegraph-wires. THE COMMON SNIPE {GalUnago cwlestis). First arrivals of the Snipe were noted on Fair Isle (Shetland) on the 4th of August. A good many arrived on the coast of Suffolk between the 20th and 2J:th of September and again on the 29th, while small arrivals were also recorded at Fair Isle and St. Kilda between the 24tli and the 4th of October. Numbers were reported at St. Kilda oa the 4th and 6th, great numbers at Fair Isle on the 8th and 14th and many at the Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides) on the 24th. At Nortn Uust (Shetland) and Cairnsmore (Kircudbright) large arrivals took place on the loth, the birds at both places passing on on the following day. On Tiree (Argyll) Snipes were abundant between the 5th and 8th and numbers arrived in Northumberland on the 26th and 27th, and in Devonshire on the 13th. There were also arrivals on the Suffolk coast on the 4th. The light-records in October were : — Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), four on the 18tli/19th and four on the 27th/28th ; Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Suffolk), six on the 31st/lst Nov. In November about twenty were reported from Sule Skerry (Orkney) on the 23rd, great numbers at the Butt of Lewis on the 26th and at 270 Stornoway between tlie 20tli aud 30tb. In Suffolk some arrived on the coast on the 20th, and large numbers on the 2oth and 28th. 'i'he iirst marked arrival of Snipe in Sussex was noted on the 2lst. The only light-record for iSovember was of a single bird killed at Haisboro' Light-vessel (Norfolk; on Ihe 21st/22nd. THE JACK SNII'E {GulUnarjo rjalUnula). Sept. 19th/20th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v., a few (one killed). „ 30th. Tiree (Argyll), first seen. Oct. ]st/2nd. Bardsey Lt. (Carnarvon), two. ,, 2nd. Ciliau Aeron (Cardigan), first seen. „ 4th. Fair Isle (Shetland), first seen. ,, otli to 8th. Tiree, abundant. ,, 7tb. Stowton (Lincolnshire), first seen. „ 7th/8th. Skerries Lt. (Anglesey), two. ,, 8th. Fair Isle, large numbers. „ 11th. Tetney (Lincolnshire), a few. „ 13th. Stornoway (Outer Hebrides), first seen. ., 18th to 31st. Fair Isle, frcquentlj' seen. „ 19th/20th,) ^,_ ^ ^ (Shetland), a few. 20th/21st. I ^ ^' 2Utli. Starcross (S. Devonshire), first seen. Inov. 7tli. Tetney, large increase. „ 8th. Fair Isle, one. ,, 11th. Eden Valley (Cumberland), first seen. „ 16ih/17th. Bardsey Lt., two. THE DUXLIX {Triiuja alpina). The migratory movement began in the latter part of July, arrivals being noted on Breydon (Norfolk) on the 20th and 2oth, while an increase took place there on the oth of August and a further increase on the 8th. Many were seen on the Isle of Man on the 1st of August, a large flock on the 14th and loth, and very large numbers on the 10th. Dunlins were very numerous in Lancashire between the (Hh aud 21st. A few birds in breeding-plumage were sei n in Carnarvon between the 1st and Oth, and a very large arrival (of both old aud young) took place tliere on the 11th. In Suffolk several were recorded on the 5th, on the following day a large flock (adult and immature) arrived, and many more on the 15th. Three flocks were passing on the coast of Hampshire on the 29th. In September large flocks were going north on the "^'ork^liirj coast on the 15th, and in IIami)sliire several tlocks were observed on the 1st; lliese had all gone ajjain by the Olli, and further small arrivals took their place on the 13lh and i5th, ])assing on on the 22nd. Puulin^; were 271 reported as beiiip- very abundant on the soutli coast of Yorksliire between the 6th and. 16th of October, and in enormous flocks at Edenmouth (Fife) on the 13lh and 23rd. In November stragglers were noted at St. Kilda on the 5th, 9th and 10th, and some on passage on the SutFoIk coast on the 24th, on which date a flock of about sixty was observed on the coast of Hampshire, their numbers being increased to two or three hundred on the 28th. Tlie light-records in November were : — Bardsey Light (Carnarvon), two on the 20th/21st; Portland Bill Light, one on the 20th/21st Little Ross Light (Kirkcudbright), three or four on the 28th. There were large arrivals on the Suffolk coast on the 5th of December and two were seen and one killed at the Skerries Light (Anglesey) or the 22nd/23rd. THE CURLEW-SANDPIPEE {Trin>ja suharquata). Aug. 8th. Breydon (Norfolk), some arrived. ,, 20tli. Breydon, several arrived. „ 26th. Balgray Dam (E. Renfrew), three or four. ,, 27th. Balgray Dam, six. ,, 31st. Aberlady (Haddington), four. Sept. 1st. Langstone Harbour (Hants), several; Moray Firth, thi'ee. ,, 3rd. Balgray Dam, one. „ 6th & 8th. Langstone Harbour, none. „ 13th. Langstone Harbour, five. „ 15th. Langstone Harbour, eight. „ 18th. Kingsbridge (S. Devon), flock of twenty. „ 22nd. Langstone Harbour, none. ,, 23rd. Dee mouth (Cheshire), one. „ 24th. Dee mouth, twelve. 24th, 25th & 30th. Balgray Dam, nineteen. Oct. 7th. S. Yorkshire coast, first seen. ,, 8th to 16th. S. Yorkshire coast, several parties. THE KNOT ( Trinya canutus\ Aug. 5th. Abei'lady (Haddington), a small flock. „ 8th. Breydon (Norfolk), several arrived. „ 15th. Dornoch Firth, forty. „ 16th. Aberlady, many ; Beauly Firth, forty to fifty. ,, 17th to 20th. Balgray Dam (E. Renfrew), twenty-four. ]!^thto25th. F'air Isle (Shetland), small parties arrived. 22nd. Balgrav Dam, two. Aug. 2fith. Largo Bay (Fife), small parties arrived. „ 27th, Balgray Dam, three only. „ 29th. Tiree (Argyll), arrivals. ,, 30th/31st. Tunbridge Wells (Kent), heard passing at 10.30 P.M. ,, 31st. Marbury Mere (Cheshire), one seen. Sept. 2nd. N. H. Lincolnshire coast, small flocks arrived. „ 2nd, 7th & ( . , ' (^ Si. Kilda, arrivals. „ 3rd. Dee mouth (Cheshire), large flock of 1000. ,, 5th. Topsham (S. Devon), four arrived. ,, 9th. . N.E. Lincolnshire coast, increase ; Topsham, increase. „ 22iid. Langstone Harbour (Hants), eleven arrived (gone on 26th). „ 22nd/23rd. Lancashire coast, twenty to thirty caught in flight- nets. „ 23rd. Dee mouth (Cheshire), many hundreds. „ 24th. Balgray Dam, ten. Oct. Gth to 16th. S. Yorkshire coast, small parties seen; no indication of migration. „ loth & 16th. Cullercoats (Xortliumberland), twenty flying S. „ 18th. Weybourne (XorfolU), some seen. „ 19th/20th. Spurn Head Lt. (Yorkshire), one. ,. 29th. Liverpool Bay (Lancashire), 3000 or more. Dec.31s/Jan.lst. Would Lt.-v. (Norfolk), a flock at 10 p.m. THE SANDERLING (CaHdris arenaria). Sanderlings were first seen on the 19th of July on the Fifeshire coast, whence they were recorded in unusual numbers at frequent intervals up to the oth of September. In August arrivals took place on the coast of the Isle of Man on the 1st, in Dornoch Firth on the 7th and loth, at Fair Isle on the 9th and subsequent dates, on the north coast of Norfolk daily fnmi the 12th, on the Fifeshire coast on the 21st, in Haddington on the 26th and at Aberdeen on the 27th. In October single birds were seen at Lowestoft (Suffolk) on the 1st, three on the Haddington coast on the 2nd, and on the Fifeshire coast on the 14th and 23rd. One was si;en in Fair Isle on the 14lh of November, three or four at St. Andrews (Fife) on the 19th of December, and a small flock at Aberlady (Haddington) on the 2.5lh. THE COMMON SANDPIPER [Tolanm hypokucus). June 24th. Devon, one passinyr. July 1st. Cromarty Firth, an arrival. ,. 