CastiHeja

A Publication of the Wyoming Native Plant Society

www.uwyo.edu/wyndd/wnps/wnps_home.htm

Oct 2002
Volume 21 , No. 3

Sniffing Out Endemic Astragali

Wyoming is richly endowed in members of the
Astragalus {vaWkyeXch) genus, and 17 of its 79 taxa
are state or regional endemics. Two endemics are
selenium-absorbers, Astragalus nelsonianus
(Nelson’s milkvetch) and A racemosusvar.
treleasel (Trelease’s racemose milkvetch), bearing
striking inflorescences with a characteristic
essence-of-selenium. They were sniffed out across
Wyoming in 2002 status surveys.

They are generally out of harm’s way for
livestock and off the beaten path for most
botanists. However, the first collection of Trelease’s
milkvetch in Wyoming, by Reed Rollins in 1939,
persists in a public rest area. Interestingly enough,
Trelease’s milkvetch was found to have lower
selenium levels than its widespread relatives
(Porter 1945, Trelease and Beath 1949).

Trelease’s milkvetch is now known from 12
extant records and 1 historic record over a limited
area of 3 counties. It is distinguished from the
widespread eastern varieties by its white flowers,
and from A canadensis by its basally-attached
hairs. Nelson’s milkvetch is now known from 30
extant and 4 historic records over a broad area of 3
counties, and a change in its Wyoming species of
concern status is pending. BH

References

Porter, C.L 1945. Two tioid Astragalus noyeWles from the
Rocky Mountain Region. Madrono 8(3): 99-102.

Trelease, S.F. and O. A. Beath. 1949. Selenium, its Geological
Occurrence and its Biological Effects in Relation to Botany,
Chemistry, Agriculture, Nutrition, and Medicine. Published by
the authors.

In this issue:

WNPS News - Election Results 2

What happened to all the Lilies? 3

Report of Annual Meeting 4

John “Barney” Baxter - A Tribute 5

Botanist’s Bookshelf - The Botany of Desire. . . 6
Aussie In Wyoming 7

1

WNPSNEWS-

ELECTION RESULTS

Howard’s forget-me-not {Erytrichum howardii) on a
memorable Heart Mountain hike (see annual meeting
report, p. 4)

Jennifer Whipple, new WNPS President, drops to her
knees before Shoshonea on Heart Mountain.

Wyoming Native Plant Society

PO Box 3452, Laramie, WY 82071

President: Jennifer Whipple (Mammoth) - 344-7988
Vice President: Jean Daly (Sheridan) - 674-9728
Secretary-Treasurer: Drew Arnold (Laramie) - 742-7079
Board Members: Claire Leon (Story) - 683-2302
Jim Glennon (Rock Springs) - 352-0336

*******************************

Thanks \o all who ran for office
and voted in the spring WNPS elections

********************************

Newsletter Editor: Bonnie Heidel (Laramie;
email: bheidel@uwvo.edu)

WNPS Webmaster: Joy Handley (Laramie)

Teton Chapter: PO Box 82, Wilson, WY 83014 (Joan
Lucas, Treasurer)

Bighorn Native Plant Society: PO Box 21, Big Horn, WY
82833 (Jean Daly, Treasurer)

Treasurer’s Report : Balance as of 1 5 Oct 2002:
General Fund $776.87; Student Scholarship Fund
$412.50; Total funds: $1189.37.

Jean Daley, new WNPS Vice-President, scouts
Absarokas horizons from Bald Ridge.

(Contributors to this issue: Jane Dorn (JD), Robert
Dorn (RD), Erwin Evert (EE), Walter Fertig (WF), Bonnie
Heidel (BH), Pam Cornelisse (PC), Stuart Markow (SMI),
and Sally Madden (SM2). We are pleased to reprint
contributions of John Baxter. The next deadline for
newsletter submissions is 5 December.

New Member : Please welcome the following new
WNPS subscribers/members: Sublette County Library,
Pam Cornelisse (Denver, CO), Peter Ebertowski
(Laramie), Luann Lum (Laramie), Lynne Schwartz
(Venice, FL), Floye Wells (Ft Collins, CO).

2

What Happened to All the Lilies?

by Robert Dorn

(Editor’s note: The Liliaceae [Lily Family] is among the revised
families in the current state flora; see “Changing Times,
Changing Floras,’’ Castilleja 20(4). The 21 Lily genera in Dorn
(1992) are split into 12 families in Dorn (2001). He chronicles
the break-up of the “original” Lily Family in this article. Look for
more taxonomic counseling services in future issues.)

