. * . °F a. iFAe19 4 FT eee Siutins Bisistenesy siete’ eerereeiiens filet ee ie siritirets t . ae ee “—* © 8 rien ve Sreses "y 7 ane ae + ts Fete Ve ree, vee re ot ba ate oe ee . ere, . : bein 203s bs te EST ht pie ope ke ha . ‘ ‘ Ca aed Vive ee eee te . -* soe ** theeeee re Whviews tees ‘ . Rae oe TUL TS . hevren AT MOT ot aa ey LJ * oe V0 + ae wees Se trie reer es ’ ove ower Piswe ; oe wee ote : ssitatits Loh o0 Se oe Oe 0 Se ee oe oe Ps ; ret U @.-e_e.« to ’ Dep N , ‘ Pt. 4) De: et y. Pens ee ; aes s px ET labo P \ ¢ oA ba 3 A iM RETURN TO WOODS HOLE, MASS. LIBRARY OF MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY LOANED BY AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY aa tee Gera DO eh A OS td Dae RT ge SA ARS PRS EON Re No SIO! Fo: Ae —s | sweae re YY pee {las ets ey ae Le Rs Ze a ” CENTRAL PARK, _ }} Op NEW YORK. o& NATURAL Welz Os Canadian Entomologist NOAM EY xX Oe: PIERIS PROTODICE. EDITED BY Rev. Co JeSepethune, MOA. DCE FR Se: LONDON, ONTARIO. ASSISTED BY Dr. J. Fletcher and W. H. Harrington, Ottawa ; H. H. Lyman, Montreal; J. D. Evans, Trenton ; Prof. Lochhead, Guelph. London, Ontario: The London Printing and Lithographing Company, Limited 1gol. a4 % ; Sar =) rt! 7 he , ’ f Aiay ) .’ pi i : br ; | 1S oe LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO VOL. XXXIll. NSIEUVEES AD «Wis Eliot eee hams sete eiee wakerroetar ci eer WASHINGTON, D. C. BANISTES EES D4 5 Sree ect ere es eae eae rye ten atcha, eel a FORT COLLINS, COLO. BRAGS: INUASTRETIAN Pern arith itkever io orncies ssktkateies EAST END, VA. BARNES: IDR. WoeeTAMe nen en cise cher eer ore DECATUR, ILL. IB/ANI PL 2 OH DIBA MOP VL cd 2 A cn zat oan ten irene metatarsals CLARENDON, VT. BETHUNE, REV. C. J. S. (The Editor).. .. .... LONDON, ONT. RU = EINES NGIRSN Meera ceca wericne oc ieue chen gras Tecra RYvE. NG Yes IR: CNG eormererercy toyro) a) ee cy si eradiage war arc eteeeh LONDON, ENGLAND. BUS GRAN OHG US Mitre fe Aas Seie she avs Sisats suelo aka ats WASHINGTON, D. C. GiIAUR VeS IVI ROR co ataveyat toa cpeen nn A, Uegregers erate ...NELIGH, NEB. CASE YARVEAVORG HOS ee aces alc hangs stare ic St. Louts, Mo. (CYMOU DIE IL ILa ING TIN [Biante elt ce each Nee nnd ees deers rary chy ieee WASHINGTON, D. C. COCGKERELEE PROE: dis WD An See sea Saree East Las VEGAS, NEw MEx. COGIERIPTIT YMRS S SW beni ston theta eens East Las VEGAS, NEw MEx. (COMIWILIVIS TWIG IDA Monin dian otic poe cise cb ace 6 oe WASHINGTON, D. C. IB) ENP OAEAW ALEC Heavies he ig shoo e. Rloniectrc ue aradcl cous nichete enone CALCUTTA, INDIA. IDXOUD), [Raat AO ALE Goa ie a eect eeale age ani ctoncinen feric CALGARY, ALBERTA. OID) Gi SIAC pyc ie toate ee aes ee eeege LoursiaANa, Mo. IDXOUBXG EGS M Gia ay UE Bapens wie eine a a en's ceca Moar eiehd aionnet as os LoOvuISsIANA, Mo. DONA ee DIRS DEV AIRIRMS ©IN! (Gree cas sent lsrets s akceaaees WASHINGTON, D. C. TPUANIL A be UG fell Change Se eae an, oP ae | Se A pe drole eee aa PASADENA, CALIF. BEM CEE Res DIR=” PANIES (ses atursceraie saree OTTAWA. 1 EU] Pal VIN(V [ot od BI REC) Seat Creel [ae ee eat a PEE yee ed CARBONDALE, ILL. GBS ON IARI WR mete sys ors cae seh ne ene caeteaeue areas OTTAWA. (Gi © ONO MBA eR oetcee sad stesso eee ate ayctabete torso Aen WOOSTER, OHIO. GRUNIN EEE ORD ViG Be” [Ris es te > cae toes ener PASADENA, CALIF. GRO MEAS RAI) CICT RBS SVE M A ere oie ate ona HILDESHEIM, GERMANY. TF APAUINDESTY SGV re Nea ei cc), ease Necnense) eters weetvere se eeoe Rene tale VANCOUVER, B. C. AUR RATING @ Nem Vie) ELA GIR toe i Sine, ues ole OTTAWA. EUAN Say DAV EAURD) 1») OUIBIGE IDA = 22 cscs ane NEw YORK. JEU YANIM lS TE TUTE SOMES ote A eet pecheh cums Bioeo oicnaro CARTWRIGHT, MANITOBA. ELINED) Se Wipe Eee perce sos Aenea .g hie apd altered AMHERST, MAss. FLING, AIMEE SeSieras. = Meroe site ects clan OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY. HOWARD: OID Rea @ i paeriere tr ps J 0u rawr Raat las ue WASHINGTON, D. C. KING: GEORG EQ Bit cee ears c5,: ee ae LAWRENCE, MAss. KNAUSS “WIATRURIB Niger ener rie Osos cern ee McPHERSON, KANSAS. TE WeIVLAUN ELIE NRSV oe eM pe Aereteee sae ccrc oe crataciece MONTREAL. ViACGIEE IV RAY, (Am De rerery teen tens cicncterne lees ITHACA, N. Y. INI@ MEAS is" ALS T OIN Geet teeter tae aie oop ete eae LONDON, ONT. MORIGE.“ RIS. EF.) Deere ee eter eee eee ENGLAND. MOR SESE ROE Ay. Pee epee eee ene eee WELLESLEY, MaAss. NSD EVA PROF - J. Ge errata crear” LAKE Forest, ILL. INU QUIRS TRS SY a/R 6 Ae ooo Se) re MONTREAL. OSEORN ERO. EER BE Rae e eee ase COLUMBUS, OHIO. 127/ANI RO ROFI RGN ol Bel (og RR a Gece dicy Gi pace RECN ee GENEVA, N. Y. PON Gear @ ae Ol Gy ls Sk aa ee cca ears Quincy, ILL. FEEEUIN Ra AUIS SAS, Gi... 2 5 ne eee ee ieee PHILADELPHIA, PA ROBE RES ONG (GEAR LE S\.,.... cee eieieiciees sleisais CARLINVILLE, ILL. SAINID EI SONE sa WG EID tc tases seen tenes NEWARK, DEL. SCUDDDPRABDIReSS AIVIWIEIE, El) 22205 eee eae CAMBRIDGE, MASss. SMUT Hi RNO Ra, UB i SC. ID! i. sheer tie ees NEw BRUNSWICK, N. J. STEVENSON GH ARIE Sic 5.2). 2. Soe ee ae MONTREAL. SIRE INTIS SAS GPhone coe certs PN Socks may t). 2a OS eee URBANA, ILL. AROS RA DETEINES I L-OO\ URS Res ates etre er eR ea UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO. NY GAN) 5 =, TN ah, WCE RE ob 4a TORONTO. VAS MIAN ING RMD 8 Si) Ys choc sa: oc) 5, heyateeeperaenate LUXEMBOURG. GE Sie ReSareIN@) Byer et Mine ir cpsnes: en eee ee ie WOOSTER, OHIO. RABIES) AG a Re bie a peeve oh aisctien Soin, = Ore eae aa arene Boston, Mass. VESIGISETEY VRP IRR G eo cocheb eter att suche aici crac cies atrep abou eoee tolls ELKHART, IND. VA CIKGETA Mic PROS Miles eis 2 (se cs. Ree ek UEC Auten Iowa City, IOWA. VA TERS a2 B15] BGR Site a la eo a MONTREAL. AY (COATING. VG RSIS a S807 a a ak ec ea UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, r] 4 i ii “3 CAN. ENT., VOL. XXXII. PLATE |. J. ALSTON MOFFAT. LIBRARIAN AND CURATOR, ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF ONTARIO. | The Canadian Entomologist VoL. XXXIII. LONDON, JANUARY, trogotr. No. 1 LIFE-HISTORY ‘OF XYLINA BETHUNE!, G. &°R. BY HENRY H. LYMAN, MONTREAL. On the evening of 17th of April, 1898, a 2 of this species entered my room, and was bottled and not looked at again until the morning of the roth, when it was found that the cyanide in the bottle was exhausted and that the moth was still alive and had laid a considerable number of eggs. The eggs were distributed through the cotton wool at the bottom of the bottle, and this had to be carefully pulled to pieces thread by thread to secure the eggs. The following description was taken: Egg.—Somewhat of gumdrop shape, .60 mm. in diameter, wider than high. Many low ribs rising from the base, the whole surface pitted with rather large depressions having the appearance near the apex of short transverse striz. Colour when laid, creamy with a tinge of green, soon turning whitish and then soon showing a mottling of brownish red. Later they turned darker, but the mottling remained; hatching 1st and 2nd May. Egg period about 14 days. Young larva.—Stage I: Length, at rest, 1.42 mm.;in motion, 1.70 mm. Head large, considerably exceeding the 2nd segment, lower part projecting forward. Colour creamy white, but with a darker interior shade beginning at the 3rd segment and extending about two-thirds to anal end, but darker and more marked on the anterior segments. Sete long, concolorous, as are also the feet and claspers. The larve were offered wild cherry, red-oak bud, hawthorn, silver maple, white birch, willow, plantain, ash, apple. They ate several of the foods offered, but preferred cherry, maple or apple ; hawthorn, birch and plantain were noi touched. By the 5th May the general colour was a pale green, the interior shade being dark green, though some did not show the darker interior shade, being uniformly pale green. Passing 1st moult 7th May; described gth May. 2 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. After 1st moult.—Stage II: Length 6 mm. Head pale greenish with a few white hairs, ocelli black. Body pale green, dark green interiorly, with a whitish subdorsal line, and a similar subspiracular line. Warts whitish. By the 12th some had passed 2nd moult. After 2nd moult.—Stage III: Length 8.60-9.40 mm. Head pale horn colour. Body green, darker, especially interiorly, above, yellowish green below. There is now a very broken dorsal line of short white dashes. The warts are conspicuous, being of a shiny white, like glazed china. Setz short and whitish; spiracles very inconspicuous. These larve are sometimes restless, but do not tend to stray from the food-plant. They constantly spin threads, so that when picked up with a camel’s-hair pencil they are sometimes pulled back by the thread. While under observation one began to clear away the frass from the maple leaf it was on, picking the pieces up with its jaws and throwing them aside. One mass so thrown consisted of six or more pellets stuck together. By the 15th nearly all had passed the 3rd moult. After 3rd moult.—Stage IV: Length, at rest, 12 mm.; in motion, 14.5 mm. Very evenly cylindrical, but with a slight fullness about the 12th segment. Head very pale green with a few whitish hairs, mouth- parts whitish, ocelli rather inconspicuous. Body green with yellowish shades, especially at the segmental folds. Warts as before. The white lines are the same as before, but the subspiracular fold is strongly marked and is yellowish white. There is an indication by white dots of another line between the subspiracular fold and sub- dorsal stripe. ‘The spiracles are small and very inconspicuous. Feet and claspers pale greenish. Passing 4th moult 17th May. - After 4th moult.—Stage V: Length, at rest, 15.6 mm. Head, 2nd and 13th segments, light green, rest of body yellowish green. Warts and stripes as before, white. Setze pale yellowish, subspiracular fold yellow- ish white, feet and claspers light green. On 22nd nine out of fourteen in one jar were found to have passed the 5th moult, and the appearance of the larva is now entirely changed. After 5th moult.—Stage VI: Length, at rest, 24 mm.; in motion, 28 mm. Head pale greenish horn colour mottled with blackish green. Body THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. o greenish gray, mottled on part above the subspiracular fold with velvety black. Top of the second segment almost solidly black, with a thin pale horn colour dorsal line, the warts very small and similar in colour to dorsal line. This black patch is bordered on the sides by a whitish line, and below is a clear greenish wedge-shape space, wider anteriorly; below this it is mottled in black to the subspiracular band. Dorsal stripe from 3rd segmeat to 13th yellow, shaded with orange. Warts distinct, white like glazed porcelain. Sete rather weak, pale in colour. On 8th to 11th segments there are two small white dots like warts in advance of wart 1., at about same distance from i. as ll. is. These spots are a little further from the dorsal line than i., but not quite as far as 11. Subdorsal stripe broken up into a line of spots, subspiracular fold broad, cream colour; just above this a black band of varying width, widest at the spiracles, which show upon it as white ovals; between this and the subdorsal stripe there is a series of white dots. The black mottling tends to be grouped about the warts and other white dots. The top of the 12th segment is slightly swollen. Below the sub- spiracular fold the body is pale green with only a powdering of black atoms about the warts v. and vi. Feet and claspers pale green. On 23rd May I noticed that there were only 13 larve in the jar where there had been 14, and it is possible that one had been eaten, though they had never been short of food. In the other jar cannibalism, which is a characteristic of this group, had evidently been practised, as evidenced by the remaining anal extremity of a larva which had apparently been devoured when in process of moulting. I therefore separated them into four jars so that they should have more room. One larva was of a much grayer tone than the average, being wanting in the greenish shade. The larvae were mature about the end of May, the colour as usual changing just before the pupation, the greenish shade of the upper area giving place to a pinkish tinge. The length of the mature larva is 31-32 mm. The larva enters the ground and makes a close cocoon of grayish silk and pellets of earth. The pupa is of the usual noctuid type. The moths began to appear about the 29th July, and continued to emerge for a week or ten days. This is very much earlier than they would have emerged had they been subjected to the vicissitudes of their natural life out of doors. 4 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NEW JASSIDAZ FROM THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN AND PACIFIC REGION. BY E. D. BALL, FORT COLLINS, COLO. The following species, with a few exceptions, were taken by Mr. EK. P. Van Duzee and the author while on a very interesting and success- ful trip through southern and western Colorado during the latter part of July, r900. These species are all strictly south-western in distribution as far as known, and most of them were found feeding on one or another of the peculiar plants of that region. While collecting in the valley of the Grand River, a number of species of Homoptera were taken, hitherto only known from the Californian region, and it is very probable that in turn several of these species, which were taken along with them, will, eventually, be found in California. HECALUS BRACTEATUS, N. sp. Resembling drunneus, the elytra shorter in the female, longer in the male. Head longer and thinner. Female, pale yellow. Male, milk- white with fuscous lines. Length, 9 7mm., ¢ 5mm. Width, ¢ 1.5 mm, 01-25 mm. Female.—Vertex long, with a foliaceous margin, disc transversely convex, the lateral margins but slightly narrowed for half the length, then forming a parabolic curve. Length and width in front of eyes about equal,two and one-fourth times the lengthof the pronotum. Elytra brachyp- terous, covering the first abdominal segment, as long as the vertex, their apices rounding. Venation reduced, a broad margin outside of the first section, which is once forked, no apical and rarely more than one ante- apical cell present. Maie.—Vertex roundingly triangular, its basal width one-third greater than its length, slightly longer than pronotum, margin not foli- aceous. Elytra long and narrow, much longer than abdomen, venation distinct, somewhat irregular, usually the second cross nervure present, forming three anteapical cells, of which the second is much the longer. Colour: female pale yellow or straw colour, the elytra with a few fuscous dots next the nervures ; abdomen with a pair of olive stripes on each side, these stripes margined with dotted fuscous lines, a similar median line. Sometimes the olive stripes disappear, leaving the abdo- men with nine dotted fuscous lines. Male milky white, sometimes with five olive stripes, dotted with fuscous, on vertex and pronotum. Elytra THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 5 with the milk-white nervures margined with fuscous dots. Upper half of the face fuscous. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of the female as long as the penultimate, the posterior margin roundingly emarginate, with a broad blunt tooth. Male, valve triangular, plates triangular, the margins slightly concave, fringed with stcut spines ; plates about three times the length of the valve. Described from numerous specimens from Rocky Ford, Colo. This species is apparently intermediate in structure between this genus and Parabolocratus. The females are all brachypterous and have the elon- gate head of a Heca/us, while the males are long-winged and have the short vertex of Parabolocratus. ATHYSANUS SYMPHORICARPA, Nn. Sp. Form and size of éustadzlis, lighter coloured, resembling s¢vzatudus, but larger and lighter testaceous. Length, 4.5 mm.; width, 1 mm. Vertex twice wider than long, half longer at apex than against eye, rounding to the broad almost parallel margined front, clypeus much narrower than apex of front, parallel margined. Elytra stout, longer than body as in zustadilis, the central anteapical cell long, narrowed in the middle, more than half its length beyond the apex of clavus. Colour: vertex and face yellowish testaceous, lines on front and irrorations on vertex fusco-testaceous. Pronotum and scutellum paler, with a slightly olive tinge. Elytra pale brownish or olive testaceous, subhyaline, the nervures light. Legs and all below pale orange testaceous. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of the female little longer than the penultimate, the lateral margins narrowing, the lateral angles a little produced, triangular, between these the posterior margin is slightly rounding, shining black. One specimen has an acutely angular notch either side the middle, one-third the distance to the margin, leaving a broad central tooth ; one has only one notch ; and two, probably not having copulated, have none. Described from four females from Ridgeway, Colo. ATHYSANUS VARUS, 0. sp. Form and colour of a/pinus and extrusus, but with a narrower body and longer elytra. Male darker, resembling p/utonius female. Length, 9? 5mm., ¢ 4.25 mm. Width, 9? 1.5 mm., f a little over 1 mm. 6 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Vertex roundingly triangular, twice wider than long, two-thirds the length of the pronotum, disc convex, rounding to front, apex bluntly conical ; front broad and flat, width between antenne a little less than three-fourth its length. Elytra long, the outer margins almost parallel, their apices very broadly rounding. Venation strong, often accessory cross nervures along clavus and between sectors of corium ; central ante- apical cell very long, the posterior end angularly enlarged. Colour: ground colour a dirty straw-yellow ; vertex with a trans- verse band just back of the ocelli, the ends of which do not reach the eye, but curve forward to the front ; another interrupted band half way between this and the posterior margin and two dashes curving away from the apex and paralleling the other bands, black. Elytra with the nervures white, the cells mostly filled with dark fuscous, omitting a transverse, hyaline, band across the juncture of apical and anteapical cells, a large milk-white patch on the cross nervures between the sectors, a smaller one at the apex of each claval nervure and sometimes another next to the claval suture. Face, dirty yellow arcs on front, especially on upper half; sutures, spots around the antennal sockets and the disc of the clypeus, fuscous. Male much darker than female, lower part of face and below black. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of the female one-half longer than penultimate, posterior margin nearly truncate, the median third roundingly produced ; usually the segment is curved over the ovipositor so that it appears emarginate, with a quite pronounced median lobe; male valve less than half as long as its breadth at base, the apex rounding; plates no wider than the valve, slightly concavely triangular, the apex acute, two and one-half times the length of the valve, clothed with stout white spines. Described from ten females and one male from Fort Collins, Colo. Readily distinguished from any other American species by the genitalia and venation. There is a group of about six European species that possess the same milk-white elytral markings, of which @stinguendus and Schenkii are similar in form, but none of them in venation and genital characters. THAMNOTETTIX GRAECULA, N. Sp. Form of flavocapitata nearly, but stouter; as large as Coguilletti, which it somewhat resembles in colour. Length, 2? 5.5 mm., ¢ 5 mm. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 7 Vertex roundingly angular, the apex conical, scarcely two-thirds as long as its breadth at base, half longer than against eye; disc convex, rounding to the front except at apex; front broad, rather flat ; clypeus broadest just before the rounding apex. Pronotum a little over half longer than vertex; elytra rather stout. Venation peculiar, resembling /onguda, except that the outer anteapical cell is pointed and petiolate anteriorly and the outer fork of first sector is very faint. Male smaller and with a blunter vertex. Colour: pale yellowish olive ; the female has two large spots within the basal angle and two smaller ones on the disc of the scutellum and the cross nervures between the sectors brown. Elytra with slight reddish cast. The males have no marking on scutellum, the elytra are distinctly embrowned, especially along the claval and apical areas. In both sexes there are a number of oval subhyaline areas. In the males there are three approximate pairs along the sutural margin. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of female half longer than penultimate, the lateral angle rounding, the posterior margin triangularly emarginate from the lateral angles half way to the base ; from the bottom arises a strap-shaped tooth equalling the lateral angles ; male valve broadly evenly rounding. ‘The plates, concavely, triangularly acuminate, about twice the length of the valve. Described from one female and three males from Rifle, Durango and Colorado Springs, Colo. SCAPHOIDEUS BLANDUS, Nl. Sp. Form and general appearance of jucundus, smaller and paler, lacking the reddish tinge of that species. Costal margin of elytra with numerous regular cells. Length, 5 mm.; width, 1.10 mm. Vertex right-angled back to the eyes, which round off, not quite as long as its basal width, disc flat, margins straight, vertex and face forming an acute angle; front, margins straight, clypeus very slightly broadened below. Pronotum as long as vertex, more than half of its length within the curve of the vertex. Elytra, claval veins but slightly curved apically, usually a cross nervure from outer one to suture and often several irregular ones between the veins, outer anteapical cell usually with one cross nervure to the costa, sometimes several, costal margin with numerous, indistinct, almost equidistant nervures which are perpen- dicular to the margin. 