SQ eS ee i rae eet ea i 8 me A mee + em tI Me we eee reno x & 7 adnan 1) ) Sul AD Mss 0. mente ism en re eM seacgveseetvauey vivo ww¥ wi waves Wa ith oe es ibe Vutiety ever veri jvees bee iv is A © wwe A hAch hl) ¥ Viry te \ r SAW \ WU YUYES VY WM NS Zig = VOU ICTY | | ee : pA WSSU" e aS, GUYS No —) ¥ TRE COC) ‘Ae ‘ ewe Y pel Y ary cat ee “ / sy 1 wo ad Oe \ 2 od Net $ 7 5h Pe Noad 3 y ~ vey 5 i i=) af) w Ag to ol Ww a) aa} +S pars haw Rh ® ‘S) =) CQ bem \ )) jd Ue ad ah pay ha) ae ree ey ae Po als Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from University of Toronto http://www.archive.org/details/canadianentomol28ento Che | Canadian Entomologist WOOL LIME Seine I. EDITED BY THE Rev. C. J. S. Bethune, MsA:, D.C.L., PORT HOPE, ONTARIO. ASSISTED BY Dr. James Fletcher and W. H. Harrington, Ottawa : H. H. Lyman, Montreal, and Rev. T. W. Fyles, South Quebec. EEE London, Ont.: The London Printing and Lithographing Company, Limited. 1896. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME XXVili. [SN RSE (CAN RD 65 ot 9) ea le AUBURN, ALABAMA. EON INS NCAUIBEEAON Pasco the Tics 2). . 2) CRORE aeweren SEA CLirFF, N. Y. Ec EW NiEaaiae Vs (Gs Je Ss (The Editor) 6 eho ae Porr foe ON’. BLATCIILE oe Mats pl Oe a eo INDIANAPOLIS, IND. BRATNERD, DWIGHT...... Uke. «ieee MONTREAL, SORE IGT 1, Ni IBYINGM De Edn ss ks, . iba... os WASHINGTON, D. C. ‘OCT CG OD RG Or) 7 U0 ie Oa. Cea _. 4 ee eeIMESTELA, NEW Mexico. oS) OL OULU ETS MIEN DES AG. Ria a ae WASHINGTON, D, C, LOCOS IND UR C2) |S) et a tee ee oe) . HARTFORD, Conn. YN PAN RSE TANTEI GST BAS) Ces ee a A NEW YORK. SEV IAVNTSS J CO) G ONT OE Sears is eae eh, OS eR 5 TRENTON, ONT. LOTUSUIRC TE NIRS 0 BIE cor aren ke i . . ee CASTE NeATRT SN SET PeerOnbk, JAMES, DL. D...5):..:......° /ORmawa: TQGTIERS ODA | PUG TST! EROS: Ny Vee bits x OS 5 Se ean -CAMBRIDGE, MAss. IPG ORS RS cod Ra ee oe :) SouTH QUEBEC, “SALT EISTOUIN S AMIR a IGN RES ES alo na TORONTO, (EI ROAINT ITC) ng ee ie is See ORILLIA, SC STEOUIE Ey aN BY AN OO XG 8 0) 25 IE HILDESHEIM, GERMANY. ial/a\ Nt UEVIKOUN 49 D2) 5 ft ODT (Rs aa en ALLEGHENY, PENN, HUAN NIN 70 ee ... ¢ae WINNIPEG, FeO Gr ONE IANG IY Eek ae. ee tes OTTAWA. JU BSN UOTE LER TED 88 Se i a CARTWRIGHT, -MANITOBA. JOURS rte A 1 Dect ook a rr MORGANTOWN, WEsT Va. LEICA RST DS Be ORE ec ecco ey a WASHINGTON, D. C, 13 FUG Bf 9) 2) SR DR ....... LINCOLN, NEBRASKA. HIROUEDINS ON Vat (ss che sc ets Saree teen ee ... » URBANA TTI. TESTE ESCH HDT eel BI RCO Rs] DSSS StS Oe ee COLUMBUS, OHIO. UCT RUS TE GNIS EST eel & (is ae ee ne ..... MALDEN, Mass. LEN MUNIN. TELS Ut a anaplastic MONTREAL, IPNUG Coll AS Doan oor. ORE ee... ee ae IrHaca, N. Y. ISIDORE aig Gis 2 LO) ESR a ey a ane RO 1. «+ ca WASHINGTON. DC: IMLS LG 2) Gel REN WEI (2 . .....+.. WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND. MOFFAT, J. ALSTON. =... a sh LONDON, ON?T. OMB ET RSI USTONN | (G3 Yel al bo] SST ae aR a CARLINVILLE, ILL, j DUS MENUS OEY) G21 Re DRS i ae MORGANTOWN, WEST VA, SY CAG INN UAT Os Ge Ne Se ae WASHINGTON, D. C. SIS TIO UBER S35 71 Beers cos Sl coe Ne a cr CAMBRIDGE, Mass. SUNN FUR MOR. UEINIRY nin 1 ets... .... PHILADELPHIA, SUL JON CAL OU RS GPE Ds es Nae eet tee a IrHaca, N, Y. SOTO es bs ARN) si CO BS hd Baa ee NEw Brunswick, N. J. SINT TDI SIRENS Elliot, 6 Slory) eae: 2" =2- oa Salis Macrobasis. Second joint of antenne shorter than the third, usually not more than half as long. Antenne not thickened towards the tip, setaceous, usually much longer than the head and thorax. Surface of body not metallic: s Ae eee os. oN wien ennmene ..... Lpicauta. Antenne scarcely longer than the head and thorax, much thick- ened towards the tip; the outer joints short and broad. Labrum deeply emarginate at middle...-.---- . Pomphopea. Antennz extending beyond base of thorax, the joints bead-like in form; labrum slightly emarginate at middle. Surface of body metallicsowaeees- Sy so ees ve aeve es Cantharts. It will be understood that the above characters are not of necessity essential, and that they are intended to apply only to the Canadian forms constituting the genera, Several species of Cantharis from other regions are not metallic, and there is a great range of variation in the form: of the antenne. This matter is discussed more fully in Dr. Horn’s papers, the titles of which may be found in the bibliography. . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 33 Metog, Linn. ‘A most difficult genus to treat. The species are clumsy insects with short elytra, which do not cover the large, unwieldy abdomen. They may be found crawling about on low herbage during the cooler portions of the day, or sometimes on flowers ; apparently they are most common in autumn and spring. When disturbed they emit a disagreeable fluid from the joints As one of the species is lacking in our collection, we have applied to Dr. Horn’ for the synopsis serving to separate the four Canadian forms among themselves. Thorax evidently longer than wide, sparsley and irregularly punctate. Elytra rather finely strigose and subopaque; general colour dull blue; head scarcely punctate.....................americanus, Leach. Thorax not longer than wide. General colour black, dull ; thorax coarsely punctured and with an impression on basal half of median line........zmpressus, Kirby. Blue-black, slightly shining; thorax moderately densely punctate, disk not impressed ; elytra not roughly sculptured...zéger, Kirby. Decidedly blue and rather shining; thorax very coarsely, deeply, not densely punctured, disk not impressed; elytra rather coarsely BOT TUM ERC 104 crak fa eta = gece > +i x.«,-. «= yy u tormeeb eal en a BAEECA SE COLLIS AS Macropsasis, Lec. Contains only one as rk Canadian species, J. unzi- color, Kirby. (Fig. 2.) The body is black, covered with whitish hairs which give an ashen appearance to the insect. The male differs from the female in having the second antennal ee joint longer than the third and fourth together. Length, .32—.64 in. Often occurs in such numbers on potato vines as to do tonsiderable mischief. Epicauta, Redt. Four species recorded from Canada are included here. They re- semble only the preceding genus in form and may be readily separated from it by the antennal characters. In habits they also resemble J/acro- 34 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. éasis, being found commonly on flowers or herbage. We have taken trichrus on convolvulus, pennsylvanica on golden-rod, ferruginea on Helianthus, and v7¢fata on various low plants along river banks. Elytra yellowish with two black stripes. .50-.80 in...vé¢tata,Fab. (Fig. 3). Elytra unicolorous, never striped. ; Antenne scarcely tapering to tip, joints nearly cylin- drical. Colour usually black; head in great part red; varies occasionally in being entirely covered with cinereous pubescence ; thorax longer than wide, more densely punctured than the head. *,._ f EROS SSO ANA nc.) ho ape Sec< + STACAT YS, Oa Colour ferruginous or cinereous, owing to the dense pubes- cence ; thorax not longer than wide, not differently punctured from the head ; antennge short. .12-.36 in. .fervruginea, Say. Antenne tapering at tip, joints looser and more constricted or narrowed at base. Black, coarsely pubescent ; head and thorax similar in punc- tuation. .28-.50 in.................pennsylvanica, DeG. PomMPHopaa, Lec. P. Sayi, Lec., has been reported from the Sudbury district. It is a greenish insect, .60-.70 in. long, with short antenne which enlarge towards the tip. The legs are reddish-yellow ; the knees, tips of tibie and tarsi, dark. CanrTuaris, Linn. Two very fine metallic green or bronzed species belong here. They separate best by the use of secondary sexual characters, as made known by Dr. Horn, thus :— Fifth abdominal segment of ¢ with a broad emargination, which is bisinuate at bottom ; lateral lobes rather prominent. Female with hind trochanter subangulate. .64-1.10 in.......... LVuttall, Say. Fifth abdominal segment of ¢ with an acute notch at middle, the lateral lobes broadly rounded. Hind trochanters of ¢ not subangulate. ° GO=;7O 1. aren eye 5 we ween ss» CYGRIPCHHIS. eee In both of the aero species ite ae troghiahters of the male are armed with a spine at middle, and by this character they may be separ- ated from C. viridana, Lec., which occurs in the Northwest Territory. The males here have the hind trochanters unarmed. THE: CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 35 In the further study of the Meloide the student will find the follow- ing works of value :— 1853. Leconte, J. L. Synopsis of the Meloides of the United States. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., VI. 1866. Leconte, J. L. New Species of North American Coleoptera. Smithsonian Institution. Pyrota, p. 159; LPomphopea, p. 160. 1873. Horn, Geo. H. Revision of the Species of Several Genera of Meloide of the United States. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., XIII. 1875. Horn, Geo. H. Synonymical Notes and Descriptions of New Species of North American Coleoptera. Zonztis, p. 155. Tr. Am. Epto. Soc., V. 1878. Horn, Geo. H. Contributions to the Coleopterology of the United States, No. 2. Cadlospasta, p. 59. Tr. Am. Ento. Soc., VII. 1880. Leconte, J. L. Short Studies of North American Coleoptera. Trans. Am. Ento. Soc., VIII. Memognatha, p. 212. 1885. Horn, Geo. H. Studies among the Meloide. ‘Trans. Am. Ento. Soc. A, In addition to the above, a few notes on the smaller genera have been published, and certain portions of various larger ones gone over, but these titles have been omitted for lack of space. THE. NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF GNATHODUS. BY CARL F. BAKER, FORT COLLINS, COLO. The genus Grathodus, as at present accepted, includes forms closely allied to Cicadu/a, but differing in having only two apical cells in the wing. They are of a weaker build than species of Cicadu/a, and a characteristic appearance from above makes them readily distinguishable from any of that genus. The species are very variable and difficult to define. They are small, more or less slender, greenish, yellowish, or whitish Jassids, usually without distinct markings. he ocelli are distant from the eyes. The clypeus usually somewhat exceeds the genze. The ovipositor rarely exceeds the pygofers. In the United States at least, most of the species are of very wide distribution. TABLE OF SPECIES. A. Head wider than pronotum ; vertex not at all produced ; colour very pale sordid greenish-fuscous, elytra whitish-subhyaline, sternum black ; length, 3-3.25 mm............abdominalis. AA. Head narrower than pronotum, often much so. 36 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. B.. Sternum green or yellow. C. Size medium to small; length, 3-4.25 mm.; vertex not strongly produced. D. Elytra whitish-translucent; head and thorax or olive-green ; slender ; length, 3.5-4 mm..... .. .. 2s. Umpictus. DD. Elytra whitish. subhyaline, Seni to yellow 4 on ae two-thirds; head and thorax yellow or yellowish-green ; robust, length, 3.7 5S Al DOM ss. icky pee teetes impictus, var. flavus, Ni. var, DDD. Elytra pale eee 3 head and thorax green ; slender, length, | 4525 mam ves ‘ oi ts dels a RCRMMES, TOS CC. Size large; length, 5 mm.; vertex Geronely produ’: yellowish throughout, with hyaline elytra. 2% <+)- — ai laid cue BB. Sternum black. E. Face at least, and usually vertex, pronotum, and scutel, with dis- tinct fuscous markings. F. Elytra not distinctly maculated with black ; vertex not produced.. 5 Jats © Los ot, SiO Rey meee FF. Elytra more or leas sthonely irked ait ‘Bigeks vertex distinctly produced. . SSRs Sela ots Gos" 1s ee punctatus. EE. Face, vertex, nEROENeT and fecgellitm greenish, without distinct fuscous markings. G. Elytra whitish-translucent throughout ; veins narrowly greenish ; slender, length; \4.25.mim. ..... .: ......2 .), Occe@emeaien. pA SD. GG. Elytra pearly-white, green towards the base; veins broadly green; robust, -length, 4.5:mm os. ..........0... Ligiggsonms Teeap: Guathodus abdominalis, VanD. 1892. VanDuzee, Can. EnT., XXIV., p. 113. 1894. VanDuzee, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXI., p. 307. 1895. Gillette & Baker, Prelim., List Hemip., Colo., p. 104. 1895. Gillette, 7th Ann. Rep. Colo. Exp. Sta., p. 60. Head wider than pronotum. Face a fourth wider than long. Front two-sevenths longer than wide, two and one-sixth times longer than the clypeus. Clypeus broader at base than at tip, sides subparallel or slightly incurved, tip broadly rounded. Vertex evenly rounded, not pro- duced. Pronotum two and one-eighth times as wide as long, length two and a fourth times that of the vertex, hind margin nearly straight, curvature about half of the length. Ovipositor exceeding the pygofers. Hind margin of the last ventral segment in the female apparently slightly THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, a7 bisinuate. Plate in male evenly rounded; valves narrowly, strongly produced, exceeding the plate by twice its length ; tips straight. Colour pale yellowish-fuscous on the head and thorax, the latter sometimes with three faint longitudinal fuscous stripes. Front more or less washed with rufous. Elytra whitish-subhayline; sternum black. Abdomen above black except margins of segments. Venter yellow. Length, 3 mm. The above description was prepared from Colorado specimens determined as straight abdominalis by Mr. VanDuzee. The distribution of the species in Colorado, as far as determined, is given in Prelim. List Hemip. Colo. In this State it has been recorded from barley and sugar- beet. The species was originally described from New Jersey (Smith). I have before me, also, specimens from the collection of the Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., bearing data as follows: June 19, on wheat; July 27 ; Sept. 17, on wheat. In the original description, Mr. VanDuzee says of the male genitalia: “‘ Valve large, as long as the two apical ventral segments taken together ; apex angled, subacute. Plates but little surpassing the valve, etc.” However, in our specimens—determined by Mr. VanDuzee—they are as described above. In this genus, within certain limits, the genitalia are variable in form. Moreover, as among Typhlocybids, many marked changes are produced in the genitalia by drying, so that most characters drawn from these parts require verification in fresh specimens. In this species the ocelli are rather nearer to the eyes than is usual in the genus. Gnathodus impictus, VanD. 1892. VanDuzee, Can. Ent., XXIV., p. 113. 1894. VanDuzee, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXL, p. 307. Head narrower than the pronotum. Face one-sixth wider than long. Front two-sevenths longer than wide, twice the length of the clypeus. Clypeus as broad at tip as at base, sides subparallel, tip strongly, evenly rounded. Genz broad below the lore. Vertex distinctly produced. Pronotum little less than twice wider than long, length two and a-half times that of the vertex, hind margin distinctly incurved, curvature less than half the length. Ovipositor about equalling pygofers. Hind margin of last ventral segment of female truncate or slightly incurved. Plate in male strongly rounded ; valves strongly produced; tips as long as: discs, slender, incurved at apex ; valves and pygofers with strong white spines, 38 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Colour green, yellowish beneath and on scutel; anterior edge of pronotum and basal angle of scutel with faint indications of rufous. Abdomen above, except margins of segments, black. Elytra whitish- translucent, costa at base sometimes greenish. Length, 3.5-4 mm. The above description was made from a male and female collected at Lakeland, Md. (F.C. Pratt). These do not fit the original description exactly in the form of the male genitalia, but the difference is not specific and the specimens are otherwise typical. I also have specimens before me from Salineville, Ohio (Cornell Univ. Coll.); Washington, D. C. (Heidemann); Ag. Coll. Miss. (H. E. Weed). Specimens from the collection of the Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist. bear the following data :— April 23, on rye; May 7, on strawberry; May 9g, on blue-grass; June 22, on wheat. The species was originally described from New Bruns- wick, N. J. (Smith). Gnuathodus impictus, var. flavus, Nn. var. Slightly larger and more robust than typical zmpictus. Colour yellow or greenish-yellow throughout, including the subhayline elytra towards the base. Also varying from typical z#pzctus in the form of the vertex, face, and male genitalia. Described from three large series of specimens. The first from Ithaca, N. Y., (Cornell Univ. Coll.). The second from the collection of Mr. Chas. Hart (Illinois :—Acc. Nos. 500-5 12-514-522-525-526-5 30-535). The third from the collection of the Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist., bearing data as follows: —May 15; June 17, on weeds; June 26, on clover; July 2 to 25. This is one of the most puzzling lot of Jassids that has ever come to my notice. The variation in colour, form, and structure seems extreme, and yet is gradual throughout the whole series. The vertex varies from scarcely at all produced to distinctly produced. The valves in the male vary from not at all produced to the typical form, though the character of the tips is the same in every case. -The specimens from Illinois are mostly entirely yellow, though greenish forms occur. On the other hand, those from New York are mostly distinctly greenish-yellow, the yellow forms being rare. Gnathodus medius, 0. sp. Female: Head narrower than the pronotum. Face about a twelfth wider than long. Front two-fifths longer than wide, length little more than twice that of the clypeus, Clypeus with sides straight, gradually Reh pp eZ. Fe A. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 39 evenly broadening to a truncate tip, exceeding the gene more than usual. Genz of medium width below the lore. Vertex slightly produced at middle. Pronotum four-fifths wider than long, length four times that of the vertex, curvature little less than half the length, hind margins slightly concave. Last ventral segment truncate, lateral angles curved down- ward. Ovipositor about equalling pygofers, the latter with scattering short white spines on the apical two-thirds. Colour yellowish-green. Front with faint indications of one or two transverse arcs. Basal angles of scutellum somewhat darker. Elytra hyaline, with nervures, and costal and inner margins at base, greenish. Sternum greenish. Abdomen above, except margins of segments, black. Length, 4.25 mm. Pullman, Washington (C. V. Piper). This form is near zmpictus, but is longer and more slender. It also differs in other respects as described above. Larger series from intermediate points, may show it to be but a variety of zmpictus. Gnathodus manitou, G. & B. 1895. Gillette & Baker, Prelim. List Hemip. Colo.,, p. 105. Fig. ** Face finely shagreened, a seventh wider than long ; clypeus nearly twice as long as broad, rounded at the tip, slightly constricted before the base, basal suture strongly curved ; lor nearly as long and three-fourths as broad as the clypeus ; gene moderately broad, rather deeply depressed beneath the eyes, outer margin angularly incised below the eyes, sharply rounded below, attaining the tip of the clypeus; front one-half longer than broad, twice as long as the clypeus, gradually narrowing below, obtusely rounded above. Vertex one-half longer on the middle than next the eyes, width between the eyes two and one-half times the length at the middle. Pronotum five-sixths broader than long, two and three-fifths times longer than the vertex, curvature two-fifths of the length, posterior margin very slightly concave, anteriorly smooth, posteriorly with scattered feeble punctures, on the posterior median portion finely obliquely rugose, the lines converging backwards. Last ventral segment feebly rounded behind, nearly truncate, pygofers with numerous stout hairs along the whole length. Colour pale green, unicolorous. Elytra hyaline. “ Length, 5 mm. Described from one female. “ Manitou, July (Tucker).” As this species is only known from the unique type, I quote the original description. The colour should have been stated as yellowish- green instead of pale green A() THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Gnathodus confusus, G. & B. 1895. Gillette & Baker, Prelim. List Hemip. Colo., p. 104. Fig. “Face one-fifth wider than long; clypeus twice as long as broad, basal suture strongly curved, somewhat constricted near the base, broadest near the tip ; lore about three-fourths as broad and three-fourths as long as the clypeus; genz broadly depressed beneath the eyes, margin beneath the eyes inverted, broadly rounded below, moderately broad beiow the lore and attaining the tip of the clypeus ; front one-fifth longer than broad, once and two-thirds the length of the clypeus, supe- riorly broadly rounded. Face, vertex, and pronotum finely shagreened. Vertex scarcely longer on the middle than next the eyes, width between the eyes slightly more than fcur times the length at the middle. Pronotum slightly less than twice as broad as long, length nearly four times that of the vertex, curvature about one-half of length, considerably wider than the head, hind margin slightly concave. Transverse groove of scutellum black. Hind margin of last ventral segment of female truncate. Colour yellowish-green. Face sordid yellow, basal angles of the clypeus with an infuscated spot. Vertex of the same colour as the face, with three indistinct longitudinal smoky bands, the ocelli in light areas. Pronotum light yellowish-green on the anterior and lateral margins, darker green on the middle, two dark brown spots medially just back of the anterior margin, the latter in some specimens entirely obso- lete. Scutellum pale yellow, basal angles darker. Elytra greenish-sub- hyaline, slightly maculate with brown near the clavus, somewhat smoky towards the tip. Tergum black with the apical margins of the segments yellow. Venter yellow with the first two or three segments black at the base, pygofers yellowish. Sternum black. Legs yellowish throughout, with infuscated lines on the outside of the femora. ; “ Length, 3.75 mm, Described from seven females. ‘‘ Pleasant Valley, seven miles north-west of Fort Collins, June 12th ; Estes Park, July 12th (Gillette); Steamboat Springs, July 12th, on Carex (Baker). ‘We have a single female specimen which seems distinct from this species, but to which at this time we hesitate giving a name. It differs as follows: The colour more yellowish. Pronotum distinctly less than twice broader than long. Length, 4 mm. ‘‘Estes Park, July 12th (Gillette).” THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A] I quote the original description. Larger series of this species show some variation from the types. With the exception of two specimens from the collection of the Ill, State Lab. Nat. Hist. (Acc. 1880-4620), I have seen no specimens taken outside of Colorado. This form may eventually prove to be a variety of punctatus. In confusus the vertex is evenly rounded, not produced, while in punctatus it is distinctly pro- duced. Confusus also lacks the conspicuous maculation of the elytra. In some specimens the markings vary to a bright fulvous. Guathodus punctatus (Thunb,) Fieb.* 1782. Thunberg, Act. Ups., VI., p. 21 (Cicada punctata). 1866. Fieber, Verh. d. zool.-bot. Gesell, Wien, XVI., p. 505. (Gnathodus punctatus ). 1872. Provancher, Nat. Can., IV., p. 378 ( Zyphlocyba rosea). 1890. Provancher, Pet. Faune Ent. Can., III., p. 300-301 ( Zyphlo- cyba punctata and T° jocosa.). 1894. VanDuzee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXI., p. 307. Distinguished by the more or less strongly maculated elytra and produced vertex. Otherwise very closely resembling confusus. A care- ful comparison between series of the American forms referred to this species, and authentic specimens of the European punctatus, would be very desirable. This species is probably widely distributed in the U.S. I have collected it at Ag. Coll., Michigan, and at Fort Collins, Colo., and also have specimens from Ithaca, N. Y. (Cornell Univ. Coll.). There is con- siderable variation in colour, some specimens having strong pink or roseate suffusion, others being quite strongly green. Gnathodus occidentalis, n. sp. Head narrower than pronotum. Face an eighth wider than long. Front about a half longer than wide, and twice the length of the clypeus. Clypeus gradually broadening to the very slightly rounded tip. Gene broad below lorz. Vertex very slightly produced at the middle. Pro- notum about seven-eighths wider than long, three and two-thirds the length of the vertex, curvature seven-fifteenths of the length. Last ventral segment of female truncate at tip. Ovipositor equalling pygofers, *The synonymy of this species is essentially the same as that given by Mr. Van- Duzee in his “‘ List of N. A. Jassoidea.”” The extended European bibliography I do not attempt to give, 42 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. the latter with very short, weak, white spines. Valves of male with long white spines on edges of discs, tips produced into finger-like processes as long as discs. Colour pale green. Face with faint indications of about three brownish arcs. Basal angles of scutellum yellowish. Elytra milky white, with the veins and costal margin greenish. Sternum black. Abdomen above, and beneath at base, except margins of segments, black. Length, 4.25 mm. Pullman, Washington (C. V. Piper). This form may prove to be a variety of medius on the examination of large series, but it differs in having a black sternum and milky elytra. Guathodus Livingstonii, n. sp. Female: Head narrower than the pronotum. Face a twelfth wider than long. Front a fourth longer than wide, somewhat less than twice the length of the clypeus. Clypeus gradually broadening to the truncate tip. Genz narrow below the lore. Vertex very slightly and broadly produced, with a small but distinct pit on either side at base, midway between the median line and eye. Pronotum two-thirds wider than long, about four times the length of the vertex ; curvature seven-sixteenths of the length, hind margin straight. Hind margin of last ventral segment truncate. Ovipositor about equalling pygofers, the latter with rather-long whitish spines on the apical two-thirds. Colour bright, rather deep, green. Scutellum yellowish at basal angles. Elytra pearly-white, greenish towards the base, nervures broadly green. Sternum, abdomen above and at base beneath except margins of segments, black. Robust. Length, 4.5 mm. : Corfield, Vancouver Island, B. C. (Mr. Clermont Livingston). This is one of many most interesting things which Mr. Livingston’s industry has turned up in Vancouver Island, and I take pleasure in dedicating it to him. It is near ocezdentalis, but is longer, more robust, and differs in coloration. PROSGPIS SUBTILIS, Prosopis mesill@, n. n. Syn. £. subtilis, Fox in litt., Ckil., Tr. Am. Ent. Sdc., 1895, p. 295. (Not P. subtzlis, Forst.) T. DD. A. COCKERELL. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43 NEW CULICIDA FROM NORTH AMERICA. BY D. W. COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D.C. In the course of identifying the Culicide in the National Museum collection and ‘those received by Mr. L. O. Howard from various corre- spondents, for mention in a paper which he is about to publish, entitled, “Notes on the Life-history of Cudex pungens, with remarks about other Mosquitoes,” three forms were met with which clearly represent new species ; and as Mr. Howard desires to exclude all matter of a purely technical nature from his’ paper, it was deemed abvisable to publish the new species in one of our scientific periodicals. Accordingly, the descrip- tions are offered herewith :— Culex signifer, 1. sp.— 9. Head velvet black, its tomentum silvery- white, the pile black ; antenne, proboscis and paipi black, their tomen- tum mixed brown and silvery-white, that on apices of palpi wholly silvery. Thorax velvety brownish-black, marked on the anterior half with two silvery-white subdorsal vitte, and with a silvery-white arcuate lateral line extending the entire length of the thorax; pleura marked with several spots of silvery-white tomentum ; scutellum with two spots of similar tomentum on the upper side and one at the tip. Abdomen black, its tomentum violaceous, that at base of each segment white. Legs brown, femora largely yellowish, the tomentum mixed brown and silvery-white, that at apices of tibie pure white, each end of tarsal joints white, most extended on the hind tarsi; tarsal claws destitute of teeth on the under side. Wings hyaline, veins yellowish, the scales mixed brown and white; length, 4.8 mm. District of Columbia. (POLESITES WalLEGba Guten. Segments entirely of one’colour........\..-..-%.+-. 5 Bn 7. Entirely dilute greenish, immaculate. Habitat—Boreal Europe a. io. s jos See eta ys. "POLST TIS Pras ineies, Entirely reddish-violaceous ; antennz and feet blue-black. Habitat— Boreal Europe ......-.+........: "palustris fucicola, Reuter. *Species not seen. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 49 8. Mucro with the first tooth horizontal, without any tendency towards forming a vertical or subvertical hook.. TRENT SPECIE B Mucro with the first tooth vertical or aubleertival, at least somewhat hooked. . Don Ca PPR fo ace ort Vent, SMEE hae STEP OME a 9: ee ea } See ba (28 Mucro with three teeth—the first very Phare eoreonial, appearing somewhat as when the first tooth is at the base of the second ; the second and third, long, vertical, subequal. There is a round knot-like prominence at the base of the mucro, but it is not tooth-like ; superior claw without teeth on the outer and inner margins; inferior claw scarcely dilated on the inner margin, with a tooth at middle ; dentes twice the length of the manubrium ; the furcula reaching the ventral tube ; body, legs and furcula, yellowish; eye spot black ; antenne a little longer than the head, purplish at apex. Habitat—Salem, UAV WARSTE Ge Sie ee lea ao APY RONAN 10077704 To 8 B45 3 to. Manubrium longer than the dentes ; furcula not reaching the ventral tube; superior claw without teeth on the outer and inner margins ; inferior claw with the inner margin not at all dilated, and without teeth ; tibie with two tenant hairs; body mottled grayish, paler at the apices of the segments ; antenne and legs white ; antennze but little longer than the head ; body long and slender. Habitat—Fort Collins, Colorado (Carl Bc Ester retire epee ts Pein < t.00 s a's i A eee CVOI Aa Ey SI, Manubrium shorter than the dentes, not extending beyond the apex of the abdomen; furcula not reaching the ventral tube ; superior and inferior claws without teeth ; inner margin of the inferior claw greatly and roundly dilated; mucro with two teeth—the first horizontal and pointedly rounded, the second vertical, of the same length as the first, pointed at apex ; body, legs, antennz, and furcula, white ; antenne not longer than the head. Collected on water drawn from a well. Habitat—Baton Rouge, Louisiana ba A. Morgan).........manubriata, n. sp. . Mucro with two teeth . Ba eo )'a te ah ho Ge eR Stace Pe erica ay Ae Dee Mucro with three or more. oe is ey 12. Teeth of mucro indistinct ; mucro sighed bile a TeSition be sine rim of a wagon wheel, the cut end transversely emarginate, the dorsal and ventral corners forming the teeth; the superior and D0 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. inferior claws without teeth ; the inferior claw dilated on the inner margin; antenne not twice as long as -the head. Habitat—Nova Zembla, Northern Siberia, and Greenland ii aoail ation easement . *bidendiculata, Tullb. Teeth of mucro distinct, peomninene two fee slietlly longer than the second, both pointing caudad; superior and inferior claws without teeth ; inferior claw of inner margin roundly dilated at middle ; furcula reaching the ventral tube ; dentes twice as long as the manubrium ; body and antennez blackish; legs and furcula white ; antenne a little longer than the head, the second and third segments dilated at apex. Habitat—Salineville, Ohideirs es SRLS FR ie ee SL. EE 13. Mucro with three teeth. Devaar Feces Ps Sa Mucro with four eee the first hon: Woke ie secon ues vertical, and about as long as the mucro is wide ; the third and fourth subequal to the second, vertical and opposite ; superior claw without teeth; the inferior claw without teeth, but with the inner margin broadly, roundly, dilated ; furcula not attaining the ventral tube; the dentes and manubrium subequal in length ; body and antenne yellowish, mottled with gray ; legs and furcula white; antenne not longer than the head. Habitat— Dover, Massachusetts (A. P. Morse) ....asica, n. sp. 14. Superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin, inner margin with- out teeth ; inferior claw without teeth, and the inner margin broadly, roundly, dilated ; mucro with three teeth, the first and second of the same length, pointing in the same direction, and in the same line, the third shorter, vertical ; furcula attaining the ventral tube ; dentes twice the length of the manubrium ;, body and antennz brownish-black ; legs and furcula white ; antenne a little Ba bau the head. Habitat—Salem, Ohio. waves era to .communa, . Sp. Superior oe wihouit a tool on ie outer margin..... BAA ons 15. Second tooth of mucro shorter than either the first or third, the third as long or longer than the first, all pointing dorso-caudad ; superior and inferior claws without teeth; inferior claw some- what dilated on the inner margin towards the base; furcula reaching the ventral tuhe; dentes twice the length of the * Species not seen, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. dl manubrium ; body and antenne dilute purplish ; legs and furcula white ; antennz a little longer than the head. ‘This species is paralleled in the European fauna by Zsotoma sensibilis, Tullb. Habitat—Salineville, Ohio.................¢rispinata, n. sp. Second tooth of mucro as long as either the first or third........16. 16. Inferior claw without a tooth onthe inner margin..............17. Inferior claw with a tooth on the inner margin, strongly dilated at middle; superior claw without teeth on the outer or inner margins, the outer margin roundly interrupted at middle ; mucro with three teeth, the first long, terminal, evenly curved, and of the same length as the second, the second and third of the same length, opposite, as long as the mucro is wide, and pointing in the same direction as the first ; furcula long, reaching to near the ventral tube ; dentes very slightly longer than the manu- brium ; body yellowish; furcula and legs white; antenne yellowish, apices of the segments purplish; apical segment semi- circular. Habitat—Fredericksburg, Virginia (William D. Rich- SEASON nea ee ace ata ss La ee er eeenraras NASD. 17. Furcula reaching the ventral tube ; the dentes twice as long as the ranubrium ; superior and inferior claws without teeth ; inferior claw with its inner margin roundly dilated towards the base ; mucro with three teeth, the first tooth distant from the second, making a prominent curve, and pointing dorso-caudad, the second and third vertical, subequal in length, if any difference the third the shortest ; body, legs, antennee, and furcula, white ; antenne slightly longer than the head ; eye spots black. It is impossible to distinguish living specimens of this species from the smaller species of Zipura, except when they jump. Habitat—Maine, Massachusetts, and New York. .a/bed/a, Pack. Furcula not reaching the ventral tube ; the manubrium distinctly longer than the dentes; superior and inferior claws without teeth ; the superior claw wide at base, a short distance from which it is suddenly and greatly constricted ; the inferior claw with the inner margin dilated at base, rounded out at apex ; mucro with three teeth, the first long, subvertical, distinctly hooked, the second and third of the same length, on opposite sides, and almost opposite ; body, legs, antenne, and furcula, blackish ; head elongate ; antenne about as long as the head, 18, IQ. 20. 22. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. the first and second segments dilated, as broad as long, and twice as broad as the third or fourth.. Habitat.— Polaris Bay.. oe ial iS eS . Besselsii, Pack. Superior nae att one abit on the inner margin. PPT is areas Superior claw with two teeth on the inner margin..............33. Superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin................28. Superior claw without a tooth on the outer margin.............20. Inferior claw with a tooth on the inner margin.................26. Inferior claw without a tooth on the inner margin..............21. Mucro emarginate at apex, the dorsal angle immediately dorsad of the ventral angle, with two teeth, the dorsal angle being the first, the second of the same length, but more pointed ; furcula reach- ing the ventral tube ; dentes twice the length of the manubrium; superior claw with a single tooth on the inner margin and none on the outer margin; inferior claw without teeth, dilated at base, the dilation interrupted before the middle, making a right angle ; antennz and body bluish-black ; legs brownish ; furcula white ; antenne one-third longer than the head. Habitat— Salineville, Qhio os ANS. fees eee ss 0 ne Mucro not emarginate at apex. .=....... 5. .... 5) sue ee Mucro with two or three teeth. eee Seaal Pat Mucro with four teeth, the first ake: a mere Annas he es | and third of the same length, vertical, as long as the mucro is wide, the fourth slightly shorter than the third and laterad of it, its base in a more dorsal plane, and pointing caudad ; furcula attaining the ventral tube ; dentes more than twice the length of © the manubrium ; superior claw with a single tooth on the inner margin and none on the outer margin ; the inferior claw without teeth, the inner margin slightly dilated; body and antenne mottled black ; legs and furcula white ; antennz longer than the head. MHabitat—Salineville, Ohio.........synonymica, n. sp. 23. First tooth of mucro horizontal or subhorizontal...... ciebee mvc peat First tooth of mucro forming a distinct hook................ 25. 24. Mucro with three teeth, the first subhorizontal, broad, the second and third longer than the first, of equal length, one behind the other, pointing cephalad ; furcula not reaching the ventral tube ; the dentes twice the length of the manubrium ; superior claw with- out teeth on the outer margin and with a single tooth on the THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Or SN) inner margin; inferior claw without teeth, the inner margin broadly, roundly, dilated; tibiz with two tenant hairs ; body dilute black ; antennee, legs, and furcula, dirty white ; manu- brium scarcely extending beyond the apex of the abdomen ; body long and slender; antenne not longer than the head. Hab- itat—Dover, Massachusetts (A. P. Morse), and Ithaca, New Wiener eeererist Krol). ss. . 3. ie a eeearara,, DSP. Mucro with two teeth, the first horizontal, the second vertical, of the — same length as the first ; furcula not reaching the ventral tube ; dentes slightly longer than the manubrium ; superior claw with- out a tooth on the outer margin, and with a single tooth on the inner margin ; inferior claw without teeth, and not dilated on the inner margin ; body, legs, antennz, and furcula, white ; manubrium not extending beyond the apex of the abdomen ; antenne of the same length as the head. Habitat—Maine and MPASSAGHMGCELStaart silt i, ss. i + wis te SS aie eek oats.) PACK: 25. Dentes and manubrium subequal in length; furcula not attaining the ventral tube; superior claw without teeth on the outer margin, and with a single tooth on the inner margin ; inferior claw without teeth, the inner margin not dilated; mucro with three teeth, all in the same line, the first terminal, minute, vertical, and forming a distinct hook; the second and third as Jong as the mucro is wide, and pointing cephalad; body, antennz, and legs blackish-purple ; furcula white; antennz short, hardly as long as the head, the fourth segment longer than the three basal segments combined. Habitat—Salineville, OTT iar ee ek ee Rs ae | Bae Onan pCR TS), Denies more than twice as long as Hid rier meee furcula attaining the ventral tube ; mucro with three teeth, the first long, distinctly hooked, not extending dorsad beyond the middle of the second tooth ; the second long, pointed, broad at base, about as long as the mucro is wide, and pointing dorsad ; the third cephalad of the second, about half as Jarge, and extending dorso-ventrad ; superior claw without teeth on the outer margin, and with a single tooth on the inner margin ; inferior claw without teeth, the inner margin greatly dilated; body, legs, antenne, and furcula, snuff-yellow ; antennze about twice as long as the head. In determining this species great care will need to be taken, or THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. \ the tocth on the inner margin of the superior claw will be over- looked; it is very faint, scarcely perceptible in some cases. The type specimens of /sofoma Wadkerii appear to be lost. There is nothing in the description of Wa/kerii to hinder its being united with Jsotoma Jleonina. The only definite characters given in the description of Wadkerii are a comparison of the lengths of the segments of the antenne. Specimens that are undoubtedly J/eoniuza, and compared with the types of that species, do not differ from the description of Wadkerit. A very common species under the bark of recently felled trees. Habitat—Massachusetts (Packard) ; Ithaca, New Vork Oo R eae ate hc ae) os ll One 26. Tibiz without tenant hairs ; superior claw without teeth on the outer margin, and a single tooth on the inner margin ; inferior claw with a tooth on the inner margin ; mucro with three teeth—the first forming a blunt, subhorizontal, obliquely rounded end ; the second and third of the same length, about as long as the mucro is wide; the third tooth in a higher plane than the second ; furcula not attaining the ventral tube; dentes longer than the manubrium ; body black, paler at apices of the seg- ments ; antenn dirty white; legs and furcula white ; antenne as long as the head. Habitat—Salineville, Ohio. . odso/eta,n.sp. . Tibi with tenant hairs... .05 26. bos . oss seeds pe ee 27. Mucro with three teeth—the first long, distant from the second, and making a distinct vertical hook ; the second of the same length as the first, vertical, and in the same line; the third smaller than the second, and not in the same line ; furcula attaining the ventral tube ; dentes twice the length of the manubrium ; superior claw without teeth on the outer margin, and a single tooth on the inner margin ; inferior claw greatly dilated at base, dilation squarely interrupted at middle, and with a distinct tooth on the outer angle of the dilation ; tibiz with two tenant hairs ; body and antennz black, paler at the juncture of the segments ; legs dirty white, blackish at base; furcula white ; antenne slightly longer than the head; a bristle at the apex of the dentes extends beyond the apex of the mucro. Habitat— Dover, Massachusetts (A. P. Morse)... ....deferminata, N. sp. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. yt Mucro with three teeth, the first horizontal, short, the second and third long and slender, vertical, about as long as the first, and as long as the mucro is wide ; furcula not attaining the ventral tube; dentes slightly longer than the manubrium ; body and antenne grayish-yellow ; legs and furcula white; antenne slightly longer than the head. Habitat—Salineville, Ohio. SETS ae ao «isi Seem eee wes PAE, NI S6), 28. Inferior cat with a tooth on aie INET MARCIA iGo riates it oo 2 Oe Inferior claw without teeth, the inner margin dilated at ee superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and another on the inner margin ; mucro with three teeth, the first and third of about the same length, the first forming a distinct hook, the second half as long again as either the first or third, all vertical ; furcula attaining the ventral tube ; the dentes more than twice as long as the manubrium ; body and antenne black ; legs and fureula brownish-white ; antennz longer than the head, the segments long and slender. Habitat—Ithaca, New York. . speciosa, n. sp. Zo. Mucro. with: four teeth.......... - : ue SO. Mucro with five teeth, site first on area one- hich fhe ieneeh of the second, the second and third subequal, vertical, as long as the mucro is wide, the fourth shorter than the third and cephalad of it, the fifth very small and laterad of the fourth 3. superior claw with a tooth on the outer and inner margins ; inferior claw with a tooth on the inner margin ; furcula reaching the second abdominal segment; dentes distinctly longer than the manubrium ; ocelli fourteen, seven on each side of the head; body griseo-violaceous ; antenne about as long as the head, the last segment longest, slightly arcuate. Habitat—St. Lawrence Island, Behring Sea. fe Sijst as EA eemmecess: Reuter: 30. Mucro with the first tooth Echac, prominent > 32s ABMie Mucro with four teeth, the first minute, at the base of the oat the second long, curved, the third and fourth opposite, of the same length as the second ; furcula long, reaching the ventral tube : dentes more than twice the length of the manubrium ; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and another on the inner margin ; inferior claw dilated at base and with a tooth on the inner margin ; body and antenne blackish; furcula and legs * Species not seen. 56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. white ; body, legs, and antenne, densely hairy ; antennz longer than the head. Habitat—Washington, D. C. aioe Banks)... sais txt j eee . .capitola, N. sp. 31. First tooth oh mucro shanter fee he decor if as Jong, subhori- zontal. a NE a ; raat ance ee First tooth ae mucro as diodes as ae econa! Soins aeer: pandags and as long as the mucro is wide, the third and fourth subequal, opposite, and smaller than the second; the furcula attaining the ventral tube ; manubrium elongate ; dentes twice as long as the manubrium ; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and another on the inner margin ; inferior claw dilated, with a tooth on the inner margin; body and antenne black and pur- plish ; legs and furcula brownish; antenne paler at base, longer than the head. Habitat—Ithaca, New York, and Salineville, Ohio. phe 5 ee nigra, D. sp. 32. Furcula adi ainiie the ential Mabe : ; septesst twice as eee as the manu- -brium ; mucro.with four teeth, the first small, subhorizontal, and an a distinct hook, the first and third of the same length, the second one-half longer than the third, as long as the mucro is wide, the first, second and third in the same line, vertical, the fourth slightly longer than the third, and pointing slightly caudad ; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and another on the inner margin ; inferior claw dilated at base, with a tooth on the inner margin at middle; antennz and body black; legs and furcula dirty white; antennee of the same length as the head. Habitat——Ithaca, New York, and Salinevilie, Ohio. SER eter. 2 ee a ey. Furcula vee not attaining the Sentfal tuber acre longer than the manubrium ; mucro with four teeth, the first small, not minute, forming, a vertical hook at apex, the second and third of the same length, about as long as the mucro is wide, one cephalad of the other, the fourth smaller than the third, and placed laterad of it; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and another on the inner margin; inferior claw dilated at base, in- terrupted at middle, outer angle of dilation with a tooth ; body greenish-white, washed wish purplish in places ; antenne green- ish-white; apices of segments purplish; legs and _ furcula white; antenne longer than the head. Habitat — Beverly, Massachusetts (A. P. Morse)............ ...7aderaria, 0. sp. ° on ~I THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 33. Inner margin of inferior claw with a tooth ......... a ae Inner margin of inferior claw not with 2 tooth, nferle? cae two- thirds the length of the superior claw; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and two on the inner margin ; mucro with two teeth, the first forming a distinct vertical hook, the first and second subequal in length, about as iong as the mucro is wide ; furcula reaching to near the ventral tube ; manubrium and dentes subequal in length; body greenish-white, the sides and margins of the segments washed with purplish; legs and furcula white ; antennz of the same colour as the body; apices of the segments ringed with purplish, longer than the head. This species wil! be easily recognized by the great length of the inferior claw; in all the other species examined the inferior claw is not more than half as long as the superior claw. Habitat— Agricultural College, Mississippi (H. E. Weed)../ougipenna, n. sp. 34. Mucro with three teeth, the first long, forming a distinct, hook, the second and third of the same length, opposite, and about as long as the mucro is wide ; furcula long, attaining the ventral tube; dentes more than twice as long as the manubrium ; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and two on the inner margin; inferior claw with inner margin somewhat dilated at middle, with a vertical tooth; antenne not quite twice as long as the head ; eye spots black............... 36. Mucro with four teeth, the first minute, at the base of the second, the second long, forming a hook, the third and fourth opposite, of the same length as the second, about as long as the mucro is wide ; furcula attaining the ventral tube; dentes more than twice as long as the manubrium ; superior claw with a tooth on the outer margin and two on the inner margin ; inferior claw with a tooth on the dilated inner margin ; antenne longer than the head, purplish at apex; eye spots black ; body densely covered with long bristles, one or two on each segment much longer than.the others:.........: pete st 35. 35. Body and legs uniformly grayish-white. ‘Oaninan Gider ae among the droppings of boring beetles. | Habitat—Salem, Massa- chusetts prema Brazos i Texas (Nathan Banks); Ithaca, New York. RE Sw 5h Exetinils Sq SP OMCDs) neck. Body white, the (ae harked wil a Bisa transverse band of purplish or blue, mottled with paler. Habitat—Franconia, New Hampshire (Mrs. A. ‘Trumbull Slosson).. ¢7auca montana, n. var. 58 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 36. Body yellowish-fuscous, purplish or black without a median black line Re EP te ee een Wem yo os At Body in great part greenish-yellow with a distinct median black line. Habitat—Europe; Massachusetts (Packard); White Mountains, New Hampshire (Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slosson); Long Island (Nathan Banks); Virginia (Wm. D. Richardson); Ithaca, New Work eb le ee a 5 re Nic. Dorsum, except a few yellowish dots, entirely fuscous. The Massa- chusetts specimens of /sotoma tricolor, together with /sotoma Belfragett, purpurescens and plumbea, belong to viridis, Bourlet. Habitat—Europe ; Massachusetts, and Waco, Texas (Packard); Brazos County, Texas (Nathan Banks); Beverly, Massachusetts (A. P. Morse); California (Schott); Ithaca, New EV i Nasa eee eRe ile et ee oe em Seelo = _..... viridis, Bourlet. Dorsum distinctly marked with yellowish....-.--.+-2+++ss008 38. 38. Yellowish with a distinctly marked wide transverse black band on each segment. Habitat—Boreal Europe. . *yiridis cincta, Tullb- Yellowish, but not with such a band.......-. ++ ++ +-e+er0 52 2239- 39. Each segment marked at middle with a loop-shaped mark, the sides of the closed end more distant than those of the open end ; the open end at the cephalic end of each segment ; the closed end sometimes interrupted ; the, sides of the segments prominently figured with black. Habitat— Boreal Ne RO MR eee eo yh Gmempe ES arctica, Schott. Each segment marked with three closed and united deltoid-shaped marks. Habitat — Agricultural College, Mississippi (H. E. Weed)...... es Se ecua cleave ve, -ULridis eli, Gems Species that could not be placed from lack of specimens and of figures of the claws and mucrones :— Tsotoma guadrioculata, Tullb.