skeet ise dees Si settont Beaters , ni tga flee steety mt, Rts Sie \> (le HARVARD UNIVERSITY e Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Gilbert Dennison Harris (1864 - 1952) Founder of the Bulletins of American Paleontology (1895) ISBN 0-87710-43 @ Amen Begun in 1895 ulletins of OLUME 107, NUMBER 346 JUNE 15, 1994 Brachiopods of the Onondaga Formation, Moorehouse Member (Devonian, Eifelian), in the Genesee Valley, Western New York by Howard R. Feldman Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, New York, 14850 U.S.A. PALEONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTION Officers PARESTDDENGE A Gees aces Rater etree one oc ee J. THOMAS DuTRO, JR. MIGEZPRESIDENT si: Aas eet arena Baek one eae are JOHN C. STEINMETZ SEGREMAR Yi 01 Amie oy sitiatevers nee 4 packer acts ronctic Nevck ate Sel ete ax heme eee Ta HENRY W. THEISEN SREASURER 6258 cls) oh tok ty ate ae Pe iis en rere oe Pee ANNIKA FARRELL DIRECTORS pas Scie eee aaa ree oe DEA Rs be ATR WARREN D. ALLMON Trustees R. TUCKER ABBOTT (to 6/30/96) SAMUEL T. PEES (to 6/30/95) BRUCE M. BELL (to 6/30/96) RICHARD E. PETIT (to 6/30/96) CARLTON E. BRETT (to 6/30/95) GARY ROSENBERG (to 6/30/96) ANN F. Bubb (to 6/30/94) JAMES E. SORAUF (to 6/30/94) WILLIAM L. CREPET (to 6/30/94) JOHN STEINMETZ (to 6/30/94) J. THOMAS DuTRO, Jr. (to 6/30/96) SUSAN B. STEPHENS (to 6/30/96) ANNIKA FARRELL (to 6/30/95) HENRY W. THEISEN (to 6/30/95) RoBERT M. LINSLEY (to 6/30/95) RAYMOND VAN HOurtTTE (to 6/30/94) PETER MCLAUGHLIN (to 6/30/95) BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY and PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA WARREN) DS: ALEMON? «2:20 desc 55 2s a Soe oot Meese ATR eT eg Reno EDITOR Reviewers for this issue ARTHUR J. BOUCOT J. THOMAS DuTRO, JR. A list of titles in both series, and available numbers and volumes may be had on request. Volumes 1-23 of Bulletins of American Paleontology have been reprinted by Kraus Reprint Corporation, Route 100, Millwood, New York 10546 USA. Volume | of Palaeontographica Americana has been reprinted by Johnson Reprint Corporation, 111 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003 USA. Subscriptions to Bulletins of American Paleontology may be started at any time, by volume or year. Current price is US $50.00 per volume. Numbers of Palaeontographica Americana are priced individually, and are invoiced separately on request. for additional information, write or call: Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, NY 14850 USA (607) 273-6623 FAX (607) 273-6620 © This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). df ATX Y B15 1995 ulletins erica Begun in 1895 Fology yOLUME 107, NUMBER 346 JUNE 15, 1994 Brachiopods of the Onondaga Formation Moorehouse Member (Devonian, Eifelian), in the Genesee Valley, Western New York by Howard R. Feldman Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, New York, 14850 U.S.A. ea ee eee ISSN 0007-5779 ISBN 0-87710-432-8 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-65488 Printed in the United States of America Allen Press, Inc. Lawrence, KS 66044 U.S.A. CONTENTS Page PSDOSTLAC temic n seats eacitegcep setae cor ces tye eva rene fosisvens Ric de Tale! wie ds Sok. Suara Pee here race Sime Biche CYS eG Au ieim i GROWS Sys Eas vetted i ue ue soeusehe army lodeue neues Fiduis Sieiaws GrereneT eve 5 IIrataReyalivere acl oo oie S aaron Os A ORecnn en ord DCE LAG COME aed ORO ORr ait A rea SOM eta ns qoOtIO Tera Oa. en Det AEA ae Bente ooIe canaroe 5 FNCKTOW]EGLEIIENTSP See stclsce St casters baeutle: ves las cs Foxe vos cal Sus eyclte abet du SeenauP obo eos EUS ANG eo RNST SecI SUBS Te SCE STE TCT SUE Se eT eT Hise SIS POEs SETS I EE Oat 5 Stra tipraphiciSettin pian pre ec fretey ey: ANS aye Sess close ost cute Pave She fo Ve so veY SV SVSE WATE) CHG ORSA Suc anVaG TOR TEES BaP HEY Gc CNT ETSI Hoe vor Pee Eee ate 6 Systematic paleontology Introduction Philosophicaliconsiderations:, fvzeagie-snyitentescgess aed cie asaleouetncd heats, shea tieZesenata Ue ofa tet ole lose este teuat aus buco lepahe Wales Iau Sale eye csus dota alee at one aN rel oleae 7 AyNotevonitheuse ofopeninomenclatune® srr, sis Gia cies a wot 5 sare eve Sia ecsis eres cece NU odo eo Moro IS ote avov ole Te eo Mat oe evan atte ee Kee 8 PL OTIMIN OOS Yeas seerstai eeralelc Paqae's are tel chiags la Riya atecs2ht eves ce Sve ot svete ane Sera abel ei-cuena ate tecahe Para a ay she ro Bevenet oe suse esos Lelayoy ova avategege nen casters pie oxy a Past toes 8 Abbreviationsiofrepository institutions:and localities, - oo sc-cm sc aoc omit calcio een crise cine alesse einen eniseie eee 8 Measurementiabbreviations and’subscriptss) cise -iiisrccses ie eeeetate reise re eee tte Ie rca een acne ae eee a eee ee 9 IS VSTSMM ALCS eee wists evarec cate cos eho my nate er Stal ee eu Or Iete er eeas AVOIaE OTD TO) STE: REGRETS eee ote ie See Re ioe mer 9 AMpendix:Meocalities cited tM thiS: MEPOMt: eis jevccc sears cx ainy ect cyetece mh tere cea eked wom UME rage NSNn tte dee eked one reNa re os VARS ue ee aE Repack PAS cre 36 RREFETETIGES CLL: =< fej fo a, eetoys be nak stele ou ta de erahe ns es ase covegcin insu ns SCR one sed ae Loe Taha TS Nene AS Suet ARS RST TOHC ne ok ese 36 LEGS Se eas OEE a eee ere ne eee eek ae ar a eer nnarac. haMst andy Hen Soe aon Gucono aCe he aomb oes BuO dde 42 | NaV6 TES sehen ea ee rd ie a ener oe Abeta Sr nes eee OMe meta remit ho cite Tiitio to core 50 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Text-figure le Index'map of collecting localities inithe Onondaga Ieimestone’ ... 2.42.22. 4224200405426 94.5-.- 20s LIST OF TABLES Table . Measurements of Dalejina cf. alsa (Hall, 1863) - Measurements of Schizophoria cf. multistriata Hall (1859-1861) ........2-:0+.0seeeeeee cece te oeeeeedeeetee cesses . Measurements of Pentamerella arata (Conrad, 1841) . Measurements of Longispina mucronata (Hall, 1843) . Measurements of “*Eodevonaria” cf. hemispherica (Hall, 1857) . Measurements of Cupularostrum? sp. . Measurements of Atrypa “reticularis” (Linnaeus, 1767) . Measurements of Coelospira camilla Hall 1867 . Measurements of Athyris boucoti, n. sp. . Measurements of Athyris leoni, n. sp. ..... . Measurements of Meristina cf. nasuta (Conrad, 1842) ............. - Measurements of Pentagonia unisulcata (Conrad, 1841) 0.00... 00. c cece cece eee e eee ceecere cece eeeb bebe b bebe ecebececccsee, . Measurements of Nucleospira ventricosa (Hall, 1857) - Measurements of Trematospira gibbosa Hall, 1859 and T. camura (Hall, 1850) acs sincawewaes,stroserseenld daa se Teen ae . Measurements of Alatiformia? sp. ................... . Measurements of Megakozlowskiella raricosta (Conrad, 1842) . Measurements of E/ytha fimbriata (Conrad, 1842) . Measurements of Cyrtina hamiltonensis (Hall, 1857) . Measurements of Cryptonella? sp. Measurements of Eeptaenassp. oie sictats eter sicievs ei 87s 2/-ts1 30/0 ese eis ers elem clots Soo FS Re Measurements of “Brachyprion” cf. mirabilis (Johnson, 1970) Measurementsiof, Brachyprion?isps scene scene see eee eons ete e ee ete een nese ue soe en eee ee Measurements of Strophodonta demissa (Conrad, 1842). 00.0.0. ccc ccc cece eee cece cbc ee eee bebe eee bce c cee cce ee. Measurements of Costistrophonella punctulifera (Conrad, 1838) .... 2.0... cece cee cceecccecceucccuucceuccteceeeccceccssecs. Page BRACHIOPODS OF THE ONONDAGA FORMATION, MOOREHOUSE MEMBER (DEVONIAN, EIFELIAN), IN THE GENESEE VALLEY, WESTERN NEW YORK HOWARD R. FELDMAN* Biology Department Touro College New York, New York 10010 ABSTRACT In the Genesee Valley of western New York, the Moorehouse Member of the Onondaga Limestone contains 46 species of brachiopods, described herein. Of the 26 species of brachiopods in the underlying Bois Blanc Formation in western New York, 11 also occur in the Onondaga and show no evolutionary change between it and the Onondaga Formation; that is, taxa found in the Bois Blanc-Onondaga interval indicate a high degree of stasis. During Onondaga time there was a progressive increase in relative water depth throughout the basin as indicated by a gradual northward shift of the carbonate facies as well as a northward migration of the overlying Hamilton Group. The Nedrow Member represents a minor transgressive cycle due to an influx of mud from the east, and the Moorehouse Member to Seneca Member interval represents a major transgression. Brachiopods in the Moorehouse Member include Charionoides and Pentagonia, genera endemic to the Appohimchi Subprovince. Atribonium halli and Discomyorthis? sp. are the only species herein not previously reported from Onondaga strata in western New York. Two new species are erected, Athyris boucoti and A. leoni. The most significant change in brachiopod faunas across the state during Moorehouse time is the increasing abundance of stropheodontids towards the west. INTRODUCTION As a continuation of my previous studies of On- ondaga brachiopod taxonomy and paleoecology (Feld- man, 1980, 1985; Feldman and Lindemann, 1986; Lindemann and Feldman, 1981, 1987; Racheboeuf and Feldman, 1990) I have sampled and described the bra- chiopod fauna in the Genesee Valley of western New York (Text-figure 1). The outcrop belt of the Onondaga Limestone in New York extends from Port Jervis (Tris- tate area) in the southeastern part of the state, north- eastward to Kingston and the Helderbergs, and then westward towards Syracuse, Rochester and Buffalo. All of the brachiopods studied were recovered from the Moorehouse Member (see section on stratigraphic set- ting), a hard, dense limestone with little shale. Two methods of collecting were employed: Firstly, weathered fossils were collected from extensive, but rather rare, bedding surfaces in abandoned quarries and, secondly, blocks of limestone with silicified spec- imens were recovered, processed, and etched in an acid bath. Approximately 180 kg of limestone yielded 190 silicified shells. The brachiopod fauna of the Onondaga Limestone is particularly challenging to study because collecting is almost impossible unless bedding planes are accessible. Vertical roadcut faces are often not use- ful as faunal identification is difficult, and outcrops with well-silicified shells are not always exposed. As * Also, Department of Invertebrates, The American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street at Central Park West, New York, N.Y. 10024 (correspondence to this address). in the mid-Hudson Valley, silicification 1s sporadic and the degree of silicification ranges from poor to very good. This study improves our understanding of brachio- pod abundance and evolution in the Lower Middle Devonian, provides data for ecological and biogeo- graphical studies, and improves correlations with more westerly limestone suites such as the Detroit River Group (Anderdon Limestone, Lucas Dolomite, Am- herstburg Dolomite, Sylvania Sandstone) of the Mich- igan Basin, southwestern Ontario and north-central Ohio. Previous paleocommunity and _ stratigraphic studies of the non-reefal aspects of the Onondaga Limestone (Oliver, 1954, 1956) have resulted in a fair- ly good understanding of the formation in southeastern New York (except for the area between Ellenville and Port Jervis where outcrops and complete sections are sparse) and central New York (Syracuse). The area around Rochester (i.e. Genesee Valley), however, has not been studied in detail until now. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank Arthur J. Boucot (Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon) for his continued assistance, en- couragement, and support over the past decade, as my studies of the Onondaga Limestone have progressed from the mid-Hudson Valley, westward across New York State. He reviewed the manuscript and made numerous valuable suggestions for improvement. Tou- ro College contributed $500.00 toward publication of this paper. 6 BULLETIN 346 ROCHESTER Text-figure 1.— Index map of collecting localities in the Onondaga Limestone [Moorehouse Member] Genesee Valley, western New York. A, AMNH Loc. 3152; A large exposure on the floor of eastern part of an abandoned quarry, Lower Moorehouse Member; B, AMNH Loc. 3154; Numerous exposures at the southwest corner of an active quarry operated by the Penfield Dolomite Company, Lower Moore- house Member; C, AMNH Loc. 3153; Small exposures along the southeast part of an active quarry operated by the General Crushed Stone Company; Upper Moorehouse Member (for exact locations see Appendix). Carlton E. Brett, The University of Rochester (Roch- ester, New York), Gordon C. Baird, State University College at Fredonia (New York) and George C. Mc- Intosh, Rochester Museum and Science Center (Roch- ester, New York) spent valuable time with me in the field, and helped immensely in interpreting Onondaga stratigraphy in western New York State. Paul Copper, Laurentian University and J. Thomas Dutro, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey (Washington, D.C.), deserve thanks for critical comments on the manu- script. Ed Landing, New York State Museum and Sci- ence Service (Albany, New York), made the brachio- pod collections in Albany available for study; I thank him for his hospitality. Fred Collier, (U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C.) en- abled me to examine the collections under his care and kindly loaned me specimens from the National collec- tion in Washington. Andrew Modell and Susan Klofak (both of the American Museum of Natural History, New York), deserve thanks for photographic work and specimen preparation, respectively. Laura Lynne Gallo, Sarah Lawrence College (Bronxville, New York) graciously assisted me in the field and during my examination of the collection in Albany, New York. STRATIGRAPHIC SETTING Five members of the Onondaga Limestone occur in the study area (Text-figure 2), the Edgecliff, Clarence, Nedrow, Moorehouse and Seneca. A brief description of the lithologies of these members is provided here, but detailed stratigraphic descriptions may be found in Oliver (1954). Edgecliff Member. —In western New York the Edge- cliff is a massive, light-gray, coarse, crystalline lime- stone about 5 m thick, packed with solitary rugose and tabulate corals which form biostromes in many places. Typical of the Edgecliff are large crinoid columnals and stems up to about 2.5 cm in diameter. Near Buffalo the Edgecliff undergoes a facies change with at least one large, lens-shaped, biohermal (‘reef’) structure, which contains extremely irregular bedding (Oliver, 1954, p. 635). Oliver (1954, p. 636) also reports the occurrence of small “‘micro-reefs”’ exposed in the bio- strome at Clarence, 20 km east of Williamsville. In both western and eastern New York, bioherms occur in the Onondaga, representing favorable conditions for the growth of corals and crinoids. The Edgecliff is thought to be a moderately high energy, shallow-water, shelf carbonate which, in the western part of the state, becomes a crinoidal grainstone (Woodrow et al., 1989). Clarence Member. —The Clarence, 11.5 m thick, in- terfingers with the Edgecliff in places and essentially underlies the Nedrow Member in western New York. Some workers believe that the Clarence replaces the Nedrow in the western part of the state (Ozol, 1963). The extremely cherty Clarence (up to 75% by volume; April et al., 1984) consists of both vertically and hor- izontally coalescing chert nodules enclosing fine-grained lime mudstones (Selleck, 1985) and is easily recognized in outcrop. The rate of clastic deposition in the Clar- ence exceeded that of the Edgecliff, as indicated by the greater volume of clays. The Clarence Member rep- resents slightly deeper water deposition than the Edge- cliff; most of the silica was derived biogenically from dissolution and reprecipitation of sponge spicules and, possibly radiolaria (Selleck, 1985). Accoring to Wood- row et al. (1989) the Clarence may represent a facies belt enriched in siliceous organisms. Nedrow Member.—The Nedrow, 13 m thick, is a light- to dark-gray highly argillaceous limestone which forms recessed ledges when extensively weathered. Fresh cuts, as at Jamesville, New York (AMNH Loc. 3128) do not have the typical appearance of the Ned- row. In eastern New York, the Nedrow becomes less argillaceous and is more difficult to recognize in out- crop, even when extensively weathered. The Nedrow is thought to represent deeper and muddier water de- position than the rest of the lower part of the formation and probably represents a minor transgressive cycle associated with an influx of clastics from the east (Woodrow et al., 1989). Moorehouse Member.—Typically uniformly bed- NEw YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 7 ded, the Moorehouse, 11 m thick, is a medium-gray, fine-grained micritic limestone with abundant dark- weathering chert. During Moorehouse time, there ap- parently were shallowing conditions similar to those that prevailed during Edgecliff—Clarence time (Kissling and Moshier, 1981). The top of the Moorehouse is marked by the occurrence of the Onondaga Indian Na- tion metabentonite (= Tioga B metabentonite) which is not always present in the various quarries visited. Most of the brachiopods studied in the Onondaga in the last decade were recovered from the Moorehouse Member due, in part, to accessibility of the fossils. Seneca Member.—The base of the Seneca Member (4 m thick in western New York) is marked by the “Tioga B” ash layer (about 15 cm thick). The Seneca is a medium- to dark-gray, light-weathering wacke- stone, sparsely fossiliferous, with occasional chert nod- ules throughout. The “Pink Hallinetes Zone” (= Zone J of Oliver, 1954), 3 m above the ash layer and 1.8 m thick, is a thinly bedded limestone packed with cho- netid brachiopods many of which are stained pink. At most localities in western New York, a bed of chert can be found about 15 cm below the top of Zone J. The upper part of the Seneca is more argillaceous and distinctly darker in appearance and is capped by a bone bed making the contact with the overlying basal Ham- ilton Group (Oatka Creek Shale) sharply defined in most places. During Onondaga time there was a general increase in water depth throughout the basin as indicated by a gradual northward shift of all carbonate facies com- prising the successive members and by northward mi- gration with time of the Marcellus Shale (Kissling and Moshier, 1981). According to Woodrow et al. (1989), the Moorehouse-to-Seneca stratigraphic succession represents a major transgression, with the upper Moorehouse and lowermost Seneca aerobic facies passing upwards into a dysaerobic, deeper water upper Seneca facies which is finally succeeded by the mini- mally dysaerobic to anaerobic Union Springs environ- ment. SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY INTRODUCTION Philosophical Considerations One of the goals of this project is to help refine our understanding of the “invasion” of European taxa into eastern North America by providing data for a bio- geographic study of the Early Middle Devonian faunas in New York. Species recognition is an integral part of this work. A biological definition of a species is: a group of populations which replace each other geographically or ecologically and of which the neighboring ones in- <= TIOGA BENTONITE ao f a £ = | -: Sg UNIFORMLY BEDDED WITH 2 ; CHERT THROUGHOUT re eo) e) = | LU TL, O Ke NY < = fe Gaara — SHALE THROUGHOUT, PARTICULARLY NOTICEABLE WHEN WEATHERED NEDROW MBR. ~< SHARP BREAK ONONDAGA VERY HACKLY, WHITISH CHERT APPEARS ALMOST BRECCIATED CLARENCE MBR. MICRITIC, BUFF COLORED LIMESTONE WITH SCATTERED CORALS; NON-CHERTY Edgecliff KEY SCALE es DARK CHERT 10 LIGHT CHERT at a rad IO) Ww Fo LIMESTONE s = oer . Text-figure 2.—Generalized stratigraphic column for the Onon- daga Limestone in the Genesee Valley. 8 BULLETIN 346 tergrade or hybridize wherever they are in contact or which are potentially capable of doing so (with one or more of the populations) in those cases where contact is prevented by geographical or ecological barriers (Mayr, 1976). In other words, the modern biological concept of a species is based on an organism’s having the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring in natural conditions (Guensburg, 1984). The biolog- ical definition is untestable using fossils and, species have therefore been reported in this study based on morphology (i.e. morphospecies) in the sense of Hoo- ver (1981). Although the concept of a species may and sometimes does differ among paleontologists depend- ing on the group studied and the preservation of the particular collections on hand (Sohn, 1983), I consider, as do Cooper and Dutro (1982), species names merely conveniences for discussing clusters of morphologic variability within what are, for the most part, well- established generic concepts. Taxonomic names are, as Hoover (1981) has noted, “handles” for discussion of a definite group of specimens, and their correspon- dence to genetic groups becomes increasingly vague as the temporal distance from the Recent increases. I con- sider myself neither a “‘lumper” nor a “‘splitter.”” Of the two new species erected herein, one is based on 45 specimens while the other is based on four specimens. As Raup and Stanley (1978) have so aptly stated, the fact that species discrimination depends largely on the experience of the person making the discrimination has led to an informal definition of the species that is invoked with surprising frequency: “A species is a spe- cies if a competent specialist says it is.” After studying the morphology of the new taxa I have decided that they do indeed represent new forms and do not belong to any previously named species. A Note on the Use of Open Nomenclature The intent of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Stoll et a/., 1961) is to promote stability and universality in the scientific names of animals, and to insure that each name is unique and distinct. Ac- cording to the Code, all its provisions are subservient to these ends, and none restricts the freedom of tax- onomic thought or action. Matthews (1973) noted that although the Code sets a limit on its provisions, it does not in any way intend to impinge on the individual taxonomist’s exercise of his or her judgement. Since the Code provides no explicit guidelines for the use of “open nomenclature,” I make the following brief com- ments regarding my use of it in this monograph. Ad- ditional insight into the question of open nomenclature may be found in Bengston (1988), Kornicker (1979), Matthews (1973), and Richter (1943, 1948). Open nomenclature is a device whereby an author expresses his or her judgement of his or her own ma- terial (Matthews, 1973). It is the procedure by which a taxonomist comments upon the identity of a speci- men that cannot be readily or securely determined (Bengston, 1988). The use of ‘‘cf.”” before a species- group name indicates a provisional determination for the species. Here, “cf.” stands for confer, not confor- mis, and means “‘compare to”’ and not “compare with” (sensu Bengston, 1988). I follow Bengston’s (1988) con- cept that the wording “‘compare to”’ expresses a pos- sible identity, which is what most taxonomists have in mind when they use “‘cf.”’, whereas ““compare with” rather implies a distinction. Further, ‘‘cf.”’ is inserted between the genus and species name as in Levenea cf. subcarinata, and not Levenea cf. L. subcarinata as ad- vocated by Lucas (1986). As noted by Bengston (1988), the former expression conveys in an unambiguous way the message that the author considers the specimen in question to be “probably or possibly the species sub- carinata, although there is not enough material to be sure, but if it is swbcarinata it should be referred to the genus Levenea.” The use of “‘aff.”” indicates a new, undescribed taxon and relates it toa named taxon (sensu Bengston, 1988). The use of ‘*? sp.”’ indicates an uncertain identification and, that specific identification is not possible with the specimens at hand because of poorly preserved present or original material. Terminology The morphologic terms used herein follow the glos- sary in the brachiopod volume of the Treatise on In- vertebrate Paleontology (Williams et al., 1965, pp. H139-H155). Abbreviations of Repository Institutions and Localities Repository of all [unnumbered] specimens unless otherwise indicated: AMNH: American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York. AMNH Loc.: American Museum of Natural History locality number. MCZ: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge Massachusetts. NYSM: New York State Museum and Science Service, Albany, New York. UMMP: University of Michigan Museum of Paleon- tology, Ann Arbor, Michigan. USNM: United States National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. New YorK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 9 Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts In the tables of measurements: a.v. = articulated valves; p.v. = pedicle valve; b.v. = brachial valve; m = meters; cm = centimeters; mm = millimeters; kg = kilograms; L = maximum length; W = maximum width; T = maximum thickness. Several subscripts are used to qualify measurements. The subscript d indicates damage in that orientation and that the measurement was estimated to the nearest tenth of a millimeter. The subscript c indicates compression of the shell due to compaction, and the subscript e indicates exfoliation of the shell exterior. Measurement across a structure with bilateral symmetry, such as the hinge width, may be estimated, in cases of incompleteness, by doubling the half-measure [distance from symmetry plane to distal extremity]. The subscript h indicates use of this procedure. The subscript t indicates that the measure- ment was estimated [e.g. number of plications on a flank]. SYSTEMATICS Phylum BRACHIOPODA Duméril, 1806 Order ORTHIDA Schuchert and Cooper, 1932 Suborder DALMANELLOIDEA Moore, 1952 Superfamily DALMANELLACEA Schuchert, 1913 Family DALMANELLIDAE Schuchert, 1913 Subfamily ISORTHINAE Schuchert and Cooper, 1931 Genus LEVENEA Schuchert and Cooper, 1931 Type species. — Orthis subcarinata Hall, 1857, p. 43. Levenea cf. subcarinata (Hall, 1857) Plate 1, figures 1-4 Orthis subcarinata Hall, 1857, p. 43; 1859, p. 169, pl. 12, figs. 7— mile Levenea subcarinata Schuchert and Cooper, 1932, p. 123, pl. 18, figs. 19-23, 25-32; Cooper, 1944, p. 353, pl. 138, figs. 21-23. Levenea aff. subcarinata Feldman, 1985, p. 304, fig. 3. Description. Exterior. —Shell medium-sized (L = 17.0 mm, est.; W = 17.7 mm, est.), transversely suboval in outline, subcarinate; ventral interarea short, incurved and ap- sacline with triangular delthyrium which encloses angle of 60 degrees; rounded, radial costellae which increase anteriorly by bifurcation; 25 costellae per 5 mm at midlength. Pedicle valve interior.—Hinge teeth strong, short, triangular in horizontal section, supported by very short dental lamellae; muscle field subpentagonal, about 25 percent of valve length; diductor tracks impressed lon- gitudinally on valve floor. Discussion. — Levenea cf. subcarinata is identical to L. aff. subcarinata from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feld- man, 1985, p. 304, fig. 3D). Apparently the species becomes rare toward the western part of the state; only one specimen was recovered in the Genesee Valley. The general outline of the ventral muscle field of Levenea cf. subcarinata (Boucot et al., 1970, p. 8, pl. 2, figs. 3-5) is similar to the Genesee Valley shell. The pedicle valves in Johnson’s Levenea fagerholmi (1970, p. 77, pl. 2, figs. 8-18) are flatter and larger than in the Onondaga shell, while his L. navicula (p. 75, pl. 2, figs. 19-22; pl. 3, figs. 1-19) shows greater bicon- vexity. Johnson’s (1970, p. 74, pl. 2, figs. 1-7) Levenea sp. A may be differentiated from L. cf. subcarinata by its more prominent strong, rounded radial costellae. Material. —One pedicle valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Family RHIPIDOMELLIDAE Schuchert, 1913 Subfamily RHIPIDOMELLINAE Schuchert, 1913 Genus DALEJINA Havlicek, 1953 Type species. — Dalejina hanusi Havlicek, 1953, p. 5. Dalejina cf. alsa (Hall, 1863) Plate 1, figures S—12 Orthis alsus Hall, 1863, p. 33. Rhipidomella alsa Hall, 1867, p. 36, pl. 4, figs. 2-7; Grabau, 1906, p. 181, fig. 95. Dalejina aff. alsa Feldman, 1985, p. 307, figs. 5, 6, 7, 8A-D. Dalejina alsa Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B7, p. 1, figs. 11-27; Fagerstrom, 1971, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2. Description. Exterior.—Shells range in size from small to medi- um-sized (Table 1), are dorsibiconvex with pedicle valve more arched posteriorly, and transversely sub- oval in outline; hingeline short and straight in apical area but becomes rounded as lateral margins ap- proached; maximum width attained at or just anterior to midlength; in some adult shells pedicle valve bears slight median depression while brachial valve bears corresponding ridge (these features too indistinct to be called sulcus and fold); anterior commissure rectimar- ginate to very slightly sulcate; ventral interarea apsac- line, narrow, short; dorsal interarea anacline; radial costellae increase by both intercalation and bifurca- tion; 12 to 15 costellae per 5 mm; costellae crossed by concentric growth lines near anterior margins. Pedicle valve interior.— Pointed hinge teeth expand anteriorly, widely divergent and supported by short dental lamellae; shallow crural fossettes present; um- bonal cavity shallow, poorly defined, bounded laterally by dental lamellae; muscle scars not clearly impressed; 10 BULLETIN 346 Table 1.—Measurements (in mm) of Dalejina cf. alsa (Hall, 1863). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbrevi- ations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 5.9 6.7 Del a.v. 3152 10.7 12.9 2.9 a.v. 3152 19.1 Pet 4.4 a.v. 3152 17 14.2 2.9 a.v. 3152 4.2 17.9 553) av. 3152 16.6 20.0 6 a.v. 3152 6.7 8.8 Del a.v. 3152 9.1 16.4 BrD, a.v. 3152 16.9 20.3 4.2 a.v. 3152 522 5.9 2.0 a.v. 3152 16.1 20.0 3.4 a.v. 3152 15.7 20.9 522. a.v. 3152 3.8 16.4 4.8 a.v. 3152 17.0 DES 4.6 a.v. 3152 13.1 16.3 4.0 a.v. 3152 16.1 19.1 4.0 a.v. 3152 14.0 18.2 _ a.v. 3152 10.8 12.8 2a a.v. 3152 4.0 4.6 1.0 a.v. 3152 5.9 ol 2.0 a.v. 3152 Tal 8.9 2.7 a.v. 3152 6.7 7.2 D5 a.v. 3152 9.8 6.5 1.8 a.v. 3152 6.8 7.8 1.8 a.v. S152 5.0 5.9 1.4 a.v. 3152 3.6 4.2 1.1 a.v. 3152 5.0 5.9 2.0 a.v. small, low myophragm visible on silicified specimen; valve floor crenulated at periphery by impress of cos- tellae. Brachial valve interior.— Sockets deep, broaden an- teriorly; brachiophores worn and diverge at angle of ninety degrees; cardinal process single lobe resting on deposit of secondary shell material in notothyrial cav- ity; neither myophragm nor muscle impressions pre- served; internal periphery crenulated by impress of costellae. Discussion. — Dalejina is distinguished from Rhipi- domella by the medially grooved, flat crenulations found on the lateral and anterior margins of the shell. As most of the specimens in the collection are artic- ulated it is difficult to distinguish these shells from Rhipidomella. They are, however, assigned to Dalejina for two reasons: [1] there are vague indications of flat, medially grooved internal crenulations on several shells that were ground and polished at the anterior com- missures and, [2] the Genesee Valley shells are iden- tical to Dalejina from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feld- man, 1985, p. 306, figs. 5-8A-D); no specimens of Rhipidomella were found there. Based largely on external morphology Dalejina cf. alsa from the Genesee Valley is identical to the mid- Hudson Valley shells as noted above. Dalejina alsa from the underlying Bois Blanc Formation (Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B7, pl. 1, figs. 11-27) differs in that the brachiophores are more widely divergent in Boucot and Johnson (see pl. 1, fig. 23). Both, however, have similar cardinal processes extending from secondary shell material in the notothyrial cavity. Externally they are also very similar, although the Genesee Valley shells are more commonly transversely suboval rather than transversely subcircular in outline. Material. —95 articulated, six pedicle, three brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loe. 3152. Genus DISCOMYORTHIS Johnson, 1970 Type species. —Orthis musculosa Hall, 1857, p. 46. Discomyorthis? sp. Plate 1, figures 13-15 Discussion.—These two shells are assigned to the genus Discomyorthis based on their larger size and large, flabellate (?) muscle field in one exfoliated shell. Dis- comyorthis from the Great Basin (Johnson, 1970, p. 84) is differentiated from Dalejina by its nearly planar pedicle valve and its unusually large ventral diductor scars. The only distinction between Discomyorthis and Dalejina is that the former is simply a large example of the latter. According to A.J. Boucot (oral commun., 1991) Discomyorthis is a large Eastern Americas Realm Dalejina, as contrasted with the much smaller Dalejina known from coeval beds elsewhere. Although the ped- icle valves in the Genesee Valley shells are not planar they are provisionally assigned to Discomyorthis. Material. —Two articulated valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Superfamily ENTELETACEA Waagen, 1884 Family SCHIZOPHORITDAE Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 Subfamily SCHIZOPHORIINAE Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 Genus SCHIZOPHORIA King, 1850 Type species. —Conchyolithus anomites resupinatus Martin, 1809, pl. 49, figs. 13, 14. Schizophoria cf. multistriata Hall (1859-1861) Plate 1, figures 16-25 Conchyolithus anomites resupinatus Martin, 1809, pl. 49, figs. 13, 14. Schizophoria multistriata Grabau, 1906, p. 156, fig. 69; Goldring, New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 11 1935, p. 119, figs. 41J, K; 1943, p. 183, figs. 33n, 0; Cooper, 1944, p. 357, pl. 140, figs. 10, 11. Schizophoria cf. multistriata Feldman, 1985, p. 309, figs. 9, 10. Description. Exterior.—Shells range from small to medium (Ta- ble 2), more subquadrate than suboval in outline and unequally biconvex; in most shells brachial valve deep- er and more uniformly convex; broad, shallow sulcus developed on pedicle valve in ephebic specimens, al- though occasionally present on neanic shells; not all shells have developed sulcus; slight fold may or may not oppose sulcus; hingeline short, varies from straight to slightly rounded; maximum width attained just past midlength; ventral interarea apsacline, triangular while dorsal interarea narrower and may be apsacline or or- thocline; rounded, radial costellae with interspaces that range from broad and flat to rounded and narrow; costellae inrease anteriorly by intercalation; about 17— 19 costellae in a 5 mm space; older specimens have about 10 costellae in same interval. Pedicle valve interior.—Hinge teeth poorly pre- served in most specimens and variable in shape; in neanic forms they tend to be subpyriform in cross sec- tion while in ephebic shells they are more ovate; teeth supported by thin, anterolaterally diverging dental lemallae which join valve floor at about one-fifth length; diductor scars bisected by median, raised adductor platform which gives muscle field bilobed appearance; in one nonsilicified shell this platform carries five striae for its entire length; striae not preserved in silicified specimens; lateral margins of diductor field either sub- parallel to adductor platform or diverge laterally; in either case muscle field has distinct bilobed appear- ance; delthyrial angle ranges from 40-50 degrees and delthyrium opens into small foramen apically; costel- lae not impressed on internal periphery due to poor preservation. Brachial valve interior.—Neanic shell has small, knoblike cardinal process deep in notothyrial cavity; sockets deep, curved, bounded anterolaterally by poor- ly preserved fulcral plates; concave brachiophore bas- es, attached to posterior ends of fulcral plates, directed ventrally end in concave apophyses; muscle field some- what ovate and easily distinguished from pedicle valve muscle field; low myophragm divides adductor scars in ephebic shell but absent in neanic specimen; in larger shell anterior rim of muscle field raised above valve floor but, in smaller shell muscle field merges with valve floor anteriorly and no rim present; anterior in- ternal periphery crenulated due to impress of costellae, but not well preserved due to etching. Discussion.—The Genesee Valley shells differ from Schizophoria cf. multistriata collected in southeastern Table 2.— Measurements (in mm) of Schizophoria cf. multistriata Hall (1859-1861). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Mea- surement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 MES 16.3 7.9 a.v. 3152 14.0 20.3 9.6 a.v. 3152 6.5 9.3 3.9 a.v. 3152 18.3 21.9 We? a.v. 3152 20.4 24.4 13:2 a.v. 3152 19.9 - 13.8 a.v. 3152 15.0 16.4 13 a.v. 3152 4.9 5.6 2.4 a.v. 3152 7.0 8.7 3e2 a.v. S152 10.2 — Sel a.v. 3152 12.3 14.0 5.4 a.v. 3152 = 20.3 7.6 a.v. 3152 16.4 19.7 7.9 a.v. 3152 8.0 19.0 9.4 a.v. 3152 23.6 29.1 9.6 a.v. 3152 25.6 dh 32.4 14.7 a.v. 3152 19.8 24.4 11.8 a.v. 3152 16.1 23.0 1252 a.v. 3152 18.4 23.4 9.4 a.v. 3152 16.2 19.0 7.0 a.v. 3153 15.8 _ 10.7 a.v. 3153 16.9 - 8.0 a.v. 3153 17.6 om 9.6 a.v. 3153 21.6 = 11.4 a.v. 3153 19.7 8.1 a.v. New York (Feldman, 1985, p. 309, figs. 9, 10) in that some specimens are quite globose, are more subquad- rate in outline and have more numerous costellae. As will be seen from the discussion below, variability in the ventral muscle field is such that this character can- not be used to define species. Schizophoria parafragilis (Johnson, 1970, p. 91, pl. 8, figs. 1-12) from the McMonnigal Limestone of the Great Basin differs from the Onondaga forms in that its ventral muscle field is more elongate and more evenly bilobate. The same kind of elongate muscle field is found in Schizophoria? from the Coeymans Lime- stone, Green Pond Outlier, New York (Boucot ef al., 1970, p. 91, pl. 2, figs. 2a, b). Lenz (1977, p. 62, pl. 4, figs. 11, 12, 15-37, 40, 42- 44) described Schizophoria cf. paraprima and Schi- zophoria sp. from Lower Lochkovian and Pragian stra- ta of Royal Creek, Yukon, which are more ovate in outline than the Genesee Valley shells. The ventral muscle fields of both species from the Yukon are quite variable (note figs. 11, 21, 38 for elongate scars and figs. 20, 24, 26, and 43 for more diverging, almost pyriform scars) as are the Onondaga specimens. Sim- ilar variability is noted in Johnson’s S. nevadaensis 12 BULLETIN 346 Table 3.—Measurements (in mm) of Pentameralla arata (Conrad, 1841). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Ab- breviations and Subscripts for explanations. Specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 15.0 16.2 9.2 a.v. 3152 Se 15.8 9.9 a.v. S152 _— 14.9 8.3 a.v. 3152 12.2 = 8.8 a.v. 3152 11.3 15.0 _ p.v. 3152 115)55) 17.6 — p.v. 3152 19.4 20.1 _— p.v. 3152 23.7 24.9 — p.v. 3152 18.2 17.7 _ p.v. 3152 12.9 14.8 = p.v. S52 18.3 23.5 - p.v. 3152 ZZ 19.1 - p.v. 3153 19.6 25.0 p.v. S153 13.6 13.3 dh _ p.v. (1970, pl. 9, fig. 12) which also has a pyriform muscle field. Schizophoria traversensis from the Genshaw For- mation, Traverse Group, Michigan (Imbrie, 1959, p. 364, pl. 48, figs. 8-14) has a similar ventral muscle field to those forms described above from Nevada and the Yukon in that it is also pyriform. It is also similar in its ornamentation, with 20 costellae per 5 mm at a distance of 15 mm from the pedicle beak. It differs, however, in its subelliptical outline. S. ferronensis from the Ferron Point Formation, Michigan (Imbrie, 1959, p. 364, pl. 48, figs. 1-7) is smaller and has a shorter and more lobate ventral muscle field than does S. cf. multistriata. Material. —5O articulated shells, 38 pedicle valves, four brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153. Order PENTAMERIDA Schuchert and Cooper, 1931 Suborder PENTAMEROIDEA Schuchert and Cooper, 1931 Superfamily PENTAMERACEA M’Coy, 1844 Family GYPIDULIDAE Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 Subfamily GYPIDULINAE Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 Genus PENTAMERELLA Hall, 1867 Type species.—Atrypa arata Conrad, 1841, p. 55. Pentamerella arata (Conrad, 1841) Plate 1, figures 26-29; Plate 2, figures 1-3 Atrypa arata Conrad, 1841, p. 55. Pentamerella arata Hall, 1867, p. 375, pl. 58, figs. 1-12; Kindle, 1901, pl. 615; Grabau, 1906, p. 184, fig. 100; Amsden, 1964, p. 233, pl. 40, figs. 9-14, text-fig. 5; Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B8, pl. 1, figs. 28-36; Feldman, 1985, p. 312, figs. 11A, B, D, 12A-D, 13. Description. Exterior.—Shells small to medium-sized (Table 3), subglobose, pyriform in outline and ventribiconvex: pedicle valve bears shallow, but distinct sulcus while brachial valve bears corresponding fold; anterior com- missure crenulate and sulcate; hingeline short, curved with narrow pedicle interarea which decreases in height laterally; no interarea on brachial valve; small del- thyrium present which encloses angle of 40 degrees; in young shells delthyrium open, however probably no pedicle present since opening leads directly to spon- dylium which held diductor muscles (there would have been no room for pedicle); maximum width attained just past midlength; pedicle beak short, slightly in- curved; brachial beak smaller, erect; rounded plica- tions increase anteriorly by bifurcation; interspaces U-shaped and about same width as plications: four plications found in sulcus and five on fold: concentric growth lines, more numerous anteriorly. Pedicle valve interior.— Hinge teeth small, triangu- lar; short, deeply excavated spondylium supported by thin, bladelike median septum which is confined to posterior portion of valve; valve floor crenulated an- teriorly due to impress of the plications. Brachial valve interior.—Sockets shallow, well worn, poorly preserved; large, V-shaped (in cross section), deeply excavated, elongate cruralium extends anteri- orly and unites with valve floor dorsally; adductor muscles attach directly to cruralium; notothyrial cavity small, shallow; valve floor crenulated due to impress of plications. Discussion. —Boucot and Johnson (1968, p. B8, pl. 1, figs. 28-36) describe three pedicle valves of Pentam- erella cf. arata from the Bois Blanc Formation in west- ern New York that are identical to the specimens re- covered from the overlying Onondaga Limestone in the Genesee Valley. The latter specimens represent a larger sample and consequently display greater varia- tion. For example, the Onondaga shells are not all rectimarginate, as are the Bois Blanc specimens and, when well preserved, they have a distinct pedicle in- terarea. Hall (1867, p. 375, pl. 58, figs. 1-21) illustrated Pen- tamerella arata from the Schoharie Grit and lime- stones of the Upper Helderberg Group in Albany and Schoharie counties. The Genesee Valley shells very closely resemble Hall’s specimen illustrated in his fig- ures 5-8, which differs only in that the lateral com- missure of Hall’s shell is ventrally arched. Internally, Hall’s brachial valve interior (fig. 17) is identical and his pedicle valve interior (fig. 18) differs in the greater length of the spondylium, a very variable character in New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 13 Pentamerella (some of the Onondaga shells have an incomplete spondylium which suggests a greater length). Imbrie (1959, p. 370) described several new species of Pentamerella from the Traverse Group of Michigan but did not illustrate any interiors. All show affinities to P. arata from the Genesee Valley but some differ- ences are noted: P. pericosta is more pyriform in out- line, P. lingua is more coarsely costate, P. afionensis has a more inflated pedicle valve while P. tumida is significantly larger. Material. —Seven articulated shells, 57 pedicle valves, four brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3154. Order STROPHOMENIDA Opik, 1934 Suborder STROPHOMENOIDEA Opik, 1934 Superfamily STROPHOMENACEA King, 1846 Family STROPHOMENIDAE King, 1846 Subfamily LEPTAENINAE Dalman, 1828 Genus LEPTAENA Dalman, 1828 Type species.—Leptaena rugosa Dalman, 1828, pl. ties Ie Leptaena sp. Plate 2, figures 4-7 Leptaena rugosa Dalman, 1828, p. 93. Laptaena aff. “‘rhomboidalis” Boucot, 1973, p. 20, pl. 6, figs. 12- 16; Feldman, 1985, p. 315, figs. 14-16. Description. Exterior.—Shells typically thick (Table 4), trans- versely subrectangular to shield-shaped in outline, me- dium to large; maximum width in some shells at straight hingeline but in others almost at anterior commissure; ears short, pointed; shells concavoconvex with pedicle valve strongly geniculate at anterior and lateral com- missure; brachial valve correspondingly geniculate; trail very variable in length, ranging from just under one- half length in one specimen to more commonly one- fourth to one-third length of shell; pedicle interarea linear, flat, apsacline; delthyrium wide, 90 degrees, par- tially preserved in only two shells; no pseudodeltidium evident; brachial interarea flat, anacline, narrower than pedicle interarea; notothyrium and chilidium not pre- served; 12 to 15 radial costellae in a distance of 5 mm, posterior to point of geniculation, and extending onto trail; six to 10 low, rounded rugae cover disc but absent on trail. Pedicle valve interior.—Delthyrial cavity broadly triangular, floored by lamellose layers of shell material near apex; one short, stubby, anterolaterally directed hinge tooth rests on low dental lamella fused to ridges bounding muscle field; muscle field circular and Table 4.— Measurements (in mm) of Leptaena sp. See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Sub- scripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 16.3 17.6 3.3 a.v. 3152 17.6 19.5 dh 2.9 a.v. 3152 2357 = 3.9 a.v. 3152 24.0 = 6.6 a.v. 3152 22.4 32 — b.v. 3152 20.2 26.6 _ b.v. 3152 25.8 26.1 - p.v. 3152 25.0 35.4 = p.v. 3152 23.4 33.3 = p.v. 3152 26.2 26.9 - p.v. bounded by low, continuous ridge; suggestion of low myophragm at anterior one-half of muscle field; ad- ductor and diductor differentiation not possible here, but it is likely that addcutors bisected by myophragm and diductors positioned lateral to them; pustules pres- ent on valve floor. Brachial valve interior.—Shallow sockets, bounded by small socket plates, diverge anterolaterally; large, rounded, bifid cardinal process covered at base by very fine radiating striae; coarsely pustulose disc bounded by apophragm which reaches maximum height ante- riorly; apophragm separates disc from geniculate trail, which is also strongly pustulose; deeply impressed muscle field raised on platform above the valve floor; width one-third that of disc and slightly more than one-half its length; low myophragm bisects both pos- terior and anterior adductor scars; posterior scars sub- circular while anterior scars uniform, narrow depres- sions anteriorly directed; anterior scars have no boundary ridges sensu stricto, rather are sunk into mus- cle platform; posterior scars, however, have strong boundary ridges, especially laterally and anterolater- ally. Discussion.—Assignment to Leptaena “rhomboi- dalis” cannot be made for the following reasons: [1] the species “rhomboidalis” as restricted by Kelly (1967, p. 591) is a Silurian species from northwestern Europe, i.e., Gotland and the United Kingdom (see also Bassett, 1974, p. 115-116) the youngest forms of which range up into the Leintwardinian, and [2] the morphology differs from L. rhomboidalis specifically, in the brachial muscle field and more transverse outline of the Got- land shells. Leptaena depressa (Bassett, 1974, p. 111, pl. 29, figs. 1-9; pl. 30, figs. 1-8) has weaker and lower rugae and a weaker brachial muscle platform. L. depressa also has a more quadrate or rhomboid shape (Kelly, 1967, pl. 98, figs. 4-9). Bowen’s (1967, p. 32, pl. 4, figs. 3- 5) Leptaena sp. cf. L. “rhomboidalis” from the Keyser 14 BULLETIN 346 Limestone of Pennsylvania and Maryland shows affin- ities to the Genesee Valley shells but differs in its bra- chial muscle field. Boucot and Johnson’s (1968, p. B8, pl. 2, figs. 1-6) Leptaena sp. from the Bois Blanc Formation in western New York has a similar pedicle muscle field. Additional collecting should shed light on the relationship of the two forms. Material. — Five articulated valves, six pedicle valves, four brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Family SCHUCHERTELLIDAE Williams, 1953 Genus SCHUCHERTELLA Girty, 1904 Type species. — Streptorhynchus lens White, 1862, p. 28. “Schuchertella” sp. Plate 2, figure 8 Description. Exterior. —Shells transversely subelliptical in outline with straight hinge line; pedicle valve planar with max- imum width attained just past midlength; pedicle in- terarea flat, broadly triangular, apsacline, crossed by fine growth lines; delthyrium covered by convex pseu- dodeltidium; ornamentation consists of radial costel- lae with eight in a space of 5 mm measured along anterior commissure at midline; occasional weak, con- centric growth lamellae cross costellae, which increase in number anteriorly by intercalation. Pedicle valve interior.— Hinge teeth short, low, tri- angular in cross section, not supported by dental la- mellae; low myophragm separates bilobed, faintly im- pressed muscle field; costellae impressed along entire internal periphery of shell. Discussion. —““Schuchertella” sp. from the mid- Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, p. 316, fig. 17) 1s sim- ilar to the Genesee Valley shells, differing somewhat in musculature of the pedicle interior. This is most likely due to variation or poor preservation. In any case, more material is needed for further meaningful comparisons. *Schuchertella”’ sp. A of Boucot and Johnson (1968, p. BY, pl. 2, figs. 17-30) from the Bois Blanc Formation of western New York closely resembles the Genesee Valley specimens, again differing significantly only in the pedicle valve muscle field. Their “Schuchertella”’ sp. B (pl. 2, figs. 31-36) is more coarsely costate. Bowen’s (1967, p. 28, pl. 3, figs. 1-7) Schuchertella prolifica from the Keyser Limestone differs from the Onondaga shells in its more semielliptical outline and weakly costate internal surface. Johnson (1970, pp. 106-110, pls. 18, 19) illustrated four species of ““Schuchertella” from the Great Basin of Nevada of which only “S.” sp. B (pl. 18, figs. 15- 20) resembles **S.”’ sp. from the Onondaga Limestone of western New York. Boucot et al., (1970, p. 23, pl. 8, figs. Sa—c, 6-8) described Schuchertella? sp. A and sp. B from the Green Pond Outlier in southeastern New York. “S.” sp. B (USNM Loc. 11245) resembles the Genesee Valley shells in that it has similar, although smaller, hinge teeth and a relatively broad interarea. ““S.” sp. A (USNM Loc. 11259) is more coarsely costate, having angular costae. Boucot (1973, p. 24, pl. 9, figs. 1-11) illustrated “SS.” becraftensis from the Moose River Synclinorium which resembles “Schuchertella” sp. from the Genesee Valley in its (narrower) bilobed pedicle muscle field. Material. —One articulated shell, one pedicle valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Suborder STROPHOMENIDINA Opik, 1934 Superfamily STROPHEODONTACEA Caster, 1939 Family LEPTOSTROPHIIDAE Caster, 1939 Subfamily LEPTOSTROPHIINAE Caster, 1939 Genus PROTOLEPTOSTROPIA Caster, 1939 Type species. —Strophomena blainvillei Billings, 1874, pp. 28-29, figs. 1, la—lb; pl. 3, fig. 1. Protoleptostrophia? sp. Plate 2, figures 9-11 Description. —Maximum width probably at straight hingeline but due to missing posterolateral margin this is not certain; shell wider than long (maximum width = 21.3 mm; maximum length = 18.4 mm), very gently convex and transversely subquadrate in outline; nu- merous costellae between which are interspaces of about same width; costellae increase anteriorly by interca- lation and crossed by concentric rugae-like growth lines. Discussion. —Differentiation between the genera Protoleptostrophia and Leptostrophia cannot be made on the basis of pedicle valve morphology alone because there are no reliable criteria known for discriminating between pedicle valves of the two genera (Boucot, 1973). In order to distinguish the two genera one must ex- amine the brachial valve interior; Protoleptostrophia lacks socket plates and has a prominent chilidium. True Leptostrophia is unknown anywhere in beds of Schoharie and Onondaga age (Boucot, oral commun., 1991). The shells are similar to those described by Boucot et al. (1970, p. 21, pl. 7, figs. 9-12) from the Green Pond Outlier in southeastern New York but adequate material from the Onondaga must be obtained. Material. —Four pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 15 Table 5.— Measurements (in mm) of “Brachyprion” cf. mirabilis (Johnson, 1970). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Mea- surement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. Table 6.—Measurements (in mm) of Brachyprion? sp. See Sys- tematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) type 3152 37.6 47.6 dh p.v. 3152 33.0 48.0 dh p.v. 3152 = 46.8 dh p.v. Family STROPHEODONTIDAE Caster, 1939 [nom. transl. Sokolskaya, 1960 (ex Tribe Stropheodontini Caster, 1939, p. 30)] Subfamily BRACHYPRIONINAE Harper and Boucot, 1978 Genus BRACHYPRION Shaler, 1865 Type species. —Strophomena leda Billings, 1860, p. Dds figs. 2, 3. “Brachyprion” cf. mirabilis (Johnson, 1970) Plate 2, figures 12-13 Description. —Shells available for study range in size from small to large (Table 5) and are moderately con- cavoconvex in lateral profile. Hingeline straight, long, denticulate; maximum width at hingeline; pedicle in- terarea narrow, concave outwards, orthocline; no bra- chial interareas nor pedicle interiors preserved; orna- mentation unequally parvicostellate; fine costellae develop anterior to umbo in some specimens while in others entire shell surface parvicostellate; costellae su- perimpose upon and interrupt concentric rugae; on one shell (AMNH 44173) rugae tend to be somewhat zig- zag in umbonal region. Discussion. — Harper and Boucot (1978, p. 127) not- ed that cymostrophid ornamentation 1s developed else- where in the Stropheodontids and, by itself, is not an indication of affinity. Because no muscle scars are pre- served and no brachial valves are in the collection, it is difficult to identify these shells to the species or genus level; they are tentatively assigned to “B.”’ mirabilis. Cymostrophia differs in its transverse outline and strongly concavoconvex geniculate profile with the trail longer than the central disk. Shaleriella is commonly smaller and has better developed zig zag rugae inter- rupted by primary costellae. The Onondaga shells show the closest affinity to “B.” mirabilis (Johnson, 1970, p. 115, pl. 22, figs. 1-12) in that both have parvicostel- late ornamentation superimposed upon a concentric development of interrupted rugae. As noted by John- son (1970, p. 115), “B.” mirabilis from Nevada needs anew generic name but the material available for study specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) type 3152 Dies 29.0 p.v. 3152 28.0 38.5 p.v. 3152 337) 44.0d p.v. 3152 26.5 37.6 d p.v. 3152 25.5 d 33.4 p.v. 3152 26.8 40.0 dh p.v. 3152 19.9 34.0 p.v. 3152 19.6 38.8 d p-v. 3152 14.0 22.0 dh p.v. 3152 19.2 — p.v. 3152 22.8 — p.v. 3152 21.8 33.4 dh p.v. 3152 238i, _— p.v. is insufficient to establish a new genus. The same holds true for the Onondaga shells. Material. —Five pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Brachyprion? sp. Plate 2, figures 14-17 Description. —Shells medium-sized to large (Table 6), moderately to strongly concavoconvex, apsacline to anacline, often wider than long, somewhat alate, generally poorly preserved except for some details of ornament on pedicle valve exterior; hingeline dentic- ulate; number and quality of denticles varies greatly (maximum of 25); sometimes vaguely preserved, in others hingeline incomplete; ornamentation unequally parvicostellate with three to eight costellae between widely spaced costae. Discussion. —These shells are provisionally assigned to Brachyprion (Protomegastrophia) because of their size and ornamentation. Brachyprion (Brachyprion) is usually smaller in size (less than 2 cm). Brachyprion (Eomegastrophia) is very similar in morphology but differs in that it can have uniformly costate ornamen- tation (Sheehan, 1971, p. 240) and is restricted to the late Llandoverian through early Wenlockian (Harper and Boucot, 1978, p. 15) whereas Brachyprion (Pro- tomegastrophia) ranges into the Gedinnian (Harper and Boucot, 1978, p. 18). The shells are not assigned to Strophonella nor Costistrophonella because of their parvicostellate ornamentation. Costistrophonella also lacks widely spaced costae. As the internal morphology (particularly the muscle field and cardinal process) is unknown, positive generic and specific assignments cannot be made. Material.—17 pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. 16 BULLETIN 346 Genus MEGASTROPHIA Caster, 1939 Type species.—Strophomena (Strophodonta) con- cava Hall, 1857, p. 140. Megastrophia? sp. Plate 2, figure 18 Description. —Transversely oval muscle field with radial grooves. Diductor scars narrow, elongate lon- gitudinally, subelliptical in outline and separated by very low myophragm; adductors larger, surround di- ductors anterolaterally, are transversely oval in outline and radially grooved; myophragm separating diductors extends through adductor field and becomes somewhat higher; shell almost identical to another from the On- ondaga of the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, p. 318, fig. 21); muscle field very similar to Harper and Boucot’s (1978, pl. 40, figs. 9a, b) Megastrophia (Mega- strophiella) but has a more transverse outline: both have a low myophragm separating diductor and ad- ductor muscles. Material. —One pedicle valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Genus PLICOSTROPHEODONTA Sokolskaya, 1960 Type species. —Orthis murchisoni D’ Archiac and de Verneuil, 1842, p. 371, pl. 36, fig. 2. Plicostropheodonta? sp. Plate 2, figure 19 Description. —Shell moderately convex, wider than long with interarea flat to very slightly concave out- wards, and orthocline to somewhat anacline; hinge denticulate for at least one-half the length but, due to poor preservation, lateral extremities of hinge show no evidence of denticles; delthyrium poorly preserved but open and umbo projects posteriorly past hingeline; coarse, rounded costae separated by interspaces of commonly the same width, but occasionally two times as wide, superimposed on fine, uniform costellae: cos- tae originate at beak and increase anteriorly by bifur- cation and intercalation. Discussion.—Harper and Boucot (1978, p. 21, pl. 44, figs. 1-9; pl. 45, figs. 1a, b) described Plicostropheo- donta murchisoni which is larger and more coarsely plicate, from the Seifener Series, higher middle Sie- genian, Germany. The Onondaga specimen is tenta- tively assigned to Plicostropheodonta because of its rel- atively coarse costae superimposed on fine uniform costellae. This morphological feature, however, is like- ly due to evolutionary convergence. Material. —One pedicle valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Subfamily STROPHEODONTINAE Caster, 1939 Genus STROPHODONTA Hall, 1850 Type species. —Strophomena demissa Conrad, 1842, p. 258, pl. 14, fig. 14. Strophodonta demissa (Conrad, 1842) Plate 2, figures 20-26; Plate 3, figures 1-5 Stropheodonta cf. demissa Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B9, pl. 1, figs. 7-16; Boucot, 1973, p. 21, pl. 6, figs. 7-19; Feldman, 1985, p. 319, fig. 23. Description. Pedicle valve exterior.—Shells weakly mucronate, semicircular to shield-shaped in outline, concavocon- vex in lateral profile, slightly wider than long (Table 7); pedicle valve umbo extends noticeably past inter- area; pedicle interarea orthocline to slightly apsacline; delthyrium open and broadly triangular; flat pseudo- deltidium sometimes present; usually pseudodelti- dium and chilidium (if present) not easily differenti- ated; coarse, uniform costae superimposed on finer uniform costellae, commonly increasing anteriorly by bifurcation and intercalation; interspace distance ap- proximately equal to costae width posteriorly but in- creases to two times, and rarely three times width near anterior commissure; about eight to 10 costae per 5 mm. Pedicle valve interior.—Muscle field roughly sub- oval and apparently confined by low ridge anteriorly, although this may simply be a small depression in valve floor; there is an indication of low platform at posterior end of muscle field which probably supported adductors; ventral sockets medium-sized and form pair of pseudoteeth in only one specimen (AMNH 44185), which articulate with pseudosockets in brachial valve floor; shells endospinose on exfoliated surfaces. Brachial valve interior.—Cardinal process lobes di- rected posteriorly and joined basally to form U-shaped structure; attachment faces of lobes non-striate and grooved medially; small sockets adjoin cardinal lobes laterally and diverge at angle of about 30 degrees from hingeline; muscle field extends anteriorly for about one- half the length of valve; consists of two sets of adduc- tors elevated on a platform: a medial and posterolateral pair; medial scars extend from middle of posterolateral scars, elongate and divided by low myophragm; lat- erally, surrounded by raised ridge; posterolateral scars each subelliptical to reniform, shorter in length and separated by low, round myophragm which, in some cases, extends anteriorly and diverges forming lateral ridges which surround medial scars; posterolateral scars commonly more deeply impressed; indications of short breviseptum in some shells, along with slightly diver- New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 17 Table 7.— Measurements (in mm) of Strophodonta demissa (Con- rad, 1842). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 7.9 9.6 2.9 a.v. 3152 1S) 9.4 2.3 a.v. 3152 9.2 11.4 — a.v. 3152 9.6 3 32 a.v. 3152 8.5 10.7 — a.v. 3152 10.1 12.8 DT a.v. 3152 8.4 11.0 2.0 a.v. 3152 Tel 9.1 Deli a.v. 3152 9.7 14.0 —_ a.v. 3152 19.8 25.6 9.1 a.v. 3152 18.4 7 6.7 a.v. 3152 16.7 20.9 — a.v. 3152 18.7 20.8 — a.v. 3152 19.8 20.5 5.6 a.v. 3152 20.3 21.9 6.0 a.v. BiliS2 18.0 23.2 dh 5.0 a.v. 3152 152 16.9 2.3 a.v. 3152 21.4 24.0 d — a.v. 3152 20.1 eA) 7.0 a.v. 3152 19.9 21.9 6.7 a.v. 3152 18.3 20.6 5.1 a.v. 3153 19.1 ~ 6.6 a.v. 3153 18.4 20.9 5.0 a.v. 3153 15.9 17.4 5.0 a.v. 3153 16.9 AW 4.8 a.v. gent (anteriorly) brachial ridges; breviseptum com- monly continuous with myophragm; moderately high peripheral ridge present; external ornamentation only impressed on interior of endospinose valve floor at periphery. Discussion. —The brachial valve interior identical to Hall’s (1867) specimen (AMNH 37208) but smaller. In the Onondaga shells, the pedicle valve is more con- vex than Hall’s (1867) specimens (AMNH 5153c, d) but equal in convexity to AMNH 5153a (from the Hamilton of Genesee County, Darien, New York). In general, the Onondaga shells are smaller than Hall’s types. Strophodonta demissa may be differentiated from Brachyprion (Brachyprion) by its larger, broader car- dinal process in which the cardinal lobes are joined basally into a U-shaped structure, its raised brachial valve muscle field, pseudoteeth and pseudosockets. Ornamentation is coarser in S. demissa and the On- ondaga shells have relatively coarse uniform costellae imposed on finer uniform costae. Brachyprion (Bra- chyprion) from the Onondaga, as discussed above, has unequally parvicostellate ornamentation. These shells may show evolutionary convergence with Plicostroph- Table 8.—Measurements (in mm) of Costistrophonella punctuli- fera (Conrad, 1838). See Systematic Paleontology. Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 14.7 24.3 — a.v. 3152 20.3 32.8 dh — a.v. 3152 18.6 — — a.v. SiS 2 17.0 20.2 dh — a.v. 3152 18.4 25.5 dh — a.v. 3152 9.2 11.0 — a.v. 3152 18.4 24.8 dh o a.v. 3152 _ 34.0 — a.v. 3152 13.0 DDD: - a.v. eodonta as the ornamentation is very similar and the brachial valve interiors are identical. Strophodonta demissa differs from Megastrophia in having a less transverse muscle field in the pedicle valve: it is subelliptical to subtrigonal in the brachial valve of Megastrophia. Material. —60 articulated shells, 21 pedicle valves, eight brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Family STROPHONELLIDAE Caster, 1939 [nom. transl. Sokolskaya, 1960 (ex Strophonellinae Caster, 1939)] Genus COSTISTROPHONELLA Harper and Boucot, 1978 Type species. —Strophomena punctulifera Conrad, 1838, p. 117. Costistrophonella punctulifera (Conrad, 1838) Plate 3, figures 6-11 Strophomena punctulifera Conrad, 1838, p. 117. Strophodonta punctulifera Hall, 1859, p. 188, pl. 21, fig. 4; pl. 23, figs. 4, 5, 7e. Strophonella cf. punctulifera Boucot, 1973, p. 23, pl. 8, figs. 14-18; Johnson, 1970, pp. 113-115, pl. 20, figs. 1-6; pl. 21, figs. 13, 14. Strophonella punctulifera Hall and Clarke, 1892, p. 291, pl. 12, figs. 10-12: Schuchert, 1913, p. 323, pl. 59, figs. 8-10; Cooper, 1944, p. 339, pl. 130, figs. 19, 20; Johnson, 1970, p. 1 13, pl. 20, figs. 1- 6; pl. 21, figs. 13, 14. Costistrophonella cf. punctulifera Feldman, 1985, p. Sili7, figs 20! Description. Exterior.— Brachial valve strongly convex in largest (Table 8) and most complete specimen (AMNH 441 98): pedicle valve strongly concave; shells resupinate in lat- eral profile; hingeline at least partially denticulate but denticles not well preserved; rounded and angular ra- dial costellae of uniform width which increase by bi- furcation in some specimens and by intercalation in 18 BULLETIN 346 others; costellae separated by interspaces which, in some shells, are same width as costellae, and in other shells range from one to three times their width. Discussion. —Costistrophonella punctulifera differs from Strophonella (Strophonella) in having costellae of uniform width that are separated by interspaces of one or two times their width. In Strophonella (Stropho- nella) the costellae are characteristically more widely spaced. Costistrophonella punctulifera from the On- ondaga Limestone has identical ornamentation and muscle scars to that of Costistrophonella cf. punctuli- fera from the Great Basin of Nevada (Johnson, 1970, p. 113, pl. 20, figs. 2, 4). The cardinal lobes of the Nevada shells vary slightly in that they diverge from one another at a more moderate angle. Costistropho- nella sp., a Helderberg equivalent (Harper and Boucot, 1978, pl. 17, figs. 9a, b) from the Gedinnian of Gaspe, Quebec, differs in its more angular costellae. The On- ondaga brachial valve (AMNH 44198) differs from Harper and Boucot’s (1978, pl. 18, fig. la) brachial interior and differs only in that it has a T-shaped plat- form which supports the cardinal lobes. Costistrophonella punctulifera differs from C. ampla (Hall, 1867, pp. 93-96, pl. 14, figs. la-i; Harper and Boucot, 1978, pl. 17, figs. 5-8; pl. 18, figs. 4-6) in its coarser and more angular costellae. Material. —20 articulated shells, two pedicle valves, eight brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Costistrophonella ampla (Hall, 1857) Plate 3, figures 12-14 Type species.—Strophomena ampla Hall, 1857, p. WW le Strophomena (Strophodonta) ampla Hall, 1857, p. 111. Strophodonta ampla Hall, 1867, pp. 93-96, pl. 14, figs. la-i. Strophonella ampla Halland Clarke, 1892, pl. 12, figs. 13-15; Clarke, 1908, pp. 197-198, pl. 37, fig. 12. Description. Exterior.—Two specimens have been assigned to Costistrophonella ampla based on their distinctly finer costaellae. Brachial valve interior. — Cardinal process lobes low, separated basally and diverge from each other at angle of 45 degrees; each lobe divided by longitudinal groove and is unstriated; small median groove separates car- dinal lobes; low myophragm that extends anteriorly from a T-shaped platform splits anteriorly and sepa- rates adductor muscle field; muscles impressed more deeply posteriorly and merge imperceptibly with valve floor anteriorly; muscle scars longitudinally striated, somewhat dendritic and roughly oval in outline; in- ternal shell surface endospinose, especially posteriorly. Discussion. —Shells conform with the finer costellae typical of the species illustrated by Hall (1867, pl. 14, figs. la-i). Johnson’s (1970, pl. 20, figs. 1-6; pl. 21, figs. 13, 14) species Costistrophonella cf. punctulifera from the Great Basin of Nevada has more coarse and angular costellae. Material. —One pedicle valve, one brachial interior. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Suborder CHONETOIDEA Muir—Wood, 1955 Superfamily CHONETACEA Bronn, 1862 Subfamily RETICHONETINAE Mutr—Wood, 1962 Genus LONGISPINA Cooper, 1942 Type species. —Chonetes emmetensis Winchell, 1866, p. 92. Longispina mucronata (Hall, 1843) Plate 3, figures 15-18 Strophomena mucronata Hall, 1843, p. 180, fig. 3. Chonetes laticosta Hall, 1857, p. 119. Chonetes mucronata Hall, 1867, p. 124, pl. 20, fig. 1; pl. 21, fig. 1. Chonetes mucronata Hall and Clarke, 1892, pl. 16, figs. 6, 7; 1894, pl. 20, fig. 3. “Chonetes” aff. lineata Hall. Feldman, 1985, p. 320, fig. 25A. Description. Exterior.—All shells in collection small (Table 9), subquadrate, concavoconvex; maximum width at hingeline; anterior commissure rounded while lateral commissures parallel; pedicle interarea concave and anacline; brachial interarea straight; remnant of single pseudodeltidium observed on one specimen but too poorly preserved to describe, other than to note that it includes an angle of approximately 60 degrees and is rather small; no chilidium observed; 12 to 15 round- ed costae progressively widen from umbonal area to- wards margins; costae wider than interspaces on ped- icle valve; brachial valve exterior too poorly preserved to comment on ornamentation; three costae per 2 mm along anterior commissure; no growth lines evident; neither intercalation nor bifurcation of costae observed although Hall (1867, p. 125) noted that some costae originated by bifurcation and some by intercalation (in Hall’s specimens there were up to 20 costae present); spines not observed. Pedicle valve interior.—One poorly preserved ped- icle valve interior is available for study. The only mor- phological features of note are indications of two short hinge teeth, a large round muscle field and impress of costae along interior margins of valve floor. Discussion. —Longispina emmetensis (Winchell), 1866 from the Traverse Group of Michigan (Imbrie, 1959, p. 397, pl. 64, figs. 23-26) differs from L. mu- cronata in that it has finer costae and is larger. Also, New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 19 Table 9.— Measurements (in mm) of Longispina mucronata (Hall, 1843). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Ab- breviations and Subscripts for explanations. Table 10.—Measurements (in mm) of “Eodevonaria” cf. hemi- spherica (Hall, 1857). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. Specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 4.0 5:3. _ a.v. 3152 5.9 6.2 = a.v. 3152 By 5.6 dh a.v. 3152 5.0 5.8 1.0 av. 3152 4.0 4.6 _ a.v. 3152 6.0 7.0 _ a.v. 3152 5.4 — 1.9 a.v. 3152 3.8 5.1 dh 0.5 a.v. 3152 4.1 52) _ a.v. 3152 5:3) — — AVE 3152 5.6 7.3 — a.v. 3152 4.3 By - a.v. 3152 3.8 4.9 dh - a.v. the costae of L. emmetensis increase very infrequently by both implantation and bifurcation. Material. —One articulated shell, five pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3154. Family EODEVONARIIDAE Sokolskaya, 1960 Genus EODEVONARIA Breger, 1906 Type species. —Chonetes arcuatus Hall, 1857, p. 76. ‘“‘EKodevonaria” cf. hemispherica (Hall, 1857) Plate 3, figures 19-21 Chonetes hemispherica Hall, 1857, p. 116; 1867, p. 118, pl. 20, fig. 6; Hall and Clarke, 1892, pl. 16, fig. 14. “Eodevonaria” hemispherica Racheboeuf and Feldman, 1990, pp. 10-13, figs. 9-12. Chonetes lineata Feldman, 1985, p. 320, fig. 25B. Description. Pedicle valve exterior. —Shells large (Table 10), con- cavoconvex with maximum width at hingeline; umbo strongly arched dorsally, overhangs hingeline; ears strongly convex, triangular, well differentiated from body of pedicle valve; pseudodeltidium small, trian- gular convex plate at apex of delthyrium; pedicle in- terarea strongly concave, catacline and almost perpen- dicular to commissural plane; no spines preserved; ornamentation consists of low, rounded radial costae, separated by narrower interspaces, increase by bifur- cation; costae number about two to four per millimeter at anterior commissure; at 5 mm from beak there are approximately 45 costae, while largest shells have about 70 costae at anterior commissure. Pedicle valve interior.—One poorly preserved spec- imen studied in the field serves as the basis for this description. Faint myophragm divides muscle field to about midlength; diductor scars with radial striations found at posterior third of visceral cavity; large, oval AMNH loc. (L) (W) specimen type 3152 6.9 14.9 p.v. 3152 9.6 14.3 p.v. 3152 10.3 14.2 p.v. 3152 8.0 14.4 dh p.v. 3152 8.6 = p.v. 3152 9.8 13.1 D.v. 3152 9.6 13.4 p.v. 3152 8.1 7.8 p.v. 3152 8.0 13.4 dh p.v. B52 8.3 13.7 p.v. 3152 8.7 8.8 p.v. 3152 ae 10.5 dh p.v. adductor scars, almost semicircular in outline; hinge- line strongly denticulate; internal periphery of anterior commissure grooved due to impress of costae; endo- spines found on anterolateral margins of valve, ar- ranged in radial sequence. Discussion. —Due to the lack of internal brachial valve morphology, generic assignment is somewhat questionable although the shape, denticulate hingeline and other characters indicate assignment to the family Eodevonariidae. Racheboeuf and Feldman (1990) found the same species in the Hallinetes Zone (formerly ‘‘Pink”’ Cho- netes Zone) in central New York (AMNH Locs. 3128, 3219). Both forms have rather coarse radial ornamen- tation very similar to shells described from Central and South America. Eodevonaria inca Isaacson, 1977, E. imperialis (Caster, 1939) and E. subhemispherica (Weisbord, 1926) have similar ornamentation and morphologies. Although they would probably repre- sent a distinct group of globose, coarsely costate Eo- devonariids, more detailed information is necessary for better comparisons. Material. —10 pedicle valves. Occurrence. —-AMNH Locs. 3152, 3154. Eodevonaria cf. arcuata (Hall, 1857) Plate 3, figure 22 Chonetes arcuata Hall, 1857, pp. 116-117; 1867, p. 119, pl. 20, figs. Ta-f. Eodevonaria arcuata Williams and Breger, 1916, pp. 52-54, pl. 3, figs. 6, 9, 11; Boucot and Harper, 1968, p. 153, pl. 27, figs. 1-7. E. imperialis Caster, 1939, pp. 122-126, pl. 7, figs. 11-14, 17, 18; pl. 9, fig. 3. E. imperialis var. parva Caster, 1939, pp. 126-128, pl. 7, figs. 9, 10, 15, 16; pl. 9, figs. 4-7. E. imperialis var. transversa Caster, 1939, pp. 128-129, pl. 7, figs. 5, 6; pl. 11, figs. 18-20. E. sp. cf. E. arcuata Boucot, 1959, p. 756, pl. 97, figs. 11-16. 20 BULLETIN 346 Description. —One pedicle valve exterior along with the posterior section of the brachial valve was exposed from a block after etching in an acid bath. The spec- imen is silicified and the piece from which it protrudes is chert, making it impossible to further prepare the internal shell morphology. Shell large for Onondaga chonetids (L = 10.5 mm; W = 13 mm), strongly convex and transverse to possibly somewhat subcircular in outline. Maximum width at hingeline; posterolateral margin of pedicle valve flattened; brachial valve not visible; pedicle interarea appears to be flat and or- thocline with remnants of small pseudodeltidium pres- ent, the convexity of which cannot be determined; very faint sulcus present on pedicle valve; about 17 costellae found in 5 mm interval at distance of 5 mm from beak; 24 denticles along entire length of hingeline; no spines evident. Discussion. —Eodevonaria cf. arcuata differs from Eodevonaria cf. hemispherica in that it is more finely costellate. Eodevonaria arcuata intermedia (Amsden and Ven- tress, 1963) from the Sallisaw Formation (early Em- sian), Oklahoma, is very similar to Eodevonaria ar- cuata from the Onondaga but is not placed in synonomy for two reasons: the first is due to the observation of Boucot and Harper (1968, p. 156) that the number of costellae in the Oklahoma shells (as well as those from the Camden Chert of Tennessee) is too variable in collections of a single species from a single locality and is thus considered to be of questionable specific value. The second is that the Oklahoma shells lack a pedicle sulcus and the Onondaga specimen has a faint sulcus. Eodevonaria acutiradiata, first described by Hall (1843, p. 171, fig. 3, as Strophomena acutiradiata) and presumed to be from the Onondaga Limestone of New York (see Amsden and Ventress, 1963, p. 168), has a shallower pedicle valve and is more finely costellate (12 to 13 per 5 mm). Material. —One pedicle valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3153. Order RHYNCHONELLIDA Kuhn, 1949 Suborder RHYNCHONELLOIDEA Moore, 1952 Superfamily CAMAROTOECHIACEA Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 [nom. transl. Havlicek, 1960 (ex Camarotoechiidae Schuchert and LeVene, 1929)] Family RHYNCHOTREMATIDAE Schuchert, 1913 Subfamily ORTHORHYNCHULINAE Cooper, 1956 Genus MACHAERARIA Cooper, 1955 Type species. —Rhynchonella formosa Hall, 1857, p. 76, figs. 1-5. Machaeraria sp. Plate 3, figures 23-27 Description. —Shell medium-sized (maximum length 14.5 mm, maximum width 19.2 mm, maximum thick- ness 10.1 mm), nonstrophic, transversely elliptical in outline, biconvex in lateral profile; brachial valve con- siderably deeper than pedicle valve; pedicle beak near- ly straight, extending just posterior to brachial umbo; beak ridges small, with round, apically located per- mesothyridid foramen; delthyrium filled by incurved brachial beak thereby obscuring any evidence of del- thyrial plates; no interarea present; posterolateral mar- gins almost straight, diverge at angle of slightly greater than ninety degrees; anterior commissure uniplicate; maximum width attained at about midlength; pedicle valve has strong sulcus which dies out posteriorly and disappears altogether at pedicle umbo, while brachial valve has corresponding fold which also becomes ob- solescent posteriorly; radial costae angular in cross sec- tion with 11 on pedicle flanks and five in sulcus; 10 costae on brachial flanks and six on fold; extremely fine, numerous (20 per mm), evenly spaced concentric growth lines present. Discussion. —Bowen’s (1967) Machaeraria whitting- toni from the Keyser Limestone (MCZ 9502a, b) 1s very similar to Machaeraria formosa sp. from the On- ondaga Limestone but has three costae in the sulcus and four on the fold. Machaeraria from the Becraft Limestone of New York (Hall, 1859, pl. 35, figs. 60p, r) lacks a permesothyridid pedicle foramen. Machae- raria formosa seems to consist of two different species, one very slightly sulcate (AMNH 3398, 33401) and the other (AMNH 2481) sulcate and suboval in outline and similar to the Onondaga specimen but having three costae in the sulcus and four on the fold. Boucot (1973, p. 35, pl. 14, figs. 14-21) described /. mainensis from the base of the Upper Silurian Hobbstown Formation that is similar to the Onondaga form but again, as in M. formosa, it has only three costae in the sulcus and four on the fold. Also, in the Maine shells, as in some of Hall’s (1857) types, the pedicle valve sulcus is pro- longed into a tongue that abutts against the brachial valve fold; this feature is absent in Machaeraria sp. from the Onondaga Limestone. M. carolina (Hall), de- scribed by Boucot and Johnson (1968, p. B10, pl. 3, figs. 11-20) from the Bois Blanc Formation in western New York is more trigonal in outline, has a shallower sulcus and has 24 costae on the best preserved pedicle valve, five of which are in the sulcus. Of all known specimens of the genus, these shells conform the closest in morphology to the Onondaga specimen. Until more material becomes available for study, especially of the internal morphology, specific assign- ment must be deferred. Johnson (1970, p. 142) noted NEw YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 21 that the types of “RAynchonella” carolina Hall (1867, pl. 54) are actually Machaeraria and their probable Eifelian age makes Carolina the youngest known spe- cies of Machaeraria. Machaeraria sp. from the On- ondaga Limestone is also Eifelian in age (Feldman, 1985, p. 293). The Onondaga form is decidedly distinct from the Silurian and Early Devonian species of Mach- aeraria and may be transitional to Callipleura (type species C. nobilis Cooper, 1942),a Hamilton age genus. Material. —One articulated shell. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Superfamily STENOSCISMATACEA Oehlert, 1887 (1883) Family ATRIBONIIDAE Grant, 1965 Genus ATRIBONIUM Grant, 1965 Type species. —Stenoscisma halli Fagerstrom, 1961, p. 29, pl. 9, figs. 48-51. Atribonium halli (Fagerstrom, 1961) Plate 4, figures 1-11 Stenoscisma halli Fagerstrom, 1961, p. 29, pl. 9, figs. 48-51. Stenoscisma rhomboidalis (Hall and Clarke) Fagerstrom, 1961, p. 29, pl. 9, figs. 45-47. Atribonium halli (Fagerstrom) Grant, 1965, p. 52; Feldman, 1985, p. 323, fig. 29. Description. —Shells small, rostrate, nonstrophic, subpentagonal in outline, ventribiconvex with short, suberect beak, and short, blunt beak ridges; pedicle foramen small; no deltidial plates preserved; anterior commissure uniplicate with prominent brachial fold and deep pedicle sulcus: costae weak, rounded, fading as beak approached, disappearing on both valves just short of midlength; four costae on fold and three on sulcus of larger specimen, but none preserved on small- er one; three costae found on flanks; no visible growth lines evident; both valves geniculate and butt against one another in vertical plane at anterior commissure (a generic character in the Stenoscismatacea); valves also butt against each other at lateral and posterior margins with no overlap; no evidence of incipient frills at commissure. Discussion. —The shell is almost identical to those collected from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, p. 323, fig. 29) and differ in number of costae on the sulcus and fold (not necessarily a significant difference when dealing with such a small sample). Grant (1965, p. 52) noted that Atribonium halli differs from all other species of the genus in having few (two or three) costae on the fold, and normally the same or a greater number on each flank. Since the Genesee Valley species so closely resembles the mid-Hudson Valley shells, the reader is referred to Feldman (1985, p. 324) for further comparisons which are applicable to both. Table 11.—Measurements (in mm) of Cupularostrum? sp. See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. number of plications AMNH aS = sulcus loc. (L) (W) (T) fold sulcus begins* 3152 13.9 13.6 6.0 6 5 3.4 3153 — 8.0 = _ 6 5.0 * Measured from the beak; both valves are articulated. Material. —Three articulated shells. Occurrence. -AMNH Loc. 3153. Superfamily CAMAROTOECHIACEA Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 Family TRIGONIRHYNCHIIDAE McLaren, 1965 Genus CUPULAROSTRUM Sartenaer, 1961 Type species. —Cupularostrum recticostatum Sarte- naer, 1961, p. 6, pl. 1, figs. 1-7; pl. 2, figs. A-C. Cupularostrum? sp. Plate 4, figures 12-15 Description. —Two articulated specimens are avail- able for study, one of which is embedded in a piece of chert, pedicle valve up, thus obscuring the anterior margin of the shell. Shells medium-sized for genus (Table 11), subtrigonal in outline; posterolateral mar- gins straight; pedicle beak slightly damaged but appears to be suberect; open, triangular delthyrium evident with a small foramen located apically; no deltidial plates observed; maximum width attained anterior to mid- length, almost at anterior commissure; pedicle valve bears sulcus that originates just anterior to umbo; bra- chial valve bears corresponding, but weaker, fold; 21 simple, sharply rounded to subangular plicae separated by U-shaped interspaces; six plicae in sulcus but num- ber on fold questionable. Discussion. — Boucot (1973, p. 30) noted that an ex- amination of the cardinalia is crucial to assigning a species to the genus Cupularostrum and that external form and ornamentation are not diagnostic. True Cu- pularostrum has a septalium commonly roofed over by a perforate hinge plate along with crenulate dental sockets. Cupularostrum macrocosta from the Moose River Synclinorium, Maine (Boucot, 1973, p. 29, pl. 12, figs. 3-11) has four to five plicae in the sulcus of the pedicle valve and seven to nine on the flanks, for a total of 11 to 14. The overall size and outline is similar to the Genesee Valley specimens. Cupularostrum sp. A from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, p. 325, figs. 30A—D) is smaller and has only 15 plicae. In all other respects, at least as can be determined from observing the exteriors, they are No ii) Table 12.—Measurements (in mm) of Atrypa “reticularis” (Lin- naeus, 1767). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measure- ment Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 14.4 14.7 8.7 a.v. 3152 18.6 19.6 9.7 av. 3152 23.7 23.0 12.1 a.v. 3152 22.2 24.7 14.3 a.v. 3152 17.6 17.4 12.0 a.v. 3152 15.9 17.0 9.0 a.v. 3152 20.0 20.6 11.6 a.v. 3152 19.7 21.9 11.9 a.v. 3152 23.5 22.5 1257, a.v. 3152 22.9 23.7 9.8 a.v. 3152 22.8 21.1 15.6 a.v. 3152 14.7 16.8 8.9 a.v. 3152 21.0 22.4 QBS a.v. 3152 14.9 16.0 6.6 av. 3152 21.6 22.4 WES a.v. 3152 16.9 16.0 8.5 a.v. 3152 10.2 10.3 5.0 a.v. 3152 19.1 17.4 10.7 a.v. 3152 19.8 21.9 lplezs a.v. 3152 20.2 20.3 10.0 a.v. 3153 18.9 22.0 10.8 a.v. 3153 16.7 15.8 9.5 a.v. 3153 13.4 - 6.2 a.v. 3153 15:7 13.8 4.9 a.v. 3153 20.6 24.4 9.3 a.v. identical. They are also very similar to Cupu/arostrum? sp. from the underlying Bois Blanc Formation of west- ern New York (Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B11, pl. 3, figs. 21-29) in outline and external morphology. Material. —Two articulated shells. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153. Order ATRYPIDA Rzhonsnitskaya, 1964 Superfamily ATRYPACEA Gill, 1871 Family ATRYPIDAE Gill, 1871 Subfamily ATRYPINAE Gill, 1871 Genus ATRYPA Dalman, 1828 Type species.—Anomia reticularis Linnaeus, 1758, p02: Atrypa “reticularis” (Linnaeus, 1767) Plate 4, figures 16-24 Anomia reticularis Linnaeus, 1758, p. 702. Atrypa “reticularis” Boucot, 1959, p. 741, pl. 91, figs. 7-9; Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B12, pl. 3, figs. 30-49; Boucot, 1973, p. 36, pl. 15, figs. 1-6; Feldman, 1985, p. 326, fig. 31. Description. Exterior.—Shells mostly medium-sized (Table 12), dorsibiconvex, subcircular to elongate suboval in out- line; maximum width attained at about midlength; BULLETIN 346 pedicle beak suberect and overhangs brachial umbo partially concealing erect brachial beak; pedicle valve bears sulcus and brachial valve corresponding fold; anterior commissure slightly uniplicate; rounded ra- dial costellae increase anteriorly by bifurcation and intercalation; concentric growth lamellae interrupt cos- tellae becoming more numerous, distinct and frilly an- teriorly. Pedicle valve interior. — Large hinge teeth supported by short, narrow dental lamellae; muscle field flabel- late, somewhat trigonal in outline and longitudinally striated with relatively coarse, uniformly sized, slightly radiating low ridges (diductors) which abut anteriorly against very low rim; adductors, located in posterior part of muscle field, represented by two smooth in- dentations separated by low ridge (myophragm?); ovarian/gonadal depressions deeply pitted. Brachial valve interior. — Diverging sockets bounded by valve margin posterolaterally and anteromedially by curved hinge plates; socket plate transversely grooved; short, thin crural bases, projecting anteroven- trally, attached to inner margins of sockets; no cardinal process observed; adductor muscle scars faintly stri- ated, almost flabellate, subpyramidal and divided by low myophragm which is thick posteriorly, thins an- teriorly and bifurcates into two myophragms ending at anterior rim of muscle field; faintly pitted ovarian depression. Material. —111 articulated valves, 39 pedicle valves, 35 brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153, 3154. Order ATHYRIDIDA Boucot, Johnson and Staton, 1964 [nom. transl. Dagis, 1974 (ex Suborder Athyridoidea Boucot, Johnson and Staton, 1964, p. 815)] Family ANOPLOTHECIDAE Schuchert, 1894 Subfamily COELOSPIRINAE Hall and Clarke, 1895 Genus COELOSPIRA Hall, 1863 Type species. —Leptocoelia concava Hall, 1857, p. 107. Coelospira camilla Hall, 1867 Plate 4, figures 25-38 Leptocoelia concava Hall, 1857, p. 107. Coelospira camilla Hall, 1867, p. 329 (as Coelospira concava), pl. 52, figs. 13-19; Hall and Clarke, 1895, pl. 53, figs. 24-31; Boucot and Johnson, 1967, p. 1237, pl. 164, figs. 20-30; pl. 165, figs. 1- 15; Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B13, pl. 4, figs. 1-25; Boucot et al., 1970, pp. 17-18, pl. 5, figs. 17-19, 21-22; Feldman, 1985, p. 327, fig. 32. Description. Exterior.—Shells small (Table 13), concavoconvex, subcircular in outline. Hinge slightly rounded with small NEW YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 23 pedicle foramen in well preserved specimens; no in- terarea evident; pedicle beak incurved and pedicle valve strongly convex; maximum width attained at about one-third length; in some shells brachial valve sulcate medially but planar anteriorly; ornamentation consists of 12 rounded radial plication with U-shaped inter- spaces of about same width, that become wider as an- terolateral margins approached; plications rarely in- crease anteriorly by bifurcation. Pedicle valve interior. — Hinge teeth small, thin, gen- erally poorly preserved and supported by obscure den- tal lamellae; crural fossette on medial side of each hinge tooth; diductor muscle scars bisected by low my- ophragm of varying thickness which ends at about one- third valve length; scars elongate, subelliptical and fair- ly deeply impressed in some shells while obscure in others; in former anterior boundary of diductor 1m- pressions strongly defined by difference in elevation on valve floor while in latter muscle impressions grade into valve floor imperceptibly; adductor scars repre- sented by subtriangular depression just past anterior end of myophragm sandwiched between extremities of diverging didcutor impressions, located almost in ex- act center of valve floor, that is faintly crenulated an- teriorly due to impress of plications. Brachial valve interior.—Sockets diverge anterolat- erally, deeply excavated and bordered medially by in- curved socket plates; cardinal process trilobed, possi- bly quadrilobed protuberance from the base of which extends short, low, often broad anteriorly tapering my- ophragm; myophragm begins as swelling before taper- ing to bisect elongate to suboval adductor muscle field that terminates in raised rim at midlength; valve floor impressed with plications along periphery. Discussion. —Adductor scars are not preserved in any specimens of Coelospira camilla from the mid- Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, p. 327, fig. 32); oth- erwise the shells are identical. The Genesee Valley specimens are almost identical to those collected from the Bois Blanc Limestone of western New York (Bou- cot and Johnson, 1968, p. B12, pl. 4, figs. 1-25) dif- fering in their slightly finer plicae. Boucot er al. (1970, p. 17, pl. 5, figs. 17-19, 21-22) illustrate Coelospira sp., which differ in the ornamentation, from the Green Pond Outlier in southeastern New York. The pedicle exterior has a medial fold bearing a thin lira medially that is bounded by two primary costae each giving off a costella abaxially. Laterally three primary costae are present, resulting in a total of 11 costae, costellae and lirae. The brachial exterior bears a progressively thick- ening costa that supports a fine lira medially. Lateral to medial costae are present with secondary costellae, resulting in a total of 11 to 15 costae, costellae and lira. The shells further differ in that there is a nonlobate cardinal process. Table 13.—Measurements (in mm) of Coelospira camilla Hall, 1867. See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Ab- breviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 5.6 5.9 2.1 a.v. 3152 5.3 5:2 1.9 a.v. 3152 5.0 4.8 1.5 a.v. 3152 3.9 4.0 1.5 a.v. 3152 4.0 4.4 1.3 a.v. 3152 3.9 4.1 12 a.v. 3152 4.7 4.2 12. av, 3152 4.5 4.3 21 a.v. 3152 Si 4.9 12 a.v. 3152 5.1 5.4 ibe a.v. 3152 Sy 5.5 1.6 a.v. 3152 5.7 6.0 17, a.v. 3152 5.9 Byes) 2.1 a.v. 3152 6.0 6.1 2.2 a.v. S52 6.0 6.6 2.0 a.v. Bn52 6.4 5.9 2.0 a.v. 3152 5.5 6.1 1.5 aly: 3152 Sul 5.0 2.6 a.v. 3152 6.4 6.1 1.6 a.v. 3152 5.0 6.0 23 a.v. 3152 6.0 Bil 2.0 a.v. 3152 6.0 5.6 2.3 a.v. 3153 Sys) S)5) 1.3 a.v. S153) 5.1 Sell 2.2 a.v. 3152 5.0 Sy! - a.v. Additional comparisons and references to the oc- currence of Coelospira camilla in the United States can be found in Feldman (1985, p. 328) and Boucot and Johnson (1967, p. 1235). Material. — 142 articulated shells, 21 pedicle valves, six brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3154. Family MERISTELLIDAE Waagen, 1883 Subfamily CAMAROPHORELLINAE Schuchert and LeVene, 1929 Genus CAMAROSPIRA Hall and Clarke, 1893 Type species.—Camarophoria eucharis Hall, 1867, p. 368. Camarospira? sp. Plate 5, figures 1-5 Description. —Shell biconvex, elongate with arcuate pedicle valve bearing shallow sulcus and terminating in tonguelike extension; pedicle beak suberect; brachial valve inflated poseriorly and bears correspondingly weak fold; brachial umbo incurved partially concealing delthyrium; no deltidial plates preserved and no evi- dence of foramen; both valves show external evidence of median septum in form of thin line bisecting um- bonal regions; shell smooth but for strong, irregularly spaced growth lines on anterior one-third of shell; spec- 24 BULLETIN 346 Table 14.—Measurements (in mm) of Athyris boucoti, n. sp. See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3153 SES 14.8 U3} a.v. holotype AMNH 44227 3153 1259 11222. 12: a.v. 3152 11.4 12.9 dh 6.6e a.v. 31152 10.0 dh 9.6 dh 5.4 a.v. 3152 11.1 = 6.4 a.v. 3152 10.3 ae 523 a.v. 352 9.5 dh 93 3.0 ¢ a.v. 3152 9:3 11.6 5:3) a.v. 3152 9.0 10.3 2:9'¢ a.v. 3152 9.0 9.3 dh 4.0 a.v. 3152 — 8.8 3.9 a.v. 3152 12.0 11.9 6.0 a.v. 3152 les} 12.1 6.7 a.v. 3152 ipl} = Sya// a.v. 3152 12 11.0 6.3 aave 31152 10.9 10.8 d 5:9 a.v. 3152 10.9 10.4 5.9 a.v. 3152 10.1 11.6 5.8 e a.v. 3152 10.8 8.9 6.0 a.v. 3152 10.6 9.4 5.8 a.v. 3152 9.5 9.3 dh 5:3 a.v. 3152 9.2 10.1 dh 522. a.v. 3152 8.7 9.7 5:3. a.v. 3152 8.1 9.7 4.4 a.v. 3152 8.1 8.9 5.0 a.v. 3152 the _ 4.4 a.v. 3152 7.0 8.4 4.6 a.v. 3152 Sei 5.9 4.1 a.v. 3152 12.4 dh 12.2 dh = p.v. 3152 9.1 11.9 — p.v. 3152 10.1 9.2 - p.v. 3152 9.4 10.2 ~ p.v. imen resembles Camarophoria eucharis (Hall, 1867, p. 368, pl. 57, figs. 40-45) collected from the Onondaga Limestone (= Corniferous Limestone) of Canada West, Ontario, in its overall external morphology, but it is not as broadly ovate. Material.—One poorly preserved articulated shell. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3153. Family ATHYRIDIDAE Davidson, 1881 (non M’Coy, 1844) [nom. correct. Boucot, Johnson and Staton, 1964 (pro Athyridae Davidson, 1881, p. 4)] Subfamily ATHYRIDINAE Davidson, 1881 (non M’Coy, 1844) [nom. correct. Boucot, Johnson and Staton, 1964 (pro Athyridinae Davidson, 1881, nom. transl. Waagen, 1883, p. 450) (ex Athyridae Davidson, 1881, p. 4)] Genus ATHYRIS M’Coy, 1844 Type species. —Terebratula concentrica von Buch, 1834, p. 123 by subsequent designation of King, 1850, DIS 6: Athyris boucoti new species Plate 5, figures 6-15 Athyris sp. A, Feldman, 1985, p. 331, figs. 38A—J. Diagnosis. —Small athyrids with strong, concave, raised cardinal process bounded by thick lateral mar- gins forming elevated ridges; narrow muscle field with striated adductor scars two-thirds the valve length; small hinge teeth supported by weak, curved, divergent dental lamellae; shallow, narrow sulcus with corre- sponding fold extending to umbonal region; lamellose exterior. Description. Exterior. — Shells small (Table 14), transversely sub- oval in outline and ventribiconvex; small, round ped- icle foramen located at termination of suberect beak which overhangs incurved brachial beak; shallow, nar- row sulcus, beginning just anterior to umbo and wid- ening slightly anteriorly, commonly present on pedicle valve, while brachial valve bears corresponding fold, resulting in weakly uniplicate anterior commissure; some specimens with an underdeveloped sulcus and fold have more rectimarginate anterior commissure; shell surface of well preserved specimens covered by fine, concentric lamellose growth lines; occasional worn shells completely exfoliated. Pedicle valve interior.—The following descriptions of the pedicle and brachial valve interiors are based partly on a single silicified specimen which has a small gape allowing an internal view. It was decided not to dissect the specimen and thus destroy the silicified shell, as the umbonal cavity and cardinalia were visible with a binocular microscope. Small hinge teeth dorsally di- rected, pointed and supported by weak dental lamellae which curve medially and diverge at about 45 degree angle; umbonal cavity thickened laterally forming slight ridge, but anteriorly merges with valve floor; no muscle scars preserved. Brachial valve interior.—Sockets short, U-shaped and diverge at about thirty degree angle; cardinal pro- cess strong, typically concave and raised from valve floor; lateral margins thickened and form elevated ridg- es which border sockets; muscle field narrow, about one-fourth valve width, with striated adductor scars extending to about two-thirds valve length where they merge imperceptibly with valve floor; no jugum or spiralia preserved. Discussion. —Athyris boucoti also occurs in the mid- Hudson Valley and is illustrated by Feldman (1985, NEw YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 25 figs. 38A—J) as Athyris sp. A. Athyris boucoti is homeo- morphic with Protathyris praecursor from the Lower Devonian Mitkov beds of Podolia, in the Ukraine (Ni- kiforova et al., 1985, p. 55, pl. 15, figs. 1-4), but can be easily differentiated internally by the cardinal pro- cess, which in Protathyris is large and trilobate. Athyris cora from the Hamilton Group at Delphi, New York (Hall, 1867, p. 291, pl. 47, figs. 1-7) and the Middle Devonian Formosa Reef Limestone of southwestern Ontario (Fagerstrom, 1961, p. 34, pl. 11, figs. 37-41), a somewhat larger species, lacks the lamellose orna- mentation of Athyris boucoti, has fine concentric growth lines on the surface and has a much narrower sulcus and fold. Specimens from the Skaneateles Formation in Hamilton, New York (USNM 447208-211), are non- lamellose, much larger and more robust than the On- ondaga shells and range from weakly to strongly sul- cate. Athyris minuta of the Formosa Reef Limestone (Fagerstrom, 1961, pp. 34-35, pl. 11, figs. 42-44) is similar in size but differs 1n its equally biconvex valves, subpentagonal outline and weak sulcus and fold. In- ternal comparisons must be deferred due to lack of 4. minuta brachial interiors. Athyris nuculoidea described by Cooper from the St. Laurent Limestone, Missouri (1945, p. 485, pl. 64, figs. 12-19) closely resembles Athyris boucoti in its small size and ornamentation but differs in that it has a wider and shorter pedicle sulcus (and corresponding fold), is pentagonal to heptagonal in outline, and has straight dental lamellae which rise from the pedicle valve floor at a ninety degree angle; in Athyris boucoti the dental lamellae are curved and divergent. Etymology. — After Professor Arthur J. Boucot, Or- egon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Material. —40 articulated shells, five pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153. Athyris leoni new species Plate 5, figures 16-23 Athyris sp. B, Feldman, 1985, p. 332, figs. 38k, 1. Diagnosis. —Medium-sized athyrid with a triangu- lar, almost flat cardinal process, without dorsal (= vis- ceral) foramen, narrowly elliptical brachial adductor impression and pyriform diductor scar. Description. Exterior.—Shells large (Table 15), transversely sub- oval in outline and ventribiconvex; pedicle beak sub- erect with poorly preserved foramen, while brachial beak is smaller, incurved; hingeline short, round; ped- icle valve bears shallow sulcus which originates just anterior to umbo and diverges widely as it nears an- terior commissure where it forms distinct but poorly preserved tongue; brachial valve bears corresponding Table 15.—Measurements (in mm) of Afhyris leoni, n. sp. See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 22.0 dh 25.8 16.5 a.v. holotype AMNH 44231 3152 = 29.3d — b.v. 3152 22.9 30.0 d — p.v. fold that becomes more distinct anteriorly; ornamen- tation consists of concentric, lamellose growth lines on both valves that become quite crowded anteriorly, es- pecially at anterior one-third of shell. Pedicle valve interior.— Hinge teeth small, pointed, dorsally directed and supported by straight, stout den- tal lamellae; delthyrium relatively narrow, encom- passing angle of approximately 25 degrees; diductor(?) muscle field is an extension of umbonal cavity, clearly pyriform in outline, and merges with valve floor an- teriorly; laterally it is bordered by ridge that is contin- uous dorsally with dental lamellae; bisecting anterior part of muscle field is low myophragm; larger trans- versely suboval adductor(?) muscle scar may occupy even greater area of valve floor (two-thirds) but is not clearly preserved; it, as well as smaller scar, 1s striated. Brachial valve interior.—Sockets very deeply exca- vated, broadly U-shaped in cross section, slightly flat- tened at base, widen anterolaterally and shallow out somewhat; cardinal process triangular, almost flat, with raised inner socket margins; no dorsal (= visceral) fo- ramen evident; anterior rim of cardinal process also raised, although not as high, resulting in elevated bor- der completely surrounding cardinal process; at base of cardinal process, below and posterior to raised rim, is an invagination, pointing posteriorly and ending in small pit-like structure; adductor muscle impression narrowly elliptical and, although worn, appears to have been striated with low myophragm found only at pos- terior one-fifth of scar. Discussion. —Athyris leoni also occurs in the mid- Hudson Valley (AMNH Loc. 3138A) and is illustrated by Feldman (1985, figs. 38k, 1) as Athyris sp. B. Athyris leoni from the Onondaga Limestone resembles 4thyris spiriferoides from the Hamilton Group (AMNH 4235 1-— 42353) externally but differs internally in the following ways: [1] The pedicle muscle field of Athyris leoni is pyriform in outline whereas Athyris spiriferoides has an elliptical to suboval scar (also illustrated in Hall and Clarke, 1894, pl. 35, fig. 5) and, [2] The cardinal process of Athyris leoni is almost flat whereas in Athyris spi- 26 BULLETIN 346 Table 16.—Measurements (in mm) of Meristina cf. nasuta (Con- rad, 1842). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. distance between AMNH hinge length of width of specimen loc. teeth muscle field muscle field type 3152 6.0 8.4 11.1 p.v. 3152 6.5 6.3 9.0 pv. 3152 4.2 5.6 ie p.v. 3152 5.3 4.2 Tes) p.v. 3152 4.7 6.3 ep? p.v. 3152 4.6 3.9 4.6 p.v. 3152 Se5 4.1 4.8 p.v. 3152 4.0 5.0 6.5 p.v. 3152 _ 8.1 6.8 p.v. 3152 aa 4.9 8.4 p.v. S152 _ 8.2 8.5 p.v. 3152 ~ 6.3 8.1 p.v. 3152 = 4.5 6.1 D.v. 3152 _ 3) 5.9 p.v. 3152 eat 5.1 6.1 DV. 3i'52 2.9 3.4 p.v. riferoides it is concave to spoon-shaped, almost quad- rilobed in appearance. Cooper (1944, p. 333, pl. 127, figs. 39-43) illustrated Athyris spiriferoides from the Upper Hamilton Group of New York; this form differs from the Onondaga species in its larger size (more than 38 mm in width), shallower sockets and pedicle muscle field with straight lateral margins. Hall (1867, p. 288) noted that the lowest range of Athyris spiriferoides is in the Onondaga (= Corniferous) Limestone and it becomes abundant in the Hamilton. This is entirely possible since I have observed specimens /n situ (but not recoverable) in the field which more closely resem- ble Athyris spiriferoides but do not grade morpholog- ically into Athyris leoni. These shells were seen in the mid-Hudson Valley but not in western New York, thus conforming with Hall’s observation (1867, p. 288) that Athyris spiriferoides occurs in Albany and Schoharie counties but is rarely seen in equivalent rocks in the western part of the state. Athyris vittata from the Hamilton Group (AMNH 37503) differs from Athyris leoni in its ovate to subquadrate outline, strong pedicle sulcus and brachial fold and generally smaller size. Hall and Clarke (1894, p. 777, pl. 35, figs. 1-3) illustrated Athyris vittata from the Hamilton Group which distinctly differs from the Onondaga shells in that it has a trilobate cardinal pro- cess. Etymology. —After Dr. Leon A. Feldman, Professor Emeritus, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey. Material. —Two pedicle valves, two brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Athyris sp. A Plate 5, figure 24 Description. —This shell differs somewhat in outline and convexity from known athyrid species. The car- dinal process is typically raised and concave, with bounding lateral ridges. The sockets are short, deeply excavated and no muscle impression preserved. Material. —One brachial valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3153. Subfamily MERISTELLINAE Waagen, 1883 Genus MERISTINA Hall, 1867 Type species. — Meristella maria Hall, 1863, p. 212. Meristina cf. nasuta (Conrad, 1842) Plate 5, figures 25-31 Atrypa nasuta Conrad, 1842, p. 265. Meristella nasuta (Conrad, 1842), Hall, 1860, p. 93; Hall. 1867, p. 299, pl. 48, figs. 1-25; Fagerstrom, 1961, p. 33, pl. 11, figs. 1-4; Shimer and Shrock, 1944, p. 333, pl. 127, figs. 26, 27. Meristina nasuta Boucot and Johnson, 1968, pp. B13-B14, pl. 4, figs. 26-43; Fagerstrom, 1971, p. 38, pl. 4, fig. 1; Feldman, 1985, p. 332, fig. 39. Description. Pedicle valve exterior.— Pedicle valve medium-sized (Table 16), strongly convex, pyriform in outline; most specimens (17 of 19) incomplete to some extent, usu- ally lacking anterior commissure; no brachial valves in collection; maximum width just anterior to mid- length; open, triangular delthyrium and incomplete pedicle foramen due to lack of preservation of any delthyrial covering or plate; no articulated shells avail- able for study so exact shape of the foramen is unknown but, appears to have been small and circular; beak erect to slightly incurved; no interarea and no indication of a sulcus in any shells studied, however, on one spec- imen growth lines near anterior commissure developed pointed tonguelike projection anteriorly similar to Boucot and Johnson’s (1968, p. B13) shells from Bois Blanc Formation on which anterior commissure ex- tended into increasingly greater prolongation; irregu- larly spaced, numerous growth lines, increasing in number anteriorly; on most shells no growth lines ev- ident due to lack of preservation and weak silicifica- tion. Pedicle valve interior. — Hinge teeth small and range in shape from elongate subpyriform to crescent shaped, with convex part of cresent projecting laterally; sup- ported by thin dental lamellae that converge, often strongly, toward valve floor and then again diverge laterally at posterolateral boundary of muscle field; posterior region of shell, especially in adults, has been thickened by secondary shell material; diductor scars strongly impressed on valve floor in form of subtrian- NEw YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN ALF gular outline with radial striae; center of muscle field in one specimen (AMNH 44236) has medial depres- sion; anterior boundary of muscle field is well-defined in most shells, but in some grades imperceptibly into valve floor; adult shells with secondary deposition show acute angle between muscle impressions and base of dental lamellae; although on some shells muscle im- pressions weak, there are none with no scars at all. Discussion. — Differentiation between Meristina and Meristella is difficult without preservation of the ju- gum. Boucot ef a/. (1964, p. 820) established the genus Meristina based on the nature of the dental lamellae and the muscle field configuration. They noted that there is some variation in large suites of the genus, particularly those containing large shells, in that some are found with the dental lamellae obsolete and others completely lack the bounding ridges adjacent to the muscle scar. These authors and Hall (1867) noted the resemblance of “‘Meristella” nasuta to Meristina. Bow- en (1967, p. 35) noted that in Meristella the dental plates are characteristically short, whereas those in Me- ristina are long. The dental plates in the Onondaga specimens are shorter than those in various species of Meristella studied. The muscle field is not restricted to the region between the dental lamellae, as in M. nasuta from the Detroit River Group (Fagerstrom, 1971, p. 37). According to Amsden and Ventress (1963, p. 123), Meristella is characterized by deeply impressed muscle scars with the dental lamellae becoming ob- scure in mature shells by the deposition of secondary shell material. This is not the case in the Onondaga shells where the dental lamellae are quite distinct even though there is secondary shell deposition. Based on overall morphology and the fact that the genus Meristi- na 1s found in the underlying Bois Blanc Formation (Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B13), the Onondaga shells are placed in the genus Meristina until more material, especially brachial interiors, becomes avail- able for study. Boucot and Johnson (1968, p. B13) described Meris- tina nasuta from the Bois Blanc Formation of western New York and note that it has a faint sulcus on the pedicle valve, but is modified by the development of a low, rounded, medial plication that effectively ex- tends the anterior commissure into increasingly greater prolongation on the larger specimens. The Onondaga shells lack this sulcus and medial plication. Also, Me- ristina cf. nasuta from the Onondaga has a slightly more elongate and less broad delthyrium and 1s some- what smaller in size. Meristina cf. nasuta from the Onondaga of the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, p. 332, fig. 39) is similar to the shells described herein; both are convex, elongate, have no interareas, and one of the shells (AMNH 39900) has concentric growth lamellae along the internal margins. Meristella nasuta described by Shimer and Shrock (1944, p. 333, pl. 127, figs. 26, 27) is considerably larger, with a more rounded beak region than the Onondaga shells. Their articu- lated specimen precludes comparison of pedicle inte- riors. Meristina haskinsi from the Hamilton Group of Canandaigua Lake, New York (NYSM 1552) differs from the Onondaga shells in the following respects: [1] there is no secondary shell material and consequently the shell is rather thin, [2] the muscle scars are barely impressed on the (pedicle) valve floor, [3] the outline in plan view is suboval rather than subpyriform, [4] the dental lamellae are longer, [5] the shell is faintly sulcate, and [6] the delthyrium is smaller and wider. Meristella princeps from the Port Ewen Limestone, Gross Quarry, Rondout, New York (NYSM E2850) approximates Meristina nasuta in size and general morphology but differs in having considerably less prominent dental lamellae. Meristella lentiformis from the Glenerie Limestone, Glenerie, New York (NYSM E2900; USNM 163805-6 [Dutro, 1971, pl. 1, figs. 1- 4]) has a much shallower pedicle valve and is trans- versely elliptical in outline while Meristina lata from the same formation (NYSM E2902) has much more secondary shell material in the posterior region of the pedicle valve which resorb, to some extent, the dental lamellae, has a more flaring muscle field and is more convex in lateral profile. (See also Amsden and Ven- tress, 1963, p. 120, pl. X, figs. 17-23.) Material. —30 pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3153. Meristina? sp. Plate 5, figures 32-34; Plate 6, figures 1-2 Description. — Valves assigned to genus based on size (AMNH 44237, L = 26.9 mm [est.], W = 29.4 mm; AMNH 44238, L = 30.5 mm, W = 29.0 mm [est.]) and morphology. Shells deeply concave, with small, round pedicle foramen and small triangular delthyr- um; one specimen has faint sulcus; two specimens have numerous concentric growth lines; critical morpholog- ical structures such as muscle scars, dental lamellae and jugum not preserved: pedicle beaks not as prom- inent as in Meristina nasuta. Material. —Four pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3154. Genus CHARIONOIDES Boucot, Johnson and Staton, 1964 Type species. —Meristella doris Hall, 1860, p. 84. Charionoides doris (Hall, 1860) Plate 6, figures 3-6 Meristella doris Hall, 1860, p. 84. 28 BULLETIN 346 Charionoides aff. C. doris Boucot, Johnson and Staton, 1964, p. 817, pl. 127, figs. 14-20. Charionoides doris Boucot, 1973, p. 64, pl. 20, figs. 14-22; Feldman, 1985, p. 335, fig. 40. Description.—Two specimens available for study: AMNH 44239 (L = 12.5 mm, W = 9.3 mm, T = 7.2 mm); AMNH 44240 (L = 10.5 mm, W = 8.7 mm, T = 5.0 mm). One shell biconvex and the other ventri- biconvex; both pyriform to almost almond shaped in outline; maximum width attained approximately two- thirds distance from beak; beak region damaged and incomplete; palintrope poorly defined and slightly con- vex; neither fold nor sulcus present although in one specimen (AMNH 44239) anterior commissure slight- ly plicate; no growth lines evident. Discussion. —These shells differ from Charionoides doris of the Onondaga Limestone in Williamsville, New York (NYSM 1546), only in their lack of growth lines, which may be due to exfoliation and weathering. Material. —Two articulated shells. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Genus PENTAGONIA Cozzens, 1846 Type species.—Atrypa unisulcata Conrad, 1841, p. 56. Pentagonia unisulcata (Conrad, 1841) Plate 6, figures 7-13 Atrypa unisulcata Conrad, 1841, p. 56. Atrypa uniangulata Hall, 1861, p. 101. Meristella? unisulcata (Conrad) Hall, 1862, p. 158, pl. 2, figs. 17, 20-23 (not figs. 19, 24, 25). Meristella (Penatgonia) unisulcata (Conrad) Hall, 1867, p. 309, pl. 50, figs. 18-29 (not figs. 30-35). Non Meristella unisulcata (Conrad) Nettleroth, 1889, p. 99, pl. 15, figs. 9-16. Non Pentagonia unisulcata (Conrad) Savage, 1930, pp. 47, 50, 53, 62; 1931, p. 242, pl. 30, figs. 17, 18. Pentagonia unisulcata (Conrad) Stauffer, 1915, p. 104, 245 (not pp. 160, 171, 175, 234); Goldring, 1935, p. 148, figs. 53B—D; Butts, 1941, pl. 115, figs. 17-21, 35; Cooper, 1944, p. 333, pl. 127, fig. 37; Dutro, 1971, pp. 187-188, figs. 3, 5; Feldman, 1985, pp. 335- 337, fig. 41. Description. Exterior. —Shells range from small to medium-sized (Table 17), nonstrophic, impunctate and pentagonal in outline with suberect beak; shells dorsibiconvex with greatest width attained about two-thirds to three-fourths shell length; raised, rounded fold bearing narrow me- dian groove gives brachial valve cariniform appear- ance; groove originates at umbo and widens anteriorly, almost imperceptibly in one specimen, forming two subparallel ridges which end at anterior commissure; concave flanks drop steeply adaxially away from sul- cate fold; pedicle valve bears broad sulcus that widens anteriorly; defining sulcus laterally are two ridges that extend from umbo across posterolateral margins of flanks to uniplicate anterolateral commissure; numer- ous, concentric growth lines evenly spaced on entire shell surface; on larger shells growth lines are coarser towards anterior third of the shell. Pedicle valve interior. — Hinge teeth short, blunt and supported by strong dental lamellae at base of which is deposited secondary shell material; muscle field broad, flabelliform. Discussion. —Due to lack of brachial interiors and relatively poor internal preservation, detailed com- parisons must be deferred at this time. The Genesee Valley shells however, are identical to Pentagonia uni- sulcata recovered from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feld- man, 1985, fig. 41). P. unisulcata from the Genesee Valley is smaller than Pentagonia peersi (Dutro, 1971, pl. 1, figs. 9-12; pl. 2, figs. 1-3, 5-12) and larger than the subovate P. /enta (Dutro, 1971, pl. 1, figs. 5-8; pl. 2, fig. 4). Material. —Five articulated shells, two pedicle valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Family NUCLEOSPIRIDAE Davidson, 1881 Genus NUCLEOSPIRA Hall, 1859 Type species. —Spirifer ventricosa Hall, 1857, p. 57. Nucleospira ventricosa (Hall, 1857) Plate 6, figures 14-23 Spirifer ventricosa Hall, 1857, p. 57, not figs. 1, 2. Nucleospira ventricosa Hall, 1859, pp. 220-221, pl. 14, figs. la—h, pl. 28B, figs. 2-9; Hall and Clarke, 1894, pl. 48, figs. 2-6, 18; Weller, 1903, p. 209, pl. 30, figs. 19-22; Schuchert, 1913, p. 430, pl. 73, figs. 10-12; Bowen, 1967, pp. 37-38, pl. 5, figs. 16-17. Nucleospira sp. Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. H14, pl. 5, figs. 1-11. Nucleospira aff. ventricosa Feldman, 1985, pp. 337-339, fig. 42. Description. Exterior.—Biconvex shells small (Table 18) and transversely suboval in outline with curved hingeline; pedicle and brachial beaks erect with concave pseu- dodeltidium covering delthyrium in a few specimens; one large adult shell has short, extremely narrow and shallow pedicle sulcus, with corresponding brachial fold; all other shells lack sulcus and fold; although radial ornamentation lacking there are concentric growth lines present concentrated towards rectimar- ginate anterior commissure. Pedicle valve interior.— Hinge teeth small, pointed dorsally, unsupported by dental lamellae; delthyrium enclosed by concave pseudodeltidium; very low, thin median septum, most prominent in posterior half of valve, extends almost entire valve length beginning in umbonal cavity; muscle scars not preserved. Brachial valve interior. — Cardinal process relatively large with anterior margin corrugated such that it looks New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 29 Table 17.— Measurements (in mm) of Pentagonia unisulcata (Con- rad, 1841). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. Table 18.— Measurements (in mm) of Nucleospira ventricosa (Hall, 1857). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Ab- breviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 8.6 11.0 Se a.v. 3152 87 9.4 5.3 a.v. 3152 14.1 17.3 9.0 a.v. 3152 8.3 8.7 4.7 av. 3152 — 20.7 11.3 dh a.v. 3152 7.6 7.9 4.5 alys 3152 14.7 20.9 9.8 a.v. 3152 8.0 7.5 4.5 av. 3152 4.8 5.3 2.8 a.v. : : ; 3152 8.8 8.7 4.6 a.v. like an ‘““M” in plan view; medial surface of cardinal 3152 10.1 103 61 Aes process is scyphiform with lateral margins converging 3152 8.7 84 53 er posteriorly such that apex of cardinal process is deeper 3152 7.4 7.0 4.9 a.v. than anterior region; sockets shallow but appear to be als? 8.5 8.7 5.5 ay. deep due to raised cardinal process; muscle impres- ee es oe ae NG sions, poorly preserved in only one specimen, consists 3152 67 70 37 a of two slightly diverging striae (about 25 degrees) bi- 3152 5.8 6.8 3.2 rae sected by low myophragm; anterior border of muscle 3152 8.0 G3 4.1 a.v. field extends to about 30% of valve length. Se 6.4 7.0 3.3 a.v. Discussion. —These shells are identical to those col- he ae ae te at lected from AMNH locs. 3137 and 3138A in the mid- 3152 95 10.0 5.0 ae Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, fig. 42). Nucleospira 3152 6.9 79 A ara ventricosa from the Keyser Limestone (Bowen, 1967, 3152 8.9 9.6 5.4 a.v. p. 37, pl. 5, figs. 16-27) differs only in the shape of the ate gS 8.5 5.1 av. cardinal process which may be due to intraspecific vari- 4 es Be ae ee ee ation (see Feldman, 1985, p. 338 for further discus- 3152 14 71 en oo sion). 3152 7.0 7125 3.7 av. Specimens of Nucleospira ventricosa from the New 3152 ei} 7.8 4.2 av. Scotland Formation and equivalents (Cooper, 1944, p. ate 7.8 8.1 ne a.v. 331, pl. 127, figs. 8, 9) have a somewhat different car- Si es ne me dinal process in that they are subovate in outline. Nu- 3152 94 8 6 55 ae cleospira sp. from the Bois Blanc Formation (Boucot 3152 6.6 6.9 307 av. and Johnson, 1968, p. B14, pl. 5, figs. 1-11) is mor- 3152 7.3 9.3 4.8 a.v. phologically identical to the Genesee Valley shells. 3153 10.4 10.7 6.7 av. : i. 3153 9.1 9.4 5.6 a.v. Specimens of Nucleospira aff. ventricosa from the Moose Ane SA on ie ee River Synclinorium, Maine (Boucot, 1973, p. 64, pl. 3153 10.8 12.5 77 ees 20, figs. 23-27), are too poorly preserved to be certain 3153 9.6 10.6 5.3 av. that they are indeed ventricosa, mainly because the cardinal process is not well preserved (see fig. 25); in all other respects they are identical to the Onondaga shells. Material. —80 articulated shells, 11 pedicle valves, three brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153, 3154. Family RETZIIDAE Waagen, 1883 Genus TREMATOSPIRA Hall, 1859 Type species. —Trematospira gibbosa Hall, 1859, p. DiD: Trematospira gibbosa Hall, 1859 Plate 6, figures 24-33 Trematospira gibbosa Hall, 1859, p. 272, pl. 45, figs. 7-15; Shimer and Shrock, 1944, p. 361, pl. 141, figs. 21-24. Description. — Of four (articulated) specimens in the collection (three are silicified) one is biconvex, the sec- ond unequally biconvex with pedicle valve about twice as convex as brachial valve, the third crushed and the fourth with only a trace of the pedicle valve; shells transversely subelliptical in outline, rostrate, with sub- erect beak; pedicle foramen mesothyridid; deltidium, partially obscured by incurved brachial umbo, covers delthyrium; maximum width attained at approxi- mately midlength; pedicle valve bears distinct sulcus which becomes more clearly defined anteriorly, while brachial valve has corresponding, though somewhat less defined, fold; ornamentation consists of strong, angular, chevron-like costae, usually nine on brachial 30 BULLETIN 346 Table 19.— Measurements (in mm) of Trematospira gibbosa Hall, 1859 and T. camura (Hall, 1850). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen (L) (L) AMNH loc. type p.y. by. T. gibbosa S152 a.v. 9.4 8.2 3152 a.v. 10.4 8.9 3152 a.v.d 8.5 18) 3153 a.v.d = 10.1 T. camura NYSM E1890 av. 8.4 7.4 NYSM E1890 a.v. 7.4 6.9 NYSM E1890 a.v. 8.7 6.9 NYSM E1890 a.v. 6.1 5.9 valve and 10 on pedicle valve; pedicle sulcus bears two costae while three are found on fold; two costae in sulcus distinctly smaller than others on pedicle valve exterior, especially the two adjacent to the sulcus; an- terior commissure uniplicate and crenulated by costae. Discussion. — Trematospira camura from the Roch- ester Shale, Lockport, New York (NYSM E1890), is biconvex, less gibbous and has less prominent costae (Table 19). Trematospira multistriata from the New Scotland Limestone, Schoharie County, New York (NYSM E2786) is considerably larger (L = 20.8 mm, W = 26.4 mm [pedicle valve]), more finely costate and has a broader, shallower sulcus. Trematospira multi- striata from the Oriskany Sandstone of Becraft Moun- tain, Hudson, New York (NYSM I[2122), is more gib- bous and robust than 7rematospira gibbosa. Specimens of Trematospira sp. from the Glenerie Formation just south of Glenerie, New York are medium-sized (av- erage of two pedicle valves: L = 14.7 mm, W = 19.5 mm; average of 2 brachial valves: L = 13.2 mm, W = 19.0 mm), and possess more costae (14-15 per pedicle valve; 16-17 per brachial valve); this gives the ap- pearance of being more finely costate than 7rematos- pira gibbosa. These shells however, lack a distinct sul- cus and fold. Johnson (1970, pp. 179-181, pl. 52, figs. 8-25) de- scribed Trematospira perforata from the Great Basin of Nevada and noted that Trematospira multistriata is arelated species from the Helderberg Group of New York. The specimens of Trematospira perforata from Nevada range in shape from elongate suboval to pyr- iform in juveniles to transversely suboval in adults. The ornamentation differs from Trematospira gibbosa in that the costae are finer, more numerous (about 30 on USNM 157151 [brachial valve]) and display a greater degree of bifurcation (evident on T. gibbosa only at the lateral margins). One specimen of Tre- matospira perforata (NYSM E2862, L = 12.2 mm, W number of plications (W) (T) p.y. by. sulcus fold 11.0 5.9 10 9 2) 3 10.5 7.1 10 9 2 3 9.0 = 9 9 2 3 11.9 ~ — 9 - 3 11.2 4.9 13 15 2 2 8.7 5.6 11 10 2 2 11.0 5.0 13 14 2 5 8.2 4.2 10 10 2 3 = 15.4 mm [brachial valve]) from the Port Ewen Lime- stone in Rondout, New York, has 20 costae on the brachial valve which also increase by bifurcation at the lateral margins of larger ones. Another specimen of Trematospira perforata from the New Scotland For- mation of Becraft Mountain, Hudson, New York (NYSM 12125) is not as alate as Trematospira gibbosa and has six costae in the sulcus. Material. —20 articulated shells. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Order SPIRIFERIDA Waagen, 1883 Superfamily DELTHYRIDACEA Phillips, 1841 Family DELTHYRIDIDAE Phillips, 1841 Subfamily DELTHYRINAE Phillips, 1841 Genus ACROSPIRIFER Helmbrecht and Wedekind, 1923 Type species. —Spirifer primaevus Steininger, 1853, by subsequent designation of Wedekind, 1926, p. 202. Acrospirifer duodenaria (Hall, 1843) Plate 7, figures 1-4 Delthyris duodenaria Hall, 1843, p. 171, fig. 5. Spirifer duodenaria Hall, 1867, p. 189, pls. 27, 28; Landes, Ehlers and Stanley, 1945, pl. 12, fig. 4. Hysterolites (Acrospirifer) worthenanus? Amsden in Amsden and Ventress, 1963, p. 182, pl. 16, figs. 1-4, 6-8, 11-16, 5?, 9?, 10? Acrospirifer duodenaria Boucot and Johnson, 1968, pp. B14—15, pl. 5. figs. 12-39; Feldman, 1985, pp. 341-342, fig. 46. Description. Exterior. — Four fairly well preserved but incomplete silicified specimens are available for study and serve as the basis for the following description. Shells trans- versely subelliptical in outline with straight hingeline at which point maximum width attained; pedicle in- terarea low, narrow, apsacline and bears open del- thyrium; brachial interarea apsacline and very narrow; New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 31 triangular, smooth sulcus originates in umbonal area on pedicle valve; corresponding flattened fold found on brachial valve; four rounded plications with U-shaped interspaces found on each pedicle valve flank while brachial valve bears five plications on each flank; one faint growth line evident on brachial valve exte- rior; no fine radial ornamentation preserved. Pedicle valve interior. — Hinge teeth short, blunt and unsupported by dental lamellae; area just below and posterior to teeth somewhat thickened; valve floor crenulated due to impress of plications. Brachial valve interior. — Notothyrial cavity chipped and incompletely preserved in all three brachial valves in the collection; no evidence of cardinal process, nor muscle scars; sockets short, deeply excavated, almost tear drop shaped and laterally directed; short, stubby crural bases which join inner margins of sockets evi- dent in one specimen; valve floor crenulated due to impress of plications. Discussion. — The Genesee Valley shells are identical to those collected from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feld- man, 1985, pp. 341-342, fig. 46) but are not quite as well preserved. The occurrence of Acrospirifer duode- naria in western New York supports Hall’s (1867, pp. 189-190) claim that the species is known throughout ‘all the extent of the formation within the state.” Acrospirifer murchisoni described by Boucot (1973, pp. 41-46, pl. 16, figs. 19-25) from the Moose River Synclinorium, Maine, differs in its larger size and wider pedicle interarea. Acrospirifer atlanticus, also described by Boucot (1973, pp. 46-47, pl. 17, figs. 1-9), is larger and more alate. Boucot et al. (1970, p. 14, pl. 4, figs. 22-26) illus- trated a form of Acrospirifer? sp. from the Green Pond Outlier that is considerably less transverse in outline. Johnson (1970, pp. 189-190, pl. 56, figs. 5-13; pl. 57, figs. 1-6) described Acrospirifer aff. murchisoni from the Great Basin, Nevada, that is less alate, more trans- versely suboval and commonly has six plications on the pedicle flank. Material. —One pedicle valve, three brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Family MUCROSPIRIFERIDAE Pitrat, 1965 Subfamily MUCROSPIRIFERINAE Boucot, 1959 Genus MUCROSPIRIFER Grabau, 1931 Type species. — Delthyris mucronatus Conrad, 1841, p. 54. Mucrospirifer? sp. Plate 7, figures 5—6 Description. —A single silicified brachial valve is as- signed to Mucrospirifer sp. based on the following de- scription. Shell large (L = 22 mm [est.]; W = 57 mm Table 20.— Measurements (in mm) of Alatiformia? sp. See Sys- tematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 8.8 9.1 6.1 a.v. 3152 10.7 18.6 d S25 a.v. 3152 8.1 15.2 dh 4.1 a.v. [est.]), strongly mucronate (although missing lateral ex- tremities) with prominent, low fold with slight con- cavity evident originating in umbonal region and wid- ening and deepening anteriorly; 21—23 rounded costae crossed by two prominent growth lines; finer, numer- ous growth lines visible under low (10) magnifica- tion, particularly on fold; sockets fairly long, U-shaped, widely divergent; cardinal process represented by low concavity to the sides of which extend narrow, concave (anacline) interarea; muscle field narrowly triangular, widening anteriorly and bisected by low, rounded my- ophragm which merges imperceptibly with valve floor at about midlength; interior of valve floor crenulated due to impress of costae. Material.—One brachial valve. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Genus ALATIFORMIA Struve, 1963 Type species. —Spirifer alatiformis Drevermann, 1907, p. 126. Alatiformia? sp. Plate 7, figures 7-9 Description. —Shells small (Table 20), alate, trans- verse in outline, with flat striated interareas that were moderately high before compaction; delthyrium cov- ered by chert, hence no deltidial plates evident; pedicle valve bears well-defined deep sulcus while brachial valve bears corresponding sharp, flat-topped fold; there are seven to eight costae covering each flank, crossed by numerous growth lamellae, clearly evident in sulcus and on fold; ornamentation identical to that of A/ati- formia varicosus (Hall) (USNM 51202) from the ““On- ondaga”’ Limestone in Clarke County, Indiana. Mor- phology conforms to genus as described by Struve (1964, pp. 326-328). Material. —Three articulated shells. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Genus MEDIOSPIRIFER Bublichenko, 1956 Type species. — Delthyris medialis Hall, 1843, p. 208. Mediospirifer sp. A Plate 7, figures 10-15 Description. Exterior.—Shells incomplete anteriorly, but defi- 32 BULLETIN 346 nitely transverse; largest pedicle valve very long mak- ing outline almost semicircular; pedicle valve has char- acteristic high, very slightly concave interarea covered with lateral striae; delthyrium triangular with adjacent ridge indicating presence of delthyrial plates; well-de- veloped shallow sulcus with about 20 fine costae, sep- arated by narrow U-shaped interspaces, covering ped- icle flank; corresponding low fold on brachial exterior; occasional growth lamellae cross costae. Pedicle valve interior.— No hinge teeth evident but two distinct, strong dental lamellae present which di- verge at angle of about 55 degrees; muscle field, defined by base of dental plates, teardrop shaped; valve floor crenulated by impress of costae. Brachial valve interior. — Sockets shallow, widely di- vergent; no distinct cardinal process evident; valve floor crenulated by impress of costae. Discussion.—The shells more closely resemble Me- diospirifer fornaculus (Hall) from Watson Station, In- diana (USNM 232452) than do typical Mediospirifer audaculus from the Hamilton Group of New York, studied in Hall’s collection (AMNH), which have more widely divergent dental lamellae. The presence of den- tal lamellae supporting the hinge teeth rules out as- signment to Mucrospirifer, which lacks dental plates. Material. —Three pedicle valves, three brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH 3152. Mediospirifer? sp. B Plate 7, figures 16-20 Description. — Fine external ornamentation not well- preserved due to etching in acid; 13 rounded costae on each pedicle flank and 14 on each brachial flank; costae separated by shallow, almost V-shaped interspaces and crossed by numerous growth lines evident only adja- cent to pedicle sulcus; brachial valve bears correspond- ing flat-topped fold; both sulcus and fold originate in beak region; shell transverse, almost semicircular in outline and ventribiconvex in lateral profile; pedicle interarea flat (with some indications of lateral striae) except near beak where it becomes concave, and strongly apsacline; brachial interarea ribbon-like and appears to be anacline; delthyrium triangular and en- closes angle of approximately 40 degrees; narrow ridge along one delthyrial margin indicating existence of plate. Discussion. —Specimens of Mediospirifer audaculus (Conrad) (USNM 275323) from the Wanakah For- mation and M. fornaculus (Hall) (USNM 232542) from Watson Station, Indiana, have higher, flatter interar- eas, are more finely costate (17-25 costae per flank) and more robust than the Onondaga shell. The Onondaga shell resembles Spinocyrtia “eury- teines” from the Middle Devonian Silica Formation (UMMP 61090A, B, C) but differs in its smaller size, more mucronate alae and greater length. Material. —One articulated shell. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3153. Subfamily KOZLOWSKIELLININAE Boucot, 1957 Genus KOZLOWSKIELLINA Boucot, 1958 Type species. —Kozlowskiella strawi Boucot, 1957, p. 318. (= KOZLOWSKIELLA Boucot, 1957) Subgenus MEGAKOZLOWSKIELLA Boucot, 1957 Type species. —Spirifer perlamellosus Hall, 1857, p. 57 Megakozlowskiella raricosta (Conrad, 1842) Plate 7, figures 21-26 Spirifer perlamellosus Hall, 1857, p. 57. Delthyris raricosta Conrad, 1842, p. 262, pl. 14, fig. 18. Spirifer raricosta Hall, 1867, p. 192, pl. 27, figs. 30-34; pl. 30, figs. 1-9. Kozlowskiella (Megakozlowskiella) raricosta Boucot, 1957, pl. 3, figs. 18, 19. Megakozlowskiella cf. raricosta Johnson, 1970, p. 204, pl. 70, figs. 26-28. Megakozlowskiella raricosta Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B16, pl. 6, figs. 7-15; Feldman, 1985, pp. 345-349, figs. 51, 52. Description. —Shells medium-sized (Table 21), sub- transverse in outline, strophic and ventribiconvex; hingeline straight with maximum width usually reached at or just anterior to hingeline, but in some shells max- imum width occurs at midlength; pedicle interarea ex- posed on articulated shells very narrow and apsacline, but on free pedicle valves wide and concave; narrow brachial interarea concealed by overhanging pedicle umbo; pedicle valve bears strong U-shaped sulcus while brachial valve bears corresponding, somewhat flat- tened fold; both sulcus and fold originate in umbonal area; commonly three plications on flanks of both valves that become narrower laterally; between plications are U-shaped interspaces; delthyrium, including an angle of about 60 degrees, open on all specimens, but on two shells there are ridges on sides of delthyrium which may be indicative of plates; anterior commissure uni- plicate; strong, concentric growth lines possess anterior frills (numbering five to 13 per 5 mm) in well-preserved specimens; three juveniles have unusually large num- ber of plications (eight pedicle valve, nine brachial valve) which leads me to suspect that as ontogeny pro- gresses some lateral plications lost; adults, as a rule, have a maximum of six plications. Pedicle valve interior.—Small, pointed hinge teeth supported by thin dental lamellae that diverge medially New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 33 from their point of attachment adjacent to median septum, in posterior portion of valve; thin median septum incomplete but appears to have been fairly high, extending half the length of valve; no muscle scars preserved; crenulations of plicae impressed on valve floor. Brachial valve interior.—Cardinal process bilobed and longitudinally striated; deeply excavated dental sockets are U-shaped, widening out anteriorly; outer socket ridges smooth and diverge at angle of about 30 degrees; crural plates small and somewhat concave, extending anteroventrally short distance from noto- thyrial platform; no muscle scars preserved; interior of valve strongly corrugated reflecting impress of pli- cations. Discussion. —The shells are identical with those col- lected in the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, figs. 51, 52) but not as well preserved. Megakozlowskiella magnapluera from the Great Basin, Nevada (Johnson, 1970, p. 202, pl. 71, figs. 1-19) is more subquadrate in outline and has fewer plications. Megakozlowskiella raricosta was described by Hall (1867, p. 192, pl. 27, figs. 30-34; pl. 30, figs. 1-9) from the Schoharie Grit (Helderberg Mountains and Schoharie, New York) and the Onondaga Limestone at Stafford, Caledonia and Williamsville (western New York). He also reported occurrences at Columbus, Ohio, Falls of the Ohio, and Canada West. Material. —26 articulated shells, 34 pedicle valves, 16 brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153. Subfamily PARASPIRIFERINAE Pitrat, 1965 Genus PARASPIRIFER Wedekind, 1926 Type species. —Spirifer cultrijugatus Roemer, 1844, p70! Paraspirifer? sp. Plate 7, figure 27 Description. —A large, robust spiriferid, suggestive of Paraspirifer, is embedded in a block of chert with one flank projecting out of the matrix. One-half of high fold evident and there is assumed to be corresponding deep sulcus. Shell silicified with 10 coarse radial costae on one flank of brachial valve and 3 on fold; the 4 costae closest to fold bifurcate; bifurcations more pro- nounced anteriorly but faint due to shell erosion; costae with U-shaped interspaces; shell closely resembles P. acuminatus from the Hamilton Group collected near Fultonham, Schoharie County, New York (AMNH 5171), but is smaller. P. acuminatus figured by God- efroid and Fagerstrom (1983) is almost identical to the shell illustrated here in terms of morphology and size. Table 21.— Measurements (in mm) of Megakozlowskiella raricosta (Conrad, 1842). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Mea- surement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. plications frills speci- AMNH No. men loc. (L) (W) (T) pv by 5mm __ type 3152 19.0d 30.0 12.3 6 = 9 a.v. 3152 7ES 21.4 18.2 4 5 5 a.v. 3152 19.0 25.0dh 11.9 4 5 9 a.v. 3152 ee 14.0 dh 5.0 8 9 9 a.v. 3152 14.8d 24.7 — 6 - 8 a.v. 3152 25.8 26.5 dh 16.2 6 5 13 a.v. 3152 _ 28.2 10.9 _ - 12 a.v. 3152 15:3 17.3 8.0 5 4 8 a.v. 3152 212 DES) 13.8 — 6 — a.v. Bilis 8.7 16.2 dh 6.0 8 9 Okt tava 3153 9.6 22.8 dh Ted, 20) 21 13 a.v. There are vague indications of concentric lamellae, but no granules are evident in this specimen. Material. —One articulated (?) shell. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3153. Family RETICULARIIDAE Waagen, 1883 Genus ELYTHA Frederiks, 1918 Type species. — Delthyris fimbriatus Conrad, 1842, p. 263. Elytha fimbriata (Conrad, 1842) Plate 7, figures 28-32; Plate 8, figures 1-3 Delthyris fimbriatus Conrad, 1842, p. 263. Spirifer fimbriata Hall, 1867, p. 214, pl. 33, figs. 1-21. Elytha sp. Boucot and Johnson, 1968, p. B18, pl. 7, figs. 1-5. Elytha fimbriata Goldring, 1943, p. 236, fig. 43J; Cooper, 1944, p. 327, pl. 126, figs. 1-3; Feldman, 1985, pp. 349-350, fig. 54. Description. Exterior.—Shells medium-sized (Table 22), ventri- biconvex with short hingeline; beak erect but short; maximum width attained at about midlength; pedicle interarea small, low and apsacline while brachial in- terarea represented by thin strip which appears to be apsacline; distinct shallow sulcus, originating in um- bonal region, found on pedicle valve while brachial valve bears corresponding low, rounded fold; low pli- cations, U-shaped in cross section, cover lateral slopes; more clearly developed on ephebic forms; plications separated by U-shaped interspaces; concentric growth lamellae cross plications becoming more numerous an- teriorly; each lamella bears single row of medially grooved spines (11-12 per 5 mm), up to 2.7 mm in length, most of which are lost due to abrasion; in spec- imens still enclosed in limestone matrix however, spines are visible (see pl. 8, fig. 3); anterior commissure un- iplicate. 34 BULLETIN 346 Table 22.—Measurements (in mm) of Elytha fimbriata (Conrad, 1842). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Ab- breviations and Subscripts for explanations. no. of AMNH plications specimen loc. (L) (W) (T) per flank type 3152 19.4 28.5 13.3 St a.v. 3152 PINS) 30.6 dh 15.4 7 a.v. 3152 18.3 26.2 15.1 6 a.v. 3152 23.0 32.9 14.9 6t a.v. 3152 18.4 22.4 9.8 St a.v. 3152 14.9 22.4 dh — 6 a.v. 3152 15.6 18.6 TES 6 a.v. 3152 17.8 27.0 WES - a.v. 3152 18.4 24.3 EZ _ a.v. 3152 14.0 20.8 -— — a.v. 3152 15.6 18.6 7s) — a.v. 3152 17.0 25.2 10.2 — a.v. 3152 14.8 18.1 6.9 — a.v. 3152 12.0 15.9 — — a.v. Pedicle valve interior.— Hinge teeth short, pointed, supported by dental lamellae which extend to valve floor and then anterolaterally; delthyrium open with no indication of modifying plates; low myophragm extends anteriorly from delthyrial cavity just under one-third valve length and passes through muscle field which is very faintly impressed by anteriorly directed striations; valve floor crenulated due to impress of pli- cations. Brachial valve interior.—Shallow sockets broaden and diverge anterolaterally; medially concave, broad crural plates partially adjoin valve floor but do not unite into a septalium; neither muscle field nor my- ophragm preserved, although in specimens collected from mid-Hudson Valley, adult forms possessed short, low myophragm; valve floor, especially anteriorly, crenulated by impress of plications. Discussion.—Elytha fimbriata described by Feld- man (1985, fig. 54) is identical to the Genesee Valley shells. Boucot and Johnson (1968, p. B18, pl. 7, figs. 1-5) described specimens of Elytha sp. from the Bois Blanc Formation; these were assigned by Feldman (1985, pp. 349-350) to Elytha fimbriata based on their oval shape, short hingeline, length of the myophragm and presence of dental lamellae. Hall reported the oc- currence of Elytha fimbriata from the Oriskany Sand- stone at Saugerties, New York, Knox in Albany Coun- ty, in the Schoharie Grit in Albany and Schoharie counties, and in the Onondaga Limestone in Cherry Valley, as well as at numerous other localities across the state and into Ohio. Material.—13 articulated shells, 30 pedicle valves, 18 brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Locs. 3152, 3153. Family AMBOCOELIIDAE George, 1931 Ambocoeliid indet. Plate 8, figures 4-6 Description. —Shell small (L = 6.4 mm; W = 7.3 mm; T = 4.3 mm), ventribiconvex, subcircular in out- line; both valve exteriors smooth, nonspinose, with no growth lamellae evident; pedicle valve bears narrow, shallow sulcus that originates in umbonal region and extends to slightly uniplicate anterior commissure; greatest width attained at about midlength; beak and interarea poorly preserved. Discussion. —The Onondaga shell is similar to Emanuella described by Goldman and Mitchell (1990, pp. 90-94) in its ventribiconvex shape and uniplicate anterior commissure, but differs in its lack of striations and large size. Ambocoelia (Goldman and Mitchell, 1990, p. 83) differs in that it is either planoconvex or concavoconvex and has a rectimarginate anterior com- missure. Crurispina, also described by Goldman and Mitchell (1990, pp. 95-96) is similar in size and shape (ventribiconvex) but is covered externally with nu- merous short spines. It is possible that the Onondaga specimen is a weathered Crurispina, but this seems unlikely as Goldman and Mitchell (1990, p. 95) noted that the normally spinous shell is pitted when exfoli- ated. Ambocoelia sp. from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, pp. 350-351, fig. 56) differs in its much higher pedicle valve. Material. —One articulated shell. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Superfamily CYRTINACEA Frederiks, 1912 [nom. trans. Johnson, 1966, (ex Cyrtininae Frederiks, 1912)] Family CYRTINIDAE Frederiks, 1912 Genus CYRTINA Davidson, 1858 Type species. —Cyrtia hamiltonensis Hall, 1857, p. 166. Cyrtina hamiltonensis (Hall, 1857) Plate 8, figures 7-10 Cyrtia hamiltonensis Hall, 1857, p. 166. Cyrtina hamiltonensis Hall, 1867, p. 268, pl. 27, figs. 1-4; pl. 44, figs. 26-33, 38-52; Grabau and Shimer, 1909, figs. 393a—c; Prosser and Kindle, 1913, pp. 185-187, pl. 17, fig. 109; Clarke and Swartz, 1913, pp. 591-592, pl. 56, figs. 1-3; Branson and Williams, 1924, p 149, pl. 19, figs. 5-8; Stewart, 1927, p. 43, pl. 3, figs. 27, 28; Goldring, 1935, figs. 62c, d; Stumm, 1942, pl. 81, figs. 7, 8; Ehlers, 1963, pp. 198-199, pl. 1, figs. 1-12; Feldman, 1985, pp. 351-353, figs. 57A-E. Cyrtina hamiltonensis var. recta Hall, 1867, p. 270, pl. 44, figs. 34— 37; Hall and Clarke, 1895, pl. 28, figs. 21, 22. Cyrtina hamiltoniae var. recta Hall, Nettleroth, 1889, p. 97, pl. 13, figs. 13-16. New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 35 Table 23.— Measurements (in mm) of Cyrtina hamiltonensis (Hall, 1857). See Systematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Ab- breviations and Subscripts for explanations. Table 24.—Measurements (in mm) of Cryptonella? sp. See Sys- tematic Paleontology: Introduction: Measurement Abbreviations and Subscripts for explanations. number of plications AMNH pe Scrape = SECIINEN loc. (L) (W) (T) dorsal ventral — type 3152 5.4 8.9 7.6 6 6 a.v. 3152 4.8 6.9 5:9 6 6 av. 3152 7.6 11.9 8.3 8 8 a.v. 3152 6.7 10.5 8.6 — 8 a.v. 3152 5.4 AS) 4.0 6 6 a.v. 3152 4.9 7.8 4.7 8 = a.v. 3152 1:9 9.4 7.0 6 6 a.v. 3152 6.1 10.0 Walk — - a.v. 3152 5.3 8.8 dh — 6 a.v. Description. Exterior.—Shells small (Table 23), ventribiconvex, hemipyramidal in outline; many slightly deformed due to compaction; maximum width attained just anterior to straight hingeline; pedicle interarea high, smooth and apsacline; delthyrium obscured in shells studied but appears to be covered by convex pseudodeltidium; smooth, moderately deep sulcus originating deep in umbonal region found on pedicle valve, while brachial valve bears corresponding fold; in some specimens concentric growth lamellae found concentrated near uniplicate anterior commissure. Brachial valve interior. —Sockets shallow, widely di- vergent; their outer boundary forms narrow interarea which overlaps socket posteriorly; cardinal process eroded posteriorly but appears to be bilobed, triangular in outline and supported by thickened secondary shell material rising from valve floor which is crenulated due to impress of plications; no muscle scars preserved. Discussion. —Cyrtina hamiltonensis from the Gen- esee Valley differs from Cyrtina hamiltonensis from the Traverse Group of Michigan (Keyes and Pitrat, 1978, pl. 1, figs. 11-15) only in that the Michigan specimens are essentially catacline. Cyrtina alpenensis alpenensis (Keyes and Pitrat, 1978, pl. 1, figs. 1-5) differs in that it has a smooth umbonal area, a character which separates it from all other species of Cyrtina in the Traverse Group. The specimens of Cyrtina ham- iltonensis recovered from the mid-Hudson Valley (Feldman, 1985, figs. 57A-E) are identical to those found in western New York. Cyrtina umbonata (Coo- per, 1944, pl. 140, figs. 40-42) is smaller and has a more incurved umbo. Cyrtina cf. varia Clarke, 1900 illustrated by Johnson (1970, pl. 73, figs. 1-14) has a shallower sulcus, more acute cardinal angles and is less semi-circular in dorsal view. Material. — 10 articulated shells, three pedicle valves, two brachial valves. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. specimen AMNH loc. (L) (W) (T) type 3152 15.9 11.5 4.6 a.v. 3152 15.8 12.3 6.6 a.v. i152 14.4 10.4 6.0 a.v. 3152 10.8 6.8 dh 3.9 a.v. 3152 11.8 - Se a.v. 3152 — 13.6 12.4 a.v. Cyrtina sp. A Plate 8, figure 11 Description. — A single highly compacted shell, much larger than Cyrtina hamiltonensis (L [brachial valve] = 10.3 mm, L [pedicle valve] = 18.6 mm, W = 16.4 mm) with 12 dorsal and 12 ventral plications, is as- signed to Cyrtina sp. A until more material becomes available for study. Material. —One articulated specimen. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Order TEREBRATULIDA Waagen, 1883 Suborder TEREBRATELLIDINA Muir-Wood, 1955 Superfamily CRYPTONELLACEA Thomson, 1926 [nom. trans. Stehli, 1965, ex Cryptonellinae Thomson, 1926, p. 529] Family CRYPTONELLIDAE Thomson, 1926 Genus CRYPTONELLA Hall, 1861 Type species. — Terebratula rectirostra Hall, 1860, p. 88. Cryptonella? sp. Plate 8, figures 12-17 Description. —Shells small (Table 24), smooth, elon- gate subpyriform to slightly subpentagonal in outline, biconvex to ventribiconvex and lenticular in profile; greatest width attained at about two-thirds valve length; anterior commissure ranges from rectimarginate to sul- cate; lateral margins rectimarginate but, in one speci- men, sinuate posteriorly; pedicle foramen permeso- thyridid; beak suberect to erect; delthyrium covered by conjunct deltidial plates, observable in only one specimen; no growth lamellae noticeable. Discussion.—The shells resemble Cryptonella rei- manni (Cloud, 1942, pp. 130-131, pl. 23, figs. 9-18) more than any other species, but differ in lack of growth lamellae, which may be due to exposure and exfolia- tion. Specific designation must be deferred until better material becomes available for study. 36 BULLETIN 346 Material. —Six articulated shells. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. Suborder TEREBRATULIDINA Waagen, 1883 Superfamily DIELASMATACEA Schuchert, 1913 Family CRANAENIDAE Cloud, 1942 Subfamily CRANAENINAE Cloud, 1942 Genus CRANAENA Hall and Clarke, 1893 Type species. — Terebratula romingeri Hall, 1863, p. 48. Cranaena? sp. Plate 8, figures 18-19 Description. —Shell small (L = 13.4 mm; W = 9.0 mm; T = 5.6 mm), smooth, covered by occasional faint growth lamellae and ventribiconvex; pedicle valve bears shallow sulcus which originates at about midlength, while brachial valve bears corresponding fold which seems to be present throughout its entire length, al- though right side of the brachial valve (when viewed dorsally) is compressed making differentiation of fold somewhat questionable; anterior commissure sulcate and lateral commissures sinuate posteriorly; beak sub- erect and foramen mesothyridid; delthyrium covered by dorsal umbo; deltidial plates not visible. Discussion. — Cranaena romingeri (Cloud, 1942, pp. 138-139, pl. 24, figs. 2-12) is smaller, more gibbous and subcircular to subovate in outline and has a rec- timarginate lateral commissure. The Genesee Valley shell more closely resembles Cranaena_ schucherti (Cloud, 1942, pp. 139-140, pl. 23, figs. 24-31; pl. 24, fig. 1) in its lenticular appearance and size. Material. —One articulated shell. Occurrence. —AMNH Loc. 3152. APPENDIX LOCALITIES CITED IN THIS REPORT AMNH Locality 3152. Extensive bedding plane exposure in eastern portion of abandoned quarry, immediately west of Perry Road, 1.2 km (0.7 miles) north of B & O Railroad tracks, 3.2 km (2.0 miles) northeast of bridge in Le Roy, Genesee County, New York; USGS Le Roy quadrangle, 7.5 minute series [topographic], N4/4 Caledonia 15’ quadrangle; Lower Moorehouse Member. AMNH Locality 3153. Small bedding plane exposures along south- eastern portion of active General Crushed Stone Co. quarry, 1m- mediately south of Honeoye Falls Road, 5.5 km (3.4 miles) east of intersection with U.S. Route 15, 5.5 km (3.4 miles) WSW of Honeoye Falls, Monroe County, New York; USGS Rush quadrangle, 7.5 min- ute series [topographic], NW/4 Honeoye 15’ quadrangle; Upper Moorehouse Member. AMNH Locality 3154. Scattered exposures at southwest corner of active quarry operated by Penfield Dolomite Company, immediately south of Gulf Road, 2.1 km (1.3 miles) east of Perry Road, Le Roy, Genesee County, New York; USGS Le Roy quadrangle (see above); Lower Moorehouse Member. REFERENCES CITED Amsden, T. W. 1964. Brachial plate structure in the brachiopod family Penta- meridae. Palaeontology, vol. 7, pp. 220-239. Amsden, T. W., and Ventress, W. P. S. 1963. Early Devonian brachiopods of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin, vol. 94, pp. 1-216. April, R., Selleck, B., and Altaner, S. 1984. Clay mineralogy of the Onondaga Limestone, central and western New York State. Northeastern Geology, vol. 6, pp. 83-87. Archiac, E. J. A. D. d’, and de Verneuil, M. E. 1842. On the fossils of the older deposits in the Rhenish Provinces, preceded by a general survey of the fauna of the Paleozoic rocks and followed by a tabular list of the organic remains of the Devonian System in Europe. Transactions of the Geological Society of London, vol. 6, pp. 303-410. Baird, G. C., and Brett, C. E. 1986. Submarine erosion on the dysaerobic seafloor: Middle De- vonian corrasional disconformities in the Cayuga Valley region. New York State Geological Association Field Trip Guidebook, Ithaca, New York, vol. 58, pp. 23-80. Bassett, M. G. 1974. The articulate brachiopods from the Wenlock Series of the Welsh Borderland and South Wales. Palaeontographical Society Monographs, vol. 128, pp. 79-122. Bengston, P. 1988. Open nomenclature. Palaeontology, vol. 31, pp. 223-227. Billings, E. 1860. Descriptions of some new species of fossils from the lower and middle Silurian rocks of Canada. Canadian Naturalist, vol. 5, pp. 49-69. 1874. Paleozoic fossils. Geological Survey of Canada, vol. 2, pp. 1-144. Boucot, A. J. 1957. Revision of some Silurian and Early Devonian spiriferid genera and erection of Kozlowskiellinae, new subfamily. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, vol. 38, pp. 311-334. 1958. Kozlowskiellina, new name for Kozlowskiella Boucot, 1957. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 32, p. 1030. 1959. Brachiopods of the Lower Devonian rocks at Highland Mills, New York. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 33, pp. 727-769. 1973. Early Paleozoic brachiopods of the Moose River Syncli- norium, Maine. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Pa- per, vol. 784, pp. 1-81. Boucot, A. J., and Harper, C. W. 1968. Silurian to Lower Middle Devonian Chonetacea. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 42, pp. 143-176. Boucot, A. J., and Johnson, J. G. 1967. Species and distribution of Coelospira (Brachiopoda). Jour- nal of Paleontology, vol. 41, pp. 1226-1241. 1968. Brachiopods of the Bois Blanc Formation in New York. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 584—B, pp. |- Dil New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 357/ Boucot, A. J., Gauri, K. L., and Southard, J. 1970. Silurian and Lower Devonian brachiopods, structure and stratigraphy of the Green Pond Outlier in southeastern New York. Palaeontographica, vol. 135, pp. 1-59. Boucot, A. J., Johnson, J. G., and Staton, R. D. 1964. On some atrypoid, retizoid and athyridoid brachiopods. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 38, pp. 805-822. Bowen, Z. P. 1967. Brachiopods of the Keyser Limestone (Silurian-Devonian) of Maryland and adjacent areas. Geological Society of America Memoir vol. 102, pp. 1-103. Branson, E. B., and Williams, J. S. 1924. Fauna of the Devonian of southeastern Missouri, in The Devonian of Missouri, vol. 17, pp. 130-165, Branson, E. B. [ed.], Missouri Bureau of Geology and Mines, ser. 2, 17, 279 pp. Breger, C. L. 1906. On Eodevonaria, a new subgenus of Chonetes. American Journal of Science, vol. 22, pp. 534-536. Bronn, H. G. 1862. Die Klassen und Ordnungen der Weichthiere (Malacozoa), vol. 3, pp. 1-518. Bublichenko, N. L. 1956. Nekotorye novyi predstaviteli brakhiopod Devona i Kar- bona Rudnogo Altaya i Sary-arka, Akademiia Nauk Ka- zakhskoy SSR. Izvestiya. Seria Geologicheskaya, vol. 23, pp. 93-104. Buch, L. von 1834. Uber terebrateln. Akademie Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Ab- handlungen, Jahrgang 1833, Physikalische Klasse, pp. 21- 144. Butts, C. 1941. Geology of the Appalachian Valley in Virginia, part II. Fossils, plates and explanations. Virginia Geological Sur- vey, Bulletin, vol. 52, pp. 1-271. Caster, K. E. 1939. A Devonian fauna from Columbia. Bulletins of American Paleontology, vol. 24, no. 83, pp. 1-128. Clarke, J. M. 1908. Early Devonic history of New York and eastern North America. New York State Museum Memortr, no. 9, pp. 5— 366. Clarke, J. M., and Swartz, C. K. 1913. Systematic paleontology of the Upper Devonian deposits of Maryland. Maryland Geological Survey, Middle and Up- per Devonian, pp. 539-699. Cloud, P. E., Jr. 1942. Terebratuloid Brachiopoda of the Silurian and Devonian. Geological Society of America Special Paper 38, pp. I- 182. Conrad, T. A. 1838. Report on the paleontological department of the survey. New York State Geological Survey, Annual Report, vol. 2, pp. 107-119. 1841. Fifth annual report on the paleontology of the State of New York. New York State Geological Survey, Annual Report, vol. 5, pp. 25-57. 1842. Observations on the Silurian and Devonian systems of the United States, with descriptions of new organic remains. Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia Journal, vol. 8, pp. 228-280. Cooper, G. A. 1942. New genera of North American brachiopods. Journal Washington Academy of Sciences, vol. 32, pp. 228-235. 1944. Phylum Brachiopoda, in Index Fossils of North America. Shimer, H. W. and Schrock, R. R. [eds.], Cambridge, 837 pp. 1945. New species of brachiopods from the Devonian of Illinois and Missouri. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 19, pp. 479- 489. 1955. New genera of Middle Paleozoic brachiopods. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 29, pp. 45-63. 1956. Chazyan and related brachiopods. Smithsonian Miscel- laneous Collections, vol. 127, pp. 1-1245. Cooper, G. A., and Dutro, J. T., Jr. 1982. Devonian brachiopods of New Mexico. Bulletins of Amer- ican Paleontology, vols. 82, 83, no. 315, pp. 1-215. Cozzens, I. 1846. Descriptions of three new fossils from the Falls of the Ohio. New York Lyceum of Natural History Annals, vol. 4, pp. 157-159. Dagis, A. S. 1974. Triasovie Brakhiopody (Morfologia, Sistema, Filogenii, Stratigraficheskoe Znachenie i Biogeograftia). Akademia Nauk SSR, Sibirskoe Otdelenie, Institut Geologii 1 Geo- fiziki, Trudy, vol. 214, pp. 1-386. Dalman, J. W. 1828. Uppstallning och Beskrfning af di i Sverige funne Tere- bratuliter. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps—akademiens Handlinger, Upssala and Stockholm (1827), pp. 85-155. Davidson, T. 1851-1886. A monograph of the British fossil Brachiopoda. Pa- laeontographical Society Monographs, London, 6 vols. 1881. On genera and species of spiral-bearing Brachiopoda. Geo- logical Magazine, vol. 8, pp 1-13. Drevermann, F. 1907. Palaozoische Notizen. Senckenbergische Naturforschende gesellschaft in Franfurt am Main. Bericht, pp. 125-136. Dumeril, A. M. C. 1806. Zoologie analytique ou méthode naturelle de classification des animaux. Allais, Paris, 344 pp. Dutro, J. T., Jr. 1971. The brachiopod Pentagonia in the Devonian of eastern United States. (Paleozoic Perspectives: a paleontologic tribute to G. Arthur Cooper), Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, no. 3, pp. 181-192. Ehlers, G. M. 1963. Cyrtina hamiltonensis (Hall) and a new species of this brachiopod genus from New York. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, vol. 18, pp. 197-204. Fagerstrom, J. A. 1961. The fauna of the Middle Devonian Formosa Reef Lime- stone of southwestern Ontario. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 35, pp. 1-48. 1971. Brachiopods of the Detroit River Group (Devonian) from southwestern Ontario and adjacent areas of Michigan and Ohio. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, vol. 204, pp. 1-113. Feldman, H. R. 1980. Level-bottom brachiopod communities in the Middle De- vonian of New York. Lethaia, vol. 13, pp. 27-46. 1985. Brachiopods of the Onondaga Limestone in central and southeastern New York. Bulletin, American Museum of Natural History, vol. 179, pp. 289-377. Feldman, H. R., and Lindemann, R. H. 1986. Fossils and facies of the Onondaga Limestone in central New York. New York State Geological Association Field Trip Guidebook, vol. 58, pp. 145-156. 38 BULLETIN 346 Frederiks, G. 1912. Bemerkungen tiber einige oberpalaeozoische Fossilien von Krasnoufimsk. Kazani Protocoly Obshchestva estestvois- putatelei, vol. 269, pp. 1-9. 1918. Diagnoses generum et specierum novum. Annuaire de la Societe Paleontologique de Russie, vol. 2, p. 87. George, T. N. 1931. Ambocoelia Hall and certain similar British Spiriferidae. Geological Society of London, Quarterly Journal, vol. 87, pp. 30-61. Gill, G. H. 1871. Arrangement of the families of Molluscs prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Col- lections, vol. 10, pp. 1-49. Girty, G. H. 1904. New molluscan genera from the Carboniferous. United States National Museum Proceedings, vol. 27, pp. 721- 736. Godefroid, J., and Fagerstrom, J. A. 1983. Le genre Paraspirifer Wedekind, R. 1926 dans le devonien moyen de la partie orientale de L’Amérique du Nord. Bul- letin, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, vol. 55, pp. 1-61. Goldman, D., and Mitchell, C. E. 1990. Morphology, systematics and evolution of Middle Devonian Ambocoeliidae (Brachiopoda), western New York. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 64, pp. 79-98. Goldring, W. 1935. Geology of the Berne Quadrangle. New York State Mu- seum Bulletin, no. 303, pp. 1-238. 1943. Geology of the Coxsackie Quadrangle. New York State Museum Bulletin, no. 332, pp. 1-374. Grabau, A. W. 1906. Geology and paleontology of the Schoharie Valley. New York State Museum Bulletin, no. 92, pp. 1-386. 1931, 1933. Devonian brachiopods of China; 1. Devonian bra- chiopods from Yunnan and other districts in South China. Palaeontologica Sinica, series 8, vol. 3, pp. 1-752. Grabau, A. W., and Shimer, H. W. 1909 (1910). North American Index Fossils, Invertebrates. A.G. Seiler, New York, 2 volumes, 853 pp., 909 pp. Grant, R. E. 1965. The brachiopod superfamily Stenoscismatacea. Smithson- ian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 148, pp. 1-192. Guensburg, T. E. 1984. Echinodermata of the Middle Ordovician Lebanon Lime- stone, central Tennessee. Bulletins of American Paleon- tology, vol. 86, pp. 1-100. Hall, J. 1843. Geology of New York, Part 4, comprising of the survey of the fourth geological district. Natural History of New York, Albany, 683 pp. 1850. On the Brachiopoda of the Silurian: particularly the Lep- taenida. American Association for the Advancement of Science, vol. 2, pp. 347-351. 1852. Descriptions of the organic remains of the lower middle division of the New York System. New York State Geo- logical Survey, Paleontology, vol. 2, 362 pp. 1857. Descriptions of Paleozoic fossils. New York State Cabinet 10th Annual Report, Part C. Appendix, pp. 41-186. 1859, 1861. Paleontology of New York. New York Geological Survey, vol. 3, pp. 1-532 (1859), pls. 1-120 (1861). 1860. Contributions to palaeontology. New York State Cabinet of Natural History, 13th Annual Report, pp. 55-125. 1861. Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Upper Hel- derberg, Hamilton and Chemung groups; with observations upon previously described species. New York State Cabinet of Natural History, 14th Annual Report, pp. 99-109. 1862. Contributions to palaeontology. New York State Cabinet of Natural History, 15th Annual Report, pp. 1-158. 1863. Notice of some new species of fossils from a locality of the Niagara Group in Indiana; with a list of identified species from the same place. Transactions of the Albany Institute, vol. 4, pp. 195-228. 1867. Descriptions and figures of the fossil Brachiopoda of the upper Helderberg, Hamilton, Portage and Chemung groups. New York Geological Survey, Palaeontology of New York, vol. 4, pp. 1-428. Hall, J., and Clarke, J. M. 1892. An introduction to the study of the genera of Paleozoic Brachiopoda, part I. New York Geological Survey, Pa- laeontology of New York, vol. 8, pp. 1-367. 1893, 1895 (1894). An introduction to the study of the genera of Paleozoic Brachiopoda, part II. New Y ork Geological Sur- vey, Palaeontology of New York, vol. 8, pt. 2., pp. 1-317 (1893); pp. 319-394, pls. 21-84 (1895). Harper, C. W., Jr., and Boucot, A. J. 1978. The Stropheodontacea. Palaeontographica, vol. 161, pp. 55-175; vol. 162, 1-80. Havlicek, V. 1953. O Nékolika novych rameononozcich Geského a morayského stredniho devonu. Usttedniho, Ustavu Geologickeho, Véstnik 28, pp. 4-9. 1960. Bericht tiber die Ergebnisse der Revision der bohmischen altpalaozioschen Rhynchonelloidea. Ustiedniho, Ustavu Geologickeho, Véstnik 35, pp. 241-244. Helmbrecht, W., and Wedekind, R. 1923. Versuch einer biostratigraphischen Gliederung der Siege- ner Schichten auf Grund von Rensselaerien und Spiriferen. Gluckauf, Berg. -und Huttenmannische Zeitschr., Jahr- gang 59, pp. 949-953. Hoover, P. R. 1981. Paleontology, taphonomy, and paleoecology of the Pal- marito Formation (Permian of Venezuela). Bulletins of American Paleontology, vol. 80, no. 313, pp. 1-138. Imbrie, J. 1959. Brachiopods of the Traverse Group (Devonian) of Michi- gan. Bulletin, American Museum of Natural History, vol. 116, pp. 349-409. Johnson, J. G. 1966. Middle Devonian brachiopods from the Roberts Moun- tains, central Nevada. Palaeontology, vol. 9, pp. 152-181. 1970. Great Basin Lower Devonian Brachiopoda. Geological So- ciety of America, Memoir 121, 421 pp. Kelly, F. B. 1967. Silurian leptaenids (Brachiopoda). Palaeontology, vol. 10, pp. 590-602. Keyes, S. W., and Pitrat, C. W. 1978. Spiriferid brachiopods from the Traverse Group of Mich- igan: Cyrtinacea. Journal of Paleontology, vol. 52, pp. 221-233. Kindle, E. M. 1901. The Devonian fossils and stratigraphy of Indiana. Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Annual Report, vol. 25, pp. 529-758, 773-775. King, W. 1846. Remarks on certain genera belonging to the class Pallio- NEW YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 39 branchiata. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Lon- don, vol. 18, pp. 26-42, 83-94. 1850. A monograph of the Permian fossils of England. Palaeon- tographical Society Monographs, vol. 3, pp. 1-258. Kissling, D. L., and Moshier, S. O. 1981. The subsurface Onondaga Limestone: stratigraphy, facies, and paleogeography. New York State Geological Associ- ation Guidebook for Fieldtrips in South-Central New York, vol. 53, pp. 279-280. Kornicker, L. S. 1979. The question mark in taxonomic literature. Journal of Pa- leontology, vol. 53, p. 761. Kuhn, O. 1949. Lehrbuch der Palaozoologie. Stuttgart, 326 pp. Landes, K. K., Ehlers, G. M., and Stanley, G. M. 1945. Geology of the Mackinac Straits region and the subsurface geology of the northern southern peninsula. Michigan Geo- logical Survey Division, Publication 44, Geology Series, vol. 37, pp. 1-204. Lenz, A. C. 1977. Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian brachiopods of Royal Creek, Yukon, Canada. Part 1: Orthoidea, Strophomenida, Pentamerida, Rhynchonellida. Palaeontographica, vol. 159, pp. 37-109. Lindemann, R. H., and Feldman, H. R. 1981. Paleocommunities of the Onondaga Limestone (Middle Devonian) in central New York State. New York State Geological Association Guidebook for Fieldtrips in South- Central New York, vol. 53, pp. 79-96. 1987. Paleogeography and brachiopod paleoecology of the On- ondaga Limestone in eastern New York. New York State Geological Association Field Trip Guidebook, vol. 59, pp. D1-D30. Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae.: 10th ed., Stockholm, 823 pp. 1767. Systema Naturae.: 12th ed., Stockholm, 1154 pp. Lucas, S. C. 1986. Proper syntax when using aff. and cf. in taxonomic state- ments. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 6, p. 202. Martin, W. 1809. Petrificata derbiensia; or figures and descriptions of petri- factions collected in Derbyshire. Wigan, 28 pp., 52 pl. Matthews, S. C. 1973. Notes on open nomenclature and on synonomy lists. Pa- laeontology, vol. 16, pp. 713-719. Mayr, E. 1976. Evolution and the Diversity of Life. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 721 pp. McLaren, D. J. 1965. Paleozoic Rhynchonellacea, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H, Brachiopoda. Moore, R. C. [ed.], University of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America, pp. H552-597. M’Coy, F. 1844. A Synopsis of the Characters of the Carboniferous Lime- stone Fossils of Ireland. Dublin, 207 pp. Moore, R. C. 1952. Brachiopods, in Invertebrate Fossils. Moore, R. C., Lal- icker, C. G., and Fischer, A. G. [eds.], McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 197-267. Muir-Wood, H. M. 1955. A History of the Classification of the Phylum Brachiopoda. British Museum [Natural History], London, 124 pp. 1962. On the Morphology and Classification of the Brachiopod Suborder Chonetoidea. British Museum [Natural History], 132 pp. Nettleroth, H. 1889. Kentucky fossil shells, a monograph of the fossil shells of the Silurian and Devonian rocks of Kentucky. Kentucky Geological Survey, 245 pp. Nikiforova, O. I., Modzalevskaya, T. L., and Bassett, M. G. 1985. Review of the Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian artic- ulate brachiopods of Podolia. Special Papers in Palaeon- tology, no. 34. The Palaeontological Association. London, pp. 1-66. Oehlert, D. P. 1887. Brachiopodes, in Manuel de Conchyliologue et du Paleon- tologie Conchyliologieque au histoire naturelle des Mol- lusques vivants et fossiles. Fischer, P. H., F. Savy, Paris, pp. 1189-1334. Oliver, W. A., Jr. 1954. Stratigraphy of the Onondaga Limestone (Devonian) in central New York. Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol. 65, pp. 621-652. 1956. Stratigraphy of the Onondaga Limestone in eastern New York. Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol. 67, pp. 1441-1474. Opik, A. A. 1934. Uber Klitamboniten. Acta et Commentationes Universi- tatis Tartuensis (Dorpatensis), ser. A, vol. 26, pp. 1-239. Ozol, M. A. 1963. Alkali reactivity of cherts and stratigraphy and petrology of cherts and association limestones of the Onondaga For- mation of central and western New York. Unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 228 pp. Phillips, J. 1841. Figures and Descriptions of the Paleozoic Fossils of Corn- wall, Devon, and West Somerset. London, 231 pp. Pitrat, C. W. 1965. Spiriferidina, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H, Brachiopoda. Moore, R. C. [ed.], University of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America, pp. H667—H728. Prosser, C. S., and Kindle, E. M. 1913. Systematic paleontology of the Middle Devonian deposits of Maryland; Pelecypoda, pp. 214-279, in Middle and Up- per Devonian. Maryland Geological Survey, 720 pp. Racheboeuf, P. R., and Feldman, H. R. 1990. Chonetacean brachiopods of the’'Pink Chonetes” Zone, Onondaga Limestone, (Devonian, Eifelian), central New York. American Museum Novitates, no. 2974, pp. 1-16. Raup, D. M., and Stanley, S. M. 1978. Principles of Paleontology. W.H. Freeman and Co., 481 pp. Richter, R. 1943. Einfuhrung in die Zoologische Nomenklatur. Senckenber- gische Naturforschende gesellschaft, Frankfurt, 154 pp. 1948. Einfuhrung in die Zoologische Nomenklatur. 2nd edition, Kramer, Frankfurt, 252 pp. Roemer, C. F. 1844. Das Rheinische Uebergangsgebirge. Eine palaontologisch- geognostiche Darstellung. Hanover, 96 pp. Rzhonsnitskaya, M. A. 1964. On Devonian Atrypids of the Kuznetsk Basin. Paleonto- logiya i Stratigraphiya, Nauchno-issledovatel’skii Institut Lesnogo Khozyaistva. Trudy, vol. 93, pp. 91-112. Sartenaer, P. 1961. Etude nouvelle, en deux parties, du genre Camarotoechia 40 BULLETIN 346 Hall et Clarke, 1893. Deuxieme partie: Cupularostrum recticostatum n. gen., n. sp. Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bulletin, vol. 37, pp. 1-15. Savage, T. E. 1930. The Devonian rocks of Kentucky. Kentucky Geological Survey, vol. 33, pp. 1-161. 1931. The Devonian fauna of Kentucky, in Paleontology of Ken- tucky. Kentucky Geological Survey, vol. 36, pp. 217-246. Schuchert, C. 1894. A revised classification of the spire-bearing Brachiopoda. American Geologist, vol. 13, pp. 102-107. 1913. Systematic paleontology. Lower Devonian, Brachiopoda, in Lower Devonian Volume (with T. P. Maynard). Mary- land Geological Survey, pp. 290-449. Schuchert, C., and Cooper, G. A. 1931. Synopsis of the brachiopod genera of the suborders Or- thoidea and Pentameroidea with notes on the Teleotre- mata. American Journal of Science, vol. 22, pp. 241-251. 1932. Brachiopod genera of the suborders Orthoidea and Pen- tameroidea. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Mem- oir, vol. 4, pp. 1-270. Schuchert, C., and LeVene, C. M. 1929. Brachiopoda (Generum et Genotyporum Index et Biblio- graphica). Fossilium Catalogus 1, Animalia, vol. 42, pp. 1-140. Selleck, B. 1985. Chert and dolomite in the Onondaga Limestone (Devo- nian) of New York State. Northeastern Geology, vol. 7, pp. 136-143. Shaler, N. S. 1865. List of Brachiopoda from the Island of Anticosti sent by the Museum of Comparative Zoology to different institu- tions in exchange for other specimens, with annotations. Harvard University Museum of Comparative Zoology Bulletin, vol. 1, pp. 61-70. Sheehan, P. M. 1971. Silurian Brachiopoda, community ecology and strati- graphic geology in western Utah and eastern Nevada, with a section on Late Ordovician stratigraphy. Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, pp. 1-537. Shimer, H. W., and Shrock, R. R. 1944. Index Fossils of North America. The M.1.T. Press, Cam- bridge, Mass., 837 pp. Sohn, I. G. 1983. Ostracodes of the ‘‘Winifrede’’ Limestone (Middle Penn- sylvanian) in the region of the proposed Pennsylvanian Sys- tem Stratotype, West Virginia. Bulletins of American Pa- leontology, vol. 84, no. 316, pp. 1-53. Sokolskaya, A. N. 1960. Otryad Strophomendia, in Mshanki Brakhiopody, Sary- cheva, T. G. [ed.], in Osnovy Paleontologii, Orlov, Yu A. {ed.], pp. 206-220, Moskva. Stauffer, C. R. 1915. Stratigraphy of southwestern Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir, vol. 34, pp. 1-341. Stehli, F. G. 1965. Paleozoic Terebratulida, in Treatise on Invertebrate Pa- leontology, Part H, Brachiopoda. Moore, R. C. [ed.], Uni- versity of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America, pp. H730-H762. Steininger, J. 1853. Geognostische Beschreibung der Eifel. Trier, F. Lintz’- schen, 143 pp. Stewart, G. A. 1927. Fauna of the Silica Shale of Lucas County, Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science, series. 4, Bulletin, vol. 32, pp. 1-76. Stoll, N., Dollfus, R. Ph., Forest, J., Riley, N. D., Sabrosky, C. W., Wright, C. W., and Melville, R. V. [eds.] 1961. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Interna- tional Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 176 pp. Struve, W. 1963. Beitrage zur Kenntnis devonischer brachiopoden, 3: Ala- tiformia n.g. (Spiriferacea). Senckenbergiana Lethaea, vol. 44, pp. 499-500. 1964. Uber Alatiformia - Arten und andere, ausserlich ahnlich Spiriferacea. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, vol. 45, pp. 325- 346. Stumm, E. C. 1942. Fauna and stratigraphic relations of the Prout Limestone and Plum Brook Shale of northern Ohio. Journal of Pa- leontology, vol. 16, pp. 549-563. Thomson, J. A. 1926. A revision of the subfamilies of the Terebratulidae (Brach- iopoda). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Lon- don, vol. 18, pp. 523-530. Waagen, W. H. 1882-1885. Salt Range fossils, Part 4 (2) Brachiopoda. Palaeon- tologica Indica, Memoir, series 13, vol. 1, pp. 329-770. Wedekind, R. 1926. Die devonische Formation, in Grundziige der Geologie, vol. 2, pp. 194-226 Salomon, Wilhelm [ed.], E. Schweiz- erbastische, Stuttgart. Weller, S. 1903. The Paleozoic faunas. New Jersey Geological Survey Re- port on Paleontology, vol. 3, pp. 1-462. White, C. A. 1862. Description of new species of fossils from the Devonian and Carboniferous rocks of the Mississippi Valley. Boston So- ciety of Natural History, Proceedings, vol. 9, pp. 8-33. Williams, A. 1953. North American and European stropheodontids: their mor- phology and systematics. Geological Society of America Memoir, no. 56, pp. 1-67. Williams, A., Rowell, A. J., Muir-Wood, H. M., Pitrat, C. W., Schmidt, H., Stehli, F. G., Ager, D. V., Wright, A. D., Elliott, G. F., Amsden, T. W., Rudwick, M. J. S., Hatai, K., Biernat, G., McLaren, D. J., Boucot, A. J., Johnson, J. G., Staton, R. D., Grant, R. E., and Jope, H. M. 1965. Brachiopoda, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H. Moore, R. C. [ed.], University of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America. 2 vols., xxxii + 927 pp; 746 text-figs. Williams, H. S., and Breger, C. L. 1916. The fauna of the Chapman Sandstone of Maine, including descriptions of some related species from the Moose River Sandstone. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, no. 89, pp. 1-347. Winchell, A. 1866. The Grand Traverse Region. A report on the geological industrial resources in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. Ann Arbor, 97 pp. Woodrow, D. L., Brett, C. E., and Selleck, B. 1989. Sedimentary sequences in a foreland basin: the New York System. 28th International Geological Congress, Ameri- can Geophysical Union, Field Trip Guidebook, vol. T156, pp. 1-43. PLATES 42 Figure 1-4. 5-12. 13-15. . Schizophoria cf. multistriata (Hall, 1859-1861). eePentamerellaaratal(Conrad sS4 liens sone niianiers eee lo eeicieerctoieters eee siele ie eee aie BULLETIN 346 EXPLANATION OF PLATE | Levenea cf. subcarinata (Hall, 1857). Pedicle exterior, interior, posterior, anterior, AMNH 44150, x 1.5, AMNH Loc. 3152. Dalejina cf. alsa (Hall, 1863). ........... SRP cntahaiensi iter 5-6. Brachial exterior, interior, AMNH 44151, x3, =) 7. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44152, x2. 8-11. Pedicle, brachial exterior, anterior, posterior, AMNH 44153, x 1.5. 12. Detail of omament AMNH 44154, 2 (all specimens from AMNH Loc. 3152). IDISCOMYOTERISIESP MW siclor soso aes PN Cx ee Bee dere ean aT 13-14. Brachial valve exterior, pedicle valve exterior, AMNH 44155, x 1.5. 15. Pedicle interior with large flabellate(?) muscle field, AMNH 44156, x2 (both from AMNH Loc. 3152). 16-18. Pedicle, brachial exterior, posterior, AMNH 44157, <1. 15, AMNH Loc 31525 19-22. Pedicle, brachial exterior, anterior, posterior, AMNH 44158, x3, AMNH Loc. 3152. 23. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44159, x 2.5, AMNH Loc. 3152. 24. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44160, x 2.5, AMNH Loc. 3153. 25. Brachial interior, AMNH 44161, «4.5, AMNH Loc. 3152. 26-29. Pedicle, brachial exterior, posterior, anterior, AMNH 44162, x2, AMNH Loc. 3152. BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 107 PLATE | BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 107 PLATE 2 eed Br i eerie Be) Wh jira we ri / if i Os Oe Ll Gis Figure 1-3. 14-17. 18. 19. 20-26. New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 43 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 PENTAINENEllGNAI Gla GOnTAG= LSA) Mares eee Tees osteo ack SMS Ee ley ER eC 12 1. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44163, x 2.5. 2. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44164, x 2. 3. Brachial interior, AMNH 44265, x3 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). 5 IEG TASS Oe ae eee en eR REE ee ORI tcl tae eee Ee RCE ET oe ates in RP on ramet cca oe eae aerate 13 4-5. Brachial, pedicle exterior, AMNH 44166, x2. 6. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44167, x1. 7. Brachial interior, AMNH 44168, 1 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). Pe Schuchentelias sp» Pedicleantenor A MINER4 4511695, xil25 AMINED Tos SiS 25 area otcts icra iciereyo sari exessies2. «ato ceat es onevereseveesisiste teres = 14 » LUO ROSITA HES os (Coyote: vale NYO) aan one een cite Serato Hose ne caidas occonoe dacurOde con oeoodomnadoaaandoce 14 9. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44170, x 2. 10. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44171, x2. 11. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44172, x2 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). . “Brachyprion” cf. mirabilis (Johnson, 1970). ........ Reet Occult ans He Saad. F PER eee ver Sep cere x on IS 12. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44173, x1. 13. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44174, x 2.5 (both from AMNH Loc. 3152). Brachyprion? sp. .......... iat Serer 14. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44175, x2. 15. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44176, x 1.3. 16. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44177, x 1.2. 17. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44178, x 1.3 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). Megastrophia? sp. Pedicle interior (note impression of muscle field) AMNH 44179, x 1.3, AMNH Loc. 3152. ....... eee eel 6 Plicostropheodonta? sp. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44180, x2, AMNH Loc. 3152. ...... ince a OEE aoa Goh eno Caan 16 Strophodonta demissa (Conrad, 1842). . BS Bac ce Se oc 8 ble ER EY CINE OR RAYNE ie ee ee cane we) 20-21. Pedicle, brachial exterior, AMNH 44181, x 2.5. 22-23. Pedicle, brachial exterior, AMNH 44182, 2.5. 24. Brachial exterior, AMNH 44183, x2. 25. Pedicle interior filled with chert, AMNH 44184, x 2. 26. Brachial exterior (note psuedodeltidium and pseudoteeth[?]), AMNH 44185, x2 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). 44 Figure 1-5. 15-18. 19-21. 9}9) 23-27. BULLETIN 346 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3 Strophodonta demissa (Conrad, 1842). ..... wooed dow cyclase goat alesclgsaceledeh ofevemns el teeebeetee ¢.c-a vere: Syd pater: aids) oe 16 1. Brachial exterior, AMNH 44186, x3. 2. Pedicle interior (compacted and deformed), AMNH 44187, x 1.5. 3. Brachial interior (cardinal process broken off), AMNH 44188, x 1.5. 4. Brachial interior, AMNH 44189, x 1.5. 5. Brachial interior, AMNH 44190, x2 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). . Costistrophonella punctulifera (Conrad, 1838). ......... PO Ae Sa ESE heen ors ao, Seo Fadeaon oO Oe: 17 6. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44191, x 1.3. 7. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44192, x 1.3. 8. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44193, x2. 9. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44194, x2. 10. Brachial exterior, AMNH 44195, x 1.3. 11. Brachial exterior, AMNH 44196, = 1.5 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). \Gostistrophonella ampla (Halls VSST)s. aca esssesccee spt um eccoeeseuesepsecosens #1) efist eas eae) 5) uniah cons acersr = cyegtusteslefoyehs sr slfel ops sets eee 18 12. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44197, x1. 13. Brachial interior (mold), AMNH 44198, x9. 14. Rubber impression of brachial muscle field, AMNH 44199, x 1.3 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). Longispina mucronata (Hall, 1843). ................. A ea Poot doco bo Ue OO Onna OAcboOdoao acsc 18 15. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44200, x6. 16. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44201, x4. 17. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44202, x4. 18. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44203, 5 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). **Eodevonaria”™ cf. hemispherica (Hall, 1857). . RES Ae ey ae wvbydi eset egy dedicve Sco sree he TRIO ee OPC 19 19. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44204, x2. 20. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44205, x2. 21. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44206, x 2.5 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). Eodevonaria cf. arcuata (Hall, 1857). Pedicle exterior (in chert matrix), AMNH 44207, x2, AMNH Loc. 3153. .............. 19 Machaeraria sp. Pedicle, brachial, lateral, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44208, x2, AMNH Loc. 3152. ...............-. 20 BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 107 PLATE 3 oN PTUs AY WW ee BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 107 PLATE 4 28 Figure 1-11. 16-24. 25-38. New YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 Atriboniumunalli(sagerstrom19,6)l))\ 45 -eemae eee eee eerie tee eee eee een 1-4. Brachial, pedicle, posterior, anterior views, AMNH 44209, x3, AMNH Loc. 3152. 5-8. Pedicle, brachial, posterior, anterior views, AMNH 44210, x4, AMNH Loc. 3152. 9-11. Brachial, pedicle, anterior views, AMNH 44211, x3, AMNH Loc. 3153. io COLLAR OSA TOS ae ete cote hor Gib Bite 6 1G CICK CCE er RoR Ics er Cec eR ae 12-14. Pedicle, brachial, posterior views, AMNH 44212, x2, AMNH Loc. 3152. 15. Pedicle exterior, AMNH 44213, 2.3, AMNH Loc. 3153. ZN ANG CRAB EW bis NIGH spats 5 ease eae s OS Bole Ha Oop Orme Dont A da stun ees oho cont BoOReano Dy opeabuandasde 16-19. Pedicle, brachial, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44214, x 1.5, AMNH Loc. 3153. 20-23. Pedicle, brachial, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44215, x 1.5, AMNH Loc. 3153. 24. Brachial interior, AMNH 44216, «1.5, AMNH Loc. 3152. Goelospirakcamillaseiall Sa8 67/5 ene ee Re eee : 25-28. Pedicle, brachial, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44217, x4. 29-30. Pedicle, brachial exterior, AMNH 44218, x3. 31-32. Pedicle, brachial exterior, AMNH 44219, x 3.5. 33. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44220, x5. 34. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44221, x5. 35. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44222, x6. 36. Brachial interior, AMNH 44223, x4. 37. Brachial interior, AMNH 44224, x4. 38. Brachial interior, AMNH 44225, x3 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). 45 21 Ne te i) Ne 46 Figure 1-5. 6-15. 16-23. 24. 25-31. BULLETIN 346 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5 Page Camarospira? sp. Pedicle, brachial, lateral, posterior, anterior views, AMNH 44226, x2, AMNH Loc. 3153. ..............-. 23 VAL hyriSiPOUCOLUNEW SPECIES Me ryae oe ont oie = 21s tava la ateletane ole via aug ee 9 sie, esaseyel'e ohuteie lnlerevene ‘ate RELeRey ete se) #6201 Se CER eee 24 6-9. Pedicle, brachial, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44227 (holotype), x 2, AMNH Loc. 3153. 10-13. Pedicle, brachial, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44228 (paratype), x 2.5, AMNH Loc. 3153. 14-15. Pedicle, brachial interior, AMNH 44229 (paratype), x4, AMNH Loc. 3152. At hiprisileOnt MEW! SPECIES... sec idss ccc eo ey easeese eso eee bak= > eee ease oka Coe or ada lar eV ENS at 25 16-17. Pedicle interior, exterior, AMNH 44230, x1. 18-21. Pedicle exterior, posterior, pedicle, brachial interior, AMNH 44231, x1. 22-23. Brachial exterior, interior, AMNH 44232, x1 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). Athyris sp. A. Brachial interior, AMNH 44233, x3, AMNH Loc. 3153. ............... 0.00 e eee eee eee eee 26 Meristina:ct- nasutai(Conrad, 1842). 203. s-2es--- == - sas Siecle tele MORSE PTE a rte 5: Wise canes cues PORATSIMIE a cesta a), ee acento gene Ree 26 25. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44234, x2. 26. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44235, x2. 27-31. Pedicle exterior, interior, lateral, anterior, posterior, AMNH 44236, 1.5 (all from AMNH Loc. 3153). . Meristina? sp. Pedicle exterior, posterior, anterior, AMNH 44237, x 1.2, AMNH Loc. 3152. .... 2.20... eee eee 27 BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 107 PLATE 5 BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY, VOLUME 107 PLATE 6 14-23. 24-33. . Pentagonia unisulcata (Conrad, 1841). NEw YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6 . Meristina? sp. Pedicle interior, exterior, AMNH 44238, x 1.5, AMNH Loc. 3152. ................... . Charionoides doris (Hall, 1860). ............ 3-4. Pedicle, brachial exterior, AMNH 44239, x 2.5. 5-6. Pedicle, brachial exterior, AMNH 44240, x3 (both from AMNH Loc. 3152). 7-10. Pedicle brachial, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44241, x2. 11. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44242, x2. 12-13. Brachial exterior, interior, AMNH 44243, x3 (all from AMNH Loc. 3152). INUCICOSDINAVENITICOSAM(AAllS SS) atest icisisieteis seo ris Che ee CER ee ee een 14-17. Pedicle, brachial, posterior, anterior views, AMNH 44244, x2.5, AMNH Loc. 3152. 18-21. Pedicle, brachial, posterior, anterior views, AMNH 44245, x 1.8, AMNH Loc. 3153. 22. Pedicle interior, AMNH 44246, x4. 23. Brachial interior, AMNH 44247, x5 (both from AMNH Loc. 3152). TrEMatOspira eiD0OSa FAall. 859M were er oc toe Ce ee ee eee ene ee Eee ee 24-28. Pedicle, brachial, lateral, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44248, x 3.5. 29-33. Pedicle, brachial, anterior, posterior, lateral views, AMNH 44249, x3 (both from AMNH Loc. 3152). 47 Page 28 29 48 BULLETIN 346 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7 Figure Page 1-4. Acrospirifer duodenaria (Hall, 1843). ..... ale Sen Sac oro tanat ao eas Aa cdeeerM OE OSA dou: oo 0c 30 1-2. Pedicle exterior, interior, AMNH 44250, x2. 344. Brachial exterior, interior, AMNH 44251, x2 (both from AMNH Loc. 3154). 5-6. Mucrospirifer? sp. Brachial exterior, interior, AMNH 44252, x1, AMNH Loc. 3154. ........... 2.1.22 eee ce eee 31 7-9. Alatiformia? sp. Pedicle exterior (x3), anterior (= 2), posterior (x 2), AMNH 44253, AMNH Loc. 3154. .................... 31 OS S01 (ae oxy gd (700 oe Re ae eee er eee ink inno here nee iin frie aio oo eecicmacdbeeoods 000000" 31 10-11. Brachial exterior, interior, AMNH 24454, x 1.5. 12-13. Pedicle exterior, interior, AMNH 44255, x 1.5. 14-15. Pedicle exterior, interior, AMNH 44256, x 1.5 (all from AMNH Loc. 3154). 16-20. Mediospirifer? sp. B. Pedicle, brachial, lateral, anterior, posterior views, AMNH 44257, x1, AMNH Loc. 3154. ............. 32 21-26. Megakozlowskiella raricosta (Conrad, 1842). ........... magne Se ann oe natn GOMER Dad CoG Stee ee arcs Peek caus 8,36,49 (CHP TES DIGI SS CERBRBA REE ACER EASE ARO DAE SEE SBE REEL OPES AEEORE TG EE EEE ECE BOCES aA 34 GryptonellalallesliB Oily Mieackese ccsetaccescec ec ave sec cous teecevevecseresecs 35 TOLLAND ee AE ee I See ree Co rose Leet eT ES 35 Gry NLONiEllAUkS Perec cre caca severance eee reese eae ieawe Seren ot eee CULT TI URCALUSIAS PINE CM ooo nie rence Fone re ee Renee eta Laas see Cupularostrum Sartenaer, 1961 macrocostata Boucot, 1973 reticostatum Sartenaer, 1961 SpeAUE Claman LOSE coscestcncnestescteneseaceevsaeccectest vaneosteesson. Cupularostrum? sp. ........ Se Sete side ren sonst eoue soles GPTAOSUFOD Ie aoe rane ee cere eee RSTO 15 Gyrtiavthamiltonensis Hall WSs) cancecsvessec: eeneesese=cceeeee eee ee 34 EyrtinaDavidsons SSS. 222 sceec ccs ecns sees eset coer renee eee 34 alpenensis alpenensis Hall and Clarke, 1895 ....................- 35 Chivaria Clarke’ cccc.ctisxescscrsdaceaes sees eatossnate ee sinworsenecnettoee 35) hamiltonensis\ (Gall lS) eeseeeeete coerce eee 8,34-35,49 hamiltonensisiblalleS Gy essesscecese-ceeesee teases scores ceceeceaceeees 34 hamiltonensis var. recta Wally 86s! sccsccsecc-s-cersecesceneeesee se 34 hamiltoniae var. recta Hall, Nettleroth, 1889 ................... 34 SPA scene secon te eres eerie eee a Saban Sot Ceoiger ener ntee en neat en 8,35,49 LUIMDONALA(EAAllSAl858)) scseaseacaseeesetetaescancossen see csee see ene 35 DalejinaWavliceke 953i sescccoceresccester carters caer ee ee eee eee eee 9-10 fafie aisambeld mantli9 85) eescee spe ssceecencee ceseecereee es nesee eee 9 aisaiBoucotandVohnsons 1968) ree. ceccea coors eenre neeteene nee e ee 9 Claa/ sai (all SaltS 6S) seese nee nee ee eee eee 1,9-10,42 RANUSIAIAVIICEKAIN OS'S x. o. . sscscaccceses cou sect eeuee ieee aeae erence ees 9 Delthyris duodenaria Hall, 1843 30 fimbriatus Conrad, 1842 ... 3S IMCAIALI SMA ANUS AS ereses seca oct see cher ce renee ener 31 mucronatusi@onrad, W840 ois. ccc cce=seee res ace eeeses teeta eer ee 31 raricosta’ GontaG: S42) es. co-ss.-ee ee sere sce ceace te ceeetac teen erence 32 demissa, (CEES tropheodontan ee. rere een eer 16 SS LOD NOGONLQ metre ee eC EET Strophomena .........- depressa, Leptaena Detroit River Group AmbherstburgeDolomite; <-2t2--+-2cs-cese Boucots 1973" s2sce- so-so ae-2 ase eecrnee nero 13 depressa\(J. de'@: ‘Sowerby, 11824)) AUVDG) cave susesecsconcccescete cath ne ec ea reenter Rhipidomella occscscsccsicsicse-ses ssh oocasse eo eone Beene TAK eis ELV NE SCS9/ aon oe asrccia rhomboidalis, Stenoscisma ........ : “rhomboidalis” (aff); Eeptaena® 25... eS Acco teeae eo eee [ (5 B70) 1-7 717 eee ener ece sear ec cea Le Heed LecoccaabposabGanacccaceccc ““Rhynchonella” carolina Hall, 1867 Rhynchonella formosa Hall, 1857 .............00.c0e0ee Richter (1943) Richter (1948) Rochester Museum and Science Center ................2.020020es 00020 6 Rochester'Shale: <22:22.¢5cc 2c -csoten seeos tees ersweecnoseneetee eee trees 30 romingerl, GPANGENG: oo ccsecsas eens eieave ese ieee ee oe See seston te eee eee 36 NEw YORK DEVONIAN BRACHIOPODS: FELDMAN 39) TRARADIRCLTIUET. rs cea Resco EEOC SCO E TCD H ET DERE DOSEEESE Lea eppcoeeaas 36 VIL 2 OSCMIEEDLACNIG) ison se cacne tence ccs se sree ack eciegiiens ths ascineseeeoneces 13 IRUILCETSHUIMIVETSILY oan ewerecenesvceo-eascvesseverescs-seeessenoesecascns state 26 WalliSawahOnmatiOnl ccctecesesereeccees secsa ees cocees cdeee seteer tees eee Schizophoria King, 1850 .... GIRNPPIU EIST ICL Ate eaeincc mes foceas ean Pore etek koe , Ghamultisiriata Feldmany 11985) \..:..-.c.cssse-ceteascece eee eee 11 cf. multistriata (Hall, 1859-1861) ..................0-e+. 1,/0-11,42 GIRBROT ADI LIN Gere eae mate cca scot cetaceans Latte ORT ete 11 GATOS Grnllosn Ge IOSD ea asesosnonsscensnosssnocooossecodaodacancsoae 12 GRAB TTA Gary ITS JICLO YS) Se ssencnasencedssocaccasdsbanacsapsoncoscodse 10 nevadensis Merriam, 1940 parafragilis Johnson, 1970 traversensis Grabau, 1931 SchohanlevGrite mecccc-ccesesuncc-ne esac soteeccmete acanetonewnsuesever tears Schuchertella (Ginty MOO eee ene Nee a we ntee ant cee ee 14 OVOlpcaSchuchert, MOUS) erccccencqescesececussssscse ce secscect sce sees 14 “Schuchertella” becraftensis (Clarke, 1900) .................2.0.0008 14 Gy0); «SS soeidedea bocne SCOUT ETeDEe EGREE aeRO on een e eee oee Ge ac armererrc nna 2,14,43 SDB STONNSON SOO ees snes sees cre see sere ee re eee eee ee 14 Spameldman OSS. ccscccccesesceccseeccers cee seese sates rece zen 4 Schuchertella? sp. A Boucot and Johnson, 1968 .... a 14 sp.,A: Boucot; Gauniiand Southard) 1970) c2..222..c.5.-.ce.----e 14 Sp) Boucot and Johnsons 1968) io .c. snc sscaceceess oecceeeeseeeesase 14 SCHUGHEN ELS ON ANAT GIy Renee neen. Se anern ee oc Sees aR 36 SII eIaS CIC Swerccterescese een sven cs cca teete Seren ins ee ee sree eer ee cam 16 Se]TCGkA (iD B'S) preseeceee sence ar ee cos eee rene mee eee ee ee an a oee Sar nae eee 6 SIO GTIGIIAT eo cpa ee ban Asbo ana aoo: ce PERS cE sar: Boge aaeos BOnSrcE ee or ECB BacEREACS 15 Sheehanv (97). -csseosccsses cee: wee lS Shimer and Shrock (1944) 27 SIepentany perce aie ere =e 16 Stlicadhormationy :s.4oeeoececccce see eee res eos Se eee eee aT nee eee 32 STATA AYN ee Peete oes ae a aaa eee ee Se ee aera ee 13,20 SkaneatelesiPormatlomi vice c.ccrscs-co:ccscocecscaceessesc races coeess codes D5 SO MM GLG SS) teens ace mea ce seen nea femme aie eMac mCaefes 8 Sp., Alatiformia? 7,31,48 Brachyprion? .... 2,15,43 Camarospira? 5,23,46 Grandenay seers niece seee teas 836,49 Cryptonella? 835,49 GQUDULALOSETUIT Mae eae en seme eee ee ee ee 4,21-22,45 IDISGOMMVONLNIS Te (ese cmaroenenen aces oae Coe eee one Jee RECN 1,10 ILA Ae ematent ie Sip oe See eyo ete Sn e ya ee AE Ape Pee ae 2,13,43 Machaearia ......... eee 0320) 44 VIC LAST OD 1A uagean te eee eae ee oe ete ate Reenoc eee 2,16,43 Meristina? ........... ... 5,6,27,46,47 IVALICE OSDIFLICT Wanteeeee eee ee OMe ee eae eS hacen aere ees 5,31,48 IN UECLCOSDIN Cage set acs eee Nee ok EE Silage pep etn 2 Ie oho 28-29 IROL AS DINE Cl aee eee ne ea ee RT Oe ne eae 7,33,48 ELIGGOSIRODNCOD ONG meenesceeetee etcetera cece eae 2,16,43 BI OLOLEDLOSLVODNIAIer estes cen enero acca sete ace aeeee aes 2,14,43 CETTE ATG Tee pec Sant A ae nari eae RPE REPAPESAPCAPREAGESRESE 2,14,43 TURAL ACH OXY 17 Reon aR HERE COR COPCOR TAC EERE Ree po PEC PRCE RE ER cone cetronnen 30 sp. A, PA LILI IS Ueaeeenearasoe tae sat oe Seat oaes dos tee rete nik uaad aeaees ca eek giants 5,26,46 GY TL ee ee ate a ee Renae 835,49 IVIQGHOS DI GTER soesoectore neabbececnnncscececeieca uaseeecon aces 7,31-32,48 mS GH UCHENLEL Av aarasta veces sa ee teen sane ree eee en eee eet ee 14 SCHUGHETTELAIASD Garr ereen reer caee sear ae octet eee eens 14 sp. B, MCI OSDINI [Cree re noes eae eee Renee See 7,32,48 ““Schuchertellae \ ccosescot sokeseveseor ree ean a 14 SChuchertella?: ce. cex. sacs sonctossssessee eae enensetesen es - Spinocyrtia “euryteines” (Owen, 1844). ...........cceccecesececeeceees 32 Spirifer GlAQUfOVMISMOTEVeENMann LOOM: meceresesseesdescacesseeceeterssteeetes cultrijugatustROemern S44 aececence-cocsecosces esses sence AuodenariavdallS GW! ssescesescceetece ee oseeneceeee frnbriataiklallal'8 Gi, eesseseeseeseneseteste eeeeeeee ee perlamellosus Hall, 1857 ze DFUMGeVUS StEININGET, NSIS .-- easesscsacsecssaeeceacecesserereeetee ets raricosta Hall S86 csccccccssess-cacs csewsuenc te c-eceete ceaette ote tecteee ventricosa: Hall: 1857" csc cssescssceeovansscss sc teecseores tess teoeee ree SDINUCKOIGES MAURY iS mecencac cnee etea seca nee ee ee nO Sty Eaurentimestone eececcssseeecese ones teense see eee State Winiversity Collegevat Kredonial e-2: .c---ssescnecseceee eee erence Stenoscisma halli Fagerstrom, 1961 ..............2..2.2ss00+ rhomboidalis (Hall and Clarke) Fagerstrom, 1961 Stolliet aE sO GU dete cers cpereoccvetaces ese eooeeeecas tee aeae eee SUNAWI KOZ OWSKICU A) -xxore sen cone cctoscas ses esate 2 ses a OeT ET oT Stropheodonta cf. demissa Boucot and Johnson, 1968 .......... 16 Strophodonta amp lagrdal tS Gi) Secscoa cet ertsssees ences ae sete sere tose ote eee ee 18 demissai(Conradili842) |) sesccesscses essere eseee sees 2,3,16-17,43-44 Gemissavtdalli WSS Orcs. arse ce eee e renee acca eee eeoe een eee 16 JIE ACL) s EUS MIST) easton -seanoontosscnpese sooo socoocopaccoseseco0 17 Strophomena CLGULIN AICI A arena oes none RETA AON OSES. Oe 20 rip a allPAn S57) voce cess ece tates eee oe eee ee care eens ee eee 18 blainyillepBillingssalt8 74 peceres ore recee ce staee=-eeee tena se eee 14 Gemissai@ontads W842i es crcssscste cress er saces secccee ee sete eter eeaete 16 TedawBillings MSG Ol ere se- cecsetteere ese attees cee vas coos sare reese eee 15 MMUCTONALA MAAN SAB. ae, mec sone aeese se acetone se secre eeeceseeeseeee sees 18 punctulifera Gontad® [SS Sere s essere ececcsenesee ter eee eee eee eee 17 (Strophodoniayiarmplaialle 57m ecesescssceesaceesececencersaes ete 18 (Strophodonta)concava Hall 85 seccsestese-ceeecesceseceneseeess 16 SEP ODM ONEL Aa Hei resn see wale oe ose ree aac oa 2 SoS Seg ERT SOE a WORE CEE 15 amplatiallkandiGlarke; 118920 fec.e-rsccsecessct-aeceseessteeses-se> ae 18 GlapunctuliferaiBOucoteml Ol imessas-cocesete senescence ree erates 17 punctulyeramiallvand!Glarkes i892) gic scsccscesecen esos sexes ese ee 17 (Strophonellay errr eecs ca cons eee ee 18 subcarinata (aff.), Levenea ... (cf.), Levenea .... TE CVOR CDs sen soca eee as cach Sale Sawasdee as ds RST a aTETA Cae e eta deeas T [defined] Tennessee Terebratula concentrica-von Buchs 1S34 \.ciccc. ceceeecescceesesnees se scenes se -ooe 24 rectirostra Halls USGO! ccxcestecscenctecececucscasacsaeesecceceseeeeeetess romingert Pall 863) ses... .scscssscocccssceccssecssesssecseccencsssteces SMiogal’ Blashiayer ctovc.cose co.cc ae vococcesaeccpecstetesvecs aonee suerermaccee MTAVELSEYGTOUP) \ccccsenctsseescuseesssteesce-cacsaecsers see decese traversensis, Schizophoria ... Trematospira Hall, 1859 Camura (Fall: SSO oo. ac 2 tos es ocencewsaceteesoswedecceececoceencsees 30 PIbDOSAAallE 1859" crccscoccccescesoceceeseac ssc escresesen ete 6,29-30,47 multistriata (all MiS 517) Wecsessesces eee seeeeeeee seo eeeeeeeee tesa setae 30 perforata) (Hall S57) ssosesessecessecscoe conse oe enscnconsseeeeme eee 30 io CCR BSR nA ENS ERE SERE LE Gn aR EERO CRG cane cE eaeeEucodoceeerceccass Ministate aLcatncesteeteesceret eee tumida, Pentamerella 56 BULLETIN 346 WKG ain) 2.26 cc cces sacencseccessceceasesnessere ace, 225) umbonata, Cyrtina A835 UNIAN gUlata Athy Pay pesce ete ence ae ocere eaten ss occa secs eet sense 28 unisulcata, FE GY UT cB Cr eRObeCa CRC OBCEEECERE COR CR TOS oc chr Rae nctocncon cee nce hoc o aa 28 Wh eristell aia is. srorcce een eee Oe see OS Ie SS eae a ee nase 28 Meristella\(Rentagonia) erer-sas- sere eesec a ett tee nee eee 28 IRENLAZONIGE wesiecsteeaee anne een eee es .... 6,28-29 Winitedikin gd omc. cc. ce cee tesceetcene eee asec meets eee eee se i133 Winited|S tates: scsctctesec bcc ewc ces esc onads eee se ens aa sceeeecwse enseoneaueeee 23 WniversitvaotoMichiganwer--.ce-..-ce-ces-cea: ee eae oneness eee ees 8 WiniversitvzOonROCHeS tet ssensese se - sence eal anc eee ew eneee ee eeneacenne 6 USGS Le Roy quadrangle [7.5 minute series] Rush quadrangle [7.5 minute series] ......... U.S. National Museum of Natural History USNM Locality MID 5 its ae lee Ss ors rants cites oe Sead aacs Meee oe ces eos sees Sas esas 14 VQNICOSUS! AlALI ON INIA. necnesneas eee eee ee 31 ventricosa, (ASE) NU OOS Dinh geo a-ceono a Sate Soe eR 28-29 NucleOs pind nee oe. J ee 6,28-29 SPIO Tix ihc GS SR 28 VILLA, ALRY PIS pexced. 52. Sei 2 Soames ines = ode once 26 W [defined] |)