8 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Colour: almost uniform dull yellow, the anterior margin of vertex pale, faintly margined with brown. Elytra with oval light spots, which are milky on clavus and subhyaline white on corium; the three pairs along the sutural margin are very regular. Below pale yellow. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of female twice wider than long, posterior margin rounding, variably trisinuate either side of a narrow median incision; the inner pair of lobes usually largest, lateral angles rounding, disc with a dark spot, pygofers short, strongly inflated in the middle. Male valve small, bluntly triangular; plates rather broad, the basal half rounding, apical half triangularly narrowing to the blunt tips, two and one-half times longer than valve, the flat lateral margins separated from the convex disc by a dark line. Described from numerous specimens from Rifle, Ridgway, Dolores and Durango, Colo. The quadrangular cells along the costa will readily separate this from any described form. SCAPHOIDEUS FUMIDUS, 0. sp. Resembling 4/andus in form and size. Colour rich testaceous brown, the margins of vertex and pronotum and apex of elytra white. Length, 5 mm.; width, 1.5 mm. Vertex right-angled, slightly shorter than its basal width, lateral margins slightly rounding, disc flat or slightly transversely depressed on the middle ; outline of face as seen from the side straight, front rapidly widening above antennal pits, regularly narrowing below ; clypeus short, constricted in the middle, gene broadly margining the lore below. Pronotum slightly longer than vertex. Elytra rather long and narrow behind ; outer claval vein nearly straight, venation obscured by the deep colour, except in the apical cells, nodal vein arising from beyond the middle of the outer anteapical cell. Colour: rich testaceous brown, vertex lighter, the lateral margins of vertex and pronotum and the costal margin of elytra at base creamy white, the apex of corium from just beyond the clavus and including all the apical cells and the apices of the two outer anteapical cells, subhya- line white. Sometimes a few oval white spots in the testaceous portion of elytra. Face and below pale creamy yellow. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of female with a_ broad, triangular, median notch, either side of which there is a broad rounding lobe which slopes away to a small triangular lobe next the lateral angle ; THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 9 male valve small, not as long as the. ultimate segment, roundingly triangular ; plates narrow, long, triangular, their apices acute. Described from ten specimens from Rifle, Dolores and Durango, Colo. The white margins anteriorly and the sharply defined tip to the elytra against the rich ground colour render this an easily recognized species. The general shape and colour suggest the genus /V/atymetopius, but the shorter vertex and the face characters place it with Scaphoideus. Such species as this weaken generic characters and at the same time help us in that they show affinities. PHLEPSIUS VANDUZEI, N. sp. Form and general appearance of cimereus, but much larger ; stouter built than even webudosus; grayish cinereous, with a trilobate commissural line. Length, 8 mm. ; width, 2.75 mm, Vertex very bluntly conical, one-fourth longer on middle than against eye, three-fifths the length of the pronotum, no visible line between it and front ; front not quite as long as its basal width, the apex one-third the width at base ; clypeus long, wedge-shaped, broadest below ; pronotum two and one-third times wider than long. Elytra broad, longer than the body, compressed before the flaring apex; claval veins sometimes tied across. Colour: dirty white, sometimes a pale yellow wash on vertex and pronotum. Vertex with a distinct round black spot on the middle of either side at the base, a few irregular dark vermiculations anteriorly, omitting a broad median line which extends down the front ; numerous short arcs on front, a spot on clypeus, a pair on lore, another pair just under eyes, fuscous. Pronotum and scutellum with very faint markings, elytral veins yellow and fuscous ; between them the membrane is very finely, sparsely, and somewhat irregularly vermiculate, omitting a broad commissural line, which is divided into three lobes by the apices of the claval nerves. The outer apical and two costal veins often very much infuscated, the spaces between clear. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of the female appearing only as a narrow strip along the pleura on either side ; in its place is a thin mem- brane shaped almost like the segment in afertus, with its rectangular median excavation, and showing beyond its posterior margin the rounded apices of the plates, near the middle line, and the rounding lobes of a second membrane near the lateral angles ; male valve triangular, the apex bluntly roundingly produced ; plates broad at base, roundingly triangular, 10 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. their apices produced, compressed, slightly divergent; disc, convex, inflated, a few appressed hairs along the margin; plates equalling the pygofers, nearly five times the length of the valve. Described from a pair taken at Rifle, Colo., by Mr. E. P. Van Duzee, and two females taken at Grand Junction the next day by the author. This large species is strikingly distinct in form, colour and genitalia, and it gives me great pleasure to name it after the man who has in the past so carefully worked out this genus for us, and whose energy and “ Kansas umbrella” taken together did so much to make this mountain trip both pleasurable and profitable to the author. PHLEPSIUS EXTREMUS, 0. sp. Very small, oval, depressed, with a flat, thick margined vertex ; resembling decorus and areol/atus in general appearance, but much smaller. Smaller than ovatus, head as wide as the pronotum. Length, 9 4.5 mm., 6 4mm.; width, 1.5 mm. Vertex flat, over three-fourths the length of the pronotum, over half longer on middle than at eye, not quite twice wider than long, the anterior margin thick, angle with front acute; front broad, nearly flat, longer than wide. Elytra short, oval, claval veins distinct. Colour: milky white, heavily irrorate with dark fuscous so that the general colour is dark without the reddish or brownish tinge so common in this genus ; vertex very heavily irrorate, omitting a narrow margin and median line. Pronotum with large olive brown spots along the anterior margin as in decorus and areo/atus. Elytra with numerous supernumerary veins and reticulations, irrorations almost obsolete except in a few dark spots around the apex and along the costa, one or two near the apex of clavus and two very distinct ones between the sectors of the corium. Front very heavily irrorate with brownish fuscous, rest of face and legs lighter. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of the female twice the length of the penultimate, the lateral angles broadly, roundingly produced, between these the margin is roundingly emarginate with minute angular teeth at the bottom. In the naturai position of the segment it appears to be angularly emarginate almost from the lateral margins ; male valve very small, broad and short, about one-fourth the length of the ultimate segment ; plates triangular, their apices hardly acute, a little longer than the ultimate segment. Described from two males and two females, three from Rifle and one THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. lel from Durango, Colo. One Rifle specimen from Mr. Van Duzee. This is as short as a/bédus, but much broader, and is quite distinct structurally from any other species with a flat vertex and a broad head. PHLEPSIUS DENUDATUS, N. Sp. Resembling ovatus, but broader and shorter. Even lighter coloured than a/éidus. Head broader than thorax. Form stout. Length, 4 mm.; width, 2 mm. Vertex blunt, rounding, twice wider than long; front broad, about one-fifth longer than wide, clypeus enlarged at apex. Pronotum very short, but one-third longer than vertex, lateral margin scarcely apparent. Elytra short, broad, flaring behind, giving the insect a square-set appear- ance. Venation very indistinct, somewhat variable. Colour: milky white, very sparsely spotted and irrorate with fuscous. Vertex with a pair of round spots just inside the eyes; within and back of these a pair of oblique dashes, fuscous. Pronotum with a pair of fuscous spots in a line with the inner margin of the eye on either side, sometimes a row of fuscous markings inside of these. Scutellum with a pair of triangular spots within the basal angles and a smaller pair of round ones on the disc. Elytra with three pairs of equidistant approximate spots along the suture, the middle pair the largest, and a number of spots along the costa, black. Sometimes these are absent except the large pair on the suture, and a spot opposite the anteapical cells on either costa. Veins pale yellow, indistinct. Face and all below dirty white. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of the female about twice as long as the penultimate, the lateral angles feebly, angularly produced, the margin between them very slightly rounding, with a small semicircular median emargination; male valve small, triangular; plates broad, triangular, as long as the ultimate segment. Described from numerous specimens from Grand Junction, Colo. (V. D. and the author.). This is another of the ‘“ white” Phlepsids, which seems to be strictly south-western in distribution. In structure it resembles Vanduzez, but in size and colour it is very different. (To be continued.) I desire to acknowledge the Society’s indebtedness for a perfect pair of Plusia aeroides, from Mr. C. H. Young, Hurdman’s Bridge, through Dr. Fletcher. A very rare species in this district. J. Atston Morrat, Curator. 12 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. REVISION OF THE GENUS CATOCALA. BY G. H. FRENCH, CARBONDALE, ILL. On page 191, Vol.XXXII., of the CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST (1900), Dr. Grote describes a new species of Catocala from Texas, C. moderna, related to C. viduata. If we place this as No. 7 in our list of the former article, and push the rest one number forward, it will bring C. re/icta No. 21 instead of No. 20. Following this with the ‘‘ red wing” species, I would arrange this group as follows : 22. Cara, Guenee. 45. Hermia, Hy. Edw. var. Sylvia, Hy. Edw. 46. Cassandra, Hy. Edw. var. Carissima, Hulst. 47. Briseis, Edw. 23. Amatrix, Hubner. 48. Faustina, Strecker. var. Nurus, Walker. var. Zilla, Strecker. 24. Concumbens, Walker. var. Verecunda, Hulst. var. Diana, Hy. Edw. var. Allusa, Hulst. var. Hilli, Grote. 49. Irene, Behr. 25. Californica, Edw. var, Virgilia, Hy. Edw. var. Perdita, Hy. Edw. var. Volumnia, Hy. Edw. var. Cleopatra, Hy. Edw. var. Valeria, Hy. Edw. 26. Hippolyta, Hy. Edw. 50. Parta, Guenée. 27. Arizone, Grote. var. Perplexa, Strecker. 28. Luciana, Hy. Edw. var. Petulans, Hulst. Nebraske, Dodge. 51. Coccinata, Grote. var. Somnus, Dodge. Sinuosa, Grote. 29. Marmorata, Edw. var. Circe Strecker, 30. Babayaga, Strecker. 52. Aholibah, Strecker. 31. Aspasia, Strecker. 53. Violenta, Hy. Edw. var. Sara, French. 54. Verilliana, Grote. 32. Junctura, Walker. var. Ophelia, Hy. Edw. var. Walshii, Edw. var. Votiva, Hulst. 33. Unijuga, Walker. 55- Ultronia, Hubner. 34. Beaniana, Grote. var. Celia, Hy. Edw. 35. Augusta, Hy. Edw. var. Mopsa, Hy. Edw. 36. Rosalinda, Hy. Edw. var. Adriana, Hy. Edw. 37. Pura, Hulst. var. Herodias, Strecker. 38. Semirelicta, Grote. 56. Ilia, Cramer. 39: Meskei, Grote. var. Zoe, Behr. 40. Stretchii, Behr. var. Uxor, Guenée. 41. Portia, Hy. Edw. var. Osculata, Hulst. 42. Mariana, Hy. Edw. 57. Innubens, Guenée. var. Francesca, Hy. Edw. var. Flavidalis, Grote. 43. Jessica, Hy. Edw. var. Hinda, French. 44. Grotiana, Hy. Edw. var. Scintillans, Grote. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 13 The three forms, Babayaga, Aspasia and Walshii, have been more or less confused. While at a casual glance they are very close, still I have no trouble in separating them. The first I have seen from Texas and Arizona. The fore wings have a brownish velvety appearance, the s. t. line not lighter than inside the t. p. line, the t. p. and t. a. lines dark brown with a mesian transverse and s. t. brown shade. The mesian band of the hind wings is very narrow, only slightly expanded in the middle, abruptly bent at the posterior and not reaching the internal margin. Aspasia has the ground colour of a slight bluish tinge, the lines of a deeper brown, almost black, the mesian and s. t. shades more distinct brown, the s. t. line almost or quite concolorous with the ground colour, The mesian band of the hind wings is from a quarter to a third wider than in Babayaga, and often nearly reaches the internal margin by a shade. In Walshii the ground colour of the fore wings is muchas in Asfasza, but the s. t. line is white or whitish and the shades are less brown, and the m esian band of the hind wings is nearly twice as wide as in Labayaga. I have seen Babayaga from Texas and Arizona; Aspasia from Ari- zona and Colorado; Wad/shii from Arkansas, Missouri and Illinois ; and what may be /uzctura from Arkansas. I have not before me Walker’s description, and hence do not know the locality he gives for the specimen he described. If I know the genuine /wnctura it has more or less white through the middle of the fore wings, as Grote says in one of his descrip- tions, somewhat simulating Uxijuga, with the mesian band of the hind wings wider than in either of the first three forms. I have seen such specimens from the East, and one or two from Arkansas in the collection of Mr. T.C. Poling, of Quincy, Ill.,approximate the eastern forms. On the strength of this I have put Wadshzi asa variety of Junctura. As to the specific status of these forms I have not much to say. I have taken /Va/shii here in Southern Illinois for more than 20 years, and have never found one intergrading toward what I have called /unctura, and hence have not shared Mr. Grote’s idea that it was a synonym of Junctura, and only place it as a variety for the reason given above. Nor have I seen any intergrading toward Aspasia or Babayaga. It is possible that these four forms are but one species, but it seems to me better to let them stand till by breeding they are proven to be one. In another species, Strefchiz, I found by breeding that there was considerable variation in the colour of the fore wings, but the mesian band 14 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. of the hind wings and the main markings of the fore wings were constant. Hence I separate this without hesitation from all other forms. It is commonly conceded now, | think, that Vebraske, Dodge, is a synonym of Luciana, Hy. Edw. Ihave not seen /ortia, Jessica and Cassandra, and place them where they have been placed, as I have only descriptions of these species. From my own observation I should be inclined to separate Circe from Coccinata, as I take only the first form here, but the size given in the descriptions and what I have seen in other collections lead me to think that they are but forms of one species. A NEW CANADIAN TINEID. BY AUGUST BUSCK, WASHINGTON, D. C. Anacampsis lupinella, n. sp. Antenne bronzy black with white annulations, slightly serrate, especially towards the tip. Labial palpi long, smooth, recurved; second joint somewhat thickened, with appressed scales, dark ochreous brown ; terminal joint longer than second, acicular, dark brownish, with tip black. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Tongue stout, scaled. Eyes {in the dry specimen] dark brick red. Face light brown, with dark purple reflexions. Head and thorax concolorous with fore wings, purplish black, with a satin lustre and with numerous evenly distributed bluish white scales, only visible under a lens. Three varieties are before me. Fore wings in some specimens without any markings ; in others they have a distinct whitish yellow spot at the beginning of the costal cilia and another similar dorsal spot opposite. In still other specimens these spots are extended downwards and upwards relatively and meet each other, forming a narrow transverse fascia. In the two former varieties the fore wings are otherwise uniformly coloured, but in the last moth the outer half of the wing is suffused with irregular longitudinal streaks of light brown. Presumably all gradations of these types exist. Under side of fore wing uniformly bluish black, without trace of the fascia or spots. Hind wings a little broader than fore wings, termen not sinuate, black, with strong purple reflexions. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 15 Venation typical: Fore wings: 12 veins, 7 and 8 stalked, the others separate. Hind wings: 8 veins, 3 and 4 connate, 6 and 7 connate. Entire body and legs purplish black. Alar expanse 14 mm. Habitat.—High Park, Toronto, Canada. U. S. National Museum, type No. 5351. Described from three perfect female specimens, reared from Lupinus perennis and presented to the National Museum by Dr. J. Fletcher. The insect is in several respects an interesting one. It belongs to that group of Azacampsis, Curtis | Zachyptilia, Hein., Meyrick|, which in coloration suggests strongly the fenionel/a group of the genus Afgro- erema, Durrant [| Anacampsis, Meyrick]. It is nearest Anacampsis (Gelechia) agrimonie//a, Clemens, and has not onlythe pattern but the leguminous food plant of Aprowrema, while hav- ing the wing form and venation of Avzacampsis ; indicating in connection with the other species in this group the correlation of the two genera. Its general habitus suggests very much the genus Z7richotaphe, Clemens, to which genus I took it to belong, before examining closely the venation. The insect is one proof of the close relationship between Anacampsis and Zrichotaphe, which in their nearest related forms only differ in the single point: veins 2 and 3 in fore wing being stalked in Trichotaphe, while they are separate in Anacampsis. Anacampsis tristrigella, Walsingham, described as Ge/echia, and Anacampsis levipedella, Clemens, described as Strobisia, belong in this immediate group. The following description of the full-grown larva is by Dr. James Fletcher, Ottawa : Larva..—Shape as inmany other Tineids, almost cylindrical ; head and 2nd segment slightly smaller than rest of body ; segments 3 to 5 very little smailer than segments 6 to 12. Length 13 mm., extended 15 mm. Width, segments 6 to 12, 2 mm. wide ; segment 2, 1.40 mm., segments 3, 4and 5, 1.60 mm. Head 1 mm. wide, flattened and rather shorter than wide ; horizontal, slightly oblique, shining, bearing a few slender hairs ; deeply indented at apex, testaceous, darkened along posterior margin and bearing a black blotch at lower posterior angle of each cheek ; ocellar field black; length.go mm. Thoracic shield large, conspicuous, con- colorous with head; width 1.30, depth .50 mm; almost straight in front, 16 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. rounded posteriorly. One-third of lower margin edged with black and terminating with a black point at lower anterior angle ; posterior margin swollen and bearing on each side of median line 3 small black piliferous tubercles. There are also 3 others on front margin. Tubercles of body black, bearing slender fawn-coloured hairs, normally placed, consisting of 3 dorsal, 3 substigmatal and 1 ventral series. No. i. anterior, and sub- dorsal, half the size of 11. and 111.; No. il. posterior, and supralateral ; No. ili. median, immediately above the minute black spiracles, slightly larger than il.; on segments 7 to end enclosing the spiracles in their lower margins ; No. iv. twiceits width from spiracles and immediately below them ; No. v. below and in a line with No. ii.; the tubercles of series No. vi. form a line running from base of thoracic feet to base of anal prolegs ; the tubercles of this series are more than twice longer than high, being merely short black chitinous dashes bearing 2 or 3 bristles, except on segments 5, 6, 11, 12 and 13, where they are dots. Substigmatal series, tubercles iv., v., vi., are all of the same size as ii., larger than i., smaller than ui. Medio-ventral series of very small tubercles, one on each side of every segment, beneath. On segment 2 a large black oval tubercle (No. v.), beneath thoracic shield and anterior to the spiracle, and a tubercle at hase of thoracic foot (No. vi.). On segments 3 and 4, tubercle No. i. is wanting, and as usual Nos. il., iii. and v. are arranged in a curved line across the segments ; No. v. anterior to tne other two; vi. is at base of thoracic foot, and iv. immediately above it, but higher up than v. General colour of larva dark olive green above, paler below, dorsal vessel showing as a dark stripe. ‘Thoracic feet testaceous, blackened at tips, with a narrow chitinous black fold in front and another behind at the base of each. Prolegs concolorous with body ; claspers rusty. Cocoon, slight, among the leaves. Pupa chestnut brown, length 6.50 mm. by 1.75 mm. at widest part. Thorax and abdomen bearing a few slender bristles, which are most numerous towards the cremastral end. Cremastral hooks long and slender. Whole body covered with a very short fulvous velvety pile. These larvee were found in considerable numbers among leaves of Lupinus perennis kindly sent from High Park, Toronto, by Mr. Allan Kinghorn. Each larva made a tent by tying two or three of the leaflets loosely together. They were almost full-grown when received, and the first pupated on the roth of June. Pupal period about eight days. Eight moths were reared, all females. There was considerable variation as to markings, the transverse fascia being obliterated in some specimens, but more or less apparent in most. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Ay CYPHODERRIS MONSTROSA. BY SAMUEL H. SCUDDER, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. From time to time during the last two or three years, Dr. James Fletcher has sent me specimens of a curious Locustarian taken at Banff, Alberta, by Mr. N. B. Sanson, curator of the Government museum in the National Park at that place. The specimens were all wingless and apparently immature females, but quite unlike anything known from that region. A study of their structure showed that they belonged to the Stenopelmatini and were most nearly allied to the genus Cyphoderris. Now, Cyphoderris, though described by Uhler thirty-six years ago, is a rare creature and was on record from only two localities, Oregon and Wind River, Wyo., and only males had hitherto been taken. ‘The probability that these immature and wingless females belonged with the winged males appeared to me, however, so great that in my recent catalogue of North American Orthoptera I recorded the species given in the title above as found in Alberta. Nevertheless, I had misgivings and asked Dr. Fletcher to obtain mature specimens to make sure. By his urgency, Mr. Sanson has forwarded separately this last autumn two mature females a/ve, the first of which Mr. Fletcher sent to me. These were in no respect different from the immature specimens except in size and in slight traces of wing-pads beneath the pronotal shield ; while in the appearance of the pronotum they differed so greatly from the male of Cyphoderris that I was as much at a loss as ever; for the male Cyphoderris has the posterior half of the pronotum so hunched and enlarged as to be almost a half broader posteriorly than anteriorly ; this is to give room for the coarse and bellied tegmina, which it overhangs, which are considerably longer than the pronotum, and nearly the whole of whose dorsal surface is made up of a coarse stridulating organ. But the females sent had a pronotum of nearly uniform diameter and practically no wings. Only by securing a male from the same region or females from Oregon or Wyoming could the question really be decided whether these represented closely-related genera or the same or nearly-allied species. The matter has just been definitely settled by the receipt of a male from Banff, kindly sent by Mr. Sanson from his collection, which cannot be separated from the Oregon types in my possession. Mr. Sanson responded generously to the 18 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. demands upon him; he obtained his specimens under logs and stones where he had placed old bones as a bait. They appear to be scarce, and he has so far secured but one male. The occurrence of such a form so far north is of particular interest, for Cyphoderris belongs to a group of Anostostomata (a subdivision of Stenopelmatini) which is purely American, but mainly tropical, its northernmost allies being found in Mexico. Moreover, the Old World species and genera of Anostostomata are from the southern hemisphere exclusively. Both Mr. Fletcher and I kept our females alive for nearly a month, feeding them chiefly on apples, of which they partook rather sparingly. They were very sluggish, as seemed fit for such heavy-bodied creatures, and could scarcely jump at all, not above half an inch at a time, and were more active by night than by day. Whether eggs are laid in the autumn or spring is uncertain; the former would seem probable from their dying in captivity before November, the latter from the fact that when captured in September the thermometer stood at1g F. I gave my specimen no water, but Mr. Fletcher gave his some from a brush, which she drank, but, he writes me, “if I push the brush too assiduously she turns over on her back and bites and kicks savagely and then lies perfectly still.” After death the abdomen contracts greatly. Taking advantage of possessing a living specimen, I took notes of the colouring, etc., from which the following description of the female is taken : Head above the antenne bronze black, longitudinally marked with pallid luteous ; genz and face below the antennae pale lilac, excepting the clypeus and labrum, which are pale lemon yellow, the whole marked with blackish; palpi pallid, feebly infuscated, especially the maxillary pair, in stripes and apical marginings, the extreme apex of apical joint pallid ; basal joint of antennz pallid, with broad basal and narrow subapical fuscous annuli, the remaining joints bronze black; eyes castaneous. Pronotum subcylindrical, subequal, very feebly constricted just in advance of the middle, dull luteous with a nacreous sheen, the posterior edge and lower margins of the lateral lobes flavous or flavescent, the whole heavily and massively marked, especially in the constricted region, with very dark glistening bronze green, the whole surface, whether dark THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 19 or light, sprinkled very sparsely and very inconspicuously with iuteous dots. Sternal parts of thorax luteous, more or less infuscated. Tegmina reduced to minute membranous testaceous pads, concealed beneath the pronotum. Coxe and trochanters blackish fuscous; femora luteo- testaceous, the whcle apex and a broad longitudinal median band on the outer side subpiceous ; tibie pallid luteous, with a piceous stripe following the upper lateral spinigerous margins, heavier in basal than in apical half; the fore pair with one spine above on inner margin, besides an apical one, none on the outer margin, below with two or three spines on each side, besides the apical one; the middle pair with no spines below, two or three on either side above, besides the apical one; and the hind pair with no spines below and six or seven on either side above, besides the apical one ; the spines pallid or luteous tipped with black, excepting the apical spines, which are almost wholly fuscous; tarsi very pale red beneath, pallid above, edged apically with fuscous. Abdomen very plump, deeper than broad, having above the same colours as the pronotum, the luteous nacre forming the base, and the bronze green, somewhat embrowned, confined to the apical margins of the segments in an irregular edging ; sides of abdomen between the dorsal and ventral scutes pale brown, sparsely sprinkled with pallid dots, the spiracles glistening bronze. Length of body, 21 mm.; pronotum, 8 mm.; breadth of same, 7 mm.; length of antennz, 25 mm.; hind femora, rr mm.; hind tibia, 10.5 mm.; hind tarsi, 7 mm. [Mr. Sanson states that these insects are by no means common at Banff. The first specimen he acquired was found in the basement of the Canadian Pacific Hotel, by Miss Adams, of Winnipeg; Mr. W. C. McCalla, of St. Catharines, Ont., took two immature specimens among the fir boughs used as a bed in his camp. One specimen was given to Dr. White, of Banff, by Mr. George Paris, of the same place. Mr. Sanson caught two mature females, one by placing some biscuits and brown sugar under a sheet of botanical drying felt near one of the summer residences off Tunnel Mountain Rd., near the place where the perfect male referred to above was taken ; the second was found under a log where a bone had been placed as a bait ; and,the last specimen found was brought to him by a member of a camping party, who had it for a few days and brought it in alive. In all, seven specimens have been secured.—Ep. | 20 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NOTES ON SOME ONTARIO ACRIDIIDZ. BY E. M. WALKER, TORONTO. (Continued from Vol. XX XT1., page 36.) 16a Spharagemon collare, Scudd., race Wyomingianum, Thomas. Oedipoda Wyomingianum, Thom. Ann. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Derr, Vs 462)(1872). Spharagemon Wyomingianum, Scudd. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., XVII., 470 (1875). Spharagemon oculatum. Morse. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., XXVI., 232 (1894). Spharagemon collare, race Wyomingianum, Morse. Psyche, VIL., 298 (1895). In September, 1899, I found this species fairly plentiful on sand dunes, in Rondeau Provincial Park, Kent Co., on the shore of Lake Erie. The sand dunes occupy a considerable area there, and in some places near the lake shore are thinly wooded with red cedar (Juniperus virgin- zanus). It is here that I found this locust in the largest numbers, though they were also to be found further away from the shore in open places in oak woods ; only, however, where the soil was sandy. In another part of the Park, where the trees were mostly pines, S. d0//7, Scudd. was common, but I never found the two species together. In the juniper groves near the beach, S. Wyomingianum was in company with 7rimerotropis maritima which occurred in great numbers, and was found also, and still more abundantly, on the open beach, where S. WVyomingianum did not venture. The hind tibiz of my specimens vary from pale yellow to orange, none being decidedly red. They are dated Sept. 14 and 15, 1899. This is the first notice of this species in Ontario, and of the race Wyomingianum in Canada. I have found the typical co//are common from Manitoba to British Columbia. Encoptolophus sordidus, Burm.—Until the last two or three years this species was quite rare in Toronto, which was about its northern limit in that part of Ontario. In the fall of r897 I saw quite a number in some of the dry, sandy hillsides in High Park, and in 1898 they were much more numerous, and were even seen about the city, in open grassy places. This summer they were common everywhere, their crackling stridulation being heard in almost every field. They have now extended to Lake Simcoe, if not further, for I found them in small numbers, this summer, at De Grassi Point. The species seems to be spreading northward. Part IV. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 21 21a. Podisma glacialis, Scudder. Pezotettix glacialis, Scudd. Boston Journ. Nat. Hist., VII., 630-631 (1863). Peszotettix borealis, Glov. (nec. Scudd.). Ill. N. A. Ent., Orth. (1872). Podisma glacialis, Scudd. Rev. Melanopli, p. 98 (1897). While collecting at North Bay, Lake Nipissing, on Sept. 12, 1900, I tookio ¢sand5 2s ofthisinsect. They differ slightly from the typical glacialis of the White Mountains, approaching P. variegata to a slight degree in several points. Having compared them with two pairs of typical gZacta/is from New England, and noticing these peculiarities, I sent a few specimens to Mr. Scudder, who says that they are “ without doubt glacialis, though varying slightly towards varvegata, especially in the (feebly) banded hind femora.” He also notes that “ the cerci of the ¢ are more smoothly rounded at the apex and the furcula shorter than in typical v/acia/is.” As compared with my New England specimens, they also differ in having in every case distinctly longer antenne and hind femora, and in the more prominent eyes; in all of these characters approaching vartegata. In the White Mountains Mr. Scudder has found this species on the dwarf birch ( Betula nana), while Mr. Morse has found it most common in the various species of Vaccinium characteristic of mountain tops, and on dwarf cornel. Most of my specimens were found on red raspberry bushes, like P. variegata, at Lake Simcoe, but many were also seen on alders. Unlike varzegata, they are not confined to swamps, but are also found in comparatively dry places. I have two immature males of a Podisma, probably this species, collected by Mr. G. M. Stewart on the portage between Lakes Esnogami and Kabinakagami, in Northern Ontario. This portage is across the Height of Land, and 1s a little further north than the species has hitherto been recorded. One of the specimens is almost full-grown, and in both the hind femora are pale yellow, strongly banded with black. They are dated July r2 and 13, Igoo. 26a. Melanoplus extremus, Walk. Caloptenus extremus, Walk. Cat. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., 1V., 681 (1870). Peszotettix junius, Dodge. Can. Ent., VIII., 9 (1876). Caloptenus parvus, Prov. Nat. Canad., VIII., 110 (1876). Melanoplus extremus, Caulfield. Rep. Ent. Soc. Ont., XVIIL., 71 (1886), bo bo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. I have a single female of the short-winged form of this grasshopper, collected by Mr. G. M. Stewart in a muskeg ten miles west of the portage between Lake Kabinakagami and the Matawishguia River. At the same spot Mr. Stewart also took two males of MZ. ¢slandicus, Blatchley, an adult and a nymph. ‘These three specimens are dated Aug. 18, 1900. Onthe portage between Lakes Esnegami and Kabinakagami two mature females of JZ. ¢slandicus were taken, July 15, rgoo. 29a. Melanoplus bivittatus, Say. Gryllus bivittatus, Say. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad., IV., 308 (1825). | Caloptenus bivittatus, Uhler (pars), Say. Ent. N. A., ed LeC., IT., 238 (1859). Melanoplus bivittatus, Scudd. (pars), Hitche. Rep. Geol. N. H., 1, 376 (1874). I took a single ? of this grasshopper while collecting at North Bay, on Sept. 12, 1900. This is the true d¢vzttatus, not the common species with red hind tibiz, usually so-called, which is JZ. femoratus, Burm. The hind tibiz of my specimen are dark bluish-green above at base, gradually passing into pale greenish-yellow at apex. Although I spent some six hours collecting at North Bay, and searched carefully for both AZ. dbivittatus and M. femoratus, I obtained but one specimen of each, both females. I expected to find /emoratus common, as it is abundant in Muskoka, and has been taken as far north as Hudson’s Bay. M. bivittatus is an interior and Western form, so that its occurrence in Northern Ontario is of some interest. Melanoplus punctulatus, Uhler.— During the last two seasons I have found this insect quite plentiful locally, though I spoke of it in a former paper (Can. Ent., XX XI, 35) as one of our rarest Acridians. Untilthen I had never seen the male, but in the season of 1899 I found about a dozen of them, and this season I have seen more than one hundred. I found them most numerous on dead stumps and logs, in a wood of second- growth white pine, at De Grassi Pt., Ont. They were sometimes seen on the trunks and branches of living trees, but most often on the stumps and fallen trunks of the oid forest, and on the pine rails of a snake fence enclosing the wood. They were found only on the borders and more open parts of the woods, where they were to be seen upon almost every stump. I have seen ten 9s ona single stump. It is in these dead stumps and logs that the females deposit their eggs, in which operation I have THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 23 observed them repeatedly. The female chooses a crack in the wood or an old beetle-boring of suitable size, and lowers her abdomen down this, sometimes nearly as much as an inch. Sometimes when the hole is of large size, only the head and legs of the insect can be seen above it. Unlike Chloealtis conspersa, the female of MZ. punctulatus apparently never bores herself unless merely to make her way through any loose rubbish that might be obstructing the hole. She generally chooses sound or only partly decayed wood. I managed to obtain several fragments and one complete packet of eggs. The latter was fixed by the cement substance at its lower end to the wall of a beetle-boring three-eighths of an inch in diameter. It was attached at a distance of about three-quarters of an inch down the hole, and except at the lower end, which was imbedded in a depression in the wall, the packet was quite free. It was covered with a rather thick coat- ing of a porous or vesicular cement substance, which also filled all the spaces between the closely-packed eggs. The latter were twenty-three in number, and their arrangement was in general in a longitudinal direction, the anterior ends pointing towards the free end of the packet, but was otherwise irregular. The eggs are 4 to 4.8 mm. long, elongate-elliptical in form, finely and densely punctate, reddish-brown. There is a slightly impressed line encircling the egg close to its posterior end. M. punctulatus has been fairly common also at Toronto this season. I found a pair on a white oak tree, the others on pine. A NEW CECIDOMYIID ON GUTIERREZIA. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL, E. LAS VEGAS, N. M. Asphondylia gutierrezia, N. sp. ? .—Length slightly over 3 mm.; antenne pale brown, 2+ 15 jointed, the first two joints darkened ; eyes united on vertex ; thorax reddish- brown, dorsally shining, naked, with four very thin longitudinal bands of hairs ; femora pale brown, tibia and tarsi darker ; wings well fringed with hairs ; abdomen nearly naked, bright red, ovipositor and a dorsal apical patch white ; ovipositor moderately long. Pupa shell white, the anterior part faintly tinged with brown. Gall a paie green fusiform or suboval swelling in the flower-head of Gutierrezta sarothre, about 7 mm. long and 3 mm. broad. Ffab.—Las Vegas, New Mexico ; collected by Wilmatte P. Cockerell; flles emerging October 31. The colours of A. gutierrezie age described from fresh material ; dried examples will not be so bright. 24 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. THE GENERIC NAMES VATES AND THEOCLYTES. BY JAMES A. G. REHN, PHILADELPHIA. Recently the writer made the statement (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XXVIL., p. 87) that the generic name Zheoclytes was a synonym of Vates, the latter being the older by one year. A further examination has shown that the matter should have been examined closer. Three generic names are involved— Vares, Burmeister ; Zheoclytes, Serville, and Pseudovates, Saussure—the included species of each being as follows : Vates, Burmeister. V. cnemidotus, Burmeister = swzbfoliata, Stoll. V. orbus, Mliger. V. macropterus, Stoll. | Theoclytes, Serville. T. foliata, Licht. = subfoliata, Stoll. T. undata, Fabricius = Popa undata, Fabricius. T. chlorophea, Blanchard. Pseudovates, Saussure. P. tolteca, Saussure. The type of the genus Vatfes is therefore szbfoliata, Stoll., the other two included species (synonymous) having been removed by Serville to his new genus, Zoo/ea, in 1839. As the species subfoliata was used by Burmeister (and is by elimination the type of the genus), it must be barred from consideration in the genus in which it was placed by Serville. The second species, wzdata, having been removed to another genus, the third, ch/orophea, must stand as the type. ‘The last genus, Pseudovates, of Saussure, was based simply on fo/tfeca, which is congeneric with Vat¢es, and therefore the two are synonymous, unless the two types can be separated subgenerically, in which case the name Pseudovates is available for one. The revised generic names stand as in the following Zoolea macroptera, Stoll. table : Vates, Burmeister. Type, V. subfoliata, Stoll. Pseudovates, Saussure. Theoclytes, Serville. ‘Type, Z: chlorophea, Blanchard. While a few authors have followed almost the same paitern as this, the general tendency has been to distort the names by placing them to suit their fancy or their particular system of classification. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 25 TWO NEW BLIND BEETLES, OF THE GENUS ADRANES, PROM CHE PACIFIC» COAST. Be Hae Hs WICKHAM. TOW Ay CILY.) TOW A: The species of Adranes are to be looked for in nests of ants belong- ing to the genus Zaszuvs. They are helpless creatures, lacking eyes and with much reduced mouth-parts, dependent probably upon the ants for their supply of food. They are carefully attended by their hosts, to whom they give requital in the form of a secretion, much appreciated by the ants, which collects on certain patches of hair situated on the tips of the elytra and on the base of the abdominal dorsum. ‘The antennz are much modified, consisting of only two joints, the second of which is very large and heavy, varying in form in different species. Until recently but two species were known, namely, A. ca@cus, Lec., from Pennsylvania, Georgia and Illinois, and A. Lecontez, Brendel, from the Mississippi, Potomac and Ohio* valleys. Some time ago I received from the Rev. Geo. W. Taylor a specimen which appeared to belong to a third species. It had been captured by him in an ants’ nest near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. My trip to the Pacific Coast has given additional specimens of the same kind, and also of a fourth species which is very distinct from any of the others. While all of the Adranes are of much the same colour (a peculiar shining reddish yellow) and agree closely in general shape, they neverthe- less offer structural characters, particularly in the male sex, which enable us to separate them readily. I regret not to have seen A. cecus, which evidently approaches the form that I have called pacificus in size and in some other features. I annex a table which gives in brief the differentials necessary for specific discrimination : Head cylindrical. Antenne with second joint narrowed to tip. L. OMNI Lt ree is Sune exes sae ee a ae oh ahi. ek RAMA ALEC. Head narrowed behind. Antenne with second joint narrowed to tip. Smaller (2 mm.); middle tibiz of ¢ not appreciably thickened Mearthe base... ... . Se Sricen naeer DC Cus, Wasp. *Dr. E. Wasmann has also a record of A. Lecontez from California. (Krit. Verz. d. Myrmekoph, u. Termitoph, Arthropoden, Berlin, 1894, p. 107.) bo (or) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Larger (2.5 mm.) ; middle tibia of ¢ more slender and strongly thickened near base...... Cpa . Lecontei, Brend. , Antennze with second potiit Eyindaeal not arenes narrow at up; middle tibiz of 7 witha strong tooth about one-third from the tip.. Saige Ese .. Laylori, n. sp. Figures of the: antenne a mica he oF the bales of three of the above are given, the sketches having / been made with the aid of a camera b lucida. Care has been taken to get a like point of view in each case. The spine of the middle leg has [a been figured as part of the tro- chanter in A. Lecontet by Dr. Brendel*, who was misled, I sup- pose, by the use of imperfect lenses. In specimens of an Adranes from Iowa City, determined by him as his Lecontez, the spine is femoral in origin, as shown in my figure (Fig. 1a), to which I have added a sketch of the antenne (Fig. rb) for comparison with the others. The new forms may be described thus : — Adranes pacificus, 0. sp.