Z Yee Yi Yy jj YY AY LAY Ci \ AN SY AK \ A \\ AY \ SY WY ENR SADA N WNL RO NNO » \Y YY OY \ \ AX « WEEN LAN AQ \ \ raises SKC) Wer PERO NAN AQ \ Sq Ss Sy + -\ \\ iN Z CYHEE VAY (a ay Wk) Yk NY A \ WY WW << \ \\\ AYN \ \ AN QW AK \ OO \ \ \ \\ YY \ \ \ \ \ ANY AK AY RQQY AY \ \\ QY ~~ \ \ XK \ \ SS \ YS \ WY MH RQ \ \\ \ MMM NY ‘eis ¥ 5 ee f Ly Voras aa neh Oh Pals fr no 4 Bi SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 100 VOLUME 7 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BIOLOGY OF THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO AND ADJACENT REGIONS THE FISHES OF THE FAMILIES POMACENTRIDAE; LABRIDAE, AND \CALLYODONTIDAE, COLEECTED BY THE UNITED STATES BUREAU OF FISHERIES St RARER CAL BATROSS. CHIERLY IN, PHILIDPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT: WATERS BY HENRY W. FOWLER Of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia aad BARTON A. BEAN Of the United States National Museum UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON 1928 ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organi- zations and to specialists and others interested in the different sub- jects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes. The Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, consist of a series of separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasion- ally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, cata- logues of type-specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum. The present work forms No. 100, volume 7 of the Budletin series. ALEXANDER WETMORE, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. Wasuineron, D. C., February 23, 1928. Ir PREFACE The first part of a report on the immense collection of tishes made during the cruise of the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross in Philippine waters and adjacent seas in 1907-1910 is herewith presented. Reports on other families will follow as soon as completed. The present collections were obtained by dredging, seining, trap- ping, dynamiting the reefs, as well as by the use of submarine light at night and by the purchase of market material. Great credit is due to the scientific staff, consisting of Dr. Hugh M. Smith, director of the expedition; F. M. Chamberlain, naturalist; Lewis Radcliffe, assistant naturalist; C. I. Wells, ship’s clerk; and K. Ito, artist; for to their efforts we owe not only the splendid preservation of the material, but ichthyologists are also deeply indebted to them for the large number of color notes which accom- pany the specimens. These notes were based upon living material or upon specimens as soon after death as possible. In many instances these color notes were supplemented by color sketches made by K. Ito. These color notes are printed in the text and are cited with the tin-tag field number attached to the specimen upon which they were based. 32872—28 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page J EEPY TREO HEC IU yan ge ay ea ai ue ala Se eM edt gy a 1 BRUTE ys he TVD COT GLE hg sr aU ee nL ly eae Une Oe POND RN wee ae ISL 3 COLOR ETSI EFS EO OVE AS a ela ape spleen alee Miyagi ar ees AUN 4 IB TEMMASHD La CUlER EUS ee ty oes cele Sie er eee Ais, anne Wenn CN 4 CURTIS AIRED EA J Teh Te eee ee ee SN ENR sl NED SORELLE 6 Ampniprion Polymnus 2222 ot es ae SR Ouay eet Es Tet HePRAANRS ey 2 (ELE 6 NTT TGS) UAT OVS LOY OWS YO Gd KE) ay 1S HO et et hg nd gS dod nals nM 9 FATT AT OTEL OM DER CUA etre ee bce emer Meter Ney oe wi Os Seer Nn eee Lue 11 SS STL UE SS a NOR EAS Ce VDT NSS ess er aR RSE eS va ae Me SO Pen ee RR 13 BHRPetUs Ee elloOChrOMls ans cea toners se ee 14 DEUS CV PUUESS ET TNN EL CRUD EA Ua PoE EN SIE SRR 14 VAC VAI Sa TRAST FLU ee ese eat eet Se ee ce AE ERR EN on EO 17 SUDSEMUS IO AS CYS eeu ats ete nert ye Saat ap ines Sint ea ter Renae ae PRL 20 EDS Sey LUE: ren OT Sa UT Pe TEA da ee ee ON RS Se 20 SSD SSS ys UASS SAT OMAN wa an Nr eNO EIN ARR 21 IG CUS ING LO yet tena eae Tete an Ao bit SATE Ree eat 25 HEPA OZV SUS. CAEL O SOME eee Eee Rem n CEM OAM ene APES LOE ey UP 25 Genus AcHwiEnOCHTOMIS= = cect seen enon ries olin Miser rales ih CAUSA SEAS 27 AcANTtHoOChromiS: ; POLyYAGANth ys ree es AEA 27 AF TUS 7 CT OT Sic ene ee a a etre ene ee eS Se ACL AE ASOD Oho, Eom 29 PUD STIUS gO MMOMIS 20 eelewerret ime ven tee RES ie Se ARE MRP WR 31 ODLOMESMTELMA TCD STS eee we anes Wes eePO eas CEU REA 31 CSHEOMISN AMDOCS Sacre re se are ea eee a ee eA PH OMAR SLs 35 CHromis TSCOLOCHLTOP LST ees ee SNE PSN An A RN 38 MO EVT OFT Sy eT CLL C ULE GUIS oe a ce ec OCR SO nT Ta 40 ENTE TS ey GDC ee enn eee a att ORR AU eR NRA IC 41 MFO TINS A TMCS ees oes Nea STE Re Re 43 RE EXOOTAN LS eT LEED CED EAN oa es enter Ae Oe 45 HT OMMS MO PCLC ALLS aoe eee ee EE APN IO Wee 47 RO TOUMI SE TRC GU ate nee = tee roa REED, APR 50 Se SOM CLESTI OS EIST en ees EL Se CR 8) 51 SENT TET jC Cee te ATTEN ON AE VD, OER RC 52 (CHLOMIST TELLOLAS CLA CUS a ore oot a PARE Le MP ans RAM 53 OMPOIEES | CUNCEASCETIE 0 en ats AEE ERO a! 54. CHROUST DILACI Ais ssc mean ate REE EA ROU N O 56 OHEORUS “AAtITCLINCALOS nos hr Ue AR 57 Subgentis: Mepidochromis 2 ts SN I FEED EAR 58 WHEOmun CMa giepis. ee nt a STEPS ORE 58 Subgenus. Doryenromis. 2 ee EE 60 Li01 S610 LAS] ea eal Mle elapdiediath Sci Ash sl 60 Muneenas: FOMlOCHrOMIs. =. OA EO ie 61 TORE CHCROICUR co ne es EPITOME Meee 61 Genus Wiciowruim cee ee nt es ES Ade 64 Gheiloprion: Tapiatus= tee = BS ARO 64. 32872—28 os IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Family Pomacentridae—Continued. Page GENIUS POTN CO TT GIG eae ee I ate IS a EE ae 65 POMACENELUS! Fa V.iC aa ee ee Hae ny Sh pe pad Se 68 POMACENELUS: (CRO UUCUS ees SE a a a an Ae 1 ee eee 70 POMACENELUS VOLES CT ees rh SE A SN EL) 8) A Ee oo: Pomacentrus itaenmirus ye 82 Ee pee ee PP ee "2, POMACEMBEEMS!/ SOU NB ee eee ee es CU eae as Ce s Pomacentrus, “Libor alig eee ree ot ey ee cts ees 76 POMACEHITUS* MEAN OP TET US se eee ee se 80 Pomacentrus: amboGinensig sass Es ek el 86 POMACENELUS CL pPUNR CEA TUS ses a es ee a eet 89 Pomacentrus Stamm Or yOGh See ss eae el eee 97 PoOmMiAcentrus:, LET COSST YS eS = eT ir ene Vr ee 98 PPO WO AG OTUET US a NOUS EST te eon AS es ee me 99 POmeacenEnus Sis eee ee ee ee 100 IPOMACENtTUS) PErSplelll ats Se ee eee eee eee eee 101 POMACCHLLUS \PEGSOP Obs CH ee es aS a ee ee 104 POMACENtLUS, Hotophthalmays sos Se ee ee ee 107 Pomacentrus’ pristiger 200" iene evn oh aoe oe eae oe 109 IPOMACENETUS LAS CLAS eee Le es a aan eae ee a ee en POMIACCHERUS OV OUUCS ae ie ee a le a ee ee Rae Sie ie ee ils Pe POMACENLTUS- DEC VAC CPS SE ec ee ee 114 POMACENTEUS /DEAULOL GUL ee 8 tela a ala Sea Sa ae ae ee ee ey flee nay POMTACOMENWS) WV LLU ee a RET IE eral pe Rey eet 116 POMACENLTUS MIST IC AIS a Ng Beco eee ieee ee 118 GROTIUTS. “ay a Na NT SN TAS Soe ea ae Ye 120 DD EDV ef OT OTN a ee eI Na oo cag tee i ee ore ae 120 Gens Abu det hie te i a ee ADUGSECIE, Seer OHS ee ee ea ee es SE cee NS a ES 124 ADUGeLA UE | PEM SSIS Cone ee a a yg eee 128 Abhudetdut SCxfasciatUs is sce 2 ee oe hase BO eevee Sate a eee eS 129 AD UG eres SOT: 2 Sa ee ae a ae eee 132 Abudetdut Septemftascia tus = 222 Fess eee ee 135 AUG OLE 10 Cet Se ae a ale ae a ee eee 136 APudeLGut, Curd Gao mes pe ee a ee eee 138 Abudetduf auretisz s28ns £22 eek 2a ae 2 Se eee cee 142 Abudetdut-unime culatus): 222 oa Se ae eee ee 145 Abudeftdut Gickiitts 2) se 2 oes Be ee ee ’ 147 Abudefduf lemcoZonus ae sa ee a eee ee 149 Abudefduta7irepune taurus ae ee eee 149 Ay tl ee Rhea Tea Crs yma ea a a a 151 A budeftdiatiboneimte, eso nee Ae ae ane ees 154 Abudéefdutl tl 7 2 OTN pg Srna IE BER 2265 215 DM yseria Vara vhf ered oh o/s) ie eee NA isha ale none eeET we Dc 216 Duymaeriay ourtates oe 22 aie metabo ct rey Seri aaranpeany sieve re BP 08 3 218 SITES UD Te Bly Se es En er OEE Te a CY SRE EE EEE ES 219 inabricht ys: cyanormenia wien fe cs ele buptiaretey preity tah BES 220 ASTUTE SOC ee erty MC NS ter Ear NA PR aly etre eed cree eal eget eed 28) 221 SUESSa TROL CHS) sO EM ENS 1 Hg gt NP 222 WGA PLOLASS pst VEEN T UN ot Seyret Er te aie eae Sie 223 TIADLOLIGES-HUCOLOT ee at septa ry ena Sam ei leg PER is SNC a ae CORUNA BERL SE neha eee NE RN St AB SRN a amen ra TD arpa 3 224 Anampses: peterophthalmisics 2. weit! Wey cath pera valet eS 225 ANAMpSes...ceographicus 7s i ea poencegn me ceaieiyi ge fh sept ra 226 ~ ADA pses.,melerrrides = 2.20 Hoyer sco hw ery d whey cog nde Bit 227 ANAMpPSES! CACTTICO—DUNCLAGUS 20 oe ets Bier ROR Mile 228 VI TABLE OF CONTENTS Family Labridae—Continued. Page Genus Anampses.diadematusi—- 2 eee Dene ee 230 Stethojulis..2 220 2 te EU doen peat Me Ee 231 Subgenus Stetho jr lise ee eae ry et bertyey NLD, ee a 232 Stethojulis...strigiventer 222) 3 5 ee a ee 232 Stethojiwlis::vape ale rie Sra es tal ye Balhae AE) 234 Stethojulis. -phekadopleuras* 2. ee pete Bee A 237 Stethojulis:. .kalosom@. 22 wegely noise Fe he oe 238 Stethojulis. interrupta 2225! seein les opp, a Re Se 240 Subgenus: Rhytejulig sae 2 al np RE ee ea be Bid RE eae 241 Stethojulis albovittata scr 2s eye be Sie ey eae a ee 241 Stethojulis renandig 2 =e a Oe eee ss 242 Stethojulis. trilineatas. "os — seerenes Stee at 243 Genus -Hemigyminus +228 2 a i ote ee 244 Hemigymnus fasciatus ~---~--_-----~ ~--+------~---+------- 245 Hemigymmnus .melapterus..—-—7.--+- 22-2 = ee ee ete 247 Genus: Halichoeresn aaa oe Sip peti we Rh ps ee ee pe 250 Halichoeres..centriquadrus!=—-__-— 3-- ee ee 253 Halichoeres: seapularis.2- 22 2 eS ee ey ee 255 Halichoeres)..trimaculatus,~—_ 2 == 26 bigeye ee 258 Halichoeres.leucurus —-— =) Sew pei ep 2 ag Airey Te 260 Halichoeres: kallochroma si...) aiesus die tear tee oe 261 Halichoeres. melanuris 2 seeedet ip tes sy gem tape Sep Teaa ppece yeahs eo 262 Halichoeres', richmond = 2-2. Maeteieeietse isi Be 263 Halichoeres.: melanochir: 2.2 = = Sew spicasiy iver copeetevis eee Se 264 Halichoeres marginatus. 20) 22 tee ey etayh R eer peg tee 265 Halichoeréswrolickit, 2-2. 5-25 Sela tae Mee ees, 266 Elalichoeres: notopsis— += 2.52000 2 hy eae heres 267 Halichogreshoevenil: <8 en ay as ae ogee ieee 268 Halichoeres) Ininiatusy. 22 = ei elo Pinheiro 270 Halichoeres: margaritaceus 2. a ih eit ie aie Halichoeres::nebulosus..-.. ere ee IN SN Pea So he Halichoeres) teich@iz.2 ou... ep Seba el sob eager Es 275 Halichoeres' desmogenys}- 2). Sia it ae ne 276 Halichoeres: solorensis. 2.40400. a a | Ses ee pages 278 Halichoeres.papilionaceus...2 3-4 neonipos eh eyesy 278 Halichoeres smigrescensie <2 226 oe SOs See ee ea 280 Halichoeress bicolor. ue eee 6 Lie 282 Halichoeres .leparensis. S228 oe A SR 283 Halichoeres; binotopsisss.2 2 ON ieee Tee a 2 285 Halichoeres,: Diyala se eo eS area pidey pee gee re 285 Halichoeres:: poecilopterds, =. = Sate il Pere eer 286 Halichoeres:,amboinensis = +--+. (pi ato i yee EPO 288 Ha lichoeres, tenuispinis)=—-. ss Aa rh fy et 288 Halichoeres: prosopeion,.24.— sae ten os ep iat £8 290 BHalichoeres: hartzfeldii 2 a ee pee 291 Halichoeres angus) ci 2 oe ee es es ae i 292 Halichoeres, .chloropterus..- 3 Sane Se 294 Halichoeres.-gymnocephalus 2 tS bse pe get 296 Halichoeres: podostigma,.. ee ee Beans 297 Halichoeres:.Jeucostigma. _._ - euie te iiitingee hein ee eh 299 Genus: Macropharyngodon. ... 3 8 prea bier ees einer aap 2 299 Macropharyngodon .geoffroy —__.ssbieseebes. er 299 TABLE OF CONTENTS VII Family Labridae—Continued. Page GENTS CD tO TNa TES eI a eee ED aoe et 300 TMeprojmis:. Dard ali ge ho epee see wil Wales med Serena ee prpeeny Ye 301 GGONTISY COIS Ee oN Mg Ye LU AN Aaa A MN LEN Ma A TN ak pT 302 Cornish arn sribental Ne 0 ot PU ik a OE aa tas eer Rye ys 303 @WOriS Vamsi ae A et I IN Be Ue 304 QTE TD GTO Ns a a eg Rg ee 306 Corisgventsta a ee irony (petsmrkey ou CNet eager 307 Coe Mssea AE T ON res r a eae bare oa 308 Corish philippma’ ool oc, pce eens paprinenrsbeeepea EY Ni 309 Corisshayovitte te Cio eee EE nn Aira SG ERROR 310 COTE reat ang at eA a aa a i pacha Be 311 GEOTHTS EROLO oyna 0 SU a aS eC 313 Holosymnosus, Semidiscus.i2 4 Lo aieiae. ia anny eee) oo BS GrOTTIS Db Aa SSO ee A Re OPE 315 Thalassoma. quinguevittatus.__.2 Shree i ee i) 316 Thalassomawhardwicke ool 2 lL SUG eign EP pee ti 317 Thalassoma..schwanefeldinsc 4. st ai oe 320 PNT SATS SOE ce LUN aN A NE RD Os Bak Mhalassomanjansenils . 3 o252 5 oo BUY OS Vs 324 Thalassoma...umbrostigmay: oi ui Seu es ore LE heh 325 Thalassomas lutescenseh 3 re rag Wis Pn Se 326 Thalassoma,melanocb irs ec oN Pee ee A ON 328 ‘Ehalassoma)) Guperbe yess eS Ps UE EERE S ge ee 329 Thalassomalamblycephalus.2 22 Se a BE ee Cir ee ee ol 330 Thalassomea.:balliewi ies Uo sii te anne neg Pah Oke a RE eo 3a Genus AG Omi OS Te sy aha ee al Eh PN a LE Dh 331 OTP LOSS ay VTS UUT So ke fs UC eye TRE 332 Gomphosus, tricolor: 228 oe SE Ree TE 333 Ay earns GR RT et a ae ee aE OTN 335 COTO ATT Te EN OA NTO SEAS AGL BTN NS 335 eras ar Ts Ea TUT Se a I A EN V6 SN RNG a 338 Girrhilabrus itemmain chai oto a ee ee 338 Citrhilabrus)cyanoplenrac.s 2.2 VOU QO Beek) Ae OE Ya 339 Genus ,Pseudocheiinn s= 4220 Be 341 Psendocheilinus.. -hexataeniaw 2 VeRO SE ye eee ee Se 341 Genius rears oe Se a ee ED RT 343 MOH OULTIANT S's PUT a CL RGA Sas hE INE RE 344 Cheilinus oxy cephalus i ks PE 0) ee a ye Tg Bo 346 Cheilinus trilobatus._____..—— pig EE SLOSS ROCIO 2. 347 @hellinusfasclatuseu. lo EY LOOT 350 Cheillinus.and Ulatuse ce Pg ER 352 Cheilinus,.diagrammius Wo eT Oe a a 354 Chelkinus-Sumifascia tus ss se pee PE Bee 357 NOUS TOR ERATURE OA pe 358 @he#linwsechlonwmri sss A RU SL Ba 362 GOTITISTINO Wiel CULLIC HIDES see ce ag ali OL a MRA SER IA CUE 365 SPC GUS NOVEL CULICT CES cee a ee 365 NOVA CHIT GH BM VS TL CHOLE TIC O GUN Sao es se aN Ae ae 365 SEO POMS ss CLT CHUNG) Weta ees ket 8 8 LD FECA La De ig ae 367 INOW CUD CEIBDVIN ERO D eee his ayic's 2abGY i yee Dy Sey Oita ike Ab 367 ME CUITISS Aes TTR OREN Leese see res igre ee cual al ty Jn al RNa UP Dees cd I NEA 368 OVEMOMI LES eC IIL SCs rs eee sec esd 2a Le Me aeons Sad eal eds 368 VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS Family Labridiie—Continued. Genus Hemipteronotus Hemipteronotus: pentadactylus_2_-_—. Sstelveern ai fries, Fe Hemipteronotus celebicus Family Callyodontidae_________ ' Genus Searichthys Genus Genus Searichthys auritus__ Scarichthys coeruleopunctatus 2222 2s oy! 2 ier ae _ ee Leptoscarus TEPLaSCarus: (MpNCCCNSis 2 = AO le epee Lee Sa ee BO Meptoscaris: \WiTiGesGen soc Sb 0) alee aed pe Rue a Hes ogee We Leptoscarus \uvaisiensis a Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyedon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon Callyodon oedema___ erythrodon margaritus sordidus__ microrhino Heri dese pulchellus_ dimidiatus fasciatus__ kelloggi___ frenatus__ janthochir_ CRUG OTE SET GTS oS cae dussumieri oviceps___ pectoralis_ TUNUP TS sl 2s ee pk ag weap Be 2 MICTOCHEHOS i eo te eee a epee ante SL a lineolabla tus 28.2 eta aye veins eg LIS Meee ge balinensis_ viridibusiu tricolor. = blochii____ Sa a Ee et ee Eee ee ee TUDLOVIOlACCUS 3) 60. Sel apbe Ai Sei eye ea eg oe VETIMIC UGS 2) ae Ty Sey ee eet Fe dubius____ hypselopterus mnuchinunerstus 8 eee ea Me ea he Art Le muricatus_ bicolor____ SUP TATUSS en oo oa rey ea as Seas hee 2 as rees Segre Se Hixamingtion of. pilates 2 428 es Se EAS peer skeeee Page 370 370 372 372 373 373 375 376 317 378 380 381 385 385 397 398 407 410 414 417 418 420 423 425 429 434 436 446 449 452 453 457 457 459 460 462 469 472 473 484 487 493 495 496 THE FISHES OF THE FAMILIES POMACENTRIDAE, LABRIDAE, AND CALLYODONTIDAE COLLECTED BY THE UNITED STATES BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER “ ALBATROSS,” CHIEFLY IN PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS By Henry W. Fow ter Of the Academy of Natural Seiences of Philadelphia, and Barron A. Bran Of the United States National Museum INTRODUCTION In this paper we set forth the old group of Acanthopterygii Phar- yngognathi of Giinther, as represented by the A/batross collections. Only the Pomacentridae, Labridae, and Callyodontidae are included, as they are the only families represented. Though the localities are in great measure in the Philippines, a number also pertain to the Dutch East Indies anda few to Formosa, China, and the Midway group of the Hawaiian region of Oceania. These collections contain the most extensive Philippine materials yet obtained, and it therefore seems advisable to present our work in somewhat detailed form. The various distinctions for both gen- era and species, besides descriptions of all the species, have been at- tempted. Upward of 250 species are included, and we are therefore ‘able to establish nearly all the known Philippine species. A few are, also, additions to the fauna of the archipelago as well as to the entire East Indian region. In Pomacentridae we describe the following new forms: Pellochromis, new subgenus___-_-____ Daseyllus. Chromis reticulatus, new species. Chromis weberi, new species____.--~_- Chromis atripes, hew species. Chromis lineatus, new species_______- Chromis desmostigma, new species. Chromis elerae, new species. Chromis bitaeniatus, new species_____ Chromis azurelineatus, new species. Lepidochromis, new subgenus____-___ Chromis. Dorychromis, new subgenus____-____- Chronis. Pomacentrus smithi, new species______ Pomacentrus lepidogenys, new species. Pomacentrus reidi, new species_______ Pomacentrus stigma, new species. Pomacentrus beauforti, new species. Abudefduf azurepunctatus, new name_ Abudefduf bleekeri, new species name. Abudefduf thoracotaeniatus, new species. rhe Abudefduf melanocarpus, new species. 2 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM In Labridae: Choerodon margaritiferus, new species, Choerodon melanostigma, new species. Macrochoerodon, new subgenus_.__=___ Choerodon. Lienardella, new subgenus_.__.._--__. Lepidaplois. Gymnopropoma, new subgenus_______ Lepidaplois. Wetmoreila philippina, new genus and SPECI RA | Sui ai te EN PCa RAE Duymaeria guttata, new species. Labroides bicolor, new species. Rhytejulis, new subgenus___-____ Stethojulis. Halichoeres richmondi, new species___._ Halichoeres melanochir, new species. Halichoeres desmogenys, new species_. Halichoeres leucostigma, new species. Coris philippina, new species. Semachloreila, new subgenus_________- Novaculichthys. In Callyodontidae: Callyodon Vineolabiatus, new species. Callyodon viridibusius, new species. Callyodon vermiculatus, new species. We also include an examination ef all the installed representatives in the general series of fishes in the United States National Museum pertaining to the species embraced by this report, along with the types, and the material in the Academy of Natural Sciences has been studied and listed in the same manner. From these studies many valuable deductions and corrected deter- minations of materials have resulted. _ The figures illustrating this report were prepared under our direc- tion with the assistance of George MacReynolds. In explanation of the method used in describing species we might say that the depth of the body refers to its greatest depth not includ- ing vertical fins and the number of times it may be computed in the body length to the base of the caudal fin. The head is measured’ likewise with its breadth referring to its length; also the snout, eye, maxillary, and interorbital. When the mandible or lower jaw pro- trudes in front, the snout is mentioned with the number of times it is contained in the head, followed by the statement from snout tip, thus showing that the protruding portion of the lower jaw is not included in this measurement. In the same way the dimensions are intended to follow through the descriptions or until it is indicated as the total head length. As the lateral line is frequently incomplete or interrupted, the sec- tions are always indicated, thus a plus sign indicates an interruption (of either scales or pores), or of those on the caudal base. In cases where the lateral line is angularly bent on the side of the tail the interruption of the count is indicated by a comma. We are indebted to Earl D. Reid, of the Division of Fishes, for assistance in handling the large series of specimens. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 3 Family POMACENTRIDAE Body short, deeply ovoid, and well compressed. Snout short, often obtuse. Eye moderate, or large. Mouth small, terminal. Teeth only in jaws, conic or compressed incisors, palate edentulous. Preorbital sheaths maxillary. Single nostril each side of snout. Hind preopercle edge free, entire or serrated. Gill membranes free from the isthmus. Gills 314. Pseudobranchiae present. Branchi- ostegals 5 to 7. Lower pharyngeals entirely joined as a single bone. Subocular shelf and entopterygoid present. Fourth to fifth vertebrae with transverse processes; ribs, when present, attached to transverse processes of vertebrae. Scales usually minutely ctenoid, variable. Soft dorsal, anal and caudal scaled basally. Ventral axil with scaly flap. Lateral line divided, as upper anterior arch of tubes and lower posterior median section of simple pores, of which few or none on caudal base. Dorsal fin long, single, with many strong spines, and spinous fin longer than soft fin. Soft dorsal and anal similar. Anal spines 2. Paired fins usually long, ventral with spine and 5 rays, of which front ray longest and usually filamentous. Small, shapely fishes, compact in form, and most very brilliant or strikingly colored. They abound in the reefs of tropical seas, especially about coral heads, frequently in tide or rock pools. Many are extremely active and wary, so that only occasional specimens are obtained in small hauling seines. The extensive series obtained in the Philippines were most all secured by means of dynamite. They are frequent with many and greatly diverse invertebrate associations, Many feed on small marine animals, though those with incisor teeth are adapted to a herbivorous life. ANALYSIS OF THE GENERA a. Teeth conic or villiform, not compressed. bt’. PREMNINAE. Preorbital with strong spine extended backward. Premnas. b”. CHROMINAE, Preorbital without strong spine. o. Some’ of opercles with serrae 2220 Amphiprion, @. All of opercles serrate. d@. Preopercle alone, sometimes preorbital, serrated. e’. Dorsal spines 12 or 13. f*. Less than 30 scales in median lateral series________ Dascyllus. f?. More than 30 scales in median lateral series______ Lepidozygus. @., Dorsal spines A720 20th i) ees ly Acanthochromis. c. None of opercles serrated; lateral line not developed on tail_. Chromis. @’. POMACENTRINAR. Teeth more or less compressed. g. Lips greatly thickened, fimbriate and curled back over Snob eka ales St OU A Ue Ny Cheiloprion. g’. Lips normal. 4 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM h*. Preopercle serrate. i. Spinous dorsal and anal scaled like soft fins; subopercle and interopercle entire_._._-___-+-._--- Pomacentrus. #. Spinous dorsal and anal naked; subopercle and inter- ODETELE SOT TC Cees a ei SL ae el a Eh es Daya. h*. Preopercle smooth. e. Gillrakers: less: ‘than, 40-2240) ON Abudefduf. 7) Gill’wakers) TOMtoNSOLs woes, Yh a Hemiglyphidodon. Genus PREMNAS Cuvier Premnas Cuvier, Régne Animal, vol. 2, 1817, p, 345. Type Chaetodon biacu- leatus BiocH, monotypic. Oval. Head deep. Opercle rugosely striate, preopercle and sub- opercle denticulate. Preorbital ends in long, strong spine, directed backward. Branchiostegals, 5 or 6. Scales, 70 in median lateral series. Axillary ventral scale not developed. Dorsal with 10 spines, rarely 9; rays, 16 to 19. Anal with 2 spines and 14 to 16 rays. Cau- dal and paired fins rounded. Indian Ocean and East Indian region. PREMNAS BIACULEATUS (Bloch) Chaetodon biaculeatus Biocu, Naturg. Ausl. Fisch., vol. 4, 1790, p. 11, pl. 219, fig. 2. Hast Indies. Holacanthus biaculeatus Lackprpr, Hist Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1803, p. 5385 (Hast Indies). Premnas biaculeatus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 10 (Philippines).—Dr Crespieny, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1869, p. 248 (com- mensal with Actinia crasiecornis).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 380, pl. 8a, fig. 5 (Malay Archipelago).—BLEeKer, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 402 (3), figs. 7 and 9; Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 17 (Sumatra, Batu, Nias, Duizend Islands, Java, Bawean, Borneo, Celebes, Solor, Timor, Halmaheira, Batjan, Amboina, Ceram, Goram, Banda, Waigiu, Philippines, New Guinea).— Meyer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 33 (Mysore).—Day, Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 378, fig. 126—Hurrra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 548 (Luzon, Cavite, Santa Cruz).—(Rercan) Berpor, Rev. Suisse Zool., vol. 17, 1909, p. 169 (Amboina).—Weser, Abhandl. Senckenberg. Nat. Ges., vol. 34 (1), 1911, p. 7 (Kei Islands).—WEBER Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fiseche, 1918, p..3834 (Damar, Saleyer, Tual). Lutjanos trifasciatus Scunetper, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 568 (on Kortreuter, Nov. Comm. Acad. Petropol., vol. 10, 1763, p. 346, pl. 8, fig. 5. Moluccas). Premnas trifasciatus Cuvirr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 405 (Banda).—VALENCIENNES, Régne An. Cuy. IIl., 1839, pl. 32, fig. 2— ScHLEGEL and Miter, Nat. Ges. Nederl. Zool., vol. 2, 1839-44, p. 19, pl. 6, fig. 6 (Batavia). Scorpaena aculeata Lackpkpr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802, pp. 258, 268. No locality. Holocentrus sonnerat Lactpkpr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1803, pp. 344, 391. Mauritius. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 5 Premnas leucodesmus (KuHt and VAN HASSELT) CuvieR, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 409. Java. Premnas semicinctus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 409, pl. 1388. No locality. Premnas unicolor CuviEr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 410 (on Scorpaena aculeata LACEPEDE). Sargus ensifer Gray, Cat. Fish. Gronow, vol. 2, 1854, p. 66. Indian Sea. Premnas epigrammata Fow er, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 12, 1904, p. 532, pl. 19, lower figure to right. Padang, Sumatra. Depth 1% to 2; head 3 to 314, width 124 to 134. Snout 3 to 4; eye 414 to 5, 124 to 144 in snout, 114 to 144 in interorbital; maxillary reaches nearly to front pupil edge, 3 in head; teeth strong, conic, close set, uniserial, short; interorbital 324 to 314, broad, slightly convex; second preopercular spine along lower edge 144 to 214 in head; preopercle!edge more serrate with age. Gill rakers 7+ 13. lanceolate, slender, rather short. Tubes in lateral line 44 or 45, pores in straight section 11 to 18+0 to 5; 5 or 6 scales above lateral line to soft dorsal origin, 27 to 29 below, 17 to 22 predorsal; 6 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 4 to 6 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 57 and 9 transverse series of basal elements; denticles absent in small examples. D. X, 17, 1 or 18, 1, third spine 2 to 21% in head, twelfth ray 114 to 1%, first ray often simple; A. II, 14, 1, second spine 214 to 224, tenth ray 124 to 134; caudal 1 to 114, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 144 to 17%; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral 114. Deep brown generally, variously darker with shades of chestnut, sepia, and umber, usually with under surface of head, breast and belly paler. Whitish band, broad at first, includes occiput and extends down across front of opercle at least behind preopercle to gill-opening below, but not on breast. Second whitish band from last dorsal spines, narrowed below to vent. Third whitish band on caudal peduncle narrowed below and variously incomplete below. Iris brownish. Fins all uniform like body, often dusky to blackish terminally. Mauritius to India, East Indies, Philippines. 20475. Catbalogan, Samar. April 16, 1908. Length, 114 mm. 1 example, Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length, 110 mm. 5517 B. F. Malabon market. August 8, 1908. Length, 143 mm. 21342. Pendek Island. December 15, 1909: Length, 95 mm. 11712. Santa Cruz, Marinduque Island. April 24, 1908. Length, 110 mm. 1 example, Simaluc, Bisibisi. September 23, 1909. Length, 100 mm. 1 example, Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. Length, 63 mm. [2034.] Crim- son, bars olive, margined with black. 1 example, Tapiantana Island. September 13, 1909. Length, 115 mm. 1 example, Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 95 mm. 1 example, Una Una Road, Binang Unang, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes.. November 18, 1909. Length, 130 mm. [2050.] 6 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 1 example, Togian Bay, Togian Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 19, 1909. 27665 A.N.S.P. Padang, Sumatra. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Type of Premnas epigrammata. 27667 A.S.N.P. Padang. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Paratype of Premnas epigrammata. Genus AMPHIPRION Schneider Amphiprion ScHNerIpDER, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 200. Type Lutjanus ephippium Btiocu, designated by JorpDAN. and EvERMANN, Genera of Fishes, vol. 1, 1917, p. 59. Prochilus (on KLEIn, 1775) BieeKer, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 38, vol. 2, 1877, p. 20. Type Lutjanus ephippium Buioc#. Actinicola Fow er, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 12, June 10, 1904, p. 5383. Type Lutjanus percula LackpmpE, orthotypic. Oval or oblong. Upper jaw not protractile. Teeth small, uniserial, conic, or somewhat compressed. Suborbitals, opercle, interopercle, and subopercle with radiating serrae or spines. Scales small, 50 to 65 in median lateral series. Dorsal spines 9 to 11; rays 13 to 21. Anal rays 11 to 15. Caudal rounded or emarginate. Paired fins rounded. Brilliant fishes living in the coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific. Color pattern strongly contrasted with one or more white cross-bands. Some commensal in large sea anemones. Several species have been credited to the Philippines, apparently, on questionable authority. They are: Amphiprion bifasciatus (Bloch). Reported by Elera from Cebu.* Amphiprion intermedius Schlegel and Miiller. Reported by Gor- goza from Manila.? Also listed by Elera from Cebu, Luzon, and Manila.® Amphiprion sebae Bleeker. Reported from Santa Cruz, Luzon, and Cavite by Elera.* ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES a’. AMPHIPRION. Dorsal spines lower or subequal with dorsal rays. b*. Caudal emarginate or lunate; 3 white transverse bands_-___ polymnus, b?. Caudal truncate; 1 white band, narrow and only present on head. polylepis. a. ANcTINIcOoLA. Antero-median dorsal spines longest, equal or longer than dorsal rays; caudal rounded; 3 white transverse bands__---~-- percula, AMPHIPRION POLYMNUS (Linnaeus) Perca polymna LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 291. India. Anthias polymnus Biocu, Naturg. Ausl. Fisch., vol. 6, 1792, p. 103, pl. 316, fig. 1 (not variety, p. 106, pl. 316, fig. 3) (Hast Indies). 1Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 541. 2 An. Soc. Espanola, vol. 14, 1885, p. 73. 8 Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 542. 4Idem, p. 542. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 7 Amphiprion polymnus SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 203 (Hast Indies, Moluccas, Coromandel).—Wesrr, Zool, Forsch.,. Austral. Ritter Semon, vol. 5, 1895, p. 271 (Ambon).—SmiruH and Pops, Proe. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 30, 1906, p. 479 (Urado).—Wepserr, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 386 (Banda).—WHIttry, Australian Zoologist, vol. 4, pt. 4, April, 1926, p. 230 (Northwest Islet). Prochilus polymnus BLEEKER, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 400 (1), figs. 7-8; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 27 (Sumatra, Nias, Singapore, Banka, Duizend Islands, Java, Celebes, Flores, Solor, Ternate, Buru, Amboina, Ceram, Haruko, Banda, Goram, New Guinea, Philippines). Sparus milii Bory Str. Vincent, Dict. Class. Hist. Nat., vol. 16, 1831, p. 180, pl. [113] fig. 2. Shark Bay, West Australia. Amphiprion mylii THIOLLIERE, Faun. Woodlark, 1857, p. 198 .( Woodlark Island). ; Amphiprion bicinctus Rtrprtt, Atlas Reis Nord. Afr., Fisch., 1828, p. 189, pl. 35, fig. 1. Red Sea.—GtwnruHer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 8 (Red Sea) ; Fishes of Zanzibar, pt. 2, 1867, p. S80 (Zanzibar). Amphiprion chrysopterus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p: 401. No locality. Amphiprion sxanthurus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 402. Mauritius —GunTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 5 (Hast Indies).—Jouan, Mém. Soc. Nat. Cherbourg, ser. 2, vol. 3, 1868, p. 257 (Hong Kong).—Savuvacr, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 420 (type).—ISHIKAWA and MAtsuuRA, Prelim. Cat. Fish. Mus. Tokyo, 1897, p. 31 (Japan). Anthias clarkii BENNETT, Fishes of Ceylon, 1834, pl. 29. Ceylon. Amphiprion clarckii VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 9, 1833, p. 504 (on BENNETT). Amphiprion clarkii GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 5 (Amboyna, Singapore, Mozambique, China).—Kwer, Reise Novara, Fisch., pt. 2, 1865, p. 240 (Java, Hong Kong).—Marrens, Preuss. Exp. Ost Asien, 1876, p. 396.—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 378—Macteay, Proce. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 6, 1881, p. 57 (Endeavour River, Cook- town) .—BouLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 664 (Museat).— HERA, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 542 (Navotas, Luzon, Manila). Prochilus clarkii Birexerr, Nederl. Tijds.. Dierk., vol. 1, 1863, p. 23 (Ternate). Amphiprion japonicus ScHLEGEL, Faun. Jap., Poiss., pts. 2-4, 1843, p. 66. Japan. Amphiprion clarkii var. japonicus MARTENS, Preuss Exp. Ost. Asien, 1876, p. 896 (Nagasaki Bay). Amphiprion chrysargyrus RICHARDSON, Rep. Brit. Assoe. Adv. Sci. (Ach: Chin. Jap.), 1845 (1846), p. 254. China. Amplhiprion clarkit var. chrysargurus MARTENS, Preuss. Hxp. Ost. Asien 1876, p. 896 (Amboina). Amphiprion boholensis Cartier, Verh. Ges. Wiirzburg, vol. 5, 1873, p. 96. Bohol.—Hurra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 543 (Bohol, Cebu). Amphiprion ephippium (part) Day, Fauna Brit. India, pt. 2, 1889, p. 376. Amphiprion snyderit IsHiKAwA, Proc. Depart. Nat. Hist. Tokyo Mus., vol. 1, 1904, p. 11, pl. 5. Bonin Islands. Depth 14% to 2; head 314 to 314, width 124 to 134. Snout 8 to 314; eye 23% to 334, 11% in snout, 114 in interorbital, greater than 8 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM snout or interorbital in young; maxillary to eye, little beyond front eye edge in young, 214 to 2% in head; teeth compressed, uniserial, ends rounded, anterior larger and more robust; interorbital 21% to 3Y;, broad, but slightly convex; infraorbital and hind preopercle edge serrated. Gill rakers 7+ 12, lanceolate, slender, moderate. Tubes. in lateral line 31 to 37, pores in straight section 8 to 14+ 3 or 4; 5 scales above lateral line to soft dorsal origin, 19 or 20 below, 10 to 21 predorsal; 6 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 4 to 6 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 52 to 67, with 8 to 12 trans- verse series of basal elements; circuli fine. | D. X, 15, 1 or 16, 1, third spine 214 to 224 in head, tenth ray 144 to 1%, first ray frequently simple; A. IT, 18, 1 or 14, 1, second spine 31% to 334, fourth ray 214 to 214; caudal 23% to 3 in combined head and body, emarginate or lunate; pectoral 3 to 324; ventral 3 to 314; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head. Head light. brown, body variously hight brown to dusky brown in some examples, usually breast and belly pale. Broad, white, pre- dorsal vertical band down touching hind eye edge and extending to gill opening below, but not on breast. Second broad white band from last dorsal spines and front dorsal rays to postventral or close before front of anal, where meeting its fellow. Caudal peduncle with broad white band comprising most its extent. Iris pale brown. Dorsals dusky brown, except for second white band at bases of last spines and first ray. Anals dusky brown. Other fins all yellowish. Red Sea, East Africa, East Indies, China, Japan, Queensland, Melanesia. 1 example, Cebu market, Cebu. April 5, 1908. Length, 116 mm. [5375.] Entire body black, except anterior part of head and pectoral region, which vermilion with dusky shade on snout and along blue bar following. Broad azure-blue bar from front of dorsal to lower side of opercle, where terminat- ing in point; bar narrowly margined with brighter blue; dorsal, caudal and anal vermilion, the outer part of dorsal and caudal with orange; first anal membrane and 2 rays black; ventral black at base, orange-vermilion distally ; pectoral orange-vermilion. 19975. Cebu market. September 3, 1909. Length, 48 mm. [1888.] 1 example, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 96 mm. 14002. Gondra Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 113 mm. 1 example, Kowlon market. October 22, 1908. Length, 95 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 98 mm. 6658 and 6659. Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 65 to 93 mm. 3 examples. 2 examples, Mactan Island, Cebu. March 25, 1909. Length, 94 to 105 mm. 2 examples Pandanon Island. * March 23, 1909. Length, 85 to 100 mm. | 1 example, Philippines. Length, 80 mm. 1 example, Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 18, 1908. Length, 8S mm. 12189 and 20781. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 98 to 112 mm. 6 examples. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 9 13401 Rapu Rapu Island. June 22, 1909. Length, 77 mm. 1 example, San Miguel Harbor, Ticao Island. April 21, 1908. Length, 85 mm. 1 example, San Roque, Leyte Island. July 29, 1909. Length, 105 mm. [1756.] General color very dark brown, almost black; snout and front of head paler, bars bluish white; caudal lemon; soft dorsal and anal with very narrow white margin. 1 example, Simalue Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 100 mm. 2 examples, Sitanki Reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 92 to 105 mm. 13146. Tumindao Island. February 26, 1908. Length, 68 mm. 12778. Limbe Strait, Celebes, East Indies. November 10, 1909. Length, 115 mm. : 2 examples, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length, 83 to 107 mm. ! 5 examples, Tidore Island. November 25, 1909. Length, 98 to 112 mm. 1 example, Una Una Road, Binang Unang Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 1083 mm. 45067 U.S.N.M. Seychelles. From British museum. Length, 65 mm. 50434 U.S.N.M. Hong Kong.)'P. L. Jouy. Length, 95 mm. 57722 U.S.N.M. Japan. P. L. Jouy. Two examples, 105 to 108 mm. 59692 U:S.N.M. Urado, Japan. Dr. H. M. Smith. Length, 110 mm. 61679 U.S.N.M. Suva, Fiji. Dr. B. G. Corney. Length, 123 mm. 61690 U.S.N.M. Mauritius. Col. N. Pike. Length, 110 mm. Differs in the caudal fin deep brown with narrow white border above extending to tip of fin. 6295 U.S.N.M. Ousima, Japan. W. Stimpson. Length, 97 mm. AMPHIPRION POLYLEPIS (Bleeker) Prochilus polylepis BirmKer, Versl. Kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 11, 1877, p. 185. Amboina and South-east New Guinea.—BLEEKER, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 401 (2), fig. 6; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 22 (Amboina and New Guinea). Amplhiprion frenatus Brevoort, Exp. China Jap. Perry, vol. 2, 1856, p. 2638, pl. 6, fig. 4. Nafa, Okinawa, Riu Kiu.—Gir1, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, p. 148 (Japan).—Jorpan and Snyper, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, 1902, p. 597 (Okinawa and Shimoda).—Snyoprer, U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, 1912, p. 504 (Okinawa). Amphiprion tricolor (not GUNTHER) ISHIKAWA and Matsuura, Prelim. Cat. Fish. Imp. Mus. Tokyo, 1897, p. 31 (Japan). Depth 134 to 1%; head 3 to 324, width 114 to 134. Snout 2% to 514; eye 3% to 414, 13% in snout, 11% to 1% in interorbital; maxil- lary reaches eye in young, not quite to eye in adult, 3 to 31% in head; teeth uniserial, strong, rather conic, anterior little enlarged; inter- orbital 2% to 3, broad, little convex; infraorbital and preopercle edge finely serrated. Gill rakers 5+11, lanceolate, robust, rather short. Tubes in lateral line 36 to 39, pores in straight section 10 or 11+1 to 3; 5 scales above lateral line to origin of soft dorsal, 19 to 21 below, 19 to 22 predorsal; 4 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 5 to 7 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 50 to 53, with 4 to 8 trans- verse series of basal elements; circuli fine. 32872—28——_2 10 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM D. IX, 17, 1 or 18, 1, third spine 224 to 2% in head, eighth ray 136 to 134, sometimes first 9 rays simple; A. II, 14, r or 15, 1, second spine 244 to 314, eighth ray 114 to 134; caudal 1 to 114, con- vex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 144 to 1%; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral 1 to 11%. Light yellowish to dusky or dusky black generally. Iris brown, variously dark as in darker examples. Broad white band from predorsal down close behind, or touching eye, to lower edge of gill- opening, but not on breast and bordered in pale examples with dusky line in front and behind. Fins yellowish to dusky black or variously all yellowish, even in blackish examples. Sometimes one or both ventrals may be black with broad or narrow yellow tips in dark example. Some examples only with yellow pectorals. East Indies, Riu Kiu. Our materials show variations corresponding very well with Pro- chilus macrostoma, Prochilus polylepis, and Prochilus melanopus of leeker’s Atlas. Besides these we have other quite variable con- ditions of color. We have omitted Amphiprion tricolor Gimnther, described with black edges to the anal and ventral from Queensland, as distinct. 2 examples, Batan Island. June 5, 1909. Length, 71 to 108 mm. 1 example, Biri Channel, Balicuatro Island. June 1, 1909. [1547.] Length, 82 mm. Bright reddish-orange; bluish-white bar from nape across side of head to edge of interopercle, narrowly bordered on either side by black line, not quite touching eye; fins body-color, more yellowish terminally; ventral fronts narrowly black and front of anal similar. 189. Busin Harbor, Burias Island. December 29, 1908. Length, 120 mm. 1 example, Butauanan Island. June 13, 1909. Length, 92 mm. 1 example, Cagayan. January 8, 1909. Length, 102 mm. 1 example, Cataingan Bay, Dumurury Point, Masbate. Length, 75 mm. April 19 1908. [553.] Upper part of side and back anteriorly dark chinese-orange, posteriorly sepia-plack; posterior portion of caudal peduncle white, washed with very pale chrome, which continues more marked on caudal fin; top of head behind eye dark chinese-orange; anterior portion of snout very pale, with slight orange shade; breast and belly with dusky-orange shading into browns of upper portion of side; white bar across nape downward to inter- opercle, becoming bluish toward edges and defined from adjoining portion by wavy seal-brown line; similar bar across side including half of dorsal fin from posterior dorsal spine to yent; dorsal body-color, spinous portion mar- gined with darker, posterior or soft portion margined with white; anal color of adjacent body, margined narrowly with white on black; paired fins orange; ventral narrowly with front and margin black. 4 examples, Catbalogan, Samar. April 14, 1908. Length, 98 to 120 mm, 6679 to 6693. Catbalogan, Samar. April 15, 1908. Length, 74 to 180 mm. [531.] Middle of body seal-brown; nose, breast, throat, and contour around to front of dorsal brilliant-orange; broad bar across head and nape to lower edge of interopercle heliotrope-purple, bordered with bluish and again with black; portion on interopercle largely blue; top of head largely suffused with orange; vertical fins bright orange, spinous dorsal narrowly tipped with FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 11 black and anal same. Narrow line of black on edges of caudal lobes basally. Paired fins orange, front of anal black. Small examples sometimes entirely orange. 10837. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 103 mm. i example, Little Santa Cruz Island, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 87 mm. 16142. Mahinog, Camiguin Island. August 3, 1909. Length, 62 mm. 10815. Murcielagos Bay, Mindanao. August 20, 1909. Length, 120 mm. 11275. Pandanon Island. March 23, 1909. Length, 122 mm. 1 example, Point Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. Length, 78 mm. 20928. Puerta Princesa, Palawan. April 5, 1909. Length, 91 mm. 11398. Sabtan Island. November 8, 1908. Length, 107 mm. 19105. Silino Island. August 10, 1909. Legnth, 113 mm. 2 examples, Sitanki Reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 104 to 117 mm. 1 example, Taganak Island. January 7, 1909. Length, 118 mm. [1045.] Seal brown or black; front of head and fins vermilion; ventrals becoming black at bases; bar through head bluish white, margined with bright blue and black. 2 examples, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island, Hast Indies. December 10, 1909. Length, 50 to 85 mm. 3 examples, Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length, 74 to 85 mm. 57590 U.S.N.M. Japan. P. L. Jouy. Length, 65 mm. 71702 U.S.N.M. Nafa, Okinawa. Albatross collection. Length, 90 mm. AMPHIPRION PERCULA (Lacépéde) Lutjanus percula Lactripe, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1802, pp. 194, 239. Port Praslin, New Britain. Amphiprion percula Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 397 (Port Praslin, Dorah, Borabora, Vanicolo) —ScHLeceL and MULter, Nat. Ges. Nederl. Zool., 1889-44, p. 19 (Indian Ocean, West Sumatra, Java Sea, Celebes).—GUntTuHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 6 (China Sea, Sumatra, Amboina).—Kwner, Reise Novara, Fisch., pt. 2, 1865, p. 241 (Nicobars).—Martens, Preuss. Hxp. Ost Asien, 1876, p. 396 (Ter- nate).—ALLEYNE and Macieay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 1, 1876, p. 342 (Darnley Island).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 379, pl. 80, fig. 4 (Andamans).—KtLunzinerr, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 80 (1), 1879, p. 396 (Port Darwin).—GUnTHER, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 225, pl. 124 A (Hast Indies and Solo- mons).—Meryer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 33 (Manado and Mysore).—Day, Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 377.—KeEnt, Great Barrier Reef, 1893, p. 145 (Queensland).—Htera, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 542 (Santa Cruz, Luzon, Cavite).—Werser, Zool. Forsch. Austral. Ritter Semon, vol. 5, 1895, p. 271 (Ambon).—STEINDACHNER, Abhand. Senckenberg. Nat. Ges., vol. 25, 1900, p. 488 (Ternate).—Fow Ler, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 12, 1904, p. 5383 (Padang).— Weser, Abhandl. Senckenberg. Nat. Ges. vol. 34 (1), p. 7 (Kei Islands).—WebeER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 335 (Sanguisiapo, Sulu Archipelago, Borneo Bank, West New Guinea, Gisser, Ambon, Elat, Rotti, Sumbawa, Macassar). Prochilus percula BurrKer, Neder]. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 1, 1863, p. 241 (Obi) ; Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 400 (1), fig. 2; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 33 (Sumatra, Batu, Nias, Singapore, Banka, Lepar, Java, Celebes, Timor, Batjan, Buru, Obi 12 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM major, Amboina, Haruko, Nussalaut, Ceram, Goram, Waigiu, New Guinea). Anthias polymnus (part) Biocu, Naturg. Ausl. Fisch., vol. 6, 1792, p. 103, pl. 396, fig. 3 (Hast Indies). Amphiprion tunicatus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 399, pl. 152. Vanicolo.—Lesson, Voy. Coquille, Poiss., vol. 2 (1), 1830, p, 192, pl. 25, fig. 8 (Praslin and Doreh). Amphiprion ocellaris Cuvirr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 399. Sumatra. Anphiprion melanurus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 400. Sumatra. Amphiprion bicolor CasTELNAU, Proc. Zool. Acclim. Soc. Victoria, vol. 2, 1873, p. 92. Port Darwin. Depth 21% to 214; head 3, width 114 to 134. Snout 314 to 4; eye 3¥4 to 4%, 14% in snout, 114 in interorbital, little greater than snout or interorbital in young; maxillary to eye, little beyond front eye edge in young, 224 to 234 in head; teeth compressed, rather broad, uniserial, ends convex; interorbital 4 to 414, nearly level; infraor- bital edge coarsely denticulate and preopercle with hind edge nearly entire, minutely serrate in young. Gill rakers 5+12, lanceolate, rather robust, short. Tubes in lateral line 31 to 33, pores in straight section 8 to 10+0; 4 or 5 scales above lateral line to origin of soft dorsal, 23 or 24 below, 12 to 14 predorsal; 5 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 6 to 9 basal radiating striz; apical denticles 14 to 27, with 2 transverse series of basal elements. D. X or XI, 141 to 17, 1, third spine 214 to 234 in head, tenth ray 122 to 1%; A. II, 12, 1, second spine 3, fifth ray 124 to 144; caudal convex behind, 31% in combined head and body; least depth of caudal peduncle 144 to 1% in head; pectoral 1; ventral 114 to 124. Uniform light brown, usually somewhat cinnamon. Brown white band from occiput down enclosing entire opercular region and not on preopercle edges, darker within each of brown areas. From low posterior dorsal spines second broad white band, triangularly for- ward to humeral region, and meeting its fellow at vent and post- ventral region. Caudal peduncle with third broad white band, contrasted with dusky all around edges. Dorsals dark brown, spinous fin, except for white band posteriorly, uniform. Soft dorsal with upper edge usually white, to join white band of spinous dorsal, though not always, and posteriorly margin of fin broadly white. Lower and hind anal edge white with submarginal black band, fin basally orange to light brown. Caudal brown, with hind mar gin broadly white, with entire border sometimes oe white to join white band on suru peduncle, especially in young examples; also dark to blackish submarginal band. Iris light brownish to yellowish. Pectoral pale brown, with submarginal blackish. band = FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 13 and edge rather broadly white. Ventral yellowish or light brown basally, terminally blackish. India, East Indies, Queensland, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. 2 examples, Bolinas Bay. May 10, 1910. Length, 45 to 72 mm. 1 example, Catbalogan, Samar. April 14, 1908. Length, 82 mm. 3 examples, Catbalogan, Samar. April 16, 1908. Length, 48 to 70 mm. 14445. Catbalogan, Samar. April 16, 1908. Length, 83 mm. 1 example, Cebu market. August 28, 1909. Length, 51 mm. 2 examples, Endeavor Strait. December 23, 1908. Length, 41 to 69 mm. 1 example, Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length, 57 mm. 22605. Mompog Island. March 3, 1909. Length, 67 mm. 2 examples, Nabatas Point, Samar. July 24, 1909. Length, 45 to 57 mm. 22436 and 22437. Port Caltom. December 15, 1908. Length, 51 to 68 mm. 3 examples, Rasa Island, Mantaquin Bay, Palawan. April 1, 1909. Length, 46 to 84 mm. 6 examples, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length, § to 50 mm. y 1 example, Sadaa, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 66 mm. 27667 A.N.S.P. Batu Sangkar, Sumatra. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Length, 78 mm. 27651 A.N.S.P. Padang, Sumatra. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Length, 45 mm. Genus DASCYLLUS Cuvier Dascyllus Cuvirr, Régne Animal, ed. 2, vol. 2, 1829, p. 179. Type Chaetodon aruanus LINNAEUS, monotypic. Dascilus (GrRonow) Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. London, ser. 2, vol. 18, January, 1854, p. 44. Type Chaetodon aruanus LINNAEUS. Dascillus Gray, Cat. Fish. Gronow, vol. 2, 1854, p. 171. Type Chaetodon aruanus LINNAEUS. Pirene (not Haipay 1833) GuisteL, Naturg. Thierr., 1848, p. 1x. Type Chaetodon aruamis LINNAEUS, Virtually, as Pirene GisTEeL a substitute for Dascyllus CUVIER. Tetradrachmum Cantor, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal (Cat. Malay. Fish.), vol. 18 (2), 1849 (1850), p. 1223. Type Chaetodon arcuatus SHaw, monotypic. Orbicular. Head deeper than long. Upper jaw protractile. Teeth in narrow band in jaws, small, slender, pointed, outer row somewhat enlarged. Preopercle and sometimes preorbital serrated. Gills 314. Pseudobranchiae present. Branchiostegals 5. Air-vessel large. Pyloric appendages 2 or 3. Scales moderate, 27 to 30 in lateral series. Snout scaly. Lateral line extends below soft dorsal. Dorsal with 12 or 13 spines, rays 12 to 16. Anal spines 2, rays 12 to 15. Caudal little emarginate. Indo Pacific. ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES a’, PELLOCHROMIS, new subgenus. Dark or dusky generally, largely uniform, without transverse black bands. do. Caudal little emarginate; young and adults with whitish dorsal spot and young with single white predorsal spot-______________ trimaculatus. 14 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM b*. Caudal moderately emarginate; body lighter; young and adulis with obscure transverse dark band, but without dorsal or nuchal spot. marginatus. a. Dascyttus. Ground color white, with 3 black transverse bands, strongly contrasted. : é: Caudal largely, black jee ye ppg ee ee melanurus. *.. Gardai sy Bite cee) cee ge a eB al aruanus. PELLOCHROMIS, new subgenus Type—Pomacentrus trimaculatus Riippell. Coloration dusky or sombre, largely uniform and without broad black vertical bands. (weAAos, dark; Chromis; with reference to the dark or dull colora- tion. ) DASCYLLUS TRIMACULATUS (Riippetl) Pomacentrus trimaculatus RuUpprett, Atlas Reis. Nord]. Afr., Fische, 1828, p. 39, pl. 8, fig. 8. Massaua, Red Sea. Dascyllus trimaculatus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 18380, p. 442 (Massaua).—Gutnruer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 18 (Red Sea, Mauritius, Mozambique, Amboina, Louisiades, Aneiteum, type of D. unicolor and Pomacentrus nuchalis); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 8t (Aden, Zanzibar).—Capretio, Journ. Soc. Lisboa, 1871, p. 281 (Mozam- bique).—KtunzinererR, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 519 (Koseir, Red Sea).—Canrrier, Verh. Ges. Wiirzburg, vol. 5, 1874, p. 97 (Ubay, Bohol).—Gtnruer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 236 (Red Sea, East Africa, East Indies, Society Islands, Kingsmills, Pelew Islands, Yap, Louisiades, Aneiteum, Hawaiian Islands).—BovuLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 664 (Muscat).—Wesrer, Zool. Forsch. Astral. Ritter Semon, vol. 5, 1895, p. 27 (Ambon).—Fow.rr, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 12, 1904, p. 553 (Padang, Sumatra) .— Reean, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (2) Zool., vol. 12, 1907, p. 229 (Car- gados Carajos).—JorpDAN and SEALE, Bull. Bur. Fish., vol. 27, 1906 (1907), p. 27 (Manila).—Ree@an, Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, 1914-1917, p. 459 (Durban, Natal).—Fowter, Copeia, No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 64 (Philip- pines). Tetradrachnwum trimaculatus BLEEKrER, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 409 (10), fig. 8; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. G), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 144 (Sumatra, Java, Bali, Celebes, Batjan, Buru, Amboina, Haruco, Ceram, Banda, Goram). Tetradrachmum trimaculatum. Day, Fishes of India, Suppl., 1888, p. 801; Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 379—SretnpAcHNER, Abhandl. Senckenberg. Ges., vol 25, 1900, 439 (Halmaheira and Ternate).—Weser, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 356) (West New Guinea, Lucipara Island, Banda). Pomacentrus nuchalis BENNETT, Life of Raffles, 1830, p. 688. Sumatra. Dascylius unicolor BENNEtrT, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 1, 1831, p. 127. Mauritius. Dascyllus niger BLErKeR, Verh. Batav. Genoot. (Labr.), vol. 21, 1846— 1847, p. 10. Java. Sparus nigricans (part) Gray, Cat. Fish. Gronow, vol. 2, 1854, p. 61. India. Dascyllus albisella Grit, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 149. Hawai- ian Islands. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 15 Depth 124; head 8 to 314; width 1% to 1%. Snout 3 to 314; eye 224 to 244, greater than snout, 1 to 11% in interorbital; maxillary reaches front eye edge or front pupil edge, 244 to 3 in head; an outer series of enlarged conic, simple teeth and an irregular biserial inner band of minute teeth; interorbital 234 to 244, broadly convex; pre- orbital and antero-infraorbitals free, lower edges minutely serrated; preopercle edge minutely serrated. Gill rakers 6+17, slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 19 or 20, pores in straight section 8 or 9, some- times somewhat tubular, to caudal base and 0 to 2 more on latter; 4 scales above lateral line, 11 or 12 below, 28 to 30 predorsal forward to snout end; preorbital with 2 or 3 rows of scales, 1 row on infraor- bitals and 5 more rows on cheek. Scales with 5 to 7 basal radiating striae, edges scalloped; apical denticles 78 to 143, basal elements in 2 to 4 transverse series; circuli very fine. D. XI or XII, 15, 1, third spine 124 to 114 in head, sixth ray 1144 to 124; A. II, 13, 1, second spine 124, fourth ray 114 to 124; caudal 3 in combined head and body, little emarginate and upper lobe slightly longer; least depth of caudal peduncle 144 to 1% in head; pectoral 3 to 314 in combined head and body; ventral 224 to 244. Bister to olive-brown, each scale with slightly paler center. Often some walnut brown shades on head or front of body, sometimes on caudal peduncle. Iris deep brown. Round white spot, size of pupil, above lateral line and below seventh and eighth dorsal spines. Vertical fins and ventrals seal-brown to blackish. Pectoral brown, hke body color, with small dusky brown spot at origin. Red Sea, East Africa, Mauritius, India, East Indies, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, Hawaii. The young often have a white blotch extending well down on the side of the body, besides a white blotch at the nape. Some also have the soft vertical fins whitish. 11122. Alibijaban Island, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 6, 1909. Length, 115 mm. 1 example, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 98 mm. 1 example, Bagacay Bay, Escarpada Island, Maranjos Group. March 13, 1909. Length, 132 mm. 1 example, Bolinao Bay. May 10, 1909. Length, 35 mm. 1 example, Buang Bay, Talajit Island. Mareh 15, 1909. Length, 114 mm. 1 example, Bugsuk Island, Balabac. January 5, 1909. Length, 64 mm. 2 examples, Burias Island, Alimango Bay. March 5, 1909. Length, 71 to 102 mm. 1 example, Busin Harbor, Burias Island. March 8, 1909. Length, 90 mm. 7 examples, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 36 to 120 mm, 12741. 9 examples, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Island. February 24, 1909. Length, 30 to 97 mm. 1 example, Capunuypugan, Mindanao. May 9, 1908. Length, 80 mm. 3 examples, Caxisigan Island. January 2, 1909. Length, 75 to 112 mm. 16 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 7423. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 77 mm. 3 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 94 to 103 mm. 3 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 35 to 39 mm. 3 examples, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 70 to 125 mm. 9909 and 9910. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8, 1909. Length, 80 to 102 mm. 8 examples, Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 9, 1909. Length, 60 to 77 mm. 1 example, Ligpo Point, Balayan Bay, Luzon. January 18, 1908. Length, 106 mm. 1 example, Limbones Cove. February 8, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz Bay. May 28, 1908. Length, 75 mm. 8 examples, Mactan Cove, Mactan Island. April 6, 1908. Length, 70 to 100 mm. 1 example, Mactan Island, Cebu. March 25, 1909. Length, 108 mm. 13542. 4 examples, Makyan Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 75 to 108 mm. 2 examples, Malapascua Island. March 16, 1909. Length, 82 to 103 mm. 5 examples, Malanipa Island. September 8, 1909. Length, 50 to 127 mm. 1 example, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 110 mm. 2 examples, Murcielagos Bay. August 9, 1909. Length, 95 to 110 mm. 8739 B. F. Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 66 to 133 mm. 6 examples. 22 examples, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 53 to 118 mm. 11411. Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 85 mm. 2 examples, Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 70 to 82 mm. 1 example, Pandanon Island. March 23, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 7 examples, Pangasinan Island. February 13, 1908. Length, 63 to 95 mm. 5 examples, Pasacao, Ragay Gulf. March 9, 1909. Length, 75 to 115 mm. 1 example, Philippines. Length, 94 mm. 12931. 6 examples, Pilas Island. September 12, 1907. Length, 88 to 120 mm. 11 examples, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 57 to 110 mm. 12439 and 19963. 5 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. Length, 82 to 110 mm. 10511. 11 examples, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 66 to 110 mm. 2 examples, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 10, 1908. Length, 114 to 128 mm. 12183, 12184, 20783. 5 examples, Powati Harbor, Makyan Island, November 28, 1909. Length, 68 to 120 mm. 20931. Puerta Princessa, Palawan. April 5, 1909. Length, 68 mm. 5 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro, December 12, 1908. Length, 46 to 73 mm. 12218. Santa Cruz Island, Marinduque. April 24, 1908. Length, 113 mm, 2 examples, Simaluc, Bisibisi. September 23, 1909. Length, 86 to 116 mm. 1 example, Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 82 mm. 12603. Sitanki Wharf. February 26, 1908. Length, 124 mm. 11495 and 11496. 3 examples, Sulade Island. September 17, 1909, Length, 102. to 117 mm. 4 examples, Taganak Island. January 7, 1909. Length, 26 to 90 mm. [1046 to 1049. ] FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 17 2 examples, Tumindao Island, reefs of south lagoon. February 26, 1908. Length, 80 to110 mm. [340 to 342.] Olive-drab, middle of side lighter ; edges of scales with darker, somewhat blotched at tips, giving rise to longitudinal lines; head with purple shades. Dorsal body color, at base, beyond scales black; soft portion with slaty shades, becoming hyaline terminally. Caudal smoky, flushed with yellowish at base on peduncle. Anal base body-color, tips of spines and first ray black; soft fin slaty purple, paling at tip. Ventral blackish. Pectoral smoky hyaline with blackish blotch at upper base. Dark shades on edge of opercle and shoulder above. Iris brownish, eye under rim of orbit black. 1 example, Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 185 mm. 1 example, Tutu Bay, Jolo Island. September 19, 1909. Length, 110 mm. 21484. 4 examples, Tifu Bay, Bouro Islands. December 10, 1909. Length, 26 to 118 mm. 1 example, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length, 118 mm. 1 example, Dodepo and Pasejogo Islands, Celebes. November 19, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 1 example, Labuandata Bay, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 18, 1909. Length, 80 mm. 12771. Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1910. Length, 112 mm. 1 example, Sadaa, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 90 mm. 1 example, Una Una Road, Binang Unang Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length 124 mm. 1 example, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length 95 mm. 49291 U.S.N.M. Red Sea. Bellotti. 1 example. Length, 104 mm. 51131 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. U. 8. F. Com. 1 example. Length, 115 mm. 52208 U.S.N.M. Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. 1 example. Length, 75 mm. 55214 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. Albatross. 1 example. Length, 48 mm. 55322 U.S.N.M. Honolulu. Albatross. 12 examples. Length, 13 to 60 mm. 55379 U.S.N.M. Honolulu. Albatross. 4 examples. Length, 79 to 117 mm. 65813 U.S.N.M. Jaluit, Marshalls. Albatross. 1 example. Length, 120 mm. 6274 U.S.N.M. Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. W. H. Pease. 4 examples. Types of Dascyllus albisella. 9615 to 9618 A.N.S.P. Hawaiian Islands. Thomas Nuttall. [Discarded.] 9619 A.N.S.P. Oahu, Hawaiian Islands. Dr. W. H. Jones. 1 example. Length, 55 mm. 27669 to 27671 A.N.S.P. Padang, Sumatra. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Length, 90 to 95 mm. DASCYLLUS MARGINATUS (Riippell) Pomacentrus marginatus RUprett, Atlas Reis. Nordl. Afr., Fische, 1828, p. 38, pl. 8, fig. 2. Massaua, Red Sea. Dascyllus marginatus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 489, pl. 133 (Red Sea).—GuERIN-MENEVILLE, Icon. Régne Animal Cuvier. vol. 4, 1830-44, pl. 19, fig. 6—SreinpACHNER, Verh. zool. bot. Ges, Wien, vol. 1, 1861, p. 77. (no lccality). —Gtnruer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 14 (Red Sea); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 81 (Aden, Zanzibar).— Kiunzinerr, Verh. zoo]. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 520 (Koseir, Red Sea).—KossMANN and RAvuser, Zool. Ergebn. K. Acad. Wiss. Berlin, vol. 18 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 1, 1877, p. 23 (Red Sea).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 381, pl. 79, fig. 7; Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 380, fig. 127.—Savuvacz, Hist. Madagascar, Poiss. 1891, p. 422.—Borsieri, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, (3), vol. 4, 1904, p. 214 (Massaua, Dilemmi, Entufasch Island).—BAmMBER, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 31, 1915, p. 481 (between Suez and Suakim). Heliases reticulatus RicHaRDSON, Rep. Brit. Assoc. Ady. Sci. (Fish. Chin. Jap.), 1845 (1846), p. 254. China Seas. Dascyllus reticulaius Cartier, Verh. Ges. Wiirzburg, 1873, p. 97 (Bohol) .— Evers, Cat. Faun. Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 544 (Bohol, Cebu). Tetradrachnyum reticulatum BuirrKer, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 409 (10), fig. 3; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 145 (Nias, Borneo, Buru, Amboina, Ceram, Banda, Goram, Philippines).—SrernpacHwer, Abhand. Senckenberg. Ges., vol. 25, 1900, p. 489 (Ternate).—Brauror?r, Bijd. Dierk. Amsterdam, vol. 19, 1913, p. 129 (Ambon.)—Wusber, Siboga Hxp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 356 (Sanguisiapo in Sulu Archipelago, Borneo Bank, Damar, Ambon). Dascyllus xvanthosoma BieEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol.: 2,; 1851,.. p: 247. Banda Neira.—Gintuer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 14 (Borneo) ; Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 287, pl. 124, fig. C (East Indies, Kandayu, New Britain, Ponape). —Hurra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol, 1, 1895, p. 548 (Luzon, Manila). Pomacentrus unifasciatus Kner, Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 57 (1), 1868, p. 348, pl. 8, fig. 24. Kandavu. Gliphidodon bimaculatus Mactray, Proce. Linn, Soc. New South Wales, vol. 8, 1883, p. 271. Southeast coast of New Guinea. Dascyllus nigripinnis Regan, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (2) Zool., vol. 12, 1907, p. 228, pl. 24, fig. 5. Maldives. Dascyllus trimaculatus (not RUpPELL) Fowner, Copeia, No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 64 (Philippines). Depth 114 to 124; head 8 to 314, width 114 to 124. Snout 314 to 314; eye 234 to 244, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches opposite front pupil edge in young, but slightly beyond front eye edge with age, 3 to 34% in head; teeth in 3 or 4 irregular series, conic, simple, outer row little enlarged; interorbital 235 to 244, broadly and slightly convex; preorbital, infraorbital, and pre- opercle edges free, minutely and inconspicuously serrated. Gill rakers 7-+-18, slender, lanceolate, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 17 or 18, followed by 3 or 4 irregular pores; pores in straight section 9 or 10-++0 to 2; 4 scales above lateral line, 11 below, 21 to 24 predorsal forward to snout tip; row of scales on infraorbitals and 4 more rows on cheeks. Scales with 7 basal radiat- ing striae, edge scalloped; 73 to 127 apical denticles, with 1 or 2 transverse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XII, 14, 1, third spine 11% to 124 in head, fifth ray 114 to 114; A. II, 12, 1 or 13, 1, second spine 144 to 245, fourth ray 114 to 134; caudal emarginate, 314 to 314 in combined head and body; least depth of .caudal peduncle 144 to 2 in head; pectoral 1 to 14%; ventral 31, to 314 in combined head and body. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 19 Pale brownish generally, head and body uniform or sometimes with deeper brown obscure band from below front of spinous dorsal to pectoral axil. Iris brownish. Spinous dorsal and ventral blackish- brown to black, fins otherwise all pale brown. ed Sea, Madagascar, India, East Indies, Philippines, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia. 2 examples, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 50 to 70 mm. 11 examples, Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Length, $1 to 94 mm. 4 examples, Biri Channel. June 2, 1909. Length, 51 to 75 mm. 1 example, Bulan Island, Samales Group. September 13, 1909 Length, 61 mm. 3 examples, Butauanan Island. June 13, 1909. Length, 68 to 73 mm. 1 example. Canimo Island, near Daet. June 15, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 14 examples, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 38 to 72 mm. 1 example, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Isiand. February 24, 1909. Length, 68 mm. 3 examples, Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1908. Length, 65 to 78 mm. 2 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 56 to 63 mm. 10313. Endeavor Strait. September 23, 1908. Length, 68 mm. 5 examples, Gandra Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 57 to 76 mm. 1 example, Guntao Island. December 20, 1908. Length, 52 mm. 9906. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8, 1909. Length, 54 mm. 3 examples, Jolo. March 6 and 7, 1908. Length, 65 to 80 mm. 2 examples, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length, 64 to 77 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 65 mm. 19 examples, Mactan Cove, Mactan Island. April 6, 1908. Length, 62 to 90 mm. 2 examples, Maitara Island. November 26, 1909. Length, 61 to 78 mm. 21622. Machesi Island, Palawan. April 5, 1909. Length, 78 mm. 23 examples, Maricaban Island, Luzon. January 20, 1908. Length, 55 to 85 mm. 1 example, Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 48 mm. 5 examples, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 50 to 68 mm. 1 example, Oyster Inlet, Ulugan Bay. December 28, 1908. Length, 75 mm. 11409. Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 75 mm. 1 example, Philippines. Length 65 mm. 7 examples, Pilas Island. September 12, 1909. Length, 45 to 74 mm. 4 examples, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 56 to 71 mm. 1 example, Port Caltom. December 15, 1908. Length, 81 mm. 3 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. WLength, 60 to 80 mm. 10318 and 10319. 19 examples, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 41 to 78 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 3, 1909. Length, 39 mm. 8 examples, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 11, 1908. Length, 48 to 83 mm. 3 examples, Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 68 to 89 mm. 2 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 13, 1908. Length, 74 to 78 mm. 2 examples, Simaluc Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 60 to 68 mm. 4 examples, Sitanki Reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 55 to 78 mm. 11492 and 11493. 5 examples, Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 55 to 77 mm. 20 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 1 example, Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length, 63 mm. 2 examples, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length, 60 to 68 mm. 2 examples Tidore Island. November 25, 1909. Length, 52 to 56 mm. 2671 U.S.N.M. Zanzibar. British Museum. 2 examples. Length, 438 to 50 mm. 84086 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. One example, 110 mm. Like Bleeker’s figure, evidently bleached out, 48833 to 48842 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum Philadelphia. Subgenus DASCYLLUS Cuvier Handsome and strikingly colored, easily distinguished by the white general color. With 3 broad black vertical bands, which disposed a little differently in the 2 species. DASCYLLUS MELANURUS Bleeker Dascyllus melanurus BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 6, 1854, p. 100. Neira, Banda.—Gitnruer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol 4, 1862, p. 12 (Molucca Sea, Amboina).—Marrens, Preuss. Exp. Ost Asien, 1876, p. 396 (Amboina).—GtnruHer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 236, pl. 124, fig. C (East Indies, Ponape).—Meryer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 34 (Manado).—Weser, Zool. Forsch. Austral. Ritter Semon, vol. 5, 1895, p. 271 (Ambon).—Recan, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (2) Zool, 1, vol. 12, 1907, p. 229 (Maldives, Felidu).—Jorpan and RICHARDSON, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 27, 1907 (1908), p. 264 (Cagayan- cillo). Tetradrachmum melanurus BLEEKER, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 409 (10), fig. 1; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch, Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 8, vol. 2, 1877, p. 149 (Sumatra, Bawean, Celebes, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, Ternate, Obi major, Buru, Amboina, Ceram, Goram, Guebe, New Guinea).—BEAurFort, Bijd. Dierk. Amsterdam, vol. 19, 1913, p. 129 (Ambon).—Weser, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 357 (Borneo Bank, Flat). Tetradrachmum melanurum StTEINDACHNER, Abhand. Senckenberg. Ges., vol. 25, 1900, p. 438 (Ternate)—Weser, Abhand. Senckenberg, Ges., vol. 34 (1), 1911, p. 7 (Kei Islands). Pomacentrus ony# DE Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 8, 1888, p. 451. South Seas. Depth 134 to 124; head 3; width 124 to 134. Snout 4; eye 294 to 244, little greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches slightly beyond front eye edge, 224 to 244 in head; teeth conic, with outer enlarged row and inner band of 1 or 2 irregular rows of smaller ones; interorbital 234 to 27%, broadly convex; infraorbital and pre- opercle edges finely denticulate. Gill rakers 5-+17, lanceolate, slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 14 to 17, pores in straight section 7+2; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 7 to 9 below, 24 to 27 predorsal; 4 rows of cheek scales, uppermost row on infra- orbitals. Scales with 6 to 8 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 91 to 115 with single row of basal elements. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 21 D. XI or XII, 12, 1, fifth spine 124 to 124 in head, fifth ray 114 to 114, first ray often simple; A. II, 12, 1, second spine 144 to 2, fourth ray 114 to 114; caudal emarginate, broad, 234 in combined head and body; pectoral 3; ventral 224 to 234; least depth of caudal peduncle 134 to 1; in head. White, some examples with grayish tinge on back and head above. Broad black band from occiput above downward to include eye, all of mandible, front of cheek and chest, but lips pale. Second broad black band irom front of spinous dorsal to ventral, which also black. Third black band includes last dorsal spine and most of soft dorsal down to soft anal, leaving narrow white edge to soft dorsal and anal posteriorly. Caudal whitish, with large black marginal blotch behind, reaching to middle of fin. Pectoral pale or gray, base black. Iris dusky. East Indies, Melanesia, Micronesia. Greatly like Dascyllus arwanus, though readily distinguished by the large black caudal blotch, the fin appearing largely if not entirely black. 1 example Batan Island. June 5, 1909. Length, 63 mm. 3 examples, Biri Channel, Balicuatro Island. June 1, 1909. Length 55 to 67 mm. [1549.] Ground-color dusky-silver below, becoming greenish above; black band, breadth of eye, from top of head through eye, covering all of chin and most of throat; second black band covers all of front of dorsal, including 5 spines, passes downward to base of ventral, which entirely black; third from soft dorsal to soft anal, coloring fins except narrow vertical margin, which hyaline; caudal black except very harrow whitish margin basally and tip. 1 example, Buang Bay, Talajit Island. March 15, 1909. Length, 57 mm. 1 example, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 42 mm. 1 example, Guiniyan Island. June 4, 1909. Length, 50 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz Island, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 36 mm. 2 examples, Mansalay, Mindoro. June 4, 1908. Length 58 to 72 mm. 2 examples, Philippines. Length, 52 to 55 mm. 1 example, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 65 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 2, 1909. Length, 58 mm. 1 example, Rapu Rapu Island. June 22, 1909. Length, 40 mm. 14050 and 14051. Sacol Island. Septeniber 9, 1909. Length, 52 to 57 mm. i example, Tataan, Simulac Island. February 18, 1908. Length, 68 mm. 1 example, Tumindao Island. February 26, 1908. Length, 39 mm. 20686. Ulugan Bay, mouth of Baheli River. December 28, 1908. Length, 58 mm. DASCYLLUS ARUANUS (Linnaeus) Chaetodon aruanus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 275. Indies.— BiocuH, Naturg. Ausl. Fisch., vol. 3, 1787, p. 62, p. 198 (India, Arabia). Chetedon aruanus BoNNatreRRE, Tabl. Ich., 1788, p. 87, pl. 92, fig. 380 (East Indies, Red Sea). 92 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Lutjanus aruanus Lackrrpr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1803, pp. 719, 720 (on LINNAEUS). Pomacentrus aruanus RUPPELL, Atlas Reis. Nord. Afr., Fische, 1828, p. 39 (Red Sea). Dasceyllus aruanus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 434 (Borabora, Tongatabu, Oualan, Guam, New Ireland, Mauritius, Red Sea, Massuah).— GutntTuHer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 12 (Red Sea, Pinang, Amboina, Moluececa Sea, Hast Indies, China, Fiji, Tongatabu, Tanna, “New Zealand ’’).—Kwner, Reise Novara, Fisch., pt. 2, 1865, p. 241 (Nico- bars, Madras, Tahiti) —GuicHENoT, Mem. Soc. Nat. Cherbourg, ser. 2, vol. 2, 1866, p. 145 (Madagascar).—Gtntuer, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 81 (Berbera and Zanzibar).—PrTrrrs, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1868, p. 271 (Indian Ocean in 8. Lat. 27° ).—K.Lunzincer, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 518 (Kosier, Red Sea).—Castexznau (Res. F. Austral.) Victor. Off. Rec. Phila. Expos. 1875, p. 33 (Queensland) .— Prerers, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876, p. 442 (Mauritius). — MARTENS, Preuss. Exp. Ost Asien, 1876, p. 396 (Amboina).— KossMANN and RAvusBerR, Zool. EHrgeb. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, vol. 1, 1877, p. 28 (Red Sea).—GtnrHer, Philos. Trans. Roy. Soe., vol. 168, 1879, p. 470 (Rodriguez). —KAroti, Termez. Fiizetek, Buda- pest, vol. 5, 1881, p. 172 (Ceylon) —GUntuerr, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 235, pl. 124, fig. B (Red Sea, East Africa, South Sea).— Meyer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 34 (North Celebes, Cebu, Mysore).—WepeEr, Zool. Forsch. Austral. Ritter Semon, vol. 5, 1895, p. 271 (Ambon) .—Etrra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 548 (Cebu) .— Borsteri, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, ser. 3, vol. 1, 1904, p. 215 (Massaua, Red Sea) —Fowterr, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 12, 1904, p. 533 (Padang, Sumatra).—JorpAN and SrAte, Bull. Bur. Fish., vol. 26, 1906 (1907), p. 27 (Cavite).—RercaAn, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, (2) Zool., vol. 12, 1907, p. 229 (Maldives; Chagos Archipelago, Egmont and Solomon) .— McCutiocnH, Rec. Austral. Mus., vol. 9, pt. 3, 1918, p. 360 (Murray Island) .— BAMBER, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 31, 1915, p. 481 (between Suez and Suakim).—Fowter, Copeia, No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 64 (Philip- pines). —Fow Ler and BEAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 62, 1922, p. 49 (Zamboanga). Tetradrachmun aruanum BiLEEKER, Poiss. Madagascar Reunion, 1874, p. 65.—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 381, pl. 80, fig. 6; Faun. Brit. India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 380.—SrernpacHNner, Abhand. Senckenberg. Gesell., vol. 25, 1900, p. 488 (Batjan, Ternate).—Fow.trr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1907, p. 483 (‘‘ Victoria, Australia,” though likely Poly- nesia or Fiji) —Werserr, Abhandl. Senckenberg. Nat. Gesell., vol. 34 (1), 1911, p. 7 (Kei Islands).—Braurort, Bijd. Dierk. Amsterdam, vol. 19, 1913, p. 129 (Ambon).—WEesrer, Siboga Hxp., vol. 57, Fische, 1918, p. 357 (Sailusketjil Island, Sumba, Borneo Bank, Sebangkatan, Celebes Sea, Muaras Reef, Sanguisapo in Sulu Archipelago, Damar, Saleyer, Tual). Chaetodon arcuatus (part) Linnarus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 273. Indies. ; Tetradrachmum arcuatum Cantor, Journ. As. Soe. Bengal (Cat. Malay. Fish.), vol. 18 (2), 1849 (1850), p. 223 (Pinang).—BLreKkrr, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 409 (10), fig. 6; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 147 (Sumatra, Batu, Nias, Pinang, Cocos Islands, Bawean, Celebes, Sangi, Sumbawa, Flores, Solor, Timor, Ternate, Buru, Amboina, Harucu, Ceram, Obi major, Banda, Goram, Aru, Guebe, Waigiu). FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 23 Chaetodon abu-dafar ForsKAt, Descript. Animal., 1775, pp. xt, 65. Djedda, Red Sea. Pomacentrus emamo Lesson, Voy. Coquille, Zool., vol. 2 (1), 1830, p. 190. Borabora, Society Islands. Chaetodon araneus BENNETT, Fishes of Ceylon, 1834, pl. 17. Ceylon. Pomacentrus trifasciatus (not Ritppett) Dr Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 8, 1883, p. 452. Probably South Seas. Pomacentrus devisi JorpAN and SEALE, Bull. Bur. Fish., vol. 25, 1905 (1906), p. 284 (on Der Vis). . Depth 134 to 17%; head 234 to 314, width 1% to 144. Snout 314 to 414; eye 214 to 24%, greater than snout or interorbital, equals interorbital with age; maxillary reaches eye, slightly beyond front edge in young, 3 to 314 in head; teeth simple, conic, in 8 or 4 ir- regular series in jaws, outer little enlarged; interorbital 284 to 3, slightly convex; preorbital, infraorbitals and preopercle edges free, denticulate. Gill rakers 6 + 17, slender, lanceolate, long. Tubes in lateral line 16 to 18, followed by 2 or 3 irregular pores; pores in straight section 7 to 9 + 1 to 3; 3 scales above lateral line, 10 below, 25 to 30 predorsal forward to snout tip; cheek with 1 or 2 rows of scales on infraorbitals and 4 more rows below. Scales with 8 to 10 basal radiating striae, basal edge scalloped; 57 to 115 apical denticles, in 1 to 3 transverse series, very small; circuli fine. D. XII, 12, fifth spine 124 to 134 in head, fifth ray 124 to 2%; A. II, 12, 1 or 18, 1, second spine 1% to 2, fourth ray 114 to 1%; caudal emarginate, lobes distinct, 1 to 114; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 2; pectoral 114 to 11%; ventral 214 to 324 in combined head and body. Ground color white. Black band from front of spinous dorsal to eye, then forward to include preorbital, snout tip narrowly and all of mandible. Second black band from middle of spinous dorsal down to pectoral and ventral bases. Third black band from front half of soft dorsal down to include greater part of anal. Ventrals, black, caudal and pectoral whitish. Iris brownish. Abundant and widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific, from the Red Sea, East Africa, and Mauritius to India, East Indies, Philippines, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and Hawaii. 2 examples, Batan Island. June 5, 1909. Length, 48 to 59 mm. 1 example, Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 2 examples, Bubuan Island, Jolo.. February 14, 1908. Length, 34 to 54 mm. 1 example, Bugsuk, Balabac. January 5, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 2 examples, Candaraman Island, Balabaec. January 4, 1909. Length, 48 to 58 mm. 14 examples, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 40 to 58 mm. 2 examples, Cataingan Bay, Masbate. April 18, 1908. Length, 47 to 49 mm. 2 examples, Cebu market. August 28, 1909. Length, 46 to 55 mm. [1851.] 4 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 43 to 53 mm. 94 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 1 example, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1905. Length, 50 mm. 3 examples, Isabel, Basilian. September 11, 1909. Length, 45 to 60 mm. 22429. 5 examples, Jolo. March 7, 1908. Length, 50 to 62 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908: Length, 58 mm. 1 example, Mactan Island, Cebu. March 25, 1909. Length, 55 mm. 33 examples, Marongas Island, shore coral head. February 10, 1908. Length, 16 to 65 mm. 20291. Palag Bay vicinity, Luzon. June 16, 1909. Length, 63 mm. 6 examples, Pandanan Island. March 238, 1909. Length, 22 to 53 mm. 11 examples, Pandanan Island. March 24, 1909. Length, 38 to 46 mm. [1473.] 1 example, Pangasinan Island. February 13, 1908. Length, 40 mm. 1 example, Pilas Island. September 12, 1909. Length, 50 mm. 2 examples, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 49 to 56 mm. 2 examples, Port Banalacan, Marinduque. February 23, 1909. Length, 49 to 56 mm. 2 examples, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 49 to 55 mm. 16539. Port Matalvi, Luzon. November 22, 1908. Length, 64 mm. 1 example, Port Matalvi, Luzon. November 23, 1908. Length, 56 mm. 3 examples, Romblon. March 26, 1908. Length, 46 to 60 mm. 1 example, Sacol Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 48 mm. 4 examples, San Miguel Harbor, Ticao Island. April 21, 1908. Length, 37 tc 58 mm. 386 examples, Simaluc, Bisibisi Island. September 23, 1909. Length, 21 to 55 mm. 19538. Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 64 mm. 2 examples, Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 33 to 57 mm. 1 example, Surigao, Mindanao. May §, 1908. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Taganak Island. January 7, 1909. Length, 48 mm. 5 examples, Tapiantana Island. September 13, 1909. Length, 39 to 62 mm. 3 examples, Tara Island. December 14, 1908. Length, 28 to 43 mm. 1 example, Tara Island. December 15, 1909. Length, 58 mm. 7 examples, Tataan, Simalue Island. February 18, 1908. Length, 25 to 60 mm. 1 example, Tataan. February 20, 1908. Length, 37 mm. 3 examples, Tomahu Island. December 11, 1909. - Length, 30 to 48 mm. 6 examples, Tonquil Island, east of Gumila Reef. September 14, 1909. Length, 27 to 59 mm. 2 examples, Tulayan Island. September 15, 1909. Length, 45 to 60 mm. 138147 and 13148. Tumindao Island, reefs south lagoon. February 26, 1908. 4 examples. Length, 21 to 58 mm. 1 example, Tutu Bay, First. Anchorage, Jolo Island. September 19, 1909. Length, 54 mm. 1 example, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10, 1909. Length, 45 mm. 1 example, Labuandata Bay, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 18, 1909. Length, 64 mm. 21401. Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length, 41 to 58 mm. 20513 U.S.N.M. Samoa. Dr. T. H. Streets. 28 examples. Length, 18 to 46 mm. 28556 U.S.N.M. Madagascar. Paris Museum. 6 examples. Length, 32, to 47 mm. 28557 U.S.N.M. Lonlou Islands. Paris Museum. 3 examples. Length, 37 to 58 mm. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 25 30671 U.S.N.M. New Guinea. Linnaean Society, New South Wales. 2 exam- ples. Length, 62 to 67 mm. 45067 U.S.N.M. Tahiti. British Museum. 1 example. Length, 52 mm. 52204 U.S.N.M. Apia, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. 41 examples. Length, 22 to 58 mm. 56300 U.S.N.M. Cavite. Dr. G. A. Lung. 2 examples. Length, 27 to 45 mm. 65472 U.S.N.M. Mangareva, Gambier Islands. 20 examples. Length, 68 to 78 mm. 65811 U.S.N.M. Fakarava, Paumotus. 3 examples. Length, 32 to 59 mm. 83961 U.S.N.M. No locality. Albatross collection. 5 examples. Length, 34 to 63 mm. 84247 U.S.N.M. Zamboanga. Dr. E. Baker. 7 examples. Length, 35 to 67 mm. 9620 and 9621 A.N.S.P. Tahiti. Andrew Garrett. Length, 42 to 50 mm. 27668 A.N.S.P. Batu Sangkar, Sumatra. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Length, 58 mm. 81165 A.N.S.P. Apia, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. 83165 A.N.S.P. “ Victoria, Australia,” but likely from Fiji. Mrs. A. ¥. Kenyon. 48703 to 48716 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum, Philadelphia. 51177 to 51179 A.N.S.P. Pago Pago, Samoa. Capt. C. F. Silvester. Genus LEPIDOZYGUS Giinther Lepidozygus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 15. Type Pomacentrus tapeinosoma BLEEKER, monotypic. Teeth uniserial, small, subconic. Preopercle slightly serrated. Preorbital distinct, other suborbitals and preopercular limb hidden by scales. Scales of moderate size, 36 in a lateral series. Dorsal spines 12. Anal spines 2. Caudal forked. Dull olive. Of peculiar physiognomy and quite different in general appearance from any of the other genera. LEPIDOZYGUS TAPEINOSOMA (Bleeker) Pomacentrus tapeinosoma BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 10, 1856, p. 376. Ternate. § Lepidozygus tapeinosoma GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 15 (Ternate).—BuLrexker, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 404 (5), fig. 1; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 71 (Ternate and Amboina). Depth 224 to 224; head 314 to 334, width 134 to 134. Snout 324 to 322; eye 344 to 414, 1 to 114 in snout, 124 to 11% in interorbital; maxillary greatly inclined, reaches pupil, expansion 184 to 2 in eye, length 214 to 234 in head; teeth uniserial, short, subconic, anterior largest and more obtuse; interorbital 214 to 27%, convex; hind and lower edge of orbital socket with row of firm papillae; hind preoper- cular limb denticulate. Gill rakers 8+-14, lanceolate. Tubes in lateral line 19, sometimes followed by 3 or 4 pores, pores in straight section 15 or 16++5; 5 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 6 below, 20 predorsal forward to nostril; scales on 32872—28—_3 26 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM caudal peduncle smaller than elsewhere on body, more crowded; bases of dorsals and anals with few rather large scales; caudal, except hind edge, finely scaled. Scales with 8 to 10 short basal radiating striae, edge scalloped; apical denticles 76 to 87, with 3 or 4 trans- verse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XI, 18 or 14, fourth spine 214 to 21% in head, first branched ray 2 to 214; A. II, 14 or 15, second spine 3 to 314, first ray 24% to 214; pectoral 1 to 1,4; ventral 1,5 to 114; least depth of caudal peduncle, 2,1; to 214; caudal widely forked, 3 to 31% in combined head and body, tips ending in filaments. Back and upper surface uniform olive, under surface of head and abdomen soiled whitish. Most scales about humeral region with dark or neutral tint, sometimes as spot basally. Below eye towards pectoral base and parallel with lower front profile of body at least 3 poorly defined gray white streaks extending to thorax. Dorsals and anals dusky neutral. Caudal olive. Paired fins dull or light olive, usually dark spot in pectoral axil. Iris slaty. Known only from the East Indies and Philippines. A peculiar fish of sombre appearance, remarkable for its eye being deeper than wide and furnished along the hind edge of the eye socket with a fringe of papillae. 38 examples, Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 58 to 70 mm. 26 examples, Panpan, Tara Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 75 to 100 mm. Greenish above, becoming somewhat slaty on nape; margins of scales rather dusky; silvery with dusky and bluish on lower head and side; two or three pale stripes from eye and cheek to base of pectoral, showing only in certain lights. Dorsal slaty, with obscure oblique paler lines crossing about five membranes; last three rays pale orange. Caudal with purplish wash. Anal similar to dorsal. Ventrals pink. Pectorals hyaline pink. Chin with slight pinkish wash. 2 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. Length, 84 to 88 mm. 5 examples, Uki, Bouro Island. December 9, 1909. Length, 73 to 77 mm. 1 example, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 25, 1909. Length, 75 mm. Pomacentrus obtusirostris Giinther > may be synonymous. It is de- scribed: “‘ The scales in the upper side of the head do not advance to the front margin of the orbit ” and the “ scales are marked with darker blue elongated spots arranged so as to form longitudinal lines.” Giinther’s figure does not show the ocular papillae and the dorsals and anals are without the basal scales of our specimens. Though Bleeker’s figure of Lepidozygus tapeinosoma is much better, the ocular papillae are also unnoticed. Regan reports Pomacentrus obtusirostris from the Persian Gulf. ® Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 24. No locality.—Giinther, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 82, pl. 10, fig. 4 (Zanzibar). *Journ. Bombay Soe. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, pt. 2, 1916, p. 336. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 27 Genus ACANTHOCHROMIS Gill Acanthochromis Gitt, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 214. Type Dascyllus polyacanthus BierKer, orthotypic. Homalogrystes ALLEYNE and Mac eay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 1, 1876, p. 268. Type Homalogrystes guntheri ALLEYNE and MAc- LEAY, orthotypic. Heptadecanthus ALLEYNE and Macrieay, Proce. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 1, 1877, p. 343. Type Heptadecanthus longicaudis AtL- LEYNE and Mac eay, orthotypic. Heptadecacanthus JorpAN, Genera of Fishes, pt. 8, 1919, p. 387. Type Heptadecanthus longicaudis ALLEYNE and MACLEAY. Oblong-oval. Head deeper than long. Upper jaw not protrac- tile. Teeth conic, biserial, outer row not prominent. Preopercle serrate. Scales 32 or 33 in a median lateral series. Dorsal spines 17, rays 15 or 16. Anal rays 16 or 17. Caudal deeply forked, lobes slender. Distinguished by the increased spines in the vertical fins. Sev- eral nominal species have been proposed, likely synonyms of the well-known Indo-Australasian form. ACANTHOCHROMIS POLYACANTHUS (Bleeker) Dascyllus polyacanthus BiEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 9, 1855, p. vol. 57, Fische, p. 857 (Feer) 1913. Indies). Tetradrachmum polyacanthus BireKker, Ned. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 2, 1862, p. 274 (Amboina). Acanthochromis polyacanthus BierKker, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 410 (11), fig. 7; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 151 (Sangi, Batjan, Amboina).—Weser, Abhand. Senck- enberg. Ges., vol. 34 (1), 1911, p. 17 (Kei Islands); Siboga Exp., vol. 57, 1913, p. 357 (Feer) Fische. ; Homalogrystes guntheri ALLEYNE and Mactmay, Proce. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 1, 1876, p. 269, pl. 6, fig. 3. About 12 miles south of the New Guinea coast at Katow. Heptadecanthus iongicaudis ALLEYNE and Mac tray, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 1, 1877, p. 343, pl. 15, fig. 3. Cape Grenville. Heptadecanthus brevipinnis Dr Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, 1884, p. 872. Queensland Coast. Heptadecanthus maculosus Dr Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, 1884, p. 873. Cardwell. Abudefduf jordani Sear, Occas. Pap. Bishop Mus., vol. 4, No. 1, 1906, p. 53, fig. 2. Shortland Island, Solomons. Depth 134 to 144; head 3% to 314, width 134 to 1%. Snout 31% to 3814; eye 2%4 to 3, greater than snout, 1 to 114 in interorbital; maxillary nearly or quite reaches eye, 314 to 314 in head; teeth conic, upper biserial in front with inner greatly smaller and lower uni- serial; interorbital 234 to 224, broadly convex; infraorbital and hind preopercle edge finely serrate. Gill-rakers 8+-17, lanceolate, rather long and slender. 28 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Tubes in lateral line 19 to 21, pores in straight section 13 to 15+1 or 2; 4 or 5 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 12 or 18 below, 28 to 30 predorsal forward to nostrils; 4 rows of cheek scales; infraorbitals largely naked. Scales with 9 or 10 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 65 to 75 with 4 or 5 transverse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XVII, 15, 1 or 16, 1, seventeenth spine 1144 to 1% in head, fourth ray 3Y4 to 314, sometimes first ray simple; A. IT, 16, 1 or 17, 1, second spine 1%% to 134, sixth ray 316 to 334 in combined head and body, sometimes first ray simple; caudal 2 to 214, sharply forked; pectoral 214 to 2345; ventral 224 to 234; least depth of caudal peduncle 17% to 2 in head. Dusky to chestnut brown generally, scarcely lighter below. Body, usually, head also, more or less variably blotched or mottled with neutral dusky, less so over under surface of head, breast, and abdo- men. Some examples show fewer mottlings, or may even be largely uniform. Others often have rows of dark or blackish dots as paral- lel lines along sides of abdomen. Some small examples with minute, obscure, blue gray dots about bases of anal fins on tail and on caudal peduncle. Iris deep brown. Fins dusky or deeper than body color, usually obscurely with scattered mottling of darker or with spots of blackish. Small dusky spot, ill defined, at pectoral origin. Some small examples nearly uniform. East Indies and Melanesia. We fail to find any reliable charae- ters to distinguish the nominal species included above, as described by De Vis and Seale. 3 examples, Bolalo Bay, Palawan. December 21, 1908. Length, 77 to 115 mm. 10325 and 10327. Balikias, Lubang Island. July 17, 1908. Length, 122 to 125 mm. 3 examples, Bugsuk Island, Balabac. January 5, 1909. Length, 80 to 100 mm. 24 examples, Candaraman Island, Balabac. January 4, 1909. Length, 79 to 110 mm. 12572. 2 examples, Caxisigan Island. January 2, 1909. Length, 122 to 127 mm. 7429 and 7430. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 125 to 180 mm. 1 example, Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 122 mm. 4 examples, Endeavor Strait. December 22, 1908. Length, 103 to 115 mm. 3 examples, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 126 to 128 mm. 13080 and 13082. Kapoposang Island. December 28, 1909. 3 examples. Length, 104 to 118 mm. 14729, 14730, 14734. Kayoa Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 80 to 135 mm. 14991 and 14998. Makesi Island, Palawan. April 5, 1909. Length, 117 to 120 mm. 12348. Mansalay, Mindoro. February 20, 1909. Length, 120 mm. 11375. Maricaban Island, Luzon. January 20, 1908. Length, 125 mm. 21442. Maitara Island. November 26, 1909. Length, 64 to 120 mm. 4 examples. 1 example, Oyster Inlet, Ulugan Bay. December 28, 1908. Length, 102 mm. e FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 29 12852, 12853, 12855, 14287. Pagapas Bay, Luzon. February 20, 1909. Length, 120 to 180 mm. 2 examples, Pagapas Bay. February 26, 1909. Length, 127 to 130 mm. 11410, 11412; 11416. Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 125 to 140 mm. 1 example, Panpan, Tara Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 122 mm. 9 examples, Philippines. Length, 64 to 142 mm. 12 examples, Polloe, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 98 to 132 mm. 3 examples, Port Caltom. December 15, 1908. Length, 838 to 130 mm. 13096. 7 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 65 to 140 mm. 1 example, Port Galera. October 27, 1909. Length 128 mm. 2 examples, Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 18, 1808. Length, 100 to 125 mm. 10471. 23 examples, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 80 to 178 mm. 1 example, Port Uson, west of Pinas Island. December 17, 1908. Length, 93 mm. , 12186. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 182 mm. 14164, 14165. Pujada Bay, East Mindoro. May 15, 1908. Length, 90 to 120 mm. 7 examples. 4 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. Length, 100 to 115 mm. 11192. Siasi market, Siasi Island. February 17, 1908. Length, 130 mm. [116.] General color seal-brown, darkest in irregular mottlings; very little lighter below. Dorsal almost black, most nearly so at edge of spinous part and posteriorly. Caudal irregularly mottled with white and dark areas. Anal almost black. Ventrals mottled, produced ray black at tip. Pectoral dusky, group of small blacker spots on upper half near base. Iris very dark. 19208, 19210, 19211, 19216, 19209. Tapiantana Island. September 18, 1909. Length 120 to 182 mm. 6 examples, Tara Island. December 14, 1908. Length, 114 to 116 mm. 3 examples, Tara Island. December 15, 1908. Length, 100 to 123 mm. 3 examples, Tataan Island. February 2, 1908. Length, 89 to 94 mm. 7351 to 7359. Tataan Island. February 19, 1908. Length, 100 to 120 mm. 13 examples, Tataan Island. February 20, 1908. Length, 83 to 102 mm. 1 example, Tilig, Lubang. July 15, 1908. Length, 123 mm. 4 examples, Tulayan Island. September 15, 1909. Length, 124 to 125 mm. 7 examples, Tumindao Island, reefs of south lagoon. February 26, 1908. Length, 90 to 104 mm. 20335. Tutu Bay, Jolo Island, first anchorage. September 19, 1909. Length, 100 to 125 mm. 19082, 19083, 19085, 19086. Varadero Bay, Mindoro. July 23, 1908. Length, 94 to 134 mm. 1 example, Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. Length, 110 mm. 1 example, Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length, 58 min. 13340, 13341, 14647. Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. 6 examples. Length, 122 to 130 mm. Genus CHROMIS Cuvier Chromis Cuvier, Bull. Soc. Philomath. Paris, 1814, p. 68. Type Sparus chromis LINNAEUS, Monotypic (not Chromis PLuMIER 1803). Heliases Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1880, p. 494. Type Heliases insolatus Cuvier, designated by JorpAN and HvERMANN, Genera of Fishes, vol. 1, 1917, p. 128. a 30 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Heliastes Lower, Trans. Zool. Soe. London, vol. 2, 1841, p. 177. Type Heliases insolatus CUVIER. Furcaria Pory, Mem. Hist. Nat. Cuba, vol. 2, 1861, p. 194. Type Furcaria puncta Pory, designated by JorpAN, Genera of Fishes, vol. 2, 1919, p. 299. Ayresia Cooper, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 1868, p. 73. Type Ayresia puncti- pinnis Coorrr, orthotypic. Onychognathus TroscHet, Arch. Naturg., 1866, p. 231. Type Onychog- nathus cautus TROSCHEL, monotypic. Actinochromis BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. (4) 166. Type Chromis lividus STEINDACHNER, monotypic. Hoplochromis Fowirr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 66. Type Heliases caeruleus Cuvirr, orthotypic. Oblong or oval. Premaxillaries protractile. Teeth small, conic, in narrow band or irregular series in jaws, often outer row obtuse or little enlarged. Preopercle entire or rough. Gills 314. Branch- iostegals 5. Pyloric appendages 2. Scales moderate, 27 to 30 in median lateral series. Suborbitals, maxillary and lower jaw scaled. Dorsal spines 12 to 14, rays 9 to 14, spinous part twice or thrice basal length of soft fin. Anal spines 2, rays 10 to 13. Caudal lobate, lobes often acute and end in filament. Species numerous in tropical seas, most in the Indo-Pacific. In form very compact litle fishes, often with most pleasing brilliant colors. ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES a. Teeth in jaws not directed or flaring outward. b’. Anal spines small, second but little over half length of head. c’. Body scales without small basal scales. ad’. CuroMis, upper and lower edges of caudal fin dusky to blackish, in contrast with rest of fin. e’. Ventrals gray or whitish. f'. Anterior profile of head broadly rounded, form very compact. ternatensis. fj’. Anterior profile of head more angular. g. Head without dark line behind preopercle vertically; body scales without dark edges. h*. Anal without black anterior edge; size small. amboinensis, h?. Lower front anal edge broadly black; size moderate; sealés) uniform.) 222 eke eee ee scotochilopterus. h®. Lower front anal edge broadly black; size moderate; scale edges narrowly Garko{2S2 2222s reticulatus. g*. Head with dark or blackish line along and behind pre- opercle edge vertically; body scales with scattered dark CCL ie a a eee weberi. e ‘Venirals: black’ *Size sms li") Serre a a er ee eos atripes. da’. Caudal fin uniform, without black edge above or below. i. Caudal much paler than body, contrasted. j. Anteriorly dark, or posterior half of body or only caudal yellowish-white; pectoral with large dark basal ‘blotchoi2 2) See 2 eee ee dimidiatus. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 31 j. Head with dusky line along hind preopercle edge and gill-opening; no black basal pectoral blotch. opercularis, #. Caudal not paler or contrasted with body. k*. Body with several longitudinal biue lines_ lineatus. k*. Body without longitudinal or horizontal lines. U. Body scales not edged with narrow oblique or vertical blue lines. m’. Coloration dark; no black tranverse band. n, A yellow longitudinal medial band, followed by yellow spot at caudal base__ desmostigma. n*, Pale or yellowish blotch at bases of last GOS ays eke aha aed sey Se ee Gs elerae. m*. Coloration generally light. o*. Black transverse band at front of tail. retrofasciatus. 0°. No black transverse band______ cinerascens. o*. Two longitudinal black bands__ bitaeniatus. 1’. Hach scale of body with narrow blue line mar- Sina yee ae Si ee ae adh azurelineatus, c’. LEPIDOCHROMIS, hew subgenus. Each scale of body with 1 to 3 small | OSES FeV ng te DB ea SS CEN le I el lepidolepis. b*. DorYCHROMIS, new subgenus, Anal spine long, second but little less than head; uniform, with dark spot at pectoral axil_______________ analis, a’, HoprocHroMis. External outwardly directed conic teeth in mandible; pale blue__-—__ eg hu is oN age OU De Ce A dng Se ag I ie caeruleus. Subgenus CHROMIS Cuvier In this group we include those species in which the jaw teeth do not flare outward, second anal spine moderate or short, and no small auxiliary basal scales to body scales. CHROMIS TERNATENSIS (Bleeker) Heliases ternatensis BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 10, 1856, p. 377. Ternate. Heliastes ternatensis GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 68 (Hast Indies). Chromis ternatensis BLerKerR, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 403 (4), fig. 4; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 161 (Flores, Timor, Ternate, Buru, Obi major, Amboina, Goram, Aru, New Guinea).—Weprr, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 359 (Beo in Karakelang Island). Chromis philippinus Fowtrr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 63, fig. 25. Philippines. Depth 144 to 2; head 3 to 324, width 134 to 2. Snout 314 to 4 in head; eye 224 to 2%, greater than snout; maxillary 244 to 314, reaches to or little beyond front eye edge; teeth irregularly triserial in jaws, outer row in each little enlarged, simple, conic; interorbital 224 to 2%, convex; infraorbital not free; hind preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 9+-20, lanceolate, long. a2 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Tubes in lateral line 14 or 15, pores in straight section 9 to 12; 8 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 9 below, 23 pre- dorsal; 4 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 7 to 10 basal radiating striae, apical denticles 91 to 100, with 1 to 4 transverse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XII, 10, 1 or 11, 1, third spine 21% to 224 in head, fourth ray 1144 to 144; A. II, 10, 1 to 12, 1, second spine 21% to 214, sixth ray 114 to 134; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 214; caudal strongly forked, 214 to 224 in combined head and body; pectoral 3 to 314; ventral 1 to 114. Above dark brown, variably deeper or dusky, below paler. Scales of back often with lighter centers. Head pale brown below. Iris dark brown. Dorsals and anals dusky or blackish brown. Caudal brownish, upper and lower borders broadly dusky to blackish. Paired fins pale brown. Kast Indies, Philippines. The obtuse head and strongly ovoid contour of this species are quite distinctive. It is one of the most compact in form of the genus, or in fact of the family. The black bordered caudal and pale paired fins will distinguish it from the related species. 1 example, Alibijaban Island, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 6, 1909. Length, 68 mim. 1 example, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 74 mm. 5 examples, Balikias Bay, Lubang Island. July 17, 1908. Length, 45 to 738 mm. 1 example, Batan Island. June 5, 1909. Length, 85 mm. 12250. Batan Island. June 5, 1909. Length, 55 mm. 1 example, Bolalo Bay, Palawan. December 21, 1908. Length, 72 mm. 1 example, Bulan Island, Samales Group. Septembér 13, 1909. Length, 78 mm. 1 example, Burias Island, Alimango Bay. March 5, 1909. Length, 74 mm. 180 and 186. Busin Harbor, Burias Island. March 8, 1909. Length, 68 to 75 mm. 1 example, Busin Harbor. June 2, 1909. Length, 72 mm. 15047. Calangaman Island, between Leyte and Cebu. March 16, 1909. 2 ex- amples. Length, 47 to 81 mm. 1 example, Candaraman, Balabac. January 4, 1909. Length, 85 mm. 1 example, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Island. February 24, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Capunuypugan, Mindanao. May 9, 1908. Length, 70 mm. 6 examples, Caracaran, Batan Island. June 8, 1909. Length, 57 to 85 mm. 7425 B. F. 3 examples, Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 80 to 108 mm. 4 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 13229. Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 51 to 82 mm. 15 ex- amples. 2 examples Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 54 to 89 mm. 7 examples, Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length, 48 to 89 mm. 9905. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8, 1909. Length, 70 mm. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS a0 1 example, Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 9, 1909. Length, 89 mm. 1 example, Isabel, Basilan. September 11, 1909. Length, 76 mm. 13081. Kapoposang Island. December 28, 1909. 3 examples. Length 90 to 110 mm. 4 examples, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length, 67 to 87 mm. 5 examples, Ligpo Point, Balayan Bay. January 18, 1908. Length, 54 to 94 mm. 2 examples, Ligpo Point. January 19, 1908. Length, 63 to 74 mm. 5 examples, Limbones Cove, Luzon Island. February 8, 1909. Length, 68 to 78 mm. [1123.] Greenish, overshaded with black; below pale silvery gray; tips of dorsals and caudal blackish, other fins dusky. 13927 and 13928. Lampinigan Island. September 11, 1909. Length, 80 mm. 14821, 14822, 14825, 14827, 20920. Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 84 to 94 mm. 15 examples, Little Santa Cruz Bay. May 28, 1908. Length, 68 to 92 mm. 13 examples, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 71 to 93 mm. 1 example, Mactan Cove, Mactan Island. April 6, 1908. Length, 95 mm. 4 examples, Mactan Island, Cebu. March 25, 1909. Length, 80 to 93 mm. 1 example, Maitara Island. November 26, 1909. Length, 28 mm. 1 example, Makesi Island, Palawan. April 5, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 2 examples, Makyan Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 61 to 67 mm. 7 examples, Mansalay, Mindoro. June 4, 1908. Length, 70 to 89 mm. 24 examples, Mantacao Island, west coast Bohol. April 8, 1908. Length, 42 to 92 mm. 1 example, Maribojoc Bay, Maribojoc, Bohol. March 26, 1909. Length 73 mm. 3 examples, Masamat Bay, Quinalasag Island. June 12, 1909. Length, 67 to 70 mm. 4 examples, Murcielagos Bay. August 9, 1909. Length, 68 to 87 mm. 1 example, Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 80 mm. 27 examples, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 60 to 78 mm. 14289 [1148], 22075, 22077 to 22079. Pagapas Bay, Luzon. February 20, 1909. Length, 88 to 98 mm. 4 examples, Pagapas Bay vicinity. June 16, 1909. Length, 79 to 82 mm. 50 examples, Paron Point, Albay Gulf, Luzon. June 21, 1909. Length, 60 to 88 mm. 4 examples, Philippines. Length, 75 to 87 mm. 6 examples, Pilas Island. September 12, 1909. Length, 68 to 80 mm. 2 examples, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 75 to 80 mm. 7 examples, Port Banalacan, Marinduque. February 23, 1909. Length, 68 to 80mm. |: 15121, 15125, 15288. Port Dupon, Leyte Island. March 17, 1909. Length, 80 to 90 mm. 1 example, Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 92 mm. 1 example, Port Galera. October 27, 1909. Length, 90 mm. 10351. Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. 3 examples. Length, 80 to 88 mm. 10 examples, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 30 to 92 mm. 6 examples, Port Matalvi, Luzon Island. November 22, 1908. 6 examples, Port Matalvi. November 238, 1908. Length, 75 to 90 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 2, 1909. Length, 79 mm. 4 examples, Port Palapag. June 3, 1909. Length, 68 to 838 mm. 1 example, Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 82 mm. ° k 1 example, Quinalasag Island, Masamat Bay. June 12, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 22 examples, Rapu Rapu Island. June 22, 1909. Length, 60 to 81 mm. 34 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 6396. Rasa Island, Mantaquin Bay. April 1, 1909. 5 examples. Length, 55 to 74 mm. 1 example, Romblon. March 26, 1908. Length, 75 mm. 22 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. Length, 47 to 87 mm. 1 example, Sacol Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 78 mm. 1 example, San Miguel Harbor, Ticao Island. April 21, 1908. Length, 55 mm. 1 example, Simaluc Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 95 mm. 1 example, Simaluc Island. September 23, 1909. Length, 102 mm. 85 examples, Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 85 to 98 mm. 3 examples, Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 55 to 79 mm. 9 examples, Surigao, Mindanao. May 8, 1908. Length, 62 to 82 mm. 28 examples, Taganak Island. January 7, 1909. Length, 50 to 87 mm. 13580 and 22850. Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. 8 examples. Length, 44 to 84 mm. 3 examples, Tanakeke Island. December 21, 1909. Length, 69 to 85 mm. 15 examples, Tapiantana Island. September 13, 1909. Length, 47 to 88 mm. 3 examples, Tara Island. December 14, 1908. Length, 57 to 68 mm. 6 examples, Tara Island. December 15, 1908. Length, 73 to 88 mm. [799.] Back slaty, with steel blue shades; lower surface paler; black edge on each caudal lobe; tips of spinous dorsal membranes blackish. examples, Tataan Island, Tataan Bay, Tawi Tawi Group. February 20, 1908. Length, 67 to 70 mm. [157.] Sides olive-green; back with black shades, lower parts pearly blue. Dorsal slaty-black, center of spinous mem- brane blotched with gray, fading out on-base of soft part; edges of caudal lobes black, in width about diameter of pupil; central part dusky. Anal, ventral and pactoral dusky. Iris silvery, with greenish shades. Hinder limb of preopercle with dusky line. 1 example, Tataan Island, Tawi Tawi Group. February 2, 1908. Length, 92 mm. 12 examples, Tilig, Lubang Island. July 14, 1908. Length, 74 to 88 mm. 1 example, Tilig, Lubang. July 15, 1908. Length, 90 mm. 3 examples, Togian Bay, Togian Island. November 19, 1909. Length, 39 to 70 mm. 3 examples, Tomahu Island. December 11, 1909. Length, 65 to 78 mm. 6154. 1 example, Tonquil Island, east of Gumila Reef. September 14, 1909. Length, 73 mm. 2 examples, Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 68 to 85 mm. 6 examples, Tulayan Island. September 15, 1909. Length, 74 to 87 mm. 4 examples, Tutu Bay, First Anchorage, Jolo Island. September 19, 1909. Length, 50 to 75 mm. 6 examples, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10, 1909. Length, 55 to 75 mm. 21331. Bira-Birahan Island, off Borneo. December 31, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 7 examples, Buka Buka Island, Tomini Gulf, Celebes. November 20, 1909. Length, 52 to 74 mm. 13692, 13696, 18698. Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. 5 examples. Length, 75 to 88 mm. 14857. Dodepo and Pasejogo Islands, Celebes. 3 examples. November 16, 1909. Length, 58 to 70 mm. 2 examples, Labuandata Bay, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 18, 1909. Length, 68 to 82 mm. 12772. Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10,°1909. Length, 97 mm. co FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 35 2 examples, Una Una Road, Binang Unang Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 58 to 90 mm. 1 example, Una Una Road. November i8, 1909. Length, 39 mm. 12 examples, Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length. 65 to 68 mm. 1 example, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 1 example, Tidore Island. November 25, 1909. Length, 80 mm. 47541 to 47547 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum Philadelphia. Type and paratypes of Chromis philippinus. Length, 58 to 75 mm. CHROMIS AMBOINENSIS (Bieeker) Heliases amboinensis Birrker, Nat. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 4, 1873, p. 111. Amboina. Chromis amboinensis BLrEKer, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 403 (4), fig. 8; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch, Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 162 (Amboina). Depth 134 to 17%; head 8 to 314, width 144 to 1%. Snout 314 to 414; eye 224 to 3, greater than snout, 114 in interorbital or greater than interorbital in young; maxillary reaches eye in young, little be- yond front eye edge with age, 314 to 314 in head; teeth conic, in several series, an outer row of enlarged ones and narrow inner band of 1 to 8 irregular series; interorbital 214 to 31% in head, broad, but little convex; infraorbital little free and like hind preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 7+ 20, lanceolate, slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 12 to 14, pores in straight section 7 or 8+0 or 1; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 9 below, 18 predorsal forward to snout tip; 4 rows of cheek scales, with upper- most row on infraorbitals and extend forward to completely cover preorbital. Scales with 6 or 7 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 90 to 141, with 1 to 3 transverse series of basal elements; circuli fine. D. XII, 11, 1 or 12, 1, twelfth spine 134 in head, fifth ray 214 to 314 in combined head and body, first ray often simple; A. II, 12,1 or 13, 1, second spine 13% to 12 in head, eighth ray 27% to 314 in com- bined head and body, first ray often simple; caudal deeply and slenderly forked, 134 to 134; pectoral 214 to 224; ventral 214 to 224; least depth of caudal peduncle 17% to 2 in head. Light brown generally, becoming very pale to whitish below, edges of scales very obscurely darker. Iris brownish. Infraorbital gray white. Dorsals and anals deep brown terminally, last rays of soft dorsal and soft anal abruptly whitish. Caudal with upper and lower edges broadly dusky, medianly whitish. Upper and lower edges of caudal peduncle slightly darker brown than sides. Paired fins pale brownish. Pectoral sometimes with faint brown shade or blotch basally, axil pale. Ventral dusky terminally, front edge narrowly whitish. 36 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Only known previously from the East Indies. The materials listed below will indicate its occurrence in the Philippines. Bleeker mentions but a single example 61 mm. long. Remarkably uniform in general color design and the structural variations slight. Our materials agree with Bleeker’s figure, which is a little crude, as in every case the darker terminal area of the anal extends along posteriorly to the tips of the longest soft rays. 1 example, Alibijaban Island, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 6, 1909, Length, 82 mm. 18724, 13728. Alimango Bay. Burias Island. March 5, 1909. 3 examples. Length, 72 mm. 1 example, Balikias Bay, Lubang Island. July 17, 1908. Length, 78 mm. 7 examples, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni. December 17, 1909. Length, 55 to 78 mm. 1 example, Bugsuk, Balabac. January 5, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Burias Island, Alimango Bay. March 5, 1909. Length, 72 mm. 8 examples, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Island. February 24, 1909. Length, 62 to 82 mm. 2 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 77 to 92 mm. 12 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 60 to 87 mm. 13231. Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. 29 examples. Length, 36 to 78 mm. 9 examples, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 50 to 70 mm. 4 examples, Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length, 61 to 90 mm. 9903. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8, 1909. 3 examples. Length, 68 to 98 mm. 1 example, Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 9, 1909. Length, 68 mm. 3 examples, Isabel, Basilan. September 11, 1909. Length, 80 to 98 mm. 14737. Kayoa Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 2 examples, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length, 55 to 82 mm. 14826. Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. March 26, 1908. Length, 80 mm. 14818. Little Santa Cruz. May 26, 1908. Length, 77 mm. 21043. Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. 12 examples. Length, 61 to 144 mm. 2 examples, Mabul Island. September 29, 1909. Length, 68 to 73 mm. 6 examples, Mactan Island, Cebu. March 25, 1909. Length, 70 to 82 mm. 29. Malapascua Island. March 16, 1909. Length, 63 mm. 6 examples, Maribojoe Bay, Maribojoc, Bohol. March 26, 1909. Length, 53 to 90 mm. 2 examples, Murcielagos Bay, Mindanao. August 21, 1909. Length, 66 to 74 mm. 21 examples, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 50 to 70 mm. 1 example, Pagapas Bay, Luzon. February 26, 1909. Length, 85 mm. 5 examples, Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 50 to 77 mm. 3 examples, Pandanon Island. March 23, 1909. Length, 60 to 65 mm. 1 example, Paron Point, Albay Gulf, Luzon. June 21, 1909. Length, 80 mm. 6 examples, Pasacao, Ragay Gulf. March 9, 1909. Length, 72 to 133 mm. 10 examples, Philippines. Length, 53 to 70 mm. 1 example, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 70 mm. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 37 6 examples, Port Banalacan, Marinduque. February 23, 1909. Length, 50 to 77 mm. 15183 and 15144. Port Dupon, Leyte Island. March 17, 1909. Length, 60 to 72 mm. 19961. Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. 3 examples. Length, 64 to 95 mm. 2 examples, Port Palapag. June 3, 1904. Length, 58 to 65 mm. 4 examples, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 10, 1908. Length, 55 to 68 mm. 5 examples, Pujada Bay, Hast Mindanao. May 15, 1908. Length, 68 to 85 mm 1 example, Ragay Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 10, 1909. Length, 54 mm. 2 examples, Rapu Rapu Island. June 22, 1909. Length, 73 to 78 mm. 11 example, Romblon Harbor. March 25, 1908. Length, 68 to 85 mm. [457 to 459.] Cadmium blotch at pectoral base and slight orange wash below; back with dusky-orange reflections. 11 examples, Romblon. March 26, 1908. Length, 60 to 80 mm. 1 example, Santa Cruz, Marinduque. April 24, 1908. Length, $38 mm. 10 examples, Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 62 to 78 mm. 2 examples, Sitanki Reef. Length, 72 to 75 mm. 3 examples, Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. Length, 60 to 67 mm. § examples, Tapiantana Island. September 138, 1909. Length, 52 to 78 mm. 3 examples, Tataan Island, Simaluc Island, Tawi Tawi Group. February 2, 1908. Length, 50 to 77 mm. 8 examples, Tataan, Simalue Island. February 20, 1908. Length, 70 to 75 mm. {173 and 174.] Somewhat drab above, pearl-blue below; snout yellowish. Dorsal body-color, tipped with black and crescentic yellowish margin on vertical edge. Caudal without yellow, its edges black to width of pupil; eenter body-color. Anal body-color, washed with yellow at base and becomes slaty at tip. Ventrals pale, with yellowish wash. Pectoral dusky, bright orange at base and axil. Iris dusky-silvery. 1 example, Tataan Island. February 21, 1908. Length, 84 mm. 1 example, Togian Bay, Togian Island. November 19, 1909. Length, 45 mm. 20950. Tomaku Island. December 11, 1909. 2 examples. Length, 82 to 89 mm. 2 examples, Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 75 to 80 mm. 20332. Tutu Bay, Jolo. September 19, 1909. 11 examples. Length, 53 to 72 mm. 19088. Varadero Bay, Mindoro. July 28, 1908. 2 examples. Length 68 to 92 mm. 2 examples, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10, 1909. Length, 60 to 82 mm. 5 examples, Uki, Bouro Island. December 9, 1909. Length, 48 to 62 mm. 14327. Basa Reef, Gulf of Beni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length 83 mm. 12919 and 13461. Buka Buka Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 20, 1909. Length, 41 to 60 mm. 13690, 18694 and 13697. Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. 6 examples. Length, 59 to 79 mm. 148538, 14854, 14856, 14859. Dodepo and Pasejogo Islands, Celebes. November 16, 1909. 14 examples. Length, 52 to 68 mm. 1 example, Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 7 examples, Labuandata Bay, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 18, 1909. Length, 41 to 70 mm. 6 examples, Sadaa, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 45 to 80 mm. 7 examples, Una Una Road, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 18, 1909. Length, 36 to 55 mm. 38 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 2 examples, west of Malibagu Point, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 21, 1909. Length, 68 mm. 6 examples, Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length, 36 to 71 mm. 3 examples, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length, 61 to 74 mm. 6 examples, Tidore Island. November 25, 1909. Length, 58 to 80 mm. CHROMIS SCOTOCHILOPTERUS Fowler Chromis scotochilopterus Fow rr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 61, fig. 24. Philippine Islands. Depth 1% to 214; head 3 to 314, width 124 to 144. Snout 4 to 414 in head; eye 234 to 375, greater than snout, 11% in interorbital or little greater than interorbital in young; maxillary reaches little beyond front eye edge or to front pupil edge, 224 to 2% in head; teeth conic, outer series little enlarged in each jaw and inner biserial row of smaller ones above and uniserial inner row of smaller lower ones; interorbital 27% to 314, broadly convex; hind preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 10-+-13, lanceolate, long. Tubes in lateral line 17 to 19, pores in straight section 7 to 11-++1 or 2; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 9 below, pre- dorsal 32; 6 rows of cheek scales, two median rows enlarged. Scales with 6 to 9 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 130 to 1384, with 3 to 8 transverse series of basal elements. D. XIII, 10, 1 or 11, 1, thirteenth spine 2 to 214 in head, fourth ray 124 to 114, first ray often simple; A. IT, 11, 1, second spine 124, first ray 114 to 114, often simple; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 214; caudal sharply forked, 214 to 2% in combined head and body; pec- toral 3 to 314; ventral 3 to 314. Back deep umber to dusky, more brownish on sides and pale brown below. Iris neutral brown. Preorbital grayish. Cheeks and breast with drab tinge. Pectoral, most of soft dorsal, greater median portion of caudal and most of anal dull yellowish white. On all last fins contrast with blackish, as both upper and lower edges of caudal broadly blackish, former extending along caudal peduncle above and lower or front anal edge. Small dusky brown spot at pec- toral origin, not sharply defined and sometimes inconspicuous, axil pale. Paired fins pale brownish or grayish. Only known from the Philippines. It bears some superficial re- semblance to Chromis notatus Schlegel, of which we have compared 11 examples, 8244 U.S.N.M. from the Riu Kiu Islands, obtained by William Stimpson, which measure 112 to 130 mm. Chromis notatus differs, however, strikingly in the black blotch at the pectoral base and a white blotch at the bases of the last dorsal rays. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 39 14776. Bagacay Bay, Escarpada Island. March 13, 1909. Length, 188 to 155 mm. 2 examples, Buang Bay, Talajit Island. March 15, 1909. Length, 119 to 123 mm. 1 example, Capulaan Bay. February 24, 1909. Length, 53 mm. 3 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 134 to 140 mm. 13999 and 14001. Gondra Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 127 to 138 mm. 9857 and 9859, 3 examples, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length 125 to 146 mm. [2135.] 17836. Langao, Luzon. June 24, 1909. Length, 110 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 142 mm. 5 examples, Malapascua Island. March 16, 1909. Length 95 to 185 mm. 1 example, Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 85 mm. 11127. Pasacao, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 9, 1909. Length, 140 mm. [1252.] Dusky-green on top of head and back, becoming grey below to soiled white on breast and belly; margins of scales slightly darker. Scaled portion of dorsal body-color; spinous tips above more olive; soft dorsal reddish- brown. Edges of caudal lobes with broad black stripe, this running somewhat into upper peduncle above, but stopping abruptly below; central portion of fin color of soft dorsal. Front of anal blackish, scaled portion more or less green as back; hinder portion of fin gray at base, becoming brownish distally, similar to other soft verticals. Ventrals dusky, with slight brownish shades on rays. Pectorals dusky, with slight brownish shade at base, no distinct black- ish blotch but somewhat more dusky at upper base. 4 examples, Panpan, Tara Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 180 ta 150 mm. 3 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 122 to 144 mm. 3 examples, Port Galera. October 27, 1909. Length, 133 to 143 1am. 10314, 10320, 10476. Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length 121 to 150 mm. 8 examples. 12185 and 18838. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 145 to 154 mm. 11259. Refugio Island, Pasacao. March 9, 1909. Length, 148 mm. 11920. Siasi Island market. February 17, 1908. Length, 150 mm. 1 example, Simaluc Island, Bisibisi. September 22,1909. Length, 108 mm. 2 examples, Simalue Island. September 28, 1909. Length 132 to 140 mm. 11483 to 11490. Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 108 to 145 mm. [1941.] General-color above olive, edges of scales darker; pale to gray on lower side and dusky gray on breast and belly. Dorsal olive, membranes of soft fin becoming orange posteriorly, somewhat bliavkish near axil. Caudal with broad black edges, central portion pale dusky orange; front portion of caudal blackish on olive, hinder portion gray, rays dusky and last few with orange shades in membranes. Ventrals dusky, somewhat slaty in front. Pectorals dusky, membranes slightly hyaline-orange. 1 example, Tumindao Island, reefs south lagoon. February 26, 1908. Length, 69 mm. 18087 and 13038. 3 examples, Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 135 to 140 mm. 47539 and 47540 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum of Philadelphia. Type and paratype of Chromis scotochilopterus. Length, 75 to 115 mm. 40 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CHROMIS RETICULATUS, new species Depth 2 to 21%; head 31% to 384, width 124 to 144. Snout 334 to 344 in head from snout tip; eye 31% to 314, greater than snout, 114 to 114 in interorbital; maxillary reaches opposite front eye edge or slightly beyond, 2% to 3 in head from snout tip; teeth conic, in nar- row bands in jaws, with outer enlarged series and inner narrow band of 1 to 3 irregular series; interorbital 224 to 234, broadly convex; preorbital not free; preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 8-+-21, lanceolate, slender, 114 in gill filaments, which 13% in eye. Scales 17 or 18 tubular in upper section of lateral line, pores in lower or straight section 8 or 9 to caudal base, often first few may be irregular or variously separated by 1 to 3 scales. Preorbital with single row of scales and 4 rows on cheek. Vertical fins all more or less finely scaled basally. Scales with 8 basal radiating striae, edge scalloped; apical denticles 160 to 171, with 12 transverse series ’ of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XIII, 10, 1 or 11, 1, fourth dorsal spine 2 in total head length, third spine 1 to 1144; A. IT, 11, 1 or 12, 1, second spine 17% to 2, fourth ray 114 to 124; least depth of caudal peduncle 134 to 1%; caudal deeply forked, slender lobes narrowly and sharply pointed, 214 to 214 in combined head and body; pectoral 27% to 3,45; ventral 3 to 31%. Brown generally, but slightly paler on breast and abdomen. Each scale of body with a slightly darker narrow edge, less distinct or only on upper surface of head. Iris brownish, with narrow pale circle around pupil. Paired fins pale, uniform, or with yellowish tint. Dorsals largely dusky, only posterior margin of soft dorsal pale or whitish and rather narrowly so and in contrast. Anals simi- lar. Caudal pale medially, upper and lower edges rather broadly dusky brown and though distinctly so not in sharp contrast with rest of fin. Known only from the type and paratypes listed below. They are closely related to Chromis scotochilopterus, largely with similar general color pattern. The presence of the dark reticulated edges of the scales is different from that in any species of the genus. The dark areas on the soft dorsal and anal are far more extensive than in any specimens of Chromis scotochilopterus and the dark bands on the tail far less contrasted. Type.—Cat. No. 89951, U.S.N.M. 9858 and 9860 [2136]. Labuan. December 21, 1908. Length, 135 to 155 mm. 10765 and 10766. Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 140 to 150 mm. [2011.] 3 examples. Scales with very dark olive edge, central body blue, merging into olive on hind edges; head more dusky, snout whitish. Dorsal similar to body, becoming blackish distally, vertical edge hyaline and rays pale at tips. Caudal lobes broadly black on edges, middle of fin dusky-yellowish, rays and membranes hyaline at tips within fork, except %. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 41 outer three or four. Anal similar to soft dorsal. Ventrals dusky. Pectorals dusky hyaline, with yellowish:at base and in axil. 14127. Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10, 1909. Length, 136 mm. Type. (Reticulatus, net-like, with reference to the dark edges of the scales. ) CHROMIS WEBERI, new name Pomacentrus anabatoides (not BLEEKER) BEAN and WEED, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, 1912, p. 608 (Java). Depth 214 to 224; head 314 to 314, width 134 to 1%. Snout 334 to 4; eye 3 to 334; maxillary 234 to 314, reaches opposite front pupil edge; upper teeth in 2 rather distinct bands, outer of single larger conic teeth and inner band irregularly biserial and smaller; lower teeth with 4 enlarged conic anterior teeth and rest small irregular biserial band; interorbital 224 to 3, broadly convex. Guill rakers 9+19, lanceolate. Tubes in lateral line 18 or 19, pores in straight section 7 to 9 to caudal base -++-1 more sometimes; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 6 below, 30 to 32 predorsal forward close to upper lip edge; rayed vertical fins very finely scaled. Scales with 8 to 11 basal nearly parallel marginal striae, sometimes 1 to 7 more incomplete auxiliaries; apical denticles 92 to 125, with 2 or 3 trans- verse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XII or XIII, 10 or 11, fourth spine 1% to 2 in head, fourth ray 114 to 114; A. II, 10 or 11, second spine 134 to 2, first ray 114 to 134; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 214; caudal deeply forked, 214 to 214 in combined bead and body; pectoral 31¢ to 344; ventral 31% to 31%. Back olive, lower sides and under surface very light olive to olive gray. Scales on preorbitals, suborbitals, and lower side of head more or less tinged with silvery. Chin dusky, also edges of mandibular scales. Hind preopercle edge and groove of opercle along side narrowly dusky down to gill opening. Humeral region with dusky streak and continuous as dusky streak across pectoral base. Spinous dorsal olive, dusky above, also front half of soft dorsal, though greater hind portion of latter whitish. Anal similar to soft dorsal, only dusky and olive anteriorly of greater extent. With age soft dorsal and anal darker to blackish and hind margins of both fins more narrowly and more contrasted whitish. Caudal with upper and lower edges olive to dark olive, usually appearing dusky, and hind edge whitish. With age hind caudal edge more narrowly and distinctly whitish, due to submarginal blackish line. Paired fins gray brown, pectoral olive basally. Philippines and Java. 32872—28——-4 42 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM This species is marked somewhat as Chromis opercularis (Giin- ther), though is smaller, more slender, and largely olivaceous or without the contrasted pale caudal of the latter. Though somber in color, its design is suggestive about the head of Abudefduf xan- thurus. Type.—Cat. No. 72713, U.S.N.M. 2 examples, Alibijaban Island, Ragay Guif, Luzon. March 6, 1909. Length 76 to 80 mm. 1 example, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 97 mm. 24 examples, Bugsuk Island, Balabac. January 5, 1909. Length, 75 to 94 mm. 1 example, Busin Harbor, Burias Island. March 7, 1909. Length, 67 mm. 15044. Calangaman Island, between Leyte and Cebu. March 16, 1909. 3 ex- amples. Length, 97 to 108 mm. 5 examples, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Island. February 24, 1909. Length, 84 to 94 mm. 5912 and 5913 and 5917. B. F. Catbalogan, Samar. April 15, 1908. Length, 40 to 100 mm. 1 example, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 112 mm. 10839. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. 2 examples. Length, 95 to 105 mm. 9948. Doc Can. January 7, 1910. Length, 105 mm. 10 examples, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 58 to 100 mm. 1 example, Gondra Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 108 mm. 3 examples, Grande Island Reef. January 8, 1908. Length, 93 to 104 mm. 1 example, Guntao Island. December 20, 1908. Length, 98 mm. 1 example, Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 9, 1909. Length, 105 mm. 14736. Kayoa Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 100 mm. 1 example, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length, 105 mim. 1 example, Langao Point, Luzon. June 24, 1909. Length, 109 mm. 1 example, Ligpo Point, Balayan Bay. January 18, 1908. Length, 98 mm. 1 example, Malanipa Island. September 8, 1909. Length, 108 mm. 1 example, Mansalay, Mindoro. June 4, 1908. Length, 98 mm. 3 examples, Maricaban Island Luzon. January 20, 1908. Length, 91 to 97 mm. 1 example, Murcielagos Bay. August 9, 1909. Length, 100 mm. 4 examples, Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 72 to 108 mm. 7 examples, Panpan, Tara Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 90 to 110 mm. Types. 2 examples, Philippines. Length, 94 to 100 mm. 1 example, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 99 mm. 6939 and 13100. Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. 16 examples. Length, 90 to 105 mm. 2 examples, Port Galera. October 27, 1909. Length, 79 to 100 mm, 5 examples, Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. Length, 98 to 105 mm. 1 example, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 11, 1908. Length, 98 mm. 20930. Puerta Princesa, Palawan. April 5, 1909. Length, 92 mm. 1 example, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. Length, 100 mm. 6 examples, Sablayan. December 13, 1908. Length, 97 to 105 mm. 19078, 19103, 19104. Silino Island. August 10, 1909. Length, 98 to 111 mm, 3 examples, Simaluc Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 85 to 110 mm. 2 examples, Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 100 to 113 mm. 12604. Sitanki wharf. February 26, 1908. Length, 115 mm. i a a accel nai FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 43 1 example, Sitanki Reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 100 mm. 1 example, Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 99 mm. 11491 and 11494. Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. 38 examples. Length, 96 to 102 mm. 2 examples, Taganak Island. January 7, 1909. Length, 75 to 883 mm. 1 example, Tanakeke Island. December 21, 1909. Length, 92 mm. 1 example, Tataan Island, Tawi Tawi group. February 2, 1908. Length, 107 mm. 14309. Teomabal Island. September 18, 1909. Length, 120 mm. 2 examples, Usada Island near Jolo. March 3, 1908. Length, $2 mm. 14067. Uki, Bouro Island. December 9, 1909. Length, i148 mm. 14828. Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length, 158 mm. 1 example, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1905. Length, 101 mm. 72713 U.S.N.M. Java. Messrs. Bryant and Palmer. Length, 113 mm. As Pomacenirus anabatoides. (For Prof. Max Weber, the distinguished zoologist of Amsterdam and author of extensive works on East Indian ichthyology.) CHROMIS ATRIPES, new species Depth 2 to 214; head 32 to 314, width 134 to 2. Snout 334 to 4; eye 21% to 234, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary een opposite front pupil edge, 224 to 3 in head; teeth conic, biserial above with outer row little enlarged anteriorly and below uniserial with front teeth greatly larger than upper outer series; interorbital 2% to 3 in head, broadly convex; infraorbitals not free; preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 10+18, lanceolate, slender, long. Tubes in lateral line 15, followed irregularly by 4 to 6 pores; pores in horizontal section 8 or 9 to caudal base and 1 to 3 more on latter; 3 scales above lateral line, 8 or 9 below, 17 to 19 predorsal which extend forward to snout tip; suborbitals with single row of scales and 8 more rows on rest of scales; mandible scaly. Scales with 8 to 13 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 104 to 130, basal elements in 1 or 2 series; circuli very fine. D. XIT, 12, 1 or 13, 1, fifth spine 134 to 214 in head, fourth ray 1l% to 114; A. II, 12, 1 or 13, 1, second spine 124 to 1%, fourth ray 124 to 114; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 2; caudal 134 to 224 in combined head and body, deeply forked, slender and each jobe with filament terminally; pectoral 3 to 314; ventral 234 to 244; in young pectorals and ventrals shorter than head. Brown, little paler on head below and abdomen. Eye with neu- tral- asics above and below. Spinous dorsal largely blackish. Soft dorsal anteriorly black and posteriorly half of fin white in strong contrast. Spinous anal and most of soft anal, except hind margin, broadly whitish. Caudal dull brown, upper and lower lobes broadly deep or dusky brown. Pectoral pale brown, with deep dusky-brown blotch at fin origin. Ventrals black. Type—Cat. No. 89952, U.S.N.M. 44 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Kast Indies and Philippines. The dark or blackish anal and ventrals suggest Heliastes cinctus Playfair." That species differs, however, in its dark violet color with a transverse yellowish band from below fifth and sixth dorsal spines, 2 scales width. Playfair also says the yellowish dorsal is black edged and a black white edged ocellus at base posteriorly extends on top of the tail; caudal yellow, with brighter band near base; pectorals yellow, with small dark spot in axil. Heliastes axillaris Bennett*® is said to have a black axil, general color of ovate body pale blue gray and caudal and anal fins blackish blue. Its fins are: D. XIV, 14; A. II, 12. 1 example, Bulan Island, Samales Group. September 13, 19098. Length, 62 mm. 38 examples, Dalaganem Island. April 5, 1909. Length, 65 to 66 mm. 1 example, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1907. Length, 61 mm. 16 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1907, Length, 48 to 72 mm. examples, Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 43 to 65 mm. examples, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 40 to 70 mm. examples, Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length, 43 to 65 mm. examples, Kayoa Island. November 29, 1809. Length, 40 to 62 mm. examples, Limbones Cove. February 8, 1909. Length, 58 to 63 mm. examples, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 53 to 68 mm. examples, Mabul Island. September 29, 1909. Length, 26 to 64 mm. examples, Maitara Island. March 26, 1909. Length, 47 to 62 mm. examples, Matiara Island. November 26, 1909. Length, 60 to 70 mm. examples, Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 52 to 65 mm. examples, Philippines. Length, 49 to 75 mm, examples, Polloc Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 57 to 64 mm. example, Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 63 mm. 1 example Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. Length, 77 mm. 10510. Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 64 mm. 2 examples, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 10, 1908. Length, 69 to 73 mm. 2 examples, Romblon Reef. March 26, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 17 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. Length, 33 to 65 mm. 1 example, Simalue Island. September 22, 1909. Length 60 mm. 19542. Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 65 mm. 1 example, Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 68 mm. 1 example, Sitanki Reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 74 mm. 3 examples, Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. Length, 40 to 50 mm. 19220 and 21910. Tapiantana Island. September 13 1909. Length, 38 to 67 mm. [1926.] 31 examples. Very pale orange with olive-brown overshade. Dorsal dusky, except vertical portion of soft part which hyaline and of slight yellowish shade; immediately in front of this fin blackish. Anal similar to soft dorsal. Caudal dusky-orange basally, edges of lobes at base blackish, color continuing along top and bottom of peduncle, fin plain dusky at tip. Ventrals blackish. Pectorals dusky, with black spot at base. wpe 6 cr BrP dD or © & bl 7Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1867, p. 864. Seychelles. 8 Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 128. Mauritius. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 45 1 example, Tataan Island, Tawi Tawi Group. February 2, 1908. Length, 64 mm. 1 example, Tataan, Simulac Island. February 20, 1908. [172.] Yellowish flesh-pink, more yellowish on back; purplish shades on breast; snout yellow- ish. Dorsal with body color, tipped with black; crescentie yellowish margin on vertical edge. Caudal cadmium at base; prolonged tips dusky, extended forward on upper and lower edges of caudal peduncle, fin yellowish medially. Anal slaty, black on tips and edge. Pectoral dusky-yellow at base, with darker area in upper axil. Ventral slaty. Iris pale yellow, with blackish bar. 1 example, Tinakta Island, February 22, 1908. Length, 67 mm. [D. 5160.] 1 example, Tutu Bay, First anchorage, Jolo Island. September 19, 1909. Length, 66 mm. 1 example, Tifu Bay, Bouro Isiand. December 10, 1909. Length, 48 mm. 4 examples, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length, 57 to 66 mm. 2 examples, Buka Buka Island, Tomini Guif, Celebes. November 20, 1909. Length, 52 to 53 mm. 2 examples, Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. Length, 52 to 57 mm. 2 examples, Sadaa, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 52 to 58 mm. 1 example, Una Una Road, Binang Unang Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 40 mm. 15036. Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. 20 examples. Length, 38 to 66 mm. 6 examples, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. Length, 49 to 65 mm. (Ater, black; pes, foot, homologue of the ventral fin; with refer- ence to the black ventrals. ) CHROMIS DIMIDIATUS (Klunzinger) Heliastes dimidiatus KLUNzINGER, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 529. Koseir, Red Sea.—Gtnruer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 287, pl. 15, fig. 13 (Tahiti and Raiatea). Gliphidodon bicolor MaActeay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 7, 1882, p. 365. New Guinea. Chromis leucurus GILBERT, Bull. U. 8S. Fish Comm., vol. 23, pt. 2, 1903 (1905), p. 620, pl. 77, fig. 2. Avone Channel and near Kauai, Hawaiian Islands. Chromis iomelas JoRDAN and SEALE, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 25, 1905, p. 292. Pago Pago, Samoa. Depth 144 to 2; head 31% to 314, width 134 to 124. Snout 314; eye 244 to 314, greater than snout, 114 in interorbital; maxillary reaches 34 or to eye, 3 to 314 in head; teeth conic, outer row large and inner band in each jaw of 2 or 3 irregular series of smaller ones; interorbital 214, broadly convex; infraorbitals partly free forward, entire; hind preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 7-+-20, lanceolate, slender, long. Tubes in lateral line 14 to 17, often followed by 5 or 6 pores, which may be irregular; pores in straight section 8 to 10+1; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 9 below, 17 to 22 predorsal; 5 46 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM rows of cheek scales, uppermost row on infraorbitals. Scales with 8 or 9 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 104 to 198, with 3 or 4 transverse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XII, 12, 1 or 13, 1, thirteenth spine 144 in head, fifth ray 314 to 334 in combined head and body, first ray often simple; A. IT, 12, I or 13, 1, second spine 114 to 17% in head, seventh ray 314 to 4 in combined head and body; caudal strongly forked, 134 to 1%; pec- toral 244 to 3; ventral 284 to 2%; least depth of caudal peduncle, 144 to 1% in head. Body deep brown, usually with chocolate tinge, not paler below. Iris brown. Most examples show blue gray band along lower eye edge on infraorbitals. Dorsals, anals, and ventrals more or less dusky to blackish. Caudal, caudal peduncle, and tail, also including corre- sponding portions of dorsals and anals posteriorly, yellowish white to white; this color variable in extent and sometimes only confined to caudal fin or again may comprise entire posterior half of fish. Pec- toral brownish, base dusky to black, though blotch not quite large as eye. Red Sea, East Indies, Philippines, Polynesia, Hawaii. Readily known by the dark coloration and in the extreme varia- tions bicolored, or with the posterior half white and the anterior half dark. Giinther’s figure differs in that its pectoral is not shown with a large dark basal blotch. We have examples, similar in every way, except they have the black pectoral blotch very contrasted. Some of our examples have a slight black ocellus at bases of last anal rays. 1 example, Bulan Island, Samales Group. September 13, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 1 example, Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 83 mm. 4 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 88 to 112 mm. 6 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 36 to 107 mm. 7 examples, Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 56 to 97 mm. 1 example, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 70 mm. 1 example, Grande Island Reef. January 8, 1908. Length, 65 mm. 3 examples, Guntao Island. December 20, 1908. Length, 65 to 80 mm. 14731, 14732, 14733, 14735. Kayoa Island. November 29, 1909. 7 examples. Length, 51 to 98 mm. 10 examples, Limbones Cove, Luzon Island. February 8, 1909. Length, 68 to 88 mm. [1126.] Pale dusky-orange on top of head and anterior body, pos- terior portions dusky-white; bright yellow frenum; pectoral base dusky. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 60 mm. 9 examples, Mabul Island. September 29, 1909. Length, 22 to 77 mm. 1 example, Maitara Isiand. March 26, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 2 examples, Malanipa Island. September 8, 1909. Length, 60 to 63 mm. 1 example, Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 80 mm. 11 examples, Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 63 to 80 mm. 2 examples, Philippines. Length, 78 to 80 mm. 9 examples, Philippines. February 15,1908. Length, 44 to 74mm. (D. 5145.) FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 47 1 example, Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. Length, 80 mm. 38 examples, Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. Length, 68 to 75 mm. 1 example, Port Matalvi, Luzon. November 23, 1908. Length, 68 mm. 2 examples, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 11, 1908. Length, 72 to 80 mm. 13848. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. 9 examples. Length, 58 to 90 mm, November 28, 1909. [2076.] Slaty-blackish. Predorsal whitish, also few last dorsal rays. Pectoral base dusky. 21413. Quinalasag Island. June 12, 1909. Length, 58 mm. 11 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. Length, 46 to 75 mm. 1 example, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 13, 1908. Length, 58 mm. 19165, 19166, 19169. Santo Domingo de Basco, Batan Island. November 7, 1908. Length, 63 to 88 mm. 2 examples, Simaluec Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 73 to 77 mm. 4 examples, Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 68 to 108 mm. 1 example, Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. Length, 44 mm. 4 examples, Tapiantana Island. September 138, 1909. Length, 42 to 69 mm. 2 examples, Tara Island. December 14, 1908. Length, 59 to 66 mm. i example, Tataan, Tawi Tawi Group. February 20, 1918. [280.] 14479. Tomahu Island. December 12, 1909. Length, 77 mm. 2 examples, Usada Island, near Jolo. March 3, 1908. Length, 56 to 68 mm. Slaty-blue, scale edges brighter blue; posterior regions bluish white; pectoral base black, axil white. examples, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10, 1909. Length, 70 to 92 mm. 2 examples, Uki, Bouro Island. December 9, 1909. Length, 73 to 75 mm. 1 example, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes December 17, 1909. Length 63 mm. 2 examples, Buka Buka Island, Tomini Gulf, Celebes. November 20, 1909. Length, 57 to 59 mm. 1 example, Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. Length, 68 mm. Z examples, Limbe Straits, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 70 to 75 mm. 21364. Limbe Straits, Celebes. November 11, 1909. Length, 74 mm. 6 examples, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length, 84 to 110 mm. 1 example, Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 25, 1909. Length, 62 mm. 51587 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. Albatross collection. Type of Chromis leucurus. Length, 68 mm. Compared with our series listed above, though with the white confined to caudal and tips of soft dorsal rays. 51743 U.S.N.M. Pago Pago. Bureau of Fisheries. 2 examples. Types of Chromis iomelas. 51182 and 51183 A.N.S.P. Pago Pago, Samoa. Capt. C. F. Silvester. Length, 60 to 75 mm. i) CHROMIS OPERCULARIS (Giinther) Heliastes opercularis GUnruER, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 84, pl. 4, fig. 2 Zanzibar.—BovuLenceER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 664 (Muscat) .— Sauvage, Hist. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 435. Depth 2 to 214; head 324 to 344, width 134 to 154. Snout 4 to 415; eye 3 to 314; maxillary reaches little beyond front eye edge, 48 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM not quite to pupil, 244 to 3; each jaw with outer series of larger conic teeth, followed by an inner biserial band of fine teeth above and a single series of fine teeth below; interorbital 3 to 334, broadly convex; hind preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 7-19, lanceolate. Tubes in lateral line 16 or 17, pores in straight section 8--0 or 1; 4 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 6 below, 28 predorsal forward close to upper lip; rayed vertical fins densely scaly over greater portions. Scales with 7 basal radiating striae, auxiliaries 1 to 8 incomplete; apical denticles 157 to 160, minute, basal elements in 4 to 11 transverse series; circuli very fine. D. XIII, 11, fourth spine 124 to 1% in head, third ray 1 to 114; A. II, 10, second spine 134 to 1%, fourth ray 114 to 144; least depth of caudal peduncle 144 to 2; caudal deeply forked, 2 to 224 in combined head and trunk; pectoral 3 to 314; ventral 324 to 314; anal papilla well developed. Head and body, except posterior or greater posterior portion of caudal peduncle chocolate brown. Head with dusky line along hind preopercle edge and gill opening. Iris dark brown. Dorsals and anals dusky, hind edge of each soft lobe narrowly whitish. Paired fins brownish, little dull olive basally and base of pectoral usually with narrow dark boundary line. Anal papilla, hind portion of caudal peduncle and entire caudal fin light yellowish brown with a small dark spot medianly. Arabian Gulf, Madagascar, Zanzibar. Not previously reported from the East Indies or Philippines. A strongly marked species, easily distinguished by its coloration. Its pattern is like that of Chromis dimidiatus, but without the large dark basal pectoral blotch. The markings on the head are suggestive of Chromis weberi. Giinther’s figure does not show the tail so greatly pale in contrast with the rest of the body, as in our series of specimens. In all the small black spot medially on the caudal fin is distinct, though not conspicuous. 2 examples, Alibijaban Island, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 6, 1909. Length, 138 mm. 1 example, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 140 mm. 1 example, Bulan Island, Samales Group. September 18, 1909. Length, 123 om. ae and 7428 B. F. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 140 to 157 mm. 1 example, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 150 mm. 2 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 140 to 145 mm. 2 examples, Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 140 mm. 15122. Dupon Port, Leyte Island. March 17, 1909. Length, 123 mm. 1 example, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 127 mm. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 49 _ example, Guntao Island. December 20, 1908. Length, 144 mm. 3 examples, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length, 144 to 152 mm. 1 example, Limbones Cove. February 8, 1909. Length, 140 mm. 1 example, Maribojoc Bay, Maribojoe, Bohol. Mareh 26, 1909. Length, 130 mm. 1 example, Maricaban Island, Luzon. January 20, 1908. Length, 110 mm. 1 example, Mompog Island. March 3, 1909. Length, 120 mm. 113846. Mompog Island. March 38, 1909. Length, 136 mm. 1 example, Murcielagos Bay, Mindoro. August 21, 1909. Length, 147 mm. 8733 and 8734; 18737 and 18788 B. F. Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 112 to 160 mm. 1 example, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 145 mm. 11310. Palag Bay vicinity, Luzon. June 16, 1909. Length, 131 mm. 7 examples, Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 90 to 113 mm. 2 examples, Pasacao, Ragay Gulf, Luzon Island. March 9, 1909. Length, 150 to 157 mm. [1256.] Slaty brown; head with greenish shades, well marked on upper cheek and all of opercle; centers of scales of top of head greenish; margins of all scales, except on caudal peduncle, with darker edges: on side margin equal to nearly half of scale, basal portion greenish gray; over- shaded with darker on posterior body and back, so surface altogether dark; preopercular and opercular margins black: from just behind dorsal and ventral axils caudal peduncle becomes white or grayish, which continues throughout caudal fin, though somewhat more dusky and small black blotch in center of fin between base of shortest rays; tips of last four dorsal rays hyaline and slight hyaline edge on vertical portion of anal; dorsal otherwise slaty brown and anal slaty black; ventrals nearly color of anal, rays some- what pale: pectoral rays dusky, membranes nearly hyaline, base of fin blackish. 1 example, Philippines. Length, 150 mm. 13140 and 13141. Polloc, Mindanao. May 22,1908. Length, 120 to 189 mm. 206738. Port Banalacan, Marinduque. February 23, 1909. Length, 143 mm. 5 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 140 to 158 mm. 12436. Port Galera. October 27, 1909. 2 examples. Length, 150 mm. 7 examples, Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. Length, 122 to 139 mm. 12187. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 148 mm. 21412. Quinalasag Island, Masamat Bay. July 12, 1909. Length, 110 mm. 19253 and 19254. Sabtan Island. November 8, 1908. Length, 138 to 152 mm. 14790, 14794. Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. 7 examples. Length, 80 to 1386 mm. 4 examples, Sablayan. December 13, 1908. Length, 118 to 130 mm. 1 example, Sacol Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 132 mm. 12675 and 12677. San Miguel Island, Tabaco Bay. June 4, 1909. Length, 133 and 134 mm. 2 examples, Simalue Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 140 to 148 mm. 8 examples, Simaluc Island. September 23, 1909. Length, 138 to 145 mm. 19584. Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 95 to 138 mm. 10762 and 10768. Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 125 to 153 mm. 19219. Tapiantana Island. September 13, 1909. Length, 148 mm. 14668 and 14669. Tataan, Tawi Tawi Group. February 20, 1808. Length, 120 to 180 mm. [212, 213.] Centers of scales pale blue, margins black; on lower part of head and breast margins very narrowly dusky. Top of head almost black. Dorsal similar to adjacent body; tips of spinous membranes 50 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM jet-black with slate-blue blotches just beneath; soft dorsal jet-black except vertical edge which broadly hyaline. Caudal peduncle and caudal white, fin edged and tipped with dusky and with small black spot in center of base. Anal jet-black, vertical edge narrowly hyaline. Ventral jet-black except lower three or four rays, which bluish. Pectoral membrane hyaline, rays with black at joints. Iris blackish, with silvery shades. 8 examples, Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 138 to 160 mm. 1 example, Varadero Bay, Mindoro. July 23, 1908. Length, 128 mm. 13251 and 13626. Bira Birahan Island, off Borneo. December 31, 1909. Length, 125 to 140 mm. 1 example, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length, 147 mm. 12915 and 12916. Buka Buka Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. November 20, 1909. Length, 182 to 138 mm. 1 example, Dodepo and Pasejogo Islands, Celebes. Noyember 19, 1909. Length, 127 mm. 2 examples, Labuandata Bay, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 18, 1909. Length, 120 to 122 mm. 14743. Limbe Straits, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 120 mm. 13639 and 13640, 14925. Una Una Road, Binang Unang island, Guif of Tomini, Celebes. November 17 and 18, 1909. Length, 104 to 153 mm. 6 examples. CHROMIS LINEATUS, new species Depth 2; head 3 to 314, width 114 to 13%. Snout 445 to 4%; eye 224 to 234, greater than snout, equals interorbital, though greater in young; maxillary not quite reaching eye, though little beyond front eye edge in young; length 244 to 3 in head; teeth uniserial, conic, compressed; interorbital 224 to 21% in head, broadly convex; infraorbitals and preopercles not free; hind preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 6--17, slender, lanceolate, long. Tubes in lateral line 14 or 15, followed by 4 or 5 irregular pores; pores in straight section 10 or 11 to caudal base; 2 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 8 or 9 below, 16 or 17 predorsal forward to snout tip; preorbital and infraorbitals closely scaled so that 4 rows on cheek from lower eye edge. Scales with 7 or 8 basal radiating striae, edge scalloped; apical denticles 78 to 94, very small, basal elements 0 to 2 series transversely. D. XII, 11, 1, fifth spine 144 to 2 in head, sixth ray 114 to 114; A. II, 11 1, second spine 21% to 234, first ray 134 to 1%; caudal strongly forked, pointed lobes ending in short filaments, 225 to 235 in combined head and body; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 2 in head; pectoral 114; ventral 1 to 11%. Upper surfaces of head and body brown, little paler and with soiled appearance on head below, breast, and abdomen. Side of body with about 11 grayish longitudinal bands, not quite wide as pupil and each bordered with brown line. Head with grayish spots and blotches bordered with brown lines. Iris dusky brown, with es FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 51 narrow golden circle around pupil. Vertical fins all deep brown, spinous dorsal dusky, and anal dark. Other fins all paler. Known only from the examples listed below. Readily known by its unique banded longitudinal color pattern, the bluish bands edged with darker. Type.—Cat. No. 89953, U.S.N.M. 1 example, Pangasinan Island. February 13, 1908. Length, 53 mm. Type. 1 example, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 40 mm. Paratype. {Lineatus, with lines.) CHROMIS DESMOSTIGMA, new species Depth 2 to 275; head 2% to 3, width 2. Snout 326 to 344 in head measured from upper jaw tip; eye 224 to 3, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches eye or slightly beyond front eye edge, 314 to 314 in head; teeth minute, small, simple, conic, uni- serial; interorbital 244 to 3, slightly convex; preorbital, infra- orbital, and preopercle edges free and entire. Gill rakers 8-+-16, lanceolate, slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 21; pores 10 to 12 in straight section of lateral line; 5 scales above lateral line, 12 below, 22 predorsal forward to front eye edge; 3 rows of scales on cheek, none on preorbital or infraorbitals or preopercle flange; preopercle ridge distinct. Scales with 8 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 34 to 36, very small, in 2 or 3 transverse series; circuli fine. D. XIV, 14, fourth spine 214 to 214 in total head length, fifth ray 114 to 124; A. II, 14 or 15, second spine 1%4 to 2, fifth ray 124 to 144; caudal 1 to 114, rather deeply forked, lobes pointed; least depth of caudal peduncle 21% to 224; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral U% to 134. ‘ Deep brown generally, slightly paler on lower surface of head, breast and belly. Iris golden to deep brown. Distinct pale brown band from close below beginning of lateral line back to beginning of caudal peduncle above, about one scale in width. Following at caudal base slightly wider pale brownish spot, its length extent of 4 scales. Spinous dorsal dusky, soft dorsal pale, with rays slightly dusky. Lower front of anal dusky, rest of fin paler with rays slightly dusky. Caudal dusky above and below dusky, medianly pale like soft dorsal and anal. Paired fins pale, anterior ventral rays little deeper brown. Pectoral axil pale. An interesting little fish, with color pattern totally unlike that of any pomacentrid. The pale longitudinal band back on the tail fol- lowed by a blotch of the same color on the caudal base, the marks greatly contrasted. Type.—Cat. No. 89954, U.S.N.M. 52 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 6 examples, Tataan Island, Tawi Tawi Group. February 21, 1908. Length, 32 to 837 mm. [278, 259.] Type and 5 paratypes. Olive-green on upper sides and back, becoming slaty-blue on peduncle; top of head blackish; breast dusky, with blue reflections; an ochraceous line beginning in front of lateral line, passing under it and slightly downward, after an interruption ending as blotch on base of dorsal. 2 examples, Caxisigan, Id. January 2, 1909. Length, 32 and 33 mm. [6865.} (Acopos, band; oriype, spot; with reference to the light color-pat- tern.) CHROMIS ELERAE, new species Depth 17% to 214; head 381 to 814, width 124 to2. Snout 4 to 44; eye 224 to 224, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches little beyond front eye edge though not quite to pupil, 234 to 2% in head; teeth biserial, conic, simple, pointed, anterior outer larger; interorbital 23% to 8, convex, broad; preorbital and infraorbital edges entire, not free; hind preopercle edge with few small denticles, largest toward angle. Gill rakers 12+21, lanceolate, slender, long. Tubes in upper section of lateral line 16, followed by 5 or 6 irregu- lar pores; pores in straight section 8 to 10 to caudal base and 1 to 3 more on latter; 3 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 18 to 20 predorsal forward till midway between nostrils; 4 rows of scales on cheek, uppermost row on preorbital and infraorbitals. Scales with 8 or 9 basal radiating striae, edge scalloped; apical denticles 82 to 97, with a single row of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XII, 11, 1, fifth spine 1% to 144 in head, fifth ray 114 to 114; A. II, 10, 1, second spine 114 to 1%, fifth ray 1144 to 1144; caudal forked moderately, lobes pointed, 1 to 114; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 2,45; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral 3 to 314 in combined head and body. Back and upper surfaces vandyke-brown, paler on lower surface of head, breast, and belly. Iris dusky brown. Spinous dorsal and anal, also front half of soft dorsal and anal dusky or blackish- brown, leaving posterior halves of soft fins white in strong contrast, while bases of soft rays in whitish area yellowish-buff. Other fins all dull brownish. Pectoral origin with only very small deep brown spot, little contrasted. Known only from the specimens listed below, the type and para- types. The species is well marked with the contrasted dorsal and anal fins, especially the yellowish bases of the last rays. Type.—Cat. No. 89955, U.S.N.M. 1 example, Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Length, 48 mm. 1 example, Ligpo Point, Balayan Bay, Luzon. January 18, 1908. Length, 47 mm. 2 examples, Pasacao, Ragay Gulf. March 9, 1909. Length, 52 to 60 mm. Type. [1255.] FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 53 4 examples, Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 43 to 62 mm. 6 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1905. Length, 57 to 84 mm. 38 examples, Tulayan Island. September 15, 1909. Length, 73 to 76 mm. (For Castro de Elera, author of the “ Catalago sistematico de toda la fauna de Filipinas.”) CHROMIS RETROFASCIATUS Weber Chromis retrofasciatus WEBER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 359, pl. 6, fig. 5. Kur Island. Depth 134 to 144; head 3 to 324, width 114 to 124. Snout 4 to 444; eye 214 to 214, twice snout length, equals interorbital; maxillary reaches eye, 314 to 314 in head; teeth conic, uniserial, anterior little larger; interorbital 214 to 234, broad, but little convex; preopercle edge entire. Gull rakers 7+-12, lanceolate, slender, long. Tubes in lateral line 12 or 13, often followed, sometimes irregu- larly, by 6 to 8 pores, pores in straight section 8 to 10-++1; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 8 below, 16 predorsal; 4 rows of cheek scales, uppermost row covering infraorbitals. Scales with 6 or 7 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 80 to 89, with 1 or 2 transverse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XII, 11, 1 or 12, 1, fourth spine 12% to 2 in head, sixth ray 134; A. IT, 12, 1, second spine 114 to 11, first ray 114 to 114; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 214; caudal forked, 214 to 234 in combined head and body; pectoral 234 to 314; ventral 214 to 234. Body pale to deep brown, little paler below. Iris brown. Broad black band from last dorsal spines and front half of soft dorsal, including part of tail and front of caudal peduncle to extend over anal medially. Hind or terminal portion of soft dorsal and hind margin of anal, broadly whitish, also rest of caudal peduncle and caudal fin. Spinous dorsal rather dark brown. Pectoral brown. Ventral dusky over greater anterior portion, inner or hind portion whitish. Most examples with bluish line along infraorbital border of eye. Previously only known from the East Indies at Kur Island. A very trim little fish, the smallest species of the genus. It somewhat suggests Abudefdujf dickuw, though of greatly smaller size and the very contrasted black vertical band more posterior. 1 example, Alibijaban Island, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 6, 1909. Length, 43 mm. 1 example, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 37 mm. 1 example, Balikias Bay, Lubang Island. July 17, 1908. Length, 44 mm. 9843. Cagayan. January 8, 1909. Length, 28 to 30 mm. 2 examples. 1 example, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 41 mm. 3 examples, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Island. February 24, 1909. Length, 33 to 47 mm. 54 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 3 examples Caracaran, Batan Island. June 8, 1909. Length, 34 to 40 mm. 9 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 30 to 44 mm. 1 example, Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 35 mm. 2 examples, Mabul Island. September 29, 1909. Length, 33 to 36 mm. 1 example, Mansalay, Mindoro. June 4, 1908. Length, 44 mm. 2 examples, Mantacao Island, west coast Bohol. April 8, 1908. Length, 44 te 47 mm. ; 8 examples, Maribojoe Bay, Maribojoc, Bohol. March 26, 1909. Length, 31 te 37 mim. 38 examples, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 29 to 40 mm. 20782. Powati Harbor, Makyan Island. November 28, 1909. Length, 44 mm. 3 examples, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 36 to 41 mm. 2 examples, Port Banalacan, Marinduque. February 23, 1909. Length, 35 to 42 mm. 2 examples, Port Dupon, Leyte Island. March 14, 1909. Length, 35 to 40 mm. 22421. Port Dupon. March 17, 1809. Length, 42 mm. 19962. 2 examples, Port Galera, Mindoro. October 27, 1909. Length 40 te 45 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 3, 1909. Length, 40 mm. 1 example, Rapu Rapu Island. June 22, 1909. Length, 48 mm. 1 example, Romblon Harbor. March 25, 1908. Length, 40 mm. 1 example, Romblon Reef. March 26, 1909. Length, 40 mm. 4 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. Length, 30 to 37 mm. 14052 to 14054. Sacol Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 44 to 47 mm. 1 example, Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 42 mm. 4 examples, Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. Length, 35 to 44 mm. 2 examples, Tapiantana Island. September 18, 1909. Length, 43 to 45 mm. 1 example, Tataan Island. Tawi Tawi Group. February 21, 1908. Length, 41mm. [281.] 14638. Buka Buka Island, Tomini Gulf, Celebes. November 20, 1909. 3 exam- ples. Length, 31 to 35 mm. 13691. Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. Length, 44 mm. 1 example, Labuandata Bay, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 18, 1909. Length, 37 mm. 3 examples, Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 43 to 46 mm. 2 examples, Sadaa, Celebes. November 17, 1909. Length, 36 to 38 mm. 1 example, Gane Road, Gillolo Island, Moluccas. December 1, 1909. Length, 39 mm. CHROMIS CINERASCENS (Cuvier) Heliases cinerascens Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 495. Java.— ScHLEGEL and Miter, Nat. Ges. Nederl. Zool., 1839-44, p. 24, pl. 6, fig. 5 (Sunda Sea).—ButeeKker, Ned. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 4, 1874, p. 117 (China) ; Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 407 (8), fig. 1; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 155 (Java, Duizend Islands, Celebes, Timor, Ceram). Heliastes cinerascens GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 61 (Molucea Sea).—Ewrra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 548 (C. de Cebu). Chromis cinerascens Fow.rr, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ser. 2, vol. 12, June 10, 1904, p. 583 (Padang, Sumatra). Glyphisodon angulatus BuirmKER, Nat. Gen, Arch. Ned. Ind., vol. 2, 1845, p. 523. Batavia, Java. mi alia FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 55 Chromis insulindicus Birrkrer, Verslag. Kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 10, 1876, p. 890. Amboina.—BureEker, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 403 (4), fig. 3; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 154 (Amboina). Glyphisodon javanicus (VAN HASSELT) BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 156 (name in synonymy). Depth 21% to 224; head 374 to 314, width 134 to 2. Snout 324 to 45; eye 234 to 3, greater than snout, 114 in snout, greater than interorbital in young; maxillary reaches opposite front pupil edge, 224 to 244 in head; teeth conic, outer slightly enlarged row and inner irregular biserial row of small ones; interorbital 244 to 3 in head, broadly convex; hind preopercle edge entire. Gull rakers 8+22, lanceolate, slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 18 or 19, pores in straight section 7 or 8+-1 to 3; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 9 below, 34 predorsal forward to snout end; 5 rows of cheek scales; infraorbital not free. Scales with 8 to 10 basal radiating striae, sometimes with 1 to 8 auxiliaries; apical denticles 86 to 122, basal elements in 4 transverse series; circuli very fine. D. XIII, rarely XIV, 11, 1, fifth ray 134 to 134 in head, first ray usually simple; A. II, 11, 1, second spine 114 to 134, first ray 124 to 114; caudal sharply forked, 114 to 124 in combined head and body; pectoral 3 to 8344; ventral 27% to 314; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 214 in head. Deep umber to chocolate brown, below paler, sometimes with whitish about breast and belly, though most examples with lower regions more or less swarthy. Iris brown. Many young examples paler or more light brown and with silvery reflections on lower sides of head, breast, and abdomen. Fins brown. Upper and lower caudal edges slightly deeper brown in young, not evident in larger examples. Paired fins paler and obscure small brown spot at pec- toral axil, not evident in most adults. East Indian region. Occasionally we find an example with 14 dorsal spines. These represent Chromis insulindicus Bleeker, which differs in no other way from Chromis cinerascens. Bleeker had but a single example, the type of his Chromis insulindicus. The variation of our series of Chromis cinerascens exceed the variant he attempted to establish as Chromis insulindicus. 2 examples, Buang Island, Talajit Island. March 15, 1909. Length, 120 to 129 mm. 181 to 185, 302 to 304, 315. Busin Harbor, Burias Island. March 8, 1909. 11 examples. Length, 90 to 118 mm. 26 examples, Butauanan Island. June 13, 1909. Length, 46 to 100 mm. 3 examples, Canmahala Bay. March 11, 1909. Length, 89 to 105 mm. 12743. Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao, Chica Island. February 24, 1909. 2 examples. Length, 50 to 98 mm. 56 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 12986. Catbalogan, Samar. January 20, 1908. Length, 102 mm. 13008. Catbalogan. April 15, 1908. Length, 97 mm. 15 examples, Catbalogan. April 16, 1908. Length, 65 to 100 mm. 1 example, Labuan Blanda Island. December 14, 1909. Length, 127 mm. 25 examples, Nabatas Point, Samar. July 24, 1909. Length, 48 to 78 mm. 11419. Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 108 mm. 1 example, Pasacao, Ragay Gulf. March 9, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 6 examples, Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 18, 1908. Length, 118 mm. 1 example, Ragay Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 10, 1909. Length, 99 mm. 10429. Verde Island on east side. July 22, 1908. Length, 100 mm. 27672. A.N.S.P. Padang, Sumatra. Messrs. Harrison and Hiller. Length, 104 mm. CHROMIS BITAENIATUS, new species Depth 214; head 8, width 21%. Snout 4; eye 224, much greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary small, reaches eye, 3 in head; teeth minute, simple, conic, in narrow band or irregularly biserial in jaws; interorbital 314, but slightly convex; preorbital, infraorbi- tal and preopercle edges entire, free. Gill rakers 5+-16, lanceolate, slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 16, followed by 3 or 4 irregular pores; pores in straight section 8 to caudal base; 4 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 20 predorsal scales forward nearly to snout tip; cheek with 4 rows of scales, of which uppermost on infraorbital from preorbi- tal. Scales with 8 basal radiating striae and 67 small apical denti- cles, with basal elements in 1 or 2 series; circuli fine. D. XIII, 13, 1, thirteenth spine 1% in head, fifth ray 124; A. II, 12, 1, second spine 2, fifth ray 114; caudal deeply forked, lobes pointed, rather slender, 214 in combined head and body; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head; pectoral 27% in combined head and body; ventral 234. Body very pale or buff to cream-buff or pinkish-buff. Deep blackish-brown band from near upper side of snout, above eye, and then horizontally back to bases of last dorsal rays and out over their full extent. Another similar and little broader band from hind eye edge back to and out over median caudal rays. Lower band also passes narrowly over iris. Known only from the type. The species is remarkable for the longitudinal banded color pattern, unique in the family and recalling certain of the Cheilodipterids. Type.—Cat. No. 89956, U.S.N.M. 15990. Maricaban Island, reef. January 20, 1908. Length, 45 mm. [19.] Type. Bright lemon-yellow; two black longitudinal stripes about breadth of eye, Dorsal and anal very narrowly black edged, body of fin merging into bright orange-chrome. Caudal the same, except central portion which is black from median stripe. Ventral orange-chrome. Pectoral very pale dusky, with black spot at upper edge of base. (Bis, twice; taenia, band; with reference to the color pattern.) FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 57 CHROMIS AZURELINEATUS, new species Depth 124 to 134; head 244 to 314, width 1% to 134. Snout 31, to 4; eye 214 to 27%, greater than snout, 1 to 114 in interorbital; Peeillae, y reaches eye in young g, not quite to eye though little beyond nostril in adult, 3 to 3144 in head: teeth uniserial, compressed, anter- iorly largest and each with slight median notch, laterals truncate; interorbital 224 to 214 in head, broadly convex; infraorbital and preorbital edges entire, free; hind preopercle edge entire. Gull rakers 8-++17, lanceolate, slender, long. Tubes in lateral line 13 or 14, followed more or less irregularly by 5 to 7 pores; pores 12 or 13 in straight section to caudal base and 1 or 2 more on latter; 3 scales above lateral line, 11 below, 23 or 24 pre- dorsal, but not forward quite to nostrils; preorbital and infraorbitals naked, with 3 rows of scales on cheek, of which lowest row on pre- opercle flange; mandible scaly. D. XIV, 14, 1, fourteenth spine 124 to 134 in head, fifth ray 114 to 14; A. II, 15,1, second spine 135 to 124, sixth ray 1 to 114; caudal 226 to 24% in combined head and body, deeply forked, lobes slenderly pointed and end in filament; pectoral 27%; ventral 27% to 3; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 2 in head. Brownish generally, little paler on under surface of head, breast, and belly. ach scale on body with median vertical pale blue or blue-gray curved line, parallel with scale edge and so arranged as to produce oblique parallel lines over most all of side of body. Scales at bases of vertical fins each with small blue-gray spot. Scales on side of head with few light blue lines. Iris light brown, golden narrow ring around pupil. Vertical fins all pale brown, with preservation some examples showing upper and lower borders of caudal broadly dusky, whereas ordinarily slightly deeper brown. Pectorals pale, ventrals little more brownish terminally. Known only from the Philippines. A very handsome species, unique in its color pattern of oblique blue lines on the side of the body. The vertical fins and back often become much more dusky or dark in formalin specimens. Type.—Cat. No. 89957, U.S.N.M. 5 examples, Candaraman Island, Balabac. January 4, 1909. Length, 50 to 62 mm. 50 examples, Port Uson, west of Pinas Island. peechbe 17, 1908. Length, 30 to 60 mm. [920.] Type. Bright green with chrome shades; almost white below with green overshades. Terminal portion of dorsal with broad black bar, forming point on second or third soft ray; spines slightly lilac and pale below; soft fins pale, caudal pale, with broad black edges to lobes. Anal similar to soft dorsal; spines and membranes black terminally. Paired fins dusky. 82872—28—_5 58 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 17 examples, Tara Island. December 15, 1908. Length, 38 to 90 mm. [803.] Pale green, palest below and posteriorly. Dorsal spines bright orange, color earried somewhat into membranes in another portion of fin. Obscure dusky lines on scale rows of side. (Azura, azure: lineatus, lined; with reference to the blue lines on the sides of the body.) LEPIDOCHROMIS, new subgenus Type.—Chromis lepidolepis Bleeker. Each body scale with several small auxiliary basal scales. (Aemis, scale; Chromis,; with reference to the auxiliary basal scales.) CHROMIS LEPIDOLEPIS Bleeker Chromis lepidolepis BLEEKER, Verslag. Kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 10, 1876, p. 389. Timor; Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 408 (4), fig. 2; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 154 (Timor). Depth 2; head 3814 to 314, width 134 to 144. Snout 4 to 414; eye 214 to 234, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches pupil, 234, to 3 in head; teeth biserial, outer row enlarged, especially in front of jaws; interorbital 234 to 3 in head,:broadly convex; hind preopercle edge minutely cietadh Gill pikene 11+-22, igceaiie! slender, rather long. Tubes in lateral line 17, followed irregularly with 4 or 5 pores; horizontal section with 5 to 7 pores to caudal base and 1 or 2 more on latter; 3 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 20 to 23 predorsal which extend forward only opposite to nostril; infraorbital and pre- orbital scaly, 4 rows on cheek with uppermost row on infraorbitals, edge of which not free. Each scale on body with about 3 basal auxil- iary scales, median largest. Scales with 6 or 7 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 117 to 126, small basal elements in 2 or 3 transverse series; circuli very fine. D. XII, 11,1 or 12,1, fifth spine 144 to 2 in head, fifth ray 114 to 124; A. II, 11,1, second spine 114 to 114, third anal ray 114 to 144; least depth of caudal peduncle 2; caudal 224 to 284 in combined head and body, deeply forked, lobes sharply ported pectoral 1 to 114% in head; ventral 1 to 114. Brae generally, with drab-gray to ecru-drab tints on sides, very vale to whitish on under surface of head and abdomen. Iris yellow- ish-brown. Mandible pale like under surface of head. Fins all dull brown, spinous dorsal and front of soft anal little deeper. Upper and lower edges of caudal broadly deep brown. Pectorals pale. Ventrals little deeper brown at tips. East Indian region. Not previously reported from the Philip- pines. It is a dull-colored species, but known by the presence of FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 59 one or more small auxiliary scales at the bases of the larger ones, though much less developed or absent in small or young examples. 1 example, Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Length, 73 mm. 1 example, Bulan Island, Samales Group. September 13, 1909. Length, 57 mm. 2 examples, Calangaman Island, between Leyte and Cebu. March 16, 1909. Length, 38 to 78 mm. 1 example, Capulaan Bay, Pagbilao Isiand. February 24, 1909. Length, 65 mm. 10841. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. 2 exmples. Length, 68 to 70 mm. 1 example, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 65 mm. 10423 and 10482. Hast side of Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length 55 to 60 mm. 86, 100, 104. Endeavor Strait. December 23, 1908. Length, 48 to 56 mm. 9904 and 11094. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8, 1909. Length 62 to 68 mm. 2 examples, Langao Point, Luzon. June 24, 1909. Length, 70 to 72 mm. 14816. Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 67 mm. 6 examples, Makyan Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 51 to 53 mm. 4 examples, Malanipa Island. September 8, 1909. Length, 51 to 66 mm. 27. Malapascua. March 16, 1909. Length, 64 mm. 1 example, Mompog Island. March 38, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 1 example, Maitara island. March 26, 1909. JLength, 53 mm. 1 example, Maitara Island. November 26, 1909. Length, 61 mm. 1 example, Murcielagos Bay. August 9, 1909. Length, 65 mm. 1 example, Northwest Verde Island. July 22, 1908. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Pangasinan Island. February 13, 1908. Length, 64 mm. 2 examples, Panpan, Tara Isiand. September 20, 1909. Length, 73 to 78 mm. 3 examples, Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 26 to 85 mm. 1 example, Port Caltom. December 15, 1908. Length, 58 mm. 1 example, Port Galera, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 70 mm. 10352. Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. 2 examples. Length, 38 to 61 mm. 10509. Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. 2 examples. Length, 40 to 43 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 3, 1909. Length, 54 mm. 3 examples, Port San Pio Quinto, Camiguin Island. November 11, 1908. Length, 57 to 70 mm. 19255. Sabtan Island. November 8, 1908. Length, 72 mim. 1 example, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 13, 1908. Length, 40 mm. 14755. San Januico Strait, Leyte Island. April 18, 1908. Length, 55 mm. 19162, 19164, 19167, 19168. Santo Domingo de Basco, Batan Island. November 7, 1908. Length, 68 to 93 mm. 2 examples, Simaluc, Bisibisi. September 23, 1909. Length, 57 or 58 mm. 1 example, Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 72 mm. 6 examples, Tapiantana Island. September 13, 1909. Length, 32 to 60 mm. 14676. Tataan, Tawi Tawi Group. February 20, 1908. Length, 70 mm. [235.] Purplish olive; edges of scales narrowly darker. Dorsal black toward tip; caudal dusky hyaline in crotch, lobes edged dark, becoming black at tip; anal body-color, terminal third nearly black; ventral and pectoral dusky, with no marked axillary blotch. 2 examples, Tomahu Island. December 11, 1909. Length, 50 to 53 mm. 44, Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. 12 examples. Length, 45 to 58 mm. 21395. Amboina Port. December 6, 1909. Length, 78 mm. 1 example, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10, 1909. Length, 45 mm. 60 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 1 example, Uki, Bouro Island. December 9, 1909. Length, 56 mm. 14639. Buka Buka Island, Tomini Gulf, Celebes. November 20, 1909. 2 ex- amples. Length, 44 to 57 mm. 12776. Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1909. 7 examples. Length, 30 to 65 mm. 11174. Nan Wan Bay, South Formosa. January 25, 1910. Length, 86 mm. DORYCHROMIS, new subgenus Type.—Heliases analis Cuvimr. Distinguished by the long second anal spine, but little shorter than the head. (Aopv, lance; Chromés; with reference to the second anal spine.) CHROMIS ANALIS (Cuvier) Heliases analis Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 496. Amboina.— $LEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 4, 1874, p. 117 (China). Heliastes analis GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 62 (Am- boyna). Chromis analis Buireker, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 405 (6), fig. 1; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 156 (Buru and Amboina). Heliases macrochir BireKer, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 5, 1853, p. 346. Amboina, Depth 144 to 1%; head 8 to 31%, width 134 to 1%. Snout 334 to 414; eye 224 to 244, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches little beyond front eye edge, to front pupil edge in adult, 3 to 31% in head; teeth conic, biserial, inner row smaller; interorbital 3, broad, scarcely elevated; infraorbital extremely narrow, edge en- tire; preopercle edge entire. Gill rakers 7+20, lanceolate, slender, rather short. Tubes in lateral line 16, pores in straight section 8 to 10+2; 38 scales above Jateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 9 below, 27 pre- dorsal well forward of nostril but not quite to snout edge; 5 or 6 rows of cheek scales, compact, uppermost narrowly on infraorbital and extended forward entirely over preorbital to nostril. Scales with 9 or 10 basal radiating striae, 0 to 3 auxiliaries; apical denticles 140 or 141, with 5 to 9 transverse series of basal elements. D. XIII, 12, 1, fifth spine 114 to 1% in head, fourth ray 114 to 124, first ray often simple; A. IT, 11,1, second spine 11% to 114, first ray 114 to 124, often simple; caudal sharply forked, 214 to 234 in combined head and body; pectoral 254 to 234; ventral 234 to 234; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 2,5 in head. Back light brown, sides and lower surface light yellowish. Iris yellowish. Infraorbital grayish-white. Base of spinous dorsal neutral brown, all fins otherwise yellowish white. Small brown spot at pectoral origin and axil pale. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 61 East Indies and China. Not previously reported from the Philippines. A trim species, readily known by the second anal spine longer than the anal rays and the antero-median dorsal spines longest. 9 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 26, 1909. Length, 103 mm. 1 example, Danawan. September 27, 1909. Length, 116 mm. 4 examples, Sipadan Island. September 28, 1809. Length, 128 to 1380 mm. Subgenus HoPLOCHROMIS Fowler Front edge of lower jaw with 6 short conic teeth flaring outward. CHROMIS CAERULEUS (Cuvier) Heliases caeruleus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 497. New Guinea and Ulea. Heliases coeruleus SCHLEGEL and Mixer, Nat. Ges. Nederl. Zool., 1839-44, p. 25. Heliastes caeruleus GintueER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 62. Chromis caeruleus Braurort, Bijd. Dierk., Amsterdam, vol. 19, 1913, p. 129 (Ambon).—Fow.er, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 1918, p. 66 (Philippines) ; Copeia, No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 64 (Philippines). Heliases lepisurus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 498. New Guinea.—ScHLEecEL and Mixtier, Nat. Ges. Nederl. Zool., 1859-44, p. 25. Heliastes lepidurus Ginruer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 63 (Amboina); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 84 (Zanzibar).—PErTERS, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876, p. 443 (Mauritius)—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 389, pl. 82, fig. 1 (Andamans).—KossMANN and RAvuser, Zool, Ergebn. K. Acad. Wiss. Berlin, vol. 1, 1877, p. 24 (Red Sea).—Day, Faun. British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 391, fig. 130.—IsHIKAWA and Matsuura, Prelim. Cat. Fish. Mus. Tokyo, 1897, p. 31 (Japan).— BEAN and WEED, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, 1912, p. 608 (Batavia, Java). Chromis lepisurus BLEEKER, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 403 (4), fig. 7; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 164 (Cocos Island, Java, Bawean, Celebes, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, Ternate, Buru, Ceram, Amboina, Banda, Aru, New Guinea).— STEINDACHNER, Abhandl. Senckenberg Ges., vol. 25, 1900, pp. 440 (Ternate). Chromis lepidurus WrEBER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 358 (Borneo Bank, Celebes Sea, Damar, Sanguisiapo in Sulu Archipelago, Saleyer, Rotti). Heliases frenatus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 498. Guam.— GuErin, Icon. R. An. Cuvier Poiss., 1880-44, pl. 19, fig. 83—Savvagg, Hist. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 436, pl. 28, fig. 1 (Madagascar). Glyphisodon bandanensis BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 2, 1851, p. 248. Neira, Banda. Glyphidodon anabatoides (not BLEEKER) Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 696. Depth 214 to 214; head 8 to 324, width 14 to 2. Snout 3% to 314; eye 234 to 3, greater than snout, about equals interorbital; 62 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM maxillary not to front pupil edge, 21, to 224 in head; teeth small, conic, well spaced, short, mostly uniserial with 2 short canines in front; inside front of each jaw row of small inconspicuous teeth; front edge of lower jaw with 6 short conic teeth externally, all directed outward; interorbital 234 to 3, well convex; infraorbital not free below and behind eye. Gill rakers 9-+21, lanceolate, moderate. Tubes in lateral line 15 or 16, pores in straight section 9 or 10 + 1 or 2; 1 scale above lateral line, 7 or 8 below, 25 to 28 predorsal forward to snout tip; dorsals and anals naked, except very few in- conspicuous basal scales; 4 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 6 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 78 to 130, with 1 to 4 trans- verse series of basal elements; circuli fine. D. XII, 9 or 10, third spine 144 to 1% in head, fourth ray 114 to 14; A. II, 9,1, second spine 214 to 224, fourth ray 124 to 134; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 214; caudal 31% to 324 in combined head and body, forked, lobes slender and end in filaments; pectoral 1 to 154, in head; ventral 1 to 11%. Pale gray-blue generally, fading brownish on back in alcohol, paler to whitish below. Above, each scale with slightly darker center. Edge and base of spinous dorsal dusky, otherwise vertical fins slightly dusky. Pectoral and ventral pale, with front edge of latter whitish. Pectoral axil often very slightly dusky. Red Sea, Zanzibar, Mauritius, East Indies, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia. 11 examples, Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 57 to 92 mm. 1 example, Bolalo Bay, Palawan. December 21, 1908. Length, 73 mm. 1 example, Balikias Bay, Lubang Island. July 17, 1908. Length, 37 mm. 38 examples, Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Length 81 to 83 mm. 2 examples, Bongao Anchorage. February 22, 1908. Length, 33 to 40 mm. 10 examples, Bubuan Island, Jolo. February 14, 1908. Length, 51 to 81 mm. 2 examples, Bulan Island, Samales Group. September 13, 1909. Length, 60 to 64 mm. 15 examples, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 47 to 80 mm. 8 examples, Candaraman Island, Balabac. January 4, 1909. Length, 67 to 77 mim. 2 examples, Cataingan Bay, Masbate Island. November 14, 1909. Length, 70 to 75 mm. 15 examples, Danawan Island and Si Amil Island. September 27, 1909. Length, 50 to 65 mm. 3 examples, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 50 to 64 mm. 1 example, Guntao Island. December 20, 1908, Length, 70 mm. 1 example, Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 9, 1909. Length, 40 mm. 8 examples, Langao Point, Luzon. June 24, 1907. Length, 62 to 88 mm. 12969, 14686, 14687. Langao Point, Luzon. June 24, 1909. Length, 65 to 104 mm. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 63 1 example, Ligpo Point, Balayan Bay. January 18, 1908. Length, 48 mm. 1 example, Limbones Cove. February 8, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 3 examples, Little Santa Cruz Island. May 28, 1908. Length, 75 to 104 mm. 1 example, Mactan Cove, Mactan Island. April 6, 1908. Length, 87 mm. 2 examples, Mactan Island, Cebu. March 25, 1909. Length, 75 to 125 mm. 21101. Maculabo Island. June 14, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 6 examples, Makyan Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 58 to 102 mm. 1 example, Mantacao Island, west coast Bohol. April 8, 1908. Length, 59 mm. 2 examples, Maribojoec Bay, Maribojoc, Bohol. March 26, 1909. Length, 58 to 60 mm. 1 example, Opol, Mindanao. August 4, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 10 examples, Pandanon Island. March 23, 1909. Length, 49 to 67 mm. 5 examples, Porongpong Island, Palumbanes Group. June 11, 1909. Length, 63 to 90 mm. 2 examples, Pendek Island. December 15, 1909. Length, 41 to 48 mm. 1 example, Philippines. Length, 72 mm. 4 examples, Pilas Island. September 12, 1909. Length, 53 to 66 mm. 2 examples, Port Maricaban. July 21, 1908. Length, 68 to 80 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 2, 1909. Length, 59 mm. 14591 and 14593. Port Palapag. June 3, 1909. 43 examples. Length, 50 to 84 mm. 1 example, Romblon. March 25, 1908. Length, 36 mm. 3 examples, Romblon. March 26, 1908. Length, 62 to 76 mm. 21066. Sablayan, Mindoro. December 12, 1908. 8 examples. Length, 55 to 7O mm. 2 examples, Sacol Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 2 examples, San Miguel Harbor, Ticao Island. April 21, 1908. Length, 67 or 68 mm. 19540. Singaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 71 mm. 1 example, Surigao, Mindanao. May 8, 1908. Length, 56 mm. 5 examples, Tapiantana Island. September 138, 1909. Length, 50 to 59 mm. 2 examples, Tara Island. December 14, 1908. Length, 70 to 89 mm. 2 examples, Tataan Island, Tawi Tawi Group. February 21, 1908. Length. 33 to 55 mm. 14482. Tomahu Island. December 12, 1909. Length, 100 mm. 6153. Tonquil Island, east of Gumila Reef. September 14, 1909. 2 examples. Length, 58 to 65 mm. 13162. Tumindao Island, reefs of south lagoon. February 26, 1908. Length, 34 to 82 mm, [353 and 354.] 8 examples. Upper parts bright green, lower sil- very; middle washed with yellow, most noticeable in small specimen under 50 mm. in length; in latter dorsal and anal tipped with lemon yellow, axil plain; black spot at upper angle and very light yellowish bar on base. In larger specimen bright azure line in front of premaxillary, another across preorbital to eye; tip of lower jaw azure; yellow disappears from dorsal in some speci- mens, in others remains on both dorsal and anal. Greens turn blue in formalin. 50. Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 50 mm. 3 examples, Tutu Bay, first anchorage, Jolo. September 19, 1909. 6 examples, Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10,1909. Length, 54 to 61 mm. 3 examples, Dodepo and Pasejogo Islands, Celebes. November 19, 1909. Length, 53 to 70 mm. 65803. U.S.N.M. Tari Tari, Gilbert Islands. Albatross collection. 21 examples. Length, 33 to 68 mm. 64. BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 15116 U.S.N.M. Samoa. Steinberger. 6 examples. Length, 19 to 30 mm. 28553 U.S.N.M. Fiji. Museum Hist. Nat. Paris. 3 examples. Length, 39 to 45 mm. 523532 U.S.N.M. Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. 24 examples. Length, 22 to 112 mm. 65463 U.S.N.M. Mangareva, Gambier Islands. Albatross collection. 24 exam- ples. Length, 51 to 104 mm. 65804 U.S.N.M. Kusaie, Carolines. Albatross collections. 4 examples. Length, 57 to 64 mm. 31625 to 31654 A.N.S.P. Pago Pago, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. 51180 and 71181 A.N.S.P. Pago Pago. Capt. C. F. Silvester. 48653 to 48658 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum of Philadelphia. Length, 30 to 73 mm. Genus CHEILOPRION Weber Cheiloprion WEBER, Siboga Exp., Fische, vol. 57, 1913. p. 342. Type Poma- centrus labiatus Day, monotypic. Ovoid, rather deep. Head moderate. Eye large. Lips very wide, fleshy, papillose. ‘Teeth fine, slender, uniserial, compressed, form even cutting-edge. Infraorbital edge free. Preopercle edge entire. Scales extend forward to end of snout, not on preorbital or subor- bitals. Vertical fins scaly. Dorsal spines 13, rays 12 or 18. Anal spines 2, rays 12. Caudal little emarginate. East Indian region. A well marked genus with broad papillose lips. CHEILOPRION LABIATUS (Day) Pomacentrus labiatus Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 384, pl. 81, fig. 2. Andamans and Nicobars; Faun. Brit. India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 385. Cheiloprion labiatus Werprr, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 342, fig. 73 (head) (Beo, Karakelan Island).—BEAuvurForT, Bijd. Dierk., Am- sterdam, vol. 19, 1918, p. 127 (Ambon).—Fowtsr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 53 (Philippines).—Fowter, Copeia, No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 64 (Philippines). Depth 144 to 17%; head 244 to 27%, width 134 to 144. Snout 3% to 314; eye 3 to 314, greater than snout, 1 to 114 in interorbital; mouth small; maxillary 34 to 44 to eye, 344 to 4 in head; interor- bital 284 to 314, convex. Gill rakers 2+9, robust, pointed, moderate. Tubes in lateral line 17, pores in straight section 8 or 9 to caudal base; 3 scales above lateral line, 9 or 10 below, 20 predorsal; cheek with 4 rows of scales, of which row on preopercle flange small. Scales with 7 to 9 basal radiating striae, edge scalloped; apical den- ticles 80 to 103, small, with single row of basal elements; circuli very fine. D. XIII, 12, 1 or 18, 1, thirteenth spine 2 to 21% in head, fifth ray 124 to 134; A. II, 12, 1, second spine 3 to 314, fifth ray 1144 to 14%; caudal emarginate, upper lobe little longer, 114 to 114; least depth of caudal peduncle 24% to 214; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral 114 to 134. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 65 Largely uniform brownish generally. Fins same. Lips little paler. Andamans, Nicobars, East Indies and Philippines. 1 example, Butauanan Island. June 13, 1909. Length, 69 mm. 1 example, Biri Channel. June 1, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 14436. Gubat Port, Luzon. June 23, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 14704. Matnog Bay. May 31, 1909. Length, 70 mm. 1 example, Philippines. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Port Palapag. June 3, 1908. Length, 75 mm. 1 example, Simalue Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 80 mm. 143887. Talisse Island. November 9, 1909. Length, 85 mm. 49013 to 49017 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum of Philadelphia Length 45 to 72 mm. Genus POMACENTRUS Lacépéde Pomacentrus LactpEpE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1803, p. 505. Type Chaeto: don pavo BLocH, designated by BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Har: lem, (No. 6), Ser. 2, vol. 3, 1877, p. 40. Pristotis RuUppetLt, Neue Wirbeith., Fisch., 1835, p. 128. Type Pristotis cyanostigma RUPPELL, monotypic. Dischistodus Gitt, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 214. Type Pomacentrus fasciatus Cuvirr, orthotypic. Pseudopomacenirus BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, No. 6 ser. 2, vol. 3, 1877, p. 41. Type Pomacentrus littoralis (KUHL and VAN HASSELT) VALENCIENNES. Parapomacentrus BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser..2, vol. 3, 1877, p. 65. Type Pomacentrus polynema BLEEKER, des- ignated by JorpAaN, Stanford Publications (Genera of Fishes, 3), 1919, p. 387. Amblypomacentrus BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 2, vol. 3, 1877, p. 68. Type Glyphisodon breviceps ScHLEGEL and MULLER, designated by JorpAN, Stanford Publications (Genera of Fishes, 3), p. 387. Hupomacentrus Bierxrr, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 2, vol. 3, 1877, p. 73. Type Chaetodon lividus (Forster) SCHNEIDER, monotypic (in subgenus). Brachypomacentrus BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), Ser. 2, vol. 8, 1877, p. 73. Type Pomacentrus albifasciatus SCHLEGEL and MUtirr, monotypic (in subgenus). Ovate or oblong. Head moderate, about deep as long, front pro- file steep, usually rounded. Mouth small, broad, terminal, jaws equal or subequal. Teeth in 1 or 2 close-set rows, compressed, im- movable, truncate or rounded at tips. Preorbital and infraorbitals more or less serrate, former often with deep notch. Preopercle more or less serrate. Gull rakers moderate or long. Scales large, 28 to 31 in median lateral series. Muzzle usually scaly. Dorsals and anals with large basal scaly sheaths. Dorsal with 12 to 14 low stout spines, rays 10 to 16, more or less elevated. Anal spines 2, rays 12 to 16. Caudal forked or emarginate, lobes rounded, some- times end in filaments. 66 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Species numerous, brilliant, often very variable and abundant in tropical seas. Most are of small size and found frequenting tide pools and coral reets. ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES w. Dorsal spines 13 (rarely 14). db’. Teeth biserial. c’. PomMAcENtTRUS. Snout scaled. ad. Dorsal spines 18. e’. Outer row of teeth truncate terminally, close-set and form compact cutting edge. f*. No dark and light contrasted streaks or blotches on opercle or longitudinaily on caudal peduncle. g'. Cheek scales in 2 rows above preopercle ridge. h*. Median lateral scales each with light blue vertical line. pavo. h’. Median lateral scales each with small blue spot__ caeruleus. g. Cheek scales in 3 rows above preopercle ridge. i’. Preopercle limb scaled posteriorly ; caudal without upper anglowenr Gusky.bOrd Cre s=seee ee violescens. #. Preopercle limb not scaled posteriorly ; caudal with upper Bnd lowe, DOLGETS | GU Skye ese aie eee es taeniurus. f’. Dark and light contrasted blotches on opercle and as longitu- ding shands ton) caudal peduncles 22a ease eee smithi. e’. Outer row of teeth conic terminaliy, cutting-edge less compact. j. Pectoral without dark axillary bletch, within which small white spot. k*. Preorbital scaly; preorbital and infraorbital serrae IGI Gees tree Leen tame ep reere Pee ese ese eae aaa littoralis. k’. Preorbital scaleless. U. Cheek with 2 rows of scales above preopercile ridge; pectoral base with large black blotch; light brown CODA GISt 2 2 Sas en See melanopterus. ?. Cheek with 3 rows of scales above preopercle ridge; pectoral origin never with large black blotch, when present always less than pupil; anal often with 2 whitish, parallel, submarginal lines anteriorly yellowish to dusky. mm. No sky-blue line over eye; no black ocellus on last dorsal rays or caudal peduncle above; VellOWISH) 22 oes ee eee es amboinensis. nv. Several sky-blue lines from snout over eye some- times present; black ocellus on last dorsal rays or on caudal peduncle above. tripunctatus. 7. Pectoral with dark axillary blotch, within which small White spot, DIOWNS—-2= Seen grammorhynchus. da. Dorsal spines 13 or 14; black spot at pectoral origin. ni. Vertical fins uniformly brown or dusky. o'. Suborbitals scaled_.____--~- lepidogenys, o. “Suborbitals, naked 222 - oa: ee reidi. nv’. Anal pale, with black blotch on last 5 rays ter- THOTT LY 02 Oe a ee eee stigma. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 67 c’. DIScHIsSTODUS. Snout scaleless. p. Lower preopercle limb and_ interorbital scaly; preopercle edge strongly dentate. gq. Outer mandibular teeth more or less truncate. m. Interorbital scales not extending for- ward to nostrils; second anal spine less than postocular region. s’. Round black nuchal blotch, second at front median dorsal spines, third on hind dorsal rays; 2 blue bands trans- versely on interorbital. perspicillatus. s°, Back without round black blotches; single blue line across interorbital. prosopotaenia. »~. Interorbital scales extend forward to nostrils ; second anal spine longer than postocular; head and front of trunk brown, rest yellowish; black ocellus at eighth and ninth dorsal spines in MANU Oe lige 9s e H e pyd notophthalmus., y. Outer mandibular teeth more or less rounded, not truncate; interorbital scales not extending before eye; brown, with 2 transverse blue interorbital lines; yel- lowish spot on back at median dorsal SPRINGS Ss Se eat lao dG pristiger. p*. Lower preopercle limb and interorbital scale- less; outer mandibular teeth rounded ter- minally; back with 4 large, transverse bands; cluster of black spots behind gill OPENINGR GS) eee EE OS i fasciatus. b’. Teeth uniserial. i’, PARAPOMACENTRUS. Snout Scaly ; head, in profile, more conic or at- tenuate; soft dorsal and anal with front half dusky, posterior half strongly contrasted yellowish white; black basal pectoral blotch over most of pectoral base and into Exaile PI a ee ee esa ovoides. t’. AMBLYPOMACENTRUS. Snout scale less; head very obtuse. wu’. Caudal uniformly pale. breviceps. uw. Caudal with large black basal Dlokcha ea Gese pes ace beauforti. a’. EUPOMACENTRUS. Dorsal spines i1 or 12; teeth uniserial, truncate; head strongly obtuse; suborbitals and preopercle serrated; snout scaled. v. Suborbitals naked ; body longer, depth (2 to) 2462.4: lividus, v’. Suborbitals densely scaled; body deeper, depth 1% to 2. nigricans, 68 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUS}'UM POMACENTRUS PAVO (Bloch) Chaetodon pavo Buiocu, Naturg. Ausl. Fisch., vol. 3, 1787, p. 60, pl. 198. East Indies. Pomacentrus pavo LAckPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1802, pp. 505, 508 (Hast Indies ).—RUPppe 1, Atlas Reise, Nordl. Afr. Fisch., 1828. p. 37 (Massaua) .— Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 18380, p. 418 (Moluccas) .—VALENCIENNES, Régne An. Cuv. Ill., 1839, pl. 32, fig. 83—ScHLEGEL and MULLER, Verh. Nat. Ges. Nederl., Zool., vol. 2, 1889-44, p. 20 (Moluccas).—GtnrtTueEr, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 283 (Amboina); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 81 (Zanzibar and Mozambique).—KuLuwnzincER, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 523 (copied).—Carrtier, Verh. Ges. Wiirz- burg, vol. 5, 1874, p. 99 (Cebu).—BtLrexkrer, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 408 (9), fig. 9—-Gtunruer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 227, pl. 124, fig. E (Red Sea, Hast Africa, Tahiti, Ponape, Bonin Islands). —Erra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 545 (Cebu) .—WeEpER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 386 (Sanguisapo, Sulu Archipelago, Damar, Saleyer, Ambon, Tuir)—FowLrr, Copeia, No. 58, June 18, 1918, p. 64 (Philippines). Pomacentrus (Pomacentrus) pavo BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch Har- lem, (No. 6), Ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 42 (Sumatra, Nias, Java, Bawean, Celebes, Sangi, Solor, Timor, Ternate, Buro, Ceram, Amboina, Haruko, Nussalaut, Obi-major, Banda, Goram, Cebu, New Guinea). Holocentrus diacanthus LAckpEprE, Hist. Nat. Poiss, vol. 4, 1802, pp. 333, 373. No locality (on Chinese Mss.). Pomacentrus pavoninus BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie., vol. 5, 1853, p. 85. Lawajong, Solor. Pomacentrus ? furcatus THIOLLIERE, Faun. Woodlark, 1857, p. 201. Woodlark Island. Pomacentrus notatus Macteay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 8, 1883, p. 451. New Britain. Depth 21/4 to 224; head 314 to 334, witdth 144 to 1%. Snout 444 to 414; eye 244 to 324, greater than snout, equals interorbital or greater in young; maxillary extends little beyond front eye edge, though not quite to pupil, 3 to 314 in head; teeth uniserial, little compressed, pointed ; interorbital 3 to 314, but slightly convex; infra- orbital and hind preopercle edges denticulate. Gill rakers 6+ 14, lanceolate, slender, moderate. Tubes in lateral line 16 or 17, pores in straight section 9 or 10+1 or 2; scales above lateral line 3, below 9, predorsal 15 to 17, extend- ing forward opposite nostrils; 3 rows of cheek scales, infraorbital naked. Scales with 7 or 8 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 88 to 119, with 1 to 8 transverse series of basal elements; circuli fine. D. XIII, 12,1 or 13,1, thirteenth spine 124 to 134 in head, seventh ray 324 to 314 in combined head and body; A. II, 13 1 or 14 1, second spine 136 to 1% in head, ninth ray 1 to 134; least depth of caudal peduncle 144 to 17%; caudal deeply lunate, 214 to 214 in combined head and body; pectoral 324 to 334; ventral 314 to 335. Keru-drab generally, lower surface pale to whitish. Head spotted with blue-gray, usually with more or less horizontal distribution. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 69 Tris neutral, with several blue-gray bars, spots or lines. Blue black blotch on opercle about size of pupil below origin of lateral line. Upper border of back all speckled or mottled with azure, and chest breast and belly with blue spots, rather large and below disposed as several longitudinal rows to form streaks. Anal base and adjacent region of tail with white azure spots. Each scale along middle of sides with deep brown median streak or band, vertically followed by an azure one, producing vertically streaked appearances. Spinous dorsal neutral blue, with some azure lines terminally. Several azure bars basally to each membrane and several median vertical lines to each membrane medially. Soft dorsal and anal more neutral gray and inconspicuously with azure spots and lines, obsolete terminally. Both dorsals and anals rather dusky terminally. Caudal dull or pale brownish, also paired fins. Red Sea and East Africa to the East Indies and Tahiti. In its pleasing design and delicate shades of blue this is easily the gem of the family. Its variations are usually slight and specimens are mostly quite uniform. 2 examples, Bumbum Island. September 25, 1909. Length, 54 to 60 mm. 1 example, Cagayan. January 8, 1909. Length, 89 mm. 1 example, Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 80 mm. 4 examples, Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length, 52 to 76 mm. 9 examples, Mactan Cove, Mactan Island. April 6, 1908. Length, 76 to 108 mm. 1 example, Murcielagos Bay. August 9, 1909. Length, 75 mm. 35 examples, Pandanon Island. March 23, 1909. Length, 50 to 90 mm. 5 examples, Philippines. Length, 43 to 78 mm. [308 to 310.] Bright indigo- blue, showing mainly as central areas on scales, margins paler; on anterior portion of body and head blue appears as blotches and stripes on olive-green ground; slate-black blotch size of pupil at upper angie of pectoral; belly pale, without marks. Dorsal bluish, spinous tips bright blue, 3 or 4 paler broken bars lower; vertical edge of dorsal with pale yellowish blotch. Caudal pale yellow and dusky. Anal pale slaty, blue rays washed with greenish. Ventral dusky-greenish, hyaline; pectoral pale yellow. Vent black. Iris dark. 2 examples, Port Matalvi, Luzon. November 23, 1908. Length, 55 to 81 mm. (714, 718.] 20051. Romblon. March 26, 1908. Length, 82 mm. 1 example, Tataan, Simalue Island. February 20, 1908. Length, 94 mm. [163.] Sapphire-blue confined to vertical bar on each scale with gray ground; on front or nuchal region and head, longitudinal lines. Dorsal body-color, yellowish blotch on vertical part. Caudal yellowish, dusky at base. Anal blue. Ventral pale, yellowish at tip. Pectoral lemon-yellow, bluish on first ray. Iris spotted as head. 1 example, Tomahu Island. December 11, 1909. Length, 89 mm. 8 examples, Tumindao Island. February 26, 1908. Length, 88 to 102 mm. 20333 and 20334. Tutu Bay, Jolo. September 19, 1909. Length, 90 to 100 mm. 3 examples, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes, Dutch East Indies. December 17, 1909. Length, 29 to 39 mm. 52309 U.S.N.M. Apia, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. 12 examples. Length, 27 to 66 mm. 70 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 65993 U.S.N.M. Tari Tari, Gilbert Islands. Albatross collections. 2 examples. Length, 61 to 83 mm. 31253 to 31264 A.N.S.P. Apia. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 29 to 59 mm. 48619 A.N.S.P. Philippines. Commercial Museum of Philadelphia. Length, 50 mm. POMACENTRUS CAERULEUS Quoy and Gaimard Pomacentrus caeruleus Quoy and GAIMaARD, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 1824, p. 397, pl. 64, fig. 2. Mauritius——Cvuvirr, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p. 418 (Mauritius) —SAuvace, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Poiss., 1891, p. 429 (type). Depth 224 to 234; head 314 to 324, width 124 to 144. Snout 4 to 4144; eye 2% to 3, greater than snout or interorbital; maxillary reaches opposite front eye edge, 314 to 314 in head; teeth uniserial, compressed, ends rounded; interorbital 3 to 314, broadly convex; in- fraorbital edge entire; preopercle edge rather coarsely denticulate behind. Gull rakers 8-+-13, lanceolate, slender, lone. Tubes in lateral line 16 or 17, pores 8 or 9+-1 or 2; 3 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 16 predovsal; 3 rows of cheek scales, infraor- bital naked and row on preopercle flange much smaller than others. Scales with 8 or 9 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 73 to 81, with single or double row of basal elements; circuli fine. D. XI to XIII, 13, 1 or 14, 1, thirteenth spine 124 to 134 in head, eighth ray 114 to 124, often first and second rays simple; A. IT, 14, 1 or 15, 1, second spine 124 to 134, ninth ray 144 to 114, often first ray simple; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 2; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral 1 to 1;4,; caudal emarginate, 214 to 3 in combined head and body. Cobalt blue generally, variegated with azure, producing dark mottled appearance on head above and along back above lateral line. Blue bar from end of snout to eye and blue line all along lower eye border on infraorbital. Upper scale of opercle at begin- ning of lateral line with black spot, less than half size of pupil. Smaller and less defined dusky spot at pectoral origin. Iris pale olivaceous or yellowish. Dorsals and anals largely deep neutral gray, soft fins slightly olivaceous basally. Caudal and caudal pe- duncle largely dull brownish, with olivaceous tinge on caudal, of which hind border slightly deep gray. Paired fins pale or light brownish. Mauritius and Philippines. We have compared this species care- fully with Pomacentrus pavo, from which it differs in no way ex- cept color pattern and the more plump body. In P. pavo the pale blue spots on the head are always smaller and tend to form lines or streaks, these also extending along the upper and lower or submar- ginal portions of the body. The enclosed median space of the sides is then contrasted by vertical pale streaks, only as spots posteriorly in the young. In P. caeruleus the coloration is more as shown in FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS t1 Jordan and Seale’s figure of P. pavo, though the spots on the head in our specimens large. In this connection we have also made the com- parison with a series of examples from Apia, reported by Jordan and Seale as P. pavo and 2 from Tari Tari in the Gilbert Islands. The Samoan examples also emphasize very clearly, as they were pre- served in formaline, the blue lines on the head of some individuals turning very dark and thus giving an entirely different appearance. In general superficial appearance the species is greatly sugges- tive of Abudefduf unimaculatus. Previously only known from Mauritius. 