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Saag ee > wey co. ss FLEMIMeETIO, Salisslite-
(Type Myzine Savignyi, Guér.)
aeeana cubital cell neither small mor petiolate... 2. 2... 2h a 7.
Second cubital cell very small, longly petiolate ; hind tarsi not twice
Peer Man Ener tibiceag. sis. aos oss seis ans Myzine;, Latreille:
= Tachus, Jurine.
= Meria, Illiger,
(Type Tiphia tripunctata, Rossi.)
. Second cubital cell large, longer than wide, trapezoidal, receiving the
recurrent nervure far beyond the middle ; hind tarsi about twice as
long as their tibiz ; cubitus in hind wings originating behind the
transverse median nervure; mandibles long, _ sickel-shaped,
Benito nye ae rainy ont uae . Plesia, Jurine.
(Type Tiphia namea, Fabr.)
Second cubital cell not so large, receiving the recurrent nervure at the
middle; mandibles stout, curved, edentate. . Dimorphoptera, Smith.
(Type D. scoliiformis, Smith.)
. Cubitus in hind wings originating deyond the transverse median
nervure ; hind tibiz elongate, triangulate ; last joint of hind tarsi
not smaller than the fourth.. ..Micromeria (Westwood) Saunders.
(Type Meria, Llugii, Westwood.)
If.
12.
14.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Cubitus in hind wings originating (?) defore the transverse median
nervure ; hind tibie globose; last joint of hind tarsi very
MMINUEE . oc os isd arable eee Mew es Poe oe 4) 2 = fod ts ea
(Type P. femorata, Guér.)
Wings glabrous, zo? hairy... .2..-....5+...+- 000)
Wings hairy, strongly fimbriate.
Apical lobes of front wings unequal; stigma and veins
absent... sce ese. ce cece ce oe MOMALOVIg. BR aOnm mene:
(Type Kk. victoriosa, Radoszk.)
Apex of wings bilobed, the marginal cell wanting ; ove cubital and
two discoidal cells; mandibles at apex bifid; hind tibial spur
moderate; straight and actite:.')>\.'.2. Seu Pseudomeria, Saunders.
(Type P. graeca, Saund.)
Apex of wings pointed; ove or ¢wo discoidal cells; mandibles
at apex simple, edentate; hind tibial spur very long, slender,
acute (Atnieal) Patras... eee .pet .. Pseudotiphia, Ashm., g. nov.
Op e Tiphia ee Pasa
Front wings with :7#7¢e cubital cells... . ... -23 one pre.
Front wings with ¢zvo cubital cells.
Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent
TICKVULES be ce ee es on vs EOCENE IIE
Marginal cell at apex zo? at all or only slightly separated from the
costa; second cubital cell large, irregularly quadrangular,
trapezoidal or pentagonal, longer than the third ..........13.
Marginal cell at apex widely separated from the costa; second
cubital cell small, longly petiolate............Myzine, Latreille.
Marginal cell shorter, rounded or truncate at apex ; second cubital
cell long, in outline triangular. se ue bg 0,6 bee! © ata ae
Marginal cell long, its apex bees and with a slight curve inwards
near the costa; three cubital cells, the second cell large, the
second and third each receiving a recurrent nervure, or the
second recurrent is interstitial with the second transverse cubitus ;
cubitus in hind wings originating defore the transverse median
nervure. va elevate dipllg slintaiale le, « leietaiullers! < Slay. ean
Apex of Siesneateal cell narrowly rounded; second cubital cell
receiving the first recurrent nervure af or a little before the
middle, the second recurrent nervure received by the third cubital
cell(hefore the-middley.... 55 asamen as . Micromeria, Saunders,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 7
—_—————— ==
Apex of marginal cell briefly truncate ; second and third cubital cells
each receiving a recurrent nervure at ora little beyond the middle;
cubitus in hind wings oe a little before the transverse
MIE NETVINES ieee ass ef -t >" sjo4 tris. 3 Mesa; Saussure:
“lyase M. oar engaainies Sauss.)
Famity XXX VI.—Scolide.
This family is very closely allied to the Myzinide, but may
be easily separated by having the eyes in the females distinctly
emarginate within. The males also have emarginate eyes, but are
more easily distinguishable by abdominal peculiarities, the tip ending
in three straight spines, but never in a single upward curved aculeus as in
the Myzinide.
The species are parasitic upon the larvee of beetles belonging to the
family Scarabaeide, and probably also upon other ground-inhabiting
beetle larve.
Two subfamilies may be recognized :
Front wings with only ove recurrent nervure ; if with two, the second
recurrent is incompletely formed, and bends backwards so as to unite
with the first, the second cubital cell apes only one recurrent
nervure. a Mea Mata fos- bs Pes its= aya u¥s hans .. Subfamily I.—Scoliine.
Front wings an two complete recurrent nervures, both of which are
received by the second cubital cell.......... Subfamily I].—Elidine.
SUBFAMILY I.—Scoliine.
In this subfamily the front wings have only a single complete
recurrent nervure, which is received by the second cubital cell. The
group is evidently an offshoot from the L/dine, which have two
complete recurrent nervures.
Table of Genera.
1. Front wings with four discoidal cells, the third usually triangular, often
petiolate x. ...5.%. : Pa eae beer ah: 5 ARO Le a
Front wings with Hee disnardah ots
tape, closedeubitalicells: ". 2.6: sc pekes 2.2. Disedliay Saussure:
(Type Scolia apicicornis, Guér.)
Pererelosed cibttal- Cells 220. . ok +’ oe) sata ae COllas Ha bricius,
= Triscolia, Sauss.
= Triliacos, Sauss. (partim.)
(Type S. flavifrons, Fabr.)
Mere OLEMDTAl CES; y-yercte iis a vo deots Se Fae « . Diliacos, Sauss. et Sich.
(Type Compsomeris violacea, Lepels. )
8 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
Tiieeecubitalicellsy: aan eee hh 2S coe . Liacos, Guérin.
“= Maca Sangha et Sich (partim.)
(Type L. dimidiata, Guérin.)
SUBFAMILY II.—Elidine.
This subfamily is separated from the Sco/éine by having two
recurrent nervures, and both being received by the second cubital cell.
It is the older type of the two subfamilies, and is clearly shown by
the more numerous cells in the front wings.
The present conception of the genus #//s appears to be wrong.
£i/is, as established by Fabricius, was a most composite group, and some
of the species originally placed in it by Fabricius did not even belong to
the same family.
Fabricius, when he established /7//s, placed under it seven species,
viz.: (1) 2. sexcincta, (2) EF. interrupta, (3) E. seniles, (4) E. 7-cincta,
(5) &. cylindrica, (6) E. volvulus and (7) E. cochleata. Subsequently,
some of these were placed in other genera, and the first species,
Elis sexcincta, became the type of the genus AZyzine, Latr. After going
carefully over the literature, I find that the only species left to which the
Fabrician name £/s may be applied is 4dis (Scolia) 7-cincta. This
must now be considered the type of the genus; it will throw out
the generic names, Co/pa, Lep.; Compsomeris, Lep., and Die/is, Sauss.,
and what we have been calling #//s becomes 7rée/is, Saussure.
Table of Genera.
t. Front wings with ‘tree or four cubital cells. : -1 2. ee
Front wings with ¢zwo cubital cells.
Three discoidal cells... 2. 6002) 0 00.2, oe, 2 nS
=Compsomeris, Lep.
=Colpa, Lepel.
= Dielis, Sauss.
(Type Scolia 7-cincta, Fabr.)
2. Front wings with ¢#ree closed cubital cells.
Three discoidal cells... ........2 25.0 0 eee
= Elis, Sauss. et Auc.
(Type Elis consanguinea, Sauss.)
Four discoidal cellsis un... .. 0: 0.0.5 ss ce oes 0 er
(Type T. Saussurei, Grib.)
Front wings with four closed cubital cells. .Tetrascolia, Ashm., g. nov.
(Type Compsomeris Urvillii, Gueér.)
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 9
NEW NOCTUIDS FOR 1903.—No. I.
BY JOHN B. SMITH, SC. D., RUTGERS COLLEGE, N. J.
Feralia Columbiana, n. sp.—Ground colour a bright emerald green,
the maculation black and white. Head with a black interantennal spot.
Collar with a black patch at its centre and at the base of each primary:
tipped with whitish. Behind the collar there is a black edging to the
disc and the loose basal tuftings are black marked. The edges of the
patagia are black along the disc and at the base of the wings. The
thorax itself is small and quadrate, the maculation just described forming
a black square in its centre. The abdomen is deep smoky brown,
yellowish or whitish at tip. Primaries with all the lines black, prominent,
yet fragmentary. Basal line single, accompanied by a few white scales,
becoming diffuse at the inner margin. T. a. line single, followed by a
white line, outcurved as a whole and irregularly bent or curved outwardly
in the interspaces. It may or may not be connected with the basal line
by a black bar below the median vein. T. p. line very irregularly
dentate, broad, a little diffuse outwardly, preceded by a white line, the
tooth on vein 4 carrying the line nearest to the outer margin. The
median shade line is irregular, broken, almost upright, coming between
the ordinary spots and tending to become obsolete below the middle of
the wing. If complete the tendency is to a black powdering through the
outer half of the median space. There is no s.t. line. The space
between t. p. line and outer margin is even to a series of large black,
interspacial terminal spots which are preceded by white scales. Beyond
these spots the fringes are cut with blackish, the intermediate spaces
whitish. Orbicular round or oval, more or less completely outlined in
white and black. Reniform large, upright, a little constricted in the
middle, an inner, diffuse white line to the incomplete black defining line.
Claviform indicated by black scales and more or less white filled.) The
secondaries may be entirely blackish with white fringes, or there may be
a whitish margin and base of indefinite extent. Beneath with a geminate
extra-median line on all wings ; secondaries with a large black discal
spot. The primaries have the terminal space green, but within that
everything is more or less black powdered to the base. A large black
patch on the costa between the outer line and the terminal space. The
breast is a mass of smoky blackish long fine hair. The legs are banded
and ringed with black, white and green.
Expands 40 mm. = 1.60 inches,
10 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Habitat: New Westminster, British Columbia, 1896 (Fletcher) ;
Northwest Territory (Ottolengui).
Two males in good condition, very much alike, yet different. The
specimen from Dr. Fletcher came some years ago and was associated
with A/omophana Comstocki, because of the tendency to powder or
darken the outer portion of the median space. It was realized that the
wing form was somewhat different ; but this was not without the range of
possible variation, and I had an example from Oregon that I yet believe
to be Comstocki. The receipt of a fine example from Dr. Ottolengui
makes clear a close relationship to Fera/ia jocosa, than which it is a
much larger and more intensely coloured form. It is quite likely that the
secondaries may vary to almost whitish with more or less blackish
powderings.
Carneades cinereopallidus, n. sp.—Ground colour a peculiar, very pale
ashen gray, more or less powdered with bluish dark gray scales ; a little
washed locally with luteous. Head concolorous. Collar with a blackish
line across the middle, below which is a whitish line or shade which may
involve the entire lower half. Tip edged with white scales, then luteous
to the black line. Thorax with disc and patagia more or less whitish,
the edges of the latter sometimes edged with black: more evidently so in
the females. Primaries whitish powdered over the costal region; a
luteous shading through the cell and in the s. t. space. A_ black,
geminate basal line is obscurely marked ; most obvious on and below the
median vein. Median lines practically lost: the t. a. marked by the
claviform and a slight difference in shade between basal and median
spaces ; t. p. a narrow paler line which is somewhat rigidly oblique. _ S. t.
line narrow, whitish, preceded by black scales which may form rather
vague sagittate spots. It is obviously dented by whitish rays on veins 3
and 4, which do not, however, quite reach the outer margin, Whitish
rays on veins 6 and 7 do not, or only slightly, dent the line. A series of
smoky, obscure, terminal lunules. A very pale yellow line at base of
fringes. Claviform narrowly outlined by black scales, concolorous,
usually with a paler shading above and beyond it. Orbicular oblique,
oblong, varying in width, open to the costa, sometimes outlined by black
scales, of the palest ground colour or a little whitish. Reniform rather
narrow, kidney-shaped, pale yellowish, sometimes contrasting; not
outlined except by the rather sharp colour contrast. Secondaries white,
with a very narrow smoky edging in the male, a broader, variable outer
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 11
shading in the female. Fringes white. Beneath, white with a smoky
disc on primaries, costal region powdered on secondaries, a smoky
terminal line on all wings.
Expands 28-33 mm. = 1.12-1.32 inches.
Habitat: Stockton, Utah, in October. Four examples, two of each
sex, and none of them good, are at hand from Mr. George Franck.
The species belongs with the ¢-dentata series ; but is not especially
well marked and recalls the personata form of fpitychrous. It is best
placed near g-dentata, and I am not sure that some specimens so marked
will not prove referable to this new form.
. The antenne of the male have the lateral processes well marked and
the bristle tufting long.
Carneades tronellus, n. sp.—Ground colour white with a yellowish
tinge, ranging from faint lemon to creamy or even very pale luteous ; the
deeper shades in the females. Head and thorax concolorous, vestiture
rather thin, long, patagia not marked. Primaries, in the males almost
immaculate, the only obvious mark being a somewhat diffuse blackish
spot at the end of the cell, representing the reniform. On close examina-
tion, scattered darker scales or slight shadings indicate the maculation
which is obvious in the female. In the latter sex the primaries are more
or less powdery and all the normal maculation is traceable, albeit in a
fragmentary fashion, nor all of it in any one specimen, Basal line
marked by black scales on costa and median vein. ‘TT. a. line geminate,
the inner line is usually marked on the costa only, broken into imperfect
interspacial lunules, as a whole a little outcurved. TT. p. line geminate,
inner line narrow, broken, feebly crenulated, blackish, outer line a vague
shading: the course as a whole well curved over the cell and a little
incurved below. A ee ae
3. Hind femora or produced at apex ‘Genkeae RBNPE Ne yas 4.
Hind femora produced at apex beneath.
Hind tibiz very strongly serrate on the outer
FACES 616 ea ls-s onde Sls oleate hie» +o Big olnos 6 Wiq)s lol ganas al
. (Type Mesa ‘rikveaee Cress.)
4. Hind tibiz denticulate or tuberculate on outer face ; the front tibiz
produced into a long, acute spine at the
middle....g....-.......0.---+»+ HPOMIGIOPterOn; Wernmmaan.
(Type E. Juli, De Romand.)
Hind tibie zof serrate on the outer face, the front tibize normal,
UMATIMCE 61s Cocos stistoath Gra! Aree «opener Pterombrus, Smith.
(Type P. aenigma, Smith.)
5. Front wings with ¢zo cubital cells... . 2.2. J. o> ane e
Front wings with ¢#ree cubital cells.
Cubitus more or less obliterated at its origin ; second and third
cubital cells each receiving a recurrent nervure, the first
recurrent nervure strongly curved or angularly broken by
a stump of a vein and received by the second cubital cell at
its basal third ; tegulze abnormally large ; mandibles bidentate ;
Clans: Cleft orca. yet) -inre GAME. om SRE ....Paratiphia, Sichel.
tere P. albilabris, Sichel.)
6. First transverse cubitus entire, zof angularly broken by a stump of a
vein ; middle tibiz with only eve apical spur.....Tiphia, Fabricius.
(Type T. femorata, Fabr.)
7. First transverse cubitus entire, zof obliterated at base, the first and
second cubital cells distinctly separated. . err ene et Pt
First transverse cubitus obliterated at base, the first she second cubital
cells more or less confluent........ ... «0 2a ea ees
8. Cubitus in hind wings ecrattial with shee transverse median nervure
or originating just before it; hind tibie serrate, the tarsi very
Ike] o\ sapere pasretererrnrate 8 Goa: oh ARIE rtpte .. Engycistus, Fox.
Cubitus in hind wings originating a Ses before ‘the transverse median
nervure.
Hind tibiz denticulate or tuberculate on outer
FACE oo se cise es ed a Se ee wee wis ce ae to 5 er
Hind tibiz not serrate on outer face, the tarsi
normal. »..........0.+s00.+. BEpomidiopteron, Des amand:
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, A]
g. Three cubital cells, the second not longer than the
third. ee Sas MA euags 2 6se) 2 . Paratiphia, Sichel.
Two eahital alg the second Very transverse. .o150 Ca Fabricius.
FamMiILy XXXVIII.—Cosilide.
This family is based upon the genus Cos//a, Guérin, described in
1839 from Chile. The affinities are most perplexing, although apparently
closely allied to the AZyzinide, Scoliide and Tiphiide. The middle coxe,
however, are much closer together than in those families ; the eyes in doth
sexes are entire, not emarginate within ; the venation of the wings, too,
is different, while the male genitalia is quite characteristic and totally
different from that in the families mentioned. In having the eyes entire
in both sexes, it agrees with the family Zzphz7de, but may be easily
separated by coxal characters, by venation and by the unarmed hypopy-
gium of the males.
I have also placed in this family the genus Fedtschenkia, Saussure,
unknown to me in nature. Both Saussure and André, however, place it
with the A7uti//ide, and Mr. Ernest André has even gone so far as to
make it the type of a subfamily—the Fedtschenkiin@. My reason for
differing from these eminent authorities is that the female is wnged, while
all known females in the Zhynnide, Myrmoside and Mutillide are
always wing/ess, never winged. The abdomen in the male, too, is unarmed
and totally unlike that in the JZuti//ide and allied families, a most
important character, which, in my opinion, is sufficient to exclude it from
any of those families.
Table of Genera.
. Front wings with ¢wo cubital cells. Bb ais, Ridicaits-v< ats jbocaaciiaen: eee
Front wings with ¢hree cubital She. PRs Pa rm cy Tee EN eS
2. First cubital cell about ¢hrice as Nain as ethe Saanth receiving the first
recurrent nervure at its apical third ; pronotum shorter than the
mesonotum ; scutellum zyzt/ lateral keels ; metathorax striate, the
RIE SELOUENE Cpr si vay cS) nid tte ate So ache s achows oo NUrseas Cameron:
(Type N. carinata, Cam.)
First cubital cell about ¢zéce as long as the second, receiving the first
recurrent a little beyond its middle ; submedian cell slightly shorter
than the median; pronotum not shorter than the mesonotum ;
parapsidal furrows distinct ; scutellum zthout lateral keels ; meta-
thorax not striate, but with a delicate median keel and keeled at
sides, the spiracles small, rounded ; abdomen fusiform, with a
49 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
constriction between the first and second segments, the first segment
trapezoidal, convex above, not longer than wide at apex. d¢ (9
WHkNOWN)... 2.0. eee eee seb es ete eee - SICPOIORIONnD RG: aanmnCmC.
(Type Sierola ambigua, Ashm.)
3. Second and third cubital cells each receiving a recurrent nervure.... 4.
Second cubital receiving both recurrent nervures.
Claws cleft ; marginal cell not separated from the costa at apex ;
first joint of flagellum a little shorter than the second.
ee SE PY Garrat, Ook ene he eee ait ..Cosila, Guérin.
(Type C. ‘Chien Guer.)
4. Claws cleft, or with a tooth or lobe at base beneath...... sa iS ahatencanige
Claws simpler ii). 2b bi. cae bios cu lele we 6 lls Slee phen eee
5. Claws with a tooth beneath ; head large, quadrate or nearly, armed
with a tooth on each side beneath. ...... Dicrogenium, Stadelman.
(Type Pristocerus rosmarus, Stadelm.)
Claws usually cleft ; head transverse, unarmed.
Claws not dilated into a rounded lobe at base ; hind tibiz serrate;
margina! cell at apex rounded, separated from the costa and
usually with an appendage ; cubitus in hind wings originating
before the transverse median nervure. @?...... Cosila, Sichel.
Claws dilated into a rounded lobe at base ; hind tibie with the
superior margin tuberculate, crenate and pilose or spined
between the tubercles ; third cubital cell anteriorly not dilated.
Marginal cell at apex entire............Callosila, Saussure.
(Type Myzine signata, Smith.)
Marginal cell at apex strongly truncate... Colobosila, Sichel.
(Type C. fasciculata, Sich.)
6. Head not large, quadrate, quite differently shaped................ i
Head very large, quadrate ; ocelli subtriangularly arranged ; mandibles
short, stout, bidentate ; antennz short, inserted on the anterior part
of the face, the scape stout; marginal cell hardly as long as the first
cubital cell, rounded at apex, the submedian cell much longer than
the median. 2.6.0. 06 0 0 eed, ee Ta
(Type M. australis, Smith.)
7. Head subglobose, the ocelli close together in a triangle ; mandibles
tridentate ; antenne inserted close to the anterior margin of the
head, filiform, the scape longer than joints 2 and 3 united ; marginal
cell Jong, subtruncate at apex ; median and submedian cells equal ;
ee
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43
cubitus in hind wings originating deyord the transverse median
MERVUEKE |. seen. en eee. Ooo. WS ie sMedtschenkia; Saussure:
(Type F. grossa, Sauss.)
Head transverse, seen from in front longer than wide; the eyes large,
occupying the whole side of the head, and extending from base of
mandibles to vertex; mandibles bidentate, the outer tooth much
longer than the inner; maxillary palpi 4-jointed, labial palpi 3-jointed;
antenne 12-jointed, rather long, the flagellum subclavate, inserted
on the anterior margin of the head; pronotum considerably longer
than the mesonotum, the latter with two widely separated furrows ;
scutellum fully one-third longer than the mesonotum ; metathorax
long, obliquely rounded off posteriorly ; abdomen fusiform, a little
longer than the head and thorax united, with a constriction between
the first and second segments......Isotiphia, Ashmead, gen. nov.
(Type I. nigra, Ashm.)
1. Lsotiphia nigra, sp. nov. 9? .—Length 4mm. _ Polished black,
the head and the mesonotum with some sparse punctures, the metathorax
rugulose ; antenne brownish, towards apex black; tips of tibie and
tarsi testaceous; wings hyaline, with a fuscous cloud through the
discoidal cells, and another through the second and third cubital
cells and the disk of the wings.
Brazil: Santarem. One specimen.
FamiILty XXXIX.—Rhopalosomide.
The writer established this family in 1896. It was based upon Rho-
palosoma Poeyi, Cresson, a most singular looking wasp, that, on account
of its colour, the subemarginate eyes and the prominent ocelli, resembles
an ichneumon-fly of the subfamily Ophioniue. Mr. Cresson described it
asa Braconid. It is, however, a true aculeate, and shows some affinity
with the AZyrmoside and Mutillide, through such genera as Brachycistis,
Tricholabtoides, Photopsis, Magrettina, etc.
The family was very fully discussed in my paper entitled “‘ Rhopalo-
somid, a new family of fossorial wasps,” published in the Proceedings of
the Washington Entomological Society, Vol. I1I., 1896, pp. 303-9.
The only genus known may be recognized by the following charac-
ters :
Kyes emarginate within; antennz long, slender, the joints of the flagellum
long, cylindrical, each joint with two spurs at apex within ; front wings
with two oblong, closed cubital cells, the second receiving the recurrent
44 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
nervure a little before the middle ; abdomen long, clavate, the petiole
very long ; legs long, the tibial spurs 1, 2, 2, very long and straight ;
tarsi long, the middle and hind tarsi with joints 2-4 broad and dilated,
densely pubescent beneath, subemarginate and armed with some stiff
spurs at apex ; claws long, curved............Rhopalosoma, Cresson.
(Type R. Poeyi, Cr.)
TUTT’S “BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA” — A REPLY TO DR:
DYAR.
It is in no spirit of carping criticism that I write in reply to Dr.
Dyar’s remarks on the 3rd volume of Mr. Tutt’s British Lepidoptera.
Far otherwise, for I have always considered myself as one of his disciples,
as it was his and Dr. Chapman’s stimulating work on Lepidopterous
larvee that first aroused my interest in this branch of entomology,and my
chief object in the following remarks is a desire to arrive at a clearer
understanding, in view of future work. Unfortunately, owing to the
extremely limited time at my disposal, i am not nearly so well versed in
the literature of my subject as I should be, it being a question of choosing
between first-hand work, at the risk of repeating through ignorance
of what another has already done, or acquiring a fuller knowledge of what
other workers are doing. I have chosen the former, and this must be my
excuse if I have missed some important work of Dr. Dyar’s that has
already settled some of the points I raise.
With regard to tubercle v of the Sphinges, I gladly acknowledge that
the error which led Mr. Tutt astray was chiefly mine, as Mr. Tutt was in
this instance largely relying on my notes. Iam the more ready to take
this action in that by so doing I find myself in company with Dr. Dyar
himself, my mistake being, perhaps, somewhat analogous to the mistake so
readily acknowledged by him with reference to his statement of the
absence of tubercle iv. in the Saturniids (‘‘ Additional Notes on the
Classification of Lepidopterous Larvae,” Zyransactions of the New York
Academy of Sctences, 1894, Vol. XIV., p. 51). Tubercle v. on the
abdominal segments of Sphingid larve is, normally, not only moved up to
the level of the spiracle, but is, in addition, shifted forward until it is
situated almost on the verge of the anterior edge of the segment, and it
was owing to this unusual position and the fact of there being an accessory
tubercle in this position in Lachneid larvee which led me astray. Almost
before the volume had left the binder’s hands, an examination of some
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45
notes I had made some time previously, but forgotten, with regard to the
ist instar of Ses?a (Macroglossa) stellatarum, caused me to doubt the
correctness of our conclusion, and the opportunity of examining larve of
Flemaris tityus (bombyliformic) and Hyles (Detlephila) euphorbie in
their first skins has proved to me that Dr. Dyar’s view is undoubtedly
correct. In its first instar, the larva of Sesza ste/latarum has tubercle v.
on the first abdominal segment below the level of the spiracle, although
still at a higher level than iv. It is definitely situated on the lateral
flange, which on this segment bends upwards towards the anterior margin.
Much the same condition also obtains in the same segment in Hemaris
tityus, v. being on the lateral flange in front of iv. and below the level of the
spiracle ; while in /y/es euphorbie iv. and v.on the first abdominal segment
are consolidated at base, the two setze being a very short distance apart
and both rising from a small oval plate beneath the spiracle.
The next point raised is with regard to the union of tubercles iv. and
v., or, more correctly speaking, their inclusion within the limits of a group
of hairs on a raised skin area or wart beneath the spiracle, on the larva of
Lastocampa quercus and Pachygastria trifolii. This union or inclusion
is a condition which, as Mr. Dyar himself has shown, is of not infrequent
occurrence in some groups of Lepidoptera, and is met with in many
different stages of development, e. g., from the condition obtaining
in Anthrocera (Zygena), where, in the second stadium, iv. and v., without
becoming appreciably nearer together than they were in the rst larval
stage, are surrounded by an irregular group of secondary sete, the whole
group being situated on a slightly-raised skin area, to the definite sharply
outlined and more or less raised wart, a condition such as obtains in
Saturniids or certain larvee of the Pterophorina. In at least one species of
the latter group (I think Marasmarcha phaodactyla is an example) this
inclusion of iv. and v. is beautifully demonstrated owing to the primary
sete having black bases, while the secondary sete have pale ones. Now
Dr. Dyar, without directly contradicting such an union or inclusion of iy.
and v. within the limits of a single subspiracular wart in Pachygastria
trifolii, calls it in question, and I would ask if he has examined the larva
of this species in its first instar. Fortunately, I have by me specimens of
this larva roughly mounted for the microscope, and I have carefully
re-examined the same, and can find only the three many-haired warts
mentioned near the spiracle, viz., ill, above it, the accessory perpen-
dicular, and the subspiracular wart which I take to contain within its
46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
limits the primary sete iv. and v. I can find no trace of any small
tubercles, single-haired or otherwise, in proximity to the spiracle or these
warts. I may here remark that the ist stage of P. trzfo/iz shows a much
more primitive condition than that of Z. guercus, the warts being smaller
and bearing fewer hairs, while the absence of any secondary hairs arising
from the general skin surface obviates the difficulty of discriminating
between primary and secondary characters that one finds in the Jast named
species. Had I not examined the larva of P. ¢77folzi I should not have
written ‘‘iv.+v. almost post-spiracular” with regard to Z. guercus, as
without this key, any of the numerous secondary hairs in proximity to the
spiracle might be taken for either iv. or v., or single hairs might have been
chosen for both and the large wart designated as a secondary character.
Unless, therefore, my eyesight is greatly at fault we must either consider
iv. and vy. to be included within the subspiracular wart of P. ¢réfoliz, and
by analogy within that of Z.guwercus,or conclude that one of them has been
lost ; and, in view of what Dr. Dyar has said in regard to the possible loss
of v. in the Sphinges and what we know as to the ready tendency of iv.
and v. to become members of a common group of sete in certain groups
of larve, and the possibility of their becoming consolidated on a single
segment of a larva of one species or tribe (see previous remarks ve A/yles
(Deilephila) euphorbie), the line of least resistance is surely greatly in
favour of the first-named conclusion. My slide showing a Ist stage larva
of P. ¢rifolii is at Dr. Dyar’s disposal should he care to examine it.
On the question of whether the first stage of Ag/ia tau is to be
considered a specialized one, I must join issue with Dr. Dyar on two
points: firstly, as regards the very restricted meaning attached by him to
the words ‘ Primitive first stage.” This would bring the first skin larve
of such species as Stauropus fagi and Dicranura vinula within the
category of having a primitive or unspecialized first stadium. Even if it
were possible to get a majority of entomologists to accept this sense, it
would still be entirely at variance with the sense in which these words
would be understood by biologists at large. Secondly, even if we accept
the special meaning in which Dr. Dyar uses the term, the condition
implied is zof present in the rst instar of Ag/ia tau. Not only are the
large horns identifiable with tubercle i. on the meso- and meta-thoracic
segments and the transversely conjoined i.+i. belonging to the
right and left sides of the 8th abdominal segment bear sete on their
lower lateral branches, besides those on the terminal forks, but the raised
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 47
bases of iii. and iv. are forked and bear ¢wo setae and there are also
additional secondary setz rising from the general skin surface that are in
no way associated with the primary tubercles. I have preserved but
unmounted larvee of this species in their rst instar, and as with P. trifoliz
I shall be glad to forward them to Dr. Dyar if he desires to examine
them.
There does not appear to be any issue between us with regard to
Dimorpha, but I should like to enquire as to what is inferred by the
remark ‘“‘ but it does not suggest the Lachneide nor Liparide proper.’
Are we to understand this as denoting a relationship between these two
groups other than the general one in that both belong to the same order ?
A. Bacor.
154 Lower Clapton Road, London N.E., England, Dec. 7th, 1902.
Ae NEW “SPECTHS OF HYPOLAIPUS, KIRBY;
BY J. CHESTER BRADLEY, PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Ftypolepus Viereckiz, sp. nov.—Dark, abdomen white beneath, legs
partly white, wings hyaline, nervures white at base. Length, 7-8 mm.
? .—Head shining black ; face below the insertion of the antenne,
a narrow band between the antenne and the eyes, head above the eyes,
and the temples, white; antennz black, nine-jointed, third slightly arcuate,
thicker and longer than the fourth, which is in turn longer than the fifth,
and so on to the last. Thorax shining black, laterally in front of wings
white ; wings hyaline, nervures brown, whitish at base of wing; first
transverse cubitus transparent, without colour, second submarginal celi
receiving two recurrent nervures, lanceolate cell petiolate, only one
marginal cell; legs dark brown, all coxe and trochanters, tibie except
tips and basal third of posterior femora, white ; posterior tibia slightly
enlarged, longitudinally sulcate, first joint of posterior tarsi as long as the
other three combined, the last joint being especially short. Abdomen
cylindrical, slightly angled laterally and more so dorso-medially ; dorsal
segments dark brown, ventral segments entirely white.
The paratypes have the second transverse cubital and the first recur-
rent nervures interstitial; the first transverse cubitus is often coloured, and
the anterior two pairs of tarsi are often pale.
Habitat.— Westville, N. J., Sept. 12. Mr. H. L. Viereck, 7 specimens
(¢?). Type in the collection of the American Entomological Society.
Paratypes in the collection of the Wagner Institute in this city, the collec-
tion of the U. S. Nat. Museum, and the author’s collection.
48. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
A NEW DIASPID GENUS.
BY R. A. COOLEY, AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, BOZEMAN, MONTANA.
In Professor T. D. A. Cockerell’s ‘‘ First Supplement to the Check-list
of the Coccidz” (published in the bulletin of the Illinois State Labora-
tory of Natural History, 1899), the following footnote occurs on page
398: ‘‘ Phenacaspis, Cooley and Ckll., will be a new genus, to include
P. nyss@, Chinensis, engenia, etc., hitherto placed in Chionaspis. Mr.
Cooley and the present writer agree that these forms have no generic
relationship with genuine Chionaspis except through Awudlacaspis and
Diaspis. 1 leave Mr. Cooley to publish the generic characters, and classify
the species.”
The present paper gives the generic characters of Phenacaspis.
PHENACASPIS, gen. nov., Cooley and Ck.
Scale of female elongated, with the exuvize at the anterior extremity,
white. Scale of male much smaller than that of female; elongated, with
the scales nearly parallel. With two longitudinal grooves on the dorsal
surface, causing one or three carinz, which vary in prominence in different
species. Pygidium with the terminal pair of lobes more or less sunken
into the body, and having their inner edges serrate or crenate, and strongly
divergent, leaving a distinct notch on the median line.
The colour and shape of the scales of the two sexes, together with
the median notch of the pygidium, are the essential characters of the
genus.
Since in Professor Cockerell’s note zyss@ is the first species named, I
suggest that this species be considered as the type of the genus.
CATALOGUE OF THE LEPIDOPTERA OF NORTH AMERICA.
The new Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of North America which I
have prepared has been issued as Bulletin No. 52 of the United States
National Museum. It comprises 740 pages. The edition is being dis-
tributed by the Smithsonian Institution, without charge. Those not
receiving the publications of the National Museum regularly, and who
are interested enough in entomology so that this publication would be of
practical use to them, will be cheerfully recommended by me to receive a
copy, on making application to the undersigned.
Harrison G. Dyar, Washington, D. C.
iw]
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 49
BOOK NOTICE.
Species des Hyménopteres d’Europe et d’Algerie : Les Mutillides—Par
Ernest André. A. Hermann, 6 et 12, Rue de la Sorbonne, Paris,
France.
This work, representing the 8th volume of André’s great work on the
European Hymenoptera, begun in 1888 by Edmond André, is now
completed by the publication of fascicle 81.
The volume before us is devoted to a consideration of the family
Mutillide, a \arge family of parasitic wasps living principally in the nests
of bees and predaceous wasps, and is written by Ernest André, a brother of
Edmond, contains nearly 500 pages, 25 plates, and gives full descriptions
of all the Mu¢z//ide occurring in Europe and Algiers ; the first fascicle
appeared in 1890.
After a brief preface and the definition of the family, Mr. André gives
a good historical sketch of the family, which is based upon the genus
Mutilla, Linné, established in 1758. From this sketch one may gain an
excellent idea of the vagueness and confusion that existed among earlier
authorities respecting genera, the great difference of opinion held by the
more distinguished, and the slowness with which the modern and the more
correct conception of a genus became established.
Mr. André devotes many pages to thoroughly defining the structural
characters of these wasps, their life evolution and biology, and their
geographical distribution. He finds that they are distributed over the
entire world, and estimates that 1,600 species are known ; of this number
about half are found in America, the others being distributed in Europe,
Africa, Asia and Australia.
After a good bibliography, in which 209 works and papers, treating
on these wasps, are listed, he enters into a systematic account of the
family, genera and species. He divides the family into four tribes: L.,
Fedtschenkiine; \., Apterogynine ; U1., Methocine; and IV., WM utilline.
No one, probably, will object to Mr. André’s groups; they are natural
and well characterized. But most decidedly some will differ with him
as to their rank and the position assigned them ; I do.
In my opinion free of these tribes do not belong to the family
Mutillide (sens. str.) ; they differ too widely in many important charac-
ters to be included in the same family, although probably all are natural
minor groups in other families. Fedtschenkia is winged in both sexes, and
I have placed it in the family Cosz/ide; the male has wot the characteristic
genitalia of a Mutillid. The Apterogynine should be placed in the family
50 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Myrmoside, the female having the thorax divided and the male having the
hypopygium ending in an upward curved aculeus ; while the JJethocine,
excluding the genus J/7//uta, which is a genuine Myrmosid, belong to the
family Zhynnide, and are the only representatives of the family found in
Europe.
Milluta, André, only superficially resembles a genuine Methocine, and
falls in naturally with many genera in the Myrmoside. In the supplement
terminating the volume, Mr. André thinks the characters upon which my
recently established genus Magrettina were based rather specific than
generic, and makes it a synonym of J/7//uta, André. This, however, is
merely an opinion, but coming from one who has done such excellent
work in the Mutillide as Mr. André, has weight and should receive con-
sideration. I must, however, differ from him. In my original diagnosis I
called attention to the close relationship Wagrettina had to Wil/uta, and
still think it distinct. When my revised generic tables of the Zhynnide,
Myrmoside and Mutillide appear, in my classification of the Vespoidea,
now in course of publication in the CaNnap1an Envromovocist, I feel
convinced Mr. André will also think differently. I shall make use of
characters that are generic, not specific, at least in my estimation.
In the opinion of Mr. André, LOr.
[At the request of the President, the constitution was then read by
the Secretary. |
In the year 1875 the first meeting of the Club was held in Detroit,
Mich., on August roth, President Dr. J. L. LeConte in the chair, Prof. C.
V. Riley, Secretary, and the minutes of this meeting are published in the
Can. ENT., 1875, pp. 177-179.
The minutes of the meetings of the Club held in 1876 in Buffalo, N.
Y., occupy nearly ten pages (pp. 176-185) in the Can. Env., and, for the
first time, a short address of the President, Dr. J. L. LeConte, is published,
The records of the next meeting, held in Nashville, Tenn., are very
meagre, on account of the absence of both the President and the Secre-
tary, and occupy a little more than two pages in the Can. Env. for 1877
(Ppp. 172-174.)
56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The meetings of the Club held at St. Louis, Mo., in August, 1878, are
fully reported upon in the Can. Env. of that year, and, for the first time,
an elaborated address by the President, Dr. J. A. Lintner, on the progress
of American Entomological Science, is published.
The same remarks hold true for the Saratoga, N. Y., meeting in 1879
(see CAN. Ent., pp. 163-177), and for the Boston, Mass., meeting, held
in 1880 (see Can. ENT., pp. 161-174). The minutes of the latter meet-
ing were also published in the Amer. Entomo/.,Vol. I1I., pp. 272-274, and
pp. 284-286.
For the year 1881 the proceedings of our organization are published
in the Can. Ent., pp. 179-189, and pp. 214~216, and in American
Naturalist, pp. —, wnder the heading, ‘‘ Meeting of the Sub-section of the
A. A. A.S.,” Rev. J. G. Morris being President.
As a sub-section, the Entomologists of the A. A. A. S. do not seem
to have been successful, for I fail to find any record of its meetings in
1882, when the A. A. A. S. met at Montreal, Can.
However, in 1883, when the Association met at Minneapolis, Minn.,
it was decided to reorganize the Entomological Club. The following
officers were promptly elected: President, D. S. Keilicott ; Vice-Presi-
dent, Herbert Osborn ; Secretary, O. S. Westcott. A large number of
valuable and interesting communications were presented, which are re-
corded in Can. Env. for 1883.
The 1884 meeting of the Club, held at Philadephia, Pa., was also a
very successful one, as is apparent from the full record published in the
Can. EnT., pp. 169-179, and pp. 181-186, the Secretary of the Club
being Mr. J. B. Smith.
The minutes of the Ann Arbor, Mich., meeting in 1885 were fully re-
ported in Vol. I. of Hntomologica Americana, and for the first time, papers
read by members are printed in full in these records.
In Vol. II. of the same periodical we find published the minutes of
the Buffalo, N. Y., meeting, held in August, 1886. In Vol. III. are the
minutes of the New York meeting, held in August, 1887.
In spite of the fact that the Cleveland, O., meeting in 1888 was at-
tended by a small number of Entomologists, a large number of valuable
papers were read, besides an elaborate address of the President, Mr. John
B. Smith, all of which is published in Vol. IV. of Zxtomologica Americana,
while the Can. Ent. also published a full account of the proceedings.
At the Toronto, Can., meeting of the Association, in 1889, which was
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. iw
not very largely attended by the Entomologists, the Association of Official
Economic Entomologists was founded, and held its first meeting in con-
junction with the Entomological Club, the result being that most of the
papers read were ofan economic nature. The minutes are published both
in the Can. Ent. and in Entomol. Amer.
At the Indianapolis, Ind., meeting in 1890, the Entomological Club
was again well represented, and a successful meeting was held, as can be
seen from the very full account published in the Can. Ent., while the
Entom. Amer. brought out a short abstract.
The number of members of the Entomological Club present at the
Washington, D. C., meeting in 1891 exceeded that at any previous meet-
ing, and the full record of the proceedings occupies 48 pages in the Can.
Ent. of the same year.
The Rochester, N. Y., meeting in 1892 was also very successful, and
its record fills 61 pages of the Can. Ent. The following officers were
elected for the next meeting: President, Rev. Chas. J. S. Bethune ; Vice-
President, Mr. H. G. Hubbard; Secretary, Mr. C. L. Marlatt; but this
“next” meeting was never held, nor is there any record of any subsequent
meeting of the Entomological Club of the A. A. A. S.
Following the reading of this communication and the constitution of
the Club, the question of membership was brought up by Mr. Marlatt.
The subject was discussed by Messrs. Bradley, Schwarz, Ashmead, Hop-
kins, Felt and Marlatt. Mr. Marlatt moved to make section three of the
constitution read as follows: ‘ All members of the American Associa-
tion for the Advancement of Science who are interested in entomology,
and all members of the Association of Economic Entomologists, shall be
ipso facto members of the Club. Other Entomologists may be elected to
membership at any regular meeting.” This motion, seconded by Mr.
Ashmead, was carried. On motion of Mr. Hopkins, the following pro-
vision was added to this section: ‘‘ Members of local entomological so-
cieties at the meeting place of the American Association of any year shall
be considered as members of the Club.”
The business of reorganizing the Club having been completed, Mr.
Kellogg was invited by the President to give a report on the entomolog-
ical work done under his direction on the Pacific Coast.
Mr. Kellogg first called attention to a very creditable piece of mono-
graphic work on Aleurodes by one of his students, exhibiting some espe-
cially well-executed plates illustrating these insects. This work is scon to
58 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
be published. He exhibited also a pair of primary royalties of Zermopsis
angusticollis, the Pacific Coast Termite. He had found no difficulty in
securing a number of these royal pairs, and one of them he had brought
alive from California in some decaying wood. ‘The true royalties of this
kind are certainly very rare, and these forms excited much interest.
Mr. Kellogg followed with an account of his work with the Blepharo-
ceridx, a family of Diptera, which inhabit in the larval stage swift-running
mountain streams. These Diptera have hitherto been considered very
rare, and only fifteen species were known in the world—five of them in
North America and six European, the remainder subtropical or tropical.
To this number he had added four new species which he had studied in
all stages, and added much to the information of the early stages, which
had previously been little known. He described the manner of attach-
ment of the larve to the rock beds in swift streams, the insect not oc-
curring in still water, and gave an account of the habits of the larve, the
remarkable specialization in the larval and pupal characters, and also the
habits of the adults, together with some details of the structural peculiar-
ities of the latter. He urged all collectors to be on the lookout for these
curious insects. He reported that the results of his investigations were in
press, and included a revision of the family in North America, giving full
details of all his studies, and ke promised to send this paper to any one
interested in the subject. A miscellaneous discussion followed this com-
munication, bearing on these Diptera, in which some additional facts and
explanations were given by Mr. Kellogg. Concluding the discussion,
Mr. Schwarz stated that he was not familiar with any matter contained in
the Entomologica Americana bearing on these insects, but that in com-
pany with his late friend, Mr. Hubbard, and also later with Mr. Barber,
he had made examinations covering two years in Arizona, and had never
found an example of Blepharocera. He believed this to result from the
fact that none of the mountain streams in Arizona can be called perma-
nent. Every other season, at least, these streams dry up. Both Mr, Hub-
bard and himself, he stated, were well acquainted with these forms, and
would have recognized them if they occurred there. ‘The Simulium flies,
on the other hand, maintained themselves under the conditions noted ; in
other words, they were able to live in these streams and to survive the dry
period, by what means he was not able to discover.
Dr. Hopkins presented the following account of recent work in Forest-
insect Entomology :
ES , e
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 59
FOREST-INSECT EXPLORATIONS IN THE SUMMER OF 1902.
[REVISED BY DR. HOPKINS FROM THE STENOGRAPHIC NOTES.|
Dr. Hopkins gave an account of his preliminary survey, during the
past summer, of the forest regions of different sections of the country to
determine the primary enemies of forest trees and locate the areas of
principal depredations. Between July and November he was in 27 States
and two territories. His first trip was made through the South-eastern
States, to determine the area of a recent outbreak of Dendroctonus
Frontalis. We found in the southern Appalachian region that this, one of
the most destructive insects of American coniferous forests, was com-
mencing its ravages as it did a few years previous to the great devastation
wrought by it in the Virginias. He spoke of the probability that some of
these insects, which are for a long time exceedingly rare, then suddenly
make their appearance in vast numbers, taking the character of an inva-
sion, are varieties of the typical forms which, on account of favorable
variations, are capable of extending their range into new areas, and also to
overcomie the resistance exerted by the living trees attacked by them,
which could not be overcome by the typical forms. He gave as an ex-
ample the results of his study of Dendroctonus frontalis, in which he
found that the form which was so exceedingly common and destructive in
the Virginias was a variety of the form described by Zimmerman many
years ago.
After locating the trouble in the vicinity of Fletcher’s and Tryon,
N. C., he travelled southward through South Carolina and Georgia to
Tampa, Florida, and returned by another route, to determine the extent
of this new outbreak. Returning to Washington from this trip, he pro-
ceeded to the Black Hills, in South Dakota, where a vast amount of pine
timber has been killed by Dendroctonus ponderosa, as has been mentioned
in Bulletin 32, new series, Division of Entomology. This species, he
said, is another example of apparent variation from a western type, D.
monticola, Hopk. MS. It has distinctive and constant characters of
structure and habit which are sufficent to entitle it to the rank of a species,
and he believes that it is possibly of recent development. D. monticola
attacks the mountain pine (/inzus montico/a) in Idaho, and the sugar pine
(P. Lambertiana) in Oregon. The smaller size of this species, the more
primitive character of its gallery, and its wider distribution, indicate that it
is the stock from which Dendroctonus ponderose has sprung. The latter
is apparently more restricted in its range, having been found only in the
60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Black Hills and in Northern Colorado. ‘This is simply offered as a sug-
gestion of the probabilities, and to call attention to this feature, which
should be considered in future investigations.
From the Black Hills he went further west, through Wyoming and
Montana to Spokane, Washington, thence to the Priest River Reserve,
where he found Dendroctonus monticola doing considerable damage to
Pinus monticola in the vicinity of Priest Lake. He also found D.
pseudotsuga, Hopk. MS., intimately associated with the dying of the large
red fir ( Pseudotsuga taxifolia). This latter species of Dendroctonus, he
said, was one which for a !ong time had been confused with D. szmi?is,
Lec., but upon examination of the type of D. szmzdis he found it to be
quite a different thing, and undescribed, while D. sémi/is is a synonym of
D. obesus, Mann.
He found also the pine-defoliating butterfly occurred in considerable
numbers, flying around the tops of the pine trees. ‘The fact that this but-
terfly was almost exterminated by its parasites a few years ago, and is now
apparently on the increase, suggests that it may again become destruc-
tive within a few years. Returning from Priest River, by the way of
Spokane, he visited Sand Point, Idaho, where, in 1899, he discovered a
young six-year-old entomologist, in whom he was very much interested.
His name is Charley Boyers. From Sand Point he went to Seattle, and
thence into the Cascade Mountain range, where, among other finds, he
made the discovery of a large Prionus larva boring in the living sapwood
of a red fir, which four or five years previous had been injured by fire, but
not killed. ‘This was of interest, from the fact that this species is not
supposed to bore into the living sapwood of standing trees. He also spoke
of the great windfalls in the forests of that region, and the extreme difficulty
met with in penetrating the forests thus obstructed by the great trees
lapping over each other, making it necessary sometimes to climb from one
tree to another, until one was twenty or thirty feet from the ground. He
also spoke of the rich field for the Scolytid specialist in these wind-felled
trees, which were infested by many species ; and spoke of such windfalls
being the cause of serious depredations by insects which bred in them.
Returning through Washington and Oregon to San Francisco, he found
that the Phlceosinus mentioned by Mr. Fowler, under the name of 2.
punctatus*, as destructive to the Lawson cypress, was not punctatus, but
an undescribed species which he had found in a Cryptomeria when there
*Report of work of the Agr, Exp, Sta., Univ. of Calif., 1898-1901, Part I., page 8o.
CO ——— —— — ————— —————
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 61
in r899, and also in Sequoia. Going from San Francisco to De! Monte
and Monterey, California, he found the same thing in living Lawson’s
cypress on the grounds at Del Monte, and especially abundant in the
broken branches and recently-felled trees of the Monterey cypress in the
original grove at Cypress Point. He thinks that the original home of the
species is in the ancient grove, but it has been distributed further north
with the tree, which has been extensively planted for hedges and as an
ornamental tree. We have here another exampie of a beetle which in
its original host plant and distribution is not destructive, but becomes so
under different environments and with change of habit. He also found
Dendroctonus valens working serious damage to the Monterey pine, and
associated with it a number of species of Tomicus, Pityophthorus, ete.,
which appear to be causing considerable trouble. He mentioned also the
timber which had been destroyed by fire, mentioned by Mr. Schwarz at a
previous meeting, and spoke of the great number of beetles breeding in
the injured trees and spreading their depredations into living ones. Re-
turning from Monterey on the Santa Fe R. R., he visited Williams,
Arizona, to examine a trouble there reported by Mr. Schwarz, which was
causing the death of a considerable number of pine trees. This was found
to be caused by Dendroctonus approximatus, Dietz., and also by two un-
described species of Dendroctonus, which are closely allied to D. fron-
talis. He found also that among the Pinon on the rim of the Grand
Canon, and between there and Williams, individual trees were dying and
infested with Tomicus and other bark beetles.
(To be continued.)
NEW ORIENTAL ALEURODID.
BY A. L. QUAINTANCE, COLLEGE PARK, MD.
Aleurodes Marlatti, n. sp.
Egg.—Size about .1 mm. x .2 mm., exclusive of stalk, which is quite
short, holding egg in upright position on leaf; regularly elliptical in
outline. Colour, dirty yellowish brown, as seen on leaf; under
transmitted light, yellowish. Shell without markings or sculpturing of
any kind.
Larva.— Broadly elliptical. Colour, except in first stage which is
yellowish, brownish to brownish black, varying in some specimens to an
iridescent blue black ; in later stages, margined all around with a short,
rather squarely-trimmed, white, waxy secretion, from the marginal wax
62 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
tubes. Margin of case plainly crenulated, the incisions between wax
tubes shallow and acute, but furrowed somewhat entad, giving a fluted
marginal area. Abdominal segments distinct, thoracic segments moder-
ately so. ‘There is a slight, rounded medio-dorsal ridge along abdomen.
Vasiform orifice triangular; operculum subcordate; lingula well
developed, subcapitate distally, the stalk rather narrow. A pair of
moderate, whitish sete project caudad from caudal end of case. Size
of larva, probably in second stage, .63 mm. x .5 mm.
Pupa Case,— As seen on leaf, shiny jet black and considerably
convex when fully developed. ‘There is a short, uniform, rather squarely-
trimmed, glassy waxen fringe all around from the marginal wax tubes. On
dorsum of abdomen there is an interesting ‘“ top-shaped” outline, formed
by a narrow, more or less continuous line of whitish waxy secretion. The
cephalic end of the figure originates along first abdominal segment, the
sides curving outward and caudad, but some narrowing, the lines passing
on either side of the vasiform orifice, caudad of which they coalesce more
or less, the figure terminating in an acute point at caudal end of case.
Lines of wax along the sutures of the abdominal segments extend out
laterally from the more central, top-shaped figure, the whole ferming an
interesting and characteristic pattern. On cephalic end of case there is an
irregular ellipse of wax, marking approximately the head region of the
pupa. This dorsal secretion is most evident in the more mature
individuals, and may be more or less absent in the younger forms. There
is a very distinct suture all around, which separates from the body proper
the pronounced fluted marginal rim. This latter is inclined to the
surface of the leaf at an angle of about 45 degrees. Size variable, but
about 1.35 mm. x 1.1 mm., roundly elliptical in form. Abdominal
segments distinct, and thoracic moderately so. On cephalic end of case
the transparent, subreniform “eye spots” very distinct. Vasiform orifice
triangular, subacute caudad. Operculum subcordate ; lingula difficult to
make out, but probably as in larva. From caudal end of orifice a distinct
furrow extends back to caudal end of case. Margin crenulated all
around, the incisions between wax tubes shallow and acute ; on latero-
cephalic margin of case, on each side, a single tubular pore, noticeably
distinct from adjacent wax tubes. Pupa case of general type of A.
guercus-aguatice, Quaint., from Florida.
Adult.— 9. Body yellowish, with sutures mostly blackish. Length
about .83 mm.; fore wing, 1.2 mm. x.56 mm.; antenne and legs usual,
a
vv
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 63
Fore wings with two irregular, broken bands of reddish, each crossing
wing about equidistant on each side of caudal flexure of vein. ‘There is
also a small central spot, almost caudad of flexure, and a more or less
evident spot at tip of vein. A small, irregular spot also occurs caudad of
veinlet, near base of wing.
d. Very like female, but smaller. Penis and valves of genitalia
rather slender, sickle-shaped and acute.
Specimens on orange; collected by Mr. C. L. Marlatt, Hakato,
Japan, May 21, t901. Adults bred out by Mr. Marlatt. This species
was also taken at Kumomoto, Japan, by Mr. Marlatt, on May 17, 1901.
Described from numerous specimens of eggs, larve and pupa-cases.
Adults described from a few imperfect females and one male in balsam
mounts. Types in U.S. National Museum.
Aleurodes spinifera, n. sp.
figg.—Exclusive of stalk, .2 mm. long by about .1 mm. wide;
yellowish, curved, and marked with rather minute, closely-set polygonal
areas. Stalk quite short, holding egg in more or less upright position on
leaf.
Larva.— Regularly elliptical, appearing brownish on leaf, varying to
black, with evident, but short, cottony fringe of wax all around from
marginal wax tubes ; dorsum without secretion. Size, probably in second
stage, about .¢ mm.x .3 mm. Margin distinctly crenulated all around,
incisions between wax tubes short and acute. Abdominal segments quite
distinct, thoracic less so. Dorsum set with very strong, heavy spines as
follows: a row on each side about equidistant between the median
longitudinal. dorsal line and margin of case, of seven spines each or
fourteen in all. Eight of these occur on the abdomen and six on the
thorax. More centrally on the thorax are six equally developed spines in
pairs. Vasiform orifice, which is somewhat elevated on a subconical,
truncated protuberance, subcircular in outline ; operculum subcircular to
subcordate, nearly filling orifice. Lingula short, nearly obsolete.
Pupa Case.—As seen on leaf, with reflected light, jet black, con-
siderably» convex, the strong, dark spines plainly evident. Dorsum
without secretion, but there is a compact, short, cottony fringe all around
from marginal wax tubes. Size of mature specimens about 1.33 mm. x
I mm., roundly elliptical in shape. On dorsum there is a submarginal
row all around of strong, dark, acute spines, projecting considerable above
and beyond case, nine or ten on each side. There is also a subdorsal row
64 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
on each side of strong, similarly-coloured, but shorter, spines, ten to
twelve in number; nearer the medio-dorsal line there are four pairs
of spines on the thorax, and a pair on abdominal segments 1, 2, 3 and 7,
respectively. Vasiform orifice prominently elevated on an oblique,
subconical, truncated protuberance, the subcordate orifice opening
directly upwards. The operculum is similar in shape to orifice, which it
nearly fills. Lingula obscure. There is a narrow, more or less evident
marginal rim, composed of the prominent wax tubes, which are bluntly
rounded distally, the incisions between them being moderately deep and
acute. On ventral surface rudimentary legs may be readily distinguished.
Adults unknown.
Specimens collected by Mr. C. L, Marlatt, Garolt, Java, December
7, 1901, on Citrus, sp., and Rose. Eggs and pupal stages described from
numerous specimens ; larvee from two specimens. This species is closely
related to Maskell’s /pzperts from Ceylon, but differs in the number
and arrangement of spines in the vasiform orifice, and in the fact
that the eggs of spinifera are distinctly marked with polygonal areas,
whereas those of piferzs are striated. Types in U. S. National Museum.
TWO REMARKABLE NEW COCCIDZ:.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, EAST LAS VEGAS, N. M.
Of the two Coccidze now described, the first is the type of a very
peculiar new genus; the other is a very beautiful and interesting
lac-insect.
Stictococcus, n. g.—An aberrant genus of Lecaniine, with the anal
orifice in the middle of the back, not connected with the hind margin by
a slit or groove. Anal ring with six hairs in larva; none in adult. Anal
plates so modified in adult as to be unrecognizable. Legs small, but well
developed. Antenne with 5 or 6 joints. Margin with long bristles, and
flattened bifid or palmate plates or spines. Dorsum with numerous large
pits.
Stictococcus Sjostedti, n. sp. (T. D. A. & W. P. CKIl.).
Numerous on small branches. Oval, flattish, about 4 mm. long, 3
broad, and 1% high; Zecantum-like, smooth and shiny, ferruginous to
olive-brown ; anal orifice in middle of back; dorsal region with two
longitudinal rows of large round pits, single and (in two cases) two
together: thus, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, and then a single one in the middle line
where the two rows converge. Subdorsal region with a row on each side
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 65
of similar, but smaller, pits, about ten in number, no two close together ;
sides abruptly descending, with submarginal and marginal rows of pits,
the submarginal quite large, the others very small. Margin with scattered
hairs. On the under side is a small amount of mealy secretion, arranged
in radiating lines upon the sides of the abdomen. In some specimens the
back is more or less coated with an easily deciduous waxy material.
Mouth-parts small, labium rounded. Margin with long bristles, and
numerous very broad and rather short palmated or bifid plates. Antenne
stout, very small and pale, 5-jointed, with a long 3, or 6-jointed by the
diviston of 3, in which case 4 is longer than 3, being a trifle longer than
broad, while 3 is conspicuously broader than long. Legs stout, small and
pale ; tarsus and tibia subequal, but tarsus a little the longer; claw large,
strongly hooked. Anal orifice dark brown, consisting of a circular
chitinous plate, in which is a large quadrangular opening filled by two
subquadrangular plates, each of which has on its surface a pair of
darkened rounded processes or lobes, and also a pair of foramina, the
foramina of the anterior plate near its anterior margin, and those of the
posterior plate near its posterior margin. ‘The hind margin of the anterior
plate is concave, leaving a slit between the two. No bristles are apparent.
Skin with many minute circular gland orifices. Ventral surface in the
abdominal region with a transverse fold fringed with hairs.
Larva (from body of 2) broad-oval, with a similar dorsal anal
orifice, but it is surrounded by the six long bristles of the anal ring. Thé
anterior plate, which bears these bristles, is horseshoe-shaped, with the
opening directed backwards, and into the opening falls the more or less
oval posterior plate, which is longitudinally divided in the middle line,
and no doubt represents the anal lobes. Margin with bristles and large
flattened bifid or trifid plates as in the adult, only they are much larger
in comparison with the size of the insect. Antennze stout.
Flab.—Cameroons, W. Africa ; very numerous specimens in alcohol,
collected by Dr. Yngve Sjostedt, of the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum at
Stockholm. Several of the bottles are only labeled as from the
Cameroons ; a few contain more exact labels—‘‘ Itoki, Feb., 1891” ;
“Eskundu,” and ‘“ Bonze.” This is the first Coccid on record from
the Cameroons.
Lachardia aurantiaca, 0. sp.
On bark of branch; scales usually separate, sometimes coalescing,
round, seen from above, 4 mm. long, convex, but flattened dorsally,
66 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
so that they are not half as high as broad; surface thrown more or
less into concentric folds; colour bright orange; median dorsal area
ferruginous, with radiating ridges and the usual orifices, the minutely
transversely ribbed Jarval exuvia in the middle. Young, up to about
2mm. long, orange-ferruginous, with rather obscure radiating ridges.
Second stage : female with the cephalothoracic end narrower than the
abdominal, and with a constriction between the thorax and abdomen.
Abdomen emarginate posteriorly, as in the same stage of 7: Mexicana.
No spine found. A couple of pale ferruginous (chitinous) triangular
plates, each presenting near the middle a round patch of greatly crowded
and very numerous gland-orifices, each of which under a high power
exhibits a central nucleus, from which radiate five lines. Near one
corner of the triangular plate is a smaller patch of similar orifices,
here about twelve in number. Anal ring with ten long bristles ; the ring
is transversely oval, and is divided into an anterior and a posterior part.
The anterior part, bearing four bristles, is deeply notched in the middle
anteriorly ; the posterior part, bearing six bristles, is deeply notched in the
middle posteriorly. The lac is very hard to dissolve. The insects show
the usual crimson pigment.
Hab.—Garoet, Java, Dec. 7, 1901, on grape-fruit ( Cztrus); collected
by Mr. C. L. Marlatt. The second-stage females are attacked by a
parasitic fungus, their bodies being full of the threads in some instances.
The adults show large parasite holes, and what the parasites have left
has been almost entirely consumed by a host of small hairy mites,
evidently a species of Zyroglyphus, as they agree well with Fig. 54
in Marlatt, Bull. 14, N. S., Div. Ent., Dep. Agr. (1898), p. 103. Owing
to these conditions I was unable to obtain a good specimen of the female
adult for mounting.
The species is easily known from Z: decorel/a by the absence
of ribbing beyond the second stage.
A CONTRIBUTION.
Mr. E. P. Venables, Vernon, B. C., thoughtfully considering the
needs of the Society, has donated to it some British Columbia beetles, the
most of which are new to its collection, thus increasing by so much its
powers of usefulness to others for the determination of specimens.
J. Atston Morrat, Curator.
7
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 6
NEW COLEOPTERA FROM THE WESTERN UNITED STATES.
BY H. F. WICKHAM, IOWA CITY, IOWA.
All of the species described in the following pages belong to genera
which are of small extent or have been recently monographed, and it is
hoped that no confusion wili result from their publication. The types are
in my own collection, and, unless otherwise credited, were captured by
myself.
PHYSORHINUS, Esch.
Hitherto the only species of this genus known from the United States
was P. fusculus, Champ. (Anchastus frontalis, Horn), and the curious
pale head, which Dr. Horn thought might be accidental, is, according to
Mr. Champion, characteristic of the genus, which is well represented in
Central America. I have in my collection a form which seems to be new.
P. yucce, n. sp.—Elongate, subfusiform, convex, shining, clothed with
rather dense yellowish pubescence ; castaneous, legs rather lighter. Head
yellow, clypeal margin blackish, the surface deeply but somewhat finely
punctate ; antennz passing the hind angles of the thorax, second joint
extremely small, third barely longer, together about equal to the fourth,
Prothorax a little wider than long, broadest behind the middle, rapidly
natrowing to apex, sides nearly parallel behind, hind angles just percepti-
bly divergent, acute, bicarinate, the inner carina straight, oblique, outer one
very slightly curved and quite near the margin ; surface deeply and dense-
ly but not very coarsely punctured, the punctuation of the neighbourhood
of the anterior angles being the coarsest. Elytra at base not as wide as
the thorax, becoming rapidly narrower from a point much in advance of
the middle, sides slightly rounding, apices distinctly finely serrulate, tips
conjointly rounded, all the striz distinct, but fine, with small distant punc-
tures at bottom, interstrial spaces finely, irreguiarly and rather closely
punctate. Beneath somewhat finely and closely punctured. Dilated por-
tion of posterior coxal plates rounded at tip. Length 11 mm.
Taken near Brownsville, Texas, by C. H. T. Townsend and myself,
in heads of Yucca during July. Differs from P. fuscu/us by the closely
punctured head. It is quite closely allied to the Mexican P. frontadis,
Cand. The Central American species are said by Champion to occur
mostly in forest clearings, and are collected by beating branches of trees.
CHRYSOBOTHRIS, Esch.
C. Piuta, n. sp.—Form oblong, subdepressed, bronzed, shining,
head bright reddish cupreous, front green ; pronotum reddish cupreous,
68 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
bluish at base ; elytra bronzed, but much less brilliant than the thorax,
the basal half, excepting the sutural and lateral margins and fovexe, dark
bluish and more opaque ; body beneath dark bronze, with whitish pubes-
cence, which forms denser patches on the meso- and metathoracic side
pieces and on the sides of the ventral segments. Antenne greenish-
bronze, slightly more slender to tip, third joint scarcely equal to the next
two. Front deeply and quite regularly punctured, the punctures sepa-
rated by about their own diameters, callosities indistinct, pubescence
whitish, conspicuous. Clypeus broadly and obtusely triangularly emar-
ginate, angles of emargination not rounded. Thorax about one-half
broader than long, front margin slightly bisinuate when viewed from above,
anterior angles obtuse, slightly rounded, sides nearly straight, but con-
verging a trifle to near the base, whence they are suddenly sinuately nar-
rowed to the hind angles; disc convex, regular, the punctuation deep,
weli separated at middle, but becoming coarser and more crowded near
the lateral margins and at sides of base, where it appears substrigose, but
is scarcely confluent, median line obliterated in front, the posterior half
smooth and shining, not impressed nor channelled. Elytra distinctly
wider than the thorax, sides nearly parallel to about the apical third,
whence they are narrowed to the separately rounded tips, serrations fine,
numerous ; coste obliterated, except the exterior one, which is distinct on
the humerus and near the middle of its length, but becomes evanescent be-
hind ; impressions deep, arranged thus : a basal bronzed rounded one on
each side of the scutellum, exterior to which is a shallower crescentic mark,
not bronzed, extending from just within the humeral prominence to the
suture. Behind this is a transverse bronzed indentation, wider externally,
reaching nearly to the suture, while still posterior to this is another less
distinct impression, which fades gradually into the cupreous area behind
it. The punctuation of the elytral disc is fairly deep and well defined,
but becomes scabrous at sides and towards the tips. Body beneath
densely punctured, except on the median area of the abdomen, which is
more shining. Prosternum lobed, hairy, without median smooth space.
Last ventral with serrulate margin, coarsely, closely punctured, tip with a
rounded emargination. Anterior tibiz with apical dilatation about as in
madi, tooth of femur indistinctly serrulate, middle tibiz slightly arcuate,
not angularly sinuate within, hind tibie straight. Length, 6.5 mm.
This species belongs in Horn’s group IV., and may be placed near
mali, from which it differs by the usually small size, contrasting colours,
i i
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 69
obliteration of the frontal chevrons and elytral coste, the non-sulcation of
the median thoracic line and by other characters. The description is
drawn up from a male; the female differs thus: last ventral broadly
triangularly emarginate, with an indication of a lobe in the bottom of the
emargination, as in chrysoe/a; however, this structure is a trifle un-
symmetrical, and may be accidental. The prosternum is more coarsely
punctured and less hairy than in the male, the anterior tibiz are not
dilated at tip, and the middle tibie are straight, while the front of
the head is entirely cupreous.
The name refers to the tribe of Indians inhabiting the neighbourhood
from which the beetle came. The type was taken with two other slightly
smaller specimens, by beating desert shrubs near Independence, in
Owen’s Valley, California, during the month of July. A female from
Williams, Arizona, is somewhat more strongly sculptured, and the under
side of the body is bluish.
AGRILUS, Steph.
The species described below seem to be well marked and easily
recognizable, and thus worth describing separately. It is probable that
the impetus given to the study of the genus through Dr. Horn’s
monograph will result in the detection of a number of undescribed forms.
A, pinalicus, n. sp. —Rather more robust and less narrowed behind
than usual. Head, thorax and scutellum blue-black; elytra metallic
green, with a dark sutural stripe. Antenne short, blackish, serrations
beginning on the fourth joint. Front of head deeply and_ broadly
channelled, the sulcus extending from the occiput on to the clypeus, the
bottom clothed with close, snow-white pubescence; surface of head
granulate behind the eyes, the remainder, where visible, transversely
rugose. Thorax broader than long, wider in front of the middle margin,
sinuous in lateral view ; surface somewhat irregularly convex, closely
strigose, the strigz transverse in front, oblique near the base and over
most of the disc, longitudinal near the sides ; median line fine, distinct
near the base, interrupted about the middle; sides slightly arcuate,
sinuate near the base, hind angles nearly rectangular, not carinate, front
angles with a longitudinal spot of white pubescence, which diverges
a little from the margin posteriorly and does not reach the middle of its
length. Scutellum rough, not carinate. Elytra with the sides sinuate,
apices separately rounded, margin serrulate posteriorly, surface granulate,
a snow-white spot of pubescence on each side near the scutellum, which
70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
may possibly extend at times down the dark sutural space described
above, as this region shows evidence of scales in places ; costa obliterated.
Body beneath almost entirely concealed by white pubescence, the ex-
posed portions imbricate-punctate, the abdomen more finely so. Last
ventral serrate at sides. Pygidium with a projecting carina, which
is truncate at tip. Legs sparsely pubescent. Length, 9 mm.
The type is a female taken in October at Parker’s Well, on the
eastern side of the Organ Mountains, New Mexico, by Theo. D. A.
Cockerell. and bears his number, 5295. Another specimen which I
collected during June, in the Pinal Mountains, Arizona, differs in colour,
the head being cupreous, the elytra red-bronze with green sutural space.
The under side of the body and the legs are also brightly bronzed,
the pleura and margins of the ventral segments darker. In other respects
the two correspond.
This beetle belongs near Agri/us audax, Horn, but differs in having
a non-carinate scutellum and by the arrangement of the pubescence. The
claws are sharply and strongly toothed beyond the middle, the inner
division not notably inflexed.
A, mercurius, n. sp.—-Rather robust, olivaceous bronze ; elytra and
thorax vittate with white pubescence. Head coarsely and confluently
punctured, front covered with rather long white hairs, median line faint.
Antenne passing the middle of tne thorax, serrate from the fifth joint.
Thorax broader than long, sides arcuate, but less so than in d/andus,
sinuate in front of the hind angles, which are not carinate, disc gibbous, a
faint depression posteriorly in place of the median line, surface coarsely,
densely punctate, forming more or less distinct concentric strige, which
are stronger anteriorly, margin sinuous in profile ; on each side is a large
spot of white pubescence, beginning at the anterior angle and extending
to behind the middle, this spot confluent above with a longitudinal stripe
of the same colour, which extends from a point on the thoracic disc op-
posite the apex of the gibbosity to base, where it meets the elytral vitta.
Scutellum not carinate. Elytra not covering the sides and tip of abdomen,
coarsely scabro-punctate, not costate, margin serrulate posteriorly, apices
obtuse, disc of each elytron with a vitta of perfectly white pubescence ex-
tending from base, where it is confluent with the corresponding thoracic
stripe, to the apex. Pygidium with a fine carina, which does not project.
Prosternal lobe well developed, with a broad, slightly indented, rounded
emargination on front margin, prosternum densely clothed with white
a
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Al
hairs ; the prosternal, mesosternal and metasternal side pieces are densely
pubescent with white, as is also the vertical portion of the ventral segments.
there being in addition a row of four rounded spots of the same colour and
nature on each side of the abdominal region. ‘The visible portions of the
under surface are distinctly imbricately punctate. Claws with a rather
broad, sharp tooth, which is not notably inflexed. Length, 6 mm.
Allied to A. dlandus, Horn, from which the gibbous pronotum and
non-carinate scutellum will separate it. It rather closely approaches A.
gibbicollis, Fall, but may be distinguished by the emarginate prosternum,
non-carinate thoracic angles, and presumably by the ornamentation, as
Fall makes no mention of discal thoracic vittee, nor of lateral abdominal
spots inside of the vertical stripe.
The type was taken by myself at Deming, New Mexico, August 18,
and is apparently a male. The first and second ventrals are vaguely
longitudinally impressed at middle.
EuGastrRa, Lec.
In describing a species under the above generic caption, I do
not wish to be understood as favoring the separation of Hugastra from
Lachnosterna because of any supposed great structural differences. I am
merely following the example of Mr. Bates, who, in the Biologia Centrali-
Americana, expresses the opinion that on account of the unwieldy size of
the old genus Zachnosterna, it is advisable to retain certain names
to indicate more or less well-defined groups, which may eventually be
limited in some more satisfactory manner than is possible at present.
E. epigea, n. sp.—Subovate, obtuse behind, convex, nearly black,
slightly shining. Clypeus barely perceptibly emarginate in front in
the male, more distinctly so in the female, densely, deeply and coarsely
punctured, margin reflexed ; front punctured like the clypeus, occiput less
strongly. Thorax about one-half broader than long, widest about the
middle, which is rather sharply rounded, almost subangulate ; margin
coarsely serrate, sparsely fimbriate ; surface coarsely, somewhat deeply
punctured, densely in the neighbourhood of the anterior angles, more
sparsely and irregularly on the disc, where smooth spaces are left ; median
line obliterated. Scutellum shorter in the female than in the male,
subtriangular in the latter sex, a few large serial punctures along the sides.
Elytra with basal margin a little elevated on each side of the scutellum,
form broadly oval, surface even, not sulcate or costate, except that the
longitudinal line on each side of the suture is well marked ; disc with
Ter THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
rather large, deep, coarse punctures, which are separated by about their
own diameters, but become finer and shallower at sides and towards the
tip. Pygidium alutaceous, not distinctly punctured, though large, sparsely
placed, shallow punctures are indistinctly indicated. Sterna coarsely,
not very closely, punctate; metasternal hairs extremely short and sparse.
Abdomen rather indistinctly and much more finely punctured. Legs
stout, claws arcuate. Length, 12.5-14 mm.
Male: Body winged. Antennal club shorter than the funiculus.
Abdomen broadly, vaguely impressed at middle. Spurs of posterior
tibie slender, curved, free; hind tarsi slender, much lenger than the
tibiz. Claws not or barely perceptibly toothed.
Female: Body apterous. Antennal club a little smaller. Abdomen
more convex, without median impression. Posterior tibial spurs broader;
hind tarsi shorter than in the male. All of the claws are toothed,
the tooth being short, sharp and erect, nearer the base than the apex.
This insect occurs occasionally, crawling on the ground, at Del Rio,
Alpine and Marfa, Texas, during June, July and August. It belongs near
E. cribrosa, Lec., but is distinct by numerous characters.
OLoGLyptus, Lacordaire.
It is well known that our common O/og/yptus anastomosis, Say, varies
considerably in size and outline, as well as in the distinctness of the elytral
coste. Besidesa considerable series of that insect from Kansas, Colorado,
Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, I have in my cabinet another species
which seems to be quite different from any of the Mexican forms described
by Champion in the Biologia Centrali-Americana. It may be recognized
by the characters noted below.
O. Texanus, n. sp).—Blackish, covered with yellowish scales. Rather
elongate, somewhat flattened above. Head covered with yellowish scales,
which completely conceal the sculpture, antenna much heavier than in O.
anastomosis. ‘Thorax transverse, broadest at about the middle, dise con-
vex, bifoveate, a fine distinct median carina, which is bifurcate at base,
lateral margin thickened, explanate, and rather widely reflexed; the
anterior margin is deeply emarginate, the base slightly bisinuate,
sides very strongly rounded, more suddenly so posteriorly, a strong
constriction in front of the hind angles, which are distinctly acute
and rather prominent; front angles acute, feebly rounded. Elytra
about as wide as the broadest part of the thorax, almost parallel to
a point about one-third from the tip, thence suddenly sinuately narrowed,
tli”
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. | 13
apices conjointly rounded. ‘The suture is elevated posteriorly, cost three
in number, arranged thus: first nearly straight, parallel to the suture,
reaching the base but abbreviated at apex; second parallel to the first,
slightly shorter at each end; third forming an overhanging margin to
elytron, until it reaches a point just beyond the tip of the second, when it
curves in and becomes discal, but fades out before attaining the elytral
apex. None of the costz are confluent at any point. Body beneath with
large scale-bearing punctures, distant on the abdomen, but more approxi-
mate on the thoracic segments. Legs densely scaly and comparatively
stouter than in azastomosis. Length, 9 mm.
This beetle can be separated from O. anastomosis at a glance, the
thoracic characters alone being amply sufficient for its differentiation, while
the elytra are unlike those of the former species in shape as well as in
ornamentation. From the antenne alone, one might doubt the propriety
of the generic reference, but the deflexed apex of the prosternum excludes
the insect from Astrofus. The type was taken in Cameron County, Texas,
during the month of September, by Frank B. Armstrong.
Pyrora, Lec.
Several years ago I received specimens of a beetle belonging to the
above genus, which, by its antennal characters, approaches Cantharis,
recalling in its general appearance C. d/gutatta, though, of course, not to
a deceptive degree. After a study of the material, I concluded that the
species was undescribed, and wrote to Dr. Geo. H. Horn, asking
his opinion. ‘This coincided with my own, and as the insect seems
to have been taken in some abundance, and is probably represented
in numerous collections, I propose to name it after the State in which it
occurs.
P. Dakotana, v. sp.—Elongate, head and thorax shining, elytra
much less so. Above yellow, thorax with two small blackish discal spots,
one on each side of the middle line ; elytra each with a narrow, nearly
straight longitudinal blackish stripe, which does not reach the apex nor
the base, and is somewhat more distant from the suture than from
the lateral margin. Head yellow, sparsely, irregularly and rather coarsely
punctured ; sides behind the eyes almost exactly parallel for a short
distance ; hind angles broadly rounded. Antenne shorter and stouter
than usual, blackish, first joint paler at base, third joint longer than the
fourth. Palpi blackish. Thorax campanulate, widest behind the middle,
sides rounded, less so anteriorly, where they are rapidly convergent; basal
74 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
margin elevated ; disc irregularly punctate, a rather large fovea in front of
the scutellum. Scutellum yellow. Elytra distinctly scabrous, subopaque
to the naked eye, shining under a lens, finely sparsely pubescent ; coste
faintly indicated. Body beneath alutaceous, very finely scabrous, the
meso- and metathoracic regions rougher than the rest. Legs yellow,
knees, tips of tibie and tarsi blackish. Length, 10 to 12 mm.
Eight specimens are before me, all taken at Pierre, South Dakota, by
the late P. C. Truman. ‘The principal variation in markings consists of a
tendency to loss of the elytral stripe, although one strongly-developed
specimen, with the vitta well marked, has the suture dark for the greater
part of its length. The under surface of the body is always more or less
blackish, sometimes almost entirely so except the prothoracic region, which
remains yellow. In one case, the anterior tibiz are blackish to base. By
the form of the head, this insect is allied to P. éwsu/ata and P. Germari,
being close to the latter in several respects, but Dakotana has shorter and
thicker antennz. The style of ornamentation and the opacity of the
elytra will at once distinguish it from 47/ineata. The maxillary palpi are
not deformed in the male, the last joint being but slightly modified.
MY LAST REPLY TO MAJOR’ CASEY:
BY FE. WASMANN, S. J.,. LUXEMBURG.
In Dr. David Sharp’s “ Zoological Record, Insects,” 1go1, I find in
the list of my publications of that year, under the title, 1449, “On some
genera of Staphylinide described by Thos. L. Casey,” the following note :
“ Casey replies to this, 1. ¢., pp. 312, 313.”
As I do not receive American journals here, I tried to get the
respective nos. of the CANADIAN Envromo.ocisr from one of my friends.
Being informed now of the contents of Major Casey’s “reply,” I
understand why he did not send it to me, although I had sent him a copy
of my critic paper “On some genera of Staphylinide” already, Nov.
2nd, 1got.
The manner in which Major Casey has treated our scientific
controversy differs far from my own in the article cited above
(Canab. Entom., Sept., 1901, p. 249-252). In an angry tone he
reproaches me of ‘‘disingenuousness,” ‘ narrow-mindedness,” etc.; he
even tries to misinterpret my own personal correspondence with him
in a Way quite new in scientific discussion,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. (es
The psychological connection of my cards written to Major Casey,
from March to June, 1gor, is very simple, and I wonder why Major
Casey did not find it out himself. The paper containing his new note on
the genera Homeusa, Myrmobiota and Soliusa was entitled “‘ Review of
the American Corylophide, Cryptophagide, Tritomide and Dermistide,
with other studies,” comprising 121 pages. I informed him on March
5th of the receipt of this paper, without suspecting that it contained
something about Homeusa and Myrmobiota. Only myrmocophilous
genera being of special interest for me, I did not examine more closely
Major Casey’s ample paper on Corylophide, etc.; therefore, when I
asked Major Casey again (June ist) to send me his last paper, where he
explained the differences of Homeusa and Ayrmobiota, it was not
necessary for him to send me a second copy of his paper on Corylophide,
etc., but he might have simply informed me that the paper in question was
pp. 53-55 of his study on Corylophide. Instead of falling on this
very simple explanation of the appearing contradiction in my cards, Major
Casey has given thema rather injurious interpretation, which I much regret
for Major Casey’s own sake.
ARATUS LUTEOLUS, N. 2
Hypopygium 5-dentate, or with 5 spines.
Clypeus produced and anteriorly truncate or subarcuate, wzth a
short, stout tooth or elevation at the basal lateral angles, near
the base of the eyes.. ets Cae -
Clypeus anteriorly not Faunch akoducetl rounded wish a tooth
at the basal lateral angles......... uy
. Abdomen fusiform or ovate, not lores dieser ties head hal oka:
united, the segments constricted at the sutures ; segments 2-3, or
more, with yellow or yellowish-white spots ; first ventral segment
with a triangular tooth or elevation near the middle, the sixth w#th
a tooth at the apical angle ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi
4-jomted. (Australia).................. 722) Deyn
(Type T. dentatus, Fabr.)
Abdomen longer than the head and thorax united, the sides nearly
parallel, the segments more or Jess constricted at the sutures, black,
immaculate, the first and sixth ventral segments normal, unarmed ;
maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the joints short; labial palpi 4-jointed.
(Atstraliat) yates 22 ACs aoe . Thynnidea, Ashm., gen. nov.
(T ae Thynnus fenieomie Westw.)
Metathorax with a median tooth at apex ; abdomen longer than the
head and thorax united, cylindrical, the sides parallel, the segments
constricted at apex, immaculate ; maxillary and labial palpi both
4-jointed. (Australia)...................Iswaroides, Ashmead.
(Type I. Koebelei, Ashm.)
Marginal cell at apex pointed or slightly rounded, but ever truncate;
second cubital cell not triangular......... : ae sap
Marginal cell at apex truncate ; second cabal oon Give
Clypeus with a median emargination anteriorly ; maxillary and
labial palpi both 3-jointed. (India) ......Iswara, Westwood.
(Type I. luteus, Westw.)
Hypopygium not narrow, in outline triangular, 3-dentate, the middle
tooth large, triangular, projecting far ati: the lateral teeth, which
are usually small . aoe sew so epee
Hypopygium quite aiterenns rapea narrower ar apineee as wide
or nearly at apex as at base, the sides parallel or nearly, the apex
usually briefly tridentate or trilobed, the teeth or lobes equal or
nearly, the middle tooth very rarely much longer than the lateral
e114 | i PrP
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 99
8. Clypeus produced anteriorly and entirely covering the labrum, or the
latter only slightly visible . 8 Se es, On
Clypeus not so produced, the disk thickened, convex, the labrum
usually large and distinctly visible, rarely partly concealed.
Head with a prominence above the insertion of the antennz and
connected with the clypeus by a carina ; antennz of moderate
length ; fifth ventral segment wt a tooth at each apical angle;
pygidium subtriangular, broader at base than long, and longi-
tudinally striated; maxillary palpi 6-jointed; labial palpi
4-jointed. (Australia)...... Zaspilothynnus, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Thynnus Leachiellus, Westw. )
Head anteriorly with two prominences, beneath which are in-
serted the antenne; antenne very long; fifth ventral segment
without a tooth at the apical angles.
[Je US) i] 2) Saale So a eae bs Tachynomyia, Guérin.
(lype Agriomyia spinole, Guér.)
g. Clypeus trapezoidal, truncate anteriorly.
Maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the middie joints the longest ; labial
palpi 4-jointed, the first joint the shortest, z7thout a tuft of
hairs at apex, joints 2-4 longer, nearly equal in
fenoth: (Australia) .s5..ce 2)... Lhynnoides, Guénm:
(Type T. fulvipes, Guér.)
Maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the three last joints very long, much
longer and slenderer than the basal joints; labial palpi
4-jointed, the first very long, nearly as long as joints 2—4 united,
with a tuft of very long hairs at
Bpexs) i (Atistkalia eee a: of: Pseudaelurus, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Aelurus abdominalis, Guérin.)
10. Clypeus anteriorly truncate or very slightly arcuate, never emarginate;
pygidium neither carinate at sides nor truncate at apex........1T.
Clypeus anteriorly broadly, shallowly semicircularly emarginate, con-
cave or excised ; pygidium squarely truncate at apex and usually
carinate at sides, the apical lateral angles acute.............. iain
11. Pygidium at apex rounded, without a median incision or emargina-
HOM Ne) ho ; BPRS coe vos setae Gotc a k 2s
Pygidium at apex rounded, but wt a median incision or emargination.
Abdomen fusiform, maculate; hypopygium with the sides strongly
rounded or arcuate, and ending in a rather long spine, which is
100 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
oe —<—$—$ _—___——=
more than three times as long as thick at base; maxillary
palpi 6-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed.
(Australia) (sso a) cada... ose os os Catog he ieee
(Type C. Kiugii, Guér.)
12, Clypeus produced anteriorly, trapezoidal, the front margin squarely
truncate and overlapping the mandibles, the labrum invisible ;
abdomen not smooth, more or less punctate..............-..13.
Clypeus very similar but not so much produced inceean ee man-
dibles wholly exposed, the labrum more or less visible ; abdomen
smooth, shining, or at most with fine, microscopic lines.
Labrum narrowly transverse or arcuate, not bilobed; hypo-
pygium ending in an acute spine, the lateral margins slightly
arcuate, the basal angles with usually a slight lobe, but not
acute enough to be considered a tooth ; mandibles bidentate,
the outer tooth the longer and larger; maxillary palpi 6-jointed,
the three last joints much slenderer than the preceding joints,
the last joint not longer than the penultimate ; labial palpi
A-JOINGE” ooo. se ek he eles oe es « 2 Veo nares
(Type Tiphia pedestris, Fabr.)
Labrum bilobed ; hypopygium ending in a spine which curves
slightly upwards, the lateral margins almost straight.
Maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the last joint longer than the pe-
nultimate ; labial palpi 4-jointed.
(Australia)-. 10. .:......--Guérinius, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Thynnus flavilabris, Guér.)
13. First ventral segment wzarmed. . siole's Lisle ie Shi hbc seater
First ventral segment armed vith a egiens pailian tooth. ’
Head more than twice as wide as thick antero-posteriorly ;
abdomen maculate ; maxillary palpi
G-jaimted |. A sspwajeee os ee eke be wie agenle 2 ne
(Type A. maculata, Guérin.)
14. Abdomen ovate, maculate, the hypopygium oval, ending in a short
spine ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the three last joints longer than
the first three ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the joints
short. ....040.e+ ean -eaee--- Cephalothynnus, Ashman ssememmaie
(Type Thynnus odyneroides, Westw.)
Abdomen fusiform, longer than the head and thorax united, the hypo-
pygium triangularly pointed, the sides only slightly arcuate ;
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 101
maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the second and the last joint longer than
joints 3-5 ; labial palpi 4-jointed,
SEGRE SIE eth Gian ikea caes oe > ELOMIth nus, Ashm:,/gen. nov.
(Type Thynnus hyalinatus, Westw.)
15. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed, long, the joints, except the first, which 1s
very short, long, subequal, the last joint the slenderest and a little
the longest ; labial palpi 5-jointed. (South
PUDEIICA) 0 cn. pebianaiite 2.» > «2. Mlaphroptera, Guérin.
(Type Miyrmceaae: dimidiatus, Hal.
16. Hypopygium ending in three smali, equal or nearly equal, triangular
teeth, rarely with the middle tooth much longer than the lateral, or
SITE a8 wee Pe es ole MER Matis ye
Hypopygium ending in fee dina, Canal otnded lobes! Cee HO)
17. Clypeus subproduced and anteriorly emarginate, excised or
bidentate <2... SE PRES Ot rma Eee ae gar wens ite:
Clypeus produced, mabienoiddly ne anterior margin truncate, never
emarginate or excised.
Abdomen elongate, subcylindrical, smooth, shining, spotted with
yellow, much longer than the head and thorax united ; first
joint of flagellum only about half the length of the second ;
hypopygium at apex 3-spined, the middle spine the
longest. (Australia)........Aeolothynnus, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type A. multiguttatus, Ashm.)
18, Abdomen oblong-oval or fusiform, longer than the head and thorax
united, the segments banded or maculate with white or
yellow. (South America)....Pseudelaphroptera, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Elaphroptera Spinolze, Sauss.)
19. Clypeus broadly, semicircularly emarginate anteriorly, leaving a deep
concave space ; metathorax with two deep impressions or short
furrows at apex; maxillary palpi long, 5-jointed, the first joint
short ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed; abdomen elongate, narrowed
towards base, shining, but microscopically shagreened.
(South America).................Pycnothynnus, Ashm., g. nov.
(Type Elaphroptera atra, Guér.
20. Third cubital cell, along the cubitus, shorter than the second or no
longer . a3 ds tiniarsiewee.ye. 21.
Third outbid all cistencily, ishigen chia He seeded SG 8 ee.
102 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
21. Clypeus subproduced, with a slight median sinus or incision anteriorly,
the labrum well developed ; maxillary palpi 5-jointed ; labial palpi
4-jointed. (Australia)...................-Anthobosea, Guérin.
(Type A. Australasiz, Guér,
22. Mandibles narrower, curved, the teeth acute ; abdomen oblong, fusi-
form or sicuee as long or longer than the head and thorax
united . 0. GREASE Pets Fo: eee 2.
Mandibles “eaeet the apical tooth large, obtuse, the inner tooth h with
a long cutting face ; abdomen oval, hardly as long as the thorax or
no longer.
Head about twice as wide as thick antero-posteriorly, not wider
than the thorax; pronotum short, transverse ; mesonotum
fully as wide as long, with two furrows ; metathorax short,
rounded behind..........., 2.5... <2 + Dy S@mna ene
(Type A. Latreillei, Westw.)
23. First transverse cubitus zwzth an appendage.. -.... «J. «sees
First transverse cubitus wthout an appendage.
Abdomen long, cylindrical, the first segment much longer than
wide at apex, petioliform. (South
America) ............-.++,...+KiUg1anUs, Asin seme,
(Type Thynnus haematodes, Klug.)
24. Clypeus produced and anteriorly broadly truncate, trapezoidal... . 25.
Clypeus anteriorly not broadly truncate, slightly rounded, subemar-
ginate, deeply triangularly emarginate, or bidentate......... 26.
25. Clypeus zwzth a median carina; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, slender ;
labial palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen rmaculate or fasciate with
yellow: (Australia)... 0822: 2 pe .Zeleboria, Saussure.
(T ype ‘Dhaene carinatus, Smith.)
Clypeus wéthout a median carina; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, not
slender ; labial palpi 4-jointed ; abdomen with white spots, the
hypopygium near the tip with a pointed and a clavate appendage
of hairs... .......05.+.000.... PSammothynnus, AShiaaseeneioN.
(Type Thynnus depressus, Westw.)
26. Hypopygium zo¢ prominently projecting, always obtuse or truncate at
Beer. Ak tas. eee imac ah ‘Yose ay.
Hypopygium much nankoweel acon cohen at apex, feed
prominently projecting beyond the tip of the abdomen,
af
ae
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 103
Clypeus anteriorly subtriangularly emarginate or tridentate ;
maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the first joint short, the following
joints longer, subequal ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint
shorter than the znd and 3rd united; abdomen spotted.
(South America) ............Spilothynnus, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Thynnus laetus, Klug.)
27. Clypeus anteriorly i ane sally emarginate or
tridentate 5... .):. ahs cee ease) 2Oe
Clypeus anteriorly rounded not emarginate.
Abdomen fusiform, a little longer than the head and thorax
united, maculate or fasciate ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the
last three joints much longer than the first three, or twice as
long; labial palpi 4-jointed, joints r and 4 longer and slenderer
than 2 and 3, which are short, stout. (South
FMRCHIGA 24-1) Winters. plates. Pee Anodontyra, Westwood.)
(Type A. tricolor, Westw.)
28. Clypeus anteriorly subemarginate; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, joints 1-3
rather short, joints 4-6 long, subequal, five or six times longer than
thick ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the first joint Jong and slender, about
as long as 2—4 united ; abdomen fasciate. (South America.)
Clypeus anteriorly bidentate ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the joints
obconical, unequal, the first four short, the third and fourth much
longer than the second. (South America)... ..Ornepetes, Guerin.
(Type O. nigriceps, Gueér.)
29. Pygidium not very narrow, oblong, rounded at apex, usually shagreened,
punctate, rugulose or striate; if smooth, which is rare, it is curiously
modified, compressed towards base and broadened into an elevation
posteriorly ; basal segment of abdomen wzthout a strongly curved
furrow on each side or a strong transverse furrow before the apex.. 30.
Pygidium very narrow, smooth and shining; basal abdominal segment
with a strongly curved furrow on each side, or a deep, transverse
furrow before apex.
Basal abdominal segment with a strongly curved furrow on each
side ; second segment with about three transverse folds or
carine ; pygidium with two pencils of long golden hairs that
curve and meet above the narrow elevation on
its disk. Met ne kites .. Thynnus, Fabricius.
Basal epdemina pea with a strong transverse furrow just
before apex ; second segment with three transverse folds or
104 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
carine ; pygidium long, lanceolate, broadest at apex, without
the two pencils of golden hairs...........Thynnidea, Ashm.
30. Head seen from above of triangular, usually transverse, subquadrate
or obtrapezoidal ....)2 050.0. 2. 0. Ye
Head seen from above triangular.
Eyes small, oval, extending to base of mandibles ; clypeus very
short, truncate ; mandibles falcate, pointed at apex ; maxillary
palpi 4-jointed ; labial palpi 3-jointed; second segment of
abdomen with two transverse folds or carina towards
APOX:. oe ce wc te ee ne tae gine. on en
31. Pronotum vot quadrate, obtrapezoidal, or wider in front than behind..33.
Pronotum quadrate, usually, however, a little wider than long, but not
wider in front than behind.
Head not or scarcely wider than the thorax, the latter not
especially. narrow’... i. : <.2'e)s. ws les as ee ae
Head much wider fee the ee thle latter bane very narrow,
with the sides parallel ; dorsal abdominal segments 1 and 2
strongly transversely furrowed ; pygidium oval or nearly and
longitudinally striate..............-...>Catecheilis.iogernn.
32. Clypeus slightly produced, truncate anteriorly, the labrum visible as
a narrow transverse line, ciliate; mandibles narrow, acute at apex ;
maxilary palpi 6- ‘jointed, not cae labial palpi 4-jointed.
(Australia) o2 20.2 Dee ee Dea oes oe 0 eee OE
(Type E. bicolor, Westw.)
Clypeus short, broadly truncate anteriorly, but the labrum not visible ;
mandibles falcate, rounded at apex; maxillary and labial palpi both
4-jointed ; first abdominal segment with a broad, finely shagreened
depression at apex, the second segment with two transverse carine,
the intermedian space between the carine shagreened, opaque ;
pygidium narrowly compressed towards apex and then abruptly
dilated ortrumpetshaped....2...4. 2. an seen Spilothynnus, Ashm.
33. Head large, obtrapezoidal, subquadrate or subglobose, the temples or
the space back of the eyes very broad, wéthout furrows or impres-
sions extending from the antenne to the vertex..............34.
Head transverse, much wider than thick antero-posteriorly, the
temples not especially broad, wtt sometimes two furrows or
lipressions extending from antenne to vertex...............41.
———e
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 105
34. Head subquadrate or suibglobose....... Saran ar. GIGS
Head large, obtrapezoidal, the seine ldé abidoamially Breath
Abdomen oblong oval, the second dorsal segment with three or
four transverse folds or carinze; pygidium long oval, longi-
tudinally striate; labrum longly ciliated; maxillary palpi minute,
2-jointed ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the last joint as long as joints
1-3 united. (Australia.). .........Cephalothynnus, Ashm.
35. Head subquadrate or subglobose, the hind angles rounded, the
temples about four times the width of the eye. atte ts n3G:
Head almost quadrate, only a little wider than eRe he eaiples only
about twice the width of the eye.
Abdomen large, oblong-oval, the second dorsal segment with
about five transverse carinz ; pygidium long, ellipzoidal, very
slightly narrowed at the middle and longitudinally striate ;
labrum hardly visible, ciliate; maxillary palpi minute, 2-jointed;
labial palpi short, 3-jointed, the second as the longest and
thickest. ae A Re neta ae Seen, ara (Pi yeaa CAS ELEN:
36. Metathorax Sith fi disk of iis oblique truncation flat but not
BGMGHVE sh. 4. :- 5 ; ene ee Daye
Meiathorax with the disk of the Apiahe truncation concave or Baa:
concave.
Abdomen large, oblong-oval, the second dorsal segment coarsely
rugulose,with two transverse folds or caring at apex; pygidium
longitudinally rugulose ..............Elaphroptera, Guérin.
37. Metathorax without a hump-like elevation at base just behind the
SEGtEMUMY .2 -s.'2"- eeates eee setae y Ape 2238.
Metathorax with a eee like elevation at eee just band the
scutellum.
Second abdominal segment with a transverse fold or carina near
base and another. near apex, the intermediate space very
coarsely rugulose; pygidium oblong-oval, finely, longitudinally
aciculated towards apex ............. Pycnothynnus, Ashm.
38. Metathorax obliquely truncate from the base, without a distinct
metanotum.. .... Sas sy gS Actos aig a Os
Metathorax Bs a short ues ALGae: metanotum, trapezoidal, the
truncation abrupt, perpendicular ; abdomen with a depression near
apex and a delicate transverse carina just before apex; the
depression finely coriaceous ; second segment with a depression
106 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
from the middle which is rugulose ; pygidium oblong-oval, rugulose
towards base; mandibles with a sinus before apex, appearing
DIGEntate: sates EX patter cack: .. Anodontyra, Westwood.
39. Clypeus Mange a trace A a Pediat: carina, the anterior margin
LEW Cave ier amet ene ; 256 0") 0h6, Sie 0's etn kel ee amr
Clypeus zwzth a more or ness iistine! median carina, the anterior
margin subangularly produced.
Pygidium oblong-oval, longitudinally striate, and with a lobe or
tooth on each side before the apex ; first abdominal segment
with traces of transverse carina or elevated lines at apex, the
second segment with many transverse folds or carinz, 17 or
more ; metathorax sloping from its
base... sss. ss sees cee ss Myrmecodes, Tatremien ema
40. Pygidium abigan) ithe a more or less elongate, lanceolate elevation
on its disk gradually broadened posteriorly, the elevation with
some longitudinai lines towards base, smooth at apex; first
abdominal segment with a depression at apex, the second segment
with five transverse folds or carine, metathorax sloping from a little
beyond its base, leaving a short but distinct
TIVE GAO LULIMIE ofc tee Peet nore 02> on ede eee .. Thynnoides, Guérin.
41. Pygidium very narrow, or sfeanaly camuteceea ‘towanlh base, with an
elevation towards apex . st taal tae ee Me ee
Pygidium neither very narrow nor Coriereeed toward tae without
an elevation or disk, above flat or subconvex, striate, punctate or
TUGGIOSE wis os «6.00 5 6 ahaa
42. Head about twice as w ices as cael antero- Gcpodietionte or three times as
wide as thick when viewed from above.
Second dorsal abdominal segment with three or more transverse
folds or carine. be ad oa et eis oyna whe fe oe 43.
Second dorsal pera es only ove transverse carina just before
apex, the anteriorly portion rudely
punctate... .............Psammothynnus, Ashm.; gen, nov,
43. Second abdominal segment with amy transverse folds or carine. . 44.
Second abdominal segment with three transverse folds or carine.
Pygidium elongate, smooth, the hypopygium with two converging
Carinaat bases a. sees ae ee .Zelaboria, Saussure.
ebyne Thyanis carinatus, Smith.)
44. Second abdominal segment with 20 or more transverse carinz, the
first segment with a transverse furrow just before apex, the third and
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 107
following segments smooth ; head with a concave depression above
each antenna that extends to the vertex; pygidium strongly com-
pressed at the middle, and then broadened into an oval plate, the
basal portion, which is separated from the oval apical portion by
the strongly compressed portion, is transversely striated, while the
apical portion is smooth.................Zaspilothynnus, Ashm.
Second abdominal segment with about 13 or 14 transverse carine, the
first segment with many oblique strize at the sides towards apex, the
following segments after the second shining but microscopically
shagreened, with a few scattered feeble punctures, especially notice-
able on apex of the two last segments; pygidium compressed
basally, dilated apically, but with an emargination on each side at
apex, smooth and wéthout transverse strive at
TESCO es Pode. bn cen ee seu oe os Pachynomyia, Guerin.
Meemelymeus gect/out a median T1dgE. 4s. face's ee ce ee em te ee 1 40.
Clypeus wth a median ridge.
Pygidium not very narrow, deflexed apically, longitudinally
striated, and with a tooth or lobe at each side towards the
base ; mandibles broad and flat, obtuse at apex, with a longi-
tudinal grooved line along the inner margin and another along
the outer margin for a little more than half
them -lenethh sees: Lad = 2/8). 25 31-22. Miyrmecodes Latreille.
(Type Tiphia pedestris, Fabr.)
46. Head wzthout convex impressions extending from the antenne to ver-
tex, subopaque; clypeus transversely narrowed, with a slight median
tooth anteriorly ; mandibles long, falcate ; second dorsal abdominal
segment with a transverse carina near base and another near apex,
the intermediate space multistriated transversely; pygidium oblong-
oval, longitudinaily striated with a notch on each side before apex ;
maxillary palpi 3-jointed ; labial palpi
Pole Ge art ter tase oak Sa ee, DELOMItRyN nus, Ashmead,
Head with two convex impressions extending from the antenne to
the apex; clypeus transversely narrowed, with a slight median
sinus anteriorly ; mandibles, falcate, acute ; pygidium strongly com-
pressed at sides just before the apex, then dilated, and as seen from
behind appearing as an oval elevation more or less transversely
aciculated, rarely smooth.................--Agriomyia, Guérin.
10S THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
A FEW LAST WORDS TO DR. WASMANN:
BY THOS.. L..CASEX, (ST. LOUIS, MOi
I have read with some interest Dr. Wasmann’s “ Last Reply” in the
March number of this journal (page 74), and hasten to say that I was by no
means “angry” when I wrote the answer referred to. I was only pained
to think that a man of Dr. Wasmann’s eminence in the scientific world
would stoop to send to a colleague a specimen without marks of any kind
for identification, in order to have him commit himself to an opinion when
deprived of the subtle influence of at least a locality label.
I feel sure that upon reflection Dr. Wasmann will not hold me
responsible for his failure to glance over the matter referred to in my
paper, which, the heading stated, comprised other studies besides the
revision of Corylophide, etc., or for my being at a loss to understand the
correspondence in the light of current events.
I did not send Dr. Wasmann a copy of my reply, because, as he had
used this journal as a vehicle of publication, 1 supposed that he was
accustomed to reading it regularly. Not a single copy of my “extras’”’ has
been sent out to anyone, it seeming preferable to me that the article in
question should be known only within the sphere of circulation of the
journal in which his original article and my reply appeared. Dr.
Wasmann has evidently misinterpreted the motive of my failure to send
him a copy, and I therefore make this explanation.
If I went too far in misconstruing Dr. Wasmann’s actions in this
matter, which is not very momentous from any point of view, it will give
me pleasure to retract whatever may have wronged him. Our entomo-
logical friends have the full history of the issue, and can form their own
conclusion.
A PRESENT: TO: THE SOCIETY:
The Entomological Society of Ontario has been kindly remembered
by Messrs. J. and H. Comstock, Evanston, IIl., in a contribution to its
collection of a number of butterflies taken by themselves in a trip through
Colorado during the season of 1902. Carefully done up in papers, named
and dated, with the localities in which they were taken, these specimens
are of special interest as representing much-discussed forms of that famous
locality, which hitherto have been known to us only by name.
J. Atston Morrat, Curator.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 109
NOTE ON DEILEPHILA GALII, ROTT.
Mr. Percy B. Gregson, of Blackfalds, Alta., sends a painting, made by
Mr. I. C. Clare, of Edmonton, of the larva of Detlephila galii, Rottem-
burg. Mr. Gregson writes that these large larvae are a luscious treat for
prairie chickens in early autumn, and are quite often found entire, although,
of course, dead, in their crops. ‘These larvee in the Northwest feed on the
Giant Willowherb [Chamenerion angustifolium (L.), Scop.], and it was
from this food-plant that its more generally-known name of Chamenertt
was derived. I have read that these larve are also eaten regularly by
some tribes of Indians in California. Some years ago I examined the
contents of the crops of four prairie chickens from Western Manitoba,
and found them stuffed with the hips of the prairie rose, the leaves of the
alkali-loving Ranunculus [Oxygraphis cymbalaria (Pursh) Prantl.], and
many specimens of Chrysomela lunata, Fab. The specific name of the
insect under discussion is, I presume, merely the genitive case of Gadium,
the botanical name of the Bedstraw, one of the food-plants of the larva.
If this is the case, the usual spelling with the letter 7 doubled is a mistake,
notwithstanding that it appears so spelled in most lists. Although
properly spelled in the index of Dr. Dyar’s new list, it is in the inaccurate
form in the body of the work. I merely mention the matter, because I
find that the mistake, if it is one, occurs both in European and American
lists.—J. FLETCHER.
NOTE ON NORTH AMERICAN ATTACI.
BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, HILDESHEIM, GERMANY,
I repeat here, for the benefit of American readers, the descriptions of
two abberations, given by me originally in the pages of the Jusekten
Borse, 1902.
Samia Californica, ab. parvimacula.—The male specimen is of a
lighter red than usual, and the lunate discal spots are so reduced on all
four wings as to appear half the usual size. They are, in fact, narrow,
and only about 5 mm. in length, squarish in form. The antenne are
greatly reduced, the usual length being about 20 mm., while here they are
only about 14 to 15 mm., and the pectinations appear to be proportion-
ately reduced. The expanse is normal, about 95 mm., but at first sight
the specimen suggests a different species.
I may mention here a female, S. Cadifornica, which has the right
secondary smaller and of a peculiar translucent appearance, suggesting an
110 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
instance of retarded development. It has been elsewhere shown, in a
similar case, that the undeveloped wings present resemblances to the
pupal condition.
Telea polyphemus, ab. flava.—The colour of the female specimen is of a
rather bright ochrey yellow. The darker inner shading to the subterminal
band on primaries is wanting and this outer band itself is white. The
eye-spots are as usual and thus quite different from the Western form
oculea, Neum. In colour, Ze/ea varies from roseate to olive ochre. I
have seen a second specimen of this yellow aberration in a private
collection.
In the proceedings of the Am. Phil. Soc., Vol. xli., No. 171, I have
illustrated an instance of the spinning of a silken attachment around the
stem of the enveloping leaf in the cocoon of Ze/ea, reminding us of the
habit of Philosamia cynthia, or, even perhaps of Antherea mylitta. 1
have since found three more examples of this hitherto unnoticed habit,
among a lot of cocoons of Zé/ea, but the false stem in these instances does
not seem to have been fastened to the branch. It 1s difficult, however,
from collected material to be quite certain of the fact, and it would be in-
teresting if American collectors would observe closely the spinning
methods of Ze/ea. ‘The silken attachment looks like that of Cal/osamia
promethea, but entirely encloses the stem of the leaf.
ERRATA. M
March No., page 75, for ARaTUS read ARADUS.
In the’ Thirty-third Annual Report (1902), page 24, line 13 from the
top, for “triangle” read tangle.
Page 28, line 15 from the bottom, for ‘‘ point” read joznt.
Page 60, line 3, after “C. 72-punctatus,” read “ which has only
recently been reported as having invaded Canada, has reached London,
which would seem to indicate that it will soon prove itself to be the more
abundant and destructive species of the two.”
»
The 33rd Annual Report (1902) of the Society has been published,
and is sent by the Ontario Department of Agriculture to the members
whose subscriptions are paid up for the year 1903, and to those only.
Any subscriber who has not yet received a copy will understand the
reason why.
Mailed April Ist, 1903.
CAN, ENT., VOL. XXXV
NEW NOCTUIDS — FIGURES OF GENITALIA.
PLATE 4,
he = wanadiay ¥ntomologist
Vou. XXXV. LONDON, MAY, 1903. No. 5
NOtES ON CANADIAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS APAWN-
TESS S (ARCTIA)) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO) TEUE WAR VAs.
BY ARTHUR GIBSON, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY, CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL
FARM, OTTAWA.
This paper is not by any means intended to be a full treatment of the
species of the genus Apantes/s, occurring in Canada. There isso much yet
to be learned about many of the forms that the preparation of such an article
is still quite impossible. The intention, therefore, is merely to present the
rather incomplete notes we have made at Ottawa, with the hope that they
may be of some use to students who are, or who may become, interested in
these insects, and also that it may be seen at a glance what work has been
done on some of the species, as well as what is still lacking with regard
to others. There is considerable doubt as to the validity of some of the
species of this genus, and these doubts can only be dispelled by careful
and extensive breeding from the egg, taking accurate notes of the larvee
(in their different stages), the pupze, etc. Large series of many of the so-called
species will have to be bred before definite knowledge can be acquired.
The larvee of this genus, generally speaking, are much the same in
appearance. ‘They are usually blackish caterpillars, with spreading tufts
of black or reddish bristles. ‘Taking each species separately, they are not
difficult to study, but when one begins to compare large series of closely
related species, the task is not by any means so easy. Even among those
species which have been most studied, we do not seem to have any con-
stant characters whereby to separate the larvze, and, in view of our limited
knowledge of these creatures, a great amount of work is still to be done.
As it should not be difficult to obtain most of the moths where they occur,
it is to be hoped that local collectors will endeavour to secure eggs from
captured females, and thus provide the means for a better knowledge of
the earlier stages of these interesting insects,
In Canada there are, as far as we have been able to find out, at least
20 moths belonging to the genus Afanteszs, and specimens of all of these
12 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
have been examined by the writer. Whether some of these are really
worthy of specific rank can only be found out by breeding. Undoubtedly,
however, some which are now recognized as distinct by some students,
will, when they have been reared in numbers from the egg, be found to be
simply forms of some recognized species, and not worthy of a specific
name. Doubtless, also, some which have been buried in synonymy by
other students, will be found, when their earlier stages are sufficiently
known, to be worthy of specific recognition.
The following list covers ail forms which we know to occur in
Canada. Some of these have never been recorded from Canada before,
and it is not unlikely that other collectors may be able to add further to
this list :
t. virgo, Linn.
“var. citrinaria, Neum. & Dyar.
2. virguncula, Kirby.
3. Michabo, Grote.
“* var. mznea, Slosson.
4. parthenice, Wirby.
5. rectilinea, French,
6. Anna, Grote.
“var. persephone, Grote.
7. ornata, Packard.
“ var. achata, G. & R.
var. ochracea, Stretch.
8. arge, Drury.
9. Quenselii, Paykull, var. turbans, Cliristoph.
1c. obliterata, Stretch.
it. Dolanderi, Stretch.
12. Mevadensis, G. & R., var. encorrupta, Hy. Edw.
13. superba, Stretch.
14. Williamsti, Dodge, var. determinata, Neum.
15. phyllira, Drury.
16. Celia, Saunders.
17. figurata, Drury.
18. mats, Drury.
19. vittata, Fabricius.
20. phalerata, Harris.
The order of the species as given in Dr. Dyar’s new catalogue has
been followed.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 113
Among the Arctjans which have been sent in for examination, there
are nine specimens which we cannot satisfactorily place, and it may be
that these may prove to be undescribed. It is not advisable, we think, to
describe new species of this genus from a few specimens, even if these
seem to be fairly constant. When any of these species which are not now
very well known, come to be reared in numbers from the same batch of
eggs, doubtless many surprises will be experienced, and characters which
in the past have been regarded as important by some students, may prove
to be anything but constant. In a genus the species of which show such
a wide range of variation, great care should be exercised in arriving
at conclusions regarding new forms which may appear, and it will
only be when every species has been carefully studied from the egg that
definite knowledge can be had regarding the insects which constitute this
interesting genus of the Arctiide.
We have been endeavouring to get some idea of the distribution of the
different species, and such results as we have obtained are given below, as
well as the dates of appearance of the perfect insects.
I. VrirGo.—This species is well known as a moth, and common in
many parts of Canada, particularly so in Manitoba and east of that
Province. The mature larva is a beautiful creature, and, as might be
expected, is one of the largest of the genus. It is 55 mm. in length at
rest, 60 mm. when extended, and 8.5 mm. at widest part. In colour it is
a deep velvety black, with bunches of stout black barbed bristles from the
tubercles on the dorsum, and reddish bristles from the tubercles
on the lower portion of sides and on venter. Some specimens
are without any markings on the skin, but others have a striking dorsal
stripe, the colour varying—bright yellow, dirty whitish, or orange-yellow.
This larva also varies as to the colour of the tubercles. In three speci-
mens the writer bred, tubercle i. was black, ii. black (in one specimen
this afterwards changed to reddish), iii. black in two specimens, reddish
in one, iv., v., Vi., Vii. and vili. also varying in colour. (Can. Enrt., Vol.
XXXIV., p. 23.) Abdominal feet brownish-red. Specimens of the larve,
collected at Rosthern, Sask., by Mr. T. N. Willing, and given to Dr.
Fletcher, had all the tubercles of a bright reddish colour, the bristles being
all foxy red, or smoky, and the skin of some specimens mottled with gray.
Some examples had a creamy yellow stripe down the dorsum, and others
had this stripe broken up into a double spot on each segment,
114 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
Further examples collected at Rosthern, also by Mr. Willing, changed
to pupe on June 17, producing the imagoes on July 15. These larve
Mr. Willing says were very plentiful on Zhermopsts rhombifolia, Nutt.
Five specimens which had been killed by a fungus, and which were still
attached to the plants, were received at Ottawa, and afterwards one pupa,
with cast skin attached, and two of the bred moths were sent for examina-
tion. All the tubercles in these six specimens are distinctly reddish, and
the bristles conspicuously red, of about the same colour as those of Js/a
Tsabella, S. & A. The five dead larve all show the dorsal stripe.
Larve which the writer received from Toronto hibernated in the
penultimate stage. Specimens which Mr. D. Brainerd collected at Mont-
real moulted twice in the spring, as did also four larve found at Ottawa in
early April, by Mr. C. H. Young. From data at hand it would appear
that there is only one brood in the year. It would be interesting to rear
a large number of the larve from the egg, and note all the differences.
Distribution. Edmonton, Alta., July (F. C. Clare); Blackfalds,
Alta., July 1, 2 (P. B. Gregson); Rosthern, Sask. (T. N. Willing); Beulah,
Man. (A. J. Dennis) ; Cartwright, Man. July 15-30 (E. F.- Heath) ;
Aweme, Man., July 27 (N. Criddle) ; Winnipeg, Man., July 3-19 (A. W.
Hanham) ; Rosseau, Ont., July (A. F. Winn); Orillia, Ont., July 3-17
(C. E. Grant); London, Ont. (W. Saunders) ; Hamilton, Ont. (J. A.
Moffat) ; Grimsby, Ont., July 20 (W. Metcalfe) ; Toronto, Ont., July 15,
17 (A. Gibson) ; Port Hope, Ont. (C. J. S. Bethune) ; Trenton, Ont., July
13, 19 (J. D. Evans) ; Ottawa, Ont., June.29, July 7, 225) 5 eee
Fletcher, C. H. Young, A. E. Richard, A. Gibson) ; Rigaud, Que. (J. E.
Desrochers) ; Montreal, Que., July 19, 21, 27 (H. H. Lyman), July 6-17
(Chas. Stevenson), July (A. F. Winn); Little Metis, Que. (Winn);
Rimouski, Que. (Winn) ; St. Hilaire, Que., July 15 (Lyman); Quebec,
Que. (T. W. Fyles); Kamouraska, Que. (Winn); Bic, Que. (Winn) ;
Chicoutimi, Que., July (Winn) ; St. Tohn, N. B., June 10, July 2, 17, 21,
26 (Wm. McIntosh).
VIRGO, var. CITRINARTA.—Mr. J. A. Moffat tells me that he has bred
two specimens of this variety, which differs in having yellow secondaries,
from a batch of larve found at the same time at Hamilton, Ont.
2. VIRGUNCULA has a wide range of distribution. In Ontario it is a
common species in certain districts, but very rare in others. At Toronto
during some seasons I have found the moths exceedingly abundant. The
life-history of this Arctian was published by the writer in the CANADIAN
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. et
Entomo.ocist, Vol. XXXIII., p. 325. The mature larva is smaller than
that of virgo, measuring about 35 mm., and when extended 4o mm. ;
head black, median suture pale in some specimens, as also the lower half
of the epistoma. The skin of the body in some examples is wholly velvety
black, in others the same colour but shading to grayish black subventrally,
The tubercles are all black, the bristles being distinctly barbed, those from
the dorsal tubercles being black, while those from the subventral tubercles
are bright rust-red ; prolegs, upper portion black, lower portion reddish.
None of the larve had any markings on the skin. Specimens collected on
April 8, at Toronto, only moulted once after coming out of hibernation,
and at Montrea!, Mr. Brainerd tells me that larve which he had, moulted
only once in the spring before spinning up. From eggs laid in June we
reared moths in August, but many of the larvee which were mature (Stage
VII.), instead of changing to pupe as the others did, stopped feeding about
the middle of August and acted as if they wanted to hibernate. Virgun-
cula ought to be bred again to see just to what extent the larvee vary, and
if they ever possess the dorsal stripe. The late Mr. T. G. Priddey, of
Toronto, made large collections of these larvee, but, unfortunately, did not
publish any of his observations. Writing on March 20, 1901, he says:
“« Now is the time to get Arctia virguncula larve. ‘The first soft day after
the dry grass is released from the frozen snow, they generally show them-
selves for a short time, along with Spi/osoma virginica, basking on the
tops of grass ; after then they are hard to find, as they hide away during
the day.”
Distribution.—Calgary, Alta., July 27, Aug. 18 (F. H. Wolley-Dod);
Saltcoats, Assa., July 12 (Willing); Cartwright, Man., June 29, July 3 (Heath);
Sudbury, Ont. (Evans) ; London, Ont. (Saunders) ; Orillia, Ont., July
5-10 (Grant); Wabigoon, Ont., Aug. 24 (W. McInnis) ; Toronto, Ont.,
June 6, 14, 16, 18, 23 (Gibson), June 16, 24 (W. Metcalfe), May 23,
June 6 (J. McDunnough); Hamilton, Ont. (Moffat) ; Trenton, Ont., June
19 (Evans) ; Ottawa, Ont. Aug. 5 (Gibson); Meech Lake, Que., Aug.
25, 3 worn sp. (Young); Montreal, Que. (Brainerd), July 3 (Lyman),
May 24, June 13 (Winn); Cowansville, Que. (Fyles); St. John, N. B.,
July 9, “rare” (McIntosh) ; Anticosti Island (W. Couper).
The specimen of the moth which the writer found on the 5th Aug.,
-at Ottawa, was not a complete specimen, but simply one of the primaries
of presumably a male, which had become caught in the gauze covering
116 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
one side of a mating cage, in which were two males and two females of
nats.
3. Micuano.—This species must be very rare in Canada, as we have
records of only four specimens having been taken. A coloured figure of
the moth is given on plate XLVIII. of Hampson’s recent ‘‘ Cataiogue of
the Lepidoptera Phalenz in the British Museum.” Not having seen a
good series of this species, I take the liberty of quoting from Dr. Dyar
(Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. VIII., p. 36, as follows: ‘‘ Michabo is a
peculiar form, in markings close to virgo, but in colour so near arge that
the two are liable to be confused, and have been so in some collections.
It is a simpler form than arge, the bands retaining their usual shape, only
the inner one being occasionally somewhat tooth-like” . . . . . . .
‘‘ The larva doubtless hibernates full-grown. No description is extant, but
fortunately I have a blown larva before me from the Riley collection, as
well as cast skins from the Department of Agriculture, and some notes
(Dept. Agr. No. 2588). The larva is grayish black, head black, the body
rather grayish brown, with a broad, distinct, straight, cream-coloured dorsal
stripe. Hair rather long and, though coarse, somewhat soft and brownish.
Spiracles white. The notes add a more or less interrupted white subdorsal
line, but it does not show in the blown or alcoholic specimens nor in the
cast skins. The larva is a close ally of avge, but differs in the absence (or
reduction) of the subdorsal lines. The full life-history is needed.”
Distribution.—Grand Forks, B. C., June (H. Brainerd). This specimen
is in the collection of Mr. A. F. Winn, of Montreal, who kindly gave me the
particulars. Calgary, Alta., June 9 (Wolley-Dod); Aweme, Man. (Criddle).
MIcHABOo, var. MINEA.—A single specimen of the variety, which has
been so identified by Dr. Dyar, was sent from Osoyoos, B, C., to Dr.
Fletcher by Mr. C. deBlois Green,
4. PARTHENICE is by no means uncommon. The moths appear
usually in late July and August, generally about the middle of the latter
month. Small specimens of vévgo are often confused with parthenice, but
the former species can readily be distinguished by the broad lining of the
median vein, and the two, or more, discal spots of the secondaries. ar-
thenice has but one discoidal spot. I have never seen the larva of this
moth. Saunders describes it as black, with a flesh-coloured dorsal stripe,
tubercles yellowish, bearing tufts of stiff hairs which are black on the dorsum
and brown on the sides, and feet and prolegs yellowish, tipped with black
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 17
The life-history of this species is needed, and, as the moths are fairly com-
mon, it ought not to be difficult to obtain eggs. Males of the species
were abundant at light, near Ottawa, in August last, but, unfortunately, no
females could be captured, or doubtless we could have secured ova.
Distribution.—Victoria, B. C., June 27 (E. M. Anderson) ; Calgary,
Alta., July 23, 25 (Wolley-Dod) ; Blackfalds, Alta., August (Gregson) ;
.Prince Albert, Sask., July 6 (Fletcher); Beulah, Man., July 15, 21, 22
(Dennis) ; Aweme, Man. (Criddle); Winnipeg, Man., July 18, 19, 27
(Hanham) ; Cartwright, Man., July, Aug. (Heath) ; Sudbury, Ont., July
27 (Evans) ; London, Ont. (Saunders) ; Amherstburg, Ont., early Sept.
(E. B. Reed); Hamilton, Ont. (Moffat); Caesarea, Ont., Aug. 12 (Gibson);
Grimsby, Ont. (Metcalfe); Toronto, Ont. (Bethune, Gibson) ; Cobourg,
Ont. (Bethune) ; Port Hope, Ont. (Bethune), Aug. 13 (Metcalfe) ; Ros-
seau, Ont., July 28 (Winn); Orillia, Ont., Aug. ro, 17, 18, 31, Sept. 2
(Grant) ; Trenton, Ont., July 30, Aug. 23-27 (Evans); Ottawa, Ont., Aug.
6, 10, 13, 14, 16, 19, 27 (Fletcher, Young, Richard, Gibson) ; Meech
Lake, Que., Aug. 16, 19, 22, 31, Sept. 6, fresh specimen (Young); Rigaud,
Que. (Desrochers); Montreal, Que. (Brainerd), Aug. 9 (Lyman); Murray
Bay, Que., Aug. (Winn) ; Roberval, Que., July 27 (Lyman) ; Little Metis,
Que., July, Aug. (Winn) ; Quebec, Que., Aug. 6 (Fyles) ; Jaquet River,
N. B., August (Winn) ; St. John, N. B., Aug. t-15 (McIntosh).
5. ReEcTILINEA.—This Arctian is very rare in Canada. We have only
three records of its occurrence. The species is supposed by some to be
the same as phy//ira, and Jarve which the writer had from eggs, with the
female vectz/inea correctly associated, certainly answered very weil to the
description of the larva of phy//ira as published by Packard. ‘The eggs
of rectilinea above mentioned were received from Mr. A. Kwiat, of
Chicago, and were laid on the 27th and 28th Aug., and hatched on the
5th and 6th Sept. The following notes were taken on the larval stages :
Stage /—Length when hatched 1.8 mm. General colour dirty
whitish, after feeding greenish brown. Head o.3 to 0.37 mm. wide, black,
mouth-parts reddish. Thoracic shield black. Tubercles blackish ; bristles
long, blackish from dorsal tubercles, and silvery from lateral tubercles.
Tubercle i. very small, ii. and ii. large, of about same size, iv. and vy.
smaller than ii. and iii. ; 1., i1., ill., iv. and v. are surrounded more or less
with reddish brown. In some specimens this colour is hardly perceptible.
Bristles from tubercles barbed. Thoracic feet black ; prolegs rather paler
than venter, semi-translucent.
118 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Stage //.— Length 3 mm. Head 0.4 to 0.45 mm. wide, black, shiny,
slightly bilobed ; mouth-parts reddish. Body pale brownish, the green
food contents showing slightly, more or less, through the skin. Tubercles
all shiny black, and large, with exception of 1., which is very small; each
tubercle but i. bearing a bunch of barbed bristles, those from the dorsal
tubercles black, others silvery, or whitish. All the segments are marked
with reddish brown blotches and spots. Spiracles black, very small,
aimost touching tubercle iv. Thoracic feet darker than venter and rather
translucent ; prolegs paler than venter, setze short and pale.
Stage //7.—Length 6mm. _ Head 0.6 to 0.67 mm. wide, black, shiny.
In general appearance the larvee may be said to be black, with pale, slightly
yellowish, dorsal, lateral and stigmatal stripes. On examination with a lens,
however, the skin is seen to be pale, but thickly mottled and suffused with
dark brown. All the tubercles are shiny black, and, with the exception
of i., large. ‘Tubercles as before, ii. with a polished base. Bristles black,
with exception of those from lower lateral tubercles, which are pale.
Tubercles on dorsum of segments 12 and 13 bear a few extra long
bristles. ‘Thoracic feet shiny black ; prolegs concolorous with venter ;
setae pale and short. ‘Towards the end of the stage the larve lose their
dark colour, changing to a reddish brown.
Stage /V.—Length 7.5 mm. Head 0.9 to 1.0 mm. wide, black. In
general appearance black larve with black bristles, and a pale yellow
dorsal stripe, also an indistinct lateral stripe. The skin on the sides of
body shows some green, the venter being paler. Tubercles black, bristles
barbed, from all tubercles above spiracles pure black. Bristles from lower
tubercles mostly pale, rather reddish. Dorsal stripe clear pale yellow,
expanded almost into a spot on the middle of each segment. Spiracles
small and black. ‘Thoracic feet shiny jet black, prolegs concolorous with
venter.
Stage V.—Length to.5 mm. Head 1.2 mm. wide, black, cheek
above ocelli brown ; epistoma pale. Body black : dorsal stripe as in last
Stage, skin between tubercles 1. and ii. yellowish. Tubercle i. small, ii.
large, both i. and ii. black, ii. with a polished base ; iii., iv. and v. are now
partly brownish yellow, vi.. vii. and viil. wholly black. Skin of body below
tubercle ii. not so black. Spiracles small, biack, round, just in front of
tubercle iv. Bristles from tubercles as before, but the pale bristles below
spiracles, in some specimens, do not show any red. Thoracic feet as
before ; prolegs, upper portion shiny black exteriorly, paler below,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 119
Stage V7.—Length 15 mm. Head 1.6 mm. wide, as before, median
suture in some specimens pale. In general appearance the larve in this
Stage are black, hairy caterpillars, either with a dorsal stripe (indistinct or
absent on posterior two segments of body) of bright yellow, expanded
almost into spots as in Stage iv., or a series of spots, one on each segment,
down the middle of the dorsum. In all specimens along the upper por-
tion of sides is also a series of paler yellowish spots. Tubercles as in last
Stage, the summits of iii., iv. and v. being pale brownish yellow. — Bristles
from dorsal tubercles black. In most specimens those from iv. are black,
from V., vi., vil. and viii. pale, slightly rusty. Thoracic feet black, shiny ;
prolegs, upper two-thirds black, lower third pale greenish brown ; claspers
blackish gray.
Stage V7/.—Length 21 mm. In general appearance, black hairy
larvze, with a row of small yellow spots down the dorsum, and conspicuous
rows of yellowish subdorsal and lateral tubercles. Head 2.0 mm. wide,
subquadrate, flattened in front, slightly bilobed, shiny black ; ocelli black ;
epistoma dull whitish-brown ; cheek above ocelli near segment 2 pale
brownish ; antennze whitish-brown at base, remainder blackish. Body
cylindrical, segments rather deeply divided. Skin dull grayish black,
overlaid with patches and streaks of rich velvety black, particularly
dorsally and laterally, giving a deep black appearance. Dorsal
stripe broken up into a row of yellow spots. All the tubercles,
with but few exceptions, yellowish, with a black base, the subdorsal and
lateral series most conspicuous. Tubercle i. small, about one-ninth the
size of ii., which has a broad polished base. Spiracles black, with a dull
yellowish centre, close in front of tubercle iv. Bristles barbed, those on
dorsum mostly black, on lower portion of sides pale. Thoracic feet black,
shiny ; prolegs pale, each with a large black shiny plate anteriorly.
The above larve when they stopped feeding were put outside for the
winter. Unfortunately, however, none of them came through alive, so we
were unable to breed a series of the moths. Possibly some of us may
again be fortunate enough to obtain eggs, and rear the species to maturity.
Distribution.—Calgary, Alta. (Willing); Beulah, Man., July 14
(Dennis) ; Aweme, Man., Aug. 6 (Criddle).
6. Anna.—This species also seems to be rare in Canada. In 1896
I collected six specimens of the variety persephone, and at that me asso-
ciated them with virguncu/a, probably because they occurred at the same
time, and I thought bore a somewhat close resemblance to that species,
120 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Persephone, however, is a larger form than virguncu/a, and the fore wings
are more like those of parthenice, but the markings are much heavier. Azna
differs from the variety persephone chiefly in having the hind wings wholly
black. The larval stages of the persephone form were described by Dr.
Dyar in Vol. 8, p. 53, of Psyche. These larvee were entirely deep black, with
shining tubercles, and stiff black bristles alike in colour throughout. We
have never had an opportunity of studying the earlier stages of this species
at Ottawa, as it does not occur here to our knowledge. Some of our mem-
bers may be fortunate enough some time to get ova, and if so it would be
interesting to know just to what extent the larve vary.
Distribution. —Typical Anna has been taken at Toronto, Ont., June
20 (Metcalfe), and at London, Ont. ; the variety persephone at Hamilton,
Ont. (Moffat); Toronto, June 6, 27 (Gibson), June 3, 4 (McDunnough) ;
June 18 (Metcalfe); Springfield-on-Credit., Ont. (Bethune).
7. Ornata.—This is a western species occurring in Canada, as far
as we know, only in British Columbia. It is a rather large, handsome
Arctian, some specimens measuring 134 inches in expanse of wings, but
the average width is 144 inches; a series of the moths will show great
variation. Typical ovata seems to be rare, most of our specimens and
those we have seen being either the form achaza or ochracea, of which the
veins on the primaries are lined. ‘The colour of the secondaries in the species
varies trom yellow to red. During the past summer Mr. J. W. Cockle, of
Kaslo, B. C., kindly sent us a batch of eggs of ornata.* These were
laid on the 3oth June and hatched on the 8th July. The following notes
were taken on the larval stages :
Stage J—lWLength at first 2.2 mm. Colour whitish, after feeding
greenish. Head 0.4 to 0.45 mm. wide, dark brown, shiny. Cervical
shield concolorous with head. On each segment there is the usual row of
transverse tubercles; these are black; 1. small, ii. large, 111. nearly the same
size as ll.,iv. and v. smaller. Sete long and slender. ‘Tubercles ii, iii,
iv, and v. are faintly surrounded with reddish brown. Feet concolorous;
thoracic feet semi-translucent.
Stage I.
ened at inside apex of cheeks ; ocelli black ; mouth-parts reddish. Body
pale greenish, with a light bluish dorsal stripe. Cervical shield and
Length 4 mm. Head o.5 to 0.6 wide, pale brown, dark-
*The female which laid the eggs has since been received, and submitted to Dr.
Dyar, who has confirmed our identification.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 1a
tubercles black, shiny; tubercles 11., i11., iv. and v. as in last Stage, blotched
anteriorly and posteriorly with reddish brown. Mostly black bristles from
1, 11. and ii., the others silvery; from lower tubercles mostly silvery
bristles, only a few black ones. Bristles barbed. Spiracles black, small,
close in front of tubercle iv. Feet concolorous with venter, semi-trans-
lucent.
Stage [77.—Length 6 mm. Head 0.75 to 0.9 mm. wide ; inside
half of cheek dark brown, outer half pale brown; ocelli black ; mouth-
parts reddish-brown ; some heads much darker than others. In general
appearance the larvee are brownish caterpillars, with a pale blue dorsal
stripe. The tubercles are black and shiny ; bristles barbed, from i. and
il. all black, except on thoracic segments, where there are a few silvery
bristles ; from ii. and iv. mostly black, a few silvery; from lower tubercles
mostly silvery. Tubercie 1. small, 11. large and with a polished base. Skin
of body from the dorsal stripe to lower edge of tubercle ii. pale brown,
with a greenish tinge. Between i. and ili. the skin is pale greenish-
yellow, and between 11. and iv. and below iv. the skin is blotched with
brown. Venter greenish. Feet semi-translucent. Segments 11, 12 and
13 bear a few very long silvery hairs,
Stage JV.—Length 8.5 mm. In general appearance dark brown,
with a pale, bluish-yellow dorsal stripe. Head 1.0 to 1.1 mm. wide, as in
last Stage. Tubercles and bristles as in last Stage, some very long slender
hairs from segments 12 and 13. Spiracles small, black, close in front of
tubercle iv. Later in the Stage the larvee, under a lens, appear as greenish
caterpillars, rather densely blotched and splashed with reddish-brown, and
the dorsal stripe loses to a great extent its bluish-yellow colour, becoming
rather inconspicuous. ‘Theskin along the side just above tubercles iii. and
iv. has a yellowish tint. Thoracic feet brownish, rather translucent ; pro-
legs concolorous with venter.
Stage V—Length 12 mm. Head 1.2 to 1.3 mm. wide, shiny, black,
with exception of brownish patch just above ocelli. Skin under a lens is
brownish, bearing blotches of velvety black. A few days after moulting
the blotches are more of a dark purplish shade, or a dull reddish brown.
In most specimens the dorsal stripe has disappeared, but in some it is still
apparent undera lens. Tubercles as in last Stage ; bristles faintly barbed.
The bristles from tubercles i., 11., 11. and upper half of iv. are black, those
from lower half of iv., and from v., vi., vil. and viii. pale rusty. Spiracles
small, black, close in front of tubercle iy. The two posterior segments
122 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
bear some extra long slender hairs as before. Venter much paler than
dorsum, of a greenish-brown tinge. Thoracic feet shiny black; prolegs
concolorous with venter.
Stage V7.—Length 17 mm. Head 1.4 to 1.6 mm. wide, subquadrate,
slightly depressed at vertex ; black, shiny ; epistoma pale; mouth-parts
reddish; setee black and slender; cheek above ocelli pale brownish,
mottled with darker brown. Skin of body velvety black on dorsum, gray-
ish-green ventrally. No markings on the body. ‘Tubercles black; bristles
from i., l1., 1. and iv. black, those from v. and Jower tubercles pale rust-
red ; bristles faintly barbed. Some long, slender bristles from dorsum of
tivo posterior segments as before. ‘Thoracic feet black, shiny; prolegs
reddish. Larvee do not vary.
On the 3rd September 21 specimens were living, and as they were not
feeding very much and looked unhealthy, they were put outside. Later,
when they were examined (25th Oct.), every specimen was found to have
died. Mr. Cockle retained some of the eggs himself, but he has since told
us that his larvee also suffered a similar fate. Possibly during the coming
season eggs may again be secured and more successful results obtained.
Mr. Cockle states that the moths are rare at Kaslo.
Distribution.—Specimens of orvnata have been taken at Osoyoos, B.
C. (C. de B. Green) ; Kaslo, B. C., June 30, July 2 (Cockle) ; of the form
achaia at Osoyoos, B. C. (Green) ; Kaslo, B. C., July 25, 26 (Cockle) ; of
the form ochracea at Kaslo, B. C., June 8 (Cockle); Victoria, B. C.
(Fletcher), June 7, July 17 (Anderson).
8. ArRGE is well known, and rather widely distributed in the eastern
part of Canada, though I do not think it can, with us, be considered a
common species. It seems to be double-brooded. We have no records
of any specimens having been taken west of the Province of Ontario. An
interesting account of the species has been recently published by Dr.
Seifert,* accompanied by an excellent plate showing the variation in the
imagoes. ‘The mature larva measures nearly 134 inches in length, and is
grayish black, overlaid, especially on the dorsum, with patches of velvety
black. The dorsal and subdorsal bands are cream colour, shaded with
pink, and are wide and very distinct. The infra-stigmatal band is nearly
the same colour, but is waved and broken, and not nearly so distinct.
The tubercles are duli blackish, not polished. ‘The bristles are faintly
barbed and rather long, brownish or gray, excepting those from lower
*Journal of the New York Entomological Society, March, 1902.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 123
lateral tubercles, which are rusty. Full-grown larve have been infrequently
met with at Ottawa in early October.
Distribution —Hamilton, Ont. (Moffat); Toronto, Ont. (R. J. Crew,
Gibson) ; Trenton, Ont. (Evans); Ottawa, May 27, 28 (Young), Aug.
27 (Fletcher); Rigaud, Que. (Desrochers) ; Montreal, Que., July 15
(Stevenson), Aug. 12 (Norris) ; Belceil, Que. (Brainerd).
(To be continued.)
A MDAY’S, COLLECTING IN FEBRUARY.
February 12th (Lincoln’s Birthday), of this year, was unusually warm
and spring-like. The temperature rose as high as 52°, and the clear sky
and little wind made it a joy to be out in the open, in the sunshine.
I went to Staten Island that day, with the intention cf working up
some Orthoptera with Mr. W. T. Davis, but the feel of spring in the air was
irresistible, and as I was anxious to secure aquatic Hemiptera as early in
the season as possible, we went by trolley to some woodland ponds near
Richmond. ‘The fields were very wet on the way, but hopping among
the dry leaves were young grasshoppers, emerged from their winter’s sleep.
Some Diptera also were hiding among them, and they were quite active
when disturbed.
When we arrived at the pond, a disappointment awaited us. It was
nearly all frozen over! However, we pushed through the brambles to the
edge, and began to fish under the thin ice. I took on this side of the
pond two Corixa /farristi, active. Working our way along the side to the
end where the outlet was, we found the water free from ice. On the sur-
face, two species of Podurans were abundant, and an immature Jassid
was floating and jumping. We got none of these. Water beetles, also,
were swimming about. :
The sun, meantime, was melting the ice, and as we got to the
opposite side from where we started, quite half the pond was clear. On
this side, Haliplide and Dytiscidz were more abundant, swimming freely
or else clinging to the stems of the bushes rising from the water, sunning
themselves.
On the trunk of a white birch I saw an Aczlins semisulcatus, about
six inches from the surface, on the sunny side. It was alarmed by the
noise I made, and dropped into the water. Contrary to what seemed to
be the rule, this beetle submerged itself with great ease.
Here, also, I took a Haliplid from a bush, on which there were a
124 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
number resting an inch or two from the water. ‘These, however, seemed
to be somewhat torpid, as they could be brushed into the net easily, and
lay there motionless. Those that fell into the water seemed to experience
great difficulty in getting under. We also took two other species of these
and a small Hydrophilid, swimming.
As we sat at lunch, several species of Diptera were flying about.
We also saw a Hemerobian and one of the Microlepidoptera, which we
failed to catch.
We had by this time exhausted the possibilities of this pond, so went
to another about a hundred feet away. This was even more disappoint-
ing. Thick ice covered it everywhere, except around the roots of a large
apple tree, where there was a clear space of about a foot. This was
swarming with the Crustacean Lranchippus.
I wanted to get some Hydrobatidz, as well as more of the other
aquatics, and Mr. Davis suggested Richmond Brook, where we went across
fields. The earth was simply sodden.
Inthe brook there was more life and better collecting. Gerris re-
migis was quite abundant, active, and, in some instances, 7m copulo.
Between Mr. Davis and myself we took about 30 specimens. ‘They were
found in the backwaters under the overhanging banks, or hiding among
the drift.
Clinging to the grains of sand or to small pebbles, in the quieter,
deeper portions of the stream, were numbers of another species of Corixa,
which I have not as yet determined. These insects were exceedingly
active and iively, and scurried away before the net like a flock of birds,
but we caugh} many, nevertheless.
On the surface, in some portions, a small Perlid, Capuia necydaloides,
was to be seen lightly floating. One I took from a Gerrits that was feed-
ing on it. Several others Mr. Davis and I took as they floated on the
water, and two were caught on the white surface of a recently-cut stump,
which seemed to have a great attraction for them. When we sought to
capture them they ran swiftly away without attempting to take flight, and
hid in the cracks of the bark, with which they harmonized in colour.
We also observed some Chironomids resting on the stream; and
under stones and among trash at the bottom, Perlid nymphs and Ephem-
erid larvze were abundant. Ina sandy, shallow spot we saw a number of
tubes, possibly about two inches long, rising into the water from the
bottom, but we did not find the maker. These seemed to consist of silk,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 125
and were coated with grains of sand, which made them about the thick-
ness of a pipestem.
When we left the brook on our return home, we felt that we had had
a very successful day. We had gone really on a venture, and we had
found much more than we expected, and had a delightful outing into the
bargain.
In the early Spring, on such days as this, aquatic insects can be very
profitably collected, especially for life-history work. They are active long
before any others, as soon as the ice begins to disappear, and present a
practically unexplored field to the earnest entomologist. To the mere
collector they offer no inducement to compensate for the labour of col-
lecting them, and are exceedingly uninteresting, being ordinarily incon-
spicuous, sombre in coloration and retiring in habit. But to the scien-
tific worker they present some of the most interesting adaptations to
environment and conditions in the entire field of entomology.
Two days later I went to the Mosholu locality in this vicinity, and
my experience there illustrates this point. Although I spent a good deal
more time there, I saw but few insects flying, all Diptera. My catch was
all Coleoptera, none active, all hibernating under stones, and consisted
principally of Staphylinide, some Carabidee, one Elater ; and also, one
active Jassid, undetermined. It was not as good in numbers cr variety as
the one of the r2th, although the latter locality in Summer is very rich
in species and abundant as to numbers.
J. R. DE La TorRE Bueno, New York.
ZEGIALITES DEBILIS, MANN.
Leconte and Horn, in their “ Classification,” say of this beetle:
“Tt is of such extreme rarity as to have been seen by but few entomolo-
gists.” It was with considerable interest, therefore, that I captured my
first specimen one March afternoon in 1894. I was lying on a_ pebbly
sea beach, turning over stones, when I came upon @. ded:/is on the
under side of a stone. From Leconte’s description I felt pretty sure that
my identification was correct, and it was subsequently confirmed by Dr.
Fletcher, of Ottawa. Leconte says the beetle is black, but he had prob-
ably seen only dried specimens. Freshly-taken specimens show a distinctly
green tinge. ‘The insect is about .15 inch long, and in general shape sug-
gests a small carabid.
Many a subsequent search in the same locality proved fruitless, for
the insect’s proper habitat, as I afterwards discovered, is not among loose
126 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
stones. It is essentially a rock-frequenting species. It occurs in large
numbers in some conglomerate boulders on the northern shore of the
Queen Charlotte Islands. These boulders lie about half-way between the
tide-marks, and the large pebbles embedded in them have become
loosened by the action of the water, but still remain in their matrices. It
is between these pebbles and the matrices that the beetles live, their
compressed forms admirably adapting them for moving in so confined a
space.
On the mainland of British Columbia, opposite the Queen Charlotte
Islands, the beetle again occurs in considerable numbers. There the shore
rocks are of a slaty formation, and the action of the tide tends to
separate portions of them into large flakes, beneath which the beetles find
congenial shelter. On removing one of these flakes with a chisel a whole
colony of .&. debi/is is disclosed. I feel sure that the insect might be
discovered in many places along our Pacific coast, if carefully sought for.
For a long time this beetle was the only representative, not only of its
genus, but of its family. Professor Comstock states, however, in his
Insect Manual, that another species has recently been taken in California.
The beetle is active all the year round. This morning (Feb. 14th),
wanting to examine a few living specimens, I had no difficulty in procuring
all I needed, though the ground is frozen hard and covered with snow.
I have seen it copulating in February, and have taken both larve and
pupz in July. It is extremely deliberate in its movements. Its sharp
claws enable it to adhere so firmly to the surface of the rock that it is
sometimes difficult to dislodge it without injury. Unlike other marine
species with which I have experimented, it shows no objection to entering
the water, but does so readily from the top of a halfsubmerged stone. It
seems helpless when floating on the water, but can sink at will when once
beneath the surface. I placed some specimens on a stone in a dry
dish, and gradually added sea-water till the stone was submerged, imitat-
ing the approach of the tide. The beetles remained stationary, and
allowed the water to cover them, when a large bubble of air could be seen
under their partly raised elytra.
I am in want of a few popularly interesting beetles (e. g., glow-worm,
fire-fly, Egyptian sacred beetle, Pyrophorus, Noctilucus, ete.) for use in
lectures to young people. I would gladly send a series of -&. dedbilis to
any entomologist who might care to make the exchange.
J. H. Keen, Metlakatla, B. C.
~I
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 12
NEW NOCTUIDS FOR 1903, No. 3—WITH NOTES ON SOME
DESCRIBED SPECIES.
BY JOHN B. SMITH, SC. D., RUTGERS COLLEGE, N. J.
The first paper of this series is in the January number of this
Journal (pp. 9-14) ; the second is in the April issue of the Journal of the
New York Entomological Society. The present instalment deals chiefly
with species found in the Western Provinces of British America and
a few others that are likely to occur there. The determination of a
new species of Rancora from Calgary and Manitoba makes some general
remarks on that genus timely. There is a number of excellent collectors
now hard at work on the Noctuid fauna of that general region and ex-
tending westward to Vancouver, whose work deserves the greatest praise
and to whose efforts is due the development of a totally new faunal
region for this family of moths.
Acronycta tartarea, n. sp.— Head, thorax and outside of tibie black-
ish; orbits of the eyes nearly white. Primaries uniform, very deep
smoky, almost black ; the maculation neatly written in velvety black.
There is a black basal streak to the t. a. line, which is most obvious at
this point, fading toward the costa and inner margin ; there is a little spur
at the middle of the streak beneath, and above it is bordered by a narrow
white line. T. a. line almost obsolete, geminate, outwardly oblique.
T. p. line velvety black, preceded by a whitish shade, broken, squarely
exserted over the cell, deeply incurved below, the black lunate mark in
the submedian interspace forming the most prominent part of the wing.
A black streak begins just within the centre of this mark, crosses it and
reaches the outer margin above the inner angle. ‘Three white costal dots
between t. p. and s.t. lines. S. t. line whitish, diffuse, broken, followed
by small black interspaceal spots. A series of black terminal lunules,
preceded by whitish shadings. Fringes smoky at base, outwardly white.
Orbicular moderate, round, black-ringed, inwardly edged by white
scales. Reniform rather large, broadly lunate, narrowly outlined in black,
inwardly edged by sparse white scales, centre a little brown tinged.
Secondaries white, with a smoky outer border, broadest at apex, and
nearly iost at anal angle. Beneath: primaries smoky, the margins paler;
a vague pale extra-median line. Secondaries more powdery, with a dis-
tinct discal spot. ;
Expands.—1.40 inches—35 mm.
Habitat.—Calgary, Alberta, June 23, head of Pine Creek.
128 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
One almost perfect male from Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod. This is, to
my mind, one of the handsomest of our species of Acronycta. It re-
sembles a somewhat undersized very dark even grisea ; but it is actually
nearer to fa/cu/a in structure and details of maculation. I have never
seen any tendency in either grisea or revel/ata to vary in this direction
and believe I have a good species.
Noctua Trumani, n. sp.—Ground colour luteous brown, varying a
little from a rusty to a smoky tinting. The head and the tips of the palpi
may be paler, more yellowish. Thorax concolorous, collar and patagiz
fairly marked, vestiture rather loose, hairy, with the scaly admixture slight.
Primaries without contrasts save that sometimes the reniform, and mere
rarely the orbicular, are obviously paler than the rest of the wing. All
the usual lines are present, slender, brown, very slightly relieved. Basal
line single, slender, evenly curved, tending to become lost in the darker
specimens. T. a. line single, slender, somewhat irregular, a little out-
curved in the interspaces, and as a whole a little outwardly oblique : it
tends to become lost in the darker examples. T. p. line single, slender,
blackish, crenulate, in course parallel to the outer margin, tending to
break up into a series of venular dots, which are obvious in all the speci-
mens before me. _ S. t. line pale, rather even, somewhat diffuse, preceded
by a slightly darker shading in the s. t. space, and sometimes further
relieved by a darker -tint in the terminal space : the tendency is to obscure
the line, and in one example it is marked only by the dusky s. t.shade. A
dusky terminal line and a yellow line at tne base of the dusky fringes. A
dusky, somewhat diffuse median shade is obvious in some specimens,
extending from the costa between the ordinary spots and from the lower
edge of the reniform nearly direct to the inner margin. This shade may
be entirely lost, but usually the darkening of the cell between the ordinary
spots remains, aud even more generally the dusky shade at the lower end
of the reniform. Claviform indicated in one specimen only bya line of
darker scales, and may be said to be wanting. Orbicular round or a
little oval, moderate in size, more or less completely outlined by dusky
scales, sometimes annulate with yellowish and sometimes entirely paler
than the ground colour of the primaries. Reniform of good size, kidney-
shaped, the sides defined by dark scales, upper and lower margins often
indefinite, middle of the spot more or less obviously yellow, sometimes
contrasting quite strongly, sometimes scarcely relieved from the
ground. Secondaries in the male pale yellowish, veins smoky,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 129
with a smoky outer border, through which there is a more or
less obvious yellowish shade line: in the female the wings are uniformly
smoky, with somewhat contrasting yellowish fringes. Beneath, primaries
smoky brown, paler outwardly, more or less powdery, with a more or less
obvious smoky outer line: secondaries pale dirty yellowish, powdered
along the costa, with an outer extra-median smoky shade line that may
cross the costal region only and rarely attains the inner margin.
Expands.—1.20-1.36 inches = 30-34 mm.
Fabitat.—V olga, South Dakota.
Four males and one female, in fair condition. Sone time before his
death the late Judge P. C. Truman sent me several boxes of Noctuids,
supposedly duplicates, intended to give me an idea of the general char-
acter of his local fauna. The specimens were unmounted and were
picked over from time to time to get such species as were being studied.
Recently the entire material has been spread, and I find in it the species
here described, obviously resembling the rudifera series of Woctua, but
differing from all in the robust build, subequal stumpy primaries and
yellowish secondaries, which, in the male, have a broad outer dark shade,
in which is a yellowish band. The male antenne are distinctly ciliated,
and the genitalia are unique in having at the lower margin of the harpes a
prominent tooth-like process. The tip is gradual, somewhat pointed, and
has a dense brush of spinules. The clasper is very stout, short, curved,
abruptly drawn into a slender pointed tip. The single median lines,
and especially the crenulate t. p. line, are characteristic, while the first
impression gained by the wing form is that of a Zaenéocampa belonging
to the rzfula series.
It is more than probable that this species will be found in the col-
lections of those who have made exchanges with Judge Truman, and it is
almost certain to be represented in the collection left by him.
feltia obliqua, n. sp.—Ground colour ranges from dark luteous brown
to smoky or even blackish brown. Head rusty brown, with a more or
less obvious dusky line across the front. Collar inferiorly dark brown,
limited above by a black line: upper half pale brown, based by a whitish
line that serves to relieve the black central line which it borders.
Thoracic disk paler than primaries, with a grayish tinge. Primaries very
evenly coloured, except that the upper half of wing to the t. p. line is
somewhat darker, the markings neatly written and not contrasting. Basal
line geminate, black, marked over costal area only, very close to the root
130 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
of the wing. ‘T. a. line geminate ; inner line scarcely defined, outer line
black, included spaces usually a very little paler ; in course inwardly oblique
from the costa to the internal vein, then with a long outward tooth that
nearly or quite reaches the middle of the margin. T. p. line geminate,
inner line black or blackish, crenulate ; outer line obscure, even, puncti-
form or entirely lost beyond the costal region: the line as a whole very
little outcurved over cell. S. t. line very narrow, pale, strongly denticu-
late, preceded or followed or both by black sagittate marks, which may be
wanting ; the line itself sometimes becoming almost lost. A continuous
black terminal line, followed by a pale line at the base of the fringes.
Orbicular oval, decumbent, of the ground colour, more or less completely
outlined by biack scales. Reniform small, somewhat kidney-shaped,
concolorous, outlined in black or brown, The cell between the spots is
black, and a black line extends beyond the reniform to thet. p. line. A
black streak or mark extends from the base to the t. a. line, and has
attached to it a small, black-margined claviform. There is a diffuse
smoky median shade, variably distinct, which crosses from below the
reniform close to and parallel with the t. p. line. Secondaries smoky
fuscous, a little paler basally in the male. Beneath gray, powdery, with a
more or less complete outer line ; secondaries also with a discal spot.
Expands.—1.20-1.36 inches = 30-34 mm.
Habitat.—Calgary, Alberta, head of Pine Creek, May 31, June 16;
mouth of Fish Creek, June 3, at light: Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod.
This is a small species of the size of gravis, with the general Van-
couverensis type of maculation. The very even colouring on which the
maculation is neatly written will serve to define this form. Mr. Dod has
sent me two males and two females, no two exactly alike in colour, yet
forming a pair of light brown and a pair of dark brown examples. It is
probable that the range of variation will prove greater than the series
before me indicates.
Feltia Hudsonii, n. sp.—Ground colour, pale ashen gray. Head
varying to brown; without distinct markings. Collar brown, with a black,
central transverse line, above which is a whitish line: the tip also paler.
Disk and patagiz edged and marked with brownish. Primaries more or
less suffused with smoky or blackish. The gray shading obtains through
the costal region, along the inner margin, below the median vein, in the
subterminal space, and at apex. The orbicular is V-shaped, open to the
costa, and of the same general gray colour. The reniform is moderate in
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 13
size, oblique, lunate rather than kidney-shaped, pale yellow in colour.
The claviform extends almost across the median space, is black margined, _
and filled with blackish. The basal line is gray, margined on each side
by black scales, obvious on the costa, and inwardly oblique through the
cell, The t. a. line is obvious as an upright, yellowish line through the
cell. T. p. line gray through the costal area and over the cell; then
chiefly marked by the contrast between the median and s. t. spaces. S. t.
line marked only by the contrasting dark terminal space, which is crossed
by white rays on veins 3 and 4. There is a broken, black terminal line,
and a yellowish line at the base of the fringes. Secondaries white, be-
coming smoky at the outer margin, glossy, with white fringes. Beneath,
primaries smoky, except along the inner margin, where they are white.
Secondaries white, with a smoky patch at apex, which tends to form a
smoky outer margin.
Expands.—1.28 — 1.40 inches = 32-35 mm.
ffabitat.—Calgary, Alberta, head of Pine Creek, August 7, 16, at
light: Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod.
One ¢ and four ? ¢ are at hand, all in very nice condition. Mr.
Dod originally sent me this species among some examples of sudgothica,
which it resembles at first sight. It is, however, decidedly smaller, more
slenderly built throughout, much paler in colour, with white secondaries in
both sexes. The antennze of the male are less obviously ‘‘ brush-like ”
than in the allies, and, all together, the new form is perhaps the best
defined of any in this series. I cannot recollect having seen this from
any other or previous source.
Carneades maimes, n. sp.—Ground colour brown, variably tinged from
luteous to smoky or ferruginous. Head usually of the suffusing tinge,
without obvious markings. Collar with a black central line, sometimes
with a white line below it ; inferior half of collar pale, contrasting in the
dark specimens, not differing much in those that run to reddish or luteous,
Thorax ranging from rusty red-brown to blackish without markings,
except for a diagonal white line which runs from the costal edge of the
primaries across the patagia. This is variably distinct, sometimes prom-
inent ; but always traceable in good specimens. Primaries with all the
maculation obvious, median vein prominently white ; costal region gray
powdered or with a luteous tinge ; a distinct yellowish bar from the end
of the claviform to the t. p. line; ordinary spots prominently pale or
white-ringed, with usually more or less contrasting centres. Basal line
132 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
white, more or less obvious, edged with black scales, outwardly angled
on the sub-costal. A blackish shade below median vein at base. T. a.
line geminate, defining lines black, included shade white or of the palest
ground ; inner defining line often obscure or wanting; outer line some-
times wanting, the white included space then alone obvious : in course it
is inwardly oblique from the costa to the median vein, then a little out-
curved to the submedian, below which it forms a long outward tooth.
T. p. line geminate, abruptly bent from costa over the cell, then very
even, parallel with the outer margin: the inner defining line is black or
blackish, not contrasting, lunulate, broken ; outer line blackish, even,
broken on the veins, tending to disappear, remaining longest over the
costal area ; included space pale, sometimes contrasting, sometimes merg-
ing into the paler tinting of thes. t. space. S. t. line pale, distinct, very
slightly irregular, almost lunulate, in some cases relieved by the darker
terminal space and by preceding black spots and dashes in the s. t. space.
There is a series of black terminal lunules. Fringes pale, with dusky
interlines. Claviform black margined and more or less suffused with
black, extending half-way across the median space. The orbicular varies
from almost round to an irregular oval, is oblique, white-ringed, the
upper margin sometimes cut by the pale subcostal, the centre brown or
luteous. Reniform moderate in size, varying from almost lunate
to kidney-shaped, pale ringed, the upper and lower edges usually
broken by the white vein, centre brown or luteous. The
s. t. space on the whole is paler than the median space, and
on veins 3 and 4 and 6 and 7 pale rays extend to but rarely even
indent the s. t. line. The apex is pale. A dusky shade is on the costa
in the s. t. space. The cell is black or blackish around the ordinary
spots. Secondaries smoky yellow. darkening to blackish outwardly, the
fringes whitish. Beneath gray, ranging to smoky or to yellowish; both
wings with a more or less obvious outer smoky shade line; secondaries
tending to become darker beyond the dark line, and with a small discal
spot.
Expands.—1.12 — 1.36 inches = 28 - 34 mm.
Habitat.—Calgary, Alberta, July 27—August 21 (Mr. Dod) ; Colorado,
July 18 (Mr. Kemp); Brandon, Manitoba (Mr. Hanham).
Five males and seven females in fair or good condition are before
me. ‘The species is a variable one, no two specimens at all alike and yet
evidently all forms of one species. It resembles Asdingsiana, Grt., and
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 135
so J had it until Mr. Dod sent me a series for comparison. Compared
with the Colorado species this is smaller, darker, less powdery in the
female, with rays on the veins even less marked. The oblique white line
on the patagia is seen in some examples of Ridingstana, and does not
seem to be distinctive. With the males only at hand I should hardly
venture to separate this species, though even in this sex there are minor
differences that seem constant. In the females the distinction is well
marked, that of mazmes differing little from the male, while in A7dingsiana
all the examples of that sex are paler, more ashen, dusty gray, with less
contrasting maculation.
Hadena (Xylophasia) sora, n. sp.—Ground colour a deep, some-
what rusty red brown. Head may be a little darker. Thorax may be
blackish on disk of patagie, the central divided crest lighter. Primaries
with the maculation all present, but not contrasting. The basal space is a
little the lightest part of the wing; next comes the s. t. space from the
middle to the inner margin, and then the apex; but the difference is not
striking, and is more a mottling with yellowish or gray. The basal line is
geminate, of the brown ground colour. T. a. line geminate ; the inner
line obscure, the outer narrow, blackish, the included space a littie paler ;
as a whole the line is outwardly oblique, a little outcurved in the inter-
spaces, a longer outcurve from the internal vein to the margin. ‘TT. p. line
lunate or even crenulate, geminate, the outer line more even ; as a whole
with a moderate outcurve over cell and an even course below. S. t. line
pale, irregular, forming a small W on veins 3 and 4; emphasized by a
narrow brown preceding shade and by the dark smoky terminal space.
There is a series of blackish terminal lunules, beyond which the fringes
are cut with luteous. In the basal space there is a slender longitudinal
black line, which runs beneath the sub-median vein, and does not quite
reach the t. a. line. Claviform small, concolorous, outlined by black
scales, pointed, giving rise from the tip to a somewhat diffuse black line,
which extends across the cel! to the t. p. line. Orbicular narrow, oval,
oblique, not well defined, ringed with yellowish, with or without a pale
centre. Reniform large, a little constricted, incompletely outlined, the
centre a little smoky. Secondaries smoky brown, a little glossy, the
fringe more yellowish. Beneath, smoky over a reddish base; both wings
with a more or less obvious discal spot and a smoky outer shade line or
band.
Expands.—1.64 — 1.84 inches = 41 — 46 mm.
134 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Habitat.—Calgary, Canada, head of Pine Creek, July 2 and 15:
Mr. F. H. Wolley Dod.
Two males in good condition. The species is allied to auranticolor
and #arnesii, but is more even than either, and with a more subdued
brown colouring.
Xylophasia ferens, n. sp.—Head and thorax smoky brown ; head
with a pale interantennal line ; collar with a black median line over a pale
line, the tip pale ; the tips of the thoracic tuftings pale. The tibiz and
tarsi are ringed with yellowish. Primaries with all the maculation well
written, though not contrasting, the central bar connecting the median
lines in the s. t. interspace being the most conspicuous. ‘There is an
obscure longitudinal streak, which does not reach the t. a. line at base.
Basal line geminate, marked by costal spots only. ‘T. a. line geminate,
outwardly bent in the interspaces and a little outwardly oblique. T. p.
line geminate, the outer line obscure and partly punctiform, inner line
lunulate except in the s. m. interspace. S. t. line pale, broken, a little
irregular, forming a small W on veins 3 and 4; apex pale. There isa
series of black terminal lunules. The fringes are brown, cut with pale at
the ends of the veins. As a whole the terminal space is dark, except at
the apex, and the subterminal space is lighter except on costa; a black
mark is on the inner margin near base. A broad black bar through the
submedian interspace connects the median lines and obscures the clavi-
form. Orbicular small, oblique, outlined by black scales and ringed by
white; reniform of moderate size, lunate rather than kidney-shaped ;
spots paler than the ground, with a central smoky lunule. Between these
spots the cell is darker, and the tendency is to form a preceding black
spot. There is a sprinkling of olivaceous scales throughout the wing.