—Reddish yellow, less shining than A. Lecontei or A. Taylori. Above finely punctured, pubescence yellowish, recumbent, coarser than in either of the previously mentioned species and more inclined to form regular lines. Head (in profile from above) broadest just behind the antenne, thence almost regularly narrowed to base, sides hardly arcuate, frontal margin truncate. Second antennal joint straight, distinctly narrowed to the tip and somewhat thicker in proportion to the length than in 4. Leconte/. Pronotum resembling that of A. Zaylori, but the lateral impressions are less deep, and in con- sequence the sides in front of them appear less bulging ; basal fovea naked, deep and almost exactly circular. Elytra at base about equal to the base of the prothorax or very slightly wider, conjointly deeply *Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa, Vol. I., pl. VI., Fig. 3. The same origin is ascribed to this spine in 4. cavcus, I, c. pl. VI., Fig. 5 ; and p. 221. However, I have not seen the latter species, and make no further comment. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 27 triangularly emarginate, rapidly, slightly arcuately broadening to the tip, each with a tuft of long yellowish hair near the middle of the posterior margin, the exact shape of which is thus concealed. Abdomen above convex, surface more shining than that of the rest of the body, the pubescence long, recumbent, very fine and sparse; arcuation of the juxta-basal portion of the margin more regular and less sudden than in A. Lecontei, which it closely resembles in the form of the impressions and fovez. Body beneath of the same colour as above, scantly pubescent. Legs stouter than in A. Lecontet or A. Taylori, middle femora of male with a large strong curved basal tooth, middle tibiz slightly curved, but without strong sinuation or tooth. Length 2 mm. Type, ¢ from Sisson, California, in the Mount Shasta district. Collected by myself in a nest of a pale variety of Zasius niger, L. (det. Pergande), under the bark of an old stump, near the end of July, rg00. This beetle is readily distinguished from the other Pacific Coast species by the facies, smaller size and greater opacity. Fig. 2a shows the middle leg of the ¢, Fig. 2b the antenna. ab Adranes Taylori, n. sp.—Reddish yellow, shining, above finely punctured and with rather long yellowish recumbent pubescence, which does not conceal the surface nor give the effect of opacity. Head (in profile from above) truncate anteriorly, sides gradually slightly divergent to a point behind the middle, thence rapidly narrowed to base. Antenne with the second joint cylindrical, not tapering to the tip. Pronotum, broadest about one-third from the base, narrowing anteriorly to about the width of the head and posteriorly to near that of the elytra. Behind this, broadest part is, on each side, an oblique impression, while on the median line near the base is a large rounded hairless fovea. Base of elytra equal to or slightly greater in width than that of the prothorax, conjointly deeply triangularly emarginate ; rapidly arcuately broadening to apex, each with a tuft of long yellowish hair near the middie of the posterior margin, the exact shape of which is thus concealed. Abdomen above convex, surface more shining than that of the rest of the body, the pubescence rather long, 28 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. recumbent and very fine, much sparser than that of the elytra. Width at base (compared with the elytra) less than in A. Zecontei, the arcuation of the juxta-basal portion less pronounced. Impression and foveze much as in A. Leconte’. Body beneath of same colour as above, shining, sparsely pubescent. Legs, unarmed, g intermediate femora with a short stout basal tooth, middle tibize sinuate internally and with a strong triangular tooth, as large as that of the femur, at about one-third from tip. Length 2.5 mm. Type, ¢ from Newport, Oregon; collected by myself in nest of Lasius niger, L. (det. Pergande), under a Sys prostrate log, near the middle of July. Also received from Rev. Geo. W. Taylor, collected by him at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, in March and April, and to him the species is dedicated in recognition of the value of his entomological and other researches into the fauna of his district. The middle leg of the male 4. Zaylori is shown in Fig. 3a. It is quite character- istic and will readily distinguish this species from any other thus far known. The shape of the second antennal joint (Fig. 3b) is also peculiar to this insect. CHANGE OF NAME. On page 248 of Vol. XXXII. of the CanapIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, I proposed pruinosus for a species of Zabanus. Prof. J. M. Aldrich has kindly informed me that praznosws has been used previously by Bigot for a species of that genus. My species isa true Afylotus, and Bigot’s is placed in Zabanus in the strictest sense, but I prefer to change the name of my species to Ofzoensis. Jas. S. Hine, Columbus, Ohio. The GENERAL INDEX to the 30 annual Reports of the Entomological Society of Ontario (1870-1899) will be ready for distribution in a few days. Copies will be sent postpaid on receipt of the price—so cents bound in cloth; 25 cents unbound. Address: Entomological Society of Ontario, 429 Wellington Street, London, Canada. Mailed January.2md, 1901. The .O.&, 4D, f LONDON, FEBRUARY, trgor. anatliay Entomologist No. 2 Queen Victoria. BORN MAY 241TH, 1819; ASCENDED THE THRONE JUNE 20TH, 1837; DIED JANUARY 22ND, IQoOl. The death of our beloved Queen, who has been our sovereign for more than three score years, is to each of her subjects, in whatever part of the world h€ may be, a loss beyond what words can express. We have all been filled with reverence for her majesty— admiration for her character—and deep affection for her person. Whether we regard her as Empress and Queen in stately dignity—as sovereign ruler over the vast British Empire, inspired with justice, wisdom and truth—as wife and mother living a home life of purity, love and peace, unsullied by any stain,—in whatever aspect we regard her, our feelings, our judgment, are the same. The grief which now wrings our hearts is shared in, and sympathized with, by the nations of the world; everywhere there is the same tribute of respectful sorrow. Victoria’s name will ever stand in the annals of the world pre-eminent among exalted women; and it will ever remain in our hearts and memories as an example of all that is good and noble, of all that is pure and without reprcach. 30 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NOTES ON @HE GENITALIA OF HALISIDOTA HARRISII, WALSH. BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. I see by Mr. Lyman’s address (1899) before the Entomological Society of Ontario that he is a convert to the view of the specific dis- tinctness of Hadisidota tesselaris and Hf. Harris:7. I believe this to be correct. When I last referred to the genitalic differences of these species, I expressed a possible doubt that the apparent differences might be found evanescent in a large material. Having just examined 74 prepara- uons, I do not find this to be the case. In fesse/aris the upper point of the side piece is free from the outer lobe and projecting (fig. 2) ; ae R. 1 in Harrisii this point is concealed behind the lobe and pressed close to it (fig. 1). The differences are small, but readily perceptible. The preparations were made from two bred fesse/aris and three bred Harrisiz ; afterward 69 captured examples were examined. These were a part of the specimens from Poughkeepsie, N. Y., recorded in Insect Life, and they proved to be 96% fesse/aris. The total number captured should therefore be approximately 2.570 fessedaris and 106 Harrisi?. Harrisii is evidently considerably the rarer species of the two. REFERENCES. 1862. Harris, Ins. Inj. Veg. (Flint), 364. 1863. Walsh, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., IX., 288. 1964. Walsh,eroc. Ent. Coc, Piniella ans: 420. 1891. Dyar, Ins. Life, III., 324. 1891. Dyar, Psyche, VI., 162. 1892. Dyar, Can. Ent., XXIV., 306. tg00. Lyman, 30th Ann. Rep. Ent. Soc. Ont., 25. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. BI SOME PLANT=-LICE AFFECTING PEAS, CLOVER, AND LETTUCE.* BY E. DWIGHT SANDERSON. Nectarophora pist, Kalt., and varieties. The ‘‘ Green Dolphin” is one of the best-known pests of peas and vetches in Europe, though but little concerning its economy has been recorded by European writers. In this country, ZV. pzsz, Kalt., has been noted by Thomas, Oestlund’, and Williams*, but as their specimens were never compared with any from Europe, and as plant-lice are exceedingly variable and descriptions of them are, therefore, often of but little value even when accurate, the identity of their specimens with the European forms has been somewhat in doubt. At the beginning of the present outbreak of the pest in the spring of 1899, as specimens of JV. fzsz of both American and European authors were unavailable for comparison, and as most of the European writers described the species as very much smaller than the remarkably large form under consideration, the species was named WVectarophora destructor by Prof. W. G. Johnson‘, and described by him as new®. Prof. Johnson gives Mr. Th. Pergande as authority for the species, stating that he “considers it an undescribed species,” and adds, ‘‘ Inasmuch as Mr. Pergande does not care to describe it, it is my privilege to name the insect.” In Dec., 1899, the attention of the writer was called to a species of Lectarophora doing serious injury to lettuce under glass. Careful study tailed to reveal but a few minor characteristics by which this species could be separated from JV. destructor, Johns., the chief difference being its smaller size, but many specimens were as large-as small destructor. The similarity of this aphid to destructor led to a study of the plant-lice infesting lettuce foliage, and also of the variation in size, form and colour of WV. destructor, taken at different times during 1899 and 1900. The following table gives the average measurements of different series of specimens of destructor, those of MV. fzsz, Kalt., as given by various authors, and those of 4. destructor as described by Prof. Johnson, Numbers 3, 4, 5, Il, 17, 20, 21 and 22 are all unquestionably ZV. destructor, Johns. : (“From the Entomological Dept. of the Delaware Ccllege Agricultural Experiment Station, Newark, Del.) 1 Thomas, 8th Rept. St. Ent., Ill., p. 64 (1879). 2 Oestlund, Bull. No. 4, Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv., Minn., p. 82 (1887). 3 Williams, Spec. Bull. No. 1, Univ. Nebr., Dept. Ent., pp. 6, 9, 18, 20, 23 (1891). 4 W. G. Johnson, Bull. No. 20, n. s., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Ag., pp. 94-9 (1899). 5 W. G. Johnson, CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST, XXNXII., pp. 55-60 (Feb., 1900). ENTOMOLOGIST. THE CANADIAN S9 ob jolt oz1 9g oz oS tS tg ,00f |06 |okz I |16g1 ‘Sr 9DO]** AVAOTD “JOD “asy eMoy] g1 09 of logs |€€r |€€r |zg [Zr |zS [PS |SL | oof |Sg |grz food |£ | oo61 ‘1 Avy |**** vad uo “yoq ‘proypyy| $1 iL €€ [Sgr Str |Sbx joor [hr |gS |tg |zg |€1€ |Sg |SEz joog-jz | 66gr1 “-qayq jeonqj}0] uo “py “oD ‘oyyeg] v1 ool of of looz |joS1 joSi jo6 |br |6S |SZ |€6 | otf jog |o€z |oo6 |€ | 66gr ‘daq jaonyea] uO “Jaq ‘yIeMaN] L1 £g Of ‘Itez \oLr joor |zor joe. 99, nh We) ook Sor exe b | S6gr “qaq jaonqjo] uo “Ay ‘u0}suIxeqJ] z1 of zb |Szz |zgr |zg1 |L6 |gz |zeL 1g |gg | 06 Sor |hr€ jof6 |€1jo061 ‘£1 ‘AON |" ** ‘vad uo “Jaq ‘yIeMON| 11 z6 ob jotz |€g1 |€gr jozi jrz |gg |o£ |gh | Sgt |bir lolz Z *****uoyyoOng *g *s) Woy] oF 101 gf |gg |Lzz |rg6- SLer bar rceate yah eek eet ‘uo}yyong| 6 +16 06 SP oir joz joL |S£ jo6 |(S6£) Leg iat ne eee en TIN TESS 6) | me iG 0g Se joSr jofr jozi jor oS jog jo6 |oS€ Jozi jo££ joo6 6SgI eae ae rs *,yooy} ZL oof— ES soMl Cpe taia| syee as EO M.S -* yoequayey| 9 oSz 98 6b |SSz logt j1gr lor of |€g |o6 [$6 | Lzb |S11 |SPE fooor|g [#68 ‘006: Bursds ae si ¢ 0061 ‘Or DO 98 gb jobz jogi |zgi |f11 Jof |zg |4g |h6 | Eb fort joz€ jooor|S |66gr ‘gz 390 A + zg gb |oSz jooz jooz |z11 |S€ |zg joor joor | oft |g11 joo€ jooorj1 \66gr1 ‘1 *AON|* °° ‘vad uo ‘jag ‘yIeMeN| © Cri-|, = 5 lle + |(of +) |Sr1—-\ooS- oo61 “qaq |*°**‘suyof ‘10jJOnI}sep *N| z Ais 1934 o$1 joS |S joor joS1 C26 oor lnaop|oOn “ING ‘NVD bit €g |€gz jooz joog rir liz |tg |€or jobr | oSF jogr jor joors|1 | 2b- ‘41 ounf uo}yong “gq *yg wos) 1 ajpulay| SNOAVGIALA posurst Bp [29 | TUT Lae Me MLAG) DAG ee Neel Te sD, 1 al elN = re “ON o 8 =o ae ‘ — 7 ae wn 3 ‘i | : Sh a OF, ‘y 2 ie ms o 2%q uondiioseag 2, = ‘RIQLT, ‘BVuUaUYy Sedona etl e Ast : Pale (‘S4Q]JeUUT][IUI OOI-1 Ul SjUBUOINSeeTl) ‘sorjotiva pue “yey ‘2s7¢ vsoygo2vj20AT 33 ENTOMOLOGIST. CANADIAN THE s1aytim Aq poynduros Apeg ( ) ‘ayvansoeur A[qeqoid—oin.sy wWol; pornseoyyy ,. wn ° i] ‘po elt cor M u ey} oLlz oof oof oof oot o$L 006 N Sa SLer f6g1 ‘Li pudy 66g1 “o9q S6gr ‘fc ‘qoyq 1g 6SeI Ctg1 (z6gr ‘Av \o0614t Ke py oo6r sy, 6681 ‘390 0061 ‘qo “ING “NVO Ly- ‘Lr oun{ PLIES A 66gI So0q oo61 ‘1 "AON ** uo}yyon, "* IQAOID “]JOD IsV PMOT “7+ 99n}e] “Ted ‘YAPMON "+ gonqeo] ‘Ay ‘U0. SurIxe'T ++ S1IquoYOse TF, : cS yoo] YIRqua][eyf * TOAOTD uo “oq SYAIVMON “*+ ged uo “Jaq ‘pAoy[E -*++voad uo “jog “yIeMeN “s**=suyof “tojonsjsep “Ny “*** uoO}YOng *g “4 Wor snoavgiat4, snosag pe “°*-g0nq}e7 ““jeq “SIeMonN ‘ved “jaq ‘yIeMON ‘ayy posury 61 gi pli Lr ENTOMOLOGIST. THE CANADIAN PLATE 2. Can. Ent., VoL. XXXIII. 2 LE Meght Senace son 3 = THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 390 This study showed that the measurements given in the description of the species by Prof. Johnson represented specimens in May and June, when the species is at its maximum size, but specimens much smaller were found at that season, and those collected in October of 1899 and 1900 were uniformly smaller. It was found that the average size of specimens measured was as near that of JV. fzs7, Kalt., of Oestlund, as N. destructor, Johns., with no marked difference in colour. A careful review of European literature showed the size of WV. pis, Kalt., as given by different writers, to be quite variable; the length, for instance, as given by Koch (No. 7) is 3.3 mm., while Buckton (No. 9) gives 2.27 mm., and Taschenberg states that the winged female is slightly shorter than the wingless (No. 25), which he describes as 4 mm. long. ‘The coloration as given by these writers is also variable. In October, 1900, a form of the winged female (No. 11)—described below—was found migrating from peas to clover, which was much darker and smaller than the summer broods and in many respects more similar to some of the descriptions of . f7sz, and at the same time the apterous females and nymphs were distinctly pulverulent, which was not observed in June, but is mentioned in descriptions of fzsz. A few winged males (No. 17)—described below—were also secured. Having become well convinced of the identity of the two species, specimens of JV. fisz, Kalt., were secured from Mr. G. B. Buckton, F.R.S., Haslemere, Eng., who kindly lent me two slides containing several specimens in Canada balsam. ‘The specimens of one slide, collected at ‘Southgate, June 17, -47” (1847 ?) (Nos. 1 and 18), were of exactly the same size as JV. destructor as described by Prof. Johnson, with exception of seginent VI. of the antennz being very much shorter. They also differed in having the cornicles and antenne (PI. I., 1a., rcl.) considerably thicker than the smaller specimens of destructor, though very probably this is largely due to their having been flattened by the pressure of the cover glass and the drying of the balsam. The surface of the tips of the cornicles is reticulated, which has not been observed in typical destructor. None of these differences can, however, be considered as of sufficient value to separate the species, especially when one considers the variability of the species as given by European writers. The specimens of the other slide, marked by Mr. Buckton, ‘“‘ Siphonophora pisi?—Fool’s Parsley,” are considerably smaller, but are similar to the smaller forms of destructor found here, and lack the reticulation on the cornicles. There 36 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. is little question, therefore, but that the species (4V. destructor, Johns.) so injurious during the past two seasons is the well-known “ Green Dolphin” (LV. pist, Kalt.) of Europe’. Past History.—In Europe the “Green Dolphin” has been known as one of the worst pests of peas and vetches for over a century. Kirby and Spence, writing in1815, give an account of the damage done by this pest which corresponds very closely with our own experience, “ those (aphids) which attack pulse spread so rapidly, and take such entire possession, that the crop is greatly injured, and sometimes destroyed by them. This was the case in 1810, when the produce was not much more than the seed sown ; and many farmers turned swine into the pea fields, not thinking them worth harvesting. The damage in this instance was caused solely by the aphis, and was universal throughout the kingdom so that a supply for the navy could not be obtained. The earlier peas are sown, the better chance they stand of escaping, at least in part, the effects of this vegetable Phthiriasis.” It is also remarked that the pest is worse in dry seasons. The insect is evidently either native to America or has been established here for many years. The first record of its occurrence was in Minnesota in 1887 on Shepherd’s Purse’. Since then it has been noted in Nebraska and Illinois on clover, beets, peas, and other plants. Early in May, 1890, an experimental plot of crimson clover at this station was so badly attacked by what was undoubtedly this species of aphid that for a time it was feared the experiment would prove a failure. One or two extensive growers of crimson clover inform me that they have seen this pest on crimson clover for at least six or seven years. As no other aphid is known to attack clover in any considerable numbers, there seems to be little doubt but that the same species has been present in Delaware for at least ten years. Mr. F. A. Sirrine writes me that Long Island pea growers state that “they had a similar trouble with their 6 The full bibliography of the species appears in the Report of the Del. Coll. Ag. Exp. Sta. for 1900. Aphis ul/marie, Schrank, is undoubtedly the same species and several writers have preferred to use that name. Schrank’s description, however, is not clearly recognizable, and I have preferred, therefore, to follow the majority of writers in using Kaltenbach’s name. Exception might be taken to this usage, as very many aphids are not to be recognized from the original description of the species, but where types are not extant for purposes of comparison it would be much better were such descriptions discarded. 7 Thomas mentions it in Illinois in 1879, but it is doubtful whether his description applies to this species, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 37 ’ peas eight or ten years ago.” In 1887 an aphid very similar to this species, and probably the same, was observed by Dr. L. O. Howard, U. S. Entomologist, on clover at Washington, D. C. Mr. R. H. Pettit, of the Mich. Agl. Experiment Station, informs me that one or two Michigan pea growers state that they have known a similiar plant-louse to infest peas for the past twenty years. Fall Migratory Winged Viviparous Female.—Wing expanse, 9.3 mm. Length, 3.15 mm.; width, 1.05 mm.; Antenne, 3.9 mm., III., ase mm; -lV.,.6.o1.mm.; V.,0.72mm:; V1:,.028 mm.; VII; 0.97:mm. Tibia: l., 1:62:mm., L., 1.62 mm.,.lI,.2,.25.mm.;. Cauda; o.42:mm-.; Cornicles, 0.70 mm. Average of 13 specimens. Coloration same as male, except chitinous plates are slightly lighter, lateral spots and those above spiracles in abdomen are wanting, with two dark spots on subgenital plate, subventral plate green, lacking sensoria on V. antennal segment. Apterous Viviparous Female. Specimens late in October and in November are more or less covered with a distinct whitish pulverulence, are smaller, and darker green than in the summer. Larve of these same broods have antenne, cornicles and legs blackish or dark brown, body with more or less whitish pulverulence, which is especially marked and distinct on distal half of hind tibia; very different from larve in spring or summer. Winged Male.—Wing expanse, 9 mm.; Length, 2.5 mm.; width, eos mm.; Antenne, 3:.62.mm., 01l..°o.77 mm; IV.) 0.71 mmiee Ves oa wmimes) Vili) 0.23) mim, wel aro2smmiss Dibia, 157 mm, TE, 1.50 mm.; III., 1.90 mm.; Cauda, 0.24 mm.; Cornicles, 0.50 mm. Average of 3 specimens. Dorsal aspect head yellowish, ocelli black, eyes red, mesal line darker, a dark spot either side of meson caudally; ventral aspect head and thorax yellow, except mesosternum which is deep olive brown to blackish, shining, chitinous; rostrum reaches to centre of mesosternum, prothorax dorsally yellowish-green, thoracic dorsal plates dark-olivaceous to blackish ; legs yellowish or reddish brown, tips of femora and tibia, and tarsi black ; large blackish pleural spot on either side of mesothorax and two smaller spots caudad of it at bases of mesa and metacoxe ; abdomen light green, slightly whitish pulverulent, three or four lateral blackish spots cephalad of cornicles ; cornicles green, tips black ; cauda green ; 38 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. irregular horizontal spots on either side of abdomen around pores of connexivum above spiracles. VARIETIES. Specimens of /Vectarophora, on lettuce: collected at Lexington, Ky., in Feb., 1895 (Nos. 12, 26), kindly loaned me by Prof. H. Garman; on lettuce in Baltimore County, Md., Feb., 1899 (No. 14), by Prof. W. G. Johnson ; and onclover at Ames, Iowa (Nos. 16, 28), by Mr. F. A. Sirrine ; have all been carefully studied and measured. A similar form was also taken at Milford, Del., on peas, May 1, 1900. The dimensions of series of these aphids, as given in the table, shade into each other and JV. destructor and fisi so as to make it impossible to separate them satisfactorily on any distinctions of size. It should be remembered that the measurements of the table merely give the average size of each series and that individual specimens vary widely from them. Numbers 12, 13, 14, 15, 26 and 27 are of the same variety. They may be distinguished by segment III. of the antennz of the apterous viviparous females bearing six to eight sensoria, about half of which are much larger than the remainder, while /V. fés¢ has but one ;_ the tips of the cornicles in both winged and wingless are reticulated as in No. 1 NV. pist from England, whereas in American forms of WV. fisz (LV. destructor) they are plain. A single winged male, seemingly of this species, was taken on lettuce at Newark, in Dec., 1899. It (No. 174) is similar to the male of fAcsz, except that it is smaller and IV. has two sensoria, which are lacking in f/sz, the sensoria on III. and V. being similar. The winged (No. 16) and apterous (No. 28) viviparous females from Towa lack the reticulation on the cornicles, and the sensoria are as in NV. pisi, though they are so much smaller that they are probably a distinct variety. The apterous forms from Iowa (No. 28) are ‘stem mothers,” having been hatched from winter eggs. They differ from the other apterous forms in the shorter antennz and legs, and in VII. being shorter than III. It is not unusual, however, for the stem mother to differ from other broods. No distinctive characters could be found in the wing venation of any of these specimens. For the present, therefore, from the material studied, we are obliged to consider all of these specimens as varieties of /V. fisz, Kalt. A larger series and further observation of their life-histories may reveal specific distinctions, The present account is published merely to show the extreme THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 39 variability of this species (or, as it may prove to be, the likeness of several species), and the necessity of a careful study of it and allied species. The writer will be greatly indebted to any who may be able to aid him with material, preferably alive, for the prosecution of such a study. Thomas’s S. fisé (I. c.) does not seem to be the same as JW. destructor, but is quite similar to the varieties described above. NV. erigeronensis, Thos., and JV. corydalis, Oest., are very closely allied to V. pisz, but specimens of them have not come under our observation.* The types of neither seem to have been preserved. (To be continued.) *ADDENDA.—Since writing the above, Mr. O. W. Oestlund has kindly sent me specimens of these species. Concerning them he remarks : ‘‘1, N. erigeronensis is well separated from pzsi and corydalis by having the sensoria more numerous and scattered in several rows along the whole length of joint III., and by being raised above the surface or forming distinct protuberances. Front femur much shorter (0.70 mm.). Front wings shorter. Spur (VII.) of antenna equal to or not much longer than III. “©3, N. pist is a much larger form. Sensoria less numerous (15-18) and nearly in a single row, and almost absent on apical 4% of segment; not forming protuberances. Front femur much longer. Front wings larger. Spur much longer than III. (1.20 °° 0.go). ‘©3. N. corydalis comes very close to fist, and possibly too close to stand, though in the general aspect of the insect it seems quite distinct. Size smaller. Sensoria fewer in number (12-15) and in a single row. Front femur, front wings, and spur much as in pzs7.”’ The specimens sent me measured as follows : a é Antenne. Tibia. Form. Description. Date. | 6/2 2) L. | w es sl CanGce Alea L Fl IIS iS Te eb iee et W. V. Female|N. pisi ......... Oct. 28,’00] 3} 850] 270} 90 80 150 210| 32 | 85 A. V. Female.| ‘‘ Me BS 295| 100 89}70 155| 160] 225] 42 | 95 W. V. Female|N. corydalis ....|Sep. 26,'85| 4! 800] 208] 85) 290]65|57|/60/15|88] 130) 130] 190] 34 | 64 W. V. Female|N. erigeronensis|J une 27,'98) 3] 750] 220] 80} 200/55|/38/35|12|48} 83) 96] 130] 31 | 66 A. V. Female. ss = 5 200 205|55|36|33|13/53] 85] 85] 127] 30 | 76 All were collected at Minneapolis, Minn. This V. pisz is similar to Nos. 12, 13, etc. above, taken on lettuce, and shows the same differences between it and var. destructor. The specimens were collected on squash. The apterous viviparous female has 5 to 8 sensoria on III. N. corydalis seems similar to No. 15 above. It does not differ materially from Oestlund’s pzsz (as he remarks), and I think it merely a variation, possibly a distinct variety. NV. erigeronensts is a quite distinct species. In the apterous viviparous female the cornicles are thicker, more finely reticulated at apex than in f7s/, are blackish, reach beyond the cauda, curving outward; antennze dark, 9 to 15 sensoria on proximal half of III. In the winged viviparous female the antennez, tibiae, distal half of femora, apical 24 of cornicles are blackish, cornicles reach to tip of cauda ; sensoria numerous (20 or so) on III., and protuberant ; capitate hairs scattering on antennz and body, Ee. Das: 40) THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. PRELIMINARY LIST OF THE MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA OF ALBERTA, N-W.aid. BY F. H. WOLLEY DOD, CALGARY. Calgary (altitude 3,400 ft.) is strictly a prairie city, situate at the junction of the Bow and Elbow rivers, about 40 or 50 miles from the true base of the Rocky Mountains. For several hundred miles to the east, the prairie is, with the exception of a few spots on river bottoms, absolutely void of either timber or scrub. A very few miles to the west the country becomes decidedly hilly, and in places densely covered with dwarf willows. Still further west the hills increase in height, shrubs become proportionately more abundant, and several species of poplars make their appearance, the north and west sides of the hills being usually densely wooded. By far the greater portion of the material from which this list has been compiled has been taken by myself and Mr. A. Hudson during the past seven seascns amongst these hills (3,600-4,000 ft.) near the head of Pine Creek, about sixteen miles to the south-west of Calgary. This “hill-prairie,” as I will call it, and which may be looked upon as the boundary between the prairie and the foothills, is well watered by numerous creeks, and the valleys and hillsides—where not too steep—are largely grazed and cultivated, but otherwise splendid hunting grounds for the entomologist. Another favourite hunting ground, and one which has yielded many species not occurring nearer home, is about twelve miles further west, near Mr. Billings’s lumber mill. Here the poplars have given place to spruce, fir, and pine; shrubless spots outside the timber are scarce, and swamps abound. Here, in short, commence the actual Rocky Mountain foothills. Had I had leisure to explore these foothills more thoroughly, I have no doubt my list would have been largely augmented. Two entomological trips have been made further into the hills to the south-west, to Mr. Lineham’s lower log camp, on the south fork of Sheep Creek. On the first of these expeditions Mr. Hudson was successful in discovering several species of butterflies not seen elsewhere, but during the second, when I accompanied him, all the elements seemed combined against us. From the end of October till nearly the end of April there is practically no outdoor work for the entomologist in this district. With the first few days of spring good work may be done after dark at sallow blossoms, provided the thermometer is a few degrees above freezing point. Almost before sallows have ceased to be attractive, Hredia THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 41 adiscoidalis and Chionobas alberta are out in swarms. Species continue to appear in gradually increasing numbers until July, which is perhaps the best all-round month. Treacle may be worked with success from about the middle of June, sometimes earlier, and in some years (notably in 1894 and 1896) is very prolific until the middle of September, and attractive to a few autumn species even in early October. On one or two nights during the above mentioned years moths positively swarmed on the treacled fence posts. About eighty moths on a single treacle patch at one time and fifty-five or sixty species in a night’s treacling is about my record. They couldn’t have been thicker on the treacle, simply because there wasn’t room! ‘That was during hot, dry seasons. ‘The last two seasons (1899 and 1900) have been cold and wet, and absolute failures as regards treacling, and Lepidoptera on the whole have been extremely scarce. When I say that during the present year (1900) we had four of five inches of snow on the ground on June 8th, and again on August 25th, and add, moreover, that these storms were only a very few degrees colder than many of those that occurred frequently during the whole summer, it may well be imagined that captures were few and far between. However, at this altitude and proximity to the eastern slope of the Rockies, summer frosts are of frequent occurrence even in the hottest seasons, and the minimum nightly temperature is rarely above 4o degrees. For some reason or other, treacle put on green poplars is rarely, if ever, of any use. The trees must be dead and dry. I usually treacle fence posts, preferring those with the bark on. Attraction of moths by light has not on the whole been by any means a success, though it has produced several species that have not been captured by other means. In a warm, dry season—/. ¢., when moths are thickest—the sky is usually too clear for light to have sufficient attraction, and in wet seasons, when the sky is more frequently overcast and the nights consequently darker, moths are scarce. Owing to the shortness of the season, very few species are double-brooded here, and most of those that are are only partially so, the second brood consisting of but a few stragglers. The fauna of this district was practically unknown five or six years ago, and even now specialists not only differ “inter se,’ but are often undecided as to the identity of some of my species even after seeing long series. The fact of living so far from ‘‘ headquarters,” of course, adds largely to my difficulty in getting correct names. Many of my names, therefore, are, and are likely to remain for some time longer, doubtful ; 42 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. but where such doubt exists, I have, in the following list, explained the circumstances as best I can, quoting the authorities who have seen my specimens, and, where my own opinion differs from theirs, stating grounds for my verdict. Breeding from the egg would doubtless clear up many doubts, as well as cause many surprises, but, unfortunately, I have never been able to spare the necessary time and attention for such useful experiments. It is also much to my regret that I have never been able to spend much time collecting after the middle of July. On this account I am very poorly represented in some obscure species, notably in the genus Argynnis. This is the more unfortunate by reason of some of the. representatives of that genus here in the West being very difficult to place. My thanks are due to Prof. J. B. Smith, who has done all in his power to assist me in naming my Noctuidz ; also to Messrs. Elwes,W. H. Edwards, Drs. Ottolengui, Fletcher, Skinner, Holland, and others who have from time to time named specimens for me. Mr. Bean worked the Laggan district for several years, in the mountains near the western boundary of Alberta, and a few of my records are on his authority. Mr. Sanson, of Banff Museum, and Mr. P. B. Gregson, of Lacombe, about a hundred miles north of Calgary, have also kindly assisted with supplementary lists. (To be continued.) ON SOME DIPTERA BRED FROM COW-MANURE. BY L. O. HOWARD, WASHINGTON, D. C. In the summer of 1889, while engaged in an investigation of the habits and life-history of the horn fly of cattle (Yaematobia serrata), the writer at various times brought to Washington from different points in Virginia, large quantities of cow-manure collected in the field, and eventu- ally succeeded in working out the ‘complete life-history of the horn fly, as displayed in Insect Life, Vol. II., No. 4, October, 1889. In this article the statement is made, in concluding, that the observations were greatly hindered and rendered difficult by the fact that fresh cow-dung is the nidus for a number of species of Diptera, some about the same size and general appearance as the horn fly, and that no less than twenty distinct species of flies had been reared from horse- and cow-dung, mainly the latter, and six species of parasitic insects as well. The plan finally adopted of securing the isolation of the horn flies Was to remove the eggs THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 43 from the surface of the dung and place them with dung which was absolutely fresh and collected practically as it fell from the cow. A report upon the other species was promised, but was never published, although Professor Riley, in his report for 1890, listed eight parasites, only two of which were specifically detérmined. The writer’s recent investigations of the insect fauna of human excre- ment (Proc. Wash. Acad. of Sciences, Vol. II., pp. 541-604—Dec. 28, 1900) aroused his interest in the general subject of coprophagous insects, and the flies reared in 1889-90, from cow-dung, were looked up and have been named by Mr. D. W. Coquillett. The list is so interesting that it should be recorded. It will be noticed that several of the species are identical with those found breeding in human excrement. ‘These are: Sarcophaga incerta, Helicobia quadrisetosa, Musca domestica, Morellia micans, Myospila meditabunda, Ophyra leucostoma, Sepsis violacea, Sphaerocera subsultans and Limosina albipennis. The rearing of Cerato- pogon specularis from cow-dung is of especial interest, since, down to the record inthe Washington Academy paper just referred to, no insects of this genus had been found to be coprophagous. Some of the other records are interesting for the same reason. ‘ihe list follows : Family CECIDOMYID&. Diplosis, sp. Issued Dec. 26, 1889; and Jan. 18, 1890 ; 4 specimens. Family MycreropuILib&. Sctara, sp. Issued March 26 and 29, 1890; 2 specimens. Family CHIRONOMID&. Camptocladius byssinus, Schrank. Issued Jan. 2, 1890. Issued Dec. 31, 1889; and March 25, 1890; g specimens. Camptocladius minimus, Meigen. Issued Dec. 23, 26, 27, 30 and 31, 1889 ; and Jan. 13, 18, and March 25, 1890; 12 specimens. Ceratopogon specularis, Coq. Issued August 28, 1889. Issued Dec, 30, 1889 ; 6 specimens. Psychoda minuta, Banks. Issued Dec. 26, 30 and 31, 1889; and Jan. 11, 1890; 4 Specimens. Family RHyYPHIDé. Rhyphus punctatus, Fabr. Issued Sept. 2, 3 and 4, 1889. Issued Jan. 13, 16,.18, 20, 22, 24and 29, Feb: 1, March 26 and 29, and April 5 and 9, 1890; 64 specimens. Family SARCOPHAGID. Sarcophaga incerta, Walker. Issued Aug. 31, 1889. Issued Aug. 30, 1889 ; 7 Specimens, 44 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Sarcophaga, sp. Issued April 23, 1890; 1 specimen. Flelicobia quadrisetosa, Cog. Issued Aug. 6 and 30, 1889; 2 speci- mens. Pollenia rudis, Fabr. Issued Dec. 23, 1889 ; 1 specimen. Family Muscip&. Musca domestica, Linne. Issued Aug. 30 and Sept. 2 and 4, 1889 ; 20 specimens, Morellia micans, Macq. Issued Aug. 30, 1899. Issued Dec. 23, 26, 27,28, 0300 and sio916a0s)al. 32) 6) 80; 10, 11,13, “14, 16, one 18, z0, 25 and 27, Feb. 1, March 25, April 5 and 9, 1890; 125 speci- mens. Myospila meditabunda, Fabr. Issued Aug. 26, 28, 29, 30, Dec. 23, 1889; Jan. 9, March 25, 26, April 2, 9, 14, 15, 1890. Issued April s, 1890; 48 specimens, fTematobia serrata, Desv. Sept. 17; 2 specimens. Family ANTHOMYID&. Hydrotea armipes, Fallen. Issued Sept. 27, 30, Oct. 4, 1889 ; Jan. 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, April 24, 18903; 38 specimens. fHHyetodesia umbratica, Meigen. Issued Feb. 13, 21, April 2,.9, 14, 15, 1890. Ophyra leucostoma, Wied. Issued Sept. 6, 1889 ; 11 specimens. Limnophora, sp. Issued Aug. 30, 31, 1889; 5 specimens. Cenosia ata, Walker. Issued April 25, 1890; 1 specimen. Cenosia flavicoxe, Stein. Issued Aug. 31, 1889 ; 4 specimens. Phorbia, sp. Issued March 29, 1890; t specimen. Family SEPSID#. Sepsis violacea, Meigen. Issued Aug. 28, 1889 ; 8 specimens. Family BoRBoRID&. Spherocera subsultans, Fabr. Issued Aug. 30, 1889 ; 7 specimens. Limosina albipennis, Rondani. Issued August 28, Dec. 23, 1889; 2 specimens, ACKNOWLEDGMENT. I desire to publicly express the deep indebtedness of the Entomolog- ical Society of Ontario to O. C. Poling, Esq., of Quincy, Ill., for his generous gift to its exotic collection, of a box of mounted butterflies in prime condition, numbering 50 specimens of 30 named species and varieties, many of them being exquisitely beautiful forms. J. Atston Morrat, Curator, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45 NEW JASSIDA) FROM THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN AND PACIFIC REGION. BY E. D. BALL, FORT COLLINS, COLO. ( Continued from page 17.) EuTETT1xX MILDRED, DN. sp. Form and general appearance of pzu/che//a ; colour pattern of scaber, but with extra markings, and different colours on pronotum and elytra. Length, 5.5 mm. ; width, 1.75 mm. Vertex slightly angularly rounded, transversely depressed before the apex; front as in scader, the margin between front and vertex more strongly produced. Pronotum slightly angularly rounding anteriorly, much more so than in scader ; lateral angles scarcely apparent, rounding from eye ; pronotum and scutelium convex, elevated. Colour: vertex orange yellow, paler at base ; scutellum orange, the basal angles and the margins at apex irrorate with fuscous. Pro- notum dirty white, some black spots next the eyes; disc irrorate, pale olive brown, omitting an oval spot on the posterior disc on either side and the median line. Elytra milk white, with black margined areas of olive brown, as follows: All of clavus except a semicircular spot at base and another at middle of claval suture ; an oblique band on corium, beyond this spot narrowing tothe costa. There are three pairs of black spots along the sutural margin of clavus, the apical pair largest. The claval suture between the white spots, and the anterior and costal margins of the oblique band, heavily black. Inner apical cells and a few spots on costa irrorate with black. Face orange, a black spot on outer angle of either lora. Below pale yellow and fuscous. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of the female about twice the length of the penultimate, the posterior margin broadly, slightly rounding, the median third produced in two rounding lobes; the notch between them not as deep as their length, the lobes usually black ; male valve obtusely triangular, a little over half the length of the ultimate segment ; plates long triangular, about three times the length of the valve, the apex attenuate, filamentous, together with the margin clothed with long silky hairs. Described from three females from Colorado Springs, taken by the author, and fourteen examples of both sexes from Manitou, collected by Prof. Van Duzee. This is one of the prettiest Jassids that I have ever seen, and I take pleasure in naming it after my wife, whose careful drawings will add much to the value of my future synoptic work. 46 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. EUTETTIX PERELEGANTIS, ND. sp. Form and colour pattern of AZi/dred@, slightly smaller and darker. Length, 5 mm. ; width, 1.5 mm. Vertex slightly more angular than in J/7/drede, distinctly longer on middle than against eye, transversely depressed ; front narrower than in Mildrede, not rounding in to the clypeus. Pronotum not as convex, the posterior margin scarcely emarginate. Colour: vertex pale creamy, six equidistant, pale fulvous spots on margin, basal half sparsely irrorated with pale fulvous. Pronotum dirty white, heavily marked with black behind the eyes ; a broad parellel mar- gined stripe on either side the median line, olive brown. Scutellum brownish fuscous, irrorate with pale, a small spot at apex, a pair of larger quadrangular ones on lateral margins back of the suture, and a minute one at each basal angle, milk white. Elytra, colour and pattern as in JZ7/- drede. Face dirty white spots on lore as in the former species. Below fuscous and pale. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of the female over twice the length of the penultimate, the posterior margin broadly rounding, the median fourth roundingly emarginate one-fourth the depth, with a stout median tooth often bidentate at the apex ; male valve obtusely triangular, the apex roundingly truncate, trilobate ; plates three times the length of the valve, long triangular, the apex acute, filamentous, margins with silky hairs. Described from five females and one male from Salida, Ridgway and Durango, Colo, Readily separated from J7/7/drede@ by the colour pattern of the vertex, pronotum and scutellum, and the distinct female segment. EUTETTIX SAUCIA, 0D. sp. Form and general appearance of scaver, smaller and paler, the vertex mostly pale. Length, 4.5 mm. ; width, 1.5 mm. Vertex longer, narrower and more angulated than in scader ;' face narrower above, longer than its basal width, rounding to the clypeus. The pronotum broadly and evenly rounding in front, truncate behind, almost twice the length of the vertex. Colour: vertex pale yellow, six minute points on anterior margin and three irregular irrorate patches on posterior margin brownish fuscous. Pronotum white, coarsely irrorate with dull brown except a narrow lateral margin and traces of three pale lines. Scutellum more finely irrorate, three ivory white points in a triangle beyond the transverse line. Elytra THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 47 milky white, closely and finely irrorate with dull brown, as follows: All of clavus except a narrow strip along basal two-thirds of claval suture, once or twice interrupted and broadened at the end; a rather narrow oblique strip across corium beyond this and some irregular markings towards the apex, which form two definite spots on the costa. Two pairs of pale spots along the sutural margin of clavus. Face pale yellow, below pale and fuscous. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of the female nearly twice longer than penultimate, the posterior margin nearly truncate from the rounding angles, with two triangular, slightly protruding, median teeth ; male valve very obtusely triangular; plates long triangular, their apices attenuate, black, clothed with fine silky hair. Described from a pair from Denver, a male from Fort Collins, Colo., and another from Tucson, Ariz. This species is closely allied to scader, from which the longer vertex, smaller form, lighter colour and absence of distinct band on vertex will easily distinguish it. EUTETTIX SCITULA, N. sp. Resembling semnuda, but with the pronotum darkened up. Length, 5-5 mm.; width, 1.5 mm. Vertex almost parallel margined, twice wider than long, half the length of the pronotum, strongly depressed. Front rather flat, its length and breadth about equal. Pronotum long, its lateral angles distinct, disc but feebly convex. Colour: vertex pale creamy yellow, six pale fulvous spots along the anterior margin, sometimes a pair of spots near eyes on basal half. Pronotum dull white, coarsely irrorate with dark fulvous, omitting the pale yellow anterior margin. Traces of three pale stripes. Scutellum pale, the fine dark brown irrorations usually heaviest in a spot just within the basal angles on either side, and another behind the transverse suture. Three spots in a triangle on apical half ivory white; posterior disc light. Elytra milky white, a few coarse brown irrorations along the humeral and sutural margins before the middle, a transverse band behind the middle as in seminuda, but darker brown, and some irregular infuscations towards apex. Face and below pale yellow, pale fuscous arcs on front. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of female twice the length of penultimate, the posterior margin slightly rounding, with two small round- ingly angular, median teeth ; male valve obtusely triangular ; plates long triangular, their apices attenuate, infuscate. 48 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Described from numerous specimens from Fort Collins, Pueblo, Salida and Grand Junction, Colo. This species is most closely related to seminuda, but the genitalia and pronotal band will at once distinguish it. EUTETTIX PULLATA, Nn. Sp. Form and general appearance of scz¢u/a, but darker, approaching perelegantis in shade, but lacking the definite pattern of that species. Length, 5.5 mm. ; width, 1.5 mm. Vertex two and one-half times wider than long, half the length of the pronotum, transverse depression very shallow, front broad and flat. Pronotum rather flat, scutellum transversely depressed, the apex swollen, elevated. Colour: vertex white or pale yellow, a narrow fuscous line just in front of eyes, in front of which are four dots, and behind which are three large irregular, sometimes confluent, irrorate patches. Pronotum light, coarsely and somewhat sparseiy irrorate with brown. Scutellum with a brownish fuscous patch just w'thin each corner, disc pale or orange yellow. Elytral pattern as in scétw/a, but broader and darker; clavus entirely reticulated except for two transverse bands, one at base and a broader, interrupted one before the middle, the white area of the corium with a few dots or reticulations. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of female three times the length of the penultimate, the posterior margin broadly rounding, the median fourth triangularly excavated, the apex of this excavation broad, rounding or bidentate ; male genitalia as in scétuda, valve obtuse, plates long triangular, the margins straight, tips attenuate. Described from eighteen specimens from Manitou (Van Duzee), and five from Colorado Springs and Salida, Colo., by the author. EUTETTIX MUNDA, N. sp. Form of jucunda, Uhler, longer and redder. Resembling costamac- ulata, Van D., but with the costa reticulate. Length, ? 6 mm., ¢ 5 mm.; width, 1.75 mm. Vertex sloping, transversely depressed, parallel margined, three times wider than long, two-fifths the pronotal length; front longer than its basal width, the margins evenly narrowing to the clypeus. Elytra broad, much longer than the body, the apices flaring; venation distinct, the second cross nervure present, joining the fork of the inner branch of the first sector in nearly a straight line, the inner continuation of this fork leaving this line at about the middle. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 49 Colour: vertex fulvous, a pair of approximate spots on tip, and sometimes a spot on either side of disc at base, fuscous. Pronotum pale olive, somewhat washed with fulvous, the posterior disc omitting the margins irrorate with testaceous. Scutellum pale, the apex and a point on each lateral margin ivory white, a pair of spots between these, black, a large spot just inside either basal angle and a pair of dots on disc testace- ous. Elytra milky white, reticulated with coarse pigment lines between the sectors, and washed with brown ; a definite light band at base, widest on the costa, and a narrower, less definite one across the second cross nervure, a heavy fuscous spot before the middle of the sutural margin, a smaller one behind, shut off by a white crescent, and a third at apex of clavus. Apical cells somewhat infuscate. Face fulvous, below pale fulvous. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of the female over twice the length of the penultimate, the lateral margins narrowing to the slightly produced lateral angles, posterior margin between these angles truncate with a slightly produced, rounding, median lobe. Male valve obtusely angular, the apex produced, plates broad, slightly concavely narrowing to an acute point, four times the length of the valve, the apex curving up. Described from seven females from Palmer Lake, Salida, Ridgway, Dolores and Durango, Colo., and one from White Mts., N. Mex., from Prof. Cockerell. EuTETTix MANITOU, 0. sp. Form and general appearance of modesta. Smaller and more dis- tinctly golden yellow, especially in the male. Length, 9 4.5 mm., ¢ 3.75 mm.; width, 2 1.5 mm., ¢ I mm. Vertex a trifle over half as long as its basal width, evenly rounding or very slightly angulate, disc slightly depressed, passage to front more rounding than in the preceding species. Pronotum more rounding anteriorly than usualin this genus. Elytra very flaring in the female, scarcely so in male, venation as in ocu/ea, claval nerves tied together and to the suture before the middle, central anteapical cell constricted, usually divided. Colour: female, vertex pale yellow, a pair of approximate spots at apex fuscous. Pronotum pale olive washed with golden, omitting about three pale stripes. Elytra milky, nervures brown, becoming fuscous before apex and on costa, disc with a testaceous brown cloud which is interrupted by a narrow, parallel margined, transverse light band just before the black-tipped clavus and another irregular band before the 50 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. apical cells. A few light spots at base of clavus and along the suture. Male, vertex lemon yellow, pronotum, scutellum, all the clavus and the adjoining part of corium bright golden yellow. Apical and costal margins of elytra yellowish subhyaline, the apical veins and the apex of clavus fuscous, some milky spots around the second cross nervure. Genitalia: ultimate ventral segment of female three times the length of the penultimate, the posterior margin very slightly rounding with a broad, median production which is rounding or slightly bilobed; male valve very broad, obtusely rounding, the apex produced, plates four times the length of the valve, concavely narrowing, the margins and apex upturned. Described from four females and two males from Manitou and one male from Dolores, Colo. The two Manitou males were taken by Prof. Van Duzee. The females of this species are quite similar to modesta, but the male is much smaller and of a bright golden yellow. The genitalia are quite distinctive. EUTETTIX OCULEA, N. Sp. Similar to jucunda in form, slightly broader and shorter, vertex fulvous. Eyes bright red. Elytra lacking the brownish cast of munda. Length, 2 4.75 mm., ¢ 4.25 mm. Vertex not quite half as long as its basal width, two-thirds the length of the pronotum ; the front longer than its basal width, clypeus broadly expanded at apex. Elytra rather broad and flaring, much longer than body, venation as in munda. Colour: vertex fulvous, a pair of spots on the apex, a line in the depression and a spot on either side of the disc testaceous. Pronotum milky, the anterior margin washed with fulvous, anterior half of disc irrorate with fuscous. Scutellum pale fulvous, the basal angles and a pair of spots on the disc testaceous, the transverse line black. Elytra milky, the nervures and transverse pigment lines along claval suture, the costal margin and a spot in the central anteapical cell fuscous. A few fuscous spots along the sutural margin and on the apical veins. Face fulvous, front washed with testaceous, femora dark. Eyes bright red. Genitalia : ultimate ventral segment of female three times the length of the preceding, lateral margins narrowing, posterior margin slightly angularly produced from just within the lateral angles, the apex roundingly bilobed ; male valve very broad and short, posterior margin nearly truncate, with a median tooth, plates broad, concavely narrowing, their apices attenuate, the inner margins of which are concave. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. St Described from fourteen specimens from Rifle, Ridgway and Dolores, Colo. This and the two preceding species belong to a small group which includes jucunda, Uhler; costamaculata, Van D., and modesta, O. & B. They possess the second cross nervure, and have been referred to Ad/ygus by some authors. ATHYSANUS LITIGIOSUS, ND. Sp. Broad and short, vertex almost parallel margined. Colour pale, with three transverse bands on vertex and dense irrorations on pronotum and elytra fuscous. Length, 5 mm.; width, nearly 2 mm. Vertex broad and short, scarcely extending in front of the eyes, two and one-half times wider than long, scarcely longer on middle than against eye. Front very broad above, narrow below, scarcely longer than wide, disc feebly convex. Pronotum broadest behind, where it equals or slightly exceeds the width of the eyes, nearly three times the length of the vertex. Elytra broad, venation strong, resembling extrusus, the central anteapical cell rather long, enlarged at the apex. Colour: anterior half of vertex black, almost divided into two transverse bands by a light line which is parallel with the yellow line separating the vertex and front, posterior half of vertex orange yellow, divided by an interrupted transverse fuscous band. Pronotum ivory white, heavily irrorate and vermiculate with fuscous, a few definite spots behind the eyes. Scutullem dark testaceous, the margins and a pair of irregular longitudinal lines white. Elytra ivory white, the nervures and many irregular reticulations fuscous.a band on tip and another across the apex of the clavus, a spot on the costa between the bands and another in the inner discoid cell fuscous. Between these bands subhyaline, especially along the margin. Face all black except a light line just below and parallel with the basal line. Legs black, the spines and an annulus on the posterior tarsus orange. Genitalia: male valve broad and obtuse, angular, plates broad at base, about twice the length of the ultimate segment, roundingly narrowing to the acute apices, from which extend a pair of short divergent filaments. Described from a single male received from Mexico (O. W. B.) ; probably from Cuernavaca. It is very distinct from any described form, and is not a typical At¢hysanus. The head and markings suggest Scaphoideus, but the form is too broad, ‘The elytra are very much like some PA/epsius forms, Or bo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. NEPTICULA POMIVORELLA, Packarp; ALIAS MICRO- PTERYX POMIVORELLA, Packarp. BY AUGUST BUSCK, WASHINGTON, D. C. During a visit to Professor Fernald, in Amherst, Mass., last spring, he showed me a Nepticula, bred from Apple, which he had described in manuscript as a new species, but which he afterwards had suspected to be MWicropteryx pomivorella, Packard. From reading the description and life-history of Packard’s species, I felt sure that it was a Nepticula and presumably the same as Professor Fernald’s species, and a week after, while studying the collection in the Agassiz Museum, Cambridge, I obtained definite proof that we were right. There I found Packard’s type—imago and cocoon—in rather poor condition, but easily recognizable as a typical Nepticula and similar to a large series of fine bred specimens in the U. S. National Museum. The habit of this species of forming its cocoon on the twigs or the branches instead of descending to the ground, as is rather more common in the genus, makes the cocoon hable to be confounded with that of Coptodisca (Aspidisca) splendoriferella, Clemens, which is also frequently found in numbers on Apple. Both have been mistaken for scale insects. By a common hand-lens, however, they can be easily separated, as the Nepticula cocoon is made of matted silk, while the Coptodisca cocoon consists of two small, oval, pieces of the epidermis of the leaf cut out and spun together at the edges and fastened to the twig by small short silk bands. The mines of the two insects are also easily distinguished, that of the Nepticula being a long narrow serpentine track only slightly widened as the larva grows, and, if empty, witha semicircular slit at the end in the upper epidermis, through which the larva has escaped; while the Coptodisca mine, which also begins as a narrow track, soon broadens out into a several times wider, more or less circular blotch, and when empty shows the oval hole in the leaf, where the larva has cut out the upper and lower epidermis for its case. To distinguish between the shining dark Nepticula imago with its tufted reddish-yellow head and the large eye-caps and that of the equally shining light-coloured smooth-headed Coptodisca does not of course present any difficulties. The following are some of the more important references only to: Nepticula pomivorella, Packard ; Micropteryx pomivorella, Packard, 17th Aun. Rep. Bd. Agr., pp. 237-8, 1870; Amer. Naturalist, Vol. IV., p. 685, 1871; Hayden, Bull. Geo: Survey, Vol. [V., p. 157,187) J- B. Smith, List of Lep. No. 6020, 1891; Bull. No. 26 (new series), Dept. of Agr., p. 94, 1900. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 53 DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. BY WILLIAM BARNES, M. D., DECATUR, ILL. Euhalisidota Otho, n. sp. Dasylophia Melanopa, n. sp. Edema Suavis, n. sp Euthyatira Superba, n. sp. Dasylophia Saturata, n. sp. Feralia Brillians, n. sp. Euhalisidota Otho, n. sp. g, expanse 234 in.; 2, 2% in. Fore wings long, pointed, apices depressed, of a uniform pale, rather dirty yellowish colour. There iSma row of short intravenular dashes which form a narrow blackish line from apex to inner margin close to thorax. In the females this is almost straight, in the males it has somewhat of a downward curve. Another row of somewhat sagittal-shaped spots forms a second dark band from apex to inner margin a little within inner angle. Hind wings yellowish, semitranslucent, inner third dusky. Discal dot small, black. These markings, while distinct, are not heavy or pronounced. Thorax a little darker than wings. Abdomen dusky above, anal tuft yellowish. Beneath as above, only fainter. Thorax, legs and abdomen same, except inner side of fore femora, which are somewhat orange. Palpi dusky at extreme tip. Antenne dusky, narrowly bipectinate in g¢, broadly so in Q. The ¢ has the dusky shades darker than in the 9, the abdomen being quite dark blackish brown above, contrasting with the light anal tuft. Types 2 pair in my collection from Huachuca Mt., Arizona. I take pleasure in naming this species after Mr. Otho C. Poling, of Quincy, Ill., as a slight token of my appreciation of the many favours he has done me. Edema Suavis, n sp. Western examples of Albifrons differ from the eastern in having the dark shade below the costal white patch considerably darker. The discal mark is short, thick and black. The collar is very dark grayish black, the thoracic patch being only a little if any lighter. Hind wings of male white, slightly dusky at base of fringes. In the female the hind wings are dusky, about same as in Albicosta. The pectinations of the ¢ antenne are considerably longer than in Albicosta, which character seems to me to entitle the insect to specific rank, otherwise I should consider it a mere variety of Albifrons. Types 4% andi @ inmy collection from Glenwood Springs and Durango, Colo. Dasylophia Saturata, n. sp. Pale yellowish or buff colour, most of the veins rendered prominent 54 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. by light brown edging on both sides. Inferior margin slightly grayish. No black basal dash as in Anguina and Melanopa. Spots at internal angle prominent. The dark shade following t. p. line about same as in Anguina, but somewhat more prominent from the contrasting lighter shade. Hind wings yellowish white, veins slightly dusky. Typer ¢ in my collection from Denver, Colorado. This is probably the Western form of Anguina, but it must be quite rare, as it is the only one I have ever received. The typical form I have from Texas, Illinois, Iowa, and Manitoba, as well as the Eastern States. The uniform buff colour, pale secondaries, and Jack of the basal dash, present an appearance quite different from the commoner Eastern form. Dasylophia Melanopa, n. sp. Considerably larger than Anguina, the ¢ being 1 and rr-16 inch in expanse and the @ 1rand15-16. Palpi externally flesh-coloured, bordered above and below with dark brown. Vestiture of head and collar ochraceous, of a darker shade between the antennz. Patagize dark gray with a narrow central black line. Thorax ochraceous centrally in front, else dark gray with traces of narrow black longitudinal lines. Abdomen evenly coloured, dark fuscous. Lighter beneath. Legs rather heavily coated with rich brown hair externally, lighter internally. Fore wings have a subquadrate basal flesh-coloured patch, the margin of which begins at base of costa, extends in an even gradual curve to where the t. a. line crosses median vein; from this point it follows the t. a. line downward a short distance and then returns to base of wing. The median vein through this space is of a somewhat darker brown. The basal space above this patch is of a rich dark brown colour, sharply limited externally by the t. a. line. The remainder of the basal space, the lower third of the terminal and the whole of the median space is of a dark gray colour, rather thickly speckled with black. The costal edge of the median space is lightly washed with reddish. A very dark brownish shade covers that portion of the wing from the t. p. line to apex, darkest along costa, gradually merging into a paler yellowish brown patch below and to the outer side. ‘This dark subapical patch extends along the t. p. line to the median vein, and seems to be a continuation of the dark basal patch, the gray median space cutting sharply through the middle of it. Four or five minute yellowish points on costa between apex and t. p. line at regular intervals. here are two black spots inside the terminal line in the submedian space and two opposite these, external to it. T. a. line THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 55 double, distinct, filled with gray, quite evenly scalloped. TT. p. line distinet, especially above median vein, light filled. Subterminal line brown, deeply toothed above median vein, more even in the next two spaces and reduced to two small round spots in two following. ‘The spaces between the teeth down to the median vein are filled with biuish gray externally and yellowish brown internally, the veins being narrowly lined with brown. ‘Three or four dark dashes precede the lighter space. A fine dotted line at base of fringes, which are yellowish gray, darker at ends of veins. Secondaries blackish fuscous externally, gradually light- ening somewhat internally, fringes paler. Beneath fore wings blackish, costa with two or three dark spots and about an equal number of light ones. Veins at outer margin prominently margined with buff-coloured scales. Hind wings somewhat lighter than above, veins as on fore wings. The ¢ differs in having the colouring much less pronounced, the basal space being largely encroached upon and obscured with blackish, the median vein being black. Hind wings lighter above and both wings very much lighter below. ‘Types 1 pair inmy collection from Huachuca Mts., Arizona. Euthyatira Superba, n. sp. f expanse 15 inches. Head and thorax light brown with a purplish tinge, the latter marbled with lighter purplish shades. Abdomen yellowish fuscous, tufted. Palpi yellowish, externaliy darker, terminal joint dark fuscous. ‘Tongue yellow. Fore wings brownish, costa some- what shaded with black, ordinary markings indistinct. ‘T. p. line double, lunulate, obscured at costal end by the dark shade. T. a. line black, indefinite. Reniform ovate, erect, brown centred, lighter ringed, not prominent. Orbicular a small scarcely discernible yellowish spot. Veins lightly shaded with black a short distance on either side of t. p. line. Fringes yellow with a darker yellow basal line. Terminal line dark, lunulate, cutting fringes along veins. The lunules are filled with ground colour in centre of wing, becoming more yellowish towards apex and internal angle. Pinkish white scales line the excavations of the terminal line, lightly towards apex, scarcely discernible at middle of wing and prominently so towards inner angle. There are five large, prominent, sharply-defined light-coloured spots on the wing. ‘These are more or less completely ringed with white and filled with shades of pink and yellowish brown. The basal one is largest, extending completely across wing and outwardly tot. a. line, the course of which it follows. 56 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The upper portion is filled with shades of pink and white, the lower by a double yellowish blotch. At the middle of the inner margin is a subquadrangular brownish spot, bordered above and to outer side with white. The spot at inner angle is oval, the lower edge cut squarely off by inner margin. Apical spot ovate, pink-filled, little or no trace of brown, white bordered along inner edge and inner portion of lower. The fifth spot is on costal edge, just within the apical, with which it is connected by a narrow white dash running from the middle of the costal to lower edge of apical, it is round, filled with yellowish brown and entirely bordered with pinkish white. There are one or two minute white points on costa between the two spots. Hind wings dark fuscous, fringe lighter, a faint narrow, lighter median band. Beneath wings yellowish white, spots of upper surface faintly discernible. Legs quite thickly coated with hair of a light purplish-yellow colour. Type 1 9 in my collection from Huachuca Mts., Arizona. Kindly presented to me by my friend, Mr. Poling. Feralia LBrillians, n. sp. Ground colour a brilliant grass green, ordinary lines black, shaded with white. Front vertex and collar green, varying in shade in different specimens, but in all lighter than thorax. Patagiz and thorax dark green, the former fringed with whitish, as is also the thorax posteriorly. There is a fine black line at base of collar and some black hairs scattered along the patagize next to the white margin. At base of thorax there are also black hairs,which are apparently clustered into two or three tufts, but this may have been caused by the pins. Abdomen bronze brown, the anterior edge of segments fringed with green. Beneath whitish, except at tip, which is black. Thorax beneath pale greenish white, as are also the legs, except the tarsi, which are ringed with black and yellowish white. Antenne fuscous above, yellow beneath. Palpi blackish externally, yellowish internally. Tongue yellow. Fore wings darker and lighter shades of the same tint of green, beautifully variegated by the bright black lines and white shades. Basal half line black, distinct, narrowly shaded with white externally. T. a. and t. p. lines strongly convergent at inner margin and connected by a short black dash just before reaching it. T.a. line black, heavy, general direction strongly outwardly oblique, irregularly scalloped. In one specimen it is more or less broken. Promi- nently shaded with white internally. T. p. line regularly scalloped, curved widely around cell, then nearly in a direct line to inner margin very THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 57 close to t. a. line, rather narrowly shaded with white externally. S. t. line black scalloped, inclined to be fragmentary, especially heavy at costa and just before reaching inner margin. Costa inclined to be lighter than ground colour, especially outer half, dotted with black. | Orbicular large, round, bordered by a fine black line, within which is a narrow white shade,centre filled with green. Reniform large, upright, constricted, black ringed, a white ring lining the black encroaches largely on the green filling, dividing it into an upperand a lower patch. Fringes whitish, checkered with bronze between the veins. At the inner angle the check extends through the terminal space to the s. t. line, forming a conspicuous quadrangular bronze patch. Hind wings white, tinged with pale green outwardly, a few dark scales at inner angle. Fringes checkered white and pale green. Beneath pale greenish, lower portions of both wings lighter, markings of upper surface traceable. There is a rather prominent patch of dark scales on costa at inception of s. t. line, and in some specimens indications of one or two other costal patches. Types 2 pair in my collection. Huachuca Mts., Arizona. TABLE TO SEPARATE THE GENERA AND SUBGENERA OF COCEID AW RELATED TO: LECANIUM+* BY T. D. A. COCKERELL AND P. J. PARROTT. The following table of the forms related to Lecanium must be regarded as provisional, pending a thorough study of the different stages of the now very numerous described species. Certain species will be found not to fit into the table at all, but we defer the proposal of new generic names for them, pending further studies : 1. Female flat or slightly convex, legs and antenne slender, normal... 5. 2. Female convex, usually hemispherical, hard when mature ; pe a antenna: slender, normals. 4< 965 +. 3. Female more or less spherical, closely ee ablite Wein Tar is 4. Female not so; or antenne and legs gape or more or lest rudi- mentary . LORE SC BALE DSi eee 5. Female with marginal Haire bods aa moderately COMVES (she Ss Bm f eas < .. Calymnatus, Costa. Female Pits ania: one Ate hava with large tessella- tions. Screed a Aa eae .. Eucalymnatus, Ckll., n subg. IG ype Lecanium tessellatum, Sign.) Female with marginal fan-shaped scales........ Paralecanium, Ckll. ¥A continuation of the tables in CANAD. Envom., Nov., 1899, p. 333. This part completes the Lecaniinz, 58 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 6, Skin microscopically tessellated ; holarctic group. . Hu/ecanium, Ckll. Skin with polygonal areas containing pits; tropical STOUP «<2. SR Soe as ss NR Ale a ee ROEOOERRE, UDeD eunGmes. 7. Male scale of the JLecanium type; _ holarctic group. Tae riuseenn.. Lkysokermes, Targioni. Male seule subeylindrical, felned evith a + assy operculum ; Aus- tralian. Rect. Songhai ace .. Cryptes, Crawford. 8. Adult felt only mioderanely convex ; antenne short, tapering from a broad base; subterranean form of the holarctic region: .............0...0.4...Lecanopsis, Targioni. Notso. : : ; : : eer, g. Adult female coveted vith 3 a more or Hess distinct lasey test ; skin crowded with large glands.. .....Meolecanium, Parrott, n. subg. pe Lecanium imbricatum, Cll.) Notso. ae. , BW el tte dee eats Rt Oke Ea eee 10. 10. diROnteun ‘of fetwale prolonged, forming a_ transversely dovrnsatel sheath.. wisisel iid odie lewis cle isin wlahm 216 ae, oe COREE A OCD ACOA. Mouth- nants sonnet Sita shchonsmatess cae sitive wi. 11. Larva greatly claneatert with eel ade duit Sime vaio legs corgantemnge 252.0 -eeeen’ «on cae we SACLE a SIenOneT. Larva otherwise ; female VETVNGONVEX ) 2 tain coh asee ges ar 2. 12. Adult female dark red-brown, very convex, about region con- spicuously segmented ; antennze short and thick, 6-jointed; legs very short, rudimentary ; Australian....AZecanopsis, Ckll., n. gen. (Type A. filicum = Lecanopsis filicum, Mask., 1893.) Adult female not thus segmented; American..... Zoumeyella, Ckll. SOME EXPERIMENTS IN THE EXPORTATION OF BENE- FICIAL INSECTS.* BY F. M. WEBSTER, WOOSTER, OHIO. I do not wish by this title to imply that there is not to be another phase to this experiment, but owing to climatic differences between Ohio and South Africa, whereby our winter months are their summer months, the export side of the problem came first. Next autumn, in South Africa, but spring with us, the tide of transportation will set in in the other direction. Mr. Chas. P. Lounsbury, Colonial Entomologist at Cape Town, South * Read before the Ohio State Academy of Science, Dec. 26, 1900, THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 59 Africa, visited me last summer, and, together, we perfected plans looking to the transportation of large numbers of our native Ohio Coccinellide to his country, with the hope of colonization there, It is but fair to say that when my former assistant, Mr. C. W. Mally, left me a year ago to take a position as Mr. Lounsbury’s assistant, we planned something of the sort to be submitted to him by Mr. Mally after reaching Cape Colony, but not then expecting to be able to complete the arrangement with Mr. Lounsbury himself in Ohio, The first consignment consisted of several hundred individuals belonging to the following species: J/egé/la maculata, Hippodamia parenthesis, Cocinella Q-notata, with scattering individuals of £7. con- vergens and some C. sanguinea. This consignment was forwarded about the middle of October. Under date of November 14, rg00, Mr. Louns- bury writes me from Cape Town as follows: It is my pleasant duty to inform you how the Coccinellids arrived. The Coccinella Q-notata carried best, and fully nine-tenths of them were ready to feed. Hzppo- damia parenthesis carried next best, with say 20 per cent. mortality. The Coccinella sanguinea were about half of them dead, and the AZegz//a maculata about three-fourths dead. A considerable number of Pen¢i/ia mise//a, a minute, black species, which feeds on the San José scale, were collected about Mentor, Ohio, by my assistants, and these were sent to Mr. Lounsbury at Boston, to be re- shipped by him to South Africa. Most of these succumbed before reach- ing Boston, and were all dead when received at Cape Town. On Octo- ber 27, however, I sent a lot of some 800 individuals of this last species to Cape Town direct, and a note from Mr. Lounsbury, dated December 4, informs me that the little fellows arrived in good shape, with lots of live beetles, and enough to start a large colony. How successful we shall be in getting these Lady beetles permanently established in their far- off home remains yet to be learned. The beetles are collected and placed in a tin box without food, and the box filled with bits of crumpled paper. The package is sent to a gentleman in New York City, so as to reach him not later than Tuesday morning. They are at once taken to the steamer and placed in a re- frigerator, and the Colonial Agent in London informed of their arrival when the steamer lands at Southampton, England. A messenger is at once dispatched to Southampton and gets the package, and sees it placed in the refrigerator of a steamer bound for Cape Town, where they are promptly delivered to Mr. Lounsbury. 60 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. PERSONAL. Pror. W. G. JOHNSON, State Entomologist of Maryland, has resigned this position in order to undertake the editorship of the American Agricul- turist ; he enters upon his new duties at the beginning of this month. His address is at the office of the American Agriculturist, 52 Lafayette Place, New York. His resignation will be a very great loss to the Agricultural College of Maryland, and to the farming and horticultural interests of the State. His scientific knowledge of entomology and his practical application of it to husbandry and fruit-growing, combined with his untiring energy and boundless enthusiasm, have rendered his services as State Entomologist of more than ordinary value. His work in connection with the use of hydrocyanic acid gas as an insecticide is especially noteworthy. It is to be hoped that he will not entirely drop out of the ranks of economic entomologists, but will continue to take an active interest in the progress of this department of the science and its beneficial employment for the welfare of the community. While we deplore the withdrawal of Prof. Johnson from the active prosecution of economic work in entomology, we are glad to know that he is to fill so important a position as the editor of one of the most in- fluential agricultural publications in America. He will still be able to take a large share in the work of educating his countrymen to realize the importance of a knowledge of insects and their ways, and to carry out in practice for the preservation of their crops the information that has been gained by the careful studies and experiments of those devoted to the pursuit. We desire to unite with his many friends in the wish that Prof. Johnson may meet with the utmost success in his new position, and be enabled to accomplish much good and useful work of a literary, scientific and practical character. Mailed February 5th, 1901. | The # anailiany ¥, VoL. XXXIII. LONDON, MARCH, 1901. No. 3 ntomologist, NEW HISTORIES IN HYDR@GCIA. BY HENRY BIRD, RYE, N. Y. (Continued from Vol. XXXII., page 283.) Continuing under this heading, the writer would offer a few remarks subservient to a fuller knowledge of the early stages of this genus, which may be considered supplementary to some former papers that have appeared. There is some discussion at present in the current literature as to whether the term Gortyna, Och., should not replace //ydrecia, Gn., and it is to be hoped definite conclusions may be reached and the proper one fully established. The following early histories are perhaps unknown, or at any rate remain as yet unpublished. Hydrecia inguesita, G. & R. This is such a widely-diffused and familiarly-known species that it makes it gratifying to expose some traits of its earlier existence. So general was the poor condition of practically all examples previously seen, that the notion of its’ being a. thin-scaled and ill-marked species had gained quite a hold on the writer. With the specimens bred last season, some light has dawned in the matter, and he would hasten to make amends in behalf of such erroneous impressions. For with conditions right, specimens, rich in a full complement of scales and attractive in their warm, red-brown colouring, were plentifully obtained. In making a choice of food-plant, the larva takes an unusual departure and makes a selection among the Cryptogamous plants, namely, Onoclea sensibilis, Linn. One would hardly think of associating these borers with a delicate fern, and, as may be expected, it is the roots which serve as a domicile. These latter are a bit peculiar, at least to a novice in botany. Growing slightly below and parallel to the surface, a principal root-stock creeps with rapidity, sending up fronds at various intervals. Its advancing end is green and soft, and it is to this point that the larva extends its burrow, though free access is kept up to the original entrance. An exceedingly dense growth of tough, hairy rootlets, which resembles the curled hair used by upholsterers, draws nourishment for the plant. By the time the larva has reached maturity, the part of 62 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. the root first occupied has died and become more or less decayed, and this point is sought for the pupal transformation; quite often the cell containing the chrysalis is formed among the fibrous rootlets. In no case can any exit arrangement be made, and it goes hard with those examples that have to reach daylight by passing through such a tangle. To this condition it seems possible to attribute the preponderance of rubbed specimens which are taken at light or other sources. It may be remarked that Hydrecta pupe do not attempt to reach the surface or outlet of their burrows by any process of wriggling when about to give up their imago, a circumstance frequently noted among borers in other families. So ¢zguesita must reach freedom as best it may, and generally comes out the worse for wear; the only perfect examples to result from those bred were secured from those last to appear and which had been taken from their natural quarters and were placed on the surface of damp leaf-mould. So long had this species been sought in its larval state, that the ease with which its whereabouts may be known and the flagrant evidence it leaves behind as it first enters the plant make it seem ludicrous that it could have been passed by for so long. One may drive along a country road or even board a trolley car and yet note this species by the wayside. This, however, only applies to a certain season, as later there is nothing to guide one, while a search for the pupe would be time wasted. About the first of June the young larve (presumed to have hibernated in their first stage) enter the frond stem and begin active operations. Ina few days the root is reached and henceforth remains the only portion inhabited; in fact, the delicate stem could not long accommodate the enlarging insect. Here the list of casualties begins, as that telltale secret of a hidden larva which appears in the foliage of the plant at this period is as conspicuous to the eyes of its parasitic foes as it can be to human optics. So, a fearful percentage suffer from this source, and many more attain a violent end. Onxoc/ea, with true fernlike pro- pensities, is fond of damp places, though less so than many others, and often grows in depressions that are for a time inundated after heavy rains or showers. If we then visit an infested locality which has a low situation, the number of drowned individuals will quite appal us and our hopes of a rich harvest will receive a serious jar. When first detected, the larva had certainly passed through at least one moult, though it was noted almost as soon as work was begun. At this period it is very delicate and slender, translucent except on the first THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 63 four abdominal segments, which are dark, somewhat purplish in hue. Lines on the thoracic joints may be faintly made out, whitish; their continuations on the last abdominal one are less so. An important individual point is that no lines, not even a faint continuation of the dorsal, cross the dark contrasting area shown on the first four abdominal segments. The head and plates are semi-transparent ; but little can be made out of the tubercles, though there seems a fair complement of sete ; length .65 inch. Next stage: The salient characteristics with AHydrecia larve belonging to this section of the genus are now well exemplified. The abrupt termination of the usual dorsal and subdorsal lines on four of the middle segments leaves this space presenting the contrasting effect of a dark band or girdle, thus making it always easy to distinguish the young larve of this group. Head now measures .06 inch across, a shining honey-yellow colour. Its development is normal, a few minute setze arise on the front ; a black, oblique line at the side, which takes in the ocelli, is the only marking, The thoracic shield is a shining plate as wide as the head and very nearly covers the first segment above the line of the spiracles. It is prominently edged at the lateral borders with black, which finds a continuation on the head in the line above mentioned. ‘The tubercles are hardly definable, though their position is usually indicated by minute sete. The anal plate is similar to the thoracic in texture, projects outwardly over the last pair of pro-legs and offers a protective shield at this extremity. The usual preceding plates on the last segment are well developed for this early stage. On the segments where they occur the ordinary lines are whitish and so wide as to overbalance the dark body colour. The spiracles are black. Larva now measures.g5 inch in length. Following stage: A marked gain in bulk is noticed, otherwise appearance remains similar. The black side line disappears from the head ; the lateral tubercles come into prominence, iv is most noticeable behind the spiracles except on joint ten where it is low down. On the next to last segment i and ii have become much enlarged. Length 1.10 inches. Penultimate stage: Head and shields retain their*respective propor- tions, tubercles improminent, i and ii, on all joints but the last, are the merest dots, requiring close scrutiny to observe when unaided by a lens. 64 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. The colour has faded toward the conventional translucence of maturity, though there still remains a flush of purple-brown on the first four abdominal segments. Length 1.48 inches. Mature larva: All traces of the longitudinal lines have disappeared, its shade may perhaps be designated as a translucent flesh colour, lightest on the thoracic joints. The tubercles show no gain in importance, and compared with its congeners are not strongly defined. On the seventh abdominal segment iv is low down below the line of the spiracles, very low down, in fact, and close beside v. Other features remain as before. Head now measures .11 inch across ; length of larva 1.65 inches. The actual duration of the various stages was not noted, but the entire time consumed after feeding had begun until maturity is reached was reckoned at about fifty-one days. The pupa is similar to its allies and agrees with the regulation noctuid type. From being formed in more or less of a cell, it does not show the cylindrical shape of some others which, by reason of the small diameter of their burrows, are so confined as to be unable to assume a truly normal form. It is of the usual shining chestnut brown, with ordinary delineations. armed with a bifidate spur of slender proportions. Length .65 to .80 inch. Pupation occurs about August 20, but the species are in no way regular upon this event. Imagoes appear twenty-eight days later. It was a matter of some gratification that the specimens bred last season proved to be partly those forms or variations of the imago having the orbicular white-marked. Previous acquaintance with local examples had only encountered those in which the ordinary spots were concolorous, and it seemed possible the species might be subject to some geographical or racial variations where these features might predominate. ‘That this variation occurs indiscriminately and does not bear on geographical lines is slightly important, since the matter of variation in //yd¢recia is still open to some study, and any fully-established points in evidence offer a help toward final solutions. flydrecia limpida, Gn. This species had never been taken in this locality; in fact, the writer had not been able to secure an example from any source, so that the dis- covery of its larva and the subsequent acquisition of a good series of imagoes was as gréat a surprise as it was a pleasure. Like many of its associates which are strictly root-borers, this larva gives but a slight intimation of its whereabouts, and one is indebted to some chance incident THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 65 for its discovery. The food-plant is Veronica virginica, which grows sparingly in this section, and although a borer may have attained maturity in its principal root, there is often no evident deterioration of growth. Sometimes, however, the mature larva will have consumed so much of the root at its crown, to provide itself with more commodious quarters, that the stock will have died and become blackened, thus standing a mute sentinel to all who are apprised of its secret. The young borer enters the stem slightly above the ground level, where a small opening is made, furnishing air and an outlet for accumulations which would otherwise clog the gallery. Free access is kept up to this point until maturity, even though the widely-extending roots permit the larva to bore a foot or more in various directions. The roots are small for the habitation of such a guest, and it is the extended mining which they do that often results in the destruction of a specimen when the larve are sought for transference to the breeding cage. One never knows at what point to expect his quarry, and a fatality often occurs. Aside from this the species seemed to thrive very peacefully. The change to pupa appears to be made in the neighboring soil, and the gallery is not used as an exit by the moth, though this point has not been settled definitely, since no pupze were obtained in the field. Larve were encountered in second stage from the last. They were quite as easily recognized as belonging to Hydrecia as the preceding, having the usual characteristics well in evidence. The colour is a pale, sordid sienna; the lines dirty white; plates not strongly defined and the tubercles less so. Specimens were so scarce that this period was insuffi- ciently observed. Penultimate stage: Inflates were now secured and definite notes taken. ‘This next to last stage is the most important in making compari- sons in this genus, as the individuality fades later into a very general translucence, though of course the tnbercle arrangement and ‘structural details still point to their specific attributes. Larva now shows some points in common with its near ally cerwssata, though the size and colour are quite dissimilar. On the thoracic joints the skin is puckered or creased, so as to appear slightly contorted, and all tubercles or plates are well defined ; the anal plate, however, does not show the departure occurring with its ally. Head measures .08 inch; regular, smooth and shining ; of a honey- yellow colour, the mouth-parts alone showing tipped with brown ; there seems a full complement of set, but the side or ocellar line is wanting. 