3rd. Largo Buy (Fife), an arrival ; Devon, one. 27:5 July 7tli. Largo I5ay, a miinber arrived; passage coiitluued until the 24tli of August. ,, 10th. Tble of Man, two on the coast. „ ]lth. Devon, live. ,. 23rd. Isle of Man, a few on the coast. ,, 28th. Devon, about a dozen. „ 29th. Lancashire, migrants arrived. „ 30th. Pentland Skerries (Orkney), one passing. " „^ , . (• Fair Isle (Shetland), small numbers passiii';-. 29ih Aug. I ^ ' r D Aug. 2nd. Hants, passing at night. „ Gth & 7th. Surrey, two or three passing. „ Gth to 24th. Lancashire, passing Hocks, chiefly between the I2th and 14th. „ 8th to 14th. Carnarvon, a few passing. „ 10th. Kent, one passing at 9 p.ji. „ 11th. Kent, one passing. „ 12th. Yorkshire, arriving singly and in small parties; Dorset, some heard passing after dark. „ 13th. Shropshire, heard passing at 9 p.m. „ 20th. Carnarvon, a few. „ 27th. Balgray Dam (Clyde), a few. „ 29th. Hants coast, small parties arrived, Sept. 2nd&6ih. St. Kilda, one, „ 7th. Flanuan Isles (Outer Hebrides), two ; Devon, several. „ 22ud. Isle of Man, three or four. Oct. 11th. Devon, one. THE GREEN SANDPIPER {Totanus ochropus). Green Sandpipers were reported from Surrey on the 27th of July, from Largo Bay (Fife) and the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 3Uth, and from Fair Isle on the 31st and the first live days of August. One was shot in S, Harris (Outer Hebrides) on the 3rd of August, and one or two were seen in Dumfriesshire on the 8th and iuE, Renfrew from the Gth to the 13th. Several arrived in the north of Norfolk on the 11th, their numbers increasing during the remainder of the month. Single birds were seen in Yorkshire on the 14th, in N,W. Suffolk on the loth and in Lanarkshire on the 16th, two in Cumberland on the 22nd and three in Wiltshire on the 28th, on which date one was heard passing- over Morningside at 10 p.m. In September, three were recorded from the Flannans (Outer Hebrides) on the 1st, two were passing in Cheshire on the 2nd and in N.W, Suffolk on the Gth, and another at the Flannans on the 7th; other single birds were seen in N.W. Suffolk on the 11th, in Cheshire 2U on the 9tli, 17th and 2Sth, and at Gladhouso Reservoir (Forth) on the 18th, while two reached the Hampshire coast on the 21st. Single birds were afterwards recorded from Cheshire on the 1st of October and the 26th of December and from Somerset on the 5th of October. THE REDSHANK {Totanus culidris). Movements of this species commenced at tlie end of July ; two flocks, the first seen, arrived at Langstone Harbour (Hampshire) from the east on the evenings of the 19th and I'Oth ; an increase was noted on the Exe (S. Devon) on the 28th, large flocks were seen on the Fifeshire coast on the 30th, and single birds came to the lantern of Chicken Rock Light (Isle of Man) on the 29th/30th and to Little Ross Light (Kirkcud- bright) on the following night. In August passing birds were noted in Surrey on the Cth, 7th and 8tli, lai-ge flocks arrived at Breydon (Norfolk) on the 5th and at Stornoway (Outer Hebrides) on the 9th, and some were seen at the lantern of the Butt of Lewis Light (Outer Hebrides) on the night of the 18th. During the latter half of the month they were seen in unusually large numbers on the coasts of Anglesey, Carnarvon and Flintshire ; passing birds were seen in Warwickshire on the 24th and 25th, a farther increase was noticed on the Exe on the 24th and 29th and on the Hampshire coast on the latter date. Throughout September the arrival of fresh birds and their departure was recorded on the coasts of Devon and Hampshire. In the former a considerable arrival took place on the 5th and a great diminution between the 9th and 16th, after which the numbers seen were uuim- portant. On the Hampshire coast numbers were passing on the 1st, and but few were seen between the 0th and 15th ; between the 21st and 2(3th, however, the numbers gradually rose, and most of the birds left on the following day. On the 10th two Redshanks were seen on St. Kilda. The only records for October were one of a large flock seen on the Exe on the 13th and one of a night-pass;igo heard at Lowestoft (Sullblk) on the 15th/ IGth. At the end of November (28lh to 30th) a large iuci'ease took place on the Hampshire coast. THE aREENSHANK {Totcmus canescens). July 23rd. Harelaw Dam, one seen. „ 29th. Largo Bay (Fife), one seen. „ 30th. Largo Bay, ten seen. Aug. 1st. Largo Bay and Cromarty Firth, "■ noted." „ 10th to I „ ,,.. ^ . ,.T ,. , , f E- I'l'e, frequentlv seen. Nov. 24th. ' 14th. ( 'r'Uiiarty Firth, sei'H. 275 Aug. ITtli. Luce Bay (Wigtown), seen. ,, 18th. Sillotli (Ciimberhmd), two seeu. ,. 19tb. iJalgray Dam (R. Uenfrew), one or two. „ 26th. Luce Bay, several; Flannans (Outer Ilcbnde*), two seeu ; Breydon (Norfolk), some arrived. Sept. 4th. Beverley (Yorkshire), one seen. „ 9th & lOtli. R. Exe (S. Devon), four seen. ,, 12th. Grainthorpe (Lincoln), three or four seen. „ 24 th, -j Oct. 1st, 8th > Balgray Dam, one or two. & 15th. J Oct, 21st. Aberlady (Haddington), two seen. Nov. 10th. Dunbar (Haddington), one seen. Dec. 0th & lOch. Cromarty Firth, one seen. „ 8th. Dalmeny (Linlithgow), one seen. „ 22nd. J^argo Bay, one seeu. „ 2oth. Gullaue (Haddington), one seen. ,, 27th. Aberlady, one seen. „ «30th. Cromarty Firth, one seen. THE CURLEW (NHnienms arquata). Large numbers of Curlews wei-e seen at Stornoway (Outer Hebrides) on the 2'jth of June. In July flocks were reported at the Butt of Lewis (Outer IIebride>) from the 22nd to the 26th, large numbers at Stornoway on the 20th, u few arrivals at the Pentland Skerries (Orkney) on the 21st and large numbers at Largo Bay (Fife) on the 30th. On the .English coast Curlews were observed on passage in Cumberland from the 10th to the loth, from the 16th to the 21st a steady stream was passing day and night to the south-south-west, after which a decrease in numbers was apparent up to the 31st. On the Norfolk coast arrivals took place on the 20th and 2oth, on the coast of Suffolk some were passing at night on the 29th and 30th, and a large flock arrived on the Sussex coast from the east on the 24th. Several Curlews were obseived at Bardsey Island (Carnarvon) on the 30th. In August passing flocks were reported from Skerry vore on the 14th and some were going west over Mull (Argyll) from the 10th to the 12th. In Anglesey a large southward movement took place from 4.80 to 5.30 A.M. on the 3 1st. A few were noted on the Norfolk coast between the 1st and 9th and increased numbers on the 10th. Throughout the month small numbers were observed in Cumberland. The light-records in August were: — Chicken Rock (Isle of Man), seven flying south at 2.30 P.M. on the 9th ; Butt of Lewis Light (Outer Hebrides), a few at 11 P.M. on the 18th; and Kentish Knock Light-vessel (Essex), a few flying north-west at 11 P.M. on the 26th/27th, 27G In September a small flock was passing