Secondaries yellowish smoky, darker outwardly, a smoky terminal line,
fringes yellowish.
Expands.—1.52 — 1.60 inches = 38 — 40 mm.
Habitat.—Calgary VII., 11 and 12, head of Pine Creek, Alberta.
Two good males from Mr. Dod, who has others. At first sight this
species is very like ad/ecto; but closer study shows it to be nearer to
runata, and, as the genitalia make it a Xylophasia, its separation
from adlecto is positive. As a Xylophasia it is readily distinguished from
its allies by the broad wings and clean maculation.
Hadena (Xylophasia) cerivana, Sm.—This is the north-western
representative of the eastern fizétima, which was at one time considered
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 135
identical with the European dasz/inea. Recently Dr. Dyar has referred
cerivana as a variety to the European dasz/inea. A good series, repre-
senting all three of the species, being now at hand, I am confirmed in my
previous opinions, and present herewith figures of the ¢ genitalia of each.
They are drawn to the same scale, with camera lucida and from mounts
not under pressure. The differences are not great, but they are abso-
lute, and show our own forms to be more nearly related than either of
them is to the European form.
RANCORA, SM.
Since this genus was described in 1894 a number of examples have
come to hand that confirm the original generic separation, though in some
forms the collar may be as hoodlike as in Cycud/ia and the primaries
nearly as lanceolate. A peculiar ornamental feature, which was not con-
sidered of importance when only one species was at hand, turns out to be
quite characteristic and permanent: it is a rigid black line or bar which
extends through the cell on the under side of the secondaries, from the
discal spot to the base, and this does not seem to occur in any species of
Cucullia. .
Some of the species described as belonging to Cucud/ia are better
referable here, and two new species are at hand.
Cucullia serraticornis, Lintner, belongs to this genus without reason-
able doubt, and it is practically certain that matricaria, Behr., is the same
thing. The type of matricaria isa ¢ inthe Strecker collection and is a
Rancora without any doubt. It is a fairly well-marked species and has
white secondaries.
Cucullia solidaginis, Behr., also belongs to Rancora, and one of the
specimens now before me is out of the type lot from the Strecker collec-
tion. One ¢ and two 9 are from Corvallis, Oregon, taken March and
April, at light. This is a dull smoky gray‘form, with narrow pointed wings
and a very obvious hood. ‘The maculation is all very obscure and smoky,
not a clear black line occurring anywhere on the wing. The secondaries
in the female are very deep smoky brown, and in the male they are smoky
outwardly, the base dirty white and somewhat translucent.
Strigata, Sm., is the type of the genus, and is more robust than
either of the preceding. The thorax is proportionately much heavier, the
collar does not form a hood in even the best specimens, and the primaries
are decidedly shorter and broader. ‘The colour is a clear, dark ashen or
136 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
bluish gray, and the maculation is clearly written and black. Dr. Dyar
can hardly have had both these species before him when he wrote strigata
as a synonym of solidaginis. I have three good males under present
observation from as many localities in Washington, taken in March and
April. The type came from Victoria, British Columbia.
Albicinerea is a very bright gray species, the markings smoky, but
clearly defined. The median lines are very much better marked than
usual in this genus, and in one example the t. p. line is completely trace-
able. The secondaries in the male are smoky throughout and only a
little paler at base. Three specimens from Alberta and Manitoba are
at hand.
Brucei is a sordid ashen gray form in which the transverse maculation
is nearly all lost and the black streakings are accompanied by rusty brown
stains. ‘The head and thoracic disk are also rusty brown. The secondaries
are dull, even, smoky gray. There is only one male, from Garfield
County, Colorado, elevation 6,000 feet.
Cucullia albida, Sm., is also a member of this genus, as is proven by
a male example now before me. It is distinct from all the others by the
whitish primaries, on which the markings are very faintly written. It is
almost as much a Cucud/va in wing form as is solidaginis, and, indeed,
except for the totally different colour, is a closer ally to it than to any
other species in this genus.
In sexual structures the males are very much alike. In all cases there
is a rather slender harpe coming to an oblique or acute point, and there is
a long, curved, corneous hook as a clasper. ‘The structure is distinctive
for each; but the similarity is obvious. In the antennal structure, also,
there is no striking difference between the species.
Rancora Brucet, vn. sp.—Ground colour a dull, powdery, ashen
gray. Front, centre of collar, disk of thorax and dorsal tuftings of the
abdomen tinged with rusty; other thoracic parts a little paler gray ;
powdery. Primaries with the transverse maculation practically obsolete.
The t. a. line is barely indicated by a slightly darker tooth in the sub-
median interspace. ‘There is a short black streak on the inner margin
near the base. ‘There is a slender, continuous black line through the sub-
median interspace from the base to the s. t. space, and this line is a little
relieved by accompanying pale scales. ‘There is a distinct black curved
streak above the inner angle, and this is margined with rusty brown.
Smaller, less conspicuous streaks are in the two following interspaces, and
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 137
another prominent black, brown-bordered streak is in the space between
veins 4 and 5 ; small, brown-shaded streaks follow to the apex. There is
a narrow pale line at the base of the fringes, which are cut with smoky
brown. The ordinary spots are indicated by two pale cloudings con-
nected by a very narrow black loop. Secondaries dull, smoky gray,
the fringes white at apex. Beneath, powdery gray, primaries darker on
disk, with a smoky, discal spot: secondaries more powdery along the
costal area, and with the characteristic black line in the cell.
Expands.—1.84 inches = 46 mm.
Flabitat.—Garfield County, Colorado, 6,000 feet ; David Bruce.
One good male received some years ago. I had considered this a
washed-out s¢vzgat¢a, and it is quite possible that specimens are in collec-
tions under that name. I am pleased to dedicate so good a species to so
good a collector.
Rancora albicinerea, n. sp.—Ground colour whitish ash-gray. Head
barred and mottled with white and smoky. Collar with a black, trans-
verse line at lower third, below which the colour is smoky, and above
which there is a smoky line before and at the tip. Disk of thorax smoky
brown or blackish : dorsal tufts of abdomen also brown or black. On the
primaries the maculation is clearly traceable. Basal line indicated on the
costa only. TT. a. line smoky, single, a little diffuse, irregular across the
costal space, forms a long tooth in the submedian interspace and a shorter
one above the margin. ‘There is a slender black basal line, which enters
jnto the tooth of the t. a. line, but does not cross it. T. p. line forms a
geminate smoky mark on costa, is faintly traceable in a wide curve over
the cell, becomes conspicuous below vein 2, and extends obliquely inward
from vein. ‘There isa series of interspaceal black dashes; those be-
tween veins 1 and 2 and 4 and 5 the longest ; the lines accompanied by a
smoky shading. At the base of the fringes is a series of blackish spots
with a gray centre. A median shade is indicated by a curved smoky
mark from costa over the reniform. ‘The ordinary spots are very faintly
and incompletely indicated by narrow, black or smoky curved marks.
Secondaries smoky, a little paier at base, fringes white. Beneath gray,
powdery ; secondaries with the usual black mark and bar.
Expands.—1.68 — 1.76 inches = 42 — 44 mm.
ffabitat.—Calgary, Alberta, April 24, at sallows, head of Pine Creek,
No. 34 (Mr. Dod); Rounthwaite and Boucher, Manitoba, end of April.
Three male specimens, of which those from Manitoba came to me
158 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
from Dr. Fletcher. All are in good condition and indicate a clear-cut
species. On the under side of the cell there is a very dense clothing of
long fine hair, which is present in the males of the other species, but is
not so well marked. It should be noted that all these species are early
fliers, and are on the wing as soon as the season opens. March and April
are the dates for such as have any attached.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4.
1. Harpe and clasper of ¢ Acronycta tartarea.
2 " " n oo @ Noctua Trumani,
3 " " 1 on 6 Eueretagrotis inattenta.
Aah y atl " 1 = g@ Scopelosoma Colorado.
ow at) " 1» oo @ Hadena finitima.
6 " " " " 3 " cerivana.
i " 1 " " 3 " basilinea.
8 " " " wo " runata.
Que it " peal pets) " ferens.
10 " " ine ae " allecto.
58s ta Ar " 1 « & Rancora solidaginis.
ee aehaaka " re or eee " strigata.
ie eh an " Lil aiken irc 9 Sele a albicinerea.
14. " " " n 6 " albida.
iil Wala " Were mittens " Brucei.
Eueretagrotis inattenta and Scopelosoma Colorado are not mentioned
in this paper, but have been recently described from this same general
faunal region.
THE TOMB OF THOMAS SAY.
I have just noticed Prof. Webster’s note on the tomb of Thomas Say,
and it may be of interest to your readers to know that I have recently
visited New Harmony, Ind., and met Mr. John Corbin, the owner of the
old Maclure home, where stands the tomb of the father of American
descriptive entomology. Mr. Corbin, as Prof. Webster states, is much
interested in the proper preservation of this tomb, and is much interested
also in the history of Thomas Say. In fact, I found many people in the
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 139
little village of New Harmony who knew about Say, and who were dis-
tinctly of the opinion that his residence in their village sheds lustre on its
history. The village library is an admirable one, housed in a beautiful
building, and among the treasures of the library are certain of Say’s manu-
scripts, among others, one written upon the day of his death.—L. O.
Howarp, Washington, D. C.
NOTE ON THE GENERIC TITLE TRIFURCULA.
BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, HILDESHEIM, GERMANY.
In my ‘Descent of the Pierids,” Jan., t900, I have used Zrifurcula,
Staud., Iris., VII., 56, for a genus of Andean Pierids, but this name is
preoccupied in the Lepidoptera by Zeller, 1848, Staud. & Rebel, Cat. IL.,
p-c22r:
Staudinger states (l. c.) that he had at first named the genus
Piercolias, so this name, though open to criticism, should be used for
the Pierid genus with the type Awanaco, Staud. The morphological
value of the neurational character of the primaries of Prercolzas, which
led Staudinger to choose the name 7Z7yifurcu/a, does not seem to have
been appreciated by him. The gradual progress of Rz2 towards the
apices, and of Mz towards the Radius, brings these branchlets in
juxtaposition.
SPINNING METHODS OF TELEA POLYPHEMUS.
In reply to the query suggested by Prof. Grote, in the April
number of the ENroMOLOGIST (page 110), with reference to the spinning
methods of Telea, I have. discussed the subject with Dr. Fletcher,
whose opinion is that only some of the cocoons are so suspended, but
recent search has decided me that in this locality this is the case with
the majority.
On April 2nd I found two cocoons on a small willow bush, one
suspended, with the leaves firmly attached to the stem; the other
had been spun between the overhanging sides of a large leaf that
had fallen across the limb, thus forming a complete canopy, but the
cocoon was firmly fastened to the twig with a lot of silk. Diligent
search amongst the leaves on the ground failed to reveal any fallen
cocoons. On April 8th I found two cocoons, both suspended on a wild
currant bush, and though there was a pile of dry straw lying against the
140 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
bush, which would have afforded a splendid harbour for the larva, yet no
signs of any cocoon or silk were found on it.
In all cases where I have bred Telea they have attached the Jeaves
and cocoon to the stem with a silken band, which usually entirely
surrounds the stem for a distance of over an inch.
I have collected from 2 to 4 dozen of these cocoons each winter for
the past three years, and occasionally have found them only very
insecurely attached, but in every case where they have been spun
amidst a bunch of fallen leaves, they have had the added protection of
being fastened to some twig.
Last fall I discovered two cocoons, from which the moths had
prematurely emerged, and these were both securely fastened to the end
of the twigs.
I shall read with interest all contributions on the subject, as this
peculiarity may only apply to western America.
J. Wn. Cocke, Kaslo, B. C.
BOOK NOTICES.
A List or NorTH AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA, and Key to the Literature
of this Order of Insects.—By Harrison G. Dyar, Ph. D. Bulletin of
the United States National Museum, No. 52. Washington, D. C.,
Government Printing Office, 1902. 1 vol. 8vo.; pp., XIX., 723.
Students of Lepidoptera throughout North America have been
looking forward with great interest to the publication of Dr. Dyar’s
List, and have been full of hope that it would afford them an
authoritative and final settlement of the nomenclature of our butterflies
and moths, which for many years has been in a state of change and
instability. We fear that this hope will be seriously disappointed.
The changes in many instances appear so arbitrary, the multiplication of
genera so inordinate, the absolute extinction of many familiar names so
far from necessary, that the ordinary student will feel much hesitation in
adopting this List as his guide, and unlearning so much that he has known
regarding the names of his specimens. He will naturally be inclined to
think that the List cannot be final, and that it will be safer for him to wait
for further developments before he changes a large proportion of the labels
in his cabinet and fills his notebooks with new names,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 141
Since its publication in 1891, Prof. J. B. Smith’s List has been
generally adopted, and most collections are labelled in accordance with it.
Some changes in generic names have here and there been accepted, and
specific names have in various cases been dropped into synonymy, their
places being taken by others whose authority has been established. These
changes, however, have not been numerous, and their propriety has
usually been made evident. In the new List, to take the butterflies alone,
we find that Dr. Dyar gives 652 species, and divides them into no less
than 158 genera. Dr. Skinner’s List, in 1898, gave 645 species and 65
genera, and Prof. Smith’s, 640 species and 74 genera. While the number
of species has been very slightly increased, the number of genera is more
than doubled.
These generic names, set forth by Dr. Dyar, are, for the most part,
those of Hubner and Dr. Scudder. Thirty years ago controversy raged
over the adoption of Hubner’s names and those contained in Dr.
Scudder “Systematic Revision of some of the North American
Butterflies.” Mr. W. H. Edwards, author of the magnificent work on
‘‘The Butterflies of North America,” led what may be called the
conservative party, while those who favoured the revolution ranged
themselves under the banner of Dr. Scudder. In process of time the
conflict died out, and many of the names so strongly objected to were
adopted by common consent, while others were dropped, even by Dr.
Scudder himself in his subsequent grand work on “ The Butterflies of the
Eastern United States and Canada.” In the List before us, Dr. Dyar has
not implicitly followed Dr. Scudder’s final work, but has made a certain
number of changes even from it. He may be abundantly justified by
“the laws of priority ” in nearly all that he has done—we cannot pretend
to have such a knowledge of the literature as would permit us to deny it
—but it seems a pity that genera should be split up where structural
differences do not require it, merely because Hubner set forth a variety of
names more than a century ago.
The list is admirably printed, and provides a most welcome reference
to the literature of the subject in the case of every genus and species, but
we must complain that no mention is made of the familiar generic names
that have been dropped, which surely might have been recorded as
synonyms. Such old-established names as Pieris, Colias, Melitea,
Grapta, Pyrameis, Lyczna, Callimorpha, Hydicecia and others have
disappeared, and are not even to be found in the very comprehensive
142 . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
index. This is a great misfortune, as the rising generation of entomolo-
gists who accept this book will have nothing by which to connect the new
designations with those employed in the older literature.
Time and space will not permit us to discuss the larger field of the
Heterocera. Many, no doubt, will be surprised at the arrangement
of families, which places the Notodontidz, Bombycide, etc., between the
Noctuide and Geometride. The restoration of the Papilionidz to the
head of the Lepidoptera has been fully justified by Prof. Grote.
The preparation of this list has evidently involved a very large
expenditure of time and labour, and we must all acknowledge that the
author has placed us under a deep debt of obligation to him. The
work, notwithstanding any criticisms that may be passed upon it,
is an extremely valuable one, and will be found by its possessors to be
most useful, and, indeed, indispensable. Though we may not agree with
it on all points, we must admit its excellence and importance, and we beg
to congratulate the author on his achievement, and thank him for what he
has accomplished. Our hearty thanks are also due to the Smithsonian
Institution for its generosity in issuing the work free of charge.
By a strange oversight the CANADIAN ENTomoLocisT has been
omitted from the periodicals in the list of works quoted, though it is
referred to on nearly every page of the book.
ELEMENTARY STUDIES IN INSECT LirE.—By Samuel J. Hunter, Univer-
sity of Kansas. Crane & Company, publishers, Topeka, Kansas.
I, VOL, ,OV0s, Dp. 3445° (Pnice Siena)
We are glad to welcome a book from the West that aims at popular-
izing the study of Entomology. Prof. Hunter’s object is ‘ to induce the
student to become acquainted, through personal observations in the field
and laboratory, with some of the important biological problems presented
by insects.” He carries out his plan in a series of well-illustrated chapters
dealing with the lives of some typical insects, their special senses and pro-
tective devices, those that live solitary or social lives, their instincts and
their relations to plants ; these are followed by short descriptions of injuri-
ous and beneficial insects, and of the principal orders, and some remarks
upon their geographical distribution and their struggle for life. The re-
mainder of the book gives instructions for forming a collection, for breed-
ing specimens in order to observe their life-history and for laboratory work
for the study of their structure. The volume is profusely illustrated with
two plates and over 250 figures, most of which are original and excellent.
Tt will no doubt be found of much service by beginners in the pursuit of
Entomology and by teachers who are called upon to give instruction in
Nature Study.
Mailed May 2nd, 1903.
CAN; SENT, VOL, SOK PLATE 5
My a,
ase)
a
Apantesis ornata (male). lpantesis ornata (female). Apantesis ornata,
phyllira. UG phalerata (female). var. achaia.
Nevadensis, 2S ae rectilinea.
var. zncorrupia (male). 3 ne (male). ee obliterata.
cs wt 2 Quenselit,
(female). af superba. var. furbans (male)
celia. We Williamsti, py
Williamsti, var. deferminata (male). se ‘* (female),
var. determinata (female). es ‘*(melanic mal
he Ganadiay Hatomalogist,
Vou. XXXV. LONDON, JUNE, 1903. No. 6
NOTES ON CANADIAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS APAN-
PESTS (ARC ITA), WITH SPECIAL. REFERENCE
TO THE LARVA.
BY ARTHUR GIBSON, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY, CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL
FARM, OTTAWA.
(Continued from page 123.)
9. QUENSELII, var. TURBANS.—Probably one of the most interesting
surprises we have had since studying these insects, is the fact that the
form just mentioned has been taken, and not uncommonly, for some
seasons, at several points in Manitoba and the Northwest Territories.
The first specimens we examined were collected ‘‘at light” at Calgary, by
Mr. T. N. Willing. Afterwards Mr. F. H. Wolley-Dod, of Millarville,
Alta., forwarded us a beautiful series of nine specimens for study, and
Mr. Norman Cridd!e, of Aweme, Man., also was good enough to send us
four examples. Besides these 13, Mr. Willing forwarded seven specimens.
While in Washington, in December, 1902, Dr. Fletcher submitted a series
of the moths to Dr. Dyar, who compared them with the original descrip-
tion of ¢urbans, afterwards expressing himself as certain that our
Northwestern form was this variety of guwense/iz.
The 20 specimens before me are fairly uniform, and have a wing
expanse of 26-35 mm. None of them show any traces of spots or
markings on the secondaries other than those shown in the specimens on
the accompanying plate. The markings on the primaries vary chiefly in
width, but the three specimens figured give a good idea of the moth.
Only one specimen shows any departure, and in this, as will be seen by
the photograph, there is a decided tendency to melanism, but only,
however, on the primaries. The secondaries of all the males, excepting
two, are distinctly yellow, the same colour as wirguncula, and the
marginal markings are remarkably uniform and distinct, with no tendency
whatever to melanism. The hind wings of the females are likewise
yellow, with the exception of those of two specimens which are orange,
144 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
the same as the two males. The moths remind one, somewhat, of
virguncula, and have been so labelled by some students. They are,
however, easily separated from that species, being smaller, and having
more white markings on the primaries.
Mr. Wolley-Dod says that the moths are “ very common during dry
seasons, less so of late years,” and that the reddish tinge on the second-
aries seems unusual. He also says that the larva feeds chiefly on what he
believes to be Ga/ium, the imagoes appearing about the end of July and
in August. I hope that western collectors will be on the lookout for
females of this interesting Arctian, and try to obtain eggs so that we may
learn something of its life-history.
Distribution. —Olds, Alta., August 9, 11 (Willing); Sylvan Glade,
near Olds, Alta., Aug. 26 (Willing); Calgary, Alta., Aug. 7 (Willing); July
29, 30 (bred), Aug. 3 (bred), 5, 8, 9, 12, 16, 18 (Wolley-Dod); Aweme,
Man. (Criddle).
to. OBLITERATA.—While Dr. Dyar was examining the specimens of
quenselit, var. turbans, just referred to, he made the discovery that one of
Mr. Wolley-Dod’s examples, which we had associated with that form, was
the lost species odditerata. The noticeable differences between this
specimen and the others are, as is shown on the plate, the presence of two
additional discal spots on the secondaries, and a dark dash leading to the
base of the wing. The colour of the secondaries is orange, the same as
in some specimens of fuzbans. It would appear that od/:terafa may be
only a variety of ¢wrdans, but of course further investigation is needed,
and I trust the opportunity will come to some one living where furbans
occurs.
Distribution.—Calgary, Alta., Aug. 15 (Wolley-Dod).
11. BoLANDERI.—A single ¢ collected at Aweme, Man., by Mr.
Criddle, has been so named by Dr. Dyar. This Arctian is given in Dr.
Dyar’s new catalogue as a synonym of SVakei, and the specimen in
question agrees very well with the figure of 4Zake/ on Plate V., Proc. Ent.
Soc. Philad., Vol. III. ‘Three @ moths received from Mr. Wolley-Dod,
and collected at Calgary, Alta., which we cannot exactly place, come very
close to Mr. Criddle’s specimen, but are larger. Dr. Dyar has published
the life-history of Bocanderi in the Proceedings of the Boston Society of
Natural History, Vol. XXVI., and describes the larva* as “ black, dorsal
*Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. VIII., p. 46.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 145
band vermilion red, pale in the incisures; segments white dotted
posteriorly; wart ii bright red at base, the subventral warts pale. Hair
stiff, reddish subventrally.” Our Canadian form ought to be bred to see
if the larvee agree with those studied by Dr. Dyar. Doubtless the species
will have to be gone over several times before we can get a true
knowledge of its variations.
Distribution.—Aweme, Man. (Criddle).
12. NEVADENSIS, var. INCORRUPTA.—This is another Arctian which
we did not know occurred in Canada. It also has been found in the
West, the only specimens we know of having been collected at Calgary,
Alta.,and Aweme, Man. The 10 examples we have examined (7 6, 32)
are very similar in markings and do not show any variation other than
that appearing on the accompanying plate. The moth is an attractive
one, the colour of the secondaries of all the specimens being almost a
poppy-red, or rose vermilion. The colour of the abdomen above is the
same as that of the hind wings, excepting at the tip, where it is a cream
colour, as is also the ventral surface, excepting in the 3 2 andi ¢ which
have the under surface of the abdomen black with the posterior edge of
each segment ringed with white. nb alin wal aie hee eee . . Cephen.
Joint 3 shorter on 4; veinaa little nefare Vy: an ill, more nar-
rowed above; III,;, acute; labial palpi ordinary ; abdominal
fascize, when present, continuous on segments 4-5, interrupted, re-
duced or wanting on 1-3... ..... wn wid 6 ule ids “pl pre eae
S: ‘aicierg chain uate tamenA >. Perret oe
Joint 3 longer than 4, rarely a Little cKoriae’ ous ele V5 hs Sa
4. Head and thorax without yellow ornaments, Stage sutures, depressed
and concealed portions black ; vein a interstitial with V,; apex of
hind tibiz with black curved bristles; joints 3-4 subequal; abdomen
red, a whitish spot on each side of segments 2-3, two subdiscal,
usually cuneate, spots on 4, and a transverse spot on 5; these
marks sometimes wanting on 4, rarely on 2 and 5. ........Phor.
Head and thorax with yellow ornaments, usually black. . Ho/onomada.
5. Head and thorax without er ornaments ; vein a before
Vien ose : wee ee de og eee 5 suet aaa ania
Head and hata th ealgat ornaments’ ).-. 25/7. Senn se
6. Vein rm usually (75°4) wanting in one or both wings; largely red ;
segments 2-5 with yellow fascie, sometimes interrupted
GH Siew eee PE ceo, Ge MPS ef ee
Vein xm present ; mesonotum witli “fois 7aline tinea segments 1-6
with yellow bands... 2.5... cee + cane oe © 0 sie elena
Males.
Mandibles . bidentate... «4... schaie-.c = = os 5 os bals eee
Mandibles simple: «2... . 0.0. +s 15 2 swe an ose =)
1. Front coxz simple, ee on denticudata) with short, indistinct
spines . pba tists a0! ve eee spats:
Front coxe mettre muhesecnt spines ; ahicnen disorctta punctured. .
2. Scape ordinary ; joint 3 longer than 4; vein a beyond, or Sk eae
with, V,; cell III; subquadrate, III,,. obtuse ; segment
7 DIAG. co Ss eleva tele oldie © # ec a cee ant gy eg
Scape robust ; joint 4=5+ 6, 5 with a spine beneath ; flagellum usual-
ly yellow beneath, middle joints short, submoniliform, the last pro-
duced to) as pointe? jas. tiesiayy Mate eer os
3. Segment 7 notched ; joint 3 shorter than 4..... 9. sseeee
Segment 7 entire... 55... s sans cwee cs 9 ose OW «pee
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 175
4. Joint 3 shorter than 4; vein a@ interstitial with V,; abdomen red, with
whitish ornaments. nee rae Windatees Wn hors
Joint 3 longer than 4 ; ipdetien Hicie ass ellog
SEP 2 EV ETE C ERE SSA Oe ae eee . . Holonomada.
5. Vein rm usually wanting ; segments r- ie rich valley, Rants: that on 1
usually red.. RUE ep ckseerrn ss spinsysd ACCOsted, Ns. Spy.
AA. Elytral punctuation not disposed in vittz.
b. Tarsi simple. A green-bronzed species, clothed with coarse
WiMLIStiiains..< supcimeliy... «semen yerl te. aes eneolus, Lec.
180 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
bb. Tarsi with third joint lobed beneath.
c. Bright green or bronzed species, pubescence fine,
recumbent, without intermixed bristles.
d. Acuminate behind, the elytra narrowing from
in front of the middle.
-16inch..............acuminatus, Mann.
dd. Form oblong, elytra parallel, or nearly so, to a
point about one-third from tip.
18 inch. .....5 2355 2. ul ee.
ce. Blackish species, metallic tinge lacking or inconspicuous.
e. Pubescence extremely fine, whitish and ochreous,
intermixed with conspicuous black bristle-like
hairs. .17 inch.,.......... 2. s SREB MMe Uee.
ee. Pubescence whitish or yellowish, not intermixed
with bristle-like hairs. .16 inch. hesperus, n. sp.
In a cabinet arrangement it might be better to place odlongus
between acuminatus and eneolus, and to make sudcanus follow hesperus
rather than precede it. This is the sequence I have adopted in the notes
below.
P. Lecontei, n. sp.—Oblong-ovate, very convex, bronzed, shining,
with extremely fine, sparse, recumbent pubescence. Head with fine,
well-separated punctures, front convex. Antenne gradually clavate,
passing the base of the thorax, blackish, the intermediate portion reddish;
first joint large, second subglobose, third nearly twice as long as the
second, but much more slender, fourth to tenth becoming broader, but
subequal in length, eleventh oval, pointed. Thorax broadest at base,
strongly narrowed anteriorly, sides scarcely arcuate, a rather deep
submarginal lateral impression, which curves inward at the hind angles ;
posterior angles large, acute, but with somewhat irregular outline, basal
marginal line distinct, fine, a small fovea in front of the scutellum ; disk
finely, regularly punctured, the punctures separated by a space about
equal to their own diameters. Elytra continuing the outline of the thorax,
becoming slightly broader to a point about one-third from apex, thence
rapidly narrowing, tips separately rounded ; an oblique impression near
the apex, which renders the declivity more gibbous ; surface deeply,
regularly and rather closely punctured in longitudinal bands, which leave
the sutural region and four vitte on each elytron nearly smooth. Beneath
rather coarsely and deeply-punctured abdominal segments becoming
gradually smoother in sequence. Legs closely punctured, all the femora
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 181
grooved ; tibize finely spinulose externally ; the anterior pair somewhat
enlarged towards apex, the middle and hind ones of approximately
uniform width in distal two-thirds. Third tarsal joint with a long lobe.
Length, 8.5 mm.
This species is much larger than any of the other described North
American forms, and looks very much like an Amphicyrta. The peculiar
punctuation of the elytra gives a vittate effect, recalling Cytz/zs, but there is
no alternation of elevation. Only the front tibize are distinctly grooved for
the reception of the tarsi. The antennal club is so gradually formed that
it is difficult to say where it begins ; the third and fourth joints are of
nearly the same width, while in the fifth the enlargement has became
apparent.
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, two specimens, taken by myself in June, under
logs. A third specimen from Vernon, B. C., collected by Mr. Venables
and communicated by Dr, Fletcher, is slightly smaller, more brilliant, and
a trifle more coarsely punctured, the marginal line of the prothorax is less
marked, and the head has a frontal transverse row of three fovez, of
which the middle one is larger and deeper. These fovez are non-essential,
however, since one of my specimens has the median one distinct, the
other showing also traces of the lateral fovee.
P. eneolus, Leconte, New Species of North American Coleoptera,
Sm. Mise. Coll., No. 167, 1866, p. 74. Originally described from a
specimen in the Ulke Collection, captured in Nebraska. I have a
number of examples of a Pedilophorus from Kalispell, Montana, which
may belong here, though I am not quite satisfied with the determination.
Mr. Fall expresses himself as being in doubt as to their exact status, and
neither he nor myself have seen the type, which is now presumably in the
Carnegie Museum at Pittsburg.
P. oblongus, Leconte, Report upon Insects collected on the Survey,
Pacific R.R. Expl. and Surv., 47th and q4oth parallels, p. 39 of separate.
P. acuminatust, Leconte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., Vol. VII., p. 115.
Oregon, Leconte. I have specimens from Seattle, Washington, collected
by S. Bethel.
P. acuminatus, Mannerheim (Aorychus acuminatus), Bull. Soc. Imp.
Nat., Moscow, 1852, p. 341. The type specimens were collected under
stones, among moss, at Sitka, Alaska, by Frankenhzeuser and Pipingskceld.
Dr. Fletcher records itas being taken at Massett, Queen Charlotte Islands,
under moss during the winter, by Rev. J. H. Keen, I took a single
182 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
individual at Hunter’s Bay, Alaska, from a cut place on the trunk of a
conifer. Two specimens in my cabinet, collected by Rev. Geo. W.
Taylor, at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, are a little more deeply punctured.
P. hesperus, n. sp.—Oblong, blackish, feebly shining, a faint zneous
tinge, pubescence pale, recumbent, moderately coarse. Head deeply and
densely, rather coarsely, punctured, front with a distinct median fovea,
around which the punctures are less crowded. Antenne gradually
clavate, about reaching the base of the thorax, piceous-red, club blackish ;
first joint large and heavy, second subglobose, not quite as thick as the
first, third more slender than the second but nearly as long, fourth and
fifth subequal, a trifle shorter than the third, sixth broader, seventh to
tenth wide, subequal in length, eleventh nearly twice as long as the tenth,
oval, pointed. Thorax distinctly, finely and rather closely punctured,
narrowed anteriorly, the sides not arcuate but slightly sinuate, lateral
margin sharp, front and hind angles acute. Scutelluim covered with pale
yellowish pubescence. Elytra continuing the outline of the thorax, finely,
distinctly and fairly closely punctured and indistinctly sulcate, sides
subparallel, tips conjointly rounded. Beneath rufo-piceous, thickly clothed
with pale pubescence, which almost conceals the sculpture, especially on
the abdomen. Legs piceous, femora paler, all grooved for the reception
of the tibie. Tibize spinulose externally, front and middle pairs with
exterior margin arcuate, hind pair simply broader. towards tip. Third
tarsal joint lobed beneath. Length, 4 mm.
Leadville, Colorado, July, taken by myself under stones on a hillside.
The front tibiz alone are grooved for the reception of the tarsi. The
antenne are much stouter in comparison than those of P. Lecontez. In
general appearance this insect approaches P. sudcanus, but is at once
distinguished by the lack of bristly hairs among the pubescence. From
acuminatus it may readily be separated by colour and outline ; od/ongus
differs in the bright green colour, strongly shining surface and lack of
elytral sulcations, while @zeo/us should at once be separable by the simple
tarsi.
P. subcanus, Leconte, Coleoptera of Michigan, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.,
XVIT., 1878, p. 609. Described from Escanaba, Lake Superior. I have
it from Bayfield, Wisconsin, on the southern shore of the same lake, and
from Leadville, Colorado.
Mailed June 4th, 1903.
Che Canadian ¥intomologist.
Vou. XXXV. LONDON, JULY, 1903. No. 7
~~ COLEOPTEROUS: CONUNDRUM
BY ANNIE TRUMBULL SLOSSON.
A year ago, May 1902, 1 hada peculiar entomological experience.
I had returned from Florida to my home in New York about the middle
of April, had spent two or three weeks arranging and classifying my
captures of the winter, sending off duplicates and doubtful species to
specialists, and preparing my collection for the summer months of my
absence. A full fortnight must pass before I should leave town for my
New Hampshire summer home, and I already pined for a little collecting.
Suddenly I recalled the existence of some old boxes of insects which had
been crowded out of my regular collection-room some years before. They
were in a closet opening from a hall on the second floor. This closet had
been built especially for the preservation of woollen clothing and its
protection from ravages of the devouring moth, its walls, shelves and
drawers being made of red cedar. But after a period of many years—
nearly forty, I think—the wood has lost its protective odour, and the place
is often visited by insect pests. It, however, still bears the name of the
“ cedar-closet,’ and here had been stored for several years the overflow
from my collection. In a leisure hour, one chilly May day, feeling a
touch of the entomologist’s fitful fever, I said to a friend, in a sportive
mood, “‘I am going to try the cedar-closet, who knows what discoveries
I may make in those old boxes of bugs?” As unconscious of the great
discovery awaiting me there as was probably Isaac Newton before that
attractedly gravitating apple fell to the ground, I started on my quest.
The first box I opened contained lepidoptera from Franconia, chiefly
moths, taken several years before, and of little value or rarity. It was a
wreck, clouds of dust rose from it as I lifted the cover, and broken bits of
wings and bodies rolled about as I moved the box. Disagreeable, stealthy
Anthrenus larve, of all sizes, glided about among the ruins. Of course
this must be attended to, and the infested specimens thrown away ; so I
carried the box with its contents to my room for further examination,
Ls4 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
There was a little fire burning in a low grate, and into this I began
throwing the insect debris. As I tried to pick up some of the slippery
Anthrenus larve I noticed among them what seemed to be tiny brown
ants. I had never seen any ants in the cedar-closet, so wetting my finger
I lifted one of the little creatures and dropped it into a poison bottle.
When it was quiet I took it out and examined it with my magnifying
glass. It was no ant, but—what was it? I had never seen anything
resembling it. Indeed, for a time I was not sure even to what order it
belonged. Was it hemipterous, hymenopterous, coleopterous, or what?
I put a half dozen specimens into the bottle, and a little later mounted
two of them on a card triangle and sent them to Mr. Liebeck, in
Philadelphia, for identification. At this juncture I felt no excitement,
not much curiosity. Though quite unfamiliar to me, the species was
probably well known to experienced entomologists as a museum pest;
thus I thought to myself. But next day came a postal from Mr. Liebeck.
He did not recognize my capture ; had seen nothing like it; had it not
been introduced with some of my specimens from South Florida? he
asked. “It is a very curious insect, apterous, you see. Though provided
with jaws and elytra, the usual characteristics of coleoptera, its antennz
seem very peculiar ones for a beetle. But I will examine it further
and report.” Thus he wrote, and I began to feel the first thrill of interest.
This certainly could not be a familiar museum pest if such an experienced
entomologist as Mr. Liebeck failed to recognize it. I went back to my
box of infested moths and sought more specimens of the cunning little
pest, securing about twenty specimens. ‘These I carried with me to the
mountains when I went there the latter part of May. Soon after my
arrival in Franconia I sent specimens to Mr. Frederick Blanchard, and he
wrote concerning them: ‘These beetles are very queer indeed; I
haven’t at present the slightest idea what they are related to. They
reminded me at first sight of certain small Hemiptera. I hope to send
you something further about them before very long.”
A fortnight later Mr. Blanchard wrote again: “ The very remarkable
little beetle which you found devouring your specimens with Anthrenus is
still an interrogation. I can, so far, find nothing at all like it in any of my
boxes. A week ago I sent sketches with details, asking Henshaw’s aid,
but I haven’t a word from him yet. The beetle is so very peculiar it
should be easily identified if well known. The antennz appear to be
entire and alike in both specimens, but with only nine joints, 3-5 being
a
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 185
4
rather difficult to count, they are so small. One of the long joints is
shorter than the others, but I don’t recall whether it is the 7th or 8th.
This is a very peculiar form of antenna, and would still be so if there were
the normal number of eleven joints. Your insect is furnished with a single
ocellus between the eyes, which is a very rare character in beetles. Some
Dermestide have one ocellus, and in the Homalini of the Staphylinide
there are two somewhat distant ones. The only other instance I have been
able to find is in the case of Aylotomus bucephalus, from Sierra Leone,
belonging to the family Pausside, which is not represented in this
country. Here there are again two ocelli. I shall probably hear from
Cambridge in a day or two, and will write you again.” A few days later
he wrote: ‘‘I heard from Henshaw yesterday. Like myself, he is unable
to furnish any clue at all to the beetle’s relations. I think that all that can
be said of it is that it is a member of the great Serricorn series, which
includes such a variety of types. In the Leconte and Horn Classification
this embraces families XXXIX.—LI., but Casey (Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc.,
Vol. VI., p. 76) is inclined to go further and add several other groups,
hitherto considered Clavicorn. Just where your beetle comes in I can’t
say. The whole arrangement of the Serricornia would have to be care-
fully studied first, as it does not appear that your anomaly belongs to any
recognized family.” I had, in one of my letters to Mr. Blanchard, spoken
of the varied contents of the cedar-closet in which the puzzling pest was
found, and hinted jocosely that the presence of some ancient Egyptian
relics, mummy wrappings, beads and images of Osiris, might possibly
account for this strange visitant. He writes: ‘I note your playful
remarks about a possible relation to ancient Egyptian dynasties, disclosed
from the tombs of the Pharaohs and starting upon a new career of useless-
ness, and am reminded of the stories of still fertile seeds of grain reported
to have been taken from tombs in the land of the Nile.”
In the meantime I had sent specimens to Messrs. Schwarz and Fall.
The former was too busy just them to reply, but I heard through others
that he was unable to throw any light on the matter. Mr. Fall wrote:
“ T have just received your letter and the box containing specimens of that
most astonishing little creature found eating your specimens in New York.
I would like much to know the circumstances a little more exactly.
Were the specimens attacked native or exotic? If native, were they from
Florida? And how long had they been in the box? Could they have
found access from any other source in the closet itself? I feel sure that
186 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
the beetle is not a member of our fauna. I saw Mr. Schwarz in Wash-
ington, and asked him if he had located your find. He said he could
make nothing of it. I shall at once send one, at least, of the specimens
to Dr. Sharp, and will promptly report to you what he says. An attempt
to place it with our classification gives only negative results, but it certainly
possesses as many points in common with the Lymexylide as with any
family which we have. But that frontal ocellus!! And those antenne !!!
I hope to study it further soon.” A few weeks later Mr. Fall wrote again,
and, referring to what he calls “‘ your conundrum which none of us can
guess,” he said: ‘I sent a specimen to Dr. Sharp, of Cambridge,
England, and have to-day received a letter from him, in which he admits
never having seen anything like it. There is nothing at al] resembling it
in the Palearctic fauna, he says. He doesn’t know what family to assign
it to, but suggests that it may belong to the Dermestidz, on the strength
of the frontal ocellus. The mystery deepens. The creature is such a
ghostly, unsubstantial thing for a beetle—a regular coleopterous ghoul—
that I almost find myself wondering if, when I look in the box again, I
won’t find it vanished into thin air. Did you find it actually feeding on
the specimens? Was there sign of larve? Pardon my numerous ques-
tions, but the case is so remarkable that I would get all possible informa-
tion. We must, perhaps, put some coleopterous Sherlock Holmes on the
trail to run this fellow down.” After another letter from me he writes :
“The fact that you found numerous larve of Anthrenus in your box of
moths would certainly account for the damage done, but the further fact
of shaking these little creatures from the bodies of the moths would
indicate that they themselves were not entirely guiltless. I suppose the
age and character of the box is such tnat the beetles could not possibly
have come from its wood or lining? Well, I give it up.” And there my
story practically ends.
Before I left New York in May I had bottled all the specimens I could
find in the infested box and returned it, with its debris of half-devoured
insects, to the cedar-closet. There also were at least a half dozen similar
boxes containing insects, all infested by Anthrenus, and possibly other
pests, but not one of the little anomalous creatures could be found among
these. On my return in October I at once opened the closet and
examined my “ traps ” with their tempting bait. Not a sign of the curious
beetle was there. Nor has it ever reappeared. My little stock obtained
a year ago is much diminished, I having sent specimens to various corre-
spondents. Shall I ever find more specimens of what I have sometimes,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 187
in chat over my discovery, styled Zynotus enigmaticus? I trow not.
For me—a woman, and therefore, of course, full of vain imaginings—
those creatures had no beginning ; no egg, grub or pupa preceded them ;
no weary, slow-paced evolutionary process developed the strange little
beings. They sprang into full, perfect imago life in those May days,
having no family, no relations, belonging to no class, their secret to be
unlocked by no key, artificial or natural ; unfathomable mysteries, unsolv-
able problems, unguessable conundrums. Was it to confound the wise
they came? to fulfil a prophecy I find in a certain old book, ‘“ Then
shall the seers be ashamed, and the diviners confounded ”?
BUTTERFLY NOTES FROM TORONTO FOR so9e2.
BY J. B. WILLIAMS, F. Z. S.
On the 24th of May I went collecting, with a friend, in High Park.
We each took a specimen of the Tailed-Blue (Z. comyntas), but found,
as we had expected, that it was too early for Scudder’s Blue. On turning
over an old boot that was lying on the grass, [ saw a chrysalis of Z.
Scudderii attached to the under side ; an ant was also on the sole of the
beot, and ran round and round and over the chrysalis several times
before going away; being, apparently, quite agitated by the disturbance.
Is it possible that this ant was keeping some sort of guard over the
chrysalis, as ants are supposed to do over the larvee of Z. Scudderit? Its
presence on the boot may have been merely accidental, but still, its
movements gave one the impression that it was loth to leave the chrysalis,
and would have liked to carry it away, if that had been possible.
A slight touch removed the pupa from the boot, and I kept it until
the 30th of May, when the butterfly emerged, and proved to be a female.
On September 20 and 27 I collected in two places where large
numbers of the Clouded Sulphur (Colas philodice) were flying about,
and noticed a good many of the white female form. I took five of them,
altogether, and saw several more that I did not capture.
In 1901, I do not remember seeing a single white specimen. Is it
right to speak of these females as albinos, at any rate, in the ordinary
sense in which that word is used? Mr. Grote suggested, in the CANADIAN
Entomo.ocist for April, 1902, the probability of the dark female form
“olaucus” of Papilio turnus, being a recurrence of the colour of an
earlier species from which it had been derived; as female butterflies
generally represent the conservative element, and males the liberal or
progressive side, of insect life.
188 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The white female of PAz/odice may, therefore, be a colour survival of
some whitish butterfly from which all the species of Co/zas were originally
derived. Some of them have still altogether white females ; while others,
like our Philodice, have the two forms—the older type being the scarcer
of the two. Northern Asia seems to be the special home of the genus, so
that the original P/Az/odice may have come to us from north-east Siberia,
via Alaska ; and perhaps somewhat resembled the existing Arctic Sulphur
(C. nastes ).
There is a small opening in the woods at High Park, where Leonard’s
Skipper is usually abundant, during the brief period of its existence as a
butterfly. A stream runs along one side, and grass and flowers and bits
of marshy ground make it an ideal home for several members of the
Skipper family.
On the 30th of August I found plenty of males there that had
recently emerged, but none of the other sex. By the middle of September
females were plentiful, but males hard to find. One wet and cloudy
afternoon, when all other butterflies had disappeared, two specimens of
Leonardus were seen resting on the flowering plants in this opening. I
went there on September the 27th, hoping to bring home some live
females and secure some eggs, but all had disappeared. So that in this
locality, apparently, their butterfly existence lasts for barely one month
out of the twelve. Many common butterflies were scarce last summer,
owing, I suppose, to the comparatively cold and wet season; but the
Skippers did not seem to be much affected thereby, and were plentiful all
through the summer.
TWELVE-SPOTTED ASPARAGUS BEETLE IN CONNECTICUT.
Crioceris 12-punctata, Linn., is an introduced species, and has been
working northward from Maryland, according to Professor J. B. Smith,
who some time ago informed me that it was present in New Jersey, and
would in time reach Connecticut. The first specimen recorded from the
State was taken by a student assistant June, 16th, 1902, who collected a
single specimen on asparagus upon the Station grounds in New Haven.
On May 23rd, 1903, I took male and female specimens from the same
locality. We may now expect this species to become thoroughly
established here as a pest of asparagus, injuring the plants in the same
manner as the common asparagus beetle, C. asparagi, Linn,—W. E.
Britton, New Haven, Conn,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 189
ASNEW CULICID GENUS RELATED TO CORETHRA.
BY D. W. COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D. C.
The genus Corethra was founded by Meigen in 1803,* on Zzpula
culiciformis, De Geer, and in April, 1844, Loew erected the genus
Mochlonyx,; on Corethra velutina, Ruthe, basing it on the shortened first
joint of the tarsi, a character mentioned by Ruthe in his original descrip-
tion. The characters of the tarsi of cudiciformis cannot be ascertained
from De Geer’s description and figures.{ On page 386 of the same volume
of his Memoires, which contains the account of this species, is a descrip-
tion and brief account of a related species, which he named Zipula
crystallina, with a reference to Reaumur’s Memoires, V., plate 6, figures
4-15, where, at 4 and 7, amore slender larva without a trace of a subanal
respiratory tube is shown, contrasting with the broader larva furnished with
a large respiratory tube, as represented in De Geer’s figures of culiciformis ;
the descriptions and figures which these authors give of crysta//ina do not
indicate the characters of the tarsal joints of the adult. Thus matters
stood at the time that Loew erected his genus J/och/onyx, and continued
so until the year 1883.
In that year Dr. Fr. Meinert, of Copenhagen, published the results of
his breeding of the adults from these two forms of larvze,$ asserting that
the tubeless larva of crysta//ina produced an adult with elongated first
tarsal joints as in Corethra in the sense of Loew, whereas the adult bred
from the larva of cudiciformis had the very short first tarsal joints of
Mochlonyx. Some of the adults last mentioned were submitted to V. von
Roder, of Hoym, Germany, an experienced dipterologist, who confirmed
their reference to AZoch/onyx,|| adding that, with the exception of having
the hairs on the abdomen and legs shorter, they are identical with Ruthe’s
species, two specimens of which were in his collection, received from
Ruthe himself. It seems very certain, therefore, that the type species of
*TIliger’s Magasin, II., p. 260. +Ent. Zeit. Stettin, p. 121. {Memoires, VI., p.
372, pl. 23, figs. 3-12. SOvers. Kon. Danske Vid. Selsk, Forh., pp. 1-17, and
Resume, pp. 7-11. |\|Entom, Nach., July, 1885, p. 217.
190 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Mochlonyx, if not the same, is at least congeneric with that of Corethra ;
in other words, Loew applied the former name to the wrong division of
Corethra, in consequence of which his proposed new generic name is a
pure synonym of the latter.
Owing to the mistake of Loew, it will be necessary to give a new
generic name to the group representing Corethra, Loew (not Meigen), and
for this genus the name Sayomy/a is proposed, in honour of the immortal
Thomas Say ; it will be readily recognized among the short-beaked Culi-
cidz by having the hairs of the antenne gathered into whor!s, the inter-
vening spaces being almost bare, and by having the first tarsal joint
longer than the second. ‘The type species 1s Corethra punctipennis, Say.
The genus Corethra (= Mochlonyx) has not yet been reported from
this country. Several years ago I received a specimen from Mrs. Annie
T. Slosson, collected at Franconia, N. H., and later two more specimens
were received from the same source, while in April of the present year the
same species was detected at Mt. Vernon, Va., by Mr. W. V. Warner, of
the U. S. National Museum. This species will readily be recognized by
its banded legs and mottled wings, and may be characterized as follows :
Corethra cinctipes, new species.
Blackish brown, the apices of the antennal joints except the last joint,
the halteres, bases of the segments of abdomen in the male, base and
under side of femora, a broad band near four-fifths of their length, their
extreme apices, bases of tibiz and a band near one-fourth of their length,
also bases of the first three or four joints of the tarsi, yellow; hairs of male
antenne brown, their bases yellow, those at tips of antennz almost wholly
yellow ; thorax grayish pruinose, marked with four black vittz ; wings
grayish hyaline, hairs of veins black and with yellow ones as follows: on
the bases and apices of the veins, on the first vein where the second issues
from it, on the second vein where the third issues from it and at the point
where it forks, on the fourth vein at the insertion of the cross-vein and also
where this vein forks, and on the fifth vein where it forks ; first sub-
marginal cell nearly twice as long as its petiole, cross-vein at apex of
second basal cell less than its length before the one above it; tarsal claws
of male each bearing two long, slender teeth on the under side, one near
the base and the other near the middle, those of the female with a single
tooth near the base of each; length, 3 to 4.5 mm. Five males and one
female. Type No. 6839, U. S. National Museum,
EEE
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 191
SOME NEW RECORDS OF COCCIDA:.
BY GEO. B. KING, LAWRENCE, MASS.
The following list of Coccidee, which have been sent to me for study,
adds considerably to the known range of a large number of species, while
several new food-plants are indicated ; and as no records of the species
herein cited have appeared, to my knowledge, other than in one or two
instances in some of my published papers on the Coccid@, it seems,
therefore, that these miscellaneous results should be recorded. It will
also show to some extent what is being done in a private laboratory for
the advancement of science. I have classified the records for my own
convenience into States as follows :
MAINE.
These were all collected and sent to me by Mr. Oliver O. Stover, of
Freeport, Maine, in 1gor ; the first two species living out of doors and
the remainder being found under glass in greenhouses.
Calymnatus hesperidum and Aspidiotus hedere on Hedera hybernica
were associated together.
Mytilaspis ulmi, 1.., on apple twigs, Portland, Me.
Chionaspis furfurus, Fitch, on bark of apple, Westbrook, Me.
Diaspis Loisduvali, Sign., on Latania barbarica and Livingstonta
Chinensis, Portland, Me.
Aspidiotus hedere, Vall., on Oleander at Westbrook, and on
Japonica variegata, Portland, and on Hedera hybernica at Portland, Me.
Calymnatus hesperidum, ., on Yucca, Westbrook, Me.
VERMONT.
These were collected by Mr. C. Abbot Davis, of Providence, R. I.,
in 1902, at Burlington, Vt.
Eulecanium quercitronis, ¥itch., on oak.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, Rathy., on maple.
CONNECTICUT.
Prof. W. E. Britton, of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment
Station, New Haven, Conn., sent the following in 1902 :
Saissetia filicum, Boisd., on fern (Hyrtominum falcatum) in Station
greenhouse.
Saissetia hemispherica, Targ., on fern ( Pterts trimula), and Dryop-
teris mollis ? in Station greenhouse,
192 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Lulecanium Kingti, Ckil., on sassafrass, and an Lulecanium, Sp.,
found on grapevine, Bristo!, Conn., which were in poor condition and
undeterminable.
Dr. Geo. Dimmock, of Springfield, Mass., on a short collecting trip
found the following species in Conn. in 1900:
Saissetia hemispherica, Targ., on two distinct species of fern in a
greenhouse, Warehouse Point, Conn.
Mytilaspis ulmi, L., on leather leaf (Cassandra calyculata) and on
Fraxinus Americana, Milford, Conn.
Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Marg., on Ficus elastica under glass,
Enfield, Conn.
Asterolecanium variolosum, Ratz.—Sent to me recently by Prof.
Britton ; on scarlet oak ; found by the superintendent of parks in
Hartford, on a single tree in a nursery. The scales evidently had killed
the tree, as the twigs sent me were dead.
RHODE ISLAND.
Mr. C. Abbot Davis collected and sent the following in 1902 :
Eulecanium nigrofasciatum, Perg., on soft maple in Roger Williams
Park, Providence, R. I., and attended by ants.
Eulecanium quercitronis, Fitch., on black and white oak and white
maple ; also on cork tree (imported) in Roger Williams Park, Prov., R. I.
Eulecanium Fletchert, Ckll., on white cedar, Providence.
Eulecanium cerasifex, Fitch., on wild black cherry, peach and pear.
Eulecanium Cockerelli, on wild black cherry, Prov., R. I.
Eulecanium persice, Fabr., on linden and pear, attended by Formica
lasioides, var. picea, Km.
Eulecanium Canadense, Ckll.. on red and white maple, tulip tree,
linden and two other imported trees, species unknown, in Roger Williams
Park, Providence.
Eulecanium cynosbati, ¥itch., on locust, Providence.
Calymnatus hesperidum,\..,on orange in a dwelling-house, Providence.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, Rathy., on an imported tree in Roger
Williams Park, Prov.
Pulvinaria rhois, Ehrh., on sumac, Providence.
Kermes Kingit, Ckll., on black oak, in Roger Williams Park, Prov.
Kermes pubescens, Bogue, on white oak in Roger Williams Park,
Prov,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 193
Gossyparia ulmi, Geoff.,on bark of elm in Roger Williams Park,
Prov.
Phenococcus acericola, King, on maple, Providence.
Aspidiotus, sp., probably new, on white pine, Providence ; not
sufficient for study.
Chionaspis furfurus, Fitch., on bark of apple, Providence.
Chionaspis pinifolit, Fitch., on white and Scotch pine, Roger
Williams Park, Prov.
Chionaspis Americana, Johns, on elm, Providence.
Mytilaspis ulmi, L., on dogwood ?
The following species were found associated together: &. cerasifex
and £. Cockere/ii on wild cherry, Z. persice and E. Canadense on linden,
EL. persica and EL. cerasifex on pear, £.cerasifex and EF. Cockerelli on elm.
GEORGIA.
The following were received from Prof. W. M. Scott, State
Entomologist of Georgia, 1902 :
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, Rathv., on pecan and black gum at
Albany.
Eulecanium magnoliarum, Ckll., on Magnolia grandiflora, Mar-
shallville.
Lulecanium tulipifere, Cook, on tulip tree.
_ MISSISSIPPI.
The following were received from Prof. Glenn W. Herrick, of the
Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station in 1902:
Chrysomphalus tenebricosus, Comst., on maple, Vicksburg, Miss.
Aspidiotus perniciosus, Comst., on peach, Deean, Miss.
Aspidiotus Forbesi, Johns, on peach, Stinson, Miss.
ILLINOIS.
Eulecanium fraxini, King, on bark of ash, Urbana, IIl., sent in by
Prof. F. M. Webster, January, 1903.
Lulecanium Folsomi, Ckll. This isa small flat species found by
Prof. Folsom in 1902 on paw-paw, at Urbana, Ill.
Antenne 6-jointed, in p as follows :
MOMS Ete 3, ken, eee AO
40) 36° 02.5 100420)" (40
408 30. O62 -eG- 2A. 6
194 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Legs thin ; coxa, 88; femur and trochanter, 108; tibia, 92; tarsus, 76 ;
claw, 16; marginal spines of two sizes, 16 and 32» long. Stigmatal
spines in threes, middle one 60 p long ; laterals, 32 » long. I think the
above species is yet to be published by Prof. Cockerell.
Iowa.
These were sent by Prof. Cockerell, collected by Prof. W. D. Hunter
in 1900, now of the Dept. of Agriculture at Washington, D. C.
Fulecanium Cockerelli, Hunter, Ames, Iowa.
Lulecunitum Websteri, King, on Celtis occidentalis; also on Acer
saccharinum, Ames, lowa.
ARIZONA.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, Rathy., on Acer negundo, Prescott, Ariz.;
coll. Cockereil, March 27, 1902.
CALIFORNIA.
The following species were collected by Prof. Cockerell while taking
some students and teachers through part of California in the summer of
igor, and were referred to me for study :
Aspidiotus hedere, Vall., on leaves of Hucalyptus, Pasadena, Calif.
Aspidiotus rapax, Comst., on /someris arborea at San Pedro, Calif.
Eriococcus adenostome, Ehrh., on Adenostoma at La Jolla, Calif.;
also on the same food-plant at San Pedro, Calif.
Ceroplates irregnaris, on Atriplex confertifolia and A. polycarpa ?
at Lone Pine, Inyo Co., Calif. They occur only near or under the
ground.
Dactylopius salinus, Ckll.. on grass on cliffs by the sea at La Jolla,
Calif.
Chionaspis pinifoliz, Fitch, on Pinus, sp.
Pseudolecanium Californicum, Ehrh.
Saissetia olee, Bern., was also found on this trip by Prof. Cockerell.
Saissetia hemispherica, Targ., on pepper tree (Schianus malla), La
Jolla, Calif.
COLORADO,
The following species were collected by Prof. Bethel, High School,
Denver, Colorado, and sent to Prof. Cockerell, who turned them over to
me :
Chionaspis Lintner, Comst., on Ceanothus, Steamboat Springs,
Colorado.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 195
Phenacoccus Cockerelli, n. sp.
@ Scale red-brown, resting on a small white cottony sack projecting
a little behind the insect’s body. Size small ; owing to its position upon
the twigs, an accurate measurement could not be obtained. Cleared and
pressed under a cover glass, 2 mm. in diameter, a little narrow behind.
Derm colourless, mouth-parts yellowish-brown, antennz and legs slightly
tinged with yellow. Anal lobes well developed, rounded, with one long
bristle and several short spear-shaped spines anda few thin hairs ; they
also show several round gland pits, these due, perhaps, to some of the
spines being lost in process of clearing. No spines, pits or hairs on the
derm.
Antenne g-jointed ; measurements in p, joints :
I DMG at etme Se Ok ater GO
SORES Aon son Aone 20. 200.22, | 60
Front leg coxa, 80 ; femur and trochanter, 200 ; tibia, 132; tarsus, 72;
claw, 28. Hab.—On Amelanchier, Steamboat Springs, Colorado.
Aspidiotus Howardi, Ckll. (var. ancylus ?), on ash (Fraxinus ),
Denver, Col., July 28, 1902. ‘The scales on the under side of leaf (along
the mid-rib) are very pale, while those on the upper side are dark. The
leaf on both sides along the mid-rib is faded to a light yellow, due from
the infestation.
These were sent to Prof. Cockerell by Prof. Gillette, of the Agricul-
tural Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Col. A single scale on currant
twig, which proved to be Ludlecanium quercifex, Fitch.
Phenacoccus Cockere(/i, on service berry (Amelanchier), at Gunnison,
Col.; coll. Prof. Ball, Sept. 20, ’92. In some respects these differ from
those secured from Prof. Gillette and described above. ‘They are a little
larger; when boiled in liquid potash, they turn to a deep bright claret colour.
The females were filled with young larvee, and this might account for the
size. ‘The insect is viviparous.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, subsp., Betheli,n. subsp.— @ Scale dark
brown, ovisac as in 7znumeradbilis, cleared and pressed under cover glass
4 mm. in diameter. Derm practically colourless, slightly tinged with
yellow. Antennz 8-jointed ; measurements are, in pz:
5 Oa eS
Gossow (SO; s72) Ags, 2b. her Naa
Hsons2 B6l.68. 6oyigo +32) 48
Joints 1 Sie iy oe
196 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Front leg coxa, 120; femur and trochanter, 220; tibia, 160; tarsus, g2.
Stigmatal spines thin, sharp, 24 » long.
Hab.—On birch ( BetuZa ), in Colorado ; collected by Prof. E. Bethel,
sent to Prof. Cockerell by Prof. Gillette, who supposed them to be
P. betule, Linn.-Signoret. In the antenne it is near to P. f#/e, King and
Ckll., but this scale is much larger and of a different colour.
New Mexico.
These were sent by Prof. Cockerell in rgor:
Chionaspis pinifoli, Fitch., on Pinus, sp., at Arroyo Pecos, East Las
Vegas, N. M.
Dactylopius gutieuezie, Ck\l., on Gutieuezia, at Arroyo Pecos, East
Las Vegas, N. M.; coll. Mrs. W. P. Cockerell.
Pseudolecanium Californicum, Ehrh., East Las Vegas, N. M.
Dactylopius pseudonife, Ckll,, on house fern, East Las Vegas, N. M.
Orthezta occidentalis, Dougl.; alt., 8,000 feet above the sea level ;
Peulah sapeilo Canon, N. M.
Eulecanium pruinosum,var, kermoides, Vyrrell, 1896. This species was
described in the Annual Report of the California Experiment Station, in
1896, by Miss M.W, Tyrrell, as Lecanium pruinosum, var. kermoides, found
on oak in California. In Prof. Cockerell’s Check List, p. 339, it is listed,
and he states that he doubts if it belongs to prxwinosum ; in his first Sup-
plement, p. 394, it is listed as a synonym of guercitronis. In October,
1902, he collected some scales infesting Quercus Emoryi (Emory’s oak), at
Las Vegas, Hot Springs, N. M., at about 7,000 feet alt.; examples of
these he forwarded to me, and in his note accompanying them stated that
he believed them to be Z. kermoides. Vhe @ scales are red-brown,
kermes-like in shape, average size 3'4 mm. in diameter and 3 mm. high.
Antennz 7-jointed ; joint (1) 32, (2) 32, (3) 48, (4) 48, (5) 20, (6) 20,
(7) 40; joints one and two are equal in most cases ; three and four are
equal, when not, joint four seems to be the longest ; five and six are equal
and shortest. Leg coxa, 96; femur and trochanter, 148; tibia, 100 ;
tarsus, 68. The species in the antennae comes near to £. guercitronis,
Fitch. There is no doubt that ferxmotdes is a distinct species. In a
recent letter from Prof. Cockerell he says he believes Mr. Pergande holds
that ermoides is a distinct species. It, however, belongs to a very
puzzling group where the antenne are very variable. In guercitronis I
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 197
have found joints 3 and 4 to be equal in length, sometimes 3 longer than
4,and again 4 would be longer than 3, and in one instance joint 3 was
very long, 108 » ; in this case joint 4 was only 24 » long.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, on Aesculus octandra, East Las Vegas,
NM. Oct: 44,1902:
A NEW SAWELY:
BY R. A. COOLEY, AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, BOZEMAN, MONTANA.
The Sawfly here described is a common pest on the leaves of various
species of Populus in Montana, and a Bulletin dealing with its life-history
and economic significance is about to be published from the Montana
Experiment Station. We give here an outline of its life-history, followed
by descriptions of the two sexes.
The adults appear on the foliage in May and continue there for
about eight weeks. The female deposits her eggs singly on the very
young, tender leaves, and at the same time stings them in such a way as
to cause the edge to fold under on the lower surface. The egg is found
under the epidermis in the end of the fold nearer the petiole. One edge
or both edges may be folded. The larva, at first, feeds in the fold, eating
off the surface of the leaf, but later ventures out and eats holes in the
leaves, always preserving the fold for a retreat. The cocoon is formed in
the fold and drops to the earth with the leaf. This leaf, among the
others on the ground, forms the hibernating place for the insect.
In this paper the writer has adopted the form of description used by
Mr. C. L. Marlatt in his valuable “ Revision of the Nematinze of North
America.”
Pontania Bozemant, n.. sp.—Ffemale.—Length 6 mm.; robust ;
emargination of clypeus a semicircle; lobes of the clypeus rounded ;
longest hairs of the mouth-parts about as long as the distance from lobe
to lobe of the clypeus; lateral furrows of the vertex broad and rather
shallow ; ocellar basin distinctly defined ; frontal crest almost absent ;_
antenne moderately slender, 4 mm. long, with joints 3 and 4 subequal,
joint 5 shorter, joints 6, 7, 8 and g still shorter and subequal in length ;
sheath acuminate, hairy below at the apex ; claws cleft for one-third their
length. Colours principally resinous-yellow and black ; antenne, large
spot on vertex, thorax above except sides of pronotum, dorsum of first
abdominal segment, most of dorsum of second and spot on the next four
198 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
or five segments, glossy black ; spot under base of wings, spot at base
of posterior coxa, black ; remainder of body resinous-yellow, except the
sheath, which is very dark, around the mouth-parts, which is very light,
and the posterior tarsi, which are darker above. Stigma light at base ;
veins brownish, lighter at base of wings. Wings iridescent.
Male.—Length 5.75 mm. Differs from the female in being less
robust, in having the clypeus more widely excavated, in having the entire
dorsal surface of the abdomen back to genital parts glossy black, and in
having a larger spot of black at base of posterior coxa.
EXPLANATION OF FIGURES.
a.—Ege, showing the nearly mature embryo.
b.
c.-~Cocoon.
d.—Adult female sawfly.
e.—Side view of extremity of abdomen of female.
f.—Egg-pocket under epidermis.
g.—Leaf affected by the species.
Larva.
—
i ial et | |
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 199
CLASSIFICATION OF THE FOSSORIAL, PREDACEOUS AND
PARASITIC WASPS, OR THE SUPERFAMILY
VESPOIDEA.
BY WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD, A. M., SC. D., ASSISTANT CURATOR, DIVISION
OF INSECTS, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
(Paper No. 15.—Continued from Vol. XXXV., p. 158.)
Famiry XLI.—Myrmoside.
1899. Myrmoside, Family, Ashmead; Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc.,
VIL., p. 49 and 52.
1903. Mullide, Famille (fartim), André; Wytsman’s Gen. Ins.
Fam. Mutillide.
This family, as here defined, is, I think, a xatwra/ one, although some
of the genera have been placed previously, by different authors, in other
families, with the Scoliide, Myzinide, Mutillide, etc.
The females in this family may always be easily recognized by the
thorax, which is distinctly divided into ¢zwo parts, while the males, except
in three or four cases, are easily distinguished by the genitalia, the
hypopygium terminating in a sharp aculeus, which curves upwards, as in
males in the family J/yzinzde, with which they are often confused.
The males belonging to the genera d/yrmosa, Latreille; Ephutomma,
Ashmead, and J/yrmosida, Smith, have, however, the hypopygium
unarmed, while in the South American genus, Bradynobenus, Spinola, it
is tridentate, as in some Zhynnide.
The venation of the front wings in all of these genera is, however,
distinctive, and no difficulty will attend their recognition, as besides
venation there are other characters.
The genus JZyrmosida, Smith, I know only from the description and
figure ; it appears to approach nearest to Afferogyna, Latreille, although
the hypopygium is apparently unarmed. It also resembles a male ant of
the family fovneride, and particularly to males in the subfamily
Pseudomyrmine ; if it is not an ant, then it is a Myrmosid, and it 1s
placed in the subfamily Apferogynine provisionally.
Three distinct subfamilies may be recognized, one, the Apterogyn-
ine, first pointed out by Mr. Ernest André, as follows :
Table of Subfamiiies.
Abdomen normal, w7thout a constriction between segments 2 and 3,
at most with a constriction between segments 1 and 2..... of tag
200 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Abdomen wtf a strong constriction between segments 2 and 3, the
first two segments being more or less nodiform............... Se
2. Thorax in female almost round, not or hardly longer than wide ;
head quadrate ; mandibles falcate; maxillary palpi 3-jointed ;
labial palpi 2-jointed ; ma/es winged, the front wings without a
marginal and a discoidal cell ; hypopygium at apex
tridentate. hie ve eee . Subfamily I.—Bradynobaenine.
Thorax in feuialle not at ate much longer than wide ; head
variable, the maxillary palpi more than 3-jointed, the labial palpi more
than 2-jointed ; maces winged, the front wings with a marginal and
a discoidal cell; hypopygium ending in a single aculeus, which
curves upwards, rarely unarmed......Subfamily 1l.—Myrmosine.
3. Front wings in males (except in MZyrmosida, Smith, which has a
marginal cell and two cubital cells)*zeztAout marginal and discoidal
cells; hypopygium, except in J/yrmosida, Smith, ending in a
single upward curved aculeus ; females readily known by the con-
striction between segments 2 and 3.Subfamily I1I.—Apterogynine.
SUBFAMILY I.—Bradynobaenine.
This subfamily, so far as the characters of the males are concerned,
approaches nearest to the Zhynnide, the hypopygium being tridentate,
much as in ZAynanus, Fabr. but the venation is quite different.
The marginal and the discoidal cells are absent, and thus show an
affinity with the Apterogynine. ‘The female, however, is quite different
from any in either the A7yrmosine or the Apterogynine, the thorax being
very short in outline, almost round, while the head is quadrate, the
mandibles falcate, the maxillary palpi 3-jointed, the labial palpi 2 jointed.
Only one genus is known:
Female, wingless.. 0.5.02... 00:20 oer ce eee cnehe opener
Male, Winged... ache ee ee wee ner e eaten
1. Thorax in outline almost round; head quadrate; mandibles
falcate cic c cece eee eee ve eee ee +s +s DIAG YNG Dae iia nana
(Type B. Gayi, Spin.)
Front wings without a marginal cell, the discoidal cells wanting ;
hypopygium tridentate.................Bradynobaenus, Spinola
Ny
SupraMILY II.—Myrmosine.
1896. Myrmosini, Tribe I. (fartzm), Ashmead ; Trans. Am, Ent.
Soc., XXII., p. 180.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 201
1903. Methocine, Subfamily (partim), André; Wytsman’s Gen.
Ins. Fam., Mutillidee, p. 6.
1903. Myrmosine, Subfamily (partim), André; Opus. Cit, p. 12.
1903. Mutilline, Subfamily (Aartim), André ; Opus Cites 13:
To this subfamily belong the majority of the known genera and
species falling in the family Afyrmoside. It is easily separated from the
Bradynobaenine by the shape of the thorax in the females and by the
armature and venation of the males. The group comes closest to André’s
subfamily Apterogynine, but may be easily distinguished from it by the
absence of a strong constriction between the second and third abdominal
segments, and by the totally different venation of the front wings,
Two distinct tribes may be recognized as follows
Table of Tribes.
PEM BIGS: 0) ila te eed eae a ecco cr ae a ge eR
LAU ES ole tere iia SGN cies ROU AS crit PPE ok mR anf
my Ocelli present : . Mine Ae SALMA.) Gases. . LTIbE=L.==Miysemosini.
Ocelli absent. Paces de yeodseanes =. Uribe Li €Chyphotini:
2. Front wings ae the margin ‘i ail long, or not especially short ;
. hypopygium unarmed. Tn ehh ak) Cee Tribe I.—Myrmosini.
Front wings with the sibel celi usually short ; hypopygium armed
with an aculeus which curves upwards....Tmbe I].—Chyphotini.
Tribe [.—Myrmosini.
The females in this tribe resemble those belonging to the family
Mutillide, but are easily recognized by having the thorax divided into
two distinct divisions, and from the tribe Chyphotini by having distinct
ocelli.
The males are easily distinguished by having the hypopygium
unarmed.
Table of Genera.
Females. PE unheard eters RINT ago acta! a
Males.
1. Thorax midi annniar the Seeubtaim as W a as hese meso- femthoae
usually rugoso-punctate, or coarsely punctate ; maxillary palpi
6-jointed, labial palpi 4-jointed.............. Myrmosa, Latreille.
(Type Mutilla melanocephala, Fabr.)
Thorax not quadrangular, compressed at the sides from the meso-
metathoracic angles ; mandibles strongly excised beneath, with a
projection towards base........ »........Ephutomma, Ashmead.
(Type Mutilla incerta, Radoszk.)
202 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
2. Marginal cell long ; four cubital cells, the second and third each
receiving a- Tecurrent Mexvate --)2.).\ 2/4 ser ee Myrmosa, Latreille.
Marginal cell shorter, triangular; ‘vee cubital cells, the second
triangular, receiving the first recurrent nervure near its middle, the
third hexagonal ; eyes large, extending to the base of the mandibles,
emarsinate within sheen en 46. .6 (sees Ephutomma, Ashmead.
TriseE II.—Chyphotini.
1896. Chyphotini, Tribe III., Ashmead; Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.,
XXIL., p. 179 (Cyphotini).
1903. Methocine, Subfamille, André; Wytsman’s Gen. Ins. Fam.,
Mutillide, p. 6.
The absence of ocelli in the females and the armed hypopygium in
the males, which terminates in a single aculeus that curves upwards, as in
males in the family J/yzinide, readily separate this tribe from the
Myrmosini.
Table of Genera.
P@MMALES oo. i. oisie espe ep ye ah 0rd eyes #6, om 06 cn Ie ye aces ola eget
Malesice'c i.e oece ds cts oe ee SSS Sara ey te Oe
1. Thorax not quadrate, quite differently formed ....2. 25255 eens
Thorax quadrate, the sides parallel.
Head large, quadrate, wider than the thorax ; mandibles long, at
apex bidentate, sinuate or subemarginate beneath ; pygidium
with a. pygidial area........ 0. .200 ..uy us ss DOReC RIG Seis mere
(Type B. petiolatus, Fox.)
2. Eyes round or nearly ; abdomen petiolate or subpetiolate........ 3
Eyes oval, slightly sinuate on outer margin superiorly ; abdomen
nearly sessile.
Pronotum transverse, a little wider than the meso-metathorax
anteriorly, but not wider than the same posteriorly, the sides
being compressed just behind the pronotum ({?). Milluta, André.
3. Abdomen subpetiolate, the petiole broadened towards the apex and
constricted before uniting with the second segment; pronotum
large, nearly obtrapezoidal, and fully as wide as the meso-meta-
thorax, or a little wider.:................. Typh@etesaichmmeass
(Type Mutilla peculiaris, Cresson.)
Abdemen with a distinct slender petiole ; pronotum campanulate,
much narrower than the meso-metathorax......Chyphotes, Blake.
(Type C. elevatus, Blake.)
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 203
Peiicaie tibice with ane apical Spur: i. .0).,20ca. Ns tee bee ee oo. 5.
PeMiGlertibice With zo apical Spurs’)... s0)) WRe se See es ae. 67,
5. Front wings with free cubital cells, the second and third each
receiving a recurrent nervure.
Cubitus in hind wings originating much éefore the transverse
cubitus ; second cubital cell in front wings wo? triangular, very
large, trapezoidal, not much larger than the third ; submedian
and median cells equal, the transverse median nervure inter-
stitial with the basal vein ; mandibles bidentate...........6.
Cubitus in hind wings interstitial or nearly with the transverse
cubitus, sometimes originating a little beyond it ; second
cubital cell in front wings more or less triangular ; submedian
cell usually a little longer than the median (rarely equal in
some rachycistis), the transverse median nervure usually not
interstitial with the basal vein ; mandibles bidentate.
Marginal cell very short, always much shorter than the
oblong stigma ; first abscissa of the radius only about
one-third the length of the third cubital cell; second
cubital cell triangular, usually receiving the first recurrent
nervure defore the middle, not, or rarely, longer than the
third ; abdomen with a more or less distinct constriction
between the first and second segments ; scutellum rounded,
subcomvex; ocellilarge.:........... Brachycistis, Fox.
Marginal cell not short, about as long as the large oblong
stigma ; first abscissa of the radius as long, or nearly, as
the third cubital cell ; second cubital cell at least three
times as long as the third, receiving the first recurrent
nervure deyond the middle ; third cubital cell quadrate,
or nearly, a little wider (higher) than long, receiving the
second recurrent a little before its middle; scutellum
quadrate ; ocelli large, the laterals about their width from
Chee yerMarainicwnrsso. 64 ¢ Qk ch: ..Milluta, André.*
(Cr ype M. chobauti, André.)
6. Marginal cell much longer than the large oblong stigma ; lanceolate ;
first abscissa of the radius short, less than one-third the length of
the third cubital cell; third cubital cell large, much longer than
*T ami greatly indebted to Mons. Ernest Andre, for the loan of the unique type
of this genus.
204 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
wide, nearly trapezoidal, a little shorter than the second ; ocelli very
large, the laterals close to the eye margin... Magrettina, Ashmead.
(Type Meria nocturna, Morowitz.)
7. Front wings with ¢Aree cubital cells... .. s.-...... 2 ee
Front wings with ¢wo cubital cells........... 0 ee
8. Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures ; 4¥e third cubital
quadrangulati# sz taesel. «boa re ..Chyphotes, Blake.
9. Zwo recurrent nervures, the SUPPOSED MIGRATION OF PIERIDA WITNESSED IN
VENEZUELA IN THE SUMMER OF toot.
BY AUSTIN H. CLARK, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
The erratic migrations of certain insects, often in countless swarms,
have been noticed and put on record by many observers. Ina country
where, perhaps, they are scarce, or, it may be, almost wanting ordinarily,
they may suddenly put in an appearance in such numbers as to defy all
attempts at computation ; or immense swarms of them may sometimes be
seen far out at sea, flying steadily in a direction which may take them out
so far as to effectually prevent any return.
To show the frequency of this phenomenon, it is only necessary to
mention a few cases. The best known, perhaps, or, at any rate, the most
familiar, is that of the locust. Large areas of growing crops have been
totally ruined and well-to-do people reduced to poverty through the
sudden and wholly unexpected appearance of this unwelcome visitor.
Many years may pass with no sign of these insects, and then they come,
bringing destruction with them. Among the Neuroptera, the dragon-flies,
especially the species 4schna bonariensis of southern South America, seem
to be especially subject to these migrations. In these swarms, according
to Hudson,* who studied them in the Argentine, all the larger species
associate together, and universally fly down the wind, coming commonly
from five to fifteen minutes before a burst of the cold, dry south-west
‘‘pampero.” Weissenborny describes a great migration of dragon-flies
which he witnessed in Germany in the year 1839, and also mentions a
similar phenomenon occurring in 1816, which extended over a large
portion of Europe. But this habit seems to be of commonest occurrence
among the Lepidoptera. Among others, Wallace mentions seeing a vast
congregation of Pieride in the Indian Ocean, and Maynard a swarm of
Danaidee ( Anosia berenice) off the coast of Florida. It is now recognized
as a more or less regular proceeding on the part of some species or
groups, especially among the Pieride, to congregate and perform long
journeys without any apparent aim.
While approaching the coast of Venezuela in the month of June,
tgol, I was struck by the numbers of Pieridz passed, not in great swarms,
but in numerous small loose bunches, which began to appear even before
the mountainous coast could be well made out. All these insects were
oo an s = >
*The Naturalist on the La Plata, Chapter IX.
+Loudon’s Magazine of Natural History, N. S. III.
220 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
headed toward the north-east, directly against the trades. Although I was
familiar with the fact that commonly the Pieride are the first butterflies
with which one meets when approaching land, and had tested the truth of
it while nearing the coast of Portugal, and also off the Azores, I did not
suppose that they regularly occurred in such abundance as I found them
here in the Caribbean. In fact, it had been my experience to only meet
with a half-dozen or so when approaching land. But here the steamer
continually passed by straggling bunches of them, all flying north-east, out
to sea. As we neared the shore, they became more common, and when
at last I landed and looked up on the mountain-side above La Guaira,
there were thousands of them. The whole mountain-side was thickly
dotted with specks of yellow and orange, which kept moving steadily on,
in an easterly direction, rarely pausing, following, apparently, the line of
the coast, and going in the same general direction from which came the
trade winds.
On the next day, from the car window of the little train which runs
from La Guaira to Caracas, over a roadbed from which are obtained
glimpses of great gorges filled with tropical vegetation, as well as of the
parched and barren mountain-sides, destitute of life save fora few gaunt
post-cacti and scraggy thorn bushes, I saw thousands of butterflies of this
group, all moving steadily, like the waters of a great river, toward the
east. In many cases I thought I saw the insects flying in another
direction. Often I was sure some were flying west, but on taking my
bearings I invariably found that my calculations were at fault, and that all
the butterflies were moving east. There is, perhaps, no railroad in the
world on which a man is so often at a loss to know just where are the
cardinal points of the compass. ‘The sun gives no clue during the hotter
hours, at the season when I was there, as it is practically in the middle
of the sky; and the whole journey is simply a succession of curves, this
way and that, so confusing that many times I could not realize the
compass had not succeeded in some way in getting out of order and
reversing, or at least seriously changing its position with respect to the
magnetic pole. Over the mountain-sides and across the vaileys Pieride
could be seen, always near the ground, yet rarely alighting, and invariably
travelling eastward.
While at Caracas I made many excursions into the surrounding
country for butterflies, and from the hilltops there I could watch the steady
migration, although here the numbers were very much less than at La
Guaira,
bo
—
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 2
On the way back to La Guaira, as well as while staying there, I made
a careful study of the constituents of this vast throag. ‘The most notice-
able fact was that practically all were males. In fact, I saw but two or
three females, and these were at a little roadside station, half way between
the two towns. Iam almost certain that these were not members of the
general tide, for they were flitting, to all appearance, aimlessly about,
and did not evince that peculiar haste to move onward so noticeable in
the others.
During my stay at Caracas I collected a number of Pieride of several
species, and of both sexes, in the meadows near the bank of the river
which flows by the city. These seemed not to be affected by the general
movement, and acted just as the members of the group ordinarily do.
The most abundant species by far, making up between one-half and
three-quarters of the flight, was Cadlidryas eubule. Of the remainder,
Phebis argante was the commonest, with a close third in Apfhrissa
statira. Here and there could be seen Cadlidryas philea. Once or twice
I thought I could make out C, cfrzs, but could not feel certain of the
identification. I make no mention, of course, of others of the group, as
Pontia monuste and Gonepteryx clorinde, which, though common, did not
seem to take any part in the migration.
A few days later, while coasting along to the port of Cartipano, I
continually saw the butterflies singly and in Jittle bands out over the sea.
From Cartipano I went to the island of Margarita, where I stayed for
over three weeks. Here it was a noticeable fact that all the Pierideze were
resident in the little grassy patches, in which they apparently had been
bred and stayed all their lives ; and here males and females were observed
in normal proportions. Without doubt, the island was receiving its
share of wanderers from the mainland, but those there showed no inclina-
tion to leave, and were never found outside of the restricted localities
where they made their homes.
When I left the island I coasted along the shore as far as Trinidad
(B. W. I.), but did not observe anything of the swarms I had seen near
La Guaira ; and it may be mentioned here that neither about Cartipano
nor at any part of the coast were the insects found so abundantly as at
and near La Guaira.
There are two possible explanations of the facts just stated: Either
that this is the regular habit of these butterflies, to keep constantly moving
eastward during the imago state, or that it was an unusual migration.
bo
bo
bo
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Further observation wi!l prove which view is correct. But I have seen
nothing to show that this is the ordinary mode of procedure for Pieride in
this region ; and from the immense numbers observed, it seems to me
that it was one of those peculiar migrations to which this group seems to
be particularly subject, started, perhaps, by some chance few down toward
Puerto Cabello, or, it may be, as far as Coro, which picked up more and
more as they went on, until when they arrived in the vicinity of La Guaira
their numbers were beyond calculation, all the later additions to the
multitude taking the same direction of flight as that adopted by the
originators of the movement.
Perhaps the course taken was at first an expression of positive
anemotaxis—a flight against the prevailing wind. But later the sense of
direction seems to have become so firmly fixed that they moved east even
when in the sheltered valleys or in gorges where the direction of the wind
was changed.
This is, in brief, what 1t was my lot to witness while in Northern
Venezuela; and it is much to be hoped that others who chance to be in
that locality at some future date will make notes of their experiences with
the butterflies mentioned, and prove conclusively whether this was a
normal condition of affairs or an extraordinary chapter in the history of
insect life in this region.
NEW APOIDEA FROM MONTANA.
BY AUSTIN W. MORRILL, PH. D., MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL
COLLEGE, AMHERST, MASS,
Bombus Cooleyi, n. sp.—Q. Length, 16-17 mm. — Integument
black ; clothing black, yellowish white, pale ochreous yellow and rusty
yellow. Head, seen from in front, about as wide as long. Malar'space
about one-sixth the length of eye. Third segment of antenna one-half
longer than fourth, and scarcely longer than fifth. Face thickly clothed
with pale yellowish-white hair, on the sides mixed with black. Vertex
clothed with yellowish-white hair, which is fringed in front with black.
Cheeks clothed with brownish-black, sometimes slightly mixed with
whitish, hair. Clypeus shining, sparsely punctured, labrum fringed on
free edge with rusty yellow hair. Clothing of thorax above and on sides
yellowish white, mixed with black in front of insertion of wings. A broad
patch of black between the wings surrounds the smooth, polished
mesothoracic disc and extends back in a point over the middle of
metathorax. On each side of metathorax is a tuft of yellowish white hair.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 220
On sides of propodeum the yellowish-white hair is more or less mixed
with black. Coxe, trochanters and bases of femora on inner side with
‘whitish hair. Clothing of femora elsewhere brownish black. Corbiculz
rusty yellow. Integument of posterior tibiz dark brown ; of tarsi light
yellowish-brown. Tarsi clothed with fine, bright yellowish-brown
pubescence. Wings slightly stained with brown, nervures brown.
Dorsal surface of abdomen: First segment clothed on each side with
a tuft of ochreous-yellow pubescence, the space between being bare, or
nearly so; second segment clothed with black, slightly mixed with
yellowish, except apical sides, where pubescence is pale ochreous-yellow ;
third segment clothed similarly to second segment, except on extreme
sides, where the pubescence is also pale ochreous-yellow ; fourth segment
entirely clothed with pale ochreous-yellow pubescence ; fifth segment
clothed with black, more or less mixed with yellowish pubescence and
with a yellowish fringe on apical margin ; sixth segment scantily clothed
with short black and brownish hair, at apex, brownish, velvety. Ventral
surface : Segments two, three, four and five are fringed apically with
yellowish-white hair. Specimens from Prof. R. A. Cooley, taken at
Middle Cr. Canon, Bridgen Canon and Bozeman (elev. 4,800 ft.), Mon-
tana, in June and July, 1899, and July, 1901, respectively.
Colour variety A. Differs from type only in following details of
colour: clothing of second and third abdominal segments above, entirely
black, except for a few yellow hairs on apical sides of third segment.
From Prof. R. A. Cooley, taken at Bridger Mt., Montana, elev. 6,000
ft., June, 1899.
Colour variety B. Differs from type only in colour of clothing of
third abdominal segment above, which is entirely ochreous-yellow, except
for a narrow band of black extending along the middle of the dorsum,
from the anterior to posterior margin of the segment, and a few black hairs
on the sides.
From Prof. R. A. Cooley, taken at Bozeman, Montana, elev. 4,800
ft., June, rgor.
Described from three Q specimens ; one, the type deposited in the
collection of the Mass. Agric. College ; co-types deposited, one at the U.
S. Nat. Museum and one in the collection of the Montana Agricultural
College. Varieties A and B were described from one ? specimen of
each, both in the collection of the Mass. Agric. College.
I take pleasure in naming this species after my friend, Prof. R. A.
Cooley, of the Montana Agric. College.
Ww
bo
nS
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Bombus atrifasciatus, pn. sp.—Q. Length, 17% mm. _ Black,
clothed with unusually fine and long, black and pale yellowish-white
hair. Head, seen from in front, considerably longer than broad.* Eyes
comparatively small. Malar space about one-half the length of eye.
Face broad. Third segment of antenna slightly longer than fifth; fifth a
little longer than fourth. Clypeus strongly arched, shining, sparsely and
rather coarsely punctured on sides. Labrum deeply cleft, sparsely clothed
with brownish pubescence. Head clothed with brownish-black pubescence,
mixed with whitish between bases of antennz. ‘Thorax clothed with
pale yellowish-white pubescence, except a broad oval band of black
between the wings. Coxe, trochanters and bases of femora of first and
second pairs of legs clothed with whitish pubescence ; femora elsewhere
than at base, tibiz and tarsi clothed with reddish-brown pubescence.
Coxe, trochanters and femora of third pair of legs clothed with long
yellowish-white hair ; corbicule rusty yellow, inner side of first tarsal seg-
ment light brown, hind tarsi elsewhere clothed with very fine yellowish
pubescence. Integument of legs brownish black. Wings stained with
brown, nervures dark brown. Abdomen rather robust. Dorsal surface :
segments one, two, four and five clothed with pale yellowish-white
pubescence ; extreme sides and lateral portions of the posterior margin of
segment three clothed with pale yellowish white, remainder of three
clothed with brownish-black pubescence ; segment six sparsely clothed
with short brownish yellow pubescence, velvety at apex. Ventral sur-
face: segments two, three, four and five are fringed apically with pale
yellowish-white hairs, much longer on sides than in the middle ; segment
six clothed at apex with brownish-yellow, velvety pubescence.
Described from one @ specimen from Prof. R. A. Cooley, taken at
Gallatin Co., Montana, elev. 9,400 ft., collected in July, 1900. Deposited
in collection of Mass. Agric. College.
Psithyrus latitarsus, n. sp.—Q. Length 19-20 mm. Integument
black, clothing black and yellow. Head seen from in front, a little longer
than broad. Malar space about one-fourth the length of eye. Clypeus
punctate. Third and fifth segments of antenna subequal, fourth segment
about two-thirds as long as third. Clothing of head black, slightly mixed
with yellow on vertex. Clothing of thorax brownish-yellow, except a
narrow band of black between the wings and a little black on sides of
*In the type, the length of the head, measured from vertex to base of the labrum,
is 6 mm.; breadth 5 mm.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Der
propodeum. Wings subhyaline, smoky brown, nervures brown. Legs,
except tarsi, clothed with black and brownish-black pubescence. First
tarsal segments clothed with brownish-black, except inner sides and tips,
which with the four following tarsal segments are clothed with brownish-
yellow pubescence, darkest on inner side of first tarsal segments. Length
of metatarsus about two and one-half times its greatest width, posterior
edge strongly arcuated.
Dorsal surface of abdomen: Clothing sparse and short; black and
pale lemon-yellow, the hair of the former colour usually tipped with brown-
ish or yellowish, more noticeable on posterior margins of the segments.
Pubescence on first segment black, sometimes mixed with yellow on the
sides ; on second segment black ; on third segment black, with more or
less yellow on sides posteriorly ; on fourth segment entirely yellow, except
for a patch of black on middle of basal half, which may or may not extend
in a point to apex of segment; on fifth segment black except extreme
sides, which are yellow ; terminal segment naked except for a very fine
brownish velvet-like pubescence below and on sides above ventral sur-
face of abdomen ; segments one to five have an apical fringe of black
hairs. From each side of apical segment below arises an angular, keel-like
process, which is directed outwards and downwards, the two converging
posteriorly, becoming less pronounced, and disappear near the tip of the
segment. From above these keel-like processes can be plainly seen
extending outwardly from the sides of the apical segment.
Described from nine 9 specimens from Prof. R. A. Cooley, taken at
Gallatin Co., and Bozeman, Montana. Type deposited in collection of
Mass. Agric. College. Co-types at Mass. Agric. College, U. S. Nat.
Museum, and at Montana Agric. College.
This species in colour, general form and size resembles /. ¢vsularis,
Smith ; but the two cannot be even closely related, as will be seen from
the following partial description of the Jatter species :
Malar space about one-third length of eye. A tuft of yellow on head
just above insertion of antennze, another on vertex, and sometimes a very
small one between insertion of antenne—all fringed with black. Meta-
tarsus about three times as long as its greatest breadth, posterior margin
nearly straight. Apical segment of abdomen below with a simple rounded
swelling on each side, not projecting enough to be noticed from above.
I have examined thirteen 2 specimens of P. zzsudaris from Montana
and one from New Hampshire (Durham), all of which agree with Smith’s
226 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
description of the species. One of these specimens was sent to Washing-
ton, D. C., where it was compared by Mr. Ashmead with a specimen of
P. insularis, determined by Cresson, and was found to agree.
P. latitarsus, n. sp., also resembles /?. campestris of Europe in
colour, but can be readily separated from it by the broader metatarsus
and the structure of the ventral side of the terminal abdominal segment.
Fig. 9.—Psithyrus latitarsus, n. sp.; side view of terminal segment of
abdomen.
Fig. 10.—Psithyrus insularis, Smith; side view of terminal segment
of abdomen.
Fig. 11.—Psithyrus /atitarsus, n. sp.; tarsal segments of left hind
leg.
Fig. l12.—Psithyrus insularis, Smith; tarsal segments of left hind leg.
bo
bo
~I
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
SOME NEW NORTH AMERICAN HOMOPTERA.
BY E. B. BALL, AG. COLLEGE, LOGAN, UTAH.
Philepstus collitus, n. sp.—Resembling fulvidorsum, but smaller and
paler. Colour fulvous, elytra brown, with two imperfect light bands.
Length, 2, 6 mm.; width 2 mm. Vertex short, obtusely rounded, but
little longer on middle than against eye, three times wider than long ; disc
convex ; the anterior margin distinct, but not sharply angled; elytra
rather long and narrow ; venation distinct, claval veins separate, parallel.
“Colour : vertex fulvous, sometimes with faint brownish . mottling ; face
uniform dull brown ; pronotum fulvous, usually mottled with brown on the
disc ; scutellum fulvous. Elytra pale, heavily inscribed with brown,
omitting three spots on the sutural margin, an oblong area just inside the
costa on the apical half, and a pair of oblique bands starting from the first
and last sutural spots, which are milky white. In the lightest specimens
the brown tends to run together into dark blotches on the costa and
between the white spots on the suture. Genitalia, female segment twice
the length of the penultimate, the lateral angles obtuse, the posterior
margin roundingly produced on the median third, and strongly notched
in the middle. Disc of the segment fti!vous, the posterior margin on each
side of the slit black, the lateral angles light.
Described from three females from Ames, Iowa. This species has
long been confused with fw/vidorsum, but is readily distinguished by the
shorter head and distinct genitalia.
Philepsius lippulus, n. sp.—Form of fulvidorsum nearly, but slightly
smaller, and with a shorter vertex. Colour milky white, with three brown
bands. Length 5.5 mm.; width 1.75 mm. Vertex nearly right-angled,
one-third longer on middle than against the eve, twice wider than long,
acutely angled with front, the margin distinct, except near the eyes.
Front rather narrow, margins straight. Pronotum long, strongly angled in
front, disc convex in both diameters. Elytra rather narrow, the venation
obscure. Colour: vertex pale orange, an ivory white median line on tip,
with a pair of oval brownish spots adjoining it, and a pair of black dots
on the margin, nearly half way to the eyes. Face pale, slightly and
evenly irrorate with fulvous brown: Pronotum fulvous brown; the
anterior submargin white. Scutellum fulvous brown ; the oblique margins
light, interrupted with a pair of black spots. Elytra milky white, a
transverse fulvous brown band across the middle of clavus, another just
back of clavus and a narrow apical margin of brown. The second band
228 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
forks on the middle of corium, and begins and ends in dark spots on the
margin. A round black dot in the middle of the anterior milky band
against the claval suture. Genitalia: female segment moderately long,
half longer than the penultimate ; posterior margin nearly straight, slightly
roundingly produced on the median half.
Described from two female specimens from Biscayne Bay, Fla.,
collected by Mrs. Annie T. Slosson. This is a beautiful and strikingly
distinct species. ‘The milky-white elytra with the distinct brown bands will
readily separate it from any other broad-headed species.
Phlepsius pauperculus, n, sp.—Resembling albidus, but smaller and
with a sharper vertex. Colour pale greenish-white ; elytra faintly fuscous
marked. Length 3 mm.; width less thant mm. Vertex nearly as long
as pronotum, half wider than long, nearly right-angled before ; disc flat ;
anterior margin thick, slightly acutely angled with face. Face strongly
convex in profile ; pronotum short, wrinkled, depressed just back of the
anterior margin. Elytra short, broad; venation indistinct. Colour:
pale greenish-white. Vertex sometimes pale yellowish-white. Elytra
pruinose, white or greenish-white, with a very few fuscous dots. Face and
beneath pale greenish-white. Genitalia: female segment rather long,
over twice the width of the penultimate ; posterior margin nearly straight,
the lateral angles rounding ; median fourth slightly produced and faintly
notched.
Described from three specimens taken at Grand Junction, Colo., by
E. P. Van Duzee and the author.
Phlepsius Franconiana, n. sp.—Resembling Uhéeri, but larger, with
a more acutely angled vertex and a narrower head. Length, ¢, 5 mm.;
width 1.4 mm. Vertex sloping in same plane as pronotum, slightly
transversely depressed, subangulate, with the margins distinct ; margins
subparallel. Face as in &. strodi, the front slightly more flaring above
and with the base angled instead of rounding. Pronotum truncate, or very
slightly emarginate, its anterior margin strongly curved. Colour: vertex
and pronotum fawn colour, with light mottling. Scutellum testaceous,
with four white points in a triangle at apex. Elytra brown, with brownish
fuscous irrorations and reticulations, a broad, light band just back of
scutellum, a narrow line just before the apex of clavus, and an irregular
one just before the apex. The bands are strictly transverse, and the middle
one is slightly narrower than the brown one in front of it. The reticula-
tions are continued across the light areas, Face fawn colour, with
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 229
fuscous irrorations and a white mark just under the apex of vertex.
Eyes red. Genitalia: male valve triangular, two-thirds the length of the
ultimate segment ; plates long, triangular, their margins straight ; apices
acute, two and one-half times the length of the valve, slightly exceeded
by the pygofers. The margins clothed with fine silky hairs, submargins
with coarse bristles arising from black spots.
Described from one male from Franconia, New Hampshire, taken by
Mrs. Annie T. Slosson, and kindly sent me by Mr. Van Duzee.
Thamnotettix waldana, n. sp.—Form and general appearance of
montana nearly, slightly larger and lacking the white markings of that
species. Testaceous brown; the vertex and margins of elytra pale.
Length, 9, 5.5 mm.; %, 5 mm. Vertex transversely depressed, one-
fourth longer on middle than against the eye, over twice wider than long,
broadly and evenly rounding to the front. Pronotum twice jionger than
the vertex, rugose on the anterior submargin. Elytra rather long, narrow
and closely folded behind ; venation distinct, similar to that of de//7.
Colour rusty brown; the vertex pale yellow, with a trace of rusty
brown near base, sometimes forming a tranverse band in the male; the
tips of the claval nervures and the costal margin of the elytra, from before
the middle to just before the tip, white. Face and below varying from
pale to nearly all fuscous. Genitalia: female segment rather long,
truncate, with a broad triangular notch containing a strap-shaped tooth as
long as the segment. Male valve short, obtusely rounding ; plates three
times as long as valve, rather long, spoon-shaped, the margins clothed
with long hairs.
Described from sixteen specimens taken in North Park and Rico,
Colo., by the author.
Thamnotettix orbonata, n. sp.—Resembling atridorsum and infus-
cata in general form, but paler. Pale, smoky greenish, with a broad
rounding vertex. Length 5.25 mm. Vertex rounding to front, half as
long as its basal width, a little more than haif the length of the pronotum,
one-third longer on middle than against the eye. Head slightly wider
than the pronotum ; front parallel margined, narrowing to the clypeus ;
clypeus narrow, constricted above the middle. Elytra much longer than
the abdomen, broad and flaring slightly behind. Venation as in
atridorsum. Colour pale green, slightly tinged with smoky brown.
Elytra subhyaline, slightly iridescent; eyes dark; ocelli deep green,
Genitalia : female segment short, over twice wider than long ; posterior
230 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
margin very slightly sinuate; ovipositor long, slightly exceeding the
rather slender pygofers.
Described from two females from Biscayne Bay, Fla., collected by
Mrs. Slosson.
Thamnotettix Shermani, n. sp.—Resembling cyferacea in general
appearance. Slightly stouter, paler, with a double-lined vertex margin
and a deltocephaloid venation. Length 5.25 mm.; width 1.5 mm, Vertex
flat; anterior margin obtusely angular, definitely and slightly acutely
angled with the front, a third longer on middle than against eye, half
wider than long. Elytra rather long, but with the apex broader than in
‘cyperacea. Venation distinct, strong; two cross nervures between the
sectors ; the central anteapical cell long, constricted and divided beyond
the middle. Colour: pale tawny, iridescent over a subolivaceous
ground. Vertex pale tawny-yellow ; anterior margin white, narrowly
margined above and below with black, the black line above almost con-
stricted into six dots. Elytra subhyaline with a slight tawny iridescence.
Face pale tawny, below pale straw. Genitalia: female segment rather
long ; posterior margin nearly straight; the lateral angles prominent.
Described from one female taken at Raleigh, N. C., by Prof.
Franklin Sherman, who sent a number of fine Jassidz for determination.
Chlorotettix rugicollis, n. sp.—Resembling spatudatus, but with a
broader vertex. Green, with a red band on the margin of vertex. Length
7mm. Vertex broad, obtusely rounding, but little longer on middle than
against eye, two and one-half times longer than wide, evenly rounding to
front. Elytra rather long, the veins large and distinct. Colour: pale
green, a transverse red band on margin of vertex and front, sometimes
extending over the eyes. The male has the elytra clouded with tawny
brown. Genitalia: female segment deeply triangularly excavated, with a
strap-shaped tooth, similar to that in spatudatus. Male valve nearly as
wide as the ultimate segment, and about half as long; plates nearly flat,
long, triangular ; the margins sparsely haired.
Described from four specimens: One female from Jacksonville,
Fla., from Otto Heidemann ; a pair from Woodbine, N. J., taken Aug.
2nd, 1902, by E. P. Van Duzee; and one female from Victoria, Tex.,
received from U.S. Nat. Museum. The remarkably broad vertex with
the red margin will at once separate this from the other spatulate forms in
this group.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 231
Driotura gammeroidea, var. fulva, n. var.—Size and form of the
species larger than var. fava. Entirely brownish fulvous, except the eyes,
_ which are darker.
Described from eight specimens from Denver, Colo., collected by the
author.
Driotura robusta, var. vittata, n. var.—Size and form of the species,
black and white, variable. Vertex with a transverse light line on anterior
margin, expanded into two spots at apex; four oblique black stripes on
elytra, alternating with four light ones. A transverse light band on
abdomen, and a broader one on face.
Described from six examples from Southern Colorado.
_ Acinopterus acuminatus, var. vartegatus, n. var.—Form and structure
of the species, but much lighter coloured. Vertex, pronotum and
scutellum inclined to be reddish, especially in the male. Elytra whitish
pruinose, nervures greenish, not margined, except towards apex and along
the sutural:margin, three fuscous points along the suture, and sometimes
one on the disc of each elytron.
Described from twenty-four specimens from Colorado and Arizona.
A. acuminatus, var. viridis, n. var.—Form and structure of the
preceding nearly; slightly smaller. Bright grass-green both above and
below. Eyes and extreme tip of elytra fuscous.
Described from a number of specimens from Southern Colorado and
Arizona. This is the common form in Southern Colorado, where it was
collected by E. P. Van Duzee and the author.
A. acuminatus, var. brunneus, n. var.—Slightly larger than the pre-
ceding variety. Vertex, pronotum and scutellum pale green, washed with
cinnamon-brown. Elytra pale cinnamon-brown, slightly fuscous at tip.
Whole insect with a slight tawny iridescence, below pale green.
Described from three specimens from Rifle, Colo.; taken by the
author. |
Liburnia Slossoni, n. sp.—Resembling Stenocranus lautus in size
and general appearance. Somewhat resembling D. maidis. Length,
macropterous 2,5 mm. Face broad, strongly carinate, slightly narrow-
ing above. Elytra very long and narrow, resembling a Stenocranus, the
outer branch of the first and the inner branch of the third sector uniting
with the cross nervure alongside the second sector. Colour: Face
black, the carine light, basal compartment of vertex, pronotum and
232 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
scutelium pale creamy. A pair of parallel black stripes extending the
entire length, interrupted on the sutures; a pair of black spots outside
these on the posterior part of the scutellum, and a pair of black spots
behind the eyes. Elytra pale creamy, subhyaline, a brownish stripe
covers the outer part of the base of clavus and inner half of corium back
to middle, beyond this the nervures are deep smoky-brown, except the
outer fork of the outer sector, its cross vein and the outer apical nervure.
Legs striped with fuscous and pale.
Described from three females collected at Biscayne Bay by Mrs.
Annie T. Slosson. This very large and distinct form in this group is only
one of the many fine Homoptera that have come to hand from Mrs.
Slosson’s collecting, and I take pleasure in naming it after her.
Phyliodinus flabellatus, n. sp.—LLarger and lighter coloured than
nervatus, and with a longer vertex. Testaceous brown, with the posterior
half of the vertex, the scutellum and the tips of the short wing pads milky
white. Length, brachypterous ¢, 3 mm., width 2mm. Head slightly
narrower than pronotum, vertex nearly quadrate, rounding in front. Front
parallel margined, much longer than wide. _Elytra about as long as head
and pronotum, truncate behind, venation simple, indistinct. Colour :
vertex and face dark brown, with about seven narrow interrupted transverse
white bands. A light stripe across the apex of front, extending on across
the genz to join the stripe on the reflexed portion of pronotum. Clypeus
piceus, pronotum with the anterior half piceous brown, posterior half and
scutellum milky white. Elytra brown, the posterior margin milky white,
broadest towards the costal margin. Abdomen above brown, a median
and three lateral rows of white dashes, the anterior ones reduced to dots.
Below dark brown or pitchy. Two anterior pairs of femora dirty straw,
their foliaceous tibiz fuscous, the tarsi white, tipped with black.
Described from two females, one from Washington, D. C., from the
collection of Otto Heidemann, and the other from Riverton, N. J., collected
by C. W. Johnson, and sent by E. P. Van Duzee. Another female from
the District of Columbia apparently belongs here, but is immature and not
fully coloured. This is a pretty species, and might be mistaken for
a Pissonotus but for the foliaceous tibiz.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 233
TWO NEW PHYTOPHAGOUS HYMENOPTERA.
BY WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD, A. M., D. SC.
Xiphydria erythrogaster, sp. nov.—f. Length, 9.8 mm. Head
and thorax black, marked with yellow as follows: The black of the head
is confined to the occiput, a large spot on the crown is dilated on each
side, but does not quite reach the eye, while the yellow is confined to the
cheeks, the face to above the insertion of the antennz, the front orbits and
a V-shaped mark above the eyes. Mandibles yellow, with black teeth ;
prothorax yellow, with a black Jine on collar above and a black mark in
the lateral depressions ; mesonotum black, with two yellow spots on the
disc ; scutellum with the axille yellow; meso- and meta-sternum yellow,
with black marks. The abdomen is pale ferruginous, except the first
segment above, which is black ; the dorsal segments 1 to 4 have a yellow
spot on each lateral margin, while the ventral segments 4 to 6 have tufts
of black hairs. The antennz are 16-jointed, the first four joints pale
ferruginous, the others black or blackish, joints 4 to 6 being tipped with
yellow, the scape the longest joint, the third joint longer than the fourth,
the following gradually shortening. Wings hyaline, faintly tinged, the
veins brown. Legs pale ferruginous, the coxz and trochanters more or
less yellowish, or yellow in front.
Type.—Cat. No. 6844, U. S. N. M. (Ashmead collection),
Hab.—Avalon, N. J. (Charles W. Johnson).
Calameuta Johnsonii, sp. nov.—9?. Length, 9 mm. Black and
shining ; the mandibles, except at apex, the apex of the third palpal joint,
the front legs anteriorly from the middle of the femora to the fourth joint
of the tarsi, a band on each side of abdomen, a spot at the apical angle of
the 5th and 6th ventral segments, and the margins of the hypopygium,
lemon-yellow ; wings slightly smoky, the veins blackish, the stigma brown ;
antenn thickened towards apex, 21-jointed, the third joint shorter than
the fourth.
Type.—Cat. No. 6843, U. S. N. M. (Ashmead collection).
Hab.—Riverton, N. J. (Charles W. Johnson).
234 THE CANADIAN
ENTOMOLOGIST.
QUEBEC DIPTERA.
BY THOMAS W. FYLES, 54 WOLFE ST., LEVIS, QUEBEC.
I have taken, in the Province of Quebec, the undermentioned species
of two-winged flies, the names of which do not appear in the Toronto
Check List :
Culex consobrinus, Desvoidy.
Chironongus teeniapennis, Cog.
Tanypus hirtipennis, Loew.
Diplosis grassator, /yZes.
Bibio pallipes, Say.
Plecia heteroptera, Say.
Tipula cincta, Zoew.
Pachyrrhina lugens, Zoew.
Stratiomyia obesa, Zoew.
Chrysopila quadrata, Say.
Leptis vertebrata, Say.
Leptis Boscil, AZacgwart.
Dasyllis flavicollis, Say.
Lampria bicolor, Wiedemann.
Leptogaster histrio, Weedemann.
Argyramoeba sinuosa, Wed.
Thereva senex, Wadker.
Pterodontia flavipes, Gray.
Rhamphomyia umbrosa, Zoew.
Dolichopus plumipes, Scopod7.
Syrphus xanthostomus, Wed.
Syrphus arcuatus, Aad/en.
Sphegina rufiventris, Zoezw.
Rhingia nasica, Say.
Xylota curvipes, Zoew.
Cistogaster immaculata, AZacg.
Ocyptera Caroline, Desz.
Echinomyia florum, Wadker.
Gonia capitata, De Geer.
Exorista vulgaris, Maden.
Sarcophaga sarracenie, /z/ey.
Pollenia rudis, adricius.
Ophyra leucostoma, Wiedemann.
Anthomyia radicum, Ziénneus.
Blepharoptera lutea, Zoew.
Tetanocera plebeja, Zoew.
Pyrgota undata, Wiedemann.
Stictocephala cribellum, Zoew.
Scioptera vibrans, Zinneus.
Cheetopsis enea, Wiedemann.
Eutreta sparsa, Loew.
Eurosta solidaginis, Fitch.
Tephritis albiceps, Loew.
Palloptera superba, Zoew.
Heteroneura spectabilis, Zoew.
ENTOMOLOGICAL RErcORD.—In the last two Annual Reports of the
Entomological Society of Ontario, Dr. James Fletcher has given a very
valuable and highly-interesting record of the important events in the
world of Canadian Entomology noted during each year. As the prepara-
tion of this record involves a large amount of labour on his part and its
completeness and consequent value depends upon individual workers
throughout the Dominion, it is earnestly hoped that each one will send in,
without delay, notes of any remarkable captures or interesting observations
that he has made, and not put off doing so to the end of the season. If
received week by week, the trouble of classifying the notes and the
necessary correspondence is not very great, but if allowed to accumulate
it becomes most burdensome. Address (postage free), Dr. James
Fletcher, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 23
|
NOTES ON THE STRIDULATION AND HABITS OF
RANATRA FUSCA, PAL. B.
BY J. R. DE LA TORRE BUENO, NEW YORK.
Little is known regarding the sounds produced by the Rhynchota,
and that little refers almost exclusively to the Cryptocerata, of which
Corixa has had the most attention ; and some few observations have been
made on Nepa, Sigara and Notonecta. It seems to me, therefore, that it
would be well to put on record the observations and notes made by me on
the stridulation of Razatra, together with a few other remarks on this
insect.
Ranatra fusca, Pal. B., supposed to be the common form in the
north-eastern portion of America, on being removed from its natural
element, gives forth a peculiar note. Recently I have had the opportunity
to study this at close range, in a specimen at present living in my
aquarium. On taking the Hemipteron out of the water, the stridulation
can be plainly felt by the fingers, even though, as is at times the case, no
sound is audible. The vibrations, when heard, produce a rasping, creaky
chirp. Careful examination shows that the sound-producing apparatus of
Ranatra departs somewhat from the more commonly met devices, while
being similar to that in other insects in regard to the general method of
producing tonal vibrations by the friction of suitably roughened surfaces
in contact. The stridulatory areas in this insect are situated in the deep
and elongated coxal cavities of the first pair of legs. This, as far as I
have been able to learn, is.an unusual position, which is not mentioned by
Packard in his ‘‘Text-book of Entomology ”; nor have I been able to find
any reference to the production of sounds by Ravzatra in the literature on
the subject that I have been able to consult.
For the proper comprehension of the modus operandi, a brief and
necessarily superficial description of that portion of the thorax in which
the coxe are set is not out of place. The narrow, elongated prothorax of
Ranatra is not of sufficient width to receive both coxe with any space
between them. In order, therefore, to provide for this, the segment in
question expands cephalad, and is provided with two deep slits extending
to the anterior margin, one on each side, for the reception of the coxe.
Due to the extreme shortness and transverseness of the head, the lateral
processes of the cavities have the appearance of cheeks, and resemble
somewhat the cheek-pieces of a Greek helmet. The coxz rub against the
inner surface of the exterior walls of the cavities. Doubtless this surface
236 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
is roughened in some manner, as well as the portion of joint mentioned,
on the areas of friction. This mechanism cannot be properly explained
without a dissection, hence the insufficiency of the preceding.
To stridulate, Ravatra holds the first pair of legs in the same plane
as the body, perfectly straight, and somewhat separated at the extremities,
in such a manner as to press the coxe against the inner surface of the
outer wall of the coxal cavity. The insect jerks its legs while in this posi-
tion back and forth, and thus causes the vibration. Both legs may be in
motion at once, independently of each other ; or one only may be waved
about. Each leg, therefore, stridulates without reference to the other, as
Ranatra jerkily moves it about in anger or excitement.
In the literature and references that I have been able to look up, no
mention is made of this peculiarity of Razatra, although it cannot have
passed unnoticed by students of these hemipterous groups. In his ‘‘Cafa-
logus synonimicus et topographicus Rhynchotorum aquatilium hucusque in
Italia repertorum,” Dr. A. Griffini gives a very full bibliography of the
aquatic Rhynchota, and he records only one essay on the subject in
question, “On Stridulation in the Hemiptera Heteroptera,” by O. H.
Swinton, which mentions /Vega, but makes no reference to Ranatra. Mr.
G. W. Kirkaldy, F.E.S., also has had a paper on ‘“ The Stridulating
Organs of Water Bugs (Rhynchota), especially of Corixide,” treating
principally of the last named. At some future date I shall endeavour to
give a fuller account of the organs in Aanatra, together with a bibli-
ography. Meantime, a few random notes on habits may not be without
interest.
The way in which Ranatra seizes its prey is very characteristic. I
feed mine on living flies, which are presented with a forceps under water.
When the fly attracts its attention, Ravzatra very slowly, almost imper-
ceptibly, moves its fore-legs, with the knife-like tarsus away from the tibia,
toward its prey. When the tibiz are almost, or quite, touching the victim,
the movement is so sudden and quick that one is aware of it only by see-
ing the prey seized. Sometimes its hold is not satisfactory, and then it
will let go, first with one tarsus, get a firmer grip with that, and then do
the same with the other. Once it has the fly securely held, Ranatra
slowly approaches it to its extended beak, with which it seems to touch
and feel it until it finds a suitable spot, and proceeds to a leisurely meal.
From this it might seem that Ravatra depends for its food not on such
inhabitants of the water as swim by, but on the unwary ones that come to
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 2at
rest anywhere within reach of its rapacious claws, and then only for some
time. This is somewhat borne out by the fact that there are two or three
smaller insects in the aquarium with my specimen, which have thus far
entirely eluded Razatra’s appetite.
A noticeable characteristic is the exceeding slowness of this insect’s
motions. They are practically imperceptible, and only the change of
relative position of limbs or body makes one aware that it has moved.
On occasion, Ranxatra swims, not very fast nor very gracefully, but
sufficiently well to afford it more rapid transportation when it chooses to
resort to this method of locomotion. ‘The fringing hairs of its long legs
are of great help in this. The second and third pairs are the ones used in
swimming and walking, or otherwise moving about, by this insect, the first
pair being used almost exclusively for prehension.
SOME CORRECTIONS TO-DR., DYAR’S LIST OF NOCTUIDS.
BY A, RADCLIFFE GROTE, HILDESHEIM, GERMANY.
d.
In Dr. Dyar’s recent very full and careful List of North American
Noctuids, Wash. Cat., pp. 98-247, are a few errors which I would briefly
point out in this journal. They have mostly arisen from a neglect of a
couple of papers in Can. EntT., and one in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1895,
as well as from a two literal following of Prof. Smith’s Washington list.
With regard to the general sequence of the order adopted, I have given
that preferred by myself in these pages, and can only repeat here that the
Noctuid series ( Zzthosta—Voctua ) affords a paraliel to that of the blues and
skippers in the butterflies, and that I should place them below the series
Bombyx, Lachneis—Geometra, disturbing as little as possible the older
classifications.
For sequence and nomenclature see my paper, Can. Ent., XXXIIL.,
116. The papers in Can. Ent. apparently neglected by Dr. Dyar are:
Vol. XXV., 217, and 153. The types of the forms therein described are,
I believe, in the National Museum, Washington. They were sent at the
time to Prof. Riley.
I shall not especially and in detail again refer to the names of Mr.
Walker which incorrectly replace for the moment certain of these given by
me. They have been already discussed in these pages ; all the facts with
regard to the use of Hormzsa are given by mein the paper in the Am. Phil.
Proceedings, above alluded to, p. 429, 1895. For Hormisa, which is a
synomyn of Lpizeuxis, the term Litognatha should be substituted.
238 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
A small box was mailed to me at Bremen by the late Mr. Hill, from
Albany. As I remember, it contained, among the few specimens, the
types of Hepialus auratus (Sthenopis, Cat. p. 580) and Rheumaptera
immediata (3404 Cat., marked with a star and type stated to be “ lost ”).
The contents of the box were deposited in the Bremen Museum for
preservation.
In Dr. Dyar’s list of Noctuids, I notice the following double names :
The specimens identified as 2249 sericea, are probably 2253 venustula.
What sericea is, is not known; the erroneous determination came from
Albany. No. 2134 and No. 2143 I considered identical. No. 2201
should be referred as synonymous with No. 2223. The original name was
changed by the authors,
2473. Formosa is type of Chrysanympha, Grote, Proc. Am. Phil.
Soc., 417, 1895. I cannot regard this as congeric with moneta,
which is type of Po/ychrysta, Hubn. (Grote, id.). But I may be
wrong.
2475. d£reoides, not “ eroides”; this mistake is copied from Smith,
Wash. Cat. 247.
2479. Festuce is type of Chrysaspidia, Hubn. Verz. (Grote, id.), and
illistris is type of Huchalcia, which latter term is therefore here
wrongly employed, and should be dropped. Speyer, Staudinger
and myself agree that Putnamz is not a race of festuce, but a dis-
tinct species, and it appears to be also Asiatic in its range (Staud.
and Rebel Cat. 2547, p. 237).
2489. Egena: the identification of this species from Florida, given
in Smith’s List, p. 251, Can. Ent., XV., 26, should have been
cited.
2493. The identification of frate//a with ow is incorrect, as stated
by Smith, Wash. List, p. 252. The two are distinct species, in
my opinion. Any confusion between them seems to arise from
a wrong identification of Guenée’s species.
On page 206 of Dr. Dyar’s List, the genera, Oxyct/la tripla and
Zelicodes linearis, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., l.c., 1895, are omitted. Zznearis
ls wrongly cited under ‘ Hormisa,” No. 3033. Of this species Prof.
Smith has written that it does not belong to Zitognatha, and is not a
Deltoid at all. Types of these two species are in coll. Neumogen, where
Dr. Dyar examined them for me, l.c., p. 418.
Mailed August Ist, 1903.
The € anatiay ¥ntomalogist.
VoL. XXXV. LONDON, SEPTEMBER, 1903. No. 9
LIST OF CANADIAN COLEOPTERA.
BY JOHN D. EVANS, TRENTON, ONT.
The following list has been prepared from collections made in the
Northwest Territories of Canada during the seasons of 1879, 1880 and
1881, by Prof. John Macoun, Botanist of the Geological Survey Depart-
ment of Canada.
During the summer of 1879 collecting was done, starting from Fort
Ellice, thence to the head of Long Lake: thence to the elbow of the South
Saskatchewan ; then after crossing the river, in an almost straight line to
Battleford ; then south to the Hand Hills, and still south to Blackfoot
crossing ; thence west to Calgary, and up the Bow River to the gap in the
Rocky Mountains.
In 1880 collecting commenced at Brandon ; thence to Moose Moun-
tains, from there to Moose Jaw; thence by Swift Current Creek to the
Cypress Hills and Fort Walsh; from Fort Walsh to Dunmore, and then
towards the South Saskatchewan, and on to Humboldt, on the old north
trail, and thence to Fort Ellice.
In 1881, starting from Portage la Prairie ; thence to Lake Manitoba;
then up Lake Manitoba and Lake Winnipegosis to its head; then up
Red Deer River to its head ; then down Swan River to Livingstone, and
across to the Assiniboine at Fort Pelly, and down it to Fort Ellice.
The first two years were almost wholly on the plains, and collections
made largely on mud by pools and in sand hills. The third year was
almost wholly by water.
The species taken during each of these seasons are indicated by the
abbreviated figures ’79, 80 and ’81, respectively.
An asterisk (*) before the several] names indicates a species not here-
tofore recorded as having occurred in Canada, in so far as the Society’s list
and lists appearing subsequently in THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST are
concerned.
The numbers are those of Henshaw’s List.
240 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The compiler is very grateful to all who have assisted in determining
these insects, particular mention being made of Mr. Henry Ulke, the late
Dr. John Hamilton and Prof. H. F. Wickham, for their very many acts
of kindness.
Cicindelide.
réc, Cicindela Montana, Lec., 1879.
ce
Pore;
25, “cc
26a, fe
30a,
32,
33:
35
*36,
P55:
Audubon, Lec., ’79, ’80.
1o-notata, Say, ’8o.
generosa, Dej., ’80.
limbata, Say, ’79, ’8o.
vulgaris, Say, ’8o.
repanda, Dej., 80, ’St.
hirticollis, Say, ’79
cinctipennis, Lec.. ’79, ’5o.
lepida, Dej., ’79.
Carabide.
*g2, Cychrus angusticollis, Fisch., ’79.
116, Carabus Meander, Fi:ch., ’8r.
ce
119,
21,
ay
teedatus, Fab.. 79, ’80, ’8r.
serratus, Say, ’79, ’80, ’81.
*137, Calosoma obsoletum, Suy, ’79, ’80.
oe
142,
1424,
TTS,
*148b,
ee
calidum, Fab., ’79, ’8o.
tepidum, Lec., ’79, 80.
moniliatum, Lec., ’79.
Zimmermanni, Lec., ’79, ’80
153, Elaphrus cicatricosus, Lec., ’79, ’80
ee
157;
160,
oe
riparius, Linn., ’79,
ruscarlus, Say, 80, ’81.
165, Blethisa multipunctata, Linn., ’81.
178, Notiophilus sibiricus, Mots.,’79, ’80.
180, Leistus ferruginosus, Mann, ’79,
217, Pasimachus elongatus, Lec., ’80.
225, Dyschirius nigripes, Lec., ’8o.
305, Bembidium carinula, Chd., ’79, ’8r.
oe
*306,
3°97)
311, ie
oe
Lorquinu, Chaud., ’79.
littorale, Oliv., ’81.
coxendix, Say, 79.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
41
313, Bembidium nitidum, Kirby, ’79, ’8o.
te © fuscicrum, Motz., ’79.
359; ‘ scopulinum, Kirby, ’8o,
+208, be postremum, Say, ’79, 8r.
363, ee Grapii, Gyll., ’8o.
P3795 oh viridicolle, Laf., 79, ’8c.
* 380, ch variolosum, Motz.
384, ns conspersum, Chd., ’79, ’80, ’81.
386, tt patruele, Dej., “81.
389, és nigripes, Kirby, ’79, 80.
* 403, oe Seudden, Lec.,.’79, 80.
"420, a semistriatum, Hald., ’79.
=H be timidum, Lec., ’79, ’80.
s QHSPis 7G.
oy 25s, (OO:
449, Tachys nanus, Gyll.,’79.
550, Pterostichus punctatissimus, Rand., ’81.
Be510, e scitulus, Lec., ’79.
“cGn, i corvus, Lec., "79.
565, a lucublandus, Say, ’8o,
507), y convexicollis, Say, ’8o,
583, e Lucezotii, Dej., 79, 81.
588, se femoralis, Kirby, ’8o.
*628, Amara jacobine, Lec., ’8o.
Gay. “=| latior,. Kirby,.°79,.
*654, “ longula, Zimm., ’79, ’8o0.
657, “ impuncticollis, Say, ’79, ’80.
658, “ littoralis, Mann, ’79, ’80.
664.0-°S))) fallaxs Lec., ’795.'80,
669, ‘‘ erratica, Sturm., ’8o.
674, .“ @besa; Say, "7 9.780%
mGvGer o wterrestris, Lec, 2701
*678, “ remotestriata, Dej., ’79, ’80.
SP.» 79:
De SDs fh We. OSs
ea Spun ak
S
i
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
710, Diplochila laticollis, Lec., 79, 80.
711,
742;
7435
706,
7 Bi
786,
796,
800,
S15,
818,
$2
831,
835;
836,
ce
impressicollis, Dej,, ’80.
Calathus gregarius, Say, ’80, ’81.
“é
Platynus
ingratus, Dej., ’8r.
sinuatus, Dej, ’79, ’81.
funebris, Lec., ’79, ’80.
errans;. Say, 76), 60,.01-
corvus, Lec., ’79, ’8o.
cupripennis, Say, ’79, ’8o.
placidus, Say, ’79, "80.
cupreus, Dej., ’79.
obsoletus, Say, ’79.
ruficornis, Lec., ’79.
lutulentus, Lec., ’81-.
nigriceps, Lec., ’79.
Sp., 70:
Sp., SO:
882a, Lebia meesta, Lec., ’8o.
gtt, Blechrus nigrinus, Mann, ’79.
940, Cymindis cribricollis, Dej., 79, ’8e.
*O4I,
“cc
planipennis, Lec., ’79, ’8o.
996, Chleenius sericeus, Forst., 80.
1021,
1028,
oe
ce
pennsylvanicus, Say, ’80, ’8r.
interruptus, Hern, ’81.
1052, Geopinus incrassatus, Dej., ’79, ’80.
*1054, Nothopus zabroides, Lec., ’79, ’8o.
*1057, Piosoma setosum, Lec., ’79.
1061, Agonoderus pallipes, Fab., ’79, ’8o.
1079, Harpalus erraticus, Say, ’8o.
ToST,
1082,
1087,
Sei e
*1096,
*1099,
Lrox,
II02,
1106,
ce
amputatus, Say, ’79, ’8o.
viridizneus, Beauv., ’8o.
Pennsylvanicus, Dej., ’8o.
herbivagus, Say, 779, ’80,
ventralis, Lec., 80.
ellipsis, Lec., ’80.
cautus, Dej., 79, 80,
innocuus, Lec., ’79.
Lewisil, Lec., 779.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 243
1110, Harpalus funestus, Lec., ’79.
1 gy “i basilaris, Kirby, ’79.
See ge SDs TO:
2 Sp.;, 80.
1140, Stenolophus conjunctus, Say, ’79, ’8o.
1158, Bradycellus rupestris, Say, ’80.
Dytiscide.
1302, Ccelambus impressopunctatus, Sch., ’8o.
1399, Ilybiosoma bifarius, Kirby, ’So.
1425, Agabus punctulatus, Aubé, ’8o.
e436; strigulosus, Cr., ’79, ’8o.
i We Da infuscatus, Aubé, ’8o.
1444, erythropterus, Say, ’8o.
1466, Rhantus bistriatus, Bergst., 81.
1474, Colymbetes sculptilis, Harr., ’79.
1491, Dytiscus Harrisii, Kirby, ’81.
e Sp... 79; 8G-
(To be continued.)
se
“ec
A NEW PARANOMIA FROM BRITISH COLUMBIA.
BY WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD, A. M., D. SC.
Faranomia Venablesii, sp. nov.—@. Length 10.5 mm. Black ;
abdominal segments 1-4 at apex with bands of a golden-yellowish Z
pubescence ; the head in front, the cheeks, the occiput, the thorax in
front at the sides, the postscutellum, the legs, and the abdomen beneath,
all clothed with a pale or whitish pubescence. Wings hyaline, fuliginous
at apex, the coste and parastigma black, the stigmal and internal veins
testaceous. Legs mostly black, with tarsal joints 2-5 mostly yellowish.
The head is rather finely, sparsely punctate, the thorax more closely and
densely punctate, but with the punctures finer on the scutellum, while the
metathorax is shagreened, opaque. The abdomen has the first segment
minutely punctulate, the following segments being more or less alutaceous.
Type.—Cat. No. 6224, U.S. N. M.
Described from a single specimen, captured July 20th, rgo2, at
Vernon, B. C., by Mr. E. P. Venables.
244 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
SOME DIPTERA FROM ARIZONA.
BY JAMES S. HINE, STATE UNIVERSITY, COLUMBUS, OHIO.
In a collection of Diptera, taken in Arizona by J. Thomas Lloyd, of
Cincinnati, Ohio, during the summer of 1902, I find some species of
sufficient importance to warrant recording notes concerning them at this
time.
Chrysops proclivis, O. S—Specimens of this species were taken in
Oak Creek Canyon, July 5th. I have not seen a record of the species
from this territory heretofore.
Tabanus hyalinipennis, n. sp.—Female. Eyes bare ; length 15 mm.;
antennz entirely black ; proboscis black; palpi yellowish, with short
white hairs; face and front brown, but this colour concealed by gray
pollen ; lower part of face and cheeks clothed with long white hair ; front
rather narrow, slightly narrowed below ; frontal callosity shining brown,
nearly square, and as wide as the front and witha linear prolongation
above it ; thorax reddish above, with four distinct black stripes, which
extend back to the scutellum ; margin of scutellum reddish, with white
hair, remainder blackish, with black hair ; femora black, with gray pollen
and white hair; tibize reddish; apices black, or at least dark; tarsi
black ; wings entirely hyaline ; veins and stigma brown, all the posterior
cells wide open. Abdomen black dorsally ; first segment broadly white
on each side ; posterior margin narrowly white, and a white spot beneath
the scutellum ; second segment with a prominent white triangle on each
side of the middle and a white hind margin, which is three or four times
as wide external to the triangles as between them; third segment with a
narrow white marking on each side corresponding to the lateral triangles of
the previous segment and white hind margin, which expands at the middie
into a prominent spot, truncate before and attaining the middle of its
segment ; fourth segment with a narrow white hind margin, which ex-
pands into a prominent median triangle, which attains the anterior border
of its segment ; fifth, sixth and seventh segments with very narrow white
hind margins. Ventrally the abdomen is dark, darkest on the middle,
and clothed with gray pollen.
Habitat.—Oak Creek Canyon. Several specimens, two of which are
before me ; one taken July 2nd and the other July 7th.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 245
In form and appearance the species suggests 7: ¢rimacu/atus, but
the hyaline wings, the abdominal markings and smaller size are distinctive.
It lacks the large median white triangle on the second segment, so
conspicuous in soda/is.
Leptomydus venosus, Lw.—The species of this genus seem not to be
easily recognized, because the sexes of each species are widely different,
and all the original descriptions were written from a single sex, some from
males and some from females. In the collection before me are the sexes
of a species, the male of which agrees very well with venssus. I give
below the descriptions of both sexes, hoping that such may be of use to
some future student of the group :
Male.—Head and its appendages black ; face and front clothed with
long yellowish gray pile. Thorax black, with four light-coloured stripes
above ; anterior and middie legs black, with extreme bases of all the
tibize yellowish ; broad bases of posterior femora and tibie yellow, other-
wise these legs are black or brown; wings uniform dilute yellowish.
Abdomen reddish; posterior margins or all the segments narrowly yellow,
and on each side of the second segment the yellow margin surrounds a
small reniform black spot ; anterior margins of all the segments black ; the
first segment is wholly black, except the yellow hind margin, and on the
sixth and seventh segments the black is mostly confined to the sides.
Length 15 mm.
Female.— Whole insect reddish-yellow ; eyes, proboscis and part of
front blackish ; thorax with light yellow stripes ; abdominal segments
margined behind with distinct light yellow; on each side of the second
segment this yellow margin includes a small reniform black spot; spines
at end of abdomen red ; wings coloured as in the male. Length 19 mm. .
In both male and female the first posterior cells of the wings are
wide open.
Habitat.—Both sexes taken in Oak Creek Canyon, June 3oth.
In the female the black proboscis, the lack of black stripes on the
luteral margins of segments (two to seven) and the red spines at the end
of the abdomen serve to distinguish this sex from brachyrhynchus of Osten
Sacken.
Myiolepta aurinota, n. sp.—Male. Length g9 mm. In general
coloration the antenne are reddish, but the first two segments are darker
and more shining than the third; arista at base concolorous with the
246 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
segment that bears it, at apex darker. Region surrounding the ocelli, a
space above the antenne, a triangular spot on the face, including the
facial callosity and cheeks, shining black ; remainder of the face and front
gray pollinose, with sparse white hairs near the eyes. Mesonotum, includ-
ing the scutellum, entirely densely clothed with coarse golden hair; pleura
with white hair ; wings nearly hyaline, but from certain views they appear
slightly clouded ; general colour of legs black, with white hair; all the
tibiz yellowish at base; first two segments of each of the middle and
hind tarsi yellow ; first two segments of each front tarsus dusky, but
lighter in colour than the three remaining segments ; all the femora
swollen, and with short black spines below on apical parts. Abdomen
black, clothed on dorsum with black and golden hair, on sides with white
hair ; the black hair of the dorsum is very short, and distributed as
follows: the anterior half of the second segment, a rectangular patch on
anterior middle of the third segment, occupying two-thirds of the length
and over half of the width of this segment, and a triangular patch on the
anterior third of the fourth segment. The golden hair is longer and
coarser than the black, and most dense on the fourth segment. The first
segment, and all the sutures between segments, are thinly gray pollinose,
giving the effect to the unaided eye of gray bands.
Habitat.—Pheenix, Arizona. Taken June 18th.
The species has most affinities with striglata, Loew, and auri-
caudata, Williston, but on comparison with the former species in the U.
S. National Museum, I find the two have a very different appearance.
From the latter the coloration of the abdomen and legs, the lack of
‘golden tomentum” on the frontal triangle, and the larger size are
sufficient to distinguish it. In accordance with what has been observed
in related species, | should expect that the vestiture of the female is paler
than in the male,
Milesia bella, ‘Townsend.—Several specimens of this beautiful
syrphid were taken at Elden Mountain, June 17th. The black front
tibiz and tarsi and the thoracic markings easily distinguish the species
from ornata, Say, which is our common eastern member of the genus. A
reference to Townsend’s fine description in the Annals and Magazine of
Natural History, Ser. 6, Vol. XIX., 142, will reveal the characters of de//a
and its differences from ornata. Townsend’s types were taken in
southern New Mexico.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 247
Ay LIST, OF ‘CALIFORNIA /APAIDIDA.
BY WARREN T. CLARKE, BERKELEY, CALIF.
Our knowledge of the group Aphidide in California has been limited
in the past to certain forms that were of economic importance in their
relations to cultivated crops. No systematic list of these interesting
insects has heretofore been attempted in this region, and this has not been
due to any lack of material, for the varying conditions of climate here
seem to be particularly favorable to them.
In Hunter’s list of the Aphidide of North America (Bull. No. 60,
Iowa Ag. Ex. Sta., tg01) we find nine forms that may be considered as
reported from California. Only five of these forms are directly referred to
this State, while the other four are stated to be found, as in the case of
Nectarophora avene, Fabr., “throughout the United States.” One of the
five forms directly referred to the State is Apis mali, Fabr. The writer
is doubtful of the occurrence of madi here, and believes that other species
have been confused with it, and therefore does not include it as a
California form. With this exception the following list is made up from
the reported Aphididz of California and from the writer’s own collections
in the State during the past eighteen months.
Forty-three species are listed, including ten new species. ‘This num-
ber does not by any means exhaust the group so far as this State 1s con-
cerned, as it represents but few localities, yet it is believed that the
presentation of the list at this time is desirable, in that it may stimulate
further study of the group by other observers.
TABLE OF GENERA.
Aewlinired-discoidal-vein wanting.) 00... %. . 4.5. Perea ty MOREE:
age 3 Boe simples etter: dies Gia oe Eek DIG US.
jeNy 8 NS 3 "¢" one-branehed sn eee . SCMIZONe Mira.
ia \ia\ 2 ia i ** — two-branched.
Eeexntennes ave-jomted,.. ich 2... awake tet ee 1A achnas.
BB. Antenne seven-jointed.
C. Style long.
D. Frontal tubercles toothed internally.... .......Phorodon,
DD. Frontal tubercles not toothed internally.
E. Frontal tubercles approximate............Nectarophora.
Hie Krontal tubercles distant. Gi a.) ies... dviv.a beMyaus.
CC. Style short.
248 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
F. Honey tubes long.
G. Antenne on frontal tubercles .. .....Rhopalosiphum.
GG. Antenne not on frontal tubercles.
H. Honey tubes clavate:.............,Sipmocoryne.
HH. Honey tubes cylindrical.
I. Body long .........° 22220.) pene
It. Bodyshort.... 02.3.0. 2... 2 0 rr
FF. Tloney tubes skort.
J. Antenne shorter than body... . Chaitophorus.
JJ. Antenne longer than body.
K. Honey tubes longer than
broad ...... +... 0... Drephanesipaem:
KK. Honey tubes shorter than
broad’... 2. .....¢.2 Ca
PHYLLOXERA.— Vastatrix, Planchon ; Vitis vinifera ; California.
PemMPHIGUS.—Sugma more than twice as long as broad, popudlicaudis ;
less than twice as long as broad, dete.
Populicaulis, Fitch; cottonwood and poplar; Fresno, Berkeley,
Rumsey.
Bete, Doane ; sugar-beet, Canaigre (Rumex hymenosepalous) ; red
dock ; Berkeley, Placer County, Palo Alto.
While these two forms of Pemphigus are reported as separate species,
it is the opinion of the writer that it will be found that one is a migrant
form of the other. I have noted Jefe to be extremely prevalent on sugar.
beets planted near cottonwoods infested with popudicaudis.
SCHIZONEURA —Abdomen chocolate-brown, /anigera; pale green,
pintcola ; black, guerct; lilac brown, Americana.
The colour effect is best obtained by bathing the fresh specimens for
a short time in 95°/ alcohol.
Lanigera, Haus. ; apple ; throughout the State.
Pinicola, Thos. ; Pine (P. radiata) ; Berkeley, Palo Alto.
Querci, Fitch ; various oaks ; Berkeley.
Americana, Riley ; elm ; Berkeley, Newcastle.
Lacunus.—A/nifolie, Fitch ; alder (A/nus, sp.) ; Berkeley, Colfax.
CHaIropHoRuS.— Viminalis, Monell; willow ; Newcastle, Watson-
ville.
CALLIPTERUS. —
A. Body with dorsal sete.
b. Body less than twice as long as broad,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 249
C: ae eee 5 AY es Ae eee valinus.
@2~ Colour dark yellows? 22. .<.. aS Ae ee ee OLY II,
BB. Body more than twice as tela. as road:
D. Four rows of setiferous tubercles on back of
abdomen ...... peed a. tat ehate ee CASLATES:
DD. Setiferous Gabieneless MOAN FOWS = . 00.) Oe Sarumdicolens.
AA. Body without dorsal sete.
E. Seventh joint of antenne shorter than sixth........carye.
EE. Seventh joint of antenne longer than sixth. . . betuleecolens.
Cary@, Monell ; black walnut; Berkeley.
Betulecolens, Fitch ; birch ; Berkeley.
Castanee, Fitch ; chestnut ; Berkeley.
Arunidicolens, n. sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 1.54 mm.; width 69 mm. Length of joints of
antenna: 1hL>.77 mm.; IV., .somm.; V.,.54 mm.; VI.,.27 mm.; VII.,
.27 mm. Body setiferous ; general colour light lemon-yellow to darker
yellow. Nectarics reduced to tubercles. Cauda wart-like. Rostrum
reaching to second coxe. Antennal joints III., IV. and V. black at
outer ends. Tarsi dusky. Eyes red-brown.
Alate viviparous female.
Length of body, 2.19 mm.; width, .81 mm. Expanse of wings from
tip to tip, 7.19 mm. Length of joints of antenne: III., 1.04 mm.; IV.,
.58 mm.; V., .61 mm.; VI., .35 mm.; VII.,.35 mm. General colour of
body light lemon-yellow. Wings hyaline ; veins and stigma greenish,
Cauda short, tip black. Nectaries reduced to tubercles. Tarsi dusky,
Eyes red. Sixth antennal joint dusky; Vth and [Vth black at outer end;
I{Ird ringed with black one-third distance from joint IT. and at outer end.
Small colonies, and also distributed singly on under sides of leaves
of bamboo (Arundo, sp.), Berkeley.
flyalinus, Monell ; oak ( Quercus imbricata) ; Berkeley.
Coryli, Goetze ; hazelnut (Corvyus, sp.) ; Berkeley.
DREPHANOSIPHUM.—Acerifolii, Thos. ; live oak ; Berkeley.
HvALOPTERUS.— Arundinis, Fabr. ; apricot; Berkeley.
APHIS.—
A. Antennz not more than half the length of body.
B. Honey tubes reaching not quite half way to tip of abdomen,
fe. Llomeypiibes Teq Drown... 22) sa ass oe eps. Alamedensis.
GG Honey tubesivellow si... 2. aeiaaqiscte., «2 acalendulicola,
CCC. Honey tubes black.
250 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
D. Body less than twice as long as broad........ persicze-niger.
DD. Body more than twice as long as broad .... ....... maidis.
BB. Honey tubes reaching more than half way to tip of abdomen.
EK. Cauda more than twice as wide at base as at
tip (conical)®. ssf, 2... 6.0.4 0g
EE. Cauda about as wide at base as at ‘ae
(filiform) . _ Ea are MP
AA. Antenne three- fo aise or more length af body:
BBB. Honey tubes reaching beyond tip of abdomen.
F. Cauda inconspicuous ..°... ss. #2 = 2. 1se eee
FF. Cauda evident.
G. Cauda about as wide at tip as at base
(filiform)... Ree rs os eg «fe EN, 12 mm.;,1V.,.o6 mm; V.,.06 mm; VI.; .n2imm.; VIL,
15 mm. Head and thorax fuscous, abdomen dark green. Nectaries
fuscous, reaching to tip of abdomen. Cauda conical. Tarsi dusky,
other joints of legs yellow green. A row of six dark spots extends from
the nectaries to the thorax on each side of the abdomen. Rostrum
extends to middle coxe. Eyes dark.
Alate viviparous female.
Length of body, 1.22 mm.; width, .54 mm. Expanse of wings from
tip to tip, 3.77 mm. Length of joints of antenne: III., .15 mm.; IV.,
aeeptiiies V.,.12 mm.; VI.,.08 mm.; VII.,.23 mm: | Head and thorax
greenish-black. Abdomen yellowish-green, with two black dorsal patches.
Wings hyaline, veins greenish. Stigma, long, narrow, greenish. Cauda
conical, dusky. Nectaries black, reaching to tip of abdomen. Legs and
antennz dusky. Eyes black.
Found on under sides of leaves of mulberry (Morus, sp.), appearing
in enormous numbers, and giving the attacked trees a dirty, smutty
appearance.
252, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
(Enothere, Oestl.: Gnothera bectiana, Epilobium ; Berkeley.
Persice-niger, Smith ; peach, plum ; Placer County.
Sorbi, Kalt ; apple ; Placer County.
SIPHOCORYNE.—Feniculi, Pass.; sweet fennel (#. vulgare); Berkeley,
Newcastle.
RuHOPALOSIPHUM.— Dianthi, Schrank ; English ivy ; Berkeley.
Myzus.—Cerasi, Fabr.; Greengage ; Berkeley.
PHoRODON.— Scrophularia, Thos.; Screphularia, sp.; Berkeley.
Flumuli, Schrank. Reported as present on hops and Prunus
domesticus, in this State. Unknown to me.
NECTAROPHORA.—
A. Antenne as long or longer than body.
B. Honey tubes reaching beyond tip of abdomen.
C. Honey tubes black... 0... c: 2540. 22 rr
CC. Honey tubes clouded yellow.
D. Body more than twice as long as broad.
KE. Cauda more than twice as wide at base as at
tip! (conteal) epee te AEE . ot TOS.
EE. Cauda about as wide at base as at le ‘lito Carieaet a.
DD. Body less than twice as long as broad.
F, Cauda more than twice as wide at base as at
tip (conical) . 20)... 0.2 5 0 ee
FF. Cauda about as wide at base as at tip
(filiform) 322 as BAe seas a. See
BB. Honey tubes reaching to up of abiloincnt
G.. Honey tubes black .... 30.25 - 2 7
GG. Honey tubes yellow... ..°~. 7 22 eres
AA. Antenne shorter than body.
H. Honey tubes and cauda black ........ .. citrifolii.
HH. Honey tubes and cauda clouded yellow. . .jasmini.
Citrifolii, Ashm.; orange ; Azusa.
Jasmini, 0. sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 1.73 mm.; width; .58 mm. Length of joints of
antenne : ITI., .23 mm.; IV., .e3 mm.} V., .1r9o mm; VI. pee
.38 mm. General colour yellowish-green. Nectaries reaching beyond tip
of abdomen, clouded yellow in colour, with outer ends darker. ‘Tarsi
dusky ; other joints of legs light yellow. Antennal joint IIT. light yellow;
others dusky. Rostrum reaching to third coxze. Eyes pink.
Oo
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 25
Small colonies on under sides of leaves of jasmin. No winged speci-
mens found. Berkeley.
Sonchella, Monell ; Sonchus, sp. (Sow thistle) ; Berkeley, Palo Alto,
Newcastle.
Lycopersici, n. sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 2.31 mm. width, .58 mm, Length of joints of
aabemm@ce > PEL; 65 -mm:; IV.,.54mm.; V-,.54.mm.; VI., :¥5 mm.;- V1I1.,
.77 mm. General colour green. Nectaries yellow, occasionally dusky at
outer end, reaching to tip of abdomen. Cauda prominent, green, out-
lined with black. ‘Tarsi black. ‘Tips of tibize black. Rest of tibie and
femora dusky. Eyes red
Alate viviparous female.
Length of body, 2.50 mm.; width, .g6 mm. Expanse_ of
wings from tip to tip, 8.65 mm. Length of joints of antenne:
Meeeawoum. TV, .5do°mm; VV. .68.mm.; VI., .19 mm:; VIE
.77 mm. General colour green. Nectaries yellow, occasionally dusky at
onter end, reaching beyond tip of abdomen, Cauda prominent. ‘Tarsi
black. Tip of femur and tibie black, rest of joints of legs greenish,
yellow. Antenne dusky. Wings hyaline, veins and stigma yellow-green.
Third discoidal vein obsolete at base.
A handsome insect, found on tomato, generally on the blossoms,
which they destroy. Occasionally found on tender leaves. Individuals
isolated or in very small colonies. Berkeley.
Valeriania, n. sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 2.85 mm; width, 1.15 mm. Length of joints of
_antenne : ITI., .81 mm.; IV., .69 mm.; V.,.58 min.; VI., .19 mm; VIL,
.88 mm. General colour of body yellow-brown. Nectaries black, reach-
ing beyond tip of abdomen. Cauda prominent. Antenne dusky. Tarsi
and outer ends of femur and tibia black. Rest Of joints of legs yellowish.
Rostrum reaching to third coxe and tipped with black. Eyes yellowish,
Alate viviparous female.
Length of body, 2.92 mm.; width, 1.15 mm. Expanse of wings from
tip to tip, 9.61 mm. Length of joints of antenne: III, 1.00 mm.; IV.,
-77 mm.; V., .65 mm.; VI.,.19 mn.; VII,.96 mm. Antenne and head,
back of thorax, nectaries and outer ends of femora and tibie black.
General colour of rest of body and legs yellow-brown. Wings greenish-
yellow, veins darker. Third discoidal vein obsolete at base. Rostrum
reaching to second cox. Cauda prominent. Nectaries reaching beyond
tip of abdomen. Eyes black.
bo
on
rw
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Small colonies cn growing tip of valerian ( Valeriana officinalis),
Berkeley.
Rhamani, n. sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 1.73 mm.; width, .81 mm. Length of joints of
antenne : IIL, .50 mm.; IV.,.38 mm.; V.,,.38 mm.;, V Ligue
.g6 mm. General colour green. Nectaries greenish-yellow, reaching
beyond tip of abdomen. Cauda prominent, conical. Legs and antenie
light yellow. Rostrum reaching to middle coxee. Eyes dark red.
Small colonies on under sides of leaves of Rhamnus Californica.
No winged specimens found. Lander.
Baccharidis, n. sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 1.38 mm.; width, .62 mm. Length of joints of
antenne: IIL, .58 mm.; 1V., .27 mm.; V., .27 mm.; VI.) eee
.38 mm. General colour of body green. Nectaries clouded yellow,
reaching well beyond tip of abdomen. Antenne, tibiz and tarsi dusky.
Cauda prominent, filiform. Rostrum dusky, reaching to second coxe.
Eyes dark red.
Alate viviparous female.
Length of body, 2.11 mm.; width .77 mm. Expanse of wings from
tip to tip, 6.92 mm. Length of joints of antenne: III., .62 mm.; IV.,
31 mm.; V.;.3r mm.; VI,:15 mm.; VIL, .38 mm: Generaiecomunee
body green. Nectaries, tip of femora, tibiae and tarsi black. Wings
hyaline, stigma greenish, veins dusky. Cauda prominent. Nectaries
reaching much beyond tip of abdomen. Eyes dark red.
Isolated individuals and small colonies on Baccharis, sp. Berkeley.
Rose, Linn, Very common on rose in many parts of the State.
Californica, 0. Sp.—Apterous viviparous female.
Length of body, 1.92 mm.; width, .77 mm. Length of joints of
antenne: III, .35 mm; IV.,.38 mm; V., .50 mm.; VI, .19 mm.; VIL,
1.08 mm. General colour green. Joints of the antenne and the tarsi
black. Rostrum reaching to second coxe, tip black. Nectaries yellow-
green, reaching beyond tip of abdomen. Eyes pale,
Small colonies on tips of new growth of willow. No winged
individuals present. Newcastle.
Avene, Fabr. Present in the State, but unknown to me, and not
included in synoptical table.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 255
FOUR NEW SPECIES OF CULEX.
BY D. W. COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Culex cantator, new species.—Female. Near sylvestris, but the
seventh abdominal segment almost wholly yellow scaled, etc. Head
black, oral margin and base of antennz yellow, remainder of antennz and
the proboscis black, palpi brown, its scales chiefly concolorous, no cluster
of white hairs or scales at their apices ; narrow scales of middle of occiput
golden yellow, the upright ones chiefly black, sides of occiput covered
with depressed whitish scales and with a small cluster of black ones ;
thorax reddish brown, scales of mesonotum golden yellow, becoming pale
yellow in front of the scutellum and on the pleura ; abdomen black, its
scales black, except a crossband of yellowish white ones at base of each
segment, the bands considerably narrowed at the middle, similar scales
scattered over the sixth and nearly the whole of the seventh segment and
along apices of the two preceding segments ; legs yellow basally, becom-
ing brown on the tibiz and tarsi, scales of femora chiefly pale yellow, of
the tibie mostly black, those on the hind side pale yellow, on the bases
of the tarsal joints whitish, those on the second joint of the hind tarsi cov-
ering about one-fourth the length of the joint, front tarsal ciaws toothed ;
wings hyaline, lateral scales of the veins long and narrow, hind crossvein
nearly its length from the small crossvein, petiole of first submarginal cell
from one-half to four-fifths as long as the cell; length, 4 mm. One speci-
men bred May 6, by Mr. LaRue Holmes.
Habitat.—Summit, New Jersey.
I have also examined 8 females and as many males, bred by Prof. J.
B. Smith, from the salt-marshes of New Jersey. In the male the scales of
the palpi are black, thosé of the under side and at bases of the last two
joints yellowish white, no whitish band at base of the antepenult joint.
Prof Smith informs me that the larva is readily separated from that
of sylvestris.
Culex aurifer, new species.—Female. Near friseriatus, but the
scales on sides of mesonotum golden yellow instead of white, and the
venter is without crossbands of black scales. Black, the halteres, coxe
and femora largely yellow ; scales and hairs of palpi brown, scales of occi-
put golden yellow, the upright ones brown ; scales in middle of mesono-
tum brownish black, those on the sides and many in front of the scutellum
golden yellow, those of pleura pale yellow ; scales of abdomen black, those
on the venter pale yellow, sometimes encroaching a trifle on the dorsum,
256 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
hairs of the first segment and at the apices of the others pale yellow ;
scales of femora and on posterior side of tibke pale yellow, remaining
scales of tibiz and those on the tarsi black, front tarsal claws toothed ;
wings hyaline, lateral scales of the veins long and narrow, hind crossvein
about its length from the small crossvein, petiole of first submarginal cell
three-fifths the Jength of the cell; length, 4.5 mm.
Three specimens, collected June 22 and 25, by Dr. H. G. Dyar.
Habitat.—Centre Harbour, N. H.
I have also examined two males and two females from Lahaway, N.
J., bred by Dr. J. B. Smith, who writes that the larva is very different
from that of ¢réser¢atus. The adult male is similar to the female except
that the hairs of the palpi are chiefly whitish, and the dorsum of the
abdomen has several yellow scales on the apical half.
Culex nanus, new species.—Female. Near samaicensis, but much
smaller, the light-coloured scales on the tibize not collected into spots,
mesonotum without round spots of yellowish scales, etc. Black, the base
of the antennz except the first joint, a band at middle of proboscis, the
halteres and bases of femora yellow ; scales and hairs of palpi black,
appressed scales of occiput golden yellow, the upright ones black, scales
of mesonotum golden yellow, those of the abdomen black and with a broad
crossband of whitish ones on the hind margin of each segment, the last
two segments nearly wholly whitish scaled ; scales of venter white, those
of femora and tibiz mixed black and whitish, the latter forming a ring near
three-fourths the length of each femur, scales of tarsi black, those at narrow
bases of the joints whitish, tarsal claws simple ; wings hyaline, the scales
mixed black and white, the black ones not collected into spots, lateral
scales of the anterior veins narrowly lanceolate, those of the other veins
almost linear ; length, 3 mm _ Four specimens collected at Key West,
Florida, in August, tg01, by Mr. August Busck, and six by Mr. E. A.
Schwarz, April 1 to 3, 1903.
Type.— No. 6893, U. S. National Museum.
Culex discolor, new species.—Female. Differs fiom the above
description of zanws as follows: palpi with a cluster of white scales at the
apices, upright scales of occiput yellow, whitish crossbands of abdomen
prolonged forward in the middle, crossing or almost crossing the segments,
scales on posterior side of front and middle tibize and on anterior side of
the hind ones almost wholly pale yellow, first tarsal joint bearing many
yellow scales, black and yellow scales of wings not evenly distributed, the
THE GANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. PAs) / |
black ones forming a distinct spot at forking of the second vein with the
third, another on upper branch of fifth vein at the hind crossvein, and a
third on the apical third of the last vein, remaining scales of this vein
wholly yellow ; length 4 mm. A specimen from Delair, New’ Jersey,
received from Prof. J. B. Smith.
Type.—No. 6894. U. S. National Museum.
CORRECTIONS AND’ NOTES ON DR. DYAR’S ‘LIST OF
NOCTUIDS.—II.
BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, HILDESHEIM, GERMANY.
Page 99. Apatela. As might have been expected from the incon-
spicuous markings and uniform gray colour of the moths, the identifications
of species of Acronycta, described by Walker and Guenée, have proved
difficult and often contradictory. JI am now inclined to waive all objec-
tions and accept Dr. Dyar’s list as it stands. The only pvint I make is,
the difficulty I have in believing that, having identified xy/niformis,
Guen., already and originally for Riley, I should have redescribed
specimens at a later period as pa//idicoma; it seems to me yet possible that
two forms are here ‘mixed up,” although I know xyp/.mzformis to be
inconstant.
106. Fragilis having been transferred to Afpatela, diphteroides
becomes type of Iicrocoelia. Guenée writes Diphtera, following
Ochsenheimer. Hiibner originally wrote Dzphthera, which is
the correct Greek form.
107. The generic term should read ‘“‘ Cyathissa,” not ‘* Cyathisa.”
112. This genus should be called Aonodes, Guen., type nucicolora
(r. nucicolor) ; the type of Olzgza being strigi/is.
113. Crasia, Auriv., 1891, Staud. and Rebel, 295, is a synonym of
Hillia, Grote, 1883. According to the European catalogue 77¢s,
Zett., is an older name for the variable species.
121. The genus is ‘*‘ Momaphana,” not ‘* Momophana.”
120. No. 1267. The name 7//epida should be preferred, since the
type of diversilineata had patched wings and the species is
irrecognizable from this description, and the identification of the
type uncertain.
124. As I have shown in these pages, the citation to Psewdanarta of
Hy. Edwards is spurious. There is no such name in Proc. Cal.
Mead. sek, rac. Coast, Lep., Nossa to-22.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
132. Blanda, cited, I believe, wrongly under AZeta/epsis, is repeated
in the right place on page 178 under Psewdoglaea. It should be
struck out here.
138. Prof. Smith is responsible for the confusion in the name of this
common species. Subgothica of Stephens is = jaculifera, Guen.
The original szdgothica of Haworth is claimed as British by
Tutt. In the meantime Slingerland says swbgothica of Haworth 1s
tricosa, Lintner. My original determination should not have been
altered. But whether jacu/ifera, Guen., tricosa, Lintner, and
herilis, Grote, which I still claim as the correct scientific names for
the three forms (leaving out Haworth’s variously interpreted name
entirely, for the sake of clearness and precision) are distinct
species and not forms of one, seems not definitely known,
140. The new name faragrotis is unnecessary. Carneades being
preoccupied, the genus should be called /leonectopoda, with the
type Zezw/sz, which has in any way priority. In the meantime I
cannot but believe the genus must be represented in Europe, and
that some Hibnerian name will eventually be found for it. Others
of our American names at expense of Agvotis, Lederer, may be
found in the same case.
149. It should be aratrix, not “atratrix.”
150. From photographs and descriptions, I cannot believe that Prof.
Smith’s profundus and obscurus are distinct species from our
eastern Anytus sculptus.
154. At length the dispute as to comiés is decided in my favour, and
the type is therefore not “like typical od¢vacea, but so spread that
the insect appears more plump, shorter winged and differently
marked”! It now appears that after having disposed of my species
in this manner, Prof. Smith has redescribed the form or species five
times, thus affording ample proof of the incorrectness of the
original statement. ‘Time, as Mr. Strecker used to say, at length
sets all things even.
157. Instead of Veuronia (preocc.) it would appear that Apineuronia,
Rebel, should be used for No. 1883.
167. The term Acerra with the type zormadis should be used here
as being more correct and ‘also earlier published than Sfretchia,
described as a notodont, and which I regard as a synonym of
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 259
Perigrapha, Led. Iam not agreed with the reference of muricina
to plusiiformis, but I have no material of the former to compare.
173. For Asteroscopus, Boisd. Lrachionycha, Hitibn., should be
used ; see Staud. & Rebel, p. 181, |. ¢.
177. Xanthia. The type is paleacea. According to Staud. &
Rebel, 207, the species cited as ‘“ f/avago,” No. 2199, should be
called /utea, Strom.; it belongs to Cvtrza, Hiibn. From the photo-
graph pulchel/a belongs to Orthosia ; this specific name is too often
used. Puta is same as Orthosia euroa.
181. Morrison sent me afata as “‘G/lea, n.s.,” Bull. B.S. N.S., 201,
1875. It was not type of serzcea which I noted, Bull, Brklyn Ent.
Soc., 37, 1880, but a spec. of venustu/a so named. But Morrison’s
original description cannot well apply toa G/ea at all, as elsewhere
shown by me. At any rate venustu/a is being called sericea.
No. 2183. The authority should read Grote, not Grote & Robinson.
2197. 1 regard angulata (exprimens) as a distinct species.
Page 178. It is my fault that Zy/gonophora is here used. The genus
should be Hadbryntis, Lederer, 1857. I have a specimen of the
green /. scita, which shows an orange-brown tinting, and recalls
thus more nearly the American species.
179. For ‘‘ Cosmia, Ochs,” read Xanthia, Hiibn.
No. 2222. I prefer ferruginoides for the species and Jdccolorago for
the variety, since this arrangement brings the forms into corre-
spondence with the original descriptions. It ought to make no
difference which stands first on Guenée’s page. The important
point is, that the name is sustained by the original description,
which should always be looked up, and is the only basis and
warrant for the application of the name.
2354. Arcifera is a dimorphic ? form of Sprague; a similar varia-
tion is shown by évevis and atrites. I figure both sexes of
Sprague with yellow hind wings. I wonder how many times
more I must repeat this. I have never seen a male arcifera with
black secondaries.
2358. I think mortua might stand as an immaculate form of
Packardit; nobilis merely has the lines more distinct than the
latter, better written.
260 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
2617. For “ pentia” read pentta.
2650. For “ /ixivia” read lixiva.
2696. I draw attention to my papers in Can. Ent, Vols. IX. and
XI. I believe the three forms here cited to be distinct. I refer
tortricina to Spragueia. Fruva fasciatella and obsoleta appear to
differ in the structure of the front as well as in ornamentation.
The Californian acerba is near fasciatella. I do not know who is
responsible for the present jumble. If these forms are not kept
separate they will inevitably be described over again.
A NEW C@CANTHUS FROM ILEINGKS:
BY E. S. G. TITUS, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Geanthus Forbest, n. sp.— g. General colour pale yellow. Length
to tip of wings 17 mm.; greatest width across closed wing-covers, 3.5 mm.
Very slender, elongate in general shape, somewhat resembling Zadea
bipunctata (DeG.), but the outline of the closed wing-covers is more
elongate.
Face rather more elongate than in other species in the C&canthine ;
maxillary palpi 5-jointed, frst and second short, broadened at tips; third
slender, elongate, as long as fourth and fifth united ; fourth slightly clavate,
distinctly constricted at the middle ; #/fA/ shorter than fourth, elliptical,
elongate, and very dark ; all the joints pubescent ; Zabial palpi with first
joint short ; second V4 longer ; third slightly longer than second, obliquely
truncate at tip and very slender at base. Eyes reddish-brown. Antenne
filiform, almost as long as the body; all the joints except basal two
alternately equal in length up to 2oth joint (except also the fifth, it being
slightly elongate), 12-15th joints not elongated. First basal joint with a
broad longitudinal black stripe on the inner side beneath, and a slight
trace of a brownish horizontal line near the apex on the outside ; second
joint with two longitudinal parallel black lines beneath. This joint and
those following have each at their apex, beneath, a brown line,
Thorax elongate, narrower anteriorly ; sides deflexed, with their lower
margins slightly reflexed. Wing-covers flattened, very narrow; wings ™%
longer than covers. Hind legs long and slender, their tibie armed with
six pairs of medium spines, all tipped with black. All the tarsi and claws
black. Abdomen quite dark beneath.
Male cerci reaching almost to tip of the wings.
Habitat.— Urbana, IIl., September ; C. H. Hart.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 261
This differs from typical Gcanthus by not having maxillary palpi
with last three joints elongate, subequal, and last joint excavated at tip
beneath; from Zadea by not having fifth joint of maxillary palpi longer than
third and fourth very short. It can easily be separated by the antennal
characters noticed above from other species in the subfamily (@.
argentinus and &. californicus not seen.)
In all other species examined there were several joints between the
second and twentieth of the antenne that were much elongated.
This species was first noticed by the author when classifying the
species of @canthine in the Ill. State Laboratory of Nat. History, for the
purpose of making some food studies in the group. It is described at the
request of the Director of the Laboratory, Dr. 5. H. Forbes, in whose
honour I have named the species.
NOTES ON CULEX KELLOGGII, THEOBALD.
BY D. W COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D. C.
In the CanabiaN Enromovocist for August, Mr. Theobald described
a Culex Kelloggit as new; the description agrees well with the specimens
on which I founded Culex tarsa/is*, and undoubtedly refers to the same
species.
My specimens were from the same lot as the one which Dr. Williston
described as Culex, n. sp.f, to which description Lieut. Giles applied the
name of Culex Willistoni, n. sp.t; the latter name is therefore also a
synonym of farsa/ts.
On page 25 of the Kansas University Science Bulletin, June, 1903,
Mr. C. F. Adams described a Culex affinis, n. sp. (not of Stephens, 1825),
which is evidently founded on a somewhat abraded specimen of farsadis.
The synonymy at present is therefore as follows :
CULEX TARSALIS, Coquillett, 1896.
Culex, n. sp., Williston, 1893.
Culex Williston, Giles, 1900.
Culex affinis, Adams, June, 1903.
Culex Kelloggii, Theobald, August, 1903.
*Can. Ent., Feb., 1896, p. 43.
+North American Fauna, No. 7, May 31, 1893, p. 253.
+Handbook of Gnats or Mosquitoes, 1900, p. 281.
262 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
EUTHRIPS AND HEDYCHRIDIUM IN NEW MEXICO.
BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, EAST LAS VEGAS, N. MEX.
THRIPIDA.
Euthrips tritict (Fitch.).—At Las Vegas, Hot Springs, N. M., on
May 17, 1903, I found Ades cereum, Dougl., presenting numerous flower-
galls of rather pumpkin-like form and greenish-white colour, about 9 mm.
long and 8 broad. These consisted of the swollen and deformed flowers,
the walls of the calyx being thickened and greatly inflated. I rather
expected to find in them dipterous larve, but they contained nothing but
thrips, which, I am sure, is responsible for the damage. After careful
comparison with the published accounts, and especially that of Mr. W. E.
Hinds, I am quite unabie to separate the thrips from the well-known
Euthrips tritict.
CHRYSIDID&.
Hedychridium amabile, sp. n.—Length about 3 millim., shining-green
and crimson. Head yellowish green, the vertex crimson, shading into
yellow ; antenne black ; thorax green, the pro- and mesothorax mostly
crimson dorsally, the crimson shading into golden at the sides ; scutellum
suffused with the same colours ; sides of post-scutellum, and hind corners
and narrow hind border of prothorax, more or less brilliant blue ; abdomen
yellowish-green shot with crimson, Ocelii in a not far from equilateral
triangle; prothorax and mesothorax, seen from above, about equal in
length ; prothorax with large, close subconfluent punctures ; mesothorax
with well-separated punctures of various sizes ; triangular area at base of
metathorax with no median ridge, the area is minutely transversely ridged,
except at the lateral corners, where the ridges run obliquely ; sides of
metathorax irregularly cancellate ; abdomen very closely punctured, third
segment without any fovea or peculiarity of sculpture ; legs dark, basal
half of tarsi light reddish. When the abdomen is viewed laterally, the
apex of the second segment is level with the base of the third.
Hab.—Mesilla Park, N. M., on campus of Agricultural College, May
8, 1900. (Cockerel/). A lovely little species, known from others by its
metathoracic sculpture.
| will take this opportunity to record Crysis inflata, Aaron (det.
du Buysson), from the Wiegand Ranch, near Las Vegas, N. M., March tr.
With this the recorded New Mexico Chrysidide now number 19 species.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 263
TWO NEW PTINID.
BY C. SCHAEFFER, MUSEUM OF THE BROOKLYN INST. OF ARTS AND
SCIENCES.
A number of new species, either entirely new or known only from
Mexico or Central America, have been brought back by me from the
lower Rio Grande. The description of these new species, together with a
list of the species known to occur in that region, will be published by me
in the Bulletin of the Museum of the Brooklyn Inst. of Arts and Sciences.
The two following species are here described in advance, in order that
they may be included in the revision of the Ptinidz on which Prof. Fall
is at work.
The types are in the collection of the Museum of the Brooklyn
Institute of Arts in Sciences.
Trichodesma Texana, n. sp.—Cylindrical oblong, form of sordida,
black, twice as long as wide, with white and fulvous recumbent pubescence,
intermixed with longer erect hairs. Antenne brown, last three joints
longer than the preceding. Head black, densely granulated, pubescence
white, intermixed with fulvous. Thorax broader than long, sides arcuate
in front, sinuately narrowing to the hind angles, disc gibbous, hardly
sulcate at the gibbosity, surface granulate and densely clothed with white
and fulvous short recumbent hairs, intermixed with longer erect hairs,
gibbosity with four black spots, two at the summit and two below these,
no brush-like tufts. Elytra as broad as the thorax at middle, regularly
striate, with coarse, deep, closely-placed punctures, very densely clothed
with white recumbent pubescence, reaching nearly to the apex, terminated
by a few black spots; apex sparsely clothed with fulvous pubescence.
Body beneath black, shining, with dense gray pubescence.
Length, 4-5 mm.
Esperanza Ranch, near Brownsville, Tex.
This species seems to be very near Z: a/bina, Gorh.*, but, judging
from the description and figure, is distinct from it. All the specimens I
have taken are quite constant, except in the distinctness of the hind angles.
These are in some specimens distinct, and the sinuation before them is
very pronounced, in others the angles can be called rounded, in these the
sinuation is much less pronounced.
*Biol. Central. Americana, Vol. III., part 2, p. 199.
264 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Trichodesma pulchella, n. sp.—Oblong, slightly more robust than
gibbosa, black, with very short brown recumbent pubescence, intermixed
with longer erect hairs, sides of thorax, base of elytra, a narrow strongly
dentate median band and apex witha denser white pubescence. Antennz
brownish, last three joints as long as the preceding. Head black,
with not densely-placed granules, clothed with white pubescence, denser
at apex. Thorax broader than long, sides arcuate in front, slightly to the
hind angles, which are almost rounded. disc gibbous behind, slightly
sulcate from the apical margin to the summit of gibbosity, surface
distinctly granulate, clothed with dense, very short hairs, white at sides
and apex, light brown at middle, without brush-like tufts at gibbosity.
Elytra as wide as the thorax at middle, surface with irregular, closely-
placed, coarse, deep punctures, clothed with very fine, short recumbent
brownish hairs, a band at base, a narrow, sharply dentate median fascia
and apex of dense white pubescence. Between the median fascia and the
white apical space near the suture is a white longitudinal streak on each
elytron, reaching to the apical space and terminated by a black spot. At
the apex of the white basal band is also a black spot on each side. Body
beneath black, shining, densely pubescent, with short, fine gray hairs.
Length, 5.5-7 mm.
Esperanza Ranch, near Brownsville, Tex.
A number of this beautiful species I obtained by beating ebony, but
it occurred on different other trees also, but rarely. A few specimens of
a species which I take to be Z: sordida, Horn, were taken at the same
place.
CULEX CONSOBRINUS: A REJOINDER.
BY J. M. ALDRICH, MOSCOW, IDAHO.
In the August number of this journal, Mr. Coquillett has given his
reasons for not accepting Cu/ex inornatus as the proper name for the
species which he has called C. consobrinus. He bases his claim for the
name cozsobrinus on a supposed error of Desvoidy’s in the indentifica-
tion of pzpzens, relying on the length mentioned, 3 lines, as proof that
Desvoidy’s species could not have been the real pépzens. My own article
on the subject, in the July number, had intimated that Desvoidy had
erred in the measurement given. Since then I find that Theobald (Mon.
Culicide. II.; 135) gives 6 mm. as the maximum length of pipiens ; this,
of course, is equivalent to Desvoidy’s 3 lines.
ee
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 265
The locality given by Desvoidy, ‘‘ Pennsylvania,” is not of great
significance, as it was not uncommon for the older entomologists to assign
this locality to material received from Philadelphia, even if not collected
near there. It is Osten Sacken, I think, who in one place instances a
species published with the locality Philadelnhia, which has not since been
taken except in Texas.
Considering the facts brought outin this discussion, it is clear that
nobody knows, or can know, what consobrinus is. Whether a sufficient
probability has been adduced to justify the use of the name, is a question
upon which entomologists may differ ; as before, I think the name should
not be used. A much larger problem is involved here than the name ofa
single species. ‘The use of old names which are of more or less Coubtful
application has been overdone in the Diptera in recent years, in my
opinion. The idea that we must “ do something” with all the old names
seems to me unscientific. Rather we should try to follow the rule of not
using a name unless we know that it stands for something. The difficulty
of harmonizing the practice of entomologists arises from the fact that there
is no definite criterion in most cases, and the decision rests on the “ ento-
mological sense” of the person making it ; what is convincing to one will
not be to another.
I have not the slightest interest in saving the name ‘nornatus from
synonymy, except from the fact that it is the only name which is
positively known to apply to the species under consideration. I doubt
if the species could be recognized from the description ; but in this
case we have the type in the U.S. National Museum, examined by Mr.
Coquillett and found to be this species.
I have in my previous article explained why ¢mfatiens and pinguis
cannot be used for this species. Mr. Coquillett seems to argue that
either name is available unless somebody can disprove it; my position is
that affirmative proof is necessary.
Miss Auice L. EmMsBLeron, of Newnham College, Cambridge, Eng-
Jand, has been awarded the Royal Society’s Mackinnon Studentship in
Biology, the object of which is to encourage scientific research in any
department in this great field of natural science. She has decided
to confine her investigations to the parasites of destructive insects,
in the hope that she may be rewarded with discoveries of great
economic importance by finding natural enemies of greater efficiency
than any artificial insecticides. It is much to be hoped that she
may prove a worthy successor of the late Miss Eleanor Ormerod.
266 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
BOOK NOTICE.
A CATALOGUE OF THE COCCIDZ OF THE WorRLD.—By Mrs. Maria E.
Fernald, A.M., Amherst, Mass. Special Bulletin (No. 88) of the
Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College,
1903. One Vol., 8vo., pp. 360.
The authoress gives us in this volume a most valuable and complete
catalogue of the Coccidz of the World, the results of nearly twenty-five
years of patient and careful labour. No one who has not attempted work
of this kind can form any idea of the difficulties of the task, the immense
number of publications to be gone over, the care and accuracy that are
required and the systematic methods that must be adopted, and conse-
quently few estimate as highly as they should the gratitude that is due
to one who spends years of toil in making the way easy for all future
students in the particular department of natural science that is
taken up, The classification of the Coccide has long been in a
somewhat chaotic condition; the present work will help very
materially in reducing the confusion and bringing out order and
system instead. Mrs. Fernald does not expect entire agree-
ment with her conclusions, but we venture to think that few will
endeavour to criticise her work, inasmuch as it has been done with such
care and freedom from prejudice. In every case where changes in no-
menclature are made the history of the genus or species is given by means
of the full bibliographical references, and the evidence seems complete.
No less than 1514 species are listed, and of each one bibliographical
references are given, with the geographical distribution and food-plants
when known. ‘The volume is well and clearly printed, and its value is
much enhanced by the very fullindex to species as well as genera with
which it closes.
A CoLEoPpTEROUS CoNUNDRUM.—There has been so great a desire to
obtain specimens of the remarkable beetle described by Mrs. Slosson in the
May number of this magazine, that she 13 compelled to say that she has
only a few examples left and is unable to give away any more.
Dr, Dyar, in his zeal for the laws of priority, contends that the
name jocularly given to the insect by Mrs. Slosson (Zenotus enigmaticus)
should be taken as founding a new genus and a new species. This
seems absurd, when there was no attempt made to give a scientific
description of the creature, and the authoress says expressly that she
merely applied the name ‘‘sometimes. in chat over her discovery !’
Mailed September 4th, 1903.
The Fanadiay ¥ntomalogist.
VoL. XXXV. LONDON, OCTOBER, 1903. No. 10
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO.
The fortieth annual meeting of the Society was held at Ottawa on
the 3rd and 4th of September. On the former day a meeting of the
Council for the transaction of business was held in the morning; in the
afternoon reports were read from the various Branches, Sections and
Officers of the Society, as well as several papers of an interesting character.
In the evening a public meeting was held in the Assembly Hall of the
Normal School, at which the President, Professor Lochhead, read his
annual address. He was followed by Dr. L. O. Howard, of Washington,
United States Entomologist, who gave a very clear and most interesting
account of the transmission of yellow fever by mosquitoes. The second
day was occupied with the reading and discussion of papers, the election
of officers and the examination of a number of specimens brought by the
members. A full account of the proceedings will be given in the Annual
Report of the Society to the Legislature of Ontario.
The following were elected officers for the ensuing year :
Prestdent—Professor William Lochhead, B. A., M. S., Ontario
Agricultural College, Guelph.
Vice-Prestdent—I]. D. Evans, C. E., Trenton.
Secretary—W. E. Saunders, London.
Treasurer—J. A. Balkwill, London.
Directors: Division No. 1—C. H. Young, Hurdman’s Bridge.
Division No. 2—C. E. Grant, Orillia.
Division No. 3—J. B. Williams, Toronto.
Division No. 4—G. E. Fisher, Freeman.
Division No. 5—R. W. Rennie, London.
Directors Ex-officio (ex-Presidents of the Society) Professor William
Saunders, LL.D., F.L.S., F.R.S.C., Director of the Experimental Farms,
Ottawa; Rev. C. J. S. Bethune, M.A., D.C.L., F.R.S.C., London ; James
Fletcher, LL.D., F.L.S.; F.R.S.C., Entomologist and Botanist of the
268 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Experimental Farms, Ottawa; W. H. Harrington, F.R.S.C., Ottawa ;
John Dearness, B.A., Vice-Principal Normal School, London ; Henry H.
Lyman, M.A., F.R.G.S., F.E.S., Montreal: Rev. T. W. Fyles; 1920-1;
F.L.S., South Quebec.
Librarian and Curator—J. Alston Moffat, London.
Auditors—W. H. Hamilton and S. B. McCready, London.
Editor of the Canadian Entomologist—Rev. Dr. Bethune, London.
Editing Committee — Dr. J. Fletcher, Ottawa; H. H. Lyman,
Montreal; J. D. Evans, Trenton; W. H. Harrington, Ottawa ; Professor
Lochhead, Guelph.
Delegate to the Royal Society—Rev. Dr. Bethune, London.
Delegates to the Western Fair—-J. A. Balkwill and W. E. Saunders,
London.
Finance Committee— Dr. Bethune, J. Dearness and the Treasurer.
Committee on Field Days—The Chairmen of the Sections and Dr.
Woolverton, Messrs. Balkwill, Bowman, Law, Moffat, Rennie and
Saunders, London.
Library and Rooms Committee—Messrs. Balkwill, Bethune, Bow-
man, Dearness, Moffat and Saunders, London.
A NEW BOMBUS FROM COSTA RICA.
BY J. C. CRAWFORD, JR., WEST POINT, NEBR., AND MYRON H. SWENK,
LINCOLN, NEBR.
Bombus leucomelas, n. sp.— 2. Black, with deep black pubescence,
except that on anterior half of mesothorax, which is grayish, tipped with
black, and on abdominal segments 3-6, which is pure white ; clypeus
arched, weakly and very sparsely punctured ; labrum basally with two
widely separated tubercles ; joint 1 of flagellum equal to 2 and 3 together;
wings deeply infuscated, iridescent ; basal joint of hind tarsi not pointed
at apex ; pubescence of legs black. Length 21-22 mm.
2. Similar to ?, but much smaller, the third abdominal segment with
black pubescence, the clypeus more strongly punctured. Length, 1ro-14
mm. &. Unknown.
One ?, Cartago, June, 1903; one 9, Volcano Irazu, February 22,
1902 ; four 9%, Monte Redonda, March 3, 1902.
Near to B. funebris, Sm., from which it differs in its larger size, the
pubescence of the mesothorax not snow-white on the disc, and the third
abdominal segment not black,
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 269
NOTES ON THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF ISODONTIA,
PATTON, WITH. DESCRIPTIONS OF A NEW
SPECIES AND VARIETY.
BY H. T. FERNALD, PH. D., AMHERST, MASS.
The North American species of Isodontia may be distinguished by
means of the following table :
1. Mandible with two teeth (anterior tooth sometimes partly divided) .. 2.
Rpectrrinighe: witli, three. Tee ting. 7s). cctnn c tp eae ew Se ets shee ape Se a Fe
PRE Ne eo AN cots ede eV BA eco gig dg sea at sae teeta teas
Petiole alee Ap LE Wate ts Cate Seer Sls co ccm om ee ONOTTULM OU. S10:
3. Third segment of antenna fener then Sev ork or eohin. eRe ie
Third segment of antenna shorter than seventh or eighth ..........5.
4. Median segment above with long white
hairs. Soh ty .macrocephala, var. cinerea, N. vat.
Median seement hove without ae white hairs .. .macrocephala, Fox.
ENNIS TAY ei etches co. ace IRS aN ed Pe Ae Go he, ee NOS
POE LACK oS es. a ee ef cmos Ss 6. stan s $ASTPLO DAUSSes, Vane
OmpenoumE part Or WINtS fUuSCOUS..< peti oaks wee «'s oly eee ss QSTELO) SAUSS,
Wings entirely fuscous....... SSti Segteles s suNr ee OSLELA SAUSS:) Wal.
ms OO aa aes aA eaten Sar ge cao et ere aoe teeta, Geta a RO
Legs black. Rice Pa it eRe May ane en ae Sree ts eee
8. Abdomen black. Pes FUE aOR Soe ed = Mie Renae SAID UBLE SE ILE TS
Abdomen more or PARee vallowieh.t Riou ee are nema Sane SOLER TESS SIONS
I am hardly prepared at present to accept Lsodontia elegans, Smith,
as a variety of Z. afica/is, Smith. The differences between the two seem
to be very constant, and their distribution appears to be somewhat differ-
ent, elegans being more a southern and western form, while af7ca/is occurs
chiefly in the central, eastern and northern States.
Patton (Proc. Ent. Soc., Wash., ILI., p. 46) regards macrocepha/a,
Fox, as a synonym of azteca, Sauss. With this I am unable to agree, all
the specimens of a large series of both of these species before me being
distinguishable almost at a glance, The type specimen of macrocephala
has the anterior tooth of the mandible with a groove dividing it into two
portions, which leads me to believe that in this insect the mandible was
originally three-toothed, but that the anterior two have partially fused.
All my specimens of azfeca, on the other hand, indicate an originally two-
toothed mandible, and though the anterior tooth is blunt in many cases, it
270 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
shows no trace of any longitudinal groove, such as is present in the type
of macrocephala. However, the length of the third segment of the
antenna as compared with that of the seventh or eighth in the two species
should be sufficient to show that the two are not identical in any case.
Tsodontia apicalis, Smith, has sometimes been considered as a
synonym of Sphex philadelphica, Lep., but I regard this as based on
insufficient evidence. Lepeletier’s description gives no characters which
would place it in the more recent genus /sodontia, and in two points
differs from what has been commonly considered that species. Lepeletier
says (Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Hymenopteres, III., p. 340):
‘Thorax niger, nigro villosus,” and ‘‘tarsorum quatuor anticorum articulo
extremeo ferrugineo.” None of the many specimens of what has been
considered this insect which I have examined agree in these points with
this description. An attempt to locate the type in order to settle the
matter has proved a failure. ‘The insect was in the Serville collection, and
this is not at the Museum d’Histoire Naturelle at Paris, and Monsieur R.
du Buysson writes me: “Ils ont di étre vendus et séparés dans beaucoup
d’autres collections. Actuellement l’on ignore ot ils se trouvent.” Imay
add that Dr. F. Fr. Kohl, of Vienna, who has given much study to this
group, writes me: “ Wahrscheinlich ist Sph. philadelphicus Lepeletiers
gar keine Isodontia.”
Under these conditions it seems best to apply Smith’s name—
apicadis—to this insect, at least until Lepeletier’s type shall be found.
[sodontia exornata, n Sp.
Head: clypeus somewhat arched laterally, with a faint median carina
most pronounced posteriorly, sometimes not perceptible ; anterior edge
slightly prolonged laterally, with a slight notch at the middle; surface
covered sparsely with yellow hairs. Clypeus and frons to level of inser-
tion of antennz golden pubescent. Mandibles two-toothed, black at base
and tip; elsewhere ferruginous. Eyes somewhat nearer at the clypeus
than at the vertex. Antenne, first six to eight segments ferruginous,
terminal segments black ; scape bearing a few yellowish hairs; third
segment longest. Head with scattered punctures and sparsely covered
with long yellowish hairs. A narrow, yellow pubescent band just behind
the eye.
Thorax: collar faintly punctured, clothed with scattered yellow
hairs ; its dorsal edge and the posterior edge of the prothoracic lobe
golden pubescent. Mesonotum black with yellow hairs, rather coarsely
/ THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 271
punctured and with a short median, unpunctured groove extending about
one-third its length from its anterior edge. A small, somewhat triangular
spot of golden pubescence is situated on the pleuron just posterior to the
prothoracic lobe, and sometimes a smaller one occurs between this and
the wing attachment. Tegulz smooth, pale yellow. Mesopleura and
sternum covered sparingly with long yellow hairs. Scutellum black,
punctured, the punctures rather more scattered than on the mesonotum ;
on each side just mesad to the attachment of the hind wings is a golden
pubescent spot. Postscutellum covered by golden pubescence. Median
segment coarsely punctured, on each side a golden pubescent band passes
from the front edge just lateral to the edge of the pubescence on the post-
scutellum backward below the stigma to the posterior coxa. Just above
the base of the petiole is a golden pubescent spot.
Abdomen: petiole slightly curved, ferruginous yellow, somewhat
darker at the base beneath, covered with yellowish hairs; its posterior
portion yellowish pubescent. Base of abdomen above, yellowish, remain-
der black, the hinder edges of the segments, however, dull yellowish ;
surface finely pale pubescent. A few hairs scattered over the more
posterior segments. Beneath, minutely punctured, with scattered hairs in
the female, in the male with a cross row of black hairs on each of the last
three or four segments. Legs: cox, trochanters and proximal part of
femora black, hairy, remainder ferruginous. Sometimes a yellowish
pubescence is present on the coxe and trochanters. ‘Tips of claws nearly
black. Spines dark ferruginous. Posterior tibie yellow pubescent
behind. Wings smoky, with a slight violet reflection.
Length, 16-20 mm. Wing expanse. about 30 mm.
Described from five male and two female specimens from Indian
River and Biscayne Bay, Fla., and from N. C.and Ga. Types have been
deposited in the collections of the National Museum at Washington,
American Entomological Society at Philadelphia, Massachusetts Agricul-
tural College, Amherst, Mass., and of Mr. W. H. Ashmead, Washington,
Dre.
Lsodontia macrocephala, var. cinerea, 0. vat.
This variety differs from the typical form only in the fact that the
thoracic hairs are longer and whiter, giving the insect a noticeably gray
appearance very different from that of the typical form, which is glossy
black, the few gray hairs not modifying this, and, in fact, being generally
overlooked unless the body is closely examined.
a is THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
EUCORETHRA, A GENUS OF CULICIDA
BY D. W. COQUILLETT, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Eucorethra, Underwood.*
Intermediate between Corethrel/a and Sayomyia, having the antenne
14-jointed, as in the former, but the spaces between the verticels almost
bare, as in the latter; differing from each in the much shorter second joint
of the antennx, which is only slightly longer than wide. Antennz of male
rather robust, submoniliform on the basal half, the first six joints only
slightly longer than wide, the remaining joints increasing in length and
decreasing in diameter toward the apex, the antepenult about half as
long as the penult, verticels composed of numerous very long bristly hairs
except on the last joint ; antennze of female nearly cylindrical, the joints
gradually increasing in length to the apex, scarcely thickened at the inser-
tion of the verticels, which consist of a few rather short bristly hairs ;
proboscis about one and one-half times as long as height of head, palpi
inserted near three-fourths of its length, 4-jointed ; first tarsal joint much
longer than the second; venation as in Cwlex. Type, the following
species :
Eucorethra Underwoodi, Underwood.
Black, the bases of antennz, of wings, stems of halteres, coxz,
femora except their broad apices, and tbe tibie, yellow; thorax gray
pruinose and marked with three velvet black vitte, the median one
extending from the front end to slightly beyond the middle, and divided
lengthwise by a gray line, the lateral ones reaching from the hind end of
the mesonotum nearly to the suture ; abdomen somewhat polished, its
hairs yellow ; hairs of legs chiefly black, those at apices of femora and
tibize golden yellow, tarsal claws of female with a single tooth near the
base, those of the male with an additional tooth near the middle ; wings
hyaline, a large brown cloud on veins at apices of first and second basal
cells, at base of second vein, of first submarginal and second posterior
cell, hairs of veins black, small and hind crossveins interstitial, petiole of
first submarginal cell three-fourths as long as that cell, petiole of second
posterior cell noticeably longer than the cell; length, 8mm. A specimen
of each sex bred at Kaslo, British Columbia, June 23 and July 8, by Dr.
H. G. Dyar. Type, No. 6925, U.S. National Museum.
I have also studied a female specimen bred March 1, by Prof. W. L.
Underwood, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, after whom the
species is named, in recognition of his first discovery of this interesting
form. Prof. Underwood’s specimens were obtained in the woods of
*Science, August 7th, 1903, page 182.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, 273
THE LIFE-HISTORY OF MAMESTRA LAUDABILIS, GUENEE.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON, D. C.
The eggs of this species were received from the Rev. R. W. Ander-
son, of Wando, North Carolina. They hatched May 22, and the larve
were matured by the middle of July. The lJarve are coloured to resemble
a piece of wood or bark, and remain all day motionless, hidden on the
ground. They are remarkably sluggish, can be handied freely for a con-
siderable time without making the slightest motion. They are general
feeders.
£gg.—Shape of two-thirds of a sphere, somewhat flattened. About
24 sharp, vertical ribs, diminishing in number by alternation towards
vertex, waved, joined in a ring around the micropyle ; cross striz distinct,
about like the ribs, forming a large, coarse reticulum. Whitish, with a
broad, irregular dark-red ring and vertical spot, partly confluent.
Diameter .6 mm.
Stage /.—Head slightly bilobed, shining brownish black, mouth
broadly pale luteous, jaws red-brown; width about .3 mm. Body robust,
short and stout, normal, joints 5 to 7 slightly arched, feet of 7 and 8
shorter than the others, but distinct. Pale whitish, tubercles small, black,
but strongly raised. Sete long, pale and distinct. Cervical shield black,
angularly shaped, containing four raised pale tubercles. Later the
cervical shield and tubercles are black except a lateral pale patch; anal
plate defined by black ; leg shields faintly dusky. Still later there appear
narrow dorsal and subdorsal white lines.
Stage //.—Head rounded, apex in joint 2, shining brownish black,
mouth paler; width about.5 mm. Body robust, equal, normal, joint 12
not enlarged; shields not differentiated. Olivaceous gray, paler in
curved bands in the incisures ; a faint, pale, subdorsal line edged below
with blackish; stigmatal band broad, whitish. Tubercles black,
moderate ; sete stiff, long, dark, curved backwards. Later brownish-
gray, the dorsum checkered with blackish X-marks intersegmentally.
Stage [/7.—Head pale brown on face, vertex broadly sooty black
with a bar running down a little way on each lobe before ; width about .7
mm. Body robust, joint 12 not enlarged. Wood-brown, dorsal line
white, narrow, subobsolete, dorsal space tessellated with intersegmental
274 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
X-marks of grayish-black, more solidly filled on thorax. Subdorsal line
white, straight, distinct, filled in below with black to a waved, narrow,
white, lateral line. Subventer gray shaded. ‘Tubercles black, not raised ;
setae coarse, pale.
Stage [V.—Head brown, obscurely mottled, a broad, curved, black
band on face of lobe and spot on eye; width 1 mm. Body flattened,
sluggish 1n habit, setze stiff, curving alternately forwards and backwards ;
no shields ; joint 12 not enlarged. Pale wood-brown, the dorsal smoky
lattice-work obscurely cut by faint, pale, broken dorsal line. Subdorsal
line concolorous with the ground, narrowly edged with blackish above.
Sides black shaded ; stigmatal region broadly pale; subventer and venter
black shaded. ‘Tubercles small, black. Skin granular spinulose.
Stage V.—Head pale brown, the clypeus and vertex darker;
reticulations and curved band dull black; width 1.8 mm. Body flattened,
squarish, densely papillose granular; setz short, thick, broadly clavate ;
joints 12 and 13 dorsally folded, elevated. Light brown, brokenly
reticulated in black, dorsal diamond-shaped lattice dark brown ;
subdorsal line straight, pale, of the ground colour, edged with black,
forming triangular, segmentary velvety patches on a gray-black ground
laterally. Substigmatal band of ground colour, broad, sharply edged,
undulate ; subventer blackish shaded. Feet pale. Tubercles small,
black.
Stage V7.—Head slightly bilobed, rounded, apex in joint 2; wood-
brown, mottled with black and reticulate, with curved vertical bands ;
width 2.3 mm. _ Body flattened, thorax depressed, subventral region
prominent, joint 12 with distinct folds at tubercle ii. and 13 at tubercle
i., rigid, resembling a broken piece of wood. Ground colour yellowish
wood-brown, black dotted reticulate, papillose granular. Dorsal pale line
edged by small black segmental lines, being the remains of the obsolete
dorsal lattice marking. Joint 12 posteriorly shaded with black, behind
the folded hump of tubercle ii. Subdorsal line pale, narrow, narrowly
edged with black above, below with trigonate black lateral patches and
traces of a lateral line; substigmatal band broad, whitish, waved, dotted with
blackish. Subventer and venter gray -black, pulverulently shaded.
Thoracic feet black-ringed, abdominal ones gray dotted. Tubercles
small, black, iv. above the centre of the spiracle. Setze short, stout,
broadly swollen at tip, compressed, dentate, somewhat like scales, pale
brown. Spiracles black.
—
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 273
LEPIDOPTERA IN BRITISH COLUMBIA.
Successful collections of Lepidoptera were made in British Columbia
this season at Kaslo by myself, with the assistance of Mr. Caudell and
Mr. Currie, and under the advice of Mr. J. W. Cockle. Over 20,300
specimens rewarded our efforts. Of these a large part are Noctuide,
collected at sugar, showing some very fine series. Nearly 200 larvee were
observed. The material will be worked up at the U. S. National Museum.
The National collection has been further enriched by the donation of 548
specimens from Messrs. Taylor, Bryant, Hanham, Bush and Harvey, whom
I had the pleasure of meeting at the close of the collecting season.
Harrison G. Dyar, Washington, D. C.
LAE GENUS PLATYLABUS, WESMAEL, WITH DESCRIP-
TIONS OF -TWO NEW SPECIES.
BY J. CHESTER BRADLEY, PHILADELPHIA, PA.
The table which I here present of the genus FP/aty/abus must be
considered merely as a preliminary or working table of the species in the
collection of the American Entomological Society, or in my own cabinet.
The other species, known to me only by description, I have included for
the sake of convenience, and have placed a star before their names. I
cannot vouch for the correctness of these.
P. thoracicus, Cresson, including Phygadeuon impressus of
Provancher, which Cresson placed as a synonym of the former, var.
erythropygus, Prov., of thoracicus,and P. guadricarinatus, Provaucher, I
have omitted, as the metathoracic spiracles are nearly or quite circular,
placing them in the tribe /Peogenini, and probably in either the genus
Apeleticus, Wesmael, or Herpestomus, Wesmael. As I have not seen
specimens of Ape/eticus, I cannot be sure that they belong to it, but from
the descriptions it would seem probable, and it is there that I would
provisionally transfer them.
Mr. G. C. Davis, in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1894, p. 185, from
examination of Provancher’s types, finds the following synonymy :
crassicornis = Phygadeuon.
mitralis = Phygadeuon.
aciculatus = Phygadeuon.
cincticornis = Cryptus.
276 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
The genus is placed by Mr. Ashmead in the Ichneumonini, and has
the basal third of the petiole flattened, wider than thick dorso-ventrally,
and the scutellum margined to beyond the middle.
a
J on
a 7
[
-E
| =
iS 10
FIGs 13:
EXPLANATION OF FIG. 13.
t. Areola on metathorax of P. clarus.
a “ & “ Sedat eear naa Ss:
5. Labrum, mandibles, seis I-3, sera ae eee eae:
Pee TIMMY a ov Abate ces) 42) s: ofetal depletes te caste mate «6 jf ater MALUS:
Labrum, mandibles, joints 1-3 ee and legs black ;
SS, SUL Ee ie nce ian RG cS ee . concolor.
6. Ornaments cinereous ; fascia on geomet Ty aad sometimes on 2,
interrupted ; black ; closely punctured ; 11-12 mm....donatus.
Ornaments cream colour ; legs usually red. MOT Bik SHS dene ah
7. Pectus coarsely and sparsely punctured ; wunaibies, Tabi joints 1-3
and tegule sometimes tinged with red ; fascia on segment 1, and:
sometimes on 2, interrupted ; 8-11 mm.. Bhs ovid sae eae PRO LONAIS:
Pots vinely rand closely punctured) )
False pygidium small; apex of ventral segment 5 narrow ; black ;
coxeze and front trochanters black; closely pnnctured ; fascize
interrupted on segments 1-2 ; 12 mm.; sf. mov... ..micropygius.
False pygidium large. ety! Aik, v6 .. 236 1S Eee:
Pleura with an L- chanel patch ; riddle aa nea fcistas red ; fascize
on segments 3-4, and usually on 2, continuous; 10 cam neienatns
Pleura with a lunate patch; femora usually more or less black ;
labrum, mandibles; scape, tubercles and tegule usually red; the
legs rarely black; fascie usually interrupted on segments 1-3,
usually continuous 0n 4; 8-12 mm........ 2. sa ece . Cressonil.
Males.
Border of segment 1 hardly broader on the sides ; mesonotum
bilineate ; abdomen 6-fasciate....... ec ilaeees eS ces
Border of segment 1 broad laterally, forming lunate or subquadrate
patches ; ornaments cream colour.............. = iRaAelecenotepe
Disc of mesonotum not enclosed by a complete border............3:
Disc of mesonotum black, subcordate, with a complete border; black. 2.
Abdomen 5-fasciate, rarely a faint fascia on segment 6; the bands
continuous, that on 2 suddenly widened on the sides ; scutel flat,
spines nearly obsolete; 13-16 mm.................Nevadensis.
Abdomen 6-fasciate, bands interrupted on segments 1-2, gradually
widening on sides of 2, cinereous on 6; to-r5 mm.. ..remigatus
Mesonotum anteriorly with a broad band; abdomen 5-fasciate,
segment 1 with fascia continuous or interrupted, 2-5 with continu-
ous fascize wider on sides of 2-3; black ; 12-15 mm. ..concavus.
Mesonotumm bilineate's 300.5 wip Shieh etal is ls) Bice ol She el
Abdomen 5-fasciate, bands continuous or interrupted on segment 1,
continuous on 2~5, cinereous on 4-5 ; black patch on segment 1
transverse subquadrate; black, labrum, mandibles, base of
antennz, tegule, tibic, tarsi and pygidium more or less tinged
with redis 12) mami. iicw . 2 ues « dceal. 5181S) sys Se
Abdomen 6-fasciate, natls nteiranied on segments I-2, sometimes on
3, cinereous or whitish on 5-6; black patch on segment 1 usually
triangular; 16-14) Mmy ta. eee Ors
Labrum, mandibles, joints 1-3, eile sot fete Be ova 2 eS,
Labrum, mandibles, joints 1-3, tegulz and legs black.......concolor.
Ornaments cinereous; fasciz usually interrupted on segments I-2,
white on 6; black; 9-12 mm...... sh! 5 ee _donatus.
Ornaments cream colour ; tibiee and tarsi usually red.. Ro Bee
ee
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 287
7. Middle and hind femora red ; mandibles, labrum, antenne and tegule
black ; pleura with an L-shaped mark ; 10-11 mm.. ..helianthi.
Middle and hind femora more or less black ; mandibies, labrum, base
of antenne and tegule red; rarely entirely black; pleura
commonly covered with pubescence ; fascize usually interrupted ;
HUI INIAAAIAD crete ete ort eta Ore: Geiasl y's toys of sre, Cressonit.
Epeolus, Latreille.
Females.
‘Front with a large tubercle on each side; mesonotum not bilineate ;
middle of segment 1 and apex of 2 with golden fascie ; mandibles
with an internal tooth ; head and thorax coarsely, abdomen finely
punctured ; pectus with coarse, sparse punctures ; labrum, joints
—3, collar, tubercles, line above, tegule, scutel and axille red ;
spurs black ; le fuliginous ; stigma rather large ;
7-9 mm. SE pet ae : oer eee Si . bifasciatus.
Front Gaile: mesonotum Hieees Donde of doptient I, apical
margins of 2—4, and lateral patches on 5 of pale pubescence.. ..1.
1. Pleura below finely and closely punctured ; scutel low ; transverse,
opaque ; mandibles simple or with an indistinct internal tooth ;
ABE TCCONENUOUS GLMEATlY SO %. 0s Fes als sis oo Se ee he om aes
Pleura below coarsely and sparsely mane tired - scutel bilobed, shining;
fasciz interrupted, that on sides of 2 projecting forward; abdomen
finely punctured; tubercles, axillary spines and spurs more or less
FREE ey cp cn arrears ata JE NG Le 0
2. Thorax coarsely, rather sparsely, punctured; mandibles simple ; fasciz
cinereous, pointed on the disc; silvery lunule subiriangular ;
jomts’ 13 more or less red ; 9mm... .. 2.2)... ..-lectoides:.
Thorax rather finely and closely punctured; mandibles with an
internal tooth ; fasciz club-shaped on the disc; silvery lunule
transverse; joints 1-3 red; scutel usually more or less red;
Pee neve 2 IS «a aetici Sic, wnt eats nao ce kas. CET TEENS.
3. Scutel quite surpassing lateral spines ; spurs red ; lateral patches of
segment 5 separate ; femora more or less black ;
Gere MMe ont ee eT eS a ‘ 2220... salturmnalis:
Scutel hardly surpassing tateral spines ; spurs Bleek lateral patches of
segment 5 connected across the disc; femora cad
f= Oe AG ice AR PH Moen ot he eae 6 ows ah yy hove tleie DUSTILUG:
288 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
Males.
Front with a large tubercle on each side ; mesonotum bare ;
mai) MAM ss ie warcieiaeie Ne» ante. Sane ......Dbifasciatus.
Front simple; mesonotum bilineate; segments 1-6 with apical
Co ey
1. Pleura below finely and densely punctured ; scutel flat............ a.
Pleura below coarsely and sparsely punctured ; scutel bilobed......2.
2. Mandibles simple; thorax coarsely punctured..........-..lectoides.
Mandibles with an internal tooth ; 7-9 mm............interruptus.
3. Scutel quite surpassing lateral spines ; spurs red ; 7-9 mm.autumnalis.
Scutel hardly surpassing lateral spines ; spurs black ; 6-8 mm. pusillus.
LIST OF CANADIAN COLEOPTERA.
BY JOHN D. EVANS, TRENTON, ONT.
(Continued from page 243.)
Gyrinide.
1505, Gyrinus minutus, Fab., 80.
Pr cad, (ee aquiris; Geese ao:
oy Spi poo.
Hydrophilide.
1542, Helophorus oblongus, Lec, ’79, ’80.
1543; mH lacustris, Lec., ’8o.
1546, ee linearis, Lec., ’80.
1597, Hydrocharis obtusatus, Say, ’8o.
1614, Berosus striatus, Say, ’80, ’8s.
*1622, Laccobius ellipticus, Lec., ’8o.
1653. Hydrobius fuscipes, Linn., ’79, ’81.
Cercyon, sp., ’81.
Siuphide.
1698, Necrophorus marginatus, Fab., ’79, ’8o.
1702, < vespilloides, Hbst., ’8r.
1706, Silpha lapponica, Hbst., ’79, ’80.
1707, ‘ trituberculata, Kirby, ’8r.
1709, ‘ noveboracensis, Forst., ’81.
1710, ‘* Americana, Linn., ’81.
*r711, .“ ‘kamosa, Say, 79) SO, son.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 289
Staphylinide.
2055, Aleochara bimaculata, Grav., ’79.
2100, Quedius fulgidus, Fab., 79.
2119, Creophilus villosus, Grav., ’79, ’80, “81.
2124, Staphylinus badipes, Lec., ’81.
2149, Philonthus zneus, Rossi., ’79, ’8r.
2150, ee furvus, Nord., ’79.
2167, “s hepaticus, Er., ’79, ’80.
72233, ee Lecontei, Horn., ’79.
*2303, Stenus bipunctatus, Er., ’81.
2573, Peederus littorarius, Grav., ’8r.
2732, Bledius ruficornis, Lec., ’81.
Homalium, sp., ’81.
Scaphidiide.
2976, Scaphium castanipes, Kirby, ’85.
Phatacride.
*2993, Phalacrus politus, Melsh., ’79.
*2996, Olibrus vittatus, Lec., ’79, ’80.
2998,“ ‘striatultis, Lec: ’7o, ‘So.
He 2 sp., 79 and ’8o.
Coccinellide.
*3035, Neemia episcopalis, Kirby,’ 79.
3041, Hippodamia 5-signata, Kirby, ’8r.
3043, - Lecontei, Muls, ’79.
3046, ‘: convergens, Guer., ’8o.
3050, a 13-punctata, Linn., ’79, ’8c.
3051, “4 parenthesis, Say, ’79, 80.
3058, Coccinella g-notata, Hbst., ’79.
3059, i transversoguttata, Fab., ’79,’80.
3060, 4 monticola, Muls., ’79.
3072, Harmonia 12-maculata, Gebl., ’8r.
3075, Anatis 15-punctata, Oliv., ’8o, ’81.
*3095d, Brachyacantha albifrons, Say, ’79, ’80.
Erotylide.
3236, Tritoma thoracica, Say, ’79.
Cucuside.
3314, Pediacus fuscus, Er., ’81.
290 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Dermestide.
*3418, Dermestes marmoratus, Say, ’79, ’8o.
S425, ra lardarius, Linn., ’79.
3428, 5 vulpinus, Fab., ’80.
Fiisteride.
3480, Hister interruptus, Beauv., ’79.
3494, (73 depurator, Say, "9, 80,
* 2583, Saprinus lugens, Er., ’79, ’8o.
3586, “i Oregonensis, Lec. 476,.00"
3586a, “« _ distinguendus, Mars., ’79.
2010; ss fimbriatus, Lec.,’79.
Nitidulide.
Nitidula, sp., 79.
3664, Cercus abdominalis, Er., ’79.
*3734, Pocadius helvolus, Er., ’8o.
*3739, Meligethes mutatus, Hor., ’79.
Byrrhide.
3887, Cytilus sericus, Forst., 80.
Byrrhus, sp., ’79.
Fleteroceride.
Heterocerus, 2 sp., ’8r.
Dascyllide.
4016, Cyphon variabilis, Thunb., ’81.
RRM ESO SRC o)
Lilateride.
*10049, Cryptohypnus nocturnus, Esch., ’79, 80.
4245, Elater apicatus, Say, ’8o.
4253, Drasterius elegans, Fab., ’79, ’80.
4287, Agriotes limosus, Lec., ’79, ’8o.
4297, Dolopius lateralis, Esch., ’79, ’80, ’81.
4322, Melanotus fissilis, Say, ’8o.
*4467, Corymbites morulus, Lec., ’79, ’80.
4482, * hieroglyphicus, Say, ’81.
4484, of cruciatus, Linn., ’79.
4495, ss metallicus, Payk., 81.
us Spy" 76:
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
LBuprestide.
4576, Dicerca prolongata, Lec., ’79, ’81.
4619, Melanophila longipes, Say, ’79, ’8o.
4739, Agrilus anxius, Gory., ’79.
4761, Brachys erosa, Melsh., ’80.
Lampyride.
4815, Ellychnia corrusca, Linn., ’79, ’8o.
4818, Pyropyga nigricans, Say, ’79, ’80.
4824, Pyractomena borealis, Rand., ’79, ’81.
4935, Telephorus nigritulus, Lec., 81,
4939, « flavipes, Lec., ’8o.
4948. 4 Curtisit, Kirby, ’Sr.
*4952, es Oregonus, Lec., ’79, ’80.
% Spa 70:
a 2°Spr, Ore
Malachide.
*4999, Collops cribrosus, Lec., 79, ’8o.
5013, ue vittatus, Say, ’79.
Cleride.
5159, Trichodes Nuttalli, Kirby, ’79.
52329 Necrobia violaceus, Linn., ’79, ’8o0.
Lucanide.
5419, Platycerus depressus, Lec., ’79, ’80,
Scarabeide.
5435, Canthon levis, Drury, ’8o.
5444, Copris anaglypticus, Say, ’81.
5459, Onthophagus janus, Panz, ’79.
5510, Aphodius hamatus, Say, ’8o, ’81,
*55 133 f occidentalis, Horn., ’79, ‘80.
5528, * granarius, Linn., ’8o.
“5550; és consentaneus, Lec., ’79, ’8o.
*5620, Trox sonore, Lec., ’79, ’8o.
5623, ‘‘ unistriatus, Beauv., ’8o.
5650, Hoplia trifasciata, Say, ’81.
291
292 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
5656, Dichelonycha elongata, Fab., ’79.
5659, rs testacea, Kirby, ’80.
5662, e Backii, Kirby, ’79.
5674, Serica vespertina, Gyll., ’79.
“SP. "79:
10240, Lachnosterna dubia, Smith, ’79.
*5822, Polyphylla decemlineata, Say, ’79.
*s5925, Cremastochilus Knockii, Lec., ’79.
5939, Trichius affinis, Gory., ’79.
Cerambycide.
5975, Criocephalus agrestis, Kirby, ’79.
6062, Elaphidion villosum, Fab., ’80.
6183, Xylotrechus undulatus, Say, ’79.
6248, Pachyta liturata, Kirby, ’79.
6259, Acmzops bivittata, Say, ’79, ’8o.
6273, 4 proteus, Kirby, 79.
6279, Bellamira scalaris, Say, ’8r.
*6295, Typocerus balteatus, Horn., ’79.
*6323a, Leptura convexa, Lec., ’79, ’80.
6207, A: mutabilis, Newm., ’79.
*6369, Monilema annulatum, Say, ’79, ’8o.
6386, Monohammus maculosus, Hald., ’8o.
6387, . scutellatus, Say, ’81,
(To be continued.)
A RARE BUTTERFLY.
On July 1st I caught a /Zypolimnas misippus, Linn., ¢, at the sugar
estate ‘‘Isabel,” ten miles north-east of this town. Gundlach, in his
«Entomologia Cubana,” 1881, states that he has only caught one male
in 1851 at Cardenas, and two females in 1869 and 1876, respectively. I
do not know of any other male having been caught in the island, and
should be very glad to hear from any of your correspondents who may
have caught them since 188r.
My specimen is quite perfect and measures 57 mm. across the
wings, and is therefore slightly smaller than the specimen illustrated in
Holland’s “ Butterfly Book.” THEO. Brooks, Guantanamo, Cuba.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 293
BOOK NOTICES.
THE ORTHOPTERA OF INDIANA.—By W. S. Blatchley, State Geologist,
Indianapolis, Ind. From the 27th Annual Report of the Depart-
ment of Geology and Natural Resources of Indiana, 1902. One
Vol., 8vo., pp. 123 to 471.
No one better qualified than the author of this work could possibly
be found to prepare a handbook of the Orthoptera of Indiana, and admir-
ably he has performed his self-imposed task. For nearly twenty years he
has been a close observer and student of the insects of this order and has
published many papers of both a systematic and descriptive character
upon them. Several of these have appeared from time te time in the
pages of this magazine. The book contains the results of his investiga-
tions and studies, and is designed to impart a full and clear knowledge of
this important group of insects to school pupils and young people on the
farm. Certainly anyone desiring to study the order, whether living in
Indiana or Ontario, or any of the neighbouring States, will find his way
made easy by this work, and will learn without much difficulty how to
distinguish the species and what their life-histories and characteristics are.
The opening pages of the book give a full and clear account of the
external anatomy of a Locust, the natural enemies of the Orthoptera, and
a bibliography of the more important books and papers on the order. The
main portion of the volume is termed ‘“‘A Descriptive Catalogue of the
Orthoptera Known to Occur in Indiana.” Convenient keys are given to
the families, genera and species, facilitating the identification of a speci-
men, and these are followed in each case by scientific descriptions, the
synonymy, geographical distribution and other information ; in the case
of the Locusts especially the accounts of the habits of the species are very
full and interesting. The work is rendered complete by a chapter on
the Life-zones of the State as illustrated by the distribution of the
Orthoptera, a glossary of the terms used and a full index. There are over
120 excellent figures in the text, largely taken from Lugger’s Orthoptera
of Minnesota, and a beautiful coloured plate of the remarkable pink
variety of the Oblong-winged Katydid (Amblycorypha oblongifolia).
294 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
A CLASSIFICATION OF NORTH AMERICAN SPIDERS.—By Prof. John Henry
Comstcck, Ithaca, N. Y. Comstock Publishing Co., 1903. Large
SV0., pp. 562> (Price, so-eents.)
Anyone taking up the study of Spiders will find this a useful manual,
as the tables will give him a clue, without much difficulty, to the families
and genera; for the determination of species he will require to have
recourse to some other work, such as Emerton’s “‘ Common Spiders of the
United States.” The tables require for their use some previous knowledge
of the external anatomy of the Spiders and the technical terms used in
their description. The author has in preparation a textbook of North
American Arachnida, and publishes these tables in advance in order that
they may be tested before publication of the larger work.
Tue Insect Woritp: A monthly magazine, edited by Y. Nawa, Gifu,
Japan. Vol. VII., 1903.
Recent numbers of this remarkable magazine have contained a page
or two in English, giving an illustrated description of some Sphinx Moth
or other interesting insect. Hitherto one has only been able to read the
English title, admire the excellent illustrations and turn over the pages
with a great longing to be able to read Japanese. In the January number
there was an account of a remarkable moth, whose larva lives as a parasite
on certain species of Cicada; a coloured plate is given showing the
different stages of the insect, the neuration of the wings of the moth and
the host with parasites attached. Mr. Marlatt gave, at the meeting of
Economic Entomologists, very interesting descriptions of Mr. Nawa and
his entomological laboratory and museum, which he visited last year.
DEATH OF PROFESSOR GROTE.
It is with profound regret that we record the death of our greatly-
esteemed friend, Professor AucusTuS RADCLIFFE GRoTE, A. M., the
tidings of which has just reached us. The sad event occurred on
Saturday, September 12th, at Hildesheim, Germany, where he had been
living for the past nine years; during the previous ten or eleven his
home had been at Bremen. With the exception of this last score of years,
his life was spent in the United States, and was devoted almost entirely
to the study of the Lepidoptera of North America,
We beg to offer our deepest sympathy to his widow and children in
their affliction. It may be some slight consolation to them to know that
their grief is shared by many on this side of the Atlantic who were his
friends and colleagues in earlier years.
Mailed October 3rd, 1903.
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CAN. ENT., VOL. XXXV,
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THE GENUS PODISMA.
The @anadiay ¥entomalogist
VoL. XXXV. LONDON, NOVEMBER, 1903. No. 11
THE GENUS PODISMA IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA.
RY E. M. WALKER, B.A., M.B., TORONTO.
Podisma (Latr.) is a particularly interesting genus of Melanopli,
since it is the only one of that immense group that occurs in the Old
World, where, indeed, it is represented by considerably more described
species than it is in North America. It is also of interest from its dis-
tinctly boreal and alpine distribution, being almost peculiar to high
latitudes or altitudes. It is a circumpolar genus, inhabiting the mountains
and boreal parts of Europe, Asia and North America, a larger number of
species having been described from Europe than elsewhere.
The North American species are found in two widely-separated
regions : the Rocky Mountain region from Alberta to New Mexico in the
west, and from North-western Ontario to Maine and south to Pennsyl-
vania in the east. It is to the eastern species that tlfe reader’s attention
will be directed in the present paper.
Although in some cases Podisma is but narrowly separable from
Melanoplus, it is on the whole a distinct type, differing from the latter
chiefly in the widely-separated mesosternal lobes, the interspace in the
male being transverse and as wide or nearly as wide as the lobes them-
selves, and in the female strongly transverse and as wide as or wider than
the lobes. The pronotum is always short and sometimes subcylindrical,
with the lateral carinze poorly defined or absent, and the hind margin trun-
cate or slightly emarginate, or at most obtusangulate. The tegmina are
-normally abbreviate, and often entirely absent. Of the North American
species, those from the east have no tegmina, while of the western forms
these organs are present in all but one species.
Two species of Fodisma have been described from eastern North
America, P. glacialis, Scudd., from the mountains of New England, New
York and Pennsylvania, and P?. vartegata, Scudd., from specimens taken
at Ithaca and Enfield Falls, Tompkins Co., N. Y. Before the description
of the latter was published the writer sent drawings to Mr. Scudder of
specimens of Podisma taken at De Grassi Pt., Lake Simcoe, Ont., which
were pronounced /. variegata, and later on specimens from the same
locality were sent to him. On Sept. 12th, 1g00, while collecting at North
296 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Bay, Lake Nipissing, 175 miles north of De Grassi Pt., a series of speci-
mens of Podisma were taken, which showed features belonging to both
species, but were enearer P. g/acialis. Some of these were sent to Mr.
Scudder, who named them g/acia/is, “ varying slightly towards variegata,
especially in the (feebly) banded hind femora.”
Since then I have collected a considerable series of specimens from
two localities intermediate in latitude between Lake Simcoe and Lake
Nipissing, viz., at Tobermory, near Cape Hurd (Bruce Co.), and at
Algonquin Park. Ihave also examined a séries of 4 ¢ g and3 ? 9 taken
at several different localities in Pennsylvania, belonging to the museum of
the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and kindly loaned
to me through Mr. J. A.G. Rehn. To complete my collection, I have
specimens of typical g/acia/zs from the following localities in New Eng-
land: Mt. Washington, N. H. (3 3 6,3 % 2); Greylock Mt., Mass.
(235 56,2 % 2); Speckled Mt., Stoneham, Me. (3 ¢ g,3 ? 2).
A careful study of all these specimens has revealed a complete series
of gradations from the typical y/aciadis of the White Mountains to the
typical variegata from Pennsylvania, though these extremes are widely
different, not only in structure and markings, but in habits and character of
environment.
The chief points of distinction between the two forms as given by
Mr. Scudder may be tabulated as follows:
P. glacialis. P. variegata.
Eyes. | Moderately prominent. | eee oie eSEece
Nias: Slightly shorter than hind | Distinctly longer than hind
femora. | femora (¢@).
Hind Yellowish grass-green, ob- | Flavo-testaceous, broadly
fers scurely bifasciate with bifasciate With blackish fus- ~
ia dark olivaceous green. cous.
Crosses basal fifth or less of | Hardly longer than last seg-
Furcula.
supra-anal plate. ment.
. : Very long and slender; middle
} >
Cerci Stouter, middle breadth not breadth less than ¥%4 basal
of ¢. | less than % basal breadth. | breadth
A study of my series gives the following results :
1. Eyes.—Those of the N. E. specimens (typical g/acia/is) are the least
prominent, the specimens from Mt. Washington having less prominent
eyes than those from Speckled Mt. and Greylock Mt. Among the rest of
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 297
the series there is but little variation, the greatest degree of prominence
being seen in the Pennsylvania specimens (typical varzegata) and the Lake
Simcoe specimens. The eyes of some of the ¢ ¢ from North Bay
approach pretty closely those of the ¢ ¢ from Speckled Mt., andthe ? @
from the latter locality are quite like those from North Bay in this respect.
There is, however, very little range of variation among the Canadian
specimens. An idea of the total amount of variation in the prominence
of this organ can be obtained from the accompanying plate.
2. Antenne.—The variation in the length of this structure can be
seen by a glance at the table of measurements. The specimens from Mt.
Washington have relatively the shortest antenne, and it is plain from the
measurements of the New England specimens that they average distinctly
shorter than the Canadian specimens. From Algonquin Park southward
to Pennsylvania, except at high altitudes, we find a gradual but steady
increase in the length of the antenne, the longest ones belonging to
Pennsylvania specimens. In typical varzegata the antenne of the ¢ are
distinctly longer than the hind femora, in g/acia/is slightly shorter. In
most of the Canadian specimens they are about equal in length, being
faintly shorter in the North Bay specimens, faintly longer in those from
Lake Simcoe.
3. The hind femora are relatively shortest in the N. E specimens, but
are practically constant in length throughout the remainder of the series.
Some of the Algonquin Park series, however, are inseparable from the N.
E. specimens on this score. A more important feature is the colour and
distinctness of the bands of the hind femora. In specimens from Algon-
quin Park and North Bay, like those from N. E., they are uniform green,
with the faintest traces of bands, but in the majority from this locality they
are more or less distinctly though feebly banded, the lighter areas being
yellowish green. A number of ¢ ¢, however, have the superior sulcus
as conspicuously banded as in the Pennsylvania specimens. The hind
femora of the latter are in the ¢ strongly fasciate with pale yellowish and
dark brown or blackish, the contrast being much greater in the main than
in the specimens from Lake Simcoe, which most resemble them. Every
gradation is present in the series.
4. The furcula shows great diversity of size and form. As with the
other characters, the most northern of the Ontario specimens are most like
typical g/acia/is in the form of this structure, and it is longest in some of
the North Bay and Algonquin Park specimens, shortest in the Pennsyl-
298 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
vania series. Some from North Bay, however, have the furcula as short
as those from Lake Simcoe (figs. 56, 57, 58.)
5. Cerci of ¢.—Next to the furcula this structure shows the greatest
range of variation. It is much stouter in typical g/acéa/is than in typical
variegata, and Scudder used the character as one of the chief ones by
which the two species could be distinguished. A glance at the plate, how-
ever, will suffice to show that no separation into two species can be based
on the form of this structure. Some of the North Bay specimens have the
cerci of typical g/acia/is, but there is a perfectly gradual series of transi-
tions from the stout cerci of the more northern forms to those of the
Pennsylvania ones, in which they are most slender. In order to illustrate
these transitions as accurately as possible, I have drawn the cerci of all
the ¢ specimens, from N. E., North Bay, Algonquin Park, Tobermory
and Pennsylvania, and a sufficient number from L. Simcoe.to complete
the range of variation.
Other variations of less importance are to be found, especially in the
general colour and character of markings, but they add nothing to the
facts gained from the above.
From these comparisons it is readily seen that the specimens from
Mt. Washington and those from Pennsylvania are the most widely sepa-
rated, but that the wide gaps between them can be filled by a complete
series of links represented by the Canadian specimens, the most northern
of which closely approach the N. E. specimens, the most southern the
Pennsylvania ones.
These variations, hence, appear to be connected with differences in the
climatic conditions, and it would seem that temperature is an important
factor. They are also accompanied by certain changes in the insect’s
habits, as evinced by some interesting facts that have been recorded on
this subject. Mr. Scudder states that in the White Mts. P. glacialis “ fre-
quents the close branches of the dwarf birch, and is rarely or never seen
upon the ground,” while Mr. Morse found most of his specimens ‘on or
among the various species of Vaccinium, characteristic of mouutain-tops
and on Ascutney upon dwarf cornel” (Psyche, 1898, 273). It occurs
at elevations of 2,000 to 5,400 feet, in New England, New York and
Pennsylvania, but has also been taken at lower levels at Jackman, Me.,
on the Canadian border, “in open woods and bogs” (Harvey.—Psyche,
1897, 77). At North Bay and Algonquin Park I found the insect
common in open woods on bushes, chiefly the common beaked hazel
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 299
.
(Corylus rostrata) and the red raspberry. It occurs in both dry and
fairly moist situations. The specimens from Tobermory were taken
under similar circumstances, while at De Grassi Pt. they seem to be
confined to swampy ground where the vegetation is of a boreal character.
In such places I have taken them on bushes, chiefly raspberry, but have
often found them on the branches and trunk of the Arbor-vite, sometimes
8 or to ft. from the ground. I have never observed this habit in the
north, although the species is far more abundant there, but Mr. J. A. G.
Rehn says, in an interesting article on “The Habits and Distribution
of Podisma variegata” (Ent. News, XI., 630), that in Pennsylvania they
occur on the branches of hemlock, and that when removed they will
quickly return.
From these various facts it may be inferred that P. g/acia/is is the
more primitive form, especially as the genus is typically an alpine one,
and that it once inhabited a much larger area. but after the retreat of the
ice-sheet it disappeared from this area, except in the northern part and on
the mountains farther south. Varzegata, on the other hand, may be
regarded as an incipient species, the product of an effort on the part of
the parent species to survive amid the altered conditions of its environ-
ment. These conditions, as we go southward, diverge more and more
from those to which the insect was originally adapted, and hence it is not
surprising to find slight modifications of structure and colour-pattern
corresponding in degree with these changes.
Its occurrence in swampy stations southward is what would be
expected from the fact that wet soil is a poor conductor of heat, and such
places are cooler than the more open, dry country, but its fondness for
hemlock in Pennsylvania seems to indicate a distinct specialization in the
insect’s habits in this locality. Further observation, however, is desirable
on this point.
As many of my Canadian specimens can be classed equally well with
glacialis or variegata, it will be necessary to give a new racial name to
these forms, and I have accordingly subdivided the species as follows,
though it will be understood that these different geographical races cannot
be sharply separated from one another :
A. Antenne distinctly shorter than hind femora ( ¢ ), nearly three-fourths
as long (?). Eyes not very prominent. Hind femora nearly
uniform green externally, obscurely bifasciate with darker green.
Furcula crossing basal fourth or fifth of supra-anal plate. Cerci of
300
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
a
¢ rather stout, middle breadth not less than two-thirds the basal
breadth.
Habitat—Mountains of New England.—P. glacialis, Scudd., type.
Antenne about as long (¢), about five-sixths as long (@) as the
hind femora. Eyes prominent, especially in the ¢. Hind femora
green externally, more or less distinctly bifasciate with darker green,
especially on the superior sulcus. Furcula generally crossing less
than the basal fifth of the supra-anai plate, but longer than the last
segment. Cerci of ¢ about half as broad in middle as at base.
Habitat—Northern Ontario.—P. glacialis Canadensis, new race.
Antenne longer (4 ), faintly shorter (?), than hind femora. Eyes
prominent, especially in the ¢. Hind femora pale-yellow externally,
strongly bifasciate with dark-brown or blackish. Furcula about as
long as the last segment. Cerci of ¢ less than half as broad in
middle as at base. Habitat—New York, Pennsylvania, Ontario (L.
Simcoe, Tobermory).—F. glacialis variegata, Scudd. _
Specimens from Lake Simcoe and Tobermory may be placed with
variegata, but are not quite typical. I have seen no specimens of glacia/is
from the mountains of New York and Pennsylvania, so that I have given
them no place in the above table.
They will probably fall under P.
glacialis type.
MEASUREMENTS.
Males.
Antenna. Head and Pronotum. Hind Femur. Body.
mm. mm. mm, mm
Mt. Wash.
BISPEC Rea tee 8.1-8.2 Av. 8.15 55-58 AV. 5.53 9-5-9-7 AV. 9.57 17.0-17.5 AV. 17.3
(2 spec.)
Speckled Mt.
RISPEC i: Tek eens g.0-g.2 Av. g.1 5-7-5-8 Av. 5.73 g.0-9.7 Av. 9.4 17-0-18.0 Av. 17.7
(2 spec.)
New England.
(Morse) 48 spec. | 8.0-g.0 g.5-10.8 15-0-17.5
North Bay.
SiSpece seo alee 8.5-9.0 Av. 8.8 5-4-5-8 Av. 5.62 g-5-10.3 Av. 9.9 17.0-18.0 Av, 17.27
Algong Pk.
TAN SPEGs osc lesley: 8.0-10.0 Av. 8.66 4.8-5.7 Av. 5.19 8.4-10.0 Av. 8.8 15.0-17.5 Av. 16.1
Tobermory.
SESPECs.. seeects 10.0-10.5 Av. 10.16 | 5.7-6.0 Av. 5.84 10.0-10.8 Av. 10.24 | 17.5-18.5 Av. 18.44
Lake Simcoe
WVEJIAE Saal. Ne 10.0-11.0 Ay. 10.5 5-3-6.3 Av. 5.79 | 9.5-10.5 Av. 10.08 | 17.5-20.0 Av. 18.4
Penn’a.
4 Speer. faite 12.0 (1 spec.) 5-3-5-8 Av. 5.52 g.5-10.2 Av. 9.8 16.5-18.5 Av. 17.5
Ithaca, N. Y.
(Scudder)... .... 10.5 9-25 16.5
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Females.
Antenna. Head and Pronotum. Hind Femur. Body.
M Ww h mm mm. mm mm.
t. ash.
De STe=S abe suas 72 7.0 12.0 25.0
Speckled Mt.
BISPEOe ers acteminis 8.2-9.0 Av 6.3-7-0 Av. 6.6 10.0-11.5 Av. 10.9 21.0-26.0 Av. 23.0
(2 spec.)
New England.
(Morse) 62 spec.| 7.0-8.5 10.0-12.0 19.0-28.0
North Bay.
IRUS FIORE S nycieteta win. g.0-10.5 Av. 6.3-7.0 Av. 6.86 | 12.0-12.6 Av. 12.4 21.5-25.2 Av. 23.9
Algong Pk.
AUSDOE Sis atte. ~:< g.o-g.2 Av. 6.0-6.8 Av. 6.47 | 10.2-12.0 Av. 11.2 20.0-24.0 Av. 21.7
Tobermory.
SUSPGGe.. esis g.o-11.0 Av. 19.12 | 6.5-7.5 Av. 7.09 | 12.2-13.5 Av. 12.3 22.0-26.5 Av. 24.8
Lake Simcoe.
SUSPECT ee. catie sto: 10.0-11.0 Av. 10.69 | 6.8-7.8 Av. 7.29 | 11.0-13.4 Av. 12.4 24.5-26.5 AV. 25.37
Penn'a
BYSPEG oe ae cs 11.5 (1 spec.) 6.5-7.0 Av. 6.66 } 12.0-12.5 Av. 12.25 | 21.0-24-5 Av. 22.83
Ithaca, N. Y.
(Scudder)... .... 8.5 + 12.75 23-5
Fig. EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6.
1, 2,7. Podisma glacialis, type, g cercus. Mt. Washington, N. H.
Bas oy = oe os Greylock Mt., Mass.
50; 8 4 ct ss os Speckled Mt., Stoneham, Me.
9. “ ss sf From Scudder (Rev. Mel.).
48. a fs “6, head and pronotum. Mt. Washington,
Nz Hi
49. 7 $ on ies oa s Speckled Mt., Me.
Sa: - i ‘** _ g, supra-anal plate and furcula. Speckled
Mt., Me.
61. 's S ‘© @,hind femur. Speckled Mt., Me.
10-17. 4 canadensis, 4 cercus. North Bay, Ont.
18-31. # ee if Algonquin Park, Ont.
50. & a ¢, headand pronotum. North Bay,
Ont.
—56. a "S a supra-anal plate and furcula.
4-5 ,
North Bay, Ont.
62, 63. ef ee a g,hind femur. North Bay, Ont.
2-36. Fs = variegata, 6 cercus. Tobermory, Bruce Co., Ont.
S ,
‘6 & “6 ‘“
37-42.
Lake Simcoe, Ont.
302 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST,
43: Podisma glacialis, variegata, § cercus. From Scudder (Rev. Mel.).
44, 45- ss “ak ie North Mt., Penn’a.
46. cE « a ff Bellasylva, Wyo. Co., Pa.
47. “ is ft ef Glen Omoko, Sull. Co., Pa.
pat ‘ 3 ‘ ¢ ,head and pronotum. Lake Simcoe,
Ont.
ee «s Hs B aha ec ‘e North Mt., Pa.
57; 58. sf be es dg, supra-anal plate and furcula.
~ Lake Simcoe, Ont.
59, 60. e ks Y fg, supra-anal plate and furcula.
North Mt., Pa.
64. ” gs es ¢ hind femur. Lake Simcoe, Ont.
65. a bs Ms cs Bellasylva, Pa.
ON THE SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE ORTHOPTEROUS
- . GENUS AULOCARA, SCUDDER.
BY A. N. CAUDELL, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Too late for correction, I find that in my recent paper on western
Orthoptera* I have redescribed Scudder’s Axulocara rufum as a new
species under the name guwanieri, placing it in the not very nearly related
genus fe/iastus. This unfortunate mistake was brought about by the
uncertain position of the genus Az/ocara, which possesses both tryxaline
and cedipodine characters. The general aspect of the species of the genus
is certainly very strongly cedipodinean and the characters of the declivate
vertex, subperpendicular front, filiform antennz, small round eyes, obsolete
lateral carinz, twice or thrice severed median carina, wrinkled pronotum,
and of the generally present intercalary vein, all indicate close affinity to
the Gidipodine. McNeill, in his revision of the Tryxalinzy, excludes this
genus, but Scudder considers it to belong to that group. C@docara,
Scudd., and the invalid genus Co/orade//a of Brunner von Wattenwylt,
are synonyms of Awdocara, and under the former name Saussure places it
in the CGidipodine§, and Co/orade//a was established as a tryxaline genus.
Thus there is considerable difference of opinion among specialists as to
the systematic position of Ax/ocara. Upon thoroughly studying the
group characters exhibited by our species of this genus, I feel very certain
that its logical position is in the (Edipodine.
* Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvi., 775-809 (1903)
+ Proc, Davenp. Acad. Nat. Sc., vi., 179-274 (1897).
+ Ann. Mus. Genoa (2) xili., 123 (1893).
§ Prodr, Cdipod., suppl., 15 (1888).
Oo
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 30
CLASSIFICATION OF THE FOSSORIAL, PREDACEOUS AND
PARASITIC WASPS, OR THE SUPERFAMILY
VESPOIDEA.
BY OWIbLIAM HH. ASHMEAD; M: A., D. SC., ASSISTANT CURATOR, U.S.
NATIONAL MUSEUM.
(Paper No. 16.—Continued from Vol. XXXV., p. 205.)
Famity XLII.—Mutillide.
1830. Mutillidz, Family (partim), Leach ; Edinb. Ency., IX., p. 145.
1855. Mutillide, Family (partim), Smith; Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus.,
DRE CRS
1899. Mutillide, Family XLII., Ashmead ; Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc.,
WT Sp. 49.
1899. Mutillide, Family (partim), Fox; Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.,
XXV., p. 220.
1899. Mutillide, Famille (partim), André ; Spec. Hym. d’Eur. Tom.
VIII., pp. 1-77.
1903. Mutillide, Famille (partim), André ; Wytsman’s Gen. Ins.,
Fam. Mutillide.
William E. Leach, and wot Frederick Smith, as Ernest André has it,
was the first to establish the family A/ufi//ide ; but none of these gentle-
men correctly defined it, and all have included genera which do not
belong to it. Some of the genera belong to the Bethy/ide, one belongs
to the Zhiynnide, one to the Cosz/:de, and others to the A/yrmoside.
The family, as here restricted, contains only wingless females, with
the thorax always undivided, or without trace of the pronotal or mesonotal
sutures, while the males are easily distinguished from those in other
families by having the abdomen terminating in two slender, straight spines,
which usually project from between the two plates of the pygidium—the
epipygium and the hypopygium. All other writers on these wasps,
namely, Klug, Lepeletier, Leach, Haliday, Radoszkowski, Sichel, Smith,
Saussure, Blake, Cresson, Fox, Peringuey and André, have, in my opinion,
included in the family genera or groups which do not belong to it, but
which fall naturally into other families, as I have clearly shown in my
characterization of the families. All its members are genuine parasites,
and live in the nests of various bees and wasps. The family may be
separated into ¢wo closely-allied subfamilies, as follows :
304 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Table of Subfamiiies.
Abdomen with the first segment droad/y sessile with the second, without
a distinct constriction or furrow between, and never much narrowed
or petioliform, although sometimes subnodose in some
MAIS. coo Sate clare eee tee oo ee Subfamily I., Mutillinze.
Abdomen with the first segment petiolate or petioliform, never broadly
sessile with the second, but much narrowed at apex, and usually
with a constriction or furrow between it and the
SECON. oe ce sec da eis cles 8 once wed coe oon, 2169 UEP pe eg
SuBFAMILY I.—Mutillinze.
This group has apparently reached its highest development in
Europe, Africa and Asia, the typical forms found in America being less
numerous ; the others show a closer affinity with the next subfamily or
the Ephutine, tribe Sphaerophthalmini.
Two minor groups or tribes may be recognized by the following
characters :
Eyes small, rounded, hemispherical or ellipsoidal, prominently convex,
smooth and highly polished, not facetted, or with the facets vaguely
defined, except in ¢ Zricholabiodes, Pseudophotopsis and Alloneurion,
which have large oval eyes, more or less facetted, that extend to the
base of the mandibles.................+... Tribe I.,, Photopsidini.
Eyes larger, not rounded or hemispherical, ovate, obovate or ellipsoidal,
always distinctly facetted, and in the ¢ sometimes emarginate
Within... 6.0. ded ell vies qoute sbelete eabcihiel ain |i EN an
TriBeE I.—Photopsidini.
The majority of the males in this group more closely resemble those
in the family Myrmoside, tribe Ciyphotini, than any of the others, and this
resemblance has influenced me in placing the tribe at the head of the
family M/util/ide, although in cephalic characters, and particularly in the
rounded eyes, they are evidently allied to the tribe Sphaerophthalmini,
some of the females having been described originally in the genus
Sphaerophthalma, Blake.
Table of Genera.
Miales'si.tensir ant eae aged een eee He
Females. ..0).0 0 ois ec cael ecm mie «sesh mo ohm ate ea
1. Eyes large, oval, not hemispherical, occupying most of the sides
of the head and extending to base of mandibles, usually with a
feeble sinus in front and behind, delicately facetted ...........2.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 305
byes not large: hemispherical or rounded’). £0) oi Nod deen: & 4.
2. Postscutellum armed on each side with a small erect tooth or spine;
MesOnotime with, complete, fUTTOWS ox: «, s-.s,.0,0,55, see deel aeces ws 3.
Postscutellum normal, unarmed.
Front wings with three cubital cells, the third sometimes incom-
plete, the stigma very small and indistinct; only ove recurrent
nervure; mandibles strongly excised beneath, 3-dentate at
apex; middle and hind tibiz armed with spines.
WEN IELE A Wersteitye Racal toate «sheer de Tricholabiodes, Radoszkowski.
(Type Mutilla pedunculata, Klug.)
3. Front wings with ¢zo cubital cells and only ove recurrent nervure ;
both mandibles excised beneath, with a process or projection
before the incision; ocelli large. (Africa,
STEN Tae Ta, RO a ead 9 a Pseudophotopsis, André.
(Type Agama Kamarovi, Radosz )
Front wings with ¢#ree cubital cells and with ¢wo recurrent nervures,
the third cubital cell again divided by a longitudinal vein issuing
from the middle of the second transverse cubitus.
(AST Da) REPO ee et ee ea . Alloneurion, Ashmead.
(lives Mutilla Kokpetica, Radosz.)
4. Mesosternum anteriorly normal, unarmed. exh seatgas ; aGe
Mesosternum anteriorly abnormal, armed with two (or mer ooth.
Head quadrate, the temples full; mandibles at apex 4-dentate ;
mesosternum laterally at the middle armed with a tooth ; first
joint of the flagellum as long or nearly as the second. (North
AMHEeLICa.)'... 3... ...1...... 2 betraphotopsis, Ashm., gen: nov.
(Type T. Hubbardi, Ashm.)
Head not quadrate, the temples not full; mandibles at apex
3-dentate ; mesosternum laterally unarmed ; first joint of the
flagellum shorter than the second. (North
AMERICAS) lois s ss ce ost eee bs s Odontophotopsis, Viereck.
(Type O. exogyrus, Viereck.)
5. Marginal cell at apex pointed or rounded, but never broadly
truncate . ies : PIRES olsiahe ot ake Seen Oe
Marginal celles at apex jroudiy: es PRUMCALE! sess eee as rs
6. Mandibles beneath excised, or with a sinus and usually with a tooth,
or process, before the incision, or at least the left mandible excised
HREM Ulta yen P-HOK verre sos. lhars eeeawee Saleial od atone 25 IR gia Fe
306 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Mandibles beneath szmp/e, not excised =... 25% |. 205 Se eee eee
7. Mandibles acuminate, or with a tooth within before apex, never
Z-GemMtate oi. 5 oie vcorereietore'e oo bilieint ole’ pee ele olate (enter
Mandibles stout and strong throughout, at apex 3-dentate.
Front wings with only ove recurrent nervure .............-.. 8.
Front wings with ¢woe recurrent nervures -. © ~:). )-ci=)) sees
8. Ocelli large ; submedian cell a little longer than the median ; first
and second joints of the flagellum cylindrical, more than twice
longer than thick, and about equal in length. (North
America.). @....+.-+-.--..+.-...Neophotopsis, Ashm sensmoy,
(Type Photopsis pluto, Fox.)
Ocelli small ; submedian cell not longer than the median ; first joint
of the flagellum a little longer than thick and shorter than the
second.’ (North America’), .. G25) see Bruesia, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Mutilla harmonia, Fox.)
g. Front wings with ¢#ree cubital cells, or the third partially formed. . 12.
Front wings with zwo cubital cells, the third entirely absent.
Mesonotum wtf distinct parapsidal furrows...............- 10.
Mesonotum wzthout parapsidal furrows...................--II.
1o. Mandibles at apex 3-dentate.
Front wings with two cubital cells. (North
America.).............-..... Neophotopsis, Ashm. (partim).
rr. Second cubital cell triangular ; ocelli large ; flagellum cylindrical, the
first joint longer than wide, but shorter than the second. (North
America.) ..... 0. cele e nee ve oe oe on ow » 7 MLC ROMEIIEN lta
(Type Photopsis nana, Ashm.)
Second cubital cell small, irregularly pentagonal ; ocelli not large,
close together in a triangle. (South
America.) ...3 se.s96+-+.e0700 «+s # UCAPLOMaGhylay Ean mEeIner:
(Type S. heterogama, Burm.)
12. Mandibles strong, 3-dentate at apex.
Front wings with only ove recurrent nervure; first abdominal
segment smooth, or at most only sparsely feebly
punctate ................... Neophotopsis, Ashm. (partim).
Front wings with ¢wo recurrent nervures ; first abdominal segment
distinctly, closely punctate..........Photopsis, Blake (partim).
15:
16.
17.
18.
a
20.
21.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 307
. Ocelli large ; submedian cell not or rarely much longer than the
median ; first abdominal segment closely punctate. (North
BMMROUMEAS Jt ferry octal te sno yaie la ACh cl iw: atisioce eyes Photopsis, Blake.
(Type P. imperialis, Blake.)
Ocelli small ; submedian cell longer than the median; first abdominal
segment smooth, impunctate. (North
A\TITETT Gz) AIPAC lee ena ear .. Nomizephagus, Ashmead.
(lype Mutilla Sanbornii, Blake.)
. Ocelli large ; submedian cell a little longer than the median ; /wo
recurrent nervures, the second, however, sometimes incomplete or
subobsolete at apex; first joint of the flagellum about twice as long
as thick. (North America.)...........Pyrrhomutilla, Ashmead.
(Type Sphzrophthalma anthophore, Ashm.)
Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows :.....................16.
MEsenotial7o77/e parapsidal furrows .. .i.s da ste sie seks ee ees 18.
Thorax about twice as long as wide, not wider than the head..... 17.
Thorax not much longer than wide, wider than the head.
Submedian cell not longer than the median ; flagellum cylindrical,
tapering off at apex, the fourth joint not much longer than the
second ; second ventral segment more or less conically produced
or elevated at basal middle. (Australia.).Eurymutilla, Ashmead.
(Type Mutilla affinis, Westw.)
Submedian cell longer than the median ; flagellum cylindrical, the
first joint shorter than the second; second ventral segment normal.
EYMStEAURA) wa. ees -css ond we as iteoees oe phmtomorpha, André.
(Type Mutilla aurata, Fabr.)
Basniwinesswith/zo cubital. cells. 0. 3hs.sccecscs «5 5 oe oe oe oe EQ:
Front wings with ¢#ree cubital cells.
Head subglobose; ocellismall. Australia. Bothriomutilla,Ashmead.
(Type Mutilla rugicollis, Westw.)
Head subquadrate ; ocelli small: mandibles excised beneath, 2- or
3-dentate (este André.) (South America.) ......Tallium André.
(Type Mutilla tenebrosa, Gerst.)
Thorax not or hardly twice as long as wide, usually narrowed
posteriorly, but never very elongate .......... Diets GDI
Thorax elongate, thrice as long as wide, or Retay. abogrtenae . 29.
Thorax at least 1144 times as long as wide, obtrapezoidal, seach
Obpyriferm; or banjo shaped, or nearly << fos. see 0. 28. 2ai
308 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Thorax not or only a little longer than wide, quadrate or nearly,
obtrapezoidal, short ovoid or otherwise shaped.
Thorax obtrapezoidal or short ovoid.: : : - =: 7325-1 aaa
Thorax hexagonal, a little wider than long, punctate ; head
subglobose ; first and second joints of the flagellum only a
little longer than thick. (Australia)..Eurymutilla, Ashmead.
(Type Mutilla affinis, Westw.)
22. Thorax at least 134 times as long’as wide ..~.2 9... eee
Thorax obtrapezoidal and only a little longer than wide.
Mandibles. excised beneath... --.. .<\s. 2 =a oc:ecels ee
Mandibles not excised beneath.
Mandibles conically pointed edentate ; first and second joints
of the flagellum small, not longer than wide, the third
joint longer than the second .. Micromutilla, Ashmead.
Mandibles falcate, but with a small tooth within before the
apex; first joint of the flagellum much longer than wide
and longer than the second..Neophotopsis, Ashmead.
23. Mandibles decussate, acute at apex, but with a minute tooth within
before the apex.... .............-? Odontophotopsis, Viereck.
24. Thorax banjo-shaped, or nearly... ... 3... «2 2. cs mp meet eee
Thorax obovoid or obpyriform.
Head transverse quadrate, the temples broad; eyes oval or
ellipsoidal ; highly polished.
Mandibles long, acuminate decussate, edentate, first
joint of the flagellum long, obconical, longer than
the 2nd and 3rd united. ...? Neophotopsis, Ashm.
Thorax obtrapezoidal.
Head subglobose, the temples rather broad; eyes ellipsoidal
or nearly round. ‘
Scape very long; first joint of flagellum very long ;
mandibles long, slender, pointed at apex, with /wo
teeth within........ .Scaptodactyla, Burmeister.
Scape normal ; first joint of flagellum not especially
long.
Left mandible wtk an incision beneath
toward base.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 309
Mandibles bidentate ; first joint of
the flagellum long, fully as
long as 2nd and 3rd
united. .? Tetraphotopsis, Ashm.
Mandibles acuminate, decussate,
without teeth ; first joint of the
flagellum obconical, longer than
thesecond..?Neophotopsis, Ashm.
Left mandibles zthout an incision beneath,
Simipleiwass te eke Oe Peas
24. Thorax banjo-shaped, or nearly, rae Ge ied at the Stied. erat
Thorax obpyriform, obovoid or obtrapezoidal............ “255,
25. Mandibles beneath simple, not excised. Gar.) oe 520:
Mandibles beneath, or at least the left Pifiadible. enced and fully
with a process or projection before the incision........:...28.
26. Mandibles at apex 3-dentate. es hes S243
Mandibles at apex simple or at most witha a iia thoth ante hefare
apex, or bidentate.
Head rather large quadrate or subquadrate, the temples
SROAGI teh ont: eects: .9plomutilla, Ashiay esau
(Type Mutilla perfecta, Radoszk.)
6. Thorax oblong, but compressed medially at the sides ; head large,
quadrate, the temples usually very broad, not oblique; ocelli
distinct ; scuteilum indistinctly differentiated.
(ACER at) 5tc ose Sane Ee p= ate earn eee .. Viereckia, Ashm., gen. nov.
“(Ty pe Mutilla duyabegdli Péring.)
Thorax oblong, as wide behind as before, or nearly, and only slightly
compressed at the sides medially ; head obtrapezoidal, the temples
oblique ; ocelli subobsolete ; scutellum entirely absent.
(Africa.).. oe... 2... sa oe ee. Apteromutilla, Ashman
(Type Mutilla aeda, Péring.)
7. Head large, quadrate, usually much broader than the thorax, the
thorax oblong quadrate, the sides parallel, or nearly, the front
angles acute ; mandibles 3-dentate.
Head armed with a large tooth on each side beneath, the upper
hind angles acute; scutellum present ; clypeus bidentate ;
eyes oval, placed anteriorly rather close to the mandibles.
CNotthyAmericas)\.6c.-oee aes .. Myrmilloides, André.
ree Muti grandiceps, Blake.)
Head unarmed, the upper hind angles not acute; scutellum
present ; clypeus not bidentate. (Europe, Africa,
ASAE) theft ne veee obese ceele oes OULD IIINI eam
(Type Mutilla distincta, Lepel.)
8. Front wings with only ¢wo cubital cells.............. Os
Front wings with ¢kree cubital cells, or the third catia formed,
never entirely absent... ......seee0e 0 ey oc © 09 se Ee
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 325
g. Not entirely black, the thorax red ; head transverse, rounded behind,
Pacem ameles MOL o LASTS ICTs geaeeamnnmenni
(Type Mutilla medon, Smith.)
17, Mesonotum wéth distinct parapsidal furrows, or the furrows indicated
posteriorly... 26 esis eis ae woe alee ae oe wl vee ee
Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows................ ete 25.
18. Mandibles beneath, before the middle, excised or sinuated, and
usually with a process or tooth before the incision............-19.
Mandibles beneath simple, not excised or sinuated, and never with a
process or tooth beneath... < s.c6 5 os cic ciel wins) © siete en
1g; Mandibles ‘bidentate. 2.0). 62. 2 nse: > ce a
\
Mandibles tridentate.
Submedian cell longer than the median, the second cubital cell
more or less triangular, the third large, hexagonal ; first joint of
the flagellum shorter than the second. (Europe, Africa,
Asia) 60. 000. Veblue 1. fa) atin en ie soos ieee
(Type M. europaea, Linné.)
20. Submedian cell longer than the median, rarely equal, the marginal cell
about twice as long as wide ; first joint of the flagellum about as
long as the second ; hind tibiae spinous and also with long hairs,
(North and South America.).................Timulla, Ashmead.
(Lype Mutilla dubitata, Smith.)
Submedian and median cells equal, the marginal cell not much longer
than wide ; first joint of the flagellum distinctly shorter than the
second ; hind tibiz of spinous, but with long hairs,
(Europes): ona ie oe ev cee oe ewe a ene os « SLC BE ee
(Type Mutilla rufipes, Latr.)
21.
22.
24.
25.
26.
odie
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 327
MED eS MTLGERLALE Wl 4, ciao wraps os aintedee is Se ase Macey o> qin wage aiee 22e
Mandibles bidentate.
Submedian cell longer than the median; disc of clypeus subconvex;
first joint of the flagellum a little shorter than the second ;
second ventral segment normal. (Europe.).....Ronisia, Costa.
(Type Mutilla brutia, Pet.)
Second ventral segment carinate, and sometimes dentate posteriorly
PPR NG A RE oe ohn ire aS « ataret cae s vlc ma acto aia Oe, obs Barymutilla, André.
(Type Mutilla pythia, Smith.)
Submedian cell longer than the median, the third cubital cell
pentagonal. (Africa.).............(?) Dolichomutilla, Ashmead.
Seutellum and metathorax normal, unarmed. ........-...2<5:..025-
Scutellum and metathorax abnormal, armed with teeth..........27.
Thorax with the front margin slightly arcuate, the angles not acute ;
front wings with ¢fwo recurrent nervures ....... ‘ ee 20:
Thorax with the frontal margin slightly concave, the aniales aiuto
front wings with ove recurrent nervure.
Head transverse, not as wide as the thorax ; mesonotum with
distinct furrows: median and submedian cells of an equal
length ; abdomen with a white band.
ASIAN nits. <2: seatepetiarenaie Radoszkowskius, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Mutilla simplicifascia, Radoszk.)
Head subquadrate, with two tubercles between the antenne, the
temples broad; recurrent nervures converging and entering the
second cubital cell close together.
emcAy fy sj tad. Ses acsi- od mee laweius, Ashm., gen. Nov:
(Type Mutilla bituberculata, Smith.)
Head transverse, without tubercles between the antennz, the temples
not broad ; recurrent nervures not converging, widely separated.
(AielGa))ine os jasc... 2d. -.Mimecomutilla, Ashm.,/gen- nov.
(Type Mutilla purpurata, Smith.)
Scutellum transverse-quadrate, ¢ridentate posteriorly; second ventral
segment armed with a tooth. (Africa.), Péringueya, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Mutilla erynnis, Péring.
Scutellum large, flat, b¢dentate posteriorly, a tooth at each hind angle
that curves inwardly ; second ventral segment normal, unarmed
(AIG a face te dsicl o's xislo vv ersc te vs, de OGontomutilla, Ashmead:
(Type Mutilla Saussurei, Sechel.)
328 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
28. Thorax quadrangular, not much narrowed posteriorly, the sides
parallel or nearly, sometimes laterally slightly sinuate or compressed
medially, rarely obtrapezoidal. . od 2 ee o> ae £29.
Thorax quite differently shaped, most Sr meee aerate obpyaitoan Geeebid,
violin-shaped or otherwise, usually narrowed posteriorly or much
contracted at the sideS .. . 0... 1606s «wes = 116) apo ny ete een
29. Pygidium not perfectly oa ai A striate, rugulose, coriaceous
or punctate, and with a pygidial area, i.e. with an elevated rim at
the sides. soko biel eie-te'bi a ee, pipie (wie bag 0/470 tae lalla ea
Pygidium ad@tly smooth, without a distinet pygidial area, or the
elevated rim is wanting or exceeding delicate......... ...... 44.
30. Thorax with the front angles rounded, zof acute...............31.
Thorax with the front angles'acute”. .........) 302 =e
31. Lateral margins of the thorax and the upper margin of the
metathoracic truncature dentate or denticulate..............32.
Lateral margins of the thorax and the upper margin of the meta-
thoracic truncature usually simple, not dentate at the most, and
rarely with only the upper margin of the truncature dentate... .34.
32. Thorax with sides parallel or nearly; head subquadrate, without
tubercles between the antenne ; mandibles simple, unarmed ; first
joint of the flagellum obconical, about twice as long as thick, the
second joint transverse. (Africa.)......(?) Trogaspidia, Ashmead.
Thorax with side slightly compressed medially ; head large, quadrate,
with two tubercles between the antenne; mandibles very long,
tridentate (two widely-separated teeth within on inner margin) ;
first joint of the flagellum very long, longer than 2 and 3 united.
(South America.)..................-Euspinolia, Ashm., gen: nov.
(Type Mutilla chilensis, Spin.)
33. Head quadrate, a little wider than the thorax, with fwo triangular
tubercles between the antenne. (Africa.). Blakeius, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Mutilla bituberculata, Smith.)
Head transverse, not wider than the thorax, wéthout tubercles
between the antenne. (Asia.)..Radoszkowskius, Ashm., gen. nov.
(Type Mutilla simplicifascia, Radoszk.)
34. Upper margin of the metathoracic truncature armed with three or
more teeth. CUS EY walvalele os pe oe 0 ene eh 35.
Upper margin ef the Helarhireeie truncature : donee unarmed. .. 36.
35°
37:
38.
oo:
40.
THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 329
Thorax not twice as long as wide, the upper margin of the truncature
armed with 3 to 5 teeth; head large, quadrate, the temples very
Baoad. — (Airica.)=..% .. 4+... 24 «sar ermgueya, Ashm); cen. nov.
(Type Mutilla euterpe, Péring.)
Thorax a little more than twice longer than wide, the upper margin of
the truncature armed with about 8 teeth ; head subquadrate, the
temples not especially broad.
PMR tery. dares aonb seis eee ee: Ss Pristomutilla, Ashm., gen. nov.
ee Mutilla pectinata, Radoszk.)
. Mandibles at apex of tridentate. . Ses: PHD EN aA
Mandibles at apex tridentate, the outer taoth ihe Hongeer (Europe,
Africa, Asia.).. baal aha eats Pees wore “Mua ane:
Mandibles ot satiate beneath eawards base, Py a process
Oi PLOPECHON <<< ; se Go panes ae ster
Mandibles emarginate neni tons oe San a process or
projection before the emargination. (Europe.)....Ronisia, Costa.
(Type Mutilla brutia, Pet.)
Head subquadrate or transverse, not or scarcely wider than the
thorax.
Mandibles bidentate ; third joint of the antennz not longer than
the fourth, shorter than the fifth, or no longer.
GEIOLOPE: es once oacied at ea on SOMICIOMyrMe, Ehomson,
Mandibles acuminate. edentate, rarely with a slight tooth within
before apex; third joint of the antennz longer than the fourth,
usually as long as joints 4 and 5 united. (North and South
PMI ETICAL) Pee Sint cantt seiner e A ET Ae ate Timulla, Ashmead.
Head large, quadrate, wider than the thorax, the temples broad ;
thorax more than twice longer than wide ; abdomen with two white
dorsal spots on second segment. (Africa.)...Viereckia, Ashmead.
Mncteaeemot escutcheon-shaped a. os rate cjaccgcs «621s aa ale nef
Thorax somewhat escutcheon-shaped, sinuately emarginated or
contracted from about the apical one-fourth, the posterior margin
and angles rounded ; head transverse, as wide as the thorax ; eyes
oval, (Africa.).. va .........-Mimecomutilla, Ache
Thorax quite anne rently Seabed: ee a bee) tooth at the apical
third . Deg eae ets: ae oa
Thorax sinuate cd shane nanoned ical ay a iaeel tooth
at the apical third.
330 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST.
Mandibles simple, edentate ; third joint of the antennz obconical,
hardly longer than thick at apex.
(Affica.).... 00.62 ae eee ess +. ess» OG ODFOR IEE.
41. Thorax not hexagonal, usually obpyriform, obovoid, obtrapezoidal or
violin-shaped . 2a 8s a elles ie 2) 8 el acne 5) table of genera, 2
Epeolus, table of species, 287.
Ephestia Kuehniella, 216.
Epismilia = Microweisea, 35.
Errata, IT0, 213.
Eucorethra, a genus of Culicida, 272.
as Underwoodi, 272.
Eugastra epigea, n. sp., 71.
Eulecanium Folsomi, 193.
Eulecanium pruinosum, var.
moides, 196.
Eulepiste Kearfotti, n. sp., 76.
Euretagrotis inattenta, 138.
Euspinolia, n. gen., 325, 328.
Euthrips tritici in New Mexico, 262.
Evans, J. D., articles by, 239, 288, 317.
54.
Ker-
Feltia Hudsonii, n. sp., 130.
«< obligua, n. Sp., 129.
Feralia Columbiana, n. sp., 9.
FERNALD, C. H., articles by,
FERNALD, H. T., articles by,
FERNALD, Mrs. C.
go.
FLETCHER, J., article by, 109.
Forest-insect explorations, 59.
FRENCH, G. H., article by, 343.
23, 2060.
269, 333:
Eee articles by, 22,
Fyues, T. W., articles by, 23, 75, 234-
Gastrophilus epilepsalis, 320, 333.
GIBSON, ARTHUR, articles by, 17, 111
Gnathias, n. gen., 175.
os cuneatus, 1. Sp., 175, 170.
ovatus, n. sp., 175, 176.
table of species, 175.
Grabhamia Curriei, 312.
be WALA, Ney Soy Blige
es SS lavas aus) (tie)
GRAENICHER, S., article by, 162.
GROTE, A. R., articles by, 77, 109, 139,
20750 23) 2579 S42
Grote, Professor A. R., death of, 294.
Guerinius, n. gen., 100.
Gynandromorphism in Lucanus elaphus,
205 (fig.).
ce
ee
Hadena (Xylophasia) cerivana, 134.
ae
SOFQ, 1.aSpe,, 133°
Halictoides marginatus, 334.
oa maurus, 334.
Halictus aberrans, 0. sp., 336.
ss amicus, var., 342.
ee galpinsi@, n. Sp-, 342.
“ ovaliceps, 342.
HARRINGTON, W. H., articles by, 15,
37) 89.
fledychridium amabile, n. sp., 262.
Hemaris tityus, larva, 45.
Hlemithynnus, n. gen., 101, 107.
Hepialus argenteomaculatus, egg and
young larva of, 340.
Hessian Fly reared in laboratory, 316.
HINE, J. S., article by, 244.
Holonomada, n. gen., 177-
a table of species, 1
Homoporus Vassiliefi, 0. sp-5 33
Homoptera, new N. American, 227.
Hopkins, A. D., article by, 59.
Hormisa =Litognatha, 237:
House-boat collecting trip in China, 79.
HowarbD, L. O., article by, 138.
os «« lecture at Toronto, 338.
Hydreecia appassionata, 91.
* purpurifascia, 92.
Hyles euphorbiz larva, 45.
77°
2:
350 INDEX TO VOLUME XXXV.
{{lymenoptera, new Phytophagous, 233.
Hyménopteres d'Europe et d’Algerie,
Les Mutillides: André, 409.
Hypolepus Viereckti, n. sp., 47.
Hypolimnas misippus, 292.
Insect Life, Elementary Studies in:
Hunter, 142.
Insect World, The :
Insects used medicinally in
Isodontia apicalis, 269.
a eciegans, 269.
ss Azteca, 269.
exornata, n. Sp:, 270.
macrocephala, 269.
Isodontia macrocephala, var. cinerea,
MENS rflly Beier
Isodontia tibialis, 269.
ue table of species, 269.
Isosoma apterum, 333-
es eremitum, 333-
Lsotiphia, n. gen., 43.
oe nigra, 0. Sp., 43.
Nawa, 294.
China, 86.
JOHNSON, W.G., article by, 216.
Joint-worm Parasite from Russia, 332.
KEEN, J. H., article by, 125.
KinG, G. B., article by, 191.
Alugianus, n. gen., 102.
KUSNEZOV, N. J., article by, 343.
Lasiocampa quercus, larva, 45.
Lepidoptera of North America, List of :
Dyar, 48, 140, 237, 257-
Lepidoptera of N. America, List of:
Smith, 321.
Lepidoptera in British Columbia, 275.
Lepidosaphes versus Mytilaspis, go.
Leptomydas venosus, 245,
Leucospilomutilla, n. gen., 310.
Liburnia Slossoni, n. sp., 231.
Lucanus elaphus, Gynandromorphism
in, 205 (fig.).
Lyczena comyntas, 187.
s Scudderii, 187.
Lygus Chagnoni, n. sp., 214.
Lyman, H. H., article by:, 339.
Mamestra laudabilis, life-history, 273.
ss orida, 1. Sp., 12.
MARLATT, C. L., articles by, 53, 79.
Mediterranean Flour-moth, 216.
Megachile frugalis, 215.
3 inimica, 215.
sf mendica, 216.
ae montivaga, 215.
“S pruina, 215.
ee
relativa, 216.
Melissodes brevicornis, 334.
Methocinz, table of genera, 155.
Microwetsea, n. nom., 38.
Microweisea, N. American species of,
38.
Migration of butterflies, 219.
Milesia bella, 246.
Mimecomutilla, n. gen., 327, 329.
Miscellaneous notes, 339.
Morrat, J. A., articles by, 35, 66, 108,
210,
Morri_t, A. W., articles by, 25 (plate),
22m
Mutillidze of
André, 49.
Mutillidze, table of subfamilies, 303.
Mutillinze, table of tribes, 304.
Mutillini, table of genera, 323.
Myiolepta aurinota, n. sp., 245.
Myrmosidez, table of subfamilies, 199.
Myrmosinz, table of tribes, 201.
Myrmosini, table of genera, 201.
Myzinidz, table of genera, 4.
Europe and Algiers:
Natural History of the British Lepi-
doptera: Tutt, 23, 44, 88.
Nectarophora agrimoniella, n. sp., 168.
uC baccharidis, n. sp., 254.
Californica, n. sp., 254.
corallorhizé, n. sp., 167.
es heleniella, n. sp. 169.
a aSMIN1, N. SP., 252.
J , P+» 25
BC lutea, 167.
o lycopersici, N. Sp., 253.
oe
Martini, n. sp., 169.
rhamnt, n. sp., 254.
as rudbeckiz, 167.
rudbeckiarum, n. sp., 168.
solidaginis, 167.
table of species, 252.
valeriani@, N. Sp., 253-
NEEDHAM, J. G., article by, 36.
Nemeophila Scudderi, 339.
Neopasites heliopsis, 334.
cs Illinoiensis, 334.
Neophotopsis, n. gen., 306.
Neuronia=Epineuronia, 258.
Nisoniades Llano, n. sp., 78.
Noctua Trumant, n. sp., 128.
ai el
INDEX TO VOLUME XXXV. 351
Noctuids, corrections of Dr. Dyar’s
List, 237, 257.
Noctuids, new, for 1903,—9, 127,
(plate).
Nomada grindelia, 334.
ce
table of species, 178.
Nomadinz, synopsis of, 172.
cS table of genera, 173.
Oak-gall; a new, 217.
Odontzeus obesus, 89.
Ccanthus Forbest, n. sp., 260.
Ologlyptus Texanus, 1. sp., 72.
Orthoptera of Indiana: Blatchley, 293.
OSTEN SACKEN, BARON C. R.: Record
of my life-work in Entomology, 344.
Ottawa Field Naturalists’ Club, Ento-
mological branch, 89.
Pachygastria trifolii iarva, 45, 88 (fig.).
Pamphila Leonardus, 188.
Panurginus Nebrascensis, n. sp. 335-
SO SEO ACOUNE NG SP+) 335+
Papaipema, new histories in, g1.
Papilio brevicauda, 340.
Paranomia Venablesii, n. sp., 243.
Pecos, N. Mex., Entomology of, 342.
Pedilophorus acuminatus, 180, 181.
zeneolus, 179, 181.
ae hesperus, n. sp., 180, 182.
es Lecontez, n. sp., 180.
ut oblongus, 181.
ee subcanus, 182.
Perdita maura, 334.
os zebrata, 335.
Peringueya, n. gen., 329.
Phenacaspis, n. gen., 48.
: nysse, 48.
Phenococcus Cockerelli, n. sp. 195.
Phelpsius collitus, n. sp., 227.
os Franconiana, n. sp., 228.
os lippulus, n. sp., 227.
se pauperculus, n. sp., 228.
Phloeosinus punctatus, 60.
Phoebis argante, 221.
Phor, n. gen., 177.
TLE Se tel 7/776
Photopsidini, table of genera, 304.
Phyllodinus flabellatus, n. sp., 232.
Physorhinus yucce, 0. sp., 67.
Pieridz, migration in Venezuela, 219.
Pine trees, insects injuring, 59.
Platylabus, Wesmael, the genus, 275.
Us table of species, 277 (figs.).
es Luzernensis, n.Sp., 279, 282.
|
Platylabus metallicus, n.
Platyphora Lubbocki, 21.
Podisma, genus, in Eastern
America, 295 (plate).
Podisma Sica 295.
Podisma glacialis Canadensis,
race, 300.
Podisma variegata, 295.
Pontania Bozemant, n. sp., 197 (figs.).
Preoccupied Names, 38, 90, 207, 213,
SP., 277;
North
new
237250.
Pristomutilla, n. gen., 329.
Protandrenopsis, n. gen., 337:
oe SJuscipe nntS, Ne SPp., 337
Psammothynnus, n. gen., 102, 106.
Pseudelurus, n. gen., 99.
Pseudanaphora mora, 76.
Pseudanarta, authorship of, 257, 341.
Pseudelaphroptera, n. gen., rot.
Pseudotiphia, n. gen., 6.
Psithyrus insularis, 225 (figs.).
ol latitarsus, n. sp., 224 (figs.).
Ptinidze, new species from Texas, 263.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, subsp.
Bethelz, n. subsp., 195.
Pycnothynnus, 0. gen., 101, 105.
Pyrota Dakotana, n. sp., 73.
QUAINTANCE, A. L., article by, 61.
Radoszkowskius, n. gen., 327, 328.
Ranatra fusca, cerdalation and habits,
226
eho
Rancora albicinerea, n. sp., 137.
5 albida, 136.
oe Brucez, n. sp., 136.
Ot serraticornis, 135.
solidaginis, 135.
S strigata, 135.
Reed, Edmund Baynes, biographical
sketch and portrait, 51.
Rhagigasterine, table of genera, 156.
Rhopalosiphum Grabhami, n. sp., 342.
Rhopalosoma Poeyi, 43.
hi the genus, 43.
Rhopalosomidz, the family, 43.
ROBERTSON, C., articles by, 172,
Samia Californica, ad. parvimacula,
SANDERSON, E. D., article by, 158.
Sapygide, table of genera, 3.
Sarracenia (Pitcher-plant),
found in, 91.
Saunders, W. E., biographical sketch
and portrait of, 1.
insects
Sawfly, a new, 197 (figs.).
Say, Thomas, the Tomb of, 94, 138.
Sayomyta, n. gen., 190.
Be punctipennis, 190.
Scale insects in China, 82.
SCHAEFFER, C., article by, 263.
SCHWARZ, E. A., article by, 54.
Scoliidz, table of subfamilies, 7.
Scoliinz, table of genera, 7.
Scopelosoma Colorado, 138.
Sesia stellatarum larva, 45.
Siavana rigida, n. sp., 14.
Siricoidea, Arctic, 15.
Stosson, Mrs. A. T., article by, 183.
Smilia, the Coccinellid genus, 38.
Smilia = Microweisea, 38.
SmiITH, JOHN B., articles by, 9, 127
(plate).
Sphecodogastra Texana, 336.
Spiders, Classification of North Ameri-
can: Comstock, 294.
Spilomutilla, n. gen., 324.
Spilothynnus, n. gen., 103, 104.
Steganoptycha pyricolana, life-history,
158 (figs.).
Stelis lateralis, 334.
STEVENSON, C., articles by, 89, 214.
Stictococcus, n. gen., 64.
a Sjostedti, n. sp., 64.
Stretchia = Acerra, 258.
SwENkK, M. H., article by, 268.
Tabanus hyalinipennis, n. sp., 244.
Tachardia aurantiaca, n. sp., 65.
Telea polyphemus, ad. flava, 110.
Telea polyphemus, spinning methods,
139.
Tenthredinoidea, Arctic, 15.
Tetraphotopsis, n. gen., 305-
Tetrascolia, n. gen., 8.
Thamnotettix orbonata, n. sp., 229.
Ps Shermant, n. Sp., 230.
ss waldana, n. sp., 229.
Thecla Titus, egg of, 340.
THEOBALD, F. V., articles by, 211, 311.
Theobaldia incidens, 311.
Thynnide, table of subfamilies, 96.
Thynnidea, n. gen., 98, 104, 105.
Thynnine, table of genera, 97.
|
INDEX TO VOLUME XXXvV.
Tiyreopus latipes, aberration, 38.
Tiphiide, table of genera, 39.
Titus, E. S. G., articles by, 213; 260.
Tosquinet, Dr. Pierre-Jules, death
Ol, 22s
Trichodesma pulchella, n. sp., 264.
os Texana, n. sp., 263.
Triepeolus, table of species, 284.
ee micropygtus, . Sp., 286.
Trifurcula, note on the generic title,
139.
Trigonophora= Habryntis, 259.
Tutt’s ‘‘ British Lepidoptera,” 23, 44,
88.
Vespoidea, classification of the super-
family, 3, 39) 95; 155) 199; 303;
323-
Viereckia, n. gen., 324, 329.
WaLkER, E. M., article by, 295
(plate).
WASHBURN, F. L., articles by, 316,
320.
WasManvy, E., article by, 74.
Wasmann, Dr., a few last words to:
Casey, 108.
Wasp, male with female antenna, 37.
Wasps, classification of the Fossorial,
Predaceous and Parasitic, 3, 39,
95) 155) 199; 393, 323:
WEBSTER, F. M., article by, 94.
Weith, R. J., obituary notice, 36.
WickHaM, H. F., articles by, 67, 179,
205, 207.
WILLIAMS, J. B., article by, 187.
Xanthidium, n. gen., 177.
<< dentaria, n. sp., 178.
se table of species, 177.
Xenomutilla, n. gen., 330:
NXiphydria erythrogaster, 0. Sp., 233-
Xvlophasia ferens, n. Sp. 134.
Xylotrechus 4-maculatus, 240.
Zaspilothynnus, N. FeN., 99, 107s
ES
2cii 4
ERRATUM.
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