In the 2nd edition of Vascular Plants of
Wyoming , there were 21 genera in the Lily family.

In the 3rd edition there were only four. What
happened to the other 1 7 genera? First we must
appreciate that our 21 genera are only a handful of
the many genera that occur worldwide. Secondly,
the family Liliaceae has served as a catch-all family
for rather diverse plants. Asparagus certainly
doesn’t much resemble Erythronium (glacier lily),
and Xerophyllum (beargrass) doesn’t much
resemble Allium (onion). Some of the more
obviously out-of-place genera were removed from
the Liliaceae earlier such as Yucca to the
Agavaceae.

We now have a fair amount of molecular data to
complement the many other types of data that were
available previously. Two large books that
summarize the available data have appeared
recently (Kubitzki 1998; Wilson & Morrison 2000).
Based mainly on molecular data, but supplemented
by many other kinds of data, our genera fall into
three different orders, the Liliales, the Asparagales,
and the Alismatales. The genus Tofieldia (false
asphodel) falls within the Alismatales which is far
removed from the Liliales, so the family
Tofieldiaceae can be justified easily. Eight genera
fall within the Asparagales, an order that is more
closely related to grasses, sedges, irises, and
orchids than it is to lilies. It is rather easy to justify
removing these eight genera from the lily family.
The remaining 12 genera fall within the Liliales.
These are a little more difficult to deal with and
there is still disagreement on how some of these
should be treated.

Let us first look at the Asparagales genera.
Within this order, our eight genera segregate into
five clades so we can justify five different families:
Alliaceae for Allium (onion), Anthericaceae for
Leucocrinum (sand lily), Hyacinthaceae for
Camassia (camas), Themidaceae for
Androstephium (funnel lily) and Triteleia, and
Asparagaceae for Asparagus. Maianthemum
(false lily-of-the-valley) and Polygonatum
(Solomon’s seal) with their broad leaves and other

differences fall into the same clade as Asparagus
so they can justifiably be placed in their own family,
Convallariaceae.

In the order Liliales, our 12 genera segregate
into two well supported lineages: Veratrum (false
hellebore), Zigadenus (death camas), Xerophyllum
(beargrass), and Trillium in one lineage, and the
remaining eight genera in the other. The former
four genera have been placed in the family
Melanthiaceae. Trillium is a monophyletic group
embedded in the Melanthiaceae and some workers
prefer to place it in its own family, Trilliaceae.
Others prefer to treat it as a tribe within
Melanthiaceae. Four of the remaining eight genera
are true lilies that have remained in the Liliaceae:
Erythronium, Fritillaria, Lilium, and Lloydia. That
leaves four more genera to deal with: Calochortus
(mariposa), Prosartes (fairybell, formerly
Disporum), Streptopus (twisted stalk), and Smilax
(greenbriar). Historically, it is interesting to note
that Aven Nelson in the Coulter and Nelson Manual
of 1909 included Disporum and Streptopus in the
family Convallariaceae and Smilax (as Nemexia) in
its own family Smilaceae. In recent years Smilax
has been placed in its own family Smilacaceae by
more workers and it can now be justified with
molecular data. Embryological, karyological, and
molecular data support placing Streptopus,
Prosartes, and Calochortus into a separate family
Calochortaceae. There is some disagreement
here, however, and some workers keep these three
genera in the Liliaceae.

There are other families that have served as
catch-all families such as the Scrophulariaceae and
Rosaceae. The former is already In the process of
being broken up. Perhaps in the future the rank of
order will become the convenient first level for
identification much like the family has been. On
the other hand, with computerization, it should be
easier to bypass these higher groups altogether.
The drawback of that approach is that we may then
lose our ability to see relationships.

References

Kubitzki, K. (ed.). 1998. The families and
genera of vascular plants. III. Flowering plants.
Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae).
478 pp.

Wilson, K. L. & D. A. Morrison (eds.). 2000.
Monocots: systematics and evolution. CSIRO
Publishing, Collingwood, Australia. 738 pp.

(See p. 7 for information on ordering the new Flora of
North America yo\ume on Liliales at discount price.)

3

REPORT OF ANNUAL MEETING 15-16 June 2002

Bald Ridge

Heart Mountain

On Saturday, 15 June, over a dozen members
from across the state converged north of Cody. In
a brief business meeting the last ballots were taken
for Society office holders and it was decided that
next year's annual meeting would be held in the
Jack Morrow Hills, Sweetwater County. Then the
group drove up Heart Mountain, in its floristic finest
for the occasion, to around 6,900 ft. elevation.

Here we left the motorcade and hiked leisurely
about a mile, switch backing along the trail through
Douglas fir forest with a woody understory
dominated (at least below) by Mallow-leaf ninebark
(Physocarpus malvaceus), to the east summit of
Heart Mountain at 8,123 ft. elevation. Along the
way on calcareous rock outcroppings and at the
treeless summit, the group viewed regional
endemics including False saxifrage ( Telesonix
heucheriformis), Kelsey (Kelseya uniflora),
Shoshonea (Shoshonea pulvinata), Henderson’s
wavewing (Cymopterus longilobus), Columbian
virgin’s-bower ( Clematis Columbiana var.
tenuiloba), and Scented pussytoes (Antennaria
aromatica). Other low-growing plants of interest in
the open, some mat-forming, were Hood’s phlox
(Phlox hoodii), Spiny milkvetch (Astragalus
kentrophvta var. tegetarius). Leafy wild parsley
( Musi neon d i var i cat urn) , Ho w ar d ’s f o rg et - m e- n ot
(Eritrichium howardii) and Timber milkvetch
(Astragalus miser yar. decumbens), the last in full
bloom and quite showy.

Noteworthy along the lower portions of the trail
in a relatively rich association were large colonies
of Canadian wild violet ( Viola canadensis) and
Rocky Mountain iris (iris missouriensis) while at
increasing elevation, it was observed that the
ground layer became increasingly depauperate in
the forest of now rather stunted Douglas fir. Near
the summit a few scattered, stunted individuals of
Engelmann spruce (Picea engeimannii) and White
spruce (Picea giauca) were seen. The last named
white spruce was peculiar here occurring in dry,
exposed situations rather than along stream
bottoms and in swamps where it is more often
encountered.

An approaching thunderstorm greeted the
group at the summit but only amounted to a few
drops. The down hill hike was accomplished with
considerably more alacrity than the up hill!

On Sunday, 16 June, at 8:30 a.m., a group of 8
members gathered at the junction of Wyoming
Highways 120 and 296, north of Cody. From here,
we drove to the Bald Ridge road on the Shoshone
National Forest and then by four-wheel drive
vehicles along the ridge to about 7,800 ft.
elevation. Along the western escarpment of the
ridge, we were offered spectacular views of the
surrounding country with Clarks Fork Canyon 4,000
ft. dropping directly below to our north, the Big
Horn Basin, Pryor Mountains, and Heart Mountain
to our east and the Absaroka and Beartooth
Mountains to our west and north.

Along the limestone escarpment rim we found
an equally spectacular showing of large
populations, most in full bloom, of many of the
same regional endemics seen the day before
including Shoshonea puivinata, Eritrichium
howardii, Keiseva unifiora, and Antennaria
aromatica. Also in full bloom, but not seen on
Heart Mountain, were the regionally endemics
Hayden’s clover ( Trifoiium havdenii) in
exceptionally large floriferous colonies and Jones’
columbine (Aquiiegia jonesii.)

Torrey’s four-nerve daisy, on Bald Ridge

In the afternoon, a couple diehards continued
hiking along the ridge to the summit of Bald Peak,
8,600 ft. elevation, locating abundant colonies of
Sweet-flowered rock-jasmine (Androsace
chamaejasme var. carinata) and Torrey's four-
nerve-daisy (Hymenoxvs torreyana). They
managed to get off the ridge before 4 p.m. and
thus concluded the 2002 annual meeting. EE

4

Poet Lariat of Wyoming

John "Barney" Baxter

John "Barney" Baxter, long-time resident poet, song-
writer, and pun-master of the Wyoming Native Plant
Society passed away on August 23, 2002 in Ashland,
Oregon. John was born on February 4, 1918 in Grover,
Colorado, but his family later settled in Laramie County,
Wyoming. According to legend (provided by John
himself), he was reared near the present-day Antelope
Truck Stop in Burns, Wyoming, a site he fondly recalled
as being the "home of the giant meatball". Portions of
this meatball, he reminisced years later "are still for sale"
at the truck stop.

John earned his Bachelor's degree in botany from the
University of Wyoming and later took his Master's and
PhD in mycology from Purdue University. He served in
the Air Force in England during World War II as a
member of the 62"^ Pursuit Squadron, also known as
"Zemke's Wolf Pack". After the war, John taught Botany
and Mycology classes as the University of Wyoming,
University of Arizona, Iowa State University, and from
1956-1983 at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

After retirement, John continued to pursue his
interest in rusts, smuts, and other fungi and discovered
many new species from Wyoming that he described in a
series of "totally serious" articles for the Wyoming Native
Plant Society newsletter. John may be best known to
WNPS members for his witty botanical doggerel and
songs that have appeared in the newsletter over the
past 10 years. John and his wife Elizabeth left Laramie
for warmer climates in Ashland Oregon in 1998, but he
continued to provide new poems, songs, and articles for
the newsletter from afar.

For all his contributions to Wyoming botany and
verse, John was bestowed the honorary titles "Bard of
Burns (WY)" and "Poet Lariat of Wyoming". As a tribute
to John and his legion of groupies, we reprint his first
(and still my favorite) feature from the February 1991
issue of the newsletter "Botanical Dragnet". WF

Botanical Dragnet

By John "Barney" Baxter

My name is Joe Friday. I was born in Raceme,
Wisconsin. My buddy Spike and I are just umbel cops,
but we can go anywhere a catkin, and we always get
our man.

It was warm in Los Angeles. It was so warm that
Spike and I were beginning to drupe, and we were
about to go to Abies bar and get plastid when a call
came in that a supermarket had been held up. We
drove down there and talked to a checker. She was
palea and nervous. "Don't panicle Ma'am," I said, "I just
want the FAX." "Well, lemma see," she said, "this guy

Pericycle Pete, by Jane Dorn

came in with a pistil, and I knew he meant to stigma up,
so I gave him all the cash. Then I watched him pedicel
away on his pericycle. It had one petal missing." I
could tell by the style of the caper that it was the work
of Pericycle Pete, the notorious supermarket bandit. We
spent a week looking for apetalous pericycle, with no
success. We were deep in glume. Then one day there
was a knock awn the door. "Come in," I said, and who
should walk in but Sadie the Shoplifter, a gal whose
favorite trick was to Caryophyllaceae bit of feminine
apparel from some display counter. "Boys," said Sadie,
"I've stolon my last bit of lingerie - I'm going straight.
And to prove I'm Cereus, I'm going to lead you to
Pericycle Pete's hangout."

We hoped that Sadie's change of heartwood meant
that she wouldn't stele anymore. She took us to Pete's
hideout, a sleazy apartment that he had rented from
those notorious slumlords, Phil O. Dendron and his wife,
Rhoda Dendron. "Culm awn out, Pete," I yelled, "You
ought to see the nice nucellus fellows have for you. Yew
won't pine away -yew'll spruce up fir a change when
you cedar cell."

His only anther was to fire a pistil from a window.

We let him rachis with fire for a while, then we broke
down the door. He had exhausted his ammunition, and
the floor was littered with Brassicaceaes. "Boys," he
said, "I'm glad it's over. I lost my shoes, and mitosis
cold."

Sadie warned us that the sapwood try to escape, so
we took him to the station and locked him up in a guard
cell. Later she cracked up, so we sent her to the insane
xylem. Then our Irish police chief, Luke O'Plast, gave
me a raise* so now I have a funiculus to jingle in my
pocket. I also have my name over my office door
inflorescence lights, and I feel quite superior ovary the
whole thing. -Ament-

* Later the chief was talking promotions. I thought, "Is
he Cereus, or is epigynous a curve?" JB

5

Botanist’s Bookshelf

The Botany of Desire by Michael Pollan.

2001. Random House Trade Paperbacks.

It's that time of year again, when the "fruits" of
agriculture are hitting the shelves of farm stands and
grocery stores across the country. The sheer enormity
of this crop production is, to say the least, impressive.
Looking out on a vast harvest of corn or potatoes, it is
easy to buy into the notion that man, in all his
cleverness and with all his technology, has somehow
tamed nature, and persuaded plants to do his bidding.

In The Botany of Desire, Pollan takes a very different
position, arguing that plants are, in fact, the real
beneficiaries of human cultivation. Through trial and
error, certain plants have hit upon a highly effective
means of achieving that most fundamental of biological
processes, reproduction. The trick is to be an object of
human desire.

It is no secret that plants were taking advantage of
animals' cravings for millions of years before man even
existed, generating a reward for those which
unknowingly provided such services as pollination, seed
dispersal, planting, soil aeration, etc. Pollan claims that
man is simply another pawn, and that by cultivating
selected species, humans are unwittingly providing
plants with an irresistible opportunity for propagation on
a scale previously unheard of. In this respect, humans
are little different from bees, ants, birds, or any other
animal that assists in plant reproduction by attempting
to satisfy its own passions.

In his words, he "takes the plant's point of view",
building his case by selecting four plants that have had
enormous impact on human history, and identifying the
desires that such plants have evolved to gratify. These
desires are sweetness, beauty, intoxication, and control,
satiated by the apple, tulip, marijuana, and the humble
potato. Those four plants, he states, have something
important to teach us about ourselves and our desires.

He goes on to describe each plant with its long
history of cultivation and profound influence on human
activities. The extent of his investigation of these topics
is remarkable. Search for information brought him from
his home in Connecticut to the banks of the Ohio River in
Ohio, to the potato farms of Idaho, to the marijuana
gardens of Holland.

Some of the information that he dredged up in these
travels will surprise, or even shock you. For example,
consider the legend of John Chapman, otherwise known
as Johnny Appleseed. As most school children learn at
an early age, this benevolent person traveled barefoot
across the eastern and midwestern United States,

magnanimously planting apple seeds so that Americans
would someday have delicious apples to eat The fallacy
that Pollan ruthlessly exposes is that apples grown from
seed almost never produce delicious or even reasonably
good-tasting apples (a concept that was understood
even in the early 1800s). However, they did provide a
cider which, when allowed to ferment, became the
beverage of choice on the American frontier. Sadly, Mr.
Appleseed was not bringing the gift of apples to the
wilderness, but the gift of booze, at a time when there
were not a lot of other sources. In doing so, he turned a
tidy profit and became an established and revered figure
in American folklore.

A bit more sobering story is the process of chemical
treatment to fields of potatoes grown specifically for
McDonald’s French fries. The operation consists of a
succession of applications of herbicides, insecticides,
fertilizers, and other chemicals, some so toxic that
farmers won't go near the fields for days after they've
been sprayed. Scarier still is the alternative to poisons.
Folks at Monsanto Chemical, always thinking of your
well-being, have managed to transfer the gene for a
powerful insecticide from a common bacterium {Bacillus
thuringiensis) directly into the potato's DMA. The result
is a highly insect-resistant potato that is so genetically
modified that, under FDA guidelines, it doesn't even
qualify as food. As such, it has never been tested for
possible detrimental effects on humans.

Why are people doing these things? Presumably,
they are satisfying a passion for enormous quantities of
large, delicious, unblemished, McDonalds' French fries.

In the process, Solanum tuberosum has become an
evolutionary winner, merrily reproducing in numbers that
never could have been achieved without human
intervention.

Fortunately, the stories are generously laced as much
with humor as they are with gloom and doom. One
particularly amusing situation that comes to mind is
Pollan's adventure in which he attempts to grow a crop
of large marijuana plants, just outside a dilapidated barn
with walls so broken down that they hardly concealed
anything inside or out. These plants were near
maximum height when Pollan had a truckload of
firewood delivered to his place, and both he and the
delivery man decided that the barn would be the best
place to put it. Conversationally, he asked the man if he
sold firewood for a living. The answer; "No, firewood is
just a sideline. Nine to five I'm Chief of Police." The
events that immediately followed are funny; things could
have turned out quite differently.

Pollan's narration is simple and geared to a general
public audience. While it superficially comes across as
the ramblings of an amateur gardener/naturalist, the
information is presented within the context of
(cont. on p. 7, next page)

6

Aussie in Wyoming

By Sally Madden (salmadden(a)hotmail.com)

I have just spent the summer (escaping the southern
hemisphere winter) working for Wyoming Natural
Diversity Database (WYNDD) across southern Wyoming.
Some people think I am strange but I actually expressed
a preference to work in the basins as opposed to a
WYNDD project in Grand Teton NP. But there is a
reason for this! Apart from the obvious bear factor,

I actually have a passion for harsh, arid and rugged
landscapes. They make me feel more at home.

I live and work mostly in Perth, Western Australia.

My current position is as a Botanist with a State Planning
Agency. I work on a project called “Bush Forever”

(which apparently comes from something called “Florida
Forever”). “Bush Forever” aims to acquire and reserve
10% of representative vegetation communities within
the Perth Metropolitan region - a figure decided upon by
the lUCN that is considered to be ‘adequate’ to conserve
ecological communities (although I think it has now been
revised at 30%). The project has now been fully
endorsed by the Government and is in its
implementation phase. Largely what I do is ground-
truthing and mapping vegetation and sometimes conduct
rare flora surveys - in an effort to protect the best
areas.

Prior to that position, I worked as a lab technician
studying mating systems of a rare Banksia species,
which is known from only five isolated populations. I’ve
also worked in other fields from weed and fire ecology to
environmental education. This is my first paid job
overseas, but I’ve also participated in volunteer
programs in India, the UK and Mauritius (where you ask?
Off the coast of Madagascar, south of the Sychelles).

I’ve had a great time here in Wyoming. I’ve loved
the fieldwork. ..the sagebrush, the dust, the heat, getting
stuck in sand and most importantly, the people I’ve met.
So watch out - I’ll be back! SM2

Here are some Australian websites that may be of
interest to Wyoming Native Plant Society members:

o The Australian Network for Plant Conservation
http:// WWW. anba.aov.au/anDc/ (they also have
a newsletter online called 'Danthonia')

o The Wildflower Society of Western Australia (our
equivalent of the Native Plant Society)
http://members.ozemail.com.au/~wildflowers/

o The Australian National Herbarium/Centre for
Plant Biodiversity Research (which conducts 8
week internship programs)
http://www.anba.aov.au/cpbr/index.html

Discount on two new
Flora of North America monocot volumes

Volume 23, The Cyperaceae, and Volume 26,
Liliales and Orchidales, are available from the
Oxford University Press Publisher for orders placed
before December 2002. You can order these
volumes now at a discounted $75.00 price, plus
$5.00 shipping (compared to a $95.00 price later).

Submit orders via fax #919-677-1303 and use
promotion code L1 13 when ordering.

Botany of Desire - cent, from p. 6

Banksia cuneata

(copyright Australian National Botanic Gardens)
http://www.anbg.gov.au)

natural processes will be rudely awakened.
People who always suspected that plants were
really taking us for a ride will feel vindicated.
Regardless of your initial point of view. The
Botany of Desire will give you a whole new
approach to looking at cultivation, and a renewed sense
of respect for our relationship with nature. SM

fundamental biological principles including
those of genetics, evolution, plant propagation,
behavior, psychology, and even a bit of
molecular biology. Inextricably tied to the
biological aspects that Pollan reports are the
historical, cultural, socioeconomic, and political
realities that govern human perception and use
of plants.

If you are not used to thinking about such
concepts as symbiosis and co-evolution, this
book will open your eyes. Those who are
convinced that man has ultimate control over

Announcing WY BLM sensitive list update

The first annual update of the Bureau of Land
Management (BLM) Wyoming sensitive species list has
been released. In April 2001, BLM Wyoming issued its
first sensitive species list for Public Lands in the state in
accordance with BLM Manual 6840 (Special Status
Species Management). It is the BLM Wyoming intent to
review the list annually as the status of the species
change and/or new information is obtained.

Two plant species: Cary’s beardtongue {Penstemon
caryi) and Pale blue-eyed grass {Sisyrinchium pallidum)
were dropped from the 2001 BLM (WY) Sensitive Species
List, leaving 38 plant species on the list for the year
2002. No species were added in the 2002 review.

There are a total of 75 plant and animal species on the
BLM Wyoming sensitive species list.

Pale blue-eyed grass was dropped from the list
because it has been found to be locally abundant, and is
also found in Lite ladies’-tresses habitat (a species whose
habitat already receives protection under the
Endangered Species Act). Cary’s beardtongue was
dropped due to its populations being more abundant
than originally thought. PC

The revised 2002 sensitive species list and criteria
may be viewed on-line at:
http:// www.wv.blm.aov/wildlife/02sDecies. pdf

The Wyoming Native Plant Society, established in
1981, is a non-profit organization dedicated to
encouraging the appreciation and conservation of the
native flora and plant communities of Wyoming. The
Society promotes education and research on native
plants of the state through its newsletter, field trips, and
annual student scholarship award. Membership is open
to individuals, families, or organizations with an interest
in Wyoming’s flora. Members receive CastiHeja, the
Society’s quarterly newsletter, and may take part in all of
the Society’s programs and projects, including the
annual meeting/field trip held each summer. Dues are
$7.50 annually.

To join or renew, return this form to:

Wyoming Native Plant Society

PO Box 3452
Laramie, WY 82071

Name:

Address:

$7.50 Regular Membership

$15.00 Scholarship Supporting Member

($7.50 goes to the annual scholarship fund)

Wyoming Native Plant Society
PO Box 3452
Laramie, WY 82071