—“ Segmentum tertium abdomints, brevius quam quartum. in quo furcula inserta est. Ocelli 4; 2 tnutroque latere capitis. Dentes furcule manubris non longiores, recti; mucrones bidenticulati. Long, 1% mm.” Habitat—- Boreal Europe and America- 1872. Tullberg, Sveriges Podurider, p. 48. Tsotoma fimetaria, Linn.—* Segmentum tertium abdominis brevius guam quartum, im quo furcula inserta est. Ocelli nulli. Dentes furcule manubrio fere duplo longiores, recti ; mucrones bidenticulati. Long, I mm.” Habitat-—Boreal and Central Europe and Boreal America. 1872. Tullberg, Sveriges Podurider, p. 48. On ~I * Species not seen. Mailed February 3rd, 1896. CAN, EnT., Vou. XXVIII, PLATE 2. THE CABBAGE CURCULIO (CEUTORHYNCHUS RAPAE, The a — Vor XXVIII LONDON, MARCH, 1896, t No. 3. CEUTORHYNCHUS NAPI OR CEUTORHYNCHUS RAPE, BY F, M. WEBSTER, WOOSTER, OHIO. In the report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1888, p. 136, Miss Mary E. Murtfeldt gives some notes on the development of Ceutorhynchus napi, Gyll., which had worked serious injury to cabbage in Missouri, the species having been determined, as stated by Miss Murtfeldt, by the late Dr. C. V. Riley, at that time United States Ento- mologist. Prior to the publication of Miss Murtfeldt’s notice, she had informed me of her “find,” and on my writing to ask her if there was not a mistake, and if she did not refer to xafe@, she replied that she, too, had not felt sure of the correctness of the determination until she had written Dr. Riley a second time with reference to the species, and the determina- tion had been reaffirmed. This appeared to settle the matter, and I was satisfied that #afz must be correct, though not before known to occur in North America. , In Bulletin 22, Division of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, p. 73, Miss Murtfeldt mentions Ceutorhynchus rapa, Gyll., but does not state whether or not it is the same insect that had been previously mentioned, and there is nothing to o imply that such was the case. In Bulletin 30, of the same series, p. 50, mention’ is’ again made of Ceutorhynchus rape, and this time ina manner ‘that might imply that 1 it was identical with zafz, but there is nothing ‘OBiinite tc to this effect, though a correction might have been made’ in either “this, or “the pines previously cited. Miss Murtfeldt #28 Clearly going by’ the information given her from the Department of Asriculture, ‘and | any errors in. that information would not-bé hers" Bat of! {heDWvisiohl6f Envaniology, whose place it was to maké- propePiobFeetidns OF Sach, EVeH tHOugtNeF a’ clerical nature, as a wiattero@f fpstide ta ele alan} Whd Wddked® to~ thé thell United States Watamorsalé x6 avlenaricy on saennttrarg! Cl 28 coloven Last Mayu tupéealved yous 4b bage! Pre Frony’ “MblitgonTeY County, Ohio, that Ware’ being dedtro¥ed by th AA OPO MO TH geet biirreWe 60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOZLCGIST. ing in the stem, especially in the upper portion thereof. I found the larve difficult to rear in confinement, and only succeeded in securing one adult from plants removed to the insectary June 14. Correctly suppos- ing that I was dealing with the same species as had Miss Murtfeldt, and overlooking her note in Bulletin 30, I presented the matter in my ‘“‘Notes of the year in Ohio,” at the last meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists, under the name C. zapi, Gyll., coupled with the statement that it was not in Henshaw’s lists, and in this condition my paper was placed in the hands of the Secretary for publication. My single speci- men, reared from affected plants, did not exactly correspond with my specimens of 7vap@, and remembering the double determination by Dr. Riley for Miss Murtfeldt, and also not at the time having access to the latter’s note in Bulletin 30, was led to a conclusion that was, perhaps, not justified, and under different circumstances would not have been arrived at by myself. I had no description of za@gz and a very poor one of rapa, but the work of my larvee corresponded so exactly with that ascribed to the former species, in Europe, as given in Bargagla’s Rassegna Biologica di Rincofori Europei, that I was still further misled. Before my note went to press, however, I was informed that the old determination of C. zagz had been found incorrect, that the species was C. rape, as was probably true of mine. I submitted my single speci- men to Mr. Howard, the present U.S. Entomologist, with the request — that, if it turned out to be C. vafe@, my note should be changed in the proof to correspond thereto. This was all very kindly done, so far as the specific name was concerned (See Bulletin No. 2, New Series, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, p. 90), but, unfor- tunately, the statement that ‘the species is not yet included in Mr. Henshaw’s lists of North America Coleoptera,” and which was not, intended to apply to C. raf@ at all, but to C., zap, was, through an oversight, allowed to stand, thus placing me in a position that demands an explanation, and which is, here and for this reason, given. C. zapié is not yet known to occur in America. In the accompanying plate illustrating the development of Cezfo- rhynchus rape, the adult is shown, dorsal view at A, lateral view at B, the larva C, excavation in affected plant in which one or more larve may develop at D. The drawings were made by Miss Detmers, under my supervision, and developed at the Department of Agriculture, the electro- type being kindly furnished me by Mr. L. O. Howard. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 61 To Miss Murtfeldt belongs the credit of working out the life-history so far as this is now known, my own observations being only supplemen- tary. Miss M. records the occurrence of larvz, supposedly belonging to this species, in early spring burrowing in the stems of pepper-grass (Lepidium virginicum),and also in the same plant in July, thereby implying at least two annual broods. The injury to cabbage, as observed by her, appears to have been confined to early plants either in hotbeds or soon after having been removed therefrom. In the case of the Ohio outbreak, the attack was among young plants started late for fall and winter use. My attention was not called to the exact trouble until June 4, and both larve and adults were taken from these plants July 18, so that I seemed to have been dealing with the second brood. ‘The plants were growing on low ground bordering on a pasture, and the latitude was nearly the same as that of Kirkwood, Missouri, where Miss Murtfeldt’s studies were carried on. It is, of course, quite possible that the period of oviposition is protracted, and that I was dealing only with the latter part of the first brood. REMARKABLE WORK OF INSECTS. At the meeting (of February 3rd) of the Academy of Science, of St. Louis, Mo. (President Gray in the chair), Mr. Trelease exhibited several specimens, about three feet square, of a curious silk tapestry, taken from the ceiling of a corn-storing loft in San Luis Potosi, Mexico, by Dr. Francis Eschauzier, stating that he was informed that the larger specimen had been cut from a continuous sheet over twenty yards wide and about four times as long. The specimens,of a nearly white colour, and of much the appearance and feeling of a soft tanned piece of sheepskin, were shown to be composed of myriads of fine silken threads, crossing and recrossing at every conceivable angle, and so producing a seemingly homogeneous texture. Although specimens of the creatures by which they are produced had not been secured, it was stated that there was no doubt that these tapestries are the work of lepidopterous larve which feed upon grain, the presumption being that they are made by the larve of what has been called the Mediterranean Grain or Flour Moth (Ephestia Kiihniella). The speaker briefly reviewed the history of this insect and its injuriousness in various parts of the werld, and quoted from a report of Dr. Bryce, showing that in Canada, where it became established in 188g, ‘“‘ a large warehouse, some 25 feet wide, 75 feet long, and four stories high, became literally alive with moths in the short course of six months.” WILLIAM TRELEASE, Recording Secretary. 62 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A FEW NEW SPIDERS. BY NATHAN BANKS, SEA CLIFF, N. Y. Micaria gentilis, n. sp. Length, 3.6 mm.; ceph.: long, 1.4 mm.; broad, 1 mm. Cephalo- thorax, sternum, femora i. and 11, blackish; rest of legs i. and ii. pale yellowish ; legs ili. and iv. yellow-brown, the femora scarcely darker ; abdomen black above, with a narrow white band across the middle and a white spot on each anterior lower side; venter pale. Cephalothorax broad, in ¢ a little narrower ; posterior row of eyes procurved, the P. M. E. oval, fully their diameter apart, and about as far from the P. S. E.; anterior row strongly procurved, the A. M. E. fully their diameter apart, and about as far from the larger A. S. E. Sternum oval, pointed behind ; legs of moderate length, femora i. and ii. stouter than others, femora 11. slightly excised before the tip behind. Abdomen not constricted, quite broad, somewhat depressed, epigynum appearing much like JZ. montana, Em., but the openings are farther apart and more oblique. Tibia of ¢ palpus has short projection at tip on the outer side ; the bulb is triangular in side view, the red parallel marks are along the outer edge ; near the middle is a short tube. Several specimens from Franconia, N. H. [Mrs. Annie T. Slosson]. Related to AZ. perfecta from Colorado, but larger and with a broader sternum. Scius montanus, N. sp. Length, 2.1 mm.; ceph.: long, 1 mm.; broad, .6 mm. Jet black, shining, almost coppery ; extreme tips of palpi, tips of maxillz, a spot on each coxa and trochanter, and an elongate spot on the femur, pale; the tarsi infuscated; pale dots on legs at origin of hairs. Cephalothorax long, moderately low, nearly flat, sides almost parallel. Eye region one- third broader than long, occupying not much over one-third of the cephatothorax; a trifle broader in front than behind; eyes of second row full as. close to the dorsal eyes as to lateral eyes; A. M. E. large, distinctly separated, plainly farther from the S. E. Sternum one-fourth longer than broad, broadest in middle, pointed behind, truncate in front ; cox i. separated by full width of lip; legs short, fourth pair longest, femora i. thicker than others; only a few indistinct spines, those on metatarsi iv. are at apex. Abdomen barely wider than cephalothorax and but little longer, pointed behind. Body and legs clothed with scattered black hairs. The ¢ palpi short, the tibia with a short process on the ee eee THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 63 outer side, twice as long as wide, and appressed to the tarsus so as to be hardly visible except in side view; palpal organ very large, with the lower part full and extended over the base of the tibia ; on the outer side near tip is a crescent-shaped yellowish mark; the bulb is small and on one side, and is tipped with a minute spine-like tube. One ¢, Mt. Washington, N. H. [Mrs. Annie T. Slosson]. A very distinct little species, and doubtless peculiar to mountains. Dismodiscus alpinus, n. sp. Length, 2 mm. Cephalothorax pale yellowish, blackish around eyes, sternum infuscated, abdomen dark gray, legs almost white. Structure somewhat like Zoph. decem-oculatum, Em., with a large lobe on the clypeus as in that species, but the lobe on the head is higher, narrower, rounded above, not bilobed, clothed with short hairs on top and in front, and rises suddenly from the surface of the cephalothorax in front and behind; the P. M. E. are on the cephalothorax at its base, and not on the lobe ; the holes are in a large groove on each side. The posterior row of eyes is straight, equal in size, the P. M. E. fully as far from each other as from the S, E.; the anterior row is slightly recurved, the A. M. E. very small and close together. Sternum but little longer than broad, truncate at base, pointed behind, sides rounded. Legs slender, a spine above on patella and two on tibia iv., tarsus 1. plainly shorter than the metatarsus. The tibia of the ¢ palpus has above two short spines and two projections at its tip, the outer one the broader and pale, the inner one more pointed and reddish ; the palpus is barrel-shaped, the tube going once around the tip as in Diplostyla; there is a large curved hook at base. One ¢, Mt. Washington [Mrs. A. T. Slosson]. Although this species docs not strictly agree with Simon’s description of the genus Dismodiscus, I believe it should go here, as also Loph. decem-oculatum, Em. The best character for the genus to me is the clypeal lobe. Dicyphus, Menge, which Simon unites to Gonatium, I would agree with Kulezynski in keeping as a separate genus, and closely related to Dismodiscus. The head of the ¢ has a lobe above which does not bear the P. M. E.; there is no clypeal lobe. I have seen two species from the United States, the first of which has much affinity with the type of the genus, D. bituberculatus. Dicyphus bilobatus, n. sp. Length, ¢,2 mm. Cephalothorax orange, a little black around the 64 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. eyes, the lobe on top yellow, a black line from the hole on each side ; abdomen blackish above and below, the spinnerets pale, sternum yel- lowish, legs and palpi pale, clothed with fine hairs. Just behind the eyes is a large bilobed body with a hole at base each side ; seen from above each lobe is elliptical, and scarcely twice as long as broad, shorter than in D. bituberculatus. Posterior row of eyes nearly straight ; P. M. E. once and a half their diameter apart, slightly farther from the S. E.; A. M. E. very small and about touching. Sternum as broad as long, triangular ; legs moderately long, no spines above on tibia, tarsus 1. shorter than metatarsus. The tibia of ¢ palpus has a long projection above near tip, much as in D. ditubercudatus, but it is more slender, more straight and but little curved at tip ; on the outer side of tibia is a very small hook-shaped appendage ; the tube is moderately long, bent in the middle, and the tip supported by a hyaline sheath. The palpi are comparatively small. Two males, one from a deep swamp near Ithaca, N. Y., the other from Olympia, Wash. {Trevor Kincaid]. Dicyphus trilobatus, n. sp. Length, ¢, 2 mm. Cephalothorax yellow-brown, black about the eyes, lobe yellow ; abdomen black, with a few light cross-lines near tip ; sternum and venter black ; the spinnerets pale; legs and palpi yellowish, a little brown on the cox. Posterior row of eyes straight; P. M. E. twice their diameter apart, much closer to the S, E,; A. M. E. close together, not so very much smaller than the S. E. Just behind the eyes is a large triangular flat body, trilobed in front, the lobes of about equal size. ‘The sternum is broad, projecting between the hind coxe, the sides rounded. Legs moderately long, hairy, no spines on tibie. The ¢ palpi are long and slender, the tibia has above a large bifid process ; there are two tube-like pieces : one, starting from near the middle of the bulb, bends out and then toward the tip of the palpus ; the other, starting from near the inner tip of bulb, extends toward the base of thie first one ; on the outer side there is a quite prominent pale-coloured projection—it is somewhat like a sheath or support for the tube. One specimen from Ithaca, N. Y. The genous Erigonoplus has the head lobed as in the preceding genera, but differs from them at once in having the anterior metatarsi of the male swollen. THK CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 65 Erigonoplus gigas, n. sp. Length, 2.2 mm. Cephalothorax yellowish, black around the eyes and on the clypeus ; legs and palpi pale, patelle of legs a little darker ; abdomen blackish, with narrow pale chevrons above, spinnerets pale ; sternum yellow-brown. Head broad and swoilen in front; posterior row of eyes slightly procurved ; P. M. E. nearly twice their diameter apart, Hbout.as far from S. E.; A. M. E. far in front of P. M. E., small and close together. Behind the eyes there is a small, low, yellow body, trilobed in front and with a smaller lobe on each side. ‘The legs are long and hairy, without spines above; metatarsi i. much enlarged in the middle, fusiform. The sternum is short, pointed between the hind coxe, fully as broad at coxe ii. as in front. The tibia of the ¢ palpus has on the outer tip a short, stout projection ; a large hook across basal part of bulb with a projection outward from it; the tube starts from near the middle, curves along the bulb to the tip, then extends outward and curving, so as to nearly form: a square. One male irom a deep and cold swamp near Ithaca, N. Y. (May). A REPLY CONCERNING NOCTUA AND AGROTIS. BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, A. M., HILDESHEIM, GERMANY. Prof. John B. Smith on page 8 of this volume criticizes my rejection of the terms WVoctua and Noctuide and says: ‘I state my own knowl- edge as follows: In Scudder’s ‘Nomenclator’ we find “ Noctua, Klein, Moll., 1753. Noctua, Fabr., Lep., 1776. Noctua, Sav., Aves., 1809. Noctuz, Linn., Lep., 1758.” I may say, that were this ‘‘ knowledge” the utmost we could attain to, my statement that ‘‘ Noctua is preoccupied in the Birds” wouid be justified. The term ‘‘ Noctuz, Linn.,” 1758, is, according to Prof. Smith, to be rejected and the generic term is to be credited to Fabricius, although Guenée and others write ‘‘ Noctua, Linn.,” so that the date 1758 would be ruled out. The citation “ Noctua, Fabr.,” 1776, if looked up, would show that it represents a bare name, and therefore [see Comstock’s observations | this would also fall. We would then come to Savigny, 1809, and this would be the proper use under the rules, according to the * Nomenclator” as cited by Smith, of the name ‘“ Noctua.” But while Prof. Smith’s knowledge, as above stated, justifies me, it is not final. , 66 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Prof. Comstock finds that Fabricius in 1792 uses ‘‘ Noctua” for 380 species, and this is not in the ‘‘ Nomenclator.” More than this, I have found that Fabricius uses the term “ Noctua” for 309 species already in the Mantissa, 1787.* So that we are getting more light and more facts, and it may be that my rejection, although warranted by the “‘Nomenclator,” may have to be reconsidered. But there remains the fact that the type is unknown [pending what we may hope to hear from Mr. Kirby’s researches| and, also, that no author is obliged to use a generic term which has not a properly designated type. In this case I have shown at least the necessity for reviewing Guenée’s statement, that zs genus ‘“‘ Noctua” is a proper restriction of the Linnean term. And now as to Agroftis and Prof. Smith’s statements on page 6. He does not quote my full text on p. 16 of the Bremen List, where I show that he copies the sense and as near as may be my words as to the char- acters on which we may divide the genus, without any acknowledgment. He excuses the omission now by the “bald statement” that the contents of my paper} were not ‘‘in any sense of the word original,” and that Lederer used the characters in his work on ‘‘the European Noctuids so long ago as 1857.” This is the first I have heard that Lederer had worked up the American Agrotids; it would have spared me much trouble had it been so. In reality Lederer only discusses the European species, and my work on the American and my suggestions as to the characters to be found serviceable was in so far original. But the state- ment that the characters proposed and observed by me were not “original” seems incorrect. First: Lederer does not propose to use the unarmed fore tibia as an excluding character. He alternates groups of the species with armed and unarmed tibiew.{ So that I should have been credited for this original suggestion. Second: I am the first to discover the tuberculate front in Agrotis; this discovery is ‘ original” and it does not detract from its originality that I only applied Carneades to the two species which I examined and only could examine at the time of my dis- covery, I being then very ill and having parted with my collection. That some of the European species probably have the tuberculate front is implied by Prof. Smith when suggesting that Cera should replace Carneades. But Lederer does not mention the clypeal tubercle or elevation at all. * Grote, Die Apateliden, Mitt. Roem. Mus. San., 1896. + CAN. ENT., XV., 51, 1883. { Lederer, Syst. Noct., p. 81. I have constantly in my writirgs given Lederer every credit for his observations on the characters in this family. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 67 THE COLEOPTERA OF CANADA. BY H. F. WICKHAM, IOWA CITY, IOWA. XV. THE CHRYSOMELID£ OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC. The above family is of immense extent and attains, in the tropics, a considerable development in the size of its members, though not equalling in this respect its wood-eating neighbours, the Cerambycidz. Towards the north, many groups fade out entirely and the large or gaily-coloured species*decrease in number. Nevertheless, the representation in Canada is quite considerable, and since many of the species are closely allied and separate with some difficulty, while tables of genera are widely scattered, or, in many cases, not readily accessible, it has been deemed worth while to bring together the salient characters by means of which the collector in Eastern Canada may hope to identify his captures. According to the classification followed in this country, the members of the family agree in these points: The tarsi are broad, spongy beneath, the fourth and fifth joints being so closely anchylosed as to give the appearance of but four joints ; the head has the front smail and oblique, the antennz are moderate or short and not inserted upon frontal prominences. The prothorax is most frequently margined and the tibial spurs usually wanting. A few exceptions occur to each of the above characters, but most of the Chrysomelidze may easily be recognized at sight by their resemblance to a few common types, such as Donacia, Cryptocephalus, Chrysochus, Chrysomela, Galeruca, Haltica, Micro- rhopala and Cassida. There is, however, no uniformity of family habitus, as many of the Cassidini are extremely broad and flattened, while the Cryptocephalini are occasionally nearly globular. All of the Chrysomelids may be said to be vegetable feeders, and most of them are to be found in every stage upon the leaves, in the stems or about the roots of their food-plants. The larve are not ofa very uniform type of structure, but are modified to suit their particular habits of life. Most of those that feed freely upon the surface of leaves are of rather heavy, subcylindrical or subglobular form and slow in movement. A good example of this type is to be seen in the young of the Colorado potato-beetle. Other leaf-eating larve, such as those of Coptocycla and its allies, are flattened and curiously armed with spines or covered with a coat of their own excrement. ‘The leaf-mining or stem-boring kinds are usually of more slender, elongate shape and without the conspicuous 68 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ornamentation displayed by so many of the free-feeding forms. A few are case-bearers and occur either at large on their food-plants or in nests of ants; to this category belong Coscinoptera and Chlamys. The larva of Chlamys plicata occurs commonly on grasses in the Lake Superior district, carrying its little case about and protruding only the front part of the body when feeding or crawling. When the inhabitant is ready to pupate, the open end of the case is sealed to a blade of grass and the transformations take place within. The economic importance of the group has been recognized by all Entomologists, and certain species claim their share of our crops from year to year in spite of the constant war waged against them. The imported elm-leaf beetle, the Colorado potato-beetle, the corn-root worm, and the striped cucumber-beetle are only a few of the many injurious Chrysomelide which have to be fought each year in the regions which they infest. Secondary sexual characters are to be found in the antenne, the tarsi, the claws, and the ventral abdominal segments of many species, and are often of great value in the separation of otherwise almost indis- tinguishable forms. ‘These will be referred to in the proper places when necessary for identification. On account of the great size of the family, it seems best to avoid a long, complicated generic table by the adoption of the groups indicated in the Leconte and Horn “Classification.” Each tribe will be taken up . by itself and the genera contained in it separated by a table. A slight modification of the tabular synopsis presented in the work ap EYE cited may be used to advantage as follows :— A. Outline of body elliptical or nearly circular; prothorax and elytra with broad expanded margins, head concealed.... XI. Cassidint. AA. Outline of body variable, prothorax and elytra without broad ex- panded margins. Head usually plainly visible from above. b. Front of head inflexed, mouth inferior, body wedge-shaped, broad-and truncate’ behind.) v.09 eee X. Hispint. bb. Front of head not inflexed, mouth anterior. c. Last dorsal abdominal segment not exposed, middle ventral segments not narrowed. d. Prothorax usually margined. e. Antenne approximate at base; front coxe conical and prominent:,.. 3.50. s. &. 9 LoS ne THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 69 ee. Antenne widely separated at base. Front cox transverse, third tarsal joint usually MMC. oi 2 u,v iets eee LLL Chr psomelene. Front coxe rounded, third tarsal joint bilobed . ign aeeaa VEL Au molpiz: dd. Prothorax not Pacained at Bice: f. First ventral about as long or somewhat shorter ee the two following. Claws een elytra punctato- striate. oon iopeae TIL. Criocerinz. Claws see or noted elytra pineuires . SUMP CULAL si. 2.5 we Saco I. Sagrint. ff. First ventral about as tonee as atl the Btn united. . Boos ssl a tg ee lL. Donaciini. cc. Last dorsal phneotival segment : eepOReeh declare: Form of body robust, compact, subcylindrical. g. Surface of body coarsely tuberculate above. oes ins ei ee oC RLam ua Enz. gg. Surface of pede not ibencutatee Prosternum not separating front cox; antenne Shane ane SeITAate . . .. cin as oe eel Ve CL PLAT IE Prosternum extending between front coxe, antennz usually long and slender. .... VI. Cryptocephalinti. The Roman numerals before each tribal name show the order in which they are taken up in the following pages. Trise I.—DoNACcIINI. Contains two genera, which are composed of very neat, graceful and usually active species, found on or about such aquatic or subaquatic plants as water-lilies, arrowheads (Sagittaria), pond-weed, and various sedges. ‘They have a habitus peculiarly their own, which if once ap- preciated renders their future recognition easy at a glance. The head and thorax are narrower than the elytra, which are attenuated toward the tip—sometimes almost triangularly so. The antennz are rather long, extending back beyond the base of the thorax ; the under surface of the body is finely pubescent. In colour most of the species are metallic, varying to blue or green, though a few are testaceous, at least in part. Pepe assiae: AEN al alas doo. ace ee ee ed oe oes Donacia. Elytra distinctly spinose at tip ............ .........-AMemonia, 70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Donacia, Fabr. Numerous Canadian species are known, which, from their general — uniformity of appearance, are often difficult to identify. Careful attention to the points recently elaborated by Mr. Chas. W. Leng, and published by him in a late paper on the genus, should result in correct names, however. The following table is based on that of Mr. Leng, though I have changed the arrangement somewhat, in order the sooner to eliminate the more easily recognized species :— A. Head, thorax and elytra pubescent. .40-.44 in. pubic Suffr. A A. Head and thorax pubescent, elytra glabrous. .36-.44 in. By adh Bt ste . hirticollis, Kirby. AAA. Head sometimes, Ropar aha lelytra never, ., pubestenes b. Elytra distinctly rounded at tip ; form convex. c. Thorax mares no median nor basal line. 124—. 32's nh eee : . pusilla, Say. cc. Thorax convex, basal ne disanee ‘empties one usually so. d. Legs dark ; body usually metallic blue. .24—.28 in. a. DE .emarginata, Kirby. dd. Legs reddish- EGibw. Boa ueitaile copper-bronzed. Thorax thickly punctured. .28—.36 in. favzpes, Say. Thorax sparsely punctured. .26-.30 in...rufa, Say. bb. Elytra truncate or subtruncate at tip. e. Middle coxz separated by about their own width; body broad, distinctly flattened above. f. Second and third wae of antenne nearly equal. 228,44 mre 2S. She .cincticornis, Newm. ff. Third joint oo: antenne - ie ‘iosteae than second. | Elytra truncate at tip. First ventral ¢ simple. GO AA YMES T2525. te . .palmata, Oliv. Elytra Subwinincate at ran Finse ventral ¢ witha pit at middle. .26—.40 in. .. piscatrix, Lac. ee. Middle cox separated by less iiaet eS own width. Body usually convex above, narrower than in preced- ing group. g. Prothorax scarcely tuberculate at sides, surface with coarse uniform punctures. 28—.AA IN ees es ve ole ve oss © vile SOULE tall y “a . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 71 gg. Prothorax tuberculate at sides, disk uneven. Sutural margin of elytra not sinuate, disk with two transverse indentations. .22-.28 in..aeguwadis,Say. Sutural margin of See sinuate near the tip. es eee ahi aie ao.drstineta,. LEC It will be noted that several of the names on the Gasiwtlini list do not appear in the above table. These have been reduced to synonymy by Mr. Leng, as follows: D. cuprea becomes pusilla, D. rugifrons eee ed to emarginata, D. jucunda to flavipes, and D. Kirbyi to rufa. Both proxima and magnifica are considered by him to “rank only as varieties of cimcticornis, proxima having the prothorax punctate only at base and apex, while in magnifica it is coarsely punctured over the whole surface. He reduces (with an expression of doubt) ¢orosa to a varietal form of adistincta, from which it differs by Dr. Leconte’s description in being of a blackish-violet colour and in having the pro- thorax somewhat elongate, while the same author describes his distincta as coppery, with the thorax quadrate. It is a matter of remark that Mr. Crotch should have placed these forms in different and apparently well-founded divisions in his synopsis, while Mr. Leng thinks them only varietal. Fig. 4 shows the form of body common in the genus. ; BIG 4: H-monia, Latr. The only North American species is AW. 2igricornis, Kirby, which M fo ? -resembles a small Dozacia in form. Beneath, the body is blackish, the upper surface and the legs are reddish-yellow. The head, antenne and tarsi are dark. The elytra are marked with ten long rows of punctures and a shorter one near the suture at base. Length, .20-.28 in. It is said to occur on Potamogeton. TriBE II.—SaGRINI. The few species comprised in this group are remarkable for the plasticity of their characters and the difficulty of accurately defining their limits of variation. They are of small or moderate size and agree in having strongly punctured elytra, which are wider than the thorax. The mouth is rather prominent, the eyes very convex, giving the head a width 72 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. about equal to that of the thorax. The antennz are moderately distant at base. The armature of the thorax will serve to differentiate the Canadian genera thus :— Sides of prothorax much rounded and rather suddenly narrowed be- hind, giving a somewhat bell-shaped appearance.....Ovrsodachna. Sides of thorax with large,distinct tubercle; small species. Zeugophora. Sides of thorax broadly angulate, more or less distinctly three- toothed s larger species eno e ek onc cee ede ae Syneta. OrsoDaAcHNA, Latr. A single species of extreme variability (O. atra, Ahr. ), belongs here. It is common on willow blossoms in spring, several colour-varieties often occurring together on the same tree. All intergrades are known, from entirely blackish individuals, through forms in which the thorax becomes red, with or without a central dark spot, to those with vittate elytra or even of an almost uniform testaceous. From the notes of Dr. Horn, the following key has been constructed as a guide to the best-marked varieties, but it must be borne in mind that numerous intergradations will be met with, not referable to any of these :-— A. Elytra blackish. Thorax blackish, legs dark. . wasaie see bic} Sond et tte he ee Thorax blackish, tibiz and iia testaceous:....7. tibialis, Kirby. Thorax reddish, with central dark spot............ luctuosa, Lec. Thorax entirely redv...... 2a). eae oe AA. Elytra vittate or spotted. Elytra dark, each with narrow yellow stripe.. : . tee . .vittata, Say. Elytra yellawiens "with siniteat rel lateral dark SEMPS cca FOS wie at olla are aaa . trivittata, Lac. Elytra dark, with humeral and apical yellow spot (Bigs 5) ecg es Ws cic bs ces sien on CA/ eee In general, they agree in these characters: ‘The prothorax is some- what bell-shaped, rather coarsely punctured, less so at the sides; the elytra are broad at base and with numerous closely placed, rather coarse punctures which show some slight tendency to a serial arrangement. Sides of elytra nearly parallel to about the apical third, whence they are rounded to tip. Length, .16-.28 in. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ZEUGOPHORA, Kunze. Three are reported from Canada. They are small insects, somewhat of the form of Orsodachna, but proportionately snorter and more robust. The punctuation, especially of the elytra, is coarse and the prothorax has a large tubercle on each side. Z. abnormis, Lec., is black above, the antenne and gy legs red ; it reaches the length of .16 in. Z. varians, BrenGe Cr. (Fig. 6.), is a trifle smaller (.13—.14 in.), and rather prettily coloured, the thorax being mostly piceous above, with a yellowish, median stripe ; the elytra are dark around the margins, the disk being occupied by a large oval or somewhat heart-shaped yellowish spot. Specimens of Z. varians from the Pacific slope seem tolerably constant in having the median yellow stripe of the thorax obliterated and the sides more broadly pale, while the elytra have, in addition to the usual spot, a smaller common sutural one of the same colour, near the tip. This is connected with the anterior one by a narrow yellow line. Z. puderula, Cr., differs from varians in having the thorax entirely yellow, the elytral yellowish area ill-defined. The punctures are close together, the outer joints of the antenne black. A specimen has been sent from Toronto by Mr. Crew. SyNETA, Esch. Represented by S. ferruginea, Germ. (.30-.32 1n.), a yellowish or reddish-yellow beetle of rather coarse sculpture. The thorax is angulate, with three more or less well-marked teeth on each side. The elytra are marked with four coste of various degrees of distinctness. It is often beaten from hazel thickets. Trise IIJ.—CRI0CERINI. A few Canadian beetles of neat form and usually striking coloration belong here. The thorax is much narrower than the elytra, which are punctate in rows. ‘The two genera differentiate easily, thus, so far as the species under consideration are concerned :— Prothorax with a constriction about the middle, elytra striped..Zema. Prothorax cylindrical elytra spotted... 105 ek vies: vlete~ -p OKIOCEPES. 74 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Lema, Fabr. L. trilineata, Oliv. (Fig. 7), is the only Canadian species. It is of a », reddish colour, with two thoracic spots, the antennz (excepting the first joint), tips of tibie and tarsi, blackish. The elytra are of a clear light yellow, or nearly white, with a common sutural black stripe, and each with a narrow submarginal vitta of the same colour. Length about .25 in. (Fig. 8: aa Roses represent the larva with its singular covering of excrement, d the last joints of the abdomen, ¢ pupa, @ the eggs.) CRIOCERIS, Geoff. Two imported European species are known from the adjacent regions, though but one of these seems to have been actually reported from Canada. They prey upon asparagus, and from the striking pattern of coloration are easily known. C. asparagi, Linn., is from .16 to .24 in. long, of a greenish or bluish- black colour, the thorax red with two black spots of variable size usually present. The elytra are reddish-yellow, with a blue-black cross formed by the crossing of a longitudinal sutural stripe and trans- verse median band, and with an apical and basal spot of the same dark colour on each ; or they may be blue-black with the outer and apical margin and three spots on each yellow. (Fig. 9 represents the eggs, larva and beetle much magnified.) C. 12-punctata, Linn., is .t9-.24 in. long, dull red, each elytron with six black spots of variabie size. The antenne, knees, and tarsi are also black. I desire to acknowledge the kindness of Mr. W. S. Cody, B. A., of Windsor, Ont., in contributing a Canadian specimen of Argyunis Idalia to the Society’s collection. JI am indebted to Mr. Wm. Loch- head, of Napanee, Ont., for the information that this handsome butterfly has been added to the Canadian List. J. Atston Morrat, Curator. —~I Or THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. CANADIAN HYMENOPTERA, NO. 7. BY W. HAGUE HARRINGTON, F. R. S. C., OTTAWA. The object of this paper is chiefly to record some observations, made last summer, on a few parasitic forms, but mention is first made of two phytophagous species. STRONGYLOGASTER ? MARGINATA, Prov. Selandria marginata, Prov., Add. Faun. Hym., 1885, p. 8. Eriocampa marginata, Prov., Cresson, Cat.N. Am. Hym., 1887, p. 162. Strongylogaster primitivus, MacG., Can. ENT., 1893, Vol. XXV., p. 241. Tenthredopsis primitivus, MacG., Can. Enr., 1894, Vol. XXVI., pe 827° Mr. MacGillivray has recently kindly sent to me one of his types of primitivus for comparison with that of Provancher’s marginata, and I find, as was already evident from the description, that it is the same species. The generic position of the species is, however, not so readily determined ; Mr. MacGillivray being now of opinion that it belongs neither to Tenthredopsis, Strongylogaster or Taxonus, but probably to some yet undescribed genus. It certainly does not belong to Tenth- redopsis as adopted by Cameron in his monograph of the British Phytophaga, nor to Selandria, so that. I have left it for the present in Strongylogaster, to some of our accepted species of which it is very similar in appearance. Several of the groups of our Tenthredinidz require revision, the classification of species solely from wing venation being unsatisfactory, for in the phytophagous hymenoptera the venation is much more unstable than in the other divisions of the order. I fear, for instance, that Mr. MacGillivray’s genus Bivena (Can. Enr., Vol. XXVI., p. 327) has been founded upon the accidental occurrence of a supplementary marginal cell. CEPHUS PYGMuUs, Linn. The continued spread of this wheat-stem sawfly is evidenced by the occurrence of two males in a small collection made on sth July, at Indian Head, Assa., by Mr. Fletcher, during his trip to British Columbia last summer, PEZOMACHUS Pertitil, Cresson, Can. Ent., 1892, Vol. IV., p. 61. @. Pezomachus sulcatus, Prov., Add. Faun. Hym., 1885, p. 77. ¢. Stibeutes Pettitii, Cr., Riley and How., Ins, Life, 1890, Vol. IIL, - Pp. 154. 76 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. This is the commonest species of our wingless Cryptids, but I have noted only one mention of its having been bred, which is in the list pub- lished in Insect Life (Zoc. cit.) of bred parasitic hymenoptera in the. United States National Museum, the record being as follows :— “ Bucculatrix found on stone, Virginia, April gth.” The species is there referred to the genus Stibeutes, which in Cresson’s synopsis is said to have the ‘‘ Metathorax completely and regularly areolated,’ while in Pezomachus it is “‘not, or irregularly areolated.” None of my specimens show any areolation, the indications of any metathoracic carine being of the feeblest nature. This insect has frequently been taken with the sweeping-net on foliage from June to September, and on one occasion in the latter month, as I was reclining under a pine tree, near Aylmer, I observed numerous examples running about on the carpet of dead pine leaves which covered the ground. They had a remarkable resemblance to some of the ants which are always roaming around in such places. Last April I obtained, under a large flake of loose bark on an elm stump, a number of egg-cocoons of an undetermined spider. They were hemispherical in shape, and made of a very white silk, and were covered by irregular tent-like masses of the same flocculent, viscid silk, spun between the bark and the surface of the wood. On opening one of the egg-masses I found two hymenopterous larve among the yellow eggs, and therefore secured a number of the cocoons, which, when removed, adhered to one another and formed a sticky mass in the small box in which I had to place them. Two of the parasites emerged on May roth, and proved to be males of a Hemiteles not in my collection. Two days later a similar winged male appeared, and also three wingless males, which I saw belonged to Pezomachus Fettitii. Four wingless males, one winged male, and one female emerged the following day, and others followed until, in all, I obtained four females, seven wingless males, and six winged males. There can be no doubt that the winged forms, though differing in the shape of the thorax from those without wings, are speci- fically the same. This rearing confirms the opinion held by many authors [For example see Walsh, Can. Ent., Vol. IL, p. ro.], of the identity of the genera Hemiteles and Pezomachus, and I have special pleasure in recording it at the present time, in view of the following recent reference to the subject by Dr. Sharp (Cam. Nat. Hist., Vol. V., p. 556): “The little Ichneumons of the genus Pezomachus are quite destitute of wings, and somewhat resemble ants ; they are quite common HE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. "7 insects in Britain. Only the female sex is known, and it is believed that the winged Ichneumons assigned to the genus Hemiteles, of which no females are known, are the males of Pezomachus. Repeated efforts have been made to place this beyond doubt, but they have usually failed, for when a brood of these parasites is reared the individuals generally prove to be either all Hemiteles or all Pezomachus. It is to be hoped that this interesting case will be fully elucidated.” Of the American species assigned to Pezomachus, several are known in both sexes. Mr. Howard, for example, describes both 2 and ¢ of P. micarie (Proc. Ent. Soc., Wash., Vol. II., p. 194), bred by Mr. Emerton from the egg- cocoons of a species of Micaria. Individuals of PB Pettitiz vary some- what in colour and in shape of thorax, the anterior node of which is often sulcate, as in Provancher’s type of sw/catus. Nearly all those taken in the field have the abdomen entirely dark, except the apex of first segment, while all the bred specimens have the apex of second segment also pale. The winged males appear slightly larger than the wingless, and have the abdomen slightly more elongate, but its markings are exactly the same. The fully developed thorax is black, and the wings have a large triangular stigma of a dark brown colour. The antenne are darker, and apparently more slender. PEZOMACHUS OTTAWAENSIS, Nl. Sp. Female, length, 5-6 mm. Rufous, with abdomen in part black. Head transverse, slightly narrowed behind; occiput concave ; antennz long and rather slender, 23-jointed ; face subtuberculate, as also clypeus slightly ; mandibles sometimes paler, with the teeth black. Thorax binodose, the nodes subequal; the rounded metathorax not areolated, but with the posterior face flattened obliquely. Abdomen with a broad rufo-orange band covering nearly all the second segment, the petiole also rufous ; the second segment narrowly black at base, and the following segments black, polished ; ovipositor exserted about 1 mm., sheaths black at tip. Described from 23 females bred, with two exceptions, from egg- cocoons of spiders. This is a large, handsome Pezomachus, very con- stant in coloration, especially of the abdomen. The base of petiole, posterior coxze, and femora are darker in a few specimens, and the vertex of head is occasionally clouded ; individuals may possibly occur with the head in part black. The egg-cocoons in which this species breeds are 78 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. flattened, scale-like objects, 1o-12 mm. in diameter, adhering closely to stones, and often irregular in shape to conform to the uneven surface. When new, the silk of which they are spun is of a delicate drab shade, but weathered cocoons found in spring are of a dull, dirty gray. A single larva of the Pezomachus occupies each infested cocoon, and when it has devoured all the spider’s eggs it spins its own elongate cocoon within that of its host. This insect must be a great check upon the increase of its spider-host, for of scores of cocoons examined’in one locality last spring hardly ten per cent. had escaped infestation. Through the kindness of Mr. L. O. Howard, one of these cocoons has been examined by Mr. Nathan Banks, who pronounces it to be “ almost cer- tainly a Drassid cocoon, possibly Micaria, but more probably Prosthes- ima.” The cocoons are sometimes found on the under surfaces of stones and pieces of wood, but more frequently on the upper surface of large embedded rocks. HEMITELES OTTAWAENSIS, Nl. Sp. Male, length, 5 mm. Black, with segments two and three of abdomen yellowish. Head black; palpi pale ; antenne blackish, slender, about 25-jointed, scape, pedicel and base of third joint pale. Thorax black, finely punctulate or shagreened ; tegulz pale ; legs rufo-testaceous, including cox; the posterior tibize and tarsi brownish ; wings as usual, stigma brown; metathorax feebly areolate, the lateral and posterior transverse Carine more distinct. Abdomen narrow, segments two and three yellowish, remainder black. Described from one male reared from egg-cocoon of spider. The cocoon was one of a lot, gathered at same time and locality, which yielded several individuals of the previously described species, and the Hemiteles is probably the male of that species. I have, therefore, given to it the same specific name. As it differs, however, in the evident, though imperfect, areolation of thorax, and in colour of abdomen, etc., it may be better to separate it for the present. The abdomen is narrower and less robust than that of the winged males of P. Pettzfiz. MASTOCHARIS WILDERI, Howard. Twenty-two examples of this little Chalcid were bred from a hemi- spherical egg-cocoon of a spider, attached to the under surface of a hickory leaf. They issued, however, from the cocoon of an Ichneumonid, prob- THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 79 ably a species of Pimpla, which had devoured the snider’s eggs. The greenish-blue reflections of the head and thorax of the females, and the bright coppery gleam of the smaller males, make these little creatures, when alive and hurrying to and fro with trembling antenne, objects of considerable beauty. Mr. Howard records the species (Proc. Ent. Soc., Wash., Vol. II., p. 299) from James Island, S. C.; Brooklyn, N. Y.; Sea Cliff, L. I.; Washington, D. C.; and Los Angeles, Cal., showing a very wide distribution. TELENOMUS, n. sp. ? From two eggs found attached, and side by side, on the upper. sur- face of a hickory leaf, I obtained thirty-one individuals (25 ¢,6 ¢) ofa Telenomus, which appears to be undescribed, but as the genus is such an extensive and difficult one I do not care to name it. The eggs, which are those of our beautiful pale green, swallow-tailed Luna moth, are round and flattened ; white above and below, and surrounded by a dark brown band. They are about 2 mm. in diameter, and not much more than I mm. in thickness, so that when one was tenanted by at least sixteen larve, their quarters could not have been over spacious. It requires somewhat careful examination of the egg to find the minute hole from which the parasites issued. ACOLOIDES SAITIDIS, Howard. From the same batch of spider-cocoons which produced the seventeen examples of Pezomachus Pettitii, there came forth, a few days later, a host of minute Prototrypids, which seem to belong to the species named as above by Mr. Howard (Ins. Life, Vol. IL, p. 270), and constituted the type of his new genus; the type specimens having been bred from eggs of the spider Saztis pulex. My specimens differ from the description only in having the apex of the first abdominal segment yellowish. ‘They commenced to appear on June 4th, and by the evening of June 6th there had issued 160, nearly all of which were females. The total number that came forth was 206, consisting of 162 9 and 44 ¢. Such figures might indicate this to be a very common insect, yet I had never met with it in my collecting. Previous records for the species are Lincoln, Neb., and Oxford, Ind. CHRYSIS NITIDULA, Fabr. One example of this beautiful green Chrysid was bred from an almost black cocoon, which was found in a cell of Odynerus catskillensis, 80 THE GANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Sauss. The Odynerus cells were built of clay, upon the under surface of a stone, and formed a compact mass which could not be removed without rupturing the cells, as their silken lining adhered directly to the uneven surface of the stone. CHRYSIS PARVULA, Fabr. This pretty species very closely resembles the preceding, but is easily separated by the shape of the terminal segment of abdomen, which is truncate and tridentate (the central tooth strongest), instead of quadri- dentate, with curved emarginations separating the teeth. Two examples were bred from cocoons taken from the cells of Pelopeus cementarius, Drury, the slender-bodied wasp whose large clay-built groups of cells are so frequently seen under window-sills and other ledges in the city, and are placed under stones in the fields. The cocoon of the parasite occupies one end of the cell made by the industrious wasp as a home for its own young, and is almost identical in shape and colour with that of the other Chrysid. The insects emerged on June 2nd and 4th, the cells having been obtained some weeks previously. Mr. Ashmead has recorded (Psyche, Vol. VII., p. 79) the rearing of C. perpulchra, Cr., and C. cerulans, Fabr., from the same host. CEROPALES FRATERNA, Smith. While searching, one day in early spring, for the potato-like galls which are produced by Tribalia upon the roots of wild roses, I found under a flat stone, slightly imbedded in the turf, about a dozen fusiform hymenopterous cocoons, about 15 mm. long. They were scattered on the surface of the soil, and some had already become mouldy from the dampness of the ground. From those which were not so affected 1 obtained in due time a female and four males of Pompzlus luctuosus, Cr., which liberated themselves by neatly cutting off the large end of the cocoon. From one of the larger cocoons there emerged in the same manner, instead of the velvety-black Pompilus, a long-legged, yellow- banded Ceropales. AGENIA ARCHITECTA, Say. The mud cells of this pretty little blue wasp are not uncommon under stones in dry fields near woods. They are cylindrical in shape, and several may be found on the same stone, but they are not massed together and cemented into one lump, as are those of the mud-wasps previously mentioned. The wasps have been bred several times, but I have as yet reared no parasites. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 81 ON THE STRUCTURAL AFFINITIES OF THE GENUS DEMAS. BY J. W. TUTT, F. E. S., LONDON, ENGLAND. In the Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Voi. IIL., pp. 130-131, Mr. Harrison G. Dyar writes as follows: ‘ Prof. E. B, Poulton has shown that dorsal eversible glands are of general occurrence throughout the Lymantriide (Trans. Ent. Soc., Lond., 1887, p. 300) on the tenth and eleventh joints (segments), or rarely only on the eleventh joint (Das- ychira pudibunda). Probably these structures are characteristic of the family, but Prof. Poulton did not find them in Demas. This genus has been considered to belong to the /Voctuide, but English authors assume it to be a Lymantriid. Mr. J. W. Tutt remarks, in speaking of Prof. J. B. Smith’s recent ‘Catalogue of the Noctuide’ (Ent. Record, VL., p. 70) :— “The obsolete position of Demas among the JVoctuide is retained.” Now, is this position ‘obsolete?’ The absence of the retractile tubercles certainly throws doubt on the matter. Now,I have shown a character- istic difference in the arrangement of the thoracic tubercles between the Lymantriide and the LVoctuide (Trans. New York Acad. Sci., XIV., p. 57), and Demas shows the Noctuid structure. Therefore, on all essential larval characters Demas is a Noctuid. It might, indeed, be an Arctian, as far as the larva goes, but not a Lymantriid. As concerning the structure of the imago, Demas seems to have greater affinity with the Noctuide than any other family ; in fact, it appears to me that the placing of Demas among the Lymantriide may properly be characterized as premature.” Further, Mr. Dyar writes as follows :— “ Pupa, shining dark brown with a large wrinkled cremaster and three movable incisures. Of the usual Noctuid appearance (quite unlike Orgyza) and passing the - winter.” This statement regarding the pupa must be read carefully in connection with the remarks of Dr. Chapman quoted below. Now, I would call Mr. Dyar’s attention to the following statements made by Dr. Chapman some two or three years ago. He writes :—‘‘We now come to the two species, Demas coryli and Diloba caeruleocephala, that are certainly not very much related to each other, and though they have some indications of affinity with Acronycta, are not near enough to be placed in the same family. D. corydi, I should certainly restore to its old place in the Ziparide, to which it is far closer than to the Acronyctas. , ,» . . But neither of them seemed to me to be nearer to Acronycta bo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. than is Arctia or Liparis, or Orthosia, or Xylina, which appear to b° perhaps the families nearest to Acronycta in different directions ” (Entom. Record, Vol. III., p. 249). Dr. Chapman then gives (Ibid. pp. 249-251) a most exact and scientific description of the egg, the newly-hatched larva, and the larva. after each change of skin, of D. cory/z, annotating his description throughout by comparison with the Ziparide (or Lymantriide, as it appears to be called by American lepidopterists). After thus exhaustively dealing with the structure of Demas in its various stages, Dr. Chapman concludes :—‘‘ The larva of D. cory/i is cleariy a Liparid, not, therefore, perhaps so very remote from Acronycta, but, still, distinctly a Bompyx (if that name still has a definite collective meaning) and not a Noctua. The pupa of ZD. coryéi is not that of a Nocrua, though the character of the anal armature has some resem- blance to various Noctua forms” (Entom. Record, Vol. IV., p. 97). The larva is excellently drawn and figured in the same volume of the magazine (Pl. 1x., Fig. 2), where the newly-hatched larva is shown x 20 diams., and compared with the Acronyctids, with which it has been sug- gested to have certain affinities. The pupa is also figured in the same plate (Fig. 5, pupa of D. cory/i, nat. size; Fig. 5a, pupa of D. coryli, showing dorsal view of armature ; Fig. 5b, pupa, showing ventral view ; Fig. 5c, pupa, showing lateral view ;—the three latter x 15 diams. It is clear that neither Prof. Smith nor Mr. Dyar have ever seen these excellent papers by Dr. Chapman. It is equally clear that it should be the business of every lepidopterist of repute to do so. One of the greatest complaints that I have to offer against critical writers on American lepidopterology is their general ignorance of British work. Surely the Zyansactions of our leading Entomological Societies and the leading magazines should be a part of every entomologist’s monthly or quarterly pabulum. If they were, one would have to complain less of misunderstanding due to a want of knowledge of all the facts bearing on the case. I trust if Mr. Dyar or Prof. Smith should be inclined to challenge the above facts, they will read Dr. Chapman’s articles first. The above are necessarily brief excerpts, and the whole bearing of Dr. Chapman’s position can only be understood by reading his complete essays. CO Oo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A NEW COCCID FROM TEXAS. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, NEW MEXICO AGR. EXP. STATION. Aulacaspis texensis, n. Sp.— 9 scale circular, 123 mm. diameter, very slightly convex, dull brownish-gray or sepia-brown, becoming transparent at the edges ; sometimes entirely whitish. Exuvize exposed, sepia-brown, not far from central, rst skin to one side of 2nd, but wholly on it, with some white secretion extending over the centre of the 2nd. 2 alive, plump, dull pale greenish-orange. When dead and dry dark yellowish-brown, remaining so when boiled in soda. Outline circular, pygidial portion striated ; anal orifice rather small, as far behind level of caudolateral groups of glands as they are behind cephalolateral. A marginal row of 3 or 4 longitudinally elongated pores; and a sub- marginal row of pores, the two caudad longitudinally elongate, the 3 cephalad small and round ; 5 groups of ventral glands, caudolaterals ro, cephalolaterals about 16, median about 8. Median lobes wide apart, with a slight prominence between them bearing a pair of small spines. Median lobes oblique, much as in A. drome/ia, but the long inner slope convex, with 5 very distinct serrations, counting the one which forms the tip ; outer short margin with one serration. Immediately outside each median lobe, and touching it, is a spine-like plate, its tip about or hardly on a level with the tip of the lobe. ‘Then comes a very small and low, strongly bifid 2nd lobe, then a spine, then a rather large spine-like plate, then a very low and broad trifid lobe (one might almost as well say 3 serrations on the margin), then a spine, then a spine-like plate, then two serrations, and a very rudimentary third (sometimes all three obscure), then another spine-like plate, and after a short interval another, then after a short interval a pointed prominence followed by a notch, then 3 spine-like plates at rather long intervals. gd scale 1 mm. long, white, tricarinate, but the lateral carinze rather feeble ; exuviz very pale ochreous. The ¢ scales occur in patches on the leaves, much as in Chionaspis exercitata, Green. ffab.—San Antonio, Texas, Nov. 27th, 1895, on both sides of leaves of Sophora secundifiora. |C. H.'T. Townsend. | The species was first collected by Mr. Schwarz; and afterwards “Messrs. Howard, Schwarz, and Townsend found it very abundant near San Antonio. The plant was determined by Mr. Coville. This is the first native North American Audacaspis. (os) ree THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. PHOTOGRAPHS WITHOUT SHADOWS. A large percentage of the half-tone reproductions from photographs, for illustrating Experiment Station Bulletins, are greatly reduced in value because of a lack of detail caused by heavy shadows, resulting from the use of opaque backgrounds near the objects photographed. To overcome this difficulty and to make such pictures of more value to special- ists working in the fields of entomology, botany, and _ horti- culture, a device, which is the outcome of combining. several well-known principles, is here represented. Many details can be easily photographed and reproduced by this arrangement which are usually obtained by pen and ink drawings, and the personal equa- tion entering into such work is thus eliminated. The salient features of this device are: no shadows, accu- racy of colour values and form ; details and time are saved. All these features are evident from a glance at figure 11, except, per- haps, the saving of time; but after a second thought, this is also obvious, as the objects to be photographed are simply laid on a horizontal plane instead of being fastened to a perpendicu- pace: ; lar surface. Dr. Holland, of Pittsburgh, Pa., a Lepidoptera specialist, on a recent visit to our Station, saw the arrangement and was much pleased by the advantages it offers to any of his plans for obliterating shadows in photographing butterflies and moths. Pictures being more easily understood than descriptions, we have made a photograph of the outfit shown in figure 1o, and also one showing a butterfly taken with the device, figure rr. ——— ss ee ee THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 85 The apparatus consists of a four-legged stool, in this case 2% feet high, with an opening in the top and a copying camera placed over the hole. A pane of glass (C) is now placed on the upper or lower rounds of the stool (A or B), according to the distance you wish your object to be from the lens. The objects to be photographed are placed upon the glass, and for a background a sheet of paper or other material is laid on the floor (D) under the glass. In this case a white background is used because the butterfly is principally of a dark colour. By a glance at figure rr you will see that the objectionable shadows are obliterated. In photographing pinned insects it is necessary to have some scheme for holding them on the glass in the posi- tion desired. This is easily done by gluing a small piece of cork on the glass surface in which to insert the pin holding the insect. It is necessary to have the cork small enough so that it does not protrude beyond the specimen when looked at through the camera. This device can be easily modified to | suit an ordinary view camera by simply adding a piece of board to the top of the stool and letting it extend in a perpendic- —— re ular manner similar to E in figure to. By Fic. 11. having a hole in this board one can fasten a camera in place with a thumb- screw, precisely as it is fastened to a tripod, with the exception that the lens is directed downward. TPHictioes _ AGAR W. Eart RUMSEY, Asst. Entomologist. West Virginia Agr. Expt. Station, Morgantown, West Va. A NEW TYPHLOPSYLLA FROM MEXICO. BY CARL F. BAKER, FORT COLLINS, COL. Belonging to that group of the genus having head combs arising in front of the antennal grooves ina line nearly perpendicular to the long axis of the head, instead of along the lower margins of the cheeks, and which includes the two species gracilis and fraterna. Typhlopsylla mexicana, n. sp.—Female. In form resembling Z: musculi. Head rather strongly pointed, face receding. Bristles on head numerous, strong and spine-like, one on either side of extreme tip, short 86 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. and stout. Antennal groove open, spines on second joint equalling tip of joint 3. Head comb of four short, heavy spines, their tips very obtuse and sides nearly parallel ; the second from above reaching as far back as tips of antenne, and slightly longer than the others, which are nearly equal in length. Maxille very acute, rather broad at base. Maxillary palpi stout, the joints decrease in size in the following order: 1, 4, 2, 3, the third being shortest, the fourth narrowed to a slender tip. _Mandibles reaching two-thirds length of anterior coxa. Pronotal comb of twenty- two close-set spines. Bristles on dorsal abdominal segments in two rows, the second of ten to fourteen long and strong bristles, on ventral segments in single rows of four to eight similar bristles, the tuft on apical ventral segment rather large. Legs rather strongly spined, close-set even rows of spines on posterior margins of all tibie being especially conspicuous. Apical spines on hind tibie extending nearly two-thirds the length of first tarsal joint. In middle tarsi joint 2 equals 5, 3 is half of 1 and three-fourths of 5, 5 is twice 4. In hind tarsi joint 1 is as long as 2, 3, and one-half of 4 together, and about three times the length of 3, 2 equals 4 and 5 together, 3 nearly equals 5. Colour pale brownish. Length 2.5 mm. Described from a single female taken from ‘“ Mus rattus” at Guanajuato, Mexico, by Dr. Alf. Duges. ‘This very distinct species is easily separated from either gvacidis or fraterna by the above description. BOOK NOTICE. Mittheilungen aus dem Roemer—Museum, Hildesheim. No. 3.—Januar, 1896. Dik ApaTELIDEN, von A. Radcliffe Grote, A. M. (Mit 2 photographischen Tafeln und 3 Zinkographien im Texte.) Mr. Grote here defines the family Apatelide and gives a list of the species which can be referred to it with reasonable certainty in the_ present state of our knowledge. ‘The subdivision of the genus Apatela on larval and on pupal characters is discussed at some length, and r5 subgeneric names are recognized, including both European and American species. Two of these names are new, and one new species is described, Panthea portlandia, Grote. The two plates represent a number of typical European Apatelide. The moths are excellently done, but the larvee are only imperfectly shown, as their cylindrical bodies fail to focus sharply in the photographs. This paper may also be consulted for a concise statement of the classification of the Lepidoptera on larval characters (page 3), and a con- tinuation of the discussion of the generic term Noctua (p. 4). a HarRRIsoNn G. DYAR. Mailed March 3rd, 1896, The — Esta Nou. XXVIII “LONDON, APRIL, 1896. No. 4. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF NORTH AMERICAN SYRPHID:. BY W. D. HUNTER, ASS’T IN ENTOMOLOGY, UNIV. OF NEBRASKA. [The material mentioned in this paper (with the exception of the type of Chz/osia Townsendi, n. sp., from the collection of the Cal. Acad. of Sciences) is in either the collection of the University of Nebraska or of Prof. C. W. Johnson, of Philadelphia. In each case I have taken care to mention in which one of these the specimens may be found. } Callicera Johnsoni, n. sp. Male.—Eyes contiguous for about two-thirds their width above, densely long, white pilose, with a sharply defined vertical black band about one-fifth their width ; above, the two bands are confluent. Occiput shining olivaceous, white pilose. Ocellar area with a tuft of ferrugineous pile. Spot above the antenne bare, shining black. Face shining black, except the tip of the indistinct tubercle, which is opaque ; covered, except an indistinct median stripe, and more densely below, with abundant long light yellowish pile ; very indistinctly concave below the antenne. Cheeks shining olivaceous, except an anterior velvety cross-band and an indistinct spot below the lowest margin of the eyes; long -yellow pilose. Palpi clavate, testaceous at base, apical half black. Antenne entirely black, with short stiff black hairs on the first and second joints ; first joint cylindrical ; second expanded at apex, less than half as long as the first ; third joint bare, over twice as long as the first and second togetier, expanded on basal half, flattened, bent outwardly at middle. Style short, obtuse. Thorax: dorsum shining olivaceous, with five opaque, very indistinct, longitudinal bands; pile obscure yellowish, abundant. Pleura shining, with more distinctly yellow pile. Wings a trifle tinged with yellow anteriorly, veins testaceous. Anterior cross-vein distinctly before the middle of the discal cell. Last section of the fourth vein with the first third straight, distinctly sinuate inwardly. Tegule white, ciliate, Abdomen entirely covered with moderately long yellowish-white pile ; first segment entirely opaque ; second, except a broad cross-band, expanded medially into a large triangle, the apex of which reaches 88 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLCGIST. the anterior margin, shining olivaceous ; third segment entirely shining. Legs: femora, except the extreme tips, black ; long white pilose ; tibie testaceous at base, at apex ferrugineous. Tarsi ferrugineous, darker at tips. L, 10% mm. One specimen [Fairmont Park, Philadelphia, Pa.], collected by Mr. Chas. I. Greene and kindly transmitted to me by Prof. C. W. Johnson, of the Wagner Institute of that city, to whom I most respectfully dedicate it. This species differs from the European C. ena, Fabr., to which it is allied, in the markings of the abdomen, the absence of the ‘“ snow-white style,” the general dull colour, and in several other respects ; from the only other described North American species, C. montensis, Snow, in not having the face and front black pilose nor the thorax and abdomen golden pilose. Mr. Snow writes me that he has never observed any variation in the colour of the pile in montensis at all. There are other differences in the coloration of the antenne and legs and-in the form of the fourth vein. The capture of this insect is deemed worthy of more than passing notice. The species of Cad/icera are found almost exclusively near the tops of mountains. ‘The only species up to the present time found outside of Europe was C. montensis, Snow. The three type specimens were taken on the top of Mt. Deception, in Colorado, at an altitude of 9,000 feet. Later, two more specimens were taken on one of the peaks of the Magdalena Mountains, in New Mexico, at an altitude of 9,500 feet, also by Snow. The species was described by Snow, in Kansas Uni. Quart. ViolsL., \p: 33/5. Jiuly,) 1392. In Europe, as far as I have been able to ascertain, there is only one record of the capture of a Caddicera except on a mountain top. — Prof. Stein has ithis note in the Berlin Ent. Zeitschr., 1860, 325 [translating]: “Callicera fulva, Schaum.—I captured a female of this species on the first of June, in the vicinity of Frankfurt-a.-d.-O. It was resting on flowering Spartium scoparium, which was, perhaps, only accidental. A thorough search of the same place eight days later yielded no result.” The present is, therefore, the second record of the capture of a species of this genus at a remarkably low altitude, the altitude in this case being considerably lower than that of Frankfort-on-the-Oder, which is about 125 feet. Fairmont Park lies on both sides of the Schuylkill River, adjoining Philadelphia on the Northwest, and probably in no aigee exceeds an altitude of sixty feet. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 89 oN The occurrence of the first discovered specimen of this European genus in the western part of North America was another verification of the well-known biological law that European forms are more likely to occur in the western than in the eastern part of this Continent, as pointed out by Snow. It is clear now, however, that since two species have been discovered, one eastern and the other western, and the eastern as closely related to the typical European forms as the western, that any such conclusion in regard to this genus is no longer valid. Microdon fulgens, Wied. This species was included in Williston’s Synopsis of N. A. Syrphidee, on the authority of Wiedemann, who described the species, Aussereu- ropeischen Zweifl., Insecten 82 (I.), from a specimen ‘“‘In Berliner Museum, aus Neugeorgian,” and on Macquart’s statement, Dipt. Exot. Ier. Suppl., 122, of habitat as Florida and Guiana. Wiedemann’s short, terse description is abundantly sufficient to separate it from its congeners. It is as follows :— ‘Antenne black. Face steel-blue, thinly yellowish-white pilose. Thorax golden-green ; in certain reflections there appear copper-coloured stripes. Ante-alar callosities (Vorflugeldreieck) steel-blue; front between green and blue-metallic. Wings nearly pure brown, on the thin veins only brownish; tegule white with a black ciliate border. Legs green or blue” [translation by Williston]. The front is mixed white and black pilose, front and middle tarsi opaque black, pulvilli light yellow. Scutellum very broad, the posterior margin almost parallel with the anterior; the spines distinct. The outer cross-veins are distinctly sinuate. One specimen, a female [St. Augustine, Florida; Prof. C. W. John- son|, now in the collection of the University. The robust form, entirely metallic colour, black antenne, and large size are such as to make the species unmistakable, Chrysotoxum derivatum, Walker. This genus is a very difficult one, and much confusion prevails even in Europe as to the limitation of the species. Even such structural characters as the comparative length of the antennal joints are of very little value, although such an authority as Schiner has used them. They all show a very great resemblance in coloration, and the’ species are very variable. In Europe there are about fifteen described species, and in this country ten, one of which must be dropped on account of the imperfect description, 90) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The material in the University collection contains numerous speci- mens that must be C. derivatum, but it is only by a process of elimi- nauon that this conclusicn can be reached. As Mr. Snow states of other specimens: ‘They seem to belong here, however, better than else- where.” These specimens were taken in extreme North-western Nebraska, and in the Big Horn Mountains, in Wyoming. They exhibit all the variations in the markings of the abdomen that Snow has mentioned (Kans. Uni. Quart. Vol. I., 35). Besides these, there are three specimens of both sexes—two taken at Lincoln and one at Har- vard, Nebraska—that differ as follows: The anterior margin of the wings is only very lightly tinged with yellow, whereas in the others they are always very distinctly so ; the abdomen is covered with erect, light- coloured pile, while in the mountain specimens it is provided with only very short black hairs ; the median stripes of the thorax are very distinct, while in the others they are obsolete or entirely wanting; the four anterior femora are entirely yellow, while in the others there is a distinct black spot near the base. From this I conclude that these specimens are of a different species, which I am quite certain is pubescens, Loew, although the only differences in the descriptions of these two species are that in one there are distinct dorsal vitte and the wings are tinged with brown anteriorly, while in the other these points are not mentioned, and hence, may or may not be present. But from a study of this material, part of which must be derivatum, I am certain that pubescens and der?vatum are both good species, and should stand, no matter how many of the other species of this genus must fall. I am thus enabled to give the following amended descriptions of the two species. C. derivatum, Walker. Second joint of antenne one-fourth to one-half as long as third, sometimes shorter than the first ; arista yellowish. Thorax with the median vitte at all discernable only in the female. Abdomen every- where covered with short sparse black hairs. First segment black, second lateral margin black, except sometimes the posterior corners, the yellow band is very distinctly interrupted, the two parts arcuate and often expanded medially, posterior margin black. Band of third segment more equal in width than first, interrupted or entire, not always reaching the lateral borders, which are mostly black; entire posterior margin expanded in the middle, yellow. The black markings of the fourth segment vary from an anterior uninterrupted band, expanded to include most of the THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Of lateral borders, and a complete arched band in the middle of the segment to a very narrow anterior band, sometimes interrupted in the middle, and not including all of the lateral margins, and an indistinct middle spot with a very slender, elongate spot at each side of it. On this segment the yellow posterior margin may be entirely separated from the anterior band, but usually they are confluent at the corners. Fifth segment with an anterior black band, expanded to include more or less of the lateral margins, and a black spot like an inverted V or Y. Often this spot is obsolete, leaving only three small spots to form the outline of a V. Legs yellow. All the coxe, and trochanters, and a distinct shining spot at the base of each of the four anterior femora, black. Posterior tarsi tinged with reddish. Wings very distinctly brownish (less so in the female) on anterior third. C. pubescens, Loew. Very much like derivatum, but differing in having the legs entirely yellow, the abdomen everywhere covered with erect yellowish pile, and the median thoracic stripes distinct. The wings are much less distinctly marked with yellow. Second joint of antenne longer than first; third joint in female about equal to the first two; in the male it is slightly longer. Abdomen marked like that of der/vatum, except that the pos- terior margin of the second is always yellow, and the anterior corners of segments three and four are reddish. The black mark on the fifth segment is like an inverted V or Y ; or the branches may be arcuate. Psilota buccata, Macquart | Dipt. Exot. II., 2, 107, pl. xviii, fig. 2]. The history of this species and its attribution to the United States is as follows : It was described by Macquart, in the Memoirs of the Society of Arts and Sciences of Lille in 1841, and the locality given as ‘‘Carolina.” It was here placed in the genus /zf7za. In the fifth supplement to the Dipt. Exot., which was published in 1855, Macquart describes a species, flavidipennis, for the first time under the genus Psz/ota, which was founded by Meigen, in his Syst. Beschr. III, 256, in 1822, several years before the other species, duccata, was described under the genus P2fiza. In 1862 Dr. Loew, in the Monographs of the Dipt. of N. A., I, 27, in mentioning the various genera of Syrphide that have been recorded from North America, states that Macquart has recorded a Psi/ota from North America, but that, as that genus had been misunderstood by most authors, he would not venture to mention it among those truly represented in N. A. The reference mentioned above was undoubtedly his authority for this statement, , 92 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The next step comes in 1878, with the appearance of Osten Sacken’s second edition of his Catalogue of N. A. Diptera. In that he includes é Psilota flavidipennis, Macq., giving the author’s habitat, Philadelphia, and calling attention to the note by Loew just referred to. It is very certain that if he had found the species in nature, he would have mentioned the fact. We must hence conclude that he had not, and included it simply on the authority of Macquart, which makes it very uncertain that the species is North American at all up to this date. Between this time and the time of the publication of Williston’s. Synopsis it is evident that some specimens were captured in this country. For Williston states that he found two specimens in the Loew type col- lection which were labelled Psz/ota flavidipennis at Cambridge. Hence, it is certain from this time on that this species is a North American one, and that Macquart’s locality was probably correct, as was his determination. Now, Williston states that he has no doubt that these specimens so labelled are duccata, but that they are favidipennis is doubtful. In other words, he thinks that the correct determination of the specimens is as buccata, and that Macquart’s other species, favidipennis, may or may not be the same as that species. Hence, in his Synopsis he places Macquart’s description of flavidipennis along with that of duccata, as revised after an examination of the specimens at Cambridge. Without assuming that my opinion will settle the matter at all, I may say that it seems that they are two distinct species. The colour of the legs and of the abdomen is quite different. The two specimens from Georgia that Williston mentions [Syn. App., 292] may and may not be the true favidipennis of Macquart. It is very doubtful. The less shin- ing abdomen would seem to favor the conclusion that they are, while the more concave face would point to an opposite conclusion. There are known in collections specimens of this species as follows : In the Loew type collection, at Cambridge, two specimens ; in the U. S. National Museum, eight specimens, six from Texas and two from Georgia ; in Mr..C. W. Johnson’s collection, at Philadelphia, several specimens from Texas; and in the collection of the University here, one specimen from Blanco County, Texas ;—this specimen has the pile everywhere pure white. Chilosia prima, Nn. sp. Female.—Z yes and arista bare (when magnified twenty diameters, the arista shows distinct hairs). Face not pilose, scutellum without dis- tinct marginal bristles; legs almost entirely yellow. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 93 Front distinctly trisulcate, sparsely punctured, shining black, with moderately long whitish pile more abundant between the lateral sutures and the eye margin. Occiput opaque, white pubescent, except near the eye margin, where it is shining olivaceous and pilose. Face shining black ; viewed from in front, covered, except broadly on the tubercle, with very fine pubescence (viewed from the side it appears bare); very deeply con- cave below the antenne and indistinctly so below the tubercle, with a few short hairs between the facial sutures and the eyes. Tubercle round, subacute, shining, much more prominent than the antennal elevation, situated below the middle of the face. Epistoma not projecting, in profile obliquely truncate at apex, lower margin straight and horizontal, Cheeks narrow, coloured and provided with pile like the face. Proboscis large, flabellate, dark ferrugineous ; palpi cylindrical. Antennz and narrow margin of the orifices bright reddish-fulvous, first joint slightly darker, second with a few short dark bristles, third joint somewhat longer than broad and a little flattened above and below, large and nearly oval. Arista basal, black, micro-pubescent, not incrassate. Humeral callosities ferrugineous, inwardly silvery pollinose. Dorsum slightly metallic, sparsely punctured, more coarsely so posteriorly, with sparse erect light yellow pile. Pleura shining olivaceous, with very sparse whitish pile. Scutellum coarsely punctured, black, rather long pilose and with slightly stronger hairs on the border. Abdomen robust, distinctly expanded on segments two and three, sparsely but distinctly punctured, with short sparse yellowish pile, everywhere shining except a broad median stripe on the second segment. ‘This stripe has a small shining area in its middle anteriorly. There is a general, almost indiscernable, purplish cast to the abdomen. Venter shining, polished anteriorly, light yellowish pilose, the apical margins of the segments reddish. Legs light fulvous, with moder- ately long whitish-yellow pile; middle and posterior coxe black ; the apical joint of all the tarsi, and a large spot on the outside of the posterior tibie, brownish. Claws black, pulvilli whitish. Wings hyaline, veins testaceous, apical cross-vein parallel to the margin of wing, meeting the third vein at an acute angle. Tegule and narrow base of the wing distinctly yellowish. Long. corp., 11 mm.; L. alae., 8.5 mm. One specimen [ Philadelphia, Pa., 9-4-91], collected by Prof. C. W. ‘Johnson. The type is now in his collection. This species falls in the group with bare eyes and arista, which includes as North American species, capi//ata, Loew ; comosa, Loew ; 94 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. nigripennis, Will. ; versipedlis, Will. ; parva, Will. ; leucoparea, Loew ; tarda, Snow ; and Zuctfa, Snow. From all these, except parva, Will., it is easily separable by the colour of the legs, which are almost entirely yellow. From parva it is separabie by the abdominal markings as well as by the much larger size. Chilosia Townsendi,n. sp. {To Prof. C. H. Tyler Townsend. | Male.—Eyes bare, arista very long plumose, face not pilose, scutel- lum with very distinct bristles, third joint of antennz quadrangular, one and one-fourth times as long as broad, slightly concave above, the angles scarcely rounded. Pile of vertex long, black. Front unisulcate, very slightly shining, black pilose. Eyes contiguous for one-half their width. Antenne small, ferruginous, apical third of third joint darker. Arista situated at extreme base of the joint, obscurely reddish, long plumose except at the extreme apex. Face covered, except broadly on the tubercle, with short appressed whitish pubescence, everywhere slightly shining, in profile distinctly concave below the antenne. Tubercle below the middle, very obtuse, more projecting than the antennal prominence. From _ tubercle to epistoma, which is projecting, deeply concave. Epistoma beneath almost horizontal, in front obliquely truncate. Cheeks coloured and pubescent like the face, narrow with a transverse sulcus in the middle. Occiput olivaceous dull silvery pollinose. Proboscis very small. Humeri obscurely reddish-white pubescent. Dorsum subopaque on the side, shining, with erect black pile which grows into bristles posteriorly and laterally. Pleura shining olivaceous with erect yellowish pile Scutellum shining, finely punctured, with very long distinct bristles on the margin and a fringe of white pile below, elsewhere it is black. Abdomen with sides nearly parallel, laterally with dense, bushy pile, which is white, except at the posterior corners of segments three and four. On the top the pile is sparse, black in the middle and yellowish at the sides. First segment entirely, narrow anterior margin of the second and third, shining metallic, fourth segment everywhere shining, but less metallic. Hypopygium shin- ing, white pilose. Venter distinctly punctate, obscurely reddish laterally ; first segment shining white pilose and pubescent, second opaque with mixed black and white pubescence, third shining, black pubescent, and with very narrow posterior margin reddish. Legs black, mixed black and white pilose, al) the trochanters, coxee and narrow base and apex of the femora, posterior tibia except a wide median annulus and their tarsi THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 95 except the first and last joints, reddish; anterior and middle tibiz except wide median annulus and their tarsi except the apical joint, yellowish. All the femora have a fringe of strong black hairs on the apical portion of the posterior side. Claws, except their apical half, reddish. Wings long, everywhere tinged with brownish ; veins all brownish. Long. corp., 1o mm; al., 9 mm. This species is very closely allied to C. fréstis, Loew, but is easily separable from that species by the colour of the antennz and the form of the third joint, which is not at all ‘‘subrotundo,” as well as by several other characters. One specimen [Marin County, California; Haines], in the collec- tion of Cal. Acad. of Science. It was kindly transmitted to me for examination by Mr. Chas. Fuchs, through the courtesy of Mr. H. H. Baer, of the Academy. , This specimen is the identical one referred to by Mr. C. H. Tyler Townsend, in the Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol. IV., 611, under the head of CAzZosia, n. sp. ? Allograpta fracta, O. S. Western Diptera, 331, 1877. The type of this species, a single male, was captured by Baron Osten Sacken, at Santa Monica, California, February 20, 1876. Since then no record has been made of its capture. In the collection of the University of Nebraska is a single female specimen captured at Los Angeles, Cali- fornia, November, 1887, by Prof. Bruner. It differs in no respect from Osten Sacken’s description of the male. The front is yellow laterally and the first segment of the abdomen has the sides as well as the anterior margin yellow. It is quite a remarkable fact that of the two specimens of this species known in collections, the latter one was captured in exactly the same locality as the type, though eleven years later. Mesogramma parvula, Loew. This species has been recorded from Florida and Georgia only. There isa male specimen in the collection of the University, labelled Orizabo, Mex., Jan., ’92; Prof. Bruner. It agrees exactly with the description, except that the black of the second segment of the abdomen is entirely shining and that the third and fourth segments have the black markings very obscure, but like the typical ones in outline. Two other specimens from St. Augustine, Florida, collected by Mr. C. W. Johnson, of Philadelphia. 96 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A careful study of this material seems to make it clearthat AZ. Bosciz, Macq., and JZ. parvula, Loew, are one and the same species. Absolutely the only differences in the descriptions of these two species are in the markings of the abdomen, and they are notoriously variable in the species of this genus. In Sosc7z the first segment is black and the anterior half of the second is yellow; in parvuda the anterior margin of the first segment is yellow and the anterior margin of the second is black. Now, one of these specimens shows a very narrow yellow anterior margin on the first segment, and the other specimen has it entirely black, but in both the second segment is black on the anterior margin. Such a combination of the only characters that separate these species in individual specimens seems to make their identity certain. Mesogramma marginata, Say. One specimen from Orizabo, Mexico; Jan. This species has been recorded from all parts of the United States and from several points in Mexico. Baccha Tarchetius, Walker. There has been recorded only one specimen of this species besides the type in the British Museum ; this one was from New Jersey [Mr. Keen] and is now in the National Museum. In the collection of the University are two specimens—one from Philadelphia, Penn., and the other from Mobile, Ala.—both taken by Mr. C. W. Johnson, and from his collection. They are both females and differ from the description of the male in having two yellow spots similar to those on the third segment on the fifth. In all other respects the description applies exactly. Baccha clavata, Fabr. : This species is a common one in the Southern States. It has been recorded from Georgia, Florida, Arizona, and two localities in New Mexico ; Schiner mentions it ‘aus Sud-America.” The capture of a specimen at Lincoln is therefore quite remarkable and gives the species a very much enlarged range. This specimen, a male, was taken near the flowers of a species of aster growing near the water, in September, by the writer. The larva of this species is a very beneficial one in districts where oranges are grown, as it feeds on the aphids that often infest the trees. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Jf Baccha notuta, Loew, Diptera Americe septentrionalis, Cent. VI1., 65, TSO. MALe.—‘‘ OCHRACEOUS ; VERTICAL TRIANGLE AND SPOT ON THE FRONT, BLACK ; DORSUM OF THORAX, EXCEPT LATERAL BORDER, DARK OCHRACEOUS, MARKED MEDIALLY WITH A GREENISH - BLACK STRIPE 3 ABDOMEN WITH DARK LINES ; WINGS INFUSCATE, TOWARDS COSTA LUTES- CENT. ** Head luteous ; occiput cinereous ; vertical triangle black ; front opaque, black pilose, and with a minute black spot; frontal lunule naked, near the antenne black. Antenne ochraceous. Face light ochraceous, semi-transparent, entirely shining. ‘Thorax ochraceous ; dorsum, except the wide lateral margins, dark fuscous, with two median lines abbreviated posteriorly and double lateral marks shining virescent. Scutellum ochraceous ; metanotum bronzy- black ; pectus marked with black. Abdomen ochraceous, with fuscous longitudinal lines; hypopygium bronzy-black. Legs ochraceous; apical third of posterior femora and posterior tibia, except a wide subbasal annulus, subfuscous. Wings infuscate, towards costa yellowish ; marginal and apex of the submarginal cells distinctly coloured with fuscous.” |Translation. | One specimen, a male, agrees in almost all respects with Loew’s description. The coloration of the wings is much less marked, however. They are subhyaline, iridescent, costa tinged with testaceous. The posterior femora are testaceous except a dark annulus on apical third ; the posterior tibia except basal third are dark. The abdomen is furnished with moderately long light pile, especially on the first and second segments. First segment, except a broad, uninterrupted band on posterior margin, yellow; second segment fuscous subtranslucent with a distinct light band just beyond the middle ; remaining segments yellow, except the lateral margin and four slender black bands slightly expanded at the apex. Third joint of antenne very short; oval. One specimen [Charlotte Harbour, Florida; Mrs. Slosson]. This species was described by Loew, in 1861, from a specimen collected by Gundlach, in Cuba. The present is the first record of its capture since that time and the only record of its occurrence in the United States. My thanks are due to Prof. Williston for aid in determining this specimen, Lristalis latifrons, Loew. This is a very widely-distributed and common species in the West. 98 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. } Snow has recorded it from five different localities in Colorado and from four in New Mexico. Besides this, it has been recorded by Williston, from California, Kansas, Arizona, Texas, and Mexico, and from the latter locality also by E. Giglio-Tos. In the collection of the University there are numerous specimens from Lincoln and West Point, Neb., Custer, S. D., Los Angeles, Cal., and Lerdo, Mexico. The three female specimens from the latter locality are not in the least different from the others. Several female specimens that are not otherwise different have a very large spot of brownish in the middle of the wing. One female specimen from Lincoln, Neb., lacks the opaque spots on the third segment of the abdomen, as did several male specimens from California that Prof. Williston mentions. Eristalis Brousi, Will. ; There are specimens in the collection of the University from Hot Springs, and Custer, S. D., Soda Springs, Idaho, and Laramie, Wyoming. One female specimen has the spots on the second segment of the abdomen yellow and distinct, as Snow has observed in other specimens. This species has been recorded from Alaska to Colorado and to New England. Eristalis montanus, Will. A male specimen collected at Soda Springs, Idaho, by Prof. Bruner, agrees exactly with Williston’s description, except that the eyes are dis- tinctly contiguous, and that the black of the third segment of the abdomen is not contiguous with that of the second; the margin of the second segment posteriorly is yellow slightly tinged with reddish. The type specimen of this species, a single male, was captured at Como, Wyoming, at an altitude of 7,000 feet. The present is the only record of its capture since that time. A female specimen taken also at Soda Springs, at an altitude of 5,000 feet, on flowers near the water, in August, shows the following differences from the male, which have never been described : The second segment of the abdomen has the black as wide on the posterior margin as on the anterior ; the posterior margin black, third segment mostly shining black, with sides broadly yellow, with an anterior spot and narrow posterior margin opaque ; fourth like third, except no opaque spots ; fifth entirely shining black. The front is black with yellow pile, and the vertex is black pilose. Otherwise it is exactly like the male. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. QQ Eristalis hirtus, Loew. This is a very widely-distributed and common species all over the West. It has been taken at four different localities in Colorado, as well ‘as New Mexico. The collection here contains numerous specimens taken at Custer, South Dakota. Eristalis flavipes, Walker. There are two specimens of this species in the collection of the University. One of them, a male, captured at Lincoln, Nebr., is a typical form; another, a male, captured near Lake Winnipeg, on the Saskatchewan River, in Canada, by Prof Bruner, in September, is Loew’s £. melanostomus, or, as it is now considered, Zristalis flavipes, var. melanostomus, Loew. It is worthy of note that this species is predaceous, quite anomalously among the Syrphide. The latter of the two specimens just mentioned was captured sucking the substance of a small grasshopper, Chloéadtis curtipennis, which it held in its grasp after the manner of many of the Asilide. Pteroptila cincta, Drury. Two males and one female from Jamaica, W. I., have the abdornen and scutellum entirely of a strong reddish colour. The hypopygium is large and shining red. Collected at Portland, Jamaica, by C. W. Johnson, of Philadelphia. Mallota cimbiciformis, Fall. There is a specimen in the collection of the University taken at Milford, Nebr., in June. There is another specimen that is very difficult to place. It was taken in War Bonnet Canyon, Sioux County, Nebr. Williston has described a species, WZ. Sackeni, that differs from cimbiciformis only in having the eyes separated in the male, and the wings marked with a distinct brown spot. ‘There is perhaps also this difference, viz., that in Sackeni the marginal cell is closed in the margin, while in cémbdiciformis it is distinctly open. Williston states, in litt., in reply to a letter in which I expressed some doubt as to the right of 17. Sackeni to stand as a species : “The question of the ‘art recht’ of JZ. Sackeni is doubtful. I found specimens, however, from Mexico agreeing perfectly with the type speci- men (a note of which I made in the Biol. Central Amer.), and thus con- tinued the name. It is not at all improbable that the species runs into the older species, and that the name can only be used with a varietal meaning.” 100 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The specimen above mentioned has the eyes distinctly separated, and would hence fall into JZ. Sacken?. But the wings are not more distinctly marked than in JZ, cimbiciformis, the marginal cell is distinctly open, and the last segment of the abdomen is covered with long erect yellow pile, while in Sackenz the abdomen is entirely black pilose. These points together would seem to make it distinct from that species, although the very strong character of the eyes being separated would make it that. It differs from ail the forms of JZ. cimbiciformis in the above-mentioned pilosity of the abdomen, and in the separation of the eyes. I have con- sulted almost a dozen different descriptions of JZ. cimbiciformis, which it is more than probable represent all of the different variations, and invariably the abdomen is described as entirely black pilose, except the first segment. There is a further difference in the form of the face below. After thus stating the case, and exercising all the care that should be exercised in erecting a new species in a genus where the synonymy is already immensely complex, I feel justified in describing the specimen as new. Mallota facialis, n. sp. Male.—Antennez obscurely reddish, shining except the third joint, arista yellow. Wide facial stripe and cheeks shining. Face white pubes- cent and pilose, strongly projecting below, so that a line from the tip of the tubercle to the tip of the epistoma would have a distinct outward slant ; the epistoma projects distinctly further than the antenne [the out- line of the face is quite different in the other species of this genus |. Eyes bare, very narrowly separated. Pile of thorax and scutellum bright yellow. Thorax black, scutellum translucent. First segment of the abdomen but little shining, whitish pilose ; second and third segments shining, and everywhere covered with short, stiff black hairs; fourth shining bronzy, everywhere covered with abundant long, bright yellow pile. Legs black, all the tarsi, and tips of femora strongly and fore and middle tibize entirely and basal half of posterior tibiae weakly reddish. Posterior tibize without spur. Wings very slightly marked with brown at the separation of the second and third veins. One specimen [War Bonnet Canyon, in extreme North-western Nebraska. Xylota analis, Will. There are known specimens of this species as follows: In the U.S. National Museum, one male from Cala. [Baron], and two females from THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 101 New Mexico [Gaumer], which form the types of the species; in the collection of the Kansas University, two males from the Magdalena Mountains, in New Mexico [Snow]; and in the collection of the Uni- versity of Nebraska, one male, taken in War Bonnet Canyon in the extreme north-western part of Nebraska. This last specimen agrees exactly with Williston’s description except that the antennz are entirely red. ; Xylota flavitibia, Bigot. This species has been recorded from Colorado, by Williston, and from Colorado and New Mexico, by Snow. The collection of the University contains one male specimen taken in War Bonnet Canyon, Nebraska. NXylota fraudulosa, Loew. The collection of the University of Nebraska contains numerous specimens taken near Milford, Neb., in June, on the flowers of Prunus americanus. It has also been recorded from several localities in the East, and from Illinois, Wisconsin, and Washington, in the West. Xylota augustiventris, Loew. This species has been recorded from New York, Penn., and IIl., but not hitherto west of the Mississippi River. A single male specimen from War Bonnet Canyon, in extreme North-western Nebraska, has the wings hyaline, the third segment of the abdomen shining, except a very broad posterior band which projects almost to the anterior margin. The fourth segment is entirely shining. Xylota obscura, Loew. There is in the collection of the University of Nebraska, one female specimen taken in War Bonnet Canyon, Nebr. This species has been recorded from Oregon, California, and the Red River of the North. The description applies exactly. Spilomyta guadrifasciata, Say. One female specimen taken at Lincoln, Nebr., in September, by the writer. With the exception of the record of several specimens in Eastern Kansas, by Snow, this species has not been recorded outside of some of the extreme Eastern States. This specimen was taken on the flowers of Aster multifiorus. Sphecomyia vittata, Wied. In the University collection there are two specimens, one from Belmont, Nebr., and the other from War Bonnet, thirty miles distant. This species has been recorded from the Eastern and Southern States, and Minnesota and Colorado, in this country, as well as from localities in Northern Europe and Siberia. 102 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. PIERIS RAPA! AND AGRAULIS VANILLA. BY W. G. WRIGHT, SAN BERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA. P. Rape, the introduced ‘‘ European cabbage butterfly,” on its westward march across this Centinent, was first taken in Nebraska on August 3, 1881. (See Can. Ent., 1882, 39.) In May, 1883, I took one male in Southern California. At that time I did not know its name, but I spread it and placed it in my cabinet as unknown. Ina few years an Eastern Entomologist called on me, and at once identified it as P. Rape. It was yet other years before I saw another specimen in flight, though collecting diligently every season. About 18g0 or’gt other specimens were observed, and thereafter every year brought them in rapidly increas- ing numbers, till now they are extremely abundant, flying early and late in the day, and early and late in the spring and fall, and at times, as in cold or cloudy weather, when only a very few of the native species can fly, indicating that it is more hardy than the native species, and that it will eventually dominate. As might be expected, the larve feed in good part on cabbage plants, but yet they are not at all dainty or particular as to food, and many other plants are used. Last year I raised some fine specimens from eggs laid on leaves of common nasturtiums, in the garden, and wholly fed upon those leaves. The native Pierids, P. Protodice, P. Beckeri, and P. Sisymbri, do not oviposit on any cultivated plant so far as I know, preferring wild plants, while Rape apparently prefers cultivated ones. Evidently Rape will in a few years become a great pest. Already they fly in numbers everywhere, but especially about the Chinese vegetable gardens, and the flower gardens and dooryards of the towns. Another introduced butterfly is that beauty from the Southern States, Agraulis Vanille. This species came into California over the Southern Pacific Railroad soon after trains ran through from Louisiana, or say in 1885. 1 well remember the first ones I ever saw. There were two of them ina front dooryard feeding on the flowers, and I was in a buggy driving along the street ; but my net was handy, and I instantly went in pursuit of the red beauties, capturing them both as a first move, and explaining to the surprised people of the house afterward. Now Vanille is everywhere in evidence, and its larve are so abundant that large old passion vines are sometimes wholly denuded of leaves by them. Vanille is also extremely hardy and vigorous, flying, like Rapz, at unfavourable times and seasons, as if bent on conquest. Still, it has not increased so rapidly during the last few years as has Rape. These two species are the only ones as yet brought into the State from the East. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 103 ON THE POSITION OF THE GENUS DEMAS. BY HARRISON G. DYAR, PH. D., NEW YORK. In the March number of the Can. Ent., pp. 81-82, Mr. Tutt falls back upon the writings of Dr. Chapman to support his position for this genus as among the Liparide*. As Mr. Tutt has thus gracefully retired from the discussion without making a direct answer to my facts, I can only, in reply, briefly notice Dr. Chapman’s position. In the egg of Demas, Dr. Chapman, on a matter of detail, seems to imply an absence of relation with the Apatelide ; but the fact remains that the egg is vertically ribbed as in the Noctuide, Apatelide, and Thyatiridz, which I take to be the essential character. The Lymantriide, which belong to the Notodontian-Lasiocampid series have smooth, or obscurely reticulated eggs, the vertical lines having no tendency to become prominent. Inthe young larva, Dr. Chapman has not discovered the peculiar arrangement of the warts, on which I lay special stress. He would aliy Demas to Liparis on “the abundance of hairs and their length, the character of the tubercles, the anterior trapezoidal being more important than the posterior and the colouring.” The hairs and colouring may be dismissed at once, as they are notoriously adaptive and variable charac- ters. The statement about the tubercies is surprising. While it is correct of Demas as figured, the reverse is strikingly the case in many Lymantriids. The anterior trapezoidal (tubercle i.) in this group have a marked tendency to disappear, and I can only suppose that Dr. Chap- man has made some mistake. His own figure of Dasychira pudibunda (pl. ix., fig. 8) shows the anterior trapezoidals clearly the smaller. The structure in Demas really tells in favour of my view. In the second skin, Dr. Chapman describes a medio-dorsal depres- sion on joints 5 to 11 and 12 ‘‘in the position of a peculiar organ in various Liparids.” I see no good reason for the inference that these are the homologues of the dorsal eversible glands of the Lymantriide. In the first place they seem not to have any indication of the strifcture of such glands, and in the second place they are not homologous in position. In the Lymantriide, the glands occur on the roth and 11th segments only ; when others appear on the anterior abdominal segments, as in Stilpnotia salicis and Lymantria dispar, they are paired, not single. *The name Lymantriide, as this family ‘‘appears to be called by American authors,” was adopted by me from Mr. G, F. Hampson’s Moths of India. 104 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Dr. Chapman then remarks that in the further skin the larva has a more Liparid-like general appearance. The ‘‘ appearance” is to me, however, not Liparid, but Arctian. When I first saw the larva, years ago, I took it for Hadlistdota Harris:i, till I noticed the different arrange- ment of the hair-pencils. Next, he states that the habit of living between spun leaves is not that of an Acronycta. It is, however, decidedly so of our Charadra deridens, one of the Apatelidz. But if Demas stood alone in this respect it would form no valid argument to remove it from the Apatelide, so slight and little specialized is the habit, evidently a recent adaptation. As concerns the pupa, I do not pretend to be so conversant with the. subject as Dr. Chapman is, and therefore his positive statement that “the pupa of D. coryéi is not that of a Noctua” is entitled to consider- ation. However, I do not find the statement in “The genus Acronycta and its allies,” a little book containing reprints of these articles, kindly sent me by Dr. Chapman, nor do I notice the positive characters which would lead to suchaconclusion. Indeed, Dr. Chapman admits that “ the character of the anal armature has some resemblance to various Noctua forms.” But, indeed, suppose that the pupa be really ‘‘ not that of a Noctua,” the fact could only be applied to this discussion if it were shown that the pupe of the other Apatelida were true Noctue pupe, since it is equally true that the larva of Demas is ‘‘not that of a Noctua”; but neither are those of any other Apatelide. Now, Dr. Chapman says, speaking of the pupe of the genus Apatela: ‘‘ The pupa is less charac- teristic |than the larva]; it serves rather to divide the genus than to define the group as a whole. The pupa of the rwmzcis group is very characteristic and rather bombyciform in its aspect. The others are more of an ordinary Noctua pattern, but present features that separate them from other families. This is a somewhat rash statement to make, since I must confess my knowledge of Noctuz pupe is of a rather super- ficial character.” These are all the points which I can gather from Dr. Chapman’s account, and I do not think that they go far to refute my position, drawn from positive structural characters in the larva. Indeed, I should not feel called upon to criticise Dr. Chapman’s interesting and valuable papers, except to examine the grounds of Mr. Tutt’s position. + box. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 105 SOME ARGYNNIDS OF PARK CITY, UTAH. (Elevation, 7,000 feet.) BY ARTHUR J. SNYDER, EVANSTON, ILL. Any time before the middle of June, entomological studies in the mountains are apt to be interrupted by snowfalls; but from that time to September, one will seldom find a better or more interesting place for study. The climate is delightful, and though the common opinion is that no rain falls upon the great plateau, here as elsewhere, suppositions are not facts. My brief experiences (covering portions of two summers) would indicate that Utah receives as much rain during July and August as the State of Illinois. During the latter month, in 1893, there were frequent showers, and at least two heavy rains. In July, 1895, we experienced a very rainy day, and several showers. Nevertheless, at times it becomes so dry on the mountains that one must seek the low, irrigated meadows to find butterflies abundant. The genus Argynnis is well represented in the West and North-west. From low lands to an elevation of 9,000 feet one finds many represent- atives. The most striking species, as to colour and size, which I have found there is A. Zeto. This insect must be seen alive to be fully appreciated. Whether seen on the wing, or resting on a thistle blossom, it is a prize well worth the collector’s attention. It appears in Utah (Park City) early in July, and its numbers gradually increase, until in August it may be called almost common. As is so frequently the case, the males appear first, and were found in the ratio of ten to one as compared with the females. Mr. Maynard says Zefo is found in California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and Montana. It has been my good fortune to capture it in Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming. I do not know how far East it has been taken, but my friend, Mr. William S. Bates, took several specimens of a female Argynnis, which I am satisfied are Zefo, in Michigan during the past summer, and I have heard that it has been taken in Minnesota. I have never read that the female of Zeto is dimorphic, but would not be surprised to learn that it is, or that Zeto and Cyde/e are, or were at some time not far distant, one and the same species. It is not difficult to secure eggs of Zefo, and were it not for the fact that the larve hibernate, there would be no difficulty in rearing the 106 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. species. I believe Mr. W. H. Edwards has done so. Females confined over fresh violets oviposited readily, and in 1893 a number of larve were brought to Illinois, and subjected to ‘the cold-storage process” for the winter. In the spring, however, they failed to awaken from their lethargic condition. A. eurynome was very common on low lands near Park City. At least 600 were taken in 1893. In one open meadow covered with flowers there were thousands of this species. Two forms or varieties were found, the ordinary one with silvered spots below, and a variety with all the spots below yellow. The ratio was about one yellow form to twenty-five of the silvered. A remarkable fact was noted. A silvered ? and a yellow ¢ were taken in co/tu; a yellow 9 and a silvered ¢; a silvered ? anda silvered ¢, and also a yellow 9 andayellow ¢. I am fositive of all the statements except the last concerning the yellow @ and yellow ¢. We know that peculiar specimens are sometimes the result of hybridism. Melanism may result from cold, drought, etc., and almost everyone has seen “sports” in the insect world. I await with interest the results of future study concerning these subjects. It is commonly asserted that hybrids are never fertile. Is this known to be true? A. myrina was abundant in the meadow mentioned above, but I do not remember having seen it elsewhere in Utah. A. epithore was found on low ground flitting among the leaves of a large canna-like plant. One specimen also was taken beside a small mountain stream. » A. kremhild was taken in the same locality. A. egleis was taken on a hillside near town, in an open spot, where the sun’s rays seemed to linger at eventide, but near the underbrush where it was easy to escape among the scrub oaks and sage bushes. In its habits it much resembles A. coronis. A. coronis was rare at Park City, but more common in the mountains, near Salt Lake City and Ogden. A. Nevadensis and A. Meadii were also rare at Park City, but more abundant near Salt Lake. In habits they were quite unlike coronzs and eg/eis, always being found on the flowers or else crossing swiftly to some place where flowers were more numerous, never dropping to the ground and flitting below the sage bushes, but seeking escape in swift flight. They also seemed to prefer lower ground,—the valleys instead of the hillsides, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ‘ 107 A. montivaga.—One specimen taken. A. Edwardsii.—Only one specimen taken. A. liliana.—Only one specimen taken. Mr. W. H. Edwards says that the A. coronts and A. nevadensis taken in Utah are larger than ordinary. ‘To my mind the A. coronis taken in Utah are unlike those taken in Colorado, both as to size and colour, but I have seen very few of the Colorado specimens. In my collection are a number of Argynnis which seem to be unnamed. e For identification of specimens I am indebted to Prof. G. H. French, Dr. Henry Skinner, and Mr. W. H. Edwards. My studies of this group lead me to believe that it sadly needs revision ; that when it is studied carefully by someone who has facilities for comparing all the species and varieties described, many so-called species will prove to be synonymous; that when all the species have been bred and the stages studied, some surprising truths will be unearthed. With a collection containing thirty-five species (?) and several varieties (?), I am willing, for the present at least, to say “don’t know ” to many things concerning the genus. I am anxious to find out some- thing and contribute my mite towards unravelling the remarkable tangle. LUNA EGGS—A CORRECTION. Mr. Dyar kindly points out that the eggs mentioned by me on page 79 of the March number are not those of Actias Luna, as stated, but are those of TZe/ea FPolyphemus. He adds that “Luna eggs are quite different, being almost entirely black, and laid in little clusters on the twig, not on the leaf.” Not having bred these moths from the egg, I had to rely on such descriptions as were at hand. Rogers [Can. Ent., VIL., 199| describes the eggs of Luna as “dark brown or chocolate colour, flattened at the sides, smooth, and about .o5 of an inch in length; the sides were of a lighter shade.” Saunders [Sixth Ann. Report, 41] says of Polyphemus: ‘‘ The egg is about one-tenth of an inch in diameter, convex above and below, with the convex portions whitish and the nearly cylindrical sides brown,” Minot [Can. Enr., II., 27] also describes Luna eggs as very dark sepia, although some were almost entirely white. My eggs appeared to me to answer better to the description of those of Luna, and as the difference in method of attachment to food-plant was not given, I came to the conclusion that they were those of Luna, as the moth is usually abundant in the grove of hickories where the eggs were obtained, W. Hacue HarrINGTON, 108 : THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A CANADIAN TRIGONALYS. BY W. H. HARRINGTON, F. R. S. C., OTTAWA. Trigonalys Canadensis, . sp. Male.—Length, 10.5 mm. Black with yellowish markings. Head. transverse, as wide as thorax, about twice as wide as long when viewed from above; face above the antennex, and vertex, polished, impunctate, ’ without apparent sutures and with sparse blackish pubescence; the cheeks and under surface with pubescence more dense ; clypeus polished ; palpi slender ; antennz as long as head and thorax, rather stout, eighteen- jointed, segments subequal ; eyes small but prominent ; ocelli small, in a triangle on a line with the posterior margins of the eyes. Thorax rugose with coarse, irregular punctures, those of the pleura and pectus smaller and more numerous ; posterior angles of prothorax yellow; legs rather slender, coxa and femora black, remainder yellow, the tips of tibize and tarsi somewhat dusky ; wings subhyaline, with dark stain covering marginal cell and extending slightly beyond each end of it, stigma and costal nervures black, remaining nervures reddish, second and third sub- marginal cells subequal ; scutellum. abruptly rounded posteriorly, post- scutellum yellow, prominent, subpyramidal, notched at apex, in suture on each side several deep shining fovez ; metathorax very short and rounded at sides, without prominent angles, a small yellow spot on each side. Abdomen polished, impunctate, apparently with six segments ; second segment as long as all the following and with a yellow central band, or elongated spot on each side ; a yellowish spot at lateral base of segments 3 and 4, very faint on the latter; venter slightly pubescent, with double row of yellow spots on segments 1 to 5, largest on 2nd. This is the first record of the occurrence of any member of the. family Trigonalide in Canada, and I am indebted for the privilege of. describing the specimen to Mr. Fletcher, who received it in Sept., 1893,: from Mr. Wilkinson, of Victoria, B.C. It was taken from the cell of a wasp (probably Vespa occidentalis) which had built on his verandah, and he had observed that the wasps were rapidly decreasing in numbers, apparently from the presence of this parasite, and of a smaller species of hymenopteron, of which, unfortunately, no specimens appear to have been preserved. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 109 ITHYCERUS NOVEBORACENSIS, FORST. In former years I had found this beetle, the iargest and most con- spicuous weevil of our fauna, to occur only upon beeches, as noted in my sketch of the Rhyncophora, in Eleventh Annual Report. Such, also, was Mr. Chittenden’s record [Ent. Am., Vol. VI., 168]. Its infestation of the twigs of oak had been recorded by Riley, who described the larva. Its occurrence upon hickory is noted by Mr. Beutenmuller [Can. Enr., XXII., 201], and it is known as injurious to apple and other fruit trees. On June gth, 1895, I observed a pair in coztu upon the trunk of a hickory (Carya amara), where there were no beech trees near by, and on care- fully examining other hickories in the immediate vicinity I found five more pairs. Two or three days later I examined the same trees and could not detect a single beetle, nor did I find any on subsequent examinations. ‘This shows that missing the exact date for such an insect might lead to its escaping observation entirely, as those trees had been examined in former years. W. Hacue HarrincTon, A CORRECTION. For the new genus of Megalopvgidz, Arachycodion, described in the last volume of Can. Env., read Azdos, Hubn. The genus is not in Kirby’s Catalogue, and I thus came to overlook it. The following is the synonymy :— Genus Arpos, Hiibner. 1818. Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 191, No. 1962, Brachycodion, Dyar. 1895. Dyar, Can. Ent., XXVII., 244. Type A. amanda, Stoll. I must apologize for this synonym by hastening to correct it. Harrison G. Dyar. Through the kind consideration of Mr. A. R. Grote, the Society has been put in possession of his paper on the Apatelidz, noticed by Dr. H..G. Dyar, in Can. Ent., Vol. XXVIII, p. 86; also, the original photographs of the plates, beautifully executed, and greatly admired by all who see them. The form and ornamentation are displayed with remarkable life-like -distinctness, even to the tubercles and rounded bodies of the larve, which are somewhat lost on the plates, but well defined in the photos, testifying to the great advance that has been made in this method of illustrating entomology since Mr. Grote first adopted it twenty years ago. J. ALston Morrat, x 110 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NOTES ON NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA HYMENOPTERA. BY C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND, LAS CRUCES, NEW MEXICO. With the exception of some undetermined gallflies and parasites, the following list of 86 species contains all the Hymenoptera collected (and bred) by the author, in the South-west, of which it has proved pos- sible to get the names, except four mentioned in Can. EnT., 1892, p. 200. The gallflies and parasites above referred to will be recorded in some papers to be published in the future. The cottonwood, Blennocampa, mentioned in Can. EnT., 1893, p. 304, and in Zoe, ill., pp. 234-236, should also be included in the above exception. As the list is not large, the species are arranged alphabetically. The fact that I have not been abie to refer to Cresson’s catalogue explains this, as it does the absence in most cases of the authorities for the species. In the four cases where the query and asterisk occur, two species got mixed under one number in sending for identification to Ent. ews, so that it is uncertain to which the locality and notes belong. Agapostemon melliventris, Cr.—iLa Vega de San José, Valencia Co.,N. Mex., August 4. One. A small, elongate species, with head and thorax entirely vivid Paris-green colour. Abdomen, legs, and antennz yellow, the hind borders of segments brown. Det., Fox. Allantus unicinctus, Nort.—Hart Little Spring, Arizona, July 14. Seven specimens. Det., Fox. . Andrena, sp.—Las Cruces, N. Mex. One ¢. A moderately small, elongate, entirely black species. Wings slightly fuscous. Det., Fox. Andrena, sp.—Las Cruces, N. Mex. One ¢. Clypeus white. A small, elongate species. black; thorax and head whitish pubescent. Wings slightly smoky. Det., Fox. Anthidium, sp.—Las Cruces, N. Mex., May 17. One gf. A mod- erately small species with clear wings. Thorax with yellow border, except in front, and two delicate yellow vitte. Abdomen black, with yellow hind border to each segment. Det., Fox. Anthidium, sp. near mormonum.—Las Cruces, N. Mex. One A small form, with wings clear. Abdomen black, with irregular yellow hind borders to segments, interrupted in middle on six segments. Det., Fox. Anthidium interruptum, Say.—Chaves, N. Mex., August 6. Three. Las Cruces, N. Mex. One. Det., Fox. i Anthophora, sp.—Hart Little Spring, Arizona, July 14. One speci- men. A grayish pilose bee, larger than Alegachile relativa 3 , and with the abdominal bands of pile gray. Det., Fox. tad THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 111 _ Anthophora, sp., probably n. sp.—Chaves, Valencia County (near Los Lunas), N. Mex., August 6. One ¢. A species of moderate size, fulvous pilose, including first abdominal segment, rest of abdomen black with white or yellow hind borders to segments. Wingsclear. Det., Fox. Anthophora, n. sp.—La Vega de San José, N. Mex., August 4. One ¢. Wholly yellowish, whitish pilose, with clear wings. A rather large species. Det., Fox. (?) * Anthophora maculifrons ?—Las Cruces, N. Mex. One ¢. Small species, grayish cinereous pilose all over, only front border of abdominal segments 1 to 3 showing black. Pile on abdomen very short. Wings clear. Det., Fox. Anthophora montana, Cr.—La Vega de S. José, N. Mex., August 4. Two specimens. Det., Fox. Anthophora occidentalis, Cr.,4.—La Vega de S. José, N. Mex., Aug. 4. One ¢. Wholly yellowish, whitish pilose, with clear wings. A rather large species. Det., Fox. (?) * Anthophora Wailshii, Cr.,g.—La Vega de San José, N. Mex., Aug. 4. One. Clypeus white. Six abdominal segments with white hind margins. Det., Fox. Braconid.—Grand Canyon, Arizona; Hance trail, July rrth. One specimen. A bright red species, with wings fuscous or black. Det., Fox. Calliopsis, sp.—Las Cruces, N. Mex. Two. Det., Fox. Ceceris (sic Cerceris?) venator, Cr.—Chaves (near Los Lunas), N. Mex., August 6. One. Very like Zucerceris, sp., but basal abdominal segment smaller and black. Det., Riley. Centris, sp. 2 (2 of /anosa ?).—Las Cruces, N. Mex. One. Det., Fox. Cerceris bicornuta, Say.—La Vega de San José, N. Mex, August 4. Two. Det., Riley. Chalybion ceruleum, L.—La Vega de San José, N. Mex., August 4. One. A small bluish-black wasp, a common species in the Eastern U.S. Det., Riley. Chelonus sériceus, Say.—Continental Divide, Tenaja, N. Mex., Aug. 2. One. A blackish saw-fly (?). Det., Riley. Chlorion occultus—La Vega de San José, N. Mex., Aug. 4. One specimen. El Rito, N. Mex., Aug. 5. One specimen. Det., Fox. Crabro, sp.—Hart Little Spring, Arizona, July 14. One. A black, shining hornet, with abdomen banded with yellow, but no yellow on scutellum. Det., Fox. 112 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Crabro, sp., near Packardi.—Hart Little Spring, Arizona, July 14. One. A black hornet, of narrowed form. Abdomen banded with yellow, legs yellow. Det., Fox. Crabro delectus, Cr., &.—Continental Divide, Tenaja, N. Mex., Aug. 2. One. A small black and deep yellow hornet. ‘It was infested with two dozen small rufous mites on dorsum of base of abdomen. Det., Riley. : Crabro minimus, Pk.—lLas Cruces, N. Mex. Name com. by Prof. Cockerell. _Det., Fox. Cryptus, sp. aff. americanus.—Hart Little Spring, Arizona, July 14. One specimen. A good-sized black ichneumonid with red abdomen. Det., Hox: (7)-* Cryptus callipterus, Say, g 9?.—Las Cruces, N. Mex. An ichneu- monid. Two females and two males. One of the males is considerably smaller and more slender, and generally darker. Det., Riley. Cryptus proximus, Cr.—Hart Little Spring, Arizona, July 4 and 14. Two specimens. Det., Fox. [TO BE CONTINUED. | BOOK NOTICES. *“ Handbuch der palaarktischen Gross-Schmetterlinge fur Forcher und Sammler.” by Dr. M. Standfuss, Jena, 1896 (Verlag von Gustav | Fisher). This is a second edition of the ‘“ Handbuch fiir Sammler der europaischen Gross -Schmetterlinge” rearranged and enlarged by the addition of certain studies in the theory of descent; 392 pages, and eight coloured lithographic plates. The author gives an extensive account of the methods of collecting, of breeding larvee, pairing of imagoes, both of the same and of different species, etc., interspersed with interesting philosophical remarks. As the preface says, “this book unites in itself two objects: lepidopterological practice and scientific - zoological speculation.” The special case of hybridization recounted in detail, on pages 66 to 107, represents a wery neat piece of work. The author shows, by considerations of the THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 113 égg, larva, pupa, and imago, that the three Saturnias, sf777, pavonia and pyri, differ in degree of specialization ; that they are phylogenetically of different ages, sfinz being the oldest, or least specialized, and pyri the youngest form. The hybrid larve between the first two and last two are figured adjacent to the normal forms, and the greater resemblance of the bybrid to the more generalized form in each case is striking, thus neatly confirming the conclusions already reached, and all on the lines laid down by Weismann. Our author also gives an account of experiments on the effects of different temperatures on hibernating larve and pupe, with figures of some of the forms of imago produced. There is an account of varia- tion, seasonal dimorphism, local forms, etc., discussed from the most recent scientific standpoint. The book contains much of interest which it is unfortunate that we are not able to enjoy more easily in an English edition. Harrison G. Dyar. British Morus, by J. W. Tutt. London: George Routledge & Sons: Pp. 365. The young collector in the British Isles will no doubt welcome this manual, which will not only help him to name any specimen that he may coliect, but give him also much information regarding the habits of the moth in its preparatory as well as perfect stages. It is written in the author’s well-known pleasant and readable style, and is not merely a dry handbook. ‘There are twelve coloured plates and over sixty wood-cuts, illustrating the majority of the families. There are also a number of tables, giving the times of year when the species may be looked for in the egg, larval, pupal, and perfect states ; the food-plant of the larva; the location of the pupa; and notes on the variety or abundance of the moth. It would have added much, we think, to the handiness of the book if it had contained comparative tables of genera and species as well. RANDOM RECOLLECTIONS OF WOODLAND, FEN, AND HILL, by J. W. Tutt., F. E. S. London: George Gill & Sons. Pp. 256. [2s. 6d.] We are glad to see that a second edition of this delightful little book on outdoor natural history has been called for. In this new issue the matter has been, to some extent, rearranged and revised, and its attrac- tiveness has been much enhanced by a pretty cover and over a hundred excellent illustrations. Though it deals with ‘‘ Old Country” scenes, and the insects, birds, and plants that frequent them, it can be read with great interest by any lover of nature in any part of the world. 114 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLUGIST, REPORT OF OBSERVATIONS OF INJURIOUS INSECTS AND COMMON FARM PESTS DURING THE YEAR 1895, WITH METHODS OF PREVENTION anD Remepy. Nineteenth Report, by Eleanor A. Ormerod, F. R. Met. Soc., etc. This splendid report fully sustains the high standard of excellence which has characterized Miss Ormerod’s previous publications. The preface shows that the unusual and prolonged low temperature of the winter of 1894-95 had apparently but little affected the insects which it might be supposed to destroy. The following pests are treated of in separate chapters: Apple, Smerinthus ocellatus ; bean, Bruchus rufimanus and B. fabe; cabbage, Ceutorhynchus sulcicollis; corn and grass, Chareas graminis, Cetonia aurata, Phyllopertha horticola, Melolontha vulgaris, Rhizotrogus solstitialis, Tipula maculosa and Oscinis frit; gooseberry, Bryobia pretiosa, B. ribis and Nematus ribesii; mangolds, Aphis rumicis, Silpha opaca and Atomarita linearis; orchard caterpillars, Cheimatobia brumata; pine, Astynomus adilis and Retinia buoliana,; plum, Scolytus rugulosus ; strawberry, Harpalus ruficornis, Pterostichus madidus and F. vulgaris; turmp, Helophorus rugosus. The ravages of the bean weevil appear to have been serious, and those of the ground beetles, upon strawberry, have been more extensive - than in previous years. Ninety-three pages are occupied with the discus- sion of the above mentioned insects, while fifty are allotted to “ Flies injurious to horses, cattle,” etc. These chapters are exceedingly interest- ing, and several species of Hippoboscide, Tabanidz, and (Estride, which are very annoying and injurious to domestic animals, are fully and clearly discussed. In connection with the account of the attacks of the Forest Fly, Hippobosca eqguina, are given two magnificent plates showing upper and side views of the foot of this fly, the tarsi of which are so modified as to enable it to secure a most firm grip on the hairs of the animal upon which it alights. The report concludes with a chapter on Deer and Dog Ticks, very troublesome mites belonging to the Ixodidz. W. He Mailed April Ist. JOBING MM DENTON: i The Ganadian Hntomolagist : VoL. XXVIII. LONDON, MAY, 1896. JOHN M. DENTON. It is with profound regret that we record the death of our old friend and highly-esteemed colleague, Mr. John M. Denton, of London, Ontario, who was one of the early members of the Entomological Society and always took a very lively interest in its welfare. For some months he had heen in poor health, owing to an affection of the liver, but was able to attend his place of business from time to time, and to take part in the proceedings of our annual meeting in November last, when many of us saw him for the last time. In January his illness assumed a more acute form and confined him to the house. On Tuesday, March 24th, he was seized with paralysis and before midnight passed peacefully away. Mr. Denton was born in Northampton, England, on the roth of September, 1829. His father was a farmer by occupation, and he was consequently brought up in the country amidst rural scenes and learnt there to love and observe the beauties of nature. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to a woollen draper and tailor, and spent seven years in thoroughly learning the trade and becoming proficient in all its details. For a few years he was engaged in business on his own account, and in 1855 married Miss Ann Walker, of Somersetshire, England, who survives him. He then emigrated to Canada and settled in London, and at once resumed his occupation as a tailor, having but little to begin upon except a hopeful heart and a thoroughly practical English training. By patient industry, unfailing courtesy, and unswerving integrity, he built up by degrees a most successful business as a merchant tailor, and won the respect and esteem of the whole community. Living on a farm in his boyhood and apprenticed at so early an age, he had but little opportunity of acquiring a literary education, but by constant application and careful reading he overcame these disadvantages 116 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. and attained a more than ordinary knowledge of the subjects that inter- ested him. Foremost among these was Entomology, which he studied especially in its economic aspects as affecting live stock, fruit trees, garden and field crops. He became an authority on these topics, and was frequently called upon to address meetings of farmers and fruit growers and give them the benefit of his knowledge and experience. His love of the farm continued throughout his life, and he devoted much of the time that he could spare from business to the cultivation of a fruit farm a few miles from London. He was no mean authority upon horses and cattle and had a considerable knowledge of their diseases and most satisfactory treatment. He was also an adept with the microscope and took great delight in searching into the hidden beauties of nature. When the London branch of the Entomological Society was formed in July, 1864, he was one of the original members, and took a most active interest in it and the parent Society to the close of his life. He was elected Vice-President of the London branch in 1872, and President in 1878 and several years following. In 1871 he became a member of the Council of the parent Society and continued to hold office for five and twenty years; in 1892 he was elected Vice-President, but he would never allow himself to be nominated for the Presidency, though urged to do so more than once. He was also an active member of the Ontario Fruit Growers’ Association and gave much assistance to its work. He was a man of deep religious feelings and of earnest but unobtru- sive piety. Though a leader of the Plymouth Brethren, he never in- truded his views upon those who differed from him. The writer knew him well fer a great number of years, and during his visits to London often enjoyed his hospitality, but never did he hear a word fall from his lips that could wound in the slightest degree the susceptibilities of those who did not accept the theological opinions that were so dear to him. He was a good, honest, sterling man whom all respected and whom his friends loved; kind, charitable, and generous ; courteous in manner, most hospitable in his home, above reproach in business ; a man who is a distinct loss to the city in which he lived, and whose death creates a blank in the hearts of his friends which can never in this life be filled. To his childless, sorrowing widow we tender our deepest, sincerest sympathy. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 117 CAPTAIN J. GAMBLE GEDDES. It is our painful duty to record the loss of another active member of the Entomological Society of Ontario. At two o’clock on Good Friday morning, April the 3rd, Captain J. Gamble Geddes died after a few days’ illness, brought on by a severe cold. He was born in Montreal in 1850, and educated there. When a young man he entered the service of the Molsons Bank and was for some time attached to the office in London. He at once joined the Society and became an enthusiastic member. In 1874 he was elected Secretary-Treasurer of the London branch ; in 1875, Vice-President ; in 1876, President. He left London on his appoint- ment as manager of the agency of Molsons Bank at Millbrook. Here, living in the country, he devoted most of his leisure time to the collec- tion and study of insects, applying himself especially to the Lepidoptera. In 1880 he left the Bank and was appointed Aide-de-Camp and Private Secretary to the Hon. John Beverley Robinson, during his term of office as Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario. Being fond of society, of handsome presence and devoted to music, he became a great favourite among the social circles of Toronto, among whom much of his time was accordingly spent. He did not, however, abandon the pursuit of Entomology, but succeeded, by correspondence and exchange, in addition to the captures of his own net, in forming a large and valuable collection of butterflies from all parts of the world. This he sold to the Dominion Government, and it now forms the nucleus of the collection in the Geological Museum at Ottawa. He made expeditions in 1883 and 1884, to Manitoba and the Northwest Territories, as far as the Rocky Mountains, in quest of butterflies, and added much to the knowledge of their geographical distribution and habits. On several occasions he visited England, and spent some time in Germany and also in Bermuda. Wherever he went he made the acquaintance of the leading Entomologists and added to his stock of knowledge. His first contribution to this magazine was in 1874, when he wrote No. 14 of a series of articles on “Some Common Insects ”—‘“ The 118 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Common Cockchafer,” C. E., Vol. VL, p. 67. His subsequent papers were the following :— ‘List of Diurnal Lepidoptera collected in the Northwest Territories and the Rocky Mountains in 1883,” C. E., XV., 221; XVI, 56, 224; XVII., 120 ; one hundred and twenty-six species were enumerated. ‘‘ Kuptoieta Claudia,” C. E., XVII., 60 (1885). ‘““Notes on Three Small Collections of Diurnal Lepidoptera, made in 1886” |These were made in Newfoundland, the Kamanistiquia River, Lake Superior, and Hudson Straits], C. E., XVIII., 204. ‘Some Notes on the Genera Colias and Argynnis whilst alive in the Imago State,” C. E., XIX., 166 and 230 (1887). ‘*Notes for Collectors visiting the Prairies and Rocky Mountains,” C..E., XXI., 57 (1889). " Colias: Chione,” CoH, pexetns 0: He also contributed the following articles to the Annual Reports of the Society :— “Some Remarkable Captures in Ontario,” 18th Report, 1877, page 21. “On Some of the Collections in England and the German Empire,” 22nd Report, 1891, p. 31. ‘‘Insects Collected in Bermuda during the Winter of 1894,” 25th Report, 1894, p. 25. In addition to his love for Entomology, be took a great interest in Philatelics, and formed a large and valuable collection of postage stamps, He was an accomplished musician, and usually sang in the choir of the church that he attended; he was also a member of the Philharmonic Society of Toronto. He belonged to the Masonic Order, in politics was a strong Conservative, and in religion a member of the Church of England. His wife, who was a daughter of the late Edward C. Jones, of Toronto, died a little more than a year ago. ‘The untimely death of Capt. Geddes was no doubt hastened by her loss. They have left two little orphan girls, aged three and five years respectively. The writer, who knew him intimately from his boyhood, deeply deplores his loss, and his grief is shared in by a very large circle of relatives and friends. Pe ee ee THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 119 TWO NEW SPECIES OF PAPIRIUS. BY JUSTUS WATSON FOLSOM, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Papirius vittatus, n. sp. Younger specimens dark purple above with pearly markings, lavender or lilac beneath; older ones maroon to almost black above, sides mottled with several shades of purple and brown. Head free, purple, with a broad, white transverse band across the front; oral region whitish ; vertex with a distinct, white, sagittate mark from antennz to prothorax ; a black ocellus-like speck on the middle of the vertex; a few short bristles upon vertex and front ; eyes dark, close behind antennz upon a black patch narrowly surrounded by purple. Antenne longer than the body, except in largest individuals, segments variable in relative length, but approximately in the ratio of 1:6:7:1.5 or 1:7:9:2 ; basal segments stout, as long as broad, brownish, with short, white bristles ; second brownish at base, purple at middle, pearly apically, hairy distally ; third purple, hairy, with obscure, whorled subsegments on apical half, broaden- ing towards apex, penultimate subsegment swollen on one side ; terminal segment purple, lanceolate in outline with five to seven distinct, whorled subsegments. Body ovate dorsally with a re-entering angle. Dorsum dark purple to blackish, with a pattern in pearly white, essentially as follows: On anterior half of dorsum a median longitudinal purple streak between two pearly streaks with dentate margins; behind these a squarish purple spot bounded by pearly and bisected by a short, median longitudinal, pearly streak; on either side, two short, irregular, pearly lobes extending obliquely forwards ; next behind on the median line are one to three roundish purple spots broadly surrounded by pearly white ; on posterior of abdomen a long, oblique pearly bar directed forwards from either side of the median line. Largest abdominal segment with a small, pale tubercle on either side of the middle. Dorsum naked anteriorly, with short white bristles posteriorly. Anal tubercle with bristles four times as long, and with a median longitudinal purple bar. Sides purple to blackish, with conspicuous hazel, chestnut and cinnamon mottlings. Thorax with a broad, lateral, longitudinal pearly band, some- times replaced by one to four bright white spots. Sides of abdomen with two to five large, conspicuous, pure white spots, widely separated. Ventral surface lilac or lavender. Ventral filaments extensible to the length of the antenne. Legs long, purple and yellow ; tibia with broad alternate bands of dark violet and wax-yellow, white bristly. Claws 120 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. white ; superior claw long, tapering, rather straight, six toothed ; inner edge with two prominent teeth at about equal intervals ; two more on both sides near the outer edge, dividing it into thirds ; inferior claw half as long as the other, straight, tapering, bearing subapically a slender bristle longer than the claw, also a tooth upon a swelling on the inner edge near the base. Furcula almost reaching the head ; manubrium stout, purple; dentes twice as long, slender, pale lilac, each with long white bristles on either side, and a single, extra long ventral, subapical bristle ; mucrones white, less than one-third the dentes, narrowly elliptical, ventral concavity shallow, with distinctly serrate edges, apex clearly emarginate, having a median, rounded quadrate notch between two rounded teeth. Maximum length, 3.3 mm. Described from over fifty specimens. This species was found abundantly in February and March of this year, in a greenhouse at Cambridge, Mass., upon wet, decaying wood, and upon the outside of alga-coated flowerpots, especially in warm, moist and shaded situations. P. vittatus is closely allied to P. marmoratus, Pack. I have examined the types of the latter species which have shrivelled and lost colour, yet show distinct, structural differences from P. vittatus, especially in the claws and mucrones. / marmoratus has a longer, oblong mucro, not emarginate, but terminating in a distinct, rounded lobe ; the distal spines of the dentes are clearly barbellate; claws shorter and stouter ; the superior claw has four teeth much more obscure than the six of vittatus: an evident tooth on the middle of the inside, a second, obscure, midway towards the apex, and a pair of small lateral teeth near the outer edge, one-third from the apex; the inferior claw has a short, apical bristle, and is less dilated basally than in P. vittatus. This species is easily recognized by the broad white head band, the sagittate mark, the three median dorsal streaks, and the brilliant white spots on the sides of the abdomen. Papirius opalinus, n. sp. General colour orange-rufous or ferruginous. Head, first two antennal segments, anal tubercle, and legs pale orange-ochraceous. Head with a few short bristles on front; vertex almost naked, swollen dorsally ; eye spots black, often quadrate. Antennz shorter than the body, from three-quarters to one-half as long, according to age; basal THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 121 segment twice as long as broad, naked; second three or four times as long, knotty, hairy towards apex; third purple, four or five times the basal, knotted, hairy except basally, obliquely dilated but squarely articulated at apex; terminal segment purple, half again the basal, lanceolate, moderately long, white, hairy. Body regular, elongate-oval in dorsal outline ; anterior dorsum naked, translucent orange-ochraceous with a broad and long median shading of green due to chlorophyll in the stomach (lateral, convulsive movements of which are easily observ- able in living specimens); posterior dorsum and sides orange-rufous to dark ferruginous, often with a tinge of maroon, the general colour being due to the combined effect of minute orange-ochraceous and ferruginous mottlings ; posterior dorsum with short white bristles upon minute, round, orange-ochraceous spots ; anal tubercle hardly visible from above, bristly. Ventral surface pale yellow, with three pairs of smooth, buff-yellow tubercles: a small, rounded tubercle on either side the manubrium ; a large, oval, oblique one either side the middle ; a narrow, oblique pair anterior to these ; ventral tube pale orange-ochraceous, transparent, buff- yellow inside at base; tube plus protruded filaments one-fourth longer than the antenne. Legs slender ; femur with sparse, short bristles ; tibia paler distally, stout spiny at moderate intervals ; claws white, very stout ; superior claw of almost uniform width, little curved towards the mucronate apex, six toothed: inner edge with a tooth at the middle, and another midway between it and the apex; two pairs of lateral teeth, similarly placed near the outer edge ; inferior claw two-thirds as long as the other, long triangular, tipped with a short bristle from a stout, straight midrib ; inner edge sinuate or straight, with a short bristle one- third from base. Furcula short, reaching to ventral tube ; manubrium extending beyond anal tubercle, sparsely hairy ; dentes twice as long, stout, pale orange-rufous, with short, lateral bristles, and several longer, ventral bristles at regular intervals ; mucrones white, one-fourth dentes in length, oblong, finely serrate beneath, apex rounded. Maximum length, 1.6 mm. Described from over fifty specimens. This species occurred abundantly with P. wzt/atus at the same time and place, feeding upon algz on the outside of flowerpots, and, curiously, having the exact colour of the latter. Types of the above species have been. given to the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Mass. 122 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. LEPYRUS. BY JOHN HAMILTON, M. D., ALLEGHENY, PENN. The species of Lepyrus in North America have not heretofore been well understood. The genus has recently been treated monographically by an American writer, several forms being described for the first time : one of these has since been discovered to be identical with the European capucinus, Schall, and geminatus, Say, to be palustris, Scop. To make these species better known is the object of the present paper, and the following synonymy and bibliography are presented :— LEPYRUS PALUSTRIS, Scop., 1763, Entomol. Carniol, 33; co/oz, Linn., 1771, Mant., p. 531; Kirby, Faun. Boreal, IV., 197; Leconte, Mon. Rhyn., p. 127; geminatus, Say, Lec. ed., I., 273 ; gemznatus, Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., VIII, 825. In the work referred to, co/on = PALUSTRIS, which to that time had been considered common to the two hemispheres, was suppressed, and the American form united with gemnatus, the reasons being an alleged more elongate form, much larger and more transverse prothorax carinate along the middle, a carinate beak, and much sparser vestiture. The reasons assigned conclusively prove that the writer was not well acquainted with the European form as a whole, nor even with the American. Such differences do exist, but they are merely individual and apply equally well to the extremes of the individuals of either continent. Here it may be remarked that the European examples usually seen in collections rarely fairly represent the species, being mostly the largest and more conspicuous, which are the most uniform and least characteristic : that most frequently seen here being the form with a long cylindrical sub- or non-carinate beak. That the individuals of this species are very variable in Europe is evident from the number of named varieties in the catalogue, and that the same holds good here may be seen in any collection containing examples from all parts of the Continent where it inhabits. Before me are fifty examples from several localities in Europe (Italy, Austria, Switzerland, France, Portugal), exhibiting great diversity in form, size, sculpture and vestiture, but finding counterparts in the American forms before me from Massachusetts, New York, Canada, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado (Greely, Garland), Nebraska, Manitoba (Winnipeg). The only constant characters I have yet discovered among these diversified forms are in the meso- sternum, which is flat bétween the coxe, a little narrower and more triangular in the male than in the female; and in the tibial situation of the THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 123 femora, with a small mucro internally (sometimes not very evident). Where these characters are found, however diverse the forms, specific unity is indicated. Before drawing comparisons, it will give better results to note the differences among the foreign forms, and for contrast, that approximating most closely the American as described by Kirby is selected for descrip- tion. Alate, surface black, clothed with gray, hair-like scales, an oblique stripe on each side of the thorax, a spot on the fourth interval of the elytra in front of middle, and a row of spots on each side of the abdomen of longer, denser white scales; the femora also annulate with white; the abdominal spots are more frequently yellow, and often the stripes on the thorax. Head densely squamulose, finely and closely punctate, a linear fovea between the eyes; antennz with the first joint of the funicle short and thick, second longer and attenuate to base, scape attaining the eye or not, according to the length of the rostrum ; beak a little longer than the thorax, cylindriform, a little dilated in front of the insertion of the antennz, densely squamulose, finely and closely punctate, carina fine, attaining the frontal fovea or not. Thorax coniform, narrowed, more or less sinuously, from base to apex, where it is slightly constricted and about two-thirds as wide as at base, one-fourth wider than long ; disk irregular, often flattened and ureyen, densely punctato-rugose, varying from fine to coarse; sides coarsely tuberculo-rugose, median carina ending in the basal depression, sometimes abbreviated, sometimes obsolescent. Elytra three-fourths wider than thorax, about one-half longer than wide, apices mostly separately acuminate and porrect, sometimes conjointly rounded with a slight notch, serial punctures variable in size and closeness, intervals mostly even, sometimes the third, fifth and seventh wider and elevated. Femora mostly armed with a small spine ; mesosternum flat, more or less triangular, The following individual variations may be noted :— Rostrum—Varies from about as long as the thorax to one-fifth longer, sometimes strongly cylindrical in the longer beaked, in which the carina is weak and frequently apical; more quadrate in the shorter beaked, with the carina stronger, often attaining the fovea. Antenne.—In examples with short rostrum the scape reaches the eye, but not in those with it elongated. Thorax.—One-fourth to one-fifth wider than long, sides often a little dilated at apical third ; other variations are mentioned in the description. Elytra.—The serial punctures may be large and irregularly spaced or smaller and closer ; examples of the same length vary in the median width of the elytra one-sixth of the width or more ; the humeral angles are usually rounded to thorax, but not infrequently full and obtusely angulate. Other variations are noted in the description. Vestiture.—In the form described it is long, hair-like, and moder- ately evenly distributed over the surface ; in other forms it is so short as to but imperfectly conceal the surface ; in others both lengths occur ; the colour varies from uniformly cinereous to uniformly yellowish-brown, the 124 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. intermediates being variously tessellated or spotted with white, brown, yellow, and gray scales irregularly intermixed ; the thoracic stripes, the elytral and abdominal spots, and the spots frequently seen on the apical protuberances vary from white to yellow. Femora.—TVhe internal angle of the sinuation for the tibia is nearly always armed with a minute spine in all the femora, but to be seen in some examples requires close observation, and seems occasionally to be obsolete. Contrasted with the European pa/ustrvis as a whole the American completely harmonizes, while at the same time it is just as variable and might likewise be separated into varieties ; there might be a var. Kirdy- anus, a Var. geminatus, etc. The rostrum, while mostly shorter, with the scape attaining the eye, is occasionally as long as in any of the European examples ; it is usually stouter, more quadrate and with a stronger carina, but these differences are not constant. The thorax in general offers few points, the most noticeable being that the median carina is usually stronger and seldom absent. The elytra while variable individually in regard to the serial punctures, form and punctuation of the elytral intervals, do not differ in these respects from what is seen in the European. The form vestiture and coloration are in no way different. The mesosternum and femoral armature are identical. These two characters with the forms of the first two joints of the funicle are very constant in every variety of both countries and the only ones yet discovered which can claim absolute specific value. This species varies in length from .26 to .45 inch. I have taken it in Canada on the willow, and it is said to occur likewise on the aspen (Populus). It seems to be the species most commonly met with ; besides the places heretofore mentioned, it is reported from Louisiana and Illinois. The question has been asked: With what species did Dr. Leconte compare geminatus, since colon has the tips of the elytra acuminate [Mon. Rync.]? I can only say that it may have been an example of colon with the tips conjointly rounded, which sometimes occurs ; or it may have been capucinus, in which they are habitually rounded and which is labelled coon in some collections. Say’s geminatus had a white spot on the elytra, Dr. Leconte’s a yellow one. In some collections all examples with the spot white are labelled co/on; all with it yellow THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 125 geminatus ; in collections containing capucinus, which is not very common, that species is labelled co/om ; and all others gemnatus, without regard to the colour of the elytral spot, and again that is labelled geminatus and all others co/on. L. capucinus, Schall., a/ternans, Casey.— Length, .36-.45 inch. Habitat— Michigan, New Hampshire, Maine. Black, apterous, form robust, vestiture variable. Rostrum stout, longer than the thorax, sulcate on each side of the carina which attains the frontal fovea or not, closely, unevenly, partly confluently punctured ; scape of the antennz attaining the eye or not, the first and second joints subequal in some examples, the second much longer in others, probably sexual differences. Thorax transverse, wider than long, sides parallel to apical third, then rapidly rounding to apical constriction, apex one-fourth narrower than base ; sub-convex, surface even, a slight depression in front of scutellum, closely covered with granuloid tuberculations small on the disk, larger and rugous on the sides ; median carina fine, mostly attaining the base Elytra oval, in general one-half longer than wide, two-thirds to three-fourths wider than thorax ; striate, striz obscured by the vestiture, but when denuded, deep and narrow, with a row of punctures in the bottom ; intervals either regular and evenly spaced or irregular with the first and third wider, the others perceptibly narrower and slightly furrowed along the middle ; the granuloid tubercles vary from excessively fine to moderately coarse ; apices con- jointly rounded. The anterior femora in the male have the tibial sinuation rectangu- larly laminate on the upper side, and usually the middle and posterior ; mesosternum elevated between the coxee. The vestiture is variable, but mostly of gray and whitish elongate scales evenly intermixed, sparse, not concealing the black surface, the usual median spot on the elytra absent, but a white one on each apical protuberance, the abdominal spots wanting or only traceable in a few denser white hairs. In an example from New Hampshire the vestiture is mottled and denser, the abdominal and median elytral spots present. In the European examples seen (all males) there are no abdominal nor median elytral spots, and the vestiture is that first described. The fuller description of the present species, with more ample material than that of Mr. Casey, has reduced the alleged differences between this and Canadensis, Casey, to this: Striz not distinctly punctured, Cana- densis ; striz distinctly punctured, capucinus (alternans). ‘This seems to be too small a difference, all other things being equal, on which to base a species, especially in a genus where the individual characters are so instable. LEPYRUS PERFORATUS, Casey.—While this species in form is similar to palustris, and with the same form of ornamentation, yet it is struc- turally different ; the femoral sinuation is gradually rounded, not spinose as in palustris, nor angulate as in capucinus; the mesosternum is sub- elevated, not flat as in the former, nor so prominent as in the latter. The general vestiture is very short and sparse, not concealing the tuber- cular rugosities and variously tessellate with minute, denser, pale scales ; the elytra and under side are covered with distant, small, polished black 126 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, tuberculoid granules, much larger on the thorax ; the intervals are slightly alternately narrower, sometimes on the same plane, sometimes the narrower deeply depressed, producing a costate appearance ; the serial punctures are large and unevenly spaced; the apices are conjointly rounded with a slight notch. This species is fully as large as gemedlus. The examples seen are from Vancouver Island and the high mountains of British Columbia. Mr. Casey has described some forms which have not been seen. L. OREGONUS, the describer states, differs from palustris (geminatus ) in the more elongate form, much smaller and Jess transverse prothorax, longer and almost non-carinate beak, coarser serial punctures, and more prominent sutural angles of the elytra. Habitat—Oregon. L. PINGUIS, Casey, is said to differ from geminatus by its more obese form, stouter beak and coarser punctuation, more exposed humeri, more declivous elytra and denser vyestiture. Habitat—Colorado (Rocky Mountains). L. ERRANS, Casey, is described from a unique taken in the mountains of New Mexico, near Abiquire, in which the elytral intervals are separated rather by striz than by series of punctures, alternately narrower and depressed, the narrower more finely sculptured and clothed with denser brown squamules ; the elytra tessellated with patches of denser pale scales, and the usual median spot not distinguishable. The beak is longer than the thorax, with a broad and feeble carina. L. CANADENSIS, Casey.—As stated under cafucinus, this species should probably go into synonymy, but the form has not been seen and there may be some really specific structure not mentioned by the de- scriber. The length is given at .44 inch, and the habitat, Canada (Nortk- west). L. GEMELLUS, Kirby.—This species is only mentioned to complete the genus ; it is not nearly related to any of the others ; more elongate, elytra longer with four or five broad elevated interspaces separated by strie-like impressions, each interspace with a depressed linear furrow, roughly scalerous, lines of denser white scales on the intervals simulating vittee ; thoracic stripes and abdominal spots white, median elytral spot absent ; mesosternum as in ferforatus, the femoral sinuosity a little more abrupt. Length .4o-.50 inch. Habitat—Vancouver Island to Hudson Bay. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ty Though the genus has but recently been treated monographically, after disposing of geminatus and a/ternans, it was thought it might be useful to state briefly the characters assigned to the other species, as in all probability the large majority of the readers of the CANADIAN ENnToMOLocIstT will never see the memoir alluded to. The genus Zepyrus affords grand opportunities for the creation of — species to entomologists who form them on the same basis as those of rocks and minerals. THE MALE OF MONODONTOMERUS MONTIVAGUS, ASHM. g.—About 44% mm. long, moderately dull brassy-green (about the colour of some species of Dodichopus, which it superficially resembles); , third abdominal segment above blackish ; tips of femora, and whole of tibiz and tarsi, reddish-ochreous. Wings hyaline, veins dark brown. Antenne black, scape greenish. Head rather finely punctate, rather broad, eyes prominent, vertex somewhat flattened. Antenne rather short, scape very peculiar, irregularly reniform, the distal swelling largest ; flagellum uniformly cylindrical, except the tip, which is transversely flattened. Thorax narrow, strongly punctate. Parapsidal grooves deep. and complete. Scutellum with a transverse furrow, and its posterior margin occupied by a ridge which is foveolate above. Tegule green. Stigma bifurcated; post-marginal vein nearly twice as long as stigmal. Posterior femora beneath very finely denticulated, with one large tooth about the beginning of its distal fifth. Abdomen narrow, shining ; first segment smooth on dorsum, remaining segments finely transversely striate. Second segment extremely narrow on dorsum. Hab.—On leaf of Populus, sp., campus of N. M. Agricultural College, Las Cruces, N. M., May 8, 1895. (CkIl. 2945.) This species was described from a ? taken by the writer at West Cliff, Colorado. The dg, now first described, seems to differ considerably, and I should never have referred it to the same species, but for the fact that Mr. Ashmead assures me that the identity is certain. According to Howard’s synopsis of the genera of Chalcidide, it would not go into Monodontomerus, which has the posterior femora smooth beneath, except for the large tooth. ‘The insect is a parasite of wild bees. T. D. A. COCKERELL. 128 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. THE CIGAR CASE-BEARER OF THE APPLE (COLEOPHORA LETCHERELLA). BY JAMES FLETCHER, OTTAWA. FIG. 12—CIGAR CASE-BEARERS AT WORK—NATURAL SIZE. (Figure copied from Cornell Bulletin, No. 93, by M. V. Slingerland.) In 1889 I received from the late William Brown, of Charlottetown, P. E. I., some Jarve of a small case-bearer, which he had found in large numbers upon his plum trees, and which also occurred in his pear and apple orchards. Since that time this insect has made itself well-known by its injuries in apple orchards in various localities in the Maritime Provinces, and in the Provinces of Quebec and Ontario. A _ beautifully THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 129 illustrated and carefully prepared bulletin has been issued by Mr. M. V. Slingerland, of Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, in which the life history of this most interesting but very serious enemy of the fruit grower is fully described. The above illustration, kindly lent by the editor of the Canadian Horticulturist, is copied from that bulletin. The localities in Canada where this little pest has been most injurious are situated along the northern shore of Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence. Dr. Young, of Adolphustown, in whose orchard of Duchess of Oldenburgh and Russet apples the first important occurrence of this insect as an apple pest was observed, states that they were first noticed in his orchard about 1885. Reports of its ravages have also been received from Oshawa, Port Hope, and Maitland, Ont., in all of which places it had an appreciable effect on the yield of the orchards. The life history may be summarized as follows: The eggs, which are described by Mr. Slingerland as beautiful objects, are of a delicate light lemon-yellow colour, deeply pitted with triangular depressions sepa- rated by narrow ridges. They are very minute, and are deposited by the females among the hairs of the new shoots and on the under sides of the youngest leaves. The egg stage lasts about two weeks, the little cater- pillars emerging in the latter half of july. For the first period of their lives they are miners feeding on the inner tissues of the leaves. After two or three weeks they make small, rather flat and elongated, curved cases, in which they pass the winter. ‘These cases, inside which they live and which they carry about with them, are made of pieces of the upper and lower skins of the mined part of the leaf, lined inside with silk. The two surfaces of the leaf are easily recognizable on the cases from the pubescence of that side which was taken from the lower surface. Soon after making these winter cases, the caterpillars, now about a quarter grown, migrate to the twigs of the tree and fasten themselves securely to the bark. In badly infested orchards they are sometimes found clustered in hundreds around the fruit spurs. As soon as growth begins the following year, about the beginning of May, the case-bearers crawl out to the opening buds, and at this-time 130 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. their injuries are considerable, as they attack not only the young leaves, but also the flower buds. ‘The winter curved cases are retained for a short time in spring, and are enlarged by the addition of small pieces of the skin of the leaves attached to the orifice, but after two or three weeks are discarded and another kind of case is made of the same material. This summer case, from which this insect takes its name, is shaped exactly like a miniature cigar. It is brown and very tough; the upper end is con- tracted abruptly into a three-limbed, star-shaped orifice, the lips of which fit closely together. Through this hole the excrement of the caterpillar is ejected, and ultimately the pretty little steel-gray moth will make its exit. The full-grown caterpillars, which are orange coloured, with black heads and dark feet, four millimetres in length, change to dark brown chrysalids inside the cases about the end of June, and the moths appear about three weeks later. REMEDIES: The Cigar Case-bearer, when numerous, is a serious pest of the apple tree, and occasionally also of the pear and plum. The most injury results from the young caterpillars early in spring attacking the unexpanded buds, and later the flower stems, the forming fruit, and the foliage. The results of experiments show that this insect can be controlled by spraying with Paris green and kerosene emulsion ; but very thorough and persistent work is necessary. The best results have followed spraying the infested trees very early in the spring with kerosene emulsion, and repeat- ing the operation once or twice at short intervals, four or five days later. The first application may be made with the standard Riley-Hubbard emulsion reduced with only five parts of water. After the leaves expand, the emulsion should be diluted with nine parts of water. Good results have also been obtained by spraying with Paris green (Paris green, 1 lb., quicklime, 1 lb., in 200 gallons of water). Now that the operation for spraying fruit trees with different compounds for the destruction of injurious insects and fungi is getting to be generally adopted by the best fruit growers throughout Canada, the only change necessary in the advised methods will be to spray rather oftener where this insect is known to occur. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 131 NEW AMERICAN PARASITIC CYNIPIDA (ALLOTRIINA). BY CARL F. BAKER, FORT COLLINS, COLO. All of the species described below were taken in Colorado. For most of the specimens I am indebted to the industry of my wife, who has done a large amount of work with the sweep net in Northern Colorado. No American species have yet been described as belonging to any of the genera mentioned, though some of the species described under A//otria may possibly be referable to some one of them. A number of species of Allotria in my collection are left until such time as the already described forms are more fully elucidated. Phaenoglyphis, Forster. This genus is separated from A//otra by the parapsidal furrows and scutellar fovea. Phaenoglyphis americana, Xi. sp. . Male.—Shining black, legs and antennz honey-yellow. Length, 1 mm. Antenne 14-jointed, approximate at base, sockets twice as far from eyes as from each other, reaching beyond the middle of the abdomen ; joint 2 as long as 1, 3 twice as long and distinctly bent inwardly, 4 and 5 some- what shorter than 2 ; apical joint long, conical, and blackish at tip. Oral region castaneous. Face, prothorax above, mesonotum at sides, scutellum, metathorax and base of abdomen with fine white hair, longest on the scutellum. Parapsidal furrows distinct, not approximate behind, gently diverging anteriorly and extending the entire length of mesonotum. ‘Scutellum with a large semicircular fovea at base. Metanotum opaque and with two longitudinal caring, which are equidistant from each other and the iateral margins. Tegule piceous. Wings as long as whole body; median vein obsolete ; radial cell closed, two and a-half times long as wide; appendix below long, slender, straight, and slightly knobbed at end; radius extending somewhat beyond juncture with marginal] vein. Cubital and discoidal veins faintly outlined. Fort Collins ; May. Dylita, Yorster. Under this genus I describe several species in which the radial cell is open for a greater or less distance on the anterior border, and in which the radius is narrowly rounded at tip and does not reach the margin of the wing. Some of the species resemble quite closely various species of Alloxysta, but in that genus the radius spreads out irregularly at tip, and there is no appreciable space between it and the margin of the wing. 132 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The following characters are common to all the species described below: Antenne reaching to between middle and tip of abdomen. Pubescence very sparse, except on metathorax and base of abdomen, where it 13 short and thick, and on scutellum, where it is long and thin. Prothorax below, a triangular sclerite below tegule, and metathorax, opaque and minutely roughened. Tegulze piceous. Wings as long or slightly longer than the whole body ; median vein obsolete. Dylita bicolor, n. sp. Female.—Shining black, legs honey-yellow, antenne piceous beyond joint 4. Length, 1.25 mm. Antenne 13-jointed, sockets at middle of face and as far from eyes as each other ; flagellum becoming distinctly wider and heavier toward the tip; antennal joint 2 three-fourths the length of 1, 3 equalling 1 in length, 4 and 5 subequal in length to 2; apical joint becoming wider for about two-thirds its length, then rapidly narrowing to a point ; four basal joints same colour as legs. Oral region rufous, palpi honey-yellow. Radial cell long, triangular, two and a half times as long as wide, terminal abscissa of radius broadly rounded, appendix below short, strongly bent, knobbed at tip. Fort Collins; June. Dylita ruficeps, n. sp. Female.—Shining black, head and antennz beyond joint 4, dark rufous ; legs honey-yellow. Length, 1.25 mm. Antenne 13-jointed, sockets above middle of face, nearer to each other than to the eyes ; flagellum but little wider toward the tip ; joint 3 somewhat longer than 1, 2 three-fourths the length of 3, 4 and 5 sub- equalling 2 in length ; apical joint evenly narrowed to a point and much longer than anteapical. Mandibles honey-yellow, piceous at tips and bidentate. Palpi sordid white. Radial cell triangular, two and one-third times as long as wide, terminal abscissa of radius strongly irregularly bent, appendix below long, angularly bent at extremity. Fort Collins; June. i Differs from dzco/ory in size, colour of head, antennz, and venation. Dylita affinis, n. sp. Female.—Length, 1.25 mm. Closely related to D. ruficeps, from which it differs as follows: Head ‘of same width, but shorter, of a very pale bright rufous, with the space between the ocelli dark. Joint 4 of antenn nearly as long as 3, and slightly longer than 2 ; sockets above middle of THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 133 face, distance between them equalling distance to eyes. Appendix below radial cell long and straight. Fort Collins ; September. Easily separated from ruficeps by the above characters. Dylita coloradensis, n. sp. Male.—Black ; head, prothorax, and all pleure, pale rufous ; antennze and legs honey-yellow. Length, 1.5 mm. Antenne 14-jointed, sockets above middle of face, as near eyes as each other; flagellum not enlarging toward the tip; joint 2 three-fourths of 1, 1-3-4 and 5 subequal ; apical joint conical and not longer than anteapical. Metanotum with two distinct carinz which converge slightly anteriorly. Radial cell triangular, little more than twice as long as thick, terminal abscissa of the: radius somewhat curved, appendix below long, straight, gradually enlarged toward the extremity. Fort Collins ; June. Readily distinguished from the above species by coloration. Dylita similis, n. sp. Male.—Length, 1.5 mm. Very similar to D. coloradensis, from which it differs as follows: Space between ocelli dark. Antenne becoming piceous beyond joint 4. Radial cell longer and more pointed, two and one-half times as long as wide, terminal abscissa of the radius nearly straight, appendix below curved. Fort Collins ; September. Alloxysta, Forster, In this genus (or subgenus) the radius reaches the anterior margin of the wing, but the radial cell is open anteriorly. The following char- acters aré common to all the species described below: Antennz reaching to between middle and tip of abdomen, sockets at middle of face, as near eyes as each other. Pubescence very sparse, except on metathorax and base of abdomen, where it is short and thick,and on scutellum, where it is long and thin. Prothorax below, a triangular sclerite below tegule, and metathorax, opaque and minutely roughened. Tegule piceous. Wings as long or slightly longer than the whole body ; median vein obsclete. Alloxysta robusta, n. sp. Female —Shining black, antenne at base and legs honey-yellow. Length, t mm. Antenne 13-jointed, piceous beyond joint 4; flagellum strongly enlarging toward tip ; joints 1, 2 and 3 subequal in length, 4 and 5 some- what shorter than 3; apical joint conical, longer than anteapical. Oral 134 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. region rufous, palpi honey-yellow. Abdomen short but very deep, the depth half again the length. Radial cell large, long triangular, length two and a half times the width, terminal abscissa of the radius gently curved, appendix below bent. Fort Collins ; June. Alloxysta longiventris, n. sp. Female.—Shining black, antenne at base and legs honey-yellow ; head with vertex piceous, all below pale rufous. Length, 1 mm. Antenne 13-jointed, dark rufous beyond joint 4; flagellum strongly enlarged toward tip ; proportions of antennal joints as in robusta. Meta- notum with two longitudinal carinz which converge slightly anteriorly. Abdomen nearly as long as the thorax, slender, upper and lower lines subparallel. Radial cell small, short triangular, length two and a third times the width, terminal abscissa of the radius strongly curved, appendix below straight. Fort Collins; May. In the form of the abdomen this species differs widely from any other Allotriid [have seen. The abdomen of 4. vodusta differs from the normal form in exactly the opposite direction. Alloxysta magna, N. sp. Female.—Large, robust ; shining black ; antennz at base and legs honey-yellow ; head rufous, slightly darker above. Length, 1.6 mm. Antenne 13-jointed, piceous beyond the fourth joint; flagellum subfiliform, scarcely enlarging toward the tip; joints 1, 3 and 4 subequal, 2 about three-fourths as long, apical joint conical at tip, longer than the anteapical. Metanotum with two longitudinal carine which converge slightly anteriorly. Abdomen globular, as deep as long, and scarcely pointed behind. Radial cell large, triangular, length two anda half times the width, terminal abscissa of the radius strongly curved, appendix below short and straight. Fort Collins ; June. ; The largest species I have seen, and with the abdomen more nearly globose. Alloxysta gracilis, Nn. sp. Female.—Shining black, antennz at base and legs honey-yellow ; head pale rufous. Length, 1.25 mm. Antenne 13-jointed, piceous beyond joint 4; flagellum subfiliform ; joint 3 equals one in length, 2 three-fourths as long, 4 and 5 somewhat shorter. Abdomen from the side subtriangular, strongly pointed behind. Radial cell of medium size, two and a half times as long as wide, terminal THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 135 abscissa slightly curved, appendix below heavy and straight. Fort Collins ; September. Differs from magna in size, shape of abdomen, etc. Alloxysta apicalis, n. sp. Female.—Shining black, antennz at base and legs honey-yellow, head pale rufous ; abdomen light reddish-brown, black at tip. Length, 1.4 mm. Antenne 13-jointed, piceous beyond joint 4; flagellum slightly heavier toward the tip ; joints 1, 3 and 4 subequal, 2 a little shorter ; apical joint conical at the tip, longer than the anteapical. Abdomen from the side subtriangular, pointed behind. Radial cell large, two and a half times as long as wide, terminal abscissa slightly curved, appendix below slender, strongly knobbed at the tip. Fort Collins ; September. Readily recognized by the peculiarly coloured abdomen. Alloxysta rufipleura, N. sp. Male.—Shining black, antenne at base and legs honey-yellow ; head, prothorax, and all pleura bright rufous. Length, 1.25 mm. Antenne 14-jointed, dusky beyond joint 5; flagellum subfiliform ; joints 1, 3 and 4 subequal, 2 a little shorter, 3 somewhat swollen at the apex beneath ; apical joint conical, little longer than anteapical. Abdo- men from side subequilaterally triangular, strongly produced and pointed below. Radial cell of medium size, two and one-half times as long as wide, terminal abscissa of the radius strongly curved, appendix below rather long and emarginate on the proximal side. Fort Collins ; June. Separated from all the above species by the partially rufous thorax. Alloxysta abdominalts, n. sp. Female.— Dark shining piceous, abdomen and thorax lighter ; head and metathorax rufous ; antennz at base and legs honey-yellow. Length, I mm. Antenne 13-jointed, piceous beyond joint 4; flagellum slightly enlarged toward the tip; joints 3 and 4 shorter than r and but little longer than 2; apical joint slender, conical, very long, a half longer than the anteapical. Abdomen from the side subequilaterally triangular. Radial cell shorter and broader than in rufipleura, the terminal abscissa of radius gently curved, appendix below slender, curved, knobbed at tip. Fort Collins ; June. Resembling rufip/eura, but differing in size, and antennal and wing characters. Itis hardly possible that this could be the female of rujipleura. 156 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NOTES ON BEES OF THE GENUS PROSOPIS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES. BY CHARLES ROBERTSON, CARLINVILLE, ILLINOIS. Prosopis affinis, Sm. Twenty-four male and female specimens sent to Mr. Cresson in 1887 were identified as this species, Since that time I have regarded it asa variable species, and in my last paper (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXII, 116) indicated it as a synonym of P. modesta, Say. I now think there are two species, closely allied, but characterized as follows :— Prosopis affinis, Sm., 9 .—bBlack, head and thorax opaque, closely punctured ; abdomen almost impunctate, first segment smooth and shining, lateral apical margin with a patch of whitish pubescence ; flagellum testaceous beneath ; subtriangular mark on each side of face, two spots on collar, tubercles, spot on tegula, edge of wing base beyond tegulze, and base of all the tibia, lemon-yellow ; enclosure of metathorax strongly rugose at base; wings hyaline. Length, 5-6 mm. ¢.—— Resembles the female ; first segment of abdomen less shining, more punctate, apical margins of segments subtestaceous and sub- fasciate ; face below antenne, ascending broadly on each side nearly to summit of scape and notched around insertion of antenne, labrum, mandibles, except rufous tips, concave exterior edge of scape, two spots on collar, spot on tegule, edge of wing base, tubercles, tarsi, and tibie, except a spot behind anterior and middle pairs and ring on posterior pair, lemon-yellow. Length, 5-6 mm. Illinois ; 16 ¢, 11 9 specimens. Four males differ only in having no yellow on scape ; one of these also without a spot on tegule. I think there is no question but that this is the P. afinis of Smith, but the male described by him probably does not belong to it. If, how- ever, this should prove to be distinct from P. a/inis, the name of Prosopis zizi@ is proposed for it. Prosopis modesta, Say, 2.— Closely resembles the female of 7 affinis ; wing a little more dusky, the extreme base without yellow, tegulz rarely with a small spot in front. Length, 4-6 mm. gf .— Scape stout, not strongly concave exteriorly, as in preceding ; first segment of abdomen less punctate, more smooth and shining ; face below antennz, narrowing to a point on each side at eye margin ; two THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. har spots on collar, tubercles, anterior tibiz in front, middle and posterior pairs at base, and the tarsi, yellow ; the tarsi paler. Length, 5-6 mm. Illinois ; 24 7, 27 specimens. Thirteen male specimens agree with the description ; six have a yellow line on mandibles ; five have a yellow spot on labrum ; three have no spots on collar; two have spots on tegule, and one has the scape yellow exteriorly. Twenty-two female specimens have the tegule im- maculate ; five have small spots on tegulze in front, two individuals of these showing the spot only on one side. ‘This is the commonest species in my neighbourhood. I have taken the sexes in copula. This is the ?. affinis of Cresson (Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist., xii., 270). Smith mentions a spot on teguize in P. afinzs, while Say does not mention it in P. modesta. It is quite probably that Say’s description was based on specimens taken in Indiana. This is the only species taken here which agrees with his description. What Say described as the male belongs to P. pygmea, Cr. The female of P. pygmea usually has a spot on tegule, but not on collar. Prosopis pygme@a, Cress. Of twenty-seven female specimens taken here (Carlinville, Illinois), all except nine show a spot on clypeus, two showing three spots; only one shows no spot on the tegule ; all have spots on tubercles and side of face, and no spots on collar. The females without spots on face and tibcreles ate) /refcrred) ‘to! mext- (See Trans.) /) X X01. n16:) Of twenty-three males, fourteen have no spots on tegulz, while two show no spots on tubercles and are without the yellow club-shaped extension of the facial markings. Prosopis sanicule, n. sp.,é.— Black, opaque, the abdomen more shining ; head and thorax closely and rather finely punctured ; abdomen almost impunctate ; enclosure of metathorax more rugose than in P. pygmea; form slender; scape very broad, club-shaped; flagellum beneath and apical margins of abdominal segments somewhat testaceous ; a subquadrate spot on clypeus, a smaller spot above, a narrow line on each side of face, anterior tibia in front, middle and hind pairs at base, and the tarsi, yellow ; face on each side near insertion of antenne with a rounded depression which is smooth and shining ; wings hyaline, nervures and stigma dull testaceous. Length, 4-5 mm. 138 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ?.— A narrow line on each side of face, sometimes wanting, and the tibize at base, yellowish. Length, 4-5 mm. Illinois ; four ¢, three 2 specimens. Prosopis Illinotsensis, n. sp., ¢.-— Black, head and thorax opaque, densely, rather strongiy and coarsely punctured; abdomen shining, especially the first segment, which is impunctate, the remaining segments finely punctured ; metathorax rather strongly rugose; scape stout; face below antennz, widening above on each side and somewhat notched about their bases, small spot on labrum, and sometimes on mandibles, two spots on collar, tubercles, anterior and middle tibie in front, hind tibiz entirely, and the tarsi, yellow ; wings dusky toward tips. Length, 6 mm. Illinois ; three ¢ specimens. NOTES ON NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA HYMENOPTERA. BY C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND, LAS CRUCES, N. MEX. (Continued from page I12,) Diodontus occidentalis, Fox.—Las Cruces, N. Mex. Name com. by Prof. Cockerell. Det., Fox. Diadasia enavata, Cress.—Las Cruces, N. Mex., August 19. Two. Clypeus black. Det., Fox. Elis (Dielis) plumipes, Drury.—Las Cruces, N. Mex., August 19. Two. Det., Riley. Epeolus, sp.—Chaves, N. Mex., August 6. One. A moderately jarge hornet-shaped species, most beautifully velvety al! over, entirely black below, including legs. Thorax black, with circular border light velvety yellow extending on pleura. Abdomen black with light velvety yellow cross-band on segments 1 to 4, those on segments 1 and 2 on hind portion near hind border and projected laterally forward, on first segment the lateral yellow also projected inward on anterior edge. Wings smoky. There seems to be very short pubescence on the thorax, but that on the abdomen is extra short, or is, as it appears, pollen. Det., Fox. Epeolus occidentalis, Cress.—Turkey Tanks, Arizona, July 18. One specimen. A small hornet-shaped species, with thorax black and yellow vittate, abdomen black and yellow banded, wings slightly smoky, and legs fulvous. Det., Fox. Eucerceris, sp.—Grant, Valencia County, N. Mex., August 3. One. A yellow and black chrysidiid-like hornet. Det., Riley. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 139 Lvania, sp., ¢.—Las Cruces, N. Mex.,Septemberg. One. A small blackish and rufous gall-fly (?), with immense thorax and very small pedunculate abdomen. Det., Riley. Gorytes dentatus, Fox., n. sp.—Grand Canyon, Arizona; Hance trail, July 11. One specimen. » LCGCRUS: AA. Claws simple (mostly larger species). b. Prothorax not margined at base, crenulate. Frontedge of prothoracic flanks sinuous or toothed. Bassareus. Front edge of prothoracic flanks straight... Cryptocephadus. bb. Prothorax margined at base, not crenulate; prosternum feebly SHANNSNEA Hw. oils Ss Sy, 8 nae a Pach vbr aehys: 154 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Monacuus, Chevyr. Two very robust species of blue colour belong here; they may be obtained by sweeping meadows. Dr. Leconte separates them thus :— Form oval; see oe smooth, opaque, rows of elytral punctures feeble. Sate REI ict sees eae .ater, Hald. Form ovate ; an aot Boren on ares near the beeen rows of elytral punctures strong.. ee wee teee ees uNbOi0N AIS walt Both are of about he same size ot IO—.12 ia and have rather elongate antenne, which are testaceous at base. Diacuus, Lec. Contains the smallest Canadian Cryptocephalini. They are of cylindrical-oval form, and somewhat metallic colours, overlaid on blue or green. The two recorded from within our limits are :— Elytral ‘strie obliterated behind the middle; sides of prothorax, antenne and legs testaceous; .o6-.08 in.:......auratus, Fabr. Outer elytral strize impressed, curving around at tip; prothorax smooth; colour, dark blue-green, antennze and legs reddish- brown; .o8—.11 in. Shedehey Ute V4.0 seo 2. AA RO See eee nie. Hald. The two species look much like Cryftocephalus, but may be distinguished by the character given in the table. 4. detritus measures from .18—.22 in., and is of a blackish colour, the elytra with four red spots ; the prothorax is opaque, sparsely punctured. The other species, B. mammifer, has a smooth, shining prothorax, and varies from .14-.22 in. in length. The typical form has elytra spotted like those of detritus ; i. e., a large anterior spot on each wing-cover and an apical one. It runs, however, through the following varieties, which have received separate names: se//atus, Suffr., in which the anterior elytral spot is reduced in size and the sides of the prothorax are white; pretiosus, Melsh., with a larger anterior elytral. spot, which is connected with some small basal spots, the prothorax with sides and two spots at base white ; and /uteipennis, Melsh., with yellow elytra. CRYPTOCEPHALUS, Geoffr. A number of species occur in Canada, some of which will be found mixed, in the collections of beginners, with Badia 4g-guttata and the species of Bassareus. They are, however, readily separated when once attention has been called to the characters in use for the purpose. The THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 155 following table will, it is thought, serve for the separation of the Canadian forms among themselves without reference to prosternal characters, for an exposition of which the student is referred to Dr. Leconte’s paper on the genus in Trans. Amer. Ento. Soc. for 1880. A. Elytra yellow with two oblique black stripes ; prothorax reddish, usually with two basal oblique yellow spots. .17-.21 in. (Fig. Ue antisense yes =). VERUSTE Samar: AA. Elytra spotted. b’. Spots numerous, arranged 2, 2, 2, 1 on each elytron, yellowish on brown or black ground. Prothorax reddish. .16-.22 HES HN nts ag Ae gpa ol kek « PULERIALU SS OILY, Fic. 15. b*. Spots at base confluent into a transverse band which extends to the sixth stria, a marginal spot just before the middle extend- ing to fifth stria, an interrupted post-median band and apical spot, all yellow. Ground colour of elytra brown. Pro- thorax browh. -12—.16 in..... 0.0.02... 22 baates, Suir. b3, Spots very different in size, the middle ones usually confluent, into a large blotch on the sutural region, the others usually quite small and arranged in longitudinal rows; they are brown or black on a pale yellow ground. The prothorax is ferruginous or nearly black; sides and front, and often also two oblique basal spots, yellow. .16-.28 in. mutabilis, Melsh. b*. Spots red, not exceeding two on each elytron; ground colour black or blue-black, prothorax black. c. Humeral spots confluent on median line so as to form a band extending quite across (var. of next species). ofatus, Fabr. cc. Humeral spots separate. Larger and more robust ; humeral spot large, extending along sides, apical spot variable in size. .14-.22 MO eee feteiie wis a's «ez cies at RETR ACIIGLUS, SAY Smaller and more slender ; humeral spot oblong, slightly wider behind, hardly reaching the base. Apical spot rounded. (The var. 4-guttudus differs only in having the humeral spot longer, reaching to the middle of the length of the elytra.) .1o—.12 in. guadruplex, Newm, 156 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. AAA. Elytra plain. Colour testaceous or slightly brownish ; prothorax densely rugosely punctured. .12-.16 in..... Schretbersi, Suffr. It should be remarked that nearly all of these are very variable in colour, but the table covers all of the recorded named varieties for East Canada. Any specimens which appear not to come under any of the names given should be referred to specialists. PACHYBRACHYS, Chevr. Contains a number of small species in which the outer striz of the elytra are usually completely confused and the inner ones tortuous and irregular. They have been tabulated by Dr. Leconte, in the paper cited, and in this as well as the preceding table we have drawn upon his work for many characters. A. Colours of upper surface definitely arranged. bt. Striped yellow and black or brown. S Suture broadly black, each elytron with two broad stripes and narrow margin black. Thorax with M- like brown mark. .10-.14 in... ./¢tigiosus, Suffr. Suture very narrowly black, each elytron with a broad oblique stripe, narrow outer margin and an intervening row of spots black. Thorax either en- tirely yellow, ferruginous, or yellow with ferru- ginous, M-like mark. .14-.22 in. (Fig. 16) fe led cays oss ev ae se 2 0p hele ee b*. Opaque black, prothorax with sides, front margin, anterior portion of median line and two basal spots, red. This red may be variously reduced. .16-.20 in. .¢rinotatus, Melsh. b*, Yellow above, head with black spot on crown, prothorax with a black spot on each side, and a somewhat Y-shaped one at middie. Elytra with humeral spot and a large V on : suture, which joins at its apex with an irregularly indented transverse subapical band, black or brown. These markings may become indistinct at times. .o6-.12 in...¢7zdens, Melsh. AA. Uniform opaque black. .10-.14 in..........carbonarius, Hald. AAA. Colours more or less mottled. c. Sides of prothorax strongly rounded and incurved near. base ; hind angles rounded, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 15% Black, mostly opaque, upper surface mottled with small white dots ; prothorax sometimes red at sides, femora often with a yellow spot. Elytra confusedly coarsely Bee over most of the surface. .13- .16 in. ie ais samme. 34 .. duridus, Fabr. Black, opaque, oiytre with ewer Eauniaed punctures, white spots more numerous ; pygidium with testaceous spots, legs testaceous in great part. +EOvIN., Se vig 2 ete . femoratus, Oliv. ce. Sides of Eee IRGtax Abliaaety broadly eaunded or straight, not incurved behind. Punctures. of prothorax and elytra uniform, two strize visible at sides ; upper surface dull ochreous clouded with brown. .o8-.12 in............/epaticus, Melsh. Punctures of elytra more or less irregular, strize visible at sides and behind. Black, opaque, prothorax with sides and dorsal spots red, elytra with a broad irregular band from the side almost to the suture. II-.14 in. aggohe & “43 . . subfasciatus, Hald. The above seme Maines all ae ce species known from East Canada which are included in Dr. Leconte’s table, which has been followed for the most part. Three recorded forms, atomarius, infaustus, and sobrinus, are left unaccounted for ; they belong to a group of small species, mostly mottled, in which the prothorax is formed as in the division cc, the elytral sculpture consisting usually of an irregular punctu- ation, with the stric visible chiefly at sides and behind. The prosternum is broad and only very slightly concave, which character will separate them from the species preceding /epaticus, since the prosternum in all those is sulcate. A careful study is required, with reference to the types, before anything further should be attempted. WE have much pleasure in recording that the Honorary Degree of LL.D. was conferred upon two members of the Entomological Society of Ontario — Professor WILLIAM SAUNDERS, F. R. S.C., F. L.S., F.C. S., Director of the Experimental Farms of the Dominion, and Mr. JAMEs FLETcHER, F. R. S. C., F. L. S., Dominion Entomologist and Botanist,— at the recent convocation of Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario. We beg to offer our esteemed friends our very hearty congratulations upon this well-deserved honour. 158 - THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. FIVE NEW BEES OF THE GENUS CALLIOPSIS, FROM NEW MEXICO. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, N. M. AGR. EXP. STA. Calliopsis meliloti, n. sp., 9.—Length, 5 mm.; head and thorax wholly black, abdomen very dark brown, with yellowish-white markings. Head, thorax, legs, and sides of abdomen with abundant long dull white hair. Clypeus prominent, shining, with conspicuous sparse punctures, its upper portion longitudinally sulcate in the middle, its whole surface appearing bare, with only very short, inconspicuous hairs. On each side of the clypeus is a shining bare eminence. Vertex closely punctured, Mandibles brown. Antennz quite short, the hairy scape not much less than half as long as the flagellum, the last joint of which is truncate and somewhat flattened. Tegulz shining testaceous. Dorsum of metathorax bare, smooth. Legs dark, knees and terminal joints of tarsi becoming paler. Wings quite short, hyaline, iridescent, nervures and stigma light reddish-brown. Second submarginal cell about three-fourths length of 1st ; narrowed one- half to marginal. Abdomen short and broad, with broad creamy-white bands ; that on first segment narrowly interrupted in middle, and roundly notched on each side behind ; that on second very broadly interrupted, and also notched at sides ; those on third and fourth entire, notched at sides behind; finally an obscure broad subrufescent band partly on fourth and partly on fifth segment. Anal fimbria dirty white. Habitat.—Las Cruces, N. M., on the College Farm, May rst, 1895 ; swept from AZe/iotus indica, together with Vomada, Sphecodes, Prosapis, and four species of Hadictus, viz.: bardus, stultus, pectoraloides, and meliloti. It is related to C. cinctus, Cr., but differs in the abdominal bands being white instead of yellow. The anal fimbria not fuscous, the wings not at all dusky. It has some superficial resemblance to /erdita albovittata. Calliopsis hirsutifrons, n. sp., ¢.—Length about 6 mm.; pitch-black, very shiny, thorax and abdomen without any pale markings, face-mark- ings creamy-white. Face, including clypeus, scape, cheeks, occiput, sides of thorax, post-scutellum, metathorax except basal middle, legs, and lateral hind margins of abdominal segments, with rather dense and fairly long white pubescence. Head transversely oval, ocelli small and close together, vertex with no distinct punctures ; clypeus except the usual THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 159 dots, and triangular lateral face-marks, white, the latter in shape not very far from a half-circle, but the ends more produced and the inner (orbital) margin a little concave. Mandibles mostly white without. Flagellum black above, coffee-brown beneath. Disc of mesothorax with conspicuous, very sparse punctures; at sides of mesothorax, and on scutellum, they are much closer. Tegulz dark chestnut-brown. Legs black, anterior tibi in front, and first joint of all the tarsi, cream colour; remaining joints of tarsi subrufescent. Claws deeply cleft. Wings hyaline, with a faint smoky tinge, which does not extend to the external margin; nervures and stigma dark brown, marginal cell long, the tip roundly truncate, minutely appendiculate. Second submarginal a little shorter than rst, narrowed a little less than one-half to marginal. Abdomen narrow, strongly but rather sparsely punctured, the segments transversely grooved adjacent to the sutures. Hind lateral margins of segments with white hair bands. Habitat—Albuquerque, N. M., middle of August, 1895 [CkIl., 4527]. Something like C. pauper, but hairy, and the tibiz are differently marked. It resembles a good deal the ¢ of C. albitarsis, which I took on Rudbeckia laciniata, at Santa Fé, N. M., July roth. In albitarsis, however, the face is not nearly so hairy, the face-marks are pale yellow, and the lateral marks are obtuse instead of pointed above. Calliopsis fraterculus, n. sp., ¢.—Length about 6% mm., pitch- black, with the ciypeus, triangular marks at sides of face, and tibie in part, pale lemon-yellow, tarsi light. Head broader than long, shining, the ocelli in pits, a conspicuous prominence adjacent to the summit of each eye, occiput and cheeks with large, more or less confluent, punctures. Vertex with very few punctures, front with large subconfluent punctures ; clypeus punctured, high, light yellow, with its piceous apical margin produced into a tooth on each side ; lateral face-marks triangular, rounded above, not extending as high as antennal sockets; labrum truncate, mandibles wholly dark ; antennz short, reaching about to tegule, flagellum dark brown. Thorax wholly dark, with large punctures ; pubescence of head and thorax sparse and inconspicuous, white, specially noticeable only on each side of antennz, on border of prothorax, beneath the wings, and at the sides of the metathorax. Punctures of scutellum and post-scutellum very large and like those of mesothorax, those of metathorax smaller and closer. Base of metathorax with obscure longitudinal wrinkles, but no well-defined smooth space behind them. Tegulz shining dark reddish- 160 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. brown. Wings fuliginous, nervures and stigma piceous, a pale dot at base of stigma. A small hyaline spot at angle between marginal and second submarginal cell, and one just beyond upper corner of third discoidal. Venation practically as in e¢héops, but the marginal cell not so narrow in proportion to its length. Legs black, knees and external bases (half, more or less) of tibize pale yellow, tarsi pale yellow, the terminal joints becom- ing brown. Claws only slightly bifid. Abdomen densely punctured, the apical margins of the segments smooth and constricted. 9 .—Length about 7 mm., more robust, abdomen broader, segments not constricted, punctua- tion in general finer, legs with dirty white hairs, dense on hind pair. Legs dark, with a light yellow spot at extreme base of each of the anterior and middle tibie. Face wholly dark. Habitat—New Mexico; the 2? on BSigelovia Wrighti, at Las Cruces, Sept. 23rd, 1895; the ¢ at Albuquerque, middle of August,1895. This species is a sort of small brother of C. @thiops (Cr.), from which it is easily distinguished not only by its size, but by the sculpturing of the metathorax. C. ethiops, also, does not have the shining boss at the summit of the eyes, which is present in both sexes of fratercudus. Ihave taken C. ethiops at LasCruces, N.M., Sept. 21,1895, on Helianthus annuus. Calliopsis perlavis, n. sp., 2.—Length, 8 mm., black, shining ; face and thorax without pale markings. Head subquadrate, not particularly large, a little longer than broad ; clypeus rather prominent, produced into a tooth on each side; mandibles dark reddish at ends; face, clypeus, front, vertex and cheeks strongly punctured, the punctures smallest and most dense on front and beneath antennz ; antenne reaching as far as base of wings, joints 6 to ro of flagellum testaceous beneath. Mesothorax shining, with small shallow punctures, fairly dense in front and at sides, but becoming sparse towards the middle, and almost lacking in the middle. Scutellum with sparse punctures, base of metathorax longitudinally wrinkled. Pubescence of head and thorax sparse, very pale brownish, most noticeable on cheeks, occiput and pleura ; only a few scattered hairs on sides of metathorax. Tegule amber colour. Wings subhyaline, grayish, yellowish towards the base, costal nervure and stigma dark brown. The outermost nervures also dark brown, but the rest amber colour. Second submarginal a little shorter than first, narrowed about half to marginal. lJLegs dark, a rather ill-defined small yellow spot at base of each of the four anterior tibiw, tarsi becoming rufescent. Hind legs with a copious clothing of hair. Abdomen shining, parallel-sided, the apical THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 161 margins of segments 2 and 3 becoming rufescent. Punctures of dorsum minute and close, on first segment extremely sparse and small. Habitat.—Las Cruces, New Mexico; two on sunflowers,October 6th, 1895. By its smooth surface it comes nearest to C. margaritensis, Fox, but that is a smaller insect. Calliopsis Boyleit, n.sp., g.—Length a little over 7 mm., very slender, black with yellow markings. Head somewhat broader than long; antenne very long, entirely black ; face flattened, the clypeus not pro- jecting; entirely bright lemon-yellow nearly up to the level of the antenne, the upper edge of the yellow straight right across the face, the yellow projecting above this only for a short distance, very narrowly, on orbital margins. The supraclypeal yellow area is about square. The labrum is also yellow, as well as part of the mandibles without. . There is an impressed line down the middle of the clypeus, failing anteriorly. Face with large scattered punctures, almost lacking on supraclypeal area and close to the impressed line of clypeus ; front, vertex and cheeks closely punctured. Pubescence of head and thorax sparse, tinged yellowish ; anterior sides of clypeus with long white, very distinctly plumose hairs. Mesothorax shining, with distinct, rather close punctures, parapsidal grooves distinct. Scutellum with large, not very close, punctures. Base of metathorax transversely wrinkled, the area behind this not smooth, but minutely roughened. Sides of metathorax fringed with hairs. ‘Tubercles with a chrome-yellow spot, tegule shining testaceous. Wings yellowish-hyaline, nervures and stigma dark chestnut- brown, costal nervures black, marginal cell unusually long, 2nd submar- ginal narrowed one-half to marginal. Legs black, with the knees, the anterior tibiz in front, a spot at base and apex of middle tibiz, nearly the basal third and the apical eighth of hind tibiz, pale orange. Tarsi pale orange, the terminal joints darkened. Claws long and curved, only cleft at extreme tips. The hind legs are very long ; the middle tibie are very short, hardly half as long as the hind tibia. Abdomen long and slender, black, the bases of the segments after the first with a fine light pile, very noticeable when the insect is held sideways. Dorsal surface of abdomen, except the broad impressed apical margins of the segments, finely and closely punctured, the punctures extremely small and close, except on the first segment. Habitat.—Santa Fé, New Mexico ; Aug. 2nd, 1895 ; given to me by V. Boyle, with the statement that it was caught on Cleome serrudlata. By its face-markings this resembles C. compositarum, Rob., but it differs at once from that in its less densely punctured mesothorax,'and the longer marginal cell, 162 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NEW HAMPSHIRE HESPERID. BY W. F. FISKE, MAST YARD, N. H. All of the following species occur in the town of Webster, about ten miles north-west of Concord :— Carterocephalus Mandan, Edw.—This is one of the rarest species in this section. It occurs in but one locality—a grassy bank by the road- side. Middle of June. Ancyloxypha Numitor, Fab.—Common around very wet, grassy swamps in June and again in August. Pamphila Hobomok, Harris.—One of the most common ; the third Pamphila to make its appearance in the spring, usually about the first of June. Very general in its habit, frequenting both wet and dry land, but preferring a moist, bushy pasture, with plenty of bramble blossoms. Var. FPocohontas, Scud.—Appears about a week later than Hobomok. Rather scarce. Pamphila Sassacus, Harris.—The second Pamphila to make its appearance in the spring, about a week before Hobomok. Common. Pamphila Metea, Scud.—The earliest Pamphila, appearing about May 15th. It frequents very dry, sandy land, where little vegetation exists, except ‘‘ bunch grass” and sweet fern. The former—scientific name unknown, but variously known as ‘bunch grass,” ‘‘ wolf grass,” ‘‘hassock grass ””—is very probably the food plant. Owing to its early appearance and peculiar haunts, it long escaped the notice of previous collectors in this section. One brood only observed. Pamphila Leonardus, Harris.—The last butterfly to emerge as a first brood. Somewhat common in clover fields last of August and first of September, but rather hard to capture in good condition. With ~ exception of Cernes, it is the most difficult Pamphi/a to approach when not feeding. Pamphila Otho, var. Egeremet, Scud.—Rather scarce, frequenting moist roadsides and bushy pastures. First specimen appearing about July roth. I have a curious specimen (a @), probably a variation of this species, in which the spots on both sides of the primaries are larger and more sharply defined, and there is a row of four or five faint spots on the upper side of the secondaries. The clouded band or row of spots on the under side of the secondaries is condensed into a row of distinct small spots, giving it a very different general appearance, —————— THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 163 Pamphila Peckius, Kirby.—One of the most common, about equally common with Cernes, Metacomet, and Hobomok. Three broods: it accompanies Mystic in June, Metacomet in July, and Leonardus in August and September. A few specimens on the wing as late as October, which may be fragments of a fourth brood. There is a rather scarce form in which the yellow spot on the under side of the secondaries is divided quite in two, and another form in which the spots on the upper side of the secondaries are missing, giving the male—were it not for the stigma—a very close resemblance to Cernes on the upper side. Pamphila Mystic, Scud.—The most common. Appears about June 5th and again, though very rarely, about September rst. The male varies considerably ; in many cases, when superficially observed, closely resem- bling Sassacus. Pamphila Cernes, Edw.—Common ; appearing about June 15th and again, though rarely, in August. There are probably more variations in this species than in any other native one. One of the most odd is a female in which the subapical spots are entirely wanting and the others are very much reduced in size. Pamphila Manataagua, Scud.—Rather rare. July roth to August. All the males yet taken have had a row of four or five indistinct spots on the upper side of the secondaries, but not always on the under side. As is the rule with most species of butterflies, the males appear some time before the females. Pamphila Metacomet, Harris.—Common; about June 2oth or 25th to middle of July. Female varies much in the number and size of the white spots. I have seen specimens of Cernes, Metacomet, and Limacula (with the white fringe worn off ) which it would be almost impossible to tell apart without examining the under sides. I once observed a very ardent courtship carried on by a male Peckius towards a female JZetacomet. The female, however, seemed to be a little disgusted with her admirer, and kept flying about from point to point. The Peckius followed her, however, until an unintentional movement on my part frightened it away. Speaking of inter-special matings, a person who, though not an entomologist, has observed butterflies a good deal, and helped me not a little, solemnly affirmed that he had seen an Argynnis Ldalia in coitu with Phyciodes, sp. This is “coming it a little too strong.” Pamphila Bimacula, G. and R.—Somewhat common in very wet meadows, in June and July. The 9%’s are apparently much in excess, 164 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. contrary to the general rule. It flies with a long, straight flight peculiar to this species, dropping suddenly into the grass, and hard to observe unless flushed, owing to its colour being so like the stubble. Because of its peculiar habits it might, like Pam. AZetea, pass as a great rarity. It has frequently been observed by me feeding on the flowers of Arethusa, a very fragrant orchid growing in wet meadows among the grass, and later in the season on swamp milkweed. Pamphila Delaware, Edw.—One specimen only. July roth, 1894. Wet meadow. Amblyscirtes Vialis, Edw.—Somewhat common. May and June. Amblyscirtes Samoset, Scud.—Not nearly as common as Via/is, and not on the wing so early. LVisoniades Brizo, Bd.—Lec.—Scarce. Early June. LVisoniades Icelus, Lint—Common. May, June. It is very pos- sible, as I have given this species very little study, that there may be another speciés in company with it. According to Scudder, Lucidius should be found here. Wisoniades Persius, Scud.—Scarce in July and August. Probably a second brood, but as it would be difficult to distinguish from Zcedus on the wing, the first brood might easily escape notice. Nisoniades Juvenalis, Fabr.--Somewhat common in June. Eudamus Pylades, Scud.—Very common in June. Eudamus Bathyllus, Sm. and Abb.—While looking over a series of native Py/ades this winter my attention was struck by the appearance of a specimen which Mr. Skinner pronounces to be Lathyllus. I remem- ber nothing about the capture of the specimen, and never having looked for the species, or expected to meet with it so far north, I can say noth- ing as to its habits or numbers. : Ludamus Tityrus, Fabr.—Formerly scarce, but of late years com- mon. ‘The last season it was as common as Pylades. I have frequently noticed the female hovering over patches of wild bean (Phareolus perennis), but not until last season did I find larvee on this plant. Out of several such larve one Zityrus emerged this winter from a forced pupa. I have also seen larve on garden beans, which were probably this species. There are several more species of Hesperide which ought to be found in this locality, but the preceding are all that I have met with. If the season of 1896 is a good one, I hope ere it closes to add something to the knowledge of this family. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 165 ON TWO INTERESTING NEW GENERA OF SCALE INSECT PARASITES, BY L. 0. HOWARD, WASHINGTON, D. C. Nearly all the Chaicidid parasites of Coccide belong to the sub- families Aphelininz and Encyrtinz. So universal is this rule that it is remarkable to rear anything else from a Coccid (excluding, of course, hyperparasites)*. One or two Mymarids and the species of the curious subfamily Signiphorine live in the eggs of scale insects, and we are just beginning to realize that there is a peculiar group of genera allied to the old subfamily Pireninz which also have this habit. The first of these insects to be recognized as a primary scale insect parasite was a species of the genus Zomocera described by the writer in 1880 and reared from Lecanium olee from California. This name in 1885 was changed to Délophogaster on account of the occurrence in Thysanura of a genus Zomocerus. In the meantime, however, Cameron had erected for the same form, from specimens received from the Hawaiian Islands, his genus JZoranil/a. According to the present rules of classi- fication, however, Zomocera may stand in spite of its identical etymo- logical signifiance with Zomocerus. Another of these genera was described by Dr. Riley in 1890 as Ophelosia from specimens reared from J/cerya purchasi in Queensland. A third—Walker’s genus Lwmotus—has recently been found by Mr. W. G. Johnson to be parasitic upon Lecanium scales in Illinois, as pointed out by the writer in Technical Bulletin No. 1, Division of Entomology, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and a fourth—Scute//ista, Mots.—has been found by Dr. Berlese to parasitize Ceroplastes scales in Italy. This form has been redescribed with synonymical notes by the writer in the “ Revista di Patologia Vegetale.” Aside from the matter of tibial armature, these genera seem closely allied and to possess on the whole strong mutual affinities. The shape of the head, its acute occipital margin, the mesonotal characters, the 10-jointed (2) and g-jointed (¢) antenne, the greatly enlarged second segment of the abdomen, together with other characters point to a subfamily not yet recognized in our classification of the Chalcidide, and the uniform Coccid-feeding habit binds the group still more closely together. * Representatives Of Pachyneuron, Euneura, and Hypsicamara have been reared from Coccidze, but those of Pachyneuron are almost certainly hyperparasites, and the ‘others may be; while the species of Zetrastichus quite commonly so reared are un- doubtedly secondary, 166 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. In view of these facts, the receipt of two additional allied genera, also Coccid-feeders, and undescribed, from Mr. W. Maskell, of New Zealand, becomes a matter of considerable interest. APHOBEIUS, N. g. Female.—Antenne to-jointed, clavate, inserted just above clypeus, scape slender, not reaching to middle ocellus, pedicel long, three times as long as first funicle joint, funicle joints 2 to 5 increasing slightly in length and considerably in width, club ovate, slightly broader than funicle joint 5 and longer than 4 and 5 together. Eyes naked; parapsidal sutures meeting axillar sutures; scutellum broad at base, with a distinct transverse groove at apical third. Petiole broad, distinct, abdomen with- out the white basal tufts characteristic of Zomocera, second segment very long, three times as long as remaining segments together. Marginal vein of fore wings somewhat longer than stigmal, postmarginal evident, but shorter than stigma! ; basal nervure distinct. Hind wings broad and furnished with a strong basal vein running nearly at right angles into disc of wing for some little distance at extremity of submarginal. Hind cox somewhat swollen, middle tibize with a moderate spur, hind tibiz with a very long spur, a little longer than first tarsal joint. Mad/e.—Differs mainly in antennz, which are g-jointed ; scape longer than in the female, pedicel somewhat swollen, joints 1 to 4 of funicle with long hairs, strongly incised from above at extremities and each joint slightly pedicillate ; joint r longest, twice as long as pedicel, joints 2, 3 and 4 each becoming shorter, club somewhat ovate, with its first joint distinctly separated and as a whole longer than funicle joint 4, but shorter than 3 and 4 together. Body flat, abdomen somewhat elongate, second segment somewhat longer than remaining joints together. Aphobetus Maskelli, n sp. Female.—Length, 1.16 mm. ; expanse, 2.4 mm. ; greatest width of fore wings,.51mm. General colour blue-black, slightly metallic, glistening. Face with faint shallow, sparse depressions ; mesoscutum delicately sha- greened, abdomen smooth, shining, hairs of mesonotum black, fimbria of metanotum rather sparse, grayish; pleura shining; antenne honey- yellow, with pedicel and scape above darker ; all coxze and femora black, the latter yellowish at tip; all tibie dark in middle, yellowish at either end ; wing veins dark brown, except basal vein of fore wings, which is lighter ; fore wings with circular fuscous patch occupying centre of wing. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 167 Male.—Somewhat slenderer than female, but about same length ; sculpturing identical, antennze jet black, legs coloured as with female. One female, four males, reared by W. M. Maskell, New Zealand, from Ctenochiton viridis. This is probably the insect figured by Mr. Maskell on Plate XXIII. of his “Scale Insects of New Zealand,” 1887. ANYSIS, n. g. Female.—Antenne as with Aphodetus, except that funicle joint 2 is twice as long as 1; 3, 4 and 5 subequal in length, increasing in width, and each slightly shorter than 2. Eyes naked; head very broad ; occi- put strongly concave, its superior margin acute. Thorax well arched ; parapsidal sutures meeting axillar sutures; scutellum broad at base, somewhat lengthened, extending over metanotum to vertical plane of base of abdomen, not cross-furrowed. Petiole distinct but very short ; abdomen without basal tufts ; second segment scarcely hali the length of abdomen. Marginal vein of fore wings three times longer than stigmal, postmarginal about as long as stigmal or slightly shorter; basal nervure not distinct. Basal nervure of hind wings extending at an acute angle toward base of wing. Spur of hind tibia short. Anysis australiensis, nN. Sp. Female.—Length, 1.7 mm.; expanse, 3.8 mm.; greatest width of fore wings, .74mm. General colour blue-black, slightly metallic, glistening. Head and thorax with short, sparse, yellowish pile ; face delicately sha- greened and with fine sparse punctures ; mesonotum similarly punctured ; metanotum, pleura, and abdomen smooth; metanotum with a median longitudinal rounded carina. Antenne light brown, tip of club darker, pedicel and tip of scape above black ; all femora nearly black in middle, lighter at either end ; tibiz brown. Wing veins dark brown, fore wings infuscated, hind wings hyaline. Three females received from Mr. W. M. Maskell with the following note: ‘‘ With a very curious new Coccid from West Australia, genus not yet determined ; probably allied to Eriococcus.” Miss ORMEROD, who was for some years Consulting Entomologist to the Government, her knowledge of the insect world. being unapproached by any other living authority, has now received the distinction of being appointed an examiner in this branch of agricultural science at Edinburgh University.—///ustrated London News. 168 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. CORRESPONDENCE. THE MUTILLID GENUS CHYPHOTES. On Aug. 21, 1894, I found at Santa Fé a specimen of Chyphotes, which I thought might prove to be a new species, as the legs are brown, with the femora and tibiz, except their ends, black. The abdomen is also more elongate than in Blake’s figures of C. e/evatus, and the third ‘segment is fuscous. The length of the insect is g mm. Mr. Fox, after comparing it with Blake’s types, is persuaded that it is only a form of elevatus. It follows the rule already observed in certain bees of the genus /erdita, that individuals from higher elevations are darker. The most curious thing developing from the examination of this specimen was, that Blake’s account of the palpi of Chyphotes is all wrong. My example has the palpi honey-colour, maxillary palpi 6-jointed, lateral palpi 4-jointed. Formula for maxillary palpi 3 (46) (25) 1. Second joint of lateral palpi broadened. When I called Mr. Fox’s atten- tion to this, he wrote back that C. elevatus was really similar, the description being wrong. T. D. A. COCKERELL. PROPOSED BIOLOGICAL STATION. The undersigned has it in view to found in New Mexico a Biological Station, and health and holiday resort for scientific persons, teachers, and kindred spirits. Ne loafers would be admitted, nor persons whose health was so poor as to prevent them from working. Practically no funds are at present available, but it is hoped that if a very modest start is made, the means may in time be found to put the institution on a secure and permanent basis. In such an establishment, scientific work may be carried on without any fear of interference by politicians and other self-interested or ignorant _ persons ; while the Station might also come to be recognized as an independent educational centre, helping to promote the best interests of education in the broadest sense, as well as those of pure science. The promoter hapes to be able, sooner or later, to secure the co-operation of a number of persons who will engage in the work for its own sake, and will not object to necessary privations or be afraid of the inevitable difficulties. Without enthusiasm, nothing can be done. Three years’ experience in this country gives the writer the highest opinion of the value of the climate for persons in the earlier stages of THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 169 phthisis (as he was himself when he came here); while the abundance of new and interesting forms of life, especially among the insects, is remark- able. Many interesting general problems, such as those of the life- zones, can also be studied in New Mexico to great advantage. A beginning will be made this summer if students can be found. The undersigned will be glad to hear from any who are interested in the matter, and especially from those who might be inclined to work with him for longer or shorter periods during the present summer. T. D. A. CocKERELL, May 4, 1896. Las Cruces, New Mexico, U.S. A. A MOTH OUT OF PLACE. There has been added to the Society’s collection a moth of more than ordinary interest. I sent to Prof. J. B. Smith, for determination, a box of specimens which were to me either new or doubtful. He kindly and promptly returned the same with the names of all except one, which was a Plusia quite new to him, and retained it for further study. In the letter to me accompanying the names, the Professor remarked: ‘No. 12 ( Teniocampa vegeta) is rather a surprise to me from your locality. Of course, it is not a Twniocampa, but it has been so described.” He then referred me to his catalogue of the Noctuidz (Bulletin 44, of the U.S. N. M.) for what was known concerning the species. So I turned to it and found this on page 207: ** T. vegeta, Morr. “1875. Morr., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci, XXVII., 432, Zeeniocampa. ‘“* Habitat.—Texas. ‘** The type is in the Tepper collection. A correctly named specimen is also in the British Museum, from the Grote collection. The species is not a Zentocampa, and probably belongs to the fasciate ; but in default of sufficient study to place it certainly, I leave it here for the present. Mr. Slingerland has called my attention to the fact that Cissusa spadix, of Cramer, heretofore referred as a synonym of Drasteria erechtea, is a distinct species. On examination I find this to be the fact, and it is more than likely that it will prove the same as the above species. Material for study is lacking, therefore the reference can not be positively made.” So it yet remains inaccurately placed from want of sufficient material for study. It seems also to have got far away from its supposed proper ‘place of residence. Taken in London, at electric light, about the middle of April, 1896. J. Auston Morrart. 170 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. BOOK NOTICES. THE TAXONOMIC VALUE OF THE ANTENN OF LEPIDOPTERA. By Don- ALDSON BoDINE, TRANS. AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, XXIII., pp. 1-56, PLATES I.-V., 1896. Mr. Bodine finds good characters in the finer external structure of the antennee, especially the sculpturing and the distribution of the differ- ent types of sensory hairs. Prof. Comstock’s suborders are abundantly confirmed. Notonly does Mr. Bodine find that the antennz of Hepza/us and MMuicropteryx separate them sharply from all the frenate, but he considers the jugate even more nearly allied to the Zrichoptera than to the other Lepidoptera. Mr. Bodine does not attempt a rigid classifica- tion of the frenatee on antennal characters which would have been desirable ; but draws attention to a number of special affinities. The only one of these which is at all disturbing to the most recent views is that which implies a close relationship between the Sphingide and Seszideé (p. 36). In spite of the close similarity in structure of the antenne, I do not think that this view which derives the Sphingide from the Seszzd@, and therefore from the Tineids, will obtain. There seem to be too many objections on other grounds. Harrison G. Dyar. THE CRAMBIDZ OF NorTH AMERICA, by C. H. Fernald, A. M., Ph. D., Massachusetts Agricultural College, 1896. This little book of less than one hundred pages is really an admir- able monograph of this family of Grass-moths. In the introduction, the author briefly relates the injury that is often done by these insects to grass crops, and mentions some of the natural enemies that keep them in check. He then gives an historical account of the family in the writings of Entomologists, and after a chapter on the external anatomy, proceeds to give descriptions of the genera and species, including the preparatory stages as far as known. The synoptical tables of genera and species are excellent, and afford a ready means of identifying a specimen when made use of in connection with the clear and concise descriptions and the beautiful illustrations. Besides a few wood-cuts in the text, there are three plates depicting the anatomy and wing venation of the family, and six exquisite coloured plates of the species. We trust that collectors will now be induced to study this family, as the way has been made so easy for them, and then be encouraged to investigate other families of Micro- lepidoptera. Mailed June 4th. Fo ttae ee Ae anaeliay a Vor. XXVIIL LONDON, jJUES 1896. No. Ve THE COLEOP ThE RA ORR AN. A De Au BY H. F. WICKHAM, IOWA CITY, IOWA. XVII, THE CHRYSOMELIDE OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC—( Continued ). TrigeE VII.—EuMo-pPIinl. A large group, containing numerous genera and species ; the North American forms have been recently studied by Dr. Horn, and the follow- ing generic table is a condensation, with a few modifications, of the one given by him, A. Anterior margin of prothorax beneath arcuate, forming post-ocular lobes. b, Body above pubescent or scaly. Thorax without distinct lateral margin...............Adoxus. Thorax with distinct lateral margin, size rather large. G/yAtosce/is. bb. Body above glabrous. c. Small species (not above .16 in.) ........ :../.. Zypophorus. cc. Larger (above .zo in.) Claws simply divergent, legs dark............ Chrysochus. Claws divaricate, legs testaceous................ Zymmes. AA. Anterior margin of prothorax beneath straight. d. Thorax without distinct lateral margin. Not metallic above ; thorax transverse, third antennal joint not looser mianhie SCCOHG..... .. }.. ceteris.) Mamehouse. Dreesline SeCKADOVE! A. -§..'.. 2... epee) ©. GTOPROPS. dd. Thorax margined. e. Head with distinct supra-orbital grooves, middle and hind tibize emarginate near the apex...................Metachroma. ee. Head without supra-orbital grooves. f. Lateral margin of prothorax irregular or undulating. Prosternum narrow, contracted between the coxe. Colasfis. Prosternum wide, sides nearly parallel... .. Rhabdopterus. ff. Lateral margin of prothorax regular and entire ; third joint of antenne distinctly longer than the second, the outer five joints not abruptly wider.,...., reresevess ++ LVodonota. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. = cs | bo Apoxus, Kirby. Represented by A. obscurus, Linn., var. vitis, Fabr., a broad- shouldered insect about .20 to .25 in. long; the thorax dark brownish or black and much narrower than the yellowish elytra, which are punctate in rows and clothed with a fine whitish pubescence. Legs dark, tibiz paler. The typical obscurus has the elytra dark, unicolorous with the thorax. GLYPTOSCELIS, Lec. The only record is of G. pudescens, Fabr., a rather large (about .35 in.) insect of somewhat parallel form and green-bronze colour, clothed with a pubescence of mixed cinereous and yellowish hairs. The thorax and elytra are confusedly and distinctly punctured ; the neighbourhood of the scutellum has a depressed space. Legs more or less reddish. TypopHorus, Er. T. canellus, Fabr., is one of the most variable of our Chrysomelide. It is a small insect; not exceeding .16 in. in length; the thorax narrower than the elytra, which are distinctly punctured in rows. Surface shining, In colour there is such a variation as to have given rise to several varietal names, aterrima, Oliv., having been applied to an entirely black form. The name gwofatus, Say, belongs to a variety with black thorax and spotted elytra, while ¢-guttatus, Lec., has a yellow or reddish thorax and spotted elytra. Others occur, but not having been recorded from the region under consideration, they are passed by for the present. A full account of them will be found in Dr. Horn’s paper. Curysocuus, Redt, A common species on the Doy’s-bane (a milk-weed) is C. auratus, Fabr., a large green-bronze beetle, about .40 in. long, often with the most brillant golden reflections. The body is rather more elongate in form ’ than the preceding species and very convex. There is also a record of C. cobaltinus, Lec. (properly a Pacific Coast species), which is of blue colour, sometimes with a touch of green. Tymnes, Chap. L. tricolor, Fabr., is a rather brilliant beetle, about .25 in. long, metallic green or bronzed in colour, the legs almost always reddish or yellowish, the upper lip pale. Elytra coarsely punctured, acute at apex ; “anal segment often pale, especially in the males, in which sex that seg- ment is broadly emarginate and with a transverse depression” (Horn). THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 1738 XANTHONIA, Baly. Here belong two Canadian species. ‘They are small beetles with broad elytra and narrower thorax, as in Adoxus, the upper surface finely pubescent. Dr. Horn separates them thus :— Punctures of elytra very confused, with a feeble seriate tendency towards the sides ; elytra usually dull ochreous with piceous spots, but sometimes entirely fulvous. .12in...... .decemnotata, Say. Punctures of elytra much finer and arranged in regular series, but slightly confused near the suture ; colour usually pale fulvous, varying pee ape brown or piceous, not oo gt en Sik .. villosula, Mels. With the Tag species is Anited Xx. Steadaee Baly. GRAPHOPS, Lec. Small species of more than usually cylindrical form and metallic green or coppery colours. The prothorax is rugose, at least on the sides, and the elytra pubescent with rather large striz composed of distant punctures. The two species from the region under consideration are :— Larger (.16 in.). Prothorax punctured, rugose at 7 Se Rae ie ae WP Are 0%. . . pubescens, Mels. Smaller (.10 in.). eneiorae Pigocele punctured over tieomvigole disk. fos, Cy. 1... oS aay meee womneepennis,. Mels. Meracuroma, Lec. Contains species which resemble in form the well-known Zypophorus, but with post-ocular lobes. Two are found in Eastern Canada. Posterior femora simple; thorax densely punctate, somewhat strigose ; usually black, elytra sometimes with a humeral and apical spot (occasionally united along the Begs dull red. Legs pale in Northern specimens. .12-.14 in. ee .guercatum, Fabr. Posterior femora with a small bath’ on oe Sane about one-third from the knee ; thorax scarcely at all punctate ; colour variable, from entirely pale through forms with black thorax, suture and elytral spots to those completely black excepting the legs. See eMart CMe N. Ww. ok oe A ele ee ED IOSUM Say. -Co.aspis, Fabr. Here belongs C. drunnea, Fabr. (sui//a of the Society’s List), a pale brownish or yellowish beetle, of oblong-oval form, the elytra costate, the 174 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. spaces between these cost being occupied by two irregular rows of coarse, deep punctures. It is extremely variable and the varieties have received names as follows: sw//a, Fabr., is applied to the form in which the head and thorax are brown with slight metallic lustre ; cos¢z- pennis, Cr. ( Crotchit, Lefvr.), to those specimens with brilliantly metallic head and thorax and brown elytra with yellow coste ; while flavida, Say, is the yellowish - testaceous form, merely a little darker beneath. [Horn.] Length, .16-.24 in. Fig. 17 represents C. flavida, natural size and magnified. Fig. 18, the larva, highly magnified. RHABDOPTERUS, Lefvr. The insect formerly known in collections as Colaspis pratexta, Say, has been re- ferred to this genus, and Dr. Horn has substituted the older name, fzczpes, Oliv., therefor. It will there- . fore stand as Rhabdopterus picipes, Oliv. It is a rather Fig, 18. brilliant bronzed or greenish insect, .16-.20 in. long, of oblong-oval form, very convex above. The antenne are testaceous with darker tip, under surface of body greenish, abdomen brown, tip paler, legs testaceous. Elytra with coarse, irregular punctures on the disk, apex substriate. Fig. 17. Noponorta, Lefor. Includes species formerly placed in Co/aspis. Our species are all rather small insects, of convex form, something like Co/asfzs, but shorter in proportion; in colour more or less metallic, bluish or greenish, legs piceous or testaceous. Dr. Horn separates the three species (formerly recognized only as varieties) found in our region as follows :— Form short, oval, punctuation of prothorax simple. Upper surface shining ; metasternum not punctate at SIES, .,..2T=,05 Uses oe gels + wc elonede eta, b/s nan a err Upper surface dull ; metasternum coarsely punctate at sides.< .15—:18 IMs coh ge acie oc a pe eles ots 0905 one Form oblong, subparallel, punctuation of prothorax substrigose ; elytra with distinct costa behind the umbone. SIQSTGAN cae bw eves selecss nee a0 be slegee » «fet i. rere THE CANADIAN ENYOMOLOGIST. Dye MR. A. BOLTER. BY HARRISON G. DYAR, PH. D., NEW YORK. Hepialus hyperboreus, Moschler. This species exhibits a well-marked local variation. Before dis- cussing this I would correct the account in Journal N. Y. Ent. Soc., IL., 168, in respect to the synonymy of confusus. This form is really the same as roseicaput, N. & D., as the description shows. How we were misled into referring the name as a strict synonym, I cannot now recall. It may be well, moreover, to retain a distinct name for the American form until its life-history is known and we can be certain whether it is or is not the same as the European gazva. ff. hyperboreus occurs throughout the northern and mountainous parts of North America, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It is recorded from Labrador [Moschler]; Mt. Washington, N. H. [Mrs. Slosson] ; Colorado [Grote]; Calgary, Alberta [Wolley Dod]; Sierras of California [Hy. Edw.]; Vancouver I., B. C. [Bolter]; Cascade Range, B C. [Neum. & Dyar]; and Alaska [H. Edw. ]. The colour of primaries is brown, varying from dark to pinkish or yellowish-brown ; the silvery markings are complete in all the specimens from the Rocky Mountains and eastward and south of Oregon. In the Northwest, the silvery marks begin to be distinctly replaced by the blackish shades which form their borders in specimens from Vancouver Island (Afatthewi). In the Cascades and Alaska the specimens have no silvery marks, but are banded only with smoky blackish. The size of the specimens is variable. The largest that I have seen is Mrs. Slosson’s example from Mt. Washington (50 mm.), and the smallest are some of the specimens of M/cGlashani (30 mm.). The usual size is close to 40 mm., ranging larger in the East. From present information, I would arrange the varieties and synonymy thus :— HEPIALUS HYPERBOREUS (ganna of Europe ?). hyperboreus, Moschler, 1862.. Labrador and Mt. Washington ; ex- panse, 40-50 mm. pulcher, Grote, 1864. Colorado, and Alberta, Canada ; expanse, 36-38 mm. McGlashani, Hy. Edw., 1886. Truckee, California ; expanse, 30-39 mm, 176 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. intergrade, MATTHEWI. Matthewi, Hy. Edw., 1874. Vancouver Island, B..C.; expanse, 35-41 mm. local race, CONFUSUS. confusus, Hy. Edw., 1884. Alaska ; expanse, 44 mm. roseicaput, Neum. & Dyar, 1893. Cascade Range, B. C.; expanse, 33 mm. SYNOPSIS : Yellowish or reddish-brown, full silvery white marks... .yperboreus. Reddish-brown, the ground colour irregular or spotted with yellowish ; silvery marks more or less replaced by smoky black... . AZatthew2. Pinkish or yellowish - brown, white marks all replaced by smoky black Steg: s.6 Bi is eee ie «5 ei ene ee Alexicles aspersa, Grote. A fresh specimen from Las Vegas, N. M. (The type is rubbed.) Thorax thickly haired, dark gray-brown, touched with white at the bases of the anterior wings, along the collar on the sides below the fore wings ; eyes posteriorly margined with red. Upper side of all the femora and the tips of the tibia and the tarsal joints bright red. Abdomen bright red above except at base and a series of dorsal dark brown spots; gray-brown below, the last two segments tipped with whitish. Fore wings rather thin, grayish-brown, with five transverse rows of dark brown spots and a large discal spot, cutting the otherwise white veins. Expanse, 32 mm. Macrurocampa Dorothea, n. sp. (Fig. 19.) Primaries ash-gray with a lilac tint, composed of black and gray scales, quite uniform, without any contrasting pale shades. Basal space up to the t. a. line shaded with blackish-gray, filled in uniformly except the extreme base, which is pale, and a distinct longitudinal black line - along vein 1 to the t. a. line, bordered on its lower side by an ochreous _shade. T. a. line bounding the dark space, LEG “ geminate, obscure, blackish, outwardly an- * gled on median vein and inwardly in sub- median space. Discal spot lunate, black, confined to the cross-vein. Beyond it the faint, narrow, wavy, black t. p. line crosses the wing, paralleled by a fainter median shade through the aiceal dot itself and beyond by a row of small venular black dots, the three lines ending on the internal margin in a darker shade of ee a ee | : ; . 4 3 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 177 the ground colour. In the interspace of veins 3-4 and 6-7 basally, a triangular patch of the same ochreous tint as borders the basal longi- tudinal line below. Subterminally a distinct black band issues from the apex, slightly toothed outwardly on the veins, inwardly on the interspaces, and proceeds to vein 4, where it is interrupted ; but reappears at vein 3, curving inward and reaching a little way along submedian fold, where it ends. Terminal field gray, scarcely lighter than the general ground, irrorate with black. Fringe dark, with obscure venular spottings. Ab- domen and secondaries smoky gray, secondaries whitish at basal half. Thorax dark iron-gray, black and white hairs intermixed, the head and under side of thorax paler. Type, one female. Las Vegas, New Mexico; collection of Mr. A. Bolter, Chicago. The only Southern species which seems to approach this form is LTeterocampa surinamensis, Moschler. NOTE ON TRIGONOGENIUS FARCTUS. BY E, A. SCHWARZ, WASHINGTON, D. C. Thirty years ago Dr. Leconte described (New Species, Smithson, Misc. Coll., 167, p. 100) the Ptinid Zrigonogenius farctus from specimens received from San Francisco, Cala. Most specimens in our cabinets come from the same locality, but I have seen others from Alameda and Los Gatos, Cala. The collectors of the specimens never published any- thing on its mode of occurrence, and I fail to find in the literature a single record of its habits. Quite recently, however, Dr. James Fletcher, while on a visit to Washington, D. C., showed me two species of Coleoptera found living in red pepper, in Victoria, Br. Col. One is Zrtbolium ferru- gineum, a common cosmopolitan Tenebrionid, which has been found before under similar conditions; but the second species proves to be Trigonogenius farctus. Several specimens of this were obtained, thus showing that its occurrence in the pepper was not accidental, and I have no doubt that upon further research the earlier stages of the beetle can also be found in the pepper. [Larve of all sizes and cocoons with pup in them occurred in this consignment of pepper, which was sent to me by Mr. E. A. Carew-Gibson, of Victoria, B.C.—J. F.] Dr. Fletcher informed me that Victoria gets much produce from San Francisco, and we may 178 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. thus infer that the infested red pepper came from that place. On this and various other points connected with the economy of this species, Dr. Fletcher will no doubt be able to furnish further information. Various Ptinid beetles, ¢. ¢., Ptinus fur, Sitodrepa panicea, Lasio- derma serricorne, are very fond of red pepper, and the occurrence of Trigonogenius in this substance is therefore not surprising, but it brings up another point for consideration. All insects which we find in this country living in groceries, drugs, etc., are of foreign origin, or at least do not belong to the Nearctic fauna. The insects native to North America do not seem to be able, or are not inclined, to adopt this mode of life, and thus it may be questioned whether Z7rzgonogenius farctus really belongs to our fauna. Its general appearance certainly bespeaks a foreign origin. The genus Trigonogenius, as restricted by recent authors, contains only two described species: Z: globudum, Sol., from Chili, and Z: sgualidus, Boield., from New Grenada*, and upon comparing the original descriptions the identity of our species with Z: ¢/obu/um appears to me quite possible. I have, however, not seen Solier’s figure, and a comparison with the type is apparently necessary to decide this question. The mere feeding of these beetles and their larvee cannot be said to injure the red pepper, which does not lose its pungent quality by passing through the bodies of insects. But should the Trigonogenius be very numerous, the presence of the silken pupal cocoons would cause some inconvenience and loss. While speaking of imported Ptinide, I would add that at least two Old World species are most likely to find their way to North America sooner or later. One is JViptus griseofuscus, DeGeer (Ptinus crenatus,. Fabr.), which appears to be a native of Europe, where it commonly occurs in old straw in cellars and stables. The other species is WVzptus hololeucus, readily known by the appressed golden-yellow pubescence covering the entire body. It is probably a native of Asia Minor, whence it was imported into Great Britain about sixty years ago. It occurs now at many points in Western and Central Europe, not only living in all sorts of spices and drugs, but also proving to be injurious in various ways, It would be a most undesirable addition to our fauna. *The two species described and figured by Gorham in Biol. Centr. Amer, are certainly not congeneric with 7, globulum THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 179 THE SMALLER BEES OF THE GENUS ANDRENA FOUND IN NEW MEXICO. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, MESILLA, NEW MEXICO, None of the species herein described or listed are as much as 10 mm. long. t. Marginal cell truncate. The species of this section are not true Amdrena, but will form a distinct genus, apparently as near to Prosapis as to Andrena. ‘Two of the larger species, A. asclepiadis, Ckll., and A. mexicanorum, Ckll., are congeneric. I have before me also a species from Texas.* i. ‘Tarsi piceous in female. Andrena trifoliata, n. sp.—@. Length nearly 1o mm. Closely similar in all respects to A. mauru/a, but differing in being slightly smaller, the eyes dull slate colour, not at all greenish; the clypeal mark smaller, paler, and more distinctly trilobed; the front more sparsely punctured, with minute punctures between the large ones ; the last 6 or 7 joints of the flagellum becoming testaceous ; the wings not rufescent, but the apical half slightly smoky; the third submarginal cell more narrowed above, the first recurrent nervure entering the second submar- ginal cell at the end of its second third; the legs black ; the abdomen with the basal white hair-bands on segments 3 and 4 entire ; the hairs on venter very few, and whitish. The metathorax and postscutellum are quite black, not at all brownish. The pale, cream-coloured face-mark is shaped something like a vine leaf. *Andrena maurula, n. sp.—Female. Length nearly 1o mm. Black, no more pubescent than a Prosafis, strongly punctured. Head broader than long, face very broad ; eyes rather small, dull olive green ; clypeus arcuate below, its upper half, just enclosing the black dots, and extending as a rounded lobe downwards in the median line, pale primrose yellow. A very narrow, sometimes interrupted, pale yellow supra- clypeal transverse mark. Labrum prominent, truncate, with a small longitudinal keel Clypeus with large but rather sparse punctures, median line impunctate. Front and vertex closely punctured. Antenne short, dark brown, scape punctured, Thorax somewhat shining, bare except the minutely pubescent hind border of prothorax, lower part of pleura, and lateral angles of metathorax Median and parapsidal grooves distinct. Mesothorax and scutellum strongly and closely punctured ; postscutellum and meta- thorax slightly brownish, coarsely granular, or so closely punctured as to seem so ; metathorax with a deep pit, enclosure not defined, except by an impunctate band at sides, basally very obscurely wrinkled. Tubercles light yellow, tegulze testaceous with a yellow patch. Wings stained with ferruginous, nervures and stigma dark rusty brown, marginal cell truncate. Legs dark brown, the four anterior knees light yellow. Abdomen strongly and closely punctured, segments after the first with more or less distinct lateral basal white hair-bands. Anal fimbria ochreous. Hairs on venter more or less tinged with ochreous. Habitat.—Texas ; three collected by Belfrage, and now in U.S. Nat’l Museum, One bears the number 237. ; 180 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Habitat.—Albuquerque, N. M.; two, on June 30th, 1895, between the town and the University [Ckll., 3254, 3256.]. ii. Tarsi rufous in the 2; yellowish white in the ¢. Andrena heteromorpha, n. sp.—Q. Length about 8 mm.; similar in build and general appearance to 4. ¢rifoliata, but rather more slender. Black, no more pubescent than a Prosapis, face-mark and tubercles pale primrose yellow. Head a little broader than long; eyes black ; supra- clypeal mark very narrow, as in the other species of the group, forming the base of the clypeal mark, which is trilobed below, much rounder in general outline than that of ¢7z/o/zata, decidedly longer in proportion to its breadth than in that or maurula. Mandibles simple, rufous, with the tips blackish and the bases becoming yellow. Face and front shining, strongly but irregularly punctured, vertex strongly and closely punctured. Antenne black, the flagellum from the 4th joint becoming rufous beneath. Tubercles pale yellow with a black spot near the hind margin. Meso- thorax shiny, closely punctured, parapsidal grooves distinct. Scutellum closely punctured, Postscutellum and metathorax coarsely granular, base of metathorax with small, ill-defined longitudinal wrinkles. ‘Tegule testaceous, with a triangular pale yellow spot; wings smoky hyaline, nervures and stigma dark brown, the former ferruginous at base of wing. First recurrent nervure entering second submarginal cell at the end of its second third. Legs black, first four knees yellow, hind knees ferruginous; tarsi ferruginous, first joint of middle tarsi quite broad. Abdomen strongly and closely punctured, without distinct hair-bands or spots, but the last two segments pruinose with white pubescence. Anal fimbria pale ochreous. d¢. Smaller and more slender, the abdomen subcylindrical. Face_ wholly pale primrose yellow below level of antennz, the upper margin of the yellow straight, only notched on each side of the dog-ear marks, and produced narrowly a short distance along the orbits. Basal portion of mandibles externally all pale yellow. Antennz entirely dark, not at all rufescent. Second submarginal cell very narrow. Anterior tibiz pale yellow in front ; all the tarsi cream colour, except the darkened terminal joint. Abdomen with the last four segments primrose. Punctures of basal segment not so close. Habitat —Las Cruces, N. M.; close to the Agricultural College, on Verbesina encelioides ; Sept. 12th, 1895 [Ckll., 5056, ; 5058, ¢.]. \ . nT THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 181 2. Marginalcell pointed. i. Q with wings tinged yellowish, stigma pale ferruginous, abdomen impunctate; ¢ with clypeus dark ; hind tarsi clear ferru- ginous in both sexes. Andrena salicinella, Ckll., Psyche Suppt., 1895, p. 4. The type was taken on willow, but was unique, and among many bees collected on willow at the same place, May 2nd and 3rd, 1896, are no sa/icinel/a. Both sexes were, however, taken in quantity on Svsymbrium canescens, on the College Farm, Mesilla Valley, N. M., April 12th and 16th, 1895, the males predominating. The ¢ differs by the face being covered with dense white pubes- cence, the flagellum ferruginous beneath; the wings clear, not yellowish ; the stigma reddish brown, darker than in the 2; the abdomen narrower, but distinctly banded. When I published sad/cine//a, Miss J. E. Casad had already described the species as new (in MS.) from the ¢, but I was not aware that her insect was the opposite sex of mine. Miss Casad has described (in MS.) another species from a ¢ taken on Arynitzkia (supposed to be K. Jamesiz), on Little Mountain, Mesilla Valley, April 1st, 1895. This is smaller than ¢ sa/icine//a, and the head seems very much broader in proportion to its length ; but the latter feature is probably due, at least for the most part, to the retraction of the mouth-’ parts and the absence of the dense white clypeal pubescence, except at the sides. My present opinion is that it is probably an individual mutation of sa/icine//a, but it may be a distinct but closely allied species. ii Wings not tinged yellowish, hind tarsi not clear ferruginous. a. Clypeus dark in the ¢, abdomen tessellate but impunctate. Andrena monilicornis, 1. sp.— d. Length about 84% mm. Black, with long dull white pubescence. Head broader than long, face densely covered with long white hairs, cheeks less densely ; vertex bare, flattened or even slightly concave, microscopically reticulate, and with large, rather sparse punctures. Antenne long, wholly black, the joints somewhat swollen, moniliform, first joint of flagellum not longer than the third. Mandibles wholly black. Thorax covered with long hairs; the prothorax, disk of mesothorax, scutellum, and enclosure of metathorax, bare. Mesothorax rather dull, with large, rather sparse punctures. Scutellum shiny, with sparse punctures ; a small impunctate space on each side of the middle. Enclosure of metathorax dull, minutely roughened, bounded only by an impressed line. ‘Tegulee shining dark brown. Wings hyaline, iridescent, nervures and stigma testaceous, costal nervure black. Second 182 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. submarginal cell very broad, receiving the first recurrent nervure at its middle. Legs black, apical joints of tarsi becoming dull ferruginous. Femora with very long white hairs, Abdomen moderately broad, having a silky lustre, strongly minutely tessellate, impunctate. All the segments sparsely hairy, their hind margins with thin white hair-bands, failing in the middle. Venter with continuous white hair-bands. Apex with white hairs. Habitat.—College Farm, Mesilla Valley, N. M.; on plum; March 25th, 1896. b. Clypeus pale primrose yellow in the %, abdomen punctate. (1) Larger, distance between the clypeal dots in ¢ not greater than distance from one to top of clypeus. Andrena capricornis, Casad and Ckll, n. sp.— ~. Length, 8 mm.; stoutly built; black, with dull white pubescence; clypeus and a large mark on each side of it very pale primrose yellow. Head broader than long, face and front with rather long but thin pubescence; clypeus large, unusually high, almost bare, with scattered punctures; there are either two minute gray dots or there may be two gray bands, extending upward and laterad from the position of the dots, meeting each other at a right angle. The lateral face-marks are irregularly diamond-shaped, the upper outer margin notched. Vertex roughened, a polished, sparsely punctured area at the summit of each eye. Antenne fairly long, black, the tip of the flagellum beneath becoming dark coffee-colour. First joint of flagellum about as long as second and third together, second not as long as broad. Mandi- bles wholly black ; lower margin of clypeus black, arcuate ; basal process of labrum emarginate. Thorax quite densely pubescent ; mesothorax dull, rather closely punctured ; scutellum shiny, irregularly punctured ; enclosure of metathorax granular, bounded only by an impressed line. Tegulze dark chestnut brown, wings hyaline, nervures and stigma dark reddish brown, costal nervure black ; second submarginal cell narrowed above, receiving the first recurrent nervure just before its middle. Legs black, pubescent, apical joints of tarsi becoming more or less rufescent. Abdomen rather broad and short, punctured, only moderately shiny, clothed all over with thin white pubescence, which forms ill-defined bands, interrupted in the middle, on the hind margins of the segments. When the insect is viewed from the side the bands on segments 2 to 4 look very white and distinct, as, indeed, do those on 2 and 3, viewed from above. THE CANADIAN EN'TOMOLOGIST. 183 Habitat.— One on plum, College Farm, Mesilla Valley, N. M., April gth, 1895 [Casad, 161]; another on plum, same locality, March 25th, 1896 [CkIl.]. (2) Smaller, distance between the clypeal dots in ¢ much greater than distance from one to top of clypeus. Andrena primulifrons, Casad, n. sp.—¢. “ Black, pubescence ashy, head broader than thorax ; clypeus and lateral spots somewhat triangular in shape, their longest side toward clypeus and extending a little above it on sides of face, pale lemon yellow ; clypeus broader than long, with black dots about half way between upper and lower edge and separated from each other by about the length of the clypeus ; rest of head black, face clothed with ashy hairs and fringed at its base, vertex bare, occiput and cheeks clothed with long hair; antenne testaceous beneath ; thorax clothed same as head, hairs longest on pleura, very sparse on metathorax ; wings hyaline, iridescent, nervures piceous ; legs with hairs, sparsest and longest on femora ; abdomen sparsely clothed with short hairs ; segments banded apically. Length about 6 mm. Its general appearance is much like that of Hadictus fasciatus.” |Jessie E. Casad. | 9. ‘Black, having an oily appearance, pubescence grayish, mixed with ochraceous ; head very little broader than thorax, face as long as broad, clothed sparsely with short pale ochraceous hairs, those on clypeus very scattered ; antennz paie brown from fourth joint to tip beneath; thorax clothed similarly to head, metathorax bare, punctured and fringed marginally ; wings hyaline, third submarginal cell long, narrowed more than one-half toward marginal, stigma fulvous, tegule testaceous ; legs dark brownish, clothed with pale hairs, heaviest on tibiz and tarsi; last joints of tarsi reddish ; abdomen punctured, clothed with fine, short, scattered hairs ; apical marginal bands interrupted on segments one and two ; bands entire on following segments.” [Jessie E. Casad. | Habitat.—Mesilla Valley, N. M.; Little Mountain, April rst, 1895, on Krynitzkia (supposed to be K. Jamesiz), a 2 [Casad, 154]; Campus of Agricultural College, on flowers of Biscutella Wislizenii, April gth, 1896, a ? [CkIl]; on plum, College Farm, April roth, 1895, a ¢ [Casad, 187]; on plum, College Farm, March 25th, 1896, a ¢ [CkIl.] ; on Sisymbrium canescens, College Farm, April 16th, 1895 [CkIl., 2790, 2742]. Miss Casad had described the sexes as distinct species, but they are doubtless one. The stigma varies in colour, being sometimes reddish 184 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. fulvous, sometimes brown; but its margin is always conspicuously darkened below. ‘The enclosure of the metathorax is strongly granular, contrasting with a comparatively shining area on each side of it. The nervures in the ? are distinctly darker than in sadicinel/a. P. S.—June 2nd, 1896. After renewed study, and an examination of the tongue and palpi, I am satisfied that the supposed species of Andrena described by me with the marginal cell truncate represents a valid new genus, which I will call Protandrena. The species are as follows: PP. asclepiadis, P. mexicanorum, P. trifoliata, P. maurula, P. heteromorpha. LEPYRUS ALTERNANS AND, CAPUCINUS, LIXUS: FOSSUS; CREMASTOCHILUS HARRISIT AND POLYPLEURUS NITIDUS. BY JOHN HAMILTON, M. D., ALLEGHENY, PA. Lepyrus alternans, Casey.—In a former paper (p. 125) the form described under this name was united with Capucinus, Schall, owing to an error of observation in regard to the wings. The example then ex- amined was somewhat broken and it is now evident the wings had been removed. A recent dissection of a perfect specimen exhibits a well- developed pair of wings. This form is closely related to palustris ( per- haps not more than a geographical variety), differing in the form of the thorax, which, instead of being conical, is much wider at middle than at base (subangulate) ; the rostrum is perhaps stouter and the mesosternum less elevated—both characters somewhat opinionative; there is no femoral tooth in any of the examples seen ; the elytral intervals are less regular, either not obviously inequal or the first and third wider, the others nar- rower and some of them longitudinally sulcate along the middle ; the strial punctuation is usually finer and closer, and the striz seem to be acutely impressed when the elytra are perfectly denuded. In vestiture ornamentation and other characters the two forms seem identical. All the examples seen have been from Maine and New Hampshire (Mount Washington and vicinity). L. capucinus, Schall.—The removal of a/ternans from synonymy with this species necessitates a little change in the former description, where some of the characters peculiar to the latter form were introduced:— Apterous, black, robust, vestiture nearly uniform. Rostrum stout, longer than the thorax, sulcate on each side of the carina which attains the frontal fovea, rather closely and not coarsely punctured, and with the head thinly clothed with squamoid hairs; scape of antennz short, not attaining the eye; first joint of funicle stout, second thinner and eS eee — = THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 185 two-thirds longer, ferruginous to piceous. Thorax transverse, wider than long, sides nearly parallel to apical third, then rapidly rounding to apical constriction ; apex one-fourth narrower than base. subconvex, surface even, closely covered with granuloid tuber- culations, smaller on the disk, larger and rugous on the sides; median carina fine, mostly attaining the base. Elytra oval, striato-punctate, striae when denuded slightly acutely impressed, intervals not obviously inequal, granuloid tubercles fine and sparse ; apices conjointly rounded, notch very slight. Anterior femora with the sinuation for the tibize strongly rectangularly laminate and usually the middle and posterior ; mesosternum elevated between the cox. The vestiture is very uniform, mostly of white and gray fine hairlike scales tessellated on the elytra, sparser below; the median spot on the elytra usually seen in the other species is absent, but there is a white one on each apical protuberance; the femora are not annulated and the abdominal spots are wanting. The American examples seen are from Michigan ; the European, from Hungary. i vemellus, Kitby.—This elegant species was taken by Mr. F. C. Bowditch, in the Rocky Mountains near Eagle Pass, at an elevation of ‘13,000 feet or over, examples of which, through his courtesy, I have been enabled to see. From these the recorded distribution is Vancouver Island; Alaska (the Peninsula of Kenai and the adjoining Continent, also the Yukon); the Hudson Bay region to Lat. 65°. In the former notice, p. 126, the wora ‘‘ scalerous” should read scabrous. Lepyrus palustris.—-Examples from Indiana in the cabinet of F. H. Snow, Chancellor of the University of Kansas, are absolutely identical with the cylindrical, long-beaked European form usually sent to America. Lixus fossus, Lec., 1876, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., XV., 417 ; Zucu/entus, Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci, VI., 209. Fossus was described from a unique taken at Enterprise, Florida ; Jucudentus from examples taken at Lake Worth, Florida, about 250 miles southward. Except in size, the individuals of this species are little variable, but enough so to make two or three species of by any one inclined in that direction. Mr. Casey’s types seemingly differ from Dr. Leconte’s in three or four points which more ample material shows to possess only individual value. The material in my collection, ¢ and ?, is from near Jacksonville and from Lake Worth, the latter due to the munificence of Mrs. Slosson, who recently sent me nine examples. The ¢ examples from Jacksonville agree with Dr. Leconte’s description of the thorax and basal fovea, the 9 with his description of the supposed 9 which is the 9 of Mr. Casey’s /ucu/entus. In the males of the examples from Lake Worth the thorax and basal fovez are diverse, some as in /ossus, some as in /uculentus, and others intermediate. The characters drawn from the beak are likewise mutually intermixed. The following description drawn from to male examples illustrates 186 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. the principal characters of the species, with the most noteworthy differences observed among individuals :— Beak about as long as the thorax, sometimes longer, mostly shorter ; a broad trans- verse impression between the eyes more or less evident ; a round frontal fovea, a smaller elongate one between the insertion of the antennz sometimes obsolescent; in some ex- amples a trace of a carina between the fovex, but usually not; punctuation fine and sparse to coarser and denser, clothed with minute whitish scales to tip ; antennee insert- ed about one-third from apex, slender, light to dark ferruginous ; club mostly darker ; thorax about as long as wide, sometimes longer, sometimes shorter, conical ; process of base prolonged more or less acutely between the elytra in place of the scutellum, which is not visible; fossa deep, sometimes limited at basal third, sometimes the impression extends to middle and sometimes narrowly to apical margin, densely rugoso-punctulate; some fine punctures, mostly on the sides ; elytra not or but little wider than the thorax, with irregular series of moderately coarse punctures, of which the inner three are usually well defined ; tips separately acutely rounded and conjointly emarginate ; uniformly mottled with condensed spots of short white scaly pubescence, as is likewise the thorax and under side, the latter also ornamented with numerous denuded black dots ; femora annulate with white. Length, .30-.40inch. Habitat.—Common from Jacksonville, Fla., southward. The denuded elytral area mentioned by Mr. Casey is entirely due to abrasion, as is also that of the disk of the thorax, neither being present in recent specimens. ‘The surface in soine of the examples is covered with a yellow pollenoid powder such as is seen in concavus. The female seemingly differs from the male only in the more cylindrical, slightly longer, less pubescent, and mcre finely punctulate beak, with the antennze inserted near the middle, and the usually longer thoracic impression. Cremastochilus Harrisii, Kirby.—This species was taken, by myself, with ants (species not observed) in Western Pennsylvania [Can. Ent., XX., 160]; also in Florida, with a large ant inhabiting under a board [Ib., XXVL., 255], which Prof. Schmitt names Camponotus floridanus. In March, 1895, I took an example with the same species of ant at Lake Worth, under circumstances somewhat different from the ordinary. A smali pine had been broken off by a wind-storm about six feet from the ground, the broken end resting on the stump ; under the loosening bark of the tree a- colony of ants had formed a nest, and in it was this Cremastochilus; the ants were in great consternation at the exposure of their habitation, and while anxious and in much hurry to remove their pupz to places of safety, they appeared to be equally solicitous about the Cremastochilus, several of them laying hold of it and dragging it with them. At first it simulated death, but after having been dragged awhile it got up and walked off quite lively under their guidance. Polypleurus nitidus, Lec.—This fine beetle, rather rare in collections, is abundant along Lake Worth, Florida, in pine hummocks where there are stumps. The larva when full-grown is about an inch and one-half in THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 187 length, cylindrical but a little flattened, about one-eighth of an inch in diameter ; the body is hard, solid, and not easily crushed; the mandibles large, sharp, and powerful enough to draw blood ; the colour is pale yellow with the head piceous. Itis very active. The beetle breeds in pine stumps which have been cut two or three years and have dried out; the Jarve devour the solid wood always in a vertical direction, two or three dozen of them being frequently found in a stump six or eight inches in diameter, the inside of which is mostly reduced to powder by the time they are ready to pupate. I took the beetle from February to May, and it may possibly disclose at all times during the year. This species is probably not confined to pine, as I took it frequently quite remote from any pine, under boards, bark, etc., and I strongly suspect that it breeds in roots, etc., after the manner of some of the Elaterid larve called ‘‘ wireworms.” TWO NEW HESPERIDS. BY HENRY SKINNER, PROF. ENT., ACAD. NAT. SCI., PHILADELPHIA. Pamphila Howard, n. sp. Male.—Expands 1.50 inches. Upper s¢de : Superiors tawny with a fuscous border a little more than one-eighth inch in width; there are from one to four small subapical tawny spots in the fuscous border ; at end of cell a dark spot which may or may not be connected with the stigma ; stigma rather more than an eighth inch in length, very narrow and unbroken, and extending to inner margin. Inferiors have the same fuscous border and tawny centralarea. Under side: Superiors with tawny central area and border same as upper side; there is a large triangular spot extending into the wing from the base. The tawny colour above this spot is of a darker hue than that below and outside of it. Inferiors very light brown, generally with four or five very faint tawny spots in the central area. The females are larger, without the stigma and have the under side of inferiors immaculate. Described from eight specimens in my own col- lection and four in that of the U. S. National Museum, through the courtesy of Prof. L. O. Howard. They are all from Florida; two being from Georgiana, on the Indian River ; exact locality of others unknown. This species has usually been confounded with viafor, but is really nothing like it. The species belongs to the arpa, palatka, Aaroni, viator group. It 188 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. is a much larger species than Aaroni,; it has not the bright immaculate inferiors below like avfa and differs from pa/atka in the stigma, which in that species is in two short sections. The superiors in véator above are fuscous, covered with tawny spots. Pamphila stigma, 0. sp. Male.—Expands 114 inches. Upfer side. Superiors bright yellow ; border fuscous, about one-sixteenth of an inch in width; the fuscous extending slightly inwards into the yellow between the veins. Stigma broad, black, and semicircular ; very wide in proportion to its length ; extending from stigma toward tip of wing is a rectangular fuscous spot. Inferiors fuscous with an orange central area which is broken into four or five spots by the nerves. Under side : Superiors yellow with the usual fuscous patch at base; there are five fuscous spots on the outer third of wing, which begin at the inner margin and extend upward, each one being smaller than the other as they extend toward the outer third of the centre. Inferiors bright yellow, a few small fuscous spots scattered about the wings. From several specimens in the collection of the author and Dr. Herman Strecker, of Reading, Pa., from southern border of New Mexico and S.-W. Texas. This species somewhat resembles dreftus and phyleus, but can be known at once by the stigma, which is like that of campestris, ASSOCIATION OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGISTS. The Association of Economic Entomologists will hold its eighth annual meeting in the Library Building, Buffalo, N. Y., on Friday and Saturday, August 21st and 22nd, 1896. ‘The first general session of the American Association for the Advancement of Science will be held on Monday, August 24th, 1896. It is earnestly requested that members of the Association of. Economic Entomologists should promptly inform the Secretary whether they expect to be present or not, and also submit immediately the titles of communications they desire to present, to enable the distribution before the date of the meeting of a preliminary programme. Full information relating to railroad rates, hotels, etc., is given in the preliminary bulletin of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a copy of which may be obtained by addressing the local Secretary, Mr. Eben P. Dorr, care of Society of Natural Science, Buffalo, NEEYe C. L. MARLATT, Secretary. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. ee ee ae a | te ee THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 189 BOOK NOTICE. MONOGRAPH OF THE BOMBYCINE MOTHS OF AMERICA NorTH OF MEXICO, including their transformations and origin of the larval markings and armature. Part I., family 1, Notodontide. By ALPHEUS S. PACKARD. National Academy of Sciences, Vol. VII., 1895 (received May 11th, 1896); 292 pages, 49 plates, and 10 maps. Dr. Packard’s long-promised monograph has at length appeared. The copious text is divided into ten sections: I., Introduction ; IL, Hints on the mode of evolution of the bristles, spines and tubercles of Notodontian and other caterpillars; III., On certain points in the external anatomy of Bombycine larve; IV., Oa the incongruence between the larval and adult characters of Notodontians ; V., Inheritance of characters acquired during the lifetime of Lepidopterous larve ; VI., Geographical distribution of the American Notodontide; VII, Phy- logeny of the Lepidoptera ; VIII., Attempt at a new classification of the Lepidoptera; IX., A rational nomenclature of the veins of the wings of insects, especiaily of the Lepidoptera; X., Systematic revision of the Notodontidz, with special reference to their transformations. Most of these have previously appeared as separate articles, as the reader will recall. The life-histories are given as fully as our present knowledge will allow, much of this knowledge being due to Dr. Packard’s own labours. The plates illustrating them are beautifully coloured, the early stages highly magnified. These plates must be seen to be appreciated: A few remarks in criticism of the memoir will not be understood to imply a lack of appreciation of its many valuable features. In general the synoptic tables of subfamilies, genera, and species are poor and uncritical. They are no improvement over those of the author’s mono- graph of Geometride, to which the same criticism applies. In all the figures of larvee the sete are imperfectly shown, and their number and position are not to be relied upon. I corrected for Dr. Packard a num- ber of the plates in this respect, but the corrections were necessarily made from memory and on general principles, and there is not a figure which has the authority of a careful copy from nature. Even the special figures in the text are often very erroneous; e. g., figure 9, on page 63, where the back and side views of the same larva are shown as different. Dr. Packard also fails generally to describe the arrangement of the set an the text. 190 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The classification of the Lepidoptera which is used is original with the author. It has been already presented in the American Naturalist, where I have had occasion to notice it. In rejecting the classification of Prof. Comstock, the author argues that the frenulurn is of small value in classification, because both frenulum and jugum are present in some Jugatze, and the frenulum is absent in some Frenate. While we may admit this argument for what it is worth, it seems that Dr. Packard entirely misses the great cumulative force of the evidence adduced by Prof. Comstock and others for these suborders. Classifications founded on the venation alone [Hampson], the wing scales [Kellogg], and the antennz [Bodine] give the same suborders. [I have also shown that the larval characters do not support Dr. Packard’s view. But Dr. Packard gives no weight to larval characters, in spite of the implication in the title. Harrison G. Dyar. NOTES. Corias Casonra.—Messrs. C. T. Hills and C. H. Tyris captured no less than fifteen specimens of this Southern butterfly (Fig. 20) on the 11th of June, besides worn specimens that they let go. ‘They were flying quite abundantly, mostly in a south-easterly direc- tion, crossing the Humber River near Toronto, where the Canadian Pacific Rail- way bridge is.” One speci- men was also taken by them on June 14, near Little York. This butterfly has only once before been recorded from Ontario, having been taken on Long Point, Lake Erie. Papitio Ajax.—At the end of May, and again on the 18th of June, a single specimen of this butterfly was seen at Port Hope, Ont. It has never before been observed so far east in this Province. In Toronto four specimens have been seen by Mr. C. T. Hills during the month of | June this year. Mailed July 6th. see The € anadliay Hantomologist VoL XXVIII. LONDON, AUGUST, 1896. No.8. NEW BEES OF THE GENERA XENOGLOSSA AND PODA- LIRIUS (ANTHOPHORA),. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, MESILLA, NEW MEXICO. Xenoglossa patricia, n.sp.— g. Length about 22 mm., very stoutly built ; head and thorax black, densely covered with short fulvous pu- bescence; abdomen and legs bright chestnut red. Head broad, eyes black, orbits somewhat converging above, ocelli very large, a linear groove descending from middle ocellus, vertex obscurely tessellate ; clypeus broad, yellow, its upper margin suffused with orange, and its anterior margin narrowly rufous ; surface of clypeus rough so as to look lke the skin of a lemon ; labrum yellow, with appressed, very short, pale fulvous pubescence ; mandibles long, simple, with a large yellow patch near the base, suffused outwardly into a reddish tongue, which gradually loses itself in the black of the tips. Antenne hardly reaching beyond tegule, piceous, with the scape, funicle, and first and last joints of flagellum, rufescent. First joint of flagellum longer than the two following, but not so long as the three following. Sculpture of thorax cannot be seen for the pubescence. Tegule reddish-testaceous. Wings smoky, nervures piceous, venation as in X. fu/va. Legs with appressed orange-rufous pubescence, spurs rufous, claws black at ends, strongly bifid, spur of anterior tibia with a broad hyaline wing, as is also the case with X. fu/va. Abdomen moderately shining, with small, close punctures ; first segment with fulvous pubescence at base, the rest bare, but for the fine reddish- fulvous pile, conspicuous when the abdomen is viewed from the side. Ventral segments fringed with reddish-fulvous hairs. Apex. produced, black at the broadly truncate end ; the apex is more produced and much narrower than in X. fu/va. Sixth segment with a broad blunt tooth on each side. Habitat.—Mesilla, New Mexico. At about a quarter to nine on the morning of June 21, 1896, the day being very hot and rather cloudy. I opened, in the town of Mesilla, a number of flowers of Cucurbita perennis. The flowers contained great numbers of Déabrotica 12- 192 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. punctata, but, in addition, each fresh flower contained a single bee. On sorting out the bees after returning home, I was astonished to find they were all of the genus Xenog/ossa, and included three species, viz.: X. pruinosa, Say, 4 6; X. patricia, v. sp., 1 6; X. cucurbitarum, n. sp., 3 6. X. patricia is nearest to X. fulva, but it is larger and stouter, and the head and thorax are black. It has no resemblance to any of the other species. Smith’s AZe/issodes rubricata, from Oajaca, Mexico, is coloured much like X. Jatricia; may it perhaps be a Xenoglossa? It differs from patricia by the black pubescence on the legs, ete. Xenoglossa cucurbitarum, n. sp.— g. Length about 20 mm.; not so stout as X. patricia ; black, thorax covered with short orange-fulvous pubescence, legs bright chestnut-red. Head broad, orbits nearly parallel, eyes black ; face, cheeks and occiput with rather thin pubescence, long and fulvous on occiput, becoming whitish on cheeks and lower part of face. Vertex more or less punctured, the punctures running into linear grooves on the front. A shining channel descending from middle ocellus. Clypeus closely punctured, lemon-yellow, with its whole upper margin and extreme sides rather broadly black, anterior edge rufous, simple. Labrum yellow, with pubescence as in patricia. Mandibles with a large yellow patch, the outer end of which becomes rufous. ‘There is a large, short tooth on the inner side of the mandibles, not far from the base ;—this is wanting in patricia. Antenne reaching only to tegule, piceous, scape and flagellum dark rufous ; first joint of flagellum a little longer than the two following together. Tegule reddish-testaceous. Wings smoky, nervures piceous, venation as in patricia. Legs with short reddish-fulvous pubescence, spurs rufous, claws black at ends, strongly bifid. Abdomen black, shining, punctured, base of first segment with fulvous hairs ; second segment at sides, and the other segments all over, more or less covered with very short, appressed, fulvous pile. Apex produced and truncate, much as in fafricia. Sixth segment with a tooth on each side. Habitat.— Mesilla, N. M., as described above. The following table will serve to separate the species of Xenoglossa :-— Legs, except the tarsi, black. Flagellum ferruginous or testaceous, at least beneath; ¢ witha transverse yellow band on clypeus... ......zpom@a@, Rob. Flagellum black, or nearly so; ¢ with a yellow spot onclypeus, sometimes wanting; 4 with first joint of flagellum very SHOP (isons so eleatalece sos «Sop bau oles 6 claiey = ate) aoe THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 193 Legs wholly rufous, or fulvous ; ¢ with first joint of flagellum long. Head and thotax fulvous.. i.) .s.ik v2... es... 5 falva, Smith. Head and thorax black. Ahidoemetr chestnut-red «..'¢..5. 7522) .. patricia, Ckll. Abdomen black. « Dine See ‘aneabinie um, Ckll. X. pruinosa, 1 have from Pennsyleanie and sei York ; thence to Mesilla is a wide range. X. fu/va ranges from Lower Gaintornia to Arizona and southward to Puebla, Mexico; its range seems not to touch that of pruinosa. X. ipomee is only known from Carlinville, Illinois, where Mr. Robertson found it and X. pruinosa visiting [pomea pandurata. The above was written June 21. On June 22, at about 7:45 a. m., the flowers of C. perennis were open, and about twenty minutes collect- ing yielded : X. pruinosa, 5 6; X. patricia, 2 6, 1 9; X. cucurbitarum, 4¢,4 2. The honey bees were also visiting the flowers, but seemed disconcerted to find fat Xenoglossze at the bottom of them. In one flower was found an Agapostemon texanus, which, it may be remarked, is not so blue with us as Cresson’s Texan types, though otherwise agreeing. The females of X. patricia and X. cucurbitarum resemble the males in size and appearance; the scopa of the hind legs is fairly abundant, but loose ; it is distinctly plumose. In both, the rufous hind tibiz, on the outer surface, exhibit many small black spots. The legs of cucur- bitarum @ are suffused with black at the base, to a variable extent. In patricia 2 the clypeus and labrum are rufous, the mandibles are rufous without at base, and present a reddish-orange streak on the distal half, this being separated from the rufous by black. In cucurbitarum 92 the clypeus is black, with sometimes an obscure rgddish or yellowish spot near the anterior edge, its outline not clearly defined ; the labrum also is black, reddish at its upper median border; the mandibles have an obscure yellow spot near the base, and sometimes a streak as in patricia. The hairs surrounding the pygidium in both species are bright orange- fulvous. Podalirius cleomis, n. sp»—¢. Length, 12 mm., stout, black. Head broad, with long but not very dense pubescence, gray and black mixed, hairs on cheeks beneath long and white. Clypeus (except broad black lateral borders), a narrow supraclypeal band interrupted in middle, triangular lateral face-marks, labrum (except a black boss on each side next to upper margin),and a large patch on outside of mandibles, pure white, 194 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. When the face is viewed somewhat from below, it is seen that the anterior margins of both clypeus and labrum (which has a small notch) are black. Antenne black, the scape white in front. The lateral face-marks are divided above by a broad rounded notch into a linear portion extending a little way along the orbital margin, and a broad rounded portion adjacent to the clypeus. Clypeus and labrum punctured, disc of labrum somewhat confluently punctured. Sides of vertex with very small, close punctures ; large, scattered punctures behind the ocelli, which are pale honey colour. Thorax densely covered with mixed gray and black pubescence, the sides with little black. Tegule black. Wings rather short, hyaline tinged with smoky, nervures and stigma piceous. Legs black, the joints of the tarsi after the first dark ferruginous. First four femora fringed behind with long white hairs. Middle tarsi simple. Hind tibize stout, with a long, obliquely-placed spine a short distance from the end. The hind femora are also quite stout, but not so stout as the tibiz. First joint of hind tarsi broadened, with a conspicuous erect tooth not far from the base. Hind tibiz with short grayish pubescence, appearing white in some lights. Inner surface of first joint of hind tarsi with short orange-rufous pubescence. Abdomen short and broad, first segment with sparse long grayish hairs. the remaining segments almost nude, the margins of segments 1-6 broadly cream colour or pale yellowish—this colour sharply defined from the black. Apex with two short, widely- separated spines, and short rufescent hairs. Habitat.—Santa Fé, N. M., August, on Cleome serrudata. (Ckll., 1767.) This species is interesting as representing apparently a north- ward extension of a neotropical type. It resembles the P. marginatus (Smith), which Cresson says is found at Orizaba, Mexico ; and still more. the Mexican P. ¢arsatus (Sichel MS., Dours), from which it differs in the lack of fulvous pubescence, and the white instead of yellow face-marks. Dours says the basal joint of the hind tarsus of farsatus has two spines ; in cleomis the tibial spur crosses the tarsal spine and, projecting beyond, looks like a second spine. Could Dours have been misled by such an appearance? Dalla! Torre, it may be remarked, has proposed to change the name ¢arsatus to Doursii, because of preoccupation ; but the change is not needed if Habropoda be held valid, the other ¢arsatus being of that genus. Among the U. S. species, cleomis resembles P. cadifornicus (Cr.) and P. texanus (Cr.). From the former it is distinguished by the large Ee = i es Ve Se ee ee ee a eer THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 195 admixture of black in the pubescence, and from the latter by the colour of the pubescence and the black tegula. Cresson describes only the 2 of texans. Besides the type specimen .of c/eomis, I have two others taken at Santa Fé, in August, by V. Boyle. It may be added that P. cleomis shows a considerable superficial resemblance to the European P, albigenus, Lep., which I have from Marseilles [E. André], but in albigenus the abdominal bands are due to pubescence, as in a/amosanus. Podalirius alamosanus, 0. sp.— 2. Length about 14 mm.; anterior wing, 9 mm.; stout, black, with cinereous pubescence. Head broad, densely pubescent, except on lower part of clypeus and sides of vertex, which are bare; the pubescence cinereous, becoming tinged with ochraceous and mixed with black on occiput and middle of vertex. Face wholly black. Vertex roughened, and with sparse, indistinct punctures ; clypeus rough from dense confluent punctures. First joint of flagellum as long as the second, third and fourth together, second shorter than third. ‘Thorax densely covered with ashy pubescence, becoming dull white beneath, tinged with ochreous and mixed with black (especially on scutellum) on dorsum. ‘Tegule fuscous, hairy on anterior half. Wings smoky-hyaline, nervures and stigma piceous, venation normal. Legs black with cinereous pubescence, apical joints of tarsirufous. Hind tibiz with short black hairs on inner surface; basal joint of hind tarsi with dark chocolate or fuscous pubescence on inner surface, and a black brush at tip. Abdomen black, the exposed parts with obscure sparse black pubescence ; the whole of the first segment, and broad apical margins of segments 2 to 4, covered with very pale ochraceous hairs. Fifth segment with black pubescence, and a patch of pale ochraceous hairs on each side. Ends of ventral segments with pale hairs. Habitat.—Cafiada Alamosa, New Mexico, June 18 [C. H. T, Town- send]. The light abdominal hair-bands are very conspicuous and nearly uniform in width. This species seems to be quite closely allied to ?. mexicanus (Sichel MS., Dours), but that is larger (17 mm.) and has the pubescence fulvous. Unfortunately, Dours’s short description of mexicanus contains no reference to the hind tarsi, 5th abdominal segment, etc. ‘The locality of mexicanus is vaguely given as Mexico, but the types came from de Saussure, and were probably collected by him on the tableland. Podalirus vallorum, n. sp.—f. Length, 12 mm.; anterior wing, 8 mm.; fairly stout, black, head and thorax with dense pale fulvous 196 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. pubescence, becoming white on cheeks beneath and lower part of pleura; a very few black hairs on dorsum of thorax. Head broad; vertex shiny, somewhat roughened, sparsely punctured; clypeus rather sparsely punctured. Clypeus (except the narrow anterior margin and a sutural mark on each side above), a supraclypeal band, lateral face-marks, labrum (except the usual pair of spots), a large patch on mandibles, and the scape in front, all lemon-yellow. First joint of flagellum longer than second, and a little longer than third, but not so long as 2 + 3. Antenne reaching a little beyond tegule. Tegule reddish-testacecus. Wings perfectly hyaline, nervures piceous. Second submarginal cell narrowed fully one-half above. Legs black, claws ferruginous at base. First four femora with long white hairs behind, hind femora with shorter black hairs. All the tibize with appressed pale mouse-gray pubescence on outer side, the four hindmost with black hairs on inner surface. Hind tibize somewhat dilated, and bearing a sharp tooth near the end, close to the origin of the spurs. Pubescence of basal joint of tarsi as described for tibiz ; basal joint of hind tarsi dilated, flattenec, with a short tooth at the side. Intermediate tarsi simple and ordinary. Basal segment of abdo- men with long pale ochraceous hairs ; the remaining segments with thin, appressed, grayish-white pile on their hindmost halves, not forming bands. Hind margins of segments narrowly hyaline. Extreme apex with black hairs. The eyes in life are of a beautiful dark green. 2. Similiar, but the pubescence more cinereous, and on occiput and the whole dorsum of thorax strongly mixed with black. Face and antenne wholly black, mandibles with a pale line. First joint of flagellum about or almost as long as 2+3+4. Middle of 5th abdominal segment with black hairs, sides with white hairs. Basal joint of hind tarsi with a conspicuous black brush. Wings perfectly clear as in the f. Habitat.—Common at Mesilla and Las Cruces, New Mexico. I first took this species on Solanum eleagnifolium, at Las Cruces, July 13, 1893 {Ckll., 313]. The specimen, a ?,was identified by Mr. Fox as urbana of Cresson. Later, I found both sexes at Las Cruces, visiting the flowers of 7bomea. At Mesilla, in the fourth week of June, the species was observed in great numbers, nesting in adobe walls. Up to the present day (June 23) I had no doubt that the insect was really urbana, but on more particularly examining a ¢, it was at once evident that it was a distinct species, and further study indicated that it was new. As in the fly-genus Do/ichopus, this section of Podalirius presents us with a . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 197 series of females only with great difficulty to be distinguished, but accompanied by males presenting remarkable differences in the armature and clothing of the legs. The females of P. /esguerelle, CkIl., ined., are very like those of P. vallorum, but are somewhat larger, have rather shorter antenna, and fly earlier in the year—in April. But the males of lesquerel/e present a remarkable broad brush of black hairs on the last joint of the middle tarsi, while the basal joint of the hind tarsus is ordinary and unarmed. The ? of desgueredie I have recognized in two specimens taken by Miss Jessie Casad: one at Lyctum on the College Farm, Mesilla Valley, April 16; the other on cherry, at Mesilla, April 14. In size and general appearance it is like the ¢. A NEW GRAIN BEETLE. BY F. H. CHITTENDEN, WASHINGTON, D. C, The recent discovery that the grain-feeding tenebrionid, Fulorus melinus or depressus of American collections and literature, was in reality composed of two distinct species, as announced by the writer in the May number of Extomological News (Vol. VII., p. 138), finds a parallel in the recognition of S7/vanus mercator, Fauvel, in local collections with 5S. surinamensis, Linn. The former was not described until 1889 (see Revue a’ Entomologie, Vol. VIL, p. 132), and has hitherto been unrecognized in America, although M. Fauvel surmised that the species was cosmopolitan, from its relationship to sur‘namensis, et a/., and its occurrence in France, New Caledonia, and Africa. From examination of between two and three hundred specimens brought together mostly by myself, in connection with the investigation of insects affecting stored products, for the Division of Entomology of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, I am able to verify this opinion regard- ing its distribution. This material includes an example from Kaiffa, Syria, identified by one of our first European authorities, Mr. Edm. Reitter. At the Columbian Exposition I collected examples in exhibits of cereal and other seeds from Venezuela, Liberia, and Italy ; from the Atlanta Exposition were also obtained specimens from Venezuela ; and quite recently the species was received at the Department of Agriculture, in a lot of ground flaxseed, from Mr. H. G. Wolfgang, of Calla, Ohio. There are in the National Museum specimens from Los Angeles, Cal., 198 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. and Astoria, Ills., and I have now living material from an unknown source, but taken at Washington, D. C. To this list of localities may be added Lower California and Arizona, from the collection of Mr. Henry Ulke, of this city. The close relationship of mercator to surinamensis makes reasonably certain their virtual identity as regards development, nor is it probable that they differ in any degree in food habits. The principal points of structural difference between these two species may be best expressed in tabular form, thus :— Tempora long, equal to about 24 the diameter of the eye: ¢ with side margins of front strongly reflexed, and with trochanters large, termi- nating in a spine. a te A aoe ae ee . SUFINAMENSLS. Tempora very sniall, tubereni(aead eqiial to about 1-5 ite diameter of the eye; ¢ with side margins of front less prominent, trochanters unarmed . Re eee Soa besos ; bh 8 = LEO A tarde species, \S. hape nts, ae Nok Stonaly restuttaiine surinamen- sis, and differing chiefly in having the side margins of the front developed into two conspicuous horns, has similar habits, and as it is apparently better known in Europe than mercator, may occur with us, though as yet I have been unable to discover it. NOTE ON MAMESTRA COMIS. BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, A. M. This species is described by me in Bull. Buff. Soc., N.S., III, 85, not in the Geological Survey, as quoted in the Washington Catalogue. A comparison of the description proves that the insect before me could not have been JM. o/ivacea. Its terms, both as to colour and markings, completely cover the description of JZ. circumcincta. There can, of. course, be no reasonable doubt that the existing so-called “ type” of comis is a specimen of o/ivacea, in which case the type label has been certainly transferred to another specimen after the type of comis was returned to Mr. Hy. Edwards. I do not remember that my type of comis was peculiarly set. The species was so much more vividly coloured that it did not even suggest to me o/ivacea, a species of which I possessed a long series. Mr. Cary F. Baker peenae most ee he summer collecting in choice localities, up to 12,000 feet altitude, in the mountains of Northern Colorado. After October 1st, his address will be Auburn, Alabama, where he goes to fill the position of Entomologist in the A. and M. College. Ss ——<— =, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 199 ERE COLEOPTERA OBRGGAN A D-A. BY H. F. WICKHAM, IOWA CITY, IOWA. XVIII. THE CHRYSOMELIDZ OF ONTARIO AND (QUEBEC—/( Continued ). Trige VIII.—CHRYSOMELINI. Most of the members of this tribe are of at least moderate size, and are often quite ornately coloured. In form they are usually robust and convex, while lacking the rotundity of the Cryptocephalini. The genera of Eastern Canada may be arranged thus, the characters used being in the main drawn from the Leconte and Horn “ Classification ” :— A. Anterior coxal cavities closed, metasternum long ; reddish-yellow above, with black stripes. .........5.022...0:...fntomoscelts. AA. Anterior coxal cavities open. b. Claws simple, not toothed. c. Tarsi with third joint entire or scarcely emarginate. Prothorax not margined at base ; species rather elongate, SHeMLLY CONVEX, SEMPE . ... 20). s agta ee o- «re > el PISUCUUES: Prothorax margined at base; species larger, more robust and convex. Last joint of palpi truncate..............Doryphora. East joint of palpi dilated ... -<'s5.% <.).. .° Chrysomela. cc. Tarsi with third joint emarginate or bilobed. Elytra spotted or ae and anes Prothorax with a thickened margin....:.... : sdeeae . Lina. Elytra unicolorous, not sone nor Seiped eccent that the metallic gloss is sometimes intensified over longitudinal lines. Elytra with regular punctured strie... .... Plagiodera. Elytral punctuation dense and confused... . Gastroidea. bb. Claws toothed or bifid. Tibi dilated and toothed near the tip. Species of oblong, rather convex form ; yellow with black spots. .. Gonzoctena. Tibiz slender, neither dilated nor toothed.... . . Phryllodecta. ENTOMOSCELIS, Chev. E£. adonidis, Fabr., is about .33 in. long, less robust than most of the Chrysomelini; the upper surface of the body dark reddish-yellow ; the mouth-parts, sides of head, broad median stripe (and usually small lateral spot) on thorax, suture, and broad lateral stripe on elytra, black, 200 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Antenne, legs, and most of the under surface, excepting the sides of the prothorax, black. It is found both in America and Europe, and has here gained an additional importance through its destructiveness to turnips, radishes, and cabbages in the Western Provinces. Prasocuris, Latr. Elongate species of less convex form than usual, upper surface striped with yellow and brassy-green or bronze-black. The three species { are thus separated by Mr. Crotch :— Each elytron with two yellow vittee not confluent at base. .24 | DNs ig ate yal o os ie pore cs Sulake | Inve pied we ie ph ab gh caw a Ue ee a Yellow vittz of elytra confluent at base. ees black: «16.2 2aIn a. 5 Mea sa iplactiage. ele» dae a «OUD RY IOGear eine | Tibiz pale (= varipes, Lec.). .14-18in......... ..véttata, Oliv. . DorypuHora, Ill. colours. D. decemlineata, Say, the “Colorado potato-beetle,” is almost too well-known to need a description —its yellowish colour, with black- spotted thorax and the five black stripes (the second and third of which are united at tip) on each elytron, rendering it easily recognizable. D. clivicollis, Kirby, is found on milkweed, and reaches a size of from .32 to .48 in. It is of a dark blue, the elytra orange-yellow, usually with three biack spots on each, arranged thus: One on the humerus, one near the apex, and one on the suture, confluent with its fellow on the opposite elytron. The spots may all become confluent laterally, thus forming two broad blue bands, or, as in the variety Rogerszz, Lec. (which ts described as having the sides of the thorax nearly parallel behind), may become very much reduced in size and break up into numerous smaller ones. Contains two large species of robust and convex form and bright 4 d ; CHRYSOMELA, Linn, The species of this genus are more numerous and usually smaller than those of Doryphora, to which they bear a general resemblance. They are usually taken by sweeping. I find C. exclamationis on Helianthus, while C. elegans is occasionally abundant on willows. The following table will enable the Canadian species to be separated without much trouble :— A. Elytra with tolerably regular stripes, never with numerous spots. b. Front and side margins of prothorax pale, sometimes the base also, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 201 ene eR een meret feuier sy Weer ee c. Each elytron with more than one vitta besides the sutural one. First vitta free from the suture for its entire length, the fourth interrupted. .28-.30 in............ exclamationis, Fabr. First vitta uniting with the sutural, second and third con- fluent towards the apex, fourth much reduced. .22-.28 TEs: : Yo, 8 5m 5) COMIUMEL A, ROP: cc. Each eee wah Brad sutnel Sad one lateral vitta, thorax with black or dark brown discal mark of variable size, rarely reaching the base. .20-.25 im............... elegans, Oliv. bb. Thorax unicolorous, brownish, more or less bronzed, Elytra with from one to three stripes besides the sutural. d. Last joint of palpi very large. .24-.32 in......./unata, Fabr. dd. Last joint of palpi moderate. Claws approximate, form more oval. .21-.26 MMM ARA ee Pee nc kt ais: So ogees Se . suturalis, Fabr. Claws not Pancosmnate, fort more ablong: .24—.30 In.. Peer i Jk;:. > eee .......Similis, Rog. AA. Elytra with irregular ents: forming more or ates: ee ae pat- terns; sometimes coalescent, but not forming regular stripes except close to the suture. e. Thorax green. f. Elytra with spots well separated. as green, first vitta coalescent with .28—.40 in. (Fig. 21.)..scalaris, Lec. en not green, first vitta free. .24-.35 Mites iret) dave tin ts philadelphica, Linn. ff. Elytral spots coalescent, forming a reticu- late pattern. .30 in.../abyrinthica, Stal. ee. Thorax either entirely pale or with front margin so; elytral spots 29) numerous. .26-.35 in. : .......multipunctata, Say. The variety of 2 eae ‘Binwene by Kirby is distin- guished by the large, dark basal thoracic spot. C. spiree, Say, is cata- logued as a variety of phi/ade/phica, and seems to form a link between that species and sca/aris, since the sutural line is common and is joined to a shorter lateral one on each side near the base. An interesting paper on the group AA, by Mr. G. W. J. Angell, may be found in the first volume of ‘“‘ Entomologica Americana.” His investigations go to show the - extreme difficulty of sharply separating the species, though the majority of specimens will give no trouble in their identification, 202 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, Lina, Meg. Two species are known from within our limits, both of them oblong insects of moderate size, less convex than Chrysomela. The under side of the body, the head above and a broad dorsal thoracic stripe with small iateral dot are usually black or greenish-black; the elytra, in cabinet specimens yellowish or sometimes slightly reddish with black spots. These spots, in Z. Zapponica, Linn., are rounded, or when confluent form transverse bands, while in Z. scrzpta, Fabr., they are more elongate, even linear on the disc, and tend to form longitudinal vitte. A form of Z. lapponica in which the ground colour of the elytra is red is often found in spring on willows, sometimes mixed with the ordinary yellowish form; sometimes nearly the whole generation may be red, as is the case at Iowa City this year. JZ. scrifta occurs chiefly on poplars and cottonwoods ; a variety called confluens, by Rogers, has the elytra entirely dark except the outer margins ; and a form with green elytra is mentioned by Mr. Crotch ;—they may be distinguished, however, from the varieties of lapponica by having the claw-joint dentate. My specimens of /apponica range from .25 to .32 in., while scrip¢a averages a little longer. PLAGIODERA, Redt. Oval insects of small size and green or blue colour, the upper surface convex, shining; elytra punctato-striate. I usually find them under boards in spring. Mr. Crotch thus separates the two from Canada :— Elytral interstices finely punctulate, callus visible. .13-.17 DMG ere bint at 6 4's sheapa nd ope MAMMA Deeiads< She ee eee Elytral interstices subrugulose, no callus. .14-.16 in...vzrides, Melsh. The name coch/eari@ is replaced, in the third supplement of Hen- | shaw’s Check List, by armoracia, Linn. : GASTROIDEA, Hope. Contains small species of oblong form, easily recognized by their resemblance to the common G. fo/ygoni, Linn., so abundant on knot- grass. Following the arrangement of Mr. Crotch, they may be thus distinguished :— Thorax and legs reddish; elytra green or blue......fodygonz, Linn. Elytra golden, suture purple; thorax golden, usually purplish on @dees Net Tea Ti UG Sa OU ee Blue or green, head flat, punctuation fine............cyanea, Mels. The name viriduda replaces formosa, Say. All of the above are sinall insects, ranging from ,16 to .20 inch in length, a iS) THE CANADIAN EN'TOMOLOGISI. 20 GONIOCYrENA, Redt. G. pallida, Linn., is found on willows and poplars. It is .25 in. long, yellowish-testaceous, the top of the head and a thoracic spot of variable size (usually attaining the base) blackish. Under surface of body dark, especially towards the middle, tip of abdomen and sides of thoracic segments paler. Legs pale, elytra yellowish or reddish, occasion- ally nearly piceous, sometimes spotted with black, sometimes immaculate or with only a trace of the spots. PHYLLODECTA, Kirby. The Canadian species of /yl/odecta seems to be the same as the European P. vulgatissima, Linn. It is of oblong-ovate form, not very convex ; bluish, greenish or bronzed ; thorax distinctly, not very closely, punctured ; elytra punctato-striate. Legs black ; antennz black, except the basal joints, which are more or less piceous or ferruginous. Length about .18 in. There are also existent records of P. vite/ling, Linn., but no specimens have been seen by us, and Dr. Hamilton, to whom we wrote for further information, has expressed the opinion in a letter that all of the Eastern forms belong to the one species. Linneus has described wte//ine as being a shorter, less oblong form than vadgatissima. The descriptions of some of the older English writers probably confound more than one species, according to the word of Dr. Hamilton, who doubts the occurrence of the true v2fe//7ne in North America. NOTES ON APHILANTHOPS AND DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES. : BY S. N. DUNNING, HARTFORD, CONN. Aphilanthops Bakeri, un. sp. g. Length, 8.5-10 mm.; of anterior wings, about 6-7 mm. Black with bright yellow markings. Head nearly quadrate, a little wider than high, closely and finely punctate. Eyes entire, elongate oval, inner margins parallel, inclined to light olive green. Ocelli in a triangle, the first a little larger than the last two, and located at the base of a slight cavity. A small cavity back and on the outer side of each of hind ocelli. Head covered with a sparse growth of long whitish pubescence, becom- ing thicker on face and back of eyes. Clypeus yellow and rounded, with two distinct lobes, each just inside of an imaginary line drawn straight down from base of antennz, also a small but less distinct lobe between 204 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. these two, very slightly blackened between, and including lobes. Mandibles yellow outwardly, rufous tipped. A narrow curved yellow Jine just behind eyes. Sides of face yellow, same extending above base of antenne on both sides and between. Overlapping base of mandibles is a small fringe of whitish hair. Scape of antenne yellow-ringed at tip and below, above black, but yellow predominating. First joint flagellum, short, black, rounded, about one-third as long as second, which, with four following joints, is distinctly rufous below, and either rufous above or inclined to black ; rest of antenne black, except the rufous tip. Thorax black and covered with a sparse growth of whitish hair. Collar, some- times spot below, tegulze, tubercles and curved spot just back of tubercles, and a V-shaped mark below and a little back of this, transverse band on scutellum and post-scutellum, and spot on posterior lateral angles of metathorax, yellow. Mesothorax finely punctate, but not as closely so as head. When viewed from the side appears slightly ridged. Scutellum and post-scutellum rather more sparsely punctate. Metathorax with a slight rounded cavity. Abdomen black and banded with yellow ; 1-6 segments each with a band, interrupted and slightly sinuose on first, either interrupted or narrowed on second and sixth, 3-5 narrowed in centre ; terminal segment black, inclined to rufous at extreme tip ; with a short growth of whitish hair, finely and closely punctate. First ventral either with or without a yellow spot and three or four yellow bands (growing smaller towards tip) on succeeding segments, the last band interrupted. Hind margin of first three or four segments above inclined to rufous. Legs yellow and black. Fore coxe yellow tipped and yellow anteriorly, black posteriorly. Trochanters yellow tipped and yellow inwardly, outwardly black, Femora, first four-fifths outwardly black, rest yellow. ‘Tibiz yellow, with small dark spot inwardly and feebly spinose, slightly inclined to rufous at tip, as are all joints of tarsi except first, which is yellow. Middle and hind legs marked about the same, though either yellow or black may predominate on coxe and trochanters. Wings inclined to dusky, nervures and stigma inclined to ferruginous. Marginal cell a little longer than first submarginal, appendiculate at apex. First submarginal about as long as the second and third com- bined on the cubital nervure, the second receiving recurrent nervure near centre, third receiving the nervure at end of first, fourth from second. Stigma with a light-coloured spot before. Described from two male specimens belonging to Mr. Carl F. Baker THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 205 (after whom I have taken the liberty of naming this very pretty species), both from Colorado. [Baker, No. 1631 and 1636]. A. taurulus, Ckll. A specimen which I have before me |CkIl, No. 4935, Las Cruces, N.M., ¢ | differs from Mr. Cockerell’s description as given in Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., XXII., p. 293, viz.: Bands on third and fourth segments distinctly separated instead of merely narrowed ventrals hold one band instead of three, and where the others should be are two very small yel- low spots apiece. Middle tibie are lemon-yellow without and rufous lack within, instead of ‘‘ yellow without and lemon within.” Hind tibize have first two-fifths all yellow and last three-fifths all black, and not ‘yellow without and black within, but wholly yellow at their proximal and wholly black at their distal ends.” The sixth segment contains a small yellow dot. A. g-notatus, Ashm. Ihave two ¢ ¢ before me. One from Colorado [ Baker, No. 1631] and one from Montana, through the kindness of the Am. Ent. Soc. The yellow is a little brighter and more extended in the Colorado than in the Montana specimen, which has the third abdominal band separated, while in the Colorado specimen it is hardly narrowed. Mr. Ashmead’s descrip- tion says: ‘‘Mandibles yeliow, tips black”; both of above have the yel- low confined to base of mandibles, then rufous, and tips black. A. Utahensis, Baker. Through the kindness of Mr. Baker, I have had the type of this pretty little species for examination. A. laticinctus, Cr. Two males from Colorado were examined [Baker, Nos. 1631 and 1591 |. A. frigidus, Sm. Five 9 @. Three from Hartford, Conn.; July 30th, two, and August 6th, one (1893). One from Chicago, Ill., July 31, ’9z, and one from Asbury Park, N. J., July 14, ’93. Mr. Baker reports this from Colorado. One specimen shows no yellow on thorax, except band on collar. This was taken at Hartford, August 6th, 1893. The above notes would tend to show that the abdominal bands are unreliable and vary greatly. Our species may be separated as follows: 206 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. A. Clypeus pic: tridentate, ground colour rufous through- out. Me SFED LAS . Roe Fe . Utahensis, Baker. B. Cippenes not afrodaly Eidenaee ground ioloae of at least head and thorax black. 1. Last dorsal Leas Hoel convex, Teds caites aa bine! a. Bands of abdomen broad, continuous; clypeus yellow, size small. webb as 8 Ee ee be ehe RMMEe Gace. otatt eS Nir Oe ee eae an b. Bands, advenliy pict three, narrow or faerie size larger. 1. Clypeus face and antenne black, except for two small yellow spots on face near base of mandibles....... taurulus, Cll. 2. Face with three broad yellow stripes, middle one shortest. ons 0) ane oe s/s mee . frigidus, Sm. 3. Face all vellowe thy RSE as .. Bakeri, Dun. 2. Last abdominal sdemene peetaneuilas ind ‘strongly concave, clypeus margined with yellow ...... ......... g-notatus, Ashm. This table is Mr. Baker’s, and is merely adapted to contain the new species. It was first published in CanapiaN Enromo.ocist, XXVIL., p- 335-6. EXPERIMENTAL FARMS OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA. The annual report of the Director and his assistants for the year 1895 is a goodly volume of over 400 pages, octavo, and is full of valuable and interesting matter. The portion contributed by Dr. Fletcher, the Entomologist and Botanist, contains notices of a large number of injuri- ous insects that have attracted attention during the season in various parts of the Dominion, most of them being familiar pests. Among the less well-known insects referred to may be mentioned the ‘ joint-worm,” Isosoma. hordet, Harris; the “ cottony grass-scale,” Hriopeltis festuce, Fonsc. ; the “ cigar case- bearer, ” Coleophora Fletcher ella, Fernald; the “peach bark- borer, iy aphis,” Aphis persice-niger, Smith; the “New York plum-scale,” Lecanium cerasifex, Fitch ; and the “carrot-fly,” Psz/a rose, Fab. The most injurious insects of the year appear to have been the grasshoppers of various species, which were excessively abundant in Ontario and the Eastern Provinces. Dr. Fletcher includes in his report the experiments in bee-keeping carried on under his supervision at the Ottawa Farm, and closes with an account of some of the specially noxious weeds that are proving very troublesome in Manitoba and the Northwest. On the whole, we look upon this report’as one of the most useful and interesting that our Dominion Entomologist has yet published, Phieotribus liminaris, Harris ; the “ black peach- THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 207 INDEX TO:THE MANTIDA GF NORTH: AMERICA, NORTH OF MEXICO. BY SAMUEL H. SCUDDER, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. In 1889, Westwood, in the Synopsis of the then known Mantide, prefixed to his Revisio insectorum familie Mantidorum, credits to North America, north of Mexico, nine species belonging to five genera,— Gonatista, Oligonyx, Thesprotia, Mantis, and Stagmomantis. Several species were overlooked by him, and in reality up to the present time twenty-three nominal species have been at different times credited to this region and referred to ten genera,—Ameles, Empusa, Phasmomantis, Stagmatoptera, and Theoclytes, besides the foregoing. Several of the species, however, have been erroneously credited to this country, such as Empusa gongylodes and Mantis gemmata, both of which are East Indian. Several of the names, moreover, are synonyms of others, so that the number of species these references represent is speedily reduced more than one-half. All of these but JZantis Wheelert Thom., Phasmo- mantis sumichrasti Sauss., and Oligonyx Uhleri Stal, I have seen, and to them can add several more not before recognized in the region in question, six of them being apparently hitherto undescribed, together with one genus. ‘The total number of species is fifteen or sixteen, and of genera, eleven, only three of the genera—Litaneutria, Stagmomantis, and Oligonyx—having more than one species ; undoubtedly more ferms will be found in the West and South. The group is thus seen to be almost as poorly represented in tem- perate North America as the Phasmidz [See Can. EnT., XXVII., 29]. No species is known to occur in Canada, though a single species or two may possibly be looked for in Southern Ontario and in Assiniboia. The genera, with one exception, belong to the subfamily Mantine, and may be separated by the following table, largely adopted from those already given for these insects, by Stal, Bruner, and de Saussure. I add at the end a revision of the nomenclature of the described species, and a determination of the species figured by Glover. TABLE OF THE GENERA. A‘. Upper surface of middle and hind femora and tibie rounded ; head unarmed (MANTIN#). bt. Inner margin of upper surface of fore coxz not conspicuously dilated apically. 08 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. c'. Pronotum but slightly longer than fore cox ; eyes more or less conical ; hind femora armed exteriorly with an apical spine. d'. Eyes distinctly pointed (conico-acuminate) above ; hind femora delicately incrassate basally, in the 9 nearly twice as long as the pronotum; tegmina and wings abbreviate or wanting in both sexes; cerci long, distinctly surpassing the infragenital plate ............. Yersinia. d°. Eyes trigonal, scarcely pointed above ; hind femora linear, in the @ but little longer than the pronotum ; tegmina and wings fully developed in the ¢, abbreviate in the 2 ; cerci short, not or scarcely surpassing the infragenital Plate ins. s Lie cia Ee ey bce Riena vy sole spn om eee c’. Pronotum much longer than fore coxe ; eyes rotundate ; hind femora with no apical spine. d'. Antenne filiform. e'. Broadest portion of pronotum far in advance of the middle, the sides in front distinctly tapering ; outer margin of fore femora armed with main spines only. f'. Body of ¢ very elongate ; anal membrane of tegmina violet..............Phasmomantis. f'. Body of ¢ moderately elongate; anal mem- brane of tegmina light coloured. g'. Anal and axillary veins of tegmina independent and simple through- OU.) 5. a) Lae ees g. Anal and axillary veins of tegmina apically confluent..... Stagmomantis, e*. Broadest portion of pronotum hardly in advance of the middle, the sides in front paralle! or subparallel; outer margin of fore femora armed with numerous distinct spinules between the main spines.. Gonatista. d*. Antenne incrassate beyond the base and thereafter taper- TAGs dhe aed a ole o's lovelnsabvnier here Jbl « aiaraiek ee aan b?. Inner margin of upper surface of fore coxz abruptly and con- siderably dilated at apex. c’, Fore tibiz longer than their apical claw. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 209 d'. Fore and hind sections of pronotum subequal in SUMP EY te tds, © ei § Lepbmemiae la. Gies> so Snide SA OBLON YK d*. Hind section of pronotum twice as long as fore PGR 25) 255. ¢ Sera hs 0553. 2 ORO MANTIS. c*. Fore tibiz no longer than their apical claw...... Thesprotia. A’. Upper surface of middle and hind femora and tibiz carinate ; middle of head with an erect process as long as the head (VaTIN#) ios a swt L COLES « SUBFAMILY MANTIN&. YERSINIA Saussure. I know of but a single and undescribed species in the United States, of which I have specimens obtained by Morrison, in Colorado, on the plains at the base of the Rocky Mountains, and by myself at Garland, Costilla Co., Colorado, at a height of about 8,000 feet. Probably it is this species which Bruner found in Western Nebraska and referred (Publ. Nebr. Acad. Sci., 1893, 22) doubtfully to Y. mexicana. ‘The species, which may be called Y. so/itaria, is slenderer and slightly smaller than Y. mexicana, and is apterous in both sexes. LITANEUTRIA Saussure. The only species of this genus heretofore known as such was described from Sonora, but we have more than one species in the West. One is Z. minor (Stagmatoptera minor Scudd.), figured by Glover (IIl. N. A. Ent., Orth., pl. 13, fig. 12), and of which I have seen specimens from Texas, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, and Nebraska. It was originally described from the 2 only. A very small 2, apparently of this species, from Bridger Basin, Wyoming, is in the Museum of Comp. Zoology. Bruner has also sent me specimens from Arizona, California, and Kansas, and it is probably the ‘‘ Ameles sp.” mentioned by him (N. A. Fauna, VII., 266) as found in New Mexico, Arizona, California, Southern Idaho, and Middle Nevada. The undescribed ‘“ Ameles borealis ” of Bruner (Publ. Nebr. Acad. Sci., 1893, 22), from Northern and North-western Nebraska, of which he has kindly shown me a pair of Q’s, is perhaps distinct from it, with smoother pronotum. Another species, closely allied to this, differing indeed only, so far as I have seen, in the far greater depth of the fuliginous mottling of the wing of the male (both have the same large sub-basal fuligino-fuscous spot, seen also in Z. ocularis Sauss.),is apparently undescribed, and occurs in Arizona, South- 210 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ern California.and Lower California ; it may be called Z. obscura. I have also females from Utah and New Mexico which may belong to either of the above. Still another species occurs in Northern California, in the Shasta region, in which the wings are feebly and uniformly fuligi- nous, having no sub-basal fuligino-fuscous spot ; it may be called Z. pacifica. In all of them the front border of the tegmina is griseo- pellucid, and thus different from the Sonoran Z. ocudaris; this last species comes nearest Z. minor. The males in this genus are fully winged, the females brachypterous and of a very different appearance. PHASMOMANTIS Saussure. P. sumichrasti Sauss., a Mexican species, is reported by Saussure and Zehntner (Biol. Centr. Amer., Orth., 149) as found in Texas. I have seen no specimen of the genus from the United States. CALLIMANTIS Stal. I place in this genus a single species which differs considerably from the type, C. antillarum (Sauss.), in general livery and in lacking any apical spine to the hind femora. It is an undescribed species from Florida, a trifle smaller than C. anti/larum and closely resembling a miniature Stagmomantis carolina. It may be called C. foridana. I have only seen the male, which was probably green in life, but is now uniformly testaceous, the tegmina hyaline, without stigma, the costal margin like the rest, and the first ulnar branch completely simple ; the wings are hyaline, but are rather sparsely tessellate with fuscous in their posterior third, and the ulnar vein is simple ; the proportions and general shape of the pronotum are those of Stagm. carolina, and, as there, it is unarmed ; the anterior upper margin of the fore coxe is armed with slight, distant spines, and the hind femora and tibie are tipped ace with fuscous. The expanse of the tegmina is 45 mm. _ STAGMOMANTIS Saussure. Of this genus I can recognize but two species, Z: caro/ina (Linn.) and .S. Zimbata (Hahn), readily distinguished by the great and uniform width of the costal field of the tegmina in the 2 of the latter, where it is nearly one-third the entire width of the tegmina, and the green colour and opacity of the same field in the f. The former species is strongly dimorphic in the 9, one form (carolina) having the tegmina strongly mottled with fuscous and the wings strongly fuliginous throughout, with a deep patch at the apex; the other (d/mdiata), which is generally: THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. at classed as a distinct species, is entirely green, but with the posterior half of the wings sometimes strongly infuscated in the cells. As occurring in the United States, I do not see how the two forms can be specifically separated, as there are no similar distinctions in the very variable male, which is never green, but in which the tegmina may be wholly hyaline except along the costal margin, or they may be flecked with fuscous, or wholly suffused with fuliginous, while the wings vary from wholly hyaline to wholly fuliginous, with a tendency to a greater amount of fuliginous posteriorly. In some specimens from Las Cruces, N. Mex., the base of the wings is feebly violet. The species appears to be even more variable in Mexico, and the South American forms referred to dimidiata seem also to belong here. In the United States it is found (both forms indiscriminately) along the entire southern tier of States and territories from Florida to Arizona (Ft. Buchanan, south of Tucson, and Ft. Whipple, near Prescott), but I have neither seen nor heard of specimens from the Pacific Coast proper. From here it ranges north to Maryland, southern Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, and Utah, to judge from specimens seen by me. It is also reported from New Jersey [Smith], Pennsylvania [Westwood], Kentucky [Garman], and Nebraska [Bruner]. Saussure credits it to Cuba and Bolivar, accordingly, places it in the Cuban list, but says it does not exist in the Gundlach collection. On the other hand, I have received it from Gundlach under the number 3. It is also found at Key West. It is in the highest degree probable that Thomas’s JZantis Wheelert belongs to this species and probably to the form named fodteca by Saussure, which Saussure and Zehntner have separated as a distinct species. It seems to me rather a geographical race. S. limbata (viridimargo and celludaris Burm.; longipennis Sauss.) has never been reported from the United States, but is found on our extreme Southern borders, as I have seen specimens taken at Matamoras, Mex., just over the border, on the Rio Grande ; from the old Ringgold Barracks, on the lower Rio Grande [Schott]; an unspecified point in Texas, Schaupp [Henshaw]; Arizona, Morrison [Henshaw]; and Las Cruces, N. Mex. [Cockerell]. Gonatista Saussure. We have a single species of this genus in the United States, G. grisea (Fabr.), which has many synonyms. It occurs in Cuba and San Domingo, and rarely in the Eastern United States, where it is probably an interloper. I have specimens from Key West and Fernandina, Fla., and from Georgia, and recently Mr. Blatchley sent me a specimen taken in Indiana. It was figured by Glover (pl. 16, figs. 13-15) as from Florida, 212 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. BRUNNERIA Saussure. A single female specimen of this genus, remarkable for its peculiar antenne, is in my collection, collected by Aaron on the Gulf Coast of Texas. It is distinct from the species heretofore described, all four of which come from S. America, the genus being unknown in Mexico and Central America. It may be called B&B. doreal/is. It is completely apterous, very elongate and slender, greenish with a ferruginous tinge which is predominant on the thorax ; the antenne, pallid at base, are pale ferruginous in the swollen portion, growing luteous beyond ; the posterior part of the pronotum is three times as long as the anterior and is rather distinctly beaded with tubercules or blunt spinules along its lateral margins ; the supra-anal plate is sublanceolate, much longer than | its basal breadth, and the cerci slender, delicately tapering, about half as long as the fore femora. Length of body about 50 mm.; of antennez about 12 mm. This specimen is doubless immature, for a second, much larger, mature specimen from Texas, obtained by A. Agassiz, is in the Museum of Comp. Zoology. It has short and broad tegmina, reaching only the middle of the metanotum, and the body is 88 mm. long. OLIGONYX Saussure. Three species belonging to this genus, as latterly restricted, have been described from the United States : O. Scudder Sauss., from Georgia ; O. Uhleri Stal, from Louisiana; and O. do/ianus SaussZehntn., from Texas and Northern Mexico. The first has also been credited, by Stal, to Texas, and is figured under this name by Glover (Ill. N. A. Ent., Orth., pl. 16, fig. 11, 2), and as Mantis missourtensis Riley, by the same (Ibid., pl. 13, fig 11, ¢). Whether these nominal species are distinct from one another I have not now sufficient means of deciding. O. Scudder, though labelled as coming from Georgia, was originally thought by Saussure to really come from Central America, but he is now evidently of a differ- ent opinion, as it is not included in the Biologia Centrali-Americana. I have a specimen from Carolina which agrees with his description of O. Scudderi, and an immature specimen, apparently of this genus and about 6 mm. long, was found with others running about in a house in Water- ville, N. Y., and sent to Mr. J. A. Lintner with enquiries. It proved to have probably hatched from eggs accidentally sent in the “moss” (Usnea) used in packing a barrel of oranges from Florida. So the genus occurs in the South-eastern States. My Carolina specimen is a trifle Se OO EE Ee ee ee eee THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. oe stouter than numerous specimens from Texas (Boll, Belfrage, Lincecum), which altogether agree with O. do//ianus, as do specimens sent me from Lincoln, Nebr., by Bruner, as Mantis mtssouriensis. I am therefore inclined to believe these two supposed species to be identical, and proba- bly distinct from Stal’s darker O. Ufleri, which I have not seen. BacrromMantis (Saxtpov, Mantis), gen. nov. Closely allied to Oligonyx, and, indeed, equivalent to the second division of that genus by Stal (Bihang K. Svensk. Akad. Handl., 1v., No. 10, 67), to which he refers an unnamed species from Mexico. It com- prises those species hitherto placed in Oligonyx (Stal, emend.) as have a very elongate instead of abbreviate pronotum, in which the hinder section is fully twice as long as the fore section. ‘To it belongs only a single species from the United States, which may be called 2. virga (possibly the species given in Westwood’s Synopsis as Zhesprotia bacu- /ina Bates MS., from Eastern Florida may be the same). I have only seen the apterous female ; it is testaceous, the fore femora obscurely and narrowly banded with fuscous, the other legs greenish yellow ; the apex of the femora broadly, the base and apex of the tibiz narrowly, infus- cated. Length of body, 43 mm.; of pronotum, 15 mm. Sandford, Fla.; collected by Frazer. THESPROTIA Stal. We have a single species of this genus, Z: graminis, named by _ Bates and described by me many years ago as an Oligonyx. I described only the g¢; the ? is apterous. It occurs in Florida, from Key West northward, and in Georgia. SUBFAMILY VATIN&. THEOCLYTES Serville. I here follow Saussure rather than Stal in restricting Serville’s genus to his first subdivision, or what Serville at the outset terms Zheoc/ytes propric dicta. The only species known in the United States is 7: chlorophea (Blanch.), which occurs throughout Mexico, and is said to extend, says Saussure, to the United States as far as New York. It was originally described from Watertown, N. Y., but has since been recorded only from Central America, Mexico, and Louisiana. Saussure remarks that it probably does not extend northward beyond the Southern States. This seems altogether probable. The only specimen I possess comes from just over the Texan border at Matamoras, 214 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Revision of the Nomenclature. Ameles borealis Brun,, Publ. Nebr. Acad. Sc., 1893, 22 = Litaneura borealis. Ameles mexicana Brun., Ibid., 1893, 22 = Yersinia solitaria? «© sp., Brun., N. A. Fauna, vil., 266 (1893) = Litaneura minor. Empusa chlorophza Blanch., Hist. Nat. Ins., ui, 2 (1840) = Zheo- clytes chlorophea. Empusa gongylodes Westw., Drury’s Ins., 1., 122 (1837), East Indian. Gonatista grisea Sauss., Mant. Amer., 23 (1871) = Gownatista grisea. | Mantis carolina Linn., Syst. Nat., Ed. 12, i, 691 (1767) = Stagmo- mantis carolina. Mantis chlorophza Blanch., Mag. Zool., v., 135 (1835) = TZheoclytes chlorophea. Mantis conspurcata Serv., Orth., 190 (1839) = Stagmomantis carolina, 8 . Mantis ferox Sauss., Rev. Mag. Zool., 1859, 60 = Stagmomantis carolina. Mantis gemmata Stoll’, Spectres 71 (1787), East Indian. ‘* gongylodes Drury, Ill., 1., 129 (1770), East Indian, ‘* grisea Fabr., Ent. Syst., i1., 20 (1793) = Gonatista grisea. ‘* ynquinata Serv., Orth., 191 (1839) = Stagmomantis carolina. Mantis missouriensis Riley, Giov., Ill. N. A. Ent., Orth., pl. 13, fig. 11 (1872) = Oligonyx Scuddert. Mantis phryganoides Serv., Orth., 198 (1839) = Gonatista grisea. Mantis Wheeleri Thom., Rep. Geol. Surv. rooth mer., v., 849 (1875) = Stagmomantis carolina ? Oligonyx bollianus Sauss.-Zehntn., Biol. Centr. Amer., Orth., 173 pl. 9, fig. 17 (1894) = Oligonyx Scuddert. : Oligonyx graminis Bates, Scudd., Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xix., go (1877) = Thesprotia graminis. Oligonyx Scudderi~ Sauss., Mant. Amer., 121, pl. 2, fig. 24, 24a (1871) = Oligonyx Scudder. Oligonyx Uhleri Stal, Bih. K. Svensk. Akad. Handl., iv., No. 10, 66 (1877) = Oligonyx Uhlert. Phasmomantis carolina Brun., Bull. Washb. Coll., i., 125 (1885) = Stagmomantis carolina. Phasmomantis sumichrasti Sauss.-Zehntn., Biol. Centr. Amer., Orth., 149 (1894) = Phasmomantis sumichrasti. THK CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 215 Pseudovates chlorophea Westw., Rev. Mant., 24 (1889) chlorophea. Stagmatoptera minor Scudd., Rep. Geol. Surv. Nebr., 251 (1872) = Litaneura minor. Stagmomantis carolina Sauss., Mant. Amer., 46 (1871) = Stagmo- mantis carolina. Stagmomantis dimidiata Sauss., Ibid., 48 (1871) = Stagmomantis carolina. Stagmomantis minor Sauss., Ibid., 54 (1871) = Létaneura minor. Stagmomantis_ tolteca Sauss.-Zehntn., Biol. Centr. Amer., Orth., 143 (1894) = Stagmomantis carolina. Theoclytes chlorophea Serv., Orth., 153 (1839) = Zheoclytes chloro- phea. Thesprotia baculina Bates, Westw., Rev. Mant., 5 (1889) = Bactro- mantis virgo ? Explanation of the figures of Mantide on the plates of Glover’s Illustrations of N. A. Entomology, Orthoptera :— Pl. 2. Stagmomantis carolina (Linn.). Pl. 12, fig. 16. Noname or locality is given; it probably does not come from the United States. Pl. 13, fig. 11. Oligonyx Scudderi Sauss., 2. fig. 12. Litaneura minor (Scudd.), 9. Pl. 16, fig. 11. Oligonyx Scudderi Sauss., 2. fig. 13. Gonatista grisea (Fabr.), pupa. Theoclytes lI fig. 14. : rs Soi fig. 14a. af es ootheca. fig. 14b. i cs larva. fig. 15. - 3. A VARIETY OF HEPIALUS ARGENTEO-MACULATUS. BY E. F. HEATH, ‘‘ THE HERMITAGE,” CARTWRIGHT, MANITOBA. When Mr. Fletcher was looking over my cases of moths during the short visit he paid me last summer, he particularly noticed a series of Hepialus argenteo-maculatus, and suggested that a short description of a variety that I have taken here would be interesting. This variety differs so much from the normal type that it might almost be a distinct species, but that is a point I cannot pretend to determine. 216 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The ordinary specimens I have taken here measure from 3% to 3%4 inches across the expanded wing, but this variety only averages about 2 inches. The ground colour of the fore wings in the case of one female is almost white, with markings similar in pattern to those of the large variety, faintly outlined in greenish-brown; the wings are also rather more pointed than in the normal type. The hind wings are smoke- coloured,-as are also the thorax and abdomen. In another specimen, a male, the fore wings are white with a slight shade of salmon colour, without any markings whatever; the hind wings are a shade or two darker, and the thorax and abdomen correspond in colour to the wings adjacent to them. The habits of both varieties are very similar. I have taken both flying with their peculiar oscillating flight over low cherry scrub, or just on the verge of higher patches. It is a very curious sight to see several of these large moths performing their oscillations for several minutes over the same spot soon after sunset in the early summer—July ; the flight being very rapid. Here I believe the larva to feed upon both the wild black and red cherry, for I have once or twice shaken the pupa out of the roots of cherry scrub when digging some scrubby ground for a garden. I remem- ber being much struck by the locomotive powers of one that I laid aside for a few minutes, and which managed to wriggle a considerable distance, comparatively, in a short space of time. NOTE ON EUTOLYPE ELECTUS: BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, A.M., HILDESHEIM. Prof. Roland Thaxter has sent me a specimen of what may be Z. electilis, Morrison, and says: ‘‘ The Zutolyfe is, as I suppose, e/ectz/is, and_ is subject to very great variation as to the depth and disposition of the darker shades and the clearness of the maculation, some being more or less obliterate and others on the plan of Coelodasys biguttatus, var. cinereofrons.” This is the first specimen 7 have had, and I can only say it represents a species distinct from Ro/andi or depilis. Unfortunately, the abdomen is missing, and I cannot say if it is tufted. The black dash described by Morrison is incomplete. I saw the type in the Tepper collection, but had no opportunity of comparing it with the others. It reminded me, on a very cursory examination, of mwuradzs, but as all the species have the peculiar facies of the group, this comparison goes for THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ail nothing. In my Bremen List I suggest the identity of dombyctformis, Sm., with e/ecti/is, and this, considering what Prof. Thaxter says of the variability of e/ecti/is, may prove to be the case. The two descriptions do not contradict essentially. On page 59 of his paper, Prof. Smith says: “I do not know where Morrison’s type is to be found.’””’ On page 57 he says: ‘‘ There is a badly-rubbed specimen, I believe in the Tepper col- lection marked ‘ type’ by Mr. Morrison, in which the basal dash is broad and suffused ; but I did not otherwise compare it with the description.” I may ask why this specimen is not Morrison’s type, since all other types in coll. Tepper are pronounced without doubt to be “the type”? With such a variable species as e/ecti/is evidently is, I cannot do more than suggest that Morrison’s. type be looked up by Prof. Smith. This type must be still in the Tepper collection, from which Prof. Smith has again had types only recently in working the Wyfenine. To have this matter cleared up would be a great help, as “ e/ecti/is” is cumbering our lists without being positively applied to any species in the collections. JOHN B. LEMBERT. The tidings of the tragic death of ‘the Entomologist of the Yosemite,” as he was locally called, was a great shock to his many correspondents. On the roth of April last, a passing Indian found the body of Mr. Lembert lying dead in his cabin, with a large bullet-hole in his head, over the right temple. He had evidently been murdered, as the cabin was found locked on the outside with a padlock. The crime is supposed to have been the work of some Indian whom he had offended, as he had no money or other valuables. From the condition of the body it was considered that the murder had been committed about the first of April. : Mr. Lembert was a native of New York, but had lived for many years among the mountains of California. He owned a bit of Jand at the headquarters of the Tolumne River, at an altitude of 9,000 feet, and lived there like a hermit till his property was included in the Yosemite Park. As he wrote me last year, he then lost his home and was ‘ shut out of making a living from the stockmen. Mr. Dyar came along like an angel unawares, and, at the age of fifty-one, he commenced to collect insects, having been living in the sight of nature continuously for twenty years.” He occasionally acted as guide to parties visiting the moun- tains, and in this way made the acquaintance of Mr. Dyar, who in- 218 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. terested him in entomology, and taught him how to observe and collect. This was in 1891. He was, therefore, 56 years of age at the time of his death, though supposed to be a very much older man. He succeeded in collecting a number of rare species, and made many careful observations on the life habits of these and others, some of which have been published in this and other entomological magazines. The last time I heard from him was in February, when he sent me some specimens and a note on the preparatory stages of Arctia virginalis. His untimely death is a loss to entomology, as he was a keen observer and diligent collector in a little-known locality, and had only just begun a work which would have been of great value. He lived all alone among the mountains, and has left neither wife nor child to mourn his departure. CnjiS) et Coxiias C#sonra.—lIn our last issue the capture of this butterfly at Toronto was recorded.. Mr. James Walker, of Orillia, Ont., writes: ‘I saw numbers of Codéas Cesonia flying over a clover field to-day (July 13th). I captured four, two of which were perfect. I had only liberty to walk on the edge of the field, or I might have been more successful. Mr. Grant has also captured five or six.” Mr. E. F. Heath writes, from Cartwright, Manitoba: ‘On June rgth I captured a rather worn specimen of C. Cesonia. A few days subsequently I had a distant view of what I took to be another example. On July roth I chased, but did not succeed in capturing, a fresh-looking specimen, and on the r5th was fortunate enough to take a very good one. I have since seen one or two more. It is not very easy of capture when assisted by a prairie breeze. This is the first time I have noticed the butterfly during a residence in the country of sixteen years,” LipyTHEA BAcHMANI.—Mr. McDonough captured a specimen east _ of Toronto, in 1895, and one in his garden in the city on the 7th of June last. The only previous Canadian records are Port Stanley, London and Hamilton. — , THECLA SHERIDANI.—No less than fifteen specimens. of this ex- tremely rare butterfly were taken in the foothills west of Fort Collins, Colorado, at the end of April, by Professor Gillette, of the State Agri- cultural College, Fort Collins, and Mr. S. T. Mason, of Denver, Colorado. Mailed August Ist. pte Canati tray = ee VOL. XXVIII. LONDON, SEPTEMBER, piloted No. 9. A HOUSE-INFESTING SPRING - TAIL (Lepidocyrtus americanus, n. sp. ). BY C. L. MARLATT, WASHINGTON, D. C. fy a= ry. P d or Fic. 22—Lefpidocyrtus americanus, n. sp. a, lateral view of female; 4, foot; c, tip of spring; d, scale; ¢, labrum ; ; mandibles; g, maxilla: and labium (original). In the course of a comprehensive study of insects frequenting dwell- ings, attention was early drawn to a very handsome little Collembolan, which occurs commonly in moist situations in houses in Washington. It may often be found on window-sills, especially if there is unusual moisture from the presence of window plants, or in bathrooms, and, in fact, where- ever moist conditions prevail. ‘This species is a very handsome one, and seems, from reference to the authorities, to be undescribed. From the manner of its holding the head, bent downwards almost at right-angles to the thorax, it would seem to fall into the genus Lepidocyrtus, erected by Sir John Lubbock. In habit it has in Europe a close ally in Sezra domestica, Nicolet, which, as its name implies, is a frequenter of houses, and is separated generically from Lepidocyrtus by rather unimportant characters. Before referring to this insect in a popular article, it seems desirable to have a technical description put on record, and the following characterization of the species has therefore been prepared :— 220 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. =———$————————$———————— LR, Lepidocyrtus americanus, Nn. sp. Length, 1.5 mm.; with spring unfolded above 2 mm.; head bent strongly downward, as in Z. curvicollis, Lubbock ; antennz 4-jointed, more than one-half length of body ; basal joint not much more than one- half length of others, which are subequal ; abdomen with four segments, the third of which equals one-third length of body; legs tapering, with minute terminal tarsal joint ; armed at apex with large spur, notched at tip and below, which is a strong simple spur or spine ; spring more than half length of body, jointed at centre, the apical portion bifurcated ; densely clothed with long fine hairs; terminal rays very finely and regularly comb-notched on lower or posterior edge and somewhat curved downward at tip, with three or four short, rather distinct, teeth at extreme tip ; catch-a strong groove or sheath extending one-third length of venter of abdomen and grasping spring strongly up to middle joint ; body clothed with flat striate scales, and dorsally with scattering heavy, almost clubbed, hairs ; the anterior margin of pronotum is ornamented with very dense tuft or fringe of strong hairs ; hairs of antennz and legs for the most part fine and long. Colour silvery gray, marked with violet-purple, lighter on antennz and legs and very dark on body markings; eyes black ; antenne, except base of lower joints, femora and tibiz, with spot connecting antennz, light purple ; anterior and lateral margins of thorax, spots along side of body, hind margin of second, third and fourth abdom- inal segments, lateral spot on middle of third segment, dark purple, sometimes appearing almost black. * One-third and one-half grown specimens do not differ from adult notably, except in size and very slightly in coloration. The illustration which is presented herewith is sufficiently elucidated in the accompanying ~ explanation, In the figure the head is bent up more than in its normal position in state of rest. The mouthparts are very difficult to work out. The labrum is simple. The mght and left mandibles differ notably in the character of the teeth on their inner edges. The maxilie and labium are of similar structure, consisting of large basal lobes, apically covered with long and rather dense brushes of hairs. The food of the insect, from the appearance of the alimentary canal, consists of particles of dust, possibly taken by the insect in its feeding on the moist vegetable moulds of decay which may be assumed to be its normal food, in the absence of any other evident material on which it could subsist. bo bo e THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, STILL ANOTHER APHILANTHOPS. BY T, D. A. COCKERELL, MESILLA, NEW MEXICO, Aphilanthops concinnulus, n. sp.—Q. Length, 9 mm.. Rufous, with white markings, a rather obscure broad black band extending across vertex, including most of the ocelli, its lower margin concave, mandibles darkened towards tips, mid and hind tarsi darkened. The white or yellowish-white marks consist of a small spot on each lower corner of face, a small obscure suffused spot on mandibles near base, the prothorax above, the tegule except extreme base, the tubercles, a large patch behind tubercles having a linear oblique projection above, the anterior margin of scutellum, a spot on each side, the postscutellum, spots at the apices of anterior and hind femora, longitudinal bands on all the tibiz, a large patch on each side of the first. three abdominal segments, a band on the fourth, a broad quadrate spot medially on the fifth. Venter immaculate. Face with the usual silvery appressed pile. General structure, wings, etc., as in guadrinotatus, but the third submarginal cell is much less produced at its apex, and the third at its base, than in guadrinotatus, this character, however, being liable to variation. The anterior tarsi present numerous gray spatulate hairs. The apex of the abdomen is of the same type as in guadrinotatus, 6. Length,8 mm. Biack with white markings ; the legs, the first segment of the abdomen, the second and sometimes the third more or less dorsally, the sides of the prothorax and greater part of metathorax some- times, dark rufous. Markings as in 9, except that the clypeus is yellowish- white, the anterior and middle femora have a white subapical patch behind, the abdomen above has five continuous bands, the second and third sometimes narrowly interrupted, the venter has three white bands, interrupted in the middle. Apex of abdomen pointed. Scape dark rufous with a pale yellowish ring. Face densely covered with silvery pile. Clypeus (if the light portion wholly coincides with it) very low and broad, with a median lobe extending upwards; it is probable, however that the sides of the clypeus above are dark. Anterior margin of clypeus with three very distinct, but small, teeth. A brush of yellowish hairs in front of each mandible at its base. Mandibles rufous, with a light spot at base, simple. Punctuation of vertex much closer than in faurulus. Nervures and stigma piceous or black. Hab.—Several of both sexes, Rincon, New Mexico, July 5, visiting the flowers of Chilopsis saligna, Don. (Bignoniacez), in the river bed. One A. ¢taurulus was taken with them. 222 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. : I am convinced that these are the sexes of one species, but the ¢ and 2 would come at opposite ends of Mr. Dunning’s table (Can. Enr., XXVIII, 206). The males known from North America, with three teeth on the anterior edge of the clypeus, may be separated thus :-— (r.) Ground colour rufous................... ...atahensis, Baker. (2.) Ground colour black. (a.) Head and thorax densely hairy. ..4éspidus, Fox (L. Cala.). (b.) Head and thorax not unusually hairy... .comcinnulus, Ckll. The female of concinnulus is smaller than guadrinotatus, and has not the black head and thorax. NEW COCCIDA FROM MASSACHUSETTS AND NEW MEXICO. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, MESILLA, N. M, In Europe and in New Zealand species of the genus Azfers/a have been found, which lived in the nests of certain ants. It had always seemed to me singular that nothing of the kind should occur in this country ; but Mr. G. B. King has proved that they merely wanted look- ing for, his researches in Massachusetts having led to the discovery of three species, here briefly described. (1.) Ripersia Kingii,n. sp.—Q. About 14 mm. long, oval, legs and antenne very pale yellowish ; the natural colour of the insect could not be determined from the alcoholic specimens, but Mr. King states that when alive it is pink, shading into purple. Mentum (so-called) elongate, dimerous, with four bristles in a group at each side near the tip, and two on the sides further up, at considerable intervals. Antennz fairly stout, 6-jointed: 6 much longest, and about as long as 3, 4 and 5 together. Formula 6 (21) (534). All with very sparse whorls of hairs, 6 with 3 whorls. Femur stout, with four bristles on its outer margin. ~ Tibia a little shorter than femur, with four long bristles on outer margin and two on inner. ‘Tarsus distinctly longer than tibia. Claw very long, sharp, not much curved. Digitules very inconspicuous, filiform, with very minute knobs. Anal ring with 6 moderately small hairs. Caudal tubercles low, scarcely developed, with several hairs like those of the anal ring. Dermis with very few short hairs. Antenne about as far apart as the length of a femur. Hab.—Dracot, Mass., April 14, 1896, with Zaszus flavus, L., very abundant [G. B. King]. From the character of the legs, I think these specimens are only of the second stage, but in any event the species THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. — 223 seems quite distinct. Another lot, also from Dracot, April 20, 1895, “with Lasius claviger, Rog., and Z. flavus, very common,” presents no structural differences, though Mr. King gives the colour when alive as purple. A third lot, “with Zasius claviger and L. flavus, Lawrence, Mass., April ro, 1894, colour purple,” also agrees with 2. Azugiz; but one specimen of this lot has the antennal formula 631 (245), 6 with only two whorls of hairs, and may represent another species. Another has the formula 63 (21) (54). (2.) Ripersia lasii, n. sp.—?. Small, elongate-oval, clear white when alive (as I learn from Mr. King); legs ordinary, rather slender ; tibia slender at base, almost as long as femur, but only about half as thick ; tarsus about two-thirds length of tibia ; claw rather long, pointed, slender ; tibia and tarsus each with three short bristles on inner side. Trochanteric bristle not very long. Mentum dimerous, three hairs on each side near tip. Digitules apparently absent. Antenne 7-jointed: 7 longest, longer than 5+6, but not quite as long as 4+5+6; 2 next longest ; 3, 4-and 6 subequal ; 5 shortest, a very little broader than long. Joints with very sparse whorls of hairs: 7 with three whorls, 7 a little constricted about the beginning of its apical third. Another specimen has only 6-jointed antenne, varying thus like the European &. pulveraria: 3 is almost as long as 6. Formula 6 (31) 254. Four is as broad as long. As in fulveraréa, the third joint divides to make the 7 joints. The joints are more constricted at the sutures than in pulveraria as figured by Newstead. From &. Aingii it differs by the narrower third joint of antenne, the somewhat less tapering apical joint, the more slender tibia and tarsus, the tarsus less tapering to claw, the claw less curved, femur not so stout, tarsal hairs shorter, stronger, not so curved, mentum shorter in proportion to its length, legs rather brownish than yellowish, Hab.—Methuen, Mass., June 17, 1896, with Zasius americanus, Em., not common [G. B. King]. Another lot is marked by Mr. King, “with Lasius flavus, L., Methuen,:Mass., Oct. to, 1894, colour clear white, not very common.” This is, I think, certainly the second stage of R. /asti, and may be described thus: Very slightly over r mm. long, rather elongate-cylindrical, though not excessively so; legs quite large ; femur fairly stout, but not so stout as in adult ; tibiz somewhat shorter than tarsi. Antenne 6-jointed: 6 about as long as 3+4+ 5, but not so long as in the adult. Formula 63 (21) (54). This second stage may be 224 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. known from A7zzgiz by the third joint of the antenne being distinctly longer than the second, as well as by the quite different colour when alive. (3.) Ripersia flaveola, n. sp.—. Rather slender, about 1% mm. long, colour about a light French yellow when alive (Mr. King informs me); antenne slender, 6-jointed: 6 longest, a little longer than 4+5 ; 2, 3 and 4 subequal, 4 a little the shorter, but quite remarkably long, fully twice as long as broad ; 1 next longest, then 5, which is a third longer than broad; 3 has a deep constriction at its distal third, so that it looks as if there were 7 joints, with a very small 4th, broader than long ; 6 with three whorls of hairs. Legs slender, except femur, which 1s fairly stout. Tibia about as long as femur, tarsus about two-thirds length of tibia. Claw rather long, fairly stout, not much curved, with a small sub- basal tubercle on its inner side. Digitules apparently wanting. Mentum rather short, ordinary. - Another shows 7-jointed antennz : 4 dividing into two, so we have 4, 5 and 6 all short and equal, or about so, 5 a little the shorter. This differs from 7-jointed 2. Zaséz in being longer and slenderer, the sutures between the joints nearly flat for the most part, 6 much narrower, 2 and 3 longer, especially 2, which is at least twice as long as broad. Hab.—Methuen, Mass., April 18, 1896, with Lastus claviger, Rog., not common [G. B. King]. Differs at once from &. Zomdinii by the antenne ; it is smaller thah 2. corynephari. (4.) Dactylopius prosopidis, n. sp.—Q. Oval, about 2 mm. long, pale gray, varying to dark slate-gray and pale brownish-gray, with a sparse mealy covering, which is most dense along back and at sides, leaving fairly well-defined broad subdorsal bands of a somewhat darker colour, due not to pigment, but to the exposure of the body. No caudal or lateral cottony filaments, except in half-grown individuals, which show six short cottony caudal tufts. The females live in subspherical masses on the twigs, after the fashion of D. filamentosus,and are attended by ants. The ? forms a dense cushion of white cottony matter, on which it rests; this cushion is visible all round the margin of the insect, and does not at first protrude greatly behind. In it are laid the very pale greenish-yellow eggs. Eventually the females become dark slate-gray, and have a cross of white secretion on the hind end. They at this period possess a Pulvinaria-like ovisac, pro- jecting behind about as much as the length of a 9, but thick, its height at the hind extremity of the @ being probably not less than the length of the ?. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 225 Boiled in caustic soda, they stain the fluid cochineal-red, and turn orange. Anal ring with the usual 6 hairs. Caudal tubercles very low, subobsolete, with setee which are about twice as long as the hairs of the anal ring in the second stage, but not so long as this in the adult. Antenne 8-jointed : 8 much longest, as long as 5 +6+7, which are sub- equal, but 5 the shorter ; 4 shortest, broader than long ; 3 and 2 equal. Formula 8 (32) 7 (61) 54. Legs ordinary, tarsus about 5¢ to 2% length of tibia, claw fairly large, digitules filiform, hardly knobbed. Hab.—In the town of Mesilla, N. M., on Mesquite (Prosopis). I was astonished to come across this on some bushes I had passed many times. I have never seen it before on the numbers of Mesquite bushes I have examined in the vicinity. The eggs are produced at the latter part of July. This insect, in structure, particularly in the antenne, closely resembles D. solani, var. atriplicis, which is probably a distinct species. Perhaps prosopidis and atriplicis may be forms of one species, but they seem distinct. (5.) Pulvinaria amygdali, 0. sp.—Q. Ochraceous, much wrinkled in diying ; length of a boiled specimen under cover-glass hardly 2% mm., broad oval. Ovisac about 7 mm. long, pure white, convex, like that of P. ribesia, not parallel-sided like came//icola, etc., nor adherent to anything that touches it, like maclure, innumerabilis, etc. Antenne 8-jointed: 3 much longest, then 4, then 8 almost as long, 2 very little longer than 5 ; 6 and 7 subequal and shortest, 6 a little the shorter; 5 with two long bristles; 2 with a long hair.at its end. Trochanter with a very long hair. Femur stout, more than twice as broad as tibia, with an erect hair on its inner side near the middle. Tibia and tarsus slender, tibia about as long as femur, tarsus hardly half as long as tibia. Claw short and curved, sharp. Tarsal digitules slender; those of claw tolerably stout, with oblique knobs, extending considerably beyond tip of claw. Marginal spines simple, slender, not numerous. Prof. Tinsley, who was looking over the material with me, observed a specimen in which the third and fourth antennal joints were about equal. Hab.—Abundant on a peach tree in Mr. Stanley’s garden at Pinos Altos, N. M. (over 7,000 ft. alt.) ; found only on one tree. The antennz are much like those of P. persicae, Newst., but amygda/i has the eighth joint decidedly longer. The knobs of the claw-digitules are larger and more oblique than in ferséce, and our insect is much smaller than Newstead’s. The affinity of amygda/i is clearly with P. ridbesia, Sign., 226 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. but 1 have specimens of that, and it is clearly a different thing ; the scale is dark-coloured. I do not suppose that ?. amygdali was introduced into Pinos Altos on trees, but rather that it lives on some rosaceous shrub or tree in the mountains adjacent and has been carried to the peach tree on the feet of birds. This idea is favoured by the observation that it suffers severely from a Chalcidid parasite. The insect was discovered on July 8, 1896. (6.) Aulacaspis montanus,n.sp.—. Scale circular to slightly oval, slightly convex, white, exuvize exposed, rather large, pale straw-yellow, ' first skin on second, but to its side. Diameter of scale little over 1 mm. 9. When dry, brown-black, colourless after boiling in caustic soda. Mouthparts far anterior. Five groups of ventral glands, caudolateral and median groups compact, caudolaterals of 8, cephalolaterals 13, median 7. Median lobes wide apart at base, rounded, very low, their height above the margin less than haif their breadth, their bases pointed, their colour slightly yellowish, not dark. Second and third Jobes small, rounded, nearly obsolete. Plates small, spinelike. Anal orifice some distance from hind end, but caudad of the level of the caudolateral grouped glands. Margin with narrow sacs or saclike incisions, about as long as the greatest breadth of a median lobe. gf. Scales in colonies, much as in A. f¢exensis, brownish-white, distinctly 3-carinate, exuviz at one end, pale orange. Hab.—Pinos Altos, N. M., July 8, 1896, on the trunk asi limbs of Quercus Wrightii. It is evidently nearest to A. ¢exensis, which lives on Sophora in Texas, but the median lobes are differently shaped and do not show the prominent serrations. The ¢ scales are not so white and have sharper keels than in fexensis, but the ¢ scales are whiter and have the exuvie more contrasting with the scale. I found four species of Coccide on the Quercus Wrightii at Pinos Altos, namely: