California. Dept. of Fish and Gams r Biennial Report 1895-1896. P?>=f^f^^:^W t . •* *^ ^j^ o M «2 03 M o a iz; pi$ o ti< < a I. +j U) CD w n 15 o o > w a u {-I ffi z o 05 CO FOURTEENTH BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE m,^ n ri H 'i m -M-L OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, KOR THE YEARS COMMISSIONERS WILLIAM C. MURDOCH, H. F. EMERIC, President, J. M. MORRISON, - San Jtilflijfflcisco. San Pablo, Contra Costa County. Sacramento. SACRAMENTO; A. J. JOHNSTON, : : : : : superintendent state printing. 1896. :alifornia. Dept. of Fish and Game, Biennial Report 1895-1896. ^TE DUE Biennial Report 1895-1896. OATE — '^M^ s ISSUED TO "^'J. California Resources Agency Library 1416 9th Street, Room 117 Sacramento, California 95814 REPORT. To the Honorable James H. Budd, Governor of the State of California: In conformity with law, the Board of Fish Commissioners of the State of California has the honor to submit its Fourteenth Biennial Report, being the record of its work from September 1, 1894, to September 1, 1896. Hon. H. L. Macneil was forced by ill health to present to you his resignation in January, 1895, and Mr. H. F. Emeric was named by you, February 8, 1895, as his successor. On February 25, 1895, Hon. J. D. Redding presented to you his resignation, which was accepted, and Mr. J. M. Morrison was appointed to succeed him on March 12, 1895. Thereupon the Board met and elected H. F. Emeric president, and decided to move the office of the Commission to more commodious quarters, where its business could be more easily transacted. A suit- able office was selected at No. 78, Flood Building, and cabinets pro- cured for the library and specimens of native and introduced fish and birds. This collection, while yet small, is rapidly increasing and will furnish an object-lesson, valuable alike to fishermen, marketmen, and sportsmen. Through the generosity of the friends of the Commission suitable furnishings were presented and loaned, so that the office was fitted up in a very complete manner, and without expense to the State. Meetings of the ' Board have been regularly held upon the second Monday of every month, and at such other times as the exigencies of the work demanded. A majority of the Board has been present at every meeting. . Complete minutes of the meetings are on file in the office. The work of this Commission is steadily increasing, and its field for usefulness so rapidly extending that much time is required to plan the work and properly attend to the various questions which are constantly demanding attention. We have followed the policy laid down by the first Board and adopted by every succeeding Board, both because the laws governing this Commission require us to do so, and because our greatest field of usefulness lies in that direction. We are greatly pleased to be able to present to you, in the following pages, the splendid results of this policy, and to demonstrate conclusively that the care and supervision of the commercial fisheries is worthy of the best efforts of this Board and will make returns a hundredfold to the people of the State. We quote from " A Review of the History and Results of the Attempts 4 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS., to Acclimatize Fish and other Water Animals in the Pacific States," by Dr. H. M. Smith, of the U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, a gentleman who has made extended investigations throughout the State and thoroughly examined all of our waters, making investigations of the various branches of our commercial fisheries : "The zealous efforts of the Fish Commissioners of California to increase the quantity and variety of food and game fishes of the State deserve special recognition. For more than twentj'-five years the energies of the Commission have been almost constantly directed to the acclimatization of desirable fishes inhabiting the waters of the Eastern States. Their remarkable success when acting on their own behalf and in conjunction with the New York Commission and the U. S. Fish Commission entitles them to the great credit and praise which they have received both from the inhabitants of California and from the people of other States and foreign countries." (p. 380.) This quotation is not made with the idea of self-congratulation or laudation, but to show that the policy laid down by the State's first Board of Fish Commissioners is the policy which receives the highest commendation from the men who are the best posted in the value of this work, and thoroughly able to express an opinion. It has also been our aim, so far as was in our power, to protect and care for the game and game-fish interests of the State, believing that they are of great importance; and, as the following pages will show, demand more attention and better protection than has heretofore obtained. We have, during the last two years, by watching the chief market centers and sending men into districts where violations were reported, made many arrests and put a stop to much illegal work. We have caused certain statistics pertaining to our fisheries to be compiled. They are included in this report, and give much valuable information regarding the catch of our commercial fishes. We also pre- sent statistics, which will be found of interest, showing the value and amount of game handled in San Francisco and Los Angeles markets, during the season 1895-96. We have increased our fish hatcheries by the addition of the Battle Creek, Tallac, and Wawona stations, and are now much better equipped than ever before, and better able to carry on the work of re-stocking and increasing the output of our streams and lakes. The splendid location of the Battle Creek hatchery makes it possible to take and hatch an unlimited number of salmon eggs; and, although obliged to stop last fall in the middle of the work for want of a place to eye the eggs, we have placed to our credit in one year the largest plant of salmon fry ever made b}' the State in any previous four years— 14283,180. The location of the Wawona hatchery fills a long-felt want, and makes it possible to reach the magnificent waters in and about the Yosemite National Park without the long, tiresome, and unprofitable trip from any one of our other hatcheries. REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 5 We have granted all applications for fish for public waters in so far as they were suitable for the varieties asked for; but so great a demand has been made upon us in this direction that the supply has not been equal to it, even with the increased output never before equaled. Total Output For— 1895, 1896. "Rffsrs .. - 383,000 7,391,700 1,239 1,141,000 Fry - - --- 18,351,833 Adults and vearlinss . .-.-_. 5,209 Totals . .... 7,775,939 19,498,042 Total output for two years 27,273,981. The remarkable success of the plant of Eastern fresh-water fishes in Lake Quyamaca, San Diego County, in 1891, would indicate that these varieties, which are held in high esteem as food and game fishes throughout the East, as well as others introduced here, will find con- genial waters in our State, thereby adding to our already large variety of fishes, and making our waters more productive. Efforts have been made to introduce desirable mollusks and crus- taceans from one part of the State to another, with the hope of increas- ing the range of these species, and consequently the supply. The sawdust question in the Truckee River has demanded attention, and we are glad to report that this stream, as well as others, has been kept free from pollution. The ladders upon dams have been frequently inspected, and kept in repair. Such arrangements have been made that but few, if any, dams are unprovided with ladders at the present time. The policy of retaining the trained and capable men who have been employed in the work for many years, has enabled the Commission's work to proceed without interruption, and has been the means of saving many dollars to the State. We believe that this Commission should be operated under civil service rules, as it will incite the men employed to more careful and better work, knowing that they will be retained so long as they are faithful and attentive. We have designed to conduct the business of the Commission on business lines, and have, we believe, made the best possible use of the money appropriated. The amount has many times seemed inadequate, and we have been obliged to temporarily retire some of our men until such time as our finances would permit their re-instatement. 6 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. The resources and expenditures of this Commission have been as follows: Forty-sixth Fiscal Year. Resources. Disburse- ments. •f 7,500 00 Support and Maintenance of State Hatcheries — Appropriation Restoration and Preservation of Fish — Balance on hand 150 00 Appropriation i 10,000 00 Fish Commission Fund — Balance on hand j 1,379 24 Receipts from licenses, fines, etc. _ 5,225 92 Amount expended ! . Balance on hand Totals ..I 124,255 16 $7,500 00 10,150 00 4,737 72 1,867 44 $24,255 16 Forty-seventh Fiscal Year. Support and Maintenance of State Hatcheries- Appropriation $7,500 00 Restoration and Preservation of Fish and Game — Appropriation 10,000 00 Fish Commission Fund — Balance on hand 1,867 44 Receipts from licenses, etc 1 \ 5,671 90 Amount expended.. ! Balance on hand c Totals $25,039 34 $7,500 00 10,000 00 5,874 89 1,664 45 $25,039 34 In the Appendix will be found a statement of all the bills passed by this Board and allowed by the Board of Examiners. This statement shows to whom and for what purpose the money was paid. Duplicates of all bills are on file in this office giving in detail the uses to which our funds have been put. Having thus given a resume of the work under our supervision, we invite your attention to the details which follow, as well as to many subjects and incidents connected with our fisheries, and to the other matters with which we have had to deal. We are pleased to report that the increase in the fishery industry, shown in the Thirteenth Biennial Report of the California Fish Commission, has continued during the last two years, although the fisherfolk have suffered in some measure, owing to the hard times which have affected every industry. We regret our inability to present the actual increase. Our resources do not admit of a sufficiently thorough investigation of all its branches to enable us to make complete statistics. The U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries have not taken a complete census since 1892, but are now completing one for the year 1895. The results of the cen- sus of 1892 were embodied in the last report of the California Fish Commission. COMMERCIAL FISHERIES. tfr"- a iz; o S < CO < iz; iz; M D o. REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 7 Mr. W. A. Wilcox, of the U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, in his treatise entitled "The Fisheries of the Pacific Coast," says: "The growth of the industry of late years has been marked, and the near futtire will doubtless witness an advance in the relative position, of California at the expense of several of the east-coast States. Considering the entire country, the rank of California as a fishing State is six; in the value of its products it is surpassed only by Massa- chusetts, Maryland, New York, New Jersey, and Virginia." (p. 147.) We take the following totals from a table prepared by him, which show the products of the fisheries of California: Pounds. Value. 1889 - - 53,505,055 $2,465,317 1890 -. 53,330,194 2,592,826 1891..- - 52,483,906 3,031,430 1892 .- - 57,838,466 3,022,991 That the fisheries of the State are constantly developing along broader lines is beyond question, and the fishermen and people generally are coming to appreciate the value of fostering this industry, and are urging the Commission to extend its investigation and its protecting power to branches which they never before deemed in need of protection, because of the seemingly limitless store from which the supply was being drawn. If at any time there has been a question as to the needs and results of the artificial propagation of both fresh and salt water fishes, that time has passed, for it is no longer a supposition but an established fact that this work makes enormous returns for the money expended. The results of this work are everywhere apparent, and nowhere more so than in California, and the people generally are alive to the necessity and demand for it. Dr. H. M. Smith, of the U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, says, in his " Notes on a Reconnoissance of the Fisheries of the Pacific Coast of the United States in 1894": " In no other region in the United States are the people more generally impressed with the beneficial results of artificial propagation and more ready to aid and approve any fish-cultural measures that are properly recommended. While the results of salmon culture have in some places been marked and are readily acknowledged by fishermen and others, this alone is not suflicient to account for the widespread advocacy of fish culture which exists among all classes and in all parts of the Pacific Coast. We must look further for the cause. There seems little reason to doubt that to the marvelous success of shad and striped bass acclimatization on the west coast must be attributed the firm belief in fish-cultural work that pervades all localities in which fish is an article of food or an object of capture. One or both of these new species are well known in almost every Pacific Coast settlement, and they are an enduring testimony to the influence of man over fish production." (p. 226.) It has been the purpose of this Board to increase the pro- SALMON. ductiveness of the salmon fishery, which is our most im- portant branch. Aided by the extended close season granted by the last Legislature, we were enabled to plant in our waters a greater number of young fish than ever before. The following table, showing 8 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. the yearly increase in the receipts of fish in the San Francisco markets, must be attributed to the planting of fry in former years: Salmon Received in the San Francisco Market. Month. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. January . February March ... April May June July August September October November December . 137,460 93,263 139,401 374,478 325,170 70,216 ,139,988 149,217 575,609 128,556 103,801 163,131 211,552 242,126 138,675 937,841 117,516 576,991 249,753 183,789 155,090 403,340 276,768 192,153 161,641 146,250 155,791 365,387 401,787 161,989 1,392,845 115,592 447,094 431,453 326,474 Totals I 2,453,446 ' 2,554,609 ; 2,713,458 168,366 173,278 197,043 301,964 291,310 134,922 1,266,883 While the yearly increase is not large, it shows a healthy growth, and establishes the fact that this fishery can-, with proper protection and the re-stocking of our waters, be restored to its former splendid condition, when the annual catch amounted to ten millions of pounds instead of four. It must be borne in mind that the success at Battle Creek station is due entirely to the extension of the close season. Until October was included in the close season, the salmon that had successfully passed the bays and lower river during the month of September were legally taken by the ton from their spawning-beds, or in the deep pools of the Sacramento River in Tehama and Shasta counties, though the fish were unfit for food and had not accomplished the purpose for which the State had guarded their ascent of the river. The addition of the month of October to the close season was timely and is of vital importance in the efforts of the Commission to restore the supply of salmon. The Board met with no opposition to its efforts to enforce the observance of the extended close season in the region of the upper Sacramento and in Humboldt County. This change meets with the approval of the people of those sections, as well as of the fish-dealers of the San Francisco market, all of whom have evinced a genuine interest in the efforts of the Commission to increase the run of our most valuable fish. In Del Norte County, however, the efforts of the Board to enforce this law were made abortive by the action of the local authorities, the Board of Supervisors assuming to make regulations in conflict with the State law, and the District Attor- ney instructing the Justices of the Peace to refuse to issue warrants, and refusing himself to prosecute arrested offenders. Our deputy was with- drawn and the matter was called to the attention of the Attorney-Gen- REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 9 eral. The people of that county will alone be the sufferers, since the fisheries there supply only the local demand. For some reason the run of salmon in the Sacramento River in 1895 was affected (presumably from high temperature or a rise of water) so that, instead of being heaviest during the month of August, it was only well started when the season closed. This condition obtained in 1896, but in a more marked degree. The early or spring run of fish was also affected by some cause. The salmon appeared in considerable numbers in the river as early as January, and continued to come through February and March, in consequence of which the April run of fish did not show the decided increase of former years, though there was an increase in the total take for the first six months. Owing to the varied run, the canneries did not pack as many SALMON salmon, as the following table will show. The figures for the CANNED, years previous to 1895, in all of the tables, were taken from the biennial report of the California Fish Commission for the years 1893-94: Salmon Pack of the Sacramento River. Year, Pounds. Cases. 1888 , - - - - - -- -- 4,039,200 1,618,471 672,121 170,425 1,496,927 1,940,009 1,637,025 870,155 61,200 1890. .. 25,065 1891 10,353 1892 2,281 1893 23,336 1894 28,463 1895 - 25,185 1896 -- - - 13,387 It would be advantageous for the State to cause an investigation by trained scientists of the habits of the young salmon after reaching the river from the small creeks on their way to the sea. Such an investi- gation, combined with intelligent observations upon the fish-food to be found in our larger interior waters, might lead to information that would be of material help in the restoration of salmon and the development of other valuable food-fisheries. It would seem advisable, therefore, that the Legislature should make a small appropriation for such scientific investigation, placing the appropriation in the hands of the Board, or of Dr. David Starr -Jordan, of Stanford University, who, as is well known, stands high as an authority on the habits of fishes. The number of seals near the Seal Rocks, lying off Point Lobos, SEALS. City and County of San Francisco, has so greatly increased under the protection afforded them by an Act of Con- gress relating to the control and care of the rocks that they very seriously interfere with the fishermen who carry on their vocation in the Bay of San Francisco and its tributary waters. Many schools of fish seeking entrance to spawning-beds are scattered by these seals. 10 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. When the salmon come in from the open sea they are set upon, and many schools are broken up and driven back; and only when compelled by the demands of nature do they gather in sufficient numbers to force an entrance to the bays and lower rivers. Thus is the run of this valu- able fish lessened and delayed. Their devastations do not cease here, as the seals follow in the wake of the fish, ascending as high as the waters of Suisun Bay and the lower Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, where the principal fishing-grounds for salmon, striped bass, and shad are found. Not content with taking the number of fish they wish for food, which is considerable, they go along the nets biting and killing the fish, tossing them into the air, and playing with them. In this way they tear the nets; and very often bepoming entangled in the meshes thereof, the net is completely destroyed. It has been estimated that there are at the present time no less than two thousand seals resorting to the Seal Rocks; and, as it is said to require about sixty pounds of fish a day to supply the needs of a full- grown individual, it is easily seen that they are interfering seriously with the fishing industry of this State. We fully appreciate the great attraction they are to the people of this city and State, as well as to the great number of visitors who annually come here; but, as the servants of the people of this State, charged with the duty of protecting their fisheries, we deemed it wise to call the atten- tion of the proper officials to the above referred to Act, wherein the right to at all times control and limit or diminish the number of the seals resorting to said rocks, so as to protect the fisheries and fishing indus- tries, is reserved to the United States. We communicated with the U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, who referred the matter to the Secretary of the Interior, with the recommendation that this matter be given prompt attention. In order that you may fully understand the subject, and deeming it of interest to many, we append herewith a copy of the Act relating to the control and care of the Seal Rocks: An Act to Grant Certain Seal Rocks to the City and County of San Feancisco, State of California, in Trust for the People of the United States. [Approved February 23, 1887.] Be it enacted by the Seriate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled. That all the right and title of the United States in and to the rocky islets known as the Seal Rocks, and all rights to seals resorting there, situated off Point Lobos, in the City and County of San Francisco, State of California, are hereby granted, subject to the provisions named, in trust to said city and county, upon the following conditions and for the following uses, to wit: Said city and county shall hold said Seal Rocks inalienable for all time in trust for the people of the United States, and shall commit to the Commissioners of Golden Gate Park the custody and care of said Seal Rocks, and shall keep said rocks free from encroachment hj man, and shall preserve from molestation the seals and other animals now accustomed to resort there, to the end that said Seal Rocks will continue to be a ptfblic preserve and resort for seals ; 'Si ■r. O a X -r. 7. :i O ■J X X u w si REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 11 provided, that the United States may at all times control and limit or diminish the number of the seals resorting to said rocks, so as to protect the fisheries and fishing in- dustries; and provided further, that whenever any of said rocks or the space occupied by said rocks shall be required by the United States for the erection or maintenance of any public work for any other purpose, then as to the rocks or space so required the provisions of this Act shall terminate and the United States shall be reinvested with the full title, control, and possession thereof. Said city and county shall signify its accept- ance of this trust, and thereupon the Commissioner of the General Land Office shall file in his office a plat showing the locus of said Seal Hocks, and said plat shall be the evi- dence of the extent and position of the premises hereby granted. Sec. 2. That all Acts in conflict with the provisions of this Act are hereby declared inapplicable to the premises hereby granted. The laws for the protection of the salmon fishery should not be changed. The shad fisheries continue to be influenced by the demand for SHAD, the fish. The fishermen are limited by the marketmen to that amount which is daily consumed, this being deemed the only ERRATA. Page 11— Number pounds Shad for March, 1896, should be 14,.375; for April should be 75,625 ; and total for six months should be 234,612. Page 12— Number pounds Carp for March, 1896, should be 8,659, and total for six months should be 52,495. \^KJ VfAl hJJLJL^^J.jL\^\A. l;l.AV.XJAk,'\_'A » Kjt^ AAA is needed to protect them. This is equally true of the striped bass. The following table of the number of pounds of shad received in the San Francisco market gives but a poor idea of the abundance of these fish: • Month. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. Januarv 2,774 8,781 10,019 32,389 80,557 36,184 1 70.704 3,319 2,796 698 53,652 96,340 77,882 41,266 11,767 17,747 39,115 57,823 22,027 1S9.745 7,754 1,764 475 23,496 37,987 8,158 369 2,106 14,257 23,960 36,729 25,787 103,208 3,213 805 3,317 5,788 23,534 6,534 4,600 February March .". April May June July August September 6,000 14,353 65,625 95,392 38,620 224,590 October . November December Totals 405,391 269,379 146,399 12 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS, The striped bass fishery shows a marked increase. This STRIPED fish is becoming very common in our markets, finding a BASS. ready sale, and being considered one of the best fish offered. It promises to become one of the most valuable of our fish- eries. This is certainly a gratifying result obtained from the acclimatiza- tion of 100 fingerling fish in 1879, and 350 in 1882. It is a noteworthy fact that these fish have, during the last two years, sold in San Fran- cisco at a price much lower than in the Eastern markets. Number of Pounds of Striped Bass Received in San Francisco Market. Month. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. January .j 3,041 14,177 28,328 February ' 2,752 12,572' 15,611 March 5,190 9,002 11,281 April 8,351 9,638 22,000 May 7,232 9,413 12,639 June.. 4,353 4,820 11,532 30,918 59,622 . 101,391 July 2,950 7,2731 13,782 -August 2,655 5,956 12,419 September 8,517 10,021 21,063 October. ; 6,720 22,591 28,724 November 10,473 17,319 50,245 December.. - ...| 17,504 21,972 j 24,553 Totals _..l 79,738 I 144,754 : 252,177 27,179 36,107 38,340 41,740 45,903 15,047 204,316 Receipts of carp and catfish show an increase for the first CARP AND six months of 1896. These fish, though little considered CATFISH. by most of our people, furnish food for a large number, and figure to a large extent as a market fish. The consump- tion of these fish in the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys has been very large, and the receipts in the San Francisco markets were as fol- lows : Number of Pounds of Carp and Catfish Received in San Francisco Market. Month. 1893. 189-1. Carp. Catfish. Carp. Catfish. 1895. Carp. Catfish. 1896. Carp. Catfish. January .. February . March April May June July August ... September October... November. December Totals . . 624 519 4,356 3,101 560 1,469 10,629 4,570 1,665 1,132 3,782 5,969 5,337 1,175 1,766 2,988 3,705 3,265 2,155 15.0.54 2,299 710 5,800 5,547 3,932 3,202 33,084 36,544 10,142 4,755 6,798 2,839 767 699 26,000 729 383 4,396 4,969 4,461 1,642 42,580 4,117 1,696 4,766 5,290 2,978 2,630 21,477 695 357 2,748 2,795 1,526 1,867 31,465 6,017 3,755 3,851 1,568 555 650 16,416 560 150 785 1,355 4,043 3,555 568 680 831 2,358 3,644 3,151 11,232 753 1,159 3,257 7,162 3,047 5,672 22,045 13,159 8,420 4,282 1,913 2,437 52,256 3,896 2,714 4,807 3,461 9,160 4,830 28,868. 26,864 32,282 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 13 Since the passage of the Act by the last Legislature mak- STURGEON. ing the months of April, May, June, July, and August a close season for sturgeon, many reports have come to us of the large number of these fish seen far up the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers in places where they have but rarely been seen for years. We are encouraged to think that these fish, being now able to reach natural spawning-grounds unmolested, will in a few years come into the markets in increasing instead of diminishing numbers. The abolishment of the use of the barbarous sturgeon hook, which kills the small as well as the large fish of this species, as well as all other species, should greatly help to increase the productiveness of this fishery. The receipts of this fish for 1896 are given herewith: January - - ..- 34,181 pounds. February .- 26,955 pounds. March 18,625 pounds. Total - 79,761 pounds. The principal market supply of trout has continued to come TROUT. from the Lake Tahoe region. The following table of ship- ments from Truckee is furnished by the U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries. The figures for 1896 are not yet obtainable: Number of Pounds of Cut-throat Trout Caught in Lake Tahoe and Shipped from Truckee. Month. 1894. 1895. April May June July.. August September. October Totals 7,480 10,319 2,642 7,095 4,176 3,256 928 4,643 5,728 6,299 3,376 5,741 2,035 34,968 28,750 In 1895 fishing was resumed in Lake Tulare after an LAKE interval of several years, during which time the Sacra- TULARE. mento River perch have rapidly increased in abundance. This Commission made a plant of black bass, yellow perch, and sunfish in this lake in May, 1896, and ordinances were passed by the Supervisors of Kings and Tulare counties prohibiting fishing with nets. The number of pounds of Sacramento River perch taken in this lake in 1895 follows. The figures are furnished by the U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries: • March 313 pounds. April 14,876 pounds. May 3,945 pounds. June 2,760 pounds. September 230 pounds. October 1,185 pounds. Total 23,309 pounds. 14 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. The spiny lobster fishery is developing very rapidly, and SPINY under the present laws it receives the protection which LOBSTER, should prevent the depletion of the species. Recommenda- tions are herein suggested to the Legislature which will make this law more effective as well as more easily observed by the fish- erman. He cannot always weigh a lobster, but it is not a difficult mat^ ter to apply a measure, as is done throughout the East. The number of pounds of lobsters taken in Los Angeles County in 1892 were 128,425. The increase in the fishery is shown by the receipts in the Los Angeles markets alone in 1895: Pounds. January 9,502 February 9,225 March 19,765 April 15,114 May 5,743 June Pounds. July - - 8,891 August 14,323 September.. 15,056 October... 17,129 November 13,917 December 15,073 Total 143,738 Under the present law it is made a misdemeanor to sell STEELHEAD steelhead trout between November 1st and April 1st; TROUT. and, as these fish cannot be taken in any numbers except during that period, the enforcement of this law caused the marketmen of San Francisco to take a case into court, claiming that these fish, having the habits of salmon, must therefore be salmon and not trout, as your Commission maintains. Our stand is taken upon the advice of such high authority as Drs. David Starr Jordan and Charles H. Gilbert, of Stanford University. The evidence submitted was so conflicting that the Police Judge dismissed the case. This law was framed and passed with the idea of giving these fish the necessary opportunity to come in from the ocean and reach the spawning-grounds in the headwaters of our coast streams. It is our opinion that this object will be attained, and a sufficient number of fish reach the head- waters to keep up the supply, even if an open season of three months be made during the period of their run. Recommendations for legislation affecting these fish follow hereafter. While the supply of crabs {Cancer- magister) is still equal CRABS. to the demand, the fishery shows that this species is gradu- ally becoming more scarce, for the fisherman is obliged to go a greater distance for his catch. The protection of this branch of the fishery industry should receive the attention of the Legislature, and the recommendations hereafter suggested by us should materially help to restore a fishery worth, in 3892, some $102,900. o Vi o a K X l-H o o o h4 at, a K w z o REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 15 The status of the San Francisco market, the chief center SAN FRANCISCO of the fishery industry, is so well summed up in the MARKET. report of Mr. W. A. Wilcox, and the manner and methods of taking and handling the catch so tersely described, that we make the following extract therefrom: "The fresh-fish business of San Francisco presents few changes or improyements» Fish are handled in the same primitive manner often described and always noticed by every one that takes any interest in visiting the fish markets. The fish are seldom dressed and but a small amount of ice is used. * * * Six days in the week, every week in the year, with the exception of a few stormy days, the little lateen-rigged fish- ing-boats sail out in the morning for the same fishing-grounds, with the same kind of fishing-gear, nets, or trawls ; with little trouble they catch the same varieties of fish, and the evening finds them back in their fishing-dock." (p. 197.) "The fresh-fish mar- kets of San Francisco are interesting and in some respects unique. In them one may buy a single pound of fish or a carload, both wholesale and retail business being carried on at the same stand. About 12,000,000 pounds of fresh fish are handled annually, exclu- sive of those in the Chinese markets. Large quantities of oysters, clams, mussels, shrimp, and crabs are sold annually. * * * The fresh and salt waters of the State are rich in quantity and variety of animal life, and fishery products from all over the State find their way to this market. It is said that over 275 species of fish are found in the waters of the State, although many of these are not used as food, except by the frugal Chinese, who rarely permit anything to goto waste." (p. 208.) "The quantity of fishery product annually withdrawn from these waters is enormous, but it is doubtful if the full resources are utilized or appreciated." (p. 196.) Monterey Bay fisheries are as abundantly supplied as MONTEREY BAY. ever, The number of salmon taken during the last two summers has been enormous. The catch was so large this year that the Sacramento River Packers Association opened a can- nery at Monterey. The fisheries of Southern California were augmented SOUTHERN by the building of a cannery at San Pedro, in 1895, CALIFORNIA, by the TIaniman Fish Company, for the canning of sardines, lobsters, mackerel, barracuda, etc. This cannery was supplied with the latest appliances and gave great promise of enormously increasing the output. Unfortunately, it was completely destroyed by fire in June of this year. The sardine cannery of the California Fish Company, at East San Pedro, has been in operation continuously since our last report, and is most successful. The San Diego fisheries are the only ones in the State which show a falling off. This is due in a large part to their limited market. 16 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. The export trade in fishery products is summed up in EXPORTS, the following table: Value of Exports of Fishery Products from San Francisco.* Article. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. Codfish : $26,681 00 Dried fish ! 34,439 00 Salmon, canned ' 1,810,567 00 Salmon, in barrels i 46,986 00 Other canned fish 10,715 00 Oysters | 9,655 00 Other shell-fish ' 226,063 00 $21,412 00 27,043 00 621,336 00 44,157 00 9,828 00 7,432 00 188,532 00 $16,557 00 39,558 00 1,766,619 00 43,028 00 13,397 00 7,369 00 167,453 00 $21,945 00 20,351 00 2,285,711 00 42,756 00 25,820 00 7,151 00 179,734 00 Totals - $2,165,106 00 $919,740 00 $2,053,981 00 $2,583,468 00 *Figures furnished by U. S. Customs officials, San Francisco. In the enforcement of the laws we have done all that was ENFORCING possible; and, while not claiming to have covered all of THE LAWS, the territory under our jurisdiction, which would be impos- sible with ten times as many men as our funds will per- mit of our employing, we do claim to have given the food fishes all the protection possible, and to have so placed our men that the best service was rendered to the most important interests placed in our charge. Our purpose has been to give the salmon fisheries that SALMON supervision and protection which is necessary to insure PROTECTION, the run of fish reaching the headwaters of our rivers, so that a sufficient number of eggs may be taken to keep up the supply. An effectual patrol of the bays and rivers from San Francisco to Redding has been maintained during the close season. During both the spring and fall runs our deputies have been kept on the river with in- structions to examine the nets and ascertain if the legal-sized mesh was in use and see that the Saturday-Sunday law was not violated. We have hired the launch " Hustler " for this patrol, and have found her well adapted to the river work. The number of arrests made has not been large, because such heavy fines have been imposed under the present laws that the fishermen do not care to take the chances of being caught and convicted. When arrested, they have, almost without exception, fought the cases in court rather than plead guilty, as was their habit when the penalty was less severe. Thousands of feet of sturgeon lines, the use of which is STURGEON now prohibited by law, have been taken up; and, never LINES. having been claimed, are now in our possession. We are determined to break up the use of this gear, as none more destructive to fish of every kind is in use. REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 17 The collections of licenses from fishermen who use a boat LICENSES, and net have been made by the patrol department, and a statement showing the amount collected and the number and classes issued will be found in the Appendix. To the enforcement of the fishery laws upon Russian River RUSSIAN we have given much attention, and in the winter, months, RIVER. during the run of steelheads, we have maintained a day and night patrol of that part of Russian River where nets can be used. The laws have been effectually enforced and the patrol made numerous arrests. Many set-nets have been taken from the river, whose owners were either unknown or against whom legal proof could not be established. These nets were surrendered to the keeping of the Justices before whom complaints were made. A patrol of the trout streams has been maintained during TROUT the close season, especially of those nearest San Francisco, STREAMS, which are oftenest visited by poachers, resulting in the practical stopping of illegal fishing. As a result of patrol- ing one stream for a few days and then transferring our deputy to another, we have effectually covered much territory, and kept the streanis free from poachers by reason of the uncertainty of the movements of the patrol. We have used every effort and taken every opportunity to EXPLOSIVES, break up the pernicious habit of killing fish with ex- plosives, and are glad to say that we have, in one or two instances, succeeded in punishing the guilty parties. It is but seldom that the transgressor can be caught, as he does not use the explosive save when he thinks himself unobserved, and it takes him but a few minutes to remove every evidence which would in any way incriminate him, although the result of his guilty actions are apparent on every hand, and the destruction wrought by his dastardly act is not soon repaired. In an endeavor to enforce the law prohibiting the use BIG GUNS, of shotguns of larger caliber than ten-gauge, We kept a deputy in the field in the San Joaquin Valley during the greater part of the shooting season of 1895-96. He made several arrests, but secured but one conviction, though he was heartily supported by the District Attorney of Merced County. We are satisfied, however, that his presence in this section had a good effect on the pot-hunters, and to a great extent stopped the use of big guns. Many new ladders have been built upon dams throughout FISH- the State, and we have made it our constant care to see LADDERS, that all ladders have been kept in repair and open for the passage, of fish. The construction of a suitable fish-ladder upon the dam of the Folsom Water Power Company at Folsom was completed in April, 1896. It is 2— F 18 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. constructed of rock and cement, is 12 to 18 feet wide, with a fall of one foot in seven, and permits the passage of fish from the pool at the base of the dam up into the canal near the head-gates. To this point the ladder is satisfactory, but the question has been raised regarding the ability of fish to pass the head-gates as they are now operated, owing to the outpouring volume of water. It was our intention to test this point by the use of nets above the head-gates, but no opportunity was had this past season, as there was no apparent run of shad or other migra- tory fish below the dam. The ladder has not been accepted by your Commission, and will not be until all doubt of its working has been removed. A reliable correspondent at Auburn reports the presence of shad in the American River below that point and above the Folsom dam. A passageway for fish has been cut in the rock on the east side of the dam in the American River near Folsom, owned by the American River Ditch and Milling Company, which removes all doubt of fish being able to pass this obstruction. The construction of a fish-ladder upon the dam in the Tuolumne River, above La Grange, is delayed, owing to the fact that it is the joint property of the Modesto and Turlock irrigation districts, which are now prevented from any proceedings by an injunction pending a decision from the United States Supreme Court regarding the constitutionality of the Wright Irrigation Law. The engineering difficulties in constructing a fish-ladder upon this dam are great. The top of the dam is 98 feet above the bed of the river, and the conformation of the banks will make the construction and maintenance of a fishway a difficult and expensive undertaking. The run of migratory fishes at this point is not large. The number of sal- mon that enter this' stream to spawn is small, and after its waters are taken out for irrigating purposes, will probably decrease. We are of the opinion that the construction of a ladder upon this dam is not war- ranted, and would be of little or no benefit to the people or the fish. The dam in the Klamath River at Pokegama, in Siskiyou County, has been the source of much trouble and damage to the tributary streams above that point. The ladder built in 1894 was washed out during the high water in the spring of 1895, but was replaced in the fall of that year. It was again carried away in January, 1896, and now different plans have been furnished for its reconstruction. Owing to the loss of this ladder we were prevented from taking the usual number of rainbow trout eggs at the Shovel Creek station. It is to be regretted that the law does not permit the Board to cause many of the old ladders upon the dams in the Truckee River to be re- placed, as many of them are small and badly located upon the dams; but. en a: < 0 w h-( Pi REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 19 as the owners built them according to plans furnished by previous Com- missioners, we are unable to rectify the matter until they are destroyed. Many complaints have come to this office concerning the condition of some of the ladders and dams in the Truckee River in the State of Nevada, it being claimed that fish could not pass over them in their annual run from Pyramid Lake. We have upon several occasions called the atten- tion of the Nevada Commissioner to these dams, and regret to inform you that the matter has not been treated in the considerate manner our mutual interests in this valuable stream would seem to deserve. A new ladder has been constructed on the dam in the Little Truckee, at Boca; and, the gates in the dam some miles above that point having been removed, the fish can now pass the entire length of this valuable stream. The conditions in the Truckee River basin were never more to the satisfaction of the sportsman than at present. ' The law prohibiting the dumping of "shavings, slabs, SAWDUST, edgings, and mill and factory refuse " into streams has been rigidly enforced everywhere. In the summer of 1895 the Attorney-General, at the request of your Commission, obtained an injunction from the Superior Court of Sacramento County restraining the Truckee Lumber Company and the State Line Mill Company from dumping their mill and factory refuse into the Truckee River, since which time it has been free from deleterious matter. An appeal to the Supreme Court was taken by the Truckee Lumber Company in May, 1896. If a decision is rendered in time, it is our intention to include extracts from it in the Appendix to this report, as well as from the brief filed by the Attorney-General. The matter of the placing of screens at the heads of water SCREENS. ditches has received due attention. In many cases screens have been placed in ditches by order of the Board. There are, however, many irrigating ditches in the State where the placing of screens is considered inadvisable and unnecessary. The use of screens with meshes small enough to exclude trout fry would, in many cases practically shut off the water from the ditch. It is true that some of these ditches carry many small fish on to the fields to die, but the total value of the fish products of these streams does not equal the one thou- sandth part of the value of these waters to the orchards and fields. That we have in these matters exercised and carried out the intention of the Legislature is not open to question. The importance of the work in Southern California and Humboldt County has made it advisable to keep a man stationed in each of these localities during certain seasons of the year. By this means the super- vision of the commercial fisheries and the enforcement of the fish and 20 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. game laws has been been better subserved. We are glad to report that these districts are to-day in better condition than ever before. Section 626i of the Penal Code, as amended by the last GAME LAWS. Legislature, has unfortunately made some enemies for game protection, since it allows the sale of game birds but two months in the year, while it is made lawful to shoot them during four months. This is indisputably good law, although it has been called class legislation. However unjust the claim may be that it is a dis- crimination in favor of sportsmen, it cannot be denied but that an adverse public sentiment has been aroused, particularly evidenced by the discharge of offenders tried by the Police Court of San Francisco. It is an undisputed fact that the game of this State is decreasing. It therefore follows that it needs protection, not only within the confines of this State, but also in Alaska, where the destruction of wild-fowl eggs does more to decrease the abundance of ducks than does hunting them here. Our game is too valuable a resource not to receive the considera- tion it demands at the hands of our people; but, until all classes are united for the common purpose of protection, a law like the present one only serves to incite the aggrieved parties to disobey it, and that leads to the infringement of other laws. The repeated failures to convict the dealers arrested for selling game when it could be legally shot but not sold, is, in itself, sufficient to prove that public sentiment does not sustain the law. The law does not place the restriction upon the market-hunter that is claimed for it. Many birds are from the opening of the killing season placed in cold storage until such time as they can be legally sold. Complaints against the workings of this law have been made to your Commission from all sec- tions of the State. The press of the State has voiced public sentiment in its demand that the seasons shall be made alike to all. We recommend that restrictions upon the sportsman and the market- hunter be made alike. We realize that this will be opposed by some sportsmen, but the law will then receive public approval and end the effective cry before a jury that it is legislation for the sportsmen against the people, and that sportsmen do not care to protect the game, except for themselves, and not for'a food supply. The marketmen are in favor of game protection, but insist that the open season, be it longer or shorter, shall be the same for all. It is well known that kindly feelings do not exist between the so-called sportsmen and the market hunters and dealers. All have their rights, and it is not our intention to advocate laws favorable to any class. We simply recommend that such laws be enacted as will serve the best interests of all. A special effort was made to enforce Section 626i, and prohibit the buy- ing and selling of game in the markets of San Francisco, both before and REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS, 21 after the season allowed by law. Evidence of the most conclusive char- acter was introduced in court by Deputy Attorney-General Jackson, who conducted the prosecutions, yet it was impossible to convict except in one case. In several of the strongest cases every effort was made to convict, but a verdict of "not guilty" was returned so quickly by the juries that the Police Judges stated, in dismissing the balance of the cases, that they were satisfied that, though the evidence was conclusive, convictions could not be had under the law, and that they could not block the administration of justice in their courts by giving places on the calendar to such cases. Orders were given by the various Judges to issue no more complaints under that section. So unpopular is this law, and so sure were the marketmen of the result of all arrests, that but little effort was made to conceal their violations. Most any one, unless he were a recognized officer, could buy game birds at any time, and we were powerless to prevent it. In order that the dealers might not lose their regular customers, many of them who would otherwise have observed the law were obliged to sell game out of season, because other dealers less conscientious were doing so. These dealers when arrested, rather than suffer the annoyance of a trial, pleaded guilty and a small fine was imposed, making our record of convictions less humiliating. In the counties where &ame Wardens have been GAME WARDENS, appointed, the success of the system has been fully demonstrated. The people observe these laws and demand their enforcement, and the courts have supported the Wardens in their administration. It is unfortunate that more Boards of Super- visors have not been sufficiently alive to the value of these interests and appointed Game Wardens. One live man in each county of this State would effectually stop infractions of the law. On account of the vast area requiring protection, and the small force of men at our disposal, it has been impossible to keep a man in a given locality longer than a few days at a time. The presence of a deputy is sufficient to stop all poaching in that vicinity so long as he remains, but poaching is resumed as soon as he is ordered to other fields. This con- dition has been to some extent remedied in many sections by the appoint- ment of deputies who serve without pay. Their service, however, is not as efficient as it should be, because they cannot afford to spend much time, nor do they care to incur the displeasure of poachers. The pay- ment of a moderate salary to a man placed in a territory sufficiently small for him to cover well, will reduce poaching to a minimum. He may not make many arrests, but his presence will serve to warn violat- ors of what may be expected of an infringement of the law. Because we deem the present system for the enforcement of the fish and game laws to be inadequate, we invite your attention to recommenda- 22 REPORT OP STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. a TJ O o idge; bail. bb 0 =! 00 CD ■ !>» §■1 --^1 II cS p 'o 5 .b o .u ft" § a <0 m O 0)0 in Qj o 3 to e •"•" (h m CT* TO G a « 03 a> oio »H 1-H C^ N i(N i^ llN ■* Acquitted (M o ,5 E-( «* !£, i Paid Cost of Court.. C<| t 1 . 00 *£> 1 1 -1 1 C(5 oic i i x; o CO 6 Days' Imprisonment- .-1 IM ' ' lO 02 ■^^ oooo OOOO ■ ooo lo > iooo o « oooo t-OOO ] OIMO •<=> |0 |000 05 o Amount of Fines 05 OOO (N ooo cnooo 1 00 o OCO ' -HC510 i(M .O 'ICOO (M CO ICO i»H '■^(MC^J § C) 1-1 — le Si, a> 1 1 1 , 1 ic ; ; i« :g ; 1 m 1 1 ^ " 1 (3 ; 0) 1 o : I ■*-* 1 1 loll J=> § :s 1 . ; :S§ ;o ! rO , Ito-^ :±^ ; CO 1 •a o o 1 .1^ 1 , ; t" .& to -c . ' "2 t^ = p ' 1 1— m cS 3 1 : 1 to ; s : : p 1 " . O • «+-( 1 . (h • O . . 1- 1 o ; ; 03 ,-H 1 ir-r ;"e3 5 to >, 1 m C D *i 1 to O X 0^ ;:3 ■>-> *ii 01 * ccOco — c ' "*!;« " «^-^.2.2 ^.2 .2^2 ^-2-0 ij-rjojA^ — .li^tntogtom— «Om — i-c^ 05 lO a :CDC^5<3305i-l^t^'--HtO S 1 Number of Arrests.. (N i-lr- ■, I— t 1—1 1— < »* * CO 1-t a> a .4.> a (1> r-t H Tl si 5 o ■ U 0, t» fi a si n a 0) si *!> to a CJ a m ^ s 13 turn o t4 t» oi S .rH S cii CO a 03 to 03 t— n (J M o o3 t4 O H T3 (1) CJ s DC oj n ■o to ■a c £ a; w-< ^ n A o CO to & Ol a) (DO oj :?; 00 .c # T-lrHCO 5- <: w as a REPORT OP STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 23 tions for legislation which we think will, with little expense, save many- dollars to the State, and result in great benefit to our fish and game interests. That you may more readily see in detail the number and ARRESTS, character of arrests made by our deputies, we call attention to the table on opposite page, showing a record of the work in this regard. Never before in the history of the California Fish Commis- FISH sion have such rapid strides been made in the introduction CULTURE, and propagation of valuable food and game fishes as during the last two years. Having such varied characteristics of land and water formation, some suitable location can be found in this State for the transplanting of nearly every variety of food and game fish. To this cause, in great measure, is due the success of the Commission in securing such grand results. Dr. H. M. Smith, of the U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, says, in his paper already referred to: "The results attending the experimental introduction of aquatic food animals into the waters of the Pacific States must be regarded among the foremost achievements in fish culture. The striking illustrations here presented of the influence of man over the supply of free swimming anadromous fishes, to say nothing of his ability to affect the abundance of non-migratory species, are of great economic and scientific interest. Aside from the great economic results which have followed the introduction of east-coast fishes into the waters of the Pacific States, a very important basis has been furnished for judg- ing of the general effects of artificial methods in regions where the object of fish-cultural operations has been to maintain and increase the abundance of native species." (p. 379.) While our operations have in great measure been devoted to the prop- agation of the native species of fish, we have also endeavored to stock all- suitable waters with imported species, and have introduced several new varieties of trout. From a desire to further increase the run of salmon in the BATTLE Sacramento River, we caused a thorough investigation to be CREEK, made of its headwaters, with a view to establishing a spawn- ing station. This investigation covered a period of two seasons, and resulted in the erection of a hatchery near the mouth of Battle Creek, in Tehama County, in September, 1895. Battle Creek is the large stream of water which divides Tehama and Shasta counties on the east side of the Sacramento River. It takes its source from Mount Lassen, and carries a large volume of water during the entire year. It is not subject to floods during the early winter months. Salmon enter this stream in large numbers during the months of October and No- vember. The Battle Creek station is located on the lands of Mr. Frank R. Love, of Anderson, who generously donated to the State a lease for five years of such land as was required for buildings. The necessary water is supplied to the hatchery from Battle Creek through a ditch some three 24 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. quarters of a mile long. The right of way for this ditch was also donated by Mr. Frank R. Love and Messrs. J. & A. Nunes. The building erected is 90 by 40 feet, and is fitted with sixty hatching- boxes, a capacity of ten million eggs. The salmon are retained at the station by a rack or weir, placed across the creek, which is 173 feet long, and is sufficiently supported by five bulkheads to withstand a rise of 6 feet in the water. The building, racks, and equipments cost the State $2,600, less $500 donated by the salmon canneries on the Sacramento River. The bills were paid out of the Fish Commission Fund. The work of construction was begun in September, 1895, and the first spawn was taken on the 21st of the following month. On November 12th, the full capacity of the hatchery — ten million — was reached. The run of spawn-fish showed no signs of abatement at the time we ceased operations, and the racks were removed from the creek that the balance of the run might pass up to their natural spawning-grounds. Double the amount of spawn could have been taken had the capacity of our hatchery permitted. The eggs taken were eyed at Battle Creek and then forwarded to Sis- son to be hatched, the latter place being deemed a more suitable and economical point for distribution. We sent one million eggs to the United States hatchery at Clackamas, Or., and were thereby pleased to repay in part some of the many kindnesses received from the National Commission. Summary of Salmon Output from Battle Creek Spawning Station during Year of 1895. Point of Shipment. Eggs. Fry. Sisson Hatchery :. U. S. Commission station, Clackamas, Oregon. Total --- 9,000,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 This location is most favorable for the taking of salmon spawn, there being almost no limit to the number of eggs which can be secured there with proper apparatus. In order that every advantage might be taken of the benefits of the station, realizing that large appropriations would be necessary for us to carry on the work, we made a proposition to Capt. John J. Brice, U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, to enlarge and operate it. The matter received his prompt attention. One of his staff in Washington was detailed to visit the station and to report upon its advantages. This report so pleased him that he visited the station and made personal investigations. He attended the August meeting of this Board and requested the privilege of erecting temporary buildings that would enable him to handle the surplus after we had filled our hatchery. He stated that he was desirous of purchasing the station, but that before REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 25 this could be done it would be necessary for Congress to make an appro- priation for the purpose. You will recall that we submitted this entire question for your approval before entering into these negotiations. We deem it to the State's best interests that this station be sold to the U. S. Commission at cost, and the moneys so received applied to increasing the capacity of the hatchery at Sisson, or to the establishment of another salmon station. The Sisson hatchery has been operated to its full capacity dur- SISSON. ing the last two years, as the summary of distributions from that station will show. It would be a material assistance to our work if the capacity of this station could be increased. The greater portion of the summer and fall take of salmon eggs at the United States station at Baird, on the McCloud River, were sent to us as usual, and hatched at Sisson. They numbered 3,587,000 in 1894, and 6,750,800 in 1895. All of the new varieties of trout distributed throughout the State were hatched here; also the native rainbow and cut- throat eggs received from the Shovel Creek and Tahoe stations, and the take of salmon eggs at Battle Creek. A lease for five years of the ground just west of the old nurseries was obtained from Mrs. L. M. Sisson for the nominal sum of $1, and a small lake constructed thereon by raising an embankment on two sides. We could not have handled the large number of salmon eggs hatched there without this lake, as the capacity of the hatchery was entirely inade- quate. The alevins were put in the lake soon after hatching, and after the sac was absorbed the young fry were daily fed until the screens were removed and they were allowed to escape into streams tributary to the Sacramento. This lake, together with Sisson and Klink's lakes, which are leased by us, afford ample rearing ponds for fish. Sisson Lake now contains large-mouth black bass, and 20,000 brown trout fry have been placed in Klink's Lake, where they will be kept for breeding purposes, and the new lake now contains some 3,000 Loch Leven trout, from which we hope to obtain spawn another season. Summary of Distribution of Fish From Sisson Hatchery during Years 1895 and 1896. Species. 1890. 1896. Fry. Yearlings and Adults. Fry. Yearlings and Adults. Salmon . 3,435,000 1,970,000 105,000 197,000 5,000 65,000 ! 14,283,180 1,741,650 Cut-throat trout Kainbow trout Eastern Brook trout Dolly Varden trout 2,000 Mackinaw trout 300 1,697 Loch Leven trout 314 lOSJODO' German Brown trout Landlocked salmon 250 " Totals 5.777 000 SI 4 16 131 830 "> 947 \ 26 KEPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. The golden trout which were brought to us by the members GOLDEN of the Visalia Sportsmen's Club, were placed in one of our TROUT, ponds at the Sisson hatchery, where they thrived until attacked, just before the spawning period in 1895, by some disease, which killfed them all. The operations at Shovel Creek station, both in 1895 and 1896, SHOVEL were almost a failure, because the ladder on the dam in the CREEK. Klamath River at Pokegama was washed out by the high water. For this reason the take was barely sufficient to enable us to fulfill our agreement with the Fish Commissioner of Nevada to give him 300,000 rainbow-trout spawn in exchange for a like number of eastern brook-trout eggs. Summary of Jiainbotv Output from Shovel Creek Spawning Station for Years 1895 and 1896. Point of Shipment. 1895. 1896. Eggs. Fry. Eggs. Fry. TJ. S. Fish Com. Stations— Wytheville, Va. 10,000 10,000 113,000 126,500 Neoshio, Mo - .. Nevada Fish Commission 125,600 Sisson Hatchery . .. . Wawona Hatcliery 320,000 Shovel Creek 10,500 25,656 Totals 259,500 10,500 445,000 25,000 BEAR LAKE TAHOE. It has not been deemed expedient to operate the Bear Valley hatchery in Marin County during the last two years, for the VALLEY, reason that it was more economical to concentrate our hatch- ery operations at Sisson. The amount of cut-throat trout spawn taken at Lake Tahoe has exceeded that taken in any previous two years. The hatch- ery at Tahoe City has been operated to its fullest capacity, all of the eggs, with the exception of those hatched at the new hatchery near Tallac, being eyed there. The water-supply at this station is hardly sufficient for the needs of the work, and with the increased take during the last two years it has been rather a difficult matter to carry on the work with the crowded condition of the boxes. This condition was somewhat relieved by shipping the eggs to the Sis- son hatchery as soon as possible. A temporary hatchery was erected by M. Lawrence & Co., TALLAC. proprietors of the Tallac House at Lake Tahoe, on Taylor Creek, in 1895, but the water-supply was not satisfactory. This year a permanent building was placed by them some three miles from the hotel, on a stream which affords a supply adequate to every need. The operation of this hatchery was placed under the control of o M cn O U a OS o a « w w u o REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 27 this Commission, upon condition that we operate it to its greatest capacity and place the fry in public waters in that vicinity. Our opera- tions at Lake Tahoe have been promoted in every way possible by M. Lawrence & Co., and other residents. Operations were carried on both years on Taylor and Blackwood creeks, the former proving more productive, as the following table shows : Take of Cut-Throat Trout Eggs at Lake Tahoe. 1895. 1896. Taylor Creek Blackwood Creek Totals 4,240,000 160,000 4,400,000 4,014,700 349,300 4,364,000 Incident to our operations at Lake Tahoe, an unfortunate working of the law for the protection of trout ought to be mentioned. From this locality are annually taken for the markets over 50,000 pounds of trout. The season for taking trout opens on April 1st. An examination of our spawning records will show that the trout of Lake Tahoe do not begin to spawn before April, that the greater number spawn in the latter part of April and during May, and that a considerable number do not spawn until June. This is equally true of the fish in lakes Donner, Independ- ence, and Webber, and the tributary streams. These fish are in the best marketable condition from July to January. This matter has been called to the attention of the Boards of Supervisors of El Dorado, Placer, and Nevada counties, but with the exception of Placer County no action has been taken. Summary of Distribution of Fish from Tahoe Hatcheries during Years 1895 and 1896. Station. Point of Shipment. 1895. 1896. Eggs. Fry. Eggs. Fry. Taylor Creek .. Waters in vicinity 400,000 Tallac Waters in vicinity 728,000 Tahoe City .-. Waters in State 890,000 1,023,000 J. Annin, Jr., Caledo- nia, N.Y.... N. Y. Fish Commission. Sisson Hatchery Wawona Hatchery U. S. Fish Commission Car, No. 3 25,000 25,000 2,160,000 500,000 * 200,000 1,910,000 200,000 Home Products E.xpo- sition 16,000 Totals 2,910,000 1,290,000 2,126,000 1,751,000 ♦Alevins. 28 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. The inaccessibility of the region in and about the WAWONA. Yosemite National Park has made it extremely diffi- cult to stock its numerous waters with fish. This diffi- culty was obviated by the erection and equipment of a branch hatchery at Wawona, Mariposa County, in the spring of 1895, by Messrs. Wash- burn Bros., proprietors of the Yosemite-Raymond stage line. This hatchery was turned over to this Commission, to be operated upon con- dition that an annual hatch of 500,000 trout eggs should be distributed in that vicinity. This station is well located geographically, but unfor- tunately the temperature of the water rises considerably during July and August. In 1895 the first shipment of cut-throat trout eggs reached Wawona on June 10th, but by sending eggs to this station in April, this year much better success attended the season's work. At the close of operations in 1895 we caused a thorough investigation to be made of the streams and lakes of the Yosemite National Park, in order that an intelligent distribution might thereafter be made. Acting upon the result of these investigations we made a special effort this year to stock the most favorable waters of the Park. The result is shown in the table of distribution in the Appendix. Summary of Distribution from Wawona Hatchery. 1895. 1896. Cut-throat fry Eainbow fry .. 293,000 160,000 2^4,000 Totals 293,000 444,000 In the operation of this station 'our men have at all times received the cordial support and aid of Messrs. Washburn. In the distribution of fish from the Wawona hatchery we have been materially assisted by the United States troops stationed near Wawona. In 1895, Capt. Alex. Rodgers, and in 1896, Col. S. B. M. Young, Fourth Cavalry, U. S. A., placed their teams and pack trains at our service and detailed the necessary officers and men to assist us. It will be seen from the list of distributions of fish from DISTRIBUTION, the Wawona hatchery that the entire shipment leaving the building did not always reach the streams named. The distributing trips consumed from two to four days with pack trains over trails sometimes almost impassable. Considering the difficulties encountered, all concerned were gratified if a sufficient number were placed in the lake or stre^,m to eventually stock it. Fish cans, especially adapted to the transportation of fish by pack animals, were designed for this work; and with the new, large round cans purchased, we are now well equipped for distributing fish throughout the State. In the distribution of fish in the counties where Game Wardens were REPORT OF STATE BOARD OP FISH COMMISSIONERS. 29 appointed, the fry have been consigned to them, and they have given them a wider distribution than otherwise would have been possible; and for this reason those counties have been favored with larger con- signments than counties where there is no Game Warden. With the exception of the landlocked salmon and Mackinaw FRY and Loch Leven trout, all the fish distributed from eggs PLANTING, hatched at our stations have been feeding fry. We are alive to the advantages of planting yearlings, and aware of the position taken by the National and State Commissions upon this question, but the conditions in our waters are much different than in the Eastern streams. Our mountain streams are in the main free from darters and other predaceous fishes, except trout. Our laws do not permit the closing of the portion of streams stocked, nor do they regulate the size of trout to be taken. The unqualified success of the planting of trout fry in this State, and the greatly added expense of rearing any considerable number of yearlings under our present limited appropriations, make it inadvisable and impracticable. The fact that hand-fed fish also lose the instinct of self-preservation to a great degree, must be taken into consideration. The success of planting salmon fry, as soon as possible after the sac is absorbed, in the headwaters of the Sacramento River, cannot be questioned. A close inspection of these small streams during the last few winters has shown them to be swarming with young salmon that immediately seek shelter upon the approach of the observer. The U. S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries brought out LAKE and planted in the waters of the Feather River, near Grid- CUYAMACA. ley, and in Lake Cuyamaca, San Diego County, in 1891, 500 catfish {Ictalarus punctatus), 6,980 yellow perch {Perca flavescens), 2,610 large-mouth black bass {Micropterus salmoides), 285 crappie {Pomoxis annularis and P. sparoldes), 500 rockbass {Amhlo- plites rupestris), 500 pickerel {Lucius vermicuJatus), and a number of green sunfish {Lepomis cyanellus) and golden shiners (Notemigonus crys- oleucas). It is reported that these fish have done well in the Feather River; just how well it is, of course, impossible to tell. In order that the National Commission might know the results attained in Lake Cuyamaca, we sent a representative there in January, 1896, who reported that large numbers of all of the above varieties were found except the crappie and rockbass. Upon application, permission was granted by Mr. L. F. Doolittle, Secretary of the San Diego Flume Company, to take fish from the lake for distribution. As early as the weather would per- mit, we sent two of our men to Lake Cuyamaca, who secured sufficient fish to make a total distribution of 541 large-mouth black bass, 27 pickerel, 454 yellow perch, 116 sunfish, and 253 shiners (fish food). These fish were nearly all full grown, varying in size from one half to five pounds, and most of them with ripe spawn, so that good results. 30 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. may be expected in all waters stocked. We placed the bass in the Sac- ramento River, in Tulare and Clear lakes and their tributaries, believing that they will thrive in those waters on the carp and suckers found there in large numbers. We have also stocked several ponds and lakes in various parts of the State with these varieties, reserving the right to take fish from them at any time for stocking purposes. We have also placed a number of fish in one of the ponds at Sisson, where we intend holding them for breeding purposes. For the purpose of distribution during the two seasons SMALL-MOUTH last passed we have drawn upon the supply of small- BLACK BASS. mouth black bass in the lake of the Benicia Water Company, in conformity with the contract made when this lake was stocked. Through the courtesy of Mr. James L. Flood we have also been permitted to take this variety of bass from his lake. The largest distribution of black bass ever made in this State was made dur- ing the season of 1895. The chief source of supply was Russian River, where the fry was taken in large numbers. Unfavorable conditions this year made it impossible to take any fry from this stream. We received 100,000 Mackinaw {Salvelinus namaycush) IMPORTATIONS, from the U. S. Fish Commission station at North- ville, Mich., and 10,000 landlocked salmon [Salmo solar sehago) from Greenlake, Me., in 1895. In exchange for a like num- ber of German brown trout {Salvio fario) eggs, we sent Mr. J. Annin, Jr., of Caledonia, N. Y., 25,000 cut-throat spawn in 1895. We also purchased 100,000 eggs of this variety from him; and, with the 10,000 received from Hoopa Valley, through the courtesy of the U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, a total of 135,000 were hatched at Sisson. Our request for a carload of large-mouth black bass was granted by the U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, and in June, 1895, Car No. 3 reached here with 2,600 fingerlings. The expense of trans- porting this car from Ogden Avas jointly borne by the Spring Valley Water Company and your Commission, with the understanding that one half the bass should be placed in their ladies. These bass arrived in splendid condition, and were distributed as follows: Lake Merced -. 300- Crystal Springs Lake ^ 1,000 Buena Vista Lake, Kern County-... 50 'Gay Pond, San Diego County 50 Elsinore Lake, Riverside County 50 Sisson Lalce, for breeders 1,200 Total 1.- - - 2,650 Besides the bass, the car contained several other varieties of fish, which were distributed as follows: Elsinore Lake, 18 sunfish {Lepomis cyanellus); Balsa Chico River, Orange County, 18 sunfish (same REPOKT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 31 variety), 8 Warmouth bass {Chxnohryttus gulosus), and 18 catfish {Ictalarus pwictatus). The following were sent to Sisson and placed in one of the rearing-ponds: 12 yearling white bass, 12 yearling War- mouth bass, and 3 adult yellow perch. Applications , are now on file with Hon. J. J. Brice, U. S. Com- missioner of Fish and Fisheries, for a carload of pike-perch or wall- eyed pike, and alewives. We are also desirous of obtaining a further supply of landlocked salmon and Loch 'Leven, Mackinaw, and German brown trout eggs. Applications will be made in due time for these, as well as the blue crabs and diamond-back terrapin, which we believe will do well in our waters. We have had some negotiations with U. S. Commissioner Brice and members of his staff, relative to planting in the Pacific Ocean certain varieties of Atlantic deep-sea fishes. 32 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. s e S 8 e J. ^ C^ ooooo OOO O ITS O «3 iCi O CO O CO-* O lO lO od" co" bo bo =^ q Hi E3 -i-^ o o o in" o o>o in i^ CO -H r^ Tt" !© CO i 05 TjKMinrH in o in ■* »H (N I N lO" o in ii o pi "3 cj S O oj 3 *i <^ -W H r^S (> 01 ^Jj Oj Ol o S*^ o 5;< o c =2 O 03 to u o a -^ o C a V O o a a 02 3 O 0) M cs3 O CO 00__ in CO o o o 05 CO o o 05 CO o o o co" 00 CO ID tl ■^ C 5 C tn S o =3 (x,;>HO-i- p. p. a 00 p o (n C3 WS c^ o a> -^ u cSo cc aj cci; • 03 t^m o3 (-1 '^i -l O J2 u % H CO > 0) o c3 o ^ m t> 03.S3 > 7J CB o o P l^ 03 'c — ; o aj tC'3 C«)-H TO O '^''cSi' 03'-^ - ■-i c3 C -> >i >-.>■. >» =f 3 d S 3 3 • ^Q) o ^ dJ ^ CO >«•;>■> _,K^ >-^ ^ • OS ^ C^ ^ ^ o o o o o O H REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 33 In February and March of 1896, at the request of the CRABS AND fishermen and others of Los Angeles County, we trans- CLAMS. planted, in prime condition, from the waters about San Francisco to those off the coast of Los Angeles County, 116 large crabs ( Cancer magister) — 56 males and 60 females. At our request the Supervisors of Los Angeles County passed an ordinance prohibiting the taking of this crab for three years. To show his appreciation of the above work, Mr. J. L. DeJarnatt, Vice-President of the Haniman Fish Company, of San Pedro, presented us with 8,000 razor-back clams, and these, together with 7,000 more which we purchased, were planted as follows : San Francisco Bay, in outlet of San Leandro Creek 4,000 San Pablo Bay, in outlet of Petaluma Creek 4,000 Richardson's Bay .-.. 3,500 Tomales Bay, near Hamlet 3,500 15,000 No attempt has yet been made to examine into the results of this experiment. Reports upon the result of the attempt to acclimatize the PHEASANTS. Mongolian pheasant in 1894 indicate that the experiment has not been altogether successful. It was deemed best by our predecessors to pursue a method which has been fruitful of good results in Oregon. The old birds were sent to citizens in different parts of the State, and were confined in aviaries. They were to be held and their young turned loose. The hen pheasant will not sit on her eggs in confinement, and the attempt to hatch the eggs under domestic hens, as is done in Oregon, was not encouraging, as most of the chicks died when quite young. As a result of this experiment a few birds were turned loose, but we believe that better results will be obtained by turning the birds loose in favorable localities. A large number of birds have been imported into different sections of the State, notably in Santa Clara, Kern, and Tehama counties, and turned loose, and the most encour- aging reports come to us regarding their welfare. We are of the opinion that this pheasant can readily adapt himself to the natural conditions of our State, and believe that the start already made to acclimatize him will be successful. The Commission has given the matter of the protection GAME PRES- and cultivation of game considerable attention since the ERVATION. last Legislature made the appropriation applicable to game as well as to fish. It has been the practice of this and former Boards to give game all the protection possible, although no funds had ever before been provided for this work. With the small force of men at our disposal, the vast area to be covered, and the varied 3— F 34 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. fish interests demanding attention, it has not been possible to give this matter the attention it deserves. We are of the opinion that the protection and propagation of fish and game will be best subserved by a division of the work, giving to one set of officers the fish-cultural work and the supervision of the commercial fish interests, and to the other the enforcement of the game and game- fish laws. In order that we might inform ourselves and the better present the matter of game protection to you and the Legislature, and suggest the method most likely to be a success in California, we put ourselves in correspondence with the Fish Commissions and Wardens of the differ- ent States, asking for information concerning the protection of game, the success of the present methods, whatever they might be, and their ideas of the method most likely to accomplish the desired end. In many of the States, wardens are working under laws which enable them to thoroughly protect the game during the close season. Without a single exception all agree that the State is a great gainer when the proper attention is paid to game protection. In several of the States giving the most attention to game protection and cultivation, the fish and game interests are in the hands of one commission, which appoints and controls a game warden and his deputies, and these commissions report good results. In most of the States, however, the commissioners agree with us that, in order to get the best results, the game and fish interests should be separated.. In 1891 Minnesota took up the question of game preservation and enlarged the Fish Commission from three to five members, and made them the Board of Game and Fish Commissioners. They have an appropriation of $20,000, of which $9,000 is set aside for the salaries and expenses of game wardens. They also appoint an executive agent and superintendent of fisheries. Ohio has a Fish and Game Commission of five members, who appoint a warden. They have an appropriation of $9,500 per annum. These two States can combine the management of the two interests to good advantage, as their natural conditions are favorable to it. This statement is also true of Wisconsin, with an annual appropriation of $25,000. The game warden is appointed by the Governor, and is under the control of the Commission of Fisheries. This Commission favors the combining of the management of the two interests, but states that under existing circumstances the plan does not work well. New York and New Jersey are very much alive to the necessity of liberal support in these matters, as the amount of their appropriations show. New York expends $72,000 annually, and New Jersey $30,000. In 1895 New York consolidated her Fisheries and Forest Commissions, and placed the work in the hands of the Fisheries, Game, and Forest REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 35 Commission, composed of five members, the president receiving a salary of $5,000, and the others $1,000 per annum, with necessary expenses. They appoint a chief warden and thirty-six deputies, all under salary. New Jersey has a Fish and Game Commission of four members. The law provides for the appointment of twenty-five wardens, at a salary of $600 a year each, with an allowance of $200 a year for traveling expenses. These wardens are appointed by the Board of Fish and Game Commissioners, and out of the number so appointed the Board selects one to be chief fish and game protector, at a salary of $1,200 a year. It will therefore be seen that Minnesota, Wisconsin, Ohio, New York, and New Jersey all have large commissions, and the work is so divided among them that each branch receives its merited attention, and with their liberal appropriations they are able to employ a sufficient number of men to thoroughly cover their territory. With the exception of Ohio, these States are among the foremost in fish culture. With the exception of New York and New Jersey, none of these States have fisheries corresponding to our commercial fisheries, and this is true of New York only to a very limited extent. On the other hand, with the exception of the shell-fish industry, we have fisheries corresponding to all those found in any of the above-mentioned States, and, in addition, the salmon fishery, which ranks second in value in the United States; consequently, our fisheries, being more extensive than any of the States whose commissions advocate the consolidating of the management of the fish and game interests, demand more attention from us than do the fisheries of these other States. Our extended coast-line, along which the fisheries are developing, and demanding more careful attention year by year, is also a factor which does not enter into the work of any of these States, except New York and New Jersey, and with them only to a limited extent. Another factor entering into this comparison of the work necessary for game protection in this and the States named, is our vast area, almost equal to all of them combined. Quoting from the report of the California Fish Commission for 1893-94: " There is but one State which exceeds us in area; nine that have more salt-water area (gulfs, bays, sounds, etc.), and four that have more fresh-water area (lakes, rivers, etc.); but six States have more miles of developed coast-line (or main land in the direction of the ocean), and but one State — Florida — has more miles in general or straight coast-line." The Commission of Inland Fisheries and Game of Massachusetts deems it wiser to consolidate the management of the two interests, but from its reports we do not find that much attention is paid to game pro- tection. They are given an appropriation of $14,000 per annum. The other States favoring the consolidation referred to are Kansas and Utah. Both being inland States, the management of the fish and game interests 36 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. can perhaps be combined with advantage. In both these States the Fish and Game Commissioner is a salaried officer. The Fish and Game Commission of Connecticut is allowed $1,500 per year for salaries and expenses. They favor the consolidation of these interests. Their appropriations are all made for the propagation of fish. They say: "This State is doing substantially nothing to preserve game. It is advisable to protect the game of the State, and if not soon done there will be none to protect. This State should pay its Commissioners far better, and should make larger appropriations for the use of the Commission. * * * We hope for better things at the next session." The Vermont Fish and Game Commission, while favoring a consoli- dation for their State, say: "We think it depends much upon the size of the State, the amount of work expected to be done," etc. This com- mission has been greatly aided by the Vermont Fish and Game League, which has paid bills not legally acceptable to the State Auditor. The New Hampshire Fish and Game Commission write: "We favor one commission in an inland State and two in a seaboard State." Michigan has a Fish Commission and a Game and Fish Warden, and while the Fish Commission favors the placing of the administration of the fishery laws in its hands, it deems it wiser to keep the game and fish interests separated. The Commissioners say: "The propagation, distribution, and protection of game and game-fish is well enough, and is a matter to which the State may well give attention; but, in our opinion, the State is more deeply interested in the propagation, distri- bution, and protection of commercial fish than in anything else. Any Fish Commission which gives up its time to propagation, distribution, and protection of game and game-fish alone, is not living up to its pos- sibilities." Michigan is fully alive to the value of this work, and shows it by appropriating $33,200 annually for its maintenance. Pennsylvania has a Fisheries Commission and a Game Commission, each composed of six members. The annual appropriation for the use of the Fisheries Commission is $22,500. The Game Commission is given no appropriation. The Fish Commissioners favor the continua- tion of the existing conditions, and say: " In our State the fishing interests are many times more valuable than the game interests, so much so that the Fish Commission has always opposed mingling one with the other." Maryland has maintained a Fish Commission for many years, and at the last session of the Legislature passed an Act authorizing the appoint- ment of a game warden. He, as well as the two Fish Commissioners, are salaried officers. In 1893 the State of Oregon appointed a fish and game protector under salary, who succeeded the Fish Commission, composed of three members. He writes: " From nearly four years' experience I have become convinced REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 37 that it would be better to separate the authority and responsibility for the enforcement of the laws for the protection of food fish from that of the protection of game." The Fish Commissioner of Washington writes: ''I do not think that the protection of fish and game should be under one Commission, for the reason that, in our State, the commercial importance of the fisheries is so great that it demands the entire attention of one Commissioner and his deputies. I think the interests of the State would be best served by keeping the commissions for the protection and fostering of fish and game entirely separate. This State makes no appropriation for the pro- tection of its game. I am of the opinion that a sufl&cient amount should be appropriated to allow the game warden a fair salary for himself and deputies, and also a reasonable amount for traveling and incidental expenses." The Iowa and Nevada Fish Commissioners both favor consolidation, and believe in the protection of game, although this subject is receiving .no attention in either State. Good work, however, is being done in fish culture. There is a division of the work in Rhode Island, and the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries advocate a continuation of this policy, believing that it " requires men of especial fitness " for each department. Colorado has four game wardens, who receive a salary of $1,200 per year. The Fish Commissioner also receives a salary of $1,200 as game warden. An ex-Commissioner writes: " I think that the two branches of work should be separate. The union of the two branches interferes with each other in various ways in our State." The Secretary of the Illinois Fish Commission writes: "Personally, I am of the opinion that the supervision of the fisheries is a work by itself, and that the enforcement of the game laws should be in the hands of an entirely different set of men. I think the best interests of the State demand that the work should be divided." Illinois has three salaried game wardens, who are charged with the enforcement of the game laws. In reply to our question as to whether or not one Commission could supervise both interests with saving to the State, the Commissioner of Fisheries of Indiana replied: "It may be a direct saving to the State in money, but not in game and fish." The President of the Game and Fish Commission of Montana says: " Under the present circumstances, with no appropriation, one commis- sion is sufficient, but if we had an appropriation I think the interests demand separate game and fish commissions." The Fish Commissioner and State Game and Fish Warden of Wyom- ing writes: "I think that the supervision of the fisheries and the enforcement of the game laws are not closely connected in this State, 38 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. and I know that the Fish Commission cannot properly attend to both. It is to the State's best interests, in my opinion, to have the work divided; each one will then receive more attention." The Fish Commissioner of North Dakota says: "I do not think one commission can supervise both divisions with saving to the State. Its best interests, in my opinion, will be promoted by placing efficient officers at the head of the two departments." The State of Maine has divided the work by creating two commis- sions, that of Inland Fisheries and Game, having three members, and the Commission of Coast and Sea Fisheries, composed of one member. They each receive a salary of $1,000 a year, with necessary expenses. The Commissioners of Inland Fisheries and Game are allotted an appro- priation of $25,000 besides, and the Commissioner of Coast and Sea Fisheries has a special appropriation for his use. The former commis- sion appoints the necessary number of wardens, who receive $2 per day and expenses for every day actually employed. One of the Commis- sioners writes: "The value of fish and game is estimated at $3,000,000 annually. The fish are of more value to Maine than her game — twice as much, I should say. One half of our appropriation is expended in the protection of the game, which is increasing very rapidly, especially the deer, which I honestly believe are more numerous than sheep. I have been on the commission since 1872, At the start the appropria- tion was only $1,200 per year; since then it has gradually increased, and to-day the fish and game is one of the first, if not the first interest in the State, and brings in more revenue according to the money expended than any other interest we have. What we are doing the most of at present is the stocking of new lakes with new varieties of fish." Many of the conditions existing in this State are different from those existing in the States referred to, and for that reason we cannot pursue the policy followed by any one of them. Situated as we are, on the borders of an ocean, rich in fish beyond compare, with two great rivers emptying into large bays, and with countless lakes and streams among the mountains, we certainly have greater natural facilities for the pres- ervation and propagation of fish than any other State in the Union. The figures given in this report testify to the fact that the value of our fisheries, under the supervision which the State Boards of Fish Com- missioners have given them, are increasing; and that, under a continu- ance of this policy, the State must take the rank which is properly hers and continue to build up an industry which will make returns a thou- sandfold. The natural conditions of our State are also most favorable for game, and yet we are not giving the question of its preservation the attention it is receiving at the hands of most of the other States. It does not behoove the State to continue to neglect the game interests. We should ■J ■f, 7, A O < ■J w a u w o X REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 39 rather follow the example set by other States, none of which are more favored in this regard than are we. Minnesota, Michigan, Wis- consin, New York, Maine, New Jersey, Ohio, Colorado, New Hampshire, Vermont, Maryland, Oregon, Illinois, and Wyoming are yearly giving this subject more attention and more generous appropriation. The Fish Commission of this State certainly has its hands full in attending to the commercial fisheries, without caring for the great and varied game interests. We therefore believe that it would be for the best in- terests of the State to give to another commission or officer the enforce- ment of the game and game-fish laws, and leave to the Board of Fish Commissioners only the propagation of fish and the supervision of the commercial fisheries. We are aware of the fact that to preserve the game for the GAME. sportsman, be he local or foreign, means the turning of STATISTICS, many dollars into the hands of our people. If for no other reason than this, we could not fail to point out to you and the Legislature the advisability of protecting our game, but it means more than this. We herewith present a statement of figures taken from the books of all the game dealers of San Francisco and Los Angeles, showing the receipts of game for the entire season by counties, and one giving them by months, for the pupose of showing the magni- tude of this interest. Statements more in detail will be found in the Appendix. 40 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. a o 1 '5 cc 1 ■ . 100 rH C<0 'Ol IN > o P '• lOOOiOrH OOCOCD • rH 1 ?§ Ii-T 'OOCO 00 CD !c5 M cc C^I 1 lO 'y-t W 1-t • 'I-H rH O to in f— J 'i-nco-^O'-'rr'tOGOoooecico oooccaic^'Oi^O'rn> C-J CO oo CO CO 00 CO CI 00 l^ r-( CJ C^ 1-H^ '^ t,** *^ '^ !>' cf i-T r-T 1— I tH mil. i T-i t r-i uOt-IC^ r-t CI t 1 0) t» 11 o i ■ 1 ■ . to '• to . .COIN i^^CC ■ Oi . . irHiO 1 oo ^s r !■ Ti< ; 1 \ 05C0 CO rH 'S ■ i" O 1 o rH . -* CO • -f cc rp COC4I> ■ \ ss CI CO to CO CCI> '-< «£> O i-( I-i t~o CO rHrH CI CO DS. from w rM'^iO O 05 ■ • t-i CM CO ' » t— < 00 1 i \ s^ to CliH 00 r CI rH D BIR ounties Ol j w -^ c-1 T- — ' CI ! 1 1—1 CO i-H T-( ' ' cc 1 ■ S ' lO "i" CO to 00 CO 00 rH CO CO TP r^ t~ rH C ^O C-l r-l y? 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' rH Cl 1 -* 1 Cl TO ' ' • ' ' ' rH Cl ' ' "'^ ' ' ' J ' • ' ' ' i ' ' , '1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 cc_ cT CO e t 1 o 3 O o a 2 I : 1 I o3 ; ; ; J : M ; o ; ; : ^ :g :^ : ; ; uj ' a) cS 53 o ^ ' „ w ; t 1 . aj ; , ; ; ; Q oi o3 oj D O C ■» ' ' 'AOP- is 03 o pC P Cl bo O" o- S S! <^ 03-^ fl Pi a c c (33 o3 03 03 CE 02 CO aa COCK ■ ; J ; i i i i i i i i i i i cilgjis i i 1 U i'i i i IS^Sg 1 ; 'di 1 1 : 1 gii§§.aoo.2SD3o,5 oDa20QaQO2aQa2cooaa2coHK^i'^ c 42 REPOKT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. < CO >5 ^ ^ ^ tS e CO »J 6 ^ ft? 559 O ^ > o O =5 d ^$. ^ OQ o u a> &Q m m5 O cop, n o p. tJl 1^ O t^ CI O) cc CO --* T-t lO C5 ,-1 l-O ^ — ' t-H CI M O •* ^ ^^ ^ 1^ t^ c^ rj* f-H CO O^ O (M l^ -so CS t* lO -1* CO a: o d CO r- tH (MCOrH pq o O a o l> C~. 05 C^ GO iC lO O '^ o CO 0:> OO O l.-^ Oi CO -^ ■S^ l~^ CO O -^ O Cs ■^ Cl LO '■/J^I- r-TiCOrC'rtN' ^ CO o lO -r I- i-H 1-- CC M cc. o ^ o o oi CO.-- coco in c^o ^^ co^ rH o ocrico" t-. 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S ft gp. O i-J o CO C5 Oi OOtJ* CO -T^ a;»-^ cooo CO '^ O CS iC T-i^O CO OOlCOtN'* coo— I (MOO t-1 CO iC 05CO rj w H o3 r^ o o 1. Financial Statements 51-58 2. Statement of Fish Planted (a folder) 59 3. Statement of Licenses Issued 59 4. Fish Distribution 60-73 5. Spawning Tables 74-88 6. Game Statistics _ 89-98 7. Brief in re Truckee Lumber Company sawdust case 99-108 I en en < M u < « W H C3 O S CO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. APPROPRIATION FOR RESTORATION AND PRESERVATION OF FISH IN THE WATERS OF THE STATE. Warrants Drawn during the Forty-sixth Fiscal Year, ending June SO, 1895. Balance on hand -. Amount appropriated J. J. Deane, office rent, July J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, July A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, July A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, July W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, July J. J. Deane, office rent, August C. F. Selvage, salary and expenses, July J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, August.. A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, August W. E,. McFarland, salary and expenses,;August A. Ct. Fletcher, salary and expenses, August Holbrook, Merrill & Stetson, fish-shipping cans J. J. Deane, oftice rent, September W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, August J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, September A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, September W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, September. A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, September J. J. Deane, office rent, October W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, September F. P. Deering, salary, July P. P. Deering, salary, August... F. P. Deering, salary, September J. P. Babcock, bill of N. P. C. Ry., water rent J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, October Livingston Stone, hauling salmon eggs A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, October A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, October W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, October W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, October F. P. Deering, salary, October J. J. Deane, office rent, November ... J. J. Deane, office rent, December J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, November A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, November W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, November. A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, November W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, November J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, December A. W.Wilson, salary and expenses, December W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, December . A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, December W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, December J. J. Deane, office rent, January J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, January A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, January W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, January A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, January W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, January Amount carried forward. 130 140 107 85 191 30 74 195 181 188 143 120 30 103 184 165 160 97 30 106 100 100 100 35 159 111 124 127 121 82 100 30 30 193 113 102 142 79 193 119 113 104 85 00 60 75 60 00 00 00 30 70 65 10 00 00 75 10 75 70 30 00 65 00 00 00 00 25 77 60 50 55 10 00 00 00 75 90 00 35 20 75 00 25 30 50 30 00 172 15 100 00 126 35 93 85 86 05 $150 00 10,000 00 ,443 12 $10,150 00 52 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. Restoration and Pkkservation of Fish — Continued. I I 1895. Feb. 1 Feb. 1 Feb. 28 Feb. 28 Feb. 28 Feb. 28 Feb. 28 Mar. 1 Mar. 31 Mar. 31 Mar. 31 Mar. 31 Mar. 31 April 1 April 30 April 30 April 30 1 April 30 April 30 April 30 May June June June June June June June June June 30 June 30 June 30 June 30 June 30 | June 30 June 30 June 30 Jtme 30 June 30 June 30 June 30 Amount brought forward Livingston Stone, hauling salmon eggs J. J. Deane, ofifice rent, February J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, February.. A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, February W. R, McFarland, salary and expenses, February . .. A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, February .! W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, February L. C. Fraser, office rent, March J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, March A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, March W. R. ]\IcFarland, salary and expenses, JNIarch A. G.Fletcher, salary and expenses, March W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, March L. C. Fraser, office rent and janitor, April J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, April A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, April W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, April A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, April W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, April J. H. Davis, salarj'^ and expenses, April L. C. Fraser, office rent and janitor, May J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses. May A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses. May W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses. May A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, ilay J. H. Davis, salary and expenses. May... W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses. May W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, INIay L. C. Fraser, office rent and janitor, June J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, June A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, June W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, June... J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, June W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, June... W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, June -.. R. W. Requa, salary and expenses, June H. S. Crocker Co., office supplies Union Ice Co., ice Holbrook, Merrill & Stetson, fish-shipping cans, etc W. R. Stearns, bill N. P. C. Ry., water rent. Southern Pacific R. R., hauling Fish Commission car No. 3 from Ogden Totals $5,443 12 29 28 30 00 184 70 107 25 172 85 103 30 88 80 30 00 171 65 107 45 172 00 129 45 68 95 35 00 180 85 132 90 166 80 149 50 87 50 175 25 35 00 157 65 169 10 177 55 132 90 185 45 74 75 56 35 35 00 170 90 170 45 152 25 187 00 92 75 121 10 61 00 12 68 9 20 298 25 38 00 46 07 $10,150 00 $10,150 00 I $10,150 00 APPROPRIATION FOR RESTORATION AND OF FISH AND GAME. PRESERVATION Warrants Drawn during Forty-seventh Fiscal Year, ending June 30, 1896. 1895. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Amount appropriated J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, July A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, July J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, July W. R, McFarland, salary and expenses, July... W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, July W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, July L. C. Fraser, office rent, July L. C. Fraser, office rent, August J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, August W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, August R. W. Requa, salary and expenses, July R. W. Requa, salary and expenses, August W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, August W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, August Amount carried forward $1,747 65 $10,000 GO $154 30 142 25 156 05 160 45 72 00 130 80 35 00 35 00 171 05 127 35 188 70 178 20 64 00 132 50 $10,000 00 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 53 Rbstokation and Peesbrvation of Fish and Game— Continued. Amount brought forward A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, August J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, August L. C. Fraser, office rent, September - Mary C. Rowson, launch "Hustler," August J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, September A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, September W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, September W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, September L. C. Fraser, otHce rent, October. Mary C. Rowson, launch "Hustler," September J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, September A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, September J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, October _.. A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, October J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, October.. W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, October A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, October W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, October W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, October L. C. Fraser, oftice rent, November Mary 0: Rowson, launch "Hustler," October Livingston Stone, hauling salmon eggs H. S. Crocker Co., office supplies J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, November A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, November . W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, November. J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, November W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, November W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, November.. .. L. C. Fraser, office rent, December Pacific T. & T. Co., rent of telephone, November ... W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, December.. .T. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, December W. R. McFarland, salary and expenses, December.. A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, December W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, December J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, December W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, December A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, December R. Helms, Game Warden, expenses L. C. Fraser, office rent, January A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, January.. J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, January A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, January.. W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, January.. W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, January.. J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, January .. Mary C. Rowson, launch " Hustler," January.. L. C. Fraser, office rent, February.. J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, February A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, February. A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, February. W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, February. W. P. Huestis, salary and expenses, February. Mary C. Rowson, launch "Hustler," February. L. C. Fraser, office rent, March A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, March A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, March ... J. H. Davis, salary and expenses, March W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, March M. L. Cross, salary and expenses, March S. Rhodes, salary and expenses, March Mary C. Rowson, launch "Hustler," March L. C. Fraser, office rent, April... J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, April A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, April A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses, April W. R. Stearns, salary and expenses, April M. L. Cross, salary and expenses, April Amount carried forward $9,416 40 $10,000 00 $1,747 141 179 35 110 161 101 105 132 35 300 170 161 250 174 75 73 96 117 137 35 40 151 8 194 102 206 128 92 111 35 8 54 131 33 106 89 107 150 35 35 65 45 65 00 00 70 25 00 81 00 00 35 00 00 70 00 85 05 95 20 00 00 90 18 60 15 15 70 10 20 00 55 45 05 21 50 25 50 65 40 00 $10,000 00 35 00 110 20 138 50 146 50 90 50 133 00 148 35 80 00 35 00 139 35 110 85 121 45 135 95 63 20 40 00 35 00 146 55 148 80 141 05 144 65 146 20 71 00 30 00 35 00 176 15 117 30 282 85 67 35 134 50 54 KEPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. Restoeatiox axd Preservation or Fish axd Game — Continued. 1896. May May June 1 June June June June Amount brought forward .| $9,416 40 $10,000 00 S. Rhodes, salary and expenses, April L. C. Fraser, office rent. May J. P. Babcock, salary and expenses, May. A. W. Wilson, salary and expenses. May A. G. Fletcher, salary and expenses, Ma'y W. Pi. Stearns, salary and expenses, Maj-^ B. P. Oliver, office rent, June 50 75 35 GO 152 20 177 00 51 50 82 15 35 00 Totals -- $10,000 00 $10,000 00 APPROPRIATION FOR SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE OF THE STATE HATCHERIES. Warrants Drawn during the Forty-sixth Fiscal Year, ending June 30, 1895. 1894. July Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 10 Sept Sept Sept Sept Sept. 1 Sept. 1 Sept Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. 31 Dec. 31 Dec. 31 1895. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Oct. 2 Oct. 2 Oct. 2 Oct. 20 Amount appropriated W. H. Shebley, salary and expenses, July T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, July Frank Shebley, salary and expenses, July - „ E. W. Hunt, salary and expenses, July..' F. C. Boyce, salary and expenses, July Scott & Klink, rent of Klink's Lake, and labor E. W. Hunt, salary and expenses, August F. C. Boyce, salary and expenses, August W. D. Sisson, hauling, July and August Alexander Albee, feed for fry, Sisson W. H. Shebley, salary and expenses, August T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, August Frank Shebley, salary and expenses, August E. W. Hunt, salarj' and expenses, September F. C. Boyce, salary and expenses, September W. H. Shebley, salary and expenses, September Frank Shebley, salary and expenses, September T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, September A. G. Fletcher, bill of A. Green for painting roof of Bear Valley Hatchery — "\V. P. Fuller & Co., paints and oils L. J. Griffin, carpenter labor, Sisson McKay &, Stewart, lumber for Tahoe Hatchery J. H. Sharpe, rent of land, Tahoe, to July 1, 1895 W. H. Shebley, salarj' and expenses, October T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, October Frank Shebley, salary and expenses, October E. W. Hunt, salary and expenses, October F. C. Boyce, salary and expenses, October Henrj'' D. Curran, labor, Sisson Hatchery W. D. Sisson, hauling, September and October E. W. Hunt, salary and expenses, November W. H. Shebley, salary and expenses, November T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, November Frank Sheblev, salary and expenses, November W. D. Sisson, "hauling, November W. H. Shebley, salary and expenses, December T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, December Frank Shebley, salary and expenses, December .— W. H. Shebley, salary and expenses, January Frank Shelaley, salary and expenses, Januarj"^ T. E. Sullivan, salary and expenses, January E. W. Hunt, salary and expenses, January Mrs. L. M. Sisson,'rent of lake to November 15, 1895 Neville & Co., supplies -. W. D. Sisson, hauling, December and January $111 50 60 00 50 00 194 00 70 00 64 00 147 75 70 00 87 25 30 95 207 52 113 35 99 39 250 20 70 00 153 60 118 54 93 75 15 00 21 00 84 25 89 10 50 00 190 40 66 25 56 50 113 80 32 00 56 50 59 50 26 55 169 75 60 00 50 00 23 00 177 73 60 00 50 00 177 45 50 00 60 00 55 15 50 00 17 38 56 75 $7,500 00 Amount carried forward. $3,909 86 , $7,500 00 \ I tn ax < M o ~ so ^a 0^ OQ SaoM <1 s £ s- w * fS ■* o o® o •^o OC-1 O ICIOO Irt «>«l o CO CO tH s> s •III M 0) CA 03 C CD 00 lO CC C-1 <-! "-c 00 CO ;d ■* t- CO CO CO 00 o o o o O 4> 60 C C Pl Pi o O Ot5 00^ aj dj fH Xh (1 03 c3 cJ ^ __a) 03 03 3 4 c3 -M-5 o

O So "A cjcc ;:3 1-5 ti ?? 02P o cooiniocooooooooooo-^TtiTtucoiovoco^SSS ■^ P5 ._, rt ^ CO CO CO -H tH .-H i-H rt rH 1-H rH rH i-H i-H i-H rH ^ -a ^ ^ "c 'C 'C 'C "C 'E "E >.>. >p ^ >>>.>>>>>>>' ^' ^ b p,o• N S3 rG o C s • I-H o u o o CD 1— ( i Hazy p. M. ._ Light rain p. M. fci) i .9 1 > ft ; 3 ' 2 : -^ ! A 1 bJ 1 CO a> o to 3 1 s o3 c cc W m < p: <1 CO H O (U o m 4) 5 4-3 GO o 330500t^iO-»*OOOCOOOOOODX000505000COOOt^;DJ-0 ojOO ^^iiiJiJii Sijii 0^ 3 3D 3 3 S S 3 S 3 3iJii^^ 3 3 OOOOOOOOQOQOO 3 O Q 9 03 p=; t < s 1 1— 1 . -if l->*e^ |eo O Q n H 9 a Ph' ^ I*' (N Ph O O 1^ ' tH *" M s ■< Eq eo i-HCOlN iTjtOOC> - -i i 3 c 3 : 2,i 1—1 T- -c ^ ; 3 c3 : 3 3 H tH ! U > 1 3 ; 2^ u < ^6 -. ^ 3 cj 3 3 2,S 1 CD t- 1— ( r-i >.> c3 o: 3 3 OCC •-H ^ 3 : 0) ( 1 -1 ( 3 c 3 ; H t 2^ u c 3 - >>|: 3 : 3 : 2 J U C ^& 1 c 3 c 3 ; 2^ D ( _ r, H ^ •3 C ^ i 2/ 1 1 1 >> t ■H F 3 c H J 2j: y < 1 q c >.t 3 e -1 I L) C 5? -i i 3 c 3 : 1 1 ':\ 3 c 2_: - Of qc >% t -. i i c 3 : 1) C H& >> H 3 3 3 r E- cfl M o3 Q s •vi ^ bo a s o >^ o Pi H ■$■ o Pi REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 75 1 i o go o TJjOJjOjloljjiolijOjjo!ojO]| 1 1 1 10 ! 1 0 ' 10 ' '0 • ' ' i 0 • ' > ' lO^ i 1 0_ i 0^ 1 0_ ' ' 1 ! 1 oT 1 1 j3o" 1 1 -^~ ! 1 — " 1 1 1 1 oT 1 1 1 co" 1 1 0" 1 ■*" 1 ;c" 1 1 1 ; ' 1 , "-1 I , 't— i ''-^ '1 It^ ' i i IcD ' ' 'CO ' >0> '05 !•* i 1 111 11 1 1 tH 1 ■"* 1 1 II s '• t 110 1 !•* ■ 1» • 'CO i i ' '•* i i i 1 »n IN (M •* Tj( 1 (M 1 r-l 1 1 I i 1 i i ■' CO 'H (M C<1 10 • ; ■ IN III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ■ C^l s fa lOeoNc^i 1 ieo ico i-* ■ i i i cocnco i n-i icoiortiosiH 1 leo s S5 COCO iiH 1 ieo 1® 'fo 1 1 i ' 'cocoio i hh ■ •<}< co co 05 co ■ !■* CO CO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ' 1 ■ 1 * ■' 1 < ^ 03 -1^ T) eS 0 is s ■4-1 o O p. ID :^ ^ ^ CO-jJ at m ;.< m 0) 1— 1 1^ P< a -f:> OT m a> rC^ s OH .(-1 o j3 ft .« CO o us on CO OJ tn" c8 a 111 1 is OT O « (1> o -»:> OJ .fl ^^ M p< 0) a 0) -u bO-tJ 1-1 tH 4) O fs > n <^^ 76 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. P 3 ■*> a o o o EH < QQ M o w fq E-i < OQ P O « o m < o M > m ^ Pi > o {/: a ea Pi > 03 K * > c '3 S c oj ft Cold and showery. -.Cold and showery. Windy and showery. : - Perfect day. Warm. .5^ ri O -A No fish running. Warm. .- - Warm. ..Thunder and lightning ; rain in evening. Cloudy and sultry. Cold. s . go by 5 ■*-*lAO-*00001:--t^-^l^C000tDt~t-tDt~00050000t^Q0OO00iaO00 M C o <1>-1 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 77 '6 to a o o 1 Rain. Showery. Rain, creek high. Cold. Very warm. 1 O ■< CO £ « o Eh •4^ 0 111 0000000000001COCD(MOOI~-OOOIMOCO(M 1 1 1 •S<(NCOlOCOOOt^OOaD ' '' '< ^^p ^r ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^n ^^n ^^n c^j ^^^ *r ^r ^^n ^^n ^^n ^r^ ^^^ ^^^ ■ > i H CO >» >. !>i >» >. >v ^' >»^ ^" ^ ^ *-*■ U fn' (4 U ii U U U iTirrtrrt'7-i'7-(rrtC3r7-^c3o3c3o3cdo3o3^^^c3cdo3 .2.2.2.2^^ '^,2'-'^^^^^'-"-'^'-'^'-'^ OOQOOO 6 EH O o - 1 = 5 &^ IS w >-j >1 >1 t>> >> t>> c3 c3 ^ ^ rf c^ 1— I *^ ^-n' *-i "i^H i-H > -d CD (H fs > 0 <1k? 78 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. o o I— ( > > 02 CO CO I^ P' f^ c3 c3 c3 .1^ 4.3 <<^ d) d> c^ ?:&^ C C G c4 ^ ^ 'o'o'o (i o ^ Fh ^ Ut © © OJ >» Q T^ Ti Tl T^ ^ . C r* C . r^ a a G c c oj c3 "-I '-' — ~ 2 — ~ 3 ^ :^^^ && CO M -JJ +3 -4J '^ h-* t, >-. cj c3 c3 © © Q^ OJ © CCS O O O (-C tl ^1 -4J +i -M Oc/3 ■S2 c3 ^ ^ c5 c3 (S rr-i r-rt c3c3c3c3o3wc3^c3c3 c^ -r! t^ 't-* ^rt c3r7-(f7-( o3333o o o3o3333o5oQo o o o o3 o o CO Gooo 33 o Md •2 bo© dc4H o: p. © 03 CO oe^t~r~^c^'^c^oooi^cocD-^co-^35>nc-i»-nnocor~ co.-ioococoioocO'cococo Se rH CD e^ lO o REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 79 a 0 .s CI o O I H O W c 0) & c ^^3 C % m r- o m > 0. T3 C m & r" c > a; K T3 m r- o > C ■^ .^ m m ja o CO > T3 C ■? m oj 4) bJ C O en m 0 61 (3 O c to cS a 3 C 03 a c 03 m 03 a 03 03 u 03 1^ 03 0) 1 — 1 f~ oi t4 03 03 a (- a (3 o3 f-> a> o o 03 0) a ■a 5 m 5 o Weather- Cloudy or Clear. >i >i >> >i 'H tn' tn' !-; !-■ I-I fn' tn" t^ tn" 1^ f^ ^:^ U U fn' U U rrHrTHrT-tr— (tSP3(^c3^c3c^^c3c3rfC3^C^C3^rtC3 6ooo Fish Died from Any Cause. 1^ Tf CO 05 i-H (N ■* iH (M S' -* o OS CO ift CO t^ 00 Number of Eggs Taken. g o c>:> CO 8 o CO 8 o CO O O O 8 CO 1— t 1 8 1-H CO fe .-1 CO 1-H CO 23 05 1— I s s 00 s o s 1 CD o 0-1 CO i-H CO CO 00 00 05 a a> as &^ o U Hi a f^' r-l-HT» 1^ 1^ CO ■>> 03 1^ 1 fe- es CO 03 00 ■,> o3 c; 5 C ■>> 03 ^— .-H 03 1-H c3 1^ 00 o3 Wh l<5 1-H 03 ■i > o3 1-H 03 % oc ■>> a rH WH <- ? '% < oi 1 01 -a .2 s f4 60 P o o a< :^ 1-1 ■^ rn •^ -M bfl+i 2 > o Ph 0 -^ CD to e3 OJ 0 0 (-1 . go CQ m 0) 1 0 10 ITS Weather- Cloudy or Clear. c3c^c3c3c3(^c3c3o3o3o3c3c3c3c3c3rtc3dc3c3c3c3c3o3c3c3c3c3 333o5oaooooo5oo3o33o3o3oooQo6 Pish Died from Any Cause. f^ I 1 C^ (N g IC iHCO (N CO 3 Number of Eggs Taken. 0 8, CO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0" in 1— t p. CO s^ in CO ^ ■r)< C-1 CO 03 S 0 g g 1—1 1 tn 0 U( <£> a s (^ p^ T-H ■:-i eo 00 "H COiM-^'*i-*iX>'«t»'*<'-lTt(M(N^C*< h-; cc r- 1— ; ?5 1— ; CO "3 1-: 1 "a C Eh a PI p* 13 H n3 C • r-l OQ a 0 o ft m Tl 13 !3 0 P< :::^ n' WM iH ^ lO m 0) tH a 5 a 1 1 0 « 0 <1h-1 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 81 O < O "A I— I M <1 Eh P^ o o p Pi o o Pi 00 1 a li S3 -1^ .a 000— 'OOcooooooot^ (A 1 »1 03 c p Cf-I 0 0 a, 0 <1k5 6— F 82 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OP FISH COMMISSIONERS. o o ! cq <: Ph CO o CO 3 ■< E-i W M o O n M O o ,! CO CO CO CD CO CO coo CO CO coo ^CDN o o o o oo O'lC'o" lO IM -^ (M IC05 — I CO(N (N 1-1 ^ CD IM coco o 05 oo CO CO o o o o o o o o o o'o"©" 05 05 CO T-c — CO o o o >n" o zorao 0300 .-H(M.-I CO CO CDOO O 0300 CO CO i-iC^COTjiiOCOt'-OOOJO'-IC-) sssssasEasaa oooooooooooo o H 13 n H w Id a> on >o ^ -M T3 05 a ts s «4-» o o & 0) in (-1 (N p ffl cj a> ;h <1) c3 a. ti a a> 01 -p . *. -^ 7) m T) m c s ^ U) o jg J5 ^^ a s y3 aj ga «■" 2| a> ^ !> o .8 Pi o W o o w oot^:ooo.-ioa)050oooa>ooo'r.^co(MC m o u a P^' S < 6h' eOiH r-IM-* e0rHrHi-ICOeOC0CO>au3COeO00O5t-M03t-a5»Mffq IN t^coK5tocoioe<»eoTHioco a ) a 1 -> > 1 r • t 3 r 1 1 C" 1 -oc i c i - ^ I. if' 1 . i- i r J.; 1 1> i r 1 •>> > 9 1 I cr 3 0 3 i: J a 1 » 7t 3 a 3 E :iX > a 1 HIT ?£ 3 c 3 - J a 1 t :•£ 3 r 3 : 3j: J a 1 1 :>"? 3 c 3 : -oc 3 c > a 1 >a 3 0 ^ I 3 a 5C i C ; a if: 1 >- 3 z 3 i: 3.r J a 4 '*' 3 c 3j: J a JO- 3 c '. 'i ^ r J "a is 3 0 H t ) a 1 1 ►i s 3 0 3 ; ^ t t> a 5« 3 0 . \ 1 :•£ i 0 3 : ti a 1 -a u e 1 3 O »>!; 3 : -H i. 3 j: 13 C 13 H (3 ♦- C £■ r 1 1 1 3 i 3 CD 03 3 3 o3 O CM O ■N m u 73 1 aj -u a 33 «w a . .^ 33 ») -^ 03 CO e3 a 03 03 1 &: A ■■a O 03 o 3 -u -t-> .3 oj 6C 03 a3 P< ts 3 a) 03 br m ■u £f a3 a3 is > o < "1 84 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. : c — 0) 0.£J Si o 0 1) o '5 (h t. tH t. — ^ t« (U a> a> c4 V ^ ^ c: fea: & o o o o , o 'Si^s:s: ; CB CC 02 cc O^OSOsOOC-l'^CCtDCOOJOOMOOOC-'IOlMOOCOOOOOOOOt-OOCOiniOiO o 1-1 III ■goo fe; o sad ►z;oH -a p. OQ a ^ 3 S !3 S 3. O O O O O O O OOOQOO o o oo oo 00^^^^0_0_0_0_OQ o3G3Go36 353 333 3c:>oo3oqoo o o o o o CO CO t-^^«(NC0^2COM;jCO-|g5j5iO^<:;^C ifts^jx^Tjicor-tOto-^oot^o-^iocoeoMOoo--; 05 00 IM o CO ,H-(-l->-!-52Si:i3bi3 Cje3o3o3o3c3o3c8c3cso353ojc3c3e3o3o3o3ojc3o3c3cs3io353o3«o3a O f3 a> c <1> >h'" CQ CO 00 'O 03 S a. '2S 5 SP ;co J5 ti 9) a g -^ o ■k:> o3 r. tH Sao a hf ■k3 Oj OJ o <^ EEPORT OF STATE BOARD OP FISH COMMISSIONERS. 85 03 a P3 H .a 5 o so wind wind wind r-H south south south CO o 0C6EO ai ■ c CO 1^ c « CC en CG m M o o a> a> Bj aJ O o " S 03 03 C3T' —I o 3 to JJ lOi ■* 0-* lO o -^ * lO -- t^ ^35•»t35Ot^■^^~-c0CDt-•^^^— r^t3^CDOOOCOi^03COOCi o >n CO IX) CO o CO ^^ico^>o<£.t~oo 0=0-22:2:2 2 5:;22g?^g:3?5§;S^^?5S^ -3 o 3 03 60 o 00 CO u 86 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. at a go E rOTS C3 S O O ai CO COCC ^^^ >.C'T3'7d'C 0;=;;::: C C S « - p :3> p: P P CT' O*"^ +i .(J ->j (n o) QQ r/^ r)i ■ • CC !X! "- ^ o & ^ o CO jq tnCO (H 3 3 n 3 ft 3 CO P 73 H >>!>>>>>.>>>i>>>.t>.>>'2>j>>>it>.!>.>.^;>v!3>i>»!>.>ibi3>^>>>^^b 'T3'T3'^T3t3T3T3T3T3T3 §T3t3t3t) 333333333 3^ 3 3 3 3 3 3^ 3-^ 3 000000000 00 00000 oc_) 00 O 80O0G060QQ QOOOOQ 3 6000 o o 000 o o 000 -H 1—4 ^^ «— I i-H ^^ sa§ 3m-» 03 ;z;oB CO t: p. P-H n 0) H a) s 3 "A fR Tjt r~ — < 02 in oc t^ -* T)< CO c^ ci 00 0 o o o o 050 coo" 00 >o CI IC05 10 CO 00 00 00 o'o" O t^ i-i CO om I- 00 CD'-lC5t^-^0>ncOCOiMO-(CDOTf m, 3 3 0 ft 0 ^ a) I-H 3 rrt 0) a !1) ft a a) -(-> m -tj 3 hn 0 ft^ i^ 1-H CO i< m a> ;-i cS 2 a 1 ^ «4H CO 0 t3 0-S 01 ^ >;0 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 87 OS a P cS o o "^ o p." 2 H ' > > > 1- a & c o 1=1 o -co 1 [ 1 ; c a: > i= C 1- C >- a > > -» c c c c c 2'^ o'c IE > t- 0. "5 5 a a O (-> ^ >^ >. >^ >^ >^ t^. t^ ^" jj !2' >^ t^ >^ t^ ^ S 'S !3 ^' !3 !3 ^ >> >> ^' ij ^ 4^iJ.S 3 3 3^ 3^ p SiJiiiJ 3 3 3 3^ii.2iJiJiJiJi; 3 3.2iJ.3J 000^_oo^_0_o^_OOc:->0^_o^_OQOOOOQOO^^OOO Oo3ooOo6 OOQO oo Fish Died from Any Cause. ^ — g i Number of Eggs Taken. o o CO CO" o 8 s o o" o o CO co~ IM 73 p. fe 00 0> I-l CO 1-1 t~ s .s H o a S3 iH io5C^ IMNC a >occ CO C3 O t-H 1—4 1^ C3 ?5 CO 1—1 ?5 CO rH ^> 03 00 ■>> c3 cS OS o3 SI* ?3 c3 CO ,> ^ %> (S ^ in a (M c: 2 9. CC 1 a- ■^ C E- o U Pi m .- o 00 CO o c 3 o p- in 13 S 3 O P< .S? '55 SJD OS a> 88 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. Id s P3 ■ • 1 1 1 1 1 • t t I 1 1 : 1 i i ; ! ! 1 ; 1 ; ; ; 1 ; ; 1 1 ; ! : Is 1 ■ 1 O 1 ! 1 d 1 1 1 (U I ; !-« .1 '■'^ 1 ! 1 ft ; I :2 1 1 1^, i 1 p.? CO .a 5 4.^ CO • ' ' 'O ' 1 ' ', I I 1 I I 1 1 1 1 I 1 I «5" I ! 1 I 1 o I 1 '. 1 lO 1 i [?: • o •6 f^ OS p^ '. 1 ; I 1 1 ; 'i 1 1 1 ! ; o 1 I i I i in I I 1 1 ' 1 1 1 . ■ CO CO • ■ ■ I Ico 1 1 1 »-( I 00 IS a to **< o 1 fe t~i-I-* 'cO ' liH»0->a<»-*lflClCCll005(MINCO-J<-*00(M(N '• i '• til 1— 1 »— 1 > 1 « ■ 1 1 III 8 iH g eoi-ic^Tj(io ! i'eoeoe*eoiMi-i-«*J-IT-I(NI>JM(NIM O^C^ C^ IM CO O H 1 '-5l-5*->'-5l-Sl-Sl-:l-:>-5H-5l-:l-;H-5l-5l— ^1-5 — l-jH-. 1— H^^-5 =: D 3 3 — .i-5i-:'-s a ID 13 c3 1-:; W Id OQ m ■a n tT T) c^ M „ 0 -M Hi m e3 <1) d ft ^ a a> -4-> m -o m 0) ■-( rfl o bD p'ii ^ .- IN 0 CD on ■* o <^ REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 89 C/2 m O <^ m O Q o h-l I— I C£J or i/i ^f^ CJ Ss HH H ^'5 rA) < t— 1 ^XJl H <1 H r/7 ^ fe" xn ;> So <1 C^) W S^ Oh ^g HO ^Q W^ o<5 w p^ O ^ 1— 1 t^ r" o W cc CO w h-l W <^ H Rail Doves 05 iH o 00 i-i Quail -— 00 CD 8 O 00 -J CO 05 00 coco CO .-1 00 05 C-f Sheldrake lO US Wiretails Wood Ducks.. o 1-1 5 1-( Butterballs ... Pi n Redhead ■ 1 .-( ■* ; fH 1 e^ 00 H o O Blackjack S a. a C 2 .^- ■- '■- c C c- "= c: eS cc c C c' C c > cc J 'c cc 4- c > a cc C o 0> O <1> o 90 REPOET OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. Bittern . Crane. CO Swan. Honke VO 05 00 K M O H O O E^ O W O ft PS 1— I ft O w H O P^ I "A O o ^^ m H Brant. IMIM ■■alio White Geese !f ilN CO CO 1 iH I IN OO Wild Pigeon . Larks . rfi(M «3 CO CD O a o c3 D c3 iS > Cfi t- . — \t — r >.( c3 O O O s M g-O o5 4) - CO I' ^ cj C C o gl O- ■3 G -M_5 cS cS oj O .0 .2 ■■- ^ 03 P c3 o o ,^H -H ^'^ • -I ^ ^ cs cs OS o .0 .s -^ s J^ .:: H REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 91 si o Q c3 O) en CI C~- Ci O L"- Ci O O O -—< . C^l t-H ^O CO 7-1 i-i c^ lO Ti' 1-- CO i> ' i-t rr o_ r-l O lO C-1 to — 'O ro f— I CO 'H 'T^oq_'X_cD^Tj« r^o ■'s^Tt* CO r--^ r^oirHC^ tO.-Tc^T i-T Ol O^ r-( CO CO to rH lO CC OJ O lO lO C-J to r-t lO-^C^ iH 'c : a o (U be ■a ft si o 13 O a 00 — ' O O C) 'M -^ O I>.-IO<-HOOOCOrH CI CO .^ i-l i-H T-i(M-t 00 -^ CM 'O r- COIN CO 00 iH COO'^COtJ^COCO'^ I^l>C004iOOiM(N 05 CO d o*^ O ?1 00 cMt)< OOCOOOt^OOOOCOdt^ O CO O T-H 00 C3 i-H iH C^ cf rH iHCOO 00 00^^ CO d-^COi-t 05 ^iHiO-^OClOSCO C)CO lOO^CO OOOOCOOI^t^CO t-cooiooc-io-;'^ Tjl O lO CD CM i-IO) ooi^t~eMt~oco"*oo 00 -^ to ^ -^ Oi TJ1 CD r-1 CO lO TJ( Olio i-ct-io>mocqoo"5 ■Too-^co-^cMiHg a a? P: o a ci 03 o » Hi c (U c3 SPo >, « =13 0)2 S ■. d oj o o c3 cj O • tn t< H S ^ti to C C 0) ^ lO CO t^ iH CO o (NCDOO CO lO t^ IM rr Tjt CO "^ i-l 03 "-I IC CD T-l ■^ S)S 00 CO i-H(M 1 CO I in eo ■* 00 (CO CO OCOi (M O) CO t^ MCO in t^ coco CO 1-1 1^ i^ CO t- in •^ in CO -la' CO c^ (N "-I 1—1 1— ( 050 (N 1-H ■ft 00 00 —I CO CO CO (M in T-H Tfi TJl 1^ »H CO 00 CD in ■ I— o 05 05 I 05 »— 1 CO (M 1— f CO Tj* 1— t -H TT (>» CO ^H TT CO O 05 in in" 05 inT) g -^ CQ O " 03 eS co-^ ■i ^1— i^^^^h?-!— HI— ii':r' c^ c^ c^ c3 o3 ca c3 O 0.p--t- •^.■-k,k._, ►irt^^^ o REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 9S "3 1 l°° 1 1 ■ 1 ' 1 ' ■ '«■ ' tH ' i i-H : I s > o a '< I 1 00 CI t-H ' O ' 05 ' ' • 1 -^ 'M ' C^) • lO C-1 ^ i-H ■ t^ ' ' ,,, ,o. !>'•'• IM^W'^— 0-(<'l^'i III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1^1 I— i 1 II 1 lO rH ' -t^ ' i-H ' 't^ ' ■ i 1-1 . .O ' 1 00 ' • r-T '3 a & Xi si 050030 u-iC-l 00 ■i-Hira— OlOl^OOiOOO 'l>^COOiC — 005t^OTJ * 1 ! 1 I 1 !io ■ ■ ' ' ' lo • ' ' -CO ' ' 'to ■ "l-CO ' rHCJ ' s Butter- Wood balls. Ducks. 1 . I (O CO I 1 1 i-H ' ' ' ' ' CN ' J ' ' • • • ' C'l > ■ ' • CO ' ifS ' ' ' O ' ' "H ' 1 1 1 1 1*^ 1 1 1^ 1 ,M Ice-* ' 'CO 1 1 1 1 t 1.H 1 I 1 I . 1 1 iiOiO ' < (N 'Oi '00 'C^ 'O « ' ' • 1 • 'CO 'CO ' CO rJ O -■ ; '"J'"' 1 « t 'CO • • ' • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CO 1 ' • -o 00 CI Is ; 1 l!005r-l 1 IrH ! 1 1 1 Irj 1 ! i ' !>0 i i ^J rH ' ■ ' ^ "3 ' 5; "* ?S S S5 1 i 12 ! 1 1 1 ,-1 II 1 1 1 1 iCO '1.11 1 1 (N t ' • > t-( '^ CJi-HOJ > ' ' ?H I ,11 II 1 1 1 . 1 t 1 1 ( 1 • ' 1— ( 'III 1 111 1 CO CO CO i i : ;g ; : is i i i ; i'' ; i i i : i i i"" i ; i ; :S ;s is is i ; ; ; i ' < ' 'rH ' ' 1 ' ; 1 1 1 1 j j 1 'i I I I I tH 33 d o a; be "S '^ CO Tf< 00 ^ lo o o: --1 00 CO -* 05 1 loi-'toio 1 1 Tf CO CD th lo ^ o Tr '=e*52^2 "^rSS! ' '.3!x^ Oi-lr-.OOCO OCO'Di-ITT i 'rtCOlM'O ' '(Mi-HO'Or-t (Mr-I ''2 CJ^giSS" ' '£2=0 C) rHi-l lOTfcO ■ 'C^ i-llO ■ ' 'M ^ '00 <0 rH TJ< CO ' ' •* ict~«5ioior-noQO^'X>iHco 1 lcncc'» " loo— '.-ir-r~ 'SR'>£3'2'°"Sn:!5S I 'S33 COU3r-IOOn1M O)'' tOCO C-1 't£> CO iC CIO ' ' CO_i-i rt ; lira" 1 : I '^^■-i ; ;" s" c5 6llOCi^C-)i-ld 'CI lOrH. CICOrH 'C:2 lCC4>OUSOtO ■ "T iH-HCrrHr-T ! oo" 1 -^ j rH ^ -1 , CO p. CO -J CO lo 00 1^ cTi a> CT> o 00 -- -j3 ^ loitoooo 1 '='''52:'a2^3i:; iS'^SSSiSSm I'^KS CO o to lO o 00~ tH -2 1 cT II cT 1 i-T i-T i-T 1 ca ?i j >-^^ isss is i i'SS^s i ic!; i^ss ig'- issg|S'°s. i j i|^ cT 1 1 o >•. a 3 o u a 2 ' i i :^ i 1 1 i tr ' ' !0 • C .2 13''^ S 3) 3J c: e a) > w •- 5:: 03 at: 53-SoC 1 1 1 1 1 1 CO a E 2 1 1 1 1 1 ; I : 1 I 1 j o 1 M i i i • i i i i i i i^ :c oj : , 1 o o i: '-s HaSSSSSalziO(i^«cc cocoa: o 1 1 1 1 ; ; . I 1 1 1 I . . . 1 a- 1 J I 1 1 , 1 1 1 . 1 I . . X 1 ^r' CO "3 00 P3 S o &^ fi o W H ;?; o I en Q Pi I— I w o H o H O Pi o 1-3 H 94 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 00 M o O W O I 02 Q 03 "— I pq p H O H O P^ Pk !^ O ^21 o 1-:; n Bittern . Crane Swan. Honker.. Brant. White Geese Gray Geese. Plover . eO(M dlN N r-( O to lO iH CO T)l(MTt-(i-io .-H CO 00 t-(i— I 1—1 lOOiMCC^lOOi-^eOOlWO rH to 05 CO (M N iH CO Curlew English Snipe. Common Snipe... Wild Pigeon . Larks . § o i-i IC o c3 03 c3 >■ in >- --I 3 oj O O 'CO CO 1-^ ICO 05 00 OS CD ■<51C0 05 COi-i O O ■>»" CO (N C f^ rt I c S CO ■* 1-1 eOiO CTICO 05 eo-^ CO 00 CO 1-1 tOiH 00 CO CO CO 1-1 cq coco ttlOllM lO O (M 05 T)< CO C<1 1-1 00 co- co 05 OO ■-( t^ CCCDi-iO ■* CO lO C<1 iH O 00 i-l CO 05 (M lO lO Tt< (M tH (M (N CO iH .-c cq lO ^ o a; 50 ft O a H M <* REPORT OF STATE BOARD OP FISH COMMISSIONERS. 95 =3 . CO ■ • ■ 1 1 • ' ■ 1 01 ■ ■ • , 1 1 . . .ra . 1 . . . ■ 1 . . 1 c- si Q iTt<00i-l ICO ■ -t< 0!M-!»< ;==;:; I ; :s ;;; ;5 ;: ; r-T d 0 & la 'O c-l/CC:Ol^T-(r-li-l (N-N CO c0_O5 r-l -N O ^ lO C-1 iH CO ■ "N,"-! (N | O) M r-l -* Ir-T llNt-Tr-T a^ I'TfcO Co" C5 1 i-T I 5" J, ® 03^ '=^^ .... .CO .... . . . 1 1 . . CO . 1 1 1 1 t-H a I : ; : ;^ :s ; I ; ; ; i^ : CO r-l •^5 i i ; i i ^ ; ; ; I ; ; ; ; ; ; I ; : :§ ; i : I i i i ' : : ; i i : 1 ' .— 1 CO I 1 1 r-l CO 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 lo) 1 1 1 1 1 I> ..... 00 00 ' 1 g . 00 CO r-l 1 ;^j; ; I ; ;S : ; : : I com 1 1 1 !co looco .r-ltO . > .o Cq . ■ . .!N .IM .rH . . .r-( 2 c^ j i i ijH ; joo j CO . 1 to jo 1 j i 1 1 i ; j ; ; ; ; lO . .CO • .100000.0 't^Cl . .S*"! TI. 1 . 1 . iHt-l ' . .CO 1-1.1 II CO 1 11 -1* r-T 1 '. i .t^ I . 1 iCO 1 • 1 ir-t 1 I 1 I 1 I : 1 1 1 > 1 ! lr-( 1 liMiN ' '^ ; ; 1 ; ; ; ' ; ; ; ! ! 1 1 ! 1 1 . 1 1 1 . ! . .1 . ■ 1 . > 1 . 1 1 . . ' 5 1^ -2 CO as lOt^ lo(Moi Icocooo '< '• '< Icitoocaca ' I>.-l i-«3HCDO iiOOOtO I ' < iI>COO^T-t « ■ r-i «CO0 . 1 I ■ I> -^ • CO 1 .CO •.?< (N O] t-1 rH 1 0 . 1 1 1 1 1 CI o d o ® rHtO .SrH^SoT(<00O1ii '00 .iO 0> ; «5.r-l rH* ; ; In-" I ; r-T ; r-l rn ,C-) '■5 o s" ■iHCSiO'tOI>(N''''CO CO 'lO ,e-)-*>-IC0O5 to rl ; ; 1 1 ; ir-T ; ; ]•-' o CO oT -2 cc^ .inoii-H lO-iQOio 1 lO i':Oi-. a 0 o S 2 ; 1 ai ! o S ' ® o3 o4 C 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 .' 1 1 o i ; i is ; : !o i ; i idl. ■ ' o ; ' ; i ; ; 1 1 I ; ; ; I 1 ; ; ■ o. J ; 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 . m , 03 ; C'S '.^ J ', a '■'•'■'•'•'•'''' ' •gOO-gt^N- ; ; ; .a, ; ;© ; ; iis«^iiiiiiisi|j, icccocooicococomaJMcnMcnE-iHi^P^ •3 o 96 REPORT OF STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. Bittern Crane. Swan . C-l to 05 CO Honker. rH -l CD t^ oo 00 05 00 Pi < P 1-5 o W Eh O I cc Q pel l-H w Q H O H O PI P-t I O o PQ Brant. 1— I CD CO ■^ -H M in C-l 00 »H (N o l-H r-( W White Geese io 1 1- 'cq US o lO Curlew . - C<1 • o I CO CI 00 English Snipe . 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