1 example, Canmahala Bay, Ragay Gulf. March 11, 1909. Length, 50 mm. 4 examples, Cataingan Bay, Masbate. April 18, 1908. Length, 25 to 60 mm. One with egg strings of copepod crustacean parasite protruding from right side. 1976. Gondra Island, near Bolipongpong Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 68 mm. Bright blue above, head fading to slaty; side from upper base of pectoral washed with yellow; posterior portion of body from about sixth soft dorsal ray cadmium-yellow, including remainder of dorsal fin and all caudal fin; dorsal otherwise slaty, narrow paler lines across soft part near its margin; anal olivaceous, becoming yellowish at base, obscure paler lines through distal portion; paired fins yellowish. 1 example, Makyan Island. November 29, 1909. Length, 48 mm. 1 example, Simalue Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 64 mm. 2 examples, Sitanki Reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 67 to 69 mm. 11497. Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 63 mm. 2 examples. [1942.] Upper parts blue, becoming gray on breast and belly; dorsal with black margin, gray anteriorly, yellow posteriorly; blue of body running into soft part; caudal yellow; anal similar to soft dorsal, less yellow; paired fins pale yellow. 1050. Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 60 mm. 1 example, Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 10, 1909. Length, 56 mm. POMACENTRUS VIOLESCENS (Bleeker) Pristotis violescens Birexker, Journ. Ind. Arch., vol. 2, 1848, p. 687. Sumbawa. Pomacentrus violescens GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 20 (Hast Indies).—Marrens, Preuss. Exp. Ost Asien, 1876, p. 396 (Amboina R.).—BLreErKkerR, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 408 (9), fig. 6. Pomacentrus (Pomacentrus) violescens BLEEKER, Nat. Ver. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem, (No. 6), ser. 3, vol. 2, 1877, p. 46 (Nias, Sumbawa, Flores, Buru, Amboina, Ceram). Dascyllus vanthurus BLEEKER, Nat. Tijd. Ned. Indie, vol. 4, 1853, p. 117. Amboina, Pomacentrus rathbuni JoRDAN and SwyperR, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 23, 1901, p. 754. Near Yokohama. Depth 214 to 234; head 314 to 324, width 124 to 1%. Snout 324 to 445; eye 244 to 3, greater than snout or interorbital; maxilliary reaches but little beyond front of eye, 284 to 344 in head; teeth uniserial, compressed, blunt to more or less truncate, sometimes (2 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM somewhat rounded; interorbital 27% to 8, broadly convex; lower infraorbital and hind preopercle edges feebly serrate. Gull rakers 7-+16, lanceolate, long, slender. Tubes in lateral line 16 to 18, pores in straight section 6 to 9+0 to 2; 3 scales above lateral line, 8 or 9 below, 17 to 20 predorsal; 4 or 5 rows of cheek scales. Scales with 8 or 9 basal radiating striae; apical denticles 77 to 125, with 2 or 3 transverse rows of basal ele- ments; circuli very fine. D. XIII, 10, 1 or 11, 1, thirteenth spine 275 to 314 in head, fourth ray 1; to 11%, first ray sometimes simple; A. IT, 11, 1, second spine 1% to 2, sixth ray 11% to 114, with first and second rays sometimes simple; least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 2; pectoral 1 to 114; ventral 1; caudal forked, 21% to 314 in combined head and body. Body chocolate to neutral brown, base of each scale with pale bluish spot, on head smaller. Blue-gray line from snout tip to eye. Iris neutral brown. Suprascapula with dusky blotch about size of pupil, always smaller than dark basal pectoral blotch. Dorsals neutral dusky, with last half of fin abruptly pale yellowish to white, the dusky of anterior portion reaching back marginally to ends of longest rays. Caudal peduncle and caudal fin largely uni- form pale yellowish, hind edges pale grayish. Anal dusky brown. Pectoral brownish, with large dusky-black basal blotch and ventral often darker than pectoral. East Indies, Japan. A very handsome trim little fish, chiefly noted for the abrupt light hind portion of the dorsal, tail, and cau- dal fin. It differs at once in the uniform yellow caudal from Pom- acentrus taeniurus, though agrees with Abudefduf bankiert in that respect. From the last it may easily be known by the entire pectoral base blackish and the dark area of the soft dorsal extend- ing back to the tips of the longest rays. 1 example, Capunuypugan, Mindanao. May 10, 1908. Length, 62 mm. 1 example, Caracaran, Batan Island. June 8, 1909. Length, 69 mm. 4 examples, Cebu dock. September 5, 1909. Length, 51 to 57 mm. 1 example, Port Uson, Busuanga Island. December 19, 1908. Length 64 mm. [947.] Very dark brown; vertical edge of dorsal, anal, and caudal bright cadminm-orange; base of pectoral black, fin dusky; indistinct bar under incised tips of spinous dorsal shows by transmitted light. 1 example, Subig Bay. January 7, 1908. Length, 49 mm. 8413. Hokuho, Soo Wan, Formosa. January 29, 1910. Length, 65 mm. 49706 U.S.N.M. Yokohama, Japan. P. L. Jouy. Type of Pomacentrus rath- buni. POMACENTRUS TAENIURUS Bleeker Pomacentrus taeniurus Burexer, Act. Soc. Ind. Néerl. (Amboina), vol. 1, 1856, p. 51. Amboina.—Gutntrusmr, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 22 (East Indies).—Cartier, Verh. Ges. Wiirzburg, vol. 5, 1874, p. 100 (Ubay).—BLereKker, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. 9, 1877, pl. 408 (9), fig. 2—KtLuNnzInerErR, Sitzs. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 80 (1), 1879, p. 397 FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 73 (Port Denison).—K eye 534 to 6, 1% to 2 in snout, 136 to 134 in interorbital; maxillary reaches pupil, 214 to 224 in head; interorbital 344 to 4, broadly convex. Gill rakers 6+12, lanceolate, short. Scales 28 to 30 in lateral line, each tube with few short branchlets; 6 scales above lateral line, 10 to 12 below, 14 or 15 predorsal. Scales with 12 to 20 basal radiating striae and 4 or 5 marginals; 4 to 7 obsolete apical striae; circuli fine. D. XII, 9, 1 or 10, 1, twelfth spine 314 to 3% in head, seventh ray 214 to 2%; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 334 to 4%, eleventh ray 244. to 2%; caudal 1% to 144, emarginate, little convex behind when expanded and upper and lower rays exserted; least depth of caudal peduncle 2% to 214; pectoral 1% to 134; ventral 114 to 1%. Uniform pale brown generally, each row of scales on trunk and tail with median grayish or whitish streak or narrow band and on 208 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM belly and breast broken as grayish spots. Along side of snout to eye slightly darker brown shade than general color of head and this continued beyond eye to suprascapula; also from maxillary angle darker ill-defined band back across preopercle angle to interopercle. Front of spinous dorsal over most of first 3 membranes blackish brown. Below last dorsal rays and on upper surface of caudal peduncle for 3 or 4 scales in extent down to lateral line and below 1 or 2 scales, blackish brown blotch. Outer ventral edge slightly darker. Mauritius, Zanzibar, Ceylon, East Indies, Hawaii. Our examples all agree with Bleeker’s figure. The markings on the head, though similar, are less conspicuous. Compared with the Hawaiian examples, all of which show the dark posterior blotch above the lateral line and dark lines extending longitudinally down to the tip of the snout, besides 3 back from the eye and only narrow one from rictus back- ward, there is little of specific distinction. A. 806. Zamboanga market. October 6, 1909. Length, 393 mm. A. 813. Zamboanga market. October 11, 1909. Length, 295 mm. 5994. Zamboanga market. May 26, 1908. Length, 305 mm. 51037 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 220 mm. 50672 U.S.N.M. Honolulu. Bureau of Fisheries. Type of Lepidaplois strophodes. 55052 U.S.N.M. Honolulu. Albatross collection. Length, 170 mm. 55509 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 118 mm. 57914 U.S.N.M. Zamboanga. Dr. E. A. Mearns. Length, 240 to 252 mm. 2 examples. 84087 U.S.N.M. Hawaiian Islands. Length, 120 mm. 33125 A.N.S.P. Victoria, Australia. Mrs. Agnes Kenyon. Type of Lepidaplois richardsont. LEPIDAPLOIS HIRSUTUS (Lacépéde) Labrus hirsutus Lactpkpg, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802, pp. 429, 473, pl. 20, fig. 1. Great Gulf of India. Labrus rubrolineatus Lacirbpn, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802, pp. 433, 480. Madagascar and Reunion. Labrus macrourus Lacf&pkpE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802, pp. 438, 493, pl. 9, fig. 3. Great Equatorial Ocean. Cossyphus macrurus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 104 (Mauritius and types of Labrus spilonotus)—GUnrTuErR, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 240, pl. 119, fig. A. (Mauritius and Vavau).—IsHikAwA and Marsuura, Prelim. Cat. Fish. Imp. Mus. Tokyo, 1897, p. 30 (Japan).—GuiLcurist and THomrson, Ann. S. Af. Mus., vol. 11, pt. 2, 1911, p. 46 (Natal). Lepidaplois macrurus JORDAN and SEALE, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, 1906 (1907), p. 29 (Manila). Crenilabrus croceus Lesson, Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. 4, 1828, p. 407. Tombau Bay, Mauritius. Crenilabrus chabrolit Lesson, Voy. Coquille, Zool., vol. 2 (1), 1830, p 133, pl. 38 (on Crenilabrus croceus). Labrus spilonotus BENNETT, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 3, 1835, p. 207. Mauritius. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 209 Cossyphus maldat VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 114. Mauritius.—GuicHEnot, Notes I. Reunion, vol. 2, 1862, p. 28. Lepidaplois lorozonus SNyp=R, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 35, 1909, p. 94. Okinawa, Riu Kiu; vol. 42, 1912, p. 506 (name). Lepidaplois trotteri FowLER and Bran, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 63, 1923, p. 20. Paumotu Islands. Depth 2% to 23%; head 234, width 214 to 2144. Snout 234 to 27%; eye 514 to 534, 2 to 24 in snout, 124 to 14 in interorbital; maxillary reaches 7% to eye, 226 to 224 in head; canines 4 anteriorly, and also small upper posterior one, each concealed in lips; broad bony dental plate inside each row of jaw teeth, which uniserial, small, very obtuse and short; interorbital 314 to 3% in head, convex. Gill rakers 5+11, lanceolate, short, robust. Scales in lateral line 30 to 33+2 or 3; 6 scales above lateral line, 11 below, 15 to 18 predorsal. Scales with 14 to 17 basal radiating striae; apical and marginal radiating striae 13 to 16, though of mar- ginals 2 to 4 closer to basal striae; circuli very fine. D. XII, 10, 1, twelfth spine 3% to 4 in head, eighth ray 2% to 234; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 344, tenth ray 22¢ to 234; caudal 114 to 14, truncate, each end exserted little; least depth of caudal peduncle 21% to 2%; pectoral 126 to 134; ventral 114 to 1%. Brown generally, under surface paler. Along each row of scales darker median band, continued forward on head a little darker and so 3 reach hind eye edge. First 2 or 3 membranes of spinous dorsal black. Base of soft dorsal black, streaked down and backward all along lower edge of caudal peduncle and lower edge of caudal fin. Lower marginal half of anal or more, black. Ventral black. Fins otherwise pale or unicolor. Mauritius, Natal, Philippines, Riu Kiu, Paumotu. This species is very close to Lepidaplois bilunulatus, differing only in the black posterior blotch being extended downward and backward along the entire lower caudal edge. It is, however, very variable, as all the various synonyms here united will show. Slight variation is noticeable in the specimens below. The black anal border not completely extending to the tip of the last anal ray in some cases. Also some with whole lower edge of breast and belly dusky. The earliest name for the species appears to be Labrus hirsutus Lacépéde. Sparus forsteri Schneider has also been associated, but is apparently a Symphorus. 7286. Paluan Bay, Mindoro. December 11, 1908. Length, 230 mm. 6351. Port Jamelo. July 13, 1908. Length, 234 mm. 6918. Santo Domingo, Batan. November 7, 1908. Length, 285 mm. 74580 U.S.N.M. Nafa, Okinawa, Rui Kiu. Albatross collection. Type of Lepidaplois loxozonus. Length, 315 mm. 18 Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 282. Tongatabu. 210 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSUEM 62233 U.S.N.M. Nafa. Albatross collection. Paratype of Lepidaplois loxoz- onus. Length, 107 mm. 82970 U.S.N.M. Paumotu Islands. Wilkes expedition. Type of Lepi- daplois trottert. Genus PSEUDODAX Bleeker Pseudodax BLEEKER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London (December 10), 1861, p. 409. Type Odax moluccanus VALENCIENNES, orthotypic. Body oblong, compressed. Each jaw with 2 pairs of broad incisors with cutting lateral edge. Preopercle edge entire. Branchioste- gals 6. Scales moderate, 32 or 33 in lateral line, which continuous. Head scaly and cheek covered with small scales. Dorsal spines 11, rays 12. Anal spines 3, rays 14. Indian Ocean and East Indian region. Only the single species described below. In a superficial way it is greatly suggestive of some species of Anampses, but is easily distinguished among all members of the family by its remarkable broad incisor-like teeth. PSEUDODAX MOLUCCANUS (Valenciennes) Odax moluccanus VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 14, 1840, p. 305, pl. 408, fig. 2. Moluccas; Régne An. Cuv. Ill. Poiss., 1839, p!. 91, fig. 3. Pseudodax moluccanus BLEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 80, pl. 22, fig. 6, and pl. 18, fig. 5 (Celebes, Amboina, Ceram).—GuICHENOT, Notes I. Reunion, vol. 2, 1862, p. 28.—BurrKerr, Verslag. Ak. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 15, 1863, p. 20 (Hitu, Amboina); Nat. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 1, 1863, p. 263 (Atapupu, Timor).—GuicuEnot, Mém. Soe. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, vol. 11, 1866, p. 67 (type, Reunion).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 409, pl. 89, fig. 1 (Malay Archipelago); Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 420, fig. 146. Pseudodax moluccensis GiNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 208 (Amboyna, Java); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 102 (Zanzibar). Odax moluccensis Cartinr, Verh. Phys. Med. Ges. Wiirzburg, 1873, p. 106 (Bohol).—E.pra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 557 (Bohol, Cebu). Depth 226 to 23%; head 3 to 31%, width 2% to 2%. Snout 2144 to 214; eye 6 to 62%, 214 to 23% in snout, 1% in interorbital; maxillary reaches 44 to eye, 31% to 34 in head; interorbital 414 to 424, convex. Gill rakers 5+9, short, fleshy, tubercles, spinescent, with about 5 spines to each. Scales in lateral line 29+2 or 3; 4. scales above lateral line, 10 or 11 below, 10 to 12 predorsal. Scales with 20 basal radiating striae, apically with fine, obsolete, imperfect striae; circuli fine. D. XI, 12,1, eleventh spine 34% to 42% in head, first ray 34% to 44; A. II, 11, 1, second spine 6 to 7, first ray 314 to 324; caudal 126 to 114, hind edge slightly convex; least depth of caudal peduncle 17% to 2; pectoral 124; ventral 1% to 1%. Dark brown generally, each scale with slightly darker median blotch. Scales on opercle each with dark blotch. Iris brown. Fins all brown, mostly more or less dusky terminally. Dorsals and anals FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS Ott with submarginal dusky lines and reticulating dark lines over greater median or outer areas. Caudal base with transverse pale band, outer half with dark spots or bars. Pectoral olive, basally blackish. Ventral with dusky rays, membranes transparent. Zanzibar and Reunion to the East Indies. 5320. Cebu market. April 4, 1908. Length, 206 mm. * 5394. Cebu market. April 7, 1008. Length, 234 mm. 8431. Cebu market. March 24, 1909. Length, 249 mm. 6540. Off Daet, from line fisherman. June 15, 1909. Length, 233 mm. A1201 and A1202. Doworra Island. December 2, 1909. Length, 248 to 263 mm. 6593. Maricaban Island, near Depoc Point. July 21,1908. Length, 198 mm. 19190. Tulnalutan Island. September 9, 1909. Length, 202mm. [1918.] 12864. Tifu Bay, Bouro Island. December 10.1919. Length, 190 mm. 13491. Uki River, Bouro Island. December 9, 1909. Length, 193 mm. A1189. Gane Road, Gillolo Island. December 1, 1909. Length, 256 mm. 13615. Una Una Road, Binang Unang Island, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes. Novem- ber 18, 1909. Length, 177 mm. [2048.] Dark vermilion on nape and along base of dorsal, covering most of opercle; side and posterior part of body largely olive vermilion, scales with red brown spot at base, these more or less bar-like anteriorly and above, becoming circular below and on peduncle, continued on side of breast and belly. Head dark olivaceous; bright blue line from snout above premaxillary downward along lower cheek; opercle edged with bluish; about four obscure indigo stripes from snout backward through interorbital region; teeth bluish at base; lower lip and chin dusky carmine; upper lip dusky orange. Dorsal ground-color vermilion, margined with Prussian blue, body of fin mottled and streaked with dark. Anal more olive toward margin, rays reddish, edge of fin blue; two bars of dark blue through body of fin, one at about inner third, second composed of oblique dashes through outer half. Caudal nearly black, tipped with white and more or less shaded with blue. Ventrals blue in front, rays otherwise blackish. Pectoral first short ray blue above, others yellow; membranes hyaline; base of fin very dark. WETMORELLA, new genus Type.— Weimorella philippina, new species. Distinguished from all known labroids by the presence of a single large scale entirely covering the cheek. This genus is unique in its large cheek scale, though in superficial resemblance greatly suggests the young of Epibulus. (For Dr. Alexander Wetmore, assistant secretary, United States National Museum, in slight appreciation of his interest in our work on Philippine ichthyology.) WETMORELLA PHILIPPINA, new species Depth 214 to 234; head 23% to 27%, width 214% to 24%. Snout 3% to 314; eye 3% to 4, 1 to 1% in snout, 1 or more in interorbital; maxillary reaches 34 to 4 to eye, 4 to 4%4 in head; lips narrow; interorbital 334 to 41%, broadly convex. Gill rakers 5+8, short rudiments. 212 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Scales in lateral line 13 to 15+5 or 6+2 or 3; 2 scales above lateral line, 6 below, 7 to 10 predorsal; single large scale covers hind portion of cheek. Scales with 6 to 8 basal radiating striae, apical 21 to 29; circuli very fine. D. IX, 9, 1 or 10, 1, eighth spine 24% to 2% in head, first ray 214 to 3144; A. III, 8, 1, third spine 24% to 24%, first ray 226 to 214; caudal 13% to 124, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 24% to 3; pectoral 134 to 2; ventral 275 to 2%. Brown generally. Pale band transversely across front of caudal peduncle. Pale vertical band close behind eye, extending above and below. Iris brown, with yellowish ring around pupil. Vertical fins all pale brownish, with black ocellus at last dorsal spines, on front of soft anal and at caudal subterminally and medianly. Sometimes caudal blotch broken or absent. Ventral largely black, basally broadly whitish and marginally narrowly whitish, within and depress against dusky or blackish brown blotch in abdomen size of their own extent. Type.—Cat. No. 89968, U.S.N.M. Known only from the Philippines and the 4 examples below. [1678.] Atulayan Island. June 18, 1909. Length, 39 mm. No transverse white lines on body. Only rather obscure transverse broad pale band at front of caudal peduncle. No white line on side of snout. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 56 mm. Type. 2 saree Mabul Island. September 29, 1909. Length, 45 to 47 mm. 17609. Port Langean, Palawan. April 8, 1919. Length, 40 mm. 1 example, Rapurapu Island. June 24, 1909. Length, 49 mm. Paratype. Pale band behind head extends across occiput and bounded by brown line in front and behind its entire extent. 13704. Cape Kait, Libani Bay. Celebes. December 29,1909. Length, 48 mm. Paratype. (Named for the Philippines.) Genus EPIBULUS Cuvier Epibulus Cuvirr, Régne Animal, vol. 2, 1817, p. 264. Type Sparus insidia- tor Pallas, monotypic. Body oblong, compressed. Mouth exceedingly protractile and lower jaw greatly produced backward; ascending branches of pre- maxillaries, mandibles and tympanic greatly prolonged. Teeth uni- serial; front canines +; no hind canines. Preopercle entire. Lateral line interrupted. Scales very large, but 2 rows cover cheek. Dorsal spines 9, pungent, rays 10 or 11. Anal spines 3, rays 8 or 9. A single species in the Indo-Pacific, remarkable among all fishes for the exceptionally protractile mouth. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 213 EPIBULUS INSIDIATOR (Pallas) Sparus insidiator Pauuas, Spicil. Zool., vol. 8, 1770, p. 41, pl. 5, fig. 1. Java. Epibulus insidiator VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 14, 1839, p. (x11) 110, pls. 398 and 399 (Java, Mauritius, Moluccas).—GtnrueEr, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 185 (Amboina and China).—BLerxeEr, Atlas Ich. Ind. Néerl., vol. i, 1862, p. 74, pl. 22, fig. 3 (Java, Duizend Islands, Cocos, Singapore, Sumatra, Nias, Celebes, Batjan).—Kwnerr, Reise Novara, Fische., vol. 2, 1865, p. 252 (Singapore).—GtnrTuer, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 91 (Zanzibar) —Prrrrs, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876, p. 443 (Mauritius) —Gitnruer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 7 (15), 1881, p. 250, pl. 187 (East Africa to South Sea).—K. Front part of trunk rosy-violet, covered with green spots ocellated with blue; hind part of trunk clear green, without ocelli. chloropterus. c!. Body without ocelli or longitudinal bands. e’. No white blotches along median axis of tail. f?. Dorsal with oblique orange bands; large dark blotch on flanks; back and’ tail iwith minute black dots: = _— 2h2 22004 ws gymnocephalus. f*. Dorsal and anal with oblique black streaks; head and tail rosy-orange; middle of trunk violet, with oblong black spots___-_--_- podostigma. e*. Four white spots along median axis of tail_--____---_-_-- leucostigma. HALICHOERES CENTRIQUADRUS (Lacépéde) Labrus centriquadrus (CommMERsSON) Lac&pmpeE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802 pp. 437, 498. Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion. Hemitautoga centriquadrus BLEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 139, pl. 32, fig. 3 (Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes, Sangi, Flores, Timor, Letti, Amboina, Goram).—BLEEKER, Ned. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 4, 1874, p. 117 (China). Platyglossus (Hemitautoga) centriquadrus BLEEKER, Verh. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 18, No. 3, 1879, p. 1 (Mauritius). Halichoeres centriquadrus JoRDAN and SEALE, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 25, 1905 (1906), p. 300, pl. 46, fig. 3 (Pago Pago and Apia).—JorpaN and RicHarp- son, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 27, 1907 (1908), p. 266 (Cagayancillo). Labrus hortulanus LackrkpE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 3, 1802, pp. 449, 518, pl. 29, fig.2. Great Equatorial Ocean (Indo-Pacific). Julis hortulanus VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 430 (Mauritius).—GuicHEenot, Notes I. Reunion, vol. 2, 1862, p. 28. Platyglossus hortulanus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 147 (Red Sea, Mauritius, Ceylon, Moluccas, Amboina, Celebes, East Indies, Aneiteum); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 94 (Zanzibar).—K.un- ZINGER, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 546 (Koseir, Red Sea).—GtnTHeR, Cruise of Curacoa, Brenchley, 1873, p. 411 (Misol, Moluccas).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 399, pl. 85, fig. 3 (Anda- mans).—Meryer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 37 (North Celebes)—Day, Faun. British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 406, fig. 139.— Picaeiia, Atti Soc. Nat. Modena, ser. 2, vol. 12, 1893, p. 33 (Aden).— STEINDACHNER, Abhafidl. Senckenberg. Ges., vol. 25, 1900, p. 442 (Ternate).—Gintuer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8, 1909, p. 263 (East Africa, Society Islands, Samoa, Aneiteum, Shortland, Mortlock, Ponape, Guam, Rotuma).—Wesxmr, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 375 (Karakelang Island, Beo, Salibabu, Banda). Sparus decussatus BENNETT, Fishes of Ceylon, 1834, pl. 14. Ceylon. Halichoeres eximius RipppEyyt, Neue Wirbelth., Fische, 1835, p. 16, pl. 5, fig. 1. South half of Red Sea. 254 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Depth 234 to 246; head 244, width 2% to 214. Snout 2% to 2%; eye 7, 2% to 2% in snout, 134 to 1% in interorbital; maxillary reaches 34 to eye, 3% to 3% in head; interorbital 424 to 414, convex. Gill rakers 134-13, lanceolate, short, robust. Scales in lateral line 20, 5+2; 4 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 10 predorsal. Scales with 26 to 33 basal parallel striae and 2 to 5 marginals; imperfect parallel apical striae 26 to 35; circuli very fine. D. IX, 10,1 or 11,1, ninth spine 31% to 5% in head, tenth ray 224 to 234; A. III, 11,1, third spine 5 to 514, tenth ray 23% to 3; caudal 144 to 126, truncate, hind edge slightly convex; least depth of caudal peduncle 174; pectoral 1144 to 13%; ventral 12% to 1%. Brown generally, pale to whitish below. Pale or whitish spot below front dorsal spines on edge of back and another at front of soft dorsal. Each scale on back with vertical neutral slaty bar. Predorsal with round whitish spot on each scale. On side of head 5 oblique grayish or whitish bands. Fins all pale brownish, with round gray spots on soft dorsal and pale longitudinal submarginal -band. Caudal with about 6 neutral dusky transverse lines. Paired fins pale brown, small dusky spot at caudal base above. Red Sea, East Africa, Mauritius, India, East Indies, Samoa. The largest species of the genus and handsomely colored. 7688. Agojo Point, Catanduanes Island. June 10, 1909. Length, 186 mm. 6522. Alibijaban Island, Ragay Gulf, Luzon. March 6, 1909. Length, 220 mm. 12000. Cabugan Island, Hinunangan Bay, Leyte. July 30, 1909. Length, 225 mm. 10834. Dalaganem Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 132 mm. 7185. Ganda Island. September 20, 1909. Length, 183 mm. 11669. Jolo market. February 11, 1908. Length, 173 mm. 53271. Jolo reefs. March 6, 1908. Length, 255 mm. 13345. Langao Point, Luzon. June 24, 1909. Length, 148 mm. 11356. Maagnas, Lagonoy Gulf, Luzon. June 17, 1909. Length, 223 mm. 9335. Matnog Bay. May 31,1909. Length, 137 mm. 10812. Murcielagos Bay, Mindanao. August 20, 1909. Length, 203 mm. 12460. Pagapas Bay, Luzon. February 20,1909. Length, 197 mm. 6185. Palag Bay vicinity, Luzon. June 16, 1909. Length, 200 mm. 12870 and 13110. Paron Point, Albay Gulf, Luzon. June 21, 1909. Length, 179 to 198 mm. 1 example, Pilas Island. September 12, 1909. Length, 148 mm. 17621. Port Langean, Palawan Island. April 8, 1909. Length, 212 mm. [1504.] Head olive green above and on opercles, bright green on cheek, very pale lemon below: Stripes dull salmon red, washed with blue above and on opercle and become pale salmon below. Pectoral axil pale sulphur, blotch of geranium on inner base of fin and line of same above, showing through hyaline fin. Pale peach spots on scales below and behind pectoral base. Back and upper side dull olive, to white or gray below, scale bases violet black. Tip of caudal peduncle washed with yellow, seale bases becoming dusky orange. Body and spots of dorsal sulphur, reticulations and bars orange, limited in middle and bases of fins by dark lines; spinous tips blackish, also first spine, lines, bars, and reticulations dark basally. Caudal bright yellow, and irregularly mixed orange and brown. Anal very pale sulphur, bars pale gray, 2 straight on ter- minal half; series of arches above base. Ventral hyaline. Pectoral rays slightly darker. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 209 7655. San Roque, Leyte. July 29,1909. Length, 208 mm. 5780 and 5781, 9451, 16960. Simaluc Island. September 22, 1909. Length, 148 to 183 mm. 20527. Sipadan Island. September 28, 1909. Length, 96 mm. 1 example, Sitanki reef. September 24, 1909. Length, 75 mm. A. 552. Sulade Island. September 17, 1909. Length, 233 mm. 9375. Taganak Island. January 7, 1909. Length, 142 mm. [1052.] 4660, 4661, and 18601. Tambul Sigambul, Tonquil Island. September 14, 1909. Length, 154 to 233 mm. 7153 and 7154. Teomabal Island. September 18,1909. Length, 213 to 250 mm. 9436. Tulayan Island. September 15,1909. Length, 175 mm. 7687. Ulugan Bay, Palawan Island. December 29, 1908. Length, 145 mm. 13455 to 13458. Limbe Strait, Celebes. November 9, 1909. Length, 180 to 224 mm, 13636. Una Una Road, Binang Unang Island, Celebes. November 18, 1909. Length, 89 mm. 21301. Tidore Island, south of Ternate. November 24, 1909. Length, 133 mm. 52229 U.S.N.M. Apia. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 73 to 175 mm. 4 examples. HALICHOERES SCAPULARIS (Bennett) Julis scapularis BENNETT, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 1, 1831, p. 167. Mauritius. Platyglossus scapularis GUnruER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 146 (type, Mozambique, Ceram, Amboina); Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 94 (Zanzibar).—Kuunzincer, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 545 (Koseir, Red Sea).—Gitntuer, Cruise Curacoa, Brenchley, 1873, p. 411 (Misol, Moluccas).—Prters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876, p. 443 (Mauritius) —Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 400, pl. 85, fig. 4 (Andamans).—Meyer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 36 (Cebu, North Celebes, Sangi).—Day, Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 408.—E.erA, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 554 (Cebu).— Bors1Ert, Ann. Mus. Civico Genova, ser. 3, vol. 1, 1904, p. 215 (Massaua, Daalac Archipelago, Nocra, Dissei, Red Sea).—Ruean, Ann. Natal Mus., vol. 1, 1908, p. 246 (Kosi Bay).—-Gintumr, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8 (16), 1909, p. 263 (Indian Ocean, Red Sea, East Indies, Micronesia).—Brav- ForT, Bijd. Dierk. Amsterdam, vol. 16, 1913, p. 131 (Saonek and Ambon).— WEBER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 8372 (Menado, Siau, Saleyer). Choerojulis scapularis Martens, Preuss. Exp. Ost Asien, 1876, p. 397 (Amboina). Halichoeres scapularis JonDAN and Suauz, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, 1906 (1907), p. 29 (Panay and Manila)—Evnrmann and Srate, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, 1906 (1907), p. 94 (Bacon). Julis ceylonicus. BENNETT, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc., vol. 2, 1832, p. 183. Ceylon. Platyglossus ceylonicus Gtinrumr, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 158 (copied). Halichéres caeruleo-vittatus Ritprnui, Neue Wirbelth. Fish., 1835, p. 14, pl. 4, fig. 1. Djedda market. Julis caeruleovittatus VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 18, 1839, p. 466 (copied). Guntheria coeruleovittata Burexer, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 137, pl. 32, fig. 2 (Java, Bawean, Singapore, Sumatra, Nias, Batu, Celebes, Sangi, Buru, Amboina, Goram, Timor, Flores, Solor). 256 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Julis leschenaulti VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 453, Mauritius—GuvicuEenort, Notes I. Reunion, vol. 2, 1862, p. 28. Julis elegans (Kuni and Van Hassett) VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 467. Java. Julis (Halichoeres) phaiotaenia BureKEer, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 8, 1855, p. 322. Batu Archipelago. Julis cruentatus (VAN HasseLT) BLenxer, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 136 (name in synonymy). Platyglossus alternans Cartier, Verh. Phys. Med. Ges. Wiirzburg, vol. 5, 1874, p. 104. Cebu and Panglao.—E era, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 553 (Cebu, Panglao). Platyglossus (Gtintheria) pagenstacheri KossMANN and Rk&vusBeEr, Zool. Ergebn. K. Acad. Wiss, Berlin, vol. 1, 1877, p. 25, pl. 1, fig. 5. Red Sea. Pseudojulis ziczac Dr Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, 1884, p. 882. Murray Island, Queensland. Halichoeres cymatogrammus JORDAN and SEALE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 28, 1905, p. 786, fig. 8. Negros, Philippines. Depth 31% to 3%; head 3 to 3%, width 25 to 2%. Snout 2% to 2%; eye 434 to 6, 134 to 2% in snout, 1 to 1% in interorbital; maxillary reaches 24 to 34 to eye, 3% to 4 in head; interorbital 4 to 5, convex. Gill rakers 8 + 12, lanceolate, short. Scales in lateral line 20 or 21, 5+1; 3 or 4 scales above lateral line; 9 below, 6 to 8 predorsal. Scales with 39 to 44 basal radiating striae, apical 17 to 29; circuli very fine. D. IX, 11, 1, ninth spine 344 to 3% in head, first ray 214 to 234; A. III, 11, 1, third spine 434 to 624, first ray 34% to 3%; caudal 1%% to 13¢, little convex behind, more so as expanded; least depth of caudal peduncle 21% to 214; pectoral 14% to 134; ventral 114 to 124. Pale olive brown above, becoming whitish below. Each scale on back and sides above with pale blue median crescentic blotch, variable and in some smaller examples so extensive as to form a well developed longitudinal dark band, when most of other markings fade out. On head broad, cuneate, pale blue blotch on snout, another below eye and variable pale blue blotch, blotches or band behind eye; also variably several pale blue spots or bars on opercle. Iris pale yellowish. Dorsal pale brown, with median longitudinal buff band and soft fin with marginal buff band. Anals transparent with white longitudinal subbasal band and submedian outer line of gray. Caudal pale brown, with about 5 variable, waved vertical whitish lines. Paired fins uniformly pale, with slight inconspicuous pale or whitish spot at pectoral axil. Red Sea, Zanzibar, Natal, Mauritius, India, East Indies, Queens- land, Melanesia, Samoa. Possibly Pseudojulis murrayensis De Vis,” incompletely described, may be the present species. It is said to have the anal with 4 small bright black spots on each web. Dorsals with fainter spots, more or less confluent on the spinous portion into oblique bands. 20 Proce. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, 1884, p. 882. Murray Island. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS Zot 1 example, Batan Island, tide pools. July 238, 1909. Length, 54 mm. 15577. Bugsuk Island, Balabac. January 5, 1909. Length, 86 mm. 12092. Capunuypugan Point, Mindanao. March 10, 1908. Length, 137 mm- 7667, 12667, 12668. Cebu market. April 4, 1908. Length, 153 to 176 mm. 5098 and 5104. Cebu market. April 5, 1908. Length, 45 to 73 mm. 6101, 6102, 7578. Cebu market. April 6, 1908. Length, 132 to 168 mm. 7832 and 7840. Cebu market. April 7, 1908. Length, 103 to 145 mm. 21760. Cebu market. March 20, 1909. Length, 144 mm. [1402.] Green above, paler below; head with vinaceous markings; centers of scales of middle of sides and above darker; lower head yellow, breast and belly paler. Dorsal with broad orange or scarlet stripe along base, this taking form of arches across membranes posteriorly, an inframarginal narrower stripe of same color, extreme tips of soft rays whitish. Caudal yellow, crossed in its basal region by several irregular bars of scarlet or orange. Anal pale, tips more or less hyaline, inframarginal reddish bar and brighter red bar along base. Paired fins pale pinkish. 18680, 18681. Cebu market. March 24,1909. Length,165to167mm. {[1469.] Bright green, back yellow along dorsal; bright red area on preorbital, another on cheek, and several behind eye on opercle; reds continue backward on scale edges along region of lateral line and obliquely downward behind pectoral base. Dorsal yellow, broad basal geranium bar, another marginal on spinous fin and submarginal on soft fin, also both bars bordered by pale blue. Anal similar, but less distinct. Caudal yellow, with 2 or 3 geranium bars at base. Paired fins plain. 6100. Cebu market. August 12, 1909. Length, 118 mm. 14183 and 14184. Cebu market. September 2, 1909. Length, 95 to 111 mm, 22496 and 22828. Danawan and Si Amil Island. September 27,1909. Length, 53 to 104 mm. 4 examples. 13 examples, Gubat Bay, Port Gubat, Luzon, June 28, 1909. Length, 80 to 121 mm. {1691]. Pale green; blackish lateral stripe from eye to upper portion of pe- duncle, occupying full row of and two half rows of scales; top and side of head with reddish stripes, broad bronzy one on preorbital; pink area under eye on upper cheek; pink line across opercle to base of pectoral, behind which runs downward nearly to middle of ventral. Dorsal color of back, two narrow red bars, 1 marginal of spinous fin and submarginal of soft fin, tips of soft portion hyaline. Caudal yellowish, with about four reddish bars. Anal similar to dorsal, but paler. Ventrals hyaline. Pectoral rays dusky, membranes hyaline. 15467. Galera Bay, Mindoro. June 9, 1908. Length, 61 to 110 mm. 4 ex- amples. 13066. Gomomo Island. December 3, 1909. Length 123 mm. 8 examples, Great Tobea Island. December 15, 1909. Length, 32 to 92 mm. 19283. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 9, 1909. Length, 108 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. May 26, 1908. Length, 61 mm. 8972. Murcielagos Bay, Mindanao. August 20, 1909. Length, 156 mm. 10001. Murcielagos Bay. August 21. 1909. Length, 152 mm. 1 example, Pandanon Island. May 14, 1909. Length, 64 mm. 15940. Pangasinan Island. February 13, 1909. Length, 143 mm. 13150. Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 146 mm. [336.] Middle of back greenish yellow; on nape and anterior region olive green; along either side of lateral line for about 144 rows of scales each scale blotched with pale reddish purple, these fusing into small geranium pink blotches on peduncular region where a second axial row of two scales below; on shoulder an irregular blotch of orange and green; below sides and lower region silvery, _ base of each scale with pale narrow green bar; top of head bright emerald 258 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM green; preorbital marked with subtriangular chrome blotch, bordered with blue; cheek with chrome and pink blotch passing upward behind eye, cover- ing postorbital and upper part of opercle; this defined indefinitely by narrow blue line; top of head and nape with round dots and blotches of pinkish; opercle indistinctly blotched with lavender red; broken series of stripes pass- ing from gill opening downward around base of pectoral and ventral. Dorsal: proximal half pale geranium pink, bordered above and below by bluish shades, above pale yellow band; tips of spinous portion pink, the color continued as submarginal band on soft portion, with tips hyaline. Caudal tipped with lemon yellow about breadth of eye, remainder of fin with geranium red bars, interspaces lilac with yellowish wash. Anal base geranium pink, bordered below very narrowly by blue; above with broad blue band occupying middle portion of fin; terminal third hyaline, with pink internally. Ventral hyaline, produced tip whitish. Pectoral hyaline. Iris orange red. 2 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 15, 1908. Length, 51 to 62 mm. 4 examples, Simaluc, Bisibisi Island. September 23,1909. Length, 26 to 58 mm. 22508. Tataan, Simaluc Island, Tawi Tawi. February 20, 1908. 4 examples. Length 60 to 83 mm. [240.] Back and top of head light grayish green, sides and below bluish white; broad and very distinct zig-zag lateral stripe wide as eye from gill slit to caudal base (upper); continued forward as black bar on opercle and dark bar on snout; broad band from snout through eye to gill slit greenish, yellow on snout, lemon yellow on opercle. Iris yellow, con- tinued backward and involving the black lateral band in an obscure yellow green. Dorsal pale greenish yellow. Caudal pink, pale yellow at base, the margin hyaline. Ventrals and pectorals colorless. 14296. Teomabal Island. September 18, 1909. Length, 122 mm. 2 examples, Tobea Island. December 15, 1909. Length, 58 mm. 13151. Tumindao Island. February 26, 1908. Length, 110 mm. 2 examples, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1099. Length, 21 to 41 mm. 1 example, Gane Road, Gillolo Island. December 1, 1909. Length, 118 mm. 56000 U.S.N.M. Bacon. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 132 mm. 1 example. HALICHOERES TRIMACULATUS (Quoy and Gaimard) Julis trimaculata Quoy and GatMarp, Voy. Astrolabe, Zool., vol. 3, 1834, p. 705, pl. 20, fig. 2. Vanikolo. Giintheria trimaculata BuEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 138, pl. 32, fig. 1 (Cocos, Celebes, Sangi, Flores, Buru, Amboina, Haruko, Banda, Goram, Letti). Platyglossus trimaculatus GUNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 153 (East Indies); Cruise Curacoa, Brenchley, 1873, p. 410 (Solomons) .— IsHikawa and Marsuura, Prelim. Cat. Fish. Mus. Tokyo, 1897, p. 29 (Japan).—Gtnruer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol., 8 (16), 1909. p. 266 (Samoa, Fiji, Solomons, Ellice Islands, Vanicolo, Pelew Islands, East Indies) —WrBeER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 372 (Lombok, Salibabu, Saleyer, Binongka, Timor, Rotti). Choerojulis trimaculata Martens, Preuss. Exp. Ost Asien, 1876, m 397 (Amboina). Halichoeres trimaculata JornpaNn and Ricwarpson, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 27, 1907 (1908), p. 266 (Cagayancillo). Julis (Halichoeres) spilurus BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 2, 1851, p. 252. Neira, Banda. Depth 314 to 37%; head 234 to 31%, width 214 to 214. Snout 3 to 314; eye 31% to 5, 1% to 134 in snout, equals or little greater than FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 259 interorbital; maxillary extends 24 to eye, 334 to 4% in head; inter- orbital 4144 to 524, broadly convex. Gill rakers 6+13, lanceolate, slender. Seales in lateral line 21, 4 or 5+2; 3 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 7 or 8 predorsal. Scales with 25 to 28 basal radiating striae, apical 17 to 20; circuli very fine. D.IX, 11,1, ninth spine 24% to 34% in head, first ray 2144 to 234; A. IT, 11, 1, second spine 32¢ to 4%, first ray 34% to 324; caudal 1l¢ to 12%, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 214 to 214; pectoral 11% to 1%; ventral 134 to 1%. Body drab gray, pale below, each scale with subterminal deep drab gray vertical streak, bordered behind with gray white line. Predorsal and humeral region with pearl gray blotches, on head as pearl gray band from near snout tip along lower eye edge to front of opercle, sometimes separated as blotch on latter; also 2 or 3 more on opercle. Gray blue line from front of snout above to upper front eye edge. White branch obliquely down from pectoral axil to front of postventral. Dusky blotch at fifth or sixth scale of lateral line and another little larger at upper side of caudal peduncle above lateral line. Fins all very dilute brownish. Dorsals with 2 longitudinal white lines on spinous fin and 3 on rayed portion, basal more or less reticu- late with median. Anals with white subbasal longitudinal line and median gray longitudinal band. Paired fins and caudal uniform. Some examples with small dusky spot also at upper median caudal _ rays basally. East Indies, Micronesia, Fiji, Samoa. 20100 and 20101. Cagayan, Sulu Island. January 8, 1909. Length, 88 to 93 mm. [1067.] Pale dusky green; yellowish shades on side of head and body anteriorly; stripes and spots of head bright reddish orange, becoming slightly tawny on preorbital; small black spot less than eye on anterior portion of lateral line; another on upper part of peduncle larger than eye fading to bronzy; throat with orange line extending on breast, latter with yellowish wash; Jower side above anal whitish. Dorsal body color, soft tips hyaline; narrow orange or geranium bar crossing tips of spines carried as inframarginal bar on soft portion, another bar near base of fin and one through central por- tion, last two fusing on second spine. Caudal pale, more or less orange at base. Distal third of anal hyaline pink; bar of geranium red at base, middle pale yellowish green color of dorsal; basal bar similar to dorsal bars in colora- tion but somewhat brighter; bases of scales on posterior portion of body ocher on pink bar. 1 example, Great Tobea Island. December 15,1909. Length, 54 mm. 2 examples, Basa Reef, Gulf of Boni, Celebes. December 17, 1909. Length, 21 to 41 mm. 52226 U.S.N.M. Apia, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 90 to 104 mm. 9 examples. 56984 U.S.N.M. Apia. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 54 to 101 mm. 7 examples. 260 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 65862 U.S.N.M. Makemo, Paumotu. Albatross collection. Length, 71 or 72mm. 2 examples. 71560 U.S.N.M. Nafa, Okinawa. Albatross collection. Length, 82 to 150 mm. 8 examples. 31187 to 31191 A.N.S.P. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 38 to 72 mm. 31296 to 31302 A.N.S.P. Apia. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 33 to 71 mm. HALICHOERES LEUCURUS (Walbaum) Labrus leucurus WauBawum, Artedi Pisc., vol. 3, 1792, p. 249 (on Gronow, Mus. Ichth., vol. 2, 1754-1756, p. 28, No. 183; Zoophylac., 1763, No. 240). Labrus purpurescens ScunerpEer, Syst. Ichth. Bloch, 1801, p. 262. No locality (on Sepa, Thesaur., vol. 3, 1758, p. 95, pl. 31, fig. 6). Platyglossus purpurescens BuneKurR, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 108, pl. 45, fig. 1 (Java, Bawean, Banka, Celebes, Amboina).—GtNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 158 (East Indies). Platyglossus purpurascens Mnyrer, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 36 (Mysore).—WepBeEr, Zool. Forsch. Austral. Ritter Semon, vol. 5, 1895, p. 272 (Amboina). Halichoeres purpurescens EVERMANN and SEALE, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, 1906 (1907), p. 94 (Bacon). Julis (Halichoeres) temminckii BuurKer, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 4, 1853, p. 491. Batavia. Julis (Halichoeres) kallopisos BuurKerR, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 5, 1853, p. 348. Amboina. Depth 314% to 326; head 3 to 314, width 236 to 224. Snout 21% to 3; eye 5% to 6, 124 to 14 in snout, 1 to 1) in interorbital; maxillary reaches 34 to 24 to eye, 324 to 44%in head; interorbital 414 to 5, convex. Gill rakers 6+ 11, lanceolate, short. Seales in lateral line 21, 5+1; 4 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 9 to 11 predorsal. Scales with 27 to 31 basal radiating striae, apical 28 to 36; circuli fine. D. IX, 12, 1, ninth spine 224 to 31% in head, first ray 214 to 244; A. III, 13, 1, third spine 424 to 41, first ray 224 to 314; caudal 114 to 114, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 17% to 2; pectoral 134; ventral 114 to 1%. Brown, each scale with basal spots of darker. Some obscure scattered deep bluish spots on predorsal. Upper surface of head with bluish spots; blue bar from front of maxillary to eye and 1 postocular across opercle, also 2 horizontal blue lines across cheek. Two or 3 short bluish bands on chest and breast anteriorly each side. Iris pale yellowish. Fins all pale. Dorsals and anals with oblique gray bars, most distinct basally; black blotch subbasal on first 2 dorsal membranes. Pectoral with broad neutral black triangular basal blotch at origin, base of fin white. East Indies. At present the dark caudal spots, as shown in Bleek- er’s figure, not evident. Also Bleeker does not show the black blotch at the front of the spinous dorsal. ri i ele FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 261 16037. Sulade Island. September 18, 1909. Length,118 mm. [1949.] Green above, paler below, side of head becoming yellow; bases of scales with somewhat reddish vertical bar; head with broad orange spots and stripes; scattered stripes on top of head between eyes, about half diameter of eye; broad stripe across preorbital, one in continuation of this behind eye, separated from orbit about distance of pupil; another from lower edge of eye toward point of opercle; tip of opercle orange; broad stripe from corner of mouth slightly curving down- ward to opposite lower edge of pectoral base; obscure stripe along lower edge of cheek. Dorsal pale greenish, with oblique vermilion bars extending down- ward and backward; black spot on base of first two membranes, above lemon yellow; tips of membranes scarlet. Caudal emerald, crossed by four pale red bars, tip of similar color, joined by cross lines with adjacent bar. Anal similar to soft dorsal, but paler. Ventrals very pale emerald hyaline, dash of red in second membrane. Pectorals hyaline black across base exteriorly. 14295. Teomabal Island. September 18, 1909. Length, 118 mm. 56177 U.S.N.M. Luzon. Philippine Commission. Length, 122 mm. HALICHOERES KALLOCHROMA (Bleeker) Julis (Halichoeres) kallochroma BuEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 4, 1858, p. 289. Priaman, Sumatra. Platyglossus kallochroma BuEEKkeR, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 108, pl. 42, fig. 4 (Sumatra and Nias)—Gwtnruer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 159 (East Indies). Platyglossus flos-corallis JornDAN and Seaue, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 25, 1905 (1906), p. 299, pl. 46, fig. 2. Pago Pago, Samoa.—GiunrtueEr, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8 (16), 1909, p. 269 (on above). Depth 3 to 3%; head 3 to 3%, width, 2% to 2%. Snout 2% to 3; eye 5 to 5%, 14 to 1% in snout, 14% to 14% in interorbital; maxillary reaches half way to eye, 44% to 5 in head; interorbital 4V6 to 434, vonvex. Gill rakers 6+ 12, short weak points. Scales in lateral line 22 or 23, 5+1; 4 scales above lateral line, 9 or 10 below, 9 or 10 predorsal. Scales with 30 to 46 basal radiating striae, apical 25 to 37; circuli very fine. D. IX, 12,1 or 13,1, ninth spine 3 to 3144 in head, first ray 23%; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 41% to 5, first ray 3% to 314; caudal 1% to 114, conyex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 2%; pectoral 1% to 124; ventral 1144 to 144. Body brown generally. Each row of scales on trunk with small round grayish basal spot, on side of abdomen variously larger. Head bluish, with 4 or 5 longitudinal brown lines, variable, 1 always from rictus toward pectoral origin. On side of chest and breast and below pectoral base several distinct longitudinal brown lines, some- times extending well back towards anal. Dorsals and anals: dark heliotrope purple, variously spotted and with short bars of deep brown; edges of fins broadly creamy. Caudal with broad cuneate blotch of dark heliotrope-purple, blotched, spotted or barred with deeper or brownish; margin of fin creamy, especially each corner. Paired fins pale “brownish. Pectoral with neutral black blotch at origin. Iris pale straw color. 262 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM East Indies, Samoa. We follow Giinther in placing Platyglossus flos-corallis Jordan and Seale as a synonym of the present species. 296, 297. Busin Harbor, BuriasIsland. March8,1909. Length, 110 to 117 mm. 8371. Busin Harbor. April 22, 1908. Length, 116 mm. 21626. Caracaran, Batan Island. June 8, 1909. Length, 118 mm. 9912. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8,1909. Length, 107 mm. 16160. Mantacao Island, west coast of Bohol. April 8,1908. Length, 109 mm. 10539. Polloc, Mindanao. May 22, 1908. Length, 100 mm. 14470. Port Palapag. June 2,1909. Length, 99 mm. 11898. San Miguel Harbor. April 21,1908. Length, 122 mm. 12682. San Miguel Island. June 4,1909. Length 123 mm. 20971. Santa Cruz Island, Marinduque. April 24,1908. Length, 109 mm. 51744: U.S.N.M. Apia, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 72mm. Type of Platyglossus flos-corallis. HALICHOERES MELANURUS (Bleeker) Julis (Halichoeres) melanurus BLEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 2, 1851, p. 251. Neira, Banda. Platyglossus melanurus BuneKer, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 109, pl. 46, fig. 1 (Bawean, Celebes, Sangi, Solor, Timor, Buru, Amboina, Banda, Goram).—GitnrTuHer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 148 (Amboina); Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8 (16), 1909, p. 265 (Ponape) .— WEBER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 375 (Elat). Depth 27% to 314; head 3% to 32, width 2% to 2%. Snout 27% to 8; eye 5 to 534, 124 to 17% in snout, 1 to 1 in interorbital; maxillary reaches 24 to eye, 344 to 4% in head; interorbital 4 to 424, convex. Gill rakers 4+8 short points. Scales in lateral line 22, 4 or 5+1 or 2; 4 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 9 or 10 predorsal. Scales with 27 or 28 basal radiating striae, apical 24 to 26; cireuli fine. D. IX, 12, 1, ninth spine 22% to 23¢ in head, first ray 1% to 2; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 324 to 3%, first ray 214 to 23; caudal 114% to 114, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 2 to 276; pectoral 114 to 124; ventral 314 to 344 in combined head and body. Brown generally, scarcely paler below. Along back 6 short vertical pale brown narrow streaks, not extending below median axis of body. On trunk 9 rather broad heliotrope purple longitudinal bands, lower extending on head, also few of uppermost and 1 extends forward below eye from pectoral base and thence to rictus. Iris pale yellowish. Vertical fins all whitish generally. Median brown band whole length of dorsals, though little below middle of soft dorsal, and blackish on first 1 or 2 membranes of spinous dorsal; both dorsals marginally with 2 whitish longitudinal narrow bands. Anal with heliotrope purple basal band and outer half of fin with 3 longitudinal brown lines. Caudal with median blackish blotch behind, with 2 or 3 invading grayish transverse bands. Paired fins grayish. Pectoral origin with small blackish spot. East Indies and Micronesia. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 263 13714. Alimango Bay, Burias Island. March 5, 1909. Length, 101 mm. 1 example, Cataingan Bay, Masbate. April 18,1908. Length, 85 mm. 8250 and 8251. Catbalogan, Samar. April 15,1908. Length, 115 mm. 1 example, Little Santa Cruz, Zamboanga. May 26,1908. Length, 105 mm. 15963. Masbate Reef. April 20,1908. Length, 82 mm. 20672. Port Banalacan, Marinduque. February 23, 1909. Length, 61 mm, [1166.] Scarlet stripes on head becoming more dusky on sides and posterior portion of body, wide as interspaces. Blue between red stripes on head and bright green line on blue from mouth corner under eye to opercle point. Blue between red stripes on body, more dusky posteriorly and light below. Isth- mus blue. Dorsal edge light blue, base green, then blue edged blue black; median stripe in front blue edged blue black; median stripe posteriorly green edged blue, then blue black. Black blue-edged ocellus on upper caudal base; fin margin blue green at tips, black above; brick-red and blue stripes on caudal with green streaks in centers of blue stripes near fin base., Anal with base and edge blue; central green stripe and light blue edges with blue black; narrow blue stripe, narrowly edged black between central green stripe and outer blue edge, interspaces brick red. Pectoral with small blue spot at upper corner of axil, base yellow, rest of fin hyaline. First ventral ray purple-blue, rest of fin green. 21630. Port Jamelo, Luzon. July 13, 1908. Length, 87 mm. 20767. Pujada Bay. May 15, 1908. Length, 86 mm. 20003. San Miguel Harbor, Ticao Harbor. April 21, 1908. Length, 74 mm. 21871. Seingaan Island. September 21, 1909. Length, 96 mm. 1 example, Surigao, Mindanao. May 8, 1908. Length, 97 mm. 12381. Tataan Island, Tawi Tawi Group. February 21,1908. Length, 80mm. 16272. Teomabal Island. September 18, 1909. Length, 90 mm. 10890. Tilig, Lubang. July 15, 1908. Length, 92 mm. 12708. Tumindao Island, reefs south lagoon. February 26, 1908. Length, 89° mm. [311]. Ground color showing mostly as stripes ranging from dull ver- milion and scarlet on head to dusky brick red posteriorly; anteriorly with many bright grass green stripes equal to interspaces in width; about 4 or 5 cross-bars of green, first two from base of dorsal to below lateral line, the next two to axial line; short bar at axil of dorsal; median line on forehead, greenish blue, reaching front of dorsal; snout blue continued backward above eyes and shading into green on back of head; chin pale blue, color continued backward as margin about the spatulate green stripe lying under eye and across middle of opercle; another stripe of green bordered by blue lies across preopercle and subopercle; median stripe of bright blue on throat, somewhat broken across breast. Dorsal bright green at base, followed by brick red bar bordered with darker, then yellowish green bordered by blue; on distal half two lighter red bars and two narrower blue ones, last margin; median green bar becomes bluish on anterior two membranes. Caudal marked at base by yellowish green, bordered narrowly blue; latter as median stripe and as half bars on base of each lobe, beyond median portion of fin black, reddish brown on side portions, entire fin tipped blue. Anal like dorsal. Ventral grass green, edged brown and blue. Pectoral dusky hyaline, axil and base bright cadmium and spot at upper corner of base. Iris bluish green, inner margin of red. HALICHOERES RICHMONDI, new species Depth 2;% to 324; head 314 to 326, width 224. Snout 23¢ to 234; eye 614 to 6%, 21% to 234 in snout, 114 to 124 in interorbital; maxillary reaches 24 to eye, 334 to 4 in head; teeth uniserial, rather 264 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM slender, 2 canines in front of each jaw and posterior canine each side above directed forward; interorbital 4 to 444, convex. Gill rakers 3+12, short, robust poimts. Seales in lateral line 22, 5 or 6+1; 4 scales above lateral line, 9 or 10 below; 12 to 14 predorsal. Scales with 43 to 48 basa! radiating striae, apical 34 or 35; circuli fine. D. IX, 12, 1, ninth spine 324 to 34% in head, first ray 2% to 31%; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 5 to 5%, first ray 31% to 3144; caudal 114 to 1%, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 17% to 2; pectoral 134 to 144, rays m1, 12; ventral 114 to 114, rays I, 15. Body brown generally. Each row of scales on trunk with narrow deeper brown median line, including in its course blue basal spot to scale, but ‘little wider than width of band; these bands all extend as more or less narrow bands on head longitudinally. On head and breast ground color deep neutral slaty. Postocular pale brown band from hind eye edge back to suprascapula and cuneated brownish white blotch above pectoral axil. Dorsals and anals slaty, with narrow creamy margins; each fin with 3 or 4 longitudinal dusky lines, variously broken, waved, as spots. Caudal slaty with parallel narrow horizontal bluish lines, variously broken or as spots; margin broadly creamy. Paired fins creamy basally, terminally grayish and first branched ray grayish. Known only from the examples listed below. They differ from Halichoeres marginatus in color-pattern, the pectoral base pale, also 2 large pale blotches on the opercle and caudal base spotted with bluish, without pale area and blue lines on head continuous with those on the predorsal and breast. Type.—Cat. No. 89971, U.S.N.M. 6358. Inamucan Bay, Mindanao. August 8, 1909. Length, 158mm. Type. 8832. Mahinog, Camiguin Island. August 3,1909. Length, 152mm. Paratype. 16233. Cape Kait, Libani Bay, Celebes. December 29, 1909. Length, 143 mm. (For Dr. Charles W. Richmond, United States National Museum. ) HALICHOERES MELANOCHIR, new species Depth 244 to 2%; head 3 to 31%; width 24% to 24%. Snout 3 to 31; eye 43% to 5, 114 to 13% in snout, 1 to 11 in interorbital; maxil- lary reaches 3% to 34 to eye, 4 to 414 in head; interorbital 4% to 444, convex. Gill rakers 6+8, lanceolate, short, about half long as gill filaments. Scales in lateral line 22, 5+2; 5 scales above lateral line, 10 below, 10 predorsal. Scales with 19 to 25 basal radiating striae, apical 27 to 30; circuli fine. D. IX, 12, 1, ninth spine 3 to 3} in head, first ray 214 to 234; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 324 to 4%, first ray 214 to 244; caudal 114 to 11%, truncate, little convex behind as expanded; least depth of caudal peduncle 145 to 1°/.; pectoral 114 to 125; ventral 134 to 1%. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 265 Chocolate to vandyke brown, little paler below. Back with smal] blue black spot or dot at base of each scale, not extending on caudal peduncle and not much posterior of depressed pectoral in smaller examples. Side of head with 6 or 7 horizontal narrow blue lines, upper or those above eye more or less broken into dots or short bars. Iris deep brown. Lower surface of head but little paler than upper. Dorsals and anals very pale, former with 5 and latter with 4 longi- tudinal brown bands of which outer narrowest. At front of spinous dorsal second membrane with median round blackish blotch. Larg- est example also with small blackish spot, about size of pupil, at bases of uppermost caudal rays. Paired fins pale brownish, entire base of pectoral broadly blackish. Known from the following examples. It is distinguished by its black based pectorals and dark dotted back. Type.—Cat. No. 89972, U.S.N.M. 17525. Lampinigan Island. September 11, 1909. Length, 126mm. Type. 2373 (Dr. 1572). Length, 115 mm. Paratype. [1647.] Maculabo. June 14, 1909. Length, 110 mm. Paratype. Smoky purplish; on hind part of body fins with narrow orange bar showing rather obscurely; on upper and front part each scale with black speck in base, forming rows; side of head with narrow obscure reddish stripes, one across preorbital, 3 on cheek and opercle, another behind eye. Dorsal body color, submargin almost scarlet and four irregular undulating narrow scarlet bars across body of fin, reduced to three posteriorly, lower forms arches from base of one ray to that of next. Caudal rays olive yellow, membranes dull scarlet; shaded deeper at edges of fin. Anal similar to dorsal, the bars broader and less numerous, but two other than submarginal. Ventrals orange, fronts narrowly dark! Pectorals hyaline apple green, base very dark purple, almost black. Throat slightly bluish. (Médas, black: xep, hand; with reference to the blackish base of the pectoral fin.) HALICHOERES MARGINATUS Riippell Halichocres marginatus Ritprptyt, Neue Wirbelth., Fische, 1835, p. 16. Mohila, Massaua, Red Sea. Julis marginatus VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 490 (copied). Platyglossus marginatus BuEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 109, pl. 41, fig. 3 (Java, Sumatra, Batu, Amboina).—GwtnruHeEr, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 160 (Mauritius and Ceylon).—KuunzINnGER, Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, p. 545 (Koseir, Red Sea).— GtnTuHER, Cruise of Curacoa, Brenchley, 1873, p. 411 (Misol, Moluccas).— Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876, p. 443 (Mauritius).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 398, p. 84, figs. 5-6 (Malay Archipelago, Andamans).—Meryerr, An. Soc. Hist. Nat. Madrid, vol. 14, 1885, p. 36 (Mysore).—Day, Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 405.—BouLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1889, p. 240 (Muscat).—Jorpan and SrEatez, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 25, 1905 (1906), p. 299, pl. 46, fig. 1 (Apia) — Gunruer, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8 (16), 1909, p. 271, pl. 143, fig. C (Society Islands, Samoa). Julis annularis (Kuni and VAN Hasspitr) VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 482. Java. 32872—28——-18 266 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Depth 21% to 2144; head 314 to 34%, width 2 to 24%. Snout 2% 314; eye 5 to 526, 114 to 1% in snout, 114 to 126 in interorbital; maxillary reaches 34 to eye, 424 to 47% im head; interorbital 3 4¢ to 4, convex. Gill rakers 6+ 11, lanceolate, short. Scales in lateral line 21 to 23, 5+1; 5 or 6 scales above lateral line, 10 or 11 below, 9 or 10 predorsal. Scales with 33 to 47 basal radiating striae, 26 to 30 apical; circuli fine. D. IX, 14, 1, ninth spine 214 to 2% in head, first ray 14 to 17%; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 4 to 4%, first ray 21% to 214; caudal 1 to 144, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 14 to 1%; pectoral 114 to 114; ventral 1 to 1%. Deep brown generally, each scale with deep blue vertical line or bar and generally scale darker basally. Head with many slightly inclined deep lines or bands, variably broken or incomplete. Iris deep brown. Edges of vertical fins all buff, broader on caudal which also with basal brown crescent. Otherwise vertical fins deep neutral dusky, with numerous deep blue oblique bands on dorsals and anals and as vertical bands in dark region of caudal. Outer hind edges of caudal deeper brown than narrow submarginal line. Paired fins deep neutral brown, pectorals darker basally. Red Sea, Mauritius, Ceylon, East Indies, Polynesia. 16710. Butauanan Island. June 12, 1909. Length, 157 mm. [1644.] Dark green, scales with vertical bars of indigo and dull brick red. Head and front of body with indigo stripes breaking into spots behind over pectoral. Dorsal 4 edge olive yellow, sky blue and black; body of fin body color, with oblique bar of emerald and black or indigo lines at base; outer half with small round dots same color. Anal similar but bars brick and larger fusing on terminal half and encircling red dots of body color. Caudal olive yellow, sky blue, black at tip, body indigo and brick green blotch at base. Pectoral hyaline black, yellow spot at upper base. Ventral dull olive, black stripe in front. 8473. Santo Domingo de Basoo, Batan Island. November 7,1908. Length, 128 mm, 11244. Verde del Sur Island. April6, 1909. Length, 121 mm. 52209 U.S.N.M. Apia. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 128 mm. HALICHOERES VROLICKII (Bleeker) Julis (Halichoeres) vrolickit BueEKErR, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 8, 1855, p. 323. Batu Archipelago. Platyglossus vrolickii BLEEKER, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 110, pl. 42, fig. 2 (Bawean, Batu, Nias, Banka). Platyglossus vrolickiti GintuErR, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1862, p. 159 (East Indies). Platyglossus ubayensis Cartipr, Verh. Phys. Med. Ges. Wiirzburg, vol. 5, 1873, p. 104. Ubay, Bohol.—Etrra, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 553 (Ubay, Bohol). Depth 414%; head 4144; D. IX, 12; A. ITI, 12; scales in lateral line 28; caudal rounded; first ventral ray produced. Head yellow, with reddish violet bands edged darker; 1 from snout to eye, second curved from below eye to subopercle, 2 parallel behind FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 267 eye united by transverse spot, fourth on snout and forehead, fifth transversely on opercle membrane. Front part of back with 6 to 8 reddish violet longitudinal bands formed by confluent spots; hind part of back with 4 yellow cross bars edged with violet, scarcely extending below lateral line; each scale on sides with violet transverse spot. Dorsal with 3 rows of red blue edged ocelli and blue intramarginal line. Anal with 2 or 3 undulated red blue edged bands and with a blue intramarginal line. Caudal with similar ocelli as dorsal. Pec- toral with black spot superiorly at base. Black ocellus superiorly at caudal root. (Ginther.) East Indies. Known from the Philippines by Cartier’s description of his nominal Platyglossus ubayensis, which we place with the present species. He describes above median line each side of body with 3 silvery white, irregular, small spots, first under last dorsal spines, second under fifth dorsal ray and third below ninth dorsal ray. His example 80 mm. long. Bleeker gives the maximum size 102 mm. HALICHOERES NOTOPSIS (Valenciennes) Julis notopsis (KunL and Van HassELT) VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 13, 1839, p. 485. Guam. Platyglossus notopsis BurEker, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 111, pl. 41, figs. 1-2 (Java, Bawean, Sumatra, Batu, Biliton, Celebes).— Gtnruer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 154 (Java, Sumatra, Batu).—Day, Fishes of India, pt. 3, 1877, p. 398, pl. 84, fig. 4; Fauna British India, vol. 2, 1889, p. 404.—Jorpan and RicHarpson, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 27, 1907 (1908), p. 266 (Calayan).—Gintusr, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8 (16),.1909, p. 268, pl. 142, fig. A. (Society Islands).— Beavurort, Bijd. Dierk. Amsterdam, vol. 16, 19138, p. 130 (Saonek).— WEBER, Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 375 (Savu). Julis (Halichoeres) phaiopus BuneKer, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 4, 1853, p. 291. Cauer, Sumatra. Depth 3 to 3%; head 23% to 234, width 2% to 24%. Snout 3% to 314; eye 3%6 to 4, 1 in snout; maxillary reaches 34 to eye, 41% to 434 in head; interorbital 4 to 414, convex. Gill rakers 7+9, lanceolate, short. Scales in lateral line 22, 5+1; 5 scales above lateral line, 10 below, 10 predorsal. Scales with 19 or 20 basal radiating striae, apical 12. to 14; circuli fine, coarser apically. D. IX, 12, 1, ninth spine 234 to 24% in head, first ray 24% to 214; A. III, 12, 1, third spine 32% to 3%, first ray 224 to 224; caudal 1144 to 126, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 22¢ to 24%; pectoral 13% to 134; ventral 24% to 2%. Body chocolate generally. About 6 white longitudinal lines across head that usually become broken as spots. Black ocellus, larger than eye, at front of soft dorsal. Also black ocellus, smaller, at front of spinous dorsal. Dorsals and anals dark brown, spotted whitish. Caudal white. Pectoral pale grayish. Ventral dusky. Iris brown. & 268 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM East Indies, Guam, Society Islands. Our examples agree in most every way with Bleeker’s figure of the young. 1 example, Batan Island. July 22,1909. Length, 43 mm. 1 example, Caracaran Bay, Batan Island. June 8, 1909. Length, 95 mm. Body verdigris, alternated by reddish brown stripes not occupying any special relation to scale rows; median dorsal stripe green, then nine brownish stripes; brown on back broken by four saddles of bright green, first under last dorsal spine, second under fifth and sixth rays, third under ninth and tenth and fourth in axil; additional double spot on posterior portion of peduncle duplicated below; browns fuse posteriorly and become slaty, obliterating green largely except median lateral stripe which extends from caudal base to third saddle noted above, which scarcely equals eye diameter; continuation of green turns blue on head; browns become brighter; in stripe through pectoral base scarlet on opercle, becoming duller again across cheek; tip of opercle dusky vermilion; opercle otherwise lemon yellow. Dorsal blue at tip, green at base; red brown bar equal to pupil in diameter passes through basal half, limited each side by narrow blue line; central bar of equal width of yellowish green or emerald; submarginal bar of three distinct parts, outer two red brown, central blue; browns in all bars darker along edges; extreme caudal tip whitish blue, body of fin pale blue crossed by two oblique bars through lobes and two stripes through center of fin; fuse into a large black blotch on central submargin. Anal similar to dorsal. Ventrals green, dusky line through extended rays. Pectorals dusky hyaline, base and broad axillary blotch of bright yellow; small black blotch in upper edge of base. 3 examples, Sablayan, Mindoro. December 13, 1909. Length, 36 to 44 mm. 52221 U.S.N.M. Apia, Samoa. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 28 to 101 mm. 7 examples. 71694 U.S.N.M. Nafa, Okinawa. Albatross collection. Length, 14 to 66 mm. 18 examples. 31192 to 31195 A.N.S.P. Apia. Bureau of Fisheries. Length, 30 to 63 mm. 51103 to 51105 A.N.S.P. Pago Pago. Capt. C. F. Silvester. HALICHOERES HOEVENII (Bleeker) Julis (Halichoeres) hoevenii BuEEKER, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Indie, vol. 2, 1851, p. 250. Neira, Banda. Platyglossus hoeveniti BureKxer, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Néerl., vol. 1, 1862, p. 111, pl. 42, fig. 3 (Java, Bawean, Sumatra, Nias, Banka, Solo, Ternate, Buru, Amboina, Haruko, Ceram, Goram, Banda).—Gitnrtuer, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 153 (East Indies); Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vol. 8 (16), 1909, p. 268 (East Indies, Pelew Islands, Samoa, Mortlock).—WeBErR, Abhandl. Sencken- . berg. Nat. Ges., vol. 34 (1), 1911, p. 8 (Kei Island); Siboga Exp., vol. 57, Fische, 1913, p. 375 (Elat). Depth 34% to 334; head 24% to 344, width 214 to 234. Snout 3 to 334; eye 4 to 434, 1% to 1% in snout, 1 to 114 in interorbital; maxillary reaches 34 to eye, 4 to 5 in head; interorbital 334 to 5, convex. Gill rakers 5+7, lanceolate, short, flexible. Scales in lateral line 21 or 22, 5+2; 3 scales above lateral line, 9 below, 12 predorsal. Scales with 26 to 28 basal radiating striae, apical 21 to 28; circuli very fine. D. IX, 12, 1, ninth spine 224 to 23% in head, first ray 214; A. III, 11, 10r 12, 1, third spine 4 to 43%, first ray 224 to 31%; caudal 114 FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 269 to 1144, convex behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 2;4 to 2%; pectoral 13% to 124; ventral 124 to 134. Brown, with 9 pale longitudinal lines, slightly variable, though little narrower on top of head. On dorsals 3 or 4 longitudinal pale bands, narrow basally on fin. Anal with 2 or 3 longitudinal pale bands. Small black ocellus on first membrane of spinous dorsal, another larger at front of soft dorsal medianly and third at base of caudal above, all or any of which may be absent. Caudal dusky subterminally, otherwise pale or yellowish white, with traces of faint transverse narrow bands. Pectoral and ventral uniformly pale brown, former with or without small narrow blackish triangle at fin origin. Small purplish black bar close behind eye, size 24 eye- diameter. Kast Indies, Micronesia, Samoa. from Luzon, Cavite, and Santa Cruz. ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIDS I. Pspuposcarus. Preopercle flange below always scaleless. a’. Cheek with two rows of scales. b!. Lips narrow, usually cover basal half of teeth. c!. Caudal truncate or convex behind; canines small or absent. d', Head very gibbous or swollen above eyes; uniform chocolate; SIZONAT LESS Ot AONE T Ss AeA 8 aE Se ee ee oedema. d?, Head with upper profile little convex; uniform chocolate; size Srl SS se ERP IRR As aE A” A ee RE erythrodon. d’. Body more or less speckled or spotted with whitish___margaritus. % Cat. Fauna. Filip., vol. 1, 1895, p. 559. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS 383 c?. Caudal concave behind. el. Dorsals and anals usually with yellow or green longitudinal band medially; lips half cover teeth. f'. Yellow or green line from rictus to lower eye edge, sometimes short one above and before or one above and behind eye; canines weak, obsolete or absent__-__--------- sordidus. f?. Large yellow blotch on cheek, includes prepectoral region; canines usually well developed__..---_----------- quoyi. e?. Dorsals and anals without median longitudinal band, though sometimes brown one on dorsals; yellow or green band from rictus to lower eye edge and often two short ones back from hind eye edge; lips cover 14 to 34 of teeth______---- forsteri. 62, Lips cover teeth; canines small or absent; caudal convex or double convex; green or yellow median band longitudinally on dorsals; young with 5 dark blotches on back, with age trunk pale brown and two pale transverse bands at front of anal___------- mutabilis. a*, Cheek with 3 rows of scales. g:. Teeth exposed, lips narrow. hi, Upper front profile oblique and more or less straight; no green band on side of head, dorsals and anals with median green or yellow streak_______-~- microcheilos. h?, Upper front profile gibbous above eyes; green band across chin and then from rictus horizontally toward DCCLOTAL ONICHA Lore ee abe kos Se microrhinos. g?. Lips well cover teeth. i!, Upper front profile of head straight and oblique; head TILOBS Cle UTNAT OP TATS 2a Ae et IN ea a fh A harid. 7. Upper front profile convex; head and trunk above finely speckled or spotted with rosy or reddish__pulchellus. II. Catiyopon. Preopercle flange below with at least one scale, usually two to 4 [rarely preopercle flange entirely scaleless in Callyodon dubius]. a, Cheek with two rows of scales. b!. Upper profile of head very slightly convex. c}. Body without gray or gray-white spots. d'. Dorsals with longitudinal median or partly median band. e!, Dorsals with green or yellow longitudinal median band; lips cover teeth. fi. No canines; preorbital and band from hind eye edge toward pectoral base blackish, broadly edged yellow below; front half of body and head green, hind half red; anal with outer marginal Mali) Creer espe ye Ne TY ON LA dimidiatus. f?. Canines often present; variable greenish radiating lines or streaks from eye and pectoral with dark submarginal band ADO WOe so emia REE aN Lee lh ed al fasciatus. e?. Dorsals with a yellowish-white submarginal band; whole front of head yellowish green; anal green, with broad white median longitudinal band; each caudal lobe with white median longi- tudinal band; lips cover teeth....226222_..-...-.-..- kelloggi. d?. Basal half of dorsals green to dusky; canines developed. g'. Lips cover teeth; green, hind half of body usually paler; buff band from snout to eye, then back toward pectoral OT RSET EHO SPOT A CTL Ua oR ud SA ag | frenatus. g’. Lips half cover teeth; yellow band from snout to eye; cheek green; anal with median dark longitudinal band__janthochir. 384 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM d’. Dorsals without median longitudinal band, edges and bases some- times narrowly blue or green. h'. No pale band from eye to suprascapula. ii, Five dark bars or blotches on back; no canines; teeth wellexposed Mitt ssaubr Bie, Wa eu caudofasciatus. z?, No dark transverse bars or blotches on body. ji. Yellow line from snout tip to eye and another across lower lip to rictus, then to lower eye edge; some- times yellow interorbital line_____-_~-~ ~~ dussumieri. j*. Green or dusky band from snout tip to eyes, then back horizontally on head; lips cover teeth. kt. No eaniness: fins! uniformas]22822 202-222 oviceps. k?, Canines present; lower half of anal green or PV OLS WLLL NG CS NINE i Ne OE pectoralis. 73, No green or yellow line or band from snout tip or rictus to eye. 11, Pectoral origin without small dark spot. m'. No pale longitudinal lines on side of abdomen. m1, Body without dark vermiculations or mottling. o1. Body largely uniform brown or olive. p'. Pale band across each lip; preopercle Scalesi2 =) 422 1 seek ee lineolabiatus. p*. Dorsals and anals with narrow blue edges; preopercle scales 2—2_-___-_ balinensis. p*. Deep dusky green; preopercle scales 4— 4. viridibusius. o*. Middle of side of head and body blue. tricolor. o%, Cheek with large variable yellowish or greenish blotch and variable yellow spots, lines or blotches on lower surface of head; pectoral blue, with brown or red sub- marginal band above; canines strong. blochii. n?. Head above, trunk and tail with dusky ver- miculationss. 22049. oy. rubroviolaceus. n*, Head and caudal peduncle and caudal fin pale, only trunk and front of tail dark and with fine dark vermiculations. vermiculatus, m*, Side of abdomen with 3 pale or white longi- tudinal Jlines.2 2 ewe ae ok dubius. 12, Small black spot at pectoral origin; canines sel- dom: presenbrn. {2 Pac 4 AREER CNR O13 a : AY ‘ ‘ Q PS \ AK Ei am aie ay 5 <—s s ANA fe SH ore a < SY SY ‘i E. oom 4 A AY if fy fy Tf 4, WES SAREE CESS ELS LYALL, SOS kG EY < ah oe Ke NES Sy al Y Gs NES E28 en OS SO ES RAS SE) Se © oes CNS A ES Sige = SS So? Soy Sey SES LN ACER AY ory CHROMIS AZURELINEATUS FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 57 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM A? Oy Fy; Oz y 2 7 UY Lupe i Y WEED fe LAS VIX) 22 PAO AO Saas BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 6 CHROMIS BITAENIATUS FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 66 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM 2 Nga ee CaS BULLETIN 100, VOL.7 PL. 7 AW we ‘Ni, /) VS a / = 5 Hf . h V4 aece Hy re POMACENTRUS SMITHI| FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 75 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL.7 PL. 8 tre 23 Se ieee athe S) es weer: Se POMACENTRUS LEPIDOGENYS FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 98 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. Te Riesg SS Ss a Rod ae 3582 Wy)» a xT Py: He 2 EGY x ee ~ VN eR SSS Nee wy Oh Oe SEES VAY FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 99 POMACENTRUS REIDI FOWLER AND BEAN U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PE. 10 POMACENTRUS STIGMA FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 100 BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 11 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM 60| 39Vd 33aS 3Llv1d 4O NOILVNW1dxX3a HOH puv[sy, UoulesuLled INVIYVA ‘SSNNSIONS IVA YSDILSIYd SNYLNSAOVNOd NON, Qa CEA eae REESE ACSA \ = Sere GEO EEC COLO ATA SC Fe = Se) SS NA SSS UW LY) ll sn SN ® = Sree A A SN Su ARK ( Ee ALAIN) = Me SN F Beata es ay i (ol Ns sf ak AN (9 (57) [2] A BALSA A IB 4 A | | Bay 3 LENS arossyont Ae Us Ss A U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM —=————, SSS SS = ays = I =. i a re i. ADEE i ‘ee Wasa ster es Vous ¥ ax ae: ) ee i D RIVAL) BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 12 POMACENTRUS PRISTIGER VALENCIENNES. VARIANT Tataan Island 109 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 13 POMACENTRUS BEAUFORTI FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE I15 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM \ ' \ \\ AN AA \ \W\\\ \ BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 14 SESS SS =a, So (ce GC ABUDEFDUF THORACOTAENIATUS FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 158 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 15 1 SAY PARR ate Ld PLOY ANN RY TS OA ELAS Sa ABUDEFDUF BLEEKERI FOWLER AND BEAN. TYPE oY \ LEN , 4 C Ue Zop 2 Sa i wy a TST oor [SCC FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 165 Shy \ BO (i BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 16 CN SY ay REE hs) U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ATR hie Wy U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 17 (it i ify ? 4 é ) 32872—28 34 WETMORELLA PHILIPPINA FOWLER AND BEAN U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 18 224 LABROIDES BICOLOR FOWLER AND BEAN U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 19 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES CENTRIQUADRUS (LACEPEDE) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 253 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 20 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES CENTRIQUADRUS (LACEPEDE) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 253 BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 21 SS \ VARIATION OF HALICHOERES SCAPULARIS (BENNETT) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 255 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 22 VARIATION OF MACROPHARYNGODON GEOFFROY (QUOY AND GAIMARD) AND HALI- CHOERES SCAPULARIS (BENNETT) Upper two figures and upper median figure to left, Macropharyngodon, others Halichoeres FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 255, 299, AND 500 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL, 23 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES MELANURUS (BLEEKER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 262 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 24 C5! Ke SE We iy WOR AN org ied f}| ; \ is 9 [a ie Tasik % a ie HALICHOERES RICHMONDI FOWLER AND BEAN 263 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM se ee Sey ‘ i ———— sa Se a BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 25 —— SSSS=== ———————— HALICHOERES MELANOCHIR FOWLER AND BEAN U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM r Ly ss VARIATION OF HALICHOERES HOEVENII (BLEEKER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 268 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 27 ~~ VARIATION OF HALICHOERES NEBULOSUS (VALENCIENNES) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 273 BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 28 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ULI Ly 5% FN eS SNR os RES S (XS ANS e aes MY \\\ \\ CGE CV RIT oS) ESSEC aes SRA (Ee — SV tt a See YPC Co C (1) A AROS BES BEA So ey = a i = PATE SS IOC / as ( Sy BETTS = ee eS a peor y ty z Soa ct Fa tee: A eee, — O BE CR Se U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 29 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES DESMOGENYS FOWLER AND BEAN FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 276 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 30 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES PAPILLIONACEUS (VALENCIENNES) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 278 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL, 31 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES NIGRESCENS (SCHNEIDER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 280 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 32 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES BICOLOR (SCHNEIDER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 282 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 33 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES AMBOINENSIS (BLEEKER) AND H. MARGINATUS RUPPELL Upper four figures and lower median left figure Halichoeres amboinensis others Halichoeres marginatus FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 265, 288 AND 601 SO O17) male) QeeeeeD e 040624 7a) oy U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 34 HALICHOERES TENUISPINIS (GUNTHER) Palawan FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 288 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 35 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES TENUISPINIS (GUNTHER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 288 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL, 36 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES ARGUS (SCHNEIDER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 292 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 37 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES ARGUS (SCHNEIDER) AND H. LEPARENSIS (BLEEKER) Upper right and lower right figures Halichoeres argus; other Halichoeres leparensis FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 283, 292 AND 60I U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL.7 PL, 38 VARIATION OF HALICHOERES GYMNOCEPHALUS (SCHNEIDER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 296 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 39 a VARIATION OF HALICHOERES PODOSTIGMA (BLEEKER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 297 666 39Vd 33S 31V1d JO NOILWNV1dx3 HO4 AdAL ‘“NVAG GNV YAIMOS VWSILSOONAT SAYSOHOIIVH OY YY ON V SSsss SSS =S SS SSS BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 40 yy Ou 3 ys i: U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 41 VARIATION OF CORIS AND HALICHOERES Two upper figures and upper median left figure Coris batwensis (Bleeker); upper median right figure Halichoeres desmogenys, Fowler and Bean; lower median right and left figures Halichoeres leucurus (Walkbaum); two lower figures Halichoeres reichei (Bleeker) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 250 AND 302 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL.7 PL. 42 eae ae a M y cr 2 SSSA CS FRG CES O08 80 SSG oF ILS OS COLD So Biessses3 FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 309 CORIS PHILIPPINA FOWLER AND BEAN U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 43 VARIATION OF THALASSOMA HARDWICKE (BENNETT) The blue black blotches on this head are shown white, as they often fade gray or lighter than the ground color FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 317 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM \ } ty ati i afl i th i AIR | \\\| | \ “iI BARBY | thes) PR h \ ¥) NAVY SV MUU} i i \\} Ws i Teas 4 mt RS? , Tl : / foe N aye Bes vi BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 44 | | | | OS La” EOS We ar ee Dy, WS CHEILINUS ROSTRATUS CARTIER Powati Harbor, Makyon Island U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 45 CALLYODON MARGARITUS (CARTIER) FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 397 PL. 46 BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM 6bb GNVY 66E SADVd 3aS 3ALV1d JO NOILWNV1dxa HOY SNpipL08 WOPOA]IN sioYyIO OY} PUR IaUNSsNp UOpOhHD oIV SEINSY 1JoT OM] OYL (1HSY¥O4) SNGIGHOS O GNV (SANNGIONATIVA) IYSINNSSNG NOGOATIVD AO NOILVIEVA 19 30Vd 33S 3LV1d 40 NOILYNV1dxa 4O4 =a oS re SS Y | \\ ae SX < ‘SS GG Be Cy Wine (oe ———— SE gee pa 0, CO CO LIM Sa" : wc NL AM eae GM voy i : So Zl ae ¢ BR ‘om BIL OP U. Ss NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL, 7 PL, 48 CALLYODON VIRIDIBUSIUS FOWLER AND BEAN TION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 459 FOR EXPLANA U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 7 PL. 49 et NS Fiat de Wes CERRY. ms ee ap aoe USE a SON eee Ses a He SaaS PA aoe 3 y i\ Ne pS x a * a ZS) N E i 1% e xa i tA Wty y £ q 4 See ee Meee yh 170 Glan eee oe Lad ee 136, 137 COCLESTINUS 2 22 ARO Lae hoe Be? 130 Goelestinus 226. PS 130 ROPACIINES 2 eters eke ee) SL EES, 160, 161 COMO ee ee Ce 160 CUTaCaO See SIS Ay ye 138 CYaNCUS.Jo— + seo Sete ees oR 168 GIGK I ee Boe OU a ERE EF 53, 147 glaneus..2 sts Sa eee 80, 169, 180 hamicyaneuss ooo-2e Se eee eos 165 dondamisie 52 Se set ak Sas oe ee 27 Tneryiniaglse oo Se ee I ee 151 leucogaster = f2ee 2222p Se ee 138, 142, 171 1OUCOZONASs: Hos. Les Fs 149, 154, 180 Ietcozonuso see oR ee te ue eee 149 melanocarpus:2:52.~ 2-2... 7 ae 182 Fue ATIONSOUOM so ae ates Soe id 185, 187 TOGLAS See eee Soe a a es TOL 161 MQUESUUR to oe seo ao ete ee eT oe 170 NOvab Seas oe seek coe eect kee eee 136 GEROMOD sot. esl SS ee a 164 DAtHSOli ds sono co4 Se) Jos 2 Sass 175, 177 ROSS Se See eS AUS alee a 188, 142 PH OMIGIGUS oe oe oh Lo er aay 161 Tichardsoni J. 2.2 22U eS Eee ea 184 SHDDHINTS. 2 cas Ls Ser ei sada 175, 177 SAXGULIB Ses! 22 124, 125, 129, 131, 137, 138, 142 RAXABUIS oles asso ao OS 125 septemfasciatus___...-- 125, 127, 129, 131, 135, 137 Semasciatus us osesso ss 5.22222 129, 137 SORGIdUS) 8s sooo pee ee Ue 132, 133, 137 PAUL Obs so vans ere ea ae 168, 169 thoracotaeniatus.-—2=-- 2.22 Leia 158 THECHOSIUS |.) Tee iowens ) dare tadiine: 168, 169 tmnimadcuistusss 22-22 Ls. okey 71, 145, 170, 171 32872—28-——37 Page Abudefdui—Continued. uniocellatys=. <2 ees ei. Bea 73 XHnTHOROVUS se = 2 ee et ee 159 Xanthuruse aeeheo ee 42, 155 ZORAGUS 23 oes ee en ee ee 170, 171, 178 abudjubbe, Choeilinus-: 2-22. e A 348 AICATIGHOGHFO MUS! 2) 5+ - oleic eee ea 27 polyacant huss osscee ee 27 PACATAUTIE eee co eee ee Ee 331 JOMBIFOStEIS2ei eee ee 331 ACUINOCHrOMUS Hoe Gok ee 30 aedlegta; Scorpaena Sata co et ee SN 4 aeruginosus, Pseudoscarus___-.-----.._._-- 473, 474 Scartis. 2 ees 473, 474 afiinis) Glyphidodon. cc Been fe gabon 128 albifasciatus, Pomacentrus_._.-...-.-.--22-_ 65 albipunctatus, Callyodon..___-.--- 222-2... 397 alpisella:: Dascylluss 222-2. nS 14,17 albocinctus, Glyphidodon---......._-.-.--.. 179 Gi phodoniee. 2 ov eee bas ae 179 albofasciatus, Abudefduf-_.-...--.--..--22222 178 Hupomacentrus 3... see 117 Glyphidedon.- 22-22 4c. 2 Satie 178 Giyphidodontopsie + ..3-. ee 178 Giyphisodon =]! cs0-oe sees eee 178 Pomacentrus!€ 2522 25 aed wey rate eee 104 albotaeniatus, Cossyphus- - 22202202. 212-2 207 Hhepidaploisc = 22h. ok a eet nent 207 albovittata, Stethojulis_.-_.-.--2 sel scl lle 241 albovittatus, Labris) 2222 soes ents typed 241 alexanderae, Pomacentrus- -___._--1-_222222 81, 86 alternans, Platyglossus- ._2-....=-2Sssas2g9 256 altipinis, “Pseudoscarus =. +2022... 2 Spi 444 ama bilis; “A budefdifs- 24 3-22 225.- Sahn 137 @iyphisodens2522 042-42 0sose= 7 ae 177 aniblycephalus, Julis+-~--=.=-2)eusiiaeee 330 PULLS: GEES) pee a 330 A Ralassoin 8 ty se 2 ees es ee a 330 Arn biyelyphidodones 22222252202. ie St ee 122 Amnibl ypomacentrus 22 2-2= see ee 65 DPYOVice ps aes 4 tins le ee 114 amboinensis, Chromis-- -._..--..-.-.-_-- 35 Durymseria os ys. 2) 2 ee 215, 216 @lyphidbdnn'ssssus asus ke are 73 @lypbisddon. 222. ...20d nay cae 73 PRB GHOBTOS Hs ooo anise ee ee 288, 289 IISagaS $235 oe Ts oo ee ated 35 Julis'(Elalichoeres),2...~<0.45-0 820s k 2 288 Platyglossuse 3232555355. 4552 ebay lak 288 Pomacentims. 25. 2s. Shun .neleees 86 (Pseudopomacentrus) ..--_..-..--.-. 86 THE COR Ses ie Se Gh aE ihn 224 DteropUbhalmiis 3256 a ee ee 225 Arapatp rion 2 oe ook od een Ey peas 6 ACURA GPS a oe ee eed 7 504 INDEX Page Page Amphiprion—Continued. Anthias clarkil2 26552421 tee ee 7 bicolopscs 22 sale oe a ee 12 polymmnuses ones ee So ee eee 6, 12 Ibifasciatuss2 yo. os ee 6} anthioides; @Cossyphusi 22222222 eee ee 201 boholensis2\ 22520 Poe ae ea ee Coal pAb COR se ee Se ee 6 CHEYSATEVIUSe eee = oe ene BO eee 7 |. antjerius, A budefduf---.----.-2-2_--.- 146, 147, 166 chrysopfteruss-=.2 2 022. oh eee 7 Glyphidodon=5 2-200 fees 166 Clarckil.i.-0 40s so255 Ae 7 Glyphidodontops-22222) 3 166 Claricios h2 20. = 22 so ee ee i Glyphisodon222223 eee 166 Var: japonicus :.22-----22-52-s22J2n- 7 | Apogon quinquevittatus_._............_-... 125 clarkii var chrysarurus---..-.......------ 7 | aquilolo, Marcropharyngodon_-__________-___ 300 enhippiumis. 230222 soe eee i) | Saabicus: eOrichOpnssss- ste 2 oe eee at Seg AO fronatus.2=2.-- so ces2cc Reese eS 9. || -grago,; labrus.2.-2-=22. >. Baeel ee ae 366 intermedius... .-2.---.2--=s--s54-355e% 6 yrichthys-. 2s o22)s)-22. 5 ee 366 japonicusic2 2 222225522223 eee 7 | araneus, ‘Chaetodon.----_-- sseesse eee 23 melanurus..-- 2-20-56 so2 = J. eee 12 | arcuatum, Tetradrachmum-.-___._...._.______ 22 MOY Hite oo te Foo ooo ee eee @ | areuatus; Chactodon==—-2-22) 5. - = eeeees 13, 22 ocellaris...-2-2--2-2- cas geese ee casts 12 |) arenatus, Cheilinys-----2--22 ee eee 343 perce! 32 o.2-3-- 5 2 ee Re fa |} ‘angzusitelalichoeres.— 2. 292 polylepis. .2 2-22 nessa ee 9 Tulise) <2 2 ooo anh ince oan ee 292 polymnus Ss) 5 See ek ee 6,7 TGADEUS oR op eee eee eee 292 Sebae soo eS Soe a eas 6 | aruanum, Tetradrachmum-.--_.______________ 22 SNY Geri 3-028 = ses ee ae sat oa eee @ | anganus; Chaetodon:=-2_.=-.2------- 13, 21 trICOlOReSacen 6 02 - a esa eee es 9, 10 Whetedon: = 225-5 es 21 TUNICALIS: <2) 2 2 eee eer oes eae 12 Daseyilus* 4 2os eee eee 21,22 ManGHULUSS. a ee ee eee eee 7 utjanus: 3-2. eA Se 22 anabatoides, Abudefduf-..---..-.---------- 183, 184 Pomacentruss 3-2 => Site 22 Glyphidodon.- +. 2a ees 61,183 | assimilis, Glyphidodon_--..-----.--.--.-... 174 Glyphisodon:2.--2-2c¢bee tes ates 183 | ater; Eupomacentrus; o---- 22-52 2 eee 81 Pomacentrus: ...- 225-502) ere 41, 43, 183 Glyphisodons2n2see-. see ee 161 Pomacentrus (Pseudopomacentrus) ___-_- 183 Pomacentrus2 08 2 ee ape ae are 81 @nalis) @hromis.s =) 928s ee ee 605188, 142) ||) atripes, Chromisie) <2 eee 43 leliases 22 =.) Lao) vein d hel oneatied 60: |) strolumbus, Cossyphus2222" 2 sae ey 206 HMeliastes: 2 ---s2euno nul. JA eee 60 | augustinus, Pseudoscarus_...-----.---------- 474 Pomacenituss.c2 2.222222... ee ee 81 | auratus, Cheilio.= (20S eee 335, 339 JAMIATTI PSS. esha ed 5 Senet pyre BG 210) 224. || ‘aureus, Abudefduf 2) nan eee 142, 150 arbandes. 75222. 22 ee oo nner 230 I pibwlus..9 =e ee ee 213 caeruleopunctatus..22_ 22-2 = sees ey 228 Glyphidodon (Amblyglyphidodon)-__--_-- 142 caeruleo-punctatus_-_--_.---.-----_---__. 228 GlyphisodoOn ns .ccsaeceeseceme ooo 122, 142 chiarostigma.-=2. 2242.) v2: sae 999) || aurigaria, Crenilabruss- 3) *.-2- 2 215 coertlleomaculatus.: 22 Sues eee nas 229 trymaeriae 2222.2. le ee 216 ~ coeruleopunctatus___--- eee eee 999° | aurigarius, Ctenolabrus=.---_---- suse eeeees 216 diadematus-. 2-2... = eee torte. ee 280>.| auritum,):Choerops: =24----- 2s = ene 374 geographicus.- .-.2--- 5. see es oo4noeg | auritus, Scurichthys——--2- == 25 = eee 373 lineslatus-2: 2222-2 ea ieee 226 Sears: 025-525-2255 ae ee 373 meleagrides.. 22.52 eae a ae 929) | ‘suromaculatus, UAbrus:<.--2=2.-.--eeeee 303 melesgri8:s—. -.-20---4o.ce se 997, || australis; Labrichthys--_----—- = eee 220 pterophthalmus. -----. = Sib slates oan |) axillaris, ,Heliastes:..-.--2"- > Steen 44 pulcher sou 2o ae ee eS Se Se 229 Wags 28k bos ee Se ee 231, 234 taeniatis: 225 ee aealos 230 Wears 2o222.6% os ck see ee 201 ATE pSsisa 22 oo oe ee iy fe 224 Stethojullis..2-...-2--2.5-- 22>. eee 234 anchorago, Choerodon. . ....... 222022es ses 108° Aspire. 2.2 2585 ce Ac ac nee eee eee 302 @hoerops os see ee ee eee 299) || apeulaiCoriss--< so eee eee 302, 303 @hoirodon...=.--.-.- Saco Leaices 193 DWisen5 = 4a. 5 soo San Be 303 @ossyphuss case Ss cee eee 198.) Aspresi§-- = 5 <==. 222-25. <2. eee 30 Spartiset Oss 525 case sseee sens OO: 193 purnetipinnis:- 3-2 = 32.33 se eee 30 andjerinus, Glyphisodon-_------------------- 166 |) azurelineatus, Chromis:-<....-.=.- 262822" 57 dneiterse,.Julists-2..4 es 5 a 327 | azurepunctatus, A budefduf_.-...------------ 149 WHAISSS GING 2) pss sa ene eee 327 | azmunes, Glyphidedon=:262:=-.-.<.2.- ee 168 angulata, Coris!. 222025... 303, 304 Glyphisodon...-.).-2.2-5-5-4- eeeeee 122, 168 anwulatus, Coris- 2.6 22sec ctu celseee ss 303° |) arid, ;Choeroton! 224. .52. aaa 192 Glyphisodon. 1-5-5222 2-52. 2S 54 @hberops: <2 192 anijerius, ‘Gly phidodon seLusss cee 166 Gholropfon: .-. eee 192 Srintilaris;, JIS 5: - saa a =e core ae eee 220 Puttatuse! reese ee ee lee a 493,404 || (casturt Stetholmlis! 2 os eee 244 adjiss edt eet eee ete eee SMS 462,463 | catunco Pomacentrus-.:-_-.-...-...--_------ 90 arid) -+ seaweed eke ble eh tha ene 420 | caudofasciatus, Callyodon-_.._.-...---.-_-__. 446 Hypselopteruss:=<2t2ssisese4 eases sere 484 PSOUdOSCarUsass ee oe eee 446 hypselosomasss2ss4ssustesesseSeeoueet 380 | cautus, Onychognathus_._..........--.------ 30 janthochir:.=2:2222<.ssch02 ME Rees 444 | Colébicd: NOvacila soe ee eee 372 Follogeizctssceensscuscececc sees 434,436 | celebicus, Hemipteronotus__....--.---------- 372 TaCOnthwse22 4: scasstasee dene AS 473, 484 Julish(ulis) Ges ee ee eee 322 latifasciatus=2242224=esssescsleee Sea 460, 462 IPSOUICOSCARUIS: 2 22022 eat oe see 399 lazulinns 222222) 22ss42s22 eee 458, 454, 457 SGarus’: 3 a205 3 en a eee 399 lineolablatusess Ssieeesbssse sate Sse a ses 457 | centriquadrus, Halichoeres_-..-_-____------- 253 macronhinus:issas23 lose shake eee 469, 471 Leni baultogas te ore es a2 eee ee 253 MAOVICUSN A sete nde s des deeessT Se Bees 488, 493 GPUS See alan eae kee 250, 253 MArparitusiesss2 ssa sssaee PTT e sees 397, 496 Platyglossus (Hemitautoga) --.---------- 253 microchellosz22 222222225 eases eee ease 417 | (Centroehromis: 2225 22-2) == 22 see- eres ee eee 122 Microfhinoss—see se oe eS ees 418 | cepedianus, Gomphosus--.--_-------.--------- 334 ANON MCCONSISMss bs sSses2 FSCS ee 371,380) | cCeramensis, Cheilinus:--2322- 2-25-2222 as= 344, 345 MUNICR LUSH sae oet a seeeees 397, 308, 474,484,495 | ceylonicus, Juliss 222222 oles ee ee 255 ATTA DISS 22H eS re Se ae ee Rises Se Bees 414 Plat yelossus2t es 2-2 Poa ee ea 255 HIVT Ae i Res ST Se SEE ee cone 493. |) chabrolii; Crenilabrus----22se5 toons see eee 208 nuchipiunctatustec--eseese se eee es cee 487) chadri; Scarus ees asses ce 382 OOCONIAI SIE Nita Ses Stee once aes eeoeee 38> | Chaerojulisee re ae ee ecaeeeeeas 250 GROS MIE See sss Sls Seet SSS es Rae oewe 407 Castanetiss: Dot seas hee kee = aoe 220 OKTOMON ees esas PAE ess Sees Le 410,414" |) (Haetodonabu-datar-22 2-222 ssoneecen eee 23 OVicepss. = Sees sate eee ees 452 | Chaetodon abudafur hanni---------_------ 128, 129 Pra ITGa Ste 22 BF Po YESS Nt oes Creare 471 BTANG US NEES Ps ESSEC Sree eee 23 PechOraliss=i2 sesso r eT sole aes 453 GTGUA TUS LE: See et 13, 22 Philip Pins ss So tse ean eae 462, 463, 469 ATUATUS 2 Oeee Se eee See 13, 21 prasigenathuste se: 2 22 sS52 see 488, 493, 495 Denpalenysistt 22s 2st Store canes oencseeees 128 DEQUIUIS ee ase an ce eean tones 410, 414 ikculed tus ce sess soe cena eee 4 pulchelitis #22 ef iasecete soso et sede 423 PLO WUT Polite s seas See ene ee 166 DUNDUTOUS Tea eee. eee nsec eeee eee ce 398 CBE YSULU Star oe ee se SSS eee 89 PY TERUTUS oreo sacte emt eee ae 399, 405, 407 Coolestinus 22hes< ==: = 2a SS se ene 130 QUO ne a cowie sa neeee een ee 407 CUTRCRO Mer tae aces ene ea ees 138 FIV TACs erent Soe Se See eee motets 430 Lividtts sores ec ec sreseat oe sean 65, 116 TOSUCAT SSE es se oe Ses Se OE meee 399 THAT PINAbUS seks sea toon oe aa ee 121, 122 TUDOLEIMNUS ee enn ca pee tae See 469, 471 DAV On ee ee eer sees See 65, 68 RUDLOVIGMMCOUS fais on poe ace sone cae 469 TOUMNGU Soe ee Soe wc cena 125 Sandwicensisus222bs fiat ee leone 378, 379 Saxabilise cis Less ISS ee 2 eee eee 121, 124 SOrdidus# ss ssl setae re eee 386, 387, 398 SOrGIMUS eee ee este ee eee enters 121, 132 spinidensss222 2s Se ae ee 380 tyr whith ese te ee cae ceee ocean 125 hriCGlOr SSS leah Naess Se Se AE ee S66. |}, CHeilinast: 922222255520 o 2220 ele eet eee ee 343 ATEN AIN Gh NUS es ak ee 4782490) |), Oheilinoides2.22s2 522228" 26a Soe ee 338 TPOlENSISSs PSL ese eee 469, 471 eyanopleura: 2622. ce cook eee eee 338, 339 VRID GEISI SSE a 92 5h sys AA oe ra Pee ee $80) || Ghetlinas: =o £2252 Sess es tee eee 343 Venmicnlatusocs eee ese oe 422 abudjt bier a. sie 2e 2 oe eee 348 ViTiGeESCONS! eens acces 378 BYOVAtUSE. fo Stee a eso eee sees 343 Witidi DUSIUS 22 evo ee Re ocaee 459 Dimacwlatws se eke eee see eee 344 PO PRULER TI SOA tt a8 ah ee ae ee ie eee 446, 449 BlGehifea tei i Pots ce edteeiee cance 245 @Gallyodontidac--=-e —- = 55-2452 ees 642 | choirodon), Labrus:: 5-22-2224 ee ee aes es 194 Talis tists Se oes nl ae ae 64 | Choirodon oligacanthus.-....--.--.---------- 200 @hetedon'arnanus..-. 2. ast Oi) | OBromissnetenten sc. = 2k oes 14, 29, 31 milinis:- 2s 2022-2 S23 oe ok es 343 Sm DOMeNnSIS! 2226 ese aoe re ee ak 35 CarHmMensis..--. 2.32220... .<2222¢22. 220 re eee 250, 292 trimaculatus:-2-2° sss See een 258 Platyelossvs:tits - Ae Ue ere a 292 Variegatis sss se Soe eee ae 302, 304 BCaruse eeepc See Ue Ue ee os CE 493, 494 VOICE OS bs Oi eee a Ry See 266 guttulatus, ‘Platyglossus- 2222-0222. eee 293 | Halichores caeruleo-vittatus_........_____--- 255 gymnocephalus, Halichoeres___...._.--__.__- 296; |, Hdlyehoereses=s 2522 — 2 eee 250 Wa brusiey esis en Ae ae ne ee ee 296 | hanni, Chaetodon abudafur_-__._____-__--- 128, 129 PIRGYBIOSSUSs co due ee Sere sa soap eS 296: ||) (Haplochromis'-2=25 592s iosssss5co RE eee 61 gymnognathus, Pseudoscarus__.._..--_______ 886.\\il) Hardwitkii, Juliss uy o on 3 212 so eee 322 SCArUS is steels urea. son eee cee IS 400) |b nerd. wicke; Sparus 222s. cesses sdsces ese 317, 318 @ymnopropomaras 2252-0 o- soe eee 201 halassomaws sua siya see ao eee 317 hadi; \Callyodonatessssesusene see ee 462).463>\) Barid, Callyodons Jas ssss5.82-s see seeks 420 Eialichoeres 25-0250 a ee eee eat 250 PSQUGOSCANIS. iil. 2s ot eee 420 SIMD OMENSIS Sass asee ete see ee 288, 289 GS CRESS te ee eae ee ere 421 annals ees ere ear sete 273, 275 Scars. (oo os 22 eee ee ees 420 Srgush sans eS eS IRIE, 292 | harid, Scarus (Pseudoscarus) ---.-.---------- 421 IDieolon2e- 2 see oo es 2 ee 282 | harlofii, Julis (Halichoeres)-.-...--.--------- 273 DIM aCHlatis 7285) see ae se eee eee 250) |) bartzfeldi, (Choerojilis. 4222-22. eee as eee 291 DINOLOPSISa sos Paes: Neenah a ek we 284, 285 Jullisy Gafalitchoeres) case. tase 291 Dblepkeri sw. OSS Se lea py a 289, 294 | hartzfeldii, Halichoeres.......-_-...-----__- 291 centriguadrns {252-2 2s ae ey 253 Platyglossusicc 2 2522s oe ee eee 291 chloroptentiss2 sess 22 eae) aes See 294"\|) hdssek, babrusoo.- 50 es Bee 336 coeruleovittatus-4- = Sena seas 250 |) hebardi,. Pomacentrus.--—--— es 77, 80 CYMATO Sram MIS. eso) Ue ee ae 256.) || EVELIASES ooo Se eae ee eo ee cee 29 daedalima yin se Stroy) es Shee 273 amboinensis22 ee ee eee 35 Gesmogeanys ors 2s ee eS 276 anahises 25 ee eee 60 Gussnmierih: 2022 Aa sad a see 280 Caerileus 223). eee eee 30, 61 QXITININIS 220) 2.0 Sener & te ba 51 | ae TONS Rin eS 253 cinerascens=<_ 292 ee 54 BUGS ese SA ee 292 coarulens 22 2.22 Foe eee 61 Gymnocephalusss.60 hss ee 296 frenatus= 2a ee eee 61 MartZfel ies si ee oe ee 291 INSsolatUS 32 ee eer 29, 30 Heteropterusssis-- =H yo elie 302 Tepisuirus. = Sh eee 61 NOG Venli zs 32085 So oe a heal 268 MBcrochirs =) TAC ees 60 HG BL es ei a rs om ee 285 roticuiatns 50S en eee 18 APIS) 23 obo ec leis eae en aT are 316 ternstensisea fs Se eres 31 Kallochroma: 3 00) >a) y. se.'2h 52 ue 268) |) oeliastes soho eee ed Es oe ee le 30 lebarensisisc2s 2 se 2352 ere 283, 285, 293, 294 Anas ne a eee As ee ee 60 lewucostigma ts: 22 thse. seh a a 299 Bxilarisy 328 ee eee 44) eucurvisy 2 oe aati pep Ue 260 Ceerileyiss ns a eas Fee 61 MAargaritacessns-O2 sos ow ee te Ml 271 Gin ts ey eer a eee 44 THAT PIN AGUS yo ee oscars Se 264, 265 cinerascense 12230 ee 54 melanoehine ssc he seep iene ee 264 GIMIGIA GUS oe re ee 45 Mel ANTS os eee 262 lepidurns!) 3 eee 61 MUNia GUS eee Ss ey 220 opercularis. | 25. ke 47 MOU GSGHBEG Ss ose a a 296 ternatensis vs 52s ee ee ee eee 31 TMG COOE oe ee ee ee 308 | Hemichrysos, Cheiliot— 2-2-2 ae 336 MOD WIGSUs Ls oe ee ee 278):276;276 ||| Elemicoris----- os eee 302 MISrescens so oe ee oa es 280 batuensisic22!25 555s 2s see eens 306 Migropunctatys.cis 4. Seas Ot 301 TOMe@dUs 2122 es 307 MOtO DSS 53a ss see gee ee 267 VARIBES tS. scour ee een 304 Onércularis 253. 5-2 sl sa 27 hemicyaneus, Abudefduf__....-------------- 165 Papilionnces 222262 Sts ee See 278 || Hemiglyphidodon-_.-_ 2-2-2222. 25 ee 122, 185 POCOS temas As See eee es ea 297 Diaplometopon!: uc 2 sos. eee 185 poecilas ier ipaasrerstts averse bag 279) ||; Wemigymnuss <5) oss 2 es eer 244 poecilopterus sree See eee 286, 287 fascia tise: 2226 ee ha. ek i See 245, 246 ian i i a i al a ale | | INDEX 513 Page Page Hemigymnus—Continued. iasulindicus;Chromis2zees teens sees 55 fUliginosusie tee skew e eon ee Saas 245 | intermedia, Pomacentrus fasciatus.__--_._-- lil Jeticomos sheila bo Rat 245 | intermedius, Amphiprion__-......-....------ 6 moelanopterusies)s.2 deus oon ee 247 | interorbitalis, Pomacentrus_____.........___- 104 molapteruss === -nseseek cee eee Geils 247 | interrupta, Stethojulis...._... 20222 2 tt 240 Sexfasciatus ote 242 ene sei ei see ie 245 | interruptus, Julis (Halichoeres)_-__.___------ 240 hemimelas, Glyphidodon.-..--..--..-------- 167 Stethojnlis:: 20622). .225 eae ME 240 Hemipteronotseiv2<: 522 24-S2522 ces eb 310) | tomelas;/@hromisie. + 22251220 eee A 45, 47 Colebicuseqcassess. ts S2seeeresccssts el? Sier,|) Widio kes 2 Ss Sesto wees ees ee eae SO 250 pentadactylus-<+H22s2224-224 Ses 370) }) iris; Halichoeres2 2s. 2-22. - 22.2 < SSO 2 316 quinque-maculatus-2s222222 520.2 2ks seen 3/0) "| irradians, Calotomus2 2222)" Yoo eee 380, 381 umbrilatusssess22eeeskeseseel os Bebe 370 | ismailius, Pseudoscarus.....-_..------------- 450 HMemistomeest aac s essa k ss cceecnet oS eee S82 Mansenin Uses scion ee les- Ee oe en EE 324 reticulatusnet sa. 28 se ew es 2 55s PARTE SSS 382 MThalassomas s+ 22225254 es ieee Ee 324 emitautoge 22s <= sss vaso yas See ose ease 260) Al) Farisenit: (Julie 2 mo Uhl «8 2 ee OAR 324 contriquadrusss2s242sse2 ssc se 253 Mn alassomass4~ = a6 ans Aen EES 324 Memiulissas2c2 sacs ssesh cele oles Seat 250 | janthochir, Callyodon-_-_-...---------------- 444 Feptadecscanthusesssss- 52s scere = tee eee 27 Pseudoscarns: 4s: <=4e Se a re 444 Meptadecanthusiss:22s2 sss 255 Sees ees 27 Scars’ cee 3 26e i wet eee ee Ee 444 brevipinnis---<-"s2e-sclee alle ae 27} jantochir, ‘Pseudoscarus:.-22+2+<--222222202 = 444 longicaudiss==22=2 2222225. S22 Wes 27) Japonica Duymaeriay sss ssee este aes aces 216 MIBGRIOSUISES es sake nena. wenn ee meee chencs 27 | japonicus, Amphiprion__......-.-.---------- 7 heteropterus, Halichoeres.__.........-------- 302 Amphiprion, clarki-_.--2-2--2_22 222220. 7 hexagonatus, Cheilinus__..........._...--- 357, 358 @hoeropsietseelaswen teiawee SAU ae 192 Héxatacnia:Cheilinuset: #2 :te- 62. eee 341 Labras. 8 o2222 eit epca weainra hah nena 192 Psvedochenintiss’*oses2nases sue we secre 341 | javanicus, Glyphisodon _-._.----.----------- 55 hexatenia Pseudocheilinus___.-........-..--- 341) WV ienkinsin Scarusteessoht reas 2 Aten ieee 410 Hin alone see eeee sees te secel eeeek ee Zo erdoni nD aya ets an Mase men eneme eT eee 120, 121 DIPSWUTSA a DYUSsas 2e 84 eee a 208, 209 (POTTACRTIUTUIS o) See een WR CERI REINS ete Ane 120 EUS DIGHDIOIS ener rea ae ene. one P08) | jordanivNibudefduft=-s282 "2 seneeies cere 2 hoevenii, Julis (Halichoeres)_._-...-.__-_-.__- 268 Choerodon ss 25s ses ewer ee Ee 200 JB PUN UGGS 2 daca te eee he 08) (|) fulioides Novactlan@s=2==-eoesers eset snes e 366 Pisity SIOSStSise eee nee Ries ens See 2OS\\T RUT S aaa ee ere hs Are aR ee nate oe eee 302 hogoleuensis, Pomacentrus----_------------- 77 amblyeephalussse:aeevars< sass lyre 330 Holacanthus biaculeatus___._.._....-..----.. 4 anGiLense! <2e hts ayonee se ye kawree ee ne 327 Holocentrus'diacanthus=: 22222-22222 220 222) 68 SNUlAris! + Sewe eee ere a nee he Re Ae 250, 265 TUPMCaTS2 seas eae eens ee eee 118 STi la tris eet has Del ene EX tas eee eee TY 313 S08) 0 1 Fre em fae yee te Al 4 ALEUSHSe eA set els skate SE eee 292 IFO LOR vain OS Mle ae SEE Sen RICE Ne RE A EN 313 BXTMArIG! Leesa ee aie s ANE WS nee esate ete oe 231, 234 fo lozyaniMOSUSHe= = eee ee oe SUL SEE EE 313 SY PULAY eee aes Seaine Pines oe a ere 303 TASCIatHISSs Bs Sees ek Ue ont ee ates 313 Dalle urine et ak oe et Fr nee Ne ee 331 OXY TOY CH Ose eras seas Leer eee 314 Daltedtus ttc heer Lee eens eee 241 BOUTIGISCUSHESS ase ite ee Wee Res 313 erabertice eae eee take es eae eee 247 FG MAlOp TY STES OR te ees eR ee a Si ee 27 Difere eae re PR ee eae he bee RETR ea 367, 368 erty eran ieee eh FD eee 27 DIGGHLe ae Se thers ees ene tama re ee cae re 327 PIS DIOCNTOMmIS S42 Sees 2 Soe See ee 30 Caeriled vittatuss 22s eee nee ee 255 HOTUGLANIS FTLISS oe Shae Re ee ee 253 Ceylonicus2 seis ks Seeet are ae ees See 255 PADIS eee aaa cee Hien Ope Eee eL ks 253 Cire UE ae So te ea ee oe eee eee 303 PIBEY MIOBSUS! 2 ao: hte e es eer ee rene 253 CLOPSY APATISAEES A Se ere a eon 329 hypselopterus, Callyodon_.._-......._.--.--- 484 COPIS MASSE A ree Fe aeeh hin) were eer 303 Ser OSCATTIS! Sante ee re ne ee achectene 484 CTUCH CALS st Pee ea ea ee eee 256 SCARS ee een A el as ein SR A LO On 484 Golidtris ss = Se EAS Mine tS beat ee 313 hypselosoma, Callyodon.._..-...-.---------- 380 OTSA Lis Ae Ow sia rie eth sVedie dE 317 EBV DSIRGIY Setoe teat ae e eee meee Ces eee 191 uperreitss2s <2 ee ee kee eaters = 329 ynilieemlary plossustis l= 2sobes rea tale 285 CUPEITE Y= 22S eee Aa eae eee ree ees 329 hyrtlii, Julis (Halichoeres).._......._..------ 285 Guperneyile eet ease NU eps RNS ee Pee 329 EERICHGRTP Stns ete < tthe SN Oe Ee ea 285 Gussurmieni: Cnaes sine Meee te He Ee 280 FEATS iar ped oho fo4 b chip Re ARR ae edd late tod Urn ge 285 Cl6RANS See = Sakin Swen eNews a eee 256 PCM Uy POs hemes een en elas Me ei Ros RUE 250 GXOLDOTTISU. 2e2 eC Meee tah Sr aye eee oe 280 IS CLAY ES eee ree oe oh Mia a eee ee eee ae 250 OVO eee eee hela wee A eS er rene 310 pricatus; Stegastes: -222-2c2s2 bebo s lel lsc 122 Havovivbatuses hos stais of = Sewad ee eee 310 ATED Ae HELIO 2 oe. Sete oe ee he Peace 335 fORITIOSS Shee ey Murat adins oe aT ooh SS 311 Gr Tose MEAL Ves Ae) eee eee 336 LOUIMUGSHSS Ae Senne ewes Venere eee ee 311 VA DTUSS 2S eo Ses SSE See eh NY SSeS aT 335 Paimard = Sass ses ah emer 2 ets Ae We ae 311 DISiGigior, He pIDUIUEss sens ene ss hol abe Sse 213 PANNATAT? 1 o6ua shat coe Wee eed enn eee ESE TS 311 DASE Meee eee eee iss een fe 212, 213 ROHL O Vee a es aes AE TRE eS SERS OR oes 299 THSOIATUIS ECU ASES ee gs eee 29, 30 ROONTOVI Soe in cet ee ee oe aah 299 514 INDEX Julis—Continued. Page , Julis—Continued. Page pibbifrons!= 2222 32222 2 ae ea 303 mertensil:s255. 224 See ets See 322 PTANGTINIS sofas 28 a eg ee 273 miniaiuse 2.34 22k Fee oe eee 250 mumtherie e222 oo Bp eg oes 316 mola Sit ee ke 282, 285 (Halichoeres) amboinensis___.----.--_--- 288 mebilostis 75s bk oy a 273 Dandanensis. 223222 oe hh eg ae 235 motopsisse=S 2-2 2u22 Janie eae ee 267 batwensis: bois. pur Back Rely ea 306 Obscura s2atsoe ses ee ee 331 INlOtODSIS sees ae shee ee ee anens 285 papilionacels.- -=2-- 2 5- foes ee 278 ehrysotaenia:=.2- 2222 See eS 269 PerlatUs!s oo. 22 onto secs so kee sees ey 293 CLAVier ie ease 2 ee ee era nee eee A 294 (OGG A Ae ee ee ee ee 273 eyanoplenmtass222 22. jeer eae 300 poecilopterus:. 225200 0 ee 250, 286 dieschismenacanthus--__-._.--------- 279 porphyrocephala. 2 = soos ee ee 321, 322 FOTN OSUS 2s ee a ee 311 practextata-_+.-.--.-2..-+-. 52. 5--= 4 368 hanlofiie to s2 Scan et ewe a Winker 273 prostigmiays 2-62 2 24 ee 317 hartyieldiscs <8: Sule si. ee ee 291 puicherrimea 22-226 52 ee eee 312 OSVENTEE Oho re 2 eS aaa 268 plinctatus. 2220. 2-3 — Wot ee eee 326 Riyrtlie oe ee ek ec a ee 285 Purpurea! =.= 5-22-22 = ee 326 INCORMUUP CUS Sees a = cee a eee ea 240 PyTThopramma. 222s See ee 287 allochromid sss) sa 2S So as 261 TOSCO) si. - Soa se abo ses cen wnmetsseee 314 Ieallopisos Scena ev. Aa 260 TUpP PC 242s 2 tee sat asd 22h - oe ee 303 Ie QlOSOMI a2 eek es ee sae 238 Scapularis® . 20.222 22b oo eee eee 255 TePOrensiS= eae ete to) Fok ale Ne 283 schwanefeldi.=2 2-2-3. 8 eee 320 MOLANUTIS 32634 ee eee ed 262 schwanefeldil=-- 5... 2205222 se yeetense 320 TMuinigtys 21s See ee 270 sebanus joc. 2222. ote ee ee ee 244 MOU GStUS Hass ee eee een eee 296 semicinctus:.-- = 9 ~~ 2) ena a aoe 250, Ea C 01 Es Me epee AR ME MPP DEAE Up I te OD 280 semi-decorata--- = 2-2-2 a se ea es 294 notophthalmus 25 ks eye eas 280 semifasciatuss 2. 2-822.) 2s a ee 317 DU SIODUS Sac a ee ta eo eae 267 Semipunctatus-<22 5252 ee kee 250, 303 ON AIOCACT Ase eee ea ee 256 Spiluruss 3 222s ooo ese Sk oe 285 DHEKACOPICUUA: aoe sae a 237 Strigiventert: 24 20a oe a ee 231, 232 DOGOSLICMI Ase ae oe ae se oak cee 297 Taenisnotis= 22 seu lo = oo Bee oe eee 366 DolLyophthalmuUsn. 29245 ee ee 293 thytsiteseisec eee te eee ee eo ie 287 PLOSOMELONE ta sal se ook pees = Se 290 trimaculata 2s 5 ee 258 PSOUGOMIN ATI Sa seek ass bois eos 271 trimaeciiatys:--2-22 2-2-2 eee 366 MOiGhel=e = = ees Tt Ay ee ae ee Ba 275 trunca tts oa 0 oe pee 322, 323 TOMAR pa aes ss a eee 242 UmpbrostigmMas +22 = 3 ee ee ee ees 325 SCHROGOT Sees 2 ae ode Sere se 304 Vanlegatus. 2.25) <2* So oe ee eo 304 Schwarz. #2 uss Sree 2 thee 278 VOLE ALIS 05 2 ees eS ee a ae 331 SGIOTOHSIShS 282 282k 1 Sete ERG e 278 Stethojulis:-<:. 222 32 2a ae eee 238 Spilurus:2 2 2225 ceo be eek Brae eeage 258 | kallochroma, Julis (Halichoeres) _....-------- 261 TOMIMNIN Ck 2225 Se eS 260 Malichoeres.- 332-522-228 See ee 261 VEOUCK 252 fost ci ue eee eae 266 Platyelossus: 222 = ee oe oe ee 261 Handivickit este le ul tk eens eae ee 322 | kallopisos, Julis (Halichoeres) ___------------- 260 GPUGIaNUS: 2-222 2 oS see ae ree 253). I) kallosoma; iINovacula::.- -_ =e eee 367 SANSOM sone: = We se Se 324 INovaculichthys-..23 5-22-04 es 367 NANSOMIE Soe Sooo! ee ae eget ee 324 | Kallosomus, Novaculichthys- -.-.-...------- 367 (Julis), amblycephalus__.....-....---.._. 330 | kalosoma, Julis (Halichoeres)--.-----.------- 238 CALI DICUS 2a 2 oe Pee ae oes 322) |) kKatunko; /Pomacentrus>-5- 622-22 seo 90 uel elt 22 ies) ee ee ele 0 969) | kelloger,;Callyodone_- =.= -22 28 ee 434, 436 MelanoChil = 25 sea ee a eee $28) ll -kmerii:. /Pseudoscarts).-- =~. =22 22 ee 474 Oxyrbynchost 2 52 hose secure one 314 ll kuelknel; duliso.. 35 30.22 oe eee 369 Quadricolorivscuue sup ce eee seme es 316 } Kumkum), Pomacentrus:..2-2---- ose oe 107, 117 schwancfeldisss! 22m see se eal dae 320) || laniatus) iG beiloprions= 228-2 eee ene 64 LITOSPI CTIA. = Me oe a aie han 2 317 IPOMACEN TINS: 2. 42 oe oe ae eee 64 TTP GEORG ae he es Shee ee aad 802° || labiosus, (Pseudoscarus..--o--2-2-3. 2-0 o 410 Wialisieschoensa tlie 2 ek ear ee 956 || WuabrastrumMan o-oo Ce ee ee oe 215 LOLCOSbICTUS-- Gets os oe ee ee ee 937 | uabriehthys-. =: 3.5.22" 6 ea 219 Nneolats tee ees 22 Leese le ee ee ae 302 pustralis: = —2- =) s=ces See eee 220 Wana 8 hee oe os 2 See Bah Sea ee 321 candovittatws =... 25-0 5 ee 219 RItescens 2 4 oeecehnee e 326 eyanotaenian.. 5 =- 2 oe eee een aes 219, 220 TnCH test cee ete SA es ee ge ee 322 Gyanotaeniuss <2) i505 si ee ee 220 Mmsrgaritaces 2) 522525. 22 oe 271 TUpIPINOSa.:= —~ ee ee ee 219 margaritophorus Bc Ne ake Se eo See oe. 282 rubiginosus:... .<2o52-e ss neee as eee 417 Seapulanis; ‘Choerojulis.+.-- a ee 255 micrognathos sss 95s ss se see eee 430 Rr atichoeresic. se eo eee 255 TH CTONEINOSS es eee re eee ee 382, 418 Publis =. SMe eee 3 Sto. pean ae 255 MIcrOrhi nse s Se see ee ee ee ne 435, 469 USB YTIG Soe see ee SS ae 247 THOT ARs oa Nes BNR A aes eee 203 Paty SLOSSUIS Hoes 2 to ee ae ee ree ne 255 TITIPI CRU S ee BS Pe eee 495 Starnichthiysi 2.0322 las epee ie 373 NAO Vitis ss. rk 26s oa ene FA SE eee 373, 374 UEC US oo SE ice es Ee 373 TUG OT se ne ee BES AERA Reo eee 382, 488 Douthelsk Ves -- 9 aera ere eee 375 DIPTICANS A Se ee ee 398 caeruleopunctatus: ..-...2. sLesewssu 374, 377 Tuchipunetatusss =e SPs een eee 487 coeruleopunctatus___..-------- 375, 378, 379, 380 OVICODS S55 2s TEE ee Pe hss Se eee 452 Tarotongae: =u esate Lata 378 OSNICR= Ss terse Se SS RE Seiya ene 469 Val gibnSiSs2 52-26 SS ves a aaa 380 POCLOTSLIS soso see ern eee eee 453 CAT US ee ee ae Se eae ener eee 381 POD Ons ne Aa Aas RUF ain Be Oe NSE eee 382 RETUGINOSUS =. 226 Lt eee 473, 474 PIASIOSN ALAS ya ee eee 488 BULVGUSES 225 Se 373 DSL UC CTIS Sse ae ESA eR ne eee 381, 382 Dalinensisee eset ee eis es ee 457 Dulchellisi 25s ae a ee ee ees 423, 497 pataviensisss 2222 ssc 410, 414 DUTPUTeS hs so eee ee eee 398 Dennetbicss=b4.0 sos See ee 474 DUT DUTeUS 2s ee eee 315 Dicolorss. eA SAE ae SE Se 496 quinguefasciatus= 2 22 eee eee 245 DOCH ss Ee 462 quinquevittatus:: Se ee 316 bottaestee ss eb ss ER eS 375 QUO Vii = 32346 ese SE See ee 407, 462 CRISS beac Se a a es 469 Tivalatold esses ese eee 430 capistratoidess. .33.cc se A 410 TIV UALS eee Ae hee ee ee ee ae 429 Gelébi cusses. wows ee ee 399 PUD OTe > ees tee aha Sil Vd PN eee ee 469 Chad rics ess ole ae eee 382 rubro-notatuse es ee See 375 chilorédon ecto s ess aa 398 TUDFOPUNCtatUs! asia s -aeeeee eeee 375 ChRYSGPOMIUS os re ae 462 TruUbroviolaceuss2 2-23 se eee eee 469 (Callyodon) coeruleopunctatus--_.------ 375 TUP Pelt tyra eta ane eee 421 coerulo-punctatus.2o22s252 5225 eae 375 PUSSOLUD 22 oh sh iste he Ee 430 CTOICENSIS2 2p So eb ees 381, 382 Singaporensissse236 cee eee 493, 494 CLUeNtAtUSs ssuscc sss ees eE. 385 SOPdiduss22 20 posse? phe dee stk eee 398, 400 GY S@NUTUIS HS. 5s oss os eee eos 421 Spinid ens 27s nee 380 CY DHO ss oe ds sedan RS 414 SUMIDRWOUSISsoe ee ee eae eee 385 GimidiaiWS<..w woes cae eee 425 SLICOl Oe ee ee eee are eee, 460 Cubs bones ce ss 473 troschelt ss Ss A eee 398 GUSSUMIUOEL Io toast oJ REA 449 VaIPIONSIS <2 ooo soc ee ee 376, 380 OLYtHLOd ON so Ges estes 385 WADIOPStUS= oo = 2-2 oa ee ee 398 erythrogenys.coss-ssd 488 VOtUIG 202s Secon Se ee eee 381 fasciatusscace esos EEN ALO 429 (Calliodon) viridescens-------2-_-.---.-. 378 TeStIVES osc se be ge 398 VITiCIS 2s se see 462 fONSsteri yr ee ee 410 WOt Kees 226 sco ee ee eee 421 {TenatUss se see PA ES 418, 436 Xen tho plewre +: so-so eee eS 445 Pallistscde een ee 322 | schlegeli, Pseudoscarus..-------------------- 414 gho bans ses ee IS 494 Pseudoscarus pentazona var_------------ 414 PIPHOsUS sf a Rs 495 | schoenleinii, Choerodon--------------------- 198 PibbUS =o ees sacs cs 382, 435 Choerops 222-53 52o Ss ssa 198 gilbertivvcs sess Besse 410 Cossyphus 23232 eeeee 198 PUsCA Mal gests 2 eassbeeeeeee 382 | schroderi, Julis (Halichoeres)-_--------------- 304 PUubtatwWsy sosiw ss PAs sca RES 493, 494 | schwanefeldi, Julis_....--..------------------ 320 FymMnognathusic ses see estos LS 400 TOs: (Talis) sees ee eee oes 320 Manis 42 9 dy ea a 420 MHSINSSOM AL onc esas eee eo aes 320 (€Pssudoscarus) harid 20s 5628 See 251 | schwaneteldil, JWls-. 5-220 e ee eee 320 Hy pPseloptervs asec dase ates SU 494 || sehwarzi, Choerojuliss_..--.--==—- o.oo oe 279 janthochirssss3c. 45s CORON eee 444 Walichoeres.t:.22 2226 ssee2 =a ees tee 278 HOMEIDSL: otic. 244d soos as tes es Ree 410 Pletyglossus.----+ esas ea ook 278 Ievertae vasa as bese Sbss duds SSA 473, 474 | schwarzii, Julis (Halichoeres) --..--.-.------- 278 Wittig Sas Les ed oe G52: dase 421 Platyglossusuie dasn24 oe kk cel eeere gee 278 limbsatus 2. holes sos 222 488 | scolopseus, Pomacentrus--..--.-------------- 118 ividus=.. 32525482 Ra a 474 || ‘scolopsis, Pomacentrus.-- =... 2222-2052 118 IONGIGHDS 3 53 sssaussss sna sees toss UE SE 421 | Scorpaena oculeata--..----------------2------ 4 AW DUS 2s so a a i ee 542 ! scotochilopterus, Chromis-.-.------------ 38, 39, 40 q i : ’ | ’ INDEX 523 Page Page Sebas; Amphiprion: 222-524-425 082! 38.2 5 GP Stethojwlise<224s ons tenes oe teeta ee J. 281, 232 Sebanus, Jiis-csi-22--sCorisas22ss222s:22s222S2 eet 314 INeULLD SNe sea was Dees es ee 240 semipunetatus; Julis:=.2= 202 ei otek 250, 303 calosGmaes sss sess canes cies > Char ONS TTS 238 septemfasciatus, Abudefduf____-------------- 125, phecadoplenrasss2==220=s22 sasossee Ve 237, 127, 129, 131, 135, 137 poekadopleuravet252a-2==sssaes teers 237 Gilyphidodon:=+s22ss=2+2222522222- S322 135 PSACHS eats kA sen eae eee ee TOE E 242 (Glyphidodon) ---------------------- 135 TBDRIG1 a eaah mane ain inn aes MATa 242 Glyphisodons 2: 22222222255 2ss225222-4s22 135 Stripiventers ascent ne ns rere 232 sexfasciatus, Abudefduf__.........-.------- 129, 137 COTTA She ened hm SaaS ISR ASS eee 238, 240 igebhoeres===sean= aan ann nase ene e 245 trilineatassees*o vba vee ese et sae te ces 243 Hemirymnus:+2-2-2+2=-:222si22252222552 245 EPOSSI ate ewes ee ah Sonar ears 237 DUMIS254 =< eee se esc eS et ee 250 OPIN Awa get SE tn ve Oe Ue eee roe nein 238, 240 Wesbrus 222 21222 22 Set eeaee et oS 129..|\ stigma; “Pomacentrus2 £2222 22252222 eo eee 100 sex-maculata, Novacula_.....---------------- S70 niyseriatuss Sai btluses s85 serene Sak we Res ee 213 singaporensis, Pseudoscarus- ---_..---------- 493) istriviventorsrulise. 2 © 222 ea= anes = Sesser s 231, 232 Pears) =. 2 eo eect oc esses esse 493, 494 Stethojtliswest =< see ease keene Sees 232 singapurensis, Pseudoscarus.--.-------------- 493 | strophodes, Lepidaplois__.-_.-._-..-------- 207, 208 simsiang, Pomacentrus--....--.---------- SU 90 | subfurcatus, Bermudichthys_-_--------------- 315 sinsiang, Pomacentrus- --.-----.--.2-2212--- 90)'|) subniger; “Pomacentruss=2-2* S222 ---oee ee 118 sinuosus; Cheilinus-=--=..2--22202020 sole 3487 | suitensis.P omacentrus..2"" ss2ssesssece ea 107 smithi, Pomacentrus—.....-=-.-.-J22bo ae 75 | sumbawensis, Pseudoscarus------------------ 385 snyderi,, Amphiprion..... = 2202522420 es ee ie Seariiceumemsren iain een Aaa cen eee eer Oe ae 385 solorensis; Halichoeres.. =2-+2522-=2 22. 2-0. PP keMiel |S 9 60 O) ON bb topes ao te ye Ftc i, fe i be 209 Julis: (Halichoeres)~2-=+-2-222222022 222224 278 itaonlano vs ULUIsssses ee eeree eae ee 366 Platyglossuss2s22sss2ssoszcee sc 2e Sessile 27 taeniatus vA neampses:- ease ame Cee 230 sonnerat, Holocentrus.< 222422 e0sl toes 4 | taeniometopon, Pomacentrus_--.------------- 90 sordidus, Abudefduf:: 2 -22ss2ss<222222 132, 133, 137 | taeniops, Pomacentrus----_--2.-----------.- 89, 118 Callyodon:222sss2erees ee 386, 387, 398 | taenioruptus, Glyphidodon____-------------- 178 Chactodonsiss2e2 22252255 SE eee PENS. Ih PACHIOUTUS Maa DLUSAe scene nee eee e oo. 365 Glyphidodones=s22-2222e22 522222 SSe2 22 133) |||) taeniurus:s/Pomacentrus.-°- 2-2-2822 ee 22 (Glyphidodon) = 2224-25222 et 133 Pomacentrus (Pomacentrus) ------------- 73 Glyphisodonzs ose =s222sess222 2 133 | tapeinosoma, Lepidozygus------------------- 25, 26 Pomacentnis<-s2s2s52222224 2202262222222 132 POMACENETUIS=2 202 eee ese oee eee 25 IPSCUGOSCALUS ss 222222532022 25552 525522022 308: || taupouy Abudeidulesss22822s"nrees Ss 168, 169 SCarUss-= 222224 5ree22 Te ee 1908}/460: ||; Tautoga;'dimidiata::=:4222"s25s222822"— 247 Sparus anchorago=-=-=>--22s22:s22. (Jot se 193 fascintassenshe ssa su het eeremner states: 245 chlorurtiss;52ss=-2: =2<222 es 362 lencomossta= ses sty tive ce Saree tee 245 Chromissossesstecser sie ssrA 29 melanterushesvscess2scise4 STS t ss ea. 247 Gecnssatus-<2225 -22..-22----2-- 288 Nard wicKe=-s-2222 ssscss2ssss ee 317, 318 Platyelossusceesteessscec ashes sts oc ese 288 insidiators 4 +52-2225.22Ssecceensnn be AZ 2130) terme +Stethojwis= ee ee 325 TUNATISE Aas ee ee ee ee 322,327 || undulatus, Cheilinus-_.-.-.<---225-< 343, 352, 365 NITES CRNS 2~ soci ei a oe ol 326 Ghilinus so ee eee 352 melanochir= 2.252522 2s ae wee 317, 318, 320, 328 @omphosus- <_< 2225 2225: Se ee aoe eee 332, 333 TMG ETT 1S Se PS a nls So ara 327), |} amicolor, Dascyllus_e-—-=2_ =) = 322s See 14 pyTrhovinehimes = sees ee eee 329 PRemmnas: 2 s2) -2eesseso2 2-525 ee eee 5 GuInGUGVILLALUIS Sse es 316 | unifasciatus, Cheilinus--—__..-.---=----.--. 357, 358 Schwaneleldie 25a No aot a ee 320 Glyphidodon)+- 2. *.- 42) 25 See See 147 UMIDLOSLIGMIA= oss es sone poe eee 325 Pomacentrus: 2. 2.2 22 Stee a es 18 ‘hallirus; blochiies «5.0. <2 soe Sa ee 362 | unimaculatus, Abudefduf-__---.----- 71, 145, 170, 171 PAD TT go as eT RS ee ea eS 343 @hocerops. 22 asec sce ee 198, 199 thoracotaeniatus, Abudefduf______-__---_---- 158 Chrysiptera: «2.2 pseese 52 ee 145, 147 TA YTSileS NS =2 802 a ee Saree 287 Gly phidod onz <2 2 2=2 soeeae eran ee 145 SRN VSanOChellUsess sso sa se osaiy see ee 219 antierius Vario 2 2). 4a ee 167 OPNAtUS: 22.5 Ces) 2S ee eo, 219, 220 Glyphidodontops=-- == -- = 2. -2e=s=ns ee 145, 171 ALRVSSHOCHIITIS © «2202-25 25 ak Sue ee ea 219 Q@lyphisodon= 2-225 =s---- steer eee ee 145 CYANOLAGHIS: 55859 ve eee eee peer 220 | uniocellatus, Abudefduf-.--.....--..--------.- 173 LOLGUATUS Xcy TIC NYS: see nen ae eon eee 369 Glyphidodon-22-225--.. <8 seemest ee eee 173 SETICHODUS/ Ala WICUS ee a ene eye es eee 322 Glyphidodontops----=---saeseeees tenon 174 Tucolor. -Amphiprionie.s.oiose see ee eee 9, 10 Glyphisodon: < 22222-0225 5 == eb aemets 173 Callvod one vhi ed ales jae s sea ee 460) || upolensis, Callyodon.-..-.-- == =2--4202- 469, 471 Gomphosus tia. sass nase eee ee 331.338) hi Urichthys? 02.22. == =e eee ee oe 343 IPseudoscaruss:.<- 5. 32a ge eae 460) || tarostigma,. duis’ Julis)2--=" 2-2 ee 317 Scarus!s ele 2 ce lst yn een een AGO)’ waieiensis, Callyodonzc:=----- =" ee -ee eee 380 trifasciatus, Glyphidodon- ._-..-...-----.---- 138 G@alotomus¢ =. 22. 205-2 22s 377 Glyphidodon (Amblyglyphidodon)-.--. 138 Glyphisodon: <2) =<. -.-2sdeneee seen eee 125 Glyphisodon 22-2222 ee at ene 138 entoscarus. -<=235-22---- 22. = Sees 380 IGT ANOS. en econ we Meee nee 4 Scarichthys-.-2.-<2-2-s ss.- case eee 380 Bomacentrus: 22.5 casecccsee aera eee 23 Scaruse 2222-22. so220 055k aso 376, 380 IPTOMINAS aoe A eae cee eee aes 4 | vanicolensis, Pomacentrus___-.-------------- 89, 96 PHIStOMS= 220-0 ene oe Gas ee ce eee oe ae ae 114: || variegata, Ooris- =.=. ---5-------- oe eoeeeene 304 Unilineate, Stebhowulise=. eens nee asses 243 Goris (Hemicoris) 22 -- = 22-4272) 2 ees 304 GEulneatis, Wuabrus22 selene ese eee 241.243! || variegatus, Coris..--ss--s---22-22==-seenee 310 POMACHNtTUS Ha. 2 eae aeceeo ee eee 89 Walichoeress:2-..--c =..ssse—5- =. ese 302, 304 (Pseudopomacentrus) - -..----------- 89 EFOmicCGrisc.22 so scccuee ae cena 304 trlobatus: Cheilinus. .po2sencn eee e ee ate 343 TT Seok = se ee ere = ee ee 304 DIL S oS a ae ea a ee 347 Psedoscarus:-... --2----ss.-5-sceeeaeeee 398 trimaculata, Choerojulis._........---.-26-==- 258 Se@arus 2220028 2 ee 398 Guntheri_- 2223-2. ee oe ee oes 258. I) varius, Gomphosus:-._--.----------- = eaeae 332 DLS Sa ee eens RE ec ea 258) | Wrvenusta;\@Onis 3-2-9225 = Ses ti coo ee eee 307 trimaculatum, Tetradrachmum. ..---------. 14 | vermiculatus, Callyodon--_-_-...--.-_--------- 472 teimaculafis; Dascyllus)— ¢ ooo steno ee TAS 188 | Wierno0 2 Se eee ce es ok ne 201 Dischistodus = 0. a oe eee 102 | Verriculus__----- Nok LoS ko = Sea eee 201 Halichoeres. = 2. occa ns oka ecose bees 258 SANgUIMEUS.- 6 ee ee ee 201 DUS ei eee eck aeee eo nea ee 366: || werticalis: Julisso-2- "2... 2oe 8S ee 331 PIGtVElossuS:- 2.252 wens sete Sere et 258) li wetula, Scarus.so2s222-- on ee 381 Pomecentrus: © s002 oie. seneceene 14, 101,117,118 | violaceus, Glyphisodon---..--.-------------- 161 Tetredrachmume-o-c. on acel one pee eee 14 | violescens, Pomacentrus_----.------------- 71, 81, 86 tripunctatus, Pomacentrus._........-..----- 89 Pomacentrus (Pomacentrus)------------ 71 tropicus, Pomacentrus___...-.-.-...---.-.--< 90 Pristotis oc ascec oe eee ee ee 71 troscheli, . Pseudoscarus...-.-..=- ssctciesnne 399 | viridescens, Callyodon....-...- pocceceeene ee 378 Scarusi. i) to.ece lowe ee cee nee 398 Len tostarUSeanc-. 5 sonnennestau aassiikulr 7S troschelii, Pseudoscarus. ........-..-----.--. 399 Searis)(Calliodon)< =~ 2222-2 see eae 378 TrOsSUI a, (STELHOFUMS eee ce ee eee ane 7 | viridibusius, Callyodon.-..—.....-..-------- 459 INDEX oo Page Page Virldis N@ReUIO Geist eee ee ie ce 22 Ber lpxenodon, Calotomusieses 220 2 eee See ae 376 Gomphosus- see ee ee eee Gore DHOCHOMUS: = = 52620 ese nee sone oo tk ee 190 IPSPUGOSCHIUSS Stes <8 eso ek Lek 462, 469 quadrimaculatwss ioe 52 ee eases eee 190 RC ATUS2 ha a8 ee So a Soe 462 EY DUIS See Sect eee ne th eee ake EE 190 vitianus, Pomacentrus« .-< 225. -s-o5 02.252 Ls MexGHOchilusss eke a ene ee aes tN 190 vitriolinus, Pseudoscarus- ----..-.----------- 399 quadrimaculatus._...-...--------------- 190 iaeer i ade ee 4 xyrichthyoides, Novacula__._.....---------- 369 itis) (Helichoenrcs)2a- - eases ean ae so 266 pone re Baer rac aa ina on RSS Bae Pieris ee ae a hE tae 266 CYBEITOS US eee een en 370 waigiensis, Glyphisodon-----=-.....#-.-.--=- 125 lecluse.... Ta AER OL ET Bae Le RI 368 materi Ghramis ives 6 ee a al 41, 48 macrolepidotus=—-25--- 2-2 52_- Hess 365 TOV ARIORULIa aes ea ee As, Oy, Pt © 211 microlepidotus. --.....-.-------------_.- 368 PA pins meee ee NO took 211 MOVACWIOINeS A =a So Ss ess 369 WRU SCACUS ee eee At ok eee Lae erry 421 LOCC US GS eee ee ee eee ere 369 xanthonotus, Abudefduf_.___- Oe Ae ee 159 | zamboangae, Choerodon.-......-.------------ 196 tiv hid od Ons eck sees seas he ee 159 Choeropsy See eee oe eae 196 Giyphisodon. 22 222s soo eee a ipo |ezatima | Stebhowmlise =25-222s4 css soo soca 238, 240 Paragivypnidodont ste ans cena enone Jbealezoylanicus: Wabruses e- = se-ee ae 322 xanthopleura, Scarus-....--..--------------- Baonl NViC7ZAC PSCHAO)UIS a eee ee ela en ee 256 xanthosoma, Dascyllus ~ --------------------- 18 | zonatus, Abudefduf____-.-.------------ 170, 171, 179 xanthozona, Glyphidodon-_.---------------- 178 Abudefduf brownriggii var____._--_--__- 179 Glyphidodon brownriggii-__.........-__- 177 Glyphidod : 179 : i VpHidodon. sess So sw eee ate eee Glyphisodon soe sh Ss a te Sa 178 Gis atidedont 179 TANbnUTUs, AUG dit. 2 noes ete 42, 155 yP z Sel aria aa pions ieee ger trae ArapH pHa ee ee keel eae 7 Glyphisodon 2. - 2 soos 282 2 oe Sac eee 179 Bigeye eta oe ul ay a 7 Pseudoscarus2.c 22235-22225 (2. eee 452 Miproctacanthus:..2. 2.20 933 | zonephorus, Sparus--.----------------------- 245 Giyphidodon cee tess See AE 1550|) zonularis; Callyodonii=: 722-22 salsa se 446, 449 Glyphisodonses eee haku eee 155) |PZOnUTuS,.C Holinush sens ase oa ae eee ene ae 357 aDTOldeS =. eee ee face soo eke 221, 223 Raracivypnidodons: 22225505525. 22 155 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS U.S.GOVERNM ENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D.C. 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