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BUSINESS
ANNOUNCEMENT

INDIAN HILL FARM MILK IS DELIVERED TO CONSUM-
ERS IN WORCESTER EACH MORNING, AT A RATE OF
NINE CENTS PER QUART AND FIVE CENTS PER PINT.

BABY MILK FROM SELECTED THOROUGHBRED HOL-
STEIN-FRIESIAN COWS, BOTTLED UNDER SPECIAL SEAL,
DELIVERED AT A RATE OF ELEVEN CENTS PER QUART
AND SIX CENTS PER PINT.

EGcs AND POULTRY---BROILERS, ROASTERS, CAPONS---
DELIVERED AT PREVAILING MARKET RATES.

PURE STRAIN, SINGLE-COMB WHITE LEGHORN AND
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCK DAY-OLD CHICKS, BREEDING
AND LAYING STOCK SHIPPED DIRECT FROM FARM.

A
Address all communications to

INDIAN HILL FARM, Inc.

5 LAKEwoop STREET, WORCESTER, MASss.

OFFIcE TELEPHONES, Park 3702 aNd CEDAR 1039-M.
Farm TELEPHONE, CHARLTON 4-2.
Farm Post-Orrice, Donce, Mass.
RaILrRoaD AND EXPRESS SHIPPING POINT, CHARLTON DEporT.

Playmates

6sAND now that the days are hot and long,
And the city writhes in heat and pain,
I hear the children’s laugh and song,
The smell of the hay comes sweet and strong—
It is good to go back to the farm again.’"—GREENLEAF.

PUBLISHED BY
INDIAN HILL FARM, INc., WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS

COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY
GEORGE M. WRIGHT

THE HARRIGAN PRESS, INC.

JUL 181916 Ooclaa37117

THE STORY OF A FARM

ee : | 4HIS is the story of a farm in
INDIAN HILL FARM. = the heart of Central Massa-
coun tau chusetts, nearly a thousand feet

above the level of the sea, graced
by the winds that breathe through
forests of pine and hardwoods,
overlooking vast stretches of wood-
land, field and waterways. It is
a farm which has not lost sight of
old traditions, yet a farm which
has followed the advance of sci-
ence in making its products whole-
some. Cattle, whose ancestry dates
back to the days of the ancient
Friesians, graze here in abundant
pastures through the summers and
live winters of content in the shel-
ter of the most modern housing.
Sheep of old English lineage forage in the brush-land, advance guard
into new pastures. ‘Thousands of white-feathered fowl send forth
their gladsome calls from the extensive poultry houses and ranges.
Gaily-plumed pheasants, which seek to hide their fashions from the
eyes of mankind, rear their young here for life in the neighboring
woodland covers. Generous acres, teeming with golden grain and
sweet-scented hay, await in season the reaper; orchards bloom and
bear; gardens yield their bounty to the hand of the farmers. Men
trained to a high mark of efficiency toil here, always guided by the
rule that cleanliness must dominate all. It is a farm of two hundred
and fifty acres in the northern part of the town of Charlton, Worces-
ter County. It is called Indian Hill Farm, because in the days of
the red man’s power in New England, here was a meeting-place for
Massachusetts tribes. Here they raised their fields of maize, and
left their stubble to be found in the soil when the white man built his
first dwelling here, nearly two hundred years ago.

SUNSHINE STABLE YARD

66AND far away shall rise
The drowsy low of cows, and farm-yard cries.’.—DAvIDSON.

Indian Hill Farm, Incorporated, is the result of the ideas of
George M. Wright, Mayor of the City of Worcester, 1913, 1914,
1915, 1916; president and general manager of the Wright Wire
Company, with factories in Worcester and Palmer; president
of the Park Trust Company of Worcester; and chairman
of the board of directors of the New England California
Corporation, which owns a large ranch in San Joaquin, California,
raising olives, almonds and pears for Eastern markets. The farm
is not in any sense a toy, but a real scientific enterprise conducted
under sound business principles, aimed to reach the highest mark in
the production of milk under the most sanitary conditions, and the
raising of high-class poultry. Mr. Wright has long been of the mind
that pure milk is not the dream of an idealist; and confident that a
farm subjected to the most rigid requirements of modern sanitation

could be established and maintained, he is now demonstrating that

belief on Indian Hill.

Dairy Power PLANT

“SWE flee away from cities, but we bring the best of cities with us.”
—EMERSON.
Scientific The primary principle of the scientific dairy is that
Dairying of keeping milk free from contamination. Indian Hill
Farm is conducted on the hypothesis that milk was
never intended to see the light of day, for, under the normal method
of nourishment, the milk coming directly to the young, there is little
danger of contamination. When artificial methods of drawing milk
and transporting it are resorted to, dangers and new conditions arise.
Milk then comes in contact with the air and various receptacles and
apparatus, and thus may collect particles of dirt and foreign matter.
The problem of securing milk as nearly as possible to the state in
which it exists in the udder is one that must be met by every con-
scientious dairyman. It is the problem of reducing contamination
to the least possible factor. The first contamination is likely to begin
with the process of milking, and from then on it may take place until
the milk is consumed. Under the Indian Hill Farm system, from
the instant it is taken down from the cow, until it is delivered at the
consumer’s door, the milk comes in contact with nothing that is not
as clean as human agency can make it.

SUNSHINE STABLE

ce HERE the cow is, there is Arcadia; so far as her influence prevails,
there is contentment, humility and sweet homely life.’—BURROUGHS.

Sunshine Sunshine Stable at Indian Hill Farm, completed in
Stable 1915, is a scientifically arranged housing for cattle,

of concrete and stone construction, forty by one hun-
dred and fifty feet in dimensions, providing commodious quarters for
sixty-five cows, bull and calf pens and a maternity ward. The
cattle stand on flooring of cork brick, a non-conductor of cold.
They drink from individual bowls, each fitted with a valve, which,
through the pressure of the animal’s nose, causes the bowl to be
filled with pure spring water. Windows are so arranged in the walls
and roof that sun shines on every part of the floor during the day,
hence its name Sunshine Stable.

The system of ventilation provides circulation of pure air and
removal of foul air continuously without there being draughts upon
the animals. Pure air enters from the outside through flues built in
the eighteen-inch walls and is released in the center aisles of the stable
in front of the cows, while impure air passes through ducts in the
rear, and is released through stacks in the roof. These ventilators

EXAMPLE OF UNSANITARY BARN WHERE MILK 1s PRODUCED

66°THE old, swallow-haunted barns,
Brown-gabled, long, and full of seams.’—WHITTIER.

are regulated by a shaft lever, thus being in complete control
in all the vagaries of the weather. There are thirty-six square
inches of inlet and outlet for each animal, or about four times the
amount considered necessary by experts. Copper screens cover each
intake, making it impossible for flies, mosquitoes and other injurious
animal life to enter. The cork brick upon which the cattle stand
is kept in sanitary condition. Unlike porous timber used in many
barns, this flooring cannot be an abiding place for germs. As a
further insurance of cleanliness, the floor is bedded with new pine
sawdust. Improved metal stanchions, that give the cows freedom
and ease, take the place of the wooden slats that are found in the
old fashioned stables. The walls of the interior are plastered over
wire lathing and painted with washable paint.

Hay and grain are brought from the adjoining barn, which is
separated by fire doors, on carriers, which run on a track through
the center of the stable. The milk of each cow is carried separately
to a room outside the stable where it is weighed, and the weight
recorded. It is then poured through a sterile block-tin tube to the

i CN

MILKING By ELECTRICITY

6eTHE milk pail used to versify a mild and mellow meter,
When I used to milk Old Brindle in the yard.”—Foss,
dairy one story below, where it enters a tank in the dairy. Manure
is removed to a covered pit, fifty feet outside the stable, on carriers
which run behind the cows.

Just outside Sunshine Stable, in the cattle yard, are three silos,
each rising to a height of thirty-six feet, and having a total capacity
of four hundred tons. Twenty-five acres of Indian Hill Farm are
planted to ensilage corn each year, and when this is in the milk
state, so-called, it is cut, carried to the stable yard, fed to a gasoline-
powered cutter, which cuts it into pieces of about one-half inch in
length; and it is then blown through a tube to the top of the silos,
where it is packed and sealed.

Milking Men in spotless, white clothing are in charge of the
Time milking of Indian Hill Farm cows, which is done by

electric machinery of modern type as the first preventive
from contamination. At five o’clock in the morning and five o'clock
in the afternoon the cows are groomed and scrubbed, and their
udders washed with pure soap and sterile water, and the milk is

Bottiinc MacHINneE, CLARIFIER, SEPARATOR

Sp ET me but do my work from day to day

In field or forest, at the desk or loom,
In roaring market place or tranquil room;
Let me but find if in my heart to say,
When vagrant wishes beckon me astray,

‘This is my work; my blessing, not my doom.
Of all who live, I am the only one by whom

vo

This work can best be done in the right way’.

—Van DYKE.

CooLeR CapPING MACHINE

BRUSHER

i, emecn

66AJO man is

born into
the world whose
work is not born
within him.
There is always
work and tools
to work withal,
for those whof
will; and bless-
ed are the horny
hands of toil.”

—LowELL.

BottLinc MACHINE

SANITARY Dairy—SoutH VIEW

66 ORK and your house shall be duly fed;
W ork and rest shall be won.’—CareEy.

drawn direct from the cows through a
sterilized tube to an air-tight bucket,
and therefore it cannot come in contact
with the stable air, and no obnoxious
matter, such as hairs, dirt and, worst of
all, flies can fall into the milk as in the
old-fashioned hand milking way.
Under this process of milking, sterile
rubber nipples are placed over the teats,
and over this a metal nipple, which 1s
connected by a tube running to the air
tight bucket, and which is also con-
nected with an electric air compressor.
The pressure of the air within the metal
nipple against the rubber nipple per-
forms the operation of milking in prac-
tically the same manner as hand milk-
ing. A glass in the tube indicates when

| :

|

MiLkinc MACHINE

Sasa =

i “i

Sanitary Dairy—NortH VIEw

SOY HITE and clean as the driven snow,
Sweet and bright as morning light.’—ANoNn.

the cow is milked. The cows take kindly to this method of milking, in
fact, it seems to be in conformity with the theories established by the
Friesian originators because it provides contentment among the cattle,
which these knowing dairymen learned centuries ago is the essential
to proper production of milk.

The Dairy The function of the clarifier is to remove any pos-
House sibility of solid impurities remaining in the milk, not

only particles of soil or dust, if there be any, but more
particularly the internal contamination consisting of broken-down
udder tissues and pus corpuscles, which are almost invariably present
in all milk. From a hygienic standpoint the removal of this organic
matter is of great importance. Bacteriologists and sanitarians who
have examined and analyzed zooglea, the material removed by the
clarifier, are amazed upon learning its serious nature. In a series
of experiments in connection with the study of infectious diseases,
injections of zooglea into guinea pigs, rabbits and mice have almost
invariably proved fatal.

; LIC.160
we “INDIAN HILL FARM ne:
CHARLTON © >|
SSS SS SSS SS

Cor (gs and away at the break o° day
Athirt the downs of the roaren town.’—OLp WELSH SONG.

If a cow has garget, the .

most common of bovine dis-
seases, even though it be in so
mild a form as to escape de-
tection on the part of the
milker, the milk will contain
pus corpuscles and_ broken-
down tissue which may be
absolutely loaded with germs.
The clarifier takes out an
amazingly large amount of
this, making the milk cleaner
and more wholesome. ‘The
same would be true of the
tubercle bacillus in milk from

‘
STREPTOCOCCH

Microscopic ViEw oF SEDIMENT REMOVED
BY CLARIFIER FROM CERTIFIED MILK

cows affected from tuberculosis of the udder, for the germs are usually

discharged from the udder associated with particles of granular mat-

ter which make up the tubercle. In this connection, it is of interest

ee(GRAy grows the dawn while men-folk sleep,
Unseen spreads on the light,

Till the thrush sings to the colored things,

And earth forgets the night.’—Morkris.

to note that all cows at Indian Hill Farm are submitted to a tubercu-
lin test frequently, thus making possible the detection of any symptoms
of tuberculosis in its insipiency.

After the milk has passed through the clarifier, and while it is
still warm, it enters another sterile tube and is forced through a cooler,
an apparatus containing a chamber through which cold spring water
flows, while the milk passes through pipes coiled about the outside.
The milk is cooled immediately at a temperature of 45° Fahrenheit.
It then enters another tube which carries it to the bottling machine
tank. In the process of bottling, the milk passes through a cotton-
batting strainer which removes all possibility of foreign substance
being contained with the milk. Each piece of cotton-batting is used
but once, and is then destroyed. “Twelve bottles standing in a gal-
vanized iron carrier are filled with one operation of this machine
which is so devised that the use of an automatic valve closes the
pressure of milk when the bottles are filled without spilling any of
the milk on the sides.

The bottles are then placed in a capping machine which squeezes
on the top automatically, a tin cap lined with sterile paper. This

6¢°T'HERE is virtue in the cow; she ts full of goodness; the whole
landscape looks out of her soft eves.
I would rather have the care of cattle than be the keeper of the great
seal of the Nation.’—BURROUGHS.

form of cap removes any possibility of dirt or bacteria entering the
milk after it has been bottled. It is locked solidly in its place, and
unless it can be removed with the hands, the consumer may be sure
it has not been opened since leaving the dairy. ‘The bottles in the
carrier are then placed in a chest and covered with chipped ice.

At midnight they are taken out, still covered with ice, and are
carried by automobile truck to Worcester, where they are loaded
into smaller trucks and wagons and delivered to the homes of con-
sumers. All surplus milk is passed through a DeLaval separator
and the cream is churned into butter. All containers and tubes and
all appliances in which milk is carried are washed and steamed
thoroughly after using, then immersed in pure water until next used,
the bottles being cleaned in an automatic bottle soaker, so-called.

Empty milk bottles are made absolutely sterile by the use of this
machine. ‘The bottles are placed in a slanting position on carriers
which are fastened to an endless chain arrangement and carried
in a ten-minute immersion through a tank filled with strong, hot alkali
water, which has sufficient strength to destroy all germs and remove
all grease. Emerging from this part of the machine the bottles are

Str Pontiac HEGERVELD De Kot, No. 80139

yaya KINGLY character he bears

Unfading is the crown he wears.’—CowPER.

emptied automatically and are washed thoroughly by revolving
brushes propelled by a turbine. These brushes, which reach every
part of the interior of the bottle, revolving at a rate of several hundred
times a minute, add doubly to the purity of the process and prepare
them for another bath in pure hot water. When the bottles have
passed through this process, they are dried almost instantly because
of the high temperature of the bath.

In the basement of the dairy is a forty horse-power boiler, which
furnishes steam for sterilizing and washing all cans and the various
utensils used. ‘This boiler receives its heat from wood fires, the wood
being cut on the farm, in accordance with the policy of the manage-
ment to provide as much as possible all products used on the farm
from native soil. Ice cut from Crystal Lake on the farm is stored
in an ice house nearby, and from there a refrigerator in the dairy
room, with a capacity of two tons, is filled. In this refrigerator are
kept cans of cream to be churned into butter, cases of eggs and
poultry dressed for the market.

SWE paused at last where home-bound cows
Brought down the pasture’s treasure.’—WHITTIER.

Electrical current is developed on the farm for lighting and power.
At the dam of Crystal Lake there is a power house in which is installed
a turbine wheel, which is propelled by a fall of sixteen feet through a
thirty inch pipe, and which is capable of developing fifteen horse-
power. ‘The current is carried through copper wires to a switchboard
and is from there distributed to the various buildings through under-
ground conduits. As an auxiliary there is in use a ten horse-power
kerosene oil engine and generator, which is connected with the same
switchboard, so that it may be brought into use by simply turning
a switch. ‘There are one hundred and forty electric lights on the
farm and within the buildings, sixty of which are in Sunshine Stable.
The current is carried to Cold Spring some distance from the build-
ings and attached to a three-plunger pump operated by a motor
which pumps water to a reservoir on the hill, giving gravity supply
to all buildings. There is an adequate supply of pure water for the
dozen or more farm buildings, even in seasons of the most severe

drouth.

sa) ct ROM fairest creaturcs

we desire increase.’ —SHAKESPEARE.

The While every scientific authority recognizes a number
Holstein- of causes for variation in milk, all place particular
Friesian _ stress on the breed of cow as a factor of first impor-
tance. ‘This being the case, it is interesting to note the

history and characteristics of Holstein-Friesian cattle, in order to
ascertain just why the consensus of expert opinion leaves no room to
doubt the superiority of Holstein-Friesian cows’ milk as human food.
Holstein-Friesian cattle, the greatest of all milch cows, have been

in the process of development over two thousand years. ‘They were
introduced from the provinces of north Holland and Friesland, a
section of the kingdom of The Netherlands, bordering on the North
Sea. The present dairymen of these provinces are descendants of
the ancient Friesians, and their cattle are lineal descendants from the
herds of their ancestors. From the earliest accounts of their dairy
husbandry, these black and white cattle have been used and devel-
oped for dairy purposes. Easterly and northerly from its place of
origin, this breed has spread, until it has extended even to Russia,
where, at the mouth of the river Dwina, nearly under the Arctic
Circle, it has produced the Kholmogorian breed, the most highly

66 PRIDE of thy age,
and glory of thy race.—PopeE.

valued cattle of that country. Holstein blood is strong and not only
remains unimpaired in all sections of the world, but improves all
others with which it is mingled.

These Hollanders developed cattle of sturdy thrift and plodding
patience, qualities which have been maintained and are manifest in
their descendants to-day. These farmers have always avoided inter-
breeding, and for this reason the Holland cow possesses more stamina
and prepotency than any other animal. The Dutch dairymen through
the centuries have bent their efforts toward improving constantly the
milk producing capacity of their herds, and the liberal importation
of the best strains of these cattle to the United States has been
responsible for the upbuilding of American Holstein herds.

The first recorded importation of these cattle was made by the
Holland Land Company in 1795. During the past twenty-five
years, the marked advance in the proper housing and the proper care
of cattle has increased the popularity of this breed, and well-informed
farmers are coming to know that the milk of Hbolstein-Friesians is
the ideal milk for human consumption, while the public, on the other
hand, is beginning to realize that it must specify this particular milk

66E*VEN the homely farm can teach us
. y . . ”
there is something in descent.'—TENNYSON.

as a means of safety and proper nourishment. In the herd at Indian
Hill Farm are to be found the most notable strains of the Holstein-
Friesian breed, particularly the Pontiac strain. Throughout the year
the herd numbers from fifty to sixty head, representing in pedigree
many generations of the most popular and highest producing strains
in America. Heading this herd is the lordly Sir Pontiac Hengewell
DeKol Number 80139, sired by the world-famous King Pontiac
Butter Boy.

Vigor and That the Holstein-Friesian cow is large, strong and
Vitality healthy is self-evident, but many fail to take into con-

sideration the value of this vigor and vitality in the
cow. The importance of the health of the cow is now gaining
recognition, however, proof of which is found in a visit to any first
class public institution or sanitarium where, if it produces its milk,
will be found a herd of pure bred Holsteins. Experience soon
teaches that the milk of the Holstein cow is the only milk that can
be fed in safety to every class of infant or invalid. ‘The strength and

“$NEW-BORN flocks, in rustic dance,
Frisky ply their feeble feet—GRAY.

wonderful constitutional vitality of this cow makes tuberculosis and
other diseases to which cattle are prey almost unknown among them.
Physicians who have been in a position to make a serious study of
cows’ milk aver that Holstein milk is the ideal milk for consumption,
and pure bred Holstein cattle are the final choice of every institution
or organization that attempts to produce milk in a scientific manner.

The strongest proof that this breed has kept a high standard of
vital force is the fact that it is maintained in almost every climate,
even to the rigorous cold of northern Russia. In America it proves
as hardy as native breeds. The large size of the Holstein is of
importance that should never be disregarded, for it is to this magni-
tude that they owe in part their extraordinary constitutional vigor or
vital force, which affects all their relations to their food, care and
production. Their robustness makes them especially resistant to
disease, while the more delicate breeds are more easily conquered by
such scourges as tuberculosis. In temperament they are quiet and
docile, bulls as well as cows, showing the result of centuries of the
kindest treatment, for it must be known that the shrewd Holland

Home or Farm MANAGER

SVE happy Fields unknown to noise and strife
The kind rewarder of industrious life.’—Gay.

dairymen appreciated the value of kindness from a commercial stand-
point. They knew that all nervous excitement of whatever nature
lessened milk production and affected its quality, and so by means
of the most careful and considerate handling they were remarkably
successful in developing the placid, easy-going disposition that is
such a striking contrast to the high-strung nervous temperament found
in other breeds.

Pure The criterion of pure milk is the bacteria count. The re-
Milk quirement of the Board of Health of the City of Worcester in

this particular is that milk shall not contain over five hundred
thousand bacteria per cubic centimeter, or an amount equal to one-
fourth of a teaspoonful. Inspected milk is that containing from thirty
thousand to one hundred thousand, while certified milk contains not
over ten thousand. ‘Tests made at Indian Hill Farm have shown much
lower than that required for certified milk. The bacteria count gives
assurance that milk is pure, and that nothing on the farm pertaining
to the cows is radically wrong. It enables the manager to improve
his system, step by step, and incites interest and pride among the
dairy-workers who begin to strive to make a record for their milk.

TTHRESHING RYE IN FIELD

“B E thankful to the fields, though summer's sweets lie dead ;
It was their fleece that clothed you,
Their green blades brought you bread.’—STANTON.

The all-crowning event, therefore, of the up-to-date dairyman is to
minimize the bacteria count in his milk. As an aid to this, bacteria
tests are made at Indian Hill Farm each week.

Pure milk necessarily costs more to produce, but the many fatali-
ties recorded daily are sufficient argument to prove that milk is not
an item on which to economize. Relative to this subject a paper
written by A. D. Melvin, Chief of the Bureau of Animal Industry
of the United States Department of Agriculture, states: “The fact
that there have been exaggerations of the demands and added ex-
pense of modern inspection is no argument against the consumer recog-
nizing that the word ‘quality’ as applied to milk means more than
chemical composition, that there may be milks of widely varying quality
even where the amount of milk solids is the same. A reasonably
clean milk is worth 2 cents more than common slovenly milk. The
former is safer and therefore cheaper at the increased price. ‘There
has been too much indifference on the part of consumers regarding
clean milk, too much of a tendency to regard all milk as the same,
and too much of a desire to buy it at a low price, regardless of
quality. Merely as a matter of sentiment and refinement, clean and

66° HERE scatter'd oft, the earliest of the year,

By hands unseen, are showers of violets found ;
The redbreast loves to build and warble there,
And little foosteps lightly print the ground.”’—Gnray.

fresh fruit and vegetables command a premium, while dirty food is
frequently unsalable at any price. Milk, however, is often regarded
with less discrimination. A little sediment meets with no emphatic
disapproval. Consumers on seeing side-by-side pictures of bad and
of sanitary stables comment favorably on the latter and express dis-
approval of a food produced in the former, but they haggle over the
price and when it comes to paying the bills fail to recognize more
value in one kind of milk than the other. Mulk in most instances is
consumed raw, and is exposed to the direct contamination of all the
bad conditions with which it comes in contact. Furthermore, it is
the exclusive diet of many invalids and infants, and is an almost
perfect medium for the development and spread of germ diseases.
Aside from any refined prejudices in favor of clean food, dirty milk
may prove expensive even as a gift, while clean milk may be an
economy at several cents above the ordinary price. The cheapest
article is often the most extravagant. A few additional cents a
quart for milk is cheap insurance against some forms of sickness.”

CrysTaL LAKE

S¢\7 ES; it is the sun descending,
Sinking down into the water ;
All the sky is stained with purple,

All the water flushed with crimson!"°—LONGFELLOW.
Importance It is an easy matter for a person to be misled
of Pure regarding the quality of milk left at his door. A
Milk bad egg, for example, cannot be disguised, while

over-ripe or green fruit can be detected by the eye.
The difference in the taste of most articles of food reveals to the
consumer why he should pay more for one brand than for another,
but bad or infected milk keeps its secret until the consumer is sent
to bed ill. There is no unpleasant taste or other detectable sign
when one drinks a glass containing a few million extra injurious
bacteria. Most milk tastes alike to the consumer; therefore he is
likely to buy the cheapest, and milk that is the most unsafe. Some
say they cannot see the philosophy of paying for cleanliness and
sanitation when the old methods have always done well enough until
the “‘germ fad’? was discovered. Such persons are liable to fail to
understand that milk is not a thing on which to economize until, per-
haps, they have lost a child through the agency of impure milk.
The model dairy has the advantage also that it does away with

OPE AANAANNED ARAL NV
wre SS

hay 3 CHARM from the skies seems to hallow us there,
Which sought through the earth is not met with elsewhere.”’—PAYNE.

the necessity of pasteurizing milk. While pasteurized milk is a great
blessing to some communities, it must be considered that when milk
is pasteurized all non-pathogenic as well as pathogenic germs are
destroyed. Pasteurized milk will not sour, and for that reason
cannot be used in some forms of cooking. It will decay, however,
and in decay becomes more harmful than milk which has not been
pasteurized. Advocates of pure milk are sometimes met with the
argument that a person has been taking milk from the same place
for years, and while it is known that the producer is not making any
marked attempt toward modern sanitation, with an alarming degree
of thoughtlessness they say they will wait until they can see evidence
of harm before making a change. Others perhaps dwell on the
theory that the New England farmers of the old days did very well
without modern ideas of sanitation. A walk through the churchyards
of the early New Englanders, and a count of the little stones over
the graves of their children will show that in some families but one
child of six or eight survived. This appalling infant mortality, mostly
curing the summer when the climate was good but when the milk of
dog-days was bad, is a most potent answer to such argument.

““B UT when glad summer at the west winds’ call
Shall send the flocks to woods and pastures free.’—WVERGIL.

Food Many think of milk, for adults, at least, as a bever-
Value of age rather than a food, and do not realize that a glass
Milk of it adds as much to the nutritive value of a meal as

a quarter of a loaf of bread or a good slice of beef.
The New York Milk Committee, in making a comparison of the cost
and value of various articles of food, stated that one quart of milk is
about equal in food value to any one of the following:

3-4 lb. of lean round beef 3 |b. fresh codfish
8 eggs 2 |b. chicken

2 lb. potatoes 4 lb. beets

6 |b. spinach 5 |b. turnips

7 |b. lettuce 1-6 lb. butter

4 lb. cabbage 1-3 lb. wheat flour
2 |b. salt codfish 1-3 lb. cheese

J. Allen Gilbert, Ph.D.,.M.D., of Portland, Ore., says: ‘‘In
milk are contained all the elements necessary to the maintenance of
the human body, and evidence is to be had in abundance showing
that milk is in no sense a luxury, but is an economical article of diet.””

“O XEN that rattle the yoke and chain,
Or halt in the leafy shade.’—WHITMAN.

M. J. Rosenau, M.D., Professor of Preventive Medicine and
Hygiene, Harvard Medical School, says of milk: ‘No other or-
ganic food stuff shows such a marked variation, except meat. To
most people milk is milk. About the only preference they indicate
inclines toward the thickest, creamiest milk that they can get. Because
of its cream they have a feeling that it is more desirable, possessing
more nourishment, and being, therefore, of greater value. This
erroneous notion is also reflected in the milk standards adopted by
State Boards of Health for the regulation of the milk supplied to the
people. In thoroughly praiseworthy attempts to protect the public
health, these misguided officials have heiped to perpetuate a mistaken
idea that food chemists and physicians have proved repeatedly to be
entirely opposed to the truth. It is this very cream—really the fat
in the milk from which butter is formed—that contains the element
of greatest danger to the digestive organs of infants and adult invalids.
And it is not the fat (cream), but the proteins (the tissue, muscle,
bone and blood makers), that form the ingredients of greatest value
in milk.”

6¢AJOW to the cooling shades, the cows retreat,
o drowse and dream with mild, half-opening evyes.’—WILSON.

Superiority Convincing testimony, establishing beyond ques-
of Holstein tion the preéminent position of Holstein Milk, is
Milk furnished by eminent specialists, all of whom are led

to the same conclusions by exhaustive investigations
supplementing the most careful tests. It is only comparatively recently
that the medical profession has given itself so completely to the study
of preventive medicine, as a result of the enormous waste in human
life that is such a blot on our civilization. It has been well said that
the infant death-rate of a community is a test of its civilization. There
is, therefore, something more than a mere coincidence in the fact that,
with the general recognition that the work of keeping people well is
of far greater constructive value than the curing of the sick, has come
an appreciation of the wonderful help that Holstein milk offers toward
that end. In view of the fact that so many disorders associated with
infant or adult invalid feeding arises from the indigestibility of milk
rich in fat, this variation in the product of the different breeds 1s
exceedingly important. When knowledge on this subject becomes
general, when its importance is understood, people will learn to ask
for milk by name, and the name that will be in every mind and on

66° THE Earth is a machine which yields almost gratuitous service
. . . y ”
to every application of intellect.”.—EMERSON.

every tongue will identify the breed of cows whose milk possesses
demonstrated superiority for human food.

Holstein Milk from the larger cows in the Indian Hill Farm
Baby herd, or from one particular cow at each delivery, the
Milk selection being made after examination of all the animal’s

qualities, is reserved for baby milk, which is placed in
bottles containing a distinguishing cap. Indian Hill Farm Baby milk
may be allowed to follow directly after the stork has left its precious
burden in the home.

Every man wants to bring his baby to strong manhood or woman-
hood. He would make heroic sacrifices if he knew his little one’s
welfare required it, but too often he remains ignorant of the great
necessity of proper milk. He remains ignorant of the fact that nine-
tenths of the illness that may possibly inflict itself upon the child 1s
due directly to its food. The well-informed father or mother knows
there cannot be too much care exercised in ascertaining the facts
concerning the source of the milk supply.

InpiAN Hitt Farm, 1861
(Courtesy Colonial Publishing Company, Springfield, Mass.)

6FIRMLY builded with rafters of oak, the house of the farmer
Stood on the side of a hill.’—LONGFELLOw.

Dr. Thomas Morgan Rotch of Boston, whose fame as a specialist
in infant feeding is international, says of the Holstein: ““The cow
represents the most perfect milking animal known, having every
characteristic of a cow suitable for an infant’s milk supply. Its milk
is good and nourishing, and comes nearer to human milk than that of
any other breed of cows. The reason for this is that the emulsion of
the fats in Holstein Milk is much nearer in fineness to the emulsion in
human milk than is that of other breeds. The fat also contains a less
amount of the objectionable volatile glycerides so pronounced in the
fats of the Jersey cows, and in this way also corresponds more closely
to the quality of human milk. As a physician dealing with infants,
I have many instances coming to my notice of cases where the milk
of the Holstein Cow is the only quality the stomach of the infant will
retain.”

66 AND this our life, exempt from public haunt,
Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks,
Sermons in stones, and good in everything.’"—SHAKESPEARE.

Dr. Lamson Allen of Worcester talks from an experience of over
thirty years when he says: “‘It seems incredible, but it is nevertheless
true, that the average medical practitioner is more easily swayed by
tradition than governed by reason, especially in the matter of prescrib-
ing food for infants, invalids and convalescents. When will the
medical world throw off the incubus of feeding ‘top milk’ in the
above cases? Not until they will allow logical reason to supersede
illogical custom. It ought to be unnecessary to remind the medical
profession that ‘top milk’ contains too large a proportion of calories
to the tissue-building ingredients of milk. We must always realize
that what the child, the invalid and the convalescent need above all
else is the building up of tissue rather than the accumulation of heat
elements. The fats of milk may tickle the palate, but the palate is
a very insignificant portion of the body compared with the other
essential parts thereof. It is not only the fact of the lower percentage
of butter-fat in the Holstein Milk that gives it its superior quality, but
it is the fact that the globules of the butter-fat are so much smaller in
Holsein Milk than in milk of other breeds that makes it so reliable

Pou.Ltry RANGE

a | MMORTAL heirs of universal praise,

Whose honors with increase of ages grow.’—POPE.

and so valuable. The smaller size of the fat globules also helps in
making milk coagulate in smaller curds in the stomach during diges-
tion, thereby enabling the stomach to do its proper work more easily
and safely.”

Clean milk, kept cold and properly protected, shows very little
change in three or even five days. When special precautions are
taken, it is possible to keep milk so that it may be shipped from
America to Europe and return, and still be in good condition. It is
possible to have sweet milk on transatlantic liners without replenishing
the supply oftener than once a round trip.

At the Paris Exposition in 1900, milk shipped from the United
States arrived in good condition and remained pure and sweet for
several days, dumbfounding the French farmers, who could not
deliver milk more than one hundred miles, or have it in good condition
for more than forty-eight hours. Nothing but coldness and cleanli-
ness contributed to these wonderful results.

BroopEer House

“SHEAR the chickens cheep, boys, and the hen with pride
Clucking them to sleep, boys, on the sunny side.”—RILEy.

In the home, milk should be kept cold, clean and covered. The
sanitary crowns which are used on milk bottles sent out from Indian
Hill Farm may be replaced and all danger of outside contamination
eliminated after part of the milk has been used. It is never safe to
replace a paper cap on a milk bottle.

The smooth metal surface of Indian Hill Farm bottle crowns,
rather than dust-collecting countersunk paper lids, seal the bottles
perfectly. This method of sealing is strictly hermetic, protecting the
milk from bacilli, dust and dirt, and is a safeguard against the milk
being tampered with. The crown being removed readily with an
opener, eliminates spattering and loss of top-cream; while the pouring
lip, over which the milk must pass, is never left exposed to the tongues
of germ-bearing dogs or cats or the hands of infected humans.

Scientists in dietetics advise a more general use of milk as food
adapted to supplying the various needs of the human system. Milk
is the only safe food for infants when their delicate bodies first begin
to grow. It is a foundation upon which the human body is builded

safely. From the days when the infant first looks up in wonderment
from its cradle-down to the death-bed of the aged, milk is a boon,
a preserver of life, a giver of health and a
palatable delicacy. Pure milk is a food and
a medicine; but delicious, healthful and nour-
ishing as it is American people consume com-
paratively little of it per capita. At nine
cents per quart, the average American uses
only six dollars and sixty-six cents worth of
milk in a year. He would be much better
off if he went to the milk jar oftener and

tarried longer over its delicious, invigorating

potion—provided the milk is pure. Through

HRSG im

See re FT the rigid system of inspection, and thorough
Miss WorcesTER Seale a soe ;
The Peck tee. process of sterilization, it is possible at In-
monwealth. She wears dian Hill Farm to produce milk that is pure
her heart on her : . Cees
Behe anal and free from disease-disseminating germs.

Lhe Stray Cat's Confession

DO NOT BELIEVE in the theory of germs. In fact, with all

kinds I keep tryst. I steal all about in the dark hours of night,
and temptation I never resist. A bottle of milk with a loose paper
cap is a feast that I never for-
sake. The milk may be sterile,
from thoroughbred cows, but it’s
free for all cats to partake. But
I have no use for the tight-fitling
caps on the bottles from Indian
Hill Farm. The babies may

have it all to themselves, for it’s

locked where I do it no harm.

A Layinc or Four HuNpbREpD Eccs

during the season beginning February | and ending June 15.

The poultry at Indian Hill
consists of exceptional
strains of single-ccomb White
Leghorns and White Plymouth
Rocks. The poultry buildings

have been planned in harmony

Farm

with their surroundings, cost not
being the primary consideration.
Chicks are given the advantage
of almost unlimited range. They

fields and

woods, growing into strong, vig-

roam at will over

orous fowls, under such condi-
tions being able to acquire un-
usual strength and vitality. Hall
Mammoth Incubators, with a
total capacity of 10,400, furnish
an output of sixty thousand chicks

The

brooder house is two hundred and twenty feet long, and has a

capacity of six thousand chicks.

There are five laying houses with

a capacity of twenty-four hundred. Ranged along a sunny slope are

forty colony houses of the open front type which accommodate from

seventy-five to one hundred chicks each.

Five THousANpb-E.cc INCUBATOR

SHE mighty mother of a mighty brood.”—LOowELL.

Layinc House NumsBer Two

6OTHE eve that with a glance discerns
This shaping potency behind the egg.’—LoweELu.

In laying the foundation for these flocks, the best breeding stock
obtainable was secured. ‘The birds have been selected and bred
under the supervision of an expert poultryman, during the last five
years. They are bred strictly for heavy egg production and fine
table qualities. All stock is graded carefully in the fall before going
into winter quarters, and from the high grades are selected the most
promising pullets. These are trap-nested, and the highest producers
are mated with males of known breeding. In these poultry yards
are special matings from which eggs or chicks are not sold, but are
kept solely for the purpose of replenishing the stock. Among these
are matings headed by the Leghorn Cockerel Indian Hill Pride
No. 4205, and son of hen No. 3271, with a record of 241 eggs in
her pullet year, while the dam of this hen, No. 2415, had a record
of 248, and her dam was hen No. 2420 with a record of 288. ‘The
sire of this cockerel, No. 190, was from a dam No. 2420 with a
record of 288. Among Indian Hill Pride’s flock of high class
single-comb white leghorns are two full sisters, Princess Dawn and

Lady Snow, daughters of hen No. 2433 with a record of 237,

Princess DAwn Prive oF INDIAN HILL Lapy SNow

et ya the rare spring days il was good to hear,

The song of the hens and the rooster’s crow,
The cheep of the chickens, low and clear,
The cluck of the mother brooding near.’—GREENLEAF.

whose dam was hen No. 2426. In these stock pens are selected
birds with only males that are closely associated with the 250 egg
record. Live pullets of both the single-comb White Leghorn and
White Plymouth Rock varieties are sold, many going to the market
at an advantage of ten weeks’ age, when the mortality stage is passed,
while thousands of day-old chicks are furnished to the trade in the
early spring. Indian Hill Farm eggs and dressed fancy poultry—
capons—are delivered
that cover the City of
being delivered in seal-

broilers, roasters and
from the milk wagons
Worcester, all eggs

ed cartons, bearing the date of laying.

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