mS leSh Seam ottiin.: r a i ’ 4 es ci - aru a oe i SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1905 ADVERTISEMENT. This work (Bulletin No. 54) is one of a series of papers intended to illustrate the collections belonging to or placed under the charge of the Smithsonian Institution and deposited in the United States National Museum. The publications of the National Museum consist of two series—the Bulletin and the Proceedings. The Bulletin, publication of which was commenced in 1875, is a series of elaborate papers issued separately and based for the most part upon collections in the National Museum. They are monographic in scope and are devoted principally to the discussion of large zoolog- ical. groups, bibliographies of eminent naturalists, reports of expedi- tions, ete. The bulletins, issued only as volumes with one exception, are of octavo size, although a quarto form, known as the Special Bulletin, has been adopted in a few instances in which a larger page was deemed indispensable. The Proceedings (octavo), the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium of publication for newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, descriptions of new forms of animals and plants, discussions of nomenclature, ‘ete. A volume of about 1,000 pages is issued annually for distribution to libraries, while a limited edition of each paper in the volume is printed and distributed in pamphlet form in advance. In addition, there are printed each year in the second volume of the Smithsonian Report (known as the Report of the U. 5. National Museum), papers, chiefly of an ethnological character, describing col- lections in the National Museum. Papers intended for publication by the National Museum are usually referred to an advisory committee, composed as follows: Frederick W. True (chairman), William H. Holmes, George P. Merrill, James E. Benedict, Otis T. Mason, Leonhard Stejneger, Lester F. Ward, and Marcus Benjamin (editor). S. P. LANGLEY, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Wasnineton, U.S. A., December 1, 1905. Il A MONOGRAPH ON THE ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA BY HARRIET RICHARDSON COLLABORATOR, DIVISION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1905 PREP ACE: After several years spent in the preparation of the present mono- graph, I now offer it to the scientific world, hoping it will meet with favorable consideration. Most of the work has been done in the United States National Museum, where an opportunity was afforded for carrying on the investigation through access to the rich collections and use of the library. The summer of 1904 was spent at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and occupying a table in the Marine Biological Laboratory through the courtesy of the Carnegie Institution, I con- tinued the studies which I had already begun in Washington. It will be noticed that but few changes have been made in the clas- sification. Ina group where there are so many good workers, I have been glad to follow and adapt to my use what has been already done so well, and keys and synopses of genera haye been freely introduced with references to those authors from which they have been taken. Although I am indebted to many friends for their kind assistance, my obligations to Dr. Theodore Gill are especially great, for it was at his suggestion that the work was undertaken, and under his judi- cious guidance and supervision it has grown to its present form. As is well known the natural habitat of the Isopods is in salt and fresh water, along the shore or in the interior of the country, usually in moist situations. They do, however, often occur in places most remote and unlooked for. Some haye been found in warm springs and in subterranean streams, in caves and grottoes, pumps and wells, and far from human habitation. The littoral forms are seen around wharf piles, under rocks and stones, on ledges and cliffs, where they are not easily captured, for they seek refuge, with surprising activity, among the cracks and crevices. The curious habitations sought for shelter and protection are the tubes of worms, the burrows of the crayfish, the nests of mollusks, and the nests of ants. Some live in siliceous sponges, others in coral- lines or among ascidians. The parasitic Isopods attack other crustacea as well as fishes. The parasites of fish are found on the skin, fins, gills, and in the mouths of their hosts, and have even been known to bore holes in the body back of the fins. One of these, Olencira pregustator, attacks the menhaden Vil VAI ae PREFACE. (Brevoortia tyrannus), in great numbers. In naming both species, the host and the parasite, Latrobe aptly and fancifully considered the case analagous to,that of the ancient chief of state (¢yrannus) and the taster (pregustator). The parasites of crustacea infest the shrimps and crabs or decapodous crustacea and the schizopods. When the parasite occupies the branchial cavity of the host, a large protuberance or swelling is apparent on whichever side the body is infested. The parasites are sometimes found in the visceral cavity or even in the incubatory pouch of their hosts. The destructive habits of some of the marine and fresh-water species to submerged timber, such as wharfs and bridges, have been hereto- fore recorded,” but not until recently has attention been called to the fact that even the terrestrial forms may give cause for alarm in the nature of pests. Several common and well-distributed species have been found menacing young cotton plants, sugar beets, mushrooms, and cucumber vines. The burrowing habits of some Isopods are interesting. Chilton says: of Scyphax ornatus and Actecia euchroa that they ‘are found on sandy beaches, either on the surface or burying themselves a little in the sand about high water mark or a little lower.” Hay, in recently observing the habits of Scyphacella arenicola, finds that it also burrows in the sand. The Serolide, according to Studer, ** live by preference on sandy ground, into which they burrow with their flat bodies up to the caudal plate.” Whitelegge speaks of the paguroid habits of certain Isopods, which ‘live in small univalve shells and in company with young hermit crabs.” Mimicry of external appearance and similarity of habitat is probably very useful in the struggle for existence. Many of the species found in North America also occur in other parts of the world. The terrestrial Isopods have a wide distribution as well as the parasites of fishes. The Arcturide form a rather restricted group. Benedict says of them, in explanation of this fact, that it is due to structure and habits. **The young are few in a brood and are cared for by the parent until well able to care for themselves, clinging to the mother’s antenne until ready to undertake a more independent existence, perhaps on the very object on which the mother is foraging for herself and brood. With habits of this kind the chances of a wide distribution for any one species must be very much less than is the case where free-swimming young are produced in large numbers.” Ihave not attempted to give here a general account of the mor- phology, as the reader is supposed to be familiar with the sources aSee Charles H. Snow, Marine Wood-Borers, Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers, XL, 1898, pp. 196-199, for notes in this connection. 1 PREFACE. Ix where such an account can be found. In another place“ a_ brief review of the Isopod structure has already been given. It has not been considered worth while to encumber the legends with detailed explanation of many of the figures that have been taken from other authorities; students, however, who desire to learn the signifi- cance of the lettering not given in the illustrations, are referred to the original papers. As a final suggestion I would like to say that my object in under- taking this work has been to assist the student in the determination of the forms by giving figures and descriptions of all the species. It is to be hoped, in case of omissions or errors, that leniency will be observed, for the task has not always been easy. Harriet RicHARDsON. WasuHineton City, Vovember 1, 1905. ~ POSTSCRIPT. Since this monograph has been printed, and within the last few days, Dr. H. J. Hansen’s paper on the Propagation, Structure, and Classification of the Sphzromide has been received.’ With a largé amount of material, a comparison of types from various museums all over the world, and a thorough examination of specimens, Doctor Han- sen has arrived at an excellent classification of this group, which has heretofore been in an extreme state of confusion and so recognized by all who have attempted to determine species or to refer them to their proper genera. In Doctor Hansen’s paper new genera have been estab- lished and some old ones canceled. The changes which particularly affect the present paper and which I have not been able to make use of in the text, inasmuch as Doctor Hansen’s paper was received too late, are as follows: The genus Casstdisca, new genus, must be can- celed as being a synonym of Hansen’s new genus Cassidinidea, Cili- ced caudata, C. gilliana, C. sculpta, and C. cordata must be referred to Hansen’s new genus Paracerceis. The following list shows these rela- tions more exactly: Cassidisca ovalis = Cassidinidea ovalis, Cassidisca - lunifrons = Cassidinidealunifrons,; Cilicea caudata = Paracercets cau- data; Cilicea gilliana = Paracerceis gilliana, Cilicea cordata = Para- cercets cordata, Cilicea sculpta = Paracerceis sculpta. While in New Haven last summer I examined the se¢ond pleopods of anumber of cotypes of Dynamene perforata and found that the males and females of this species were similar, with the exception that Deenmbanions to ce Naren. Hier of the mopeds oy Parse Ag eee Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. XX VII, 1904, pp. 4-17. > Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, XL IX, Pt. 1. 1905, new ser., pp. 69-135. (October number received here November 11.) x PREFACE. the endopod of the second pleopod in the male carried a stylet. The females had the transverse foramen, which constituted the proximal part of the abdominal notch, just as did the males. With this modifica- tion of Hansen’s genus Dynamenella, of which he makes Dynamene perforata the type, I can then refer to it the following species: Dyna- mene benedict, Dynamene glabra, and Dynamene moore. The follow- ing shows these relations more exactly: Dynamene perforata = Dyna- menella perforata; Dynamene benedicti = Dynamenella benedicti; Dynamene glabra = Dynamenella glabra; Dynamene mooret = Dyna- menella moore?. Inasmuch as only females are known of Dynamene angulata and Dynamene dilatata, it can not be stated positively agyhether they should be referred to Dynamenella or Paracercers. Doctor Hansen says that, judging from the aberrant shape of the antennule, 2. dlatata must probably be established as the type of a new genus. In regard to Cilicea linguicauda and Cilicea granulosa, Doctor Hansen says that the former is probably, the latter perhaps, a species of Cymodoce. Upon an examination of the pleopods subsequent to the printing of my paper and the publication of Doctor Hansen’s I find that these two species not only should not be referred to the genus Cymodoce, but not even to the section Cymodocini or to the group Spheromine hemibranchiate. Both branches of the fourth pair of pleopods are similar, fleshy, with transverse folds, without plumose sete, and the outer branch is not two-jointed. These two species, therefore, belong to the group Spheromine eubranchiate. In these species the exopod of the third pleopod has an articulation, and is therefore two-jointed. The character of the abdominal notch without paired denticles would seem to exclude them from the genus Paracerceis as restricted by Hansen. The character of the uropods, which are strongly altered, would exclude them from the genus Cer- ceis Milne Edwards. They can not be placed with //asiwellia Miers, because they lack the large, mesial process on the sixth thoracic seg- ment. It will be necessary to establish a new genus for these two species, for which I propose the name Dscerceis, C. granulosa being the type. Doctor Hansen does not mention C//icea carinata in his discussion of the species of this family. Upon examination, I find that the branches of the fourth pleopoda are similar, fleshy, crossed with trans- verse folds, the outer branch being unjointed. The outer branch of the third pleopod is also unjointed. Although the only specimen is a male, judging from the character of the uropods and their similarity to the males of other genera in this family, there is no stylet attached PREFACE. XI to the inner branch of the second pleopod, in this respect: being com- parable to Dynamene (Nesa) Leach and Ancinel/a Hansen. I there- fore make this species the type of a new genus Dynaimeniscus. Doctor Hansen says that Spheroma yucatanum has been established on females or young males of animals belonging to the genus Cymo- doce. 'The only specimen is a young female. Toward the end of his paper Doctor Hansen makes the statement that the species Zecticeps converus was established on the female form of Tecticeps alascensis, and therefore cancels the first-named species. As Doctor Hansen had seen only the two sexes of Zecticeps alascens/s and had not seen any specimens of Zecticeps convexus, this error was a natural one. Inasmuch as both sexes of both species are in the col- lection of the U. S. National Museum, it would be well to point out the sexual differences as perhaps I have not done sufliciently hereto- fore or even in the pages to follow. The females of both Zecticeps dlascensis and Tecticeps convexus differ from the males in having the second pair of legs ambulatory and similar in structure to those fol- lowing, while in the males the second pair of legs are subchelate. The female of Zecticeps alascensis has the exopod of the uropod not longer than the endopod, and thus differs from the male, which has the exo- pod longer than the endopod. In the species 7. convexrus, however, the exopod of the uropod is equal in length to the endopod in both sexes. The females of the two species are quite similar, both having the exopod of the uropod short, but they can easily be distinguished by the difference in the position of the eyes, the difference in the shape of the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment, and the difference in the length of the antenne. Male specimens are compared in the pages to follow, and the differences given in the key are from a com- parison of males. It is to be hoped that with these additional notes no difficulty will be found in distinguishing the two species, and that the validity of Zecticeps convexus, heretofore established, is correctly maintained. Hee: Wasnineton Crry, December 1, 1905. , == == ak oe ae 2 ' 4 i : zl j , 1 , : , J f » 4 oo 1 4 ‘ : \ 7 6 oe s r 7 * nf : i a ( ‘ ' ' r i 7 ae ’; al th 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. IRTEIACe 2 aco<<- Se ee cee er ene ears oie eee ee ee ok aes Seae VII Se rMaCOMILCI ta sere aCe ete nis Sone en Se eee ee ee NM AS oe Sa see XIII Berea eM Ra ONS ee seprioRess Ars. Aor eee Me SE ASN Co case XX V Siemans banoiotmea or Ohelitera] «arse. 425 soot ane toe ois P de oak 3 ats RAMA ce oe eet eee ees Relea Sen See 4 (Gemusmele re Aa COM See ga Se ese eee Ry she Ste. o oe oti 5 ANCOMMSECalitOLMeNns Sessa ee eet ame nee eeES 5 Genuseme MeN S eR ss oe es A eee ee eat nas etl Ve Mee no a 7 AP AMAIMORICAUURE Aen eters ee IA Ss le ne tes omens 7 CON OLIN ae ances bers er ees Sree ln ye hg 8 QUASGEMSIS yen ier Ses eee al ee NE a 10 TO [DUIS LUIS eae renee ee a ona a es oh RS te hp et 11 TL OMT AT eae et ees ee en eat ENG pee Ae 14 Cenusaons Ob VPLICO PCr asa als oa te ohets Case ee. Sete Le bode 16 Gry ptocope arctica sss... 2225. Pe ait ee tera cn TS 16 Genusmeemceniganathninc.0o- =. sete bl ieee oo eee a eptogmathiakes caprsn. sae ot ose eee og oo eee Shain 18 Om CURE NLS rae eee ener, Se ee yey eine 19 Gennes eterorpaigne ss sso. eo ee ee sean 21 Eleterotan alsin Cola tees. ssn ae aie ree ee eS 21 | TCH US OA UEDtOGMG lam mes seem cet we cars ROR NS Soe a ae Heptaene liar TOTrEs icy sa et ol ys es 23 | : SAVIO ys Mee eee Nps ee eee SL edn Se 26 | cull aS =-s are ee eee eek. 28 RAMON oe sae cfs Re ee ae cio oars Reise oS eerse 30 filmnics= eee ea ee San aonb athe tty ke ae 31 CTS RIN COLUMNS IMT eee cc ey el ee. oe AE re ea 32 Neon Ss amMenicamuster seem creme | oe a css sae 32 NASIOC ee cemee sent ache Sega (ign k eS PNG 35 Family II. Apseudide.............-- eS aey eeoe eeemeee eNE s 37 Geritine ous ApSeUG ess teen een eaten Sew Si ee 37 | APSCUGESLCSPINOSUS woe nyse a nee et ssh Ee 38 | eraciliss ss... ae See ae chs Be a NCL | Bee 40 tian culatisese sewer eee ee sce eee sets 43 PTOPENGUUSS eames ee ee et hd ot 45 Cr Carisimdag PATATISCUCEH coe ves ee wees Seer nnioes. I RE So ose 47 PARADISE UC es OOM SG psy sabre et eh Py, t fet Je SL 47 Genus pln ely pilaApseudesser tom See teme uate cree eet Ok 49 shy pl lapseudet mene tp maen cays Sato seeso cscs ie ews ce as 49 (GS eritenibe spl yEapinecees = See ee oe nee aoe Kk aoe de 51 SPimeaOs mM alcolug saa seer ese fee ek Ser 52 XIV Order II. Cymothoidea or Flabellifera Family II. Gnathiidee Genus 12. Gnathia Family IV. Anthuride Genus 13. Genus Genus Genus Genus Genus 18. Genus Genus : Genus Genus Genus : Genus 14. 15. 16. LG 20. CONTENTS. eloncatane-45-e 2.8 ee2 COLIN a se ee ee eee Gyathura::: 223 Soe eee Cyathura carinata’ 2225-25 252=— Piilanthura se se ee ee Anthelura abyssorum Colanthurae@e- 2-32-00 cee oe Colanthuratenuisie=3 5-22 s-s452 Family V. Cirolanide Genus 19. Cirolana Cirolana spheeromiformis - -..--- MOY ATS oe eee a linomiirons: 22.6 = 2 Chilton s22. sees eee TANT a ee oot ea iN PLeESSa rs. aoe ee polite. Astee es ee borealis 23 2s.22. 22855 oraciligs 3 eee ea obtruneata <2 =222ss2es2 hartordia > 35! eee parva L= ee eee gilbidaiees4 22 eer tees cubensis: ceases ee Conitlera: 22.2.2 ee eee Conilera cylindracea ----.-:---- SUV GIS esos eee . Crrolanides 5.22: -2-22=-- eee Cirolanides texensis....-.-.----- SsBUrydice.2<5235 4525 42 2 Seas Hurydice convexac 225. -ees- a caudatar:. 22522 se esese Spinigera +2252 =a ‘Branchuropus' =... 5-5-.-s222 4562 Branchuropus littoralis ...-...-- = DabhVRhOMUSS= S28 oe eee Bathynomus giganteus ----.----- t Colopisthus? = ss2ee eee ae Colopisthus parvyus.<-- 2... 2-2 ins. eee ee 56 58 59 62 63 DPD D> D> Dd OWS HD Ww el le) “Io Ot CO OO Os St ST SSS SSS enor Oo 87 90 91 92 95 97 99) 101 105 108 109 111 114 114 116 116 120 120 120 123 124 124 125 128 128 130 150 133 137 CONTENTS. Bamily Vil. Hxocorallamidce --2-5--2-------- antillensisy..2-—.- - Wel Dill ssc e eee eo eee ee AUSUStALAee see aoe 28589—05——11 Order II. Cymothoidea or Flabellifera—Continued. Gensezoeb xOconalllanavese = see ese shee == Exocorallana tricornis...-.-.--- mexicana.......- sexticornis: ..-.-- quadricornis . .-. - GRU Catan See ae | SUbtIIS= 525 | fissicauda...---.-- Ocul ata eee Warmineiilsssee= = amily Valles Corallanidie =.= si s)o2 2 )i--,crans ers (GeMUIseo ee AU CIRO M2 ere eeyeets emer sees eae a | Aleirona KTebsilea-asen ee eee IRS Uae eee er or Genusecebridentelllaystae ee isssee aes Tridentella virginiana .-....--.- Genusi Oe Nalicordacsaens tees eee eae INaIicOTa rap akeae ao alse eee amiubyeay Ul.) Aipidie 2222 ttt ote ete Gems Ohne Ait ale fe Se scree cece a Zi OEY OSIO) Ce pene te ea antiullensisiss te eees eee sere ecaninaiadaes ose eee ee crenulataessace cole COME see asec ae TEMULpPe sa oho aoe Se dentatassae es eee LNCLSA aes eee oe ee ALCtICARS oS Eee ec aetae ae TACHIPCS* ae eee eer ByMMetIGa. == -<.25- 554 VentrOSa. = aes so see eee microphthalma -----.----- GenusislevOcinelapey=s sae sass = eee eee Rocmelaoculataves ss ses see COMMU 2 eo ee eee NN SULA Seer tee eee Gumerilipsseee eee oe CUDENSISSeemeee croeoe MAC AA ee eee belliceps2--cs-2- 522-2 AMELICANA, ease ese propodialis: S225. 2. . Laticacdapeeeeeme eee tuiberculosaes=-2 a5. - SOMME Soooseeobasoe STICI ees eee ease oe Genusio2ee SW SCCOUSt sneer m eee er = sera Syscenus Mex Sac. -t0.- esi XV Page. Eee nS Sake ae sates ao 138 See eee ees ee ae Se 144 Sn iano sis-ert i spotc 146 Nee aaa tac Sve isles one 148 Siege apa ee Sic aieicia.sy a oiciete-e 156 PR MPa ees oe nite etn 177 nes Ss als eee ee LSS See eae science aie = 199 Eee Aaa eee Rises 203 BEY OS, AORN eet ees aie rm 210 Be I a ein Nat ee atta 212 XVI CONTENTS. Order II. Cymothoidea or Flabellifera—Continued. Family EX. Cymothoidees 2:2 "=> ses eee GENUS Soe AL oot NO aie oe a ee ae ee Ajieathoa linguitrons_2 225-2 S225. Oculatal 2s 4s oaks eee MeGialisi: Season eee Genusid4Nerocilasttemnaa: seen eee Nerocila,acuminata 22222ess0se-22 californicay=2ee eee TUG Spa eee eee ee Genug 73d: sAn Crate pene eee eee oo a . Genus Genus 3 ~ ~ Olieneivae ht Soc oe ore ee Olenciraspregustatone--5-2—-eer= VOPAtO EM Oates ae ae eae ee ere she Ceratothoa impressa..........--- A Gens BS Wee Tt eae a eae eee ne Meinertia gaudichaudii...-....--- deplanatansn2ecneoneeee Cilibertl Aes ees eee LEAS VieiSAnsscceeae er ece,= Genus(3 OL eAcarn a a aoce steerer ote Agvarnarcarinataec mance cara s ee Genus 40> Indusa 238s ee ee eee lindusacarinatas-<2 <2 lac. acces Genus 46 Cy mothoas esters ssc e ee Cy mothoacexcisasta2 scone aes CRI GU a ee nee ae eee CATAUDICAl sass n= eee OCSUMMMNN Sc ao eee Genus: 425 bivone Cavs 2 ate ae eee TeivonecapaMmamensise 5 22 hata) eer een eee ViloaTrisiecse see ears ee eel re eS A Sheen ao as CANMOTMICE aa ees sence 2 ee let a ee nee ee Me Onna ANNA pee ee eee eee OValISS et eke eee Genus: 435 romac 2 ae sys ee ee ee Trona Mana Seem cee ane Bamiily/ 2X. bimmorit dee? Sse: Be ea ee se ene eee te) eee Genus, 44; Sbimmnoria 22 Sss2ectacoe ace mea Limnoria-lenorum sss. 32 eae Fanily XU Spheromide ss oeoae see ese Genusi4o.- AM ClNUS sees ae Sater ees es ree Ancmus: depressus- 2.22 --2a-: sss Genus'46: Cassidiscads2e ees soon See Cassidiscaslumiirons) 5: asses == OV alist. 533 s5s ee eee Genns47 Wecticeps=4e 5-4-3 eee eee Tecticeps alascensis --..-----.2.-- CONVEXUSS ssn ee See 234 236 237 240 241 245 245 244 246 246 247 248 250 202 254 256 207 258 260 261 263 265 265 268 268 269 270 271 oS) — bo bo os bo Sie eo end wo i) on bo 76 9-7 bo Co CONTENTS. XVII Order II. Cymothoidea or Flabellifera—Continued. Page. Family XI. Spheeromidse—Continued. GenusAS eS phenom asses ere mee see a ee oes sean esise ons. eee 280 Spheeroma quadridentatum: =< 22m- 26+ .2 5-5 Set also 281 GEStrUGlOrseeee ee ae ee AE 282 pentodon Pee eee ib ee as! 986 Genus OE OS cer Oates wee ore ee re eee see ne Sess ote 287 Exosphzeroma amplicauda ..-...---- BV BRINE eho ste 15 2 eye 288 eV OMbUNUMSsseeeee ee ae eee fee 290 VUCAbANUM Slt Se cro ee se eee oes cee saase 291 BESTA eer pe etre Ste ce Pace © RE eee ae ol 292 OCLOTI CUM ise ee min Ne eee see nee ee 293 thermophilumcecer tee Seek Se Se eee 294 MUD esate see Be cere Cee A he 295 OLECONCTSIS Se aeeere ee er OA eee 296 Crenulatumy se eet as See eS cae et 298 Genusio0seD ynam nectar eee yee eh mn ici ae Fe 8 299 Dynamenepenorala sea tce st. eace ts os woe oss ee tS 299 la Didas esse e arses eee wa eee Se eetre eae Se 301 CEVA DUES eee et et vee ay ee ee 302 TOOL ieee crepe Men nti pon eh Ayal ar ae 303 CL ABA A en aaa Pes Sirs ane ee RS ee 304 enediCtia=mess satemctoe see ot econ hae ec 304 Gennstoleebana dyna meses sat-o ras 2 Sees cine Nene Seah os ck eae ms 305 Paradynamene benjamensiss=s=ce- «2 aso see a 22 oes ass 305 remus Ooo ClliGrcaa na eee a ene er oe ee Se De ae eet aes 307 ullicecars ny’: tic acl Gl tessa ere aes ee PS ain seen 309 SLAM OAR meee eect eee SUS 309 CONC Abate ee aan ete I ea ar a Bestia oe SNe eo Sela 310 Sullinniaden sae ee aa hates Sees Wc 313 Cau atic taser ea ee te ele Ste 8 314 FSKOVDI O21 a at ee CA deg pe 318 GOT eee So marcos wipe tos ep ae hms s cece Ya 319 Hanmlive ssa serolides tos sce sce s= feck t ee ay ae aoe mes Be 320 PeHNS ao WOCLOlIBbese see Soo a2 Sees a EL ees See gS oes pe 320 SErolsicurinabaypes eps eee 512 Grapsiceponed wardsil.-=2502 5. cosecer set ose eee 513 Genus. 86: Munidion (2325-265 S50 gt oa as ase cee nae eeaee 517 Munidion parvumtys seed 2 - eos see eee renee ee 518 Genus'86., Cry ptlone, 745 isacce ac eee eee ae eee Sere 520 Cry ptione clongatas <.g2ha- oes oo ee ae oe eee 520 Genus '87. | Pseudioneé’s.. 5222 25242 2s see sbee eet eee eee eee 522 Pseudioneeiatdiss 20s =. a5 oo nat 5 Seer ee eee 523 calacanthrese 35 8 fs ee eee ee 527 PUTA bay oes SP teres rarer en eg ee 529 CULataeee8 ees etic aie eee ee eee 530 Genus.88;. Stegophryxus2-.2-. < ace en eee ee ee oe eee 531 Sterophryxus hy pilus se se cc see ee eee ee 532 Gents: 89. Stegias, ss 5- ae Sy te eet en ate Se oo ee ea 535 Stegias .clibanarit 2...asc eaten soe ae ee eee 53 qwenus 90. Bathyeyeesse a. ac nent eis Seem storie ers eae ere rereererts 537 Bathygyge-crandiss.2.320 eee eee eee eee 537 Genus 91, Phyllodurusiiss 252 2 eae ers Se he eres See 539 Phyllodurus:abdomiumalis:s- 2. 2-52 oss a ecient. esas eee 540 Genus 92: Aroela 2 Se ee ae Soeoee ay ee ee 544 Argeia pugettensis: 5...) ses Skene Se oases See eeee 544 pauperata...2- sczcn test seattle oe ee Ce eee 551 Genus 935% Rarare elacicnccsccas cole ao eee eee ee eee ee eee dd1 Parargeia.ommata 2.2.2.2 55-eo eee sig SNe oe cue 551 Genus'94; Probepyrtis< 2.22. ase eee eee 593 | Probopyrus pandalicola Os--2286.- ees cenet eine 5d4 floridensiss-22r-) Ses ae staan ose eee 590 = Bt sem, cf Be Order V. Bopyroidea or Epicaridea—Continued. CONTENTS. . Family XX. Bopyridee—Continued. Genus 94. Genus 95. Genus 96. Genus 97. Family XXI. Genus 98. Genus 99. Family XXII. Genus 101. Family XXIV. Genus 102. Family XXV. Genus 103. Genus 104. Genus 105. Genus 106. Genus 107. Genus 108. Probopyrus—Continued. Probopyrus bithynis -....-.-.--- alipherteeeae= soo a2 latreuticolas = s---— Op yNSCUSmeeeas sae se ae Bopyriscus:calmant -.. 2.412. = Bopp eens ah ae Ses ort ace Bopyrina abbreviata ......---- WITOCARIGIS See t7-5 ee Chon eer eee ese DOP WOM CS ase acts scree Bopyroides hippolytes. ------- - Daispnamcrsee acto erae se sche tists Dayusymysidiseeeet eset ose et Moloplrysusiaess: (22.2222. Holophryxus alascensis. .------ (Giyptomiscid senses e ees Genus, 100. Clypeoniscus:...-.-...:----=--- Clypeoniscus meinerti .------- Order VI. Oniscoidea Family XXIII. perconvexus.-....-- By problus, <= 2 ss52 = S25 Lyprobius pusillus .--..-.=-=- Symuropusees=s.2—- Sarees Synuropus granulatus ......-- OnISCUss ase tse ce oot eee OniscusasellUsmeceere eae =e OSC eas aceon a7 eae Philosctasnichmondis-- 452-252 culebrer cease a Wibtabamset sso brevicornis'----.--:- bermudensis- - - - - - -- SPINOsaseseos. sok Mionicanse eases soe CUMSUGUSe saela= eas pees ee Cylisticus Gonvexus.-.-.----.--- CVA avenen ae nes Ras create oe ED VOR ee treat ae se rr eS UV IOS UNIVeUS,. metas ores tes Lari essere eee a Billo Ic eet eee ee ene Hihelum poss = eee eee ae Ethelum modestum .....---.-- americanum .......- MEH EXUIe eee ne Oniserd se eee ee eres AULONISCUS) seo see eee oe ae eae Alloniscus mirabilis ...-.-.--- COLDS 255-20 eee XXI Page. ere 57 59 560 562 562 563 963 565 566 566 567 o72 eee Die Jt OU ~I ~ Jt Gu Or oS t 9 TN Ns OSI SN Ss otf 585 586 587 588 588 589 590 592 593 594 595 596 598 598 598 599 600 600 602 603 604 605" 606 607 608 608 609 609 XXII Order VI. Oniseoidea CONTENTS. Continued. Family X XV. Oniscidee—Continued. Genus 109. Genus 110. Genus 111. Genus 112. Genus 113. Genus 114. Genus 115. Family XX VI. Genus 116. Genus 117. Genus 118. Genus 119. Genus 120. Rorcellionsee se ace t eee Porcellio formosus =. 2222 sees [Sevis eee eee parvicOrMmiss=22242- 2 Tathixel 2223 sen ee Spinicornis;2 254s" scaber grenadensis........-- USCS esos cer tee pIsuIM S22 tae eee caliGrnicd scemeae 2 oe Pseudarmadillo- 2 225552. ese Pseudarmadillo gillianus. ----- doliitusiezes2-2 carinulatus .-- Sphzeroniscus portoricensis -- - cacahuamilpensis Haplarmadillo:.-....asseac-tect Haplarmadillo monocellatus Armadillidinm 2 22secseeanaee Armadillidium vulgare ....--- guadrifrons - - - Leptotrichusises-\20 sso ess Leptotrichus granulatus ------ Metoponorthus. . 2.2 322 7.5 eae ee eee eee Metoponorthus saussurelss. 5222552 2 Soe pose eee DPEUINOSUS 222 See ee Ae ae ae sexfasciatus.cu..cee Goris s see es VIN GAUSS Sa as ee ies ee ee IRD YSCOUUS's: oskts se eee Rhyscotus turetirong,. 5-22.25 eee Sales ere Fey pergma thus! as 422 Sess es ey ee Hy pergnathustexensis, 2. See Ss oe cee A CLODISCUSHA seme aeeeee ee ae Actoniscus ellipticus........-- ana Vallis 28 aoe as er ets ees ge A CAMTNONISCUS 32 oe eae ee Acanthoniscusispimiger aero tee eee ee eee Armadullididee. 5. s22544 2552 @ulbarl sees pees es Cubaris‘tenuipunctatas 5.2222 202. sete ae eae see GEWheSsaie = sas eee VitiCOla dd =e ese e Silvan 2 Aes ee perlate, 22222 eae aoe TMU Aree he cae ma Ginctake <5 Ha aee oe PIP ASE Sas ee eee ahs’: Ss. seer we = VALSY At ie panei San ee Gumorwimes. se eee Page. 611 612 614 616 617 619 621 624 624 625 626 627 629 630 630 631 631 632 63: 634 635 636 6387 638 639 640 641 642 645 644 645 647 648 648 649 650 651 652 693 653 654 655 697 660 661 662 663 664 665 665 666 668 CONTENTS. Order VI. Oniscoidea—Continued. Family XX VI. Armadillididee—Continued. Wropodiasbermudensis-ss22 2 Gass os ees SVD Meelis Grane Sas acne iei ee S I SE we Se caed peypoacella-arenicola to! Sees. te oes ees MEV aO MOR SU nke edt be es a Ce ory een aS et OCCA ee een eee ie ean OC ae Ce Ate A OUGIdeMaIIS eee ome the ae Shoe pallasigeeese ee pa Wa as SU eas eens eS Prats, acs ok GCS CHAS acme eee easel Ce. oS ee ee eter oibset- caters meer. Bee ks Sa ee Eagrdiumph ypmonumneree sea: sehen eto ea eae a ee ad RTM Rem etn cogs ere a ere a Ie Ses aS eS one LOnOIeUNd AtUMIer ere asst cocese Soe oS OT AC I S eee We er aye ee De mead re SN BTU MOS Glee ey Seyee eeee Sve s ee eee e eee Ha POM Gscrare tO Oe ee eee Semele eS ek pimiclnonitsiciclsct!. eer eee ae oe ee PICS SN he, URICHOMISCUS hae see oe ee AE Muchoniscustpusillusstae a4 ek ae ete DAUM COINS ee eee orn a 2) Berar eae OO ce DtIC Mil mi O NOU IAG eco eae esa eS oa SMM oc Family XX VII. Seyphaciidie Genus 122. Family XXVIII. Ligydidee Gr rashes en ay Sega eee iene eee ee Genus 124. Genus 125. Family X XIX. Genus 126. Genus 127. Haplophthalmus..-..:-..-.......- Genus 128. Index Brackenmiderarcavernanumss srs =)1ee oe 5 ee eee PRIS Here LOR CM COS SA ar ee ie eNs wee one Dio A ct, ee wee eee mete ee ee ee ee ewe ee eet eee eee OS ewe ee ee et wee eee we tees eee met ee eee XXIII Page. 669 670 671 671 671 673 673 674 676 678 681 682 684 686 686 688 689 690 692 692 692 693 694 695 696 697 699 699 701 719 i Fia. 1.—Pancolus ecaliforniensis . wg antenna. maxilla. opod of male. i, Last pereiopod. 16.—Tanais normani 17.—Tanais normani. 18.—Tanais normani. 19.—Cryptocope arctica (After Hansen) 20.—Cryptocope arctica (After Hansen). pod of female. 2.—Pancolus californiensis. 3.—Pancolus californiensis. 4.—Pancolus californiensis. 5.—Pancolus californiensis. 6.—Pancolus californiensis. 7.—Pancolus californiensis. .—Pancolus ecaliforniensis. 9.—Pancolus californiensis. 10.—Pancolus californiensis. 11.—Tanais cayolinii (After Harger) 12.—Tanais cayolinii. d, Mandible. 13.—Tanais alascensis. 14.—Tanais alascensis. aie 15.—Tanais robustus c, Mandible. ec’, Detail of mandible. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Maxilliped First maxilla First pleopod a, First leg. e, Uropod. a, First antenna. a, Dorsal view. (After Moore). d’, Tip of first maxilla. e, Jj, Pleopod. a, First antenna. c, Uropod of male. First gnathopod a, First antenna. Mandible... -- b, Maxilliped. PASeCOndeantenmaese me eae ee ae eee b, Second antenna ._....__-_. b, Last joints of leg of the first a, General figure. g, First gnathopod of female. AW RO POC ss ees ok eats oe eae a First gnathopod ..--.. a, Antennee of female. b, Second antenna - -- -- Epignath of maxilliped--. 2. 2.2..-....- Posterior lip - - HeCOMd plenpades saan sale ye eo eee c, First antenna. b, Second d, Anterior (first) Maxilliped. ff, First gnath- h, First pereiopod. b, Uro- d, Anterior part of body of TAA SD) op eer ee pe ce heres ere Ne eas ge ADI ey AS RSD RELA 5 Ss Haber eS 21.—Leptognathia ceca (After Harger). CU TO PO. Wesenee nose es. first pair. 22.—Leptognathia longiremis (After Sars). Second antenna of female. view of female. g, Second leg of female. (first or inner) maxilla. 7, Uropod of female. m, Pleopod of female. p, Dorsal view of male. s, Uropod of male. female. /, Left mandible. First antenna of male. of male. of male. r, Second leg of male. u, Second antenna of male. 23.— Heterotanais limicola (After Harger). 24.—Heterotanais limicola. @ Second amtennaasseee oes eee a c, Lateral view of female. e, First antenna of female. h, Maxillipeds. a, First leg of female. , First antenna. b, Leg of a, First leg of female. 5, d, Dorsal Ff, Seventh leg of i, Anterior k, Mandible (right). n, First leg of male. 0, q, Lateral view t, Pleopod v, Seventh leg of male -._- BGT ew ee ers eRe aes b, First Page. S>.O> O> G2 OG G2 Sd St Or “ WN 2 a> oN Page. 60 61 62 68 69 70 73 74 74 i) ee io 76 78 80 85 XXVIII ILLUSTRATIONS, Fia. 67.—Cirolana mayana (After Ives). «, Fifth leg (right side). b, Dorsal view of right antenna of second pair. c, Anterior view of same. d, Last segment of abdomen with uropoda. e, First leg (right side)=5 7; KourthJles (neht'side) Steer = ae rene eee 68.—Cirolana mayana (After Ives). a, Dorsal view. 6, Right side. ¢, Seventh thoracic segment with male appendage.............----- 69.—Cirolana mayana. a, Mandible. 6, c, Abnormal maxilliped. d, Secord rye wel bee eet Ae esa ase ak eve bas a re en 70.—Cirolana mayana.,- Second. antenma': 2252. 32_< lcs 322 seeee toe ee ee 71.—Cirolana linguifrons. a, Head. 6, Terminal segment..-.....-.---- (/2;—Ctrolana linouitrons. , Lateral wew omadult males 228. 2 See eee scent feet ee 138.—Alcirona krebsii. a, Maxilliped. 6, Mandible. c, Frontal lamina- 139.—Alcirona krebsii (After Hansen). «, Maxilliped. 6, First maxilla. ¢, Distal part of mandible. d, Dorsal view of female. e, Left pleopod of second pair in young male. /f, Lateral view of female. g, Leg of fifth pair. h, Leg of seventh pair. 7, Mandible. 7, Distal part of mandible. k, Second maxilla: /, Distal part of mandible. m, Left pleopod of second pair in adult male. 1, Leg of second pair. o, Posterior part of abdomen (adult male). p, Anterior part of MG ClisirOry WSL e Neer ate bee as So) Sarco: 52 eee to pein oreo 140.—Alcirona hirsuta (After Moore.) a, Right side of terminal abdomi- nal segment with uropod. 6, Seventh leg. c, General figure. Gekirshaleoere SH OURLDMEGE Ga oe ae lke joe eee ees Sees 141.—Tridentella virginiana. Frontal lamina, clypeus, and labrum. (incre Gree rrr Sea ante Ue te BEES ie rae nets 2 142.—Tridentella virginiana. First maxilla.......-.------- Bt gears ee 43. ridentellasaincimi amas sAsbdOmens se. sete = ace. ees oe tae TO entella ViInOtMIaN as 9 2 oe. ho tee. ep ewe oleate ee e)es. 145.—Tridentella virginiana. «, Maxilliped. 6, Mandible. c, Palp of mandible. d, Second maxilla. e, First maxilla (outer lobe). 7, aI ARMA eerie Ae ins ee See REN Te Uie abst bled es 146.—Nalicora rapax. a, Second maxilla. 6, Outer lobe of first maxilla. 28589—05——11 XX XI Page. 144 144 146 146 148 149 150 152 159 160 161 162 162 162 165 164 XXXII ILLUSTRATIONS. Fic. 147. —Nalicora rapax (After Moore). a, General figure. 6b, Second max- illa. c, Second antenna. d, First maxilla. e, Seventh leg. f, Mandible. g, Maxilliped. h, First leg (posterior). 7, Fourth leg. j, First leg (anterior). sk, First leg (inferior). 7, Part terminal segment of abdomen with uropoda.--....-.....-..----- 148.— ga psora (After Harger). a, Ventral view. 6, Dorsal view...-- 149.— Mega antillensis (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal margin with both antennze and frontal lamina. 6, Young female.___--- 150.—Mea antillensis. a, Maxilliped. 6, Leg of second pair.--...-- sche Lill Alea ecariniata: See. 2 BaP ek pee oe Spo, Ga eee eee 152; Deaecanmatas Maxillnpedis 22 e283 sss aes eee ae ees 153.—/Mega ecarinata. a, Leg of first pair. 6, Leg of third pair. c, Leg obseventh "pain: 2. 20.25. 2-id2 ace ase cee te cette oe eee 154.— Bea crenulata (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Young of third stage. b, ae ol second! stage iz.< ices a sen see t mee eee 155.—Aiga crenulata. a, Maxilliped. °b, Second leg... <222-222222222=- 156.—Hea webbii ane: Schicedte and Meinert). «, Frontal margin with both pairs of antennee and frontal lamina. 6, Adult male-- 157.—/Kega webbii. «a, Maxilliped. 6, Leg of the second pair -...-..--- 182 = Alor VECO t= ae Sess he Ree See NS gS NR 7 Sp cet eR 159.— Aga lecontil. a, Maxilliped. 6, Frontal lamina. (Diagrammatic. ) cuSecond eg . cc. foes PSs oe See Re Se rere eee heey mn eae 160.—Aga tenuipes (After Schicedte and Meinert). «a, Frontal margin with antennze and frontal lamina. 6, Young female. c, Right leo of second pair < 4.2.34 2 ere a ee oe eee yen eee 161.—.Aga dentata (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal margin with both pairs of antenne and frontal lamina. 6, Young female- - 1162: Aes incisa. (Aditer Ffaroer) 2222.2 ees Tee ee ee eee 163.—Aega incisa (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal lamina and both pairs of antenne. 6, Young female. c, Left leg of third pair- 164:—Aiea incisa. a, Maxilliped. 6; Second leg\.. 22.222 2422-222 165.— Aga arctica (After Sars). a, First and second antennee. 6, Gen- eral Meure os saci. cee Sasha Salsa nies Sse ae ees 166.—Mega arctica. a, Leg of second pair. b, Maxilliped -..-.--.------ 167.—ga gracilipes (After Hansen). a, Frontal part of head from underside: Generali ioure 2.222252 oe Oe ee ee te ee 168.— Mega gracilipes. a, Maxilliped. 6, Leg of second pair.......----- 169,— Mea symmetricaiaos.2 22s) ase hee eee ne oe oe eee Sea = eee 170.—#ga symmetrica. a, Maxilliped. 6, Palp of same...---.-.------ L7l.—=es symmetricay Mhirdilep 2: 22422 Sacase5 tee see eeee =e 172.— ga symmetrica. Posterior part of abdomen..........-.-.------ 173.—.Ega ventrosa (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal margin with both antenne and frontal lamina of adult female. 6, Adult female. c¢, Frontal margin with both antennze and frontal lamina of young female. ad, Younes femaleye sss 222 2 ee eoe eee eee 1'74.—Miea ventrosa. . Les of second! pair 2.22 52. 2a 22S acess ee eee 175.—Rocinela oculata (After Harger). «, Ventral view. b, Dorsal view. ¢ hes oftirst pair: s-4 324252 Se sae ose ee ee eee 176.—Rocinela cormutass (dead... 225: 2825. eee ss Se oe eee 177.—a, Rocinelacornuta, male. 6, Leg of first pair. c, Leg of fourth pair 173:—Rocinelacornuta. — Mamilllipeds:. ase es eee eee eee eee 179,—Rocinela msularis (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal margin with both pairs of antennze and frontal lamina. 6, Adult male-- 165 169 170 171 172 172 179 181 181] 181 182 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 ILLUSTRATIONS. XXXII Fic. 180.—Rocinela insularis. a, Second leg. 6, Maxilliped-......--------- 181.—Rocinela dumerilii (After Schicedte and Meinert). «a, Frontal mar- gin with both antennse and frontal lamina of adult female. 4, Same of young female. c, Adult female. d, Young female -.--- 182.—Rocinela dumerilii. Leg of second pair.-.-..-------------------- Poot OGine ACUDeNSIS..» Elegd: 22 saa Saas ee en SIS Cees h 25k se 184.—a, Rocinela cubensis, male. 6, Leg of first pair. c, Leg of fourth POD eens te as ere ate hay eee ret pee, Se Rena let ete eases oe ee 155) Rocmela cubensiss | Masalliped) = 22222 ee es ee eee ee 186.—Rocinela maculata (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal mar- gin with both antennee and frontal lamina. +, Right leg of second WAT) Ge ACMit Malek aU Leo Says eee ee ee OES sce Sek se on 187.—Rocinela belliceps. Head and first two thoracic segments - ~~~. --- 188.—Rocinela belliceps. Abdomen and last thoracic segment. -.------- SOR VO CHC LAM Oe INGE See are tna pte hs re re ei ee ee soe ad Suelee i90——Rocinelaybellicepss: |Miasilliped@ ns 222 eee ee meee oe ee cee oe 191e—Rocinelabelliceps.. Weg of third pair=25-- 22222-2252 222.-2----2- 1927 —Rocmelaibellacepses Uropod tesa aacc= eee ee ese ee tee ae ee ea 193.—Rocinela americana (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Frontal margin with both antennze and frontal lamina. , Young female- 194.—Rocinela americana. a, Second leg. 6, Maxilliped ---...---.---- 195.—Rocinela americana (After Harger). a, Dorsal view of female. >, Ventral view of female. c, Head and first thoracic segment of malemydslectonr sixth pair. ¢-beoottinst painsss222 sss t2=2s- 196.—Rocinela propodialis. Head with antennze and first two thoracic SC CU OMICS apart eee ots eee neta er ae ere cies 19i~—socinelaspropodinliswe Abdomen ss.sn242- cs se- sos oe esas see ee 193s Rocnelaspropodialis, * Mhirdvles 225-2222. 222-2 s2 ate eases see 199:——Rocmelaspropodialises Wropodets-= 225.222 . 17, (ead with: bothiantenngs 5222 -c22 2. 22o202 25052 247.—Meinertia gilberti. a, Second maxilla. 6, First maxilla. c, Max- Np eC eee ee Ras Oe So ena hones cane Ae See 243: Meinertia. cilberti: ~Weg of seventh pair -..-2.2:.--1-.2.2-+------ DAG Meimentiar atl Wentikeasameein a erie als eis an rte oie oral nator aoe ara OF VemMentlantrans Versan = mil ea Geer: aman na ao oes ee Pale ee oe 251.—Meinertia transversa. a, Maxilliped. 6, Second maxilla. ¢, First MA AMO MOeVeTUM Leer Soe area soe s ae A seth ais 8 25 eI Vcimentiantransversacn | AoC OMleMeas see aa oe ae ste week eey arr 253.—Agarna carinata (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Lateral view of adult female (left side). 56, Young of the first stage. c, Lateral view of adult female (right side). d, Adult male. e, Adult female. f, Lateral view of thorax of adult male.-.....---------- 254.—Agarna carinata. «a, Maxilliped. 6, Second maxilla. c, First maxilla. “Mandible: * :¢,-Palp*of mandible: ..-5- -.2-.-<.----<- 255.—Indusa carinata. Head and first thoracic segment ......-..--.---- 2510. haGluRh GinhOAieh 6 62 ee ac 6 aero Gee coe Bago SaSonescrpe sa Sone ees asE ase 257.—-Indusa carinata. a, Second maxilla. 6, First maxilla. c, Maxil- Medias See ee ERAS ote sass omte co Seetea m= Sarasa ts = te 257s Indusarcaninata. MueHor seventh paits=-= 5-22. S22. ccsese ssl e = 2 <= 259.—Cymothoa excisa (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Ungula of the leg of third pair of young of second stage. b, Lateral view of thorax of adult female. c, Adult female. d, Young of second stage. e, Adult male. f, Lateral view of thorax of adult male- - 260.—Cymothoa excisa. a, Second maxilla. 6, First maxilla. ¢, Palp of mandible. d, Maxilliped. e, Mandible. jf, Seventh leg......-- 261.—Cymothoa exigua (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Adult female. Dwlbateraleview- OlethOraxgas- 2h cosee ce coe oS Ste eit eee 262.—Cymothoa caraibica (After Bovallius). a, Dorsal view of male. 6, Seventh leg of right side. ¢, Fourth leg of right side. d, Second Rico pOUmae eet sea aah cas. cake asesea = Meacce eee. cee 263.—Cymothoa cestrum (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Young of the second stage. 6, Young of the first stage. c, Lateral view of thorax of adult female. d, Adult male. e, Adult female. /, 264.—Cymothoa westrum. «a, Maxilliped. 6, Seventh leg. c, First max- illa. d, Second maxilla. e, Mandible. f, Palp of mandible ---. 265.—Livoneca panamensis (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Adult male. 6, Lateral view of thorax of adult female. c, Lateral view Olthorax otadult males vd. Adultfemale2ss22-.2ssas5-5-->-2-- 266.—Livoneca panamensis. a, Maxilliped of female. 6, Second maxilla. ¢, First maxilla. d, Seventh leg........... BAS a Aer 267.—Livoneca vulgaris (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Young of the first stage. 6, Adult male. c, Lateral view of thorax of adult female. d, Adult female. e, Lateral view of thorax of adult male- Page. 239 239 240 242 242 242 243 243 243 244 245 246 246 247 © 247 248 249 251 253 200 256 XXXVI ILLUSTRATIONS. Fic. 268:—Livoneca vulgaris (After Stimpson) --2-....22 252225... 22222-2222< 269.—Livoneca vulgaris. a, Maxilliped of female. 6, Seventh leg. ¢, Sec- -ond maxilla. d, First maxilla. e, Palp of mandible -__.._._-_- 270.—Liyoneca: vulgaris: Youngymale: 52.227 sss 2 ee eee ee eee 271.—Livoneca californica (After Schicedte and Meinert). a, Adult fe- males ¢,Maxallipedi< 2.5322 as oe a ee eee 294.—Spheroma destructor: Dorsal view. 222s. 22:22. ea see ase ao seee 295.—Spheeroma destructor. Mandibular appendage. -....-..----------- 296.—Spheeroma destructor. a, Leg of second pair. 06, Leg of fourth pain. «c, Lee of titthspair- %d:heo of Sixth pain Sessesseeee ee 297.—Spheeroma destructor. Abdomen with uropoda and last segment OP GHOVaR ha sets 32 SoS Se eS ee ee Page. 259 259 260 270 272 273 273 274 276 276 279 219 281 281 282 283 283 284 Fia. ILLUSTRATIONS. XXXVII 298.—Sphezeroma destructor. a, Maxilliped. 6, Mandible (palp omitted) . CRs te IN SI) Ae Co SOCOM mR Aen oe eae ss eee 299 Spheeromapentodon. Masilliiped=s- 2222222. --2'5 3.3. 52--5.2n2-- 300:—Sphieroma pentodon. Abdomen. =-.-22-.--.-...:----.-.+---... 301.—Exosphieroma amplicauda (After Stimpson ) 302.—Exospheeroma amplicauda. a, 0 Bronte anoumearam duglypeusme ns see sea aan ee ee eee 303.—Exosphzroma rhomburum. Abdomen..-....-....-..--.-------- 304.—Exospheeroma rhomburum. Maxilliped 305.—Exospheroma yucatanum. Abdomen 306.—Exosphzeroma yucatanum. a, Maxilliped. 6, Frontal lamina and clypeus. (Diagrammatic) 307.—Exospheroma faxoni , b, Mandibles. c, Maxilliped. d, 308.—Exosphieroma faxoni. a, Maxilliped. , Frontal lamina. c¢, Sec- Oueeni all Ape eer. = aoe ee eee as Seen ee eee nos ot toate eS 309:—Exospheroma octoncum. Maxilliped .-..-..........:--....-..-- 310: —Exospheeroma octoncum: Abdomen::.5..5.-.2..+s025:25--.-5--- Sle xospheeroma thermophiluml! 2022-22 sl sssu.. 2 osste ecw ee 312.—Exospheroma thermophilum. Maxilliped ..-............-...--- 313.—Exospheeroma dugesi (After Dollfus). «, Head and first thoracic segment. 05 Abdomen! andiuropoda-<..:..} General figure. c, Abdomen (underside)................-..--.- 316.—Exospheroma oregonensis. «a, Maxilliped. 6, Mandible, palp removed. c, Mandible with palp. d, Frontal lamina and cly- TOUS Sree tere at aes thee egek oe A ees 2s Se eon ci Sik XOSPReromarcrenUlatum so sateec aS Sooo Seas See Se eo oe 318.—Exosphezroma crenulatum. Maxilliped ....................----- 319.—Dynamene perforata. Last two thoracic segments and abdomen. - - 320.—Dynamene perforata (After Moore). «a, First antenna. 6, Second antenna. ¢, Male. d, Tip of maxilla. e, Mandible. /. Maxilli- peds. g, Fourth leg. h, First leg. i, Seventh leg. j, Part of terminal segment of abdomen with uropod................--.--- 321.—Dynamene glabra. Abdomen and last two thoracic segments 322.—Dynamene glabra. Second pleopod of male 323.—Dynamene angulata. Maxilliped 324.—Dynamene angulata. Abdomen 325.—Dynamene moorei (After Mocre) .........../......-..-.---.---- 326.—Dynamene moorei. Second pleopod of male...........-..-.--.-- 327.—Dynamene dilatata. a, Head and first thoracic segment. 6, Dor- sal view 328.—Dynamene benedicti. Second pleopod of male (inner branch) ---. 329.—Dynamene benedicti. Last thoracic segment and abdomen -- - - - - - 300.—Paradynamene benjamensis. Abdomen and last thoracic segment ilantiet Cpr eto ne ase ee ee MERE ese Re oe on ee neice 331.—Paradynamene benjamensis. a, First antenna. 6, c, Mandibles. Cp MirstiMIa lla ee MaRIMIMe ws Mekeca ee. ot Sak escicceseeen 332.—Paradynamene benjamensis. Female (dorsal view) .-..-.-------- 303.— Paradynamene benjamensis. a, First pleopod of male. 6, Second TOLEO POC Me lant cl 6 Meme ee enn aed oe NEY aed) See aes Sot CilicrealimeotlCaidass eA COMeNES wees. a6 2 2a..5- asc seessenceoee 300.—Ciliceea granulosa. Last thoracic segment and abdomen -.-------- Page. 284 286 287 289 289 290 290 291 291 2992 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 297 297 298 298 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 309 310 XXXVIII ILLUSTRATIONS. Fia. 336.—Ciliczea cordata (male). a, Head and first thoracic segment. 6, DP) Oval Vale We eke ae aS era Op 30/.——Ciliceea-cordata.... Maxalliped= 2222 3 ec ee ee ee 338.—Ciliceea cordata. Second pleopod of male_¥..2-..-2---..-.-...--2 339.—Cilicea cordata (female). Maxilliped.--..-.2-...2.2:...5.------ 340.—Cilicxea cordata (female). «a, Dorsal view. 6, Lateral view ...---. 341. Cilicess oillianas: 43 eee eee SAC ne er ne ese 342.—Cilicea.culliana.. \ Maxillipeds.- = 2522 See eee eee eee 343.—Ciliceea caudata (After Ives). a, Lateral view. 6, Dorsal view-.-- 344.—Ciliceea caudata (male) (After Moore)..-....--.--2....-2:-.:-2-- 345.—Cilicses caudata.. sMiaxalliped as = ae ee oe eee 346.—Cilicvea caudata (female) (After Ives). a, Dorsal view. 6, Left side. eHourth: leo of nohtisides ss. sae ee eee 347.—Cilicza caudata (female) (After Moore) ....-..-.--.---2-.-2--2-- 348.—Ciliceea caudata (female). a, Mandible. 6, Maxilliped. c, Frontal lamimaandsclypeus.ss2. ase clase ee ee ar eee eee 349.—Cilicvea sculpta ( After Holmes). a, Abdomen of male. 6, Abdomen 390 351 BO2 Oro 393 oot of female. c, Head of male (lateral view). d, First antenna of male. e, Second antenna of male. /f, Maxilliped of male. g, Last thoracic-lesxotmale ees ae Pe ee ee Sia es ae ‘= Cilicsea: carimatar. = Hien dy sss =e Bee en ee eee eee = Cilicsea ‘carinatas Matera view s-she.c02 2 See eae eee een —Cihiesacarinata. = Abdomen ss see oe eee ee ee 5S ErO]S: CATIA batts a2 ee es ee ees i ge ee, ae GND oli Pals ey wed .—Serolis carinata. «a, First leg. 5, First maxilla. ¢, Second maxilla. d@)-Maxilliped:: é; Mandible 2.2 953.53 e ee ee eee 355.—Astacilla granulata (After Harger). a, First antenna of male. 4, Fourth thoracic segment of male. c, Ventral side of abdomen -~- 306, —Astacillaccranulata. -Maxilliped. 222323555 5- see eee eee 307.— Astacilla cea. (Aiter Benedict) is ses 2a. soe eee ee 308.—Astacilla 'ceecate eMaxilllipediog .c2% 2 Ss eee eee eee 359:— Arcturus beringanus (After Benedict) .5-_ 422 sos ee eee 360:—Arcturus longispinus (Atter Benedict)i--2 35522. --2eeeeee = eo ee 361.—Areturus glaber CAtter: Benedict) 2a. 35. et daa eee eee 362:—-Arcturusielaber. “Maxillipeda ss 2baes one ee eee ere 363.—Arcturus purpureus (After Beddard). a, One of posterior thoracic legs. 6, Lateral view. c¢, One of anterior thoracic legs .--...--- 364.—Arcturus purpureus (After Beddard). Dorsal view.....------.--- 360:—-Arcturts: caribbeuss. 225224202 Reese ae eee ee 366:—Arceturus floridanuS: cs. ..o2s cat se eon eee ere eee 367.—Arcturus baffini (After G. O. Sars). a, Anterior part of body with 368 369 first pair of antenna and oral appendages viewed from below. 6, First antenna. c, Base of second antenna. d, Adult female from above. e, First leg. jf, Second leg. g, Posterior part of body, viewed from below (one of opereular valves removed). h, Two sensory appendices of first antenna. i, Labrum. 7, Flagellum of second antenna. k, Mandibles. /, One of anterior pleopods. im, Terminal branches of opercular valve (inner side). 7, Seventh leg. o, One of posterior pleopods. jp, First maxilla. q, Labium. 7, Second maxilla. s, Mawxilliped. ¢t, Terminal claw of seventh leg: |) ws lateral view: 22s2s4 ae Seen eee ae —Arcturus:batinis. -Maxilliped).4-:42 55045508 see eee ees eee .—Arcturus baffini var. tuberosus (After Benedict).........--------- Page. oll oll 312 312 312 3138 313 314 old old 316 316 317 318 319 320 320 321 321 324 325 326 326 328 329 301 or ct bo ee ae 399 340 o41 ILLUSTRATIONS. XXXIX . 370.—Arcturus baffini var. tuberosus. - Maxilliped ..........-.--------- a7. —eleuroprion murdochi {(Aiter Benedict). --..--.2....-<----222--.-- pir leuroprion murdochi. Maxilliped::... 222.222. ---22----2---- ie euro PMOMNNLeLMedIUMN= cas eas oon steele ocaecsnsececes --- 374.—Mesidotea entomon (After Gersteecker). a, Dorsal view. }, Mandi- ble. c, Mandible. d, Ventral view. e, Labium. jf, Maxillipeds. g, Half of two thoracic segments about the middle, with one leg. h, Abdomen (ventral side). i, Cross section of a thoracic seg- ment about the middle. j, Second maxilla. /, First maxilla. J, Secon deantennan 7) phumshrantenna eye hee aoe sea ses seers 1) 375.—Mesidotea entomon (After Miers). a, Head with both antenne. Pe percular valve; (immer SiGe). se sscl a3. Use See ek eee oe 3710:—Mesidoteasentomon.) - Maxillipedis- © j.4222 22 222s. Ses one noe 3 -377.—Mesidotea sabini (After Miers). a, Opercular valve (inner side). DP shleaauwith hotm palnsron aMbennee! + i/o uci SS Ses ae Bie Vesidoteasabiol.. Mamxillipedye asso s5 5) 22 kt eeas Sets a mare 379.—Mesidotea sabini (After Kroyer). Showing detailed parts... ----- So! —Chiridoteacseca (vAtteribianrcter)\= a ee ecoe nc tsece le nsieece esc Sore mimdotes ceca: Maxilliped sho. o552 2 jon oes. Senna a 3627 Chiridotea tuitsin ((Atter Hargen) ists. .cScscc mcs tice ee ecne esa Obiridoteatuite: “Maxilliped so. 2 0225.22 02e ses eecie es see eee laa ihes praciilinit <=. 82, 220s <2 semen ee ens Seen ee Le ae 385.—Idothea gracillima. Abdomen, showing variations in form .....-- Bool dotheaurotomane AibGomen: a= 6) 24a S22 occ eles Sapa ease s= Bore OO UNCAn CW WIKES lupe em aeer nee Ae on em ek i ee I Ae) Svcs ioc 388.—Idothea fewkesi. «a, Maxilliped. b, First antenna........--..--- BR Oe Node tieamectilim caps seem ne. = wire ee Reso Sera A fove stonebac re sare ara 390.—Idothea rectilinea. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna -.-.-.-.-- eee Fs ole——=ldobhea-rectilines:, pAbdOmen | 45525 22225. 55o8e see ie eee 22s Boe. dothea metallies (Aiiter Elarcen)! 22222 o2o2 2-82-22 gece sees 393.—Idothea metallica. a, Maxilliped. b, First antenna -...-....--.- Bon Idothea, palticay (Auten Ilareen)i 25-220 44 agac Ss eneseceeece ce =e Sect 395.—Idothea baltica. a, Maxilliped.. 0, First antenna..-...--..------ Bobs d ober OCNOLENSIS see. 26 5so8 ere Seek uae Soe eee ecient eh icisee isos 397.—Idothea ochotensis. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna ........---.- aoe —ldothea phosphorea (After) Marger)) =. :2: s25- 3222 Loe scsleee eee at 399.—Idothea phosphorea. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna......--..- 400.—Pentidotea resecata (After Stimpson)-...........-.-...---.--.--- 401.—Pentidotea resecata. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna........-.--- 402 —hentidotea wosnesenskit, (Males... 22 22-2--.-sscseasete nce dcoscs A03;-—hentidotea wosnesenskil, Female .......--o2s.00c<-+c0.-222¢--4- 404.—Pentidotea wosnesenskii. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna. ------ imeem Cen Wyble: Sie ee Pein = see are Se csmbee wees MR Sne Soe os 406.—Pentidotea whitei. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna ......-.-..-.-- 407.—Pentidotea stenops (After Benedict) .........--.-----..-.-------- 408.—Pentidotea stenops. a, Maxilliped. 6, First antenna ......-...-- 409.—a, Head of Synidotea ritteri. 6, Head of Synidotea consolidata - - - Pere IL CHL Ge MINGLEMEN: See te Sra Wt a Satta etn isto Siaiees noe aoe 411.—a, Abdomen of Synidotea ritteri. 6, Abdomen of. Synidotea con- SG claiticy arene ee me ae Se aos Bak hl aE eee s resistence ele 2S 412\—Symidotea pallida (After Benedict) 2-.:---.+.----2.--2-----.----- AHS OLEAN pallida, WviaxUlipedeass-4.4-5-2ee- sec -- eon estee esos 414.—Synidotea erosa (After Benedict) ...-.......----.---------------- Page. 341 343 3438 345 ww ww ow oo © or cr Oi St Or Or Or Cr Or aowwhns — = Se 20 o-oo © or a1 oh XL ILLUSTRATIONS. Fre. 415:—Synidotea-erosa: -Maralllipedis= ses sae oe ers eee ee ae: 416.—Synidotea nebulosa (After Benedict) .-........---.--------=------ 417:—Synidotea nebulosa:. “Maxilliped_ 2225 so. S2 se soon eee eee eee 418.—Synidotea angulata (After Benedict) 248-222 22222.222-5-250- 52 --e 419.=--Synidotea angulata.. Maxillipedis_-. . 22-2 es eet ee 420.—Synidotea consolidata (After Benedict) ........-.--.-----.+------ 421.—Synidoteaconsolidata; ~Maxallipedsy! 4422) 9 eee es 422.—Synidotea marmorata (After Benedict) -.....-..2.2--2202--21 22.2 423:.—Synidotea marmorata:, ¢Mamxillaiped:. .2¢20 2. -Senaesee eee eee 424.—Synidotea bicuspida (Adter Benedict). ..-.../.- 220222222222 222-: 425.—Synidotea laticauda (After Benedict) ..-....--:.-...-.------.---- 476:—Synidotealaticauda; ~Masallipeds 222-222 524 9 ae nee 497.—Synidotea hartford: (After Benedict)2- 2s -- o22e 242-42 e- eee 428.—Synidoteaharfordi.’ Maxilliped 22: 2. .oyi 5352S e aes tes ose eee 429.—Synidotea nodulosa (After Harger),.22....: 2:22 5e- Sees ees enone 430:—Synidotea nodulosa., Maxilliped. =: --=222222 222 ase eee eee 43) =Synidotea levis .(Adter-Benedict). 2. 559.—Leidya distorta (After Leidy). «a, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ven- CralavicwAOntens] exc mMucorOlmleMmale sme emen see ele = — conse oe ee 511 560.—Leidya distorta (After Leidy). a, Dorsal view of male. 6b, Abdomi- nal segments of male with peculiar appendages. c¢, Right leg of male ds Headrofamaleswithiantenme)22225..2.42...<-58-2-.2- blZ 561.—Grapsicepon edwardsi (After Bonnier). a, Ventral view of female. b, Abdomen of male (ventral view). c¢, Ventral view of head of female (first right incubatory lamella removed). d, Dorsal view of female. e, Head of male (ventral side). /, Ventral view of -male. g, Seventh thoracic segment of male (ventral side). h, First leg, with incubatory lamella. 7, The same (inner face).. 514 562.—Grapsicepon edwardsi (After Bonnier). «a, Ventral view of abdo- men. 0, Inferior part of head with right maxilliped. c¢, Both antennee. d, Right leg of fourth pair (female). e, Rostrum with right mandible in situ. f, Parasite in branchial cavity of host. g, Last thoracic segments (dorsal view). h, Extremities of the TMA Gully espace er een ere are eer ae Ste Seana te eee ays = 515 563.—Munidion parvum. a, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ventral view of SEAULIA © ype ess eee eters es Sia an epee hn atte a NR ae ey one pets Eloi ste cars 518 564.—Munidion parvum. First lamella of marsupium.-........-------- 518 565.—Munidion parvum. Leg of sixth pair of adult female.....---.---- 519 066s Viunidion parvum side tee ee eide seep sc em setoen fae soee aes oe 519 567.—Cryptione elongata (After Hansen). a; Maxilliped of female. b, Head of male (ventral view). c, First incubatory lamella of female and first leg. d, Ventral view of male. e, Dorsal view of female. f, Ventral view of female. g, Head of female with both maxillipeds omitted (seen from below). hk, First leg of male. 2s arts niga] © at egn eall Sa pg tee ony tng ens spree Ae INE eee 52] 568.—Cryptione elongata (After Hansen). Dorsal view of male----.--- 522 569.—Pseudione giardi (After Calman). «a, Dorsal view of female. >, Embryo. c, Ventral view of male. d, Maxilliped. e, Abdomen. f, Under surface of head. g, First incubatory lamella with pere- iopod. h, Second pereiopod. 7, Mouth parts .................- 524 570.—Pseudione galacanthee (After Hansen). a, First leg with incubatory lamella. 6, Sixth leg of female. c, Head of smaller male. d, Dorsal view of male. e, Head of female (ventral view). f, Dor- sal view of female. g, Ventral view ot female. h, First leg of Males aseventhelegroimm al eyes 45 se, see ae cease a eer See - 528 571.—Pseudione furcata. a, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ventral view of OUI Gre eee, = Rent tater eh te SS pa Reena eS a eS eS Ae Se 529 0/2.—Pseudione furcata. First lamella of marsupium-..--..-...-------- 529 573.—Pseudione furcata. Leg of sixth pair of adult female.---..--.---- 529 574.—Pseudione curtata. a, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ventral view of Sant OM eae ese ee Sete eh Ree eer ee Whe oe ts Ss SSeS ee aios 530 575.—Pseudione curtata. First lamella of marsupium.....-....-.-.---- 530 576.—Pseudione curtata. Leg of sixth pair of adult female .........---- 53 57 7.—Pseudione curtata. Male......---=-.--..--- Be atts ooo cei 531 XLVI ILLUSTRATIONS. Fig. 578.—Stegophryxus hyptius (After Thompson). a, Hermit crab with parasite attached. 6, Anterior portion of head of female (ventral side). c, Dorsal view of adult female. d, Ventral view of same. e, Left maxilliped of adult female. jf, Head of adult female (dor- sal view). g, Head of adult female (ventral side). h, Abdomen and posterior part of thorax of adult female (ventral view)... -- 579.—Stegophryxus hyptius (After Thompson). a, Dorsal view of adult male. 6, Ventral side of head of same. c, Ventral view of head of cryptoniscid. d, Cryptoniscid from young female (lateral view). e, Pleopod of third abdominal segment of eryptoniscid. f, Musculature of one of first four pereiopoda (adult female). g, Musculature of one of sixth or seventh pereiopoda of female. h, Musculature of pereiopod. 7, Dorsal view of larval female. ), Ventral view of samie:=s2. 2.2 :lsivesn Sic eie es a 580.—Stegias clibanarii. a, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ventral view of female: 22: See ooh. £5 24s Sed eauoerea ee tee ee ee ee ene 581.—Bathygyge grandis (After Hansen). «a, Head of male (ventral view). b, Dorsal view of male. c, First leg of male. d, Fifth leg of male. 582.—Phyllodurus abdominalis. Female (dorsal view).....--..--.----- 583.—Phyllodurus abdominalis. One of biramous pleopods of adult females o...2 ude soc osteo oe aes os ee ce eee 584.—Phyllodurus abdominalis. a, First incubatory lamella. 6, Maxil- liped. c, Seventh leg......-...- Be eee aoe ea Ne eee rae 585.—Phyllodurus abdominalis. a, Male. 6, Young female.........--- 586.—Argeia pugettensis. a, Dorsal view of adult female. 6, Ventral view of ddult-female:.o icc st2esedeeedasc tees oe eueeee eee o8/.—Argeia pugettensis. - Male: 2h Geese one Soest eee ee 588.—Argeia pugettensis. First lamella of inarsupium..............---- 589.—Argela pugettensis. Sixth leg of specimens found on: a, Crago ni- ericauda from off Cape Johnson, Washington. 6, Crago communis from Straits of Fuca. c, Nectocrangon crassa from off Cape New- enham, Alaska. d, Nectocrangon crassa from Alaska.......---- 590.—Argeia pugettensis. Sixth leg of specimens found on: a, Necto- erangon dentata from Afognak Bay, Afognak Island. 6, Nec- tocrangon crassa from Cape Newenham, Alaska..........--- mie .—Argeia pugettensis Seventh leg of specimens found on: a, Necto- crangon alascensis from southwest of Sannakh Islands, Alaska. b, Crago nigromaculata from San Diego Bay, California. c, Crago dalli from south of Amak Island, Alaska. d, Crago communis from Akutan-Island, Bering: Straits. 5)-Seacdoas. 2 soe 592.—Argeia pugettensis. First incubatory plate from specimens found on: co ft a, Nectocrangon crassa from off Cape Newenham, Alaska. b, Nec- tocrangon crassa from Alaska. c, Crago nigromaculata from San Diego Bay, California. d, Crago nigricauda from off Cape Johnson 593.—Argeia pugettensis. First incubatory lamella from specimens found on: a, Crago communis from Straits of Fuea. 6, Crago communis from Akutan Island, Alaska. c¢, Nectocrangon alascensis from southwest of Sannakh Islands, Alaska. d, Crago dalli from south Of AmmakTisland: 22222. fee aes Sa pe oats ee Sere eee 594.—Argeia pugettensis. First incubatory lamella from specimens found on: a, Nectocrangon dentata from Afognak Bay, Afognak Island. b, Nectocrangon crassa from off Cape Newenham, Alaska. .....-- 595.—Argeia pugettensis. «a, Dorsal view of immature female. 6, Ventral view of same. (First post-larval stage) -.....-. SGalsoneatiee Ane Page. 506 538 54 541 542 542 545 545 546 546 d47 548 549 549 ILLUSTRATIONS. XLVII Page. Fia. 596.—Argeia pugettensis. a, Dorsal view of immature female. 6, Ventral view of same. (Second post-larval stage)..--.--.-..---.------- 550 597.—Argeia pugettensis (Cryptoniscan stage) ....-.-.-...------------- 550 598.—Parargeia ornata (After Hansen). a, Dorsal view of female. 5, Ventral view of female. c, Leg of seventh pair of female. d, Leg of seventh pair of male. e, Head of female (ventral view). f, Dorsal view of male. g, Head of male (ventral view)....-.--- 552 599.—Probopyrus pandalicola. «a, Dorsal view of female. >, Ventral MGW OLtSAMe Mee le cere notte ei he ee sic Se cisera cre wee ccs as 5o4 600.—Probopyrus pandalicola. Leg of sixth pair of adult female. .-..--- 555 Guile —Erobepyrus pandalicola, | Male 2 os... 2222 ..2-2. 0 soe se sce: 5d5 602.—Probopyrus floridensis. a, Dorsal view of female. 0b, Ventral NIE WAOU SAUTER Nets ME artes ett ER sialon etal ore 3 oa 556 603.—Probopyrus floridensis. First lamella of marsupium ........-.-.--- 556 604.—Probopyrus floridensis. Leg of sixth pair of adult femialones ase 556 G0a—Probopyrus foridensis:, Male tsite. 270. 2c bee a et 556 606.—Probopyrus bithynis. a, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ventral view OMSamMeseme teas eee nee pe ame eek Stn feo te 557 607.—Probopyrus bithynis. First lamella of marsupium. Right side... 557 608.—Probopyrus bithynis. Leg of sixth pair of adult female ......-.--- 558 G09—Probopy rus o1bbynis;-Male:2 2322. 2 22S eens oe ee se 558 610.—Probopyrus bithynis. «, Dorsal view of female. 6, Ventral view OMSATIC Mee epee ep eerste cae ete ta Tater aeiciamnctato vite gre sii 558 Gik——brohopyrus: bith yniss. (Male->.2/5 202-2 ssoss eee tne eel See 559 612.—Probopyrus alphei. Dorsal view of female -.------ eee cece 560 Sl3t—-Propopyrus alphiely tMaleiora - 576 641.—Holophryxus alascensis. First incubatory lamella (distal lobe)... 576 642.—Clypeoniscus meinerti (After Giard and Bonnier). a, Dorsal view of adult female. 6, Ventral view of same. c, Female at a stage intermediate between aand >. d, Mode of opening of incubatory lamellee by marginal folds (adult female). e, The same seen from Wt MN eee enna abe soni PR e Ske stomtaSaecose acts 578 643.—Clypeoniscus meinerti (After Giard and Bonnier). «a, Posterior part, viewed dorsally, of embryo of first stage. 6, Lateral view of embryo. c, Ventral view of embryo. d, Sixth leg. e, Pos- LELLOTRE MUEMILE any Oe LOO a een eee iit eee eon 580 644.—Oosaceus. «a, Dorsal side of female. , Ventral side of same. --.-- 582 645.—Tylos niveus (After Dollfus). a, Head with antenna. 6, Last two SEGMCNLGLO red LOM ON Hers se setts oes A Penn pas iy Rae oe 585 Gio. —viossatreilli.s \Opereultim!:- 2224-222 ee seeh ewe cl Sshcee 2. 586 647.—Tylos latreilli (After Dollfus). a, Head with antenna. 6, Last two Seomentsfolawd OM ENer. Aer Soo Sepa ee hy es She aes 586 648.—Ethelum modestum (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two seg- ments of thorax (upperside). 6, Thesame (underside). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upperside). d, The SANE M (UN CET G1CLC)) eee tae eet ae a SE ie SE De eye 589 649.—Ethelum americanum (After Budde-Lund). a, Apex of inner lacinia of first right maxilla. 6, Left antenna. c, Flagellum of Ne itreite rain Opes seeps ces ieee is elec ne oe eo einen ak 589 650.—Ethelum americanum (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two seg- ments of thorax (upperside). 6, The same (underside). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen (upperside). d, The same (under STC) pea en ee ay 4s Re ee 2 he ate Po ee ay ood 590 651.—Ethelum reflexum (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 6, The same (under side). c, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). d, The SaMTen (MM Ger SIC El yas Se eres ees ee a ees eee Sees tee See 591 Go7-SulOMISCUSHPerCONVexUS y= e sc ae eae aio 2 eerste oe oe a 596 653.—Alloniscus perconvexus. a, Maxilliped. 6, Second antenna. ¢, First maxilla (inner lobe). d, Second maxilla. e, First maxilla, (outer lobe). jf, Mandible. g, First antenna .......--......--- 597 654.—Alloniscus perconvexus. Terminal segment of abdomen with UI; O19. Cl etree ayneteen fee ee ee ere Sete ane ey ee ee es af 597 655.—Synuropus granulatus. «a, Dorsal view. 6, Uropoda ......-.----- 599 650. synuropussoranulatus. eMasdllipedis::.--3- 3.2.2.5. .c-s- 22> --- 599 657.—Oniscus asellus (After Sars). a, Mandible. 6, Posterior lip. ¢, Anterior lip. d, Second antenna. e, First antenna. jf, Second maxilla. g, First maxilla. h, Mandibles. 7, Dorsal view ‘of body. j, Maxillipeds. sk, Head (lateral view). /, First pleopods of male. m, Head (ventral view). 7, First pleopods of female. 0, Second pleopod of male. p, Uropod. q, Abdomen (ventral view). 7, Last segment of abdomen. s, Seventh leg. ¢, First leoei hind spleopod of female s=2=- 225 5.2 a. ee aoe ee 601 Gace hil osclamnichmondiz. 2.8 oka. Sao. shee cose oees tines oe 603 699. —Philoscia richmondi. a, Maxilliped. 6, Mandible.........-..-.-- 603 L ILLUSTRATIONS. Fi1q. 660.—Philoscia culebree (After Moore). a, Dorsal view. 6, Second antenna. c, Mandible. d, First leg. e, Fourth leg............ 661:—Philoscia-vuttatas@Adter Ilaroer) ss ee eee ae eee 662.—Philoscia vittata. a, Maxilliped. 6, Second maxilla. c, First maxilla (outer lobe). d, First maxilla (inner lobe). e, Man- dible. f, Terminal segment of abdomen, with uropoda.._.._--- 663.—Philoscia vittata. a, Second antenna. b, Uropod...........-.--- 664.—Philoscia bermudensis (After Dahl). a, General figure. 6, Second antenna. c, Maxilliped. d, Mandible. e, First maxilla. f, First leg: g)"Uropod. sxoous2 22 cate 2 oes ee eee 665.—Cylisticus convexus (After Sars). a, Anterior lip. 6, Mandible. c, Dorsal view of male. d, First antenna. e, Second antenna. J, Posterior lip. g, Head (dorsal view). h, Mandibles. 7, Last two segments of abdomen and uropoda. j, Uropod. hk, Maxilli- peds. /, Lateral view of male. m, First maxilla. n, Second ~ maxilla. o, Flagellum of second antenna. jp, First pleopod of male. g, Seventh leg. 7, Second pleopod of male. s, Abdomen (ventral view). ¢t, First pleopod of female. wu, First leg......-- 666.—Porcellio levis (After Sars). a, Second antenna. 6, Uropod. ¢ Adult male. d, Last two segments of abdomen and uropods. — e, Seventh leg. jf, Flagellum. g, First pleopods of male.-.... ~~. S 667.—Poreellio parvicornis'2 4... bone este a ee a eee 668.—Porcellio rathkei (After Sars). a, Dorsal view of male. 6, Dorsal view of female. c, Firstantenna. d,Seventhleg. e, Maxilliped. J, Last segment of abdomen and uropoda. g, First pleopod of male. f, Flagellum. i, Uropod. j, Second antenna..........- 669.—Porcellio spinicornis (After Sars). a, Head. 6, Dorsal view of female. c, Second antenna. d, Last two segments of abdomen and uropoda. e, First leg of female. /, Last segment of abdomen. g, First pleopod of male. h, Uropod. 7, Flagellum. j, Seventh leg of female. k, Second pleopod of male. /, Seventh leg of TV Ouas. as ek Pees Be thee ei ee Ake eee 670.—Porcellio spinicornis. a, Maxilliped. 6, Second maxilla. ¢, First maxilla (outer lobe). d, Mandible. e, Second antenna......-- 671.—Porcellio scaber (After Sars). a, Mandibles. 6, First antenna. ¢, Dorsal view of female. d, Second antenna. e, Anterior lip. f, Second maxilla. g, First maxilla. h, Mandible. 7, Posterior lip. j, Last segment of abdomen and uropoda. k, Uropod. 1, Maxil- lipeds. m, Head. n, First pleopod of female. 0, Second pleo- pods of male. p, Var. marmorata (dorsal view of female). 4g, First pleopods of male. 7, Third pleopod of male. s, Abdomen (ventral view acs oe ae oe SE Ts hee ee ee 672.—Leptotrichusigranulatiseis2 2.22. ese ae ae ee eee ena 673.—Metoponorthus saussurei (After Dollfus). a, First segment of tho- rax. 6, Seventh thoracic segment, abdomen, and uropoda. ----- 674.—Metoponorthus pruinosus (After Sars). a, First maxilla. b, Max- illiped. c, Mandibles. d, Second antenna. e, Anterior lip. f, Dorsal view of male. g, First antenna. h, Flagellum. i, First pleopod of male. _j, Seventh leg. &, Second maxilla. /, First leg. m, Second pleopod of male. n, Uropod. 0, Third pleopod of female. p, Head. q, Second pleopod of female. 7, First pleo- pods:offemale: s, Abdomen’ with uropoda==saee. nee esse eee 675:—Hy perenathusitexensisi= 125. 42s en ae ee ee ee Page. 604 605 605 606 610 618 620 623 624 626 627 632 ee G ay eve ee ILLUSTRATIONS. Fic. 676.—Hypergnathus texensis. a, Maxillipeds. 6, Second maxilla. ¢, Barston axl seus canvlan illest sce se sine ae oe Sees oo oe Sees coins 67 /— Ely pergnathus texensis. Uropod) ...2-).2222.22s2----2--54------ 678.—Actoniscus ellipticus (After Harger).......-....---..-..--------- HOR —INCLO MISCHA gli Cantey oe = epee eee es ee ee 1 SA la 680.—Actoniscus lindahli. a, Maxilliped. 6, First maxilla. ¢, Second Max aesuvancdiplel: men Mandiblem ssa sessancsess ones es =e 681.—Acanthoniscus spiniger (After Kinahan). «a, Terminal segment of BDAGHLENS nO LEO POO. Sees atte sees een tese eee eeraat =~ J 682.—Cubaris tenuipunctata (After Dollfus). «, Head and first two seg- ments of thorax (upperside). 6, Head and first two segments of thorax (under side). c, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). d, The same (under side) -..------- 683.—Cubaris depressa (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 4, The same (under side). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). d, The SAME (UNGER SIC. e)) vem teh ase repre en eres ear see aU ee 684.—Cubaris viticola (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 6, The same (under side). c, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen with uropoda (upper side). d, The SAM em (UM GLENS CC) eetepnce eae har tee na oe es eee ee 685.—Cubaris silvarum (After Dollfus). «, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 6, The same (under side). c, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). d, The SalI Cog Lt) Clea SIGLO) Paes ie rays Sent rrert ere Sy ea Pe) er 686.—Cubaris perlata (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upperside). 6, Thesame (underside). c, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen (upper side). d, The same (under side) - - 687.—Cubaris murina. «a, First antenna. 6, Second antenna........--- §88.—Cubaris murina (After Miers). a, Head and first thoracic segment. b, Lateral view of body. ce, Abdomen and uropoda..-.----.------ 689.—Cubaris murina. «a, Maxilliped. 6, Second maxilla. c, First max- illa (outer lobe). d, Terminal segment with uropoda. e, Man- dible. jf, First maxilla (inner lobe). g, Uropod (from under SLCC) pee hen ere ary ae trot Sri e S e IAEe pane tn eile oe Le 690.—Cubaris cincta (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 6, The same (under side). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). d, The SAMeK(MUNGerSIC.e))- ee ser eee SH Fey oe et a eas SORE tc ca 691.—Cubaris gigas (After Miers). a, Abdomen with uropoda (upper side). 6, Head (under side) showing antenne. c¢, Lateral view. d, Head and first thoracic segment (upper side)..........------ 692.—Cubaris zigzag (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 6, Head and first two segments of thorax (under side). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). d, The same (under side) -....-.-.-----.- 693.—Cubaris dumorum (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two seg- ments of thorax (upper side). 4, The same (under side). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen with uropoda (upper side). Gu ersamenUnderssiGe) pacse bene se ee eet oh eRe le 694.—Cubaris grenadensis (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two seg- ments of thorax (upper side). 6, The same (under side). <¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen and uropoda (upper side). Cralive camer (und Crsside) san patate aoe oa scr ae Syotclare tee science Se LI Page. 637 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 LIL Fia. ILLUSTRATIONS. 695.—Cubaris dugesi (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two thoracic seg- ments (dorsal view). 6, Head with antenna and first two seg- ments of thorax with coxopodites (co and co’) (ventral view). c, Fifth and sixth abdominal segments and uropoda (dorsal view ). d, Sixth abdominal segment and uropoda (ventral view)... ---- 696)-—Pseudarmadillovwilllianus. <2) cace to. oe oe ee ee eee 697.—Pseudarmadilloveillianuss “Aibdomen . 925) 523522 2s eee eee 698.—Psendarmadillo gillianus. Lateral view of abdomen_._........--- 699.—Pseudarmadillo gilianus. Abdomen and uropoda (under side) - ~~ 700:—=Pseudarmadillowdollitusi_ = 2 55 422 S25 See oe Se ee eee 701.—Pseudarmadillo dollfusi. a, Second maxilla. 6, Outer lamella of first maxilla. c, Inner lamella of first maxilla. d, Lateral view of abdomen and last thoracic segment. e, Maxilliped. f, First maxalla.".9)- Mandible: 23 Se5 Sete aa ee ee eee 702.—Pseudarmadillo carinulatus (After Saussure). «a, Head and first segment of thorax. 6, Abdomen and uropoda.........-.-..--- 703.—Spheeroniscus portoricensis. a, Abdomen. }, Uropoda (inside) --- 704.—Spheroniscus portoricensis. a, Second maxilla. 6, Maxilliped. ¢, Outer lamella of first maxilla. d, Inner lamella of same. e, Mamndihblets26c 5 ose Bae eee oe eS ae, er eee 705.—Haplarmadillo monocellatus (After Dollfus). a, Head and first two segments of thorax (upper side). 6, The same (under side). ¢, Fifth and sixth segments of abdomen (upper side). d, The same (imderscide i ee eee oe ety ee ee ae ef ee 706.—Armadillidium vulgare (After Sars). a, Head with antennze (ven- tral view). 6, Dorsal view of female. c, First maxilla. d, First antenna. e, Anterior lip. f, Right mandible. g, Second max- illa. h, Posterior lip. 7, First leg. j, Left mandible. &, Tip of maxilliped. /, Uropod. m, Seventh leg. n, Lateral view of female. o, Maxillipeds. p, First pleopod of male. g, Abdomen with uropoda. 7, Last two segments of abdomen with uropoda. s, Third pleopod of male. f, Second pleopod of male. uw, Head with antenne (dorsal view). 7, Abdomen with uropoda (ven- traliside). “2, -Secondanténna...2.2.2-o=s2ee te ee eee 707.—Armadillidium quadrifrons (After Stoller)........--..------------ 708.—Armadillidium quadrifrons. a, Head. 6, Last two segments of abdomen: with uropoda- S72 4.025. 22 2 eee Se ee 709.—Uropodias bermudensis. a, Head and first thoracic segment. >, Abdomen and last two ‘thoracic segments. 2.22 2)... J222 Se 222 710.—Scyphacella-arenicola (Atter Harger)) = 2.22 2 ete oe eee 711.—Secyphacella arenicola. Head with antenna............---------- 712.—Seyphacellaarenicola. «,Uropod. 6, Maxilliped. c, First maxilla (outer lobe). d, Second maxilla. e, Mandible. f, Last two seg- ments'ot abdonren J bs [See e Se 2a so See eee ee 713.—Scyphacella arenicola. Inner lobe of first maxilla. (Diagram- WAtIC!) + shh eer A ee ee ee ee ore 714.—Ligyda olfersii. ~a, Maxilliped. 6, First leg of male........------ 715.—Lig¢yda ‘oliersil: 20200. u, oF vos ASL ee oa oe eee 716.—higyda exotica, (Atter Rowx)ises.420.-2 ee heess se eee eee Ee 717:-—Ligyda exotica. Maxilliped!: 222.2722 3.42 se eee ae eee 718.—Ligyda exotica. «a, Terminal joints of first leg. 6, First leg .----- 719.—Ligyda baudiniana (After Dahl). a, Uropod. 6, General figure. c, First leg of male. d, Mandible. e, First maxilla........---- 720.—Ligyda baudiniana. (After Ives) .2.:22222.. 2-2 ee Page. 652 656 65 DD OU JT a I ~I oO So CO 659 660 662 662 665 667 668 ILLUSTRATIONS. Lill Page. Bie. 721.—Ligyda baudiniana. First leg of male...-......--..-..-.-.------ 679 722.—Ligyda baudiniana (After Dahl). Maxilliped...................- 679 723.—Ligyda baudiniana (After Moore). a, Second antenna of female. oxebiemale: ec elinstleo Omiemales. fase. 5 eye hoe nces es 680 724.—Ligyda occidentalis (After Dana). a, Peduncle of second antenna. hb, Abdomen and uropoda. c, Joints of flagellum. d, Tip of Hace MMC US tLe OKO tenn Aes ee were over Seae ts acl e oS 681 725.—Ligyda occidentalis. First leg (last two joints) ........---.-.---- 682 ior hiovdarspallasi (CArter Ss tim psOn) =. 2... ceeees oc +See aos ons sie 683 727.—Ligyda pallasii. «a, Maxilliped. 6, First leg of male......-.-....- 683 728.—Ligyda oceanica (After Sars). a, Anterior lip. 6, First antenna. c, Head (ventral view). d, Tip of mandible. e, Second antenna. f, Posterior lip. g, Mandible. h, First maxilla. 7, Dorsal view of female. j, Tip of mandible. &, Mandibles. /, Maxilliped. m, Second maxilla. 7, Seventh leg. 0, First leg. p, Second pleopod of female. q, First pleopod of male. 7, One branch of uropoda. s, First pleopod of female. ¢, Seventh leg (tip). wu, Uropod. v, Abdomen (ventral view). w, Second pleopod of male bhind leo podsoitemalerw ace soars ce OSes cee 684 io. inovida oceamica. >: Maxi peda: feec.0 22 toe oS kSaecs ct oes oce sown 685 730.—Ligidium hypnorum (After Sars). a, Mandible. 6, First antenna. c, Anterior lip. d, Second antenna. e, First antenna. f, Flagellum of second antenna. g, First maxilla. h, Second maxilla. /, Dorsal view of female. j, Maxilliped. k, Mandi- bles. /, Posterior lip. m, First leg. , Lateral view of female. 0, Seventh leg. p, Uropod. q, First pleopod of female. 7, Last segment of abdomen and uropoda. s, Second pleopod of male. fj bxtremity otouter branch of mropod ssi ss. = a2... 22--5-0 2 687 (3le—Ligidium, longicaudatum:(After Stoller) .--.......2...2:-.-2..---s 689 732.—Ligidium gracilis (After Holmes). a, Maxilliped. 6, General fig- UI CMC LTS LPR: ee rere eee eet Bee eR iyi Aen Es Sean ee 691 733.—Trichoniscus pusillus (After Sars). a, Anterior and posterior lips. b, First maxilla. c¢, Dorsal view of female. d, First antenna. e, Second antenna. jf, Terminal joint of first antenna. g, Man- dibles. h, Maxilliped. 7, Last segment of abdomen and uropoda. j, Second maxilla. &, Flagellum of second antenna. /, Head (lateral view). m, First pleopod. n, Outline of terminal segment. o, Seventh leg. p, Second pleopod. gq, First leg. 7, Third pleo- POs re peuichenleapodon css cee oan en oec eee Sesee mes Se 694 734.—Trichoniscus papillicornis. Head and first thoracic segment... --- 695 (pen CHhOMSCUsspapllicormiste. ese sasee se se neste eres em eee eee 696 736.—Trichoniscus papillicornis. Uropodaand lastsegmentofabdomen.. 696 737.—Trichoniscus papillicornis. Leg of first pair ..............------- 696 738.—Trichoniscus papillicornis. Uropod of left side ---..--.---------- 696 739.—Haplophthalmus puteus (After Hay). «a, Dorsal view of male. b, Right mandible. c, Tip of left mandible. d, First maxilla. e, Maxilliped. jf, Upper lip. g, Second antenna. Ah, First an- tenna. 7, First leg. j, First pleopod. k, Second pleopod. J, Third pleopod. m, Fourth pleopod. n, Fifth pleopod. 0, Uinta OC eee rae Sigs ae See gee nee Oe yt let rect 698 740.—Brackenridgia cavernarum (After Ulrich). a, Dorsal view. 0b, Sec- ond antenna. c, Last abdominal segment with uropods. d, Max- illiped. e, Thoracie leg. f, Claw. g, One of uropoda. h, First TOD UNI cea oes VCMT eRe soe cee ey eite ee een es ST 700 A MONOGRAPH ON THE ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. By Harriet RicHarpDson, Collaborator, Division of Marine Invertebrates. INTRODUCTION. In the preparation of the present monograph my purpose has been to give descriptions and figures of all the species of isopodous crus- tacea, marine, terrestrial, and fresh-water, known to North America, with synopses, so as to assist the student in the identification of each species. The descriptions are made as concise and as nearly uniform as possible. The original descriptions have been prepared primarily from specimens in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, but have been supplemented by specimens from other museums. The collection from the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard Uni- versity, for the examination of which I am indebted to Prof. Walter Faxon; the collection in the Peabody Museum of Yale University, which I obtained through the courtesy of Prof. A. E. Verrill; the col- lection from the American Museum of Natural History, kindly loaned me by Prof. W. M. Wheeler; the collection from the University of Pennsylvania, which I obtained through the kindness of Dr. Philip P. Calvert and Dr. J. Perey Moore; the collection from the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, including Say’s valuable types, loaned to me by Doctor Pilsbry; the collection from the University of California, kindly sent by Dr. William E. Ritter, and specimens from the University of Cincinnati, obtained through the kindness of Prof. Joshua Lindahl, have been of great assistance in the preparation of this work. In addition to these valuable sources, specimens have also been sent me by Dr. Carl Eigenmann, of the University of Indiana, by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, the U. 8. Department of Agriculture, and various others. A large number of the North American species described are not represented in the museums of this country. The descriptions of these forms are quoted from various sources, the original description being given in some cases—in other cases a later description by another author, where the description seemed better. Where the descriptions are quoted, I have not seen or examined any specimens. 28589—05 if it 2 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Synopses are given for the superfamilies, families, genera, and spe- cies. In some cases the synopses do not differ from those which I have previously published for this group. A number of them, how- ever, have been modified. As stated heretofore in previous papers, the synopses of other authors have been used partly or entirely when possible. All the available sources have been investigated and the work of others introduced with few and only necessary changes, in order to adapt it to the material at hand. Schicedte and Meinert’s keys for the Cymothoide and the Aigide, Hansen’s keys for the Cirolanide and Exocorallanide, Budde-Lund’s keys for the Oniscide and Armadillidide, Stebbing’s keys for the Anthuride and the Tan- aide, Benedict’s keys for the genus Synzdotea and the genus Arcturus have been adapted or followed to a great extent. New species intro- duced into the keys have also caused many modifications. The works of G. O. Sars have been of great service in obtaining definitions of families and genera for use in the synopses and for diagnoses. The geographical range included in the present paper is the Atlantic coast of North America to Panama, including Greenland, the West Indies, the Bahamas, and the Bermudas; the Pacific coast of North America to Panama, including Alaska; the fresh-water bodies in North America, and all the territory north of the Isthmus of Panama. Most of the illustrations are original, but in many cases the figures of various authors have been reproduced, and due acknowledgments have been recorded in the text in every case. I take pleasure, how- ever, in a collective expression of my thanks and obligations to each and all of the authors whose valuable monographs and memoirs have been utilized in this connection. THE ISOPODA. The body is dorso-ventrally flattened, and is divided into three parts— a head, a thorax composed of seven segments, and an abdomen of six segments. One or two of the segments of the thorax may be united with the head. The head appendages are two pairs of antenne, a pair of maxillipeds, two pairs of maxille, and a pair of mandibles. The maxillipeds are often provided with an epignath on the outside. In the parasitic forms the mouth parts are strongly modified, some of the parts having entirely disappeared. The eyes which are usually present are paired, sessile and compound, sometimes contiguous, sometimes distant. The appendages of the thorax are seven pairs of legs; the last pair are sometimes wanting. The legs are of uniform structure and appearance in the terrestrial forms, but in a large number of forms the first pair, and even the second, third, and fourth pairs differ con- spicuously in structure, length, and function from the succeeding pairs. There are six pairs of abdominal appendages, usually five pairs of pleopods and a pair of uropods. The pleopoda are in some cases ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 3 natatory, but their function is respiratory for the most part. Some or all of the segments of the abdomen may be united. The telson is very rarely free. Marsupial plates are developed in the female, forming an incubatory pouch. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE TRIBES OR SUPERFAMILIES OF NORTH AMERICAN ISOPODA.4@ a. Legs of first pair cheliform. Uropoda terminal. Pleopoda, when distinctly developed, exclusively natatory--.--..---- I. TANAIOIDEA or CHELIFERA a. Legs of first pair not cheliform. 6. Uropoda lateral. c. Uropoda forming together with the terminal segment of the abdomen a caudal fan. Pleopoda for the most part natatory. II. CYMOTHOIDEA or FLABELLIFERA ce’. Uropoda valvye-like, inflexed, arching over the pleopoda, which to a great extent are branchial...........-- III. IDOTHEOIDEA or VALVIFERA b’. Uropoda terminal. c. Pleopoda not fitted for air breathing, exclusively branchial. d. Pleopoda generally covered by a thin opercular plate (the modified first Oa) aye eLECsTOLMS meas sete ee ce IV. ASELLOIDEA or ASELLOTA d’. Pleopoda never covered by an opercular plate. Parasitic forms. V. BOPYROIDEA or EPICARIDEA c’. Pleopoda fitted for air breathing.-..-.---------- fees VI. ONISCOIDEA I FANAIOIDEA or CHELIFERA.? Head fused with the first and sometimes with the second segment of the thorax to form a carapace. Branchial cavity on each side of cara- pace. Following five or six segments of thorax distinctly defined with epimera small or inconspicuous. Uropoda terminal, consisting of a short basal segment and one or two filamentary branches. First pair of legs terminate in a cheliform hand. Abdomen generally composed of six segments, usually dis- tinct. First pair of antennz furnished with one or two flagella. First maxille have a backward directed palp, situated in the posterior part of the carapace. Maxillipeds have a four-jointed palp, and a large backward directed branchial epignath, which passes into the branchial cavity. Pleopoda, when present, natatory. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF TANAIOIDEA OR CHELIFERA. - a. Body scarcely attennuated behind. Mandibles without palp. Superior or first pair of antennze with one flagellum (never two), which is sometimes absent, usually rudimentary, rarely well developed in female, and multiarticulate in male. Anterior maxillee with only a single masticatory lobe and a one-jointed palp; posterior ones quite rudimentary. Second pair of legs ambulatory in character. Epignath of maxillipeds narrow, falciform - -- - - Family I. Tansaipx “Sar’s analytic key has been used with slight modifications. See his An Account of the Crustacea of Norway, II. Isopoda, 1899, p. 3. »See Sars’ Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 4, 5, and Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool, Soc. London, XII, 1886, pp. 78-79, for characters of superfamily. 4 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. a’. Body narrow, produced, depressed. Mandibles with a three-jointed palp. Superior or first pair of antennse with two multiarticulate flagella. Anterior maxillze with two masticatory lobes and a two-jointed palp; posterior ones well developed and setose. Second pair of legs with a large, broad, flat hand. Epignath of maxillipeds large, laminar, branchial in character. Family Il. Apsruprpa Family I. TANAID.¢ Body scarcely attenuated behind. First pair of antennz simple, without any secondary filament or flagellum. Single flagellum some- times absent, and generally rudimentary, rarely well developed in female, and multiarticulate in male. Second antenne without a scale; flagellum usually rudimentary, rarely well-developed. Mandibles without palp. Second maxille represented by minute rudimentary lobes. Anterior maxille with only a single masticatory lobe. Epig- nath of maxillipeds narrow, falciform. Second pair of legs not differ- ing from the following pereopods. Gnathopods never furnished with palps or exopods. Pleopods with branches uniarticulate. Uropoda simple or furnished with two short filaments. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF TANAID#. a. Less than five pairs of pleopoda present. Uropoda simple, short, single-branched. Eyes present. b. Only two pairs of pleopoda present. Abdomen composed of three segments. Uropoda composed of only two articles. ....-.-.--- Genus Pancolus Richardson b’. Only three pairs ef pleopoda present. Abdomen composed of five to six seg- ments. Uropoda composed of three to seven articles. Genus Tanais Audouin and Edwards a’. Five pairs of pleopoda present. Uropoda double-branched. b. Incubatory pouch formed only by two lamelle issuing from bases of fourth pair of legs 4 Sas cca et eens Se ee oe eee Genus Cryptocope Sars b’. Incubatory pouch normal. c. Inner branch of uropoda 2-3 jointed. Pleopoda in female very small, or rudiumentaryic os. sb: ase oe ae ee eee pe oer eee Genus Leptognathia Sars c’. Inner branch of uropoda more than 2-3 jointed. Pleopoda well developed. d. Gnathopods in male imperfectly chelate, without any finger, or with finger very short ‘and mmovabless cas ossne eee eee Genus Heterotanais Sars d’, Gnathopods in male with chelee fully developed. e. Gnathopods in male very much elongated, with carpus attenuated, hand very large, oblong, fingers elongate and curved; immovable one strongly tuberculate within. Thoracic appendages not specialized into an ante- rior-and a posterior series.....2...0-.2..22.-. Genus Leptochelia Dana e’. Gnathopods in male with chelze very stout, the distal section of the . penultimate joint extremely broad, with a toothed margin. Thoracic appendages specialized into an anterior and a posterior series. Genus Neotanais Beddard «See Sars’ Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 10, 11, and Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 1886, XII, pp. 102-103, for characters given below. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5 1. Genus PANCOLUS Richardson. Eyes present, distinct. First pair of antennz composed of three articles. Second pair of antennee composed of five articles. First thoracic segment permanently united with the head to form a cara- pace. The following six segments are free and distinctly separated. The abdomen is composed of only three segments, two segments anterior to the terminal segment. There are but two pairs of well- developed pleopoda. The uropoda are single branched and consist of a peduncle and a branch composed of a single article. The first pair of legs are chelate. All the following six pairs are ambulatory. PANCOLUS CALIFORNIENSIS Richardson. Pancolus californiensis RicHARDSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VIII, 1905, pp. 367-369. Locality.—Monterey Bay, California. Body narrow, elongate, 5 mm. long, and almost 14 mm. wide. Head as wide as long, 1} mm. : 1} mm., with the anterior margin somewhat triangular between the eyes, which are placed in the a. b. Fic. 1.—PANCOLUS Fic. 2.—PANCOLUS CALIFORNIENSIS. FIG. 3.—PANCOLUS CALIFORNIENSIS. 4, CALIFORNIENSIS. FIRST GNATHOPOD, x 20. FIRST ANTENNA. X 44. 0b,SECOND AN- Se9: TENNA. xX 44, extreme antero-lateral angles. The head anteriorly is about half as wide as it is posteriorly. The first pair of antenne have the first article large and robust, about half as wide as long; the second article is half as long as the first; the third is a little shorter than the second and terminates in a bunch of hairs. The second pair of antennx are shorter than the first, reaching only to the end of the second article of the first pair of antenne. The first article is longest, being three times longer than the second; the third is about twice as long as the 6 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. second; the fourth is more than one and a half times longer than the second; the fifth is minute and terminates in a bunch of hairs. The first segment of the thorax is coalesced with the head to form a carapace. ‘The second or first free segment is a little shorter than any of those following. The third and fourth or second and third free segments are subequal; the last three are subequal, and each i is a little longer than either of the two preceding segments. | OE Fig. 6.—PANCO- ci LUS CALIFORNI- : Fig. 4.—PANCOLUS CALI- Fig. 5.—PANCOLUSCAL- ENSIS. Epig- FIG. 7.—PANCOLUS CAL- FORNIENSIS. MANDIBLE. IFORNIENSIS. MAX- NATH OF MAX- IFORNIENSIS. POSTE- x 44, ILLIPED. x 44. ILLIPED. xX 44. RIOR LIP. xX 44. The abdomen is composed of three segments, two short ones followed by the terminal segment, which is rounded posteriorly. The uropoda are single branched. The peduncle is short. The branch consists of a single article, tipped with long hairs. There are but two pairs of well-developed pleopoda. Fic. 8.— PaNnco- Fig. 9.—PANCOLUS CAL- Fic. 10.—PANCOLUS CAL- LUS CALIFORNI- IFORNIENSIS. FIRST IFORNIENSIS. SECOND ENSIS. FIRST PLEOPOD. x 44. PLEOPOD. x 44. MAXILLA. X44, The first pair of legs or gnathopods are chelate. The second pair of legs are long and feeble, and similar to those following, which are ambulatory, but more robust. The dactyli in the last three pairs are curved. Six specimens of this species were collected by Mr. Harold Heath at Monterey Bay, California. The types are in the U. S. National Museum. Cat. No. 30614, U.S.N.M: ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. iC 2. Genus TANAIS Audouin and Edwards. Eyes present and well developed. Abdomen composed of five or six segments. Only three pairs of pleopoda present, all fully devel- oped. Uropoda simple, single-branched. Incubatory pouch formed of two lamelle issuing from the base of the fifth pair of legs. Man- dibles strong with the molar expansion well developed. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS TANAIS. a. Pereiopoda having the first three joints short and broad, affixed to the sides of the pereion like plates of mail. Inferior antennze scarcely half the length of the AMPEIIOR ANUCMNGSs 2 3e-o Soc.2 Oe dhe Soci c's So Soe eete 3's" Tanais loricatus Spence Bate a’. Pereiopoda with joints not dilated, slender. First and second antenne of nearly equal length. b. Abdomen composed of five segments. ce. Uropoda composed of three articles, a basal article, and a bi-articulate branch. First and second abdominal segments with transverse setiferous bands. Tanais cavoliniti Milne Edwards ce’, Uropoda composed of seven articles, a basal article, and a branch composed of six articles. First and second segments of abdomen without setiferous DATNG Shee sees sees oe ens oe ee oye aerate Tanais alascensis Richardson b/. Abdomen composed of six segments. c. Uropoda composed of four articles, the peduncle, and a branch composed of three articles. Body robust. Last three segments of abdomen not abruptly narrower than three preceding segments. Posterior end of head about two and a half times wider than anterior end. First pair of legs with chelee strong and powerful, the dactylus strongly arched, finger and thumb widely Beparatedsim-malers ccc stance - eles Patcisecielee wcect Tanais robustus Moore c’. Uropoda composed of six articles, the peduncle, and a branch composed of five articles. Body narrow, elongate. Last three segments of abdomen abruptly narrower than three preceding segments, about half as wide. Posterior end of head not greatly wider than anterior end. First pair of legs with finger and thumb not widely separated. Tanais normani Richardson TANAIS LORICATUS Spence Bate. Tanais loricatus SpENcE Bate, Lord’s Naturalist in British Columbia, II, 1866, p. 282.—RicnHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 819; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 159; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 210. Locality. —Esquimault Harbor, British Columbia. Found in the hollow of « sponge. **Exemplum imperfectum; inferiores antennas semi-breviores quam superiores habens; gnathopodum primi paris propoda ovata dactylo breve et tumido; periopodum primis tribus articulis brevibus et. latis sunt, loricis ad pereionem adherentibus. **The only specimen in the collection is imperfect. The first seg- ment of the pereion appears to be imperfectly fused with the cephalon; inferior antenne scarcely half the length of the superior. First pair of gnathopoda having the propodus ovate; dactylos short and tumid, shorter and less pointed than the digital process of the propodos. 8 BULLETIN 54, UNITED. STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Periopoda having the first three joints short and broad, being affixed to the side of the pereion like plates of mail (hence the specific name); they terminate in short, pointed dactyli, and have the propodi armed with two lateral rows of strong, black, pointed teeth. ‘*This species was taken from the hollow of a sponge dredged in Esquimault Harbor, at the depth of about ten fathoms.”—SPENCE Bate. TANAIS CAVOLINII? Milne Edwards. Tanais cavolinii MILNE Enwarps, in Audouin and Milne Edwards Précis d’ Ento- mologie, I, 1829, pl. xxrx, fig. 1; Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 141, pl. KEK, fig: 6. Tanais tomentosus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskrift, IV, 1842, p. 183. Crossurus vittatus RatHKE, Nova Acta Academize Ceesareze Leopoldino-Carolinze Nature Curiosorum, XX, 1843, p. 39, pl. 1, figs. 1-7. Tanais tomentosus Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskrift (2), II, 1847, p. 412; Voy. en Scand., Crust., 1849, pl. xxvu, figs. 2 a-q.—LILLJEBORG, Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forh., Arg., VIII, 1851, p. 23. Tanais hirticaudatus Barr, Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1860, p. 224, 1861. Tanais vittatus LitusjEBorG, Upsala Uniy. Arsskr., Math. og Natury., I, 1865, pp. 29-30.—Bate and Westwoop, Brit. Sess. Crust., I, 1866, p. 125.—Srepsine, Trans. Devon. Assoc., 1874, p. 7.—McDonatp, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2), I (Zoology), p. 67, pl. xv.—Srespine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XVII, 1876, p. 78; Trans. Devon. Assoc., 1879, p. 6.—Harcrr, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 162; Report U. 8S. Fish Comm., 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 418-419, pl. xi, figs. 81-82. Tanais tomentosus Sars, Archiv. for Math. og Naturvid., 1882, pp. 22-23.—Scorr, Ann. Scottish Nat. Hist., 1898, pp. 218-219.—G. O. Sars, Crust. Norway, II, 1899, p. 12, pl. v. Tanais cavolinii Doturus, Bull. Soe. Zool. France, XXII, 1897, p. 207; Mém. Soc. Zool. France, XI, 1898, p. 35.—Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), Il, 1899, pp. 332-333. (See Norman for synonymy. )—RicHARDson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 501; Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 278. Localities.—Noank, Connecticut; Long Island Sound; Greenland; Jastle Harbor, Bermudas, in dead coral; also west coast of Norway; British Isles; Bay of Fayal; West France; Azores; in the Atlantic at le Dumet, near Croisac; Guétharry; St. Jean de Luz; Hendaye; in the Mediterranean at Banyuls; Cette; Bandol; Cannes; Ile Rousse; Porto Vecchio; St. Eugéne; Lake of Bizerte; Sousse. Depth.—Occurs on piles and among alge and eel-grass (Harger.) 1-6 ft. (Verrill). Found in sponges, alge; on Pinna; on Balanus; on Laminaria; on oysters. Body elongate, four times longer than wide, 1 mm.: 4mm. Head about as wide at the base as it is long, 1 mm.: 1 mm., becoming grad- ually narrower from the base to the anterior end, where it is about @Lord’s Naturalist in British Columbia, II, 1866, p. 282. bSee Harger for more complete description of this form. | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 9g one-half mm. wide; the anterior margin is somewhat triangularly produced, with apex very obtuse. The eyes are small, composite, and situated at the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the basal article WG very long and about equal to two-thirds the \ 7k length of the head; the second article is half as a) V3 long as the first; the third is almost as long as ~ W/ . the second; the terminal article is minute. The WL Dee y first pair of antenne are about 1 mm. in length. XH be The second antenne have the first article long; | x { is) ee the second article is about half as long as the (meee first; the third is a little longer than the first; ne) the fourth is half as long as the third; the fifth Sie . article is minute. The second antenne are = = more slender and are shorter than the first pair, ae extending only to the end of the second article tf of the first pair. The maxillipeds have a palp n OL Tour articles. Lhe palp of the mandibles is; "1¢ 11-—T4N4% cavotrni E (AFTER HARGER). xX 8. wanting. The first segment of the thorax is united with the head to form a carapace. The second and third segments are subequal, and each is a little shorter than any of the four following, which are about equal in length. The abdomen is composed of five segments, four anterior to the terminal segment. The first two have a transverse row of long plu- mose hairs fringing the posterior margins. The fourth segment is —s N f a b C d e€ J Fig. 12.—TANAIS CAVOLINII. @, FIRST LEG. b, MAXILLIPED. c, FIRST ANTENNA. d, MANDIBLE. é, UROPOD. jf, SECOND ANTENNA. very short, not more than half as long as any of the three preceding segments. The terminal segment has the posterior margin obtusely pointed. The uropoda are composed of three articles, a basal article or peduncle and two others, which form a single branch. The second article of the single ramus is half as long as the first article. The first pair of legs are chelate; the other six pairs are ambulatory. There are three pairs of pleopoda. 10 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. TANAIS ALASCENSIS Richardson. Tanais alascensis RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 819-820; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 159-160; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 211. Locality.—Kyska Harbor, Alaska. Depth.—6-12 fathoms, in sand and mud. Body three and a half times longer than broad. Head large, narrowed anteriorly. Frontal margin almost straight. First pair of antenn short, stout, consisting of three joints, the first joint being the longest, and a rudimentary flagellum of two joints. Second pair of antennze more slender, a little longer, consisting of five articles, the first joint being longest, and a rudimentary flagellum of one joint. Eyes small and pedunculated. The first segment of the thorax is confluent with the head. The second, third, fourth, and fifth seg- ments increase slightly in length; the fifth and sixth are about equal; the seventh is not quite so long as the preceding one. The abdomen is composed of five segments, the first three of which are subequal; the fourth is short, about half as long as any of the others and also nar- rower; the terminal segment is as long as the two preceding ones together, and is rounded posteri- orly, with a slight median notch. The segments of the abdomen decrease in width gradually from the first to the terminal segment. The terminal filaments are seven-jointed—the pe- duncle forming the first arti- cle—and_ single-branched, and are furnished at their ex- tremities with a few long hairs. There are three pairs of pleopoda attached to the first three seements. Fic. 14.—TANAIS ALAS- CENSIS. a, DORSAL VIEW. xX 8. b, Last JOINTS OF LEG OF THE FIRST PAIR. The first pair of legs are stout and chelate; a b the propodus is produced into a strong im- Fig. 13—Tanais aascensis. movable finger, irregular in shape, having its a, FIRST ANTENNA. xX 39. 3D, SECOND ANTENNA. X 39. central portion raised and truncate on its upper surface, which is distinctly serrate. The dactylus is likewise serrate on its inner surface. The other legs are slender, with a gradual increase in stoutness. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 11 Color brown, marked in some specimens with a darker brown, and having oval patches of the darker color on the head. Kyska Harbor, Alaska; Dr. W. H. Dall, collector; depth, 6 to 12 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 22563, U.S.N.M. TANAIS ROBUSTUS Moore. Tanais robustus Moorr, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894, pp. 90-94, pl. v.— RicHarpson, American Naturalist, 1900, XXXIV, p. 211; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1901, p. 501. Locality.—New Jersey. Found *‘inhabiting minute tubes in the crevices between the scales of the turtle’s (Zhalassochelys caretta) carapace. When unmolested these little crustaceans could be seen crawling carefully about among their fellow voyagers or lying at the mouths of their domiciles with only the head and chele projecting; when disturbed they promptly retreated out of sight.”—Moorr. ‘It is quite robust for the family, being less than 33 times as long as broad. The carapace, which is the broadest portion of the body, is terminated anteriorly bya minute rostrum, whilst its posterior border is somewhat concave in the middle line. In front of the origin of the great gnathopods the lateral outline is strongly concave, but opposite the bases of these limbs it becomes swollen. When viewed dorsally, the carapace appears in general figure top-shaped. Two grooves, one on each side, indicate upon the dorsal surface the inner boundary of the branchial chamber. Behind the carapace the breadth of the body becomes gradually less with each successive segment. The fourth free segment of the person is the longest, slightiy exceeding the third, which is in turn longer than the fifth. **The pleon is composed of six distinct segments, of which the fourth and fifth are much shorter than the others and the sixth is terminated posteriorly by a blunt median projection. The body is constricted at the joints and the segmentation is distinctly marked. The dorsal surface is furnished laterally with a few sete, which on the first and second segments of the pleon form a short row on each side, but never form a transverse band crossing the segment. **The eyes and eye-lobes are large, the latter being let into deep recesses in the anterior lateral portion of the carapace. **The antennule consist of three joints, of which the basal one is somewhat longer than the other two combined. A small knob (rudi- mentary flagellum) terminates each. In the male the antennul usually about equal in length the carapace with the first free segment, but are sometimes considerably longer. In the female they are about equal to the carapace alone. 12 BULLETIN 54, UNITED: STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ‘*The antenne lie close beneath the antennule, by which they are slightly exceeded in length in both male and female. They are five- jointed, the fourth joint being the longest, slightly exceeding the second; the fifth, third, and first following in the order named, the last mentioned being very short. Each antenna is terminated by a densely setiferous rudimentary flagellum considerably longer than that of the antennules and sometimes imperfectly articulated. ‘*The mandibles are of the usual form, curved inward at the tip, where each bears a pair of horny teeth, shaped like the limbs of the letter U. Proximad of the middle a stout transverse column passes mediad bearing at its end an oval plate transversed by a series of par- allel ridges with deep grooves between. Under a high power each ridge appears to be broken up by shallow indentations into a series of rounded teeth. ‘The first maxille consist of a stout forwardly directed column and a posteriorly directed palpus, bearing at its end a brush of seven or eight long sete. The anterior ramus is stout and curved toward the median line, bearing at its tip a group of about eight stout, curved spines, each with two series of fine, apically directed denticuli. A brush of stiff sete lies near the base, and laterad of, the spines. A smaller group of spines lie on one face near the tip; these are not denticulate and lack the brown color of those in the apical group. ‘*The maxillipeds are adherent basally by means of short, stout hooks. The basal joints are prolonged on their anterior or oral aspects into plate-like processes, which are coupled together in the median line. Each basal joint bears a flattened palpus, consisting of four joints, the terminal three being furnished with long sete. The distal joint is strongly flexed on the penultimate. A somewhat falci- form branchial epipod is attached to the maxilliped at its base by means of a slender stalk. ‘‘The first gnathopods are strongly chelate in both sexes, but especially so in the males. The ‘thumb’ of the propodite is termi- nated by a horny tooth, and external to and just within this is a sharp- edged tubercle; the tooth of the dactylopodite bites between the two. Fig. 15, fand g, on page 13, show the gnathopods of male and female side by side, and give a better idea of their appearance than can be gained from a description. ‘*The limbs of the first free segment of the perzeon are long and slender, their terminal claws being but slightly curved. The two succeeding pairs are stouter, with the dactylopodite and claw shorter than in the first pair. The last three pairs are still stouter; the dactylopodite bears a strongly hooked claw with a comb-like series of minute, curved teeth on each side, and the distal end of the propodite bears a row of stout sete. All the limbs except those of the first free segment have the distal end of the carpopodite crowned with a VN Ui i S ; Ru NN Bo a, GENERAL FIGURE. b, SECOND ANTENNA. ¢, MAN- edi, Trp OF FIRST MAXILLA. h, FIRST PEREIO- Fic. 15.—TANAIS ROBUSTUS (AFTER MOORE). DIBLE. cl, DETAIL OF MANDIBLE. d, ANTERIOR (FIRST) MAXILLA. €, MAXILLIPED. f, FIRST GNATHOPOD OF MALE. g, FIRST GNATHOPOD OF FEMALE, pop. i, LAST PEREIOPOD. j, PLEOPOD. k, UROPOD, 14 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. few stout spines, some bifid, others serrulate. Only the anterior three segments of the pleon bear limbs (pleopods). Each of these consists of a flat basal piece (protopodite), to which are attached two one-jointed blades, furnished on their outer edges with long pinnate setae, the exopodite bearing about 35, the endopodite about 15. Both protopodite and endopodite bear a single stout seta on their inner edge. ‘“The last segment bears a pair of four-jointed setose limbs (uro- pods), the segments of which are cylindrical and increase in length from base to tip. The marsupia of the female are thin-walled pouches attached to the ventral wall of the sixth thoracic segment (fourth free segment). They increase in size with the development of the eggs and in some specimens extend over segments five to seven, to which, however, they are not attached. ‘*The largest specimens collected measure from rostrum to tip of pleon 4.7 mm. and in width 1.4mm. The ground color in alcoholic specimens is pale yellow. Upon the carapace this is heavily mottled with brownish pigment, excepting over about thirty elliptical and subelliptical areole symmetrically arranged toward the middle line. The dorsal surfaces of the chele are similarly marked. The portion of the body and the limbs behind the carapace are much paler, being usually concealed in the tubular dwelling.”—Moorkr.¢ The type specimens of this species were sent me from the University of Pennsylvania. As the bottle in which they were placed had been accidentally broken and the specimens allowed to dry up, they were not in a condition to redescribe, so I have quoted Doctor Moore’s description, which is very full and accurate. TANAIS NORMANI Richardson. Tanais normani RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VIIT, 1905, pp. 369-370. Locality.—Monterey Bay, California. Body narrow, elongate, 4 mm. long. : =? mm. wide. Head as wide as long, with the anterior margin triangulate between the eyes, which are situated at the extreme antero-lateral angles. The head is half as wide anteriorly as it is posteriorly. The eyes are small, but distinct. The first pair of antennee are composed of three articles, and have the first article longest, about two and a half times as long as wide; the second article is half as long as the first; the third is a little shorter than the second, and terminates in a bunch of long hairs. The second pair of antennz are composed of five articles and have the first article about three times as long as the second; the third is twice as long as the second; the fourth is one and a half times longer than the second; the fifth article is minute and terminates in a bunch of hairs. «Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894, pp. 90-94. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ' 15 The first segment of the thorax is united with the head to form a carapace. The second or first free segment is the shortest of all; the third and fourth or second and third free segments are nearly equal in length, the third being perhaps a little longer; the fifth and sixth or fourth and fifth free segments are subequal and are the longest; the sixth or seventh free segment is about equal in length to the third free segment. The abdomen is composed of six segments. The first three are sub- equal in length and carry on the ventral side three pairs of well- developed pleopoda. The two following segments are subequal, and each is about one-half as long as any of the three preceding segments and about one-half as wide, being abruptly narrower. These seg- ments do not carry pleopoda. There are thus only three pairs of & : Fig, 16.—TANAIS Fic. 17.—TANAIS NORMANI. FIRST Fic. 18.—TANAIS NORMANI. a, FIRST NORMANI. GNATHOPOD. x 44. ANTENNA. X44. 6b,SECOND ANTEN- < 111i. NA. X 44. pleopoda. The sixth or terminal segment is as wide as the two pre- ceding segments and is rounded posteriorly. The uropoda are single branched; the peduncle is followed by a five-articulate branch. The first pair of legs or gnathopods are chelate; the following six pairs of legs are ambulatory. Only three specimens of this species were collected by Mr. Harold Heath at Monterey Bay, California. The types are in the U. S. National Museum. Cat. No. 30615, WSN. M.: This species differs from 7anais alascensis Richardson in having the abdomen composed of six segments, while in 7. a/ascensis it is com- posed of five segments; in having the uropoda composed of a peduncle 16 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. and five articles, while in 7. a/ascensis the uropoda are composed of a peduncle and six articles; and in the smaller size of the specimens. It is named in honor of Rey. A. M. Norman, the distinguished carcinologist. 3. Genus. CRYPTOCOPE-Sarsie Eyes wanting. Abdomen composed of six segments. Pleopoda in female very small and rudimentary; those in the male well developed. Incubatory pouch formed of two lamelle issuing from the bases of the fourth pair of legs. Uropoda in female short, biramose, rami very unequal; those in male much more fully developed. First enathopods strong and similar in structure in both sexes. Mandibles well developed, with the cutting edge coarsely dentated, and having on the right mandible a rather large secondary lamella; molar expansion well defined. CRYPTOCOPE ARCTICA Hansen. Cryptocope arctica Hansen, Dijmphna-Togt. zool.-bot. Udb., 1887, p. 209, pl. xx1, fig. 4; Vidensk. Meddel. Fra. den Naturh. Foren. i Kjobh., 1887-88, p. 180, pl. vn, fig. 1-lc.—Sressinc, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), V, 1900, p. 12.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 211; Proe. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 502. Localities. Greenland; Kara Sea; latitude 72° 20’ north, longitude 59° 39’ west. Depth.—100-170 fathoms. Description of female.—The body is subeylindrical, about four and a half times longer than wide. The head becomes gradually narrower toward the front, with the anterior margin, somewhat pro- duced, the apex being obtuse. Eyes absent. The first pair of antenne are composed of four tapering articles, and are one- fourth shorter than the head; the basal article is two-fifths the Fig. 19.—CRYPTOCOPE ARCTICA (AFTER HANSEN). length of the antenne, is cylin- a drical when seen from the side— seen from above, gradually stouter toward the base; the second article is more than one-half times longer than the third and somewhat shorter than the fourth article. Each article is furnished with sete at the distal end of the external angle. The apex of the fourth article is furnished with numerous long sete. The second pair of antenne are slender, composed of five articles, and are somewhat shorter than the antennv of the first pair. “See Sars for characters of genus, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. LT The first three free segments of the thorax are ‘subequal; taken together, somewhat shorter than the head and twice as long as the fourth free segment. All the segments of the abdomen are pres- ent and visible. The last segment is taper- ing, widely rounded, and more than twice as wide as long. The first pair of legs are robust; the chele are more than half as short as the head; the fingers are a little shorter than the hand, the thumb serrate almost to the apex. The ambulatory legs are all subequal, slen- der. The pleopoda are very short, and fur- nished with a few short setze. The uropoda are very short, double- branched, both branches being composed of two articles, the inner branch being twice | 4, cayprocopE ARCTICA as long as the outer branch, and stouter. (AFTER HANSEN). a, ANTENNE The marsupium is composed of two large 0F F®MALE. D, UROPOD OF FE MALE. Cc, UROPOD OF MALE. d, lamelle issuing from the base of the fifth — ayxrerion parr or Bopy oF pair of legs.¢ MALE. (ENLARGED.) 4. Genus LEPTOGNATHIA Sars.? Eyes wanting. Pleopods in female small and sometimes wanting; those in male well developed. Abdomen composed of six segments. Uropoda usually biramous, sometimes apparently simple, the outer «The above description is adapted from the following description of Hansen’s: Femina.—Corpus subeylindricum, circiter quadruplo et dimidio longius quam latius. Secutum cephalothoracicum ad frontem versus sensim angustatum, margine anteriore aliquantum producto et apice obtuso. Segmenta tria libera anteriora inter se subsequalia, simul sumpta scuto cephalothoracico aliquanto breviora et segmento quarto libero duplo longiora. Segmenta caudze omnia manifesta; segmentum ulti- mum declive et valde rotundatum, plus duplo latius quam longius. Oculi nulli. Antenne primi paris quadriarticulate, anguste conicee; scuto cephalothoracico quarta parte breviores; articulus basalis duas quintas partes antennze explens, a latere visus cylindricus, pronus ad basin versus sensim incrassatus; articulus secundus articulo tertio plus quam dimidio longior et articulo quarto nonnihil brevior; articulus uterque seta in angulo exteriore apicali instructus; apex articuli quarti setis compluribus longis ornatus. Antenne secundi paris tenues, quinque-articulate, antennis primi paris nonnihil breviores. Pedes primi paris (chelipedes) robusti; chela scuto ceph- alothoracico plus quam dimidio brevior; digiti manu paulo breviores, pollice prope apicem serrato. Pedes gressorii omnes inter se subzequales, tenues. Pleopoda bre- vissima, setis nonnullis brevioribus instructa. Uropoda brevissima, biramea, ramis ambobus biarticulatis, ramo interno quam externo duplo longiore et crassiore. Mar- supium e laminis duabus magnis, ad pedes quinti paris affixis, formatum est. Long. 1.67 mm.—HanseEn, Dijmphna-Togt. zool.-bot. Udb., 1887, p. 209. >See Sars for characters of genus. 28589—05——2 18 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. branch not being distinctly defined from the peduncle, branches unequal, inner one larger and biarticulate, outer one composed of one or two articles. Incubatory pouch normal. Mandibles small and feeble in structure, cutting part narrow, molar expansion forming a thin acuminate lappet armed at the tip with a few small denticles. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LEPTOGNATHIA. a. In female the inner branch of the uropoda is twice as long as the outer. The second or first free segment of the thorax is about two-thirds as long as the third, which in turn is about equal to the fourth and fifth. Sixth and seventh segments progressively somewhat shorter. Propodus of first pair of legs less TrObUStthanzcanpusec es soe se sec eee ao eee Leptognathia ceca (Harger) a’. In female the inner branch of the uropoda is more than three times as long as the outer. The second or first free segment of the thorax is about the same size as the last one, both being shorter than the others. Propodus of the first pair of legs scarcely smaller than the carpus. ----.- Leptognathia longiremis (Lilljeborg) LEPTOGNATHIA CAECA (Harger). Paratanais ceca Harcrer, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), XV, 1878, p. 378. Leptochelia ceca HarGcER, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 164; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 427, 428; pl. x1, fig. 91. Leptognathia ceca Sars, Archiy for Math. og naturvid., 1882, p. 45.—Norman and SreBBING, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, p. 110.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, X X XIV, 1900, p. 211; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 502. Localities.—Massachusetts Bay, off Salem; Provincetown, Massa- chusetts. Depth.—Surface to 48 fathoms in soft mud. “This species is at once recognized among our Tanaids by the absence of eyes. The en- larged chelate claws joined to the united head and first thoracic segment, and the six-jointed pleon serve to distinguish it as belonging to the present genus. ‘Body slender, elongated, and rather loosely articulated; head narrow in front, not broader than the bases of the antennule; eyes wanting; Bea Fe acd eee antennulie distinctly four-jointed in the type speci- cxca (ArreR Harcer). Men, first segment forming less than half the e ee rapes oie length of the organ, second segment longer than < 50. ¢,URopop. x50. the third, last segment about as long as the sec- ond, slender, tapering, and tipped with sete; an- tenne attaining the tip of the third antennular segment. The first pair of legs are robust, but less so than in the preceding species (Lep- tochelia filum); they extend forward in the natural position about to the tips of the antennze; they have the basal segment subquadrate, the hand or propodus less robust than the carpus, with a serrated digital process; dactylus short. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 19 ‘*The second or first free thoracic segment is about two-thirds as long as the third; this in turn is about equal to the fourth and to the fifth segments, while the sixth and seventh segments are progressively somewhat shorter. The second pair of legs are scarcely more slender than the following pairs, and the basal segments are not curved around the base of the first pair. ‘**'The uropods are short and biramous; each ramus two-jointed. The outer ramus is more slender than the inner, half its length, and bears a long bristle at the tip. ‘**Length, 2.5 mm.; color, white.”—HarceEr.* LEPTOGNATHIA LONGIREMIS (Lilljeborg). Tanais longiremis LitusEBorG, Upsala Univ. Arsskr., Math. og Naturv., I, 1865, p. 23-25. Tanais islandicus G. O. Sars, Archiv for Math. og Natury., Christiania, II, 1877, p. 346. ' Leptognathia longiremis G. O. Sars, Archiy for Math. og Naturv., 1882, p. 41; Norwegian North Atlantic Expedition, 1876-1878, Crustacea, I, 1885, pp. 79-82, pl. vu, figs. 17-28; II, 1886, p. 26.—Hansen, Dijmphna-Toetets zoologisk-botanske Udbytte, 1887, p. 185; Vidensk. Meddel. fra den Naturh. Foren. i Kjobh., 1887-88, p. 179, pl. v1, figs. 9-9b. (See Hansen for-synonymy. )—Scorr, Ann. Scottish Nat. Hist., 1898, p. 220.—Sars, Crust. Norway, IJ, 1899, p. 27, pl. x1r.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 211; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 502.—AxEL Outin,” Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., XX VI, Afd. rv, No. 12, 1901, pp. 15-16. Localities. —Kekertak, Greenland; Scotland; Norway; Iceland; Den- mark; latitude 77° 9’ north, longitude 14° 40’ east, off Ice Islands; latitude 74° 35’ north, longitude 18° 23’ west, off Little Pendulum Island. Depth.—7T-200 fathoms; also shallow water. Found in soft gray clay, in sandy mud and alge. ‘*Body of female rather slender and elongated, more than seven times as long as it is broad; cephalosome about the length of the first two segments of mesosome combined, with the proximal half of uni- form breadth, the distal one abruptly attenuated; first free segment of mesosome about same size as the last one, both being shorter than the others; metasome well developed, exceeding in length the last two segments of mesosome combined, terminal segment nearly occupying «Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 427-428. >Hansen in Ohlin (Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., XX VI, Afd. rv, No. 12, 1901, pp. 16-17, footnote) considers Leptognathia longiremis Sars as distinct from Leptognathia longiremis (Lilljeborg). He proposes to call it Leptognathia sarsi and considers that it differs in having the last segment of the abdomen armed on each side with a small denticle, in having the basal part of the uropoda rather short, the inner branch long, composed of two articles, the other branch short, composed of two joints, the hand of the chelipeds dentated on the inferior margin. 20 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. one-third of the length of metasome, and armed on each side with a minute deflexed denticle. Body of male much broader than in female, being scarcely more than five times as long as it is broad; cephalosome rather broad in proportion to its length; all free seements both of mesosome and metasome of about equal length, the terminal one nar- rowly produced at the tip. Superior antenne in female gradually Fic. 22.—LEPTOGNATHIA LONGIREMIS (AFTER SARS). @, FIRST LEG OF FEMALE. 0b, SECOND ANTENNA OF FEMALE. ¢c, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. d, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. ¢€, FIRST ANTENNA OF FEMALE. jf, SEVENTH LEG OF FEMALE. g, SECOND LEG OF FEMALE. +t, MAXILLIPEDS. 7, ANTERIOR (FIRST OR INNER) MAXILLA. j, UROPOD OF FEMALE. k, MANDIBLE (RIGHT). J, LEFT MANDIBLE. m, PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. 7, FIRST LEG OF MALE. 0, FIRST ANTENNA OF MALE. p, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE, q, LATERAL VIEW OF MALE. 1, SECOND LEG OF MALE. s, UROPOD OF MALE. t, PLEOPOD OF MALE. wu, SECOND ANTENNA OF MALE. v, SEVENTH LEG OF MALE. tapering distally, basal joint about equaling in length the other three combined, second joint shorter than the outer two taken together; those in male attaining in length one-fourth of the body, the first two joints of the peduncle large and expanded, flagellum about the length of the peduncle, and having the two outer joints much longer than the ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ai other two. Chelipeds in female rather strong, with the hand consid- erably dilated, oval triangular in form, and scarcely smaller than the carpus, with a slight dentated crest in front at the insertion of the dactylus, the latter crested along the middle, thumb distinctly serrated at the end inside; those in male with the hand much narrower than in female, and furnished inside with a transverse row of about ten flat- tened spines increasing in length behind, fingers quite simple, pointed, the immovable one quite short. Uropoda in female attaining half the length of the metasome, both rami biarticulate, the inner one more than three times as long as the outer, and tipped by rather long sete; inner ramus in male distinctly triarticulate. Length of female 3.75 mm., of male 2.55 mm.”—G. O. Sars. “ 8. Genus HETEROTANAIS Sars.) Eyes distinct. Abdomen with all six segments well defined. Pleo- poda normal, all five pairs present. Uropoda biramous, outer branch small, inner elongate and composed of four to five articles. Incu- batory pouch normal. First gnathopods in female normal, in male very different, being imperfectly chelate, thumb very short, or trans- formed to a posteriorly-pointing lappet. HETEROTANAIS LIMICOLA (Harger).¢ Paratanais limicola HAarcER, Am. Jour. Sci., (8) XV, 1878, p. 378. Leptochelia limicola Hararr, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 163; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, p. 424, pl. x1, figs. 87-88. Heterotanais limicola Sars, Archiv for Math. og Naturvid., 1882, p. 31.—NorMANn and Sreppine, Trans. Linn. Soe. London, XII, 1886, Pt. 4, p. 109.—HaANseEn, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening in Kj@ben- havn, 1887-1888, pp. 178-179.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 503. Localities.—Massachusetts Bay, off Salem; Godthaab, Greenland (Hansen). Depth.—Forty-eight fathoms in soft mud; 40-60 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, 2 mm. long and less than $ mm. wide. Head a little longer than wide, gradually becoming narrower from the base to the anterior end. Eyes ‘*‘ small and inconspicuous.” The first pair of antenne have the first article very long; the second article is only one-fourth as long as the first; the third is almost twice as long as the second. The second pair of antennz have the first two articles short and subequal; the third article is as long as the first two taken together; the fourth is about half as long as the third. The @ Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 27. bSee Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899. ¢See Harger for description of this form. 22 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. second pair of antenne are shorter than the first pair, not extending much beyond the end of the second article of the first pair. The first free segment of the thorax is a little shorter than any of those following. The second and third free segments are subequal, and each is a little longer than the first segment. The fourth and fifth free segments are subequal, and each is longer than either of the two preceding segments. The last free segment is shorter than either of the two preceding segments, and is about as long as the second and third segments. The abdomen is composed of six segments, five short, subequal ones anterior to the terminal seg- ment, which has the posterior margin rounded. é 2 ¢ Fic. 23.— HETEROTANAIS LIMICOLA (AFTER Fig. 24.—HETEROTANAIS LIMICOLA. ad, FIRST LEG OF HARGER). FEMALE, FEMALE. xX 77}. 6, FIRST ANTENNA. C, SECOND x 20. ANTENNA. X 773. The uropoda are double-branched. The inner branch is composed of five articles; the outer branch has two articles. The first pair of legs or gnathopods are chelate. All the other six pairs are ambulatory. The dactylus of the second pair of legs is longer than the propodus. There are five pairs of well-developed pleopoda. I have seen only one rather imperfect specimen. 6. Genus LEPTOCHELIA Dana.@ Gnathopods in male with chele fully developed, very much elon- gated; fingers elongate and curved, with immovable one strongly tuberculate within. Marsupium of female composed of eight large lamellae issuing from the first four free segments. Eyes present. Five pairs of pleopoda present. Uropoda double-branched; inner branch multiarticulate; outer branch composed of one or two articles. Gnathopods in female strong. First pair of antenne in female com- posed of three articles and a rudimentary flagellum. First antenne in male much more elongated and with a multiarticulate flagellum. « See Stebbing for characters of genus, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 1886, XII, p. 108. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 93 ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LEPTOCHELIA. a. Outer branch of uropoda composed of two articles. . Leptochelia forresti (Stebbing) a’. Outer branch of uropoda composed of one article. b. Inner branch of uropoda composed of six articles. . Leptochelia savignyi (Kreyer) b’. Inner branch of uropoda composed of less than six articles. c. Inner branch of uropoda composed of five articles. d. First pair of antennz in male with basal segment about one-third the length of organ, or about two-thirds as long as the body. Chelipeds in male with digital process of propodus armed with two teeth. Carpus extends to the extremity of basal article of first pair of antenna. Leptochelia dubia (Kroyer) d/, First antenne in male with basal article one-half the length of entire organ. Chelipeds in male with digital process armed with one low, obtuse tooth near the base and one more prominent one near the tip. Carpus of chelipeds more than half the length of the body, longer than the peduncle of the first antennee and about half as long as the body. Leptochelia rapax Harger ce’, Inner branch of uropoda composed of three or four joints. Leptochelia? filum (Stimpson) @ LEPTOCHELIA FORRESTI (Stebbing). Dolichochelia forresti Srepprnc, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), X VII, 1896, pp. 49-56. Leptochelia minuta Sresprnc, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), X VII, 1896, pp. 156-160.— RicHarpson, Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 503-504. Leptochelia forresti Sreppina, Willey’s Zool. Results, 1902, p. 615. Locality.—W est Indies. Depth.—Shallow water. ‘*The front margin of the head shield projects but slightly, forming a very obtuse angle, the corners being shallowly excavate for the ocular lobes. The part of the shield to which the first gnathopods (or chelipeds) are attached is wider than the front. The pleon at its base is as wide as the trunk, but narrows distally with a gentle curve; the sixth segment, which is very little longer than that preceding it, ends in an obtuse angle similar to that of the frontal margin. ‘The eye lobes have a convex outer margin and are not very sharply pointed in front. The pigment is black in the mounted specimen. ** Hirst antenne.—These are as long as the animal from the front of the head to the apex of the pleon. The first joint is dilated at the base, for the rest slender, its length forming two-fifths of the whole antenna. The second joint is rather less than three-fourths the length of the first. The third is a fifth of the length of the second, and so slender as to look like a part of the flagellum, among the eight the first one of these the branch is then three to four jointed. Nothing is known of the outer branch, but in the table I have placed it with those species in which the outer branch is one-jointed, as this is the case with the larger number of species in this genus. 24 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. joints of which the first is the shortest. The joints carry two or three set apiece, giving an appearance very unlike that produced by the conspicuous Sensory filaments in the adult males of Leptochelia and fleterotanais. Fig. 25.—LEPTOCHELIA FORRESTI (AFTER STEBBING), a, SECOND GNATHOPOD. b, FRONT OF HEAD WITH EYES. ¢, UPPER ANTENNA. d, THIRD LEG. e, FOURTH LEG. f, FIFTH LEG. 9, SIXTH LEG, h, SEVENTH LEG. 7, GENERAL FIGURE. j, LOWER ANTENNA, k, FIRST GNATHOPOD OF RIGHT SIDR, t, TERMINAL PORTION OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA, m, PLEOPOp. Second antenne.—The first three joints are very small, together not equal to the fourth, The fifth is two-thirds the length of the ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 25 fourth and is distally armed with a seta. The minute tubercle which represents the flagellum carries two sets. The whole antenne is shorter than the flagellum in the first pair. ** Kirst gnathopods.—These chelipeds are remarkable, both for the threatening gape of the chela and for their length, which is double that of the animal’s body. The second joint is the stoutest, yet not much dilated, a little longer than broad. The third joint is short, almost triangular. The fourth is of great length, narrowest near the base, and nowhere very wide. The fifth is still longer, with a curva- ture at its base, adapted for the folding together of these long slender joints; its narrow immovable digit forms less than half of the total length of the joint and ends in a sort of pointed claw over which three setules are distributed, another setule occupying a small prominence of the inner margin near the base of the claw. The movable finger is somewhat longer than the immovable one, slender, pointed, curved, with irregular margins. ** Second gnathopods.—As usual in this group, these are gnathopods only in name, and differ but slightly from the following ambulatory feet. They are scarcely, if at all, larger than the fifth perseopods, having the second joint narrower, but the fourth and fifth joints a little wider than is the case in that pair. ** Pereopods.—The general structure is the same inall. The second joint is the longest, in the last three pairs somewhat dilated. The third joint is very short, the fifth joint is a little longer than the fourth, and the sixth considerably longer than the fifth. There are some spinules about the distal end of the sixth joint. In the first and second pairs the finger is small, in the other three pairs it is nearly as long as in the second gnathopod. ** Pleopods.— All the five pairs are constructed as in Leptochelia. ** Uropods.—The peduncles are a little longer than broad. The inner branch has six joints, of which the first is the widest, the fourth the longest. The outer branch has two joints, together not equaling the length of the first joint of the inner branch. All the joints of the branches are setiferous. ** Length.—From head to tail the specimen measured less than a tenth of an inch. From an unmounted specimen with which Mr. Forrest has favored me since the above description was passed for press, it appears that the lateral margins of the head anteriorly are slightly concave; that the first three free segments of the person are very decidedly shorter and a little broader than the following three; that, viewed dorsally, there is a constriction between the third and fourth and between the fourth and fifth free segments, and that the first five segments of the pleon are slightly broader than the immediately preceding segments of the pereon. In both specimens the mouth parts appear to be in a very rudimentary condition.” —STEBBING.“ @ Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), X VII, 1896, pp. 49-56. 26 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. LEPTOCHELIA SAVIGNYI (Kroyer). Tanais savignyt Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskrift, IV, 1842, p. 168, pl. 1, figs. 1-12 (female). Tanais edwardsti Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskrift, IV, 1842, p. 181, pl. 1, figs. 138-19 (male). Leptochelia edwardsii Barr and Wrstwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crustacea, II, 1866, p. 184 (male). Tanais filum Harcer (not Stimpson), Report U. 8. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 1, 1873, p. 573 (male and female). Paratanais algicola HarGErR, Am. Journ. Sci. (8), XV, 1878, p. 377 (both sexes). Leptochelia algicola Harcer, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 162; Report U. 8S. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 421-423 (male and female). Paratanais savignyt Devacr, Arch. zool. expérim., 1881, p. 134, pl. x1, figs. 1-8 (female). Leptochelia savignyt Sars, Archiv. for Math. og Naturvid., 1882, p. 25. Leptochelia dubia Sars (not Kroyer), Archiv. for Math. og Naturvid., 1882, p. 26. Leptochelia savignyt G. O. Sars, Archiv. for Math. og Naturvid., Christiania, XI, 1886, p. 826, pl. 1x, figs. 4-8 (male and female). Leptochelia dubia Sars (not Krgyer), Archiy. for Math. og. Naturvid., Christiania, XI, 1886, p. 317, pls. x, x1 (male and female). Leptochelia savignyi Doturus, Mém. de la Soe. zool. de France, XI, 1898, pp. 40-43. Leptochelia algicola Dottrus Mém. de la Soc. zool. de France, XI, 1898, pp. 41-43. Leptochelia savignu Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), III, 1899, p. 333. Leptochelia savignyt RicHARDSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 503. Leptochelia dubia RicHarpson (not Krgyer), Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 504. Localities. —Provincetown, Massachusetts; Woods Hole, Massachu- setts; Vineyard Sound; Noank, Connecticut; Long Island Sound; Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey; also England; Belgrave Bay, Guern- sey; Sark; Jersey; Na- ples; Trieste; Spezia; Fig. 26.—LEPTOCHELIA SAVIGNYI (AFTER HARGER). MALE. Messina; Syracuse; At= < 20. lantic coast from Brit- tany to Senegal; Birterbuy Bay, Ireland; Falmouth Harbor; Valentia, Ireland; France; Azores; Mediterranean; Madeira. Depth.—Found on surface, among eelgrass and alge. There seems to be no sufficient reason for keeping Z. a/gicola Har- gerand L. savignyt (Kroyer) distinct. The female of LZ. algicola agrees with Kroyer’s description of Z. savégny? in having the inner branch of the uropoda six-jointed. The first pair of antenne are usually composed of three articles, but some specimens from Long Island Sound in the U. S. National Museum have the last articles of the first antenna sometimes divided into two articles. The male of L. algicola ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 27 Harger agrees with the male of Z. sawignyi described as L. edwardsit g Gny by Kroyer in having the first pair of antenns composed of eleven articles. Some of the specimens have the first antenna composed of only ten articles. Kroyer describes the uropoda as having the inner branch seven-jointed, but the speci- men sent to Professor Harger from Rey. A. M. Nor- man and labeled Z. edwards7i agreed with the speci- mens of Z. algicola in having the inner branch of the uropoda six-jointed. Dollfus points out that the two teeth on the propodus of the chelipeds are nearer together in the males of Z. algicola than in the males of Z. savigny?, but further states that this character may be due to a difference in the state of development, and not be of real specific value. Description of male.—Body narrow, elongated, 2 mm. long, + mm. wide. Head a little longer than wide, with the anterior portion narrower than the posterior portion. Eyes large, distinct. First pair of antenne greatly elon- gated. The basal article is very long and narrow, and is about equal to the length of the head. The second article is a little more than one-third as long Fig. 27.—LEPTOCHELIA SAVIGNYI (AFTER HARGER). FEMALE. < 20: as the basal article. The third is one-half as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of seven or eight articles. The second pair of antenne are short, and do not reach the extremity of the basal article of the first pair of antenne. The third and longer than the first. The fifth and sixth or fourth and fifth free segments are the longest and are subequal; they are nearly twice as long as the first seg- ment. The seventh or sixth free segment is shorter than Fic.28.—LEPTOCHELIASAVIGNYI. FEMALE. a, FIRST either of the two preceding seg- meg. >, FIRST ANTENNA. ¢, SECOND ANTENNA. ments and about equal in length to the third free segment. The abdomen is composed of six segments, five subequal ones ante- rior to the terminal segment, which posteriorly is triangular, with apex rounded. ‘There are five pairs of well-developed pleopoda. The d, UROPOD. x 772. The first segment of the tho- rax is coalesced with the head. The second or first free segment 5 is the shortest. fourth or second and third are subequal and each is a little ¢ d 28 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. uropoda are double branched, the inner branch being composed of six articles, the outer one being composed of one short article. The first pair of legs are greatly elongated and extend some distance in front of the head. The carpus is long and narrow and extends to the end of the basal article of the first pair of antenne. The propodus has the distal extremity produced in a long, narrow, strongly curved process or thumb, which is armed within on the inner side with two triangular processes or teeth. The dactylus is also long and narrow, strongly curved, and furnished with stiff hairs on the inner margin. All the other legs are ambulatory. Description of female.—Body narrow, elongate, about five times longer than wide, $ mm.: 23 mm. Head longer than wide, becoming gradually narrower from the base to the anterior end. The anterior margin is very slightly produced in an obtuse point. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated at the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antennee have the first article long and robust; the second is Jess than half as long as the first; the third is a little longer than the second. This article in some specimens is subdivided. The second pair of antenne are shorter than the first pair. The first article is long; the second article is less than half as long as the first; the third is twice as long as the second; the fourth is half as long as the third. The first segment of the thorax is united with the head to forma carapace. The following six segments are free. The first free seg- ment or second thoracic segment is a little shorter than the two fol- lowing, which are subequal. The fourth and fifth free segments or the fifth and sixth segments are a little longer than either of the two preceding ones. The last segment is a little shorter than any of the four preceding segments, but is as long as the first seement. The abdomen is composed of six segments, five short ones, subequal in length, anterior to the terminal segment, which has the posterior margin rounded. The uropoda are composed of a peduncle with two branches. The inner branch is composed of six articles. The outer branch has only one article. There are five pairs of well-developed pleopoda. The first pair of legs are chelate. The other six pairs are ambula- tory. The dactylus of the second pair of legs is longer than in those following, but is not as long as the propodus.@ LEPTOCHELIA DUBIA (Kréyer). Tanais dubius Krever, Nat. Tidsskrift, IV, 1842, p. 178, pl. 11. figs. 20-22. Leptochelia dubia RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 279. Leptochelia incerta Moore, Bull. U. 8S. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 2, XX, 1902, pp. 165-166. “See Harger for full description of this species. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 29 Localities.—Brazil (Kroyer); Bermudas, at Castle Harbor (Richard- son); Arroyo and Culebra, Porto Rico (Moore). Found in dead coral. This species seems to agree with Leptochelia savigny? (Kroyer), with the exception that both males and females have the inner branch of the uropoda composed of five articles instead of six. It seems best to keep this species distinct from Leptochelia savigny?, although they are hardly to be distinguished except for the difference C b a \ \ A Fic. 29.—LEPTOCHELIA DUBIA (AFTER MOORE). @, GENERAL FIGURE. X 14. b, FIRST ANTENNA. < 77. c, SECOND ANTENNA. X77. d, CHELA. X 77. €, CHELIPED. xX 33. jf, END OF SECOND LEG. x 77. g, UROPOD. xX 77. (Female). ~I 7 in the number of articles to the inner branch of the uropoda. The female of ZL. algicola has been placed in the synonymy of ZL. dubia by various authors, notably Sars and Norman, and I have also previously followed their example. Now, however, I am inclined to think, with Dollfus, that both the male and female of Z. a/gicola should be placed in the synonymy of LZ. savigny/, inasmuch as they both agree in hay- ing the inner branch of the uropoda six-jointed in both sexes, whereas L. dubia in both sexes has the inner branch of the uropoda composed of only five articles. 30 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. LEPTOCHELIA RAPAX Harger.@ Leptochelia rapax Hareer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 163; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 424-426, pl. x11, figs. 89, 90.—Sars, Archiv. for Math. og Naturvid., 1882, p. 28.—RicHarp- son, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 503; Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 279. Localities.—Annisquam, Massachusetts; and the Bermudas. Depth.—s ft. on muddy bottom; $ fathom. Lives in tubes. Body narrow, elongate, about four times as long as wide, 1 mm.: 4 mm. Head as wide as long, 1 mm.:1 mm., with the anterior margin between the eyes triangularly produced. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated on the produced antero- lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne are extremely long in the male; the first article is + mm. long, or longer than the head; the second article is one-half as long as the first; the third is one-half as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of seven articles. The second pair of antenn are very short and feeble as compared with the first antenne, and extend only half the length of the first article of the second antenne. The first article of the second antennz is about equal in length to the second; the third is a little shorter than the second, and is furnished with hairs at the tip. The first segment of the thorax is coalesced with the head. The six following free segments are about equal in length, with the exception of the Fic. 30.—Leprocuriia first, which is a little shorter than any of the others. ee The abdomen is composed of six segments, sub- GER). MALE. xX 12. a F equal in length, the last segment not having the lateral parts developed as in the five preceding segments. The urop- oda are double branched. The inner branch is composed of five arti- cles. The outer branch is composed of only one article. The peduncle of the uropoda is about as long as wide. ‘There are five pairs of well developed pleopoda attached to the first five segments of the abdomen. Between the uropoda and arising from the ventral side is a long narrow plate, probably attached to the fifth abdominal segment; it terminates in a rounded extremity. The first pair of legs in the male are very much elongated and extend a great distance in front of the head. The carpus is about half the length of the entire body; the propodus is as long as the carpus, the digital process being more than half the length of the carpus, and armed on the inner side near the base with a small triangular process «See Harger for more detailed description of this species. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. oe and near the distal end with a larger process; the dactylus is more than half the length of the propodus and is strongly curved. The six following pairs of legs are small and similar in shape, the dactylus in the second pair being only about twice as long as in any of the other five pairs. The dactylus in the last three pairs is more curved than in the three preceding pairs. In the female the first pair of antennz are not elongated; the second and third articles are subequal and each is about half as long as the first. There is no flagellum. The first pair of legs is not elongated; the second pair have the dactylus elongated as in the male. Fig. 31.—LEPTOCHELIA RAPAX. @, FIRST LEG OF MALE, X 27+, 6, FIRST LEG OF FEMALE. X i) a ep LEPTOCHELIA? FILUM (Stimpson). Tanais filum Srimpson, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p. 43.—HareeEr, Am. Jour. Sci., (8) XV, 1878, p. 378. Leptochelia filum Haraer, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 164; Report U. 8. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, p. 427.—Sars, Archiv for Math. og Naturvid., 1882, p. 28.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 504. ‘ Localities. —The Hake Bay, Grand Menan; Gulf of St. Lawrence. Depth.—Kight fathoms, on a sandy bottom; 20 fathoms among Ascidizx callose. a ‘*Very minute, slender, rounded on the back, white, looking very mucr like a short piece of thread. Head small, and rather nar- rowed in front; first thoracic segment of great length; the second half as long as the third, which is about equal in length with the fourth, fifth, and sixth; the seventh being a little shorter than the sixth. The segments of the abdomen are well defined, the first five equaling each other in length, and the terminal one longer than the fifth, but narrower, and rounded behind. Antenne short and thick, without flagella, with blunt tips crowned with few hairs, as are also their articulations. The inner ones are directed forward, and much the stoutest, especially toward their bases; while the outer ones are more slender and curve outward and backward. First pair of legs exceedingly thickened, with very large ovate hands and strong curved fingers. They are generally closely applied against the breast. The remaining thoracic feet are very slender, terminating in sharp, slender fingers, which in the second pair are very long and nearly straight, 32 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. and in the other pairs short. The legs of the posterior pair are a little the longest and thickest. The ambulatory feet, in five pairs, are of great length and resemble those of the Amphipods. The caudal stylets are in length about four-fifths that of the abdomen, and consist of four or five articles with few hairs, each article becoming narrower, the last one with a tuft of few hairs at its extremity. Length, .15 inch; breadth, .02.. Dredged among Ascidix callose in 20 fathoms in the Hake Bay.”—Stimpson.@ 7. Genus NEOTANAIS Beddard.? First pair of antenn (in the male) with a three-jointed peduncle and a flagellum of four joints. Second pair of antenne with a five- jointed peduncle and a short four-jointed flagellum. Chel fully developed and of normal structure in male. Exopodite of uropoda two-jointed; endopodite eight-jointed. Thoracic appendages special- ized into an anterior and posterior series; in the three anterior tho- racic appendages the distal joint is a simple, elongated, somewhat curved claw; in the posterior appendages this terminal joint is fur- nished at its extremity with a circlet of stout spines and a long, mesi- ally placed, slender hair. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS NEOTANAIS. a. Rostrum blunt. Ocular lobes minute but separate. .Neotanais americanus Beddard a’. Rostrum sharp. Ocular lobes not distinct. Neotanais hastiger (Norman and Stebbing) NEOTANAIS AMERICANUS Beddard. Neotanais americanus Bepparp, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1886, pp. 117-118; Chal- lenger Report, XVII, 1886, pp. 124-125, pl. xvi, figs. 4-6.—RicHARDson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 504. Localities. Southeast of New York; latitude 38° 34’ north, longi- tude, 72° 10’ west; and latitude 35° 39’ south, longitude 50° 47’ west. Depth.—1,240 fathoms. ‘*The present species is the only representative of this new genus. The specific as well as the generic characters depend upon the exam- ination of two male specimens, each of which measures about 6 mm. in length. ‘*The body is depressed and elongated, everywhere of approxi- mately the same diameter. It is smooth both dorsally and ventrally, with no hairs or spines. “The cephalothorax is pear-shaped, narrower anteriorly and wider posteriorly; it is about as long as the first two segments of the thorax “Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p. 43. bSee Beddard for characters of genus. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 33 taken together; the anterior margin terminates in the middle line in a very short, blunt rostrum; on either side of the shallow excavations which lodge the basal joints of the antennules are the minute but sep- arate ocular lobes; these are rounded, oval in front, the anterior end being pointed and prolonged; there is no trace of any ocular structures. The first free thoracic segment is shorter, rather more than half the length of the four succeeding segments, which are subequal; the last thoracic segment is shorter than the foregoing; each of these segments is rather narrower anteriorly where it articulates with the segment in front; the general shape of the segment is short, oblong, with rounded angles; this does not apply to the first or to the last free segment of the thorax, which are broader than they are long. ‘‘ The five anterior segments of the abdomen are equal in length and in diameter, only the first one being a trifle longer than the rest. ‘The terminal segment of the abdomen is longer and wider than the rest; it has a pair of lateral projections with which the uropoda articu- late; posteriorly it is rounded and a minute median triangular process projects from the extremity; on either side of this the posterior mar- gin of the abdomen is slightly concave. ‘‘The antennules are considerably stouter than the antennz: the peduncle has three joints, of which the proximal one is much the long- sst and stoutest; it is furnished with a tuft (three or four) of slender spines on the outer side, near to its articulation with the second joint; the second joint is about one-fourth of the length of the first, and like it has a tuft of slender spines occupying a similar position to those of the basal joint, and one slender hair-like spine upon the opposite side; the third joint of the peduncle is stouter again, with one or two short slender spies upon the inner as well as the outer margin just before its articulation with the flagellum; the latter consists of four joints, of which the first is very much the longest, as well as broader than the succeeding joints; each of the three distal joints is furnished with a single olfactory hair. ‘*The antenne are considerably more slender and shorter than the antennules; the peduncle consists of five joints; the basal joint is short and oval, much stouter than any of the succeeding joints, which are of equal thickness; the second joint is moderately long, the third stouter, the fourth and fifth subequal to each other and to the second joint; the flagellum has four joints which decrease gradually in diameter, the first being the widest; the first joint of the flagellum is also the long- est, the two middle ones are shorter and subequal, the fourth shorter still and provided at its extremity with a tuft of fine hairs. ~ **As the only specimen was mounted on a slide in Canada balsam it is impossible to describe in a detailed manner the mouth appendages, which do not appear, as far as could be seen, to present any marked differences from those of other species. 28589—05——3 34 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ** The chele are short and very stout; the second joint is particularly stout, as compared with the others; the third joint as usual is very small, a portion of the fourth coming to articulate directly with the second; in the fifth joint the palm is straight for the first half, the margin being fringed with fine, closely-set den- ticles; the distal half is furnished with blunt tooth-like processes, and is bent downward at an oblique angle; it terminates in a_ short pointed extremity which is bent upward; toward the distal extrem- ity are a few slender hairs scat- tered here and there; the finger gradually narrows toward its ter- mination in a curved pointed ex- tremity; the inner margin is pro- vided with a number of low tooth- like processes, each terminating in a sharp point which is directed forward. ‘*The remaining thoracic limbs are more or less similar to each other; there is no difference in size between the anterior and posterior series, but a slight differ- ence in structure; the proximal joint is very long, the second ex- tremely short; the third is about half the length of the proximal joint, the fourth and fifth are rather shorter and subequal; the terminal joint of the limb has the form of a long slender spine; the inner margin of the penultimate joint has a row of stout spines, of which the distal one or two are serrate; on the opposite side of the joint are a number of more slender Fic. 32.—NEOTANAIS AMERICANUS (AFTER BED- hair-like Se the antipenulti- DARD). @, SECOND ANTENNA. 0, GeNERan Mate joint has a similar structure, MESURE: but the spines are not so strong; the distal joints are nearly smooth, having only a very few slender hairs developed at the point of articulation with the succeeding joints. The above description applies to the first three pairs of ambulatory limbs. The fourth, fifth, and sixth pairs of thoracic appendages differ slightly in their structure from the anterior pairs; this differ- ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 35 ence mainly concerns the terminal joint of the limb, which is consid- erably more elongated than in the anterior appendages; it terminates in a fringe of short spines and mesially in a long slender spine which is of about half the length of the joint. **On the abdomen all the appendages are present, but they present no special features of interest, with the exception of the uropoda, which have a typical structure. ‘**The basal joint of the uropoda is very stout and long, and with it articulates the minute two-jointed exopodite, as well as the long slender endopodite, which is made up of eight separate joints, all of which have tufts of hairs near to their articulation with the succeeding joints. Both the endopodite and the exopodite end in a tuft of slender hairs; the length of the uropoda is nearly equal to that of the abdomen. ‘** Another example of this species was dredged in the North Atlan- tic from a depth of 1,250 fathoms; it presents certain slight differences from the above-described species; these differences have reference to the proportionate length of the thoracic segments. Seeing, however, that the two specimens come from widely distant localities, it appears to be unnecessary to found a specific distinction between the two indi- viduals, at least for the present. The present specimen is stouter and more robust than the last, but of equal length; the cephalothorax is nearly as long as the first three segments of the thorax taken together; the thoracic segments gradually increase in length up to the fourth; the fifth and sixth segments are subequal and about as long as the third.” —Brpparp.“ NEOTANAIS HASTIGER (Norman and Stebbing).? Alaotanais hastiger NoRMAN and Srepsrna, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 118, 114, pl. xxim, fig. 2.—Hansren, Videnskabelige Meddel- elser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kj@benhavn, 1887-1888, p. 178.— RicHarpson, American. Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 502. Locality.—Latitude 59° 11’ north, longitude 50° 25’ west. Depth.—1,750 fathoms. **This species comes very near to the last (V. serratispinosus). It differs from it in having the eye processes relatively larger, and in the massiveness of the hand and finger of the first gnathopods; in these organs all the parts are thickened and straightened without any pro- portionate increase in length. The effect of this is to make the inner edge of the thumb and finger overlap when closed all along the line, except for a small triangular space near the root of the thumb. The apade have the inner ee nine, the outer two- joer: pOnallenwer Ee aeee XVII, 1886, pp. 124 125, bStebbing says that w anne fon Alaotanais is a synonym of Neotanais. Hist. Crust., 1893, p. 324. 36 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ** But the characters which at once distinguished this species from all others known to us are to be found in the microscopic armature of the limbs. All the pereopods are everywhere beset with long, very slender spines, the whole of which, under high powers, are found to be covered with minute prickles. There are no toothed spines, such as are found in Alaotanais serratispinosus, the corresponding limb to which in A. Aastiger has the finger long, narrow, and curved, and sur- rounded by a series of long, very slender spines, which all have the character of being beset irregularly all around with little prickles. **The hinder perzeopods have a finger which, so far as we are aware, is absolutely unique in structure; the propodus is cleft at the end to some depth, the cleft portions are rounded at the extremities and cre- Fic. 33.—NEOTANAIS HASTIGER (AFTER NORMAN AND STEBBING). @,OUTLINE OF CARAPACE FROM ABOVE. b, ABDOMEN. ¢c, THUMB AND FINGER OF FIRST GNATHOPOD, d, LATERAL VIEW. €, SECOND PEROPOD. jf, PORTION OF CARAPACE, SEEN FROM THE SIDE. 9, LAST PERZOPOD (TERMINAL JOINTS). nated or serrulated; the finger articulates at the base of the cleft, and is exactly spear-shaped, with serrated edges. A comparison of the fifth pereeopod with the figures of the hinder perzeopods of A/aotanais serratispinosus (the fourth perreopod) will at once give characters suf- ficient to distinguish these species. **The carapace, seen from aboye, is much narrower in front than behind, and has a short rostrum; the sides are very flexuous, and pre- sent two constrictions. ‘*The telson is shield-shaped; the upper corners of the shield (that is, the sides of the base of the telson) are very protuberant. Length, 5 millimeters.” —NorMAN and STEBBING.“ ° «Trans, Zool. Soc., Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 118-114. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. B37 Family IJ. APSEUDIDZ.¢ Body attenuated behind. First pair of antenne with two unequal multiarticulate flagella. Second pair of antennze usually furnished with ascale at the end of the second article of the peduncle. Mandibles with palp. Anterior maxille with two masticatory lobes. Posterior max- illee well developed and setose. Epignath of maxillipeds large, lam- inar, branchial in character. Two anterior pairs of legs, usually provided at the base with minute, two-jointed exopods (exopodites). Second pair of legs fossorial in character. Uropoda double-branched; branches multiarticulate. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF APSEUDID. a. Second pair of antennze with a scale articulated to the end of the second article. Head and first thoracic segment coalesced. b. Exopods present on both pairs of gnathopods. c. Five pairs of pleopoda present, with branches uniarticulate. Abdomen com- DOSCCZOMSIXSSCOMONtSie = so-so aiae oa eens i= Sos Genus Apseudes Leach ce’, Only four pairs of .pleopoda present, with one of the branches two-jointed. Abdomen composed of six segments......-------- Genus Parapseudes Sars b’. Exopods absent on both pairs of gnathopods. Five pairs of pleopods present, in which one of the branches is two-jointed. Eyes absent. Genus Typhlapseudes Beddard a’. Second pair of antennze without a scale. Head and first two thoracic segments coalesced. Eyesabsent.........-.--- Genus Sphyrapus Norman and Stebbing 8. Genus APSEUDES Leaeh. Second antennx with a scale articulated to the end of the second article. Exopods present on both pairs of gnathopods. Five pairs of pleopoda present, in which the branches are uniarticulate. First pair of legs in male larger than in female. First pair of antenne usually alike in the two sexes. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS APSEUDES. a. Head with rostrum short, produced to a mere point. Body without spiny arma- ture. Flagellum of first antenna of same length as secondary filament. Apseudes espinosus Moore Ole Head with distinct rostrum. Body with spiny armature. Secondary appendage of first antenna shorter than flagellum. ). Basal article of peduncle of first antenna unarmed. Sécondary appendage of first antenna one-fourth as long as flagellum. Long spiny processes on either side of head, one pair at the place of fusion of the first thoracic segment with the head, the other pair anterior to these, being the produced outer angles of the ocular lobes. Last segment of abdomen with posterior margin slightly emarginate, a small lobe being placed in the center of the emargination. Apseudes gracilis Norman and Stebbing “See Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p.5, and Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool. Soe., London, XII, 1886, p. 79, for characters given below. 38 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. L’. Basal article of peduncle of first antenna armed with numerous spines. Sec- ondary appendage of first antenna about one-half as long as flagellum. No spines at side of head at place of fusion of first segment of thorax with the head. Ocular spines small. Last segment of abdomen with the posterior margin triangularly produced. c. Basal article of peduncle of first antenna armed with four spines on the inner lateral margin. Rostrum in form like a spear point, on either side of which is a small acute process within the ocular alee. Last thoracic segment with a ventral spine. Lateral margins of five anterior segments of abdo- men not produced in acute processes. ----- Apseudes triangulatus Richardson ¢. Basal article of peduncle of first antenna armed with three spines on the inner lateral margin. Rostrum produced in a long, acute deflected process, on either side of which the lateral margin is expanded and evenly curved. All six segments of thorax armed with ventral spines. Lateral margins of five anterior segments of abdomen produced in acute processes. Apseudes propinquus Richardson APSEUDES ESPINOSUS Moore. Apseudes espinosus Moor, Bull. U. 8. Fish Commission, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, pp. 164-165, pl. vu, figs. 1-6. Locality.—Porto Rico, off St. Thomas. Depth.—20 fathoms, in coral bottom. ‘**Cephalothorax short, less than length of first three segments of thorax, slightly wider than long; rostrum short, produced to a mere point; eyestalks short, projecting but slightly beyond sides of head. First three segments of thorax subequal to one another in length and breadth, approximately equal to head in breadth. Last three seg- ments narrower; fourth segment longer than segments two and three combined; fifth free segment about equal to them; sixth segment about three-fourths as long as fifth. Epimera of first three segments not evident, none of the segments with lateral spines; epimera of last three segments small, in dorsal view projecting slightly from beneath each segment near its articulation with its successor. Abdomen nar- rower than last segment of thorax, but not abruptly so; the first five segments equal in length and successively slightly narrower; collec- tively about as long as sixth thoracic segment; lateral margins rounded, somewhat produced posteriorly. Telson aboutas broadas long, slightly narrower than fifth segment of pleon, bilobate posteriorly. ‘**Peduncle of antennule as long as head, first joint stout, longer than other three joints combined, second joint not half as long as first, two following joints successively shorter; two flagella of equal length, and longer than peduncle, the outer somewhat shorter, with seventeen joints, inner flagellum with fifteen joints. ‘Antenne about two-thirds as long as antennules; peduncle short, consisting of five joints, first and second joints stout, second furnished with a scale beset with long sete, last three joints short. Flagellum about as long as flagella of antennule, consisting of thirteen setiferous joints. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 39 ‘* Mandibles stout, with a five-dentate cutting edge and a three-jointed palp. First maxille tipped with a number of brown spines. Maxilli- peds with a stout four-jointed palp, of which the second joint is very Fic. 34.—APSEUDES ESPINOSUS (AFTER MOooRE). a, URopop. b, FIRST LEG. Cc, GENERAL FIGURE. d, SEVENTH LEG. €, SECOND LEG. jf, CHELA. (ALL ENLARGED.) large and stout. Details in relation to the oral parts are not known, as there was but one specimen mounted in balsam and. not dissected. ‘The chelipeds in the females are long and slender, the fifth Joint being the longest and the second almost as long, but stouter. The 40 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. third joint is prolonged distally into a curved process furnished with five or six long hairs on the convex margin; the sixth joint, with the seventh, constituting a slender chela; no molar tubercles; curved mar- gin of ‘thumb’ of sixth joint with a row of slender bristles; a row of blunt spines on cutting edge. **The second pair of limbs have the joints stout and furnished with strong spines. The second joint or basis has five or six stout, curyed spines on its outer margin. It is longer than the other joints. The terminal claw is flanked on each side by a strong spine attached to sixth joint. There appear to be but five free joints to this and the follow- ing limbs, but this appearance may be due to defects in the mounting; following pairs of limbs more slender, the last pair having a second joint almost as long as all the rest, and with an oblique row of small spines near distal end of posterior face of sixth joint. ‘**There are tive pairs of pleopods with both branches one-jointed. ‘**Uropods biramous, the inner ramus with about fifty joints; outer ramus less than one-half as long, with about twenty-five joints. The joints of both are of irregular length. **One specimen, female, from station 6079, 20 fathoms, 6 mm. by 1.4 mm.”—Moore.“ APSEUDES GRACILIS Norman and Stebbing. Apseudes gracilis NoRMAN and Stepsina, Trans. Zool. Soc., Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 95-97, pl. xx.—Hansen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den natur- historiske Forening i Kj@benhayn, 1887-1888, p. 178.—RicHarpson, Ameri- can Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p- 905. Localities.—Davis Strait, latitude 59° 10’ north, longitude 50° 25’ west; also in the North Atlantic. Depth.—1,750 fathoms. **The carapace has the frontal margin produced into a long slender acute rostrum, which is half as long as the basal joint of the upper antenne, and has a bulbous process on each side at its origin; ocular processes or ale having their outer sides prolonged into an acute spine- like termination projecting forward and slightly outward. On each side of the carapace, at the junction of the first coalesced segment of the pereeon with the cephalon, there is another pair of spinous proc- esses closely assimilating in form to those of the ale just described. **The perzeon has the segments remarkably long, more produced than in any other known species, especially the last four; each segment hears a pair of lateral acute spinous processes, and in front of these a pair of small tubercles, while on the ventral surface there is a large acute curved spine near the hinder margin, and near the front margin asmall tubercle bearing two or three minute cilia. The epistoma is tumid, arched, carinate, and armed with a small spine near the mouth. « Bull. U.S. Fish Commission, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, pp. 164-165. Sn ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 41 “The pleon is of great length, the five front segments subequal, and each as long as the first free segment of the pereon; epimera A 7 SS vA, \s A FIG. 35.—APSEUDES GRACILIS (AFTER NORMAN AND STEBBING). a, UPPER ANTENNA. b, LATERAL VIEW. ¢, LOWER ANTENNA. d,SIDE VIEW OF MOUTH PARTS AND AN ABNORMALLY DEVELOPED FIRST GNATHOPOD. @€, MANDIBLE. jf, FIRST GNATHOPOD. g, ANTERIOR PART OF BODY, FROM ABOVE. h, FIFTH LEG. 7, PLEOPOD. Jj, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN. k, SECOND GNATHOPOD. only slightly produced, terminating in small spines, a central ventral spine on each segment; last segment as long as the preceding three, having a number of minute tubercles about it; termination slightly 49 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. emarginate, with a small, rounded projection occupying the center of the emargination. ‘‘Upper antennee with the basal joint moderately stout, a tactile seta halfway up the outer margin; second and third joints subequal, their combined length scarcely more than half that of the first joint; fil- ament consisting of about 17, secondary appendage of 4 articulations. Lower antennz reaching to the end of the peduncle of the upper; the scale smaller than usual, only reaching to the middle of the fourth joint, and bearing only four sete, two on the exterior margin and two apical, and none on the interior margin. ‘The first gnathopods are slender and weak, and without much character; wrist very long, two and a half times as long as meros, with many cilia on the front margin; hand with the basal portion slender, and scarcely wider than the wrist; thumb and finger long, without any tubercular processes on the inner margin, the distal portion of that of the thumb bearing a series of microscopic flattened teeth, and short, stiff, obtusely ending cilia; finger having about five short stumpy spine-like teeth just before the unguis commences. “Second gnathopods strongly built, basos naked; meros having the front margin ciliate, and bearing a distal spine, upper margin with a distal bunch of cilia; wrist unusually short, scarcely more than half the length of meros, above with many cilia and a large distal spine, below with four cilia and two or three spines; hand widely ovate, rather longer than the wrist, upper margin with two spines and a few cilia; palm closely set all round with ten stout spines, but no cilia; all the spines of the limb are stout, but quite simple in character; finger strong, with four denticulations on the margin. ‘‘Last pereeopods slender, basos naked, the three succeeding joints having one or two minute cilia on the front margin, except that the carpus (which is slightly longer than the meros and hand, which are subequal to each other) has a long slender distal spine on the front; hand with a distal spine above and two slender spines on the palm, and passing obliquely across the last half of the joint, commencing beyond the middle of the palm and terminating at the upper margin of the origin of the finger, is a pectinated series of lancet-shaped spines, of which the margins are apparently simple. Finger of most unusual length, half as long again as the hand, the unguis especially being very greatly produced. ‘** Pleopods greatly developed, the peduncle long. ‘*Uropods with one branch consisting of about 7, the other of 18, articulations. ‘The foregoing is a description of the females, one of which has incipient growths of the marsupial sac at the base of the second, third, fourth, and fifth pereeopods. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 43 ‘The males, which are known by the cylindro-columnar sexual organ situated between the last perseopods, where it takes the place of the ventral spine of the other sex, differ in having the lateral spines of the pereon-segments, and both epimeral and ventral b spines of the pleon, so much reduced in size as to become almost obsolete, while the ven- tral spines of the earlier seg- ments of the body are as large as in the female, and the hand ot the first legs is not more largely developed than in the other sex. All these points are contrary to what is usual, and not what might have been ex- pected to characterize the male. * * * Length half an inch.”— Norman and STEBBING. “ APSEUDES TRIANGULATUS Richardson. Apseudes triangulata RicHARDSON, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 280-281, pl. XXXvII, figs. 1-5. Locality. —Harrington Sound, Bermudas. Body narrow, elongated, sur- face smooth. Head with frontal margin produced at the middle ina ros- trum like a spear point, the sides of which near the base are excavated below the lateral expansion of the rostrum. On either sidé of the excavation thus formed the margin 1S Fic, 36.—APSEUDES TRIANGULATUS. a, SEGMENTS OF acutely produced in a small THORAX AND ABDOMEN. b, HEAD. X 35. c, SEG- A MENTS OF ABDOMEN AND PART OF UROPODA, d, anterior process. Lateral to Fist GNatHopop. ¢, SECOND GNATHOPOD. this process is the ocular proc- ess, which is produced anteriorly about the same distance. The eyes are distinct and black and occupy almost the whole surface of the ocular lobe. @Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 95-97 44 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first pair of antenne have the first joint of the peduncle long, the inner lateral margin of which is armed with three long spines and one small one; the outer margin, witb one large spine near the apex. The second joint is one-third the length of the first joint and is unarmed. The third joint is one-half as long as the second joint. The flagellum is composed of about fourteen joints; the secondary appendage of about seven joints. The peduncle of the second pair of antenne extends to the end of the first joint of the peduncle of the first pair, and has an exopod developed at the base of the third joint. The flagellum is composed of about ten joints, and extends about half the length of the flagellum of the first pair of antenne. There is a prominent spine on the epistome. The first free segment of the thorax is shortest, the two following ones being longer, the next two the longest, and the last but little longer than the first. The first segment is as wide as the head, the others decrease in width gradually. The antero-lateral margins of all the segments except the first are produced into one acute process, of the fourth and fifth free segments into two acute processes. The last segment bears a ventral spine. The abdominal segments gradually decrease in width backward. The sixth or terminal segment is produced on either side near the base into two acute processes. Beyond the last process the segment widens slightly for the attachment of the uropoda, and ends posteriorly in a triangular process. The uropoda are very long, the inner branch being half the length of the body, and composed of about twenty-five joints. The outer branch is composed of seven joints. First gnathopods with the upper distal margin of the propodus, finely serrate and armed with a tooth near the articulation of the dactylus. Second gnathopods have the merus armed with one spine at the distal extremity on the posteri or margin, and one on the anterior margin; the carpus armed with two spines on the posterior and one on the anterior margin at the distal extremity; the margin of the propodus armed with three spines on the posterior margin, and one large spine and one small one at the distal extremity on the anterior margin. The dactylus is serrate on the inner margin. Exopods are present on both first and second gnathopods. The other legs are beset with spines. The specimen is a female and has a large marsupium filled with eggs, extending the length of the first four free segments of the thorax. Only one individual was collected by Prof. A. E. Verrill and party, in Harrington Sound, Bermudas. Type specimen in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3192. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 45 APSEUDES PROPINQUUS Richardson. Apseudes propinquus Ricuarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 281-283, pl. xxxvul, figs. 6-9. Localities.—Bailey Bay and Castle Harbor, Bermudas; Gulf of Mexico. Found on surface. Body narrow, elongated, surface smooth. Head with frontal margin produced in the middle in a long, acute, deflected process, from base of which on both sides there is an abrupt lateral expansion, the margin forming an outward curve which extends to the base of the ocular lobe and then proceeds straight to the lateral margin of the head. Ocular lobe produced in an acute process. Eyes large, black, occupying the whole of the ocular lobe. First pair of antenne with first Joint of peduncle long, and armed on the inner lateral margin with two large spines and one small one near the base, and on distal end of outer margin with one large spine. Second joint less than one-third the length of first joint and unarmed. Third joint one-half as long as second joint. Flagellum composed of sixteen joints. Secondary appendage composed of eight joints. Second pair of antennee with an exopod at base of third joint of peduncle; flagellum composed of ten joints. There is a conspicuous spine on the epistome. First two free segments of the thorax about equal in length, the three following ones longer, increasing in length, the last segment a little longer than the first two. The antero-lateral margins of all the segments are acutely produced, those of the fourth and fifth free segments have two antero-lateral angulations. There is an anteriorly directed curved spine on the ventral surface of the first free segment. On the ventral surface of the second segment there is a straight spine directed posteriorly. The third, fourth, and tifth segments bear each a ventral curved spine directed anteriorly. The sixth segment has on the ventral surface a large, stout process. The lateral margins of all the first five abdominal segments are drawn out in acute processes. The terminal segment has two lateral angulations above the attach- ment of the uropoda. The posterior margin is triangulate. The inner branch of the uropoda is very long, equal in length to half the body, and is composed of thirty-four joints. The outer branch con- sists of eleven joints. The first gnathopods have a tooth on the distal margin of the pro- podus near the articulation of the dactylus. There is a conspicuous spine on the posterior margin of the basis. The second gnathopods have one spine at the distal end of the merus on the anterior margin; one spine at the distal end of the carpus on the anterior margin, and two spines on the posterior margin of the 46 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. same joint; four spines on the posterior margin of the propodus and two on the anterior margin at the distal extremity; the dactylus is serrate along the inner margin. Exopods are present on both first and second gnathopods. The other legs are beset with spines. A few specimens, both males and females, were collected by 6 ‘Prof. A. E. Verrill and party at Bailey Bay and Castle Har- bor, Bermudas, in 1898. Type specimen from the Bermudas is in the Peabody Museum, Yale University. vat. No. 3194. : This species is very closely related to Apseudes intermedius Hansen“ but differs in the fol- lowing points: 1. The first joint of the pe- duncle of the first pair of an- tenne is armed with three spines on the inner margin, a and one spine on the outer margin at the distal end. In A. intermedius this joint is unarmed. 2. In the increased number of joints in the flagella of both pairs of antenne, there being sixteen joints in the flagellum of the first pair of antenne, eight in the secondary append- age, and ten in the flagellum of the second pair of antenne, while in Doctor Hansen’s species the flagellum — of FIG. 37.—APSEUDES PROPINQUUS. a, HEAD. ), SEG- the first ye of nea MENTS OF THORAX AND ABDOMEN. ¢, LAST FOUR composed of seven Joints, Pra ee oct BODY AND PART OF UROPODA. d, FIRST the secondary appendage of three joints, and the flagellum of the second pair of antenne of four joints. 3. In the much greater length of the uropoda, the inner branch of which in A. propinguus is half the length of the body and composed of thirty-four joints, the outer branch consisting of eleven joints, “Jsopoden, Cumaceen, und Stomatopoden der Plankton-Expedition, 1895, p. 49-50, pl. v. fig. 10-10b; pl. v1, fig. 1. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 47 while in A. intermedius the outer branch has only four joints, and the inner branch is only twice the length of the terminal abdominal seg- ment and is composed of only fifteen joints. 9. Genus PARAPSEUDES Sars. Exopods present on both pairs of gnathopods. Only four pairs of pleopoda present, with one of the branches two-jointed. Second pair of antennz with a scale articulated to the end of the second article. PARAPSEUDES GOODEI Richardson. Parapseudes goodei RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences,. XI, 1902, pp. 283-284, pl. xxxvu, figs. 10-14. Locality.—Castle Harbor, Bermudas. | Fic. 38.—PARAPSEUDES GOODEI. «, GENERAL FIGURE. }), HEAD AND FIRST THORACIC SEGMENT. c, FIRST GNATHOPOD OF MALE, d, ABDOMEN WITH UROPODS AND LAST THORACIC SEGMENT. €, FIRST GNATHOPOD OF FEMALE Surface of body smooth; color light yellow. Head but slightly narrowed anteriorly. Eyes with large, brown ocelli and placed on ocular processes, articulated to the head. Frontal margin with a rostrum projecting between the basal joints of the first pair of antenne. The base of the rostrum is constricted, the anterior margin broadly rounded. The first pair of antenne have the peduncle short, the first joint twice as long as the second; the third half as long as the second; all three with margins smooth, unarmed, but fringed with long hairs. The flagellum consists of seven joints; the secondary appendage of four joints. The second pair of antennz extend only to the end of the peduncle of the first pair; the flagellum consists of five joints; a scale is articulated to the peduncle. 48 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first, second, and third free thoracic segments are about equal in length, the following three being longer than the first three, and subequal. The first and second segments have a’small epimeral lobe on the antero-lateral margin. The third segment has a small lobe about the center of the lateral margin. The lobes of the three follow- ing segments are situated post-laterally. The abdomen is very short; all the segments together not equaling in length the last two thoracic segments. The first five segments have the margins produced at the sides, with deep lateral incisions between the segments. The terminal segment is triangulate posteriorly with the apex acute. The uropoda are quite half the length of the body, the inner branch consisting of about twenty-five joints, the outer and smaller branch consisting of six joints. There are but four pairs of pleopoda. The first pair of legs in the female are much more slender than those of the male. In the male there is a deep excavation on the dis- tal margin of the propodus near the articulation of the dactylus, while in the female this excavation is comparatively small. In the male there is a spine within this excavation and one on the dactylus, botb situated at the articulation of the dactylus and the propodus. Exopods are present on both pairs of gnathopods. All the other legs are very spinulose. A few specimens (types) were collected by Prov. A. E. Verrill and party in 1898, at Castile Harbor, Bermudas, and one specimen was collected by Dr. G. Brown Goode at the Bermudas in 1876-77. Type in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3222. Named in honor of the late Dr. G. Brown Goode. This species has a close resemblance to Parapseudes latifrons (Grtibe), “ but differs in the following characters: in 7. goodei the first pair of gnathopods are more robust; the propodus has a deep excava- tion near the articulation of the dactylus, within which is a large spine. There is also a spine on the dactylus. The rostrum is constricted at the base in P. goode7, while in P. lati- Jrons the line is unbroken from the apex of the rostrum to the lateral margin of the head. The secondary appendage of the flagellum of the first antennz is composed of four joints in P. goodet while in P. latifrons this append- age is composed of seven joints. The flagellum of the second pair of antenne consists of five joints in P. goode7, while in Gritibe’s species it consists of eight joints. « Rhoéa latifrons Gribe, Die Insel Lussin tind ihre Meeresfauna, 1864, p. 75. Parapseudes latifrons G. O. Sars, Archiv for Math. og Naturvidenskab, XI, 1886, p. 304, pl. vin. nt | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 49 10. Genus TYPHLAPSEUDES Beddard.4 Eyes absent. No exopodite present on the first two pairs of thoracic appendages. All five pairs of pleopoda present. Abdomen composed of six distinct segments. Antenne with a rudimentary exopodite, consisting of a single long joint. _Pleopoda well developed, the exopo- dite bi-articulate. TYPHLAPSEUDES NEREUS Beddard. Typhlapseudes nereus BEpDARD, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1886, Pt. 1, p. 115; Report on the Scientific Results of the Expl. Voyage of H. M. 8. Challenger, Zool., X VII, 1886, pp. 112-113.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 505. Locality.—Ott Sombrero Island. Depth.—450 fathoms. ** This species is represented by a number of individuals dredged in the North Atlantic from a depth of 450 fathoms. The average length of the species is about 10 mm. The body is flattened and depressed, smooth, without any covering of hairs even on the abdomen; it is wider anteriorly and gradually narrows to the posterior extremity. **The head and the first segment of the thorax, which are of course fused together and form a cephalic shield, is flattened in front, but convex laterally and behind. The frontal margin projects as a short, sharp rostrum; behind the insertion of the antennary organs is a triangular ocular lobe pointed in front; it has no trace of any optic structures; behind this again is another shorter, triangular, pointed process; more posteriorly the lateral margins of the cephalic shield are convex outward. **The free thoracic segments diminish gradually in breadth, but increase in length up to the fifth; the sixth is not only narrower, but shorter than the fifth. They are all furnished with very minute epi- mera, those of the first segment are larger, and project anteriorly in the form of a short spine. The lateral margins of all but the first two segments are furnished with a short spine, very broad at its base, which is situated about halfway between the articulation of the limbs and the anterior margin of the segment. In the sixth (and last) seg- ment of the thorax this spine is almost obsolete. In the ventral surface of the thoracic segments is a median spine. ‘**In the female the first four of the free thoracic segments have ovigerous lamelle. Of the abdominal segments the first pair are subequal, but diminish gradually in breadth; they are furnished with small epimera, terminating in a pointed extremity and directed backward. “See Beddard for characters of genus. Challenger Report, X VII, 1886, pp. 111-112. 28589—05——4 5O BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. **The terminal segment of the abdomen equals in length any four of the anterior abdominal segments; it is cylindrical in form, becoming gradually wider toward the extremity; it terminates in a truncated straight posterior margin, and in the middle line in a short oval prolongation. ‘+ The antennules are stouter, as well as longer, than the antenne; they are about as long as the cephalothoracic shield and the first seg- ment of the thorax taken together. The basal joint is long and stout, the second joint is very much shorter, the third and fourth shorter still; from the last joint of the peduncle arise the two flagella, of which the outer is longer as well as stouter than the inner; the outer flagellum is made up of ten joints, of which the first is very much the longest; it diminishes gradually in width toward the extremity; the inner flagellum has four or five nar- row elongated joints. ‘*The antenne have a five- jointed peduncleanda flagellum about as long as the last two joints. The first joint of the peduncle is short, the second long, with a short, cylindrical, N . setose exopodite articulated at its extremity; the third joint is very short, the fourth and fifth long and subequal. i ‘**T have not had a sufticient f amount of material at my dis- posal to give an accurate ac- FIG. 39.—TYPHLAPSEUDES NEREUS (AFTER Bepparp). Ccountot the mouth appendages. **The chelee are not remark- able in any way except for the absence of an exopodite; they appear to be perfectly similar in both sexes, and agree very closely with those of the genus Sphyrapus (female), etc. The first joint is very much stouter than any of the succeeding joints; the second is short and nar- row and bears a spine on the inner side just before its articulation with the next joint, which is extremely minute and might easily be over- looked; it is wedged in between the second and third joints, and is only apparent on the inner side of the limb. The fourth joint is longer and stouter and has a number of hairs along the inner margin. The two fingers cross at their extremity; they are serrate along the margins which come in contact. \ ia X :\ < \ SY a ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 51 ‘The fossorial limbs, which form the second pair, are much longer and stouter than the succeeding abdominal limbs. The first joint is long and curved, the second is very minute, the third and fourth are subequal and rather less than one-half of the length of the basal joint; the first two joints have no spines, the third has a single strong spine onthe inner margin just before it articulates with the succeeding joint, and a tuft of hairs on the corresponding opposite side; the fourth joint has two strong spines on the inner and a single spine on the outer side, besides hairs and more slender spines; the fifth is shorter than either of the preceding, its inner margin is fringed with five stout spines, increasing in length toward the extremity of the joint, and two strong spines besides more slender ones on the outer side; the terminal joint of the limb is elongated and claw-like, toothed along the inner margin. These appendages like the preceding have no exopodite, and they do not differ in the two sexes to any appreciable extent. **The succeeding thoracic appendages are similar to each other and very much more slender than the preceding limbs; the proportionate length of the joints is, however, the same, the second being, as in the fossorial limbs, extremely minute. The spines with which the ter- minal joints of these limbs are ornamented are also more slender than those of the second pair of thoracic appendages. **The abdominal appendages, with the exception of the uropoda, are similar to each other: all the five pairs consist of an elongated basal joint and of two subequal, rather shorter setose rami; the exopo- dite is divided by a suture into two joints. ** The uropoda are short and biramose, with an elongated basal joint and two rami, the outer is the shorter. “Station 23, off Sombrero Island, March 15, 1873; latitude, 18° 24’ north, longitude, 63° 28’ west; depth, 450 fathoms; Pteropod ooze.” — BEDDARD.“ 11. Genus SPHYRAPUS Norman and Stebbing.? First two segments of thorax fused with the head to form a cara- pace. Eyesabsent. Second pair of antenn without scale. Exopods present on first two pairs of legs. Gnathopods in male with carpus and merus much more elongated than in female. Second pair of legs in male of extraordinary length. Pleopoda well developed, with both branches bi-articulate. Flagellum of first antennz in male with dense bunches of sensory hairs. «Challenger Report, X VII, 1886, pp. 112-113. bSee Sars’ Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 8-9, and Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool. Soe. London, XII, 1886, p. 97, for characters of genus. Sars says that only the first thoracic segment is fused with the head. 52 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. SPHYRAPUS MALLEOLUS Norman and Stebbing. Sphyrapus malleolus NORMAN and STEBBING, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XII, 1886, pp. 98-99, pl. xx11, figs. 2-3.—Bonnikgr, Ann. de |’ Univers. de Lyons, XX VI, 1896, p. 665, pl. xxx1, fig. 1.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 212; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus.,; XXIII, 1901, p. 505. Localities. South of Cape Farewell, Greenland; also latitude 39° 39’ north, longitude 9° 39’ west, off coast of Portugal; latitude 45° 57’ north, longitude 6° 21’ west; latitude 44° 36’ north, longitude 4° 25’ west; south of Rockall; Bay of Biscay; Bay of Gascony; latitude 57° 11’ north, longitude 37° 41’ west. Fic. 40.—SPHYRAPUS MALLEOLUS (AFTER NORMAN AND STEBBING). a, SECOND LEG OR GNATHOPOD. b, FIRST LEG OR GNATHOPOD. c, FIRST LEG. d, MALE, SEEN OBLIQUELY FROM ABOVE. ¢€, FOURTH LEG OR SECOND PERXOPOD. jf, THIRD LEG OR FIRST PEREHOPOD. g, MANDIBLE. /h, FIRST LEG OR GNATHOPOD OF FEMALE. 7, ANTENN.E, SEEN FROM BELOW. j, TERMINAL SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN WITH PLEOPOD AND BASE OF UROPODS, SEEN FROM THE SIDE. k, SEVENTH LEG OR FIFTH PERZXO- pop. J, FEMALE, SEEN FROM ABOVE. %m, FIFTH LEG OR THIRD PEROPOD. 7, FIRST LEG OR GNATHOPOD OF FEMALE, Depth.—\,450 fathoms; 1,410 meters and 650 meters; 740 fathoms. ‘Rostrum short and obtusely pointed.. Ophthalmic processes minute, shaped like a baker’s cap, and more easily seen from below than from above. The confluent segments are both wider than the head, and the second wider than the first: to the rear of these the ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 53 animal tapers irregularly, the center perzeon-segment being narrower than its neighbor, as is also the case in S. ¢udes, and the pleon tapers more suddenly than the perzeon as far as the base of the sixth seg- ment, the sides of which diverge to the point of insertion of the uropods and then suddenly converge to a central and somewhat upturned, much produced, apical process. Of the person-segments the last two are the shortest. The first five segments of the pleon are nearly equal in length to one another; only the second has lateral spine-like processes, but here they are large, produced, and very conspicuous. ‘**The upper antenne have the basal joint large, in the male stout, shorter than the cephalic plate, in the female dilated at the base, longer than the cephalic plate, in both ciliated on the margins; the second joint is short, dilated distally; the third is about half the length and breadth of the second; the flagellum consists of one long, succeeded by four short, articulations; the secondary appendage is rudimentary and represented by only one minute articulation. The lower antenne have the basal joint as broad as it is long, the three following joints short, the fifth long and slender, carrying on the outer side two pear-shaped vesicles; the flagellum is three jointed, the second and third joints furnished with long cilia. **The first gnathopods have the soldered coxal portion folded beneath; the basos broad and short, the ischium wanting; the meros narrow at the base, then dilated, and ending in a point; the carpus in the male is a little longer than the meros, which it overlaps; it is pointed distally, its sinuous margins are nearly parallel; upon it the huge hand is set hammer-wise. In shape the hand is roughly triangular; a line from the base of the finger to the stout horny thumb may be considered the base of the triangle; along this (palm) margin is set a row of flat little teeth, all but one or two of them lying closely side by side; one of the sides of the triangle runs from the thumb-nail backward, receiving the wrist in a sinuosity about the middle; the remaining side is formed by the curved line running from the hinder extremity of the last- described side to the base of the finger; the finger, which is short and stumpy, with a nail like the thumb-nail, doubles closely down upon the palm. In the female the wrist is considerably longer than in the male, and is of the same breadth at both ends, but has a narrow neck near its base; the hand in this sex is attached to the wrist by the apex of the triangle; the thumb is a long process projecting from the base of the triangle and causing the finger to project in like manner, and the hand is thus of very different form from that of the male, being ovate; the inner margins of both thumb and finger are irregular; the thumb is truncate and has the horny nail set close to the outer margin; the nail of the finger closes down into the cavity within the thumb-nail and on the truncated end of the thumb. 54 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ‘The second gnathopods resemble those of Sphyrapus tudes, but the basos is narrower, being only slightly broader than the following joints; the meros has one distal spine on the front margin, the wrist a row of five spines, and the hand the same number; the finger is much curved, slender, and its margin smooth. ‘‘In the first perseopods the wrist is a little dilated, the hand flat, long, curved, with seven sight spines on the front margin and much ciliated on both margins. ‘*The second pereeopods are shorter than any except the last; the third have the hand short, distally dilated, and then surrounded by a fence of biserrate spines of varying lengths. The fourth and, fifth pairs are similar in form, but the fifth is smaller than the fourth; the wrist is longer than the hand, which is small, ciliated, and has two long spines near the base of the finger. ‘*The uropods have the peduncle as long as the segment, minus its produced apex, and a little dilated distally; the inner branch is long, with about 15 articulations, which vary irregularly in length; the outer branch is very slight and composed of 3 articulations. Judging from the spirit-preserved specimens the uropods in this species would seem to be carried divergently, not following behind parallel to each other. * Sphyrapus malleolus may at once be distinguished from its allies, - not only by the form of the gnathopods, but by the rudimentary con- dition of the inner flagellum of the upper antennze, which 1s reduced to an unjointed minute tubercle and by the spine-formed wings of the second segment of the pleon.”—NorMAN and STEBBING.@ Il. CY MOTHOIDEA..or' FLABE LEIFER EA: Legs of the first pair not cheliform. Uropoda lateral and forming with the last segment of the abdomen a caudal fan. Pleopoda for the most part natatory. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF THE CYMOTHOIDEA OR FLABELLIFERA. a. Legs in the adult in six, apparently only in five pairs.... Family III. Gnarnim® a’. Legs in the adult usually in seven pairs. }. Uropoda lateral and superior, outer branch arching over base of telson. Body cylindrical, narrow, elongated’. 2.222 j4.,.- 3-22. See Family 1V. AnTHURIDA 6’. Uropoda lateral. c. Abdomen usually composed of six segments. d. Uropoda with both branches well developed; mostly lamelliform. e.” Maxillipeds with the palp free, the margins of the last two articles more or less setose, never furnished with hooks. a Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, pp. 98-99. nm » Hansen’s analytical key as translated by Stebbing has been inserted between points eand d’. See Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., 6th ser., natur. og Math. Afd. V, 1890, p. 317, and Stebbing, Hist. of Crustacea, 1893, pp. 340-341. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 55 Jf. Mandibles with the distal half stout, very conspicuous, or with only the anterior margin concealed; from the base toward the middle directed forward and a little outward. g- Mandibles with the rather broad, more or less tridentate, cutting edges meeting squarely behind the large upper lip; the secondary - plate and peculiar equivalent for the molar well developed. First maxillze having the plate of the first joint armed with three spines, that of the third with many. Second maxille of moderate size, the three free plates very setose. Maxillipeds with the palp rather roadie vieryAsetose ss ee - cs ose ncaa ee = Family V. CrroLanrp® g’. Mandibles with the distal part produced into a long prominent process, the pair much overlapping; the secondary plate and molar evanescent. First maxillze having the plate of the first joint unarmed, of the third carrying one very long spine. Second maxillze bifid, small and feeble, the free plates almost rudimen- tary, with few sete. Maxillipeds with the palp narrowed, the antepenultimate joint elongate. -.--- Family VI. ExocoraALLANIp® | J’. Mandibles with the distal half narrow, most or all of it concealed by the upper and lower lips; from the base toward the apex gradually directed inward. Mandibles usually without molar process. Apex of second maxillee simple. Antepenultimate joint of maxillipeds not Clon Pale se eae fae ae See ene a se Family VII. CoraLtLanip” e’. Maxillipeds with the palp embracing the cone formed by the distal parts of the mouth organs, the inner upper margin and apex never setose, the apex and sometimes the inner upper margin, at least in the males -and females without eggs, being furnished with outward curved hooks. f. Antenne of both pairs with well-defined peduncle and flagellum. Man- dibles with the secondary plate very often visible; palp with no inflated joint. Maxillipeds with the palp commonly composed of five articles, sometimes composed of two articles, the last article in the latter case habwenssh Ont OOUMSCe pees seca eee ee cee Family VIII. Ae1pm jf’. Antenne much reduced, without clear distinction between peduncle and flagellum. Mandibles with no secondary plate; palp in adults with first joint or both first.and second joints inflated. Maxillipeds always with palp composed of two joints, last joint rather long and MALO WAU DACULE rae mea ene se aia ee Family 1X. Cymornoip® d. Uropoda with one of the branches almost obsolete or radimentary—not hetriye lait @ rena ear= eaten mate NE eS ie ence ere Family X. Limnoripx® c’. Abdomen composed of less than six segments. d. Abdomen composed of two segments. Uropoda with one branch fixed, HINA Osy eh DD Le eevee ste Come oe atthe men Sore as rere Family XI. SpH#RoMIDx® d. Abdomen composed of four segments. Uropoda with both branches moy- DLS S eer es ee ee ak Nee Bee ee asa eo see Family XII. SproLip® Family II. GNATHIID.¢ Thorax with only five pairs of normal walking legs in the adult. Last pair of legs wanting. First pair of legs modified; in male they are valve-like, arching over the ventral side of the head; in the female they are smaller and more distinctly segmented; in the larval form «See Sars’s Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, p. 50, and Harger, Report U.S. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 408-410, for characters given below. 56 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. they terminate in a strong hook. Head of adult male armed with powerful ‘forward-projecting curved jaws or mandibles. First seg- ment of thorax is united with the head, but separated by a suture line. Seventh thoracic segment small, resembling those of abdomen. Abdo- men abruptly narrower than thorax and composed of six segments. Mandibles wanting in female. No true incubatory pouch present. Oral parts in female reduced to maxillipeds only; in male to mandibles and maxillipeds. Sexes very different in appearance. Body of male depressed and dilated in front; that of female more or less fusiform. Larval form also different, but resembling female. 12. Genus GNATHIA Leach.¢é Head of male large, subquadrangular. Head of female rather small, subtriangular. Thorax composed of five well-developed seg- ments, the other two segments being rudimentary, the first being fused with the head and the seventh placed between the project- ing lateral parts of the fifth segment. First pair of legs in male operculiform, composed of two articles; those of female subpediform, being divided into three or four articles. There are five pairs of ambulatory legs. Abdomen much narrower than the thorax. Man- dibles present in male, more or less flattened and projecting anteriorly beyond the head. Maxillipeds without epignath; palp composed of four articles. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS GNATHIA. a. Mandibles in male with the basal part ornamented on the superior margin with an elevated crest, which is irregularly dentate. Legs furnished with many Spiny “PLOCeSseS as neni eases coe ee eee een Gnathia cristata (Hansen) a’, Mandibles in male without elevated crest on the superior margin. Legs without spiny processes. b. Mandibles in male with slight notch outside, inner edge obtusely produced in the middle, tip acute, slightly incurved. Front of head not produced in the middle beyond the antero-lateral angles........-- Gnathia elongata (Kroyer) 6’. Mandibles in male carinate on outer side near the middle, the carina ending in a tooth-like process, irregularly and bluntly toothed near the base within, turned upward at apex. Front of head produced in the middle much beyond the antero-laterall angles: 22 yo s-esaa0se eee Gnathia cerinw (Stimpson ) GNATHIA CRISTATA (Hansen). Anceus cristatus HANSEN, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. i. Kj@bh., 1887-1888, p. 182, pl. vir, fig. 2—2a. Gnathia cristata RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 214; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 506. Locality. —Latitude 72° 32’ north, longitude 58° 51’ west. Depth.—1\16 fathoms. «See Sars’s Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, p. 50, and Harger, Report U.8. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 408-410, for characters given below. tetany ~ ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5 Description of male.—This species is closely related to Gnathia hirsuta (Sars), but differs from all other species of the genus in the structure of the mandibles. The body is very short; the thorax is a little narrower than long in the median line. The fourth free segment of the thorax (fifth see- ment) is scarcely longer than the fifth segment. The fifth free see- ment (sixth segment) has large lateral areas, posteriorly very much elongated, with the posterior angles subrotund. The abdomen in the specimen is almost entirely wanting. The head and the first two free segments of the body are very rough and ornamented with acute processes and numerous tuber- cles; the third free segment (fourth seg- ment) is ornamented with smaller tubercles at the anterior portion, but is smooth poste- riorly; the fourth free segment (fifth seg- ment) has large swollen lateral areas, orna- mented with a few tubercles, the median jy. 41—GnarHia CRISTATA part being smooth; the fifth free segment OR Re a aaa (icimtineceoment)sis smooth: “The eyes are ~ (soumwaar sunmaren) (EN: rather large, manifest. The mandibles are “48¢£D-) large, ornamented on the basal half of the superior margin with a very high crest irregularly notched or dentated. The teeth of the crest have the apex rounded. The lees are long, rather robust, furnished with many processes, for the most part, large. The body and the legs are furnished with a few hairs. Length of the head and thorax together 3.1 mm. Only a single mutilated specimen.“ «The above description is adapted from the following description of Hansen’s: Specimen singulum masculinum sat mutilatum vidi.—Anceo hirsuto G. O. Sars sat affinis, structura mandibularum a speciebus omnibus mihi cognitis diversus. Corpus brevius; truncus paulo augustior quam in linea media longior. Segmentum quartum liberum trunci segmento quinto vix longius; segmentum quintum areis lateralibus magnis, post valde elongatis, angulis posterioribus subrotundatis. (Cauda in specimine fere tota deest.) Caput et segmenta duo anteriora libera trunci scabra, processulis acutis et tuberculis permultis ornata; segmentum tertium liberum ante tuberculis minoribus instructum, postice glabrum; segmentum quartum area laterali magna, inflata, tuberculis nonnullis decorata, parte media glabra; segmentum quin- tum glabrum. Oculi sat magni, dilutiores. Mandibulee magne, parte dimidia basali marginis superioris crista valde elevata et irregulariter inciso-dentata ornata; dentes criste apice rotundato. Pedes longi, sat robusti, processulis multis, ex parte magnis, muniti. Corpus pedesque setis nonnullis instructa.—Long. capitis et trunci juncti 3, 1 mm.—Hansen, Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. i Kj@bh., 1887-88, p. 182. 58 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. GNATHIA ELONGATA (Krdyer). Anceus elongatus Kroyer, Voy. en Scand., Crust., 1849, pl. xxx, fig. 3a-g; Naturh. Tidsskr. (2), II, 1846-49, pp. 388-394.—Hansen, Dijmphna-Togtets Zool.- bot. Udbytte, 1887, p. 205; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. i Kjgbh., 1887-88, p. 182. Gnathia elongata G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, Isopoda, 1899, p. 55, pl. xxi, fig. 1.—Ricuarpson, American Naturalist, X X XIV, 1900, p. 214; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 507.—Axet Ont, Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., XX VI, Afd. rv, No. 12, 1901, pp. 20-21. Fic. 42.—GNATHIA ELONGATA (AFTER SARS). @, FIRST AND SECOND ANTENN#E. 0, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. Cc, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. d, SECOND LEG. e, MANDIBLE. jf, PLEOPOD. g, LAST SEG- MENT OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. hh, MAXILLIPED OF MALE. 7, DORSAL VIEW OF YOUNG. j, FIRST LEG OF MALE. k, FIRST LEG OF FEMALE. /, MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE.. Localities.—W est Greenland; also coast of Finmark; Lofoten Islands; Kara Sea; King Charles Island; Bremer Sound; latitude 78° 50’ north, longitude 29° 39’ east, King Charles Island (Ohlin). Depth.—A9-55 fathoms (Hansen): 60-110 m. (Ohlin). | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 59 Found in soft clay with great stones; soft, black-grayish clay. **Male: Body rather elongated, with the mesosome of nearly uni- form breadth throughout, and the median constriction not very much pronounced. Cephalosome of moderate size, rounded quadrangular, with the supraocular processes well defined. Dorsal face of both cephalosome and mesosome very uneven, with irregular depressions, and clothed all over with minute spinules and short hairs. Penulti- mate pedigerous segment divided dorsally by a narrow longitudinal groove into two halves. Metasome comparatively narrow, and scarcely longer than the two posterior pedigerous segments combined; epimera small. Eyes well developed, though not very large. Mandibles com- paratively small, with only a very slight notch outside; inner edge obtusely produced in the middle, tip acute, slightly incurved. Perio- poda with small tubercles inside the outer joints. Terminal segment of metasome considerably narrowed in its outer part, which is conical in shape. Uropoda with the rami comparatively narrow.—Female: Body much broader than in male, with the last three pedigerous seg- ments well-defined, and together forming an oblong oval division about three times as long as that preceding it. Cephalosome with the frontal part slightly produced and bidentate at the tip. Pleopoda in both sexes with the rami quite smooth, forming narrow sac-like plates not fitted for swimming but apparently respiratory in character. Color of male grayish white, with a light bluish tinge; of female, yellowish, semipellucid, with scattered brown dots. Length in both sexes, 4 mm.”—-G. O. Sars.¢ Ohlin? also describes the color of the male as grayish white, that of the female wax-like yellow, and that of the larve yellowish-white or nearly white. The eyes are in all red-brownish. Sars states that the adult animal is very sluggish in habit, the strue- ture of the pleopoda showing it to be quite unable to swim. The larvee, on the other hand, move through the water with great agility, and most probably at times lead a parasitic life on the skin of various fishes, GNATHIA CERINA (Stimpson).¢ Praniza cerina Stimpson, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p: 42; pl. az, fig. 31. Anceus americanus STIMPSON, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p- 42. Praniza cerina Verritt, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), VI, 1873, p. 489; VII, 1874, pp. 38, 41, 411, 502; Proc. Am: Assoc., 1873, pp. 350, 354, 358, 362 (1874). Gnathia cerina Harcer, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 162; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 410-413, pl. x11, figs. 75-79.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 214; Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p.-507. @Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 55. bBihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., XX VI, Afd. 1v, No. 12, 1901, pp. 20-21. ¢ See Harger for excellent description of male, female, and larva. 60 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Localities. —Bay of Fundy; Massachusetts Bay; off Salem; Gulf of Maine; Casco Bay; Gulf of St. Lawrence; Eastport, Maine; off Sable Island; La Have Bank; South of Martha’s Vineyard. Depth. 10-487 fathoms, in mud, gravel, stones, sand, and rocky bottom. On seulpin, on cod, and on Lophohelia (Harger). Description of matle.—Body oblong-ovate, more than twice as long as wide, 14 mm.:4 mm. Head large, a little wider than long, 1 mm.: >mm., with the anterior margin produced in a prominent rounded median lobe and the antero- lateral angles acutely produced. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated at the sides of the head at the base of the antero- lateral lobes. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles subequal; the third article is as long as the first two taken together. The flagellum is composed of four articles. The first, pair of antenne extend to the middle of Wie. 43. GNATHIA cERINA the fourth article of the second antenne.. “Phe (AFTER HARGER). MALE. 7 ‘ ; ° 5 first two articles of the second pair of antennze are subequal; the third article is a little longer than the second; the fourth is nearly twice as long as the third. The flagellum is composed of seven articles. The mandibles are large and powerful and extend conspicuously in front of the head. The palp of the maxillipeds is composed of four articles. The first segment of the thorax is small and almost inconspicuous, a b c d e i Fig. 44.—GNATHIA CERINA. a, LEG OF FIRST PAIROF MALE. 512. 6b, MAXILLIPED. x 513. c, SECOND ANTENNA (MALE). X 512. d, FIRST ANTENNA. X 512. e, MANDIBLE. X 51%. jf, FIRST LEG OF LARVA. X 5132. rudimentary, and consolidated with the head. The second and third segments of the thorax are subequal; the fourth segment is a little longer than either of the two preceding segments; the fifth and sixth are subequal, and are both longer than the fourth segment; the seventh segment is abruptly narrower than the sixth segment and is very ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 61 short, being only as long as the first abdominal segment, and narrower, about one-third as wide as the sixth thoracic segment; it could easily be taken for one of the abdominal segments. The first five segments of the abdomen are short, distinct, and sub- equal in length; they are but little wider than the seventh thoracic segment, but abruptly narrower than the sixth thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is triangular in shape, with apex very acute. The uropoda extend to the extremity of the abdomen. The inner branch is a little wider and a very little longer than the outer branch. Both are narrow, elongate, with extremities obliquely trun- cate, the post-lateral angles being rounded. There are apparently only five pairs of thoracic legs. The first pair are modified and opercular, and are composed of only two arti- cles. The seventh pair are wanting. The remaining five pairs are ambulatory. Description of female.—Body ovate, about twice as long as wide, 2mm.:4mm. Head smaller than in male, with the front produced in a lobe which is emarginate in the middle. Eyes small, round, composite, and situated at the Gi ee post-lateral angles of the head. Antenne of Va TS yp? both pairs as in male. ee oc we The first segment of the thorax is short and narrow and almost inconspicuous, appearing as a small lobe back of the head. The thorax “@\( 7 becomes wider with the second thoracic seg- FE, ment. The second and third segments are short = = he and about equal in length. The fourth and nn fifth are very long, many times longer than the '!6- #-—GNATHIA CERINA . = 3 S ‘ eae (AFTER HARGER). FEMALE. preceding segments and scarcely to be distin- guished, being somewhat fused dorsally. They are nearly subequal. The sixth seement is about half as long as the preceding segment, and 2 D 2 2 becomes eradually narrower from the anterior to the posterior extrem- Ss . ity. This segment is also somewhat fused dorsally with the preceding segment. The seventh segment is very short and narrow and not to be distinguished from the abdominal segments, being of the same length 5 2 5S > as the five anterior abdominal segments, but narrower. The abdomen is similar to that in the male. The five posterior pairs of walking legs are similar to those in the male. The first pair of legs are composed of three articles and terminate in a minute rounded lobe. There is a delicate membraneous plate attached to the base of the first pair of legs. The eggs are very clearly seen in the cavity of the thorax, which they almost completely fill. Body of female smooth throughout its entire length. 62 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Description of larva.—Body oblong-ovate, three times as long as wide, 1$ mm. : 45 mm. Head small, about $ mm. long and } mm. wide at the base, with the front produced in a small truncated lobe. The eyes are large, round, composite, situated at the sides of the head ieee and occupying almost the whole of the lateral eS I!) (KE e S Seiten eo Lees margin. The first and second antenne are Pe f_ yy about as in the male. Oo jes : : X 4 The first seoment of the thorax is rudimen- tary and consolidated with the head. The second and third segments of the thorax are short and subequal; the fourth and fifth seg- ments are united into one extremely long segment, which is also wider than the two preceding segments. The sixth segment is short and gradually decreases in width, at its anterior extremity being almost as wide as the preceding elongated segment, but at its 7 oe at Hike Oe a posterior extremity being almost as narrow (AFTER HARGER). LARVA. as the abdomen. The seventh segment is similar to the abdominal segments. — The abdomen 1s about $ mm. wide. The first five segments are sub- equal. The sixth or terminal segment and the uropoda are as in the male. There are apparently but five pairs of legs. The first pair of legs are small and surround the mouth; they are composed of six articles. The seventh pair is wanting. The mouth parts project conspicuously in front of the head. Family IV. ANTHURID.¢ Body long and narrow, nearly cylindrical in form. Head compara- tively small. Segments of thorax well defined and without distinct epimera. Abdomen comparatively short, with the anterior segments sometimes completely or partially fused. Mouth parts modified for suction. First pair of legs larger and stronger than the others and subchelate; the two following pairs also subchelate, but smaller and more feeble; the four posterior pairs ambulatory. First pair of pleo- poda large and expanded, more or less covering the others, especially in female. Uropoda with the outer or superior branch arching over the base of the telson. @See Sars, Crust. of Norway, pp. 48-44, and Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool. Soe. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 119-120, for characters of family. _ ob el Sees a it oh eM ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. — 63 ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY ANTHURID. @ a. Labium terminating in two rounded lobes. Mandibles with cutting edge com- posed of two or three blunt teeth. First maxillee simple, terminating in con- spicuous and well-developed teeth, Maxillipeds with palp composed of one to four articles. b. First five segments of abdomen coalesced into a single segment in the female. Maxillipeds with palp composed of two articles. Flagella of both pairs of antenne rudimentary in both sexes. Flagellum of first pair not greatly devel- gpegaumumaletes 08 sc sake set. ok Genus Cyathura Norman and Stebbing b’. Segments of abdomen distinct in the female. c. Maxillipeds with the palp composed of a single article. Flagella of both pairs of antennze in the female composed of only a few articles. In the male the first pair has a multi-articulate flagellum. Mandible with a one-jointed ene eae ere tenner Boe att cic cam alee Genus Ptilanthura Harger c’, Maxillipeds with a palp composed of four articles. Flagella of both pairs of antennze multi-articulate; that of first pair in the male developed into a remarkable brush-like organ. Mandible with a three-jointed palp. Genus Anthelura Norman and Stebbing a’, Labium terminating in two points, acuminate. Mandibles without teeth, ter- minating in an acutely pointed lancet-like organ. First maxillee simple, spear- like, terminal part armed with recurved teeth. Mavxillipeds with basal part narrow, oblong; palp composed of three articles. Segments of abdomen dis- tinct in female. b. All seven pairs of legs present in adult. Seventh thoracic segment normal, well developed. c. Both pairs of antennee in both sexes with multi-articulate flagella. Genus Calathura Norman and Stebbing c’. First pair of antennze in both sexes have the flagellum miulti-articulate. Second pair of antennze in both sexes have a rudimentary flagellum com- posed of a single article. .-......-- -Genus Paranthura Bate and Westwood 6’. Seventh pair of legs absent in adult. Seventh thoracic segment very short, abruptly narrower than preceding sixth segment and not as wide as the abdominal segments. First pair of antennze composed of four articles, the last article being the rudimentary flagellum. Second pair of antennze com- POSCGLOimivieranticless eaqaems ces eee Genus Colanthura Richardson 18. Genus CYATHURA Norman and Stebbing.? First five segments of abdomen coalesced into a single segment in the female. Flagella of both pairs of antenne rudimentary. Maxilli- peds with a palp composed of two articles. Mouth parts otherwise as in Ptilanthura and Anthelura. CYATHURA CARINATA (Krdéyer). ¢ ? Anthura gracilis Dk Kay, Zool. New York, Crust., 1844, p. 44, pl. rx, fig. 34. Anthura carinata Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. (2), I[, 1846-49, p. 402; Voy. en Seand., 1849, pl. xxvu, fig. 3. «Norman and Stebbing’s key has been used with slight modifications. See Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 121-122. bSee Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool. Soc., Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, p. 121, for characters of genus. “Norman and Stebbing give an excellent description of this form. 64 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Anthura polita Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., VII, 1856, p. 393. Anthura carinata Scuiaprr, Naturh. Tidsskr. (3), X, 1875-76, p. 211, pl. ty, figs. 1-14. Anthura brunnea Harcer, with Verritt, Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 1, 1873, p. 572 (278); p. 426 (132). Anthura carinata Scuiaprr, Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), X VIII, 1876, p. 253.— Merinert, Naturh. Tidsskr. (3), XI, 1877, p. 77. Anthura polita Harcrr, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 162; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 398-402, pl. x1, figs. 68-69. Anthura carinata Metnert, Naturh. Tidsskr. (3), XII, 1880, p. 470. Cyathura carinata NoRMAN and StrespinG, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 124-125. Anthura carinata Kuniearz, Wissenchaftliche Meeresuntersuchunger, III, 1898, pp. 148-149, pl. 1, figs. 4-19. Cyathura carinata RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 215; Proce: U.S. Nat. Mus:, XX, 1901, p: 508. Localities. —Norfolk, Virginia; Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey; Long Island Sound; Noank Harbor, Connecticut; off Block Island; East Providence, Rhode Island; Vineyard Sound; Gloucester, Massachusetts; Greenland; Denmark; Kielerbucht, Germany (Karl Moebius). Depth.—Surtace to 193 fathoms, in shells and mud, eel-grass and alge, sand and stones. (Harger.) Body very narrow, elongate, a lit- tle more than seven times longer than wide, 2 mm. :15 mm. Head a little wider than long, 1 mm. : 14 mm., with the anterior mar- gin excavate on either side of a small median point. Eyes small, distinct. The first pair of antennz have the first two articles about equal in length; the third article is a little shorter than the second; the fourth or flagellar article is about half as long as the third. The first antennz Fig. 47.—CYATHURA CARINATA (AFTER HARGER). a, FIRST ANTENNA. xX 10. 0, SECOND ANTENNA. X10. ¢,Firstiec. x extend to the end of the fourth arti- 8. d, THIRD LEG. x8. e, FIRST PLEOPOD. . : ry < 8 f, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. X 8. cle of the second antenne, The g, LATERAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN. 6. second pair of antenne have the basal article short; the second article is about twice as long as the first; the third article is half as long as the second; the fourth is a little shorter than the third; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth; the sixth or flagellar article is very short and is about half as long as the fifth. The second antenne ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 65 are 13 mm. long. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first, fourth, and fifth segments of the thorax are 2 mm. in length. The second and third segments are 14 mm. long. The sixth and seventh segments are each 1$ mm. long. The epimera are long and extremely narrow plates extend- ing the entire length of the seg- ments and not separated off by dis- tinct sutures. The entire length of the abdomen is 3 mm., or a little less than one- fifth the entire length of the body. The first six segments are fused q i into a single segment about 14 mm. Fie. 48 —CyarHura caARINATA. a, MANDIBLE. long, which has no trace of suture Re OFA ie Oy SUAS RIE DER 2G eto Nee RUSE e MAXILLA. X 013. lines. The seventh segment or tel- son is narrow, elongate, and rounded posteriorly. The peduncle of the uropoda is as long as the superior branch and extends two-thirds the length of the telson. The inner, lateral branch is placed at the posterior end of the peduncle and is rounded posteriorly; it extends the remaining third of the length of the telson and reaches the extremity of that segment. The dorsal or superior branch does not arch over the telson, but lies directly upon its dorsal surface; it extends to the end of the peduncle, is somewhat triangular in shape, narrow and elongate, with apex acute. The first three pairs of legs are pre- hensile. All the others are ambula- tory in structure. The first pair are larger and stronger than the two follow- ing pairs, and there is a tooth on the inferior margin of the propodus. Three specimens—one from Marco, Florida, another from Cedar Keys, Florida, and a third from off South Carolina—differ from the other speci- FM Grud Ganihavi Go Fina ens. ln the collection, in having the LEG. x 11}. b, First antenna. x 205. last article of the first pair of antenne ate as long as the third; in having a rounded prominence instead of a tooth on the propodus of the first pair of legs; in having the anterior segments of the abdomen quite apparent at the sides, though fused and not apparent in the middle of the dorsal surface; in having the peduncle of the uropoda about half the length of the telson instead of two-thirds its length, the inner branch being as long as the peduncle; in having the fourth, fifth, and 28589—05——5 a b c 66 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. sixth segments of the thorax subequal and each about one-half mm. longer than any of the other segments, which are about subequal, and in having the second article of the palp of the maxillipeds quad- rate and as large as the first article of the palp. Fig. 50.—CYATHURA CARINATA (AFTER NORMAN AND STEBBING). @, FIRST GNATHOPOD. b, LOWER ANTENNA. C, MAXILLIPED. d, LABIUM. é€, FIRST MAXILLA. f, END OF TELSON. g, UPPER ANTENNA. h, MANDIBLE AND PALP. 14. Genus PTILANTHURA# Harger. First tive segments of abdomen distinct in the female and in the male. The flagella of both pairs of antenne in the female are composed of only a few articles. In the male, the first pair has a multiarticulate flagellum. The maxillipeds have a palp of one article, which is broad and flattened and similar to the basal article; epignath small, rounded. Labium terminating in two broadly rounded lobes. First maxillee ter- minating in well-developed teeth. Mandibles with a palp composed of a single article. PTILANTHURA TENUIS Harger. 2 Ptilanthura tenuis Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), XV, 1878, p. 377; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1879, II, p. 62; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 406-408, pls. x1, xu, figs. 71-74. «See Harger, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 405-406, for characters of genus. bSee Harger for complete description of this species. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 67 Anthura tenuis Norman and Srespine, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XII, 1886, Pt. 4, p. 124.—Ricuarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 215; Proc. U: S. Nat. Mus., X XIIT, 1901, p. 508. Ptilanthura tenuis Stessrnc, Willey’s Zool. Results, 1902, p. 619. Localities. —Noank Harbor, Connecticut; Long Island Sound; off Watch Hill, Rhode Island; off Block Island; Waquoit, Vineyard Sound; Casco Bay, Maine; Bay of Fundy; Grand Menan, New Brunswick. Depth.—Surtface to 19 fathoms. Taken on muddy bottom; in sand, mud, and stones; at low water, in sand. Body extremely narrow, elongate, about eight times longer than wide, 1 mm.:8$ mm. Head about as wide as long, with the anterior margin tri- angularly produced in a small median process. Eyes small, round, distinct, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The second pair of an- tenn have the basal article short; the second article is twice as long as the first; the third and fourth are short and subequal, both together being as long rie. 51.—pritanrHura TENUIS (AFTER as the basal article; the fifth 1s twice H4®6#R). ¢, HEAD WITH ANTENN% AND - FIRST THORACIC SEGMENT (VENTRAL as long as the fourth; the flagellum is sips). x8. 6, MaxtiuPED. x 50. ¢, composed of four articles, the first of Fie MAE oe conan og aoe. which is about half as long as the last x 20. peduncular article. The second pair of antenne extend to the end of the fourth article of the peduncle of the first pair of antenne. The first pair of antenne have the first article long; the second and third are subequal and each is a little longer than the first. The first article Z of the flagellum is very short, about one-third as long as the second peduncular article; the second article of the flagellum is about twice as long as the first. The flagellum is composed of twenty-one arti- cles, which are furnished with long hairs. The first Fig. 52.—Pritantuura antenne are 24 mm. long. The maxillipeds have TENUIS. MANDIBLE. » . r . : ° TTR, a palp of one article. The palp of the mandibles is composed of one article. The first, second, third, and sixth segments of the thorax are sub- equal, each being 1 mm. in length. The fourth and fifth segments are a little longer. The seventh segment is half a mm. long. The first six segments of the abdomen are short, distinct, and sub- equal, with the exception of the last, which is about half as long as any of the five preceding ones. The seventh segment or telson is long 68 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. and narrow, with the extremity rounded. The peduncle of the uro- poda is short and extends only half the length of the telson. The inner lateral branch is placed at the extremity of the peduncle; it does not quite reach the extremity of the telson, and is posteriorly rounded. a c d e fi Fic, 58.—PTILANTHURA TENUIS. a, FIRST LEG. x 513%. 6, FIRST ANTENNA. xX 273. c, SECOND ANTENNA. X 513. d, MAXILLIPED. x 513. e, FIRST MAXILLA. X 513. /f, MANDIBLE (WITHOUT PALP). x 512. The outer and superior branch extends to the end of the peduncle and is somewhat triangular in shape, with apex acute. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the first pair being much larger and stouter than the two following pairs. All the others are ambulatory. 15. Genus ANTHELURA Norman and Stebbing.¢ Segments of abdomen distinct in female. Flagella of both pairs of antenne multi-articulate; that of first pair ‘Sin the male developed into a remarkable brush-like organ nearly equal in length to half the animal, and composed of very numerous, short, broad, and densely ciliated joints.” Maxillipeds with a palp composed of four articles. Mouth parts otherwise as in Cyathura. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ANTHELURA. a. Uropoda with the outer and upper plates wide apart dorsally, broadly triangular or spear-shaped, nearly as long as the inner plate, which is similar in form but narrower. Telson broadly lanceolate, apex rather acute, about equal in length tO, themiropods ssc. see es ee Anthelura abyssorum Norman and Stebbing a. Uropoda with the outer and superior branches meeting dorsally, long, oval in form. Inner branch with posterior margin widely rounded. Telson narrowly linguiform, roundly triangular at the apex. Outer and superior branch as long astelson. Inner branch extending beyond telson. ~.Anthelura affinis Richardson “See Norman and Stebbing for characters of genus. Trans. Zool. Soc., Lond., NUL, 1686) Pt.-4) p. 121. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 69 ANTHELURA ABYSSORUM Norman and Stebbing. Anthelura abyssorum NorMAN and SrepsrnG, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 127-128, pl. xxvu, fig. 2.—Hansen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kj@benhayn, 1887-1888, p. 181.—RicH- ArDsoN, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 215; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 508. Localities.—Near entrance of Davis Straits; latitude 59° 10’ north, longitude 50° 25’ west. Depth.1,750 fathoms. ‘*Head and perveon. of nearly equal width throughout; second segment of the latter scarcely at all constricted behind. The whole of the segments smooth above, and devoid of all furrow- ing and pitting; last segment of pereon half as long as the pre- ceding segments of pleon, very clearly defined, and (exclusive of telson) subequal in length to penultimate segment of person. ‘*The antenne have the joints of the peduncle in both pairs flat- tened, the lower pair touching each other with the compressed inner margins, and appearing between the upper pair, as in Anthelura elongata; flagella of both pairs many jointed. ‘First gnathopods having ba- sos short and very thick; ischium scarcely longer, and not so broad; cup of meros well rounded; car- pus small as usual, bearing five or six spine-like setze; hand about twice as Jong as greatest breadth; palm concave, bearing about eight slender spine-like sete. “Second gnathopods haying basos and ischium more slender Fic. 54.—ANTHELURA ABYSSORUM (AFTER NORMAN AND STEBBING). a, LATERAL VIEW. b, HEAD (FROM ABOVE). c, UPPER ANTENNA. d, LOWER ANTENNA. €, FIRST GNATHOPOD. f, SECOND GNATHOPOD. g, FIFTH PERXOPOD. h, ABDOMEN (FROM ABOVE). 7%, ABDOMEN (FROM THE SIDE). than in first pair; meros of similar form; carpus edged with several spine-like sete: and one spine; hand elongate-ovate, palm with three spines and a few sete. 70 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Zz Z ‘Last pereeopods having the propodus half as long again as the carpus, and the b ‘ dactylos subequal to the carpus; carpus — and propodus each furnished with two + ; forked spines on their anterior margin. ‘*First pleopods large, covering the whole of the remaining pleopods, against which they are closely pressed. **Uropods with outer and upper plates wide apart dorsally, broadly triangular or a spear-shaped, longer than wide, and as long or nearly as long as the inner plate, which is very similar in form but narrower, with well-rounded extremities; both are tipped with a few sete, which are, how- ever, very easily abraded. **'Pelson much depressed, broadly lance- olate, apex rather acute, about equal in length to the uropods. ‘*Length, 9 mm., or about three-six- teenths of an inch.”—NorMAN and STEB- BING.“ ANTHELURA AFFINIS Richardson. Anthelura afiis RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 288-289, pl. xxxvuil, figs. 29-32. Locality.— Bermudas. Body narrow, elongate. Head with small median point. Eyes distinct, situ- ated in antero-lateral angulations. Antenne of both pairs with flagella con- sisting of several joints, and fringed with long hairs at the tip. Maxillipeds con- sist of five joints. — ; First three thoracic segments about equal in length. Three following seg- ments somewhat longer, and subequal. Seventh segment fully half the length of | | | | a f preceding segment. | All the segments of the abdomen dis- | tinctly defined. Terminal segment nar- | rowly linguiform, roundly triangulate at Fic. 65,—ANTHELURA AFFINIS. a, the apex and with smooth margins. SIXTH PERIOPOD. b, SECOND GNATH- Outer superior branch of uropoda long, OPOD. ¢c, FIRST GNATHOPOD. — d, ; ‘ . f GENERAL FIGURE. oval, reaching quite to the extremity of «Trans. Zool. Soe. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 127-128. Starr en rts ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. a the terminal abdominal segment, and arching over the telson. Inner branch with posterior margin widely rounded and extending beyond telson. Both branches have the margins smooth, entire. First gnathopods with small hand. Dactylus short. Free inner margin of propodus furnished with hairs. Second gnathopods and first periopods similar in shape to, but smaller in size than first pair of gnathopods. The free inner margin of the propodus is beset with two spines, the carpus with one spine. The remaining periopods have a single spine at the distal margin of the propodus and two spines on the carpus. One specimen, a female, was collected by Prof. A. E. Verrill at the Bermudas in 1901. Type in Peabody Museum of Yale University. Cat. No. 3349. This species differs from A. elongata Norman, in the shape of the outer branch of the uropoda; in the length ef both branches, as com- pared with the terminal abdominal segment, and in the fact that the margins of the outer branch in this species are smooth and not cren- ulate, as in A. elongata. 16. Genus CALATHURA Norman and Stebbing.¢ Abdomen short with the segments not very distinctly defined in the male, but distinct in the female. Both pairs of antenne in both sexes with multi-articulate flagella. Buccal mass projecting, cone-shaped. Anterior lip terminating in an obtusely conical point. Posterior lip slightly bifid at the tip. Anterior maxille simple, spear-like; termi- nal part armed with recurved teeth. Maxillipeds with the basal part narrow, oblong; palp composed of three articles; epignath small, rounded. Mandibles terminating in an acutely-pointed lancet-like organ. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CALATHURA. a. Eyes not conspicuous. First pair of antennze with flagellum twelve jointed, not longer than the length of the head. Second pair of antennze with the flagellum twelve jointed. First three segments of thorax bounded laterally by carinze. Terminal segment of body triangular, acute at apex, margin not crenulate. Superior or outer branch of uropoda oval in form, slightly dentated. Inner branchrscutelystrianoularss- esses sue anne ae Calathura branchiata (Stimpson ) a’. Eyes conspicuous. First pair of antennze with flagellum seventeen jointed, more than twice as long as the length of the head. Second pair of antennze with the flagellum twenty-three jointed. First three segments of thorax not bounded laterally by carinze. Terminal segment of body linguate, rounded posteriorly, with crenulate margin. Superior or outer branch of the uropoda narrow, elon- gated, not dentated. Inner branch rounded. Calathura crenulata Richardson “See Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 44-45, and Norman and Stebbing, Trans. Zool. Soe. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, p. 122, for characters of genus. 12 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. CALATHURA BRANCHIATA (Stimpson), @ Anthura branchiata Stimpson, Smithsonian Contributions to knowledge, VI, 1853, p. 43. Paranthura norwegica G. O. Sars, Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl., 1873, p. 88. Anthura branchiata VERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), V, 1873, p. 101; VII, 1874, pp. 42, 411, 502; Proc. Amer. Assoc., 1874, pp. 350, 357.—HarceEr, with VeERRILL; Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 1, 1873, pp. 511 (217), 573 (279).—Smira and Harcer, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., III, 1874, p. 16. Paranthura arctica G, O. Sars, Archiv for Math. og Natury., 1877, p. 347.—HEL- LER, Denk. Ak. Wien, XX XV, 1878, p. 38-39, pl. 1v, figs. 9-12. Paranthura branchiata HarcEr, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 402-405, pl. x1, fig. 70. Calathura branchiata NorMAN and Stresppine, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., XII, 1886, Pt. 4, pp. 131-133, pl. xxv1, fig. 1. Paranthura branchiata HANsEN, Dijmphna Togtets zool.-bot. Udbytte, 1887, pp. 203-204. Calathura branchiata Hansen, Vedenskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhis- toriske Forening i Kjgbenhayn, 1887- 1888, p. 181. Paranthura branchiata AXEL ORLIN, Akademisk Afhandling, X XII, 1895, pp. 12-18. Calathura branchiata Sars, Crust. Nor- way, II, 1899, pp. 46-47, pl. x1x, fig. 2.—Sreppinc, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), V, 1900, p. 18.—RicHarp- son, American Naturalist, X XXIV, 1900, p. 215; Prec. U..S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 509.—AxxEL On tn, Bihang till K. Sy. Vet.-Akad. Hand1., XXXVI. “Aid: = Tvs Nor S125 519018 pp. 17-20. Localities.—Bay of Fundy; Vine- yard Sound; Georges Bank; East- port, Maine; Gulf of Maine; west of Jeffreys Ledge; Casco Bay; Nova Scotia; between Misaine Bank and BiG: 08. CALATHURA | BRAN CHTATAS Middles Ground: of sheadwd4arpor: eae ere et Sees between Middle Ground and Hali- MAXILLIPED. x 16. d, FIRST MAXILLA. fax: southeast from Cape Sable; x 16. d’, DISTAL END OF SAME. x 50. @, : ree , a FIRST LEG. 8. jf, FIRST PLEOPOD. x 8. latitude 70° 8’ north, longitude (4° 9 SECOND EEEOEOD OL MAES: 20’ west; also Franz Josefs Land, Kara Sea, Greenland, Jan Mayen, Spitzbergen, off Norway, Scotland, Ireland, and between England and the Bay of Biscay; latitude 70° north, longitude 58° 38’ west; Uma- nak; latitude 71° 10’ north, longitude 58° 56’ west; latitude 72° 20/ north, longitude 59° 39’ west (Hansen); latitude 71° 35’ north, longi- @See Norman and Stebbing for more detailed description. pontine ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 73 tude 22° 47’ east, between Norway and Beeren Island; latitude 73° 27’ north, longitude 23° 11’ east, between Norway and Beeren Island; latitude 77° 25’ north, longitude 27° 30’ east, north of Hope Island; latitude 76° 46’ north, longitude 15° 22’ east, off Horn Sound, West Spitzbergen; King Charles Island, Bremer Sound; latitude 78° 50’ north, longitude 27° 39’ east, King Charles Island; latitude 78° 50’ north, longitude 29° 39’ east, King Charles Island; latitude 81° 14’ north, longitude 22° 50’ east, northeast of Seven Islands; latitude 79° 58’ north, longitude 9° 30’ east; 19’-20' north of Danish Island; lati- tude 73° 3’ north, longitude 18° 30’ east, between Beeren et hy/ Island and Norway (Ohblin); latitude 71° 31’ north, longi- tude 49° 12’ east (Stebbing). Depth.—10-250 fathoms; 20-460 m., in mud, clay, gravel, stones, rocks, barna- cles, sand, and shells. Body extremely narrow and elongate, about ten and | A - a half times longer than ] broad, 25 mm.: 26 mm. Head a little wider than long, 14 mm.: 2 mm., be- coming slightly narrower toward the anterior end, which is 1$ mm. wide, and has the frontal margin exca- vate on either side of a small median point. The eyes are Fie. Bo MATHDES RAN CATS: a, Be ES 2 = ‘ m x 114. b, SECOND ANTENNA: xX 20}. c, FIRST MAX- absent. The first pair of an- ILLA. xX 39. d,a MAXILLIPED. xX 39. e, MANDIBLE. tenn have the three pedun- ORR Ly PURSE ANTENNAS 20 cular articles about equal in length but decreasing in size, the basal one being the largest. The flagellum is composed of ten articles, and extends to the end of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The second pair of antenne have the basal article short; the second is nearly twice as long; the third is half as long as the second; the fourth is twice as long as the third and about as long as the second, but more slender; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth, about one and a third times longer. The flagellum is composed of eleven articles. The second pair of antennze are about 3 mm. long. The maxillipeds have a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. e2--5 d 0 f f « Basal article of palp not shown in drawing. 74 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first segment of the thorax is 25 mm. long; the second and third are subequal and each is 3 mm. in cca the fourth segment is 4 mm. long; the fifth segment is 3 mm. long; the sixth is 24 mm.; the seventh is 1 mm. in length. The segments are long and narrow ane have no epimera separated off. The second and third segments have each at the anterior end two small tubercles, one on either side of the median line. The fourth, fifth, and sixth segments have each a small depression at the anterior end in the median line. The abdomen is short, being only 4 mm. in length, or less than one- sixth the entire length of the body. ‘The first six segments are indis- tinetly defined, and are more or less fused in the median dorsal line. The seventh and last segment or telson is triangular in shape with apex acute. The peduncle of the uropoda is broad and extends two-thirds the length of the terminal abdominal segment. The inner lateral branch is small and placed at the posterior end of the peduncle and extends the rémaining third of the length of the terminal abdominal seoment, reaching the extremity of that segment. The outer or supe- rior branch is dorsally placed and arches over the telson, meeting the branch of the opposite side in the median dorsal line; it is about twice as broad as long and is posteriorly truncate. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the first pair being much the larger and stouter. The four remaining pairs are ambulatory. CALATHURA CRENULATA Richardson. Calathura crenulata RicHARDSON, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 509-510. Localitics.—Between Nassau and Andros Island, Bahamas; Cape Catoche, Yucatan. Depth.—2\ fathoms. Found in gulf weed. Head half as long as first thoracic segment, frontal eye with small median ponte = and prominent lat- eral angles. Eyes large, distinct, and very black. First pair of antenne more than twice as long as the length of the head; flagellum about seven- teen jointed. Second pair of antenneze somewhat longer than first pair, with joints of flagellum stouter; flagel- lum about twenty-three jointed. First six thoracic segments long and narrow; sec- Fig. 58.—CALATHURA CRENULATA. HEAD. ond segment narrower posteriorly than anteriorly; — pye.s9.-cararnura last segment very short, one-third shorter than pre- SE ceding segment. Abdomen with all the segments distinct. Terminal it eect ilies — t,o ee p 5 j Y 7 ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 75 seoment long, lingulate in shape, rounded posteriorly with crenulate margin. Outer branches of the uropoda arch over telson, but do not meet in center; narrow, elongated. Inner branches of the uro- poda extend beyond telson, are rounded posteriorly, and shorter than peduncular joint; inner margins crenulate. Abdomen about equal in length to fifth and sixth thoracic segments taken together. First pair of gnathopods large, sub- chelate; second pair of @nathopods and first pair of pereiopods subchelate, small. Other pereiopods ambulatory, slender. NN One specimen (type) sent by Mr. FF. /£ pl h Stearns to the U. S. National Museum Hh Mh \ Fie. 60.—Cata- comes from between Nassau and qe 61—caratnv- THURA CRENU- tata. First Andros Island, Bahamas. Another — B4 crenucata. ‘ E 6 , ABDOMEN. exeruorep: specimen. was) taken by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross off Cape Catoche, Yucatan. Type.—Cat. No. 23900, U.S.N.M. 17. Genus PARANTHURA Bate and Westwood. Segments of abdomen distinct in both sexes. First pair of antennve have the flagellum multiarticulate in both sexes. Second pair of antenne in both sexes have a rudimentary flagellum consisting of a single article. Mouth parts as in Calathura. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS PARANTHURA. a. Flagellum of first pair of antennze composed of nine articles. First three segments of thorax of equal length; the three following subequal and each one-third shorter than either of first two. First five segments of abdomen one-half the length of seventh thoracic segment. Last abdominal segment funnel-shaped; posterior margin coarsely denticulate and truncate. Paranthura infundibulata Richardson a’. Flagellum of first pair of antennze composed of six to seven articles. First five segments of thorax of equal length; sixth segment somewhat shorter than any of preceding segments. First five segments of abdomen as long as seventh thoracic segment. Last abdominal segment long and narrow, rectangular in shape, with margins entire...........--.------ Paranthura verrillii Richardson 16 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PARANTHURA INFUNDIBULATA Richardson. Paranthura infundibulata Richarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 284-286, pl. xxxviny, figs. 15-20. Locality.— Bermudas. Male.—Body narrow, elongate; color yellow, with markings of black. Head with antero-lateral angles prominent, between which the frontal margin is excavate for the reception of the antenne, the 6 f IG. 62.—PARANTHURA INFUNDIBULATA. dd, LAST FOUR THORACIC SEGMENTS AND ABDOMEN. 0, FIRST GNATHOPOD. c, LATERAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN. d, MANDIBLE. @, ANTENNA OF FIRST PAIR. f, ANTENNA OF SECOND PAIR. g, SECOND GNATHOPOD,. hh, MAXILLIPEDS. middle being produced in a conspicuous median point. The eyes are situated in the antero-lateral prolongations. ; The first pair of antenne have the basal joint long, oblong in shape, the other two joints of the peduncle being short and about equal in length; the flagellum consists of nine joints. The second pair of antennee have the second joint of the peduncle very long, slightly exceeding in length the first and second peduncular MESSI As ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ee joints of the first pair of antenne. The second antenne are geniculate at the articulation of the second and third joints. The other three joints following the second are of nearly equal length. The flagellum consists of a single tapering joint, furnished with hairs. The first three thoracic segments are about equal in length, elongate, the first two having their posterior angles rounded. The fourth, fifth, and sixth segments are equal in length and one-third shorter than the first three. The seventh segment is about half as long as the preceding one, and has the posterior angles produced downward. The segments of the abdomen are distinct and very short, all five anterior to the terminal segment being no longer than half the length of the seventh thoracic segment. The terminal segment is long and. narrow, of the same width throughout its length, except at the apex, where the lateral margins are abruptly drawn out into processes, which curve upward, giving a funnel-shaped appearance to the posterior end of the segment, which is very concave. The posterior margin is trun- cate and coarsely denticulate. The inner branches of the uropoda do not quite reach the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment. The basal joint is about half the length of the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branch is extremely concave, with its entire margin denticulate, its ventral sur- face having a longitudinal carina. The outer and superior branch is long and narrow, quadrangular and somewhat narrowed posteriorly, and from the middle slightly curving upward, coarsely denticulate on its inner lateral and posterior margin, the teeth being rather widely separated. The branches of the uropoda and the terminal abdominal segment are fringed with hairs. The first, second, and third pairs of legs are subcheliform. The second and third pairs have the propodus similar in shape to the first pair, but more slender, and armed on their posterior margin with seven or eight large conspicuous spines. The other legs are longer and more slender, and armed with four spines on the anterior margin of both the carpus and the propodus. A number of specimens, all males, were collected by Dr. George Brown Goode in 1876-77 at the Bermudas. Type specimens in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3207. PARANTHURA VERRILLII Richardson. Paranthura verrillii Rictarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 286, pl. xxxvul, figs. 21-22. Locality.— Bermudas. Body narrow, elongate. Color dark brown, with scattered black dots. Head with lateral angulations prominent, rounded, between which 78 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. the front is excavate on either side of a small median point. Eyes large, situated in the lateral angulations. First pair of antenne have the first joint of the peduncle oblong, the other two shorter and about equal in length, flagellum six to seven jointed. The second pair of antenne have a five-jointed peduncle (the first joint being short and indistinct), of which the second and fifth joints are longest, the flagellum being consolidated into a single flattened, tapering joint, furnished with hairs. The first five thoracic segments are of equal length. The sixth is somewhat shorter than any of the others, and the seventh is half as long as the sixth. The abdominal segments are distinct, the first five taken together being no longer than the seventh thoracic segment. The terminal abdominal segment is long and nar- row, rectangular in shape, with mar- gins entire. The basal joint of the uropoda is half as long as the termi- nal segment of the abdomen; the inner branch is rectangular, coarsely denticulate, and reaches the apex of the telson. The outer superior branch is narrow, elongate, rectan- gular, with margins coarsely denticu- late, the teeth being close together. The branches of the uropoda and Tie. 6 > lly Fe 2 one e ay b c d Fic. 68.—CIROLANA MAYANA (AFTER IVES). a, DORSAL VIEW. x 4. 0b, RIGHT SIDE. x 4. Fic. 69.—CIROLANA MAYANA. 4, MANDIBLE. ¢, SEVENTH THORACIC SEGMENT WITH MALE < 39. b, c, ABNORMAL MAXILLIPED. X 39. APPENDAGE. d, SECOND MAXILLA. X 39. a some question as to its being normal in this respect. The genus Anuropus Beddard was also instituted because the type and only speci- men had, among other characters, the one of having maxillipeds com- posed of two articles. RRMA ay ie < ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 89 Body oblong-ovate, two and a half times longer than broad, 4 mm.: 10 mm. Head two and a half times wider than long, 1 mm.: 25 mm. Front produced in a long median point which separates the basal articles of the first pair of antennz and meets and is coalesced with the anterior end of the frontal lamina, which arches over the second antenne and forms a dorsal continuation of the median frontal process extending 1mm. beyond the frontal margin of the head. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles short and subequal; the third article is half as long and narrower than either of the other two. The flagellum is composed of thirteen articles. The first pair of antennz extend almost to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The second antenne have the peduncle apparently composed of only four articles; the first article is short and almost inconspicuous; the second and third articles are subequal; the fourth and fifth are also subequal and each is a little longer than the third. The flagellum is composed of twenty- three articles. The second antenne ex- tend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The first nine or ten articles of the flagellum have a tuft of hairs on the outer margin. The interan- tennal plate or frontal lamina is wide and conspicuous and arches over the second pair of antenne meeting the anterior end of the frontal process. The clypeus has the anterior end produced over the posterior end of the frontal lamina and extends out from it. Maxilliped composed of seven articles. The mandible has a palp of three articles. The first, fourth, and fifth segments of the thorax are a little longer than any of the others. The epimera of all the segments, with the exception of the first, are distinct. In the second and third segments they are narrow, increasing in width from those of the fourth to the seventh segments. The postero-lateral angles of the last three are acute and produced beyond the posterior margins of the segments. All the epimera are crossed by an oblique carina. The first segment of the abdomen is almost entirely covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The fifth segment is as wide as the fourth, and is not covered at the sides by the lateral parts of the preceding segment. The sixth or terminal segment is rounded posteriorly. The inner branch of the uropoda is as long as the terminal segment of the body, and is slightly emarginate on its external margin. The outer branch is longer than the inner branch and is rounded posteriorly. The peduncle extends as far as the emargination on the exterior margin of the inner branch. Both branches are beset with spines. FiG.70.—CIROLANA MAYANA. SECOND ANTENNA. X 203. 90) BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile. The propodus is armed with four spines, the carpus with three in the first legs, with two in the second and third pairs: the merus with six spines; and the ischium with three or four; the outer distal end of the merus is furnished with one long spine in the first pair of legs. The last four pairs of legs are also furnished with spines. CIROLANA LINGUIFRONS Richardson. Cirolana linguifrons RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 823; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 163-164. Locality. —Monterey Bay, California. Dug at mean tide mark from sandy shore. Color, yellow, marked with scattered black dots. Body elongate- ovate, about five times longer than broad, greatly convex. Head with the frontal margin produced in a long, straight process, rounded anteriorly and somewhat dilated. Eyes large, distinct. First pair of antenne with the articles of the peduncle large; flagellum of fif- teen short joints extends to the pos- terior margin of the third thoracic segment. Second pair of antenne, with a flagellum of thirteen long articles, extend to the posterior mar- gin of the fifth thoracic segment. FIG. 71.—CIROLANA LIN- The first three segments of the Fic. 72.—CIRo- auirroxs. x 13!. a, thorax are short; the other four seg- aan a emibentecate long. The epimera of the eae second, third, and fourth segments ar not produced at the apex; those of the fifth, sixth, and seventh but shghtly produced. All the abdominal segments conspicuous, the first five being of equal leneth. The fifth segment is as wide as the fourth, and the lateral parts are not covered by the post-lateral angles of the preceding seg- ment. The terminal segment is rounded posteriorly, faintly crenulate and fringed with long hairs. The base of this segment is raised above the other portion and has a well-defined edge with two points extend- ing backward, one on either side of the median line. The uropoda extend beyond the tip of the abdomen; the inner branch is obliquely truncate; the outer branch is more rounded; both branches are fringed with lone hairs. The prehensile legs are short; the ambulatory legs are long and slender. The legs increase gradually in length from the first to the seventh pair. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 91 Two specimens, from Monterey Bay, California, collected by Mr. Heath from sandy shore at mean tide. Type.—Cat. No. 22564, U.S.N.M. CIROLANA CHILTONI, new species. Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 5 mm.: 11 mm. Head wider than long, about twice as wide as long, 1$ mm.: 3 mm. with the front produced in a prominent process which widens anteri- orly beyond the antennz, arches over them and is confluent with the frontal lamina. The eyes are large, composite, and occupy the antero- lateral corners of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first article large, the second article somewhat shorter, and the third article about one and a half times longer than the second. The peduncle extends to the posterior margin of the head. The flagellum, which is composed of fif- teen articles, extends to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The second pair of antenne have the first two articles extremely short and about equal in length; the third and fourth are subequal and each article is about as long as the first two taken together; the fifth article is twice as long as either of the two preceding articles. The peduncle of the second antenne extends to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The flagel- lum is composed of thirteen articles and extends a lincle: beyond the post-lateral) angle.of the fifth 5... +3 —crmopana thoracic segment. CHILTONI. a, HEAD. x The seven thoracic segments are subequal in >. pices he length. Epimera are distinct on the last six seg- ments. The last three have the post-lateral angles slightly produced beyond the posterior margins of the segments. The first segment of the abdomen is short, being partly covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The second, third, and fourth seg- ments are equal in length and width. The fifth segment is as wide as the preceding segment, and the lateral parts are not covered by the lateral angles of the fourth segment. This segment is a little longer than any of the three preceding segments in the middle of the dorsal surface. The sixth or terminal segment is posteriorly triangular, with apex acute. The inner branch of the uropoda is very broad and obliquely truncate, the outer and inner posterior angles being acute. The outer branch is narrow and posteriorly rounded; it extends to the outer posterior angle of the inner branch. Both branches, as well as the posterior margin of the terminal segment are fringed with long hairs. The base of the terminal abdominal segment is raised above 92 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. the posterior portion of the segment, and has the posterior edge sharply defined. This carina is inthe form of three lobes, two lateral lobes and a median lobe, which is truncate. The first three pairs of legs are short and prehensile; the four fol- lowing pairs are ambulatory and densely spinulose. Two specimens, both females, were collected at San Francisco, Cal- ifornia, by Mr. T. G. Cary, jr. They were found in dead Hippa. The types are in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Cat. No. 1621. M. C. Z. This species is named for Prof. Charles Chilton, the distinguished carcinologist. CIROLANA MINUTA Hansen. Cirolana minuta HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 347-348, pl. 1, figs. 5-5d; pl. iv, figs. 1-1f.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 512.—Sreppine, Willey’s Zool. Results, 1902, p. 634. Localities.—St. Thomas, West Indies; also Lifu, Loyalty Islands (Stebbing). Body oblong-ovate, about two and a third times longer than wide, somewhat convex. The head is formed almost as in C. parva. The eyes are moderately large, larger than in other species, brown- ish, almost wider than long, the ocelli rather numerous, somewhat convex. The frontal lamina is about two and a half times longer than wide, oblong-pentagonal, or almost hexagonal, with the apex anteriorly truneate, the basal part furnished with a moderately large acuminate tubercle. The clypeus is small, much shorter than the labrum. The first pair of antenne are somewhat elongate, extending some- what beyond the peduncle of the second pair of antennze; the peduncle is a little longer than the flagellum, and is composed of two articles; the flagellum is slender and is composed of seven articles. The second pair of antenne do not extend quite to the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic segment; the peduncle is slender, with the fourth article almost twice as long as the third article, and a little shorter than the fifth article; the flagellum is composed of seventeen or eighteen articles. The mandibles have the cutting edge partly concealed by the labrum, seen at first rather narrow. The maxillipeds are short, with the fifth article largest, wider than long, somewhat larger than both of the last articles. The segments of the thorax are almost as in C. parva. The epimera are moderately large, differing a little in size, and fur- nished with the two usual furcee; the posterior epimera are a little produced posteriorly, with apex acute. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 93 The legs are slender, with the second article somewhat elongate; the first pair of legs are manifestly stouter than the second pair of legs; the second and third pairs of legs have the fourth article pro- duced on the exterior side to the middle of the fifth article; the fifth and seventh pairs of legs are subequal; the second pair are somewhat longer and the sixth pair a little shorter. The anterior segments of the abdomen and the pleopoda are almost as in C. parva. The last segment of the abdomen is somewhat wider Fic. 74.—CIROLANA MINUTA (AFTER HANSEN). a, POSTERIOR PART OF ABDOMEN. 0b, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD (FROM BELOW). ¢, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR. d, ADULT MALE. ¢, LATERAL VIEW OF SAME. f, SECOND LEG. g, FIFTH LEG. h, SEVENTH LEG. 7, MAXILLIPED. j, MANDIBLE. k, FrrstT MAXILLA. 7, SECOND MAXILLA. (ENLARGED.) than long, extends a very little beyond the uropoda, is a little linguate and evenly convex, with the posterior margin widely rounded and furnished with about eight spines. The uropoda are short and wide. The inner branch is more than one-half longer than wide; the posterior part of the inner margin is strongly curved, and furnished with plumose cilia and a few spines; the apex forms a right angle, is bifid, and furnished with a few long simple hairs; the exterior margin is somewhat curved. The 94 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. outer branch is short, with apex bifid and furnished with long simple hairs. The peduncle has the inner posterior angle reaching a little beyond the middle of the inner branch. The color of the specimens, preserved for a long time in alcohol, is a pale brown. The male appendage extends a long distance beyond the inner branch, is narrow, straight, rather compressed, with apex acuminate. @ «The above description is adapted from the following one of Hansen’s: Diagn. Corpus oblongo-ovatum. Frons in processum, a fronte visum longiorem, sat angustum nonnihil circumflexum, cum jiamina frontali conjunctum, producta. Lamina frontalis fere oblongo-hexagona, parte basali cornu instructa. Antennulee pedunculo antennarnm nonnihil longiores; pedunculus biarticulatus. Antenne cir- citer medium truncum attingentes. Epimera mediocria, furcis solitis instructa. Pedes graciliores, simplices. Segmentum ultimum caudie uropoda perpaulum superans, lingulatum, paulum et equaliter convexum, margine posteriore late rotundato, spinis ce. 8 ornato. Uropoda brevia, lata; ramus interior ramo exteriore multo longior, margine postero-interiore valde excuryato, apice bifido angulum subrecto formante. Long. maris 4, 3 mm., long. feminze 4, 8 mm. Corpus oblongo-ovatum, circiter duplo et tertia parte longius quam latius, nonnihil convexum. Frons fere ut in C. parva formata. Oculi mediocres, majores quam in speciebus ceteris, brunnescentes, fere latiores quam longiores, ocellis sat numerosis, nonnihil convexis. Lamina frontalis circiter duplo et dimidio longior quam latior, oblongo-pentagona vel fere hexagona, apice anteriore truncato, parte basali cornu mediocri, acuminato instructa. Clypeus parvus, labro multo brevior. Antennule nonnihil elongate, pedunculum antennarum nonnihil superantes; pedunculus flagello paulo longior, biarticulatus; flagellum gracilius; 7-articulatum. Antenne marginem posteriorem segmenti quarti trunci non attingentes; peduncu- lus gracilior, articulo quarto fere duplo longiore quam articulo tertio, paulo breviore quam articulo quinto; flagellum 17-vel 18-articulatum. Mandibulz acie ex parte a labro tecta, prino visu sat angusta. Maxillipedes breves, articulo quinto maximo, latiore quam longiore, aliquanto majore quam articulis ambobus ultimis. Segmenta trunci fere ut in C. parva. Epimera mediocria, magnitudine paulum inter se discrepantia, furcis binis solitis instructa; epimera posteriora postice paulum producta, apice acuto. Pedes gracili- ores, articulo secundo nonnihil elongato; pedes primi paris pedibus secundi paris manifesto crassiores; pedes secundi et tertii parium articulo quarto in latere exteriore haud ad medium articulum quintum producto; pedes quinti et septimi parium zequilongi, pedibus secundi paris nonnihil longiores et pedibus sexti paris paulo breviores. Segmenta anteriora caudze et pleopoda fere ut in C. parva. Segmentum ultimum ‘audee nonnihil latius quam longius; cetera in diagnosi commemorata. Uropoda brevia, lata. Remus interior plus quam dimidio longior quam latior; margo postero-interior valde excuryatus, ciliis mediocribus plumosis et spinis non- nullis instructus; apex angulum subrectum formans, bifidus, setis nonnullis longis, simplicibus instructus; margo exterior aliquantum excurvatus. Ramus exterior brevis, apice bifido, setis longis, simplicibus instructo. Scapus angulo postero- interiore paulum ultra medium ramum interiorem attingente. Color in speciminibus diu in spiritu vini asservatis pallide brunnescens. Appendix masculina ramum interiorem longe superans, recta, angusta, sat com- pressa, apice acuminato, acuto.—Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 047-348. c© On ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. CIROLANA CONCHARUM (Stimpson). Aga concharum Stimpson, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p. 42.—LitKen, Vidensk. Meddel., 1859, p. 77. Conilera concharum HArGeER in VerRILL, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1873, Pt. 1, ee p- 572 (278); p. 459 (165). =, ~ = . - - + ( — oN PE Cirolana concharum Harcrr, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., Sy /* af II, 1879, p. 161; Report U. S. Commissioner of ati WE Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 378-381, pls. =| ~. /--—— a a rx-x, figs. 58-63; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Har- Pg a EES vard College, XI, No. 4, 1883, pl. 1, fig. 4; pl. u, | pire ee figs. 4-4c.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, | Ns XXXIV, 1900, p. 216; Proc. U. §. Nat. Mus., fable eee : | = XXIII, 1901, p. 513. J—$— ane : ' ‘ bee es LX Localittes.—Currituck, North Carolina; Ti \ == Ws Charleston, South Carolina; Woods Hole, Mas- 777"; ——\\\ ‘ re eel hay sachusetts; Amagansett, Long Island; Vineyard TN ee oe NS Y a ae > T 1 f Jif LK Sound; off Fishers Island; off New Shoreham; i /* Block Island; Long Island Sound; Halifax, Nova PN edn Scotia. FIG. 75,—CIROLANA CONCHA- Deni —ourtace: to. 183i fathoms; muddy and " "U™ (AFTER Hanerr). sandy bottom. From stomach of skate; under eye of Pseudotriacis microdon. It feeds on the common blue crab. From a single crab as many as 108 specimens have been taken. | ad | a e€ FIG. 76.—CIROLANA CONCHARUM. a, MAXILLIPED. x 15}. b, MANDIBLE. X 15}. c, FIRST MAXILLA. < 153. d, FRONTAL LAMINA. X 27}. e, SECOND MAXILLA. x 15}. Body oblong-ovate, about three times longer than broad; 8 mm.: | 23 mm. | Head wider than long, 3 mm.:4 mm., with the anterior margin | rounded and produced in a small median point. Eyes small, irregular | in outline, composed of numerous ocelli, and situated in the antero- 96 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antennz have the first two articles short and subequal; the third is as long as the first two taken together. The flagellum is composed of seventeen articles and extends to the antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment. The second antenne have the first two articles short and subequal; the third and fourth are subequal and each is as long as the first and second together; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of sixteen articles and extends to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The maxillipeds are composed of seven articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first, fourth, fifth, and sixth segments of the thorax are subequal in length, being each 2 mm. long. The second, third, and seventh are subequal and each is 14 mm. in length. The epimera are distinctly separated from the seg- ments on all but the first seoment. In the epim- era of the sixth and sev- enth segments the outer post-lateral angle is acutely produced be- yond the posterior mar- gin of the segments. FIG. 77.—CIROLANA CONCHARUM (AFTER HARGER). a, LAST SEG- All aL segments of MENT OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. X 6. 0b, LEG OF FIRST theabdomenare distinct. PAIR. X 8. ¢c, LEG OF FOURTH PAIR. X 8. d, LEG OF SEVENTH The last segment is tri- PAIR. X 8. . . angular in shape, with the apex notched. The uropods do not extend beyond the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment. Both are of equal length, the outer branch being only one-third as wide as the inner branch. There is a notch on the exterior margin of the inner branch near its poste- rior extremity. The inner angle of the peduncle of the uropoda is produced and extends two-thirds the length of the terminal abdominal segment. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile; the last four pairs ambu- latory. a \ % Gf 4 Z “ % v h } ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 97 $ CIROLANA IMPRESSA Harger. Cirolana impressa Harcer, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard College, XI, 1883, No. 4, pp. 93-95, pl. 1, figs. 3-3d; pl. u, figs. 3-3c.—VERRILL, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1885, p. 559, pl. xxxv1, fig. 165.— Ricuarpson, American Naturalist, X XXIV, 1900, p. 216; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 513. Localities.—Latitude 40° 2’ 24” north, longitude 70° 23’ 40” west; latitude 40° 3’ north, longitude 70° 31’ west; latitude 39° 57’ north, if | \\ t {i \ ) NN ; NW Y | ‘" ll " i IN i i\ h Aa! AA HT AWE ARUN, © h é HAE TAN i DANTE INI ; HL ; NOs Fic. 78.—CIROLANA IMPRESSA (AFTER HARGER). a, SECOND ANTENNA. X 12. b, FIRST ANTENNA, xX 12. c, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. xX 8. d, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. X 3. €, LEG OF FIRST PAIR. xX 8. jf, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. X 6. g, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR. X 8. | h, LEG OF FOURTH PAIR. X 8. longitude 69° 47’ west; latitude 39° 55’ 28” north, longitude 69° 47’ west; Chesapeake Bay; off Cape Hatteras. Depth.—100-321 fathoms. Body elongate, almost cylindrical, three and a half times longer than wide, 6 mm.: 21 mm. Head wider than long, 24 mm.: 35 mm., with the anterior margin widely rounded and slightly excavate on either side of a small median 28589—05 . i 98 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. point. The eyes are small, composite, and situated in the antero- lateral angles of the head. The first two articles of the first pair of antenne are short and subequal; the third article is as long as the first two taken together. The flagellum is composed of twelve short articles. The first antennz extend to the antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment or to the end of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The first two articles of the second antennz are short and subequal; the third and fourth articles are subequal and each is as long as the first two taken together; the fifth is only a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of twenty articles. The second antennz extend to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped is composed of seven articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The frontal lamina is narrow, elongate, and has the anterior margin rounded. The first segment of the thorax is 2 mm. long, and is longer than any of the following segments. The second and third are subequal, a b e Fic. 79.—CIROLANA IMPRESSA. «, MAXILLIPED. x 15}. b, FIRST MAXILLA. X 15} c, FRONTAL LAM- INA. X 273. d, MANDIBLE. xX 15}. €, SECOND MAXILLA. xX 15}. each being 14 mm. long. The fourth, fifth, and sixth are subequal, being 2 mm. in length, and each a little longer than either the second or third segments. The seventh segment is 1} mm. long. The epimera. are distinct, separated on all the segments with the exception of the first. The first four have the outer post-lateral angles rounded; the last two have the outer post-lateral angles acutely produced beyond the posterior margins of the segments. There is a carina on all the epimera. The first segment of the abdomen is entirely covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is rounded posteri- orly and has the posterior margin crenu'ate and furnished with spines. The uropoda are as long as the terminal segment. The inner branch is a little longer than the outer branch, is emarginate on the exterior margin near the extremity and has one long spine in the emargination, and four long ones on the posterior margin; the exterior and posterior margins are crenulate. Below the emargination the inner branch is ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. Sy wide and posteriorly truncate or slightly emarginate. The outer branch is about half as wide as the inner branch, and is furnished with one long spine at its posterior extremity. The inner angle of the peduncle extends about two-thirds the length of the terminal segment of the abdomen. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last four pairs ambu- latory. The propodus of the first pair is armed with six spines, the carpus with one, the merus with twelve long ones on the inferior mar- gin and one at the outer distal angle of the exterior margin. In the second and third pairs there are five spines on the propodus, four long ones on the carpus, and nine long ones on the inferior margin of the merus, with one long spine at the outer distal angle on the exterior margin. | CIROLANA POLITA (Stimpson). Aga polita Stimpson, Smith. Cont. to Knowl., VI, 1853, p. 41.—LitirKen, Vidensk. Meddel., 1859, p. 77.—VERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), V, 1873, p. 16. Conilera polita HARGER, in Smith and Harger, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., III, 1874, pp. 3, 22.—VerrriLL, Am. Jour. Sci., VII, 1874, p. 411. Cirolana polita Harcer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 381-382.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 217; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 514. Localities.—Bay of Fundy; Cape Cod Bay; Salem, Massachusetts; Georges Bank; east of Banquereau; off Long Beach, Grand Menan, New Brunswick. Depth.—1\-321 fathoms. Nature of bottom, coarse yellow sand; soft sandy mud. Body narrow, elongate, about four times as long as wide, 4 mm. : 16 mm.; very convex, almost cylindrical. The head is a little wider than long, 2 mm.:3 mm.; its anterior margin is rounded, and produced in a small median point. The eyes are small, square, and composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles short and subequal; the third is twice as long as either of the other two. The flagellum is composed of twelve articles. The first pair of antenne extend to the end of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne or to the antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment. The second antenne have the first two articles short and subequal; the third and fourth are subequal and each is as long as the first two taken together; the fifth is narrower than the preceding articles, a little more than half as wide, and is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of ten articles.” The second pair of antennie extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxillipeds are composed of seven articles. The mandibles have a palp of three @In all the specimens examined, 100 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. articles. The frontal lamina is small, almost inconspicuous. The terminal lobe of the first article of the maxille of the first pair is drawn out into three elongated processes which are fringed with hairs. Fic. 80.—CIROLANA POLITA (AFTER HARGER). a, SECOND ANTENNA. X 12. b, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. X 3. Cc, FIRSTANTENNA. X 12. d, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. X 6. @, LEG OF FOURTH PAIR. xX 8. jf, LEG OF FIRST PAIR. xX 8. The fourth, fifth, and sixth segments of the thorax are a little longer than any of the others. The epimera are distinct on all but the first segment. They are narrow, oblong plates with the posterior angles . of the last two acutely produced some distance beyond the posterior margin of the segments. All the segments of the abdomen are a b c d Fig. 81.—CIROLANA POLITA. da, MAXILLIPED. xX 27}. 6b, MANDIBLE. xX 273. c, FIRST MAXILLA. < 271. d, SECOND MAXILLA. X 272. distinct. The sixth or terminal segment is triangular in shape, with the apex crenulate. The inner branch of the uropoda is as long as the terminal segment of the body and has a slight emargination on the ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. LOD exterior margin near the posterior extremity. The exterior margin of this branch is also crenulate above and below the emargination. Below the emargination the inner branch is narrow and posteriorly pointed. The outer branch is half as wide as the inner branch, is acutely pointed, and terminates in a single long spine. It extends as far as the emargination in the exterior margin of the inner branch. \ Rei NS p Vy / I SS a TT INS Fig. 82.—CIROLANA BOREALIS (AFTER HARGER) ad, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. X 6, b, FIRST LEG. xX 8. ¢, FOURTH LEG. XxX 9. d, SEVENTH LEG. xX 9. The peduncle of the uropoda extends two-thirds the length of the last abdominal segment. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile. In these legs the pro- podus is armed with five spines; the carpus with one spine in the first pair of legs and with three spines in the other two pairs; the merus with ten spines in the last two pairs and with thirteen in the first pair; at the distal extremity of the merus on the exterior side is a single long terminal spine. The last four pairs of legs are ambulatory and are beset with spines. CIROLANA BOREALIS Lilljeborg. Cirolana borealis LiatusEBoRG, Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1851, p. 23. Cirolana spinipes Barr and Westwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crustacea, II, 1868, p. 299.—Harcer, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, XJ, No. 4, 1883, pp. 91-93, pl. 1, figs. 2-2d; pl. 1, figs. 1-le. Cirolana borealis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 321-822, pl. 1, figs. 1-lvy.—Scorr, Ann. Scottish Nat. Hist., 1898, p. 222.—G. O. Sars, Crust. 102 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. of Norway, IL, 1899, pp. 70-71, pl. xxrx.—RicHarpson, American Natural- ist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 216; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 513.— OunLIN, Bihang till K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., XX VI, Afd. 1v, 1901, No. 12, pp. 23-24.—Do.tiFus, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, XX VIII, 1903, pp. 5-6.—Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XIV, 1904, p. 4837.—HAnsEn, Journ. Linn. Soe. London, X XIX, 1905, pp. 342-343. Localities. —Ott Cape Florida; Atlantic coast of North America; also British Isles; Shetland Isles; northern part of the western coast of France; latitude 61° 16’ north, longitude 1° 18’ east; Mediterranean at Villefranche and Naples; southern and western coast of Norway; Kat- tegat; latitude 64° 48’ north, longitude 6° 52’ east. Depth.—30-300 fathoms; 140 m. to 1,210 m. (Dollfus); 808 fathoms (Norman). Stebbing ” says of this form: ‘It is a good swimmer, tenacious of life, a savage devourer of fish, and not to be held in the human hand with impunity.” Fic. 83.—CIROLANA BOREALIS (AFTER HARGER). @, LATERAL VIEW. X 3. 6, SECOND ANTENNA. x 10. ¢c, FIRST ANTENNA. X10. d, PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR OF MALE. X 8. According to Sars, C. borealis is *‘one of the most effective scaven- gers of the sea, excelling in this respect even the most voracious species of Anonyx among the amphipoda.”? Body oblong-ovate, almost two and a half times longer than broad, 5 mm.:12 mm., very convex. Head wider than long, 2 mm.:3 mm., with the anterior margin widely rounded and produced in a small median point. Eyes small, round, composite, and placed in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles short, the second « Hist. of Crustacea, 1893, p. 3438. Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 71. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 103 a little shorter than the first; the third is equal in length to the first two taken together. The flagellum is composed of twelve articles. The first antenne extend to the end of the fourth article of the peduncle of the second antenne. ‘The first two articles of the second pair of antenne are short; the second is shorter than the first; the third and fourth articles are about equal in length and each is as long as the first two taken together; the fifth article is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of twenty-four articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped is composed of seven articles. The palp of the mandible is composed of three articles. The frontal lamina is nar- row and elongate, with the anterior end rounded and more flattened than the posterior end, which is attenuated. The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of those follow- ing. The seventh segment is shorter than any of the others. The a b c d Fic. 84.—CIROLANA BOREALIS. a, MAXILLIPED. xX 27}. b, MANDIBLE. X 27}. c, SECOND MAXILLA. x 273. d, FRONTAL LAMINA. X 513. epimera are distinct on all the segments with the exception of the first. They are broad plates, the last four being wider than the first two and crossed obliquely by a carina. The outer post-lateral angles of the last three are produced beyond the posterior margin of the seg- ment and are more acute than in the first three. The first segment of the abdomen is partly concealed by the last thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment becomes narrower to a rounded extremity, which is crenulate and furnished with ten spines. The inner branch of the uropoda is wide and extends some- what beyond the extremity of the last abdominal segment. Its outer post-lateral angle is slightly produced. The outer branch is half as wide as the inner branch, is a little shorter, and is produced to a pointed extremity. The margins of both branches are crenulate and armed with spines. The peduncle extends about two-thirds the length of the terminal abdominal segment. 104 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile and have the propodus in the first pair armed with five spines, the carpus with one and the merus with eleven long spines and many short ones on the inferior margin, and one long one at the outer distal angle, and the ischium armed with one spine. In the second and third pairs the propodus Fic. 85.—CIROLANA BOREALIS (AFTER HANSEN). @d, LEG OF FIFTH PAIR. b, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR OF YOUNG MALE. Cc, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. d, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR. @€, THREE BASAL ARTI- CLES OF LEFT MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. jf, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR OF ADULT MALE. g, LEFT MAXILLA OF SECOND PAIR OF MALE. hh, DISTAL PART OF MOLAR PROCESS OF MANDIBLE. 7%, MANDIBLE (LEFT SIDE). j, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL VIEW). k, MANDIBLE (RIGHT SIDE). 1, MIDDLE PART OF HEAD, RIGHT MANDIBLE, MAXILLEZ AND MAXILLIPEDS OMITTED. m, POSTERIOR PART OF ABDOMEN OF MALE. 7, LEFT MAXILLA OF FIRST PAIR. 0, BASAL PART OF LEFT MAXILLIPED. (ENLARGED.) is armed with two spines, the carpus with three long spines and five short ones, the merus with six long spines and three short ones on the inner margin and three long ones at the outer distal end, and the ischium with three spines. The last four pairs of legs are ambulatory and furnished with numerous spines. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERIGA. 105 CIROLANA GRACILIS Hansen. Cirolana gracilis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 329-331, pl. m1, figs. 2-2¢.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 513. Locality.—St. Thomas, West Indies. Body more than three times longer than wide, somewhat convex. Front produced forward in a process a little wider and shorter than in (C. borealis. Eyes large, brownish, seen from the side almost as wide as long, with the superior margin short and straight; the ocelli are few and large, rather convex on the superior side, somewhat convex on the inferior side. The frontal lamina is very narrow, becoming narrower toward the apex, with the lateral margins disappearing anteriorly but manifest posteriorly. The clypeus is scarcely shorter than the labrum with the anterior, posterior, and lateral margins elevated and with a median rib, enclosing two impressed, reticulate areas. The first pair of antenne are a little stouter than in C. borealis, and extend a little beyond the apex of the fourth article of the penduncle of the second pair of antenne. The second pair of antenn reach the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic segment; the peduncle has the third article scarcely longer than the fourth, and a little shorter than the fifth; the flagellum is com- posed of about twenty-six articles. The mandibles and the maxillipeds are almost as in C. borealis. The thoracic segments are subequal in length; the first segment is scarcely shorter than the head and a little longer than the fifth seg- ment; the seventh segment is rather long. The epimera are a little narrower than in (C. neglecta, otherwise formed as in that species with furce. The first three pairs of legs are formed almost as in C. borealis, nevertheless they are somewhat more slender and furnished with a few hairs and a few spines mostly longer. The last four pairs of legs are more slender than in C. borealis, and are rather different from them. The fifth pair of legs are elongated, are somewhat longer than the seventh pair of legs, and a little shorter than the sixth pair of legs; the second article is formed as in C. borealis with simple hairs arranged in three series; the other articles are some- what more slender than in C. boreal/s and ornamented with hairs and a few spines; the fourth article is rather dilated; the fifth article is quite dilated and furnished everywhere on the superior side with a few spines. The fourth pair of legs are rather short. The seventh pair of legs are rather different; the second article is flattened and 106 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. very much elongated, about two and a half times longer than wide, with the exterior margin thickly furnished with plumose hairs, the middle margin furnished with a few simple hairs, the interior margin bare, the apical margin furnished with numerous very long, plumose hairs; the other articles are simple, scarcely dilated, shorter, and fur- nished with very few hairs. The sixth pair of legs differ but little from the fifth pair of legs. The first five segments of the abdomen and the pleopods have the usual structure. The last segment of the abdomen is more than a half wider than long, having in the middle near the base a transverse depression, the d Fig. 86.—CIROLANA GRACILIS (AFTER HANSEN). @, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR. Db, LEG OF SECOND PAIR. ¢, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR. d, LEG OF FIFTH PAIR. €, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD. Jf, LATERAL VIEW OF MALE. g, DORSAL VIEW OF ADULT MALE. h, POSTERIOR PART OF ABDOMEN. (ENLARGED. ) margins posteriorly being obliquely truncate and ornamented with about eight spines and long hairs, the apex acute. The uropoda are rather short; the inner branch is scarcely twice as long as wide, extending somewhat beyond the abdomen, being a little longer than the exterior branch and much narrower, with the poste- rior margin much shorter than the anterior margin, the apex scarcely acute; both branches are furnished with a few small spines and hairs, mostly long, and longer than in the preceding species (C. neglecta); the peduncle has the inner angle strongly produced, extending a long distance beyond the middle of the inner branch. The color of an old specimen is yellowish brown. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 107 The male appendage is long, curved almost like a semicircle, extend- ing beyond the apex of the inner branch, almost of equal width and thickness throughout, with apex rounded.@ «The above description is adapted from the following one of Hansen’s: Diagn. Oculi brunnescentes, a latere visi fere xque lati ac longi, ocellis pauciori- bus, superioribus sat convexis, inferioribus aliquantum convexis. Clypeus ad medium area biimpressa et pulchre sculpta ornatus. Epimera omnia furca arcuata, manifesta et furca marginali ornata. Pedes quinti paris pedibus septimi paris non- nihil longiores, graciliores, articulo secundo circiter duplo longiore quam. latiore. Pedes septimi paris graciliores, articulo secundo valde elongato et complanato circiter duplo et dimidio longiore quam latiore. Segmentum ultimum caudze postice mar- ginibus valde in obliquum truncatis, spinis ¢. 8 ornatis, apice acuto. Uropoda ramis yalde ineequalibus; ramus interior haud duplo longior quam latior, caudam nonnihil superans, ramo exteriore parvo et angusto multo longior. Long. specim. sing. 8 mm. Corpus plus triplo longius quam latius, aliqaantum convexum. Frons prona in processum, paulo latiorem et breviorem quam in C. boreali, producta. Oculi majores, brunnescentes, a latere visi fere aque lati ac longi, margine super- iore breviore, recto; ocelli pauciores et majores, in latere superiore satis convexi, in latere inferiore aliquantum conyexi. Lamina frontalis angustissima, ad apicem versus angustata, marginibus lateralibus ante evanidis, postice manifestis. Clypeus labro vix brevior, margine et ante et in lateribus et postice et costa media elevatis, areas duas impressas, recticulatas cingentibus. : Antennule paulo crassiores quam in C. boreali, paulum ultra apicem articuli quarti antennarum pedunculi prominentes. Antenne marginem posteriorem segmenti quarti trunci attingentes; pedunculus articulo tertio vix longiore quam quarto et paulo breviore quam quinto; flagellum c. 26—articulatum. Mandibule et maxillipedes fere ut in C. boreali. Segmenta trunci longitudine minus inzequalia; segmentum primum capite vix bre- vius et segmento quinto paulo longius; segmentum septimum longius. Epimera paulo angustiora quam in C. neglecta, ceteroquin ut in illa specie formata et furcata. Pedes parium trium anteriorum fere ut in C. boreali formati, tamen nonnihil gra- ciliores, setis paucioribus et spinis paucioribus et ex parte longioribus instructi. Pedes quattuor parium posteriorum graciliores quam in C. boreali et ab eis sat diversi. Pedes quinti paris elongati, pedibus septimi paris nonnihil longiores et pedi- bus sexti paris perpaulo breviores; articulus secundus ut in C. boreali formatus, setis in series tres dispositis simplicibus; articuli ceteri aliquanto graciliores quam in C. boreali, setis et spinis minus numerosis ornati; articulus quartus sat dilatatus, articu- lus quintus perpaulum dilatatus, uterque in latere superiore spinis paucis ornatus. Pedes quarti paris sat breves. Pedes septimi paris sat aberrantes; articulus secun- dus complanatus et valde elongatus, circiter duplo et dimidio longior quam latior, margine exteriore setis densis plumosis, margine medio setis paucis simplicibus, margine interiore nudo, margine apicali setis compluribus perlongis, plumosis instructo; articuli ceteri simplices, yix dilatati, breviores, setis perpaucis instructi. Pedes sexti paris a pedibus quinti paris paulum diversi. Segmenta quinque anteriora caudee et pleopoda structura solita. Segmentum ultimum caudze plus dimidio latius quam longius, ad medium prope basin magis in transversum impressum postice marginibus valde in obliquum trun- eatis, spinis c. 8 et ciliis longis ornatis, apice acuto. Uropoda sat brevia; ramus interior haud duplo longior quam latior, caudam non- nihil superans, ramo exteriore parvo et angusto multo longior, margine posteriore 108 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. CIROLANA OBTRUNCATA Richardson. Cirolana obtruncata RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 514.— Moore, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, XX, Pt.,2, 1902, p. 167, pl. vii, figs. 9-12. d FIG. 87.—CIROLANA OBTRUNCATA (AFTER MOORE). a, GENERAL FIGURE. b, ABDOMEN (LAST SEGMENT WITH UROPODA). ¢, SEVENTH LEG. d, FIRST LEG. Localities.—Kingston, Jamaica; Fajardo, Porto Rico; a third speci- \ men is in the collection of the U.S. National Museum from un- known locality. Head transversely oval. Eyes small, lateral. First pair of an- tenn short, reaching a little be- h yond the posterior margin of the | head; flagellum, twelve jointed. - Fig. 88.—CIROLANA OB- e d TRUNCATA. ABDOMEN Fic. 89.—CIROLANA OBTRUNCATA. d@, MANDIBLE. AND LAST TWO THORACIC b, SECOND MAXILLA. ¢, FIRST MAXILLA. d, MAX- SEGMENTS. ILLIPED. ALL x 513. quam margine anteriore multo breviore, apice vix acuto; ramus uterque spinis par- vis paucioribus et ciliis ex parte longis et longioribus quam in speciebus preecedentibus instructus; scapus angulo interiore yalde producto, longe ultra medium ramum interiorem prominente. Color in specimine vetere flavo-brunnescens. Appendix masculina longa, fere semicirculariter curvata, ultra apicem rami inte- rioris prominens, ubique latitudine et crassitudine fere eequali, apice rotundato.— Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 329-331. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 109 Second pair of antennz reach the middle of the third thoracic seg- ment; flagellum, twenty-one jointed. Thoracic segments subequal; first one somewhat longer than others. Epimera of second, third, and fourth segments posteriorly rounded; of fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth segments pointed posteriorly. First abdominal segment partly covered by last thoracic segment, following four segments subequal; terminal segment with its posterior margin truncate and minutely crenulate. Uropoda not longer than posterior margin of terminal seoment: i : r branch longer and broader Fig. 90.—CIROLANA OB- erminal segment; inner branch longer and broader (ieee, Prowrat, than outer branch, and crenulate. Both branches — tamya,cryprus, anv rout ded y08t sriorl 4 LABRUM (DIAGRAM- 2 pee MG MATIC). Color, brown. Type specimen from Kingston, Jamaica; taken from surface. : Sesser Type.—Cat. No. 23901, U.S.N.M. CIROLANA HARFORDI (Lockington.) Aga harfordi Locxtneton, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., VII, 1877, Pt. 1, p. 46. Cirolana californica Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 8388-339.— Caiman, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., XI, 1898, p. 274. Cirolana harfordi RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 822-823; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 163; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 217.—Harriman Alaska Expedition, Crustacea, X, 1904, p. 213; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X X VII, 1904, p. 658.—Houmgs, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (3), III, 1904, pp. 319-321. Localities. —V ictoria, British Columbia; California; Santa Rosa Island; San Diego; Catalina Harbor; Pacific Grove; Monterey Bay; Lower California; Wilson Cove, California; Santa Cruz, California; Farallones, California; San Pedro, California. Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 85 mm: 8 mm. Head wider than long, 1 mm.: 2 mm. with the anterior margin widely rounded. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles about equal in length; the third is twice as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of ten articles. The first antenne extend to the end of the peduncle of the second antenne, or to the antero-lateral angle of the first thoracic segment. The sec- ond pair of antenne have the first two articles short, and subequal; the third is a little longer than the second; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of thirty-three articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the fifth thoracic segment. The maxillipeds are composed of seven articles. The mandible has a palp of three articles, 110 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The frontal lamina is conspicuous, short and broad, with the anterior margin somewhat triangulate. The first segment of the thorax is twice as long as any of the others, which are subequal. The epimera are distinct on all the segments with the exception of the first. Those of the last two segments have the outer post-lateral angle produced beyond the posterior margins of the segments. A carina crosses all the epimera, being oblique in the last four and longitudinal in the first two. The first two segments of the abdomen are entirely concealed by the seventh thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is attenua- ted posteriorly, with the apex rounded, and furnished with eighteen spines placed close together. The inner branch of the uropoda is as X\\ y / / jf ~ IG. 91.—CIROLANA HARFORDI. a, MAXILLIPED. ¢ 273. b, SECOND MAXILLA. xX 513%. c, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 513. d, MANDIBLE. X 27}. e€, FROTAL LAMINA. xX 512. long as the terminal segment of the body. It is broad posteriorly, with the posterior margin and the distal end of the exterior margin armed with spines. The outer branch is almost as long as the inner branch, is narrower and rounded posteriorly, and has its margins armed with spines. The peduncle of the uropoda has the inner angle produced to extend two-thirds the length of the last abdominal segment. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last four pairs ambu- latory. Inthe first pair there are three spines on the propodus, one on the carpus, three small sharp ones on the merus, and six large blunt ones, one long slender, pointed one, and one large blunt one on the ischium, with another long stout spine at the outer distal end. On the second and third pairs there is an additional spine on the propodus, three spines on the carpus, nine spines on the merus, with a small } | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. LET spine at the outer distal end, two spines on the ischium, with a long spine at the outer distal extremity. The specimen described is a very small one. The larger specimens have agreater number of spines on the terminal abdominal segment. The number of spines varies from sixteen to twenty-six, twenty to twenty-two being the average number. f Fic. 92.—CIROLANA HARFORDI (AFTER HANSEN). a, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 0, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD. ¢C, FIFTH LEG. d, SEVENTH LEG. ¢€, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. jf, POSTERIOR PART OF ; ABDOMEN, g, SECOND LEG. (ENLARGED.) i CIROLANA PARVA Hansen. ‘ r Cirolana parva Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 340-341, pl. ny, . figs. 6-6b; pl. m1, figs. 1-1d.—RicnarpsoN, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 217; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 514.—Moorgs, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p. 167, pl. vu, figs. 6-8. 3 S i Localities. Kev West, Florida; Gulf of Mexico; St. Thomas, West 4 Indies; St. Croix, West Indies; between the delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida; Andros Island, Bahamas; between Nassau % and Andros, Bahamas; Georgetown, Bahamas. . Depth.—25-27 fathoms. C Among alge, below low tide; banks, low tide. Body compact, oblong-ovate, nearly three times longer than wide, he 3mm.: 8 mm. ‘on Head wider than long, 1 mm.:2 mm., with the anterior margin widely rounded and produced ina small median point, which arches over the antenn to meet the frontal lamina on the other side. The . eyes are small, round, composed of many ocelli, and situated in the T BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles subequal and difficult to distinguish; the third is twice as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of twelve Fic. 93.—CIROLANA PARVA (AFTER HANSEN). a, ADULT MALE. b, LATERAL VIEW OF SAME. ¢, SECOND LEG. d, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD (VENTRAL VIEW). @€, FIFTH LEG. jf, SEVENTH LEG. g, POSTERIOR PART OF ABDOMEN. hf, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR. (ENLARGED.) = SS 7 wy af a b ec d e Fic. 94.—CIROLANA PARVA. @, MAXILLIPED. xX 512. 6, MANDIBLE. xX 512. c, FRONTAL LAMINA. ERAL FIGURE. X 53. b, FIRST ANTENNA. X_ 33. erenulate with the outer post- ¢ gsconn anTENNA: x 33. lateral angle acutely produced in two prominent teeth; the outer margin is faintly crenulate; both margins are furnished with spines. The outer branch is half as wide as the inner branch, is somewhat shorter, and is acutely produced in two prominent teeth. The peduncle extends to the inner post-lateral angle of the inner branch. 28589—05——8 ? 114 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile. The propodus is armed with one spine; the merus with five blunt ones. In the second and third pairs of legs the spines on the merus are sharper, and there is also a long spine at the outer distal extremity; the ischium is, more- over, furnished with one spine. In the third pair there is also a spine on the carpus. The ambulatory legs are beset with spines. CIROLANA ALBIDA Richardson. Cirolana albida Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 514-515. Locality.—Sugarloaf Key, Florida. This species is rather doubtful and may have to be suppressed, but until further evidence is furnished it may be allowed to stand for the present. It is very close to Cvrolana parva. Body narrow, relaxed, elongate, three and two-thirds timeslongerthan broad. Head transverse; eyes large, black. First pair of antenne extend to the end of the peduncle of the second pair; flagellum nine jointed. Second pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment; flagellum twenty-three jointed. First thoracic segment but little longer than those following, which are subequal in length. First ab- dominal segment entirely covered by seventh thoracic segment. Terminal Fie. 9.—Crrotana Segment triangulate with rounded ex- AeA tremity, its posterior margin denticu- late and bearing eight spines, the spines alternating with the teeth. The uropoda reach the end of the terminal segment; the inner branch is obliquely truncate posteriorly, and armed with spines; the outer branch is shorter and more slender than the inner branch, is pointed at its extremity, and armed posteriorly and on its external margin with Fic. 97.—CIROLANA spines. ALBIDA. Color white, with scattered black spots. Several specimens were taken by Mr. E. L. Morris at Sugarloaf Key, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 23902, U.S.N.M. CIROLANA CUBENSIS Hay. Cirolana cubensis Hay, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VI, 1903, pp. 429-435. Locality.—Cuba; in cavern at San Isidro. Body ovate; a little more than twice as long as wide; 3 mm.: 7mm. Head twice as wide as long—1 mm.: 2 mm.—with the anterior mar- gin rounded and produced ina median point. ‘The eyes are absent. a a ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 115 The first pair of antennze have the peduncle composed of only two articles, both long and narrow; the second is a little longer than the first. The flagellum is composed of fourteen articles, and extends to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The second pair of antennz have the first three articles short and subequal; the fourth and fifth articles are subequal in length, and each is as long as the first three articles taken together. The flagellum is composed of thirty articles, and extends to the middle of the fifth thoracic segment. The maxillipeds are composed of seven arti- cles. The palp of the mandibles is com- posed of three articles. The frontal lamina is short and broad, with the anterior ex- tremity rounded. The second, third, and fourth segments of the thorax are subequal, and each is about half as long as the first segment. The fifth, sixihejand, seventh segments are subequal, 1% %:.—Cmmouana cuBENsis and each is a little longer than any of the ana aieiae three preceding segments. The epimera of all the segments, with the exception of the first, are distinctly separated from the seg- ments. The epimera of the last two segments have the outer post- lateral angle acutely produced. All are crossed by an oblique carina. ‘ Fig. 99.—CIROLANA CUBENSIS. d@, MAXILLIPED. X 27}. b, MANDIBLE. X 27}. c, FRONTAL LAMINA. < 273. d, FIRST MAXILLA. X 27}. e€, SECOND MAXILLA. X 27}. The first segment of the abdomen is entirely covered by the seventh thoracic segment, with the exception of the post-lateral angles. The terminal segment is rounded posteriorly and has the posterior margin smooth. The uropoda do not extend beyond the extremity of the abdomen. The inner branch is twice as wide as the outer branch and is posteriorly pointed. The inner branch is obliquely truncate, The 116 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. margins are smooth and furnished with hairs, asis the terminal abdom- inal segment. The inner angle of the peduncle of the uropoda is pro- duced. The first pair of legs are somewhat prehensile. All the others are ambulatory. 20. Genus CONILERA Leach.é First pair of antennv with basal article of peduncle not extended straight in front at right angles to remaining part of antenna. Pedun- cle of the second pair of antennse composed of five articles. The plate of the second article of the maxillipeds is furnished with hooks. The first pair of pleopods have the peduncle elongated, somewhat longer than wide, hard, and furnished on the inner side with about nine hooks; the inner branch is rather elongated, narrow, hard, with the inner margin straight, thick, almost bare, the outer margin furnished with moderately long hairs; the outer branch is shorter than the inner branch, ovate, hard, furnished with a longitudinal furrow, with the pos- terior margin furnished with moderately long hairs; the pleopods thus form a large operculum, covering the other pleopods. The pedun- cle of the second pair of pleopods is scarcely wider than long; the branches are of the usual structure. The peduncle of the uropoda has the inner posterior angle somewhat produced. The six segments of the abdomen are distinct. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CONILERA. a. Eyes present. First pair of antenne extend to the middle of the fifth article of the peduncle of the second pair of antennee. The second pair of antennze extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. Body four times longer than wide. Conilera cylindracea (Montagu ) ‘. Eyes wanting. First pair of antenne extend to the middle of the first thoracic a. segment. The second pair of antenne extend to the middle of the seventh thoracic segment. Body five times longer than wide. --Conilera stygia Packard CONILERA CYLINDRACEA (Montagu). Oniscus cylindraceus Mon'raau, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., VII, 1804, p. 71, pl: v1, fig. 8. Conilera montagui Leacu, Dict. Sci. Natur., XII, 1818, p. 348.—DEsMAREsT, Consid. Crust., 1825, p. 304.—Miine Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 242. Conilera cylindracea Barr and Westwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crustacea, II, 1868, p. 304.—Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 358-361, pl. Iv, figs. 5-5e; pl. v, figs. 1-1ld.—Ricnarpson, American Naturalist, X XXIV, 1900, p. 217; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 515.—Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XIV, 1904, p. 488. «See Hansen for characters of genus, Vidensk Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 358. « ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ike Localities. —Off South Carolina; between the Delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida; also Gulf of Naples; coast of England; coast of France. Depth.—\11-159 fathoms. Off Pilchards. Fic. 100.—CONILERA CYLINDRACEA (AFTER HANSEN). 4, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 0, POSTERIOR PART OF ABDOMEN OF ADULT FEMALE. ¢, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD. d, LEFT PLEOPOD OF FIRST PAIR IN ADULT MALE. @¢, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR IN ADULT MALE. (ENLARGED.) The dog-tish is infested with these parasites, which reduce their prey to skin and bones. They hunt, according to Dr. F. Day,@ in shoals, driving away the congers and .other fish, but are themselves devoured by the bream. @Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 44. 118 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Body narrow, elongate, a little more than four times longer than broad, 4 mm.: 17 mm., almost cylindrical. Head wider than long, 2 mm.:3 mm., with the frontal margin slightly excavate on either side of a small median point. Eyes small, round, composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the basal article short, but somewhat dilated; the second article is not quite as long as the first; the third is twice as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of ten articles. The first antenne extend almost to the middle of the fifth article of the peduncle of the second antennee. ‘The second pair of antenne have the first two articles short, the second a little shorter than the first; the third article is equal in length to the first two taken together; the — fourth is a little longer than the third; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of thirteen articles. The second antennze extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxilliped is composed of seven articles. The mandible bas a a b c d e Fig. 101.—CONILERA CYLINDRACEA. d, MAXILLIPED. x 27}. b, FRONTAL LAMINA. X 513. c, SECOND MAXILLA. X 274. d, MANDIBLE. X 27}. ¢€, FIRST MAXILLA. X 27}. palp of three articles. The frontal lamina is conspicuous on the ventral side; the anterior end is rounded; the posterior end is produced in a narrow process. The first segment of the thorax is twice as long as the second; the second and third are equal in length; the fourth, fifth, and sixth seg- ments are equal and each is one and a half times longer than the third; the last segment is equal to the third. The epimera are distinct on all the segments, with the exception of the first. They are narrow, elongate plates, equal in width, with the posterior angles not produced beyond the posterior margins of the segments. In the epimera of the first four segments the posterior extremity is rounded; in the last two the outer post-lateral angle is not rounded, but angular. A carina crosses all the segments obliquely. The first seement of the abdémen is entirely concealed by the seventh thoracic segment except at the sides. The terminal segment is trian- gular, with the apex very acute. The posterior margin at the apex and ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 119 on either side of the apex for some distance is denticulate. The inner branch of the uropoda isa very little longer than the terminal abdomi- nal segment. It is posteriorly very acutely produced with an emar- gination in the exterior margin near the apex. Both inner and outer margins are denticulate, the four teeth within the emargination being very much larger than the others. There is also a large tooth on the inner margin close to the apex of the branch, giving the extremity a bidentate appearance. The outer branch is half as wide as the inner branch, is somewhat shorter, not extending beyond the emargination in the outer margin of the inner branch, has the extremity acutely produced and bidentate, and has both margins denticulate. The pedun- Fie. 102.—CoNILERA CYLINDRACEA (AFTER HANSEN). @, ADULT FEMALE. 0, SECOND LEG. ¢, FIFTH LEG. d, SEVENTH LEG. (ENLARGED.) cle has the inner angle produced and it extends two-thirds the length of the terminal abdominal segment. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last four pairs ambu- latory. In the first three pairs the propodus is armed with three spines, the carpus with one large spine and one small spine in the first pair or two smaller ones in the second and third pairs; the merus with five or six blunt ones on the inner margin and one long one at the outer distal extremity; the ischium is armed with one spine in the second and third pairs. The two specimens from North America in the collection of the U.S. National Museum are small, measuring 243 mm. : 10} mm. The description is from a specimen obtained from the Naples Zoological Station. 120 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. CONILERA STYGIA Packard. Conilera stygia PACKARD, Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., XLIX, 1901, p. 228. Locality.—Monterey, Mexico. Found in wells. ‘It is totally eyeless, and adds another to the blind fauna of our caves and wells. Hitherto the genus has been represented by but a single species, inhabiting the British eoast. Compared with Bate and Westwood’s figure of C. cylindracea, the body is longer, the antenne much longer, reaching to the middle of the first thoracic segment, those of the second pair nearly to the middle of the seventh thoracic segment. Only the first three pairs of legs are short, with a very thick hand; the four hinder pairs of legs are long, slender. The two last divisions of the pleopoda are unequal, the outer division very narrow, but a little more than half as long as the broad inner division or endo- podite. Length of body, 25 mm.; breadth, 5 mm. ‘**'This form is like most, if not all, other blind or eveless arthropods in having a longer body, antenne, and legs in compensation for the loss of eyes.” “—PackaRD. 1. Genus CIROLANIDES Benedict. Eyes absent. First pair of antenne with basal article of peduncle not extended straight in front at right angles to remaining part of antenna. Peduncle of the second pair of antenne composed of five articles. The plate of the second article of the maxillipeds is furnished with hooks. Abdomen has all six segments distinct. The uropoda have the inner angle of the peduncle not produced. Only the first pair of legs are prehensile; the following six pairs are ambulatory. CIROLANIDES TEXENSIS Benedict. Cirolanides texensis Brnepict, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XVIII, 1896, p. 615.— . . 7 . oe DOMINAL SEGMENTS. AYA ar ¥ , re. 7 YY a . there are only twenty-five, while in 2. grémaldii (etc Geen the flagellum consists of thirty-two articles. 3. In the presence of four spines on the posterior margin of the terminal segment. In 4. grimald7i the posterior margin is denticulate. EURYDICE SPINIGERA Hansen. Eurydice spinigera Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 367-3569, pl. v, figs. 4+4c; pl. vi, figs. 1-le.—RicnHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 516. Locality.—W est Indies. 4 This species is similar to /. elegantula. The body is broader than in the male of /. elegantula and is a little more than three times longer than wide; the thorax is much wider and not shorter than the abdomen. The front of the head is a little emarginate, the median process being absent. The eyes are as in the male of /. elegantula. The first pair of antenne are a little stouter than in the female of /. elegantula, the first article of the peduncle is narrower, manifestly reaching beyond the second article; the third article is a little wider than long; the flagellum is furnished with rather numerous, rather “Hansen, in a paper received since this paper was sent to press, says that this species was captured in the eastern part of the Atlantic between Denmark and St. Thomas. 126 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. short sensitive hairs, and has the first article two and a half times longer than the three other articles taken together. The second pair of antennz extend a little beyond the thorax; the last article of the peduncle is more than twice as long as the penulti- mate article; the flagellum is composed of about twenty to twenty- four articles, with the exterior articles for the greater part long and without apical hairs. The clypeus occupies all the area between the mandibular palps and is produced in a long tubercle. The first seg- ments of the thorax are ornamented in the mid- dle transverse line with short and deep furrows; the four posterior seg- ments are ornamented with long transverse fur- rows. All the epimera have the posterior angle pro- duced in an acute, coni- ‘al process, those of the sixth segment being the longest of all, those of the seventh segment be- ing the shortest of all. The first three pairs of legs are almost as in EF. elegantula, fur- nished, however, with more hairs. The last three pairs of legs are avery little shorter and FIG. 109.—EURYDICE SPINIGERA (AFTER HANSEN). @, LATERAL wider than in clegan- VIEW OF ADULT MALE. }, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD (FROM BE- LOW). ¢, LEFT PLEOPOD OF SECOND PAIR. d, FIRST ANTENNA. tula, the: y are, however, €, POSTERIOR PART OF ABDOMEN. jf, LEG OF FIFTH PAIR. g, LEG fu rnish ed with more OF SEVENTH PAIR. h, LEG OF SECOND PAIR. (ENLARGED.) hairs. The seventh pair of legs have the third to the sixth articles furnished on the inferior side toward the inner margin with many short spines, and are orna- mented toward the exterior margin with many hairs; the fifth article is avery little shorter than the sixth, and much longer than the fourth; the fourth article is a little longer than wide. The last segment of the abdomen is furnished at the base with a short and deep median depression and on either side with a deep and rather large lateral excavation; the median depression is bicarinated in the bottom; the posterior margin is a little more than a third part ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. eye of the width of the segment, is widely emarginate in the middle, the angles being obliquely truncate, and armed with two robust spines (the inner one much longer than the outer one). The uropoda extend a little beyond the abdomen; they are large, formed almost as in the male of 7. clegantula, with the exterior mar- gin of the inner branch, however, a little more curved. The color is _brown, covered with scattered black, irregular, and branching spots. The male appendix does not extend beyond the inner branch, is strongly dilated at the apex, the apex being widely rounded and entire.“ «The above description is adapted from the following one of Hansen’s: Diagn. Corpus paulo plus quam triplo longius quam latius; cauda truncum longitudine subsequans.. Clypeus aream totam inter palpos mandibularum occupans, in cornu longum productus. Antennule articulo primo flagelli circiter duplo et dimidio longiore quam articulis 3 ceteris cunctis. Antenne articulo ultimo pedun- culi plus duplo longiore quam articulo penultimo. Epimera omnia angulo posteriore in processum conicum, acutum producto. Segmentum ultimum caudze margine posteriore paulum ultra tertiam partem latitudinis segmenti explente, in medio late emarginato, angulis in obliquum truncatis, spinis binis (interiore multo longiore quam exteriore), robustis, affixis ornatis. Uropoda caudam paulum superantia. Long. maris adulti 9 mm. FE elegantule sat similis. Corpus minus angustatum quam in mare F. elegantulx; truncus sat multo latior et non brevior quam cauda. Frons ante perpaulum emarginatus, processu medio evanido. Oculi ut in mare EE. elegantule. Antennulee paulo crassiores quam in femina /’. elegantule; pedunculus articulo primo angustiore, ante articulum secundum manifesto prominente, articulo tertio paulo latiore quam longiore; flagellum setis sensilibus sat numerosis, breviori- bus instructum. Antenne truncum paulum superantes; flagellum c. 20-24 articulatum; articulis exterioribus ex parte majore longis, seta apicali nulla. Segmenta anteriora trunci stria transversa brevi, media, profunda ornata; seg- menta 4 posteriora saltem stria transversa longa instructa. Epimera structura in diagnosi commemorata a speciebus omnibus mihi cognitis valde diversa; epimera sexti paris processu conico inter omnes longissimo; epimera septimi paris processu inter omnes brevissimo. Pedes parium trium anteriorum fere ut in FE. elegantula, setis tamen pluribus instructi. Pedes parium trium posteriorem perpaulo breviores et latiores quam in LE. elegan- tula; setis tamen pluribus instructi. Pedesseptimi paris articulis tertio-sexto in latere inferiore ad marginem interiorem versus spinis multis brevioribus instructi, ad margi- nem exteriorem versus setis multis ornati; articulus quintus perpaulo brevior quam sextus, multo longior quam quartus; articulus quartus paulo longior quam latior. Segmentum ultimum caudze ad basin versus impressione media breviore et pro- funda et utrinque excavatione laterali profunda et sat magna instructum; impressio media in fundo bicarinata; reliqua in diagnosi commemorata. Uropoda majora, fere ut in mare F. elegantule formata, margine exteriore rami interioris tamen pau- lum incuryo. Color brunneus, maculis irregularibus et ramosis nigris minus crebre conspersis. Appendix masculina ramum interiorem minus superans, ad apicem versus valde dilatata, apice late rotundato, integro.—HAnseEn, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 367-3869. 128 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 23. Genus BRANCHUROPUS Moore. 4 Peduncle of second pair of antennze composed of four articles. First pair of antenne with basal article of peduncle extended straight in front at right angles to remaining part of antenna. Maxillipeds composed of two articles; basal article long; second article short, armed with a few hairs. Uropods attached to underside of abdomen, similar in structure to the pleopods and probably branchial in function. Abdomen with all six segments distinct. BRANCHUROPUS LITTORALIS Moore. Branchuropus littoralis Moor®, Bull. U. 8. Fish Commission, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p. 168, pl. vin, figs. 13-21; pl. rx, fig. 1. Locality.—Porto Rico. ‘* Body moderately convex, about 2.75 times as long as broad; abdo- men not abruptly narrower than the thorax. Head rounded in front, about half as wide as greatest width of body—about two-thirds as long as wide. ‘*Thorax broadest at fifth joint—fifth and sixth joints longest; the rest shorter and subequal. Epimera of all but first joint distinct; sides of first segment emarginate, the anterior portion being produced some- what to embrace the eye; epimera of second and third segments not produced posteriorly; of fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh produced in a sharp process terminated by a spine, that of the last extending beyond the first abdominal segment. ‘‘Abdominal segments all distinct, gradually increasing in length from first to fifth; first segment somewhat narrower, not produced posteriorly at sides, exposed throughout its breadth; the other free segments subequal in breadth, strongly produced posteriorly at sides, the last two armed at each angle with a stout spine. ‘*Telson rounded, about five-sixths as long as broad, margin not armed, abruptly higher in median two-thirds at base, with an ill- defined, low protuberance or process on each side of middle line. **Kyes large, black, space between about as great as diameter of eye. Base of first antenne projecting from beneath overhanging front; peduncle of three joints, the first and second forming a right angle, the second and third joints subequal; flagellum four jointed, the first joint long and tapering, 1.5 times as long as the other three, second and third joints subequal, last joint short and reaching to beyond posterior margin of head. aSee Moore for characters of genus, Bull. U. 8. Fish. Comm., XX, Pt. 2, 1902, pp. 167-168. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 129 ‘*Second antenne long and slender, when placed close to sides of body reaching to about anterior margin of telson; peduncle four jointed, joints increasing gradually in length and slenderness, second joint furnished on distal external angle with four or five sete; flagellum with about eighteen joints, which are longest in its middle. ‘**Kpistome slender, expanded in front and emarginate, reaching to about the level of frontal margin of head, but not connected with it. ‘*Mandible with tridentate cutting edge, movable pectinate ap- a pendage and three-jointed palp, in general resembling this organ in Kurydice. Fig. 110.—BRANCHUROPUS LITTORALIS (AFTER MOORE). @, FRONT OF HEAD FROM BELOW. Jb, FIRST ANTENNA. C, SECOND ANTENNA. d, GENERAL FIGURE. €, MANDIBLE. jf, FOURTH LEG. g, MAXIL- LIPED. h, FIRST LEG. 7, SEVENTH LEG. **Maxillipeds two jointed, the basal joint long, somewhat trans- versely of the head; the second joint short and armed with a few hairs distally. **Thoracic limbs gradually increasing in length posteriorly. First limb with second joint longest, the third, fourth, and fifth successively shorter, the sixth joint as long as third, and pectinate by a series of spines, the last one stoutest, and the seventh not forming with the sixth a subchelate hand, as in Anwropus. ‘**The posterior border of the limb is furnished with spines and ° sete. Second and third pairs subsimilar with the fifth joint larger. Fourth to seventh pairs backwardly directed, and becoming success- ively broader and flatter, resembling the posterior limbs of Aurydice, 28589—05 9 130 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. the fourth pair with numerous stout spines along its internal edge, these becoming fewer and weaker on posterior pairs, which are more abundantly furnished with long slender sete, the fifth joint of last pair of legs broad and almost rectangular. **Abdominal appendages subsimilar, the uro- pods not projecting beyond the margin of tel- son, attached to underside, in structure similar to the pleopods and probably branchial in function. **Color gray, with arborescent brown pigmen- tation becoming more dense posteriorly, on abdomen collected principally in a median wedge-shaped mass with the apex on base of telson, each segment of pleon with two subellip- tical paler lateral areas, with about twenty-five to thirty longitudinal lines of pigmentation, the areas between which are reticulated with brown. me. UL—Buancrunorus Mlandibles, -legs, and underside of body more LITTORALIS (AFTER or less pigmented. ane Rie **One specimen, from station 6079, 20 fath- oms, 6 by 2.2 mm.”—Moonre.¢ 24. Genus BATHYNOMUS A. Milne Edwards. Second pair of antenne with a peduncle composed of five articles;? rudimentary scale attached to end of peduncle of first antenne. The plate of the second article of the maxillipeds furnished with hooks. . Abdomen with all six segments distinct. Pleopoda with supplementary ramified branchizwe developed at the base of the inner branches. BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS A. Milne Edwards. Bathynomus giganteus A. M1uNE Epwarpbs, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci., LX XX VIII, 1879, pp. 21-23; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), III, 1879, pp. 241-243.—FiLnot1, La vie au fond des Mers, 1885, p. 147.—MarsnHauu, Die Tiefsee und ihr Leben, 1888, p. 261, fig. 86.—AGaAssiz, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, XV, 1888, p. 49, fig. 252.—Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. Math. og Naturvid., Afd. (6), V, No. 3, 1890, pp. 252, 318, 378.—Woop-Mason and Aucock, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 1891, p. 270.—Orrmann, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894, p. 191.—Bovvirr, Bull. Soc. Entom, France, 1901, pp. 122-123; Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci., CX XXII, 1901, pp. 643-645.—A. Minne Epwarps and Bouvirr, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, XXVIT, No. 2, 1902, pp. 141-159, pls. I-v1.—Hansen, Journ. Linn. Soe. London, Zool., X XIX, 1903, pp. 12-25, pl. iv, figs. 8-9. @ Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p. 168. » See remarks at end of description. pee ey ae Weabel + Magu Par Nes 8 OG te ory ai ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 13] Localities..—West Indies; Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean Sea; Mouth of Exuma Sound; Bay of Bengal. Depth.—955 fathoms; 740 fathoms. Body oblong-ovate, nearly two and a half times longer than wide, 38 mm. : 90 mm. Head wider than long, 12 mm. :21 mm., with the anterior margin produced in a median point which meets the apex of the triangular frontal lamina. The eyes are large, composite, and are situ- ated on the inferior side of the head. The first pair of antenne have the basal article large, about as wide as long; the sec- ond is about as long as the first; the third is half as long as the second; there is a small scale articulated to the end of the third article of the peduncle; the flagellum is composed of forty-six articles and extends one-fourth the length of the first thoracic segment. The sec- ond pair of antenne have the first article short; the second is almost at right angles to the first and is about 2 mm. long; the third is about as long as the sec- ond; the fourth is about 3 mm. inlength; the fifth is 4mm. long. The flagellum is composed of about sixty-six articles and ex- tends to the middle of the fourth thoracic segment. The maxillipeds are composed of seven articles. The frontal lamina is triangular in shape, with the apex contiguous with the median point of the frontal margin of the head. The first segment of the thorax is the longest, being 10 mm. in length. ‘The second and third are subequal, and each is 6 mm. long. The fourth and fifth are each 5 mm. in length. The sixth and seventh are each 4 mm. long. The epimera are distinctly separated on all the segments with the exception of the first, and are large plates with the outer post-lateral angle produced in the Jast four beyond the posterior margin of the segments. The six segments of the abdomen are distinct, the first five being subequal in length. The sixth or terminal segment is wider than Com Fic. 112.—BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS (AFTER EDWARDS AND AGASSIZ). DORSAL VIEW. 132 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAT, MUSEUM. long, and has the posterior margin widely rounded and armed with eleven lone teeth, five on either side of the median one. This segment is 27mm. long. The uropods do not quite reach the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branch is nearly twice as wide as the outer branch and is a little longer. Both are truncate posteriorly and have the exterior and posterior mar- gins armed with numerous spines. The peduncle of the uropoda has the inner angle but little produced. The pleopoda have ramified branchiz devel- oped at the base of the inner branch. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last four pairs ambulatory. They are all armed with numerous spines. A larger specimen in the col- lection of the U. 8S. National Museum measures 4 in.: 8$ in. It is from the Gulf of Mexico. Wood-Mason and Alcock“ FIG. 113.—BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS(AFTER FILHOL). degeribe the living animal as VENTRAL VIEW. : being a pale lilac color. Bou- a 3 Fic. 114.—BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS (AFTER EDWARDS AND BOUVIER). HEAD WITH APPENDAGES AND FIRST THORACIC SEGMENT. vier says that while the isopods usually have at the most in each eye thirty to forty ocelli, which measure eight to ten centimeters, with a diameter of a millimeter, 2. g7ganteus has almost three thou- «Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 1891, p. 270. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. Loe sand, the surface of which is almost doubled. This increase in the measure of the eye is not an effect of the increase in size of the figure, for 2. déderleini Ortmann has the ocelli almost as large and as numerous as BL. giganteus; it is entirely the result of adaptation to abyssal life. In order to collect in the greatest number the feeble phosphorent rays which lighten the depth of the seas, the eyes of Bathynomus are greatly enlarged and resemble the eyes of abyssal Galatheides (Munida), in which the deficiency of the light at the great depths has not yet produced blindness. In the two species of Bathynomus he has been able to prove that the sympodite of the pleopods has always three articles, that it is the same for the peduncle of the antennule, and that a rudiment of an accessory appendage exists at the apex of this peduncle. The pres- ence of this accessory appendage is a primitive character which brings Fig. 115.—BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS (AFTER EDWARDS AND BOUVIER). LATERAL VIEW. the Bathynomus, and consequently the Cirolanidee, closer to the group of Anisopods. Hansen points out that the peduncle of the second pair of antennse is really composed of six articles in this form and others, but the first article is so small it has heretofore been overlooked.“ Apparently the peduncle of the second antenne is composed of five articles. 25. Genus COLOPISTHUS Richardson. Head transversely elongated. Eyes situated in the middle of the lateral margins at the extreme edge and elevated knob-like above the surface. Both pairs of antenne short; first pair of antenn with basal article of peduncle not extended straight in front at right angles to remain- ing part of antenna; second pair reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic seoment. First five abdominal segments consolidated into one short segment. Terminal segment strongly keeled in the median longitudinal line. “Kdwards and Bouvier describe the peduncle as six-jointed, but, according to Hansen, they were in error in regard to the position of the first joint. 134 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. tH i} ore. tc. 116.—BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS (AFTER EDWARDS AND BOUVIER). d@, CORNEULES IN THE EXTER- NAL LAYER OF THE CORNEA. b, CUTTING PART OF MANDIBLE (INFERIOR EXTERNAL SIDE). c, CoR- NEULES IN THE INNER LAYER OF THE CORNEA. d, BUCCAL CAVITY. ¢, INFERIOR SIDE OF SECOND ANTENNA. f, SEVERAL ARTICLES OF THE FLAGELLUM OF THE FIRST ANTENNA. 9g, SEVERAL ARTICLES OF THE FLAGELLUM OF THE SECOND ANTENNA. hh, CORNEULES OF CIROLANA ELONGATA. i, FIRST ANTENNA OF LEFT SIDE (INFERIOR FACE). j, LEFT MANDIBLE, INFERO-INTERNAL FACE OF THE ANTERIOR PART. k, LEFT EYE. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 135 We FIG. 417. BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS (AFTER EDWARDS AND BouviER). 4, LEFT MANDIBLE. D, CUTTING PART OF MANDIBLE (DORSAL SIDE). ¢, LEFT MANDIBLE (DORSAL sIDE). d, LEFT MA XILLI- PED (VENTRAL SIDE). @€, SECOND LEFT MAXILLA (VENTRAL SIDE). f, LEFT MAXILLIPED (DORSAL SIDE). g, SECOND LEFT MAXILLA (DORSAL SIDE). /t, FIRST MAXILLA (DORSAL SIDE). 7, THE SAME (VENTRAL SIDE). Jj, RIGHT SECOND MAXILLA (VENTRAL SIDE). k, Tip OF EXTERNAL LACINIA OF FIRST MAXILLA. J, BASAL PART OF FIRST MAXILLA. m, TIP OF MAXILLARY LACINLE OF FIRST MAXILLA. 136 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. a, LEFT ANTERIOR PLEOPOD Fig. 118.—BATHYNOMUS GIGANTEUS (AFTER EDWARDS AND BOUVIER). c, LEFT ANTERIOR PLEOPOD (DORSAL SIDE). e, LEFT UROPOD (INFERIOR SIDE). f, LEFT PLEOPOD ANCHIAL TUFTS. g, POSTERIOR LEFT (VENTRAL SIDE). b, EXTREMITY OF BRANCHIAL TUFT. d, CIRCULATION IN RESPIRATORY ENDOPODITE, OF THIRD PAIR WITH THE TRUNKS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE BR PLEOPOD (ANTERIOR SIDE). h, THE SAME (POSTERIOR SIDE). ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 137 COLOPISTHUS PARVUS Richardson. Colopisthus parvus RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 289- 290, pl. xxxviltl, figs. 33-36. Localities.—Found in low water in the corallines at Bailey Bay, Ber- mudas, and at Waterloo, Castle Harbor, Ber- mudas. WZ Head transversely elliptical, the anterior and posterior margins rounded. The eyes are situated in the middie of the lateral margins at the extreme edge, and are elevated above the surface of the head like knobs. The head is concave between the eyes. The first pair of antenne are short, not much longer than the width of the head, and reach the end of the last peduncular joint of the second pair of antenne. The flagellum is composed of three articles. The second pair of antenne are also short, extending to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; flagellum is composed of seven articles. The first thoracic segment is longest. The others are subequal with well-defined epimera. The first five abdominal segments are all coa- lesced into one segment. The terminal seg- ment is triangular and strongly keeled along the median longitudinal line. The inner branches of the uropoda extend beyond the tip of the terminal segment, are broadly oval and fringed with hairs. The outer branches are narrowly oval, about half as wide as the inner branches, and shorter. Color light yellow, with numerous black dots. About seven specimens were collected by Fis. 119—Coxopistavs Par- ror A. K..Verrill and party at Bailey Bay, { ? ee Bermudas, in 1898. Found at low water in ta. d, Generar ricure. corallines. Others were collected in 1901 at © HPAP AND FiRsT Two THORACIC SEGMENTS. Waterloo, on Castle Harbor, Bermudas. Type specimen from the Bermudas in Peabody Museum, Yale Uni- versity. _Cat. No. 3179. 138 BULLETIN, 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Family VI. EXOCORALLANID.¢ Clypeus wide and very short, subtriangular, seen from below con- cealed by the mandibles. Labrum wide and very short, subhorizontal or vertical, seen from below very often concealed by the mandibles. Apical tooth of mandibles of great length; movable lacinia and molar part wanting. The first maxille are robust; the lacinia of the first article is inflated at the apex and unarmed; third article very robust, from the middle to the apex becoming very much narrower and curved somewhat out- ward, the apex furnished with asingle very long and very robust spine curved somewhat inward. Second maxillx short, narrow, feeble, the apex with two free almost rudimentary laciniz. Maxillipeds narrow, free; palp with the antepenultimate article elongated, more than twice as long as wide. 26. Genus EXOCORALLANA Stebbing.? ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS EXOCORALLANA. © a. Eyes moderate or large, some distance apart in the middle at the upper end. b. Left mandible, seen in position, with the apical part profoundly trifid. Clypeus and labrum very conspicuous. c. Basal article of the first pair of antennz narrow, without spine. Head of male ornamented with two or more horn-like tubercles. First segment of body not ornamented with tubercles. d. Head of male ornamented with three tubercles, two on the dorsal surface and one being the produced median point. Thorax not tuberculated. Exocorallana tricornis (Hansen ) d’, Head of male ornamented with two dorsal tubercles. Median point not produced in tubercles. Thorax tuberculated. Exocorallana mexicana, new species. c’. Basal article of the first pair of antenne dilated, ornamented with spine at inner exposed angle. Head of male ornamented with four horn-like tuber- cles. First segment of body ornamented with two tubercles. Exocorallana sexticornis (Richardson ) b’. Left mandible, seen in position, with the apical part obscurely trifid or forming asingle apex. Labium and clypeus partly or very often entirely covered by the mandibles. c. Basal article of the peduncle of the antennulze moderately narrow, seen from below not prominent above the basal joints of the antennze. Last segment of the abdomen not ornamented with basal tubercles near the median line. d. Head of male ornamented with four tubercles. Kxocorallana quadricornis (Hansen): d’. Head of male not ornamented with tubercles. Exocorallana truncata (Richardson ) «See Hansen for characters of family, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 311- 313; 317, 376. >Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes, II, Pt. 3, 1904, p. 704. «This key, with the exception of three species which are inserted, is taken entirely from Hansen, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., 6th ser., natur. og. math., Afd. V, 1890, pp. 378, 379. ee ee a. Se ae ee YS at EP ep we ttageys een eat Ce ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 1389 c’. Basal article of the peduncle of the antennulze very much dilated, seen from below, so prominent that the basal joints of the antennee are placed in a transverse cleft moderately deep between the antennule and the mandi- bles. Last segment of the body ornamented with two large basal tuber- cles situated near the median line. d. Fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen a little impressed in the dorsal median line, not ornamented with carinz or tubercles. Last segment of the abdomen with two spines at the apex. Nxocorallana subtilis (Hansen ) d’. Fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen with a deep longitudinal exca- vation in the dorsal median line, ornamented with many carinze and tubercles. Last segment of the abdomen with four spines at the apex. Exocorallana antillensis (Hansen ) a. Eyes very large, contiguous in the middle of the head. b’. Last segment of the abdomen rather short, widely rounded posteriorly and with a median excavation deep and moderately wide. Exocorallana fissicauda (Hansen) b’. Last segment of the abdomen rather long, narrowly rounded posteriorly, with no excayation. c. Fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen deeply excavate longitudinally in the dorsal median line and ornamented with carine. Last segment of the body with an incision in the middle of the side and ornamented on the dorsal surface with two densely setose areas and with two large basal tuber- cles situated near the median line _-.......-- Exocorallana oculata (Hansen) ce’, Fourth and fifth segments of the body very little impressed in the dorsal median line, ornamented with no carinz. Last segment of the abdomen entire at the sides, ornamented on the dorsal surface everywhere with very short hairs remotely scattered........--- Exocorallana warmingii (Hansen) EXOCORALLANA TRICORNIS (Hansen). Corallana tricornis HANSEN, Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6), V, 1890, pp. 379-381, pl. v1, figs. 44 p; pl. vu, figs. 1-1d.—Ricwarpson, Proceedings U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 518.—Moorsr, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p- 169, pl. rx, figs. 2-5. Localities.—Cape Catoche, Yucatan; between Delta of the Missis- sippi and Cedar Keys, Florida; St. Thomas, West Indies; Hucares, Porto Rico; St. Croix, West Indies; Jamaica; Belize, British Honduras; Realejo, Nicaragua, Central America. Depth,—24-27 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, three times longer than wide, 4 mm.; 12 mm. Head wider than long, 1 mm.; 2 mm. with the antero-lateral mar- gins rounded and produced in the middle in a prominent triangular process half a mm. in length, with broad base and apex emarginate or slightly bifid and directed upward, the whole process forming a right angle with the dorsal surface of the head. The eyes are large, con- spicuous, and composite and occupy a large portion of the dorsal sur- face of the head; they are separated from each other by a median groove which extends from the base of the frontal process to the posterior margin of the head. On the posterior portion of the head are two large, prominent tubercles, one on either side of the median 140 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. groove. The first pair of antenne have the first two articles almost confluent and scarcely distinguishable; the first is twice as long as the second; the third is also twice as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of eleven articles. The first pair of antennx extend almost to the middle of the last article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The second pair of antennz have the first two articles short, the second a little shorter than the first; the third is nearly twice as long as the second; the fourth and fifth are subequal and each twice as long as the third. The flagellum is composed of sixteen articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped is composed of seven articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The frontal lamina is longer than wide, and has the anterior margin produced in a long, narrow acute median process. The first segment of the thorax is slightly longer than any of the others, and has two small inconspicuous tubercles on the anterior por- a b c d FIG. 120.—EXOCORALLANA TRICORNIS. a, MANDIBLE. xX 512. 6b, MAXILLIPED. xX 513. c, FIRST MAXILLA. x 513. d, FRONTAL LAMINA. X 51}. tion, one on either side of the median line. The epimera are distinct on all the segments with the exception of the first. They are all crossed obliquely by an arched carina. The outer post-lateral angles of the first two are rounded. In the last four the outer post-lateral angle is produced beyond the posterior margin of the segments. All the segments of the abdomen are distinct. The second and third segments have the posterior margins tuberculate; the fourth segment has two transverse rows of tubercles; the. fifth segment has three transverse rows of tubercles. In the fourth and fifth segments there is a narrow median depression, this area having only a single longi- tudinal row of tubercles right in the median line, two for each of the seoments. The sixth or terminal segment is triangulate in shape with the apex rounded and furnished with short spines. At the base is a transverse row of tubercles on either side of a shallow median longitudinal groove or furrow. Below the row of tubercles and on either side of this median groove the lateral portions of the segment eT ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 141 are somewhat hirsute. : : ee tis, rounded. The peduncle of the uropoda is as long as the outer branch. The margins of the uropoda and the terminal segment are furnished with spines. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last four pairs ambu- latory. The merus of all three anterior legs is furnished with two spines, the carpus with one spine, and the propodus of the second and third with one spine. The ambulatory legs are beset with a few spines.@ “ For description of the young of the first stage, see Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XII, 1879-80, pp. 402-403. 212 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 32. Genus SYSCENUs HMarger: Body depressed. Abdomen abruptly narrower than thorax. Eyes wanting. First two articles of the first pair of antennee not expanded or dilated. Mandibles without molar expansion. Maxillipeds- with the palp composed of two articles. First three pairs of legs with the propodus not expanded, cylin- drical; dactylus abruptly curved in the middle, and terminating in a very sharp point. Four posterior pairs with the propodal joint elon- gated. SYSCENUS INFELIX Harger. Suscenus infeuix HanceEr, Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 887-390; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard College, XI, 1883, No. 4, pp. 100- 102, pl. 1, figs. 5-5a; pl. iv, figs. 3-3h. Harponyx © pranzoides Sars, Forhandlungen i Videnskab Selsk. Christiania, No. 18, 1883 (young). Rocinela liljeborgii Bovauutus, Bihang. till Vetensk. Akad. Handl., X, No. 10, 1885, pp. 3-10, pls. 1-11. Syscenus llljeborgii Boyauuius, Bihang. till K. Sy. Vet. Akad. Handl., XI, No 17, 1886-87, pp. 17-18. Gincens infelix RCH oN. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., XXX VII, 1898, p. 8 (foot- note); American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 219; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 524.—Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XIV, 1904, p. 437. Localities.— Latitude 41° 34’ 30” north, longitude 65° 54’ 30” west; latitude 40° 11’ 40” north, een 68° 22' west; Marthas Vineyard; south of Long Island; off Nantucket Shoals; all along the Atlantic coast as far south as Delaware Bay: west coast of Norway at Hoitingsé and Bekkervig (Sars); coast of Bohuslin (Bovallius); British Isles (Norman). Depth.—80-640 fathoms; 516 fathoms (Norman). Body elongate, nearly three times as long as broad, 10 mm.: 28 mm. Head three times as wide as long, 2 mm.: 6 mm., triangular in shape, with frontal margin somewhat shoe lobed, the median lobe being anterior to the other two and acutely produced between the basal arti- cles of the antenne, but not meeting the frontal lamina on the other side. The eyes are absent. The first pair of antenne have the three articles of the peduncle of equal length and all cone plone The aIn the Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VIT, 1904, pp. 6 mnie 9, I refer to the genus Harponyx as a separate genus. Doe ‘tor Hansen, in a letter, called my attention to this error, saying that Sars had suppressed the genus, a fact which I had temporarily overlooked. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. is FIG. 216.—Syscenus INFELIX (AFTER HARGER). dd, INFERIOR VIEW OF HEAD. OF MALE.. x 12. ¢, Srconp PLEOPOD OF MALE. x 4, d, LEG OF SIXTH PAIR. x 4. e, LEG oF FOURTH, PAIR. X 4. f, LEG Ob FIRST PAIR. x 4. g, TIP OF FIRST MAXILLA. x 75. h, FIRST MAXILLA. x 20. t, DORSAL VIEW OF MA_E. X 1}. j, LErr MAXILLIPED. x 20, k, UROPOD OF MALE. x 4. J, LErr MANDIBLE. x 20. x 8. b, LATERAL VIEW 214 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. flagellum is composed of seven articles. The first antennse extend to the end of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne or to the pos- terior margin of the head. The second pair of antennee have the first two articles equal in length; the third and fourth are also subequal, and each is about twice as long as the second; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of twenty-five articles. The second antennze extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The frontal lamina is large, conspicuous, rhomboid shaped, and ventrally placed. The maxilliped has a palp of two articles. The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of the others. The epimera are distinct from the segments with the exception of the first. They are broad plates with the posterior extremities very acute. The post-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment are also acute. The abdomen is abruptly very much narrower than the thorax. All six segments are distinct. The lateral parts are not separated off from the dorsal portion. The terminal seoment is large and triangular in shape, with the pos- terior extremity acutely produced. The uropoda are as long as the terminal segment of the abdomen. The outer branch is wider but shorter than the inner branch; it is more broadly rounded posteriorly than the inner branch. The peduncle of the uropoda is not produced at the inner angle. Hy eotine Ceereatd The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last InFeix. Maxm- four pairs ambulatory. The first three pairs are not pepe et furnished with spines. The fifth pair of legs is a little longer than the fourth pair. The sixth and seventh pairs are equal in length and extremely long, being very much longer than the fourth and fifth pairs. Family 1X. CYMOTHOID. Antenne strongly reduced and without clear distinction between peduncle and flagellum. All seven pairs of legs prehensile, terminat- ing in strong hooked fingers. Pleopods not ciliated. Terminal seg- ment and uropoda usually not ciliated. Maxillipeds with palp composed of two articles; terminal article furnished with hooks. Mandibles with palps. First maxillee with masticatory lobe composed of a single tapering article furnished with four spines at tip. . Second maxille bilobed at tip and furnished with numerous spines. Epimera distinct on all the segments with the exception of the first. Parasitic forms. es on ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 215 ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY CYMOTHOID. a. Head posteriorly produced in three lobes, a larger median lobe and two small lateral lobes; not at all immersed in first thoracic segment. Anterior margin of first thoracic segment distinctly trisinuate. b. Uropoda and terminal segment ciliated. Eyes large, conspicuous. Genus -Egathoa Dana b’. Uropoda and terminal segment not ciliated. Eyes small. c. Posterior angles of first segment of body prominent or produced, very often acute; posterior angles of the following segments increasing gradually in length, the first of these very often scarcely produced, the posterior ones very often produced, abruptly longer than the first. Epimera of the first segments extending beyond the posterior angles of the segment; posterior Ones pPLOGUCes ACULes esas mame ee esos eee se ewe Genus Nerocila Leach ce’. Posterior angles of first six segments of body scarcely or not at all promi- nent, those of seventh segment produced. Epimera of first segments very often almost reaching, or not reaching by a short distance, the posterior angle of the segment. d. Body compact. Head not constricted at the base. Uropoda very often more or less longer than terminal segment. Legs gradually increasing in G11 Ob ln eee ct ene y hy ae ea eee weer amie Genus Anilocra Leach d’. Body relaxed. Head constricted at the base. Uropoda much shorter than terminal segment. Legs gradually much longer successively; seventh pair abruptly very much longer......---.-------- Genus Olencira Leach a’. Head not produced posteriorly in three lobes; more or less immersed in first thoracic segment. Anterior margin of first thoracic segment not trisinuate. b. Antennze very much dilated; those of the first pair contiguous at base. c. Epimera of the first pair with a carina produced in the form of a spoon in female. Ungule very long, unequal in length; those of the third pair longest, abruptly longer than second pair. Terminal segment trans- CIC C earn ape te epee Semco acne inc eis e cea seme ewes Genus Ceratothoa Dana c’, Epimera of the first pair not produced in female. Ungulze mostly very short,_ very rarely long, equal in length. Terminai segment subtriangular, semi- cincularsoiten billobedsss= saan esos se ose= ake Genus Meinertia Stebbing b’. Antenne not dilated, but compressed. c. Antenne of the first pair almost contiguous at base. d. Body hunched or compressed; the posterior segments of the body on one side flattened, dilated -.----...-.-- Genus Agarna Schicedte and Meinert d’. Body evenly convex, not hunched; posterior segments of the body rather CONVERT Ca ao oes oe ee Genus Indusa Schicedte and Meinert c’. First pair of antennee widely separated at the base. d. Abdomen manifestly separated from the thorax, abruptly narrower than GO Daan ee nee ee Be ee Bake Ne cir eS cr Genus Cymothoa Fabricius d’. Abdomen continuous with thorax, not narrower than thorax. e. Abdomen very little or scarcely immersed. Segments of thorax either equal in length or the first segment abruptly longer and the last segment abruptly shorter than the others ---..-.-------- Genus Livoneca Leach ‘e’. Abdomen very deeply and profoundly immersed. First segment of the thorax manifestly longer than the second; six posterior segments gradu- ally decreasing a little in length ...Genus Jrona Schicedte and Meinert 216 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 33. Genus AXAGATHOA4é Dana. Eyes large, oval, composite. Posterior margin of head produced in three lobes. Anterior margin of first thoracic segment manifestly trisinuate. Post-lateral angles of thoracic segments not produced. Epimera dis- tinct on all the segments of the thorax with the exception of the first; they extend the full length of the segments and are not acutely pro- duced posteriorly. The abdomen is not narrower than the thorax, but continues the oval outline of the body. The abdominal segments are not shorter than the last thoracic segments. Pleopods not ciliated. Uropoda and terminal segment of abdomen furnished with hairs. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS EGATHOA. a. Frontal margin of head produced anteriorly in a median lingulate projection. Kgathoa linguifrons Richardson a’. Frontal margin of head not produced anteriorly in a median lingulate projection. b. Surface of head smooth, evenly convex. Second pair of antennze composed of ten articles. First thoracic segment longer than any of the succeeding seg- ments, which are of equal lenpth _-.-2..- 22.2222 -5-2-2 Egathoa oculata (Say ) b’. Surface of head with central portion sharply raised above the lateral portion, which is deeply excavate just in front of the eyes. Second pair of antenne composed of eight articles. First three thoracic segments of equal length; last four subequal and somewhat shorter than first three. _ _Egathoa medialis Richardson FEGATHOA LINGUIFRONS Richardson. Atgathoa linguifrons RicHarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 526. Locality.—Trinidad. Body narrow, elongate; abdomen not narrower than thorax. Head with sides rounded. Frontal margin ab- ruptly produced anteriorly into a median lingulate projection, with apex rounded; posterior part of pro- jection forming a raised surface sharply defined on anterior part of head, extending back to eyes. Eyes large, oval, occupying two-thirds the width of head. First pair of antenne nine-jointed. Second pair more slender equal in length to first pair and ten- jointed. First three thoracic segments long, second one shortest; last four segments short, of nearly equal oe ea length. All the abdominal segments distinct; first a five equal in length, terminal segment rounded at apex. Uropoda longer than terminal segment. Inner branch obliquely “This genus, perhaps, represents the young of Livoneca. The figure given by Schicedte and Meinert of the young female of Livoneca redmanni does not apparently differ from Ayathoa oculata (Say). I have not suppressed the genus, however, because I could not be positive of the identity of these forms. = ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. PT truncate at apex and shorter than outer branch, which is obtusely pointed. Both branches, as well as the posterior margin of the terminal seg- ment, are fringed with hairs. Lees similar in structure, with curved dactyli. Color, light brown, with scattered black dots. A single specimen was obtained at Trinidad. Type.—Cat. No. 23903, U.S.N.M. ZEGATHOA OCULATA @ (Say). Cymothoa oculata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 398-399. Akgathoa loliginea Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), XV, 1878, p. 376; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fish- eries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 393-394, pl. x, fig. 66.—RicHarpson, American Natu- ralist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 220; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, pp. 526- 527. Localities.—Savin Rock, near New Haven, Connecticut; Fort Macon, North Carolina; St. Johns River, Florida (Say); Cristield, Maryland; Cozumel; St. Thomas, West Indies. Parasite of squid (mouse pealit); young mullet. Say’s type of this species, placed in the \cademy of Natural Sciences of Philadel- phia, is undoubtedly identical with Harger’s shigathoa loliginea. The earlier name must, therefore, be accepted for this species. As the type specimen is dry and not per- fectly preserved, the following description is from an alcoholic specimen: Body elongate, nearly four times longer than wide, 3 mm.: 11 mm. Head as wide as long, 2 mm.:2 mm.. slightly narrower anteriorly than posteri- orly, with the anterior margin widely | : z a Fic. 219.—EGATHOA OCULATA rounded. The posterior margin of the head (Arrer HarceR). a, DORSAL is produced in three equal lobes. The eyes epee eee are large, oval, composite, and situated in the post- iver il angles of the head, but extend along the sides of the head almost to the antero-lateral angles. The first pair of antennz -are composed of eight articles, and extend to the posterior margin of the head. The second pair of antenne are composed of nine articles, and extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The basal articles of the first pair of antenne are not adjacent, but are sep- «See Harger for more detailed description, Report U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 393-394. 218 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ia ii ab ae arated by a small space. The maxillipeds have a palp composed of two articles. The palp of the mandibles has three articles. g The first segment of the thorax is the longest, and is 14 mm. in length. The second and third segments are each 1 mm. long. The four following segments are each } mm. long. The epimera are dis- ES a b c d Fic. 220.—EGATHOA OCULATA. @, MANDIBLE. X 5132. 0, MAXILLIPED. xX 513. c, SECOND MAXILLA. d, FIRST MAXILLA. x 613. tinctly separated on all the segments with the exception of the first. They extend the full length of the lateral margins. The abdomen is as wide as the thorax, and the abdominal segments are as long as the thoracic segments. The length of the abdomen is 5 mm., or nearly half the entire length of the body. The sixth or terminal segment is long and rounded posteriorly. The uropoda are longer than the terminal segment. The outer branch is longer and narrower than the inner branch and is posteriorly rounded. The inner branch is broad posteriorly and is obliquely truncate. The uropoda and the terminal abdominal segment are fringed with hairs. All the legs are prehensile and terminate in long, narrow, curved dactyli. The propodus is furnished with five spines, the carpus with two in all the legs. ae 0 mete: Bee ZEGATHOA MEDIALIS Richardson. Egathoa medialis RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XX XTV, 1900, p. 220; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 527. Bierce og ee Locality.—Barren Island, Chesapeake Bay. eee Depth.—3 to 25 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate; abdomen not narrower than thorax. Head with anterior margin broadly rounded in front; central por- tion sharply raised above lateral portion, which is deeply excavate just in front of eyes. Eyes large, occupying two-thirds the width of the head. First pair of antenne eight-jointed; second pair more slender, equal in length, and nine-jointed. First three segments of thorax subequal, last four subequal and some- ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 219 what shorter than first three. First five abdominal segments equal in length. Terminal segment rounded posteriorly. Uropoda longer than terminal segment; branches unequal. Outer branch the longer; inner branch obliquely truncate. Legs similar in structure, with curved dactyli. Color, light brown, densely covered with black spots. Single specimen from Barren Island, Chesapeake Bay. Depth.— to 25 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 23904, U.S.N.M. 384. Genus NEROCILA Leach. «4 Body relaxed, very often flattened. Head posteriorly produced in three lobes, not at all immersed. First pair of antenne almost con- tiguous at the base. First segment of thorax with the anterior margin deeply trisinuate. Posterior angles of the segments from the second to the last increasing gradually in length, the first of these often but little produced, the posterior ones almost always produced and often abruptly longer than the first ones. The anterior epimera almost always extend to or beyond the posterior angle of the segment; the posterior epimera are produced and acute, but do not reach the posterior angle of the segment. Abdomen free, rarely covered at the base or the sides. Legs rather long. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS NEROCILA. a. Terminal abdominal segment quadrate, with post-lateral angles rounded and posterior margin acuminate aud produced in an acute point. b. Body a little more than one and a half times longer than wide. Head as long as wide. Post-lateral angles of all the segments of the thorax are produced backward in long acute processes, increasing in length from the first to the seventh segment. The epimera of the second segment extend beyond the post- lateral angles of the segment; those of the third segment extend to the post- lateral angles of the segment; all the others reach the posterior margins of thewerments a3 22 et sate Nerocila acuminata Schicedte and Meinert b’. Body nearly two and a half times longer than wide. Head wider than long. The post-lateral angles of only the last two segments of the thorax are pro- duced. The epimera do not extend beyond the posterior margins of the segments, except in the last segment where they almost reach the extremity of the post-lateral angles. ......-.- Nerocila californica Schicedte and Meinert a’. Terminal segment of abdomen not quadrate; posterior margin not acuminate. b. Last segment of abdomen regularly rounded. Uropoda longer than abdomen. Eyes black, distinct. Head as wide as long, truncate in front. Terminal abdominal segment without median longitudinal carina. Nerocila munda Harger b’. Last segment of abdomen lanceolate. Uropoda shorter than abdomen. Eyes entirely wanting. Head wider than long and truncately rounded anteriorly. Terminal abdominal segment with median longitudinal carina. Nerocila lanceolata (Say ) “See Schicedte and Meinert for the characters of the genus, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 4-5. 220 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. NEROCILA ACUMINATA Schicedte and Meinert. Nerocila acuminata ScHicpTE and Merinert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 48-50, pl. 111, figs. 5-6.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 220; Proe. U.S. Nat. Mus:, XX{IT; 180i, p: 527; Trans: Conn. Acad. Sci.; XI, 1902; p.-291. Localities.—Atlantie Ocean and Gulf of Mexico; St. Anna, Mexico; Louisiana; Pensacola and St. Marys River, Florida; Fort Macon, North Carolina; Newpoint, Virginia; Biloxi, Mississippi; Bermudas; Lake Harley, Florida; south Florida. Parasites of the saw-fish; Chetodipterus faber (side of body); Spheroides maculatus; Alutera schapfii; Lachnolaimus marimus (on fin). Body ovate, a little more than one and a half times longer than wide, 13 mm.: 21 mm. Head, somewhat quadrate, as long as wide, 4 mm.: 4 mm., with the anterior margin almost straight, slightly rounded, and the posterior margin produced in three lobes, the middle one being much the larger. Eyes absent. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles and ex- tend to the post-lateral lobe of the head. The second pair of antenne are com- posed of nine articles and extend just a little beyond the first pair of antennee. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax is ft eh iin een longer than any of the three following TER ‘SCHI@DTE AND Mement), «, segments; the fifth, sixth, and seventh ADULT FEMALE. 6, LATERAL VIEW. seoments are longer than any of the (ENLARGED. ) = : e ’ three preceding segments, but g@radu- ally decrease in length, the fifth being the longest. The body is broad- est at the fifth and sixth segments. The post-lateral angles of all the segments are produced backward in long acute processes, increasing in length from the first to the seventh segment. The epimera are dis- tinctly separated from the segments, with the exception of the first. They are long, narrow plates, becoming more acutely pointed at their posterior extremities from the first to the seventh. The epimera of the second segment extend beyond the post-lateral angles of the seg- ment; those of the third segment extend to the post-lateral angles of the segment; all the others reach the posterior margins of the seg- ments, but do not extend to the extremity of the post-lateral angles. eine Uh ee, * ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. oor The segments of the abdomen are all distinct. The sixth or terminal segment is a little broader than long, 6 mm.: 5 mm., almost quadrate, with the post-lateral angles rounded and a small triangular point in the middle of the posterior margin. The uropoda are longer than the terminal abdominal segment. Both branches are produced to long, narrow, acute extremities, the outer branch being slightly narrower at - if) if a db c d e Fic. 223:—NEROCILA ACUMINATA. ad, MAXILLIPED. x 271. b, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 271. c, SECOND MAX- ILLA. X27}. d, PALP OF MANDIBLE. X 27}. €, SEVENTH LEG. xX 92. the base and somewhat longer than the inner branch. The inner branch is 3 mm. long; the outer branch + mm. in length. The legs are all prehensile, slightly increasing in length, with long, curved dactyli. There are two longitudinal bands or stripes of a light-brown or yel- low color extending the entire length of the body, one on either side of the median line. The other parts of the body are dark greenish brown. NEROCILA CALIFORNICA Schicedte and Meinert. Nerocila californica ScuiaprE and MerNert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 72-76, pl. v, figs. 12-13; pl. v1, figs. 1-2.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 830; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 172; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 220. Localities. —San Diego, California; Taboga Island, Panama Bay; off Point Sur, California; National City, California. ‘Parasites of Promicrops guttatus; cat-fish on tin; Gyropleurodus Jrancisct on dorsal fin: on dorsal and caudal fin of Paralabrax clathrata, Scorpena guttata, Triakis semifasciata, Myliobatis sp. Body oblong-ovate, nearly two and a half times longer than wide, S mm. :19 mm. Head, wider than long, 25 mm.:33 mm., with the anterior margin widely rounded, the posterior margin produced in three lobes, the middle one of which is much the larger. The eyes are indistinct and have almost entirely disappeared. They have degenerated, probably owing to the parasitic mode of life, and are certainly functionless. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles and extend to the end of the seventh article of the second pair of antenne. The s-cout 222 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. pair of antenne are composed of ten articles, and extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of the three following segments; the last three segments are longer than any Fic. 224.—NEROCILA CALIFORNICA (AFTER SCHIGDTE AND MEINERT). @, LATERAL VIEW. 6b, ADULT FEMALE. C, YOUNG FEMALE. d, LATERAL VIEW. (ENLARGED.) of the three preceding segments and are about equal in length to the first segment. The thorax is broadest at the sixth segment. The post- lateral angles of only the last two segments are produced, those of the sixth segment being very little produced, and those of the seventh seg- ment not much produced. The epimera of all the segments, with the exception of the first, are distinctly separated from the segments. The b d a ae A FIG. 225,.—NEROCILA CALIFORNICA. @, MAXILLIPED. xX 27}. b, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 27}. c, MANDI- BLE. xX 513. d, SEVENTH LEG. xX 9. first three have the posterior extremities rounded; the extremities of the last three are more acutely pointed. The epimera do not extend beyond the posterior margins of the segments (and they extend to the posterior margin) except in the last segment, where they almost reach the extremity of the post-lateral angles. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. De All of the segments of the abdomen are distinct. The sixth or terminal segment is about as broad as long, 4mm.:4mm. The seg- ment is somewhat quadrate, with the post- lateral angles obtusely rounded, and the pos- terior margin produced ina small, triangular median point. The uropoda are longer than the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch is longer than the inner branch, 3 mm.: 4mm. Both branches are produced to narrow, acute extremities, the outer branch being also somewhat narrower at the base than the inner branch. All the legs are prehensile, gradually increasing in leneth, and terminate in long, Fic. 226.—NEROCILA CALIFORNICA curved dacty li. (AFTER SCHI@DTE AND MEINERT). There are two longitudinal bands or stripes ed Mixer.) Of a. yellow or light-brown color, extending the entire length of the body, one on either side of the median line. The other parts of the body are a dark greenish brown color. : NEROCILA MUNDA Harger. Nerocila munda Haraer, with Verrrit, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1873, Pt. 1, p. 571 (277); p. 459 (165), 571.—Harerr, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fish- eries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 392-393, pl. x, fig. 65.—RicHarpson, American Natu- ralist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 220; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 528. Locality. —Vineyard Sound, at Woods Hole. Found on dorsal fin of Alutera schoepfit. Body oblong-oyate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 6 mim.:13 mm. Head large, sub-quadrate, about as wide as long, 2mm.:2 mm., with the posterior margin tri-lobate, the median lobe being the largest. The anterior margin is somewhat triangulate, with apex obtusely rounded. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne are com- posed of eight articles and extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The second pair of antenne are composed of twelve articles and extend one or two articles beyond the first antennee; the last four articles are very slender and gradually diminish in size and length. The maxilliped has a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The thorax is broadest at the fifth and sixth segments. The first and fifth segments are longer than any of the others. The post-lateral angles of the last three segments are acutely produced, and extend 224 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. beyond the epimera. The epimera are distinct on all the segments with the exception of the first. The first three are small and the first two have the posterior margins rounded. The last four are acutely pro- duced, the epimera extending to the posterior margins of the segments, but not to the extremity of the post- lateral angles in the last three seg- ments. All the segments of the abdomen are distinct. The sixth or terminal segment is rounded posteriorly. The inner branch of the uropoda is broad with the extremity obliquely truncate; it extends a little beyond the tip of the terminalabdominalsegment. The outer branch is one-fourth longer than the inner branch, is slightly narrower, and is produced to a narrow rounded Wi. extremity. Fig. 227.—NEROCILA MUNDA (AFTER HAR- All the lees are prehensile, with GER). x 4. a. UROPOD. x 6. b eS ° long, curved dactyl. Sp? There are two light longitudinal stripes or bands extending the entire length of the body, one on either side of the median line. Fic. 228.—NEROCILA MUNDA. 4d, MAXILLIPED. x 512. b, SECOND MAXILLA. X 512. ¢c, FIRST MAXILLA. x 512. d, PALP OF MANDIBLE. X 513. e€, SEVENTH LEG. 15}. Cymothoa lanceolata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 397-398.— RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 530. Locality.—Cumberland Island, Georgia. Having seen Say’s type specimen of Cymothoa lanceolata which is in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, I find that it should NEROCILA LANCEOLATA (Say). be referred to the genus Verocila. ee © es ee a rr, — = LO ay Ee CR ~ ath ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 995 Body oblong-ovate, nearly twice as long as wide, 10 mm.:19 mm. Head a little wider than long, 3 mm.:4 mm., with the anterior mar- ein rounded truncate and the posterior margin produced in three lobes, the middle lobe being deeper than and about twice as wide as the lateral lobes. The eyes are entirely absent; no traces of them are to be seen. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles and extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment; they are separated at the base by a distance of 1mm. The second pair of antenne are composed of nine articles and extend only a little beyond the end of the first pair of antenne. The first thoracic segment is 2 mm. long, about twice as long as any of the three following segments, which are each 1 mm. long in the middle of the dorsal surface. The fifth segment is 15 mm. in length. The sixth segment is as long as the first—about 2 mm. in length. The seventh segment is 1 mm. long—only half as long as the preceding segment. The post-lateral angles of the first four segments are but little produced. The post-lateral angles of the last two segments are very much produced, those of the seventh segment being more produced than those of the preceding segment. The epimera of the second, third, fourth, and fifth segments extend to the post-lateral angles of their respective segments. Those of the second and third segments are rounded posteriorly. Those of the fourth and fifth segments are obtusely pointed. The epimer: of the sixth and seventh segments are very acutely produced and extend to the posterior margins of Ba ines eu their respective segments, but not to the post- 2G Aidt lateral angles. The first five segments of the abdomen are subequal and all visible in a dorsal view, the first segment not being covered by the last thoracic segment. The first two have the lateral parts pro- duced in long acute processes on the underside, these processes not being visible from a dorsal view. The lateral parts of the other seg- ments are not produced. The sixth or terminal segment is as wide as long—5 mm.:5 mm.—and is longer than all the five anterior segments taken together—5 mm.:4 mm. It is triangular in shape, with apex produced and rounded. The uropoda are shorter than the last abdom- inal segment, the inner branch being the shorter.“ “The inner branch is probably broken in the specimen, for this branch is described by Say as triangular, whereas it appears truncate in the specimen. 28089—05 16 226 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The outer branch is a little narrower than the inner branch and rounded truncate.@ 85. Genus ANILOCRA’ Leach.? Body compact, rather stout. Head posteriorly produced in three lobes, not at all immersed and not constricted at the base. Anterior margin of the first thoracic segment more or less distinctly trisinuate. Posterior angles of the first thoracic segment most always somewhat produced and prominent; those of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth seginents not prominent; those of the seventh segment prominent and produced. Anterior epimera almost reach or do not reach by a very short distance the posterior angle of the segment; the posterior epimera do not reach by a greater or less distance the posterior angle of the segment. Abdomen covered at the base. Legs increase gradually in length, the last pair very often abruptly longer than the others. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ANILOCRA. a. Head produced, with sides sinuate and roundly truncate in front. Terminal abdominal segment varying in width, either equally as long as wide or mani- festly longer than wide. Uropoda much shorter than caudal segment; inner branch scarcely much longer and much wider than outer branch. Anilocra laticauda Milne Edwards a’. Head rounded as a circle in front. Terminal abdominal segment wider than long. Uropoda manifestly longer than terminal segment; inner branch much shorter and scarcely wider than outer branch. Anilocra plebeia Schicedte and Meinert «The above description is from a dried specimen, the type, in the collection of the Philadelphia Academy. Say’s description is as follows: Body oblong-oval; head broader than long; tail dilated, lanceolate, carinate, equal to the six preceding segments conjunctly. Inhabits— Cabinet of the Academy. Body, the transverse less than half of the longitudinal diameter; segments nar- rower before and rounded, acute behind; edge not thickened; anftenne not robust; abdomen, segments suddenly narrower than the thoracic segments, subequal, the posterior ones gradually narrower; terminal segment dilated, lanceolate, a transverse impressed line at base, longitudinally carinated, carina obsolete toward the base, inner terminal joint of the lateral appendices triangular, outer one linear somewhat obliquely truncated at tip. Length, three-fourths of an inch. Found cast on the beach of Cumberland Island, Georgia.—Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 397-398. bSee Schicedte and Meinert for characters of genus, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 100-101. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. DT. ANILOCRA LATICAUDA Milne Edwards. Anilocra laticauda Mixer Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., IIT, 1840, p. 259. Anilocra mexicana Saussure, Rey. Mag. Zool., 1857, p. 505. Anilocra leachii (Krevrer) Scutapre, Natur. Tidsskrift (3), TV, 1866, p. 205, pl. XI, figs. 2a—2¢. Anilocra laticauda Scatapre and Merrnert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 126-131, pl. rx, figs. 1-3.—RricHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. §. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 528.— Moore, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p- 172, pl. x, figs. 3-4. Localities.—From Maryland to the Straits of Magellan; Maryland; Key West; St. Anna, Mexico; Cozumel, Yucatan; Habana, Cuba; St. ? 9 3 Thomas; St. Croix; St. Bartolomew; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Sandy 4 9 3 Py, Point, in Straits of Magellan; Porlamar, Margarita Island, Venezuela; Arroyo and Vieques, Porto Rico. Parasite of Hemulon plumieri; also of Upeneus martinicus. , 1 FIG. 230.—ANILOCRA LATICAUDA (AFTER SCHI@DTE AND MEINERT). @, YOUNG OF THE SECOND STAGE. b, ADULT FEMALE. C, YOUNG OF THE FIRST STAGE. (ALL ENLARGED.) Body oblong-ovate, nearly two and a half times longer than wide, 14 mm.:34 mm. Body widest at the fifth thoracic segment. Head wider at the base than long, 3 mm.:5 mm., somewhat triangular in shape, becoming gradually narrower toward the anterior extrem- ity, which is produced to a narrow, pointed apex, bending downward over the antenne, separating the basal articles, and extending on the ventral side to the mouth parts. From a dorsal view the anterior margin is 2 mm. wide and is truncate. The eyes are large, oval, twice as long as wide, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles of the head. The head is not at all set in the first thoracic segment. The first pair of antennz are composed of eight articles, and extend to the end of the fifth article of the second pair of antenne. The basal articles are not contiguous, but are separated by a distance of + mm., the width of the frontal process at this point. The second 228 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. pair of antenne are composed of ten articles and extend bevonud the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first and fourth segments of the thorax are subequal! and each is 3mm. in length; the second and third are subequal and each is 2 mm. long; the fifth and sixth are each 4 mm. in length; the seventh is 24 mm. long. The epimera are distinctly separated on the last six seg- ments. Those of the second and third segments extend the full length of the lateral margin; those of the fourth and seventh segments extend one-half of the lateral margin; those of the fifth and sixth extend one- third of the lateral mar- gin. The first two are rounded posteriorly; the last four have the outer b post-lateral angles acutely produced. The first segment of the abdomen is as wide as the seventh thoracic seg- ment. The abdomen is not set in the thorax and all the segments are dis- tinct. The second, third, fourth, and fifth segments become gradually some- what narrower. The sixth or terminal seg- ment is not wider at the base than the fifth seg- FIG. 231.—ANILOCRA LATICAUDA. .a, MAXILLIPED. x 273. b, Ment; itis widely rounded SEVENTH LEG. > 27}. c, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 273. d, MAN- posteriorly, and 18 as long DIBLE. x 271. €, SECOND MAXILLA. X 273. s ni as wide, 7 mm.:7 mm. The uropoda are as long as the terminal abdominal segment, are of equal length and width, and are rounded posteriorly. All the legs are prehensile with long, narrow, curved dactyli, those of the second and third pairs being much longer than the others. The last pair of legs are longer than any of the others. There isa very low carina on the basis of the last four pairs of legs.“ «See Schicedte and Meinert for complete description of this form, the adult female, the young of the first stage, and the young of the second stage, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 126-131, bo bd LY ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ANILOCRA PLEBIA Schicedte and Meinert. Anilocra plebia Scuiapre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 145-146, pl. x, fig. 3.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 528. Localities.—Shores of Costa Rica; Central America. Body elliptical, two or three times longer than wide (9:4). Head moderately large, subtriangular, one-third as wide as the fourth thoracic segment, much wider than long, very slightly immersed, the front rounded in a circle. Eyes small, suboval, tumid, separated by a distance of more than half the width of the head. The first pair of antennze are straight, rather compressed, and extend with the two last articles to the anterior angle of the first thoracic segment and to the sixth article of the second pair of antennze; they are composed of eight articles. : The second pair of antenne are rather com- pressed, are a little narrower than the first pair of antenne, and do not reach the posterior angle of the first thoracic segment; they are composed of nine articles. The anterior margin of the first thoracic seg- ment is manifestly trisinuated, the lateral sinuses being scarcely deeper than the median sinus. SesdApese Soh FIG. 232.—ANILOCRA The posterior angles of the first six segments of — presi (Arrer Sour ie thorax are scarcely or not at all produced, S272 4ND MEINERT). és YOUNG FEMALE. (EN- being rounded or obtuse. The posterior angles of i ancep.) the seventh segment are a little more produced and rounded. The angles of the seventh segment do not reach by a small distance the posterior angle of the first segment of the abdomen. The epimera are projecting. The first three are rather wide or ‘ather narrow, decreasing gradually in width, with the posterior mar- gin widely rounded. The three posterior ones are narrow, subequal in width, with the posterior margin narrowly rounded. The epimera of the first and second pairs extend almost to the posterior angle of the segment; those of the third pair do not reach by a small distance the posterior angle of the segment; the fourth, fifth, and sixth pairs of epimera are subequal and do not reach by a large distance the pos- terior angle of the segment. The first six pairs of legs gradually increase a little in length; those of the last pair are manifestly longer and a little more slender than the others. The ungul of the first pair are rather long and rather stout; those of the second, third, fourth, and fifth pairs are long or very long, rather stout, subequal in length; those of the sixth pair are long or 230 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ‘rather long and rather stout; those of the seventh pair are rather short and slender. The abdomen is covered at the base, is more than one and a half times longer than wide (8:5), and is much shorter than the thorax with the head (4:3). The first five segments gradually increase a little in length. The sides of the first five segments are a little roundly dilated, excavate, or emarginate; the first and second segments are obliquely truncated; the third, fourth, and fifth segments are gradually more deeply and more angularly emarginate. The terminal segment of the abdomen is cordate, impressed at the base, obscurely carinated, much wider than long (6:5), manifestly longer than the other segments of the abdomen taken together (10: 9). The uropoda are manifestly longer than the terminal abdominal seg- ment (9:8); the inner branch is very much shorter and scarcely wider than the exterior branch, becoming narrower back of the middle, sub- laminar, scarcely surpassing the apex of the last segment; the exterior branch is narrow, sickle-shaped. Length 21.5 mm. Color from gray to green, yellow on the terminal abdominal seg- ment and the uropoda.¢ 386. Genus OLENCIRA Leaeh. Body relaxed, rather stout, more or less distorted. Head constricted at the base. First pair of antenne separated at the base, rather compressed. Second pair of antenne compressed. Eyes manifest. Anterior margin of the first thoracic segment manifestly trisinuated. The posterior angles of ee first six segments of the wuts ax not pro- «The above Gesonaonh is anc from the imine one of sehiedia and Meinert’s: Elliptica, bis vel ter longior quam latior (9:4). Caput mediocre, subtriangulum, quam annulus quartus trunci ter angustius, multo latius quam longius, levissime immersum, fronte in orbem rotundata. Oculi parvi, subovalis, tumidi, plus quam dimidia parte latitudinis capitis distantes. Antenne primi paris subrectze, compressiusculee; angulum priorem annuli primi trunci articu- lis binis ultimis superantes, articulum sextum antennarum secundi paris explentes; &-articulatee. Antenne secundi paris compressiusculee, quam antennee primi paris paulo angus- tiores, angulum posticum annuli primi trunci non attingentes; 9-articulatee. Margo anticus annuli primi trunci manifesto trisinuatus, sinubus lateralibus quam sinu medio vix profundioribus. Anguli postici annulorum sex priorum trunci vix vel non prominuli, rotundati vel obtusi; annuliseptimi paulum prominuli, rotundati. Anguli annuli septimi angulum posticum annuli primi caudalis spatio parvo non attingentes. Epimera subpendula; terna priora latiuscula vel angustiuscula, per paria sensim latitudine decrescentia, margine postico late rotundato; terna posteriora angusta, latitudine subsequalia, margine postico breviter rotundato. Epimera paris primi et secundi angulum annuli fere explentia; paris tertii angulum annuli spatio parvo non ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. .- 231 duced; those of the seventh segment produced. The epimera almost reach the posterior angles of the segments. Terminal segment of abdomen subtriangular or subcordate. Urop- oda much shorter than the terminal abdominal segment; inner branch scarcely shorter than the outer branch. Legs long; the first six pairs gradually increasingly longer; those of the sev enth pair abruptly very much longer than the others. The basis of the four posterior pairs furnished with a carina. Ungule long, those of the first pair mani- festly shorter than the others; those of the seventh pair manifestly longer than the others.“ OLENCIRA PRAGUSTATOR (Latrobe). Oniscus pregustator Larropr, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., V, 1802, p. 77, pl. 1 Cymothoa pregustator Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 395-396. Olencira lamarkii Leacn, Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, 1818, p. 351.—Dersmarest, Consid. Gen. Crust., 1825, p. 307.—MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 264. Olencira pregustator ScHiapTB and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 152-154, pl. x, figs. 6-9.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 528-529. - Localities. Potomac River; York Spit, Virginia; Dividing Cove; St. George’s Island, Maryland; Fort Monroe, Head of Cockrell Creek, Hampton Creek, Lower Chesapeake Bay; Cape Charles, Virginia; off Great Wicomico; Pensacola and St. Mary’s River, Florida; Mobile, Alabama; Winyah Bay, South Carolina (mouths of menhaden); Zoo- logical Park, Washington City (on bug-fish); Crisfield, Maryland; Florida; Georgetown, District of Columbia. Parasite of Brevoortia UES us; Brevoortia US bug-fish. attingentia; paris quarti, quinti, sexti peal annuli spatio magno, ere non attingentia. Pedes parium sex priorum per paria sensim longitudine paulum cres- centes; paris ultimi ceteris manifesto longiores et paulo tenuiores. Ungul paris primi longiuscule, crassiusculee; paris secundi, tertii, quarti, quinti longze vel per- longe, crassiusculee, longitudine subzequales; paris sexti longze vel longiuscule; crassiusculee; paris septimi breviusculee, subtenues. Cauda ad basin obtecta, longior quam latior plus sesqui (8:5), quam truncus cum capite multo brevior (4:3). Annuli quinque priores sensim longitudine paulum crescentes. Latera annulorum quinque priorum paulum rotundate dilatata, excavata, vix marginata; annuli primi et secundi oblique truncata; annuli tertii, quarti, quinti per paria sensim profundius atque magis angulate emarginata. Annulus analis cordatus, ad basin impressus, obscure carinatus, multo latior quam longior (6:5), ceteris annulis caudalibus conjunctis manifesto longior (10:9). Pedes anales annulo anali manifesto longiores (9:8); ramus interior quam exterior valde brevior et vix latior, pone medium angustatus, sublaminatus, apicem annuli vix superans; ramus exterior angustatus, subfalcatus. Long. 21, 5 mm. Color ex griseo olivaceus, annulo anali cum pedibus analibus flavicans.—ScH1@DTE AND Mernert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 145-146. “See Schicedte and Meinert for characters of genus, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 150-151. 232 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. AL - Body narrow, elongate, gradually increasing in width to the seventh thoracic segment, 65 mm. wide, 26 mm. long. Fig. 233.—OLENCIRA PR#GUSTATOR (AFTER SCHIGDTE AND MEINERT). a, HEAD OF FEMALE SHOWING AN- TENNAE AND MOUTH PARTS. 0b, HEAD OF MALE SHOWING SAME. (EN- LARGED. ) Head as wide at the base as it is long— 3mm. : 3mm.— gradually becoming more and more narrow to the anterior extrem- ity, which is widely rounded. The ante- rior extremity is half as wide as the base, being 13 mm. in width. The eyes are large, oblong, twice as long as wide, composite, and situated in the posterior half of the head at the post-lateral angles. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles, and extend to the seventh article of the second pair of antenne. The basal articles of the first antenne are not adjacent, but are sep- arated by a distance of 1 mm. The sec- ond pair of antenne are composed of ten articles and extend to the posterior margin of the head. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandi- bles is composed of three articles. The first and fourth segments of the thorax are longest and are subequal, | -each being 25 mm. in length; the second and third are subequal and each is 2 mm. long; the fifth and sixth are subequal and each is 14 mm. long; the a seventh segment is the shortest and is 1 mm. in length. The epimera are distinctly separated on all the segments, with the ex- ception of the first; they are narrow, elon- gate plates, which do not reach the pos- terior margins of the segments, except the seventh pair. The abdomen is abruptly narrower than the thorax. The first segment is deeply set in the thorax and is covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The segments increase very little in width. The sixth or terminal py. 234.—OLenctra PREGUSTATOR segment is a little longer than wide, (AFTER SCHIGDTE AND MEINERT). a . : ° a, ADULT FEMALE. b, LATERAL VIEW. 5 mm.: 6 mm.; it is triangularly pro- — (gyzareen.) duced to a narrowly rounded apex. All the legs are prehensile, with long, narrow curved dactyli. They increase slightly in length to the seventh pair, which are abruptly very: ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 233 much larger and longer than the sixth pair, being extremely long. The last three pairs have the basis furnished with a low carina. 5) ay FIG. 235.—OLENCIRA PREGUSTATOR. ad, MANDIBLE. x 273. 6, MANDIBLE WITHOUT PALP. x 512. Cc, MAXILLIPED. X 27}. d,SECOND MAXILLA. X 273. e, FIRST MAXILLA. X 27}, 37. Genus CERATOTHOA Dana.¢ Body oblong. Head but little immersed or set in the first thoracic segment. Eyes small. The first pair of antenne are dilated, contiguous at the base. The second pair of antennz are compressed. Anterior margin of the first segment of the thorax rounded. Epim- era of the first thoracic segment in the female with a carina produced in the form of a spoon or a tubercle and directed anteriorly. The anterior epimera do not reach by a great but gradually decreasing distance the posterior angle of the segment. The posterior epimera almost reach or extend a little beyond the posterior angles of the segments. The abdomen is deeply immersed or set in the thorax. Terminal segment transverse. The legs are rather long, with the exception of the first and second pairs. The ungulz are long and strongly curved, those of the third pair in the female poms ee longest of all, and aSee Schicedte and Meinert for characters e genus, Nat. Tideee (3), XI, 1881-83, pp. 299-300. 934 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. abruptly longer than those of the second pair. There is a high carina on the basis of the four posterior pairs of legs. The male is smaller than the female. CERATOTHOA IMPRESSA (Say). Cymothoa impressa Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 397. Ceratothoa linearis Dana, U.S. Expl. Exp. Crust., XIV, 1853, p. 752, pl. 1, figs. la-ld. Ceratothoa exocxti CUNNINGHAM, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XX VII, 1869-71, p. 499, pl. Lrx, fig. 5. Glossobius linearis ScoiapTe and Metnerr, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 301-308, pl. x11, figs. 1-2. Ceratothoa linearis STEBBING, Hist. of Crust., 1893, p. 354.—RicHarpson, Amer- ican Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 529. Localities.—From latitude 42° to 21° north; latitude 8° to 10° north, longitude 40° to 50° west; latitude 34° north, longitude 51° west; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; in the Gulf Stream everywhere; Cape May, New Jersey (Say). Having had an oppor- tunity to examine Say’s type specimen of Cymo- thoa LINPVESSA, deposited in the Philadelphia A cad- emy of Natural Sciences, FIG. 236.—CERATOTHOA IMPRESSA (AFTER SCHIGEDTE AND its identity with Cerato- MEINERT). @, ADULT FEMALE. b, LATERAL virw or tTHO- f¢houw linearis Dana 18 RaX. ¢, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF MALE. d, ADULT MALE. (ENLARGED.) found to be unquestion- able. The earlier name will therefore have to be adopted for this species. Parasite of flying-fish, Hvocetus sp.; ¢. g., Hrocetus exiliens, Fx. lamelliferus, Ex. brachycephalus (Schicedte and Meinert); on Cory- phen sp. Body elongate, a little more than three times longer than wide, 10 mm.:338 mm. Head a little wider than long, 3 mm.:4 mm., not deeply set in the thorax, with the front excavate on either side of a broad and elongate median process, 1 mm. in length and 1 mm. in width, the apex of which is obtusely pointed. The antenne fit in these excavations. The antero- lateral angles of the head are acutely pointed. The eyes are small, about twice as wide as long, and somewhat obliquely placed at the sides of the head, about halfway between the antero-lateral and post- lateral angles. The first pair of antennve are composed of seven arti- cles, the basal articles in each antenna being adjacent on the ventral side. The first antennz extend just below the eyes. The second pair i a i ee 25 a ee we ee ww Se eee ee ee | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. Dao of antenne are composed of eleven articles, the last three being very minute. The articles of both pairs of antenne are greatly dilated and flattened. The second antenn extend to the posterior margin of the head. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the 27 Fic. 237.—CERATOTHOA IMPRESSA. @, MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. X 27}. b, SECOND MAXILLA. xX 2 c, FIRST MAXILLA. X 512. d, PALP OF MANDIBLE. X 27}. 1 3: mandibles is very large and conspicuous and is composed of three articles. The second or posterior maxille are very large and con- spicuous, are bilobed at the tip, both lobes being furnished with small hooks. The first four segments of the thorax are large and about equal in length; the fifth segment is half as long as any of the four preceding segments; the sixth and seventh segments are very short in the median dorsal line and each is about one-half as long as the fifth seoment. The first thoracic segment has the antero-lateral expansion” Fig. 238.—CERATOTHOA IMPRESSA (AFTER SCHIG:DTE AND MEINERT). ad, YOUNG OF THE SECOND \ STAGE. 6b, YOUNG OF THE THIRD STAGE. ¢C, YOUNG OF THE FIRST STAGE. (ENLARGED.) produced in a carinated process, produced outward and forward and terminating acutely a little anterior to the antero-lateral expansion of = J the segment. The epimera are distinctly separated on all the follow- = a) ing six segments. In the second segment they are directed forward 236 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. and project in an anteriorly acute process. In the third, fourth, and fifth segments the epimera are narrow, elongated plates, occupying the anterior half of the segments. In the last two segments they are also narrow and elongate, and occupy nearly the entire length of the segment. The abdomen is abruptly narrower than the thorax, the first seg- ment being much narrower and deeply set in the thorax. The four following segments are as wide as the seventh thoracic segment, and gradually in- crease in width to the sixth segment, which is very. wide. The terminal segment is nearly twice as wide as long; it is 10 mm. wide, 4mm. long in the Fic. -240.— CERATOTHOA IM- PRESSA (AFTER SCHIGDTE median longitudinal line, and = axp Meier). a, UNeurs 6.mam.-long im the lateral por- oe ee : : YOUNG OF SECONDSTAGE. D, Fig. 239.—CeRaTotH0A tions, The post-lateralangles Uneuxa or stxtH PAIR OF LEGS OF YOUNG OF SECOND STAGE. (ENLARGED.) IMPRESSA. SEVENTH 5 LEG. xX 4}. of this segment are rounded, the posterior margin being deeply excavate. The uropoda are as long as the terminal segment, are equal in width, and are rounded at the extremities. The outer branch is very slightly shorter than the inner branch. All the legs are prehensile, with long, narrow curved dactyli, those of the fourth pair being the longest. There is a high carina on the basis of the last four pairs of legs, the height of the carina increasing from the fourth to the seventh pair, where it is extremely high.“ 388. Genus MEINERTIA Stebbing.? Body oblong. Head more or less deeply immersed or set in the first thoracic segment. Eyes distinct. First pair of antenne dilated, contiguous at the base. Second pair of antennze compressed. First thoracic segment with the anterior margin widely sinuated or almost straight. Anterior epimera do not reach by a great but gradu- ally decreasing distance the posterior angle of the segments. The posterior epimera almost reach or sometimes extend a little beyond ‘the posterior angles of the segments. Terminal segment of abdomen triangular, semicircular, often bilobed. “For description of the male and the female and the young of the first, second, and third stages, see Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII, 1881-83, pp. 301-308. bSee Schicedte and Meinert for characters of genus, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIII 1881-83, pp. 322-823. ERE DES Lee bee Sort mye + > = ee a war Ae Ae Pwo hors a - ¥ AS ng Sete gyre = es any ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 230 The first three pairs of legs are more or less manifestly shorter than the others. Ungule subequal. Male is much smaller in size than female. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS MEINERTIA. a. First pair of antennze short, extending to the eye or to the posterior margin of the head. Second pair of antennze short, extending to the posterior margin of the head, and composed of only eight or nine articles. Head more or less deeply set in first thoracic segment. b. High carina present on the basis of the last four pairs of legs. Uropoda extend beyond the terminal abdominal segment. Eyes small. Last segment of abdomen about twice as wide as long. ce. Body convex. Terminal abdominal segment trapezoidal and rugose dorsally. Meinertia gaudichaudii (Milne Edwards ) c’. Body flattened from fourth segment to end of abdomen. ‘Terminal segment semicircular and smooth dorsally ..--.-----: Veinertia deplanata ( Bovallius) b’. No carina developed on the basis of the legs. Uropoda extend only a little beyond half the length of the abdomen. Eyes large. Last segment of abdo- men nearly three times as wide as long. .----.---J Meinertia gilberti Richardson a. First pair of antennie long, extending to the middle of the first thoracic segment. Second pair of antennie long, extending to the posterior margin of the first thoracie segment, and composed of fourteen articles. Head but little immersed INPMCSHCMOLACIGSeOMehita ae os - 6 cee oe see Veinertia transversa Richardson MEINERTIA GAUDICHAUDII (Milne Edwards). Cymothoa gaudichaudii Mitne Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., IIT, 1840, p. 271 Ceratothoa rapax Hetinr, Reise Novara, Crust., 1865, p. 146, fig. 17. Ceratothoa gaudichaudii Scuiapre and Merert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XII, 1881-83, pp. 335-340, pl. xi, figs. 11-15. Meinertia gaudichaudii Srrpninc, Hist. of Crust., 1893, p. 345.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. S..Nat.. Mus:, XGXI, 1899, p. 829; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 171; Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., III, 1901, p. 568.—Sressine, Willey’s Zool. Results, 1902, p. 643. Localities. —Mazatlan; Pacific Ocean following the shores of Central America; Coquimbo; shores of Chili; Callao; Peruvian shores; Chin- chenses Islands; Black Bight, Albemarle Island, Galapagos Islands; 200 miles north of Wenman Island, Galapagos Islands; Panaieti, Louisiade Archipelago, New Guinea. Found in the mouth of Zhunnus sp. Body elongate, nearly three times as long as broad; 16 mm.: 45 mm. Head nearly twice as wide as long (4 mm.: 7 mm.) somewhat tri- angular in shape, with apex obtuse. The head is deeply set in the first thoracic segment, the narrow and acute antero-lateral angles of which extend half the length of the head. Eyes small, distinct, irreg- ular in outline, but inclined to be square, and placed at the sides of the head, a little below the middle. The first pair of antennz are composed of seven articles, the two first ones being almost fused; they extend just below the eye. The second pair of antenne are composed of nine articles and extend to 238 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Sete er eT the posterior margin of the head. The basal articles of the first pair of antenne are adjacent on the ventral side. The articles of both | pairs of antenne are greatly dilated and flattened. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed Fic. 241.—MEINERTIA GAUDICHAUDII (AFTER SCHICEDTE AND MEINERT). @, ADULT FEMALE. 6b, ADULT FEMALE. ¢C, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX. (ENLARGED.) of three articles, the terminal one being very slender and minute. | The second maxille terminate in two lobes furnished with small hooks. | The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of the others, being 6 mm. in length; the second and fifth segments are subequal, each being 4mm. long; the third and fourth are each 5 mm. in length; | (| S| a b c Fic. 242.—MEINERTIA GAUDICHAUDII. ad, MAXILLIPED OF MALE. X 203. 6, MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. x 203. c, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 39. a ct ne wht ees the sixth segment is 3 mm. long; the seventh is 2 mm. long. The antero-lateral angles of the first segment are narrow and acute and are produced forward to about the middle of the head. The epimera are distinctly separated on all the six following segments. They are narrow, elongated plates, not extending quite to the posterior margins of the segments. Ns dg erg ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA, 239 The abdomen is deeply set in the thorax. The first segment has the sides covered by the last thoracic segment. The four following Fig. 248.—MEINERTIA GAUDICHAUDIT (AFTER SCHIGDTE AND MEINERT). a, YOUNG OF FIRST STAGE. b, SECOND LEG OF ADULT MALE. c, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT MALE. d, ADULT MALE. (ENLARGED. ) segments are as wide as the seventh thoracic segment or wider. The sixth or terminal segment is trapezoidal, almost twice as wide as == a b G Fig. 244.—MEINERTIA GAUDICHAUDI. d@, SECOND MAXILLA. ™ 33. b, PALP OF MANDIBLE. xX 33. c, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR. x 3. long, 7mm:13 mm. The post-lateral angles are rounded and the posterior margin straight. The uropoda are a little longer than the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branch is slightly longer than the outer branch. Both are narrow, elongate, and produced to acute and tapering extremities. The legs are all prehensile, and terminate in short, stout dactyli. There is a high carina on the basis of the last four pairs of legs, the carina increasing in height P..28 Metwerma cxcoonavoit | (Arne from the fourth to the seventh ADULT FEMALE. b, SEVENTH LEG OF ADULT FE- pair, where it isextremely high. 9 “47 (™ARG=P.) “ For description of male, female, and young of the first stage, see Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr., (3), XIII, 1881-1883, pp. 335-340. : 240 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. MEINERTIA DEPLANATA (Bovallius). Ceratothoa deplanata Bovauuivs, Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., X, No. 11, 1885, pp. 20-22. . Locality.—Coast of Haiti, West Indies. **The form of the body is elongate, the anterior and posterior ends are only a little narrower than the middle, the anterior part is not very convex; from the fourth segment of the pereion to the end of the urus the body is quite flattened. The surface is smooth, without spots. “The head is broad, triangular, with broadly rounded front, the sides rounded, not emarginate. The upper side is smooth, convex. The eyes are mediocre, rhomboidal, surrounded by dark diffuse spots. FIG. 246.—MEINERTIA DEPLANATA (AFTER BOVALLIUS). a, FIRST LEG. 6, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. c, URopop. d, SEVENTH LEG. ¢€, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. jf, HEAD WITH BOTH ANTENNZ. ( ENLARGED.) ** The first pair of antenne are nearly as long as the second, thick, not compressed, seven-jointed; they reach quite to the anterior mar- gin of the first pereional segment. The first joint is the longest; it is as long as the two following together. The three last ones are small, tapering. **The second pair of antenne are but a little more slender than the first pair, eight-jointed; the first joint the longest; the four last ones small, tapering; the last very minute. **The pereion is smooth, the sides feebly rounded. The processes of the first segment are very broad, short, bent downward; the first segment is shorter than the fifth, but as long as the second. The sixth } -_*. ES a | ee. a ae | Ee eee Se re a ee Pre a a ae Uae heehee cee phe Oe FRET TN FT ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 241 and seventh segments together are shorter than the second segment. The hinder corners of the two first segments are nearly rectangular; those of the third and fourth truncated; those of the last three rounded. ** The epimerals of the second and third segments are broader at the posterior end, bent downward at the anterior. That of the second segment occupies the whole side of the segment; those of the third and fourth segments scarcely more than two-thirds of it; those of the fifth and sixth segments fully three-fourths of it, and the last one the ‘vhole of the segment... The epimerals of the fourth, fifth, and sixth segments are broader at the anterior margin, narrower behind. The last one is oblong, with rounded ends. =? **'The first pair of pereiopoda have the tibia broadly extended, the dactylus short. The two following pairs are subequal, with the femora much longer than broad. The following four pairs have much broader femora and strongly developed carine. In the seventh pair the femur is as broad as long, the hinder margin is straight. **The pleon is as broad at the base as long, the first segment longer than the second, but narrower than half of the fifth (2:5). The three last pleonal segments are broader than the urus (10:9) and a little narrower than the fifth (or fourth) segment of the pereion (10:11). The whole pleon equals the fifth pereional segment in length. ‘The urus is broad, nearly semicircular, not quite twice as broad as long (9:5); the upper side is perfectly plain and smooth. ‘** The pleon and urus together are about a third of the length of the pereion with the head (18:51). ** The uropoda reach a little beyond the posterior margin of the urus. The peduncles are long and stout, nearly as long as the inner ramus (14:17). The inner ramus reaches a little beyond the outer. It is oblong-lanceolate. The exterior one is falciform. **Color, bright yellow. ** Length, 18 mm.”—Bovatitivus.@ MEINERTIA GILBERTI Richardson. Meinertia gilberti RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VIT, 1904, p. 53. Locality.— Mazatlan. Parasite of Mugil hospes. Head set in first segment of thorax, the antero-lateral prolongations of which extend forward to about the middle of the eye. Shape of the head somewhat triangular; posterior margin straight; anterior margin produced somewhat at the middle, but quite rounded. Eyes very large, far apart, and situated at the sides of the head. First pair of antenne consist of seven joints and extend to the middle of the eye; 4Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., X, No. 11, 1885, pp. 21-22. 28589—05——16 242 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. second pair consist of eight joints and reach the posterior margin of the head. The first four: segments of the thorax are about equal in length, the second being somewhat shorter. The Jast three segments decrease gradually in length. The epimera are narrow pieces at the sides of the sezments; in the first five segments they do not reach the pos- terior margin of the seg- ments, although the fifth pair more nearly reach the posterior margin than the others; the epimera of the last two segments reach FIG. 247.—MEINERTIA GILBERTI. ad, SECOND MAXILLA. quite to the posterior t. 0, FIRST MAXILLAS: x 272.- “cy MAX IEDIPED: margin. b The first segment of the abdomen is as wide as the last thoracic segment. The others are wider, increasing in width gradually to the terminal segment. The last seg- ment is about three times as broad as long, and quadrangular in shape. The uropoda are short, reaching only a little beyond half the length of the abdomen; both branches are alike and of equal length. The legs all terminate in long recurved unguli. There is no high carina developed on the basis of fos any of the legs. Color reddish brown. Three specimens, two males and one female, were collected by Prof. C. H. Gilbert at Mazatlan. They were found in the mouth of Jugi/ hospes. Type.—Cat. No. 29080, U.S.N.M. This species differs chiefly from M. gaudichaudii (Milne Edwards) “ Fig. 248.—Menerria from near locality, in the absence 5. 5 ae eee GRBERT (kG 08 of «high ccarime saw hich ty 20a emeenie SEVENTH PAIR. lis , gaudichaudii are strongly devel- oped on the last four pairs of legs; in the much shorter uropoda, which in J. gaudichaud/i extend beyond the terminal segment, both branches of which are narrowly pointed at their extremities; in the much larger eyes, and in the smaller size of the species, the adult female being only half the size of the adult female of J/. gaudichaudi. « Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, XIV, 1883-84, pp. 335-340, pl. xin, figs. 11-15. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 243 MEINERTIA TRANSVERSA Richardson. Meinertia transversa RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIIT, 1901, pp. 529-530. Locality.—Between the delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida. Head very little immersed in first thoracic segment, large, subtrian- eular, anterior margin pointed with sides slightly sinuate. Eyes situated at extreme post-lateral margins, almost obscure. First pair of antenn, with joints dilated, issuing close together, eight articulate. Second pair of antenne slender, extending a little beyond posterior margin of first thoracic segment; fourteen jointed. Thoracic segments subequal in length. Abdomen not at all immersed. All the seg- ments visible and equal in width and length. Terminal segment sub- triangular with apex round, impressed at the base, equal in length to the first five segments taken to- gether. Uropoda a little longer than apex of terminal seg- ment, branches simi- lar in shape, oar-like, Fic. 250.—MEINERTIA TRANSVERSA. HEAD. e g @ Z and of equal length. Fic. 251—MEINERTIA TRANSVERSA. @, MAXILLIPED. x 204. Db, Leos inecreasine’ in SECOND MAXILLA. X 39. c, FIRST MAXILLA. x 39. d, SEVENTH eee ee Siete LEG. x 111. length from first to seventh pair. Color yellowish brown. One specimen from between the delta of the Miss- issippl and Cedar Keys, Florida, collected by the oa U.S. Bureau of Fisheries’ steamer A/batross. Type.—Cat. No. 9728, U.S.N.M. 39. Genus AGARNA Schicedte and Meinert. Body compressed from side to side and hunched, — py6. 252—.eperrra very asymmetrical. One side of the posterior seg- — TRANSVERSA. — AB- ments of the thorax flattened and dilated. aah Head deeply immersed. First pair of antenne separated but little at the base, almost contiguous, rather compressed. Anterior margin of the first thoracic segment very deeply sinuated; antero-lateral angles scarcely produced, rounded. Epimera present 244 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. on all the segments of the thorax with the exception of the first and the seventh. There are two pairs of epimera on the fourth thoracic segment and two pairs of legs are attached to this segment. The seventh segment has no appendages. Abdomen continuous with thorax, not narrower than thorax; deeply immersed. Carina on the four posterior pairs of legs moderately high. AGARNA CARINATA Schicedte and Meinert. Agarna carinata Scuiepre and MeErnert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 329-334, pl. x1, figs. 1-3.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 531. Localities.—St. Croix Island, West Indies; Key West, Florida. Found on Jeuthis chirurqus. Body very asymmetrical, with the last four thoracic segments on one side abruptly very much wider than the first three. Body twisted to- one side, which is shorter than the other side, twice as long as its width above the fourth thoracic seg- ment, «9 mm.c13 “mm, At the fourth and fifth thoracic segments it is 11 mm. wide. The body is also very much hunched, rising very high, until at the third and fourth segment itis 7mm. high. The head is wider than long, 2 mm.:3 mm., somewhat rectangular, with the anterior margin widely rounded. The FIG. 253.—AGARNA CARINATA (AFTER SCHIEDTE AND MEIN- eyes are small, round, ERT). a, LATERAL VIEW OF ADULT FEMALE (LEFT SIDE). b, ys | - it d YOUNG OF THE FIRST STAGE. ¢, LATERAL VIEW OF ADULT composite anc 31 uate FEMALE (RIGHT SIDE). d,ADULT MALE. e, ADULT FEMALE. f, jn the post-lateral angles LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT MALE. (ALL ENLARGED. ) 5 r mates of the head. The first pair of antennx are composed of seven articles. The basal articles are almost contiguous. The second pair of antenne are composed of ** ten” articles. The head is deeply set in the first thoracic segment, the antero-lateral angles of which extend to the anterior margin of the head. The maxilliped has a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first, second, and third thoracic segments are equal in length, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 945 each being 2mm. long. The fourth and fifth are subequal, each being 1mm. in length. The sixth and seventh are each only $ mm. long. The epimera are not distinctly separated on the first segment. The following five segments have distinct epimera. There are none on the seventh segment, and there are no appendages to this segment. There are two pairs of legs attached to the fourth segment, two legs on either side, and two pairs of epimera. The epimera of the second and third segments are narrow plates, extending the full length of the lateral margin on the shortened side of the body, the epimera of the third segment on the longer side not extending quite to the post-lateral angle. The fourth segment has two pairs of epimera, an anterior and a posterior pair; the two are equal in size on the short side, the ante- rior one on the long side of the body being small, the posterior one being transversely elongated, not laterally placed, but extending along the posterior margin of the lateral expansion of the segment. The epimera of the tifth and sixth segments, on the short side of the body, occupy the post-lateral angles; those of the long side are transversely d Fig. 254—AGARNA CARINATA. ad, MAXILLIPED. x 29. b, SECOND MAXILLA. xX 29. c, FIRST MAX- ILLA. xX 29. d, MANDIBLE. X 29. ¢€, PALP OF MANDIBLE. X 29. elongated, not laterally, but posteriorly placed on the lateral expan- sions of the segments. There are no epimera on the seventh segment. The abdomen is deeply set in the thorax, the seventh thoracic seg- ment covering the lateral parts of the first two or three segments. The first segment of the abdomen is as wide as the last thoracic seg- ment; the following segments gradually increase in width, especially on the shorter side of the body, so that the abdomen here becomes wider than the thorax. The terminal segment is large, triangular in shape, with apex rounded; it is 6 mm. long and 8 mm. wide at the base. The uropoda are very short, extending less than one-third the length of the abdomen. The outer branch is a little longer and wider than the inner branch. The legs are all prehensile, with short, stout, curved dactyli. The ischium of the last four pairs is flattened and very much longer than in the first three pairs. There is alsoa moderately high carina on the basis of the last four pairs of legs.¢ “For complete description of this form, the male and female and the young of the first stage, see Schicedte and. Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr., (3) XIV, 1883-84, pp. 329-334. 246 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 40. Genus INDUSA #& Sechicedte and Meinert. Body convex, anteriorly narrowed, or compressed from side to side. Head but little immersed. . First pair of antenne almost contiguous at the base, slender, not dilated. Anterior margin of the first thoracic segment widely sinuated, the antero-lateral angles but little produced, rounded. Abdomen but little immersed. INDUSA CARINATA ? Richardson. Indusa carinata RicHARDSON, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p. 52. Locality.—W est coast of Panama. Parasite of Mugil hospes. 3ody very convex, being highly and roundly elevated. Thorax large, rounded, almost as wide as long, the last two segments rapidly converging to the narrow abdomen. Abdomen nearly three times narrower than greatest width of thorax, with all the segments of Fig, 255.—INDUSA CARINATA. equal width, ee ee no Head about two and a half sca a times narrower than_ first thoraic segment and four times narrower than fourth segment; front triangular in shape and pro- duced into an acute point projecting between the — Fis. 256.—Inpusa carry- basal joints of the antenne. Eyes distinct and ae situated at the sides and about the middle of the head. First pair of antenne, which are almost contiguous, being separated only by the very acute median point, reach to the eyes; flagellum seven jointed. Second pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the head; flagellum nine jointed. First thoracic segment rounded anteriorly and posteriorly, the sides of the segment surrounding the head, the lateral angles extending to the eyes. The first four segments gradually increase in width. The fourth and fifth are about equally wide. The sixth and seventh rapidly decrease in width, converging to the narrow abdomen. The epimera are well developed on all the segments with the exception of the first; they are narrow and elongate, rounded posteriorly and not reaching the posterior margin of their respective segments. The abdomen is likewise very convex and is nearly three times narrower than the thorax at its greatest width. The segments are of “Schicedte and Meinert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIV, pp. 334-335. b This species is included because the fish on which it is parasitic is found on the coast of Mexico. ee ee ee ee ee Le ee Y a | A = ™ ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 247 equal width. The terminal segment is rounded posteriorly or slightly triangular. The uropoda are very short, less than half the length of the terminal segment; the branches are equal in length. Fig. 258. — INDUSA a b ce CARINATA. LEG Fig. 257.—INDUSA CARINATA. (, SECOND MAXILLA. OF SEVENTH PAIR. < 39. b, FIRST MAXILLA. X 39. c, MAXILLIPED. 7 < 203. ‘ There is a high carina on the four posterior pairs of legs, and a small one on the three anterior pairs. Color reddish brown. Two specimens, a male and a female, were collected by Prof. C. H. Gilbert from the west coast of Panama. They were found in the mouth of J/ugil hospes. Type.—Cat. No. 28961, U.S.N.M. 41. Genus CYMOTHOA Fabricius. Body ovate. Head more or less deeply immersed. First pair of antenne widely separated at the base, rather com- pressed. First thoracic segment manifestly longer than the second; its anterior margin more or less sinuated, with the anterior angles short or produced. Epimera distinct on all the segments with the excep- tion of the first; those of the first five pairs do not reach by a greater or less distance the posterior angle of the segment; the posterior ones reach the posterior angles of the segment or extend beyond by a small distance. ; The abdomen is deeply immersed, manifestly separated from the thorax, and abruptly narrower than the thorax. The legs are rather short, those of the first three pairs being a little shorter than the others. Carina of the four posterior pairs of legs high. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CYMOTHOA. a. Antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment extend half the length of the head or less. Eyes distinct or only traces of eyes apparent. First segment of thorax one anda half times longer than second segment. Uropodashort, shorter than the terminal abdominal segment. b. Antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment narrow. ce. Antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment acutely produced and reach- inexihem a dle oh Meade. -s-Gaase- see see escek sc onc. = Cymothoa excisa Perty 248 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. c’, Antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment obtusely rounded, not reach- ing the middle of the head----.---.- Cymothoa exigua Schicedte and Meinert 6’, Antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment wide. Cymothoa caraibica Bovallius a’, Antero-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment very large and wide, half as wide as the head, rounded and extending to the anterior margin of the head. No traces of eyes present. First thoracic segment twice as long as second seg- ment. Uropoda as long as the terminal abdominal segment. Outer branch slichtly shorter than inner branch..225-°45---2-- Cymothoa cestrum (Linnezeus ) CYMOTHOA EXCISA Perty. Cymothoa excisa Perry, Del. Amin., 1830-34, p. 211. Cymothoa parasita SAussuRE, Revue Mag. Zool. (2), IX, 1857, p. 306; Mém. Soe. Phys. Genéve, XIV, Pt. 2, 1858, p. 485, pl. v, fig. 44. Cymothoa excisa Scuiapre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 238-244, pl. vi, figs. 11-16. (See Schicedte and Meinert for above synonymy. )—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus,, X XIII, 1901, p. 530. Localities.— Massachusetts; Florida Reefs; Charleston Harbor, South Carolina; Bahamas; Biloxi, Mississippi; Cuba; Maranhao; Rio Fic. 259.—CyMOTHOA EXCISA (AFTER SCHIG@DTE AND MEINERT). a, UNGULA OF THE LEG OF THIRD PAIR OF YOUNG OF SECOND STAGE (ENGARGED). b, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT FEMALE (REDUCED). ¢, ADULT FEMALE (REDUCED). d, YOUNG OF SECOND STAGE (ENLARGED). ¢, ADULT MALE (ENLARGED). jf, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT MALE (ENLARGED). Janeiro; South Florida; Key West, Florida; Porlamar, Margarita Island, Venezuela. Parasite of chub (from lip); in the gills of a sparid (**Sparus” sp. Schicedte and Meinert). Body oblong-ovate, nearly twice as long as wide, 12 mm.:23 mm, Head a little wider than long, 3 mm.:4 mm., and deeply set in the first thoracic segment, the narrow, acute antero-lateral angles of which extend half the length of the head. The antero-lateral angles of the head are rounded and curve slightly upward, the anterior portion of es a as ee ee ee ee —" a Vr El ee a a Py aa A I FS ee ap ow a ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 949 the head between them and a little anterior to them curving down- ward, so that in a dorsal view the anterior margin seems slightly excavate. The eyes are very indistinct, and have almost disappeared; traces of them are seen on the lateral margins, halfway between the anterior and the posterior margins. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles and extend almost to the posterior margin of the head. The basal articles of the first pair of antenn are widely separated by a distance equal to 2mm. The second antenne are com- posed of nine articles, and extend three articles beyond the first pair of antenne. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax is about one and a half times longer than any of the three following segments, which are subequal. The fifth and sixth segments are each about half as long as any of the three preceding segments in the median dor- sal line. The seventh seg- ment is about half as long as the sixth. The epimera are distinctly separated on all the segments with the e exception of the first; they are narrow, elongate plates, b which in the second, third, and fourth segments extend a little more than two-thirds * the length of the segment, in the fifth extend almost to d the post-lateral angles of the : 7 seoment, and in the last two Fie. 260.—CymorHoa EXCISA. a, SECOND MAXILLA. x 39. Stead dite to,the extrem: 3 EAM mete 5% Pi orasomi ity of the post-lateralangles. 186. x 7. The abdomen is deeply set in the thorax, the post-lateral angles of the seventh thoracic segment reaching to the anterior portion of the sixth abdominal segment. All the seements of the abdomen are dis- tinct. The first is abruptly very narrow; the others gradually increase in width to the last. The terminal segment is twice as wide as long, 4; mm.:9 mm. The post-lateral angles are widely rounded and the posterior margin slightly excavate in the middle. The uropoda are short, extending a little beyond the median transverse line of the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch isa little longer than the inner branch. Both are similar in shape, and terminate in nar- row, rounded extremities. 250 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. All the legs are prehensile, terminating in long, narrow curved dactyli. There is a high carina on the exterior margin of the basis of the last four pairs of legs; the height of the carina increases from the fourth to the seventh, where it is extremely high.“ CYMOTHOA EXIGUA? Schicedte and Meinert. Cymothoa exigua ScHiapTE and Mernert, Naturh. Tidsskrift (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 232-234, pl. vi, figs. 7-8. Localities.—Panama; also Charles Island, between the Galapagos Islands. Found in the mouth of Citharichthys sordida. Body ovate, rather compressed, more than twice as long as wide (9:4). Head moderately large, subtriangular, widely rounded in front, two or three times narrower than the fourth thoracic segment (almost 2:5), manifestly wider than long (almost 7: 6),a little immersed, frontal mar- gin incurved, widely rounded. Eyes distinct, moderately large, subtriangular or subrectangular. First pair of antenne smooth, rather stout, extending with the last article to the anterior angle of the first segment of the thorax, or to the eighth article of the second pair of antenne; they are composed of eight articles. The second pair of antenne are smooth, or rather compressed, much more slender than the first pair of antenne, and extend with the two last articles to the anterior angle of the first thoracic segment; they are composed of nine articles. The anterior margin of the first thoracic segment is straight, with the anterior angles short and obtusely rounded; the sides of the segment are straight. The posterior angles of the anterior thoracic segments are rounded, those of the posterior ones truncately rounded. The epimera are incurved and rather long; those of the first and sec- ond pairs are rather narrow, posteriorly a little dilated, obliquely and rounded truncate; those of the third and fourth segments are rather narrow, posteriorly a little narrower, obliquely and widely rounded; those of the fifth and sixth pairs are rather wider, posteriorly very much narrower (but little narrower in the young female), and obliquely and widely rounded. The epimera of the first, second, and third pairs do not reach bya great and gradually increasing distance the posterior angle of the segment; those of the fourth pair do not reach by a small «For the description of the male, female, and the young of the first and second stages, see Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 288-244. » This species is included because the fish on which it is parasitic is found as far north as the coast of California. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. I5 distance the posterior angle of the segment; those of the fifth pair almost reach the posterior angle of the segment; those of the sixth pair extend a small distance beyond the posterior angle of the segment. The legs of the first three pairs are shorter than the others; those of the last four pairs gradually but slightly increase in length. The ungule are long, rather stout, less curved and subequal in length. The carina of the four posterior pairs is high, gradually and greatly increasing in height, the exterior angle being rounded, the posterior margin more or less widely rounded. The abdomen is deeply immersed (less deeply immersed in the young female), the inferior angles of the first segment being covered, the sides of the second, third, fourth, and fifth segments together being a little sinuated, manifestly divergent; the abdomen is obscurely bisul- cate, much wider than long (almost 5:4), two or three times shorter than the thorax with the head (almost 2:5). The first segment is cov- ered for the greatest part; the second, third, and fourth segments are subequal in length or gradually increasing a little, manifestly shorter than the fifth segment. The posterior margin of the first five segments is widely sinuated, and produced at the sides in an obtuse lobe. The superior angles of the second, third, fourth, and fifth segments arealmost vanishing. Theinferior angles of the second, third, and fourth segments are produced, rather acute, and decrease gradually in length; those of the fifth segment are pro- duced and obtusely rounded. ey The terminal segment is transverse, with the } sides rounded, the posterior margin widely sin- *™) 2h CNet. uated, depressed at the base in the middle, — axpMerverr). a, Avuxr obscurely pitted, much wider than the fifth abdom- ee ek inal segment, more than twice as wide as long .arcep.) (7:3), anda little longer than the other abdominal segments together. The uropodaare equal in length to the terminal segment of the abdomen; the inner branch is much shorter and a lit- tle narrower than the outer branch, becoming a little narrower and narrowly rounded; the outer branch is sickle shaped and posteriorly narrowly rounded. Length of adult female 20 mm. Length of young female 15.5 mm. Color yellow, sprinkled with minute obscure spots, the spots on the head confluent in a transverse row, those of the thorax confluent in a median area, with oblong waxen spots remaining.“ ng 3 se So. = ; » 1) xn “The above description is adapted from the following one of Schicedte and Meinert’s: Producte oboyvata, compressiuscula, plus duplo longior quam latior (9:4). Caput mediocre, subtrigonum, ante late rotundatum, quam annulus quartus trunci bis vel 252 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. CYMOTHOA CARAIBICA Bovailius. Cymothoa caraibica Bov auuius, Bihang till k. Sy. Vet.-Akad. Handl., X, No. 11, 1885, pp. 27-29, pl. v, figs. 58-61. Locality.—South coast of Hayti, West Indies. ‘*The head is large and long, only a little shorter than broad, the front margin forms no border on the under-side, but is only bent ter angustius (fere 2:5), manifesto latius quam longius (fere 7:6), paulum immersum, fronte ante incurva, late rotundata. 4 Oculi manifesti, mediocres, subtrigoni, vel subrectanguli. Antenne primi paris subteretes, crassiusculze, angulum priorem annuli primi trunci articulo ultimo superantes, articulum octavum antennarum secundi paris explentes; 8-articulatie. Antenne secundi paris subteretes vel compressiusculee, quam antennze primi paris multo tenuiores, angulum priorem annuli primi trunci articulis binis ultimis super- antes; 9-articulatze. Margo anticus annuli primi trunci subrectus, angulis prioribus brevibus, rotun- date obtusis; latera annuli subrecta. Anguli postici annulorum priorum trunci rotundati, posteriorum rotundate truncati- Epimera incurva vel subincurva, longiuscula; paris primi et secundi angustius- cula, post paulum dilatata, in obliquum rotundate truncata; paris tertii et quarti angustiuscula, post paulum angustata, in obliquum late rotundata; paris quinti et sexti latiuscula, post valde vel vix (virgini) angustata, in obliquum late rotundata. Epimera paris primi, secundi, tertii angulum annuli spatio magno, per paria sensim crescente, non attingentia; paris quarti angulum annulispatio parvo non attingentia; paris quinti angulum annuli fere explentia; paris sexti angulum annuli spatio parvo superantia. Pedes parium trium priorum ceteris breviores; parium quattuor posteriorum per paria sensim longitudine vix crescentes. Ungulze longee, crassiusculee, minus curvatee, longitudine subzequales. Carina pedum parium quattuor posteriorum alta, per paria sensim valde crescens, angulo exteriore rotundato, margine postico plus vel minus late rotundato. Cauda profunde vel minus profunde (virgini) immersa, angulis inferioribus annuli primi obtectis, lateribus annuli secundi, tertii, quarti, quinti, con- junctim paulum sinuatis, manifesto divergentibus: obscure bisulcata, multo latior quam longior (fere 5:4), quam truncus cum capite bis vel ter brevior (fere 2:5). Annulus primus maximam partem obtectus; annulus secundus, tertius, quartus longi- tudine subzequales vel sensim paulum crescentes, quam annulus quintus manifesto breviores. Margo posticus annulorum quinque priorum late sinuatus, ad latera in lobum obtusum productus. Anguli superiores annuli secundi, tertii, quarti, quinque fere evanidi. Anguli inferiores annuli secundi, tertii, quarti producti, acutiusculi, per paria sensim longitudine deecrescentes; annuli quinti prominuli, rotundate obtusi. Annulus analis transversus, lateribus rotundatis, margine postico late sinuato, ad basin in medio impressus, obscure foveolatus, quam annulus quintus caudalis multo latior, plus duplo latior quam longior (7:3), annulis ceteris caudalibus conjunctis paulo longior. Pedes anales annulum analem longitudine subsequantes; ramus inte- rior quam exterior multo brevior et paulo angustior, paulum angustatus, breviter rotundatus; ramus exterior subfaleatus, post breviter rotundatus. Long. feminze ovigeree 20 mm. Long. virginis 15.5 mm. Color cereus, maculis minutis, obscuris sparsus, maculis in strigam transversam capitis et in plagam mediam, maculis oblongis cereis relictis, trunci confluentibus.—Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 232-233. [: aa vrae av: aN 4 Bit way ® aT 6 l f ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 253 downward in the middle; the anterior margin is rounded, the upper side slightly convex. ‘*The eyes are of median size, placed a little behind the middle of the head near the lateral margins. ‘The first pair of antenne are thick and robust, eight-jointed, with- out distinction between the peduncle and the flagellum, the last joints without hairs o1 spines. The second pair of antennz are considera- bly more slender, a little shorter, eight-jointed. The processes of the first segment of the pereion are shorter and narrower than in Cymothoa elegans, rounded at the ends. The anterior margin of the first seg- ment is slightly emarginate; it is longer than the fourth seg- ment (5:4), and only a little narrower than the fifth (5:6). b From the fifth to the seventh, the segments decrease in length, e but scarcely in breadth. The seventh segment is longer than half the sixth. The three first segments together are as long as the four last ones together. ™ e **The epimerals of the sec- ond and third segments are fixed along the whole length of the segments, the following ones only along half or two- thirds of the length of the cor- responding segments; all the epimerals are equal in length to their corresponding seg- F1G.262.—CYMOTHOA CARAIBICA (AFTER BOVALLIUS). ments. a, DORSAL‘VIEW OF MALE. X 3. 0,SEVENTH LEG OF 6s The tirst three pairs of pere- EICee SIDES ce ¢; FOURTH ce OF RIGHT SIDE. x 12. d, SECOND PLEOPOD. x 12. iopoda have long, strong dacty li, as long as the dactyli of the following pairs. The last four pairs have strongly developed carine on the femora. The femur of the seventh pair is longer than broad (24:17). ““The pleon is broad, much broader at the base than long (5:3). The first segment is almost totally hidden, the pleon being a little more immersed than in Cymothoa elegans. ‘The last is broadest and longest, the three preceding being equal in length. The second pair of pleopoda carry very long styliform processes. ‘The urus is as long as the pleon, and only a little broader than the last pleonal segment (12:11); it is smooth on its upper side, broadly rounded at its lateral and hinder margins, exactly twice as broad as 254 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM long. The pleon and urus together are equal | in length to half of the pereion without the head. **The uropoda do not reach to the hinder margin of the urus. The peduncle is shorter than the inner ramus. The inner ramus is longer than the outer. **Color. Yellowish-white, with smaller and larger brown-red spots on the anterior part of each segment; the posterior part is almost white. **Leneth. The female virgo, 17 mm. ‘**The males, 12, 15, 16 mm.”—Bovatiivs.¢ CYMOTHOA CESTRUM (Linnezus). Oniscus estrum LINN£vs, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., I, 1758, p. 636, No. 2; Fauna sue- cica., 2d ed., 1761, p. 499, No. 2053; Syst. Nat., 12th ed., I, 1767, Pt. 2, p. 1059, No. 2. Asellus estrum Ouivier, Encycl. Méthod., IV, 1789, p. 253. Cymothoa cestrum Faxsricitus, Entom. Syst., I, 1798, p. 505, No. 6.—Leracn, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XI, 1815, p. 372; Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, 1818, p. 352. Cymothoa dufresnei Leacu, Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, 1818, p. 352. Cymothoa immersa Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. I, 1818, pp. 399-400. « Cymothoa estrum Dresmarest, Consid. Gén. Crust., 1825, p. 309, pl. xivm, figs. 6-7.—Mtkers, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1877, pp. 671-672. Spee and MrrNert, Naturh. Tidsskr. (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 271-279, pl. vit, figs. 5-13.— RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 530. Localities. —Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico to shores of Virginia; Swan Island; St. Bartholomew; St. Christopher; Jamaica; Guade- loupe; St. Georges, Bermudas; St. Anna, Mexico; Key West, Florida; Curacao, Venezuela; Peru; Barbados (from stomach of a *‘ redfish”). Parasite of Carana latus, **jackfish” (from branchial cavity); red- fish (stomach); in the tongue of Scombroid fishes; from the mouth of Priacanthus arenatus and “Prac hurops cr inca us, on Strombus giganteus. Body oblong-ovate, twice as long as wide, 15 mm. : 30 mm. Head, wider than long, 4 mm. : 6 mm., with the antero-lateral angles rounded and the anterior margin appearing straight from a dorsal view, but actually being somewhat triangularly produced and bent downward over the antenne. The head is deeply set in the first tho- racic segment, the broad and widely rounded antero-lateral angles of which extend to the anterior margin of the head. The eyes are absent, and no traces of them are seen. The first pair of antenne are com- posed of eight articles and extend a little beyond the middle of the head. The second pair of antenne are composed of nine articles and extend two articles beyond the first Ea of antenne. The basal arti- a pits ane tl K. Sy. Vet. oid Hendls xX, No. 11, 1885, pp. 28-29. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 255 cles of the first pair of antenne are widely separated, being nearly 2mm. apart. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax is about twice as long as any of the three following segments, which are subequal. The antero-lateral expansions of the first segment are half as wide as the head, 3 mm. in width, and they are widely rounded at the anterior extremity. The fifth and sixth segments are half as wide in the median longitudinal line as any of the three preceding segments. The seventh segment is a little shorter than the sixth. The epimera are distinctly separated Fig. 263.—CYMOTHOA CESTRUM (AFTER SCHIGEDTE AND MEINERT), @, YOUNG OF THE SECOND STAGE (ENLARGED). 6b, YOUNG OF THE FIRST STAGE (ENLARGED). Cc, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT FEMALE (REDUCED). d, ADULT MALE (ENLARGED). @¢, ADULT FEMALE (REDUCED). f, ADULT FEMALE (REDUCED). on all the segments with the exception of the first. They are narrow plates, extending or nearly extending the full length of the segments. Those of the second segment are a little broader anteriorly than are the others. The abdomen is deeply set in the thorax. All the segments are dis- tinct, the lateral parts of the first two being covered by the seventh thoracic segment, so that these segments appear abruptly narrower than the thorax. The following segments gradually increase in width. The sixth or terminal segment is twice as broad as long, 6 mm.: 12 2? 256 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. mm. The post-lateral angles are rounded, and the posterior margin is slightly excavate in the middle. The uropoda are as long as the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch is slightly shorter than the inner branch. Both are equal in width, and narrow, with extremities rounded. The legs are all prehensile, with short, stout, curved dac- tyli. There is a high carina on the basis of the last four a \ pairs, the carina increasing gradually from the fourth to the seventh pair, where it is extremely high.4 42. Genus LIVONECA ay f Leach. Body suboval, more or less twisted. Head most always deeply immersed. ~ First pair of an- Fic. 264,—CYMOTHOA @STRUM. a,MAXILLIPED. x 153, tennee widely separated at the CEN E LEG.’ X 43. ¢, FIRST MAXILLA. X 153. base, eather compressed. d, SECOND MAXILLA. x 153. e, MANDIBLE. x 15}. : i = f, PALP OF MANDIBLE. x 15}, Anterior margin of the first thoracic segment widely sin- uated in the middle, more or less sinuated or incised at the antero- lateral angles. Abdomen very little immersed, continuous with thorax, not nar- rower than thorax. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LIVONECA. a. Abdomen somewhat immersed in thorax, the sides of the first segment being almost entirely covered by the seventh thoracic segment. hb. Head quadrate, but little broader at the base than at the anterior end. Livoneca panamensis Schicedte and Meinert b’. Head triangular, nearly twice as broad at the base as at the anterior extremity. c. Head roundly truncate in form. Terminal segment of abdomen nearly twice asebroadsaswone > sass See a an eee eee Livoneca vulgaris Stimpson c’, Head narrowly rounded in front. Terminal segment of abdomen about as long as" broad ats sees see Livoneca californica Schicedte and Meinert a. Abdomen not immersed in thorax, the sides of the first segment free. “For complete description of this form, the male and female and the young of the first and second stages, see Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 271-278 ~~ “sv ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 257 b. Uropoda much longer than caudal segment; inner branch narrow, obtuse, much shorter than outer branch. Epimera of last two thoracic segments not longer NUTR CUNN CIN GS eee rears sires meow ore ts Sete ciate eicpetoieisiciem atnieye Livoneca redmanni Leach b’. Uropoda hardly surpassing the caudal segment; both branches equal in length. p J 5 > | iS Epimera of last two segments of thorax surpassing the segments. Livoneca ovalis (Say ) LIVONECA PANAMENSIS Schicedte and Meinert. Livoneca panamensis ScuimpTE and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (5), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 349-353, p. xu, figs. 11-12.—Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XJ, 1899, p. 880; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 172. Localities. —Mazatlan; west shores of Central America; Panama. Body ovate, less than twice as long as wide, 16 mm.: 27 mm. Head quadrangular, wider than long, 3 mm.: 4 mm., with the anterior margin truncate and about 2mm. wide. The eyes are small and distinct and situated at the sides of the head near the posterior margin. The first pair of antenne are separated in front by a distance of 1 mm. They are com- posed of eight articles, and extend to the posterior margin of the head. The second pair of antennz are composed of ten articles and extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax has the antero- lateral angles produced to surround the head, where they extend to the middle of the lateral mar- gin. The first segment is 4mm. in length. The second and third are subequal and each is 3 mm. long. The fourth and fifth are subequal and each is 25 mm. in length. The sixth is 2 mm. long. The seventh is 1; mm. The epimera of all the segments, with the exception of the first, are dis- tinctly separated from the segments. The epimera extend the full length of the lateral margins, with the exception of those of the fifth and sixth seg- ments, which do not quite reach the posterior margins of the seoments. The abdomen is slightly immersed or set in the thorax. The first segment is entirely covered by the seventh thoracic segment except in the dorsal portion. All the segments are distinct. The sixth or terminal segment is large, nearly twice as wide Fic. 265.—LIVONECA PAN- AMENSIS (AFTER SCHI- (DTE AND MEINERT). a, ADULTMALE. 6, LAT- ERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT FEMALE. @¢, LATERAL VIEW OF THO- RAX OF ADULT MALE. d, ADULT FEMALE. (ALL ENLARGED.) as long, 6 mm.:10 mm., and has the posterior margin irregularly rounded. The uropoda have both branches similar in shape and size and of equal length. 28589—05——17 They are long and narrow with posterior 258 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. margins rounded and do not extend quite to the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment. Fic. 266.—LIVONECA PANAMENSIS. (@, MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. X 113. 6, SECOND MAXILLA. X 203. c, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 203. d, SEVENTH LEG. xX 7. The legs are all prehensile. Those of the last four pairs have a high carina on the basis, the carina increasing gradually in height from the fourth to the seventh pair. LIVONECA VULGARIS Stimpson. Tivoneca vulgaris SvTIMPson, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., VI, 1857, p. 508, pl. xxu1, fig. 9.—Scuoim@ptTE and MeEtr- NER?T, Naturhistorisk Tids- skrift (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 344-349, pl. xrv, figs. 1-2.—RICHARDSON, Proc. J.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 880; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist: (7), LV, 1899, p: 172: Anilocra occidentalis @ RicHARD- son, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., . XXI, 1899, pp. 8380-831; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 172-174; Amer, Nat:, > XGXOXTV; 1900, p. 220. Livoneca vulgaris RicHARDSON, American Naturalist, ROCKY, 41900 pee e2 Ze Harriman Alaska Expedi- tion, Crust., X, 1904, p. Fic. 267.—LIVONECA VULGARIS (AFTER SCHIG@DTE AND MEINERT). @, YOUNG OF THE FIRST STAGE. b, ADULT e Dy > T ‘ T ¢ MALE. ¢c, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF ADULT FE- 14° Proc, Ue Se, Nat MALE. d, ADULT FEMALE, €, LATERAL VIEW OF THO- Museum, XXVII, 1904, RAX OF ADULT MALE. (ALL ENLARGED.) 2 p. 659. Localities.—Shores of California, near San Francisco, to Santa Marearita Island, Lower California; San Francisco Bay. Parasites of the rock cod; of flounder; from Chinese shrimp nets; on Ilyperprosopon argenteus; in gills of Steindachneria, Ophiodon elongatus. “This form is probably the young male of Livoneca vulgaris. ee ie ee 1 re ee | Miter ery en t 4 aay ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 259 Body ovate, not twice as wide as long, 17 mm. :28 mm., widest at the fourth thoracic segment. The head is triangular, and at the base is wider than long, 3 mm. :5 mm.; it is partly set in the first thoracic seg- ment, the antero-lateral angles of which extend to about the middle of the head. The eyes are small, oval, composite, situated in the post- lateral angles of the head, and separated ante- riorly by a distance nearly equal to the length of one eye. The posterior margin of the head is rounded; the anterior margin is widely rounded. The anterior end is 2 mm. wide. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles and extend to the end of the sixth article of the second pair of antenne. The basal arti- cles are not adjacent, being separated by a dis- tance equal tol mm. The second pair of an- Fie. 268—Livoneca vuica- tenne are composed of ten articles, and extend =“ (APTPE StIMEsox). to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxillipeds have a Fig. 269.—LIVONECA VULGARIS. a, MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. X 27}. b, SEVENTH LEG. X 92. ¢, A SECOND MAXILLA. X 273}. d, FIRST MAXILLA. xX 27}. e€, PALP OF MANDIBLE. X 27}. palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first and fourth segments of the thorax are the longest, each being 3 mm. in length. The second and sixth are each 2 mm. long. 260 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The third and fifth are subequal, each being 23 mm. in length. The seventh is the shortest, being 13 mm. long. The epimera are distinctly separated on the last six segments. They are narrow plates, extending the full length of the lateral margins of the segments. The abdomen is not narrower than the last thoracic segment. The first segment is covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The terminal seg- ment is nearly twice as wide as long, 5 mm. :9 mm. and is widely rounded posteriorly. The uropoda are as long as the terminal segment. Both branches are of equal width and length, and are alike in shape, ter- minating in rounded extremities. Se ee ete The legs are all prehensile, and are furnished with yutcaris. Younc long, narrow dactyli. The basis of the last four pairs ee is produced in a not very high carina.@ LIVONECA CALIFORNICA Schicedte and Meinert. Livoneca californica Scuia@pre and Mernert, Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 372-374, pl. xv1, figs. 1-2.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 829; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 172; Amer. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 221. Localities.—Shores of California, near San Francisco; Fort Point, San Francisco, California; off Point Nuevo, California; San Pedro, California; South Belmont Oyster Beds, San Francisco Bay, Califor- nia; Santa Cruz, California. Parasite of ‘*‘ shiner.” Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 7 mm.: 16 mm., and twisted somewhat to one side, the right side being shortened. The head is as wide at the base as it is long, 2 mm.:2 mm., and is somewhat triangular, becoming gradually more narrow to an apex which is $ mm. wide and narrowly rounded. The eyes are large, oval, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles of the head; they are separated anteriorly by a distance equal to the length of one eye. The posterior margin of the head is rounded. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles. The basal articles are not contiguous, but the distance between them is very small, owing to the narrowness of the anterior part of the head. The second pair of antenne are composed of eight articles. They extend to the end of the seventh article of the first pair of antenne and are very slender and feeble. The maxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. « For description of this form, the male, female, and the young of the first stage, see Schicedte and Meinert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 344-349, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 961 The first segment of the thorax is longest, being 2 mm. in length. The second and third are subequal, each being 14 mm. long. The fourth, fifth, and sixth are subequal, each being 1 mm. long. The seventh is > shortest, being only $ mm. in length. The head is partly immersed or set in the first thoracic segment, the antero-lateral angles of which extend to about the mid- dle of the head. The epimera are dis- tinctly separated on the last six segments. rly . . They are narrow plates, which in the sec- Fic. 271.—LIVONECA CALIFORNICA (AFTER SCHIGDTE AND MEINERT). 4, ADULT FEMALE. b, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX. (BOTH ENLARGED.) ond and third segments do not quite reach the post- lateral angles of the seg- rie. ments. In the last four the epimera extend the full Fie. 273.—LIVONECA CALI- FORNICA, SEVENTH LEG. All the legs are prehensile, bein X 114. a b c d 272.—LIVONECA CALIFORNICA. ad, MAXILLIPED. x 33. b, SECOND MAXILLA. xX 33. ¢, FIRST MAXILLA. x 33. 4d, PALP OF MANDIBLE. x 33. length of the lateral margins of the segments. The abdomen is not narrower than the last thoracic segment. The first segment is partly covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The terminal segment is rounded posteriorly; it is 4 mm. wide and 34 mm. long. The uropoda are not longer, but as long as the terminal abdominal segment. The branches are equal in length and width, are alike in shape, terminating in rounded extremities. @ furnished with long, narrow, curved dactyli. There is no carina on the basis of any of the legs. Livoneca Livoneca Livoneca Livoneca LTivoneca Livoneca Livoneca Livoneca Tiivoneca LIVONECA REDMANNI Leach. redmanni Leacu, Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, 1818, p. 352. desmarestii Lracn, Dict. Sci. Nat., XII, 1818, p. 352. redmanni DesMArest, Consid. Gén. Crust., 1825, p. 308. desmarestii’ Desmarest, Consid. Gén. Crust., 1825, p. 308. redmanni MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 261. desmarestiti MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., ITI, 1840, p. 261. redmanni MILNE Epwarps, Cuvier’s Régne Anim., pl. uxvi, figs. 44a. desmarestii M1LNE Epwarps, Cuvier’s Régne Anim., pl. Lxvi, figs. 33a. redmanni Scntcapre and Merinert, Naturh. Tidsskr. (3), XIV, 1883-84, pp. 355-358, pl. xry, figs. 6-12.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 221; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 531. 262 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Localities. Cuba; St. Christopher; Jamaica; Bahia and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Parasite of king‘fish (on gills). Body ovate, nearly twice as long as wide, 13 mm.: 25 mm. Head a little wider than long, 3 mm.: 4 mm.; twice as wide at the posterior end as at the anterior end, with the posterior margin widely rounded, the anterior margin somewhat rounded and deflected down- ward over the antenne. The eyes are indistinct and perhaps func- tionless; they are situated in the post-lateral lobes of the head. The first pair of antenne are composed of eight articles. The basal arti- cles of each antenna are not adjacent, but are separated by a distance Fic. 274.—LIVONECA REDMANNI (AFTER SCHIGDTE AND MEINERT). ad, ADULT FEMALE. 6, LATERAL VIEW OF THORAX OF SAME. ¢, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR OF YOUNG FEMALE. d, ANTENNA OF SECOND PAIR OF SAME. €, YOUNG FEMALE. jf, ANTENNA OF FIRST PAIR OF SAME. g, THIRD LEG OF SAME. (ALL ENLARGED. ) of 1 mm. The second antenne are composed of ten articles and extend almost to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The max- illipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The head is but little immersed or set in the first thoracic segment. The antero-lateral angles of the first segment extend’ one-third the length of the head. The first and fifth segments are a little longer than any of the others, each being 2; mm. long. The second, third, fourth, and sixth segments are subequal, and each is 2 mm. in length. The seventh segment is shortest, being only 1} mm. long. The epim- era are narrow plates, distinctly separated on the last six segments and extending the full length of the segment. > ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 268 The abdomen at its base is not abruptly narrower than the thorax. It tapers to a narrower extremity. The first segment is as wide as the seventh thoracic segment and is partly covered by it. The sixth or terminal segment is rounded posteriorly; it is 6 mm. long and 8 mm. wide at the base. The urop- oda are much longer than the terminal abdominal segment and extend some distance (2 mm.) be- yond its extremity. The outer branch is longer and narrower than the inner branch and has the posterior extremity rounded. The inner branch is broad at its pos- terior end, which is obliquely trun- vate, with the outer post-lateral angle produced in a rounded lobe, Fig. 275.—LIVONECA REDMANNI. a, MAXIL- IC the inner angle being obtuse. LIPED OF FEMALE. X 39. b, SECOND MAXILLA. The legs are all prehensile, DANA). @, SECOND ANTENNA. b, GENERAL FIGURE, lhe first antenne have the basal c, ABDOMEN (UNDERSIDE). (ALL ENLARGED.) article large; the second article is half as lone as the first; the third is one and a half times longer than the second. The flagellum is composed of thirteen articles. The first antennee extend to the posterior margin of the head. The second antennve have the basal article very short and almost inconspicu- ous; the second article is about three times as long as the first; the third as $5 > a b e * d FIG. 316.—EXOSPHEROMA OREGONENSIS. a, MAXILLIPED. 512. b, MANDIBLE, PALP REMOVED. x 513. ¢, MANDIBLE WITH PALP. x 613. d, FRONTAL LAMINA AND CLYPEUS. xX 512. is about as long as the second; the fourth is nearly twice as long as the third; the fifth is as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of thirteen articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior mar- gin of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped has a palp of five articles. Mandibles with a three-jointed palp. 298 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of those following. The epimera are not distinct from the segments, but can be distinguished from the segment by a faint line on either side. They are laterally produced into a rather acute process on either side. The abdomen is composed of two segments. The first segment has three suture lines on either side indicating three partly coalesced seg- ments. The terminal segment is round posteriorly. The inner immoy- able branch of the uropoda is as long as the terminal segment, and is narrowly rounded at the extremity. The outer branch is two-thirds the length of the inner branch and is rounded posteriorly. The legs are all ambulatory. EXOSPHAZEROMA CRENULATUM Richardson.¢@ Spheroma crenulatum RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 292-293, pl. xxx1x, fig. 40. Locality.— Bermudas. Surface of body smooth. Color, light brown, with markings of black. Head rounded in front with small median point, on either side of which is a small excavation. Eyes situated post-laterally. First pair of antenne with the first joint of the peduncle long; second joint half as long as first; third joint equal in length to first; flagellum of five joints reaches the post-lateral margin of the head. Second pair of antenne extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. Thoracic segments subequal. Lateral margins straight. Epimera not dis- Fig. 317.—ExosrHE- tinctly separated from segments. ROMA CRENULATUM. é ' * First abdominal segment long, a little longer than any of the thoracic segments, with two suture lines. Terminal segment very convex, surface smooth, posterior margin widely rounded. Uropoda not extending beyond tip of terminal segment. Inner branch somewhat pointed at its extremity, margin smooth. Outer branch . : FiG. 318.—Exo- widely rounded and crenulate on the posterior edge. he aad Legs similar, allambulatory, with small curved dactyli, — crexutarom. A number of specimens were collected at the Bermudas . a ae in 1876-77, by Dr. George Brown Goode. Type in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3250. «This species is intermediate between Sphvroma and Exosphxroma. The second, third, and fourth articles of the palp of the maxillipeds are but little produced. Stebbing mentions another species, Sphieroma globicauda Dana, which is also inter- mediate between Sphieroma and Exosphieroma, The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laceadive Archipelagoes, I1, Pt. 8, 1905, p. 710. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 299 . 50. Genus DYNAMENE Leaeh. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which is formed by the fusion of several coalesced segments. The terminal segment is emarginate posteriorly, without a lobe within the emargination. The branches of the uropoda are similar, both being salient; they are alike in the two sexes. The inner immovable branch is fixed to the side of the abdomen. The outer branch is movable and capable of folding under the inner branch. The second, third, and fourth articles of the palp of the maxillipeds are produced into lobes. Legs all ambulatory. Sexes alike. Inasmuch as the male is known in four of the species of this genus and as the male and female are alike, I am not willing to unite Cilicea and Dynamene in a single genus Dynamene, the males of Cilicea being unlike the females as is the opinion of Prof. S. J. Holmes and Dr. H. F. Moore, the former considering Dynamene tuberculosa the female of Cilicea cordata and the latter supposing Dynamene bermudensis to be the female of Ci/icxa caudata. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS DYNAMENE. a. Posterior extremity of terminal segment of abdomen with a heart-shaped opening immediately above the terminal excavation... -.--- Dynamene perforata Moore a’. Posterior extremity of terminal segment of abdomen without heart-shaped open- ing above the terminal excavation. bs SuTiace orabdomen- smooth: =< 2525-2 soo 2-22-25 2 Dynamene glabra Richardson b’. Surface of abdomen with tubercles or longitudinal ridges. c. Surface of abdomen with tubercles. d. Basal part of terminal segment of abdomen with three tubercles. Dynamene angulata Richardson d’, Basal part of terminal segment of abdomen with four small tubercles. Dynamene moorei, new species c’. Surface of abdomen with longitudinal ridges. d. Surface of terminal segment of abdomen with three longitudinal ridges. Front of head produced in a quadrangular process. First two articles ot peduncle of the first antennze flattened and dilated. Dynamene dilatata Richardson d’. Surface of terminal segment or abdomen with four longitudinal ridges. Front of head not produced. First two articles of peduncle of second antenne not flattened and not greatly dilated. Dynamene benedicti Richardson DYNAMENE PERFORATA Moore. Dynamene perforata Moore (male), Bull. U. 8. Fish Commission, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, pp. 173-174, pl. x, figs. 9, 11-19.—RicHarpson (male), Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., XI, 1902; pp: 291-292; pl. xxxrx, fig. 39: Localities.—Culebra, Porto Rico; Bermudas. Found on mangrove 3 oD roots. 800 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Head broader than long; eyes situated post-laterally. First pair of antenne with the first two peduncular joints large, the second half as long as the first; the third joint long and slen- der, twice as long as second joint; flagellum consists of seven joints. The first two pedun- ee cular joints of the second pair of antenne are of equal length; the following three are of equal length and longer than the first two; the flagel- oy lum consists of about seven joints, and extends to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. F1G. 319.—DYNAMENE. PER- The thoracic segments are of equal length, FORATA. Last Two THO” = with the exception of the first, which is'shehtly RACIC SEGMENTS AND AB- eS o $ DOMEN. longer. The seventh segment is produced back- ward in two rounded lobes, one on either side of the median line, and close together. The first abdominal segment has two suture lines at either side, indicative of coalesced seements. The terminal segment is very con- ( 7 a * b a ee ee ee ee ee h g \ - s ‘ FIG. 320.—DYNAMENE PERFORATA (AFTER MOORE). ad, FIRST ANTENNA. 0, SECOND ANTENNA. (¢, ; MALE. d, TIP OF MAXILLA. e€, MANDIBLE. f, MAXILLIPEDS. g, FOURTH LEG. h, FIRST LEG. 7, © SEVENTH LEG. j, PART OF TERMINAL SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPOD. is vex at the base, and has four small tubercles, forming a square on the : : : » s convexity. Its apex has a heart-shaped opening, formed by the pro- : ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 301 longation of the lateral margins, which prolongations meet anteriorly and are divergent posteriorly, so that a triangular excavation is formed on the posterior end of the segment immediately below the heart-shaped opening. The two branches of the uropoda are similar in shape and size. They are large, very much expanded, rounded posteriorly, with mar- gins distinctly crenulate or denticulate, and extend some distance beyond the tip of the terminal abdominal segment. ~The color is brown, with markings of black. Surface smooth, with the exception of the abdomen, which is very granular. Several specimens differ from the specimen described in not having the seventh thoracic segment produced in lobes, and are without the four small tubercles at the base of the terminal segment. Several differ in having the uropoda not longer than the terminal segment. Bothsexes are known, the male and female being alike in every respect; in the male the inner branch of the second pleopods carries a stylet. Cotypes are in the Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. d204. DYNAMENE GLABRA Richardson. Dynamene glabra RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8, Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 834; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 178; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 224.—Hormgs, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (3), III, 1904, No. 11, p. 304. Localities.—Monterey Bay, California; Mendocino County, California; San Diego, California. Body oval; surface smooth. Head small; eyes situated post-laterally. First pair of antenne extend to the eye; first joint oblong; second joint short, half as long as first; flagellum consists of six arti- 4 . FIG. 321.—DYNAMENE cles. Second pair of antenne ex- Pee enon tend to the posterior margin of the 48D 14st Two THo- first thoracic segment; flagellum Sai Soe ee consists of about ten articles. The thoracic segments are subequal; the first is a little longer than any of the others. The penultimate abdominal segment consists of several coalesced segments, as indicated by the suture lines. The terminal segment is triangular, with a small median excavation at its extremity. The lower r1G.322.—_Dyamene Patt of this segment is quite flat, the slope being Giapra. Seconp gradual from the convex upper part or base of the Segment to the extremity. The surface is perfectly smooth. "The inner branch of the uropoda is large and rounded posteriorly; the outer branch is small, though similar in shape, and is much shorter than the inner branch. A number of specimens were collected by Mr. Heath at Monterey Bay, California, at the surface. 302 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Type.—Cat. No. 22571, U.S.N.M. Both sexes of this species are known, the two forms resembling each other in every respect, with the exception that in the male there is a stylet on the inner branch of the second pair of pleopods. Prof. S. J. Holmes writes that the sexes do not show any marked dimorphism. He also admits the following:” ‘‘An examination of several specimens of the species showed that the males present no appreciable external differences from oe females except that, as a. rule, they are of somewhat larger size.’ Specimens of both sexes are in the collection of the U. S. National Museum. The inner branch of the second pleopod of the male: is figured. DYNAMENE ANGULATA Richardson. Dynamene angulata Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, pp. 534-536. Locality.—No Name Key, Florida. Found among algz at low tide. Surface of body smooth; color yellow. Head large, with small median point on its anterior margin. First pair of antenne reach the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment; flagellum composed of nine joints. Second pair of antennz reach the posterior mar- gin of the fourth thoracic segment; flagellum composed of thirteen joints. The thoracic segments are subequal in length, the first being a little longer than any of the others. The epimera are broad and short, with acute lateral angulations. The first abdominal segment bears suture lines indicative of coalesced seg- 1G, $93.—_DVNAMENE anNGus ents: —Lherearedthiee small eae MAXILLIPED. x tubercles in a transverse row, pi = one median and one on either side. The terminal segment is subtriangular, with the extremity produced and deeply excavate, the excavation being like an inverted V. At the base of this segment are three large tubercles in a transverse "G2? DYNANENE row, the median one being long and very acute, — Mev. the lateral ones rounded. The branches of the uropoda are similar in shape, the outer one being somewhat longer; they are obliquely truncated with the outer posterior angles acutely produced and do not quite reach the tip of the abdomen. Specimens were found by Mr. Henry Hemphill at No Name Key, Florida. Type. Cat. No. 23906, J.S.N.M. a Pron Cal. NGS nae Sci. (3), III, No. 11, 1904, p. 304. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 303 DYNAMENE MOORE, new species. Dynamene perforata Moorr (female), Bull. U. S. Fish Commission, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, pp. 173-174, pl. x, fig. 10.—Ricwarpson (female), Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., XI, 1902, pp. 291-292. Localities.—Culebra, Porto Rico; Bermudas. Found on mangrove roots. This species is what Dr. Moore considered to be the female of Dynamene perforata. Uponexamining the specimens of Dynamene perforata (females) I found one to be a male.@ Body oblong-ovate, about twice as long as wide, 2 mm.: 4 mm. Head about twice as wide as long, with the frontal margin rounded and produced in a small median point. Geen Eyes large, composite, and situated in the post-lateral Se) angles of the head. First pair of antenne have the... 4. pywawene first and third articles of the peduncle about equal in moorrr (AFTER length; the second shorter than either. Theflagellum = “°°"") of eight articles extends to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The second pair of antennie, witha flagellum of twelve arti- cles, extends to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is about one and a half times longer than any of the following segments, which are subequal. The seventh segment is produced backward in two small, rather obscure points, close to- gether, one on either side of the median line. The abdomen is composed of two segments. The second or terminal segment bears four small, rather obscure tubercles on the an- teriorconyex portion. Thissegment is some- what triangular in shape, with the apex Fic. 826.—DYNAMENE MOOREI. ‘ n . . Skconp PLEoPop or mate. notched and the sides folded under, forming a San: kind of funnel-shaped extremity. The uropoda are large and broad, similar in shape and size, with the extremities rounded and the exterior margins crenulate. They extend but little beyond the extremity of the abdomen. Both sexes of this species are known, the males and females being | : similar. This species is named for Dr. H. F. Moore. «Since my manuscript was sent to press, Doctor Hansen has returned specimens of Dynamene perforata Moore, which he borrowed from the U. 8. National Museum. Two specimens, considered by Dr. H. F. Moore to be the females of that species, were sent him. Iam gratified to find that he has labeled one ‘‘immature male,”’ and the other ‘‘adult male.”’ a 304 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. DYNAMENE DILATATA Richardson. Dynamene dilatata Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 832-833; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 175-176; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 223. Locality.—_Monterey Bay, California. Body oval; surface very granular; color yellow. Head rugose, with its anterior margin pro- duced in a quadrangular process, having a small median projection, rounded antero-lateral angles anda thickened edge. First pair of an- tenn extend to the posterior margin of the head, first two joints flattened and enlarged; first joint oblong, second joint triangular, and half as long as preceding joint; third joint small, as long as second, but half as wide; flagellum six-jointed. Second pair of antenne are but little longer than first pair and do not reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The thoracic segments are of equal length. The epimera are square or oblong, with straight F1G.327.—DYNAMENE DILATATA. lateral margins. a, HEAD AND FIRST THORACIC The penultimate abdominal segment is short, See ie ae ®, DoRSAl and erossed with suture lines. The terminal segment is triangular with a small rounded notchat the apex. There are three longitudinal ridges on the segment, one in the median line, and one on either side of it. The uropoda are short, not reaching the extremity of the abdomen, and regularly rounded. : The legs are slender; the first two pairs are covered with long hairs and extend in an anterior direction, the other five pairs extend ina posterior direction. The type and only specimen was collected by Mr. Heath at Monterey Bay, California, at the surface. Cat. No. 22568, U.S.N.M. DYNAMENE BENEDICTI Richardson. Dynamene benedicti Rrcuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XT, 1899, p. 834; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 177; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 224. Locality.— Monterey Bay, California. Body oblong, oval; surface minutely granular; color dark gray. Head with small median point. Eyes situated post-laterally. First pair of antenne extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment; ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 3805 first joint of peduncle longest; second and third joints about equal in length; flagellum consists of six joints. Second pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment; flagellum consists of about eleven joints. aN The thoracic segments are of equal length. The aS - epimera are square with rounded pos- terior angles. The penultimate abdominal segment is crossed by suture lines, indicative — 710 32= DyNamunz : at . BENEDICTI. LAST of coalesced segments. The terminal THORACIC SEGMENT segment is triangular, terminating pos- ase Maes teriorly in two teeth separated by a i narrow, rounded, funnel-shaped sinus. This segment is very convex, and bears two longitudinal ridges on either side of the median line. The uropoda do not exceed in PARE 3 length the extremity of the terminal segment. Both wens pene. DYanches are rounded posteriorly and are similar in pic SECOND. shape.and. size. peeGen The type was collected by Mr. Heath at Monterey Bay, Baie x California, at the surface. Cat. No. 22570, U.S.N.M. i This species is named for Dr. James E. Benedict, assistant curator in the Division of Marine Invertebrates. U. 5S. National Museum. Both sexes of this species are known, and are in the collection of the U. S. National Museum. The male and female are alike in every respect, with the exception that the inner branch of the pleopoda in the male is provided with a stylet. 51. Genus PARADYNAMENE, new genus. Second, third, and fourth articles of the palp of the maxillipeds not produced into lobes. First article of the peduncle of the first antenne with a long process at the upper end, which is acutely produced, and extends to the extremity of the second article. Characters otherwise as in the genus Dynamene. Both sexes are known, the male and female being similar, but the male is larger. PARADYNAMENE BENJAMENSIS, new species. Body oblong-ovate, twice as long as wide, 5 mm.: 10 mm. Head wider than long, 2 mm.:3 mm., with the anterior margin widely rounded and produced over the basal articles of the antenne, so as to entirely conceal them. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles. The first pair of antenne have the first‘or basal article large and elongated, with a long acutely ter- 28589—05 20 306 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. minating process at the upper end, half the width of the article and extending to the extremity of the second article; the second article is half as long as the first article (not including this process); the third article is half as wide as the second, which is equal in width to the first, and is about one-half as long as the second, and hardly to be distin- guished from the articles of the flagellum. The flagellum is composed of about ten articles, and extends to the posterior margin of the first tho- racic segment. The second pair of antenne have the first article very short; the second and third are subequal and each is about twice as long as the first; the fourth and fifth are subequal and each is a little longer than the third. The fla- F1G. 330.—Parapynamenr gellum is composed of fourteen articles and BENJAMENSIS. ABDOMEN extends to the posterior margin of the second AND LAST THORACIC SEG- MENT OF MALE. 4. thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is about twice as long as any of the following segments, which are subequal. The lateral margins of the body are straight. The epimera ere separated on all but the first segment by faint lines. a ST 4 i ( ee \ 2 ; c d e Fic. 331.—PARADYNAMENE BENJAMENSIS. @, FIRST ANTENNA. 27;. 0,c, MANDIBLES. xX 273. d, FIRST MAXILLA. X 271. e€, MAXILLIPED. x 273. The abdomen is composed of two segments. The first segment is two and a half times longer than the last thoracic segment, and has three suture lines on either side indicating partly coalesced segments. It is produced backward in a small point on either side. The second ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 307 or terminal segment has the convex anterior portion surmounted with two very inconspicuously small tubercles, one on either side of the median line. Its posterior extremity has a deep rounded excavation, almost quadrangular in shape. The uropoda are longer than the terminal abdomi- nal segment. The inner branch has the outer post-lateral angle produced in an acute point, the inner angle being rounded. The outer branch is longer than the inner branch, and terminates in an acutely pointed extremity. The male differs from the female in its much larger size, being 18 mm. long and 7 mm. wide; in the more granular surface of the abdomen and its V-shaped rather than rounded excavation, and in having two depressed lines converging to a point just anterior to the V-shaped excavation, the apex of the point meeting the apex of the V-shaped excavation. Four females and one male come from the gulf weed. Collector unknown. FIG. 332.—PARADYNAMENE BENJAMENSIS. FEMALE (DORSAL VIEW). X 53. Types in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard Univer- sity. Cat. No. 6733, M.C.Z. Fic. 388.—PARADYNAMENE BENJAMENSIS. (, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. OF MALE. x 15}. < 151. b, SECOND PLEOPOD This species is named for Dr. Marcus Benjamin, editor of the Pro- ceedings of the U.S. National Museum. 52. Genus CILICAZA Leach. Last two segments of thorax of equal length. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which is usually produced (at least in the male) in a long process directed backward. The last segment of the abdomen has a median posterior emargination, with or without teeth. 308 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Maxillipeds with the second, third, and fourth articles of the palp produced into lobes. Branches of the uropoda unlike in the male, the outer branch being incapable of folding under the inner branch; only the outer branch salient. In the. opinion of Dr. H. F. Moore and Prof. S. J. Holmes the males and females are unlike, the female being similar to the female of the genus Dynamene. All the species which I have referred to this genus are without the long median spine or process of the first abdominal segment charac- teristic of the type species, C. latreilli Leach. The species of this genus described by Haswell” and Miers’ also have the long spine. Haswell figures one specimen, which he supposes to be the female of C. spinulosa or of C. hystrix, which lacks the dorsal spine on the first abdominal segment, but in which the uropoda are similar to those of the male. Miers says that the females of Cilicea latredl/i differ from the male in lacking the spine on the first segment of the abdomen and in hav- ing the uropoda with the inner branch produced and the outer branch short, resembling the uropoda of Cyimodoce. Milne Edwards® places Ci/icxa caudata (Say) in the section of the genus .Vesa, corresponding to Ci/icea Leach. It may be that a new genus will be required for these forms which lack the spine on the first abdominal segment, but until more is known about the sexes I shall, for the present, not remove them from the genus C7/7ceva, where I originally placed them. Whitelegge” refers to the genus C7/icea several species in which the male has the first abdominal segment not produced in a long process. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CILICA. a. Surface of body densely granulated. b. Terminal sinus of last abdominal segment without tooth on either side of the lateral ‘anglesiof the sintis® ose e 2-22 s5- pase Cilicea linguicauda Richardson b’. Terminal sinus of last abdominal segment with a tooth on either side of the lateral angles of the sinuss2.2- 222 22220 = ese Cilicea granulosa Richardson a’. Surface of body not granulated. L. Terminal segment of abdomen with three sinuses in a longitudinal series, each opening into the other, the two upper sinuses being heart-shaped. Outer branch of uropoda armed with four spines or teeth, and extending but little beyond the tip of the abdomen... .---.2.--22... Cilicea cordata Richardson b’. Terminal segment of abdomen with one sinus. Outer branch of the uropoda unarmed, and extending much beyond the tip of the abdomen. aProc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, VI, 1881, pp. 183-186. » Zool. Collections of the Alert, 1884, pp. 308-310. ¢Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, pp. 218-219. d Austral. Mus. Mem., IV, 1901, pp. 201-246. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 309 c. Sinus with teeth. d. Sinus with four or six teeth. e. Sinus with six teeth. Medium tubercle at base of terminal segment GOD Coane, See ats Se ie Sek REO Te tar ma SE Cilicea gilliana Richardson e’. Sinus with four teeth. Medium tubercle at base of terminal segment E511 05] ray seme eae re as ty ea once ewer yo Srey un Cilicxa caudata (Say ) d-asinus: withuthreeteethe= 22s 5" ss2 sees ca snes tbe se Cilicea sculpta (Holmes) Com SINUISA TV ENO Ub steC bia met 5 Sk sen ste ees en eters Cilicea carinata Richardson CILICAZA LINGUICAUDA Richardson. Cilicea linguicauda Ricnarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 536-537. Locality.—Cape Catoche, Yucatan. Depth.—24-25 fathoms. Head subtriangular in shape; frontal margin with a small median point; eyes post-laterally situated. The first pair of antenne reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; the second pair touch the fourth seement. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of the others, which are similar in size. The epimera are distinct from the segments, and are produced into acute points, with the exception of the last, which has the epimera quite rounded. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first of which gives indication of three coalesced segments, and has a small tooth on each side on its post-lateral margin. yy. 334 cr. The last segment is swollen anteriorly, and bears three — c#s_ uiyeur low tubercles on this portion. The extremity of the AV? 4* abdomen is marked by a sinus, almost completely filled by a single large tooth, which is posteriorly triangular and extends beyond the lateral teeth formed by the sinus. This central tooth bears a small, pointed tubercle near its base. The uropoda are slightly incurved, and are somewhat longer than the abdomen. The color is a dull yellow. The lower part of each thoracic segment is densely granulated, as well as the whole surface of the abdomen. The edges of the segments and the uropoda are fringed with hairs. Type.—Cat. No. 23908, U.S.N.M. CILICZZA GRANULOSA Richardson. Cilicxa granulosa RicHarpDson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 841; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), IV, 1899, pp. 186-187. Locality.—Cerros Island, Lower California. Depth.—20 fathoms. Surface of body densely granulated; granules large and close together. Head with anterior margin thickened, and produced in a small median point, on either side of which the margin is lobed. Eyes 310 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. situated post-laterally. First pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; first joint of peduncle, oblong; second joint, short. Second pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The first thoracic segment is longer than any of the following seg- ments. The epimera are twice as broad as long. The first abdominal segment is short and bears indications of three coalesced segments. There are three transverse elevations on this segment which are densely covered with granules. The terminal segment bears three trans- verse elevations at the base, the median one terminating in a spine. On_its pos- terior margin is a quadrangular excava- tion, with a long median tooth, bearing a spine at its extremity. At the base of Fic. 385.Crnacms GRanutosa.. Lasr the tooth is a small elevation, -Omeither THORACIC SEGMENT AND ABDOMEN. side of the terminal excavation, a-short i distance up the lateral margin, is a small spine. The fixed inner branch of the uropoda is small and short; the outer branch is long, blunt at the extremity, somewhat incurved, and reaches, when open, much beyond the terminal segment. The margins of the terminal segment, and the edges of the outer branch of the uropoda, are pubescent. The legs are all simple, ambulatory. One specimen from Cerros Island, Lower California, was collected by Mr. A. W. Anthony at a depth of 20 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 22649, U.S.N.M. CILICAZA CORDATA Richardson. Cilicea cordata Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X-XI, 1899, pp. 839-840. Dynamene tuberculosa Richarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 833. Cilicxa cordata Ricuarpson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), TV, 1899, pp. 184-185. Dynamene tuberculosa RicHARDsSON, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 176- Wt Cilicea cordata Ricuarpson, American Naturalist, X XXIV, 1900, p. 224. Dynamene tuberculosa RicHarpson, Am. Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 223. Dynamene cordata Hotmes, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei. (3), IIT, 1904, pp. 302-303. Localities. Catalina Island, California; Popoff Island; Monterey Bay, California; Aleutian Islands; Bodega Bay, California; Gualala, Mendocino County, California. Found in low water; dredged; in pink coralline at low tide. Occurs on /laliotis rufescens. Depth.—30 to 40 fathoms, in sandy mud, On the authority of Prof. S. J. Holmes, who has collected specimens of this species, Dynamene tuberculosa and Cilicea cordata represent OO a ee a ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA, ok the two sexes of the same species. Similarity of habitat and colora- tion are the reasons he gives for this conclusion, together with the fact that all the specimens which he col- lected of the one were females and of the other males. Anexamination of the speci- mens at my disposition gives the same results in regard to the sexes. Still I place Dynamene tuberculosa with much hesitation in the synonymy of C7/écewa cordata as representing the female, inas- much as several males of the genus Dy- namene have been found which are in every respect similar to the females. Description of male.—Body attenuated in front; color a faint yellow, profusely marked with a delicate pink tint. Head with the anterior margin thick- ened, and slightly produced in front. Prominent median point triangularly shaped. Frontal margin broadly lobed on either side of median point. Eye situated at post-lateral angle of head. First pair of antennee reach beyond the posterior margin of head; first joint of peduncle oblong; second joint very short; flagellum consists of about nine articles. The second pair of antenne extend to the Fic. 336.—CILICHA CORDATA (MALE). a, HEAD AND FIRST THORACIC SEG- MENT. 6, DORSAL VIEW. x 8. posterior angle of the third thoracic’ segment; the flagellum consists of about tifteen articles. The thoracic segments are about equal in length, with the exception of the first, which is a little longer than any of the on its posterior margin. yy Others. The epimera are very broad and drawn out to an apex, which is rounded. They are scarcely visible in a dorsal view, as they project downward laterally, forming an angle with the segments. ‘The last thoracic segment is furnished with low tubercles 2 On the first abdominal segment are five double tubercles. The terminal segment of the body has three sinuses, one above another, the two upper Fig. 337.—Cnicza openings being heart-shaped. Six teeth are grouped CORDATA. MAxX- ILLIPED. X 27}. in series of two each, and are placed in such regu- larity as to give the appearance of a triple sinus. At the base of the upper sinus is a large rounded tubercle, peaked at the top. Three double tubercles are also situated at the base of the “ahdomen. The inner branch of the uropoda is fixed and immovable; 312 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. it is broad and pointed at its extremity and extends two-thirds the length of the terminal segment. The outer branch is long and slender, broad and flattened above, more rounded and tapering at the extremity, somewhat incurved, and extends a little bevond the end of the abdo- men. Its outer edge is cren- ulate and its under surface armed with four spines. The legs are long and slender, all ambulatory, and with dactylus biunguiculate. Fig. 338.—CILICEA CoR- Two specimens were col- Poe ein lectedat Popoff Island (Aleu- tian Islands) by Dr. W. H. Dall at low water. Type.—Cat. No. 22575, U.S.N.M., Popoff Fie. 339.—cmicwa corpara Island. es MAXILLIPED. < 51. Another individual was found at Catalina Island, California, by Dr. J. G. Cooper. In this specimen the sixth thoracic segment is also tuberculated. One specimen was found by Mr. Heath at Monterey Bay on the pink coralline at low tide, and is shaded with a delicate pink. In this specimen, on the seventh thoracic segment and the penultimate abdominal segment, the tubercles on either side of the median line of tubercles are single instead of double. Description of female. Body oblong-ovate; color, light yellow, almost white; surface of abdomen tuberculated. Head large, much broader than long, with a wide anterior margin, broadly curving on either side of a small median point. Eyes small, and situated at the extreme post-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne, comme ccd of eight articles, reach beyond the mide of the first thoracic segment.” The second pair of antennex, composed of twelve articles, extend to the posterior angle of the first thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is one anda half times longer than any of the other segments, which are about equal in length. The epimera, FIG, 340,—CILICZA CORDATA . ste (peMALE). x 8 a, por. Which are distinctly marked, and roundly pro- saL view. b, LATERAL (duced at their posterior angles, are much broader VIEW. than long. The first abdominal segment is transversely crossed by three suture lines, indicated at the sides of the segment. Three small as —_—- ; ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 313 tubercles are situated in a transverse line on the posterior margin of this segment. The terminal segment is subtriangular in shape, with a broad funnel-like excavation at its extremity, formed by the infold- ing of the lateral edges. The anterior part of the terminal segment is very convex, upon which elevation are situated three large tuber- cles in a transverse row, the center one being in the median line. At the base of the terminal excavation is also a small tubercle. Both branches of the uropoda are similarly shaped, being of the same width throughout their entire length, and rounded posteriorly. The outer branch is somewhat shorter than the inner branch; neither reach the extremity of the abdomen. Individuals were found at Gualala, California, on //a//otis rufescens, by Dr. R. E. C. Stearns; also, one specimen at Catalina Harbor, Cali- fornia, and one at Popoff Island, Aleutian Islands, at low water, by Dray. Dall. Type.—Cat. No. 22569, U.S.N.M. Popoff Island, Aleutian Islands. é CILICAXKA GILLIANA Richardson. Cilicea caudata gilliana RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 840-841; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 185-186; American Nat- uralist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 224. Localities. —Catalina Island, California; Gualala, Mendocino County, California. Depth.—30-40 fathoms in sandy mud. Body slightly attenuated in front. Color, light brown with markings of black. Head with anterior margin thickened and slightly produced. Large median point triangularly shaped, on either side of which the frontal margin of the head is broadly lobed. Eye situated at the pos- terior angles of the head. F pair of antenne reach beyond the Pe eR: posterior margin of the head; eee 8 first joint of peduncle is oblong; second joint very small; flagellum consists of eight joints. The second pair of antenne are broken in the specimens examined. The thoracic segments are about equal in length, with short but very broad epimera, which extend downward laterally, forming an angle with the segments. The last segment is ridged with very low tubercles on its posterior margin. iid: te Cue The first abdominal segment has two suture lines, tana. Maxtiurren. indicative of coalesced segments, and bears five ~°!* double tubercles. The terminal segment has a large sinus, in which are situated six sharp teeth. At the base of the sinus is a large 314 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. tubercle. Three double tubercles are also found at the base of the terminal segment. The inner branch of the uropoda is affixed to the sides of the abdomen and extends two-thirds of its length; it is triangularly pointed at its extremity. The outer branch is long and slender, almost cylindrical in shape, smooth, somewhat incurved, and extends much beyond the tip of the terminal segment. The legs, all ambulatory, are slender with dactylus uniunguiculate. Specimens were dredged off Catalina Island, California. Type.—Cat.-No. 22576, U.S.N.M. These specimens differ from Cilicea caudata (Say), in the presence of six distinct ‘eeth within the sinus of the terminal segment, while in that species there are but four; in the greater development of the spine at the base of the sinus, and in the median double tubercle at the base of the terminal segment. This species is named in honor of Dr. Theodore Gill, the distin- guished icthyologist. CILICAA CAUDATA (Say). Nexsa caudata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 482.—MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 219. Cymodocea caudata Ives, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1891, p. 188, pl. v1, figs. 11-14. Cymodocea bermudensis Ives, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1891, p. 194. . Cilicea caudata Rrcnarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, p. 841 (foot-note); Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), IV, 1899, p. 186 (foot-note); Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 536 Dynamene bermudensis RICHARDSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 534; Trans. Conn. Acad: Sci. XI, 1902, p. 291, Cilicea caudata RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., XI, 1902, p. 291.—Moorg, Sul Us: Commisees of Fish and Fisheries, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p. 172, pl. x, figs. 5-8. Localities.—Egg Harbor, New Jer- sey; Beaufort, North Carolina; No Name Key, Florida; between Salt Pond Key and Stock Island; Key West; Puntarassa; Sugarloaf Key; northwest fra: A Ceoma-CRG ee end St. Martins Reef; Sarasota Bay, Ives). a, LATERAL View. x4. d,Dor- Florida; Cedar Keys, Florida; off Pro- es Oe ereso and Cape Catoche, Yucatan; Bermudas, at Harrington Sound, Castle Harbor, and the Flatts; Mayaguez, Boqueron Bay, Puerto Real, Arroyo, ane Fajardo, Porto Rica; the Bahamas. Depth, —Found on the surface; eae at a depth of 1-12 feet; 25 fms. Among alg and grass below low tide; from coral reefs. ert AD ——— =. 66 at EY oo a" — a —— = ora ee ee ee ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 315 On the authority of Dr. H. F. Moore, who has collected specimens of this species, Dynamene bermudensis represents the female of Ci/icxa caudata (Say). The two forms are always found associated together. Only the female of the one is knownand the male of the other. I unite the two with much hesitancy, for, inasmuch as the males of several species of Dynamene are known, the male of this form may not be the one referred to it by Doctor Moore. Description of male.—Body very slightly in- creasing in width from the head to the abdomen, a little more than twice as long as wide from the anterior margin of the head to the extremity of the abdomen, 4mm.: 9mm. The uropoda ex- tend 1 mm. beyond the tip of the ternrinal seg- ment, making the entire length of the body with the uropoda LO mm. Head three times as wide as long, 1 mm.: FG. 344.—Crricwa caupaTa . > ° (MALE) (AFTER MOORE). 3.mm., with a frontal border arising between < 58. the eyes, and produced ina small median point. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the post- lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the basal article long and stout; the second is half as long as the first and equally wide; the third is one and a half times as long as the second and about half as wide. The flagellum is composed of eight articles. The first an- tenn extend to the posterior margin of the first tho- racic segment. The second pair of antenne have the basal article short; the second is about twice as long as the first; the third and fourth are about equal in length and each is a little longer than the second; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is com- posed of fifteen articles. The second antenne extend a little beyond the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped has a palp of five articles. me i The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. ra. Maxtt- The frontal lamina is large and conspicuous, the pos- ure. <8 terior portion forming a thick raised’ margin in the shape of an inverted y. The first segment of the thorax is nearly twice as long as any of those following. The lateral parts of all the segments are bent down- ward, forming an angle with the dorsal part of the segment. The epimera are not distinct from the segments, but are indicated by a depression on either side of the segment a little distance within the place where the lateral part of the segment bends downward. ‘The 316 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. posterior extremity of the lateral margin or the outer post-lateral angle is slightly produced. The abdomen is composed of two segments. The first segment has two suture lines on either side indicating partly coalesced segments. Its posterior margin has five low tubercles, two on either side of a Fig. 346—CILICHA CAUDATA (FEMALE) (AFTER IVES). a, DORSAL VIEW. x 4. b, LEFT SIDE. x 4. ce, FOURTH LEG OF RIGHT SIDE. median one, and each with a groove in the center from which extends a long movable spine-like bristle. The terminal segment has the con- vex anterior half provided with one large median tubercle with a groove in the center from which extends a bunch of hairs. On either side of this median tubercle is a row of two large tubercles in longi- tudinal series, the lower one in each series being in a transverse line with the median tubercle. Below this transverse row of three tubercles and almost hidden by them are three small tubercles ina transverse row and much closer together than those directly above them. The posterior half of the terminal segment is deeply excavate, the post- lateral angles being very acute. Within the exca- vation are four acute teeth, two on either side of the center. The post-lateral angles have a small rudimentary tooth on the inner side near the Fig. 247.—Cric#a caupa- e@Xtremity. The fixed immovable branch of the fee ae (AFTER yropoda extends only half the length of the term1- va nal segment. The outer movable branch is long and narrow and is curved inward, so that when folded its extremity meets that of the branch of the opposite side in the median line of the body. The outer branch is furnished on its exterior margin with bunches of hairs scattered here and there. The legs are all ambulatory. On each segment of the thorax there are seven bunches of a few hairs, forming seven longitudinal series on the thorax. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. alt Description of female. 6 mm. Head nearly three times as wide as long, 1 mm.:3 mm., with a frontal border arising between the eyes and produced in a small median point. Tso eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the post- lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antennze have the basal article long and stout; the second article is less than half as long as the first and is of equal width; the third is twice as long as the second and half as wide. The flagellum is composed of ten articles. The first antenne extend almost to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The basal article of the second antenn is very short; the second is twice as long; the third is one and a half tines longer than the second; the fourth is a little longer than the third; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of twelve articles. The second pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin Body ovate, twice as long as wide, 3 mm.: \\\n . AW \\ AW} a b c FIG. 348.—CILICHA CAUDATA (FEMALE). d, MANDIBLE. x 513. 6, MAXILLIPED. x 512. c, FRONTAL LAMINA AND CLYPEUS. x 513. of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped has a palp of five articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The frontal lamina is large and conspicuous and has a V-shaped raised margin pointing anteriorly. The first segment of the thorax is twice as long as any of the others. The epimera are not distinct from the segments, but a lighter area and a slight depression marks the place of coalescence. The lateral margins are straight, with the outer post-lateral angle slightly produced. The abdomen is composed of two segments. The first segment is as long as the first thoracic segment, and has three suture lines on either side, indicating as many coalesced segments. The terminal segment has the anterior convex portion surmounted with three tuber- cles in a transverse row, the middle one being in the median longi- tudinal line. The shape of the segment is somewhat triangular, with the bluntly rounded apex produced, the sides of the extremity folding under to form a groove, which is incomplete on the ventral side. The immovable inner branch of the uropoda extends two-thirds the length 318 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. of the terminal segment; it is truncate at the extremity. The mova- ble outer branch is as wide and as long as the inner branch, and has the outer posterior angle slightly produced and acute, the inner angle being rounded. The legs are all ambulatory. CILICZZA SCULPTA (Holmes). Dynamene sculpta Hotmes, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sciences (3), III, No. 11, 1904, pp. 300-302, pl. xxxiv, figs. 1-7. Localities.—San Clemente Island; San Diego, California. Found in pieces of sponge dredged in shallow water. ‘**Body increasing slightly in width posteriorly. Head narrowed and scarcely longer than the first segment of the thorax. Eyes oblong, ad f Fic. 349.—CILIC#A SCULPTA (AFTER HOLMES). a@, ABDOMEN OF MALE. b, ABDOMEN OF FEMALE. c, HEAD OF MALE (LATERAL VIEW). d, FIRST ANTENNA OF MALE. €, SECOND ANTENNA OF MALE. f, MAXILLIPED OF MALE. g, LAST THORACIC LEG OF MALE. situated on prominent, rounded, lateral lobes. Thoracic segments minutely roughened behind, the lateral angles produced’ backward into subacute, triangular processes; first segment longer than the succeeding ones, the lower side produced forward into a triangular process extending a little in advance of the eye and backward into a triangular, acute lobe at the postero-inferior angle; last three seg- ments with several small setose prominences on the posterior margin. Abdomen large, with five segments indicated, the anterior segment marked off by a line extending entirely across the upper surface; the three following segments are indicated by two pairs of lines which are visible only at the sides; second segment furnished with three setose tubercles in a transverse row. Caudal shield large and sculptured, x) eee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 319 the anterior portion with three tubercles, the middle one rather blunt and a little in advance of the others; a pointed tubercle with two lat- eral ridges in front of the posterior notch; notch deep, with a small spine at the end, behind which is a pair of larger spines. Inner branch of the uropods flattened and not nearly reaching the tip of the raudal shield, the tip subacute; outer branch very long, narrow, and incurved, extending considerably behind the tip of the caudal shield and directed obliquely upward. First antenne a little shorter than the second, the first basal joint enlarged, oblong, and emarginate at the distal end at the insertion of the small, subquadrate second joint; flagellum longer than the peduncle and composed of nine to eleven joints. Second antenne scarcely reaching the middle of the thorax, the peduncle slender, the last two joints much longer than the pre- ceding ones; flagellum a little longer than the peduncle, the joints furnished with short sete. Thoracic legs increasing slightly in length posteriorly and furnished with short hairs; propodi armed below with spines; dactyls curved and ending in a spine with a strong spine behind the tip. ‘**The females are smaller than the males; the head, antenne, mouth parts, thoracic legs, and anterior segments are not distinguishable from those of the male, but the abdomen is markedly different. The caudal shield is relatively smaller and less sculptured; the notch at the ex- tremity is simple and shallow; there are three oblong tubercles on the anterior portion; the three tubercles on the next segment in front are smaller than in the male. The branches of the uropods are flattened and of subequal size; neither extends beyond the tip of the caudal shield.” —Hormrs. CILICAZEA CARINATA Richardson. Cilicwa carinata RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 224; Proce. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 535-536. Locality.—Coast of Georgia. Depth.—440 fathoms. Head with a median projection on the anterior margin, produced forward in the form of a large tubercle. Eyes colorless. First pair of antenne reach the poste- rior margin of the head; flagellum eight-jointed. Second pair of antennze reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic seement. The segments of the thorax are roughly granu- : ; a Fic. 350.—CILICEA CARI- lated. A transverse median ridge or elevation Tatra > ° appears on each of the segments, giving the dorsum, from a lateral view, a very rugged appearance. The epimera are rough and are drawn out laterally in very acute angles. @ Proc, Cal, Acad. Sciences (3), III, 1904, pp. 300-301. 320 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. : The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first segment being formed of several coalesced segments, as indicated by two suture lines. In the center of this segment are two longitudinal ridges, placed obliquely, so as almost to meet anteriorly and to spread apart at the other extremity. This segment projects down over the last segment at either side. The last segment has a deep ex- cavation at its posterior extremity, around and above which is a cari- nated ridge extending entirely around — the r—Yr whole of the posterior o/ AS Fig. 351.—CILICHA CARINATA, half of the eee Fig. 352.—CILICHA CARINATA. acne atawt Two small longitudinal MESO MER ridges are in the center of the segment. The inner branch of the uropoda is very short, not reaching the extremity of the abdomen by some distance; it is quad- ‘angular in shape, with sides nearly parallel, and obliquely truncated at the end. The outer branch of the uropoda is long, curved, and pointed at the end, resembling a hook somewhat. The color is a light yellow. In appearance the little isopod is very rough and rugged looking. There is but one specimen, which was found off the coast of Georgia. Depth.—440 fathoms. Type.—Cat. No. 23907, U.S.N.M. Family XII. SEROLID. Body strongly depressed. Both pairs of antenne multiarticulate with well-defined peduncle and flagellum. Mandible with palp. Maxillipeds with a triarticulate palp. Head posteriorly fused with first thoracic segment. Seventh thoracic segment entirely wanting on dorsal side. Abdomen composed of four segments, three anterior to the large terminal segment. Uropoda lateral, with both branches free and subequal. First two pairs of legs subchelate in male, second pair smaller than first; only first pair subchelate in female; last pair of legs smaller than any of the preceding pairs. First three pairs of pleopods natatory; fourth and fifth pairs bran- chial; outer branch of fourth pair forming an operculum. Marsupium consists of four pairs of plates. 538. Genus SEROLIS Leach. With characters of family. Only genus known. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ook SEROLIS CARINATA Lockington. Serolis carinata Locxtneton, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., VII, 1877, Pt. 1, p. 36.— RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 842; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 187; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 224. FIG. 353.—SEROLIS CARINATA. xX 8 ep Locality.—San Diego, California. Body almost round, very much flattened, and nearly as broad as long, 5 mm:6 mm. Head about as wide as long and deeply set in the first thoracic seg- ment, with which it is fused posteriorly. The eyes are large, oval, a Fig. 354.—SEROLIS CARINATA. a, FIRST LEG. xX 27. b, FIRST MAXILLA. X 512. c, SECOND MAXILLA. x 513. d, MAXILLIPED. x 512. ¢, MANDIBLE. x 513. and composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles of the head. The anterior margin of the head is bisinuate on either side of a small median point. The basal article of the first pair of antenne is large 28589—05——21 oo2, BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. and somewhat dilated; the second article is nearly twice as long as the first, and is also somewhat dilated; the third article is as long as the second, but more slender; the fourth article is almost as long as the third. The flagellum is composed of five articles. The first antenne extend to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment or to the end of the peduncle of the second pair of antennze. The basal article of the second antenne is short and is not visible from a dorsal view; the second article is about twice as long as the first; the antenne are geniculate between the second and third articles; the third article is about as long as the second; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of seven articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The maxilliped has a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax is fused with the posterior portion of the head along the posterior margin. The lateral portions of the segment are widely expanded and surround the head, the antero-lateral angles extending to the anterior margin of the head. The five fol- lowing segments are free, with the lateral parts widely expanded and subequal. The first segment and the last two (the fifth and sixth) are very much shorter in the median longitudinal line than the interme- diate ones. The seventh segment is entirely wanting on the dorsal side. The epimera are not distinct from the segments, but are per- fectly coalesced, with no indication of the place of fusion. The abdomen is composed of four segments, the first three of which are short and subequal in length. The lateral parts of the first two are covered by the widely produced lateral parts of the last thoracic segment. The fourth or terminal segment of the abdomen is large, somewhat triangular in shape, with apex obtusely rounded. A little more than one-third the distance from the base to the apex is a sharp tooth on either side, below which the abdomen becomes more attenu- ated. The peduncle of the uropoda arises at this point on the ventral side. The peduncle of the uropoda extends to about the middle of the lateral margin of the terminal abdominal segment. The branches are subequal in length and of equal width. They are rounded posteriorly, somewhat crenulate on the lateral margins, and extend a short distance beyond the tip of the terminal segment. The first pair of legs are subchelate, with propodus greatly dilated. All the other six pairs of legs are ambulatory. In the male the first two pairs of legs are subchelate, the second pair Deing smaller than the first. There are five pairs of pleopoda, one pair for each of the first three segments; the fourth pair have the outer branch forming an operculum folding over the entire ventral side of the last segment and attached at the anterior end, being free elsewhere; the fifth pair are concealed under the operculum. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 323 Ill. IDOTHEOIDEA or VALVIFERA. Uropoda lateral, valve-like, ventrally placed, closing over the five pairs of branchial pleopoda being attached on the outer margins to the sides of the terminal segment and opening and closing like folding > > 2 oD doors. Legs of the first pair not cheliform. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF IDOTHEIOIDEA. a. Body narrow, elongate, somewhat cylindrical, scarcely depressed. Four anterior pairs of legs unlike the three posterior ones, not ambulatory, nor strictly pre- hensile, directed forward, slender, ciliated, the first pair very small and closely applied to the mouth parts; last three pairs stouter and ambulatory with termi- INEM TOUTE OMNOKG bey ee Ne Nes i Se ee ee ara Family XIII. Arcrurtip® Body more or less broad, depressed. Legs usually nearly alike and ambulatory, but first three pairs sometimes pronouncedly subcheliform in structure ..- ~~. - Family XIV. Ipornerp»® Family XIII. ARCTURIDZ. a’. Body narrow, elongate, somewhat cylindrical, scarcely depressed. First antenne with the flagellum uniarticulate. Second antenne strongly developed, the peduncle having the last two articles very much elongated and geniculate at the articulation of the joints: the flagellum is short. Segments of the abdomen more or less consoli- dated, the last one being rather large. The four anterior pairs of legs are unlike the three posterior pairs, are neither ambulatory nor strictly prehensile, are directed forward, slender, feeble in structure, ciliated with long delicate hairs, the first pair being very small and applied to the mouth parts. Last three pairs of legs stouter and ambulatory with terminal joint bifid. Mandibles always without palps.“ ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY ARCTURID®. a. Fourth segment of thorax greatly longer than any of the others. Marsupium of female consists of two plates affixed to this segment..Genus Astacilla Cordiner ad. Fourth segment of thorax not greatly longer than any of the others. Marsu- pium of female composed of three pairs of plates. b. Abdomen composed of three distinct segments, two short ones anterior to the terminal Seom cms esses Sees See ois ee Satna Genus Arcturus Latreille b’. Abdomen composed of two distinct segments, one anterior to the terminal SEOMET Ge a acters eee er ees ars Se See Genus Pleuroprion zur Strassen 54. Genus ASTACILLA Cordiner. Body slender, cylindrical in form, with the fourth segment of the thorax very much elongated. Epimera small but distinct on all the thoracic segments with the exception of the first. Marsupium of female consists of two plates affixed to this segment. Abdomen com- posed of only two segments, a single short segment anterior to the terminal one, which is conically produced. “See Sars for characters of family, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 86. 324 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE. GENUS ASTACILLA. a. With eyes. Head excavate in front, without rostriform point. Fourth thoracic segment subeylindrical. Terminal abdominal segment with a prominent, subacute tooth on each side above the middle, directed outward and backward; extremity obiuse.4-.25..4-42ce os tes ee eee oes Astacilla granulata (G. O. Sars) a’. Without eyes. Head with a rostriform point in front, between the antennule. Fourth thoracic segment wider at the anterior end, and tapering to the poste- rior end. Terminal abdomonial segment with a pair of teeth on each side; - extremity acute’ 220224, .5. 25 woaceon Se cea ae eee ae Astacilla ceca Benedict ASTACILLA GRANULATA (G. O. Sars). Leachia granulata G. O. Sars, Arch. Math. Nat., II, 1877, p. 351 (251). Astacilla americana Hareer, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), XV, 1878, p. 374. Astacilla granulata Hareer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161.—Sars, Norw. North Atlantic Exp., Crust., 1885, p. 107, pl. rx, figs. 27-35.—Har- GER, Report U. 8S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 364— 367, pls. vii-1x, figs. 48-52.—Hansen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjabenhayn, 1887-88, pp. 189-190.—BENEpICctT, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, p. 50.—RicHarpson, American Nat- uralist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 230; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 550.— Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XIV, 1904, p. 448. Localities.—Georges Banks; Banquereau; Miquelon Island, south of Newfoundland; latitude 69° 16’ north, longitude 58° 8’ west: latitude 70° north, longitude 58° 38’ west; latitude 71° 10’ north, longitude 58° 56’ west; latitude 72° 41’ north, longitude 59° 50’ west; also between Norway and Iceland; Grand Banks; latitude 60° 381’ north, longitude 9° 18’ west; latitude 60° 21’ north, lon- gitude 5° 41’ west. Depth.—7-640 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, about six and a half times longer than wide, 24 mm.: 16 mm., not in- cluding the antenne. ~ The head is as wide as long, 2 mm. :2mm., with the anterior margin deeply excavate. The FIG. 355.—ASTACILLA GRANULATA (AFTER HARGER). C€YeS are small, round, composite, a, FIRST ANTENNA OF MALE. + 4. }, FourtTH and situated at the sides of the THORACIC SEGMENT OF MALE. + 4, ¢, VENTRAL s SIDE OF ABDOMEN. x 4. head, halfway between the ante- rior and the posterior margins. The first pair of antenne have the basal article long and somewhat dilated; the two following articles are short and slender, the two together being as long as the first article; the fourth or last article is a little longer than the first. The first antennze extend to the end of the second article of the peduncle of the second antenne. The basal ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 325 article of the second antenne is short, and does not extend beyond the antero-lateral angles of the head; the second article extends to the end of the first pair of antennze; the third article is three times as long as the second article; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is a little shorter than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of three articles. The second antenne are not quite as long as the body, being 14 mm. in length. The maxilliped has a palp of five articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than the two fol- lowing segments, which are subequal. The fourth segment is extremely long, being 6 mm. long, or 1 mm. longer than all the other six segments taken together. This segment is broader anteriorly than the preceding segments; at its posterior extremity it becomes abruptly narrower. The fifth segment is about one-sixth as long as the fourth segment; the sixth segment is about equal in length to the fifth; the seventh is a little shorter than the sixth. The lateral parts of the first segment are broadly ex- panded and surround the posterior portion of the head, the antero-lateral angles extending as far as the eyes. The epimera are distinctly separated on all the six follow- ing segments. On the second and third segment they are small and occupy the whole of the lateral margin. On the fourth segment they occupy the antero-lateral angles. In the last three segments they project at the sides in acutely pointed processes. Sk paNeenes The first two segments of the abdomen are short. The — crita_ cranv- terminal segment is long and narrow, about one-fifth (i Se the entire length of the body, being 3 mm. long. It is produced to a narrow, obtuse extremity. Near the base there is a transverse depression marked at the sides by an acute process or expansion of the lateral margin. The first four pairs of legs are slender, directed forward, densely covered with long hairs on the inferior margins of all the articles. The first pair are much shorter than the three following pairs, which are gradually increasingly longer. The last three pairs ef legs are ambulatory and gradually decrease in length. The whole surface of the body is covered with small granulations. On the posterior portion of the dorsal surface of the head are two low tubercles. The three last segments of the thorax have each one low tubercle in the median longitudinal line. The first two segments of the abdomen have each two low tubercles, one on either side of the median longitudinal line. The terminal segment has a double row of six low tubercles in two longitudinal series, one row on either side of the median line. 326 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. - ASTACILLA CECA Benedict. Astacilla ceca BENepict, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, p. 51.—RicHarp- son, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1890, p. 230; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXITI, 1901, p. 550. Locality.—Latitude 38° 22’ north, longitude 70° 17' 30” west (south of Marthas Vineyard). Depth.—1,825 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, five times longer than wide, 2 mm.: 95 mm. Head wider Fic. 357.—ASTACIL- LA CHCA (AFTER BENEDICT). than long, 1 mm.:13 mm., with the anterior margin deeply excavate between the produced antero-lateral angles, and a small median point within the excavation. The lateral margin on either side is produced in two acute triangular processes, an anterior and a posterior lobe. The eyes are wanting. There are two tubercles on the head situated in the median line, one on the anterior portion and the other on the postcephalic lobe. The first pair of antennee have the basal article long and dilated; the second and third articles are sub- equal in length, slender, and both together about equal in length to the basal article; the fourth article is one and a half times longer than the third. The first an- tenne extend a little beyond the end of the second arti- cle of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The basal article of the second antennz is short and incon- spicuous in a dorsal view, being covered by the basal article of the first antennze; the second article extends as far as the middle of the fourth article of the first antenne; the third article is twice as long as the second; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is a little shorter than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of five articles. The second an- tenne are 6 mm. in length. The first three segments of the thorax are subequal in length; the fourth segment is six times longer than the third, being 3 mm. in length; the fifth, sixth, and sev- enth segments decrease gradually in length, the fifth segment being about 1 mm. long. There is one median tubercle on each of the thoracic segments; other small tubercles are situated in a transverse line lateral to the median tubercle on the first three segments; the fourth seement is thickly covered with small tubercles over the whole dorsal surface; the fifth segment has a pair of tubercles one above the other on either side of the lateral Fig. 358.—ASTA- CILLA CCA, MAXILLIPED, roo! margin anterior to the epimera; the sixth segment has one tubercle on either side anterior to the epimera. The epimera of the second, third, and fourth segments are small; those of the last three segments are angular and conspicuous. The fourth segment of the thorax is twice ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. oon as wide at its anterior end as it is at its posterior extremity; it measures 2 mm. in width at the anterior portion and only 1 mm. at the posterior end. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first one of which is short and narrow. The terminal segment has the lateral margins pro- duced on either side in two angular processes, one at the base of the segment and the other a little below the middle. The segment termi- nates in an acute point. There is also a median tubercle on each one of the abdominal segments, the tubercle on the terminal segment being situated at the base of the segment. The marsupial plates are covered with small tubercles. 55. Genus ARCTURUS Latreille. Body slender, somewhat cylindrical in form, with the fourth seg- ment of the thorax not greatly longer than the others. EKpimera small but distinct on all the thoracic segments with the exception of the first. Marsupium of female composed of three pairs of plates issuing from the second, third, and fourth segments. Abdomen composed of three segments, two segments anterior to the large terminal one. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ARCTURUS. a. End of terminal segment notched, as seen from above. b. Body smooth and free from spines.........------4 Ireturus beringanus Benedict Beas. O ives iia ore fey ecto = ee tctoiene ae nice coe Arcturus longispinis Benedict a’. End of terminal abdominal segment without notch. b. Body without spines or tubercles, perfectly smooth and glabrous. Arcturus glaber Benedict b’. Body with spines or tubercles. c. Terminal segment of abdomen armed with a long median terminal spine, pro- jecting beyond the end of the segment. d. Head with two spines. Second joint of second pair of antennee armed with one spine at upper end. Thorax with few spines. Surface of terminal abdominal segment smooth. e. Second joint of peduncle of second pair of antenne without spine at base on outer margin. First pair of antennze extending one-third the length of the third joint of second pair of antennee. Dorsal spines wanting on second abdominal segment. Spines wanting on opercular valves. Anterior thoracic appendages furnished with a number of spines on the proximally OMS see sae eas = asa 2 Arcturus purpureus Beddard e’. Second joint of peduncle of second pair of antennze with spine at base on outer margin. First pair of antenne extending two-thirds the length of the third joint of second pair of antennz. Dorsal spines present on second abdominal segment. Spines present on opercular valves. Anterior thoracic appendages without spines except on penultimate FOU Gee fe ee etree oie niok icine 3 cd Arcturus caribbeus Richardson d’. Head with eight spines. Second joint of second pair of antennze armed with three spines at the upper end. Thorax with many spines. Sur- face of terminal abdominal segment with three rows of spines on dorsal surface. Row of spines on each opercular valve. Arcturus floridanus Richardson 328 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. c’, Terminal segment of abdomen not armed with a long median terminal spine. d. Four anterior segments of thorax with spines or tubercles. Middle surface of abdomen with prominent spiny projections. With conical lateral pro- jections. . Hipimera, pointed. <2 ..2--- 52-2 Arcturus baffini (Sabine) d’. Four anterior segments of thorax without spines or tubercles. Middle surface of abdomen without any indication of prominent spiny projec- tions. Without conical lateral projections. Epimera less pointed. Arcturus bafjini var. tuberosus Sars ARCTURUS BERINGANUS Benedict. Arcturus beringanus Benepict, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, pp. 46- 47.—RIcHARDSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 854; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 275; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 229. Localities.—Alaska; Bering Sea. Depth.—29-72 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, a little more than seven times longer than wide, 1$ mm.:11 mm., not including the antenne. The head is about as wide as long, 13 mm.:14 mm., with the ante- rior margin deeply excavate. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated at the sides of the head about halfway between the ante- rior and posterior margins. The first pair of antenne have the basal article long and somewhat dilated; the second is longer than the third, and both together are about equal in length to the first; the fourth is a little longer than the first. The first antenne extend to the end of the second article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The basal article of the second an- tenn is short, and extends as far as the antero-lateral angles of the head, or to the end of the first article of the first pair of antennie; the second article is longer and extends to the end of the first pair of antenne; the third article is twice as long as the second; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is a little shorter than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of Bie 40 etoes LOU articles, the last article terminating in a spine. kus Berincantes ‘Lhe second antenne are shorter than the body, being (ATER BENE- only 7 mm. in length. The maxilliped has a palp of ck oe five articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The first three segments of the thorax are subequal; the fourth is twice as long as any of the preceding segments; the fifth is half as long as the fourth; the sixth is as long as the fifth; the seventh is a little shorter than the sixth. The first segment has the lateral parts somewhat expanded to surround the posterior portion of the head. The epimera of the second, third, and fourth segments are distinctly separated from the segments, are small and narrow, not visible from a dorsal view, and occupy the antero-lateral angles of the segments. The epimera of the last three segments are also distinctly separated wo _ ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. from the segments, are conspicuous from a dorsal view, and are pro- duced at the sides in processes which are rather blunt at their extremities. The first two segments of the abdomen are short. The terminal segment is long and produced to an extremity which has a V-shaped excavation. The length of the terminal segment is a little less than one- fourth that of the entire body, being 3 mm. long. Near the base is a transverse depression marked on either side by a blunt expansion of the lateral margin, probably indicative of a coalesced segment. The first four pairs of legs are slender, directed forward, and densely covered with long, slender hairs on the inferior margins of all the articles. The first pair of legs is shorter than the three following pairs. The last three pairs of legs are ambulatory. ARCTURUS LONGISPINUS Benedict. Arcturus longispinus Benepict, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, pp. 44— 45.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 854; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 275; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 229. Locality.— Aleutian Islands. Depth.—55 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, nearly five times longer than wide, 7 mm.: 35 mm. Head wider than long, 7 mm. :4 mm., with the anterior margin deeply excavate between the produced antero-lateral angles. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated at the sides of the head halfway between the antero-lateral angles and the posterior margin. There are two extremely long spines, 7 mm. in length, situated about the middle of the head between the eyes, one on either side of the median line. The first pair of antenne have the basal article long and somewhat dilated, about twice as long as wide; the sec- ond and third articles are subequal in length, each being half as wide as the basal article and much shorter; the fourth article is about one and a half times longer than the third. The first antenne extend to the end of the second 5 FIG. 360.—ARCTURUS LONGI- article of the peduncle of the second antenne. SPINUS (AFTER BENEDICT). < 12. The basal article of the second antenne is short; the second article is 8 mm. long; the third is four times as long as the second, or 12 mm. long; the fourth is 17 mm. in length; the fifth is 15 mm. The flagellum is composed of eight articles, the 330 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. first being many times longer than the second. The second antenne are 53mm. in length. The palp of the maxillipeds is composed of five articles. The first segment of the thorax has two small tubercles or rudiments of spines, one on either side of the median line. The spines of the second, third, and fourth segments are 6 mm. in length, placed one on each side of the median line. The spines of the fifth segment are 23 mm. long, one on either side of the median line. The spines of the sixth segment are 2 mm. long, placed one on either side of the median line. The spines of the seventh segment are 1} mm. long, situated one on either side of the median line. Epimera are distinct on all but the first seoment. They increase in size from those of the second to those of the fifth segment, which are the largest, and then decrease in size; all have the lateral margins rounded. The epimera of the second, third, and fourth segments are concealed in a dorsal view by the large knob-like projections on the lateral margins of the segments. The abdomen is composed of three segments, the first two of which are short and are armed each with two spines, one on either side of the median line, those of the first segment being rudiments as in the first segment of the thorax, while those of the second segment are 2 mm. long and project backward. The first segment has a triangular expansion on either side of the lateral margin. The second has none. The terminal segment has two backward projecting spines situated on the dorsal surface, one on either side of the median line about the middle of the segment. This segment is very much compressed laterally. It terminates in two short points. The lateral margin has a triangular expansion on either side at the base and a smaller one on either side just below the middle of the segment. The first four pairs of legs are directed forward and are strongly ciliated. The last three pairs are ambulatory. ARCTURUS GLABER Benedict. Arcturus glabrus Benepict, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XII, 1898, p. 46. Arcturus glaber RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 855; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 277; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 230. Locality.— Bering Sea. Depth.—55 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, a little over six times as long as broad, 5 mm. : 31 mm. Head wider than long, 3mm.:4mm. The head measures 4mm. in length from the antero-lateral angles to the posterior margin. The front is deeply excavate between the produced lateral angles. The eyes are small, transversely ovate, composite, and situated at the sides of the head, halfway between the antero-lateral angles and the ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ool posterior margin. The first pair of antenne have the basal article large and dilated; the second and third articles are subequal and are shorter and smaller than the first; the fourth article is twice as long as either of the two preceding articles. The first antennwe extend to the end of the second article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The first article of the second antenne is short, not longer than the basal article of the first pair of antenne; the second article extends to the end of the first antenne; the third article is three and a half times longer than the second; the fourth is nearly twice as long as the third; the fifth article is nearly as long as the fourth; the flagellum is composed of six articles, the first one of which is about three times longer than the second or following articles. The second antenne are longer than the body. The palp of the maxilli- peds is composed of five articles. The first three segments of the thorax are subequal, each being 2 mm. in length. The fourth segment is twice as long as either of the three preceding segments and is+mm. inlength. — Fie. 362.—Arcrurvs GLABER. MAXIL- LIPED. X 11%. Fig. 361.—ARCTURUS GLABER ,, 6 : ; (AFTER BENEDICT). < 12. The fifth segment Is 2s Wm. long. The sixth and seventh segments are each 2mm. in length. Epimera are not represented on the first thoracic segment. The epimera of the three following seg- ments are small and occupy the antero-lateral angles. In the last three segments the epimera are large and laterally produced. The first two segments of the abdomen are short and subequal. The third or terminal segment is long and tapers to a blunt extremity. The first four pairs of legs extend forward and are strongly ciliated. The last three pairs are ambulatory. ARCTURUS PURPUREUS Beddard. Arcturus purpureus BEDDARD, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1886, p. 109; Report on the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H. M. 8S. Challenger, Zool., X VII, 1886, pp. 112-113.—RicHarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 546. Locality.—Ott Sombrero Island. Depth.—450 fathoms. **A single specimen of this species was dredged in the North Atlantic at station 23 from a depth of 450 fathoms. 332 BULLETIN 94, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. “| have named it purpureus On account of the purplish color which appears to characterize the species and is very distinet in the spirit- preserved specimen. i 4) | \\ FIG. 963.—ARCTURUS PURPUREUS (AFTER BEDDARD). 4 ONE OF POSTERIOR THORACIC LEGS. b, LATERAL VIEW. ¢, ONE OF ANTERIOR THORACIC LEGS. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 333 **It is closely allied to Arcturus anna and to Arcturus cornutus, but differs sufficiently from both to constitute the type of a new species. Fira. 364.—ARCTURUS PURPUREUS (AFTER BEDDARD). DORSAL VIEW. ‘The extreme length of the specimen, which is a female, is 18 mm., the length of the-antennx 31 mm, 334 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ‘On the head between the eyes are a pair of long, forwardly curved spines; the hinder portion of the head is occupied by a rounded median convexity; at the antero-lateral margin of the head is a very short, forwardly directed spine, beneath which the margin is excavated by a semicircular notch. **Of the first four thoracic segments the fourth is rather the shortest. Each of the segments bears an outwardly directed spine on each side of the body, corresponding to the pair on the head and of about equal length; those on the fourth segment, although broken, appeared to have been originally somewhat shorter; close to the lateral margin of each segment, near to its junction with the epimeron, is another long spine projecting outward and over the epimeron. The first segment differs from the succeeding ones in having no separate epimeron, and its lateral margin has two spines instead of one, of which the anterior is the longer; they are both directed forward as well as outward. The fourth thoracic segment has also a second spine, and its postero-lateral margin inclined downward and backward as well as outward. **Of the three posterior thoracic segments the first is the largest, the two posterior being equal in size; the epimera of all three segments bears a spine directed outward and at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the body; that of the first ofthe three segments is considerably the longest; this segment bears also a pair of spines upon the tergum continuous with those on the segments in front, and exactly overlying that on the epimeron. ‘** The first three segments of the abdomen are separated by distinct sutures; the first and the third of the segments have a pair of long lateral spines; those of the third segment mark the boundary between it and the caudal shield; the first abdominal segment has a pair of short ventral spines placed on either side of the median ventral line, and upon a ridge which forms the posterior margin of the segment; ante- riorly the segment is bounded by a similar ridge, but without any distinct spines. ‘**The caudal shield is oval and convex, with a faintly marked longi- tudinal carina which terminates in a long spine; the lateral margins of the caudal shield are flattened and form a ridge like the brim of a hat; on either side are two long curved spines situated at equidistant inter- vals, and corresponding in position to the lateral spines on the last abdominal segment; the lateral ridge does not terminate in a flattened spine on either side, as in so many other species. ‘The appendages in many cases bear long spines like those upon the body; the antenne, which are very long, have a pair of spines upon the distal extremity of each of the joints; the anterior thoracic append- ages are furnished with a number of stout spines upon the proximal ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 335 joints; the posterior thoracic appendages are smooth and devoid of any such spines. **The uropoda are covered with numerous minute granulations but bear no spines.” —Brpparp.“ ARCTURUS CARIBBEUS Richardson. Arcturus caribbeus RicHarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 546-547. Locality.—Near Aves Island, Caribbean Sea. Depth.—683 fathoms. Head with a deep excavation on the anterior margin, on either side of which the antero-lateral margins are produced, each bearing a short spine at the outer angle. Two long spines are situated on the anterior portion of the head, between the eyes. The first pair of antenne, con- sisting of four joints, reach two-thirds of the length of the third joint of the second pair of antenne. The first joint of the second pair of antenne is short and unarmed; the second joint is armed with a small spine at the base on the outer margin, and a large spine on the upper lateral margin; the third joint is about three times as long as the second joint, and is armed with two long spines at the upper end; the fourth joint is about twice as long as the third joint, and is armed with a single spine at the upper end; the fifth joint is somewhat longer than the fourth and is unarmed; the flagellum is long and consists of ten joints. The first, second, third, and fifth thoracic segments have each two long projecting spines, one on either side of the median dorsal line. The fourth, sixth, and seventh segments are with- out these spines. The first segment has three spines, one large central spine and two small spines on each antero-lateral margin. All the other thoracic segments have one long spine on each lateral margin. Fic. 365.—ARCTURUS CARIBBEUS. «Challenger Report, X VII, 1886, pp. 112-113. 336 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first abdominal segment has one lateral spine on each side; the second segment has two dorsal spines, one on either side of the median line. The terminal segment has one lateral spine on each side near the base. It is rounded in outline posteriorly, with two lateral spines on either side, one a little below the middle and one near the posterior margin of the segment. There is also a large terminal spine on the dorsal surface. The opercular valves are armed each with a single spine about the center of the valve. The penultimate joint of the second, third, and fourth anterior pairs of legs is armed with a single spine. One specimen of this species was taken by the U. S. Bureau of Fish- eries steamer A/batross near Aves Island, Caribbean Sea. Type.—Cat. No. 9118, U.S.N.M. This species closely resembles Arcturus purpureus Beddard, differing from that species in having two dorsal spines on the second abdominal segment, spines on the opercular valves and at the base on the outer margin of the second joint of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne, in wanting spines on the proximal joints of the anterior thoracic appendages, with the exception of the penultimate joint, and in the greater length of the first pair of antenne. ARCTURUS FLORIDANUS Richardson. Arcturus floridanus RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 230; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 548-549. Locality.—Fernandina, Florida. Depth.—273 fathoms; 270 fathoms. Head with deep anterior excavation, on each side of which the lateral margins are produced, bearing each a single spine at the outer angle. On the anterior portion of the head are two long spines situated between the eyes. Two long spines are placed on the posterior por- tion of the head, between the line of the eyes, on either side of which are two small spines, one near each eye and one on the lateral margin. The first pair of antenne are short, reaching only half the length of the third joint of the second pair of antenne. The first joint of the second pair of antenne is short and unarmed; the second joint has one short spine at the base and three long ones at the upper end; the third joint is nearly three times as long as the second joint, and has two long spines at the upper end; the fourth joint is armed with a single spine; the fifth joint is unarmed; the flagellum is nine-jointed. The first thoracic segment has two dorsal spines on the anterior part, one on either side of the median line, six spines on the posterior part, three on either side of the median line, and two lateral spines; the second thoracic segment has three spines on the anterior portion, one in the median line and one on either side of it, four spines on ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 337 the posterior portion, two on either side of the median line, and three lateral spines; the third thoracic segment has two spines on the anterior portion, one on either side of the median line, four spines on the posterior portion, two on either side of the median line, and four lateral spines; the fourth segment has two spines on the anterior part, one on either side of the median line, four spines on the poste- rior part, two on either side of : the median line, and four lateral spines; the fifth segment has two spines widely separated, one on either side of the median line, and one lateral spine; the sixth and seventh segments have six spines, three on either side of the median line, and one lateral spine. The first two abdominal seg- ments have each eight small spines, four on either side of the median line. The terminal seg- ment has one median row of spines and a row on either side of this and a lateral row. The median row consists of five small spines and one large terminal spine. The dorsal row on either side of the median row each con- sists of four spines. The outer marginal lateral rows each con- sists of three spines, a pair at the base, a pair about the middle, anda pair at the extremity. At the base of the segment is a transverse row of four small spines. The opercular valves have each a longitudinal row of eight spines. Both the anterior and the posterior pairs of legs are covered with spines, the anterior ones more densely. Two specimens, one imperfect, were obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross at Fernandina, Florida. Type.—Cat. No. 11522, U.S.N.M. Fig. 366.—ARCTURUS FLORIDANUS. ARCTURUS BAFFINI (Sabine). Idotea baffini Sasrxe, Suppl. to App. to Capt. Parry’s Voyage, 1824, p. 228, pl. 1, figs. 4-6. Arcturus tuberculatus LATREILLE in Cuvier, Régne Animal, 2d ed., IV, 1829, p. 139. Arcturus baffini Wrestwoop, Trans. Entom. Soc., London, I, 1836, p. 72.—MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 123, pl. xxx1, fig. 1.—G. O. Sars, 28589—05 22 338 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Den Norske Nordhavs Expedition, Zool., Crust., I, 1885, p. 97, pl. 1x, figs. 1-21.—Brpparp, Report on the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H. M. 8S. Challenger, Zool., X VII, 1886, pl. xx, fig. 12.—Hansen, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. i Kj@bh., 1887-88, pp. 188-189.—AxeEL Onin, Aka- demisk Afhandling, XXII, 1895, pp. 15-18.—Benepicr, Proc. Biol. Soe. Washington, XII, 1898, p. 48.—Ricnarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 230; Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 549.—Orrmann, Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1901, pp. 156-157.—Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XIV, 1904, pp. 444-445. Localities.—Latitude 65° 35’ north, longitude 54° 50’ west; latitude 66° 32’ north, longitude 55° 34’ west; latitude 43° 55’ north, longitude 49° 8’ west; Granville Bay; Cape Alexander; Elsmere Land and Green- land; Union Bay, Beechy Island; latitude 67° 59’ north, longitude 56° 33’ west; latitude 68° 9’ north, longitude 56° 32’ west; latitude 70° 29’ north, longitude 55° 40’ west; latitude 71° 10’ north, longitude 58° 56’ west; latitude 78° 24’ north, longitude 74° west; Inglefield Gulf; Mur- chison Sound; Cape Faraday; latitude 60° 21’ north, longitude 5° 41’ west; Baffin Bay; near Cape York; Grinnell Land; Franklin Pierce Bay, or latitude 79° 29’ north; Cape Napoleon, or latitude 79° 38’ north; Dobbin Bay, or latitude 79° 40’ north; Floeberg Beech, or latitude 82° 27’ north; Barden Bay; Olriks Bay; Robertson Bay; Faroe Chan- nel; latitude 72° 38’ north, longitude 77° 10’ west; latitude 72° 8’ north, longitude 74> 20’ west. Depth.—5-150 fathoms. Body narrow, elongate, nearly seven times longer than wide, 6 mm. : 40 mm. Head as wide as long, 5 mm.:5 mm., with the anterior margin deeply excavate. The eyes are small, composite, about twice as wide as long, and situated at the sides of the head, about halfway between the ante- rior and the posterior margins. There are two large spines on the posterior half of the head, one on either side of the median line. The basal article of the first pair of antenne is long and somewhat dilated; it is as long as the two following articles, which are subequal, taken together; the fourth article is about one and a half times longer than | the first article. The first pair of antenne extend to the end of the second article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. ‘The sec- ond pair of antenne have the basal article short and not reaching beyond the antero-lateral angles of the head on the dorsal side; the second article extends to the end of the first pair of antenn; the third article is about three times as long as the second article; the fourth is one and a half times longer than the third; the fifth is as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of ten articles, the last article terminating in a spine. The second antenne are longer than the body, being 50 min. in length. The maxillipeds have a palp of five articles. The palp of the mandibles is absent. The first three segments of the thorax are equal in length; the fourth is twice as long as either one of the preceding segments; the fifth is Pp Gt ae Sy, & ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 339 also half as long as the fourth; the sixth and seventh are slightly shorter than the fifth. There are two long spines on each one of the thoracic segments, one on each side of the median longitudinal line. The lateral parts of the first segments are broadly expanded and surround the posterior portion of the head at the sides. The epimera of the second,.third, and fourth segments are small, but distinctly separated from the segments; they occupy the antero-lateral angles of FIG. 367.—ARCTURUS BAFFINI (AFTER G. O. SARS). @, ANTERIOR PART OF BODY, WITH FIRST PAIR OF ANTENNA AND ORAL APPENDAGES VIEWED FROM BELOW. Bb, FIRST ANTENNA. C, BASE OF SECOND ANTENNA. d, ADULT FEMALE, FROM ABOVE. @, FIRST LEG. jf, SECOND LEG. g, POSTERIOR PART OF BODY, VIEWED FROM BELOW (ONE OF OPERCULAR VALVES REMOVED). h, TWO SENSORY APPENDICES OF FIRST ANTENNA. 7, LABRUM. Jj, FLAGELLUM OF SECOND ANTENNA. k, MANDIBLES. J, ONE OF ANTERIOR PLEOPODS. m, TERMINAL BRANCHES OF OPERCULAR VALVE (INNER SIDE). 7”, SEVENTH LEG. 0, ONE OF POSTERIOR PLEOPODS. p, FIRST MAXILLA. g, LABIUM. 7, SECOND MAXILLA. s, MAX- ILLIPED. ¢t, TERMINAL CLAW OF SEVENTH LEG. wu, LATERAL VIEW. the segments and are not visible in a dorsal view. The epimera of the last three segments are large and also distinctly separated; they project at the sides of the segments, being produced in long, acute processes, and are conspicuous from a dorsal view. The first two segments of the abdomen are short, and each is pro- vided with two dorsal spines, one on either side of the median longi- 340 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. tudinal line. The first segment also has the sides produced in acute processes, one on either side, not separated from the segment and simulating the epimera of the last three thoracic seg- ments. The last or terminal segment is very long, 11 mm., about one-fourth the entire length of the body. At the base on either side, the lateral margin is produced in a long, acute process. Halfway be- tween the base and the apex of the segment, on the dorsal surface, are two tubercles, one on either side of the median longitudinal line. The apex of the seg- ment is acutely pointed. The first four pairs of legs are slender, directed forward, and thickly furnished with long slender hairs Fig. 368.—Arcrorus on the inferior margins of all the articles. The ter- BAFFINI. MAXIL- : Sayer * : ° : eas UBL minal article is minute; the three preceding articles are long and slender. The first pair of legs are much shorter than the three following pairs. The last three pairs of legs are stout and ambulatory in character. The entire surface of the body, the antennie, legs, etc., is densely granular. ARCTURUS BAFFINI var. TUBEROSUS Sars. Arcturus tuberosus Sars, Archiv Math. og Naturvid., 1877, p. 350. Arcturus baffini var. feildeni Mirrs, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XIX, 1877, p. 64, plian, ho. 1 Arcturus tuberosus Sars, Norwegian North Atlantic Expedition, Crustacea, 1885, p. 102, pl. 1x, fig. 22. Arcturus feildent Brenepicr, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XII, 1898, p. 44.— RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 230; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 549. Arcturus baffini ORTMANN, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 1901, pp. 156-157. Arcturus baffini var. tuberosus Norman,“ Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), XIV, 1904, p. 445. Localities. —Camp Clay, Cape Sabine; Davis Straits; off Churchill, Hudson Bay; Granville Bay; Elsmere Land or Greenland. Depth.—20-80 fathoms—clay bottom; small stones and gravel. Body narrow, elongate, a little over eight times longer than wide, 4mm.: 35 mm., not including the antenne. The head is as wide as long, 4 mm.: 4 mm., with the anterior mar- gin deeply excavate. The eyes are small, wider than long, composite, and situated at the sides of the head about halfway between the ante- rior and the posterior margins. The first pair of antenne have the basal article long and somewhat dilated; the second-and third articles are subequal, and the two together are equal in length to the basal « Norman proposes a third variety, A. baffini var. intermedia, in which the tubercles on the first four segments of the thorax and the elevation on the head are greatly reduced in size, but on the fifth and succeeding segments they are as well repre- sented as in the typical form. pay at ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 841 article: the fourth article is one and a half times longer than the first article. The first antenne extend to the end of the second article of the peduncle of the second antenne. The basal article of the second antenne is short, and, on the dorsal side, does not extend beyond the antero-lateral angles of the head; the second article extends to the end of the first pair of antenne; the third article is nearly three times as long as the second; the fourth and fifth are subequal, and each is one and a half times longer than the third. The flagellum is com- posed of ten articles, the last article termina- ting ina short spine. The second antenne are a little longer than the body, being 37 mm. in length. The maxilliped has a palp of five arti- cles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The first three segments of the thorax are subequal; the fourth is twice as long as any of the preceding ones; the fifth is about half as long as the fourth; the sixth and seventh are a little shorter than the fifth. The last three segments are each furnished with two low tubercles, one on either side of the median longitudinal line. The lateral parts of the first segment are expanded and surround the pos- terior portion of the head. The epimera on Fig. 369.—ARCTURUS BAFFINT VAR. TUBEROSUS (AFTER BENEDICT). 1i. the second, third, and fourth segments are small, narrow plates, dis- tinctly separated from the segments and placed on the antero-lateral angles; they are not visible in a dorsal view. The epimera of the last three segments are distinctly sep- arated from the segments and are visible in a dorsal view; they are large, broad plates with the exterior angles bluntly rounded. The first two segments of the abdomen are short, and each is provided with two low tubercles, one on either side of the median longitudinal line. The terminal segment is long, and produced to an ex- tremity which is somewhat acute. About the middle of the segment, on the dorsal surface, are two low Fic. 370.— ARCTURUS longitudinal ridges, one on either side of the median parrinrvar.tuser- line. ‘There is also at the base of the segment osus. MAxiturep. blunt projection, almost inconspicuous, on either x 15}. side of the lateral margin. The fest four pairs of legs are slender, directed forward, and densely covered with long, slender hairs on the inferior margins of all the articles. The first pair are much shorter than the three following 342 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. pairs. The last article in all four pairs is very minute; the three pre- ceding articles are long and narrow. The last three pairs of legs are ambulatory. Ortmann” says of this form: ** Very young individuals are always without spines, and thus young individuals always belong to the var. Feildeni (tuberosus), although their mother, to whose antenne they cling, may be a true bafin?. In larger individuals the spines are developed in a different degree, and there are all intermediate stages between the strongly spinous A. bafind and the almost smooth ment terminates in two long Zp .S divergent spines. There is a ?-X single spine on the lateral margin on either side about the middle of the segment, Ry ee ae ; ; Fig. 373.—PLEUROPRION INTERMEDIUM. X 10. and another near the base of the segment. The three anterior pairs of legs have each two spines on the coxal joint and one spine on the basis. The body increases in width from the first to the fourth segment, and then decreases in width from the fourth to the terminal segment. One specimen from Kyska Harbor, Aleutian Islands, 10 fathoms, collected by Dr. W. H. Dall. Type.—Cat. No. 22581, U.S.N.M. This species differs from 7. murdoch in the absence of spines on the third joint of the second pair of antennz; in the greater length of this joint in relation to the preceding joint; in the greater length of the two following joints; in the presence of a single spine on the anterior part of the head, while in 72. murdoch7 there are three, and of two spines on the posterior part, while in 2. murdochi there are four; in the absence of two small spines just below the constriction in the fourth segment; in the absence of the row of spines on the terminal segment of the body; and in the presence of two spines on the coxal joint and one on 346 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. the basal joint of the legs, while in ?. murdochi there is but one spine on the basal joint. This species is also distinguished from 7. hystrix in the presence of a single median spine on the anterior part of the head, while in P. hystrix there are two, one on either side of the median line and widely sepa- rated; in the presence of two spines on the posterior part of the head, while in 7??. Aystrir there are four; in the absence of the double row of spines on the terminal segment of the body; and in the absence of the spine at the articulation of the third joint of the second pair of antenne. Family XIV. IDOTHEID.? Body more or less broad, depressed. First pair of antennz with the flagellum uniarticulate. Second pair of antennze with the flagel- lum uniarticulate or multi-articulate. Mandibles without palps. Segments of thorax of uniform length and appearance. Epimera sometimes distinct and sometimes coalesced with the segments. Abdomen with some or all of the segments fused to form the large terminal segment. Legs usually nearly alike and ambulatory, but sometimes the three anterior pairs are pronouncedly subcheliform in structure. Incubatory pouch normal. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY IDOTHEIDZ. a. Sides of head emarginate or cleft and laterally produced beyond the eyes, which are dorsally situated. First three pairs of legs with the sixth article or propodus dilated and forming, with the reflexible dactylus, a subchelate hand. b. Palp of maxillipeds composed of five articles. Inner branch of uropoda’ minute. Species large: utes Sas sees cee eae etree Genus Mesidotea, new genus b’. Palp of maxillipeds composed of three articles. Inner branch of uropoda half as long as outer branch. Species small........-.-- Genus Chiridotea Harger a’. Sides of head in a dorsal view entire and not laterally produced. Eyes lateral. Legs all nearly alike, with the sixth article or propodus not expanded or but little expanded; seventh article prehensile. b. Flagellum of second pair of antennze well developed and multi-articulate. c. Abdomen (including the terminal segment) consisting of three segments with lateral sutures of another partly coalesced segment. Epimera of all the segments, from the second to the seventh, inclusive, well developed and distinct from the segments. d. Palp of maxillipeds with four articles............- Genus Idothea Fabricius d’, Palp of maxillipeds with five articles.....-.-- Genus Pentidotea, new genus , Abdomen consisting of one segment, with lateral sutures of another partly coalesced segment. d. Palp of maxillipeds with three articles. All the epimera coalesced and perfectly united with the segments.......--:--- Genus Synidotea Harger «@ Arcturus hystrix Sars. > See Sars for characters of family, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 78-79. oe ee ee ited Aileen | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 347 d’. Palp of maxillipeds with four articles. Epimera of second, third, and fourth segments coalesced and perfectly ‘united with the segments; those of the fifth, sixth, and seventh segments distinct and well developed. Genus Colidotea Richardson b’. Flagellum of second pair of antennze not multi-articulate. c. Second pair of antenne shorter than the first pair. Flagellum rudimentary Epimera of all the segments united with the segments. Abdomen com- posed of a single segment, with lateral incisions near the base. Maxillipeds with a palp of three articles.............-- Genus Hdotea Guérin-Méneville ce’, Second pair of antennze much longer than the first pair. Palp of maxillipeds usually composed of four articles. d. Abdomen consisting of a single segment. Flagellum of second antenne consolidated to form a single clavate article. e. Epimera of all the segments united with the segments except the last two, which are well developed and distinct. Lateral sutures at base of abdomen indicate another partly coalesced segment. Genus HMusymmerus Richardson e’. Epimera distinct on all the segments of the thorax, including the first. No lateral sutures at base of abdomen...-.Genus Hrichsonella Benedict @. Abdomen consisting of more than one segment. Flagellum of second pair of antennze consolidated to form a single article or composed of only two OTMINECCIALLICION Hs 5 jaeenc So ete eu secs x he Se Genus Cleantis Dana 57. Genus MESIDOTEA, new genus. 4 Palp of maxillipeds composed of five articles. Sides of head cleft. Eyes dorsally situated. Second pair of antenne with a multi-articu- late flagellum. Epimera of all the segments of the thorax, with the exception of the first, distinctly separated from the segments. Abdomen composed of four segments, with suture lines at the base of the fourth or terminal segment indicating another partly coalesced segment. First three pairs of legs prehensile, with propodus dilated and dactylus reflexed. Last four pairs of legs ambulatory. Inner branch of uropoda minute. Species large. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS MESIDOTEA. a. Articles of the peduncle of the second antennze not dilated; flagellum composed of from eight to fourteen articles. Antero-lateral cervical lobes prominent. BVieSspLeSeM Uys one ctrtoe some Ge okae wind Vesidotea entomon (Linnzeus ) aw. Articles of the peduncle of the second antennze greatly dilated; flagellum com- posed of from seven to eight articles. Antero-lateral cervical lobes not promi- Nene WyesvAsSOMt see eek okt tree ic te Mesidotea sabini (Kroyer) «This genus is proposed for the two forms, entomon and sabini, which haye been here- tofore referred to the genus Glyptonotus Eights, and more recently to the genus Chiri- dotea Harger. The genus Mesidotea differs from the genus G/yptonotus in having the epimera of all the segments of the thorax, with the exception of the first, distinctly separated from the dorsal portion of the segments. In Glyptonotus the epimera are separated on the last three segments only. The new genus differs from both Chiridotea Harger and Glyptonotus Fights in haying the palp of the maxillipeds composed of five articles instead of three. 345 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. MESIDOTEA ENTOMON (Linnzus).¢ Oniscus entomon Lixnxus, Syst. Nat., 12th ed., I, Pt. 2, 1767, p. 1060.—Paas, Spicil. Zool., IX, 1772, p. 64, pl. v, figs. 1-6. Squilla entomon De Geer, Mém. pour servir 4 P Hist. des Insectes, VI, 1778, p. 514, pl. xxxu, figs. 1-10. are Asellus entomon Ouivier, Encycl. Méth., IV, 1789, p. 253. (2?) Cymothoa entomon Fasricics, Ent. Syst., I, 1798, p. 505. Jdoiea entomon Bosc, Hist. Nat. des Crust., I, 1802, p. 178.—Latremmze, Hist. Nat. Crust. et Ins., VI, 1803-4, p. 361; VU, pl. tym, figs. 2-3.—(?) Lamarcr, Hist. des Anim. sans Vert., Ist ed. V, 1818, p. 159.—Ratuxe, Neuste Schriften der naturf. Gesellsch. in Danzig, I, 1820, p. 109, pl. 1v.—(?) Desmaresst, Consid. Crust., 1825, p. 289.—Kreyer, Vid. Selsk. Sknit., VII, 1838, p. 323.—Mitxne Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 128.—Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr., I], 1846-49, p. 402.—Wurrter, List Cr. Brit. Mus., 1847, p. 93.— Branpt, Crust. in Middendor?’s Sibirische Reise, I, 1851, p. 145. (2) Saduria entomon Adams in Wits, Sutherland’s Voy. Baffin’s Bay, Appendix, ~ 1852, p. 207. Idcixga longicauda Locgrxeton, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., VII, 1877, Pt. 1, p. 45. Idotea eniomon Merxert, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), XI, 1877, p. 84—Branpt, Comptes Rendus, 1880, p. 713; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., VI, 1880, p. 98. Glyptonoius entomon Miers, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XVI, 1883, pp. 12-13, pl. 1, figs. 1-2. (See Miers for further synonymy. )—RicHaxrpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XT, 1899, p. 843; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 262. Localities.—Cireumpolar: west coast of North America to Pacific Grove, California: Stockholm’s skargard (J. Lindahl); Kielerbucht, Germany: Nakvak, Labrador: Kara Sea. Found on beach; 5-8 fathoms in sand and gravel; 15 fathoms. Body ovate, broad anteriorly, and tapering to a narrow pointed extremity: about two anda half times longer than broad, 7 mm.:17 mm. Length of abdemen nearly equal to half the length of entire body. 8 mm.:17 mm. Lateral margins of head cleft. with the two lobes about equal in size, the anterior one more rounded in outline, the posterior one more acute; the posterior lobe is not produced at the sides beyond the ante- riorone. The front of the head is deeply excavate between the antero- lateral lobes, and there is a small median excavation. The eyes are distinct, small and round, compound in structure, dorsally placed at the base of the lateral cleft. The first antenne have the basal article enlarged, about twice as wide as the second article and very little longer: the third article is one and a half times longer than the second: the fourth article is justa little longer than the third. The first antennz extend to the middle of the fourth article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The basal article of the second antennz is almost inconspicuous: the second, third, and fourth articles are all short, about equal in length, although the second is nearly twice as wide as the two « The description is from a small specimen. In the adult the flagellum consists of more joints. eter ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 349 following, being as wide as the basal article; the fifth article is one and a half times longer than any of the three preceding ones. The 4 ’ FIG. 374.—MESIDOTEA ENTOMON (AFTER GERSTECKER). dd, DORSAL VIEW. 1i. 6b, MANDIBLE. ¢, MANDIBLE. d, VENTRAL VIEW. X14. e, LABIUM. J, MAXILLIPEDS. g, HALF OF TWO THORACIC SEGMENTS ABOUT THE MIDDLE, WITH ONE LEG. h, ABDOMEN (VENTRAL SIDE). 7, CROSS SECTION OF A THORACIC SEGMENT ABOUT THE MIDDLE. j, SECOND MAXILLA. k, FIRST MAXILLA. J, SECc- OND ANTENNA. m, FIRST ANTENNA. flagellum is composed of five articles, the tirst one being nearly three times as long as any of those following. The maxillipeds have a palp of five articles. 350 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The segments of the thorax are subequal, the first and the last being a little shorter than any of the intermediate ones. The epimera are dis- tinct on all the segments, from the second to the seventh, inclusive, and occupy the entire lateral margin. Those of the last five segments are greatly produced pos- teriorly in extremely long, acutely pointed processes, FIG. 375.—MESIDOTEA ENTOMON (AFTER MIERS). a, HEAD Fic. 376.—MESIDOTEA WITH BOTH ANTENNE. X §%. Db, OPERCULAR VALVE (IN- ENTOMON. MAXIL- NER SIDE). X §. : LIPED. X 203. increasing in length to the sixth segment; the epimeron of the seventh seoment is only about half as long as that of the sixth. The first three pairs of legs are subchelate, with propodus dilated, and dactylus reflexed. The inferior margin of the propodus is armed with long and short spines. The last four pairs of legs are ambulatory. The abdomen is composed of five segments, four short ones, followed by a long terminal segment, partly coalesced with the last short seg- ment. The sides of the terminal segment converge to a narrow pointed extremity, with indications of lateral angles about two-thirds the dis- tunce from the base to the extremity of the segment. The opercular valves are in two parts, a large upper portion and a very small ter- minal portion. Within the valyes on the underside is a small lobe attached to the terminal division and representing the inner branch of the modified uropoda. MESIDOTEA SABINI ( Kroyer.) Idotea sabini Krever, Nat. Tidsskr. (2), 1, 1846-49, p. 401.—Retynarpt, Natur. Bidrag til en Beskrivelse af Gronland, 1857, p. 34.—LitrKen, List of Crust. of Greenland in Arctic Manual, 1875, p. 149.—Sars, Arch. f. Math. og Naturvidensk., II, 1877, p. 350. Glyptonotus sabini Mirrs, Jour. Linn. Soc. London, X VI, 1883, pp. 15-17, pl. 1 figs. 3-5.—HAnsen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kjobenhaven, 1887-88, p. 187.—AxrL Onin, Akademisk Afhan- ding, XXII, 1895, pp. 13-14.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XJ, 1899, p. 844; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 268. Chiridotea sabini Steppina, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), V, 1900, p. 14.—RicHarp- son, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 226; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 538. Ee * ; <$ . ¢ § z ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 35] Localities.—Davis Straits; Repulse Bay, North America; Cape Dudley Digges; Cape Faraday; latitude 73° 43’ north, longitude 78° 48’ west; latitude 71° 31’ north, longitude 49° 12’ east; latitude 77° 14’ north, longitude 38° 26’ east; latitude 71° 57’ north, longitude 73 56’ west; latitude 71° 42’ north, longitude 73° west; latitude 66° 33’ north, longitude 61° 50’ west: Julianehaab and Ivsugigsok, Greenland; Cape Smyth, Alaska; Point Barrow, yy Alaska; Ooglaamie, | Alaska; Kara Sea; | circumpolar. : | Depth.—Surtace to 76 fathoms, in mud . on beach. Body narrow, elon- gate, broad anteri- Fic. 377.—MeEsipoTEa SABINI (AFTER MIERS). a, OPERCULAR orly and tapering cage eae SIDE). < 2. b, HEAD WITH BOTH PAIRS OF ANTEN- NE. x § gradually from the middle of the body to the long, pointed terminal segment. Length of body almost four times its greatest breadth, 11 mm.: 40 mm. Length of abdomen almost half the length of entire body, 19 mm. : 40 mm. These measurements are from a small specimen. Head with the lateral margins cleft, the posterior lobe being much the larger und produced some little distance beyond the anterior lobe. Front deeply excavate between the lateral lobes, with a small median excavationalso. Eyesabsent. First pair of antenne with the basal article large, triangular’ in shape, the broad posterior extremity tapering to a narrow apex at the anterior end; the second article is short, about half as long as the basal article; the third is twice as long as the second; the fourth is a little longer than the third. The first antenne extend to the third pe- duncular article of the second pair of antenne. The basal article of the second antenne is short, not reach- ing beyond the antero-lateral angles; the second article Fig. 878.—Mesiporea has the exterior margin produced in a rounded expan- sanINE xm Sion, and is twice as long as the basal article; the third article is only half as long as the second; the fourth isa little longer than the third, and has a large, round expanded process on the inferior margin and a small expansion on the exterior margin; the fifth article is about twice as long as the third, and is broadly expanded. ‘The flagellum consists of six articles. The second pair of antenne extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxilliped has a palp of five articles. 352 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ) The segments of the thorax are about equal in length. The epimera of all the segments from the second to the seventh, inclusive, are dis- tinct and occupy the whole of the lateral margin; they are large plates which in the last four segments are produced into very long, acutely pointed extremities. The first three pairs of legs are subchelate, with propopus expanded and dactylus reflexed. The last four pairs of legs are ambulatory. The inferior margin of the propodus in the first three pairs of legs is armed with numerous long spines alternating with several short ones. os Cag JP iG. 879.—MESIDOTEA SABINI (AFTER KR@YER). SHOWING DETAILED PARTS. The abdomen is composed of five segments, four short ones followed by a very long terminal one partly coalesced with the last short seg- ment. The terminal segment tapers to an extremely long, pointed extremity. About halfway from the base to the end of this segment is a slight indication of an angle on either side, possibly rudiments of lateral angles. The opercular valves are each in two parts, a large basal part and a short, narrow, pointed terminal part, the exterior branch; the inner branch is seen on the underside as a small oval lobe at the base on the exterior side of the other branch. 58. Genus CHIRIDOTEA Harger. Palp of maxillipeds composed of three articles. Sides of head cleft. Eyes dorsally situated. Second antenne with a multi-articulate flagel- lum. Epimera of all the segments of the thorax with the exception of the first distinctly separated from the segments. Abdomen com- ! | | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 13 posed of four segments with lateral sutures at the base of the fourth, or terminal segment, indicating another partly coalesced segment. First three pairs of legs prehensile, with propodus dilated and dac- tylus reflexed. Last four pairs of legs ambulatory. Inner branch of uropoda half as long as inner branch. Species small. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CHIRIDOTEA. a. First pair of antennze extend beyond the peduncle of the second antennie. Sec- ond antennze short, extending only to the anterior margin of the first thoracic segment. Front of head not excavate between the antero-lateral lobes, but slightly excavate in the middle of the anterior margin... .Chiridotea cxca (Say ) b. First pair of antennze extend to the middle of the fifth article of the peduncle of the second antennze. Second antennie long, extending to the posterior margin of the sixth thoracic segment. Front of head deeply excavate between therantero-lateraleanoles=< m2) 22 eee see see a Chiridotea tuftsii (Stimpson ) CHIRIDOTEA CECA (Say). Idotea cxca Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 424.—Mrine Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 131.—Guerrrn, Iconog., Crust., 1848, p. 35.— HarcGer with Verriui, Report U. 8. Com- missioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 1, 1873, p. 569 (275), pl. v, fig. 22. Chiridotea ceca Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci., XV, IS7S> Pe oits Eroc..U. Ss Nat. Mus: 1, 1879, p. 159; Report U.S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 338-340, pl. iv, figs. 16-19. Glyptonotus cecus Miers, Jour. Linn. Soe. London, X VI, 1883, pp. 17-18. Chiridotea ceca RiIcHARD- son, American Natu- ralist, XX XIV, 1900, Dee 2265) Proce US: Nat. Mus:; XXIII, 1901, p. 539. Localities. —F lorida; FIG. 380.—CHIRIDOTEA CECA (AFTER New Haven, Connecti- ae cut; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; Tarpaulin Cove, Naushon; S. W. end of Campobello, New Brunswick; Cohasset, Massachusetts; Long Island Sound; Vine- : yard Sound; Nantucket, Provincetown, Nahant, Mas- me. Sh uEe™™* sachusetts; Halifax, Nova Scotia; New England coast. x 512. Depth.—Surtace; low water; shore; swimming in fish weir; sand. Body ovate, broad and short, tapering to a pointed extremity; twice as long as broad, 4 mm.:8 mm. Length of abdomen, one-half the length of entire body, 4 mm. :8 mm. 28589—-05 23 354 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ’ The lateral margins of the head are cleft, the anterior lobe being smaller than the posterior, which projects at the sides beyond the anterior one. The front of the head is not excavate between the antero-lateral lobes, but on the contrary is expanded beyond them. There is a pronounced median excavation, in the center of which is a median point. The eyes are small, round, compound in structure, dorsally placed at the base of the post-lateral lobe. The first antennee have the basal article very short and not dilated; second article a little longer than the first; third and fourth equal in length and each about twice as long as the first. The first antenne extend a little beyond the end of the peduncle of the second antenne. The basal article of the second antenne is inconspicuous from a dorsal view; the second, third, and fourth articles are subequal; the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The flagellum consists of five articles. When retracted, the second antenne reach the anterior margin of the first thoracic seoment. The maxillipeds have a palp of three articles. The segments of the thorax are equal in length. The epimera are separated dorsally from the first three segments, but are not acutely produced posteriorly. The epimera of the last four segments are also distinct, and are produced into acutely pointed processes. The first three pairs of legs are subchelate, with propodus expanded, the dactylus short and reflexed. The last four pairs of legs are ambu- latory. All the legs are thickly beset with spines and hairs along the free margins. The abdomen is composed of four segments, three short ones fol- lowed by a long-pointed terminal one, with lateral sutures of another partly coalesced segment. The apex of the terminal segment is acute and its lateral margins near the extremity are denticulate. The sides of the abdomen taper gradually to about the middle and then converge more rapidly to the apex, forming slight angles on either side halfway from the base to the apex. The opercular valves are in two parts, the small terminal part rep- resenting the outer branch of the uropoda. The inner branch is rep- resented on the under side attached to the basal portion on the exterior side. CHIRIDOTEA TUFTSII (Stimpson). Idotea tuftsii Stimpson, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p. 39.—Harcer with Verritt, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisher- ies, Pt. 1, 18738, p. 340 (46); p. 569 (275).—VeERRILL, Proc. Amer. Assoc., 1874, p. 362. : Chiridotea tuftsii Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci., XV, 1878, p. 374; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 159; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 340-341, pls. Iv, figs. 20-23. Glyptonotus tuftsii Miners, Jour. Linn. Soe. London, X VI, 1885, pp. 18-19. Chiridotea tuftsii RicHARDSON, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 226; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X-XTIT, 1901, p. 539. aati, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 355 Localities.—Bay of Fundy; Long Island Sound; Massachusetts Bay; Casco Bay, Maine; Princes Cove, Eastport; Halifax, Nova Scotia; near Halfing Rock, channel outside Bakers Island. Depth.—Surface to 25 fathoms, in fine sand. Body ovate, less than twice as long as wide, 3$ mm.:6 mm. Head twice as wide as long, 1 mm.:2mm., with the front deeply excavate between the antero-lateral angles, and produced in a small median point. The sides of the head, where the lateral margin is free, are cleft, the posterior lobe formed by the cleft margin being produced -laterally beyond the anterior lobe. The posterior portion of the head is deeply set in the first thoracic segment. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated just within the cleft on the lateral margin. The first pair of antenne have the basal article large and somewhat dilated; the . e athe 'g FIG. 382.—CHIRIDOTEA TUFTSII second article is one and a half times longer (hedee rane), than the first; the third is one and a half times longer than the second; the fourth is as long as the third. The first antenne extend to the middle of the fifth article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The second antenne have the basal article short, and concealed in a dorsal view; the second article is twice as long as the first; the third is a little shorter than the second; the fourth is about as long as the second; the fifth is as long as the third and fourth taken together. The flagellum is composed of 11 or 12 articles in one specimen, of 14 in another specimen, and extends to the posterior margin of the sixth thoracic seg- ment. The palp of the maxillipeds is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax has the antero- lateral parts produced forward to surround the pos- terior half of the head. The epimera are distinctly Fig. 388.—Curtripotea separated in all the segments, with the exception Stes: MASTUPEP. of the first, and are wide plates, with the outer post- lateral angles of the last four acutely produced. The abdomen is composed of four distinct segments, the fourth or terminal segment being 25 mm. in length and one-half mm. wide at the base, and having lateral sutures, indicative of another partly coa- lesced segment. It is acutely produced at its posterior extremity. The first three pairs of legs are prehensile, the last four pairs ambulatory. ¢ f 356 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 59. Genus IDOTHEA Fabricius 1799. Flagellum of second antenne multi-articulate. Maxillipeds with a palp composed of four articles. Epimera of all the segments of the thorax. with the exception of the first, distinctly separated from the seoments. Abdomen composed of three segments, witha suture line on either side at the base of the terminal segment, indicating another partly coalesced segment. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS IDOTHEA. a. Body slender, linear, filiform. >. Terminal segment of body truncate at its posterior extremity; post-lateral an- leon anak, qunpeisnen 5 52 ss Idothea gracillima (Dana) b’. Terminal segment of body not truncate at its extremity; post-lateral angles prominent. c. Post-lateral angles of terminal segment prominent and separated by a notch from the triangular middle portion. ; d. Terminal segment with middle portion obtuse and produced at the apex in a small point. Lateral angles obtuse_-_---_- -Idothea urcioma Stimpson d’. Terminal segment with middle portion of posterior extremity very acutely produced. Lateral angles acute_-_--..------ Idothea fewkesi, new species c’. Post-lateral angles not separated by a notch from the subtriangular middle portion, which does not bear a tooth at the middle; the line from the apex to the lateral angle is straight..-------------- Idotiva rectilinea Lockington a’. Body oblong-ovate. b. Terminal segment of body truncate at its extremity ------ Idothea metallica Bose i)’. Terminal segment of body not truncate at its extremity. c. The epimera of all the segments, from the second to the seventh inclusive, occupy the entire lateral margins of the segments. -IJdothea baltica (Pallas) e’. The epimera of all the segments of the thorax, from the second to the seventh inclusive, do not occupy the entire lateral margins of the segments. d. Terminal segment of body with distinct and prominent post-lateral angles. Basal article of the first pair of antennz very much dilated. Idothea ochotensis Brandt d’. Terminal segment of body without distinct post-lateral angles, the sides of the abdomen tapering toa pointed extremity. Basal article of first pair of antenne not dilated._.-...----------- Idothea phosphorea Harger IDOTHEA GRACILLIMA (Dana). Stenosoma gracillmum Daxa, Proc. Aead. Nat. Sei. Phila., VII, 1854, p. 175.— Srimpsox, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., VI, 1857, p. 505. Ido‘hea gracillima Miers, Jour. Linn. Soc. London, X VI, 1885, p. 35.—Ricnarp- sox, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 844; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), 1V, 1899, p. 264: American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 226; Harriman Alaska Expedition, Crust., X, 1904, pp. 216-218; Proc. U. §. Nat. Mus., XXVII, 1904, pp. 661-663. Localities. California: Bolinas, California. The description of this species given by Professor Dana is very short and rather vague. He describes the body as extremely slender and ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 357 filiform, the thoracic segments subquadrate, head quadrate. He refers to the linear post-abdomen, which is truncated at the apex, three- jointed, and marked on either side with a suture. The antenne are described as being a little shorter than alf 7, with a ten- velve- ae Set h lf the body, with a ten- to twelve Fw KP Pte, jointed flagellum. fr y A species of /dothea was sent to the U.S. National Museum by Doctor Rit- ter. The specimens, which are eight in number, were collected by him at Boli- nas, California. They are more closely allied to 7. gracillima than to any other known species of /dothea from the Pacific coast of North America. Until evidence can be given of their distinctness, I shall consider them identical with /. gracd- Jima (Dana). Body slender, about seven times longer than wide.“ with the sides nearly parallel. Surface entirely smooth. Color in aleohol uniformly pinkish. . c Tdotea aquatica LATREILLE, Eneycl. Méth., Pt. 24, 1818, p. 6, pl. ccexxvitt, figs. i , . 3 21-22. Asellus vulgaris DesmArEst, Consid. Generales sur la classe des Crustacés, 1825 g ; p. 313, pl. xix, figs. 1-2 Asellus groénlandicus ? Kroyer, Kongelige danske videnskabernes Selskabs g naturvidenskabelige og mathematiske Afhandlinger, VII, 1838, p. 318. Asellus aquaticus GUERIN-MENEVILLE, Iconographie du Ragae nina de Cuvier, pl. ur, fig. 8.—Sars, Histoire naturelle des Crustacés @eau douce de la Norvége, 1867, p. 46, pls. vii-x. Asellus grénlandicus Packarb, Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1, 1867, p. 296. Asellus aquaticus BATE and WrEstwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, p. 841.— 1 d J ’ ? 2, Bovauuius, Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad., Handl., XI, No. 15, 1886, pp. 7-10. (See Bovallius for full synonymy. ) Asellus groniandicus? HANSEN, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening 1 Kjabenhayn, 1887-88, p. 190. Asellus aquaticus G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, I1, 1899, p. 97 Localities. —Greenland (Fabricius); Greenland (Kroyer); Labrador at Square Island and Hopedale (Packard); ponds and streams all over Europe. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 499 This species has three times been recorded from Greenland. O. Fabricius recorded it as Oniscus aqguaticus. Kroyer records it as Asellus grénlandicus? He says of it:” This species is without doubt the one mentioned by Fabricius under No. 227, and which he himself did not see, although it does not appear to be rare. It approaches so closely our Asellus vulgaris that it is extremely difficult to find sufficient distin- guishing characters in the two. Noram I entirely certain that I have found such distinguishing characters, and therefore hesitatingly give this animal as a distinct species, although it seems almost incredible to me that the fresh waters of both Europe and Greenland should be inhabited by the identical species of Asellus. Hansen” says of Ase/lus gronlandicus that it is probably not different from Asellus aquaticus. Packard records it from Greenland as Ase//us grénlandicus. Specimens collected in Greenland, sent to me from the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University and labeled Ase//us gronlandicus, do not differ in any respect from Asel/us aquaticus as described and figured by G. O. Sars. Body narrow, elongate, nearly three times as long as wide, 3 mm: 8} mm., narrower anteriorly and becoming wider posteriorly. 8 mm. is its greatest breadth. Head about twice as wide as long, 1 mm:2 mm., with the anterior margin slightly excavate. Lateral margins entire, with a small lobe on either side near the posterior margin. Eyes small, distinct, com- posed of only three or four ocelli and situated close to the lateral margin, halfway between the anterior and posterior margins. The first pair of antenne have the basal article large and dilated; the second article is half as wide and but little longer; the third article is two- thirds the length of the second. The flagellum is composed of eleven articles and extends to the end of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The second pair of antenne have the first two articles short and subequal; the third is one and a half times longer than the second; the fourth article is nearly as long as the first three taken together; the fifth is one and two-thirds times as long as the fourth. The flagel- lum is composed of about forty-four articles, and extends to the pos- terior margin of the fifth thoracic segment. It measures 6 mm. in length. The first segment of the thorax has the epimera conspicuous and situated in the antero-lateral corners. In the second and third seg- ments they are small and almost inconspicuous lobes situated at the antero-lateral corners of the segments. In the fourth segment they are small and inconspicuous and situated just below the antero-lateral « Kongelige danske videnskabernes Selskabs naturvidenskabelige og mathematiske Afhandlinger, VII, 1838, p. 318. » Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening 1 Kj@benhayn, 1887-88, p. 190. 430 BULLETIN o4, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUS KUM. FIG. 486.—ASELLUS AQUATICUS (AFTER ANTENN. c¢c, UPPER LIP, DIBLE. SARS). d, LOWER LIp. h, PALP OF MANDIBLE. PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. a, DORSAL VIEW. or FEMALE. e, LEFT MANDIBLE. i, SECOND MAXILLA. m, FIRST LEG. Pp, FOURTH PLEOPOD OF FEMALE, t. FIFTH PLEOPOD oF FEMALE. b, FIRST AND SECOND J, FIRST MAXILLA. J, RIGHT MAN- J, LEFT MANDIBLE. |, MAXILLIPED. J, FIRst n, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. 0, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. q, UROPOD, 7, ABDOMEN OF FEMALE. 8, FIRST LEG OF MALE. u, THIRD PLEOPOD or FEMALE. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 43] angle of the segment. In the fifth segment they are large and con- spicuous and situated about the middle of the lateral margin. In the sixth and seventh segments they are large and conspicuous and sit- uated in the posterior corners of the segments. The abdomen is composed of two short segments, followed by the large terminal segment, which has the posterior margin produced in a large triangular median lobe between the large post-lateral expansions. The peduncle of the uropoda is twice as long as wide. The branches are of equal length and two and a half times longer than the peduncle. The first pair of legs are subchelate. The propodus in the male has the inferior margin near the proximal end produced in a rounded expansion, bearing three long spines. The inferior margin of the dactylus is furnished with spines along the entire margin. All the other legs are ambulatory, with dactylus uni-unguiculate. ASELLUS TOMALENSIS Harford. Asellus tomalensis HARForRD, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., VII, Pt. 1, 1877, pp. 54-55.— RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXI, 1899, p. 856; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 322; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 297; Harriman Alaska Exp., Crust., X, 1904, pp. 224-226; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, pp. 668-669.—Hormes, Proe. Cal. Acad. ‘Sei. (3), LI, 1904, pp. 321-323, pl. xxxvit, figs. 39-42. Localities.—VYomales Bay, California; Lake Washington, Seattle. The description of this form is given in the following concise manner: Head a little transverse, narrower than the body. Upper antenna not reaching to the extremity of the peduncle of the lower. Flagellum of lower antennz longer than its peduncle. Body narrow in front, gradually increasing in width toward the tail. Peduncle of caudal appendages more than half the length of the terminal fila- ments. Length 3°; inch. The description is from a single specimen. Kight specimens of a species of Ase//us were collected by the Harri- man Alaska Expedition at Lake Washington, Seattle. I have referred them to the above species, being unwilling to describe a new species of Ase//us from a locality so close to that from which A. tomalens/s was found, when so little is known about A. foma/ensis. Some of the specimens were sent to Dr. William E. Ritter for comparison with the type and only specimen of 4. fomalens/s in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. The result of his comparison is given in the following quotation from his letter: About the only difference that I am able to make out is in the fact that the inner ramus of the sixth pleopods (uropods?) of A. tomalensis is about half as long as the exopodite, and that neither is armed with a tuft of hairs at the tip. This is the case with the one appendage present, but its mate is gone. It is possible that the hair tuft may have been broken off, but the tips of the rami themselves are perfectly smooth. They show no evidence of having lost anything. The fact, however, that 432 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. the general hairiness of the Academy specimen is about the same as that of your specimen makes me suspicious that the tuft referred to has been removed. The antenne and antennules differ in no essential respect, so far as I can see. The chelipeds of the type specimen I am, unfortunately, unable to find. FIG. 487.—ASELLUS TOMALENSIS. x 9. distinet and visible from a eral angles of the segment. In the second and third seg- Description. —Body narrow, elongate, gradually widening somewhat from the anterior to the posterior extremity. Head but little narrower than the first thoracic segment and about twice as wide as long; frontal margin slightly excavate and without median process between the antenne; lateral margins straight, with a small lobe on either side near the base of the head. Eyes lateral, situated in the median transverse line. First pair of an- tenn reach the extremity of the peduncle of the second pair of antennze; flagellum consists of about> ten joints. Second pair of antennz are about two-thirds the length of ss the body; the flagellum con- sists of about 55 joints. The first segment of the thorax has the epimeral lobes FiG.488.—ASEL- dorsal view at the antero-lat- Lvs TomaLen- S28; MAN- DIBLE. ments the epimera are bilobed and occupy the anterior portion of the lateral margins. In the fourth segment the epimeron Fig. 489.—ASELLUS TOMALENSIS. LEG OF FIRST x 205. PAIR. is a small lobe situated at the antero-lateral extremity of the segment. In the fifth and sixth segments the epimeron is a small lobe about the middle of the lateral margin. In the seventh segment it has more of a pos- terior position on the lateral margin. The abdomen is broad, with the sides nearly parallel. Posteriorly it is produced in the center in a large tri- angularly shaped lobe with rounded apex. The uro- poda are slender appendages; the peduncle is somewhat shorter than the branches. The inner branch is about a fifth longer than the outer branch. The margins of all the segments, the uropods, and the legs are fringed with hairs. The legs of the first pair are subcheliform; the pro- podus is elliptical in outline, with the inferior margin straight, The other legs are similar and ambulatory in character, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 4a The color of the species is a light brown, somewhat mottled. Prot. 5. J. Holmes describes the type specimen“ of this species, which I have not been fortunate enough to obtain for examination. The description given above is from specimens collected at Lake Washington, Seattle, and which I still do not think differ from the type as described by Professor Holmes in any essential characters. The type specimen is imperfect, one uropod being gone and the other with the inner branch partly regenerated. The specimens which Professor Holmes collected at Point Arena have ‘caudal stylets shorter than the abdomen,” as is also true of my specimens, and he considers the Point Arena specimens as young specimens of this species. A slight difference in the length of the antenne often occurs among the individuals of a species where the flagellum is multi-articulate. It may be due to a difference in sex or a difference in age. The only important difference is in the fact that the three last see- ments of the thorax are entire in the type, as described by Professor Holmes, whereas they are posteriorly notched in the specimens from Lake Washington. The margins of the segments often appear entire when the emargination is filled by the epimeron, so that without having seen the type I would be unwilling to give a new name to the specimens from Lake Washington, which are otherwise in so close agreement with Professor Holmes’s description. 69. Genus CAZXCIDOTEA Packard. Bedy narrow, elongate. Eyes wanting. Head large, not narrower than the first thoracic segment and longer. Terminal segment of body much longer than broad. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS C/ECIDOTEA. a. Propodus of first pair of legs armed with one or more triangular processes. b. Propodus of first pair of legs armed with two long triangular processes and three short ones. Uropoda about as long as the terminal segment of the body; the inner branch of the uropoda is two-thirds as long as the peduncle; the outer branch is two-thirds as long as the inner branch - --. Ccidotea stygia Packard b’, Propodus of first pair of legs armed with a triangular process near the distal end and with a longspine at the proximal extremity. Uropodashorter than terminal abdominal segment, about one-half its length; the peduncle is as long as the inner branch; the outer branch is one-fourth shorter than the inner pret Ghi: Ses Far eae pecs teary ad te is PA Cacidotea nickajackensis Packard Propodus of first pair of legs not armed with triangular processes, but edged inside with spines. b. First pair of antennze, with flagellum composed of eleven articles, extend one- third the length of the fifth article of the peduncle of the second antennz. aie “Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (3), III, 1904, pp. 321-323, 28 28589—05 434 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Second antennee longer than the body; flagellum composed of about eighty- Six SANDE articles. The lateral margins of the thoracic segments are straight and not produced into lobes. The epimera are not separated off from the segments. The abdomen is composed of a single large segment, rounded pos- teriorly, with a small median excavation for the reception of the uropoda. The uropoda are short, not extending beyond the extremity of the abdomen, and situated within its posterior excavation. The outer branch is a little smaller and shorter than the inner branch. All the legs are ambulatory, with tri-unguiculate dactyli. JAERA WAKISHIANA Spence Bate. Jexra wakishiana SPENCE Barer, Lord’s Naturalist in British Columbia, II, 1886, p. 282.—C. Bovauutus, Bihang till K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., XI, 1886, No. 15, p. 49.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 857; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), 1V, 1899, p. 328; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 298. Locality.—Esquimault Harbor, British Columbia. ** Posteriorem marginem pleonis habens bis excavatum cuspide inter- media supra cuspidatos margines non producta; antenne inferiores non possunt extendere supra quintum segmentum; pereionis posteriora ple- opoda non longiora quam posteriori margo latus est. 452 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ** Anterior margin of the cephalon nearly straight; pereion having the sides subparallel, the greatest width being at the sixth segment; pleon having a double excavation on the posterior margin, the central point not extending beyond the extremity of the sides. Superior antennx reaching to the extremity of the fourth segment of the infe- rior; inferior antenne nearly two-thirds of the length of the animal. Posterior pair of pleopoda as long as the posterior margin of the pleon, terminating in two styliform rami, each of which is tipped with a few short hairs. ‘This species was taken from a sponge dredged in about eight fathoms of water in Esquimault Harbor. ‘The specific name is derived from the circumstance of the animal having been found on the territory of the tribe of Wakish Indians.”— SPENCE Bate.4 72. Genus CARPIAS Richardson. Head without rostrum; frontal margin straight. Both pairs of antenne multi-articulate; the second pair much longer than the body, ° and with a scale-like appendage articulated to the peduncle. Uropoda long, much longer than abdomen. The first pair of legs in the male are prehensile and remarkably long, being one and two-thirds times the length of the body; they are greatly enlarged distally, forming a broad club-like hand armed with triangular processes, to which is articulated a movable finger, the propodus, likewise armed with triangular processes. The ambulatory legs are simple, bi-unguiculate, and are of normal structure. CARPIAS BERMUDENSIS Richardson. Carpias bermudensis RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 294-295, pl. xu, fig. 41; pl. xxxrx, figs. 42-45. Locality.—Bermudas. Surface of body smooth. Color yellow, with arborescent markings ot black. Head narrower than first thoracic segment, with lateral margins rounded, entire. Frontal margin straight, antero-lateral angles not produced, rounded. Eyes large, with many ocelli, and situated on the lateral margins of the head. The first pair of antenne have the basal segment of the peduncle enlarged, the next two segments successively narrower, all about equal in leneth; the flagellum is multi-articulate, composed of about four- teen joints. The second pair of antenne have a scale-like appendage outside of the third joint; the fifth and sixth joints are long, the sixth «Lord’s Naturalist in British Columbia, II, 1886, p. 282. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 4538 a little longer than the fifth; the flagellum is much longer than the body, and is composed of about one hundred joints. The first thoracic segment is wider than the head; the lateral mar- gins are straight, entire. The second and third segments have the lateral margins excavate, the anterior and posterior angles produced, with the epimeron situated in the excavation. The fourth segment has the anterior angle produced, the epimeron being situated in the excavation of the entire posterior part of the segment. The fifth, sixth, and seventh segments have the lateral margins entire, the epimeron showing at the posterior part of the segment. Fig. 505.—CARPIAS BERMUDENSIS. a, MANDIBLE. 58. b, SECOND MAXILLA. X 58. ¢, FIRST LEG OF MALE. xX 303. d, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. X 182. ¢€, MAXILLIPED. X 58. f, FIRST MAXILLA. X 58. The terminal segment of the body is about as broad as long, the entire margin smooth, with a small rounded lobe between the basal joints of the uropoda. The uropoda are very long, much longer than the abdominal seg- ment. The basal joint is about two-thirds the length of the abdominal segment, and is narrower at the base than at the apex. The two branches are of nearly equal length, the outer one being slightly shorter, and they are longer than the basal joint. The first pair of legs in the male are remarkably long, being one and two-thirds times the length of the body, and are prehensile. The basis is as long as the width of the first thoracic segment, and has the 454 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. distal end very much enlarged and inflated. The ischium is not more than half the length of the basis. The merus is a little longer than the basis, and is enlarged at its distal end. The carpus is very much elongated, is longer than the ischium, is greatly enlarged distally, and has its upper distal margin armed with three large triangularly-shaped processes. The propodus has the inner surface armed with two long, sharp, triangular processes, its distal end being widely expanded and rounded on the inner surface. The dactylus is bi-ungui- culate. The other legs are of normal structure, ambu- latory in character, and bi-unguiculate. In the female the first pair of legs are similar in struc- h ture and size to the other legs. A number of individuals were collected by Dr. George Brown Goode at the Bermudas. Type specimens in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3203. a 73. Genus JANIROPSIS ‘GO. Sars Head without rostrum. Lateral parts of thoracic segments but slightly expanded, not laciniate. Eyes well developed. First pair of antenns comparatively small, with the flagellum composed of only a limited num- ber of articles. Second pair of antenne of moderate length; antennal scale very small, but Fig. 506.—CARPIAS BERMUD- distinctly defined. eee eee Maxillipeds with the second and third articles OF MALE. < 58. 6b, SECOND 5 PLEOPOD oF mats. x58. Of the palp very much expanded, laminar. ¢, FEMALE operculum. T)istal extremity of the peduncle and the — branch of the first pleopoda in the male fused and produced and dilated at the tip. Uropoda short, about helf as long as abdomen. Legs bi-unguiculate. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS JANIROPSIS. a. Head with a prominent rounded median lobe on the anterior margin. Terminal segment of body narrowly rounded, and with a small median lobe between the uropoda: nollateral lobess:=2e==21 52 seee- Janiropsis californica Richardson a.’ Frontal margin of head nearly straight, without a median lobe. Terminal seg- ment of body posteriorly produced in three lobes, a broadly rounded median lobe and an acute lateral lobe on either side of the median lobe. Janiropsis kincaidi Richardson “See Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 102. . ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 455 JANIROPSIS CALIFORNICA Richardson. Janiropsis californica Ricuarpson, Harriman Alaska Exp., Crust., X, 1904, pp. 223-224; Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X X VII, 1904, pp. 666-667. Locality.—Sausalito, California. Body narrow, elongate; surface smooth; color uniformly whitish. Head with a prominent rounded median lobe on the anterior margin; lateral angulations rounded; lateral margins straight % a . + sae y $ and converging toward the base. Eyes black, distinct, = “\ Vi but small, and simple in structure. First pair of X f antenne are composed of six joints and extend nearly A to the middle of the fifth joint of the peduncle of the second pair of antennz. Second pair of antennz are about equal to one-third the length of the body; the flagellum is composed of nineteen or twenty joints. The first thoracic segment is but little wider than _ the head; the margins are entire, lateral lobes rounded. — - The second segment has the lateral margin straight, with the epimeron showing slightly along the edge. The third and fourth segments have the antero-lateral — Fic. 507.—Jantrop- lobe rounded, the posterior margin straight, with the Se cae eee epimeron showing asa rounded lobe. The fifth, sixth, Ff BopY. x 27. and seventh segments have rounded lateral margins, with epimera showing on the posterior part of the segments. Terminal segment rounded posteriorly with smooth margins, and a median lobe between the uropoda. Uropoda very short, about half as long as the ter- minal segment. Branches about equal in length and twice as long as the peduncle. Legs simple, ambulatory, similar in shape and size, and bi-unguiculate. Ate pene Only two good specimens, both females, were taken at sees awe Sausalito, California, by Doctor Ritter and party. Two parr or sopy. imperfect specimens also are from the same locality. ‘ Until now the only other known species of this genus Kelle was Janiropsis breviremus Sars.“ As that author has pointed out, this genus differs from /an/ra, to which it is very closely related, in the much shorter uropoda; in the shorter second pair of antennz; in the structure of the first pair of antennee, which have the flagellum com- posed of only a restricted number of articulations; in the structure of the first pair of legs in the male, these being ** remarkably developed, prehensile, much longer than any of the other pairs, with the carpal joint fusiformly dilated;” in the female, however, this pair does not differ from the other legs, all being ambulatory in character. «Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, p. 98. 456 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. JANIROPSIS KINCAIDI Richardson. Janiropsis kincaidi Ricnarpson, Harriman Alaska Exp., Crust., X, 1904, pp. 221-222; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X X VII, 1904, pp. 665-667. Locality.—Y akutat, Alaska. Color of body light brown, profusely and densely covered with black markings. Head wider than long; frontal margin nearly straight, with lateral angles rounded. LEyes large, black, situated some little distance from the lateral margin. First pair of antenne short; flagellum consisting of only eight joints in the female, of ten in the male. Second pair of antennz lost in all the specimens. Maxillipeds with palp consisting of five joints, the first three of which are very much Fig. 509.—JANIROPSIS KIN- — jjated. cAIDI. MAXILLIPED. Z , <7, The first segment of the thorax has the lateral margins straight; the epimera are rather bilobed, and occupy most of the lateral margin of the segment. The second, third, fourth, and fifth segments have the antero-lateral an- gles produced into rounded lobes. The epimera of the second and third segments are situated about the middle of the Jateral margin; those of the fourth and ae aS fifth segments occupy more of a pos- SS aaa terior i iti the lat a] marci F1e.510.—J ANIROPSIS e erior position on the lateral margin. “ ixcarpr. x 202, Che epimera of the last two segments are situated at the post-lateral angles of the segments. | The abdomen is broad, gradually be- o coming somewhat narrower toward the ee posterior extremity. The posterior mar- 2 ~~~ gin is produced in three lobes, two lateral Fig. 511.—Jantror- lobes, one on either side of a broadly Nast tnorsee rounded median lobe; the two lateral srementT, aBpo- Jobes are acute. The uropoda are short, MEN, AND URO- a pom ae not longer than half the length of the terminal segment of the body; the basal segment is broad, quadrate in shape, and shorter than *1G01-T\smor either branch; the inner branch is somewhat longer than — uropop. x 77. _ the outer one. The first pleopoda in the male are very similar to the figure given by Sars“ of the first pleopoda in the type species of the genus, SUNTOPStS breviremus. The distal extremity of the peduncle and the branch are produced and fused. «Crustacea of Norwor. IT, 1899, p. 102. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 457 Nine specimens were obtained by the Harriman Expedition at Yakutat, Alaska. They were collected by Mr. T. Kincaid, after whom the species is named. Five females and four males were collected. The legs of the first pair in the male are not greatly longer than the others; they are longer in the type species of Jan7ropsis. The very short superior antenne with a b c Fic. 513.—JANIROPSIS KINCAIDI. a, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. b,SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. ¢, THIRD PLEO- POD OF MALE. ALL x 41. Fig. 514.—JANIROPSIS KINCAIDI. 4, LEG OF FIRST PAIR. xX 27. 06, LEG OF SECOND PAIR. X 27. few articulations, the greatly dilated joints of the maxillipeds, the form and shape of the peduncle of the first pleopoda in the male, which has the distal extremity fused with the branch and produced and dilated at the tip, and the shortness of the uropoda, which are only half the length of the terminal segment of the body, are characters which undoubtedly place this species with /anropsis Sars. Typée.—Cat. No. 28,717, U.S.N.M. 74. Genus IOLELLA, new name.@ Head usually with prominent rostral projection. Lateral parts of head usually produced into very prominent, acute lappets. Seements of thorax with the lateral parts laciniate and produced. Terminal segment of body forming posteriorly on each side a tri- angular expansion. Other characters as in Janira. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS IOLELLA. a. Segments of thorax with spines or tubercles on the dorsal surtace. b. Rostrum as long as head. Flagellum of first pair of antennze composed of twelve articles, shorter than the breadth of the head. Flagellum of second pair of antennze composed of fifty articles. First thoracic segment shorter than the second. Second and third segments equal, and longest, much longer than the seventh. Terminal segment smooth on dorsal side, without spine- like tubercle. Peduncles of uropoda longer than post-lateral angulations of RETIN Ly SOOT CMibes seas eee eta alors ae asaya tesla sie =r= Tolella spinosa (Harger ) aIna recent letter, Doctor Ortmann informed me that Tole was a typographical error for Jole, and asked me to correct the mistake in this paper. As Jo/e, however, is preoccupied, haying been proposed by Pascoe (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, new series, LV, 1858, p. 254) for a genus of Coleoptera, I suggest the new name, Jolella. In Marshall and Scudder, instead of I, J has been used for Jole, although I is given in the original reference. (See Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 100-101. ) 45& BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. b’, Rostrum much longer than head. Flagellum of first pair of antennee composed of sixty to seventy articles, nearly as long as the breadth of the head. Fla- gellum of second pair of antennze composed of two hundred and eighty articles. First thoracic segment as long as second. Seventh segment longest. Termi- nal segment of body, with a single spine-like tubercle on its dorsal side. Peduncle of uropoda shorter than post-lateral angulations of terminal seg- ment’ of bodys 222 .2se. Sas eo ete ee ee Tolella speciosa ( Bovallius ) a, Segments of thorax smooth on the dorsal surface. 6. Head with prominent rostrum. c. Lateral margins of head produced into two angulations. Terminal segment of body with central and post-lateral lobes acute, triangular. Lolella triangulata ( Richardson ) c’. Lateral margins of head produced in one angulation. Terminal segment of body with central and post-lateral lobes rounded. d, Lateral angulations of head long, about as long as rostrum. Median lobe of pleon about as wide and long as post-lateral lobes. Lolella ibbeyi (Ortmann ) d’, Lateral angulations of head short, much shorter than rostrum. Median lobe of pleon much narrower and shorter than post-lateral lobes. Lolella alascensis Benedict, new species b’. Head without rostrum, in place of which is small median point. c. Antero-lateral angles of head acutely produced. Sides of head not produced. Epimera of second, third, and fourth segments of thorax consisting each of a single lobe. Terminal segment of body with post-lateral angles rounded. Tolella erostrata (Richardson ) c. Antero-lateral angles of head not produced. Sides of head produced. Epi- mera of second, third, and fourth segments of thorax bifurcate. Terminal segment of body with post-lateral angles acute. d. Sides of head produced in a bifureate process. Terminal segment of body with one large median lobe between the post-lateral angles. Tolella holmesi ( Richardson) d’, Sides of head produced in an anterior lobe bearing three spines and a small, inconspicuous lobe armed with three feeble spines. Terminal segment of body with three small lobes between the post-lateral angles. Tolella sarsi, new species IOLELLA SPINOSA (Harger). Janira spinosa Harerr, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 158; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 323-324. Tanthe spinosa Bovauuius, Bihang till Kgl. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., XI, 1886, No. 15, p. 34. Janira spinosa Hansen (part), Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. i Kjobh., 1887-88, De Loe Tanthe spinosa Ricuarpson, Amer. Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 299; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 555. Localities. —Banquereau; latitude 65° 35’ north, longitude 54° 50! west; latitude 66° 32’ north, longitude 55° 34’ west; latitude 67° 59’ north, longitude 56° 33’ west. Depth.—s80 to 100 fathoms. **'This species is well marked among our known Isopoda by the double row of spines along the back and the acute laciniations or angulations on the lateral margins of the thoracic segments. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 459 “The body is robust, the length but little exceeding twice the breadth. The head is broad and produced in the median line into a prominent, acute spine, or rostrum, about as long as the head. The antero-lateral angles are also produced and very acute, but do not extend as far as the rostrum. The eyes are rounded, semi-oval, with the long axes converging toward a point near the base of the rostrum. The basal segment of the antennul is less than one-third the length of the rostrum. The second segment is about as long as the first, but of only about half its diameter. The flagellum equals, or slightly sur- passes, the third antennal segment, and consists of about twelve seg- ments. The scale or spine on the second segment of the antennz is slender and considerably surpasses the third segment. The external lamella of the maxillipeds has the outer angle prominent, though not acute. ‘* The thoracic segments are pro- duced laterally into one or two acute angulations, giving a- sharply ser- ‘ated or dentated outline to the tho- racic region. The first segment is shorter than the second; the sec- ond, third, and fourth are about equal in length; the fifth is about the length of the first; the sixth and seventh each a little longer. The first segment is acutely produced at the sides, around the sides of the head, and bears, near the middle of the anterior margin, two short spines, situated about half as far apart as are the eyes, and directed upward and somewhat forward. The second segment has both lateral angles produced into triangular, acute processes, of which the anterior is more slender than the poste- rior and directed more strongly forward. The dorsal spines on this segment are a little farther apart and larger than in the first segment. In the third segment the lateral angulations are more nearly equal than in the second segment and directed less strongly forward. In the specimen figured the third segment bears, on the left side, a single broad angulation, apparently representing the posterior, while the anterior is only indicated by a slight irregularity in the outline. ‘*Malformations of this kind appear to be common. The dorsal spines on the third segment are much as in the second. On the fourth segment the anterior angulation is longer than the posterior, and both are directed nearly outward. The dorsal spines on the fourth segment Fig. 515.—IOLELLA SPINOSA (AFTER HAR- GER). xX 6. 460 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. are slightly smaller and nearer together than on the third; but, as in. all the preceding segments, they are near the anterior border of the segment. The last three segments are acutely produced at the sides into a single angulation, which is directed more and more backward to the last segment. The dorsal spines on the fifth segment are sit- uated nearer together than on the anterior segments and rather behind the middle of the segment. They are also smaller than on the pre- ceding segments. On the last two segments they are near the poste- rior border of the segment, and become somewhat smaller and nearer together on the last segment. The legs are armed with but few and rather weak spines. ‘**The pleon is broadest near the base and tapers posteriorly, where the angles are acutely produced. Between these angles the margin is rounded and arched over the bases of the uropods, which areabout as long as the pleon and less spiny than in -/. a/ta. The lateral margin of the pleon is armed with very minute acute spinules, and under a higher power the margins of the thoracic segments and of the head are seen to be similarly armed, especially where most exposed. ‘**Lengeth 8 mm., breadth 3.8 mm.; color in alcohol white.”—Oscar HarcEr. IOLELLA SPECIOSA ? (Bovallius). Tanthe speciosa Boyauuius, Bihang till K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., VI, 1881, No. 4, pp. 5-14, pls. 1-1; XI, No. 15, 1886, p. 35.—Ricuarpson, American Natur- alist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 299; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 555. Locality.—Baftin Bay. **The rostrum is much longer than the head (7:5); the lateral angu- lations of the head are directed obliquely forward; they are longer than the head. The eyes are oval. The long diameter of the eyes equals a sixth of the length of the head. The flagellum of the first pair of antenne is 60-70 articulated. The first pair of antenne are nearly as long as the breadth of the head (18:19). The flagellum of the second pair of antennze consists of almost 280 articuli. The first seoment of the pereion is as long as the second; the seventh segment is the longest. All carry each two spine-like tubercles on the dorsal side. The lateral margins of the first segment carry one angulation on each side; the second, third, and fourth two, more or less equal; the fifth, sixth, and seventh, one large and one very minute each. The pleon carries on its dorsal-side a single spine-like tubercle, and is pro- duced backward into two flattened, sharp-pointed angulations; between these the uropoda are attached. The peduncles of the uropoda are “ Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 323-324. » This species is considered by Hansen and Ortmann to be a synonym of the pre- ceding species. Since my manuscript went to press, the types of J. spinosa have been sent from Yale University, and I find it distinct from J. speciosa. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 461 LABRUM. 06, INNER ANTENNA. X 20. ¢, a, d, AUDITORY BRISTLE FROM THE THIRD JOINT OF THE PEDUNCLE 160. Fig. 516.—IOLELLA SPECIOSA (AFTER BOVALLIUS). DORSAL VIEW OF ANIMAL. X 4. OF THE INNER ANTENNA. €, FIRST JOINTS OF THE FLAGELLUM OF THE INNER ANTENNA. oe SOME ARTICLES OF THE FLAGELLUM OF THE OUTER ANTENNA. X 60. g, AN OLFACTORY GLAND OF SAME. x 260. h, PEDUNCLE OF OUTER ANTENNA, xX 15. i, THE LAST JOINTS OF SAME. 200, 9, Heaps >< 10: 462 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. shorter than the angulations. The outer ramus is almost as long as the inner (87: 39). ‘**Color, yellowish white. “Length, 21.5 mm.”—Bova.tivs. * IOLELLA TRIANGULATA (Richardson). Tanthe triangulata Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 857-858; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 323-324; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 299. Locatity.—Monterey Bay, California. Surface of body smooth; color yellow, marked with black dots. Fic. 517.—IOLELLA TRIANGULATA. X 13}. Head with rostrum in front equal to one-half the length of the head. Anterior margin lobate between the rostrum and the lateral angula- tions. The side of the head is produced in two angulations, the upper one extending in an oblique direction and not reaching beyond the anterior margin of the head. The first pair of antenne are not as long aBihang till K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl., XI, No. 15, 1886, p. 35. eee ee eee "ee ae Te eee Tas Ss Ve = 2 . A a he ee 2 St ' o nee ; 2 a *) ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 463 as the width of the head. The second pair of antenne are ionger than the body. The lateral margins of the first segment are produced on either side into two angulations; those of the second and third into two, with the epimera produced into two-lobed angulations; those of the fourth into two lobes, the small epimeral lobe or angulation between; and those of the fifth, sixth, and seventh into one large upper lobe and one small lower lobe. The terminal segment is produced backward at the sides into two sharply pointed angulations, with a broad triangulate central lobe between. The uropoda are longer than the terminal segment, the outer branch being somewhat shorter than the inner one, and both fringed with hairs. The first pair of legs are prehensile; the remaining pairs simple. Two specimens were collected by Mr. Heath at Monterey Bay, California. Type.—Cat. No. 22582, U.S.N.M. IOLELLA LIBBEYI (Ortmann). Jolanthe libbeyi OrtTMANN, Princeton University Bulletin, XI, No. 3, 1900, pp. 39-40. Tole libbeyi OnTMANN, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1901, p. 157. Locality.—Cape Alexander, North Greenland. ‘Length of body 8mm. Rostrum about as long as the head, directed obliquely upward. Head with one lateral angulation, directed for- ward. Eyes elliptical. Segments of pereion dor- sally smooth, without any spines or tubercles. First segment laterally with two angulations, both of them directed obliquely forward. Sec- ond and third segments with four short angula- tions, the anterior and posterior subequal, the third the smallest. Fourth segment with two angulations, the anterior directed forward, the posterior smaller and directed a little backward. Fifth, sixth, and seventh segments with a large anterior and very small posterior an- gulation. All the angulations of these seg- ments are comparatively short. Pleon with two bluntly triangular angulations on either side of a bluntly triangular central portion. Uropods about as long as pleon, styliform, outer branch a little shorter than inner. Flagellum of first antenna fifteen articulate; flagellum of second antenna with more than one hundred and fifty annulations. “In the wanting tubercles of the dorsal surface and the form of the lateral angulations this species is related to the two species of the Fig. 518.—IOLELLA LIBBEYI (AFTER ORTMANN). <1: 464 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. genus known from the North Pacific, and the form of the pleon recalls that of /. erostrata Richardson (Aleutian Islands). But it differs (1) in the presence of a long rostrum, (2) in the stronger development of the lateral angulations of the head, (3) in the slightly different angulations of the second and third segments of the pereion.”—OrTMANN.4 IOLELLA ALASCENSIS Benedict, new species.? The head is much broader than long; the rostral projection is nearly as long as the head itself. The rostrum is broad at the base, but narrow and tapering throughout the greater part of its length; the apex is rounded. The sides of the head are laterally expanded and produced forward beyond the line of the front; the lateral projections are accentuated by a deep concavity occupying the outer half of the front. The antenne are both broken and lost from the distal end of the third article of the peduncles. The first segment of the thorax is strongly pro- duced at its posterior half; the anterior half is diag- onal and emarginate. The epimeron is large and pro- duced and placed at the anterior part of the segment. The second and third segments are strongly produced at both angles with a nearly straight margin between Fie. 519¢,—Totelta the projections. The epimera are bifurcate, and eter placed between the anterior and posterior projections. The fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh are produced at the anterior angles only, the produced portions becoming successively wider. The epimera are placed at the posterior angles. The pleon consists of a single segment made up of three longitudinal lobes: the middle lobe is much narrower and shorter than the outer ones; all are rounded at the distal extremity. The anterior feet are as in the genus, but the propodus is wide, with the basal half of the prehensile edge finely serrate. / From the line of the eyes to the end of the pleon the specimen is sparsely ornamented with very small rounded black spots. Described from a single specimen taken by Captain Healy, of the U.S. revenue steamer Corwin, latitude 71.02 north, longitude 157.46 west, in 19 fathoms. «Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., LIII, Pt. 1, 1901, pp. 157-158. >The following description is from Doctor Benedict’s manuscript, which he has very kindly permitted me to publish at this time. ¢ Fig. 519 is through the courtesy of Dr, J. E. Benedict. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 465 IOLELLA EROSTRATA (Richardson). Ianthe erostrata RicHarpson, Proc. U. $8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 858-859; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 325; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 299. Locality.—Chichagof Harbor, Attu (the Aleutian Islands), Alaska. Head two and a half times broader than long, with prominent antero-lateral angulations. Lateral margins pro- duced, entire. In place of the rostrum, which marks many of the known species of this genus, there is a ~small median point. The eyes are dorsally situated a short distance from the lateral edges. The first pair of antenne are short, not equal to the width of the head. The second pair are broken in the only specimen. The first thoracic segment is produced laterally in two angulations. The second, third, and fourth seg- ments are each produced in two angulations, with a small epimeral lobe in between. The fifth, sixth, and seventh segments have each a large anterior lobe and a small posterior epimeral lobe. The terminal segment has two bluntly triangular angulations, one on either side of a bluntly triangular central portion. The uropoda are about as long as the caudal segment, are styliform, with branches nearly F%6- 620.—Ioueria 3 5 3 EROSTRATA. X 133. equal. The distal extremity of the peduncle and the branch of the first pleopoda of the male are fused and produced at the tip, as in Janiropsis Sars. The first pair of legs are prehensile. The others are simple, bi-unguiculate. One specimen, a male, was collected at Chichagot Harbor, Attu (Aleutian Islands), by Dr. W. H. Dall. Type.—Cat. No. 22610, U.S.N.M. IOLELLA HOLMESI (Richardson). Tole holmesi Ricuarpson, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., XXIV, 1905, pp. 216-217. Localities.—Stephens Passage, southeastern Alaska; vicinity of Naha Bay, Behm Canal, southeastern Alaska. Depth.—41 to 188 fathoms. Body yellow in color, spotted with numerous brown dots. Head broader than long, with frontal margin almost straight, very slightly produced in the middle. On either side, a little anterior to the middle of the lateral margin, is a process terminating in two spines. The eyes are large, composite, and placed near the lateral margin, about halfway between the posterior and anterior margins of the head. The first pair of antenne extend to the end of the fourth joint of the peduncle of the second pair. The basal joint of the peduncle 28589—05 30 466 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. is large, dilated; the two following joints are slender; the flagellum consists of twenty joints. The second pair of antenne are longer than the body. The first four joints are short, with an articulated exopod on the third joint; the fifth and sixth joints are very long, the fifth being slightly longer than the sixth; the flagellum consists of numerous joints. The posterior portion of the lateral margin of the first segment of the thorax is produced on either side in a triangular process; the epimeron is situated at the anterior portion of the lateral margin and is produced ina triangular process about as long as the posterior one. The anterior as well as the posterior lateral angles of the second and third segments are each pro- duced ina long process, with the bifurcate epimeron situated between. The anterior portion only of the lateral margin of the fourth segment is produced with the bifurcate epimeron situated at the posterior portion of the segment. The fifth, sixth, and seventh segments have the anterior portion of the lateral margin pro- Fic. 521—Iorerta duced in a process which extends outward and down- omer" ward and in the last segment is triangularly produced at the posterior extremity, the epimeron in each segment occupying the posterior portion of the segment. The abdomen is composed of a single segment, the posterior margin of which has a widely rounded median expansion with an acutely pointed lateral expansion on either side. The uropoda are about equal to the abdomen in length; the ae outer branch is slightly shorter than the inner me SN) one; the basal joint is equal in length to the outer branch. The legs are all furnished with bi-unguiculate dactyli. The first pair are prehensile, the carpus being very large and armed with spines along the inner margin; the propodus is serrulate along the inner margin at the proximal end. Two specimens, both females, were taken by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross P16. 522—TounLLA HoLMesr. FIRST LEG OF FEMALE. X at station 4253, Stephens Passage, southeastern — 20;. Alaska, and station 4228, vicinity of Naha Bay, Behm Canal, southeastern Alaska. Depth, 41 to 188 fathoms. Type in the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 29249. This species is named for Dr. Samuel J. Holmes, who has done much work on the Crustacea of the Pacific coast. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 467 IOLELLA SARSI, new species. Body twice as wide as long, 5 mm.: 10} mm.; surface densely cov- ered with short, stiff hairs. Head wider than long, 2 mm.: 3 mm. Front without rostrum; anterior margin nearly straight, with only a small, median obtuse point. Lateral margins produced in an anterior lobe bearing three feeble spines and a smaller, almost inconspicuous lobe also armed with three feeble spines. Antero-lateral angles rounded. Eyes moderately large, round, composite, situated close to the lateral margins. The first pair of antenn have the basal article of the peduncle large and dilated; the second article is half as long and about half as wide; the third article is a little longer than the second. The flagellum is com- posed of numerous short articles. The second pair of antenne are broken at the fourth article of the peduncle, and the distal parts are lost. There is a distinct scale out- side the third article. The articles of the peduncle, as well as the an- tennal scale, are beset with spines. The first segment of the thorax has both the anterior and the pos- terior angles produced in long, nar- row processes, with the epimeron, consisting of a single, narrow pro- cess, situated between the two. The second and third segments of the thorax have the anterior and the posterior margins produced into FGA BOs aE oren ria saiere long, narrow processes, with the epimeron, consisting of two long processes, situated between the two. The fourth segment has the anterior portion only produced in a long, — narrow process, with the epimeron produced in two processes, and situated in the posterior emargination of the segment. The fifth, sixth, and seventh segments have the anterior part produced and gradually increasing in width, with the epimeron situated in the pos- terior emargination of the segment. The lateral processes of the segments, as well as the epimera, are beset with spines. The abdomen consists of a large terminal segment, with two short segments anterior to it, evident only in the middle part, being covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The terminal segment is broader than long, 3 mm.: 43 mm. The 468 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. post-lateral angles are acutely produced but short. Between the post- lateral angles the posterior margin is trilobate, the median lobe being the largest, and not longer than the post-lateral angles. The margins of the segment are beset with spines. The uropoda are lost in the only specimen. The distal extremity of the peduncle and the branch of the first pleopoda of the male are fused and have the tip dilated and pro- duced as in Janiropsis Sars. The type, a male, and the only specimen, was collected by Dr. W. H. Dall at Constantine Bay, Amcehitka Islands, Alaska, in 1873. Depth 8 fathoms. The type is in the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 32076. This species is very closely related to /olella holmes? (Richardson), but differs in the shape of the terminal abdominal segment, in having the anterior angles of the first thoracic segment produced with the epi- meron situated between the antero- and post-lateral processes, and in having the lateral margins of the head but little produced and armed with numerous spines. This species is named in honor of Prof. G. O. Sars, the distinguished carcinologist, for whose courteous and generous permission to repro- duce his plates in this work, Iam most grateful. 75. Genus JANIRA Leach.é Body oblong, depressed. Lateral parts of head not produced or but slightly produced. Eyes distinct, sub-dorsal. Front of head obtuse or produced in a comparitively small rostrum. First pair of antenne well developed, with the flagellum multi- articulate. Second antenne very much elongated, with scale outside of third article of peduncle.. Maxillipeds with the second and third articles of the palp not expanded. Segments of thorax with lateral parts not produced into lappets. The distal extremity of the peduncle and the branch of the first pleopoda of the male not dilated at the tip. Uropoda largely developed. First pair of legs prehensile in both sexes; dactylus in all the legs tri-unguiculate. : Terminal seoment of the body rounded, not expanded laterally. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS JANIRA. a. Anterior margin of the head straight. ». First pair of legs alike in both sexes, with carpus large, subfusiform, and edged inside with spines. Distal part of lateral margins of terminal segment of body coarsely serrated. Epimera bilobed..-...-...--------c Janira maculosa Leach “See Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 98-99. re oe ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 469 }’. First pair of legs untike in the two sexes, though prehensile. In male the car- pus of the first pair of legs is large and produced on the inside at its outer distal end in a long acute process, between which and the articulation of the propodus are two long acute processes about half as long as the outer process. Distal part of lateral margins of terminal segment of body not serrated. ipimmera single lobed ss. -<-<- 25. s sees occas ace Janira minuta Richardson a’. Anterior margin of the head not straight. b. Front of head trilobate, the central lobe subacute, rather longer than others, bUbnohnostraleasee. oo ao nce = ace ee aso seek se ie se Janira occidentalis Walker b’. Front of head produced in the middle in a short, sharp rostrum, and the antero- lateral angles of the head also produced. c. Antero-lateral angles of head sharp. Lateral margins of first four thoracic segments obtusely incised, each showing two broad angulations. Uropoda of female shorter than half the terminal segment; those of mate as long as tenminalseoment-of body. sfsen-.-secs=-25- cis - 55 Janira tricornis (Kroyer) c’. Antero-lateral angles of the head very slightly produced and rounded. Mar- gins of the first thoracic segment rounded, not emarginate. Uropoda alike in the two sexes, and longer than the terminal segment of the body. Abdomen serrate on posterior half of lateral margin. . Janira alta (Stimpson ) JANIRA MACULOSA Leach. Janira maculosa Leacn, Edinburgh Encyclop., VII, 1813-14, p. 434. Oniscoda maculosa LATREILLE, Cuvier’s Régne Anim., 2d ed,, IV, 1829, p. 141.— MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 151. Henopomus muticus Kreyver, Voy. en Scand., Crust., 1849, pl. xxx, figs. la; Nat. Tidsskr. (2), II, 1846-49, p. 366.—Bare and Wesrwoop, British Sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, pp. 338-340.—Hansen, Vid. Medd. Naturh. Foren. i Kjgbh., 1887-88, p. 190.—Sars, Crust. Norway, II, 1899, pp. 99- 100, pl. xu.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 299; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 555. Localities.—Latitude 66° 32’ north, longitude 55° 34’ west; lati- tude 72° 32’ north, longitude, 58° 51’ west; also, British Isles; Kat- tegat; Dutch coast; coast of France; coast of Norway. Depth.—30 to 116 fathoms. ‘** Body oblong oval in form, about three times as long as it is broad, and slightly narrowed both in front and behind. Cephalon with the lateral expansions evenly rounded, frontal edge straight, without a trace of rostrum. Anterior segments of mesosome with the lateral parts slightly produced at both corners, but not covering the small coxal plates, which are bi-lobate. Caudal segment sub-circular, distal part of lateral edges coarsely serrated. Eyes well developed, rounded oval, with dark pigment. Superior antenne reaching about to the end of the penultimate peduncular joint of the inferior ones, flagel- lum more than twice as long as the peduncle, and composed of about thirty articulations. Inferior antenne considerably exceeding the length of the body, the last,two peduncular joints rather elongated, subequal, flagellum about twice the length of the peduncle. Epignath of the maxillipeds with the outer edge angular in the middle. First pair of legs with the carpus about the length of the two preceding 470) BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. joints combined, and armed inside with 18-20 spines; dactylar claws in all pairs nearly equal. Middle piece of male operculum not expanded at the end, which is quadrilobate. Uropoda exceeding in length the caudal segment, basal part rather elongated, though not Fic. 524.—JANIRA MACULOSA (AFTER SARS). a,; ANTERIOR LIP. b, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. ¢, MAXILLIPED. d, FIRST MAXILLA. ¢€, FIRST ANTENNA. jf, SECOND MAXILLA. g, MANDIBLE. h, MAN- DIBLE WITH PALP. 7, SECOND ANTENNA. Jj, FIRST LEG. k, POSTERIOR Lip. 1, UROPOD. m, FOURTH PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. 7”, FIFTH LEG. 0, ABDOMEN (INNER SIDE). p, THIRD PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. q, FIFTH PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. 7, FEMALE OPERCULUM. s%, FIRST AND SECOND PLEOPODS OF MALE. t, TERMINAL JOINT OF FIFTH LEG. quite as long as the inner ramus, outer ramus somewhat smaller than the inner, both being linear in form. Color, yellowish, densely mottled with reddish brown specks. Length of adult female, 7 mm., of male, 10 mm.”—G. O. Sars.4¢ “Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 99-100. il i aie al natal il i tl 7S Pee Te” sane! 5 See Pena ae Oe PI ee Ee Ot Tee? Eee ee Ste ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 471 JANIRA MINUTA Richardson. Janira minuta Ricnarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 297, pl. XXXIX, figs. 50-52. Locality.—Castle Harbor, Bermudas, in dead coral. Surface of body smooth. Color light yellow, almost white, spotted with black. Head with frontal margin straight; eyes large, conspicuous, oblong, and situated at the lateral margin. First pair of antennz with the three peduncular articles equal in length, the first one, however, being very much the broadest, the second a little stouter than the third; flagellum multi-articulate, composed of about ten or eleven articles. The second pair of antenne have a scale outside the third article of the peduncle; flagellum multi-articulate, much longer than the body. Thoracic segments subequal in length. First segment with the lateral a b Fig. 525.—JANIRA MINUTA. a, LEG OF FIRST PAIR OF FEMALE. x 58. b, TERMINAL SEGMENT AND UROPODA. xX 58. c¢c, LEG OF FIRST PAIR OF MALE. X 5&8. margin entire, epimeron not evident from a dorsal view. Second and third segments with margins entire, straight, epimera evident about the middle of the segments. Fourth segment with the posterior half of the lateral margin slightly excavate, the epimeron evident in the excavation. The last three segments with the lateral margins entire, the epimera evident as small lobes at the post-lateral angles. The terminal segment is about as broad as long, rounded posteriorly with a median lobe between the peduncular joints of the uropoda. The uropoda extend much beyond the terminal segment, being longer than that segment. The outer branch is somewhat shorter than the inner branch; both branches are longer than the peduncle, and are fringed with long hairs. In the female the first pair of legs are prehensile; the others are simple walking legs, with bi-unguiculate dactyli. In the male, how- ever, the first pair of legs are modified, though prehensile. The 472 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. carpal joint is very much enlarged and is produced on the inside, at the outer distal end, in a long, acute process, between which and the articulation of the propodus are two long acute processes about half as long as the outer process. The propodus is. similar to that of the female; the dactylus is bi- unguiculate. A number of specimens, both males and females, were collected by Prof. A. E. Ver- rill and party in 1898, at Castle Harbor, Bermudas. ‘Type specimens in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. Nos. 3194 and 3261. JANIRA OCCIDENTALIS Walker. Janira occidentalis WALKER, Trans. Liverpool 3iol. Soc., XII, 1898, pp. 280-281, pl. xv, figs. 7-10.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., XXI, 1899, p. 859; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p- 326; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 300; Harriman Alaska Exp., Crust., X, 1904, p. 224; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Fig. 526.—JANIRA OCCIDENTALIS XX VII, 1904, p- 667. (AFTER WALKER). a, HEAD AND ; FIRST THORACIC SEGMENT. by Locality. —Puget Sound, Washington. ABDOMEN AND PART OF PREVIOUS ee Body oblong-ovate, three times longer than wide, 2 mm. :6 mm. Head, about twice as wide as long, with the anterior margin sinuate, but not produced ina frontal median process. The lateral margins are straight, with the antero-lateral angles a little produced and rounded and the post-lateral angles rounded. The eyes are large, Fic. 527.—JANIRA OCCIDENTALIS. a, ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA.@ b, MAXILLIPED. X 512 c, MANDI- BLE. x 512. d, FIRST LEG. xX 27}. round, composite, and dorsally placed. The first pair of antennze have the first and third articles about equal in length; the second is «The outer branch of both uropoda is broken off and lost in the only specimen of the U. 8. National Museum collection. —— [ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 473 about one and a half times longer than the third. The flagellum is composed of eleven articles. The second pair of antennx have the first four articles short and nearly subequal, the first two being some- what shorter than the last two. An antennal scale is articulated to the third article. The fifth and sixth articles are long, the sixth being a little longer than the fifth. The fifth article is 1 mm. in length; the sixth is a little more than 1 mm. long. The flagellum is multi- articulate, and 2 mm. long. The maxillipeds have a palp of five articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment.of the thorax has the post-lateral lobe large and produced, the antero-lateral lobe obsolete, with the epimeral lobe at the antero-lateral angles. The second and third segments have the antero- and post-lateral lobes small, but produced os. and conspicuous, the lateral margin between them being straight; the epimeron is in two lobes, and occu- pies a position between the antero- and post-lateral lobes in both seg- ments. The fourth segment has the antero- and post-lateral lobes small, but produced and conspicuous; the post-lateral lobe is smaller than the antero-lateral lobe, while in the two preceding segments the antero-lateral lobe is the smaller one; the epimeron of the fourth segment is a single lobe between the antero- and post-lateral lobes. In the fifth segment the antero- lateral lobe is large and produced, the post-lateral lobe minute, and almost inconspicuous; the epimeron is a sin- gle lobe between the two. The sixth and seventh segments have the antero-lateral lobes large and promi- nent, the post-lateral lobes obsolete, and the epimeron situated at the post-lateral angles. The abdomen is composed of a single large segment, the post-lateral angles of which are small but very acutely produced. The posterior margin has a large median rounded lobe. The uropoda are not quite as long as the abdomen. The peduncle is about one-third the length | of the terminal segment. The inner branch is one and a half times ' longer than the peduncle. The outer branch is lost in both uropoda of the specimen examined. The first pair of legs are prehensile, but not longer than the others. The six following pairs are ambulatory, with bi-unguiculate dactyli. Fie. 528.—JANIRA OCCIDENTALIS (AFTER WALKER). ad, FIRST LEG. b, THIRD LEG. 474 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. JANIRA TRICORNIS (Kr¢yer). Henopomus tricornis Kroyer, Voy. en Scand., Crust., 1849, pl. xxx, figs. 2 a-q; Nat. Tidsskr. (2), I], 1846-49, p. 372-379, 380. Janira tricornis HANSEN, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. 1 Kjgbh., 1887-88, pp. 190-191.— RicHarpson, Amer. naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 300; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X X ITI, 1901, p. 555.—Srreppine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), V, 1900, p. 14.—Ontin, Bihang till K. Sy. Vet.-Akad. Handl., XXVI, Afd. tv, No. 12, 1901, pp. 30-31. Localities. — Kangerdluarsuk; Sukker- toppen; Egedesminde; latitude 65° 11’ north, longitude 53° 33’ west. Depth.—5 to 50 fathoms; 20 to 80 me- ters (Ohlin). Body wide, the width equaling almost half the length. Head armed anteriorly with three horns or spines, placed in a transverse series. The second pair of antenne are equal Fig.529.—Janrra Tricornis (AFTER to the length of the body; the second “ite article of the peduncle is very stout and armed on the exterior margin with a large spine (scale). FG. 530.—JANIRA TRICORNIS (AFTER KROYER). SHOWING DETAILED PARTS. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 475 The abdomen is subelliptical in shape or obsoletely six angulate, much wider than long. The median lobe of the covering lamella of the pleopods (the peduncle of the first pleopoda) in the males is posteriorly entire.“ A fuller description of this species is given in the preceding pages (372-379) of the work from which the above is quoted. JANIRA ALTA (Stimpson.) Asellodes alta Srrimpson, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, VI, 1853, p. 41, pl. m1, fig. 30.—VeErriLL, Am. Jour. Sci., VI, 1873, p. 439; VII, 1874, pp- 411-502; Proc. Amer. Assoc., 1874, p. 350. Janira alta Harcer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 158; Report U.S. Com- missioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 321-322, pls. u—11, figs. 9, 12, 13.—Ricuarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 300; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XITI, 1901, p. 556. Localities.—Long Island; Massachusetts Bay; near Eastport, Maine; Gulf of Maine; Grand Menan; Bay of Fundy; 120 miles south of Halifax; Grand Banks; Clarkes Ledge; 30 miles east of Sable Island; off Ches- apeake Bay. Depth.—85 to 487 fathoms. Body oblong-ovate, nearly three times longer than wide, 24 mm.: 7 mm., not including the uropoda. Head nearly three times as broad as long, with the lateral portions expand- ed and the lateral margins straight. The front is produced in the middle in a long narrow process with apex rounded. The eyes are small, round, composite, and dorsally placed. The antero-lateral angles of the head are very slightly producedand are rounded. The first pair ot antennze have the Fig. 531.—JANIRA oe (AFTER HARGER). three articles, forming the peduncle, | <4 about equal in length. The flagellum is composed of fourteen articles. The second pair of antenne have the first four articles short and subequal; the two following ones are very long, the sixth being longer than the fifth. The sixth article is 2 mm. in length; the fifth is 15 mm. long. The flagellum is multiarticulate and is 5 mm. long. The second antennz are as long as the body. The maxillipeds have a palp «The above description is adapted from the following one of Kroyer’s: Latior (latitudo dimidiam fere zequans longitudinem). Caput antice tribus arma- tum cornibus vel aculeis, serie positis transversali. Antenne inferiores longitudinem animalis eequantes, articulo pedunculi secundo crassissimo, aculeo marginis exterioris maximo. Abdomen subellipticum vel obsolete sexangulatum, multo latius quam longum. Lobus laminze branchiarum tectorize intermedius apud mares postice jnteger. Kroyer, Nat. Tidsskr. (2), II, 1846-49, pp. 372-379, 380. 476 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. of five articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed of three articles. The first segment of the thorax has the post-lateral lobes large and prominent; the antero-lateral lobes are obsolete, but small epimeral lobes, one on either side, are conspicuous at the antero-lateral angles of the segment. The second, third, and fourth segments have each a conspicuous but small antero-lateral lobe on either side, produced beyond the large post-lateral portion of the segment, and between the anterior and posterior lobes is the small but conspic- uous epimeral lobe. The last three segments have a large antero-lateral lobe, with the post-lateral lobe obsolete, and the small epimeral lobe situ- ated at the post-lateral angles. The abdomen is composed of a single large segment, the post-lateral angles of which are widely rounded, and the posterior margin has a prom- FIG. 532.—JANIRA ALTA, a, ABDOMEN wiTH vRopopa. iInent rounded median lobe. . ee Sand < 512. c, FIRST LEG. xX 27}. The posterior half of the lat- eral margins and the margins of the post-lateral angles are strongly serrate. The uropoda are about one and a fourth times longer than the abdomen. The peduncle is as long as two-thirds the length of the abdomen. The outer branch is as long as the pedunele. The inner branch is one and a half times the length of the outer branch. The first pair of legs are prehensile, but are not longer than the others. The six following pairs are ambulatory with bi-unguiculate dactyli. 76. Genus J4ROPSIS Keehler. Eyes present. Both pairs of antenne extremely small; flagellum of first pair obsolete; flagellum of second pair rudimentary. Articles of peduncle of second antenne dilated. Epignath of maxillipeds nar- row, produced to a tapering extremity. Apex of mandibles produced in five teeth. Seoments of thorax separated at the sides, not forming an unbroken continuous lateral line. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. AT Legs simple, similar in structure; dactylus bi-unguiculate. Uropoda short, extremely small. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS J.®ROPSIS. a. Head, second, third, fourth, and seventh thoracic segments and abdomen brown. First, fifth, and sixth thoracic segments perfectly white and colorless. Median lobe of terminal segment of body rounded. Frontal process of head as long as side of head. Eyes moderately large...---..-------.. Jevopsis lobata Richardson a’. Color uniformly white. Median lobe of terminal segment of body acute. Frontal process of head about half as long as lateral margin of head. Eyes small. Jeropsis rathbune Richardson JEROPSIS LOBATA Richardson. Jeropsis lobata Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXI, 1899, pp. 859-860; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 326-327; American Naturalist XXXIV, 1900, p. 300. Locality.—Monterey Bay, California. Surface of body smooth. Color very peculiar and striking. The head is brown. The first thoracic segment is perfectly white, without any markings. The second, third, and fourth seg- ments are brown. The fifth and sixth are white. The seventh thoracic segment and the caudal — /O 0 segment are brown. This pe- culiar marking gives the body a striped appearance. ae CRED ae aes Head large; front produced ive ae into two prominent triangular processes, on either side of a deep median excavation in which is placed a small lobe; this gives the head the appearance of being produced in a large rounded median lobe. The antero- lateral angles of the head are acutely produced on either side to a distance equal to one-third the length of the frontal process. The eyes, which are small, are situ- ated on the extreme lateral margins of the head. The first pair of antennze are extremely small, equal in length to less than half the width of the head; flagellum obsolete. The second pair of antenne are. also ex- F1G.534.—Jzrorsis tremely short, equal in length to the width of the topaTa. MAxti- head, with rudimentary flagellum, composed of about LIPED AND MAN- vhs a ae 7 a: five joints, and with peduncular joints dilated. Man- dibles have the cutting part composed of five teeth; palp, three-jointed. The thoracic segments are subequal in length, with lateral edges produced, but not laciniate, and separated from each other by lateral incisions. 478 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Caudal segment regularly rounded, with two small incisions at the place where the uropoda are attached, between which is a rounded lobe. Uropoda are extremely small, short, nodiform. Legs simple, similar in structure, with bi-unguicu- late dacty li. Two specimens from Monterey Bay, California, were sent by Mr. Heath. ; Type.—Cat. No. 22583, U.S.N.M. This species is very close to Jeropsis brevicornis, but differs in the following points: The coloring of the body, which in /. brevicornis is perfectly trans- parent and colorless, with the exception of the head, which is marked with a large brown spot, while in our species the head is dark, as are also the entire second, third, fourth, and seventh thoracic segments and the terminal abdominal segment, the other segments being colorless; in the shape of the terminal seg- ment, which is perfectly rounded in J. brevicornisand tringed with hairs, while in our species there are two posterior incisions for the reception Fic. 535.—J £ZROPSIS i _ Fic. 536.—JROPSIS FORA. ©2700: of the uropoda, and an absence of — jopara. ANTENN®. hairs; in the larger median lobe on the anterior margin of the head; in the acuteness of the antero-lateral angles of the head, which are rounded in -/. brevicornis, in the more angular post-lateral angles of the head, and in the more angular antero- and post-lateral angles of the thoracic segments. Other differences are noticed from a comparison of both pairs of antenne. JZEROPSIS RATHBUN# Richardson. Jeropsis rathbune RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 298, pl. x1, figs. 53-55. Locality.—Bermudas. Body elongate, depressed; segments loosely articulated; surface smooth; color uniformly light, almost white. Head with a median excavation, on either side of which the frontal margin is produced into angulations. On either side of these angula- tions is another excavation, on the outside of which are lateral angula- tions. A rounded lobe is placed in the median excavation. The eyes are small and are situated near the lateral margins about halfway between the anterior and posterior margins. The first pair of antenne consist of five joints, the two first joints being large, the three follow- —_ ———E———————E se LhUr 2p =e awe DE Rae ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 479 ing ones small, the last fringed with hairs. The second pair of anten- ne have a rudimentary flagellum, consisting of five or six joints; the peduncle has the third and fifth joints long and oval in shape, the fourth joint somewhat triangular. The thoracic segments are loosely articulated. The Jateral mar- gins are straight, with no indication of epimera. The terminal segment of the body is rounded in outline, the posterior. margin excavated at the insertion of the uropoda, which do not extend beyond the edge of the segment, thus preserving the oval outline. Between the uropoda there is an acute median projection. The legs are all simple, with bi-unguic- — ¢ ulate dactyli. One specimen was collected by Prof. A. E. Verrill and party at the Bermudas, and another by Dr. G. B. Goode, from the same locality. Type specimens in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3251. Fic. 537.—JEROPSIS RATHBUNX. 4, Six species of this genus have been HEAD AND FIRST THORACIC SEGMENT. heretofore described: Jxropsis lobata eo ey ig + eae Keehler, Jeropsis marionis Beddard, — ¢, Mayvrete (aNorHer view). Jeropsis neo-zealandica Chilton, Jeropsis lobata Richardson, -Jeropsis dollfust Norman, and Jeropsis curvicornis (Nicolet).“ The present species adds another to the above list. It is named in honor of Miss Mary J. Rathbun. Family XVII. MUNNIDZ.? Body ovate, short and stout, with the three posterior segments of the thorax sharply marked off from the four anterior ones and much smaller, and gradually becoming narrower. Terminal segment of body vaulted above, subpyriform. Eyes, when present, placed on the tips of lateral peduncle-like pro- jections of the head. First pair of antenne placed widely apart, with. the flagellum multi-articulate. Second pair of antenne without scale. First pair of legs much shorter than the following pairs and pre- hensile. Succeeding pairs more or less rapidly increasing in length, simple, ambulatory. Uropoda small, somewhat separated. Pleopoda as in the Janiridex. a Jeera curvicornis Nicolet, in Gay’s Hist. de Chile, III, 1849, p. 263, Zodl. Atlas, Crust., No. 3, fig. 10. This species should be referred to the genus Jropsis. >See Sars for characters of family, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 105. 480 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 77. Genus MUNNA Kr@yer.4 Body sub-pyriform, vaulted, with the last three segments of the thorax very small. Terminal segment of body narrow, sub-pyriform. First pair of antenne short. Second antenne very much elongated, with the last two articles of the peduncle long and slender. First pair of legs subcheliform, comparatively small in female, but well developed in male. Last six pairs of legs ambulatory and rapidly increasing in length. Dactylus bi-unguiculate. Uropoda small, simple. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS MUNNA. a. Surtace of body smooth. Eyes present. b. Caudal segment with lateral edges evenly convex, and each armed witha single slender denticle; apical lamellee distinctly serrated. Eyeslarge. First pair of antenn with flagellum composed of four joints, including very small apical joint. Flagellum of second antennie longer than peduncle. Last pair of legs scarcely longer than body. Legs slender. Uropoda obliquely truncate OU pS? = - ek te Bere apc A teens cea ota tae aie Munna fabricii Kroyer b’. Caudal segment with lateral edges rather bulging in front, and each armed with four strong denticles; without any serrulated lamellee. Eyessmall. First pair of antenn:e with flagellum composed of three joints, including very small apical joint. Flagellum of second antennz not attaining length of peduncle. Last pair of legs scarcely longer than anterior division of body. Legs shorter and stouter than usual. Uropoda produced at tip into several dentiform projec- tions, one of which is hook-like.....--.-.--.--------1 Munna kroyert Goodsir a’, Surface of body covered with numerous spines. Eyes absent. Munna ceca, new species MUNNA FABRICII Krégyer. Munna fabriciti Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. (2), I, 1846-1849, p. 380; Voy. en Seand., Crust., 1849, pl. xxxt, figs. la-q.—Reruarpt, Naturhistorisk Bidrag til en Beskrivelse af Gronland, 1857, p. 35.—M. Sars, Chr. Vid. Selsk. Forh., 1858, p. 154, 1859.—LiirKen, Crust. Greenland, 1875, p. 150.—HarGer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 159; Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 325-328, pl. 11, fig. 14.—Hansen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kjobenhavn, 1887-88, pp. 193-194.—G. O. Sars, Crust. Norway, II, 1899, pp. 108-109, pl. xiv, fig. 2.— Srepprnc, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), V, 1900, p. 14.—Ricnarpson, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 300; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 556. Localities.—South Bay, Eastport; Casco Bay; Western Bank; Browns Bank; southern Greenland; Godhaven, Kgedesminde, Uper- nivik, latitude 66° 80’ north, longitude, 54° 50’ west; also coast of Finmark; coast of Norway. Depth.—4+ to 200 fathoms. Sars says it occurs, in moderate depths, among Hydroida. ‘* Body rather short and compact, with the anterior division rounded aSee Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 106. t ? vi > ? ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. ASt oval in outline. Ocular processes rather thick and less prominent than in Munna limicola. Caudal segment oblong oval, but slightly narrowed behind, lateraledges evenly convex, and eacharmed in front with a single slender denticle; apical lamelle dis- tinctly serrated. Eyes rather large, semi-globose. Supe- riorantenne scarcely reaching to the middle of penultimate peduncular joint of the inferior SS Pa — ones; flagellum composed of of / j AN \ only four joints, including the 7 f i ‘'y very smallapicalone. Inferior alae I K antenne rather slender, with ¢ i ' the flagellum longer than the i j peduncle. Legs comparatively slender, though less rapidly in- ; creasing in length posteriorly than in the two preceding species (LW. boech? Kroyer and JM. /imicola Sars); first pair, as usual, much the shortest, Fig. 588.—MUNNA FABRICII (AFTER HARGER). X 20. Fig. 5389.—MUNNA FABRICII (AFTER SARS). @, FIRST LEG. b, FIRST ANTENNA. Cc, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. d, SEVENTH LEG. ¢€, EXTREMITY OF SECOND LEG. jf, SECOND LEG. g, ABDOMEN AND UROPODA. fh, EXTREMITY OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. 7, UROPOD, 28589—05 ol 482 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. with the carpus somewhat shorter than the propodus, and armed inside with three spines; last pair scarcely longer than the body, carpal joint somewhat dilated distally. Uropoda obliquely truncated at the tip, and setose at each corner. Color dark brown, from numerous pig- mentary spots forming irregular shadows. Length of adult female scarcely reaching to 3 mm.”—G, O, Sars.“ a JT D i Fia. 540.—MUNNA KR@YERI (AFTER SARS). a, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, FIRST LEG OF FEMALE, c, SECOND LEG OF FEMALE. d, FIRST ANTENNA. ¢€, ABDOMEN OF FEMALE WITH UROPODA (DORSAL j, ABDOMEN OF MALE WITH UROPODA (VENTRAL VIEW). k, FIRST LEG OF MALE. aOrust. of Norway, I, 1899, pp. 108-109, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 483 MUNNA KROYERI Goodsir. Munna kroyeri Goonvsir, Edinburgh New Phil. Jour., XX XIIT, 1842, p. 365, pl. vi, fig. 2.—Barr and Wesrwoop, Brit. sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, p. 326. Munna whiteana Bare and Westwoop, Brit. sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, p. 329. Munna kroyeri Hansen, Vid. Medd. naturh. Foren. i Kj@bh., 1888, pp. 194-195. Sars, Crust. Norway, II, 1899, pp. 109-110, pl. xuvt, fig. 1.—RicnHarpson, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 300; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 556. Localities. —Godhavn and Upernivik, Greenland; also, coast of Norway. Depth.—10 to 60 fathoms. ‘** Body of female somewhat robust, with the anterior division oval in form and the segments very sharply marked off from each other and clothed laterally with scattered hairs. Body in male, as usual, much narrower. Ocular processes conically tapered. Caudal seg- ment comparatively short, scarcely more than half as long as the mes- osome, and rounded oyal in form, lateral edges rather bulging in front, and each armed with four strong denticles, the posterior pair subdor- sal, tip bluntly produced, and without any serrated lamelle. Eyes comparatively small, at least in female. Superior antenne very short, extending not nearly to the middle of the penultimate peduncular joint of the inferior ones; flagellum composed of only three articula- tions, including the very small apical joint. Inferior antennze, as compared with those in the other known species, of inconsiderable length, scarcely as long as the body, flagellum not attaining the length of the peduncle. First pairs of legs in female of the usual structure, in male considerably stronger, with the carpus considerably expanded and produced at the end inside to an acute thumb-like projection, the inner edge of the joint densely setiferous. Ambulatory legs in both sexes shorter and stouter than usual, last pair scarcely exceeding in length the anterior division of the body. Uropoda produced at the tip into several dentiform projections, one of which assumes a hook- like appearance. Color pale yellowish, slightly mottled with light brown. Length of adult female about 3 mm.”—G. O. Sars.¢ MUNNA CECA, new species. Body ovate; surface rough and spiny, beset with numerous long and small spines. Head produced in front between the basal articles of the antenne in a rounded process. Eyes absent. Dorsal surface of head beset with long, narrow spines. About the middle of the head is a long median spine, with a shorter one on either side. On either side of the shorter spines is another long spine. Close to the lateral margin isa long spine. The antero-lateral lobes are produced in bifid spines. «Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 109-110. 484 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. On either side of the head the lateral margin is produced in a large spine. Numerous small spines also beset the dorsal surface of the head. The first patr of antenn have the first two articles about equal in length, the second a little more slender than the first; the third article is twice as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of twenty-three articles and extends about two-thirds the length of the fourth article of the peduncle of the second pair of antenne. The first three articles of the peduncle of the second pair of antennz are short and beset with numerous spines; the fourth article is very oe yd ‘ S ~ a 8 Fic. 541.—MUNNA CHCA. xX 6. long; the fifth is equai in Jength to the fourth. The flagellum is composed of about twenty-seven articles. The first four segments of the thorax are the largest. The thorax is broadest about the third and fourth segments. The following three segments become gradually much narrower and shorter. The first segment is beset with numerous long e, slender spines. There is a long, conspicuous spine on either side of the lateral margin of each segment, and numerous spines, both long and short, with stiff hairs on the dorsal bs Piast ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 485 surface. A long, conspicuous spine projects forward on either side of the first thoracic seement at the place of union of the lateral part of the segment with the dorsal portion. The same occurs on the third segment. The abdomen tapers to a bluntly pointed extrem- ity. About two-thirds the distance between the base and the extremity are two strong tubercles, one on either side of the median Jine. On either side of the median line, where there is a comparatively smooth area, the surface of the abdomen is covered with long and short spines. There are also two long spines on either side of the lateral mar- gin near the middle of the segment, and numerous ones near the base. The first pair of legs are pre- hensile. All the others are ambu- latory, and very much elongated. The uropoda are small, almost inconspicuous, single-branched, and composed of only one tiny article. A single specimen of this species was collected by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer 48’ north, longitude 80° 30! west, on S. polaris; latitude 64° 56’ north, longitude 66> 18’ west, on S. phippsii; off Marthas Vineyard, on Pandalus leptocerus and S. Lilje- —— OE a ee ae re a ne ee eee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 501 horgii; Casco Bay, Maine, on P. borealis; West Greenland; North Greenland; Baftin Land; East Greenland. Pacific coast localities: Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, Washington, on Spirontocaris grenlandica, off North Head, Akutan Island, Alaska, on S. arcuata; Straits of Fuca, between Washington and Vancouver Island, on S. townsendi; Admiralty Inlet, Puget Sound, Washington, on S. tridens; Washington Sound, Straits of Fuca, Washington, on S. Fig. 550.—PHRYXUS ABDOMINALIS (AFTER SARS). Gd, LEG OF MALE. b, SPECIMEN OF SPIRONTOCARIS LILLJEBORGII INFESTED WITH PARASITE. C, MALE (DORSAL VIEW). d, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. @, FIRST LEG OF FEMALE. jf, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL VIEW). g, FOURTH LEG OF FEMALE. h, VEN- TRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 7, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN OF FEMALE. Jj, RIGHT PART OF BODY OF FEMALE. k, SAME (VENTRAL SIDE). 1, MAXILLIPEDS. m, FIFTH TO SEVENTH RUDIMENTARY LEGS. tridens; off Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia, on S. macroph- thalma,; off Yahwhit Head, Washington, on S. macrophthalma, Mliu- liuk Harbor, Unalaska, on S. suchleyi; Arctic Ocean on S. gaimardii belcheri (Bell); Plover Bay, East Siberia, on S. polar7s (Sabine); Alaska on S. polaris (Sabine); off Cape Strogonoff, Alaska, on S. fabricii 502 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. (Kroyer); off Shumagin Bank, Alaska, on S. db¢wnguiés Rathbun; off Point Arena, California, on S. macrophthalma; Straits of Fuea on S. townsend? Rathbun; Philippine Islands on P7e- sionika semilevis (according to Spence Bate); @ Gulf of Georgia, off Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, on Spirontocaris bispinosa Holmes; Ad- miralty Inlet, vicinity of Port Townsend, on Sp7- rontocaris tridens Rathbun; vicinity of Naha Bay, Behm Canal, southeast Alaska, on Sp7rontocaris nucrophthalma Rathbun; Uyak Bay, Kadiak Island, on Spirontocaris suckleyt (Stimpson); latitude 66° 30’ north, longitude 54° 50’ west, on Pandalus montagui Leach; latitude 66° 32’ north, longitude b 55° 34’ west, on Spirontocaris spinus (Sowerby); latitude 66° 45’ north, longitude 59° 30’ west, on Spirontocaris spinus; Ukertokfjord on Spironto- caris spinus, latitude 66> 56’ north, longitude 54° 45’ west, on Sp/rontocaris spinus, latitude 67° 51’ north, longitude 55° 15’ west, on Sp/rontocaris spinus; latitude 69°54’ north, longitude 55° 34’ Fig. 551—Puryxvs as- west, on Sp/rontocaris spinus; Upernavik on Spi- Pe rontocaris gaimardii Milne Edwards and Spironto- MENS FOUND ON: 4, CUP7S phippsii Kroyer; Grinnell Land, Franklin Sana oh ce: ae eierce: Bay, Or latitude 79° 99’ north; Cape Napo- LAND. x27}. b,Panpa- leon, or latitude 79° 388’ north, on Spcrontocaris eg eee MOLOTS (Sabine); Discovery Bay, or latitude 81° < 273. ¢, Pannatus 44’ north, on Sp/rontocaris polaris (Sabine); Green- Pc. ooo ean Spirontocaris spinus, Spirontocaris phipp- si/, and Sp/rontocaris gaimardii. Also recorded from the British Isles; Scandinavian coast; Spitz- bergen; Kara Sea; coast of Norway. c d Fia. 552.—PHRYXUS ABDOMINALIS. ABDOMEN OF MALE FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: @, SPIRONTOCARIS a b GRGNLANDICUS FROM ADMIRALTY INLET, VICINITY OF PORT TOWNSEND. X 27}. b, PANDALUS LEP- TOCERUS FROM OFF BLOCK ISLAND. 27}. ¢, SPIRONTOCARIS SICA FROM OFF SAN LUIS OBISPO BAY, CALIFORNIA. 271. d, SPIRONTOCARIS SICA FROM OFF SAN SIMEON BAY, CALIFORNIA. X 205. Depth.—5 to 351 fathoms. Body of female very asymmetrical. Length 9mm. Width 7 mm. «Challenger Report, 1888: Crustacea Macrura, XXIV, pp. 645-646. Dh hE ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5038 Head as wide as long, 1} mm. :13 mm., with the anterior margin straight and produced at the sides in small lateral processes. Poste- rior margin rounded. Head deeply set in thorax. Eyes absent. The seven segments of the thorax are well defined on one side and in the dorsal region. On the opposite side, however, they merge into and are continuous with the large marsupial pouch which occu- pies the entire ventral and lateral portion of the individual. All seven legs are present on the side of the body which has the seg- ments well defined. On the opposite side, however, only the first leg is present. Ovarian bosses are present on the first four segments on the shorter side. Lateral to these are the epimera which occupy the whole of the lateral margin. Epimera are also present on the last three segments on the shorter side. Neither ovarian bosses nor epim- era are present on the longer side of the body. The abdomen is composed of five segments, all distinct. The fifth segment is very small and tapers posteriorly to a pointed extremity. There are no uropoda. There are four pairs of double-branched pleopoda. The outer branchesare large oval, elongated lamellie, leaf- like in shape and larger on the larger side of the body, where they le upon the dorsal surface of the marsupium in its expanded lateral portion. The inner branches are small. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle, of which those of one side are large and greatly developed, occupying the whole of the lateral and ventral side of the body and completely inclosing the eggs, while those of the shorter side of the body are very small and much reduced in size. The male is narrow, elongate, 3 mm. long and 1 mm. wide. The head is rounded anteriorly and the eyes are present. The first pair of antennze consist of three articles. The second pair of antennz are composed of four or five articles. The seven segments of the thorax are well defined, and have the lateral margins straight. All the segments of the abdomen are coal- esced inasingle seement which tapers to a pointed extremity. There are no uropoda or pleopoda. The specimen described is found parasitic on Sp7rontocaris town- sendi Rathbun. 82. Genus IONE Latreille. Female with the lateral parts or pleural lamellae of the abdomen elongated, digitate. There are usually five pairs of double-branched pleopoda. The uropoda consist of two elongate simple curved processes, with mar- gins smooth, not digitate. Male with the segments of the abdomen more or less fused; lateral parts or pleural lamelle in the form of narrow elongated processes. Branchial parasites. 504 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS IONE. @ a, Lateral parts or pleural lamellee of the abdominal segments in female twice as long as the uropoda. Basal article of legs with an elevated eminence the margin of which is irregular. Abdominal segments in male completely fused. Tone brevicauda Bonnier a’, Lateral parts or pleural lamellee of the abdominal segments in the female not longer than the uropoda. Basal article of legs with two elevations or carinze the margins of which are regular. Abdominal segments in male less com- pletely fused is 2 = Ase teense ee ee ere eae ee Tone thompsoni Richardson IONE CORNUTA Spence Bate. Tone cornuta Spence Barer, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 668; Lord’s Natu- ralist in British Columbia, II, 1866, p. 282.—Batrr and Wesrwoop, British Sessile-eyed Crustacea, II, 1868, p. 253.—Grarp and Bonnigr, Travaux de Institute Zool. de Lille et du Laboratoire Maritime de Wimereux, V, 1887, p. 77.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 869; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 338; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 308.—Bonnigr, Trav. de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 245- 247.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p. 75. Localities.—Esquimault Harbor, British Columbia, on Cal/canussu longimana,; Vancouver Island. ‘*Mas: pleonem terminatum rotunde. ‘*The male differs from the description of the European species chiefly in having the caudal extremity terminating obtusely and in having shorter antennee. **Fom., subequilateralis, lateralia cornua cephalonis habens recur- vata, pleopoda longa et arborea. ‘*The female has the antero-lateral horn-like process of the cephalon curved posteriorly. The pereion is not quite equilaterally developed. The cox of the four anterior pairs of the pereiopoda are round, and all attached to the antero-lateral margin of the segments of the pereion. The cox of the three posterior are the larger, and produced posteriorly to a point. The pleopoda are long and fringed with arbo- rescent branchi. ‘‘This is the only species known besides that taken by Colonel Montagu on the southern coast of England. ‘*Length, male, +; female # of an inch. ‘Taken attached to the branchia of Callianassa longimana.”— SPENCE Barts.’ ‘*This species is much larger than that of the European form and differs from it chiefly in having the lateral extremities of the somite or segment which bears the antenne, posteriorly produced up each side of the head, after the manner of lateral horns. All the pereiopoda “ Tone cornuta Spence Bate is not included in the key because the description of this form does not give details as to the characters, and because it is very probable that the form described by Bonnier is identical with Jone cornuta. »>Lord’s Naturalist in British Columbia, II, 1866, p. 282. ee ’ gt eae iad i ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5O5 are short and powerfully subchelate. The branchial appendages are arborescent and pendulous; to the inner extremity of which two appendages are attached, each of which inversely increases as the other decreases; so that one is largest nearest the pereion of the animal, while the other is longest nearest the caudal extremity. To the posterior of these the male animal attaches itself by means of the seventh pair of pereiopoda.” Spence Bare.“ IONE BREVICAUDA Bonnier. Tone brevicauda Bonnier, Tray. de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 248-250, pl. rv. Localities. California, at San Francisco, on Callianassa William Stimpson; Gulf of Georgia. The adult female measures 6.7 mm. and differs at first sight from Tone thoracica and [one vicina in the compact form of the body and the large dimensions of the dorsal surface, which is perfectly symmet- rical; the pleural lamellee of the first thoracic segments do not present the differences in dimensions of the other species of the genus; those of the first two segments are, on the right as on the left, almost equal and do not extend backward beyond the following segment; those of the two following segments are smaller, and are inserted in a small and narrow portion of the pleural margin of the segment, on the anterior part; finally the pleural lamalle of the last three segments, and especially those of the sixth and seventh, are not longer than the pro- longations of the entire lateral margin, the width of which they have, with, moreover, some small sinuses in their inferior margin. The first four thoracic segments, moreover, haye each a pair of pleural bosses, regularly rounded and very distinct. The appendages of the head do not present anything of importance; one can only point out that the palp of the maxillipeds is exceedingly reduced and is merely a small Jamella inserted in a notch and terminating in three little hairs, and also that the inferior lamella of the head is relatively much larger and that the secondary lamelle are more developed; the third, the inner lamella, exists also in this American species. The legs are identical with those of /. thoracica, except perhaps the irreg- ular elevations (or carine) of the basis are more accentuated. The oostegites (or incubatory lamelle) are identical with those of the other species and, as with them, are covered on their external parts with simple or bifid hairs haying rough extremities; the only difference to be noted is that, in the first oostegite (lamella), the digitations of the inner ridge are much smaller and more numerous and there is also a difference in the arrangement of the hairs on the inferior margin. @ Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1863, X X XII, p. 98. 506 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The ventral surface of the last segments of the thorax and the first segments of the abdomen has longitudinal keels as is usual. The abdomen is also very characteristic; the prolongations of the FIG. 553.—IONE BREVICAUDA (AFTER BONNIER). 4, DORSAL VIEW OF ADULT FEMALE. 0, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. ¢, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 4, First INCUBATORY LAMELLA. e, VENTRAL VIEW OF HEAD OF FEMALE (RIGHT MAXILLIPED REMOVED). jf, BUCCAL ROSTRUM AND ANTENN OF FEMALE. g, ABDOMEN OF FEMALE (DORSAL VIEW). h, EXTREMITY OF MAXILLIPED. 7, LEG OF FEMALE. j, LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF VENTRAL PORTION OF -FIRST INCUBATORY LAMELLA. k, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL SIDE). pleural lamelle are here very much more developed than in the EKuro- pean species and they increase in leneth from the first to the sixth, "I a i a ee 7! per. 4 * a aS. eee me? ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5OT which is twice as long as the first; they are like long branches which become narrower toward the distal extremity and they are divided into distinct articles each one of which gives origin, on its inferior margin to long ramified digitations, those near the base being espe- cially long. On the ventral side there are two pairs of bi-ramous pleo- pods, the branches of which are of equal length, but not of the same width; the inner branches are certainly much larger, especially on the first pairs. The uropoda have the usual form of the other species of the genus, but they are here relatively much shorter and do not reach even half the length of the pleural prolongation of the sixth segment of the abdomen. The male measures 4.5 mm.; it is relatively large in comparison with the size of its European congeners and does not present any differences except in the form of the pleural prolongations of the abdomen; they are slightly attenuated at their two extremities, especially at the distal extremity. The first three pairs of legs have the dactylus pointed while those of the other pairs are blunt, recalling the form of the corre- sponding organs in the female.“ @The above description is adapted from the following one of Bonnier’s: La femelle adulte (fig. 1 et 2) mesure 6 mm. 7 et différe 4 premiére vue d’ lone thoracica et a’. vicina par la forme ramassce du corps et la large dimension de la surface dorsale, qui est parfaitement symétrique; les lames pleurales des premiers somites thoraciques ne présentent pas les inégalités de dimensions des autres espéces du genre; celles des deux premiers sont, 4 droite comme A gauche, a peu pres équiva- lentes et ne dépassent pas en arriére Je somite suivant; celles des deux segments suivants sont plus petites, insérées par une partie rétrécie au bord pleural du somite, sur la partie antérieure; enfin les lames pleurales des trois derniers somites ne sont plus, surtout celles des sixiéme et septiéme, que les prolongements de tout le bord latéral dont elles ont la largeur et avec, en plus, quelques petites sinuosités 4 leur bord inférieur. Les quatre premiers somites thoraciques portent en outre chacun une paire de bosses pleurales réguliérement arrondies et trés nette. Les appendices de la téte n’offrent rien de particulier: on peut seulement noter que la palpe du maxillipéde est excessivement réduit, ce n’est plus qu’une toute petite lamelle décou- pée dans une échancrure et terminée par trois petits poils (fig. 5), et aussi que la lame inférieure du céphalon est relativement beaucoup plus large et que les lamelles secondaires sont plus développées; la troisiéme, la lamelle interne, existe aussi dans cette espéce américaine. Les péreiopodes sont identiques 4 ceux de J. thoracica, saut peut-étre que les éminences irréguliéres du basipodite sont plus accentuées (fig. 8). Les oostégites sont identiques 4 ceux des autres espéces et, comme eux, couverts dans leurs parties externes de poils simples ou bifides 4 extrémités squameuses: la seule différence 4 noter est que, dans le premier oostégite, les digitations de la créte interne sont beaucoup plus fines et plus nombreuses (fig. 7) et il a aussi une différence dans Vimplantation des poils du bord inférieur (fig. 6). La surface ventrale des derniers somites du péreion et des premiers du pléon est plissée longitudinalement, comme cela se présente d’ordinaire. Le pléon (fig. 9) est aussi trés caractéristique: les prolongements des lames pleurales sonteici bien plus développés que dans les espéces d’ Europe et ils croissent de longueur du premier au sixiéme qui est deux fois plus long que le premier: ce sont des sortes de longues tiges qui vont en s’amincissant vers l’extrémité distale et elles se divisent en de véritables articles distincts dont chacun émet sur son bord inférieur 508 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. IONE THOMPSONI Richardson. Tone thompsoni Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, pp. 75-78. Locality.—North Falmouth, on Callianassa stimpson?. Body of female longer than broad. Head deeply set in thorax, its anterior margin produced in a crenu- lated border. The antero-lateral lobes of the frontal border extend some distance beyond the sides of the head. The posterior portion of the head is evenly rounded. The first antennz are three jointed; the second pair are five jointed. All the thoracic segments are distinct, with distinct epimera (‘‘lames pleurales” of Giard and Bonnier), in the form of large rounded lobes, not elongated. In the first two segments these epi- meral lobes occupy the anterior portions of the lateral parts of the seg- ments; in the third segment they are placed about the center of the lateral margin; in the fourth and fifth segments they occupy more of a posterior position; in the sixth and seventh segments they occupy the entire lateral margin. Ovarian bosses are present on the first four segments, along the anterior portion of the segment. The six segments of the abdomen are distinct, and are produced laterally, each in a pair of elongated and jointed appendages, furnished with numerous mammilliform, branching appendages, originating from the posterior margin and extending downward. Thus there are six pairs of appendages corresponding to the ‘*lames epimeriennes du pleon” of Giard and Bonnier. The pleopoda consist of four pairs of double-branched appendages and one pair of single-branched appendages.“ The inner branches of the first four pairs fold over the ventral side, meeting in the median line. These branches are all large and of nearly equal size and thickly de longues digitations ramifiées qui le sont d’autant plus qu’elles sont plus prés de la base. A la face ventrale (fig. 2) on voit deux paires de pléopodes biramés, dont les rames sont de méme longueur, mais non de méme largeur: les endopodites sont beaucoup plus larges en effet, surtout sur les premiéres paires. Les uropodes ont la forme ordinaire des autres espéces du genre, mais ils sont ici relativement beaucoup plus courts et n’atteignent méme pas la moitié de la longueur du prolongement pleural du sixiéme somite du pléon. Le mile (fig. 10) mesure + mm. 5; il est grand, relativement a la taille de ses congénéres d’ Europe et il ne présente de différences que dans la forme des prolonge- ments pleuraux du pléon: ils sont légérement atténués a leurs deux extrémités, sur- tout Vila distale. Les péreiopodes des trois premiéres paires ont des dactylopodites aigus, tandis que ceux des autres paires sont émoussés et rappellent la forme des JuLes Bonnier, Travaux de la Station zool. organes correspondants dans la femelle. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 248-250. «The young female of Jone thompsoni has the last pair of pleopoda double-branched, the two branches similar, however. The inner branches of the first four segments are quite different from those of the outer branches, as is true of the adult female, and lie folded over the abdomen as in the adult deseribed. iia eet eS . ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 509 tuberculate, the first two pairs being somewhat larger than the last two pairs. The outer branches of the first four pairs and the fifth pair of pleopoda consist of narrow, elongated appendages crenulated on their outer margins and thickly tuberculate. The appendages of < 6. b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. o (y AH ex SS ; RO MSY VDSS k / V; a, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. IONE THOMPSONI, 5d4. FIG. the sixth abdominal segment, the uropoda, are a pair of simple, cylin- drical, elongated lobes, recurved at their extremities, and not reach- ing beyond the mass of epimeral appendages. The incubatory pouch is formed of five pairs of lamellae, five issuing from one side and five from the other. ‘The first pair are much smaller than the others, and are entirely concealed by the second pair. The seven pairs of legs are all similar. and terminate in a prehensile 510 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. hand. There are two expansions or carine on the basis of all the legs, the anterior one being only half as long as the other. Male with all the segments of the thorax distinct. Eyes wanting. Antenne conspicuous, six jointed. Antennule, three jointed. The segments of the abdomen are more or less distinct, all six furnished ‘ each witha pair of elongated leaf- [ a like tapering appendages. pe ) Two specimens were collected ae ys by Mr.G. M. Gray at North Fal- mouth, Massachusetts. They Fig. 555.-Ioxe Were foundon Callianassa stimp- THOMPSONI. ggn7 MAXILLIPED. r : a > The species is named for Dr. Millett T. Thompson, from whom the speci- mens were received. Type.—Cat. No. 29091, U.S.N.M. This species is apparently very close to / cornuta Spence Bate, from Vancouver Island. It agrees with /. cornuta in the absence of the elongated epimeral lobes (lames pleurales), in which both species differ from /. thoracica (Montagu). Lone thompsoni and I. cornuta are both much larger species than /. thoracica. In the description of J. cornuta,” the author says that the coxe of the three posterior segments of the thorax are larger than the four anterior, and are produced posteriorly to a point. This is not true of /. thompsoni, in which the epimera of the three posterior thoracic segments are smaller than those of the ante- rior segments, although they Fie.557.—Ione THomPsoNI. occupy the entire lateral mar- LEG OF SIXTH PAIR OF : : / ADULT FEMAte, wi. 2in, and they are rounded: pos- ~ teriorly and not produced to a point. Spence Bate also speaks, in reference to /. cornuta, of the antero-lateral ‘* horn-like process of the cephalon? curving posteriorly.” In Z. thomp- soni, these lateral processes or lobes extend out straightat the sides. Bate and Westwood, in describing /. cornuta, state that the last pair of inner saccular branches of the pleopoda are almost obsolete. There are but four pairs of inner branches in /. thompson?. The above quoted authors also describe the inner branches of the pleopoda as gradually diminishing in size to the last pair, whereas the outer branches gradually increase in size. This is not true of FG. 556.—IONE THOMPSONI. FIRST LAMELLA OF MARSUPIUM. x 10. FIG. 558.—IONE THOMP- SONI. MALE. x8. I, thOMPSONT. « Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 668. » British Sessile-eyed Crustacea, II, 1868, p. 254. rin ait ela Oi Tee ie ee tii i a i eee ae | 2 ; ; a ee . ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. aL 83. Genus LEIDYA Cornalia and Paneeri. Abdomen distinctly segmented. Pleural lamellee or lateral parts of the first five segments of the abdomen lanceolate, finely fringed. Legs of female terminate in a short, blunt claw. Exopods present and nearly equal on all seven pairs of legs. The pleopods are ‘* lanceolate and fringed.” Male has the abdomen distinctly segmented. There are five pairs of simple rudimentary pleopods. Uropoda simple, in the form of two long appendages attached to the sixth abdominal segment. Branchial parasites. LEIDYA DISTORTA (Leidy). Cepon distortus Letpy, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila. (2), IIT, 1855, p. 150, pl. x1, figs. 26-32. Leidya distorta Cornauia and Pancert, Mem. R. Acad. Sci., Torino (2), XIX, 1858-1861, p. 114. Cepon distortus HARGER, Rep. U. S. Fish Comm., Pt. 1, 1873, p. 573 (279); Proe. Was Nats Muss, Ti s879) p. d57;eRep. Ul Ss; Kish Comm, 11879) p. 157; Pt. 6, 1880, p. 311.—Kossmann, Zool. Ergeb. einer Reise in die Kiust. des Rothen Meeres, III, Malacostraca, 1880, p. 122; Mittheil. aus der Zool. Station zu Neapel, III, 1881, first half, p. 182. Phryxus distortus Wauz, Arbeit. aus d. Zoolog. Instit. d. Univers. Wien, IV, 1882, Dp. 09: Leidya distorta GARD and Bonnier, Tray. du Labor. de Wimereux, V, 1887, p. 68, fig. 12. Cepon distortus RicHARDSON, Am. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 309. Leidya distorta Richarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 579. Locality.—Atlantie City, New Jersey, in the branchial ravity of Uca pugilator. ‘*Female: Body com- pressed and distorted ovoid, white; abdominal scales com- pletely concealing the pink- ish white ova. Head prom- inent, provided with a pair of large oval disks situated posteriorly. Mouth minute, at the summit of a trilobate papilla. Antenne very small and indistinct. Divisions rig. 559.—LEIDYA DISTORTA (AFTER LEIDY). a, Dor- of the thorax posteriorly SAL Ey OF FEMALE. ), VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. strongly costate. Feet in ” ere ec seven pairs, curved forward and downward, ending in a_ short recurved, abortive hooklet. Abdomen deeply segmented. Branchial appendages lanceolate, fringed. 512 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ‘*Male: Body long and slender, divided into fourteen segments. Head subrotund. Internal antennze short and robust, 3-jointed; joints spinous. External antenn long, 7-jointed; the first two joints spinous, the others bristled. First joint of the thorax transversely oblong, the remainder de- pressed, pyriform in out- line. Feet in seven pairs, the ante-penultimate joint spinous, the penultimate joint broad and with the claw recurved. Abdomi- nal segments depressed, pyriform in outline, each provided with a pair of ages. Length of female four lines, breadth three Fic. 560.—LEIDYA DISTORTA (AFTER LEIDY). a, DORSAL lines; length of male one VIEW OF MALE, b, ABDOMINAL SEGMENTS OF MALE WITH and a quarter lines: ?—= PECULIAR APPENDAGES. ¢, RIGHT LEG OF MALE. d, peculiar ventral append- ages, and, except the fifth one, with a lateral irregu- lar pigment cell. Caudal segment round, with a pair of divergent append- | | HEAD OF MALE WITH ANTENN#. ALL MAGNIFIED. inrpy.@ | 1 84. Genus GRAPSICEPON Giard and Bonnier. i . : : | emale with two median dorsa ercles, one on the sixth anc Ff ] th t adian dorsal tubercles, on n the sixth and the other on the seventh thoracic segment. j . | Five anterior seoments of abdomen with the lateral parts or pleural } 2 7 . . . . . . | lamelle produced into lone, tapering prolongations, which are digi- l g, t=) a 7 oa i tate. Abdomen distinctly segmented. Pleopoda in five pairs, well developed, double-branched; outer branches similar to the pleural lamelle of the segments; inner branches in the form of large tubercles. i Uropoda consisting of two elongate lamelle similar to the outer branches of the pleopoda or the pleural lamelle of the abdominal i segments. Male with all the segments of the thorax and abdomen distinct. There are five pairs of rudimentary pleopods. The uropoda are rep- resented by two bunches of stiff hairs. Branchial parasites. “Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (2), III, 1855, p. 150, pl. x1, figs. 26-82. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5S GRAPSICEPON EDWARDSII Giard and Bonnier. Grapsicepon edwardsii GrARD and Bonnier, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sciences, CVI, 1888, p. 1.—Hansen, Ergebn. d. Plankton Exped. der Humboldt Stiftung, TI, 1895, p. 48.—Giarp and Bonnter, Travaux de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 263-266, pls. virt, 1x. Localities.—¥F lorida stream; also Sargasso Sea. The adult female has a general globular form, flattened on the dorsal surface and terminated at its posterior extremity by a group of slender appendages with digitate edges; it measures 1.9 mm. from the frontal border to the sixth segment of the abdomen. The head forms a single and projecting mass, which is surrounded anteriorly and on the sides by a large undulating anterior lamina or border; on the inner side are found the very small, three-articulate first antenne, which are situated some distance apart; the last two articles are fur- nished with several small hairs having a rough surface; the second pair of antenne are equally short, the first article is large, half con- solidated with the head, and the other four articles decrease in size to the last, which is furnished with several hairs; their surface presents the same appearance as that of the first pair of antenne. The rostrum is elevated and particularly distinct; from the notched point of the inferior lip one can see the tip of the mandibles projecting, which is in the form of the bowl of a spoon with the edge finely denticulate. The maxilliped possesses an elongated palp terminating in little, short hairs. The inferior margin of the head is cut up on both sides ina pair of little lamelle of almost equal size, the cuticle of which is rough and the extremity blunt. The first four thoracic segments are large and are in the form of cushions; on their lateral margins are strong pleural bosses with con- tours rather indistinct and with a rudimentary pleural lamella; the three other segments are much narrower, their pleural lamella is rather distinct, and the dorsal surfaces of the sixth and seventh seg- ments are elevated in very sharp points in the median line of the body. The ventral side of the thorax is completely hidden by the incubatory vavity, which is very regularly developed; the first of the oostegites (lamelle) has an inner edge with several large digitations, and its pos- terior part does not present a margin dentated or notched. The legs are very reduced, which is in correspondence with the almost useless part which they have to play in the fixation of the parasite, firmly maintained in place by all the carapace of the host. The fourth of these appendages is figured; under the rounded lateral margin, the coxa shows a very solid chitinous armature, intended to move the oostegite (lamella), which is attached there by the median nerve; the basis is very large, flattened, and almost square; the ischium is much narrower; the two following articles are fused and the propodus 28589—05——33 514 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. is not much developed; the dactylus has the form of a little, short claw, not reaching the end of the palmary margin of the preceding article. The abdomen, in the median part, is very short and very slender; ‘ts entire size comes from the extraordinary development of its Fic. 561.—GRAPSICEPON EDWARDSI (AFTER BONNIER). @, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, ABDOMEN OF MALE (VENTRAL VIEW). ¢, VENTRAL VIEW OF HEAD OF FEMALE (FIRST RIGHT INCUBATORY LAMELLA REMOVED). @, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE, @, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL SIDE). Jf, VEN- TRAL VIEW OF MALE. g, SEVENTH THORACIC SEGMENT OF MALE (VENTRAL SIDE). /, FIRST LEG WITH INCUBATORY LAMELLA. 7, THE SAME (INNER FACE). pleural prolongations and of their appendages. The first form long lamelle: which rise parallel toward the anterior part of the body and ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 515 the edges of which are formed of a considerable and dense quantity of long digitations, some of which are subdivided into secondary digita- tions; these prolongations are especially developed on the first segments of the abdomen; they decrease in length on the last segments. The [UPL i Leg Bee J S Fic. 562.—GRAPSICEPON EDWARDSI (AFTER BONNIER). @, VENTRAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN. b, INFE. RIOR PART OF HEAD WITH RIGHT MAXILLIPED. ¢, BotH ANTENNE. d, RIGHT LEG OF FOURTH PAIR (FEMALE). ¢, ROSTRUM WITH RIGHT MANDIBLE IN SITU. f, PARASITE IN BRANCHIAL CAVITY OF HOST. g, LAST THORACIC SEGMENTS (DORSAL VIEW). h, EXTREMITIES OF THE MANDIBLES. outer branches of the pleopods present exactly the same form as the pleural parts, but they increase in length in an inverse order, from the first to the fifth segment, where they are the longest; the inner branches are reduced to large tubercles with irregular surface, fixed 516 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. to the base of the insertion of the pleopods. The last segment of the abdomen bears only two uropods, of the same conformation as the pleural Jamelle and the outer branches of the pleopoda of the preced- ing segments, but they are of a length exceeding the longest of these’ appendages. Turned back and laid on the dorsal surface, they extend to the middle of the thorax. The male, unknown in the other species of the genus, recalls a great deal, in its general form, that of the genus Cancricepon. It measures in its greatest dimension 0.55 mm. The first antenne are composed of three articles, the second antenne of five articles, the most of which are furnished with stiff hairs; there are no maxillipeds. In the median line of the thorax are spherical tubercles which are also present. in the same place on the first three segments of the abdomen; their external surface is covered with little pectinate scales. The legs are short, robust, and terminate in a pointed claw. The genital open- ings are visible on both sides of the ventral tubercle of the seventh thoracic segment, and in a clear area lighter than the rest of the cuticle. Rudiments of pleopods are seen on the first five segments of the abdomen, and the uropods are represented on the sixth segment only by two little bunches of stiff hairs. In general there is but a single adult male on a female; I ought, however, to note as rather frequent the presence of several males on the same female; I have counted just four of them between the pleo- pods and the pleura, and, a curious thing, all of them having abso- lutely the same form, they do not have the same size. One of them was a little more than half the size of the largest, the other two were of intermediate size. The ventral bosses appeared in the three indi- viduals of smaller size on the five segments of the abdomen, while in the largest specimen they actually were present only on the first three. It is probable that the number of these bosses decrease with age. The same fact is equally true of Cancricepon elegans.“ «The above description is adapted from the following one of Bonnier’s: La femelle adulte a une forme générale globuleuse, aplatie sur la surface dorsale et terminée a son extrémité postérieure par un bouquet d’appendices effilés 4 bords digités; elle mesure, du bord frontal au sixiéme somite du pléon, 1 mm., 9. La téte forme une masse unique et saillante qui est entourée antérieurement et sur les cétés par une large lame antérieure flottante; 4 la face interne se trouvait, 4 une assez grande distance, l’une de lautre, les antennules trés petites et tri-articulées; les deux derniers articles portent quelques petites soies et leur surface est squameuse; les antennes sont également courtes, le premier article est large, 4 moitié soudé au cépha- lon et les quatre autres articles diminuent d’importance jusqu’au dernier qui porte quelques soies; leur surface présente le méme aspect que celui de Vantennule. Le rostre est proéminent et particulicrement net; de la pointe échancrée de la lévre infé- rieure on voit sortir ’extrémité des mandibules qui est en forme de cuilleron a bord finement denticulé. Le maxillipéde posséde un palpe allongé terminé par de petites soies trés courtes. Le bord inférieur du céphalon est découpé de part et @’autre par ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. HLT 85. Genus MUNIDION Hansen. Body of female somewhat asymmetrical. Ovarian bosses present on all the segments of the thorax; they are in the form of petiolated processes. Epimera very large, placed on the lateral margins of all the segments, where they occupy the entire lateral margin. Abdomen with the segments distinctly defined; lateral parts of the first five segments lamellarly expanded in elongated lobes. Sixth or terminal segment small, not lamellarly expanded, in the form of a petiolated process. The pleopoda are five pairs of double-branched well-developed appendages. The uropoda are a pair of double-branched appendages. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle, not quite overlapping in the median ventral line; the first lamelle have the distal part produced posteriorly in a small lobe. All seven pairs of legs are present. The male has all the segments of the thorax distinct. The segments of the abdomen are fused. Uropoda absent. Pleopoda wanting. Branchial parasites. une paire de petites lamelles, 4 peu prés d’égale importance, 4 cuticule squameuse et a extrémité mousse. Les quatre premiers somites thoraciques sont large et en forme de bourrelets; sur leurs bords Jatéraux sont de fortes bosses pleurales 4 contours assez indistincts et a lame pleurale rudimentaire; les trois autres segments sont beaucoup plus ¢troits, leur lame pleurale est assez nette et les surfaces dorsales des sixiéme et septiéme somites s’érigent en pointes trés accentuées sur la ligne médiane du corps. La face ventrale du thorax est complétement cachée par la cavité incubatrice, qui est trés réguliérement développée: le premier des oostégites a une créte interne avec quelques larges digita- tions et sa partie postérieure ne présente pas de bord découpé ou échancré. Les péreiopodes sont trés réduits, ce qui est en rapport avee le rdle 4 peu prés nul qu’ils ont a jouer dans la fixation du parasite, solidement maintenu en place par toute la carapace de l’héte. Le quatriéme de ces appendices est figuré pl. rx, fig. 5; sous le bord latéral arrondi, le coxopodite montre une trés solide armature chitineuse, destinée i mouvoir l’oostégite qui s’y rattache par sa nervure médiane; le basipodite est trés large, aplati et presque carré; Vischiopodite est beaucoup plus ¢étroit; les deux articles suivants sont soudés et le propodite est peu développé; le dactylopodite a la forme d’une petite griffe courte, n’atteignant pas le bout du bord palmaire de l'article précédent. Le pléon, dans sa partie centrale, est trés court et tres mince; toute son importance vient de Vextraordinaire développement de ses prolongements pleuraux et de ses appendices; les premiers forment de longues lamelles qui remontent parall¢lement vers la partie antérieure du corps et dont les bords sont formés d’une quantité con- sidérable et dense de longues digitations dont quelques-unes se divisent elles-mémes en digitations secondaires; ces prolongements sont surtout développés sur les premiers somites du pléon; ils diminuent de longueur sur les derniers somites. Les endopodites des pléopodes présentent tout a fait la méme forme que les parties pleurales, mais ils augmentent leur longueur en sens inverse, du premier au cinquiéme somite, ot ils sont le plus long; les endopodites sont réduits 4 de gros tubercules 4 surface irré- guliére, fixés a la base d’ insertion des pléopodes. Le dernier somite du pléon ne porte que deux uropodes, de la méme conformation que les lames pleurales et les exopodites 518 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. MUNIDION PARVUM Richardson. Munidion parva RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, pp. 81-82. Locality.—Straits of Fuca, on Munida quadrispina Benedict. Head large, broader anteriorly than posteriorly, with wide frontal border. Eyes wanting. Ante- rior margin nearly straight, pos- terior margin narrowly rounded. Fig. 564.—MUNIDION PARVUM. FIRST LA- Fic. 563.—MUNIDION PARVUM. 4d, DORSAL VIEW OF MELLA OF MARSUPIUM. FEMALE, 6b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. X 8. « 144. The segments of the thorax are distinct, the first two of which are short in the median dorsal line; the other five segments are about equal in length. Ovarian bosses present on all the segments, occupy- ing the posterior portion of the sublateral part of the segment. On des segments précédents, mais ils sont d’une longueur dépassant les plus longs de ces appendices; retournés et appliqués sur la surface dorsale, ils attendraient jusqu’au milieu du thorax. Le male, inconnu dans les autres espéces du genre, rappelle beaucoup, par sa forme générale, celui du genre précédent (Cancricepon); il mesure dans sa plus grande dimension 0 mm. 55. Les antennules sont triarticulées; les antennes comp- tent cing articles, dont la plupart sont garnis de poils raides; il n’y a pas de maxil- lipédes. Sur la ligne médiane du thorax se trouvent des tubercules sphériques que Von retrouve également, ila méme place, sur les trois premiers somites de Pabdomen; leur surface externe est couverte de petites Gcailles pectinées. Les péreiopodes sont courts, robustes et terminés par une griffe aigué. Les ouvertures génitales sont visibles de part et d’autre du tubercule ventral du septi¢me somite thoracique, et au milieu d’une petite aire plus claire que la reste de la cuticule. Les rudiments des pléopodes se voient sur les cinq premiers somites du pléon, et les uropodes ne sont plus représentés, sur le sixiéme, que par deux petits bouquets de poils raides. En général le male adulte est unique sur la femelle; je dois pourtant noter, comme assez fréquente, la présence de plusieurs males sur une méme femelle; j’en ai compté jusque quatre, entre les pléopodes et les pleura et, chose curieuse, tout en ayant absolument la méme forme, ils n’avaient pas la méme taille; Pun d’eux était un peu plus de la moitié du plus grand et les deux autres étaient de tailles intermédiaires; les bosses ventrales se voyaient, dans les trois individus de taille moindre, sur les cing somites de pléon, tandis que dans le plus grand, ils n’existaient véritablement que sur les trois premiers, d’ou il résulte probablement que le nombre de ces bosses diminue avee ’Age. Le méme fait se présente également chez Cancricepon elegans.—JuLES BonnrER, Travaux de la Station zoologique de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 263-266, .—Muntpron PARVUM. LEG OF pair of biramous appendages, each with one large 9 sixru pam or outer and one small inner branch, similar in shape to 4P70" FEMALE. the branches of the pleopoda. Wa The ventral side of the abdominal segments is keeled on the poste- rior margin. The pleopoda and abdominal epimera are somewhat carinated on both surfaces. The marsupium is bounded by five pairs of incubatory lamelle, the third pair of which do not overlap in the median ventral line, so that a small opening is left into the incubatory pouch. The terminal lobe of the distal segment of the first pair is very small, but well defined. The seven pairs of legs are all similar; the basis is furnished with an extremely high expansion, the an- terior end of which is twice as high as the other end. The male has all the segments of the thorax distinct. The segments of the abdomen are fused into a single piece. There is no indication of the coalesced seg- ments on the lateral margins of the abdomen, these margins being entire. The posterior portion of this segment is narrower than the anterior portion, its apex, however, being widely rounded. Its length is about one and one-half times its greatest breadth. Fic. 566.—Munipion. = Kyes are present. PARVUM. MALE. hess 2 x . pr ir Only one specimen comes from the Straits of Fuca, taken by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/ba- tross at a depth of 152 fathoms. Parasitic on Munida quadrispina. Type.—Cat. No. 29095, U.S.N.M. This species is a very much smaller one than the type species of the genus described by Dr. Hansen,? being less than half the size of Munidion princeps. The present species differs from the type species in its much smaller size; in the relatively larger and differently shaped «Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard College, XX XI, 1897, pp. 115-117. 520 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. head; in the larger thoracic epimera (pleural plates); in the differently shaped ovarian bosses; in the smaller and differently shaped abdom- inal epimera, which do not conceal the abdominal segments dorsally as in that species; in the differently shaped carina on the basis of all the legs; in the absence of the sinuous lateral margins of the abdomen of the male; and in the broader apex and greater length compared with the width of the abdomen of the male. 86. Genus CRYPTIONE Hansen. Body of female somewhat asymmetrical. Ovarian bosses present on the first four thoracic segments. Epimera well developed and distinct on the first four segments, occupying the anterior portion of the lateral margin; those of the last three seg- ments are not distinct from the segments. Segments of the abdomen distinct; the lateral parts of the first five segments are well developed; the sixth or terminal segment is small and has the lateral parts not developed. The uropoda are simple, single-branched, and consist of a pair of elongated lamelle. The pleopoda consist of five pairs of double-branched lamellz. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle which do not completely inclose the incubatory pouch. All seven pairs of legs are present. The male has all seven segments of the thorax distinct. The segments of the abdomen are also distinct. The sixth or ter- minal segment has the post-lateral angles produced backward on either side. There are five pairs of simple sac-like pleopoda. Branchial parasites. CRYPTIONE ELONGATA Hansen. Cryptione elongata Hansen, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard College, XX XT, 1897, pp. 112-115, pl. m1, figs. 5-5a; pl. rv, figs. 1-lg.—-RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X-XI, 1899, p. 869; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 338.—Bonnier, Tray. de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 285- 287.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p. 87. Locality.—Near the Galapagos Islands on Vematocarcinus agassizit Faxon, which occurs as far north as Acapulco, Mexico. Body of female somewhat elongated, asymmetrical. Length 19 mm.: width 11 mm. Head a little wider than long, 4 mm.: 54 mm., with the anterior and posterior margins widely rounded or arcuate, and the lateral margins produced in a small lobe on either side about the middle. Eyes absent. The first pair of antenne are composed of three articles, the last of | 2 en ie ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 521 which is minute. The second pair of antennze are composed of four articles. The seven segments of the thorax are distinct. The first four have well-developed epimera, occupying the anterior half of the lateral margins, each epimeron being placed lateral to the ovarian bosses and produced into an anterior and a posterior lobe. The epimera of the last h z Fig. 567.—CRYPTIONE ELONGATA (AFTER HANSEN). @, MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. 0, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL VIEW). C, FIRST INCUBATORY LAMELLA OF FEMALE AND FIRST LEG. d, VENTRAL VIEW OF MALE. é€, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. jf, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. g, HEAD OF FEMALE WITH BOTH MAXILLIPEDS OMITTED (SEEN FROM BELOW). /, FIRST LEG OF MALE. 7, FIFTH LEG OF MALE. three segments are not distinct from the segments. The anterior por- tion of the last three segments is produced into a large lobe which oceu- pies the entire lateral margin, the posterior portion of the segment being small and sublateral, i. e., it lies on the inner side of the ante- rior portion. The anterior lobes are larger on one side of the body than they are on the other side, and they have an additional small, 522 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. rounded process developed at the anterior end. These processes are almost rudimentary on the other side. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct. The lateral parts of the first five segments are well developed. ‘The sixth or terminal seg- ment is small, and has the lateral parts not developed. The uropoda are simple, single-branched, and consist of two elongated lamelle. The pleopoda are five pairs of double-branched lamelle, which are elongated and tapering, leaf-like and covered with tubercles. The ventral side of the first five abdominal seements has the posterior margin produced into numerous small elongated processes. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle, which do not completely inclose the marsupial cavity. The legs are all similar and prehensile, and have no carinv on the basis. The male is 45 mm. long (not including the uropoda) ae and 13 mm. wide. The head is without eyes and has nee e eee the frontal margin widely rounded. The first pair Hansen). Dorsat of antenne are composed of three articles. The ta second pair of antenne are composed of eight articles, the last four being minute and rudimentary. All seven segments of the thorax are distinct. The seven pairs of legs are prehensile. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct. The sixth or termi- nal seement has the post-lateral angles produced in an elongated proc- ess on either side, which probably represent the uropoda. Between the uropoda the posterior margin of the terminal segment is triangu- larly produced. There are five pairs of simple sac-like pleopoda. 87. Genus PSEUDIONE Kossmann.¢@ Body of female oval, somewhat asymmetrical. Segments of abdomen distinct. Epimera well defined, not contigu- ous. Lateral parts of abdominal segments lamellar, more or less projecting. Terminal segment of abdomen small, with sides not lamellarly produced. Incubatory plates meet in the median ventral line, concealing the incubatory pouch and the eggs; first pair with the distal segment usually produced in a lobe. All seven pairs of legs present. Pleopoda well developed, double- branched. Uropoda simple, consisting of a pair of lanceolate lamelle. Male with the segments of thorax and abdomen distinct. Pleopoda present in the form of five pairs of small rudimentary sac-like bodies, a pair for each of the first five segments. The uropoda are wanting. Branchial parasites. “See G. O. Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, I], 1899, pp. 200-201, a Se S—~<~S ee - . TSOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 593 ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS PSEUDIONE. a. Lateral parts or pleural lamellze of abdomen of female elongated, and covering to a great extent the pleopods. b. Distal segment of the first lamella of the marsupium produced posteriorly in a lobe. c. Inner branch of the pleopoda much larger than outer branch, elongate, and pointed; surface roughened by irregularly transverse rugee. Pleural plates of the last three segments of the thorax not developed as lamellze. First incubatory lamellee with the distal segment produced in a lobe which is small and strongly curved inward ....-....------- Pseudione giardi Calman ce’. Inner branch of the pleopodaa little larger than the outer branch, triangular or ovate; surface smooth. Pleural plates of the last three segments of the thorax developed as lamellee. First incubatory lamellee with the distal segment produced in a lobe which is large and directed straight backward. Pseudione galacanthe Hansen b’. Distal part of the first lamella of the marsupium not produced posteriorly in a LO renee eer cee sey ee ys Ce ey Se Pseudione furcata Richardson a’. Lateral parts or pleural lamellee of abdomen of female not elongated, but reduced in size and short, not covering to a great extent the pleopoda. Pseudione curtata Richardson PSEUDIONE GIARDI Calman. Pseudione giardi Catman, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., XI, 1898, pp. 274-281, pl. xxxiv, fig. 5.—Ricwarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 869; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 337; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p- 309.—Bonnirr, Tray. de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 299-300.—Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XVII, 1904, p. 78. Locality.—Puget Sound on Pagurus ochotensis (Brandt). ** Description of female.—The single specimen, measuring 12 mm. in length, was taken from the right branchial cavity of its host (Pagurus ochotensis (Brandt)), and it is accordingly a dextral individual (Lopyre droit Giard and Bonnier), though the outline of its body seems at first sight to indicate a sinistral curvature from the concavity of the right margin in the region of the posterior thoracic segments. Closer examination, however, shows that the head and the abdominal region are turned toward the left and that the pleopods of the right side are longer than those of the left, as in a normal dextral individual, so that the peculiar curvature of the body is in all probability merely an acci- dental variation. **'The specimen shows no traces of pigmentation. The dorsal surface is flat or shghtly concave; the ventral is convex, and is covered, except in the region of the abdomen, by the greatly developed brood-pouch. The dorsal swelling of the cephalic region which marks the position of the stomach (cephalogaster) is very slight. An irregularly oval, some- what convex area, the ‘ovarian bosse,’ is marked off by a groove on each side of the first four thoracic segments on the dorsal surface. **The abdominal segments, six in number, are distinctly separated from each other. The ventral surface of the abdominal segments and 524 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. of the last two or three thoracic segments is roughened by longitu- dinal rugee, which are most marked on the adjacent margins of the segments. These ruge are neither so conspicuous nor so reeularly disposed as in the case of the allied Paleegyge borret, described by h Fic. 569.—PSEUDIONE GIARDI (AFTER CALMAN). 4, DoRSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, EMBRYO. ¢, VEN- TRAL VIEW OF MALE. d, MAXILLIPED. @, ABDOMEN. f, UNDER SURFACE OF HEAD. 9, FIRST INCUBATORY LAMELLA WITH PEREIOPOD. /i, SECOND PEREIOPOD. 7, MOUTH PARTS. Giard and Bonnier (Bull. Scient. Fr. et Belg., XIX, 1888, p. 68.) The anterior margin of the h sad is bordered by a narrow membranous expansion (lémbe antérieur, G. & B.), which shows a distinct notch and several fainter undulations on each side of the middle line. No trace 4c ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 525 could be discovered on the thoracic segments of the pleural lamelle, which in Palegyge ave said to be ‘rudimentaires et a peine visibles.’ **The antennules (inner antenne) are short, conical, composed of three joints and bearing a few minute setie at the tip. The antenne (outer antenne) are composed of five joints, of which the first is indis- tinctly marked off from the lower surface of the head; the third is longer and much more slender than the second, the fifth is very minute. The mandibles, which are embraced by the upper and lower lips to form the characteristic ‘beak’ of the /picaridea, are of the usual shape. The first pair of maxille appear to be absent. After a vareful examination we have been unable to find any distinct rudi- ments of them, though the triangular areas between the base of the mandibles and the lower lips on each side bear some resemblance to the rudiments of these organs in Pa/egyge (Giard and Bonnier, in the work mentioned, pl. v, f. 2). The rudiments of the second maxille are to be detected further back on the under surface of the head. Immediately in front of each a relatively large opening leads into a capacious tube lined by an invagination of the chitinous cuticle, the protuberance interpreted as the rudiment of the second maxilla form- ing the lower or posterior lip of this orifice. ‘**Untortunately, these tubes were not discovered till the soft parts of the head had been removed by caustic potash, so that we are unable to say anything as to their connections inside the body. This is the more to be regretted since we know of nothing analagous to these organs, not only in the “pécaridea but even among the Malacostraca. **The maxillipeds are similar to those of Palegyge, but somewhat narrower. Each consists of a flat, roughly quadrangular plate par- tially divided into two parts by an oblique line. The posterior part has its external angle rounded and pointed as in Palegyge borre?, and the antero-internal angle is produced. The anterior margin of the maxilliped bears a few set, and at its inner angle is articulated the small ‘ palp,’ also setose. ‘* Posteriorly, the lower surface of the head terminates in a freely projecting lamina, the ‘//mbe postérieur? of Giard and Bonnier. In the present species this lamina is cut up into a fringe of digitate processes, commencing on each side a little way from the middle line and increasing in size outwards. Externally, on each side the lamina is produced into a long process, narrowing gradually from its base to a rounded tip, turned inwards and extending beyond the middle line. In Palegyge there are two pairs of shorter processes and no fringe of minute digitations. ** The thoracic legs are all similar and of the usual structure. The ‘adhesive cushions’ present on the proximal segments of the first pair in Palegyge are here absent. The o6stegites or brood lamellee were unfortunately injured in the single specimen found. The usual five 526 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. pairs are present and are much larger than in Paleqgyge borre?, all the pairs except, perhaps, the third and fourth, overlapping across the median line. The first pair are, as usual, of somewhat complex form. Roughly quadrilateral in shape, the posterior corner is produced into a hook-like process directed inward. The sixth or terminal segment is Le without epimera, and terminates — posteriorly in two small, rounded a Nea lobes. The pleopoda are five pairs iy of smooth, narrow, elongated, FiG.572.—Psruprons biramous appendages, all similar (\ / \ / V4 Wa Sr A Fic. 573.—PSEUDIONE FuRCATA. FIRST and equal in size, with the excep- FuRcata. Lze or LAMELLA OF MAR- : ° 2 . SIXTH PAIR OF ADULT Sane oe: tion of the inner branch of thefirst ‘Forces oot, pair, which is exceedingly large and is inwardly directed, meeting the corresponding branch of the opposite side in the median ventral line, just below the incubatory pouch. All the remaining branches are directed post-laterally. The surfaces of all the lamelle are quite smooth. The uropoda consist of a single pair of simple appendages, similar in shape and size to the pleopoda. The incubatory pouch consists of five pairs of large lamelle, over- 28589—05——34 580 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. lapping in the median line. The terminal lobe of the first pair of plates is not defined. There is a high and widely rounded expansion or carina on the basis of all the legs. Male unknown. Four specimens were collected on the eastern shore of Virginia by Prof. H. E. Webster. Host unknown. They were sent from Union University to the U. S. National Museum. Type.—Cat. No. 290938, U.S.N.M. PSEUDIONE CURTATA Richardson. | Pseudione curtata RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, pp. 80-81. Locality.—Key West, on Petrolisthes sexspinosus (Gibbes). Fic. 574.—-PSEUDIONE CURTATA. @, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 6b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. X 8. Head very large, with wide anterior margin, almost straight; no frontal border. Antero-lateral portion produced in a small process on either side. Posterior por- tion widely rounded. Eyes wanting. The segments of the thorax are distinct. The epimera are distinct as narrow plates on the extreme lateral margin of the anterior portion of the 5.00 spe , ine . > : FIG. 575.—PsEUuDIONE cuR- first four seoments. O rarian CURTATA. LEG OF TATA. FIRST LAMELLA OF SIXTH PAIR OF ADULT MARSUPIUM. xX 14}. FEMALE. X 39. bosses are prominent on the anterior portion of the first four segments. The epimera occupy almost all of the lateral margin of the three posterior segments. The abdomen has the six segments distinct. All are produced later- uly in small rounded epimera with the exception of the last, or termi- nal segment which is very small and rounded posteriorly. oo — = ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 531 The pleopoda are five pairs of large, broad, smooth, leaf-like, double-branched appendages not concealed on the dorsal side by the small epimeral plates of the abdominal segments, from which they project in full view. The uropoda are a pair of single-branched, simple appendages, similar in shape to the branches of the pleopoda. The marsupium is formed of five pairs of incuba- tory lamelle, which overlap so as to completely encompass the ventral surface of the body; the first pair have the terminal lobe of the distal segment small, but well defined. There are seven pairs of small legs, all similar in size and structure; a high triangularly shaped ex- pansion or carina is present on the basis. Color uniformly light yellow. Male, two and one-third times longer than broad, with all seven segments of the thorax and all six segments of the abdomen distinct. Eyes Fre. 577.—Pseuptone present. Abdomen occupies one-fourth of the $"™t™ Mam. x entire length of the body. Only one specimen was found at Key West by Henry Hemphill. Parasitic on Petrolisthes seaspinosus (Gibbes). Type.—Cat. No. 29094, U.S.N.M. 88. Genus STEGOPHRYXUS Thompson.¢ Branchial parasites. Female with the sixth segment of the thorax greatly longer than any of the other segments. Abdomen with all six segments distinct; lateral parts or pleural lamellz not developed. There are five pairs of tri-ramous pleopods. Uropoda consist of a pair of small, rounded, oval bodies, between which is a small conical process. Male with all the segments of the thorax distinct. Abdomen oyoid, without appendages or traces of segmentation. “See Thompson for characters of genus, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., X XT, 1902, p. 56. 532 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. STEGOPHRYXUS HYPTIUS Thompson. Stegophryxus hyptius THomeson, Bull. U. 8. Fish Comm., X XI, 1902, pp. 53-56, pls. 1x, x.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p. &9. Localities.—Great Harbor, Woods Hole; Hadley Harbor, Naushon; Edgartown and Warwick, Rhode Island, on Pagurus longicarpus. Description of adult female.—‘* Broad in proportion to length, mar- supium very large; abdomen about half the length of thorax, distinct from it, six-jointed, with five pairs of triramous pleopoda and a pair of oval uropoda. Lengthabout 9.1mm. Color yellowish-white, opaque. Ovaries, when full of ripe eggs, orange-yellow. ‘* Head, from the dorsal side appears as an oblong elevation, ending anteriorly in a blunt lobe, which represents the median portion of the much-reduced. front. As the lateral portions of the front are almost wholly obsolete, appearing only as two inconspicuous lobes, the greater part of the antennules, antenne, and tip of rostrum is visible dorsally. The antennules are three-jointed and consist of a large globose basal joint, surmounted by a small cylindrical second and a minute third joint; outer joints bristle-tipped. Each antenna arises along the side of rostrum as a columnar ridge whose distal end is visible dorsally. From this ridge a four-jointed flagellum arises, its proximal joint stout, the three distal joints slender; all the joints bristle-tipped. Ventral surface of head broader than dorsal surface and sharply ele- vated at posterior border, giving a strong antero-dorsal slope, so that the erect hypopharynx points almost anteriorly. At sides of poste- rior border three curved processes arise, and in the midline are two thin foliaceous plates. Rostrum conical. Mandibles slender, with expanded tips, the edges of which are incurved so that pressed together they form a sucking tube. Near the bases of mandibles appear the oval maxillule. Hypopharynx erect, highly keeled, and plays no part in formation of rostrum. Mavxillipeds large; each consists of a foli- aceous anterior and a somewhat thicker posterior blade; during life these organs keep up a rapid fanning motion. ‘There is no trace of a palpus. ‘‘The thorax is concealed ventrally by an enormous marsupium, built up of five pairs of thin brood-plates, each strengthened by a median chitinous rod. The posterior or fifth pair le externally to the others and form the major part of marsupium; they are attached along the border of fifth and sixth thoracic segments. The posterior angle of each forms a shallow pouch. Nearly concealed by these plates, and almost closing the marsupium anteriorly, are the third and fourth pairs of plates, similar to each other in shape and having an oral ventral and a rounded dorsal portion. This dorsal part conceals the legs of the parasite. The second pair of plates are oblong and are hidden under the others. The first pair consists of a rather oval ante- rior and a triangular posterior blade. The latter is strengthened eT iy - ‘ | ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 533 along its outer (longest) border and across its base by a chitinous rod. The anterior blades, in company with the dorsal portions of the third pair of plates, form the funnel-like anterior end of the marsupium. ‘The details of the thoracic segments are shown in fig. 578c. The first five are crowded together, their fleshy lateral portions strongly Fig. 578.—_STEGOPHRYXUS HYPTIUS (AFTER THOMPSON). a, HERMIT CRAB WITH PARASITE ATTACHED, « . b, ANTERIOR PORTION OF HEAD OF FEMALE (VENTRAL SIDE). ¢€, DORSAL VIEW OF ADULT FEMALE, 5 FIG.582.—PHYLLODURUS ABDOMINALIS. twenty in all—i. e., five pairs of double- FEMALE (DORSAL VIEW). branched pleopoda. On either side of the sixth or terminal segment the uropoda are attached. They are single- branched, each consisting of one long, narrow cylindrical process. The ventral side of the last two thoracic segments is produced on the posterior margins in keels. The ventral side of the abdominal segments is slightly keeled. There are five pairs of incubatory plates. The distal part of the first lamelle is posteriorly produced in a triangularly rounded lobe. The seven pairs of legs are prehensile in character; the basis is not produced in a carina. The young female has one of the branches (the inner one) of the pleopoda very much shorter than the other branch. The head is not bilobed, and has the front more circularin outline. I haveexamined threeadult females, FiG.583~PHYLLO- two young females, and two males. The two young eee ete females had rudiments of the incubatory lamelle, the BikaMOUS PLE- plates heing larger in one specimen than in the other, Se ae and the inner branch of the pleopoda also larger. One specimen is a little older than the other. Most of the specimens were kindly sent to me by Doctor Calman. They were sent to him from Columbia University, New York. Another specimen, a female, was sent to me later by Dr. William E. Ritter, of the University of California. Description of male.—Body oblong-oyate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 2; mm. : 6 mm. 542 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Head about twice as wide as long, with the anterior margin circular in outline, the posterior margin straight. The eyes are small, dis- tinct, and situated on the posterior margin, at some distance from the sides of the head. The first pair of antennz are short and are com- a b Cc Fig. 584.—PHYLLODURUS ABDOMINALIS. a, FIRST INCUBATORY LAMELLA. < 273. -c, SEVENTH LEG. x 15 off mouth of Yukon River. On Neetocrangon alascensis Kingsley, southwest of Hagemeister Island, Alaska; south and north- west of Unimak Island, Alaska; off Moorovyskoy Bay, Alaska; David- son Bank, Alaska; off North Head, Akutan Island, Alaska; south of San Diego Bay, California; off Rootook Island, Alaska; Petro- paulovski, Kamchatka; off Kouloulak Bay, Alaska; between Bird and Nagai Islands; Unimak Pass; off Cape Johnson; southwest of San- nakh Islands, Alaska; off Grays Harbor, Washington; off Destruction 28589—05 : oo 546 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Island; Bering Sea, off Akutan Pass. On Crago nigromaculata (Lockington), at San Diego Bay, California; off Tillamook Rock, Oregon; Monterey Bay, California; off Cape Johnson. On Crago communis (Rathbun), off Grays Harbor, Washington; off Columbia River, Oregon; San Luis Obispo Bay, California; Iliuliuk Harbor, Unalaska; Straits of Fuca; south of San Diego Bay, California; off -Rootook Island, Alaska; off Falmouth Harbor, Shumagins, Alaska: Bering Sea, off Akutan Island, northwest of Unimak Island, Alaska; off Point Arena, California; Wash- ington Sound, Straits of Fuca, Washington. On Nectocrangon dentata Rathbun, at Kyska Harbor, Unalaska; Mazan Bay, Atka; Port Etches, Alaska; Port Levasheff, Unalaska; [liuliuk Harbor, Unalaska, off Round Island, Coal Harbor, Unga Island; off Sit- Fig. 588.—ArGEIA kalidak Island, Alaska. On Crago alba (Holmes), ee ‘ee, south of San Diego Bay, California; Gulf of Georgia, or MARSUPIUM. off Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, British Columbia; oe Kilisut Harbor, near Port Townsend, on Crago alas- kensis (Lockington); Admiralty Inlet, vicinity of Port Townsend, on Crago alascensis (Lockington) and Crago communis (Rathbun); vicinity of Naha Bay, Behm Canal, southeast Alaska, on Crago communis (Rathbun) and Vectocrangon dentata (Rathbun). Depth.-- 16 to 89 fathoms. Immature specimens were found off Seal Islands, Alaska, on Vecto- erangon alascensis, off Rootook Island, Alaska, on Crago comnvunis; north of Bird Islands, Shumagins, Alaska; Gulf of the Farallones, x) & S Gy Ge a FIG. 589.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. SIXTH LEG OF SPECIMENS FOUND ON: a, CRAGO NIGRICAUDA FROM OFF CAPE JOHNSON, WASHINGTON. 271. b, CRAGO COMMUNIS FROM STRAITS OF FUCA. X 27}, c, NECTOCRANGON CRASSA FROM OFF CAPE NEWENHAM, ALASKA. 271. d, NECTOCRANGON CRASSA FROM ALASKA. 272. California, on Crago nigromaculata,; Coal Harbor, Unga Island, on Nectocrangon dentata; Captains Harbor, Unalaska, on Wectocrangon dentata; Sanborn Harbor, Nagai, Shumagins, on Vectocrangon lar; Mazan Bay, Atka, on Nectocrangon crassa; southwest of Hagemeister Island, Alaska, on Vectocrangon alascensis; northwest and northeast of Unimak Island, Alaska, on NVectocrangon alascensis; Bering Sea, between Pribilof Islands and Cape Newenham, on Nectocrangon lar; Kouloulak Bay, Alaska, on ecetocrangon lar; between Bristol Bay i ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 547 and Pribilof Islands, Alaska, on Wectocrangon lar; Arctic Ocean, on Nectocrangon lar; Popoftft Straits, on Mectocrangon crassa; between Bird and Nagai Islands, on Nectocrangon alascens’s. List of Crangonide on which Argeia pugettensis is found parasitic: Nectocrangon ovifer Rathbun. | Crago dalli (Rathbun). Nectocrangon lar (Owen). Crago communis (Rathbun). - Nectocrangon alascensis Kingsley. Crago propinqua (Stimpson). Nectocrangon crassa Rathbun. | Crago nigricauda (Stimpson). Nectocrangon dentata Rathbun. | Crago alascensis (Lockington). Crago nigromaculata (Lockington). Crago alascensis elongata (Rathbun). Crago franciscorum angustimana (Rath- Crago alba (Holmes). bun). Crago munita (Dana). Immature forms.—A female (probably in the first post-larval stage) has the thoracic processes well developed, sometimes only on one side. Fic. 590.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. SIXTH LEG OF SPECIMENS FOUND ON: a, NECTOCRANGON DENTATA FROM AFOGNAK BAY, AFOGNAK ISLAND. 389. b, NECTOCRANGON CRASSA FROM CAPE NEWENHAM, ALASKA. xX 203. The inner pleopoda of the first pair are usually present; all the outer pleopoda, the other four inner pleopoda, and the uropoda are not C SS Fig. 591.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. SEVENTH LEG OF SPECIMENS FOUND ON: @, NECTOCRANGON ALASCEN- SIS FROM SOUTHWEST OF SANNAKH ISLANDS, ALASKA. x 41. b, CRAGO NIGROMACULATA FROM SAN DIEGO Bay, CALIFORNIA. X 41. ¢c, CRAGO DALLI FROM SOUTH OF AMAK ISLAND, ALASKA. X 41. F d, CRAGO COMMUNIS FROM AKUTAN ISLAND, BERING STRAIT. 41. a ! 548 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. developed at this stage. The marsupial plates are small and just developing. The male is similar to the male found on adult female. Immature female of a more advanced stage has the thoracic processes well developed, although perhaps not quite as long as in the preceding a b d Fic, 592.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. FIRST INCUBATORY PLATE FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: a, NECTO- e CRANGON CRESSA FROM OFF CAPE NEWENHAM, ALASKA. 9%. 6, NECTOCRANGON CRASSA FROM ALASKA. xX 91. ¢, CRAGO NIGROMACULATA FROM SAN DIEGO BAY, CALIFORNIA. xX 91. d, CRAGO NIGRICAUDA FROM OFF CAPE JOHNSON. 9}. stage. The outer pleopoda and uropoda are small, but all developed. The first two inner pleopoda are present; the other three may or may not be present. When present they are usually smaller than the first two. decreasing in size to the fifth pair, and sometimes difficult to discern. The marsupial plates are larger than in the preceding stage, but not fully developed. The in- cubatory pouch neyer carries eges in either of these stages. The male is similar to the male of the adult 5 a female. Specimens of both immature stages were found on the same species and genera of host as the adult females. ) . ale ole es ; A male in the cryptoniscan stage was found on one immature female (in first post-larval stage). d € Thoracic processes of adult fe- male.—In the adult female the Fic. 593.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. FIRST INCU- tl ace A Dean te av bec ite Re BATORY LAMELLA FROM SPECIMEN FOUND ON: 1OLVACIC Processes may J€ qui ere a, CRAGO COMMUNIS FROM STRAITS OF FUCA. duced. In some specimens these 14. b, CRAGO COMMUNIS FROM AKUTAN processes are well developed, ISLAND, ALASKA. xX 14. ec, NECTOCRANGON ALASCENSIS FROM SOUTHWEST OF SANNAKH though never in all the specimens ISLANDS, ALASKA. X 14. d, CRAGO DALLI FROM oars . ; SOME eaten mee ain examined were they foundas long as in the very young female or as in the figure given by Dana of the adult female. In other specimens these processes are very small, and yet in many they were not even present. Not only is this variation found in specimens taken from different species and genera of host, but it is also true of those found on the same species and genus of host. Asa result of this observation on a cee ee i i ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 549 large number of these forms, the conclusion must be maintained that these thoracic processes, well developed in the young female, of vary- ing size and shape and sometimes so reduced as to be practically absent in the adult female, have no specific value whatever. Giard and Bon- nier have described their function as organs of fixation, which seems a reasonable conclusion and one capable of explaining why so much variation occurs in this respect with each individual parasite. Body of adult female some- what asymmetrical. Length, 14 mm.; width, 11 mm. Head wider than long, 2 mm. : 34 mm., somewhat bilobed, with 3 : a narrow trontal: border; the: an- me. so,_-Anamra PUGETTENEIA. FIRST INCUBA- terior marein of which is slightly TORY LAMELLA FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: 4, 2 . 1 ie al NECTOCRANGON DENTATA FROM AFOGNAK BAY, arched ol rounded. rhe fronta AFOGNAK ISLAND. 11}. b, NECTOCRANGON border projects at the side in a Soee FROM OFF CAPE NEWENHAM, ALASKA. small angular lobe. Eyesabsent. The first pair of antennz are composed of two articles—a large basal article and a small terminal one. ‘The second pair are composed of four articles. Both are small and not conspicuous on the dorsal side. All seven segments of the thorax are distinct. Ovarian bosses are present on the first four segments, where they occupy the sub-lateral portion of the anterior part of the lateral margin. The epimera are narrow plates lateral to the ovarian bosses on the anterior part of the segments. The epimera also occupy the anterior part of the lateral margin of the last three segments, but the ovarian bosses are not present on these seg- ments. The posterior lobes on all the segments are large and irregular in outline, and more or less produced in narrow, some- what elongated processes, these a FIG. 595.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. a, DorsAL view PYOCeSSES being usually more em i Ratan tm °” developed on one side (the longer side) than on the other. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct. The lateral parts are not developed in any of the segments. The sixth or terminal seg- ment is small and posteriorly truncate. The uropoda are a pair of simple, single-branched lamellzx, somewhat elongated, with outlines irregular, and attached to the sixth abdominal segment. There are five pairs of double-branched pleopoda. The outer branches are elon- 550 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. gated lamellae, similar in shape to the uropoda, and are placed close to the lateral margins of the segments on the underside, so that in a dor- a FIG. 596.—ARGEIA PUGETTENSIS. SAME. a, DORSAL VIEW OF IMMATURE FEMALE. b, VENTRAL VIEW OF < 144. (SECOND POST-LARVAL STAGE.) sal view they appear attached to the lateral margins of the segments. They form a border around the abdomen. The inner branches are Fic. 597.—ARGEIA PUGETTEN- SIS. (CRYPTONISCAN STAGE. ) rounded, sac-like bodies, usually decreasing’ in size from the first to the last. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle which do not completely inclose the marsupial pouch. The distal part of the first pair has the posterior margin not produced in a lobe. The legs are all prehensile. The basis of all seven pairs is provided with a high rounded carina. The male is narrow, elongate, symmetrical in outline, 54 mm. long and 13 mm. wide. Eyes are present. The anterior margin of the head is widely rounded. The first pair of an- tenne are composed of three articles. The second pair are composed of four articles. All the thoracic segments are distinct. The lateral margins are straight, but not contiguous. All seven pairs of legs are prehensile. The seg- ments of the abdomen are coalesced in a single segment, narrower than the thorax, which tapers to a point. It is 1 mm. wide and 14 mm. long. There are no uropoda and no pleopoda. The individual described was found in the branchial cavity of WVec- tocrangon lar. ee eee SS -. e e ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 551 ARGEIA PAUPERATA Stimpson. Argeia pauperata Stimpson, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., VI, 1857, p. 511. Argeia depauperata® Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., KX XI, 1899, p. 868; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 337; American Naturalist, X XXIV, 1900, p. 308. | Argeia pauperata Bonnter, Tray. de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, p. 328. Argeia depauperata RicHarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p. 64. Locality.—San Francisco Bay, on Crago franciscorum. **This species is somewhat larger than the preceding (Argeia puget- tensis Dana); the head is comparatively smaller, more tumid, and bilobate; the ege-pouch covers the eggs more completely ; and the thoracic brane taal appendages are enacendly absent in some of the anterior segments. The inner branches of the first three pairs ot abdominal appendages are broader; those of the last three pairs are wanting. Length, 0.35; breadth, 0.23 inch. This description is taken from a female. Found in specimens of Crago franciscorum, from San Francisco Bay.” —Srimpson.? 98. Genus PARARGEIA Hansen. Branchial parasites. Female with thoracic processes wanting on all the segments. Abdomen without pleural lamelle, the lateral parts not developed. There are five pairs of biramous pleopoda; the outer branches are elongate and attached close to the lateral margins of the segments; the inner branches are small, oval. Uropoda simple, single-branched. Male with all the segments of the thorax distinct. The segments of the abdomen are fused in a large rounded, oval, terminal piece, which has a prominent median dorsal tubercle near the base. PARARGEIA ORNATA Hansen. Parargeia ornata HANSEN, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard College, X X XT, 1897, pp. 120-122, pl. v1, figs. 1-2.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 869; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 338.—Bonntkrr, Travaux de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 329-332.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X X VII, 1904, p. 64. Locality.—Ott Acapulco, Mexico, on Sclerocrangon procax Faxon. Body of female somewhat asymmetrical; length 8 mm.; width 7 mm. Head wider than long, 1$mm.:2mm._ Front of head with a marginal border somewhat upcurved and anteriorly arcuate. Eyes absent. The first pair of antenne are ecotpecrd of three articles, the last of which «By error. » Bost. Jour. Nat. Eee Wale 1857, ps Side 552 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. is very minute. The second pair of antenne are composed of four articles, the last article being also minute. The first four segments of the thorax have the lateral parts longer than the middle of the dorsal region. The epimera of the first four segments are placed on the anterior half of the lateral margin, lateral to the ovarian bosses; they are distinet and well developed on one side Fic. 598.—PARARGEIA ORNATA (AFTER HANSEN). @;) DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 0b, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. ¢, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR OF FEMALE. d, LEG OF SEVENTH PAIR OF MALE. €, HEAD OF FEMALE (VENTRAL VIEW). jf, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. g, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL VIEW). of the body, but small on the opposite side. Ovarian bosses are pres- ent on all the segments, occupying the anterior half of the lateral mar- gin, and placed on the inner side of the epimera. Epimera are not present on the last three segments of the thorax, and the ovarian bosses occupy the entire upper portion of the lateral margin, being produced on one side of the body in large rounded lobes. The pos- terior half of the lateral margin forms a large and conspicuous lobe or expansion on all the segments. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct, and they gradually decrease in size from the first to the last segment, which is rounded posteriorly. The lateral parts of these segments are not developed. The uropoda are simple and single-branched, and consist of two elon- gated lamelle attached to the sixth abdominal segment. There are five pairs of double-branched pleopoda attached to the first five segments. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 5538 The outer branch of each pleopod is elongate and simulates the uro- poda in appearance. The outer branches are all similar in shape and of nearly equal size. The inner branches are small, elongated or rounded, and sac-like. They are not conspicuous in a dorsal view, whereas the outer lamelle form a conspicuous border around the abdomen, where they seem to be attached to the lateral margins of the segments. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle which entirely inclose the marsupial cavity, the lamelle overlapping in the medial ventral line. The basis of all the legs is furnished with a bigh rounded carina. The male is 44 mm. long and 1} mm. wide in the region of the thorax. The abdomen at the base is 2 mm. wide. The anterior mar- gin of the head is rounded. The eyes are absent. The first pair of antenne are composed of three articles. The second pair are composed of five or six articles. All seven segments of the thorax are distinct. The legs are all prehensile. The segments of the abdomen are consolidated in a single segment, which is wider at the base than the segments of the thorax. Its pos- terior margin is widely rounded. Near the base of the segment is a single prominent tubercle in the median line. There are no pleopoda nor uropoda. 94. Genus PROBOPYRUS Giard and Bonnier. Segments of abdomen in female dorsally defined; lateral parts or pleural lamellz not developed. Five pairs of double-branched pleopods are present. Uropoda wanting. Segments of abdomen in male fused dorsally, but defined on the lateral margins. Five pairs of small tuberculiform pleopods present. Uropoda wanting. Branchial parasites. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS PROBOPYRUS. a. Male with the first four segments of the abdomen defined laterally by deep incisions, the last two fused in a large and broad terminal piece. Probopyrus pandalicola (Packard ) . Male with all the segments of the abdomen defined laterally by deep incisions. b. Species large. First incubatory lamella with the distal segment produced poste- riorly in a lobe at the outer angle. ce. Abdomen of male nearly as long as broad... Probopyrus floridensis Richardson c’. Abdomen of male nearly twice as broad as long. d. Body of male wide, thick-set; head and thorax two and a half times or less a’ longer thanjabdomentssess2-s2so-eee oe: Probopyrus bithynis Richardson d’. Body of male narrow; head and thorax three and a half times longer than BO URC MP mh) 62h 2 a le A ae Probopyrus alphei Richardson b’. Species small. First incubatory lamella with the distal segment produced posteriorly at the inner angle. ............-- Probopyrus latreuticola ( Gissler) 554 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PROBOPYRUS PANDALICOLA (Packard). Bopyrus(?) Lerpy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1879, Pt. 2, p. 198.—Hararr, Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, p. 312. Bopyrus pandalicola Packarp, Zoology for Students and General Readers, 1879, pp. 308-309. Bopyrus palemoneticola Packarb, Zoology for High Schools and Colleges, 1881, p. 289. Bopyrus manhattensis GisstER, Scientific American, XLV, Sept. 8, 1881, p. 151. Bopyrus paliemoneticola GissLER, American Naturalist, X VI, 1882, pp. 6-12. Probopyrus palemoneticola GiARD and Bonnter, Bull. Scient., XIX, 1888, p. +.— STEBBING, Hist. Crust., 1893, p. 416. Bopyrus palemoneticola Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 578. Probopyrus palemoneticola Bonnier, Travaux de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 342-343, pl. xxx1.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p? 66.—Pautmtigr, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, pp. 185-186. Localities. Atlantic City, on Palemonetes vulgaris Say; from New Hampshire to Florida, on 7. vulgaris; East Providence, Rhode Island, b FIG. 599.—PROBOPYRUS PANDALICOLA, @, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. X 4. on P. vulgaris; Acushnet River, Massachusetts, on P. vulgaris; Bald- win Lodge, Mississippi, on /’alemonetes sp.; Latana, Florida, on Palemonetes; Brooklyn, New York. i Description.—Color of body white, with patches of black on the lateral margins of all the thoracic segments on both sides of the body. Head and abdomen also with a few scattered black markings. Legs of both sides white; patches of black on the ventral side of the lateral margins of both sides of the thorax. Incubatory lamelle with patches of black on all the plates of both sides. Head deeply set in thorax; anterior margin straight; posterior mar- gin rounded. Eyes wanting. Ovarian bosses present on the first four segments of the thorax at the anterior part of the sublateral margin; epimera evident as narrow plates lateral to the ovarian bosses. The epimera occupy the entire lateral margins on the last three segments. The segments of the abdomen are distinct. The terminal segment is broad, more or less bilobed. The pleopoda consist of five pairs of eo tena are present. The rudimentary pleopoda are pairs of {SOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 555 double-branched lamellar appendages, closely crowded together on the ventral side of the abdomen. The five pairs of incubatory lamelle surround a large open area normally filled with eggs. The first pair have the terminal lobe of the distal segment large, well defined, and incurved. All the legs have a high quadrangu- larly shaped expansion or carina on the Fie. 600.—PROBO- basis. PYRUS PANDALI- . ’ ees Se: Male with all the segments of the sixtH parr or thorax distinct, and with the lateral ADULT FEMALE. B 01 : : tio = Fir t f yur seo ean margins contiguous. First four seg- ments of the abdomen well defined at the sides, but fused in the middle of the dorsal sur- face. The last two segments form a single large piece, the fused terminal segment being indicated only by asmall median point on the posterior margin. The body is a little more than twice as long as wide. Eyes — Fic. 601—Proropy- RUS PANDALICOLA. MALE. x 41. 7 small oval processes, one pair on each abdominal segment. The abdomen is about one and a half times as broad as long. PROBOPYRUS FLORIDENSIS Richardson. Probopyrus floridensis RicHArpDSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VIT, 1904, pp. 70-71. Locality.—Satsuma Island, above St. John’s River, Florida, on Palemonetes exilipes Stimpson. Body of female light brown, with the head, abdomen, ovarian bosses, and epimera light yellow, almost white. Markings of black are pres- ent all over thorax and a few black lines are present on the abdomen. The incubatory lamelle are almost entirely covered with black mark- ings, so that the color is uniformly dark. The lateral parts of the thorax on the ventral side have markings of black, those of one side being in patches with yellow areas separating them, all the legs of this side being yellow. The legs of the opposite side are dark. Head deeply set in thorax, broad anteriorly with frontal margin nearly straight; posterior margin narrowly rounded; eyes wanting. The segments of the thorax are distinct. Ovarian bosses are prom- inent on the anterior portion of the sublateral margin of the first four segments; the epimera are present as narrow plates lateral to the ovarian bosses. On the last three segments the epimera occupy the whole of the lateral margin. The segments of the abdomen are distinctly separated on the dorsal side. The lateral margins are narrowly rounded. ‘The terminal seg- ment of the body is long and narrow, reaching beyond the lateral 556 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. margins of the fifth segment; it is rounded posteriorly, and with or without a minute excavation. FIG. 602.—PROBOPYRUS FLORIDENSIS. a, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME.. X 12. The pleopoda consist of five pairs of double-branched lamellar appendages. The incubatory lamelle are large, encircling the incubatory pouch, leaving only a small opening into the interior. The first pair of plates have the terminal lobe of the distal segment straight. All the legs have a well rounded expansion or carina about the middle of the basis. Male with all the segments of the thorax well defined and widely separated at the sides. Body Re OM elongate, nearly three times as long as wide. FLORIDENSIS. FIRST The abdomen has all the segments foe ee well defined at the sides, but fused —e in the middle of the dorsal surface. Length almost equal to the breadth. Terminal seg- ment well defined, rounded posteriorly, and extending beyond the lobes of the preceding AR segment. The lateral margins of all om the segments are rounded. Pleopoda are present in the form of pairs of \ small rounded processes, a pair on Fic. 604.—Pronopy- each segment of the abdomen. Eyes RUS KLORIDENSIS. present. LEG OF SIXTH PAIR . OF ADULT FEMALE. One specimen was collected by Mr. x 39. y 7 W. C. Kendall at Satsuma Island, eee : . 5 ah = 1G. 605.—PROBOPY- above St. Johns River, Florida; parasitic on Pale- RUS “RLORIDENSIS: monetes exilipes Stimpson. Two other specimens Mt x4. were obtained by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross at Little River, Miama, Florida; parasitic also on Palemonetes exilipes Stimpson. Type.—Cat. No. 29090, U.S.N.M. On ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 55 PROBOPYRUS BITHYNIS Richardson. Probopyrus bithynis Ricuarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, pp. 68-70. Localitics.—Mississippi River near the exposition grounds in New Orleans, Louisiana, on Bithynis ohionis (Smith); Escondido River, Fic. 606.—PROBOPYRUS BITHYNIS. «, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. X 16 Nicaragua, 50 miles from Bluetields, on Bithynis acanthurus (Wieg- mann). Body of female with dorsal surface perfectly white, having onty three small patches of black on one side at the post-lateral parts of the second, third, and fourth thoracic segments. Ventral side of the body with the first pair of incubatory lamelle almost entirely covered with patches of black, and with all the other lamelle of : one side having patches of black, those of the other side being without these patches, with the exception in some speci- mens of the second lamella. Patches é of black also present on the ventral side y of the lateral margins of the second, third, and fourth thoracic segments of Fie. 607—PRonoryrus BITHYNIS. Oneaside—the. same sidevon witch these —— E25! LAMELLA or MAuSUPIUM, markings occur on the dorsal surface and Per Os to which the incubatory lamelle, likewise marked with patches, are attached. Legs of both sides white and without any markings. Head with the antero-lateral corners produced into prominent pro- cesses; anterior margin between these processes straight; posterior margin narrowly rounded. Length of head about equal to its breadth. Eyes wanting. The thoracic segments are distinctly defined. Ovarian bosses are present on all the segments, occupying only the anterior portion of the sublateral margin of the first four segments. The epimera are 5D8 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. evident as narrow pieces lateral to the ovarian bosses on all the segments. The segments of the abdomen are distinct on the dorsal side. The lateral margins of the first five seg- SS ments are straight. The sixth or oY \ terminal segment is narrow, elon- NX . . | =e gate, and has a slight emargina- \ \_) tion in the middle of the posterior . » poe eS q08k: the first five segments from ° each other and from the sixth or terminal segment, which has the posterior margin produced in three small lobes, one median and one on either side, all in a trans- verse line. There are no uropoda nor pleopoda. The abdomen is not abruptly narrower than the thorax. The specimen described is found parasitic on Latreutes ensiferus (Milne Edwards). 28589—05 36 a 562 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 95. GENUS BOPYRISCUS, new genus. Very close to Probopyrus. First four segments of abdomen distinct in female; last two seg- ments fused. Pleopods consist of five pairs of double-branched lamelle. Uropodaabsent. Dis- tal segment of first lamellee of marsupium pro- duced in a small lobe. | Male with first three segments of abdomen distinct; last three fused in the terminal piece, which is trilobate. Uropoda absent. BOPYRISCUS CALMANI, new species. Body somewhat asymmetrical, turned more or less to one side, which is shorter than the other side; longer than wide, 5 mm.:3 mm. Head deeply set in thorax, wider than long, with the front nearly straight or but slightly rounded, and the antero-lateral angles acute. Eyes are present in the form of black pigment. The first pair of antennz are small and are composed rd Bigs ORGuaeees Giga Ole wtbree =~ santiclés.s —slhe MANI. a, Femate. x second pair are also small, rie. 618—Bopyriscus cat- real ritmaas ae. Sud>Composed “of only ca: 97) Ve Tes few articles. The seven segments of the thorax are distinct. The lateral margins of the first four are bilobate; the lateral margins of the last three are straight. Ovarian bosses are faintly indicated on the first four’seg- ments where they occupy the anterior part of the lat- eral margin. Lateral to them are the narrow epimeral plates, which are but faintly indicated. The first four segments of the abdomen are distinct, being separated by faint lines; the last two segments are fused, the line separating them being obliterated. There are no uropoda. The pleopoda consist of five pairs of double-branched, small rounded lamelle. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle that do not 6 Cette completely inclose the incubatory pouch. The first pair riscus carma- have the distal segment produced at the extremity in a AT MALES 2 omall lobe: — The male has the frontal margin of the head rounded. Eyes distinct, situated near the posterior margin. All seven segments of the thorax distinct. The first three segments of the abdomen are eH aT ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 563 distinct; the last three are fused in the terminal piece, which is tri- lobate, a lateral lobe on either side and a larger median posterior lobe. There are no uropoda. This species is named for Dr. W. 'T. Calman, the Scotch naturalist. Only one specimen was collected by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross at Station 4421, between Santa Barbara and San Nicolas, California. The type is in the U. S. Nat. Museum. Cat. No. 32078. 96. Genus BOPYRINA Kossmann. Branchial parasites. Female with segments of abdomen fused in the middle, more or less defined at the sides; lateral parts or pleural lamelle not developed. Pleopoda rudimentary; first four pairs single-branched, simple, last pair wanting. Uropoda wanting. Male with all the segments of the thorax distinct. Segments of the abdomen fused in the middle, but more or less defined at the sides. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS BOPYRINA. a. Segments of the abdomen in female defined only on one side of the body. Bopyrina abbreviata Richardson a’. Segments of the abdomen in female distinctly defined on both sides of the abdomen. b. First incubatory lamellee with the distal segment produced in a linguiform lobe at the outer posterior extremity ..-.-.----.-- Bopyrina urocaridis Richardson b’. First incubatory lamellee with the distal segment roundly produced at the Inner posterlomextremiitys seer soe ae seasees oe See Bopyrina thorii Richardson BOPYRINA ABBREVIATA Richardson. Bopyrina abbreviata RicHarpson, Proce. U.S. Nat. Mus., XX VIT, 1904, pp. 71-73. Locality.—Puntarasa, Florida, on ///ppolyte zostericola (Smith). Body of adult female very asymmetrical, one side being very much longer than the other. Color entirely white with a few black dots seat- tered irregularly over the dorsal surface. Head large, turned to the shorter side; frontal border produced in a rounded lobe in the middle. Antero-lateral angles produced in narrow lobes or processes. Eyes small, distinct. _ The segments of the thorax are distinctly de- fined. The epimera on the longer side of the body pre. 620.—Boryrixa AB- are distinct on the first three segments, where 3®£vi4TA. Dorsal view they occupy the anterior portion of the lateral 770” By margin, but it is impossible to distinguish them on the shorter side. Ovarian bosses are not present on any of the segments. The epimera 564 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. of the last four segments are not separated off from the segments; they occupy the entire lateral margin. The abdominal segments are completely fused in the middle of the abdomen. On the lateral margin of the shorter side of the body there is no indication whatever of the coalesced segments. The first four abdominal segments are represented on the longer side of the body by four rounded lobes. The last two segments are com- pletely fused, and are not indicated — on either side. a The pleopoda, as far as could be dis- cerned, consist of four pairs of single Fic. 621.—Borgnma Vranched lamelle, Three pairs were ABBREVIATA. FIRST distinctly seen; the last pair are very Fic. 622.— Bopyrina LAMELLA OF MAR- indistinct ABBREVIATA. MAX- SUPIUM. X 27. : eee. ILLIPED. X 41. The first lamella of the marsupium on the shorter side extends about one-third the length of the body; onthe longer side, the first lamella extends to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. Male with head large, rounded in front. Eyes large, irregularly shaped. Allseven segments of the thorax distinct. Abdomen narrower than the thorax, and tapering toa narrow extremity. In onespecimenall six segments were more or less defined at the sides; in the other specimen only the first three. Length of abdomen about equal to one-third the length of the body. Color white with markings of black or brown. Nine specimens were collected by Mr. Henry Hemp- hill at Puntarasa, Florida, on //ippolyte zostericola (Smith). This species differs from Bopyrina virbit (Waltz), in the much smaller first lamella in the female, the la- mella of the shorter side of the marsupium extending but one-third the length of the body, whilein B. wirbiz itextends nearly to the abdomen, that of the longer side reaching only the posterior margin of the second tho- ey rade ‘racic seoment, while in 4. v77b77 it extends to the poste- anpreviata, Mate. Tlormarginof the fourth segment; in not having any is indicationof segmentation on the shorter side of the ab- domen, while in 2. v7/7b77 there is some indication, and in having the abdo- men of the male rounded posteriorly with indications of segmentation at the sides more or less during its entire length, while in 2. 177577 the abdo- men is truncate posteriorly, with only the first two segments indicated. The specific name refers to the abbreviated first lamelle of the marsupium., Type.—Cat, No. 29097, U.S.N.M. “Kossman, Zeits. f. Wiss. Zool., XX XV, 1881, p. 666-679, pls. xxxXIv-xXxxy. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 565 BOPYRINA UROCARIDIS Richardson. Bopyrina urocaridis Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VIT, 1904, p. 73. Localities.—Puntarasa, Florida and west Florida, on Urocaris long?- caudata Stimpson. . Body of female twice as long as wide. Head with frontal margin produced in a broadly rounded process. Eyes present about the middle of the head as small black spots. Fic. 624.—BOPYRINA UROCARIDIS. da, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 06, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. 23. The segments of the thorax are distinct. The epimera are marked off by faint lines or impressions. The abdomen is composed of six segments, which are distinct at the sides but fused in the middle. The posterior margin of the terminal segment is broad, with a slight median excavation. The pleopoda consist of four pairs of single- branched plates or lamelle, each pair directed toward the median line. There are no uropoda. The incubatory pouch is a p large area on the ventral side = of the body, which is not closed es c ' FIG. 626.—BOPYRINA UROCA- Fig. 625.—Boryrina Over bytheincubatory lamelle. — ginis Finsr LAMELLA OF aes. These lamelle consist of five — “axsvrtom, ion sive. pairs of plates, the first pair of — ” i which have the second segment produced distally ina linguiform process. Color uniformly light yellow with small black dots on the incubatory lamelle. Male unknown. Four specimens were found—three at Puntarasa, Florida, collected by Henry Hemphill, and one from west Florida, collected by Mr. J. B. Henderson and Mr. C. T. Simpson, all parasitic on Urocaris longicau- data Stimpson. Type.—Cat. No. 29088, U.S.N.M. 566 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. BOPYRINA THORII Richardson. Bopyrina thoriti RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VII, 1904, p. 74. Locality.—Key West, Florida, on Thor floridanus Kingsley. Body of adult female asymmetrical, turned very much to one side. Color yellow, with a few markings of black on one side of the thorax and in the center of the first three segments of the abdomen. Head large, with frontal margin produced in a rounded lobe, which is turned upward in the specimen; the antero-lateral angles are pro- duced into small processes. The eyes are black and distinct. The segments of the thorax are all distinctly separated from each other. The epimera are distinct on the longer side of the body as long, narrow plates on the anterior portion of the lateral margin of the first four segments. Ovarian bosses are not present on any of the segments. The abdomen is composed of six segments, completely fused in the middle, but indicated on both lat- eral margins. The terminal seg- ment is rounded posteriorly. There are four pairs of single- branched pleopoda. The marsu- pium is a large, open area, nor- mally filled with eggs, and inclosed by five pairs of lamelle. The first lamellxe have the distal lobe rounded. The fifth lamelle are narrow, elongated plates. Male unknown. Only one specimen was obtained by the U. 8S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross at Key West, Florida. The species is parasitic on Thor floridanus Kingsley. This species differs from the preceding species chiefly in the form of the distal segment of the first lamelle of the marsupium. Type.—Cat. No. 29099, U.S.N.M. Fic. 627.—BOPYRINA THORII. @, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. X 15. 97. Genus BOPYROIDES Stimpson.¢ Body of female broad, flattened, somewhat asymmetrical. Abdomen distinctly segmented; lateral parts of segments or pleural lamelle not developed. Palp of maxillipeds well defined. Incubatory plates widely separated, not concealing the entire incu- batory cavity and not fully covering the eggs; distal segment of first pair not produced posteriorly in a lobe. “See Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 198. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 567 All seven pairs of legs present. Pleopods wanting and replaced by fleshy ridges. Uropoda wanting. Male with all the segments of the thorax distinct. Segments of abdomen fused. Pleopoda wanting. Uropoda absent. Branchial parasites. BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES (Kroyer). Bopyrus hippolytes Kroyer, Kongelige Danske Videnskabenes Selskabs natur- videnskabelige og mathematiske Afhandlinger, VII, 1838, p. 306, (78), pl. Iv, fig. 22.—Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 283.—Kroyrr, Kongelige Danske Videnskabenes Selskabs naturvidenskabelige og mathe- matiske Afhandlinger, IX, 1842, p. 262; Voy. en Scand., Crust., 1849, pl. XXvi, fig. 2.—Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1863, p. 140. eR NR GehaF NTL - we % FIG. 628.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES (AFTER SARS). @, FIRST INCUBATORY PLATE. }, PALP OF MAX- ILLIPED. Cc, MAXILLIPED. d, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL VIEW). ¢, ANTERIOR PART OF SPECIMEN OF SPIRONTOCARIS POLARIS INFESTED WITH THIS PARASITE. J, LEG. g, ANTERIOR PART OF HEAD OF FEMALE (VENTRAL VIEW). h, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 7%, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. j, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. 568 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Bopyroides acutimarginatus Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, p. 156. Gyge hippolytes Bare and Werstwoop, Brit. Sess. Crust., II, 1868, p. 230.—Mrers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XIX, 1877, p. 64 (14).—Smrru in Harcer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 157.—Harcer, Rep. U. S. Fish Comm., 1880, Pt. 6, p. 311.—Hansen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening 1 Kjabenhayn, 1887-88, p. 197.—AxEL Onin, Akademisk Afhand- ling, XXII, 1895; p. 19. SEO FIG. 629.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES. FIRST INCUBATORY LAMELLA OF SPECIMENS FOUND ON: @, SPIR- ONTOCARIS LAMELLICORNIA FROM PORT TOWNSEND BAY, WASHINGTON. 11}. b, SPIRONTOCARIS POLARIS FROM ABERDORE CHANNEL. 15}. ¢, SPIRONTOCARIS POLARIS FROM GRAND MENAN, NEW BRUNSWICK. X 15}. d, SPIRONTOCARISSPINUS FROM OFF NORTH HEAD, AKUTAN Pass, ALASKA. 77}. Bopyroides hippolytes G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 199-200, pl. LXXXIV, fig. 2.—Bonntkr, Travaux de la Station Zool. de Wimereux, VIII, 1900, pp. 373-375. Bopyroides sarsi Bonnier, Travaux de la station Zool. de Wimereux, pp. 376-377. Bopyroides sp. BoNNiER, Travaux de la station Zool. de Wimereux, p. 378. Bopyroides hippolytes RicHarpson, Proce. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 578; Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXIV, 1905, pp. 218-219. Localities.—Cireumpolar in distribution. Atlantic coast localities: Massachusetts, Bay of Salem, on Sp7ronto- caris spinus, S. fabricii, and S. liljeborgii; Casco Bay, on S. polaris SONG Fic. 630.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES. FIRST LAMELLA OF MARSUPIUM FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: @, SPIRONTOCARIS SPINUS FROM EASTPORT, MAINE. 143. b, SPIRONTOCARIS SPINUS FROM BAY OF ISLANDS, ADAKH, ALASKA. X 23. ¢, SPIRONTOCARIS SECURIFRONS FROM THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. b/, SPIRONTOCARIS SPINUS FROM BAY OF ISLANDS, ADAKH, ALASKA. X 23. and S. pusiola; Bay of Fundy, on S. spinus and S. puséola; Halifax, Nova Scotia; Gulf of Maine, on S. (¢/jeborgii and S. spinus,; Kastport, Maine, on S. spinus; off Cape Cod, on S. lidjeborgii, latitude 73° 48’ north, longitude 80° 30’ west, on S. polaris; latitude 72° 33’ north, ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 569 longitude 71° 30’ west, on S. polaris, latitude 71> 42’ north, longitude 73° west, on S. polaris; latitude 66° 33’ north, longitude 61° 50’ west, on S. polaris; latitude 64° 56’ north, longitude 66 18’ west, on S. polaris. Pacific coast localities: Straits of Fuca, between Washington and Vancouver Island, on Sp/rontocaris suckleyi,; Heceta Bank, Oregon, on S. bispinosa, oft North Head, Akutan Island, Alaska, on S. spénus; Bay of Islands, Adakh, on S. spinus, Port Etches, Alaska, on S. arcuata; west of Amaknak Island, ,. 4.) nopvrotpes Unalaska, on S. arcuata; Bering Sea, north of — urerotyres. First Umnak Island, on Pandalus borealis Kreyer; off serene etre south entrance to Akutan Pass, Alaska, on Pandalus _ rousp ow spiro to- montagui Leach; between Bird and Nagai islands, °** (rena Shumagins, Alaska, on P. montagui; Bering Sea, ING BANKS (GLOU- south of Pribilof Islands, on P. borealis Kroyer; Sari ene Straits of Fuca, on Pandalopsis dispar Rathbun; % Unalaska, and Lituya Bay, Alaska, on Sp/rontocaris hrevirostris (Dana); Puget Sound, on 8S. brevirostris; Bering Sea, west of Pribilof Vaog c d SSOee el SMWOHXS g g g g FG. 632.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES. FIRST INCUBATORY LAMELLA FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: 4, SPI- RONIOCARIS POLARIS FROM WEST OF PRIBILOF ISLANDS. x 143. 0, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM ADMIRALTY INLET, VICINITY OF PORT TOWNSEND. X 5. ¢, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM AFOGNAK Bay, AFOGNAK ISLAND. x 11}. d, ON SPITRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM ADMIRALTY INLET, VICINITY OF PORT TOWNSEND. 111. e!, &, &, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM ALITAK BAY, KaADIAK ISLAND. jf, ON SPIRONTOCARIS HERDMANI FROM QUEEN CHARLOTTE SOUND, OFF FORT RUPERT, VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA. x 31. g!, 9*, 9°, gt, 9°, ON PANDALUS JORDANI FROM QUEEN CHARLOTTE SOUND, OFF FORT RUPERT, VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA. 570 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Islands, on S. polaris (Sabine); Straits of Fuca, on S. suchley/; Lituya Bay, Alaska, on S. suckleyi; Gulf of Georgia, off Nanaimo, Van- couver Island, British Columbia; Queen Charlotte Sound, off Fort Rupert, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, on Sp/rontocar?s herd- och & De d FIG. 633.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES. SIXTH LEG FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: a, SPIRONTOCARIS POLARIS FROM ABERDORE CHANNEL. ™ 273. 0, SPIRONTOCARIS SPINUS FROM NORTH HEAD, AKUTAN ISLAND, ALASKA. 513. ¢, SPIRONTOCARIS SPINUS FROM BAY OF ISLANDS, ADAKH, ALASKA. 513. d, SPIRONTOCARIS SPINUS FROM BAY OF ISLANDS, ADAKH, ALASKA. ™ 512. mant Walker; Queen Charlotte Sound, off Fort Rupert, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, on Pandalus jordani Rathbun; Admiralty LDA) SY Fig. 635.—BOPYROIDES HYPPOLYTES. SIXTH FIG. 634.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES. SIXTH LEG LEG OF SPECIMENS FOUND ON: d, SPIRONTO- FROM SPECIMENS FOUND ON: (, SPIRONTOCARIS CARIS POLARIS FROM GRAND MENAN, NEW SPINUS FROM EASTPORT, MAINE. X 39. b, SPIRON- BRUNSWICK. x 39. b, SPIRONTOCARIS LA- TOCARIS SECURIFRONS FROM BETWEEN HONOLULU MELLICORNIA FROM PORT TOWNSEND. X 39. AND KAUAI ISLAND, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. xX 39. Inlet, vicinity of Port Townsend, on Sperontocaris suchley¢ (Stimpson) ; Afognak Bay, Afognak Island, Central Alaska, on Sp7rontocaris suckley? (Stimpson); Alitak Bay, Kadiak Island, Central Alaska, on Sptrontocaris suckleyt (Stimpson); Julienehaab, on Spirontocarts fabricit Kroyer; Sukkertop- pen on Sp/rontocaris spinus; latitude 66° 32’ north, longitude 55° 34 west, on Sp/rontocaris spinus; Ikertokfjord, on Sprrontocaris polaris, Sl ces, ce ae A Claushavn, on Spirontocaris polaris; Jakobs- Lytes. SixrH Leg From havn; Upernivik, on Spirontocaris polaris; SEECIMEN FOUNDON Seer Port, Poulke ordatitide: (5. north; Grinnell stn: aoe ta alee Discovery Bay, or latitude 81° 44’ north, (GLOUCESTER FISHERMEN). < 15}. on Sprrontocaris polaris. Also recorded from Greenland, Barents Sea, British Isles, coast of Norway; depth, 5 to 116 fathoms. B. acutimarginatus Stimpson is undoubtedly identical with B. hip- polytes (Kroyer), which is circumpolar in distribution, and infests the species and genera quoted above common to both coasts of North America. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. el Depth.—5 to 70 fathoms. Body of female oval, somewhat asymmetrical. Length, 8 mm. Width, 7 mm. 53 . é ft yg g S gy g* ? Fic. 637.—BOPYROIDES HIPPOLYTES. SIXTH LEG OF SPECIMENS FOUND ON: d, SPIRONTOCARIS POLARIS FROM WEST OF PRIBILOF ISLAND. 52. Db, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM ADMIRALTY INLET, VICINITY OF PoRT TOWNSEND. _™ 41. ¢, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM AFOGNAK Bay, AFOG- NAK ISLAND. 52. d, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM ADMIRALTY INLET, VICINITY OF PORT TOWNSEND. x 52. e!, &, e?, ON SPIRONTOCARIS SUCKLEYI FROM ALITAK Bay, KADIAK ISLAND. f, ON SPIRONTOCARIS HERDMANI FROM QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLAND, OFF FORT RUPERT, VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA. 773. g', g?, 9°, gt, g®, ON PANDALUS JORDANI FROM QUEEN CHAR- LOTTE ISLAND, OFF FoRT RUPERT, VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Head a little wider than long, 2 mm.:25 mm., with the anterior margin of the frontal border almost straight. The posterior margin is rounded. The frontal border extends laterally on either side of the 572 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. head ina small lobe. Eyes absent. The first pair of antennz are com- posed of *‘three” articles. The second pair are composed of ‘* five” articles. Both pairs are small and inconspicuous in a dorsal view. The seven segments of the thorax are distinct. Ovarian bosses are present on the sub-lateral anterior portion of the lateral margins of the first four segments. The epimera of these segments are very narrow plates, lateral to the ovarian bosses. On the last three seg- ments the epimera are narrow plates occupying the anterior portion of the lateral margin. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct. The lateral parts of these segments are not produced. The lateral margins are straight. The sixth or terminal segment is very small and posteriorly truncate. There are no uropoda. The pleopoda are represented by fleshy ridges. There are five pairs of incubatory lamelle. The distal portion of the first pair has the posterior margin not produced in a lobe. The seven pairs of legs are small, with prehensile hands and the basis furnished with a high, more or less rounded, carina. The male is elongate, 3 mm. long and 1 mm. wide. Head with the anterior margin rounded. Eyes distinct. The first pair of antenne are composed of three articles. The second pair are composed of four articles. All the thoracic segments are distinct, with straight lateral] margins. The legs are prehensile. All the segments of the abdomen are coalesced in a single segment which tapers posteriorly to a point. There are no uropoda or pleopoda. Family XXI. DAJIDAi.¢ ‘ Body of female symmetrical. Segmentation, when present, only visible in the middle of the dorsal surface. Palp of maxillipeds wanting. Incubatory plates small, often reduced in number. Incubatory pouch confined to the lateral parts of the body, one cavity on either side. Only four or five pairs of legs present, crowded around the oral area. Pleopoda usually rudimentary or entirely wanting. Uropoda developed or absent. Male with the first thorasic segment coalesced with the head. Parasitic on Schizopoda. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY DAJIDZ. a. Body of female distinctly segmented in the dorsal region. Uropoda present. First pair of pleopods well developed; following pairs rudimentary. Genus Dajus Kroyer a’. Body of female without any trace of segmentation. Uropoda absent. Pleopoda Wanting 2.33 se ces wane she Maen eee ee eee Genus Holophry«us Richardson See G. O. Sars for characters of family, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 221. — ee Se pe NS er ae ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. Dike 98. Genus DAJUS Krgyer.4 Female with the head distinct. Middle part of dorsal surface of thorax distinctly segmented. Abdomen abruptly narrower than the thorax; all six segments distinct. Uropoda present in the form of two simple lamellie, close together. Five pairs of incubatory plates present. Five pairs of legs present, short and thick, and of similar structure. First pair of pleopods well developed, consisting of a pair of simple large lamelle, placed behind the last pair of incubatory plates; follow- ing pairs of pleopoda rudimentary. Male with the segments of the abdomen not distinct. Pleopoda wanting. Uropoda rudimentary, in the form of two small, almost inconspicuous lobes. DAJUS MYSIDIS Kroyer. Dajus mysidis Kreyver, Voy. en Scand. Crust., 1849, pl. xxviu, fig. 1. Bopyrus mysidium Packarp, Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., I, 1867, p. 295, pl. vin, fio. Leptophryxus mysidis Bucnnoiz, Zweite Deutsche Nordpolfahrt, 1874, p. 288, pl. Ut One Dajus mysidis LurKen, Crustacea of Greenland, 1875, p. 150.—G. O. Sars, Arch. Math. Nat., II, 1877, p. 354 (254).—Smirx in Harcer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 158.—Harcer, Report U. 8. Comm. of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, p. 312.—Hansen, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kj@benhayn, 1887-88, pp. 197-198.—Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 223-224, pls. xcm1, xcrv.—AXEL Ontin, Bihang till k. Sv. Vet.- Akad. Handl., XX VI, Afd. 1v, No. 12, 1901, p. 39.—RicHarvson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 579. Localities. —Labrador; Greenland; Kingigtok; Duck Island; Murch- ison Sound; Claushayn; latitude 73° 48’ north, longitude 80° 30' west; latitude 72° 33’ north, longitude 71° 30’ west; latitude 71° 57’ north, longitude 73° 56’ west; latitude 66° 33’ north, longitude 61° 50’ west; latitude 64° 56’ north, longitude 66° 18’ west; west coast of Norway; Kara Sea; Sabine Island; Spitzberg; Jan Mayen; Murman coast. Depth.—Three to 20 fathoms. Parasitic on J/ysis oculata (O. Fabricius). ** Body of fully grown female oval quadrangular in outline, broadest in front and slightly narrowed behind. Cephalon imperfectly defined and curved downward, frontal margin straight. Lateral parts of mesosome greatly swollen and projecting anteriorly in the form of bluntly rounded protuberances extending beyond the limits of the cephalon, median part subdepressed and exhibiting 5 or 6 distinct “See Sars for characters of genus, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 222. 574 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. transversal sutures defining the segments. Metasome rather short and but slightly projecting, being conically tapered; its first segment much larger than the others. Oral area placed wholly in front, com- paratively broad, semicircular. Antennule very short, 3-articulate; antenne much more slender and extended laterally, being composed of 8 or 9 articulations successively diminishing in size distally. First Fic. 638.—DAJUS MYSIDIS (AFTER SARS). a, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE (ADULT). 0b, ORAL AREA. c, DORSAL VIEW OF ADULT FEMALE. d, RIGHT PART OF POST-ORAL AREA WITH CORRESPONDING FIVE LEGS AND INCUBATORY PLATES. €, LEG OF MALE. jf, MAXILLIPED. g, MALE (DORSAL VIEW). h, LATERAL VIEW OF MALE. 7, HEAD OF MALE (VENTRAL SIDE). j, SPECIMEN OF MYSIS MIXTA INFESTED WITH PARASITE. k, UROPODA OF MALE. /, UROPODA OF FEMALE. mm, YOUNG FEMALE (VENTRAL VIEW). 2, YOUNG FEMALE (DORSAL AND VENTRAL VIEWS). 0, YOUNG FEMALE (LATERAL VIEW). pair of incubatory plates larger than the next succeeding ones and divided by a transversal fold into two segments; last pair, extending behind the oral area, rather broadly overlapping each other in the middle. Body of young female narrower, subclavate, with the meso- some more distinctly segmented and the metasome more produced; ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 575 that of still younger female oblong, attenuated behind, with the cephalon freely projecting in front, and the coxal plates occupying the side-edges of the mesosome. Body of immature female, immedi- ately after the metamorphosis, somewhat resembling the male in shape, but having only five pairs of legs, and the metasome distinctly seg- mented. Adult male linear, subcompressed, with the six posterior segments of mesosome very sharply marked. off from each other, metasome forming a thickish, undivided piece of oval or elliptical form, carrying at the tip two extremely small appendages (rudiments of uropoda). Color of female along the middle of the dorsal face reddish brown, lateral parts whitish. Length of fully grown female 4 mm., that of male 1 mm.”-—G. O. Sars.@ 99. Genus HOLOPHRYXUS Richardson. Body of female without any trace of segmentation. Abdomen abruptly narrower than thorax, unsegmented, produced to a tapering extremity. Uropoda absent. Pleopods wanting. Five pairs of legs present, crowded closely around the oral area. Five pairs of incubatory lamelle present. This genus differs from jus Kroyer in the absence of all appendages to the abdomen of the female and in lacking all trace of segmentation. It differs from NVotophryxus and Aspidophryxus Sars’ in having all tive pairs of incubatory plates, only one pair being present in Sars’s genera; in having no trace of segmentation; in the shape of the oral area and the position and form of the abdomen, etc. It differs from //etero- phryxus Sars’ in the position of the last pair of legs, which in //efero- phrycus are rather anomalous in structure, are placed at the posterior extremity of the body and are adapted for clasping. It differs from Branchiophryxus Caullery” in having five pairs of legs and five pairs of incubatory plates, while in Branchiophryxus there are but four pairs of legs and four pairs of incubatory plates. It differs from Zonophryxus Richardson © in lacking pleopoda, one pair being present in Zonophryxus, in the form of the abdomen and in the general shape of the body. It differs from Prodajus Bonnier’ in the form of the abdomen, which is unsegmented and not bifureate. @ Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 223-224. bIdem, pp. 225-231; Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition, Crust., I, 1885, pp. 156-159. ¢ Challenger Report, XIII, 1885, Pt. 37, Report on the Schizopoda, pp. 220-221, pl. xxxvill, figs. 8-14. a@ Journ. R. Micr. Soc. Lond., 1897, Pt. 3, p. 204; Zool. Anzeiger, XX, 1897, pp. 88-92. e Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 1903, pp. 51-52. f Comptes Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, CX XX VI, 1903, pp. 102-103. 6 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. HOLOPHRYXUS ALASCENSIS Richardson. Holophryxus alascensis RicHarpson, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXIV, 1905, pp. 220-221. Localities.—Vieinity of Yes Bay, Behm Canal; vicinity of Funter Bay, Lynn Canal. Depth.—\47 to 350 fathoms. Body of female irregular in outline. Color uniformly light yellow. Head represented by a bilobed prominence anterior to squarish body. (eS a b Fic. 639.—HoOLOPHRYXUS ALASCENSIS. a, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. x 33. b, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. xX 83. ¢C, VENTRAL VIEW OF FEMALE. xX 3 we Eyes wanting. Dorsal surface of thorax with no trace of segmenta- tion. A few lines only are present, representing creases or folds in the integument and having no relation to suture lines. The abdomen projects below the thorax, although there is no dis- tinct boundary between these two divisions of the body, as a triangular ‘process without any trace of segmentation and with & no appendages. Uropoda and pleopoda are entirely wanting. In a lateral view the first tive segments of the thorax are represented by the five coxal plates, which bound the oral area, and are not separated by sutures from — Fié. 641.—HoLopuryxvs eae —. the dorsal surface of the AUASCENS ES eae as Fic. 640.—HOLOPHRYXUS a l LCe tl CUBATORY LAMELLA (DIS- ALASCENSIS. MAXILLI- body. On the ventral side TAL LOBE). xX 273- PED. X 27}. the oral area is bounded anteriorly by the head and laterally by the two divergent rows of coxal plates. The antenne and antennule are quite rudimentary. Theantenne seem to be composed of three joints, the antennule of two. There are five pairs of legs, surrounding the oral area, situated just within the two rows of coxal plates. From the bases of these legs five pairs of incubatory plates arise, the last pair overlapping in the middle ventral line. No males were found. Three specimens were taken by the U. 5. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 577 Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross at Station 4236, vicinity of Yes Bay, Behm Canal, and Station 4257, vicinity of Funter Bay, Lynn Canal. Depth, 147 to 350 fathoms. The host is unknown. The type of the species is in the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 29250. Another specimen has been collected: by the U. S. Bureau of Fish- eries steamer A/batross from southern California. Family XXII. CRYPTONISCID. ¢ Body of female forming a sac filled with eggs, with sometimes only slight traces of segmentation. No true legs present, all or most of the appendages of the body lost. Male not different from female larva of the last larval stage and does not pass beyond this stage. In the last larval stage the first pair of antenne have two flagella and the basal article is expanded behind, with the expansion generally pectinate. Epimera usually pectinate. First two pairs of legs shorter and thicker than others. Both branches of pleopoda welldeveloped. Outer branch of uropoda generally much shorter than inner branch. 100. Genus CLYPEONISCUS Giard and Bonnier. ? Body of adult female flattened, oval, without any traces of segmenta- tion. Lateral parts lobular; anterior and posterior extremities incised. Dorsal surface convex, with an opaque area in front of the middle. Ventral surface flattened with a longitudinal slit leading to the inner cavity, and having on either side a number of small valvular lamellee. At the base of the posterior incision is a small projection. There is no distinct apparatus for fixing the parasite. Male short and thick. Basal expansion of the first pair of antennze broad and pectinate. Epimera distinctly pectinate. Second pair of antenne short. Uropoda with the outer branch much smaller than the inner. First larval stage having a broad operculiform plate covering the ventral side of the terminal part of the body. Parasitic in the incu- batory pouch of Isopods of the family Idotheide. CLYPEONISCUS MEINERTI Giard and Bonnier. Clypeoniscus meinerti GraRD and Bonntkr, Bull. Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique (4), X XV, 1893, pp. 421-436, 444. Localities.—Greenland (Godhayn); Nova Zembla (Jugor Schar) (Giard and Bonnier). Depth.—6 to 10 fathoms. @ For characters of family see Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 231-232, > For characters of genus, see Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 239, 28589—05——37 578 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. a, DORSAL VIEW OF ADULT FEMALE AT A STAGE INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN INCUBATORY LAMELLEZ BY MARGINAL FOLDS (ADULT Fig. 642.—CLYPEONISCUS MEINERTI (AFTER GIARD AND BONNIER). FEMALE. 16. 0b, VENTRAL VIEW OF SAME. ©¢, AND b. x 90. d, MODE OF OPENING OF FEMALE). x 50. ¢, THE SAME SEEN FROM WITHIN, x 90, De oe (eet ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 579 Parasitic in the incubatory pouch of Syntdotea nodulosa (Kroyer). When the /dotea infested with the parasite is laid on its dorsal side and presents the ventral side to the observer, one separates the five pairs of incubatory lamelle and perceives, on a level with the second, third, and fourth thoracic segments, a body regularly oval, slightly attenuated at the two extremities of the long axis, and presenting an appearance very indistinctly segmented; it seems completely filled with a compact mass of little grains, yellow in alcohol, which are the eges distending the incubatory cavity. Toward the middle of the sur- face, which is not applied to the ventral part of the host, and a little toward the base, one notices the mark of a dead white. If one detaches this oval body and examines the other side, one sees that it is divided longitudinally by a groove, which extends from one extremity to the other. On several individuals one finds, generally toward the extrem- ity the nearest to the head of the host, a very small Isopod, scarcely visible to the naked eye, measuring 0.85 mm., but presenting all the typical characters of the group. This last is the male Clypeoniscus, while the oval mass, filling the incubatory cavity of the host, is the female, reduced to a simple incubatory sac filled with embryos. When the female becomes adult it takes the form figured, repre- senting the dorsal and ventral sides. It is then a globular mass, which appears divided longitudinally by a groove, scarcely visible on the dorsal side and interrupted toward the cephalic region by a white mass, the dorsalorgan. This little mass, somewhat thick, the histolog- ical composition of which we have not determined because of the state of preservation of the specimen, is all that remains of the visceral part of the female, the ovary, digestive tube, etc. Outside of this there is nothing more than the body wall transformed into an incubatory envelope, preserving nothing to recall the primitive Isopod, neither segmentation nor appendages. However, if one examines the female on the ventral side, considering its position in relation to the host, we see that the dorsal groove continues on this side and assumes an appearance altogether special. Immersed between the lateral masses filled with embryos, it is formed by the superposition of a system of small lamellee which one can easily enough separate, without tearing, and which permits of emptying the female completely of eggs; it is the opening of the incubatory cavity. We have represented this system of lamelle as we have been able to expose it under the microscope, after having removed the dorsal surface of the female. This long opening terminates plainly in two extremities between the anterior and the posterior bosses of the animal, and the way in which the lamelle which form it lie over each other in regular order is rather complicated. Very small at the two extremities of the opening these lamelle become larger toward the ventral part; they are ten or eleven pairs in number. 580 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM, Fia. 643.—CYLPEONISCUS MEINERTI (AFTER GIARD AND BONNIER). a, POSTERIOR PART, VIEWED DOR- SALLY, OF EMBRYO OF FIRST STAGE. x 240. b, LATERAL VIEW OF EMBRYO. xX 240. c, VENTRAL VIEW OF EMBRYO, x 420, d, SIXTH LEG, x 080. €, POSTERIOR EXTREMITY, x 580. /, FIFTH LEG, x 580, ~ aay) EO OS sO ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 581 The figures represent the anterior extremity of the opening seen from the exterior and the interior side (the observer being supposed, in the last case, to be within the incubatory cavity). The first pair of lamellee is simple, semicircular, and one of them covers the other; but the second and third become much more complicated; each is formed of a double fold, presenting in a way two secondary lamelle united along one of their lateral margins, while the others remain free. They arrange thus between themselves an opening similar to that formed by a sheet of paper folded in two. When the lateral margins of the fis- sure of the opening of the incubatory cavity are brought together, the inner secondary lamella of the right margin, for example, pene- trates into the fissure arranged between the inner secondary lamella of the left side and the outer secondary lamella of the left side, which is itself covered by the external secondary lamella of the right side. These lamelle, very thin on their free edges, are a little thicker near their point of attachment and present several little symmetrical swell- ings. Each pair is separated from the other by an interval which is apparent only when one stretches the walls of the incubatory cavity. When the living female rolls up on herself, all the lamelle are covered over, not only laterally, but also behind and before in such a way as t6 close hermetically the cavity where the embryos are inclosed.@ “The above is adapted from the following description of Giard and Bonnier’s: Quand, l’Idotée parasitée étendue sur la face dorsale et présentant sa face yen- trale 4 observateur, on écarte les cing paires de lamelles incubatrices, on apercoit au niveau des 2°, 3° et 4° segments thoraciques un corps réguliérement ovoide, légé- rement atténué aux deux extrémités du grand axe et montrant une apparence trés vaguement segmentée; il semble rempli exactement d’une masse compacte de petits grains, jaundtres dans l’aleohol, qui sont des ceufs distendant la cayité incubatrice. Vers le milieu de la surface qui n’est pas appliquée a la partie ventrale de l’héte, et un peu vers le bas, on remarque une tache d’un blane mat. Si l’on détache ce corps ovoide et si l’on examine l’autre face, on voit qu’elle est divisée longitudinalement par un sillon qui s’étend d’une extrémité 4 autre. Sur quelques individus on trouve généralement, vers l’extrémité la plus rapprochée de la téte de l’héte, un trés petit Isopode, 4 peine visible 4 l’ceil nu, mesurant 0™ ,85, mais présentant toutes les particularités typiques du groupe: ce dernier est le male Clypeoniscus, tandis que la masse ovoide, remplissant la cavité incubatrice de l’héte, est la femelle réduite 4 un simple sac incubateur rempli d’embryons. Quand la femelle devient adulte, elle prend la forme figurée, représentant les faces dorsale et ventrale. C’est alors une masse globuleuse qui semble divisée longitu- dinalement par un sillon, peu visible 4 la face dorsale et interrompu, vers la région céphalique, par une partie blanchdtre que nous appellerons organe dorsal. Cette petite masse, un peu épaissie, et dont nous n’avons pu déterminer la composition his- tologique, A cause de l’état de conservation de V’animal, est tout ce qui reste de la partie viscérale de la femelle, ovaire, tube digestif, ete. Hors cela, il n’y a plus que la paroi du corp transformée en enveloppe incubatrice, et ne conservant plus rien rappelant I’ Isopode primitif, ni segmentation, ni appendices. Cependant si on considére la femelle par la face que nous appelons ventrale, vu Sa position par rapport 4 l’hoéte, nous voyons que le sillon dorsal se continue sur cette face et prend un aspect tout a fait spécial. Enfoncé entre les masses latérales, bourrées 582 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The young stage of the female and the male of Clypeoniscus han- seni is described and figured in the above article. Sars suggests that perhaps the two species are identical, the occurrence of both forms only has led the authors (Giard and Bonnier) to regard them as dis- tinct species. Attached to the ventral side of the abdomen of the Isopod Pancolus californiensis Richardson was a parasite which probably belongs to the family Cryptoniscide. As, however, there are no males and no immature forms to indicate the relationship of this parasite, I shall not indicate its systematic position at present. In case this should prove to be a new genus of Cryptoniscide, I might sug- gest the name Oosaccus for its reception. Body of female ovate, longer than broad, 2 mm.:3 mm.; perfectly symmetrical, with the anterior and posterior extremities rounded. There is no trace of segmenta- tion, and there are no appendages, the body being simply an oval sac. a é Fic. 644.—Oosaccus. a, DORSAL SIDE OF FEMALE. b, VENTRAL SIDE OF SAME, Wembryons, il est formé par la superposition d’un systéme de petites lamelles qu’on peut assez facilement séparer, sans les déchirer, et qui permettent de vider compléte- ment la femelle de ses embryons: ¢’est ’ ouverture de la cavité incubatrice. Nous avons représenté ce systéme de lamelles tel que nous avons pu |’étaler sous le microscope, apres avoir enlevé la surface dorsale de la femelle. Cette longue fente se termine nettement aux deux extrémités entre les bosses antérieures et postérieures de l’animal, et la facon dont s’imbriquent les lamelles qui la ferment est assez com- pliquée. Trés petites aux deux extrémités de la fente, ces lamelles deviennent plus grandes vers la partie ventrale; elles sont au nombre de dix cu onze paires. Les figures représentent l’extrémité antérieure de la fente vue par Ja partie exté- rieure et Ja partie intérieure (l’observateur étant supposé, dans c2 dernier cas, dans la cavité incubatrice). La premicre paire de lamelles est simple, semi-circulaire, et Vune d’elles recouvre autre; mais la deuxicme et la troisiéme deviennent bien plus compliqués; chacune d’elles est formée dun double repli de fagon 4 présenter deux lamelles secondaires soudées par un de leurs bords latéraux, tandis que les autres restent libres; elles ménagent done entre elles une fente semblable a celle formée par une feuille de papier pliée en deux. Quand les bords latéraux de la fente d’ ouverture de la cavité incubatrice sont rapprochés, la lamelle secondaire interne du bord droit, par example, pénétre dans la fente ménagée entre la lamelle secondaire interne du bord gauche, et la lamelle secondaire externe du méme bord, qui est elle-méme recouverte par la lamelle secondaire externe du bord droit. Ces lamelles, trég minces sur leurs bords libres, sont un peu plus épaisses vers leur point d’attache et présentent quelques petits renflements symétriques. Chaque paire est séparée de l'autre par un intervalle qui n’est sensible que quand on opére une traction sur les parois de la cayvité incubatrice. Quand la femelle vivante se ramasse sur elle-méme, toutes les lames se recouvrent, non seulement latéralement, mais aussi d’arriére en avant, de facon 4 clore hermétiquement la cavité ot sont incubés les embryons.—Grarp and Bonnrer, Bull. scient. de la France et de la Belgique (4), 1893, pp. 422-423, 425-427. oe et cal ia tal i ance tata Ran tan lh a eal el ir Bis ty Se ear ae Fie (te RA a ee pth ee a SHR AT eS ane as pred, é fet, 3 s - ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 583 There is no chord of attachment. On the ventral side is a small rounded opening, where the parasite was attached to the host. There seems to be an outer wall and an inner wall. The outer wall is prob- ably attached to the host around the circular opening. ‘The inner wall is guarded by three or four valves. Through the integument of the inner wall can be seen the eggs which completely fill the body cavity. It was found attached to the ventral side of the abdomen of the Isopod Pancolus californiensis Richardson, belonging to the family Zanaide. There are but two specimens, both females, and no males were found. The types are in the U. S. Nat. Museum, Cat. No. 32111, U.S.N.M. VELONISCOlIDEA? Legs all ambulatory in character. Uropoda terminal, styliform, composed of a peduncle and two branches, the branches being uniar- ticulate. Pleopoda fitted for air breathing, the outer opercular plate of the first two pairs and sometimes of all five pairs containing air cavities or trachee. In the male the inner plate of the second pair and sometimes of the first pair is modified. Abdomen composed of six well-defined segments. The first pair of antennz are small, rudimentary, and inconspicuous; they are never composed of more than three articles. Mandibles strong, without palps. First maxillee have two mastica- tory lobes. Second maxjlle with only a very slight indication of a subdivision into lobes. Marsupial pouch in the female composed of four pairs of plates issuing from the bases of the second, third, fourth, and fifth pairs of legs. This superfamily includes all the terrestrial Isopods. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF ONISCOIDEA. ‘. a. Inner antennze with one to two articles. Pleopoda in four pairs; those of first segment wanting; those of the second, third, fourth, and fifth segments have a single branch, all branchial; the branch of the second segment, however, in the male, is produced on the inside in a long, compressed stylet; uropoda form ANPOeTIOT OPELCUlMMees «ej. Sea See lola ene clare oo Family X XIII. Tyiipa a’. Inner antennze with three articles. Pleopoda in five pairs, all double branched. External branch of all five pairs opercular in character. Internal branch branchial, in the male, however, of the first and second pairs sexual; uropoda not forming an operculum. }. First maxillee with inner lobe furnished with from five to fifteen plumose WLOCCSSCS se lata aoa ee er ne See 8 on lenin es. 5- Family XXIV. EvsBetip2 }’. First maxille with the inner lobe furnished at the tip with only two or three plumose processes. c. Buceal mass not very prominent below. First maxillee have two plumose setee on the inner plate. Mandibles with molar expansion obsolete, with- out any triturating surface, it being replaced by brushlike recurved sete. « For characters of family see Budde-Lund, Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, and Sars, Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 155-154. 584 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. d. Maxillipeds with terminal joints small and almost rudimentary, hardly longer than masticatory lobe, which is truncate. e. External antenne generally long, close together, with antennal openings large. Body asa rule scarcely able to be contracted ina ball. Head less manifestly immersed in first thoracic segment. Lateral parts of the head separated by a vertical marginal and inframarginal line. Clypeus arched. Legs generally long. Uropoda produced, reaching beyond the terminal segment of the abdomen and the preceding segment. Terminal segment narrower than preceding ones and usually conically produced at, endian ae ee eee Family XX V. Oniscipa e’, External antennze generally short, with antennal openings smail. Body able to be contracted into a ball. Head immersed in first thoracic segment. Lateral parts of the head undifferentiated. Clypeus perpen- dicular. Legs generally short. Uropoda short, not reaching beyond the terminal segment of the abdomen or the preceding segment. Terminal segment short and broad...Family XX VI. ArRMADILLIDIDm d’/, Maxillipeds with terminal joints large, lamellar, much longer than masti- catory lobe, which is acutely produced ...Family XX VII. ScypHactpa® ce’. Buecal mass prominent. First maxille have three plumose setze on the inner plate. Mandibles with molar expansion large and broad, exhibiting a finely fluted triturating surface. d. Head without any lateral lobes, frontal part rounded. Eyes well developed or wanting. Inner antennz with last joint very small and without dis- tinctly developed sensory filaments. Second antenne with flagellum multiarticulate. Posterior maxillze with two thick, hairy bristles. Max- illipeds with the terminal part distinctly five-articulate, masticatory lobe truncate at tip, epignath short. External sexual appendages in male double. Inner branches of first pair of pleopoda of a similar structure in both sexes, that of second pair in male terminating in long stylet. Both branches of uropoda styliform ....-.-- Family XX VIII. Liaeypips i’. Head with distinct, though not very large, lateral lobes, front more or less produced. Eyes small or wanting. Inner antenne with last joint well ~ developed and tipped with a number of delicate sensory filaments. Sec- ond antennze with flagellum not more than six jointed. Posterior maxillee without any bristles. Maxillipeds with the terminal part gen- erally imperfectly articulated, masticatory lobe terminating in a thin lash, lepignath narrow, linguiform. Sexual appendage of male simple; inner branch of both first and second pairs of pleopoda modified. Uropoda with branches conically tapered. ------ Family X XIX. TricHoniscipa® Family XXIII. TYLID.¢ Inner lobe of the First maxille furnished with three subequal plumose processes First pair of Briton small, composed of one or two articles. Abdomen composed of six distinct segments. Four pairs of pleopoda present; the first pair of pleopoda are want- ing; the pleopoda of the second, third, fourth, and fifth segments have single branches, all branchial; the branch of the second segment, how- ever, in the male is produced on the inside in a long, compressed stylet. The uropoda form an operculum, with the outer branch very small and situated at the apex “See Budde-Lund for Chameee of nal Cueinees aegeoun Terrestria, 1885, p. 272. ee ee Se a te ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 585 101. Genus TYLOS Latreille. With characters of family. Only genus. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS TYLOS. a. Terminal abdominal segment triangularly produced, with apex rounded. Ven- tral plates or inferior processes of the fifth abdominal segment meeting in the median ventral line.” Color whites... ----.------- Tylos niveus Budde-Lund a’. Terminal abdominal segment quadrangular; posterior margin straight, not pro- duced. Ventral plates of fifth abdominal segment not meeting in the median ventral line. Color light brown with black spots. Tylos latreilli Audouin and Savigny TYLOS NIVEUS Budde-Lund. Tylos niveus BuppE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 278-279.—RicHarp- son, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 561; Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., XI, 1902, p. 301. Localities.—Key West, Florida; Bermudas. Body oblong-ovate, convex, contractile into a ball, very minutely and densely punctate, and covered with hairs, especially at the sides. Eyes small, composite, occupying a fourth part of the width of the head; about 30 ocelli. First pair of antennse composed of one article, immovable. Second pair lost in the specimen. Front of head not separated from the epistome; epistomal shield subtetragonal, becoming narrow anteriorly, reflexed; clypeus large, tretragonal, a little impressed transversely. The first segment of the thorax with the | lateral margin deeply sulcate; epimera of saat eae : Fig. 645.—TyLos NIVEUS (AFTER the two following segments small,rounded, _ potzrvs). a, HEAD WITH ANTENNA. subtriangular, a little excavate anteriorly. ©: Last TwOSEGMENTS oF ABDOMEN. The fifth segment of the abdomen with aaa e the inferior processes strong, tetragonal, meeting in the middle; the fourth segment with the processes small, oblong, narrow; the third segment with the epimera minute; the terminal segment convex, extending a little beyond the parallel epimera of the preceding seg- ment. The uropoda forma rounded operculum, becoming narrower anteriorly. Color white. Length 13mm. Width 5.5mm. Height 3 mm.¢ «The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: Oblonge ovalis, convexus, in globum contractilis, minutissime et dense punctatus, preesertim ad latera setigerus. Oculi minores, compositi vel congregati, quartam partem capitis latitudinis possi- dentes, corneule vel ocelli circiter 30. Antennze exteriores 586 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. TYLOS LATREILLI Audouin and Savigny. Tylos latreilli Aupourx and Savieny, Descript. de lV Egypte, 1826, pp. 285-287 plexi, fg. 1: Tylos armadillo LATREILLE, Cuvier, Régne Animal, 2d ed., IV, 1829, p. 142.— GuERIN, Iconogr. Crust., 1829-1843, p. 35, pl. xxxv1, fig. 4. Tylos latreilli MttNe EKpwarps. Hist. Nat. Crust., III, 1840, p. 188; Régne anim., Crust., 1849, pl. Lxx bis., fig. 2.—Lucas, Expl. d’ Alg., I, 1849, p. 73.—He1- LER, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ver., Wien, X VI, 1866, p. 732.—Mukrrs, Proc. Zool. Soe. Lond., 1877, p. 674.—Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 273- 274 (see Budde-Lund for synonymy ).—Do.urus, Bull. Soc. d’Etudes Scien- tifiques de Paris, 12th year, 1890, pl.1, fig. 4. Tylos armadillo Dotitrus, Mém. Soc. Zool. de France, 1896, p. 550. Tylos latreilli RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 300-301, pl. x1, fig. 56. ’ Localities. —Bermudas; Miami, Florida; Long Bird Island, Bermu- das; also Algeria; Tunisie; Odessa. Body elliptical in outline, very convex, and able to be contracted in a ball. Surface smooth or minutely granular and setigerous. Color yellow or light brown, marked with black spots. Head with front not marginate; lateral angu- lations produced into lobes, which are trun- cate. Epistome forming a triangular shield, ad- vancing some distance FIG. 646.—TYLOS LAT- REILLI. OPERCU- LUM. beyond the surface of the head. Eyes situated post- laterally. Second Fic. 647.—TYLOS LATREILLI (AFTER DOLLFUS). a, HEAD WITH ANTENNA. b, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN. (ENLARGED. ) pair of antenne, with a five-jointed peduncle and a flagellum consisting of four joints, extend to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. The seven thoracic segments are subequal. The epimera of the first segment are represented by a thickening of the lateral edge, which is incised or cleft posteriorly. The epimera of all the other segments are dorsally separated by distinct suture lines. Antenne interiores uniarticulatee, immobiles. Frons ab epistomate non discreta; epistomatis scutellum subtetragonem, ante angu- statu, reflexum; clypeus amplus, tetragonus, tranverse paulum impressus. Trunciannulus primus margine laterali profunde sulcato; epimeraannulorum duo- rum sequentium parva, rotundata, subtriangula, ante paulum excavata. Caudze annulus quintus processubus inferioribus validis; tetragonis, medio attin- gentibus; annulus quartus processubus parvis, oblongis, angustis; annulus tertius epimeris minutis; annulus analis convexus, epimera annuli preeanalis parallela-satis superans. Pedes anales operculum rotundatum, ante angustatum formantes. Color albidus. Longitudo13 mm. Latitudo5.5 mm. Altitudo 3 mm.—Buppg-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 278-279. eS oe ee, ae a a ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 587 The first two abdominal segments have their lateral margins covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The three following segments com- plete the elliptical outline of the body, their lateral margins forming a line curving inward toward the terminal segment. The last abdomi- nal segment is quadrangular in outline, its post-lateral angles rounded, and extends a little distance beyond the epimera of the preceding seg- ment. The uropoda are transformed into opercular- valves. At the posterior end of each large lamellar valve is a small setose joint. The third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments have plates on the ventral side extending from the margin inward in the form of lamelle, those of the fifth segment being longest and largest, but not meeting in the median line, being a little distance apart. The legs are simple, ambulatory. Three specimens were collected by Mr. J. M. Jones at the Bermudas, and about twenty more by Prof. A. E. Verrill and party at the same locality in 1898. Others were collected in 1901 at Long Bird Island, Bermudas. Family XXIV. EUBELID.¢ Flagellum of the second antenne generally more or less obscurely triarticulate, rarely only biarticulate; peduncle with the first article very short, the third article always shorter than the second, the fourth article a little longer than the second, the fifth article always the longest. Eyes distinct, composed of numerous ocelli. Head with the epistome forming a continuous frontal marginal line, often effaced in the middle. The antennal foramina are moderately large, the antennal tubercles small, often wanting. Clypeus short, vaulted, lobate at the sides. The pleuree of the head are fused; the vertical marginal line does not reach the frontal margin; there is no vertical inframarginal line. The inner lobe of the first or inner maxille has numerous plumose processes (5-15); the outer or second maxille are wide, obscurely bifid, the exterior lobe much wider and larger than the inner. The first segment of the thorax has thick epimera, separated from the middle of the segment by a sutural furrow, the lateral margin pos- teriorly cleft, rarely entire. The anterior articulating part of all the segments (2-7) manifestly separated from the posterior part. The marsupium is present. The terminal abdominal segment is triangularly or even quadran- gularly produced, not extending or extending very little beyond the epimera of the preceding segment. The outer branch of the first or generally of all the pleopoda furnished with trachew. Uropoda short, not extending or extending very little beyond the terminal segment of the abdomen. Peduncle large, wide. Outer branch small or minute. «See Budde-Lund for characters of family, A revision of Crustacea Isopoda Ter- restria, 1899, Pt. 1, Eubelum, pp. 2-3. 588 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 102. Genus ETHELUM Budde-Lund.4 Antenne with the flagellum composed of two articles. Inner lobe of the first or inner maxillee furnished with four plumose processes. First segment of the thorax with the epimeron thick, separated above from the middle of the segment by a longitudinal furrow, lat- eral margin not excavate, posteriorly cleft. The second segment of the thorax with the epimera entire. Outer branches of all the pleopoda furnished with tracheee. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ETHELUM. a. Surface of body smooth, with the side parts of the thoracic segments (two to seven ) and the abdominal segments not bent downward. ; b. Prosepistoma plain. Coxopodite of the second segment of the thorax forming a nearly inconspicuous ridge before the leg. Caudal segment triangular; apex pointed. Inner branch of the uropoda extends beyond the apex of the caudal Secment ssc Ae A ee Ethelum modestum (Dollfus) b’. Prosepistoma with a shield-like convexity. Coxopodite of the second segment of the thorax hardly visible, only a very small dentiform process before the leg. Caudal segment flat, with rounded apex. Inner branch of the uropoda reaches two-thirds the length of the caudal segment. Ethelum americanum (Dollfus) a’. Surface of body slightly granulated, with the side parts of the thoracic segments (two to seven) and the abdominal segments bent downward. Caudal segment with blunt rounded apex. Inner branch of the uropoda reaches two-thirds the length of the caudal segment. 22-25-22 =--5--seee aes Ethelum reflecum (Dollfus) ETHELUM MODESTUM (Dollfus). Mesarmadillo modestus Doutrus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 397.—RicH- ARDSON, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 573. Ethelum modestum Buppr-Lunp, A Revision of ‘‘Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria,”’ 1899, p. 25; Ent. Meddel. (2), I, Pt. 2, 1899, p. 91. Locality.—St. Vincent, West Indies. Dry forest, leeward, under a log, 800 feet. **Body rather convex and narrow, smooth. Prosepistoma plain, continuous with the forehead in the middle, and separated from it on both sides by a transverse, incomplete, preocular cut. Eyes moderate; ocelli about 16. Antenne short, flagellum very small, first joint three times shorter than the second. Pereion: first segment with the antero- median tubercle hardly perceivable; coxopodites distinct on the entire length of the edge of the segment, with the hind part diverging and covered by the posterior angle of the segment. Coxopodite of the second segment forming a nearly inconspicuous ridge before the leg. Pleon, telson: pleotelson triangular; sides feebly curved; apex pointed. “See Budde-Lund for characters of genus, A revision of Crustacea Isopoda Ter- restria, 1899, Pt. 1, Eubelum, p. 24. > See ee a ee 8 rar OO EE lll 7 ' ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 589 Uropoda: basis with a large oblong processus; endopodites extending beyond the apex of the pleotelson; exopodites small, placed at the top Fig. 648.—ETHELUM MODESTUM (AFTER DOLLFUS). da, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). 6, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ¢, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND URO- PODA (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). of the basal processus. Color: gray or reddish, with small light lineolz on the pereion; uropoda light. Dimensions: 6 by 2} mm.”—— DoLurFus.” ETHELUM AMERICANUM ( Dollfus ). Mesarmadillo americanus DoLurus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 397-398.— RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 573. Ethelum americanum Buppg-Lunp, A Revision of ‘‘Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria,”’ 1899, p. 24; Ent. Meddel. (2), I, Pt. 2, 1899, p. 90. Locality.—St. Vincent, West Indies. Sugar-cane field, under decay- x b | LES Fic. 649.—ETHELUM AMERICANUM (AFTER BUDDE-LUND). a, APEX OF INNER LACINIA OF FIRST RIGHT MAXILLA. X 130. 6, LEFT ANTENNA. X 25. c, FLAGELLUM OF LEFT ANTENNA. x 70. ing cane-leaves. Leeward, lowland near sea, under stones; under old boards, 250 feet; under rubbish, shady place. @ Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 397, 590 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. **Body convex, rather narrow, smooth. Cephalon: prosepistoma with a small shield-like convexity; the prosepistoma is continuous with the forehead in the middle and separated from it on both sides by atrans- verse, incomplete, preocular cut. Eyes moderate; ocelli about 12. Antenne short; flagellum small, first joint three times shorter than the second. Pereion: first segment with the antero-median tubercle hardly perceivable; coxopodites distinct on the entire length of the edge of the segment (upper side), forming a thick border, slightly crossed by the posterior angle of the segment. Coxopodite of the sec- Fic. 650.—ETHELUM AMERICANUM (AFTER DOLLFUS). @, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THO- RAX (UPPER SIDE). b, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). C, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ond segment hardly visible as a very small dentiform processus before the legs. Pleon, telson: pleotelson flat, with curved sides and rounded apex. Uropoda: basis with a large, oblong processus, extending between the lateral part of the fifth segment of the pleon and the pleotelson; endopodite reaching to two-thirds the length of the pleotel- son; exopodite minute, placed at the top of the basal processus. Color: brownish, with small light lineole on the pereion; flagellum white; uropoda reddish. Dimensions: 6 by 24 mm.”—Do.urus.¢@ ETHELUM REFLEXUM /(Dollfus). Mesarmadillo reflexus Douurus, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 3898-399.— RicHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 678. Ethelum reflecum Buppre-Lunp, A Revision of ‘‘ Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria,”’ 1899, pp. 25-26; Ent. Meddel. (2), I, Pt. 2, 1899, pp. 91-92. Locality.—St. Vincent, West Indies. Open, swampy land, under rubbish. «Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 397-398. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 591 ‘* Body slightly granulated, very convex, and narrowed backward, the side parts of the pereion (segments 2-7) and of the pleon tending downward. Cephalon: prosepistoma with a shield-like triangular convexity; the prosepistoma is continuous with the forehead in the middle and separated from it on both sides by a transverse, incomplete, preocular cut. Eyes moderate; ocelli about 12. Antenne short; flagellum small, first joint four times shorter than the second. Pereion: first segment with the antero-median tubercle hardly perceivable; coxopodites distinct on the entire length of the edge of the segment. Fic. 651.—ETHELUM REFLEXUM (AFTER DOLLFUS). a, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). b, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). Cc, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND URO- PODA (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). Coxopodite of the second segment hidden under the bent side part of the segment. Pleon, telson: the lateral parts being nearly folded underneath, the hind edge of segments (3-5) seems straight from a dorsal view. Pleotelson flat, with curved sides and a blunt, rather rounded apex. Uropoda: basis with a large oblong processus; endo- podite reaching to two-thirds the length of the pleotelson; exopodite small, placed at the top of the basal processus. Color: dark brown, flagellum whitish. Dimensions: 5 by 2 mm. (much decreasing back- ward.”—Do..Fvs.¢ @ Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 398-399. 592 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Family XXV. ONISCIDZi.¢ Body oval or oblong, rather convex, very little or scarcely contract- ile, very rarely convex; with difficulty contractile into a ball. Second pair of antenne generally long, with the flagellum composed of only a few articles. Antennal foramina large. Pleural parts of the head distinctly separated by a vertical marginal line and an infra- marginal line. Cypeus arched. Eyes generally well developed, com- pound. Molar expansion of mandibles obsolete, without any triturat- ing surface, it being replaced by brush-like sete. First maxille with the outer lobe tipped with spines, the inner lobe furnished with two plumose processes. Second maxille bilobate at the tip. Maxillipeds with palp composed of three articles and but little longer than masti- catory lobe; masticatory lobe truncate at tip; epignath large. There are six thoracic segments in the young before they are hatched. The legs are generally long. The uropoda are produced, always extending beyond the terminal segment and the preceding segment. First and second pairs of pleopoda modified in the male, the inner branch of the second pair terminating in a slender stylet. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY ONISCID&. 9 a. Flagellum of second antennze composed of less than four articles. }. External opercular ramus of the abdominal appendages containing no special respiratory organ. Flagellum of external antennee triarticulate. c. Epimera of thoracic segments large, with all the posterior angles acute. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax. First two abdominal seg- ments very short, three following ones large, with large acute epimera. d. Front of head produced at the middle and at the sides in tubercles; lateral tuberclesthornslikes 22253 222 ece acon eee eee Genus Alloniscus Dana d’. Front and sides of head not produced in tubercles. With or without lat- eral lobes. e. Surface of body'smoothw:: 25... 222-22 2222 Genus Lyprobius Budde-Lund e’. Surface of body granulated or tuberculate. f. Terminal segment of body short, widely rounded posteriorly. Basal article of uropoda broadly expanded inside. Inner branches contig- uous along their inner lateral margins..Genus Synuropus Richardson f’. Terminal segment of body conically produced. Basal joint of uro- poda oblong: :...2. ssi 8s. ie eee ees Genus Oniscus Linnzeus c’. Epimera of thoracic segments small. Abdomen abruptly narrower than thorax; first two segments generally equal in length to those following; epimera very small, but manifest........-.-.---- Genus Philoscia Latreille b’, External opercular ramus of the first and second pairs of abdominal append- ages furnished with trachezee. Flagellum of external antennze biarticulate. c. Second maxilla not larger than first maxilla, and bilobed at the tip. “See Budde-Lund for characters of family, Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, p. 75, and G. O. Sars, Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 169-170. >The genus Acanthoniscus (White) Kinihan is not included in the key, 4a eo, 4 ———— —_— Cree ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 593 d. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax. Epimera of abdominal seg- ments large. e. Body very convex, capable of being rolled up into a perfect ball. Articles of flagellum of external antenne subequal. External branchesof the uro- poda equal in both sexes. External opercular ramus of all the abdomi- nal appendages furnished with tracheze. --- - Genus Cylisticus Schnitzler e’. Body more or less depressed, scarcely contractile. Articles of flagellum of external antennze with the first article generally longer than the second, often subequal, or even a little shorter. External opercular ramus of the first and second pairs of abdominal appendages fur- nished with trachez. Jf. Second antennz long; first article of the flagellum generally longer than the second. Outer branch of the uropoda flattened, and longer InpMAke; hian-in temale: 222 ses oe eee ec ons oe Genus Porcellio Latreille jf’. Second antennie short; flagellum with first article much shorter than second. Outer branch of the uropoda conical, and not longer in male than in female ............-.- Genus Leptotrichus Budde-Lund d’. Abdomen abruptly narrower than thorax. Epimera of abdominal seg- ments small. e. First article of flagellum of external antennz generally longer than second. Last abdominal segment reaches sufficiently beyond the epimera of the preceding segment. External opercular ramus of the first and second pairs of abdominal appendages, rarely of the third or of all the pairs, furnished with trachez.........-.--- Genus Metoponorthus Budde-Lund e’. Flagellum of external antenne with the first article shorter than the second. Last abdominal segment reaches much beyond the epimera of the preceding segment. External opercular ramus of the first and second pairs of abdominal appendages furnished with trachee. ; Genus Rhyscotus Budde-Lund ce’, Second maxilla more than twice as large as first maxilla and not bilobed atthestiperccect Sa eee ote ee oles Genus Hypergnathus, new genus a. Flagellum of second antennze composed of four articles. Genus Actoniscus Harger 1038. Genus ALLONISCUS Dana.¢ Body rather convex, very little or scarcely at all contractile. Front of head produced in the middle and at the sides into tubercles, the lateral tubercles being prominent and horn-like. Epistome swollen within between the antenne, and slightly carinated. Flagellum of second pair of antennee composed of three articles. Frontal marginal line wanting, vertical marginal line passing through the pleurs of the head behind the eyes. Epimeral parts of the thoracic segments small, not much expanded. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than the thorax, with the pleural lamelle of the third, fourth, and fifth segments large. Legs very spinulose. @See Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 224. 28589—05——38 594 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ANALYTICAL KEY TO-.THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ALLONISCUS. a. Surface of body very densely granulated. Epimera with the anterior angles ser- TALC 240 eas ee ee Sere ta eee ere Alloniscus mirabilis (Stuxberg ) a’. Surface of body punctate. Epimera with the anterior angles not serrate. b. Lateral processes of the head large, prominent. Alloniscus cornutus Budde-Lund b’. Lateral processes of the head small, scarcely prominent. Alloniscus perconvecus Dana ALLONISCUS MIRABILIS (Stuxberg). Rhinoryctes mirabilis StuXBERG, Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forhandl., 1875, No. 2, p. 51. Alloniscus mirabilis BuppE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 229. Rhinoryctes mirabilis UNDERWoop, Bull. Ll. State Lab. Nat. Hist., II, 1886, p. 363. Alloniscus mirabilis RicHarpDson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 864; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 332; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305. Locality.—California. Body oval, twice as long as wide, convex, very densely granulated; epimera serrate on the margins. Second pair of antenne much shorter than the width of the body (85:100); the fifth article of the peduncle very long, not very much curved, equal in length to the three articulate flagellum; the articles of the flagellum equal to each other in length or the middle one sometimes smallest. Eyes prominent, subcircular, with numerous ocelli. The frontal median lobe large, produced, obtuse, extended upward, equal to a fourth part of the width of the head; lateral lobes pro- duced, conical, anteriorly rounded, equal to the eyes in length. All the segments of the thorax with the posterior margin sinuated in the middle. Epimera moderately large, with the anterior angles gradually more rounded posteriorly, serrate, the posterior angles roundly acuminate not very much directed backward. Abdomen subcircular, a little wider than long, all the segments equal in length, the epimera of the first and second segments vanishing, those of the third, fourth, and fifth segments large, directed backward, rounded on the exterior margin, serrate, almost straight on the inner margin. The last segment is triangular, twice as wide as long, with the posterior margins straight, roundly acuminate, rather convex above and sometimes furnished with a longitudinal furrow not at all deep. The uropoda have the basal article almost as wide as long, depressed, with the post-lateral margin very little elevated, circularly rounded, serrate, the outer branch a little flattened, subconical, with the exterior margin straight, the inner margin convex, extending not much beyond the inner branch in length, which extends very little beyond the last segment of the abdomen. at ale ore eee 2 i j 4 ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 595 olor of the dorsal surface reddish or dark gray, the frontal lobes Color of the dorsal surf Idisl lark gray, the frontal lobes, especially the middle one, and a longitudinal band on the thorax darker and covered with very numerous paler oblong spots.@ ALLONISCUS CORNUTUS Budde-Lund. Alloniscus cornutus Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 228-229.— RicHARDSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 864; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 332; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305. —ae ae. i ‘ Locality. —California. e Body short, oval, subconvex, obscurely but densely roughened and E thickly punctate and setigerous. Second pair of antenne shorter than a half the length of the body (7:17); flagellum shorter than the fifth 4 article of the peduncle; the second article of the flagellum shortest, ; the first equal in length to the third. Antero-lateral processes large, narrow, prominent, subconical; front in the middle very much swollen. The first three segments of the thorax have the posterior margin on both sides slightly sinuated; all the following segments have the poste- rior margin in the middle rather sinuated posteriorly. «The above description is adapted from the following one of Stuxberg’s: Rhinoryctes ovalis, longitudine duplo majore quam latitudine, convexus, densis- sime granulatus, epimeris margine serratis. Antennze exteriores corporis latitudine multo breviores (=85:100); pedunculi articulus quintus longissimus, parum curvatus, longitudine flagellum 3: articulatum zequans; flagelli articuli inter se eadem longitudine vel medius interdum minimus. Oculi, ocellis congregatis, prominentes, subcirculares. Lobus frontalis medius magnus, productus, obtusus, sursum porrectus, quartam partem latitudinis capitis equans; lobi laterales producti, conici, antice rotundati, longitudine oculos sequantes. Trunci segmenta omnia margine postico medio sinuata. Epimera mediocria, angulis anticis post sensim magis rotundatis, serratis, angulis posticis parum retro- versis, rotundate-acuminatis. Cauda subcircularis, latitudine paullo majore quam longitudine, omnium seg- mentorum longitudine eequali, epimeris segmentorum primi et secundi evanescenti- bus, tertii, quarti, quinti maximis, retroversis, margine exteriore rotundatis, serratis, interiore fere rectis. Segmentum ultimum trigonum, duplo latius quam longius, marginibus posticis rectis, rotundate-acuminatum, supra convexiusculum et inter- dum fovea longitudinali haud profunda instructum. Pedum ultimi paris articulus basalis fere eeque latus ac longus, depressus, margine postico-laterali parum elevato, circulariter rotundato, serrato, appendix exterior paullum complanata, subconica, margine exteriore recto, interiore convexo, longi- tudine appendicem interiorem haud multo superans, quee ultimum caudze segmentum parum excedit. Color dorsi rufo-vel fusco-griseus, lobis frontalibus, preesertim medio, vittaque trunci longitudinali nigrioribus, maculis oblongis numerosissimis pallidioribus inspersis. Longitudo, 10 mm.; latitudo, 4.5-5 mm.; altitudo, 2.3-2.5 mm.—SruxBerG, Wfvers. Vet. Akad. Forhandl., 1875, No. 2, p. 51. 596 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first two segments of the abdomen scarcely shorter than the other segments; the epimera of the third, fourth, and fifth segments strong, subtetragonal. The terminal abdominal segment is triangular, short, hardly twice as wide as long, rather convex above. The basal article of the uropoda is very wide, depressed; the outer branch is carinated, with the apex rounded; the inner branch is inserted at the inner angle of the basal article. Color grayish, pale on the sides. Length, 8.5 mm.; width, 5 mm.; height, 2 mm.4¢ ALLONISCUS PERCONVEXUS Dana. Alloniscus perconvexus Dana, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., VII, 1854, p. 176.— Stimpson, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., VI, 1857, p. 506.—Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 225.—UNpERwoop, Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., II, 1886, p. 360.—RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXI, 1899, p. 864; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 332; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305. Localities. —California; Pacific Grove; Santa Bar- bara; Monterey Bay; Tillamook Head, Oregon. Dug at mean-tide mark from sandy shore. Body ovate, very convex, not quite twice as long as broad, 9 mm.: 16 mm. Head twice as wide as long, 2 mm.: 4 mm., with the antero-lateral angles produced on either side into an acute process, ‘* horn-like,” situated just in front of the eye, and the front produced in the middle in a large, widely rounded median lobe, extending as far as the lateral process. The eyes are small, oblong, composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head close to the lateral margins. The first pair of antenne are rudimentary and inconspicuous. They are composed of three small articles. The second pair of antenne have FIG. 652. — ALLONISCUS PERCONVEXUS. «The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: Breviter ovalis, subconvexus, obscure sed dense squamatus et punctis setigeris crebratus. Antenne exteriores corpore dimidio breyviores (7:17); flagellum scapi articulo quinto brevius; flagelli articulus secundus brevissimus, primus tertio eequalis. Processus frontales laterales majores, angustiores, prominentes, subconici; frons media valde tumosa. Trunci annuli tres priores margine posteriore utrinque leviter sinuato; annuli sequentes omnes margine posteriore medio post magis sinuato. Caude annuli duo priores ceteris annulis vix breviores; epimera annuli 3-4-5 valida, subtetragona. Annulus analis, triangulus, brevis, egre duplo latior quam jlongior, supra convexiusculus. Articulus basalis pedum analium perlatus, depressus; extus carinatus, apice rotun- dato; ramus interior angulo interiori articuli basalis insertus. Color griseus, in lateribus dilutior. Longitudo, 8.5 mm.; latitudo, 5 mm.; altitudo. 2 mm.—Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Lsop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 228-229. ew en ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERIGA. 597 the basal article short; the second is about twice as long as the first; the third and fourth are subequal and each is a little longer than the second; the fifth is one anda half times as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of three subequal articles. The antenne are covered with small spines. The maxillipeds have a palp of three arti- cles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. fh e b e ; q a | \ ; J : - r d e J g FIG. 653.—ALLONISCUS PERCONVEXUS. @, MAXILLIPED. 203. b, SECOND ANTENNA. X11}. c¢, FIRST MAXILLA (INNER LOBE). X39. d, SECOND MAXILLA. X20}. e, FIRST MAXILLA (OUTER LOBE). 203. jf, MANDIBLE. X20}. g, FIRST ANTENNA. X39. The first segment of the thorax is2 mm. in length and is a little longer than any of the others, which are subequal and each is about 1} mm. long. The lateral margins of all the segments are straight and contiguous. On the first four seg- ments the epimera are indicated by a distinct lon- eitudinal suture, which on the first segment is con- fined to the posterior half of the segment, but in the three following segments extends the entire Fie. 654.—Atoniscusrer- length of the segment. There are no suture lines eee ee on the last three segments. WITH UROPODA. X11}. The abdomen is as wide as the thorax. The first two segments have the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is triangular in shape and is twice as wide as long, being 3 mm. wide at the base and 14 mm. long. The uropoda extend 1 mm. beyond the extremity of the abdomen. The peduncle does not extend beyond the abdomen. ‘The inner branch extends only to the middle of the outer branch and is more slender. ; All the legs are ambulatory and covered with stiff hairs. 598 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 104. Genus LYPROBIUS Budde-Lund.¢@ Body not convex, scarcely contractile. Head produced into lobes at the side; front not produced in the middle, marginate. Epimera of the third, fourth, and fifth segments of the abdomen large. Peduncle of the uropoda short and wide, with the outer side suleate. Epimera of the thoracic segments moderately large; those of the first three segments with the posterior angles roundly obtuse, those of the fourth segment with the posterior angles straight, and those of the three posterior segments with the posterior angles acute. Body setigerous, scarcely granulated. Flagellum of second antenne composed of three articles. LYPROBIUS PUSILLUS Budde-Lund. Lyprobius pusillus Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 230.—RicHaRD- son, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 864; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 333; American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305. Locality.—California. Body oval, rather convex, smooth, punctate, very minutely setiger- ous, especially so posteriorly. Second pair of antenne a little shorter than half the length of the body; first article of the flagellum equal in length to the third, almost half as long as the second. Antero-lateral lobes small, rounded. Front, with the median mar- ginal line entire, a little arched and produced. The terminal segment of the abdomen is triangulate in the middle, produced, and extends a little beyond the epimera of the fifth abdom- inal seoment; terminal segment a little excavate above. Color uniformly brown, transparent on the margins, white. Length 5mm. Width 2.5mm. Height 1.2 mm.? 105. Genus SYNUROPUS Richardson. Body oval, not contractile into a ball, with the segments laterally expanded, as in Oniscus. Head with lateral and frontal lobes. Second pair of antennez long, with flagellum composed of three articles. « For characters of genus see Budde-Lund, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 229-230. >The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: Ovalis, convexiusculus, subleevis, punctatus, minutissime preesertim post setiger. Antenne exteriores corpore dimidio paulo breviores; flagelli articulus primus tertio vequalis, secundo fere duplo brevior. Lobi frontales laterales parvi, rotundati. Frons media linea marginali integra paulum curvate producta. Caudee annulus analis medio triangulo, producto, epimera annuli praeanalis paulum superante, supra paulum excavatus. Color uniformis brunneus, in marginibus perlucens, albidus. Longitudo 5 mm., latitudo 2, 5 mm., altitudo 1, 2 mm.—BuppsE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 230. . or co co ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERIOA. Abdomen not narrower than thorax; pleural lamellae large. Terminal segment of body much broader than long, widely rounded posteriorly, not conically produced as in Ondscus. Basal joint of the uropoda large, broadly expanded inside, not oblong as in On/scus; inner branches close together, their internal lateral margins contigu- ous. Inner branch inserted but little or scarcely at all in advance of the outer branch, situated close to the inner post-lateral angle of the peduncle. Outer branch somewhat longer than inner branch. SYNUROPUS GRANULATUS Richardson. Synuropus granulatus Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, pp. 563-564. Locality. —E\ Yunque, Porto Rico, at an altitude of 2,800 feet. Body oval, not able to be contracted into a ball, with the lateral parts of the segments expanded. Entire surface of body covered with small tubercles. Head deeply set in the first thoracic segment, the rounded anterior angulations of which reach the antero-lateral angles of the head. The an- terior margin of the head is produced in an ob- tusely pointed median lobe. The lateral lobes are very acute. The antenne are geniculate at the articulation of the fourth and fifth pedun- cular joints; the flagellum consists of three joints. The first thoracic segment is longest; the others are subequal. The ab- domen is not narrower than the thorax. The first two segments have their lateral ie ee era margins concealed. Thethree — tarvs. a, Dorsat view. 6, following have their lateral = CROP°PA. margins broadly expanded. The terminal segment is twice as broad as long, with the posterior margin broadly rounded. The basal joints of the uropoda Fig. 656.—Syxurorus are large, being partly covered by the terminal seg- onaNurages: MAX ment of the body. The outer branch is styliform and extends its entire length beyond the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branches are situated close together in such a way that the inner lateral margins are contiguous through- out their length. The legs are ambulatory, similar, and subequal. Color brown, mottled with black. b 600 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. One specimen was collected by Dr. L. Stejneger at Kl Yunque, Porto Rico, at an altitude of 2,800 feet. Type.—Cat. No. 23912, U.S.N.M. 106. Genus ONISCUS Linneeus.@ Body broad, depressed, very little or scarcely contractile. Surface of body granulated or tuberculate. Head with well-defined lateral lobes; front marginate, not produced in the middle. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax; third, fourth, and fifth segments with epimera large, acute, and produced backward. Terminal segment ereatly produced. Eyes large, lateral. Second pair of antenne long; flagellum composed of three articles. Opercular plates of the pleopoda without trachee. Uropoda produced, with the inner branch inserted far in front of the outer, near the inner antero-lateral angle of the peduncle. Lateral parts of the thoracic segments expanded; posterior angles of all the epimera acute. ONISCUS ASELLUS Linnzus. Oniscus asellus LINNxus, Fauna Suecica, 2d ed., 1761, p. 500. Oniscus murarius Cuvier, Jour. Hist. Nat., II, 1792, p. 23, pl. xxvi, figs. 11-13. Oniscus affinis Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., I, 1818, pp. 480-431. Oniscus vicarius StuxBERG, Ofvers. Svenska Vet. Akad., Forh., 1872, Pt. 9, p. 3; 1875, Pt. 2, p. 50. Oniscus asellus BupprE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 202-204. Oniscus affinis UNpeRwoop, Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat Hist., I, 1886, p. 361. Oniscus vicarius UNDERWOOD, Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., II, 1886, p. 361. Oniscus asellus Sars, Crust. Norway, I], 1899, pp. 171-172.—RicHarpson, Ameri- can Naturalist, X XXIV, 1900, p. 305; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901. pp. 562-563. Oniseus affinis RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 305; Proe. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 563. Oniscus asellus STOLLER, 54th report New York State Museum, 1902, p. 213.— Pautmier, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, pp. 180-181. Localities. Greenland; North America, at Woods Hole, Massachu- setts; Salem, and Beverly, Massachusetts; New York City; Schenec- tady, New York; Rock Island, Illinois; Providence, Rhode Island; Syracuse, New York; Freeport, Maine; Pennsylvania; also Sweden; Denmark; Germany; Newfoundland; Canada, near Niagara; Holland; Great Britain; France; Spain; Italy; Azores; Iceland; coast of Nor- way; ‘‘Ashensee Tyrol” 950 meters alt. (Dr. Stejneger). Found under dead logs, dead leaves, and stones; common in hot- houses. Specimens identified by Dr. Joseph Leidy as Oniscus ajfinis Say and sent to me by Doctor Calvert of the University of Pennsylvania, a8ee Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, p. 202, and Sars, Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 170-171. ' ’ g — ee aa ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 601 do not differ from specimens of On7scus asellus in the U.S. National Museum collection. Body oblong-ovate, about one and a half times longer than wide, 10 mm. : 16 mm. Head wider than long, 2 mm. : 3 mm., with the frontal margin slightly convex and pronounced antero-lateral lobes, narrow and elon- gated, almost 1 mm. in length and rounded anteriorly. The eyes are Fig. 657.—ONISCUS ASELLUS (AFTER SARS). @, MANDIBLE. 06, POSTERIOR LIP. c, ANTERIOR LIP. d, SECOND ANTENNA. @, FIRST ANTENNA. f, SECOND MAXILLA. g, FIRST MAXILLA. hh, MANDIBLES. i, DORSAL VIEW OF BODY. j, MAXILLIPEDS. k, HEAD (LATERAL VIEW). J/, FIRST PLEOPODS OF MALE. m, HEAD (VENTRAL VIEW). 7, FIRST PLEOPODS OF FEMALE. 0, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. p, URopoD. g, ABDOMEN (VENTRAL VIEW). 1, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN. 8, SEVENTH LEG. t, FIRST LEG. wu, THIRD PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. small, composite, and situated at the sides of the head, at the base of the antero-lateral lobes. The first pair of antenne are small and incon- spicuous and are composed of two articles. The second antenne have the basal article short; the second article is twice as long as the first; the third is equal in length to the second; the fourth is nearly twice as long as the third; the fifth is one and a half times as long as the fourth. 602 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The flagellum is composed of three articles. When retracted the second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The segments of the thorax are subequal in length. ‘The first seg- ment has the antero-lateral angles produced to surround the head, and they extend almost to the extremity of the antero-lateral lobes of the head. The lateral parts of all the segments are expanded, but there is no indication of epimera on any of the segments. The lateral margins are straight. The segments of the abdomen are all distinct, the first two being somewhat shorter. The lateral parts of the first two are entirely concealed by the seventh thoracic segment. The lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments are expanded and produced so as to continue the oval outline of the body; those of the fifth segment extend posteriorly as far as the extremity of the sixth or terminal segment. The terminal segment is triangular, with the apex produced in a long process, 2 mm. in length and pointed posteriorly. The basal article or peduncle of the uropoda extends to the middle of the pro- duced portion of the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branch extends to the extremity of the process of the terminal segment and is concealed by it except at the lower portion. The outer branch is 2 mm. long and extends the length of 1 mm. beyond the terminal abdominal segment. The legs are all ambulatory in character. In color, the dorsal portion of the body is a dark brown. There is a longitudinal row of light yellow spots on either side of the thorax, about the place of union of the epimera with the segments. The lateral margins of the body are also ight yellow. The dorsal portion of the body is slightly granular. 107. Genus PHILOSCIA Latreille. 4 Body oval, slightly convex, very little or scarcely at all contractile. Head rounded in front, without lateral lobes. Second pair of antenne long; flagellum composed of three articles. Frontal mar- ginal line very often wanting in the middle, bent downward on either side, surrounding the epistome and extending to the vertical marginal line back of the eyes. Abdomen abruptly narrower than thorax; lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments very small, appressed; terminal segment not much produced. Opercular plates of the pleopoda without tracheee. Uropoda with the inner branch not attached far in front of the outer branch. Lateral parts of the thorax but slightly expanded. @¥For characters of genus see B¢ -de-Lund, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 207, and Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, po. 172-173. ee le i a Bt DB ate 2s eee oY a ee oan. Re. ae w ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 603 ANALYTICAL KEY@ TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS PHILOSCIA. a. Surface of body smooth, without spines. b. Terminal segment of body broadly rounded posteriorly. Philoscia richmondi Richardson b’. Terminal segment of body posteriorly triangular, with apex more or less pro- duced. c. Second antennz short, shorter than half the length of the body. d. Front of head indistinctly trilobate .._-...--..---- Philoscia culebre Moore d’. Front of head straight or very slightly arched. e. Body striped with two broad dorsal bands. ..-.--.---- Philoscia vittata Say e’. Body violet, covered with white spots, the margins of the segments being Vesa =e een = Roya ey Seay orgs Philoscia brevicornis Budde-Lund ce’. Second antenn very long, much longer than half the length of the body. Philoscia bermudensis Dahl a’. Surface of body covered with numerous spines. ------.-----. Philoscia spinosa Say . PHILOSCIA RICHMONDI Richardson. Philoscia richmondi RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, pp. 564-565. Locality.—E\ Yunque, Porto Rico, at an altitude of 2,800 feet. Body oval; surface smooth. Head not set in the first thoracic seg- ment, evenly rounded, with no lateral or frontal lobes. Eyes large, well developed, lateral. An- tenn equal to half the a ; length of the body; fla- gellum composed of three joints. Segments of thorax subequal. Abdomen abrubtly narrower than thorax, with the lateral processes of the segments not pro- jecting. Terminal seg - ment equal in length to the preceding segment, much broader than long, and with the posterior margin broadly rounded. ‘The basal joint of the uropoda projects beyond the terminal segment of the body. The inner branch extends to the middle of the outer branch. Legs gradually increasing in length. Color, mottled brown and yellow. A number of specimens were collected by Dr. C. W. Richmona and Dr. L. Stejneger at El Yunque, Porto Rico, at an altitude of 2,800 feet. Named for Dr. C. W. Richmond, of the U. 8. National Museum. Type.—Cat. No. 23918, U.S.N.M. «The description of Philoscia nigricans Budde-Lund does not give sufficient char- acters to place it in the key. FIG. 658.—PHILOSCIA RICHMONDI. Fie. 659.—PHILOSCIA RICHMONDI. a, MAXILLIPED. b, MANDIBLE. 604 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PHILOSCIA CULEBR Moore. Philoscia culebre Moors, Bull. U. 8. Fish Commission, XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p. 176, pl. x1, figs. 13-17. Locality.—Culebra, Porto Rico, from drift on shore. ‘* Body elongate-oval, about Fig. 660.— PHILOSCIA CULEBRE (AFTER MOORE). a, DORSAL VIEW. b, SECOND ANTENNA. ¢C, MANDIBLE. d, FIRST LEG. é€, FOURTH LEG. 2.5 times as long as broad; head about twice as broad as long, front somewhat recurved between sides and middle, producing the appearance of a small lobe in front of each eye, sides and posterior margin rounded; first seg- ment of thorax longest, its anterior and posterior margins strongly curved, anterior angle rounded and projecting somewhat beyond sides of head; next six segments subequal in length, sec- ond, third, and fourth widest, the last three successively narrower; posterior angles of last four segments produced, successively increasing in length, that of last reaching almost to posterior border of third abdominal segment; abdomen almost as long as last three segments of thorax, gradually decreas- ing in width posteriorly; segments sub- equal in length, the sides of the first more or less concealed by the lateral angle of the last thoracic segment; telson short, hardly longer than other segments, produced to a blunt point in median line posteriorly. ‘‘Kyes moderate (for the genus); first antennz minute, second antennz when laid against sides of body extend- ing to about end of second thoracic segment, spinulose; peduncle, five- jointed; first joint, short; second and third, equal; fourth, longer; fifth, long- est, equal to third and fourth com- bined; flagellum three-jointed, about equal to last joint of peduncle. Man- dible with narrow four or five dentate tip, at the base of which are two plumulose sete, and lower down a brush of fine sete; no palp. First maxillee with inner plate furnished with several small spines; outer plate with many. — i Ea ~~ a ee ee tr ee 4 eee ee re ee eee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 605 ‘* The legs increase slightly in length from before backward and are furnished with long acute spines. The uropods are broken off. ‘*From Culebra. Two specimens, under drift on shore, 4.2 by 1.6 mim.” —Moore.“ PHILOSCIA VITTATA Say. Philoscia vittata Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, p. 429.—Dr Kay, Zool. New York, Crust., 1844, p. 50.—Wuirs, List Crust. Brit. Museum, 1847, p. 99.—Harcer with Verriti, Report U. 8S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1873, Pt. 1, p. 569 (275); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 157; Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 306-307, pl. 1, fig. 1.—Unprerwoop, Bull. Il. State Lab. Nat. Hist., II, 1886, p. 361.—RicHarpson, American Natu- ralist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305; Proc. U.0S> Nat. “Mus., XXIII, “1901; -p: 565.—Pauutmier, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, p. 181. Localities.—Great Ege Harbor, New Jersey, to Barnstable, Massa- chusetts; Salem, Massachusetts; Free- port, Long Island. Found under stones, wood, etc., in moist places; under rubbish along the shore; under- side of boards above high water. Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 3 mm.: 6} mm. Head wider than long, 1 mm.: 13 mm., with the anterior margin rounded and not produced into a lobe. The antero-lateral angles of the head are rounded and not produced into lobes. The eyes are small, FIG. 661.—PHILOSCIA VITTATA (AFTER HARGER). xX 6. a b Cc d e ‘ fs Fic. 662.—PHILOSCIA VITTATA. @, MAXILLIPED. 6b, SECOND MAXILLA. Cc, FIRST MAXILLA (OUTER LOBE). d, FIRST MAXILLA (INNER LOBE). €, MANDIBLE. jf, TERMINAL SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN, WITH UROPODA. round, and composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antennz are small, rudimentary, and incon- @Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XX, Pt. 2, 1902, p. 176. 606 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. spicuous. ‘The first article of the second antenne is short; the second and third are subequal and each is more than twice as long as the first; the fourth is nearly twice as long as either of the two preceding; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of three nearly subequal articles, the third being a little longer than the second. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The maxilliped has : a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The segments of the thorax are subequal, the first segment being, perhaps, a little longer than any of the others. There are no epimera separated off on any of the segments. The abdomen is abruptly narrower than the thorax. The first two segments are covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The lateral parts of the segments are not developed. The sixth, or terminal segment, is triangular in shape, with the apex not =D produced but rounded. The peduncle of the uropoda eet ws eo a extends to the extremity of the abdomen. The inner virrata. a,seconp branch extends half a millimeter beyond the terminal a es »» abdominal segment. The outer branch is not half a millimeter longer than the inner branch. All the legs are ambulatory. Color brown, with lateral margins light and a narrow longitudinal light area or band in the middle of the dorsal surface, separating the two wide dark bands. b PHILOSCIA BREVICORNIS Budde-Lund. Philoscia brevicornis BuppE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 218-219.— RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 565. Locality.— Biloxi, Mississippi. Body oblong-oyal, subconvex, smooth, slightly covered with a few dots. Second pair of antenne shorter than half the length of the body; articles of the flagellum short, subequal. Frontal margin produced a little in the form of an arch in the mid- dle, almost entirely inconspicuous; epistome subconvex in the middle. Abdomen scarcely abruptly narrower than the thorax. The termi- nal segment short, almost triangular, with sides slightly incurved, and apex obtusely rounded; sulcate above. The color varies in the two specimens, being a very light or a very ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 607 dark violet, covered with white spots, with the margins white. Legs all yellow, or covered with black dots. Length 11 mm.; width 5 mm.; height 2.5 mm.¢ PHILOSCIA BERMUDENSIS Dahl. Philoscia bermudensis Dani, Plankton Expedition, I, 1892, Pt. 1, p. 111, pl. mu, figs. 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 13. Locality.— Bermudas. This species is not described, but well figured and compared with Fic. 664.—PHILOSCIA BERMUDENSIS (AFTER DAHL). ad, GENERAL FIGURE. ™ 5. 0), SECOND AN- TENNA. xX 16. Cc, MAXILLIPED. x 40. d, MANDIBLE. xX 40. c, FIRST MAXILLA. X 40. jf, FIRST LEG. x16. g, UROPOD. x 16. “ The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: — + Oblonge ovalis, subconvexa, nitida, tenuiter et sparse punctata. Antenne exteriores corporis dimidio breviores; flagelli articuli breves, subeequales. Linea marginalis frontalis medio paulum arcuate producta, fere omnino obliter- ata; epistoma medio subconvexum. Cauda trunco vix abrupte angustior. Annulus analis brevis, fere triangulus, lateribus leviter incurvis, apice rotundato obtuso, supra sulcatus. Color variat in duobus speciminibus dilutior vel obscurior violaceus, maculis albidis conspersis, in marginibus late albidus. Pedes toti flavi, vel punctis nigres- centibus conspersis. Longitudo, 11 mm.; latitudo, 5 mm.; altitudo, 2.6 mm.—Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 218-219. 608 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Philoscia couchi Kinahan, from which it is said to differ (1) in having the second antenne longer and more slender; (2) in having the uro- poda longer and more slender, and (3) in having for eyes small spots of pigment with slight rudiments of ocelli, while in ?. couchi the eyes seem to have entirely disappeared. Dahl likewise points out that these differences also exist between Ligta baudiniana (hirtitarsis) and Ligia oceanica. Ue considers that in both cases the PAzloscia form has arisen independently from the Zzgza form. PHILOSCIA SPINOSA Say. Philoscia spinosa Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 429-430.— Unperwoop, Bull. Il. State Lab. Nat. Hist., I, 1886, p. 361.—RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 305; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 565. Locality.—Savannah, Georgia. ** Brown, oblong-oval, with numerous spines above; feet armed with short sete: beneath. ** Inhabits Georgia. ‘* Cabinet of the academy. ‘** Body brown, elongate-oval, armed with numerous spine-like tuber- cles; sixth and seventh segments produced on each side behind, acute, the latter attaining the base of the fifth succeeding joint; abdominal and caudal segments somewhat glabrous, terminal segment surpassing the first joint of the lateral styles; antenne rough and subspinose before, terminal joint glabrous, pale; feet beneath armed with short distant setee. . ** Length nearly one-fifth of an inch. **Under stones, old wood, etc., in moist situations near Savannah, Georgia.” —Say.¢ PHILOSCIA NIGRICANS Budde-Lund. Philoscia nigricans Bupps-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 210-211.— RicHarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 305; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIIT, 1901, p. 565. Locality.—Biloxi, Mississippi. Body oblong-oval, rather convex, smooth, slightly covered with a few dots. Second pair of antennze lost in the specimen. Frontal margin straight; epistome with a median transverse line. Abdomen abruptly narrower than the thorax; epimera distant. The last segment of the abdomen short, subtriangular, with the sides straight or slightly incurved; apex obtuse, suleate above. «Jour. Acad, Nat, Sci. Phila., 1, 1818, pp. 429-430. Pee SET eRe hee as Tee TP =<—9= Apes, ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 609 Color dark brown, covered with numerous white spots or little stripes. Legs yellow, with the cox spotted with black. Length, 9 mm.; width, 4 mm.; height, 1.6 mm.¢ 108. Genus CYLISTICUS Sehnitzler.? Body oblong, very convex, contractile into a ball. Head with lateral lobes distinct; median lobe small; front of head marginate. Eyes distinct, lateral. Second pair of antenn long; fla- gellum composed of two subequal articles. Lateral parts of the thoracic segments large. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax; lateral parts of third, fourth, and fifth segments well developed; terminal segment conically produced. Opercular plates of all the pleopods furnished with trachez. Inner branch of the uropoda inserted far in front of the outer branch, near the inner antero-lateral angle of the peduncle. CYLISTICUS CONVEXUS (De Geer), Oniscus convecus Dk GEER, Mém. des Insectes, VII, 1778, p. 553, pl. xxxv, fig. 11. Porcellio spinifrons BRANDT, Bull. de la Soc. Imp. d. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 15. Porcellio levis Kocu, Deutschlands Crustaceen, 1835-1844, DG: Porcellio armadilloides LEREBOULLET, Mém. de la Soc. du Muséum d’ Histoire Nat. de Strasbourg, IV, 1853, p. 65, pl. 1, fig. 18; pl. mr, figs. 88-94. Cylisticus levis SCHNITZLER, De Oniscineis agri Bonnensis, 1853, p. 25. Porcellio armadilloides KiNAHAN, Nat. Hist. Rev., IV, 1857, p. 279. Porcellio convexus JouNson, Academisk Afhandling, Upsala, 1858, p. 32. Porcellio armadilloides Bate and Wesrwoop, Brit. Sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, p. 485. Porcellio convexus Buppe-Lunp, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), VII, 1870-71, p. 240.—Srux- BERG, Ofvers. af Kgl. Vetenskaps Akad. Forh., 1875, p. 60.- Cylisticus convecus Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 77-79. (See Budde-Lund for further synonymy.)—G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 186, pls. x1, xu1.—RicHarpson, Amer. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 303; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, pp. 565-566.—Srotter, 54th Report New York State Museum, 1902, p. 213.—Pautmirr, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, pp. 181-182. «The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: Oblonge ovalis, convexiuscula, nitida, tenuiter et sparse punctata. Antenne exteriores . Linea marginalis frontalis recta; epistoma medio linea transversa. Cauda trunco abrupte angustior; epimera subdistantia. Annulus analis brevis, subtriangulus, lateribus subrectis vel leviter incurvis, apice obtuso, supra sulcatus. Color ex nigro brunneus, maculis vel striolis numerosis albidis conspersus. Pedes flavi, coxis nigromaculatis. Longitudo, 9 mm.; latitudo, 4 mm.; altitudo, 1.6 mm.—Buppge-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 210-211. >For characters of genus see Budde-Lund, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 77, and Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 185. 28589—05——39 610 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Localities. —W estwood, Hamilton County, Ohio; **Old Mill,” Devils Backbone, Hamilton County, Ohio; Miami Grove, Ohio; Piseco, New York; Rock Island, Hlinois; Springfield, Ohio; Columbus, Ohio; Clif- ton, Cincinnati, Ohio; Washington, District of Columbia; New York City; Norwich, New York; Warwick, Massachusetts; Kelley’s Island, Lake Erie; Syracuse, New York; Las Vegas Hot Springs, New Mexico; FIG. 665.—CYLISTICUS CONVEXUS (AFTER SARS). a, ANTERIOR LIP. b, MANDIBLE. c, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. d, FIRST ANTENNA. €, SECOND ANTENNA. jf, POSTERIOR LIP. g, HEAD (DORSAL VIEW). h, MANDIBLES. 7, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA. j, UROPOD. k, MAXILLIPEDS. 1, LATERAL VIEW OF MALE. ™, FIRST MAXILLA. n, SECOND MAXILLA. 0, FLAGELLUM OF SECOND ANTENNA. p, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. q, SEVENTH LEG. 1, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. 8, ABDO- MEN (VENTRAL VIEW). ft, FIRST PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. w&, FIRST LEG. Saginaw, Michigan; also Sweden; Denmark; British Isles; Germany; Bohemia; Holland; Belgium; France; Turkey; and coast of Norway. Found under bricks and boards; in woods, under logs; along roads, under stones; in wood sheds. Body oblong-ovate, contractile into a ball, a little more than twice as long as wide, 54 mm. : 125 mm. Head about twice as wide as long, 15 mm. : 3 mm., with the anterior ie Et elk elt eee Ta es ee Se _—> — ap 60.) ib Fre eer tow Ser eee 2 alt ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 611 margin produced in three lobes, the median lobe being small and tri- angular with apex acute, the lateral lobes being large and widely rounded. The eyes are small and composite and situated at the base of the antero-lateral lobes. The first pair of antennz are small and inconspicuous. The second pair have the first article short; the sec- ond is twice as long as the first; the third is equal in length to the sec- ond; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is one anda half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two subequal articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic segment. The segments of the thorax are about equal in length. The epimera are not distinct from the segments. The lateral margins are straight. The antero-lateral angles of the first segment are produced forward to surround the head, and they extend to the base of the antero-lateral lobes of the head; the post-lateral angles of the first segment are pro- duced backward in acute processes. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct. The first two have the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The third, fourth, and fifth segments have the lateral parts produced to continue the oval outline of the body. The sixth or terminal segment is tri- angular with the apex produced in a long acutely terminating process. This segment is 2 mm. wide at the base and 2 mm. long to the end of the apical process. The basal article or peduncle of the uropoda extends just a little beyond the middle of the apical process of the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branch is 1 mm. long, and extends to the tip of the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch is 1 mm. in length and extends a little more than half its length beyond the extremity of the abdomen. All the legs are ambulatory in character. In color it is a light brown with a longitudinal row of yellow spots on either side at the place of union of the epimera with the segments. Between the median line and the longitudinal rows are markings of yellow wavy lines. 109. Genus PORCELLIO Latreille.4 Body oval, more or less depressed, very little contractile. Lateral parts of the thorax expanded. Head with the antero-lateral lobes well developed; median frontal lobe more or less prominent. Front of head marginate. Eyes gen- erally well developed, dorsally placed. Second pair of antennz long; flagellum composed of two articles, the first usually longer than the second, often equally long or even a little shorter. «See Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 82-83, and Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 176. 612 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax; lateral parts of third, fourth, and fifth segments well developed; terminal segment conically produced. Opercular plates of the first two pairs of pleopoda and sometimes of all five pairs furnished with trachez. Inner branch of the uropoda inserted far in front of the outer branch near the inner antero-lateral angle of the peduncle. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS PORCELLIO. a. Surface of body smooth or minutely granular. b. Second pair of antennze long, equal to half the length of the body. Flagellum with the first article not shorter than the second. c. Articles of flagellum subequal. Middle frontal lobe of head rounded; lateral lobes roundly truncate. Color, dark grayish red with numerous pale, irreg- ular oblong spots intermixed, arranged in two wide series separated by a small intervals 2-2. ae) aoe eee ees Porcellio formosus Stuxberg. c’. First article of flagellum of second antennz longer than the second. Middle frontal lobe of head acutely produced; lateral lobes rounded. Color, dark gray, with two longitudinal bands of a lighter color in wavy stripes, one on either side of the median line ..............------ Porcellio levis Latreille. 6’. Second pair of antenne short, equal to one-third the length of the body; flagel- lum with the first article one-third shorter than the second. Porcellio parvicornis Richardson. Surface of body roughly granulate or tuberculate. b. Inner face of the mandibles with four to five penicils. Body with spots. c. Third joint of peduncle of second pair of antenne furnished with a small apical tooth. Frontal lateral lobes of moderate size. Color varying from gray to black, with three longitudinal lines of white spots. Flagellum with joints subequal, or first shorter than second....-....----- Porcellio rathket Brandt ce’. Second joint of peduncle of second pair of antennze furnished with a large apical tooth. Frontal lateral lobes large. Color, yellow; body spotted with black; spots arranged in longitudinal lines. Flagellum with first joint a little longer than second joimt=< 22232 2252 gseeo eee Porcellio spinicornis Say b’. Inner face of right mandible with four to five penicils, of left mandible with seven to eight penicils. Frontal lateral lobes of head large, oblique. Body Without Spots. ¢ Joe ee ok eee noes Porcellio scaber Latreille Ge PORCELLIO FORMOSUS Stuxberg. Porcellio formosus StuxperG, Ofivers. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1875, No. 2, p. 57.— Buppe-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 141.—UNpgErwoop, Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., II, 1886, p. 362.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXI, 1899, p. 862; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 329; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 304. Localities.--San Francisco and San Pedro, California. Body ovate, almost half as wide as long, convex, smooth, shining. Second pair of antenne equal in length to the width of the body; the first article of the peduncle is half as long as the second, the fourth has a longitudinal excavation, deep on the outside, light above, the fifth is the longest, longer than the preceding by a third part, not much longer than the flagellum, straight, the proximal part incon- De in =e ee Cn (ge eee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 613 spicuously, the distal part lightly channeled; the articles of the flagel- lum subequal. Eyes oval, prominent, with numerous ocelli. The median frontal lobe is a little produced, rounded, the lateral lobes drawn out, equal in length to the width of the face or to the eyes, anteriorly roundly truncate, provided behind with a deep semilunar excavation. The first three segments of the thorax with the posterior margin straight, the posterior angles of the epimera straight, the fourth seg-- ment with the posterior angles of the epimera straight, those of the fifth, sixth, and seventh segments more and more bent backward, but not very acuminate. The abdomen is semicircular, about a fifth part wider than long, the epimera of the third, fourth and fifth segments moderately large, bent backward, curved on the inner margin, twice as long as wide and a little acuminate. The last segment is triangular, almost as wide as long, deeply sinuated on the posterior margins, the apex wide, roundly acuminate, with a deep and wide longitudinal excavation above. The basal article of the uropoda seen from below is as wide as long, convex above; the outer branch is subdepressed, lanceolate, with the inner margin straight, the outer margin curved, its greatest width equal to a fourth part of the length; the inner branch is slender and a third part shorter than the outer branch. The color of the dorsal surface is a dark grayish red with numerous pale, irregular, oblong spots intermixed arranged in two wide series separated by a small interval. The abdo- men is generally of one color, with the last segment bi- or tri-punctate at the base. It varies in having a longitudinal band of grayish white and a lateral series of large spots of the same color. Length 13 mm., width 6 mm.; length of the second antennz 6 mm.“ “The above description is adapted from the following one of Stuxberg’s: Porcellio ovalis, latitudine dimidiam longitudinem prope assequente (latitud. ad longitud. =45 : 100), convexus, sublevis, subnitidus. Antenne exteriores latitudinem corporis longitudine squantes; pedunculi articu- lus primus secundo duplo brevior, quartus extra profundius, supra levius longitudi- naliter sulcatus, quintus longissimus, precedente tertia parte, flagello haud multo longior, rectus, parte proximali inconspicue, distali levius canaliculata; flagelli articuli inter se eadem longitudine. Oculi, ocellis congregatis prominentes, ovales. Lobus frontalis medius paullum productus, rotundatus, laterales evoluti, longi- tudine altitudine faciei vel oculis sequales, antice truncato-rotundati, pone excaya- tione semilunari profundiore preediti. Trunci segmenta tria priora margine postico recto, epimerorum angulis posticis rectis, quartum subrectis, quintum, sextum, septimum magis magisque retroflexis, sed non multum acuminatis. Cauda subcircularis, latitudine quinta circiter parte majore quam longitudine, epimeris segmentorum tertii, quarti, quinti mediocribus, retroversis, margine interiore curvatis, duplo longioribus quam latioribus, paullum acuminatis. Segmentum ulti- mum trigonum, prope ezque longum ae latum, marginibus posticis profunde sinu- atum, apice lato, rotundate acuminato, supra late et profunde longitudinaliter exca- 614 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PORCELLIO LAVIS Latreille. Porcellio levis LATREILLE, Hist. Nat. des Crust. et Insectes, VII, 1804, p. 46; Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum, I, 1806, p. 71.—Leacu, Edinb. Eneycl., VII, 1813-14, p. 406; Trans. Linn. Soe. London, XI, 1815, p. 375. Oniscus levis LAMARcK, Hist. Nat. des animaux sans Vertébres, V, 1818, p. 154. Porcellio degeerii Aupouin and Savieny, Descript. de l’ Egypte, 1826, p. 289, pl. XII, fig. d. Porcellio eucercus BRANDT, Bull. Soc. Imp. d. Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 177. —MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 168. Porceliio syriacus Branxpt, Bull. Soe. Imp. d. Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 178.—MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 170. Porcellio cinerascens Branpt, Bull. Soc. Imp. d. Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 178. Porcellio dubius Branpt, Bull. Soc. Imp. d. Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 178.—MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 170. Porcellio poeyi GUERIN, Comptes Rendus, 1837, p. 182. Porcellio levis MitNe Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 169. Porcellio urbicus Kocn, Deutsch. Crust., 1835-1844, p. 36. Porcellio ovatus Zappacu, Synops. Crust Pruss. prodromus, 1844, p. 13. Porcellio degeerti Lucas, Expl. d’ Alg., I, 1849, pp. 69, 139. Porcellio levis LEREBOULLET, Mém. de la Soc. de Strasbourg, IV, 1853, p. 45, pl. 1, fig. 7; pl. m4, figs. 55-60. Porcellio cubensis SAussuRE, Mém. Soc. phys. Genéve, XIV, 1858, p. 477, pl. v, fig. 35. Porcellio sumichrasti Saussure, Mém. Soc. phys. Genéve, XIV, 1858, p. 478, pl. v, fig. 36. Porcellio cotille Saussure, Mém. Soc. phys. Genéve, XIV, 1858, p. 478, pl. v, fig. 37. Porcellio mexicanus SaussuRE, Mém. Soc. phys. Genéve, XIV, 1858, p. 479, pl. v, figs. 39, 40. Porcellio aztecus SAussurE, Mém. Soc. phys. Genéve, XIV, 1858, p. 479, pl. v, fig. 38. Porcellio levis BuppE-Lunp, Nat. Tidsskrift., 3d ser., VII, 1870, p. 236. Porcellio aztecus Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 669. Porcellio levis BuppE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 138-141 (see Budde- Lund for further synonymy); Entom. Meddelel., IV, 1893-94, p. 118.—Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 181-182, pl. uxx1x, fig. 2.—RICHARDSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 862-863; Amer. Nat., X X XIV, 1900, p- 304; Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1901, pp. 566-569. Localities. Oakland, California; Cincinnati, Ohio; Raymond, Cal- ifornia; San Francisco Bay, California; San Antonio, Texas; St. Marys, Georgia; New Providence, Bahamas; Washington, District of Columbia; Hamilton, Bermudas; Colfax, California; Las Cruces, New Mexico; Unalaska; Key West, Florida; Monterey Bay, California; vato. Pedum ultimi paris articulus basalis infra visus eadem latitudine ac longitudine, supra convexus; appendix exterior subdepressa, lanceolata, margine interiore sub- recto, exteriore curvato, latitudine maxima quartam longitudinis partem sequante; appendix interior teres, exteriore tertia parte brevior. Color dorsi ex rufo fusco-griseus, immixtis maculis pallidioribus oblongis irregu- laribus numerosis, in duas series latas parvo intervallo distantes digestis. Cauda plerumque unicolor segmento ultimo ad basin bi- (vel tri-) punctato. Variat vitta longitudinali albo-grisea serieque macularum majorum ejusdem coloris laterali. Longitudo 13 mm., latitudo 6 mm.; longitudo antennarum exteriorum 6 mm.— SruxBerG, Oivers. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1875, No. 2, p. 57. a? vicndebies eb ee el eli ve 8 AO ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 615 Esenada, Lower California; Mesilla Park, New Mexico; Phoenix, Arizona; Las Vegas, New Mexico; Cabanas, Cuba; warm spring, a few miles west of Socorro, New Mexico; Azores; Galapagos Islands; Alabaster Cave, Eldorado County, California; Alvarez, Mexico, at an altitude of 8,000 feet; Oahu, Hawaiian Islands; Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands; Cardcas, Venezuela; world-wide in distribution. This species is said to be injurious to various plants in Fort Worth, Texas; found at roots of sugar beets; under stones; in cellars. It has also been found dead near poisoned cotton, showing that it feeds on the growing cotton plants. Body oblong-ovate, almost twice as long as wide, 8 mm. : 15 mm. FIG. 666.—PORCELLIO L#VIS (AFTER SARS). dd, SECOND ANTENNA. 0b, UROPOD. ¢, ADULT MALE. d, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AMD UROPODS. €, SEVENTH LEG. jf, FLAGELLUM. g, FIRST PLEOPODS OF MALE. Head wider than long, 2 mm.: 34 mm., with the anterior margin produced in three lobes, the median lobe being triangulate, the lateral lobes rounded and larger than the median lobe. ‘The eyes are small, composite, and situated at the base of the antero-lateral lobes. The first pair of antennz are small and inconspicuous, and are composed of two articles. The second pair of antenne have the first article short; the second article is one and a half times longer than the first; the third is as long as the second; the fourth is nearly twice as long as the third; the fifth is one and a half times as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two articles, the first of which isa little longer 616 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. than the second. The second pair of antenne extend to the middle of the third thoracic segment. The segments of the thorax are subequal, the first one having the antero-lateral angles produced so as to surround the head and extend- ing as far as thé base of the antero-lateral lobes. The epimera are perfectly united with the segments. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct, the first two having the lateral parts concealed by the seventh thoracic segment. The lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments are produced to continue the oval outline of the body. The sixth, or terminal, seg- ment is 2 mm. wide at the base, is triangulate, with apex produced in a long, narrow process. The sixth segment is 2 mm. long from the base to the extremity. There is a shallow groove extending the length of the produced apex of the terminal segment. The basal article or peduncle of the uropoda extends to the tip of the posterior angles of the lateral parts of the fifth abdominal segment. The inner branch is 14 mm. long, and is partly concealed dorsally by the apical process of the terminal abdominal segment, but extends half its length beyond this process. The outer branch is 24 mm. long, and extends almost its entire length beyond the extremity of the terminal abdomi- nal segment. The legs are all ambulatory in character and spinulose. In color it isa dark gray, with two longitudinal bands of a lighter color in wavy stripes, one on either side of the median line. PORCELLIO PARVICORNIS Richardson. Porcellio parvicornis RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 302, pl. xu, fig. 57. Locality.—Bermudas. Body ovate, surface marked with minute granula- tions. Color yellow, with markings of light brown. Head with median lobe small, widely rounded. Lateral lobes small, rounded. Eyes distinct, and situ- ated on the lateral lobes of the head. Exterior an- Se tie ope egy Peni short, about one-third the length of the body; tio paRvicornis. flagellum two-jointed, first joint very much shorter than second joint, about one-third shorter, Thoracic segments subequal, with the exception of the first, which is a little longer than any of the others. First two abdominal segments with lateral parts hidden by the preceding thoracic segment. Three following segments with lateral parts expanded, the margins continuing the oval outline of the body. Terminal segment triangular, with sides somewhat incurved and rounded at the apex. Basal joint of uropoda reaching a little more than half the length of the last abdominal segment. Inner branch i | ik mbt a aon aie -" ys ee eee Onn, Cie 4. 9 y whe My ja Se Fees = ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 617 extends a short distance beyond the terminal segment of the body; outer branch extends but very little beyond the inner branch. One specimen was collected by Prof. A. E. Verrill at the Bermudas in-L901. Type specimen in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. PORCELLIO RATHKEI Brandt. Porcellio rathkei Branpt, Bull. de la soc. Imp. d. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 15.—MILNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., IIT, 1840, p. 170. Porcellio ferrugineus Branpt, Bull. de la soe. Imp. d. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 16.—Mitne Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 170. Porcellio trilineatus Kocu, Deutschl. Crust., 1835-1844, p. 34. Porcellio trivittatus LEREBOULLET, Mém. de la Soc. de muséum nat. de Strasbourg, IV, 1853, p. 54, pl. 1, figs. 18, 14; pl. 1, figs. 66-70. Porcellio tetramoerus SCHNITZLER, De Oniscineis agri. Bonnensis, 1853, p. 24. Porcellio striatus Scun1TzLER, De Oniscineis agri. Bonnensis, 1853, p. 24. Porcellio trilineatus Stuy, Verhandl. u. Mittheilungen des Siebenbiirgischen Vereins fiir Naturwissenschaiten zu Hermannstadt, XIII, 1862, p. 26. Porcellio trivittatus Jounson, Academisk Athandling, Upsala, 1858, p. 25. Porcellio trilineatus BuppE-Lunp, Nat: Tidsskr. (3), VII, 1870, p. 239.—Sriix- BERG, Ofvers. af Kgl. Vetenskaps Akad. Forh., 1875, p. 59. Porcellio rathkei Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 85-87. (See Budde-Lund for synonymy ).—Sars, Crust. of Norway, IT, 1899, pp. 180-181, pl. uxxix, fig. 1.—RicHarpson, Amer. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 304; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1900, p. 567.—Pautmirr, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, pp. 182-183. Localities. —Springtield, Ohio; Lockland, Ohio; Columbus, Ohio; Clifton, Cincinnati, Ohio; Chaumont, New York; Syracuse, New York; St. Marys, Georgia; Salem and Beverly, Massachusetts; Lake Champlain; New York City; Lawrence, Massachusetts; Washington, District of Columbia; Saginaw, Michigan; Freeport, Maine; Victoria, Texas; Providence, Rhode Island; also Europe. Found in woodsheds, greenhouses, on rotten logs, under brick and boards, under logs, at river bottom. Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 5 mm.: 104 mm. Head about twice as wide as long, 1 mm.: 2 mm., with the anterior margin produced in three lobes, the median one being less produced than the lateral lobes and all having rounded extremities. The eyes are small, composite, and situated at the base of the antero-lateral lobes. The first pair of antenne are small and inconspicuous and are composed of only two articles. The second pair of antenne have the first article short; the second about one and a half timesas long as the first; the third equal in length to the second; the fourth twice as long as the third; the fifth one and a half times as longas the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two subequal articles. The second antennz extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. 618 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The segments of the thorax are subequal in length. The first one has the antero-lateral angles produced to surround the head, and they extend almost to the base of the antero-lateral angles of the head. The epimera are perfectly united with the segments. The lateral mar gins are straight. Fic. 668.—PORCELLIO RATHKEI (AFTER SARS). a, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. 0, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. ¢C, FIRST ANTENNA. d, SEVENTH LEG. €, MAXILLIPED. jf, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA. g, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. h, FLAGELLUM. i, UROPOD. j, SECOND ANTENNA. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct, the first two having the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The third, fourth, and fifth segments have the lateral parts produced so as to con- tinue the oval outline of the body. The sixth or terminal segment is triangular with apex produced in a long, narrow process. The length of the segment from the base to the extremity of the apex is equal to its width at the base, 1 mm.: 1mm. The peduncle or basal article of eS gre Te. el et i 0 Ds: th eet Sees eee ee eel Serge SLES SR OPS TT oe ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 619 the uropoda extends almost to the extremity of the posterior angle of the lateral part of the fifth abdominal segment, which is a little shorter than the tip of the apical process of the sixth segment. The inner branch is 1 mm. long and is partly concealed by the apical process of the sixth abdominal segment; it extends to the middle of the outer branch. The outer branch is 1 mm. long, and extends about two- thirds of its length beyond the apical process of the sixth abdominal segment. All the legs are ambulatory in structure. In color it is a dark brown with three longitudinal lines of light yellow, one median and one on either side at the place of union of the epimera with the segments. Between the median line of light yellow and the lateral lines are wavy lines of light yellow on the brown color, giving it a broken, mottled effect. The surface of the body is covered with low granules. PORCELLIO SPINICORNIS Say. Porcellio spinicornis Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, 1818, pp. 481, 432. Porcellio pictus BRanpt and RatzEBurG, Med. Zool., I1, 1830-1834, p. 78, pl. x1, figs. 5, 5e, 5f. Porcellio melanocephalus Kocn, Deutschl. Crust., 1835-1844, p. 28. (2?) Porcellio spinicornis Dk Kay, Zool. New York, Pt. 6, 1844, p. 51. Porcellio miaxtus Fircn, Rep. noxious ins., 1856, p. 120. Porceilio pictus KINAHAN, Nat. Hist. rev., TV, 1857, p. 278.—Bare and Westwoop, Brit. Sess. Crust., II, 1868, p. 480.—BupprE-Lunp, Nat. Tidsskr. (3), VII, 1870, p. 239; Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 123-125.—G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 177, 178, pl. txxvin, fig. 1.—Sro.uer, 54th Report New York State Museurn, 1902, p. 213. Localities. —North America, at New York; Niagara; Goshen, Con- necticut; also Sweden; Denmark; Germany; Britain; France; Hun- gary; Russia: coast of Norway. Found in the crevices of rocks and on shady limestone ledges. (STOLLER. ) Body nearly twice as long as wide, 7 mm. :13 mm. Head twice as wide as long, 15 mm.:3 mm., with the front pro- duced in three lobes, the antero-lateral lobes being large and rounded, the median lobe wide but short and almost truncate on its anterior margin. The eyes are small, oval, composite, and situated at the base of the antero-lateral lobes. The first pair of antennz are rudimentary and inconspicuous. The basal article of the second pair of antenne is short; the second and third are subequal and each is twice as long as the first; the fourth is one and a half times as long as the third; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two articles, the first of which is one and a half times longer than the second. The second antennz extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The second article 620 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. of the second antenna has the inner margin expanded into a spine- like process, which is very conspicuous. The maxillipeds have a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. Fic. 669.—PORCELLIO SPINICORNIS (AFTER SARS). @, HEAD. b, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. ¢, SEC- OND ANTENNA. d, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA. @€, FIRST LEG OF FEMALE. {, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN. g, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. h, UROPOD. i, FLAGELLUM. jj, SEV- ENTH LEG OF FEMALE. k, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. 1, SEVENTH LEG OF MALE, The first segment of the thorax is 2 mm. in length, a little longer than any of the others, which are subequal and each is 1} mm. in length. The epimera are not separated off from the segments. et eS ee Se ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee oe ees ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 621 The abdomen is as wide as the thorax. The first two segments have the lateral parts covered by the last thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is triangular, with apex produced to a long, narrow process rounded at the extremity. The terminal segment is 2 mm. wide at the base and 1} mm. long. The peduncle of the uropoda ane FIG. 670.—PORCELLIO SPINICORNIS. a, MAXILLIPED. xX 33. b, SECOND MAXILLA. X 33. c, FIRST MAX- ILLA (OUTER LOBE). d, MANDIBLE. X 33. €, SECOND ANTENNA. extends almost to the extremity of the terminal segment of the body. The inner branch extends a very short distance beyond the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch is about twice as long as the peduncle. The whole surface of the body is closely covered with small tubercles. All the legs are ambulatory. PORCELLIO SCABER Latreille. Porcellio scaber LATREILLE, Hist. Crust. Ins., VII, 1804, p. 45; Gen. Crust., I, 1806, p. 70.—Lracu, Edinb. Encycl., VII, 1814, p. 406.—Ruisso, Crust. de Nice, 1816, p. 155. Oniscus granulatus LamMaARcK, Hist. Nat. des animaux sans vertébres, V, 1818, p. 154. Porcellio nigra Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 1818, p. 482. Porcellio granulatus Bresisson, Mém. Soc. Caly., 1825, p. 261. Porcellio scaber DesmAreEst, Consid. Crust., 1825, p. 321.—Branpr and Rarze- BuRG, Med. Zool., II, 1830-1834, Ds ts pl. xu, figs. 1-4 and A~B.—Branpr, Bull. Soe. Imp. de. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 14. Porcellio brandtii M1LNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des. Crust., III, 1840, p. 168. Porcellio granulatus MttNE Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., I11, 1840, p. 169, pl. SIT, fies 21 Porcellio scaber M1tNE Epwarps, Cuvier Rg. An., 1849, pl. LXxI-LxXx1 bis. Porcellio nigra GouLp, Rep. Invert. Mass., 1841, p. 337. Porcellio scaber Kocu, Deutschlands Crust., 1835-1844, p. 34. Porcellio dubius Kocn, Deutschlands Crust., 1835-1844, p. 34. Porcellio scaber LerEBouutetT, Mém. Strasb., LV, 1853, p. 34, pl. 1, figs. 4, 5; pl. u, figs. 43-47. Porcellio gemmulatus Dana, Crust. U. S. Expl. Exp., XIV, 1853, p. 725, pl. xivu, fig. 7.—Srimpson, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., VI, 1850-1857, p. 506. Philoscia tuberculata Stimpson, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., I, p. 1856, p. 97. 622 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Porcellio montezume SaussurE, Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, XIV, 1858, Pt. 2, p. 480, pl. v, figs. 41-41 bis. Porcellio scaber BATE and Westwoop, Brit. Sess.-eyed, Crust., II, 1868, p. 475. Porcellio paulenses HELLER, Novara Exp., 1868, p. 136, pl. xu, fig. 5. Porcellio scaber PuaTEav, Bull. Acad. r. Belgique, 2d ser., X XIX, 1870, No. 2, p. 8.—E. Branpt, Hore Soc. Ent. Rossi, VIII, 1870, p. 167.—BuppE-Lunp, Nat. Tidsskrift., 3d ser., VII, 1870, p. 238; Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 129-131.—Sars, Crustacea of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 176-177, pl. txxvi.— RicHarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 863; Amer. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 304; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 567.—Curtirton, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., (2), VIII, 1901, Pt. 4, p. 139.—Srouuer, 54th Report New York State Museum, 1902, p. 213.—PauLmikr, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, p. 183. Localities.—Comax, British Columbia, near Union Wharf, along the shore; Taylor Bay, Gabriola Island, British Columbia, on the shore; San Diego, California; Puget Sound; Oakland, California; Norwood, Ohio; Westwood, Cincinnati, Ohio; Andersons Ferry, Hamilton County, Ohio; Springfield, Ohio; Bering Island; Woods Hole, Mas- sachusetts; Colfax, California; Ocean Grove, New Jersey; Westfield, New York; Magdalen Islands; Victoria, Vancouver Island; Salem, Massachusetts; Northfield, Cook County, Illinois; Beverly, Massa- chusetts; Hamilton and Warwick, Massachusetts; Crescent City, Cali- fornia; Gulf of Georgia; Britain Island, Nova Scotia; Penikese Island, Massachusetts; Key West, Florida; San Mateo, California; the Ber- mudas; New York City; West Haven, Connecticut; Bloomington, Ili- nois; Lawrence, Massachusetts; Woodside, Maryland; Grand Menan, New Brunswick; Saginaw, Michigan; Lagonistas Creek, California; Lake Maxinkuckee, Indiana; Freeport, Maine; Greenland; Newfound- land; New York; Niagara, New York; San Francisco, California; San Pedro, California; St. Paul Island; St. Croix; Ascension Island; Kam- chatka; Iceland; Hawaii; Cape of Good Hope; all Europe; distribu- tion world-wide. Found under dead leaves and stumps, under brick and boards; along the shore; in greenhouses. Body ovate, not capable of being rolled up into a ball, and less than twice as long as wide, 6 mm. : 10 mm. Head twice as wide as long, 2 mm. :1mm., with the anterior mar- gin produced in three lobes, one median and two lateral lobes. The median lobe is triangular, with apex obtuse; the lateral lobes are rounded and large and extend as far as the median lobe. The eyes are small, round, and composite, and are situated at the base of the antero-lateral expansions. The first pair of antennee are rudimentary and inconspicuous and are composed of three articles. The second pair of antenne have the basal article short; the second is about one and a half times as long as the first; the third is as long as the second; the fourth is nearly twice as long as the third; the fifth is nearly twice as ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 623 long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two unequal arti- cles, the first one being the shorter. The second antenne extend to the middle of the third thoracic segment. The maxillipeds have a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The segments of the thorax are subequal. There is no indication of epimera on any of the segments. Fic. 671.—PORCELLIO SCABER (AFTER SARS). @, MANDIBLES. Db, FIRST ANTENNA. Cc, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. d, SECOND ANTENNA. €, ANTERIOR LIP. f, SECOND MAXILLA. g, FIRST MAXILLA. hi, MANDIBLE. 7, POSTERIOR LIP. j, LAST SEGMENT OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA. k, URopopD. J, MAx- ILLIPEDS. m, HEAD. 7m, FIRST PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. 0, SECOND PLEOPODS OF MALE. p, Var. MAR- MORATA (DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE). gq, FIRST PLEOPODS OF MALE. 1, THIRD PLEOPOD OF MALE. 8, ABDOMEN (VENTRAL VIEW). 3 { The abdomen is as wide as the thorax. ‘The first two segments are covered at the sides by the lateral parts of the seventh thoracic seg- ment. The sixth or terminal segment is 1} mm. wide at the base. It is triangularly produced toa long, narrow extremity, which is posteri- orly rounded. The terminal segment is 1 mm. long. The uropoda are longer than the terminal segment. The outer branch extends + 624 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. mm. beyond the extremity of the abdomen. The inner branch just reaches the tip of the last segment of the body. All the legs are ambulatory. The whole surface of the body is covered with small tubercles. olor, generally a uniform gray black, sometimes lighter, varie- gated with irregular dark spots, occasionally black, with the lateral parts of the segments light yellow, forming a marginal border. 110. Genus LEPTOTRICHUS Budde-Lund.@ Body rather convex, scarcely contractile, generally setigerous. Second pair of antenne short, the first four articles of the peduncle subequal in length; flagellum composed of two articles, of which the first is much shorter than the second. Front of head without a margin, produced in the middle with the epistome bulbous; antero-lateral processes obtuse. Vertical marginal line posteriorly wanting. Eyes small. Lateral parts of thoracic segments not expanded. Terminal segment of abdomen generally triangular; epimera of the third, fourth, and fifth segments moderately large. First and second pairs of pleopoda furnished with trachev. LEPTOTRICHUS GRANULATUS Richardson. Leptotrichus granulatus RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 303, pl. xx, fig. 58. Locality.—Found in dead coral at Castle Harbor, Bermudas. Body roughly and minutely granulated. Color light reddish or yellowish brown, with markings of dark brown in patches on each segment, forming four longitudinal rows, the two median rows not extending anteriorly beyond the third segment of the thorax in one specimen, and in the other being almost obsolete. The head is produced in front in a prominent rounded median lobe, and at the sides in large rounded lateral lobes. The eyes are small, but distinct, and are placed at the base of the lateral lobes. The ex- ternal antenne are very short, not reaching the anterior angle of the first thoracic segment. The Fic. 672-Lerrorer. fourth joint of the peduncle is not longer than the cuus cranutatus. third; the flagellum is composed of two joints, the ey first of which is about half the length of the second. The thoracic segments are subequal in length, the lateral parts broadly expanded. “See Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 192-193. —~—~ [SOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 625 The first two abdominal segments have the lateral parts undeveloped. The third, fourth, and fifth segments are broadly expanded laterally, the outer margins forming a continuous and unbroken line with the margins of the thoracic segments. The terminal segment of the abdo- men extends but a distance of half its length beyond the lateral parts of the preceding segment; its surface is smooth. The basal joint of the uropoda attains half the length of the terminal segment. The inner branch reaches the apex of the last segment. The outer branch extends half its length beyond this. Two specimens were collected by Prof. A. E. Verrill and party at the Bermudas in 1898. They were found in dead coral at Castle Harbor. Type in Peabody Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3333. This species can not be identified with any of the described species of the genus: LZ. panzerii (Audouin and Savigny), Z. tawricus Budde- Lund, Z. sguamatus Budde-Lund, and Z.% lentus (Budde-Lund), although it seems more closely related to'the last named than to any of the former. 111. Genus METOPONORTHUS Budde-Lund.? Body oblong, depressed, not convex, scarcely contractile. Head marginate and with lateral lobes very small; frontal lobe want- ing; vertical marginal line extending to the lateral lobes; second pair of antenn long; flagellum composed of two articles, the first article generally longer than the second; abdomen abruptly narrower than the thorax, with the lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth seg- ments small, appressed; terminal segment short, triangular, extending moderately beyond the lateral parts of the preceding segment; oper- cular plates of the first two pairs of pleopods furnished with trachee, rarely those of the third or of all the pairs furnished with trachew Inner branch of the uropoda inserted far in front of outer branch, near the inner antero-lateral angle of the peduncle. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS METOPONORTHUS. © a. Lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments of the abdomen well Gevclopediete te sien Ne Se Sete Sie ears. SEU) Metoponorthus saussurei Dollfus. a’, Lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments of the thorax reduced, small. b. Epistome furnished with a sinuated transverse line. c. Second pair of antennze equal to three-fifths the length of the body. First article of the flagellum much longer than the second. Inner face of right mandible furnished with four to five penicils, of the left with six peniciis. Terminal segment of abdomen almost flat. Color brown or reddish brown, often mottled with white spots ..-.-.--.---/ en ononhte pruinosus (Brandt). a See Dole: Mem. Soe. Zodl. de mentee 1896, pp. 542 2-543. > For characters of genus see Budde-Lund, Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, pp. 161-162, and Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 183-184. ¢This key has been prepared entirely from the descriptions of the forms, which give few characters for a syno tical arrangement. 28589—05——40 626 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. c’, Second pair of antenne a little longer than half the length of the body. First article of the flagellum a little longer than the second. Inner face of the mandibles with three to four penicils. Terminal segment of abdomen a little excavate above. Color yellow or brown or dark, almost black, with obscure or yellowish spots arranged in from four to six longitudinal series, thetfirst:-twoslaterdll=e aan t tere oe Vetoponorthus sexfasciatus (Koch) b%= Epistome Smooth A+. 22uee see eee ee Vetoponorthus virgatus Budde-Lund. METOPONORTHUS SAUSSUREI Dollfus. Metoponorthus saussuret Doturvs, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, X XI, 1896, p. 48. Locality.—Cordova, Mexico. Body oval, elongated, feebly and irregularly granulated; each segment of the abdomen has «a posterior depression and the first segments are furnished on each side with a little pearl- a like granulation. Head(?) Thorax: The first segment has the posterior margin almost straight and not sinu- ated. Abdomen a little narrower; the lateral processes of the third to the fifth abdominal segments are well developed and a little di- vergent. Terminal segment triangular, with the sides incurved and obtuse at the apex. Uropoda with the basal segment reaching the apex of the terminal abdominal segment; inner and outer branches very much _ elon- Fig. 673.—MeEroponortnus gated, the former being linear, the latter lan- et aie ae eee ceolate. Color, brownish with light wavy THORAX. }, SeveNtH tHo- spots; there are three little light spots at the cae ABDOMEN: base of the terminal segment. Dimensions: AND UROPODA., > Leneth, 10 mm.(?) Width, 35 mm.¢ “The above description is adapted from the following one by Dollfus: Corps ovale, allongé, faiblement et irréguliérement granulé; chaque segment du pleon présente une dépression postérieure et les premiers segments sont munis de chaque cété dune petite granulation perliforme. Cephalon? Pereion=le premier segment ale bord postérieur presque droit et non sinueux. Pleon peu rétréci; les processus latéraux des segments 345 du pleon sont bien développés et un peu diver- gents. Pleotelson triangulaire, 4 cOtés incurvés et dsommet obtus. Uropodes a base atteignant le sommet du pleotelson; endopodites et exopodites trés allongés, les pre- miers linéaires et les seconds lancéolés. Couleur=bruniatre avec des marbrures et taches claires; trois petites taches claires 4 la base du pleotelson. Dimension= longueur 10 millimétres? Largeur, 3 millimétres 3.—Do.uurus, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, XXI, 1896, p. 48. ——- ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 627 METOPONORTHUS PRUINOSUS (Brandt). Porcellio pruinosus BRaANpt, Bull. de la Soc. Imp. d. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 19. Porcellio truncatus M. Enwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 171. Porcellio maculicornis Kocu, Deutschl. Crust., 1885-44, p. 34. Fic. 674.—METOPONORTHUS PRUINOSUS (AFTER SARS). a, FIRST MAXILLA. b, MAXILLIPED. ¢, MANDIBLES. d,SECOND ANTENNA. €, ANTERIOR LIP. jf, DORSAL VIEW OF MALE. g, FIRST ANTENNA. h, FLAGELLUM. 7, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. j, SEVENTH LEG. k, SECOND MAXILLA. J, FIRST LEG. m, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. n, UROPOD. 0, THIRD PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. p, HEAD. gq, SECOND PLEOPOD OF FEMALE. 1, FIRST PLEOPODS OF FEMALE. s, ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. Porcellio frontalis LeREBoULLET, Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Strasbourg, 1853, p. 63, pl. 1, fig. 17; pl. 11, figs. 81-87. Porcellio zealandicus Wurrr, List Crust. Brit. Mus., 1847, p. 99. Porcellionides flavo-vittatus Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 669, pl. uxvin, fig. 4. (?) Porcellio jelskii MrErs, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 668, pl. Lxvin, fig. 3. = 628 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Metoponorthus pruinosus Buppr-Lunpb, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 169-171. (See Budde-Lund for synonymy. )—Do..Fus, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, X VIII, 18938, p. 187.—BuppE-Lunp, Entom. Meddelel, IV, 1893-94, p. 118.—Sars, Crust. Norway, II, 1899, pp. 184-185, pl. Lxxx, fig. 2.—RicHarpson, Amer. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 303; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 569.— Curtton, Trans. Linn. Soe. Lond. (2), VIII, 1901, p. 141.—Sroiusr, 54th Report New York State Museum, 1902, p. 213.—Pauumigr, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, pp. 183-184. Localities.—Columbus, Cincinnati, Andersons Ferry, Hamilton County, Ohio; Marion Center, Kansas; Oakland, California; Spring- field, Ohio; Washington City; Provo, Utah: Las Vegas, Mesilla Park, New Mexico; Burlington, Ohio; Smiths Island, Virginia; Woodside, Maryland; Texas; Miami, Key West, Florida; Beverly and Salem, Massachusetts; San Antonio, Dallas, Texas; St. Thomas, West Indies; Hamilton Island, Bermudas; Mangrove Bay, Andros Island, Bahamas; also Europe; North Africa; Caracas, La Moka, and Merida, Vene- zuela; Praslin, etc. Found under logs; in greenhouses, dwellings, and on country roads; along walls and under decaying vegetable matter. Body oblong-ovate, twice as long as wide, 4 mm.:9 mm. Abdo- men abruptly narrower than thorax. Head twice as wide as long, 1 mm.:2 mm., with the anterior mar- gin shghtly convex; antero-lateral lobes small. The eyes are small, composite, and situated at the base of the antero-lateral lobes. The first pair of antennz are small and inconspicuous. ‘The second pair have the first article short; the second is twice as long as the first; the third is equal in length to the second; the fourth is twice as long as the third; the fifth is one and a half times as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two articles, the first of which is twice as long as the second, and both taken together are almost equal in length to the fifth article of the peduncle. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is perhaps a little longer than any of the others, which are subequal. The antero-lateral angles of the first segment are produced forward to surround the head, and they extend to the base of the antero-lateral lobes of the head. The epimera are not distinctly separated from the segments. The abdomen is abruptly narrower than the thorax. All six seg- ments are distinct. The first two have the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The third, fourth, and fifth segments have the lateral parts small, not greatly expanded. The sixth or ter- minal segment is triangular in shape. It is 1 mm. wide at the base and is hardly more than $4 mm. long. The apex is acute, and there is a slight concavity in its dorsal surface. The basal article or peduncle of the uropoda is not longer than the apex of the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch is 14 mm. long and extends its entire length beyond the apex of the terminal abdominal segment. The inner branch extends about one-third the length of the outer branch. All the legs are ambulatory in character. ‘dae Seal ee | ‘ip ; ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 629 The surface of the body is slightly granulated. In color the pos- terior and lateral margins are a uniform reddish brown. The other parts are a lighter color, formed of reddish brown with wavy lines of a light yellow on either side of the median line. METOPONORTHUS SEXFASCIATUS (Koch). ? Porcellio sexfasciatus Kocn, System der Myriapoden mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, ete., 1847, p. 208, pl. vit, fig. 99. Metoponorthus sexfaciatus Buppg-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 167—168.— Doutrus, Bull. Soe. d’Etudes Scientifiques de Paris, 12th year, 1890, p. 4.—RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, p. 302. | Localities. —Bermudas (Dollfus); also Mediterranean and Canaries, Madeira, Azores, Spain, France, and Algeria. Body oblong or oblong-ovate, slightly convex, finely but manifestly covered with transverse series of granules. The segments of the thorax each with a raised transverse line. | Inner face of the mandibles with three or four plumose processes. | The second pair of antenne are a little longer than half the length of | the body; the fourth and fifth articles are sulcate; the first article of the flagellum isa little longer than the other. The antero-lateral lobes of the | head are bent downward, very small, subrectangular; the median lobe | is wanting, the frontal margin straight in the middle or a little produced; | the transverse line of the epistome is acutely sinuated in the middle, | | terminating on both sides far from the frontal margin. The abdomen is less abruptly narrower than the thorax; the terminal segment is short, subtriangular, with the sides incurved, the apex acute and a lit- tle excavate above; the outer branches of the uropoda rather long. Color yellow or brown, or dark black, covered with obscure or yel- low spots in from four to six longitudinal series, the first two series being lateral. The epistome is black. The epimera of the thoracic seoments have a minute shining tubercle. The ventral side and the | legs are yellow; the coxe are spotted with black. Length 10-12 mm. Width 3,5 mm. to4,5 mm. Height 1, 8 mm. to 2 mm. 4 “The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: | Oblongus vel oblonge ovatus, leviter convexus, tenuiter et sparse sed manifesto transverse subseriatim granulatus. Trunci annuli linea elevata transversa. Mala interior mandibularum penicillis 3-4. Antenne exteriores corporis dimidio paulo longiores; articuli 4-5 suleati; flagelli articulus prior altero paulo longior. Lobi frontales laterales deflexi, minimi, subrectanguli; lobus medius nullus, linea marginalis medio recta vel paulum producta; epistomatis Jinea transversa medio acutius sinuata, utrinque procul a margine frontali desinens. Cauda trunco minus abrupte angustior; annulus analis brevis, subtriangulus, lateribus incurvis, apice acuto, supra paulum excayatus; rami exteriores pedum analium sat longi. | Color flavus vel brunneus, vel e nigro fuscus, maculis vel obscuris vel flavescen- | tibus in series longitudinales 4-6, imprimis duas laterales, digestis. Epistoma sub- nigrum. Epimera trunci annulorum tuberculo perlucente minuto. Venter et pedes flava; coxee nigromaculate. Longitudo 10-12 mm., latitudo 3, 5-4, 5 mm., altitudo 1, 8-2 mm.—Buppe- Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 167-168. 630 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. METOPONORTHUS VIRGATUS Budde-Lund. Metoponorthus virgatus Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 182.—RricH- ARDsoN, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 303; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 569. Localities. —F lorida; Nova Aurelia. Body oblong oval, convex, smooth or obscurely and finely granu- lated and tuberculated. Inner face of the right mandible furnished with four plumose processes, of the left mandible with five. Second pair of antennz equal to half the length of the body; the first article of the flagellum is shorter than the second. Antero-lateral lobes of the head small, rounded; median lobe very small, widely rounded; epistome slightly convex, smooth. The termi- nal abdominal segment is short, triangular, with the sides straight; it is flat above, scarcely excavated. Color grayish black; there are white tubercles in the middle of the thorax and white spots arranged in three longitudinal lines. The epimera of the thorax are furnished with a shining tubercle dis- tant from the margin. The legs are spotted with black, thickest on the coxee. Length 9-10 mm. Width 4,5-5 mm. Height 2-2, 2 mm.¢ 112. Genus RHYSCOTUS Budde=-Lunad.? Body rather convex, very little or scarcely at all contractile. Second pair of antenne long; flagellum composed of two articles, the first article shorter than the second. Eyes moderately large. Frontal marginal line bent downward before the eyes on either side, coming in contact with the vertical marginal line back of the eyes, passing through the pleure of the head and surrounding the inconspic- “The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: Oblonge ovalis, convexus, subleevis vel obscure et tenuiter granulatus et tubercu- latus. Mala interior mandibulz dextre penicillis 4, mandibule sinistree 5. Antenne exteriores corpus dimidium eequantes; flagelli articulus prior altero brevior. Lobi frontales laterales parvi,. rotundati; lobus medius minimus, late rotundatus; epistoma leyiter convexum, leve. Caudze annulus analis brevis, trtangulus, lateribus subrectis, supra planus, vix excavatus. Color ex griseo niger; in medio trunco tubercula alba et maculze albidee in lineas tres longitudinales condensate. Trunci epimera tuberculo perlucente a margine paulum distante munita. Pedes, maxime in coxis, nigromaculati. Longitudo 9-10 mm.; latitudo 4, 5-5 mm. Altitudo 2-2, 2 mm.—Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 182. See Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, pp. 191-192. RAAT ee Ore ia ti A ti i rn | i ; ISOPODS OF NORFH AMERICA. 631 uous antero-lateral lobes. Epistome very bulbous, separated from the front by a transverse groove. Lateral parts of the thoracic segments small. Abdomen abruptly narrower than thorax; terminal segment short, triangular, extending much beyond the epimera of the preceding segment. First and second pairs of pleopods furnished with trachez. RHYSCOTUS TURGIFRONS (Budde-Lund). Stenomacrus turgifrons Buppr-Lunp, Prosp. generum specierumque Crust. Isop. Terrestrium, 1879, p. 5. Rhyscotus turgifrons Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 192.—RicH- ARDSON, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 569. Locality.—St. Jean, West Indies. Body oblong, posteriorly attenuated, rather convex, minutely and densely punctuate and covered with scattered hairs. The inner face of the mandibles is furnished with two plumose processes(‘). The second pair of antenne are longer than half the length of the body; the first article of the flagellum is almost half as long as the second. The terminal abdominal segment is short, with the sides slightly incurved, the apex obtuse; it is sulcate above. The uropoda are rather long; the basal article is longer than the terminal segment of the abdomen; the outer branch is conical; the inner branch is slender, a little curved, with the apex furnished with hairs. Color brownish black, lighter on the epimera; ventral side a dark gray; legs dark. Length, 5 mm.; width, 2 mm.; height, 1.3 mm.4 113. HYPERGNATHUS, new, genus: Head with antero-lateral lobes obsolete; front not margined but con- tinuous with epistome. Flagellum of second pair of antennze composed of two articles, the second one being much longer than the first. Mandibles without molar expansion; recurved brush-like appendage wanting. First maxille with the inner lobe furnished with two plu- mose processes at the tip; outer lobe furnished with numerous spines “The above description is adapted from the following one of Budde-Lund’s: Oblongus, post attenuatus, convexiusculus, minute et dense punctatus, sparse crinitus. Mala interior mandibularum penicillis binis(?). Antenne exteriores corpore dimidio longiores, flagelli articulus prior altero fere duplo brevior. Caudze annulus analis brevis, lateribus leviter incurvis, apice obtuso, supra sul- catus. Pedes anales longiusculi; articulus basalis annulo anali sublongior; ramus exterior terminalis conicus; ramus interior tenuis, paululum curvatus, apice setaceo. Color e nigro brunneus, in epimeris dilutior; venter e fusco griseus; pedes fusci. Longitudo, 5 mm.; latitudo, 2 mm.; altitudo, 1.8 mm.—Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 192. 632 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. at the tip. Second maxille more than twice as large as first maxille, not bilobed at the tip, the small inner lobe being indicated near the distal end of the inner margin of the larger outer lobe. | Maxillipeds with palp reduced; masticatory lobe not developed. Sixth segment of abdomen triangularly produced at the apex; first and second segments not covered laterally by the last thoracic segment. Inner branch of the uropoda is inserted at the inner distal angle of the peduncle. HYPERGNATHUS TEXENSIS, new species. Body oblong-ovate, more than twice as long as wide, 24mm.:6mm. Surface perfectly smooth. Head a little wider than long, 1 mm. : 14 mm., with the front not margined, straight, contin- uous between the eyes with the epistome, which is strongly arched, and gives the appearance of amedian lobe. There are no lateral lobes. The lateral angles are rounded. The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated at the sides of the head close to the lateral margins. The first pair of antenne are small and inconspicuous. The second pair have the first three articles short and subequal; the fourth is about one and a half times longer than the third; the fifth is twice as long as the third. The flagellum is composed of two unequal articles, the second one being three times as long as the first. The seven segments of the thorax are about equal in length; the Dwg Fic. 675.—HYPERGNATHUS TEXENSIS. d a FIG. 676.—HYPERGNATHUS TEXENSIS. @, MAXILLIPEDS. x 41. b, SECOND MAXILLA. X 77}. Cc, FIRST MAXILLA. x 773. d, MANDIBLE. X 773. first one has the antero-lateral angles slightly produced forward and rounded; the last three have the post-lateral angles posteriorly pro- duced, becoming gradually more acutely produced. The epimera are united with the segments. {[SOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 633 The five anterior segments of the abdomen are subequal in length, the first two not being covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is posteriorly produced to a triangular extremity. The uropoda extend some distance beyond the terminal segment of the body. The peduncle extends beyond the terminal abdominal segment. The outer branch is twice as long as the peduncle. The inner branch is placed at the inner distal angle of the peduncle and is less than half the length of the outer branch. The color is a light yellow, with irregular markings of brown on the posterior margins of the segments and on the lateral parts. The head is thickly covered with brown markings, which on the produced portion are gy. go —pyper. arranged in definite transverse lines, but on the remain- — Gxarnus rex . : . . , ENSIS. UROPOD. ing surface are arranged irregularly around small, EG: rounded, yellow areas. The abdomen is very closely covered with the brown as is also the posterior half of the outer uropod. Types, Cat. No. 32075 U.S.N.M., collected by H. S. Barber in Texas. 114. Genus ACTONISCUS Harger. Head produced in three lobes, a median lobe and an antero-lateral lobe on either side. Second pair of antenne with the flagellum com- posed of four articles. First maxillee with inner lobe furnished at the tip with two bunches of hairs; outer lobe furnished with numer- ous spines. Second maxille small, not larger than first maxillee, with no indication of lobes at the tip. Masticatory lobe of maxilli- peds truncate at the tip; palp with joints indistinctly defined. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax; the first two segments are covered laterally by the last thoracic segment; lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments well developed; terminal segment with apex not produced. Basal article of the uropoda large, dilated, and simulating the epim- era of the fifth abdominal segment; both branches of the uropoda short, styliform, the outer one inserted about the middle of the inner margin of the peduncle. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ACTONISCUS. ’ a. Middle frontal lobe of head acute; antero-lateral lobes rounded. Second and third articles of flagellum of second antennze equal and longest. Terminal segment of abdomen broadly rounded. Surface of body smooth. Fifth article of the peduncle of the second antennze longer than the fourth; terminal article oi flagellum minute. Post-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment not produced. Actoniscus ellipticus Harger 6384 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. a’. Middle and antero-lateral lobes of head truncate. Second article of flagellum of second antenne longest. Terminal segment of abdomen triangulate. Body covered with low tubercles. Fourth and fifth articles of the peduncle of the antenne subequal; terminal article of flagellum not minute, but as long as pre- ceding one. Post-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment produced. Actoniscus lindahli, new species ACTONISCUS ELLIPTICUS Harger. Actoniscus ellipticus Harcer, Am. Jour. Sci. (3), XV, 1878, p. 373; Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 159; Report U. 8. Commissioner of Fish and Fish- eries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 309-310, pl. 1, fig. 3. Armadilloniscus ellipticus BuppE-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 239. Actoniscus ellipticus UNpERWooD, Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., IT, 1886, p. 360.— Ricwarpson, American Naturalist, XX XIV, 1900, p. 307; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 576; Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., XI, 1902, p. 305. Localities.—Savin Rock, near New Haven, Connecticut; Stony Creek, Long Island Sound; Bermudas; Hungry Bay, Bermudas. **The body is oval in outline. The \ f head appears triangular, as seen from oe. fa ; < ; DS . a above, and is angularly produced in a Cas ) median lobe, but the lateral lobes are also g . Lf 4g large and divergent and broadly rounded. ( ae 2») The eyes are small, oval, black, and “| fas ; prominent. They are situated at the ee 4 ; “. 4 2 eo ye sides of the median triangular part of ( Me 4. the head, and at the base of the lateral [rt a. lobes. The antennuls are minute and fee. OEE oe : ae ry = KY LZ rudimentary. The antenne have the V ( 7 a basal seement short; the second enlarged i> i= te e - - . . (" Fae 4) y distally, especially on the inner side; the a NH third forming an angle with the second \ / SN ROY ‘* - Sy me U and clavate; the fourth flattened-cylin- Ki : ; aa ih drical, longer than the third; fifth long- Fic. 678.—Actoniscus ELupticus est, Slender, bent at base and forming an (AFTER HARGER). X 10. angle with the fourth; flagellum shorter than the last peduncular segment, tipped with sete and composed of four segments, of which the second and third are equal and longer than the first, while the last is the shortest and presents indications of another minute rudimentary terminal segment. The maxillipeds have the basal segment nearly twice as long as broad; the terminal segment elongate triangular, ciliated, and somewhat lobed near the tip. “The first thoracic segment is excavated in front for the head, admitting it about to the eyes. The next five segments are each a little longer than the first, but the last thoracic segment is the shortest. The first segment is dilated at the sides to about twice its length on the median line. The second and, in an increasing degree, the suc- ceeding segments are produced backward at the sides. The legs are rather small and weak and of nearly equal size throughout. | j 4 4 | \ 4 Sec nie bets ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 635 ‘‘The first two segments of the pleon have their lateral processes, or coxe, obsolete, as usual in the family, but the third, fourth, and fifth segments are produced laterally into broad plates, which are close together and at their extremities continue the regular oval outline of the body with scarcely a perceptible break between the thorax and the pleon. This outline is further continued by the expanded basal seg- ment of the uropods, which are even larger than the adjacent coxve of the fifth segment. At the extremity of the pleon both pairs of rami are visible, the inner springing from near the base of the basal seg- ments below, the outer from a notch near the middle of the inner margin of the basal segment. The rami are tipped with sete, and the inner just surpass the outer, which in turn surpass the produced por- tion of the basal segments. ‘Length, 4 mm.; breadth, 2 mm.; color in life, slaty gray.”— Oscar Harcer.“ ACTONISCUS LINDAHLI, new species. Body oblong-oval, a little more than twice as long as wide, 2 mm. : 43 mm. Surface of body distinctly covered with low tubercles. Head with the anterior margin produced in three long lobes, the median one having the dorsal surface concave and being produced as far as the lateral lobes. All three lobes have the anterior extremities truncate. The eyes are small, composite, and placed at the base of the lateral lobes. The first pair of antennze are small and inconspicu- ous. The second pair have the first article short; the second is about twice as long as the first; the third is equal in length to the second; the fourth and fifth are subequal and each is about one and a half times longer than the third. The flagellum is composed of four articles, of which the second is the longest. The segments of the thorax are subequal. The post-lateral angles of the first segment are produced backward in acute processes. The antero-lateral angles of this segment are also somewhat produced to surround the head. The epimera are not distinctly separated on any of the segments. All six segments of the abdomen are distinct. ‘The first two have the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments are expanded so as to continue the oval outline of the body. The sixth or terminal segment is triangular in shape, with apex acute. The basal article or peduncle of the uropoda is large and expanded and simulates the lateral parts of the fifth abdominal segment. The outer branch is inserted at the inner margin of the basal article about halfway between the base and the extremity; it does not extend beyond the posterior margin of the basal article. The inner branch is inserted at the upper inner “Report U. 8. Fish Comm., 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 809-310. 636 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. angle of the basal article on the underside; it is about twice as long as the outer branch, but does not extend beyond the extremity of the outer branch. The legs are all similar in structure and ambulatory. In color it isa reddish brown with wavy lines of a light yellow on either side of the median line. About ten specimens were collected in Oak- land, California, by Prof. Josua Lindahl. This species is very similar to the type and only described species of the genus, Actoniscus ellipticus Harger, but differs in having the sur- face of the body covered with low tubercles; in having the three lobes of the head anteriorly truncate, while in A. e//pticus the median one is acutely pointed, the lateral ones rounded; in having the fourth and fifth articles of the peduncle of the antennz subequal, and the sec- ond article of the flagellum longest, the terminal article not minute, but as long as the preceding one; in having the post-lateral angles of the first thoracic segment produced in acute proc- esses, and in having the sixth or terminal segment of the abdomen triangular rather than rounded. This species is named in honor of Prof. Josua Lindahl, from whom the specimens were received. Fic. 679.—ACTONISCUS LIN- DAHLI. xX 18. iy ad b Fig. 680.—ACTONISCUS LINDAHLI. a, MAXILLIPED. 62. 0b, FIRST MAXILLA. X 62. c, SECOND MAX- ILLA. xX 62. ad, MANDIBLE. X 62. e, MANDIBLE. X 62. The types are in the museum of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History. Cat. No. 16365. 115. Genus ACANTHONISCUS (White) Kinahan. ‘* Body somewhat globose; head rounded; no true median or lateral lobes; a pair of small spurious lateral lobes beneath erbits, arising from production of antennary ring; external antenne (/); internal antenn three-jointed. ‘*Cephalothorax: cox well marked. Abdomen: cox of first and second somite obsolete; third to fifth narrow. | Seis ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 637 ‘*Telson: coxze obsolete; posterior pleopoda (false feet) nearly uncovered; peduncle (basis) somewhat triangular, broad; accessory lobe badly marked; accessory appendage inserted nearly on same line with ischium, flattened, rounded at the extremity; ischium long, sub- ulate. Species, A. spiniger.”—KINAHAN.“ ACANTHONISCUS SPINIGER White. Acanthoniscus spiniger Wurrr, List. Crust. Brit. Museum, 1847, p. 99.—Gossg, A Naturalist’s Sojourn in Jamaica, 1851, p. 65.—KiINaHan, Proc. Dublin Uni- versity, I, 1859, p. 197, pl. x1x, fig. 4. —Buppr-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 241-242.—Ricwarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 569. Locality.— Jamaica. ‘* Body covered over with long spines arranged in a double longi- tudinal row, one spine to each ring. In cephalothorax a second row of shorter spines (two to each ring) on each side at junction of coxze and body. ‘* Head covered with coarse knobs; two minute spines behind; a raised emarginate ridge marks out front. ‘“Coxe of first cephalothoracic somite expanded into a circular lobe; coxe of sec- ond to sixth somite narrow; seventh some- | | what quadrilateral. ‘* Abdominal somites: coxze, first and sec- ond, obsolete; third, fourth, and fifth, nar- row, curved, triangular. pelelsone scondato- panduriorm: apex (S16. 6st Aci N@HoNIscUE/ SPINIGER . ae ; (AFTER KINAHAN). a, TERMINAL deeply notched, its extremities triangular, — gsewenr or anpomen. b, URopon. produced, acuminate; sides of telson deeply incurved at base and then broadly convex. Posterior pleopods: acces- sory filament somewhat flattened; rounded at the extremity, about half length of ischium, and arising from a point distant from apex about a third of total length of peduncle. Ischium long and subulate. Peduncle prolonged as a spine external to origin of ischium. Color: deep chocolate brown black, with lighter patches. ‘* Locality: Jamaica. ‘*The specimen in the British Museum, the only one I have seen, yants the external antenne; but from the fragments of those that remain, and other characters, an aflinity can be traced between this genus and the Porcellionidee. See Remarks on Defo, infra. ‘The form of the telson is unique; the posterior pleopods show an approximation to Veto; but in the absence of the antenn it is impos- sible to speak positively.”—K1INAHAN.@ a b @Proc. Dublin University, I, 1859, p. 197. 6388 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Family X XVI. ARMADILLIDID.¢ Body convex, contractile into a perfect ball. Pleural parts of the head fused. Front of head truncate, marginate; antero-lateral lobes distinct; median lobe wanting; epistome vertical; clypeus perpendicular. First pair of antennz small, inconspicuous; flagellum composed of two or three articles. Second pair of antenne generally short, distant; antennal foramina small. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax; terminal segment short and broad. Opercular plates of the first two pairs of pleopoda or of all five pairs provided with trachez. Uropoda short, flattened, not extending beyond the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment or the lateral parts of the precedingsegment. The young, when hatched, have all seven segments of the thorax present. Mouth parts as in the Oniscide. Legs comparatively short. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF ARMADILLIDIDA. a. Outer branch of the uropoda very small or minute. Basal joint large. b. Flagellum of external antennz with two or three joints. c. Flagellum with two joints. d, Last abdominal segment subtetragonal, base wider than apex, more or less contracted in the middle. External branch of the uropoda inserted in the middle of the internal lateral margin of the basal joint. Coxopodites of first and usually of the second segments distinct from the segments (underside) 2 a SE eee eee Peete Be Genus Cubaris Brandt. d’. Last abdominal segment trapezoidal or subcordiform, narrower at its truncate apex. External branch of the uropoda inserted in the inner post-lateral angle of the basaljoint. Coxopodites of the first and second segments distinct (underside) ........-- Genus Pseudarmadillo Saussure. c’, Flagellum with three joints. Coxopodites of the first segment usually distinct” on the underside. Terminal segment of body very short, rounded or pos- teriorly triangular. External branch of the uropoda inserted in the inner post-lateral angle of the quadrangular basal joint, and extending down- ward. Irner branch reaches much beyond the terminal segment of the Dodiver Sa Raters re ec eee ee Seer eee Genus Spheroniscus Gersteecker. b’. Flagellum of external antennze with asingle joint only. Coxopodite distinct on the first segment (underside). External branch of the uropoda inserted at inner post-lateral angle of the basal joint... - - Genus Haplarmadillo Dollfus. a’. Outer branch of the uropoda large, flattened, lamellar, inserted at the apex of the basal joint. b. Terminal abdominal segment triangular in shape. Inner branch of uropoda conical. All seven pairs of legs present. Seventh thoracic segment with lateral parts well developed ..............---- Genus Armadilliidium Brandt. 6b’. Terminal abdominal segment quadrangular in shape. Inner branch of the uropoda flattened, rounded. Only six pairs of legs present. Lateral parts of seventh segment of thorax not developed. .--.-.. Genus Uropodias Richardson. “See Budde-Lund for characters of family, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 14-15, and G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 187-188. 2. Serr ice ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 639 116. Genus CUBARIS Branat. First pair of antenne very small, inconspicuous, composed of three articles. Second pair of antenne short, generally not longer than one-third the length of the body; flagellum composed of two articles. Eyes composite, small or moderately large. Clypeus very short, with the anterior margin entire, lobate at the sides. Epistome flat, form- ing a continuously straight frontal marginal line. The vertical mar- ginal line reaches the frontal line. ~ First thoracic segment with the epimera posteriorly cleft, often also the second; rarely entire. Terminal abdominal segment tetrag- onal, wider at the base than at the apex, more or less contracted in the middle. Outer branch of all the pleopoda furnished with trachee. Uropoda short, not extending beyond the terminal abdominal segment. Basal article or peduncle large, wide, entire, tetragonal, obliquely produced; outer branch very small, rather slender, inserted at the middle of the inner lateral margin of the basal article; inner branch small, rather slender or rather compressed.“ ANALYTICAL KEY? TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CUBARIS. a. Body tuberculate. b. Second thoracic segment without a distinct coxopodite. c. Coxopodite of the first thoracic segment hardly perceptible as a very small process below the leg. Prosepistoma of head with a shield-like convexity. Apex of telson half as wide as basis. Endopodite of the uropoda extends one-half the length of the telson..---..---- Cubaris tenuipunctata (Dollfus) c’. Coxopodite of the first thoracic segment hardly perceptible, only a feeble ridge. Prosepistoma of head nearly flat. Apex of telson one-third nar- rower than basis. Endopodite of the uropoda extends two-thirds the Leno thwoh unestelsOMera = aaas sacra ms - ese Cubaris depressa (Dollfus) b’. Second thoracic segment with a distinct coxopodite (underside). c. Coxopodite of the first thoracic segment distant from the edge, crested, and ended by a tooth-like diverging process .....----- Cubaris viticola (Dollfus) c’. Coxopodite of the first thoracic segment not distant from the edge and not crested. d. Coxopodite of the first thoracic segment distinct along the entire length of the edge (underside). e. Coxopodite of the first segment divergent on the half hind part. Cox- opodite of the second segment forming a tooth-like diverging process. Cubaris silvarum (Dolltus) e’. Coxopodite of the first segment not divergent. Coxopodite of the second segment large, square-shaped .-......-..---- Cubaris perlata (Dollfus) d’. Coxopodite of the first thoracic segment not distinct along the entire length of the edge. e. Coxopodite of the first segment small, dentiform, and very unequally CCT eee eee rn. Sates ye eee SE Se Cubaris murina Brandt «See Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 15-16. 5 Cubaris californica (Stuxberg) is not included in this key, as the description is not sufficient in detail to obtain characters for synoptical arrangement. 640 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. e’. Coxopodite of the first segment not dentiform, subequally cleft. Cubaris cincta (Dollfus) a’. Body smooth. b. Upper surface of terminal segment of body with a shallow depression on each side, and a small median pit near the base..--..--------- Cubaris gigas Miers 6’. Upper surface of terminal segment of body without shallow depression on each side, or median pit. c. Inner posterior angle of basal article of uropoda widely excavated. Cubaris affinis (Dana) c’. Inner posterior angle of basal article of uropoda not excavated. d. Coxopodite distinct on the entire length of the lateral edge of the first tho- racic: segment. (umderside)/ = 55-2462 see ee eee Cubaris zigzag (Dollfus) d’, Coxopodite not distinct on the entire length of the lateral edge of the first thoracic segment. e. Second thoracic segment with a large square coxopodite, distinet on its total. leneth; (underside). 22 2 eee eceo ees Cubaris dumorum (Dollfus) e’. Second thoracic segment with the coxopodite very small. f. Coxopodite of second thoracic segment forming a tooth-like process. g. Inner branch of uropoda about half the length of the terminal abdomi- nal segment. Terminal abdominal segment with a blunt double tubercle near the base.--..-..--- Cubaris grenadensis (Budde-Lund ) g’. Inner branch of uropoda extends about one-third the length of the terminal abdominal segment. Terminal abdominal segment without double tubercle near the base........------- Cubaris dugesi ( Dollfus) J’. Coxopodite of second thoracic segment not tooth-like. Cubaris pisum (Budde-Lund ) CUBARIS TENUIPUNCTATA (Dollfus). Armadillo tenuipunctatus Douurus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 389. Cubaris tenuipunctatus RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 571. é ba ; en FIG. 682.—CUBARIS TENUIPUNCTATA (AFTER DOLLFUS). @, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). 6b, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UNDERSIDE). ¢, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). eee et ee te A: di eee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 641 Locality.—Mustique Island, West Indies. ‘* Beaten from brush.” ‘** Body rather wide, moderately convex, slightly tuberculated on the pereion. Cephalon: prosepistoma with a shield-like convexity, a little depressed in the middle. Eyes middling; ocelli about 18. Antenne short; first joint of flagellum twice as short as the second. Pereion: first segment with two antero-median rounded tubercles: lateral edges slightly raised; coxopodite hardly perceptible, as a very small process below the leg. Second segment without a distinct cox- opodite. Pleon, telson: pleotelson longer than wide, smooth, with a minute longitudinal wrinkle near the basis; sides feebly curved, the apex being half as wide as the basis. Uropoda: basis nearly straight; endopodite extending to half the length of the pleotelson; exopodite very small, placed near the middle of the internal edge of the basis (upperside). Color: gray, with irregular light markings; the sides are light and minutely punctuated with black. Dimensions: 10 by 43 mm.”—Do..rus.* CUBARIS DEPRESSA | Dollfus). Armadillo depressus DotiFus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 390. Cubaris depressus RicHArpDson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 571. Localities. —St. Vincent, Chateaubelais, West Indies. Fic. 683.—CUBARIS DEPRESSA (AFTER DOLLFUS). @, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). b, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ¢, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ‘* Body wide, rather depressed, eranulated on cephalon and pereion. s ; I 2g } } g Cephalon: prosepistoma nearly plain, fore edge a little arched in the “Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 389. 28589—05 41 642 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. middle. Eyes middling; ocelli about 16. Antenne: first joint of flagellum three times shorter than the second. Pereion: first segment with a wide, double, antero-median tubercle; lateral edges not raised; coxopodite hardly perceptible, as a feeble ridge. Second segment without a distinct coxopodite. Pleon, telson: sides of the pleon depressed; processus of the ifth segment widening at the apex. Pleo- telson longer than wide, smooth; sides feebly curved; apex one-third narrower than the basis. Uropoda nearly straight; endopodite extend- ing to two-thirds the length of the pleotelson; exopodite very small, placed near the middle of the internal edge of the basis (upperside). Color: dark grav, with a narrow light longitudinal line in the middle of the pereion and light lineole on both sides. Dimensions: 9 by 44 mm.”—Do.LFus.¢ CUBARIS VITICOLA ( Dollfus). Armadillo viticola Douurus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 396-397. Cubaris viticola RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 571. Localities.—Grenada, Balthazar, Chantilly, West Indies. Second- growth woods, beaten from vines and brush, 250 feet and 400 feet. ** Body very convex in the middle, rather depressed on the sides, covered with transverse lines of granulations. Cephalon: prosepis- b v 2B Q > 2 Oho oe 2 2 P95 Gute O° D2 Fig. 684.—CUBARIS VITICOLA (AFTER DOLLFUS). @, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). b, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). c, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). toma plain, fore edge slightly arched in the middle. Eyes moderate; ocelli 12. Antennee short; first joint of the flagellum three times shorter than the second. Pereion: first segment with four large antero-median granulations; lateral edges hardly raised; coxopodite distant from the edge, crested and ended by a tooth-like diverging «Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 390, 2s etal lier ees diem At rae Ct La KEN Ty oe aaa See nite eee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 643 processus. Second segment with a narrow crested coxopodite. Pleon, telson: lateral parts of the pleon narrow; pleotelson longer than wide; sides slightly curved; apex one-half narrower than the basis, with rounded angles. Uropoda: basis very oblique; endopodite reaching to one-half the length of the pleotelson; exopodite a little larger than in the former species (C. perlatus), visible on upper and under sides. Color: yellowish, veined, and striped with brown. Dimensions: 9 by 4 mm.”—Do.uFvs.¢ CUBARIS SILVARUM /( Dollfus). Armadillo silvarum Douurus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 393-394. Cubaris silvarum RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 571. Localities. St. Vincent, Chateaubelais; Cumberland Valley, West Indies. Very common under rubbish, forest below 2,000 feet (St. Vincent). - Forest, dry hillside under stones, 1,000 feet (Chateaube- lais). Damp ground, 1,000 feet (Cumberland Valley). (ARN ED) Fig. 685.—CUBARIS SILVARUM (AFTER DOLLFUS). a, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). 6, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ¢, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN AND UROPODA (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). **Body convex, slightly tuberculated on the pereion. Cephalon: prosepistoma plain. Eyes large; about 20 ocelli. Pereion: first seg- ment with a blunt, hardly perceptible antero-median tuberele; lateral edge forming a narrow, raised border; coxopodite distinct on the entire length of the edge and divergent on the half hind part. Coxo- “Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1896, pp. 396-397, 644 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. podite of the second segment forming a tooth-like, divergent processus. Pleon, telson: pleotelson wider than long, with a small, double, longi- tudinal ridge near the basis; sides curved near the apex; apex one- fourth narrower than the basis. Uropoda: endopodite extending to one-half the length of the pleotelson; exopodite minute, placed near the middle of the internal edge of the basis. Color: dark gray or brown, with three longitudiual light lines and a wide spot on the sides of each segment; antenne and uropoda pale.. Dimensions: 16 by 7 mm.”—DOLLFus.? CUBARIS PERLATA (Dollfus). Armadillo perlatus Doturus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 895-396. Cubaris perlatus RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 571. Locality.—St. Vincent, West Indies. Dry forest, leeward, under a log, 800 feet. ** Body convex, covered with large, pearled granulations. Cepha- lon: prosepistoma with a shield-like convexity which does not reach quite to the front edge. Eyes very small; ocelli 3. Antenne short; > 32995 \ DD a Fic. 686.—CUBARIS PERLATA (AFTER DOLLFUS). @, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). 0, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ¢C, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). first joint of the flagellum three times as short as the second. Pereion: first segment with two rounded antero-median granulations; lateral edges raised; coxopodite distinct on the entire length of the edge, but not divergent. Second segment with a large and very distinct coxo- podite. Pleon, telson : pleotelson, nearly as wide as long, with two large, rounded granulations near the basis; sides curved; apex a little narrower than the basis. Uropoda: endopodite reaching to two- “ Proce. Zool, Soc. London, 1896, pp. 393-394, | ISOPUDS OF NORTH AMERICA. 64! thirds the length of the .pleotelson; exopodite unperceivable. Color: | light eray, eranulations whitish. Dimensions: 43 by 12 mm.”— DOLLFUS.“ et Ot i. 688.—CUBARIS MURINA (AFTER e é a Mrers).* a, Heap anp rest tHo- Short and subequal; the third article is CUBARIS MURINA Brandt. Cubaris murina Branp?v, Bull. Soe. Imp. d. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 28. Cubaris brunnea BRanprv, Bull. Soc. Imp. d. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, } Armadillo murinus Mitne Epwarps, Hist. Nat. des Crust., ITT, 1840, p. 179. Armadillo brunneus Miune Enwarns, Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1840, p. 179. i Armadillo cubensis Saussurgn, Mém. de la Soe. de Physique et d’ Hist. nat de Geneve, XIV, ». 28. , 1858, Pt. 2, p. 65. g Cubaris affinis Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc., London, 1877, p. 666, pl. Lxvin, fig. 4. Armadillo conglobator Buppr-Lunp, Prosp. gen- erum specierumque Crust. Isop. Terrestrium, 1879, p. 7. Fic. 687.—CUBARIS MURINA. 4, Armadillo murinus Buppr-Lunpb, Prosp. generum FIRST ANTENNA. X 773. 0, SEC- specierumque Crust. Isop. Terrestrium, 1879, OND ANTENNA. 23. p. 7; Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 27, 28. (See Budde-Lund for syn- onymy. ) Cubaris murinus Ricnarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XITI, 1901, p.°571. Localities. —Pinar del Rio, Cuba; El Guama, Cuba; Guanajay, Cuba; Pueblo Viejo, Porto Rico; St. Thomas; Jamaica; also, Oahu and Honolulu, Hawaiian Is- lands; Brazil; Cayenne; Seychelle Islands: a Sumatra. Found under stones; in damp caves. Body ovate, very convex, and contrac- é tile into a ball, a little more than twice as long as wide, 5 mm.: 11 mm. Head three times as wide as long, 1 mm.: 3 mm., with the anterior margin straight. Kyes small, round, composite, and situ- ated at the sides of the head, halfway be- tween the anterior and the posterior mar- gins. The first pair of antenne are rudi- mentary and inconspicuous. They are composed of three articles. The second pair of antennz have the first two articles ee eens EW Or about three tines as: long as the:second: BODY. ¢, ABDOMEN AND UROPODA. the fourth and fifth are subequal and each isa little shorter than the third: the sixth article is one and a half times «Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, pp. 895-396. 646 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. longer than the fifth. The flagellum is composed of two articles, the first of which is about half as long as the second. The second antenne extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment. The maxilliped has a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The first segment of the thorax is about one and a half times longer than any of the others, which are subequal. The lateral parts of the first segment are produced backward posteriorly, and anteriorly they are produced surround- ing the head and extend- ing to its anterior mar- gin. The lateral mar- gins of the first segments curve slightly upward. There are no epimera separated off on any of the segments from above. The epimera of the first two segments are distinct on the under- side.- They are very small. Those of the first segment do not extend the entire length of the segment, but are repre- sented only at the pos- terior extremity. The abdomen is not narrower than the tho- ‘ax. The lateral parts of the first two segments are covered by the seventh thoracic seg- , / J r : : ment. The sixth, or ter- FIG. 689.—CUBARIS MURINA. d, MAXILLIPED Budde-Lund says that Pseudarmadillo carinulatus has eyes, and that Saussure was in error when he described the species as being without eyes. 28589—05 42 658 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. The first thoracic segment is nearly twice as long as the second, and is densely and thickly covered with tubercles, except on the lateral parts, which are produced backward in rounded expansions. The fol- lowing five segments are subequal and densely covered with tubercles. The seventh segment is a little longer than any of the preceding five segments and has two tubercles, a little larger than any of the other numerous tubercles on its surface, situated on the posterior margin, one on either side of the median line. The coxopodites are not evident from above on any of the segments. On the first two they are present on the under side, being represented in the first seg- ment by a longitudinal raised carina or ridge extending the full length of the segment and terminating in a bifurcate process. On the second segment the coxopodites are also in the form of raised carine or ridges extending the length of the segment. In the second, third, and fourth segments the lateral margins of the segments are drawn out in narrow processes terminating laterally in rounded extremities. The lateral margins of the last three segments are straight. There is one tubercle on either side of each segment on the posterior margin about half- ray between the median line and the lateral margin, which is a little larger than any of the others, those of the sixth segment being most prominent. A faintly raised line crosses transversely the lateral parts of all the seg- ments, with the exception of the first, about the middle. The abdomen is composed of six segments, the first two of which are smooth and short, and covered laterally by the seventh thoracic segment. The third, fourth, and fifth segments are subequal and are covered with tubercles, on each of which is a larger and more con- spicuous tubercle in the median line, the tubercles in the series increas- ing in size from the first to the last, and compressed laterally, and in a lateral view having the upper surface rounded. The terminal seg- ment is triangular, with the apex produced in a truncate extremity. There are numerous tubercles on its dorsal surface, one in the median line being larger than the others; it is as large as the median tubercle on the fourth segment. Posterior to it are two small tubercles, one on either side of the median line. The peduncle of the uropoda is in the form of alarge plate, almost rectangular when seen from below, but from a dorsal view being long and narrow and lying close to the ter- minal abdominal segment and continuing the oval outline of the body. It reaches almost to the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment. Fic. 700.—PSEUDARMADILLO DOLL- FUSI. xX 7. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 659 The outer branch is minute and is placed at the inner post-lateral angle of the peduncle. The inner branch can only be seen from the under side, where it is inserted at the upper inner angle of the peduncle, and extends the length of the peduncle, but does not quite reach the extremity of the terminal abdominal segment. Three specimens of this species were collected by the Bahama expe- dition, August 1, 1904, at Mangrove Cay, Andros. This species differs from 7/7? carénulatus Saussure in having the e a : d € f g Fic. 701.—PSEUDARMADILLO DOLLFUSI. @, SECOND MAXILLA. ™ 513. b, OUTER LAMELLA OF FIRST MAXILLA. xX 512. c, INNER LAMELLA OF FIRST MAXILLA. X 513. d, LATERAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN AND LAST THORACIC SEGMENT. X 93. @€, MAXILLIPED. xX 27}. jf, FIRST MAXILLA. 27+. g, MAN- DIBLE. xX 27}. epimera of the first thoracic segment ending in a bifurcate process, in having in the median line on the terminal abdominal segment one tubercle followed by two in a transverse series instead of one, in hay- ing the tubercle on the fifth segment of the abdomen largest, and in not having the tubercles of the seventh thoracic segment ** triquetres.” The types are in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. Cat. No. 6781. This species is named in honor of Prof. Adrien Dollfus, who has done much work on the terrestrial isopods. 660 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. PSEUDARMADILLO CARINULATUS Saussure. Pseudarmadillo carinulatus SAussurb, Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (2), IX, 1857, p. 808; Mém. de la Soe. de Physique et d’ Hist. nat. de Genéve, XIV, 1858, Pt. 2, p. 485, pl. v, figs. 45-43a.—Bubpe-Lunpb, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 41-42.—Ricuarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 572. Locality.—Mexico or Cuba. Body rugose, tuberculated; the last segment of the thorax strongly tuberculated; abdomen ornamented with a median series of tubercles. Inferior margin of the head forming three rounded lobes, project- ing in front, the median one of which is the largest and a little more in advance of the lateral ones, which are obliquely directed. The uropods are rather deformed. Their second article, seen from below, presents near the base a kind of transverse ridge; it becomes larger toward the end and terminates in a large border, the two extremities of which are rounded instead of forming angles. The in- ner margin of this article is thickened, in such a way as to offer a small surface some- what excavated, and separated from the in- b ner surface by a prominent, distorted ridge. At the base of this surface one sees a little lamella attached to it, which is probably the inner branch of the uropoda. Above, the second article appears in the form of a band, which is placed along the lateral margin of the segment; this band is a little distorted and elevated above, especially at its anterior Fig. 702.—PSEUDARMADILLO CARIN- extremity, where it is also a, little larger; ULATUS (AFTER SAUSSURE). 4, . . . . 7 HEAD AND Fixer eecuenr or 2b 1ts posterior extremity it. forms anvangle, THORAX. }, ABDOMEN AND URO- which is the inner-angle of the mareinior PODA. (ENLARGED. ) : ; : the uropoda, to which is articulated the third article, which is very small. The last abdominal segment is in the form of a truncated triangle, not extending beyond the extremity of the uropoda, and which is separated from them a little; its lateral margins are not straight, but a little sinuated. The body is very rough, all covered with little tubercles, rugose. The head is bor- dered anteriorly with a transverse elevation furnished with a line of tubercles. The first thoracic segment is all covered with rugosities, except at the sides, which are produced backward in the form of a large rounded process, the inferior margin of which is elevated in such a way as to form a concave surface. The other segments are entirely rugose, except on the anterior half, which is smooth for articu- LRO2a> , 82 lation; their inferior extremities are produced backward in the form of narrow processes, a little elevated, less rugose, and carrying above a projecting longitudinal line, which is still to be seen on the third Ce ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. . 661 abdominal segment. The last thoracic segment is armed above with two large tubercles *‘triquétres,” directed backward. The abdomen is rugose and made in the form of a roof; the first two segments are incompletely visible; the following ones are all armed in the middle with a strong tubercle, the last of which, placed at the base of the terminal segment, is the largest. Color, a uniform grayvish-brown. Length, 0.010 m.“ 118. Genus SPHAZRONISCUS Gerstzcker. First pair of antenne very small, inconspicuous, composed of three articles. Second pair of antenne short: flagellum composed of three articles. Kyes small, composite, composed of about ten ocelli. Clypeus straight, not lobate. Epistome flat, forming a continuous frontal marginal line. Vertical marginal line reaching the frontal margin. First segment of the thorax usually with the epimera posteriorly cleft. «The above description is adapted from the following one of Saussure’s: Rugosus, tuberculatus; thoracis segmentum ultimum valde bituberculatum; abdomen serie mediana tuberculorum ornatum. Bord inférieur de la téte formant trois lobes arrondis, saillants en avant, dont le médian est le plus large et un peu plus avancé que les latéraux, lesquels sont dirigés obliquement. Derniéres fausses-pattes abdominales assez difformes. Leur deuxiéme article vu en dessous, offre, prés de la base, une espéce de créte transversale; il s’élargit vers le bout et se termine par un large bord dont les deux extrémités s’arrondissent au lieu de former des angles. Le bord interne-de cet article est épais, de fagon 4 offrir une petite face un peu creusée, séparce de la face inférieure par une eréte tordue et tranchante. A la base de cette face on voit une petite lame accolée contre elle, qui est probablement l’appendice interne des fausses-pattes. En dessus, le deuxiéme article apparait sous la forme d’une bande qui longe le bord latéral du segment; cette bande est un peu tordue et releyée en haut, surtout a son extrémité antérieure, ott elle est aussi un peu plus large; 4 son extrémité postérieure elle forme un angle qui est langle interne du bord des fausses-pattes, sur lequel est articulé le troisiéme article, qui est trés-petit. Dernier segment abdominal en forme de triangle tronqué, ne dépassant pas le bout des fausses-pattes lequel s’en écarte un peu; ses bords latéraux n’étant pas droits mais un peu sinucs. Corps trés-raboteux, tout couvert de petits tubercules rugueux. La téte tant bordée supérieurement par une éminence transversale garnie d’une ligne de tubercules. Premier segment thoracique tout couvert de rugosités sauf sur les cOtés, qui sont prolongés en arriére en forme de large apophyse arrondie, et dont les bords inférieurs sont releyés, de facon i former une surface concave. Les autres segments, enti¢rement rugueux, sanf dans leur moitié antérieure, qui est lisse, pour Varticulation; leurs extrémités inférieures sont prolongées en arricre en forme d’apophyses ¢troites, un peu releyées, moins rugueuses et portant en dessus une ligne saillante longitudinale, qui se voit encore sur le troisicme segment abdominal. Dernier anneau thoracique armé en dessus des deux gros tubercules triquétres, dirigés en arri¢re. Abdomen rugueux, taillé en forme de toit; ses deux premiers segments incomplétement visibles; les suivants tous armés au milieu d’un fort tubercle, dont le dernier, placé sur la base du segment anal, est le plus grand. Couleur d’un gris-brun uniforme. Loneueur, 0.010m.—Saussure, Mém. de la Soc. de Physique et d’ Hist. nat. de Geneve, XIV, 1858, Pt. 2, p. 483. 662 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Terminal segment of abdomen very short, usually triangular. Outer branch of all the pleopoda furnished with tracheee. Uropoda extend- ing beyond the terminal abdominal segment; the basal article large, triangular, entire; the outer branch small, rather slender, inserted at the inner post-lateral angle of the basal article; outer pal Er SS ve : branch long, rather slender, a little compressed.“ ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS SPH ®RONISCUS, a. Body smooth. Terminal segment of abdomen broad and posteriorly rounded, not constricted. First thoracic seg- ment without distinct coxopodites. a Spheroniscus portoricensis Richardson a’. Body covered with little transverse rugee. Terminal seg- / ment of abdomen strongly constricted in the middle and somewhat enlarged toward the outer border. First thoracic segment with a tooth-like lobe on the sides t anteriorly (coxopodites? ). Spheroniscus cacahuamilpensis (Bilimek ) b FIG. 703.—SPH ERONISCUS SPHZZRONISCUS PORTORICENSIS Richardson. PORTORICENSIS. a, AB- DOMEN. b,. UROPODA Spheroniscus portoricensis RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. ENO Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 573. Locality. —F\ Yunque, Porto Rico, at an altitude of 2,800 feet. Body oblong, very convex, con- tractile into a ball. Surface per- fectly smooth. Head set in first thoracic segment; front straight; epistoma forming a triangular shield. Eyes very small. An- tenne with flagellum composed of three joints. First thoracic segment twice as long as head, and longer than any of the other segments. Cox- opodites not distinct from seg- ment. First two abdominal segments with the lateral parts concealed, the three following ones con- tinuing the outline of the body. The terminal segment 18 twice as FiG.704.—SPHHRONISCUS PORTORICENSIS. d, SECOND . MAXILLA. < 512. b, MAXILLIPED. Rend achamdGs broad as long, very short, widely OUTER LAMELLA OF FIRST MAXILLA. ™ 513. d, rounded posteriorly. The basal INNER LAMELLA OF SAME.D) X 513. e€, MANDIBLE. Z < 273. joints of the uropoda are large, aSee Budde-Lund for characters of genus, Crustacea Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, pp. 44-45. b This species differs from all the other Armadillididee in having the inner lobe of the first maxillee armed with three plumose processes instead of two. I have exam- ined several specimens and find that they agree in this character. ei ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 663 square, extending the greater part of their length beyond the terminal segment. The external branch is inserted at the inner post-lateral angle of the basal joint and extends downward. The internal branch extends much beyond the last abdominal segment, is longer than the basal joint of the uropoda, and reaches the tip of the external branch. Color reddish-brown with markings of yellow. Four specimens were taken by Dr. C. W. Richmond at El Yunque, Porto Rico, at an altitude of 2,800 feet. Type.—Cat. No. 23914, U.S.N.M. SPHARONISCUS CACAHUAMILPENSIS (Bilimek). Armadillo cacahuamilpensis Bitimex, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, XVII, 1867, pp- 907-908.—Buppg-Lunp, Crust. Isopoda Terrestria, 1885, p. 40. Locality.—Cave in Cacahuamilpa, Mexico. Found under stones. Budde-Lund suggests that this form certainly differs from Cuhar/s pecause the flagellum of the second antennv is composed of three arti- cles, according to Bilimek. He suggests that perhaps it is nearer to Pseudarmadillo. Inasmuch as the species of Pseudarmadillo recently described, and which undoubtedly belong to that genus, have but two articles to the flagellum of the second antenne, Bilimek’s species must be referred to the genus Spheroniscus, which is the only genus of Armadillidide having the flagellum composed of three joints. Body grayish brown, slightly rugose transversely, head transversely dilated, with the anterior margin raised; first thoracic segment very wide, with a lateral lobe similar to a tooth; last segment of the abdo- men strongly constricted in the middle; uropoda narrow, twice as long as wide. Grayish brown and covered with delicate little transverse rug. Head very broad, three times as broad as itis long, anterior border turned up broadly, but diminishing in breadth on the sides under the eyes and especially behind. Antenna 5-jointed, with a 3-jointed flagel- lum; eyes composed of 14 ocelli. First thoracic segment strongly arched, broadest in the middle, and edged by a delicate border; a tooth- like lobe is formed on the sides anteriorly, in front of which there is found a concave depression; on the back there is a flat transverse depres- sion. Second segment about one-third narrower; the anterior portion is depressed transversely by the overlying anterior segment; the epim- eron, which becomes narrower on the sides, is rounded and turned straight downward. Segments 3 to 7 similar, with the exception that the epimera on the side appears to be more bluntly cut off. First abdominal segment quite narrow; it does not reach to the outer edge; second- fourth continue to decrease in breadth and have a horseshoe-shaped appearance; the fifth is bordered with two lateral lobes and is as long as it is broad at the base; it is strongly constricted in the middle and somewhat enlarged toward the outer border. The legs are 5-jointed, 664 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES. NATIONAL MUSEUM. fourth and fifth joint abundantly covered with spines on the inside. The uropoda are thin, twice as long as they are broad; color of feet and antenne whitish in the dead: animal.” 119. Genus HAPLARMADILLO: Pollfus: Eyes monocellated. Flagellum of second antenne composed of a single article. Coxopodites distinct on first thoracic segment. Cox- opodites wanting on second segment of thorax. Terminal segment of abdomen widely triangular. Basal article of uropoda square, longer than the terminal segment of the abdomen; inner branch as long as the basal article; outer branch minute, inserted at the inner post-lateral angle of the basal article. “The above description is adapted from the following one of Bilimek’s: Griseo-fuscescens, subtiliter transverse verrucosus; capite transversim dilatato, margine anteriori erecto; primo thoracis segmento latissimo, lobo laterali denti simillimo; abdominis segmento ultimo in medietate valde coarctato; pedibus spuriis angustis, duplo longioribus. Long. 9 mm.; lat. 33 mm. Graubriunlich mit feinen Querwirzchen bedeckt. Kopf in die Breite gezogen, 3 mal so breit als lang, Vorderrand breit aufgeworfen, welcher Rand an den Seiten unter den Augen und besonders hinten schwiicher wird. Fihler 5-gliedrig mit 3 gliedriger Geissel; Augen aus 14 Punkten zusammengesetzt. 1. Brustkastenseg- ment stark gewélbt, in der Mitte am breitesten, mit einer schwachen Randleiste eingefasst; an den Seiten bildet sich ein zahnartiger Lappen nach yorne zu, vor welchem ein breiter grubenartiger Kindruck vorhanden ist; am Ricken: ein flacher Quereindruck. 2. Segment um 4 schmiler; die vordere Hilfte der Quere nach eingedriickt yon dem darauf sitzenden Vordersegmente; der Lappenfortsatz an den Seiten schmiler werdend, abgerundet, gradaus abwirts gerichtet. 3.-7. Segment von gleicher Beschaffenheit, nur dass der Lappenfortsatz an der Seite immer stump- fer abgestutzt erscheint. 1. Hinterleibssegment ganz schmal, erreicht den Aussen- rand nicht; 2.-4. immer schmiler werdend in hufeisenfOormiger Gestalt; das 5. mit 2 Seitenlappen eingeschlossen, so lang wie an der Basis breit, in der Mitte stark eingeschnirt und nach dem Aussenrande zu etwas erweitert. Die eigentlichen Fiisse 5-ghedrig, das 4. und 5. stark mit Stacheln an der Innenseite besetzt. Afterftisse schmal, 2 mal so lang als breit; Farbe der Fusse und Fuhler im Tode weisslich. Aufenthalt in der Hohle Cacahuamilpa in Mexico unter Steinen. Von Pflanzen fand ich einen einzigen Pilz, der auf einer dunklen Unterlage den Rand derselben einfasste, weisslich von Farbe 2-3 mm. gross war; er stand an nassen Stellen auf Kalksinter.—Biuimex, Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Vereins in Wien, XVII, 1867, pp. 907-908. Sa. ee ee *wibomeni tee lead ——— ” eT 5 we es "i ee, Ty ab eyes 1 rie ess ee ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 665 HAPLARMADILLO MONOCELLATUS Dollfus. Haplarmadillo monocellatus Douurus, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1896, p. 400. RicnHarpson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XII, 1901, p. 573. Locality. —Richmond Valley, St. Vincent, West Indies. Under rot- ting leaves, 1,100 feet. **Body conyex, smooth, and covered with minute, setose hair. Cephalon: prosepistoma with a shield-like convexity. Eyes mono- cellate, hardly perceivable. Antenne very hairy; flagellum single- ee = Se A \(C I le Fig. 705.—HAPLARMADILLO MONOCELLATUS (AFTER DOLLFUS). @, HEAD AND FIRST TWO SEGMENTS OF THORAX (UPPER SIDE). Db, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). ¢, FIFTH AND SIXTH SEGMENTS OF ABDO- MEN (UPPER SIDE). d, THE SAME (UNDERSIDE). jointed, with a long, stiff hair at its distalend. Pereion: first segment with a very blunt antero-median tubercle; hind edge nearly straight; sides feebly raised forward; coxopodite distinct on the posterior half of the edge. Second segment with no distinct coxopodite. Pleon, telson: pleotelson widely triangular, much wider than long. Uropoda with a square basis, longer than the pleotelson; endopodite as long as the basis; exopodite minute, placed at the internal distal angle of the basis. Color: dark gray, variegated with lighter lineole and irregu- lar stripes. Dimensions: 9 by 4 mm.”——-DoLLFus 120. Genus ARMADILLIDIUM Branat.4 First pair of antenne very small, inconspicuous. Body oblong, very convex, and contractile into a ball. Front of head marginate, lateral lobes rounded. Epistome vertical, forming a triangular shield, advancing more or less beyond the frontal «For characters of genus, see Budde-Lund, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 49, and G. O. Sars, Crust. of Norway, II, 1899, p. 188. 666 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. edge. Clypeus very short, with the anterior margin slightly sinuated in the middle, not lobate. Frontal marginal line interrupted in the middle. Vertical marginal line wanting behind the eyes on both sides. Eyes small or moderately large, distinct, lateral, composite. Second pair of antenne scarcely equal to half the length of the body; flagel- lum composed of two articles. First segment of thorax with epimera not cleft posteriorly. Terminal segment of abdomen quadrangular or triangular in shape, not extending beyond the epimera of the preceding segment. Opercular plates of the first two pairs of pleopoda furnished with tracher. Uropoda short; basal article broad, obliquely quadrate; outer branch lamellar, flattened; inner branch narrow, cylindrical. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS ARMADILLIDIUM. a. Head truncate in front, without median emargination, and not surpassed by the epistome. Outer branch of the uropoda posteriorly truncate. Arinadillidium vulgare (Latreille) a’. Head with a small median V-shaped notch in front, and surpassed by the epistome, which extends some distance in front. Outer branch of the uropoda posteriorly rounded: 22. 424.22 asS2ssSs2- sess Armadillidium quadrifrons Stoller ARMADILLIDIUM VULGARE (Latreille). Armadillo vulgare LATREILLE, Hist. Crust., VII, 1804, p. 48; Gen. Crust., I, 1806, pe (a Armadillo pilularis Say, Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., [, 1818, pp. 432, 433. Armadillidium commutatun Branpt and Ratzesurc, Med. Zool., II, 1830-1834, p. 81, pl. xin, figs. 1 2, 3,785 B. Armadillo trivialis Kocn, Deutsehl. Crust., 1835-1844, p. 28. Armadillo pilularis Goutp, Rep. Invert. Mass., 1841, p. 336.—DkrE Kay, Zool. New York, 1844, Pt. 6, Crust., p. 52. Armadillo ater ScunxntrzLER, De Oniscineis agri Bonnensis, 1853, p. 26. Armadillidium vulgare Buppe-Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, pp. 66-68 (see Budde-Lund, for synonymy).—Sars, Crust. Norway, II, 1899, pp. 189-190, pl. uxxxu.—Ricuarpson, Amer. Nat., XXXIV, 1900, p. 305; Proce. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 574.—Cuitron, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. (2); VIII, Pt. 4, pp. 142-143.—Srouuer, 54th Report New York State Museum, 1902, p. 210.—Pautmrer, Bull. New York State Museum, 1905, pp. 184-185. Localities.—Anderson’s ferry, Cincinnati, Ohio; Norwood, Ohio; Clifton, Cincinnati, Ohio; Columbus, Ohio; Coney Island, Ohio; Mount Auburn, Cincinnati, Ohio; Redbank, Hamilton County, Ohio; Lexing- ton, Kentucky; Aiken, South Carolina; Harrington Sound, Ber- mudas; Hamilton, Bermudas; Washington, District of Columbia; Svra- cuse, New York; Bay Shore, Long Island; Salem, Massachusetts; Charlestown, South Carolina; Providence, Rhode Island; Canton, Mississippi; New Orleans, Louisiana; Lexington, Kentucky; Wood- side, Maryland; Fayal, Azores; Orleans villa, Algeria; world-wide in distribution. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 667 Found on floating seaweed; in moist meadows; under stones; in cellars; under boards in damp soil; in hothouses; under rocks. In New Orleans, Louisiana, this species is reported to be a menace to cucumbers and other vegetables grown in hothouses. It is also said to be injurious to various plants in Fort Worth, Fig. 706.—ARMADILLIDIUM VULGARE (AFTER SARS). a, HEAD WITH ANTENN (VENTRAL VIEW). b, DORSAL VIEW OF FEMALE. ¢, FIRST MAXILLA. d, FIRST ANTENNA. €, ANTERIOR LIP. jf, RIGHT MANDIBLE. g, SECOND MAXILLA. h, POSTERIOR LIP. 7, FIRST LEG. j, LEFT MANDIBLE. k, TIP OF MAXILLIPED. 1, UROPOD. m, SEVENTH LEG. mn, LATERAL VIEW OF FEMALE. 0, MAXILLIPEDS. p, FIRST PLEOPOD OF MALE. gq, ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. 7, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA. s, THIRD PLEOPOD OF MALE. ft, SECOND PLEOPOD OF MALE. wu, HEAD WITH ANTENNE (DORSAL VIEW). v, ABDOMEN WITH UROPODA (VENTRAL SIDE). w, SECOND ANTENNA. Texas; found on date palms, imported from Algeria, at the Depart- ment of Agriculture, Washington, District of Columbia. Also found injuring young cotton near Dallas, Texas. At Berkley, Virginia, it is reported to be one of the most destruc- tive pests with which the mushroom grower has to deal. Body oblong-oyate, rather convex, and able to be rolled up into a ball; twice as long as wide; 8 mm.: 16 mm, 668 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Head much wider than long, 1 mm.: 4+ mm., with the front straight. Epistome projects but little beyond the frontal margin The eyes are small, round, composite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles of the head. ‘The first pair of antenna are rudimentary and inconspicu- ous and are composed of three articles. The second pair of antennze have the first article short; the second is about four times as long the first; the third is about half as long as the second; the fourth is one and a half times longer than the third; the fifth is fwice as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two nearly equal articles. The second antenn extend to the posterior margin of the first thoracic seement. The maxillipeds have a palp of three articles. The palp of the mandibles is wanting. The segments of the thorax are subequal, each being 2 mm. in length. There are no epimera separated off on any of the segments. The abdomen is as wide as the thorax. The first two segments are covered at the sides by the seventh thoracic segment. The sixth or terminal segment is 2 mm. wide at the base and 13 mm. long. — It tapers toa truncate extremity, which is 1 mm. wide. The uropoda are not longer than the terminal segment of the body. The peduncle is not visible in a dorsal view. The outer branch is broad and fills in the space between the sixth abdominal segment and the lateral part of th fifth segment; it is truncate at its posterior extremity. The inner branch is narrow and elongate, but does not ex- tend beyond the extremity of the abdomen. All the legs are ambulatory. as ARMADILLIDIUM QUADRIFRONS Stoller. Armadillidium quadrifrons Srouuer, 54th Report of the New York State Museum,1902, pp. 211-212. Locality.—Schenectady, New York. Found in greenhouses. Body ovate, contractile into a ball; nearly twice as long as wide, 5 mm.:9 mm. Head nearly three times as wide as long, with a small, median V-shaped notch. The epistome is triangular in shape; the broad, basal part being anterior and projecting in front of the head, giv- Fic. 707.—Armapitupiem ing the head the appearance of having a broad, QUADRIFRONS (AFTER Sane te ae quadrate median lobe. The eyes are small, com- posite, and situated in the antero-lateral angles. A groove separates the antero-lateral margin of the head from the antennal lobe, which is large and conspicuous and well rounded. In this groove the antenne lie. The first pair of antenne are small and inconspicuous. The second pair have the first article short; the second is twice as lone as the first; the third is a little shorter than tag AN. pF eh fe 5’ ail i) cd Wead dle’ Se eT ll a hs taalaliae ail aoe oor ew ——— ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 669 the second; the fourth is equal in length to the second; the fifth is twice as long as the fourth. The flagellum is composed of two long, subequal articles. The second antenne extend to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of the following segments, and has the antero-lateral angles produced aS = nae oe aN forward to surround the head, aCe = Ve and the post-lateral angles pro- fs Beats eo lmend duced backward. The epimera — / are not distinct in any of the 7 : segments. The first two segments of the abdomen have the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic segment. The three following segments continue the oval out- line of the body. The sixth or terminal segment is sub-triangu- lar, with sides a little concave and apex rounded. The basal b segment or peduncle of the uro- Fie. (OS ee LEU QUADRIFRONS. a, HEAD. 4 suns * < 144. b, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN WITH poda is not visible in a dorsal gropopa. x 144. view. It is large and somewhat quadrate. The outer branch occupies all the space between the lateral part of the fifth abdominal segment and the terminal abdominal seg- ment. The outer branch is broad posteriorly and well rounded. ‘The inner branch extends to the extremity of the outer branch and to the extremity of the abdomen. All the legs are ambulatory in character. iis Genus UR@GPODITASS Richardson: Head with the front produced ina prominent rounded:lobe. Eyes small, obscure. External antenna, with a flagellum of two joints, the second joint the smaller of the two. First six thoracic segments with the lateral parts lamellarly expanded. Seventh segment as long as the six preceding segments, but with the lateral parts undeveloped, and not wider than the first two abdominal segments, which likewise have the lateral parts or epimeral plates undeveloped. Abdomen not narrower than the thorax, the lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments being expanded and continuing the regular outline of the body. The abdominal segments equal in length and half as long as the thoracic segments. Terminal segment quadrangular in shape, the posterior margin produced in a medium 670 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. rounded lobe. The outer branch of the uropoda is large, broad, flattened, with rounded margins; the inner branch is smaller and narrower, and rounded posteriorly. There are only six pairs of legs, the appendages of the last thoracic segment being wanting. UROPODIAS BERMUDENSIS Richardson. Uropodias bermudensis RicHarpson, Trans. Conn. Acad. Sciences, XI, 1902, pp. 304-305, pl. x1, figs. 59-60. Locality.—Castle Harbor, Bermudas, under stones in dry places. Body very convex, able to be contracted into a ball. Surface smooth. Color uniformly light brown. Head large, produced in front in a prominent rounded projection. Eyes very small, obscure, and situated about the middle of the lateral Fic. 709.—UROPODIAS BERMUDENSIS. «@, HEAD AND FIRST THORACIC SEGMENT. < 62. b, ABDOMEN AND LAST TWO THORACIC SEGMENTS. X 62. margin. The external antenne, with a flagellum of two joints, extend to the middle of the first thoracic segment, and are geniculate at the articulation of the third and fourth joints. The thoracic segments are subequal in length. The seventh segment is abruptly narrower than the six preceding segments, and not wider than the first two abdominal segments. The seventh thoracic and the first and second abdominal segments have the lateral parts undevel- oped. The first six thoracic and the third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments have the lateral parts lamellarly expanded, so that the regular outline of the body is preserved, the third abdominal segment not being narrower than the six thoracic segment, the lateral portions of which extend down laterally beyond the seventh thoracic and the first and second abdominal segments. The terminal abdominal segment is quadrangular, with the posterior margin produced in a median rounded lobe. The uropoda extend but a short distance beyond the lateral parts of the fifth abdominal seg- ioe se ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 671 ment. The outer branch is broad, flattened, and round; the inner branch is smaller and narrower, and posteriorly rounded. There are but six pairs of legs, those of the seventh thoracic seg- ment being wanting. A few specimens were collected by Prof. A. E. Verrill and party at the Bermudas in 1898, and at Castle Island in L901, under stones, in dry places. Type in the Pe: ee Museum, Yale University. Cat. No. 3224. Family XXVIII. SCYPHACID. Head without median or antero-lateral lobes. Front not margined, but continuous with the epistome. Second pair of antenne with flagel- lum composed of four articles. First maxille with the inner lobe furnished with two plumose sete; outer lobe furnished with teeth. Second maxille furnished with hairs. Mandibles without molar process. Maxilliped with masticatory lobe acutely produced; palp elongate, much longer than masticatory lobe, with articles large and not distinctly defined. Abdomen not abruptly narrower than thorax. Uropoda extending beyond the tip of the abdomen; inner branch inserted at the upper inner angle of the basal article. L227 Gemusvs Cy Een GE be ASM ith. Outer lobe of first maxille furnished along the distal half of the inner margin with recurved spines. Inner lobe furnished with two widely separate plumose processes, one at the tip and the other on the inner margin. Second maxille furnished with hairs at the tip. Both first and second maxille Jong and slender. Epignath of maxillipeds long and narrow, acutely produced at the tip. Eyes large, composed of many ocelli. Abdomen not narrower than thorax. Uropoda exposed, both branches styliform. SCYPHACELLA ARENICOLA Smith. Seyphacella arenicola Smrru, Report U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1873, Pt. 1, p. 567 (274).—HarceEr a VeERRILL, Report U. 8. Commis- sioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1873, Pt. 1, p. 337 (43).—Haraerr, Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 157; Report U. i Commissioner of Fish and Fish- eries, 1880, Pt. 6, pp. 307-308, pl. 1, fig. 2. Trichoniscus arenicola Buppr—Lunp, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 249. Seyphacella arenicola UNpERwoop, Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., II, 1886, p. 363.—Ricnarpson, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 307; Bron U.S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 576. 672 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Localities. Keg Harbor, New Jersey; Nobska Beach, Vineyard Sound; Nantucket Island; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; mouth of Choptank River, Dorchester County, Maryland. Found in sand. Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 2 mm.: + um.; surface very scaly, thickly covered with small tubercies, each tipped with a small spine. Head wider than long; frontal margin but little produced; lateral lobes small. Eyes large, round, composite, and placed at the sides of the head, close to the lateral ~ Fig. 710.—SCYPHACELLA ARENICOLA Fig. 711.—SCYPHACELLA ARENICOLA. HEAD (AFTER HARGER). X 12. WITH ANTENNA. X 274, margin. The epistome is continuous with the front of the head, so that the head seems to be produced forward in a triangular extremity which is rounded anteriorly. The first pair of antennz are small, inconspicuous, the terminal article fringed with hairs at the apex. The second pair of antenne have the first two articles short, the a b c ad oh - FIG. 712.—SCYPHACELLA ARENICOLA. d@, UROPOD. x 513. b, MAXILLIPED. 513. ¢, FIRST MAXILLA (OUTER LOBE). »X 512. d, SECOND MAXILLA. X 512. €, MANDIBLE. x 513. jf, LAST TWO SEGMENTS OF ABDOMEN. X 27}. second one a little longer than the first; the third and fourth articles are nearly subequal, and each is a little longer than the second; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of four articles, the first article being twice as long as the second; the articles are with difficulty to be distinguished. The antenne are thickly beset with spines. ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 673 The segments of the thorax are stibequal; the last two have the post-lateral angles produced backward. All the segments of the abdomen are distinct. The first two have the lateral parts covered by the seventh thoracic seg- ment. The three following segments have the post- lateral angles produced backward. The terminal abdominal segment is narrow, produced in the middle posteriorly in a long, narrow process, broadly rounded at the apex. The peduncle of the uropoda extends to the end of the terminal abdominal segment. The branches are of nearly equal length. sf eae Color of the specimens, for a long time preserved — qxxer tone or in alcohol, dark brown, with the margins of the seg- peek eee ments of a lighter brown. oo Five specimens were collected by Dr. 5. D. Judd in the sand on Ram Island, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and are in the collection of the U. S. National Museum. Family XXVIII. LIGYDIDA.¢ Body oval. Head without lateral lobes; frontal margin rounded, and not distinctly defined from the epistome. First pair of antenne with the terminal joint not furnished with sensory hairs. Second pair of antenne well developed, with flagellum multi-articulate. Buccal mass prominent. Mandibles with the molar process large and broad, having a finely fluted triturating surface. Inner lobe of the first maxille fur- nished at the tip with three plumose processes. Second maxillze also furnished inside with two similar processes. Mavxillipeds with the palp composed of five articles; masticatory lobe truncate. Opercular branches of pleopods without trachez. First two pairs of pleopods modified in male; inner branch terminating in a long stylet. ANALYTICAL KEY 2 TO THE GENERA OF THE FAMILY LIGYDIDX. a. Uropoda with basal article not produced in a process at the inner distal angle; branches equal in length. Last segment of abdomen large, with lateral parts WOMEN. ClO pe diss are ree see ey ners Joe iste Genus Ligyda Rafinesque a’, Uropoda with basal article produced in a process at the inner distal angle; branches unequal in length. Last segment of abdomen small, with lateral parts OUSOLCLE AES a5 bi ahs oer sre oe ee eon ener werk ae Genus Ligidium Brandt 123. Genus LIGYDA#@ Rafinesque. 1814 Body oval, or oblong oval; abdomen not abruptly narrower than the thorax. Terminal segment broad, with lateral parts well developed. First pair of antenne with the third or terminal joint rudimentary, nodiform. «See Sars for characters of family and genus. bThe genus Euphiloscia Packard is not included, as it is probably a synonym of Ligidium. 28589—05——43 674 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. Second pair of antenne strong and elongated; flagellum multi- articulate. Palp of maxillipeds with joints rather expanded; epignath rounded. Uropoda with the basal article not produced inside at the post-lateral angle; branches subequal, each tipped with a single terminal spine. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LIGYDA. a. Uropoda long, equal to two-thirds the length of the body or longer. External antennee long, extending the entire length of the thorax or longer. b. First pair of legs similar to the others in the male. .._--.- Ligyda olfersii ( Brandt ) b’. First pair of legs in the male differing from the others. c. Propodus of first pair of legs armed with a long narrow process at the distal end. Peduncle of second antennz extends to posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The second antennze extend in the male to the end of the body ora little beyond. Body loosely articulated. . Ligyda exotica (Roux ) c’. Propodus of first pair of legs in male unarmed. Merus and carpus in the first pair of legs in the male furnished with a row of bristles or stiff hairs. Peduncle of second antenne extends to the posterior margin of the second thoracic segment. Second antennze extend in the male to the end of the thorax. , Body-compact 22222 -s2es.—- Ligyda baudiniana (Milne Edwards) a’, Uropoda not equal to two-thirds the length of the body. }. Uropoda equal to half the length of the body. Terminal segment of the body pointed inthe middle v2 235s =2.2 eee ee Ligyda occidentalis (Dana) b’. Uropoda not equal to half the length of the body. Terminal segment rounded in the middle. c. Branches of the uropoda twice as long as the peduncle. Uropoda equal to one- eighth the length of the entire body from the tip of the terminal abdominal segment. Lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments of the abdo- Men With -distimet, Canines: ss ee ome Ligyda pallasi (Brandt) c’. Branches of the uropoda four times as long as the peduncle. Uropoda equal to one-fourth the entire length of the body from the tip of the abdomen. Lateral parts of the third, fourth, and fifth segments of the abdomen with- Out distinetiearines<-20--4e-2 sa ae eee Ligyda oceanica (Linneeus) LIGYDA OLFERSII (Brandt). Ligia olfersii Branpr, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes de Moscou, VI, 1833, p. 11.— Buppr-Lunpb, Crust. Isop. Terrestria, 1885, p. 268.—RicHarpson, Proc. U.8. Nat. Mus., X XIII, 1901, p. 575. Localities.—Key West and Puntarasa, Florida; St. Thomas; Brazil. Body oblong-ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 7 mm. : 15 mm. Length of uropoda, from tip of terminal segment, 8 mm. Entire length of body with uropoda 23 mm. Head twice as wide as long, 2 mm.:4mm. Anterior margin widely rounded. Eyes composite, narrow, oblong, twice as long as wide, sit- uated on the lateral margins and extending along the anterior margin, being separated in front by a distance a little less than the length of one eye. First pair of antenne inconspicuous and rudimentary, com- posed of two subequal articles and a minute terminal one and extend- ing only to the end of the first article of the second pair of antenne. 3 7 k L * ISOPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 675 The first and second articles of the second pair of antenne are sub- equal; the third article is one and a half times longer than the second; the fourth is twice the length of the third; the fifth is one and a half times longer than the fourth. The flagellum is composed of twenty- eight articles. When retracted, the second pair of antenne extend to the end of the fifth abdominal segment. The maxilliped has a palp of five articles. The first five segments of the thorax are about equal in length; the last two are somewhat shorter. The posterior angles of the lat- eral parts of the last three are produced downward. ‘The lateral parts of the segments are not sep- arated off from the dorsal portion. Fig. 714.—LIGYDA OLFERSII. a, MAXILLIPED. .2222) 225 eee ee 133 CHlMmMant see stehecceee ceee ees eee 545 PIS AM LEMS see eee 130, 132, 133 PAUperatay se sneer een nee eee 044,551: || “Bithynisacanithunus) 222-225 -ee cs eseee ene 507, 559 PUSCLUCNSIS ose. cases ete 544, 545, 551 ODIONISE 6 eG. ete eee 559 PACA Cll dd Sees ase eee nese eee eee ae 2,094, 680: -| (Bopyrellavalpheits a. see -ce cee ere eee 559 ATmadi liam. es 5 see seers 638;'665;'666:)| Bopyxidse 222-2. seeee seco eeeenee see eee 497, 498 commutatum’ 22.2 Sascs eee: 6665)|""Bopy Tina js. so-26 stem acess eeon sae eeeeeee 499, 563 Guadriirons' css. sseeeeece 666, 668 ADO Wl ata; ssaae casei aoe 563 Wilgare =cnc = sete cesoe anaes 666 Jatreuticol aice.s--2- sone sen eee 560 Armadillo saiimisiss2 socee see eee see ee ee 648 GOT AS. 53 sone en nema eee 563, 566 BULGES Se ete eee rae eee Se 666 MTOGATIGISt a. sesso ee eee eae 563, 565 DLUNNEUSt- 2 oak ect eeche ease cis 645 WATbil. 32s asa sees eo eee 564 cacahuamilpensis .......-.:...- 663, || -BOpyrisCusacnocse oe eee eee eee 499, 562 califormicaese:seeecesseasce eee 658 calmamnt, :222-26252+ 2 ete. eee 562 CINCHUS Ss nce sass ce Sse eset ceases 647 ||. Bopyroidea=.. esi s.ce~.< soe - cesar 3,497 CONSIODAtOR S225 eee cece see 645: || “Bopyroides\...-2 ssceccs 52 sce eee ees 499, 566 CUDENSIS's ole. ces cmc aoe ees 645 acutimarginatus 7. as-s2- eee 568, 570 GEPIESSUSis 1. ccclee sce Saas seater 641 hippoliytesss--2.c-teeeee=- 567, 568, 570 Gugesit: 32 Aes owes see oe ose 652 latreuticola! a2. -eesece eee 560 GUMIOLUME 22 see cee ee eee see 650 SAISID A. Ghasct concer 568 SILAS. = seeseere cece eases 643°") IBOPY TUS: (2). .ccee-n cece sree cee ni eeEEeere 554 Srenadensisia..--sonececeseeaee 651 abdominalis:2:2-. 2 -s-ssse aes eesee 500 MMU US 42 Snes ee teem estat = er 645 al phe. nln. case uac ae en eee 559 perlatusy.<.22aneecisere- aac seces 644 hip polytes.a.%ss2cesse as SG Saree 567 PINWIATIS Es = Jo Sees eee see 666 latreutes: vcssss 5-2 sees eee 560 DISUIN: ha sao meses es asec ae 653 MANN ACENSISE so-so ee eee ee pd4 Silivarluilties nace emeceasncee sss eceee 643 MY SidiumMP= a5 dS oc ace eee ee 73 SPCCIOSUS. c:.4re-. cece. Oem ere 653 paleemonmeticola ..<.cnc-ecerc seen 554 teNUIPUNCtALUS=5-<-c.a2 scenes ace 640 pandalicola, His ooo 88, 128 A Sellid se Ao eee cine trias eee 408, 409,410 | Brevoortia patronus..........---..---.....- 231 Asellodesialta .on02scacns secscwscece asesescrr 475 GYTANMMUS |. 20s scee se ese eeene 231 ASelloid ears soca. Det cosh ee eave ce cuesemeee 3,,408:.|) (Ceecidoteaos.c- 5 oo accinacee ceeciocsces 409, 410, 433 ASElIOPSISTEME ) Sacer ecco = cls eeeesienee 415 = microcephalas:: 3-225. ssccee meee 434 ASCIIOUS . iacnts see ne eens 139, 145, 154 UUIGESTI=,s sats} =.2'at pace aneeee Soon 358, 354 occidentalis.cs. 22-5... 141 CTT reaper re carta yc aan eae 271, 299, 307, 308 UTUNLCAUA a ct ae omnis oa ccre weiss 145 GALIN ata see one caeaeetes es ciae 309,319 | _ LET Pr se Oe a re aes 154 Cad ataeeeaaeeeseee DIGUSNGRoOGn also Ow COTAILAMICS). 222 = oc sees cee enackecicm cern 55, 156 pillianacestecs-cec sc ecce- SUS}; COLY P USN A xs Soc sc ae pec mamack a wowace mana a 234 COTO ATE 27 iste jsrsacienee Nemes S08; SLOSS | Cracoalascensis=. --- = oa. .502-2-9- =< 545, 546, 547 PUTS lmepses ale scares cise a ra/ar= 309, 313 ClON Later seme nascen cat DAD Ost STAM OSE tac seis siemens aa re oe 308, 309 FLL ee ee cea ere er ee eee 546, 547 IMVSUDLKs ons iecerteelateceyeacseciaie ere 308 COMMIUNISI is Fo seieate oes gaelic. ew cio 546, 547 Natreilliv. sac skee ecm ooc sete eneee 308 dallign tess ose Oe a Se ee ee 545, 547 MMOL AIG Bienes eek eee eee 308, 309 PLATICISCOTUM eee see ae eee as 551 BCUID tas 2 eon sees Sermets etcees 309, 318 angustimana........ 545, 547 SPUNULOSA os Sse sete cess needs see ne 308 ANITA eee = eee eee seen LOND L (ir aim Ae ene are-s 0 Se se ceaitee Goatees 82 MIST CHU seem sse cree eye Sa ecete cise = 547 UL IG Areas =) aS eis ores 84, 114 WMisromacuilataa. asec aemce se sls se 546, 547 DOrealisee ssc <5- 82,83, 101, 102, 105, 107 PLOPINGUMis: emesis =see cscs eee en 547 GeTROMMIG Biers aca ctaiem clon eissele os ei sieie in LOOM Crane Ol = eke merece mea cae ease Serta 559 Ghiltonie east ee toes - cin ecte 83, 91 HETCLOGM Se eva a ese 559, 560 Conchanimp etna sees $8:95-|| Crossumus/yibtatus...2-0.---++--6--scee--e- 8 CUDENSISi aeons tase aes ewan s Staats Cnume gan Sacer ecrec =a ic rele la aie aisle oeme 79 SVACMIS aon uate a sees ses ees Sa slOb eA Crypto Cres. spit eciaae oat asvecem erie oe 2 499, 520 PATLOLA eee caer oe aces 84, 109 ClOM Pata ea ace aasaes sectse meses 520 TDA PLC SSA fe nminin stellate ams eres as S549 7h CIID LOCO DO terete cars feratasats oisielatsrers: ate aoeraleeeieate i oy 4, 16 JADONICAs ccs =i= 2 Da winleseceiesieis 85, 86 AN CULC RE celal areata ee eee ete 16 lim SUnONS acne ee css eee ae Sano0)s || CLyPtOMIsClGse = se ses) =\2 oe perce ele ae 497, 577, 582 MAV OTA sete. c cama ose eromincee ee Sond MOMOATSsslcce sees ino emai eerie 638, 639, 654, 663 NYU te ar=se ete co src te aie Sis ole wieicistete aie 83, 92 Sin Seeeene Sos Soak eoeme eS 640, 645, 648, 654 MeCPICCIRG ss osahcc sede scose sees 105, 107 DUNN Ciscoe es sean eeceenco matinee 645 ObtMunesitas = sas 5 2ee She ara eeta 84, 108 CaliLOTMIGA ses sess cease 639, 653, 654 ALY sie see cae aslo cae aeae 84, 92, 93, 94, 111 Gincta eva: acees ce ecen eee aes 640, 647 DOULA ee teens ssa lrecnyace sie ee tee 83, 99 GEPressa yt sa2 5 cc ehtack nose see ee 639, 641 SPUSrOmMIfOLNIIs) - seas b cose see 82, 84 GUGOST ER es sheer see Some eeciaes 640, 652 BPSD peSes ete Reva oe ok. eee aa OI dumoriumiese aseote es seeoeeee 640, 650 LUT UD entero cieloreicrsiannsiaeiaiee 161 PAPAS Ss aiema icra are a maaeisine ersleio es ete(Aaic 640, 648 GirOlAMiGse erin ae « seers cecr-eiaaeonwlee Se jajelacte 2,50; 81 GTENAGeNSISe= 2 -450-femse sce ase 640, 651 GINQIANIGES ie acres ste. Saag State a lolaeia/atmte 82,120 | TRUGI dienes oe eto aeienese 639, 645 TORONSIS! 2 genet seieeias nis seic 120 PeLlAtUSi se ke esiaiasinceceises 639, 643, 644 Citharichth ys SOvdid a. ee. aeiciae|taiscis ese ae 250 ISU eee ae ee ose ee neko 640, 653 CIPAIIIISt Hae een. ae ces soecinbicne oclee ee sces 347,404 | SilveamUmeeeete- soe gare selec wis 639, 643 NEMA once ea .s ete 404,407 | SpeCiosUusseeen ee i=— se aaerants Sree 604 dimearis foes lacc ses eetews aes catc cee 404 LEMUMT PUN Chat, seme. ee ee inte ee 639, 640 occidentalis asc eteoes ances 404, 406 Vit COlMFe herr to clas cee seace a senee 639, 642 MlAMicwud ar sacrioes tes oo ee ee ar 404 | WAL ZO eelos so ees cee coe eee 640, 649 Chipanamus tricolor os. -csecc ce seeeeeseee 586, 537 Oystbure) 5: Fea tee oc cee ccenresecemncains 63 GEE ONISCUS'.<- 2-2 wet ome se omens 577, 579, 581 Carinatner tece. 22 ccc sec te acene 63, 64 MANSONI <4: - Gnas 2 seetia ciao tes BS2e eOliSul CUS Bees cSaatelee Side siete arcloe’s eaters 593, 609 meinertice << <Munnida/quadrispinas222:.s.02-5--eeee ees 519, 527 StIMPSO MN A e553 e ce nese See eee 682) |) “Mini ees: es gece seee eases 408, 409, 479 ISTO cs ae eee eee eee ees 673;,686) | Munn oOpsidee ses: ¢seno.- 4: esse 408, 409, 485, 486 OTACHIS = poe eee eee ee 686,690. *Munnopsisis .-ocs2-essacce sees s. See ee eee 486 INV MO MUM ees = faeces cise 686 ty pIGa St ao ce ae ee reeeeeee 486 lonPicamd stunt, 25.5 se sees. 686°689" | Miyliobatis.22q2cecon- 22h sacle ie eee 221 COMUC ees Jonna ieee 2 Soe 686,688 | Mysis oculatas...<. 22255 Ss 22 2. eee eee 573 Ibi gaya eis cee ae eeee sia Sislsiet valde the aac 6733 674. | IMiy tilusin oso Faas -evic sce cacao eee 373 DAUGINIAN A... mame ttaeeeeee ee 674,678 | Myxocephalusiscorpius:.:./--s2sccamceeetes 169 OXObICA ota eee Ae ers 6749676" | WNieesai ae. 25 2b s co deci acae seen ee ee a eee 308 OCCIG EMH Se eee e ae cee eee 674, 681 CoG aita 2 oe c aes a esse eee eee 314 OCCADICR 2 asc ace ASsinelsee eae 674, 684 GEPressal eras 220: Soe ates ea ee eee 271 OMLCTSH ark sc acter vee meee eee eee 674 OVAlIS| 225-2... 525.228 2.52 ee ee 27 Malas. Ht as se ees acts eee es 674682") sNalicora,. 2222 35,220 seo eee ee Cee 156, 163 Tig y Cid ee ee ascents geen to eee ae 584, 673 TAP AX 255 eS Se ae ae 164 (SIMMNOTIA ences et ae oe eee ese 268 | Nectocrangon alascensis ........--..- 545, 546, 547 californica, st=2. 222s. ate sees 269 CUASSBIS. anon see ese 545, 546, 547 LIP MORN eta ete eee 269 dentata ssa... c2 sees eae 546, 547 LONEDIANS Hoos. ota e ope eee eee 269 lar... 2222 5222522282040) 4675470 AUN CIN AGH cece ee) e Soosee ee eee 269 MISTICAUC A=... 2 seca see 545 GUI OV S32 cate aerse cree Seer ee 55, 268 OVATCR 2 22 ses oe eee 545, 547 LAV ONCCRia2 5 aed ce cee ae eee 215, 216,256 | Nematocarcinus agassizii.................-- 520 CaLILOLMI Cae sean ee eeeeen 256,260) MNeotamais:-sn..2222: sac nee ee sae eee eee 4, 32,35 GeSMATCStIl 22s. seks eneeeieee eee 261 AM ETICANUS - tec. eee eee 32 OVGMS:. 2.2 ce acs aciees 6 seis eee. 257, 263 hastiger=.2 222. ee eee 32, 35 PANAMENSIS-2.525-ceee eee 256, 257 Serratispinosus:. ..- 593, 611, 612 OplioGgonveloneatusess.ce.. ce vosheeee sen ie 258 anmaaiuiloid esas. se oe eee 609 OSUPE RUS MOTE Mee. acann eae 2 oackions aes 364 AZCCCUSR ate eee ne ent Ae oe 614 PN SUnUs ON SICATpUS!- 22. 2-ceeece cot as = ccee 532 ran Gite ese te aoa 621 OCDOUENSIS Gane eee oe ener ee 523 CINCTASCEN SS eee ee ener eae 614 Re BIC ENS CYNE co ereteieiseinie rahe SIE eee Soe eee DOD aT, COMVEXUS: es --.-§ a3.Bees Sees one 609 Orrell esses eee eee 2d DoD O2OD 27, COUN Set ere eer eee ee aes 614 eile ONE LCSE ames 1.0 cbc nae eaeh c cmies dod CUDENIS Seer ser eee oan aay 614 Emilipestay. accutane eee ce eee 555, 556 Ger een niece ne see tater teen 614 VATU nLS one as te ye eee 5d4 Gubiusee 2tecceee ee ee eee: 614, 621 AIC OMIM tS seat iasece : ai<\nj > cee ae nee kec ec. 4,5 CUGEICUSE A eae ete sane See eeeine 614 CALIFOTMIENSIS: fs. ces) ccna 5, 582, 583 TETLUSINCUSE See eee oe eee ee 617 AUC ALOPSISGISPAe se ese <5 alec cca ces ~ nee 569 FOLMVOSUS eee eee ee 612 AIA LUS|HOLCMIS secre cease seas o es = 500, 501, 569 PLOULO US ee ee cree y hoe ens 627 DORCAS Geese ss 570 PEMIMU ASUS ecco cease eee 621 leptOGenUs tess see ses- ooo e sie 500 MAMI GUS ye cere ere ers ee 621 MONCAS Ula yn eee 500, 502, 569 TOLSKCUT sere aes eee eg ae eee 627 ATUL NIVEL C Laren syceicteras ee sees oe see ae 271, 305 Lee VAS ese. eat ee el pee 609, 612, 614 DENIAMeNSISiaa- see eres 305 Mma CuUlLIGOLNIS eee eee eee 627 Paralabprax clathrataa-secs-s 2 so cess ceo 221 meélanocephalus-.--2..-.-.:-5_--- 619 PAIATUON UNE setae Semmes ae ne ee 221603 70009 CI CANS eee nee tee eee 614 ALCUCH Ro Sot eene eee meee se 72 TMUEK GUS; ee eee ene see eee sa 619 TOU GI PWIATA, eee aoe eee 75, 76 MONS ZUM a acter e eee eee 622 MOLWELICH eo reece epee ecw ee 72 MU PTS eee uaa Cee cee eee eae 621 ECC ii eee Cee ee pee ee 75,77 OV ATUSErcnjoos ste eee nae ee one mes 614 AIL PSEUCL CSR eereae = tis oc are aerate es are ee 37, 47 DALVIGOLINS= a2 cee eee eee eee. 612, 616 SOOGEI =n ere eoen See eee 47,48 PAWIENSCSE. o-e teases eee ae ee 622 Tabi ON Shae eae eee oe ec 48 DIC LUSH ASes Ceseee ee eae aa ee 619 RPeUR EU CLM erase ne Mista areal @ = ae rashste Gere Sete 499, 551 DOC cers cere ey eee ae 614 OTM E sere eee ee eee 551 PIUMOSUS come ee eee 627 IEA SC LUC seem eet cee See ee Le 408 TACO KCl see ee ae eee ee 612,617 Paratanais algicola...............- Bis user 26 SCAIDCT retann cee eee 612, 621, 622 CCR eE ee aoe cee ee ene 18 SOXTASCIAUUS) perme ese eee 629 MUA COLE eee ect e nae Soe 21 SPIICONOIG ee eee eee eee ee 612,619 SELON eee er ree apr ad 26 SPIMIVONS I sseeee earn ee eee 609 IRSINtL GOLA neremcmeten «tase oo cel sce ewe 346, 368 SEMIAHUS eee. Sane noe anne eats 617 ESC Callen merrsee teers nee ae 368, 369 SWUIMECHIaShl peaen ee eee. eae oes 614 BUCMOPS sae ete nes cle cs oe e/ceee 369, 875 SYMIACUS Seneca ea eee eee 614 WNELE Me oats cites Shoe eee OOSoTO LCULAIN COG Ssee erties ae eenes 617 WOSHIESODSKaT 8 Soe oe ee 369, 370 erilin eatus:,1 see eo cee 617 Petrolisthes'sexspinosus: =~. 22 22. =-...'s5..0. 531 UELVAULR LUST ocee oe eee 617 IEHTLOSCiaise see ee lessee ae 25) 92)6025603;608692 TUN CETUS Be Saree eae) eae ents 627 DermuUdensis’ss..4-e aes. ee eee 603, 607 URDICUS Ase ae eee ere eee ee 614 DLGVICOMMS eee eres eset ese 603, 606 ZEA GiCUSHcecssne seer e Tee 627 COUCHIber essa ncmocema. Sboooese oes 608 | Porcellionides flavo-vittatus ............... 627 CHULE Te once eee aes 605,600. Me ranize Cenneas- +s csc sees see eee ee 59 LUFT UCL) 5a he 6035608 | Priacanthus arenatus .-..-.2-.-2.222..2.... 254 MICO MON GIeeeeryr eee ja cesne 6035 | MEmiSWs SeMISHeittatIs sess ena see 263 SOM BORE, Soe ona a ee oe 608; 608s RErObOPY TUB cee ee os eee 499, 553, 562 TUPCRE WIRTH sae wee ches sca ce 621 PINs ee ee eee Oe ee 553, 559 Vii uiSeyec ee po eee ces ce 603, 605 bithiymis S55 s8o eee te Se ODS TOT) 726 INDEX. Page. Page. Probopyrus florid ensis<.s.5-.--2s.0+-2---¢ 553,055 | Spheeroma oregonensis...........-..--.-..- 296 latreuticolay casas a= saeee ene 553, 560 DENLOMOMY ee aes =e eee 280, 286 palemoneticola .- 255-222 5--2- 554 quadridentatums =: ss-eeeoen: 280, 281 pandalicola:...-22- sce ccctcae 000,004 THOM pUn UM ss ene reer eee ee 290 IPLOGAJUS See amaces ec cose ee st eie -cee eae ees 575 Sie bolgtie = 5-25-55 sayeeeeeeeene 287 BroOmicrops Se Wotatuse nc. ae -ce tee eeeeaiee 221 CEM e bran sie. 22 ka ee eee 282 Pseudarachnaria-cc.c ca. seesce=: Spine nrereeress 408 thermophilum)s-.as550e erase eee 294 Psceudarmadillorsssos he see eceoee 638, 654, 655, 663 VaSbAlOl: ss. co0 eee eee eee 284, 285 earinulatus....-.- 655, 657, 659, 660 YUCa tami eee oa ee 291 Gollfusit pose ee sees eee 65546575 | (Spheeromideess:sses.e ee ie as oe eee eee 55, 270 gillianus.. cessor ase see 6552/2 Spheroniscuss ¢-¢-.se ee see 638, 661, 662, 663 PSCudione Aste ocd feiss sce seer 499, 522, 523 cacahuamilpensis. ........ 662,663 GUTtA Ta aes 235525 sae Sees 523, 530 portoricensis”. 22-5 eerste a= 662 FULRCALE . 2.2. 25.ssesessteeo2.-2- 023,029") Spherililo siimisiy: 2.2 eee. eee eee eee 648 galacanth’s ~< 28-22 425c23-2eee5 523,027 | Spheroidessmaculatus:.2222c425-see eee 220 SIGNAL Aas ecce geen Je eee eee 523? | (SphyTapUS!.z-- -o-msecsiee aan eee 37,50, 51 Pseudotriacis microdom:.24:-ces bse a= see 95 malleolus sh2c2 2252s seer eee 52, 54 Prerelas*webbils access cee ose eoe essere 175 tudes fo. yaoi Bee eee eene 53, 54 Rtilanthurec 225 ee aceon eeeeereSsee 63;.66 || Spirontocaris‘arcuata... 22.2.5. a eee 569 PenUWiS.2 S42. 5 cee esecsasseeee 66, 67 DIsSpiN OSAee =e Steneee eee 502, 569 Rhinoryctes mirabilis 2.2250. sconce sec 594 IDLO SUS eee sao ee 502 Rhoealatirons: 22 2.2 eons cwece ees eee ee 48 DYeVILOStrisy: ss. - eee ee tee 569 IRVSCOtUS Uae See eee eee ee 593, 630 fabriclivase: pees eee 501, 568, 570 CUPSUETONSD seen acces ceescee eee 631 PaimManrdil S256 ee 500, 502 TROGIME] A 22 fo ook cin Doane wae AE aa Bae 166, 190 belchericy.-s {sen ea. 501 STASCOMSIS Ss aes ne ane ne ae ie 199 PiDDa sees wesc eee eee 500 GMVCTICAN dee. oe oe ee eee oe 190, 201 groenlandica.:.23.4c eee eet 5OL AMP UStAULA= se. se eee eae ee 191, 204, 206 MeTAMANI _ssc2 ack eee eee 570 UTLCS Sas cao. s ee ace eae eee 191, 210 liljeborpil..222 =. essseeeees 500, 568 belliceps:. ..-2<.:... SEAS e ee Sec 190, 199 macrophthalma 2. sos eesee 501, 502 GOMnUtaeses eee eee cee 190, 192 PHIppSil S25 see eee 500, 502 CUPONSIS? o2o-~es ee nites oes he 190, 197 polaris ..... 500,501, 502, 568, 569, 570 GQUIMER is) a2 se esac eee 190, 195 PUSIOND), <0 sa2coeceieeeecenee 500, 568 INSUIATIS 22 cheese ee ee asses 190, 194 SPINUS\s2-5 222 a 500, 502, 568, 569, 570 laticaudasactessesaesecaose 190, 204, 206 suckleyise: 2222 501, 502, 569, 570 Wi ebOrglt. aes ease aoe ae 919 LOWDSENGIE. - cence ae 501, 592, 503 MACUIAtH 5.6 Asese ance aes ee 190, 198 tridiensiacse.: ose angeriace ee 501, 502 MOM eS tah asses heen ae eee ee 907 * Squilla asellsstece scenes aoe aeseeceetes 428 Ocul ata: Banas ance ar teen conan 190, 191 entomOn ss: 24.5.0: sande eoh ome 348 PLOPOGIANISacan eee ce Soc ee 190208 | A Stegias: c25.006 os Gaeinee See aecce en eeereeeee 499, 535 Sign alae ecccsses eee cae eee 191, 209 Clibamarili. ss. 2228 -coca: ose ieee eee 536 GU DeTCWIOSA sense cee seas 191° 208") Stegophrryxusy sce. -ssoses-c ase eee 499, 531, 537 (?) Sadurig entoOmom... 2.2 sceccncee ese Secee 348 hyptius..2-.sse—6 a S=aadteains 532, 537 SCHIZODOG feats ee eee ee nee 497, Steindachneria,.2t- 22) o2 see eee ee 258 SCISSTI An ata eis one een netate eh ero eee 909 It: Stenetrildee:. ...c<.0.2502sbeeee seas eee 408, 489 Sclerocrangon proCax...-.>..:=<..22....-2- 5bii- | “Steme GUM 32 seco cee eee eae 440 Scorpemaycubiata. oo. .2c see es ees tae 221 amtillense <<. 23-3. eeree eee 440, 446 Scuteloide@dc s<..05.2.0 82.2 sees Scere ce 272 occidentale......- 440, 441, 446, 447, 448 Scyphacellla #52. 210-8. een senes eetens se 671 S@rra tun! 25.2 Je see sees eee 440 OTEMICOMen ss geese cae acesiccen se 671 SteDpDIMN Ss secs ese tee 440, 444, 446 Scyphacidtes:: -f