CATALOGUE OF wel wWitSCH S AFRICAN PLANTS: PaRT II. PURCHASED 1923 FROM BOTANIGZL GARDEN QN LIBRARW NEW YORE BOTANICAL = > gon - alee a es CATALOGUE OF THE AFRICAN PLANTS COLLECTED BY DR. FRIEDRICH WELWITSCH IN 1853-61. HPiCOtY LEDONS, PART IL COMBRETACE 10 RUBIACE. BY WILLIAM PHILIP HIERN, M.A. F.L5.. CORRESP. MEM. R. ACAD, LISB. ist ae MESSY Ysore Fe : Sp. me LONDON: PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. SOLD BY LONGMANS & CO., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW; B. QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY: DULAU & CO., 37 SOHO SQUARE, W.; KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., CHARING CROSS ROAD ; AND AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, 8S.W it 1898. [All rights reserved. | = S 2 ' | " Mi ‘ i A * % « Printed by i 4 » ) . in” TC ee * . = ine ). ov 7 ve c yay , a 6 / ey A om i) + my anf hd Nis aig a ) 7 ' hi ch & ri fe / ‘ rt * A) pean at We Na far Pil OUGrue om a. r(UVSUCRLE A 4 Vae, ; ' : « bre . P ‘ 4 * ” * % : ’ i ‘ ‘ } ; P - . . ‘ F a rT] at i £} + b ‘i Th ve nk ee ‘ 7% ‘ ‘ Haz Hace, Watuon & Viney, Ta London and Apiary. LII. COMBRETACER, Mi °\ Yahi 337 Bvia Ss ~ Be be LIT. COMBRETACE Aisa nven Combretacee, whether as climbers often with their grand inflorescence, or as moderate-sized trees, constitute one of the greatest ornaments of the tropical landscape, making a splendid show with their variously-coloured leaves and winged fruits; by the abundance of their flowers, especially in the case of the species which have red blossoms, they produce a wonderfully magnificent effect: they mostly bloom in winter. Combretum flammeum Welw., a climbing shrub, which is frequent ‘about Sange in Golungo Alto, has its petals and sepals and even its bracts coloured bright red, ultimately turning dark blood-red, and thus presents the appearance of a burning bush. Few species give from dried specimens any adequate idea of the beauty of the plants in a growing state. Some species occur only as herbs or undershrubs, others as trees even to the height of 80 ft., others again either as small shrubs or mighty climbers ; some have a very wide distribution, as for instance C’. constrictum Laws., which occurs on both the western and eastern sides of the African continent, and which in Angola is diffused in different forms in the interior, and is represented in Pungo Andongo by a closely allied species. Six species of trees or erect shrubs adorn the forests about Pungo Andongo, and of these one with large glossy leaves and clusters of blood-red fruits is conspicuous, inhabiting the forests of the Cuanza valley from Sansamanda to Quisonda, a distance of at least 75 to 80 geographical miles; Combretum constrictum Laws., an officinal shrub, occurs very abundantly near Can- dumba ; the scandent species with flaming-red flowers are rarer than in Golungo Alto and Cazengo; but C’. racemosum P. Beauv. with its silky-glossy leaves and scarlet-red flowers produces a splendid contrast. Several species, which are found in masses in Golungo Alto, occur in Pungo Andongo singly, and so exercise but little effect as a feature in the physiognomy of the vegetation. Most species show a considerable variation between the leaves of their young shoots and those of the older flower-bearing branches, both in shape and indumentum, so that it is often very difficult to classify forms of the same species which have sprung from the same stock but at different periods or have attained a greater age ; frequently even the densest tomentum on the radical shoots becomes obsolete on the flowering shrub. The pubescence, which is often silky or like felt, and which is whitish or greyish on the living plant, assumes on dried specimens a tawny or ferruginous colour, rendering the descriptions taken from herba- rium specimens mostly erroneous and voccasioning wrong diagnostic characters. For instance, C’. holosericewm Sond. is described by its author as clothed with tawny hairs, while in nature it shines with a silvery-white pubescence on its leaves and branches, and the wings of its fruit, described as yellowish, are really of a blood-red colour. The colour of the petals is remarkably constant in the same 22 338 LII, COMBRETACE®. [Terminalia species ; Welwitsch never noticed in Angola whitish or yellow petals in the typically red-flowering species, nor red petals in the typically white or yellowish species. The wood of several species of Zerminalia and of the arbores- cent Combreta is very valuable and held in high estimation by the colonists, as for instance that of the Mteia and the Gustisu. The roots and bark of some species are used as yellow and black dyes ; and those of others as an astringent in skin diseases and diarrheea, T. Catappa L., which has been long cultivated in the Cape de Verde Islands and in St. Thomas and Prince’s islands, is a capital tree for avenues and moreover supplies well-flavoured seeds. Laguncularia racemosa Gaertn. f. is well suited for making dams to prevent the washing away of the beach on the sea-shore ; it grows almost exclusively and thrives well in salt water, in company with Avicennia and Rhizophora ; in some negro villages the bruised leaves are employed for tanning and dyeing brown fishermen’s nets, either alone or mixed with the leaves of Chryso- balanus Icaco L. The Mube, Combretum holosericeum Sond., supplies the people of Loanda with excellent firewood, and on that account has become rarer and rarer in that neighbourhood. The flowers of most species afford ample food for bees. 1. TERMINALIA L.; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. p. 685 (excl. syn. Bucida L.). 1. T. Catappa L. Mant. Pl. ii. p. 519 (1771); Welw. Apont. p. 567 sub n. 164; Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii, p. 416; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, p. 182 (1884). Buceras Bucida Crantz, Inst. i. p. 133 (1766). IsLanD oF St. THomas.—Coast region, in the ascent to Fazenda do Monte Caffé ; fl. without fr. end of Dec. 1860. Cultivated under the name of “ Amendoeira das Westindias,’ but a native of the East Indies. No. 4293) and Cott. Carp. 19. CAPE DE VERDE IsLANDS.—A handsome tree, about 25 ft. high. Cultivated in S. Iago, in Valle de 8. Domingo, in gardens, etc., and called ‘“ Amendoeira da India” (the Indian almond tree) ; fl. and fr. Jan. 1861. No. 4293. Ripe fr. Jan. 1861. ‘ Amendoeira das West- indias.” Cou. Carp. 547. Welwitsch recommended that this tree should be introduced in Angola. (See Welwitsch, /.c.) 2. T. sericea Burch. ex DC. Prodr. iii. p. 13 (1828) ; Laws., Le. Var. angolensis. T. angolensis Welw. ex Ficalho in Bol. Soc. Georg. Lisb., ser. 2, p. 708 (Feb. 14, 1882), and Pl. Uteis, p. 182 (1884); Elliot in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. p. 79 (1894); ?O. Hoffmann in Linnxa xlii. p. 131 (1881). AmpBaca.—A sparingly leafy tree, 15 to 20 ft. high ; trunk straight ; head widely spreading ; leaves thinly coriaceous, evergreen, greenish- glaucous, rather bright, paler beneath ; flowers white. In mountainous rocky places near the cave at Puri-Cacarambola, at an elevation of about 3000 feet, not abundant ; fl. middle of Oct. 1856. No. 4339. Terminalia } LII, COMBRETACES. 339 Pungo ANDoNGO,—In dry thin open woods near Caghuy ; fl. Nov. 1856, fr. May 1857. No. 4286. A tree of 12 to 20 ft., occurring throughout Angola, with very hard and durable wood, and known by the name of “ Mueia,” wonderfully variable as to the indumentum of its branchlets foliage and inflorescence ; flowering branches, petioles, rachis of the racemes, and calyx usually pubescent-hirsute ; petioles not exceeding $ to 3 in. long, sometimes almost obsolete ; leaves when old mostly more or less glabrate or thinly puberulous, almost always oblong-oblanceolate, always deep-green above, canescent or whitish- glaucous with midrib purplish beneath ; flowers white, arranged in simple racemes shorter than the leaves ; stamens 10 ; drupes 1} to 14 in. long, borne on a stipes of § to ¢ in. long, and surrounded with a rather rigid wing elliptical in outline and more or less emarginate at the apex, thinly tomentellous or pubescent on the surface. Abundant, on rocky hills and at the borders of forests near the fortress ; fl. and fr. Oct. 1856. No. 4340. A moderate-sized tree with a narrow head, and affording excellent timber ; flowers white. In open rocky woods near Caghuy ; fl. Nov. and Dec. 1856. No. 4341. An evergreen tree, 15 to 20 ft. high. In the thickets of the fortress near the river Luxillo ; fr. May 1857. No. 4342. Hoitia.—A small tree of 8 to 12 ft.; branches and branchlets sparse, deep-purple, glabrous ; leaves alternate, subsessile, oblanceolate, apiculate, glabrous on both sides, bright-green above, glaucous beneath. In hilly tall-bushy places between Lopollo and Humpata, at 5000 to 5500 feet altitude ; fr. end of May 1860; a glabrate form. Nos. 4285 and 4343. Co, Carp. 59. Var. huillensis. Foliage pallid, clothed on both sides with appressed incon- spicuous pubescence. HviLia.—A small tree, of a grey colour, with pallid head and white flowers. In hilly, bushy, somewhat stony, dry and barren situations between Lopollo and Nene, at an elevation of 5000 ft. ; fl. Dec. 1859, young fr. Feb. 1860. Nos. 4294 and 4338. The mueia (pronounced mu-ei-a) has a trunk rarely exceeding 18 in. diameter ; the wood is compact, of tolerably fine grain, yellowish colour and great hardness, and suitable for the construction of various agricultural implements, carts, and domestic utensils. See Welwitsch, Apont. p. 568 under n. 164, and Synopse, p. 18, n. 45. 3. T. benguellensis Welw. ms. in Herb., sp. n. An inelegant shrub, sub-arborescent, 4 to 6 ft. high or occasionally higher, remarkable for the hardness of its wood and rigidity of its ramifications; branches virgate, subterete, glabrate below, shortly pubescent or felted above, the older ones sub- spinescent in consequence of the stiff pin-like character of the patent alternate lateral branchlets, which are leafy in a fasciculate manner at the apex; indumentum pallid; leaves alternate scattered or mostly crowded at the tips of the branchlets, obovate, rounded and often apiculate or emarginate at the apex, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, thinly coriaceous, deep-green and glabrescent or obsoletely tomentellous above, pallid and felted beneath, entire, 1 to 24 in. long by 3} to 1} in. broad; petiole 4 to 3 in. long, hairy or subglabrate; inflorescence in the axils of the uppermost leaves; fruits racemose, bright blood-red, oval- 340 LII, COMBRETACES. [ Terminalia oblong, glabrate, drupaceous, surrounded by a broad flat purplish wing, 1? to 2 in. long by ? to 1 in. broad, emarginate at the apex, somewhat narrowed towards the base ; central portion bony, very hard, 1-seeded; fruiting racemes 1 to 23 in. long, pedicels. ranging up to # in, long. BenGuetLa.—In bushy places at the sea coast near the city; fr. June 1859. Nos. 4290 and 4344. Var. ovalis. Fruit oval in outline, 14 to 12 in. long by 1 to 1} in. broad, deep blood-red; leaves rather oblanceolate, nearly glabrescent except the veins beneath. MossaMEDES.—In sandy thickets, near the town, at Boca do Rio Bero, on the sea coast ; fr. July 1859. Nos. 4291 and 4337. Co... CarP. 106 and 548. Houiiia.—In bushy, hilly, rather dry places between Lopollo and Nene ; fl. Dec. 1859, young fr. Feb. 1860 (fr. April). No flowers have: been preserved. No. 4292. 4. T. brachystemma Welw. ms. in Herb., sp. n. A tree, 15 to 20 feet high, glabrous throughout except the very young leaves pedicels bracteoles and part of the flowers, with the habit of an Anacardiwm; head very broad; branches patent ;. leaves alternate, scattered on the barren shoots, crowded at the extremities of the flowering branches, sessile or at length shortly petiolate, obovate or obovate-elliptical, rounded obtuse or emarginate and abruptly acuminate cuspidate apiculate or mucronate at the apex, gradually attenuated towards the base, deep-green above, whitish-glaucous beneath, 24 to 63 in. long by 13 to 23 in. broad, entire, thinly coriaceous; venation in- conspicuous ; flowers polygamo-dicecious, 54, in. diam., on short pubescent pedicels, arranged in spikelike shortly pedunculate racemes 1 to 2 in. long; bracteoles lanceolate, about equalling the pedicels, pubescent outside, deciduous ; calyx yellowish-green or whitish, puberulous or glabrescent, 5-cleft ; lobes deltoid at the base, with a prolonged tip ; stamens shorter than or scarcely exceeding the calyx; ovary pilose; style prolonged, glabrescent ; fruit glaucous-purple, glabrate, oval, somewhat compressed, - surrounded with a broad wing, emarginate at the apex, some- what narrowed or nearly rounded at the base, 1 to 13 in. long by 1 to 13 in. broad. Huiiia.—In open woods, in rocky places, at an elevation of 5000 to 5600 ft., between Lopollo and Empalanea ; fl. Oct. 1859 ; fr. May 1860. Nos. 4287 and 4345. Cf. Cony. Carp. 86. 2. GUIERA Juss. ; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. p. 687. 1. G. senegalensis Lam. Tabl. Encycl. ii. p. 486, t. 360, fig. sup. (1793); Pers. Syn. Pl. i. p. 470 (1805); Poir. Encycl. Méth. Suppl. ii. p. 861 (1811); Guill. & Perr. Fl. Seneg. p. 282, t. 66, fig. 2 (1833); Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 418. G. glandulosa Sm. in Rees, Cycl. vol. xvii. (1811). Gujera senegalensis Gmel, Syst. ii. p. 675 (1791). Guiera| ‘LIT, COMBRETACEA. 341 MossaMEDES.—A robust shrub, climbing high and widely, becoming hoary ; leaves opposite, densely tomentose beneath and also white- punctate above. Abundant in tall thickets in Mata dos Carpenteiros ; without either fl. or fr. July 1859. Nos. 4289 and 4346. 3. LAGUNCULARIA Gertn. f.; Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Pl. i. p. 688. 1. L. racemosa Gertn. f. Fruct. iii. p. 209, t. 217, f. 3 (1805) ; Welw. in Proceed. Linn. Soc. i. p. 328 (1854); Lawson in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 419. Loanpa.—A shrub standing erect, or a small tree of 5 to 7 ft. ; flowers white. Abundant and nearly always in company with Rhizophora and Avicennia, at the muddy sea-shore, near the city of Loanda; at Zamba grande, frequently inundated by the sea; fl. July 1854, No. 4347. Abundant also in like company on the island of Loanda, at Cabo Lombo, etc. ; fl. from Oct to Dec. 1853. 4. COMBRETUM Loefling, Iter, p. 308 (1758); L. Syst. edit. 10, p. 999 (1759); Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 1. p. 688. 1. C. Klotzschii Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p, 422, quoad specim. Welw. GoLtungo ALTo,—A gigantic shrub, climbing high ; sarmentose branches 20 to 25 ft. long ; leaves thick, not coriaceous, fallen at the time of the flowers ; flowering branches often 2} ft. long, as well as the whole inflorescence, except the petals, glandular-viscid ; calyx nerved-striate, pale-greenish, almost yellow-greenish ; petals of a deep red-scarlet colour ; styles far exceeding the 10 stamens. In the more elevated thickets and on sparingly-leafy trees at the skirts of forests, on the north-east side of the mountains of Serra de Alto Queta ; fl. and fr. July 1855. No. 4300. 2. C. oxystachyum Welw. ex Laws., l.c., p. 422. Bumso.—A shrub, 3 to 5 ft. high, softly pubescent throughout, sparingly and patently branched; branches sometimes elongate- sarmentose ; leaves alternate or opposite; flowers scarlet, arranged in acutely conical spicate racemes:2} to 3 in. long, terminating the branches and branchlets ; calyx-teeth long, acute, gradually acuminate ; petals lanceolate, acuminate, rigid, hairy outside ; stamens 10; fruit 5- or 4-winged. In rocky tall-bushy places near Quitibe de Cima, at an elevation of 2000 to 2500 ft., sparingly ; only one shrub seen in fl. and (very few) fr.; June 1860. No. 4309. 3. C. celastroides Welw. ex Laws., d.c., p. 422. Hvitia.—A much-branched shrub, 4 to 7 ft. high, very rarely arborescent but scarcely scandent, or frequently a bush with a trunk and more or less climbing branches, with the habit of a Celastrus ; leaves lepidote beneath ; flowers yellow, tetramerous ; calyx densely lepidote : disk present ; fruit densely lepidote. In hilly places amongst tall bushes from Mumpulla up to Lopollo, especially in Morro de Lopollo ; fl. bud Oct., fl. Dec. 1859, fr. March 1860 ; also in rocky places, fr. end of March 1859; and in forests above Lopollo, Dec. 1859. Nos. 4370, 4389. Cf. CoLi. Carp. 557 (part). 4, C. grandiflorum G. Don in Edinb. Phil. Journ. 1824, p. 346 ; Laws., l.c., p. 423. C. Afzelianum G. Don, Gen. Syst. ii. p. 666 (1832). 342 LII, COMBRETACE®. [ Combretum SrerrA LEoNE.—A climbing shrub, 4 to 6 ft. high ; shoots 6 to 10 ft. long, scandent in all directions or pendulous-nodding ; leaves glossy, blackish-green, coriaceous ; flowers sanguine-red, brilliant, very handsome. In elevated forests at the cataract of Sugar-loaf Mountain above Freetown ; fl. Sept. 1853. No. 4311. AMBRIZ.—Sporadic, in rocky thickets alongside streams between Ambriz and Quizembo ; fl. Nov. 1853. No. 4310. 5. C. constrictum Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii, p. 423; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, p. 183 (1884). Loanpa.—A large shrub, 5 to 7 ft. high, with stems in some cases. » erect, in others climbing amongst other shrubs or decumbent ; leaves deciduous at the flowering season ; flowers whitish ; anthers brick-red. Abundant in moist thickets between Quicuxe and Mutollo, but rarely ~ flowering : at Quicuxe with leaves and without fl. April and July 1854. Native name “ Mafucama-hdéje ” or ‘‘ Muhondongolo.” No. 4302. IcoLo E Benco.—By thickets in rocky situations near Prata; fl. Sept. 1854. Native name ‘“‘Muhondongolo.” No. 4304. Lisonco.—A small shrub, mostly only 1 to 3 ft. high, rarely attain- ing 3 to 5 ft., mostly but not always leafless at the time of flowering ; branchlets virgate-sarmentose ; leaves opposite, membranous but rather fleshy, quickly dropping in the course of drying; calyx-limb glabrescent ; petals elongate-spathulate, obtuse, rather shaggy, whitish ; stamens 10, with red anthers. In dense thickets at the edges of forests in the more elevated parts of the district, at the banks of the river Lifune ; fl.-without leaves Sept. 1858. Native name “‘ Muandongolo.” No. 4303. GoLuNGo ALtTo.—A climbing shrub, 3 to5 ft. high, with sarmentose branches variously curved or elongate-straight; petals of a pale sulphur colour, woolly-ciliate. In rocky thickets near Cambondo and Cabanga Cacalunga, sporadic ; fl. and young fr. Oct. 1855, ripe fruit Jan. 1855. Native name ‘ Muhondongdlo” or ‘“ Mochondongolo.” Nos. 4282 and 4305. A low scandent shrub; leaves grass-green, pendulous by reason of the weak petioles being always bent and twisted in various ways: odour of the bruised branches and foliage resembling that of Prunus Padus L., not noticed in the root, which is recommended by the natives as an excellent remedy in the case of worms (Ascarides) in children. In thickets about Sange, sporadic ; without either fl. or fr. beginning of June 1855. Native name “Muhondongolo.” No. 4306. Ampaca.—A sarmentose shrub, 2 to 4 ft. high, with numerous stems, mostly leafless at the time of flowering ; leaves membranous but rather rigid ; flowers white except the brick-red anthers, decandrous ; calyx rather shaggy, with a campanulate limb and 5 teeth ; petals elongate- spathulate or lanceolate-spathulate, shaggy, whitish, erect, far exceeding the calyx-limb. Not uncommon but sporadic, in bushy rocky places. near Puri-Cacarambola ; fl. and also leafy branches Oct. 1856. Used officinally by the natives. This No. is referred in Welwitsch’s herbarium, to Lawson’s variety 8, though the next species, C. rigidi- folium Welw., better suits Lawson’s description. No. 43807. A decoction of the root or a tepid infusion of the bark is administered. to children suffering from intestinal worms (Ascarides) ; it is usually leafless at the time of flowering. Another form of the native name is “ Muandongélo.” The green leaves when rubbed give off the smell of cyanic acid. 6. C. rigidifolium Welw. ms. in Herb, An erect shrub, 3 to 4 ft. high; stem with a few subterete Combretum | LII. COMBRETACES. 343 branches springing from near its base, dark-ashy rather strict and straight and puberulous towards the extremities; leaves mostly ternate, oval, shortly acuminate to an obtuse or apiculate apex, somewhat cordate at the base, minutely white-dotted and glabrous on both faces except the puberulous clearly marked venation, the principal veins of which are impressed on the upper face, sub-glaucescent above, thinly coriaceous, very rigid, 3 to 6 in. long by 14 to 3 wide; petiole tawny-tomentellous or obsoletely so, 3 to } in. long, thickened towards the base; inflorescence axillary, densely racemose, brown-tomentellous or densely pubescent, about half as long as the leaves; pedicels ranging up to ; in. long; flowers white, pentamerous; calyx densely pubescent, almost tomentose, constricted above the ovary, the free portion somewhat funnel-shaped, 3 in. long, glabrous inside except dense brush-like hairs at the base, teeth deltoid, short ; petals oblanceolate, shaggy, veiny, longer than the calyx-teeth, zo in. long ; stamens 10, unequal, exserted, glabrous, inserted on the calyx-tube at different heights near its middle ; style glabrous, exserted rather beyond the filaments. Punco AnponGo.—In thickets along the margins of Panda forests, near Luxillo, sparingly, only two specimens seen in fl. (and afterwards in vain sought for in fr.), end of Oct. 1856. No. 4308. Nearly related to Muandongolo (C. constrictum Laws.). 7. C. racemosum P. Beauv. Fl. Owar. ii. p. 90 t. 118 (1818) ; Guill. & Perr. Fl. Senegamb. p. 285, t. 67 (1833); Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr, ii. p. 424. GoLunco AutTo.—A divaricately branched shrub, 3 to 4 ft. high, rambling, scarcely scandent ; leaves thick but soft, clothed beneath with a whitish tomentum ; flowers purple. By secondary thickets between Trombeta and Cambondo, rather rare; fl. 19 Sept. 1854. No. 4299. A slender sarmentose shrub, much branched from the base, occasionally standing erect; branches very long, sometimes deflexed, sometimes scandent, or twisted and twining, aculeate ; prickles strong, recurved, acuminate ; adult leaves brightly shining, green, the young leaves whitish-yellow or yellowish-tomentose ; flowers atro-purpureous or blood-red purple, subsessile ; bracteoles small, narrow, acute ; calyx clothed with short shaggy -downy hairs, the tube obtusely 4-angled, the limb funnel-shaped or elongate-campanulate, shaggy inside about the insertion of the stamens, naked and with a purple gloss at the base about the insertion of the style, mouth ciliate, 4-toothed, teeth from a broad base abruptly long-acuminate, erect ; petals 4, obovate- or ovate-lanceolate, erect, mostly rather acute but occasionally hooded at the apex or folded or rather obtuse or quasi-spathulate, rather fleshy and rigid, glabrous inside, densely shaggy outside, more or less bearded- ciliate on the margin, atro-purpureous or yellow-reddish, much longer than the calyx-teeth ; stamens 8, very long, inserted in two rows, exserted, straight, radiately arranged ; style glabrous, straight, central, nearly as long as the filaments ; fruit smooth, 4-angled, green-reddish. In the drier thin hilly thickets near Bango Aquitamba and Bumba ; fl. and young fr. Sept., fl. and ripe fr. on the same branches Oct. 1855. No. 4353. Punco ANDonGo.—A sarmentose shrub, 4 ft, high; fruit rose- 344 LII, COMBRETACES. [Combretum purple. By the thickets of the fortress, near Luxillo, rather rare ; fr. Feb. 1857. No. 4354. 8. C. flammeum Welw. ms. in Herb. C. racemosum, var. flammeum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. FI. Trop. Afr, ii. p. 425. GoLunGo ALTo.—An arborescent shrub, very widely and highly but not very highly climbing. Sange, fl. July 1856. No. 4295. Near Sange, 31 March 1856 ; fl. and fr. on the same plant. No. 4296. In Molemba (cf. Ficus) groves at Sange ; ripe fr. Nov. 1854. No. 4297. By side of and on the road from Cambondo to Trombeta ; in the rainy season, Sept. 1854, without fl. or fr. No. 4298. A very beautiful prickly shrub, climbing extensively but not to a great height, glandular-downy when young ; leaves not coriaceous, opposite or occasionally ternate, pellucid-punctate, ciliate on the margin with hyaline hairs ; petioles in old age after the fall of the blades changed into turned-back prickles ; the floral leaves, bracts, pedicels, flowers, and the whole inflorescence carmine, flowers very handsome, tetra- merous, nearly sessile, appearing principally in the middle of winter and then often a plant of this shrub covers fences for a distance of 18 to 30 ft. and makes it blaze as if on fire, afterwards flowering in Novy. and Dee. ; calyx glabrous except the tetragonal tube, which is rather shaggy on the angles, limb elongate-campanulate, viscid inside, teeth from a very broad base acute ; petals oblong, slightly attenuated but scarcely acute at the apex, densely downy outside, ciliate at the margin ; stamens far exserted ; style equalling the stamens; fruit smooth, 4-winged, apiculate but not emarginate at the apex, wholly carmine. In thickets at the borders of the forest nearly throughout the district, fl. July and August 1855 and 1856 ; in the Molemba groves, at the end of Oct. 1855,fr. No.4351. A widely climbing shrub, very extensively sarmentose ; flowers and floral leaves bright blood-red. In secondary thickets after cultivation, in the garden of the residency, fl. Oct. 1854. Apparently this species. No. 4352. Ampaca.—A shrub sometimes erect, sometimes sarmentose-scandent; fruit rose-purple. In neglected roadways ; fr. Oct. 1856. Apparently this species. No. 4355. 9. C. paniculatum Vent. Choix Pl. sub n. 58 (1803); Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 425. Gotunco ALTo.—In thickets between Bango and Sange, fr. May 1856 ; Cungulungulo, fl. No. 4284. A little shrub, 3 to 4 ft. high, standing erect ; Delamboa river, fl. end of August 1856. No. 4333. A leafless climbing shrub ; Bango road near Quilombo, fl. July 1856. No. 4334. Ponte de Luiz Simoes; fl. and fr. August 1855. No. 4336. A tall-climbing shrub, in the young state usually standing erect and remaining so during 2 to 4 years; leaves coriaceous, thick, brittle, very glossy on the upper-side, deciduous just at the time of flowering ; calyx 4-toothed, wholly yellowish-green, clothed with a loose tomentum, teeth deltoid ovate acuminate ; petals 4, short, ovate, more or less concave, delicately ciliolate at the apex and on the upper margin, deep-scarlet ; stamens 8, partly much paler than the calyx, inflected in the bud, far exserted in the full flower ; style purplish, exceeding the stamens. In thickets and also in dense primitive forests, climbing on the tallest trees; Ponte de Luiz Simoes, early fl. August 1858. No. 4359. A robust shrub ; stem often 3 in. in diameter at the base and more, 50 to 60 ft. long or even more, reaching the tops of the Combretum | LII, COMBRETACE, 345 tallest trees, and there with its innumerable flowers decking the tops with a scarlet cloak. In the elevated forests of Cungulungulo in Sobato Calanga, etc., flowering throughout the year; fl. July 1855. No. 4360. Leaves coriaceous and glossy, not opaque nor herbaceous ; flowers carmine. On the way to Ambaca from Ponte de Luiz Simoes, fl. June 1855 ; between Sange and Ponte de Luiz Simoes, fl. end of July. No. 4861. A tall-climbing shrub, with bright-scarlet flowers. By thickets between Sange and Ponte de Luiz Simoes; fl. end of July 1855. No. 4362. A shrub climbing to a great height, spiny in old age ; flowers of a fiery-red colour, octandrous ; leaves coriaceous, very glossy. Abundant in primitive forests, and standing erect in secondary thickets near Sange ; Quibolo, fl. July 1856; Delamboa, fl. August 1856. No. 4366. A stout shrub, climbing high, with scarlet flowers. In thickets between Bango and Sange; fr. May 1856. No. 4367. CazENGO.—A climbing arborescent shrub. Mata de Cabondo ; fl. June 1855. No. 4363. ZENZA DO GOLUNGO.—Leaves coriaceous, very shining, ovate- elliptical or occasionally nearly round-ovate ; flowers scarlet. In thickets from Quicanda to Tanderaxique ; fl. Sept. 1854. No. 4864. A shrub climbing high and widely, nearly leafless at the time of flowering, the lowest branches furnished with flower-buds and leaves almost all destroyed by insects, the branches in the middle of the climbing stem in full flower, while of the lateral branchlets some already bear fruits and others have foliage only, all on the same individual plant at the same time; leaves varying in consistency to an extra- ordinary degree ; flowers bright-scarlet ; stamens 8; fruits remarkable for their silvery-golden lustre. On bushy slopes of the Montes de Mongédlo ; fl. and unripe fr. Sept. 1854. No. 4358. The following No. is perhaps a form of this species :— GoLuNGO ALTO.—A very glossy-green, prickly shrub, extensively climbing by tall thickets ; without fl. or fr. Nov. 1855.—ZENza Do GoLUNGO.—F lowers scarlet ; Bango road, May 1856. No. 4368. 10. C. virgatum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. FI. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 425. Punco ANDoNGO.—A virgate-sarmentose shrub, 5 to 7 feet high, clothed on most parts with whitish silky-shaggy hairs; stems numerous, erect-spreading, sparingly branched ; leaves silky-tomentose, even the adult ones velvety-tomentose beneath, but the tomentum cottony or more cottony than on the young leaves which are densely tomentose and remarkable for a coppery-tawny gloss ; flowers often on leafless branches, brilliant vermilion, the. most brilliant of all species seen by Welwitsch in tropical Africa, very densely clustered, tetramerous ; calyx-limb campanulate, teeth deltoid abruptly acuminate bearded at the apex with bundles of rather rigid hairs erect ; petals scarlet, broad, suborbicular, very obtuse, scarcely clawed, but little or scarcely longer than the calyx-teeth ; stamens 8, tolerably robust, moderately exserted, scarlet ; style straight, shorter than the stamens ; bracteoles narrow, acute, equalling or a little longer than the ovary, caducous. In thickets at the banks of the river Cuanza, sporadic ; fl. April 1857. No. 4357. 11. C. virgultosum Welw. ms. in Herb. A shrub, 5 to 8 feet high; stems numerous, long, virgate- sarmentose, erect, subterete, softly whitish-silky (turning reddish- brown in drying) when young, obsoletely so afterwards ; leaves 346 LII. COMBRETACE. [Combretum opposite or sub-opposite, often ternate, upper ones sometimes alternate, elliptical, narrowly acuminate at the apex, but little attenuated at the base, unequal especially the lower ones at the base, rigidly and thinly coriaceous, deep-green above, paler beneath, 23 to 5 in. long by 3 to 2 in. broad, those of the barren branches softly whitish-silky (turning reddish-brown in drying), those of the flowering branches more or less smooth and glabrescent ; petiole rather longer than usual in the genus, ranging up to 1 in. or more; flowers tetramerous, sessile or subsessile, crowded in dense clusters arranged in axillary and terminal spikes forming oblong or pyramidal more or less leafy panicles, scarlet or blood-red, brilliant ; bracteoles minute, narrow, shorter than the ovary, quickly caducous; calyx 3 to 4 in, long; calyx-limb elongate-campanulate, silky-pubescent outside, pubescent inside ; teeth from a deltoid base acute and bearded at the apex ; petals very broadly ovate or suborbicular, always but very little attenuated or apiculate at the apex, shortly exceeding the calyx-teeth, over- lapping on the margins, glabrous or nearly so; stamens 8, moderately exserted, scarlet like the petals; style rather firm, erect, shorter than the filaments. Punco ANDONGO. On a red-clay soil in the thickets of Cabanga, sparingly ; fl. Jan. 1857. No. 4301. In bushy places on rich ferru- ginous clay at the borders of primitive forests near Quibanga, rather rare ; fl. Jan. and Feb. 1857. No. 4365. This species is nearly related to C. virgatum Welw., from which it differs by the oblong calyx, smaller bracteoles, less permanent tomentum on the foliage, etc. 12. ©. eleagnoides Klotzsch in Peters, Mossamb. Bot. p. 73 (1862); Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 426. MossaMEeDES.—A bush or small tree 8 to 12 rarely 15 feet high, with the habit and clothing of an Elwagnus ; stem much branched from the base; branches divaricate, spinescent when old ; wood excellent, very hard, durable, tenacious ; branchlets compressed, many abortive and passing into elongated straight spines, the younger ones as well as the lower face of the leaves and young parts clothed with discoid ferruginous or at first silvery scales after the fashion of Elaagnus. In shrubby sandy places on the right bank of the estuary of the river Bero (Garganta do Rio, Bero) at Boca do Rio, 9 or 10 geographical miles _ from the ocean, amongst tall bushes, sporadic ; leafy branches without either fl. or fr., July and 10 August 1859. Nos. 4283, 4387. _In the absence of flower and fruit it is impossible absolutely to confirm this determination. 13. C. truncatum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 427; non Engler, quod C. Oliverianwm Engl. BENGUELLA.—A tree of moderate size, with a spreading broad leafy head ; leaves rounded, obtuse, scaly on both faces ; fruit proportion- ately rather small, scaly all over, truncate at the base ; seed hexagonal, angles obtuse but fairly prominent. In wooded sandy maritime situations between the city of Benguella and the river Catumbella ; fr. June 1859. No, 4372. Combretum | LII. COMBRETACE. 347 14. C. lepidotum A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. i. p. 268 (1847); Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 427; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, p. 183 (1884); non Presl (C’. syuwamosum Roxb.). C. Richardianum Van Heurch & Mill. Arg. in Van Heurch, Observ. Bot. fase. ii. p. 234 (10 Sept. 1871). GotunGo ALTo.—A much-branched shrub, 5 to 6 feet high, some- times almost climbing ; leaves not pellucid-punctate ; flowers yellow- whitish. Not common, by thickets near the banks of the rivulet Quiposa (or Quiapose),inot far from Canguerasange ; fl. and old fr. beginning of Nov. 1854. No. 4318. A small tree ; at the banks of the river Cuango, along the base of Serra de Alto Queta, fl. April 1856. No. 43184. A tree 25 to 30 feet high ; trunk straight, 18 inches in diameter at the base ; crown widely spreading ; branches patent. On the drier slopes of Sobato de Mussengue, near Menha-lula ; fr. May 1855. A form with narrower leaves. No. 4815. A tree usually of moderate size, 25 to 30 feet high, somewhat resembling in foliage and flowers a tall Salix caprea L., occasionally a handsome lofty tree of 50 to 80 feet and then after C. dipterwm Welw. the largest of the family in Angola, flowering without leaves at the beginning of spring, glistening like mother-of-pearl ; leaves coriaceous ; flowers whitish-yellowish. On slopes of the mountains of Serra de Alto Queta, in forests less densely wooded and along streams near Sange, Menha-lula, etc. ; fl. beginning of Sept. 1855; fr. end of June and July 1855-56 ; sporadic. Native name in Bango “ Mucage”’ ; it is also called the tree of the worms, on account of its being often lined with grubs of a large and beautiful Buprestis. No. 4312. ZENZA DO GoLUNGO.—A tree, 12 to 15 feet high, rarely higher, almost resembling in habit Amygdalus Persica L. or when in flower a species of Salix ; leaves deciduous at the time of flowering, coriaceous when adult ; flowers yellowish, Near Montes de Mongélo (whence Bengo negroes brought fruiting specimens, and where it forms small thickets) and vicinity towards the river Chixe, in company with Celastrineze forming small bright woods; fl. Sept. 1857. No. 4317. Montes de Mongélo ; fl. Sept. 1854. No. 4281 (as to fl. specimen). AmpBaca.—A tall tree, 50 to 80 feet high ; leaves deciduous. In hilly situations along the banks of the river Caringa, at an elevation of 3000 feet, sporadic and solitary where the primitive forest had been destroyed ; ripe fr. June 1855. No. 4316. River Caringa. No. 4281 (as to fr, specimen). Bumeo.—A handsome tree ; trunk sometimes 18 to 30 inches in diameter ; timber highly valued by the Portuguese colonists, who call it Carvalho (oak). In the more open forests along the base of Serra da Xeila, not uncommon ; branches without fl. Oct. 1859. Native name “ Munhangue” or “‘ Munhandge.” No. 4313. Huvitia.—A handsome tree, 20 to 30 feet high, with spreading umbrageous usually broadly-ovoid head ; flowers yellowish or in bud - purple. In the forest near Mumpulla, where under its shade Welwitsch pitched his tent, and again about Humpata as far as Nene, frequent ; fl. and few fr. Oct. 1859. Nos. 4314, 4388. Var. melanostictum (Welw.). A small tree of 10 to 15 feet (probably a young one); trunk straight, 9 inches in circumference ; head spreading widely ; the older branchlets densely scattered with small black points ; leaves, even the adult ones, ferruginous-shaggy and densely lepidote 348 LII, COMBRETACES. [Combretum beneath with whitish scales, beset above with whitish conical papille ; fruit yellow-dusky. Hvitita.—In the more open forests, consisting for the most part of Parinari and of various genera of Cesalpinez, between Catumba and Hay ; at Monino, fl. Oct. 1859 ; fr. April 1860. No. 4376. Welwitsch noticed in several fruits that when very ripe and dry they split, not only at the apex but down nearly to the base, into four valves, and then the seeds fall out freely, 15. C. angolense Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 428. Go.tunco ALto.—Flowers hermaphrodite, whitish, turning into a pale-sulphur colour ; calyx-limb funnel-shaped, 4-toothed ; petals 4, broadly ovate-rotundate or almost orbicular, wedge-shaped at the base, glandular-ciliate or delicately fimbriate-dentate on the margin, white ; stamens 8 or exceptionally 7 or 6, exserted ; anthers reddish ; fruits always very densely crowded in little heads, mostly greenish-red or quite red, rather viscid, very shortly stipitate, emarginate at the apex, apiculate in the obtuse emargination, broadly 4-winged (in one instance 7-winged). By thickets along palm-groves, Arimo do Mariano, sporadic, end of May 1855; in thickets by the river Cuango near Sange, beginning of June 1855 ; Bango road and at Cacarambola May 1856 ; Sange fl. 7 Sept. 1856. No. 4820. A subscandent shrub, 3 to 5 feet high, with whitish flowers. At the skirts of the drier thickets in Sobato de Mussengue, fl. end of May 1855 ; in the forests of the same, in late fr. Feb. 1855. No. 4321. A climbing shrub ; in thickets near Bango, fl. bud, July 1855. No. 4822. CazENGO.—A very widely climbing shrub; flowering branchlets ascending and then pendulous; flowers whitish. In the primitive forests between Dalatando and Cambondo; fl. and fr. June 1855. No. 4323. A climbing or sarmentose shrub as tall as a man ; stem 3 to 4 feet high; the whole plant hoary and clothed with an ashy- velvety tomentum ; stamens 8; fruit 4-winged. In secondary thickets at the base of the mountains of Muxaulo, sparingly ; fl. and fr. June 1855. No. 4819. No. 4335, without locality, in fl. and fr., appears to belong to this species. 16. C. laxiflorum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 428. Pungo ANponGo.—A handsome tree of moderate size, 25 to 35 feet high ; head ovoid, widely spreading ; branches and branchlets spread- ing ; wood whitish, very hard, almost as in Gusuzo (C. dipterum Welw.) ; leaves pellucid-punctate, densely lepidote beneath, as also the calyx with conspicuous branny scales; flowers yellowish or straw- coloured, whitish in bud ; stamens 8 ; ovary 2-ovuled ; style central, cylindrical, equally thick from the base to the apex ; disk 4-lobed ; lobes obtusely emarginate at the apex. In forests on a rich ferruginous clay near Quibanga, sporadic, fl. Jan. 1857 ; Pedras de Guinga, April 1857 ; in thickets and small woods by the river Luxillo near the bridge, in scarcely open fl. Jan. 1857, fr. end of April 1857. No. 4384. 17. C. rubiginosum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p.428. Punco AnponGo.—A tree, 20 to 25 ft. high; branches erect-patent; leaves very glossy, lepidote beneath; fruit ruddy, densely clothed with red scales. In forests about Pedras de Guinga, up to an elevation of 4000 ft ; fr. Jan. 1857, No. 4369. Combretum | LI. COMBRETACES. 349 18. C. anisopterum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p- 429. Hur1a.—A small bushy tree, 6 to 9 ft. high, with a densely intricate head ; ultimate branchlets more or less sarmentose, subscandent ; flowers tetramerous, racemose-capitate, yellowish, but little scented, those in the lower part of the raceme male (sterile ?) with the tube of the calyx quite filiform, those in the upper part fertile with the inferior portion of the calyx acutely 3- or 4-winged ; calyx-limb of all the flowers cyathiform, obscurely and shortly 4-toothed or sometimes almost truncate without teeth; petals yellow, obovate, very shortly clawed ; the 4 lower filaments inserted beneath the disc, which is rather thick and pilose around the base of the style. 1n the more elevated densely bushy or wooded rocky parts of Morro de Lopollo ; fl. Nov. and beginning of Dec. 1859; fr. Feb. to end of March 1860. No. 4374. Cf. Cou. Carp. 557 (part). 19. C. dipterum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 429; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, p. 183 (1884). GoLunGo ALTo.—An immense tree; trunk 24 to 30 in. in diam. and in rare cases reaching 42 in.; wood very good, whitish, hard, durable ; flowers white, pleasantly aromatic. In forests from Sange to the banks of the river Luinha, not uncommon; fl. March 1855. Native name “Goztiso.” No. 4380. A tall tree with a Myrtaceous habit, densely leafy, but in the flowering state almost entirely leafless and in the fruiting state resembling an elm; wood especially hard and durable ; flowers white, agreeably fragrant. At the banks of the river Delamboa in Sobato de Bumba, sporadic, fi. March, fr. April 1855 : and in forests between Cambondo and Trombeta and the river Luinha, abundant, fl. March 1855. Native name “Gususso.” No. 4381. A shrub or perhaps in the primitive forests a tree, much branched ; branches and branchlets spreading ; leaves thinly coriaceous ; flowers white. In secondary thickets amongst the mountains of Serra de Queta, sparingly in fl. 19 March 1856. No. 4382. A small elegant tree; habit Myrtaceous or Combretaceous. Mountains of Alto Queta ; fr. only, middle of Dec. 1854. Fruits larger than the type, # to in. long, probably the same species. Cou. Carp. 558. CazENGco.—A tree, 25 to 40 ft. high, apparently evergreen ; wood hard, highly esteemed. In forests on both sides of the river Luinha ; fr. 3- and 2-winged in the same head ; in leaf 26 Dec. 1854. Native name “ Gusiisu.” No. 4383. 20. C. tinctorum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 430; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, p. 183 (1884) (éinctoriwm). C'. Kirkii, var., Laws., l.c. Pungo ANDoNGO.—A tree, 15 to 30 ft. high, sparingly branched, with a lax head and almost the habit of C. lepidotum A. Rich.; root and occasionally the branches used to dye cloth and other fabrics black ; leaves (including a petiole of + to 7 in.) 3 to 5 in. long by 14 to 2 in. broad, sparingly lepidote ; fruiting peduncles 14 to 13 in. long ; fruit 13 to 2 in. long, 1 to 14 in. broad, 4- or rarely 5-winged, mode- rately rounded-emarginate at both ends, yellow-greenish or greenish even when ripe or yellowish or turning quite yellow, lepidote, pro- ducing a yellow dye. In forests about the base of Serra de Pedras de Guinga, at an elevation of 4000 ft., sporadic ; not quite ripe fr. March 1857. No. 4373. Native name “ Lunga-lasdége.” 350 LII, COMBRETACES. | Combretum The following No., without either flower or fruit, resembles in foliage this species :— GoLtunco AttTo.—A tree-like shrub, as tall as a man. Between Cambondo and Trombeta, Sept. 1857. No. 4386. 21. C. paradoxum Welw. ex Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 430, Gotunco ALTo.—A robust shrub, very widely climbing ; fruiting branchlets nodding or pendulous ; leaves evergreen, the younger ones herbaceous, the adult ones moderately coriaceous, yellow-green above, more obscurely green below, pellucid-punctate, the fresh ones turning yellowish in drying; flowers tetramerous ; pedicels bearing a small lepidote-tomentellous deciduous bracteole ; calyx obtusely 4-ribbed on the inferior part, constricted above the ovary, shaggy inside, quickly expanding into a shortly campanulate almost quadrangular cup, quasi 4-gibbous downwards, 4-lobed, limb inflected ; petals 4, obovate, from whitish turning yellowish, a little longer than the calyx-teeth ; stamens usually 8,4 of which are higher than the others, occasionally only 4 and then opposite the petals ; anthers pale yellow ; disk rather thick, ample, orbicular, nearly glabrous or thinly pubescent, covering the inner face of the calyx-tube ; style short, elongate-conical, rather thick; stigma rather small; ovary 1-celled, 2- rarely 3- or very rarely 4-ovuled; ovules pendulous ; funicles (if more than two ovules) unequal ; fruit velvety. In primitive forests at the cataracts, near Fonte Capopa behind Sange, sporadic ; fl. and fr. July and August 1855 and 1856. No. 4385. A small tree ; branches scandent ; leaves various in shape ; flowers racemose-paniculate ; panicles nodding ; calyx depresso-quad- rangular; stamens 4. At Capopa; fr. July to Sept. Cor1. Carp. 554. An arborescent shrub, subscandent, with long sarmentose branches ; calyx quadrate, saccate ; stamens 4. In the Capopa forests ; fl. and fr. August 1855. Cou. Carp. 555. 22. C. holosericeum Sond. in Linnza xxiii. p. 44 (1850); Laws. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. ii. p. 430; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, p. 183 (1884). C. psidioides Welw. in Ann. Conselho Ultramar. Lisb., May 1856, p. 249, n. 108. LoaNpA.—In coast situations a fairly elegant tree-like shrub with a spreading head and the habit quite like a species of Psidiwm, 5 to 8 ft. high, or in the interior a copiously leafy tree of 15 to 25 ft.; branches numerous, spreading ; branchlets and foliage clothed with a very soft white-silky indumentum ; leaves obtuse, coriaceous, rigid ; fruit bril- liantly or luridly blood-red and lepidote-punctate, 4-winged, racemose. It affords excellent firewood, and is called by the negroes “ Mabe.” In rocky bushy places near Quicuxe and between it and Mutollo, rather rare, fr. May and July 1854 ; in sandy and stony thickets in the same vicinity, fr. 23 July 1857 ; at Bemposta, fr. 18 May 1859. No. 4378. Cout. Carp. 549. A small tree of 7 to 9 ft., with the habit of Psidium ; trunk terminating with a broad head, unbranched below ; leaves large, obovate-elliptical, tomentose, in thickets in the south-east part of the district, near Quicuxe ; fr. July 1854. Coin. Carp. 550. This small tree constitutes, together with some Acacias and Bur- seracese, the principal parts of the thin sandy forests in the interior of the districts of Loanda and Calumba, and furnishes the chief part of the firewood used in Loanda ; the wood is also used for the building of the huts, etc. Punco AnponGo.—A beautiful tree, 20 to 25 ft. high, with a broad spreading head ; branchlets purple ; leaves large, coriaceous, rigid, Combretum | LIT. COMBRETACES. 351 obcordate, mucronate, beneath white-punctate especially along the veins, and with raised reticulation ; fruit brilliantly blood-red or purplish, obtuse at the base, emarginate at the apex, scattered on the body and wings with atro-purpureous dots. In sandy wooded places along the banks of the river Cuanza, near Sansamanda ; fr. Feb. 1857. Nos. 4377, and (without notes or locality) 4288. Huiiia.—A tree of 10 to 15 ft., very rarely reaching 20 ft., with the habit of a Psidium ; trunk bare at the base ; head widely spread- ing, with a grey hue ; flowers turning yellow, atro-purpureous in bud ; filaments blood-red. In open sandy forests near Lopollo, in company with species of Protea and Acacia, abundant; fl. Oct. 1859 ; without fl. Dec. 1859 ; fr. Feb. and April 1860. No. 4379. 23. C. polystictum Welw. ms. in Herb. Cf. Combretum (sp. n.), Welw. in Ann. Conselho Ultramar. Lisb., May 1856, p. 250, n. 113. A closely branched erect or scandent shrub or a small tree ; branches terete, glabrate or nearly so; branchlets slender, puber- ulous with short sub-fulvous hairs; leaves opposite, elliptic- oblong, more or less acuminate at the apex, usually rounded or subcordate at the base, thinly coriaceous or almost papery, puberulous along the nerves or glabrate, 2 to 4 in. long by 3 to 13 in. broad, dark-green above, paler and closely scattered with small pallid scales beneath ; petiole puberulous, } to } in. long, rather slender ; inflorescence cymose, axillary, lateral and terminal, sometimes forming terminal panicles 6 to 9 in. long; ultimate pedicels short in flower, scaly; calyx-limb campanulate, 3 in. long, scaly outside, hairy inside especially over the lower part, shortly 4-cleft ; lobes deltoid; petals 4, broadly obovate or sub- orbicular, about twice as long as the calyx-lobes; stamens 8, exceeding the calyx-limb by about its length; fruit 4-winged, 2 to % in. long, 2 to 1 in. broad, more or less densely scattered with ‘small scales. Loanpa.—A small shrub, semetimes 2 to 3 ft. high, sometimes 5 to 6 ft. In thickets about the city of Loanda and Cacuaco ; fl. April to June 1854. No. 4324. in. long, glabrous, cleft at the apex; ovules 2, collateral in each cell; placentas fleshy ; fruit red, subglobose or ellipsoidal, 4 to 3 in. long, glabrous, somewhat ribbed vertically, 2-celled, tipped with the persistent calyx-limb, bracteolate at the base. HoviLia.—A dwarf tree ; anthers with a long subulate apiculus. By the road to Quipaca, past the fortress near Ferrao; fl. Oct. 1859. No. 3112. In bushy pastures on the right bank of the river of Lopollo, among shrubby Mimosas ; young fr. Dec. 1859. No. 3113. In thickets on the right bank of the river of Lopollo; fr. end of March 1860. The specimens afford evidence of the fruiting branches _being shoots sprung up from the burnt stems of a previous season. No. 3114. The same species was collected at Caconda in Nov. 1877 in fl. by Anchieta, n. 109, and at the same place in Jan. 1878 in fr. by Capello and Ivens, n. 16; it is there called by the natives ‘Onjamba” or ‘ Ojamba.” 2. T. buxifolia Hiern in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 119. Loanpa.—A shrub with the habit of the genus; flowers white, strictly pentamerous ; calyx-limb rather loose, with obtuse lobes ; 468 LXIX. RUBIACEA. [ Tricalysia corolla-throat densely bearded ; anthers exserted ; connective pro- duced at the apex with a subulate appendage ; style level with the anthers; stigma deeply bilobed. Gabriel’s coffee tree. No. 3118. An evergreen shrub, 3 to 5 ft. high; branches straight, spreading, decussate. with a whitish bark ; leaves rigidly coriaceous, shining, paler beneath ; flowers white, fragrant ; corolla contorted in zestivation. In hilly bushy rocky places at the back of Alto das Cruzes ; fl. Feb. 1854; unripe fr. April 1854. No. 3119. A shrub of 5 to 7 ft, evergreen, forming the densest thickets ; branches decussate, whitish ; stipules acuminate; leaves coriaceous, rather glossy, from pale yellowish to greenish and paler beneath ; fruit as large as a small pea or a peppercorn, greenish purple when unripe, crowned with the remains of the calyx-limb. In hilly, sandy and rocky places, not far from Quicuxe, abundant ; unripe fr. May 1854. No. 3120.