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California Resources Agency Library

1416 9th Street, Room 117

Sacramento, California 95814

CALIFORNIA RESOURCES AGENCY UBRARy

Resources Buiiding, Room 117

1416 -9th Street

Sctcrctmsinro, Ccilifornia

95314

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

Fish and Game Commission

TWENTY-SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT

For the Years 1910-1912

Friend Wm. Richardson, Superintendent of State Printing

sacramento, california

1913

CONTENTS.

PART ONE.

Page.

Personnel and Organization of Board 7

Peace Officers and Forest Service Cooperation S

Salaried, or Regular Officers 9

Special Deputies ^

Program and Work 9

What tpie Commission Has Done in Two Years 12

Recommendations 14

Acknowledgments ^ 15

Game Conditions in California 17

Operation of State Game Farm 26

Propagation and Distribution of Fisn 1910-1911 30

Trout Egg Collection and Distribution 1910-1911 31

Report of Superintendent of Hatcheries 32

PART TWO.

Administrative Districts 47

Roster of Employees 48

Inventory 51

Revenues and Expenditures 52

Seizures and Prosecutions Folder

Hunting Licenses Issued 56

Commercial Fishing Licenses Issued 58

Lion Bounties Paid 59

Game Bird Distribution 60

Fish Distribution, Season 1911 63

Fish Distribution, Season 1912 64

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

San Francisco, Cal., December 31, 1912.
Bon. Hiram W. Johnson, Governor,

State of California, Sacramento, Cal.

Sir: In accordance with law, we submit for your consideration a
statement of the transactions and disbursements of the Board for the
biennial term July 1, 1910, to June 30, 1912.

We are also including certain data concerning the transactions of the
Board between July 1, 1912, and the date of this report, believing that
the value of such data has justified holding the report for it. Certain
technical reports which have hitherto been included in the Board's
report are this year being issued in separate bulletins.

Respectfully,

F. M. NEWBERT, President,
M. J. CONNELL,
CARL WESTERFELD,
Board of Fish and Game Commissioners.

CALIFORNIA riSH AND GAME COMMISSION.

Commissioners, 1910-11.

M. J. CONNELL Los Angeles

W. G. Henshaw San Francisco

F. W. Van Sicklen Alameda

Lendal M. Gray San Francisco

Dr. David Starr Jordan Palo Alto

Geo. v. Steed San Francisco

F. G. Sanborn San Francisco

Chas. a. Vogelsang San Francisco

Chief Deputy, 1910.

John P. Babcock San Francisco

Chief Deputy, 1910-11.

Hartley F. Peart San Francisco

Attorney, 1910-11.

Commissioners, 1911-12.

M. J. Connell Los Angeles

F. M. Newbert Sacramento

Carl Westerfeld San Francisco

Ernest Schaeffle San Francisco

Secretary, 1911-12.

W. H. Shebley Sisson

Superinten,dent of Hatcheries, 1911-12.

U. D. Duke San Francisco

Attorney, 1911-12.

PART I. GENERAL.

TWENTY-SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OE THE BOARD OE
ElSn AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

PERSONNEL AND ORGANIZATION.

Since July 1, 1910, the personnel of the Board has been as follows:
M. J. Connell, W. G. Henshaw and F. W. Van Sicklen served until
November 3, 1910, when Lendal M. Gray was seated as a member, suc-
ceeding F. W. Van Sicklen, resigned. On November 4, 1910, Dr. David
Starr Jordan was seated as a member, to succeed W. G. Henshaw.
Upon the death of Commissioner Gray in December of 1910, Geo. V.
Steed was appointed to serve, but was never seated as a member of the
Board. F. G. Sanborn was seated as a member on January 21, 1911,
to succeed Mr. Steed. On August 4, 1911, F. M. Newbert was seated
as a member of the Board, to succeed Dr. David Starr Jordan, resigned.
Carl Westerfeld presented his credentials on January 2, 1912, and was
thereupon seated as a member, to succeed F. G. Sanborn.

On August 11, 1910, John P. Babcock assumed the position of Chief
Deputy, succeeding Chas. A. Vogelsang, who had been the Board's
executive officer since October 12, 1901.

On November 29, 1911, the Board by resolution, abolished the position
and title of Chief Deputy, and appointed Ernest Schaeffle as Secretary,
to succeed Mr. Babcock, whose resignation had been tendered and
accepted that day.

On the same day the position of Superintendent of Hatcheries was
created, and W. H. Shebley, Superintendent of Sisson hatchery since
1893, was promoted to the place. Mr. Shebley has remained in charge
of Sisson hatchery, being assisted in the management by R. W. Requa,
assistant superintendent, and has in addition directed the Board's work
in the field of fish culture and distribution. During the past nine
months Mr. Shebley and his assistants have also made surveys of prac-
tically every dam and other stream obstruction, and of many of the
ditches and canals in the State and have had charge of the construction
of fishways and screens.

Hartley F. Peart, who had acted as the Board's attorney for over
five years, presented his resignation on February 6, 1912. Mr. Peart 's
resignation was accepted and R. D. Duke of San Francisco appointed
his successor.

Since the filing of the Board's last report, it has been deemed
expedient to form a new administrative district, in addition to the
San Francisco, Los Angeles and Fresno districts, already existing. The
new district is in charge of Commissioner Newbert, with an office in

8 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

the Forum building in Sacramento. District management adds to the
cost of administration but, in the Board's opinion, greatly increases
efficiency. It will probably be found necessary within the next two
years to further divide the northern part of the State.

PROPERTIES.

At the request of the State Controller an inventory of the State's
property in the care of the Board was taken on June 30th of the present
year. A skeleton inventory that will be found elsewhere in this report
shows the total value of property under appropriate headings.

PEACE OFFICERS.

It should be plainly stated at this time that the enforcement of the
fish and game laws of the State has been left almost entirely to the
Board, except in those communities and counties so fortunate as to
possess public officers alive tp their responsibilities and to the value of
assisting in the saving of one of the State's mo.st important assets.
The Board has received and appreciated the endorsement and support
of many police, prosecuting, and judicial officers in the State and
expresses this criticism with the greatest regret and the knowledge that
it will cause some ill feeling and friction. The property of the people
is at stake, however, and we feel that we would be recreant to the trust
imposed upon us if we did not call attention to what we have learned
to be a real evil.

Many fish and game officials object to any cooperation between game
wardens and peace officers, arguing that no one but a specialist is
competent to act in work that is so peculiarly a specialty as fish and
game wardenship. The argument does not seem a sound and sufficient
one, although we must grant that the best work to be done by game
wardens can only be done by officers specially and thoroughly trained
in the ways of fish and game, and of fishermen and hunters.

FOREST SERVICE CO-OPERATION.

The Board wishes to speak of the splendid assistance it has received
from the United States Forest Service, under the direction of District
Forester Coert Du Bois, ably assisted by the supervisors of the nineteen
national forests (or forest reserves) in the State. Upon the recom-
mendation of Mr. Du Bois and the supervisors, the Board has deputized
over three hundred forest officers, or "rangers," and knows that
splendid work has been accomplished by them.

An effective cooperation between the two departments is made pos-
sible only by a system of direct supervision, by chief forest deputies on
each forest, devised by Mr. Du Bois. Through it the Board is relieved
cf the necessity of issuing instructions to and receiving reports from
over three hundred active men, who undoubtedly are more efficiently
and satisfactorily directed by their own chiefs. Each chief forest
deputy files a special report with the head office of the Board on the
first day of January and on the first day of July of each year, in addi-
tion to keeping up a more or less regular correspondence.

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 9

By a ruling of the Forest Service, none of its officers can receive
compensation for assisting in the enforcement of state laws ; it has been
possible, however, for the Board to pay the expenses necessarily incurred
by forest officers in the prosecution of fish and game cases.

SALARIED, OR REGULAR DEPUTIES.

The Board has a force of deputies (patrolmen or game wardens) dis-
tributed over the State at the present time, apportioned to districts as
follows : San Francisco, 24 ; Sacramento, 29 ; Los Angeles, 11 ; Fresno, 9.

This force has been built up very largely since 1907, when the
revenues of the Board were increased through the first receipts from
hunting license sales, and in the opinion of the Board constitutes a very
effective and creditable body of officers. The splendid police record
made by these men, as shown in the statements of seizures and prosecu-
tions, published in this and in previous reports, is the highest praise
that need be offered them.

The state "game wardens" of California are probably the best
paid wardens in the world, and the Board believes that every man on
the roll is worth what he receives, if not more. Cheap men could be
obtained, of course, but men who can do the work needed in this State
are not cheap men, and are available for the state's service only as they
are assured of proper compensation.

The deputies, or "wardens" in each administrative district, report
to the Commissioner or deputy in charge of the district and perform
their duties as directed by him. The head office has only the most
general supervision of the work within the outside districts and is
seldom recpiired to act in even an advisory capacity.

"OUTSIDE," OR SPECIAL DEPUTIES.

The special deputies assisting in the Board's work now number about
400 men, exclusive of forest officers. Many of these deputies have
records that compare favorably with those of the most efficient regular
officers, while the force as a whole serves as a very valuable and thor-
oughly appreciated auxiliary. Even if little police work were done
by this body of irregular officers, it would still serve as a training
school from which to recruit regular deputies.

Every effort is made to keep undesirable candidates out of this force
and to weed out with the least possible delay all those who prove unfitted
from any cause.

The special deputies receive no salaries, but are paid for their services
in prosecutions and are sometimes allowed expenses,

PROGRAM AND WORK.

We recognize that we are administering a public trust, that to us
has been assigned the duty of protecting and conserving the fish and
game interests of the State for the benefit of all the people, and that
to be successful we must have their active cooperation. "We believe
we can gain their confidence and support by keeping the people fully
informed of the nature and scope of our work. We shall attempt to

]() REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

do this by issuing letters and bulletins from time to time, as well as by
complying- with that provision of the law which specifically requires
this Board to biennially submit to the Governor a full report.

We aim to Avork on broad, practical and economical lines, and to
make the Commission something more than a police force. We shall
endeavor to enforce the laws for the preservation of fish and game,
and to stock the public waters of the State with food and game fishes
best suited to them. By economic and scientific investigations we hope
to disclose the life, habits, and abundance of our fish and game, and
the conditions most favorable to conserve and, if possible, increase the
supply.

We shall maintain a State Game Farm, and shall use every efi^ort
to propagate our native species of game, and in particular, the valley
quail, recognized as one of the finest game birds in the world — and
certainly the game bird best suited to the uplands of this State.

We shall continue to operate the fish hatcheries to their full capacity,
and to distribute the output in suitable public waters in every section of
the State. We will not stock private waters. We shall give to the
distribution of the fish produced in the fish hatcheries the greatest care,
endeavoring not only to see that the young fish are intelligently liber-
ated where they may liest thrive, but by close observation to ascertain
the success of such methods, and to ascertain further if additional and
more effective measures can be found.

It has already been demonstrated that the operations of the hatch-
eries and the stocking of streams in the State with native and non-
indigenous fish have produced great results. No other state has reaped
as great reward from the moneys so expended.

We believe that, notwithstanding the notable success that has already
followed the introduction and the acclimatization of new food and
game fishes in the waters of this State, as well as the propagation of
our native fishes, much can yet be accomplished; that our waters may
be made to produce even more abundantly; for, notwithstanding that
this Commission has been in existence for forty years and has accom-
plished greater results than any similar commission in the United
States, very little attention has been directed to a study of the life and
habits of any of our food fishes. To intelligently conserve and increase
our aquatic food supply it is essential to be conversant with the life,
habits, food, abundance and the principal enemies. Until we know the
time and place where our food fishes propagate, the waters frequented
by their young, and the conditions essential for successful development,
we can not proceed intelligently. And, we regret to say that until
recently, the Commission was not in possession of sufficient positive
information of this character. To obtain such knowledge, we have
during the past eighteen months begun a systematic and scientific inves-
tigation of the life of our most important food and game species. For
this work we have been enabled to enlist the services of several -well
known scientific men.

REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 11

The studj^ of the life, abundance and the conditions most favorable to
the maintenace of our edible crab (Cancer magister) was begun under
the auspices of the Board in October of 1910. The work is in the hands
of F. W. Weymouth of Stanford University, who is a recognized
authority. At the time this investigation was instituted little was
known as to where or when these crabs propagate, or the life of their
young.

Professor Harold Heath of Stanford University, at our direction,
began in December of 1910 a research intended to disclose the life and
range of our edible clams. Very little or nothing is known of the life
of these valuable mollusks. There appears, however, to be only a
Jimited area in this State which affords opportunity for their existence,
and in consequence, we believe that there is great danger that, with
the increasing demand and the present unrestricted methods of digging
them, the clam beds of the State may be speedily exhausted. We hope,
through the efforts and studies of Professor Heath and his assistants,
to be able to lay sufficient facts before the legislature to warrant the
adoption of measures that will insure the future supply.

The spiny lobster, or "crawfish" fishery of the southern coast is a
very important one, but like the other fisheries has been greatly reduced
by the heavy operations of recent years. To obtain the accurate infor-
mation necessary to any scheme of rehabilitation. Professor Bennet M.
Allen of the University of Wisconsin, was engaged in July of 1911 to
make a study of this animal. Professor Allen's work has been inter-
rupted by the necessity of returning to his university for teaching, but
it is hoped that a continuance of his investigation may lay bare many
secrets now hidden.

In August of 1911 Dr. Chas. L. Edwards of the University of South-
ern California undertook a study of our abalones. Dr. Edward's
preliminary report, which will be found in the Board's 1913 Fish
Bulletin No. 1, is a very complete exposition of the need and value of
his particular investigation.

In addition to the investigation that we have begun into the life
history of our principal food and game fishes, we have also instituted
an investigation of the relations of certain birds to the agricultural
interests of the State. Harold C. Bryant, of the State University at
Berkeley, has been engaged to conduct the inquiry. We hope to show
in what manner each doubtful species of bird affects the farmer and
the fruit grower, and what measures are to be taken to encourage the
beneficial birds and to exterminate the injurious ones.

Believing that great good will come from the proper education of our
children as to the value of the wild birds and animals to the farming
interests of the State, and not alone to the sportsmen and the lovers
of nature, we have engaged the services of Gretchen L. Libby, late
secretary and lecturer for the Audubon Society of California, to con-
duct a campaign throughout the public schools of the State.

12 REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

In March of the present year, it was suggested to the Board by Dr.
C. A. Kofoid, Professor of Zoology of the University of California,
that there was urgent need of a scientific study of the deer and other
large game animals of the State. Dr. Kofoid stated that the study
had been recommended to him by Dr. Palmer of the U. S. Biological
Survey, as the basis for advanced conservation measures, without which
our large game could not be preserved. Acting upon the recommenda-
tion of Dr. Kofoid and Dr. Palmer, Frank C. Clarke, a post-graduate
student of the University of California was employed to conduct the
investigation mentioned. Mr. Clarke has traveled over much of the
State during the past four months, obtaining information as to dis-
tribution, numbers, breeding seasons, etc., that we consider of much
value. A preliminary paper wall be found in the Board's 1913 Game
Bulletin No. 1.

N. B. Scofield, a fishery expert who has been in the employ of the
Board at periods for a number of years, has made scientific studies
of the shrimp and salmon during the past two years. Mr. Scofield has
also assisted in stream surveys along the coast, and has made as
thorough a study as his time has permitted of the operations of the
trawl fishermen working outside the Golden Gate, and of the lampara
net fishermen of Monterey Bay. Several of Mr. Scofield 's reports
appear in the Board's 1913 Fish Bulletin No. 1.

A very large and important part of the Board's work in the last ten
years has been the regulation of various industries in order to prevent
cr minimize the pollution of the State's w^aters. While the results
obtained are not yet fully satisfactory, we believe that the Board's
work deserves public approval.

Outside of cities with their sewage, the principal sources of stream
pollution at present are quartz mills and oil refineries, oil loading
stations and oil carriers. All of these sources are now in the way of
proper handling, after the expenditure of much effort and money.

As will be shown by this and by reports filed previously, the Board
has instituted a considerable number of prosecutions for the pollution
of State waters. By far the greater work, however, has been done
in obtaining a compliance with the statutes through less expensive
and tedious means. It is impossible to obtain even an estimate, but
we believe that $250,000 has been spent at the Board's direction in the
past two years in constructing oil traps and settling basins, proper
hose and pipe connections, acid recovery plants, lampblack and oil-tar
separators and filters, sawdust burners, and other contrivances and
systems having as their sole purpose the safeguarding of public waters
and the protection of the aquatic life therein.

WHAT THE COMMISSION HAS DONE IN TWO YEARS.

Has taken its place in the front rank of state fish and game commis-
sions by instituting and prosecuting scientific investigations of game

REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 13

and fish, in almost every case with the cooperation or under the direc-
tion of the State's leading universities.

Has placed the work of fish culture and distribution on a proper
foundation by creating the position of Superintendent of Hatcheries,
by appointing a highly qualified expert to the place, and by then allow-
ing him to manage the department.

Has made the greatest and best distribution of trout (over 26,000,000)
ever made in the State.

Has provided a department of game conservation, under the direction
of a competent expert, which in time will be as important as the fish
cultural department.

Has economically managed the State Game Farm, and distributed
more pheasants during the season of 1912 than were distributed during
three previous years.

Has increased the force of wardens by over twenty men, providing
an effective patrol for every part of the State, and particularly the
northern part.

Has increased the efficiency of the wardens by detailing special dep-
uties, the Board's attorney and others, to instruct them as to their
duties and the subjects with which they have to deal.

Has greatly increased the efficiency of the service in the northern part
of the State by forming the Sacramento district from a district that
comprised almost fifty per cent of the total area of the State, and by
leaving the direction of business in this district to the President of the
Board.

Has fairly but firmly enforced all the fish and game laws in every
part of the State, prosecuting 2,063 cases, against 1,771 for the best
previous two-year period. (The record for the past two years would be
much greater were it not for the fact, in the Board 's opinion, that viola-
tions are becoming less and less common.)

Has aroused public interest in fish and game conservation by direct-
ing and otherwise aiding in the formation of a great and representative
protective organization, with a membership of over 16,000 people, scat-
tered through every county in the State. •

Has made surveys of almost every stream and lake and other body of
water in the State, disclosing the fact that hundreds of square miles
of water have passed out of control of the public, and that hundreds of
square miles are still entirely barren or have no valuable fish.

Has made a comprehensive survey of the natural and artificial water-
ways of the State, following this by directing the construction of hun-
dreds of screens and fishways.

Has watched the disposition of factory and other waste products,
instituting prosecutions and otherwise striving to abate known causes
of damage.

Has removed rocks, timber blockades and other obstructions in a num-
ber of streams in northern California.

Has transplanted hundreds of thousands of trout, black bass and

14 REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

striped bass from overflow waters along the coast and in the interior
valley.

• Has been one of the first commissions in the country to provide its
patrolmen with motorcycles, thus reducing transportation expenses and
greatly increasing efficiency of force.

Has perfected a cooperation of effort with the U. S. Forest Service^
v\-hereby the State secures without cost the services of over 400 highl;s
trained officers, almost all of whom are located in the best fish and gamt
regions.

Has from the head office alone written or issued about 25,000 indi-
vidual letters, 50,000 copies of circular letters, 325,000 abstracts, or
synopses of the fish and game laws, 12,500 game law posters, 8,000 copies
of the Board's compilation of the fish and game laws, thousands of copies
of the several bulletins and reports already issued, and a great deal
of other matter. (About 300 newspapers and periodicals in the State
are on the Board's mailing list; to them all is sent each month a state-
ment of the lion bounties paid for the previous month, another state-
ment of the searches, seizures and arrests made by the different districts,
and a statement of the Board's expenditures for the month past. If any
of these statements are omitted for a month or more, a statement cover-
ing the elapsed time is issued.)

Has made studies of general fish and game conditions, and of fishing
methods and apparatus, through the Superintendent of Hatcheries, the
Assistant in Charge of Game Conservation, and other scientific assist-
ants, and by deputies.

Has made a systematic study of the climatic and other conditions
that determine the distribution of plant and animal life, with the idea
of preventing the loss of effort, time and money that has occurred in
the past through experiments in game introduction and transplantation
that were not based on knowledge of vital facts.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

It will be noted that the Board offers no recommendations as to
changes in existing legislation or the provision of new. The follow-ing
quotation from a letter issued by the Board during the fall of 1911
sets forth fully the attitude of the present Commission and explains
its deviation from an old practice :

"It has often been said that the fish and game laws of the
State of California were passed in the interest of a favored few,
to the prejudice of the great mass of the citizens of our State.

Such impression has gone forth, doubtless, by reason of the
fact that the people generally have had but little, if any, voice
in suggesting or proposing legislation upon the subject, resulting
in lack of co-operation by the people with the Commission, without
which co-operation neither beneficial laws can be pa.ssed, nor
material progress be made.

The Commission sincerly desires the active, hearty and earnest

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 15

co-operation of all the people of this State in the great work which
is before it.

This Commission will be for the people, and it wants their
expression as to the laws most suitable for their districts. In
other words, it wants the people of the great State of California
to say to the Commission, 'We want this and we want that,' and
not for the Commission to say, ' We will give you this and we will
give you that.' "
Such recommendations as may be found in this report are to be
considered as representing the personal views of the specialists sub-
mitting them. The Board does not necessarily endorse any of them.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

The Board desires to express its sense of deep obligation to the State
<^.ommissions and departments, and to the universities, scientific insti-
tutions and individual scientists in the State and country, whose
hearty support during the past two years has made possible the prose-
cution of many technical investigations. Particularly is the Board
indebted to the University of California, the University of Southern
California and to Leland Stanford Junior University, for not only
support, but for active effort and the direction of difficult studies.

We wish also to thank, personally and officially, the many railroad
and other transportation officials in the State, through whose unfailing
courtesy the transportation of fish and attendants and special em-
ployees, has been possible. Without the free and reduced rate trans-
portation of fish and fish eggs and game, that has been provided by
the Southern Pacific, the Western Pacific, the Sierra, the Northwestern
Pacific, the Lake Tahoe Railway and Transportation, the Nevada-
California and Oregon and other railway companies and by the Pacific
Coast Steamship Company and the Wells Fargo and Globe Express
Companies, the distribution made by the Board would have been but
a part of the gratifying total reported.

In concluding this report we desire to state that during the year
that has just past every possible encouragement and assistance has
been given by the public. Any success that may have crowned our
undertakings must be credited to this favorable and growing senti-
ment.

Respectfully submitted.

F. M. NEWBERT, President,
M. J. CONNELL,
CARL WESTERFELD,

Board of Fish and Game Commissioners.

Mexican Wild Turkey {Meleagris gallopavo) .

EEPORT OF BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 17

GAME CONDITIONS IN CALIFORNIA.

By J. S. HuNTEB,
In charge Game Conservation, Fish and Game Commission.

As a people we have been slow to realize the importance of the wild
life of our country. Our love of hunting has caused the extermina-
tion of some our characteristic varieties of game. In our desire to
have a full game bag to our credit, we have been reaching out to the
more inaccessible places where game still approaches the conditions
that were formerly common throughout the entire country. This
desire to protect and cherish that with which we were so abundantly
favored has not kept pace with the ability to kill ; so that at the present
time, there is in many of the states practically no game.

In our own State, while there is not an abundance of game, enough
will still remain if judgment is used in the killing that the generations
to come will find a state in which game still flourishes and in which
the man who enjoys the most fascinating of all sports, may go into
the field with his gun and dog and participate in the pleasure of his
forefathers.

Our game animals are so valuable that the title to them has been
retained by the State. Of late years, the right to take this game has
been refused until a hunting license was secured. The law compelling
a license has been one of the most popular that has ever been enacted,
not only in California, but in every state in which it has been adopted.
Millions of dollars are invested in our State in guns and other hunting
paraphernalia. This sum has been variously estimated as reaching
into nine figures. It is perhaps safe to say that it is not less than
twenty-five million dollars. Add to this sum the amount that the score
of clubs throughout the State have invested in land and buildings and
it will probably total over one hundred million dollars. There are
sold in California alone every year twenty-eight million shotgun shells.
Every industry benefits from the fact that there is game in our State.
Railroads run special hunters' trains during the open seasons. The
opening of the season is made the feature of window displays through-
out the State. Plotels and resorts, even small towns, owe their very
existence to the fact that they are established in a game country. To
a great extent, the sturdiness of the American people can be attributed
to their love for hunting and outdoor amusements. A' state in which
game flourishes attracts people from all over the world. The value of
land is increased by there being game upon it.

There are present in California so many different conditions of
climate and topography that it is almost impossible to create a blanket
fish and game law. When deer, for example, are in proper condition
to be killed in one section, they are out of condition in another. Two

2—2956

18 REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

years ago the legislature divided the State into game districts. Those
selected were based upon artificial boundary lines without sufficient
regard to natural conditions. In order to be satisfactory, districts
must be based upon faunal, geographic and climatic conditions. In
another part of this report will be found a suggestive districting
scheme, which we believe will be far more satisfactory.

The present condition of game in the State is far from satisfactory.
It is possible to secure the bag limit of any variety of game in any
part of the State only with a great deal of difficulty. This is not
necessarily due to the lack of enforcement of our present game laws,
but to the fact that the seasons are too long, not rightly placed, that
the number of hunters has been increasing year by year, and to numer-
ous other causes.

DEER.

It is reported in many parts of the State that deer are on the
increase. In view of the greater number of hunters, this is remark-
able if it is correct; but it is doubtful whether careful investigation
will uphold the current reports. There are probably killed in the
State each year by hunters, 10,000 deer. Records were secured in
1911 of nearly 7,000, and it is safe to assume that at least 3,000 more
were killed. It has been estimated that every mountain lion will kill
at least 52 deer a year. Place the lion population at 250 and we can
charge up 13,000 deer to lions. Coyotes and other varmints will
without doubt bring the total number of deer killed up to the neigh-
borhood of 30,000. In average years the natural death rate is not
great; most of them meet violent deaths, so that 30,000 can be fairly
accurately placed as the number of deer dead from all causes in the
State.

ELK AND ANTELOPE.

Of the thousands of elk and antelope that formerly ranged in our
State, we now have but a few scattered bands, feeble reminders to fill
us w^th remorse for the protection we did not give such magnificent
game. In the San Joaquin Vallej^ near Button Willow and in the
Sequoia National Park range are all that are left of the thousands of
"tule" elk that formerly were found throughout the San Joaquin and
Sacramento valleys. This species is peculiar to California. They now
number between 400 and 500 head. It is reported that twenty odd years
ago the band had decreased to less than twenty head. Since that time
they have been- given protection by the Miller & Lux Company and
have now increased to their present number. On account of the size
of this herd, it will soon be necessary for the State to take care of
them, as no private interest can stand the expense of so great a num-
ber of large animals ranging at will through fences and over fields.
The writer and Professor Grinnell of the University of California
during the past summer visited this section of the State, and a plan

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 19

was formulated which it is believed would result in properly caring for
the "tule" elk. It is hoped that something along the lines suggested
by Professor Grinnel in the following report, can be adopted :

Berkeley, Califoknia, June 13, 1912.

State Fish and Game Commission,

San Francisco, California.

Gentlemen: I submit herewith a statement in regard to the dwarf elk {Cervus
nannodes ) , as it occurs at the present time in the San Joaquin basin. This infor-
mation was obtain largely by Mr. J. S. Hunter and myself during the last ten days
in April, 1912. During this period we explored the district west from Bakersfield,
in Kern and San Luis Obispo counties.

According to the consensus of the accounts given us by old residents of the
region, elk formerly ranged in considerable numbers throughout the Sacramento
and San Joaquin basins, south to the immediate environs of Bakersfield, thence
west through the inner coast ranges and intervening valleys as far as the plains of
the Cuyama Valley, in San Luis Obispo County, and extreme northern Santa Bar-
bara County. Before they had become much reduced in numbers, in the sixties, elk
occupied most of the tule swamp region of the bed of the San Joaquin Valley. On
this account this species of elk has been frequently called the "Tule" elk. The
animal, however, ranged up into, and through, the barren ranges of hills all along
the west side from west of Tulare Lake south to the vicinity of Maricopa.

By the year 1874 the elk had disappeared throughout nearly all of this territory.
One report has it, that in 1874 but one single pair of elk remained between Tulare
and Buena Vista lakes. These were on the property of Henry Miller. This gentle-
man decided to save this remnant if possible, and offered large rewards for infor-
mation leading to the identity of any one molesting the animals. It is said that the
fine herd of elk now existing, has descended from this pair of animals preserved by
Mr. Miller.

The cause of the rapid decrease in the original numbers of elk is said to have
been due to hunters, who make it a business to "jerk" elk meat, and sell it to pros-
pectors on the desert.

It would appear that the dwarf elk never ranged outside of the lower Sonoran
life zone within the San Joaquin-Sacramento basin. There was, however, a slight
seasonal shifting. To this day, the does go up into the hills during the season when
the fawns are born. At this time, too, bands of bucks range high into the hills, but
not, generally, above the limits of the temperature conditions existing in the lower
Sonoran zone.

The point I wish to bring out here is that this species of elk can not be expected
to thrive if transported into any other faunal area than that in which it was origi-
nally native. There is no barrier to prevent the dwarf elk spreading high up into
the pine lelt of the Siorra, or pvcn into the Mojave dts'vt, or west into the coast
district. But they did not go, finding the different climatic conditions prohibitive.

The rate of reproduction, that is, the rate of increase, of the dwarf elk is believed
to amount to the doubling of the herd every four years, as long as conditions remain
normally favorable. It is obviously, however, impossible for such a rate of
increase to have been maintained since the original nucleus of the herd was first
given protection. It is probable that there are good grounds for believing the num-
erous rumors, that there has been more or less poaching, even up to within a very
few years.

Our investigations in April resulted in our belief that there are at the present
time very close to 400 head of elk ranging from Buena Vista Lake to the vicinity
of Button Willow and thence west into the elk hills ; and as far as known, these are
all of thf representatives of the species in existence, save for a few which were
removed in 1904 to the Sequoia National Park, and a very few in confinement else-
where. The main herd remains a large part of the time on the valley lands belonging
to Miller & Lux, and the Kern County Land Company.

There is no denying the fact that the presence of this great number of animals
running at large, inflicts serious injury to these properties. We saw elk crowd
throi(f/h fences and trample fields of standing grain. I am informed upon good
authority, that it is estimated that on the Miller & Lux property alone, $5,000
worth of damage is done each year by the elk, in breaking fences, and in trampling
alfalfa and grain outside of what forage they actually consume.

20 REPORT OP BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

The elk pay absolutely no attention to the ordinary cattle fence. We saw them
go over both barbed-wire and rail fences with the greatest ease. The elk prefer,
however, to crowd through if they can, as we observed in several cases.

The problem presenting itself for immediate action on the part of every one inter-
ested, is that of securing a permanent range. Everything points towards the rapid
subdividing of the large land holdings into farms. No single owner can then stand
the ravages of the elk. It is not for a moment to be supposed that any one advocates
the unlimited protection of elk under the present conditions of rapid settlement of
the California valleys. It is, however, consistent with the highest ideals of con-
servation that at least a representation of the animal be preserved in as nearly their
native surroundings for all time. The steps leading to this consummation must be
taken at once, while there is yet the opportunity of securing adequate areas of land
in their native domain.

Nothing is more certain than that only failure can attend any attempt to move
the elk from the limits of their native range. This was abundantly proven by the
disastrous results of the "drive" of 1904 when the attempt was made to remove
the entire herd to the Sequoia National Park.

The following suggestion has been made, as receiving favorable consideration by
several persons qualiiied to judge, who are intimately interested in the problem :
That three sections of land be acquired, one of these to be located in the bed of the
valley between Buena Vista and Tulare lakes, the other two to lie to the westward,
up into the elk hills. The first designated section should be of first class land
(which is now valued in that vicinity at $100 an acre — $64,000 for the section).
This section of arable land would have to be purchased or donated, but it is prob-
able that the adjacent two sections of desert land could be secured under some sort
of lease from the Federal Government.

The three square miles thus indicated would have to be completely fenced to keep
the elk from doing depredations to the surrounding country. A special elk-proof
fence would have to be constructed, and at a cost of $800 to $900 per mile. Such a
fence would have to be at least seven feet high, and of such materials that elk could
not break through. Of the arable section of land, at least 250 acres should be
grown to alfalfa. This in connection with the native forage on the uplands would
support about 500 elk.

It is suggested that further increase of elk could doubtless be disposed of from
year to year for eating, or for stocking elsewhere. Such sale might establish the
means of permanent support, to defray the salary of a man continually in charge,
and the extra labor necessary in haying time.

The above brief outline for the establishment of a refuge for the dwarf elk I
believe to be not only feasible but immediately necessary if we are to expect the
preservation of this, one of the most interesting species of native game animal in
California. It seems to me that the State Board of Fish and Game Commissioners
could carry out the necessary details with much less difiiculty than at the outset
might be anticipated. Successful accomplishment would bring everlasting commen-
dation for the far sightedness of this undertaking.

Respectfully submitted and recommended.

(Signed) J. GRINNELL,

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology,

University of California.

Besides the "tule" elk, another variety is found in very small num-
bers in the more humid parts of the State, in Humboldt and Del Norte
counties. On account of the nature of the country, which is covered
with timber and brush where this species range, it is difficult to accur-
ately estimate their numbers. There are several small bands, number-
ing from six to twelve animals. It is safe to say that they do not total
over 200 individuals. The people living in that part of the State are
cooperating in ensuring these animals absolute protection, and it is to
be hoped that they may be saved.

The antelope is more extensively distributed. A few are still found
in the desert region bordering on the Colorado River in the extreme
southeastern part of the State ; some are also found in Antelope Valley,

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 21

in the northeastern part of Los Angeles County, while in western San
Joaquin Valley the largest band of the State is found. These number
upwards of 150 individuals. In Modoe, Lassen and Siskiyou counties
there are several small bands. All told, there are probably about 600
antelope left in the State. The antelope does not take well to domestic
conditions. They tame easily, but up to the present time, no success
has been had in the breeding and raising of them in captivity. The
adult animals soon lose their vitality and in a few months will pine away.
If some part of our State that is adapted to the antelope could be set
aside as an antelope range, where they would be given absolute protec-
tion, it is believed that this species could be perpetuated. If such
refuge should be established, it will be necessary to keep sheep from
grazing on the land, as antelope and sheep will not get along together.
As a rule, the land where antelope is found is abnost worthless from the
grazing or agricultural standpoint. The antelope is one of the most
interesting of our North American game animals, and if by reasonable
effort we can save them, we will be well repaid for our trouljle.

MOUNTAIN SHEEP.

The mountain sheep still flourish in considerable numbers in the
southeastern part of the State. Formerly they ranged over the entire
Sierra Nevada region and across into the lower Coast Range as far north
as San Luis Obispo County, but they now are restricted to the most
inaccessible portions. Professor Grinnel of the University of California
has about completed a report on the present status of this magnificent
game animal. This report will probably be published shortly by the
Commission.

BEAR.

Many of our most valuable animals as yet have received no consider-
ation from the law. The grizzly bear is practically extinct. There are
probably not half a dozen left in the State. The common brown or
black bear is fairly abundant in some parts. It is for the most part a
harmless species, feeding on roots, berries, grubs and insects. Rarely
does a bear kill sheep or hogs. Occasionally a sheep-killing bear may be
reported, but it is an exception to the general rule. They are naturally
timid animals, only becoming vicious when wounded and cornered.
The least unnatural sound will cause a bear to run for miles. The pelt
cf a well colored bear in prime condition is worth from $20.00 to $40.00.
The law should not allow their being killed except when the pelt is prime.

FUR-BEARING ANIMALS. i

Few people realize the importance of the fur-bearing animals in our
State. Each year furs worth nearly $200,000 are shipped to the various
fur centers. Under our present law none of the fur-bearing aniihd.ls is
protected. The killing of them is allowed in every season o£ the year.
They are worthless during the summer months but exceedingly vMuable
during the winter. The killing of the more valuable aiid least jiredatory
species should be prohibited when their fur is of no valtie.

22 REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

WILD DUCKS AND GEESE.

The most abundant game birds in the State are ducks and geese,
although neither of them are nearly as numerous as they were in former
years. Ducks formerly bred in abundance throughout the entire State.
Now, owing to the reclamation of land and also to the late spring
shooting, the only species that breed commonly are the cinnamon teal
and fulvous tree duck. The e species leave the State during the fall
months and are not heavily killed by duck hunters. The only places
-where other varieties breed commonly are in the lakes throughout the
Sierra region.

There were killed in California last year approximately one million
ducks. These birds cost the hunter at least fifty cents each. Some
authorities consider that they cost a dollar. Even at fifty cents, it can
be easily understood what the wild ducks are worth to the people of the
State. Numerous species of geese are becoming exceedingly scarce.
The practice of using live decoys and animal blinds has reduced their
1: umbers to a very small fraction of what they were formerly. Experi-
ments should be carried on to ascertain if the geese do the damage that
is attributed to them. A certain amount of pasturing of young grain
has been found to increase the crop. It is possible that in some of the
grain fields of the interior, the work of the geese has increased rather
than decreased the amount of grain produced. Without doubt, the
killing of geese should be more restricted than it is at present.

SHORE BIRDS.

Our present law on shore birds is extremely ambiguous. The season
should open and close for all species at the same time. The different
species are not well known to most hunters and quite often a law-abiding
man unconsciously violates the law. To allow the season for any water
})ird to run as late as the first of May is directly contrary to the advice of
men who have made a study of spring shooting. Many of the shore
])irds are now on the verge of extinction and it would be well to consider
taking them off the list of game birds. There is no more harmless
proup of birds in the State, so far as the agricultural interests are con-
cerned, and from the standpoint of game most of them are not to be
seriously considered.

QUAIL.

Quail are slowly decreasing throughout most of the State, on account
of the great number of hunters and the development of facilities for
getting into all sections where quail are found. One cause of the
decrease of quail has been attributed to in-breeding. If there is any
merit in this contention, the in-breeding can be attributed to the heavy
shooting, reducing the number of birds to below the safety point. In
parts of the State there is urcent need of a close season for a number
of years if quail are to be kept from extermination. There is some
hope that the experiments in domesticating quail, now being tried by
parties throughout the State, may be successful. They are compara-
tively easily raised and would command a very good price from bird

REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 23

fanciers, if the sale were permitted. Mountain quail can probably be
successfully raised above elevations of 2,500 feet. Experiments with
them below that level have for the most part resulted in failures.
Mountain quail have become very scarce throughout the southern end
of the State, and in the coast region below San Francisco. In other
parts of the State, although sometimes many of them are killed by
hard winters, they are about holding their own.

GROUSE.

Ruffed grouse are fairly abundant in the extreme northwestern
corner of the State. On account of the heavy brush and timber in
which the birds are found, they are not hunted extensively. The blue
grouse is becoming scarcer, and in all parts of the State where the
settlers have engaged in sheep raising, they are almost extinct.

The sage hen is found only in the eastern part of the State, in the true
sagebrush country. They have been greatly reduced where sheep have
been ranged. It has been suggested that we endeavor to introduce the
sage hen into Imperial County and other places of low elevation. It is
probable that no success would be secured from any experiments of
this sort, as the sage hen is practically never found below an elevation
of 3,000 to 4,000 feet; neither is it found out of the true sagebrush
country. The sage hen is our largest native California game bird and
it is to be greatly desired that it be kept from extermination.

DOVES AND PIGEONS.

Perhaps the most difficult bird we have in the State to arrange a
proper season for is the common mourning dove. Breeding records
show that January is the only month in which they do not nest. No
• bird should be killed during the nesting season. On this account there
are many sportsmen who advocate the removal of the dove from the
list of game birds. If the proper season cannot be arranged, then this
is what should be done. There is very urgent need for the protection
of the wild (band-tail) pigeon. This is the slowest breeding game bird
in the United States. One egg is the complete set, and probably only
one egg is laid the entire year.

INTRODUCED GAME BIRDS.

Of the introduced game birds, those which have promised the best
results are the ring-necked pheasants and wild turkeys. Pheasants
have been liberated in various parts of the State where climatic condi-
tions and topography were considered adapted to them. In many places
very excellent results have been obtained. In Humboldt County, the
birds have increased to a remarkable extent. They have also increased
in parts of the Santa Clara and San Joaquin vallej^s. It will, however,
be several years before the ring-necked pheasant can be considered
abundant enough to be placed on the open list.

Wild turkeys have been liberated in the lower Sierra Nevada region,
where they are reported to be doing exceedingly well. Other plants
iave been made in San Diego, San Bernardino, Monterey, San Benito,

24 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

Alameda, Sonoma, Shasta, and Humboldt counties. Eeports that have
come in are very promising and we believe that before many years the
wild turkey will be one of our most prized game birds. A report of
the turkey plantings made in the southern Sierra, by Deputy A. D.
Ferguson of Fresno, will be found in the Board's 1913 Game Bulletin
No. 1.

Hungarian partridges have been given a good trial but as yet no
success has been met with. There have been very few places where
they have been seen in recent months. It is possible that the Hun-
garian partridge will show up in unexpected places and that we may
yet have this bird permanently within our State.

GAME REFUGES.

As game becomes scarcer and hunters work farther and farther into
the breeding country, it will become more and more essential that
certain places be left where game can have an absolute refuge. From
these refuges game will spread to the surrounding open country where
the hunters may have a chance to secure a fair bag. The more numerous
these refuges can be, the more game will there be for the people of the
State. The benefits that are to be derived from a protected area of this
sort are well shown in San Mateo County. In that county there are
approximately 20,000 acres of Spring Valley Water Company land.
On this land there is practically no hunting. The deer are undisturbed
here at all times. In the fall of the year the bucks begin to travel and
may be found in every part of the county. During the present year
there vrere killed about 154 bucks. "Were it not for the Spring Valley
preserved land, it is safe to say that not one tenth of this number
would have been taken. If a game refuge could be established in every
county in the State, we would be sure of a perpetual supply of game.
There are many places that could be easily acquired at present, but as
more settlers work in it will be more and more difficult, so that the
time to commence is now.

GAME REARING.

In this connection it is well to say a word concerning domestic propa-
gation of game. As it becomes more and more necessary to remove all
the wild game from the markets, the public demands something to take
its place. This can w^ell be supplied from that raised in captivity. We
have thousands of acres of land in this State that is excellent range for
deer and upon which few of our domesticated animals can survive.
This land, when properly fenced, would bring in a steady income as
deer farms. Venison is one of the most delicious of all meats, and would
command a high price at all times. The writer is informed by one of the
leading butchers of San Francisco that he could secure from $1.00 to
$1.50 per pound for all the venison he could obtain. Both deer and elk
are readily domesticated. A law allowing the sale of such animals would
not make it any more difficult to protect the wild animals ; on the other
hand, it would supply the demand for venison and would remove the

REPORT OF BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 25

reason for violating the law that sometimes exists under our present
system. Not only can big game be domesticated, but quail, wild ducks
and other game birds can be profitably raised. It would be well for our
State to adopt a law something similar to that in force in New York,
which allows the raising of game and the sale of all wild game other than
that native to America.

CROP DAMAGE BY GAME.

There are parts of our State where deer and small game do consider-
able damage to growing crops. At present there is no provision in our
law that allows the killing of such animals, nor is there any provision
made for the payment of damages to the owner of the crops. It would
not be wise to allow the killing of game animals on account of the very
numerous parties who would take advantage of the opportunity to kill
game at all seasons of the year, so that some system of appraising the
damage done and the compensating of injured parties is the only
solution.

PREDATORY ANIMALS.

The worst game destroyers that we have are the mountain lions,
coyotes and bobcats. The lion works chiefly on deer ; the coyote and cat
on fawns and small game. It seems impossible to devise a bounty law
through which the State would not be robbed. Almost every state in
the Union has tried it at different times, and nothing but failures have
resulted. All these species of "varmints" do damage, not only to the
game of the State, but to the stock and poultry interests, so that it
would not be fair to pay a bounty out of the game protection funds
entirely. If any sort of a system is devised, the money should be taken
from the general fund of the State.

A sum of money could be placed at the disposal of- the Fish and
Game Commission, out of which a number of expert trappers could
be paid — these men put to work systematically in parts of the State
where "varmints" are most abundant. The wages of such trappers
need not be great, as the men could be allowed to retain the pelts taken.
By a strenuous campaign it would be possible to bring the "varmints"
to below the danger point, and enough game and stock would be saved
each year to more than pay for the money expended.

26

REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

OPERATION OF STATE GAME EARM AT HAYWARD.

By Wm. N. Dirks, Superintendent.

I herewith beg to submit my report as Superintendent of the State
Game Farm, for the season of 1912.

On account of the unsatisfactory results obtained in years past, when
all eggs were hatched under the domestic hen, it was decided to learn
if more satisfactory results could not be obtained by the use of incu-
bators. A great deal of time was spent in reading what various author-
ities have written on this subject; but it was found that their reports

Pheasant chicks watering.

were more or less contradictory, and that only in a general way could
they be relied upon. It was then determined to go ahead with actual
experiments.

Various makes of incubators were tried and all were found to give
aliout the same general results. Eggs were first placed in the incubator
during March. Out of 13 eggs but 5 hatched — a percentage of a little
over 38. Of the next lot of 517 eggs, 367 hatched, or nearly 71 per cent.
Three other lots were tried, with poor success — only 40 per cent hatched.

It was then decided to set the eggs under hens for a number of davs.

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

27

before transferring them to the incubators. Of the first lot of 1,100 eggs
&o placed. 822 hatched — a greater percentage than had been secured by
the use of the incubator alone. Even better results were obtained later ;
out of a lot of 500 eggs, 411 were hatched, or 82 per cent.

It is a general complaint among pheasant breeders that the eggs laid
toward the end of the season are weaker in fertility than those laid
earlier. This has not been the case with the eggs hatched at the, Game
Farm during the past season ; for of the last 123 laid, 100 were fertile.

It is planned, for the next year, to carry on experiments in coopera-
tion with the State University, at the State Farm at Davis, to see if

^-' ;'^T^^Rsr''.«4

l£

^^adm> I ii;,, ,i„niH|ii|| lai iiiiii r"r 1 ■ ■ ^'

'^.

t^Mt)-:ijr

Pheasant chicks hi brooder yard at Game Farm.

satisfactory results can not be obtained with incubators alone, thus
abandoning the use of hens.

Although the trial with incubators has not met with the success that
was hoped for, the artificial brooder, on the other hand, has given
entire satisfaction, and has proved to be far ahead of any natural method
for the raising of birds in large numbers. The brooder-house is a build-
ing divided into five compartments, opening into screen runways, 8 feet
wide by 90 feet long. At one end of the building a furnace is set in
a shallow pit, and leading from it a terra cotta pipe laid in a trench
runs the entire length of the building. This pipe is boxed in. and

18

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

covered with sand. By this arrangement a very even temperature can
be maintained at all times.

The young pheasants are removed from the incubator as soon as dry.
When the hatch is irregular, the older chicks may be taken out several
hours in advance of the smaller ones, without harmful results.

Food is placed in reach of the little fellows within a few hours after
they are taken from the incubator. For the first few days they are
given a boiled custard, made in the proportion of six eggs to a pint of
milk; after a day or two a small amount of cornmeal is added to this
custard, and later, corn grits and fresh chopped beef. Hemp, mustard.

a^^*^

■'^ir-f%

Valley quail in pen at Game Farm.

and canary seeds are also scattered in the pens, and after the chicks
are a month old, wheat and charcoal are added. Sand and green food,
such as lettuce, kale, and clover, are placed within reach of the birds at
all times.

After five weeks in the brooder, the birds are strong enough to be
transferred to outside pens, and almost any time after they are eight
weeks of age they are ready for liberation. About this time, there is a
tendency to pick each other's feathers, with the result that as soon as
blood shows, the injured bird becomes an object of attack by all the
other birds in the pen, and in most cases is killed.

In securing eggs, the breeding birds were confined in small pens —

REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 29

one male to five hens, except in two pens, where eight and ten hens
respectively were confined. From both of these pens eggs were taken
equaling in fertility those taken from the pens in which there was a
lesser number of female birds. Experiments along this line will be
carried on during the next summer.

In raising pheasants it is very important to guard against the young
birds' getting hold of any of the burrs of the burr clover, as these burrs
lodge in the throat and if not removed — an operation that can be per-
formed with the aid of a small pair of ph3'sician's forceps — will cause
death.

On account of the difficulty of securing valley quail for breeding pur-
poses, a fair test was not made with these birds, though it is believed
that they can be easily raised. Of the few eggs secured, 90 per cent
of those that were fertile hatched. As soon as hatched the chicks were
put into a fireless brooder made of feather dusters. Ninety were raised
out of 181 hatched. Extensive experiments in the raising of valley quail
will be carried on during the next year.

No success attended experiments with the Gambel or desert quail. All
but three of the female birds died, and on dissection it was found that
although eggs had developed, owing to some unknown trouble, probably
due to a change in climatic or food conditions, the birds were unable to
lay them. The male birds are more hard}^ and practically none have
died.

No attempt was made to raise a great number of wild turkeys, as the
stock at the farm has been greatly run down. These birds are easy to
raise and should new breeding stock be secured next year a great many
birds could be raised for liberation.

30 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

PROPAGATION AND DISTRIBUTION Of PISH, SEASON 1910-191 L

SALMON PROPAGATION.

In 1910, during the months of October, November, and December,
the Fish and Game Commission received as usual from the U. S. Bureau
of Fisheries, a grant of 24,126,000 salmon eggs which had been
spawned at the Federal hatcheries at Baird, Battle Creek, and Mill
Creek. These eggs were received and cared for at the State hatcheries
at Sisson, Eel River and Brookclale.

Those hatched at Sisson were liberated in the tributaries of the Sac-
ramento, near the hatchery, with the exception of 2,215,000 which were
taken down to Redding and liberated in the Sacramento. Those hatched
at the Eel River Hatchery were liberated in that stream within a few
miles of the sea, and those hatched at Brookdale were planted in Scott
Creek and the San Lorenzo River.

In addition to the above -grant, 2,109,000 of silver salmon eggs were
obtained through the joint operations of the Commission and the
Bureau of Fisheries, on Klamath River, near Klamathon. The eggs
of the silver salmon were shipped to Sisson and hatched there, with the
result that 700,000 young silver salmon were planted in Klamath River
and 719,000 in the Sacramento River. This was the first effort made
in this State to increase the runs of the silver salmon; heretofore
hatchery propagation having been confined to the Quinnat, or Sacra-
mento salmon.

The silver salmon, commonly called "Coho" in the north, apparently
does not enter either the Sacramento or the San Joaquin rivers. There
is no known reason why the fish should not enter these streams; they
run abundantly in the Klamath and the Smith rivers, in Del Norte
County; they are taken in considerable numbers in Eel River, in the
fall; and they frequent many other of the coast streams, as far south
as Monterey Bay. Strange as it may appear, the presence of the
silver salmon in the waters of this State remained unnoticed until Dr.
Gilbert, Professor of Zoology, at Stanford University, a few seasons
ago called attention to them. Heretofore, all the salmon taken in our
rivers have been commercially classed as Quinnat. The silver salmon —
though a true Pacific salmon — is not considered as valuable a fish as the
Quinnat ; they are smaller, run late in the fall, and are lacking in color
and in oil. Nevertheless they are an excellent food fish when taken as
they enter the rivers from the sea. Though the silver salmon run
neither into the Sacramento nor the San Joaquin rivers, as an experi-
ment the Commission planted 719,000 in the Sacramento, at Redding,
with the hope of establishing a run in that river of these desirable
fish. The outcome of the experiment will be watched with interest.

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 31

TROUT EGG COLLECTION AND DISTRIBUTION.

During the winter and spring of 1910-1911 the Commission obtained

from the stock fish in the breeding ponds at the Sisson hatchery, the

following numbers of trout eggs :

Loch Leven trout 1,200,000

Rainbow trout 1,100,000

Eastern Brook trout 750,000

3,050,000

In addition to the eggs collected from the stock ponds at Sisson, two
spawning stations were operated on the Klamath River, for the collec-
tion of wild rainbow trout eggs ; these stations obtained 2,500,000 eggs,
which were eyed and shipped to the Sisson Hatchery. A station for
the collecting of steelhead trout spawn was also operated at the Snow
Mountain Power Company's dam, in Eel River, and 1,900,000 eggs
were collected there, 300,000 of which were paid to the California
Trout Farm Company, which holds the leases for operating at that
dam. Three hundred thousand of the eggs taken at the latter place
were shipped to the State hatchery at Grizzly Bluff, on Eel River, in
Humboldt County, where they were hatched. The fry from this lot
were distributed in that county. Seven hundred thousand of the eggs
T.-ere shipped to the Ukiah Hatchery, which the Commission held under
lease. This lot supplied fish for Mendocino, Sonoma, Marin and Lake-
counties. The balance of the eggs was shipped to Sisson, where they
were hatched and planted in public waters. The Commission also
operated the Scott Creek spawning station, owned by the county of
Santa Cruz, upon a lease, under the terms of which the county hatchery
at Brookdale was furnished 500,000 eyed steelhead trout eggs, from a
total of 1,300,000 steelhead eggs taken at this station, 600,000 of them
being shipped to Sisson, to be used in stocking public streams.

Owing to unfavorable weather conditions, only 130,000 steelhead
trout eggs were collected at Grizzly Bluff, Humboldt County, but the
output of that hatchery was increased by the shipment already men-
tioned.

In all, 5,800.000 steelhead trout eggs were collected during the season.

The season at Tahoe was much later than usual, owing to the
excessive snow fall of the previous winter. Operations were begun
there in May and 3,000,000 Tahoe trout eggs were collected, which were
hatched at the Tahoe and Tallac hatcheries and planted in the lakes
in the immediate vicinity.

The hatchery at Wawona, Yosemite National Park, was operated as
usual, with eggs shipped from Lake Tahoe.

The total number of trout eggs collected for the year amounted to
11,980,000.

(This report is talven from a bulletin issued by the Board in 1911. — Secretary.)

32 REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

REPORT OP SUPERINTENDENT Of HATCHERIES.

Honorable Board of Fish and Game Commissioners,
for the State of California.

Gentlemen: I take pleasure in submitting my report of the work
done at the Sisson Hatchery and other State hatcheries during the
season from December 1, 1911, to November 1, 1912; and also of my
work as Superintendent of Fish Culture and Distribution. I have
made monthly reports of all this work, which covered in a compre-
hensive way everything that was being done under my supervision.
I shall, therefore, endeavor to cover in this report only such matters
as will be of interest to the public or those especially interested, but
perhaps less informed than your honorable Board.

The work in general is in a most satisfactory and prosperous condi-
tion, due in a very great measure to the substantial support and cooper-
ation I have received from the Board of Commissioners. I have been
in the employ of the Commission for almost thirty years, and this is
the first time during that period that I have received the hearty
cooperation of the entire Board. I attribute in no small measure the
success of the past season to this source, and I am deeply grateful
for all the encouragement and material assistance thus given.

THE SISSON HATCHERY.

The excellent condition of the buildings and surroundings at the
Sisson Hatchery enabled us to escape the usual heavy expense of the
past few years of the building of new structures. The fences had a
new coat of paint, as did also the exterior of hatchery "A," and all
of the troughs in each hatchery were newly painted. A few new
flumes have been built, and new gravel bottoms have been put in some
of the ponds. A great deal of ugly brush has been removed, thus
putting the ponds in a neater looking, as well as more sanitary con-
dition. The roofs of all the buildings were repaired and a new motor
was installed in the feed house.

At Bogus, Shovel and Camp creeks, small egg collecting stations
under the supervision of this hatchery, the buildings, traps and screens
were given a thorough overhauling and at Bogus creek an addition
was built to the dwelling occupied by the men during the egg collect-
ing season,

THE DISTRIBUTION CAR.

The distribution car also came in for its share of improvements.
The boiler and air pumps especially were in poor condition and in
April the car was sent to the Sacramento car shops of the Southern
Pacific Railroad. The aerating system was improved by doubling the
number of aerating plugs in each unit, thus insuring an abundance
of oxygen in each can. The fish have carried better this season than
ever before. Reports received from nearly all of the applicants made
mention of the excellent condition of the fry at the time of delivery.

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 33

CREATION OF NEW OFFICE.

In November, 1911, the Commission saw fit to create the new office
of Fish Culture and Distribution, and I was assigned to this new
division of the w^ork. I entered upon my new duties with great
interest and enthusiasm. The work at first was somewhat heavy; but
I was able with the excellent assistance given me, to effect a suc-
cessful organization of this new department. The duties of this work
required me to be away so much that the Commission very kindly
furnished me with the valuable assistance of R. W. Requa who in
April was made assistant superintendent of the Sisson Hatchery. He
has verj^ ably conducted the work of this station during my long occa-
sions of absence while I was away on tours of inspection into every
section of the State.

THE HATCHING SEASON AT SISSON HATCHERY.

The season for hatching here and at the substations has been unusu-
ally successful, and I submit herewith a tabulated list of the varieties
and numbers of trout hatched :

Loch Leven Tbout.

Eggs taken 1,500,000

Loss in eyeing and hatching 2OG,.50O

Left for distribution 1,293,500

Eastern Brook Trout.

Eggs talien 1,000,000

Loss in eyeing and hatching 94,000

Left for distribution 900,000

Rainbow Trout.

Eggs taken from hatcliery pond fish 1,087,000

Loss in eyeing and hatching 97,830

Left for distribution 989,170

Eggs taken Bogus Creek Station 2,455,400

Loss in eyeing and hatching 280,000

Left for distribution 2.17.").4O0

Eggs taken Camp Creek Station 2,181,600

Eggs shipped to Wawona Hatchery 225,000

Loss in eyeing and hatching 262,700

Left for distribution 1 1,093.000

Eggs taken Shovel Creek Station 1,370,000

Loss in eyeing and hatching 177,800

Fry planted in Shovel Creek 100,000

Left for distribution 1,092,200

Total 5,950,670

Steelhead Trout.

Eggs received from Brookdale 416,600

Loss in hatching 55,600

Left for distribution 361,000

3—2956

34 REPORT OP BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

Large Lake Trout — {Salmo m. tahoensis).

Eggs received from Tahoe 92,922

Loss in hatching 8.922

Left for distribution 84,000

Black-spotted Trout — {Salmo m. henshawii).

Eggs received from Tahoe 370,104

Loss in hatching 51.664

Left for distribution 318,500

SALMON.

The salmon output, while not so heavy as in several previous seasons
brought many pleasing results. Several experiments have been made
and some 50,000 fish were marked in endeavors to find the most favor-
able points for the distribution of these fish. After years of investi-
gation I am of the opinion that the only successful way to rear salmon
is to hold them from five to seven months and then release them in
our rivers before the flood season. At this age they are able to escape
their enemies and take care of themselves until they have reached the
end of their long journey to the sea. By releasing them early, when
the temperature in the streams first lowers, and before the flood season,
they depart for their natural waters under most auspicious circum-
stances, and with no danger of being carried by the floods into the
overflow basins and left later to perish in the tule basins when the
flood waters have receded.

The Federal Bureau is making arrangements to take the eggs of the
Silver salmon at Klamathon this year. They will be hatched at the
Sisson hatchery.

The output of salmon follows :

Eggs taken at Battle Creek Station and hatched at Sisson 5,890,000

Loss 105,145

Left for distribution .5,784,855

Hatched at Sacramento Experimental Station 450,000

Loss in shipping and hatching 92,300

Left for distribution 357,700

Following is a list of trout and grayling in the ponds at Sisson Sta-
tion, November 1, 1912 :

Locii Leven.

Adult 3,402

Two year old 3,572

One year old 10.500

Fry 10.000

27.474

Eastern Brook.

Adult 4,078

Two year old 4,490

One year old 5,879

Frv 17.500

■ ■ 31,947

Golden.
Yearlings 250

Grayling.
Fry 4,000

Hybrid Golden-Rainbow.
Adult , 57

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 35

Rainbow.

Adult 3,310

One year old 2,000

Fry 25,000

Fry in Klink Lake 50,000

Fry in Sisson Lake 75,000

155,310

Total 219,038

TAHOE HATCHERIES.

E. W. Hunt has successfully managed the hatcheries about Lake
Tahoe for many seasons. He proceeded to the lake a little earlier than
usual this year so as to be in readiness to take as many eggs as could
pos.sibly be accommodated at the Tahoe Hatcheries.

There has been a very large trout that entered some of the tributary
streams of Tahoe to spawn. I believe these to be a different variety,
if not a different species from the common black-spotted trout {Sahno
m. henshawii) of Lake Tahoe. These large fish have never been artifi-
cially propagated, owing to the lateness of the season when spawning
usually begins. It was my desire to procure a few thousand of these
eggs and place the fry hatched from them in different waters to see if
they attain the size and peculiar markings after they have come to
maturity under different conditions that are attained in their native
waters. These fish have been classified as the Salmo tahoensis.

Mr. Hunt succeeded in getting over half a million of their eggs. Of
these 92,922 were shipped to Sisson and hatched, and have since been
distributed to various waters. The remaining eggs at the Tahoe Hatch-
eries were hatched and distributed to various tributary streams of
Lake Tahoe. I am waiting with a great deal of interest the results of
the artificial hatching of these large trout and also the effects of trans-
planting them to foreign waters.

Another important feature in connection with the Tahoe work was
the exchange of 50,000 rainbow trout eggs to the Verdi Hatcherj^ in
return for as many Eastern brook eggs. The Eastern brook eggs were
hatched and at the age of eight months were in fine condition and
were distributed. The rainbow eggs will be delivered to the Verdi
Hatchery next spring.

After a very busy and successful season the Tahoe Hatchery closed
on October 7th and Mr. Hunt, after a short vacation, proceeded to
Sisson. The statistical report follows :

Black-spotted trout eggs taken 3,010.622

Large lake trout eggs taken 542,701

Total eggs taken 4,158,383

Eggs shipped to Sisson and Wawona 585,086

Loss in eyeing and hatching 482,439

1,067,525

Fry planted as per distribution reports :

From Tallac 1,617,072

From Tahoe 993,137

From Glen Alpine 475,649

3,085,858

Total 4,1531,383

36 ' REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

BROOKDALE HATCHERY.

The Brookdale Hatchery, which has hitherto been operated by Santa
Cruz County, has recently been acquired by the State through a lease.
Owing to a lack of funds for maintaining this hatchery, Santa Cruz
County entered into an agreement with the State, turning over the sta-
tion, in return for the delivery to that county annually of 500,000 steel-
head trout eggs.

Mr. F. A. Shebley has managed this hatchery since its institution
and has continued as its superintendent since it has been acquired by
the State. The eggs which are hatched at Brookdale are taken mainly
from Scott Creek. An insight into the history of this station is neces-
sary, therefore, in order to fully understand the importance of what
has been accomplished there.

Concrete dams w^ere first placed in the creek in the fall of 1907 by
Santa Cruz County at a cost of $650.00. The following spring 725,000
eggs were taken. To make it a well equipped egg-collecting station
considerable more work was needed; but an insurance of enough eggs
in future had to be guaranteed in order to justify the cost. The only
wa}^ to obtain this assurance was to protect the small trout in a portion
of the stream and lagoon from hook and line fishermen. Leases were
therefore secured from owners of land on that portion of the lagoon
and stream, whereby four miles of stream was acquired and closed to
fishermen. Here the fish are protected until maturity. Results have
shown that by protecting that portion of the stream an increase of
two million eggs was secured this season over the first season and with
no greater cost of operation.

In addition to the importance to which he has elevated this plant as
an egg collecting station. Mr. F. A. Shebley deserves great credit for
the study and experiments he has pursued regarding fish life; they
are instructive and interesting and represent a vast amount of well
spent time and thought.

The egg-collecting station at Scott Creek was enlarged so as to take
an extra number of steelhead eggs. Shipments of these eggs were
inade from Brookdale to the Ukiah Hatchery, to the Eel River Hatchery
for distribution in Eel and Mad rivers and other nearby streams. Ship-
ments were also made to Sisson for distribution by car to Southern
California waters. The remainder were kept at Brookdale for dis-
tribution to points in Santa Cruz County streams.

Further improvements will be necessary to increase the take of eggs

this coming spring at Scott creek. The report of the season's work

at Brookdale follows:

Total number eggs collected at Swanton, hatched at Brookdale 2,709,300

Loss 603,200

Left for distribution 2,106,100

Total number of eggs shipped to Ukiah Hatchery 470,000

Total number of eggs shipped to Price Creek Hatchery 400,000

Total number of eggs shipped to Sisson Hatchery 416,600

Two small lots to Sacramento Experimental Station 16,000

Fry planted Scott Creek 50,000

Fry planted Santa Cruz County 753,500

Total 2,106,100

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 37

PRICE CREEK HATCHERY.

Mr. W. 0. Fassett has continued in charge of the work at this impor-
tant station and has directed it in an orderly, commendable manner ; but
a series of accidents have hampered the work here to a great extent.

In April a landslide damaged the flumes so much that the hatchery
had to close. The eggs and embryo fish in the hatchery were planted
in Price Creek. Several hundred dollars will be necessary to repair
the water supply so badly damaged by the landslide.

It may be well to note that 100,000 salmon fry were liberated in Mad
River this season. The people in this section were greatly pleased,
claiming to have been entirely overlooked by former commissions. In
response to a petition of the people of Areata, a thorough study is being
made of the conditions in Mad River relative to the propagation and
distribution of salmon fry in that section. I believe that enough eggs
can be taken to stock Eel River and Mad River, without planting there
the eggs of the Sacramento River.

The report of the steelhead trout eggs taken and the early distribution

on account of the landslide follows :

Eggs taken 218,000

Eggs received from Brookdale Hatchery 400,000

Total 618,000

Loss in eyeing and hatching 38,000

580,000
Planted in Price creek :

Embryos 4.54,000

Eyed eggs 80,000

Uneyed eggs 46,000

Total planted 580,000

Salmon eggs received from Burean of Fisheries 3.240,000

Loss 36,340

Left for distribution 3,203,660

Distributed in Mad River 100,000

Distributed in Eel River 3,103,660

Total 3.203,660

UKIAH HATCHERY.

As in several previous years, the work at Ukiah has been very capably
handled by Mr. A. V. La Motte. The hatchery was repaired early
in the season, and a motor was installed for a pumping plant, to insure
a supply of water in case the supply in the creek should fail. The
expense of purchasing the pump and wire for the power line transmit-
ting the current to the motor was paid for by subscription by the
citizens of Ukiah. The fish have suffered at this hatchery in former
years on account of the failure of the water supply. The present season,
however, has brought with it an ample supply of water, and the station
has operated successfully for four months.

38 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

The work at this station, while not so extensive as at some of the
other stations, is a credit to the Commission ; Mr. La Motte deserves
unstinted praise for the businesslike and creditable manner in which he
has conducted the work and made his reports. The residents of this
section are also entitled to the gratitude of the Commission for their
generous cooperation and support.

The egg-collecting station on Eel River, Mendocino County, was not
opened this season. The Marin County Trout Farm demanded 600,000
eggs for permitting the Commission to operate at the Snow Mountain
Power Company dam, on which they hold a lease. The Commission
considered the demand unjust and that granting it would be favoring
private interests, so enough eggs were shipped to Ukiah from Brookdale
to supply the streams in that section.

The following briefly sums up the output of this station :

Steelhead eggs shipped to Ukiah from Brookdale Hatchery 470,000

Loss of eggs and fry [ 36,542

Left for distribution 433,458

WAWONA HATCHERY.

The work at the Wawona Hatchery, superintended by Mr. F. C.
Boyce, has been entirely satisfactory, and like that at all the other
hatcheries, the season has been a busy one.

The eggs shipped to this station from the Sisson and Tahoe hatcheries
hatched in good condition, and the fry were vigorous and healthy.
Through the courtesy of Major W. H. Forsyth, superintendent of the
Yosemite National Park, the fish were given a wide distribution through
the Yosemite National Park and adjacent country during the month of
July. The greater portion were distributed by pack animals in the
lakes and streams of the Yosemite region.

The following report sums up the season's work at the Wawona

Hatchery :

Rainbow eggs shipped from Sisson to Wawona 225,000

Loss in hatching and rearing 8,994

Left for distribution 216,006

Black-spotted trout eggs shipped from Tahoe to Wawona 122,000

T<oss in hatching and rearing 7,534

Left for distribution 114,466

330,472
Rainbow trout fry distributed 216.006

Black-spotted trout fry distributed___ 114,466

Total distributed 330,472

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 39

THE SACRAMENTO EXPERIMENTAL STATION.

During the fall of 1911 the Commission decided to carry on a series
of experiments to determine whether the eggs of the quinnat salmon
could be successfully hatched and the fry reared near the city of Sac-
ramento. It was thought that if water could be found in which the
eggs could be hatched without causing injury to the eggs and embryos,
that a greater percentage of the fry would safely reach the ocean, than
would be the case if they were all liberated in the upper reaches of the
river near the natural spawning grounds. It was maintained that
under the old system of liberating the fry as soon as they were able
to swim, that a great many of them were devoured by predatory fishes,
and others were carried into the overflow basins during years of flood.

Accordingly, the station at Sacramento was established. Mr. F. A.
Shebley conducted the work in addition to his duties as superintendent
of the Brookdale Hatcherj". The experiments as carried on at Sacra-
mento are of vital importance to the salmon industry. After experi-
menting with the water from a number of wells, a flow of water was
found on the Sherliurn tract that appeared to give average results in
hatching. The fish hatched at this station were all released in the Sac-
ramento River. Of these, 50,000 were marked. A close watch will be
kept for the return of these fish when they return at maturity, to find
out if a greater percentage return as mature salmon than those that are
released on the upper reaches of the Sacramento River.

Nearly all of the fry that were liberated in the Sacramento River
were floated in a screen cage by boat into the middle of the stream and
there released. Mr. N. B. Scofield, however, took 500 in a floating box
down the river, where they were held and fed for several weeks in
brackish and salt water. They were not affected by the sudden change
from fresh to brackish and then to the saline waters of the straits near
the outlet of the liay. Mr. Scofield, who conducted the experiment,
will furnish a report of the minor details of this work.

In order to accurately determine whether better results are obtained
by hatching and releasing the fry nearer tidewater than are obtained
under the old system, it will be necessary to operate this station for a
number of years. A certain number of fry will be marked each year
until conclusive results are obtained.

In the course of the experiments above mentioned and in the search
for suitable water for hatching purposes, two wells were bored, and the
water from other wells was also analysed and experimented with. The
batteries or series of troughs used in these experiments were set up in
the open near the wells and the pumping plants were installed tem-
porarily. The best results were obtained from the well on the Sherburn
tract. Here a battery of 40 troughs was set up on the levee, and the
pumping plant installed in a small building of corrugated iron. As the
work continues during the coming season it will be necessary that a tent
or temporary building be erected over the hatching battery, and I
respectfully recommend that these few improvements be made in order

40 - REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

that the employees may be protected from the inclemencies of the
weather. If the experiments of the coming seasons prove successful,
then a permanent station should be erected and the work carried on
extensively. A report of the eggs hatched and released follows :

Total numbei* of eggs received from U. S. Commission, Baird, Battle Creek

and Mill Creek 1,768,000

October 9 — First experiment, eggs placed in experimental trough,

Carmichael land ; water being unfit. Loss 50,000

October 21 — -Second experiment. Ohji well, 10,000 eyed eggs,
11,000 green eggs. Both lots hatched in good condition, mak-
ing fine growth after feeding 21,000

January 6 — Third experiment. Levee well, water unfit. Poor

results 200,000

January 10 — Fourth experiment. Used river water by pump.

No results 50,000

January 26 — Reshipped to Sisson 4.50,000

January 26 — Loss in hatching and rearing balance of eggs with

water taken from Ohji well 97,000

January 26 — Fry liberated in Sacramento River 900,000

1,768,000

MILL CREEK,

This station is the property of the Federal Bureau, but it was oper-
ated this year by the California Commission. Heretofore, the salmon
eggs have been hatched largely at Sisson, and as the prospects were
unusually promising for the season passed, it was feared the capacity
of the Sisson Hatchery would be overtaxed. Accordingly, arrangements
were made with the Federal Bureau whereby the State operated the Mill
Creek Station. This station has many fine features, and is ideally
situated for the hatching of salmon fry. Below the mill there is a mill-
race 25 x 30 and containing from 3,000 to 5,000 miners ' inches of water.
It is covered with medium-sized boulders and gravel, and here were
distributed the surplus embryos and later the fry. It has proved to be
a remarkably fine nursery.

Geo. L. Hopper has been in charge of the work at this station, and he

has submitted the following report of the season 's work :

Eggs turned over to the State 9,364,550

Loss 40,660

9,323,890
Eggs shipped to Sacramento 607,000

Fry hatched at Mill Creek Station 8,716,890

Fry lost 53,660

Fry planted at Mill Creek S.663,230

In addition, there were 11,000 green eggs delivered to Mr. Hunt before
the State assumed charge of the operations here. There were also
150,000 eggs sent to Sacramento from Baird.

REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 41

THE DISTRIBUTION SEASON.

The season of distribution has been a long one. The first shipments
■were of salmon fry and were made in March (1912). Since then the
car and its crew under the management of F. McCrea, have been kept
constantly on the move, with the exception of ten days in April, w^hen
the car was in the shops.

In August the water in the coast streams and southern California
became so extremely low that trout distribution had to be discontinued
for a time. The car crew then proceeded to collect and distribute black
bass. This work was not altogether easy, but they managed to gather
1.750 of these fish. They were planted mostly in interior waters south
of San Francisco, but there was one shipment each to Placer, Yolo, and
Calaveras counties.

I have submitted to the Commission for publication, a complete tabu-
lated list of all the fish distributed from Sisson Hatchery and the other
hatcheries, and it will appear elsewhere in the biennial report. This I
deem most important, because the people are not only interested in
knowing how many fish are propagated and distributed, but they also
want to know where they are planted. The list will satisfy all of these
interested persons and will prove that the Commission is endeavoring to
scatter its benefits ecpially amongst all sections of the State.

In a very general way this report covers the work at Sisson Hatchery
and its auxiliary stations.

SCREENS AND LADDERS.

Acting under the instructions of your honorable Board, I began early
in Ma}', work on the fish "ladder" and screen investigation and the
work of having neces-ary structures and appliances installed.

On my recommendation you appointed A. E. Doney as my assistant in
the "ladder" and screen investigation. Mr. Doney has had several
years of experience in the Klamath River work besides his duties as
deputy in the northern part of the State. He has made a special study
of the ' ' ladder ' ' work and has proven to be a valuable assistant.

We have visited most of the corporations, mill owners, irrigation and
land companies and other water users, from Siskiyou to San Diego, in
every county but two, and will have visited these two before this report
is issued. On most occasions I have found them courteous and willing
to install whatever screens or ladders were necessary.

There has been a screen law in California nearly twenty years and this
is the first Commission that has insisted on its enforcement. The work in
this line therefore has necessarily been slow. What has been neglected
and lying dormant for so long can not be corrected in a month or even
in a year.

It has been claimed by many who are familiar with the screen ques-
tion, that the use of screens with meshes small enough to exclude trout
fry would, in many cases, practically shut off all the water from the

42

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AXD GAME COMMISSIONERS.

ditch or canal in which fry were placed. After a careful study of
hundreds of ditches and canals and the matter that is carried into them,
in the form of alg'se, leaves and grasses, and floating material generally.
I am firmly convinced that the parallel bar screens can he placed in all
the ditches and canals without working a hardship or inconvenience on

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any person or company. When we first began this work we recom-
mended the parallel bar screen and any of the rotary screens that the
ditch o\^^lers desired to put in, so long as the meshes met the regulations
of one quarter of an inch. Since then several engineers have planned

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 43

<iutomatic' self-eleaiiiug parallel bar screens that can be installed suc-
cessfully in any of the canals no matter how wide or deep they are.

Practical experiments have been made by Superintendent Requa at the
Sisson Hatchery and he now has in operation there, two working models
of self-cleaning rotary screens. He himself is the inventor of one, and
he is entitled to the credit of making the best rotary screen that has
■ever been devised. Its most important feature is its absolute simplicity
and inexpensiveness. It is so constructed that any farmer could make
one in his work shop in half a day. I have neither the time nor the
space to take up more fully the minute details of this screen. It is my
intention to circulate information on this subject by separate folders.

This screen is designed for use in ii-rigating ditches, canals, or pipes
taking water from streams, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a fish screen of simple con-
struction, • equipped with an automatic regulating device which will
luaintain a mean water level on the face of the screen under variable
heads of water. The driving apparatus, including a crank shaft, pawl
and racliet members, is designed for construction without special tools
i.'nd at a nominal cost.

It may be well to add here that the regulation insisted upon requires
that streams inhabited by trout, salmon, shad, and striped bass require
screens with openings not greater than one fourth of an inch. In
streams frequented by black bass, Sacramento perch and California
' ' pike, ' ' and where there are no salmon, shad, trout, or striped bass to
protect, an opening of one half an inch square is permissible.

I have found that the reluctance in screening is more with the engin-
eers, superintendents or water masters, than the directors or real owners
in land companies. Notice has been served to all water users that the
law will be enforced. When a reasonable length of time has elapsed and
no intention is shown to comply with the law, I shall request your hon-
orable Board to instruct the Commission's attorney to begin proceedings
to compel the obstinate ones to comply with the law.

In our study of the "ladder" question we are finding that most of
the opposition to the construction of efficient fish "ladders" is not on
account of the expense entailed in construction. In many instances,
and particularly is it the case with large power companies, non-com-
pliance is because they do not want to allow sufficient water to pass
through the ladders to make them operative, so as to support and pre-
serve the fish life in the streams below the plants. Several companies
were public spirited and made it a rule to allow sufficient water to pass
through their dams to keep the fish in good condition during the
period of the minimum flow of water in the streams.

This work of the inspection and installing of ' ' ladders ' ' and screens
will be most energetically pursued in the future, and I believe that
another year will see satisfactory progress in this line.

44 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AXD GAME COMMISSIONERS.

EXPERIMENTS ON TRUCKEE RIVER.

Mr. F. A. Sheblej^ and Mr. N. B. Scofield began a series of practical
experiments on the Trnckee River during the latter part of September,
to determine if the refuse that passes into the river from the Crown
Pulp and Paper Mill at Floriston is injurious to trout eggs and fry.
The eggs and fry are being studied above and below the mill but the
experiments have not yet been completed. A careful record is being
kept of all the experiments, and so far the results of the experiments
have been very conclusive. "When the experiments are finished a full
report of the results will be sent to your honorable Board.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

Besides the suggestions and recommendations that have already
been made in this report, there are a few more that I deem it advisable
to give at this time. They relate to the inauguration of a sea coast
patrol boat, a southern California hatchery, discontinuance of planting
eggs taken from the Sacramento River in other rivers, a general increase
of hatchery work and a warning concerning the introduction of foreign
fish.

SEA COAST PATROL BOAT.

On my trips of inspection in the southern coast counties, I inter-
viewed a Dumber of the more prominent fishermen, citizens interested
in the preservation of the marine fishes, and the deputies in the seaboard
counties, and from what I could learn regarding the condition from
Monterey south, I am of the opinion that the Commission should have
a motor boat for the sea coast patrol ; a seaworthy boat that could stand
the rough weather, so that the deputies could visit any of the islands
from San Miguel Island south to Coronado Island. I believe that this
is a very important measure for your honorable Board to consider, and
I respectfully recommend that you give this your early and earnest
consideration, so that the necessary recommendation can be made to the
legislature for an appropriation to purchase a good seaworthy patrol
motor boat to be used in the coast and island patrol.

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA HATCHERY.

In my March report I recommended that the Commission investigate
conditions in southern California, with a view to establishing a small
hatchery in that end of the State. Pursuant to this recommendation,
in company with ]\Ir. E. AV. Hunt, I made a trip in October through
the southern California coast counties lying south of the Tehachapi
Mountains. We examined a number of important sites and made a care-
ful study of them to determine which was the best suited for the loca-
tion of a hatchery to supply the southern California streams with trout
fry. We found the San Antonio canon in Los Angeles County to be
the most favorable. At this site there is an abundance of pure water,
free from algfe, organic matter, or any form of harmful bacteria or
other deleterious matter. The site is just above the intake of the
Sierra Power Company's pipe line in San Antonio caiion, on the south

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 45

basal slope of Mount San Antonio. From the end of the electric car
line to the hatchery site is six and one half miles of good road, over
Avhich a team or auto truck can convey the fish to the cars without
difficulty. We were informed that the State could secure the hatchery
site and the water necessary to operate the hatchery at a nominal sum.
A lease for at least twenty-five years or a water right or deed for 40
inches of water and two acres of land would be necessary. We shall
endeavor to get an option on this site and a statement of the amount
asked for the land and water rights. If the same can be had at a
reasonable figure, I would respectfully recommend that an appropria-
tion be asked of the next legislature for the purchase of the site or a
lease of same, as well as for the construction of the hatchery, pipe
line, dam, cottage, and for the purchase of an auto truck.

This proposition is an important one. The rapidly increasing popu-
lation of the southern part of the State makes it necessary to distribute
a greater number of fry in that section each year, and the most
economical way of doing it is to establish a hatchery there.

INCREASE OF HATCHERY WORK.

With the rapidly increasing population of California, I believe that
proportionate increase should be made in the hatchery work, so that
a larger number of fish can be liberated each season to meet the demands
of the increasing population. Several varieties of food and game fishes
from the eastern states should be introduced, as I have recommended
in my monthly reports to the Board.

DANGER IN INTRODUCTION OF PREDATORY FISH.

I wish to call the attention of your honorable Board and the legis-
lature to the danger of allowing any of the more predatory fishes
from the eastern waters to be introduced into this State. I would
respectfully recommend that the legislature make it a misdemeanor
for any person, company or corporation to introduce, carry, trans-
plant, distribute, or ship into the State of California any live fish or
fish eggs without first having obtained a permit in writing from the
Board of Fish and Game Commissioners. A number of persons have
recently asked the Commission for some of the more predatory fishes
to be placed in the waters of our own State. They mean to be inter-
ested and progressive and do not realize the great damage that can
be done by introducing undesirable species. In my opinion a strict
law should be passed covering the subject so that no one will ever
be allowed to introduce species that would be injurious and probably
exterminate the valuable food fishes that we already have and are
endeavoring to propagate in future.

WITHDRAWING SALMON EGGS FROM THE SACRAMENTO RIVER.

I mentioned in the report on the Price Creek Hatchery, that I believe
sufficient eggs can be taken from Eel River and Mad River to stock
those rivers. Heretofore these rivers have been stocked with eggs from
the Sacramento River. I believe that this should not be continued and

46 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

I think that the Commission should recommend that the Federal
Bureau discontinue this work. The Sacramento is far too important
a river commercially to have its supply of salmon eggs depleted by
transplanting to other streams.

Following the general increase of the hatchery work I wonld recom-
mend- that the propagation of striped bass be taken up again. In my
opinion, if skilled fish culturists with modern apparatus take up this
very important work, practical results can be obtained, and the num-
bers of this valuable food and game fish can be greatly increased. The
legislature should appropriate a special fund for this work, as it is of
great economic value to the people.

We now have several thousand grayling fry in our ponds at Sisson
Hatchery that we are rearing for breeders. We hope to be able to
get enough breeders from these fry to give us a start, so that we can
collect and hatch the eggs of this gamey fish for our mountain lakes
and streams.

One of the more important improvements in the hatchery work
would be the construction of a new and modern hatchery at Tahoe City.
The old hatchery was erected in 1889. The building is old and out
of date and too small to accommodate the number of eggs and fry
that must be handled at this station to obtain good results in stocking
the numerous lakes and streams in the Tahoe district. I would respect-
fully recommend that a special appropriation for this purpose be made
by the next legislature if they wish to keep up and increase the work
at this important station.

CONCLUSION.

This concludes my brief report of the work done at each of the
hatcheries and their numerous substations. Generally speaking I
believe it has been the most progressive year in the history of the
Commission, more productive of good results and replete with every
assurance of just as good if not better prospects ahead.

In the beginning of this report I expressed my deep gratitude to
the members of the Commission for their very generous cooperation
and support. I thoroughly appreciate the assistance of my superiors,
but I must not overlook those over whom I have had general super-
vision. They have given to the Commission the best service possible
at all times, working night and day when necessaiw, each performing
his work and filling his own particular duty to the best of his ability.
The hearty cooperation of my superiors and the competent assistance
of the employees of this department have made this year the fruitful,
progressive year it has been.

Respectfully submitted.

W. H. SHEBLEY,
Superintendent of Hatcheries.
November 1, 1912.

KEPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

47

PART II— STATISTICAL.

CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME COMMISSION ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS.

San Francisco District.

Alameda County.
Contra Costa County.
Del Norte County.
Humboldt County.
Lake County.

Alpine County.
Amador County.
Butte County.
Calaveras County.
Colusa County.
El Dorado County.
Glenn County.
Lassen County.

Marin County.
Mendocino County.
Monterey County.
San Benito County.
San Francisco County.

Sacramento District.

Modoc County.
Napa County.
Nevada County.
Placer County.
Plumas County.
Sacramento County.
San Joaquin County.
Shasta County.

San Mateo County.
Santa Clara County.
Santa Cruz County.
Sonoma County.

Sierra County.
Siskiyou County.
Solano County.
Sutter County.
Tehama County.
Trinity County.
Yuba County.
Yolo County.

Imperial County.
Inyo County.
Los Angeles County.
Mono County.

Los Angeles District.

Orange County.
Riverside County.
San Bernardino County.
San Diego County.

San Luis Obispo County.
Santa Barbara County.
Ventura County.

Fresno County.
Kern County.
Kings County.

Fresno District.

Madera County.
Mariposa County.
Merced County.

Stanislaus County.
Tuolumne County.
Tulare County.

48 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

BOARD Of fISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

Roster, January 1, 1913.

Commissioners appointed by tlie Governor, by and with the consent of the Senate.
Term at pleasure of the Governor. No pay.

Stats. 1869-70, p. 063 ; Pol. Code, Sees. 368, 642, 643.

F. M. Newbert, President, Sacramento Appointed Aug. 3, 1911

M. J. Connell, Los xingeles Appointed Feb. 1, 1909

Carl Westerfeld, San Francisco Appointed Nov. 28, 1911

Ernest SchaefBe, Secretary, San Francisco Appointed Nov. 29, 1911

J. S. Hunter '. Assistant in Charge Game Conservation

W. H. Shebley Superintendent of Hatcheries

J. H. Hoerl Clerk to Superintendent of Hatcheries

R. D. Duke Attorney

Head Ofp.ce, San Francisco (7J4 Mills Building).

Under direction of Commissioner Carr Westerfeld.

Ernest SchaefBe Secretary H. R. Dunbar Clerk

Arthur M. Fairfield Assistant Secretary B. McI. Rutter Clerk

O. H. Reichling Cashier Mae D. Horn Stenograplier

Leo N. Pettit Record Clerk M. O. Vreeland Stenographer

Los Angeles Office {510 Consolidated Realty Building).

Under direction of Commissioner M. J. Connell.

H. I. Pritchard Assistant E. A. McKee Clerk and Stenographer

Fresno Office (<J//7 Forsyth Building) .

Under direction of Deputy A. D. Ferguson.
Lida H. Ransom Stenographer

Sacramento Office {Forum Building).

Under direction of Commissioner F. M. Newbert.

Geo. Neale Assistant R. E. Cannel Clerk and Stenographer

List of Regular Deputies, San Francisco District.

Alameda County.

J. L. Bundock Oakland

Earle Downing Pleasanton

Amos O. Stinson . Alameda

Dei Norte County.
Paul Smith Requa

Humboldt County.

Earl P. Barnes Eureka

Theo. Benson Fortuna

Mendocino County.

Wm. Ray L Laytonville

B. H. Miller Ukiah

Ma7~in County.

Sheridan G. Smith Bolinas

Vernon D. Thomas San Rafael

Herbert E. Foster San Rafael

Monterey County.

Phil H. Oyer Pacific Grove

Frank Shook Salinas

REPORT OF BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 49

Santa Cruz County.
J. H. Hill , Watsonville

Santa Clara County.
I. L. Koppel San Jose

San Mateo County.
Frank H. Smith Half Moon Bay

San Francisco County.

M. S. Clark San Francisco

Ray B. Heacock San Francisco

Sonoma County.

A. F. Lea Cloverdale

Henry Lencioni Santa Rosa

Patrol Launch "Quinnat."

H B. Nidever. Captain Headquarters, Vallejo

J. Christenson, Engineer

Los Angeles District.

Inyo County.

E. H. Ober Bishop

Orange County.

F. A. Forster Capistrano

Riverside County.
Jas. H. Gyger Ferris

Los Angeles County.
I. A. Bordner Long Beach

Santa Barbara County.
H. J. Abels Santa Maria

San Bernardino County.
Jas. A. Vale San Bernardino

San Diego County.
Webb Toms San Diego

Ventura County.
Jas. A. Rasmussen Ventura

Fresno District.

Kern County.
Tipton Mathews Wasco

Fresno County.

S. L. N. Ellis : Fresno

F. A. Bullard Dunlap

Stanislaus County.

J. E. Newsome Newman

R. B. Shepherd Merced

Tulare County.

E. W. Smalley Hanford

D. H. Hoen Visalia

Tuolumne County.
W. G. Scott Soulsbyville

Sacramento District.

Amador County.
Fred Werner Sutter Creek

Calaveras County.
David E. Roberts Murphys

Colusa County.
S. J. Carpenter Maxwell

El Dorado County.
Euell Gray Shingle

4—2956

50 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

Lassen County.
Frank P. Cady -i Susan ville

Napa County.
^A'm. J. Moore Napa

Modoc County.

John Todd Bonner Alturas

Geo. W. Courtwright Straw

Nevada County.
R. C. O'Connor Grass Valley

Placer County.

S. J. Mandeville Truckee

C. A. Scroggs Loomis

Plumas County.
Geo. W. Chamberlin Quincy

Sacramento County.

Wm. J. Green Sacramento

C. H. Blemer Sacramento

Siskiyou County.
Frank S. Parke Yreka

Solano County.
Wm. H. Armstrong Vallejo

San Joaquin County.

Richard Squire Lodi

George J. Merritt Stockton

Shasta County.
J. S. White Castella

Trinity County.
G. O. Laws Weaverville

Tehama County.
T. W. Birmington Red Bluff

Yolo County.
R. K Sinkey Woodland

E. E. Wilgus Winters

Special Investigators, Game Farm and Hatchery Employees.

Special Investigators.

Harold Heath (Mollusks) Stanford University

N. B. Scofield (Salmon and Fishery Methods) Sunnyvale

F. W. Weymouth (Crabs) Stanford University

Willard E. Kay (Crabs) . '. Stanford University

H. C. Bryant (Game and Non-Game Birds) University of California

Chas. L. Edwards (Abalone) Los Angeles

Gretchen L. Libby, Educational Assistant Riverside

Frank C. Clarke (Deer and Other Game Animals) University of California

R. W. Requa, Assistant in Fishway and Screen Work Sisson

A. E. Doney, Assistant in Fishway and Screen Work Sisson

Chas. L. Gilmore, In Charge Stream Survey Sacramento

Hayward Game Farm.

W. N. Dirks Superintendent

David Fontes Assistant

Fish Hatchery Employees.

Sisson Hatchery.

E. W. Hunt Superintendent

F. McCrea Foreman

E. V. Cassell Assistant

C. Nixon Inside Foreman

P. Sullaway - Outside Foreman

F. Clessens Assistant

J. McManus Assistant

Geo. McCloud, Jr Assistant

E. Clessens Assistant

J. E. Winchcomb Assistant

R. L Bassler Assistant

Wm. Hefferman Assistant

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 51

Brookdale Hatchery.

F. A. Shebley Superintendent

H. L. Nelf . Assistant

Swanton Egg Collecting Station, Scott Creek.
W. H. Rich Deputy in Charge

Grizzly Bluff Hatchery, Eel River.

W. O. Fassett Superintendent

N. F. Slsson Assistant

Sacramento Experimental Salmon Station.

M. L. Cross Superintendent

Geo. A. West Assistant

Wm. Rogers Assistant

INVENTORY Of STATE PROPERTY IN CHARGE Of fISH AND GAME COMMISSION.

Recapitulation Statement, June 30, 1912.

Office equipment, San Francisco $2,204 05

Office equipment, Sacramento 609 60

Office equipment, Fresno 594 50

Office equipment, Los Angeles 579 60

• .$3,987 75

Hatcheries.
Sisson Hatchery, including fish distribution car and' equipment,
cottage at Sisson, Shasta River Station, Shovel Creek Sta-
tion, Bogus Creek Station, Camp Creek, material at Terry

and at Thrall .$41,204 35

Tahoe Hatchery 4,76S 70

Tallac Hatchery and cottage 4,823 10

Tallac Spawning Station, cottage and cabin 080 79

Glen Alpine Hatchery 30 05

Scott Creek (Santa Cruz County) 1.218 SO

Price Creek Hatchery (Humboldt County) 2,840 55

Sacramento Experimental Station - — 580 49

Wawona Hatchery 86 00

Ukiah Hatchery 83 65

Bouldin Island Hatchery (stored. South End Warehouse) 125 00

56,507 48

Launches.

"Quinnat" and equipment $5,712 90

"Shad" and equipment 1.174 60

"Audubon" and equipment 740 75

— 7,628 25

State Game Farm.

Equipment, cottage and tank house $9,251 94

Game birds and animals 2,242 63

11,494 57

Miscellci,neous.

State property in charge of Commission employees 1,658 79

Collecting nets stored at Vallejo 126 00

Total $81,402 84

52 REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES.

The following financial statement shows concisely and fully the
sources and amounts of the funds coming into the Board's control
since the filing of the last biennial report, with the channels and

amounts of expenditures :

Balance on hand June 30, 1910 $73,318 21

Receipts.

Sale of hunting- licenses, 1910-1911 $143,265 00

Sale of hunting licenses, 1911-1912 146,181 00

$289,446 00

Sale of commercial fishing licenses, 1910-1911 $23,595 00

Sale of commercial fishing licenses, 1911-1912 23,545 00

47,140 00

Sale of wholesale fish and game dealers' licenses, 1911-1912 1,265 00

Fines paid into state treasury for violations of fish and

game laws, 1910-1911 $15,941 30

Fines paid into state treasury for violations of fish and

game laws, 1911-1912 19,-530 13

35,471 43

Sale of game and produce from Game Farm 2,097 80

Total .$375,422 23

Disbursements, Year 1910-1911.

San Francisco District — Salaries, traveling expenses, rentals, etc $86,803 60

Los Angeles District — Salaries, traveling expenses, rentals, etc 16,407 40

Fresno District — Salaries, traveling expenses, rentals, etc 14,145 85

Game Farm — Salaries, expenses, supplies, purchase of birds, etc 10,805 64

Hatcheries and spawning stations — Salaries, traveling expenses, supplies 30,611 32

Distribution of fish (by car) — Salaries, expenses, supplies, etc 4,802 61

Fish patrol (launches) — Salaries, expenses, supplies, etc 12,811 02

Scientific investigations and publicity relating thereto — Salaries, ex-
penses, supplies, etc 5,814 58

Prosecutions and fees 7,492 35

Commissions on sale of hunting licenses and refunds 12,586 43

Bounties on California lions 5,420 00

Total $207,770 80

Note. — During the year 1910-11 the San Francisco District included the counties
now forming the Sacramento District.

Disbursements, 1911-1912.

San Francisco District — Salaries, traveling expenses, rentals, etc .$49,885 -54

Sacramento District — Salaries, traveling expenses, rentals, etc 35,700 39

I/OS Angeles District — Salaries, traveling expenses, rentals, etc 18,.555 38

P^resno District — Salaries traveling expenses, rentals, etc 21390 68

(lame Farm — Salaries, expenses, supplies, purchase of birds, etc 8,228 84

Hatcheries and spawning stations — Salaries, traveling expenses, sup-
plies, etc. - 40,998 09

Distribution of fish (by car) — Salaries, expenses, supplies, etc 5,561 58

Fish patrol (launches) — Salaries, expenses, supplies, etc 6,046 01

Scientific investigations and publicity relating thereto — Salaries, ex-
penses, supplies, etc 8,806 65

Prosecutions and fees 9,245 37

Commissions on sale of hunting and fishing licenses and refunds 13,161 40

Bounties on California lions 5,680 00

Miscellaneous charges 6,910 46

Total $230,170 39

June 30, 1912, balance in state treasury, after June bills were paid 32,634 68

(It is impossible to reconcile statement of license sales and other revenues for any
year with statement of payments into and balances of state treasury, as collections
are not all made during same fiscal year.)

REPORT OF BOARD OF PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 53

It should be explained that an appropriation of $20,000.00 yearly
for the support and maintenance of hatcheries, which was available
up to June 30, 1910, has not been received since that time. In con-
sequence of this loss, the fish cultural work of the Board has been
seriously interfered with and will be more greatly impeded and injured
within the next two years if the appropriation is not restored and in
increased amount.

As the foregoing statement shows, the Board's receipts from all
direct fishery sources — that is, from the sale of commercial fishing
licenses and fines for the violation of fish laws — amounts to only
$60,000.00 in round numbers for the biennial term. This amount is
entirely insufficient to maintain the fish work of the State on a proper
plane and can not properly be increased by diversions from the rev-
enues derived from game and hunting sources.

According to Dr. T. S. Palmer, assistant chief of the U. S. Biological
Survey, a Calif ornian and recognized by competent authorities as
being one of the foremost game conservationists of the world, this
State presents a problem that is not faced by the fish and game com-
missions of any other state. The problem is unusual and great, not
merely because of the great area and length of the State, with
attendant geographical and climatic variations, but because of the
numbers of species and extensive ranges of some of the most important
members.

54

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SEIZURES OF FISH, GAME AND ILLEGALLY USED FISHING APPARATUS.

July 1, 1910, to June 30, 1912.

1

San Francisco
district.

1

Sacramento
district.

Los Angeles
district.

!

Fresno
district.

Total.

Illegally used fishing
apparatus (nets and
lines)

47

146 lbs.

2,086 lbs.

671 lbs.

82

33

12 lbs.

162

Salmon

158 lbs.

Striped bass

355 lbs.

2,441 lbs.

Steelhead

671 lbs.

Black bass _ - _

20 lbs.
333 lbs.
100 lbs.

40 lbs.
135

139 lbs.

1,525 lbs.

16 lbs.

159 lbs.

Catfish

50 lbs.
525 lbs.

25 lbs.
1,774
586 lbs.

1,908 lbs.

Trout

641 lbs.

Crawfish _

10 lbs.

75 lbs.

Crabs

60

1,969

Dried shrimn

586 lbs.

Abalones

50

\ 16 sacks
[ 24i sacks*

( 64

"! 16 sacks

Clams

390

356 lbs.
502 lbs.

47

5,822

508

20
105
561

L 24Jsacks*
390

Misppllaneons flsh

20 lbs.
399 lbs.
3

3,500 lbs.
145 lbs.

3,876 lbs.

Deer meat _ _ _

130 lbs.

1,176 lbs.

Deei' hides

50

Ducks - _ - -

786
30

350

1

11

6,958

Quail - -

539

Doves

31

Plover, rail, snipe, etc.

Non-game birds

Pheasants

105

5

2 live

566

2 live

Trpp snnirrels

60 ■
583

60

Rabbits

9-

57

31

680

Illegally used fishing apparatus, after condemnation in superior
courts, is destroyed by the Board; all wholesome fish and game is
donated to public and charitable institutions, from whom many grateful
letters of acknowledgment have been received.

Note. — Complete and accurate record of seizures kept and reported only since
April, 1912.

*Sacks of shells.

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS. 55

RECAPITULATION.

Arrests —

Fish eases 748

Game cases 1,315

Total 2,063

Convictions —

Fish cases 505

Game cases 1,116

1,621

Acquittals and dismissals-
Fish eases 200

Game ea^es 193

393

Pending cases-
Fish cases ■ 43

Game eases 6

49

Total 2,063

Fines imposed—

Fish cases $12,725 00

Game cases 23,993 50

Total $36,718 50

Fines paid into courts —

Fish cases $11,415 00

Game cases 23,109 00

Total - $34,524 00

56

REPORT OF BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

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REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

57

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58

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

COMMERCIAL FISHING LICENSES ISSUED.

April 1, 1910. to March 31, 1911—

Alien $19,140 00

Citizen 4,455 00

Total $23,595 00

April 1, 1911, to March 31, 1912—

Name of district.

Alien.

Citizen.

Total.

Lower Sacramento

Upper Sacramento

Southern California coast. -

Bay district

Bay district

Tomales Bay district

Bay district

Bay district

Tahoe district

Monterey district

Humboldt district

Del Norte district

Bay district

San Joaquin district

Humboldt district

Humboldt district _.-

San Joaquin district

Upper Sacramento district-
All districts

$650 00
10 00

3,730 00
800 00
620 00
180 00

5,130 00

620 OO

10 00

1,180 00
260 00
520 OO
390 00
20 00
380 00

10 00

4,135 00

Totals $18,645 00

$462 50

287 50

1,117 50

67 50

45 00

110 00

377 50

20 00

237 50

132 50

102 50

375 00

12 50

15 00

457 50

7 50

7 50

12 50

1,052 50

$1,112 50

297 50

4,847 50

867 50

665 00

290 00

5,507 50

640 00

247 50

1,312 50

362 50

895 00

402 50

35 00

837 50

7 50

17 50

12 50

5,187 50

$4,902 50

$23,545 00

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

59

STATEMENT OF LION BOUNTIES PAID BY FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
FROM OCTOBER, 1907, TO JANUARY 1, 1913.

Counties.

1907.

1908.

1909.

1910.

1911.

1912.

Total.

1
3

11
1
3

10
7
1

13
113

1

Amador

--

4

12"

2

3

6

67

1

2
1
3
4
1
1
6
71

2
4

3"

11
8
__

42

2

3

1

1
11

9

4

4
50

1

9
10

1

--

1

17

8

Butte

2

27

Calaveras

7

Colusa

i

10

Del Norte

1

48

El Dorado

2

29

Fresno

9

Glenn - -

_

30

Humboldt -

10

353

invo

1

Kern

8
14

10
11
1
1
5
3
18

12
13
..

1
6

11
1
1
7
1
1
1
1
3

5
9
2
2

2'
16

44

Lake

2

59

Lassen

4

IjOs Ansreles

7

3

4

44

12

Madera

10

Mariposa - - -

2

5

18

Mendocino _

111

1

Modoe _

1
11

1

2

3

Monterey --

14

36

Napa --

3

1

1
1
4

.-

2
2
5
5

3

Oranffe

1
2

7
1
4
11
._

4

3

Placer

5
2
2
1
5
3
11

19

Plumas _ _

6

11

San Benito

1
1

5
9

1
7

2
2
8
4

17

San Bernardino

10

San Dieero

24

Kan T/Uis Obisno

33

Snn Mateo

1

7

24
4

3

5
1

46

Santa Clara

0

1
31

1

Shasta _ - -

1

25

1

31

32

29

28

3
25

4

--

22
15

5

4

2

146

Sierra

4

Siskivou _

1

35
2
2

45
4

25
1
1

162

11

Stanislaus _

3

1

Tehama -

3
9

31

86
6
6

1
1

19
34

8
10

6

25

32

11

5

4

10
22
4
2
6
2

110

198

Tulare

34

27

Ventura _ -

19

Yuba - . _ _

3

Totals

37"

482

361

333

233

275

1.721

60

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

STATE GAME FARM, HAYWARDS.
Distribution of game birds, 1911.

Pheasants.

Wild
Turkeys.

Partridges.

Quail.

Sold for breeding purposes

Given away for breeding and exhibition

purposes

Released

Eggs given away for breeding and exhibi-
tion purposes

200

88
100

358

33

155'

00

44

60

Date.

STATE GAME FARM, HAYWARDS.

Distribution of game birds, 1912.

Alameda County.

Applicant,

Address.

Pheasants.

Wild

Turkeys.

Quail.

1912.

Mar. 20
Mar. 21
Mar. 25
Mar. 25
Jan. 14
Jan. 15
Jan. 21
Feb. 4
Mar. 19
Apr. 20
May 7
May 7
May 17
May 24
June 7
Aug. 10
Sept. 16

Fish and Game Com

C. A. Kofoid

Fish and Game Com

Fish and Game Com

H. C. Cutting

Mrs. Mathiassen

Mr. Childs

H. C. Cutting

County Infirmary

Dr. Harvey Baker

Mrs. Millette

Mrs. Millette

E. K. Strowbridge

F. Russell

J. W. Marvin

C. J. Smith

C. L. Crellin

Livermore

U. C, Berkeley.

Sunol

Livermore

San Lorenzo __-
San Lorenzo .__

Oakland

San Lorenzo __-

Berkeley __.
Hayward _-
Hayward _.
Hayward _-
Alameda _.
Livermore .
Oakland -_.
Pleasanton

28^

1^

141

131

53

23
43

1^

12 eggs-
14 eggs^
50 eggs^
2^
50^

1^

De

1 Norte County.

Sept. 25

Paul Smith

Requa _ _ . ._

inoi .

Fresno County.

Feb. 22
Mar. 1
Sept. 2
Sept. 23

A. V. Lisenby

Fish and Game Com....

Fish and Game Com

Fish and Game Com

Fresno 3*

Sanger _^ I 40^

Sanger ' lOO^

Dunlap 60^

Humboldt County.

Aug. 24

Earl P. Barnes

Earl P. Barnes

! Eureka

Eureka

100^

Aug. 24

50^

Lassen County.

Sept. 4

Frank P. Cadv

Geo. Wingfield

Susanville

, Jamesville

100* '

Sept. 21

I

50*

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

61

STATE GAME FARM, HAYWARDS.

Distribution of Game Birds, 1912 — Continuefl.

Mendocino County.

Date.

Mar. 5
Sept. 13

Feb. 13
Aug. 20
Sept. 9

Applicant.

Address.

Pheasants.

Capt. Neilsen I Willits

B. H. Miller Ukiah .

3«
50^

Fish and Game Com 1 Tres Pinos ..

J. H. Hill Watsonville

J. Lee Jones Tres Pinos _.

lOQi

Wild

Tuikeys.

Quail.

Monterey County

May 24

Frank Shook

Phil Oyer

—

Salinas -- - _ -

2^

Aug. 12

Pnnifip Grnvfi

100^

1

Napa County.

Sept. 13
Sept. 18

W. J. Moore

Napa

St. Helena

50^
50^

John McCormick

Nevada County.

Feb 12

T. P. Hogan

Dr. I. W. Hays

Grftufi Vallfiv

2*

Sept. 18

Grass Valley __

30^

i

I

Placer County.

Sept. 5

Montgomery Godley

—

Lincoln

25»

Sacramento County.

Jan. 24

Fish and Game Com
Geo. G. Lacke

—

Folsom

2(F

Oct. 7

Walnut Grove __

30^

San Benito County.

251

50^

San Francisco County.

Mar. 18
Mar. 19
Sept. 18

U. S. Marine Hospital.

Golden Gate Park

Capt. C. A. Gove

San Francisco ..
San Francisco _.
Yerba Buena Isl,

2^
251

San Mateo County.

Jan. 22
Apr. 2

J. B. Leonard.
J. B. Leonard.

Menlo Park
Menlo Park

12^
1»

Santa Clara County.

Jan. 25
Feb. 12
Mar. 18

R. W. Withey.
P. S. Daniels-
R. W. Withey-

Los Gatos

Mountain View
Los Gatos

62

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

STATE GAME FARM, HAYWARDS.

Distribution of Game Birds, 1912 — Continued.

Santa Cruz County.

Jan. 23

Tuolumne County.

Fish and Game Com.

Tuolumne

Date.

Applicant.

Address.

Pheasants.

Wild
Turkeys.

Quail.

Aug. 13

Geo. Martin and
H. C. Peekham.

Watsonville

50^

Shasta County.

Oct. 4

B. C. McCray

Redding ..

32^ .

Solano County.

Aug. 27

John Hollenbeck ._

Ryer Island

100^

Sonoma County.

Feb. 5

Thompson Bros. ___
F. M. Child

Pfitalnma.

3«

Sept. 15

Cazadero

25^

Stanislaus County,

Aug. 14

Geo. Prowse

Oakdale

JS

Sutter County.

Feb. 15

Mrs. D. W. Chilson.

! Pleasant Grove

1*

Tehama County.

Jan. 17

C. C. Barrows

j
Cornine'

4*

5(F

Tulare County.

Sept. 2
Sept. 2
Sept. 2

Sept. 23

J. D. Blick

Tom Jacobs

Porterville Game Pro-
tective Association.

Deer Creek Pish and
Game Protective As-
sociation.

Totals —

Three Rivers

Visalia

Porterville _

Hot Springs _

501
25^

40^

1,398
76 eggs

368

^Released.

=^Given for experiment.

^Exchange for other birds.

*Sold.

REPORT OF BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

63

HATCHERIES.

Fish Distribution (Partial), Season 1911.

(Note. — Because of the loss of records during the absence from his office of
Superintendent W. H. Shebley in 1911, only a partial statement of that season's
distribution can be given.) (Secretary.)

Counties.

Black
bass.

Alameda

Amador

Butte

Calaveras

Contra Costa ._.

Colusa

EJ Dorado

Fresno

Inyo —

Kern

Lake

Lassen

Los Angeles

Marin

Mariposa

Mendocino

Modoc

Mono

Monterey

Napa

Nevada

Orange

Placer

Plumas

Riverside

Sacramento

San Benito

San Bernardino

San Diego

San Mateo

Santa Barbara .
Santa Clara —

Shasta

Sierra

Siskiyou

Solano

Sonoma

Tehama

Trinity

Tulare

Tuolumne

Ventura

Yuba

700

50

775

Rainbow
trout.

10,000
16,000
74,000
72,000

Eastern
brook trout.

18,000

Loch Leven
trout.

Black-
spotted
trout.

40,000
117,000
12,000
60,000
30,000
24,000
44,000
79,500

8,000
60,500

"37^000'

6,000
9,000

54,000

16,000

20,000

*1,130

48,000
42,000
46,000
52,000

108,000
15,000

174,100
75,000

20,000
36,000

35,500

36,000

43,000

6,000

4,000

50,000

14,000
38,000

61,000

113,000
40,500

*630

Totals

♦Adult.

3,285

36,000

540,000
18,000
32,000
36,000
64,000

331,000
16,000

174,000
10,000
20,000
96,000
22,000

100,000
78,000
33,000
12,000

2,810,600

2,000

6,000

17,500

4,000

20,000
18,000

497,500

95,000

50,500
126.000

1,636,305

Steelhead
trout.

758,446

;,000

35,500
10.000

335,000

4,000

12,800

250

24,000

607,550 i 2,729,751

345,000

;,000

;,ooo

6,000

68.000

65,000
'283;000

44,000
215,000

250,000
4,000

434,000

iiaooo

12,000

6,100

1,858,100

64

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.
Distribution of Loch Leven Trout.

. Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

B. Belden

3,000

Indian and Yellow creeks, Plumas County

May

H. 0. Chamberlain and

18,000

Homer Lake, Long Valley reservoir, and Wolf

May

others.

Creek, Plumas County.

W. C. Robinson

18,000

Bear, Buck, Mill, Big, Clear, Rock, Silver
and Grizzly creeks, Plumas Coimty.

May

M. H. Bernheim

12,000

Eureka, Grass, Jamison and Rock lakes and
Jamison Creek, Plumas County.

May

Portola Improvement As-

9,000

Willow, Humbug and Grizzly creeks, Plumas

May

sociation.

County.

Smith & Weil

6,000

Mill Creek and Three Lakes, Plumas County. -

May

Taylorsville Gun Club

12,000

Lights, Cooks, Indian and Grizzly creeks,
Plumas County.

May

Quincy Gun Club

18,000

Spanish, Rock, Mill, Clear, Greenhorn, Tay-

May

lor creeks and Middle Fork Feather River,

Plumas County.

C N. Johnston

12,000

Feather River and Smith Creek, Plumas
County.

May

G. r. Edwards

12,000
6,000

Tributaries of Feather River, Plumas County
Feather River, Sulphur and Willow creeks,
Plumas County.

May

A. Macliomich

May

r. M. Rutherford

15,000

Truckee River, Schaffer and Alder creeks,
Nevada County.

May

A'^ A Hawkins

18,000

12,000

.Shasta River, Siskiyou County

May

North T^^nrlf Qffmp T*ro-

Willow Orppk Placer Countv

May

tective Association.

T T ia^ yj T T V-/ 1 ^ \_ *» J -*_ 1 i.L v.. V. 4 ^_/ ^-^ *_* j.i *^4T ^■•— ^^^^^-.-^^••"^^^^^^

J. B. Knapp

6,000

Canyon Creek and North Fork American
River, Placer County.

June

Lake Tahoe Railway and

18,000

Blackwood Creek and Truckee River, Placer

June

Transportation Co.

County.

Nevada City Hunting and

21,000

Deer and Rock creeks and Woods Ravine,

June

Pishing Club.

Nevada County.

1. Y. Coggins

9,000

Dobkins Lake and North Fork Eddy Creek,
Siskiyou County.

June

E. Meybem

"Fi'pd Werner

12,000
12,000
30,000

Buttfi Creek Butte Countv - .

June

Sutter Creek. Amador Countv

June

City of Vallejo

Lake No. 2 and creek between Dam No. 1 and

June

Dam No. 2, Solano County.

Presno Division, Fish and

36,000

Tamarack, Maxwell, Log Cabin, Two Mile,

July

Game Commission.

Pingley and Red Can lakes, Tuolumne
County.

Geo. F. Conlin

12,000

South Fork Stanislaus River, Tuolumne
County.

July

R. B. Shaw and H. M.

24,000

North and Middle forks Tuolumne River,

July

De Ferrari.

Tuolumne County.

J. 0. Bigelow

D. E. Roberts

24,000
12,000

Basin Oreek Tuolumne Countv _

July

North Fork Stanislaus River and Beaver, San

July

Antone and O'Neal creeks, Calaveras County.

H. M. Freeman

36,000

Three Loch Leven lakes. Placer County

July

Miss Katherine Chandler..

12,000

Five Lakes and Bear and Squaw creeks. Placer
County.

July

Al Tahoe Company

6,000

Trout and Cold creeks. El Dorado County

July

H. E. Cagwin

9,000

Upper and Lower Echo lakes. El Dorado

July

County.

Santa Clara Fish and

24,000

Planted in the streams of Santa Clara County

July

Game Protective Asso-

ciation.

G F Edwards

18,000
6,000

Gold Lake, Plumas County

July

H. L. Beecroft

Grizzly Creek and Ice Lake, Plumas County. —

July

Frank P. Cady

7,500

Susan River and Silver and Caribou lakes,
Lassen County.

July

Geo. D. Campbell

L. H. Sisson

2,500
2,500

East Creek, Modoc County

July

South Fork Mill Creek, Modoc County

July

Ira Hansen

2,500

Parker Creek, Modoc County..

July

REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

65

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Loch Leven Trout — Continued.

Applicant.

Sisson Promotion Asso-
ciation.

Geo. Neale

Presno Division, Fish and
Game Commission.

W. P. Yaney

A. If. Stewart

Hall & McAfee

A. Davies

A. Papa

J. S. Cain

A. G. McFarland

Webber Lake Club

G. P. Zentgraff

J. M. Amick

G. S. Wilson — .

W. E. Tebbe

(Jeo. E. King

R. Colwell

Jas. Bryson

Glen Alpine Springs Com-
pany.

Mayo A. Greenlaw

W. W. Price -

Grass Valley Sportsmen's
Club.

Murphy Bros, and Mor-
gan.

Lawrence & Comstock...

Bert Berry

Shaver Lake Pishing Club
Deer Creek Pish and
Game Protective Asso-
ciation.
T. A. Chatten

W. A. Sperry :

Robert Belden

Euell Gray

Dr. C. S. Noble and

others.
A. D. Shepard

Pacific Gas and Electric

Company.
Yosemite Valley Railway

Company.
Major Wm. W. Forsyth.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
deliveiT.

July

18,000 SuUaway, Big Spring Creek and North Fork
of Sacramento River, Siskiyou County.

6,000 Battle Creek, Tehama Coimty July

36,000 Barren Lakes of High Sierra, Madera County ! July

9,000 Longley, Horton, Birch creeks and Middle and
South Forks of Bishop Creek, Inyo County.

3,000 Wyman and Crooked creeks, Inyo County

27,000 Baker, Big Pine, Little Pine, Birch and Tin-
nemaha creeks, Big Pine Lakes and Red
Moimtain Lakes, Inyo County.

9,000 Little Truckee River, Nevada County

18,000 South Yuba River, Placer County

6,000 I Walker River. Mono County

6,000 I South Fork Yuba River, Placer County

18,000 : Tributary to Webber Lake, Nevada Coimty...

12,000 Pilot and Bear creeks. El Dorado County

6,000 ! Mokelumne and Bear rivers and South Fork

Cosumnes River, Amador Coimty.
12,000 ' Indian, Reddings, Browns, East Weaver and
Rush creeks, Trinity County.

12,000 Island Lake, Siskiyou Coimty

15,000 Woodruth and Rock creeks and North, East
and South Forks Yuba River, Sierra County,
5,000 Rubicon River and Rock Bound Lake, El Do-
rado County.
12,500 Echo and Adrian lakes and American River,
El Dorado County.
6,000 Glen Alpine Creek and Grass, Susie and
Heather lakes. El Dorado County.

9,000 Echo Lake, El Dorado County.

15,000 [ Witches' Cave and Floating Island, Cathedral,
I Upper and Lower Angora lakes and Glen
I Alpine Creek, El Dorado County.
17,500 Chpper, Wolf, Rattlesnake, Dry, Squirrel,

Nigger and Slate creeks, Nevada County.
12,500 Bear, Hawk, Richardson and Granite lakes.

El Dorado County.
9,000 Floating Island and Angora lakes. El Dorado
County.

7,500 Poro Creek, Tulare County

35,000 Shaver Lake, Fresno County

5,000 North and South Deer creeks, Tulare County..

7,500 Eagle Creek, Kaweah Creek and Franklin

Lake, Tulare County.
5,000 Grizzly Creek and Clover Valley, Plumas
Coimty.

9,000 Entire shipment lost because of lack of care

15,000 Cody, Right, Doik, Blood, Succor, Echo and
Adrian lakes and American River, El Dorado
County.
5,000 Lopez, Arroyo Grande and Tar Spring creeks,
San Luis Obispo County.

20,000 Castle Lake, Siskiyou County

30,000 Lakes Spaulding and Fordyce, Placer County..

60,000 Merced River, Merced County

20,000 Merced River, Mariposa County

July

July
July

August
August
August
August
August
August
August

August

August
September

September

September

September

September
September

September

September

September

September
September
September

September

September

September
September

September

September
September

September

September-

5—2956

66

REPORT OF BOARD OP FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Loch Leven Tkout — Continued.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

Jas A. Vale

50,000

5,000
7,500
5,000

40,000
7,500
9,000

30,000
35,000

20,000

43,000

10,000

Lytle, Devoir, Cable, City, Plunge, Bear,
Mill, Salfrit, Creeley, Deep, Huston, Grass
Valley, Little Bear and Hook and Holcomb
creeks and Devil and Waterman canyons,
San Bernardino County.

Pauma Creek, San Diego County

October

B L Crise

October

Ed. Fletcher

W. C. Davidson ...

San Luis Rey River, San Diego Comity

Garcia River and Saunders Creek, Mendocino

County.
Cold Creek, Siskiyou County

October
October

Chas. Wright .— . -

October

Otas E. Pile

Butte Creek and Oris Lake, Siskiyou County. .
Back Fence, Kangaroo, Bull and Secret lakes,

Siskiyou County.
Wagon Creek, Siskiyou County - -

October

CM. Parker

Fred. Sullaway - -_ _

October
October

Fish and Game Commis-
sion.

Fish and Game Commis-
sion.

Fish and Game Commis-
sion.

Big Spring Creek at Rupps Lake, Siskiyou

County.
Headwaters Sacramento River, Siskiyou

County.
Sacramento River at Delta, Shasta County...

Held in hatchery ponds, Sisson.

October
October
October

Total

1,293,500

REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

67

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distriiution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Eastern Brook Trout.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

J. M. Little-.-.-

H. C. Chamberlain and

associates.
W. O. Robinson

G. O. Longhurst.
M. A. Bernheim..

Portola Improvement As-
sociation.
.Smith & Weil

Taylorsville Gun Club —

Quincy Gun Club

A. Machomich

Chas. Geisendorfer
W. J. McCleary

Samuel Mitchell

Boca Mill Company.
P. M. Rutherford—

W. P. Whittier.

North Fork Game Pro-
tective Association.

J. F. Geisendorfer

J. B. Knapp

H. M. Freeman

A. S. Nichols

Lake Tahoe Railway and
Transportation Co.

Grover Russi

North Pork Game Pro-
tective Association.
Nevada City Hunting and
Fishing Club.

C. P. Hensel

E. Meybem

■Ocean Shore Railroad
Company.

Chas. H. Glenn

Phil T. Laugenour

H. H. Zimmerman

Mrs. Geo. Parley, Jr

B. G. Dichman

Sierra and San Francisco

Power Company.
Geo. P. Conlin-

G. W. Vestal-

V\'.- M. McCleary-

W. .J. Hall

H. Wilkie

Miss Katherine Chandler.

6,000
18,000

18,000

6,000
12,000

9,000

6,000
12,000

12,000

6,000

6,000
9,000

6,000
10,000
20,000

12,000

12,000

6,000
18,000

24,000
12,000
24,000

18,000
18,000

39,000

12,000

12,000

6,000

18,000

18,000
12,000
18,000
12,000

18,0U0

12,000
9,000

9,000

6,000
12,000
12,000

Month of
delivery.

Rich Gulch and Rush Creek, Plumas County-.
Homer Lake, Long Valley reservoir and Wolf

Creek, Plumas County.
Bear, Buck, Mill, Big, Clear, Rock, Silver

and Grizzly creeks, Plumas County.

Poplar and Miller creeks, Plumas County

Eureka, Grass, Jamison and Rock lakes and

Jamison Creek, Plumas County.
Willow, Humbug and Grizzly creeks, Plumas

County.
Mill Creek and Three Lakes, Plumas County-
Lights, Cooks, Indian and Grizzly creeks,

Plumas County.
Spanish, Rock, Mill, Clear, Greenhorn and

Taylor creeks and Middle Fork Feather

River, Plimias County.
Feather River, Sulphur and Willow creeks,

Plumas County.

Catfish Creek, Placer County

Combs Ravine and Bunch Canyon, Placer

County.
Bear River and Canyon Creek, Placer County

Little Truckee River, Nevada County

Truekee River, SchafTer and Alder creeks, Ne-
vada County.
Warmeastle Canyon, Squaw and Snell creeks,

Siskiyou County.
Gass Canyon Creek and Dry Creek, Placer

County.
Headwaters of Wooley Creek, Placer County
Canyon Creek and North Fork American

River, Placer County.

South Yuba River, Placer County

Feather River, Sierra County

Blackwood Creek and Truckee River, Placer

County.

Prosser Creek, Nevada Cotmty

North and Middle Porks American River, Owl

and Grass Canyon creeks, Placer County.
Deer, Rock, Little Deer creeks and Woods

Ravine, Nevada County.

North Pork Elder Creek, Tehama Coimty

Butte Creek, Butte County

Pedro, Tunitas, Frenchman, Higgins, Lo-

bitos and Purissima creeks, San Mateo

County.
Mill Creek and South, Middle and North

Porks Stony Creek, Colusa County.

Cache and AUen creeks, Yolo County

Mill Creek, Tehama County

Kelsey Creek, Lake County

Clear Creek, Napa County

Indian and Clarks creeks and Middle Pork

Stanislaus River, Tuolumne County.
South Fork Stanislaus River, Tuolumne

County.
South Fork Cottonwood Creek, Tehama

County.

Shirttail Canyon, Placer County

Bear River, Placer County

Prosser Creek, Nevada County

Five Lakes, Bear and Squaw creeks. Placer

County.

May
May

May

May
May

May

May
May

May

May

June
June

June
June
June

June

June

June
June

June
June
June

June
June

June

June
June
June

June

June
June
June
June
July

July

July

July
July
July
July

68

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SISSON HATCHERY.

FisJi Distribution, Season 1912.

DiSTRiBUTiox OF EASTERN Brook Trout — Continued.

Applicant.

Number.

Glen Alpine Springs
Company.

XI Tahoe Company

Mrs. G. W. Kenney

Lawrence & Comstock...

Tahoe "Vista Investment

Company.
H. E. Cagwin

Santa Clara County Tish
and Game Protective
Association.

Frank P. Cady -

F. D. Hall

Wm. E. Vincent

Chas. W. Williams

Geo. D. Campbell

L. H. Sisson

E. E. Archer

I. Lauer

Sisson Promotion Asso-
ciation.

Geo. Neale

W. P. Yaney

A. L. Stewart

Hall & McAfee

Harry Shaw

R. G. Buchanan

J. S. Cain

North Fork Association..

A. G. McFarland

Webber Lake Club

J. E. Powell

C. W. Rickey

G. P. Zentgrafl

Jas. Bryson

Grass Valley Sportsmen's

Club.
A. D. Ferguson

Deer Creek Fish and
Game Protective Asso-
ciation.

W. A. Sperry

Tosemite Valley Railroad

Company.
Major Wm. W. Forsyth.
W. C. Davidson

Chas. Wright

Total

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

9,000 Susie Lake, El Dorado County t July

6,000 j Trout and Cold creeks. El Dorado County.

6,000
18,000

9,000

9,000

36,000

7,500

5,000
2,500
2,500
2,500
2,500
5,000
2,500
15,000

6,000
18,000

9,000
30,000

12,000
3,000
6,000
9,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
7,500

20,000

30,000

5,000

5,000

July

Independence Lake, Nevada County July

Small lakes and streams near Tallac, El Do- ! July

rado County. I

Griff Creek, Placer County i July

i
Upper and Lower Echo lakes. El Dorado [ July

Coimty.
Distributed in streams of Santa Clara County | July

Susan River, Silver and Caribou lakes, Lassen

Coimty.

Willow Creek Lassen County

Secret Creek, Lassen County

Parker Creek, Modoc County

East Creek, Modoc County

South Fork Mill Creek, Modoc County

Shealds Creek, Modoc County

Pine Creek, Modoc County

SuUaway, Big Spring creeks and North Fork

Sacramento River, Siskiyou County.

Battle Creek, Tehama County

Longley, Horton and Birch creeks and Middle

and South Forks Bishop creek, Inyo County.

Wyman and Crooked creeks, Inyo County

Baker, Big Pine, Little Pine, Birch, Tinne-

maha creeks. Big Pine Lakes and Red

Mountain Lakes, Inyo County.

Dexter Creek, Inyo County

Walker River, Mono Coimty

Walker River, Mono County

North Fork American River, Placer County..-

South Fork Yuba River, Placer County

Tributary of Webber Lake, Nevada County..
Walker River and Lost Canyon, Mono County
Walker River and Big Slough, Mono County..

Pilot and Bear creeks. El Dorado County

Echo and Adrian lakes and American River,

El Dorado County.
Clipper, Wolf, Rattlesnake, Dry, Squirrel,

Nigger and Slate creeks, Nevada County.
Six unnamed lakes in High Sierras of Fresno

County.
North and South Deer creeks, Tulare County

Grizzly Creek and Clover Valley creek, Plumas
County.
10,000 I Merced River, Mariposa County

10,000 I Merced River, Mariposa County

5,000 I Garcia River and Saimders Creek, Mendocino

County.
10,000 Cold Creek, Siskiyou Coimty

17,500 ! Held in hatchery ponds, Sisson.

906,000

July

July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July

July
July

July
July

July

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

August

September

September
October

October

REPORT OP BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS,

69

SISSON HATCHERY.
Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

DiSTKIBUTION OF RAINBOW TrOUT.

Month of

Applicant.

Xumber.

Waters stocked.

delivery.

J McCllLQff

12,000
30,000

Berrv Creek, Plumas County

May

K. E. Gerry

North Pork Feather River, Plumas County.--

May

R. Belden

6,000

Indian and Yellow creeks, Plumas County

May

J. M. Little

6,000

Rich Gulch and Rush Creek, Plumas County. _

May

-T O, Dnnnpllv

3 000

rTri77lv Creek Plumas Countv

May

H. 0. Chamberlain and

24,000

Homer Lake, Long Valley reservoir and Wolf

May

associates.

Creek, Pluma.s County.

W. 0. Robinson and

51,000

Bear, Birch, Mill, Big, Clear, Rock, Silver

May

others.

and Grizzly creeks, Plumas County.

G. C. Longhurst

6,000

Poplar and Miller creeks, Plumas County

May

M. H. Bernheim

12,000

Eureka, Grass, Jamison and Rock lakes and
Jamison Creek, Plumas County.

May

Portola Improvement As-

12,000

Willow, Humbug and Grizzly creeks, Plumas

May

sociation.

Comity.

R. Van der Naillen

9,000

Yellow and Butte creeks, Plumas County

May

Smith & Weil

18,000

Mill Creek and Three Lakes, Plumas County-

May

Taylorsville Gun Club

24,000

Lights, Cooks, Indian and Grizzly creeks,
Plumas County.

May

(t TT OoofJhnA

30,000
54,000

Tnrlifln Oreek Plumas Countv -_ _-

May

Quincy Gun Club

Spanish, Rush, Mill, Clear, Greenhorn and

May

Taylor creeks, and Middle Fork Feather

River, Plumas County.

T A Church

12,000
12,000

Long Valley Creek, Plumas County

May

C N. Johnson .

Feather River and Smith Creek, Plumas
Coimty.

May

A. Maehomich

18,000

Feather River, Sulphur and Willow creeks,
Plumas Coimty.

May

Wm. Galleppl estate

12,000

Last Chance Valley creeks, Plumas Coimty

May

Chas. Geisendorfer

6,000

Catfish Creek, Placer County

June

W. J. McCleary

6,000

Bunch Canyon and Combs Ravine, Placer

June

County.

Samuel Mitchell . _

9,000
68,500
10,000

Bear River and Canyon Creek, Placer County

June

Boca Mill Company

F. M. Rutherford

June

Truckee River, Schaffer and Alder creeks,

June

Nevada County.

Sierra Nevada Wood and
Lumber Company.

40,000

Prnc?<?pr Oreek Nevada Countv _ _-

June

S McKav

25,000
35,000
24,000

Donner Creek, Nevada County --

June

G P. Kelly

Truckee River and tributaries, Nevada County
Warmeastle Canyon, Squaw Creek and Snell
Creek, Siskiyou County.

June

W. F Whittier _.

June

McCloud River Railroad—
W I Bray

60,000
30,000
30,000

MeCloud River Siskivou Countv - -

June

Antelope Creek, Siskiyou County -- -

June

Siskiyou County Electric
Light and Power Com-

Pall Creek Siskivou Countv --

June

pany.

Z. Abrams

Geo. Dennis

18,000
60,000

Abrams Lake. Siskivou Countv

June

Big Springs, Siskiyou County

June

H. R. Hanley

18,000

Squaw Creek, Shasta County

June

North Pork Game Pro-

12,000

Grass Canyon and Dry creeks, Placer County

June

tective Association.

Clark & Branson

30,000

French, Payne's, Etna and Patterson creeks
Siskiyou County.

June

J. P. Geisendorfer

6,000

Headwaters Wooley Creek, Placer County

June

Dr. W. M. Tryon

J. B. Knapp--- —

6,000
6,000

Green Vallev Creek. Placer Countv - --

Jime

Canyon Creek and North Fork American

June

River, Placer County.

TT M FrpPTiTflTi

42,000
24,000
48,000

South Yuba River Placer Countv -

June

A S Nichols

Feather River, Sierra County - -

June

Lake Tahoe Railway and

Blackwood Creek and Truckee River, Placer

June

Transportation Co.

Coimty.

Harmon Bell

36,000
30,000

Sweetbriar Creek, Shasta County — -

June

Battle Creek, Shasta County --

June

18,000
60,000

Mud Creek, Butte County - - -

June

Nevada City Hunting and

Deer, Rock, Little Deer and Woods ravine

June

Pishing Club.

creeks, Nevada County.

70

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distnbution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Rainbow Trout — Continued.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

F. G. Brown

Meek Mercantile Com-
pany.
L. Y. Coggins

E. C. Lloyd

H. H. Hudson

California Fish and
Game Commission.

Kennett Athletic Club

C. L. Watson

J. H. Bradley

E. Meybem

A. C. Musselman

24,000 I Oregon Creek, Sierra County June

36,000 Oregon Creek, Yuba County ! June

W. J. Whittier.

B. F. Kaufman.
P. H. Dunbar- -
Clay Buchanan .

Elizabeth G. Stevenson...

Santa Clara Co. Fish and
Game Protective Asso-
ciation.

J. H. Livermore

Ocean Shore Railroad
Company.

J. Boshofl

J. A. Owen

Chas. H. Glenn.

Phil. T. Laugenour

Bartlett Springs Com-
pany.
Alameda County Fish
and Game Protective
Association.

21,000

3ti,000

30,000

300,000

15,000
30,000
. 18,000
24,000
18,000

60,000

36,000

30,000

36,000

12,000
30,000

0,000
45,000

60,000

24,000

30,000

42,000
30,000

12,000

Dobkins Lake and North Fork Eddy Creek, June
Siskiyou County.

Parks Creek, Siskiyou Covmty i June

Little Shasta River, Siskiyou County \ June

Klamath River, Siskiyou County i June

Earle Downing

12,000

Earle Downing _ ._

12,000

Earle Downing .

36,000

Earle Downing

24,000

H. H. Zimmerman

Fred Werner .. .. ..

12,000
18,000
12,000

Geo. F. Zentgraff

M. A. Miller

12,000

W. R. Stearns. .

15,000
30,000

City of Vallejo .

Mrs. G€0. Farley, Jr

John P. Orr

Joshua Spires . . . .

6,000

9,000

24,000

Wm. West and D. S.
Keyser.

72,000

Big Backbone Creek, Shasta County.

Clear Creek, Shasta County

Antelope Creek, Tehama County

Butte Creek, Butte County

Little Butte and Mosquito creeks, Butte

County.
West branch of North Fork Feather River,

Butte County.
Little West branch North Fork of Feather

River, Butte County.
Big Nimshew and west branch Feather River

Butte County.
Little Nimshew, Big Nimshew and Last Chance

creeks, Butte County.

Butte Creek, Butte County

Sweijert, Almaden, Guadalupe, Penetentia

and Saratoga creeks, Santa Clara County.

Bear Gulch Creek, San Mateo County

Pedro, Timitas, Frenchman and Higgins, Lo-

bitas, and Purissima creeks, San Mateo

County.
Pescadero, Butano and Gazos creeks, San

Mateo County.
South Fork Cottonwood Creek, Tehama

County.
Mill Creek and South, Middle and North

Forks of Stony Creek, Colusa County.

Cache and AUen creeks, Yolo Cotinty

Cache, Bartlett, Mill and Twin Valley creeks,

Lake County.
Trout Creek, Alameda County

Stony Brook and Alameda Creek, Alameda

County.
Tributaries of Valpe and Arroyo Valle, Ala-
meda County.
La Costa, Indian, Alameda, Bear and Apper-

son creeks, Alameda County.
San Lorenzo, Bolinas and Palomar creeks,

Alameda County.

Mill Creek, Tehama County

Sutter Creek, Amador County

South Fork American River, El Dorado

County.
South Fork American River, El Dorado

County.

Sonoma Creek, Sonoma Coimty

Lake No. 2 and in creek between Dam No. 1

and Dam No. 2, Solano County.

Kelsey Creek, Lake County.

Soscol Creek, Napa County

Mario, Spiguet and Big Canyon creeks, Lake

County.
Milliken Creek, Napa County

Jvme
June
June
Jtme
June

June

June

June

June

Jime
June

June
Jvme

June

June

Jtme

June
June

June

June

June

June

June

July
July
July

July

July
July

July
July
July

July

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

71

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

DiSTBiBUTiON OF RAINBOW Trout — Continued.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

B. G. Dichman

Sierra and San Francisco

Power Company.
Geo. F. Conlin

R. B. Shaw and H. M.

De Ferrari.
J. O. Bigelow

D. E. Roberts

F. L. Dimoek

G. W. Vestal

S. V. Baron

E. W. Elfendalil

Dr. Wm. Tryon

W. J. HaU

W. C. Murdoch

Miss Katlierine Chandler. _

Glen Alpine Springs
Company.

Al Tahoe Company

Mrs. G. W. Kenney.

Lawrence & Comstoek

Tahoe Vista Investment

Company.
H. E. Cagwin

Santa Clara County Fish
and Game Protective
Association.

John L. D. Roberts

Dan McCloskey _

H. G. Porter

H. L. Beecroft--
Frank P. Cady-

F. D. Hall

Wm. E. Vincent

Dr. C. M. Tinsman_
Chas. W. Williams..
Geo. D. Campbell...

ly. H. Sisson

Wm. W. Ahl

E. E. Auble

I. Lauer

C. W. WiUiams

W. L. Leland

S. F. Ballard..

Ira Hansen

H. O. Wickes__
A. F. St oner..
W. A. Wirth...
Hall & McAfee.

Sisson Promotion Asso-
ciation.

Geo. Neale

W. B. Engle —

9,000
42,000

36,000

24,000

24,000
36,000

36,000
9,000

24,000
30,000
6,000
12,000
21,000
12,000

15,000

12,000

18,000

6,000

9,000

12,000

114,000

72,000

18,000

27,000

6,000

15,000

5,000
7,500

15,000
7,500
5,000
5,000

10,000

10,000
7,500

25,000
7,500

10,000
7,500
36,000
24,000
45,000
21,000

75,000

12,000
39,000

Clear Creek, Napa County ..-' July

Indian and Clarks creeks and Middle Fork July

Stanisalus River, Tuolumne County.
South Fork Stanislaus River, Tuolumne July

Cotmty.
South and Middle Forks Tuolumne River, July

Tuolumne County.

Basin Creek, Tuolumne County July

North Fork Stanislaus River, Beaver, San July

Antone and O'Neal creeks, Calaveras

County.

Sacramento River, Shasta Cotmty July

South Fork Cottonwood Greek, Tehama July

County.

Mill Creek, Tehama County July

Slate Creek, Shasta County July

Green Valley Creek, Placer County July

Bear River, Placer Coimty July

Tributary of Webber Lake, Sierra County July

Five Lakes, Bear and Squaw creeks. Placer July

County.
Susie Lake, El Dorado County ; July

Trout and Cole creeks, El Dorado County ! July

Independence Lake, Nevada Coimty \ July

Small lakes and streams near Tallac, El Do- | July

rado County.
Griff Creek, Placer County 1 July

Upper and Lower Echo lakes, El Dorado \ July

County.
Planted in the streams of Santa Clara County j July

The moimtain and coast streams of Monterey

County.
Dos Picachos, Bird and Los Muertos creeks,

San Benito County.

North Fork Feather River, Plumas County

Grizzly Creek, Ice Lake, Plumas County

Susan River and Silver and Caribou lakes,

Lassen County.

Willow Creek, Lassen County

Secret Creek, Lassen Covinty

Ash Creek, Modoc County

Parker Creek, Modoc County

East Creek, Modoc County

South Fork Mill Creek, Modoc Coimty

Pitzhugh Creek, Modoc Oormty

Fitzhugh Creek, Modoc County

Pine Creek, Modoc County

South Fork Pitt River, Modoc Cormty

Antelope, Bottle and Willow creeks, Modoc

County.

Thomas Creek, Modoc Coimty

Parker Creek, Modoc County...

Sacramento River, Shasta County

Tejon Creek, Kern County

North Fork Kern River, Kern County. —

Baker, Big Pine, Little Pine, Birch and Tin-

nemaha creeks. Big Pine Lake and Red

Mountain lakes, Inyo County.
SuUaway and Big Spring creeks, and North

Pork Sacramento River, Siskiyou Coimty.

Battle Creek, Tehama County

Shepherds Creek, Inyo County

July

July

July
July
July

July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July

July
July
July
July
July
July

July

July
July

72

REPORT OF BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribittion, Heason 1912.

DisTKiBUTiON or RAINBOW Tkout — Continued.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Mouth of
delivery.

Mrs. M. A. Bruley

A. Davies ^-

R. G. Buchanan

J. S. Cain

North Fork Association.

A. G. McFarland

Webber Lake Club

J. E. Powell

C. W. Rickey

Euel! Gray

J. M. Aiiiick.
C. S. Wilson.

J. W. Metcalf

F. 0. Branstetter.
D. E. Roberts

I. O. Jillson.

California Door Com-
pany.

James Dodds

Geo. E. King

R. Colwell

Glen Alpine Springs Com-
pany.

Mayo A. Greenlaw

W. W. Price

Grass Valley Sportsmen's

Club.
Lawrence & Comstock

Bert Berry —

Widgeon Gun Club

John Fitzpatrick

Porterville Fish and Game
Protective Association.
Deer Creek Fish and
Game Protective Asso-
ciation.
T. A. Chatten

H. G. McCaughey.

O. G. Bolsdorflf

W. A. Sperry

Con Roman

W. A. Jinkerson.

E. A. Pearce

Monterey Fish and Game
Protective Association.

S. E. Whitcher

J. H. Hollister

18,000 j Sacramento River, Shasta County

9,000 Little Truckee River, Nevada County

6,000 Walker River, Mono Coimty

12,000 W'alker River, Mono County

24,000 North Fork American River, Placer Coimty—

12,000 South Fork Yuba River, Placer County

12,000 Tributary Webber Lake, Nevada County

6,000 Walker River and Lost Canyon, Mono County
6,000 Walker River and Big Slough, Mono County.

72,000 Silver, Sly, Park and Alder creeks, Ogilvie
Canyon and American River, El Dorado
County.

18,000 Mokelumne and Bear rivers and South Fork
I Cosumnes, Amador County.

18,000 ' Indian, Reddings, Browns, East Weaver and
Rush creeks, Trinity County.

60,000 j Sacramento River, Shasta County

36,000 I Sacramento River, Siskiyou County

30,000 i Middle Fork Calaveras River, Calaveras
i County.

2i,000 \ Crystal, Willow and Clear creeks and Klines
i Gulch, Shasta County.

15,000 I North and Middle Forks Cosumnes River,
Steeley Fork, Middle, McKinney's, Dog Town
and Cut creeks. El Dorado County.

18,000 El Dorado, Black, Secret and Humbug can-
yons. Placer Coimty.

15,000 Woodruth and Rock creeks and North, East
and South Forks of North Yuba River,
Sierra County.

12,000 Rubicon River and Rock Bound Lake, El Do-
rado County.

15,000 Glen Alpine Creek and Grass, Susie and

Heather lakes, El Dorado County.
9,000 Echo Lake, El Dorado County •.

12,000 Witches Cave and Floating Island, Cathedral,
Upper and Lower Angora lakes and Glen
Alpine Greek, El Dorado County.

60,000 Clipper, Wolf, Rattlesnake, Dry, Squirrel,
Nigger and Slate creeks, Nevada County.
9,000 Floating Island and Angora lakes. El Dorado

Coimty.
9,000 Poro Creek, Tulare County

42,000 Kaweah River, Tulare County

18,000 San Benito Creek, Fresno County

72,000 Redwood, Kessing, Belnap, Boulder and Mc-
Intyre creeks, Tulare County.

24,000 North and South Deer creeks, Tulare County..

27,000 Eagle Creek, East Fork Kaweah and Franklin
lakes, Tulare County.

24,000 Salmon Creek, Sonoma County

27,000 Russian River, Sonoma County

18,000 Grizzly Creek and Clover Valley, Plumas

County.
6,000 Cheda Creek, Marin County

30,000 North, Middle and South Forks Cosumnes

River, El Dorado County.
9,000 San Juan Canyon Creek, San Benito County.
30,000 Rocky, Mill, Miller, Garapatas and Cocaga-

hua creeks, Monterey County.

24,000 Arroyo Seco, Monterey County

60,000 Upper San Luis, Torro, Marro, San Luisito,

Charro, Corral de Piedra, See Canyon,

Coon and Welsh creeks, San Luis Obispo

County.

August
August
August
August
August
August
August
August
August
August

August

August

August
August
August

August

August

August
August

August

August

August
August

August

August

September
September
September
September

September

September

September
September
September

September
September

September
September

September
September

REPORT OP BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

73

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Rainbow Trout — Continued.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

Dr. C. S. Noble and

others.
H. J. Abels

H. J. Doulton... .

24,000

15,000

30,000

9,OC0

96,000

24,000
78,000
24,000
21,000

18,000

24,000
12,000

45,000
120,000

12,000
15,000

105,000
12,000
12,000
21,000

6,000
15,000

18,000
12,000
24,000

9,000

9,000

9,000

18,000

50,000
18,000
30,000
24,000
12,000
30,000

75,000

24,000
214,670

78,000

30,000
50,000
25,000
75,000

Lopez, Arroyo Grande and Tar Spring creeks,
San Luis Obispo County.

Sisquoc and Manzana rivers and Birabut
creek, Santa Barbara County.

Santa Ynez River and tributaries, Santa Bar-
bara County.

Rincon, Gilis and Bloodo creeks, Santa Bar-
bara County.

Coyote Creek, Ventura River and North Fork
San Antonio Creek, Ventura Comity.

Trinity River, Trinity County

September
September
September

H. S. Deaderifk-_

September

Jas. Rasniussen and Sim

Myers.
C. E. Carr . . . .

September
October

Yosemite Valley Railroad

Merced River, Merced County

October

Major Wm. W. Forsyth.
W. M. Avis - - --

Merced River, Mariposa County

San Dimas, Wolfskill and Palmer canyons and
Recreation Run, Los Angeles County.

Bear and Ice House canyons and San .4ntonio
River, Los Angeles County.

Malibu Creek, Los Angeles County. ..

October
October

W. J. Sanborn

October

E D Silent

October

Geo. E. Little

Rio Hondo and San Jose creeks, Los Angeles
County.

San Antonio Creek, Los Angeles County

Lytle, Devoir, Cable, City, Plunge, Bear,
Mill, Salfrit, Creeley, Huston, Grass Valley,
Little Bear, Hook, Deep, and Holcomb
creeks and Devil and Waterman canyons,
San Bernardino County.

Strawberry Creek, Riverside County .. .

October

W. G. Kerckhofl

October

Jas. A. Vale

October

Stroner & Dickenson

October

John Shaver

South and North Forks San Jacinto River,
Riverside County.

San Gabriel River, Los Angeles County —

Big Tejunga Creek, Los Angeles County

Ouminings Greek, Kern Gnimty

October

H. W. O'Melveney

Will E. Chapin

Albert Gnmmings

October
October
October

Webb Toms

Santa Isabel, Cedar, Cottonwood and
Boulder creeks, San Diego County.

Whitewater Creek, San Bernardino County

San Juan, Mission, Viejo and San Juan Hot
Springs creeks. Orange County.

Pauma Creek, San Diego County...

Topango Creek, Los Angeles County

October

Jas. A. Vale

F. A. Forster—

B. L. Crise . ..

October
October

October

H I. Pritehard

October

W. K. Robinson .-

Tobacco, Santiago and Silverado creeks.
Orange County.

Cold Water Canyon, Riverside County

Malibu Canyon, Riverside County

October

A. Stacy —

October

E. B. Collier

October

Ed. Fletcher

W. 0. Davidson

Chas. Wright

San Luis Rey River, San Diego County

Garcia River and Saunders Creek, Mendocino

County.
Cold Creek, Siskiyou County .

October
October

October

Otas E. Pile

A. D. Shepard

Forest Service

J. N. Dobkins

Fish and Game Commis-
sion.
Fish and Game Commis-

Butte Creek and Oris Lake, Siskiyou County..

Soda Creek, Shasta County

Pilgrim Creek, Siskiyou Coxmty.. _

Shasta River, Siskiyou County

Big Spring Creek, at Rupps Lake, Siskiyou

County.
Sacramento River, Siskiyou County.. .

October
October
October
October
October

October

sion.
W. W. Morgan

Antelope Creek, Tehama County

October

Fish and Game Commis-

Klamath River, Siskiyou County ..

October

sion.
Fish and Game Commis-

Sacramento River, Shasta County ..

October

sion.
L. W. Fouquier.. .

Shasta River, Siskiyou County .. ..

October

In Klinks Lake, for Sisson Hatchery.

In ponds at Sisson Hatchery.

In Sisson Lake, for Sisson Hatchery.

Total — .— - -

5,950,670

74

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Disirihuiion, Season 1912.

Distribution of Steelhead Trout (Salmo gairdneri).

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

North Fork Game Pro-
tective Association.

Ocean Shore Railroad
Company.

Joseph B. Fleming

60,000
102,000

18,000
30,000

18,000
12,000

18,000
12,000

9,000

9,000

9,000

12,000

18,000

9,000
25,000

North and Middle Forks American River, Owl
Creek and Gas Canyon Creek, Placer County.

Pedro, Tunitas, Frenchman and Higgins, Lo-
bitas and Purissima creeks, San Mateo
County.

San Pedro Creek, San Mateo County .-

June
June

June

J. Boshoff - - -

Pescadero, Butano and Gazos creeks, San

Mateo County.
Mocho Creek, Alameda Comity

June

Earle Downing _.. _

June

Geo. F. Zentgraflf..

South Fork American River, El Dorado

County.
San Leandro and Ivy creeks, Alameda County
South Fork American River, El Dorado

County.
Sonoma Creek, Sonoma County.

July

Earle Downing

Jime

M. A. Miller.-

June

W. R. Stearns ._.

Jime

John P. Orr

Soscol Creek. Nana Countv

June

B. G. Dichman .

Clear Creek, Napa County .

June

Santa Clara County Fish
and Game Protective
Association.

Dan McCloskey .. ._

Distributed in streams of Santa Clara County

Dos Picachos, Bird Creek and Los Muertos,

San Benito County.
Russian River, Sonoma County

June

June

C. G. Bolsdorff ..

September

Fish and Game Commis-
sion.

Big Spring Creek at Rupps Lake, Siskiyou
County.

October

Total _

361,000

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distrihution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Large Lake Trout {Salmo m. tahoensis).

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
deliveiT.

Nevada, California and
Oregon Railway.

A. D. Shepard

G. A. Caswell

Z. Abrams

Total.

15,000

15,000

24,000
30,000

84,000

Goose Lake, Modoc County

Castle Lake, Siskiyou County..
Medicine Lake, Siskiyou County
Abrams Lake, Siskiyou County.

July

September
September
October

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

io

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Black-spotted Tkout (Salmo in. henshawii).

Applicant.

Number.

H. L. Beecroft- — .

J. N. Durney

Percy Lovejoy

Euell Gray

A. D. Shepard

Z. Abrams

Otas E. Pile...

C. M. Parker

Pred SuUaway

Pish and Game Commis-
sion.

B. L. Crise—

Total

6,000

15,000

15,000

120,000

60,000

20,000

7,500

9,000

30,000
20,000

6,000
10,000

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

318,500

Grizzly Creek and Ice Lake, Plumas County—.

Mt. Eddy Lake, Siskiyou County

Mt. Eddy Lake, Siskiyou County

Cody, Right, Dark, Blood, Echo, Succor and

Andrian lakes and American River, El Dorado

County.

Castle Lake, Siskiyou County

Abrams Lake, Siskiyou County

Butte Creek and Oris Lake, Siskiyou County..
Back Fence, Kangaroo, Bull and Secret lakes,

Siskiyou County.

Wagon Creek, Siskiyou County

Big Spring Creek at Rupps Lake, Siskiyou

County.

Pauma Creek, San Diego County

Held in hatchery ponds, Sisson.

July
July
July
September

September
September
October
October

October
October

October

SISSON HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Quinnat Salmon.

Date.

Waters stocked.

Number.

February

23

April

2

April

4

April

4

April 18-30

April

6

April

8

April

9

AprU

9

April

11

April

15

April

23

May

1

May

1

May

16

May

17

Cold Creek, Siskiyou County

Klamath River at Hornbrook, Siskiyou County

Sacramento River at Dunsmuir, Siskiyou County

Sent to Sacramento to be marked, Sacramento County

Cold and Sullaway creeks, Siskiyou County

Flume Creek, tributary to Sacramento River, Shasta Coimty.

Sacramento River at Lamoine, Shasta County

Sacramento River at Delta, Shasta County

Cold and Sullaway creeks, Siskiyou County

Sacramento River at Delta, Shasta County

Cold Creek, tributary to Sacramento River, Siskiyou County-
Sacramento River at Delta, Shasta County

Cold Creek, tributary to Sacramento River, Siskiyou' County-
Cold Creek, tributary to Sacramento River, Siskiyou County-

Sisson Lake, Siskiyou County

Sisson Lake, Siskiyou County

Total

357,700
350,000
350,000

50,000
912,665
350,000
350,000
350,000
603,735
350,000
334,855
350,000

87,900
294,075
287,650
763,975

6,142,555

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

TAHOE HATCHERIES.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

DiSTBiBUTiON OF Black-spotted Tkout {Salmo m. hcnsliawii) .

Date.

Waters stocked.

Number.

30

4

7

17

28
29

July
August
August
August
August
August
September 5
September 12
September 13
September 13
September 13
September 14
September 15
September 15
September 18
September 18
September 18
September 19
September 19
September 22
September 23
September 26
September 27
October 1
October 7

Truckee River, Placer Coimty

Ward Creek, Placer County

Slim Jim Creek, Placer County

Griffin Creek, Placer County-—;

Truckee River, Placer Coimty

Independence Lake, Sierra County

Ward Creek, Placer Coimty

Richardson Lake, El Dorado County

Summit Lake, Nevada County

Lake Stirling, Nevada County

Truckee River, Placer County

Donner Lake, Nevada County

Donner Lake, Nevada County

Burton Creek, El Dorado Coimty

Rubicon River, El Dorado Coimty

Richardson Lake, El Dorado County

Webber Lake, Sierra County

Webber Lake, Sierra County

Donner Lake, Nevada County

Blackwood Creek, Placer County

Blackwood Creek, Placer County

Blackwood Creek, Placer County

Ward Creek, Placer County

Rock Bound Lakes, El Dorado County-
Experimental work in Nevada County-.

Total

66,300
80,000
70,000
50,000
30,000
40,000
42,000
35,000
20,000
40,000
40,000
45,000
45,000
10,000
40,000
30,000
60,000
30,000
15,000
35,000
50,000
60,000
30,000
28,500
1,337

993,137

TALLAC HATCHERY.
Fish Distribution, Season 1912.
Distribution of Black-spotted Tkout (Salmo m. henshawii).

Date.

Waters stocked.

June

22

June

23

June

25

June

25

June

29

June

29

July

2

July

3

July

5

July

6

July

9

July

9

July

11

July

11

July

12

July

13

July

13

July

16

July

16

July

21

m

Taylor Creek, El Dorado County

Taylor Creek, El Dorado County

TaUac Creek, El Dorado County

Fallen Leaf Lake, El Dorado County--.

Tallac Creek, El Dorado County

Fallen Leaf Lake, El Dorado County..

Tallac Creek, El Dorado County

Powerhouse ditch. El Dorado County.-.
Fallen Leaf Lake, El Dorado County-—

Cascade Lake, El Dorado County

Powerhouse .ditch. El Dorado County..

Cascade Lake, El Dorado County

Tallac Creek, El Dorado County

Fallen Leaf Lake, El Dorado County—.
Little Truckee River, El Dorado County

Cascade Lake, El Dorado County

Taylor Creek, El Dorado County

Taylor Creek, El Dorado County

Powerhouse ditch. El Dorado County.-.
Taylor Creek, El Dorado County

Total

Number.

95,000
40,000
62,000
62,000
62,000
62,000
126,000
71,000
79,000
62,000
24,000
62,000
62,000
62,000
40,000
62,000
69,840
68,000
68,000
68,011

1.306,851

REPORT OP BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

77

TALLAC HATCHERY.
Fish Distribution, Season 1912.
DisTBiBUTioN OF LARGE Lake Trout (Salmo m. tahoensis).

Date.

Waters stocked.

Number.

June

29

July

11

July

12

July

13

July

16

July

22

July

23

July

24

July

25

July

25

July

26

Fallen Leaf Lake, El Dorado County

Fallen Leaf Lake, El Dorado County

Little Truckee River, El Dorado County

Cascade Lake, EI Dorado County

Taylor Creek, El Dorado County

Meyers Creek, El Dorado County

Taylor Creek, El Dorado Coimty

Grass Lake, El Dorado C»>unty

Cascade Lake, EI Dorado County

Little Truckee and Angora creeks. El Dorado County
Cascade Lake, El Dorado County

Total

14,000

28,000
14,000
14,000
20,000
35,000
28,000
35,000
35,000
35,000
52.221

310,221

GLEN ALPINE HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.

Distribution of Black-spotted Trout (Salmo m. henshawii).

Date.

Waters stocked.

Number.

July 20 Lily Lake, EI Dorado County

July 21 Grass Lake, El Dorado County

July 22 Susie Lake, El Dorado County

July 22 Heather Lake, EI Dorado County

July 22 Gilmore Lake, El Dorado County

July 23 Lucile Lake, EI Dorado County

July 24 Half Moon Lake, EI Dorado County.. .

July 25 Grass Lake, EI Dorado County

July 25 Susie Lake, El Dorado County

July 25 Glen Alpine Lake, El Dorado County. .

July 23 Lake of the Woods, El Dorado County

Total

TAHOE HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.
Distribution of Eastern Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis).

60,000
90,000
15,000
45,000
45,000
15,000
60,000
30,000
60,000
25,649
30,000

475,649

Date.

Applicant.

Sept. 5

Sept. 12

Sept. 13

Sept. 15

Sept. 16

Sept. 17

Sept. 18

Sept. 18

Sept. 20

Sept. 22

Sept. 30

R. Colwell

Lawrence & Comstock

F. Gowling

A. Buckman

Lake Tahoe Railway and Trans

portation Company.
Lake Tahoe Railway and Trans

portation Company.

P. Pomin

R. Colwell

Lake Tahoe Railway and Trans

portation Company.

Lake Tahoe Railway

R. Kopke

Total

Number.

Waters stocked.

4,500
5,000

1,500

900

2,800

2,800

1,500
2,800
1,000

1,500
1,000

25,300

I

Rubicon River, El Dorado County.
Velnia and Granite lakes. El Dorado

County.
Simimit Lake, Nevada County.
Cold Stream, Nevada County.
Watson Lake, Placer County.

Watson Lake, Placer Coimty.

Richardson Lake, El Dorado County.
Rubicon River, El Dorado County.
Watson Lake, Placer County.

Baker Creek, Placer County.
Truckee River, Nevada County.

78

REPORT OF BOARD OF FISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

UKIAH HATCHERY.
Fish Distribution, Season 1912.
Distribution of Steelhead Trout.

Date.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

June
June
June
-June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June

June
July
July
July
July

July 26

C. N. Cox . ..

G. A. Johnson

S. J. HoUiday .

W. C. White „.

A. L. Gibson ■_

John L. Orr ^_^

H. M. Whilley

EUiott B. Davis

Dr. 0. 0. Edwards

C. M. Manon

California Western Railway and
Navigation Company.

H. M. Kemp

California Anglers Association

California Anglers Association

California Anglers .Association

California Anglers ilssociation

California Anglers AssociatioE

Total

10,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
10,500
15,000
1.5,000
15,000
10,000
50,000

25,000
50,000
50,000
28,000
75,000

27,958

433.458

Ore Creek, Mendocino County.
Cold Creek, Mendocino County.
Ackerman Creek, Mendocino County.
Reeves Creek, Mendocino County.
Robinson Creek, Mendocino County.
Big River, Mendocino County.
Indian Creek, Mendocino County.
Indian Creek, Mendocino County.
Navarro River, Mendocino County.
Jack Smith Creek, Mendocino County.
Noyo River, Mendocino County.

Blue Lakes, Lake County.
Sonoma Creek, Sonoma County.
Sulphur Creek, Sonoma County.
Austin Creek, Sonoma County.
Paper Mill and Lagunitas creeks, Marin

County.
Russian River, Mendocino County.

Total steelhead eggs shipped to Ukiah Hatchery 470,000

Total loss of eggs and fry 30,542

Number planted 433,458

WAWONA HATCHERY.

Fish Distribution, Season 1912.
Distribution of Rainbow Trout.

Date.

Applicant.

June 25

June 27

June 28

June 29

June 29

July 5

.July 13

Dr. A. H. Byers-

Dr. A. H. Byers

B. H. Mace

E. T. Huffman.

A. C. Shaw

B. H. Mace

E. T. Huffman.

July 15 I B. Galispe

July 16

July 23

July 24

July 30

July 30

July 31

Aug. 1

Aug. 2

Aug. 2

Aug. 2

F. C. Boyce...
J. C. WestfalL
J. O. West fall-

United States Government agents.
J. C. Westfall

J. C. WestfaU—

J. S. Washburn.

E. T. Huffman..

A. C. Shaw

P. C. Boyce

Number.

Waters stocked.

Total

8,757

23,352

5,838
5,838
5,838
2,919
11.676
23,352

8,757
2,919

5,838

17,514
5,838

5,838

46,704

5,8.38

5,838

23,352

216,006

Lewis and Hogue creeks, Madera

County.
Thompson and Big creeks, Mariposa

Coimty.
Devils Canyon, Mariposa County.
Miami Creek, Madera County.
Woodward Creek, Madera County.
Conway Creek, Mariposa County.
Miami Creek, Madera County.
Meadow Creek and Stella Lake, Mari-
posa County.
Merced River, Mariposa County.
Oliver Creek, Mariposa County.
Grizzly and Grouse creeks, Mariposa

County.
Ostrander Lake, Mariposa County.
Owl Creek and South Pork ChowchiUa

River, Mariposa County.
South Pork Chowchilla River, Mariposa

County.
South Pork Merced River, Mariposa

County.
Miami Creek, Madera County.
Grove Creek, Madera County.
Big Creek, Mariposa County.

REPORT OF BOARD OF PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

79

WAWONA HATCHERY.

Fish Distribufion, Season 1912.

Distribution of Black-spotted Tkout {8almo m. henshaivii) .

Date.

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

July

5

July

23

July

24

July

25

July

26

B. H. Mace

J. O. WestlaU

J. C. Westfall

United States Government agents.-

United States Government agents. -

Total

5,203

5.20H

10,406

52,030

41,624

114,466

Conway Creek, Mariposa County.
Oliver Creek, Mariposa County.
Grizzly and Grouse creeks, Mariposa

County.
Grouse and Crescent creeks, Madera

County.
Bridal Veil Creek, Mariposa County.

Distribution of Large-mouth Black Bass.
(By Fish Car.)

Applicant.

Number.

Waters stocked.

Month of
delivery.

M. H. Stitt

230
120
100

75
100
125

90
110
800

Cache Cteek, Yolo County ._ . ..

Aug. 28

Gbas. Domenghini

Kmpry R.e.'sfirvoir, Oalavpras riniinty

Aug. 30

Chester A. Scroggs

Laird Mine Hole, Placer County.. .

Sept. 1
Sept. 2

A. D. Shaw _.

Lane Lake, San Benito County. ._

W. P. Kelley

Lake Lagloria, Monterey County .

Sept. 2

A. H. Fowler.. _.

Black Lake, San Luis Obispo County ... .

Sept . 3

W. H. Graves — .

Hughes Lake, Los Angeles County.. . . .

Sept. i

Kiles R. Turner. ,

Turners Lake, San Bernardino County.. .

Sept. 4

Los Angeles Park Com-
mission.

HoUenbeck Park Lake, Los Angeles County

Sept. 5

Total

1,750

50

KEPORT OP BOARD OP PISH AND GAME COMMISSIONERS.

Following is a summary of the distribution from the different hatch-
eries for the season of 1912 :

Sisson Hatchery.

Trout eggs collected from the ponds and substations and received from' other

hatcheries:

Eggs.

Loss.

c, . J * Fry shipped
Shipped to and held
other ! for

stations. I breeding.

Total

shipped and

held for

breeding.

Loch Leven trout

Eastern brook trout-
Rainbow trout

Steelbead trout

Large lake trout

Black-spotted trout

1,500,000
1,000,000
6,994,000

416,600
92,922

370,164

Salmon ' 6,340,000

206,500
94,000

818,330

55,600

8,922

51,664

197.445

225,000

1,293,500 I
906,000 I

5,950,670 j

361,000

84,000

318,500

8,913,670

6,142,555 6,142,555

15,056,225

Tahoe Hatcheries.

Black-spotted trout 3,610,622

Large lake trout | 542,761

Eastern brook trout

342,821
139,618

492,164
92,922

2,775,637

310,221

25,300

3,111,158

Brookdale

Hatchery

Steelhead trout — _. _

2,709,300

603,200

1,302,600

803,500

803,500

Price Creel< Hatchery.

Steelhead trout ] 618,000

Salmon 1 3,240,000

38,000
36,340

580,000
3,203,660

3,783,660

Ul<iah Hatchery.

Steelhead trout

470,000

36,542

433,458

433,458

Wawona Hatchery.

Rainbow trout

3Ut

225,000

— - 122,000

8,994
7.. 5.34

216,006
114,466

Black-spotted tn

330,472

I '

Sacramento Experimental Sta

tion.

Salmon -- — ..

1,768,000 418,000

450, -000

900,000

900,000

IVIill Creek Station.

Salmon

9,364,550

94,320

607,000

8,663,230

8,663,230

Black Bass.

Adult black bass

caught

up and distributed for hrp

'eders

1,750

Total.

Trout distributed and held for breeding in State of California during

season of 1912 14,172,258

Salmon distributed in State of California during season of 1912 18,909,445

Black bass distributed in State of California during season of 1912 1,750

Total 33,083,453

Fifty thousand grayling eggs received from U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, at Boze-
man, Montana.

Ten thousand grayling fry were shipped to Monterey County, but were lost by
applicant.

After the eggs were hatched the fry were placed in one of the ponds at Sisson.
They have not been counted and the number remaining in the ponds is not known.

J i

1!

III

m