in Cheshire on the 9th and moderate numbers on the 23rd. Large lloclis amounting to five or six hundred birds arrived on the estuary of the Exe (S. Devonshire) about 6 P.M. on the 9th and after flying about in a restless maimer for a short time the greater portion left again flying high in the air in a south-easterly direction ; on the following day about a hundred and fifty arrived and behaved in a similar manner. The only light-record in September was of six birds going south-west at O..30 p.m. on the 4th past the English and Welsh Grounds Light-vessel (Bristol Channel). In October small numbers were reported as arriving on the south coast of Yorkshire from the north-east between the 6th and 16th, and on the 9th a large flock flew out to sea, shaping its course due east, from the mouth of the Ilumber. In Suffolk some were passing on the coast at night on the loth. In November Curlews were again observed on passage on the Suflfolk coast from the 22nd to the 26th. In Hampshire a marked increase in numbers was noted on the 21st, the birds passing on on the 2-lth, and jresh arrivals appeared between the 28th and oOth. The light-records were : — Isle of .May Light, some at the lantern on the loth of November ; South Bishop Light (Pembroke), heard passing on the 20th/21st; Outer Gabbard Light-vessel (Sufiblk), four flying west-north-west on the 21st/22nd. A steady increase in numbers was observed on the coast of Hampshire from the 20th to the 27th of December. THE WHIMBREL {Numenius phceopus). Juno Fair Isle (Shetland), one or two remained to the 19th of July. July 8th. Breydon (Norfolk), some. „ 19th. Largo Bay (Fife), two; Breydon, several. „ 22ud to 26th. Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), some noted. „ 2oth. Breydon, increase. Aug. 1st. Sullolk, one passing on the coast. „ 2nd. Isle of Man, one. „ 5th & 8th. Breydon, further increase. „ 10th. Kent, one. „ l.'jtli. Cumberland, one. „ 20th. Brc^'dou, decrease. „ 22nci. Kent, one or two. „ 23rd. Cornwall, large flock to the S.W. at 10.30 p.m. „ 20th. Breydon, some ; Sullolk, one passing on the coast. Sept. 3rd. Suffolk, one to the S.W. „ 5th. Devon, six. „ 9th. Devon, ten. Sept. 14th. » 23rd. Oct. 7th. » 14th. i» 18th. Nov. 2oth. )) 29th. Dec. 7th, 8th, 18th & 23rd. ft 2Gth. 277 Isle of Man, one or two. Cheshire, moderate numbers. Cheshire, a passing flock. Aberlad}^ Eay (Haddington), one. Largo Bay, one. North Berwick (Haddington), one. Fair Isle, one or two. [ Fair Isle, one or two. Aberlady Bay, one shot. THE COMMON TERN {Sterna JluviatiUs). Common Terns began to pass south along the Suffolk coast at the beginning of August, flocks being noted on the 3rd, 7th, ]5th, 23rd, 25th and 31st, and on the 2nd of September. The local-bred birds in the south-east of the county apparently began to leave on the loth of August and the last bird was recorded on that coast on the 20tb of September, though the passage on the Yorkshire coast did not end until the 26tli of September. About fifty came to the lantern of Dungeuess Light (Kent) on the night of tbe 23rd. Many were flying south past the Isle of May (Fife) on the 9th of September and a few on the 11th and 15th. Stragglers were noted on the Northumberland coast on the 30th, at Blackness (Linlithgow) on the 1st of October, in N.W. Suffolk on the 3rd, in S.E. Suffolk on the 11th and at St. Mary's Island (Northumberland) on the 27tli. On the west coast several parties were seen on the Lancashire coast from the 6th of August to the 21st and the southward passage commenced about the 27th, small numbers being taken iu the flight-nets on the shores of Morecambe Bay between that date and the first week of September. A single bird was shot near Shrewsbury on the 18th of September, several were seen in Luce Bay (Wigtown) on the 21st and a good many were still present at the mouth of the Dee (Cheshire) on the 23rd. In the early morning of the 25th of September large flocks were seen moving steadily south between Ushant and the mainland of France. THE AIICTIC TERN {Sterna macrnra). Aug. 1st to 8th. Llanfairfechan (Carnarvon), one or two daily. ,, 7th. Sule Skerry (Orkney), decrease. „ 9th to 21st. Llanfairfechan, very numerous. „ 22nd. "Whalsay Skerries (Shetland), departure. '^9th I o '' "91' [ Lerwick (Shetland), passing at night. „ 3rd. Sule Skerry, last seen. 278 Sept. 7tb. Dalmeny (Linlithgow), one seen. „ 10th. IJlackne.ss (Linlithgow), one seen. „ 11th. Lerwick, passing. ,, 21. St. Owers Lt.-v. (Siisse.x), one taken at 0 p.m. ,, 24th. Lerwick, last seen. „ 26th. Scarhorough (Yorkshire), many seen. THE GREAT I5LACK-BACKED GULL {Lanes marinus). THE LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL {Lamsfmcus). .A Lesser Black -hacked Gull was seen flying south over Oxted (Surrey) on the 24th of June and five on the 2nd of July ; several were fishing off Scarborough (Yorkshire) on the 2nd of September and others were noted passing south of that place on the loth and 23rd. On the 30th an immature bird appeared at St. Kilda, one was seen at the Isle of May on tlie 5th of October and another at Balcomie on the 17tli. Five Great Black-backs arrived on the Sussex coast on tlie 21st and 22nd of September and passed on before the 26th. Mr. T. A. Coward sends some interesting notes from the iroldernes.s district (Yorkshire^ where he was oljserving from the 6th to the 16th of October: "The day passage of these two species," he writes, " was most marked during the whole ten days. It was practically continuous so long as it was possible to see. The birds occasionally came down the coast from the north, bnt generally from the north-east direct off" tlie sea. They straggled in irregular order, or came in chevrons or lines, fifty or a hundred at a time. One or two days we calculated that an average of fifty a minute passed and this rate was continuous for many hours. At times small parties went seaward or even north, to fish apparently, but tliey were nothing compared with tlie steady soutliward stream. The flocks consisted of old and young birds of all ages of both species with a few Herring- and Common Gulls ; often many hundreds of adult Great Black-backs were visible at once on the ' Cbnys ' and all the time others kept coming in." Several Lesser Black-backs were seen in Largo Bay (Fife) as late as the 28th of November, while Great Black-backs were very numerous of! Plvnidutli from the 20th of October to the end of the vear. 279 ISOLATED PtECOPtDS AND SINGLE OliSEllYATlUNS. The Rock-Theush {Monticola sa.ratilis). Immatui'e pair shut, Pett (Sussex), September 1st and 2nd. TiieBlack-throatkd Wheatear {Saxicola occidentulis). Female sliot, St. Kilda, September 21st. The Red-spotted Bluethroat {Cijunecula suecica) seen on Fair Isle (Shetland), September 27tb and 28th, The Nightingale {Daulias luscinia). One passing;, N.E. Suffolk coast, August; one seen, Hog's Back (Surrey), September 16tli ; one killed, Hanois Lt. (Guernsej^), September 30th/0ctober 1st. The Lesser Whitethroat {Si/lvia curnica). Large passing increase, Thorpe (Suflolk), August 18th to 20th; single passing birds, Cheltenham (Gloucester), August 21st and 28th ; one arrived, Fair Isle (Shetland), August 31st; one, Marshchapel (Lincoln), September 7th ; one, North Cotes (Lincoln), September 11th and 12th; siugle birds passing N.E. Suffollt coast, September 22nd and 2oth ; one seen, Turvey (Bedford), September 24th ; siugle birds arrived, St. Kilda (Outer Hebrides), October 7tli and Fair Isle on 13th and 14th. The Barred Warbler {Sylvia nisoria'). Single birds, Fair Isle (Shetland), on the 3rd, 8th and 16th of August and the 22nd of September ; Cleethorpes (Lincoln), September 2nd ; and the Isle of May (Fife) on the 10th. The Yellow-broaved Warbler {PhyUoscopiis .mperciliosits). Fair Isle, October 11th and 16th. The Wood- Warbler {Phylloscopus sihilatrix). Last seen in summer haunts, S.W. Kent, August 22nd; one arrived, Fair Isle (Shet- land), August 21st ; two passing, Cheltenham (Gloucester), September 10th. The Icterixe Warbler (Ilypolais ic/en'na). One shot, Wells (Nor- folk), September 13th. 280 The ItEKD-WARiiLER (Acrocejihalus streperus). Decrease at Marbury Mere (Cliesbire), September 3rd; last seen, Haj-ling Island (Hants), 8th; one at Marbury Mere, ]7th; one passing, N.E. Suffolk coast, 23rd. The Grassiioi'per-Waruler {Locustella ncci-ia). Three seen and one killed, S. liishop Lt. (Pembroke), August 20th/21st. The IIedge-Sparrow {Accentor modularis). Single birds seen, Isle of May (Fife), September 17th, 18th, 25th and 29th; a few on Isle of May, September 30th to October Gth and from October 19th to 21st ; one shot, Isle of May, October 10th ; abundant for first time in coast hedges N.E. Lincoln, October oth ; small numbers on passage, October Gth to 16th (increase on 9th), Spurn Head (Yorkshire) ; three arrived. Cape Wrath (Sutherland), October 14th; one killed, Dungeness Lt. (Kent), October lGth/17th ; two arrived, Pentland Skerries (Orkney), October 19th. All those examined from the Isle of May and the Dunge- ness bird belong to the British race. One obtained at Spurn on October 9lh belongs to the Continental race. The Scandinavian Dipper {Cinclus cinclus). One shot, near Brid- lington (Yorkshire), December 16th. The Great Titmouse {Pants major). One, N.E. Lincoln coast, October 6th; one, CuUercoats (Northumberland coast), October 22nd. The Blue Titmouse (Panes ca-ruleus). Numerous on coast-hedges. North Cotes and Marshchapel (Lincoln), October Gth ; a few, S. Yorkshire coast, October Gth to IGth ; numbers arrived on coast, CuUercoats (Northumberland), October 31st, two on sea-banks, November 1st and one on the 11th. The British Coal-Titmouse {Parus britanniciis). One passing, N.E. Suffolk coast, October 3rd. The Willow-Titmouse {Parus kleinschmidti). One shot, Marshchapel (Lincoln coast), September 12th. The Red-throated Pipit {Anthus cervhius). One shot, St. Kilda, October 8th. Richard's Pipit (Anthus ricliardi). Two seen (one shot). Fair Isle (Shetland), October Gth and 7th. The Golden Oriolk (Oriolus ynlhula). Male seen, near Scarborough ( Yoi-kshire), July 9th; one observed during summer at Cusop (Hereford) was last seen on August 28th. The Great Grey Shrike {Lanius ercubitor). Single birds were reported as seen or shot in October at Spurn Head (Yorkshire), Gth and 7tii, Ilalmyro, West Linton (Peebles) IGth, Fair Isle (Shetliiiid) and Gorkston (Suffolk) 23rd, Golspie (Sutherland) 2.jth, Beverley (Yorkshire) 27th, while two others were shot in Berwickshire (dates unrecorded). One was procured in Orkney 281 on November 4tli and two others seen n^nr Oakliani (Rutlund) on the 14th and at Tuttenham (Surrey) on the 2oth. The Red-Backkd Shrike {Lanius collurio). Adult birds left summer haunts in S.W. Kent and Sussex between August 10th and 15th, the young birds between 22nd and 24th ; one on passage south coast of Kent, August 28th ; single passage-migrants on 8.E. Suffolk coast, September 8th, loth, 18th and 21st to 24th, The Woodchat {Lanius setiator). Male shot Winchelsea (Sussex), July 24th ; one taken, Isle of May Lt. (Fife), October 19th. The Hawfinch {Coccofhrausfes vulgaris). FJock seen, Ronisey (Hants), September 30th ; two. Cape Wrath (Sutherland), October 15th; one killed, Portland Bill Lt. (Dorset), November 20th/21st; one killed, Ilaisboro' Lt. (Norfolk), November 21st/ 22nd. The Skrin {Sei-imis hortula)ius). Adult male caught near Edinburgh, November 9th. The Nouthkrx Bullfinch [Pyrrhula major). One, Lerwick (Shet- land), October 19th. The Bullfinch (Pi/rrlmla subsp. ?). Fair numbers arrived, S.E. Suilblk coast, October 30th. The Pine-Buntino {Emberizu kucocejjhala). Male shot. Fair Isle (Shetland), October 30th. The Ortolan [Uniheriza hortulana). One, St. Kilda, September 2nd. The Little Bunting (Ember iza pusiUa). Two, Boreray (St. Kilda), September 15th. The Jay {Garrulus gJandarius). Large increase, S.E. Suffolk, Novem- ber 1st. The Carrion-Crow (Corvus corone). Ten arrived from N.E., Spurn Head (Yorkshire), October 6th, a few seen on 7th and 8th and one on J 4th. The Wood-Lark [Alauda arburea). One, Pentland Skerries (Orkney), October 21st. The Roller {Coracias garrulus). Immature bird seen, Chagford (Devon), August 8rd to 7th. The Hoopoe [Upupa ejwps). One seen several times during summer iu 13eauinanoir Park (Leicester); one seen, Aberdovey (Merioneth), August 7th ; single birds seen or shot, Salthouse Heath (Norfolk), October 4th, and at Hempstead aud Oawston (Norfolk) aud Chesterfield (Derby) on 6th ; one shot, Inverlaul Forest (W. Ross), in October. The Barn-Owl {Strixjlammea). One, N.E. Lincoln coast, December 4th. The Long-Earkd Owl {Asia otus). Single birds on N.E. Lincoln coast, October 5th; at North lionaldsa\- (Orkney). 15th; on Fair Isle (Shetland), 17th, ISth and 30th, Novtmber Lith aud T 2S2 December Sth ; on Isle of ^lay (Fife), OctolnT I'Oih ; on a boat .00 miles S.E. of Lowestoft, November lotb/lOtli, and at Ciilltircoats (Northumberland coast), November 21st. Tkngwalm's Owl {Nyctala tenpnalmi). One cauglit, Holywell Dene (Northmnberland), December 11th. TuE Snowy Owl {Ni/cfea scatidiaca). Single birds, Stornoway (Onter Hebrides), Jmie 24th, July 23rd and 24th, August 10th, October 2nd and December 1 1th. Thio Mahsh-Habkiek {Circus ccrugmosus). One seen, Thanet (Kent), June 22nd ; one shot, Croxton (Norfolk), October 31st. TnK IIen-IIaurier {Circus cyaneus). One seen constantly, ("iliau Aeron (Cardigan), September 1st to 30th ; one seen, near lloUejley (Suilblk), October 20th and 21st. ]\IoNTAGu's IIarri]<;r {Circus ciiieraceus). Immature male shot, New- lands, Newcastleton (Tweed), latter part of August ; two males seen, S.E. Suffolk, October 17th. The Common Buzzard {Buteo vuUjaris). Two seen, Ilawkstone (Shropshire), September 2nd; one caught, Dunragit (Solway), about September Sth ; one seen,' near Chanlock, October Sth ; one seen, near Corseinalzie, November 10th. The Rough.legged Buzzard {Buteo laynpus). Single birds seen or killed at Dean Hill (Hants), October oth ; Spurn Head (Yorkshire), 14th ; IloUesley (Suliblk), 14th to 19th ; Cullcrcoats (Northumberland), 17th ; Weybourne (Norfolk), 20th; Beckford Hill, near Cheltenham (Gloucester), November 22nd, and at Hebden Bridge (Yorkshire) and Corsemalzie (Wigtown), November 23rd. The Sparrow-IIawk {Accipifer nisus). One taken, Leman and Ower Lt.-v. (Norfolk), in the second week of Octuber. The Honey-Buzzard {Pernis apivorus). j\tale shot, Ashburiiham (Sussex), September 2Sth. The Peregrine {Falco percyrinm). One, Yarmouth (Norfolk), Octo- ber 20th ; one, Yealm Ksluary (Devon), November 21st. Tuk IIoBiiY {Falco suhbuteo). Two seen, Hampton- in-Ardeu (AVar- Avick), September 10th. Thi'; Cormorant {Phnlucrocorax carlo). S.E. SuHolk coast, eight flying S. August 19th. The Night-Hekon {Nycticorax yriseus). One shot, near Whitby (Yorkshire;, October 2Gth. The Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia). One shot, mouth cf Welland (Lincoln), November 13th. The Glossy Ibis {Pleyadii falcinellus). Flock of lour (one shot), Crurie, Eskdalemuir, July 2Gth. The Beunaclk-Goosk (Bcmivla leiicopsis). Twenty seen, Silloth (Cumberland), October 3rd; main arrival, Solway, 5th ; flock of fifteen flying N., Brampton (Cumberland), 23rd; small flock seen 283 Tiree (Argyll), November 20th; one seen, I.lauercbymedd (Anglesey), 27th. The Brent-Goosk (Bernicla brcnta). First seen, Dornoch Fiitli, September 12th; one, St. Kilda, 21st; first seen, S. Yorkshiry coast, October fith ; four arrived, Cloy (Norfolk), 17th ; two, Pent- land Skerries (Orkney), November 13th ; flock of eleven seen Silloth (Cumberland), 16th; single birds seen, Fair Isle (Shet- land,) 17th and 21st; seven passing, Thanet (Kent), 24th; one seen, Aberlady (Haddington), December 9th and Tiree 15th. The Whoopkr {Cygmis miisicus). Two flying N., Cullercoats (North- umberland), October 7th ; arrival began, Tiree (Argyll), end of October; five seen, Corsemalzie (Wigtown) and one flying N.E., Solport (Cumberland), November 9th ; one shot, near "Wick (Caithness), 11th ; flock flying AV,, Stornoway (Outer Hebrides), December 11th. Bewick's Swan {C'i/(/7ius bewicki). Arrival began, Tiree (Argyll), end of October; four seen, Possil Mar.-h, November 12th; eleven seen. Bishop Loch (Lanark), 19th and 2Gth ; one seen. Fair Isle (Shet- land), 30th ; six seen, river Penniugham, December 9th. The Gadwall (Atias strepera). Young male shot, Fair Isle (Shetland), October 11th ; male shot, Langness (Isle of Man), November 6th ; several, Tiree (Argyll), 20th; male shot, Cromlix, near Dunblane (Perth), December 28th. The Shoveler (Spatula dypeata). Oue shot, 3Iortou Loch (N. Fife), August 7th ; Linlithgow Loch, October 2nd four, 9th twenty- seven, 16th eight, 28th eighteen ; one flying S., south Yorkshire coast, 15th; pair seen, Marbury (Cheshire), 21st; oue, Tireo (Argyll), November 21st ; nine, Marbury, December oth and Ave on 26th; one, Linlithgow Loch, 12th. The Pintail (JJuJila acuta). One seen, Breydon (Norfolk), August 25th; oQe, St. Kilda, October 7th; one, Fair Isle, 11th; ope, Edeumouth, 23rd ; forty to flfty, mouth of Blednoch (Wigtown ), 26th ; male shot, Ardwell (Wigtown), November 7th ; two shot, Dumfriesshire, early in December ; two seep, Beauly Firth, December 27th. The Scaup-Duck {FuUyula mania). Male shot, Morton Loch (N. Fife), August 1st; female, Orkney, September 23rd ; female, Lerwick (Shetland), October 6th; one seen, Sutton Coldtield (Warwick), 29th and 31st, November 4th, 10th, 13th and 17th and two on 7th ; arrived Tiree, November 21st thousands, Firth of Forth, November and December. The Long-tailkd Duck [Harelda (/lacUilis). First seen, Isle of May (Fife), September 30th; many flying S., Isle of May, October 3rd; three, St. Kilda, 7th ; flrst seen, Tarbatness (Moray), 10th, and Tiree (Argyll), November 22ud ; luale shot, Malidraeth Lay t2 284 (Anglesey), 23i-d ; pair seen (female sliot), Margam MarsLea (Glamorgan), first week in December. The Common Eider (Somaien'a mollissima). Female spen, Poole (Dorset), November 25th ; pair shot, Steart Island (W, Somer- set), 29th. The Veiatst Scoter (CEdemia fused). Four seen, Portmahnmack (E. Ros?), September 15th; large flocks, St. Andrews (Fife), October 13th. The Goosander {Mergus merganser). One seen, Llnlitlipow Loch, November 9th and seventeen on 24th ; male seen, Llyu Og"wen (Carnarvon), December 25th and a pair on 27th. The Red-breasted Merganser (Mergus serratoi-). One seen. Salt- fleet (Lincoln), September 15th ; four seen, Newbiggiii (Xortli- nraberland coast), October 16th. The Smew {Mergus albellus). Single birds, Soulseat Loch, Inch (Wigtown), December 28th. The Stock- Dove (Columha ceiui^). Visited Fair Isle (Siietland) on September 25th, 29th and 30th, and on October 24th. The Quail {Cotxrnix conwmnis). Two seen, Bosham (Sussex), Sep- tember 8th ; one shot, near Churnside (Berwick), October 18th. The Spotted Crake {Porzana maruetta). One found under wires, Hampden-in-Arden (AVarwick), September 9th. The Moorhen {GaUimda chhropus). One taken on boat, 40 miles E. of Southwold (Suffolk), November 20th. The Coot {Fulica atra). Last seen, N. Roualdsay (Orkney), October 24 th ; first arrival, Wliilley reservoir (Northumberland), December 10th. The Little Bustard {Otis fef rax). Female shot, Beckley (Sussex), October 21st; one arrived, Kincardineshire, about mid-December (shot Janunry 1st, 1912). The Stone-Curlew {(EUcnemus scohjyax). Flock of fifteen seen, Buckholt, (Hants), September 16th; one seen, Buckholt, October 3rd and about fifteen in a flock on 10th. The Dotterel {Eudromias morincllus). One shot, Ilumberstone (Lincoln), September 6t]i. The Caspian I'lovicr {yEgialifis asiatica). Pair shot, Roinney Marsh (Kent), July 13th. The Avocet {liecuy-virosfra avocetta). One arrived, Breydon (Norfolk), July 15th, gone on 17th, The Grey Fhm. arope {Phalaropus fulicarius). Single birds seen or sliot, at N. AVooton (Norfolk), September 23rd ; Teesniouth ( Vorkshire), 30th ; Blakeney (Norfolk), October L-^t ; Scarborough (Yorkshire), 2nd; near Shrewsbury (Slir(ip>]iire),3rd; Graintliorpe (Lincoln), 0th; near Cresswell (Xorthumberhind), 10th; Yarmouth (Norfolk), 28th; Dunuro (Ayr), November 5th ; Girvau7th; Cow- bridpe (Glamorgan), first half of November and near IloUesley (SufTulk), December 15th. 2S5 The RED-NKCt;Kr) Phalarope [Phularopus lu/perbuveus). Oue, Yar- mouth (Norfolk), September loth. The Great Sm:PE {Oal/ina(/o mdjor). Single birds were shot at High Dam, Eaglesham, August 23rd, Arkingarth-dale (Yorkshire), September IGth, Holt (Denbigh) and Shap (Westmoreland), September "-'.'ird. Baird's Sandpiper {Tringa bairdi). Female shot, St. Kilda, September 28th. The Little Stint {Tringa minuta). One, Fair Isle (Shetland), August oOth ; one. Largo Bay (Fife), September 4th and oth ; two, Fair Isle, 11th; one, Pevensey (Sussex), 2oth ; five, East- bourne (Sussex), 25th and seven, October 6th ; a few, llumber shore (Yorkshire), October Oth to 16th, The Purple Sandpiper {Trinya striata). Arrivals, Pentland Skerries (Orkney), July 22nd and Flannan Islands (Outer Hebrides), August 1st; many arrived. Fair Isle (Shetland), November 4th; maiiy,Tiree (Argyll), 12th ; two, Scarborough (Yorkshire), 19th ; many, Inchkeith (Forth), 23rd. The Ruff [Machetes pitgnax) . One, Largo Bay (Fife), July 30th ; oue, Balgray Dfim (E. Renfrew), August 17th and 26th, two on 20th and 22nd, three on 27th and one on September 17th and 23rd and October 8th ; two. Fair Isle, August 28th ; two males, Moray Firth, September 1st ; female, Findhorn Bay, oth ; female shot, Boyton Hall Marsh (Suffolk), 11th ; female, Moray Firth, 12th; oue shot, near Glencaple, Caerlaverock, in September. The Wood-Sandpiper [Tutanus glureola). Female shot, Morton Loch (N. Fife), August 1st; one seen daily, Ciliau Aeron (Cardigan), August 12th to September 2nd ; one seen, Whittinghame (North- umberland), December 12th. The Spotted Redshank (Totanus fuscus). One caught, Ilumberstone (Lincoln), September 1st. The Bar-tailed Godwit {Limosa lai^ponica). Two, Taymouth, July 15th ; two. Largo Bay (Fife), 30th ; large flocks arrived, Aberlady (Haddington), August 7th ; arrivals, Largo Bay, 10th to 13th ; several arrived, Breydon (Norfolk), 26th ; six, Moray Firth, September 1st ; one, near Exeter (Devon), 5th ; five, Castletown shore (Ide of Man), 11th; arrivals, Balgray (Clyde), 17th and 24th; five. Luce Bay (Wigtown), 21st; many, Edenmouth and one or two, Dee Estuary (Cheshire), 23rd ; one, S. Yorkshire coast, October 7th ; twelve, near Liverpool (Lancashire), 29th ; two. Dee Estuary, November 4th. The Black-tailed Godwit [Limosa belr/ica). Four, Silloth (Cumber- land), August 15th and three on 22nd ; few, Tiree (Argyll), 18th and 19th ; one, Breydon (Norfolk), 26th ; one, Skinburness (Cumberland), 27th and three on 30th; four, Balgray (Clyde), September 3rd and lUth and two on 17th ; two, Cromarty Firth, 286 ]3tli and one on 30tli ; two, Troon (Ayr), 17th; female shot, Lune niouth (Lancashire), December 9th. The Black Tkrn i Hydrochelidon nigra). Young female shot, Aberlady (Haddington), August 31st; one seen, Marbiiry (Cheshire), Septembtr i^nd and another on 28th. TuK Sandwich Terx {Sterna cantiaca). Large numbers, Largo Bay (Fife), August 5th ; plentiful, Dornoch, Cromarty and Beauly Firths, August 8th to September 18th ; scores flying E., Breydon (Norfolk), August 13th; flock of twenty-seven. Glen Luce, August 26th; six, Moray Firth, September 1st; last se-n, Luce Bay, Gth ; some passing, Cley (Norfolk), 13th; last seen, Dal- meny, 29th; one, luleninouth, October 23rd. TiiK Little Tern [Sterna viinuta). Passing at intervals, Breydon (Norfolk), July 6th to August 31st; one killed, Dungene-'S Lt. (Kent), July 21tli/2.'5th ; large decrease of local birds, Suflolk coast, Augu.-st Gth, all gone by 16th ; decrease, Carnarvon coast, 12th, and Lune moutli (Lancashire), 22nd to 26th ; two flocks coasting S., SuHblk coast, 17tli; one to six seen, Thorpe (Suttulk), lt)th, 20th, 29th and 30Lh ; one, Bosham (Sussex), September loth ; one, flying S. 50 miles offS. Devon coast, September 25th. Sabine's Gull {Xema sabinii). Three seen, Teesmouth (Yorkshire), September 30th ; one shot, Grainthorpe (Lincoln^, October 19tli ; one seen, Blakeney (Norfolk), 28th. The Little Gull (Larus minutus). Three seen, Blakeney (Noji'folk), October 1st: one, Scarborough (Yorkshire), 19th, two on 21st; one shot, Yarmouth (Norfolk), November 24th ; one, Scarborough, 30th. The Black-itraded Gull {Lams ridihindus). Returned to Fair Isle and Girdleness, July 7th ; large arrival, Mull, 11th ; further arrival, Girdleness, loth ; one at lantern. Chicken liock Liglit (Isle of Man), 29th/30th ; arrived in thousands, S. Devon coast, September 1st to 9th ; few seen, Swithland reservoir (Leicester), October 16th. The Mediterranean Black-headed Gull (Larus melanocephalm). Several parties seen, Bay of Biscay, September 6th and 24th ; ouo seen, 50 miles N.N.E. of Ushant, September 25th. The (/OMMon Gull {Larus cani/s). Many arrived, Fair Isle (Shetland), August 21st and September 10th ; a hundred or so in fields, near Chester, September 9th ; many hundreds in Dee Estuary, 23rd ; one or two, Marbury (Cheshiie), October 1st ; first arrived on fields, Brampton (Cumberland), 4th ; fair number, Northwich (Clieshire), 8th. The IIerring-Gull {Larus nrf/entaiits). Two flying ^V., Oakaninnr (Start" )rdshire), .July 7th, fifteen to W. on 26th and six to S. on October IGtb ; two seen, Swithland reservoir (Leicester), October 16th. 287 The Glaucous Gull {Larus (jlcmcm). First seen, N. Unst (Shetland), September 24tli ; seen frequently, Fair Isle (Shetland), October 8th to end of year; single birds seen, St. Mary's Island (North- nmberland), November 27th ; Sule Skerry (Orkney), December 13th and Lerwick (Shetland), 31st. The Iceland Gull (Larus leucojiferus). First seen, Flaniian Islands (Outer Hebrides), August 2(Jth ; many, Orkney and Shetland, September 26th to December 30th ; one, Largo Bay (File), December 21st. The Great Skua {Stercorarius catarrhactes). One seen, near Dunure (Ayr), July 7th ; last seen, N. Unst (Shetland), October 2ud ; one seen, Boreray (St. Kilda), October 12th ; one shot, Inverary, in December. The I'oMATOiiHiNE Skua {Stercorarius pomatorhinus). One seen, N. Somercotes (Lincoln), September 11th and 22nd ; one seen, Cley (Norfolk), 13th; one, Isle of May (Fife), 18th; numbers flying N-W., Teesmouth (Yorkshire), 30th; one, Scarborough (York- shire), October 3rd ; one, N. Berwick, 5th ; numbers, between St. Kilda and Stornoway (Outer Hebrides), 12th and 13th ; one shot, Lune mouth (Lancashire), November 10th. Richardson's Skua {Stercorarius crepidatiis). Several parties of three to six daily, Gigha (Argyll), August 19th to 29th ; one flying S., Trearddur Bay (Anglesey), 29th ; two, Somercotes (Lincoln), September 2nd, three on 7th and 8th ; one, Grainthorpe (Lincoln), 6th and 9th; several on loth; two, SaltHeet (Liuccln), 11th; siuj^le birds, Scarborough (Yoi'kshire), 18th, 20th and October 4tli ; several. Bell Rock Light (Tay), September 19th to October 24th ; numbers flying N.W., Teesmouth (Yorkshire), September 30th ; one found dead, Yarmouth (Norfolk), October 1st ; one seen, St. Kilda, October 12th ; one seen, Cardross (Clyde), November 18th. Buffon's Skua {Stercorarius parasiticus). One seen. Bell Ilock Lt. (Tay), October 22nd. The Razorbill {Alcatorda). Two shot, Norfolk coast, August 2nd; last seen, Sule Skerry (Orkney), August 3rd,Noup Head (Orkney), 28th and Flannan Islands (Outer Hebrides), September 11th; increase, Norfolk coast, latter half of August ; large numbers. Bell Rock (Tay), November 10th and 18th; many, Beauly Firth, December 27th and Cromarty Firth, 30th. The Common Guillemot (Uria troile). First seen, Lune mouth (Lancashire), August 11th, Norfolk coast, 19th ; last seen, Noup Head (Orkney), 28th; many flying S., Isle of May (Fife), September 28th and October 3rd ; large numbers, Bell Rock (Tay), November 10th ; one found dead, "Winchmore Hill (Middlesex), 22iid. The Black Guillemot {Uria (jrylle). Last seen, Butt of Lewis (Outer Hebrides), August 18th; single birds seen, Balcomie (E. Fife), October 17th and December 5th. 288 The Puffin* {Fratercula arciicu). Decrease, Sale SkeiTV (Orlarks arriving from E. over the sea at 11 a.m. Wind E. 3. Cloudy. „ loth/16th. Bardseij Lt. — .\ few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Star- lings and Sky-Larks and a I'ied \\'agtail from 7.30 P.M. to 3 a,m. Wind E.S.E, b. Cloudy, hazy. 303 Oct. 15th/l6th. Chicken Rock Lt.—A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, {contd.). Blackbirds, Starlings and Sky-Larks at 10.30 i-.m. Wind E. 4. Hazy. Dungeness Lt.—.\. few Starlings from 8 to 12 p.m. Wind E. 3. Hazy, starlight at intervals. Uanois Lt. -A few Ring-Ouzels, Meadow-ripits oud Starlings at 11 p.m. Wind E. 6. Overcast. . Kentish Knock i^.-r.— Large numbers of Song- Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks, with nuuiy "Flycatchers" and a few "Wrens," Greenfiuclics and Chaffinches between 7.30 p.m. and 2 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 4. Overcast. Lynn Well i^.-?;.— Small numbers of Starlings at 8 P.M. and from 4 to 6 a.m., apparently flying N.^\ . Wind E.N.E. 4 to E. 5. Overca.^t. JSeicarp Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Chaffinches, Star- lings and Sky-Larks between 10 p.m. and 2 a.m. Wind E. 6 to 5. Overcast. Older Boicsing Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and a few Meadow-Pipits and Sky-Larks all night from 5 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 4. Overcast. Outer Gabbard Lt.-v.— \ few Starlings. 02vers Lt.-v. — Several Stonechats during the night. Wind E. by S 5. Cloudy. St. Catherines Z^.— Many Sky-Larks, British Song- Thrushes, Redwings and Starlings and one Garden- Warbler from 12 to 3 a.m. Wind E. 6. Cloudy. Skerries Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes and Starlings at 4 A.M. Wind S.E. 0. Cloudy. South Bishop Lt.— Large numbers of Song-Thrushes and Sky-Larks from 2 to 3 a.m., apparently from the S.E. Wind E.S.E. 4. Slight haze. S. Goodtvin Lt.-v.— A Starling at 10.30 p.m. Wind E. 4. Clear. Oct. 15tli/lGtL. Spurn Lt.-v.—\ few Starlings at G p.m. and Sky- (cont(L). Larks at 9 i>.m. "Wind E. 4 to o. Cloudy, raining. W/iMi/ Lt.—A Starling at 7.20 p.m. Wind S.E. 4. ,; 16th. Girdler Lt.-v. — Two Starlings on deck at 5.4-^ a.m. and an " Owl " flying S.W. at 8.20 a.m. Wind E. 4. Overcast. KentiaJi Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings flying N.W. and S.W. between 7.30 and 9.30 a.m. ; numbers of Sky-Larks to the S.S.E. at 9 a.m. and a few "Flycatchers," "Fiiicht-s" and Chaffinches to the E.S.E. at 10 a.m. Wind E.N.E. 4. Overcast. Neivarp Lt.-v. — Large flocks of birds flying W. A flock of Goldcrests at 9 a.m. and a few more at 2 p.m. Wind E. 4 to E.N.E. 3. Cloudy to overcast. Outer Dotcsing Lt.-v. — Several Starlings killed between 6 and 10 a.m. ; several Starlings and SlvV-Larks flying S.W. between 10 and 10.30 a.m. AVind E. 4 to E. by S. 4. Overcast to cloudy. „ lfilli;'17th. Anvil Point Lf. — Many Blackbirds from 12 to 6 a.m. Wind E. 7. Misty. Bardsey LA. — A few Song-Tiirui^hos, Redwings, Star- lings and Skylarks from 7 to 12 p.m. Wind S.S.E. 5. Cloudy. Chicken Tiock Lt. — Many Song-Thrnshes, Redwings, Blackbirds, Chaffinches, Starlings and Sky-Larks all night ; a Eranibling and a Golden Plover at 4 a.m. Wind E. 4. Hazy. Crnnier Lt. — Numbers of Starlings, Sky-Larks, La]v wings and "I'lovers " from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 5. Overcast. Dwif/eneKs LA. — Many Starlings between 9.10 i-.m. and 2.30 A.M., a Redwing at 8 p.m., a Tree-Sparrow at 9.10 P.M., a Blackbird at 10 p.m. and a British Ilotlge- Sparrow at 4.10 A.M. Wind E. 3. Clear sky and haze. F,(ldyRt(>np Lt. — A large number of Starlings, with a few Song-Thrnshe-s, Blackbirds and Sky-Lai'ks before midnight. Wind K. 7. !Misty rain. 305 Oct. 16th/17th. Enijlish and Welsh Grounds Lt.-v. — Large numbers {cont.d.). of Starliugs from 10 P.M. to dawn. "Wind E. 5. Overcast. Hanoi's Lt. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks, a few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds, King-Ouzels, ^leadow- Pipits and Pied Wagtails, two Blackcaps, a Chifl- chaff and a Rook between 8 p.m. and 2 a.m. Wind E. 4. Dark, hazy. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — A few Starlings and Sky-Larks at 7 P.M. "Wind E. 4. Clear sky, clouds and mist. Li/nii Well Lt.-v. — A few Starlings and Chaffinches at 'S A.M. Wind E. 6. Drizzle. Moreatmbe Bay Lt.-v. — A few Redwings, Starlings and Sky-Larks and two Lapwings, between 11 p.m. and 3 A.M. Wind E.S.E. 5. Overcast. Nab. Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks, apparently flying W., at 8.30 p.m. and Sky-Larks and Starlings to N.W. at 4 A.M. Wind E. by N. 5 to E. 4. Hazy. Newarp Lt.-v. — A Sky-Lark killed at 2 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 4. Clear sky. Outer Doicsinfj Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Starlings and a few Sky-Larks and Lapwings, apparently flyiug W., from 7 to 9.30 p.m. and a few Starlings from 3.10 to 4.0 A.M. Wind E. by S. 4 to E.S.E. 5. Overcast to cloud}'. Otcers Lt.-v — Several Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Sky-Larks. Wind E. 5. Overcast, misty. St. Ann's Lt. — A few Sky-Larks and a Goldcrest at 11 and 11.30 P.M. Wind E.N.E. 4. Clear, dark. St. Catherine s Lt. — A few Continental Song-Thrushes, P)lackbirds and Starlings at 5 a.m. Wind X.E. 4. Overcast. Shambles Lt.-v. — A large number of P)lackbirds and Sky-Larks from 11.40 p.m. to 4.30 a.m. Wind E. 6. Overcast. 306 Oct. 10th/17th. Shipwash Z<.-i'.— Several Meadow-Pipits, Chaffinches {contd.). and Starlings from midnight to dawn. Wind E. 4. Overcast. South Bishop Lt. — Large numbers of Blackbirds and Sliy-Larks between 10.30 p.m. and 1.40 a.m., appa- rently from the N.E. Wind S.E. 3 to E.S.E. 3. Clear to slight haze. South Goodwin Lt.-v. — A " Rook " and a Starling at 9 P.M. Wind E.S.E. 3. Hazy. Spurn Lt-v.. — Ten W^oodcocks at 7 I'.m. Wind E.S.E. o. Overcast, clear. „ 17lh. Ilanois Lt. — A flock of Starlings arrived from N.W. at 11 A.M. Outer Doiositiy Lt.-v. — Single Starlings and flocks of Sky-Larks and " Linnets " Hying S.W. between 0.30 A.M. and 4 p.m. Wind E.S.E. 5. Cloudy. St. Nicholas Lt.-v. — A large flock of "Crows" tiying E. Wind E.N.E. fresh breeze. Overcast. SouUi Goochvin Lt.-v. — A Goldci-est and four Starlings on board, ilew to W. AN'iud S.E. by E. 3. Hazy. Tfliiibi/ Lt. — Six Goldcrests arrived. Wind S.E. 4. Cloudy. Wintertim Lt. — Several Goldcrests arrived. NN'ind E. 1. Overcast, misty. „ 17th/lSlli. Bardsey Lt. — Many Song-Thrushes, Kedwings and Blackbirds with a few Sky-Larks from 7 p.m. to 3 A.M. Wind S.S.E. 4, Cloudy, slight haze. Chicken Bock Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Kudwings, Blackbirds, Starlings and Sky-Larks in tae early morning. Wind E. 4. lluzy. Cromer Lt. — A Goldcrest at '2 a.m. Wind S.E. 4. Cloudy. Dungeness Lt. — A few Goldcrests, a Common Wren and "oilier .small birds" at 1.30 a.m. Wind E. 3. Blue skv. hiizv. 307 Oct. 17tli/18th. Eddystone Lt. — A Chaffinch killed in the early morning. {conld.). Wind E. 2. Cloudy. Hanois Lt. — Many Starlings and Sky-Larks with a few Song-Thrushes, Pied "Wagtails and a Continontal Goldcrest between 8 and 12 p.m. Wind S.E. 1. Dark, foggy. Lynn Well Lt.-v. — Many Starlings and IJlackhirds at I A.M., apparently flying S.VV. Wind E.S.E. 4. Overcast. Morecambe Bay Lt.-v. — Many Song-Thrushes, Black- birds, Starlings and Sky-Larks between 11.30 I'.M. and 4 a.m. AVind E.S.E. 4. Overcast. Nab Lt.-v. — A few Sky-Larks and Starlings, apparently flying N. and N.E., at 7.40 p.m. and 2.45 a.m. Wind E. by S. 3 to E. 2. Misty to clear. Outer Dotcsiny Lt.-v. — A Starling killed at 4.20 a.m. Wind S.E. 3. Cloudy. Portland Bill Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Starlings from 9 p.m. to 4 a.m. Wind E. 3 to E.S.E. 4. Cloudy, to overcast and misty. St. Catherine's Lt — A few Pied Wagtails, Starlings and Sky-Larks from 12 to 4 a.m. Wind E. 3. Shower3\ Seven Stones Lt.-v. — A few Song-Thrushes, Starlings and Skj-Larks at midnight. Wind S.E. 4. Fog. Shambles Lt.-v. — A few Song-Thrushes at 4.30 a.m. Wind S.E. 2. Overcast, misty rain. Shijnvash Lt.-v. — Several Chaffinches and Starlings from midnight to dawn. Wind E. by S. o. Clear sky, cloudy. Skerries Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes and Sky-Larks at II p.m. ; a few Blackbirds and Starlings and two Water-Uails at 4 a.m. Wind S.E. 3 to S.S.E. 3. Misty. South Bishop Lt. — Large numbers of Song-Thrushes, Kedwings, Blackbirds, Starlings and Sky-Larks from 7.45 P.M. to 2 a.m., apparently from the N. Wind S.S.E. 4. Haze. 308 Oct. 17tli/18th. South Goodwin Li.— \ Goklcvesi killed. Wind S.E. 2. (amid.). Hazy. „ IBtli. Bardsei/ Lt. — "Ducks" and Lapwings seen on the island ; flocks of Chaffinches tiying E. Corton Lt.-v. — Thirty " P^inches," "Sparrows" and Starlings about the sliip all day. Wind S.E. 1. Fog. Cromer Lt. — Numbers of Sky-Larks flying N. at 9 a.m. Wind S.E. 4. Cloudy. Outer Dotcsin(/ Lt.-v. — Two Chaffinches and a Sk}'- Lark at 9 a.m. Wind S.E. 3, Cloudy. „ IStli/lOth. Anvil Point Lt. — Many Song-Thrushes, Blackbirds and Sky-Larks from 12 to 3 a.m. Wind E. 4. Misty. Bardsey Lt. — Large numbers of Redwings, many Blackbirds and Sky-Larks with a few Song-Thrushes, Chaffinches, Starlings, Water- Kails, Woodcocks and Common Snipes from 11 p.m. to dawn. Wind S.S.E. 4. Overcast and raining. Chicken Ruck Lt. — Many Song-Thrushes, Redwings and Blackbirds with a few Starlings and Sky-Larks and single Mistle-Thrushes, Ring-Ouzels and Chaf- finches in the early morning. Wind S.E. 3. Fog. Diingeness Lt. — A Chaffinch killed at 2.40 \.yi. Wind N.E. 4. Dark, cloudy. JEddystone Lt. — Large numbers of Song-Thrushes and Starlings with a few Blackbirds, Ring-Ouzels and Sky-Lark.«, between 9 and 12 p.m. AVind E.S.E. 5. Overcast, rain. English and Welsh (irounds Lt.-v. — A large number of Goldcrests at 9 p.m. Wind E.N.E. 3. Fog. JIanois Lt. — Many Starlings, with a few Redwings and Sky-I^arks and single I'ied Wagtails, Meadow- Pipits and Linnets from 8 to 12 I'.m. ; a few Song-Thruslu's with single IMackbirds and Ring- Ouzels from 12 to •") A.M. Wind S.E. 3 to 5. Dark, rainiii''. 309 Oct. 18tli/19th. Kcnfish Knock Lt.-v. — Larg'e numbers of Starlinp-s and [contd.). Sky-Larks with a few Song;-Thruslies from 9 P.M. to 4 a.m. WhidS.E. 2. Fog. Oicers Lt-v. — Several Song-Thrusliea and Sky-Larks. Wind E.N.E. 2. Fog. St. Ann's Lt. — A few Song-Thruslies, Redwings, Starlings and Sky-Larks from 1 to 4.15 a.m. Wind E.S.E. 3. Overcast, misty. South liishop Lt. — Large numbers of Sone-Thruslies, Blackbirds, Sky-Larks and a Water-Kail from 9.30 P.M. to 2.80 A.M., apparently from the N.E. "Wind S.S.E. 3. Misty rain. South Stack Lt. — Several Redwings, Elackbirds and Sky-Larks at midnight. Wind S.E. 2. Misty rain. „ 19th. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbeis of Sky-Larks flying S.W. at 10 a.m. ; several " Wrens " on board all day. Wind S. 5. Blue sky, clear. Nab Lt.-v. — Three Goldorests on board at noon, left to S.W. Wind S.S.E. 3. Cloudy, rain. „ 19th/20th. Eddystone Lt.—Ps. few Song-Thrushes, Ring-Ouzels, Starlings and Sky-Larks before midnight. Wind S.E. 5. Cloudy, rain. Jlanois Lt. — A few St.trliiigs from 8 to 12 p.m. ; a few Blackbirds, Ring-Ouzels and Sky-Larks and a Redbreast between 12 and 4 a.m. Wind S.S.E. 5. Dark, raining. Inner Dvioaing Lt.-v. — A few Blackbirds at 6 a.m. Wind S. by E. 3. Clear. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Many Sky-Larks and a few Starlings from 11 p.m. to 3 a.m. Wind S.W. 4. Clear sky, cloudy, clear. Lynn Well Lt.-v. — A few Starlings at 7 p.m., apparently flying W., and a few Song-Thrushes at 3 A.M. Wind E.S.E. 4. Cloudy. Kah Lt.-v.— A Sky-Lark killed at 9 p.m. Wind S.S.E. 3. Cloudy. 310 Oct. 20th. Cromer Ll. — Xiimbors of " Finc]ie«," Starlings and Sky-Tjarks flying N. during the day. Wind S. 4. Cloudy. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Large numbers of Sky-Larks flying S.W. at 11 a.m. and " Crows" to the N.W. at 10 A.M. and noon ; a " Sparrow-IIawk" to the N.W. at noon. AVind S. by E. 5 to S. 5. Overcast, clear. Winterton Lt. — Several Fieldfares arrived. Wiud W.S.W. 2. Cloudy, misty. „ 20th/21st. Chicken Hock Lt.— Tyro Starlings all night. Wind S.E. 3. liain. JIanois Lt.—A. few Starlings at 10 P.M. "\\'iud S. 4. Dark, raining. JVhith}/ Lt.—A Storm-I'etrel at 9.30 p.m. Wind W. 3. Misty. „ 21st. Cromer X^.— Numbers of "Finches," Starlings and Sky-l>arks flying N. during the day. Wind S. 5. Cloudy. Whitby lA. — Small flocks of "Thrushes," Fieldfares and Sky-Larks arriving from E. over the sea, all day. Wind S.S.E. 3 to S.E. 2. Rain to cloudy. „ 21.st/22nd. Chicken Rock Lt.—A Song-Thrush and a Chafllnch at 2 A.M. Wind S. 0. liain. JIayiois Lt. — A few Meadow-Pipits from 10 to 12 P.M. Wind S. 4. Dark, raining. Lnnnn and Ower Lt.-r. — ^Nfany Starlings at 11.20 P.M. Wind W.S.W. 4. liain. ,, 22nd. New Moon. Crnmer Lt. — Numbers of "Pipits" and Skv-Larks flying N. during the day. Wind S. 5. Overcast and raining. L.fman and Ower Lf.-v. — Flocks of Starlings and Sky-Larks flying W.N.W. at 3.10 p.m. Wind S.S.W. 5. Mitt and raiu. Oct. 22ncl/23rd. Limn Wdl Lt.-v.—X few Redwings at 9 p.m. Wind S.NV. 3. Sliowery. „ 23rd/24t]i. Leman and Ower Lt.-v.—.K. few Tree-Spa rvows at 8.40 P.M. Wind S.S.W. 5. Misty. „ 24th. Outer Gabbard L(..-v.—^eyen "Crows" flying W.N.W at 11.15 A.M. Wind S. 6. Cloudy, raining. „ 24th/25th. Bardsey Lt. — A few Song-Thrushes, Redwings, Stnr- lings and Sky-Larks from 6.30 to 12 p.m. and two Chaffinches at 10 p.m. Wind N.N.E. 3. Cloudy. Hanois Lt, — A few Sky-Larks at 10 p.m. Wind S.W. 5. Dark, raining. Inner Dowsing Lt.-v. — A few Redwings and Fieldfares at midnight and Starlings at 3 a.m. ; two flocks of "Plovers " flying E. between 10 and 12 p.m. AVind W. 5. Overcast, misty rain. „ 2r)th. Hanois i^.^Small flocks of Sky -Larks arriving from N. at 9 a.m. Kentish Knock Lt.-v. — Small flocks of Chaffinches and Sky-Larks flying \A'.S.W. from 9 to 11 a.m. Wind W. 4. Blue sky, cloudy, clear. „ 25th/26th. Chicken Rock Lt.—A Redwing, a Blackbird, a Chaf- flnch and a Goldcrest at 9 p.m. ; a Song-Thru.' III.-VIII 1894-1899 . each (i/- IX. Avium Generum Index Alpliabeticus. 1899 2/i> X.-XVI. 1900-1906 mch (>/- XVII. liejiort on the rmnuii;rations of Summer Residents in the Spring of 1905. 1906 6/- XVIII. Index to Biilletiu, Vols. I.-XV. (1892-1905). 1901). 10/- XIX. (Session 1906-07). 1907