ad DF peter “ .. SDN ga aew Cemetary os HARVARD UNIVERSITY. LIBRARY OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE 13, G6 | ZOOLOGY ety H JUN 13 1931 BULLETINS OF AMERICANIBK ANY MUS COME 20 LOU PALEONTOLOGY MOIR un 1930 - 31 Harris Co. Wigeevezl, INI, Wa, We Se se ae X Bann tic Contents of Volume XVII Plates Pages Bulletin 62. Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru; Part 3, Eocene Mollusca. 1-12 1-96 By A, A. Olsson 63. Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru ; Part 4, The Peruvian Oligocene. I3 - 33 97-264 By A. A. Olsson a ere ee eS Ee ee Le eee Ee 13,481 7H) 4) AM ERICAN PALEONTOLOGY ~ % VOL. XVII No. 62 December 25, 1930 Ft. Harris Co. Ithaca, N. Y. Us Sa A. BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY Vol. 37 No. 62 Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru: Part 3, Eocene Mollusca By A. A. OLSSON December 25, 1930 Harris Co., tehacan Nine U.S: As PREFATORY NOTE This paper is Part 3 of the Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru and of which Parts 1 and 2 have already appeared in these Bulletins. A reclassification of the Peruvian Upper Eocene rocks into two stages, representing two distinct marine transgressions has been found necessary and the Introduction is devoted to a discussion of the Paleontology and Stratigraphy of these formations. In addition to the description of several new species of Eocene mollusks, the following new genera and subgenera are proposed. Yasila Type. Yasila paytensis, n. sp. Chiralithes (Subgenus of Clavilithes). Type: Clavilithes cynosuris, n. sp. Perulithes (Subgenus of Clavilithes). Type: Clavilithes peruvianus Woods. Nerinatica (Subgenus of Natica). Type: Natica paytensis, n. sp. Gloversville, N. Y. Nov. 24, 1930. INTRODUCTION The series of sedimentary deposits consisting chiefly of con- glomerates, sandstones and shales which form the Peruvian Eocene, was briefly described in 1928 in Part 1, of these Con- tributions’ as an aid in recording the occurrence and stratigraphic range of the fossil species of mollusca. Stratigraphically these rocks were divided into 6 formations from early to late Eocene age. Since the publication of our sections in 1928, a great deal of new information has been secured of a fauna! and stratigraphic nature and certain changes affecting the classification of the Upper Eocene rocks are necessary. Following the opinion gen- erally held at that time, the Upper Eocene was believed to con- stitute a single stratigraphic unit and beds containing.an Upper Eocene fauna were assigned to a single. formation named the Saman. This interpretation can no longer be maintained and two formations of early and late Upper Eocene age respectively and representing two distiact marine transgressions across the littoral region of northern Peru must be recognized. The two- fold division of the European Upper Eocene deposits into the Bartonian and Ludian. stages, heretofore not separated in America, seems to find a paralle! in northern South America. In the new or revised classification, the Verdun grits of the Negritos region, formerly referred to the Lower Oligocene, are correlated directly with the typical Saman formation of the Chira Valley. The beds formerly referred to the Saman in the Negritos and coastal region are now known to belong to an older formation which may be called the Talara formation, a name first used by Grzybowski’. The outcrops which may be selected as typical for the Talara formation, are the shales and sandstones lying above the Upper Eocene unconformity or beginning with the Discocyclina peruviana zone as exposed along the east side of the Talara Golf course and extending east and then north along the tablazo escarpments. 10lsson, 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 14, no. 52. : 2Grzybowski, 1899, Neues Jahrb, fur Min., etc., BB. bd. 12, p, 6 BULLETIN 62 6 THE SAMAN FoRMATION The type exposures of the Saman formation are the fossilifer- ous yellow sandstones of Casa Saman near Tangara in the Chira valley and extending northeast as a series of strike hills past Sullana and Quercotilla to Sojo. They have a thickness of about 1000 feet and consist chiefly of sandstones and conglomer- ates becoming more argillaceous and fine-grained towards the top. In this region, they rest directly upon the Cretaceous (Copa Sombrero formation) or on the Amotape slates and granites along the south side of the Amotape Mountains. The typical Saman sandstones are also found at Paita, representing coastal rocks resting on slates and mica-schists. Small exposures of Saman sandstones are found around the borders of the Cerros de Illescas resting upon metamorphics and igneous rocks. The largest exposures are found at Nonura bay, the basal bed being usually a beach limestone filled with Lepidocycline. Fossils principally mollusks are common in the Saman sand- stones throughout the Chira valley. Many species such as Aturia alabamensis var. peruviana, the Pseudolive, Venericardia plani- costa var. samanensis and Amotapus arbolensis are unusually large and represent the highest stage attained in the evolution of these forms. The following species have been collected in the Saman sandstones at Casa Saman. tArca (Argina) sullanensis Woods tArca (Argina) samanensis Olsson *Pteria sp. Mytilus sp. tOstrea samanensis Olsson tAmotapus arbolensis Woods tVenericardia planicosta var. samanensis Olsson *Cardium samanicum Olsson *Phacoides (Miltha) paytensis Woods t#Clementia peruviana Olsson *Macrocallista inca Olsson *Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) samanensis Olsson TSpisula (Oxyperas) callistoides Olsson Tellina sp. Solen sp. *Corbula tangara Olsson 7 OLsson: PERUVIAN EoceNE, Part III 7 t£Architectonica sullana Olsson ttArchitectonica chira Olsson *Polinices (Neverita) samanensis Olsson tAmpullina ortont Gabb tAmpullina gabbi Woods *Claytrea saxosa Olsson Crepidula sp. tiTurritella samanensis Olsson t#Turritella chira Olsson *Turritella boughtoni Olsson 1Cerithium (Iddingsia) leviusculum Gabb *Lagunitus peruvianus Woods *Lagunitus samanicus Olsson tEctinochilus gaudichaudi d’Orb. TPeruficus lagunitensis Olsson ttPseudoliva parineensis var. samanica Olsson ¥Pseudoliva coronaria, n. sp. *Tritonidea staufti Olsson +Dorsanum lagunitensis Woods +Melongena (Cornulina) levifusoides Olsson *Melongena (Pugilina) cdicnema Olsson t{Mancorus grabaui, n. sp. T#V oluta (Peruluta) mancorensis Olsson iA garonia inca, n. sp. TiConus chirensis Olsson ttXancus peruv.anus Olsson ttAturia alabamensis, var. peruviana Olsson *Also in Talara form. * Restricted to Saman sandstones. tAlso in Chira or higher Oligocene formations. The above list records 43 species. The majority or approxi- mately 60% are species which have ascended from the older rocks and of which nearly 44% are forms first appearing in the Lower Upper Eocene or basal Talara formation. About 26% are long ranging forms passing into the overlying Oligocene and having no particular significance. Only 13 species or 30% seem to be restricted to Saman rocks. The above tabulation is somewhat inaccurate as certain species recorded both from the Talara and Oligocene formations have not been collected in the 8 BULLETIN 62 Saman sandstones but their addition would not greatly change the relationship already indicated. The very close affinities of the Saman fauna with that of the Lower Upper Eocene or Talara formation is very evident. The typical Saman sandstones do not occur in the coastal region north of the Chira valley but become replaced by shales and white to yellowish gritty sandstones showing great lateral variation and in thickness ranging from 1500 to 3000 feet. In some localities small Lepidocycline and Nummulites (the Ver- dun grits) are common but other fossils are very rare or general- ly too fragmentary for specific identification. North of Mancora, the Verdun rocks become coarse conglomerates passing into mud- flows in the Canoas and Caleto Mero region. Since they are the surface rocks in the Verdun field, they were named the Verdun formation. An unconformity of regional character marks the base of the Verdun formation. This unconformity varies according to local structure but in general increases in magnitude to the north indicating that the Verdun transgression came from the south- west. At Caleto Sal, an erosional interval preceding the deposi- tion of the Orbitoidal conglomerates is indicated in the abundance of rolled fossils such as Pseudoglauconia lissonii of Restin origin, showing that these older beds were exposed to erosion. In the Negritos region, the Verdun unconformity is an important fact- or in the producing districts and drilling wells frequently find a large part of the normal section missing. The more complete sections generally exposed in synclinal areas or in down-faulted blocks have the Verdun grits resting upon a variable thickness of Pozo shales belonging to the upper part of the Talara formation. The correlation of the Verdun grits with the Saman sandstones of the Chira valley has been complicated from the lack of ex- posures in the intermediate region since these formations lie deeply buried beneath Oligocene and Pleistocene deposits. The most conclusive evidence of the equivalence of these rocks is furnished by the Lagunitas sandstones of Lagunitas. They are coarse, gritty sandstones similar to those of the Verdun and con- tain many Nummulites and some Lepidocyclina and at Triangula- tion Station 40 in Lagunitas numerous mollusks similar to those of the Saman sandstones. They are directly overlain by the Chira St: 9 Ousson: PERUVIAN Eocene, Part IIT shales and according to well sections form the upper part of an Orbitoidal section of grits and arenaceous shales about 600 feet in thickness which clearly belongs to the Verdun formation. [Pe- neath these Orbitoidal beds, drilling wells pass into the Talara formation, easily recognized by its fauna of Discocychna peru- viana and other special fossils. The Lagunitas sandstone there- fore must belong to the Upper part of the Verdun formation or to the Second and Third grits of the Jabonillal region. 1. #¥Arca samanensis Olsson 2. Glycymeris, sp. 3. tf Ostrea samanensis Olsson 4. #**+V enericardia planicosta, var. samanensis Olsson 5. ¢Pitaria samanensis Olsson 6. #18Conus chirensis, n. sp. 7. Scobinella, sp. 8. *Olivancillaria peruviana Woods 9g. tPlejona (Volutocorbis) sula, n. sp. 10. Melongena, sp. , 11. t1Dorsanum lagunitensis Woods 12. ti+Pseudoliva samanica O'sson 13. £7Sconsia? samanica Olsson 14. $Morum peruvianum, n. sp. 15. #tEctinochilus gaudichaudi d’Orb. 16. Cerithium, sp. 17. tiCerithium (Iddigsia) levisculum Gabb 18. #+Turritella chira Olsson 19. 4+Turritella samanens’s Olsson 20. ttAmpullina ortoni Gabb 21. *Tympanotomus lagunitensis Woods 22. Faunus ? lagunitensis Woods ‘ 23. *Lagunitas peruvianus Woods “" 24. tiLagunitas samanicus Olsson 25. #t8Architectonica sullana O'sson 20. 418 Architectonia chira Olsson 27. *Terebra, sp. ** Also pre-Talara. + In Talara formation. £ In Saman sandstones. § In Oligocene. * Restricted to Lagunitas sandstones, 10 BULLETIN 62 | 10 THE TALARA FORMATION The distribution of the Talara formation is restricted to a narrow coastal belt beginning at Yasila and Jaquay Cunas a few miles south of Paita and extending north to the Tumbez river. In Ecuador, the shales which immediately lie beneath the clay- pebble bed of Baldry and Sheppard more than likely belongs to the Talara formation although its typical fauna has not been recognized. In most places, a three-fold division of the Talara formation is recognized, a middle sandstone member (the Talara sand- stones) between underlying and overlying shales. In a complete section, the Talara formation has an average thickness of about 2800 feet and has been divided as follows: Revised - Old Talara Pozo Shales Pozo Shales formation Talara Sandstones Saman Sandstones Talara Shales Saman Shales The Talara sandstones show great lateral variation from mas- sive, hard, blue sandstones with cannon-ball concretions (Talara and Lobitos) to heavy-bedded flagstones and platty sandstones or to thin-bedded papery sandstones and shales. The sandstone layers are frequently ripple marked or covered with fucoidal markings indicating deposition in very shallow waters or tidal flats. Towards the top, the Talara sandstones pass into the Pozo shales laid down in somewhat deeper waters. The Pozo shales and the Talara sandstones are convenient lithological units in areal mapping but since they contain no fossils aside from forami- nifera, need not be further considered in this paper. The lower division or the Talara shales are principally dark- colored or gray shales, sometimes passing into sandstones or even conglomerates at their base. In some cases these sandy basal layers may reach a thickness of 400 feet or more, becoming a very important oil horizon known as the Lomitos conglomerate. It is principally from these lower beds that the bulk of the Talara molluscan faunas has been obtained. Mr. Willard Berry? 3Willard Berry, 1928, Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae, vol. 21, pp. 390 to 405. 11 Otsson: PERUVIAN Eocene, Part ITT 11 has described the foraminiferal fauna of the Talara shales. In the entire coastal region, an unconformity marks the base of the Talara formation. This unconformity is beautifully ex- posed at Yasila* and Jaquay Cunas where the basal Talara rocks consisting of yellow sandstones containing an abundant fauna. rest either on slates or on small remnants of the Salina heds (Lower Middle Eocene) preserved in small down-faulted blocks amongst the older slates and granite. The Pale Gredas, Parinas and Restin formations appear to be entirely absent in this region. West of Lagunitas, the Talara unconformity is exposed along the east side of the Keswick Hills as a zone of coarse, black, quartz- itic cobbles in arenaceous shales resting upon eroded Restin shales. From this point, this unconformity may be traced in sur- face exposures north of the Great Fault of Bosworth through numerous fault blocks nearly to Talara. It is well exposed in the shale cliffs on the east side of the Talara Golf Course, as a sandy zone containing Discocyclina peruviana and Nuimmulites speciosus lying on somewhat more steeply dipping Restin shales. North of Mancora, the basal Talara formation contains lenses or reefs of Lithothamnium limestones. The importance of the Talara unconformity marking the base of the Upper Eocene in Peru, has been emphasized in our former writings. It is unquestionably the most important stratigraphic break in the entire Tertiary history of this region, indicating vast changes in the tectonic development of northern and western South America. Master faults were formed at this time in the Negritos region which strike generally north and south or parallel to the major foldings of the Andean Geosyncline. Since the Upper Eocene, structural development has followed along other lines with trends usually parallel to the present coast-line. As previously stated, the bulk of the Talara fauna has been obtained from the basal sandy or conglomeritic layers, the hori- zon of the Lomitos conglomerate or the Liothyrina peruviana -- Discocyclina peruviana zone. A few fossils have also been col- lected from certain gritty layers of local development near the top of the Talara shales but these are relatively unimportant. The 4Yasila and Jaquay Cunas. These are two localities lying about 8 to 11 kilometers respectively southwest of Piata along the coast between Punta Nermete and Isla de Foca. They are shown on the Paita sheet of the Peruvian Servicio Geographica del Ejercito 1925, 12 BULLETIN 62 12 best fossil localities are the following: Y. Yasila and Jaquay Cunas southwest of Paita. N. Salina area at the southwest ent of the Negritos Golf Course, Negritos. L. About 2 to 3 miles northwest. of Lagunitas. G. North side of Great Fault % mile northeast of Section 23, Negritos, zone of Operculina and other fossils. T. Talara Golf Course and near southeast corner of Talara tank farm. Lo. Lobitos. B. Cabo Blanco, banks of Que. Siches. C. Caleto Sal. The following lists includes all the fossil species except the smaller foraminifera and the undetermited crustacea, corals and echinoids known from the Talara formation. The capital letters following the species refer to the localities tabulated above. The prefixes * 7 ** § indicates the stratigraphic range of the species as follows: * Restricted to the Talara formation 7+ Ascending from the Restin or older beds ** Continuing into the Saman formation § Passing into the Oligocene Pelecypoda 5 ILO, Sd, NE eda. (Adrana), sp..\5 ** Arca (Argina) sullanensis Woods, T ** Arca (Argina) samanensis Olsson, T . *Glycymeris peruvianus, n. sp., Y **O strea samanensis Olsson, Y etc. *Anomia, sp., N *Mytilus, sp., N *Atrina talarensis Olsson, T . **7 dmotapus arbolensis Woods, N, Y, C . *Venericardia, sp., L *V enericardia simillina, n. sp., Y . **tV enericardia planicosta var. samanensis Olsson *Cardium, sp., L . *Cardium junceum, n. sp., Y . *Phacoides (Here) anderson, n. sp., Y . 8Phacoides (Miltha). woodi, n. sp., Y s**t Clementia peruviana, n.-sp., Y, N, C, T, etc. *Pitaria (Pitaria) yasila, n. sp., Y OO ON Wn FW ND H pj ol tel SY ep Ie ge ee (Co NI ONG EST TS P| © 13 le) Ww to W wo 4 Go tH isles DO bw DN BH YW HR wy BR OR OW wo H OW Dy An fw hd LS) Oo PMC) CI SON On a 1S TI OLsson: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT . *Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) salsola Olsson, N, Y . *Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) baldryi, n. sp., Y 2. *Macoma (Psammacoma) talarensis Olsson, T *Corbisasp:. B *Spisula (Spisula) caleta Olsson, C *Spisula (Spisula) hualtaca Olsson, C . *Spisula (Oxyperas) deserta Olsson, Y, C WICH 2, SiDey IN|, NE *Corbula, sp:, Y *Corbula boggsi Olsson, N ' . *Corbula salina Olsson, N SETS 5, Soy IN eniicoraia, spe, We . *Martesia, sp., N Gasteropoda . *Conus peruvianus, n. sp., Y . &**Conus chirensis, n. sp., Y *Drilia parina Olsson, N . *Daphnella salina Olsson, N *Eopleurotoma paytensis, n. sp., Y *Fopleurotoma wiedeyi, n. sp., Y *Hemipleurotoma arenosa, n. sp., Y . *Moniliopsis peruviana, n. sp., Y . *Moniliopsis ? paytensis, n. sp., Y *Crassisprra woodringi, n. sp., Y *Crassispira capella, n. sp., Y *Turricula (Pleurofusia) eolavinia, n. sp., Y . *Fusiturricula yasila, n. sp., Y SGenotia peruviana, n. sp., Y . *Scobinella (Mitratoma) bartschi, n. sp., Y . *Terebra negritensis, n. sp., Y, N melkeneora, Sp», Ni’ . *Cancellaria (Admete) paytensis, n. sp., Y , “Olga (OURH)) TBS, 1, So VE . *Agaroma saxosa Olsson, L . ** dA garoma inca, n. sp., N, Y . *Ancillarina pananga, n. sp., N, Y . *Voluta paytanica, n. sp., Y 13 14 BULLETIN 62 tPeruluta peruviana, var. samanica Olsson, N . **§ Peruluta mancorensis Olsson, Y . *Plejona (Volutocorbis) sula, n. sp., Y . *Lyria sabulosa Olsson, N, G, L » he yria., (DUSera, i. SPN . *Mitra (Tiara) yasila, n. sp., Y . *Foxancus talarensis, n. sp., Y, T . *Eoxancus paytensis, n. sp., Y . **TS Nancus peruvianus Olsson, C . *Clavilithes woodringi Olsson, L . *Clavilithes lagunitensis Olsson, L . *Perulithes yasila, n. sp., Y $Chiralithes cynosuris, n. sp., Y . *Cluralithes pozgoensis Olsson, L . **Peruficus lagunitensis Olsson, Y TLevifusus mallacus Olsson, L . *Typhis (Levityphis) thagus, n. sp., Y . *Murex scorpions, n. sp., Y . *Vasila paytensis, n. sp., Y . *Siphonalia (Pseudoneptunea) nuntia, n. sp., Y . *Terebrifusus placitus, n. sp., Y . *Terebrifusus lepus, n. sp., Y . **1Melongena (Cornulina) levifusoides Olsson, Y . *Dorsanum laguutensis Woods, N, Y . *Tritiaria salina Olsson, N . *Tritiaria terebratula Olsson, N . *Pollia sillapaytensis, n. sp., Y . *Polha (Endopachychilus) purpuroides, n. sp., Y . *Pseudoliva, sp., Y . **Pseudoliva samanica Olsson, N, Y, L *Pseudoliva modesta Olsson, N . **Pseudoliva coronaria, n. sp., Y . *Bursa chira, var. yasila, n. var., Y a SOSSU eS pSaNG . *Plesiotriton paytensis, n. sp., Y * Ficus otaria Olsson, N, Y . **Sconsia ? samanica Olsson, N, Y - . *Morum (Herculea) maccormacki Olsson, L . *Amphiperas bullen-newtoni, n. sp., Y 14 15 Bwbpy 4 _ Ousson: Peruvian Eocene, Part ITT . *Amphiperas negritensis Olsson, N . *Cyprea boggst Olsson, L . Cypredea, sp., Y 66. . **Cerithium (Iddingsia) levisculum Gabb . tHarrisianella peruviana Olsson, C . 8**Tyurritella chira Olsson, N, Y . §**Turritella samanensis Olsson, N, Y REMMunDOy Spe eX . tNatica (Natica) peruviana Olsson, N, Y . *Natica (Nerinatica) paytensis, n. sp., Y 4. *Polinices (Polinices) woodi Olsson, N . * Ampullina ortont Gabb, Y . *Tuba peruviana, n. sp., L, Y i Siizotia, sp, Y . &** 4 rchitectonica sullana Olsson, Y, N, etc. . $**Architectonica chira Olsson, Y, N, ete. . *Epitonium (Acrilla) peruvianwm Olsson, N, Y, L . *Epitonium (Acrilla) paytens, n. sp., Y, L *Ectinochilus gaudichaudi, var. alauda Olsson, N, Y Cephalopoda . &**Aturia alabamensis, var. peruviana Olsson, N Scaphopoda . *Cadulus, sp., Y . *Dentalium samanicum Berry, L . *Dentalium boggsi Berry, L . *Dentalium yasilum, n. sp., Y Brachiopoda . *Liothyrina peruviana Olsson, L, N, Lo, C. B 2. *Argyrotheca berryi Olsson, C Bw WH . *Argyrotheca chica Berry, C Foraminifera . *Discocyclina peruviana Cushman, L, T, Lo, B, C . *Discocyclina salensis Berry, C . *Asteriacites caleta Berry, C . *Asterodicocyclina stewarti Berry C 15 16 BULLETIN 62 16 Most of the species recorded above, were collected near Negri- tos, Lagunitas or Yasila. Although maintaining a general faunal characteristic, even nearby localities will show certain variations so that each station has its individual elements. At Yasila, the most common fossil is Turritella chira while a mile to the north, the same layers contain a pelecypod fauna with Amotapus arbo- lensis Woods and Spisula deserta as outstanding members. The same variations are found through the Negritos and Talara re- gions with even more striking differences. Near Lagunitas, the lower Talara shales contain zones filled with Liothyrina peruviana and Discocychina peruviana and a rich molluscansfauna of Clavili- thes, Morum, a small Venericardia and Verticordia. Just north of the Great Fault near Section 23, are sandy layers filled with O per- culina and a small Lepidocyclina while molluscs are quite rare. Between this station and the Talara Golf course, the beds are nearly unfossiliferous consisting principally of shales but at the Talara Golf course, the rocks become filled with Discocychna peruviana and Nummutlites speciosa. Somewhat higher, a mol- luscan fauna with Clementia peruviana, Atrina talarensis and Eoxancus talarensis occurs in thin sandstone layers near the southeast corner of the Talara tank farm. At Caleto Sal, the basal Talara is a soft, gritty sandstone with small brachiopods (Argyrotheca) and stellate Orthophragmina. In this same re- gion we also find lenses or reef-lke masses of Lithothamnium limestones which seem to reach their greatest development in Quebrada Conchudo. The varied ecological conditions brought into being by the Talara or early Upper Eocene transgression were therefore extremely favorable to the rapid evolution and expansion of a new fauna and additions to this fauna may be expected as new fossil localities are found, embracing a larger range of ecological stations. About 119 species of mollusks have been collected from the basal Talara formation. The majority or about 72% are known only from this horizon. A few of these species may be discov- ered in the Saman rocks but the larger number will probably re- main strictly Talara forms. Only 9% have come up from the older beds, a few highly specialized species as Peruluta peruvi- ana, var. samamca seem to have survived but for a short time, 17 OLSsoN: PERUVIAN EocEeNE, Part III 17 while others as Amotapus arbolensis and Venericardia planicosta var. samanensis are longer ranging forms which pass into the Saman formation while Clementia peruviana and Xancus peru- vianus although beginning in the upper Restin belong to more modern types and pass into the Middle and possibly the Upper Oligocene. About 19% represent species which pass into the Saman formation, a percentage which will probably be increased as additions are made to the Saman fauna. About 11% con- tinue into the Oligocene most of which begin in the Talara for- mation. The slight affinities of the Talara fauna with the older Peruvian Eocene should be noted. It is particularly striking in the entire absence (except as rolled or reworked fossils) of sev- eral important groups of mollusks, such as the large Cerithoids (Pseudoglaucoma lissoni, Perucerithium) the Melanatrias, Caro- [ialsune te: The evidence of the other fossil invertebrates as far as these have been studied, is even more conclusive in proving the slight affinities of the Talara fauna with the older Eocene. Three or four species of brachiopods occur in the basal Talara, the only representatives of this class in the Peruvian Tertiaries. The larger foraminifera including 2 species of Discocyclina, 1 species of Asterodiscocyclina, 1 or more species of Helicole pidina, numer- ous Lepidocyclina, Operculina and Nummutlites, all commence in . the basal Talara while these genera are entirely absent from the underlying Eocene. The Crustacea, Echinoids and Corals have not been studied but they all appear distinct from pre-Talaran forms. The relations of the Talara fauna with that of the Saman is close. About 19% of the Talaran mollusks recorded above, oc- cur in the Saman, a proportion which could be increased by in- cluding a few species ranging into the Oligocene but not defi- nitely known from the Saman. Of the Saman fauna _ itself, about 44% belong to Talara species. The Talara fauna is distinguished from the Saman by its large number of special species. It includes several species of Clavilithes whose affinities are with the older beds. Epitonium peruvianum and paytensis, Lyria sabulosa, Natica paytensis and Phacoides andersoni are but a few species of mollusk which seem to be restricted to this formation. The brachiopods are entirely 18 BULLETIN 62 18 confined to this formation while no species of Orthophragmina has been identified from the Saman or younger formations. CORRELATION In 1922, Cushman’ in his discussion of the larger foraminifera of the Bosworth collection, referred the zone of Dviscocyclina peruviana definitely to the Upper Eocene. This correlation is supported by the evidence of the mollusks and other groups of fossil invertebrates. The zone of Discocyclina peruviana lies near or at the base of the Talara formation and above a major unconformity. It marks the commencement of a new fauna quite distinct from the older Peruvian Eocene which continues to the top of the Saman sandstones. It has been shown that the Talara and Saman rocks belong to distinct formations separated stratigraphically by a regional un- conformity and by certain differences in fauna. They are both referred to the Upper Eocene and in terms of the European sec- tion, to the Bartonian and Ludian. DESCRIPMON OF VS BE CHzes Class PELECYPODA Order PRIONODESMACEA Superfamily NUCULACEA Family NUCULIDAE Adams Genus NUCULA Lamarck Nucula catalina, n. sp. Plate 1, fig. 2. Shell small to medium size, solid, subtrigonal; outline like most Nuculas is subtruncate posteriorly with the beaks near the posterior 14th; ventral margin curved with its greatest convex- ity nearly below the umbos; beaks small and inconspicuous; sur- face sculpture variable, usually appearing nearly smooth to the unaided eye but on slight magnification a submicroscopic sculp- 5Cushman, 1922, In Bosworth’s Geology of North-West Peru, p. 136. 19 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part III . 19 ture is seen, consisting of quite regular concentric wrinkles, heaviest on the umbos and along the anterior portion of the valves ; the spaces between these concentric wrinkles is crossed by regular, elevated radial threads; along the umbonal ridge, the concentric wrinkles may be finely divided into small broken threads ; the anterior and posterior submargins are nearly smooth ; interior concealed. Height 8mm.; length 9.5mm. Height 10.5mm.; length 12mm. Remarks.—This species is recognized by its elegant submi- croscopic sculpture. It is somewhat variable in this character, some shells being nearly smooth while on others it is persistant and strong. The species occurs with Dentaliwm mancorense Leda barranca, fragments of Aturia peruviana in certain hard, cherty layers in the Lower Talara shales of Que. Barrancas. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Que. Barrancas. Family LEDIDAE Adams Genus LEDA Schumacher Subgenus LEDINA Dall Leda (Ledina) barranca, n. sp. Plate 1, figs. 3, 6, 7. Shell large, solid, corbuloid to Yoldia-form; umbos small end- ing in the small scarcely curved beaks ; valves nearly equilateral, the posterior side slightly more sloping or contracted than the anterior; valves moderately convex, the greatest inflation being a short distance above the middle and frequently the surface appears slightly impressed just below the middle ; lunule narrow, lanceolate, nearly as long as the anterior-dorsal margin and de- fined by being sunk or slightly depressed below the general sur- face level; escutcheon not well exposed on any of our specimens ; anterior extremity well rounded; posterior side slightly con- stricted behind the beaks, bluntly pointed and emarginated at the extremity and weakly arcuate just in front and below; ventral margin straight in the middle, rounded on the sides; surface is smooth, except for the irregularly spaced growth-lines and occa- sional resting marks and more rarely submicroscopic radial wrinkles; hinge taxodont but not well enough exposed for de- 20 BULLETIN 62 20 tailed description. Length 26mm.; height 17mm.; semidiameter 5.5mm. Length 23mm.; height 14.25mm.; semidiameter 4mm. Remarks.—The subgenus Ledina Dall with Leda smirna Dall® (L. eborea Conrad 1860, not 1846) as type, includes certain [ocene species characterized by their solid shell, Yoldia-like form with both ends evenly rounded. A recently described species of this group is the Leda jonesi Gardner’ from Sumter Co., Ala- bama. In L. barranca, the shell is quite thick and solid and pe- culiarly corbuloid in shape. The anterior side appears to be shghtly longer than the posterior but this may not be actually the case, as the posterior side is usually more or less broken. There is a weak emargination of the posterior ventral side. The surface is polished, smoothish except for irregular growth lines. The hinge is seldom seen and always poorly exposed. In one specimen there are about 17 high taxodont teeth along the pos- terior-dorsal margin. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Yalara formation, Que. Barrancas. Superfamily ARCAKA Family ARCIDAE Dall Genus GLYCYMERIS da Costa Glycymeris peruvianus, n. sp. Plate 1, fig. 4. Shell small, subcircular, widest about the middle with an even- ly rounded ventral margin; anterior and posterior submargins straight so that the dorsal portion of the shell appears trigonal to subpointed ; shell is moderately convex, greatest just above the middle; umbos not prominent, with low, scarsely pointed beaks ; surface smoothish, with numerous, subregular, low ribs or cords, separated by wider interspaces; resting marks present, showing deep, distant, concentric rings particularly on the umbos and earlier part of the shell; hinge normal with a narrow cardinal area; posterior set of taxodent teeth 8 to 11, and generally with 2 or 3 more on the anterior side; ventral margin crenulated ex- 6Dall, 1898, Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 580. *Gardner 1929, Journ, Wash, Acad. of Sci., vol. 19, pp. 425-428, fig. 1, 21 OLSSON: PERUVIAN HOcENE, Part IIT 21 cept along the posterior and anterior sides. Height 14.5mm.; width 14.5mm.; semidiameter 4mm. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation Yasila. Order TELEODESMACEA Superfamily CARDITACEA Family CARDITIDAE Gill Genus VENERICARDIA Lamarck Subgenus VENERICARDIA s. s. Venericardia planicosta var. samanensis Olsson Ilene al, faye, iL Venericardia planicosta var. samanensis Olsson, 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 14, No. 52, p. 28, pl. 5, figs. 4, 5, pl. 6, fig. 6. This species is refigured from a very perfect specimen collect- ed by Mr. Oscar Haught in the basal Talara beds of Yasila. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation: Ne- gritos, Lagnitus, Yasila, etc. Saman formation: Lagunitus, Saman, Paita, Bayovar. Venericardia simillina, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 3. Shell small, thin, subcircular to sub-ovate, moderately convex ; in older shells the beaks become more inequilateral and in the type specimen is situated near the anterior 14th; umbos full, prominent with the greatest convexity of the shell slightly pos- terior and above the middle of the disk; there is a broad, pos- terior umbonal angle above which the surface is somewhat de- pressed or excavated; sculpture consists of about 20, narrow, knife-like, generally tuberculated ribs separated by wider and deeper interspaces; except the first 4 anterior ribs and the 5 posterior ones on the posterior-dorsal slope, the ribs are terraced on each side or stand on a broad, square basal platform above which rises the narrow central rib; the top of the central rib is usually cord-like and finely ornamented with widely spaced, small but elevated beads or tubercles; these beads seem to have been present on all the ribs but are easily destroyed by weathering, Length 18mm.; height 16mm.; semidiameter 5.5mm. Remarks.—This species 1s a member of the group of V. alt- costata Conrad. According to Harris’s figures the nearest ap- proach is found amongst the Claibornian forms, especially the 22 BULLETIN 62 22 variety designated transversa by Lea. Alticostata differs from simillina in having a greater number of ribs, the beading is coarser and less distant and in the sculptural details along the sides of the ribs. Associated with the type are several smaller V enericardia which may be the young of this species. They are more circular in form and their sculpture is less elegant. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Superfamily LUCINACEA Family LUCINIDAE Fleming Genus PHACOIDES Blainville Subgenus PSEUDOMILTHA Fischer Phacoides (Pseudomiltha ?), sp. Plate 1, fig. 5. Shell large, subcircular, subequilateral, moderately convex ; umbos low, wide; posterior-dorsal area distinct, depressed and moderately wide; dorsal or hinge-margin straight with the rest of the valve margin forming part of a nearly perfect circle; sculpture of fine, concentric growth-lines ; interior concealed. Height 93mm.; length 91mm.; semidiameter 25mm. Remarks.—Only a single, much weathered specimen of this © large lucinoid is known. Since the interior is concealed so that the presence or absence of hinge teeth is not known, it is referred to Pseudomiltha principally on account of its large size. The posterior-dorsal area is deeper and more strongly defined than on most members of this group. It resembles P. giganteus Deshayes® of the Parisian Eocene by its subcircular outlines but the umbos are higher and fuller. P. haitensis Woodring and Mansfield® from the Plaisance limestones of Haiti is longer, more depressed and with flatter umbos. P. megameris Dall” from the Yellow limestones of Jamaica is a much larger species reaching a length of 235 millimeters but only known in the form of casts. Trechmann™ in his interesting and valuable paper on the Mollusks of the Yellow limestones of Jamaica records 3 SDeshayes 1824, Coq. Fos. env. de Paris, i., p. 91, pl. 15, figs. 11, 12. 29Woodring and Mansfield 1924, Appendix 2, Geol. of Republic of Haiti., 10s lA, foil, MO) rae, ILS Go, IS), 10Dall 1901, Nautilus vol. 15; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 23, pl. 42, fig. 1. A ee 1923, Geol. Mag., vol. 60, pp. 347, 360, 361, pl. 14, fig. 5, pl. TY) aay, (oh ‘ 23 OLsson: PERUVIAN EocEeNnz, Part III 23 other Pseudomilthas which he compares with European species. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Clavilithes series, coastal phase rocks of the Clavilithes series along the base of the Amo- tape Mountains near Monte Grande, Que. Parinas. Subgenus MILTHA Adams Phacoides (Miltha) woodi, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 9, 12. Shell elevated, with the height about equal to the length, rather compressed ; beaks small, pointed, curved slightly forward over the minute and almost obsolete lunule; basal margin forming more than 34,ths of a circle in outline, except that the anterior part is straighter; anterior-dorsal area short, and defined by being depressed below the general surface of the disk; posterior- dorsal area wider, defined by a narrow sulcus and with a wide median fold from the beak to the margin and bordered above by a second sulcus; sculpture consists of very fine, concentric lines, interrupted by heavier, resting marks; this sculpture is some- what coarser on the dorsal margin; hinge with well developed cardinal teeth. Height 32mm.; length 32.5mm.; semidiameter 2.5mm. Rema: ks.—This species is a true Miltha belonging to the group exemplified by P. (M.) childreni Gray of the Brazilian coast, P. aantusi Dall of the Gulf of California and several fossil species. Commencing in the basal Talara beds, this species continues through the Saman into the Chira and Mancora formations. The Saman sandstone specimens in our collection are usually smaller, heavier and slightly more convex than the forms from the basal Talara and Mancora rocks. The Middle Oligocene shells from the Mirador sandstones of the Chira valley are very similar to the typical form from the basal Talara. Other species of Miltha in the Peruvian Eocene are Lucina paytensis Woods” and Phacoides conventus Olsson. L. paytensis differs in being more quadrate, less circular in form, the ventral margin is straighter and the beaks are lower and less pointed. Miltha theringiana Doella-Jurado™ from the Enterriene formation of 12Woods, 1922, p. 70, pl. 4, figs. 5a, 5b. 130lsson, 1929, Bulls. Amer. Pal., No. 57, p. 9, pl. 3, fig. 3. 14M. Doello-Jurado, 1919, Physis (Rev. de la Soc. Arg. de Ciencias Natur- ales), t. 4, pp. 558-562, figure, 24 BULLETIN 62 24 Argentine differs principally in being larger. Locality and Geologic Occurrence—Mancora formation, Que. Charanal; Saman formation, Casa Saman; Talara formation, Yasila Subgenus HERE Gabb Phacoides (Here) andersoni, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 5, 6, 7. Shell small, solid, moderately convex; the shape of the shell is generally subcircular with the beaks slightly anterior of the middle; anterior-dorsal side straight with a very small, sunken lunule; posterior-dorsal area wide, depressed, wing-like and de- fined by a deep sulcus or groove; sculpture of wide, heavy, rounded, concentric ribs (recalling those of Lirophora) and sep- arated by deep, wide grooves; they are usually about 8 in num- ber and continue across the posterior-dorsal submargins to the ventral margin; interior of the shell deep, with the ventral mar- gin appearing smooth or weakly crenulated; hinge with strong cardinal and lateral teeth. Length 7.75mm.; height 8.25mm.; semidiameter 3mm. Length 9.25mm.; height 9mm.; semidiameter 3.5mm. Length 8mm. ; height 8mm. ; diameter 7mm. Remarks.—When first collected, this shell was believed to be- long to the genus Volupia of Defranc. Volupia is described as having a large lunule, 3 cardinal teeth and its figure shows a strongly trigonal shell and no differentiated posterior-dorsal sub- margin, Fischer’ believed Volupia to belong to the Veneride and placed it near Anaitis and the Chiones. Dall'® followed Fischer in placing Volupia with the Veneride as a section of Chione but with misgivings that the shell was really a lucinoid and related to Here. The lucinoid affinites of Volupia was finally fully established by Cossmann and Pissaro with Gradilu- cina Cossmann based on Lucina tabulata Defr. of the Parisien Eocene falling as a direct synonym 77. Anderson’s lV’. bolivarensis'® from the Eocene of Colombia may be a true Volupia but it is said to have a small lunule and a 15Fischer, 1887, Manuel de Conchyliologie, p. 1084. 16Dall, 1903, Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. 3, pt. 6, p. 1288. 17Cossmann and Pissaro, 1904-06, Icon, complete des Coq. de l’Eocene de Paris, pl. 27, fig. 82-1 and footnote. isAnderson, 1928, Proc. Calif. Acad. of Sciences, vol. 17, p. 22, pl. 1, figs. 7, 8. 25 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part III 25 flange-like projection on the posterior side descending from the shell which suggests a differentiated posterior-dorsal area. The Lucina dolabra Conrad’? from the Claiborne sands of Alabama may be a true Volupia. In this shell, the lunule is deep, the pos- terior-dorsal area is very narrow but defined by a deep groove and the external sculpture consists of coarse, broad, irregular concentric ribs. Broken specimens of ancersoni may resemble Anderson’s fig- ure of Volupia bol varensis but perfect shells differ by their more circular form, apparently more numerous ribs and strong- er posterior-dorsal area. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yaslia. Phacoides (Here) nonurensis, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 8. Shell of medium size, coarse, inequilateral, plump; outlines subeircular to subquadrate with the small, pointed beaks near the anterior 1/3rd; posterior-dorsal areas defined by being de- pressed below the general surface level but not delimited by any evident line or sulcus; lunule large, broadly lanceolate; surface sculpture consists primarily of coarse, elevated, thick concentric ridges between wide, flat interspaces; the ribs on the holotpye have an average spacing of 1 1/2 millimeters on the middle of the disk but become much closer and crowded on the dorsal areas; lunule large, lanceolate pouting in the middle, coarsely sculp- tured by the ends of the concentric ribs; interior concealed. Height 20mm. ; leneth 20.5mm.; diameter 13.5mm. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Saman formation, Nonura Bay Sechura. Talara formation, Caleta Sal. Superfamily CARDIACEA Family CARDIIDAE Fischer Genus CARDIUM Linné Cardium junceum, n. sp. Plate 2, figs. 4, 10. Shell small, thin, convex, subquadrate to subcircular truncate behind; umbos high, prominent and full with the greatest infla- tion of the shell about the center of the disk; basal and anterior margin evenly rounded, the posterior straight or slightly curved; 19Conrad, 1833, Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. 23, p. 343, Harris, 1919, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 6, p. 111, pl. 37, figs. 17-21. 26 BULLETIN 62 26 the posterior-umbonal slope is slightly angled or rounded, feebly defining the posterior-dorsal submargins from the rest of the surface; posterior-dorsal submargins flattened to slightly con- cave; sculpture consists of strong, ornamented ribs and inter- spaces, strongest on the medial portion of the shell, smaller on sides ; the ribs number about 27 with 19 ribs anterior of the um- bonal angle; the ribs are square in section, separated by deep, wide, flat interspaces; the summit of the ribs are generally ex- foliated but when perfect are ornamented with a line of fairly large, closely spaced beads or tubercles; the flat interspaces and sides of the ribs are scalloped or cross-striated by evenly spaced incised lines; hinge of left valve with 2 cardinal teeth, the an- terior one much the larger and 2 deep, lateral sockets. Height 16.5mm. (imperf.) ; length 16mm.; semidiameter 6mm. Height 15mm. ; length I14mm.; semidiameter 5.5mm. Height 18mm. ; length 17.5mm.; semidiameter 4.5mm. Remarks.—From C. samanicum, this species differs by its con- stantly smaller size, thinner shell and more numerous ribs. The Fragum or Trigomocardiwm-like form is not so well delevoped as in that species. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara format 4, Yasila. Superfamily VENERACEA Family VENERIDAE Leach Genus PITARIA Romer Subgenus PITARIA s. s. Pitaria (Pitaria) yasila, n. sp. Plate 2, fig. 11. Shell of medium size, oblong or subquadrate, convex ; basal or ventral margin rounded in the anterior portion, becoming nearly straight towards the posterior side; dorsal side arcuate; anterior extremity more narrow, rounded, produced beyond the tip of the beaks which are situated near the anterior 144th; the shell is moderately convex, greatest about the center with a fairly prom- inent but rounded posterior-dorsal, umbonal slope; a shallow dor- sal-anterior slope is present on the opposite or anterior side of the beaks, between which the umbos or center of the shell disk 27 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Parr IIT 27 appears flattened or slightly impressed; surface smooth, with the growth lines somewhat stronger along the posterior-dorsal edge ; anterior adductor muscle scar deep; hinge unknown. Length 45.5mm.; height 30.5mm.; diameter 23mm. (mold). Remarks.—In outlines, this species resembles the Meretrix angeline Harris®® from the Eocene of Angelina County, Texas. The Peruvian species is smaller, more convex, with larger and more prominent umbos and shorter, more pointed anterior ex- tremity. Although several specimens are known, they are all poorly preserved with all or only a part of the external shell remaining. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Subgenus LAMELLICONCHA Dall Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) baldryi, n. sp. ePlater2tiosh lena Shell small, thin, delicate, ovate-elliptical, inequilateral ; umbos high, full with prominent beaks situated near the anterior 1/3rd; lunule small, deeply impressed or excavated, smooth; anterior side below the lunule is evenly rounded; posterior end blunt; ventral margin evenly rounded; posterior-dorsal side straight or slightly arcuate; surface sculpture consists of narrow, thin, ele- vated and distantly spaced lamellae which on the middle of the shell disk are approximately 2mm. apart, but become much closer near the ventral margin; they are lacking from a narrow zone bordering the posterior-dorsal margin and from the lunule; the flat intespaces are further marked with weak, subobsolete strize; interior of the shell moderately deep; ventral margin smooth. Length 20.5mm.; height 15.5mm.; semidiameter 4.5mm. Remarks.—In type of sculpture, this species is nearest LP. parinensis Olsson but differs by its thinner and more delicate shell, higher umbos and beaks and more pointed posterior ex- tremity. The concentric lamelle are also more delicate and widely spaced. The species is named for Mr. R. A. Baldry, Geologist of the Lobitos Oilfield, Ltd., at Lobitos. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. 20Harris, 1919, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 8, p. 17, pl. 2, figs. 12, 18. Palmer, 1927, Pal. Americana, vol. 1, no. 5, p. 225, pl. 4, figs. 16, 19. 28 BULLETIN 62 28 Class GASTROPODA Subclass STREPTONEURA Order CTENOBRANCHIATA Superfamily TOXOGLOSSA Family TEREBRIDAE Adams Genus TEREBRA Bruguiére Subgenus STRIOTEREBRUM Sacco Terebra (Strioterebrum) negritensis, n. sp. Plate 5, figs. 5, 8, 16. Shell small slender, solid, porcellaneous and generally whitish in color; nucleus small of about 2 whorls with submerged tip; subsequent whorls 10, straight or slightly convex with a slow, even taper; sutures linear, close and slightly appressed; body- whorl of medium size and about 1/3rd the length of the whole shell; a sutural band present on all except the nuclear whorls bordered below by a weak, broad groove; axial ribs on spire- whorls are quite strong, become low, obsolete and irregular on the later; on the spire-whorls, the sutural band is weakly nodu- lated by the ends of the ribs, partially disjointed by the sutural groove and then continued as narrow, straight or slightly curved ribs to the lower suture; on the penultimate and last whorl, the ribs below the sutural are quite irregular and often nearly absent; surface generally appears nearly smooth and poreclaneous but close examination of perfect shells show very fine spiral strie; anterior canal of moderate length, straight; columellar probably smooth, unarmed. Length 16mm. ; diameter 3mm, Remarks.—All of our specimens have the aperture filled with matrix wholly or partly concealing the columella from view but as far as can be determined the pillar appears to be smooth and unarmed. On most shells the surface is smoothish, porcellan- eous and white, with the axial sculpture fading and becoming irregular on the penultimate and body-whorl. When perfectly preserved however, the entire surface on magnification is seen to be covered with fine spiral threads. Another Strioterebrum is found at Yasila. It is a small, sub- Se 29 OLSson: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part III 29 ulate species with a persistant sutural band defined by a deep, spiral groove. It is sculptured with numerous, narrow and equal axial riblets and persistent spiral threads. The specimens are however too poorly preserved for naming and further char- acterization. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Valara formation, Salina near Negritos, Yasila. Family CANCELLARIIDAE Adams Gensus ADMETE Kroyer Subgenus ADMETE Kroyer Section BONELLITIA Jousseaume Admete (Bonellitia) paytensis, n. sp. Plate 11, fig. 5. Shell small, delicate, high-spired; protoconch small, smooth, eroded; subsequent whorls about 4, strongly convex between deep and slightly grooved sutures; last whorl large, moderately convex near or just above the middle with a sloping base ending in a pointed anterior canal, narrowly umbilicate ; sculpture strong- ly reticulate on the spire-whorls with 5 or 6 spiral cords and nearly equal, small longitudinal riblets; on the last whorl of ma- ture shells, the spirals are generally stronger than the riblets and alternate in strength; varices or hump-like shoulders occur on the last whorl approximately 180 degrees apart ; aperture sub- trigonal with the outer lip internally crenate; columella with 2 strong plications. . Height 15mm.; diameter 1omm.; aperture 10mm. Remarks.—This species resembles Admete luffa Olsson from the Restin of Jabonillal but has a finer and more irregular sculp- ture. Location and Geologic Occurrence.—Valara formation, Yasila. Family TURRIDAE Genus EOPLEUROTOMA Cossmann Eopleurotoma paytensis, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 11, 16, 17. Shell small or medium size with the spire much longer than 30 BULLETIN 62 30 the aperture; nucleus small, bulimoid of 3 smooth whorls; post- nuclear whorls 6 or 7 forming a rather long, moderately tapering spire; spire whorls straight to slightly convex in profile between straight linear sutures; fasciole feeble bordered above and next to the suture by a heavy, keel-like cord; sculpture of ribs and spirals, the ribs generally disappearing from the last whorl and— on'y the spirals remaining; the ribs number about 11 to a turn, they are low and extend from the fasciole to the lower suture; spiral sculpture consists of closely spaced, even spiral cords which on the spire whorls number 8 or 9 and 21 or 22 on the last whorl; anal sinus is Twurris-like, deep, broad and situated just below the feeble anal fasciole; aperture short, subelliptical with a short, stubby anterior canal; inner lip smooth or armed internally with several long, irregular lire. Length 16mm.; diameter 4.50mm.; aperture 5.75mm. Remarks.—Eopleurotoma cf. bicatena Lam. has been recorder by Trechmann?' from the Scotland beds of Barbados. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—TValara formation, Yasila. Eopleurotoma wiedeyi, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 5, 10, 11. Shell much resembling paytensis but larger with a more con- tracted body-whorl and longer anterior canal; whorls 9 with a feeble, anal fasciole situated near the middle of the upper half of the spire-whorls so that their profile appears to be slightly concave; above the fasciole, the suture is bordered by a ribbon- like fold; sculpture consists of 8 low ribs on the middle of each whorl, lacking from the base of the body-whorl; the whole sur- face is crossed by spiral threads; on the last whorl, the primary spirals number about 24, with 16 from the shoulder to the tip of the anterior canal; they are fairly widely spaced, with 3 or 4 very fine spirals in the interspaces ; growth-lines closely crowd- ed, forming a finely cancellated submicroscopic sculpture; anal sinus wide, situated as in Turris on the middle of the whorl; anterior canal of moderate length, slightly curved. Length 2tmm.; diameter 6mm.; aperture 9mm. Remarks.—This species may be mistaken for the young of Crassispira woodringi but the ribbing is quite different. It is 21Trechmann 1925, Geol. Mag., vol. 62, p. 497, pl. 24, f. 24. 31 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EOCENE, Part IIT 31 named for Dr. Lionel Wiedey of the Geological Department at Negritos. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—TValara formation, Yasila. Genus HEMIPLEUROTOMA Cossman Hemipleurotoma arenosa, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 4, 5, 6. Shell small, fusiform with the spire more than twice the length of the aperture; nucleus very small, eroded; subsequent whorls 6 or 7, convex or shouldered about the middle with a con- cave or constricted zone on each side of the suture; fasciole broad, concave or sloping, bordered next to the suture by a spiral cord which is much heavier on the earlier whorls; last whorls larger and more convex with a short, slender, pointed anterior canal; shoulder of whorls with numerous, low, bead-like ribs lacking from the rest of the shell; these ribs are strongest on the spire-whorls and may become absent or obsolete on the body- whorl; the surface is further sculptured by fine and coarse spiral threads arranged as follows: a sutural cord already mentioned, generally I or 2 primary spirals on the shoulder crossing the bead-like ribs, a set of 3 or more irregular primary threads on the middle and base of body-whorl passing into closely spaced but smaller threads on the anterior canal, fine secondaries in the fasciole and on the interspaces between the larger spirals; aper- ture subelliptical with a short but slender anterior canal; anal sinus deep, situated Turris-fashion on the shoulder. Length 17mm.; diameter 6.25mm.; aperture 7.5mm. Length 19.25mm.; diameter 7mm. ; aperture 8mm. Remarks.—This shell is probably correctly referred to Coss- mann’s genus Hemuipleurotoma. Cossmann at first considered Pl. archimedis Bell. as genotype, later changing to Pl. denticula Bast. Several species of Hemipleurotoma grouped about Pi. childrem Lea occur in the Claiborne sands. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus MONILIOPSIS Conrad Moniliopsis peruviana, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 7, 12, 18, 19. Shell small or medium size, with a long, slender spire and 32 BULLETIN 62 32 shorter aperture; whorls 8 or more, those of the spire straight to slightly convex so that the profile of the spire is nearly straight ; sutures straight, slightly excavated; sutural fasciole absent or very feeble; body whorl not quite half the length of the shell and generally somewhat more convex than the spire whorls ; aper- ture subelliptical with a straight, stout, stubby anterior canal; the inner lip is somewhat callused and usually with a narrow umbilical chink at the tip of the anterior canal; sculpture con- sists principally of coarse, closely spaced, regular spirals sep- arated by deep grooves; the spirals number 9 on the spire whorls and 19 or 20 on the last whorl; the earliest spire-whorls have a few low ribs but most of them have only a spiral sculp- turing; anal sinus is Turris-like, deep, wide and situated on the middle of the whorls; outer lip with long, narrow, internal lire. Length 21mm.; diameter 5.5mm.; aperture 7.25mm. Remarks.—Pleurotoma elaborata Conrad*? the type of the genus Moniliopsis®® is a beautiful Scobinella-like shell but with a straight, smooth pillar. The sculpture consists principally of coarse, rope-like spiral cords. but which can hardly be called cancellate as described by Conrad. The present species although not agreeing entirely with Moniliopsis is nearest that genus in general form and type of sculpturing. Dall has described sev- eral species of Pleurotomoids from the recent Pacific fauna which he refers to Monihopsis. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—-Talara formation, Yasila. Moniliopsis ? paytensis, n. sp. Plates. figss Sy lAaali5: Shell small, slender with a long, tapering, acute spire and rel- atively short, sub-elliptical aperture; nucleus eroded, very small ; subsequent whorls 9, sculptured with strong, acute spiral cords separated by deep, concave interspaces; sutures close, indistinct ; the sculpture is Mitra-like consisting of sharp, elevated, spiral threads between wide, deep, concave interspaces; the spirals number about 3 on the spire-whorls, 6 on the middle and base of last whorl; on the anterior canal, the spirals are more irregular and crowded; the grooved interspaces may have one or more secondary threads and further sculptured with close-set, raised threads parallel to the growth-lines; aperture subelliptical with a short anterior canal; pillar straight smooth; anal sinus when 22Conrad 1832, Foss. Shells Tert. Form., 1, p. 52, pl. 17, fig. 19. 23Conrad 1865, Amer. Journ. Conch., vol. 1, p. 143. 33 Otsson: PERUVIAN HoceNnsz, Part IIT 33 discernible is situated Twrris-like on the shoulder or just above the middle of the whorl; inner lip moderately heavy and often bearing one or more internal lire. Length 18mm.; (imperf.) ; diameter 5mm.; aperture 5mm. Length 14.5mm.; diameter 4mm.; aperture 5mm. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus CRASSISPIRA Swainson Crassispira woodringi, n. sp. Plate 3, fig. 1. Shell of medium size, solid; whorls about 9; nucleus absent ; spire whorls slightly convex between close, indistinct sutures with a sloping, broad but scarsely constricted anal fasciole and in which the anal sinus lies in the lower half and just above the shoulder of the whorl; the whorls are feebly shouldered, this shoulder ‘bearing on the last turn about 8 low, knob-like ribs which become nearly obsolete on the back of the body-whorl ; the ribs are. absent from the fasciolar band; the spiral sculpture is quite weak and consists of primary, secondary and tertiary threads; the spirals of primary strength consists of a single thread a short distance below the upper suture, 2 or 3 threads on the spire whorl between the shoulder and the lower suture and 15 or more on the last whorl between the shoulder and the tip of the canal; the primary spirals are subregular in size and spacing with fairly wide interspaces; secondary threads occur mainly in the fasciolar area and are irregular in size and spacing ; the whole surface is further overrun by very fine secondaries ; growth lines strong, crowded on the last whorl; the anal sinus is deep, narrow and situated just above the shoulder angle; an- terior canal moderately long, strongly twisted, often developing a pronounced fold at the tip. Length 30mm. ; diameter 9.5mm.; aperture 13mm. Length 34mm. ; diameter 9mm. ; aperture 13.5mm. Remarks.—The anterior canal is moderately long, stout and strongly twisted near the tip but shorter than in the forms gen- erally grouped near or with Turricula. The anal fasciole is sloping, scarsely constricted, with the deep anal sinus situated just above the shoulder and some distance below the upper su- ture. It is more slender than typical Crassispira. It is possibly 34 BULLETIN 62 34 distantly related to Turris (Surcula) resina Dall** recent in the Gulf of Panama and to Woodring’s?® Crassispira aegis from Bowden. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Crassispira capella, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 3, 4. Shell small or medium size, solid, biconic with the spire some- what longer than the aperture and anterior canal; nucleus (eroded) small, pointed, followed by 7 or 8 subsequent whorls ; sutures close, indistinct, bordered by a cord or keel between it and the fasciole; fasciole wide and concave, but not sharply de- limited from the rest of the shell surface; the fasciole occupies nearly 2/3rds of the surface of each spire-whorl; sculpture con- sists of heavy, distant ribs and spirals; the ribs number about 6 on the last whorl; they are strong and knob-like on the lower half of each spire-whorl; the spiral sculpture consists of strong, raised primary cords on the lower half of each spire whorl or below the fasciole; the spirals overrun the top of the axial ribs; on the last whorl there are 6 or 7 threads on the middle and base with 12 or more on the anterior canal; secondaries and fine spiral threadlets occur in the wide interspaces between the pri- maries and over the fasciole; growth-lines closely crowded, with the anal sinus lying in the center of the sutural fasciole; anterior canal of moderate length, stout, straight. Length 20mm.; diameter 6.5mm.; aperture 9mm. Remarks.—This species seems correctly referred to Crassis- pira as that genus is commonly used at present. It resembles Dall’s figure®® of Crassispira bacchia of the recent Lower Cal- ifornian fauna. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus TURRICULA Schumacher Subgenus PLEUROFUSIA Gregorio Turricula (Pleurofusia) eolavinia, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 2, 9, 10. Shell small, moderately slender and coarsely sculptured; nuc- 24Dall 1908, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 48, no. 6, p. 264, also Dall 1919, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 56, p. 16, pl. 2, fig. 4. 25Woodring 1928, Constr. to the Geology and Paleontology of the West areal Carnegie Institution of Washington, No. 385, p. 151, pl. 4, (Ro WA. : 26Dall 1919, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 56, p. 25, pl. 6, fig. 1. So 35 Ousson: PERUVIAN Eocene, Part III 35 leus small pointed; post-nuclear whorls about 8 or 9 according to the size and maturity of the shell, sculptured with low ribs and coarse spirals; upper half of the spire-whorls deeply con- stricted to form the anal fasciole which is nearly smooth ex- cept for very fine, submicroscopic threadlets and usually a sin- gle, large spiral thread just below the suture; the longitudinal or axial sculpture is formed on the spire-whorls by 4 or 5, low ribs which occur only on the middle of the whorls and are lacking from the anal fasciole; on the last whorl they generally become irregular or subobsolete and do not extend far below the shoul- der; the spiral sculpture is uniformily coarse and harsh; on the spire-whorls there are generally 4 threads between the anal fasciole and the lower suture, increasing to 15 or 16 on the body- whorl; they are spaced subregularly between much wider, band- like interspaces ; on the center of the whorl, the interspaces have a central, larger secondary thread, or a variable number of much smaller tertiary threads; anterior canal long and very slender. Length 29mm. ; diameter 9.5mm. ; aperture 13mm. Remarks.—Along with several other groups which begin in the basal Talara beds, this species is the first of a phylogenetic series with representative species in the Oligocene, Miocene and recent faunas. In the Peruvian Oligocene, this group is repre- sented by a new species, Turricula piura. The Miocene species include the Turricula lavinoides Olsson from Costa Rica, and Turricula jacquensis Sowerby from Santa Domingo. The recent species 1s Turricula lavinia Dall from the West Coast of Mexico. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus FUSITURRICULA Woodring Fusiturricula yasila, n. sp. Plate 3, fig. 3. Shell small, slender, the spire somewhat longer than the aper- ture and anterior canal; whorls 8 or 9, the first 2 or 3 nuclear whorls appearing to be smooth while the others are sculptured with fairly large, distant ribs crossed by fine spiral threads; the ribs number 5 to each turn; they are nearly in line on adjacent whorls except on the spire where they may be irregularly spaced; on the last whorl, the ribs are quite heavy on the upper and mid- dle portion of the whorl but lacking from the anterior canal; the 36 BULLETIN 62 36 sutural area is constricted and ornamented with a strong sutural cord; fine spiral threads overrun the whole surface of the shell, the summit of the ribs and their interspaces; anal sinus deep, lying in the sutural fasciole; anterior canal fusoid, long, slender and straight; pillar or columella straight. Length 21mm. (imperf.); diameter 6.50mm. Length 20.5mm. ; diameter 7.50mm. Remarks.—This is a Fusus-like species and small shells not showing the anal sinus might easily be mistaken for members of the Fusidae. The anterior canal is long, slender and nearly straight. Sculpture consists of heavy but not prominent, dis- tant ribs which are lacking from the smoothish sutural fasciole and from the base of the last whorl. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus GENOTIA, H. and A. Adams Genotia peruviana, n. sp., Plate 4, figs. 1, 2. Shell small to medium size, thin with strongly coronated whorls and high scalar spire; nucleus rather large of 3 convex turns, the first quite small, the other 2 large and nearly equal in size; post-nuclear whorls 3 or 4, strongly shouldered about the upper 1/3rd, this shoulder angle bearing a series of weak knobs or tu- bercles, sometimes without; above, the shoulder is flat, sloping or barely concave, while below the sides of the whorl is straight to the lower suture; sutures distinct bordered on the anterior side by a simple or beaded spiral; last whorl large, slowly contracting to the anterior tip; sculpture of moderately strong, regular spirals covering the whole shell but sometimes more crowded on the shoulder angle which also may have faint knobs or tubercles ; posterior sinus wide, the center lying along the shoulder angle; inner lip crenulated. Height 14.5mm.; diameter 6mm.; Yasila 18mm.(broken tip and canal, 3 whorls) diameterg.5mm 22mm. (estimated length) 18mm. (4 whorls, broken tip and canal) ; diameter 8.5mm. 20mm. (estimated length) 37 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT Bil Remarks.—This species although well represented in our col- lection by numerous specimens, is usually poorly preserved and it has been necessary to select for the Holotype, a small but near- ly perfect specimen from Yasila. The protoconch as described above, is fairly large and composed of 3 or 4 convex, smooth whorls. In the basal Talara beds, our largest specimen has a length of about 17mm. The Oligocene specimens are larger and heavier and represent shells which may have reached a length of 25mm. or more when perfect. These later shells do not differ in any important degree from the Eocene examples. The genus Genot‘a has not been generally recognized in the American Tertiaries, but probably several species will be sep- arated after a critical study of the described forms of Turridae. The Conus pulcherrimus Heilprin?’, as may be seen by the excel- lent figure of Aldrich?* belongs to this genus. Fossil species of Genotia are well-known in the European and Indian Tertiaries and the living species mitraeformis Kiener is found along the west coast of Africa. Genotia peruviana resembles Cossmann’s*® figure of Clathur- ella Millett (Desm.), from the Miocene of Peluoa but the sinus is Turris-like or situated on the shoulder. They also resemble the Genotia pulcherrima Heilprin already referred to and Genotia birmanica Vredenburg*® from the Miocene of India. Genus SCOBINELLA Conrad Subgenus MITRATOMA, n. subg. Type. Scobinella (Mitratoma) bartschi, n. sp. The following is a description of the subgenus Mitratoma. Shell small or medium-sized, Mitra-like but with a shorter an- terior canal and a deep sutural fasciole; nucleus unknown; spire about 1.5 times the length of the aperture; the anal fasciole is quite deep, bordered above by a strong, sutural cord and below by the angled shoulder of the whorl; sculpture is Mitra-like con- sisting principally of deep, spiral grooves forming broad, flat 27Heilprin, 1879. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 213, pl. 13, fig. 8. 28Aldrich, 1897, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 2, p. 173, pl. 5, fig. 7. 29Cossmann, 1895, Pal. comp., vol. 2, pl. 6, figs. 36, 37. 30Vredenburg, 1922, Records Geol. Sur. of India, vol. 53, p. 182, pl. 15, figs. 4, 5. 38 BULLETIN 62 38 spiral bands; shoulder or anterior side of anal fasciole feebly ribbed or noded; anal sinus small, lying in the center of the su- tural fasciole; columella straight provided with 4 Scobinella or Mitra-like, low folds; outer lip strongly lirated within. Remarks.—Mitratoma is obviously related to Scobinella of Conrad but differs by its still more Mitra-like form and sculpture. In Scobinella, the whole surface including the fasciole is covered with close and beautifully beaded spiral cords. Both have the interior of the outer lip strongly lirated. Scobinella (Mitratoma) bartshi, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 6, 7, 8, 9. Shell small or medium-size, Mitra-form, stout; nucleus small, pointed but not well-preserved on any of our specimens; post- nuclear whorls 7 or more, forming an evenly tapering spire about 1.5 times the length of the aperture; sutural fasciole pro- nounced deep and occupying slightly more than 1/3rd the width of the spire-whorls; it is bordered on the posterior side by a strong sutural cord and on the anterior side by a sharply angled shoulder; the spire-whorls have the shoulder sharply noded by strong, oblique riblets which usually fade out on the penultimate - and last whorl; the more pronounced sculpture of the body-whorl is strong spiral bands, very wide in the middle and next to the shoulder, narrower and more cord-like on the anterior canal; anterior canal stout, short; columella straight with 3 or 4 Scobinella-like folds, stronger above; interior of outer lip strong- ly and closely lirated. Height 16.25mm.; diameter 5.5mm.; aperture 7mm. Remarks.—The appearance of this species is strongly Mitra- like and its pleurotomoid affinities would be doubted, -were it not for its deep, pronounced sutural fasciole and small but typical anal sinus. The columella is provided with 3, 4 or more Scobin- ella-like folds which become lower and weaker towards the an- terior side. It is quite common in the Lower Talara shales of Yasila. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Valara formation, Yasila. 31Conrad 1848, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 1, p. 120. 39 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EOcENE, Part III 39 Family CONIDAE Adams Genus CONUS Linné Conus chiraensis, n. sp. Plate 5, figs: 1,2, 4; 10: Shell small or medium-size ; in porportions the height approxi- mately twice the diameter; the spire is flat to slightly elevated or ~ conic; shells with a flat spire, have a higher, projecting tip, formed of the nuclear and early post-nuclear whorls; in the higher spired forms, the outline of the spire is low, conic with a higher, projecting nuclear tip; sides of last whorl straight; shoulder of the body-whorl is sharply angled, below which the upper face of the whorl is usually feebly rounded or beveled; post-nuclear whorls about 8, with concave spire faces, lying be- tween the high, ridge-like, peripheral edge of the whorl and the inner sutures; this concave zone sculptured with about 4 low, broad spirals and finer transverse (radial) lines; surface of the whorl below the shoulder is smooth, po'ished except for growth lines and feeble, irregular spirals on the anterior canal, the growth lines are straight below, curving above to the right and deeply retracted at the shoulder; anterior canal with 12 or more feeble, irregular spiral threads; aperture long, narrow. Height 39mm. (broken) ; diameter 31mm. 45mm. ; 28mm. 32mm. (broken) ; 20mm. Remarks. —The distinguishing characteristics of this Cone are the straight smooth sides, feebly sculptured with revolving spirals about the anterior canal; ‘he spirally-sculptured spire whorls ; and strong'y retracted growth lines at the sharp shoulder angle. The flat spired shells illustrated by figure 2 is selected as the typical form. This is the dominant form in the older beds first appearing in the basal Talara of Yasila and Cunas de Jaquey near Rattaaetie niche sspired Horn illustrateds, bys —igune ot is the common Oligocene variety, but all gradations occur be- tween it and the flat-spired form. This species resembles the Conus planiceps Heilprin from the Tampa Silex beds of Florida as figured by Dall®? and the two species have probably a common ancestor. The Conus sauridens Conrad from the Jackson Eocene and C. alveatus Conrad from Vicksburg belong to the same group, but both species have the spire-whorls more concave. 40 BULLETIN 62 40 Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila and Jaquey de Cunas. Saman formation, Lagunitas, Casa Sa- man. Chira formation, near Casa Saman, Quercotilla. Man- cora formation, Que. Charanal. Conus peruvianus, n. sp. Plate 5, figs. 138, 14, 15. Shell small with moderately high spire, straight sides and gen- erally noded shoulder angle; whorls 8 or more, forming a mod- erately high, conic spire whose height is approximately 14th the full length; sutures close, distinct, situated slightly below the edge of the spire-whorls; the upper surface of the spire-whorls is flat to slightly concave, sculptured simply by the strongly curved growth-lines; the shoulder of the last whorl is strongly angled smooth or noded; the spire-whorls are coarsely noded, just above the lower suture, there being on an average about 16 nodes to a volution of a later turn; upper 2/3rds of the surface of last whorl smooth, with 8 or 9 wide spiral bands on the an- terior canal. Height 21mm.; diameter 9.5mm.; aperture 15mm. Remarks.—The noding of the shoulder angle is a variable feature some shells remaining coarsely noded throughout life while in others the shoulder angle becomes sharp and smooth on the later turns. There are several small, noded Cones which dis- tantly resemble peruvianus, Conus remondi Gabb from the Tejon Eocene of California, according to Stewart’s** figure is a smaller species with more numerous (22) shoulder nodes. Conus par- vus Lea from the Claiborne sands differs in having the upper surface of the spire-whorls finely spirally sculptured. In the Parisian Eocene, peruvianus finds its closest parallel with Conus parisiensis Desh. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Superfamily RACHIGLOSSA Family OLIVIDAE d’Orbigny Genus OLIVA Martyn Subgenus OLIVA, s. s. Oliva misti, n. sp., Plate 6, figs. 2, 6, 8, 11, 12. Shell small, stout; nucleus pointed; subsequent whorls 5 or 6, 32Dall, 1915, Bull. 90, U. S. Nat. Museum, p. 37, pl. 61, figs. 1, 2. 88Stewart 1926, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 78, p. 414, pl. 29, fig. 15. 41 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EOocENE, Part IIT 41 forming a medium-height, pointed conic spire; sutures grooved or channelled; last whorl large about 5/6th the full length of the shell, medium convex, its greatest inflation opposite the posterior end of the aperture; aperture linear, widest below but not emar- ginate; columella straight, flat, covered by a callused band merg- ing above with the parietal! callus and extending to the posterior end of the aperture; this band of callus is finely lirated nearly its full length (except for a short distance at its posterior end) ; the anterior end of the callus band is somewhat wider and heay- ier, and bearing a very weak, internal fold separated by a groove from the lirations above; this fold is but little stronger than the columellar lirations; the anterior external side of callus band is separated from the body-whorl by a deep groove so that its edges appear shelf-like or ribbed; outer lip thin, straight. Length 18mm.; diameter 7.5mm.; aperture I1mm. Length 17.5mm.; diameter 7.25mm.; aperture 10.25mm. Length 17.25mm.; diameted 6.50mm.; aperture 10.50mm. Remarks.—This species is represented by a large number of specimens from Yasila. Because of its small size and relatively long, sharp spire, it would at first be classed as an Olivella. The inner lip and columellar side are straight and finely transversely lirate throughout most of its length as in the true Olivas. The anterior part of the columellar callus is somewhat wider, encir- cling the tip of the base on the anterior side of the siphonal fasciole. The most anterior plait may continue across this band as a very faint, external fold. The genus Oliva, although so abundant in the later Tertiary and recent faunas, has not heretofore been recorded from rocks older than the Miocene. This species although small, seems to be quite typical except that the anterior lirations are not quite so strong as in most Olivas. Locality and Geologic Occurrence—Talara formation, Yasila, Talara shales of Caleto Sal. Genus ANCILLA Lamarck Subgenus ANCILLARINA Bellardi Ancilla (Ancillarina) pananga, n. sp. Plate 6, fig. 9, 10. Shell small or medium size, cylindrical with a spire of moder- 42 BULLETIN 62 42 ate length; aperture about 34,ths the length of the whole shell; whorls about 4, those of the spire nearly straight or slightly con- vex in profile; sutures distinct but usually with a thin wash of callus on the anterior side but spreading across the suture be- tween the last and penultimate whorls; body-whorl large, cylin- drical, widest about the middle; aperture long, gradually nar- rowing above, wider below and obliquely truncate; surface smoothish but under a lens showing fine spiral striations ; colum- ellar area mostly concealed with the anterior portion bearing 2 or 3, oblique plaits. Height 21mm.; greater diameter 7mm. Remarks.—This species is related to the common A. canalifera Lamarck of the Parisian: Eocene. In the French species, the spire is generally scalar with shouldered whorls formed by the upper edge of the wider, thicker callus band. The spire and penultimate whorls are longer in the Peruvian shell and hence the aperture is shorter and less effuse. Cossmann*™ placed A. canalifera in the subgenus Tortoliva of Conrad®> with Ancillarina Bellardi®® as synonym. Con- rad’s*" figure of O. texana, the type of Tortoliva is very poor and depicts a small, broken and probably immature shell. It appears probable that tevana is nothing more than a young, worn shell of the common A. staminea which would make Tortoliva a strict synonym of Conrad’s earlier Olivula. Tryon** placed Tortoliva as a synonym of Agaronia Gray. Professor Harris tells me that the type of texana which should be in the Academies collection at Philadelphia is apparently lost or misplaced. Since so much uncertainty exists regarding the status of Tortoliva it seems wisest to use Bellardi’s subgenus Ancillarina the type of which is A. suturalis Bon., a Lower and Middle Miocene species of France and the Italian Piedmonte. Five European species are listed by Cossmann from the Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene terranes. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Valara formation, Yasila. Salinas near Negritos. 34Cossmann 1899, Essais de Pal. comp., vol. 3, p. 67. 35Conrad 1865, Amer. Journ. Conch., vol. 1, p. 22. 36Bellardi 1882, Memoria delle Scienze di Torino, vol. 34, p. 419, 438. 37Conrad, 1865, idem, p. 143. 38Tryon, 1883, Manual of Conch., vol. 5, p. 60. — see oe 43 OLsson: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part III 43 Genus OLIVANCILLARIA d’Orbigny Subgenus AGARONIA Gray Olivancillaria (Agaronia) inca, n. sp. Plate 6, fig. 5. Shell of medium size, solid; spire elevated, pointed, the penul- timate and spire-whorls together about 44th the length of the shell; sutures slightly grooved; body-whorl narrow elliptical, its greatest convexity just above the middie; aperture e'ongate. pointed at the posterior end, broader anteriorly, subemarginate and obliquely truncate; columella straight with a thin, pariet.t callus above passing into a heavier callus and on the anterior half with 5 or 6, strongly oblique plaits. Length 25mm. ;diameter 10mm.; aperture 17mm. Length 30mm.; diameter 13mm.; aperture 19mm. Remarks.—The O. peruviana Woods irom the Lagun‘tas sandstones I have not seen. It differs according to Woods fig- ure by its smaller size, broader more stubby spire and by i's wider she!l. O. saxosa Olsson is a much larger, more slender shell with deeply grooved sutures. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Lo- mitos conglomerate near Negritos, Yasila) Saman formation, Casa Saman. Family MITRIDAE Genus MITRA Martyn Subgenus TIARA Swainson Mitra (Tiara) yasila, n. sp. Plate 10; figs. 1, 2. Shell small to medium size with spire and anterior canal of nearly equal length; whorls 8 or more, with straignt or slightly convex profile ; body-whorl fairly large and forming about 2/3rds of the whole shell; sculpture of low, slightly elevated spiral cords or ribbons, separated by deep, irregu'ar grooves; on the spire whorls there are usually 4 or 5 spiral cords increasing to 22 or more on the last whorl and anterior canal; aperture subelliptical ; anterior canal slightly twisted or curved; columella provided with 3 folds of which the upper 2 are much larger than the lower. Length 25mm.; diameter 8.25mm.; aperture 13mm. Length 19mm.; diameter 6.75mm.; aperture I1.5mm. Length 37mm, (impertf.). 44 BULLETIN 62 44 Remarks.—In form and sculpture, this species resembles the Mitra Almagrensis var. coralliophilla Olsson of the Costa Rican Miocene. The Peruvian species is larger with the spire and an- terior canal of more nearly equal length. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Family VOLUTIDAE Gray Genus VOLUTA Linné Voluta paytanica, n. sp. Plate 6, figs. 1, 4. Shell of medium size, solid, pyriform; spire rather low, elevated with the penultimate and last whorl strongly shouldered; nucleus as in Voluta musica is bulbous and fairly large, composed of 4 convex, smooth whorls; post-nuclear whorls 2 or more, rapidly increasing in size and becoming strongly shouldered about the upper third; this shoulder is armed with stout, pointed or spine- like ribs which number 9 or 10 on the last turn; the ribs extend but a short distance anteriorly across the face of the whorl and barely discernible from the shoulder across to the upper suture; spaces between the ribs are much wider; in addition the shoulder or sutural area is marked with numerous deep or radial cuts or grooves with narrow ridges between; there are generally 3 such ridges to each major rib and to each interspace; the secondary ridges end at the point of the ribs but extend a short distance below the ribs on the adjoining interspaces; general texture of shell is heavy, porcelaneous; aperture and columellar area un- known. Height 31mm.; greater diameter 2Imm.; aperture 20mm. Remarks.—tThe only specimen of this species is a fragment- ary shell from which the last whorl has been broken away for nearly a half turn. This condition is indicated by a heavy callus deposit of the inner lip which effectually conceals most of the surface sculpture. The anterior canal is rather short and en- circled near the base by 3 ribs, the central one being narrow and keel-like. The nucleus or protoconch is well preserved. It is large, bulbous, composed of 4, smooth convex whorls. It agrees closely with Dall’s*® figure of the nucleus of Voluta musica. 89Dall 1890, Trans, Wagner Free Institute, vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 77, pl. 6, fig. 8. 45 OLSSON: PERUVIAN Hocens, Part III 45 Until more perfect specimens are available, showing the features of the columellar region, this species is tentatively referred to the genus Voluta. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus PLEJONA Bolton Subgenus VOLUTOCORBIS Dall Plejona (Volutocorbis) sula, n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 6, 13. She!l small, subfusiform or biconic with the spire and anter- ior canal of about equal length; whorls 5 or more (nucleus de- stroyed on our specimens) ; spire of moderate length, pointed, with the spire-whorls slightly convex between distinct and slight- ly channelled sutures; body-whorl moderately inflated, widest about the upper one-third and sub-elliptical in general profile; sculpture subreticulate but with the spiral cords predominating over the axial ribs; on the spire-whorls there are 13 or 14 narrow ribs; on the penultimate whorls they are crossed by 4 strong, equal spiral cords and 2 smaller ones in the lower suture; on the last whorl of the type specimen, the axial ribs become larger and more irregular; on still larger specimens, the ribs may become obsolete and disappear; the spiral cords increase to 20 on the last whorl; aperture subelliptical with a thickened outer lip crenulated a short distance back from the edge by 12 or 13, narrow denticles or lire; columella or pillar somewhat excavated in the middle and bearing 3, oblique, revolving plaits; siphonal sinus or canal shallow. Length 16mm. ; diameter 8.5mm. ; aperture 11mm. ; (Holotype) 23.5mm. 29mm. (2 whorls) ; 15mm. Remarks.—Most of our specimens are broken or crushed and it has been necessary to select a small example as the holotype having a length of about 16mm., but the average size of the species seems to be between 22 to 24mm. There are also 2 large, immature specimens which may belong to a related species. Their sculpture is less harsh, ribs obsolete and the spiral cords are more irregular in strength. V’. sula resembles V. limopsis Conrad*? of the Midway Eocene and type of Dall’s subgenus V olutocorbis 40Harris, 1896, Bulls, Amer. Pal., col. 1, p. 198, pl. 8, fig. 3. 46 BULLETIN 62 46 but has a higher and more pointed spire, coarser and less tuber- cular sculpture. A striking feature of the species, is the thick- ened, crenulated outer lip. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus LYRIA Gray Lyria busera, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 3, 5. Shell of medium size, solid with coronated or shouldered whorls; whorls 4 or more (the tip of the spire with the proto- conch missing), solid, coronated with 8 or 9, fairly strong ribs or knobs; these ribs are strong and persistant on the spire whorls and cross from suture to suture; they become irregular and obsolete on the lower half of the body whorl and on large shells the lower part of this whorl may be smooth; the. surface is smooth, porcelaneous and aside from the ribs, sculptured simply with crowded growth lines; anterior canal slightly twisted with a deep, siphonal sinus at its tip; aperture destroyed in our speci- mens ; columella straight with 5 plaits or lire. Length 33mm.; diameter 19mm.; (4 whorls) 35mm. ; 23mm. Remarks.—The type specimens of this species come from the Restin shales north of Negritos. We have also a sing'e crushed shell from the lower Talara shales of Yasila. The species re- sembles Lyria turgidula Deshayes of the Parisien Eocene but has less numerous and less persistant ribs. It also resembles the Voluta quinqueplicata Bayan of the Lutetien of Beynes. In typical Lyria as exemplified by its genotype Lyria nucleus Lamarck there are but 3 plice situated on the columella of the very short anterior canal. The parietal callus is thin or lacking and the outer lip is not greatly thickened. Most of the fossil species credited to Lyria differ by having a greater number of plaits which continue upward across the heavier parietal callus. Lyria lyrifornis Broderip recent of Australia agrees in these characters best with the fossil forms. The parietal callus is heavy and besides the 2 strong folds on the columella there are 12 or more, smaller, regular plaits along the parietal wall. The outer lip is thickened or rib-like. The protoconch of lyriformis is large while it is very small in nucleus. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Restin formation, north of Negritos; Talara formation, Salina near Negritos, Yaslia. 47 OLSsson: PERUVIAN EocrNnE, Part IIT 47 Family XANCIDAE Genus XANCUS (“Bolten”) Roeding Subgenus EOXANCUS, n. subg. The following is a description of the Subgenus Eowxancus. Type Xancus (Eoxancus) talarensis, n. sp. Shell of medium size, subfusiform, solid; spire high of moder- ate taper, equalled or s.ightly exceeded by the anterior canal; nucleus unknown; eariy post-nuciear whorls strongly sculptured with ribs and spirals, this sculpture becoming obsolete leaving the last 3 turns smooth; sutures canaliculate or channeled; last whorl not contracted about the base; anterior canal, long, with an even taper, pointed at its tip and with a slight fold or bulge about the middle; columelia with 2 sharp, keel-like folds. _Remarks.—This group is evidently related to Xancus but with sufficient differences that subgeneric separation is desirable. In form, the shell is slender, Aurinia or Scaphella-like, the sutures are deeply channelled with the superior edge of the whorl not truly shouldered and more ofter rounded or beveled. The colum- ella has only 2 instead of 3 or 4 plications. The genus Xancus is represented in the Peruvian Eocene by a typical species (X. peruvianus Olsson*') related to X. wilsoni Conrad* of the Vicksburg Oligocene of Mississippi. Its strati- graphic range begins in the Restin sandstones of Cabo Blanco and continues through the Saman, Chira and Mancora forma- tions. It would appear that Xancus although apparently not repre- sented in the recent and later Tertiary faunas of the West Coast, probably arose through a Clavilithes ancestry in the East- ern Pacific during the Middle Eocene. From this center, it spread during Oligocene and Miocene times through the Caribbean region, to Europe and as far east as India and Java. Recent species are found in the Caribbean region, along the coast of Brazil and in the Indian Ocean. Xancus (Eoxancus) talarensis, n. sp. PEO U, mies, A, Bs bi. Shell of medium size, slender with the spire and anterior canal 41Olsson, A. A., 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 14, p. 89, pl. 21, fig. 5. 42Conrad, T., 1848, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2nd series, vol. 1, p. 120, roll, WA. sare, 1, 48 BULLETIN 62 48 of nearly equal length and size; protoconch missing; the first 3 turns preserved on our specimens are strongly sculptured with ribs and spirals; this sculpture soon becomes obsolete leaving the 3 last turns practically smooth; on the early spire-whorls, the ribs generally number about 6 to each turn; they are crossed by 6, elevated spiral threads, the lower being more widely spaced; sutures canaliculate or deeply channelled; profile of spire-whorls straight below, rounded or bevelled next to the channelled sutures; last whorl quite large but not inflated, and about three- fourths the length of the whole shell; aperture narrowly subel- liptical, more narrowed and pointed at the anterior end; anterior canal long, straight with a slight but noticeable bulge in the middle ; columella with 2 sharp, keel-like folds. Height 65mm.; diameter 26.5mm.; aperture 37mm. Remarks.—This species is represented by 4 specimens, 3 from Yasila and r from Talara. Although closely related to the next species, paytensis, it 1s clearly distinct, differing by its more slender form, more rounded and less shouldered whorls and narrower, less canaliculated sutures. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence —Talara formation, Talara, Yasila. Xancus (Eoxancus) paytensis, n. sp. Plate 7, figs. 1, 4, 6. Shell of medium size, solid; spire and aperture of about equal length; nucleus unknown; post-nuclear whorls probably 8 or 9 in perfect specimens, with straight or weakly convex sides and separated by wide, deep, excavated sutures so that the whorls appear to be narrowly shouldered; the earlier whorls are strong- ly sculptured with ribs and spiral threads; there are usually 6 ribs to each turn, more or less in line across the sutures; the ribs and their interspaces are crossed by 5 spiral threads, the upper one bordering the excavated suture being largest; on the 5th or 6th whorl, the sculpture begins to fade out and on the later turns, the surface is nearly smooth; anterior canal of moderate length, straight, stout; aperture narrow, the outer lip strongly thickened at its junction with the body-whorl; columella with 2 strong plications. Height 80mm. ; diameter 38mm. ; aperture 41mm. Remarks.—In our collection, this species is represented by 6 specimens, all from the basal Talara beds of Yasila. Four of the 49 Ousson: PERUVIAN EocEeNnr, Part IIT 49 specimens are young shells with strongly sculptured spire-whorls while the other two specimens represent the full-grown and mature form. The sutures lie in a deep, wide channel as in Busy- con canaliculatum Linné of the recent East American fauna In this species as in talarensis, the columella has only two folds, instead of three or four as in typical Xancus. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus EOVASUM Douville Eovasum douvillei, n. sp. Plate 8, figs. 4, 6. Shell moderately large, solid volutiform; nucleus not pre- served; subsequent whorls 414 or more, forming a medium height, conic spire; last whorl rather large, shouldered, the shoulder angle armed with strong, spine-like ribs; on the last turn, there are 8 primary ribs with 3 smaller ones of erratic occur- rences in certain interspaces; on the penultimate whorl, the spiny ribs are partly concealed by the close, overlapping sutures and ‘acking entirely from the earliest spire-whorls, but which are closely ribbed from suture to suture; on the body-whorl, there is a medial line of small, knob-like ribs emerging at the upper junc- tion of the aperture and corresponding in their axial position to the stronger ribs above; the siphonal sinus is apparently quite deep and wide, giving rise to an encircling band about the anter- ior canal and bordered on the posterior side by a low rib or keel; columella straight with 4 folds, the upper 2 much the strongest ; outer lip broken. Height 58mm.; diameter 39mm. ; aperture 38mm. Remarks.—This species based on a single imperfect specimen lacking a part of the outer lip, was collected from the basal Restin shales in the vicinity of the Great Fault north of Negritos The shoulder of the last whorl is sharp and armed with a row of stout, spine-like ribs which lie partly submerged and covered by the earlier sutures. Midway between the shoulder and the siphon- al fasciole is a row of much smaller node-like ribs. There are 4 strong, columella plications. The genus Eovasum Douville*® is based on Turbinella frequens Mayer-Eymar of the Egyptian Eocene. The shell is short, stout 43Douville, 1921, Journ. de Conchyliologie, vol. 66, pp. 1-4, pl. 1, figs. 1a, Wo, Be 50 BULLETIN 62 50 and strongly shouldered. The spire is low and flat. A strong melongenoid cord encircles the base and the columella is provided with 4 strong folds. The Peruvian fossil differs by its higher spire and the basal cord is less me‘cngenoid and situated more posteriorly and more than half way between the tip of the canal and the shoulder. Trechmann** has recorded Turbinella (Eovasum) sp. from the Yellow limestones of Jamaica but his specimens are casts and do not show the columella fo'ds and the melongenoid basal cord. E. incicum Douville*® occurs in the Cardita beaumonti beds of India. It has a higher spire than frequens but lower than that of the Peruvian species. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Restin formation, just north of Negritos. Family FASCIOLARITDAE Genus CLAVILITHES Swainson Subgenus CHIRALITHES, n. subg. Type Clavilithes cynosuris, n. sp. The following is a description of the subgeuns Chiralithes. Shell elongate-fusoid, massive, the spire about half the total length; whorls convex, the earlier ones with Fusus-like ribs and spirals, the later turns (generally the !ast 3 whorls) smooth; the sutures are distinct, linear and bordered by an apressed band; anterior canal stout, moderately long, slightly twisted or curved backwards and moderately thickened about the middle; aperture subcircular to subelliptical above, produced and narrowed below into the long, narrow anterior canal; outer lip often thickened in gerontic individuals; inner lip callused, the inner edge of the callus free; growth lines sinuated, forming a broad, concave curve across the upper face of the whorl and between the sutures. Remarks —Chiralithes should probably be considered as a subgenus distinct from Perulithes except that C. pozoensis Olsson of the basal Talara seems to be a possible transitional form be- tween the two groups. The shell is elongate-fusoid in form, 44Trechmann, 1923, The Geol, Mag., vol. 60, p. 355, pl. 17, fig. 7. 45Douville, 1929, Pal. Indica n. ser., vol. 10, Mem. No. 3, p. 39, pl. 7, figs. 12, 13, 14, and 15. 51 Ousson: PrruvIAN Eocene, Part III 51 massive, the early whorls sculptured after the fashion of Fusus with ribs and spirals. The last 3 turns are generally smooth ex- cept for growth lines. The whorls are strongly convex, with an appressed sutural band. The anterior canal is moderately long, stout. thickened about the middle but without the ribs or cord of Streptochetus. The growth lines are sinuous, with a wide sinal curve across the main face of the whorl. In mature specimens, the inner and outer lip are thickened. Clavilithes (Chiralithes) cynosuris, n. sp. Pika O, ies, A, SB 45 We Shell of medium size, solid, fusoid with a long, heavy anter- ior canal; whorls numerous, slightly convex at first sculptured with about 8 strong longitudinal ribs crossed by regular spiral cords; on the later whorls, the ribs and spirals become obsolete with the shell becoming smooth; protoconch and early nepionic whorls not known; the sculptured whorls are at first evenly con- vex but soon develop a contracted band or zone just below the upper suture; this sutural band becomes more pronounced on the last whor's where it is quite deep and narrow ; body-whorl and the 2 or 3 preceding turns are smooth except for faint spirals, these spirals persisting longest on the sutural zone; anterior canal moderately long, solid and twisted just below the middle and slightly recurved or bent to the right at its tip; aperture obovate to subelliptical above but narrowed and canal-like anteriorly ; outer lip simple, thickening in gerontic specimens; inner lip callused, the outer edge free or shelf-like. Length 58mm.; diameter 27mm.; (214 whorls) 55mm. ; 19.5mm.; (5 whorls) 59mm. ; 21mm.; (4 whorls) 4omm. ; 16.5mm.; (4 whorls) 4omm. ; I7mm.; (5 whorls) Remarks—The Chira shales specimens of this species are ac- cepted as the typical form. When perfect, the shell probably reached a length of 80 to 90 mm.; and when mature had a strong- ly thickened inner and outer lip. Shells from the lower Talara are consistently smaller and the largest specimen in our collection 52 BULLETIN 62 52 does not exceed 45mm. The spire whorls for 5 or 6 turns are strongly sculptured with ribs and spirals but shortly afterwards become smooth except for faint spirals persisting on the anterior canal. Subgenus PERULITHES, n. subg. Type Clavilithes peruvianus Woods Plate 9, fig. 6. The following is a description of the Subgenus Perulithes. Shell fusiform, with the spire equal to or much longer than the anterior canal; protoconch unknown; spire whorls rounded or convex, in some species with a shallow sutural zone about the upper edge of the whorl; last whorl convex, rounding into the base; sculpture of ribs and spirals on the early post-nuclear whorls, becoming smooth en the later turns or simply sculptured with spiral threads; anterior canal fusoid, straight to slightly twisted; outer lip thin, probably with a shallow sinal inflexion near the middle; growth lines sinuated with a broad, shallow sinus opposite the middle of the aperture; columella smooth. Remarks.—In form and sculpture, this group seems interme- diate between Streptochetus and the true Clavilithes. The shell is typical fusoid with a long, often very slender spire and an- terior canal. There is a strong sculpture of ribs and spirals on the early post-nuclear whorls, the later turns however become smooth or simply marked with fine spirals. The growth lines show a shallow sinal inflexion opposite the middle of the aper- ture. From true Clavilithes it differs by its rounded not con- tracted or angulated body whorl so that the shape of the shell is more typically Fusus-like. Perulithes is a very characteristic group of the Peruvian Eocene and besides the typical species peruvianus Woods from the basal Clavilithes series the following species may be referred to it, C. Harrisi Woods (Clavilithes series), C. pozoensis Olsson and C. yasilus, n. sp. from the basal Talara. Clavilithes (Perulithes) yasilus, n. sp. Plate 9, figs. 1, 7. Shell subfusiform, the spire of about equal length to the aper- ture and anterior canal; whorls 7 or more, those of the spire slightly convex on the lower half, slightly concave or depressed on the upper half, thus forming a shallow sutural band; suture 53 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT 53 grooved; the earlier spire-whorls are sculptured with about 7 wave-like ribs which soon become obsolete and are lacking from the last 3 or 4 turns; the last turns when well-preserved have a fine sculpture of revolving, scabrous threads, strongest on the su- tural zone and anterior canal, usually lacking on the middle of the last whorl; growth lines somewhat sinuous, with a shallow, sinus-like inflection on the shoulder or middle of the last whorl; anterior canal straight with a narrow aperture; columella straight, smooth. Length 45mm.; diameter 17mm.; aperture 21mm.; (broken) Remarks.—From C. pozgoensis Olsson which this species re- sembles, it will be distinguished by its more robust form, less slender spire and shallow sutural zone. It also resembles C. kennedyanus Harris*® but that species has the angulated body whorl of true Clavilithes. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Family BUCCINIDAE Troschel Genus POLLIA Sowerby Pollia sillapaytensis, n. sp. IPllene@. alil, wales. 7, Gy iz Shell small, moderately slender, recalling a small Phos in gen- eral form and sculpture; spire rather long, slender nearly 2/3rds the length of the shell; nucleus small, pointed, of about 3 whorls but other characters unknown; post-nuclear whorls about 6; last whorl somewhat convex about the upper one-half, contract- ed about the base and produced to form a narrow, twisted canal ; aperture rather wide, subovate but contracted or emarginate into the twisted, recurved siphonal canal; outer lip slightly thickened and bearing on the columella 4, curving lirae; sculpture consists of Phos-like ribs and spirals; on the last whorl there are 7 ribs or axial undulations, strong and heavy on the middle of the whorl but fade out on the base; on the spire-whorls they pass from su- ture to suture; spiral sculpture consists of fairly coarse primary cords separated by wider interspaces; there are generally 4 pri- mary cords on the spire-whorls and 13 or 14 on the last whorl; one or more finer secondaries are usually present in the spiral 46Harris 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 538, pl. 7, fig. 8. Grabau 1904, Smith. Mise. Coll., p. 131, fig. 17, 54 BULLETIN 62 54 bands between the primaries. Length 12.75mm.; diameter 8mm.; aperture 8.5mm. Length 18.25mm.; diameter 8mm. Remarks.—This is a small Phos-like species sculptured with strong ribs and spiral cords. It recalls the Tritomidea neglecta Deshayes of the Parisian Eocene (Cossmann and Pissarro, Icon- agraphie, pl. 37, figs. 179-7) but is larger and has a more slender and pointed spire. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Subgenus ENDOPACHYCHILUS Cossmann Pollia (Endopachychilus) purpuroides, n. sp. Plate Holy wer, al, By Os Shell small, stout, biconic with a pointed spire about half the length of the whorl shell; spire whorls 5+, with straight or slight- ly concave sides between close, appressed sutures ; nuclear whorls unknown; the last whorl is moderately shouldered or angled, above which the surface of the whorl is noticeably depressed or concave; sculpture consists of 9 to 11, low ribs on the shoulder of the last whorl but lacking from the rest of the shell and a spiral sculpture of irregular incised lines forming spiral bands or ribbons of variable width; these bands are quite wide on the an- terior half of the shell, close and finer on the sutural area above the shoulder of the last whorl; aperture subelliptical, more or less pointed at the anterior and posterior ends; outer lip thick- ened, with 4 or 5, heavy denticles; inner lip thickened and bear- ing 6 or 7, elongated, low denticles; siphonal fasciole narrow, slightly recurved; anal fasciole present at the posterior end of the aperture. Length 18mm. ; diameter I11mm.; aperture 11.5mm. Remarks.—Associated with this species at Yasila, is a larger form which probably belongs to a different species, but our spe- cimens are so badly weathered or crushed that they are not suit- able for the erection of another new species. They differ by their larger size, more Thats-like in form, wider subovate aperture, finer spiral sculpturing and entire lack of axial ribs. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. 55 OLSSON: PERUVIAN HOoOcENE, Part III 55 Genus TEREBRIFUSUS Conrad Terebrifusus ? placitus, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 17, 18. Shell small, subulate, with a long spire and shorter aperture; protoconch unknown; post-nuclear whorls 4 or more, straight or slightly convex with the sutures close and indistinct ; sculpture is rough and coarse with about 6, distant, low ribs and quite coarse, distant, primary spiral cords; the ribs are nearly in line across the spire-whorls ; the spiral sculpture is coarse, Mitra-like ; on the spire-whorls there are 5 primary cords between wide interspaces ; on the last whorl the spirals increase to 10 or more, being c!osely spaced on the base and anterior canal; there is a single central secondary which is bordered on each side by a finer tertiary thread in each spiral interspace; the surface is covered with close growth-lines so that the resulting sculpture is scabrous; aperture subelliptical ; columella and anterior cana! short, encircled by a constricted zone and bordered below by a broad, but not too prominent fold arising through the close crowding of the curved growth-lines ; columella armed with 5 or more, weak, revolving plaits which are continued as spiral threads around the anterior canal; a moderately deep, siphonal canal. Length 13mm.; (tip imperfect) diameter 4.25mm. Length 12mm.; diameter 3.5mm. Length 11mm.; diameter 3.5mm. Remarks.—This species is referred with much doubt to Con- rad’s genus Terebrifusus of the Gulf Coast Eocene. In Buccimi- tra amoena Conrad (as Terebra gracilis Lea and multiplicata H. C. Lea), the type of Terebrifusus, the shell is small, Phos-like with numerous, small and regular columeilar plaits. F? placitus from Peru resembles amoena in general characters but is more Mitra-like and the suture is bordered by a strong, spiral cord. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Terebrifusus ? lepus, n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 14, 15. Shell small, Phos-like in form and sculpture; protoconch un- known, post-nuclear whorls 4 or more, convex in profile between close, indistinct sutures; whorls sculptured with strong, acute, distant ribs crossed by fine spiral threads; the ribs number about 6, are strong, narrow and separated by much wider interspaces ; 56 BULLETIN 62 56 the ribs are continuous and in line across the sutures, very slight- ly oblique to the axis of the shell; on the last whorl they pass across the face of the whor! to the contracted zone or sulcus en- circling the beak; the spiral sculpture is formed of fairly regular, distant threads; there are 6 spirals on the whorls of the spire, the uppermost 2 being much smaller and closer together; on the last whorl there are 12 or more spirals; the spiral interspaces are wider than the spiral threads and carrying 2, 3 or more fine sec- ondaries; anterior canal of medium length, twisted with the col-, umella armed with 5 plaits of which the upper ones are much stronger. Length 12.5mm.; diameter 4.5mm. Length 1omm. (imperf.) ; diameter 5mm. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus SIPHONALIA A, Adams Subgenus PSEUDONEPTUNEA Kobelt Siphonalia ( Pseudoneptunea ) nuntia, n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 14, 15. Shell small, broad with a high, acute spire; protoconch bulim- oid, composed of 3 high, convex, smooth whorls; subsequent whorls 5 in number are strongly convex becoming shouldered on the penultimate and last whorl; sutures close, waved by the ends of the axial ribs; sculpture consists of low, curved, narrow ribs separated by much wider interspaces; these ribs number 9 to I1 on the last turn, are sinuous or convex backwards opposite the middle of the aperture; the ribs begin at the upper suture and extend to the base of the last whorl but not along the anterior canal; the ribs and their interspaces are further sculptured with raised, subregular spiral threads between wider interspaces ; there are about 8 threads on the spire-whorls, 13 on the main part of the body whorl with smaller ones on the anterior canal; anterior canal moderately long, curved and twisted; aperture semi-circu- lar, extended forward into the anterior canal. Height 12.5mm.; diameter 7.5mm. Height 13mm.; diameter 8.25mm. Height 15mm.; diameter 7.5mm.; aperaure 8.25mm. Remarks.—Compared with the Siphonalias figured by Coss- mann and Pissarro from the Parisian Eocene, this species is nearest S. (Pseudoneptunea) angusticostata Mellw from the 57 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part III 57 Cuisien. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus PSEUDOLIVA Swainson Pseudoliva coronaria, n. sp. Plate 6, figs. 3, 7. Shell medium-sized to large, solid; whorls about 5, forming a moderately elevated, globose spire; spire at tip, elevated, point- ed; last whorl is sharply shouldered but not ribbed and bordered immediately above by a deep, channelled or grooved suture; the penultimate and spire whorls are strongly convex, callused, tur- baned-shaped, between the deep, grooved sutures; surface of body-whorl smooth or marked simply by the longitudinal growth- lines; the Pseudoliva groove about the base deep and situated near the anterior one-third; siphonal fasciolar band prominent, narrow and bordered on the posterior side by a keel-like ridge; aperture subovate, outer lip unknown; inner lip with a moderate- ly heavy, parietal callus at its posterior end. Height 56mm. ; diameter 28mm. ; aperture 30mm. (Yaslia). Remarks.—The material representing this species, consists of the Holotype from the basal Talara beds of Yasila and three large specimens thickly encrusted with rock matrix from the Saman sandstones of Casa Saman, In its channelled sutures, and callused, turbaned whorls, this shell resembles the members of the mutabilis group of the older Peruvian Eocene. It differs constantly by its more elevated spire, absence of ribs on its earlier spire-whorls, narrower body- whorl and shorter aperture. The general effect produced, is that of a more slender shell with the aperture about one-half the total length. P. mutabilis var. douwvillei of the Restin and Parinas, the end member of the mutabilis group is a strongly senile or geron- tic form developing a very heavy shell and a thick, irregular cal- lus growth over its penultimate and spire whorls. The Saman specimens are much larger than the measure- ments given above for the Holotype from Yasila. They are un- fortunately thickly encrusted with matrix which forbids their being figured. The two specimens measure as follows: Height 65mm.; diameter 53mm.; aperture 4omm. (approx.) Height 75mm.; diameter 65mm.; aperture 50mm. (approx.) Ol (oe) BULLETIN 62 58 Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Saman formation, Casa Saman. Family MURICIDAE Tryon Genus MUREX Linné Murex scorpionius, n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 3, 4, 10. Shell small, fusiform with the spire somewhat longer than the outer lip and anterior canal; protoconch (eroded) seems to be small, pointed; post-nuclear whorls 5 or more, roughly subtri- gonal in section due to 3 major ribs to each turn; anterior canal of moderate length, straight, with an open canal through- out ; sculpture consists of strong ribs of which there are 3 major ones to each turn which on the later turns develop almost into true varices; the major ribs are partly continuous and in line across the sutures; between the primary ribs there is usually a smaller one which unlike the others is quite short and does not extend far along the anterior canal; there are 2 central spiral cords on each spire whorl and a 3rd usually showing in the low- er suture; on the body-whorl there are 4 central cords and sev- eral irregular ones on the base of the whorl and anterior canal; aperture subelliptical to subovate, narrowed and produced into the anterior canal; outer lip heavily thickened by the last ribs which sometimes carries one or more small] spines. Length 16.5mm.; diameter 8.25mm. Remarks.—This species resembles M. contabulatus Lamarck of the Paris Basin but our shells have no true varices but simple ribs not quite continuous across the sutures. The spaces be- tween the ribs have each a smaller riblet which is not found on contabulatus. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Valara formation, Yasila. Genus TYPHIS Montfort Subgenus LEVITYPHIS Cossmann Typhis (Levityphis) thagus, n. sp. Plate 12, fig. 6. Shell small, solid; nucleus unknown; post-nuclear whorls 4 or more, strongly shouldered, each bearing 4 strong, rib-like varices and tubular spines; last whorl of moderate size, strongly convex about the upper 1/2, contracted below about the base; on the 59 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocEeNE, Part III 59 last whorl, the varices are heavy, rib-like, rounded and continue from the shoulder angle anterior across the face of the whorl to the tip of the anterior canal; the interspaces are wide with a tubular spine on the shoulder not exactly intermediate in posi- tion but adjacent to the varix just in front; surface smooth; mouth circular with the last varix forming the outer lip; anterior canal closed. : Length 12mm. (imperfect) ; diameter 8.5mm. Remarks.—Our only specimen is fragmentary lacking the tip of the anterior canal and nucleus. It resembles Typhis coronar- ws Deshayes of the Parisian Eocene which species was selected by Cossmann as the type of his subgenus Levityphis. Typhis al- ternatus Lea from Claiborne is larger and has a longer spire. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus YASILA, n. gen. Type. Yasila paytensis, n. sp. The following is a description of the genus Yasila. Shell small, muriciform; spire short, elevated, acute; nucleus of medium size, Bulimiform composed of 3 smooth turns; body- whorl large, inflated and strongly contracted about the base and produced forward into the anterior canal; anterior canal long, narrow, straight and continuously open, with a singe columellar plication about the middle; sculpture of strong ribs and_ spiral threads ; aperture sub-circular, narrowed and continued through the anterior canal; outer lip thickened by the last rib, finely den- ticulated within. Remarks.—This group represented by two species, paytensis from the basal Talara beds of Yasila and chirensis from the Chira shales near Casa Saman, is characterized by its long, straight, anterior canal bearing a single columellar plication about the middle. The axial ribs number, 7, 9 or more to each turn but do not develop into true varices. On some specimens of paytensis, the ribs as they cross the shoulder become pointed or even develop into small, sharp spines. Possessing a columellar plication, Yasila would seem to find its relations with Muricopsis but in the absence of other charac- 60 BULLETIN 62 60 ters too much stress cannot be attributed to this feature. Odon- topolys Gabb based on O. compsorhytis Gabb a rare Claiborne species of Texas and Alabama has a higher spire, 3 varices and 2 columellar plications. Peruwficus Olsson is characterized by its Ficus-like form and sculpture and 2 columellar plications. Yasila paytensis, n. sp. lenge il ines, ail, WG, ale, TUS. Shell small with a short but acute spire and shouldered whorls ; nucleus as described above; post-nuclear whorls 4 to 4 1/2, sharply shouldered, sculptured with 7 - 9 narrow, but strong axial ribs to each turn which extend from the upper suture and across the base of the last whorl but not along the anterior canal ; the spirals consists of primary, secondary and tertiary threads; this sculpture is as follows: a primary cord about the suture, 5 threads of secondary strength on the shoulder area, 14 primary threads from the shoulder angle across face of the whorl to tip of anterior canal and separated by wide interspaces each of which carries a central secondary and 1 or 2 tertiary threads on the sides; the ribs as they cross the shoulder angle sometimes be- come pointed and ‘spine-like; aperture subovate; the outer lip greatly thickened by the last rib; a single Strepsidura-like colum- ellar fold; outer lip denticulate within. Length 13.5mm.; diameter 9mm.; aperture Tomm. Remarks.—-This species is very abundant at Yasila, our col- lection containing 50 to 75 specimens. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—TValara formation, Yasila. Superfamily TAENIOGLOSSA Family NYCTILOCHIDAE Dall Genus PLESIOTRITON Fischer Plesiotriton paytensis, n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 8, 10, 11. Shell small or medium size with a high spire, large body-whorl and a cancellated beaded sculpture; protoconch eroded, small; post-nuclear whorls 6 or 7, together forming a high, rapidly ta- pering spire; spire-whorls roughly convex, appearing slightly shouldered next to the suture; body-whorl moderately large, ovate, nearly 2/3rds the length of the whole shell; heavy rib- like varices generally spaced about 120 degrees apart; aside from the varices, the general sculpture of the whorls is subcancellate ; 61 OLsson: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT 61 axial sculpture of small, numerous, closely spaced riblets which become noded or finely beaded by the crossing or intersection of the spiral cords; there are generally 4 primary spirals on the penultimate whorls, 16 or more on the last whorl; the primary spirals are separated by wider interspaces which carry 2 or 3 smaller spiral threads ; aperture narrow elliptical, somewhat con- tracted and pointed above, continued forward into a short, trun- cate anterior canal; outer lip heavy, crenulated within; columel- la straight with 3 or 4 Cancellaria-like folds. Length 13.5mm.; diameter 6.25.; aperture 6.5mm. Yasila. Length 17.5mm. imperfect. Length 18mm. (2 last whorls) ; diameter 11mm. aperture 11.5mm., Salina Remarks.—The collection from Yasila contains 15 specimens, the largest which is somewhat imperfect measures 18 millimeters in height. We have also a single specimen from near Negritos of which only the last 2 whorls are preserved. When perfect, this shell must have been about 23 to 24 millimeters in length. The columella is provided with 3 Cancellaria-like plications with a smaller 4th just visible below. Principally on account of its columellar plications, paytensis is provisionally referred to the genus Plesiotriton of Fisher (type Cancellaria volutella Lamarck of the Parisian Eocene) al- though it does not fully agree with that genus in the position of the varices on the penultimate and spire-whorls. Auinger’s ge- nus Hilda based on Triton transylvanicum from the Miocene of Austria-Hungary is also similarly provided with columellar folds but has only a single labial varix. The Parisian P. volutella has more evenly tapering whorls, its sculpture is smoother, less Triton-like and the inner lip is strong- ly callused. Eutritonium (Plesiotriton) Hillegondae Martin** from the Upper Eocene of Java is very similar to volutella. R. Bullen Newton** has described Hilda turriculata from the Ni- gerian Eocene. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Salinas near Negritos. 47Martin 1914, Samml. des geol. Reichs Mus. in Leiden, p. 150, pl. 10, figs. itil, wali. 48R. Bullen Newton 1922, Bull. 3, Geol. Survey of Nigeria, p. 29, pl. 4, figs. 24, 25. 62 BULLETIN 62 62 Genus BURSA (“Bolten”) Roeding Bursa chira, n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 5, 6, 7, 13. Shell somewhat flattened dorso-ventrally and with 2 varices continuous across the 3 last spire-whorls towards the apex; whorls about 6; protoconch unknown; earliest post-nuclear whorls without varices, convex and sculptured with about 4, no- dulated spiral cords and finer secondaries; on the later turns, heavy varices are found about 180 degrees apart and these are almost in ‘ine from one whorl to the next; between the varices, the whorls are moderately humped or angulated forming a sort of shoulder, this shoulder carrying 4 or 5 low knobs; the surface is further sculptured with undulated spiral cords; base of last whorl deeply contracted and with a medium length anterior ca- nal or beak slightly recurved backwards; aperture subcircu'ar to subelliptical, nearly three-fourths the length of the shell and with a deep, groove-like anal sinus at the posterior end; outer lip heavily thickened by the last varix, the actual edge of the lip, thinner, elevated but not deeply fluted by the spiral sculpture; anterior canal narrow and of medium length, Height 26mm.; greater diameter 21.25mm.; lesser diameter 13.5mm. Remarks.—Although this is an Oligocene species of the Chira Shales, it is described in this place for comparison with yasila. of the basal Talara. Comparing with recent species, chira re- sembles most closely B. neglecta Sowerby*® (margaritula Desh.) of the Indo-Pacific region. The margaritula as figured by Mar- tin®® from the Javanese Miocene is somewhat higher, the varices are less heavy and the beak or anterior canal is much wider. Bursa caelata Broderip*' of the Panama recent fauna but a very rare shell on the Peruvian beaches differs by its heavier spiral sculpture and deeply fluted or frilled outer lip. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Querco- tilla. 49Sowerby, Conch. Illus. Renella fig. 22. 50K. Martin, 1899, Die Fossilien von Java, Samml. des Geol. Reichs. Mu- seum in Leiden, Bd. 1, p. 146, pl. 23, figs. 837, 337a, 338, 339. 51Broderip, 1832, Proc. Zool. Soe., p. 178. Sowerby, Conch. Illus., p. 92, fig. 16. 63 OLSSON: PERUVIAN HocENE, Part IIT 63 Bursa chira var yasila n. var. Plate 10, figs. 3, 4. Shel! small or medium-sized ; protoconch helicoid of 3 smooth, rapidly enlarging convex whorls; the last 1/2 turn of the first post-nuclear whorl is ornamented with 3 or 4, somewhat beaded, widely spaced, primary spirals and much finer spiral threadlets ; this stage is brought to a close by the formation of a thickened rib or varix; the succeeding whorls are bursoid, each turn pro- vided with iwo varices; in some shel!s these varices are placed 180 degrees apart, resulting in a strongly flattened shell, while in others the varices are weaker, slightly spiral in their arrange- ment and the dorso-ventral flattening of the shell is less pro- nounced; each whorl is shouldered or humped and armed with 4 or 5 low knobs between each set of varices; above and below this shou'der, the surface is sculptured with finer beaded spi- rals; aperture subelliptical with a deep vertically directed anal sinus at its posterior end and a medium length anterior canal; outer lip strongly thickened and crenulated with 7 or 8 denticles within ; columella with 5 or 6 plait-like denticels. Height 18.25mm.; greater diameter 12mm.; lesser diameter omm. Remarks.—In its more usual form, this shell appears to be perfectly distinct from Chira, differing by its smaller size, pro- portionately higher spire and longer anterior canal, weaker var- ices and consequent less strongly flattened dorso-ventrally and weaker spiral sculpturing. With these shells there is however represented in our collection, a number of small specimens which in all essentials seem to be the young of true chira. Until lar- ger collections are available for study, it cannot be decided whether one or more species or varieties of Bursa occur at Yasila. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Family AMPHIPERASIDAE Genus AMPHIPERAS Gronovius Amphiperas bullen-newtoni, n. sp. Plate 5, figs. 17, 18. Shell very small with the anterior and posterior extremities contracted and produced; dorsal side moderately convex (our shell somewhat crushed) ; ventral side flattened with the aperture 64 BULLETIN 62 64 extending lengthwise through the middle; the left or outer lip side widely and evenly rounded; right side strongly rounded in the middle, contracted and produced at the anterior and pos- terior extremities; surface sculpture with transverse, regular threads of nearly equal size separated by wider interspaces; they are strong on the ventrai surface much weaker on the dorsal (this side somewhat weathered) ; the trausverse ribs or threads number 21 to 22 on the outer lip; aperture straight, except at the posterior extremity where it curves slightly to the right, narrow, linear in form; outer lip widely thickened, internally crenulated by the ends of the external sculpture. Length tomm.; height 4mm. ; diameter 6mm. Remarks.—-A similar species (nigeriensis Bullen Newton*?) occurring in the Nigerian Eocene is referred by Bullen Newton to Amphiperas Gronovius (=Ovula Bruguiere, genotype Bulla ovum Linnaeus) on account of the absence of any external evi- dence of a spire, the possession of short, broadly canaliculated extremities and the elongately oval contour of the columellar re- gion. The Peruvian species of which the Holotype is the only specimen known, is only about half as large as the African shell, the aperture is straighter more Cypraea-like and the posterior and anterior canals are narrower. In external ornamentation, niger- tensis and bullen-newtoni agree with Cypraedia Swainson and Cypraeovula Gray. A strongly sculptured Ovula has been de- scribed by Dall®? as Ovula (Transovula?) multicarinata from the Ocala limestones. Locality and Geolog’c Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. Genus GISORTIA Jousseaume Gisortia thomasi, n. sp. Ilene Be ines, ly 5 To Shell large, very heavy, ovoid-pyramidal with a strongly flat- tened ventral surface and a high central dorsal hump; the spire is entirely concealed in the adult by ca!lus, this region of the shell is flattened but locally depressed immediately over the spire and on the right and left sides of the posterior canal; when viewed from below, the outline of the base appears broadly el- liptical with the right margin more strongly curved or convex than the left, and with the anterior end narrowed, pointed while 52Bullen Newton 1922, Eocene Mollusca from Nigeria, Bull. 3, Geol. Sur. of Nigeria. p. 18, pl. 3, figs. 14, 15. 53Dall 1890, Trans. Wag. Free Inst. vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 164, pl. 10, figs. 10, 11. 65 OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT 65 the posterior 1/4th is quite broad; the right side is not angled as in G. tuberculosa and instead carries a broad depression which ex- tends feebly upward onto the dorsal surface; aperture narrow and not much wider at the anterior end; viewed from above, the dorsal surface is pear-shaped with a high, central and very prom- inent hump; the posterior-dorsal area is flattened, locally im- pressed, rounding on the sides; the dorsal hump is very high, narrow, prominent and exactly central in position; there is a broad depressed band on each side beginning on the ventral sur- face and extending upward onto the dorsal; the one on the right is much wider and is partly responsible in the development of a pronounced marginal ridge on the posterior dorsal-ventral mar- gin; this depression extends but a short distance onto the dorsal surface so that the left side of the shell in this region is strong- ly convex; the left depressed band is narrower but continues quite to the base of the dorsal hump; posterior canal is very deep, ridged on the sides; anterior canal about a quarter as deep as the posterior and curved to the left; columella, inner and out- er lip concealed. Length 118mm. ; diameter of base 82mm. ; height 70mm. Remarks.—The discovery of a species of Grsortia in the Pe- ruvian Eocene is of particular interest and importance and I am indebted for the priviledge of describing the fossil to the gener- osity of Mr. W. Thomas, Geologist of the Lobitos Oil Fields, who collected the type specimen. It was found together with another but badly broken specimen in the so-called V eneri- cardia bed which stratigraphically lies about 1000 feet below the base of the Cabo Blanco or Parinas sandstones at Cabo Blanco. In terms of the Negritos section, this horizon would lie near the middle of the Pale Gredas. In 1927, there appeared in the Memoirs of the Geological Sur- vey of India, the excellent and exhaustive monograph of the genus Gisortia by Vredenburg** which greatly simplifies the study of these curious and valuable guide fossils. Vredenburg recognized three subdivisions of the genus; Guisortia sensu stricto (type Ovula gisortiana Passy= Gisortia gigantea Mun- ster), its section Palliocypraea Cossmann (type Cypraea gastro- plax McCoy) confined to the Australian Eocene, and the subge- °4Vredenburg 1927, A review of the Genus Gisortia with description of several species. Mem. Geol. Survey of India, Pal. Indica, New Series, Vol. 7, Mem. No. 3, 66 BULLETIN 62 66 nus Vicetia Fabiani (type Gisortia Hantkeni H. and M. Ch.) geo- graphically restricted to the old Tethys or Mesogeé seas during the Middle and Upper Eocene. Vredenburg enumerates 36 spe- cies distributed through the European, Indian and Australian re- gion. Trechmann®? has recorded Gisortia cf. murchisom and postalensis Oppenheim from the Yellow limestones of Jamaica, associated with a fauna of Clavilithes, Carolia and large Cerith- iums. The above description of thomas: from Peru, is the first record of the occurrence of this genus on the mainland of South America. In spite of their large and ponderous shells, these mollusks enjoyed a world-wide distribution in the equator- ial and subequatorial region during the Eocene period. A single species, Cypraea umbilicata Sowerby has survived to the present day, living with the relic Tvigonia in waters of moderate depth off the coast of Australia. In true Gisortia, as best exemplified by gisortiana, the shell combines to a remarkable degree the external features of Cyprea and Ovula. The shell is very broad across the posterior portion, contracted and pointed at the anterior, with a high, deep, curved posterior canal. The dorsal surface is simply convex or as in G. tuberculosa Duclos with tubercles or nodes situated on the pos- terior side of the middle. Vicetia is more truly Cypraea-like, the base subovate, and less narrowed or pointed at the anterior end, the dorsal surface has two transverse ridges separated by a me- dial, transverse depressed zone. The Peruvian fossil seems nearest related to Gisortia tubercu- losa of the Lower Eocene of France, Spain and India. | Com- pared with the excellent figure of Cossmann and Pissaro**, the Peruvian fossil, differs as follows: the base is less trigonal and longer, the right and left margins being less angulated; the aperture is straighter, less expanded at the anterior end; the dor- sal area has a single very prominent hump, instead of scattered nodes and this dorsal hump is exactly central in position. In Vicetia, a transverse impressed zone crosses the dorsal sur- face and gives rise to two transverse ridges. In murchisomi 55Trechmann 1923, The Yellow Limestones of Jamaica, Geol. Mag., Vol. GO, 1019s BH}, BHO °“6Cossmann and Pissarro 1910-1913, Icon. comp. des Coquilles Fossiles des Environs de Paris. pl. 32, fig. 161-1, i | 67 OLSSON: PERUVIAN HocENE, Part IIT 67 d’ Archiac (douvillei Cossmann) these ridges are quite far apart. They are much closer in G.Jamesi Vredenburg® so that the two together (as seen in Vredenburg’s figure c, pl. 24) are nearly central in position. In thomasi there is a shallow trans- verse groove beginning on the right and left ventral side and ex- tending upward over the dorsal surface. The right one is very short, but the left continues at least to the base of the dorsal hump. In these features as well as the central dorsal hump and straight narrow aperture, the Peruvian fossil seems to occupy a position intermediate between the Gisortias of the type of tuber- culosa and the subgenus Vicetia. It further suggests that tuber- culosa is phylogenetically closely related to the ancestral form wh'ch gave rise to Vicetia in the Mid-Eocene The aperture is completely filled with matrix so that the fea- tures of the columella, and the absence or presence of denticles or p'ications on the inner and outer lip cannot be determined. The dorsal hump is also somewhat broken. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Pale Greda formation, Cabo Blanco. Family TURRITELLIDAE Gray Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck Turritella chira Olsson Plate 12, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4. Turritella samanensis and chira are both common in the basa! Talara beds. In a large collection of these fossils from this ho- rizon, the 2 species often appear to intergrade. In general T. samanens s is more slender, the whorls are evenly convex and sculptured with numerous, subequal but not sharp spirals. The nepionic sculpture consists of 3, subequal spiral threads which is soon followed by the mature sculpture of numerous fine spirals. In T. chira, the taper is more rapid so that the shell is shorter and more stubby, the whorls are subangular, widest about the an- terior half, sloping or excavated towards the upper suture. The sculpture is coarser, with 2 primary spirals about the anterior half, often with a 3rd but smaller spiral just above and much finer spirals on the sutural zone. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. 57Vredenburg 1927, idem., p. 69, pls. 23-25. 68 BULLETIN 62 68 Family NATICIDAE Forbes Genus NATICA Scopoli Subgenus NERINATICA n. subg. Type. Natica (Nerinatica) paytensis, n. sp. The following is a description of the subgenus Nerinatica. Shell small, solid with a large, inflated body-whorl and a low, flat spire; sutures distinct ; aperture semicircular, the columellar side straight; umbilicus wide with a low, broad internal rib in the upper part bordered in the lower part by a broad groove or sinus; the internal rib or funiculus emerges near the top of the umbilicus as a broad, thick callus which spreads upward and joins with the parietal callus; sculpture of subregular spiral bands formed by incised spiral lines; operculum unknown. Remarks.—In its flat spire and banded spiral sculpturing, this group resembles Sinwm (Sigaretus) but differs widely from that genus by its heavier shell and wide, deep umbilicus. In these later characters, Nerinatica approaches the true Naticas or its related subgenera. In Natica Scopoli and its subgenera Nati- carius Dumeril®® (with N. canrena Linné as type) and Stigmau- lax Morch (type N. sulcata Born,) the umbilicus is wide, deep with the internal or funicular rib emerging near the base of the umbilicus and separated from the umbilical wall by a deep groove. In Nerinatica, the funicle is much smaller, usually showing simply as a wide, internal fold, occupying the upper part of the umbilicus and bordered below by a broad groove or sinus which forms most of the lower half of the umbilicus. It emerges near the upper end of the umbilicus as a thick callus growth which is continuous above with the parietal callus. The operculum is unknown. Natica (Nerinatica) paytensis, n. sp. ENE BH wists, BO, 1, By al, Iz Shell small, solid with a flat spire, partially concealed by the large rapidly expanding body-whorl; whorls about 3 1/2 to 4, the spire-whorls being very small and nearly concealed by the later turns; suture distinct, incised; sculpture consists of banded spi- °SWoodring 1928, Miocene Mollusks from Bowden, Jamaica Pt, 2, Carnegie Institution, p. 378, 69 . OLSSON: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT 69 rals formed between incised spiral lines or grooves; these spiral bands number about 22 on the last whorl from the umbilical edge to the upper suture; on the penultimate whorl just above its union with the outer lip, there are 6 spiral bands; the spiral bands are fairly regular and on a mature shell are generally about 1/2mm in width on the back of the body-whorl; usually the spiral band on the lower side of the suture is somewhat lar- ger than the others ; umbilicus wide, deep as previously described ; aperture semicircular, oblique, the columellar side nearly straight. Height 11mm.; greater diameter 12mm. Remarks.—This species is very common in the basal Talara shales at Yasila and Jaquey Cunas. Sigaretus (Ewunaticina) aratulus Cossmann from the Pliocene of Karikal may be related species but Cossmann’s*® figures are poor and do not show the spire and umbilical area clearly. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila and Jaquey Cunas. Family FOSSARIDAE Genus TUBA Lea Tuba peruviana, n. sp. Plate 12, figs. 9, 10. Shell small, turbinate with a moderately high spire; proto- conch unknown; post-nuclear whorls 6 or more, strongly convex, often becoming shouldered or flattened above; last whorl rather large, convex with a circular or cyclostomous aperture and con- tinuous peristome; sculpture of numerous, elevated and finely beaded spiral cords, usually alternating in strength on the last whorl; the spiral cords are finely beaded by the crowded growth lines. Height 10.25mm.; diameter 7mm. Remarks.—Two specimens from the basal Talara beds near Lagunitas are accepted as the types for this species. Another specimen from Yasila badly crushed may possibly belong to a different species. The Lagunitas shells have strongly shoul- dered whorls with a coarser and more irregular sculpture. 593Cossmann, Essais de Paleoconch. comparee, vol. 138, p. 149, pl. 3, figs. UG, Wee 70 BULLETIN 62 70 Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Laguni- (aS, Vasile © Superfamily PTENOGLOSSA Family EPITONIIDAE Dall Genus EPITONIUM Bolten Subgenus ACRILLA H. Adams Epitonium (Acrilla) peruvianum Olsson Plate 4, figs. 12, 18. Epitonium (Acrilla) peruvianum Olsson, 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol 14, 15 GY, Tol, al, ster, IO), E. peruvianum and the following paytense are very character- istic of the basal Talara or horizon of the Lomitos conglomer- ate. Being very long and slender, the fossils are usually broken in being removed from their matrix if the rock is at all hard. E. peruvianum is refigured here from more perfect specimens than were available at the time the species was described. The shell figured by Bullen Newton® from the Nigerian Eocene as Acrilla cf. affinis (Deshayes) bears much resemblance to this species. Epitonium (Acrilla) paytense, n. sp. Plate 4, figs. 14, 15, 16. Shell small, s'ender with numerous coronated whorls; the ta- per of the shell is more rapid than peruvianum and with the up- per 1/3rd of the whorl strongly coronated or flattened above; su- tures close, distinct; varices numerous, small, there being about 19 to the average-size whorl; they are generally oblique to the axis of the shell; on well-preserved specimens, the varices appear to be divided by a medial line; intervarical spaces are much wider and coarsely sculptured by strong spiral cords there being about 6 or 7 below the coronated shoulder; a basal disc is present; aperture not fully preserved. Length 16mm.; diameter 4.5mm. (8 whorls) Length 17.5mm.; diameter 6mm. (8 whorls broken) Remarks.—Associated with E. peruvianum, this species is al- ways less abundant and easily recognized by its strongly coro- nated whorls. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila, Lagunitas. ‘°Bullen Newton 1922, Bull. 3, Geol. Sur. of Nigeria p. 50, pl. 3, figs. 10-12. ili OLssoN: PERUVIAN EocENE, Part IIT 71 Class SCAPHOPODA Family DENTALIIDAE Gray Genus DENTALIUM Linné Dentalium mancorens, Nn. sp. Plate 12, figs. 12, 13. Shell of medium size to large, solid, finely ribbed on the pos- terior portion becoming smooth and polished on the anterior half; the shell is moderately curved with an even taper; apical characters not known; the posterior part of the shell is finely ribbed, the ribs being nearly even, elevated ridges with much wider, concave spaces between; the ribs gradually become obso- lete and most of the anterior portion of the shell is smooth and polished; growth-lines evident, oblique in plane to the axis of the shell. Length 57mm.; greater diameter 7mm. (Holotype). Length 55mm.; greater diameter 6.5mm. Length 44mm.; greater diameter 7mm. Length 43mm.; greater diameter 6.25mm. Remarks.—The above measurements are all based on frag- mentary specimens. Some basal sections are nearly 9mm. in di- ameter so that a mature shell was probably more than 70 mm. in length. Its posterior portion has a diameter of about 1.5mm. It is sculptured with stronger, primary ribs which it is estimated number about 18. When the shell has attained a diameter of 2.5mm., secondary ribs appear in the interspaces which rapidly increase so that on the later portion of the test, the ribs are all subequal in size. On the posterior portion, the interspaces are finely etched by the closely spaced lines of growth. This Dentaliwmn was found in great abundance in a hard, flinty concretionary rock lying loose in Que. Barrancas, a south trib- utary of Que. Mancora near Catalinas. The geoiogical forma- tions in this area belong mainly to the Lower Talara shales and sandstones. Besides this species of Dentalium, there are frag- ments of several gastropods, Aturia alabamensis var. peruviana, Nucula catalina and Leda barranca. The rock matrix being so very hard and splintery, most of the specimens are broken or de- stroyed before they can be extracted. 72 BULLETIN 62 72 Locality and Geologic Occurrence—Talara formation, Que. Barranca. Dentalium yasilum, n. sp. Ilene 1A, sess WAL aly IG, ali, alts alts), 20); The shell is moderately to strongly curved and that chiefly in the posterior portion; taper of the shell in the apical region is quite rapid until it has attained a diameter of about 3mm., after which the taper is much slower and more uniform; apical sec- tion strongly hexagonal which is maintained until the shell has reached a diameter of 2mm., after which the section becomes cir- cular; on the apical portion there are 6 primary ribs between which smaller and finer ribs are gradually introduced; on the mature portion of the shell, the ribs have become very numerous, quite fine; between the primaries there may be 1 or more second- ary ribs; on well preserved she!ls the space between the ribs is very finely etched by growth lines. Length 30mm. (imperf.); basal diameter 5mm. (somewhat flattened. Remarks.—Two species of Dentaliwm have been described from the basal Talara or Lomitos conglomerate by Willard Berry* as D. samanicum and D. Boggsi. Both species are based on fragmentary specimens or tips collected in a trench section through the Lower Talara shales near Lagunitas. D. Boggsi, an apical portion, has a fairly rapid taper and curved shell. Its cross-section is circular and not hexagonal as in yasilum, with 16 nearly equal, regular ribs or costae. In D. samanicum the ribs number about 30 and alternate in strength. The type speci- men of samanicum is a small shell with a maximum diameter of 2.2mm. Specimens of yasilum of that size have a much more rapid taper. D. yasilum is very abundant in the basal Talara beds at Yasila and should be easily recognized by its hexagonal tip and fine rib- bing. The ribbing although becoming very fine, is persistent through the entire life history. D mississippiense Conrad” from Vicksburg in its mature form resembles yasilum -but its apical ‘1K. Willard Berry 1926, Nautilus, vol. 40, p. 19, 20. S°Conrad 1848, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2nd series, vol. 1, p. 112, pl. Lil, ike, IL, ~ 73 OLSSON: PERUVIAN Eocmrnr, Part III taper is more gradual and has 12 instead of 6 primary ribs. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Talara formation, Yasila. ADDITIONAL SPECIES Tornatellaea ? sp. Plate 12, fig. 11 Figured specimen from Yasila. Also occurs in the Chira shales but all our specimens are filled with matrix, concealing the in- ternal features of the outer lip and the columella. Tritonium (Sassia) sp. Plate 10, fig. 9 This species seems to be a true species of Sassia, resembling Cossmann’s figure of 7. (Sassia) apenninicum Sassi. It also re- sembles T. antiquum Deshayes from the Thanetian. The figured specimen from Yasila. Peruficus lagunitensis Olsson Plate 12, figs. 5, 7, 8. Peruficus lagunitensis Olsson, 1929, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 15, No. 57, Do AG, Toll, fi, inxs all, Refigured from Yasila specimens. Figure 8 shows the two columellar folds. 74. : BULLETIN 62 74 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 Figure Page 1. WVenericardia planicosta var. samanensis Olsson ——__________ 21 Length 89 mm. Yasila. De AN TMCTIIEY, CRIED TES Gog STs 18 Holotype, length 12 mm. Que. Barranca. 20 eda @uedina)barkancas NSD a jn Eee 19 Cotype, length 17 mm. Posterior extremity of right valve. Que. Barranca. 4. Glycymeris peruviana, n. sp. —-.------------- ar, NIRS 5h 3 ale ee es re, ea 20 Holotype, height 13.5 mm. Yasila. 5. Phacoides (Pseudomiltha ?), sp. —-——.__-___-__._________ 22 Height 93 mm. Que. Monte Grande. 6ceda: (Ledina)- barranca;, 1.) isp) 2 ee eee eee 19 Holotype, length 26 mm. Que. Barranca. f= -iheda. (Ledina): ‘barranea; in. (sp. 2 eee Ee 9 Cotype, length 23 mm. Que. Barranca. BULL. AMER. PALEONT. N@s 625) Pia Pik, i, WO. Wd is coors essen ete ates sates SAE Le i Ly ed a re = cles 76 BULLETIN 62 76 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 Figure ; Page 1. Pitaria: \baldayas ric spss ee ee 27 Holotype, length 20.5 mm. Yasila. 2. Pitarias pall drsy hy miei Ss ee 27 Cotype, length 16.5 mm. 32°. Venericardia: simillinas my osp.) 2-2 ee ene 21 Holotype, length 18 mm. Yasila. 4.iCardium junceum; inns ph 22 eS ee eae 25 Holotype, length 15.5 mm. Yasila. 5.. Phacoides (Here) andersoni, n. sp. 2 eee 24 Cotype, height 8.25 mm. Yasila. 6. Phacoides (Here) andersoni, n. sp. _-.-.---— 24 Holotype, height 8.25 mm. Yasila. 7. Phacoides (Here) andersoni, n. sp. 24 Cotype, height 7.50 mm. Yasila. 8. Phacoides (Here) nonurensis, n. sp. s=E AD) Holotype, length 20.5 mm. Nonura Bay. 9. Phacoides, (Miltha)/woodi;on: (spy (== eee 23 Cotype, length 27 mm. Yasila. lO: (€ardium:junceumy; on) Sp: ee ee ee ee _ 25 Cotype, height 15 mm. 1 Bee) BEF od ee Waa 7 FD Ve ya oY 0) gpa ene AO OUR ar eee sw a 26 Holotype, length 45.5 mm. 12-5 “Phacoides: (Miltha)! -woodi, mi: (sph) 2 ee ee 23 Holotype, length 32.5 mm. Yasila. IN@); Gy, IIL, 2 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. 7 2, WOOL, IPL. 78 BULLETIN 62 78. EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3 Figure Page 1, “Crassispira woodrinel,. ne (spices ee ee es 83 Holotype, length 30 mm. Yasila. 2. Turricula (Pleurofusia) eolavinia, n. sp. ---.------------ 34 Holotype, length 29 mm. Yasila. 3.) Busiturricula. yar aici sce oe eee rae ee 35 Holotype, length 21 mm. Yasila. 4. Hemipleurotoma arenosa, n. sp. _. 31 Holotype, length 17 mm. Yasila. 5. Hemipleurotoma arenosa, n. sp. -. --—---—------------- 31 Cotype, length 16.25 mm. 6. Hemipleurotoma arenosa, n. sp. ——-——--_-------—---------------- 31 Cotype, length 17 mm. 7. ‘Moniliopsis peruviana, n. sp. _-.-----.-.------—--------------------—--------------------— 31 Holotype, length 21 mm. Yasila. 8: Monilicpsis? paytensis;\ n. sp) 22>. ee eee 32 Holotype, length 17.5 mm. Yasila. 9. Turricula (Pleuro’usia) eolavinia, n. sp. —-—.—-—--------- 834 Cotype, length 20 mm. 10. Turricula (Pleurofusia) eolavinia, n. sp. Sed ae 84 Cotype, length 13 mm. 11. Eopleurotoma paytensis, n. sp. —----------------—-------------—----—------- = 729 Cotype, length 13.5 mm. Yasila. 12. Moniliopsis peruviana, n. sp. __.__-_---------—---------—---—----__---_--- = Sil Cotype, length 13 mm. 13. Eopleurotoma paytensis, n. sp. _-_---------—---—---—----—----—----—---_--__---—- _ 29 Cotype, length 14 mm. 14..’*Moniliopsis? paytensis; n. sp) 2-23. ee eee ee eee 32 Cotype, length 13.5 mm. 15>: Moniliopsis?’ paytensis, n. (Sp. 2222 Se 382 Cotype, length 12.5 mm. 16. Eopleurotoma paytensis, n. sp _-—-----------—--------------—---~-------—-—-—------_-— 29 Cotype, length 14 mm. 17. Eopleurotoma paytensis, n. sp. -_-. --------------—----------------—---------—-----------—- _ 29 Holotype, length 16 mm. 18.. Moniliopsis’ peruviana, ‘n. (sp. 2 Eee 31 Cotype, length 9.5 mm. 19.. Moniliopsis ‘peruviana, n. sp. 222 ee ee 31 Cotype, length 9 mm. 3 IN@E1625 PE BULL. AMER. PALEONT. olue f 1 i Hi iit i i At 80 BULLETIN 62 80 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 Figure Page il, 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Geénotia: (peruviana, in. -spy 8 See ee ee ee ee 36 Cotype, length 16.5 mm. Yasila. Genotiaperuvianas ny (spi) 2 ee 36 Holotype, length 14.5 mm. Yasila. Crassispiracapellayaine spi (ee ee on al ne een 34 Holotype, length 19 mm. Yasila. Crassispira capella, n. sp. Pee eUe is hele ee 34 Cotype, length 16.5 mm. Yasila. EKopleurotoma wiedeyi, n. sp. Bees amen Nee ree te ieee See UGS) uh 30 Holotype, length 20 mm. Yasila. Scobinella (Mitratoma) bartschi, n. sp. .. = st—( IHG, jolla WO, ies, I, 2. 161 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 65 Family PSAMMOBIIDAE Dall Genus SANGUINOLARIA Lamarck Sanguinolaria tumbezana, n. sp. Plate 3, figs. 1, 4 Shell elongate-subelliptcal, thin, equivalve and moderately con- vex ; beaks small, adjacent with wide but not conspicuous umbos ; valves are inequilateral with the posterior side longer, and somewhat produced and narrowed; anterior side slightly con- tracted, well-rounded and only a little more than half as long as the posterior; valves are moderately convex, the fullest inflation . along the umbonal slope and just above the middle; surface with very fine growth lines and occasionally heavier, irregular rest- ing marks or deeper folds; hinge and interior of valves un- known. Length 76mm. (broken) ; height 50mm.; diameter 29mm. Length 81mm. ; height 46mm. (crushed) ; semi-di- ameter 14.5mm. Length 82mm. (broken) ; height 54mm.; diameter 29mm. Length 55mm. ; height 21mm.; semidiameter 7mm. (Ecuador) Remarks.—These fossils are common in the upper Punta Bra- vo grits along the north side of the Cerro Verde ridge about 2 or 4 miles inland from the shore. They are associated with a semi-marine or brackish-water fauna which includes Ampulli- nopsis spencert Cooke. The hinge is not exposed on any of our specimens and the internal molds show no impressions of the muscle scar or pallial line. Their reference to the genus San- guinolaria is therefore based principally on their external appear- ance and more information may show that they actually belong to an entirely different group. This species has also been collected from certain sandstones near Zapotal (Santa Elena pen.) Ecuador. At this place they occur with a more marine fauna which includes Leda, Spisula posorjensis, Mactrella tumbezia and several gasteropods. The Ecuadorian specimens are consistently smaller or dwarfed as compared to the Peruvian. It would seem that the more marine conditions of Zapotal had been less favorable than the brackish- 66 BULLETIN 63 162 water environment which accompanied the formation of the Pun- ta Bravo grits. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo grits along the north side of the Cerro Verde ridge, Province of Tumbez. Zapotal sandstones, Zapotal Ecuador. Family DONACIDAE Deshayes Genus DONAX Linné Section PARADONAX Cossmann Donax (Paradonax) petersoni, n. sp. Plate 9, figs. 6, 7. Shell small, elongate, moderately thick and _ porcellaneous ; posterior side quite short, sloping, rounded at the extremity and about a fourth of the total length; anterior dorsal margin straight ; ventral margin straight and parallel to the anterior dor- sal margin in the posterior region, thence curving upward in the anterior portion and meeting the dorsal side in a smooth, even curve; valves slightly convex; surface smooth with very indis- tinct radial markings except on the posterior-umbonal angle and slope where there are deep concentric ribs and grooves; ventral margin crenulated ; interior concealed. Length 19.25mm.; height 7.5mm.; semidiameter 2.75mm. Remarks.—This species is similar to Donax gracilis Hanley of the Panamic fauna. It differs in being shorter and higher and in its strong sculpture of concentric ribs and grooves on the poster- ior side. This species is named for Dr. G. Peterson, Manager of the Zorritos Oil Field at Zorritos. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Punta Bravo grits west branch of Que. Canoas about 4 miles inland. Superfamily MACTRACEA Family MACTRIDAE Gray Genus MACTRA Linné Subgenus MACTRELLA Gray Section MACTRELLA s. s. Mactra (Mactrella) tumbezia, n. sp. Plater etic:seoh Ds Shell small to medium size, inequilateral, plump, subtrigonal ; 163 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 67 umbos prominent of medium width, narrowing above into the small and nearly central beaks; ventral margin smoothly round- ed and forming a quarter segment of a large circle; posterior- umbonal slope slightly convex to flattened, defined by a narrow ridge extending from the beaks; anterior side contracted, nar- rowed but not impressed or flattened, no lunule; surface smooth or marked simply with fine, closely crowded growth lines; hinge unknown. Length 38mm. ; height 31mm.; semidiameter 9.5mm. Remarks.—The hinge is partly exposed on one of our speci- mens from Ecuador and seems to be similar to the hinge of recent species of Mactrella from the West Coast. The posterior-um- bonal angle is simply feebly ridged and not alated as in the re- cent Mactrella alata Spengler and clhisea Dall. The specimens from Posorja Ecuador are somewhat larger than those of Peru but are generally crushed or distorted out of shape. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Heath formation, basal Caleto Mero shales at Caleto Mero. Zapotal sandstones of Za- potal Ecuador, Posorja Ecuador. Genus SPISULA Gray Section OXYPERAS Morch Spisula (Oxyperas) steinmanni, n. sp. Plate 9, fig. 1. Shell of medium size, nearly equilateral, p!ump, subtrigonal, the height being about four-fifths the length; beaks slightly anterior of the middle with high full umbos ; the ventral margin is broadly rounded with the anterior and posterior extremities bluntly point- ed; anterior and posterior dorsal margins straight; the posterior dorsal slope or submargins flattened and defined by a ridge or cord-like umbonal angle; the anterior-dorsal submargins little elevated along the hinge margin and neatly sculptured with even, regular lines; general surface of shell is smooth, but with 3, 4, or 5, strong concentric undulations or folds close to the basal mar- gin. Length 45mm. ; height 36.25mm.; diameter 26mm. Remarks.—Differs from S. callistoides Olsson from the Sa- man Eocene by its higher and more typical Spisula-like form. The 68 BULLETIN 63 164 surface is quite smooth with the concentric undulations of Oxy- peras only near the ventral margin. This species is named for the late Professor G. Steinmann of Bonn, in recognition of his pioneer work on South American ge- ology. His recent book, “Die Geologie von Peru,” is a complete summary of our present knowledge of the geology and paleon- tology of Peru and is indispensable to all students of South Amer- ican West Coast geology. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo grits of Caleto Sal. Que Charanal. | Class GASTROPODA Order CTENOBRANCHIATA Superfamily TAENIOGLOSSA Family NATICIDAE Forbes Genus FOLINICES Montford Subgenus NEVERITA Risso Polinices (Neverita) subreclusiana, n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 1, 4. Shell small, solid; spire of medium height and composed of four and one-half whorls; the spire-whorls between close but distinct sutures, are weakly convex; body-whorl large, forming most of the shell, slightly shouldered near the suture, subflattened in the middle then sharply rounded into the base; basal region more or less impressed with a large, thick callus which does not completely fill the umbilical region but leaves a small narrow part near the apertural end open; a small groove cuts across the um- bilical callus from the aperture or inner lip to the upper end of the unfilled portion of the umbilicus; surface smooth. Height 18mm.; greater diameter 21mm. Remarks.—Of the two species of Neverita in the Peruvian Oligocene it is interesting to note that one form, quirosana Hodson from the Mancora rocks, seems to be nearest related to the Atlantic duplicata of Say, while the other, swbreclusiana from the Chira shales is probably the early Oligocene percursor of the West Coast reclusiana of Deshayes. Neverita reclusiana and its allies in the recent fauna have been discussed by Pilsbry®. The shell is generally higher than in SPilsbry, 1929, Nautilus, vol, 42, pp. 109-113, pl. 6, figs. 1-9, 165 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 69 duplicata, the callus is larger and generally grooved across the lower, inner side. According to Pilsbry’s figures, typical reclusi- ana resembles subreclusiana in form, but the callus is larger and more spreading. Polinices subporcana Williston'® from the Vene- zuelan Miocene, belongs to the reclusiana group, differing from subreclusiana in being larger, more globose and with the callus of different shape leaving more of the umbilicus open. Locality and Geologic Occurrence-——Chira formation, Chira shales near Casa Saman. Polinices (Neverita) quirosana F. Hodson Plate 11, figs. 4, 5. 8. Polinices paraguanensis quirosana F. Hodson, 1927, Bulls. Amer. Pal., Voll, IS, jos Wal, rol, Sk, wives Ilo Dy Shell small to medium size ,solid; in shape, the shell recalls Neverita duplicata Say but is somewhat higher and the profile of the body-whorl viewed from the front, is subangulated and with a flatter base; the umbilical callus is like that of duplicata but larger so that the unfilled area on the side opposite the aper- ture is somewhat smaller and narrower; aperture semi-lunar, oblique; surface smooth or faintly marked with growth-lines. Height 20mm.; greater diameter 30mm. Remarks.—This Naticid seems colsely related to the Neverita quirosana of Hodson from the Oligocene - Miocene rocks of Miranda, Venezuela. Hodson considered quirosana as a variety of paraguanensis but since quirosana may be strictly Oligocene in age while paraguanensis is late Miocene or Pliocene, I am in- clined to believe that the two forms are distinct. Neverita quiros- ana as noted, is the Oligocene representative of the duplicata group. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo, Caleto Sal. Que. Charanal. Chira formation, Sal Chica. Subgenus LUNATIA Gray Polinices (Lunatia) chulucana, n. sp. Plate 10, figs. 2, 3. Shell of medium size, paludiniform with a moderately high spire and large body-whorl ; nucleus unknown; whorls 4+, moder- ately convex, except the body-whorl which is large and very 19In Hodson, 1927, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol., 13, pl. 70, pl. 36, fig. 3, pl. 37, figs. 5, 9, 16, 70 BULLETIN 63 166 strongly convex; surface is smooth except for fine lines of growth; sutures simple, close and not bordered by an appressed or flattened band; umbilical region covered on our specimens but probably with a narrow, umbilical chink; aperture semi-lunar, the outer lip thin and slightly oblique; columellar region con- cealed. Pellets Height 20mm.; greater diameter 19mm. 16mm. ; 14mm. Remarks.—Only two specimens of this species are known, both having the umbilical and columellar region wholly or part- ly covered by rocky matrix. Consequently their reference to Lunatia is provisional and may be subject to change on the dis- covery of additional material. In form, the shell resembles Natica Fortunei Reeve®® from China but has a wider body-whorl and narrower spire. The shell also bears much resemblance to certain of the fresh-water Paludinas and high-spired Ampullarias but their association with marine species is against this relationship. The high-spired Ampullarinas related to Amauropsis Morch and Pachycromma Woodring, have a different shaped aperture and inner lip. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Chira shales north of Casa Saman. Genus SINUM (“Bolten”) Roeding Sinum multilineatum Gabb var. peruvianum, n. var. Plate 10, figs. 5, 6. Shell small, moderately heavy with a low, but erect, pointed spire ; whorls 3 or 4, those of the spire slightly to moderately con- vex between close, distinct sutures; body-whorl large forming the greater part of the shell, oblique and with the greatest infla- tion around the anterior one-third; umbilical region deeply exca- vated, perforated by a narrow umbilical chink: surface orna- mented as usual with fine, fairly regular spiral lines or threads: aperture large, nearly semicurcular in form with a thin, sharp outer lip; inner lip thickened. “Reeve, 1863, Journ. de Conch., t 9, f. 5. Tryon, 1886, Manual of Conch., vol 8, p. 37, pl. 14, fig. 23. 167 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 71 Height 15mm.; diameter 17mm. 19.5mm. ; 21mm. Remarks.—In form, this species is a diminutive of the recent Peruvian S. concavum Lamarck except that in the fossil, the spire is usually a little more elevated, pointed and the umbilical region is more deeply excavated. It is probably closely related to Gabb’s?? Sigaretus multilineatus from the Lower Miocene of Sapote, Costa Rica, but unfortunately the type specimen at the Philadelphia Academy could not be located so that direct com- parison has not been possible. S. carolanuwm Spieker from the Zorritos Miocene, according to Spieker’s figure is more de- pressed. Belonging to this same group, is S. mississippiensis Con- rad from the Vicksburgian Oligocene which has a lower, more erect, pointed spire and less convex whorls. There are several other species of Simwm which may be com- pared with the Peruvian fossil, but their similarities may be more apparent than real. S. chipolanum Dall appears to be a member of the concavum group but differs in having the profile of the body- whorl more evenly convex so that the greatest convexity of the whorl is near the middle. According to Dall, chipolanum is said to resemble S. declivis Conrad of the Claibornian Eocene but separated by its closed umbilicus and absence of the emargination of the pillar. S. obliqum Gabb of the Tejon Eocene has a lower flatter spire. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Heath formation, base of Caleto Mero shales, Caleto Mero. Posorja, Ecuador. Family AMPULLARIIDAE Gray Genus AMPULLINA Lamarck Subgenus AMPULLINA s. s. Ampullina (Ampullina) bravoensis, n. sp. Plate 11, figs. 3, 7. Shell large, heavy, globose; whorls about 5, convex, between deeply grooved sutures; spire of moderate height with a pointed tip ; body-whorl large, inflated, the greatest convexity in line with the suture or upper edge of outer lip; surface is marked with faint, subobsolete spiral bands, quite regularly spaced on the 21Gabb 1881, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 8, 2nd series, p. 339, pl. 44, fig. 6. 72 BULLETIN 63 168 middle of the whorls, finer and fainter near the sutures ; aperture semilunar with a simple, thin outer lip; inner lip callused; base or umbilical region impressed or excavated, often defined by a ridge or an impressed line; umbilicus closed to narrowly opened. Height 58mm.; diameter 53mm. Remarks.—This is a large, coarse species, a member of the lacustrine fauna of the Punta Bravo grits. It resembles 4. woodsi Hanna and Israelsky (4. gabbi Woods) of the Saman and Cabo Blanco, but differs by its more shouldered whorls, more pointed spire and by its more impressed or excavated base. Both species have a fairly strong, spiral lining. Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo grits, Punta Bravo, Caleto Sal, etc. Mirador conglom- erates, Chira valley. Subgenus AMPULLINOPSIS Conrad Ampullina (Ampullinopsis) spenceri Cooke Plate 11, figs. 2, 6. Ampullina (Ampullinopsis) spenceri Cooke 1919, Contributions to the Geology and Paleontology of the West Indies, Carnegie Institu- tion of Washington, No. 291, p. 123, pl. 5, figs. 1-3. Ampullinopsis was proposed by Conrad” in 1865, with Natica mississippiensis Conrad as sole example. Although it was never described, Conrad’s name must take precedence over Fisher’s”* Megatylotus with Natica crassatina Lamarck as its genotype. Ampullina crassatina and misssissippiensis are very closely re- lated and Dall?* in 1892, considered mississippiensis as but a vari- ety of the European fossil. Amupllina spenceri was described by Cooke from the Antiguan Oligocene. According to Cooke, spenceri resembles amphora Heilprin?® of the Tampa silex beds, differing principally by its less elevated spire. In mississippiensis, the umbilicus is complete- ly filled with callus, the base is less flattened, rounded on the edge and not limited by a groove or ridge as in spenceri. The Natica (Ampullina) collagoensis of Bela Hubbard*® from the 22Conrad 1865, Amer. Journ. Conch., vol. 1, p. 27. 23Fisher 1885, Manuel de Conchyliologie, p. 766. 24Dall 1892, Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. 3, p. 375. 25Heilprin 1887, Trans. Wagner Free Inst., vol. 1, pp. 112, 120, pl. 16, fig. 50, also Dall 1915, Bull. 90, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 108, pl. 11, fig. 5. 26Bela Hubbard 1920, N. Y., Acad. of Sci., vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 185, pl. 21, figs. ial, aA, 169 OLsson: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV Miss San Sebastian shales of Porto Rico is probably a synomym of spenceri as suggested by Woodring. Examples of the Peruvian fossil have been compared with Cooke’s types of spenceri in Washington. They show a greater variation in the elevation of the spire, the width and impression of the flattened base, the carination of the body-whorl and in other characters. The extremes of these variations may be seen from the figures. In spenceri, the sutures are deeply channelled so that the sum- mit of each whorl appears to be somewhat shouldered or flattened. The flattened or excavated base may be limited by a groove or by a slight ridge. The growth lines are oblique, bend sharply back- ward at the basal angle and then forming a wide swing, concave forward across the flattened base. Faint revolving lines may be seen on well-preserved specimens. The umbilical area is only half covered by callus. The stratigraphic range of Ampullinopsis is nearly restricted to Oligocene formations. The type occurrence of mississippiensis is in the lower Oligocene or Vicksburgian of Mississippi. The Eocene records of this species given by Gregorio from the lower Claiborne of Alabama are probably incorrect. Dall records miss- issippiensis as a variety of crassatina from several localities in the Oligocene of Oregon, Washington, California and Alaska. In Europe, crassatina is a wide-spread Oligocene species. According to Vredenburg, this species is found at Zudin, Zhor district of Baluchistan in beds of Stampian age. A. birmanica Vredenburg?’ from Shinmardaung is a higher spired shell and of Lattorfian age. The Upper Eocene of Nanggulan Java contains A. clakei Martin?®, a small, globose species. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, up- per part of Punta Bravo grits, north side of Cero Verde ridge; Punta Bravo grits of Que. Canoas; Mirador conglomerates near Tamarindo. Posorja, Ecuador. Murucucu district of Colombia. Antigua formation of Antigua (Cooke, U. S. Nat. Mus.). San Sebastian shales of Porto Rico (Bela Hubbard). 27Vredenburg 1922, Records Geol. Survey of India, vol. 58, pt. 4, pp. 359- 369, pl. 25-28. 28Martin 1914, Samml. des geol. R. Mus in Leiden, n. ser., vol. 2, p. 173, pl. 6, figs. 152-154, 74. BULLETIN 63 170 Family TURRITELLIDAE Gray Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck Turritella samanensis Olsson Turritella samanensis Olsson, 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 14, p. 65, pl. 14, figs. 3, 4, 6, 7, 8. Turritella samanensis in the Talara and Saman formations of the Upper Eocene, is a small or medium-sized shell with a moder- ate taper, slightly but evenly convex whorls and a subregular sculpture of fine to moderately coarse spirals. The early spire- whorls have 3 strong, primary spirals and a deep, concave zone in the sutural area. Typical samanensis continues into the Chira shales but is much larger and more corasely sculptured. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Lower and upper part of the Chira shales north of Casa Saman. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and Israelsky Plate 12, figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and Israelsky, 1925, Proc. Calif. Acad. of Sci., 4th series, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 41, pl. 7, fig. 5. “Shell acute-conic, with an apical angle of 15°; sutures de- pressed, with a strong collar-like rib just below; and with minor riblets intercalated. Alt. 23.7mm. (apex missing) ; dia. 5.1mm. Mancora.” (Hanna and Israelsky, 1925.) Shell of medium size, with a fairly rapid taper and strongly sculptured whorls; protoconch unknown; earliest post-nuclear whorls observed, have three, strong, nearly smooth and equal spiral cords, the two lower, adjacent, the upper or posterior sepa- rated by a deep, wide concave groove; on the later spire-whorls, the posterior cord increases greatly in strength, developing into a pronounced and heavy keel; it is bordered below by a wide interspace and this in turn by the two anterior cords; on still older specimens, a fourth spiral may appear emerging from the anterior suture; base of the last whorl slightly convex and marked with six or more, low, close spirals; whole surface with very fine submicroscopic spiral lines ; growth-lines with a moder- ately deep sinus, the apex lying in the deep groove between the posterior and anterior cords; sutures close, distinct. 171 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 75 Height 37mm.; diameter 16mm. (4 whorls) 30mm. ; T5mm. (5.5 whorls) 33mm. ; 13mm, (6.5 whorls) Remarks.—With the exception of conquistadorana and prob- ably the Argentine and Chilian forms grouped about Turritella Breantina d’Orbigny the other known species of Turritella having sutures bordered by a posterior cord or keel, much stronger than the rest of the sculpture, seem to be restricted to the American Eocene with representive species in both North and South Amer- ica. The stratigraphic occurrence of conquistadorana in the basal Heath shales of early Late Oligocene age is therefore unusual, especially since no trace of this group has yet been found in the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene formations. For purpose of comparison, the Eocene species may be divided into 2 groups based on the taper of the adult shell. In the first group with T. precincta Conrad*® of the Wilcox Eocene as the typical form, the shell is short and stout with a large apical angle and consequent rapid taper. It also includes the T. merriami Dickerson*® of the Californian Eocene. In the second group, the shells are very long and slender with a slow, gradual taper. Its most striking member is 7. Dickersoni Woods*' of the Negritos formation. Other species of the Dickerson group are T. humer- osa Conrad*? from the Wilcox Eocene, 7. Hopkinsi** and Iddingsi®* from Peru and T. soaresana Hart*® from the Maria Farinha Eocene of Brazil. T. conquistadorana belongs to the first group. ; Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Heath formation, basal Caleto Mero shales at Caleto Mero. Basal Mancora shales at Boca de Mancora. 29precincta Conrad 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 211. Harris 1899, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 3, p. 76, pl. 10, fig. 8. 30merriami Dickerson 1913, Univ. of Cal. Pub., vol. 7, p. 284, pl. 18, figs. 6a, 6b, 6c. 21Dickersoni Woods 1922, p. 79, pl. 8, figs. 6, 7. 32humerosa Conrad 1835, Trans. Geol. Soc. Penn., vol. 1, p. 340, pl. 138, fig. 3, Harris 1899, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 3, p. 75, pl. 10, figs. 5, 6, 7. 33hopkinsi Olsson, 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 14, p. 64, pl. 14, fig. 2. 34iddingsi Olsson 1928, idem., p. 65, pl. 14, fig. 1. 35soaresana Hart (in White) 1888, Archivos do Museu Nacional, vol. 7, p. 160, pl. 18, figs. 8, 9. 76 BULLETIN 63 172 Turritella hubbardi Hodson Plate 12, figs. 4, 6, 8, 10, 13, 14. Turritella hubbardi Hodson, 1926, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 11, p. 14, pl. 7, figs. 2-5, pl. 8, figs. 1-6, pl. 9, figs. 1, 5, 6. This species was described by Hodson from the Oligocene- Miocene of Venezuela. There are two strong cords about the lower half of each whorl, the most anterior lying just above the lower suture and forming a strong keel to the last whorl. In young shells or on the earlier whorls, a 3rd cord is present at the posterior one-fourth, with finer threads in the concave zone just below. This is the type of sculpture which characterizes typical hubbardi of Venezuela. The Peruvian examples are larger, our fragments representing shells which reached a length of 4omm. or more. On the large, more mature forms from Caleto Mero, the interval between the peripheral or basal cord often have two, subequal primary spirals of which the uppermost represents the weakened third or most posterior cord. Fine secondary and tertiary threads occur in the intervals between the larger spirals. The spiral cords are sometimes obscurely beaded. Variety weeksi Hodson from Venezuela is more coarsely sculptured than any of our specimens. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Mira- dor sandstones and shales of Que. Charanal. Heath formation, basal Caleto Mero shales at Caleto Mero. Turritella meroensis, n. sp. Plate 18, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4. Shell moderately large, Mesalia-like with strongly convex whorls sculptured with heavy, spiral cords or ribs; taper of shell as figured is fairly rapid, the spire-whorls strongly convex with deep, concave sutural zone; protoconch unknown; early post- nuclear whorls have 2 subequal spiral ribs, shortly increasing to 2 on the succeeding whorls through the addition of a new spiral on the posterior side; these 3 spirals become nearly equal in size to form 3 primary cords; on older, more fully mature shells, the primary ribs are increased to 4, 5 or more though futher addi- tions on the posteior side or by intercalation between the 1st and 2nd; the spaces between the primary ribs are concave, wide and smooth or with a small secondary threads and finer tertiar- ies; base slightly convex or little flattened and sculptured with about 6 irregular spirals, coarse near the margin, fine and sub- obsolete close to the pillar; growth-lines sinuous producing a broad, shallow sinus, the axis lying in the posterior one-third, 173 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV Ue with the basal lobe nearly straight, its apex to the left of the upper lobe. Height 4omm.; diameter 17mm. (5 whorls) 37mm. ; 16.5mm. (5 whorls) yun: 2zomm. (1 1/4 whorls) Remarks.—This species is abundant in the basal Caleto Mero or Heath shales associated with 7. conquistadorana and hubbarci. I have found no Tertiary species with which meroensis can be closely compared. In its rapid taper, strongly convex whorls and coarse sculpture, it resembles certain species of Mesalia but the aperture and shape of the growth lines are those of Turri- tella. In Guillaume’s*® classification of the growth lines of Tur- ritella, this species would be placed between his No. 2 and 3 but the axis or deepest part of the sinus lies in the posterior one- third. The earlier spire whorls have 3 primary cords increasing to 4, 5 or more on the later turns. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Heath formation, Caleto Mero, Posorja Ecuador. Turritella gilbertharrisi Hodson Plate 138, figs. 5, 6, 7, 11, 12 Plate 14, fig. 1 Turritella gilbertharrisi Hodson, 1926, Bulls, Amer. Pal., vol. 11, p. 17, pl. 12, figs. 2, 4, 6; pl. 13, figs, 1-6; pl. 14, figs. 1, 4, 7. Turritella gilbertharrisi and several varieties were described by Hodson from the Oligocene-Miocene rocks of Venezuela. In Peru, this species has been found to be fairly common in the Nummulitic sandy shales of Sal Chica, less common in the Chira shales. Young shells probably of this species, have also been noted in the Saman group. The stratigraphic range of the spe- cies in Peru is therefore rare in the Upper Eocene becoming lo- cally common in the Lower Oligocene. The Peruvian fossils show considerable variation in most characters. They usually differ from the Venezuelan in having a weaker and cruder sculpture and with the basal or anterior cords closer together, often with a tendency for the posterior or upper cord to become much stronger. The periphery of the whorl is less angulated and consequently has a more rounded or less flattened base. Certain specimens from Caleto Sal may 36Guillaume 1924, Bull. Geol. Soc. France 4th series, vol. 24, No. 5, p. 285. 78 BULLETIN 63 174 have the surface nearly smooth but the common form is weakly sculptured as indicated by figures 5, 6, 11. The whole range of variation is also found in the Chira shales from coarsely sculp- tured (figure 12.) to others that are nearly smooth. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Chira shales of Casa Saman, Sal Chica shales of Caleto Sal. Turritella salchia, n. sp. Plate 138, figs. 8, 9, 10, 18, 14 Shell of medium size, with numerous, straight-sided whorls and even taper; sutures close, indistinct; protoconch and early spire-whorls unknown; sculpture consists of a strong, spiral cord about the lower suture and forming a pronounced keel to the periphery of the last whorl; this cord is bordered above by a groove and a second spiral cord usually a little weaker than the first; above the 2 major spirals, the surface of the whorl is lower, flattened to excavated and usually sculptured with 4, sub- regular, beaded spirals separated by wider intervals; spirals fine- ly beaded by sinuated growth-lines. Height 27mm. (4 whorls) ; diameter 12mm. Remarks.—Our specimens are fragmentary and encrusted with a calcareous sandy coating concealing to a large extent the finer surface features. The periphery of the last whorl is strong- ly keeled and bordered above by a 2nd but weaker cord. The wide space between the peripheral keel and the upper suture is flat- tened or excavated and usually sculptured with 4, finer, but reg- ularly beaded spirals. The taper of the shell is quite slow. It will be distinguished from Twurritella gilbertharrist by its heavy peri- pheral cord and generally stronger sculpture and flatter whorls. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Sal Chica Nummulitic beds of Caleta Sal. Turritella galvesia, n. sp. Plate 14, figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Shell small or medium-size; whorls numerous, slightly convex in profile but usually somewhat angulated about the lower third so that the grestest diameter of each whorl is in this region; ear- liest spire-whorls with two primary spirals in the center of the first few whorls; on the succeeding whorls, the primary spirals become more anterior and new secondaries appear on the area adjacent to the upper suture; sutures fine, indistinct, with the bordering areas straight or flattened and covered with numerous 175 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 79 spiral threads; on half-grown shells, the secondary spirals be- come equal to the primary and the whorl interval is covered with 8 to 12, subreeular, revolving threads along with a finer inter- stitial threadlet in each interval; base rounded. Length 29mm.; diameter 9mm. 30mm. ; 8mm. Remarks.—When full-grown. this Turritella resembles saman- ensis Olsson, in its slightly convex whorls and fine sculpture. It is a more delicate and fragile species. and most of my specimens from Que. Charanal are crushed or flattened out of shape. Usu- ally the whorls are somewhat aneulated and with slichtly coarser spirals about the lower sutures. In shape, the shells vary from forms with a fairly rapid taper as in samanensis to types quite slender and aciculate. The earlier nenionic whorls differ con- siderably from those of samanensis, in having 2 instead of 2 pri- mary spirals about the center. With increase in size, the pri- mary spirals become proeressively more anterior in position and new secondary threads appear in the area just above. The pro- file of the spire-whorls are at first nearly straight hut along with the forward movement of the primary spirals. they later become more convex and subaneulated. With still further growth. the 2 primary spirals lose their prominence and the whole surface of the whorl is covered with numerous, subrecular spirals. In very old shells, the spirals may again hecome irregular through the unequal growth of new secondaries. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Mir- ador conglomerates and sandstones of Que. Charanal. Turritella caleta, n. sp. Plate 12, figs. 9, 11, 12, 15 Shell small or medium size, with a slow taper resulting in a fairly long, slender shell; protoconch not known; early whorls with 2, spiral ridges about the upper and lower sutures and di- vided by a wide smooth, concave medial zone; these spiral cords are finely crenulated by the growth-lines; on the following whorls the anterior spiral becomes stronger and even keel-like while the posterior ridge diminishes in strength and becomes nearly obsolete on the last whorls; body-whorl with a 3rd spiral emerging from the suture so that the periphery of the whorl car- ries 2, heavy spiral cords, the upper being the stronger; with ex- 80 BULLETIN 63 176 ception of the above mentioned spirals, the surface of the shell is smooth or with very fine, submicroscopic spirals and heavier, sinuous growth-lines; the growth-lines show a wide, shallow | sinus on the base and a deeper sinus in the medial concave zone. Length 23mm.; diameter 13mm.; (2 1/2 whorls) 22mm. ; 8.25mm. (5 whorls) Remarks.—VThis is a rare species represented in our collection only by fragmentary specimens. The nepionic whorls are bian- gulated, the anterior and posterior cords finely beaded and sep- arated by a wide concave zone. On the subsequent whorls, the anterior cords become much larger, developing a sharp keel. The surface is smoothish or only obsoletely striated in the adult. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Heath formation, base of Caleto Mero shales, Caleto Mero. Family MELANIIDZ (Lamarck) Gray Genus PACHYCHILUS Lea Pachychilus canoasensis, n. sp. Plate 15, fig. 5 Shell small, solid with a medium length spire and smooth por- cellaneous whorls; sutures distinct; whorls 6 or more (tip of spire broken), straight-sided but with a slight edge or coronation just below the upper suture; body-whorl about half the total length, straight-sided above, slightly angled about the periphery or middle and then sloping evenly to the anterior end; aperture subelliptical; the outer lip is broken but it was probably of me- dium thickness; growth-lines sinuous with a broad, shallow curve or sinus across the middle opposite the outer lip; columella strongly thickened. Length 17.5mm. ; diameter 6.5mm. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo grits of Que. Canoas. Genus HANNATOMA n. gen. Type.—Melanatria (?) gesteri Hanna and Israelsky The following is a description of the genus Hannatoma. Shell paludiniform to elongate melaniform, massive with nu- merous whorls; sutures distinct, somewhat channeled; whorls generally flat-sided, with a heavy sculpture of revolving ribs or cords; the spire whorls have two of these cords nearly equal in 177 OLsson: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 81 size, on the later turns generally the upper cord becomes larger ; base of last whor! rounded, with three smaller and _ stronger cords; aperture unknown, judging from the growth lines, sinu- ated, concave about the upper half, convex forward below; in- ner lip and columella heavily callused; anterior canal short, slightly twisted and apparently broadly truncate. Remarks.—This new genus Hannatoma is proposed for a group of three species very characteristic of the Peruvian Mid- dle Oligocene. Judging by the shape of the growth-lines on the base of the body-whorl, the anterior canal appears to have been broadly and obliquely truncated. This feature would suggest a possible relationship with the Hemisinus group, widely distrib- uted in the fresh-water streams of South America and the An- tillean region. In typical Hemisinus Swainson (genotype, H. lineolatus Gray) from Jamaica, the outer lip is straight but the species from eastern Brazil (H. edwardsi Lea) have a strongly sinuated lip as in Hannatoma. The strong spiral cords of Han- natoma is paralleled among certain species of the North Amer- ican Plewrocera. This genus is named for Dr. G. Dallas Hanna of the Califor- nia Academy of Science, who with Mr. Merle C. Israelsky, de- scribed the first species from Peru. Hannatoma gesteri Hanna and Israelsky Plate 16, figs. 2, 7 Melanatria (?) gesteri Hanna and Israelsky, 1925, Proc. Calif, Acad. of Sci., 4th series, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 42, pl. 8, figs. 1-3. “Shell robust, spire turreted, composed of eight post nuclear whorls; sutures deeply impressed, bordered above and below by an irregular, rounded, spiral ridge; body whorl with these two ridges and three smaller ones below; the uppermost of the three shows above the suture on the penultimate whorl; columella twisted, and apparently heavily calloused in full-grown speci- mens; these have a decided anal sulcus in the upper angle of the aperture; peristome thin; canal of moderate length only.”— Hanna and Israelsky. Length 58mm.; diameter 24.5mm. Remarks.—This is the commonest species, and distinguished 82 BULLETIN 63 178 from the next by its shorter and more stubby form. The spiral cords are less strong, flattening out on the later turns. During the Middle Oligocene, this species together with Pseudofaunus bravoensis spread northward into northern Colombia. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Punta Bravo, Caleto Sal, Punta Mero, etc. Hannatoma tumbezia, n. sp. Plate 15, figs. 1, 2 Shell massive, elongate-turritelloid, with a fairly long, slender spire; whorls numerous (9+), between distinct and slightly channeled sutures; sculpture of spire whorls of 2, heavy spiral cords, the upper or posterior, often being much larger and coarser on the later turns and sometimes forming a distinct shoulder; base of last whorl rounded with 3, additional and much narrower cords; growth lines sinuous; complete aperture not known; inner lip heavily calloused, with a stout, robust colum- ella. Length 71mm.; diameter 25mm. Remarks.—This species will be distinguished from gestert by its much larger shell and stronger sculpture. Both gesteri and tumbezia are common fossils in the typical Punta Bravo grits together with Ampullina bravoensis and Pseudofaunus bravoensis, Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo grits, Punta Bravo and Caleta Sal. Lagunitas shales of Lagunitas. Hannatoma emendorferi, n. sp. Plate 15, figs. 3, 8 Shell much smaller than the last two species, elongate, turri- telloid, melaniform; whorl 5+; sculpture of spire-whorls of two, strong, spiral cords, the upper one strongest and separated from the lower, by a wide, groove-like interval; base of last whorl sloping and bearing 4, strong cords so that the body-whorl has 6, spiral cords in all; these basal cords are somewhat smaller than the upper 2; aperture broken; growth lines sinuous. Length 46mm.; diameter 15.5mm. 36.5mm. ; 13mm. Remarks.—This is a much smaller species than gesteri and tumbezia, and occurs in the Mirador sandstones and conelomer- ates along the Chira valley. 179 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 83 It is named for Mr. Earl Emendorfer, formerly Geologist and Chemist for the International Petroleum Co., in Peru and Colom- bia. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Mir- ador sandstones and conglomerates, Chira valley. Genus HEMISINUS Swainson Hemisinus terebriformis, n. sp. Plate 15, fig. 4 Shell small, slender, Terebra-like in sculpture and form; the whorls coronated by a heavy, noded, spiral cord or keel, situated just in front of the upper suture; in addition the sculpture con- sists of a series of oblique or curved coste extending more or less continuously from suture to suture on the spire whorls or ending abruptly at the periphery of the body whorl or Ist basal spiral; the noded character of the sutural keel is caused by its in- tersection with the coste; the spire whorls may also have 2 or 3 faint, spiral cords which become stronger on the later turns ; base of whorl rounded with 5 or 6, heavy spiral cords and wider interspaces ; outer lip slightly expanded, with a wide sinus at its upper one-third. Length 19mm. (3 1/2 whorls) ; diameter 1omm. Remarks.—No specimen with a perfect aperture or one fully exposed has been feund, although the species is quite common at Canoas. It is therefore referred to the genus Hemuisinus chiefly on account of its fresh-water or non-marine character. It will be easily recognized by its strong keel or rib which forms the upper edge of each whorl. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Pun- ta Bravo grits of Que. Canoas. Genus ANCONIA, n. gen. Type.—Anconia elenensis, n. sp. The following is a description of the genus Ancomia. Shell large, subulate, with numerous, slowly tapering whorls ; early spire whorls more slender than the later turns, smooth; the last few whorls have strongly oblique, curved riblets about the upper quarter, the riblets fading out on the lower three-quarters ; growth-lines sinuous, retracted at the upper suture, convex 84 BULLETIN 63 180 across the lower half and then joining in the umbilical region to form a siphonal cord; a narrow, siphonal sinus, developing into a pronounced cord, curving upwards into the umbilical region ; aperture subcircular, oblique, inclined forward at the anterior end; outer lip thin; inner lip and columella heavy with a spread- ing callus. Remarks.—The relations of this genus is probably with the fresh water South American Hemisinus, but the fossil far ex- ceeded any of the known species of that genus in size. Most of our specimens are broken, but judging from fragments, the mature shell often exceeded 150mm. in length. The long slender spire is smooth with the last few turns ornamented with strong, curved or oblique riblets or folds. The aperture is subcircular and inclined forward at the base. Outer lip thin. The colum- ella is stout with a thin spreading callus on the body-wall and a narrow, deep, siphonal sinus at the anterior end followed by a thick cord encircling upwards into the umbilical region. Anconia elenensis, n. sp. IDS) IG, amet, Ty Hh, 3, O, iO) Shell large, subulate, porcellaneous with numerous, slowly tapering whorls; spire usually more slender than the lower half, with smooth whorls about two-thirds their width in height; su- tures distinct and strongly inclined; the last and penultimate whorls of large specimens develop a shoulder near the upper one- third which is sculptured with deep, oblique and curved riblets ; these riblets beginning about the middle of the whorl, cross the shoulder and become strong, curved riblets or folds in the area bordering the upper suture; the profile of the last whorl is sub- quadrate with a rounded base usually ornamented with 3 or 4, widely spaced cords or spirals ; base excavated with a deep groove or impressed zone lying just behind the pillar or columella; in this excavated zone, there is a strong cord or rib developed by the growth-lines crowding around the end of the anterior sinus; aperture subcircular, oblique, inclined backwards near the upper suture, Length 119mm.; diameter 35mm. (6 whorls) Holotype. 57mm. ; 31mm. (2 whorls) Paratype. 42mm. ; 28mm. (1 1/4 whorls) 181 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 85 Remarks.—Anconia elenensis occurs with Leda stewarti, n. sp. in coarse, soft and somewhat lignitic sandstones at Ancon Point Ecuador. These rocks are principally of fresh or brack- ish-water origin and are exactly equivalent to the Punta Bravo grits of Peru and therefore of Middle Oligocene age. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Ancon Point stage, Ancon Point Ecuador. Family MELANOPSIDZ Bourguignat — Genus FAUNUS Montfort Subgenus FSEUDOFAUNUS n. subg. Type.—Faunus (Pseudofaunus) bravoensis, n. sp. The following is a description of the subgenus Pseudofaunus. Shell elongate with numerous whorls, solid, smooth; whoris flat to slightly convex with distinct, linear sutures; the growth lines show a sinal inflexion about the middle of the early spire- whorls, becoming posterior of the middle on the later turns; outer lip unknown but judging from the growth lines, as in Faunus, with a deep, posterior sinus a short distance below the upper suture and a deep sinus on the base; the anterior or basal sinus is deep and narrow and gives rise to a heavy basal cord en- tering the aperture near the middle of the inner lip; inner lip somewhat calloused. Remarks.—The recent species of Faunus (type Strombus ater Linnaeus) are mud-loving, fresh-water shells inhabiting the mouths of large rivers in India, Ceylon, Philippines and as far south as New Caledonia. In the French Eocene, there are sev- eral gastropods, which on conchological grounds cannot be dis- tinguished from typical Fawnus and as Cossmann’ notes, it is strange that no species of true Faunus have yet been found in Oligocene, Miocene or Pliocene deposits. The Punta Bravo fossils are evidently closely related to Faunus but differ principally in having a strong basal cord and a larger, heavier shell. The growth lines indicate a strong pos- terior sinus, a short distance in front of the upper suture. The anterior sinus-is deep and narrow and gives birth to a strong basal cord. tCossmann, 1909, Paléoconch, Comparée, vol. 8, p. 160, 86 BULLETIN 63 182 Pseudofaunus is typically a fresh or brackish-water form. Our specimens from Colombia show a brown coloration which is prob- ably an original epidermal covering and the spire whorls are often deeply eroded and pitted as characteristic of fresh water shells in general. Faunus (Pseudofaunus) bravoensis, n. sp. Plate 15, figs. 9, 11 Shell large, solid with a long, fairly slender spire; whorls numerous (7+), between distinct, linear sutures; whorls of the spire at first flat-sided, the later ones usually being a little con- vex ; surface smooth, except for growth lines and sometimes very fine, indistinct spirals; outer lip not known, but probably as in Faunus; the growth lines sinuous with a medial sinus on the early spire whorls, this becoming more posterior on the Ja ter turns ; a deep, narrow, anterior sinus, followed by a heavy, encir- cling, basal cord emerging from the upper one-third of the aper- ture; the growth lines are often crowded together to form, low, faint varices, so that the lip was probably feebly expanded at times. Height 76mm.; diameter 27mm. Remarks.—This species along with Hannatoma, Ampullinop- sis spencerit, Ampullina bravoensis and Ostrea miradorensis are common fossils in the Punta Bravo facies of the Mancora forma- tion. The same fauna has also been collected in certain Midd'e Oligocene sandstones in the Sinu region of northern Colombia where they occur fairly closely associated with interbedded mar- ine limestones containing large Lepidocyclina. Locality and Geologic Occurrence —Mancora formation, Mira- dor conglomerates of the Chira valley; Lagunitas shales south of Lagunitas; Punta Bravo grits at Caleto Sal, Punta Mero, etc.; Que. Charura, northern Colombia. Faunus (Pseudofaunus) chiraensis, n. sp. Plate 16, figs. 4, 6 Shell small or medium size, subulate, with flat, smooth whorls and close sutures; apical angle about 21 degrees; in porportion, the spire-whorls are nearly twice as wide as high, nearly smooth and bounded by close sutures; body-whorl rounded or slightly angled about the middle or periphery, below which the surface is 183 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV &7 marked with faint to subobsolete, regular spirals and rarely ob- scure folds; growth-lines sinuous as in Fawnus, with a deep sinus a short distance below the upper suture and a broad lobe in the middle or peripheral portion; a deep, siphonal sinus seems to have been present, sometimes giving rise to an obscure fold en- circling the anterior canal. Height 45mm.; diameter 23mm. (2 1/2 whorls) | 4imm. ; 18mm. (4 whorls) Remarks.—This species differs from bravoensis, by its smaller size and sculptured base. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Chira shales near Casa Saman. Mancora formation, Chira valley. Family CERITHIIDAD Menke Genus CERITHIUM Bureguiere Cerithium ? macarum, n. sp. BiatewiGsginess Shell of medium size, solid, me‘aniform; spire rather long, composed of 7+ whorls; nucleus unknown; the early spire- whorls are sculptured with 3, primary spiral cords, at first bead- ed by narrow, straight ribblets; the spiral cords become obsolete leaving the last 3 whorls smooth or only faintly marked with growth-lines ; base of last whorl rounded and ornamented with alternating spirals; sutures deep, grooved, slightly coronating the upper edges of the whorl; there are faint indications of varices along the two sides of the shell, which lie in the same plane as the outer lip; growth-lines show a shallow but wide sinal curve across the middle of each whorl; aperture broken; anterior canal short and apparently twisted, cerithioid. Height 53mm.; diameter 20mm.; aperture 15mm. Remarks.—Our collection contains but a single specimen which is not quite complete, lacking the aperture and the nuclear tip oi the spire. The anterior canal, partly broken and encrusted with rocky matrix, appears to be cerithioid and hence the species is provisionally referred to that genus. The shell bears some re- semblance to young specimens of Cerithiuwm (Iddingsia) levius- culum Gabb of the Saman sandstones but easily recognized by its rounded base and grooved sutures. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Chira valley. 88 BULLETIN 63 184 Genus POTAMIDES Brongniart Potamides chira, n. sp. Plate 15, fig. 10 Shell small, stout ; spire high with nearly straight sides ; sutures indistinct; whorls are sculptured with two, strong spiral cords which border the upper and lower sutures and with a smaller, much finer thread between; the spiral cords are evenly noded by axial riblets which are nearly absent from the space between the primary cords; base of last whorl flattened with the periphery ornamented with two, simple spiral threads; aperture broken. Height 24.5mm.; diameter 11.5 mm. Remarks.—Our specimen is fragmentary, having lost the aper- ture and early spire whorls. Several other species of Potamides occur in the Chira shales but the material is too poorly preserved to be described and illustrated. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, near Casa Saman. Potamides hondensis, n. sp. Plate 15, figs. 6, 7 Shell short, stout with a fairly rapid taper; nucleus unknown; post-nucular whorls 8 or g with close, linear sutures; sculpture of spire-whorls consists of 2 large, heavily noded spiral cords separated by an interval of the same width as the cords them- selves and often carrying a fine interstitial thread; there is usual- ly present a fine spiral in the lower suture; on the last whorl, the posterior or uppermost spiral cord becomes heavier than the lower; periphery of last whorl blunt or rounded with 2 simple and smaller spirals; base.strongly flattened, smooth; aperture not preserved. Height 42mm. (spire broken) ; greater diameter 30mm. 49mm. ; 23mm. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Up- per Que. Honda. Family APORRHAIDA Philippi Genus ECTINOCHILUS Cossmann Ectinochilus gaudichaudi d’Orbigny Rostellaria gaudichaudi d’Orbigny, 1842, Voyage dans l’Amerique meri- dionale, Paleontologie, p. 116, pl. 14, figs. 6, 7, 8. Dientomochilus (Ectinochilus) sp. cf. lacqueata (Conrad) Woods, 1922, 1s O45 oll, A, ies, Sei, Blo. Ectinochilus gaudichaudi Olsson, 1928, Bulls. Amer. Pal., vol. 14, p. 71, OG WO, as, 8, 45 185 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 89 Typical gaudichaudi of the Saman sandstones is a nearly smooth shell reaching a maximum length of about 30 millimeters. The earlier Talara forms (var. alauda) are usually smaller with the spire whorls ornamented with closely spaced, straight rib- lets continued across the indistinct sutures but lacking from the smooth body whorl. EF. gaudichaudi is locally common in the Chira shales and in the Mirador. They are usually larger than the average-sized specimens from the Saman sandstones but reverting towards var. alauda in their ornamentation, remain coarsely sculptured at all stages. The posterior canal is continued to the tip of the spire and sometimes in a reverse direction down the opposite side, Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Mancora formation, Mira- dor, near Casa Saman; Chira formation, near Casa Saman and Ouercotilla. Genus PERUCHILUS, n. gen. Type.—Peruchilus culberti, n. sp. The following is a description of the genus Peruchilus. Shell broadly conic with rapid enlarging, straight-sided or keeled whorls ; spire-whorls angled or carinated about the middle or just below; body-whorl with a strong, central keel or ridge bordered anteriorly by a peripheral or basal keel so that on inter- nal molds or weathered specimens, this whorl appears broadly biangulated ; sutures linear, straight ; base flattened, impressed or concave; anterior canal very short; outer lip wing-like adherent only to the lower quarter or half of the penultimate whorl with a long, pointed, posterior extremity and rounded anterior side; a groove or sinus follows along the posterior side of the expanded lip being the continuation of the medial keel. Remarks.—Hemichenopus Steinmann and Wilckens** based on Chenopus araucanus Philippi from Chile and Patagonia is prob- ably related. Philippi’s*” original figure is very poor and repre- sents a fragmentary specimen with the spire and anterior canal partly missing. It does not agree entirely with the later figure of Steinmann and Wilckens’s which is however a restoration from 36Steinmann and Wilckens, 1908, Arkiv fdr Zool., Bd. 4, p. 79, pl. 7, figs. 4a, b. 37Philippi, 1887, Die Tert, u. Quart. Verstein. Chiles, p. 35, Tab. 1, fig. 2. 90 BULLETIN 63 186 fragmentary specimens collected from a hard, chalky green sand- stone near the mouth of Rio Grande Patagonia by the Swedish Magellanian Expedition. In Steinmann and Wilckens’s figure, the anterior canal is shown as being very long and slender. The outer lip is similar to 5Dall, 1915, Bull. 90, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 61, pl. 9, fig. 2. 211 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, PART IV 115 ‘whorl is very large, coronated; sutures indistinct, often covered by the appressed ends of the ribs extended forward and forming a disconnected sutural band; body-whorl very large, ventricose and Cassis-like in form; sculpture consists of heavy ribs which number about 9 on the last turn; most of the ribs are narrow and sharp on the spire whorls and ventral side of the body whorl, except the last three or four on mature shells which are broad and heavy; they are separated by wide, flat interspaces, minutely trellised by fine growth lines and spirals; aperture broad, the outer lip thickened by the longitudinal ribs; columella and inner lip with a spread of callus, apparently not free edged on the outer side; anterior sinus deep, typically developing an encircling cord-like fasciole. Height 31mm.; diameter 21.5mm. Remarks.—This species seems to be a true Harpa, the colum- ellar and parietal callus being thin, spreading, its outer edge not free or detached as in the Parisian Eocithara Fischer. Harpa jacksonensis Harris®® from Mississippi has a much higher spire. Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Chira formation, near Quercotilla. Family OLIVIDZ d’Orbigny Genus OLIVA Martyn Subgenus OLIVA s. s. Oliva (Oliva) pichincha, n. sp. Plate 20. figs. 9, 17 Shell small or medium-sized for the genus, cylindrical with a short, conic spire, the penultimate and last whorl together less than one-fourth the total length; whorls 5 or 6, straight-sided ; suture distinct, grooved; body-whorl large, subcylindrical, its greatest diameter or circumference at the upper one-third or op- posite the posterior end of the aperture; shoulder region broadly rounded so that the sutural area appears broadly appressed ; aperture subelliptical; columellar area excavated; inner lip not exposed, the fasciolar callus band Oliva-like with 2 or 3, close, oblique plaits at its anterior end. Length 23mm. ; diameter 1omm.; aperture 16mm. Remarks.—The inner lip and parietal region is largely con- cealed by matrix but the shape of the shell suggests that is should be referred to the genus Oliva. The spire is rather stout but 56Harris, 1896, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci, Phila., p. 472, pl. 18, fig. 10, 116 BULLETIN 63 PA somewhat longer than in the members of the group of Oliva veticularis. The spire is more slender and pointed than in O. kaleontina Duclos of the recent Peruvian fauna. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Posorja, Ecuador. Genus OLIVANCILLARIA d’Orbigny Subgenus OLIVANCILLARIA s. s. Olivancillaria (Olivancillaria) aequatorialis, n. sp. Plate 20, figs. 3.5, 8, 11 Shell of medium size, solid, ventricose ; spire short, conic with the nuclear tip slightly elevated and concealed by callus; whorls about 4; sutures distinct and grooved on the last turn, concealed by a wash of callus on the earlier; body-whorl large, inflated, strongly convex about the upper one-third or opposite the poster- ior end of the aperture; aperture narrow, lenticular, widely obliquely truncate at its anterior end; inner lip with a large lumpy mass of callus on the parietal wall, the columellar area excavated and with 2, strong, oblique plaits at its anterior end; basal or fasciolar callus band, thick and sharply limited; siphonal sinus wide. Length 21mm.; diameter t4mm.; aperture 17mm. 21.5mm. ; 16mm. 23mm. ; T5mm. ; 18.5mm. Remarks.—Ohvancillaria aequatorialis belongs to the typical section of Olivancillaria as evemplified by Oliva brasiliana Chem. and probable is the first record of the occurrence of the typical genus as fossil in rocks older than the Pleistocene or late Ter- tiaries. Our shells are nearest O. claneophila as figured by Duclos (Mon. de Genre Oliva pl. 209, figs. 8, 9.) in that the shoulder is more broadly rounded than brasiliana and with the suture situated some distance above the greatest inflation of the body-whorl. The tip of the spire is concealed by callus but leaving the suture free and fully exposed on the last turn. In Olivancillaria eocenica Woods from the Older Eocene of Peru, the suture is free from callus to the very tip of the spire. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Upper Middle Oligocene of Posorja, Ecuador. Subgenus AGARONIA Gray Olivanvillaria (Agaronia) antisana, n. sp. Plate 20, fig. 13 Shell small with a short pointed spire, the penultimate and spire-whorls together less than one-fourth the total length ; body- 213 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, PART IV 117 whorl large, moderately convex, its greatest diameter or circum- ference just about the middle; nucleus like 4. Miatula but smaller is high, exserted or projecting above the post-nuclear whorls; post-nuclear whorls three and one-half or 4 between deeply grooved sutures; apertures as in /iatula; inner lip with a thick, parietal callus, the columellar area slightly excavated and with 3, strong, oblique plaits, the upper 2 splitting into smaller ones in the interior; outer lip imperfect. . Length 22mm.; diameter 9.5mm.; aperture 16mm. Remarks.—This species is represented by the unique type from the basal Upper Oligocene beds of Posorja, Ecuador. Its nuclear characters appear to be exactly similar to the recent Panamian A. hiatula except in being smaller. The A. hiatula group is well represented in the Miocene rocks of Costa Rica. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Posorja, Ecuador. Olivancillaria (Agaronia) cotapaxi, n. sp. Plate 20, fig. 14 Shell small, with a medium-height, straight-sided conic spire; sutures distinct, slightly grooved; whorls about 6; body-whorl large, moderately convex, its greatest convexity approximately about the middle ; aperture about three-fourths of the total length, narrow-lanceolate at its posterior end, effuse and obliquely trun- cated anteriorly ; inner lip straight with a thin parietal callus and 3 oblique plaits at its anterior end. Length 2zomm. ; diameter 8.25mm. ; aperture 14mm. Remarks.—-Only the type species is known. It will be distin- guished from the preceding species by its longer, more conic spire and Olivella-like outlines. Its nucleus only partly preserved is small, submerged and not exserted or projecting as in the mem- bers of the hiatula group. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Posorja, Ecuador. Genus OLIVELLA Swainson Subgenus LAMPRODOMA Swainson Olivella (Lamprodoma) illesca, n. sp. Plate 20, figs. 12, 15, 16 Shell small, thin, with a spire of moderate length; nucleus blunt, consisting of about one and one-half small whorls; post- nuclear whorls 4; last whorl quite large with the sides evenly but not strongly convex and with the maximum inflation approximate- ly about the middle; sutures grooved, bordered on the posterior side by a narrow band of callus; columella not excavated, bearing 118 BULLETIN 63 214 an anterior band of callus with obliquely revolving plaits ar- ranged as follows: a small posterior plait succeeded by a strong posterior one bordered on the anterior side by a deep groove, fol- lowed by 5 much smaller plaits gradually diminishing in strength anteriorly ; parietal region not visible. Length 12mm.; diameter 5mm. Remarks.—A fairly common species at Que. Charanal but most of the specimens are flattened, showing that the shell was quite thin and delicate. The parietal and columellar regions are not fully exposed on any of our specimens. The banded sutures should aid in the identification of the species. Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Mancora formation, Que. Charanal. Family TURRIDZ Genus TURRICULA Schumacher Section SURCULA H. and A. Adams Turricula (Sureula) piura, n. sp. Plate 21, figs. 9, 13 Shell small or medium size; whorls 8 (tip broken) forming a long, slender, pointed spire about half the length of the whole shell; the last whorl is more or less contracted about the base and with a long, slender, anterior canal; anal fasciole deep, concave, smooth, more rarely with fine spirals and bordered above close to the suture by two small spirals; the sculpture consists of 6 or 7, faint or subobsolete ribs on the middle of the whorl but lack- ing both above and below; the summit of the ribs is crossed by two spirals, the lower being much the stronger and keel-like; below the periphery and to the upper edge of the base, there are 3 or 4, strong, widely and irregularly spaced spirals together with several smaller ones; base of whorl and anterior canal with 8 to 10, strong spirals and finer secondaries; anterior canal long and straight. Height 25mm. (8 whorls) ; diameter 9.5 mm. Remarks.—From eolavinia Olsson of the basal Talara beds, this species differs by its larger size and sculpture. On piura, the spiral threads are very irregular on the middle and base of the last whorl while the spiral sculpture of eolavinia is quite regular. Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, near Casa Saman, 7a 215 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 119 “ Turricula (Sureula) sullana, n. sp. Plate 21, fig. 1 Shell slender, fusiform; sutures distinct but somewhat ap- pressed and bordered just below by a spiral thread; whorls 7 (tip broken), forming a high, slender and rapid tapering spire ; whorls convex or angled about the middle, sloping above towards the upper suture, this area forming a wide, scarsely depressed or concave anal fasciole; sculpture consists of heavy, longitudinal ribs or folds and spirals ; on the last whorl, the ribs number about 7, absent or faint on the anal fasciole, gradually fading out on the base and absent from the anterior canal; spirals consists of two kinds, a primary set of small but strong threads, and fine, submicroscopic threadlets overrunning the general surface of the whole shell; there is usually a small spiral just below the up- per suture at the posterior edge of the anal fasciole; below the anal fasciole on the spire whorls there are four, primary spirals which show progressively wider spacing towards the lower suture; on the last whorl, there are about 18, primary spirals ex- tending across the base and anterior canal; the submicroscopic spirals consists of very fine threadlets and cover the anal fasciole and spaces between the primary spirals, and give to the shell surface, a peculiar and characteristic sculpture. Height 23mm. (6 whorls); diameter 11mm. 27mm. (estimated when perfect). Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, near Casa Saman. Subgenus KNEFASTIA Dall Turricula (Knefastia) chira, n. sp. Platep2iletvessslel Shell slender, mitraform, the spire and aperture of about equal length; protoconch unknown; post-nuclear whorls 4; sutures indistinct, bordered in front by a low, spiral; whorls are strongly shouldered, above which is a fairly wide, sloping and slightly concave, anal fasciole; the sculpture is predominantly spiral, together with low, axial folds or ribs which number 4 or 5 to each whorl; these ribs are best developed on the spire whorls, and on the body whorl simply as broad, low folds extending from the shoulder and across the base; on the spire whorls, the spiral sculpture consists of a low, sutural cord bounding the upper side of the fasciole, a heavy, wide cord about the shoulder of the 120 BULLETIN 63 216 whorls and a third, somewhat finer spiral next to the lower suture, the anal fasciole and spiral intervals being smooth except. for growth lines; the surface of the body-whorl, from the shoulder and across the base to the anterior canal, have 10, coarse, spiral cords with wide, smooth intervals ; there is a sharp keel, encircling the lower part of the anterior canal; anterior canal straight; a shallow, anal sinus in the fasciole. Length 22mm. (imperfect) ; diameter 8mm.; aperture 12mm. 24mm. (estimated). Locality and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, near Casa Saman. Genus CLATHRODRILLIA Dall Clathrodrillia mira, n.- sp. Plate 21, fig. 5 Shell slender, acute, the spire much longer than the aperture; protoconch not known; post-nuclear whorls 5+ (tip broken), slowly increasing in diameter; sutures indistinct, appressed and wavy, bordered in front by an undulated spiral cord; sutural fas- ciole not pronounced, scarcely differentiated on the earlier spire whorls, best defined on the later whorls as a slightly depressed or concave zone between the end of the axial ribs and the sutural- cord; sides of the whorls slightly bulged in the middle by the ribs, otherwise the profile of the spire is quite straight; sculpture on the spire whorls of about 6, low ribs which become obsolete on the back of the body-whorl; spiral sculpture consists of fairly strong, revolving threads which cover the whole surface; besides the sutural cord, there are 2 cords in the fasciole and 3 between the fasciole and the lower suture, and 10 more on the base of the body-whorl and anterior canal ; anterior canal of moderate length, narrowed and somewhat curved or twisted. Height 16mm. (314) ; diameter 6mm.; aperture 7mm. 21mm. (estimated length) Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, near Quercotilla. Genus SCOBINELLA Conrad Scobinella meloda, n. sp. Plate 21, fig. 12 Shell small or medium-size, Mitra-like in form and sculpture; whorls 5+ (tip broken), forming a straight-sided, rapidly taper- ing spire about half the length of the shell; sutural fasciole wide 217 OLSSON: PERUVIAN OLIGOCENE, Part IV 121 but shallow with an anal sinus as in Drillia; sculpture of the earliest spire whorls consists of two, beaded spirals about the middle and a plain, smooth spire above the sutural fasciole and just below the upper suture; on the succeeding whorls, the two, central beaded spirals become smooth and a fourth, small, spiral thread may appear in the center of the fasciole; the last whorl has in addition to the above, 12, simple, smooth spirals on the base and anterior canal, the resulting sculpture being Mitra-like ; anterior canal straight, the pillar with 3 or more, slightly oblique plicee, the upper being much the stronger. Height 32.5mm.; diameter 11mm. 20.5mm. (5 whorls) ; diameter 7mm. 22mm. (estimated length) Remarks.—This species resembles a smooth spiralled Mitra but is distinguished by its Drillia-like anal sinus lying in a sutural fasciole. It also resembles the Turris species grouped about Turris albida Perry to which Woodring has recently given the generic name of Polystira. It differs from these by the superior position of the anal sinus and in possessing columellar plications. In the typical species of Scobinella, the sculpture is beautifully beaded as in the type species coelata Conrad »vom Vicksburg and the Miocene species, Moriere: (Laville) Cossmann from Panama and magnifica Gabb from Santo Domingo and Jamaica. Locality and Geologic Occurrence-—Saman formation, the Lagunitas sandstones of Lagunitas. Chira formation, near Casa Saman. Genus BORSONIA Bellardi Borsonia peruviana, n. sp. Plate 21, figs. 10, 14 Shell fusoid with a high spire and a long, straight, anterior canal; whorls 5+ (tip broken), forming a long, slender spire about half the length of the shell; sutural fasciole deep, concave, with a single, spiral thread at its upper margin and bordering the suture; sculpture of about 10, low and somewhat irregular ribs on the middle of the spire whorls and the shoulder or peri- phery of the last; these ribs do not extend above into the sutural fasciole or onto the base; spiral sculpture consists of a spiral around the upper edge of the fasciole previously mentioned, gen- erally 2, more rarely 3 crossing the summit of the ribs and 8 or more spirals on the base and anterior canal; very faint 122 BULLETIN 63 218 spiral threads in the spiral intervals and on the otherwise smooth, sutural fasciole; posterior sinus as in Drillia, situated in the fas- ciole; anterior canal long, straight with two plice of which the upper is the stronger. Height 2zomm. (broken spire, 5 whorls) ; diameter 8.25mm. 22mm. (estimated length) 25mm. (broken, 5 whorls) ; diameter 11.5 mm. 30mm. (estimated length). Remarks.—This species seems to be a typical Borsonia and probably the first to be discovered in the Pacific region. Accord- ing to Cossmann®” (see also Dall®*), Borsoma prima Bellardi, the genotype, has two columellar folds, although Bellardi men- tions only one. Borsomia peruviana agrees with prima in being sub-fusiform and in its main features, but has a heavier and sharper spiral sculpture. The recent Pacific. species, according to Dall belong to Borsonella Dall, characterized by a single colum- ellar fold and principally by a feeble sculpture of spiral lines. Locahty and Geologic Occurrence.—Chira formation, Chira valley, near Casa Saman. 57Cossmann, 1896, Paleon, comparee, vol. 2, p. 97. 58Dall, 1908, Bull. M. C. Z., vol. XLIII, no. 6, p. 258, also Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 54, p. 3238. PLATES* PuaTE 1 (13) *Generously furnished, ready for insertion, by the author 124 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1 (13) Figure 1) Ostrea miradorensiss nw sp. ee Interior of Holotype, height 187 mm. Mirador 2. Ostrea miradorensis, n. sp. Cotype, external view, height 130 mm. Mirador 3. Mytilopsis trigalensis, n. sp. Holotype, height 12.5 mm. Lower Punta Bravo grits, Trigal. 4. Leda (Saccella) miradorana, n. sp. — Cotype, length 14 mm. Que. Charanal 5. Leda (Saccella) charanica, n. sp. —. Cotype, length 11 mm. Que. Charanal. 6. Leda (Saccella) miradorana, n. sp. Holotype, length 11.5 mm. 7. Leda (Saccella) charanica, n. sp. Holotype, length 9 mm. 8. Mytilopsis trigalensis, n. sp. Cotype, length 12 mm. 9. Mytilopsis trigalensis, n. sp. Cotype, length 11 mm. 10. Leda (Saccella) miradorana, n: sp. Cotype, length 12 mm. iin Wedam(Saccell/a)) i mira ora nia sirens) aera a ee Cotype, length 12.5 mm. 12) Mytilus! canoasensis, nespy ee Holotype, height 25 mm. Que. Canoas. 220 Page 40 40 42 36 37 42 42 36 36 1 NiO). Oa, IL, AMER. PALEONT BULL. 17 13. WOE, PAL. oa gene i fan Gas sre isis 126 BULLETIN 63 222 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 (14) Figure Page 1S) Arca’ (Avcina)) puntabravoensis, n. Sp.) ee 38 Cotype, length 22 mm. Punta Bravo grits, Caleto Sal. 25 Arca: x(Scapharca)) anerOensi siti gs ee a 39 Cotype, length 22 mm. Caleto, Mero Se) Anca, ((Scapharca) = meroensi ss t6 1s). 39 Cotype, length 8.5 mm. 4. Areca (Argina) puntabravoensis, n. sp. —_--.-__-- 38 Holotype, length 20.5 mm. Caleto Sal baeAtrrca(ScCapharca))) sMeROSIMSIS rie i Sie aera 39 Cotype, length 17 mm. 6 Areal (Scapharca)) aneroensis) ny (Spy ees 39 Holotype, length 17.5 mm. Caleto Mero. 7. Nucula (Nucula)) paboensis, n. spy ee ee 32) Holotype, length 21 mm. Pabo St? aNucula ““mancorensis, m.)-Sps (2225-22 ee eee 83 Holotype, length 26 mm. Que. Mancora 9.) -Acila piura;, n. sp. 2.2. eee = 35) Holotype, length 12 mm. i Pabo 10,° Acila-“piura, Mn. (Sp. a ee ee eee 35 Cotype, length 13.5 mm. Pabo nepal 4d. .Acila, paita;, in. isp.) 2 ee ee ee 34 Holotype, length 17 mm. Pabo 12°) Wedan(beda)mstewardi.) nens ps 36 Holotype, length 18 mm. Ancon Point, Ecuador 13. Acila opaita, on. sp.) ee ee 34 Cotype, length 17 mm. Pabo 74: “Acilapiura, jn. ysps 72 ee ee ee ee 35 Cotype, length 13 mm. Pabo 15. dieda ((Adrana). sp. ee Eee SS Length 28 mm. Canoas 16. ‘Leda <@Adrana) (sp) 2-22 ee ee eee <3 BRS Canoas Length 26 mm. 2 IN@©, 63. PIL 7 BULLE. AMER. PALEONT 14k WOE, PIL. 128 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3 (15) Figure ie Sanguinolaria tumbezana, n. sp. —----------_----_--.-_ Holotype, length 76mm. Cerro Verde Spondylus mimus, n. sp. = Holotype, height 52mm. Chira Myrtaea 2:cookein: isp). ee eee 224 sus ie eee ee OD see, Soe SO A 2 oA oS ENS 50 Holotype, length 87mm. Belen Sanguinolaria tumbezana, n. sp. —-—----..---—------_-. Cotype, length 60mm. Cerro Verde Solemya (Solemya) lomitensis, n. sp. —__ Holotype, length 60mm. Lomitos Venericardia (Venericardia) charanalensis, n. sp. Holotype, length 34mm. Que. Charanal Solemya (Acharax) belenensis, n. sp. Holotype, length 84mm. Belen (Lobos) AMER. PALEONT INI@s Gs Ike sg BULL. IS, WOW WW PAL, SS } 5 : | | i See 130 BULLETIN 63 226 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 (16) Figure Page 1. Pleurophopsis peruviana, n. sp. —.._. SOO PS ee ins a eae ae 43 Cotype, length 45mm. Lomitos 2. Pleurophopsis lithophagoides, n. sp. —-----—----—----—--_________ 44 Cotype, length 32.5mm. Lobos near Belen 3: Mesicomya ramondi, n.isp. "=e eee — ip) Holotype, length 44mm. Pabo 4, Pleurophopsis peruviana, n. sp. ~~ ————--—-____________ — 48 Holotype, length 45mm. Lobos near Belen 5. Pleurophopsis lithophagoides, n. sp. —-_-__-___-_____-___----- er Cotype, length 40mm. Lobos 6. Vesicomya tscudi, n. sp. —------- LN Se RSE lc el Sa 54 Holotype, length 48mm. Pabo 7. Pleurophopsis lithophagoides, n. sp. —----------------------—----—----— 44 . Holotype, length 37mm. Lobos 80 “Viesicomya tS CUdI. on) Sp _ BA Cotype, length 40mm. Pabo 9. Pleurophopsis lithophagoides, n. sp. ——-—.-.------_______-___---_----— 44 Cotype, length 36mm. Lobos PIL. Te, NAOIES Ey BULL. AMER. PALEONT IN@, Ws, JPLs 4 Prats 5 (17) 132 BULLETIN 63 228 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5 (17) Figure Page 1) ‘Lucina.-?) lomitensis (in: (spy 22 eee 48 Cotype, length 120mm. Lomitos 2. Phacoides (Lucinoma) zapotalensis, n. sp. —-—--—---- —-- -----—-- 49 Holotype, length 37.5mm. Mambri shales near Zapotal Ecuador 38. Codakia (Jagonia) peruviana, n. sp. —..----—------------ 51 Holotype, height 8mm. Que. Charanal AS ‘ucina, 2 lomitensis, nicsp; pe EEE AR Cotype, length 125mm. Lomitos 5. Phacoides (Lucinoma) zapotalensis, n. sp... 49 Cotype, length 47mm. internal mold. Near Zapotal. 6. Codakia (Jagonia) peruviana, n. sp. —_---.----------—-------. 51 Cotype, height 10mm. Que. Charanal q. Lucina, (iucina)) inca, ‘ny sp: 2° ee eee 47 Holotype, height 35mm. Chira shales near Casa Saman PIL. 17, WOIL, Cy BULL. AMER. PALEONT N@F G3. PL, 5 134 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6 (18) Figure 1. “Thyasira. staufti,en. Spes 22 ee ee eee Holotype, length 42mm. Lomitos 2”. “‘Thyasira, stauftiz nn. sp, 2 2 eee cies eens Cotype, length 33mm. Lomitos 3. ‘Thyasira peruviana, n. sp; 22 ee eee Cotype, height 22mm. Lomitos Au. BhyasirasstauLtic nes p: ees ee ee es ret Cotype, length 39mm. 5 “Rhyasira peruviana, n. Spe. 22) eee Cotype, height 22mm. 6." "Lhyasira montanita,onivsp. 5-9. ee eee ns Cotype, length 27mm. Punta Montanita, Ecuador xd YASUE Ap © EUV ANUS Ts 1s SiO es eee ine a ee Cotype, height 22mm. 8). Bhyasira’ peruviana, me ssp ye ce eee ee ys cea eeenee Cotype, height 36mm. 9°. TDhyasira. peruviana;on. Sp. 2.2002 Cotype, length 41mm. 10. Thyasira: itessaria, n. (sp. =) ee ee ee eee Cotype, height 36mm. Pabo 14) Rhyasinasmontanitas nse eee ee ee Holotype, length 28mm. Punta Montanita, Ecuador 12° Thy asiva. peruviana,ons Spies ee eee Holotype, height 25mm. Lomitos 133. “Thyasina; stauftit nia jsip is =o ee ee Cotype, length 28mm. Lomitos 14). Phy asinastess aria) mess py. "se ees Ga ao Holotype, length 31mm. Pabo 230 Page 51 51 52 51 52 54 52 52 52 53 54 52 PL. We, WOES: ly BULL. AMER. PALEONT. IN© Gs SiPEa6 Uae Ee 4 Ne 2 “ ed 136 BULLETIN 63 232 ExPLANATION OF PLATE 7 (19) Figure Page 1. Dosinia (Dosinidia) palmerae, n. sp. —-—--—---—--__--__---------—__----- Beales, GY) Holotype, height 33mm. Caleto Mero 2. Pitaria (Agriopoma) mancorensis, n. sp. --—----—----—--—----—--——--- — 56 Holotype, length 44.5mm. Mancora 3. Cyrena (Polymesoda) trigalensis, n. sp. ————--—----------—_---_---- — 46 Holotype, length 21mm. Trigal 4. Cyrena (Polymesoda) bravoensis, n. sp. ---—--------—----—----—---—----—-—— 45 Holotype, height 24.5mm. Punta Bravo 5. Pitaria (Agriopoma) mancorensis, n. sp. —_--—--——---__------____-_ . 56 Cotype, length 38mm. Mancora 6. Cyrena (Polymesoda) trigalensis, n. sp. --.-----__---______-_-______ 46 Cotype, height 17mm. Trigal 7. Pitaria (Pitarella) chiraensis, n. sp. —..--------_---_---_____ 56 Holotype, height 40mm. Chira 8. Crassatellites neorhynchus, n. sp. —___-__-__ 44 Cotype, height 36mm. Chira 9. Cyrena (Polymesoda) bravoensis, n. sp. ------_-___-_____-_-------— 45 Cotype, height 20mm. Punta Bravo 10. Crassatellites neorhynchus, n. sp. --—---—--—--—-.—----._-__- — 44 Holotype, height 36mm. Mancora 11. Cyrena (Polymesoda) trigalensis, n. sp. ——-_--_---_-_______-__._ 46 Cotype, height 18mm. Trigal Pi Os VOL IT BULL: AMER. PALEONT. NOs G8; Wile 7 138 BULLETIN 63 234 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8 (20) Figure Page 1. Callista (Costacallista) mancorensis, n. sp. ee 60 Holotype, length 43mm. Caleto Mero 2. Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) charanica, n. sp. Holotype, length 40mm. Que. Charanal 3. Callista (Costacallista) mancorensis, n. sp. 60 Cotype, length 30mm. Caleto Mero 4. Chione (Chione) posorjensis, n. sp. 62 Holotype, length 26mm. Posorja, Ecuador 5. Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) charanica, n. sp. Cotype, length 27mm. Que. Charanal Le ES ee Pee eae OS 6. Chione (Chione) posorjensis, n. sp. une Ne ee 62 Cotype, length 22mm. Caleto Mero 7. Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) wolfi, n. sp. 57 Holotype, height 22.5mm. Posorja 8. Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) wolfi, n. sp. eee C—~—=«~*SCS CT Cotype, length 28.5mm. 9. Pitaria (Lamelliconcha) wolfi, n. sp. — ~~ __- ities ere NUE AE Pee aiff Cotype, length 29mm. 10. Callista (Costacallista) canoasensis, n. sp. = té—‘“ié«~OS: Cotype, length 17mm. Que. Canoas 11. Callista (Costacellista) canoasensis, n. sp. eG 0) Cotype, length 14.5mm. 22) eitaniay(dcamelliconcha) wolfisenises py ee 57 Cotype, length 24.5mm. 13. Callista (Costacallista) canoasensis, n. sp. —..-—-—---___-___. — (if) Holotype, length 22mm. Que. Canoas Pik, 20, WO, U7 BULL. -AMER. PALEONT. INO, 8, Ibs “Ue PLATE 9 iy (21) 140 BULLETIN 63 236 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9 (21) Figure Page 1. Spisula (Oxyperas) steinmanni, n. sp. — 67 Holotype, length 45mm. Que. Charanal 2. '‘Macoma; WisSsonii; on. 3s ee 64 Cotype, length 21mm. Caleta Sal ; 3. Mactra (Mactrella) tumbezia, n. sp. Eh een eee _ 66 Cotype, length 38mm. Caleto Mero Ass MiaComias TVET OTIS US 5: 9105/5 P(e te eee Se SU 63 Holotype, length 47mm. Caleto Mero 5. Mactra (Mactrella) tumbezia, n. sp. 2-2 66 Holotype, height 31mm. Caleto Mero Ga Donaxa(Rarad onax:) spetersomnissnsss pee ee 66° Holotype, length 13.5mm. Canoas 7. Donax (Paradonax) petersoni, n. sp. 66 Cotype, length 12mm. Canoas “8. ‘MacomavMmeroensis ms jSpis 2 eae ee oS Cotype, length 40mm. Caleto Mero 9. Macoma lissoni, n. sp. —__-. Holotype, length DEravwn. = Caleto Sal See le Ss eee OE IN©. GB, IPL. 9 BULL. AMER. PALEONT. JAIL Bil, WO, 17) ets Rs RSE CAs BULLETIN 63 238 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10 (22) Figure Page it 10. Polinices (Neverita) subreclusiana, n. sp. Holotype, height 19mm. Chira Polinices;(lunatia) ychulucanayms ss 69 Holotype, height 20mm. Chira Folinices) (hunatia)) ‘chulucanay mn ispy) 69 Holotype, back view Polinices (Neverita) subreclusiana, n. sp. 68 Umbilical view of Holotype, greater diameter 21mm. Sinum multilineatum var. peruvianum, n. var. Cotype, height 17mm. Caleto Mero Sinum multilineatum var. peruvianum, n. var. 70 Holotype, greater diameter 17.5mm. Caleto Mero Antigona vArtena)=incGa;- ners pie eee eee a ee ne 61 Holotype, length 33mm. Chira Pitaria (Pitaria) ayabaca, n. sp. Cotype, length 31mm. Chira Pitaria (Lamellinconcha) ayabaca, n. sp. 58 Holotype, length 35mm. Chira Antigona (Artena) inca, n. sp. UE i le UE 61 Cotype, length 34mm. Chira PLS DP. NMOL 1a) BULLI AMER. -PALEON NO. 63, PL. 10 - Puate 11 (23) 144 BULLETIN 63 240 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11 (23) Figure Page 1. Strombus chiraensis, n. sp. a aE eR sesh eae AIRE 92 Holotype, height 56mm. Chira shales. 2. Ampullina (Ampullinopsis) spenceri Cooke 72 Height 34mm. Cerro Verde 3. Ampullina (Ampullina) bravoensis, n. sp. WW 71 Cotype, height 38mm. Punta Bravo : 4, Polinices (Neverita) quirosana Hodson _....W 69 Umbilical region, greater diameter 24mm. Punta Bravo 5. Polinices (Neverita) quirosana Hodson __ Suet e YD eee A) a 2 69 Dorsal view, greater diameter 30mm. Punta Bravo 6. Ampullina (Ampullinopsis) spenceri Cooke _. 72 A high-spired form, height 38mm. Cerro Verde 7. Ampullina (Ampullina) bravoensis, n. sp. 71 Holotype, height 58mm. Punta Bravo 8. Polinices (Neverita) quirosana Hodson __.... 69 Front view of same shell as figure 5. Height 20mm. PAU 72835) WAOMES 7) BULL. AMER. PALEONT INGL 8, IPL. Il Pare 12 (24) 146 BULLETIN 63 242 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 12 (24) Figure Page 1. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and Israelsky Length 34mm. Caleto Mero 2. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and Israelsky — 74 Length 31mm. Caleto Mero 3. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and Israelsky —__ pee eee 74 Length 23mm. Caleto Mero 40 Lurnitelian hubbandieetlo ds ones nen eens Ral ec ote de 1 7G Length 26mm. Caleto Mero 5. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and Israelsky Cue Reams Pees 74 Length 29mm. Caleto Mero ( Udo, Iiilojoerih I@clSOm 2 76 Length 32mm. Caleto Mero 7. Turritella conquistadorana Hanna and -Israelsky _ ._... ..———Ss—i‘«‘XA Length 23mm. Caleto Mero 3 Mirai, Inmlolomrach Ie@COm 2 76 Length 24.5mm. Caleto Mero 9) "Purritellas: Caleta’, om: 7 (spi ess ee ere ae ane 79 Holotype, length 23mm. Caleto Mero 10; Lurritella hubbardi Hodson) SS in Pete i ey 76 Length 22mm. Caleto Mero Hi) Lurritellascaletayn. sp. Ua lee erudite Beers ae 79 Length 24mm. Caleto Mero oe” STureiteltay cake tag srs (sips ss ee ye ee te gee a ST 719 Length 22mm. Caleto Mero 13. lurritellashubbardisHod's on. seen ene pata See fe Pel eG Length 23mm. Caleto Mero 14. Turritella hubbardi Hodson — SE Seay st I ee el HG Length 22.5mm. Caleto Mero HOS) Murritell lance et asirri se sp sys eee nee ET Seer ape 79 Length 16mm. Caleto Mero 12 OS, JPL NO. BULL. AMER. PALEONT 17 PAE AE AON: eeiteesas disease ea Ss sesso = eG J a is NS oD rv 2 a < 4 RE 148 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 13 (25) Figure 1. Turritella meroensis, TOURS YSN yeaah ener ea RMLs gp Se Hen she hI a Cotype, length 34mm. Caleto Mero 2.° Eurritella } mexroensyss ris 1S ph es Ne aires val eemme oe be Cotype, length 37mm. Caleto Mero 3.) Turritebla meroensis! mn. (spi ee eee eee Holotype, length 40mm. Caleto Mero 4. Turritella: meroensis;: ni: (sp. 225.2 eee Ee ee eA Cotype, length 30mm. Caleto Mero 5. Turritella gilbertharrisi Hodson — fo 11 oie nee nip Length 36mm. Sal Chica 6. Turritella gilbertharrisi Hodson ~~ een betel ia ea WRN a eo Length 29mm. Sal Chica 7, ‘inition, eillineel nein Teloclsom 2s Length 24mm. Sal Chica So Wurst, selene, ime So} BU -snuaes Ae as Cotype, length 20mm. Sal Chica 9... DBurritella ss all chicas: ris ssi oe aaa rey ea ens Cotype, length 17mm. Sal Chica 104);Lurritella.salchicas nS pice ees Se ee ee ee See Cotype, length 18mm. Sal Chica ols Ubbae trolley, calloyscd oma Ialoclyom oe Length 32mm. Sal Chica 12 Durritellay cilbertharrisi Eos orien teen renee eee ene Length 29mm. Sal Chica 13. "Burrite) la, is allie hice ris sop eee eae Holotype, length 24mm. Sal Chica 14. Durritellacisal eb cers: sieges psy eee ee ee Cotype, length 19mm. Sal Chica 244 ut 77 78 78 78 re 77 78 Bile 25, WOW 7 BULL. AMER. PALEONT IN), OB, AALS 12 Wa eye Rate oy Pete Ney ee ; oo ioe exe Seen pet asap teats ; Oe ah Bed | Prats 14 (26) 150 BULLETIN 63 [xPLANATION OF PLATE 14 (26) Figure iL, 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. “iniatolie parillyerctneracis] IlOCSOmM .. oe Length 42mm. Chira Turritella “ralviestayy 1s “spy a ee eer Holotype, length 35mm. Que. Charanal Turritella ‘gvalvesias n-(spy 3 ee ee eee Cotype, length 29mm. Turritellacgalvesiay sn. sp... 2232 ee ee ee Cotype, length 19.5mm. Turritella: calvesia. nn. spy ee Os A eee Cotype, length 17mm. Rurnitellasgalvesiaons) Spr sce ise eee NE eee Cotype, length 11mm. Turritella galvesia, n. sp. __ BE se eee ane ene a PoO Pe eet CRA ean Bebo Cotype, length 15.25mm. Early nepionic whorls showing sculpturing Peruchilussculberti,on.osp. == 2) ee ee Cotype, length 24mm. Mold with impression of the winged outer lip Bowl sandstones near Sullana Yasila chiraensis, n. sp. — s --- Ne ele tometer SGAE Sattows 2 Holotype, length 11mm. Chira Cyrtochetus ? chiraensis, n. sp. Gu Se ae ANCES Cotype, length 14mm. Chira Vasila (chiraensisyy 1s (Spi) cco ee ea Cotype, length 12mm. Chira Peruchilus: culberti; n.. sp. ee eee Holotype. length 28mm. Bowl Sandsiones near Sullana Peruchilus culberti, n. sp. —.. Bali A leet AIS Cae Cotype, length 22.5mm. Imperfect shell showing external sculpturing Chira Cyrtochetus ? chiraensis, n. sp. Holotype, length 19mm. Chira 246 Page 104 91 PIL. 26, WIL. 7 BULL. AMER. PALEONT NO. 63, PL. 14 152 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 15 (27) Figure Il, 10. iat, Hannatoma tumbezia, n. sp. Holotype, length 7imm. Punta Bravo Hannatoma :tumbezia, ni sp. 22.3220 ee eee ee Holotype, dorsal view Hannatoma emendorferi, n. sp. —-—---—----—--—----—---— Cotype, length 26.5mm. Chira valley Hemisinus terebriformis, n. sp. —___---_---—----_----_----—----—------- Holotype, length 19mm. Punta Bravo grits of Que. Canoas Pachychilus canoasensis, n. sp. 2 Holotype, length 17.5mm. Que. Canoas Potamides: hondensis;) in} (spej2 ee eee Cotype, length 49mm. Que. Honda. Potamides hondensis, n. sp. Holotype, length 42mm. Que. Honda. Hannatoma emendor%eri, n. sp. ___------------—----—---—_--—---- Holotype, length 37mm. Chira valley Faunus (Pseudofaunus) bravoensis, n. sp. —-—-------------------_-__-— Cotype, length 76mm. Punta Bravo Potamides’ chira;n. 8p. 22-092) ee eee ee eee Holotype, length 24.5mm. Chira Faunus (Pseudofaunus) bravoensis, n. sp. --—----------------- Holotype, length 72mm. Punta Bravo. 248 Page 82 “82 83 80 88 - 86 Pits Di, WOW, Az BULL. AMER. PALEONT INO, 8, 1b. iy 00 ie] a x) a 154 BULLETIN 63 250 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 16 (28) Figure Page 1. Anconia elenensis, n. sp. _ Holotype, length 119mm. Ancon Point, Ecuador. 2. Hannatoma gesteri Hanna and Israelsky —..--.-- —§ © 81 Length 43mm. Punta Bravo 38. Cerithium ? macarum, n. sp. Holotype, length 53mm. Mancora form. Chira valley Peer SSE ae Pre 87 4. Faunus (Pseudofaunus) chiraensis, n. sp. —---------— Sa eae HESS Holotype, height 41mm. Chira valley 5s) “Aneconia\ elenensis) n> spi): ee eee 84 Cotype, length 52mm. Ancon Point 6. Faunus (Pseudofaunus) chiraensis, n. sp. —...- . 8 Cotype, height 45mm. Chira 7. Hannatoma gesteri Hanna and Israelsky —.--.-...---______- 81 Cotype, length 47.5mm. Punta Bravo 8. ¢Aneonia: elenensis, no SD. 2 eee _ 84 Cotype, length 39mm. 9.) Anconia-elenensis, ne (Sp--. ———————————Eee 84 Holotype, length 119mm. 10) Anconia clenensis,n.sp:) = 2 ee eee 84 Cotype, length 42mm. Fragmentary specimen, showing the smooth spire whorls PIL, 23, WOIL, W7 BULL. AMER. PALEONT N@ 2 63he RES 1G epee PEE Sra baieiees ait i 156 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 17 (29) Figure 1. Morum (Herculea) charanalense, n. sp. phe 10. 11. 12. 13. Holotype, length 24mm. Que. Charanal Morum (Herculea) charanalense, n. sp. ee Cotype, length 19.5mm. Morum (Oniscidea) dolioides, n. sp. Holotype, length 47mm. Que. Charanal Morum=(Oniseidea) id olioidiess me spy jas enone Cotype, length 39mm. Que. Charanal Morum (Oniscidea) peruvianum, n. sp. — Cotype, length 25mm. Chira '‘Morum (Oniscidea chiraensis,n. sp. 5 SA RS SOT Cotype, length 19.5mm. Chira Morum (Oniscidea) peruvianum, n. sp. Holotype, length 27mm. Chira Morum (Oniscidea) chiraensis,n. sp. 2 | BR forte Ree: Holotype, length 23.5mm. Chira Cypraea (Cypraeida) Chiras cans US py ea EE Cotype, length 27mm. Chira Peruficus lagunitensis var. charanalensis, n. var. Cotype, length 21mm. Que. Charanal Peruficus lagunitensis var. charanalensis, n. var. ae Holotype, length 25mm. Que. Charanal. Cypraea (Cypraedia) chira, n. sp. Uh MA be eA Holotype, length 29.5mm. Chira Peruficus lagunitensis var. charanalensis, n. var. —..-___- Cotype, length 20mm. Que. Charanal ste 97 96 96 Joelle 95 sep acre 1001 al as 93 Beemer ital 17 IN@, Gs, IPL BULL. AMER. PALEONT 17 Plbx 29), WOE, i i : Co Eris ee LATE 18 (30) 158 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 18 (30) Figure it, 10. il, 12. 13. Acanthina (Chorus) sula, n. Holotype. length 44mm. Caleto Mero. Acanthina (Chorus) sula, n. Cotype. length 27mm. Caleto Mero Siphonalia ? tessaria, n. sp. Holotype, length 38mm. Pajarabobo Acanthinal (Chorus) smeroensiss: 1s py eee Cotype, length 20.5mm. Caleto Mero Acanthina (Chorus) meroensis, n. sp. —. Cotype, length 19mm. Caleto Mero Cymia berryi, n. sp. __ Fu ee Sei an The ee ee Sees Sine a Holotype, length 34mm. Punta Bravo Acanthina (Chorus) meroensis, n. sp. ‘ Holotype, length 26mm. Caleto Mero Ficus woodringi, n. sp. Holotype, length 31mm. Caleot Mero Tritenidea huitra. nip. 2s 2s ee ee Bee ee Holotype, length 22mm. Chira ics chiraensiss- ins (Sipe, Se casas ee ee ere ee Holotype, length 26mm. Chira Siphonalia ? belenensis, n. Holotype, length 36mm. Pajarabobo Ficus: ichiraensis;, 1: Spi). ee ee pone tna Cotype, length 22mm. Chira Metula peruviana:: 1s):Sp 5) cee Holotype, length 26mm. Chira 106 105 106 98 100 Oe - 102 104 IN@SiGsay Rises AMER. PALEONT BULL. 17 PL. BO; WOVE. xe ene : i Moe Sec PL i, ae 160 BULLETIN 63 256 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 19 (31) Figure Page 1° (Miancorus, (srabaui) n> (spa ee 109 Holotype, length 60mm. Chira DB, ibe POMUNM@ME, MW, SOs a) pe 5 a ee Se isla Holotype, length 31mm. Chira Sy TURP, FOGLE, ih, SYD ea nee ce 111 Cotype, length 26mm. Chira 4. Mancorus grabaui, n. sp. 2-222 Poi edie endian Ee Sa Ed 109 Same specimen as Fig. 1. 5. Mancorus burtii Hanna and Israelsky _—.—-— .-__--- ---. -----— 110 Topotype, length 59mm. Mancora 6. Melongena charanalensis, n. sp. ——.——---------------- 2 101 Holotype, length 62mm. Que. Charanal 7. Mancorus burtii Hanna and Israelsky yD WU cal ede a Been 110 Same specimen as Fig. 5. Mancora 19 63), BIE BULL. AMER. PALEONT NO. WO, WH ails Pik. PuaTE 20 (32) 162 BULLETIN 63 258 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 20 (32) Figure Page 1. ‘Chiralutacineas ns (so seo ae ee ee . dals} Cotype, height 30mm. Chira 2. Chiraluta inea, n. sp. Holotype, height 34mm. Chira 3. Olivancillaria (Olivancillaria) aequatorialis, n. sp, 116 Holotype, length 21mm. Posorja 4. Strigatella peruviana, n. sp. SS AL ee ee Ree ee 113 Cotype, length 20mm. ; Chira 5. Olivancillaria (Olivancillaria)- aequatorialis, n. sp. —........... 116 Cotype, length 22mm. Posorja 6. Strigatella peruviana, n. sp. _EUS STFA A Woy elie ea NOES 113 Holotype, length 21mm. Chira ike MH ar pas MAY TIAL As AMS CSI eae Seas ee ve ae 1 as ee 114 Holotype, height 31mm. Chira 8. Olivancillaria (Olivancillaria) aequatorialis, n. sp... .. _— a ibs Cotype, length 19mm. Posorjo Oka (Oliva) TONER, TM, SOS see ee TS Cotype, length 16.5mm. Posorja 10. “iChiraltita tina gees pie ese ee ee ee ee 113 Fragmentary specimen showing columellar plaits Length 26mm. 11. Olivancillaria (Olivancillaria) aequatorialis, n. sp. ~~~ 116 Cotype, length 19mm. Posorja 12. Olivella (Lamprodoma) illesca, n. sp. ——---. aseaneee Bers Ef Holotype, length 12mm. Que. Charanal 18. Olivancillaria (Agaronia) antisana, n. sp. ee Ss«d116 Holotype, length 22mm. Posorja 14. Olivancillaria (Agaronia) cotapaxi, n. sp. spe S tec ee ee LY Holotype, length 20mm. Posorja 15. Olivella (Lamprodoma) illesca, n. sp. —---—————— ——__________..._ UY Cotype, length 10.25mm. Que. Charanal 16: Olivella ((lamprodoma)illescajmnaisp. 2 117 Cotype, length 10mm. Que. Charanal 17. Oliva (Oliva) pichincha, n. sp... Beery See eae Beier eens ILI Holotype, length 22.5mm. Posorja INGOs G8, ILS BO) BULL. AMER. PALEONT U7 Pile G25 WOE PuaTE 21 (33) 164 BULLETIN 63 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 21 (33) Figure il OE itll 12. 13. 14. 15. Turricula (Surcula) sullana, n. sp. Holotype, length 22.5mm. Chira Taticus) quercotillaensisss sn) |S) Holotype, length 27mm. Quercotilla Latirus quercotillaensis, n. (sp. 2 Cotype, length 21mm. Quercotilla TRAIN, TOTAAL, My SYD eco Holotype, length 19mm. Chira Clathrodrillvasimirans see Holotype, length 16mm. Chira Conus chiraensis Olsson High-spired variety, length 28mm. Part 3, p. 39 Chira Conus chiraensis Olsson High-spired variety, length 89mm. Part 3, p. 39 Que. Charanal U Mer oer eres ae eH ey ac Hm 01 GH 0) eee nN ee ee Holotype, length 19.5mm. Chira Murricula (Surcula) pitas ney Sa) sore ee eee Cotype, length 22.5mm. Chira Borsonia peruviana, n. sp. Holotype, length 25mm. Chira Turricula (Knefastia) chira, n. sp. —-.----.-_---—-_-__---__---_--- Holotype, length 22mm. Chira Scobinella. melodia ne spe ee ee Holotype, length 21mm. Chira Turricula (Surcula) piura, n. sp. Holotype, length 25mm. Chira Borsonia peruviana, n. sp. Cotype, length 19mm. Chira Tritiaria: Ssullanay is Spe Sea ae ee Cotype, length 14mm. Chira Tritiaria: (Chinas cris (Spey ee aa RN re IU al Holotype, length 16mm. Chira 260 Page 119 107 118 119 120 IN(O} a5 TAL. Dy PALEONT BULL. AMER. RR Aya RRS 3 Index to Volume XVII Note:- Light fact figures refer to the volume paging and not to the paging of the separate bulletins. Heavy face figures refer to the valume plate numbers. A UNCC WNT PBS NCEE Ae Paes ts 202 Camilla . 3 183 TPNGTOXSTAGIS) ee 30 202 HIOEMCGNARNED oe eoaeecee 28 183 SAUTE gees ON 30 203 Chattian sete eae Se a na 123 Acharax Se ee a eee 127 Chione nS La == 158 OS Re Ie 130 ;pesorjensis (= 20 158 a ihasth eo) meee aed 14 130 Chira formation 102 DUA yea e au nan ee 14 131 _ 103, 120, 121 TN pte ee ee eae 29 Chinalithes gees = 50 DAycenSis ee 11 29 Chiraluta é aus ENTITY Ug sete eae y ake PU 134 nee) B20 205 IAG ar Onilas aah mL a ee 212 209 202 AGINO DOME) 152 Chorus — L (Ammphiperiss Ga sin ae 63 Clathrodrillia) 216 bullen-newtoni —. 5 668 LO pees 33 216 ANanrowmiliiingy 167 Clavilithes BD DEAVOCTISIS i ane 7403, IHL CY MOS TANS 9 59 STOGINGE TE Se 23 168 Oe Ampullinopsis _.. 168 IMERUNETIS aa |) BE IN Cillek Coal ee pines te Al yasilus wane nse senna 9 52 ORINEINe, 6 41 Codakia Hata as 147 Ancon Point stage 113 DN ee W714 STR DL eae oil 179 Cona Hill facies __. __. 115 Anconia elenensis —_ 28 19 Conus | eae Pa aE oe 39 180 chiraensis eee by 33) Anguilla formation —_ 124 iMeutNnenais ee A 126 Correlation of Peruvian ANTOENEROMG, ase 157 Upper Eocene : 18 De op tle aT ets 22 157 Correlation of Peruvian Antiquan formation ___ 122 Oligocene _______. 120 yee eae lar US rer) 134 Costacallista eer 156 WMECROOIRIS 14 134 Crassatellites, =e 140 puntabravoensis —_ 14 134 neorhynchus —-----. 19 140 ING oS ee 134 Grassi's pice 33 TENG TA EN ONE, ach me A ee ea 157 capella S2aio eae 4 34 TOO KOENIG 3 BO B Culebra formation 124 IBENRWOTOTA 5 18 125, 126 Bayovar formation —_____ 102 Gy milage eee ee cee ae eae Owes 201 Berry, E. W., on fruits berryi - _ 30 201 from Belen === ib Gy prac ages an moans ees 189 Bohio conglomerates __ 126 Chinay tne RS 29 189 IBOLSOnia som Aue ea Bes 217 Cyprrae diay nee 189 OSIRUATIEN AE, Lo 33° 217 Cy tena: t= ee eee 141 BS Sate satin cn eam en iter 62 bravoensis IQ) et China 5 ee ee 10 3=62 taipalenisiisys sa IQ) 41 chira var. yasila __ LOR aGS @yrtochet usin 199 Cc chindensiss= ee 26 199 Caimito formation —__ 124 D 126 Dental ana 71 Caleto Mero shales ___ 116 mancorense 174 fal Calls Gals een a eae 156 Wasuiaim 1% 183 canoasensis __-___. 20 156 Donaxp aos eee aes 162 mancorensis — 20 156 OOUSTSO MN — 21 162 Cardalitos shales 101 To Stnilais eet aoe ioe 155 115 elmer 19 155 (Gaymabitin: 2 25 IOS ACHES 5 ee 155 Ectinochilus gaudichaudi Ecuador 119 Emperador limestone 125, 126 Eopleurotoma paytensis wiedeyit: 222s S274 Eovasum douvalleia en 8 DOSING: JDO HOI paytense, aS 4 peruvianum __-..... 4 F Maunulsige se ee eee bravoensis —---- oN 182 chinravenssi 28 Ficus i ates Rei chinaensils 30 WoOOdTIN 30 Husitunriculas = yasilavese shone te 3 G Genotias = oe DEL Uva ae aL Glyeymeris) = peruvianus —... 1 Gisontiag sae ees thom'a's qe ee 8 H Hannatomayee ee emendorferi —-_------- 27 gestern se he ae 28 Gumlb.e7z1 ae nas 27 arpa) :0se ae FOOWAOOWE, 32 Heath formation —_____ 11'5,, 1:23 Hemipleurotoma -.---_ arenos] 3 Hiemisin see terebriformis —---- 27 Hercules, 3 Jaroniag par ee K Knetastla eee L Lagunitas shale _---.. Hamelliconchay Lamprodomay = Latins, oes quercotillaensis _-... 33 Wattor tian een Leda 262 132 JANG, 1 GnArAmOn 22 116} miradorana 13 SGC WAGs ae ae 14 Leda (Adrana) sp. __.... 14 Ledina Lomitos cherts inca ERI Rao et eT Tg lomitensis Lucinoma Ludian busera MacDonald, Canal Zone sections. = sens 125 meroensis Mactra tumbeziay——saee =21 Mactrella Mambri shales 123 Mancora formation ___- 122 Mancorus burtti grabaui 205 Melanatria ? gesteri 177 Melongena charanalensis Metula peruviana Mirador conglomerates Mitra yasila Mitratoma Moniliopsis : paytensis 2 3 peruviana Morum charanalensis chiraense dolioides peruvianum Murex scorpionius Mytilopsis trigalensis Mytilus canoasensis N IN apG1 Cay peti ee eee PEARSE) 5 INI@TEMEWNCR, INievierptar) = ess INTC UMalee ae ee ee 128 Gaile, 1 mancorensis) 2222 14 paboensiS == 14 O Oligocene of Peru —_—_ transgressions —__~ 121 Olliivial face So SE a 211 AYU Sit Tap ge ee ee Sa 6 TONG MGV NE, 32 Olivamnenlleinng | 212 aequatorialis ________ 32 cotapaxi = 32 ete ESA Fost ee ee 32 ee a a ete Eee |) Olsson, a A., on Eocene Mollusca Bos We endet Olsson, A. A., on Peru- vian Oligocene __ Gmrise@endee, Olsitre'a: seca et ee miradorensis —_-_ 13 Oxyperas|22 2202 Sos 6 P Rach chilis —aaenees canoasensis 27 Parad ona xa Reruchils eee lagunitensis _____ 12 lagunitensis var. charanalensis _— 29 Ren ulbith c sya eee Bhacoides aa 145 anderson ee 2 nonurensig —______. 2 Wi0.0 Gilt es ear 2 zapotalensis —_---_ mara Uf (Pseudomiltha) sp. 1 Pitaria 152 ARVN OCR) 22 ppobayy 2 Charanica aa 20 Chimaensi1Sip as 19 mancorensis 19 VEU SU eat ele ee ee 2 Bitarellliay ee soe eee Rleionae === ee Sal apeerere ot sete 11 Plesiotritonees ane paytensis = 10 Pleurophopsis lithopwagosades ___ 16 FOGG, Le 16 JEWS, eee ee Glnwlincamg, 2 22 QulnoSantaga eee 23 subreclusiana _.. 22 dEYONU Liege ey Re peue eee CI nual ee ee ee 30 purpuroides, == === 11 sillapaytensis 11 Rolymesoday sees Rocaniid ese Col niga efs Ve nae ere a 27 IN@INGKETNSNS 27 Posorja Ecuador eee PSeudohaunu sme Bseud olivia == =a GOMOMANPNE, a 6 Punta Bravo grits _.__- 107 R IR itrr1@ 1 Tees eee ee ee De gUival ahr 36 Ss Sexc@aillley es Se é, Sale @hicatacles sss Saman formation Serasoiin@llarenia, se GumMibe 7a nana: 15 Gp olaeeCe, Lo Scobinella 216 OBIS NL 4 melo davies Se 33 Seca shale stage _.______ SUIT en ne ee multilineatum var. peruvianum ______ 22 Siygla@meybig 198 belenensis 30 TOOL pe 10 tessania: 3 Se 30 Socorro shale stage __ Solemyae, Uae belenensigs 15 TomuaGen'siis tse ncaa 15 Spiswlay (eee coe eee Sipriavong ay 21 Shoomeohyhwg 2 TYDITTUS eon eee 15 Syerenepenaey yey TOSMEUNA A 32 SreeOwalowmg OamreACaAGny 23 Sar culpa ee ait T Talara formation __..._ Tere bias; se ee Ne SELES See ae 5 Mere ih SUS aes VOU Si eee 11 TOU ACTS): eee oe ee Thyasira WOOMMAIMIMNEA, peruviana staufti tessaria UA paral Tornatellaea ? sp. ait A Rese ras Seles Wome eee eee eee Chiat eee sorte ea ae sullana seuene WPrECOINNBUON So see see ee Tuba peruviana soit hy Solin Tumbez formation 115 Ty er(C Ulla eee 214 chira eolavinia Aaeeritelliliat smraton meron tiem 170 Caleb ane: ska er otal chira Bae rene Noe conquistadorana —_ galvesia gilbertharrisi hubbardi meroensis __ salchica Typhis 264 Vaughan, on fossil corals of Antigua on correlation Venericardia 143 charanalensis planicosta var. samanensis 1 Sirmione, 2 WeSle@OmNVA TeAMO@ MEW 16 ES CMC 16 Wat@l oman ya Wioltita: movies eee ee oe Dedyatiaratl (Cc) 6 ».¢ INCA CUS Ree clea ORAM a Galarenisiisi ae u Y Was ila a ee 200 GIMIPACMENS 26 DANARCINSIS 11 60 Z Zapotal sandstones __ Zorritos formation _.... 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