66 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Body is slender, of the usual cylindrica! build, the constrictions of the thoracic regions are already noted. Colour as in earlier stage, a pale sienna, In some specimens showing rather pink on the first four abdomi- nal joints. This area is not crossed by the iongitudinal lines. These latter are whitish; on the thoracic segments they are rather confused, their continuation on the rear abdominal ones shows well-defined and regular. Thoracic shield a little wider than the head, of the same shining, corneous texture, edged faintly at the sides with brown; anal plate is similar, smooth and shining, its sete of usual prominence. The tubercles are all well defined, of an umber shade, iv the largest of the lateral ones. On joints two and three, iil, iv and v are clustered in their triangular setting, and by reason of their large size, especially iv, almost touch one another. On all segments but the next to last, i and ii are small, as is customary, and show somewhat darker. On joint eleven these are very large and placed in quadrangular form. The plates preceding the anal one are barely cut in twain by a thread of the dorsal line. The spiracle on joint one is most conspicuous by reason of the lighter colour of this segment, and it is entirely black. The other spiracles show a light centre and have their elliptical margin ringed with black. On the seventh abdominal segment there are five tubercles clustered around the spiracle. What had previously been considered as a raising of iv, in some cases, to the upper corner of the spiracle, seems now very plainly the acquisition of an accessory tubercle at this point, the normal iv all the while retaining its usual position on this segment, lower down. But this additional one is as fully developed as iv is on this or the preceding joints, and its placing corresponds identically with the arrange- ment as occurring on joints four to eight. With two other species this additional tubercle first appears in this penultimate stage, iv previously occupying its lower position and remaining unchanged after entering the stage, the additional tubercle now appearing, but causes no alteration with the normal iv. We may designate this acquisition as iv a, looking upon its arrival in the same light as the other cases cited, though observations with /impida were insufficient to say at what time it was acquired. Larva now measures 1.38 inches. Final stage: There appears no structural change from the preceding period. The lines disappear, a flesh-coloured translucence is now the tint. The spiracles, tubercles and true-legs are all black ; the shields are unchanged. Length 1.63 inches. Larve attain full growth by August 19. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 67 The pupa is formed in the adjoining soil, at least this happened with the examples in confinement. It shows no departure from the usual form, agreeing very well with the preceding species. Length .go inch. No larval history so far encountered has been quite so satisfactory to the writer, nor possibly of greater general importance than this meeting with Z¢mpida. From the date of its first conception a certain haziness existed regarding the species. Guenée himself was not sure of its distinctness, though his fear of its being a variety of marginidens or nebris, simply because they were all white-spotted forms, has proved to be groundless. Prof. Grote sees it in another light, and in naming his cerussata, pauses over the matter lest his newer term might be simply amore robust form of the Guenée species. Yet the differentiation has proved correct. With the recent ‘“ Revision,” by Prof. Smith, and the more abundant material of this later date, the specific distinctness of the two are not questioned by him, though there seems no strong line to be drawn between the two. Adding to this the many queries received from all sides, makes it seem worth while devoting a word in these pages to descriptive detail, since the literature is in no way burdened with a reference to this species. An eminent lepidopterist long ago gave me a translation of the original description, which is as follows: ‘‘g¢ 26 mil.,?40 mil. Fore wings very entire, of a deep brownish black with traces of ordinary lines. Subterminal line marked at apex by a vague yellowish point. Reniform white, divided by brown threads and shaded centrally with yeliowish ; the three outer spots white like the preceding species (marginidens), nearly even. Hind wings similar in both sexes, whitish, a little transparent, with external margin and veins brownish. Beneath the four wings gray, powdered with brown, with dark mesial lines. Thorax gray, no white spots at the base of the primaries. Illinois; Coll., Doubleday.” Fresh examples of /impida are beautiful insects indeed ; there is a certain violet tint pervading its colouring, which, unfortunately, soon fades, and the contrasting white spots tempered by a fleck of cream, together with an exceedingly trim appearance, quite captivate one upon first meeting the species. The mention of the hind wings being “ whitish, and a little transparent,” should not be misleading, as they are in fact much less smoky than cerussata, more silky, and with worn or badly-faded material could easily be construed into a certain semi-transparency. The salient feature of the description is the remark noting the absence of any 68 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. white in the basal area. Rye specimens are plainly typical in this respect, for this latter feature is somewhat a departure from the general rule and at once becomes noticeable. In the ‘“ Revision,” specimens having a white basal line or a few whitish scales here, together with a more reddish tinge of the median field, are described and show to some extent how to gauge our conception of its variation. But this is along the conventional lines upon which variation occurs in the group. The prevalence or absence of white in the basal area, the orbicular, claviform and reniform spots, and finally in the scales at the base of the antennee, is not a point by which any very rigid rule can hold. Examination of a good series of any of the allied species will soon show this, yet individually this variation is not so great—it is in the mixing of the species wherein results confusion. Perhaps the greatest point of specific constancy as we glance superficially at a collection, though apparently a very insignificant matter, is the general hue or tint of the body vestiture (applicable only with fresh specimens), and secondly, the wing outline is important. But, fortunately, we are not dependent on conceptions of varying shades and colours, since individual opinions differ in such matters and colour-blindness exists to a wide degree— rather may we rejoice that these closely-related species cannot always mystify us, but in their larval stages show departures easy of recognition. The unravelling of these early histories seems necessarily a slow task and one which often brings the student under, to him, an amusing criticism, since it becomes so necessary to dig and delve in such a varied number of locations—be it the side of the village turnpike or a neglected corner of a country churchyard—and one frequently hears the passer-by remark upon the sad affliction of being ‘‘ slightly touched on the subject of bugs and all that.” But with success as a reward to our efforts, such remarks only elicit a smile, and we are well satisfied indeed if we have but found our quarry. THE THIRTY-FIRST ANNUAL Report of the Entomological Society (1900) has just been published by the Ontario Department of Agricul- ture. In its pages will be found many articles of an interesting and important character, dealing for the most part with entomological subjects of a practical nature. THE GENERAL INDEX to the Thirty Annual Reports, 1870 to 1899, is now on sale by the Society. Price (including postage): unbound, 25 cents; bound in black cloth, 50 cents. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 69 SOME PLANT-LICE AFFECTING P#AS, CLOVER AND LETTUCE. BY E. DWIGHT SANDERSON, NEWARK, DEL. (Continued from page 39.) LETTUCE APHIDS. Lectarophora lactuce, Walk. (Pl. III., 8.) Several writers have listed S. /actuce, Kalt. as an American species. That of Thomas is noted below. Dr. j. B. Smith gives the species in his Insects of New Jersey. Whether the species occurs in this country or not is open to question. It should be noted here that Kaltenbach’s Aphis lactuce is a Rhopalosiphum. Buckton gives both Siphonophora lactuce, Kalt. and RA. lactuce, Kalt., though Kaltenbach described but one species. Walker (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, p. 49, 1849) in his description of the species confused it with AA. dactuce, Kalt., as Passerini has pointed out. Walker described it as Aphis /actuce, Linn. and as a synonym of A. dactuce, Kalt., though Kaltenbach lad already shown A. /actuce, Linn. to have been invalid, and that his species was entirely distinct. Walker also gives A. ribis-nigri, Mosley (Gard. Chron. I., 684) as a synonym. Mosley’s description is hardly recognizable, but evidently is the same as some of the varieties described by Walker, both undoubtediy referring to Rho- palosiphum ribis, Linn., and Myzus ribis. Unfortunately, Walker de- scribes only the coloration of his species. Part of his species is evidently, however, /V. dactuce. Passerini’s description is too brief to be recog- nizable, but probably. refers to the same species, as Buckton thought. Why Buckton described the species as S. /actuce, Kalt., is not clear. Buckton follows Walker in giving Ribes nigrum and grossularia as food-plants, and remarks that Walker states that the cornicles are enlarged at the middle, but does not otherwise seem to confuse the species with others as did Walker. Mr. Buckton has kindly loaned me specimens which correspond very closely with his description. The slide is labelled, “ (18) A. R. Siphonophora lactuce,” and “ S. lactuce, Walk.” They are as follows: Winged Viviparous Female. Length, 2.32 mm.; width, 0.82 mm.; antenne, 3.10 mm.; III., 0.73 mum,, LV; emoemm,, Veo4r mim., Vimo. s min... VIL, x.15 mms Tibia, I.,.1.35mm., U.;. 1:45 mm, [91-85 mm:; Cauda, q19 mm); 70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Cornicles, 0.50 mm.; Wing expanse, 7.50+mm.; Beak extending to mesocoxe. Antenne dark, III. and IV. with sensoria, hairs capitate ; legs light, tips of femora and tibia, and tarsi dark, some of hairs on legs capitate ; cornicles straight, cylindrical, reaching to or slightly beyond tip of cauda, darkish at bases and tips, cauda dark; lateral edges of abdomen with black spots, abdominal segments banded and irregularly marked with dark, bases of setz in lateral spots and of two dorsal sete on caudal segments, large and conspicuous. ‘Iwo specimens. Apterous Viviparous Female. Length, 2.5 mm.; width, 1.30 mm.; antenne, 2.65 mm.; III., 0.63 mm, EV. 0.48 mm. Voe38 mm, VI.,o, 1o°mm,, VIL; o9g2mm.; Miia, J.,, 1.2. toam.; Tl res35emm., Jil. 1.70) mm.; (Cauda, es mm-: Cornicles, 0.57 mm.; Rostrum extending to between meso- and meta- cox. Antenne light, joints, tip of V., VI. and VII. dark, III. with sensoria, abdomen unmarked. One specimen.* This species is readily distinguished from the allied American Lectarophora described above by the sensoria on IV. of the antennz of the winged female, and by the larger number (12 or so) of sensoria on IIT. of the apterous female. Kaltenbach and Buekton both consider S. /actuc@, Koch., as prob- ably S. sonchiz, Linn. ' Rhopalosiphum ribis, Koch., is probably A/yzus ribis. Rhopalosiphum lactuce, Kalt. (Pl. III., 9.) This species was taken October 27, 1899, on Sonchus oleraceus at Newark, Del., in large numbers, and was kindly determined by Mr. Th. Pergande. It corresponds closely to Buckton’s description. Many of the nymphs and pupe were pink. No search was made for the sexes at the time, but several males have been found in the preserved material. No oviparous females were found, and apterous females were scarce. The males and winged females seem to be almost absolutely alike in size and markings. Winged Male.—Length, 2.20 mm.; width, 1.00 mm.; antenne, 2.95 mm., III. 0.71 mm,, [V.,o.51°mm., V.-0.46 .mm.,. VL.,.0.12 mms VII, * The number of specimens mentioned under each species refers to the number of perfect specimens from which the description was drawn; a much larger number are preserved of most of them. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. Can. ENT., VoL. XXXIII. ~I bo THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ¥.20 mm.; Tibia, I., 1.25 mm., Cauda, 0.21 mm.; Cornicles, 0.34 mm.; III., IV. and V. with numerous sensoria. ‘Two specimens. Winged Viviparous Female.—Length, 2.56 mm.; width, 1.co mm.; antenne, 2.75 mm., III., 0.74 mm., IV., 0.50 mm., V., 0.40 mm., VI., o.r2 mm.,. VII.,.0.84 mm.; Tibia, L, 1.10°mm:, III, 1.66 mm; Cauda, 0.28 mm.; Cornicles, 0.44 mm.; III., IV. and V. with numerous sensoria. Five specimens. Apterous Viviparous Female.—Length, 2.7 mm.; width, 1.30 mm.; antennee, 2:55 mumi., If. 0.72-mm,,.1V.; 0:47 mm, V5,.0.330mm., Vi, 0.11 mm., VII., 0.84 mm.; Cauda, 0.29 mm.; Cornicles, 0.53 mm.; Rostrum extending to mesocoxe ; two or three sensoria on III. Three specimens. Myzus Pergandit, n. sp. Winged Viviparous Female. (PI. IIl., ro., Fig. 5.) Wing expanse, 7.00 mm.; Jength, 1.69 (1.25-2.00) mm.; width, 0.71 (o.50-0.85) mm.; antenne, 2.07 (1.60—2.10) mm., III., 0.52 (0.40-0.60) mm., I1V., 0.43 (0.30-0.46) mm., V., 0.30 (0.24-0.34) mm., VI, 0.15 (0.14-0.16) mm., VII., 0.56 (0.42-0.62) mm.; Tibia, I., 0.96 (0.70-1.10) mm., II., 0.94 mm., III., 1.28 (1.00-1.50) mm.; Cauda, 0.19 (0.15—-0.23) mm.; Cornicles, 0.36 (0.28—o.40) mm. Fic. 5.—Mysus Per andii, n. sp.: Antenna, cauda and cornicle of apterous viviparous female. Head, antenne, thoracic dorsal, lateral, and ventral sclerites, distal half of femora, tips of tibia, tarsi, and cornicies, black ; membrane of thorax brownish, as are legs; abdomen dirty white, marked with three large lateral blackish spcts in front of cornicles, a large dark spot dorsally covering segments three, four, and five, with two lateral branches on either side, segments six and seven dark, eight light with small dark band, cauda and ventral plates dark, eyes black ; small brown ring at base of III. (antennal segment), 12 to 15 sensoria on III.; stigma brown, slightly smoky. “Twelve specimens. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ite Apterous Viviparous Female. Length, 1.85 (1.50-2.10) mm.; width, 1.05 (0.go-1.10) mm,; antenne, 1.80 (1.75-2.20) mm., III., 0.48 (0.40-0.64) mm., IV., 0.37 (0.35-0.41) mm., V., 0.25 (0.2c-o.32) mm., VI., 0.13 (o.10-0.15) mm., VII., 0.45 (0.38-0.54) mm.; Tibia, I, 0.81 (0.70-1.00) mm., IT., 0.83 (o.7o-1.00) mm., III., 1.15 (0.93-1.40) mm.; Cauda, 0.20 (0.16-0.22) mm.; Cornicles 0.50 (0.48—o.60) mm.; Rostrum extending to mesocoxe. Eyes, tips of cornicles, and tarsi black, otherwise pure whitish, with indistinct greenish mesal stripe on abdomen, sometimes with a few capitate hairs on caudal segments, tibia, and head ; no lateral tubercles ; antenne lie flat over back when at rest, and the gibbous tubercles are thus bent upwards. Thirteen specimens. This species is closely allied to AZ. achyrantes, Monell (47. madve, Oest.), as described by Monell and Oestlund. The apterous females are distinguished from it by the longer antennez, which are whitish, eyes black instead of red-brown, and abdomen whitish instead of pea-green as in malve. The winged female is distinguished by having the inner angles of I. straight or but slightly rounded, VII. slightly longer than III., and cornicles black. The apterous females are very similar to Siphonophora calendulella, Monell, but the description of that species is too brief to be recognizable. Monell menticns that a species closely allied to S. achyrantes occurs on lettuce. The winged females bear a resemblance to Rhopalosiphum dianthi, Schr., but are smaller, the cornicles are not swollen and are black, and only III. bears sensoria, while Oestlund describes the winged déanthi as having sensoria on III., IV. and V. Specimens of this species were kindly loaned me by Prof. W. G. Johnson, from Baltimore Co., Md., collected on lettuce, February, 1899; were found by me on garden peas, November 1, 1900, at Newark, Del., and were collected by Prof. G. H. Powell, May 3, 1897, on eggplant under glass—to which they were doing considerable injury—at the same place. The description given by Thomas under Siphonophora Jlactuce, Kalt., refers either to this species or AZ. achyrantes, Monell. Types deposited in the U. S. Nat. Museum. Type No. 5422. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. Plate IJ. (page 34). 1. “Siphonophora pist,” from G. B. Buckton. 74. THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 2. “Siphonophora pisi (?),” from G. B. Buckton. 3. (LMectarophora destructor, Johns.) 4. LV. pest, var. reticulata. 5. JV. pisi, var. from Iowa: A, apterous viviparous female; W, winged viviparous female ; M, male; a, antenna ; ca, eae’: ; cl, cornicle ; wg, wing ; sp, spring. (From camera lucida drawings by the author.) Plate ILI. “Siphonophora lactuce, Walk.,” from G. B. Buckton. 9. Rhopalosiphum lactuce, Kalt. Myzus Pergandit, n. sp. (From camera lucida drawings by the author.) CICADIDA! — AMERICAN GENERA AND SPECIES. BY ALEX. D. MACGILLIVRAY, ITHACA, N. Y. The following bibliographical catalogue was prepared several years ago, and thinking that other workers might find it of use, it is offered for publication at this time. A table of the genera, compiled from the writings of various systematists who have dealt with this family, is added to make the paper more complete. TABLE OF GENERA. A. Lateral margins of the pronotum not angulately dilated. b. Basal abdominal segment of the male not expanded or dilated above so as to conceal the timbal or drum; the operculum usually rudimentary or wanting. c. The ulnar* veins coalesced at base ; pce with eight AIGA REGUS een ce erik Pen aie kes .Melampsalta, Kol. cc. The ulnar veins not satexcea at Hew d. The first apical cell of the tegmina distinctly longer than thewsecond@asneteoe Le eyes: . Tibicen, Latr. dd. The first and second apical ik of rennin equal. e. Costal margin of the tegmina very convex; second ulnar cell large and triangular; the posterior wings With: sixvapieal cellgpra.s st..40. ....Platypedia, Uhl. *See Stal, Hemip. Afr., IV., p. 264, for terminology of wing veins. “I THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. ee. Costal margin of the tegmina only very slightly convex. f. The posterior wings with four apical ENS eh air at a ek eine Gata Rie se aki Prunasis, Stal. fi The ReneS wings with five apical cells. Rev oe - nha .. Calyrta, Stal. bb. Basal abdominal segment of the ale soran ded or dilated above so as to conceal the timbal ; the operculum well developed. c. The cross-vein at the base of the second apical cell of the tegmina not aie forming right angles with the longi- tudinal veins. ae bie See .Proarna, Stal. cc. The cross-vein at ‘the dee af the second aia cell oblique, forming angles greater or less than a right angle with the longitudinal veins. d. The postcostal marginal and the postcostal ulnar veins not parallel, more distant towards the apex. e. Metasternum not at all or slightly elevated at middle, elevated part not produced in front at middle. . ee er . Zympanoterpes, Stal. ee. Metasternam transversally eeaa reek elevated part longi. tudinally impressed, slightly produced in front, the produced part truncate or sinuate.. . /7dicina, A.—S. dd. The postcostal marginal and the postcostal ulnar veins parallel, not more distant towards the apex. e. Basal area of the tegmina rarely twice as jong as wide ; apex of the clypeus truncate or subsinuately trUNGaten ra A nee ca a a conan: . Cicada, Linn. ee. Basal area of the amine twice as LORE as wide; apex of the clypeus subacuminate or very slightly rounded . Ark ahaa ht haart . Tettigia, Kol. AA. Lateral margins of the pregeeun Seaivicly aie! b. Ulnar veins contiguous at base, interior ulnar area narrowed at base. SEPM CS cs nie ke ..Zammara, A.-S. bb. Ulnar veins Derik at Bae interior ea area with its sides SMP Clon eco... a: