1H U) ™ U) 0 +4 in OH P OU ind! YP , aA \ ety) pee th t THE We a ~ bi ei 7 ne ‘— > (tia oi! HUY i} Ceuls sg Px as SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 WASHINGTON, D.C. 1963 MUSEUM Oc) ON) AT) URvA TE Bis TO RY Checklist of the Birds of Thailand HERBERT G. DEIGNAN Research Associate, Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, 1963 Publications of the United States National Museum The scientific publications of the United States National Museum include two series, Proceedings of the United States National Museum and United States National Museum Bulletin. In these series are published original articles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of the Museum and setting forth newly acquired facts in the fields of Anthropology, Biology, Geology, History, and Technology. Copies of each publication are distributed to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the table of contents of the volume. In the Bulletin series, the first of which was issued in 1875, appear longer, separate publications consisting of monographs (occasionally in several parts) and volumes in which are collected works on related subjects. Bulletins are either octavo or quarto in size, depending on the needs of the presentation. Since 1902 papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum have been published in the Bulletin series under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. FRANK A. TAYLOR, Director, United States National Museum Uniren States GovERNMENT PrintiING Orrice, WASHINGTON, 1963 —— ee ee ee ee eee For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price $1.25 IV Contents Page PTT AO CAUTION peers ey Re ed SR ey VII EMSIRS TATA. ne 88 AOA 2 Has Oe A Ix Beste Amand res eho ees eer eee ty eee eS ae 3 ee RS PE eine ne a ene ete Se nes ee eS Lee ee 221 V Introduction The late Count Nils Gyldenstolpe, of Sweden, was the author of the only previously published and theoretically complete checklist of the birds of Thailand. His ““A Nominal List of the Birds at Present Known to Inhabit Siam” (Ibis, 1920, pp. 446-496, 569-607, 735-780) gave the names of 732 forms, of which some were only dubiously to be considered Siamese. The present list includes the names of 1,173 birds and is complete so far as the avifauna of Thailand is known at this date (1962). For information on the Siamese collections in their care and, often, for the privilege of personal examination of important specimens, I owe thanks to literally dozens of museums in America, Europe, and Asia, and to members of their ornithological staffs. Special gratitude is due Mrs. B. P. Hall, of the British Museum (Natural History), London, who painstakingly recorded for me the data for the entire extensive collection of Siamese birds presented the Museum by the late Sir Walter J. F. Williamson, C.M.G. I should mention also the rich collections of Dr. Bun Song Lekhakun of Bangkok and of Dr. Robert E. Elbel, USOM/Thailand, who have sent me copious material during the past ten years, and whose explora- tions of previously uninvestigated areas have added dozens of birds to the Siamese list. Finally, I must express my heartfelt thanks to Dr. Edward H. Taylor and Dr. George W. Byers, Editors of the University of Kansas Science Bulletin, who have graciously permitted me to use their invaluable plate of the map of Thailand showing provincial boundaries. HeErsert G. DEIGNAN VII MAP ot THAILAND | 40 Ave ie IVONIG 2 The Provinces of Thailand Ang Thong 5 Ayutthaya 6 Buriram 21 Chachoengsao 14 Chainat 1 Chaiyaphum 19 Chaiya Prakan (see Note) Chanthaburi 17 Chiang Mai 35 Chiang Rai 36 Chon Buri 15 Chumphon 58 Kalasin 32 Kamphaeng Phet 45 Kanchanaburi 50 Khon Kaen 30 Khu Khan (Sisaket) 23 Krabi 64 Lampang 38 Lamphun 37 Loei 26 Lop Buri 3 Mae Hong Son 34 Maha Sarakham 31 Nakhon Nayok 11 Nakhon Pathom 53 Nakhon Phanom 29 Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat) 20 Nakhon Sawan 48 Nakhon Si Thammarat 62 Nan 40 Narathiwat 71 Nong Khai 25 Nonthaburi 7 Pathum Thani 8 Pattani 69 Phangnga 60 Phatthalung 66 Phayao (see Note) Phet Buri 56 Phetchabun 47 Phichit 46 Phitsanulok 44 Phra Nakhon (Bangkok) 10 Prachin Buri 12 Prachuap Khiri Khan 57 Phrae 39 Phuket 63 Ranong 59 Rat Buri 52 Rayong 16 Roi Et 33 Sakon Nakhon 28 Samut Prakan 13 Samut Sakhon 55 Samut Songkhram 54 Sara Buri 4 Satun 67 Sing Buri 2 Songkhla 68 Sukhothai 43 Suphan Buri 51 Surat Thani 61 Surin 22 Tak 42 ; Thon Buri 9); Trang 65 rat 218 Ubon 24 Udon Thani 27 Uthai Thani 49 Uttaradit 41 Yala 72 Norre.—With increase of population, there has in recent years been recurrent talk of dividing each of the provinces of Chiang Rai (36) and Chiang Mai (35) into two. The new province to be carved from Chiang Rai would probably be named Phayao, while that withdrawn from Chiang Mai would probably be called Chaiya Prakan. The hypothetical Province of Phayao would possess an avifauna inseparable from that of the then restricted Province of Chiang Rai. The hypothetical Province of Chaiya Prakan, however, which would correspond with that part of the present-day Chiang Mai that falls into the watershed of the Mae Khong, would show an avifauna very different indeed from that of the then restricted Province of Chiang Mai, drained by the system of the Chao Phaya. Ix To stress the differences, I have consistently referred to Chaiya Prakan as provenience of forms reported from the Mae Khong- drained northeastern part of what is still officially known as Chiang Mai. Chainat Sing Buri Lop Buri Sara Buri Ang Thong Ayutthaya Nonthaburi Pathum Thani Thon Buri 10 Phra Nakhon (Bangkok) 11 Nakhon Nayok 12 Prachin Buri 13 Samut Prakan 14 Chachoengsao 15 Chon Buri 16 Rayong 17 Chanthaburi 18 Trat 19 Chaiyaphum 20 Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat) 21 Buriram 22 Surin 23 Khu Khan (Sisaket) 24 Ubon 25 Nong Khai 26 Loei 27 Udon Thani 28 Sakon Nakhon 29 Nakhon Phanom 30 Khon Kaen 31 Maha Sarakham 32 Kalasin 33 Roi Et 34 Mae Hong Son 35 Chiang Mai 36 Chiang Rai x SCONOnrwWhN 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Lamphun Lampang Phrae Nan Uttaradit Tak Sukhothai Phitsanulok Kamphaeng Phet Phichit Phetchabun Nakhon Sawan Uthai Thani Kanchanaburi Suphan Buri Rat Buri Nakhon Pathom Samut Songkhram Samut Sakhon Phet Buri Prachuap Khiri Khan Chumphon Ranong Phangnga Surat Thani Nakhon Si Thammarat Phuket Krabi Trang Phatthalung Satun Songkhla Pattani Yala Narathiwat Checklist of the Birds of Thailand 6nt loteiidanad.) a honed! te abit The Birds of Thailand Order PODICIPEDIFORMES Family PODICIPEDIDAE Genus PODICEPS Latham Podiceps ruficollis poggei (Reichenow) Colymbus nigricans poggei Reichenow, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 50, No. 1, January 1902, p. 125 (Hopeh Province, China). Range: Still waters of the northern plateau, the eastern plateau (Chaiyaphum), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Order PELECANIFORMES Family PELECANIDAE Genus PELECANUS Linnaeus Pelecanus philippensis philippensis Gmelin [Pelecanus] philippensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 571 (“in wsulis Philippinis”’). Range: The more extensive marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai) and the central plains, and along both coasts to the extreme South. Family SULIDAE Genus SULA Brisson Sula leucogaster plotus (Forster) Pelecanus Plotus Forster, Descriptiones animalium, ed. Lich- tenstein, 1844, p. 278 (‘‘ad syrtes et brevia maris novam Caledoniam alluentis’’). Range: Off both coasts and reported to breed on certain islets of the Gulf of Siam. 3 4 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Family PHALACROCORACIDAE Genus PHALACROCORAX Brisson Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Blumenbach) Pelecanus sinensis Blumenbach, Abbild. naturh. Gegenst., heft 3, 1798, pl. 25 and text (China). Range: Reported from the broader rivers of the northern plateau (Mae Khong, Mae Ping), the more extensive marshes of the central plains (Phitsanulok), and along both coasts to the extreme South. Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Stephens Phalacrocoraz fuscicollis Stephens, in Shaw, General zoology, vol. 13, pt. 1, February 1826, p. 91 (Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the central plains (Samut Prakan). Phalacrocorax pygmeus niger (Vieillot) Hydrocoraz niger Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 8, March 1817, p. 88 (‘‘aux Indes orientales”; type locality restricted to Bengal State, India, apud Peters). Range: Reported from both still and running waters (including the larger torrents) of the northern plateau, the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Surat Thani and Phuket. Genus ANHINGA Brisson Anhinga melanogaster Pennant Anhinga melanogaster Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 13, pl. 12 (Ceylon and Java). Range: Reported from both still and running waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Nakhon Si Thammarat and Phuket. Family FREGATIDAE Genus FREGATA Lacépéde Fregata andrewsi Mathews Fregata andrewsi Mathews, Austral Avian Record, vol. 2, No. 6, Dec. 19, 1914, p. 120 (Christmas Island [lat. 10°31’S., long. 105°34’ E.], Indian Ocean). Range: Reported off both coasts of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Fregata minor minor (Gmelin) [Pelecanus] minor Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 572 (no locality; type locality THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 5 designated as ‘‘the eastern half of the Indian Ocean,” by Rothschild, Nov. Zool., vol. 22, 1915, p. 145, and restricted to Christmas Island, by Lowe, ibid., vol. 31, 1924, p. 306). Range: Reported off both coasts of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Order CICONIIFORMES Family ARDEIDAE Genus ARDEA Linnaeus Ardea sumatrana Raffles Ardea Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 325 (Sumatra; type lo- cality restricted to Benkulan [lat. 3°47’S., long. 102°15’E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 130). Range: Reported from islets off the southeastern provinces (Trat) and along both coasts of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Ardea cinerea rectirostris Gould Ardea rectirostris Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 11, July 1843, p. 22 (New South Wales, error; type locality corrected to “Tndia?,”’ by Stone, Austral Avian Record, vol. 1, 1913, p. 142). Range: Reported from both still and running waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central provinces, and the western and penin- sular provinces south to Trang. Ardea purpurea manilensis Meyen Ardea purpurea var. manilensis Meyen, Nov. Act. Acad. Caes.- Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur., vol. 16, suppl. 1, 1834, p. 102 (Manila, Luzén Island, Philippine Islands). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phuket and Phattha- lung. Genus BUTORIDES Blyth Butorides striatus amurensis von Schrenck [Ardea (Butorides) virescens] var. amurensis von Schrenck, Reisen und Forschungen in Amur-Lande . . ., band 1, lief. 2, 1860, p. 441 (“Amurland,’”’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai) and the southeastern provinces (Trat). 6 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Butorides striatus actophilus Oberholser Butorides javanicus actophilus Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, Oct. 26, 1912, p. 1 (North Pagi Island, Mentawai Group, Barussan Islands). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Butorides striatus abbotti Oberholser Butorides javanicus abbotti Oberholser, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, p. 14 (Pulau Langkawi, Langkawi Islands, Strait of Malacca off the Malay State of Perlis). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the ex- treme South. Genus ARDEOLA Boie Ardeola ralloides bacchus (Bonaparte) Bluphus]. bacchus Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 2, pars 1, [not earlier than April 15], 1855, p. 127 (Malay Peninsula). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Ardeola ralloides speciosa (Horsfield) Ardea speciosa Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 189 (Java). Ardeola speciosa continentalis Salomonsen, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 41, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1933, p. 41 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Genus BUBULCUS Bonaparte Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Boddaert) Cancroma Coromanda Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 54 (Coromandel Coast of India, ez d’Aubenton, pl. 910). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND a Genus EGRETTA T. Forster Egretta sacra sacra (Gmelin) [Ardea] sacra Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 640 (Tahiti Island, Society Islands). Range: Reported from reefs and islets along both coasts to the extreme South. Egretta eulophotes (Swinhoe) Herodias eulophotes Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 64 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: Now possibly extinct, but at least formerly a winter visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the penin- sular provinces (specimens in the British Museum from Phuket, 1879, and Pattani, 1901). Egretta alba modesta (J. E. Gray) Ardea modesta J. E. Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, 1831, p. 19 (India). Range: Reported from both still and running waters of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Surat Thani. Egretta intermedia palleuca Deignan Egretta intermedia palleuca Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 60, No. 24, Aug. 22, 1947, p. 97 (Muang Chiang Rai [lat. 19°55’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Eeretta garzetta garzetta (Linnaeus) [Ardea] Garzetta Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 237 (‘in Oriente,” ez Brisson; type locality restricted to Europe, apud Mathews, List of the birds of Australia, 1913, p. 81, and further restricted to Malalbergo, Bologna Province, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 53, 1933, p. 194). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus NYCTICORAX T. Forster Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus) [Ardea] Nycticoraz Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 142 (“an Europa australv”’). Range: A permanent resident on the central plains, but reported as a post-breeding visitor from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the eastern plateau (Khon Kaen). 546-019-632 8 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus GOISAKIUS Bonaparte Goisakius melanolophus melanolophus (Raffles) Ardea melanolopha Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 326 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to Benkulan [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 1380). Range: A resident of heavy forest, reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. Genus IXOBRYCHUS Billberg Ixobrychus sinensis (Gmelin) [Ardea] Sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 642 (China, ex Latham). Range: The northern plateau, the central plains, and the penin- sular provinces south to Phuket. Ixobrychus eurhythmus (Swinhoe) Ardetta eurhythma Swinhoe, Ibis, ser. 3, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1873, p. 74, pl. 2 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet), and the peninsular provinces (Trang). Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin) [Ardea] cinnamomea Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema na- turae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 643 (China, ex Latham). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus DUPETOR Heine and Reichenow Dupetor flavicollis flavicollis (Latham) [Ardea] flavicollis Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 701 (India; type locality here restricted to ‘‘the province of Oude,” ex Latham, General synopsis of birds, suppl. 1, 1787, p. 239, No. 82). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 9 Genus BOTAURUS Stephens Botaurus stellaris stellaris (Linnaeus) [Ardea] stellaris Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 144 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Family CICONITDAE Genus IBIS Lacépéde Ibis leucocephala (Pennant) Tantalus leucocephalus Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 11, pl. 10 (Ceylon). Range: Marshes of the central plains and of the peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus ANASTOMUS Bonnaterre Anastomus oscitans (Boddaert) Ardea oscitans Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’his- toire naturelle, 1783, p. 55 (Pondicherry, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 932). Range: Reported from marshes of the northern plateau, the cen- tral plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Krabi. Genus CICONIA Brisson Ciconia ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus) [Ardea] Ciconia Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 142 (Europe, Asia, Africa; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from western Asia, known by one winter sight rec- ord from the central plains (Nakhon Pathom). Ciconia nigra (Linnaeus) [Ardea] nigra Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 142 (“in Europa boreali’”; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Peters). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). 10 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Ciconia episcopus episcopus (Boddaert) Ardea Episcopus Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 54 (Coromandel Coast of India, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 906). Range: Reported from marshes of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and of the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus XENORHYNCHUS Bonaparte Xenorhynchus asiaticus asiaticus (Latham) [Mycteria] asiatica Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 670 (India). Range: Marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao), the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus LEPTOPTILOS Lesson Leptoptilos dubius (Gmelin) [Ardea] dubia Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 642 (India). Range: The broader rivers and more extensive marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and of the central plains. Leptoptilos javanicus (Horsfield) Ciconia Javanica Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 188 (Java). Range: Reported from still waters of the central plains and of the peninsular provinces south to Trang. Family PLATALEIDAE Genus THRESKIORNIS G. R. Gray Threskiornis melanocephalus (Latham) | Tantalus] melanocephalus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 709 (India). Range: Reported from the broader rivers and more extensive marshes of the central plains and along both coasts to the extreme South. Genus PSEUDIBIS Hodgson Pseudibis papillosa davisoni (Hume) Geronticus Davisoni Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 300 (‘the banks of the Pakchan Estuary in the extreme south of the Tenasserim Provinces,” Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 11 Range: Reported from the broader rivers and more extensive marshes of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the central plains, and of the peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Pseudibis gigantea (Oustalet) Ibis gigantea Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 7, tome 1, No. 1, 1877, p. 27 (“sur les bords du Mékong,” Cambodia). Range: Reported from marshes of the central plains and of the peninsular provinces south to Satun. Order ANSERIFORMES Family ANATIDAE Genus DENDROCYGNA Swainson Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield) Anas Javanica Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 199 (Java). Range: Still waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the south- eastern provinces, the central plains, and of the western and peninsu- lar provinces to the extreme South. Genus TADORNA von Oken Tadorna ferruginea (Pallas) Anas (ferruginea) Pallas, in Vroeg, Beredeneerde catalogus, Adumbratiunculae, 1764, p. 5 (no type locality given, but accepted as Tartary, ex ‘‘Tartarysche Gans” and ‘“Anser Ta- taricus ferrugineus in Catalogus, p. 25). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter on the larger rivers of the northern plateau and the central plains. Genus ANAS Linnaeus Anas acuta Linnaeus [Anas] acuta Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe maritimis”; type locality restricted to Swe- den, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the northern plateau and the central plains. Anas crecca crecea Linnaeus [Anas] Crecca Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“an Europe aquis dulcibus’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the northern plateau and the central plains. ar U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Anas poecilorhyncha haringtoni (Oates) Polionetta haringtoni Oates, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 17, No. 3, Feb. 15, 1907, p. 558 (Shan States, Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao). Anas penelope Linnaeus [Anas] Penelope Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe maritimis & paludibus’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Anas querquedula Linnaeus [Anas] Querquedula Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe aquis dulcibus”; type locality re- stricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the northern plateau and the central plains. Anas clypeata Linnaeus [Anas] elypeata Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 124 (“in Europe maritimis’”; type locality restricted to southern Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from still waters of the central plains. Genus AYTHYA Boie Aythya ferina (Linnaeus) [Anas] ferina Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 126 (“in Europe maritimis”’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Aythya nyroca (Giildenstadt) Anas nyroca Giildenstidt, NoviComm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropoli- anae, vol. 14, pt. 1, 1769, p. 403 (‘An regionibus Tanaicensibus inter gradum 54 et 55 latitudinis’’). Range: A visitor from northwestern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Aythya baeri (Radde) Anas (Fuligula) Baeri Radde, Reisen im Siiden von Ost-Sibirien, band 2, 1863, p. 376, pl. 15 (‘“‘Amurland,” Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 13 Aythya fuligula (Linnaeus) [Anas] Fuligula Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 128 (‘an Europe maritimis’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Chachoengsao). Genus NETTAPUS Brandt Nettapus coromandelianus coromandelianus (Gmelin) [Anas] coromandelianus Gmelin, Caroli A Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 522 (Coromandel Coast of India). Range: Reported from still waters of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phatthalung. Genus SARKIDIORNIS Eyton Sarkidiornis melanotos (Pennant) Anser melanotos Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 12, pl. 11 (Ceylon). Range: Reported from several localities of the northern plateau and the central plains. Genus CAIRINA Fleming Cairina scutulata (S. Miiller) Anas scutulata S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pt. 5, Mar. 30, 1842, p. 159, footnote (Java). Range: Reported from forest of the western portion of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Order FALCONIFORMES Family ACCIPITRIDAE Genus ELANUS de Savigny Elanus caeruleus vociferus (Latham) [Falco] vociferus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 46 (India; type locality restricted to Coromandel Coast of India, ex Sonnerat, apud Hartert). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Phayao, Chiang Mai), the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). 14 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus MACHEIRAMPHUS Bonaparte Macheiramphus alcinus alcinus Bonaparte Macheiramphus alcinus Bonaparte, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 2, [not earlier than September] 1850, p. 482 (‘a presqu’fle de Malacca’’). Range: The vicinity of limestone hills in the peninsular provinces southward from the Isthmus of Kra. Genus AVICEDA Swainson Aviceda jerdoni jerdoni (Blyth) Plernis]. Jerdoni Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 125, May 1842, p. 464 (no locality= Malacca, fide Peters). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Aviceda leuphotes syama (Hodgson) Baza Sydma Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 60, December 1836, p. 777 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the penin- sular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Aviceda leuphotes leuphotes (Dumont) Falco leuphotes Dumont, Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, tome 16, April 1820, p. 217 (Pondicherry, Madras State, India). Range: Reported during the hot weather and the rains from the northern and eastern plateaus, in the cold season from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the central plains. Genus PERNIS Cuvier Pernis ptilorhyncus orientalis Taczanowski Pernis apworus orientalis Taczanowski, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, sér. 7, tome 39, 1891, p. 50 (eastern Siberia [. . . Koultouk sur le Baikal méridional . . . Vem- bouchure de l’Oussouri au 48° L.N.. . . I‘flot Askold au 43° L.N.”]; type locality [inferentially] restricted to “’em- bouchure de l’Oussouri au 48° L.N.,” by Sztoleman and Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. Hist. Nat., tom. 6, 1927, p. 99). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 15 Pernis ptilorhyncus ruficollis Lesson Pernis ruficollas Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr, 1, February 1830, p. 77 (“patrie inconnue’’; type locality restricted to Bengal State, India, apud Kirke Swann, A monograph of the birds of prey, pt. 13, 1936, p. 312). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Pernis ptilorhyncus gurneyi Stresemann Pernis ptilorhynchus gurneyi Stresemann, [Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Abt. B,] Archiv fiir Naturge- schichte, neue folge, band 9, heft 2, Apr. 15, 1940, pp. 155 {in key], 168 (Lamaing, Mandalay District, Mandalay Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern and eastern plateaus. Pernis ptilorhyncus torquatus Lesson Pernis torquata Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 1, February 1830, p. 76 (“patrie inconnue’’; type specimen from Sumatra, fide Des Murs, Iconographie ornithologique, livr. 3, 1849, unpaged). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus MILVUS Lacépéde Milvus migrans govinda Sykes Milvus Govinda Sykes, Proc. Comm. Sci Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 18, July 31, 1832, p. 81 (The Deccan, India). Range: The central plains as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan throughout the year and occasionally reported along the eastern coast south to Songkhla. Milvus lineatus lineatus (J. E. Gray) Haliztus lineatus J. E. Gray, in Hardwicke, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, pt. 8, 1831, pl. 18 (China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau and the central plains as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus HALIASTUR Selby Haliastur indus indus (Boddaert) Falco Indus Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 25 (Pondicherry, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 416, and Buffon, vol. 1, p. 490). 16 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: Generally distributed from the northern and eastern pla- teaus southward over the central plains and apparently along the eastern coast as far as Pattani. Haliastur indus intermedius Blyth [Haliastur] intermedius “Gurney” Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 1, No. 1, January 1865, p. 28 (Java). Range: From the Isthmus of Kra southward along the western coast to Satun. Genus ACCIPITER Brisson Accipiter gentilis khamensis (Bianchi) Astur palumbarius khamensis Bianchi, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 16, Apr. 2, 1906, p. 70 (‘‘fl. Re-tschu, affluent. fl. Mekong dict. . in terra Kham dicta, Tibet. merid.-orient.’’). Range: An apparently rare winter visitor to the higher peaks of the northwestern provinces. Accipiter badius poliopsis (Hume) Micronisus poliopsis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, Nos. 1-3, Jan- uary 1874, p. 325 (“Northern Pegu’’; type locality restricted to Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Burma, ex Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, 1875, p. 24). Range: A common permanent resident throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra, in winter southward in small num- bers as far as Trang. Accipiter soloensis (Horsfield) Falco Soloénsis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. 1, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 137 (Java). Range: An uncommon visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces and the north- ern plateau. Accipiter trivirgatus indicus (Hodgson) [Astur] Indicus “Parbattiah’’=Hodgson, Bengal Sporting Maga- zine, new ser., vol. 8, October 1836, p. 177 (Nepal). Range: A permanent resident of forested areas in all parts of the country. Accipiter nisus nisosimilis (Tickell) Falco Nisosimilis Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 571 (Marcha, “in Borabhtim’’=Man- bhum District, Chota Nagpur Division, Bihar State, India). Range: Reported on migration or in winter from the northern pla- teau (Chiang Rai) and the central plains (Bangkok). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 7 Accipiter virgatus gularis (Temminck and Schlegel) Astur (Nisus) gularis Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pt. 1, 1844, p. 5, pl. 2 (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and coasts and islands of the Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra. Accipiter virgatus affinis Hodgson [Accipiter] affinis “‘Parbattiah’”’ Hodgson, Bengal Sporting Mag- azine, new ser., vol. 8, October 1836, p. 179 (Nepal). Range: A permanent resident on the eastern plateau, but generally distributed on migration or in winter from Chiang Rai south to Pra- chuap Khiri Khan. Genus BUTEO Lacépéde Buteo burmanicus burmanicus Hume [Buteo] burmanicus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 & 3, January 1875, p. 30 (Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Upper Burma). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from southern Tak (one example, December 21, 1959). Genus BUTASTUR Hodgson Butastur indicus (Gmelin) [Falco] indicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars. 1, 1788, p. 264 (Java, ex Latham). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from all parts of the country, but rare south of the Isthmus of Kra. Butastur liventer (Temminck) Falco liventer Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livre 74,] vol. 1, Sep- tember 1827, pl. 488 and text (Celebes, Sumatra, Java, and India). Range: A permanent resident in deciduous forests of the northern and eastern plateaus and once reported from the central plains. Genus SPIZAETUS Vieillot Spizaetus cirrhatus limnaeetus (Horsefield) Falco Limnezxetus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. |, vol. 13; pt. 1, May 1821, p. 138 (Java). Range: A permanent resident in forested areas of the central plains and the Peninsula to the extreme South. 18 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Spizaetus nipalensis nipalensis (Hodgson) [Nisactus (sic)] Nipalensis Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 52, April 1836, p. 229, pl. 7 (Nepal). Range: Not yet reported from the eastern plateau, but otherwise found on migration or in winter throughout the country to the extreme South. Spizaetus alboniger (Blyth) Nisaétus alboniger Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, March 1845, p. 173 (Malacca). Range: Forested hills of the Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra. Spizaetus nanus nanus Wallace. Spizaetus nanus Wallace, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1868, p. 14, pl. | (Borneo; type specimen from Sarawak, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 1, 1874, p. 272). Range: Lowland forests of the Peninsula south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus HIERAAETUS Kaup Hieraaetus kienerii formosus Stresemann Meraaétus kieneri formosus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 32, No. 4, July 5, 1924, p. 108 (Northern Celebes). Range: Forested areas of the western provinces from Chiang Mai south to Trang. Genus AQUILA Brisson Aquila rapax vindhiana Franklin Aquila Vindhiana Franklin, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 10, Oct. 25, 1831, p. 114 (Vindhya Hills, Vindhya Pradesh State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Aquila clanga Pallas Aquila Clanga Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 351 (“In Rossia Sibiriaque . . ., usque in Camtschatcam’’). Range: A visitor from Northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the central plains (Nakhon Sawan, Bangkok), and the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 19 Genus ICTINAETUS Blyth Ictinaetus malayensis (Temminck) Falco malayensis ‘“Reinw.”’ Temminck, ir Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, _ [livr. 20,] vol. 1, March 1822, pl. 117 and text (‘‘dans toutes les fles du grand archipel des Indes . . . principalement 4 Java et & Sumatra”; type locality restricted to Java, by Kirke Swann, Synopsis of the Accipitres, ed. 2, 1922, p. 115). Range: Forested areas of the western provinces from Chiang Mai to Trang. Genus HALIAEETUS de Savigny Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin) [Falco] leucogaster Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 257 (no locality; ‘the type specimen must have been collected at or near Princes Island flat. 6°36’ S., long. 105°14’ E.],” fide Stresemann, Auk, vol. 67, 1950, p. 82). Range: Common along both coasts to the extreme South. Genus ICTH YOPHAGA Lesson Icthyophaga ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (Horsfield) Falco Ichthyztus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 1386 (Java). Range: Reported from the more extensive marshes of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peuinsular provinces to the extreme South. Icthyophaga nana nana (Blyth) Icthyaétus nanus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, February 1842, p. 202 (Malay Peninsula; type specimen from “the Straits of Malacca,” jide Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 244). Range: A species of forested waterways, reported from the northern plateau and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus TORGOS Kaup Torgos calvus (Scopoli) Vultur (calvus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 85 (Pondicherry, ex Sonnerat). Range: Not yet reported from the eastern plateau, but otherwise found throughout the country to the extreme South. 20 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus GYPS de Savigny Gyps indicus tenuirostris G. R. Gray Gyps tenuirostris “Hodg.’’ G. R. Gray, The genera of birds, vol. 1, pt. 2, June 1844, p. [6, where G. tenwirostris ‘‘(Hodgs.),”’ nomen nudum!], pl. [3] (no locality = Nepal, ex Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 1, 1874, p. 10). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Trang). Gyps bengalensis (Gmelin) [Vultur] bengalensis Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 245 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus CIRCUS Lacépéde Circus melanoleucos (Pennant) Falco melanoleucos Pennant, Indian zoology, 1769, p. 2, pl. 2 (Ceylon). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Circus aeruginosus spilonotus Kaup Clircus]. spilonotus Kaup, Isis von Oken, jahrg. [40], heft 12, 1847, col. 953 (‘‘Asien?”’; type specimen from the Philippine Islands, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 1, 1874, p. 59). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Genus CIRCAETUS Vieillot Circaetus gallicus gallicus (Gmelin) [Falco] gallicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 259 (‘in Gallia’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Genus SPILORNIS G. R. Gray Spilornis cheela burmanicus Kirke Swann Spilornis cheela burmanicus Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 81 (Jobin, Thayetmyo District, Pegu Division, Lower Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 21 Spilornis cheela floweri Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 81 (‘“Tahkaman’=Ban Prachantakham lat. 14°05’ N., long. 101°30’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, and Chanthaburi [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra. Spilornis cheela malayensis Kirke Swann Spilornis cheela malayensis Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 83 (Raub [lat. 3°47’ N., long 101°51’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Common in forested areas from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family PANDIONIDAE Genus PANDION de Savigny Pandion haliaetus haliaetus (Linnaeus) [Falco| Haliztus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 91 (Kurope; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the major streams of the northern plateau and the cen- tral plains, and along the eastern coast as far south as Songkhla. Family FALCONIDAE Genus MICROHIERAX Bowdler Sharpe Microhierax horsfieldii (Lesson) Hierax horsfieldii Lesson, L’Echo du Monde Savant, ann. 10, sér. 2, pt. 7, No. 31, Apr. 27, 1843, col. 728. New name for Falco cerulescens “Linn.” Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, 1821, p. 135 (Java), not [Falco] cerulescens Linnaeus, 1758. Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan [at about lat. 11°40’ N.] to the extreme South. Microhierax caerulescens burmanicus Kirke Swann Microhierax cerulescens burmanicus Kirke Swann, A synoptical list of the Accipitres, 1920, p. 116 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Pegu Division, Lower Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan [at about lat. 11°36’ N.]. 22 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus POLIHIERAX Kaup Polihierax insignis cinereiceps Stuart Baker Polihieraz insignis cinereiceps Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 313, Mar. 25, 1927, p. 101 (Myawadi, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, the western portion of the eastern plateau (Khon Kaen, Nakhon Ratchasima), and the western prov- inces south to Rat Buri. Polihierax insignis harmandi (Oustalet) Falco (Poliohierax) Harmandi Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 6, tome 13 [not earlier than May 13], 1876, p. 57 (Sambor, Kratie Province, Cambodia). Range: Reported only from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Genus FALCO Linnaeus Falco peregrinus japonensis Gmelin [Falco] japonensis Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 257 (‘in insulis Japan’’; type specimen “flew on board off Japan,’ fide Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 91, 1949, p. 253). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Falco severus severus Horsfield Falco severus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 135 (Java). Range: Reported from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Bangkok and Prachuap Khiri Khan. Falco tinnunculus tinnunculus Linnaeus [Falco] Tinnunculus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 90 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains south to Bangkok and Prachuap Khiri Khan. Falco tinnunculus interstinectus McClelland Falco interstinctus McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 154 (Assam State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 23 Order GALLIFORMES Fi amily PHASIANIDAE Genus FRANCOLINUS Oken Francolinus pintadeanus phayrei (Blyth) Plerdiz|. Phayrei Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December ?] 1843, p. 1011 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the central plains as far south as Bangkok. Genus RHIZOTHERA G. R. Gray Rhizothera longirostris longirostris (Temminck) Perdiz Longirostris Temminck, Histoire générale des pigeons et des gallinacés, tome 3, 1815, pp. 323, 721 (Sumatra). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern and peninsular prov- inces from Rat Buri to the extreme South. Genus COTURNIX Bonnaterre Coturnix coturnix japonica Temminck and Schlegel Coturniz vulgaris japonica Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 9-11, 1849, p. 103, pl. 61 (Japan), Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Coturnix chinensis chinensis (Linnaeus) [ Tetrao] chinensis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 277 (‘in China, Philippinis”’; type locality restricted to Nan- king, Kiangsu Province, China, er Edwards, apud Peters). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the cen- tral plains, and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ARBOROPHILA Hodgson Arborophila rufogularis tickelli (Hume) A[rboricola]. tickelli Hume, in Hume and Marshall, The game birds of India, Burmah, and Ceylon, vol. 2, 1880, p. 78 (foot- note), pl. [11] (fig. of head) (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Evergreen forests (at elevations above 4,500 feet) on moun- tains of the northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. 546—019—63——_3 24 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Arborophila brunneopectus brunneopectus (Blyth) Arboricola brunneopectus ‘‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soe. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 276 (“mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’’ Lower Burma). Range: Evergreen forests (at elevations below 4,500 feet) of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and of the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi (possibly Phet Buri). Arborophila cambodiana Delacour and Jabouille Arborophila cambodiana Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 128 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Arborophila diwersa Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, No. 31, Nov. 29, 1930, p. 189 (Khao Sa Bap flat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri). Arborphila charltonii chloropus (Blyth) Tropicoperdiz ‘‘(nobis)’’ chloropus ‘“Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 415 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from ‘‘Thalayé on the Zummee river” [lat. 15°43’ N., long. 98°15’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Tickell, ib2d., No. 5, 1860, p. 454). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus and the southeastern provinces, in bamboo or evergreen forests at low elevations. Arborophila charltonii peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee Arborophila chloropus peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 82, May 20, 1941, p. [1] (Ban Thung Luang [lat. 12°40’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Phet Buri Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces (Phet Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Arborophila charltonii charltonii (Eyton) Perdiz Charitonit Eyton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, No. 105, October 1845, p. 230 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 25 Genus CALOPERDIX Blyth Caloperdix oculea oculea (Temminck) Perdiz oculea 'Temminck, Histoire naturelle générale des pigeons et des gallinacés, vol. 3, 1815, pp. 408, 732 (‘India,” error; type locality corrected to ‘‘central parts of Malay Peninsula,” by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol..5, No; 1, 1921, p. 18). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ROLLULUS Bonnaterre Rollulus rouloul (Scopoli) Phasianus (Rouloul) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae. pt. 2, 1786, p. 93 (Malacca, ex Sonnerat). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus BAMBUSICOLA Gould Bambusicola fytchii fytchii Anderson Bambusicola fytchit Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 1, June 1871, p. 214, pl. 11 (Pangsi [lat. 24°30’ N., long. 97°40’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported only from high elevations in Chaiya Prakan. Genus LOPHURA Fleming Lophura leucomelana lineata (Vigors) Phasianus lineatus “Lath. ms.”’ Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 2, Feb. 1, 1831, p. 24 (“Straits of Malacca,” error; type locality corrected to “Kast Pegu Hills,’ Burma, by Ticehurst, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, 1933, p. 936). Range: Lowland forests of the northwestern provinces from Mae Hong Son to northern Tak. Lophura leucomelana crawfurdii (J. E. Gray) Phasianus Crawfurdii J. E. Gray, in Griffith, The animal king- dom ... by the Baron Cuvier, vol. 8 [Aves, vol. 3], 1829, p. 27 (‘‘Ava,” error; type locality corrected to Hat Sanuk [near Prachuap Khiri Khan], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thai- land, by Deignan, The Auk, vol. 60, 1943, p. 89). Range: Lowland forests of the southwestern and peninsular prov- inces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 26 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Lophura nycthemera jonesi (Oates) Gennexus jonesi Oates, Ibis, ser. 8, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1903 p. 97 (‘a place twenty miles east of Kengtung (N. lat. 21°30’ and E. long. 99°45’),”” Kengtung State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Range: Highland forests of the northern plateau and south along the Dong Phaya Fai Range to Nakhon Ratchasima. Lophura nycthemera lewisi (Delacour and Jabouille) Genneus leuisi Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 125 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: Mountain forests of the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, .Trat). Lophura ignita rufa (Raffles) Phasianus rufus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 321 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to “the neighbourhood of Bencoolen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.],” by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 130). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Lophura diardi (Bonaparte) Euplocomus diardi ‘“Temm.” Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], tome 43, No. 8, [not earlier than August 25], 1856, p. 415 (no locality; type specimen from Cochin-China, fide Peters). Range: Lowland forests of the eastern portion of the northern pla- teau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau, and of the southeastern provinces. Genus GALLUS Brisson Gallus gallus spadiceus (Bonnaterre) Cloturnia]. Spadicea Bonnaterre, Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois régnes de la nature, ornithologie, pt. 1, 1792, p. 218, pl. 96, fig. 1 (“Cape of Good Hope,” ex Latham, error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Boden Kloss, in Robinson, Ibis, 1931, p. 324). Range: The northern plateau, the western portion of the eastern plateau, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Gallus gallus gallus (Linnaeus) [Phasianus] Gallus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 158 (Pulau Kondor [lat. 8°41’ N., long. 106°36’ E.], South China Sea). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND oY Range: The eastern portion of the eastern plateau (along the river Mae Khong from Sakon Nakhon to Khu Khan) and the south- eastern provinces. Genus SYRMATICUS Wagler Syrmaticus humiae burmannicus (Oates) Calophasis burmannicus Oates, Ibis, ser. 7, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1898, p. 124 (“The Ruby Mines district,” Katha District, Sagaing Division, and Kalaw [lat. 20°38’ N., long. 96°34’ E.], Hsamonghkam State, Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Range: Mountain forests of the northwestern provinces (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus POLYPLECTRON Temminck Polyplectron bicalcaratum bicalcaratum (Linnaeus) [Pavo] bicalcaratus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 156 (‘“China,” error; type locality corrected to Thaung- ya Sakan, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, by Lowe, Ibis, 1925, p. 477). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun), and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Polyplectron malacense malacense (Scopoli) Pavo (malacensis) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 93 (Malacca, ex Sonnerat). Range: Evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ARGUSIANUS Rafinesque Argusianus argus argus (Linnaeus) [Phasianus] Argus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 272 (“in Tataria Chinensi,” error; type locality cor- rected to Sumatra, ex Latham). Range: Forests of the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus PAVO Linnaeus Pavo muticus imperator Delacour Pavo muticus imperator Delacour, Ibis, vol. 91, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1949, p. 348 (Plateau des Bolovens, Saravane Province, Laos). Range: Lowland forests of the northern and eastern plateaus and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 28 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus [Pavo] muticus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p- 268 (‘“Japan,” error; type locality corrected to Java, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 538). Range: Lowland forests of the peninsular provinces from the Isth- mus of Kra to the extreme South. Order GRUIFORMES Family TURNICIDAE Genus TURNIX Bonnaterre Turnix sylvatica mikado Hachisuka Turniz sylvatica mikado Hachisuka, The birds of the Philippine Islands, pt. 1, March 16, 1931, p. 167, footnote 1 (Takao, For- mosa). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Turnix tanki blanfordii Blyth Turm«x Blanfordii Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 32, No. 1, 1863, p. 80 (Burma and Arakan; type specimen from Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Upper Burma, fide Peters, Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 2, 1934, p. 145). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the cen- tral plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Turnix suscitator blakistoni (Swinhoe) Areoturnix blakistoni Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 2, October 1871, p. 401 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Turnix suscitator thai Deignan Turniz suscitator thai Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 36, No. 11, Nov. 15, 1946, p. 390 (Nong Boraphet [lat. 15°43’ N., long. 100°14’ E.], Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Turnix suscitator atrogularis (Eyton) Hemipodius atrogularis Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 107 (Malacca). Turniz suscitator interrumpens Robinson and Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 320, Jan. 26, 1928, p. 60 (Ban THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 29 Krasom [lat. 8°24’ N., long. 98°25’ E.], Phangnga Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family GRUIDAE Genus GRUS Pallas Grus antigone sharpii Blanford Grus (Antigone) sharpu Blanford, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 5, No. 30, Nov. 30, 1895, p. vii (Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Trang. Family RALLIDAE Genus RALLUS Linnaeus Rallus aquaticus indicus Blyth Rallus indicus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2 {not earlier than August] 1849, p. 820 (Lower Bengal; type specimens from “‘the vicinity of Calcutta,’ Bengal State, India, fide Blyth, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, 1852, p. 286). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains. Rallus striatus albiventer Swainson Rallus albiventer Swainson, Animals in menageries, pt. 3, Dec. at b1837, ps oa (undia): Range: Found throughout the year in marshes of the northern plateau and the central plains and reported (perhaps only on migra- tion or in winter) from the peninsular provinces (Phuket, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus RALLINA G. R. Gray Rallina fasciata (Raffles) Rallus fasciatus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 328 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to ‘the neighbourhood of Bencoolen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.],”’ by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, 1927, p. 130). Range: Very rare in evergreen forests of the northern provinces, uncommon (perhaps only on migration or in winter) in the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. 30 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Rallina eurizonoides amauroptera (Jerdon) P{orzana]. amauroptera “Blyth” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 725 (Northern India). Range: Reported from evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (Phet Buri). Rallina eurizonoides telmatophila Hume Rallina telmatophila Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 7, Nos. 1 & 2, August 1878, p. 142 (‘‘a few miles inland from Malacca’’). Range: Evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). Genus PORZANA Vieillot Porzana pusilla pusilla (Pallas) Rallus pusillus Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 700 (Dauria). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Phatthalung). Porzana fusca bakeri Hartert Porzana fusca bakeri Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 24, No. 1, May 16, 1917, p. 272 (Bhim Tal, Almora District, Kumaun Division, Uttar Pradesh State, India). Range: Present throughout the year in marshes of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Porzana paykullii (Ljungh) Rallus Paykullii Lijungh, Kong]. [Svenska] Vet. Acad. Handl., fér ar 1813, [not earlier than July 21,] 1813, p. 258, pl. 5 (Borneo and Java). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok). Porzana cinerea cinerea (Vieillot) Porphyrio cinereus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 28, 1819, p. 29 (‘Le pays... m’est inconnu’’; type specimen from Java, fide Pucheran, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 3, 1851, p. 563). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 31 Genus AMAURORNIS Reichenbach Amaurornis phoenicurus chinensis (Boddaert) Fulica chinensis Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez, 1783, p. 54 (China, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 896; type locality restricted to Hongkong, by Stresemann, Nov. Zool., vol. 20, 1913, p. 304). Range: Very common in every part of the country. Genus GALLICREX Blyth Gallicrex cinerea cinerea (Gmelin) [Fulica] cinerea Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 702 (China). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the southeastern prov- inces (Chanthaburi), and the central plains. Gallicrex cinerea plumbea (Vieillot) Gallinula plumbea Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 12, June 1817, p. 404 (Java). Range: Apparently rare in the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phatthalung, Pattani). Genus GALLINULA Brisson Gallinula chloropus indica Blyth Gallinula chloropus(?), var. Indicus [sic] Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, 1843, p. 887 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported from marshy areas of the northern plateau and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus PORPHYRIO Brisson Porphyrio porphyrio poliocephalus (Latham) Glallinula]. poliocephala Latham, Index ornithologicus, Suppl., 1801, p. Ixviii (India). Range: Marshy areas of the northern plateau and the central plains (Phitsanulok, Nakhon Sawan). Porphyrio porphyrio viridis Begbie Porphyrio viridis Begbie, The Malayan Peninsula, 1834, p. 515 (Malacca). Porphyrio Edwardsi Elliot, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 1, No. 1, January 1878, p. 98 (Saigon, Cochin China, and Bang- kok, Thailand). Range: Marshy areas of the central plains (including Nakhon Sawan, where it is absolutely sympatric with the preceding form!). a2 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus FULICA Linnaeus Fulica atra atra Linnaeus [Fulica] atra Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 152 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lampang) and the eastern plateau (Chaiyaphum). Family HELIORNITHIDAE Genus HELIOPAIS Bowdler Sharpe Heliopais personata (G. R. Gray) Podica personata G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 16, Mar. 13, 1849, p. 90 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Lampang), the south- eastern provinces (Chanthaburi), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Ko Phangan, Pattani). Order CHARADRIFORMES Family JACANIDAE Genus HYDROPHASIANUS Wagler Hydrophasianus chirurgus (Scopoli) Tringa (Chirurgus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (Luzén Island, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus METOPIDIUS Wagler Metopidius indicus (Latham) [Parra] indica Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 765 (“in Indiz paludosis’’). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Family ROSTRATULIDAE Genus ROSTRATULA Vieillot Rostratula benghalensis benghalensis (Linnaeus) [Rallus] benghalensis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 153 (Asia). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the southeastern provinces (Rayong). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 33 Family CHARADRITDAE Genus VANELLUS Brisson Vanellus duvaucelii (Lesson) Charadrius Duvaucelii Lesson, Dictionnaire des sciences na- turelles, éd. Levrault, tome 42, September 1826, p. 38 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: Along rivers of the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Vanellus cinereus (Blyth) Pluvianus cinereus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 126, June 1842, p. 587 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus and the central plains. Vanellus indicus atronuchalis (Jerdon) L{obivanellus]. atronuchalis “Blyth” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 648 (Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus CHARADRIUS Linnaeus Charadrius dominicus fulvus Gmelin [Charadrius] fulvus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 687 (Tahiti Island, Society Islands). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Charadrius squatarola (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Squatarola Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, by Hartert, Die Végel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 5-6, 1920, p. 1553). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Charadrius placidus J. E. and G. R. Gray Charadrius placidus J. E. and G. R. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., to the 34 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 British Museum, ed. 2, 1863, p. 70 (no locality; type specimen from Nepal, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 24, 1896, p. 263). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Nan). Charadrius dubius curonicus Gmelin [Charadrius] curonicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema na- turae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 692 (Kurland, Latvia). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Charadrius dubius jerdoni (Legge) Ai{gialitis]. jerdoni Legge, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1880, pt. 1, June 1880, p. 39. New name for Agialitis minutus “Pallas” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 641 (‘Aan the Deccan, generally among hills; and also from the top of the Eastern Ghats inland from Nellore’), not Charadrius minutus Pallas, 1811. Range: Reported throughout the year from the northern plateau, the eastern plateau (Loei), and the central plains. Charadrius alexandrinus alexandrinus Linnaeus [Charadrius] alerandrinus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom 1, 1758, p. 150 (“ad Aigypti ex Nilo canalem’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Charadrius alexandrinus nihonensis Deignan Charadrius alerandrinus nihonensis Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 31, No. 3, Mar. 17, 1941. p. 106 (Aomori [lat. 40°49’ N., long. 140°45’ E.], Honshu Island, Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the coasts of the southwestern provinces (Samut Song- khram, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Charadrius peronii Schlegel Charadrius peronii ““Temminck”’ Schlegel, Mus. Hist. Nat. Pays- Bas, vol. 4, 1865, Cursores, p. 33 (“l’Archipel Indien” [type specimens from Borneo, Java, and Semao]; type locality re- stricted [inferentially] to Borneo, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 425). Range: Reported throughout the year from the coasts and islands of the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chanthaburi) and of the penin- THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 35 sular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chumphon, Nakhon Si Tham- marat, Trang). Charadrius mongolus schaferi Meyer de Schauensee Charadrius mongolus schdéferi Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 89, Oct. 20, 1937, p. 340 (‘“‘at Camp 104, a locality about 100 miles due north of Jyekundo,” Tsinghai Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter along the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson Charadrius Leschenaultit Lesson, Dictionnaire des sciences natu- relles, éd. Levrault, tome 42, September 1826, p. 36 (Pondi- cherry, Madras State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter along the coasts of all the maritime provinces. Family SCOLOPACIDAE Genus NUMENIUS Brisson Numenius phaeopus phaeopus (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] Phzopus Linneus, Systema nature, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 146 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northwestern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scopoli) Tantalus (variegatus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (Luzén Island, Philippine Islands, ex Son- nerat). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Trat to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Numenius arquata orientalis C. L. Brehm Numenius orientalis C. L. Brehm, Handbuch der Naturgeschichte aller V6gel Deutschlands . . ., 1831, p. 610 (‘‘Ostindien’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Tham- marat, and along the western coast from Phuket to Trang. 36 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus LIMOSA Brisson Limosa limosa melanuroides Gould Limosa Melanuroides Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, November 1846, p. 84 (Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from the mouth of the river Chao Phaya to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Limosa lapponica lapponica (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] lapponica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 147 (Lappland). Range: A visitor from northwestern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Surat Thani (J¢rgensen, Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift, Arg. 43, 1949, p. 232). Limosa lapponica menzbieri Portenko Limosa lapponica menzbiert Portenko, Auk, vol. 53, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1936, p. 195 (“Russian Mouth,” delta of the river Indigirka, Yakut Autonomous SSR, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Surat Thani (Jgrgensen, Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift, arg. 43, 1949, p. 233). Genus TRINGA Linnaeus Tringa erythropus (Pallas) Scolopax (erythropus) Pallas, in Vroeg, Beredeneerde catalogus Adumbratiunculae, 1764, p. 6 (no locality given = The Nether- lands). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Chainat) and the eastern coast (mouth of the river Chao Phaya, Samut Songkhram). Tringa totanus totanus (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] Totanus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 145 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Tham- marat. Tringa totanus eurhina (Oberholser) Totanus totanus eurhinus Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1195, Apr. 23, 1900, p. 207 (Tso Morari [Chamomeril Lake], Rupshu District, Jammu and Kashmir State, India). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 37 Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat and also on the western coast (Ranong). Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein) Tlotanus]. stagnatilis Bechstein, Ornithologisches Taschenbuch von und fiir Deutschland, theil 2, 1803, p. 292, pl. [29] (Ger- many). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Tham- marat. Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus) Scolopax nebularia Gunnerus, in Leem, Beskrivelse over Fin- markens Lapper, 1767, p. 251 (Trondheim [lat. 63°26’ N., long. 10°25’ E.], Sor-Trondelag County, Norway). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along rivers of the northern plateau and the central plains and along the eastern coast from Trat to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Tringa guttifer (von Nordmann) Totanus guttifer von Nordmann, in Erman, Reise um die Erde durch Nord-Asien . . . Naturhistorischer Atlas [Verzeichniss von Thieren und Pflanzen . . . ], 1835, p. 17 (mouth of the river Okhota [near Okhotsk], Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Songkhram to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Tringa ocrophus Linnaeus [Tringa] Ocrophus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, at bodies of fresh water, from the northern and eastern pla- teaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Tringa glareola Linnaeus [Tringa] Glareola Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, at bodies of fresh water, from the northern and eastern pla- teaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. 38 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus XENUS Kaup Xenus cinereus (Giildenstidt) Scolopax cinerea Giildenstiidt, Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropolitanae, vol. 19, 1775, p. 473, pl. 19 (“ad mare Caspium, circa ostium fluvii Terek ... ,” near Kizlyar, Krasnodar Territory, Ciscaucasia, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Pattani, and also from the western coast (Phangnga). Genus ACTITIS Illiger Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Hypoleucos Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10. tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, whether at bodies of fresh water or along the coasts, from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus HETEROSCELUS Baird Heteroscelus incanus brevipes (Viecillot) Totanus brevipes Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire natur- elle, nouy. éd., tome 6, December 1816, p. 410 (‘Pays inconnu”’; type specimen from Timor, fide Pucheran, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 3, 1851, p. 370). Range: A visitor from northeastern Siberia, reported on migration or in winter from Ranong (one example, 17 May 1955). Genus ARENARIA Brisson Arenaria interpres interpres (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Interpres Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 148 (‘an Europa & America septentrionali’”’; type locality restricted to the island of Gottland, Baltic Sea, by Hartert, Die Végel der paliéarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 5-6, 1920, p. 1566). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Pattani, and also from the western coast (Satun). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 39 Genus PSEUDOSCOLOPAX Blyth Pseudoscolopax semipalmatus (Blyth) Mlacrorhamphus]. semipalmatus ‘Jerdon’’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 17, pt. 1, for March 1848, p. 252 (Calcutta, Calcutta District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Nakhon Si Thammarat, and also from the western coast (Satun). Genus CAPELLA Frenzel Capella nemoricola (Hodgson) Gall{inago]. nemoricola Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, No. 37, Apr. 9, 1836, p. 8 (Nepal). Range: Reported only from the mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Capella stenura (Bonaparte) Scolopax stenura ‘Kuhl’? Bonaparte, Ann. Stor. Nat. [Bologna], tom. 4, fase. 14, 1831, p. 335 (‘nelle isole della Sonda, segna- tamente in quella di Giava . . .’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Capella megala (Swinhoe) Gallinage megala Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 12, October 1861, p. 343 (“between Takoo and Peking, in the neighbourhood of the Peiho River,’’ Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter only from Bangkok (Jgrgensen, Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift, arg. 43, 1949, p. 267). Capella gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus) [Scolopaz] Gallinago Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 147 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the central plains, and the penin- sular provinces (Surat Thani, Phuket). 546—019—63——_4 40 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus SCOLOPAX Linnaeus Scolopax rusticola rusticola Linnaeus [Scolopaz] Rusticola Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 146 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus LYMNOCRYPTES Boie Lymnocryptes minimus (Briinnich) [Scolopaz] Minima Briinnich, Ornithologia borealis, 1764, p. 49 (Kristians6, in the Baltic Sea off Bornholm). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Nakhon Pathom). Genus CALIDRIS Merrem Calidris canutus canutus (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Canutus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 149 (Europe; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast (Samut Prakan, Samut Songkhram). Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield) Totanus tenuirostris Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 192 (Java). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast (Samut Songkhram, Surat Thani) and also from the western coast (Trang). Calidris ruficollis (Pallas) Trynga ruficollis Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 220, 700 (Kulusutai, Chita Province, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat, and also from the western coast (Phuket). Calidris temminckii (Leisler) Tringa Temminckii Leisler, Nachtriige zu Bechsteins Naturge- schichte Deutschlands, heft 1, 1812, pp. 63 [nomen nudum], [64] (Hanau-am-Main, Hesse State, Germany). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND Al Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, at bodies of fresh water, from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Calidris subminuta (Middendorff) Tringa subminuta Middendorff, Reise in den dussersten Norden und Osten Sibiriens, band 2, theil 2, 1853, p. 222, pl. 19, fig. 6 (“das eine auf den Héhen des Westabhanges vom S’tanowdéj- Gebirge [Bach Kékdn] . . . das zweite in der Nahe des Aus- flusses der Udd . . .,”’ Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from vortheastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter, usually at bodies of fresh water, from the northern plateau and the central plains, along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and also from the western coast (Phuket). Calidrus ferruginea (Pontoppidan) [Tringa] Ferrugineus [sic] Pontoppidan, Den danske Atlas eller Konge-riget Dannemark, vol. 1, 1763, p. 624 (no locality giv- en= ‘Islandia & Christiansée,” ex Ornithologia Borealis, p. 54). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Pattani. Genus LIMICOLA Koch Limicola falcinellus falcinellus (Pontoppidan) [Scolopaz] Falcinellus Pontoppidan, Den danske Atlas eller Konge- riget Dannemark, vol. 1, 1763, p. 623, pl. 26 (no locality giv- en=“‘Sielandia,”’ ex Ornithologia Borealis, p. 49). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Samut Prakan. Limicola falcinellus sibirica Dresser Limicola sibirica Dresser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1876, pt. 3, October 1876, p. 674 (China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Samut Prakan. Genus PHILOMACHUS Merrem Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus) [Tringa] Pugnax Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 148 (‘in Europa minus borealv’’; type locality restricted to Sweden, apud Hartert). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southern central plains (Bangkok, Samut Songkhram). 42 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Family RECURVIROSTRIDAE Genus HIMANTOPUS Brisson Himantopus himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus) [Charadrius| Himantopus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 151 (‘an Europa australiore’’). Range: Reported from marshes of the northern plateau (Phayao), the central plains, and along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Family BURHINIDAE Genus BURHINUS Illiger Burhinus oedicnemus indicus (Salvadori) Oedicnemus indicus Salvadori, Atti Soc. Italiana Sci. Nat. [Milano], vol. 8, [not earlier than September] 1865, p. 380 (“Indie Orientali e probabilmente dall’ Imalaja’’). Range: Reported only from the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet, Ayutthaya, Bangkok, Rat Buri). Genus ESACUS Lesson Esacus magnirostris recurvirostris (Cuvier) Gid{icnemus]. recurvirostris Cuvier, Régne animal, nouv. éd., vol. 1, 1829, p. 500, footnote 2 (no locality given=Nepal, apud Stuart Baker). Range: Reported from shores and islands of the major rivers of the northern plateau and the central plains. Esacus magnirostris magnirostris (Vieillot) Gdicnemus magnirostris ‘“Geoffroy-S.-Hilaire” Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 23, September 1818, p. 231, pl. G 39, fig. 1 (mo locality given=Nouvelle- Hollande,” ex pl. G 39, fig 1, tome 28, 1819). Range: Reported from islands off the western coast (Ranong, Satun). Fi amily GLAREOLIDAE Genus GLAREOLA Brisson Glareola maldivarum Forster [Glareola (Pratincola)| Maldivarum J. R. Forster, Faunula indica, ed. 2, 1795, p. 11 (“at open sea, in the latitude of the Maldivia Isles,’ ex Latham, General synopsis of birds, vol. 3, pt. 1, 1785, p. 224, Pratincole, var. B). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 43 Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Phayao, Chiang Mai), the central plains as far south as Prachuap Khiri Khan, and once from the southern peninsular provinces (Songkhla). Glareola lactea Temminck Glareola lactea Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, éd. 2, partie 2, 1820, p. 503 (Bengal). Range: Reported from sandy shores and islands of the major streams of the northern plateau and the central plains. Family STERCORARITDAE Genus STERCORARIUS Brisson Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck) Lestris pomarinus Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, 1814, p. 514 (“Jes régions du cercle arctique; de passage accidentel sur les cétes maritimes de Hollande et de France’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, occurring rarely, but appar- ently regularly, on migration or in winter, in the Inner Gulf between the mouth of the Chao Phaya and Ko Si Chang. Family LARIDAE Genus LARUS Linnaeus Larus brunnicephalus Jerdon L{arus]. brunnicephalus Jerdon, Madras journal of literature and science, vol. 12, No. 29, [not earlier than December] 1840, p. 225 (western coast of the Indian peninsula). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Prachuap Khiri Khan and ascending the Chao Phaya as far as Bangkok and the Mae Khong to Ubon. Genus CHLIDONIAS Rafinesque Chlidenias hybridus javanicus (Horsfield) Sterna Javanica Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 198 (Java). Range: Reported from the central plains, the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and the river Mae Khong as far north as Chiang Rai. Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck) Sterna leucoptera Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, 1815, p. 483 (“les bords de la Méditerranée, les lacs, les riviéres et les marais des pays au-de-la des Alpes’’). 44 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter only from Bangkok. Genus GELOCHELIDON C. L. Brehm Gelochelidon nilotica nilotica (Gmelin) [Sterna] nilotica Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 606 (Egypt). Range: A visitor from western Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Genus HYDROPROGNE Kaup Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas) Sterna caspia Pallas, Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropolitanae, vol. 14, pt. 1, 1770, p. 582, pl. 22, fig. 2 (Caspian Sea). Range: A visitor from western Asia, reported on migration or in winter from Samut Sakhon. Genus STERNA Linnaeus Sterna aurantia J. E. Gray Sterna aurantia J. E. Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, pt. 5, Jan. 25, 1831, pl. 69, fig. 2 (India). Range: Reported only from the rivers Mae Khong (north as far as Chiang Rai) and Mae Ping (mainly below the Gorges). Sterna hirundo tibetana Saunders Sterna tibetana Saunders, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1876, pt. 3, October 1876, p. 649 (Tibet). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter along the eastern coast from Samut Prakan to Nakhon Si Thammarat, along the western coast from Phuket to Satun, and up the river Chao Phaya as far as Pathum Thani. Sterna dougallii bangsi Mathews Sterna dougallit bangsi Mathews, Birds of Australia, vol. 2, pt. 4, Noy. 1, 1912, p. 364 (Fuchow, Fukien Province, China). Range: Reported from islets of the Inner Gulf off Chon Buri and others in the neighborhood of Ko Phangan and Ko Samui. Sterna sumatrana sumatrana Raffles Sterna Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than] November 1822, p. 329 (Sumatra). Range: Reported from islets off the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Thammarat, and also from the western coast (Phuket). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 45 Sterna acuticauda J. K. Gray Sterna acuticauda J. K. Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, pt. 6, Apr. 7, 1831, pl. 70, fig. 3 (Kanpur, Kanpur District, Uttar Pradesh State, India). Range: Reported only from the rivers Mae Khong (north as far as Chiang Rai) and Mae Ping (mainly below the Gorges). Sterna anaethetus anaethetus Scopoli Sterna (Anaethetus) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (Panay Island, Philippine Islands, ez Sonnerat). Range: Reported from numerous islets of the Inner Gulf off Chon Buri. Sterna fuscata nubilosa Sparrman Sterna nubilosa Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fasc. 3, 1788, No. 63, pl. 63 (“Finlandia,” error; type locality corrected to “India orientalis,” ex Sundevall, by Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 31, 1923, p. 41). Range: Reported from the Inner Gulf off the coast of Phet Buri. Sterna albifrons sinensis Gmelin [Sterna] sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 608 (China). Range: Reported along the eastern coast from Chanthaburi to Pattani and on the western coast from Phuket. Sterna albifrons saundersi Hume Sterna Saundersi Hume, in Butler, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3-4, August 1877, pp. 324, 325, 326 (Karachi, West Pakistan). Range: A visitor from the West, reported on migration or in winter from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Sterna bergii cristata Stephens Sterna cristata Stephens, in Shaw, General zoology, vol. 13, pt. 1, February 1826, p. 146 (‘‘China; and many of the south-eastern islands of Asia’’; type locality restricted to China, by Strese- mann, Nov. Zool., vol. 21, 1914, p. 57). Range: Reported along the eastern coast from Chon Buri to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Sterna bergii velox Cretzschmar Sterna Velox Cretzschmar, in Riippell, Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika, abth. 1, Zoologie, hft. 5, 1827, p. 21, pl. 13 (“die Ktisten des rothen Meeres’’). Range: Reported along the western coast (Satun). 46 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Sterna zimmermanni Reichenow Sterna zimmermanni Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 11, No. 6, June 1903, p. 82 (Kiaohsien, Shantung Province, China). Range: A visitor from the coast of China, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus ANOUS Stephens Anous stolidus pileatus (Scopoli) Sterna (pileata) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 92 (no locality given=Philippine Islands, ez Sonnerat). Range: Reported from islets of the Inner Gulf of Siam off Chon Buri. Order COLUMBIFORMES Family COLUMBIDAE Genus TRERON Vieillot Treron apicauda apicauda Blyth Trleron]. apicauda ‘‘Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, [not earlier than May 22,] 1846, p. 854 (‘‘the south-eastern Himalaya and the hill ranges of Assam; being tolerably common at Darjeeling’’). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Treron seimundi seimundi (Robinson) Sphenocercus seimundi Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 160, May 12, 1910, p. 98 (Semangko Pass, Selangor- Pahang border, Malaya). Range: Reported once from the northern plateau (Nan) and once from the central plains (Bangkok). Treron sphenura sphenura (Vigors) Vinago sphenura Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 173 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to ‘the Simla-Almora area,’ Himachal Pradesh State, India, by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 472). Range: Reported from evergreen forests of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 47 Treron sieboldii murielae (Delacour) Sphenurus sieboldi muriele Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 316, July 14, 1927, p. 152 (Hanoi [lat. 21°02’ N., long. 105°50’ E.], Hanoi Province, and Tam Dao [lat. 21°27’ N., long. 105°40’ K.], Vinhyen Province, Tongking. Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Treron curvirostra nipalensis (Hodgson) Toria Nipalensis Hodgson, Asiatick Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 164, pl. 9 (Nepal). Range: Forested areas of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Treron curvirostra chaseni Stresemann Trleron]. curvirostra chaseni Stresemann, Auk, vol. 67, No. 1, Jan. 30, 1950, p. 82 (Rawang, Selangor State, Malaya). Range: Forested areas of the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Treron pompadora phayrei (Blyth) Osmotreron Phayrei Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 31, No. 3, 1862, p. 344 (‘‘Asdém, Sylhet, Arakan, Pegu, Martaban, . . . Lower Bengal”; type locality here restricted to Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Lower Burma, ex Blyth, zbid., p. 331). Range: Forested areas of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and of the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Treron fulvicollis fulvicollis (Wagler) Clolumba]. fulvicollis Wagler, Systema avium, pars 1, 1827, Columba, sp. 8, p. [229] (Java, error; type locality corrected to Sumatra, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 1, 1921, p. 30). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Treron olax (Temminck) Columba olax Temminck, 7n Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 41,] vol. 4, De- cember 1823, pl. 241 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 48 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Treron vernans griseicapilla Schlegel [Treron] griseicapilla Schlegel, Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, deel 1, afd. 2, 1863, p. 71 (‘‘SSumatra et... Bangka’”’; type locality restricted to Sumatra, by Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, p. 32, and further restricted to “Oédte S.O. de Sumatra,”’ by Junge, Temminckia, vol. 1, 1936, p. 6). Dendrophassa vernans abbotti Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 14, No. 13, July 19, 1924, p. 298 (Ban Tha Chin flat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°34’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Lamphun), the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to the extreme South. Treron bicincta bicineta (Jerdon) V[inago]. bicincta Jerdon, Madras Journal of Literature and Science, vol. 12, No. 28, [not earlier than Sept. 22], 1840, p. 13 (“near sea coast, south of Tellicherry,’’ Malabar District, Madras State, India). Treron bisincta [sic] praetermissa Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 203 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Nong Khai, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Tak to Trang. Treron capellei magnirostris Strickland Treron magnirostris Strickland, in Blyth, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 14, No. 89, August 1844, p. 116, footnote ({[Malacca]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Treron phoenicoptera psuedo-crocopus (Gyldenstolpe) Sphenocercus pseudo-crocopus Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 29 (Sathani Pang Hua Phong [lat. 18°25’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Lampang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from all the provinces of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak and Kamphaeng Phet. Treron phoenicoptera viridifrons Blyth Tr\eron). viridifrons Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, [not earlier than May 22], 1846, p. 849 (“‘the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen probably erroneously said to have come from Mergui, by Sclater, Ibis, 1892, p. 86; type locality here restricted to Moulmein, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 49 Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (Kan- chanaburi). Treron phoenicoptera annamensis (Ogilvie-Grant) Crocopus annamensis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 23, No. 150, March 31, 1909, p. 67 (Nha Trang [lat. 12°15’ N., long 109°11’ E.], Nha Trang Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Loei, Khon Kaen, Nakhon Phanom). Genus PTILINOPUS Swainson Ptilinopus jambu (Gmelin) [Columba] Jambu Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 784 (Java, error; type locality corrected to Sumatra, ex Marsden, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 539). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Genus DUCULA Hodgson Ducula aenea sylvatica (Tickell) Columba Sylvatica Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 581 (“jungles of Borabhim and Dholbhim’”=Manbhum and Singhbhum Districts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Ducula bicolor (Scopoli) Columba (bicolor) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 94 (“Nova Guiana’”’= New Guinea, ex Sonnerat). Range: Reported from islets off the eastern coast and once from the coast itself (Chumphon). Ducula badia griseicapilla Walden Ducula griseicapilla Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 16, No. 93, September 1875, p. 228 (Karen Hills, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the western provinces south to Phet Buri. Ducula badia obscurata Conover Ducula badia obscurata Conover, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, No. 1, Mar. 12, 1930, p. 1 (Ban Bang Phra [lat. 12°15’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Forests of the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Trat). 50 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus COLUMBA Linnaeus Columba livia intermedia Strickland Columba intermedia Strickland, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, No. 81, January 1844, p. 39 ({India]). Range: Long ago introduced from India and now ferine near human habitation in all parts of the country. Columba pulchricollis Blyth Clolumba]. pulchricollis “Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 168, 1846, p. 866 (‘‘the wooded region of the eastern Himalaya’’= Nepal, ex Hodgson). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Columba punicea Blyth OCf[olumba]. (Alsocomus) puniceus ‘“Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 125, May 1842, p. 461 (Chaibasa, Singbhum District, Bihar State, India.) Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Phet Buri to Satun (south of the Isthmus of Kra reported mainly from islands off the western coast). Genus MACROPYGIA Swainson Macropygia unchall tusalia (Blyth) “Oolumba (Macropygia, Swainson,) [tusalia, Hodgson.]” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, November 1843, p. 936 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Evergreen forests of the northwestern provinces south to Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Macropygia ruficeps assimilis Hume Macropygia assimilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 4, June 1874, p. 441 (“in the Tenasserim hills north-east [szc] of Moulmein”; specimens from Kawludo, Salween District, and Mulayit, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 420). Range: Evergreen forests of the northwestern provinces south to Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus STREPTOPELIA Bonaparte Streptopelia orientalis Ihasae (Walton) Turtur lhase Walton, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 15, No. 117, July 10, 1905, p. 92 (Lhasa, Tibet). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 51 Range: Reported from the northern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), where perhaps present only on migration or in winter. Streptopelia orientalis agricola (‘Tickell) Clolumba]. Agricola Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 581 (‘Jungles of Borabhtim and Dholbhtim’”’= Manbhum and Singhbhum Districts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai) and the east- ern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Ubon). Streptopelia tranquebarica humilis (Temminck) Columba humilis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 44,] vol. 4, March 1824, pl. 259 and text (‘‘au Bengale et dans Vile de Lugon. . . . & Manille . . .”’; type locality [inferentially] restricted to Luzén Island, Philippine Islands, by Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, volz:9) pt. 2;-1875, p. 219). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Streptopelia chinensis vacillans Hartert Streptopelia chinensis vacillans Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 23, No. 1, Apr. 14, 1916, p. 83 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the northern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao). Streptopelia chinensis tigrina (Temminck) Columba Tigrina Temminck, in Knip, Les pigeons, tome 1, 1810, les colombes, p. 94, pl. 43 (Timor. . . . Batavia’’; type local- ity restricted to Java, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 423). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus GEOPELIA Swainson Geopelia striata striata (Linnaeus) [Columba] striata Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 282 (‘in India orientali”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 5, 1928, p. 258). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South, but introduced onto the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains (Bangkok). 52 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CHALCOPHAPS Gould Chaleophaps indica indica (Linnaeus) [Columba] indica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 164 (“in India orientali” ; type locality restricted to Calcutta, Calcutta District, Bengal State, India, apud Stuart Baker). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and of the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus CALOENAS G. R. Gray Caloenas nicobarica nicobarica (Linnaeus) [Columba] nicobarica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 164 (‘in insula Nicombar prope Pegu indicum’’). Range: Reported from islets off both coasts of the peninsular prov- inces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Order PSITTACIFORMES Family PSITTACIDAE Genus PSITTACULA Cuvier Psittacula eupatria siamensis (Boden Kloss) Palzornis eupatria siamensis Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 2, No. 3, May 1917, p. 219 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao flat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the eastern plateau, the northern portion of the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Psittacula alexandri fasciata (P. L. S. Miiller) Psittacus fasciatus P. L. S. Miller, Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band, 1776, p. 74 (Pondicherry, ex Buffon, error; type locality corrected to Arakan Division, Burma, by Tice- hurst, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, 1933, p. 934). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phangnga. Psittacula roseata juneae Biswas Psittacula roseata juneae Biswas, Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 1500, Apr. 5, 1951, p. 5 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 53 Psittacula finschii (Hume) Palzornis Finschit Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 509 (‘chiefly in the neighbourhood of Kollidoo,” Sal- ween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao) and the eastern plateau. Genus PSITTINUS Blyth Psittinus cyanurus cyanurus (Forster) [Psittacus] cyanurus Forster, Faunula indica, ed. 2, 1795, p. 6 (Malacca, ex Latham). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus LORICULUS Blyth Loriculus vernalis vernalis (Sparrman) Psittacus vernalis Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fasc. 2, 1787, No. 29 and pl. (no locality; Cachar District, Assam State, India, designated as type locality by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, No. 2, 1922, p. 333). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Loriculus vernalis phileticus Deignan Loriculus vernalis phileticus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 207 (Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Loriculus galgulus (Linnaeus) [Psittacus] Galgulus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 103 (“India,”’ error; type locality corrected to ‘‘Malay Peninsula, Malacca,” by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 542). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala). Order CUCULIFORMES Family CUCULIDAE Genus CLAMATOR Kaup Clamator coromandus (Linnaeus) [Cuculus] coromandus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 171 (Coromandel Coast of India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. o4 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CUCULUS Linnaeus Cuculus sparverioides sparverioides Vigors Cuculus sparverioides Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 173 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to ‘the Simla-Almora area,’’ Himachal Pra- desh State, India, by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 472). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Cuculus varius Vahl Cuculus Varius Vahl, Skrivter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet [Kj6- benhavn], aarg. 4, hefte 1, 1797, p. 61 (Tranquebar, Tanjore District, Madras State, India). Range: Once reported from the northern peninsular provinces (Pra- chuap Khiri Khan). Cuculus fugax nisicolor Blyth C[uculus]. nisicolor Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, November 1843, p. 943 (Nepal). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and, on migration or in winter, the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Satun. Cuculus fugax fugax Horsfield Cuculus fugax Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 178 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Cuculus vagans 8. Miiller Cuclulus|. vagans S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuur- lijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezit- tingen . . . Land-en Volkenkunde, pt. 8, Sept. 20, 1845, p. 233, footnote (Java). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri) and the peninsular provinces from Chumphon south to Phuket. Cuculus micropterus micropterus Gould Cuculus micropterus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, No. 60, Dec. 5, 1838, p. 137 (Himalayas). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and, on migration or in winter, the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Cuculus micropterus concretus S. Miiller Cuculus concretus 8. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen .. . THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 55 Land- en Volkenkunde, pt. 8, Sept. 20, 1845, p. 236, footnote (Java). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert, Die Végel der paliarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 1, February 1912, p. 948 (Shillong, Khasi and Jaintia Hills District, Assam State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Cuculus saturatus saturatus Blyth Cluculus]. saturatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, November 1843, p. 942 (no locality; type speci- mens from Nepal, fide Shelley, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 19, 1891, p. 254). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Cuculus poliocephalus poliocephalus Latham [Cuculus| poliocephalus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1 1790, p. 214 (India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok). Genus CACOMANTIS S. Miller ) Cacomantis sonneratii sonneratii (Latham) [Cuculus] Sonnerativi Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 215 (India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Cacomantis sonneratii malayanus (Chasen and Boden Kloss) Penthoceryx sonnerati matayanus Chasen and Boden Kloss, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 5, August 1931, p. 84 (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Cacomantis merulinus querulus Heine Cacomantis querulus Heine, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 11, hft. 5, No. 65, [not earlier than November] 18638, p. 352. New name for Polyphasia tenuirostris “Gray” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 1, 1862, p. 335 (‘Lower Bengal, and in all the countries to the East, as Assam, Sylhet, Burmah, and even so far as 546-019—63——5 56 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 China’’), not Cuculus tenwirostris Gray, 1834=Cuculus pas- serinus Vahl, 1797. Range: Reported from every part of the country, but perhaps found only on migration or in winter in the more southern peninsular provinces. Cacomantis merulinus threnodes Cabanis and Heine Olacomantis]. threnodes Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, | theil 4, heft 1, 1862, p. 19 (Malacca). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani). Cacomantis variolosus sepulcralis (S. Miller) Oluculus)]. sepulcralis S. Miller, Verhandelingen over de natuur- lijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezit- tingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pt. 6, June 12, 1848, p. 177, footnote (Java and Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus CHRYSOCOCCYX Boie Chrysococcyx maculatus (Gmelin) [Trogon] maculatus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné. . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 404 (Ceylon). Chrysococcyx schomburgki Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1864, pt. 1, May 1864, p. 73 (Thailand; type locality here restricted to Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.]). Range: Reported in summer only from the northern plateau, but on migration or in winter also from the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces south to Trang and Phatthalung. Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus limborgi Tweeddale Chrysococcyx limborgi Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1877, pt. 2, August 1877, p. 366 (‘Base of Miulé-it range,” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Chrysococcyx malayanus malayanus (Raffles) Cuculus Malayanus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 286 (Malay Penin- sula). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 57 Genus SURNICULUS Lesson Surniculus lugubris dicruroides (Hodgson) Pseudornis Dicruroides Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 8, pt. 1, No. 86, 1839, p. 136, pl. (Nepal). Range: Reported in summer only from the northern plateau, but on migration or in winter also from the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, Oct. 26, 1912, p. 5 (Tana Bala Island, Batu Group, Barussan Islands, Indian Ocean off Sumatra). Range: The southeastern provinces and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus EUDYNAMYS Vigors and Horsfield Eudynamys scolopacea chinensis Cabanis and Heine E{udynamis]. chinensis Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, theil 4, heft 1, 1862, p. 52, footnote (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: Reported in summer from the northern and eastern plateaus, but on migration or in winter also from the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Eudynamys scolopacea malayana Cabanis and Heine Efudynamis]. malayana Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, theil 4, heft 1, 1862, p. 52 (‘‘SSunda-Inseln” and Sumatra). Range: The southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus PHAENICOPHAEUS Stephens Phaenicophaeus diardi diardi (Lesson) Melias Diardi Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 2, May 1830, p. 132 (Java, error; type locality corrected to Sumatra, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 545). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) Cuculus Sumatranus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 287 (“Sumatra and the adjacent islands’’). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 58 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Phaenicophaeus tristis saliens (Mayr) Rhopodytes tristis saliens Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 2, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1938, p. 306 (Chapa [lat. 22°20’ N., long. 103°50’ E.], Laokay Province, Tongking). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao, Lampang, Phrae, Nan). Phaenicophaeus tristis longicaudatus Blyth Phenicophxus longicaudatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 10, pt. 2, No. 119, 1842, p. 923 (Tenasserim Division, Burma; type specimen “procured in the vicinity of Maulmain,”’ Amherst District, fide Blyth, ibid., p. 917.) Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus chlorophaeus (Raffles) Cuculus chloropheus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13,. pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 288 (‘forests of Sumatra’’). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus javanicus pallidus (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 203 (Gunong Jerai [lat. 5°47’ N., long. 100°26’ E.], State of Kedah, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Phaenicophaeus curvirostris singularis (Parrot) Rhamphococcyx curvirostris singularis Parrot, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., klasse 2, band 24, abt. 1, 1907, p. 186 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus CARPOCOCCYX G. R. Gray Carpococcyx renauldi Oustalet Carpococcyx Renauldi Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. [Paris], tome 2, No. 7, Dec. 21, 1896, p. 314 (Quangtri Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima) and the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 59 Genus CENTROPUS Illiger Centropus sinensis intermedius (Hume) Clentrococcyx]. intermedius Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 454 (“‘the Dhoon, Dacca, and Thayet myo”; type locality restricted to Thayetmyo District, Magwe Divi- sion, Burma, by Stresemann, Nov. Zool., vol. 20, 1913, p. 322). Range: Common in every part of the country, expecting the south- ernmost peninsular provinces. Centropus sinensis eurycercus Blyth Clentropus]. eurycercus “A. Hay” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Ben- gal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, August 1845, p. 551 (Malacca). Range: Common in the three southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Centropus toulou bengalensis (Gmelin) [Cuculus] bengalensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné. . . Systema natu- rae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 412 (Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from southern China, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Centropus toulou chamnongi Deignan Centropus toulou chamnongi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 68, No. 23, Oct. 31, 1955, p. 146 (Ban Khlong Khlung [lat. 16°10’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Centropus toulou javanensis Dumont Centropus javanensis Dumont, Dictionnaire des sciences natu- relles, éd. Levrault, tome 11, 1818, p. 144 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Order STRIGIFORMES Family TYTONIDAE Genus TYTO Billberg Tyto alba stertens Hartert Tyto alba stertens Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 35, No. 2, Sept. 30, 1929, p. 98 (Silchar, Cachar District, Assam State, India). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon), and the central plains. 60 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Family STRIGIDAE Genus PHODILUS Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire Phodilus badius badius (Horsfield) Strix badia Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 1389 (Java; type specimens ‘‘from . . . the dis- trict of Pugar [lat. 8°22’ S., long. 113°28’ E.], and from the ranges of low hills south of the capital of Surakarta [lat. 7°33’ S., long. 110°50’ E.],” fide Horsfield, Zoological researches in Java, No. 4, June 1822, text accompanying pl. [37)). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak), the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Genus OTUS Pennant Otus sagittatus (Cassin) Ephialtes sagittatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 4, No. 6, [not earlier than Dec. 26], 1848, p. 121 (‘‘India?” and Malacca). Range: Reported from evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Trang, Narathiwat). Otus spilocephalus siamensis Robinson and Boden Kloss Otus luciae siamensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Fed- erated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 4, December 1922, p. 261 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak) and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Otus scops stictonotus (Bowdler Sharpe) Scops stictonotus Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 2, 1875, p. 54, pl. 3, fig. 2 (China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai), the central plains (Bangkok), the peninsular provinces (Phuket, Trang), and the islet Ko Tao [in the Gulf of Siam off Chumphon]. Otus scops distans Friedmann and Deignan Otus senegalensis distans Friedmann and Deignan, Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 29, No. 7, July 15, 1939, p. 287 (Sathani Mae Tha [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Lamphun) and the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 61 Otus bakkamoena lettia (Hodgson) [Scops] Lettia Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 176 (Nepal). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces (Kanchana- buri). Otus bakkamoena condorensis Boden Kloss Otus bakkamoena condorensis Boden Kloss, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., vol. 8, No. 2, November 1930, p. 81 (Pulau Kon- dor, about 45 miles off the coast of Cochin-China). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus BUBO Duméril Bubo nipalensis nipalensis Hodgson [Bubo] Nipalensis Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 172 (Nepal). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Bubo sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) Strix Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 279 (Sumatra). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isth- mus of Kra. Bubo coromandus klossii Robinson Bubo coromandus. klossii Robinson, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 4, Nos. 3 & 4, November 1911, p. 246 (Gunong Semanggol [lat. 5°00’ N., long. 100°40’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus KETUPA Lesson Ketupa zeylonensis leschenault (Temminck) Strix leschenault Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 4,] vol. 2, Novem- ber 1820, pl. 20 and text (‘‘provinces orientales de |’Inde’’; type locality inferentially restricted to Chandernagore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, Fauna of Brit- ish India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 4, 1927, p. 409). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. 62 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Ketupa ketupu aagaardi (Neumann) Bubo ketupu aagaardi Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 55, No. 386, Apr. 30, 1935, p. 138 (Ban Bang Nara= Muang Nara- thiwat [lat. 6°25’ N., long. 101°50’ E.], Narathiwat Province, Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces (Trat) and the peninsular prov- inces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus GLAUCIDIUM Boie Glaucidium brodiei brodiei (Burton) Noctua Brodiei Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 34, Feb. 12, 1836, p. 152 (“apud Montes Himalayenses”’; type lo- cality restricted to Simla, Simla District, Punjab State, India, apud Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 4, 1927, p. 450). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Surat Thani. Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 309, Nov. 27, 1926, p. 59 (‘“‘Noongzai-ban, the low westernmost ridge of the Western hills,’ Chief Com- missioner’s State of Manipur, India, fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 11, 1888, p. 51; type specimen probably from about lat. 24°48’ N., long. 93°12’ E., where the ridge is crossed by the Lakhipur-Imphal trail). Range: The northernmost provinces of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao). Glaucidium cuculoides briigeli (Parrot) Athene cuculoides briigeli Parrot, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern 1907, band 8, Nov. 14, 1908, p. 104 (““Bangkok,”’ error; type locality corrected to Ban Sam Khok [lat. 14°05’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thailand, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 179). Range: The northern plateau (excepting the provinces mentioned just above), the eastern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Chumphon. Glaucidium cuculoides deignani Ripley Glaucidium cuculoides deignani Ripley, Zoologica [New York], vol. 33, pt. 4, Nos. 13 & 14, Dec. 31, 1948, p. 200 (Ban Nong Kho [lat. 13°10’ N., long. 101°05’ E.J], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces, THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 63 Genus NINOX Hodgson Ninox scutulata florensis (Wallace) Athene florensis Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt.3, February 1864, p. 488 (Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from islands off the western coast (Trang). Ninox scutulata burmanica Hume N{inoz]. burmanica Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 4, Nos. 4, 5, & 6, December 1876, p. 285 (Pegu and Tenasserim; type locality inferentially restricted to Tenasserim, by Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 40; here further restricted to Kyauknyat [lat. 18°16’ N., long. 97°31’ E.], Salween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Rat Buri. Ninox scutulata scutulata (Raffles) Strix scutulata Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 280 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus ATHENE Boie Athene brama mayri Deignan Athene brama mayri Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 396 (Udon=Ban Mak Khaeng [lat. 17°25’ N., long. 102°45’ E.], Udon Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the eastern plateau (Udon Thani, Nakhon Phanom, Khon Kaen, Sara Buri), the southeastern provinces (Chon Burt), the central plains, and the western provinces south to Rat Buri. Genus STRIX Linnaeus Strix selo-puto selo-puto Horsfield Striz Selo-puto Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Sec. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 140 (Java). Range: The eastern plateau (Chaiyaphum), the central plains (Pathum Thani, Samut Sakhon), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Strix leptogrammica laotiana Delacour Strix newarensis laotianus [sic] Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 11 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N., long. 103°22’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). 64 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Strix leptogrammica maingayi (Hume) [Syrnium] maingayi Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, pp. 27-28 ([Malacca]). Striz indranee rileyi E. H. Kelso, Auk, vol. 54, No, 3, July 2, 1937, p. 305 (Khao Nok Ra [lat. 7°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ASIO Brisson Asio flammeus flammeus (Pontoppidan) [Strix] Flammea Pontoppidan, Den danske Atlas eller Konge-riget Dannemark, vol. 1, 1763, p. 617, pl. 25 (no locality given= Sweden, ex Fauna Svecica; type locality restricted to “Southern Sweden,” by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 428). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains (Bangkok). Order CAPRIMULGIFORMES Family PODARGIDAE Genus BATRACHOSTOMUS Gould Batrachostomus auritus (J. E. Gray) Podargus Auritus “Vigors & Horsfield’” J. E. Gray, in Cuvier, The animal kingdom, ed. Griffith and Pidgeon, vol. 7, 1829, p. 114 and pl. (no type locality given=Sumatra, ex Vigors, in Raffles, Memoirs, 1830, p. 652). Range: Reported only from Nakhon Si Thammarat (Heine and Reichenow, Nomenclator Musei Heineani Ornithologici, 1890, p. 159). Batrachostomus stellatus (Gould) Podargus Stellatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, No. 52, Dec. 5, 1837, p. 43 (‘“Java,” error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 542). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Krabi). Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 22, heft 2, Oct. 30, 1937, p. 320 (Dak To [lat. 14°42’ N., long. 107°49’ E.], Kontoum Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 65 Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 22, heft 2, Oct. 30, 1937, p. 327 (Valley of the Thaungyin, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from Phet Buri to Chumphon and the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). Family CAPRIMULGIDAE Genus EUROSTOPODUS Gould Eurostopodus macrotis cerviniceps (Gould) Lyncornis cerviniceps Gould, Icones avium, pt. 2 [Monograph of the Caprimulgidae, pt. 1], August 1838, pl. [14] and text (‘China or the adjacent islands,” error; type locality corrected to Trang Province, Thailand, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 2, 1923, p. 140). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains (Bangkok), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus CAPRIMULGUS Linnaeus Caprimulgus indicus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel Caprimulgus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel, zn Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 37, pll. 12 o&, 13 2 (Wapan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the penin- sular provinces (Trang). Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bom- bay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 38, No. 1, Aug. 15, 1935, p. 37 (Abbot- tabad, Hazara District, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan). Range: Reported from the central plains (Nakhon Sawan) and the island Pulau Terutau [off the coast of Satun]. Caprimulgus macrurus bimaculatus Peale Caprimulgus bimaculatus Peale, U.S. Exploring Expedition, vol. 8, 1848, p. 170 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. 66 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Caprimulgus asiaticus asiaticus Latham [Caprimulgus| asiaticus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 2, 1790, p. 588 (Bombay, Bombay State, India). Caprimulgus asiaticus siamensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 85, Feb. 21, 1934, p. 373 (Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting the provinces of Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, and Phayao), the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Caprimulgus affinis monticolus Franklin Caprimulgus monticolus Franklin, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 10; Oct. 25, 1831, p. 116°(*. .-. on the Ganges between Calcutta and Benares, and in the Vindhyian hills between the latter place and Gurrah Mundela, on the Nerbudda,”’ India). Range: The northern plateau (excepting the provinces of Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, and Phayao), the eastern plateau (Loei, Khon Kaen), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western provinces (Kanchanaburi). Order APODIFORMES Family APODIDAE Genus COLLOCALIA G. R. Gray Collocalia maxima maxima Hume Collocalia mazima Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 4, Nos. 1, 2 & 3, January 1876, p. 223 (‘“‘Mergui, Bankasoon,’’ Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Nomen nudum! Collocalia maxima Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, p. 49 (Tenasserim Division, Burma) [quoted in synonymy of Collocalia innominata Hume,1878 (““Mergui, Bankasoon,”’ Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma), not Collocalia innominata Hume, 1873 (Andaman Islands)]. Collocalia lowi robinsoni Stresemann, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 6, December 1931, pp. 83 [nomen nudum!], 98 (Pulau Belitung [an islet south of Pulau Terutau], off the coast of Satun Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The western coast and its offshore islands from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 67 Collocalia brevirostris innominata Hume Collocalia innominata Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, Nos. 2, 3, & 4, February 1873, p. 294 (Andaman Islands; type specimen from Port Mouat, South Andaman Island, fide Hartert, Cata- logue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 16, 1892, p. 503). Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Collocalia brevirostris rogersi Deignan Collocalia brevirostris rogerst Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 118 (Ban Hin Laem [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Limestone crags of the northern and western provinces south to Kanchanaburi, on migration or in winter reported also from the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Surat Thani). Collocalia inexpectata germani Oustalet Collocalia Germani Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 6, tome 13, [not earlier than January 22], 1876, p. 3 (Pulau Kondor, about 45 miles off the coast of Cochin-China). Range: Along the eastern coast from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Songkhla, and the western coast from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Genus CHAETURA Stephens Chaetura cochinchinensis cochinchinensis Oustalet Chetura cochinchinensis Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 7, tome 2, No. 1, 1878, p. 52 (Saigon, Cochin-China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Phrae) and the central plains (Nakhon Sawan). Chaetura gigantea indica Hume Chetura indica [Hume], Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 471 (Andaman Islands and Southern India). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular prov- inces (Phuket). Chaetura gigantea gigantea (Temminck) Cypselus giganteus ‘‘V. Hass.” Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, livr. 61,] vol. 4, August 1825, pl. 364 and text (Bantam district, Java). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Trang). 68 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Chaetura leucopygialis (Blyth) Acanthylis leucopygialis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, for August 1849, p. 809 (Penang Island, Malaya). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Genus APUS Scopoli Apus pacificus pacificus (Latham) Hirundo]. pacifica Latham, Index ornithologicus, suppl., 1801, p. lviii (“New Holland’’; type locality inferentially restricted to New South Wales, by Mathews, Nov. Zool., vol. 18, 1912, p. 292). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Apus pacificus cooki (Harington) Cypselus pacificus cooki Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 31, No. 185, Feb. 27, 1913, p. 57 (caves of the Gokteik Gorge [lat. 22°20’ N., long. 96°52’ E.], Hsipaw State, Northern Shan State, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Apus affinis subfurcatus (Blyth) Cypselus subfurcatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, for August 1849, p. 807 (‘“Malay Peninsula,” fide Sclater, Ibis, 1892, p. 83; type locality commonly restricted to Penang Island, Malaya, one of the localities mentioned by Blyth). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), islets of the Inner Gulf, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Genus CYPSIURUS Lesson Cypsiurus parvus infumatus (Sclater) Cypselus infumatus P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1865, pt. 3, March 1866, p. 602 (Banjermasin, Borneo). Range: Not yet reported from the eastern plateau, but otherwise found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 69 Family HEMIPROCNIDAE Genus HEMIPROCNE Nitzsch Hemiprocne longipennis coronata (Tickell) Hirundo Coronata Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 580 (‘“Jungles of Borabhtim and Dhol- bhim’=Manbhum and Singhbhum Districts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western prov- inces south to Kanchanaburi. Hemiprocne longipennis harterti Stresemann Hemiprocne longipennis harterti Stresemann, Nov. Zool., vol. 20, No. 2, June 17, 1913, p. 339 (Batu Sankahan, Deli district, Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hemiprocne comata comata (Temminck) Cypselus comatus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux [livr. 45], vol. 4, April 1824, pl. 268 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Order TROGONIFORMES Family TROGONIDAE Genus HARPACTES Swainson Harpactes kasumba kasumba (Raffles) Trogon Kasumba Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 282 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Harpactes diardii sumatranus Blasius Harpactes diardi sumatranus Blasius, Mitt. Geogr. Ges. Nat. Mus. Liibeck, reihe 2, heft 10 & 11, Sept. 18, 1896, p. 95 (‘““Malay- ische Halbinsel und Sumatra”’; type locality restricted to Suma- tra, by Riley, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 172, 1938, p. 165). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 70 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Harpactes duvaucelii (Temminck) Trogon duvaucelii Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 49,] vol. 3, August 1824, pl. 291 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Harpactes oreskios stellae Deignan Harpactes oreskios stellae Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 397 (Ban Chiang Dao [lat. 19°20’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Harpactes oreskios uniformis (Robinson) Pyrotrogon oreskios uniformis Robinson, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 7, pt. 3, September 1917, p. 149 (Sathani Lam Phila [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand, and Gunong Jerai (Kedah Peak) [lat. 5°47’ N., long. 100°26’ E.], Kedah State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Harpactes erythrocephalus erythrocephalus (Gould) Trogon erythrocephalus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 16, June 19, 1834, p. 25 (Rangoon, Rangoon Town District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern and western provinces of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak). Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus annamensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 11, vol. 1, No. 3, July 1, 1919, p. 424 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces of the northern plateau and from the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun, Nakhon Ratchasima). Harpactes erythrocephalus klossi (Robinson) Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus klossi Robinson, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 8, 1915, p. 735 (Ko Chang [lat. 12°00’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], off the coast of Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Trat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND we Order CORACIIFORMES Family ALCEDINIDAE Genus CERYLE Boie Ceryle lugubris guttulata Stejneger Ceryle guttulata Stejneger, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 14, No. 904, Aug. 2, 1892, p. 294. New name for Alcedo guttatus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 2, Feb. 1, 1831, p. 22 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to Cachar District, Assam State, India, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1922, p. 314), not Alcedo guttata Bod- daert, 1783. Range: Reported from the western provinces of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Tak). Ceryle rudis leucomelanura Reichenbach Cleryle]. leucomelanura Reichenbach, Icones ad Synopsin Avium, continuatio No. viii, Alcedineae, 1851, p. 21, pl. ceccix b, No. 3488 (Ceylon). Range: Along the broader streams of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai), the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), the central plains, and the western provinces south to Phet Buri. Genus ALCEDO Linnaeus Alcedo atthis bengalensis Gmelin [Alcedo] bengalensis Gmelin, Carolia Linné . . . Systema naturae ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 450 (Bengal State, India). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Alcedo meninting laubmanni Mathews Alcedo laubmanni Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 21. New name for Alcedo Asiatica Swainson, Zoological Illustrations, ser. 1, vol. 1, No. 9, June 1821, pl. 50 and text (‘‘some part of India”; type locality re- stricted to Bengal State, by Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, 1919, p. 37), not Alcedo Asiatica Meuschen, 1787. Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan) and the central plains (Sukhothai). Alcedo meninting verreauxii De la Berge Alcedo Verreauxii De la Berge, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 2, {not earlier than November] 1850, p. 621 (Borneo). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 546-019 63-6 ee U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Alcedo euryzonia peninsulae Laubmann Alcedo euryzonia peninsulae Laubmann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, band 22, hft. 1, Jan. 25, 1941, p. 166. New name for Alcedo nigricans Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 2, 1847, p. 1180 (Malacca), not Alcedo Nigricans Meuschen, 1787. Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Genus CEYX Lacépéde Ceyx erithacus erithacus (Linnaeus) [Alcedo] erithaca Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom 1, 1758, p. 115 (Bengal State, India). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Mai to the extreme South. Ceyx rufidorsus rufidorsus Strickland Ceyx rufidorsa Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, No. 165, Jan. 26, 1847, p. 99 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus PELARGOPSIS Gloger Pelargopsis amauroptera (Pearson) Halcyon Amauropterus Pearson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 10, pt. 2, No. 116, August 1841, p. 635 (near Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: Along the western coast from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Pelargopsis capensis burmanica Bowdler Sharpe Pelargopsis burmanica Bowdler Sharpe, A monograph of the Alcedinide, vol. 1, pt. 8, Apr. 1, 1870, p. [109], pl. 35 (‘“‘Anda- man Islands. .., Burmah.. ., Siam. . ., Tenasserim Proy- inces . . .”’; type specimen from Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 105). Range: Found throughout tbe country from Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra. Pelargopsis capensis malaccensis Bowdler Sharpe Pelargopsis malaccensis Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1870, pt. 1, May 1870, p. 67 (Malay Peninsula). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 73 Genus LACEDO Reichenbach Lacedo pulchella amabilis (Hume) Carcineutes amabilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, De- cember 1873, p. 474 (“the eastern Pegu Hills in the latitude of Thayetmyo,” Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Lacedo pulchella deignani Meyer de Schauensee Lacedo pulchella deignani Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 27 (Nakhon Si Thammarat [lat. 8°25’ N., long. 100°00’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Lacedo pulchella pulchella (Horsfield) Dacelo pulchella Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 175 (‘in a low range of hills about twenty miles south-east of Samarang, known in the central parts of the island by the name of the hills of Prowoto,” Java). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Songkhla, Narathiwat). Genus HALCYON Swainson Halcyon coromanda coromanda (Latham) [Alcedo] coromanda Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 252 (Coromandel Coast of India, ex Sonnerat). Range: The northern plateau (Lamphun), the southeastern provinces (Trat), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Halcyon smyrnensis perpulchra von Madardsz Halcyon perpulchra von Madarasz, Ann. Hist;-Natur. Mus. Nat. Hungarici, vol. 2, pt. 1, Jan. 15, 1904, p. 85 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Halcoyn pileata (Boddaert) Alcedo pileata Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 41 (China, ex Daubenton, pl. 673.) Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from every part of the country to the extreme South. 74 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Haleyon chloris armstrongi Bowdler Sharpe Halcyon armstrong: Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 277, pl. 7, fig. 1 (‘‘the Sunderbunds to Burmah, Tenasserim, and Siam, south to the Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Northern Borneo’’; type specimen from ‘“‘Siam,”’ fide Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 55, 1919, p. 374; type locality here restricted to Bangkok, Thailand). Range: Along the eastern coast from Trat to the Isthmus of Kra. Halcyon chloris humii Bowdler Sharpe Halcyon humi Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 281, pl. 8 (‘Siam to the Malayan Peninsula and Sumatra”; type specimen from Jeram flat. 3°13’ N., long. 101°19’ E.], Selangor State, Malaya, Jide Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 55, 1919, p. 372). Range: Along the whole length of the western coast and along the eastern coast from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Halcyon concreta peristephes Deignan Halcyon concreta peristephes Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sa., vol. 36, No. 12, Dec. 31, 1946, p. 428 (Khao Luang flat. 11°40’ N., long 99°35’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Family MEROPIDAE Genus MEROPS Linnaeus Merops leschenaulti leschenaulti Vieillot Merops Leschenaulti Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 14, September 1817, p. 17 (‘Java,”’ ex Levaillant, error; type locality corrected to Ceylon, by Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 37, 1935, p. 758). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Merops philippinus javanicus Horsfield Merops Javanicus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 171 (Java). Range: Found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South (during the cold season restricted to the southernmost provinces). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 15 Merops orientalis ferrugeiceps Anderson Mlerops|. ferrugeiceps Anderson, Anatomical and zoological researches, 1879, p. 582 (Upper Burma and Yunnan; type locality here restricted to Mandalay, Mandalay District, Mandalay Division, Upper Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Merops viridis viridis Linnaeus [Merops] viridis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 117 (“an Java, Benghala’”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Hartert, Die Vogel der paléarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 1, 1912, p. 863, footnote 1). Range: Reported from the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus NYCTYORNIS Jardine and Selby Nyctyornis amictus (Temminck) Merops amictus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 52,] vol. 4, Novem- ber 1824, pl. 310 and text (Sumatra). Range: The western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the extreme South. Nyctyornis athertoni athertoni (Jardine and Selby) Merops athertoni Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of ornithology, ser. 1, vol. 2, pt. 4, November 1828, pl. 58 and text (India; type locality restricted to Cachar District, Assam State, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1922, p. 314, and corrected to Bangalore, Bangalore District, Mysore State, by Kinnear, Ibis, 1925, p. 751). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Family CORACIIDAE Genus CORACIAS Linnaeus Coracias benghalensis affinis McClelland Coracias affinis McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 164 (Assam State, India). Coracias affinis theresiae Parrot, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern 1907, band 8, Nov. 14, 1908, p. 113 (Thailand). 76 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan (during the cold season reported also from Phuket and Narathiwat). Genus EURYSTOMUS Vieillot Eurystomus orientalis deignani Ripley Eurystomus orientalis deignani Ripley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 55, No. 34, Dec. 31, 1942, p. 171 (Ban Muang Ngop flat. 19°30’ N., long. 100°55’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus. Eurystomus orientalis cyanicollis Vieillot Eurystomus cyanicollis Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 29, May 1819, p. 425 (“dans l’Inde’’; type locality inferentially restricted to Chandernagore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, p. 519). Range: The southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the extreme South. Family UPUPIDAE Genus UPUPA Linnaeus Upupa epops saturata Lénnberg Upupa epops saturata Lénnberg, Arkiv for Zoologi, band 5, No. 9, June 10, 1909, p. 29 (Kyakhta, Buryat Mongol Autonomous SSR, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Upupa epops longirostris Jerdon U[pupa]. longirostris Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 1, 1862, p. 393 (Burma; type locality restricted to Rangoon, Rangoon Town District, Pegu Division, Burma, by Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 4, 1927, p. 312). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND ab Family BUCEROTIDAE Genus BERENICORNIS Bonaparte Berenicornis comatus (Raffles) Buceros comatus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, {not earlier than November] 1822, p. 339 (Sumatra). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Tham- marat, Trang). Genus PTILOLAEMUS Ogilvie-Grant Ptilolaemus tickelli austeni (Jerdon) Anorhinus austen Jerdon, Ibis, ser. 3, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1872, p. 6 (no locality given; type specimen from Asalu, North Cachar Hills, Assam, fide Ogilvie-Grant, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 17, 1892, p. 393). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, northern Tak, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Ptilolaemus tickelli tickelli (Blyth) Buceros Tickelli Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 266 (‘“‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’ Lower Burma; type specimen from the eastern foot of the Dawna Range, Amherst District, jide Tickell, ibid., p. 285). Range: The evergreen forest of the southwestern provinces (south- ern Tak, Kanchanaburi, Rat Buri, Phet Buri). Genus ANORRHINUS Reichenbach Anorrhinus galeritus carinatus (Blyth) Buceros carinatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, March 1845, p. 187 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat to Trang. Genus ACEROS J. E. Gray Aceros nipalensis (Hodgson) Buceros Nipdlensis Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 18, pt. 1, 1829 or 1832, p. 178, figs. 1, 2 ([Nepal]). Range: Evergreen forests of the western provinces from Chiang Mai to southern Tak. 78 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus RHYTICEROS Reichenbach Rhyticeros leucocephalus corrugatus (‘Temminck) Buceros corrugatus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nou- veau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 90,] vol. 2, July 1832, pl. 531 and text (Pontianak [lat. 0°02’ S., long. 109°22’ E.], Borneo). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Rhyticeros undulatus ticehursti Deignan Rhyticeros undulatus ticehursti Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 397 (beside Huai Oi, at a point 14 kilometres north- east of Ban Sop Li [therefore, at about lat. 18°08’ N., long. 100°38’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the east- ern plateau (Loei), the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Rhyticeros undulatus undulatus (Shaw) Buceros undulatus Shaw, General zoology, vol. 8, pt. 1, 1812, p. 26 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Rhyticeros plicatus subruficollis (Blyth) Bluceros]. subruficollis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 1, No. 134, [not earlier than February] 1843, p. 177 (Te- nasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus ANTHRACOCEROS Reichenbach Anthracoceros malayanus (Raffles) Buceros Malayanus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 292 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang, Narathiwat). Anthracoceros albirostris leucogaster (Blyth) Bluceros]. leucogaster Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 10, pt. 2, No. 119, 1842, p. 922 (Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma; type specimen from ‘the vicinity of Maulmain,” Amherst District, fide Blyth, abid., p. 917). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 79 Anthracoceros convexus (Temminck) Buceros convexus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 89,] vol. 2, Feb- ruary 1832, pl. 530 and text (Sumatra, Java, Borneo). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Song- khla, Pattani, Yala). Genus BUCEROS Linnaeus Buceros rhinoceros rhinoceros Linnaeus [Buceros] Rhinoceros Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 104 (“‘India,” error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 543, “because Bontius’ figure, in spite of the locality Java, represents in my opinion the form inhabiting Malacca and Sumatra, and not the Java form, and so do certainly the figures of Willoughby, Adrovandus [sic], and others’’). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Songkhla). Buceros bicornis homrai Hodgson Buceros Homrdi Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 1, No. 6, June 1832, p. 251 (no locality; type specimens from ‘the lesser hills overlooking the plains of India, from the Ganges to the Bramapttr,” fide Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 18, pt. 2, 1833, p. 169). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Buceros bicornis bicornis Linnaeus [Buceros] bicornis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 104 (“China,” error; type locality corrected to Su- matra, by Chasen, Handlist of Malaysian Birds, 1935, p. 105, footnote 1). Range: Evergreen forests of the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus RHINOPLAX Gloger Rhinoplax vigil (J. R. Forster) [Buceres] vigil J. R. Forster, Indische zoologie, 1781, p. 40 (no locality given=Sumatra, ex Edwards). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Trang, Songkhla). 80 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Order PICIFORMES Family CAPITONIDAE Genus MEGALAIMA G. R. Gray Megalaima virens virens (Boddaert) Bucco virens Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 53 (China, ex d’Aubenton, pl. 871). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Megalaima zeylanica hodgsoni Bonaparte Megalaimus [sic] hogdsoni [sic] Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 1, June 24, 1850, p. 144 (Nepal). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai south to the Isthmus of Kra. Megalaima zeylanica lineata (Vieillot) Capito lineatus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire natu- relle, nouv. éd., tome 4, December 1816, p. 500 (‘‘l’Australasie”’ ; type locality restricted to Java, by Stresemann, in Bartels and Stresemann, Treubia, vol. 11, 1929, p. 118). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang, Pattani). Megalaima faiostricta praetermissa (Boden Kloss) Thereiceryx flavostrictus [sic] pretermissus Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 101 (southern China; type specimen from Naochow Island, Kwangtung Province, fide Peters, Checklist of birds of the world, vol. 6, 1948, p. 33). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Lampang, Nan) and the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom). Megalaima faiostricta faiostricta (Temminck) Bucco faiostrictus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 88,] vol. 3, May 1831, pl. 527 and text (Cochin-China). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern prov- inces (Kamphaeng Phet, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Megalaima chrysopogon laeta (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Chotorhea chrysopogon subsp. laetus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 8, pt. 2, December 1918, p. 141 (Bukit Tangga [lat. 2°51’ N., long. 102°00’ E.], Negri Sembilan State, Malaya). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 81 Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Megalaima rafflesii malayensis (Chasen) Chotorhea rafflesii malayensis Chasen, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 43, No. 5, Sept. 26, 1935, p. 147 (Pulau Ubin, near Singapore, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Megalaima mystacophanos mystacophanos (Temminck) Bucco mystacophanos Temminck, 7% Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 53,] vol. 3, December 1824, pl. 315 and text (Sumatra). Cyanops mystacophanes aurantiuifrons Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 25, 1919, p. 100 (Ban Nong Kok [lat. 8°26’ N., long. 98°48’ E.], Krabi Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Megalaima franklinii ramsayi (Walden) Megalema Ramsayi Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 400 (Karen Hills, Burma). Range: The western provinces of the northern plateau from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Megalaima franklinii trangensis (Riley) Cyanops franklin trangensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, No. 23, June 13, 1934, p. 116 (Khao Nam Pliu [lat. 7°35’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Megalaima asiatica davisoni (Hume) Megalaima Davisoni Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 108 (‘‘Tenasserim Central Hills . . . at Meetan and other lower localities,’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The western provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Phet Buri. Megalaima asiatica laurentii (Wells) Cyanops davisoni laurentii Wells, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 280, July 20, 1923, p. 174 (Yuankiang [lat. 23°37’ N.., long. 102°01’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: The eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). 82 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Megalaima asiatica chersonesus (Chasen and Boden Kloss) Cyanops asiatica chersonesus Chasen and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 318, Nov. 25, 1927, p. 46 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Megalaima incognita elbeli (Deignan) Megalaima incognita elbeli Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 207 (Ban Muang Khai [lat. 17°30’ N., long. 101°20’ E.], Loei Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and from the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima). Megalaima incognita euroa (Deignan) Cyanops incognita euroa Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 29, No. 4, Apr. 15, 1939, p. 177 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- ouri, Trat). Megalaima benricii henricii (‘Temminck) Bucco henricit Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 88,] vol. 3, May 1831, pl. 524 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Krabi, Trang). Megalaima australis cyanotis (Blyth) B{ucco]. cyanotis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, May 1847, p. 465 (Arakan Division, Burma). Cyanops australis invisa Deignan, Auk, vol. 58, No. 3, July 9, 1941, p. 398 (Pang Makham Phong [about lat. 19°35’ N., long. 99°06’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau. Megalaima australis stuarti (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Mesobucco duvauceli stuarti Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 25, 1919, p. 100 (Khlong Thung Sai [about lat. 8°00’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 83 Megalaima australis orientalis (Robinson) Mesobucco duvaugli [sic] orientalis Robinson, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 8, 1915, p. 738 (Ok Yam, Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: The eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Megalaima haemacephala indica (Latham) [Bucco] indicus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 205 (India; type locality restricted to Calcutta, Bengal State, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1921, p. 105). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Genus CALORHAM PHUS Lesson Calorhamphus fuliginosus detersus Deignan Calorhamphus fuliginosus detersus Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 80, No. 7, Oct. 3, 1960, p. 121 (Ban Sichon [lat. 9°00’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Family INDICATORIDAE Genus INDICATOR Stephens Indicator archipelagicus Temminck Indicator archipelagicus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 91,] vol. 3, December 1832, pl. 542, fig. 1, and text (Pontianak flat. 0°02’ S., long. 109°22’ E.], Borneo). Range: Reported from the southwestern and peninsular provinces (southern Tak, Trang). Fi amily PICIDAE Genus JY NX Linnaeus Jynx torquilla chinensis Hesse Iynz torquilla chinensis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 181 (China; type specimen from Peiping, Hopeh Province, fide Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 6, 1912, p. 143). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the central plains south to Bangkok. 84 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus PICUMNUS Temminck Picumnus innominatus malayorum Hartert Picumnus innominatus malayorum Hartert, Die Vogel der pala- arktischen Fauna, band 2, heft 1, February 1912, p. 937 (Gunong IJjau [about lat. 4°50’ N., long. 100°48’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loe). Genus SASIA Hodgson Sasia ochracea querulivox Stuart Baker Sasia ochracea querulivor Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 43 (‘“Tippera Hills’ = Chief Commissioner’s State of Tripura, India). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus. Sasia ochracea reichenowi Hesse Sasia ochracea reichenowi Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 181 (Burma; type specimen from Thayet- chaung [lat. 13°52’ N., long. 98°16’ E.], Tavoy District, Tenas- serim Division). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sasia ochracea hasbroucki Deignan Sasia ochracea hasbroucki Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 1, Jan. 31, 1947, p. 25 (Maliwun [lat. 10°15’ N., long. 98°36’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces at the Isthmus of Kra (Chumphon, Ranong). Sasia abnormis abnormis (Temminck) Picumnus abnormis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 62,] vol. 4, September 1825, pl. 371, fig. 3, and text (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus MICROPTERNUS Blyth Micropternus brachyurus phaioceps (Blyth) Plicus]. (M{icropternus].) phaioceps Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 195 (“India proper extending eastwards to Tipperah and THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 85 Arracan”’; the cotypes are, fide Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, 1923, p. 183, the specimens “from the vicinity of Calcutta” listed by Blyth, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, 1849, p. 60). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the southeastern provinces. Micropternus brachyurus williamsoni Boden Kloss Micropternus brachyurus williamsoni Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 107 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.J, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The central plains and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Micropternus brachyurus squamigularis (Sundevall) Picus squamigularis Sundevall, Conspectus avium picinarum, 1866, p. 89 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus PICUS Linnaeus Picus vittatus eisenhoferi Gyldenstolpe Picus vittatus eisenhofert Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (‘Pa Hing” [about lat. 18°15’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Phrae Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the eastern plateau (along the river Mae Khong south to Ubon), and the western provinces (along the river Mae Ping south to Nakhon Sawan). Picus vittatus eurous Deignan Picus vittatus eurous Deignan, Ibis, vol. 97, No. 1, Jan. 1, 1955, p. 23 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chantha- buri Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima) and the southeastern provinces. Picus vittatus connectens (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Gecinus vittatus connectens Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 13 (Sungei Kilim and Dayang Bunting, Pulau Langkawi, off the coast of Perlis State, Malaya). Range: The central plains (Ayutthaya, Bangkok) and open forests of the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 86 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Picus vittatus viridanus Blyth Plicus]. viridanus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than November] 1843, p. 1000 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from south- ern Tak to Prachuap Khwi Khan. Picus vittatus weberi (A. Miiller) Gecinus Weberi A. Miiller, Die Ornis der Insel Salanga [Inaugural- Dissertation,] ante Oct. 4, 1882, p. 69 (Ko Phuket [lat. 7°50’ N.., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Picus viridanus meridianus Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 12, vol. 2, No. 4, Oct. 1, 1926, p. 689 (Sathani Lam Phila or Lam Phura [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ H.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Picus myrmecophoneus Stresemann Picus myrmecophoneus Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, band 14, heft 4, Dec. 11, 1920, p. 289. New name for P{icus]. strio- latus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than November] 1843, p. 1000 (Himalayas and cen- tral India), not Picus striolatus Macgillivray, 1840, nor Picus striolatus Lesson, 1830. Range: The southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Picus canus gyldenstolpei Stuart Baker Picus canus gyldenstolpei Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, No. 237, Nov. 30, 1918, p. 19 (Sadiya, Mishmi Hills Tribal District, Assam State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Picus canus hessei Gyldenstolpe Picus canus hessei Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (Sathani Pha Kho [lat. 18°15’ N., long. 99°55’ E.] and Sathani Den Chai [lat. 18°00’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Phrae Province, Thailand). Gecinus canus microrhynchus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 12 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 87 Picus erythropygius nigrigenis (Hume) Gecinus nigrigents Hume, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, No. 5, May 1874, p. 106 (no locality given; ‘“‘very common about Pahchan, Kollidoo, Darguin, and other parts of the Salween and neigh- bouring districts of the Tenasserim provinces,” fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 4, June 1874, p. 444; type locality inferentially restricted to the Pa Chaung [a stream entering the Salween from the west at lat. 18°35’ N., long. 97°20’ E.], by Hargitt, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 18, 1890, p. 68). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao) and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Picus erythropygius erythropygius (Elliot) Gecinus erythropygius Elliot, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 1, fasc. 4, 1865, Bull., p. 76, pl. 3 (Cochin-China). Range: Common on the eastern plateau. Picus flavinucha flavinucha Gould Picus flavinucha Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 11, Mar. 12, 1834, p. 120 (‘the Himalayan mountains and also the lower regions of India’’; type locality restricted to Darjee- ling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, by ‘‘Koelz’’ [Biswas], Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 1452, 1950, p. 5). Range: The western provinces from Chaiya Prakan south (along the river Mae Ping) to Kamphaeng Phet. Picus flavinucha archon Deignan Picus flavinucha archon Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, Sept. 17, 1945, p. 238. New name for Chrysophlegma flavinucha an- namensis [sic] Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 130 (Khebon, Vinh Province, Annam), not Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen, 1924. Range: The eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan) and the northern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon) Picus flavinucha pierrei Oustalet Picus (Chrysophlegma) Pierrei Oustalet, Le Naturaliste, ann. 11 sér. 2, tome 3, No. 47, Feb. 15, 1889, p. 45 (Cochin-China). Range: The eastern plateau (excepting areas occupied by the preceding form) and the southeastern provinces. 546—019—63——_7 88 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Picus flavinucha lylei (Boden Kloss) Ohrysophlegma flavinucha lylei Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 110 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Picus puniceus continentis (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Brachylophus puniceus continentis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 204 (Ban Thap Li [lat. 10°30’ N., long 98°50’ E.], Ranong Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Picus chlorolophus chlorolophoides (Gyldenstolpe) Brachylophus chlorolophoides Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 29 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: The western provinces from Chiang Rai and Chaiya Prakan south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Picus chlorolophus laotianus Delacour Picus chlorolophus laotianus Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 12 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 285, Mar. 4, 1924, p. 57 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Cirropicus chlorolophus conjunctus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 48, No. 12, May 3, 1935, p. 53 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Picus mentalis humii (Hargitt) Chrysophlegma humii Hargitt, Ibis, ser. 6, vol. 1, No. 2, April 1889, p. 231 (Malacca and Klang [lat. 3°02’ N., long. 101°27’ E.], Selangor State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 89 Picus miniaceus perlutus (Boden Kloss) Callolophus mineatus perlutus Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 110 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the Isthmus of Kra. Picus miniaceus malaccensis Latham [Picus] malaccensis Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 241 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus DINOPIUM Rafinesque Dinopium javanense intermedium (Blyth) Piicus]. (T{iga].) intermedius Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 193 (“Nepal, Assam, Sylhet, Tipperah, Arracan, and Tenasserim’’; “Blyth’s type was from north Arracan,’’ fide Stuart Baker, Ibis, 1919, p. 208; type locality restricted to Ramree Island, Kyauk- pyu District, Arakan Division, Burma, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 2, 1923, Ds1Sh). Range: Common in every part of the country from Chiang Rai south to the Isthmus of Kra. Dinopium javanense javanense (Ljungh) Picus javanensis Ljungh, Kong]. [Svenska] Vet. Acad. Nya Handl., band 18, 1797, p. 137, pl. 6 (Jakarta [Batavia], Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Dinopium rafflesii peninsulare (Hesse) Gauropicoides rafflesi peninsularis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 12, December 1911, p. 192 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus GECINULUS Blyth Gecinulus grantia viridis Blyth Gecinulus viridis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 31, No. 3, [not earlier than June] 1862, p. 341 (Toungoo, Toungoo Dis- trict, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Bamboo brakes of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. 90 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Gecinulus grantia robinsoni Boden Kloss Gecinulus viridis robinsoni Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 22, 1918, p. 105 (‘“Mountains of the Selangor-Pahang Boundary,’ Malaya; type specimen from Ginting Bidei [lat. 3°18’ N., long. 101°50’ E.], Selangor State, fide Robinson and Boden Kloss; Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 2, 1923, DechyviG)s Range: Bamboo brakes of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phangnga, Krabi). Genus MEIGLYPTES Swainson Meiglyptes tristis grammithorax (Malherbe) Phaiopicus grammithoraz Malherbe, Monographie des picidées, vol. 2, 1862, p. 12 (‘a péninsule Malaise, les fles de la Sonde’’; type locality here restricted to the Malay Peninsula); op. cit.; vol. 3, pl. 48, figs. 4, 5, 6. Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Meiglyptes jugularis (Blyth) Plicus]. (M[icropternus].) jugularis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 195 (Arakan and Tenasserim Divisions, Burma). Range: The southeastern portion of the northern plateau (Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratcha- sima), the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Meiglyptes tukki tukki (Lesson) Picus tukki Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, June 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus MULLERIPICUS Bonaparte Milleripicus pulverulentus harterti Hesse Milleripicus pulverulentus harterti Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 182 (‘“‘Assam, Burma bis Tenas- serim’’; type specimen from Pya, Upper Chindwin District, Sagaing Division, Burma, fide Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 6, 1912, p. 232). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 91 Miilleripicus pulverulentus celadinus Deignan Miilleripicus pulverulentus celadinus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 68, No. 23, Oct. 31, 1955, p. 146 (Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thai- land). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Genus DRYOCOPUS Boie Dryocopus javensis feddeni (Blyth) Mulleripicus Feddeni “Blanford’’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 32, No. 1, April 1863, p. 75 (Pegu Division, Burma; in epist., ibid., vol. 31, 1862, p. 195, Blanford writes: “Of Mulleripicus Heddeni |sic, nomen nudum! 1 believe that I ob- tained one specimen at Thayetmyo, and subsequently I again shot it S. of Bassein’’). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Dryocopus javensis javensis (Horsfield) Picus Javensis Horsfield, Trans, Linn, Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 175 (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus DENDROCOPOS Koch Dendrocopos cathpharius tenebrosus (Rothchild) Dryobates cathpharius tenebrosus Rothschild, Nov. Zool., vol. 33, No. 3, Dec. 8, 1926, p. 240 (Shweli-Salween Divide, Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported only from high elevations in Chaiya Prakan. Dendrocopos hyperythrus hyperythrus (Vigors) Picus hyperythrus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 2, Feb. 1, 1831, p. 23 (‘Himalayan Mountains”; type locality restricted to Nepal, by Hartert, Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 2, hft. 1, 1912, p. 925). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Lampang, Phrae). Dendrocopos hyperythrus annamensis (Boden Kloss) Dryobates hyperythrus annamensis Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 7 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long 109°06’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). 92 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dendrocopos atratus (Blyth) P{icus]. atratus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, for August 1849, p. 803 (‘“Tenasserim provinces,” Burma). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). Dendrocopos macei longipennis Hesse Dendrocopos analis longipennis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 20, No. 5, May 1912, p. 82 (Bangkok, Thailand). Range: Locally distributed on the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the central plains (Tak, Kamphaeng Phet, Lop Buri, Bangkok, Samut Songkhram, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Dendrocopos mahrattensis (Latham) Plicus]. Mahrattensis Latham, Index ornithologicus, Suppl., 1801, p. xxxi (India; type locality restricted to ‘the Mahratta country,’ ex Latham, General Synopsis of Birds, Suppl. vol. 2, 1801, p. 142, No. 7). Range: Reported only from the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). Dendrocopos canicapillus canicapillus (Blyth) Piicus]. canicapillus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 1, No. 159, [not earlier than August] 1845, p. 197 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma; type specimen from Ramree Island, Kyaukpyu District, fide Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 1, 1921, p. 177). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Kamphaeng Phet, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau. Dendrocopos canicapillus delacouri (Meyer de Schauensee) Dryobates hardwickit delacourt Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, July 21, 1938, p. 110 (Ban Chanuman [lat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau and the south- eastern provinces. Dendrocopos canicapillus pumilus (Hargitt) Iyngipicus pumilus Hargitt, Ibis, ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 20, October 1881, p. 599 (‘in terra Tenasserimensi meridionali’’; type specimens from Maliwun [lat. 10°15’ N., long. 98°36’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Oates, A handbook of the birds of British Burmah, vol. 2, 1883, Dood): Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri southward to Satun. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 93 Dendrocopos canicapillus auritus (Eyton) Tripsurus auritus Eyton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, No. 105, October 1845, p. 229 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus HEMICIRCUS Swainson Hemicircus concretus sordidus (Eyton) Dendrocopus sordidus Eyton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 16, No. 105, October 1845, p. 229 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang, Phatthalung). Hemicircus canente (Lesson) Picus Canente Lesson, Centurie zoologique, 1830, p. 215, pl. 73 (Pegu, Pegu District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to Phangnga. Genus BLYTHIPICUS Bonaparte Blythipicus pyrrhotis pyrrhotis (Hodgson) [Picus] Pyrrhotis Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 6, pt. 1, No. 62, February 1837, p. 108 (Nepal). Range: Evergreen forests of the northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Blythipicus pyrrhotis intermedius Delacour Blythipicus pyrrhotis intermedius Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 316, July 14, 1927, p. 154 (Bac Kan [lat. 22°08’ N., long. 105°50’ E.], Bac Kan Province, Tongking). Range: Evergreen forests of the eastern provinces of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Blythipicus rubiginosus rubiginosus (Swainson) Hemicircus rubiginosus Swainson, The natural history of the birds of Western Africa, vol. 2, Sept. 23, 1837, p. 150 (‘‘Western Africa,” error; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hart- laub, Revue Zoologique, tome 7, 1844, p. 402). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 94 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CHRYSOCOLAPTES Blyth Chrysocolaptes validus xanthopygius Finsch Chrysocolaptes zanthopygius Finsch, Notes from the Leyden Mu- seum, vol. 26, Nos. 1-2, July 15, 1905, p. 34 (Long Blu [about lat. 0°44’ N., long. 114°26’ E.], Borneo). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isth- mus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Chrysocolaptes lucidus guttacristatus (Tickell) Picus Guttacristatus Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, [not earlier than Dec. 1], 1833, p. 578 (‘Sungles of Borabhim and Dholbhtim’=Manbhum and Singhbhum Dis- tricts, Bihar State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Chrysocolaptes lucidus indo-malayicus Hesse Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus indo-malayicus Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 19, No. 11, November 1911, p. 182 (Ko Phuket [lat. 7°50’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Order PASSERIFORMES Family EURYLAIMIDAE Genus CORYDON Lesson Corydon sumatranus laoensis Meyer de Schauensee Corydon sumatranus laoensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 80, February 1929, p. 555 (“the Siamese Lao’’; type specimen from Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Corydon sumatranus morator Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 60, Oct, 9, 1947, p. 119 (Ban Sichon [lat. 9°00’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Corydon sumatranus ardescens Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 60, Oct. 9, 1947, p. 119 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N.., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern pro- vinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 95 Corydon sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) Coracias Sumatranus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 303 (‘‘anterior of Sumatra’’). Range: The southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus CYMBIRHYNCHUS Vigors and Horsfield Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos malaccensis Salvadori Cymborhynchus malaccensis Salvadori, Att. Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 9, disp. 3, Mar. 22, 1874, p. 425 (Malacca). Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos siamensis Meyer de Schauensee and Ripley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 91, May 23, 1940, p. 338 (Pran Buri flat. 12°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeast- ern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to the extreme South. Genus EURYLAIMUS Horsfield Eurylaimus javanicus friedmanni Deignan Eurylaimus javanicus friedmanni Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 60, No. 27, Oct. 9, 1947, p. 120 (Sathani Hin Lap flat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Sara Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Phrae), the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Ratchasima, Sara Buri), the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Eurylaimus javanicus pallidus Chasen Eurylaimus javanicus pallidus Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 10, October 1935, p. 43 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Eurylaimus ochromalus ochromalus Raffles Eurylaimus ochromalus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 297 (“‘at Sing- apore and in the interior of Sumatra’; type locality restricted to Singapore Island, Malaya, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, 1919, p. 15). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 96 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus SERILOPHUS Swainson Serilophus lunatus lunatus (Gould) Eurylaimus lunatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 12, Apr. 16, 1834, p. 133 (“apud Rangoon”; type locality corrected to ‘‘the hills of the Pegu District,’’ Pegu Division, Burma, by Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1948, p. 110). Serilophus lunatus intrepidus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1948, p. 110 (‘‘28 miles southeast of Ban Um Phang” or Ban Le Kathe [a village at lat. 15°50’ N., long. 98°50’ E.], Tak Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau and the western provinces south to Tak. Serilophus lunatus aphobus Deignan Serilophus lunatus aphobus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1948, p. 109 (Khao Laem [lat. 14°25’ N., long. 101°30’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima) and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Trat). Serilophus lunatus stolidus Robinson and Boden Kloss Serilophus lunatus stolidus Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 16 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Genus PSARISOMUS Swainson Psarisomus dalhousiae assimilis Hume P{sarisomus]. assimilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 & 3, January 1875, p. 538 (Thayetmyo District, Magwe Divi- sion, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Phanom, Ubon). Psarisomus dalhousiae cyanicauda Riley Psarisomus dalhousiae cyanicauda Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 48, No. 12, May 3, 1935, p. 54 (Khao Sa Bap |lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chan- thaburi). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 97 Genus CALYPTOMENA Raffles Calyptomena viridis continentis Robinson and Boden Kloss Calyptomena viridis continentis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, pt. 1, April 1923, p. 54 (Ban Tha San [lat. 10°30’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Calyptomena viridis viridis Raffles Calyptomena viridis Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 295 (“forests of Singapore and of the interior of Sumatra’’; type locality re- stricted to Benkulan District, Sumatra, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, 1923, p. 54). Range: The peninsular provinces southward from Trang and Pat- tani. Family PITTIDAE Genus PITTA Vieillot Pitta oatesi oatesi (Hume) Hydrornis Oatesi Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 477 (“Eastern Pegu Hills’’; type specimens from “‘the evergreen forests which clothe the eastern slopes between Tonghoo and Thayetmyo,” Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma, fide Oates, A handbook of the birds of British Burmah, vol. 1, 1883, pp. 411-412). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Pitta soror soror Wardlaw Ramsay Pitta (Hydrornis) soror Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 19, July 1881, p. 496 (Saigon [lat. 10°47’ N., long. 106°42’ E.], Cochin-China). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- bur). Pitta caerulea caerulea (Raffles) Myiothera cerulea Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 301 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. 98 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pitta moluccensis moluccensis (Statius Miiller) Turdus Moluccensis Statius Miller, Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band, 1776, p. 144 (‘an den moluccischen Inseln,”’ ex d’Aubenton, pl. 257, error: type locality ‘corrected’ to Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 28, 1921, p. 92; here further corrected to Malacca). Range: Reported whether as a resident or a migrant throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Pitta moluccensis megarhyncha Schlegel Pitta megarhyncha Schlegel, De Vogels van Nederlandsch Indié, monogr. 1, Pitta, 1863, pp. 11, 32, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Bangka). Range: Mangroves of the western coast and its offshore islands from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pitta sordida cucullata Hartlaub Pitta cucullata Hartlaub, Revue Zoologique, ann. 6, March 1843, p. 65 (Malacca). Range: Reported as a resident or a migrant from the northern plateau (Nan), the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak to the extreme South. Pitta sordida miilleri (Bonaparte) [Brachyurus] mulleri Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 1, June 24, 1850, p. 256 (Celebes, error; type locality corrected to Borneo, by Finsch, Notes from the Leyden Museum, vol. 26, Nos. 1 and 2, 1905, p. 118; type specimen from the Sungei Dusun [Barito] in southeastern Borneo, fide Boden Kloss, Treubia, vol. 13, livr. 3-4, 1931, p. 332, footnote). Range: Reported only from the extreme southern peninsular proy- inces (Narathiwat). Pitta cyanea cyanea Blyth Pitta]. cyanea Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, November 1848, p. 1008 (Arakan Division, Burma). Pitta cyanea peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, pp. 3 [nomen nudum/], 41 (Khao Luang [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.j, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Pitta cyanea aurantiaca Delacour and Jabouille Pitta cyanea aurantiaca Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 130 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03/ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 99 Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chachoengsao, Chanthaburi, Trat). Pitta guajana ripleyi Deignan Pitta irena ripleyi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 59, No. 11, Mar. 11, 1946, p. 55 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Pitta gurneyi Hume Pitta Gurneyi Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 296, pl. 3 (‘the most southern portions of the Tenasserim Provinces’’; specimens from Lenya, Palaw Tonton, Bankasun, and Maliwun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 244). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Pitta phayrei (Blyth) A[nthocincla]. Phayrei Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 31, No. 3, [not earlier than June] 1862, p. 343 (Toungoo, ‘Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan), on the East south to Phitsanulok, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the southeastern provinces. Family ALAUDIDAE Genus ALAUDA Linnaeus Alauda gulgula herberti Hartert Alauda arvensis herberti Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 279, May 28, 1923, p. 149 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus MIRAFRA Horsfield Mirafra assamica subsessor Deignan Mirafra assamica subsessor Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 26, pt. 3, Oct. 31, 1941, p. 241 (Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang). 100 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Mirafra assamica marionae Stuart Baker Mirafra assamica marione Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 211, Dec. 29, 1915, p. 34 (Phra Nakhon Si Ayut- thaya [lat. 14°20’ N., long. 100°35’ E.], Ayutthaya Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau (Nakhon Phanom, Khon Kaen, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the cen- tral plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Mirafra javanica williamsoni Stuart Baker Mirafra cantillans williamsoni Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 210, Dec. 3, 1915, p. 9 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima) and the central plains (Bangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon Sawan). Family HIRUNDINIDAE Genus RIPARIA T. Forster Riparia riparia ijimae (Lonnberg) Clivicola riparia ijimae Lénnberg, Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, vol. 23, art. 14, 1908, p. 388 (Tretya Padi, Sakhalin Island). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Nan) and the southwestern provinces (Tak, Kanchanaburi). Riparia paludicola chinensis (J. E. Gray) Hirundo chinensis J. E. Gray, Illustrations of Indian zoology, vol. 1, No. 2, Mar. 30, 1830, pl. 35, fig. 3 (no locality given =[inferentially] China; type locality here corrected to Formosa). Range: Reported only along the rivers Salween (Mae Hong Son), Mae Ping (Tak), and Mae Khong (Chiang Rai, Nong Khai). Genus HIRUNDO Linnaeus Hirundo concolor Sykes Hirundo concolor Sykes, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 2, No. 18, July 31, 1832, p. 83 (The Deccan, Bombay State, India). Range: Reported only from the mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai). Hirundo tahitica javanica Sparrman Hirundo javanica Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fase. 4, 1789, No. C, pl. 100 (Java). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND. 101 Range: Found mainly on islets, along the eastern coast from Trat to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and along the western coast from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Hirundo rustica tytleri Jerdon Hirundo Tytlert Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 870 (Dacca, Dacca District, Bengal Province, Kast Pakistan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi) and the central plains (Bangkok). Hirundo rustica mandschurica Meise Hirundo rustica mandschurica Meise, Abh. Ber. Mus. Tierk. Volkerk. Dresden, band 18, No. 2, 1934, p. 46 (Harbin, Sung- kiang Province, Manchuria). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lampang, Uttaradit). Hirundo rustica gutturalis Scopoli Hirundo (gutturalis) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae, pt. 2, 1786, p. 96 (“nova Guiana,” error; type specimen from Antigua, Panay Island, Philippine Islands, fide Hartert, Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 1, hft. 6, 1910, p. 803, ex Sonnerat). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter (July to May, inclusive) throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Hirundo smithii filifera Stephens Hifrundo].? filifera Stephens, in Shaw, General zoology, vol. 13, pt. 2, February 1826, p. 78 (India, ex Latham). Range: Reported only along the rivers Salween (Mae Hong Son), Mae Ping (Chiang Mai), and Mae Khong (Ubon). Hirundo daurica daurica Laxmann Hirundo daurica Laxmann, Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl., band 30, 1769, p. 209, pl. 7, fig. (“Singori,”’ Siberia). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Ranong). Hirundo daurica mayri Hall Hirundo striolata mayri Hall, Ibis, vol. 95, No. 3, July 1, 1953, p. 547. New name for [Hirundo striolata] substriolata ““Hume”’ Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 3, July 1, 1941, p. 369 (numerous localities in Assam, Burma, and Thailand; lectotype from Sing- kaling Hkamti [lat. 26°00’ N., long. 95°40’ E.], Upper Chindwin District, Sagaing Division, Burma), not L[ilia]. substriolata Hume, 1877, which=Hirundo daurica daurica Laxmann. 102 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Hirundo daurica stanfordi Mayr Mirundo striolata stanfordi Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 3, July 1, 1941, p. 367 (Tamu [lat. 25°45’ N., long. 98°00’ E.], My- itkyina District, Kachin State, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Hirundo daurica vernayi Kinnear Mirundo daurica vernayi Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 291, Dec. 5, 1924, p. 27 (“Long Lung”’ [near Ban Nong Pla Lai, lat. 16°05’ N., long. 98°45’ E.], Tak Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Hirundo daurica badia (Cassin) Cecropis badius Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, No. 9, {not earlier than June 28,] 1853, p. 371 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Surat Thani to the extreme South. Genus DELICHON Moore Delichon urbica lagopoda (Pallas) Mirundo Lagopoda Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 532 (“Dauria’”’=Transbaikalia, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Delichon dasypus dasypus (Bonaparte) [Chelidon] dasypus ‘“‘Temm.’’ Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pt. 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 343 (Borneo, ex Tem- minck). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Delichon dasypus cashmeriensis (Gould) Chelidon Cashmeriensis Gould, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 26, No. 369, Nov. 9, 1858, p. 356 (Kashmir). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 103 Family CAMPEPHAGIDAE Genus HEMIPUS Hodgson Hemipus picatus capitalis (McClelland) Muscicapa? capitalis McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 157 (Assam State, India). Range: The greater portion of the northern plateau (northern Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, southern Lampang, southern Phrae). Hemipus picatus picatus (Sykes) Muscicapa picata Sykes, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 2, No. 18, July 31, 1832, p. 85 (The Deccan, Bombay State, India). Range: Throughout the country (excepting areas inhabited by the preceding form) from southern Chiang Rai to the Isthmus of Kra. Hemipus picatus intermedius Salvadori Hemipus intermedius Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 209 (Mount Singgalang flat. 0°24’ S., long. 100°20’ E.], Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Hemipus hirundinaceus (Temminck) Muscicapa hirundinaceus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 20,] vol. 3, March 1822, pl. 119, fig. 1, 2, and text (Java). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus TEPHRODORNIS Swainson Tephrodornis pondicerianus pondicerianus (Gmelin) [Muscicapa] pondiceriana Gmelin, Caroli a Linné .. . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 939 (““Coromandel’’= [inferentially] Pondicherry, Madras State, India). Tephrodornis pondicerianus thai Boden Kloss and Chasen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 302, Jan. 30, 1926, p. 58 (Tha Chang Tai flat. 16°51’ N., long. 99°03’ E.], Tak Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao), the eastern plateau (provinces bordering the Mae Khong from Loei to Ubon), and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. 546—019—63——8 104 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Tephrodornis virgatus jugans Deignan Tephrodornis gularis gugans Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 61, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 13 (Doi Langka= Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thai- land). Range: The northern plateau and the western provinces south to Kamphaeng Phet. Tephrodornis virgatus mekongensis Meyer de Schauensee Tephrodorms gularis mekongensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 45 (Ban Chanuman [lat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: The eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Tephrodornis virgatus vernayi Kinnear Tephrodornis pelvicus verneyi [sic] Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 289, July 7, 1924, p. 102 (Ban Um Phang=Ban Le Kathe [lat. 15°50’ N., long. 98°50’ E.], Tak Province, Thai- land). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Tephrodornis virgatus annectens Robinson and Boden Kloss Tephrodornis pelvica “subsp.”’ annectens “noy.’’ Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 8, pt. 2, December 1918, p. 222 (Ban Lam Ra=Sathani Lam Phila or Lam Phura [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). ; Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Pattani. Tephrodornis virgatus fretensis Robinson and Boden Kloss Tephrodornis pelvica fretensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Soc., No. 81, March 1920, p. 109 (Gunong Angsi [about lat. 2°41’ N., long. 102°03’ E.], Negri Sembilan State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost provinces (Nara- thiwat). Genus CORACINA Vieillot Coracina polioptera indochinensis (Boden Kloss) Lalage fimbriata indochinensis Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 7 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western prov- inces south to Kamphaeng Phet. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 105 Coracina polioptera polioptera (Bowdler Sharpe) Campophaga polioptera Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 4, 1879, p. 69, pl. 2 (Cochin-China). Range: The southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Pra- chuap Khiri Khan. Coracina melaschista intermedia (Hume) Volvocivora intermedia Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, p. 205 (Tenasserim and Pegu Divisions, Burma). Volvocivora koratensis Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 193 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to the Isthmus of Kra. Coracina melaschista avensis (Blyth) Clampephaga]. avensis Blyth, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, 1849, p. 327. New name for Clam- pephaga]. melanoptera Blyth, Journ Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 172, 1846, p. 307 (Arakan Division, Burma), not Ceblepyris (typus) melanoptera Riippell, 1839. Range: Resident on the northern plateau, on migration or in winter reported also from the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Ceracina melaschista melaschista (Hodgson) [Volvocivora] Melaschistos Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 328 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). Coracina melaschista saturata (Swinhoe) Volvocivora saturata Swinhoe, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 22, April 1870, p. 242 (Hainan). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Lamphun). Coracina fimbriata neglecta (Hume) Volvocivora neglecta Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, p. 203 (‘‘in the extreme south of the Tenasserim Provinces”; specimens from various localities in the Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, listed by Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 210). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. 106 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Coracina fimbriata culminata (Hay) Ceblepyris Culminatus Hay, Madras Journal of Literature and Sci- ence, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 31, [not earlier than Aug. 9,] 1845, p. 157 (Malacca). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pat- tani, Yala, Narathiwat). Coracina novaehollandiae siamensis (Stuart Baker) Graucalus macei siamensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 233, Apr. 30, 1918, p. 69 (Ban Kabin Buri [lat. 14°00’ N., long. 101°45’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provin- ces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Coracina striata sumatrensis (S. Miiller) Cebl[epyris]. sumatrensis S. Miller, Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche Be- zittingen . . . Land-en Volkenkunde, pt. 6, June 12, 1843, p. 190, footnote (Sumatra). Artamides sumatrensis messeris Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 517 (Ban Na Klua flat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Genus LALAGE Boie Lalage nigra striga (Horsfield) Ceblephyris striga Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 145 (Java). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Phatthalung, Songkhla, Narathiwat). Genus PERICROCOTUS Boie Pericrocotus divaricatus divaricatus (Raffles) Lanius divaricatus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 305 (‘found at Singapore; but it is also known in Sumatra’’). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lampang), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 107 Pericrocotus roseus cantonensis Swinhoe Pericrocotus cantonensis Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1861, p. 42 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Pericrocotus roseus roseus (Vieillot) Muscicapa rosea Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 21, May 1818, p. 486 (Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Phuket). Pericrocotus cinnamomeus thai Deignan Pericrocotus peregrinus thai Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 7, July 15, 1947, p. 254 (Ban Luang [lat. 18°25’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northern and eastern plateaus. Pericrecotus cinnamomeus vividus Stuart Baker Perecrocotus [sic] peregrinus vividus Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40, No. 250, Apr. 30, 1920, p. 114 (‘‘Attaran River,” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma; type locality restricted to Pabyouk [‘‘a village near a group of isolated lime- stone rocks on the right bank of the Attaran R. about 22 miles in a direct line S.E. of Moulmein,” fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 523], by Deignan, Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, 1947, p. 255). Range: Reported from the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi) and the central plains. Pericrocotus cinnamomeus sacerdos Riley Pericrocotus peregrinus sacerdos Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 53, No. 27, Nov. 8, 1940, p. 131 (Phum Sambor [lat. 12°53’ N., long. 105°04’ E.], Kompong Thom Province, Cam- bodia). Range: Reported from the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Pericrocotus cinnamomeus separatus Deignan Pericrocotus peregrinus separatus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 7, July 15, 1947, p. 255 (Tanjong Badak [lat. 10°06’ N., long. 98°31’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported along the western coast from the Pak Chan Estuary to the Takua Pa Inlet (Ranong, Phangnga). 108 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus igneus Blyth Plericrocotus]. igneus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 172, 1846, p. 309 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pericrocotus solaris rubro-limbatus Salvadori Pericrocotus rubro-limbatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 5, Dec. 12, 1887, pp. 515, 582 (Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Pericrocotus solaris nassovicus Deignan Pericrocotus solaris nassovicus Deignan, Auk, vol. 55, No. 3, July 12, 1938, p. 509 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Trat). Pericrocotus brevirostris neglectus Hume Pericrocotus neglectus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, pp. 171, 189 (Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.] and Mitan [lat. 16°00’ N., long 98°24’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the western provinces of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Pericrocotus ethologus ethologus Bangs and Phillips Pericrocotus brevirostris ethologus Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 282 (Hsien Shan, Hupeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Pericrocotus ethologus ripponi Stuart Baker Pericrocotus solaris ripponi Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 2, May 7, 1924, p. 327 (“E. of Fort Stedman” = Mong Hsawk [lat. 20°34’ N., long. 96°57’ E.], Yawnghwe State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Pericrocotus ethologus cryptus Mayr, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 11, 1940, p. 719 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the western provinces of the northern pla- teau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 109 Pericrocotus flammeus elegans (McClelland) Phenicornis elegans McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 156 (Assam State, India; type locality restricted to “the neighborhood of Sadiya,’’ Mishmi Hills Tri- bal District, by Deignan, Auk, vol. 63, 1946, p. 524, and cor- rected to Shillong, by Sdélim Ali and Ripley, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 48, No. 1, December 1948, p. 19). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Pericrocotus flammeus semiruber Whistler and Kinnear Pericrocotus speciosus semiruber Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, No. 2, Apr. 15, 1933, pp. 340, 341 (Sankrametta, South Visakhapatnam District, Andhra State, India). Pericrocotus flammeus suchitrae Deignan, Auk, vol. 63, No. 4, Oct. 25, 1946, p. 530 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the southeastern provinces. Pericrocotus flammeus flammifer Hume [Pericrocotus] flammifer Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 321, footnote ([region of] Pak Chan [Estuary], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to the extreme South. Family CHLOROPSEIDAE Genus AEGITHINA Vieillot Aegithina viridissima viridissima (Bonaparte) Jlora]. viridissima ‘‘Temm. Mus. Lugd.’”’ Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 397 (“ex Sumatr. Borneo’’; type locality inferentially restricted to Sumatra, by Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, 1912, p. 10). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Aegithina tiphia philipi Oustalet Aigithina Philipi Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], sér. 2, tome 8, fase. 2, 1886, p. 285 (Hue [lat. 16°29’ N., long. 107°34’ E.], Hue Province, Annam). Range: The northern plateau (on the West south to Nakhon Sawan) and the northern portion of the eastern plateau (along the Mae Khong as far as Ubon). 110 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Aegithina tiphia cambodiana Hall Aegithina tiphia cambodiana Hall, Ibis, vol. 99, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1957, p. 150 (Siem Reap [lat. 13°22’ N., long. 103°51’ E.], Siem Reap Province, Cambodia). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southern portion of the central plains east of the Chao Phaya. Aegithina tiphia horizoptera Oberholser Aegithina tiphia horizoptera Oberholser, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, Oct. 26, 1912, p. 9 (Beluku Bay [lat. 1°23’ N., long. 97°33’ E.], Nias Island). Range: The southern portion of the central plains west of the Chao Phaya and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri to the extreme South. Aegithina lafresnayei innotata (Blyth) I[ora]. innotata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, {not earlier than May] 1847, p. 472 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Aegithina lafresnayei lafresnayei (Hartlaub) Tora Lafresnayei Hartlaub, Revue Zoologique, ann. 7, November 1844, p. 401 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus CHLOROPSIS Jardine and Selby Chloropsis cyanopogon septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss Chloropsis cyanopogon septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 2, Feb. 25, 1919, p. 107 (Ban Nong Kok [lat. 8°26’ N., long. 98°48’ E.], Krabi Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang and Phatthalung. Chloropsis cyanopogon cyanopogon (Temminck) Phyllornis cyanopogon Temminck, in 'Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 81,] vol. 4, October 1829, pl. 512, fig. 1, and text (Palembang [lat. 3°00’ S., long. 104°44’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Yala, Narathiwat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND cit Chloropsis sonnerati zosterops Vigors Chlor[opsis]. zosterops [Vigors], in Raffles, Memoir of the life and public services of Sir T.S. Raffles . . ., 1830, p. 674 ([Sumatra]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Chloropsis aurifrons pridii Deignan Chloropsis aurifrons pridii Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 106, No. 12, June 24, 1946, p. 2 (Doi Ang Ka or Doi Inthanon [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from all parts of the northern plateau, on the West south to northern Tak. Chloropsis aurifrons inornata Boden Kloss Chloropsis aurifrons inornatus [sic] Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 198 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao and Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand; type specimen from Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, fide Boden Kloss, tom. cit., No. 3, 1918, p. 518). Range: The greater part of the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the northern provinces of the central plains (Phetchabun, Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan). Chloropsis aurifrons incompta Deignan Chloropsis aurifrons incompta Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 61, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 14 (‘“‘the southern slopes of the Lang Bian Plateau between Dalat and Ban Meth- uot,’ Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: The southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Chloropsis cochinchinensis chlorocephala (Walden) Phyllornis chlorocephalus Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 7, No. 39, March 1871, p. 241 (near Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the western and peninsular prov- inces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Chloropsis cochinchinensis kinneari Hall and Deignan Chloropsis cochinchinensis kinneari Hall and Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 76, No. 6, Sept. 1, 1956, p. 96 (Bao Ha [lat. 22°10’ N., long. 104°21’ E.], Yenbay Province, Tongking). Range: The northern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom). 112 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Chloropsis cochinchinensis cochinchinensis (Gmelin) [Turdus] cochinchinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 825 (Cochin-China). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Chloropsis cochinchinensis seri-thai Deignan Chloropsis cochinchinensis seri-thai Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 106, No. 12, June 24, 1946, p. 1 (Ban Tha Lo [about lat. 9°05’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Chloropsis cochinchinensis moluccensis J. E. Gray Chloropsis Moluccensis J. EH. Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, 1831, p. 33 (‘“Molucca,” error; type locality corrected to Ma- lacca, by Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 106, No. 12, 1946, p. 2). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pat- tani, Yala, Narathiwat). Chloropsis hardwickii hardwickii Jardine and Selby [Chloropsis] Hardwickii Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, ser. 1, vol. 2, pt. 7, ‘“Addenda, etc.,”’ p. [131], footnote (Nepal). Range: Reported only from the mountains of the northern plateau. Family PY CNONOTIDAE Genus SPIZIXOS Blyth Spizixos canifrons ingrami Bangs and Phillips Spizizus canifrons ingrami Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 285 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Genus PYCNONOTUS Boie Pycnonotus zeylanicus (Gmelin) [Sturnus] zeylanicus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema natu- rae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 804 (“cn Zeylon,” ex Latham, error; type locality inferentially corrected to Java, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 3, 1924, p. 272). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 113 Pycnonotus striatus paulus (Bangs and Phillips) Alcurus striatus paulus Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 284 (Loukouchai, Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Pycnonotus melanoleucos (Eyton) Microtarsus melanoleucos Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 102 ([Malayal]). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Pycnonotus atriceps atriceps (Temminck) Turdus atriceps Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 25,] vol. 2, August 1822, pl. 147 and text (“Java .. . Sumatra’; type locality restricted to Java, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Fed- erated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, 1923, p. 55). Range: Throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Pyenonotus melanicterus vantynei Deignan Pycnonotus dispar vantynet Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 246 (Phongtho [lat. 22°32’ N., long. 103°20’ E.], Laokay or Laichau Province, Tongking). Range: Apparently resident in the northernmost provinces of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao), but also reported, on migration or in winter, from Chiang Mai and from the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon, Ubon). Pycnonotus melanicterus xanthops Deignan Pycnonotus dispar ranthops Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 246 (Ban Mae [lat. 18°40’ N., long. 98°50’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting areas inhabited by the preceding form), on the West south to Kamphaeng Phet. Pyenonotus melanicterus auratus Deignan Pycnonotus dispar auratus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 246 (Muang Lom Sak flat. 16°45’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Phetchabun Province, Thailand). Range: The northern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom). 114 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pycnonotus melanicterus johnsoni (Gyldenstolpe) Rubigula johnsoni Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., band 50, No. 8, July 19, 1913, p. 25, pl. 1, fig. 3 (near Ban Chakkrarat [lat. 15°00’ N., long. 102°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, and the southeastern part of the central plains (Lop Buri). Pycnonotus melanicterus elbeli Deignan Pycnonotus melanicterus elbeli Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 123 (Ko Kut [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 102°35’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Islets off the coast of the southeastern provinces (Ko Kut, Ko Chang). Pycnonotus melanicterus negatus Deignan Pycnonotus melanicterus negatus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 123 (Ban Hin Laem flat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Pycnonotus melanicterus caecilii Deignan Otocompsa flaviventris minor Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 200 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Preoccupied by [Pycnonotus nigricans] Var. minor von Heuglin, 1869! Pycnonotus dispar caecilii Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 7, Aug. 2, 1948, p. 247 (Trang Province [ca. lat. 7°-8° N.], Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to Trang. Pycnonotus squamatus weberi (Hume) Ixidia webberi [sic] Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 8, No. 1, April 1879, p. 40 (‘interior of the Tonka, territories,’ Phuket Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. Pycnonotus cyaniventris cyaniventris Blyth Plycnonotus].? cyaniventris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 792 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 115 Pycnonotus jocosus pattani Deignan Pycnonotus jocosus pattani Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 8, Aug. 23, 1948, p. 280 (Pattani [lat. 6°50’ N., long. 101°15’ E.], Pattani Province, Thailand). Range: Throughout the country (excepting the southwestern prov- inces), from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Pycnonotus jocosus emeria (Linnaeus) [Motacilla] Emeria Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 187 (Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (Kan- chanaburi). Pycnonotus aurigaster latouchei Deignan Pycnonotus aurigaster latouchet Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Scei., vol. 39, No. 8, Aug. 16, 1949, p. 275 (Lai Chau [lat. 22°02’ N., long. 103°10’ E.], Lai Chau Province, Tongking). Range: Reported only from the Mae Khong drainage of the north- ern plateau (Chiang Rai). Pycnonotus aurigaster klossi (Gyldenstolpe) Molpastes atricapillus klossi ‘Robinson’ [Gyldenstolpe], Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 253, Nov. 9, 1920, p. 12 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand); zbid., vol. 42, No. 263, Nov. 29, 1921, p. 32. Range: The northern plateau (excepting the Mae Khong drainage), on the West south to Nakhon Sawan, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Pycnonotus aurigaster schauenseei Delacour Pycnonotus cafer schauenseet Delacour, Zoologica, vol. 28, pt. 1, No. 5, May 4, 1943, p. 29 (Ban Si Sawat [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 99°02’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Pycnonotus aurigaster thais (Boden Kloss) Molpastes aurigaster thais Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 6, No. 3, July 15, 1924, p. 291 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Yellow-vented variety! Pycnonotus cafer deignani Delacour, Zoologica, vol. 28, pt. 1, No. 5, May 4, 1943, p. 29 (Chanthaburi flat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Yellow-vented variety! 116 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pycnonotus aurigaster innitens Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 39, No. 8, Aug. 16, 1949, p. 276 (Ban Pak Chong [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Red-vented variety! Range: The southern portion of the central plains, the southeastern provinces, and the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau. Pycnonotus aurigaster germani (Oustalet) Ixus Germani Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 7, tome 2, No. 1, 1878, p. 54 (Saigon, Cochin-China). Range: Reported from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Pycnonotus eutilotus (Jardine and Selby) Brachypus eutilotus Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, new ser., No. 1, February 1837, pl. 3 and text (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat to the extreme South. Pycnonotus finlaysoni eous Riley Pycnonotus finlaysoni eous Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, No. 27, Nov. 8, 1940, p. 133 (Col des Nuages [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 108°08’ E.], Annam). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau, the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the southwestern provinces from Ksemphaeng Phet to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and the island Ko Phangan flat. 9°45’ N., long 100°00’ E.]. Pycnonotus finlaysoni finlaysoni Strickland Pycnonotus Finlaysoni Strickland, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, No. 86, June 1844, p. 411 (‘‘Probably from some of the Malasian islands’’; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 560). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus flavescens vividus (Stuart Baker) Xanthiscus flavescens vivida [sic] Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 228, Dec. 4, 1917, p. 16 (Salween District and Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Common on mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 117 Pycnonotus goiavier jambu Deignan Pycnonotus goiavier jambu Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 130 (Ban Maha Chai [lat. 13°30’ N., long. 100°15’ E.], Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand). Range: The coastal provinces from Trat to Samut Songkhram. Pycnonotus goiavier personatus (Hume) Otocompsa personata ‘Davison’? Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 457 (Kutaraja flat. 5°32’ N., long. 95°20’ E.], Acheh district, Sumatra, Indonesia). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus plumosus plumosus Blyth P{ycnonotus]. plumosus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 567 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus blanfordi conradi (Finsch) Criniger Conradi Finsch, in Finsch and Conrad, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, band 23, heft 3, [not earlier than June 4,] 1873, p. 349 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand). Pycnonotus robinsoni Ogilvie-Grant, ‘‘Author’s Advance Copy” from Fasciculi Malayenses, Zoology, pt. 3, July 1905, p. 85 (Tanjong, Patani”=Laem Pho [lat. 6°55’ N., long. 101°15’ E.], Pattani Province, Thailand). Range: Excepting the Mae Khong drainage of the northern pla- teau, reported throughout the country to the extreme South. Pycnonotus simplex simplex Lesson Picnonotus [sic] simplex Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, June 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Krabi to the extreme South. Pycnonotus brunneus brunneus Blyth [Pycnonotus] brunneus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 568 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pycnonotus erythropthalmos erythropthalmos (Hume) I[xos]. erythropthalmos Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feath- ers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, p. 314 ({region of] Pak Chan [Estuary] and Bankasun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 118 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus CRINIGER Temminck Criniger flaveolus burmanicus Oates Criniger burmanicus Oates, Fauna of British India, Birds, vol. 1, December 1889, p. 256 (‘““Toungngoo; the Karen hills; Karen- nee; Tenasserim, as far south as Meetan at the base of Muleyit mountain, and throughout the Thoungyeen valley’; type locality commonly restricted to Toungoo District, Pegu Divi- sion, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the valleys of the Salween (Mae Hong Song), the Mae Moei (Tak), and the Mae Klong (Kanchanaburi). Criniger pallidus henrici Oustalet Criniger Henrici Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. [Paris], tome 2, No. 5, June 22, 1896, p. 185 (“‘entre Manhao et Se-mao [Yunnan Province, China], sur les bords de la Riviére-Noire . . .4 Nam- Xong, Ban-Moi et Hat-Hoa [Tongking]’’). Range: Reported from all parts of the northern plateau, excepting the Salween drainage. Criniger pallidus isani Deignan Criniger pallidus isani Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 134, No. 2, Oct. 25, 1956, p. 4 (Ban Muang Khai [lat. 17°30’ N.., long. 101°20’ E.], Loei Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Criniger ochraceus cambodianus Delacour and Jabouille Criniger gutturalis cambodianus Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 130 (Le Boc Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi, Trat). Criniger ochraceus ochraceus Moore Criniger ochraceus Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, pp. xv [nomen nudum!], 252 (Tenasserim Division, Burma; type locality restricted to Mergui [lat. 12°26’ N., long. 98°36’ E.], Mergui District, by Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 134, No. 2, 1956, p. 5). Criniger ochraceus crinitus Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 125 (Ban Hin Laem |[lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 119 Criniger ochraceus sordidus Richmond ? Criniger Cabanisi A. Miiller, Die Ornis der Insel Salanga [ante Oct. 4], 1882, p. 32 (Phuket [lat. 7°55’ N., long. 98°25’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). ? Criniger Cabanisi A. Miller, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 30, No. 160, November 1882, p. 384 (Phuket, Phuket Province, Thailand). Criniger sordidus Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1201, May 12, 1900, p. 320 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). ? [Criniger] salange Bowdler Sharpe, A hand-list of the genera and species of birds, vol. 3, 1901, p. 316. New name for Criniger Cabanisi A. Miller, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 30, No- vember 1882, p. 384 (Phuket, Phuket Province, Thailand), not Criniger cabanist Bowdler Sharpe, “1881” [1882]. Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Satun. Criniger bres tephrogenys (Jardine and Selby) Trichophorus tephrogenys Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, vol. 3, pt. 9, February 1833, pl. 127 and text (“. . . though we are uncertain of its locality, we suspect it to be Indian’’; type locality corrected to Malacca, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 558). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Criniger phaeocephalus phaeocephalus (Hartlaub) Izos (Trichixos, Less.) pheocephalus Hartlaub, Revue Zoologique, ann. 7, November 1844, p. 401 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus HYPSIPETES Vigors Hypsipetes criniger criniger (Blyth) Brlachypodius].? criniger “A. Hay” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 577 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes viridescens myitkyinensis (Deignan) Microscelis viridescens myitkyinensis Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 61, No. 1, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 3 (“along the Shingaw-Tanga road,’ Myitkyina District Kachin State, Upper Burma). 546-019-639 120 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Hypsipetes viridescens viridescens (Blyth) Tole viridescens Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1867, p. 7. New name for J[ole]. virescens Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 573 (Arakan Division, Lower Burma), not Jzos virescens 'Temminck, 1825. Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Hypsipetes propinquus propinquus (Oustalet) Criniger propinguus Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], sér 4, tome 5, 1903, p. 76 (‘““Pa-Mou,” Laichau Province, Tongking). Criniger lénnbergi Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet. -Akad. Handl., band 50, No. 8, July 19, 1913, p. 24, pl. 1, fig. 2 (Pang Huai Hom [about lat. 17°50’ N., long. 100°03’ E.] and Khao Phlung [lat. 17°50’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Uttaradit Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, south on the West to Kamphaeng Phet, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phet- chabun, Loei), reported also, on migration or in winter, from the south- eastern provinces (Chon Buri, Rayong). Hypsipetes propinquus simulator (Deignan) Microscelis charlottae simulator Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 61, No. 1, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 5 (Ban Hup Bon [lat. 13°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Hypsipetes propinquus lekhakuni (Deignan) Microscelis charlottae lekhakuni Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 44, No. 4, May 3, 1954, p. 125 (Ban Hin Laem flat. 11°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from Kanchanaburi south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Hypsipetes propinquus cinnamomeoyentris (Stuart Baker) Tole virescens cinnamomeoventris Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 288, Dec. 4, 1917, p. 16 (Tenasserim Town and Bankasun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma; type locality restricted to Tenasserim Town, by Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 61, 1948, p. 6). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 121 Hypsipetes charlottae cryptus (Oberholser) Tole olivacea crypta Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 31, No. 46, Dec. 30, 1918, p. 197 (Pulau Jemaja, Anamba Islands, South China Sea). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes mcclellandii tickelli Blyth Hypsipetes Tickelli Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855 p. 275 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’’ Lower Burma). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Hypsipetes mcclellandii loquax (Deignan) Izos meclellandii loquax Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 99, No. 18, Dec. 11, 1940, p. 2 (Doi Phu Kha [lat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Hypsipetes meclellandii canescens (Riley) Izos canescens [sic] Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 46, No. 32, Oct. 26, 1933, p. 155 (Khao Kuap [lat 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeasternmost provinces (Trat), Hypsipetes meclellandii peracensis (Hartert and Butler) Tole tickelli peracensis Hartert and Butler, Nov. Zool., vol. 5, No. 4, Dec. 31, 1898, p. 506 (Gunong Ijau, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported from mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Hypsipetes malaccensis Blyth H{ypsipetes|. malaccensis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 574 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes flavala bourdellei (Delacour) Hemizus flavala bourdellet Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 13 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N.., long. 103°22’ E.] Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima). 122 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Hypsipetes flavala hildebrandi (Hume) Hemizus Hildebrandi Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 508 (“on the banks of the Younzaleen, in the Salween District of the Tenasserim Provinces,’ Lower Burma). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang). Hypsipetes flavala davisoni (Hume) Hemixus Davisoni Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 111 (‘on the Toungya road to Myawadee,’’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Hypsipetes flavala cinereus (Blyth) Tole]. cinerea ‘A. Hay” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 573 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Hypsipetes madagascariensis leucothorax (Mayr) Microscelis leucocephalus leucothorax Mayr, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 89, heft 4, Mar. 15, 1942, p. 381 (“Chung Chiang Miao,”’ Hsikang Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus. Hypsipetes madagascariensis stresemanni (Mayr) Microscelis leucocephalus stresemanni Mayr, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 89, heft 4, Mar. 15, 1942, p. 383 (‘“Westhang des Li- chiang-Gebirges,” Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau (Ubon). Hypsipetes madagascariensis sinensis (La Touche) Haringtonia perniger sinensis La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 264, Jan. 3, 1922, p. 53 (Hokow, Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau (Ubon). Hypsipetes madagascariensis concolor Blyth Hypsipetes concolor Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than August] 1849, p. 816 (‘“Tenasserim provinces’’; type specimen from Moulmein, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Sclater, Ibis, 1892, THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 123 p. 77, and Finn, List of the birds in the Indian Museum, pt. 1, 1901, p. 94). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan to south- ern Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Hypsipetes thompsoni (Bingham) Cerasophila Thompsoni Bingham, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 5, No. 28, April 1900, p. 358 (“Loi-San-Pa’”=Taung Palaung [lat. 21°46’ N., long. 96°55’ E.], Mongkung State, Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Family DICRURIDAE Genus DICRURUS Vieillot Dicrurus adsimilis albirictus (Hodgson) [Bhichanga] Albirictus Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 326 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Dicrurus adsimilis cathoecus Swinhoe Dicrurus cathecus Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 2, October 1871, p. 377 (China, Hainan, and Formosa’’; type locality restricted to South China, by Hartert, Die Végel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 3, hft. 2, 1921, p. 2017). Dicrurus annectens siamensis Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 226 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.J], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thai- land). Range: Reported, whether as a resident or a migrant, from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus adsimilis thai Boden Kloss Dicrurus macrocercus thai Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 208 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: Resident in the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri) and on the central plains (Phetchabun, Kamphaeng Phet, Lop Buri, Samut Sakhon, Rat Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan). 124 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dicrurus leucophaeus leucogenis (Walden) Buchanga leucogenis Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 219 (Nagasaki, Japan, error; type lo- cality corrected to China, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 474, and restricted to Ichang, Hupeh Province, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 289). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Nan), the eastern plateau (Ubon), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus leucophaeus salangensis Reichenow [Dicrourus] leucogenys [var. salangensis] Reichenow, in Heine and Reichenow, Nomenclator Musei Heineani Ornithologici, 1890, p. 69 (“Ins. Salanga’”’=Ko Phuket [lat. 7°50’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phuket Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Dicrurus leucophaeus hopwoodi Stuart Baker Dicrurus leucophaeus hopwoodi Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., vol. 25, May 1918, p. 294 (Dacca, Dacca District, East Bengal Province, Pakistan). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai) and the eastern plateau (Ubon). Dicrurus leucophaeus mouhoti (Walden) Buchanga mouhoti Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 220 (Cambodia; type locality restricted to Angkor Wat [lat. 13°25’ N., long. 103°52’ E.], Siem Reap Province, by Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, 1940, p.. 132), Range: Reported as a resident from the northern plateau and the northern part of the eastern plateau, but on migration or in winter found throughout the country south to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus leucophaeus bondi Meyer de Schauensee Dicrurus bondi Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 89, Oct. 20, 1937, p. 337 (Ban Chanuman flat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon) and the central plains (Tak, Sukhothai, Kamphaeng Phet). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 125 Dicrurus leucophaeus nigrescens Oates Diicrurus]. nigrescens Oates, Fauna of British India, Birds, vol. 1, 1889, p. 311 [in key] ({inferentially] Kyeikpadein, Pegu District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces and the penin- sular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Phuket. Dicrurus annectens (Hodgson) [Bhichanga] Annectans [sic] Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 326 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Dicrurus aeneus aeneus Vieillot Dicrurus zneus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 9, March 1817, p. 586 (Bengal State, India). Range: Found throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Dicrurus remifer tectirostris (Hodgson) [Bhringa] Tectirostris Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 8, November 1836, p. 325 (Nepal). Bhringa remifer latispatula Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Oct. 3, 1929, p. 475 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from all parts of the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Dicrurus remifer peracensis (Stuart Baker) Bhringa remifer peracensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, No. 237, Nov. 30, 1918, p. 18 (Telom, Cameron’s Highlands, Perak-Pahang boundary, Malaya). Range: The southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi) and the western and peninsular provinces (Tak, Surat Thani). Dicrurus remifer lefoli (Delacour and Jabouille) Bhringa remifer lefoli Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 133 (Bokor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: Reported in atypical form from the extreme southeastern provinces (Trat). 126 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dicrurus hottentottus brevirostris (Cabanis) T\richometopus]. brevirostris Cabanis, in Cabanis and Heine, Museum Heineanum, theil 1, 1851, p. 112 (China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus hottentottus hottentottus (Linnaeus) [Corvus]. hottentottus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 155 (“Cap. b. spei,” error; type locality altered to Sikkim, by Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., vol. 26, 1919, p. 44, and to “the region between Ayuthia and the head of the Gulf [of Siam],’’ by Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, 1921, p. 223, but corrected to Chandernagore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, pp. 517, 521). Range: The nortbern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Dicrurus paradiseus rangoonensis (Gould) Edolius Rangoonensis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, No. 37, Apr. 9, 1836, p. 5 (Rangoon Town District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the northern part of the eastern plateau (Loei, Nong Khai, Nakhon Phanom, Sakon Nakhon, Khon Kaen). Dicrurus paradiseus malabaricus (Latham) [Lanius] malabaricus Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 66 (Malabar Coast, ea Sonnerat; type locality here restricted to Mahé, Malabar District, Madras State, India). Range: The southern part of the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular prov- inces from Tak to the Isthmus of Kra. Dicrurus paradiseus paradiseus (Linnaeus) [Cuculus] paradiseus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 172 (“Siam’’; type locality restricted to ‘‘the region between Ayuthia and the head of the Gulf,’’ by Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, 1919, p. 453, but corrected to Mergui, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, pp. 509, 519). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND eH Dissemurus paradiseus hypoballus Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 518 (Ban Phra Muang [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°30’ E.], Trang Province, Thai- land). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Fi amily ORIOLIDAE Genus ORIOLUS Linnaeus Oriolus chinensis diffusus Bowdler Sharpe Oriolus diffusus Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 3, 1877, p. 197 (China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Oriolus tenuirostris tenuirostris Blyth O[riolus]. tenwirostris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 169, 1846, p. 48 (“Central India,” error; type locality corrected to Assam State, India, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 296). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter throughout the western provinces from Chaiya Prakan to the Isthmus of Kra. Oriolus xanthornus xanthornus (Linnaeus) [Coracias] Xanthornus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 108 (‘‘America,” error; type locality corrected to Bengal State, India, ex Edwards, by Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, band 14, heft 1, 1919, pp. 131-132). Oriolus luteolus thaiacous Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 233, Apr. 30, 1918, p. 63 (Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: Common throughout the country from Chiang Rai south to Trang. Oriolus xanthonotus xanthonotus Horsfield Oriolus Xanthonotus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 152 (Blitar [lat. 8°06’ S., long. 112°10’ E.], Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 128 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Oriolus traillii traillii (Vigors) Pastor Traillii Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 175 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soe., vol. 27, 1921, p. 698). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Oriolus traillii mellianus Stresemann Oriolus traillii mellianus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 30, No. 3, May 1, 1922, p. 64 (‘“Drachenkopf’’, Kwangtung Prov- ince, China). Range: A visitor from southeastern China, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chanthaburi) and the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Genus IRENA Horsfield Irena puella sikkimensis Whistler and Kinnear Irena puella sikkimensis Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 36, No. 3, Aug. 15, 1933, p. 582 (Sukna, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau. Irena puella puella (Latham) [Coracias] Puella Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 171 (India; type locality restricted to Travancore State, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, No. 4, 1921, p. 723). Range: Evergreen forests of the eastern plateau, of the southeastern provinces, and of the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Irena puella malayensis Moore Irena Malayensis Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, p. 274 (lava, Sumatra, Malacca; type locality [infer- entially] restricted to ‘‘the peninsula of Malacca and the island of Sumatra,” by Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, 1870, p. 417, and further restricted [inferentially] to Malacca, by Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Mu- seum, vol. 3, 1877, p. 269). Range: Evergreen forests of the extreme southern peninsular prov- inces (Satun, Pattani). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 129 Family CORVIDAE Genus PLATYLOPHUS Swainson Platylophus galericulatus ardesiacus (Bonaparte) L{ophocitta]. ardesiaca ‘‘Cabanis’”’ Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 374 (‘“‘ex Java?”’; type locality corrected to ‘‘the Settlement of Malacca,” Malaya, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 3, 1924, p. 328). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Genus GARRULUS Brisson Garrulus glandarius leucotis Hume Garrulus leucotis Hume, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, No. 5, [not earlier than May 1,] 1874, p. 106 (no locality given; type specimen from Kyauknyat [lat. 18°16’ N., long. 97°31’ E.], Salween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 4, June 1874, p. 443). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Genus CISSA Boie Cissa thalassina hypoleuca Salvadori and Giglioli Cissa hypoleuca Salvadori and Giglioli, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 20, disp. 3, [not earlier than Jan. 11,] 1885, p. 427 (Thudau- mot flat. 10°59’ N., long. 106°39’ E.], Thudaumot Province, Cochin-China). Range: Reported from the southeastern provinces (Chachoengsao, Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Trat). Cissa chinensis chinensis (Boddaert) Coracias chinensis Boddaert, Table des planches enluminéez d@histoire naturelle, 1783, p. 38 (China ex d’Aubenton, error; type locality corrected to ‘Southern Siam,” by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. and Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, new ser., vol. 18, 1923, p. 561, and further corrected to Mergui, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, pp. 516, 521). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western proy- inces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 130 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Cissa erythrorhyncha magnirostris (Blyth) Ps{ilorhinus]. magnirostris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 169, 1846, p. 27 (‘‘Ya-ma-dong Mountains, sep- arating Arracan from Pegu,”’ Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Genus CRYPSIRINA Vieillot Crypsirina vagabunda kinneari (Stuart Baker) Dendrocitta rufa kinneari Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 1, Aug. 16, 1922, pp. vili [nomen nudum/!], 48 (in key), 51 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. Crypsirina vagabunda sakeratensis (Gyldenstolpe) Dendrocitta rufa sakeratensis Gyldenstolpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 254, Nov. 30, 1920, p. 32 (Ban Chakkrarat [lat. 15°00’ N., long. 102°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri). Crypsirina vagabunda saturatior (Ticehurst) Dendrocitta vagabunda saturatior Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 264, Jan. 3, 1922, p. 56 (““Kaukariyet Mts.”= mountains near Kawkareik [lat. 16°35’ N., long. 98°15’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Kan- chanaburi. Crypsirina occipitalis himalayana (Jerdon) Dendrocitta Himalayana “Blyth” Jerdon, The Birds of India, vol. 3, 1864, p. 874. New name for “Dendrocitta Sinensis, Latham” Jerdon, op. cit., vol. 2, pt. 1, 1863, p. 316, No. 676 (“Throughout the Himalayas, and . . . very rarely on the hills of Southern India’”’; type locality here restricted to Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India) [‘‘This is, writes Mr. Blyth, distinct from true Dendrocitta sinensis, and that naturalist sug- gests for it the name of Dendrocitta Himalayana, Blyth.’’] Range: Reported from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau and once, on migration or in winter, from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 131 Crypsirina occipitalis assimilis (Hume) Dendrocitta assimilis Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 117 (“Hill Tenasserim”’; specimens from Kawludo [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 97°19’ E.], Salween District, and Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 386). Range: Reported from the northwestern provinces (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Tak). Crypsirina temia (Daudin) Corvus temia Daudin, Traité élémentaire et complet d’ornitholo- gie, tome 2, May 1800, p. 244 (Jakarta, Java). Crypsirina varians longipennis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 55, No. 386, Apr. 30, 1935, p. 136 (Chanthaburi [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported throughout the country from Chiang Rai to the extreme South. Genus PLATYSMURUS Reichenbach Platysmurus leucopterus leucopterus (T’emminck) Glaucopis leucopterus [sic] Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 45,] vol. 2, April 1824, pl. 265 and text (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus CORVUS Linnaeus Corvus splendens insolens Hume [Corvus] insolens Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 480 (Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Rare and local in the northern peninsular provinces (Phet Buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Corvus macrorhynchos levaillantii Lesson Corvus Levaillantii Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 5, [between] September 1830 [and] February 1831, p. 328 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 132 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Corvus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos Wagler Clorvus]. Macrorhynchos Wagler, Systema avium, pt. 1, 1827, p. [813] (‘in Nova-Hollandia, Nova-Guinea, et in insulis Sumatra et Java’’; type locality restricted to Java, ‘ex Temm. M.S. in Mus. Lugd.,” by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 442). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Family PARIDAE Genus PARUS Linnaeus Parus major nubicolus Meyer de Schauensee Parus major nubicolus Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 169, Feb. 25, 1946, p. 8 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from pine forests of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Parus major templorum Meyer de Schauensee Parus major templorum Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 169, Feb. 25, 1946, p. 2 (Khao Nam Phu [near Muang Lom Sak, lat. 16°45’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Phetchabun Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Ubon). Parus major ambiguus (Raffles) Turdus ambiguus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 311 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to Benkulen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 315, 1927, p. 130). Range: Reported from mangroves of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phuket, Trang, Pattani). Parus xanthogenys subviridis Blyth Parus subviridis ‘“Tickell”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, 1855, p. 267 (‘“Mountainous interior of Tenasserim”’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume im Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 378). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 133 Genus MELANOCHLORA Lesson Melanochlora sultanea sultanea (Hodgson) [Parus] Sultaneus Hodgson, The India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 2, No. 1, April 1837, p. 31 ([Nepal]). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Melanochlora sultanea flavo-cristata (Lafresnaye) Plarus]. flavo-cristatus Lafresnaye, Magasin de Zoologie, ann. 7, livr. 1, [not earlier than January] 1837, ‘Cl. IT, pl. 80” (‘les de la Sonde’’; type locality restricted to Sumatra, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, in 1918, fide Chasen, A handlist of Malaysian birds, 1935, p. 261). Range: The southern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Genus SYLVIPARUS Burton Sylviparus modestus saturatior Rippon Sylviparus saturatior Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 16, No. 124, May 8, 1906, p. 87 (Mount Victoria, Kanpetlet District, Magwe Division, Burma). Range: Reported from high mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Fi amily SITTIDAE Genus SITTA Linnaeus Sitta europaea delacouri Deignan Sitta europea delacouri Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 28, No. 8, Aug. 15, 1938, p. 372 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the higher mountains of the western part of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Sitta europaea tonkinensis Kinnear Sitta castanea tonkinensis Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 56, No. 392, Jan. 31, 1936, p. 71 (Nape [lat. 18°18’ N., long. 105°05’ E.], Thakkek Province, Laos). Range: Reported from the Mae Khong drainage of the northern plateau (Doi Hua Mot [lat. 19°07’ N., long. 99°20’ E.]). 134 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Sitta europaea neglecta Walden Sitta neglecta Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 218 (‘Karen Hills of the Tonghoo district,” Pegu Division, Burma). Sitta Auto-Sitta siamensis Kleinschmidt, Berajah, Zoographia Infinita [Halle], 1928, p. 14 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: Deciduous forests of the northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai, Phayao, and Chaiya Prakan), of the eastern plateau, and of the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Sitta magna magna Wardlaw Ramsay Sitta magna Wardlaw Ramsay, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1876, pt. 3, October 1876, p. 677, pl. 63 (Karenni State, Burma). Range: Reported from the higher mountains of the western part of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai). Sitta frontalis frontalis Swainson Sitta frontalis Swainson, Zoological illustrations, vol. 1, No. 1, Oct. 1, 1820, pl. 2 and text (Ceylon). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Sitta frontalis saturatior Hartert Sitta frontalis saturatior Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 573 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family CERTHITDAE Genus CERTHIA Linnaeus Certhia discolor shanensis Stuart Baker Certhia discolor shanensis Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 7, May 14, 1930, p. 90. New name for Certhia discolor fuliginosa Stuart Baker, op. cit., vol. 1, Aug. 16, 1922, pp. 435 [in key], 438 (Loi Pang Nao [lat. 21°20’ N., long. 100°20’ E.], Kengtung State, Southern Shan State, Burma), not O[erthia]. fuliginosa Bechstein, 1811, or Certhia fuliginosa Shaw, 1812. Range: Reported from the higher mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 135 Family CINCLIDAE Genus CINCLUS Borkhausen Cinclus pallasii dorjei Kinnear Cinclus pallasi dorjei Kinnear, in Ludlow and Kinnear, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 1, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1937, p. 263 (Sakden, eastern Bhutan). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.)). Family MUSCICAPIDAE Subfamily TIMALIINAE Genus PELLORNEUM Swainson Pellorneum ruficeps indistinctum Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps indistinctum Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 16 (King Chiang Saen flat. 20°15’ N., long 100°05’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the Mae Khong drainage of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao). Pellorneum ruficeps chthonium Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps chthonium Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 14 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Phrae, Nan, Uttaradit, Sukhothai, northern Tak). Pellorneum ruficeps elbeli Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps elbeli Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 208 (Ban Na Muang, near Muang Daen Sai [lat. 17°15’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Loei Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: Reported from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Pellorneum ruficeps ubonense Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps ubonense Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 18 (Ban Chanuman [lat. 16°15’ N., long. 105°00’ E.], Ubon Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the easternmost portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). 546—019—63—10 136 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pellorneum ruficeps euroum Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps euroum Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 19 (Chanthaburi [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°05’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the central plains lying east of the river Chao Phaya. Pellorneum ruficeps smithi Riley Pellorneum smithi Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 37, No. 22, Oct. 21, 1924, p. 129 (Ko Chang [lat. 12°00’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], off Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Islets off the coast of the southeastern provinces (Ko Chang) Pellorneum ruficeps subochraceum Swinhoe Pellorneum subochraceum Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 7, No. 40, April 1871, p. 257 (‘the Tenasserim provinces”; type locality restricted to Moulmein, Amherst District, Tenas- serim Division, Burma, by Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, 1947, p. 12). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Pellorneum ruficeps acrum Deignan Pellorneum ruficeps acrum Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 107, No. 14, Oct. 20, 1947, p. 13 (Yala [lat. 6°30’ N., long. 101°15’ E.], Yala Province, Thailand). Range: The central plains lying west of the river Chao Phaya and open forests of the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kamphaeng Phet to the extreme South. Pellorneum capistratum nigrocapitatum (Eyton) Brachypteryx nigrocapitata Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 103 ([Malaya)]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Pellorneum albiventre cinnamomeum (Rippon) Drymocataphus cinnamomeus Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 12 (Loi Mai [lat. 20°25’ N., long. 97°26’ E.], Mawkmai[?] State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Range: Reported from mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND tS7. Genus TRICHASTOMA Blyth Trichastoma tickelli fulvum (Walden) Drymocataphus fulvus Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 401 (Karenni State, Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Loei). Trichastoma tickelli tickelli (Blyth) Pellornium [sic] Tickelli Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 414 (“mountainous interior of the Tenas- serim provinces”’; type specimen from ‘‘Woods of Teewap’hado, 1100 to 1500 feet,” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Tickell, zbid., No. 5, 1860, p. 449). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to the extreme South. Trichastoma malaccense malaccense (Hartlaub) Blrachypteryx]. malaccensis MHartlaub, Systematisches Ver- zeichniss der naturhistorischen Sammlung der Gesellschaft Museum [Bremen]. abth. 1, 1844, p. 40, footnote (Malacca). Anuropsis malaccensis driophila Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 9 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Trichastoma rostratum rostratum Blyth Trlichastoma]. rostratum Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier that December] 1842, p. 795 (Singapore Island, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Trichastoma bicolor (Lesson) Brachypteryx bicolor Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, May 1839, p. 1388 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Trichastoma sepiarium tardinatum (Hartert) Malacocincla sepiaria tardinata Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 211, Dec. 29, 1915, p. 35 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). 138 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Trichastoma abbotti williamsoni (Deignan) Malacocincla abbotti williamsoni Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 5, May 20, 1948, p. 185 (Ban Pak Chong [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101925’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Nayok, Prachin Buri). Trichastoma abbotti obscurius (Deignan) Malacocincla abbotti obscurior Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 5, May 20, 1948, p. 185 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal areas of the southeastern provinces from Chon Buri to Trat and the islet Ko Kut, off the coast of Trat. Trichastoma abbotti abbotti (Blyth) Mlalacocincla]. Abbotti Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than October] 1845, p. 601 (Ramree Island, Kyaukpyu District, Arakan Disivion, Burma). Malacocincla abbotti rufescentior Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 5, May 20, 1948, p. 184 (Ban Tha Lo [about lat. 9°05’ N., long. 99°15’ E.J, Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The central plains lying west of the river Chao Phaya and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kamphaeng Phet to Satun. Trichastoma abbotti olivaceum (Strickland) Malacopteron olivaceum Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, No. 165, Jan. 26, 1847, p. 102 (Malacca). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus MALACOPTERON Eyton Malacopteron magnum magnum Eyton Malacopteron magnum Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 103 ({[Malaya)). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Malacopteron cinereum indochinense (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Horizillas rufifrons indochinensis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 205 (Trang Bom [lat. 10°56’ N., long. 107°00’ E.], Bien Hoa Province, Cochin-China). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 139 Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Malacopteron cinereum cinereum Eyton Malacopteron cinereus [sic] Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 103 ([Malaya)]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Malacopteron magnirostre magnirostre (Moore) Alcippe magnirostris Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, pp. xiv [nomen nudum!], 407 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Malacopteron affine affine (Blyth) Tr{ichastoma]. affine Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 795 (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular proy- inces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus POMATORHINUS Horsfield Pomatorhinus schisticeps ripponi Harington Pomatorhinus ripponi Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 27, No. 163, Nov. 4, 1910, p. 9 (Shan States; type specimen from Pyaunggaung [lat. 23°00’ N., long. 96°28’ E.], Mongmit State, Northern Shan State, Burma fide Kinnear, in epistola). Range: Reported only from the northern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai). Pomatorhinus schisticeps difficilis Deignan Pomatorhinus schisticeps difficilis Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 208 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, northern Tak). Pomatorhinus schisticeps humilis Delacour Pomatorhinus schisticeps humilis Delacour, L’Oiseau et la Revue Frangaise d’Ornithologie, nouv. sér., vol. 2, No. 3, July 10, 1932, p. 424 (Thateng [lat. 15°31’ N., long. 106°22’ E.], Saravane Province, Laos). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and provinces of the eastern plateau bordering the river Mae Khong (Loei). 140 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pomatorhinus schisticeps klossi Stuart Baker Pomatorhinus nuchalis klosst Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 9 (Ban Khlong Manao=Ban Huang Som [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, and “Ban Sam Khok,” error=Ban Si Racha [lat. 13°10’ N., long. 100°55’ E.], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal areas of the southeastern provinces from Chon Buri to Trat. Pomatorhinus schisticeps clivaceus Blyth Plomatorhinus]. olivaceus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than May] 1847, p. 451 (Ye, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Pomatorhinus olivaceus siamensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 9 (Sathani Map Am- marit [lat. 10°50’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri south to the Isthmus of Kra. Pomatorhinus schisticeps fastidiosus Hartert Pomatorhinus schisticeps fastidiosus Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, No. 216, May 25, 1916, p. 81 (Ban Khok Khan [lat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Pomatorhinus erythrogenys celatus Deignan Pomatorhinus erythrogenys celatus Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 26, pt. 3, Oct. 31, 1941, p. 241 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Pomatorhinus hypoleucos tickelli Hume Pomatorhinus (. . . Orthorhinus) Tickelli Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 1, April 1877, p. 32 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Pomatorhinus ferruginosus albogularis Blyth Plomatorhinus]. albogularis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 274 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 141 Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps ochraceiceps Walden Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 12, No. 72, December 1873, p. 487 (Karen Hills, Burma). Range: Evergreen forest of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps alius Riley Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps alius Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 53, No. 11, Apr. 19, 1940, p. 47 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from tbe northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus KENOPIA G. R. Gray Kenopia striata (Blyth) T{imalia]. striata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 793 (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Krabi, Trang). Genus NAPOTHERA G. R. Gray Napothera macrodactyla macrodactyla (Strickland) Malacopteron macrodactylum Strickland, Ann. Meg. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, No. 86, June 1844, p. 417 (Malacca). Turdinus macrodactylus bakeri Hachisuka, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 309, Nov. 27, 1926, p. 54 (Sathani Lam Phura or Lam Phila [lat. 7°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Napothera crispifrons crispifrens (Blyth) Turdinus crispifrons Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 269 (‘mountainous in- terior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Sclater, Ibis, 1892, p. 76). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Phrae) and the south- western provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Napothera crispifrons calcicola Deignan Napothera crispifrons calcicola Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 29, No. 4, Apr. 15, 1939, p. 177 (Sathani Hin Lap flat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Sara Buri Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri). 142 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Napothera brevicaudata brevicaudata (Blyth) T{urdinus)|. brevicaudatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 272 (‘‘moun- tainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces”; type specimen from Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Sclater, [bis, 1892, p. 76). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Nan). Napothera brevicaudata griseigularis (Delacour and Jabouille) Corythocichla griseigularis Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 131 (Le Boe Kor flat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Corythocichla brevicaudata cognata Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 46, No. 32, Oct. 26, 1933, p. 156 (Khao Sa Bap flat. 12°35’ N., long. 102°15’ E.J], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeasternmost provinces (Chan- thaburi, Trat). Napothera brevicaudata leucosticta (Bowdler Sharpe) Corythocichla leucosticta Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 3, No. 29, Oct. 1, 1887, p. 438 (Larut Range [about lat. 4°48’ N., long. 100°45’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Coruthocichla brevicaudata herberti Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 10 (Sathani Thung Song flat. 8°10’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Napothera epilepidota davisoni (Ogilvie-Grant) Turdinulus davisoni Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 160, May 12, 1910, p. 97 (Thaungya Sakan and Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Napothera epilepidota granti (Richmond) Turdinulus granti Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1201, May 12, 1900, p. 320 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 143 Genus MICROURA Gould Microura pusilla pusilla (Hodgson) [Pnoepyga] pusillus [sic] Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 25 ([Nepal]). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Microura pusilla harterti (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Pnoepyga pusilla . . . harterti Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 8, pt. 2, December 1918, p. 205 (Gunong Ijau, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isth- mus of Kra (Surat Thani). Genus STACHYRIS Hodgson Stachyris rufifrons rufifrons Hume Stachyris rufifrons Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 479 (‘on the dry western slopes of the Pegu Hills,” Lower Burma). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Stachyris rufifrons obscura (Stuart Baker) Stachyridopsis rufifrons obscura Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 10 (Khlong Bang Lai, a stream near Sathani Map Ammarit [lat. 10°50’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central peninsular provinces (Chum- phon, Surat Thani). Stachyris ambigua adjuncta Deignan Stachyris rufifrons adjuncta Deignan, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser., vol. 24, No. 10, Sept. 19, 1939, p. 110 (Phong Saly [lat. 21°42’ N., long. 102°07’ E.], Laos). Range: The northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Phrae) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loe1). Stachyris rodolphei Deignan Stachyris rodolphei Deignan, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser., vol. 24, No. 10, Sept. 19, 1939, p. 110 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thai- land). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai). 144 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Stachyris chrysaea aurata Meyer de Schauensee Stachyris chrysaea aurata Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, June 11, 1938, p. 29 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: The northernmost provinces of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan). Stachyris chrysaea assimilis Walden S[trachyrhis]. assmilis [sic] Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 48, pt. 2, extra No., 1875, p. 116 (Karenni State, Burma). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (excepting areas in- habited by the preceding form), on the West south to Tak. Stachyris chrysaea chrysops Richmond Stachyris chrysops Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 15, No. 29, June 25, 1902, p. 157 (Khao Nam Pliu [lat. 7°35’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Stachyris nigriceps spadix Ripley Stachyris nigriceps spadiz Ripley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 68, No. 4, Mar. 17, 1948, p. 89 (Laisung, United District of Mikir and North Cachar Hills, Assam State, India). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Stachyris nigriceps yunnanensis La Touche Stachyris nigriceps yunnanensis La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 262, Oct. 29, 1921, p. 18 (Hokow [lat. 23°15’ N., long. 103°39’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan, Uttaradit). Stachyris nigriceps dipora Oberholser Strachyris nigriceps dipora Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 7 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to Trang. Stachyris nigriceps davisoni Bowdler Sharpe Stachyris davisoni Bowdler Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 1, No. 2, Nov. 1, 1892, p. vii (Gunong Tahan, Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 145 Stachyris poliocephala (Temminck) Timalia poliocephala Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 100,] vol. 2, 1836, pl. 593, fig. 2, and text (‘A Sumatra et 4 Bornéo”’; type locality restricted to Benkulen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], Sumatra, by Boden Kloss, Treubia, vol. 13, livr. 3-4, 1931, p. 348). Range: The peninsular provinces from Surat Thani south to Trang. Stachyris striolata helenae Delacour and Greenway Stachyris striolata helene Delacour and Greenway, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, No. 423, June 17, 1939, p. 130 (Ban Nam Khuang [lat. 20°24’ N., long. 110°14’ E.], Haut-Mékong Prov- ince, Laos). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Stachyris striolata guttata (Blyth) Turdinus guttatus ‘Tickell”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 414 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from ‘‘Woods near Theethoungplee. 3000 ft.,’”’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Tickell, ibid., No. 5, 1860, p. 450). Range: Reported only from the northwestern provinces (Tak). Stachyris striolata nigrescentior Deignan Stachyris striolata nigrescentior Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1947, p. 104 (Khao Nok Ra [lat. 7°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.J, Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Stachyris maculata maculata (Temminck) Timalia maculata Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 100,] vol. 2, 1836, pl. 594, fig. 2, and text (Borneo and Sumatra; type locality restricted to Borneo, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, The Ibis, 1918, p. 588). Range: Reported only from the southwestern peninsular provinces (Krabi, Trang). Stachyris leucotis leucotis (Strickland) Timalia leucotis Strickland, in Jardine, Contributions to orni- thology, for 1848, pt. 2, 1848, p. 63, pl. 12 (Malacca). Range: Reported only from the southwestern peninsular provinces (Trang). 146 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Stachyris nigricollis (Temminck) Timalia nigricollis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 100,] vol. 2, 1836, pl. 594, fig. 2, and text (Borneo). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Krabi, Trang, Pattani, Narathiwat). Stachyris erythroptera erythroptera (Blyth) T{imalia]. erythroptera Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 128, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 794 (Singa- pore Island, Malaya). Cyanoderma erythropterum sordida [sic] Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 10 (Khlong Wang Hip, a stream near Sathani Thung Song [lat. 8°10’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, and Sathani Map Ammarit [lat. 10°50’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus MACRONOUS Jardine and Selby Macronous gularis lutescens (Delacour) Mizxornis rubricapilla lutescens Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 18 (Bao Ha [lat. 22°10’ N.., long. 104°21’ E.], Yenbay Province, Tongking). Range: The northern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao) and provinces of the eastern plateau bordering the river Mae Khong from Loei to Ubon. Macronous gularis sulphureus (Rippon) Stachyridopsis sulphurea Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 11 (Nammehet [lat. 20°26’ N., long. 97°28’ E.], Mawkmai State, Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Mizornis gularis minor Gyldenstolpe, Kung]. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., band 56, No. 2, Oct. 19, 1916, p. 60 (Sathani Pha Kho flat. 18°15’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Phrae Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (excepting areas inhabited by the preceding form) and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Macronous gularis saraburiensis Deignan Macronus gularis saraburiensis Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 209 (Sathani Hin Lap [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°10’ E.], Sara Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Nayok, Prachin Buri). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 147 Macronous gularis connectens (Boden Kloss) Mixornis rubricapilla connecteus [sic] Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 207 (‘‘about Lat. 10° N. [Malay Peninsula]’’). Mixornis gularis deignani Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 67 (Khao Luang [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The coastal areas of the southeastern provinces, the south- ern portion of the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Rat Buri to the Isthmus of Kra. Macronous gularis inveteratus (Oberholser) Mixornis gularis inveterata Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 5 (Ko Kut [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 102°35’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Islets off the coast of the southeastern provinces (Ko Kut, Ko Chang). Macronous gularis chersonesophilus (Oberholser) Mizornis gularis chersonesophila Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 74, No. 2, Sept. 27, 1922, p. 3 (Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the vicinity of the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Macronous ptilosus ptilosus Jardine and Selby Macronous ptilosus Jardine and Selby, Illustrations of orni- thology, vol. 3, pt. 10, December 1835, pl. 150 and text (‘“‘we purchased the skin with a collection of about fifty birds, said to be brought from the islands of Java and Sumatra’’; type locality inferentially restricted to “the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra,’ by Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 36, 1915, p. 36, and inferentially further restricted to Malacca, by Chasen, A handlist of Malaysian birds, 1935, p. 227). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra from Surat Thani to the extreme South. Genus TIMALIA Horsfield Timalia pileata smithi Deignan Timalia pileata smithi Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 129 (King Chiang Saen [lat. 20°15’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Rai, Phayao). 148 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Timalia pileata dictator Kinnear Timelia [sic] pileata dictator Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 50, No. 339, Mar. 5, 1930, p. 55 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri). Timalia pileata patriciae Deignan Timalia pileata patriciae Deignan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 75, No. 9, Dec. 1, 1955, p. 129 (Ban Khlong Khlung [lat. 16°10’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand). Range: The western portion of the central plains from Kamphaeng Phet south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Timalia pileata intermedia Kinnear Timalia pileata intermedia Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 290, Oct. 29, 1924, p. 9. New name for Timaha pileata jerdoni ‘‘Walden” Stuart Baker, The Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 1, 1922, p. 227 (Pegu; type locality restricted to Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma, by Kinnear, loc. cit.), not Timalia Jerdont Walden, 1872. Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (Kan- chanaburi). Genus CHRYSOMMA Blyth Chrysomma sinense sinense (Gmelin) [Parus] sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 1012 (‘‘in Sina’’; type locality restricted to Kwangtung Province, by Stresemann and Hein- rich, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, band 24, 1940, p. 205). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the western portion of the central plains (Nakhon Sawan). Genus GARRULAX Lesson Garrulax monilegerus stuarti Meyer de Schauensee Garrulax moniliger bakeri Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 87, Nov. 21, 1935, p. 409 (Nong Ho, a pond near Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Garrulax moniliger stuarti Meyer de Schauensee, Auk, vol. 72, No. 1, Feb. 28, 1955, p. 92. New name for Garrulax moni- liger bakeri Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- delphia, vol. 87, Nov. 21, 1935, p. 409 (Nong Ho, near Muang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand), not Trochalop- teron phaeniceum bakert Hartert, 1909. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 149 Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Garrulax monilegerus schauenseei Delacour and Greenway Garrulaz moniliger schauenseei Delacour and Greenway, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, No. 423, June 17, 1939, p. 1382 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N., long. 103°22’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phrae, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Garrulax monilegerus mouhoti Bowdler Sharpe Garrulaz mouhoti Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 7, 1883, pp. 434 [in key], 444 (Cambodia). Garrulax moniliger [sic] leucotis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 8 (Ban Kabin Buri flat. 14°00’ N., long. 101°45’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Garrulax monilegerus fuscatus Stuart Baker Garrulaz moniliger [sic] fuscata [sic] Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 233, Apr. 30, 1918, p. 64 (Tavoy District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern provinces from southern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Garrulax pectoralis subfusus Kinnear Garrulaz pectoralis meridionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 40. No. 245, Dec. 8, 1919, p. 11 (Hat Sanuk [about lat. 11°47’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Not Trochalopterum meridionale Blan- ford, 1880. Garrulax pectoralis subfusa [sic] Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 289, July 7, 1924, p. 103 (Mitan, Amherst District, Tennasserim Division, Burma). Range: The western provinces from Chiang Rai south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Garrulax leucolophus diardi (Lesson) Turdus Diardi Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 6, February 1831, p. 408 (‘la Cochinchine’’). [Garrulax] leucogaster Walden, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1866, pt. 3, April 1867, p. 549 (“some part of Siam’’; type specimen from Cambodia, fide Macdonald, in Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, 1946, p. 61). 150 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Garrulazx leucolophus peninsulae Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 60 (Khao Luang [lat. 11°40’ N., long. 99°35’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Garrulaz leucolophus peninsularis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, July 10, 1946, p. 122. New name for Garrulaxr leucolophus peninsulae Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 60 (Khao Luang, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand), not Trochalopterum peninsule Bowdler Sharpe, 1887. Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the southwestern provinces (excepting areas inhabited by the following race) south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Garrulax leucolophus bélangeri Lesson Garrulax Belangeri Lesson, in Bélanger, Voyage aux Indes- Orientales, . . . Zoologie, pt. 4, August 1832, p. 258, Atlas, Oiseaux, pl. 4 (Pegu Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Garrulax strepitans strepitans Blyth Garrulax strepitans ‘‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 268 (“the mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’ Lower Burma). Range: Mountain forests of the western provinces from Chiang Rai south to Kanchanaburi. Garrulax strepitans ferrarius Riley Garrulaz ferrarius Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 43, No. 31, Nov. 29, 1930, p. 190 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thaliand). Range: Reported only from the extreme southeastern provinces (Trat). Garrulax chinensis lochmius Deignan Garrulaz chinensis lochmius Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 26, pt. 3, Oct. 31, 1941, p. 241 (King Chiang Saen [lat. 20°15’ N., long. 100°05’ E.], Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 151 Garrulax chinensis propinquus (Salvadori) Dryonastes propinquus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 3, vol. 6, 1915, p. 6 (“‘presso Thagata, a sud-ovest del Mooleyit,’”” Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak, Kanchanaburi, Rat Buri). Garrulax merulinus laoensis Meyer de Schauensee Garrulaz (Stactocichla) merulinus laocensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, June 11, 19388, p. 27 (Doi Pha Hom Pok [lat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). Garrulax erythrocephalus schistaceus Deignan Garrulax erythrocephalus schistaceus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 21, May 19, 1938, p. 89 (Doi Luang Chiang Dao [lat. 19°25’ N., long. 98°55’ E.J, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the high mountains of Chaiya Prakan and northern Chiang Mai. Garrulax erythrocephalus melanostigma Blyth Glarrulaz]. melanostigma Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 268 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the high mountains of southern Chiang Mai. Garrulax erythrocephalus subconnectens Deignan Garrulaa erythrocephalus subconnectens Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 21, May 19, 1938, p. 90 (Doi Phu Kha [lat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Garrulax erythrocephalus peninsulae (Bowdler Sharpe) Trochalopterum peninsule Bowlder Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, pt. 3, No. 29, Oct. 1, 1887, p. 436, pl. 37 (Larut Range, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the high mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). 546—-019—63——11 152 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Garrulax milnei sharpei (Rippon) Trochalopterum sharpei Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 12, No. 82, Oct. 30, 1901, p. 13 (‘the Kauri-Kachin tract, to the east of Bhamo, and bordering on the south of the Tapeng River,’ Bhamo District, Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: Reported only from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus LIOCICHLA Swinhoe Liocichla ripponi (Oates) Trochalopterum rippont Oates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 10 (Shan States, Burma). Range: Reported only from mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus LEIOTHRIX Swainson Leiothrix argentauris galbana (Mayr and Greenway) Mesia argentauris galbana Mayr and Greenway, Proc. New Eng- land Zoél. Club, vol. 17, Mar. 24, 1938, p. 3 (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Leiothrix argentauris tahanensis (Yen) Mesia argentauris tahanensis ‘‘Robinson” Yen, Science Journal [College of Science, Sun Yatsen University, Canton, China], vol. 6, No. 2, December 1934, pp. 378 [in key], 379 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus CUTIA Hodgson Cutia nipalensis melanchima Deignan Cutia nipalensis melanchima Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 37, No. 3, Mar. 15, 1947, p. 105 (Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus PTERUTHIUS Swainson Pteruthius flaviscapis aeralatus Blyth Pteruthius eralatus ‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 24, No. 3, [not earlier than April] 1855, p. 267 (‘‘moun- tainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces,’”’ Lower Burma). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 153 Pteruthius flaviscapis ricketti Ogilvie-Grant Pterythius [sic] ricketti Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 14, No. 108, June 25, 1904, p. 92 (Kuatun, Fukien Province, and Chingtung, southern Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Pteruthius flaviscapis schauenseei Deignan Pteruthius erythropterus schauenseet Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 36, No. 12, Dec. 31, 1946, p. 428 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Pteruthius melanotis melanotis Hodgson Ptleruthius]. melanotis Hodgson, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than May] 1847, p. 448 (‘The Terai, at the base of the S. E. Himalaya’’; type specimen from Nepal, fide Gadow, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 8, 1883, p. 118). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Pteruthius aenobarbus intermedius (Hume) Allotrius intermedius Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, pp. 112, 115 (“Central Tenasserim Hills’’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung, fide Hume, in Hume and Davison, ibid., vol. 6, 1878, p. 370). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Genus GAMPSORHYNCHUS Blyth Gampsorhynchus rufulus torquatus Hume Gampsorhynchus torquatus Hume, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, No. 5, [not earlier than May] 1874, p. 107 (no locality given; type specimen from ‘‘the banks of the Younzaleen below the Pine forests in the Salween district,’ Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma, fide Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, 1874, p. 446). Range: The northern plateau (excepting Chiang Rai and Phayao), the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. 154 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus ACTINODURA Gould Actinodura ramsayi ramsayi (Walden) Actinura Ramsayi Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 402 (Karenni; type specimen from Kyebogyi [lat. 19°21’ N., long. 97°14’ E.], Karenni State, Upper Burma, fide Wardlaw Ramsay, in The ornithological works of Arthur, Ninth Marquis of Tweeddale, 1881, p. 415, footnote). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus MINLA Hodgson Minla strigula castanicauda (Hume) Siva castanicauda Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 100 (Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Minla cyanouroptera sordida (Hume) Siva sordida Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 1877, p. 104 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Minla cyanouroptera wingatei (Ogilvie-Grant) Siva wingatei Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 10, No. 68, Jan. 31, 1900, p. xxxvili (near Kunming, Yunnan Province, China). Range: Reported from mountains of the northeastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan). Minla cyanouroptera sordidior (Bowdler Sharpe) Siva sordidior Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 19, Oct. 1, 1888, p. 276 (Batang Padang Mountains, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus YUHINA Hodgson Yuhina castaniceps striata (Blyth) Ixulus striatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 413 (‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim prov- inces”’; type specimen from ‘‘Near Teethoungplee, 3000 feet,” THE BIRDS OF THAILAND P55 Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, jide Tickell, ibid., p. 452). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Yuhina castaniceps torqueola Swinhoe Siva torqueola Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 5, No. 27, March 1870, p. 174 (Tingchow Mountains, Fukien Prov- ince, China). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Yuhina flavicollis rogersi Deignan Yuhina flavieollis rogersi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 50) No; 59; Dec! 28;71937, p. 217° Mor Phu‘ Kha flat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Yuhina zantholeuca zaniholeuca (Hodgson) Erplornis]. zantholeuca Hodgson, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 13, pt. 1, No. 149, [not earlier than November] 1844, p. 380 (Nepal). Range: The western provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Yuhina zantholeuca tyrannulus (Swinhoe) Herpornis tyrannulus Swinhoe, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 23, July 1870, p. 347, pl. 10 (central Hainan). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Yuhina zantholeuca sordida (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Herpornis xantholeuca sordida Robinson and Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 11, vol. 1, No. 4, Oct. 23, 1919, p. 588 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.j, Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the easternmost portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Yuhina zanthcleuca canescens (Delacour and Jabouille) Erpornis xantholeuca canescens Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 1382 (Le Boe Kor [lat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Prachin Buri) and the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri, Rayong, Chanthaburi, Trat). 156 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Yuhina zantholeuca interposita (Hartert) Herpornis xantholeuca interposita Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 228, Dec. 4, 1917, p. 20 (Temengor [lat. 5°19’ N., long. 101°24’ E.], Perak State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus ALCIPPE Blyth Alcippe castaneceps castaneceps (Hodgson) [Minla] Castaneceps Hodgson, The India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 2, No. 1, April 1837, p. 33 ([Nepal]) ; type locality restricted to the Chandragiri Pass, near Katmandu, by Ripley, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 49, No. 3, December 1950, p. 397). Range: Mountains of the northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak. Alcippe castaneceps exul Delacour Alcippe castaneiceps exul Delacour, L’Oiseau et la Revue fran- caise d’Ornithologie, nouv. sér., vol. 2, No. 3, July 10, 1932, p. 427 (Phu Kang Ntoul [about lat. 15°23’ N., long. 106°25’ E.], Saravane Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Alcippe rufogularis major (Stuart Baker) Scheniparus rufigularis major Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 253, Nov. 9, 1920, p. 11 (Ban Pak Mat [lat. 18°52’ N., long. 101°51’ E.], Luang Phrabang Province, Laos). Range: Reported from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Alcippe rufogularis khmerensis (Meyer de Schauensee) Schoeniparus rufogularis khmerensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 90, June 11, 1938, p. 27 (Ban Bang Phra [lat. 12°15’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, Trat). Alcippe brunneicauda brunneicauda (Salvadori) Hyloterpe brunneicauda Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 210 (“Ayer Manchor,” a waterfall at 10 kilometres from Padang Panjang [lat. 0°29’ S., long. 100°22’ E.] on the road to the Padang Highlands, Su- matra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat and Krabi to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND EST Alcippe poiocicephala haringtoniae Hartert Alcippe haringtonie Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 154, Nov. 4, 1909, p. 10 (Bhamo [lat. 24°15’ N., long. 97°14’ E.], Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chiang Rai south to north- ern Tak. Alcippe poioicephala alearis (Bangs and Van Tyne) Alcippornis poiocephala alearis Bangs and Van Tyne, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser., vol. 18, No.1, Apr. 9, 1930, p. 4 (Muang Mun [lat. 21°42’ N., long. 103°21’ E.], Laichau Prov- ince, Tongking). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan, Uttaradit) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Alcippe poioicephala karenni Robinson and Boden Kloss Alcippe phxocephala karenni Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. and Proce. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, new ser., vol. 18, No. 10, Nov. 30, 1923, p. 563. New name for Alcippe magnirostris Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, extra No., 1875, p. 115 (Karenni State, Upper Burma), not Alcippe magniros- tris Moore, 1854. Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern provinces from southern Tak south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Alcippe poioicephala davisoni Harington Alcippe phxocephala davisoni Harington, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 23, No. 3, Feb. 2, 1915, pp. 447 [in key], 453 (“Tavoy, Mergui and to the south . . .”; type locality here restricted to the Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Alcippe peracensis eremita Riley Alcippe nipalensis eremita Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 49, No. 5, Mar. 9, 1936, p. 25 (Khao Saming [lat. 12°21’ N., long. 102°27’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, Trat). Alcippe morrisonia fraterculus Rippon Alcippe fratercula [sic] Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 11, No. 74, Oct. 27, 1900, p. 11 (Southern Shan State, Upper Burma). Range: Reported only from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). 158 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus HE'TEROPHASIA Blyth Heterophasia annectens mixta Deignan Heterophasia annectens mizta Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 61, No. 2, Mar. 4, 1948, p. 15 (Doi Pha Hom Pok flat. 20°05’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chaiya Prakan Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the northwesternmost provinces (Chaiya Prakan). Heterophasia annectens saturata (Walden) Lieioptila]. saturata Walden, in Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, ser. 3, vol. 5, No. 19, July 1875, p. 352, footnote (Karenni State, Burma). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (excepting Chaiya Prakan). Heterophasia melanoleuca melanoleuca (Blyth) Sibia melanoleuca ‘Tickell” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 413 (‘‘mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from Mulayit Taung flat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Tickell, ibid., p. 451). Leioptila melanoleuca laeta Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Aug. 12, 1929, p. 470 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Heterophasia picaoides cana (Riley) Sibia picaoides cana Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 16, May 29, 1929, p. 166 (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N.., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Subfamily ORTHON Y CHINAE Genus KEUPETES Temminck Eupetes macrocerus macrocerus Temminck Hupetes macrocerus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nou- veau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 87,] vol. 2, January 1831, pl. 516 and text (Padang flat. 0°58’ S., long. 100°21’ E.], Sumatra). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 159 Eupetes macrocercus [sic] griseiventris Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 227, Oct. 30, 1917, p. 8 (Sathani Thung Song [lat. 8°10’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Subfamily PARADOXORNITHINAE Paradoxornis nipalensis feae (Salvadori) Suthora Feae Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 7, July 1, 1889, p. 363 (‘nei Monti Carin,” Burma). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Paradoxornis davidianus thempsoni (Bingham) Suthora thompson Bingham, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 13, No. 97, Apr. 29, 1903, p. 63 (“. . . north-east of Kyatpyin village near the Paunglaung stream,” Loilong State, Southern Shan State, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Paradoxornis gularis transfluvialis (Hartert) Scxorhynchus gularis transfluvialis Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 7, No. 3, Dec. 8, 1900, p. 548 (Guilang, United District of Mikir and North Cachar Hills, Assam State, India). Range: The western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Tak). Paradoxornis gularis laotianus (Delacour) Psittiparus gularis laotianus Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 19 (Chiang Khwang [lat. 19°19’ N., long. 103°22’ E.], Chiang Khwang Province, Laos). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (mountains of the Khun Tan Range). Paradoxornis guttaticollis David Paradoxornis guttaticollis David, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 7, Bull., [not earlier than Nov. 4,] 1871, pp. 8 [nomen nudum], 14 (‘Setchuan-Moupin,” China; type specimen from ‘‘le Setch- uan occidental,” fide David, in David and Oustalet, Les oiseaux de la Chine, 1877, p. 204). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). 160 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Subfamily TURDINAE Genus BRACHYPTERYX Horsfield Brachypteryx leucophrys carolinae La Touche Brachypteryx caroline La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 8, No. 56, Oct. 31, 1898, p. ix (Kuatung, Fukien Province, China). Heterozenicus nangka Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 45, No. 15, Apr. 2, 1932, p. 59 (Ban Mae Ton [lat. 18°55’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Brachypteryx leucophrys wrayi Ogilvie-Grant Brachypteryx wrayt Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 19, No. 127, Oct. 29, 1906, p. 10 (Gunong Batu Puteh, Perak State, and Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Brachypteryx montana cruralis (Blyth) Calliope (? Gould) cruralis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December?] 1843, pp. 929, 933 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India [type specimen from Sikkim, fide Finn, List of the birds in the Indian Museum, 1901, p. 69]). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (summit of Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.]). Genus ERITHACUS Cuvier Erithacus calliope calliope (Pallas) Motacilla Calliope Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 261, 325, 697 (“. .. a Tenisea vsque ad Lenam,” Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Erithacus pectoralis tschebaiewi (Przevalski) Calliope tschebaiewi Przevalski, Mongol i Strana Tangut, vol. 2, 1876, p. 44, pl. 9, fig. 1 (Kansu Province, China). Range: A visitor from central Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 161 Erithacus svecicus svecicus (Linnaeus) [Motacilla] svecica Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 187 (‘an Europe alpinis’’; type locality restricted to “Schweden und Lappland,” by Hartert, Die Vogel der palaiark- tischen Fauna, heft 6, 1910, p. 745, ex Fauna Svecica). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus and the central plains. Erithacus cyane cyane (Pallas) Motacilla Cyane Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol 3, 1776, pp. 220 (footnote), 697 me Dauurie extremis campis inter Ononem et Argunum ... ,’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus TARSIGER Hodgson Tarsiger cyanurus ussuriensis Stegmann Tarsiger cyanurus ussuriensis “Sushk. (in litt.)’’ Stegmann, Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskovo Muzefa, Akademifé Nauk SSSR [Annuaire du Musée Zoologique, Académie des Sciences de VU.R.S.S.], vol. 29, 1929, p. 229 (Ussuriland and Manchuria). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Tarsiger cyanurus rufilatus (Hodgson) Nlemura]. rufilatus Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 27 ([Nepal]). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus COPSYCHUS Wagler Copsychus saularis saularis Linnaeus [Gracula] Saularis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 109 (Asia; type locality restricted to Bengal State, India, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 571, ex Edwards). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chiang Rai south to Tak. Copsychus saularis erimelas Oberholser Copsychus saularis erimelas Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 1 (Kawkareik [lat. 16°35’ N., long. 98°15’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). 162 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces from south- ern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Copsychus saularis musicus (Raffles) Lanius musicus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 307 (Sumatra; type locality restricted to Benkulen [lat. 3°47’ S., long. 102°15’ E.], by Kinnear and Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 315, 1927, p. 130). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Copsychus malabaricus indicus (Stuart Baker) kuittacincla macroura indica Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 2, May 7, 1924, pp. x [nomen nudum!], 117 fin key], 118 (The Duars, Assam State, India). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chiang Rai south to Tak. Copsychus malabaricus interpositus (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Kittacincla malabarica interposita Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 4, December 1922, p. 262 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.], Phan- rang Province, Annam). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae, Nan, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau, the southeastern pro- vinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces from south- ern Tak to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Copsychus malabaricus pellogynus (Oberholser) Kittacincla malabarica pellogyna Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 4 (Bok Pyin [lat. 11°16’ N., long. 98°46’ E., Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus PHOENICURUS Forster Phoenicurus auroreus leucopterus Blyth Phenicura leucoptera Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December ?] 18438, p. 962 (“The Malay Peninsula’’). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai), THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 163 Genus RHYACORNIS Blanford Rhyacornis fuliginosus tenuirostris (Stresemann) Chimarrornis fuliginosa tenuirostris Stresemann, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 71, heft 2/3, June 15, 1923, p. 364 (Siuhang, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: Reported from mountain streams of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chatya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Genus MYIOMELA G. R. Gray Myiomela leucura leucura (Hodgson) M{uscisylvia|. leueura Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 27 ([Nepal]). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). Genus ENICURUS Temminck Enicurus rufficapillus Temminck Enicurus rufficapillus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 90,] vol. 3, July 1832, pl. 534 and text (Palembang [lat. 3°00’ S., long. 104°44’ E.], Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Enicurus immaculatus (Hodgson) [Motacilla (Enicurus)| Immaculatus Hodgson, Asiatick Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, [not earlier than September] 1836, p. 190 (Nepal). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son). Enicurus schistaceus (Hodgson) [Motacilla (Enicurus)| Schistaceus Hodgson, Asiatick Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, [not earlier than September| 1836, p. 189 (Nepal). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and the western provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Enicurus leschenaulti indicus Hartert Enicurus leschenaulti indicus Hartert, Die Vogel der paldark- tischen Fauna, band 1, heft 6, June 1910, p. 760 (Margherita, Lakhimpur District, Assam State, India). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to southern Tak, and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). 164 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Enicurus leschenaulti frontalis Blyth E{nicurus). frontalis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February] 1847, p. 156 (Malay Pen- insula). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Genus COCHOA Hodgson Cochoa purpurea Hodgson Cochoa purpurea Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 54, June 1836, p. 359 (Nepal). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Cochoa viridis Hodgson Co|choa]. Viridis Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 5, No. 54, June 1836, p. 359 (Nepal). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Nan). Genus SAXICOLA Bechstein Saxicola torquata yunnanensis (La Touche) Pratincola torquata yunnanensis La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 278, Apr. 30, 1923, p. 184 (Shuitang [lat. 23°05’ N., long. 103°39’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from southern China, reported on migration or in winter from the northernmost portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan). Saxicola torquata maura (Pallas) Motacilla maura Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 2, 1773, pp. 428, 708 (‘‘Karasulsk, N.W. of Ishim, 69° E., 56° N.,” Tyumen Oblast, Russian SFSR, fide Ticehurst, Ibis, 1938, p. 339, footnote). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Saxicola caprata burmanica Stuart Baker Sazicola caprata burmanica Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 271, Oct. 27, 1922, p. 19 (Pegu, Pegu District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Tak), the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun), and the northwestern portion of the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 165 Saxicola ferrea J. E. Gray Saxicola ferrea J. E. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and draw- ings of Mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. to the British Museum, 1846, pp. 71 [nomen nudum!], 153 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus CHAIMARRORNIS Hodgson Chaimarrornis leucocephalus leucocephalus (Vigors) Phenicura leucocephala Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 3, Mar. 2, 1831, p. 35 (Himalayas). Range: Mountain streams of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Genus MONTICOLA Boie Monticola gularis (Swinhoe) Orecetes gularis Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 5, No. 17, January 1863, p. 98, pl. 3 (“Northern China”; type specimen from Tientsin, Hopeh Province, China, fide Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1862, pt. 3, February 1863, pp. 315, 318). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the eastern plateau (Ubon), the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Trat), and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Krabi). Monticola rufiventris sinensis A. C. Meinertzhagen Monticola rufiventris sinensis A. C. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 316, July 14, 1927, p. 148 (Kuatung, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migation or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Monticola solitarius affinis (Blyth) Pletrocincla]. affinis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 1, No. 134, [not earlier than March] 1843, p. 177* (Dar- jeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, and Tenas- serim Division, Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. 166 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Monticola solitarius philippensis (Statius Miiller) Turdus Philippensis Statius Miiller, Véllstindigen Natursystems Supplements- und Register-Band, 1776, p. 145 (Philippine Islands, ex Buffon). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Genus MYOPHONUS Temminck Myophonus caeruleus caeruleus (Scopoli) Gracula (caerulea) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae Insubricae, pars. 2, 1786, p. 88, sp. 42 (China, ez Sonnerat; type locality restricted to Canton, Kwangtung Province, by Stresemann, Abh. Ber. Mus. Tierk. Vélkerk. Dresden, band 16, hft. 2, 1924, p. 28). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun) and the north- western portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Myophonus caeruleus temminckii Vigors Myophonus Temminckii Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 14, Mar. 2, 1832, p. 171 (Himalayas). Myophonus caeruleus rileyt Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 6, Feb. 18, 1938, p. 25 (Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Myophonus caeruleus eugenei (Hume) Myiophoneus Hugener Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 1, No. 6, December 1873, p. 475 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, and “the western Pegu Hills,’ Burma). ?Myiophoneus klossii Robinson, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 8, 1915, p. 750 (Ko Mai Si [lat. 11°55’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], an islet off the coast of Trat Province, Thailand). Myiophoneus stonei Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Aug. 12, 1929, p. 469 (““Chieng Mai’== the foot of Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the eastern plateau (Loei, Sakon Nakhon, Sara Buri, Lop Buri), and the western and peninsular pro- THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 167 vinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan, but also reported, on migration or in winter, from islets off the coast of Trat. Myophonus caeruleus crassirostris (Robinson) Myiophoneus crassirostris Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 25, No. 160, May 12, 1910, p. 99 (Ban Khok Khan [lat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Myophonus temminckia changensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 41, No. 48, Dec. 18, 1928, p. 207 (Ko Chang [lat. 12°00’ N., long. 102°30’ E.], off the coast of Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal regions of the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chan- thaburi) and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Satun. Myophonus caeruleus dicrorhynechus Salvadori Myophonus dicrorhynchus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 227 (‘“‘Ayer Manchor,” a waterfall at 10 kilometres from Padang Panjang [lat. 0°29’ S., long. 100°22’ E.] on the road to the Padang Highlands, Su- matra). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Genus ZOOTHERA Vigors Zoothera interpres interpres (Temminck) Turdus interpres “Kuhl” Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 75,] vol. 2, [late in] 1827, pl. 458 and text (Java and Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Zocthera sibirica sibirica (Pallas) Turdus sibiricus Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 694 (“. . . in syluis alpinis et borealioribus Sibiriae . . .”’; type specimen from the river Konda, Buryat-Mongol ASSR, Russian SFSR, fide Pallas, ibid., p. 186 [where called 7. alpinus, nomen nudum)). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Zoothera citrina innotata (Blyth) Geocichla innotota [sic] Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 173, [not earlier than Dec. 2,] 1846, p. 370 (Nicobar Islands and Malaya; type locality restricted to the Malay Peninsula, by Blyth, 2bid., vol. 16, 1847, p. 146). 546-019 6312 168 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Tak) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), but, on migration or in winter, also from the southeastern provinces (Trat, Chanthaburi) and the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Trang. Zoothera citrina gibson-hilli (Deignan) Geokichla citrina gibson-hilli Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 35, pt. 2, No. 8, Aug. 1, 1950, p. 127 (Sungei Balik [about lat. 10°31’ N., long. 98°33’ E.], Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan, but, on migration or in winter, reported also from the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Satun. Zoothera dixoni (Seebohm) Geocichla dixont Seebohm, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 5, 1881, pp. 149 [in key], 161 (Nepal and Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). Zoothera dauma varia (Pallas) Turdus varius Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, tom. 1, 1811, p. 449 (“in alpestribus Sibiriae, . . . Krasnoyariad Jeniseam, circa Bargusin”’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Zoothera dauma socia (Thayer and Bangs) Oreocincla dauma socia Thayer and Bangs, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., vol. 40, No. 4, August 1912, p. 174 (Tatsienlu=Kangting flat. 30°03’ N., long. 102°02’ E.], Hsikang Province, China). Range: A visitor from southwestern China, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Zoothera dauma dauma (Latham) [Turdus| Dauma Latham, Index ornithologicus, vol. 1, 1790, p. 362 (India; type locality restricted to Kashmir, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 720). Turdus aureus angustirostris Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: The northwestern provinces from Chaiya Prakan south to Tak and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 169 Zoothera dauma affinis (Richmond) Oreocinela horsfieldi affinis Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 15, No. 29, June 25, 1902, p. 158 (Khao Nok Ra [lat. 7°25’ N., long. 99°55’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Zoothera marginata Blyth Zioothera]. marginata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February] 1847, p. 141 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: Evergreen forests of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, and of the western provinces south to southern Tak. Genus TURDUS Linnaeus Turdus dissimilis dissimilis Blyth T{urdus}. dissimilis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February] 1847, p. 144 (“. . . Lower Bengal . . . the Himalaya” [error?]; type locality [inferen- tially] restricted to Lower Bengal, by Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 7, 1930, p. 117). Range: Reported only from the northwestern portion of the north- ern plateau (Chaiya Prakan). Turdus boulboul yaoschanensis Yen Turdus boulboul yaoschanensis Yen, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Natur. [Paris], sér. 2, tome 4, No. 4, [not earlier than June 18,] 1932, p. 380 (Yaoshan Range, Kwangsi Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Turdus obscurus obscurus Gmelin [Turdus] obscurus Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 816 (‘an Sibiriae silvis, ultra lacum Baical’’). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. 170 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Subfamily SYLVIINAE Genus SEICERCUS Swainson Seicereus burkii tephrocephalus (Anderson) Culicipeta tephrocephalus [sic] Anderson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 1, June 1871, p. 213 (Bhamo, Bhamo District, Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei), and the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). Seicercus burkii distinectus (La Touche) Cryptolopha burkir distincta La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 272, Nov. 29, 1922, p. 41 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N.., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lampang, Nan, Uttaradit) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun). Seicercus poliogenys (Blyth) O[ulicipeta]. poliogenys Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than May] 1847, p. 441 (Darjeeling, Dar- jeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Seicercus castaniceps collinsi Deignan Seicercus castaniceps collinsi Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 56, No. 5, Feb. 25, 1943, p. 29 (Doi Langka= Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Seicercus castaniceps youngi (Robinson) Cryptolopha youngi Robinson, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 5, No. 3, March 1915, p. 100 (Khao Nong [lat. 8°55’ N., long. 99°38’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Genus ABROSCOPUS Stuart Baker Abroscopus superciliaris drasticus Deignan Abroscopus superciliaris drasticus Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 60, No. 4, Apr. 3, 1947, p. 20 (Margherita, Lakhimpur District, Assam State, India). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 71 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Abroscopus superciliaris superciliaris (Blyth) Abrornis superciliaris ‘“Tickell”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 28, No. 4, 1859, p. 414 (“mountainous interior of the Tenasserim provinces’; type specimen from ‘‘Woods of Teewap’hado. 1100 feet,’’? Amherst District, Tenasserim Divi- sion, Burma, fide Tickell, ibid., p. 453). Range: The northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Abroscopus superciliaris bambusarum Deignan Abroscopus superciliaris bambusarum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 60, No. 4, Apr. 3, 1947, p. 23 (Khao Phanom Bencha [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Phangnga Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Phangnga. Abroscopus superciliaris sakaiorum (Stresemann) Abrornis sakaiorum Stresemann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 31, No. 183, Dec. 27, 1912, p. 27 (‘Upper Batang-Padang Valley,” Perak-Pahang Boundary, Malaya). Range: Reported from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang), Abroscopus albogularis hugonis Deignan Abroscopus albogularis hugonis Deignan, Auk, vol. 55, No. 3, July 12, 1938, p. 510 (Ban Mae Ton [lat. 18°55’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus GERYGONE Gould Gerygone fusca sulphurea Wallace Gerygone sulphurea Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 3, February 1864, p. 490 (Solor Island, Solor Group, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). Gerygone griseus Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 27 (Ko Lak=Prachuap Khiri Khan [lat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°45’ E.J, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mangroves of the eastern coast (Samut Prakan, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Nakhon Si Thammarat) and of the western coast (Phuket, Trang). 172 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus PHYLLOSCOPUS Boie Phylloscopus subaffinis subaffinis Ogilvie-Grant Phylloscopus subaffinis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 10, No. 68, Jan. 31, 1900, p. xxxvii (Puan, Kweichow Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus fuscatus fuseatus (Blyth) Phillopneuste [sic] fuscata Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 121, January 1842, p. 113 (“Shot in the neighbourhood”’ [of Calcutta, Bengal State, India)). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Phylloscopus armandii armandii (Milne-Edwards) Abrornis Armandii Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 1, Bull., 1865, p. 22, pl. 2, fig. 1 (no locality given; type specimen from ‘mountains W. and N.W. of Pekin,’’ China, jide Ticehurst, A systematic review of the genus Phylloscopus, 1938, p. 91). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus armandii perplexus Ticehurst Phylloscopus armandii perplerus Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 54, No. 374, Jan. 27, 1934, p. 96 (““Chien-Chuan Valley’ = Kienchwan Valley [lat. 26°40’ N., long. 100°00’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus schwarzi (Radde) Sylvia (Phyllopneuste) Schwarzi Radde, Reisen im Siiden von Ost- Sibirien, band 2, 1863, p. 260, pl. 9, fig. 1 (Kulusutai, Chita Province, Russian SFSR, and the Bureya Range, Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), and the southeastern portion of the central plains. Phylloscopus pulcher pulcher Blyth Ph{ylloscopus). pulcher ““Hodgson”’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Ben- gal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than Aug. 29,] 1845, p. 592 (Nepal). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 173 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Phylloscopus inornatus inornatus (Blyth) Regulus inornatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 191 (India; type specimens from Calcutta, Bengal State, fide Ticehurst, A sys- tematic review of the genus Phylloscopus, 1938, p. 100). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Satun. Phylloscopus inornatus mandellii (Brooks) Regulordes Mandellii Brooks, Stray Feathers, vol. 8, Nos. 2-5, October 1879, p. 389 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, and Sikkim). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). Phylloscopus proregulus chloronotus (J. E. Gray) Abrornis chloronotus J. E. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of Mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, pre- sented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. to the British Museum, 1846, pp. 66 [nomen nudum!], 152 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan). Phylloscopus maculipennis maculipennis (Blyth) Abrornis maculipennis Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 3, No. 9, January 1867, p. 27 (“Nipal or Sikhim”; type specimen from Nepal, jide Ticeburst, A systematic review of the genus Phylloscopus, 1938, p. 120). Range: Resident on high mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (summit of Doi Ang Ka [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.]). Phylloscopus borealis borealis (H. Blasius) Phyllopneuste borealis H. Blasius, Naumannia, jahrg. 1858, p. 313 (“Mer d’Ochotsk, Latitude 59°.38’ N., Longitude 147°.30/ E.’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. 174 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Phylloscopus trochiloides plumbeitarsus Swinhoe Phylloscopus plumbetiarsus Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 12, October 1861, p. 330 (‘between Takoo and Peking, in the neighbour- hood of the Peiho River,’’ Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Phyloscopus trochiloides obscuratus Stresemann Phylloscopus trochiloides obscuratus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 37, No. 3, May 6, 1929, p. 74 (‘“Stid-Tetungsche Berge, Langs-tang-schui-Schlucht,’” Kansu Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai), Phylloscopus trochiloides trechiloides (Sundevall) Acanthiza trochiloides Sundevall, Physiographiska Séllskapets Tidskrift [Lund], band 1, hafte 1, 1837, p. 76 (no locality given; type specimen taken on Feb. 15, 1828, on which day the col- lector was at Serampore, Hooghly District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Lampang) and the southwestern por- tion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). Phyllescopus tenellipes Swinhoe Phylloscopus tenellipes Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 53 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Phylloscopus coronatus (Temminck and Schlegel) Ficedula coronata Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 48, pl. 18 (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Phrae), the eastern plateau, the central plains, and the southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Trang. Phylloscopus reguloides claudiae (La Touche) Acanthopneuste trochiloides claudiez La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 271, Oct. 27, 1922, p. 22 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 175 Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Phylloscopus davisoni disturbans (La Touche) Acanthopneuste trochaloides disturbans La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 271, Oct. 27, 1922, p. 22 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan) and the north- western portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Phylloscopus davisoni davisoni (Oates) Acanthopneuste davisont Oates, Fauna of British India, Birds, vol. 1, 1889, pp. 412 [in key], 420 (Mulayit Taung [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 98°32’ E.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: Resident on the higher mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Phylloscopus davisoni intensior Deignan Phylloscopus davisoni intensior Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 209 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Trat). Phylloscopus ricketti ricketti (Slater) Cryptolopha ricketti Slater, Ibis, ser. 7, vol. 3, No. 10, April 1897, p. 174, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Kuatung, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun). Genus PHRAGAMATICOLA Jerdon Phragamaticola aedon (Pallas) Muscicapa Aédon Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 695 (“. . . inrupestribus, apricis Dauuriae crebra, canora etiam noctu’’; type specimen from the mountains between the rivers Brozya and Onon, Chita Province, Russian SKSR, fide Pallas, abid., p. 229 [where called M. rupicola, nomen nudum)). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Krabi. 176 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus ACROCEPHALUS Naumann Acrocephalus arundinaceus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel) Salicaria turdina orientalis Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 50, pl. 21 B [=20 B] (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces (Ranong, Phuket). Acrocephalus stentoreus brunnescens (Jerdon) A{grobates]. brunnescens Jerdon, Madras Journal of Literature & Science, vol. 10, No. 25, [not earlier than October] 1839, p. 269 (Trichinopoly=Tiruchirapalli, Tiruchirapalli District, Madras State, India). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the northwestern provinces (Chiang Mai, Tak). Acrocephalus concinens cincinens (Swinhoe) Calamoherpe concinens Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1870, pt. 2, November 1870, p. 432 (Peking, Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Swinhoe Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 51 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Uttaradit), the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces at the Isthmus of Kra. Genus LOCUSTELLA Kaup Locustella lanceolata (Temminck) Sylvia lanceolata Temminck, Manuel d’ornithologie, éd. 2, partie 4, 1840, p. 614 (‘“‘“Mayence,. . . non loin de cette ville,” error; type locality corrected to Russia, by Hartert, Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna, band 1, hft. 5, 1909, p. 553). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the south- western portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 177 Locustella certhiola minor David and Oustalet Locustella minor David and Oustalet, Les oiseaux de la Chine, 1877, p. 250 (Peking, Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan), the central plains (Bangkok, Samut Songkhram), and the peninsular provinces (Surat Thani). Genus MEGALURUS Horsfield Megalurus palustris toklao (Blyth) Turdus toklao ‘“Buchanan Hamilton” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soe. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 1, No. 134, [not earlier than March] 1843, p. 179*. Name made available for Megalurus sp., described ibid., vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 126, [not earlier than July] 1842, p. 603 (‘in the bazaar [Calcutta],”’ ex Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, 1842, p. 602, and Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 12, 1843, p. 99). Range: Found throughout the year in grasslands of the central plains, but also reported, on migration or in winter, from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus GRAMINICOLA Jerdon Graminicola bengalensis striata Styan Graminicola striata Styan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, No. 2, Nov. 1, 1892, p. vi (Hainan). Range: Recorded only from the southern portion of the central plains (where, however, it has not been found since 1923). Genus ORTHOTOMUS Horsfield Orthotomus sutorius inexpectatus La Touche Orthotomus sutorvus inexpectatus La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 272, Nov. 29, 1922, p. 42 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N.., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Orthotomus sutorius maculicollis Moore Orthotomus maculicollis Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 22, No. 279, May 8, 1855, p. 309 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from Krabi to the extreme South. tis U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Orthotomus atrogularis nitidus Hume Orthotomus nitidus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 507 (Tenasserim Division, Burma; ‘‘the northern half of the province,” fide Hume, ibzd., vol. 3, 1875, p. 325; specimens from Kyauknyat and Papun, Salween District, and from Tavoy and Thayetchaung, Tavoy District, fide Hume and Davison, ibid., vol. 6, 1878, p. 345). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchana- buri. Orthotomus atrogularis atrogularis Temminck Orthotomus atrogularis Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 101,] vol. 3, 1836, text to pl. 599 (“. . . 4 Malacca et 4 Bornéo’’; type locality [inferentially] restricted to Malacca, by Chasen and Boden Kloss, Journ. fiir Orn., Ergiinzungsband 2, 1929, p:120). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Orthotomus ruficeps ruficeps (Lesson) Edela ruficeps Lesson, Traité d’ornithologie, livr. 4, September 1830, p. 309 (“. . . edte nord-ouest de la Nouvelle-Hollande,”’ error; type locality corrected to ‘“Malacca, Malay Peninsula,” by Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, p. 88). Range: Reported from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Orthotomus sericeus hesperius Oberholser Orthotomus sericeus hesperius Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, [not earlier than Jan. 29,] 1932, p. 89 (Lingga Island, Lingga Archipelago). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Orthotomus cuculatus coronatus Blyth Orthotomus coronatus “Jerd. & Blyth” Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1861, pt. 2, August 1861, p. 200 (Sikkim; type specimen from Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 7, 1883, p. 230). Range: Reported from evergreen forest on mountains of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 179 Orthotomus cuculatus thais (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Phyllergates cucullatus thais Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 11, pt. 1, April 1923, p. 56 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang). Genus PRINIA Horsfield Prinia hodgsonii erro Deignan Prinia hodgsonii erro Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 6 (Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan), the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan), and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Prinia rufescens beavani Walden Prinia beavani Walden, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1866, pt. 3, April 1867, p. 551 (Shwegon, Thaton District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, the eastern plateau (along the river Mae Khong from Loei to Ubon), and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Prinia rufescens objurgans Deignan Prinia rufescens objurgans Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 3 (Ban Si Racha [lat. 13°10’ N., long. 100°55’ E.], Chon Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Prinia rufescens peninsularis Deignan Prinia rufescens peninsularis Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 3 (Trang Province [lat. 7°-8° N.], Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang (possibly extending northward as far as the southwestern portion of the central plains). Prinia rufescens extrema Deignan Prinia rufescens extrema Deignan, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 3 (Bang Nara=Narathiwat [lat. 6°25’ N., long. 101°50’ E.], Narathiwat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). 180 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Prinia subflava blanfordi (Walden) Drymeca blanfordi Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, extra No., Aug. 27, 1875, p. 118 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Prinia subflava herberti Stuart Baker Prinia inornata herberti Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 230, Jan. 28, 1918, p. 39 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Phra Nakhon Province, and Ban Sam Khok flat. 14°05’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau and the central plains. Prinia flaviventris delacouri Deignan Prinia flaviventris delacouri Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 103, No. 3, Sept. 1, 1942, p. 9 (Muang Chiang Mai [lat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai), the south- western portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), and the central plains. Prinia flaviventris rafflesi Tweeddale Prinia rafflesi Tweeddale, Ibis, ser. 4, vol. 1, No. 3, July 1877, p. 311, pl. 6, fig. 1 (vicinity of Lampung Bay, southern Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Trang, Narathiwat). Prinia polychroa cooki (Harington) Suya crinigera cooki Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 31, No. 189, July 10, 1913, p. 109 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo Dis- trict, Magwe Division, Burma). Range: Reported from the eastern plateau (Loei, Ubon, Nakhon Ratchasima) and the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). Prinia atrogularis erythropleura (Walden) Suya erythropleura Walden, in Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 43, pt. 2, extra No., Aug. 27, 1875, p. 120 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, Burma). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 181 Genus CISTICOLA Kaup Cisticola juncidis malaya Lynes Cisticola juncidis malaya Lynes, Ibis, ser. 12, vol. 6, suppl. No., August 1930, pp. 13 [nomen nudum], 92 (Klang, Selangor State, Malaya). Range: The northern plateau, the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Sara Buri), and the central plains. Cisticola exilis equicaudata Stuart Baker Cisticola exilis equicaudata Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 283, Jan. 5, 1924, p. 39 (Ban Sam Khok [lat. 14°05’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thai- land). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the eastern plateau (Udon Thani, Sara Buri), and the central plains. Genus TESIA Hodgson Tesia olivea (McClelland) Sazicola? olivea McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 82, March 1840, p. 161 (Assam State, India). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the southwestern provinces (south- ern Tak). Genus CETTIA Bonaparte Cettia squameiceps (Swinhoe) Tribura squameiceps Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, p. 292 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan) and the peninsular provinces (Chumphon, Ranong). Cettia pallidipes laurentei (La Touche) Urosphena laurentei La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 263, Nov. 29, 1921, p. 30 (Poutoutsing, Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Cettia canturiens canturiens (Swinhoe) Arundinaz canturians [sic] Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 52 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai). 182 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus BRADYPTERUS Swainson Bradypterus thoracicus thoracicus (Blyth) D\umeticola]. thoracica Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than Aug. 29,] 1845, p. 584 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Bradypterus thoracicus shanensis (‘Ticehurst) Tribura thoracica shanensis Ticehurst, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 16, 1941, p. 318 (Maymyo, Mandalay District, Mandalay Division, Burma). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Bradypterus luteoventris ticehursti Deignan Bradypterus luteoventris ticehursti Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, vol. 56, No. 15, June 16, 1943, p. 71. New name for Tribura luteoventris saturatus [sic] Ticehurst, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 16, 1941, p. 318 (Arakan Yoma, at border of Thayetmyo and Minbu Districts, Magwe Division, Burma), not Tribura thoracica saturata Yen, 1933. Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Bradypterus luteoventris idoneus (Riley) Tribura idonea Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 53, No. 11, Apr. 19, 1940, p. 48 (Dalat [forest along the river Cam- ly], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan). Subfamily MUSCICAPINAE Genus RHINOMYIAS Bowdler Sharpe Rhinomyias olivacea olivacea (Hume) Cyornis olivacea Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, Nos. 3 & 4, August 1877, p. 338 (‘in the extreme southern portion of the Tenas- serim Provinces’; specimens from Tenasserim Town, Ban- kasun, and Maliwun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 229). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 183 Rhinomyias umbratilis (Strickland) Trichostoma umbratile Strickland, in Jardine, Contributions to ornithology, for 1849, pt. —, 1849, p. 126, pl. [85], hind fig. (Borneo). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Genus MUSCICAPA Brisson Muscicapa sibirica sibirica Gmelin [Muscicapa] sibirica Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema na- turae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 986 (“. . . circa lacum Baikal, et in orientali Sibiria ad Camtschatcam usque,’? USSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai), the southeastern prov- inces (Chanthaburi), the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Muscicapa sibirica cacabata Penard Muscicapa sibirica cacabata Penard, Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 7, Oct. 31, 1919, p. 22. New name for H[emichelidon]. fuliginosa Hodgson, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 13, No. 146, August 1845, p. 32 ([Nepal]), not [uscicapa] fuliginosa Gmelin, 1789, or Muscicapa fuliginosa Sparrman, 1787. Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces (Ranong). Muscicapa sibirica rothschildi (Stuart Baker) Hemichelidon sibirica rothschildi Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, No. 280, July 20, 1923, p. 156 (Likiang Range, Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northwestern provinces (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Tak). Muscicapa latirostris cinereo-alba Temminck and Schlegel Muscicapa cinereo-alba Temminck and Schlegel, an Siebold, Fauna japonica, Aves, pts. 2 & 3, 1847, p. 42, pl. 15 ([Japan]). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun), the east- ern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). 546—019—63——_13 184 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa latirostris latirostris Raffles Muscicapa latirostris Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 312 (Sumatra). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Muscicapa latirostris siamensis (Gyldenstolpe) Alseonax siamensis Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 27 (Sathani Pang Hua Phong [lat. 18°25’ N., long. 99°15’ E.], Lampang Province, Thailand). Range: A permanent resident, reported only from the northern pla- teau (Chiang Mai, Lampang). Muscicapa williamsoni Deignan Muscicapa williamsoni Deignan, Ibis, vol. 99, No. 2, Apr. 1, 1957, p. 343 (Khao Phanom Bencha [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Krabi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from the southern portion of the central plains (Bangkok) and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chumphon, Phangnga, Krabi). Muscicapa rufilata (Swinhoe) Hemichelidon rufilata Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 57 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai), the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), and the peninsular provinces from Nakhon Si Thammarat south to Satun. Muscicapa thalassina thalassina Swainson Muscicapa thalassina Swainson, The naturalist’s library, vol. 21 ornithology, vol. 10], May 1838, p. 252 (India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Muscicapa thalassina thalassoides (Cabanis) G[laucomyias]. thalassoides Cabanis, Museum Heineanum, theil 1, [not earlier than Oct. 23,] 1851, p. 53, footnote. New name for [Hypothymis] (Muscicapa) thalassina Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 2, Feb. 3, 1851, p. 320 (Sumatra), not Muscicapa thalassina Swainson, 1838. Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 185 Muscicapa zanthopygia Hay Muscicapa Zanthopygia Hay, Madras Journal of Literature & Science, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 31, [not earlier than December] 1844, p. 162 (Malacca). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Nan, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima), the south- eastern provinces (Chanthaburi), the southern portion of the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat). Muscicapa mugimaki Temminck Muscicapa mugimaki Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 97,] vol. 3, 1835, pl. 577, fig. 2, and text (Japan). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Trat), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat, Satun). Muscicapa parva albicilla Pallas Muscicapa Albicilla Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 462, Aves, pl. 1 (Dauria, Russian SFSR, USSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Muscicapa strophiata strophiata (Hodgson) Siphia Strophiata Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 12, March 1837, p. 651 (Nepal). Siphia strophiata asema Deignan, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 99, No. 18, Dec. 11, 1940, p. 1 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N.., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Muscicapa monileger leucops (Bowdler Sharpe) Digenea leucops Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 18, August 1888, p. 246 (Shillong, Khasi and Jaintia Hills District, Assam State, India, and Karenni State, Burma). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). 186 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa solitaris submoniliger (Hume) Anthipes submoniliger Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 5, No. 2, June 17, 1877, p. 105 (‘Central Tenasserim Hills’’; specimens from “Mooleyit and its spurs,’ Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 232). Range: The western and peninsular provinces from Tak south to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Muscicapa solitaris malayana (Bowdler Sharpe) Digenea malayana Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, No. 18, August 1888, p. 247 (Larut Range, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Muscicapa hyperythra hyperythra Blyth [Muscicapa] hyperythra Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 2, No. 129, [not earlier than December] 1842, p. 885. New name for D[imorpha]. superciliaris Blyth, ibid., vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 190 (Nepal and Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India), not M{uscicapa). superciliaris Jerdon, 1840. Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Muscicapa dumetoria muelleri (Bowdler Sharpe) Muscicapa muelleri ‘““Temm.” Blyth, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 22, April 1870, p. 166 (Sumatra and Borneo). Nomen nudum! Erythromyias muelleri Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 4, 1879, pp. 199 [in key], 200, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Muscicapa hodgsonii (Verreaux) Siphia hodgsonii J. Verreaux, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris], tome 6, Bull., [not earlier than] 1871, p. 34 (Muping= Paohing, Hsikang Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). Muscicapa westermani australorientis Ripley Muscicapa westermanni [sic] australorientis Ripley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 65, No. 11, Apr. 25, 1952, p. 72 (Phu THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 187 Kobo [lat. 19°18’ N., long. 103°28’ E.], Chiang Khwang Prov- ince, Laos). Range: Reported from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Muscicapa westermani westermani (Bowdler Sharpe) Muscicapula westermanni [sic] Bowdler Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 19, Oct. 1, 1888, p. 270 (Gunong Ulu Batang Padang, Perak State, Malaya). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Muscicapa superciliaris aestigma J. E. Gray Musicapa exstigma J. E. Gray, Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of Mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. to the British Museum, 1846, pp. 90 [nomen nudem], 155 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Muscicapa sapphira laotiana (Delacour and Greenway) Muscicapula sapphira laotiana Delacour and Greenway, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 59, No. 423, June 17, 1939, p. 182 (Col de Taloun [about 19°53’ N., long. 102°20’ E.], Luang Phrabang Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Lamphun). Muscicapa cyanomelana cumatilis (Thayer and Bangs) Cyanoptila cumatilis Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 52, No. 8, May 1909, p. 141 (Ma-fu-ling, Hupeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai) and the southern peninsular provinces (Satun). Muscicapa grandis grandis (Blyth) [Chaitaris] grandis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 189 (Darjeel- ing, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Niltava grandis nobilis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 161 (Doi Ang Ka=Doi Inthanon flat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thai- land). Range: Reported from mountains of the northern plateau, on the West south to Tak. 188 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa grandis decipiens (Salvadori) Niltava decipiens Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 12, Dec. 23, 1891, p. 49 (‘‘{nella foresta di] Si Rambé” [at about 2°18’ N., long. 99°07’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Muscicapa macgrigoriae (Burton) Phenicura MacGrigoriz Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, No. 34, Feb. 12, 1836, p. 152 (“apud Montes Himalayenses,”’ India). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Muscicapa sundara denotata (Bangs and Phillips) Niltava sundara denotata Bangs and Phillips, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 58, No. 6, April 1914, p. 280 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Muscicapa vivida oatesi (Salvadori) Niltava Oatesi Salvadori Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 5, Dec. 12, 1887, p. 514 (Mulayit Taung, Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Niltava smithi Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 162 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Niltava williaminae Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 81, Aug. 12, 1929, p. 469 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Muscicapa concreta concreta S. Miiller Muscicapa concreta S. Miller, Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Ge- schiedenis en Physiologie, vol. 2, 1835, p. 351 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). Muscicapa hainana (Ogilvie-Grant) Siphia hainana Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 10, No. 68, Jan. 31, 1900, p. xxxvi (Wuchi Mountains, Hainan). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 189 Muscicapa unicolor unicolor (Blyth) Clyornis]. unicolor Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 1007 (Dar- jeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: Reported from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau. Muscicapa unicolor harterti (Robinson and Kinnear) Cyornis unicolor harterti Robinson and Kinnear, Nov. Zool., vol. 34, No. 3, July 31, 1928, p. 256. New name for Cyornis uni- color infuscata ‘‘(Blyth)” Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, December 1902, p. 550 (Java), not Muscicapa infuscata ‘‘Miiller’’ Blyth, 1870. Range: The peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Muscicapa rubeculoides glaucicomans (Thayer and Bangs) Cyornis tickelliae glaucicomans Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 52, No. 8, May 1909, p. 141 (‘‘Tan-swio-Yah,”’ Hupeh Province, China). Cyornis rubeculoides chersonesites Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 33, No. 17, Dec. 30, 1920, p. 85 (Trang Prov- ince, Thailand). Cyornis anak Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 4, December 1922, p. 261 (Sathani Khlong Muan [lat. 7°50’ N., long. 99°40’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: A visitor from China, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), the central plains (Ayutthaya), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Muscicapa rubeculoides dialilaema (Salvadori) Cyornis dialilema Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 7, Aug. 6, 1889, p. 387 (‘“Taho”’ [about lat. 19°28’ N., long. 96°48’ E.], Karenni State, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Lamphun, Lampang) and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Muscicapa rubeculoides klossi (Robinson) Cyornis rubeculoides klosst Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 262, Oct. 29, 1921, p. 12 (Dran [lat. 11°49’ N., long. 108°38’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). 190 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Muscicapa banyumas magnirostris (Blyth) Cyornis magnirostris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 18, pt. 2, [not earlier than August] 1849, p. 814 (Darjeeling, Dar- jeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces between the Isthmus of Kra and Trang. Muscicapa banyumas whitei (Harington) Cyornis whitei Harington, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 2, No. 9, September 1908, p. 245 (Watan, Bhamo District, Kachin State, Upper Burma). Range: The northern plateau and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Muscicapa banyumas lekhakuni Deignan Muscicapa banyumas lekhakuni Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 209 (Khao Laem [lat. 14°25’ N., long. 101°30’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima). Muscicapa banyumas deignani (Meyer de Schauensee) Cyornis banyumas deignani Meyer de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 7, June 8, 1939, p. [1] (Khao Soi Dao Tai flat. 12°55’ N., long. 102°10’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Chantha- buri, Trat). Muscicapa banyumas coerulifrons (Stuart Baker) Cyornis magnirostris cerulifrons Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 39, No. 236, Oct. 29, 1918, p. 8 (Ban Khlong Bang Lai=Ban Salui [lat. 10°45’ N., long. 99°10’ E.], Chumphon Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Krabi. Muscicapa tickelliae indochina (Chasen and Boden Kloss) Oyornis rufigastra indochina Chasen and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 321, Feb. 25, 1928, p. 73 (Da Ban [lat. 12°38’ N., long. 109°06’ E.], Phanrang Province, Annam). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 191 Muscicapa tickelliae sumatrensis (Bowdler Sharpe) Siphia sumatrensis Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 4, 1879, pp. 442 [in key], 451 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus MUSCICAPELLA Bianchi Muscicapella hodgsoni hodgsoni (Moore) Nemura Hodgson Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 1, 1854, p. 300 (Nepal). Range: Reported only from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus CULICICAPA Swinhoe Culicicapa ceylonensis calochrysea Oberholser Culicicapa ceylonensis calochrysea Oberholser, Smithsonian Mise. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 8 (““Quaymoo Choung”’ [a stream entering the river Thaungyin at about lat. 17°15’ N.], Amherst District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau, on the West south to Tak, and the greater portion of the eastern plateau. Culicicapa ceylonensis antioxantha Oberholser Culicicapa ceylonensis antioxantha Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 76, No. 6, July 16, 1923, p. 9 (Khao Soi Dao [lat. 7°20’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Culicicapa ceylonensis meridionalis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 281, Nov. 5, 1923, p. 12 (Khao Thung Song= Khao Wang Hip [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 99°48’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern portion of the eastern plateau, the south- eastern provinces, and the western and peninsular provinces from southern Tak to the extreme South. Genus PHILENTOMA Eyton Philentoma velatum caesium (Lesson) Monacha [sic] cesia Lesson, Revue Zoologique, ann. 2, June 1839, p. 167 (Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. 192 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Philentoma pyrhopterum pyrhopterum (Temminck) Muscicapa pyrhoptera Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 101,] vol. 3, 1836, pl. 596, fig. 1, and text (‘.. . . parties méridionales des files de Bornéo et de Sumatra’’; type locality restricted to Borneo, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 553). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus RHIPIDURA Vigors and Horsfield Rhipidura hypoxantha Blyth Rhipidura hypoxantha Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 1438, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 935 (Darjeeling, Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India). Range: High mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Rhipidura albicollis celsa Riley Rhipidura albicollis celsa Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 16, May 29, 1929, p. 166 (Doi Khun Tan [lat. 18°30’ N., long. 99°20’ E.], Lamphun Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau, and the western provinces south to southern Tak. Rhipidura albicollis atrata Salvadori Rhipidura atrata Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, vol. 14, Apr. 22, 1879, p. 204 (Mount Singgalang [lat. 0°24’ S., long. 100°20’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Rhipidura aureola burmanica (Hume) [Leucocerca] burmanica Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 9, Nos. 1 to 3, August 1880, p. 175, footnote (“. . . western half of the Thoungyeen valley,” Salween District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The northern plateau (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Phrae), the northwestern portion of the central plains (Sukhothai, Kamphaeng Phet), and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Rhipidura perlata 5S. Miiller Rhipidura perlata S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen . . . THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 193 Land- en Volkenkunde, pts. 6 & 7, 1843, p. 185, footnote (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Rhipidura javanica longicauda Wallace Rhipidura longicauda Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1865, pt. 2, October 1865, p. 476 (Sumatra). Range: The southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kamphaeng Phet to the extreme South. Genus HYPOTHYMIS Boie Hypothymis azurea montana Riley Hypothymis azurea montana Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 16, May 29, 1929, p. 165 (Muang Chiang Mai flat. 18°45’ N., long. 99°00’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the northern portion of the central plains, and the western provinces south to Kanchanaburi. Hypothymis azurea galerita (Deignan) Monarcha azurea galerita Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 210 (Ko Kut flat. 11°40’ N.., long. 102°35’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Coastal regions of the southeastern provinces, of the central plains (Bangkok), and of the northern peninsular provinces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Hypothymis azurea prophata Oberholser Hypothymis azurea prophata Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 39, No. 1803, Feb. 25, 1911, p. 597 (Great Karimon flat. 1°03’ N., long 103°22’ E.], Sumatra). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus TERPSIPHONE Gloger Terpsiphone atrocaudata atrocaudata (Kyton) Muscipeta atrocaudata Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 102 ([Malaya]). Terpsiphone sababensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, No. 27, July 23, 1934, p. 155 (Khao Sa Bap [lat. 12°35’ N., 194 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 long. 102°15’ E.], Chanthaburi Province, Thailand). Melanis- tic variety! Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi). Terpsiphone paradisi incei (Gould) Muscipeta Incei Gould, The birds of Asia, vol. 2, pt. 4, November 1852, pl. 19 and text (Shanghai, Kiangsu Province, China). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima), the south- eastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains (Bangkok, Kam- phaeng Phet), and the western and peninsular provinces from Kan- chanaburi to the extreme South. Terpsiphone paradisi saturatior (Salomonsen) Tchitrea affinis saturatior Salomonsen, Ibis, ser. 13, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 10, 1933, p. 732 (Buxa Duar, Jalpaiguri District, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the Northwest, reported on migration or in winter from the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Terpsiphone paradisi indochinensis (Salomonsen) Tchitrea affinis indochinensis Salomonsen, Ibis, ser. 13, vol. 3, No. 4, Oct. 10, 1933, p. 734 (Angkor Wat flat. 13°25’ N., long. 103°52’ E.], Siemreap Province, Cambodia). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to the extreme South (white males reported only from the southeastern provinces and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan southward). Subfamily PACH Y CEPHALINAE Genus PACH YCEPHALA Vigors Pachycephala cinerea cinerea (Blyth) Mluscitrea]. cinerea Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 16, pt. 1, [not earlier than February ] 1847, p. 122 (Ramree Island, Kyaukpyu District, Arakan Division, Burma). Range: Mangroves of the western coast and its offshore islets from the Isthmus of Kra to Satun. Pachycephala cinerea vandepolli Finsch Pachycephala Vandepolli Finsch, Notes from the Leyden Museum, vol. 20, Note 32, February 1899, p. 224 (Pulau Tello [lat. 0°04’ S., long. 98°16’ E.], Batu Group, Barussan Islands). Range: Mangroves of the eastern coast and its offshore islets from Trat to Narathiwat. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 195 Family MOTACILLIDAE Genus MOTACILLA Linnaeus Motacilla alba ocularis Swinhoe Motacilla ocularis Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 2, No. 5, January 1860, p. 55 (Amoy, Fukien Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lampang, Uttaradit), the eastern plateau (Phetchabun, Loei, Nong Khai, Ubon), and the central plains (Nakhon Sawan). Motacilla alba baicalensis Swinhoe Motacilla baicalensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1871, pt. 2, Otober 1871, p. 363 (‘Eastern Asia’’; type specimen from Lake Baikal, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 10, 1885, pp. 470, 471). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Lampang) and the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon). Motacilla alba leucopsis Gould Motacilla leucopsis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, No. 55, Jan. 22, 1838, p. 78 (India). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus and the central plains. Motacilla alba alboides Hodgson [Motacilla| Alboides Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, [not earlier than September] 1836, p. 191 (no locality given= Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (sand bars of the Mae Khong and the Salween). Motacilla caspica melanope Pallas Motacilla Melanope Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 696 (‘in Dauuria circa ripas glareosas rarius occurrit, neque in occidentalioribus visa,”’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular prov- inces south to Trang. 196 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Motacilla flava taivana (Swinhoe) Budytes tawana Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, pp. 274 [descr.], 334 [name, in list] (Formosa). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the central plains (Bangkok) and the peninsular prov- inces (Prachuap Khiri Khan). Motacilla flava macronyx (Stresemann) Budytes flavus macronyx Stresemann, Avifauna macedonica, July 1920, p. 76 (Vladivostok, Maritime Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phangnga, Trang, Pattani). Motacilla flava angarensis (Sushkin) [Budytes flava] angarensis Sushkin, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 38, No. 1, August 1925, p. 33 (‘Village Sharagolskaia, Transbaikalia,”’ Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Krabi. Motacilla citreola citreola Pallas Motacilla citreola Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 696 (“in Sibiria orientaliore frequens, rarior minorque in Russia’’). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Genus DENDRONANTHUS Blyth Dendronanthus indicus (Gmelin) [Motacilla] indica Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 2, 1789, p. 962 (India, ex Sonnerat and Latham). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern provy- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 197 Genus ANTHUS Bechstein Anthus hodgsoni yunnanensis Uchida and Kuroda Anthus maculatus yunnanensis Uchida and Kuroda, Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, vol. 9, pt. 2, June 1916, pp. [133, nomen nudum!], 134 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N., long. 103°27’ E.], Yun- nan Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces (southern Tak, Kanchana- buri, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Trang). Anthus hodgsoni hodgsoni Richmond Anthus hodgsoni Richmond, in Blackwelder, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publ. No. 54, Research in China, vol. 1, pt. 2, July 24, 1907, p. 493. New name for [Pipastes] maculatus “Hodgson” Jerdon, The birds of India, vol. 2, pt. 1, 1863, pp. 228-229 [descer.], vol. 3, 1864, p. 873 [name] (India), not [Mota- cilla] maculata Gmelin, 1789. Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan) and the eastern plateau (Loei, Nong Khai, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Ratchasima). Anthus novae-seelandiae richardi Vieillot Anthus Richardi Vieillot, Noveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 26, December 1818, p. 491 (France). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Anthus novae-seelandiae sinensis (Bonaparte) Clorydalla]. sinensis Bonaparte, Conspectus generum avium, tom. 1, pars 1, June 24, 1850, p. 247 (“China mer{fidionalis].’’). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phrae), the eastern plateau, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Anthus novae-seelandiae rufulus Vieillot Anthus rufulus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 26, December 1818, p. 494 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern plateau, the coastal regions of the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 198 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Anthus novae-seelandiae malayensis Eyton Anthus Malayensis Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 104 ({[Malaya]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Anthus cervinus (Pallas) Motacilla Cervina Pallas, Zoographia rosso-asiatica, tom. 1, 1811, p. 511 (“. . . in Sibiria tantum maxime orientali . . .’’). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Fi amily ARTAMIDAE Genus ARTAMUS Vieillot Artamus fuscus Vieillot Artamus fuscus Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire na- turelle, nouv. éd., tome 17, December 1817, p. 297 (Bengal State, India). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces (Chon Buri), the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Fi amily LANITDAE Genus LANIUS Linnaeus Lanius cristatus cristatus Linnaeus [Lanius] cristatus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 93 (Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from all parts of the northern plateau, the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi), and the central plains (Kamphaeng Phet). Lanius cristatus confusus Stegmann Lanius cristatus confusus Stegmann, Journ. fiir Orn., jahrg. 77, hft. 2, Apr. 29, 1929, p. 248 (Kumara, Khabarovsk Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan), the eastern plateau, the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 199 Lanius cristatus superciliosus Latham Lianius]. Superciliosus Latham, Index ornithologicus, suppl., 1801, p. xx (Jakarta, Java). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Lanius cristatus lucionensis Linnaeus [Lanius] lucionensis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 135 (Luzén Island, Philippine Islands). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Lamphun). Lanius tigrinus Drapiez Lanius tigrinus Drapiez, in Dictionnaire classique d’histoire naturelle, éd. Bory de Saint-Vincent, tome 13, 1828, p. 523 (Java). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the norther plateau (Lamphun, Phrae), the central plains (Bangkok), and the peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Lanius collurioides collurioides Lesson Lanius collurioides Lesson, in Bélanger, Voyage aux Indes-Orien- tales . . . Zoologie, pt. 4, August 1832, p. 250 (Pegu Division, Burma). Lanius hypoleucus siamensis Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., jahrg. 24, No. 2, February 1916, p. 28 (Prachuap Khiri Khan Tlat. 11°50’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, and the western and peninsular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Lanius tephronotus (Vigors) Collurio tephronotus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 4, Apr. 6, 1831, p. 43 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to Gyangtse, Tibet, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, No. 4, 1921, p. 698, and corrected to ‘Foothills of the Himalayas near Darjeeling [Darjeeling District, Bengal State, India], where breeding birds of the Gyantse district may be expected to winter,” by Mayr, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 47, No. 1, 1947, p. 127). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Phrae). 546—019—63——_14 900 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Lanius nasutus tricolor Hodgson [Lanius] Tricolor Hodgson, India Review and Journal of Foreign Science and the Arts, vol. 1, No. 10, January 1837, p. 446 (Nepal). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan). Lanius nasutus longicaudatus Ogilvie-Grant Lanius longicaudatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 27, August 1859, p. 151 (Thailand). Nomen nudum! Lanius nigriceps subsp. longicaudatus Ogilvie-Grant, Nov. Zool. vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 480 (Thailand; type locality restricted to Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, No. 4, 1921, p. 692. Lanius nigriceps schomburgki Kinnear, Ibis, ser. 14, vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 11, 1940, p. 729. New name for Lanius nigriceps subsp. longicaudatus Ogilvie-Grant, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 480 (Thailand), considered unavailable because derived from Lanius longicaudatus Gould, 1859, nomen nudum, placed in synonymy with [Lanius] schach Linnaeus, 1758, by Gadow, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 8, 1883, p. 262. Range: The southeastern provinces (Chon Buri) and the central plains. Family STURNIDAE Genus APLONIS Gould Aplonis panayensis strigatus (Horsfield) Turdus strigatus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 1, May 1821, p. 148 (Java). Lamprocoraz panayensis halictypus Oberholser, Journ. Washing- ton Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 516 (Ko Libong [lat. 7°15’ N., long. 99°25’ E.J, Trang Province, Thai- land). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus SAROGLOSSA Hodgson Saroglossa spiloptera (Vigors) Lamprotornis spilopterus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Sci. Corr. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, No. 3, March 2, 1831, p. 35 (Himalayas; type locality restricted to “the district Simla-Almora,’’ Hima- chal Pradesh State, India, by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 471). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 201 Range: Reported only from the southwestern provinces (southern Tak). Genus STURNUS Linnaeus Sturnus malabaricus nemoricola (Jerdon) Sturnia nemoricola Jerdon, Ibis, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1862, p. 22 (Thayetmyo, Thayetmyo District, Magwe Division, Burma). Range: Reported, mainly on migration or in winter, from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus sinensis (Gmelin) [Oriolus] sinensis Gmelin, Caroli a Linné . . . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars 1, 1788, p. 394 (China). Range: A visitor from the Northeast, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Lampang), the eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Nakhon Si Thammarat. Sturnus sturninus (Pallas) Gracula sturnina Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 210, 695 (‘“‘in salicetis Dauuriae australioris, circa Ononem et Argunum,’ Chita Province, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the southeastern provinces, the southern portion of the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra. Sturnus contra floweri (Bowdler Sharpe) Sturnopastor floweri Bowdler Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 7, No. 48, Nov. 29, 1897, p. xvii (‘“‘Pachim’’=Prachin Buri flat. 14°05’ N., long. 101°25’ E.], and ‘‘Tahkamen’’=Ban Prachantakham [lat. 14°05’ N., long 101°30’ E.], Prachin Buri Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus nigricollis (von Paykull) Gracula nigricollis von Paykull, Kongl. [Svenska] Vet. Akad. Handl., band 28, [not earlier than January] 1808, p. 291, pl. 9 (Canton, Kwangtung Province, China). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 202 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Sturnus burmannicus leucocephalus (Giglioli and Salvadori) Acridotheres leucocephalus Giglioli and Salvadori, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, vol. 5, disp. 3, Jan. 2, 1870, p. 273 (Thuduc [lat. 10°51’ N., long. 106°45’ E.], Giadinh Province, Cochin-China), Sturnia incognita Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 8, Nos. 2-5, October 1879, p. 396 (“between our [Tenasserim] Frontier and Bangkok in Siam’’). Range: The eastern plateau, the southeastern provinces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces from Tak south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus tristis tristis (Linnaeus) [Paradisea] tristis Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 167 (“an Philippinis,” error; type locality altered to Calcutta, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 3, 1926, p. 53, and corrected to Pondicherry, Madras State, by Stresemann, Ibis, vol. 94, 1952, p. 515). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Phatthalung and possibly farther. Sturnus javanicus grandis (Moore) Aleridotheres|. grandis Moore, in Horsfield and Moore, Catalogue of the birds in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company, vol. 2, 1858, p. 537 (Sumatra, error; type locality altered to Tenasserim Division, Burma, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 702, error, and corrected to Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Thailand, by Deig- nan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 526). Alcridotheres]. siamensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, p. 303 (Thailand; type locality re- stricted to Bangkok, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 527). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Sturnus mahrattensis torquatus (Davison) Acridotheres torquatus Davison, Ibis, ser. 6, vol. 4, No. 13, January 1892, p. 102 (Kampong Pulau Tawar [lat. 3°53’ N., long. 102°26’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: 'The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 203 Genus AMPELICEPS Blyth Ampeliceps coronatus Blyth A[mpeliceps]. coronatus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 122, [not earlier than March] 1842, p. 194 (Tenas- serim Division, Lower Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Trang. Genus GRACULA Linnaeus Gracula religiosa intermedia Hay [Gracula] intermedius [sic] Hay, Madras Journal of Literature and Science, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 31, [not earlier than Aug. 9,] 1845, p. 157 (“Northern India and Arracan’’; type locality infer- entially restricted to “N. India,” by Wardlaw Ramsay, in The ornithological works of Arthur, Ninth Marquis of Tweed- dale, 1881, p. 666, and further restricted to Cachar District, Assam State, India, apud Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 698). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Gracula religiosa religiosa Linnaeus [Gracula] religiosa Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 108 (Asia; type locality restricted to Java, ex Osbeck and Bontius [ef. Oberholser, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 159, 1932, pp. 92-93]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Family NECTARINITIDAE Genus ANTHREPTES Swainson Anthreptes simplex (S. Miiller) Nectarinia simplex S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pts. 6 & 7, 1843, p. 173, footnote (Sumatra and Borneo). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. 204 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Anthreptes malacensis malacensis (Scopoli) Certhia (malacensis) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae Insubricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 91 (Malacca, ex Sonnerat). Range: The southeastern provinces, the central plains (north to Phetchabun and Kamphaeng Phet), and the peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Anthreptes rhodolaema rhodolaema Shelley Anthreptes rhodolema Shelley, A monograph of the Nectariniidae or family of sun-birds, pt. 6, Feb. 5, 1878, p. [813], pl. [102], upper fig. (“Malacca and Sumatra”’; type locality restricted to Malacca, by Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 47, 1934, p. 116). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Anthreptes singalensis assamensis (Boden Kloss) Chalcoparia singalensis assamensis Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 50, No. 341, May 7, 1930, p. 70. New name for ‘‘Chalcoparia singalensis lepida (Latham)” Stuart Baker, The fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 3, Mar. 16, 1926 (“India, now restricted to Cachar [District, Assam State]’’), ex [Certhia] lepida Latham, 1790, not Certhia lepida Sparrman, 1787. Range: Reported from all the provinces of the northern plateau. Anthreptes singalensis koratensis (Boden Kloss) Chalcoparia singalensis koratensis Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 218 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.J], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Anthreptes singalensis stellae Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 35, pt. 2, No. 8, Aug. 1, 1950, p. 128 (Khao Saming [lat. 12°21’ N., long. 102°27’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: The whole of the eastern plateau and the southeastern provinces. Anthreptes singalensis internota Deignan. Anthreptes singalensis internotus [sic] Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 68, No. 23, Oct. 31, 1955, p. 147 (Ban Khlua Klang [about lat. 11°38’ N., long. 99°36’ E.], Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand). Range: The southwestern and peninsular provinces from Kanchana- buri south to Prachuap Khiri Khan, and eastward across the southern portion of the central plains to Ayutthaya and Bangkok. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 205 Anthreptes singalensis interposita (Robinson and Boden Kloss) Chalcoparia singalensis interposita Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States Mus., vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 209 (Ban Takua Pa [lat. 8°50’ N., long. 98°20’ E.], Phangnga Province, and Ban Khok Klap=Ban Na [lat. 8°53’ N., long. 99°17’ E.], Surat Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus HYPOGRAMMA Reichenbach Hypogramma hypogrammicum lisettae (Delacour) Anthreptes hypogrammica lisettae Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 47, No. 308, Nov. 6, 1926, p. 22 (Col des Nuages [lat. 16°11’ N., long. 108°08’ E.], Annam). Range: Reported only from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Nan). Hypogramma hypogrammicum nuchale (Blyth) Anthr[eptes|. nuchalis Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than December ?] 1843, p. 980 (Singapore Island, Malaya.) Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus NECTARINIA Illger Nectarinia sperata brasiliana (Gmelin) [Certhia] brasiliana Gmelin, Caroli a Linné .. . Systema naturae, ed. 13, tom. 1, pars. 1, 1788, p. 474 (“‘Brasilia,” error; type locality corrected to Java, by Oberholser, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 60, No. 7, 1912, p. 18, footnote 2). Range: The southeastern provinces, the southern portion of the central plains (Nakhon Nayok, Samut Sakhon), and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Nectarinia calcostetha calcostetha Jardine Niectarinia]. calcostetha Jardine, The natural history of the Nectariniadae, or sun-birds [The naturalist’s library, vol. 36], 1843, p. 263 (‘“E. Ind. Islands?”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 13, 1923, p. 229). Range: Coastal regions of the southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi) and the western shores of the Peninsula. 206 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Nectarinia jugularis flammaxillaris Blyth Nlectarinia]. flammazillaris Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 14, pt. 2, No. 164, [not earlier than Aug. 29,] 1845, p. 557. New name for ‘‘Nlectarinia]. jugularis Vieillot, apud Jardine” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, 1843, p. 979 (‘the Tenasserim provinces”), not ([Certhia| jugularis Linnaeus, 1766. Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces to the extreme South. Nectarinia asiatica intermedia (Hume) A{rachnechthra|. intermedia Hume, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, No. 23, July 1870, p. 436 (Tippera District, Bengal State, East Paki- stan). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Genus AETHOPYGA Cabanis Aethopyga gouldiae dabryii (J. Verreaux) Nectarinia Dabryii J. Verreaux, Rev. Mag. Zool., sér. 2, tome 19, May 1867, p. 173, pl. 15 (“Je nord de la Chine”; type locality corrected to “the hills above Ta-tsien-leou, which border the eastern [sic] boundary of the Chinese province of Sechnen [sic],’’ by Sclater, Ibis, ser. 2, vol. 6, 1870, p. 297 [cf. Deignan, Auk, vol. 61, 1944, pp. 133-135)). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun). Aethopyga nipalensis angkanensis Riley Aethopyga nipalensis angkanensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 162 (Doi Ang Ka=Doi Inthanon [lat. 18°35’ N., long. 98°30’ E.], Chiang Mai Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (summit of Doi Ang Ka). Aethopyga nipalensis australis Robinson and Boden Kloss Athopyga nipalensis australis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 44, No. 281, Nov. 5, 1923, p. 14 (Khao Luang [lat. 8°30’ N., long. 99°45’ E.], Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from high mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Nakhon Si Thammarat). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 207 Aethopyga saturata galenae Deignan Aethopyga saturata galenae Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 1, Jan. 15, 1948, p. 22 (Doi Langka= Khao Pha Cho [lat. 19°00’ N., long. 99°25’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang). Aethopyga saturata petersi Deignan Aethopyga saturata petersi Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 38, No. 1, Jan. 15, 1948, p. 22 (Pa Kha [lat. 22°32’ N., long. 104°18’ E.], Laokay Province, Tongking). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Aethopyga saturata anomala Richmond Aithopyga anomala Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, No. 1201, May 12, 1900, p. 319 (Khao Sung [lat. 7°32’ N., long. 99°50’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Trang). Aethopyga siparaja seheriae (Tickell) Necterinia [sic] Seheriz Tickell, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 2, No. 23, November 1833, p. 577 (Seheria, Manbhum District, Bihar State, India). Range: Reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai). Aethopyga siparaja cara Hume Ai{thopyga|. cara Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 2, No. 6, October 1874, p. 473, footnote (‘south of Moulmein,” Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Phrae, Nan), the eastern plateau (Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Ratchasima), the south- eastern provinces, and the central plains south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Aethopyga siparaja mangini Delacour and Jabouille Aithopyga siparaja mangini Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 291, Dec. 5, 1924, p. 34 (Lao Bao flat. 16°36’ N., long. 106°36’ E.], Quang Tri Province, Annam). Range: Reported from the easternmost portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon) and the easternmost portion of the central plains (Prachin Buri, at the Cambodian border). 208 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Aethopyga siparaja trangensis Meyer de Schauensee Aethopyga siparaja trangensis Meyer de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 98, May 17, 1946, p. 79 (Khao Phanom Bencha [lat. 8°15’ N., long. 98°55’ E.J, Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Evergreen forests of the southwestern and peninsular prov- inces from Kanchanaburi southward to Satun. Aethopyga siparaja siparaja (Raffles) Certhia Siparaja Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 13, pt. 2, [not earlier than November] 1822, p. 299 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Narathiwat). Aethopyga mystacalis temminckii (S. Miiller) Nectarina Temminckii S. Miiller, Verhandelingen over de Na- tuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Be- zittingen . . . Land- en Volkenkunde, pts. 6 & 7, 1843, p. 173, footnote (Mount Singgalang [lat. 0°24’ S., long. 100°20’ E.], Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Genus ARACHNOTHERA Temminck Arachnothera longirostra longirostra (Latham) [Certhia| longirostra Latham, Index ornithologicus, tom. 1, 1790, p. 299 (‘‘Bengala’”’; type locality here restricted to Tippera District, Bengal State, Pakistan). Range: The western provinces from Chiang Mai southward to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Arachnothera longirostra sordida La Touche Arachnothera longirostris [sic] sordida La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 263, Nov. 29, 1921, p. 32 (Hokow, Yunnan Province, China). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei). Arachnothera longirostra pallida Delacour Arachnothera longirostris [sic] pallida Delacour, L’Oiseau et la Revue Frangaise d’Ornithologie, nouv. sér., vol. 2, No. 3, July 10, 1932, p. 431 (Pakse [lat. 15°07’ N., long. 105°47’ E.], Bassac Province, Laos). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 209 Arachnothera longirostra cinireicollis (Vieillot) Cinnyris cinireicollis Vieillot, Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, nouv. éd., tome 31, September 1819, p. 502 (‘‘Son pays ne m’est pas connu’’; type specimen from Malacca, fide Chasen, A handlist of Malaysian birds, 1935, p. 281). Arachnothera longirostris [sic] antelia Oberholser, Journ. Wash- ington Acad. Sci., vol. 13, No. 11, June 4, 1923, p. 227 (Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Arachnothera crassirostris (Reichenbach) A{rachnocestra]. crassirostris Reichenbach, Handbuch der speciel- len Ornithologie, continuatio No. 11, Scansoriae, Aug. 1, 1853, p. 314, No. 741, pl. 529, No. 4016 (‘Ich erhielt sie nebst anderen unbestimmten indischen Végeln, ohne eine bestimmtere Angabe ihres Vaterlandes zu finden’’; type locality restricted to “Settle- ment of Malacca,’”’ by Robinson, Birds of the Malay Peninsula, vol. 2, 1928, p. 297). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Arachnothera robusta robusta 8. Miiller and Schlegel Arachnothera robusta S. Miiller and Schlegel, Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Zoologie (Aves), 1845, p. 68, pl. 11, fig. 1 (Sumatra). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Trang). Arachnothera flavigaster (Eyton) Anthreptes flavigaster Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 105 ([Malaya)]). Range: The peninsular provinces from Prachuap Khiri Khan to the extreme South. Arachnothera chrysogenys chrysogenys (Temminck) Nectarinia chrysogenys Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 65,] vol. 4, May 1826, pl. 388, fig. 1, and text (‘. . . Java, dans le district sauvage et boisé de Bantam’). Arachnothera chrysogenys intensiflava Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 46, No. 299, Nov. 4, 1925, p. 14 (Ban Krasom flat. 8°25’ N., long. 98°25’ E.], Phangnga Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. 210 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Arachnothera affinis caena Deignan Arachnothera affinis caena Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 210 (Ban Hin Laem [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The evergreen forest of the southwestern and northern peninsular provinces (Kanchanaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan). Arachnothera affinis modesta (Eyton) Anthreptes modesta Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 105 ({[Malaya]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Arachnothera magna musarum Deignan Arachnothera magna musarum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 210 (Doi Phu Kha [lat. 19°05’ N., long. 101°05’ E.], Nan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the evergreen forests of the northern plateau. Arachnothera magna pagodarum Deignan Arachnothera magna pagodarum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dee. 31, 1956, p. 211 (Ban Hin Laem [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 98°40’ E.], Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand). Range: The evergreen forest of the southwestern provinces (south- ern Tak, Kanchanaburi). Family DICAEIDAE Genus PRIONOCHILUS Strickland Prionochilus thoracicus (Temminck) Pardalotus thoracicus Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 101,] vol. 3, 1836, pl. 600, fig. 1, 2, and text (Borneo). Range: Reported only from the southern peninsular provinces (Phatthalung). Prionochilus maculatus septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss Prionochilus maculatus septentrionalis Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Federated Malay States, vol. 10, pt. 3, June 1921, p. 206 (Ban Tha San [lat. 10°30’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Ranong Province, Thailand). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 211 Prionochilus maculatus oblitus (Mayr) Anaimos maculatus oblitus Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., No. 14, Sept. 22, 1938, p. 42 (Semangko Pass, Selangor-Pahang bound- ary, Malaya). Range: Reported from the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani, Narathiwat). Prionochilus percussus ignicapillus (Eyton) Diceum ignicapilla [sic] Eyton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, No. 78, November 1839, p. 105 ((Malaya]). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Genus DICAEUM Cuvier Dicaeum agile pallescens (Riley) Piprisoma modesta [sic] pallescens Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 48, No. 29, Oct. 31, 1935, p. 148 (Ban Pak Chong [lat. 14°40’ N., long. 101°25’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Prov- ince, Thailand). Range: The eastern portion of the northern plateau (Lampang, Phrae, Nan), the southwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Nakhon Ratchasima, Sara Buri), the central plains (Bangkok), and the south- western provinces (Kanchanaburi). Dicaeum agile separabile Deignan Dicaeum agile separabile Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 211 (Dalat [lat. 11°55’ N., long. 108°26’ E.], Haut-Donai Province, Annam). Range: Reported only from the southeastern portion of the eastern plateau (Ubon). Dicaeum agile modestum (Hume) Prionochilus modestus Hume, Stray Feathers, vol. 3, No. 4, May 1875, p. 298 (‘‘S. Tenasserim’’; specimens from Mergui and Maliwun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma, fide Hume and Davison, Stray Feathers, vol. 6, 1878, p. 200). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra south to Trang. Dicaeum chrysorrheum chrysochlore Blyth Diczum chrysochlore Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 1009 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 212 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dicaeum chrysorrheum chrysorrheum Temminck Diceum |sic] chrysorrheum Temminck, in Temminck and Laugier, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, [livr. 80,] vol. 4, September 1829, pl. 478, fig. 1, and text (Java). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Dicaeum melanozanthum (Blyth) Plachyglossa]. melanozantha ‘Hodgson’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 143, [not earlier than December?] 1843, p. 1010 (Nepal). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Dicaeum trigonostigma rubropygium Stuart Baker Diczeum trigonostigma rubropygium Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 41, No. 259, Apr. 27, 1921, p. 108 (Mergui, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Range: The western peninsular provinces from Ranong to Phuket and Krabi. Dicaeum trigonostigma trigonostigma (Scopoli) Certhia (trigonostigma) Scopoli, Deliciae florae et faunae Insub- ricae, pars 2, 1786, p. 91 (China, er Sonnerat, error; type locality corrected to the Malay Peninsula, by Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 38, No. 234, May 22, 1918, p. 74, and restricted to Malacca, by Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 5, No. 3, Sept. 24, 1924, p. 388). Range: The peninsular provinces (exclusive of those inhabited by the preceding form) from Surat Thani to the extreme South. Dicaeum concolor olivaceum Walden Diceum olivaceum Walden, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 15, No. 90, June 1875, p. 401 (Toungoo, Toungoo District, Pegu Division, and Karen Hills, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus and the southwestern provinces (Kanchanaburi). Dicaeum cruentatum siamense Boden Kloss Diczum cruentatum siamensis [sic] Boden Kloss, Ibis, ser. 10, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 9, 1918, p. 216 (Sathani Lat Bua Khao [lat. 14°50’ N., long. 101°35’ E.], Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 213 Dicaeum cruentatum ignitum (Begbie) Nectarimia ignita Begbie, The Malayan Peninsula, 1834, p. 518 (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Dicaeum ignipectus ignipectus (Blyth) M{yzanthe]. ignipectus “Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 12, pt. 2, No. 148, [not earlier than December ?] 1843, p. 983 (Nepal and Bhutan; type specimens from Nepal, fide Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 10, 1885, p. 43). Range: Reported from mountains of the northern plateau. Dicaeum ignipectus cambodianum Delacour and Jabouille Diceum beccaria cambodianum Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 135 (Le Bockor flat. 10°37’ N., long. 104°03’ E.], Kampot Province, Cambodia). Dicaeum umbratile Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 48, No. 31, Nov. 29, 1930, p. 191 (Khao Kuap [lat. 12°25’ N., long. 102°50’ E.], Trat Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southeastern provinces (Trat). Dicaeum ignipectus dolichorhynchum Deignan Diczeum ignipectus dolichorhynchum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 51, No. 24, May 19, 1938, p. 97 (Khao Nam Pliu [lat. 7°35’ N., long. 99° 50’E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from mountains of the southern peninsular prov- inces (Trang, Phatthalung). Family ZOSTEROPIDAE Genus ZOSTEROPS Vigors and Horsfield Zosterops erythropleura Swinhoe Zlosterops]. erythropleurus [sic] Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 5, No. 19, July 1863, p. 294, footnote (‘‘N[forthern]. China”). Nomen nudum! Zosterops erythropleura Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, for 1863, pt. 2, August 1863, p. 204 (Shanghai, Kiangsu Province, and Tientsin, Hopeh Province, China). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, Nan). 214 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Zosterops japonica simplex Swinhoe Z\osterops|. simplex Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 3, No. 12, October 1861, p. 331 (“a Southern-Chinese form... ”). Nomen nudum! Zosterops simplex Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 5, No. 19, July 1863, p. 294 (“Southern China, from Canton to Foochow’’; type locality restricted to Hong Kong, by Mees, Zoologische Verhandelingen, No. 35, Oct. 16, 1957, p. 120). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in win- ter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Lampang) and the eastern plateau (Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima, Ubon). Zosterops palpebrosa joannae La Touche Zosterops aureiventer joanne La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 42, No. 263, Noy. 29, 1921, p. 31 (Mengtsz [lat. 23°23’ N.., long. 103°27’ E.], Yunnan Province, China). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai). Zosterops palpebrosa siamensis Blyth Zosterops siamensis Blyth, Ibis, new ser., vol. 3, No. 9, January 1867, p. 34 (Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). Yellow- bellied variety! Zosterops mesoxantha Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Gen- ova, ser. 2, vol. 7, Aug. 6, 1889, p. 396 (‘‘Tah6d” [about lat. 19°28’ N., long. 96°48’ E.], Karenni State, Burma). Gray- bellied variety! Zosterops palpebrosa vicina Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 42, No. 15, May 3, 1929, p. 162 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ E.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Gray- bellied variety! Range: Reported from mountains of the northern plateau, on the West southward to Tak. Zosterops palpebrosa williamsoni Robinson and Boden Kloss Zosterops palpebrosa williamsont Robinson and Boden Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 3, No. 4, Dec. 31, 1919, p. 445 (“Meklong’”’=Samut Songkhram [lat. 13°25’ N., long. 100°00’ E.], Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand). Range: Reported from localities along the eastern coast from Bang- kok to Pattani. Zosterops palpebrosa auriventer Hume [Zosterops] auriventer Hume, in Hume and Davison, Stray Feath- ers, vol. 6, Nos. 1-6, June 1878, p. 519 (Tavoy, Tavoy District, Tenasserim Division, Lower Burma). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 215 Range: Reported only from localities along the western coast (Phan- gnga, Trang). Zosterops everetti wetmorei Deignan Zostcrops atricapilla wetmorei Deignan, Zoologica, vol. 28, pt. 4, Dec. 31, 1943, p. 202 (“‘Chong”’ [lat. 7°30’ N., long. 99°47’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains and submontane districts of the peninsular prov- inces from Prachuap Khiri Khan south to Trang. Zosterops everetti tahanensis Ogilvie-Grant Zosterops tahanensis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 19, No. 127, Oct. 29, 1906, p. 10 (Gunong Tahan [lat. 4°38’ N., long. 102°14’ E.], Pahang State, Malaya). Range: Mountains and submontane districts of the southernmost peninsular provinces (Pattani). Family PLOCEIDAE Genus PASSER Brisson Passer montanus malaccensis A. Dubois [Passer montanus] var. Malaccensis A. Dubois, Faune illustrée des vertébrés de la Belgique, sér. des oiseaux, vol. 1, 1887, pp. 572 [nomen nudum!], 573 (Malacca). Range: Reported from inhabited lowland districts of the northern plateau, the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south of the Isthmus of Kra (Phuket, Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat). Passer flaveolus Blyth Plasser]. flaveolus Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 13, pt. 2, No. 156, [not earlier than] 1845, p. 946 (Arakan Division, Burma). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the southeastern prov- inces, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to the Isthmus of Kra. Genus PLOCEUS Cuvier Ploceus philippinus passerinus Reichenow P{loceus]. passerinus Hodgson, in J. E. Gray, Zoological Miscel- lany, No. 3, 1844, p. 84 ({Nepal]). Nomen nudum! Ploceus passerinus ‘‘Hodgs.’’ Reichenow, Zoologische Jahrbiicher, band 1, 1886, p. 156 (Nepal, ex Hodgson). Range: Reported only from the lowlands of the northern plateau. 546-019—63——_15 216 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Ploceus philippinus angelorum Deignan Ploceus philippinus angelorum Deignan, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, vol. 69, No. 36, Dec. 31, 1956, p. 211 (Bangkok [lat. 13°45’ N., long. 100°30’ E.], Phra Nakhon Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the central plains. Ploceus philippinus infortunatus Hartert Ploceus passerinus infortunatus Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, No. 3, Dec. 16, 1902, p. 577 (‘fon the Sungei Lebeh,”’ near Gunong Tahan, Pahang State, Malaya). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Ploceus manyar williamsoni Hall Ploceus manyar williamsoni Hall, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 77, No. 3, Mar. 1, 1957, p. 46 (Ban Sam Khok [lat. 14°05’ N.., long. 100°30’ E.], Pathum Thani Province, Thailand). Range: The Mae Khong drainage of the northern plateau (Chiang Rai) and the southern portion of the central plains. Ploceus hypoxanthus hymenaicus (Deignan) Ploceella hyporantha hymenaica Deignan, Auk, vol. 64, No. 2, Apr. 14, 1947, p. 305 (Nong Boraphet [lat. 15°43’ N., long. 100°14’ E.|, Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand). Range: Reported only from the southern portion of the central plains. Genus ESTRILDA Swainson Estrilda amandava amandava (Linnaeus) [Fringilla] Amandava Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1, 1758, p. 180 (‘an India orientali’”’; type locality restricted to Calcutta, Bengal State, India, by Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. 27, 1921, p. 725). Range: Once reported from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Estrilda amandava decouxi (Delacour and Jabouille) Amandava amandava decouxi Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 48, No. 325, July 10, 1928, p. 134 (Siem Reap flat. 13°22’ N., long. 103°51’ E.], Siem Reap Province, Cam- bodia, and Saigon, Cochin-China). Range: Occurring locally on the central plains (Nakhon Sawan, Pathum Thani). Genus ERYTHRURA Swainson Erythrura prasina prasina (Sparrman) Lozxia prasina Sparrman, Museum carlsonianum, fase. 3, 1788, pls. 72, 73 (Java). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND Alz Range: The northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei) and the peninsular provinces at the Isthmus of Kra (Ranong). Genus PADDA Reichenbach Padda oryzivora (Linnaeus) [Lozia] oryzivora Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, tom. 1g 1758, p. 173 (“Asia & Aithiopia”’; type locality restricted to Java, by Hartert, Nov. Zool., vol. 9, 1902, p. 439). Range: Introduced from Malaysia onto the central plains (Bangkok). Genus LONCHURA Sykes Lonchura striata acuticauda (Hodgson) M{unia). Acuticauda Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1836, p. 153 (Nepal). Range: The northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Lonchura striata subsquamicollis (Stuart Baker) Uroloncha striata subsquamicollis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 45, No. 293, Jan. 31, 1925, p. 59 (Bankasun, Mergui District, Tenasserim Division, Burma). Uroloncha acuticauda lepidota Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 16, No. 19, Nov. 18, 1926, p. 520 (Ban Tha Chin [lat. 7°34’ N., long. 99°34’ E.], Trang Province, Thailand). Range: The southeastern provinces (Chanthaburi, Chon Buri) and the peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Lonchura leucogastra leucogastra (Blyth) A[madina]. leucogastra Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 15, No. 172, [not earlier than December] 1846, p. 286, footnote (Malacca). Range: The peninsular provinces from the Isthmus of Kra to the extreme South. Lonchura punctulata topela (Swinhoe) Mumia topela Swinhoe, Ibis, vol. 5, No. 20, October 1863, p. 380 (“In China... from Canton to Shanghai, and in For- mosa .. .”; type locality [inferentially] restricted to Amoy, Fukien Province, by Bowdler Sharpe, Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 13, 1890, p. 352). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao, Chiang Mai), the southeastern provinces (Chon Buri), the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. 546-019—63—16 218 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Lonchura malacca deignani Parkes Lonchura malacca deignani Parkes, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 108, No. 3402, Oct. 21, 1958, p. 290 (Muang Chiang Rai [lat. 19°55’ N., long. 99°50’ E.J, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand). Range: The northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Lamphun), the central plains, and the peninsular provinces south to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Lonchura malacca sinensis (Blyth) Muna sinensis ‘‘(Edwards, pl. 43)’’ Blyth, Catalogue of the ~ birds in the Museum Asiatic Society, [not earlier than Sept. 1,] 1852, p. 337 (Penang Island, Malaya). Range: The southern peninsular provinces from Trang and Phat- thalung to the extreme South. Lonchura maja (Linnaeus) [Loxia] Maja Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 12, tom. 1, 1766, p. 301 (“an India ortentalv’’; type locality restricted to Malacca, ex Edwards). Range: The southern peninsular provinces from Trang and Phattha- lung to the extreme South. Family FRINGILLIDAE Genus MYCEROBAS Cabanis Mycerobas melanozanthos fratris-regis Deignan Mycerobas melanozanthos fratris-regis Deignan, Auk, vol. 60, No. 4, Oct. 7, 1943, p. 608 (Doi Suthep [lat. 18°50’ N., long. 98°55’ H.], Chiang Mai Province, Thailand). Range: Mountains of the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). Genus CARPODACUS Kaup Carpodacus erythrinus erythrinus (Pallas) Loxia erythrina Pallas, Novi Comm. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petropoli- tanae, vol. 14, pt. 1, 1770, p. 587, pl. 23, fig. 1 (“ad Volgam et Samaram”’; type locality restricted to “‘Wolga, als erst- genannter Fundort,” by Hartert, Die Végel der palaiarktischen Fauna, band 1, hft. 1, November 1903, p. 106, and further restricted to Kuibyshev [lat. 53°12’ N., long. 19°47’ E.], Kuiby- shev Oblast, Russian SFSR, by Deignan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 186, 1945, p. 567). Range: A visitor from northern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the western portion of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai). THE BIRDS OF THAILAND 219 Carpodacus erythrinus roseatus (Blyth) Pyrrhula roseata “Tickell’’ Blyth, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 11, pt. 1, No. 125, May 1842, p. 461 (Calcutta, Bengal State, India). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Chaiya Prakan, Chiang Mai, Nan) and the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Phetchabun). Genus EMBERIZA Linnaeus Emberiza fucata fucata Pallas Emberiza fucata Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 237, 698 (‘‘ad Ononem et Ingodam . . . ,”’ Chita Province, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Nan). Emberiza aureola ornata Shulpin Emberiza aureola ornata Shulpin, Annuaire du Musée Zoologique [Acad. Sci. URSS], tome 28, livr. 3, 1928, p. 401 (‘“Mtindung des Suifun, Umgebung des Dorfes Tawritschanka,’’ Maritime Territory, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern and eastern plateaus, the central plains, and the western and peninsular provinces south to Pattani. Emberiza rutila Pallas Emberiza rutila Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 210, 698 (“‘. . . ad Ononem, versusque Mongoliae fines,’’ Chita Province, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau, the northwestern portion of the eastern plateau (Loei, Phetchabun), and the southwestern and penin- sular provinces from Kanchanaburi to Prachuap Khiri Khan. Emberiza pusilla Pallas Emberiza pusilla Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 697 (Buryat-Mongol ASSR, Russian SFSR). Range: A visitor from northeastern Asia, reported on migration or in winter from mountains of the northern plateau (Chiang Mai, N an) and from the eastern plateau (Nong Khai). 220 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Genus MELOPHUS Swainson Melophus lathami (J. E. Gray) Emberiza Lathami J. KE. Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, 1831, p. 2 (“China and India’; type specimen from Canton, Kwangtung Province, China, fide Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 53, 1932, p. 16). Range: A visitor from the North, reported on migration or in winter from the northern plateau (Chiang Rai, Phayao, Chiang Mai — Uttaradit). aagaardi, Bubo ketupu, 62 Ketupa ketupu, 62 abbotti, Butorides javanicus, 6 Butorides striatus, 6 Dendrophassa vernans, 48 Malacocincla, 138 Trichastoma abbotti, 138 abnormis, Picumnus, 84 Sasia abnormis, 84 Abrornis armandii, 172 chloronotus, 173 maculipennis, 173 sakaiorum, 171 superciliaris, 171 Abroscopus albogularis hugonis, 171 superciliaris bambusarum, 171 superciliaris drasticus, 170 superciliaris sakaiorum, 171 superciliaris superciliaris, 171 Acanthiza trochiloides, 174 Acanthopneuste davisoni, 175 trochiloides claudiae, 174 trochiloides disturbans, 175 Acanthylis leucopygialis, 68 Accipiter affinis, 17 badius poliopsis, 16 gentilis khamensis, 16 nisus nisosimilis, 16 soloensis, 16 trivirgatus indicus, 16 virgatus affinis, 17 virgatus gularis, 17 Aceros nipalensis, 77 Acridotheres grandis, 202 leucocephalus, 202 siamensis, 202 torquatus, 202 Acrocephalus arundinaceus orientalis, 176 bistrigiceps, 176 concinens cincinens, 176 stentoreus brunnescens, 176 acrum, Pellorneum ruficeps, 136 Actinodura ramsayi, 154 Tramsayi ramsayi, 154 Actitis hypoleucos, 38 Index actophilus, Butorides javanicus, 6 Butorides striatus, 6 acuta, Anas, 11 acuticauda, Lonchura striata, 217 Munia, 217 Sterna, 45 adjuncta, Stachyris ambigua, 143 Stachyris rufifrons, 143 aedon, Muscicapa, 175 Phragamaticola, 175 Aegialitis jerdoni, 34 Aegithina lafresnayei lafresnayei, 110 philipi, 109 tiphia cambodiana, 110 Aegithina tiphia horizoptera, 110 tiphia philipi, 109 viridissima viridissima, 109 aeneus, Dicrurus, 125 Dicrurus aeneus, 125 aeralatus, Pteruthius, 152 Pteruthius flaviscapis, 152 aestigma, Muscicapa, 187 Muscicapa superciliaris, 187 Aethopyga anomala, 207 cara, 207 gouldiae dabryii, 206 mystacalis temminckii, 208 nipalensis angkanensis, 206 nipalensis australis, 206 saturata anomala, 207 saturata galenae, 207 saturata petersi, 207 siparaja cara, 207 siparaja mangini, 207 siparaja seheriae, 207 siparaja siparaja, 208 siparaja trangensis, 208 affine, Malacopteron affine, 139 Trichastoma, 139 affinis, Accipiter, 17 Accipiter virgatus, 17 Coracias, 75 Coracias benghalensis, 75 Monticola solitarius, 165 Oreocincla horsfieldi, 169 Petrocincla, 165 Zoothera dauma, 169 221 222 agricola, Columba, 51 Streptopelia orientalis, 51 Agrobates brunnescens, 176 Alauda arvensis herberti, 99 gulgula herberti, 99 albicilla, Muscicapa, 185 Muscicapa parva, 185 albirictus, Bhuchanga, 123 Dicrurus adsimilis, 123 albiventer, Rallus, 29 Rallus striatus, 29 albogularis, Pomatorhinus, 140 Pomatorhinus ferruginosus, 140 alboides, Motacilla, 195 Motacilla alba, 195 alboniger, Nisaetus, 18 Spizaetus, 18 Alcedo atthis bengalensis, 71 bengalensis, 71 coromanda, 73 erithaca, 72 euryzonia peninsulae, 72 guttata, 71 guttatus, 71 laubmanni, 71 meninting laubmanni, 71 meninting verreauxii, 71 nigricans, 72 pileata, 73 verreauxii, 71 alcinus, Macheiramphus, 14 Macheiramphus alcinus, 14 Alcippe brunneicauda brunneicauda, 156 castaneceps castaneceps, 156 castaneceps extil, 156 fratercula, 157 haringtoniae, 157 magnirostris, 139 morrisonia fraterculus, 157 nipalensis eremita, 157 peracensis eremita, 157 poioicephala alearis, 157 poioicephala davisoni, 157 poioicephala haringtoniae, 157 poioicephala karenni, 157 rufogularis khmerensis, 157 rufogularis major, 156 alearis, Alcippe poioicephala, 157 alexandrinus, Charadrius, 34 Charadrius alexandrinus, 34 alius, Pomatorius ochraceiceps, 141 Allotrius intermedius, 153 Alseonax siamensis, 184 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Alsocomus, subg., 50 amabilis, Carcineutes, 73 Lacedo pulchella, 73 Amadina leucogastra, 217 amandava, Estrilda amandava, 216 Fringilla, 216 amauroptera, Pelargopsis, 72 Porzana, 30 Rallina eurizonoides, 30 Amaurornis phoenicurus chinensis, 31 ambiguus, Parus major, 132 amictus, Merops, 75 Nyctyornis, 75 Ampeliceps coronatus, 203 amurensis, Ardea virescens, 5 Butorides striatus, 5 anaethetus, Sterna, 45 Sterna anaethetus, 45 Anaimos maculatus oblitus, 211 anak, Cyornis, 189 Anas acuta, 11 baeri, 12 clypeata, 12 coromandelianus, 13 crecca, 11 crecca crecca, 11 ferina, 12 ferruginea, 11 fuligula, 13 javanica, 11 nyroca, 12 penelope, 12 poecilorhyncha haringtoni, 12 querquedula, 12 scutulata, 13 Anastomus oscitans, 9 andrewsi, Fregata, 4 angarensis, Budytes flava, 196 Motacilla flava, 196 angelorum, Ploceus philippinus, 216 angkanensis, Aethopyga nipalensis, 206 Anhinga melanogaster, 4 annamensis, Crocopus, 49 Dendrocopos hyperythrus, 91 Dryobates hyperythrus, 91 Harpactes erythrocephalus, 70 Picus chlorolophus, 88 Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus, 70 Treron phoenicoptera, 49 annectans, Bhuchanga, 124 annectens, Dicrurus, 125 Tephrodornis pelvica, 104 Tephrodornis virgatus, 104 INDEX 223 anomala, Aethopyga, 207 Arachnothera affinis caena, 210 Aethopyga saturata, 207 affinis modesta, 210 Anorhinus austeni, 77 chrysogenys chrysogenys, 209 Anorrhinus galeritus carinatus, 77 chrysogenys intensiflava, 209 Anous stolidus pileatus, 46 crassirostris, 209 antelia, Arachnothera longirostris, 209 flavigaster, 209 Anthipes submoniliger, 186 longirostra cinireicollis, 209 Anthocincla phayrei, 99 longirostra pallida, 208 Anthracoceros albirostris leucogaster, longirostra sordida, 208 78 longirostris antelia, 209 convexus, 79 longirostris longirostris, 208 malayanus, 78 longirostris pallida, 208 Anthreptes flavigaster, 209 longirostris sordida, 208 hypogrammica lisettae, 205 magna musarum, 210 malacensis malacensis, 204 magna pagodarum, 210 modesta, 210 robusta, 209 nuchalis, 205 robusta robusta, 209 LR 204 Arboricola brunneopectus, 24 ’ . . rhodolaema rhodolaema, 204 tickelli, 23 simplex, 203 Arborophila brunneopectus brunneo- pectus, 24 singalensis assamensis, 204 singalensis internota, 204 singalensis internotus, 204 singalensis interposita, 205 singalensis koratensis, 204 singalensis stellae, 204 Anthus cervinus, 198 hodgsoni, 197 hodgsoni hodgsoni, 197 hodgsoni yunnanensis, 197 maculatus yunnanensis, 197 malayensis, 198 novae-seelandiae malayensis, 198 novae-seelandiae richardi, 197 novae-seelandiae rufulus, 197 cambodiana, 24 charltonii charltonii, 24 charltonii chloropus, 24 charltonii peninsularis, 24 chloropus peninsularis, 24 rufogularis tickelli, 23 archipelagicus, Indicator, 83 archon, Picus flavinucha, 87 Ardea ciconia, 9 cinerea rectirostris, 5 cinnamomea, 8 dubia, 10 episcopus, 10 flavicollis, 8 novae-seelandiae sinensis, 197 garzetta, 7 richardi, 197 anc nolen nan rufulus, 197 oe 7 Antigone, subg., 29 = rope - antioxantha, Culicicapa ceylonensis, 191 ve : oscitans, 9 aphobus, Serilophus lunatus, 96 apicauda, Treron, 46 Treron apicauda, 46 purpurea manilensis, 5 rectirostris, 5 : sacra, 7 Aplonis panayensis strigatus, 200 sinensis, 8 Apus affinis subfurcatus, 68 speciosa, 6 pacificus cooki, 68 stellaris, 9 pacificus pacificus, 68 sumatrana, 5 Aquila clanga, 18 virescens amurensis, 5 rapax vindhiana, 18 Ardeola ralloides bacchus, 6 vindhiana, 18 ralloides speciosa, 6 Arachnechthra intermedia, 206 speciosa continentalis, 6 Arachnocestra crassirostris, 209 ardescens, Corydon sumatranus, 94 224 ardesiaca, Lophocitta, 129 ardesiacus, Platylophus garericulatus, 129 Ardetta eurhythma, 8 Areoturnix blakistoni, 28 argus, Argusianus argus, 27 Phasianus, 27 Argusianus argus argus, 27 armandii, Abrornis, 172 Phylloscopus armandii, 172 armstrongi, Halcyon, 74 Halcyon chloris, 74 Artamus fuscus, 198 Arundinax canturians, 181 asema, Siphia strophiata, 185 asiatica, Mycteria, 10 asiaticus, Caprimulgus, 66 Caprimulgus asiaticus, 66 Xenorhynchus, 10 Asio flammeus flammeus, 64 assamensis, Anthreptes singalensis, 204 Chaleoparia singalensis, 204 assimilis, Crypsirina occipitalis, 131 Dendrocitta, 131 Macropygia, 50 Macropygia ruficeps, 50 Psarisomus, 96 Psarisomus dalhousiae, 96 Stachyris chrysaea, 144 assmnilis, Strachyrhis, 144 Astur gularis, 17 indicus, 16 palumbarius khamensis, 16 Athene brama mayri, 63 cuculoides brugeli, 62 florensis, 63 athertoni, Merops, 75 Nyctyornis athertoni, 75 atra, Fulica, 32 Fulica atra, 32 atrata, Rhipidura, 192 Rhipidura albicollis, 192 atratus, Dendrocopos, 92 Picus, 92 atriceps, Pycnonotus atriceps, 113 atrocaudata, Muscipeta, 193 Terpsiphone atrocaudata, 193 atrogularis, Hemipodius, 28 Orthotomus, 178 Orthotomus atrogularis, 178 Turnix suscitator, 28 atronuchalis, Lobivanellus, 33 Vanellus indicus, 33 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 aurantia, Sterna, 44 aurantiaca, Pitta cyanea, 98 aurata, Stachyris chrysaea, 144 auratus, Pyenonotus dispar, 113 Pycnonotus melanicterus, 113 auritus, Batrachostomus, 64 Dendrocopos canicapillus, 93 Tripsurus, 93 auriventer, Zosterops, 214 Zosterops palpebrosa, 214 austeni, Anorhinus, 77 Ptilolaemus, 77 australis, Aethopyga nipalensis, 206 australorientis, Muscicapa westermani, 186 avensis, Campephaga, 105 Coracina melaschista, 105 Aviceda jerdoni jerdoni, 14 leuphotes leuphotes, 14 leuphotes syama, 14 Aythya baeri, 12 ferina, 12 fuligula, 13 nyroca, 12 bacchus, Ardeola ralloides, 6 Buphus, 6 badia, Hirundo daurica, 102 Strix, 60 badius, Cecropis, 102 Phodilus badius, 60 baeri, Anas, 12 Aythya, 12 baicalensis, Motacilla, 195 Motacilla alba, 195 bakeri, Cuculus canorus, 55 Garrulax moniliger, 148 Porzana pusilla, 30 Trochalopteron phoeniceum, 148 Turdinus macrodactylus, 141 bambusarum, Abroscopus superciliarum ae Bambusicola fytchii, 25 fytchii fytchii, 25 bangsi, Sterna dougallii, 44 barussarum, Surniculus lugubris, 57 Batrachostomus auritus, 64 hodgsoni indochinae, 64 javensis continentalis, 65 stellatus, 64 Baza syama, 14 beavani, Prinia, 179 Prinia rufescens, 179 INDEX belangeri, Garrulax, 150 Garrulax leucolophus, 150 bengalensis, Alcedo, 71 Alcedo atthis, 71 Centropus toulou, 59 Cuculus, 59 Gyps, 20 Vultur, 20 benghalensis, Rallus, 32 Rostratula benghalensis, 32 Berenicornis comatus, 77 Bhringa remifer latispatula, 125 remifer lefoli, 125 remifer peracensis, 125 tectirostris, 125 Bhuchanga albirictus, 123 annectans, 125 bicalearatum, Polyplectron ratum, 27 bicalearatus, Pavo, 27 bicincta, Treron bicincta, 48 Vinago, 48 bicolor, Brachypteryx, 137 Columba, 49 Ducula, 49 Trichastoma, 137 bicornis, Buceros, 79 Buceros bicornis, 79 bimaculatus, Caprimulgus, 65 Caprimulgus macrurus, 65 bistrigiceps, Acrocephalus, 176 blakistoni, Areoturnix, 28 Turnix suscitator, 28 blanfordi, Drymoeca, 180 Prinia subflava, 180 blanfordii, Turnix, 28 Turnix tanki, 28 Blythipicus pyrrhotis intermedius, 93 pyrrhotis pyrrhotis, 93 rubiginosus rubiginosus, 93 bondi, Dicrurus, 124 Dicrurus leucophaeus, 124 borealis, Phyllopneuste, 173 Phylloscopus borealis, 173 Botaurus stellaris stellaris, 9 bourdellei, Hemixus flavala, 121 Hypsipetes flavala, 121 Brachylophus chlorolophoides, 88 puniceus continentis, 88 Brachypodius criniger, 119 bicalea- 225 Brachypteryx bicolor, 137 carolinae, 160 leucophrys carolinae, 160 leucophrys wrayi, 160 malaccensis, 137 montana cruralis, 160 nigrocapitata, 136 wrayi, 160 Brachypus eutilotus, 116 Brachyurus mulleri, 98 Bradypterus luteoventris idoneus, 182 luteoventris ticehursti, 182 thoracicus shanensis, 182 thoracicus thoracicus, 182 brasiliana, Certhia, 205 Nectarinia sperata, 205 brevicaudata, Nepothera brevicaudata, 142 brevicaudatus, Turdinus, 142 brevipes, Heteroscelus incanus, 38 Totanus, 38 brevirostris, Dicrurus hottentottus, 126 Trichometopus, 126 brodiei, Glaucidium brodiei, 62 Noctua, 62 briigeli, Athene cuculoides, 62 Glaucidium cuculoides, 62 brunneicauda, Alcippe brunneicauda, 156 Hyloterpe, 156 brunneopectus, Arboricola, 24 Arborophila brunneopectus, 24 brunnescens, Acrocephalus stentoreus, 176 Agrobates, 176 brunneus, Pycnonotus, 117 Pycnonotus brunneus, 117 brunnicephalus, Larus, 43 Bubo coromandus klossii, 61 ketupu aagaardi, 62 nipalensis, 61 nipalensis nipalensis, 61 sumatranus sumatranus, 61 Bubulcus ibis coromandus, 6 Bucco cyanotis, 82 faiostricta, 80 henricii, 82 indicus, 83 mystacophanos, 81 virens, 80 226 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Buceros bicornis, 79 bicornis bicornis, 79 bicornis homrai, 79 carinatus, 77 comatus, 77 convexus, 79 corrugatus, 78 homrai, 79 leucogaster, 78 malayanus, 78 nipalensis, 77 rhinoceros, 79 rhinoceros rhinoceros, 79 subruficollis, 78 tickelli, 77 undulatus, 78 vigil, 79 Buchanga leucogenis, 124 mouhoti, 124 Budytes flava angarensis, 196 flavus macronyx, 196 taivana, 196 Buphus bacchus, 6 Burhinus oedicnemus indicus, 42 burmanica, Leucocerca, 192 Ninox, 63 Ninox scutulata, 63 Pelargopsis, 72 Pelargopsis capensis, 72 Rhipidura aureola, 192 Saxicola caprata, 164 burmanicus, Buteo, 17 Buteo burmanicus, 17 Criniger, 118 Criniger flaveolus, 118 Microhierax caerulescens, 21 Spilornis cheela, 20 burmannicus, Calophasis, 27 Syrmaticus humiae, 27 Butastur indicus, 17 liventer, 17 Buteo burmanicus, 17 burmanicus burmanicus, 17 Butorides javanicus abbotti, 6 javanicus actophilus, 6 striatus abbotti, 6 striatus actophilus, 6 striatus amurensis, 5 cabanisi, Cringer, 119 cacabata, Muscicapa sibirica, 183 Cacomantis merulinus querulus, 55 merulinus threnodes, 56 querulus, 55 sonneratii malyanus, 55 sonneratii sonneratii, 55 threnodes, 56 variolosus sepulcralis, 56 caecilii, Pycnonotus dispar, 114 Pycnonotus melanicterus, 114 caena, Arachnothera affinis, 210 caerulea, Gracula, 166 Myiothera, 97 Pitta caerulea, 97 caeruleus, Myophonus caeruleus, 166 caesia, Monacha, 191 caesium, Philentoma velatum, 191 Cairina scutulata, 13 Calamoherpe concinens, 176 calcicola, Napothera crispifrons, 141 calcostetha, Nectarinia, 205 Nectarinia calcostetha, 205 Calidris canutus canutus, 40 ferruginea, 41 ruficollis, 40 subminuta, 41 temminckii, 40 tenuirostris, 40 calliope, Erithacus calliope, 160 Calliope cruralis, 160 tschebaiewi, 160 Callolophus mineatus perlutus, 89 calochrysea, Culicicapa ceylonensis, 191 Caloenas nicobarica nicobarica, 52 Caloperdix oculea oculea, 25 Calophasis burmannicus, 27 Caloptomena viridis, 97 Calorhamphus fuliginosus detersus, 83 calvus, Torgos, 19 Vultur, 19 Calyptomena viridis continentis, 97 viridis viridis, 97 cambodiana, Aegithina tiphia, 110 Arborophila, 24 cambodianum, Dicaeum beccarii, 213 Dicaeum ignipectus, 213 cambodianus, Criniger gutturalis, 118 Criniger ochraceus, 118 Campephaga avensis, 105 Campophaga polioptera, 105 cana, Heterophasia picaoides, 158 Sibia picaoides, 158 Cancroma coromanda, 6 INDEX canente, Hemicircus, 93 Picus, 93 canescens, Ixos, 121 canescens, Erpornis xantholeuca, 155 Hypsipetes meclellandii, 121 Yuhina zantholeuca, 155 canicapillus, Dendrocopos canicapillus, 92 Picus, 92 cantonensis, Pericrocotus, 107 Pericrocotus roseus, 107 canturians, Arundinax, 181 canturiens, Cettia canturiens, 181 canutus, Calidris canutus, 40 Tringa, 40 Capella gallinago gallinago, 39 megala, 39 nemoricola, 39 stenura, 39 capitalis, Hemipus picatus, 103 Muscicapa, 103 Capito lineatus, 80 Caprimulgus affinis monticolus, 66 asiaticus, 66 asiaticus asiaticus, 66 bimaculatus, 65 indicus hazarae, 65 indicus jotaka, 65 jotaka, 65 macrurus bimaculatus, 65 monticolus, 66 cara, Aethopyga, 207 Aethopyga siparaja, 207 Carcineutes amabilis, 73 carinatus, Anorrhinus galeritus, 77 Buceros, 77 carolinae, Brachypteryx, 160 Brachypteryx leucophrys, 160 Carpococcyx renauldi, 58 Carpodacus erythrinus erythrinus, 218 erythrinus roseatus, 219 cashmeriensis, Chelidon, 102 Delichon dasypus, 102 caspia, Hydroprogne, 44 Sterna, 44 castaneceps, Alcippe castaneceps, 156 Minla, 156 castanicauda, Minla strigula, 154 Siva, 154 cathoecus, Dicrurus, 123 Dicrurus adsimilis, 123 227 Ceblepyris culminatus, 106 striga, 106 sumatrensis, 106 Cecropis badius, 102 celadinus, Milleripicus pulverulentus, 91 celatus, Pomatorhinus erythrogenys, 140 celsa, Rhipidura albicollis, 192 Centrococcyx intermedius, 59 Centropus eurycercus, 59 javanensis, 59 sinensis eurycercus, 59 sinensis intermedius, 59 toulou bengalensis, 59 toulou chamnongi, 59 toulou javanensis, 59 Cerasophila thompsoni, 123 Certhia brasiliana, 205 discolor fuliginosa, 134 discolor shanensis, 134 fuliginosa, 134 lepida, 204 longirostra, 208 malacensis, 204 siparaja, 208 cervina, Motacilla, 198 cerviniceps, Eurostopodus macrotis, 65 Lyncornis, 65 cervinus, Anthus, 198 Ceryle guttulata, 71 leucomelanura, 71 lugubris guttulata, 71 rudis leucomelanura, 71 Cettia canturiens canturiens, 181 pallidipes laurentei, 181 squameiceps, 181 Ceyx erithacus erithacus, 72 rufidorsa, 72 rufidorsus rufidorsus, 72 Chaetura cochinchinensis, 67 cochinchinensis cochinchinensis, 67 gigantea gigantea, 67 gigantea indica, 67 indica, 67 leucopygialis, 68 Chaimarrornis leucocephalus leucoceph- alus, 165 Chaitaris grandis, 187 Chalcoparia singalensis assamensis, 204 singalensis interposita, 205 singalensis koratensis, 204 singalensis lepida, 204 Chalcophaps indica indica, 52 228 chamnongi, Centropus toulou, 59 changensis, Myophonus temminckii, 167 Charadrius alexandrinus, 34 alexandrinus alexandrinus, 34 alexandrinus nihonensis, 34 curonicus, 34 dominicus fulvus, 33 dubius curonicus, 34 dubius jerdoni, 34 duvaucelii, 33 fulvus, 33 himantopus, 42 leschenaultii, 35 mongolus schiferi, 35 peronii, 34 placidus, 33 squatarola, 33 charltonii, Arborophila charltonii, 24 Perdix, 24 chaseni, Treron curvirostra, 47 Chelidon cashmeriensis, 102 dasypus, 102 chersonesites, Cyornis rubeculoides, 189 Chersonesophila, Mixornis gularis, 147 chersonesophilus, Macronous gularis, 147 chersonesus, Cyanops asiatica, 82 Megalaima asiatica, 82 Chimarrornis fuliginosa tenuirostris, 163 chinensis, Amaurornis phoenicurus, 31 Cissa chinensis, 129 Coracias, 129 Coturnix chinensis, 23 Eudynamys scolopacea, 57 Fulica, 31 Hirundo, 100 Iynx torquilla, 83 Jynx torquilla, 83 Riparia paludicola, 100 Tetrao, 23 chirurgus, Hydrophasianus, 32 Tringa, 32 Chlidonias hybridus javanicus, 43 leucopterus, 43 chlorocephala, Chloropsis cochinchinen- sis, 111 chlorocephalus, Phyllornis, 111 chlorolophoides, Brachylophus, 88 Picus chlorolophus, 88 chloronotus, Abrornis, 173 Phylloscopus proregulus, 173 chlorophaeus, Cuculus, 58 Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus, 58 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Chloropsis aurifrons incompta, 111 aurifrons inornata, 111 aurifrons inornatus, 111 aurifrons pridii, 111 cochinchinensis chlorocephala, 111 cochinchinensis cochinchinensis, 112 cochinchinensis kinneari, 111 cochinchinensis moluccensis, 112 cochinchinensis seri-thai, 112 cyanopogon cyanopogon, 110 cyanopogon septentrionalis, 110 hardwickii, 112 hardwickii hardwickii, 112 moluccensis, 112 sonnerati zosterops, 111 zosterops, lil chloropus, Arborophila charltonii, 24 Tropicoperdix, 24 Chotorhea chrysopogon laetus, 80 rafflesii malayensis, 81 chrysochlore, Dicaeum, 211 Dicaeum chrysorrheum, 211 Chrysococcyx limborgi, 56 maculatus, 56 malayanus malayanus, 56 xanthorhynchus limborgi, 56 Chrysocolaptes lucidus guttacristatus, 94 lucidus indo-malayicus, 94 validus xanthopygius, 94 xanthopygius, 94 chrysogenys, Arachnothera chrysogenus, 209 Nectarinia, 209 Chrysomma sinense sinense, 148 Chrysophlegma flavinucha lylei, 88 humii, 88 subg., 87 chrysops, Stachyris, 144 Stachyris chrysaea, 144 chrysorrheum, Diceum, 212 Dicaeum chrysorrheum, 212 chthonium, Pellorneum ruficeps, 135 ciconia, Ardea, 9 Ciconia ciconia, 9 Ciconia ciconia ciconia, 9 episcopus episcopus, 10 javanica, 10 nigra, 9 Cinclus pallasii dorjei, 135 INDEX cinerea, Fulica, 31 Gallicrex cinerea, 31 Tole, 122 Muscitrea, 194 Pachycephala cinerea, 194 Porzana cinerea, 30 Scolopax, 38 cinereiceps, Polihierax insignis, 22 cinereo-alba, Muscicapa latirostris, 183 cinereum, Malacopteron cinereum, 139 cinereus, Hypsipetes flavala, 122 Malacopteron, 139 Pluvianus, 33 Porphyrio, 30 Vanellus, 33 Xenus, 38 cinireicollis, Arachnothera longirostra, 209 Cinnyris, 209 cinnamomea, Ardea, 8 cinnamomeoventris, pinquus, 120 Tole virescens, 120 cinnamomeum, Pellorneum albiventre, 136 cinnamomeus, Drymocataphus, 136 Ixobrychus, 8 Cinnyris cinireicollis, 209 Circaetus gallicus gallicus, 20 Circus aeruginosus spilonotus, 20 melanoleucos, 20 spilonotus, 20 Cissa chinensis chinensis, 129 erythrorhyncha magnirostris, 130 hypoleuca, 129 thalassina hypoleuca, 129 Cisticola exilis equicaudata, 181 juncidis malaya, 181 citreola, Motacilla, 196 Motacilla citreola, 196 Clamator coromandus, 53 clanga, Aquila, 18 claudiae, Acanthopneuste trochiloides, 174 Phylloscopus reguloides, 174 Clivicola riparia ijimae, 100 clypeata, Anas, 12 cochinchinensis, Chaetura, 67 Chaetura cochinchinensis, 67 Chloropsis cochinchinensis, 111 Cochoa purpurea, 164 viridis, 164 coerulifrons, Cyornis magnirostris, 190 Muscicapa banyumas, 190 cognata, Corythocichla, 142 Hypsipetes pro- 229 collinsi, Seicercus castaniceps, 170 Collocalia brevirostris innominata, 67 brevirostris rogersi, 67 germani, 67 inexpectata germani, 67 innominata, 66 lowi robinsoni, 66 maxima, 66 maxima maxima, 66 Collurio tephronotus, 199 collurioides, Lanius, 199 Lanius collurioides, 199 Columba agricola, 51 bicolor, 49 fulvicollis, 47 humilis, 51 indica, 52 intermedia, 50 jambu, 49 livia intermedia, 50 nicobarica, 52 olax, 47 pulchricollis, 50 punicea, 50 puniceus, 50 striata, 51 sylvatica, 49 tigrina, 51 tusalia, 50 Colymbus nigricans poggei, 3 comata, Hemiprocne comata, 69 comatus, Berenicornis, 77 Buceros, 77 Cypselus, 69 concinens, Acrocephalus concinens, 176 Calamoherpe, 176 concolor, Hirundo, 100 Hypsipetes, 122 Hypsipetes madagascariensis, 122 concreta, Muscicapa, 188 Muscicapa concreta, 188 concretus, Cuculus, 54 Cuculus micropterus, 54 condorensis, Otus bakkamoena, 61 confusus, Lanius cristatus, 198 connectens, Gecinus vittatus, 85 Macronous gularis, 147 Picus vittatus, 85 connecteus, Mixornis rubricapilla, 147 conradi, Criniger, 117 Pycnonotus blanfordi, 117 continentalis, Ardeola speciosa, 6 Batrachostomus javensis, 64 230 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 continentis, Brachylophus puniceus, 88 | Coryus—Continued Calyptomena viridis, 97 Picus puniceus, 88 convexus, Anthracoceros, 79 Buceros, 79 cooki, Apus pacificus, 68 Cypselus pacificus, 68 Prinia polychroa, 180 Suya crinigera, 180 Copsychus malabaricus indicus, 162 malabaricus interpositus, 162 malabaricus pellogynus, 162 saularis erimelas, 161 saularis musicus, 162 saularis saularis, 161 Coracias affinis, 75 affinis theresiae, 75 benghalensis affinis, 75 chinensis, 129 puella, 128 sumatranus, 95 xanthornus, 127 Coracina fimbriata culminata, 106 fimbriata neglecta, 105 melaschista avensis, 105 melaschista intermedia, 105 melaschista melaschista, 105 melaschista saturata, 105 novaehollandiae siamensis, 106 polioptera indochinensis, 104 polioptera polioptera, 105 striata sumatrensis, 106 coromanda, Alcedo, 73 Cancroma, 6 Halcyon coromanda, 73 coromandelianus, Anas, 13 Nettapus coromandelianus, 13 coromandus, Bubulcus ibis, 6 Clamator, 53 Cuculus, 53 coronata, Ficedula, 174 Hemiprocne longipennis, 69 Hirundo, 69 coronatus, Ampeliceps, 203 Orthotomus, 178 Orthotomus cuculatus, 178 corrugatus, Buceros, 78 Rhyticeros leucocephalus, 78 Corvus hottentottus, 126 insolens, 131 levaillantii, 131 macrorhynchos, 132 macrorhynchos levaillantii, 131 macrorhynchos macrorhynchos, 132 splendens insolens, 131 Corydalla sinensis, 197 Corydon sumatranus ardescens, 94 sumatranus laoensis, 94 sumatranus morator, 94 sumatranus sumatranus, 95 Corythocichla brevicaudata cognata, 142 brevicaudata herberti, 142 griseigularis, 142 leucosticta, 142 Coturnix chinensis chinensis, 23 coturnix japonica, 23 spadicea, 26 vulgaris japonica, 23 crassirostris, Arachnocestra, 209 Arachnothera, 209 Myiophoneus, 167 Myophonus caeruleus, 167 crawfurdii, Lophura leucomelana, 25 Phasianus, 25 crecca, Anas, 11 Anas crecca, 11 criniger, Brachypodius, 119 Hypsipetes criniger, 119 Criniger bres tephrogenys, 119 burmanicus, 118 cabanisi, 119 conradi, 117 flaveolus burmanicus, 118 gutturalis cambodianus, 118 henrici, 118 lonnbergi, 120 ochraceus, 118 ochraceus cambodianus, 118 ochraceus crinitus, 118 ochraceus ochraceus, 118 ochraceus sordidus, 119 pallidus henrici, 118 pallidus isani, 118 phaeocephalus phaeocephalus, 119 propinquus, 120 salangae, 119 sordidus, 119 crinigera, Suya, 180 crinitus, Criniger ochraceus, 118 crispifrons, Napothera crispifrons, 141 Turdinus, 141 cristata, Sterna, 45 Sterna bergii, 45 cristatus, Lanius, 198 Lanius cristatus, 198 Crocopus annamensis, 49 cruralis, Brachypteryx montana, 160 Calliope, 160 Crypsirina occipitalis assimilis, 131 occipitalis himalayana, 130 temia, 131 vagabunda kinneari, 130 vagabunda sakeratensis, 130 vagabunda saturatior, 130 varians longipennis, 131 crypta, Iole olivacea, 121 Cryptolopha burkii distincta, 170 ricketti, 175 youngi, 170 cryptus, Hypsipetes charlottae, 121 Pericrocotus ethologus, 108 cucullata, Pitta, 98 Pitta sordida, 98 Cuculus bengalensis, 59 canorus bakeri, 55 chlorophaeus, 58 concretus, 54 coromandus, 53 fugax, 54 fugax fugax, 54 fugax nisicolor, 54 malayanus, 56 micropterus, 54 micropterus concretus, 54 micropterus micropterus, 54 nisicolor, 54 paradiseus, 126 passerinus, 56 poliocephalus, 55 poliocephalus poliocephalus, 55 saturatus, 55 saturatus saturatus, 55 sepulcralis, 56 sonneratii, 55 sparverioides, 54 sparverioides sparverioides, 54 sumatranus, 57 tenuirostris, 56 vagans, 54 varius, 54 INDEX 231 culminatus, Ceblepyris, 106 cumatilis, Cyanoptila, 187 Muscicapa cyanomelana, 187 curonicus, Charadrius, 34 Charadrius dubius, 34 Cutia nipalensis melanchima, 152 cyane, Erithacus cyane, 161 Motacilla, 161 cyanea, Pitta, 98 Pitta cyanea, 98 cyanicauda, Psarisomus dalhousiae, 96 cyanicollis, Eurystomus, 76 Eurystomus orientalis, 76 cyaniventris, Pycnonotus, 114 Pycnonotus cyaniventris, 114 Cyanoderma erythropterum sordida, 146 cyanopogon, Chloropsis cyanopogon, 110 Phyllornis, 110 Cyanops asiatica chersonesus, 82 australis invisa, 82 davisoni laurentii, 81 franklini trangensis, 81 incognita euroa, 82 Cyanoptila cumatilis, 187 cyanotis, Bucco, 82 Megalaima australis, 82 cyanurus, Psittacus, 53 psittinus cyanurus, 53 Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos mal- accensis, 95 macrorhynchos siamensis, 95 Cymborhynchus malaccensis, 95 Cyornis anak, 189 banyumas deignani, 190 dialilaema, 189 magnirostris, 190 magnirostris coerulifrons, 190 olivacea, 182 rubeculoides chersonesites, 189 rubeculoides klossi, 189 rufigastra indochina, 190 tickelliae glaucicomans, 189 unicolor, 189 unicolor harterti, 189 unicolor infuscata, 189 whitei, 190 Culicicapa ceylonensis antioxantha, 191] Cypselus comatus, 69 ceylonensis calochrysea, 191 ceylonensis meridionalis, 191 Culicipeta poliogenys, 170 tephrocephalus, 170 culminata, Coracina fimbriata, 106 giganteus, 67 infumatus, 68 pacificus cooki, 68 subfurcatus, 68 Cypsiurus parvus infumatus, 68 232 dabryii, Aethopyga gouldiae, 206 Nectarinia, 206 Dacelo pulchella, 73 dasypus, Chelidon, 102 Delichon dasypus, 102 dauma, Turdus, 168 Zoothera dauma, 168 daurica, Hirundo, 101 Hirundo daurica, 101 davisoni, Acanthopneuste, 175 Alcippe poioicephala, 157 Geronticus, 10 Hemixus, 122 Hypsipetes flavala, 122 Megalaima, 81 Megalaima asiatica, 81 Napothera epilepidota, 142 Phylloscopus davisoni, 175 Pseudibis papillosa, 10 Stachyris, 144 Stachyris nigriceps, 144 Turdinulus, 142 decipiens, Muscicapa grandis, 188 Niltava, 188 decouxi, Estrilda amandava, 216 deignani, Cyornis banyumas, 190 Eurystomus orientalis, 75 Glaucidium cuculoides, 62 Lacedo pulchella, 73 Lonchura malacca, 218 Mixornis gularis, 147 Muscicapa banyumas, 190 delacouri, Dendrocopos canicapillus, 92 Dryobates hardwickii, 92 Prinia flaviventris, 180 Sitta europaea, 133 Delichon dasypus cashmeriensis, 102 dasypus dasypus, 102 urbica lagopoda, 102 Dendrocitta assimilis, 131 himalayana, 130 rufa kinneari, 130 rufa sakeratensis, 130 sinensis, 130 vagabunda saturatior, 130 Dendrocopos analis longipennis, 92 atratus, 92 canicapillus auritus, 93 canicapillus canicapillus, 92 canicapillus delacouri, 92 canicapillus pumilus, 92 cathpharius tenebrosus, 91 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Dendrocopos—Continued hyperythrus annamensis, 91 hyperythrus hyperythrus, 91 macei longipennis, 92 mahrattensis, 92 sordidus, 93 Dendrocygna javanica, 11 Dendronanthus indicus, 196 Dendrophassa vernans abbotti, 48 denotata, Muscicapa sundara, 188 Niltava sundara, 188 detersus, Calorhamphus fuliginosus, 83 dialilaema, Cyornis, 189 Muscicapa rubeculoides, 189 diardi, Euplocomus, 26 Garrulax leucolophus, 149 Lophura, 26 Melias, 57 Phaenicophaeus diardi, 57 Dicaeum agile modestum, 211 agile pallescens, 211 agile separabile, 211 beccarii cambodianum, 213 chrysochlore, 211 chrysorrheum chrysochlore, 211 chrysorrheum chrysorrheum, 212 concolor olivaceum, 212 cruentatum ignitum, 213 cruentatum siamense, 212 ignicapilla, 211 ignipectus cambodianum, 213 ignipectus dolichorhynchum, 213 ignipectus ignipectus, 213 melanozanthum, 212 olivaceum, 212 trigonostigma rubropygium, 212 trigonostigma trigonostigma, 212 Diceum chrysorrheum, 212 dicrorhynchus, Myophonus, 167 Myophonus caeruleus, 167 dicruroides, Pseudornis, 57 Surniculus lugubris, 57 Dicrurus adsimilis albirictus, 123 adsimilis cathoecus, 123 adsimilis thai, 123 aeneus, 125 aeneus aeneus, 125 annectens, 125 bondi, 124 cathoecus, 123 hottentottus brevirostris, 126 hottentottus hottentottus, 126 leucogenys salangensis, 124 INDEX Dicrurus—Continued leucophaeus bondi, 124 leucophaeus hopwoodi, 124 leucophaeus leucogenis, 124 leucophaeus mouhoti, 124 leucophaeus nigrescens, 125 leucophaeus salangensis, 124 macrocercus thai, 123 nigrescens, 125 paradiseus malabaricus, 126 paradiseus paradiseus, 126 paradiseus rangoonensis, 126 remifer lefoli, 125 remifer peracensis, 125 remifer tectirostris, 125 dictator, Timalia pileata, 148 difficilis, Pomatorhinus schisticeps, 139 diffusus, Oriolus, 127 Oriolus chinensis, 127 Digenea leucops, 185 malayana, 186 Dinopium javanense intermedium, 89 javanense javanense, 89 rafflesii peninsulare, 89 dipora, Stachyris nigriceps, 144 Dissemurus paradiseus hypoballus, 127 dissimilis, Turdus, 169 Turdus dissimilis, 169 distans, Otus scops, 60 Otus senegalensis, 60 distincta, Cryptolopha burkii, 170 distinetus, Seicercus burkii, 170 disturbans, Acanthopneuste trochiloides, 175 Phylloscopus davisoni, 175 divaricatus, Lanius, 106 Pericrocotus divaricatus, 106 dixoni, Geocichla, 168 Zoothera, 168 dolichorhynechum, Dicaeum ignipectus, 213 dorjei, Cinclus pallasii, 135 drasticus, Abroscopus superciliaris, 170 Drymocataphus cinnamomeus, 136 fulvus, 137 Drymoeca blanfordi, 180 Dryobates cathpharius tenebrosus, 91 hardwickii delacouri, 92 hyperythrus annamensis, 91 Dryocopus javensis feddeni, 91 javensis javensis, 91 Dryonastes propinquus, 151 dubia, Ardea, 10 546-019—683——_17 233 dubius, Leptoptilos, 10 Ducula aenea sylvatica, 49 badia griseicapilla, 49 badia obscurata, 49 bicolor, 49 griseicapilla, 49 Dumeticola thoracica, 182 Dupetor flavicollis flavicollis, 8 duvaucelii, Charadrius, 33 Harpactes, 70 Trogon, 70 Vanellus, 33 Edela ruficeps, 178 Edolius rangoonensis, 126 edwardsi, Porphyrio, 31 Egretta alba modesta, 7 eulophotes, 7 garzetta garzetta, 7 intermedia palleuca, 7 sacra sacra, 7 eisenhoferi, Picus vittatus, 85 Elanus caeruleus vociferus, 13 elbeli, Megalaima incognita, 82 Pellorneum ruficeps, 135 Pyenonotus melanicterus, 114 elegans, Pericrocotus flammeus, 109 Phaenicornis, 109 Emberiza aureola ornata, 219 fucata, 219 fucata fucata, 219 lathami, 220 pusilla, 219 rutila, 219 emeria, Motacilla, 115 Pycnonotus jocosus, 115 Enicurus frontalis, 164 immaculatus, 163 leschenaulti frontalis, 164 leschenaulti indicus, 163 rufficapillus, 163 schistaceus, 163 subg., 163 eous, Pyenonotus finlaysoni, 116 Ephialtes sagittatus, 60 episcopus, Ardea, 10 Ciconia episcopus, 10 equicaudata, Cisticola exilis, 181 eremita, Alcippe nipalensis, 157 Alcippe peracensis, 157 erimelas, Copsychus saularis, 161 erithaca, Alcedo, 72 erithacus, Ceyx erithacus, 72 234 Erithacus calliope calliope, 160 cyane cyane, 161 pectoralis tschebaiewi, 160 svecicus svecicus, 161 Erpornis xantholeuca canescens, 155 zantholeuca, 155 erro, Prinia hodgsonii, 179 erythrina, Loxia, 218 erythrinus, Carpodacus erythrinus, 218 erythrocephalus, Harpactes erythro- cephalus, 70 Trogon, 70 Erythromyias muelleri, 186 erythropleura, Prinia atrogularis, 180 Suya, 180 Zosterops, 213 erythropleurus, Zosterops, 213 erythroptera, Stachyris erythroptera, 146 Timalia, 146 erythropthalmos, Ixos, 117 Pycnonotus erythropthalmos, 117 erythropus, Scolopax, 36 Tringa, 36 erythropygius, Gecinus, 87 Picus erythropygius, 87 Erythrura prasina prasina, 216 Esacus magnirostris magnirostris, 42 magnirostris recurvirostris, 42 Estrilda amandava amandava, 216 amandava decouxi, 216 ethologus, Pericrocotus brevirostris, 108 Pericrocotus ethologus, 108 Eudynamis malayana, 57 Eudynamys scolopacea chinensis, 57 scolopacea malayana, 57 eugenei, Myiophoneus, 166 Myophonus caeruleus, 166 eulophotes, Egretta, 7 Herodias, 7 Eupetes macrocerus, 158 macrocercus griseiventris, 159 macrocerus macrocerus, 158 Euplocomus diardi, 26 eurhina, Tringa totanus, 36 eurhythma, Ardetta, 8 eurhythmus, Ixobrychus, 8 euroa, Cyanops incognita, 82 Megalaima incognita, 82 Eurostopodus macrotis cerviniceps, 65 euroum, Pellorneum ruficeps, 136 eurous, Picus vittatus, 85 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 eurycercus, Centropus, 59 Centropus sinensis, 59 Kurylaimus javanicus friedmanni, 95 javanicus pallidus, 95 lunatus, 96 ochromalus, 95 ochromalus ochromalus, 95 Eurystomus cyanicollis, 76 orientalis cyanicollis, 76 orientalis, deignani, 76 eutilotus, Brachypus, 116 Pycnonotus, 116 extrema, Prinia rufescens, 179 exul, Alcippe castaneceps, 156 faiostricta, Bucco, 80 Megalaima faiostricta, 80 falcinellus, Limicola falcinellus, 41 Scolopax, 41 Falco gallicus, 20 haliaetus, 21 harmandi, 22 ichthyaetus, 19 indicus, 17 indus, 15 interstinctus, 22 japonensis, 22 leucogaster, 19 leuphotes, 14 limnaeetus, 17 liventer, 17 malayensis, 19 melanoleucos, 20 nisosimilis 16 peregrinus japonensis, 22 severus, 22 severus severus, 22 soloensis, 16 tinnunculus, 22 tinnunculus interstinctus, 22 tinnunculus tinnunculus, 22 vociferus, 13 fasciata, Psittacula alexandri, 52 Rallina, 29 fasciatus, Psittacus, 52 Rallus, 29 fastidiosus, Pomatorhinus schisticeps, 140 feae, Paradoxornis nipalensis, 159 Suthora, 159 feddeni, Dryocopus javensis, 91 Mulleripicus, 91 ferina, Anas, 12 Aythya, 12 INDEX ferrarius, Garrulax, 150 Garrulax strepitans, 150 ferrea, Saxicola, 165 ferrugeiceps, Merops, 75 Merops orientalis, 75 ferruginea, Anas, 11 Calidris, 41 Tadorna, 11 ferrugineus, Tringa, 41 Ficedula coronata, 174 filifera, Hirundo, 101 Hirundo smithii, 101 finlaysoni, Pycnonotus, 116 Pycnonotus finlaysoni, 116 finschii, Palaeornis, 53 Psittacula, 53 flammaxillaris, Nectarinia, 206 Nectarinia jugularis, 206 flammea, Strix, 64 flammeus, Asio flammeus, 64 flammifer, Pericrocotus, 109 Pericrocotus flammeus, 109 flaveolus, Passer, 215 flavicollis, Ardea, 8 Dupetor flavicollis, 8 flavigaster, Anthreptes, 209 Arachnothera, 209 flavinucha, Picus, 87 Picus flavinucha, 87 flavo-cristata, Melanochlora sultanea, 133 flavo-cristatus, Parus, 133 florensis, Athene, 63 Ninox scutulata, 63 floweri, Spilornis cheela, 21 Sturnopastor, 201 Sturnus contra, 201 formosus, Hieraaetus kieneri, 18 Hieraaetus kienerii, 18 Francolinus pintadeanus phayrei, 23 fratercula, Alcippe, 157 fraterculus, Alcippe morrisonia, 157 fratris-regis, Mycerobas melanozanthos, 218 Fregata andrewsi, 4 minor minor, 4 fretensis, Tephrodornis pelvica, 104 Tephrodornis virgatus, 104 friedmanni, Eurylaimus javanicus, 95 Fringilla amandava, 216 frontalis, Enicurus, 164 Enicurus leschenaulti, 164 Sitta, 134 Sitta frontalis, 134 235 fucata, Emberiza, 219 Emberiza fucata, 219 fugax, Cuculus, 54 Cuculus fugax, 54 Fulica atra, 32 atra atra, 32 chinensis, 31 cinerea, 31 fuliginosa, Certhia, 134 Certhia discolor, 134 fuligula, Anas, 13 Aythya, 13 Fuligula, subg., 12 fulvicollis, Columba, 47 Treron fulvicollis, 47 fulvum, Trichastoma tickelli, 137 fulvus, Charadrius, 33 Charadrius dominicus, 33 Drymocataphus, 137 fuscata, Garrulax moniliger, 149 Phillopneuste, 172 fuscatus, Garrulax monilegerus, 149 Phylloscopus fuscatus, 172 fuscicollis, Phalacrocorax, 4 fuscus, Artamus, 198 fytchii, Bambusicola, 25 Bambusicola fytchii, 25 galbana, Leiothrix argentauris, 152 Mesia argentauris, 152 galenae, Aethopyga saturata, 207 galerita, Hypothymis azurea, 193 Monarcha azurea, 193 galgulus, Loriculus, 53 Psittacus, 53 Gallicrex cinerea cinerea, 31 cinerea plumbea, 31 gallicus, Circaetus gallicus, 20 Falco, 20 gallinago, Capella gallinago, 39 Scolopax, 39 Gallinago megala, 39 nemoricola, 39 Gallinula chloropus indica, 31 chloropus indicus, 31 plumbea, 31 poliocephala, 31 gallus, Gallus gallus, 26 Phasianus, 26 Gallus gallus gallus, 26 gallus spadiceus, 26 236 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Gampsorhynchus rufulus torquatus, 153 | Geokichla citrina gibson-hilli, 168 torquatus, 153 Garrulax belangeri, 150 chinensis lochmius, 150 chinensis propinquus, 151 erythrocephalus melanostigma, 151 erythrocephalus peninsulae, 151 erythrocephalus schistaceus, 151 erythrocephalus subconnectens, 151 ferrarius, 150 leucogaster, 149 leucolophus belangeri, 150 leucolophus diardi, 149 leucolophus peninsulae, 150 leucolophus peninsularis, 150 lochmius, 150 melanostigma, 151 merulinus laoensis, 151 milnei sharpei, 152 monilegerus fuscatus, 149 monilegerus mouhoti, 149 monilegerus schauenseei, 149 monilegerus stuarti, 148 moniliger bakeri, 148 moniliger fuscata, 149 moniliger schauenseei, 149 moniliger stuarti, 148 mouhoti, 149 pectoralis meridionalis, 149 pectoralis subfusa, 149 pectoralis subfusus, 149 strepitans, 150 strepitans ferrarius, 150 strepitans strepitans, 150 Garrulus glandarius leucotis, 129 leucotis, 129 garzetta, Ardea, 7 Egretta, garzetta, 7 Gauropicoides rafflesi peninsularis, 89 Gecinulus grantia robinsoni, 90 grantia viridis, 89 viridis, 89 viridis robinsoni, 90 Gecinus canus microrhynchus, 86 erythropygius, 87 nigrigenis, 87 vittatus connectens, 85 weberi, 86 Gelochelidon nilotica nilotica, 44 Gennaeus jonesi, 26 lewisi, 26 Geocichla dixoni, 168 innotota, 167 Geopelia striata striata, 51 germani, Collocalia, 67 Collocalia inexpectata, 67 Ixus, 116 Pycnonotus aurigaster, 116 Geronticus davisoni, 10 Gerygone fusca sulphurea, 171 griseus, 171 sulphurea, 171 gibson-hilli, Geokichla citrina, 168 Zoothera citrina, 168 gigantea, Chaetura gigantea, 67 Ibis, 11 giganteus, Cypselus, 67 gigantica, Pseudibis, 11 glareola, Tringa, 37 Glareola lactea, 43 maldivarum, 42 glaucicomans, Cyornis tickelliae, 189 Muscicapa rubeculoides, 189 Glaucidium brodiei brodiei, 62 cuculoides briigeli, 62 cuculoides deignani, 62 cuculoides rufescens, 62 Glaucomyias thalassoides, 184 Glaucopis leucopterus, 131 Goisakius melanolophus melanolophus, 8 govinda, Milvus, 15 Milvus migrans, 15 Gracula caerulea, 166 intermedius, 203 nigricollis, 201 religiosa, 203 religiosa intermedia, 203 religiosa religiosa, 203 saularis, 161 sturnina, 201 Graminicola bengalensis striata, 177 striata, 177 grammithorax, Meiglyptes tristis, 90 Phaiopicus, 90 grandis, Acridotheres, 202 Chaitaris, 187 Muscicapa grandis, 187 Sturnus javanicus, 202 granti, Napothera epilepidota, 142 Turdinulus, 142 Graucalus macei siamensis, 106 griseicapilla, Ducula, 49 Ducula badia, 49 Treron, 48 Treron vernans, 48 INDEX griseigularis, Corythocichla, 142 Napothera brevicaudata, 142 egriseiventris, Eupetes macrocereus, 159 griseus, Gerygone, 171 Grus antigone sharpii, 29 sharpii, 29 gularis, Accipiter virgatus, 17 Astur, 17 Monticola, 165 Nisus, 17 Oroecetes, 165 gurneyi, Pernis ptilorhyncus, 15 Pitta, 99 guttacristatus, Chrysocolaptes lucidus, 94 Picus, 94 guttata, Alcedo, 71 Stachyris striolata, 145 guttaticollis, Paradoxornis, 159 guttatus, Alcedo, 71 Turdinus, 145 guttifer, Totanus, 37 Tringa, 37 guttulata, Ceryle, 71 Ceryle lugubris, 71 gutturalis, Hirundo, 101 Hirundo rustica, 101 gyldenstolpei, Picus canus, 86 Gyps bengalensis, 20 indicus tenuirostris, 20 tenuirostris, 20 hainana, Muscicapa, 188 Haleyon armstrongi, 74 chloris armstrongi, 74 chloris humii, 74 concreta peristephes, 74 coromanda coromanda, 73 humii, 74 perpulchra, 73 pileata, 73 smyrnensis perpulchra, 73 Haliaeetus leucogaster, 19 haliaetus, Falco, 21 Pandion haliaetus, 21 Haliaetus lineatus, 15 Haliastur indus indus, 15 indus intermedius, 16 intermedius, 16 halictypus, Lamprocorax panayensis, 200 hardwickii, Chloropsis, 112 Chloropsis hardwickii, 112 haringtoni, Anas poecilorhyncha, 12 Polionetta, 12 Haringtonia perniger sinensis, 122 237 haringtoniae, Alcippe, 157 Alcippe poioicephala, 157 harmandi, Falco, 22 Polihierax insignis, 22 Harpactes diardii sumatranus, 69 duvaucelii, 70 erythrocephalus annamensis, 70 erythrocephalus erythrocephalus, 70 erythrocephalus klossi, 70 kasumba kasumba, 69 oreskios stellae, 70 oreskios uniformis, 70 harterti, Cyornis unicolor, 189 Hemiprocne longipennis, 69 Microura pusilla, 143 Mulleripicus pulverulentus, 90 Muscicapa unicolor, 189 Pnoepyga pusilla, 143 hasbroucki, Sasia ochracea, 84 hazarae, Caprimulgus indicus, 65 heddeni, Mulleripicus, 91 helenae, Stachyris striolata, 145 Heliopais personata, 32 Hemichelidon rufilata, 184 sibirica rothschildi, 183 Hemicircus canente, 93 concretus sordidus, 93 rubiginosus, 93 Hemipodius atrogularis, 28 Hemiprocne comata comata, 69 longipennis coronata, 69 longipennis harterti, 69 Hemipus hirundinaceus, 103 intermedius, 103 picatus capitalis, 103 picatus intermedius, 103 picatus picatus, 103 Hemixus davisoni, 122 flavala bourdellei, 121 hildebrandi, 122 henrici, Criniger, 118 Criniger pallidus, 118 henricii, Bucco, 82 Megalaima henricii, 82 herberti, Alauda arvensis, 99 Alauda gulgula, 99 Corythocichla brevicaudata, 142 Prinia inornata, 180 Prinia subflava, 180 Herodias eulophotes, 7 Herpornis tyrannulus, 155 xantholeuca interposita, 156 xantholeuca sordida, 155 238 hesperius, Orthotomus sericeus, 178 hessei, Picus canus, 86 Heterophasia annectens mixta, 158 annectens saturata, 158 melanoleuca melanoleuca, 158 picaoides cana, 158 Heteroscelus incanus brevipes, 38 Heteroxenicus nangka, 160 Hieraaetus kieneri formosus, 18 kienerii formosus, 18 Hierax horsfieldii, 21 hildebrandi, Hemixus, 122 Hypsipetes flavala, 122 himalayana, Crypsirina occipitalis, 130 Dendrocitta, 130 himantopus, Charadrius, 42 Himantopus himantopus, 42 Himantopus himantopus himantopus, 42 hirundinaceus, Hemipus, 103 Muscicapa, 103 Hirundo chinensis, 100 concolor, 100 coronata, 69 daurica, 101 daurica badia, 102 daurica daurica, 101 daurica mayri, 101 daurica stanfordi, 102 daurica vernayi, 102 filifera, 101 gutturalis, 101 javanica, 100 lagopoda, 102 pacifica, 68 rustica gutturalis, 101 rustica mandschurica, 101 rustica tytleri, 101 smithii filifera, 101 striolata mayri, 101 striolata stanfordi, 102 tahitica javanica, 100 tytleri, 101 hodgsoni, Anthus, 197 Anthus hodgsoni, 197 Megalaima zeylanica, 80 Megalaimus, 80 Muscicapella hodgsoni, 191 Nemura, 191 hodgsonii, Muscicapa, 186 Siphia, 186 homrai, Buceros, 79 Buceros bicornis, 79 hopwoodi, Dicrurus leucophaeus, 124 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Horizillas rufifrons indochinensis, 138 horizoptera, Aegithina tiphia, 110 horsfieldii, Hierax, 21 Microhierax, 21 hottentottus, Corvus, 126 Dicrurus hottentottus, 126 hugonis, Abroscopus albogularis, 171 humi, Halcyon chloris, 74 humii, Chrysophlegma, 88 Halcyon, 74 Picus mentalis, 88 humilis, Columba, 51 Pomatorhinus schisticeps, 139 Pomatorhinus schisticeps ripponi, 139 Streptopelia tranquebarica, 51 Hydrocorax niger, 4 Hydrophasianus chirurgus, 32 Hydroprogne caspia, 44 Hydrornis, subg., 97 Hyloterpe brunneicauda, 156 hymenaica, Ploceella hypoxantha, 216 hymenaicus, Ploceus hypoxanthus, 216 hyperythra, Muscicapa, 186 Muscicapa hyperythra, 186 hyperythrus, Dendrocopos hyperythrus, 91 Picus, 91 hypoballus, Dissemurus paradiseus, 127 Hypogramma hypogrammicum lisettae, 205 hypogrammicum nuchale, 205 hypoleuca, Cissa, 129 Cissa thalassina, 129 hypoleucos, Actitis, 38 Tringa, 38 Hypothymis azurea galerita, 193 azurea montana, 193 azurea prophata, 193 thalassina, 184 hypoxantha, Rhipidura, 192 Hypsipetes charlottae eryptus, 121 concolor, 122 criniger criniger, 119 flavala bourdellei, 121 flavala cinereus, 122 flavala davisoni, 122 flavala hildebrandi, 122 madagascariensis concolor, 122 madagascariensis leucothorax, 122 madagascariensis sinensis, 122 madagascariensis stresemanni, 122 malaccensis, 121 INDEX Hypsipetes—Continued meclellandii canescens, 121 mceclellandii loquax, 121 meclellandii peracensis, 121 mcclellandii tickelli, 121 propinquus cinnamomeoventris, 120 propinquus lekhakuni, 120 propinquus propinquus, 120 propinquus simulator, 120 thompsoni, 123 tickelli, 121 viridescens myitkyinensis, 119 viridescens viridescens, 120 Ibis gigantea, 11 leucocephala, 9 ichthyaetus, Falco, 19 Icthyophaga ichthyaetus, 19 Icthyaetus nanus, 19 Icthyophaga ichthyatus ichthyaetus, 19 nana nana, 19 Ictinaetus malayensis, 19 idonea, Tribura, 182 idoneus, Bradypterus luteoventris, 182 igneus, Pericrocotus, 108 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus, 108 ignicapilla, Dicaeum, 211 ignicapillus, Prionochilus 211 ignipectus, Myzanthe, 213 ignita, Nectarinia, 213 ignitum, Dicaeum cruentatum, 213 ijimae, Clivicola riparia, 100 Riparia riparia, 100 immaculatus, Enicurus, 163 immaculatus, Motacilla, 163 imperator, Pavo muticus, 27 incei, Muscipeta, 194 Terpsiphone paradisi, 194 incognita, Sturnia, 202 incompta, Chloropsis aurifrons, 111 indica, Chaetura, 67 Chaetura gigantea, 67 Chalcophaps indica, 52 Columba, 52 Gallinula chloropus, 31 Kittacincla macroura, 162 Megalaima haemacephala, 83 Motacilla, 196 Parra, 32 Indicator archipelagicus, 83 percussus, 239 indicus, Accipiter trivirgatus, 16 Astur, 16 Bucco, 83 Burhinus oedicnemus, 42 Butastur, 17 Copsychus malabaricus, 162 Dendronanthus, 196 Enicurus leschenaulti, 163 Falco, 17 Gallinula chloropus, 31 Metopidius, 32 Oedicnemus, 42 Rallus, 29 Rallus aquaticus, 29 indistinctum, Pellorneum ruficeps, 135 indochina, Cyornis rufigastra, 190 Muscicapa tickelliae, 190 indochinae, Batrachostomus hodgsoni, 64 indochinense, Malacopteron cinereum, 138 indochinensis, Coracina polioptera, 104 Horizillas rufifrons, 138 Lalage fimbriata, 104 Tchitrea affinis, 194 Terpsiphone paradisi, 194 indo-malayicus, Chrysocolaptes lucidus, 94 indus, Falco, 15 Haliastur indus, 15 inexpectatus, Orthotomus sutorius, 177 infortunatus, Ploceus passerinus, 216 Ploceus philippinus, 216 infumatus, Cypselus, 68 Cypsiurus parvus, 68 infuscata, Cyornis unicolor, 189 Muscicapa, 189 ingrami, Spizixos canifrons, 112 innitens, Pycnonotus aurigaster, 116 innominata, Collocalia, 66 Collocalia brevirostris, 67 innotata Iora, 110 Zoothera citrina, 167 innotota, Geocichla, 167 inornata, Chloropsis aurifrons, 111 inornatus, Chloropsis aurifrons, 111 Phylloscopus inornatus, 173 Regulus, 173 insolens, Corvus, 131 Corvus splendens, 131 intensiflava, Arachnothera chrysogenys, 209 intensior, Phylloscopus davisoni, 175 240 intermedia, Arachnechthra, 206 Columba, 50 Columba livia, 50 Coracina melaschista, 105 Gracula religiosa, 203 Nectarinia asiatica, 206 Timalia pileata, 148 Volvocivora, 105 intermedium, Dinopium javanense, 89 intermedius, Allotrius, 153 Blythipicus pyrrhotis, 93 Centrococeyx, 59 Centropus sinensis, 59 Gracula, 203 Haliastur, 16 Haliastur indus, 16 Hemipus, 103 Hemipus picatus, 103 Picus, 89 Pteruthius aenobarbus, 153 internota, Anthreptes singalensis, 204 internotus, Anthreptes singalensis, 204 interposita, Anthreptes singalensis, 205 Chaleoparia singalensis, 205 Herpornis xantholeuca, 156 Kittacinela malabarica, 162 Yuhina zantholeuca, 156 interpositus, Copsychus malabaricus, 162 interpres, Tringa, 38 Turdus, 167 Zoothera interpres, 167 interrumpens, Turnix suscitator, 28 interstinctus, Falco, 22 Falco Tinnunculus, 22 inveterata, Mixornis gularis, 147 inveteratus, Macronous gularis, 147 invisa, Cyanops australis, 82 Tole cinerea, 122 olivacea crypta, 121 tickelli peracensis, 121 virescens cinnamomeoventris, 120 viridescens, 120 Jora innotata, 110 lafresnayei, 110 Irena malayensis, 128 puella malayensis, 128 puella puella, 128 puella sikkimensis, 128 isani, Criniger pallidus, 118 Ixidia webberi, 114 Ixobrychus cinnamomeus, 8 eurhythmus, 8 sinensis, 8 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Ixos canescens, 121 erythropthalmos, 117 mcclellandii loquax, 121 phaeocephalus, 119 Ixulus striatus, 154 Ixus germani, 116 Iyngipicus pumilus, 92 Tynx torquilla chinensis, 83 jambu, Columba, 49 Ptilinopus, 49 Pycnonotus goiavier, 117 japonensis, Falco, 22 Falco peregrinus, 22 japonica, Coturnix coturnix, 23 Coturnix vulgaris, 23 javanense, Dinopium javanense, 89 javanensis, Centropus, 59 Centropus toulou, 59 Picus, 89 javanica, Anas, 11 Ciconia, 10 Dendrocygna, 11 Hirundo, 100 Hirundo tahitica, 100 Sterna, 43 javanicus, Chlidonias hybridus, 43 Leptoptilos, 10 Merops, 74 Merops philippinus, 74 javensis, Dryocopus javensis, 91 Picus, 91 jerdoni, Aegialitis, 34 Aviceda jerdoni, 14 Charadrius dubius, 34 Pernis, 14 Timalia, 148 Timalia pileata, 148 joannae, Zosterops aureiventer, 214 Zosterops palpebrosa, 214 johnsoni, Pyenonotus melanicterus, 114 jonesi, Gennaeus, 26 Lophura nycthemera, 26 Jora viridissima, 109 jotaka, Caprimulgus, 65 Caprimulgus, indicus, 65 jugans, Tephrodornis gularis, 104 Tephrodornis virgatus, 104 jugularis, Meiglyptes, 90 Picus, 90 juneae, Psittacula roseata, 52 Jynx torquilla chinensis, 83 karenni, Alcippe poioicephala, 157 kasumba, Harpactes kasumba, 69 INDEX Kenopia striata, 141 Ketupa ketupa aagaardi, 62 zeylonensis leschenault, 61 khamensis, Accipiter gentilis, 16 Astur palumbarius, 16 khmerensis, Alcippe rufogularis, 156 Schoeniparus rufogularis, 156 kinneari, Chloropsis cochinchinensis, 111 Crypsirina vagabunda, 130 Dendrocitta rufa, 131 Kittacincla macroura indica, 162 malabarica interposita, 162 malabarica pellogyna, 162 klossi, Cyornis rubeculoides, 189 Harpactes erythrocephalus, 70 Molpastes atricapillus, 115 Muscicapa rubeculoides, 189 Pomatorhinus schisticeps, 140 Pyenonotus aurigaster, 115 Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus, 70 klossii, Bubo coromandus, 61 Myiophoneus, 166 koratensis, Anthreptes singalensis, 204 Chalcoparia singalensis, 204 Lacedo pulchella amabilis, 73 pulchella deignani, 73 pulchella pulchella, 72 lactea, Glareola, 43 laeta, Leioptila melanoleuca, 158 Megalaima chrysopogon, 80 laetus, Chotorhea chrysopogon, 80 lafresnayei, Aegithina lafresnayei, 110 Tora, 110 lagopoda, Delichon urbica, 102 Hirundo, 102 Lalage fimbriata indochinensis, 104 nigra striata, 106 Lamprocorax panayensis halictypus, 200 Lamprotornis spilopterus, 200 lanceolata, Locustella, 176 Sylvia, 176 Lanius collurioides, 199 collurioides collurioides, 199 cristatus, 198 cristatus confusus, 198 cristatus cristatus, 198 cristatus lucionensis, 199 cristatus superciliosus, 199 divaricatus, 106 hypoleucus siamensis, 199 longicaudatus, 200 lucionensis, 199 malabaricus, 126 241 Lanius—Continued musicus, 162 nasutus longicaudatus, 200 nasutus tricolor, 200 nigriceps longicaudatus, 200 nigriceps schomburgki, 200 schach, 200 superciliosus, 199 tephronotus, 199 tigrinus, 199 tricolor, 200 laoensis, Corydon sumatranus, 94 Garrulax merulinus, 151 laotiana, Muscicapula sapphira, 187 Strix leptogrammica, 63 laotianus, Paradoxornis gularis, 159 Picus chlorolophus, 88 Psittiparus gularis, 159 Strix newarensis, 63 lapponica, Limosa lapponica, 36 Scolopax, 36 Larus brunnicephalus, 43 lathami, Emberiza, 220 Melophus, 220 latirostris, Muscicapa, 184 Muscicapa latirostris, 184 latispatula, Bhringa remifer, 125 latouchei, Pycnonotus aurigaster, 115 laubmanni, Aleedo, 71 Alcedo meninting, 71 laurentei, Cettia pallidipes, 181 Urosphena, 181 laurentii, Cyanops davisoni, 81 Megalaima asiatica, 81 lefoli, Bhringa remifer, 125 Dicrurus remifer, 125 Leioptila melanoleuca laeta, 158 saturata, 158 Leiothrix argentauris galbana, 152 argentauris tahanensis, 152 lekhakuni, Hypsipetes propinquus, 120 Microscelis charlottae, 120 Muscicapa banyumas, 190 lepida, Certhia, 204 Chaleoparia singalensis, 204 lepidota, Uroloncha acuticauda, 217 Leptoptilos dubius, 10 javanicus, 10 leschenault, Ketupa zeylonensis, 61 Strix, 61 leschenaulti, Merops, 74 Merops leschenaulti, 74 leschenaultii, Charadrius, 35 242 Lestris pomarinus, 43 lettia, Otus bakkamoena, 61 Scops, 61 leucocephala, Ibis, 9 Phoenicura, 165 leucocephalus, Acridotheres, 202 Chaimarrornis leucocephalus, 165 Sturnus burmannicus, 202 Leucocerca burmanica, 192 leucogaster, Anthracoceros albirostris, 78 Buceros, 78 Falco, 19 Garrulax, 149 Haliaeetus, 19 leucogastra, Amadina, 217 Lonchura leucogastra, 217 leucogenis, Buchanga, 124 Dicrurus leucophaeus, 124 leucomelanura, Ceryle, 71 Ceryle rudis, 71 leucops, Digenea, 185 Muscicapa monileger, 185 leucopsis, Motacilla, 195 Motacilla alba, 195 leucoptera, Phoenicura, 162 Sterna, 43 leucopterus, Chlidonias, 43 Glaucopis, 131 Phoenicurus auroreus, 162 Platysmurus leucopterus, 131 leucopygialis, Acanthylis, 68 Chaetura, 68 leucosticta, Corythocichla, 142 Napothera brevicaudata, 142 leucothorax, Hypsipetes madagascari- ensis, 122 Microscelis leucocephalus, 122 leucotis, Garrulus, 129 Garrulus glandarius, 129 Stachyris leucotis, 145 leucura, Muscisylvia, 163 Myiomela leucura, 163 leuphotes, Aviceda leuphotes, 14 Falco, 14 levaillantii, Corvus, 131 Corvus macrorhynchos, 131 lewisi, Gennaeus, 26 Lophura nycthemera, 26 lhasae, Streptopelia orientalis, 50 Turtur, 50 Lillia substriolata, 101 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 limborgi, Chrysococcyx, 56 Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus, 56 Limicola falcinellus falcinellus, 41 falcinellus sibirica, 41 sibirica, 41 limnaeetus, Falco, 17 Spizaetus cirrhatus, 17 Limosa lapponica lapponica, 36 lapponica menzbieri, 36 limosa melanuroides, 36 melanuroides, 36 lineata, Lophura leucomelana, 25 Megalaima zeylanica, 80 lineatus, Capito, 80 Haliaetus, 15 Milvus lineatus, 15 Phasianus, 25 Liocichla ripponi, 152 lisettae, Anthreptes hypogrammica, 205 Hypogramma hypogrammicum, 205 liventer, Butastur, 17 Falco, 17 Lobivanellus atronuchalis, 33 lochmius, Garrulax, 150 Garrulax chinensis, 150 Locustella certhiola minor, 177 lanceolata, 176 minor, 177 Lonchura leucogastra leucogastra, 217 maja, 218 malaceca deignani, 218 malacca sinensis, 218 punctulata topela, 217 striata acuticauda, 217 striata subsquamicollis, 217 longicauda, Rhipidura, 193 Rhipidura javanica, 193 longicaudatus, Lanius, 200 Lanius nasutus, 200 Lanius nigriceps, 200 Phaenicophaeus, 58 Phaenicophaeus tristis, 58 longipennis, Crypsirina varians, 131 Dendrocopos analis, 92 Dendrocopos macei, 92 longirostra, Certhia, 208 longirostris, Arachnothera longirostris, 208 Perdix, 23 Rhizothera longirostris, 23 Upupa, 76 Upupa epops, 76 lonnbergi, Criniger, 120 INDEX Lophocitta ardesiaca, 129 Lophura diardi, 26 ignita rufa, 26 leucomelana crawfurdii, 25 leucomelana lineata, 25 nycthemera jonesi, 26 nycthemera lewisi, 26 loquax, Hypsipetes meclellandii, 121 Ixos mceclellandii, 121 Loriculus galgulus, 53 vernalis phileticus, 53 vernalis vernalis, 53 Loxia erythrina, 218 maja, 218 oryzivora, 217 prasina, 216 lucionensis, Lanius, 199 Lanius cristatus, 199 lunatus, Eurylaimus, 96 Serilophus lunatus, 96 lutescens, Macronous gularis, 146 Mixornis rubricapilla, 146 lylei, Chrysophlegma flavinucha, 88 Picus flavinucha, 88 Lymnocryptes minimum, 40 Lyncornis cerviniceps, 65 macgrigoriae, Muscicapa, 188 Phoenicura, 188 Macheiramphus alcinus, 14 alcinus alcinus, 14 macrocerus, Eupetes, 158 Eupetes macrocerus, 158 macrodactyla, Napothera macrodactyla, 141 macrodactylum, Malacopteron, 141 Macronous gularis chersonesophilus, 147 gularis connectens, 147 gularis inveteratus, 147 gularis lutescens, 146 ptilosus, 147 gularis saraburiensis, 146 gularis sulphureus, 146 ptilosus ptilosus, 147 Macronus gularis saraburiensis, 146 macronyx, Budytes flavus, 196 Motacilla flava, 196 Macropygia assimilis, 50 ruficeps assimilis, 50 unchall tusalia, 50 subg., 50 Macrorhamphus semipalmatus, 39 243 macrorhynchos, Corvus, 132 Corvus macrorhynchos, 132 maculata, Stachyris maculata, 145 Timalia, 145 maculatus, Chrysococcyx, 56 maculicollis, Orthotomus, 177 Orthotomus sutorius, 177 maculipennis, Abrornis, 173 Phylloscopus maculipennis, 173 magna, Sitta, 134 Sitta magna, 134 magnirostre, Malacopteron magnirostre, 139 magnirostris, Alcippe, 139 Cissa erythrorhyncha, 130 Cyornis, 190 Esacus magnirostris, 42 Muscicapa banyumas, 190 Oedicnemus, 42 Psilorhinus, 130 Treron, 48 Treron capellei, 48 magnum, Malacopteron, 138 Malacopteron magnum, 138 mahrattensis, Dendrocopos, 92 Picus, 92 maingayi, Strix leptogrammica, 64 Syrnium, 64 maja, Lonchura, 218 Loxia, 218 major, Alcippe rufogularis, 156 Schoeniparus rufigularis, 156 malabaricus, Dicrurus paradiseus, 126 Lanius, 126 malaccense, Brachypteryx, 137 Trichastoma malaccense, 137 malaccensis, Cymbirhynechus macro- rhynchos, 95 Cymborhynchus, 95 Hypsipetes, 121 Passer montanus, 215 Pelargopsis, 72 Pelargopsis capensis, 72 Picus, 89 Picus miniaceus, 89 malacensis, Anthreptes malacensis, 204 Certhia, 204 Pavo, 27 Malacocincla abbotti, 138 abbotti obscurior, 138 abbotti rufescentior, 138 abbotti williamsoni, 138 sepiaria tardinata, 137 244 Malacopteron affine affine, 139 cinereum cinereum, 139 cinereum indochinense, 138 cinereus, 139 macrodactylum, 141 magnirostre magnirostre, 139 magnum, 138 magnum magnum, 138 olivaceum, 138 malaya, Cisticola juncidis, 181 malayana, Digenea, 186 Eudynamis, 57 Eudynamys scolopacea, 57 Muscicapa solitaris, 186 malayanus, Anthracoceros, 78 Buceros, 78 Cacomantis sonneratii, 55 Chrysococcyx malayanus, 56 Cuculus, 56 malayensis, Anthus, 198 Anthus novae-seelandiae, 198 Chotorhea rafflesii, 81 Falco, 19 Ictinaetus, 19 Irena, 128 Irena puella, 128 Megalaima rafflesii, 81 Spilornis cheela, 21 malayorum, Picumnus innominatus, 84 maldivarum, Glareola, 42 mandellii, Phylloscopus inornatus, 173 Reguloides, 173 mandschurica, Hirundo rustica, 101 mangini, Aethopyga siparaja, 207 manilensis, Ardea purpurea, 5 marginata, Zoothera, 169 marionae, Mirafra assamica, 100 maura, Motacilla, 164 Saxicola torquata, 164 maxima, Collocalia, 66 Collocalia maxima, 66 mayri, Athene brama, 63 Hirundo daurica, 101 Hirundo striolata, 101 megala, Capella, 39 Gallinago, 39 Megalaema ramsayi, 81 Megalaima asiatica chersonesus, 82 asiatica davisoni, 81 asiatica laurentii, 81 australis cyanotis, 82 australis orientalis, 83 australis stuarti, 82 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Megalaima—Continued chrysopogon laeta, 80 davisoni, 81 faiostricta faiostricta, 80 faiostricta praetermissa, 80 franklinii ramsayi, 81 franklinii trangensis, 81 haemacephala indica, 83 henricii henricii, 82 incognita elbeli, 82 incognita euroa, 82 mystacophanos mystacophanos, 81 rafflesii malayensis, 81 vires virens, 80 zeylanica hodgsoni, 80 zeylanica lineata, 80 Megalaimus hodgsoni, 80 Megalurus palustris toklao, 177 sp:, Lviv megarhyncha, Pitta, 98 Pitta moluccensis, 98 Meiglyptes jugularis, 90 tristis grammithorax, 90 tukki tukki, 90 mekongensis, Tephrodornis gularis, 104 Tephrodornis virgatus, 104 melanchima, Cutia nipalensis, 152 melanocephalus, Tantalus, 10 Threskiornis, 10 Melanochlora sultanea flavo-cristata, 133 sultanea sultanea, 133 melanogaster, Anhinga, 4 melanoleuca, Heterophasia melanoleuca, 158 Sibia, 158 melanoleucos, Circus, 20 Falco, 20 Pycnonotus, 113 melanolopha, Ardea, 8 melanolophus, Goisakius melanolophus, 8 melanope, Motacilla, 195 Motacilla caspica, 195 melanostigma, Garrulax, 151 Garrulax erythrocephalus, 151 melanotis, Pteruthius, 153 Pteruthius melanotis, 153 melanotos, Sarkidiornis, 13 melanozanthum, Dicaeum, 212 melanuroides, Limosa, 36 Limosa limosa, 36 melaschista, Coracina melaschista, 105 INDEX melaschistos, Volvocivora, 105 Melias diardi, 57 mellianus, Oriolus traillii, 128 Melophus lathami, 220 menzbieri, Limosa lapponica, 36 meridionale, Trochalopterum, 149 meridionalis, Culicicapa ceylonensis, 191 Garrulax pectoralis, 149 Merops amictus, 75 athertoni, 75 ferrugeiceps, 75 javanicus, 74 leschenaulti, 74 leschenaulti leschenaulti, 74 orientalis ferrugeiceps, 75 philippinus javanicus, 74 viridis, 75 viridis viridis, 75 Mesia argentauris galbana, 152 argentauris tahanensis, 152 Mesobucco duvauceli stuarti, 82 duvaugli orientalis, 83 mesoxantha, Zosterops, 214 Metopidius indicus, 32 Microhierax caerulescens burmanicus, 21 horsfieldii, 21 Micronisus poliopsis, 16 Micropternus brachyurus phaioceps, 84 brachyurus squamigularis, 85 brachyurus williamsoni, 85 subg., 84, 90 micropterus, Cuculus, 54 Cuculus micropterus, 54 microrhynchus, Gecinus canus, 86 Microscelis charlottae iekhakuni, 120 charlottae simulator, 120 leucocephalus leucothorax, 122 leucocephalus stresemanni, 122 viridescens myitkyinensis, 119 Microura pusilla harterti, 143 pusilla pusilla, 143 mikado, Turnix sylvatica, 28 Milvus govinda, 15 lineatus lineatus, 15 migrans govinda, 15 minima, Scolopax, 40 minimus, Lymnocryptes, 40 Minla castaneceps, 156 cyanouroptera sordida, 154 cyanouroptera sordidior, 154 cyanouroptera wingatei, 154 strigula castanicauda, 154 245 minor, Fregata minor, 4 Locustella, 177 Locustella certhiola, 177 Mixornis gularis, 146 Pelecanus, 4 Pycnonotus nigricans, 114 Mirafra assamica marionae, 100 assamica subsessor, 99 cantillans williamsoni, 100 javanica williamsoni, 100 Mixornis gularis chersonesophila, 147 gularis deignani, 147 gularis inveterata, 147 gularis minor, 146 rubricapilla connecteus, 147 rubricapilla lutescens, 146 mixta, Heterophasia annectens, 158 modesta, Anthreptes, 210 Arachnothera affinis, 210 Ardea, 7 Egretta alba, 7 modestum, Dicaeum agile, 211 Molpastes atricapillus klossi, 115 aurigaster thais, 115 moluccensis, Chloropsis, 112 Chloropsis cochinchinensis, 112 Pitta moluccensis, 98 Turdus, 98 Monacha caesia, 191 Monarcha azurea galerita, 193 montana, Hypothymis azurea, 193 Monticola gularis, 165 rufiventris sinensis, 165 solitarius affinis, 165 solitarius philippensis, 166 monticolus, Caprimulgus, 66 Caprimulgus affinis, 66 morator, Corydon sumatranus, 94 Motacilla alba alboides, 195 alba baicalensis, 195 alba leucopsis, 195 alba ocularis, 195 alboides, 195 baicalensis, 195 caspica melanope, 195 cervina, 198 citreola, 196 citreola citreola, 196 cyane, 161 emeria, 115 946 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Motacilla—Continued flava angarensis, 196 flava macronyx, 196 flava taivana, 196 immaculatus, 163 indica, 196 leucopsis, 195 maura, 164 melanope, 195 ocularis, 195 schistaceus, 163 svecica, 161 mouhoti, Buchanga, 124 Dicrurus leucophaeus, 124 Garrulax, 149 Garrulax monilegerus, 149 muelleri, Erythromyias, 186 Muscicapa, 186 Muscicapa dumetoria, 186 mugimaki, Muscicapa, 185 mulleri, Brachyurus, 98 Pitta sordida, 98 Mulleripicus feddeni, 91 heddeni, 91 pulverulentus celadinus, 91 pulverulentus harterti, 90 Munia acuticauda, 217 sinensis, 218 topela, 217 murielae, Sphenurus sieboldi, 47 Treron sieboldii, 47 musarum, Arachnothera magna, 210 Muscicapa aedon, 175 aestigma, 187 albicilla, 185 banyumas coerulifrons, 190 banyumas deignani, 190 banyumas lekhakuni, 190 banyumas magnirostris, 190 banyumas whitei, 190 capitalis, 103 concreta, 188 concreta concreta, 188 cyanomelana cumatilis, 187 dumetoria muelleri, 186 grandis decipiens, 188 grandis grandis, 187 hainana, 188 hirundinaceus, 103 hodgsonii, 186 hyperythra, 186 hyperythra hyperythra, 186 infuscata, 189 Muscicapa—Continued latirostris, 184 latirostris cinereo-alba, 183 latirostris latirostris, 184 latirostris sSiamensis, 184 macgrigoriae, 188 monileger leucops, 185 muelleri, 186 mugimaki, 185 parva albicilla, 185 picata, 103 pondiceriana, 103 pyrhoptera, 192 rubeculoides dialilaema, 189 rubeculoides glaucicomans, 189 rubeculoides klossi, 189 rufilata, 184 rupicola, 175 sapphira laotiana, 187 sibirica, 183 sibirica cacabata, 183 sibirica rothschildi, 183 sibirica sibirica, 183 solitaris malayana, 186 solitaris submoniliger, 186 strophiata strophiata, 185 sundara denotata, 188 superciliaris aestigma, 187 thalassina, 184 thalassina thalassina, 184 thalassina thalassoides, 184 tickelliae indochina, 190 tickelliae sumatrensis, 191 unicolor harterti, 189 unicolor unicolor, 189 vivida oatesi, 188 westermani australorientis, 186 westermani westermani, 187 westermanni australorientis, 186 williamsoni, 184 zanthopygia, 185 subg., 184 Muscicapella hodgsoni hodgsoni, 191 Muscicapula sapphira laotiana, 187 westermanni, 187 Muscipeta atrocaudata, 193 incei, 194 Muscisylvia leucura, 163 Muscitrea cinerea, 194 musicus, Copsychus saularis, 162 Lanius, 162 muticus, Pavo, 28 Pavo muticus, 28 INDEX 247 Mycerobas melanozanthos fratris-regis, | negatus, Pycnonotus melanicterus, 114 218 Mycteria asiatica, 10 Myiomela leucura leucura, 163 Myiophoneus crassirostris, 167 eugenei, 166 klossii, 166 stenei, 166 Myiothera caerulea, 97 myitkyinensis, Hypsipetes viridescens, 119 Microscelis viridescens, 119 Myophonus caeruleus caeruleus, 166 caeruleus crassirostris, 167 caeruleus dicrorhynchus, 167 caeruleus eugenei, 166 caeruleus rileyi, 166 caeruleus temminckii, 166 dicrorhynchus, 167 temminckii, 166 temminckii changensis, 167 myrmecophoneus, Picus, 86 mystacophanos, Bucco, 81 Megalaima mystacophanos, 81 Myzanthe ignipectus, 213 nana, Icthyophaga nana, 19 nangka, Heteroxenicus, 160 nanus, Icthyaetus, 19 Spizaetus, 18 Spizaetus nanus, 18 Napothera brevicaudata brevicaudata, 142 brevicaudata griseigularis, 142 brevicaudata leucosticta, 142 crispifrons calcicola, 141 crispifrons crispifrons, 141 epilepidota davisoni, 142 epilepidota granti, 142 macrodactyla macrodactyla, 141 nassovicus, Pericrocotus solaris, 108 nebularia, Tringa, 37 Nectarinia asiatica intermedia, 206 calcostetha, 205 calcostetha calcostetha, 205 chrysogenys, 209 dabryii, 206 flammaxillaris, 206 ignita, 213 jugularis flammaxillaris, 206 simplex, 203 sperata brasiliana, 205 temminckii, 208 Necterinia seheriae, 207 neglecta, Coracina fimbriata, 105 Sitta, 134 Sitta europaea, 134 Volvocivora, 105 neglectus, Pericrocotus, 108 Pericrocopus brevirostris, 108 nemoricola, Capella, 39 Gallinago, 39 Sturnia, 201 Sturnus malabarica, 201 Nemura hodgsoni, 191 rufilatus, 161 Nettapus coromandelianus delianus, 13 nicobarica, Caloenas nicobarica, 52 Columba, 52 niger, Hydrocorax, 4 Phalacrocorax pygmeus, 4 nigra, Ardea, 9 Ciconia, 9 nigrescens, Dicrurus, 125 Dicrurus leucophaeus, 125 nigrescentior, Stachyris striolata, 145 nigricans, Alcedo, 72 nigricollis, Gracula, 201 Stachyris, 146 Sturnus, 201 Timalia, 146 nigrigenis, Gecinus, 87 Picus erythropygius, 87 nigrocapitata, Brachypteryx, 136 nigrocapitatum, Pellorneum capistra- tum, 136 nihonensis, Charadrius alexandrinus, 34 nilotica, Gelochelidon nilotica, 44 Sterna, 44 Niltava decipiens, 188 grandis nobilis, 187 oatesi, 188 smithi, 188 sundara denotata, 188 williaminae, 188 Ninox burmanica, 63 scutulata burmanica, 63 scutulata florensis, 63 scutulata scutulata, 63 nipalensis, Aceros, 77 Bubo, 61 Bubo nipalensis, 61 Buceros, 77 Nisactus, 18 Spizaetus nipalensis, 18 coroman- 248 U.S. NATIONAL nipalensis—Continued Toria, 47 Treron curvirostra, 47 Nisactus nipalensis, 18 Nisaetus alboniger, 18 nisicolor, Cuculus, 54 Cuculus fugax, 54 nisosimilis, Accipiter nisus, 16 Falco, 16 Nisus, subg., 17 nitidus, Orthotomus, 178 Orthotomus atrogularis, 178 nobilis, Niltava grandis, 187 Noctua brodiei, 62 nubicolus, Parus major, 132 nubilosa, Sterna, 45 Sterna fusecata, 45 nuchale, Hypogramma hypogrammi- cum, 205 nuchalis, Anthreptes, 205 Numenius arquata orientalis, 35 orientalis, 35 phaeopus phaeopus, 35 phaeopus variegatus, 35 nycticorax, Ardea, 7 Nycticorax nycticorax, 7 Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax, 7 Nyctyornis amictus, 75 athertoni athertoni, 75 nyroca, Anas, 12 Aythya, 12 oatesi, Muscicapa vivida, 188 Niltava, 188 Pitta oatesi, 97 objurgans, Prinia rufescens, 179 oblitus, Anaimos maculatus, 211 Prionochilus maculatus, 211 obscura, Stachyris rufifrons, 143 obscurata, Ducula badia, 49 obscuratus, Phylloscopus trochiloides, 174 obscurior, Malacocincla abbotti, 138 obscurius, Trichastoma abbotti, 138 obscurus, Turdus, 169 Turdus obscurus, 169 ochraceiceps, Pomatorhinus, 141 Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps, 141 ochraceus, Criniger, 118 Criniger ochraceus, 118 ochromalus, Eurylaimus, 95 Eurylaimus ochromalus, 95 ocrophus, Tringa, 37 MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 ocularis, Motacilla, 195 Motacilla alba, 195 oculea, Caloperdix oculea, 25 Perdix, 25 Oedicnemus indicus, 42 magnirostris, 42 recurvirostris, 42 olax, Columba, 47 Treron, 47 olivacea, Cyornis, 182 Rhinomyias olivacea, 182 olivaceum, Dicaeum, 212 Dicaeum concolor, 212 Malacopteron, 138 Trichastoma abbotti, 138 olivaceus, Pomatorhinus, 140 Pomatorhinus schisticeps, 140 olivea, Saxicola, 181 Tesia, 181 Oreocincla dauma socia, 168 horsfieldi affinis, 169 orientalis, Acrocephalus arundinaceus, 176 Megalaima australis, 83 Mesobucco duvaugli, 83 Numenius, 35 Numenius arquata, 35 Pernis apivorus, 14 Pernis ptilorhyncus, 14 Salicaria turdina, 176 Oriolus chinensis diffusus, 127 diffusus, 127 luteolus thaiacous, 127 sinensis, 201 tenuirostris, 127 tenuirostris tenuirostris, 127 traillii mellianus, 128 traillii traillii, 128 xanthonotus, 127 xanthonotus xanthonotus, 127 xanthornus xanthornus, 127 ornata, Emberiza aureola, 219 Oroecetes gularis, 165 Orthonychinae, 158 Orthorhinus, subg., 140 Orthotomus atrogularis, 178 atrogularis atrogularis, 178 atrogularis nitidus, 178 coronatus, 178 cuculatus coronatus, 178 cuculatus thais, 179 maculicollis, 177 nitidus, 178 INDEX Orthotomus—Continued ruficeps ruficeps, 178 sericeus hesperius, 178 sutorius inexpectatus, 177 sutorius maculicollis, 177 oryzivora, Loxia, 217 Padda, 217 oscitans, Anastomus, 9 Ardea, 9 Osmotreron phayrei, 47 Otocompsa personata, 117 Otus bakkamoena condorensis, 61 bakkamoena lettia, 61 luciae siamensis, 60 sagittatus, 60 scops distans, 60 scops stictonotus, 60 senegalensis distans, 60 spilocephalus siamensis, 60 Pachycephala cinerea cinerea, 194 cinerea vandepolli, 194 vandepolli, 194 pacifica, Hirundo, 68 pacificus, Apus pacificus, 68 Padda oryzivora, 217 pagodarum, Arachnothera magna, 210 Palaeornis eupatria siamensis, 52 finschii, 53 pallescens, Dicaeum agile, 211 palleuca, Egretta intermedia, 7 pallida, Arachnothera longirostra, 208 Arachnothera longirostris, 208 pallidus, Eurylaimus javanicus, 95 Phaenicophaeus javanicus, 58 Zanclostomus javanicus, 58 Pandion haliaetus haliaetus, 21 Paradisea tristis, 202 paradiseus, Cuculus, 126 Dicrurus paradiseus, 126 Paradoxornis davidianus thompsoni, 159 gularis laotianus, 159 gularis transfluvialis, 159 guttaticollis, 159 nipalensis feae, 159 Pardalotus thoracicus, 210 Parra indica, 32 Parus flavo-cristatus, 133 major ambiguus, 132 major nubicolus, 132 major templorum, 132 sinensis, 148 subviridis, 132 249 Parus—Continued sultaneus, 133 xanthogenys subviridis, 132 Passer flaveolus, 215 montanus malaccensis, 215 passerinus, Cuculus, 56 Ploceus philippinus, 215 Pastor traillii, 128 patriciae, Timalia pileata, 148 pattani, Pycnonotus jocosus, 115 paulus, Pyenonotus striatus, 113 Pavo bicalcaratus, 27 malacensis, 27 muticus, 28 muticus imperator, 27 muticus muticus, 28 paykullii, Porzana, 30 Rallus, 30 Pelargopsis amauroptera, 72 burmanica, 72 capensis burmanica, 72 capensis malaccensis, 72 malaccensis, 72 Pelecanus minor, 4 philippensis, 3 philippensis philippensis, 3 plotus, 3 sinensis, 4 pellogyna, Kittacincla malabarica, 162 pellogynus, Copsychus malabaricus, 162 Pellorneum albiventre cinnamomeum, 136 capistratum nigrocapitatum, 136 ruficeps acrum, 136 ruficeps chthonium, 135 ruficeps elbeli, 135 ruficeps euroum, 136 ruficeps indistinctum, 135 ruficeps smithi, 136 ruficeps subochraceum, 136 ruficeps ubonense, 135 smithi, 136 subochraceum, 136 Pellornium tickelli, 137 penelope, Anas, 12 peninsulae, Alcedo euryzonia, 72 Garrulax erythrocephalus, 151 Garrulax leucolophus, 150 Trochalopterum, 150, 151 peninsulare, Dinopium rafflesii, 89 peninsularis, Arborophila charltonii, 24 Arborophila chloropus, 24 Garrulax leucolophus, 150 250 peninsularis—Continued Gauropicoides rafflesi, 89 Pitta cyanea, 98 Prinia rufescens, 179 peracensis, Bhringa remifer, 125 Dicrurus remifer, 125 Hypsipetes meclellandii, 121 Tole tickelli, 121 Perdix charltonii, 24 longirostris, 23 oculea, 25 phayrei, 23 Perecrocotus peregrinus vividus, 107 Pericrocotus brevirostris ethologus, 108 brevirostris neglectus, 108 cantonensis, 107 cinnamomeus igneus, 108 cinnamomeus sacerdos, 107 cinnamomeus separatus, 107 cinnamomeus thai, 107 cinnamomeus vividus, 107 divaricatus divaricatus, 106 ethologus eryptus, 108 ethologus ethologus, 108 ethologus ripponi, 108 flammeus elegans, 109 flammeus flammifer, 109 flammeus semiruber, 109 flammeus suchitrae, 109 flammifer, 109 igneus, 108 neglectus, 108 peregrinus sacerdos, 107 peregrinus separatus, 107 peregrinus thai, 107 roseus cantonensis, 107 roseus roseus, 107 rubro-limbatus, 108 solaris nassovicus, 108 solaris ripponi, 108 solaris rubro-limbatus, 108 speciosus semiruber, 109 peristephes, Halcyon concreta, 74 perlata, Rhipidura, 192 perlutus, Callolophus mineatus, 89 Picus miniaceus, 89 Pernis apivorus orientalis, 14 jerdoni, 14 ptilorhyneus gurneyi, 15 ptilorhyncus orientalis, 14. ptilorhyneus ruficollis, 15 ptilorhyneus torquatus, 15 ruficollis, 15 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pernis—Continued torquata, 15 peronii, Charadrius, 34 perplexus, Phylloscopus armandii, 172 perpulchra Halcyon, 73 Haleyon smyrnensis, 73 personata, Heliopais, 32 Otocompsa, 117 Podica, 32 personatus, Pyecnonotus goiavier, 117 petersi, Aethopyga saturata, 207 Petrocincla affinis, 165 phacopus, Numenius phacopus, 35 Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus_ chloro- phaeus, 58 curvirostris singularis, 58 diardi diardi, 57 javanicus pallidus, 58 longicaudatus, 58 sumatranus sumatranus, 57 tristis longicaudatus, 58 tristis saliens, 58 Phaenicornis elegans, 109 phaeocephalus, Criniger phaeocephalus, 119 Ixos, 119 phaeopus, Scolopax, 35 phaioceps Micropternus brachyurus, 84 Picus, 84 Phaiopicus grammithorax, 90 Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis, 4 fuscicollis, 4 pygmeus niger, 4 Phasianus argus, 27 crawfurdii, 25 gallus, 26 lineatus, 25 rufus, 26 phayrei, Anthocincla, 99 Francolinus pintadeanus, 23 Osmotreron, 47 Perdix, 23 Pitta, 99 Treron pompadora, 47 Philentoma pyrhopterum pyrhopterum, 192 velatum caesium, 191 phileticus, Loriculus vernalis, 53 philipi, Aegithina, 109 Aegithina tiphia, 109 philippensis, Monticola solitarius, 166 Pelecanus, 3 Pelecanus philippensis, 3 Turdus, 166 INDEX Phillopneuste fuscata, 172 Philomachus pugnax, 41 Phodilus badius badius, 60 Phoenicura leucocephala, 165 leucoptera, 162 macgrigoriae, 188 Phoenicurus auroreus leucopterus, 162 Phragamaticola aedon, 175 Phyllergates cucullatus thais, 179 Phyllopneuste borealis, 173 subg., 172 Phyllornis chlorocephalus, 111 cyanopogon, 110 Phylloscopus armandii armandii, 172 armandii perplexus, 172 borealis borealis, 173 davisoni davisoni, 175 davisoni disturbans, 175 davisoni intensior, 175 fuscatus fuscatus, 172 inornatus inornatus, 173 inornatus mandellii, 173 maculipennis maculipennis, 173 plumbeitarsus, 174 proregulus chloronotus, 173 pulcher, 172 pulcher pulcher, 172 reguloides claudiae, 174 ricketti ricketti, 175 schwarzi, 172 subaffinis, 172 subaffinis subaffinis, 172 tenellipes, 174 trochiloides obscuratus, 174 trochiloides plumbeitarsus, 174 trochiloides trochiloides, 174 picata, Muscicapa, 103 picatus, Hemipus picatus, 103 Picnonotus simplex, 117 Picumnus abnormis, 84 innominatus malayorum, 84 Picus atratus, 92 canente, 93 canicapillus, 92 canus gyldenstolpei, 86 canus hessei, 86 chlorolophus annamensis, 88 chlorolophus laotianus, 88 chlorolophus chlorolophoides, 88 erythropygius erythropygius, 87 erythropygius nigrigenis, 87 flavinucha, 87 flavinucha archon, 87 546-019 6318 251 Picus—Continued flavinucha flavinucha, 87 flavinucha lylei, 88 flavinucha pierrei, 87 guttacristatus, 94 hyperythrus, 91 intermedius, 89 javanensis, 89 javensis, 91 jugularis, 90 mahrattensis, 92 malaccensis, 89 mentalis humii, 88 miniaceus malaccensis, 89 miniaceus perlutus, 89 myrmecophoneus, 86 phaioceps, 84 pierrei, 87 puniceus continentis, 88 pyrrhotis, 93 squamigularis, 85 tukki, 90 viridanus, 86 vittatus connectens, 85 vittatus eisenhoferi, 85 vittatus eurous, 85 vittatus viridanus, 86 vittatus weberi, 86 pierrei, Picus, 87 Picus flavinucha, 87 pileata, Alcedo, 73 Haleyon, 73 Sterna, 46 pileatus, Anous stolidus, 46 Pitta caerulea caerulea, 97 cucullata, 98 cyanea, 98 cyanea aurantiaca, 98 cyanea cyanea, 98 cyanea peninsularis, 98 guajana ripleyi, 99 gurneyi, 99 irena ripleyi, 99 megarhyncha, 98 moluccensis megarhyncha, 98 moluccensis moluccensis, 98 oatesi oatesi, 97 phayrei, 99 sordida cucullata, 98 sordida mulleri, 98 soror, 97 soror soror, 97 placidus, Charadrius, 33 252 Platylophus galericulatus ardesiacus, 129 Platysmurus leucopterus leucopterus, 131 Ploceella hypoxantha hymenaica, 216 Ploceus hypoxanthus hymenaicus, 216 manyar williamsoni, 216 passerinus infortunatus, 216 philippinus angelorum, 216 philippinus infortunatus, 216 philippinus passerinus, 215 plotus, Pelecanus, 3 Sula leucogaster, 3 plumbea, Gallinula, 31 plumbeitarsus, Phylloscopus, 174 Phylloscopus trochiloides, 174 plumosus, Pycnonotus, 117 Pyecnonotus plumosus, 117 Pluvianus cinereus, 33 Pnoepyga pusilla harterti, 143 pusillus, 143 Podica personata, 32 Podiceps ruficollis poggei, 3 poggei, Colymbus nigricans, 3 Podiceps ruficollis 3 Polihierax insignis cinereiceps, 22 insignis harmandi, 22 poliocephala, Gallinula, 31 Stachyris, 145 Timalia, 145 poliocephalus, Cuculus, 55 Cuculus poliocephalus, 55 Porphyrio porphyrio, 31 poliogenys, Culicipeta, 170 Seicercus, 170 Poliohierax, subg., 22 Polionetta haringtoni, 12 poliopsis, Accipiter badius, 16 Micronisus, 16 polioptera, Campophaga, 105 Coracina polioptera, 105 Polyphasia tenuirostris, 55 Polyplectron bicalearatum bicalcaratum, 27 pomarinus, Lestris, 43 Stercorarius, 43 Pomatorhinus albogularis, 140 erythrogenys celatus, 140 ferruginosus albogularis, 140 hypoleucos tickelli, 140 ochraceiceps, 141 ochraceiceps alius, 141 ochraceiceps ochraceiceps, 141 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pomatorhinus—Continued olivaceus, 140 ripponi, 139 schisticeps difficilis, 139 schisticeps fastidiosus, 140 schisticeps humilis, 139 schisticeps klossi, 140 schisticeps olivaceus, 140 schisticeps ripponi, 139 tickelli, 140 pondiceriana, Muscicapa, 103 pondicerianus, Tephrodornis pondiceri- anus, 103 Porphyrio cinereus, 30 edwardsi, 31 porphyrio poliocephalus, 31 porphyrio viridis, 31 viridis, 31 Porzana amauroptera, 30 cinerea cinerea, 30 fusca bakeri, 30 paykullii, 30 pusilla pusilla, 30 praetermissa, Megalaima faiostricta, 80 Treron bisincta, 48 praetermissus, Thereiceryx flavostrictus, 80 prasina, Erythrura prasina, 216 Loxia, 216 Pratincola torquata yunnanensis, 164 subg., 42 pridii, Chloropsis aurifrons, 111 Prinia atrogularis erythropleura, 180 beavani, 179 flaviventris delacouri, 180 flaviventris rafflesi, 180 hodgsonii erro, 179 inornata herberti, 180 polychroa cooki, 180 rafflesi, 180 rufescens beavani, 179 rufescens extrema, 179 rufescens objurgans, 179 rufescens peninsularis, 179 subflava blanfordi, 180 subflava herberti, 180 Prionochilus maculatus oblitus, 211 maculatus septentrionalis, 210 percussus ignicapillus, 211 thoracicus, 210 prophata, Hypothymis azurea, 193 propinquus, Criniger, 120 INDEX propinquus—Continued Dryonastes, 151 Garrulax chinensis, 151 Hypsipetes propinquus, 120 Psarisomus assimilis, 96 dalhousiae assimilis, 96 dalhousiae cyanicauda, 96 Pseudibis gigantea, 11 papillosa davisoni, 10 pseudo-crocopus, Sphenocercus, 48 Treron phoenicoptera, 48 Pseudornis dicruroides, 57 Pseudoscolopax semipalmatus, 39 Psilorhinus magnirostris, 130 Psittacula alexandri fasciata, 52 eupatria siamensis, 52 finschii, 53 roseata juneae, 52 Psittacus cyanurus, 53 fasciatus, 52 galgulus, 53 vernalis, 53 Psittinus cyanurus cyanurus, 53 Psittiparus gularis laotianus, 159 Pteruthius aenobarbus intermedius, 153 aeralatus, 152 flaviscapis aeralatus, 152 flaviseapis ricketti, 153 flaviscapis schauenseei, 153 melanotis, 153 melanotis melanotis, 153 ricketti, 153 Ptilinopus jambu, 49 Ptilolaemus tickelli austeni, 77 tickelli tickelli, 77 ptilosus, Macronous, 147 Macronous ptilosus, 147 puella, Coracias, 128 Irena puella, 128 pugnax, Philomachus, 41 Tringa, 41 pulchella, Dacelo, 73 Lacedo pulchella, 73 pulcher, Phylloscopus, 172 Phylloscopus pulcher, 172 pulchricollis, Columba, 50 pumilus, Dendrocopos canicapillus, 92 Iyngipicus, 92 punicea, Columba, 50 puniceus, Columba, 50 purpurea, Cochoa, 164 pusilla, Emberiza, 219 253 pusilla—Continued Microura pusilla, 143 Porzana pusilla, 30 pusillus, Pnoepyga, 143 Rallus, 30 Pycnonotus atriceps atriceps, 113 aurigaster germani, 116 aurigaster innitens, 116 aurigaster klossi, 115 aurigaster latouchei, 115 aurigaster schauenseei, 115 aurigaster thais, 115 blanfordi conradi, 117 brunneus, 117 brunneus brunneus, 117 cafer schauenseei, 115 cyaniventris, 114 cyaniventris cyaniventris, 114 dispar auratus, 113 dispar caecilii, 114 dispar vantynei, 113 dispar xanthops, 113 erythropthalmos erythropthalmos, 117 eutilotus, 116 finlaysoni, 116 finlaysoni eous, 116 finlaysoni finlaysoni, 116 fiavescens vividus, 116 goiavier jambu, 117 goiavier personatus, 117 jocosus emeria, 115 jocosus pattani, 115 melanicterus auratus, 113 melanicterus caecilii, 114 melanicterus elbeli, 114 melanicterus johnsoni, 114 melanicterus negatus, 114 melanicterus vantynei, 113 melanicterus xanthops, 113 melanoleucos, 113 nigricans minor, 114 plumosus, 117 plumosus plumosus, 117 robinsoni, 117 simplex simplex, 117 squamatus weberi, 114 striatus paulus, 113 zeylanicus, 112 pyrhoptera, Muscicapa, 192 pyrhopterum, Philentoma pyrhopterum, 192 254 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus annamen-| Rhipidura—Continued sis, 70 erythrocephalus klossi, 70 oreskios uniformis, 70 pyrrhotis, Blythipicus pyrrhotis, 93 Picus, 93 Pyrrhula roseata, 219 querquedula, Anas, 12 querulivox, Sasia ochracea, 84 querulus, Cacomantis, 55 Cacomantis merulinus, 55 rafflesi, Prinia, 180 Prinia flaviventris, 180 Rallina eurizonoides amauroptera, 30 eurizonoides telmatophila, 30 fasciata, 29 telmatophila, 30 Rallus albiventer, 29 aquaticus indicus, 29 benghalensis, 32 fasciatus, 29 indicus, 29 paykullii, 30 pusillus, 30 striatus albiventer, 29 ramsayi, Actinodura, 154 Actinodura ramsayi, 154 Megalaema, 81 Megalaima franklinii, 81 rangoonensis, Dicrurus paradiseus, 126 Edolius, 126 rectirostris, Ardea, 5 Ardea cinerea, 5 recurvirostris, Esacus magnirostris, 42 Oedicnemus, 42 Reguloides mandelli, 173 Regulus inornatus, 173 reichenowi, Sasia ochradea, 84 religiosa, Gracula, 203 Gracula religiosa, 203 renauldi, Carpococcyx, 58 Rhamphococcyx curvirostris singularis, 58 rhinoceros, Buceros, 79 Buceros rhinoceros, 79 Rhinomyias olivacea olivacea, 182 umbratilis, 183 Rhinoplax vigil, 79 Rhipidura albicollis atrata, 192 albicollis celsa, 192 atrata, 192 aureola burmanica, 192 hypoxantha, 192 javanica longicauda, 193 longicauda, 193 perlata, 192 Rhizothera longirostris longirostris, 23 rhodolaema, Anthreptes, 204 Anthreptes rhodolaema, 204 Rhopodytes tristis saliens, 58 Rhyacornis fuliginosus tenuirostris, 163 Rhyticeros leucocephalus corrugatus, 78 plicatus subruficollis, 78 undulatus ticehursti, 78 undulatus undulatus, 78 richardi, Anthus, 197 Anthus novae-seelandiae, 197 ricketti, Cryptolopha, 175 Phylloscopus ricketti, 175 Pteruthius flaviscapis, 153 Pterythius, 153 rileyi, Myophonus caeruleus, 166 Riparia paludicola chinensis, 100 riparia ijimae, 100 ripleyi, Pitta guajana, 99 Pitta irena, 99 ripponi, Liocichla, 152 Pericrocotus ethologus, 108 Pericrocotus solaris, 108 Pomatorhinus, 139 Trochalopterum, 152 robinsoni, Collocalia lowi, 66 Gecinulus grantia, 90 Gecinulus viridis, 90 Pycnonotus, 117 robusta, Arachnothera, 209 Arachnothera robusta, 209 rodolphei, Stachyris, 143 rogersi, Collocalia brevirostris, 67 Yuhina flavicollis, 155 Rollulus rouloul, 25 roseata, Pyrrhula, 219 roseatus, Carpodacus erythrinus, 219 roseus, Pericrocotus roseus, 107 Rostratula benghalensis benghalensis, 32 rostratum, Trichastoma, 137 Trichastoma rostratum, 137 rothschildi, Hemichelidon sibirica, 185 Muscicapa sibirica, 183 rouloul, Rollulus, 25 Rouloul, subg., 25 rubiginosus, Blythipicus rubiginosus, 93 Hemicircus, 93 INDEX rubro-limbatus, Pericrocotus, 108 Pericrocotus solaris, 108 rubropygium, Dicaeum trigonostigma, 212 rufa, Lophura ignita, 26 rufescens, Glaucidium cuculoides, 62 rufescentior, Malacocincla abbotti, 138 rufficapillus, Enicurus, 163 ruficeps, Edela, 178 ruficeps, Orthotomus ruficeps, 178 ruficollis, Calidris, 40 Pernis, 15 Pernis ptilorhyncus, 15 Trynga, 40 rufidorsa, Ceyx, 72 rufidorsus, Ceyx rufidorsus, 72 rufifrons, Stachyris, 143 Stachyris rufifrons, 143 rufilata, Hemichelidon, 184 Muscicapa, 184 rufilatus, Nemura, 161 Tarsiger cyanurus, 161 rufulus, Anthus, 197 Anthus novae-seelandiae, 197 rufus, Phasianus, 26 rupicola, Muscicapa, 175 rusticola, Scolopax, 40 Scolopax rusticola, 40 rutila, Emberiza, 219 sababensis, Terpsiphone, 193 sacerdos, Pericrocotus cinnamomeus, 107 Pericrocotus peregrinus, 107 sacra, Ardea, 7 Egretta sacra, 7 sagittatus, Ephialtes, 60 Otus, 60 sakaiorum, Abrornis, 171 Abroscopus superciliaris, 171 sakeratensis, Crypsirina vagabunda, 130 Dendrocitta rufa, 130 salangensis, Dicrurus leucogenys, 124 Dicrurus leucophaeus, 124 salanger, Criniger, 119 Salicaria turdina orientalis, 176 saliens, Phaenicophaeus tristis, 58 Rhopodytes tristis, 58 saraburiensis, Macronous gularis, 146 Macronus gularis, 146 Sarkidiornis melanotos, 13 Saroglossa spilopterus, 200 255 Sasia abnormis abnormis, 34 ochracea hasbroucki, 84 ochracea querulivox, 84 ochracea reichenowi, 84 saturata, Coracina melaschista, 105 Heterophasia annectens, 158 Leioptila, 158 Upupa epops, 76 Volvocivora, 105 saturatior, Crypsirina vagabunda, 130 Denrocitta vagabunda, 130 Sitta frontalis, 134 Sylviparus, 133 Sylviparus modestus, 133 Tchitrea affinis, 194 Terpsiphone paradisi, 194 saturatus, Cuculus, 55 Cuculus saturatus, 55 saularis, Copsychus saularis, 161 Gracula, 161 saundersi, Sterna, 45 Sterna albifrons, 45 Saxicola caprata burmanica, 164 ferrea, 165 olivea, 181 torquata maura, 164 torquata yunnanensis, 164 Seaeorhynchus gularis transfluvialis, 159 schach, Lanius, 200 schaferi, Charadrius mongolus, 35 schauenseei, Garrulax monilegerus, 149 Garrulax moniliger, 149 Pteruthius flaviscapis, 153 Pyecnonotus aurigaster, 115 Pycnonotus cafer, 115 schistaceus, Enicurus, 163 Garrulax erythrocephalus, 151 Motacilla, 163 Schoeniparus rufigularis major, 156 rufogularis khmerensis, 156 schomburgki, Lanius nigriceps, 200 schwarzi, Phylloscopus, 172 Sylvia, 172 Scolopax cinerea, 38 erythropus, 36 falcinellus, 41 gallinago, 39 lapponica, 36 minima, 40 phaeopus, 35 rusticola, 40 256 Scolopax—Continued rusticola rusticola, 40 stenura, 39 totanus, 36 Scops lettia, 61 stictonotus, 60 scutulata, Anas, 13 Cairina, 13 Ninox scutulata, 63 Strix, 63 seheriae, Aethopyga siparaja, 207 Necterinia, 207 Seicercus burkii distinctus, 170 burkii tephrocephalus, 170 castaniceps collinsi, 170 castaniceps youngi, 170 poliogenys, 170 seimundi Sphenocercus, 46 Treron seimundi, 46 selo-puto, Strix, 63 Strix selo-puto, 63 semipalmatus, Macrorhamphus, 39 Pseudoscolopax, 39 semiruber, Pericrocotus flammeus, 109 Pericrocotus speciosus, 109 separabile, Dicaeum agile, 211 separatus, Pericrocotus cinnamomeus, 107 Pericrocotus peregrinus, 107 septentrionalis, Chloropsis ecyanopogon, 110 Prionochilus maculatus, 210 sepulcralis, Cacomantis variolosus, 56 Cuculus, 56 Serilophus lunatus aphobus, 96 lunatus lunatus, 96 lunatus stolidus, 96 seri-thai, Chloropsis 112 severus, Falco, 22 Falco severus, 22 shanensis, Bradypterus thoracicus, 182 Certhia discolor, 134 Tribura thoracica, 182 sharpei, Garrulax milnei, 152 Trochalopterum, 152 sharpii, Grus, 29 Grus antigone, 29 siamense, Dicaeum cruentatum, 212 siamensis, Acridotheres, 202 Alseonax, 184 Coracina novaehollandiae, 106 Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos, 95 cochinchinensis, U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 siamensis—Continued Graucalus macei, 106 Lanius hypoleucus, 199 Muscicapa latirostris. 184 Otus luciae, 60 Otus spilocephalus, 60 Palaeornis eupatria, 52 Psittacula eupatria, 52 Sitta auto-sitta, 134 Zosterops, 214 Zosterops palpebrosa, 214 Sibia melanoleuca, 158 picaoides cana, 158 sibirica, Limicola, 41 Limicola falcinellus, 41 Muscicapa, 183 Muscicapa sibirica, 183 Zoothera sibirica, 167 sibiricus, Turdus, 167 sikkimensis, Irena puella, 128 simplex, Anthreptes, 203 Nectarinia, 203 Picnonotus, 117 Pycnonotus simplex, 117 Zosterops, 214 Zosterops japonica, 214 simulator, Hypsipetes propinquus, 120 Microscelis charlottae, 117 sinense, Chrysomma sinense, 148 sinensis, Anthus novae-seelandiae, 197 Ardea, 8 Corydalla, 197 Dendrocitta, 130 Haringtonia perniger, 122 Hypsipetes madagascariensis, 122 Ixobrychus, 8 Lonchura malacea, 218 Monticola rufiventris, 165 Munia, 218 Oriolus, 201 Parus, 148 Pelecanus, 4 Phalacrocorax carbo, 4 Sterna, 45 Sterna albifrons, 45 Sturnus, 201 singularis, Phaenicophaeus curvirostris, 58 Rhamphococcyx curvirostris, 58 siparaja, Aethopyga siparaja, 208 Certhia, 208 INDEX Siphia hodgsonii, 186 strophiata, 185 strophiata asema, 185 sumatrensis, 191 Sitta auto-sitta siamensis, 134 castanea tonkinensis, 133 europaea delacouri, 133 europaea neglecta, 134 europaea tonkinensis, 133 frontalis, 134 frontalis frontalis, 134 frontalis saturatior, 134 magna, 134 magna magna, 154 neglecta, 154 Siva castanicauda, 154 sordida, 154 sordidior, 154 torqueola, 155 wingatei, 154 smithi, Niltava, 188 Pellorneum, 136 Pellorneum ruficeps, 136 Timalia pileata, 147 socia, Oreocincla dauma, 168 Zoothera dauma, 168 soloensis, Accipiter, 16 Falco, 16 sonneratii, Cacomantis sonneratii, 55 Cuculus, 55 sordida, Arachnothera longirostra, 208 Arachnothera longirostris, 208 Cyanoderma erythropterum, 146 Herpornis xantholeuca, 155 Minla cyanouroptera, 154 Siva, 154 Yuhina zantholeuca, 155 sordidior, Minla cyanouroptera, 154 Siva, 154 sordidus, Criniger, 119 Criniger ochraceus, 119 Dendrocopus, 93 Hemicircus concretus, 93 soror, Pitta, 97 Pitta soror, 97 spadicea, Coturnix, 26 spadiceus, Gallus gallus, 26 spadix, Stachyris nigriceps, 144 sparverioides, Cuculus, 54 Cuculus sparverioides, 54 speciosa, Ardea, 6 Ardeola ralloides, 6 257 Sphenocercus pseudo-crocopus, 48 seimundi, 46 sphenura, Treron sphenura, 46 Vinago, 46 Sphenurus seboldi murielae, 47 spilonotus, Circus, 20 Circus aeruginosus, 20 spilopterus, Lamprotornis, 200 Saroglossa, 200 Spilornis cheela burmanicus, 20 cheela floweri, 21 cheela malayensis, 21 Spizaetus alboniger, 18 cirrhatus limnaeetus, 17 nanus, 18 nanus nanus, 18 nipalensis nipalensis, 18 Spizixos canifrons ingrami, 112 squameiceps, Cettia, 181 Tribura, 181 squamigularis, Micropternus brachyu- rus 85 Picus, 85 squatarola, Charadrius, 33 Tringa, 33 Stachyridopsis sulphurea, 146 Stachyris ambigua adjuncta, 143 chrysaea assimilis, 144 chrysaea aurata, 144 chrysaea chrysops, 144 chrysops, 144 davisoni, 144 erythroptera erythroptera, 146 leucotis leucotis, 145 maculata maculata, 145 nigriceps davisoni, 144 nigriceps dipora, 144 nigriceps spadix, 144 nigriceps yunnanensis, 144 nigricollis, 146 poliocephala, 145 rodolphei, 143 rufifrons, 143 rufifrons adjuncta, 143 rufifrons obscura, 143 rufifrons rufifrons, 143 striolata guttata, 145 striolata helenae, 145 striolata nigrescentior, 145 Stactocicha, subg., 151 stagnatilis, Totanus, 37 Tringa, 37 258 stanfordi, Hirundo daurica, 102 Hirundo striolata, 102 stellae, Anthreptes singalensis, 204 Harpactes oreskios, 70 stellaris, Ardea, 9 Botaurus stellaris, 9 stellatus, Batrachostomus, 64 stenura, Capella, 39 Scolopax, 39 Stercorarius pomarinus, 43 Sterna acuticauda, 45 albifrons saundersi, 45 albifrons sinensis, 45 anaethetus, 45 anaethetus anaethetus, 45 aurantia, 44 bergii cristata, 45 bergii velox, 45 caspia, 44 cristata, 45 dougallii bangsi, 44 fuscata nubilosa, 45 hirundo tibetana, 44 javanica, 43 leucoptera, 43 nilotica, 44 nubilosa, 45 pileata, 46 saundersi, 45 sinensis, 45 sumatrana, 44 sumatrana sumatrana, 44 tibetana, 44 velox, 45 zimmermanni, 46 stertens, Tyto alba, 59 stictonotus, Otus scops, 60 Scops, 60 stolidus, Serilophus lunatus, 96 stonei, Myiophoneus, 166 Strachyrhis assimilis, 144 strepitans, Garrulax, 150 Garrulax strepitans, 150 Streptopelia chinensis tigrina, 51 chinensis vacillans, 51 orientalis agricola, 51 orientalis lhasae, 50 tranquebarica humilis, 51 stresemanni, Hypsipetes madagascari- ensis, 122 Microscelis leucocephalus, 122 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 striata, Columba, 51 Geopelia striata, 51 Graminicola, 177 Graminicola bengalensis, 177 Kenopia, 141 Lalage nigra, 106 Timalia, 141 Yuhina castaniceps, 154 striatus, Ixulus, 154 striga, Ceblepyris, 106 strigatus, Aplonis panayensis, 200 Turdus, 200 Strix badia, 60 flammea, 64 leptogrammica laotiana, 63 leptogrammica maingayi, 64 leschenault, 61 newarensis laotianus, 63 scutulata, 63 selo-puto, 63 selo-puto selo-puto, 63 strophiata, Muscicapa strophiata, 185 Siphia, 185 stuarti, Garrulax monilegerus, 148 Garrulax moniliger, 148 Megalaima australis, 82 Mesobucco duvauceli, 82 Sturnia incognita, 202 nemoricola, 201 sturnina, Gracula, 201 sturninus, Sturnus, 201 Sturnopastor floweri, 201 Sturnus burmannicus leucocephalus, 202 contra floweri 201 javanicus grandis, 202 mahrattensis torquatus, 202 malabaricus nemoricola, 201 nigricollis, 201 sinensis, 201 sturninus, 201 tristis tristis, 202 zeylanicus, 112 subaffinis, Phylloscopus, 172 Phylloscopus subaffinis, 172 subconnectens, Garrulax erythrocepha- lus, 151 subfureatus, Apus affinis, 68 Cypselus, 68 subfusa, Garrulax pectoralis, 149 subfusus, Garrulax pectoralis, 149 subminuta, Calidris, 41 Tringa, 41 San pe -e SEe a> INDEX submoniliger, Anthipes, 186 Muscicapa solitaris, 186 subochraceum, Pellorneum, 136 Pellorneum ruficeps, 136 subruficollis, Buceros, 78 Rhyticeros plicatus, 78 subsessor, Mirafra assamica, 99 subsquamicollis, Lonchura striata, 217 Uroloncha striata, 217 substriolata, Lillia, 101 subviridis, Parus, 132 Parus xanthogenys, 132 suchitrae, Pericrocotus flammeus, 109 Sula leucogaster plotus, 3 sulphurea, Gerygone, 171 Gerygone fusca, 171 Stachyridopsis, 146 sulphureus, Macronous gularis, 146 sultanea, Melanochlora sultanea, 133 sultaneus, Parus, 133 sumatrana, Ardea, 5 Sterna, 44 Sterna sumatrana, 44 sumatranus, Bubo sumatranus, 61 Coracias, 95 Corydon sumatranus, 95 Cuculus, 57 Harpactes diardii, 69 Phaenocophaeus sumatranus, 57 sumatrensis, Ceblepyris, 106 Coracina striata, 106 Muscicapa tickelliae, 191 Siphia, 191 superciliaris, Abrornis, 171 Abroscopus superciliaris, 171 superciliosus, Lanius, 199 Lanius cristatus, 199 Surniculus lugubris barussarum, 57 lugubris dicruroides, 57 Suthora feae, 159 thompsoni, 159 Suya crinigera, 180 crinigera cooki, 180 erythropleura, 180 svecica, Motacilla, 161 svecicus, Erithacus svecicus, 161 syama, Aviceda leuphotes, 14 Baza, 14 sylvatica, Columba, 49 Ducula aenea, 49 Sylvia lanceolata, 176 schwarzi, 172 259 Sylviparus modestus saturatior, 133 saturatior, 133 Syrmaticus humiae burmannicus, 27 Syrnium maingayi, 64 Tadorna ferruginea, 11 tahanensis, Leiothrix argentauris, 152 Mesia argentauris, 152 Zosterops, 215 Zosterops everetti, 215 taivana, Budytes, 196 Motacilla flava, 196 Tantalus melanocephalus, 10 variegatus, 35 tardinata, Malacocincla sepiaria, 137 tardinatum, Trichastoma sepiarium, 137 Tarsiger cyanurus rufilatus, 161 cyanurus ussuriensis, 161 Tchitrea affinis indochinensis, 194 affinis saturatior, 194 tectirostris, Bhringa, 125 Dicrurus remifer, 125 telmatophila, Rallina, 30 Rallina eurizonoides, 30 temia, Crypsirina, 131 temminckii, Aethopyga mystacalis, 208 Calidris, 40 Myophonus, 166 Myophonus caeruleus, 166 Nectarinia, 208 Temminckii, Tringa, 40 templorum, Parus major, 132 tenebrosus, Dendrocopos cathpharius, 91 Dryobates cathpharius, 91 tenellipes, Phylloscopus, 174 tenuirostris, Calidris, 40 Chimarrornis fuliginosa, 163 Cuculus, 56 Gyps, 20 Gyps indicus, 20 Oriolus, 127 Oriolus tenuirostris, 127 Polyphasia, 55 Rhyacornis fuliginosus, 163 Totanus, 40 tephrocephalus, Culicipeta, 170 Seicercus burkii, 170 Tephrodornis gularis jugans, 104 gularis mekongensis, 104 pelvica annectens, 104 pelvica fretensis, 104 pelvicus verneyi, 104 pondicerianus pondicerianus, 103 260 Tephrodornis—Continued pondicerianus thai, 103 virgatus annectens, 104 virgatus fretensis, 104 virgatus jugans, 104 virgatus mekongensis, 104 virgatus vernayi, 104 tephrogenys, Criniger bres, 119 Trichophorus, 119 tephronotus, Collurio, 199 Lanius, 199 Terpsiphone atrocaudata atrocaudata, 193 paradisi incei, 194 paradisi indochinensis, 194 paradisi saturatior, 194 sababensis, 193 Tesia olivea, 181 Tetrao chinensis, 23 thai, Dicrurus adsimilis, 123 Dicrurus macrocercus, 123 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus, 107 Pericrocotus peregrinus, 107 Tephrodornis pondicerianus, 103 Turnix suscitator, 28 thaiacous, Oriolus luteolus, 127 thais, Molpastes aurigaster, 115 Orthotomus cuculatus, 179 Phyllergates cucullatus, 179 Pycnonotus aurigaster, 115 thalassina, Hypothymis, 184 Muscicapa, 184 Muscicapa thalassina, 184 thalassoides, Glaucomyias, 184 Muscicapa thalassina, 184 Thereiceryx flavostrictus praetermissus, 80 theresiae, Coracias affinis, 75 thompsoni, Cerasophila, 123 Hypsipetes, 123 Paradoxornis davidianus, 159 Suthora, 159 thoracica, Dumeticola, 182 thoracicus, Bradypterus thoracicus, 182 Pardalotus, 210 Prionochilus, 210 threnodes, Cacomantis, 56 Cacomantis merulinus, 56 Threskiornis melanocephalus, 10 tibetana, Sterna, 44 sterna hirundo, 44 ticehursti, Bradypterus luteoventris, 182 Rhyticeros undulatus, 78 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 tickelli, Arboricola, 23 Arborophila rufogularis, 23 Buceros, 77 Hypsipetes meclellandii, 121 Hypsipetes, 121 Pellornium, 137 Pomatorhinus, 140 Pomatorhinus hypoleucos, 140 Ptilolaemus tickelli, 77 Trichastoma tickelli, 137 Tiga, subg., 89 tigrina, Columba, 51 Streptopelia chinensis, 51 tigrinus, Lanius, 199 Timalia erythroptera, 146 jerdoni, 148 maculata, 145 nigricollis, 146 pileata dictator, 148 pileata intermedia, 148 pileata jerdoni, 148 pileata patriciae, 148 pileata smithi, 147 poliocephala, 145 striata, 141 tinnunculus, Falco, 22 Falco tinnunculus, 22 toklao, Megalurus palustris, 177 Turdus, 177 tonkinensis, Sitta castanea, 133 Sitta europaea, 133 topela, Lonchura punctulata, 217 Munia, 217 Torgus calvus, 19 Toria nipalensis, 47 torquata, Pernis, 15 torquatus, Acridotheres, 202 Gampsorhynchus, 153 Gampsorhynchus rufulus, 153 Pernis ptilorhyncus, 15 Sturnus mahrattensis, 202 torqueola, Siva, 155 Yuhina castaniceps, 155 totanus, Scolopax, 36 Tringa totanus, 36 Totanus brevipes, 38 guttifer, 37 stagnatilis, 37 tenuirostris, 40 traillii, Oriolus traillii, 128 Pastor, 128 INDEX trangensis, Aethopyga siparaja, 208 Cyanops franklini, 81 Megalaima franklinii, 81 transfluvialis, Paradoxornis gularis, 159 Scaeorhynchus gularis, 159 Treron apicauda, 46 apicauda apicauda, 46 bicincta bicineta, 48 bisincta praetermissa, 48 capellei magnirostris, 48 curvirostra chaseni, 47 curvirostra nipalensis, 47 fulvicollis fulvicollis, 47 griseicapilla, 48 magnirostris, 48 olax, 47 phoenicoptera annamensis, 49 phoenicoptera pseudo-crocopus, 48 phoenicoptera viridifrons, 48 pompadora phayrei, 47 seimundi seimundi, 46 sieboldii murielae, 47 sphenura sphenura, 46 vernans griseicapilla, 48 viridifrons, 48 Tribura idonea, 182 squameiceps, 181 thoracica shanensis, 182 Trichastoma abbotti abbotti, 138 abbotti obscurius, 138 abbotti olivaceum, 138 abbotti williamsoni, 138 affine, 139 bicolor, 137 malaccense malaccense, 137 rostratum, 137 rostratum rostratum, 137 sepiarium tardinatum, 137 tickelli fulvum, 137 tickelli tickelli, 137 Trichixos, subg., 119 Trichometopus brevirostris, 126 Trichophorus tephrogenys, 119 Trichostoma umbratile, 183 tricolor, Lanius, 200 Lanius nasutus, 200 trigonostigma, Dicaeum trigonostigma, 212 Tringa canutus, 40 chirurgus, 32 erythropus, 36 ferrugineus, 41 glareola, 37 261 Tringa—Continued guttifer, 37 hypoleucos, 38 interpres, 38 nebularia, 37 ocrophus, 37 pugnax, 41 squatarola, 33 stagnatilis, 37 subminuta, 41 temminckii, 40 totanus eurhina, 36 totanus totanus, 36 Tripsurus auritus, 93 tristis, Paradisea, 202 Sturnus tristis, 202 Trochalopteron phoeniceum bakeri, 148 Trochalopterum meridionale, 149 peninsulae, 150, 151 ripponi, 152 sharpei, 152 trochiloides, Acanthiza, 174 Phylloscopus trochiloides, 174 Trogon duvaucelii, 70 erythrocephalus, 70 Tropicoperdix chloropus, 24 Trynga ruficollis, 40 tschebaiewi, Calliope, 160 Erithacus pectoralis, 160 tukki, Meiglyptes tukki, 90 Picus, 90 Turdinulus davisoni, 142 granti, 142 Turdinus brevicaudatus, 142 crispifrons, 141 guttatus, 145 macrodactylus bakeri, 141 Turdus boulboul yaoschanensis, 169 dauma, 168 dissimilis, 169 dissimilis dissimilis, 169 interpres, 167 moluccensis, 98 obscurus, 169 obscurus obscurus, 169 philippensis, 166 sibiricus, 167 strigatus, 200 toklao, 177 varius. 168 262 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 226 Turnix blanfordii, 28 suscitator atrogularis, 28 suscitator blakistoni, 28 suscitator interrumpens, 28 suscitator thai, 28 sylvatica mikado, 28 tanki blanfordii, 28 Turtur lhasae, 50 tusalia, Columba, 50 Macropygia unchall, 50 tyrannulus, Herpornis, 155 Yuhina zantholeuca, 155 tytleri, Hirundo, 101 Hirundo rustica, 101 Tyto alba stertens, 59 ubonense, Pellorneum ruficeps, 135 umbratile, Trichostoma, 183 umbratilis, Rhinomyias, 183 undulatus, Buceros, 76 Rhyticeros undulatus, 78 unicolor, Cyornis, 189 Muscicapa unicolor, 189 uniformis, Harpactes oreskios, 70 Pyrotrogon oreskios, 70 Upupa epops longirostris, 76 epops saturata, 76 longirostris, 76 Uroloncha acuticauda lepidota, 217 striata subsquamicollis, 217 Urosphena laurentei, 181 ussuriensis, Tarsiger cyanurus, 161 vacillans, Streptopelia chinensis, 51 vagans, Cuculus, 54 vandepolli, Pachycephala, 194 Pachycephala cinerea, 194 Vanellus cinereus, 33 duvaucelii, 33 indicus atronuchalis, 33 vantynei, Pycnonotus dispar, 113 Pycnonotus melanicterus, 113 varia, Zoothera dauma, 168 variegatus, Numenius phaeopus, 35 Tantalus, 35 varius, Cuculus, 54 Turdus, 168 velox, Sterna, 45 Sterna bergii, 45 vernalis, Loriculus vernalis, 53 Psittacus, 53 vernayi, Hirundo daurica, 102 Tephrodornis virgatus, 104 verneyi, Tephrodornis pelvicus, 104 verreauxii, Alcedo, 71 Alcedo meninting, 71 vicina, Zosterops palpebrosa, 214 vigil, Buceros, 79 Rhinoplax, 79 Vinago bicincta, 48 sphenura, 46 vindhiana, Aquila, 18 Aquila rapax, 18 virens, Bucco, 80 Megalaima virens, 80 viridanus, Picus, 86 Picus vittatus, 86 viridescens, Hypsipetes viridescens, 120 Tole, 120 viridifrons, Treron, 48 Treron phoenicoptera, 48 viridis, Caloptomena, 97 Caloptomena viridis, 97 Cochoa, 164 Gecinulus, 89 Gecinulus grantia, 89 Merops, 75 Merops viridis, 75 Porphyrio, 31 Porphyrio viridis, 31 viridissima, Aegithina viridissima, 109 Jora, 109 vivida, Xanthiscus flavescens, 116 vividus, Perecrocotus peregrinus, 107 Pericrocotus cinnamomeus, 107 Pycnonotus flavescens, 116 vociferus, Elanus coeruleus, 13 Falco, 13 Volvocivora intermedia, 105 melaschistos, 105 neglecta, 105 saturata, 105 Vultur bengalensis, 20 calvus, 19 webberi, Ixidia, 114 weberi, Gecinus, 86 Picus vittatus, 86 Pycnonotus squamatus, 114 westermani, Muscicapa westermani, 187 westermanni, Muscicapula, 187 wetmorei, Zosterops atricapilla, 215 Zosterops everetti, 215 whitei, Cyornis, 190 Muscicapa banyumas, 190 williaminae, Niltava, 188 INDEX 263 williamsoni, Malacocincla abbotti, 138 | yuannanensis—Continued Micropternus brachyurus, 85 Mirafra cantillans, 100 Mirafra javanica, 100 Muscicapa, 184 Ploceus manyar, 216 Trichastoma abbotti, 138 Zosterops palpebrosa, 214 wingatei, Minla cyanouroptera, 154 Siva, 154 wrayi, Brachypteryx, 160 Brachypteryx leucophrys, 160 Xanthiscus flavescens vivida, 116 xanthops, Pycnonotus dispar, 113 Pyecnonotus melanicterus, 113 xanthopygius, Chrysocolaptes, 94 Chrysocolaptes validus, 94 xanthonotus, Oriolus, 127 Oriolus xanthonotus, 127 xanthornus, Coracias, 127 Oriolus xanthornus, 127 Xenorhynchus asiaticus, 10 Xenus cinereus, 38 yaoschanensis, Turdus boulboul, 169 youngi, Cryptolopha, 170 Seicercus castaniceps, 170 Yuhina castaniceps striata, 154 castaniceps torqueola, 155 flavicollis rogersi, 155 zantholeuca canescens, 155 zantholeuca interposita, 156 zantholeuca sordida, 155 zantholeuca tyrannulus, 155 zantholeuca zantholeuca, 155 yunnanensis, Anthus hodgsoni, 197 Anthus maculatus, 197 Pratincola torquata, 164 Saxicola torquata, 164 Stachyris nigriceps, 144 Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus, 58 zantholeuca, Erpornis, 155 Yuhina zantholeuca, 155 zanthopygia, Muscicapa, 185 zeylanicus, Pycnonotus, 112 Sturnus, 112 zimmermanni, Sterna, 46 Zoothera citrina gibson-hilli, 168 citrina innotata, 167 dixoni, 178 dauma affinis, 169 dauma dauma, 168 dauma socia, 168 dauma varia, 168 interpres interpres, 167 marginata, 169 sibirica sibirica, 167 zosterops, Chloropsis, 111 Chloropsis sonnerati, 111 Zosterops atricapilla wetmorei, 215 aureiventer joannae, 214 auriventer, 214 erythropleura, 213 erythropleurus, 213 everetti tahanensis, 215 everetti wetmorei, 215 japonica simplex, 214 mesoxantha, 214 palpebrosa auriventer, 214 palpebrosa joannae, 214 palpebrosa siamensis, 214 palpebrosa vicina, 214 palpebrosa williamsoni, 214 siamensis, 214 simplex, 214 tahanensis, 215 mipnkno : ” ar pani aan tees ; + epi perhhloM lees wert as Vey ee pra ; . 206%" thd OE Eeinsancg yt avotoalyos in ree e i!? 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