'LI E> R.AR.Y OF THL UN IVERSITY OF ILLINOIS TT CENTRAL CIRCULATION BOOKSTACKS The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its renewal or its return to the library from which it was borrowed on or before the Latest Date stamped below. The Minimum Fee for each Lost Book is $50.00. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result In dismissal from the University. TO RENEW CALL TELEPHONE CENTER, 333-84OO UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN JAN 1 1 1995 JAN 2 3 1395 When renewing by phone, write new due date below previous due date. L162 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY PUBLICATION 242 ZOOLOGICAL SERIES VOL. XIII CATALOGUE OF BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS AND THE ADJACENT ISLANDS IN FIELD MUSEUM C NATURAL HISTORY INCLUDING ALL SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES KNOWN TO OCCUR IN NORTH AMERICA, MEXICO, CENTRAL AMERICA. SOUTH AMERICA, THE WEST INDIES, AND ISLANDS OF THE CARIBBEAN SEA, THE GALAPAGOS ARCHIPELAGO. AND OTHER ISLANDS WHICH MAY BE IN- CLUDED ON ACCOUNT OF THEIR FAUNAL AFFINITIES Initiated by CHARLES B. CORY Late Curator of Zoology Continued by CHARLES E. HELLMAYR Associate Curator of Birds PART V TYRANNIDAE WILFRED H. OSGOOD Curator, Department of Zoology EDITOR CHICAGO, U. S. A. April n, 1927. THE LIBRARY OF THE FE81>: Of,,. »t* FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY PUBLICATION 242 ZOOLOGICAL SERIES VOL. XIII CATALOGUE OF BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS AND THE ADJACENT ISLANDS IN FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY INCLUDING ALL SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES KNOWN TO OCCUR IN NORTH AMERICA, MEXICO, CENTRAL AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, THE WEST INDIES, AND ISLANDS OF THE CARIBBEAN SEA. THE GALAPAGOS ARCHIPELAGO. AND OTHER ISLANDS WHICH MAY BE IN- CLUDED ON ACCOUNT OF THEIR FAUNAL AFFINITIES Initiated by CHARLES B. CORY Late Curator of Zoology Continued by CHARLES E. HELLMAYR Associate Curator of Birds PART V TYRANNIDAE WILFRED H. OSGOOD Curator, Department of Zoology EDITOR CHICAGO, U. S. A. April n, 1927. THE LIBRARY OF THE FES 17 1938 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS 5 V. \35 Co p. 2* PREFACE TO PART FIVE Probably no other group of birds presents more difficulties to the systematist than the Tyrant-flycatchers, forming the subject of the ,o present instalment of the "Catalogue of the Birds of the Americas." <• The family of Tyrannidae is very nearly related to the Chatterers (Cotingidae) and Manakins (Pipridae), and its exact limits can hardly v- be defined in the present state of our knowledge. As far as external ••'-• structure is concerned, the character of the tarsal covering, upon which ^Mr. Ridgway, the latest monographer, mainly relies as criterion for &o their discrimination, varies much in different individuals of the same species, and I cannot help thinking that its taxonomic value has been unduly overestimated. An arrangement resulting in the relegation to different families of so closely allied genera as Xanthomyias and Acrochordopus, or Camp- tostoma and Microtriccus, which apart from the divergency in the tarsal envelope are practically identical in structural features, does not seem to correctly express their natural relationship. Anatomical char- acters, known to exist between the various families of Mesomyodian Passeres, would help to decide the proper allocation of certain genera; but our knowledge of internal structure is limited to a few of the numerous forms and, until we acquire more information about the insertion of the vocal muscles and other anatomical details of the disputed genera, I am rather unwilling to modify the limitation of the family of Tyrannidae as understood by Sclater and Berlepsch. Classification within the family offers, likewise, a good many prob- lems, and it is not at all improbable that certain changes in the com- position of the subfamily groups admitted in the present volume may ultimately be found necessary when the anatomy of additional genera has been studied. In the meantime, I am closely following the classi- fication proposed in "Ornis," 14, p. 463-493, 1907, by the late Count Berlepsch, who had made a lifelong study of these difficult birds and whose arrangement, in my opinion, expresses natural affinities in a more satisfactory way than any other previous attempt. Segregation of genera has gone a little too far, I believe, and certain generic groups pass so gradually into each other that no hard line can be drawn. The Tyrant-flycatchers have been a favorite study of mine for the last twenty-five years. Most of the material in European Museums has passed through my hands, and hundreds of types have been critically examined. It is, therefore, hoped that the present monograph may be iii of some service to the student of this intricate family, although I am only too well aware of its many shortcomings due to the incomplete- ness of our knowledge and insufficiency of material in many instances. The manuscript of this part was practically completed on May i, 1926, and literature issued after that date has not been considered beyond the inclusion of new forms described therein. In addition to the gentlemen mentioned in the Preface to Part III, acknowledgments are due for the loan of specimens, information concerning material in the collections under their care, and other acts of courtesy to Mons. Jacques Berlioz of the Museum National d'His- toire Naturelle, Paris; Mr. Forske Cooper and Dr. Hans Gadow of the University Museum, Cambridge, England; Mr. August Hemprich of the Municipal Museum, Halberstadt; Mag. R. Hoerring and Mag. J. Lieberkind of the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen; Mr. N. B. Kinnear of the British Museum; Prof. Einar Lonnberg of the Royal Zoological Museum, Stockholm; Dr. R. Mertens of the Senckenbergian Natural History Museum, Frankfort; Mr. C. H. Rogers of Princeton University; Dr. Moriz Sassi of the Natural History Museum, Vienna; Dr. Witmer Stone of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia; and Dr. E. Stresemann of the Zoological Museum, Berlin. January i, 1927. C. E. HELLMAYR. IV CONTENTS Orders, Families and Genera included in Part V ORDER PASSERIFORMES SUBORDER MESOMYODI FAMILY TYRANNIDAE (Tyrant-flycatchers) Subfamily FLUVICOLINAE Agriornis Gould . i Xolmis Boie 10 Muscisaxicola Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny 20 Lessonia Swainson 33 Myiotheretes Reichenbach 37 Cnemarchus Ridgway 38 Neoxolmis Hellmayr 39 Ochthodiaeta Cabanis and Heine. ... 40 Ochthoeca Cabanis 42 Sayornis Bonaparte 54 Colonia Gray 60 Gubernetes Such 63 Alectrurus Vieillot 65 Yetapa Lesson 66 Knipolegus Boie 67 Phaeotriccus Ridgway 75 Entotriccus Wetmore and Peters 76 Lichenops Sundevall 77 Muscipipra Lesson 80 Fluvicola Swainson 81 Arundinicola D'Orbigny 85 Pyrocephalus Gould 86 Ochthornis Sclater 94 Muscigralla Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny 94 Tumbezia Chapman 95 Satrapa Strickland 96 Machetornis Gray 97 Subfamily TYRANNINAE Muscivora Lacepede 100 Tyrannus Lacepede 102 Empidonomus Cabanis and Heine. . . 112 Legatus Sclater 117 Sirystes Cabanis and Heine ...119 Myiodynastes Bonaparte 121 Megarynchus Thunberg 130 Conopias Cabanis and Heine 134 Coryphotriccus Ridgway 136 Myiozetetes Sclater 137 Tyrannopsis Ridgway 147 Pitangus Swainson 148 Tolmarchus Ridgway 156 Subfamily MYIARCHINAE Myiarchus Cabanis 158 Hylonax Ridgway 187 Eribates Ridgway 187 Nesotriccus Townsend 187 Deltarhynchus Ridgway 188 Nuttallornis Ridgway 188 Myiochanes Cabanis and Heine 190 Blacicus Cabanis 204 Empidonax Cabanis 206 Cnemotriccus Hellmayr 221 Mitrephanes Coues. 227 Terenotriccus Ridgway 230 Aphanotriccus Ridgway 233 Praedo Nelson 233 Myiobius Ridgway 234 Myiotriccus Ridgway 241 Pyrrhomyias Cabanis and Heine .... 243 Myiophobus Reichenbach 246 Hirundinea Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny 255 Onychorhynchus Fischer 258 Subfamily PLATYRINCHINAE Platyrinchus Desmarest 261 Cnipodectes Sclater and Salvin 271 Tolmomyias Hellmayr 273 Rhynchocyclus Cabanis and Heine. .287 Ramphotrigon Gray 292 Subfamily EUSCARTHMINAE Todirostrum Lesson 293 Spizitornis Oberholser ' 370 Uromyias Hettmayr 378 Stigmatura Sclater and Salvin 379 Serpophaga Gould 381 Inezia Cherri* 389 Xenopsaris Ridgway 391 Mecocerculus Sclater 392 Colorhamphus Sundevatt 400 Subfamily ELAENIINAE Ceratotriccus Cabanis 309 Oncostoma Sclater 310 Euscarthmornis Oberholser 311 Microcochlearius Chubb 322 Snethlagea Berlepsch 323 Poecilotriccus Berlepsch 325 Taeniotriccus Berlepsch and Hartert.^l Idioptilon Berlepsch 328 Lophotriccus Berlepsch 328 Colopteryx Ridgway 333 Atalotriccus Ridgway 335 Myiornis Bertoni 337 Elaenia Sundevatt 400 Perissotriccus Oberholser 338 Suiriri D'Orbigny 442 Pseudotriccus Taczanowski and Sublegatus Sclater and Salvin 445 Berlepsch 340 Phaeomyias Berlepsch 449 Caenotriccus Sclater 342 Camptostoma Sclater 453 Hemitriccus Cabanis and Heine 343 Xanthomyias Berlepsch 461 Pogonotriccus Cabanis and Heine. . .345 Phyllomyias Cabanis and Heine 463 Leptotriccus Cabanis and Heine. . . .349 Tyranniscus Cabanis and Heine 467 Phylloscartes Cabanis and Heine 350 Oreotriccus Richmond 477 Capsiempis Cabanis and Heine . 354 Tyrannulus Vieillot 477 Euscarthmus Wied 357 Acrochordopus Berlepsch and Pseudocolopteryx Lillo 360 Hettmayr 480 Habrura Cabanis and Heine 364 Microtriccus Ridgway 482 Culicivora Swainson 367 Qmithion Hartlaub 483 Leptopogon Cabanis 484 Subfamily SERPOPHAGINAE Mionectes Cabanis 49 1 Tachuris Lafresnaye 367 Pipromorpha Cray 497 LIST OF NEW NAMES PROPOSED IN PART V Agriornis montana intermedia subsp. nov 5 Muscisaxicola rufivertex pallidiceps subsp. nov 21 Neoxolmis genus nov 39 Ochthoeca rufipectoralis centralis subsp. nov 49 Knipolegus lophotes nom. nov 67 Empidonomus aurantio-atro-cristatus minor subsp. nov 116 Myiarchus ferox australis subsp. nov *77 Myiochanes cinereus pallescens subsp. nov J94 Cnemotriccus nom. nov 221 Cnemotriccus poecilurus venezuelanus subsp. nov 226 Terenotriccus erythrurus brunneifrons subsp. nov 231 Myiobius atricaudus snethlagei subsp. nov 240 Tolmomyias genus nov 273 Todirostrum viridanum sp. nov 3°i Poecilotriccus ruficeps melanomystax subsp. nov 325 Uromyias genus nov 3?8 Elaenia albiceps chilensis subsp. nov 4*3 Phyllomyias brevirostris cearae subsp. nov 4^5 VI CATALOGUE OF BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS Continuation by Charles E. Hellmayr PART V ORDER PASSERIFORMES— Continued. Suborder MESOMYODI— Continued. FAMILY TYRANNIDAE. TYRANT-FLYCATCHERS. Subfamily FLUVICOLINAE. Genus AGRIORNIS Gould. Agriornis GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 6, pi. 12, 13, Jan. 1839 — type (present designation*) Agriornis micropterus GOULD. Tamnolanius LESSON, Rev. Zool., 2, p. 138, May 1839 — type by orig. desig. Tamnophilus lividus KITTLITZ. * Agriornis livida livida (Kittlitz). KITTLITZ'S GROUND-TYRANT. Tamnophilus lividus KITTLITZ, MeYn. Ac. Sci. St. Pdtersb., (sav. ^tr.), 2, p. 465, pi. i, 1835 — "auf den flachen Hohen um Valparaiso"; CHROSTOWSKI, Ann. Zool. Mus. Pol. Hist. Nat., i, p. 18, 1921 — type in Leningrad Museum. Tyrannus gutturalis EYDOUX and GERVAIS, Mag. Zool., 6, cl. 2, pi. 63, 1836 — Chile; idem, Voyage Favorite, 5 (2), p. 32, pi. n, 1829 — part, descr. of type, Chile. Pitangus chilensis LESSON in Bougainville, Journ. navig. Thetis, 2, p. 323, 1837 — Valparaiso. Agriornis marginalis (REICHENBACH MS.) BIBRA, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 5, p. 129, 1853 — coast range near Valparaiso. Agriornis gutturalis GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 56, 1839 — Valparaiso and as far north as Copiap6; FRASER, P. Z. S. Lond., nt p. in, 1843 — central provinces of Chile. •Gray's action (Cat. Gen. Subgen. Birds, p. 41, 1855) in selecting " Tyrannus" lividus KITTLITZ as genotype is invalid, since the genus, as originally proposed in January 1839, contained only A. micropterus and A. leucurus. The corresponding section of the letter press of the Zoology of the Beagle (pp. 33-56) was not published until July 1839. 2 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pepoaza livida D'ORBiGNY, Voyage Amer. me'rid., Ois., p. 351, 1839 — Valparaiso (spec, examined). Agriornis lividus CASSIN in Gilliss, U. S. Astron. Exp., 2, p. 183, 1855 — Chile ; GERMAIN, Proc. Boston Soc. N. H., 7, p. 311, 1861 — Santiago (breeding hab- its); PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 78, 1865 — Chile. Dasyeephala livida PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Arch. Naturg., 29, (i), p. 136, 1863 — Valdivia (in the Pampas), in the northern and central parts of Chile (on the mountain slopes); PHILIPPI, Ornis, 4, p. 159, 1888 — Atacama. Agriornis livida SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 325 — Chile; SALVTN, I.e., 1883; p. 423 — Talcahuano; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.f 14, p. 4, 1888 — Talca- huano, Valparaiso; LANE, Ibis, 1897, p. 28 — below the town of Arauco (spec, examined); SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., .Suppl., 4, p. 720, 1898 — part, Quiri- quina, near Concepcion; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 466, 1907 — Chile; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 145, 1920 — Nilahue, Curic<5; idem, I.e. 25, p. 182, 1923 — Cordillera de Aconcagua. Agriornis livida livida HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 328, 1925 — Valparaiso (range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 295, 1926 — Concon, Chile. Range: Chile, from Atacama south to Valdivias. 10: Chile (Ramadilla, Copiapd Valley, Atacama i; Romero, Co- quimbo 2; Quillota, Valparaiso i; Zeno, Santiago i; Villa Portales, Cautin 3; Rio Lolen, Lonquimai Valley, Cautin i; Temuco, Cautin i). *Agriornis livida fortis Berlepschb. CHUBUT VALLEY GROUND-TYRANT. Agriornis livida fortis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 352, 466, 1907 — Valle del Lago Blanco, Chubut (type examined); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 189, 1909 — same locality; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 319, 1923 — Bariloche, Lake Nahuel Huapi; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 328, 1925 — char., range. Agriornis livida (not of KITTLITZ) SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 720, 1898 — part, Punta Anegada, Tierra del Fuego (spec, examined); CRAWSHAY, Birds Tierra del Fuego p. 59, pi., 1907 — Useless Bay and San Sebastian; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 363, 1902 — Tierra del Fuego; idem, I.e., 18, p. 313, 1910 — Tierra del Fuego. Range: Western Patagonia, from Lake Nahuel Huapi down to Tierra del Fuego. 3 : Argentina (Puesto Burro, Chubut i) ; Chile (Rio Nireguao, Llan- quihue" 2). B There is apparently no difference in coloration between specimens from various parts of Chile, though those from the north (Coquimbo to Atacama) are smaller, while two from Valdivia approach A . I. fortis in size. The attenuation of the outer primaries is evidently a rare exception in this species, for I found it only in four out of thirty-three examples examined. b Agriornis livida fortis BERLEPSCH: Differs from A. I. livida merely by consider- ably larger size. Wing 138-149, once only 135; tail 116-126; bill 28-31. Material examined. — Punta Anegada, Tierra del Fuego i ; Valle del Lago Blanco, Chubut ii, Puesto Burro, Chubut i; Lake Nahuel Huapi 4; Rio Nireguao, Chile 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 3 *Agriornis micropteraa microptera Gould. ARGENTINE GROUND-TYRANT. Agriornis microptera GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 6, pi. 12, Jan. 1839; idem, I.e., Part n, p. 57, Nov. 1839 — Port Desire (type) and San Julian, Patagonia (spec, in British Museum examined). Agriornis striatus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 56, July 1839 — Santa Cruz, Patagonia (type in British Museum examined); BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 459, 1861 — Rio Cuarto; SALVIN, Ibis, 1880, p. 356 — Tucumdn; DOERING, Inf. of. Exp. Rio Negro, Zool., i, p. 141, 1881 — Rio Col- orado and Rio Negro; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, i o, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 150, 1918 — Mendoza. Agriornis gutturalis (not of EYDOUX and GERVAIS) BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Rio Quinto. Agriornis striata SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. in, 1888 — Argentina; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1 888, p. 464 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires (spec, in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 5, 1888 — Pilciao (Catamarca), Pampas, Tucuma'n, Santa Cruz, San Julian, Port Desire (spec, examined); OUSTALET, Miss. Sci. Cap Horn, 6, Zool., p. 650, 1891 — Santa Cruz; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 8, p. 182, 1902 — Tucumdn, Tafi; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 46, 1905 — same localities; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 11, p. 255, 1904 — Valle del Lerma, Salta; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 219, 1904 — Tapia; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 466, 1907 — Argentina; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 314, 1910 — range in Argentina; AMBROSETTI, El Hornero, i, p. 36, 1917 — Timote, Buenos Aires; DAGUERRE, I.e. 2, p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; GIACOMELLI, I.e. 3, p. 70, 1923 — La Rioja; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 643, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires. Agriornis andicola (not of D'ORBIGNY) LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 450 — Moreno, Agriornis striatus striatus HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 189, 1909 — Tucumdn (spec, examined). Agriornis striata striata PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 319, 1923 — Huanuluan, Gob. del Rio Negro (spec, examined); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 296, 1926 — General Roca (Rio Negro), Zapala (Neuquen), and Tunuyan (Mendoza); idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 446, 1926 — Cabeza de Vaca, Rio Negro. • A . microptera is specifically distinct from A . livida, representatives of both groups being found in parts of western Patagonia. It is much smaller in all propor- tions, of much paler coloration and lacks the strong cinnamomeous tinge on the abdomen, only the under tail-coverts being tinged with buff. Besides, the tip of the inner web of the two outer primaries is always incised in the adult males. The type of A . striatus (Santa Cruz) is an adult male in freshly molted plumage, while A . micropterus was based on a female in worn breeding garb and a full-grown fledgling. Birds from northwestern Argentina (Tucumdn, Santiago del Estero, Salta) agree with others from more southern localities. Material examined. — Argentina: Santa Cruz 2, Port Desire i, San Julian i; Lpmas de Zamora, Prov. Buenos Aires 2 ; Noetinger, Cordoba 4; Galvez, Santa F6 i ; Pilciao, Catamarca i ; Huanuluan, Rio Negro 7; Limay, Neuquen, i ; Icano, Rio Sal- ado, Santiago del Estero i; Tucumdn 6, Tapia i; Rosario-Frontera, Salta i, Cachi, Salta i. Uruguay: Piedra del Toro, Pando, Canelones i. 4 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Agriornis strita (sic) REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 34, 1916 — La Hullera, Men- doza. Range: Argentina, from Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman, Santiago del Es- tero, Cordoba, and Santa Fe" south to Santa Cruz, Patagonia8; Uruguay. 4: Argentina, (Noetinger, F. C. C. A., Cordoba 3); Uruguay (Piedra del Toro, Pando, Canelones i). Agriornis microptera andecola (D'0rbigny)b. ANDEAN GROUND-TYRANT. Pepoaza andecola D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me"rid., Ois., p. 351, 1839 — "sur les parties les plus elevens du plateau des Andes" = Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Agriornis andecola paznae MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 14, "1908," P- 34°» Jan- I9°9 — road from Pazfia to Urmiri, near Lake Poopo, Oruro, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); idem, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (10) i, p. 214, 1909 — same locality. Pepoaza gutturalis (not of EYDOUX and GERVAIS) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 64, 1837 — ''in Andibus, rep. Boliviana." Agriornis andecola SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 6, 1888 (ex D'ORBIGNY); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 464, 1907 — La Paz and Sajama (crit.). Agriornis striata andecola BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 464, 466, 1907 — Bolivia. Agriornis microptera andecola HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 329, 1925 — Bolivia (crit.). Range: Temperate Zone of the Andes of Bolivia, in depts. La Paz and Oruro (Sajama, Pazna). Agriornis montana solitaria Sclater0. SOLITARY GROUND-TYRANT. Agriornis solitaria SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 553, 1858 — Titiacun, Ecuador (type in British Museum examined); idem, I.e., 28, p. 78, 1860 — Quito (nest and eggs descr.); idem, I.e., p. 92, 1860 — Puellaro; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 7, pi. 3, 1888 — Titiacun, Puellaro, Quito, Sical, and Pasto; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Cayambe (spec, examined); SALVADORI and * Its breeding range is probably restricted to Patagonia, north to Rio Negro (Huanuluan) and Neuquen, whereas in the northern parts of Argentina it occurs only during winter time. b Agriornis microptera andecola (D'ORBIGNY): Similar to A. m. microptera, but throat with much fewer, narrower, dusky brown (instead of blackish) streaks, and bill as a rule slenderer. Wing 116-123; tail loo-no; bill 25-26^. The type of A. a. paznae, a bird in fresh plumage, agrees with others from La Paz in similar condition, while D'Orbigny's original is rather worn and soiled. Material examined. — Bolivia (unspecified) the type i, La Paz 2, Sajama i, road Pazna-Urmiri i. c Agriornis montana solitaria SCLATER: Closely allied to A. m. insolens, but upper parts somewhat darker; breast much darker smoky or sooty brown. Wing (male) 132-138; tail 99-107; bill 24^-26. Seventeen specimens, including the type, from Ecuador and one from Colombia (Pasto) examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 5 FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 2, 1899 — Laguna de Kingora (Sigsig), Quito, Nanegal, Lloa; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 700 — Quito (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 466, 467, 1907 (crit.); MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"og. Mes. Arc Me'rid. Equat., 9, p. 845, 1911 — Aloag, near Quito; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 71, 1922 — Quito and Zambiza. Range: Temperate Zone of Ecuador and adjacent section of Col- ombia (Pasto). *Agriornis montana insolens Sclater and Salvin. WHITELY'S GROUND- TYRANT. Agriornis insolens SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 153 — Tinta, Dept. Cuzco, Peru (type in British Museum examined); SCLATER, I.e., 1873, p. 780 — Paucartambo; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 186, 1884 — Tinta; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 7, pi. 2, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, Tinta, Paucartambo; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 10, 1895 — part, Huamachuco, Caja- bamba, and Cajamarca (male only) (spec, examined) ; BERLEPSCH and STOLZ- MANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 354 — Ingapirca, Tarma, Maraynioc (spec, examined). Agriornis maritima (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 531 — Huanta and Junin (nest and eggs descr.). Agriornis solitaria (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 183, 1884 — Junin, Huanta, Cutervo, Puno. Agriornis solitaria insolens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 466, 467, 1907 — part, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 86, 1921 — above Ollantaytambo, Tica-tica, and La Raya, southern Peru. Range: Temperate Zone of Peru, from depts. Piura (Huancabamba), Cajamarca, and Amazonas south to Cuzco (Raya Pass ; head of Mar- capata Valley) ». 1 1 : Peru (Chachapoyas i ; Cajamarca 3 ; Macate, Dept. Ancachs 2 ; Huanuco Viejo 3; Hudnuco Mts. i; Junin i). *Agriornis montana intermedia subsp. nov.b INTERMEDIATE GROUND- TYRANT. a In A . m. insolens, the four outer pairs of rectrices are white, mostly wholly so, though there is sometimes on the fourth, and very rarely on the third, a narrow dusky margin along the inner web. Material examined. — Head of Marcapata Valley 2, Paucartambo 2, Tinta 4, Lauramarca, Cuzco 3, Junin 2, Huanuco 4, Macate 2, Cajamarca 6, Huamachuco i, Cajabamba i, Chachapoyas i. b Agriornis montana intermedia subsp. nov. Type from Putre, alt. 11,600 ft. Prov. Tacna, Chile in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 57427. Adult male. July 7, 1924. C. C. Sanborn. Adult. — Similar to A. montana maritima, but lateral rectrices with much less black at the base, the two outermost pairs sometimes even wholly white; similar also to A. montana insolens, but black tail markings more extensive and, with few 6 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Agriornis insolens (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1869) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 610 — Sorata, Bolivia (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 7, 1888 — part, spec. £, Sorata. Agriornis maritima (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) ALLEN, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 3, p. 354, 1876 — Titicaca Id., Bolivia (spec, examined). Agriornis solitaria insolens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 466, 467, 1907 — part, La Paz and Sajama, Bolivia (spec, examined). Range: Andes of western Bolivia, in depts. La Paz (Sorata, La Paz, Mauri, Chicani, Chililaya) and Oruro (Sajama, Esperanza), and extreme north of Chile (Prov. Tacna). 4: Chile (Putre, Tacna 4). * Agriornis montana maritima (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny)*. D'OR- BIGNY'S GROUND-TYRANT. Pepoaza maritima LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 65, 1837 — Cobija, " Bolivia" = Prov. Antofagasta, Chile (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 353, 1839 — Cobija. Tyrannus gutturalis EYDOUX and GERVAIS (not of 1836), Voyage Favorite, 5, (2), p. 33, 1839 — part, spec, from Coquimbo. Agriornis maritimus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 57, 1839 — part, Copiap6. Agriornis maritima SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 609 — Cobija and desert of Atacama; SHARPE, I.e., 1881, p. 8 — Coquimbo (spec, examined) ; exceptions, also more or less pronounced or at least suggested on the two outer pairs of rectrices. Wing (male) 133-136, (female) 124-130; tail 98-105, (female) 96-103; bill 23-27. Remarks. — This is a connecting link between A. m. maritima and A. m. montana, with bicolored lateral rectrices, and the Peruvian A . m. insolens, white outer half of tail. The range of variation completely bridges the apparent wide gap separating the two groups. While most of the specimens from western Bolivia and Tacna have much less black in the tail than the southern races, the markings being narrower as well as less regular, examples with the largest amount of black are hardly distinguishable from maritima, and those with the least amount are very nearly as white-tailed as insolens. Birds from Tacna are decidedly grayish above, resem- bling maritima, whereas those from Bolivia, by the more brownish tinge of the upper parts, closely approach montana. Material examined. — Chile: Putre, Tacna 4. Bolivia, Oruro: Sajama i, Esper- anza i; Lake Titicaca i; Chililaya i, La Paz 3, Mauri, Cordillera of La Paz 3, Chi- cani i, Sorata i. '•Agriornis montana maritima (LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY), although nearly allied to, and not separated from, A. m. montana in my review of D'Orbigny's types, seems, after all, distinguishable by much less brownish upper parts, more grayish (less brownish buff) breast, and more conspicuous, blackish rather than brownish streaking on the throat. Tail markings exactly as in A . m. montana. Specimens from Atacama are precisely similar to the type with which they were directly compared. A single example from Sacaya (Tarapaca) belongs likewise to this form. Material examined. — Sacaya, Tarapaca i, Cobija, Antofagasta 2, Atacama 4, Coquimbo i, Banos del Toro 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 7 SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 6, 1888 — part, spec, e, Coquimbo; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1891, p. 134 — Sacaya, Tarapaca (spec, examined); LANE, Ibis, 1897, p. 29 — about Sacaya; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 464, 467, 1907 — part, Chile. Dasycephala maritima PHILIPPI, Ornis, 4, p. 159, 1888 — Antofagasta. Agriornis montana montana (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 330, 1925 — part, Cobija. Range : Northern Chile, from Tarapaca (Sacaya) south to the Prov- ince of Coquimbo (Coquimbo, Banos del Toro). 7: Chile (San Pedro, Antofagasta i; Caldera, Atacama i, Dom- eyko, Atacama 3; Banos del Toro, Coquimbo 2). * Agriornis montana montana (Lafresnaye and UOrbigny). MOUNTAIN GROUND-TYRANT. Pepoaza montana LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., r, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 64, 1837 — Chuquisaca, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined; =juv.); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 352, 1839 — part, Palca (Chuquisaca)8. Agriornis montana SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 6, 1888 (ex D'ORBIGNY). Agriornis maritima (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nat. B. Aires, 8, p. 182, 1902 — Cerro de Malamala, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 46, 1905 — same locality; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 219, 1904 — Lara (spec, examined); BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Santa Catalina, Jujuy; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 464, 467, 1907 — part, Chuquisaca and Argentina; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 314, 1910 — part, Tucuman and Jujuy. Agriornis maritima maritima HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 189, 1909 — Tilcara (Jujuy), Lara and Las Cienagas, Tucuman (spec, examined). Agriornis montana montana HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 330, 1925 — part, Chu- quisaca, Vacas, Jujuy, Tucuman. Range: Eastern Bolivia (in depts. Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, and Chuquisaca) and northwestern Argentina (in prov. Jujuy and Tucuman)b. 2: Argentina (Cerro Mufioz, Tucuman 2). *Agriornis montana leucura Gould0. PATAGONIAN GROUND-TYRANT. Agriornis leucurus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 6, pi. 13, Jan. 1839 (type from Port Desire, Patagonia in British Museum examined) ; BRIDGES, P. Z. S. Lond., 9, p. 94, 1841 — Chile, near the summit of the Andes, between 34° and 35° s. lat.; BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Challao, Sierra • The localities La Paz and Sicasica, not represented by specimens in D'Orbigny's collection refer, of course, to A . m. intermedia. b Birds from Argentina are identical with the Bolivian ones. Material examined. — Bolivia: Vacas (Cochabamba) i, Santa Cruz i, Chuqui- saca 4. Argentina: Maimara, Jujuy 2, Tilcara, Jujuy i, Lara, Tucuman 3, Las Cienagas i, Cerro Munoz 4. 0 Agriornis montana leucura GOULD: Easily distinguished from A. m. montana by its very much darker, browner (between "drab" and "hair brown") under parts, 8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. de Mendoza (spec, in Halle Museum examined); idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 459, 1861 — Sierra de Uspallata, Mendoza; SCOTT, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 10, p. LXIV, 1900 — Port Desire (diag.). Agriornis poliosoma SCOTT, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, p. LV, 1900 — Arroyo Gio = Arroyo Else, Patagonia (type in Princeton University Museum examined). Agriornis fulvicrissalis REICHENOW, Journ. Orn., 63, p. 303, 1915 — "Paraguay" = Prov. Buenos Aires" (type in Berlin Museum examined). Agriornis maritimus (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 57, Nov. 1839 — part, coa:=t of Patagonia and eastern side of the Cordillera of central Chile; FRASER, P. Z. S. Lond., u, p. in, 1843 — elevated valleys of the Andes of Chile on the east and west side; PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 78, 1865 — Chile; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1878, P- 394 — Tombo Point, Chubut (spec, examined). Dasycephala maritime. PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Arch. Naturg., 29, (i), p. 137, 1863 — Cordillera of Santiago. Agriornis maritima SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 325 — Andes of Chile; BAR- ROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 137, 1883 — Sierra de la Ventana, Prov. Buenos Aires (spec, examined); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 112, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 6, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, f-k, Chile, Argentine Pampas, Tombo Point, Port Desire (spec, examined); BURMEISTER, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 3, p. 316, 1890 — Rio Chico del Chu- but; GOSSE in Fitzgerald, The Highest Andes, p. 347, 1899 — Aconcagua Valley, Lujan, Puente del Inca, Mendoza (spec, examined) ; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 315, 1910 — part, Patagonia, Sierra de Uspallata, Cord, de Mendoza, Sierra dela Ventana; SANZIN, El Hornero, I, p. 150, 1918 — Mendoza; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 25, p. 183, 1924 — Cordillera of Aconcagua; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 643, 1924 — Sierra de la Ventana. Agriornis maritima leucurus STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cor- doba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Sierra of Cordoba. Agriornis leucura SALVADORI, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva, 40, p. 616, 1900 — Santa Cruz (crit., diag.); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 315, 1910 — Patagonia. Agriornis montana leucura PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 319, 1923 — Huanuluan and Escorial, Gob. del Rio Negro (spec, examined). sometimes with a slaty cast; deeper buff anal region, under tail- and under wing- coverts; darker sides of head and neck; more sooty, less brownish upper parts* Wing (adult male) 130-135; tail 101-108; bill 25^-28. Birds from Patagonia (types of A. leucurus and A. poliosoma), Rio Negro (Huanu- luan), Mendoza (Puente del Inca), and Buenos Aires (Sierra Ventana) agree very well together. A small ^series from central Chile does not appear to be separable either, although some specimens are not quite so dark below as the average from Argentina. Material examined. — Argentina: Port Desire 2, Santa Cruz i, Arroyo Else i, Tombo Point i, Huanuluan, Rio Negro 2, Pampas Argentines i, Puente del Inca, Mendoza 4, Challao, Mendoza i, Sierra Ventana, Buenos Aires i, "Paraguay" i. Chile: Sewell, O'Higgins 2, central Chile 2, unspecified 3. • The locality " Paraguay" is most certainly erroneous. The type, purchased from a dealer, shows the same preparation as a number of skins labeled Prov. Buenos Aires" which the late Count Berlepsch obtained from the same source. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 9 Agriornis maritima maritima REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 34, 1916 — Precor- dillera of Mendoza. Agriornis montana (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 297, 1926 — above Potrerillos and El Salto, Mendoza; idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 446, 1926 — Cerro Aspero (Rio Negro) and Lago del Condor, Cholila (Chubut). Range: Southern Argentina, from Santa Cruz north to Mendoza, Cordoba, and Buenos Aires (Sierra de la Ventana), and Andes of central Chile, from Colchagua to Aconcagua. 2: Chile (Sewell, O'Higgins 2). *Agriornis albicauda (Philippi and Landbeck)*. WHITE-TAILED GROUND- TYRANT. Dasycephala albicauda PHILIPPI and LANDBECK", Arch. Naturg., 29 (i), p. 132, 1 863 — one of the valleys of the Cordilleras of Peru = Prov. Tacna, Chile. Agriornis andicola (not Pepoaza andecola D'ORBIGNY 1839) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 78, 1860 — Panza, Chimborazo, Ecuador (type in British Museum examined); idem, I.e., p. 92, 1860 — Calacali, north of Quito. Agriornis pollens SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 153 — new name for A. andi- cola preoccupied; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1874, p. 677 — Ccachupata (spec, in Berlepsch Collection examined) ; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 185, 1884 — Ccachupata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 7, pi. i, 1888 — Chim- borazo, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. p. 465, 466, 1907 — Ccachu- pata, Lucre (near Cuzco), Huamachuco, Cajamarca, Tulpo, Peru, and Iquico, Bolivia; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., I, p. 24, 1909 — Cerro Muiioz, Tucumdn; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 314, 1910 — Cerro Munoz; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 86, 1921 — La Raya, Peru; LONN- BERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 71, 1922 — liana, near Taguar- cocha, Ecuador. Agriornis insolens SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 10, 1895 — part, female from Caja- marca (spec, examined). Range: Temperate Zone of Ecuador, Peru, western Bolivia (Iquico, Illimani), northern Chile (Prov. Tacna), and (?) northwestern Argentina (Cerro Munoz, Prov. Tucumdn). 4: Peru (Cajamarca i; Mountains near Otuzco i; La Quinua i); Chile (Putre, Tacna i). » Agriornis albicauda (PHILIPPI and LANDBECK), while superficially resembling A . montana insolens in general aspect and white lateral rectrices, differs, nevertheless, very conspicuously by larger size, particularly longer tail, heavier bill with pale lower mandible, and much wider, blackish instead of brown streaks on throat. Wing (male) 140-150, (female) 125-135; tail 120-128, (female) 105-118; bill 26-29. The type of A. pollens agrees with Peruvian specimens, but is slightly larger, while a single male from Putre (Tacna) is smaller (wing 135; tail no) and more grayish both above and below. Material examined. — Ecuador, Panza i. Peru: Tulpo 2, Huamachuco i, Cajamarca 2, mountains near Otuzco i, La Quinua i, Ccachupata i, Lucre (Cuzco) i. Bolivia: Iquico (Illimani) i. Chile: Putre, Tacna i. b Mr. K. P. Schmidt who on his recent visit very kindly compared the type in the National Museum at Santiago found it to agree with our specimen from Putre. io FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Genus XOLMIS Boie. Xolmis BOIE, Isis, 1826, i, p. 973 — proposed for Azara's "Pepoazas," type by tautonomy "Pepoaza" Azara, No. 201 =* Tyrannus cincreus VIEILLOT". Nengetus SWAINSON, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 166, 1827 — type by orig. desig. "Tyran~ nus Nengeta Sw. Monog."b = Tyrannus cinereus VIEILLOT. Taenioptera BONAPARTE", Ann. Stor. Nat. Bologna, 4, p. 194, Nov. 1830 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa taenioptera BONAPARTE = Tyrannus cinereus VIEIL- LOT. Pepoaza LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 61, 1837 — type by tautonomy "Le Pepoaza proprement dit" of Azara = Muscicapa polyglotta LICHTENSTEIN = Tyrannus cinereus VIEILLOT. Hemipenthica CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 43, 1859 — type by mono- typy Tyrannus irupero VIEILLOT. Pyrope CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 45, 1859 — type Muscicapa pyrope KITTLITZ. *Xolmis cinerea ( Vieillot}. GRAY PEPOAZA. Tyrannus cinereus VIEILLOT, Analyse nouv. Ornith. ele"m., p. 68, 1816 — 'TAme'- rique me"ridionale." Tyrannus pepoaza ViEiLLOTd, Tabl. enc. m6th., Orn., 2, livr. 93, p. 855, 1823 — based on Azara, No. 201, Paraguay. Muscicapa polyglotta LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 54, 1823 — Sao Paulo; SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 18, pi. 24, 1825 — Sao Paulo; WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3, (2), p. 862, 1831 — Ressaque, near Vareda, Minas Geraes. Muscicapa taenioptera BONAPARTE, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, p. 380, 1825 — South America. Tyrannus albicottis (not Tyrannus albicollis VIEILLOT 1819) LESSON, Traite1 d'Orn., p. 383, 1831 — no locality given (type from Minas Geraes in Paris Museum examined); PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 370, 1855 — Brazil (crit.). Taenioptera cinerea obscura CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., I, p. 341, 1916 — Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia. Tyrannus nengeta (not Lanius nengeta LINNAEUS") SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 279, 1826 — Brazil (descr.). •The same species, M. polyglotta "Spix" was designated as genotype by Gray (1840, p. 29). b = Tyrannus nengeta SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, p. 279, 1826. c Although universally quoted from 1825, this name does not occur in Bonaparte's paper in Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, p. 370-387, and was obviously not proposed in a generic sense until 1830. I am under great obligations to Dr. C. W. Richmond for his assistance in tracing Taenioptera to its earliest source. d In Nouv. Diet. Nat. Hist. Nat., nouv. &i., 35, p. 91, 1819, Vieillot used only the French vernacular name. 8 Lanius nengeta LINNAEUS (Syst. Nat., i2th ed., I, p. 135, 1766) appears to me unidentifiable. It was based on Marcgrave's "Guiraru Nheengeta" and Edwards's pi. 318. The former is described as having white upper tail-coverts, which is cer- 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. n Pepoaza polyglotta LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 62, 1837 — Corrientes, and Chiquitos, Bolivia (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am^r. me"rid., Ois., p. 346, 1839 — same localities. Xolmis nengeta GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 54, 1839 — Maldonado, Uruguay. Taenioptera nengeta BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 516, 1856 — Brazil (habits); idem, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Parand; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 459, 1861 — Montevideo, Buenos Aires, Parana; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 97, 1868 — Taubate", Mattodentro, Ypanema, and Postinho, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 359 — Rio de Janeiro to Lagoa Santa, Barbacena, and Paracatti, Minas Geraes; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Ri° Guayquiraro, Corrientes; ALLEN, Bull. Essex Inst., 8, p. 79, 1876 — near Anjos, Maraj6; DALGLEISH, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edinb., 6, p. 243, pi. 7, fig. i (egg), 1881 — Est. de la Tala, Uruguay; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 603 — San Javier, Misiones; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 137, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 127, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lambare1, Paraguay; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 114, 1888 (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. n, 1888 — Rio, Maldonado, Bolivia; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 464 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 269, 1890 — Santarem; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 331, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 129 — near Fortin Donovan, Rio Pilcomayo; APLIN, I.e., 1894, p. 175, pi. 5, fig. 3, 4 (eggs) — Arroyo Grande, Santa Elena, Santa Ana, Rio Negro, Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 9, 1895 — Villa Rica and Paraguari, Paraguay; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. n, 1897 — Caiza, Bolivia; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 177, 1899 — Sao Paulo; idem, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 124, 1899 — Mundo Novo, Pedras Brancas; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Villa Concepcion, near Caraya Vuelta, and Paraguayan Chaco; LELLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 182, 1902 — Rio Sali, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 46, 1905 — Rio Sali; MIRANDA, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 13, p. 184, 1906 — Retiro do Ramos, Itatiaya; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 256, 1907 — Ypiranga, Batataes, Sao Jos6 do Rio Pardo, Caconde, Iguap£, and Itarar6, Sao Paulo; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 70, 1910 — Chapada da Varzea Grande, Sao Antonio de Gilboez, and littoral of Piauhy (spec, examined); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 571 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. no — Los Ynglases (Aj6) and Riacho Ancho (Chaco); CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 479, 497, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parana; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 398 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires. Taenioptera cinerea BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 467, 1907 (crit.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 40, 1908 — Goyaz, Fazenda Esperanca, and Rio Thesouras, Goyaz; HARTERT and VENTURI, I.e., 16, p. 189, 1909 — La Soledad (Entrerios), tainly not the case in X. cinerea, while the plate in the "Gleanings of Natural His- tory," from which Linnaeus's diagnosis seems to have been taken, looks more like one of the Brazilian Mockingbirds. 12 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mocovi and San Lorenzo (Santa F6); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 315, 1910 — Tucuman, Chaco, Entrerios; idem, I.e., 23, p. 324, 1912 — Villa Rica and Itape-mini, Paraguay; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 523, 1913 — Iriri and Maraj6; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 377, 1914 — Rio Iriri (Bocca do Curua) and Cachoeira, Maraj6; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Alto Parand; AMBROSETTI, El Hornero, i, p. 37, 1917 — Mor6n, Prov. Buenos Aires; MARELLI, I.e., p. 78, 1918 — Curuzii Cuatid, Corrientes; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Canelones, Minas, Florida, Treinta y Tres, Cerro Largo, Uruguay; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, Prov. Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 644, 1924 — Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 324, 1925 — Corrientes and Chiquitos (crit., range). Taenioptera cinerea cinerea WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 298, 1926 — Las Palmas (Chaco), Riacho Pilaga (Formosa), and San Vicente, Uruguay. Range: Campos of Brazil, from Maraj6 and the Iriri (an affuent of the Xingti) south to Mattogrosso and Rio Grande do Sul; Uruguay; Paraguay ; eastern Bolivia ; Argentina, from Tucuman down to Santa F6, Corrientes, Entrerios, and Buenos Airesa. 16: Brazil (Codo, Maranhao 2; Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia 4; Chapada, Matto Grosso 3); Argentina (Ocampo, Prov. Santa F6 i; Puerto Segundo, Misiones i); Uruguay (near San Vicente 2, Arroyo Garzon i, Quebrada de los Cuervos 2). *Xolmis velata (Lichtenstein] . VEILED PEPOAZA. Muscicapa velata LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 54, 1823 — Sao Paulo; SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 17, pi. 22, 1825 — Sao Paulo; WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 859, 1831 — boundary line of Minas Geraes and Bahia. Pepoaza velata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av, i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 62, 1837 — Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am&r. merid., Ois., p. 347, 1839 — Santa Cruz. Taenioptera velata BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 516, 1856 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 577 — Mexiana; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 97, 1868 — ''Rio Janeiro," Irisanga, B Birds from the interior of Bahia and adjacent states (obscura CORY) are identical, in size and coloration, with others from Sao Paulo and Rio (which we may regard as representing typical cinerea), and five skins from Argentina (Corrientes, Entrerios, Santa F<§). Three from Paraguay dp not appear to be different either. A small series from Matto Grosso and Bolivia (Chiquitos) average slightly paler, but the variation is insignificant. Two adult females (in worn plumage) from Espirito Santo, Maraj6 are somewhat smaller (wing 125-126 against 130-137), though two from Maranhao are hardly larger (wing 127, 129). Material examined. — Brazil: Espirito Santo, Maraj6 2; Cod6, Maranhao 2, Miritiba, Maranhao i ; Piauhy 4; Porto Real, Rio i ; Ypanema, Sao Paulo 4, Matto- dentro i, Postinho i, Taubat6 3; Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes i; Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia 4; Chapada, Matto Grosso 3; Rio Grande do Sul 5. Paraguay: Concepcion i, Bernalcu£, near Asunci6n 2. Bolivia: Chiquitos 2. Argentina: Corrientes i, Entrerios 2, Ocampo, Santa F6 2, Misiones i. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 13 Cubatao, Rio das Pedras, Nas Lages, and Rio Parana (Sao Paulo), Cuyabd and Cidade de Matto Grosso, Matto Grosso; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 360 — Minas Geraes; ALLEN, Bull. Essex Inst., 8, p. 79, 1876 — Anjos, Maraj6; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 12, 1888 — Brazil and Bolivia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — "Lake Titicaca" (error); idem, I.e., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Cachoeira and Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 178, 1899 — Sao Paulo; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 648, 1906 — • Brazil; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 257, 1907 — Capivari, Bauru, Campos do Jordao, Batataes, Victoria do Botucatii, Franca, and Barretos (Sao Paulo), Porto da Faya (Matto Grosso); HAGMANN, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 26, p. 29, 1909 — Mexiana; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Fazenda do S5o Antonio, Lagoa Bocca da Catinga de Cima and Santa Rita, Rio Preto (Bahia), Chapada da Varzea Grande, Piauhy; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 129, 1912 — Cachoeira, Maraj6; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 523, 1913 — north bank of lower Amazon; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 377, 1914 — Maraj6 (Rio Arary, S. Natal, Pindobal), Mexiana, Erere", and Rio Maecurti; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 325, 1925 — Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Range: Brazil, from Maraj6, Mexiana, and the north bank of the lower Amazon (Erere*, Rio Maecuru) south to Minas Geraes, Sao Paulo, and Matto Grosso, and eastern Bolivia (Dept. Santa Cruz)a. 13: Brazil (Cod6, Cocos, Maranhao 2; Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia 2; Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes 2; Piraputanga, Matto Grosso 2); Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 5). *Xolmis dominicana ( Vieillof). DOMINICAN PEPOAZA. Tyrannus dominicanus VIEILLOT, Tabl. enc. me'th., Orn., 2, livr. 93, p. 856, 1823 — based on Azara, No. 203, Paraguay, north of 27° latitude. Tyrannus albogriseus LESSON, Traite" d'Orn., p. 383, 1831 — the type examined in the Paris Museum was obtained by A. de Saint-Hilaire at Boavista, State of Parana, Brazil ; = 9 ; PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 370, 1855 — Brazil (crit.). Fluvicola azarae GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 53, p. 10, July 1839 — banks of the Plata (descr. of). Muscicapa picata (CuviER MS.) PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 333, 1855 — Montevideo (type in Paris Museum examined ; = a"). Pepoaza dominicana LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn, Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 62, 1837 — Buenos Aires, Montevideo, Maldonado; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me'rid., Ois., p. 347, 1839 — same localities, Corrientes (spec, examined). Taenioptera dominicana BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Parana; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 460, 1861 — Banda Oriental and Corrientes, "Material examined. — Brazil: Maraj6 5, Maranhao 2, Rio Preto, Bahia 5, Minas Geraes 6, Sao Paulo 5, Matto Grosso 2. Bolivia: Santa Cruz 3, Buena- vista 5. 14 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. less common near Parana; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 97, 1868 — Porto do Rio Jaguaraiba, Faz. do Joaquim Carneiro [ = Boa vista), Murungaba, and Curytiba, Parana (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 632 — Conchitas (note on sexual difference); HUDSON, I.e., 1870, p. 546 — La Plata; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 176 — Buenos Aires; DOERING in Roca, Inf. of. Exp. Rio Negro, Zool., i, p. 42, 1881 — Sierras de Azul and Currumalan, Prov. Buenos Aires; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 38 — La Plata, Buenos Aires; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 139, 1883 — Sierras of Prov. Buenos Aires; GIBSON, Ibis, 1885, p. 279 — Paysandu, Uruguay; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 128, 1885 — Ta- quara, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 117, 1888 (habits); WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 464 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1891, p. 16; 1892, p. 199 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; KERR, I.e., 1892, p. 129 — Fortin Page, Rio Pilcomayo; APLIN, I.e., 1894, P- 17& — Uruguay; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 124, 1899 — Mundo Novo; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Paraguayan Chaco; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 190, 1909 — Barracas al Sud, Buenos Aires; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 18, p. 316, 1910 (range in Argen- tina); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. no — Luiconia, Aj6; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Asuncion ;HussEY, Auk, 33, p. 392, 1916 — La Plata; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, P- 398 — Cape San Antonio, Prov. Buenos Aires; TREMOLERAS, El Hornero, 2, p. 20, 1920 — Canelones, Minas, Cerro Largo, Uruguay; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 644, 1924 — Lomas de Zamora and Curruma- lan, Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 325, 1925 — Buenos Aires and Corrientes. Range: Extreme southern Brazil (in states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul) ; Uruguay; Paraguay; eastern Argentina, from the Chaco through Santa Fe and Corrientes to southern Buenos Airesa. i: Uruguay (north of San Vicente de Castillos i). *Xolmis coronata ( Vieillot}. BLACK-CROWNED PEPOAZA. Tyrannus coronatus VIEILLOT, Tabl. enc. me"th., Orn., 2, livr. 93, p. 855, 1823 — based on Azara, No. 202, Paraguay and La Plata River. Muscicapa vittigera LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 54, Sept. 1823 — based on Azara, No. 202, Paraguay. Pepoaza coronata D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me"rid., Ois., p. 350, 1839 — Buenos Aires. Xolmis coronata DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 54, 1839 — near Santa Fe", on the Parand. Taenioptera coronata BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Montevideo and Parana; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 459, 1861 — same localities; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 141 — Conchitas; HUDSON, I.e., 1870, p. 546 — two hundred miles west of Buenos Aires; SCLATER, I.e., 1872, p. 548 — Rio Negro; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 176 — Baradero, Buenos Aires; DOERING •Material examined. — Brazil: Parana 7, Rio Grande do Sul i. Argentina: Buenos Aires i. Uruguay: Montevideo i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 15 in Roca, Inf. of. Exp. Rio Negro, Zool., i, p. 42, 1881 — north of the Rio Colorado; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 603 — Floras, Buenos Aires; BAR- ROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 138, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 115, 1888 (habits); BURMEISTER, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 3, p. 68, 1888 — Bahia Blanca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 12, 1888 — Parana, Cosquin, Conchitas, Mendoza; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 464 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1890, p. 425; 1891, p. 16, 17; 1892, p. 199 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; Kos- LOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 279, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; idem, I.e., p. 290 — Catamarca; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — Tucuman; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 219, 1904 — Tapia, Tucuman; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Oran, Salta; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 46, 1905 — Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 189, 1909 — San Vicente (Santa F£) and Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 316, 1910 (range in Argentina); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Paraguay; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 34, 1916 — La Paz, Men- doza; AMBROSETTI, El Hornero, i, p. 37, 1917 — Mor6n, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, I.e., p. 78, 1918 — Curuzii Cuatia, Corrientes; SANZIN, I.e., p. 150, 1918 — Alto Verde, Mendoza; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Canelones, Florida, Rio Negro, Uruguay; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1922 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 70, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya and Conhello, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 644, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 328, 1925 — Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., I33> P- 299, 1926 — Victorica, Pampa. Range : Eastern Bolivia (Santa Cruz de fa Sierra) ; northern Argen- tina, from Salta and Tucuman south to Mendoza and the Rio Negro, east to Entrerios and Corrientes; Paraguay; Uruguay8. 8: Argentina (Yacuiba, Salta i; Noetinger, F. C. C. A., Cordoba 4; Concepcion, Tucuman 3). *Xolmis irupero irupero ( V-ieillot). WIDOW PEPOAZA. Tyrannus irupero VIELLOT, Tabl. enc. m£th., Orn., 2, livr. 93, p. 856, 1823 — based on Azara, No. 204, Paraguay. Muscicapa moesta LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 54, 1823 — Montevideo. Pepoaza irupero LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 62, 1837 — Chiquitos and Corrientes (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. m6rid., Ois., p. 348, 1839 — La Plata, Chiquitos. Fluvicola irupero DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 53, 1839 — Banda Oriental and Santa F6. • Material examined. — Bolivia: Santa Cruz de la Sierra i ( 9 ad., July 20, 1909. J. Steinbach, Coll. Carnegie Museum). Argentina: Buenos Aires i; Noetinger, Prov. Cordoba 4; Corral, Prov. Santiago del Estero i; Tafi Viejo, Tucuman 2; Concepcion, Tucuman 3; Yacuiba, Salta i. 1 6 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Taenioptera moesta BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 517, 1856 — "in St. Paulo and St. Catharina bis nach Montevideo"; idem, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Argentina; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 460 — Argentina (egg descr.); DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro,* Corrientes. Taenioptera irupero SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond,.i868, p. 141 — Conchitas; HUDSON, I.e., 1870, p. 546 — Buenos Aires; DOERING in Roca, Inf. of. Exp. Rio Negro, Zool., i, p. 42, 1881 — north of the Rio Colorado; DALGLEISH, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., 6, p. 244, pi. 7, fig. 2 (egg), 1881 — Est. de la Tala, Uruguay; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 603 — Fuerte de Andalgala (Catamarca), Concepcion (Misiones); BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 139, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lambare1, Paraguay; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 118, 1888 — Argentina (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 13, 1888 — La Plata, Cosquin (Cordoba), Catamarca, Paysandti, Bolivia; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora, Prov. Buenos Aires; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — "Valparaiso" (!); STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 129 — Lower Pilcomayo; APLIN, Ibis, 1894, P- *?6 — Santa Elena, Uruguay; HOLLAND, I.e., 1895, p. 215 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 279, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 9, 1895 — Puerto Pagani, Paraguay; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. ii, 1897 — San Francisco, Bolivia; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — north bank of Paraguay River opposite Villa Concepcion; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — Tucuman; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 469 — Tatarenda and Pilcomayo, Bolivian Chaco; BAER, Ornis, 12 p. 219, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Lerma, Salta; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 46, 1905 — Tucuman; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 257, 1907 — Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 190, 1909 — Paraguay, Entrerios (La Soledad), Tucuman (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 316, 1910 (range in Argentina); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 572 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. in — Tayni and Villa Franca (Paraguay), Colonia Mihanovitch (Terr. Formosa) ; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Paraguay; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 34, 1916 — Lavalle, Mendoza; MARELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 78, 1918 — Curuzii Cuatia, Corrientes; DABBENE, I.e., p. 236, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; TREMOLERAS, l.c., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Canelones, Florida, Flores, Minas, Cerro Largo, Uruguay; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1922 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 644, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 325, 1925 — Chiquitos, Corrientes (range part, excl. Brazil); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 299, 1926 — Argentina (range, habits). Range : Eastern Bolivia (Chiquitos ; Trinidad, Rio Mamore") ; Argen- tina, from the northern boundary line south to Mendoza, Cordoba, and Buenos Aires; Paraguay; Uruguay, and extreme southern Brazil (Pelo- tas, Rio Grande do Sul)». •Material examined. — Bolivia: Chiquitos i, Trinidad i. Paraguay: Puerto Pagani i, Concepcion 5. Argentina: Corrientes i, La Soledad, Entrerios 2, Cosquin, Cordoba 2, Noetinger, Cordoba 4, Tucuman 15, Oran, Salta i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 17 21 : Argentina (Concepcion, Tucuman 12; El Carrizal, Sierra de Cordoba i; Noetinger, F.C.C.A., Cordoba 3); Bolivia (Trinidad, Rio Mamore* i); Uruguay (Polanco i, near San Vicente i, north of San Carlos i, los Cuervos i). *Xolmis irupero nivea (Spix)*. Rio SAN FRANCISCO PEPOAZA. Muscicapa nivea SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 20, pi. 29, fig. i, 1825 — near Joazeiro, Rio Sao Francisco, Bahia. Taenioptera irupero (not of VIEILLOT) REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 358 — Chique-Chique; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 653, 1906 (crit.); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, p. 438, 477, 1914 — Cidade da Barra, Bahia (egg descr.). Taenioptera irupuero REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Joazeiro (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Range: Eastern Brazil, in states of Bahia (Joazeiro, Chique Chique, Barra, Rio Sao Francisco; Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas) and Cearab. 4: Brazil (Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas, Bahia 4). *Xolmis murina (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny), MOUSE-BROWN PEPOAZA. Pepoaza murina LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, p. 63, 1837 — Patagonia =Rio Negro (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me'rid., Ois., p. 348, 1839 — Rio Negro. Taenioptera murina HUDSON, P. Z. A. Lond., 1872, p. 541 — Rio Negro; SCLATER, I.e., p. 548 — Rio Negro; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 460 — Cordoba; WHITE, I.e., 1883, p. 38 — Cosquin, Cordoba; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 119, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 15, 1888 — Cosquin, Cordoba, Rio Negro; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; idem, I.e., p. 290, 1895 — Catamarca; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. n, 1897 — San Lorenzo (Jujuy), Tala (Salta); HOL- LAND, Ibis, 1897, p. 167 — Santa Elena, Entrerios (spec, examined); LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — environs of Tucuman City ; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 190, 1909 — Tucuman, and Valle de Lerma, Salta (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 316, 1910 (range); * Xolmis irupero nivea (Spix) : Very similar to X . i. irupero, but black terminal portion of the rectrices slightly more extensive, especially on the central pair where it measures from 15 to 18 mm. (against 10 to 14 mm. in irupero). Besides, the tail appears to be less deeply forked, and the bill is generally smaller, although typical irupero is exceedingly variable in this respect. Wing (two adult males) 109, no; tail 76; bill 14, 15. This form is perhaps not properly separable, but pending more satisfactory mate- rial (the majority of the available specimens being immature) it is provisionally admitted in view of its widely separated range. Material examined. — Joazeiro (including the type) 4, Rio do Peixe 4. b A young bird of the unmistakable Ceara preparation in the Berlepsch Collec- tion examined. i8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 34, 1916 — plains of Prov. Mendoza; AMBRO- SETTI, El Hornero, i, p. 37, 1917 — Mor6n, Prov. Buenos Aires; SANZIN, I.e., 2, p. 150, 1918 — Las Catitas and Alto Verde, Mendoza; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 320, 1923 — San Antonio, Rio Negro; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 644, 1924 — Timote and Mor6n, Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, P- 327, 1925 — Rio Negro (range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 301, 1926 — General Roca, Rio Negro, and near Ingeniero White, Buenos Aires; idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 447, 1926 — Cabeza de Vaca and San Antonio Oeste, Rio Negro. Pyrope murina CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 26, p. 196, 1878 — Cordoba. Range: Eastern Bolivia (Valle Grande, Buenavista) and Argen- tina, from Jujuy and Salta south the Rio Negro8. 5 : Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 2) ; Argentina (Noetinger, F.C.C.A., Cordoba 3). Xolmis rubetra (Burmeister). CHAT-LIKE PEPOAZA. Taenioptera rubetra BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — "Sierra de Men- doza", lapsu (type in Halle Museum examined); idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 461, 1 86 1 — in the pampa south of Mendoza, around San Carlos and Totoral; SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 59 (crit.); HUDSON and SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1872, p. 541, 548 — Rio Negro; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 34; 1878, p. 394 — Chubut; HOLMBERG, Act. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 5, p. 79, 1884 — between Ayacucho and Tandil, Prov. Buenos Aires; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 120, pi. 7, 1888 — Argentina (habits) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 16, 1888 — Rio Negro, Chubut; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Pampas of Cordoba; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1896, p. 316 — Est. Santa Elena, Entrerios; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 190, 1909 — Bahia Blanca, Prov. Buenos Aires; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, P- 317, 1910 (range); SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 150, 1918 — La Paz, Mendoza; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1922 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; HINCHLIFF, I.e., p. 190, 1923 — Santi Spiritu, Santa F£; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 320, 1923 — Huanuluan and Maquinchao, Gob. Rio Negro; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 645, 1924 — Bahia Blanca; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 301, 1926 — Rio Negro, Neuquen, and Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires; idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 448, 1926 — San Antonio Oeste and Arroyo Seco, Rio Negro. * The species appears to nest in the southern provinces (Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro), migrating northwards after the breeding season. The only birds in worn breeding plumage I have seen were taken on the Rio Limay, Neuquen in December. The numerous examples from Entrerios, Cordoba, Tucuman, Salta and Bolivia, without exception in fresh plumage, were all obtained between March and October. Material examined. — Bolivia: Valle Grande (June) i, Buenavista (June) 2. Argentina: Tucuman (May, June, July) 7, Rio Sali, Tucumdn (July) i, Los Vasques, Tucuman (August) i; Valle de Lerma, Salta (June) 2; Noetinger, Cordoba (August) 3; Santa Elena, Entrerios (May) i; Rio Limay, Neuquen (December) 3; Rio Negro (no date) 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 19 Range: Argentina, from Mendoza, Cordoba, Santa Fe", and Entre- rios south to the Chubut'. *Xolmis pyrope (Kittlitz). FIRE-EYED PEPOAZA. Muscicapa pyrope KITTLITZ, Me"m. Ac. Sci. St. Pe"tersb., (sav. e"tr.), i, livr. 2, p. 191, pi. 10, 1830 — near Tome1, Bay of Concepcion, Chile; CHROSTOWSKI, Ann. Zool. Mus. Pol. Hist. Nat., i, p. 17, 1921 — type in Leningrad Museum. Pyrope kittlitzi CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 45, 1859 — new name for Muscicapa pyrope KITTLITZ. Taenioptera pyrope ignea WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 21, No. 12, p. 334 June 1923 — Laredo Bay, Straits of Magellan; idem, I.e., 24, p. 447, 1926 — Bariloche (Rio Negro) and Rio Fetaleufu (Chubut). Pepoaza pyrope LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 63, 1837 — Valparaiso; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am^r. me"rid., Ois., p. 348, 1 839 — Valparaiso. Xolmis pyrope DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 55, 1839 — Port Famine, Tierra del Fuego, and along the western coast as far north as Copiapo (egg descr.); FRASER, P. Z. S. Lond., n, p. in, 1843 — Chile. Taenioptera pyrope HARTLAUB, Naumannia, 1853, p. 212 — Valdivia; CASSIN in Gilliss, U. S. Astron. Exp., 2, p. 185, 1855 — Chile; GERMAIN, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 311, 1860 — Santiago (nesting habits); PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 76, 1865 — Chile; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile; SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, 1868, p. 187 — Port Famine; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 433 — Sandy Point; SHARPE, I.e., 1881, p. 8 — Skyring Water, Straits of Magellan; CABANIS and REICHENOW, Journ. Orn., 24, p. 323, 1876 — Straits of Magellan; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 15, 1888 — Chile, Skyring Water, Sandy Point, Port Famine; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12, p. 132, 1890 — Laredo Bay (Str. Magellan) and Port Otway, Chile; OUSTALET, Miss. Scient. Cap Horn, Zool., 6. 652, 1891 — Punta Arenas, Orange Bay, and Ushuwaia; LANE, Ibis, 1897, p. 30 — Corral, Calle- Calle, Valdivia, Maquegua; SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 719, 1898 — Villa Rica, Lake Llanquihue", Punta Arenas, Senel Bay; SALVADORI, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva, (2) 20, p. 616, 1900 — Punta Arenas; ARRIBAL- ZAGA, Ann. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 8, p. 164, 1 902 — Lago General Paz, Chubut ; CRAWSHAY, Birds Tierra del Fuego, p. 62, 1907 — Rio McClelland Settlement; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 190, 1909 — Lago Nahuel Huapi (Neuquen), Valle del Lago Blanco (Chubut); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 316, 1910 (range in Argentina); BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 145, 1920 — Nilahue, Curic6; idem, I.e., 25, p. 183, 1923 — Cordillera of Aconcagua; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 326, 1925 — Valparaiso (range). Pyrope pyrope PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 320, 1923 — Lake Nahuel Huapi (crit.). Taenioptera pyrope pyrope WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 301, 1926 — Concon, Chile (habits). 'Material examined. — Mendoza i (the type). Neuquen: Mangrullo i, Casa Lata i, Arroytos i, La Picaza i, Nogueira i, Sierra de la Angostura 2. 2o FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Tierra del Fuego; Chile, from the Straits of Magellan as far north as Copiap6 (Atacama) and on the Argentine slope of the Andes north to Lake Nahuel Huapi*. 29: Chile (Melinka, Ascension Isl., Guaitecas Islands 3; Rio Inio, Chiloe i, Quellon, Chiloe 5; Rifiihue, Valdivia i, Mafil, Valdivia 9; Rio Colorado, Malleco i, Curacautin, Malleco 2; Concepcion 3; Pilen Alto, Maule i ; Romero, Coquimbo i) ; Argentina (Puesto Burro, Chu- but 2). Genus MUSCISAXICOLA Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny. Muscisaxicola LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 65, 1837 — type by subs, desig. (Gray, 1840, p. 24) Muscisaxicola rufivertex LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. Ptyonura TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 276, 1844 — new name for Muscisaxi- cola LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. ^Muscisaxicola rufivertex rufivertex Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny. RUF- FOUS-CROWNED GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola rufivertex LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 66, 1837 — part, Cobijab, Prov. Antofagasta (types in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 354, pi. 40, fig. 2, 1839 — part, Cobija; BRIDGES, P. Z. S. Lond., 9, p. 94, 1841 — Andes of Chile, lat. 34° — 35°, on the east and west sides; FRASER, I.e., n, p. 112, 1843 — ele- vated Andes [of Chile] near the snow; BIBRA, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 5, p. 129, 1853 — Santiago; PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 68, 1865 — Chile; PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 95, 1865 — Cordilleras of Santiago and Colchagua (descr. adult and juv.); SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 58 — part, Chile; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 612 — part, Cobija; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 134, 1888 — part, Mendoza (ex BURMEISTER); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 58, 1888 — part, spec, a-f, Cordillera of Santiago and Coquimbo, Chile; PHILIPPI, Ornis, 4, p. 159, 1888 — Atacama; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — "Valparaiso"; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 321, 1910 — part, Cordillera of Mendoza; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 35, 1916 — Cordillera of Mendoza; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 25, p. 183, 1923 — Cordillera of Aconcagua; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 337, 1925 — Cobija (range, part). Muscisaxicola rufivertex sanborni HELLMAYR °, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Zool. Ser., 12, p. 73, 1924 — Romero, Prov. Coquimbo, Chile. a A series of fifteen specimens from Tierra del Fuego ( T. p. ignea), which I have lately had an opportunity of comparing in the Paris Museum with an equal number out of our Chilean material appears to be indistinguishable, and two skins from Puesto Burro, Chubut are also perfectly alike. b See Hellmayr, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 47, footnote i, 1920. e M. r. sanborni was separated on the assumption that a series from the inner districts of Antofagasta (Rio Loa, San Pedro) represented typical rufivertex. The 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 21 Ptyonura rufivertex CASSIN in Gilliss, U. S. Astron. Exp., 2, p. 186, 1855 — Chile; BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — foot of Sierra de Mendoza (spec, in Halle Museum examined) ; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 461, 1861 — same locality. Range : Andes of Chile, in provinces of Colchagua, Santiago, Acon- cagua, Coquimbo, Atacama, and extending in the coast range as far north as Cojiba and Gatico, Province of Antofagasta; and Sierra of Mendoza, western Argentina. 20: Chile (Bafios del Toro, Coquimbo 3; Romero, Coquimbo 6; Domeyko, Atacama i; Caldera, Atacama 4; Gatico, Antofagasta 6). ^Muscisaxicola rufivertex pallidiceps subsp. nov.a PALE-CROWNED GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola rufivertex (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY), SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1891, p. 134 — San Pablo, Tarapaca, part (spec, in British Museum examined); LSNNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 450 — Moreno, Jujuy; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, u, p. 255, 1904 — Santa Catalina, Jujuy; HARTERT and VEN- TURI, Nov. Zool., 1 6, p. 194, 1909 — Cerro Munoz (Tucuman), Cachi (Salta) (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 321, 1910 — part, Jujuy; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 332, 1925 — part, Sajama and Cerro Mufioz. Range: Northern Chile, from the inner Cordilleras of Antofagasta (Rio Loa, San Pedro) north to Tacna; southwestern Bolivia, in depts. Oruro (Sajama) and Potosi (Potosi); northwestern Argentina (prov. Jujuy, Salta, and Tucumanb). later acquisition of six topotypes from Gatico, together with a reexamination of D'Orbigny's originals in the Paris Museum, however, revealed the identity of the birds from the coast range of Antofagasta with those from central Chile, the latter differing only by slightly larger size and heavier bill. Sanborni, thus, becomes a synonym of rufivertex, while the form found in the interior of northern Chile and adjacent districts of Bolivia and Argentina requires a new name. Recent comparison of the adult male from Mendoza (coll. Burmeister) in the Halle Museum shows it to be precisely similar to the series from Coquimbo. " Muscisaxicola rufivertex pallidiceps subsp. nov. Type from twenty miles east of San Pedro, alt. 12,600 ft., Prov. Antofagasta, Chile, in Field Museum of Natural History No. 56652. Adult male. May i, 1924, C. C. Sanborn. Similar to M. r. rufivertex, but crown patch much paler, cinnamon instead of hazel; upper parts as a rule lighter, more purely gray, and size somewhat larger. Wing (male) 107-113, (female) 100-106; tail (male) 70-79, (female) 64-75; bill 1 6- 1 8. Besides our own series I have examined an adult male from San Pablo, Tarapaca, secured by Ambrose Lane on Feb. 20, 1890, in the British Museum; four specimens collected by Gustav Garlepp in May and June 1897 at Sajama, Orurp, Bolivia, belonging to the Berlepsch Collection; two (immature) males from Potosi, obtained by Prof. Behn in March 1847, in the Berlin Museum; one adult male from Cerro Munoz, Tucuman, alt. 4,000 metr., June 3, 1906, L. Dinelli, and another from Cachi, Salta, 3,000 metr., April 22, J. Steinbach, both in the Tring Museum. b In the absence of specimens I am unable to allocate the references Ptyonura rufivertex STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac.Ci. Cordoba, 10, 1890, p. 401 (Sierra de Cordoba) and Muscisaxicola rufivertex GIACOMELLI, El Hornero, 3, 1923, p. 71 (La Rioja). 22 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 14: Chile (Rio Loa, Antofagasta 4; San Pedro i, twenty miles east of San Pedro, Antofagasta 7; Canchones, Tarapaca i; Alcerraca, Tacna i). ^Muscisaxicola rufivertex occipitalis Ridgway*. TITICACA GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola occipitalis RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 430, Nov. 1887 — LakeTiticaca (type) and Ocros, Dept. Ayacucho, Peru; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 468, 1907 (crit.); MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., i, No. 20, p. 322, 1910 — Tulpo, s.e. of Huamachuco (spec, examined) ; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 46, 1920 — Urcos and Lucre, Dept. Cuzco, Peru; La Paz and Chicani, Bolivia (crit., characters); idem, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 331, 1925 — La Paz, Chicani (Bolivia), Tarma, Cuzco, Libertad (Peru). Muscisaxicola rufivertex LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 66, 1837 — part, La Paz, Bolivia (spec, in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 354, 1839 — part, "sur les plateaux les plus elev^s des Andes a 4600 metr "; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 154 — Tinta, Peru (spec, in British Museum examined); idem, I.e., 1879, p. 612 — part, La Paz; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 533 — Junin; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 216, 1884 — between Cacas and Palcamayo, Cutervo, and Arequipa; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 58, 1888 — part, spec, h-1, Bolivia and Tinta (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 358 — Chicha and Queta, near Tarma (spec, examined); idem, Ornis, 13, p. 127, 1906 — Puno, Lake Titicaca; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 90, 1921 — La Raya, Calca, Tica-tica, and above Ollantaytambo, Urubamba, Peru. Muscisaxicola rubricapilla (not of PHILIPPI and LANDBECK) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 16 — Tinta (spec, examined). Muscisaxicola juninensis (not of TACZANOWSKI) SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. n, 1895 — Huamachuco and near Cajamarca (spec, in British and Tring Museums examined). Muscisaxicola rufivertex ruficrissa CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 342, 1916 — Macate, Ancachs (type) and Cajamarca, Peru. Range: Temperate Zone of Peru (from Dept. Cajamarca south to Puno and Arequipa) and northwestern Bolivia (depts. La Paz and ( ?) Cochabamba). 3: Peru (Cajamarca i; Macate, Ancachs i; La Quinua, Junin i). B Muscisaxicola rufivertex occipitaUs RIDGWAY: This very distinct form differs from the other races by very much darker (chestnut) crown patch, mouse gray in- stead of light ashy gray back, dusky instead of black upper tail-coverts and rectrices, much more grayish throat and breast, and more or less buffy instead of pure white under tail coverts; size somewhat larger. Wing (male) 110-120, (female) 103-109. Specimens from Junin and northwards are generally slightly paler and less brown- ish above than a series from southern Peru and Bolivia, but the divergency is too insignificant to warrant the recognition of an additional race (ruficrissa). Material examined. — Peru: Cajamarca 4, Cajabamba i, Santiago, Libertad 4, Huamachuco 5, Tulpo, southeast of Huamachuco 2, Macate, Ancachs i, Tarma, Junin 2, La Quinua, Junin i, Lucre, Cuzco 3, Lauramarca, Cuzco i, Urcos, Cuzco 2, Tinta 4. Bolivia: La Paz 5, Chicani 4. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 23 Muscisaxicola albilora Lafresnaye. WHITE-LORED GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola albilora LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 7, p. 60, 1855 — no locality indicated (type now in Mus. Comp. Zool. examined ;=juv.); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 63, p. 27, 1919 — crit., Santiago, Chile suggested as type locality; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 45, 1920 — Anta and Lauramarca (near Cuzco), Maraynioc (Junin), and La Paz, Bolivia (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 90, 1921 — above Matchu Picchu (Peru), Cuchacancha (Bolivia); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H.., 55, p. 481, 1926 — Taraguacocha, Ecuador. Muscisaxicola rubricapitta PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Anal. Univ. Chile, 25, p. 429, 1864 — Cordillera of Hacienda de la Puerta, Prov. Colchagua, Chile; idem, Arch., Naturg., 31 (i), p. 90, 1865 — same locality (German translation); SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 58 — Cordilleras of Colchagua and Santiago; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1867, p. 986, pi. 46 — part, Chile; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 533 — Junin and Maraynioc; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 215, 1884 — Maraynioc (excl. Tinta); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 57, 1888 — Santiago, Chile; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 358 — Maraynioc, Peru (spec, examined); PHILIPPI, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 15, p. 44, pi. 24, fig. 2, 1902 — Chile; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 25, p. 184, 1923 — Cordillera of Aconcagua. Range: Breeding in the Andes of central Chile (prov. Colchagua Santiago, and Aconcagua), migrating northwards in winter to Bolivia (La Paz; Cuchacancha, Dept. Cochabamba), Peru (Cajamarca)a, and Ecuador (Taraguacocha). ^Muscisaxicola juninensis Taczanowski*. JUNIN GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola juninensis TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 214, 1884 — Junin, Peru (one of the original specimens in the British Museum examined) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 58, 1888 — Junin and Salinas, Peru (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 358 — Icapirca, Pariayacu, and Tarma, Junin (spec, examined) ; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 468, 1907 (crit.) ; • Specimens taken in Peru and Bolivia are indistinguishable from the Chilean ones. Material examined. — Chile: Vicinity of Santiago 5, Valle del Yeso i, unspeci- fied 10. Bolivia: La Paz i. Peru: Anta, Cuzco 3, Lauramarca, Cuzco i, Maray- nioc 2, Hacienda de Queta, Tarma i, Cajamarca 1(0" ad., June 27, 1895, O. T. Baron, in coll. British Museum). b Muscisaxicola juninensis TACZANOWSKI: Nearest to M. albilora, but upper parts much less brownish, nearest to "light drab" (somewhat paler and more gray- ish); whitish loral streak less conspicuous; superciliaries much less distinct, pale grayish instead of pure white; occipital patch less extensive, not sharply circum- scribed and much less rufous, only some of the median crest feathers being chestnut at their bases; bill generally, though not always, weaker and slenderer. Wing (male) 112-121, (female) 110-114; tail 71-80; bill 14-16. This is possibly a northern representative of M. albilora, but it would be unsafe to employ trinomials until we know more about the breeding ranges of these birds. Material examined. — Peru: Junin i, Icapirca, Junin i, Lauramarca, Cuzco i, Salinas, Arequipa 2, Lake Titicaca i, Vincocaya, Titicaca i. Chile: Prov. Tacna 6; Prov. Tarapaca, near San Pablo 3, Huasco 2, Sacaya i. 24 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 25, 1909 — Maimara, Laguna Colorada, Jujuy; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 321, 1910 (ex LILLO); HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 46, 1920 — Lauramarca, Cuzco (crit., char.). Muscisaxicola rubricapilla (not of PHILIPPI and LANDBECK) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 986 — part, Salinas, above Arequipa (spec, examined); ALLEN, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 3, p. 354, 1876 — Mono and Vincocaya, Lake Titicaca (spec, examined). Muscisaxicola rufivertex (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1886, p. 398 — Huasco, Tarapaca (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 1891, p. 134 — part, Sacaya and San Pablo (spec, examined). Range : Andes of southern Peru (depts. Junin, Cuzco, Puno, and Arequipa) and northern Chile (prov. Tacna and Tarapaca); accord- ing to Lillo, also in northwestern Argentina (Prov. Jujuy). 6: Chile, Prov. Tacna (Chungara i, Choquelimpie 5). *Muscisaxicola flavinucha Lafresnaye. YELLOW-NAPED GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola flavinucha LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 7, p. 59, pi. 3, 1855 — Chile; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 533 — Junin; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 211, 1884 — Junin; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 57, 1888 — Prov. Santiago (Chile), Junin (Peru); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 358 — Ingapirca, Junin (spec, exam- ined); BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Lara, Tucuman (spec, examined); BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Santa Catalina, Jujuy; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Cumbre de Calchaquies, Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 193, 1909 — Valle del Lago Blanco (Chubut), Lara (Tucuman); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 321, 1910 — Cumbre de Calchaquies and Santa Catalina; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 25, p. 183, 1923 — Cordillera of Aconcagua; WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 450, 1926 — Anecon Grande, Rio Negro (crit.). Muscisaxicola flavivertex PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Anal. Univ. Chile, 25, p. 434, 1864 — Cordilleras of Prov. Santiago; idem, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 98, 1865 (German translation); SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 58 (crit.); PHILIPPI, Ornis, 4, p. 159, 1888 — Pastes Largos; idem, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 15, p. 47, pi. 17, fig. 2, 1902 — Chile. Muscisaxicola hatcheri SCOTT", Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, p. LV, 1900 — Cordillera, Upper Rio Chico, Patagonia (type in Mus. Princeton University examined ; = juv.); WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 448, 1926 — Lago Fetalauf- quen, Chubut. a The type is a bird in fluffy juvenile plumage, with distinct buffy edges to the wing-coverts and quills, and without trace of the ochraceous occipital patch. Adult birds from the same general region (Valle del Lago Blanco, Chubut) differ from the Chilean series by somewhat browner upper, and slightly more grayish under parts, but the variation is too insignificant to justify the recognition of a separate race (M. f. hatcheri). Specimens from Antofagasta, Bolivia, and Peru are indistinguish- 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 25 Range: Breeding in the Andes from western Patagonia (upper Rio Chico, Gob. Santa Cruz; Lago Blanco, Chubut) to central Chile (prov. Santiago, Aconcagua, Coquimbo, and ( ?) Antofagasta) and northwestern Argentina (prov. Tucumdn and Jujuy), migrating northward in winter to Bolivia (Huachacachi) and Peru (depts. Cuzco and Junin). 15: Argentina (Valle del Lago Blanco, Chubut 2); Chile (Bafios del Toro, Coquimbo 9; Rio Loa i, twenty miles east of San Pedro, Anto- fagasta 3). ^Muscisaxicola capistrata (Burmeisier). BURMEISTER'S GROUND- TYRANT. Ptyonura capistrata BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 248, 1860 — foot of Sierra of Mendoza (type in Halle Museum examined); idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 461, 1861 — rsame locality; idem, Ann. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 3, p. 243, 1888 — Chubut. Muscisaxicola capistrata SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 717, 1898 — Punta Anegada and Cape Espiritu Santo, Tierra del Fuego, and Gregory Bay, Straits of Magellan (crit.); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 364, 1902 — Tierra del Fuego (ex SCHALOW) -.BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 127, 1906 — Pichacani, Dept. Puno, Peru; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 468, 1907 — Sajama (Bolivia), Puno (Peru); LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 26, 1909 — Cerro Mufioz, Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 194, 1909 — Cumbre de Malamala, Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 1 8, p. 322, 1910 — Tierra del Fuego and Cerro Mufioz; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 35, 1906 — Cerros de Chacras Coria, Mendoza; SANZIN, El Hor- nero, i, p. 151, 1918 — Mendoza; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 323, 1923 — Huanuluan, Rio Negro (breeding); WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 450, 1926 — Corral Chico, Rio Negro. Muscisaxicola garretti SCOTT, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, p. LIV, 1900 — Coy Inlet, Patagonia; SCHALOW, Orn. Monatsber., 8, p. 97, 1900 (crit. = M. capistrata). Range: Tierra del Fuego; Patagonia (Coy Inlet; Chubut; Rio Negro); western Argentina (Mendoza; Cerro Munoz and Cumbre de Malamala, Tucumdn); Chile (Gregory Bay, Straits of Magellan; prov. Atacama and Antofagasta); western Bolivia (Sajama and Esperanza, Dept. Oruro); southern Peru (Dept. Puno)8. able from those of central Chile. An adult male secured by G. A. Baer on Feb. 26, 1903, at Lara, Tucumdn, alt. 4,000 metr., is in exceedingly worn breeding plumage. Material examined. — Patagonia: Cordillera, Rio Chico i, Valle del Lago Blanco, Chubut 5. Chile: Santiago 3, Banos del Toro, Coquimbo 9, Rio Loa, Antofagasta i, twenty miles east of San Pedro 3, unspecified 4. Argentina: Lara, Tucuman i, Bolivia: Huachacachi i. Peru: Lauramarca, Cuzco 5, Ingapirca 2, Junin 2. • This species apparently breeds in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego and spends the winter in the north, though the data so far available are very incomplete. Material examined. — Chile (as specified above) n. Tierra del Fuego: Punta Anegada 2, Cape Espiritu Santo i. Argentina: Mendoza (the type) i, Cumbre de Malamala, Tucumdn 2. Bolivia: Esperanza i, Sajama i. Peru: Pichacani i. 26 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 13: Chile (Ramadilla, Copiap6 Valley, Atacama i; Prov. Anto- fagasta, Rio Loa 2, Rio Inacaliri 4, Ojo de San Pedro 2, twenty miles east of San Pedro 2); Argentina (Aconquija, Tucuman i; La Laguna Blanca, Catamarca i). *Muscisaxicola frontalis (Burmeister) . BLACK-FRONTED GROUND- TYRANT. Ptyonura frontalis BURMEISTER, Journ., Orn., 8, p. 248, 1860 — near Mendoza, at the base of the Sierra of Uspallata* (types in Halle Museum examined) ; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 462, 1861 — same locality. Muscisaxicola nigrifrons PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Anal. Univ. Chile, 25, p. 436, 1864 — vicinity of Lago de los Piuquenes, near Las Aranas, Prov. Santiago; idem, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 101, 1865 — same locality (German translation) ; SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 58 — Chile (crit.); idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 55, 1888 — Cordillera of Santiago; PHILIPPI, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 15, p. 43, pi. 14, fig. i, 1902 — Chile; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 25, 1909 — Cerro de Mufioz, Tucuman; HAR- TERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 194, 1909 — Cerro Mufioz (spec, ex- amined). Muscisaxicola frontalis nigrifrons BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 468, 1907 — Chile (crit.)b. Muscisaxicola frontalis DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 322, 1910 — Cerro Mufioz, Cord, of Mendoza; WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 449, 1926 — Anecon Grande, Rio Negro. Muscisaxicola frotalis (sic) REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 36, 1916 — Cordillera of Mendoza. Range : Andes of Chile (in prov. Santiago, Coquimbo, and Anto- fagasta) and western Argentina (in prov. .Jujuy, Tucuman, Mendoza, and Rio Negro). 10: Chile (Bafios del Toro, Prov. Coquimbo 7; twenty miles east of San Pedro, Prov. Antofagasta 2); Argentina (Cerro Laguna Color- ada, Jujuy i). 8 The original locality is perhaps questionable. The species has never been met with again at Mendoza, though various specimens were obtained in the extreme northwest of Argentina at altitudes of 4,000 metr. and above. b I cannot discover any difference, either in size or coloration, between twelve skins from Chile and five from Argentina. The chestnut brown patch on the occiput is characteristic of the adult male. MEASUREMENTS WING TAIL BILL Five adult males from Prov. Coquimbo 115,118,119,119,120 72-76 18-19 Two adult males from Prov. Santiago 120,121 72,78 19,19 Two adult males from Prov. Antofagasta 121,124 77,79 19,19 One adult male from " Mendoza" (type) 121 78 19 Two adult males from Cerro Mufioz, Tucuman 114,118 73,75 18,19 One adult male from Jujuy 116 71 19 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 27 *Muscisaxicola albif rons ( Tschudi) . WHITE-FRONTED GROUND-TYRANT. Ptyonura albifrons TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 276, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 167, pi. 12, fig. 2, 1846 — Peru*. Muscisaxicola albifrons PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 78, 1865 — Parinacota Mediana, above Tacna, Prov. Tacna, Chile; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 986 — Salinas, Dept. Arequipa; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 533 — Ninarupa; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 209, 1884 — Ninarupa; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1886, p. 397 — Sacaya, Tarapaca; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 54, 1888 — Salinas and Ninarupa, Peru; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p.358 — central Peru; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 103, 1906 — Vilcabamba, Dept. Cuzco; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 468, 1907 — Peru to Bolivia (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 89, 1921 — La Raya, Peru. Taenioptera holospodia SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 47 — Bolivia (type in British Museum examined); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 14, pi. 4, 1888 — Bolivia; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 467, 1907 (crit.). Range: Andes of southern Peru (depts. Junin and Cuzco), western Bolivia (Cosapilla), and northern Chile (prov. Tacna and Tarapaca) b. 4: Chile, Prov. Tacna (Las Cuevas 2, Chungara 2). Muscisaxicola alpina columbiana Chapman0. COLOMBIAN GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola alpina columbiana CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31, p. 152, 1912 — Paramo de Santa Isabel, Central Andes, Colombia; idem, I.e., 36, p. 432, 1917 — Santa Isabel. Range: Central Andean chain of Colombia (Paramo de Santa Isabel). *Muscisaxicola alpina alpina (Jardine). ALPINE GROUND-TYRANT. Taenioptera alpina JARDINE, Contrib. Ornith., 1849, p. 47-9, pi. 21 — ''highest ridge of the Andes" [near Quito, Ecuador]. Muscisaxicola albifrons (not of TSCHUDI) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 78, 1860 — Panza, Chimborazo; idem, Ibis, 1866, p. 57 — Panza and Chimborazo. • I have little doubt that Tschudi (p. 168), when recording P. albifrons from the Rio de Huaura (coast north of Lima) and P. mentalis from the Rio de Yanayacu (interior), has inadvertently transposed the localities of the two species. M. albi- frons, an inhabitant of the Paramo Zone, is not likely to occur on the littoral near Lima, where P. mentalis, on the other hand, is not infrequently met with during the hard season. b Material examined. — Peru: Ninarupa i, Vilcabamba i. Bolivia: Cosapilla i, unspecified (type of T. holospodia) i. Chile: Prov. Tacna 4. 0 Muscisaxicola alpina columbiana CHAPMAN: Exceedingly close to M. a. alpina, but coloration above slightly deeper and breast darker grayish; wing perhaps a trifle shorter (120-122, against 122-125). This very unsatisfactory race may prove to be inseparable when sufficient mate- rial comes to hand. Two topotypes examined. 28 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscisaxicola alpina SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 28, p. 92, 1860 — above Puellaro; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1867, p. 986 — Ecuador (crit.); TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 87 — Chimborazo and San Rafael; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 54, 1888 — Andes of Quito, Panza, Pichincha, Chimborazo, Sical; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — Chaupi (Illiniza); GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 702 — Pichincha and Guamani Pass; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£og. Mes. Arc Me"rid. Equat., 9, p. B. 50, 1911 — Mozo, Pichincha; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — Pichincha. Range: Paramo Zone of the Andes of Ecuador*. i: Ecuador (Pichincha i). *Muscisaxicola alpina grisea Taczanowski*. ASH-COLORED GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola grisea TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 213, 1884 — Maraynioc, Junin, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 55, 1888 — Ninabamba; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. ii, 1895 — Cajamarca and Huamachuco (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 468, 1907 — western Bolivia; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 44, 1920 — Ollachea, Dept. Puno; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 90, 1921 — above Ollantaytambo, Urubamba. Range : Temperate Zone of the Andes of Peru (north to Cajamarca) and western Bolivia (Chaco, Dept. La Paz). 4: Peru (Junin i ; Huanuco Mountains 3). *Muscisaxicola cinerea Philippi and Landbeck. CINEREOUS GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola cinerea PHILIPPI and LANBBECK, Anal. Univ. Chile, 25, p. 422, 1864 — Las Araucas, Valle Largo, Las Chacarillas, Cordilleras of Santiago; idem, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 80, 1865 — same localities (German transla- tion); SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 57 — Cordilleras of Santiago; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 533 — Maraynioc, * Seven specimens from Pichincha examined. b Muscisaxicola alpina grisea TACZANOWSKI: Very nearly allied to M. a. alpina and similarly colored underneath; but upper parts much more grayish (mouse gray rather than hair brown); pileum mouse gray like the back instead of being bister brown and forming a distinct dusky cap; wing-coverts and secondaries conspicu- ously, though narrowly edged with hoary; auriculars pale gray, not dusky brown. Wing (male) 122-124, (female) 110-117; tail (male) 84-86, (female) 73-78; bill While clearly but a geographical race of M. alpina, this bird is perfectly distinct from M. cinerea by larger size, considerably darker (mouse gray rather than light ashy gray) upper parts with conspicuous, more whitish edges to wing-coverts and secondaries; the much wider white supraloral streak being continued far beyond the eye; and by having the anterior under parts obsoletely flammulated or shaded with pale grayish brown. Material examined. — Peru: Cajamarca i, Huamachuco i, Junin i, Huanuco Mts., Huanuco 3, Ollachea, Puno i. Bolivia: Chaco, La Paz i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 29 Peru; idem, Orn. Pdr., 2, p. 212, 1884 — Ninarupa, Junin; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 55, 1888 — Cordillera of Santiago, "Valdivia" (!), Chile; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 358 — Ingapirca, Junin; PHILIPPI, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 15, p. 49, pi. 19, fig. 2, 1902 — Chile; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 25, p. 184, 1923 — Portillo, Cordillera of Acon- cagua. Muscisaxicola grisea (not of TACZANOWSKI) BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Cerro Pelado, Tucuman (spec, in Paris Museum examined); BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Santa Catalina, Jujuy; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Cuesta de Malamala, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — same locality. Range: Andes of central Chile (in prov. Santiago, Aconcagua, and Coquimbo) and northwestern Argentina (in prov. Tucuman and Jujuy), migrating north to Peru (Dept. Junin) ft. 17: Chile (Bafios del Toro, Coquimbo 9); Argentina (Aconquija, Tucuman i ; Las Pavas, Tucuman 7). ^Muscisaxicola macloviana macloviana (Garnot)b. GARNOT'S GROUND- TYRANT. Sylvia macloviana GARNOT, Voyage Coquille, Zool., i (2), p. 540, July 1829 — • "lies Malouines, dans les environs de la baie de 1'Huile, du port Duperrey et les valises qui avoisinent 1'Aiguade." Curruca macloviana LESSON, Voyage Coquille, Zool., i (2), p. 663, 1830 — lies Malouines. Muscisaxicola macloviana GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 83, 1839 — East Falkland Island; GOULD, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 95, 1859 — East Falkland Island; SCLATER, I.e., 28, p. 385, 1860 — Falkland Islands; ABBOTT, Ibis, 1861, p. 154 — East Falkland; SCLATER, I.e., 1866, p. 58 — Falkland Islands; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 56, 1888 — part, spec, o-u, y, Falkland Islands; BROOKS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 61, p. 158, 1917 — Falkland Islands. Muscisaxicola macloviana macloviana WAGE, El Hornero, 2, p. 204, 1921 — Falkland Islands. Taenioptera pyrope (errore) VALLENTIN, Mem. and Proc. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soc., 48, No. 23, p. 43, 1904 — Wickham Range, East Falkland Island. Range: Falkland Islands. 2: West Falkland (Port Stephens 2). •An adult male from Laguna de Pelado, Tucuman, erroneously recorded by G. A. Baer as M. grisea, is perfectly identical with the Bafios del Toro specimens in Field Museum, while two males from Peru (Ingapirca, Junin) differ only by slightly longer wings. MEASUREMENTS WING TAIL BILL Eight adult males from Prov. Coquimbo 103-108 71-76 15-16 Four adult males from Tucuman 105-110 74-76 15 Two adult males from Peru (Ingapirca) 111,112 76,77 14^3,15 b Muscisaxicola macloviana macloviana is so much larger (wing of male 115-118, against 97-105, of female 112, against 95-103) than the mainland form that its sep- aration appears perfectly justified. Seven specimens examined. 30 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. ^Muscisaxicola macloviana mentalis Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny*. SMOKE-FRONTED GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola mentalis LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 66, 1837 — Cobija, "in Boli via" [ = Chile], Arica, and Patagoniab (spec, in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am£r. m£rid., Ois., P- 355, pl- 4°» fig- J» 1847 — Rio Negro, Cobija, Arica; GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 83, 1839 — Bahia Blanca, Tierra del Fuego, Chiloe, and Chile; FRASER, P. Z. S. Lond., u, p. 112, 1843 — Chile; PHILIPPI and LAND- BECK, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 85, 1865 — Valdivia, Santiago, Arica (crit.); SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 58 — Chile; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 99 — Lima; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 326, 338 — Chile; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., p. 986 — Islay, Peru; SCLATER and HUDSON, I.e., 1872, p. 541, 549 — Rio Negro; SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, 1868, p. 187 — Sandy Point; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 612 — Cobija; SHARPE, I.e., 1881, p. 8 — Coquimbo; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 218, 1884 — Peru; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12, p. 132, 1890 — Sandy Point, Latitude Cove, Mayne Harbor, Straits of Magellan. Saxicola fumifrons PEALE, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, p. 90, 1848 — near Callao, Peru. Ochthoeca chilensis HARTLAUB, Naumannia, 3, p. 212, 1853 — Valdivia (=juv.); PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 76, 1865 — Chile. Muscisaxicola albimentum LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 7, p. 61, 1855 — no locality indicated (the label of the type, now in Mus. Comp. Zool., gives "Bolivia et Patagonia" ;=juv.). Ptyonura mentalis TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 277, 1844 — Peru; idem. Faun. Peru., Aves p. 167, 1846 — "Rio de Yanayacu" (errore, see footnote a on p. 27); CASSIN in Gilliss, U. S. Astron. Exp., 2, p. 185, 1855 — Chile. Muscisaxicola macloviana (not of GARNOT) SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i» P- 133, 1888 — part (excl. Falkland Islands) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 56, 1888 — part, spec, a-n, x, Islay (Peru), Santiago, Coquimbo (Chile), Rio Negro, St. Martin's Cove, Hermit Isl.; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; OUSTALET, Miss. Cap Horn, Zool., 6, p. 55, 1891 — Orange Bay, Cook Bay (Staten Isl.), Bourchier Bay (False Cape Horn), Punta Arenas; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1895, P- 2I5 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; SCHA- LOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 715, 1898 — Seno Almirantazgo, Ushuwaia, Lapataja (Tierra del Fuego), Cavancha (Iquique), Isla de Pajaros (Totora- lillo), Tumbes, and Villa Rica, Chile (spec, examined); SALVADORI, Ann. * As correctly pointed out by Philippi and Landbeck long ago, adult birds are characterized by dark brown pileum and rufous brown chin spot, the female differ- ing only in smaller size and generally less extensive rufous on chin. Young birds lack the chin spot, the throat and foreneck being streaked with white and pale gray ish; the upper wing-coverts are edged with buff, and the pileum is almost the same color as the back. There is apparently no difference between specimens from various localities. A male from Usnuaia approaches typical macloviana in size (wing 109 mm). Besides our own series I have examined the following examples. Peru: Islay 2. Chile: Cobija 2, Arica 3, Tumbes 2, Villa Rica i, Totoralillo i. Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia 2, Seno Almirantazgo i. Argentina: Rio Negro 2. b Carmen de Patagones, Rio Negro designated as type locality by Peters (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 322, 1923). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 31 Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva, (2) 20, p. 616, 1900 — Penguin Rookery, Staten Isl; ARRIBALZAGA, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 165, 1902 — Lago General Paz, Chubut; DABBENE, I.e., p. 364, 1902 — Tierra del Fuego; idem, I.e., 18, p. 321, 1910 — range (excl. Isl. Malvinas); idem, Physis 2, p. 291, 1916 — Quilmes, Prov. Buenos Aires; CRAWSHAY, Birds Tierra del Fuego, p. 64, 1907 — San Sebastian Settlement; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 146, 1921 — Nilahue, Curic6; idem, I.e., 25, p. 183, 1923 — Cordillera of Aconcagua. Muscisaxicola macloviana mentalis HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 194, 1909 — Valle del Lago Blanco (Chubut), Ushuaia (Tierra del Fuego); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 63, p. 26, 1919 (crit.); DAGUERRE, El Hornero, 2, p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 322, 1923 — Huanuluan, Puerto Blest, and San Antonio, Rio Negro (breeding range); MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 646, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 333, 1925 — Cobija, Arica, Patagonia (crit.); WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 449, 1926 — Nahuel Niyeu and Arroyo Seco (Rio Negro), and Lago Fetalauf- quen (Chubut). Range: Breeding in the Andes of Chile and Argentina, from the Province of Aconcagua and Lake Nahuel Huapi south to Tierra del Fuego, wintering in eastern Patagonia and Argentina as far north as Buenos Aires and Entrerios, and on the Chilean and Peruvian littoral as far north as Lima. 30: Chile (Chacalluta, six miles north of Arica, Prov. Tacna 4; Gatico, Antofagasta 5; Ramadilla, Copiap6 Valley i, Caldera, Atacama 5; Romero, Coquimbo 4; Quirihue, Maule 4; Santiago 2; near Sewell, O'Higgins i ; Rio Colorado, Malleco i ; Lake Gualletue*, Cautin i ; Con- cepcion i ; Rio Nireguao, Llanquihue" i). ^Muscisaxicola maculirostris maculirostris Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny. SPOT-BILLED GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola maculirostris LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av.( i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 66, 1837 — La Paz, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me'rid., Ois., p. 356, pi. 41, fig. 2, 1847 — La Paz; BIBRA, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 5, p. 129, 1853 — Cordillera [of Santiago], Chile (habits); PHILIPPI and LANDBECK, Arch. Naturg., 31 (i), p. 82, 1865 — Cerro de San Cristobal and Las Arafias (Cordillera of Santiago), Hacienda La Puerta (Prov. Colchagua) (descr. adult and juv.); SCLATER, Ibis, 1866, p. 57 — part, Chile, La Paz, Mendoza; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, P- 326, 338 — Chile; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1868, p. 568 — Arequipa; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 154 — Tinta; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 534 — Lima; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1878, p. 395 — near the River Sengelen, Chubut; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 612 — La Paz and Tilotilo, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 219, 1884 — part, Chile and Peru; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 134, 1888 — part (excl. Ecuador); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., I4> P- 59, !888 — part, spec, a-p, Santiago (Chile), Rio Negro, Tilotilo (Bolivia), Tinta and Arequipa (Peru); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 32 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 1896, p. 358 — Ingapirca, Queta, and Maraynioc, Peru; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 127, 1906 — Puno; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Lara, Tucuman; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — near Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 322, 1910 — range; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 36, 1916 — Cordillera of Mendoza; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 151, 1918 — Chacras Coria, Mendoza; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 90, 1921 — Huaracondo Canyon, Pisac, Cuzco, Tica-tica, Peru; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 323, 1923 — Huanuluan, Rio Negro (breeding); BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 25, p. 184, 1923 — Rio Blanco, Cord, of Aconcagua; idem, I.e., 28, p. 35, 1924 — San Bernardo, Chile; WET- MORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 306, 1926 — General Roca (Rio Negro), Zapala (Neuquen), and Mendoza; idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 450, 1926 — Corral Chico and Cerro Anecon Grande, Rio Negro. Muscisaxicola maculirostris maculirostris HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 194, 1909 — Lara (Tucuman), Angosta Perchela (Jujuy), Cachi (Salta); HELLMAYR, I.e., 32, p. 334, 1925 — La Paz (crit.). Ptyonura maculirostris BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 248, 1860 — near Mendoza; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 462, 1861 — Mendoza. Muscisaxicola brunnea GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 84, 1839 — Port San Julian, Patagonia (=juv.). Range: Andes of Peru (from Cajamarca southward), Bolivia, Chile (south to Cautin), and western Argentina (prov. Jujuy, Salta, Tucu- mdn, La Rioja, Mendoza, and Rio Negro, occasionally even in Chubut and Santa Cruzj a. 22: Peru (Matucana 3, Chosica i, Santa Eulalia i, La Quinua i); Chile (Putre, Tacna 2; Rio Loa, Antofagasta 4; Ramadilla, Copiap6 Valley i, Caldera, Atacama 5; Romero, Coquimbo 2; Villa Portales, Cautin 2). Muscisaxicola maculirostris rufescens Berlepsch and Stolzmannb. RUFESCENT GROUND-TYRANT. Muscisaxicola maculirostris rufescens BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 359 — Yoc6n, Ecuador (type in Berlepsch collection examined); HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Mount Cayambe; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g6ogr. Mes. Arc M£rid. Equat., 9, p. 651, 1911 — Tumbaco; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — Quito, Chaupicruz, Pomasqui. • I am unable to make out any geographical variation of this widespread bird, excepting the inhabitants of the Ecuadorian highlands which constitute a well- marked race. Material examined. — Peru: Cajamarca 21, Junin 2, Maraynioc i, coast range above Lima 5, Lucre, Cuzco 6, Anta, Cuzco i. Bolivia: La Paz i, Chicani, Dept. La Paz 8. Chile: (various localities from Tacna to Cautin) 20. Argentina: Lara, Tucuman 3, Las Lagunas, Jujuy i, Mendoza i. b Muscisaxicola maculirostris rufescens BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN: Differs from the typical race by much darker, pinkish buff rather than buffy white under, and deeper grayish brown upper parts. Four specimens, including the type examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 33 Muscisaxicola maculirostris (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 92, 1860 — Calacali; idem, Ibis, 1866, p. 57 — part, Calacali, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 295 — Yoc6n; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 219, 1884 — part, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 59, 1888 — part, spec, q-s, Calacali, Quito. Muscisaxicola rufescens SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — Pichincha. Range: Temperate Zone of Ecuador. ^Muscisaxicola fluviatilis Sclater and Salvin*. UCAYALI GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola fluviatilis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 187 — lower Ucayali, Peru; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 598 — Cosnipata; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 277 — Nauta, Ucayali, and Huallaga (nest and eggs descr.); idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Potrero, Urubamba Valley; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 534 — Amable Maria, Monterico, and Acancocha; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Huambo; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 220, 1884 — Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 59, 1888 — Ucayali, Nauta, Cosnipata, Peru; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 359 — La Merced, Chanchamayo; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 85, 1906 — Santa Ana; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 285, 1910 — Maroins, Rio Machados, and below Crato, Rio Madeira; DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 338, 1914 — Tucuman (spec, examined); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 90, 1921 — Rio Comberciato, southeastern Peru. Range: Eastern Peru (from the banks of the Maranon south to Dept. of Cuzco), northern Bolivia (Juntas), western Brazil (Rio Ma- deira and Rio Machados), and northern Argentina (Tucumdn). 4: Peru (Moyobamba 2, San Ramon, Chanchamayo i, Vista Alegre i). Genus LESSONIA Swainson. Lessonia SWAINSON in Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Americ., Birds, p. 490, 1832 — type Anthus sordidus LESSON = A lauda rufa GMELIN. Centrophanes (not Centhrophanes KAUP 1829) CABANIS, Bericht. Preuss. Ak. Wiss., 1845, p. 217; idem in Tschudi, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 167, note i, 1846 — type Alauda rufa GMELIN. B Muscisaxicola fluviatilis SCLATER and SALVIN, the only representative of the genus in the Tropical Zone, bears a striking resemblance to M . maculirostris, from which it, however, differs by smaller size, much shorter tarsi, not distinctly bicolored lower mandible, and much more buffy coloring of throat, chest, and sides of the head. Wing 74-80; tail 49-54. Two specimens from the Rio Madeira and one from Tucuman are more brownish above than a series from Peru and Bolivia. Birds from northern Peru possibly have the wing bands wider and of a brighter rufous, but they are exactly matched by the Tucuman example. Material examined. — Peru: Moyobamba 2, San Ramon i, Vista Alegre i, Santa Ana 2, Potrero i. Bolivia: Juntas i. Brazil: below Crato, Rio Madeira i , Maroins, Rio Machados i. Argentina: Tucuman i. 34 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Gentries CABAMS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 256, 1847 — new name for Centro- phanes CABANIS, preoccupied. *Lessonia rufa mfa (Gmeliri). RUFOUS-BACKED GROUND-TYRANT. Alauda nigri (sic) (not Alauda nigra BODDAERT p. 40) BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 46, 1783 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 738, fig. "i" [ = 2] and Buffon's "Alouette noire, a dos fauve," Buenos Aires, coll. Commerson. Alauda rufa GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 792, 1789 — based on the same. Alauda fulva LATHAM, Ind. Orn., 2, p. 492, 1790 — based on the §ame. A[nthus] erythronotos MERREM in Ersch and Gruber, Allgem. Encycl. Wiss. and Kunste, 4, p. 289, 1820 — new name for Alauda rufa GMELIN; Buenos Aires and Paraguay. Sylvia dorsalis KING, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 428, 1827 — Straits of Magellan. Anthus sordidus LESSON", Voyage Coquille, Zool., i (2), p. 664, April 1830 — Talcahuano, Bay of Concepcion, Chile (=9). Anthus variegatus EYDOUX and GERVAIS, Voyage Favorite, 5 (2), p. 38, pi. 15 (=9), 1839— Chile. Anthus fulvus LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 26, 1837 — Patagonia and Corrientes; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me"rid., Ois., p. 223, 1838 — part, Chile, Rio Negro (Patagonia), Corrientes. Muscisaxicola nigra GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 84, 1839 — La Plata, Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, and Chile, as far north as the valley of Copiap6; FRASER, P. Z. S. Lond., n, p. 112, 1843 — Chile; GERMAIN, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 311, 1860 — Santiago (nesting habits); PHILIPPI, Ornis, 4, p. 158, 1888 — Leoncito, Chile. Centrites rufus BIBRA, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 5, p. 129, 1 853 — Santiago. Ptyonura brunnea (not Muscisaxicola brunnea GOULD) BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 248, 1860 — Parana (descr. 9); idem, Reise La Plata St. 2, p. 462, 1 86 1 — Parana. Lessonia nigra BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 248, 1860 — Mendoza, Parana, Santa Fe"; HOLMBERG, Act. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 5, p. 78, 1884 — La Tinta and Sierra Tandil, Prov. Buenos Aires; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 323, 1910 — range in Argentina; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Paraguay; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 36, 1916 — Rio Mendoza and Lujan de Cuyo; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 151, 1918 — Rodriguez Pena, Mendoza; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, San Jose", Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Buenos Aires; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 146, 1920 — Nilahue, Curic6; idem, I.e., 25, p. 184, 1923 — Cordillera of Aconcagua; SERIE and SMYTH, El Hornero, 3, p. 49, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 646, 1924 — Buenos Aires. » Although faulty with respect to the posterior under parts, the description can- not possibly refer to any other Chilean bird. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 35 Centrites niger BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 458, 1861 — Argentina; PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 76, 1865 — Chile; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 326 — Chile, north to Copiap6; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas; idem, Ibis, 1868, p. 187 — Sandy Point; HUDSON, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 87, 333 — Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1871, p. 259 — Buenos Aires; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 177 — Baradero, Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1878, p. 395 — Chubut Valley and Lake Colguape', Sengel Valley; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 432 — Sandy Point; SHARPE, I.e., 1881, p. 8 — Cape Gregory; WHITE, I.e., 1882, p. 604 — San Jose1 de Flores and Sal to, Buenos Aires; DOERING in Roca, Inf. of. Exp. Rio Negro, Zool., I, p. 42, 1881 — from Azul to the Rio Colorado; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 423 — Coquimbo; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 142, 1883 — Concep- cion (Entrerios) and Azul (Buenos Aires); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 134, 1888 — Argentina (habits); WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora, Prov. Buenos Aires; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 61, 1888 — Conchitas, Cosquin (Cordoba) Parana, Chubut, Tierra del Fuego, Cape Gregory, Sandy Point, Coquimbo; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12, "1889," p. 132, Feb. 1890 — Gregory Bay and Elizabeth Is!.; OUSTALET, Miss. Sci. Cap Horn, Zool., 6, p. 657, 1891 — Orange Bay; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1891, p. 16; 1892, p. 199 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; APLIN, I.e., 1894, p. 178 — Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — Rio Tala, Salta; SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 714, 1898 — Coquimbo and Punta Arenas; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 125, 1899 — Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined); SAL- VADORI, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva, (2) 20, p. 616, 1900 — Santa Cruz and Penguin Rookery, Staten Isl.; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Rio Sali, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — same locality; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 42 — Punta Arenas; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Oran, Salta; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 262, 1907 — range; CRAWSHAY, Birds Tierra del Fuego, p. 65, col. pi. (o* 9), 1907 — San Sebas- tian, Rio McClelland, and Cheena Creek; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 114 — Los Ynglases, Aj6, Buenos Aires; GIBSON, I.e., 1918, p. 401 — Cape San Antonio. Centritus niger DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., x, p. 252, 1874 — Ri° Guayquiraro, Corrientes. Lessonia nigra nigra HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 193, 1909 — Barracas al Sud, Buenos Aires. Lessonia rufa PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 323, 1923 — Huanuluan, Rio Negro. Lessonia rufa rufa HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 30, p. 222, 1923 — Corrientes and Buenos Aires (range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 307, 1926 — Buenos Aires, Santa Fe", Neuquen, Uruguay, Mendoza, and Concon, Chile; idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 451, 1926 — Corral Chico, Rio Negro. 1 Range: Chile, from Copiapo southwards; Argentina, from the Pil- comayo and the eastern base of the Andes in provinces of Salta and Tucu- man south to Tierra del Fuego and Staten Island; Uruguay; southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 36 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 20: Argentina (Tucuman i; Concepcion, Tucuman 3; Avellanada, Buenos Aires i; Rio Gallegos, Gob. Santa Cruz i;) Chile (Ramadilla, Copiap6 Valley, Atacama 2 ; Romero, Prov. Coquimbo i ; Concepcion i ; Lake Gualletue", Cautin i ; Quellon, Chiloe Isl. 4, Rio Inio, Chiloe Isl. 4; Rio Nireguao, Prov. Llanquihue" i). *Lessonia rufa oreas (Sclater and Salviri)*. ANDEAN GROUND-TYRANT. Centrites oreas SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 154 — Tinta, Dept. Cuzco, Peru (types examined); idem, Exotic Ornith., p. 191, pi. 96, 1869 — Tinta; ALLEN, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 3, p. 354, 1876 — Lake Titicaca; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 534— Junin; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.C., 1879, p. 612 — Lake Titicaca; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 222, 1884 — Junin and Tinta; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1886, p. 398 — Sacaya, Tarapaca (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 62, 1888 — Tinta, Salinas; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 359 — Ingapirca, Junin; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 128, 1906 — Puno; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 450 — Moreno, Jujuy. Anthus fulvus (not of LATHAM) D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. me'rid., Ois., p. 223, 1838 — part, "Andes Boliviennes" (spec, from Oruro in Paris Museum ex- amined). Centrites niger (not of BODDAERT) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 987 — Salinas (spec, examined). Lessonia nigra oreas MENEGAUX, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, (10) x, p. 214, 1909 — Pulacayo, Oruro. Lessonia oreas DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 323, 1910 — Moreno, Jujuy. Lessonia niger oreas CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Huara- condo Canyon, Calca, and La Raya, Peru. Lessonia rufa oreas HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 30, p. 222, 1923 — Oruro (crit.). Range: Temperate Zone of the Andes of Peru (from Dept. Hudn- uco southwards), western Bolivia (depts. Oruro and La Paz), northern Chile (prov. Tacna, Tarapacd, and Antofagasta), and northwestern Argentina (Puna of Jujuy). 6: Peru (Lake Junin i, Huanuco Viejo 3); Chile, Antofagasta (Rio Loa i, twenty miles east of San Pedro i). • Lessonia rufa oreas (SCLATER and SALVIN) : Differs from L. r. rufa, in the male sex, by decidedly lighter, cinnamon rufous rather than chestnut back, and grayish white instead of deep black inner webs of the primaries. The female is even more different, having the back but little duller rufous than the male; the under parts mostly sooty with dingy brownish edges to the feathers; the under tail-coverts sooty black instead of buffy whitish; the axillars and under wing-coverts sooty instead of cinnamon buff; the inner webs of the primaries more whitish, and by lacking the tinnamomepus alar speculum; size somewhat larger. Wing (male) 78-83, (female) 75^-77! tail 47-53; bill lo-n. Material examined. — Peru: Tinta 6, Salinas i, Huanuco Viejo 3, Junin 2, Lucre, Cuzco 2, Anta, Cuzco 3. Bolivia: Oruro i, Chililaya 2. Chile: Tacora (Tacna) i, Sacaya (Tarapaca) i, Antofagasta 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 37 Genus MYIOTHERETES Reichenbach. Myiotheretes REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 66, March 1850 — type" by subs. desig. (GRAY, 1855, p. 48) Tyrannus rufiventris "D'ORB." = Taenioptera striaticollis SCLATER. Orodynastes RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 208, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Taenioptera striaticollis SCLATER. ^Myiotheretes striaticollis striaticollis (Sclater). STREAKED-THROATED GROUND-TYRANT. Tyrannus rufiventris (not of VIELLOT 1823) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 45, 1837 — Yungas, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. meYid., Ois., p. 312, pi. 32, fig. 3, 1839 — Yungas, near the Rio Meguella, east of La Paz. Myiarchus rufiventris TSCHUDI, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 153, 1846 — Montanas of central Peru. Taenioptera striaticollis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, "1851," p. 193, pi. 42, June 1853 — Ecuador; idem, I.e., 23, p. 77, 1855 (crit.). Myiotheretes striaticollis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 92, 1860 — Puellaro; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 197, 1862 — Bogota and Puellaro; TAC- ZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 532 — Auquimarca; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1874, P- 677 — Ccachupata, Peru; idem, I.e., 1875, p. 234 — Me"rida; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 511 — Medellin, Antioquia; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 610 — Sorata, Tilotilo, Rio Miguella, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Chachapoyas; idem and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 86 — Machay and San Rafael, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 187, 1884 — Auquimarca, Chachapoyas, Ccachupata, Paucal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 9, 1888 — Tilotilo, Sorata, Puellaro, Jima, Sical, Bogota, Me"rida; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 10, 1895 — Cajabamba and Succha (Huamachuco) ; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 355 — Garita del Sol, Pariayacu; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 174, 1898 — Macotama; idem, Proc. New Eng. Zool. CL, i, p. 78, 1899 — El Mamon; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 2, 1899 — Sigsig, Ibarra, and Nanegal; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 700 — Pichincha; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Ibarra; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 112, 1906 — Huay- napata; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£og. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 646, 1911 — Amboasi and Tumbaco; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 453, 1918 — Huancabamba; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 71, 1922 — Cumbaya, above Chaupicruz, Quito, and Pichincha. Orodynastes striaticollis columbianus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 171, 1913 — San Lorenzo, Santa Marta Mts. Orodynastes striaticollis striaticollis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 427, 1917 — Paramillo, Santa Isabel, Fomeque; TODD and CARRIKER, B The markings on the head and throat as well as the shape of the two outer primar- ies, as shown in the drawings, leave no possible doubt as to Myiotheretes having been based on Tyrannus rufiventris LAFRESNAYE and D ORBIGNY, which, furthermore, was formally designated by Gray as its genotype. Sclater's later action (P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 331, 1859), in selecting Tyrannus rufiventris VIEILLOT as type is, there- fore, inadmissible. Orodynastes RIDGWAY, thus becomes a synonym of Myiotheretes, while a new name has to be created for Vieillot's species. 38 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 392, 1922 — San Lorenzo, Cerro de Caracas, San Miguel, and Sierra de Mamarongo; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 23, 1925 — Yungas, Bolivia. Range: Highlands of Venezuela (Andes of Merida), Colombia, Ecu- ador, Peru, and western Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz)». 5: Peru (Chinchao 4, Panao Mts., Dept. Huanuco i). *Myiotheretes striaticollis pallidus Berlepsch*. PALLID GROUND- TYRANT. Myiotheretes striaticollis pallidus BERLEPSCH, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, p. 98, May 1906 — Norco, Prov. Tucuman; idem, Ornis, 14, p. 353, 1907 — Norco; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 25, 1909 — Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 189, 1909 — Norco and Tapia, Tucuman. Tyrannus rufiventris (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Tucuman. Mionectes (!) rufiventris BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 453, 1861 — Tucuman. Myiotheretes striaticollis (not of SCLATER) SALVADOR:, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. ii, 1897 — Lesser, Salta; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 182, 1902 — San Pablo, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 46, 1905 — Rio Sali, San Pablo, Tucuman. Myiotheretes striaticollis subsp. pallidus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 315, 1910 — prov. Tucuman and Salta. Range : Highlands of northwestern Argentina, in provinces of Tucu- man and Salta. i : Argentina (Anfama, Tucuman i). Genus CNEMARCHUS Ridgway. Cnemarchus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 208, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Taenioptera erythropygia SCLATER. *Cnemarchus erythropygius (Sclater). RED-RUMPED GROUND-TYRANT. Taenioptera erythropygia SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, "1851," p. 193, pi. 41, June 1853 — Ecuador. • On comparing some thirty specimens from MeYida and Santa Marta down to Bolivia, I fail to see any racial differentiation in this widely ranging bird. b Myiotheretes striaticollis pallidus BERLEPSCH: Readily distinguished from the typical race by much paler upper parts; much narrower, dusky rather than blackish streaks on throat and foreneck; much lighter under parts; slenderer, smaller bill. Four specimens from Tucuman examined. "Genus Cnemarchus RIDGWAY: Very close to Myiotheretes, but bill very much smaller; tarsus decidedly longer; tip of two outer primaries (in adult male) not emarginate; tail proportionately longer. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 39 Myiotheretes erythropygius SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 28, p. 78, 1860 — Panza; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 197, 1862 — Panza; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 677 — Ccachupata; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 187, 1884 — Ccachupata; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 87 — San Rafael; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 9, 1888 — Panza, Sical, Quito, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, P- 355 — Pariayacu, Maraynioc; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 2, 1899 — Chaupi (Illiniza); GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 700 — Pichincha and Guamani Pass; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 71, 1922 — same localities. Cnemarchus erythropygius CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 86, 1921 — Cedrobamba, Dept. Cuzco. Range: Highlands of Ecuador and Peru. 4: Peru (Huanuco Mts., Huanuco 4). Cnemarchus rufipennis (Taczanowski}*. RUFOUS-WINGED GROUND- TYRANT. Muscisaxicola rufipennis TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 134 — Maraynioc, Junin; idem, I.e., p. 533 — same locality; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., p. 678 — Ccachupata, Dept. Cuzco; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1879, p. 233 — Agua Blanca, Dept. Cajamarca; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 221, 1884 — Maraynioc, Agua Blanca, Ccachupata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 60, 1888 — Ccachupata; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. n, 1895 — Huamachuco, Dept. Libertad; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 359 — Maraynioc (Pariayacu); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 468, 1907 — Bolivia (crit.). Range: Andes of Peru (from Dept. Cajamarca south) and Bolivia (Cocapata, Dept. La Paz). NEOXOLMIS genus nov.b *Neoxolmis rufiventris ( Vieilloi). CHOCOLATE TYRANT. Tyrannus rufiventris VIEILLOT°, Tabl. enc. meth., Orn., 2, livr. 93, p. 856, 1823 — based on Azara, No. 205, Montevideo. a Although diverging from the genotype by somewhat longer second primary and much more elongated bill, this peculiar species seems more properly referable to Cnemarchus than to any other genus. Material examined. — Peru: Chipa, Dept. Junin i. Bolivia: Cocapata, Dept. La Paz i. b Neoxolmis genus nov. Somewhat like Myiotheretes, but tarsus much longer (about twice as long as mid- dle toe without claw); claw of hallux decidedly longer than its digit; wing relatively longer and much more pointed; outermost primary much longer, equalling or exceed- ing second; rictal bristles hardly apparent. Type Tyrannus rufiventris VIEILLOT. 0 In Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 35, p. 93, 1819, the bird is described only under the French vernacular name "Le Pepoaza a ventre rougeatre." 4Q FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pepoaza variegata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 63, 1837 — Patagonia (type in Paris Museum examined; =juv.); D'OR- BIGNY, Voyage Amer. me'rid., Ois., p. 349, pi. 39, fig. 2, 1839 — Ilha de los Jabalis, Bay of San Bias, Patagonia. Xolmis variegata GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 55, pi. n, 1839 — Mai- donado (Uruguay), Bahia Blanca (Patagonia). Myiotheretes rufiventris SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 196, 1862 — Parana; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 138, 141 — Conchitas, near Buenos Aires; idem, Ibis, 1868, p. 187 — Possession Bay, Tierra del Fuego; DURNFORD, I.e., 1877, p. 175 — Moreno and PuntaLara, Prov. Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1878, p.394 — Chuput, Patagonia; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 603 — Monte Grande, Prov. Buenos Aires; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt.Orn.Cl., 8, p. 140, 1883 — Concepcion del Uruguay, Entrerios; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., I, p. 112, 1888 — Argentina; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 464 — Lomas de Za- mora, Prov. Buenos Aires; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 8, 1888 — Buenos Aires, Parand, Maldonado, Chubut; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Cienc. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; OUSTALET, Miss. Scient. Cap Horn, 6, p. 651, 1891 — Missionares, Tierra del Fuego; APLIN, Ibis, 1894, p. 175 — Uruguay; HOLMBERG, Seg. Censo Rep. Arg., i, p. 534, 1898; CRAWSHAY, Birds Tierra del Fuego, p. 60, col. pi., 1907 — Useless Bay; HARTERT and VEN- TURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 189, 1909 — Barracas al Sud, Prov. Buenos Aires; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 315, 1910 (range); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. no — Los Ynglases, Aj6, Prov. Buenos Aires; GIBSON, I.e., 1918, P- 397 — Cape San Antonio, Prov. Buenos Aires; TREMOLERAS, El Hornero, 2, p. 20, 1920 — Colonia, Flores, Rio Negro, Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 320, 1923 — Huanuluan, Rio Negro; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922- 23, p. 644, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., 24, p. 447, 1926 — Arroyo Seco and Cerro Anecon Grande, Rio Negro. Taenioptera variegata BURMEISTER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 635 — vicinity of Buenos Aires; HUDSON, I.e., 1870, p. 333, 545 — Buenos Aires (habits). Taenioptera australis PHILIPPI, Arch Naturg., 45 (i), p. 158, pi. 9 (= o* ad.), 1879 — Dinamarqcure, Patagonia; BURMEISTER, I.e., 47 (i), p. 133, 1881 — Buenos Aires (crit., descr. c? 9 , habits). Range: Breeding in Tierra del Fuego and southern Patagonia, migrating in winter as far north as Cordoba, Buenos Aires, Entrerios, and Uruguay. i: Argentina (Noetinger, Prov. Cordoba i). Genus OCHTHODIAETA Cabanis and Heine. Ochthodiaeta CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 48, 1859 — type by orig. desig. Tyrannula fumigata BOISSONNEAU. *Ochthodiaeta fumigata fumigata (Boissonneau}. SMOKY GROUND- TYRANT. Tyrannula fumigata BOISSONNEAU, Rev. Zool., 3, p. 71, 1840 — Santa F6 de Bogota. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 41 Tyrannula boissonneaui BONAPARTE, Consp. Av., i, p. 191, 1850 — new name for Tyrannula fumigate BOISSONNEAU. Tyrannus fumigatus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — Bogota. Ochthoeca fumigata SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 554, 1858 — Matos, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 28, p. 67, 1860 — Chillanes; idem, I.e., 1871, p. 749 — Colombia and Ecuador. Ochthodiaeta fumigatus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 532 — Maraynioc and Chilpes; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Cutervo; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1884, p. 294 — La Union; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 17, 1888 — Bogota, Santa Elena, Chiquinda, Matos, Chillanes; BERLEPSCH and STOLZ- MANN, I.e., 1896, p. 355 — Culumachay (Maraynioc) ; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 700 — Pichincha and Papallacta. Ochthodiaeta fumigata SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 511 — Santa Elena; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 188, 1884 — Chilpes, Maraynioc, Cutervo, Paucal; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 87 — La Union and San Rafael; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 2, 1899 — Pun and Papallacta; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geogr. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 646, 1911 — Frutillas; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 427, 1917 — Andes west of Popayan, Almaguer, Laguneta, Santa Isabel, Choachi; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 71, 1922 — Verdecocha road to Mindo. Range: Andes of Colombia (except Santa Marta range), Ecuador and Peru, south to Junina. 5: Colombia (Bogotd 2); Peru (Panao Mountains, Dept. Huan- uco 3). Ochthodiaeta fumigata lugubris Berlepschb. MERIDA GROUND-TYRANT. Ochthodiaeta lugubris BERLEPSCH, Ibis, (5) i, p. 492, 1883 — MeYida, Venezuela; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 17, 1888 — MeYida. Ochthoeca fumigata (not of BOISSONNEAU) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — upper wood region of MeYida. Range : Andes of Merida, western Venezuela. Ochthodiaeta signata Taczanowski". JELSKI'S GROUND-TYRANT. Ochthodiaeta signatus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 532 — Auquimarca and Nmabamba, Dept. Junin; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 17, 1888 — Peru. s Material examined. — "Bogota" 6, "Quito" 2, Pichincha 3, Papallacta i, Panao Mts. 3. b Ochthodiaeta fumigata lugubris BERLEPSCH: Similar to 0. f. fumigata, but under tail-coverts deep ochraceous instead of sooty brown like the abdomen. Four speci- mens examined. 0 We are not acquainted with this species which is known only from the two origi- nal examples secured by the late C. Jelski in Peru. I 42 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ochthodiaeta signata TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 189, 1884 — Auquimarca and Ninabamba. Range: Andes of central Peru (Dept. Junin). Ochthodiaeta fuscorufa SCLATER and SALVIN. RUFOUS-BELLIED GROUND-TYRANT. Ochthodiaeta fuscorufus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 354 — Tilotilo, Prov. Yungas, Bolivia (type) and Paucartambo, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 610 — Tilotilo; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 190, 1884 — Paucar- tambo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 18, pi. 5, 1888 — Tilotilo, Paucar- tambo. Range: Andes of Bolivia (Tilotilo, Dept. La Paz; Incachaca, Dept. Cochabamba) and southeastern Peru (Paucartambo, Dept. Cuzco)». Ochthodiaeta pernix Bangsb. SANTA MARTA GROUND-TYRANT. Ochthodiaeta pernix BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 95, 1899 — Macotama, Santa Marta range (type in Mus. Comp. Zoology examined); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 152, 1900 — San Lorenzo. Octhodiaeta pernix TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 391, pi. 5, 1922 — San Lorenzo and Cerro de Caracas. Range : Temperate Zone of the Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia. Genus OCHTHOECA Cabanis. Ochthoeca CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 255, 1847 — type by subs, desig. (Gray, 1855, p. 48), Fluvicola oenanthoides LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. *Ochthoeca oenanthoides oenanthoides (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). D'ORBIGNY'S CHAT-TYRANT. Fluvicola oenanthoides LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 60, 1837 — La Paz, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'OR- BIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me"rid., Ois., p. 344, pi. 38, fig. 2, 1839 — La Paz. Ochthoeca oenanthoides SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Bolivia alta (ex D'ORBIGNY); SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 610 — part, La Paz (ex D'OR- BIGNY); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 192, 1884 — part, descr. of type in Paris Museum; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 25, 1909 — Tilcara, Jujuy (spec, examined). • One adult male from Incachaca, Bolivia, in collection of American Museum of Natural History (No. 137425) examined. b Ochthodiaeta pernix BANGS: Nearest to O. fuscorufa, but with longer bill; upper parts darker, bister brown; the hazel double wing band barely suggested by narrow apical edges of dull ferruginous on median and greater coverts; throat conspicuously streaked with dusky; chest clouded with dusky, producing a kind of spotting; abdo- men and under tail-coverts much deeper, cinnamon rufous rather than ochraceous tawny. Wing (adult male, the type) 102; tail 87; bill 23. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 43 Ochthoeca polionota pacifica BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 354, Feb. 1907 — La Paz, Bolivia (type examined). Ochthoeca oenanthoides oenanthoides HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 164, 1914 — La Paz and Sajatna, Bolivia, and Jujuy, Argentina (crit., descr.). Muscisaxicola morenoi BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, xx, p. 258, 1904 — Santa Catalina, Jujuy*. • According to Dr. Dabbene (in litt.) and a colored sketch of the type specimen forwarded to me. Range: Andes of Bolivia (La Paz; Sajama, Oruro), northern Chile (Prov. Tacna), and northwestern Argentina (prov. Jujuy and Tucu- mdn)a. 6: Chile (Putre, Prov. Tacna 3); Argentina (Colalao del Valle, Prov. Tucumdn 3). *Ochthoeca oenanthoides polionota Sclater and Salvinb. SOOTY-BACKED CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca polionota SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond. for Nov. 1869, p. 599, 1870 — Pitumarca, Dep. Cuzco (type examined); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 533 — part, Maraynioc; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 193, 1884 — Maraynioc; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 20, 1888 — Pitumarca, Maraynioc; BER- LEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 365 — Ingapirca and Queta, Dept. Junin (spec, examined); idem, Ornis, 13, p. 127, 1906 — Puno; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 10, 1895 — Huamachuco, Dept. Libertad (spec, examined). Ochthoeca oenanthoides polionota HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 165, 1914 — Ollachea, near Macusanai, Dept. Puno, and Queta, near Tarma, Dept. Junin (crit., descr.); idem, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 38, 1920 — Ollachea, Puno; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 87, 1921 — Cuzco, La Raya, Tirapata, Limbani, Puno. Range: Andes of Peru, from depts. Libertad (Huamachuco) and Hudnuco south to Cuzco and Puno. 2: Peru (La Quinua, Dept. Hudnuco 2). a Birds from Argentina and La Paz appear to be identical while those from Tacna and Sajama, by slightly darker coloration, point to O. o. polionota. MEASUREMENTS WING TAIL Two males from La Paz, Bolivia 83,83^ 68,68 One female from La Paz 78 69 One female from Sajama, Oruro 79 69 Three males from Prov. Tucumdn 80-8 1 68-70 One male from Tilcara, Jujuy 80 68 One male from Putre, Tacna 85 74 Two females from Putre 80,80 70,71 b Ochthoeca oenanthoides polionota SCLATER and SALVIN: Differs from O. o. oenan- thoides by larger size, much darker sooty upper parts without trace of buffy tips to greater wing-coverts, sooty gray (instead of whitish) throat, much deeper rufous belly, fulvous (instead of buffy or whitish) under tail-coverts, much darker axillaries, etc. Wing 87-91, (female) 83; tail 73-76, (female) 70; bill 12-13. Material examined. — Peru: Huamachuco i, La Quinua 2, Queta, Tarma i, Pitu- marca 3, Ollachea 2, Anta, near Cuzco 2, Lauramarca i. 44 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Ochthoeca superciliosa Sclater and Salvin*. RUFOUS-BROWED CHAT- TYRANT. Ochthoeca superciliosa SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lend, for Nov. 1870, p. 786, 1871 — Paramos of Me'rida; SCLATER, I.e., 1871, p. 750 — Venezuela alta; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 19, 1888 — Paramos of Merida. Range: Andes of Merida, western Venezuela. 5: Venezuela (Montanas Sierra i, Conejos i, Escorial i, Rio Mucuj6n 2). ^Ochthoeca fumicolorb fumicolor Sclater. SMOKE-BROWN CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca fumicolor SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, p. 28, pi. 1 17, June 1856 — Bogota; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 198, 1862 — part, spec, a, Bogota; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 749 — part, Colombia; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 19, 1888 — Bogotd; STONE, Proc. Ac. N. Sci. Phila., 51, p. 306, 1899 — Bogota. Ochthoeca oenanthoides (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 192, 1884 — part, "Nouvelle Grenade." Ochthoeca fumicolor fumicolor HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 165, 1914 — Bogota (diag.). Ochthoeca oenanthoides fumicolor CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 428, 1917 — Choachi, Chipaque, El Pifion, Palo Hueco, La Mar, Pradera, Eastern Andes (spec, examined). Range: Eastern Andes of Colombia (Bogota region), north to San- tander (Paramo de Tama, on the Venezuelan line)c. 6: Colombia (Bogota i, Choachi i, Palo Hueco i); Venezuela (Paramo de Tama 3). ^Ochthoeca fumicolor brunneifrons Berlepsch and Stolzmann*. BROWN- FRONTED CHAT-TYRANT. • Ochthoeca superciliosa SCLATER and SALVIN, while nearly allied to O. fumi- color, nevertheless differs very decidedly by deep cinnamon rufous superciliaries and belly, white under tail-coverts, pure white outer web of the outermost rectrix, and much darker coloration of upper parts, throat and foreneck. The lower surface is even much darker than in 0. f. berlepschi. Nineteen specimens examined. b As pointed out in another connection (see Nov. Zool., 21, p. 163, 1914), the O. fumicolor group obviously is specifically distinct from O. oenanthoides. 0 The birds from Paramo de Tama generally have the breast slightly duller and the flanks less rufescent, but this rather insignificant divergency is not quite constant. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 6, Chipaque 3, El Pifion 3, La Mar i, Paramo de Choachi 2, Palo Hueco i. Venezuela: Paramo de Tama 3. d Ochthoeca fumicolor brunneifrons BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN: Similar to O. f. fumicolor, but larger; wing bands narrower; posterior portion of superciliary stripe deep ochraceous; belly much brighter, more of a cinnamon rufous hue, this color extending up to the foreneck ; back more rufous brown. Material examined. — Colombia: Santa Elena 4. Ecuador: Sanjas i, Quito 4, Pichincha 4, Cechce i. Peru: Cutervo i, Molinopampa i, Mts. near Balsas i, Hudnuco Mts. 3, Maraynioc 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 45 Ochthoeca oenanthoides brunneifrons BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 355 — Maraynioc, Dept. Junin, Peru (type in Berlepsch Collection examined); HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Cayambe, northern Ecuador; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"ogr. Arc M6rid. Equat., 9, p. 647, 1911 — Chambo, Pichincha; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 428, 1917 — Paramillo, Andes west of Popayan, Valle de las Pappas, Santa Isabel, Santa Elena, Colombia; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 22, p. 71, 1922 — below Lloa, below Nono, and Chinquil, Ecuador. Ochthoeca fumicolor (not of SCLATER, 1856) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 554, 1858 — Titiacun, near Riobamba; idem, I.e., 28, p. 79, 1860 — Panza; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, 1862, p. 198 — part, spec, b, Titiacun; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 749 — part, Ecuador; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 511 — Santa Elena (spec, examined); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Cutervo; idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 191, 1884 — Maraynioc, Paucal; BERLEPSCH and TAC- ZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 295 — Cechce, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 87 — San Rafael, Tunguragua. Ochthoeca polionota (errore) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 533 — part, Maraynioc (spec, examined). Ochthoeca oenanthoides (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 20, 1888 — part, spec, a-i, Santa Elena, Medellin (Colombia), Sical, Maravina, Panza, Titiacun (Ecuador); GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — Pichincha, Mojanda, Papallacta. Ochthoeca brunneifrons SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 170, 1899 — El Troje, Chaupi, Papallacta. Ochthoeca fumicolor brunneifrons HELLMAYH, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 166, 1914 — Peru and Ecuador (crit., descr., range). Range: Andes of Peru (from Dept. Junin northwards) and Ecua- dor; Western and Central Andes of Colombia. 6: Ecuador (Sanjas i); Peru (Molinopampa i, Mountains east of Balsas i, Huanuco Mts. 3). Ochthoeca fumicolor berlepschi Hellmayr*. BERLEPSCH'S CHAT- TYRANT. Ochthoeca fumicolor berlepschi HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 167, 1914 — Malaga, western Bolivia; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 87, 1921 — above Matchu Picchu, Dept. Cuzco. Ochthoeca oenanthoides (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 600 — Bolivia; idem, I.e., 1874, p. 677 — Ccachupata, Peru (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 1879, p. 610 — part, "Mapiri," Bolivia; • Ochthoeca fumicolor berlepschi HELLMAYR: Similar to O. f. brunneifrons on the under parts, but easily recognizable by the light grayish hair brown (instead of deep brown) pileum and hindneck, paler (grayish brown rather than deep sooty brown) auriculars, and much narrower, yellowish white superciliaries ; the rufous of the abdomen, too, is somewhat brighter. Wing (male) 84-85; tail 73-77; bill 12^-13. Material examined. — Peru: Ccachupata 2, Limbani i. Bolivia: Malaga 2, above Chaco i. 46 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 192, 1884 — part, Ccachupata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 20, 1888 — part, spec, j-n, Ccachupata, "Mapiri," Bolivia. Range: Andes of southeastern Peru (in depts. Cuzco and Puno) and western Bolivia (Dept. La Paz). Ochthoeca leucophrys piurae Chapman*. PIURA CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca piurae CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 3, June 1924 — Palambla, Piura, Peru (type examined). Range: Northwestern Peru (Dept. Piura). ^Ochthoeca leucophrys leucometopa Sclater and Salvinb. PERUVIAN CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca leucometopa SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 19 — "W. Peru, Prov. Cuzco (Whitely) ; district of Junin (Jelski)" (the type examined in the British Museum is from Chihuata, above Arequipa) ; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1879, p. 232 — Chota, Dept. Cajamarca; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Cutervo; SCLATER, I.e., 1881, p. 487 — Andes above Lima; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 193, 1884 — Huanta, Tarma, Acancocha, Chota, Cutervo, Paucartambo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 21, pi. 6, 1888 — Chihuata, Tinta, Paucar- tambo, Islay, Acancocha, Andes of Lima; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 10, 1895 — Huamachuco, Cajabamba, Cajamarca (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 356 — Acobamba and Tarma, Dept. Junin. Octhoeca leucophrys (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 986 — Islay and Chihuata, Dept. Arequipa; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 569 — west slope of the Andean range, Peru. Octhoeca leucophrys SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 154 — Tinta. Ochthoeca leucophrys SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Peruvia alta. Ochthoeca leucophrys SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 780 — Paucartambo; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 533 — Huanta, Dept. Ayacucho, and Acancocha; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1874, p. 677 — Paucartambo. Ochthoeca leucophrys leucometopa HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 39, 1920 — Lucre, Anta, Lauramarca, and Urubamba, Dept. Cuzco (crit.); CHAP- MAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 87, 1921 — Urubamba region. • Ochthoeca leucophrys piurae CHAPMAN: Agreeing with O. I. leucophrys in having two well-defined, bright tawny wing bands and whitish edges to the secondaries; but much smaller; lower rump washed with rufous brown (like tucumana), and under parts much whiter, only a restricted area on the chest being tinged with paler gray. Wing (one male) 61 ; tail 57; bill 12. b Ochthoeca leucophrys leucometopa SCLATER and SALVIN: Differs from O. I. leu- cophrys by lacking the two well-defined tawny bands across the wings. Birds from the more northern parts of Peru average rather darker and browner above than those from Matucana, Arequipa, and Tacna. Material examined. — Peru: Cajamarca 7, Cajabamba 4, Celendin i, Huama- chuco 5, Cullcui i, Macate i, Huanuco 6, Matucana 3, Chihuata (the type) i, Lucre, Cuzco 12, Anta, Cuzco 4, Urubamba i. Chile, Prov. Tacna: Palca i, Putre 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 47 Range: Temperate Zone of the Andes of Peru (from Dept. Caja- marca southwards) and northwestern Chile (Prov. Tacna). 15: Peru (Cajamarca i; Cullcui, Maranon River i; Macate, Dept. Ancachs i; La Quinua, Huanuco 4, Huanuco Mts. 2; Matucana 3); Chile (Putre, Prov. Tacna 3). Ochthoeca leucophrys leucophrys (Lqfresnaye and D'Orbigny). WHITE- BROWED CHAT-TYRANT. Fluvicola leucophrys LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 60, 1837 — Sicasica, Bolivia (types in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 345, pi. 38, fig. i, 1839 — vicinity of Enquisivi, Prov. Sicasica. Ochthoeca leucophrys SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 610 — La Paz, Inquisivi, Tilotilo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 21, 1888 — Tilotilo, Bolivia. Range: Andes of Bolivia (depts. La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz)a. *Ochthoeca leucophrys tucumana Berlepschb. TUCUM^N CHAT-TYRANT, Ochthoeca leucophrys tucumana BERLEPSCH, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, p. 98, June 1906 — Norco, Tucuman; idem, Ornis, 14, p. 353, 1907 — Norco; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 190, 1909 — Norco, La Cienaga, Prov. Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 317, 1910 — Sierra de Tucuman, Fuerte de Andalgala (Catamarca), Chilecito (La Rioja). Ochthoeca leucophrys (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 603 — Fuerte de Andalgala, Catamarca; SCLATER and HUDSON, Argent. Ornith., i, p. 121, 1888 — Fuerte de Andalgala; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; HOLMBERG, Seg. Censo Rep. Arg., i, p. $34, 1898 — part, Argentina; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — Yerba Buena, Cebil Redondo, Tafi Viejo, Prov. Tucumdn; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — same localities. Ochthoeca leucophrys subsp. tucumana LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 25, 1919 — • Yerba Buena, Tucuman. Range: Andes of western Argentina, in provinces of La Rioja, Catamarca, and Tucumdn. 7: Argentina (Anfama, Tucuman i; Aconquija, Tucuman i; Las Pavas, Tucuman 5). » Two specimens from Sicasica and one from La Paz examined. b Ochthoeca leucophrys tucumana BERLEPSCH: Nearest to O. I. leucophrys, but lower back decidedly tinged with rufous ; wing bands wider and deeper hazel ; edges to secondaries broader and darker, cinnamon rufous rather than buffy or whitish. Wing (male) 78, (female) 73; tail 74, (female) 69; bill 13. Material examined. — Tucuman (Norco, Anfama, La Cienaga, Concepcion, Las Pavas) 15. 48 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ochthoeca rufipectoralis rufipectoralis (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny)*. RUFOUS-BREASTED CHAT-TYRANT. Flwricola rufi-pectoralis LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 60, 1837 — Ayupaya, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me"rid., Ois., p. 345, pi. 37, fig. 2, 1839 — vicinity of Palca, Prov. Ayupaya, Bolivia. Ochthoeca rufipectoralis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Bolivia. Ochthoeca rufipectoralis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 6n — Palca (Ayupaya), Ramosani, Tilotilo (Yungas); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 23, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, Tilotilo and Ramosani, Bolivia. Ochthoeca rufipectoralis rufipectoralis HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 41, 1920 — Limbani and Marcapata, Carabaya (crit.). Range: Temperate Zone of the Andes of Bolivia (depts. La Paz and Cochabamba) and extreme southeastern Peru (Sierra of Cara- baya, Dept. Puno). Ochthoeca rufipectoralis tectricialis Chapman*. URUBAMBA CHAT- TYRANT. Ochthoeca rufipectoralis tectricialis CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 88, July 1921 — Huaracondo Canyon (type), above Matchu Picchu and above Torontoy, Urubamba region, Peru (spec, examined). Ochthoeca rufipectoralis (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 780, 781 — Ccachupata, Dept. Cuzco (crit.); SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1874, P- 678 — Ccachupata; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 194, 1884 — Ccachupata (descr.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 23, 1888 — part, spec, f, Ccachupata. Ochthoeca lessoni (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 533 — Maraynioc, Pumamarca; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 195, 1884, — part, Maraynioc, Pumamarca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 23, 1888 — part, middle Peru; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 357 — Maraynioc, Dept. Junin. Range: Southern Peru, in depts. Junin (Maraynioc, Rumicruz) and Cuzco (upper Urubamba Valley). • Ochthoeca r. rufipectoralis (LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) is characterized by the complete absence of rufous markings on the upper wing-coverts and secondaries, the sooty back, and by the deep rufous of the pectoral area being carried up to the base of the bill. Wing 69-72; tail 60-65 ; bill 1 1. Birds from Limbani, Carabaya appear to be identical with the Bolivian ones. Material examined. — Bolivia: Ayupaya i, Cocapata 4. Peru: Limbani 4. b Ochthoeca rufipectoralis tectricialis CHAPMAN: Nearly allied to, and closely re- sembling O. r. rufipectoralis on the under parts, but greater upper wing-coverts nar- rowly (about i to 2 mm. wide) margined with hazel and back more brownish. Wing 65-70; tail 54-61; bill H-I2. Material examined. — Peru: Torontoy 2; Matchu Picchu i; Maraynioc i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 49 *Ochthoeca rufipectoralis centralis subsp. nov.» ZIMMER'S CHAT- TYRANT. Ochthoeca lessoni (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 232 — Tambillo; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Cutervo; idem, I.e., 1882, p'. 18 — Tamia- pampa; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 195, 1884 — part, Tambillo, Cutervo, Tamia- pampa, Paucal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 23, 1888 — part, northern Peru. Range : Temperate Zone of the Andes of northern Peru, from depts. Cajamarca and Amazonas south to Huanuco. 10: Peru (Molinopampa 2, Panao Mts. 5, Huanuco Mts. 3). *Ochthoeca rufipectoralis rufopectus (Lesson), LESSON'S CHAT-TYRANT. Tyrannulus rufopectus LESSON, ficho du Monde Savant, n, No. 10, p. 233, Aug. 1844 — "Colombie" =Bogotd; idem, Oeuvr. compl. Buffon, e"d. LeVdque, 20, [ = Descr. Mammif. et Ois.], p. 296, 1847 — Colombia. Octhoeca lessoni ScLATERb, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, p. 28, June 1856 — new name for Tyrannulus rufopectus LESSON 1847; idem, I.e., 26, p. 554, 1856 — Matos; idem, I.e., 28, p. 63, 68, 1860 — Chillanes; idem, I.e., 28, p. 92, 1860 — above Puellaro. Ochthoeca lessoni SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Colombia alta; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 511 — Santa Elena; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1884, p. 295 — Cechce, La Union, Tribulpata, Chaguarpata; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 87 — Bafios; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 23, 1888 — part, Colombia, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — Chaupi, Frutillas, Pun, Papallacta; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — Pichincha, Aloag, Mojanda Pass, Papallacta; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"ogr. Mes. Arc Me"rid. Equat., 9, p. 648, 1911 — Gualea; CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 429, 1917 — Paramillo Trail, Andes west of Popayan, Laguneta, Almaguer, Valle de las Pappas, Palo Hueca; L6NNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — Chinquil, below Nono, road to Nanegal. Range: Temperate Zone of the Andes of Colombia (except Santa Marta region), Ecuador, and northwestern Peru (Dept. Piura)0. • Ochthoeca rufipectoralis centralis subsp. nov. Type from Panao Mountains, alt. 10,300 ft., Dept. Huanuco, Peru in Field Mu- seum of Natural History, No. 56653. Adult female. July 4, 1922. J. T. Zimmer. Very close to O. r. rufopectus, but rufous of pectoral area decidedly brighter and purer, less shaded with grayish; back more brownish; hazel wing bands slightly narrower. Not unlike O. r. tectricialis, but the rufous below rather paler and less extended abdominally as well as anteriorly, and greater wing-coverts much more broadly tipped with hazel (3-4 mm. wide against 1-2 mm. in tectricialis). Wing 71-72, (female) 65-69; tail 61-63, (female) 57-63; bill 11-12. Birds from Molinopampa are intermediate to 0. r. rufopectus. Material examined. — Molinopampa 2, Huanuco Mts. 3, Panao Mts. 5. b Proposed as a substitute name on the assumption that Tyrannulus rufopectus LESSON 1847 was preoccupied by Tyrannula rufipectus LAFRESNAYE 1846. Lesson's species, was, however, for the first time described in 1844, so there is no reason for rejecting his name. 0 Specimens from El Tambo, between Palambla and Huancabamba are referable to this race (F. M. Chapman, in litt.). Twenty-eight specimens from Colombia and Ecuador examined. 50 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 7: Colombia (Bogotd i, coast range west of Popayan i, Alma- guer i), Ecuador (Chical 3, Hoyaucshi i). Ochthoeca rufipectoralis poliogastra Salvin and Godman*. GRAY- BELLIED CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca poliogastra SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (4) 4, p. 123, 1880 — Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 24, 1888 — same locality; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 96, 1899 — Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Ochthoeca poliogaster BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 174, 1898 — Macotama. Octhoeca poliogastris TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 390, 1922 — Paramo de Macotama, Cerro de Caracas, Macotama, Paramo de Mamarongo, Paramo de Chiruqua. Range: Santa Marta Mountains in northern Colombia. *Ochthoeca nigrita Sclater and Salvinb. BLACK CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca nigrita SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 787, 1871 — Paramos of MeYida, Venezuela; SCLATER, I.e., 1871, p. 750 — MeYida; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 25, 1888 — part, Andes of Venezuela. Range : Andes of Merida, western Venezuela. 2: Venezuela, Andes of Merida (Nevados 2). *Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris (Lafresnaye). CHESTNUT-BELLIED CHAT-TYRANT. Muscicapa cinnamomeiventris LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 291, 1843 — "Co- lombie" = Bogota. Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Columbia alta; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 511 — Envigado and Santa Elena; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 87 — Machay and San Rafael, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 24, 1888 — Bogota, Envigado, Santa Elena, Medellin (Colombia), Jima (Ecuador); GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — Lloa and Pichincha; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 429, 1917 — N6vita Trail, Cerro Munchique, Salento, Rio Toche", La Palma, Aguadita, Chipaque; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72 1922 — Baeza, road to Napo, Ecuador. Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia and eastern Ecuador. 3: Colombia (Bogota i, La Palma i, Paramo de Tama i). • Ochthoeca rufipectoralis poliogastra SALVIN and GODMAN: Agreeing with 0. r. rufopeclus in width of cinnamon-rufous wing-band, but slightly larger; crown mummy brown (not dusky gray), hardly different from color of back; superciliaries less distinct, tinged with buffy on posterior portion; abdomen light gray instead of white. Wing 72-74; tail 63-66; bill 12. Material examined. — Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta 6. b Ochthoeca nigrita SCLATER and SALVIN is very closely related to O. thoracica, from which it mainly differs by smaller size and absence of chestnut pectoral band. Both are probably geographic races of 0. cinnamomeiventris. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 51 *Ochthoeca thoracica Taczanowski. CHESTNUT-BREASTED CHAT- TYRANT. Ochthoeca thoracica TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 133 — Chilpes, Vitoc, Dept. Junin; idem, I.e., p. 533 — Chilpes and Higos; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 233 — Tambillo; SCLATER and SAL VIM, I.e., 1879, p. 611 — Tilotilo, Prov. Yungas; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Tamiapampa; idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 197, 1884 — Chilpes, Higos, Tambillo, Tamiapampa; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 25, 1888 — Tilotilo; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — Bolivia; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 357 — Maraynioc, Dept. Junin; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., i, No. 20, p. 322, 1910 — Cumpang, Prov. Huallaga; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 40, 1920 — Chuhuasi, Dept. Puno (crit.) ; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 88, 1921 — above Torontoy, Urubamba region. Ochthoeca nigrita (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 197, 1884 — Tambillo (=juv.). Range : Andes of Peru (from depts. Cajamarca and Amazonas south- wards) and Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba)*. 2: Peru (Molinopampa 2). Ochthoeca albidiadema albidiadema (Lajresnaye) . WHITE-FRONTED CHAT-TYRANT. Setophaga albidiadema LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., u, p. 8, 1848 — "Colombie" = Bogota. Ochthoeca albidiema SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 199, 1862 — Bogotd; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Columbia; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 22, 1888 — Bogotd. Ochthoeca albidiedema CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 428, 1917 — Tocaimito, Eastern Andes. Range: Temperate Zone of the Eastern Andes of Colombia (Bogota region). Ochthoeca albidiadema frontalis (Lajresnaye), YELLOW-FRONTED CHAT-TYRANT. Tyrannula frontalis LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 10, p. 70, 1847 — Pasto, "in Peruvia" = Colombia; Stone, Auk, 16, p. 78, 1899 (crit.). • In birds from northern Peru the chestnut pectoral zone is somewhat narrower than in those from southeastern Peru and Bolivia. No material from the type locality is available. The northern form has since been described by F. M. Chapman (Amer. Mus. Novit., 231, p. 2, 1926) as Ochthoeca thoracica angustifasciata (type from La Lejia ,north of Chachapoyas, Dept. Amazonas). Specimens examined. — Peru: Molinopampa 2, Tamiapampa i, Leimabamba 2, Chachapoyas i, Limbani, Carabaya i, Santo Domingo i, Chuhuasi 4. Bolivia: Chaco 4, Sandillani, Western Yungas i, Quebrada Onda, Eastern Yungas 2. 52 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ochthoeca citrinifrons SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 1862, p. 113 — highlands of Ecua- dor"; idem, I.e., 1871, p. 750 — Ecuador; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 22, pi. 7, fig. i, 1888 — Ecuador, part; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Bull. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 2, 1899 — part, Chinguil (Lloa), Prov. Pichincha; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — part, west side of Pinchincha. Ochthoeca frontalis STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 50 — Pasto (crit. on type); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 428, 1917 — Santa Isabel, Colombia; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geogr. Mes. Arc Mend, fiquat., 9, p. 847, 1911 — Lloa and Frutillas; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — below Lloa, Nanegal, and below Nono. Range : Western Ecuador, and Western and Central Andes of Col- ombia (Pasto, Santa Isabel)15. Ochthoeca albidiadema orientalis Chapman". EASTERN YELLOW- FRONTED CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca frontalis orientalis CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 4, 1924 — Oyacachi, upper Papallacta River, Ecuador. Ochthoeca citrinifrons (not of SCLATER 1862) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 22, 1888 — Ecuador, part; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 2, 1899 — part, Papallacta; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — part, Papallacta. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Oyacachi, Papallacta). Ochthoeca albidiadema jelskii Taczanowski*. JELSKI'S CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca jelskii TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 71 — Montana de Nancho [ = Paucal], Dept. Cajamarca; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 198, 1884 — same locality. Ochthoeca pulchella (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 22, 1888 — part, Peru; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 10, 1895 — Cajabamba. Ochthoeca pulchella jelskii CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H., 55, p. 474, 1926 — Guachanamd, San Bartolo and Celica (Ecuador), Palambla and El Tambo (Peru). Range: Northwestern Peru (Nancho, Cajabamba, Palambla), and adjacent section of southwestern Ecuador (Celica, San Bartolo, Gua- chanama). • Chapman (Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 4, 1924) suggests vicinity of Quito as type locality. b Nine specimens from western Ecuador examined. c Ochthoeca albidiadema orientalis CHAPMAN: Very close to 0. a. frontalis, but crown more blackish, back darker brown, under parts darker gray, with less white on abdomen, flanks slightly deeper ochraceous. Two specimens from Papallacta examined. d Ochthoeca albidiadema jelskii TACZANOWSKI: Differs from the Ecuadorian races by much more rufous, almost chestnut brown back, paler under parts, and by having two well-defined bands of rich hazel across the wing. Wing 67; tail 60; bill 12. One specimen from Cajabamba examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 53 Ochthoeca albidiadema spodionota Berlepsch and Stolzmann*. KALI- NOWSKI'S CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca jelskii spodionota BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lend., 1896, p. 356 — Maraynioc, Dept. Junin; idem, I.e., 1902 (2), p. 57 (crit.). Ochthoeca frontalis spodionota CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 87, 1921 — above Matchu Picchu (crit.). Range : Temperate Zone of central and southeastern Peru (Maray- nioc, Dept. Junin; above Matchu Picchu, Urubamba, Dept. Cuzco). Ochthoeca albidiadema pulchella Sclater and Salvinh. YELLOW-BROWED CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca pulchella SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 355 — Tilotilo, Yungas of La Paz, Bolivia; idem, I.e., p. 610 — Tilotilo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 22, pi. 7, fig. 2, 1888 — part, Bolivia. Range : Western Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz) and adjacent districts of extreme southeastern Peru (Santo Domingo, Dept. Puno). *Ochthoeca diadema diadema (Hartlaub). HARTLAUB'S CHAT-TYRANT. Myiobius diadema HARTLAUB, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 289, 1843 — "Nouvelle Gre- nade" = Bogota. Muscicapa fusco-capilla LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 291, 1843 — Bogota. Tyrannida diadema LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 7, p. 79, 1844 (crit.); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogotd. Mecocerculus diadema SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 199, 1862 — Bogotd. Ochthoeca diadema SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — upper wood region of Me'rida; SCLATER, I.e., 1871, p. 750 — Colombia alta; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 26, 1888 — Venezuela, Bogota. Ochthoeca gratiosa gratiosa (not of SCLATER) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 429, 1917 — part, Bogota. Ochthoeca diadema diadema HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 243, 1914 — Andes of Colombia (Bogotd) and western Venezuela (Me'rida). Range : Eastern Andes of Colombia, and western Venezuela (Andes of Tachira and Me'rida)0. 4: Colombia (Bogotd i, Paramo de Tama 3). '•Ochthoeca albidiadema spodionota BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN: Nearest to O. a. jelskii, but back browner, much less rufous; frontal band wider and of a deeper golden yellow. From O. a. frontalis it may be distinguished by the last-named character, white under tail-coverts, and by having the wings double-banded with rich hazel. The superciliaries are white, only in anteocular portion yellow. Wing (one adult male, the type) 69; tail 61; bill n>£. b Ochthoeca albidiadema pulchella SCLATER and SALVIN: This form unknown to the author is stated by F. M. Chapman to differ from 0. a. spodionota by having the superciliaries wholly yellow. "Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 7, Paramo de Tama 3. Venezuela: Escorial, Andes of Me'rida 5. 54 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ochthoeca diadema jesupi Allen*. JESUP'S CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca jesupi ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 151, 1900 — San Lorenzo (type), Valparaiso, and El Libano (type examined). Ochthoeca diadema jesupi HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 242, 1914 — Santa Marta region (crit.). Octhoeca diadema jesupi TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 389, 1922 — San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Cerro de Caracas, Maco- tama, and Paramo de Macotama. Range: Santa Marta Mountains in northern Colombia. Ochthoeca diadema gratiosa (Sdater)b. RUFOUS-WINGED CHAT-TYRANT. Mecocerculus gratiosus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1862, p. 113 — "in republica Aequator"; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 360, 1862 — Ecuador. Ochthoeca gratiosa SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1879, p. 232 — Tambillo, Peru (nest and egg descr.); idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 199, 1884 — Tambillo; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 295 — Chaguarpata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 26, 1888 — Intac (Ecuador), Santa Elena (Colombia); SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — Intac, Frutillas, Pun; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — Intac, Mindo, and above Milligalli; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£og. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 659 — Pichincha and Chorillos; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — below Nono and Chinquil. Ochtoeca diadema (not of HARTLAUB) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 511 — Santa Elena (egg descr.). Ochthoeca diadema gratiosa- HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 233, 1914 — Ecuador (crit.). Ochthoeca gratiosa gratiosa CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 429, 1917 — part, Cerro Munchique, Andes west of Popayan, Cocal, Almaguer, Laguneta, Santa Elena. Range: Andes of northwestern Peru (Tambillo, Prov. Jaen) and western Ecuador; Western and Central Andes of Colombia. Genus SAYORNIS Bonaparte. Sayornis BONAPARTE", Compt. Rend. Ac. Sci. Paris, 38, p. 657, 1854 — type by monotypy Sayornis nigricans BONAPARTE = Tyrannula nigricans SWAINSON. a Ochthoeca diadema jesupi ALLEN: Closely allied to 0. d. diadema, but crown lighter, plain olive green rather than olive dusky, back somewhat lighter, and under parts on average paler yellow. Wing 58-60; tail 50-52; bill 11-12. Material examined. — San Lorenzo 2. b Ochthoeca diadema gratiosa (SCLATER) differs from the two other races by de- cidedly blackish crown, darker as well as more rufous brown back, more olive, less yellowish breast, rufescent edges to inner secondaries, and by haying the median and greater upper wing-coverts much more conspicuously tipped with rufous. Specimens from the Central Andes of Colombia which we have not seen are stated to form the transition to diadema. Material examined. — Western Ecuador 10. c Nomen nudum in Ann. Sci. Nat., (4) Zool., I, p. 133, 1854. 1 927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 55 Anlanax CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 4, p. 2, 1856 — type by orig. desig. Tyrannula nigricans SWAINSON. Theromyias CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 68, 1859 — new name for Sayornis BONAPARTE on grounds of purism. Empidias CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 69, 1859 — type by monotypy M uscicapa fusca GMELIN = M uscicapa phoebe LATHAM. *Sayornis phoebe (Latham). PHOEBE. Muscicapa fusca (not of MULLER 1776, nor of BODDAERT 1783) GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 931, 1789 — based on Muscicapa carolinensis fusca BRISSON, Orn., 2, p. 367, 1760, Carolina. Muscicapa atra (not of MtJLLER 1776) GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 946, 1789 — based on Dusky Flycatcher, PENNANT, Arct. Zool., 2, p. 389, 1785, New York. Muscicapa phoebe LATHAM, Ind. ornith., 2, p. 489, 1790 — new name for Muscicapa atra GMELIN. • Muscicapa nunciola WILSON, Amer. Orn., 2, p. 78, pi. 13, fig. 4, 1810 — Penn- sylvania. Tyrannus atriceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2> p. 43, 1837 — new name for Muscicapa atra GMELIN'. Muscicapa lembeyei GUNDLACH, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 314, 1853 — near Cardenas, Cubab. Empidias fuscus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 264, 1888 (monog.). Sayornis phoebe RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 594, 1907 (monog., full bibliographic references); GRINNELL, Pacif. Coast Avif., n, p. 90, 1915 — Californian records. Range: Eastern North America. Breeds from southwestern Mac- kenzie, Alberta, southern Keewatin, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island south to northeastern New Mexico, central Texas, northern Mississippi, and highlands of Georgia, winters in United States south of latitude 37° south to Vera Cruz and Oaxaca and even Cuba ; on migration occasionally in Wyoming, Color- ado, and California. 73: Saskatchewan (Prince Albert i); Maine (Orono i); Massachu- setts (Dedham 4, Brookline i); Connecticut (East Hartford 23); New York (Shelter Isl. 2); New Jersey (Englewood i); Wisconsin (Beaver Dam 8); Illinois (Chicago 4, Lyons i, Lavergne i, Highland Park i, Lake Forest i, Henry i, Joliet 3); Louisiana (Buras 4); Florida (Key West 4, West Jupiter i, Enterprise i, Town Point i, Gainesville i, Lake Worth 2, Punta Rassa i, Rosewood i); Texas (Corpus Christi 3); Mexico (Chihuahua i). • See Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 20, 1925. b Reference not verified. 56 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Sayornis nigricans nigricans (Swainson) . BLACK PHOEBE. Tyrannula nigricans SWAINSON, Phil. Mag., (n.s.), i, p. 367, May 1827 — table- land of Mexico. Muscicapa atrata LICHTENSTEIN, Preis-Verz. Mexik. Vdgel, p. 2, 1830 — Mexico; Journ. Orn., n, p. 58, 1863 (reprint). Muscicapa semiatra VIGORS in Beechey, Zool. Voy. Blossom, p. 17, 1839 — no locality mentioned, Monterey, California suggested by NELSON 1900. Muscicapa nigricans AUDUBON, Orn. Biogr., 5, p. 302, pi. 474, 1839. Sayornis nigricans SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 33, 1888 — Western and central North America and Mexico; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.- Americ., Aves, 2, p. 64, 1889 — Mexico; NELSON, Auk., 17, p. 124, 1900 — Mexico, north into Texas, New Mexico, and southeastern Arizona (crit.); BREWSTER, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 41, p. 119, 1902 — Cape region, Lower California (crit.); GRINNELL, Pacif. Coast Avif., u, p. 90, 1915 — California (range). Sayornis nigricans semiatra NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 125, 1900 — Pacific coast of Mexico and the United States from Colima to Oregon, including most of Arizona (crit.). Sayornis nigricans nigricans RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 597, 1907 — Pacific coast of United States and Mexico (monog., full bibliography). Range : Western United States, from California (west of the Sierra Nevada) and southwestern Oregon through southern Arizona and New Mexico to western Texas, and southward over the whole of Mexico (except humid Atlantic coast district and Yucatan) to Chiapas, occa- sionally in winter in Costa Rica. 26: California (Palo Alto 4, Monterey 2, Nicasio 2, San Geron- imo i, Los Gatos 2, Clipper Gap i, San Clemente Isl. i); Arizona (Phoenix 3, Forte Verde 2, Calabasas 3, Huachuca Mountains i); Mexico (Chihuahua 3, unspecified i). *Sayornis nigricans aquatica Sclater and Salvin. GUATEMALAN PHOEBE. Sayornis aquatica SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, i, p. 119, 1859 — Duenas, Guatemala; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 33, 1888 — part. spec, a-i, Duenas, Gua- temala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ., Aves, 2, p. 65, 1889 — part, Guatemala. Sayornis nigricans aquatica NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 125, 1900 — part, Guatemala; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i,, p. 104, 1907 — Lake Atitlan and near Tecpam, Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 600, 1907 — Guatemala (monog.). Range: Highlands of Guatemala and Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte)". • One of the San Rafael specimens has almost plain white under tail-coverts, the other agrees with those from Guatemala. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 57 5: Guatemala (near Tecpam 2, Lake Atitlan i); Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte 2). *Sayornis nigricans amoicola Bangs*. PANAMA PHOEBE. Sayornis amnicola BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 37, 1902 — Boquete, Panama. Sayornis aquatica (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. no, 1868 — Costa Rica; BOUCARD, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 62 — San Jos6; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 33, 1888 — part, spec, e-g, Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ.* Aves, 2, p. 65, 1889 — part, Costa Rica. Sayornis nigricans aquatica NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 125, 1900 — part, Costa Rica. Sayornis nigricans amnicola RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 601, 1907 — Costa Rica and Panama (monog.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 696, igio-^-Costa Rica; RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 12, No. 8, p. 28, 1919 — Talamanca, Costa Rica. Range: Highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui). 4: Costa Rica (San Jose" 4). *Sayornis nigricans latirostris (Cabanis and Heine}. WHITE-WINGED PHOEBE. Aulanax latirostris CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 68, note**, 1859 — Bolivia; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 27, p. 335, 1879 — Mountains of Tucuman. Sayornis cineracea angustirostris BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 357 — La Merced, Chanchamayo, Peru; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 85, 1906 — Santa Ana. Sayornis latirostris fumigatus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 33, p. 72, 1920 — Don Diego, Santa Marta district; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 348, 1922 — Bonda, Minca, Mamatoco, Cincinnati, Las Vegas, Don Diego, Pueblo Viejo, and La Tigrera. Myiarchus nigricans (not Tyrannula nigricans SWAINSON) TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 273, 1844; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 153, 1846 — wooded region of Peru; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 539 — Amable Maria and San Damian, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 235 — Tambillo. Sayornis nigricans SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 552 — Chimbo, Ecuador; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 306 — Ibagu6, Colombia. Sayornis ardosiacus (not Tyrannula ardosiaca LAFRESNAYE) CASSIN, Proc. Ac. N. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 144— Falls of the Rio Truando. a Sayornis nigricans amnicola BANGS, by the uniform sooty under tail-coverts and lesser extent of white abdominal area, connects the Central American forms with S. n. latirostris which, however, has much more white on remiges and upper wing- coverts. Material examined. — Costa Rica 7, Chiriqui 2. 58 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Sayornis cineracea (not Tyrannula cineracea LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 457, 1858 — Cuenca; idem, I.e., 28, p. 68, 1860 — Pallatanga; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1868, p. 168 — Venezuela; idem, I.e., p. 628 — San Esteban; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 332 — Ocafia and Cocuta Valley, Santander; SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, P- 201 — San Jose", Santa Marta district; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 511 — Medellin and Frontino; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 204, 1884 — Amable Maria, San Damian, Tambillo, Huambo; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 297, 1884 — Bucaramanga; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 87 — San Rafael and Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 121, 1888 — Tucu- man; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 34, 1888 — Caracas (Venezuela), Bogota, Concordia, Frontino, Medellin, Minca, San Jose", and "Santa Marta" (Colombia), Sical, Jima, and Cuenca (Ecuador), Bolivia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — Bolivia; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. n, 1895 — Cajabamba, Vina (Huamachuco) ; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — San An- tonio, Bermudez; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Paramba andChimbo; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. u, 1897 — San Lorenzo (Jujuy) and Tala (Salta) ; SALVADORI and FESTA, I.e., 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — Cuenca, Tumbaco, and Rio San Pedro, Ecuador; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 135, 1898 — " Santa Marta"; idem, I.e., p. 174, 1898 — San Miguel; idem, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., i, p. 78, 1899 — San Sebastian; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 151, 1900 — Cacagualito and Onaca; idem, I.e., 21, p. 287, 1905 — Bonda (nest and eggs descr.); GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 702 — San Nicolas and Papallacta; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — La Hoyada and Tafi, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — same localities; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 219, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 256, 1904 — Oran, Salta; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 191, 1909 — Vipos and La Hoyada, Tucuman; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geogr. Mes. Arc M&id. Equat., 9, p. 858, 1911 — Tumbaco. Sayornis nigricans cineracea DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 346, 1910 — range in Argentina; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 472, 1917 — San ]os6, Cisneros, Caldas, Salento, Rio Toch<§, near San Agustin, west slope below Andalucia, and Quetame, Colombia; DINELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 145, 1918 — Tucuman (nest descr.). Sayornis cineracea cineracea HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1125, 1911 — Pueblo Rico, Colombia. Sayornis nigricans angustirostris BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Perico, Peru. Sayornis nigricans latirostris BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 63, p. 29, 1919 (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 97, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba region. Range: Northern Venezuela (coast ranges east to Bermudez; Sierra of M&ida) and Colombia (north to the Truando and Santa Marta re- gion), south through Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia to northwestern Argen- tina (prov. Jujuy, Salta, and Tucuman) ». • I am unable to satisfactorily separate a northern form (fumigata). While speci- mens from Venezuela and Colombia are on average smaller and more intensely 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 59 18: Colombia (Andalucia i, near San Augustin i); Venezuela (Colon, Tachira i) ; Ecuador (Chimbo 2) ; Peru (Huanuco 6, San Ramon, Junin i) ; Argentina (Orillas del Rio Lavallen, Jujuy i ; Anfama, Tucu- man i ; Concepcion, Tucuman 4). *Sayornis saya saya (Bonaparte). SAY'S PHOEBE. Muscicapa saya BONAPARTE, Amer. Ornith., i, p. 20, pi. 1 1, fig. 3, 1825 — Arkansas River, twenty miles from the Rocky Mountains; AUDUBON, Orn. Biogr., 4, p. 428, pi. 359, 1838. Tyrannula pattida SWAINSON, Phil. Mag., (n.s.), i, p. 367, 1827 — tableland of Mexico. Sayornis pattida SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 32, 1888 — North America and Mexico. Sayornis saya RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 602, 1907 — part, excl. Alaska and Yukon territory (monog., full bibliography). Sayornis sayus GRINNELL, Pacif. Coast Avif., n, p. 90, 1915 — California (range). Range : Western North America. Breeds from northeastern Alberta, southeastern Saskatchewan, and North Dakota south to California, Arizona, New Mexico, western Iowa, and western Kansas; winters from central California, southern Arizona, southern New Mexico, and central Texas south to Mexico. 40: -California (San Clemente Island 3, Monterey 2, San Jose* i, Berryessa i, near Lamanda Park i, San Bernardino i, La Canada i, Pasadena i, Los Angeles i, College Park i, Nicasio i, Palo Alto i, Miller i, San Geronimo i) ; Arizona (Tuscon i, Phoenix 2, Calabasas 3) ; New Mexico (Fort Union i, Members 4, Deming 2) ; Colorado (Trouble- some i, Fort Lyon 5); Texas (El Paso i, Corpus Christi 2); Mexico (Chihuahua i). *Sayornis saya yukonensis Bishop*. YUKON PHOEBE. Sayornis saya yukonensis BISHOP, Auk, 17, p. 115, 1900 — Glacier, White Pass, Alaska; GRINNELL, Condor, n, p. 206, 1909 — Forty-mile, Yukon; SWARTH, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 345, 1924 — Skeena River, Brit. Columbia; BROOKS and SWARTH, Pacif. Coast Avif., 17, p. 73, 1925 — British Columbia; colored, so large a percentage is indistinguishable that I see no practical advantage in further subdividing the South American race. Material examined. — Venezuela: Bermudez 4, San Esteban 2, Andes of MeYida 5, Colon, Tachira i. Colombia: Bogota 10, Bucaramanga i, near San Agustin i, Andalucia i, Pueblo Rico i. Ecuador: "Quito" 3, San Nicolas i, Papallacta i, Chimbo 2. Peru: Tambillo i, Cajabamba i, Vina (Huamachuco) 2, San Ramon i, Huanuco 6. Bolivia: Yungas of La Paz 3. Argentina: Jujuy i, Tucuman 8. a Sayornis saya yukonensis BISHOP: Similar to 5. s. saya, but darker, the gray of the upper parts deeper and more slaty, with the pale edgings of the wing-coverts and secondaries slightly narrower. 60 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. SWARTH, Condor, 28, p. 45, 1926 — California, in winter (crit., range) ; SWARTH, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 30, p. 116, 1926 — Carcross, Atlin region, Brit. Columbia. Range: Southeastern Alaska, Yukon territory, northern British Columbia, and probably northwestern Mackenzie; wintering in Cali- fornia and Texas. i: California (Haywards i). Sayornis saya quiescens Grinnett*. SAN PEDRO MARTIR PHOEBE. Sayornis sayus quiescens GRINNELL, Condor, 28, p. 180, 1926 — San Jose", about forty-five miles northeast of San Quintin, Lower California. Range: Northwestern Lower California, on the Pacific drainage from the Sierra San Pedro Martir west to the sea coast. Genus COLONIA J. E. Gray. Colonia J. E. GRAY in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, 6, p. 336, "1829" — type by monotypy Muscicapa colonus VIEILLOT. Copurus STRICKLAND, P. Z. S. Lond., 9, p. 28, Oct. 1841 — type by monotypy Platyrhynchus filicauda SPIX = Muscicapa colonus VIEILLOT. *Colonia colonus colonus ( Vieillot}. LONG-TAILED TYRANT. Muscicapa colonus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 21, p. 448, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 180, Paraguay. Platyrhynchos platurus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. £d., 27, p. 17, 1818 — Bre"sil, coll. Delalande, jr., =Rio de Janeiro. Muscipeta leucocitta HAHN, Vogel Asien, Afrika, etc., livr. 9, pi. 2, 1821 — South America (type in Munich Museum examined). Pipra atra THUNBERG, Me"m. Ac. Sci. St. Pdtersb., 8, p. 287, 1822 — Brazil; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 242 (crit.; =juv.). Muscicapa monacha LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 53, 1823 — Bahia. Platyrhynchus filicauda SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 12, pi. 14, 1825 — Mandiocca, Prov. Rio de Janeiro (type in Munich Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 645, 1906 (crit.). Muscicapa colon STEPHENS in Shaw, Gen. Zool., Aves, 13 (2), p. 126, 1826 — based on Azara, No. 180, Paraguay. Muscicapa longipennis LESSON, Trait6 d'Orn., p. 386, 1831 — "du Bre"sil, a Sainte Catherine"; PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 372, 1855 (crit.). • Sayornis saya quiescens GRINNELL: "Similar to 5. s. saya, but tone of 'coloration paler, this paleness being in the direction of ashy gray rather than light brown." (Grinnell, I.e.). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 61 Copurus funebris CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 41, 1859 — Minas Geraes (=juv.); HELLMAYR, Bull. Brit. On. Cl., 14, p. 61, 1904 — Piquete, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 15, p. 73, 1905 (crit.; =juv.). Copurus subniger BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 117, 1901 — Alto Parand, Para- guay (= juv.); idem, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 (crit.). Muscipeta ntonacha WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 925, 1831 — Rio de Janeiro and Bahia. Copurus filicauda BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 507, 1856 — road from Novo Friburgo to Aldea da Pedra, Rio Parahyba, Prov. Rio de Janeiro. Copurus colonus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 381 — southern Brazil (synon.); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — Registo do Sai (Rio), Mattodentro and Ypanema (Sao Paulo), Engenho do Gama (Matto Grosso); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 352 — Minas Geraes, Morro Queimado (note on juv.); HAMILTON, Ibis, 1871, p. 304 — Sao Paulo; BER- LEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 256, 1873 — Blumenau, Santa Catharina (crit., note on juv.); CABANIS, I.e., 22, p. 87, 1874 — Cantagallo, Rio (note on juv.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 50, 1888 — part, spec, a-1, Novo Friburgo, Rio, Sao Paulo, and "Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul," Brazil; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul, 3, p. 182, 1899 — Ypiranga, Piquete, Piracicaba (Sao Paulo); idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo, Rio; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 139, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 262, 1907 — Cachoeira, Itatiba, Alto da Serra (Sao Paulo), Ourinho (Parana), Vargem Alegre (Minas Geraes); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 576 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal, Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 320, 1910 — Alto Parana; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 480, 497, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parana; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Alto Parana. Copurus colonus colonus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 41, 1908 — Goyaz and Fazenda Esperanca, Goyaz; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 325, 1912 — Paso Yuvay (Paraguay), San Pedro and Iguazu (Misiones). Range: Southern Brazil, from states of Bahia, Minas Geraes.Goyaz, and Matto Grosso south to Santa Catharina», and adjacent districts of Paraguay and Argentina (Misiones) b. 7 : Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio 2 ; Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i); Argentina, Misiones (Eldorado 2, Iguazu 2). *Colonia colonus fuscicapilla (Sclater}*. DUSKY-HEADED TYRANT. Copurus fuscicapillus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 381 — Bogota. * There is no reliable authority for its occurrence in Rio Grande do Sul. b Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia 5, Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas 5, Lagoa Santa, Minas i ; Rio de Janeiro 5; Sao Paulo (various localities) 9; Blumenau, Santa Catharina 2; Goyaz 4; Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso i. 8 Colonia colonus fuscicapilla (SCLATER): Very similar to C. c. colonus in the male sex; female with pileum much darker gray; wings on average shorter. Specimens from various parts of Peru are identical with others from Eastern Ecuador, and the females appear to agree with two Bogota skins of the same 62 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Copurus filicauda (not of SPIX) TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 274, 1844; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 157, 1846 — Peru; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 22, p. 113, 1854 — Quijos, Ecuador. Copurus leuconotus (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 148, 1855 — Bogota; idem, I.e., 26, p. 71, 1858 — Rio Napo, Ecuador. Copurus colonus (not of VIEILLOT) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 533 — Monterico and Paltaybamba; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 209, 1884 — same localities, Moyobamba; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 50, 1888 — part, spec, m-w, Sarayacu and San Jose" (Ecuador), and Bogota; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — lower Beni, Bolivia; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — Gualaquiza, Ecuador; GOODFEL- LOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 702 — Archidona; (?) SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. n, 1908 — Bom Lugar and Monte Verde, Rio Punis; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, P- 377» 1914 — same localities. Copurus colonus fuscicapillus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 357 — La Merced, La Gloria, and Garita del Sol, Dept. Junin; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 432, 1917 — Buena Vista and Villavicencio, Colombia. Colonia colonus fuscicapttla HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 43, 1920 — Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru (crit.). Range: Eastern slopes of the Andes from Colombia to northern Bolivia; (?) western Brazil (Rio Purus). ii : Peru (Poco Tambo, east of Chachapoyas 2, Moyobamba i, San Ramon 2, Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo 5) ; Colombia (Bogotd i). *Colonia colonus poecilonota (Cabanis)*. GUIANAN WHITE-BACKED TYRANT. Copurus poecilonotus CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 702, 1848 — Canuku Mountains, British Guiana (type in Berlin Museum examined). Copurus leuconotus (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 382 — part, Guiana; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 204, 1862 — part. spec, a, Cayenne; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 291 — British Guiana (ex Schomburgk); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 51, 1888 — part, spec, q, r, Cayenne; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 124, 1908 — Cayenne (ex SCLATER). Colonia leuconota poecilonota BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 74, 1918 — Javaweg, Surinam (crit.). sex. No males from Colombia have been available for comparison. Eighteen speci- mens examined. • Colonia colonus poecilonota (CABANIS) : Nearly allied to, and agreeing with, C. c. leuconota in possessing a conspicuous grayish white stripe down the middle of the back; but very much larger, with heavier bill; coloration generally blacker; pileum of male much lighter, hoary gray instead of sooty. Wing (male) 85-88, (female) 79; tail 185-210, (female) 140; bill 8-9. Material examined. — Cayenne 2. British Guiana: Canuku Mts. i, Mazaruni River i, Conwarook 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 63 Colonia leuconota CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 142, pi. 3, fig. i, 1921 — Mazaruni River, Bartica, Arawai River, British Guiana. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana. 3: British Guiana (Mazaruni River i, Conwarook 2). *Colonia colonus leuconota (Lafresnaye) . WHITE-BACKED TYRANT. Copurus leuconotus LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 5, p. 335, 1842 — " Bolivia'' = Bogota, Colombia; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 294, 1860 — Esmeraldas; idem, I.e., 1861, p. 382 — part, New Granada and Ecuador; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 204, 1862 — part, spec, b-e, Bogota, Esmeraldas; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 332 — Naranjo and lower mountains between Bucaramanga and the Magdalena River; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 511 — Remedies; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 297, 1884 — La Pita, below Bucara- manga (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 51, 1888 — part, spec, a-o, s-u, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Veragua, Panama, Remedies, Bogota, Esmeraldas; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ., Aves, 2, p. 4, 1888 — range; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — Rio Peripa, Ecuador; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Pambilar; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 351, 1907 — part, southern Honduras to western Ecuador (monog., full synon.); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6» p- 735, 1910 — Costa Rica; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1125 — Guineo, Noanama, N6vita, Choc6, Colombia; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g6ogr. Mes. Arc Me'rid. Equat., 9, p. 650, 1911 — Santo Domingo, Ecuador; CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 432, 1917 — Alto Bonito, Novita, Noanama, San Jose1, Los Cisneros, Cerro Munchique, Barbacoas, Buenavista (Narino), Puerto Valdivia, Puerto Berrio, Honda; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 263 — Gatun, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Gatun. Colonia colonus leuconota HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 80, A, Heft 10, p. 44, 1920 (crit.). Range : Southern Honduras (Segovia River) through eastern Nicar- agua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia (coast range and Magdalena Valley) to western Ecuador*. 10: Costa Rica (Guayabo i, Limon 4); Panama (Colon 2); Colom- bia (Quibdo i, Cerro Munchique, coast range 2). Genus GUBERNETES Such. Gubernetes SUCH, Zool. Journ., 2, p. 114, 1825 — type by monotypy Gubernetes cunninghami SUCH = Muscicapa yetapa VIEILLOT. Cybernetes CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 42, 1859 — emendation. • Material examined. — Costa Rica: Guayabo i, Limon 4. Panama: Colon 2. Colombia: Choc6 9, Cerro Munchique 2, La Pita, Bucaramanga i, Bogota 2. Ecuador: Pambilar i, Rio Peripa i. 64 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Gubernetes yetapa ( Vieillot). YETAPA TYRANT. Muscicapa yetapa VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 21, p. 460, 1818 — based on "Yiperu" Azara, No. 75, Paraguay. Tyrannus bellulus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. £d., 35, p. 75, 1819 — Brazil, Delalande jr. coll., =Rio de Janeiro; PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 360, 1855 (crit.). Muscicapa yiperu LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 52, 1823 — Sao Paulo. Muscicapa longicauda SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 14, pi. 17, 1825 — Sao Paulo (type in Munich Museum examined). Gubernetes cunninghami SUCH, Zool. Journ., 2, p. 114, pi. 4, 1825 — vicinity of Goaytacazes [ = Campos], Rio. Gubernetes forficatus SWAINSON, Natur. Lib., Orn., 10 (Flycatchers), p. 92, pi. 5, 1838 — southern Brazil and Paraguay. Gubernetes yperu LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, el. 2, p. 58, 1837 — Chiquitos, Bolivia. Alecturus yetapa D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 342, 1839 — Chiquitos. Gubernetes yiperu BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 509, 1856 — Sete Lagoas, Minas Geraes. Cybernetes yetapa PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 99, 1868 — Mattodentro, Chacara do S. Manuel Caetano, Mugy das Cruzes, Irisanga, Rio Sapucahy, Antonio Diaz and Rio Parana (Sao Paulo), Jose" Diaz (Goyaz), Pansecco (Matto Grosso); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 354 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 611 — Chiquitos; WHITE, I.e., 1882, p. 604 — Itapua, Misiones; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 124, 1888 (range) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 40, 1888 — Rio, Bahia, Misiones; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10,, No. 208, p. 9, 1895 — Villa Rica, Paraguay; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 179, 1899 — Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 573 — Sapucay, Paraguay. Gubernetes yetapa HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 647, 1906 — Paraguay and Sao Paulo (crit.); idem, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 40, 1908 — Fazenda Esperanca, Goyaz; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 259, 1907 — Rincao, Franca, Itapura, Barretos, Ypiranga (Sao Paulo), Vargem Alegre (Minas Geraes); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 191, 1909 — Posadas, Misiones; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 318, 1910 — Misiones; idem, I.e., 23, p. 326, 1912 — Villa Rica, Paraguay; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc.. d'Orn., 10, p. 318, 1918 — Villa Lutetia, near San Ignacio, Misiones; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Monday, Paraguay; HELLMAYR. Nov. Zool., 32, p. 314, 1925 — Chiquitos (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., I33» P- 309i 1926 — Las Palmas, Chaco. Range: Southern Brazil, from southern Bahia (Caravellas), Minas Geraes, Goyaz, and Matto Grosso south to Sao Paulo; Paraguay; adjacent parts of Argentina (Misiones, Chaco) and Bolivia (Chiquitos). 2: Brazil (Piraputanga, Matto Grosso 2). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 65 Genus ALECTRURUS Vieillot. Alectrurus VIEILLOT, Analyse nouv. Ornith. e^m., p. 39, April 1816 — type by monotypy (p. 68) Gallita tricolor VIEILLOT. Gallita VIEILLOT, I.e., p. 68, April 1816 — type by monotypy Gallita tricolor VIEILLOT. Xenurus BOIE, Isis, 1826, p. 973 — proposed for the " Queues-Rares" of Azara (Walckenaer ed., 3, p. 446, 1809), type by subs, desig. (SCLATER 1888) Gallita tricolor VIEILLOT. Alectura SWAINSON, Natur. Libr., Orn., 10 (Flycatchers), p. 94, 1838 — emenda- tion of Alectrurus VIEILLOT. Alectrurus tricolor ( Vieillot). COCK-TAILED TYRANT. Gallita tricolor VIEILLOT, Analyse nouv. Orn. 616m., p. 68, 1816 — 'TAmerique meYidionale" = Paraguay. Alectrurus* tricolor VIEILLOT, NOMV. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 12, p. 408, 1817 — Paraguay (ex Azara, No. 225); LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 54, 1837 — Mojos, Guarayos (Bolivia), Corrientes (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 341, 1839 — same localities; BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 511, 1856 — Sete Lagoas, Minas Geraes; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 98, 1868 — Ypanema, Scara- muza and ItararS (Sao Paulo), Pederneiras, Jaguaraiba, and Borda do Matto (Parana) , Lhanozo (Minas Geraes) ; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 357 — Vargem Comprida, Sete Lagoas, and Uberaba, Minas Geraes; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 611 — Guarayos, Moxos (ex D'ORBIGNY); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 122, 1888; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 39, 1888— "Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul," Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 179, 1899 — Sao Paulo; idem, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 124, 1899 — "Rio Grande do Sul"; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 259, 1907 — Ypiranga and Piracicaba, Sao Paulo; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 318, 1910 — Misiones; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Paraguay; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 187, 1925 — Corrientes, Moxos, Guarayos; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 645, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires. Muscicapa alector TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 26, pi. 155 (d* 9), Sept. 1822 — Paraguay and Brazil; LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 53, 1823 — Sao Paulo (descr. o" 9); WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 874, 1831 — Sao Romao, Rio Sao Francisco (Minas) and "Rio Grande do Sul." Muscicapa alectrura VIEILLOT and OUDART, Galerie Ois., i (2), p. 211, pi. 132 (=c?), about 1824 — 'TAmeYique australe." Alectura azarii SWAINSON, Natur. Libr., Orn., 10 (Flycatchers), p. 96, pi. 6 ( = d" ), 1838 — Paraguay and southern Brazil. Range: Campos districts of southern Brazil (in states of Minas Geraes, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Matto Grosso), eastern Bolivia (Moxos, • Sometimes spelled Alecturus or Alector ur us. 66 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Guarayos), and adjacent parts of Paraguay and Argentina (prov. Cor- rientes and Misiones)a. Genus YETAPA Lesson. Yetapa LESSON, Trait6 d'Orn., p. 387, 1831 — type by monotypy Muscicapa psalura TEMMINCK = Muscicapa risora VIEILLOT. Psalidura GLOGER, Gemeinnutz. Hand-and Hilfsbuch, p. 326, 1841 — type by subs, desig. (SCLATER 1888) Muscicapa risora VIEILLOT. Myiophthorus BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 128, 1901 — type Myiophthorus morenoanus BERTONI = Yetapa risora (VIEILLOT). *Yetapa risora ( Vieillot). STRANGE-TAILED TYRANT. Muscicapa risora VIEILLOT (and OUDART), Galerie Ois., i (2), p. 209, pi. 131 ( = £, (five females) 55-59; tail 48-53; bill n>£-i2#. Material examined. — Brazil: Monte Alegre i, Rio Jamundd i, lower Amazon i, Itaituba i, Jamarysinho i, Rio Amajau i, Serra da Lua 3. Venezuela: Perico 2. British Guiana: Ourumee ( 9 ad., Oct. 3, 1890, H. Whitely, jr., in coll. British Museum). b Entotriccus WETMORE and PETERS comes very close to Phaeotriccus, but differs in much smaller, slenderer bill, and by having all the primaries (instead of only the three outer ones) more or less narrowed and subfalcate; besides, the outermost pri- mary is much shorter, being equal to the outer secondaries instead of to the eight or ninth primary. The propriety of genetically separating M. striaticeps is perhaps questionable, the peculiar structure of the wing being much less developed in the female sex. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 77 *Entotriccus striaticeps (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). CINEREOUS TYRANT. Muscisaxicola striaticeps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 66, 1837 — "La Paz" = Chiquitos, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined; = 9); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. mend., Ois., p. 356, pi. 41, fig. i, 1839 — ''La Paz"; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 318, 1906 (crit.). Cnipolegus cinereus SCLATER, P.Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 58 — Corumba, Rio Paraguay, Matto Grosso (type in U. S. National Museum examined; =cf); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 26, p. 197, 1878 — Cordoba (note on female); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 460 — Cordoba; SALVIN, Ibis, 1880, p. 357, pi. 10 (d" 9) — Tucuman and Salta; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 128, 1888 — Argen- tina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 47, 1888 — Salta, Tucuman, Cordoba; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 129 — Rio Pilcomayo; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — Tala, Salta; HOLMBERG, Seg. Censo Rep. Arg., i, p. 536, 1898 — Argentina; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Tapia, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Tapia; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Tapia. Knipolegus striaticeps HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 193, 1909 — Tapia, Vipos (Tucuman), Santiago del Estero; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 319, 1910 — range in Argentina; DINELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 141, 1918 (nest and egg descr.); GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — Sierra of La Rioja; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 334, 19^5 (crit.). Cnipolegus striaticeps CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 575 — Sapucay, Paraguay. Phaeotriccus striaticeps BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Asunci6n. Entotriccus striaticeps WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 313, 1926 — Riacho Pilago (Formosa), Puerto Pinasco (Paraguay), and Tapia (Tucuman) (habits). Range: Eastern Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Chiquitos, San Miguel); southwestern Brazil (Corumbd, Matto Grosso); Paraguay (Asunci6n, Sapucay); northern Argentina (in prov. Cordoba, Santiago del Es- tero, Chaco, Formosa, Tucuman, Salta, and Jujuy)8. i: Bolivia (Santa Cruz i). Genus LICHENOPS Sundevall. Lichenops SUNDEVALL, Vetenskaps Akad. Handl. for 1835, p. 88, 1836 — type by monotypy "Le Clignot" Commerson = Motacilla perspicillata GMELIN. Perspicilla SWAINSON, Classif. Birds, i, p. 30, 1836; I.e., 2, p. 257, 1836 — type by subs, desig. (SWAINSON, Natur. Libr., Orn., 10, p. 104, 1838) Motacilla per- spicillata GMELIN. *Lichenops perspicillata perspicillata (Gmelin). SPECTACLED TYRANT. Motacilla perspicillata GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 969, 1789 — based on BUF- FON's"Le Clignot," Montevideo. •Material examined. — Bolivia: Santa Cruz i, Chiquitos i, San Miguel i. Brazil: Corumba i. Argentina: Tapia, Tucuman 3, Vipos i; Corral, Santiago del Estero 2, San Lorenzo, Jujuy i. 78 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscicapa nigricans VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 21, p. 454, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 182, Paraguay; =9). Muscicapa commersonii LESSON.Traite' d'Orn., p. 388, 1831 — Paraguay ( = o" ad.). Perspicitta leucoptera SWAINSON, Natur. Libr., Orn., 10 (Flycatchers), p. 105, pi. 9 ( = d"), 1838 — new name for Motacilla perspicillata GMELIN, southern Brazil. Lichenops erythropterus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 52, pi. 9, 1839 — banks of the Plata ( = 9 ). Fluvicola perspicillata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 58, 1837 — Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Chiquitos (Bolivia), Patagonia (spec, examined). Ada perspicillata D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me"rid., Ois., p. 339, 1839 — Corrientes, mouth of the La Plata (Montevideo, Buenos Aires), Patagonia (Rio Negro), Bolivia (Chiquitos, Moxos). Lichenops perspicillatus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 51, 1839 — neighbor- hood of the Plata, and across the Pampas as far as Mendoza; BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 457, 1861 — from the Banda Oriental to Mendoza. Cnipolegus perspicillatus BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Argentina. Lichenops perspicillata (us) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 99, 1868 — Pansecco and Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 141 — Conchitas; HUDSON, I.e., 1869, p. 432 (sexual diff.); STERNBERG, Journ. Orn., 17, p. 262, 1869 — Buenos Aires; HOLTZ, I.e., 18, p. 8, 1870 — Buenos Aires (egg descr.); DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1876, p. 159 — Belgrano, Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1877, p. 34 — Chubut Valley; idem, I.e., p. 176 — Baradero, Buenos Aires (soft parts of both sexes); idem, I.e., 1878, p. 60 — Buenos Aires (nest and plumages descr.); idem, I.e., p. 394 — Chubut; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 484, 1879 (synon.); SCLATER and SAL- YIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 612 — Chiquitos (ex D'ORIBGNY); GIBSON, Ibis, 1880, p. 21 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p 605 — Monte Grande, Buenos Aires; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 141, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; HOLMBERG, Act. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 5, p. 78, 1884 — Tandil, La Tinta; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 129, 1888 — range (excl. Chile); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 48, 1888— part, spec, a-q, Maldonado, Alvear (Uruguay), Pelotas (Brazil), Belgrano, Conchi- tas, Parana, Punta Lara, Buenos Aires; BURMEISTER, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 3, p. 317, 1890 — Caprek-aik; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1890, p. 425; 1891, p. 1 6 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1892, p. 199 — same locality; KERR, I.e., p. 129 — Fortin Page, Pilcomayo; APLIN, I.e., 1894, P- 177 — Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 2o8,p. 9, 1895 — San Jose", Paraguari, and Carpegud (Paraguay), San Pablo (Tucuman); idem, l.c., 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — San Lorenzo (Jujuy), Tala (Salta); IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 125, 1899 — Pedras Brancas, Rio Grande, and Rio Camaquam, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined); KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Paraguayan Chaco; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25» P- !39i J9O2 — Sapucay, Paraguay; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Famailld, eastern Tucuman; idem, Rev.letr. cienc. soc., 3, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 79 p. 47, 1905 — Famailla; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 261, 1907 — range; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 575 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 319, 1910 — range in Argentina; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 113 — Los Ynglases and Cape San Antonio (Buenos Aires), Monte Alto (Paraguay), Bella Vista (Corrientes) ; BERTONI, Faun. Parag. p. 54, 1914 — Encarnaci6n, Paraguay; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 35, 1916 — Mendoza; HUSSEY, Auk, 33» P- 393. !9J6 — La Plata; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 399 — Cape San Antonio; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 151, 1918 — La Paz, Lujan de Cuyo, and Chacras Coria, Mendoza; MARELLI, I.e., p. 225, 1919 — Punta Lara, Buenos Aires; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Minas, and Mal- donado, Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Buenos Aires; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e.. p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, Buenos Aires. Lichenops perspicillata perspicillata HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 193, 1909 — Barracas al Sud (Buenos Aires), La Soledad (Entrerios) ; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 326, 1912 — Villa Rica, Paraguay; idem., El Hornero, i, p. 236, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 646, 1926 — Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, P- 3l5i I925 (crit., meas., range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 302, 1926 — Uruguay, Chaco, Buenos Aires, Mendoza (Tunuyan) and Rio Negro (General Roca) (crit.). Lichenops perspicillata andina (not of RIDGWAY) PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p- 321, 1923 — Huanuluan (Rio Negro) and Bariloche (Lake Nahual Huapi); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 304, 1926 — Zapala, Neu- quen (crit.); idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 448, 1925 — Corral Chico and Arroyo Cumallo, Rio Negro (crit.). Range: Argentina, east of the Andes south to Chubut; Uruguay; Paraguay; eastern Bolivia (Chiquitos); southern Brazil (Pansecco, near the Jauru River, southwestern Matto Grosso; Rio Grande do Sul)». 14: Argentina (Isles of the Parand i; Concepcion, Tucumdn 5); Paraguay (Villa Rica i) ; Uruguay (Treinta y Tres 3, near San Vicente 3, Maldonado i). *Lichenops perspicillata andina Ridgwayh. CHILEAN SPECTACLED TYRANT. a Males from Rio Grande do Sul are identical with others from Uruguay and east- ern Argentina (Corrientes, Entrerios, Buenos Aires). Those from Matto Grosso (Pansecco), Bolivia, and western Argentina (Neuquen, Mendoza) are variously intermediate to andina as far as the markings of the outer primaries are concerned, and some approach it even in size (see Nov. Zool., 32, p. 316, 1925). Material examined. — Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul: Pedras Brancas 2, Rio Grande 2 ; Pansecco, Matto Grosso 7. Uruguay: Maldonado 3. Argentina: Corrientes i, La Soledad, Entrerios 2 ; Tucuman 5 ; Buenos Aires 5 ; Rio Negro, Patagonia i ; Mendoza i; Neuquen (Rio Limay, Nogueira, Neuquen) 7. Bolivia: Chiquitos i. b Lichenops perspicillata andina RIDGWAY: Differs from the typical race by larger size and by the adult males having the black basal portion of the five outer primaries extended on to the sinuation of the quills, the white area being thus considerably smaller, while the dusky apical spots are generally larger and more blackish. Wing (ten adult males) 93-97; tail 62-66. 8o FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Lichenops perspicittatus, ft. andinus RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, "1878," p. 483, May 22, 1879 — Chile. Lichenops erythropterus (not of GOULD) CASSIN in Gilliss, U. S. Astron. Exp., 2, p. 185, 1855 — Chile; GERMAIN, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 311, 1860 — Santiago (nesting). Lichenops perspicillata(us) FRASER, P. Z. S. Lond., n, p. no, 1843 — Chile; PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 77, 1865 — Chile; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 423 — Coquimbo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 48, 1888 — part, spec, s-y, Coquimbo, Chile; LANE, Ibis, 1897, p. 31 — Hacienda Mansel (Santiago), Rio Bueno, and Rio Pilmaiguen (Prov. Valdivia) ; SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 719, 1898 — Punta Teatina, near La Serena, Co- quimbo; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 145, 1920 — Nilahu6, Prov. Curic6. Lichenops perspicittata andina HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 315, 1925 — Chile (crit.). Range : Central Chile, from Valdivia to Coquimbo. 7: Chile* (Lake Gualletue, Cautin 6; Maitenes, Limache, Prov. Val- paraiso i). Genus MUSCIPIPRA Lesson. Muscipipra LESSON, Traite d'Orn., p. 387, 1831 — type by monotypy Muscipipra longipennis LESSON = Muscicapa vetula LICHTENSTEIN. Ictiniscus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 42, 1859 — new name for Mus- cipipra LESSON. *Muscipipra vetula (Lichtenstein) . LICHTENSTEIN'S FORK-TAILED TYRANT. Muscicapa vetula LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 53, 1823 — Sao Paulo; SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 15, pi. 18, 1825 — Sao Paulo. Muscicapa pullata BONAPARTE, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, p. 383, 1825 — South America. Tyrannus longipennis SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 283, Jan. 1826 — Brazil, coll. Natterer. Milvulus longipennis JARDINE and SELBY, Illustr. Orn., Part 3, pi. 42, April 1828. Muscipipra longipennis LESSON, Traite" d'Orn., p. 387, 1831 — "du Bresil, a Sainte-Catherine. ' ' Milvulus vetula BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 468, 1856 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes. Dicrurus marginatus BLYTH, Ibis, (n. s.) i, p. 46, 1865; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 339 (crit.). Muscipipra vetula PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 99, 1868 — Casa Pintada, Ypanema, and Itarar£, Sao Paulo; REINBARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, P- 353 — Lagoa Santa (ex BURMEISTER); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 81 p. 49, 1888 — Sao Paulo, Rio Claro "Goyaz," and "Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul" (errore); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 181, 1899 — Piracicaba, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 262, 1907 — Piracicaba, Sao Sebastiao, Itarare", Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo; MiRANDA-RiBEiRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 13, p. 184, 1906 — Morro Redondo — Retire do Ramos, Itatiaya; BERTONI, Rev. Inst. Parag., 1907 — [author's sep. p. 3], 1907 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay, and Iguazu, Misiones; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 433, 1910 — same localities; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Scient. Varsovie, 5, p. 480, 497, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parana; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Puerto Bertoni; MIRANDA-RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 254, 1923 — Itatiaya; PiNTO-PEixoxo, I.e., p. 262, 1923 — Monte-Serrat, Itatiaya. Ictiniscus vetulus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 87, 1874 — Cantagallo, Prov. Rio de Janeiro. Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from southern Minas Geraes and Rio de Janeiro south to Santa Catharina, and adjacent parts of Paraguay (Alto Parana) and Argentina (Misiones). 6 : Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio 5 ; Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande, Rio Paranapanema, Sao Paulo i). Genus FLUVICOLA Swainson. Fluvicola SWAINSON, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 172, 1827 — generic characters only; type by subs, desig. (SWAINSON, Zool. Illust., (2nd ser.), 2, pi. 46, 1831) Fluvicola cursoria SWAINSON = 0enanthe climazura VIEILLOT. Entomophagus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3, (2), p. 781, 1831 — type by mono- typy Muscicapa mystacea SPIX = Oenanthe climazura VIEILLOT. (?) Myiophila REICHENBACH", Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 67, 1850 — no type specified. *Fluvicola pica pica (Boddaert). WHITE-SHOULDERED WATER-TYRANT. Muscicapa pica BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 42, 1783 — based on DAUBENTON, PI. enl. 675, fig. i, Cayenne. Muscicapa bicolor GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 946, 1789 — based on DAUBENTON, PI. enl. 566, fig. 3, Cayenne. Fluvicola bicolor CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 703, 1848 — British Guiana. Fluvicola pica SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 148, 1855 — Bogota; TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 85 — Trinidad; LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 205, 1866 — Trinidad; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 97, 1868 — Forte do Sao Joaquim do Rio Branco; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Venezuela; idem, I.e., 1875, p. 237 — San Cristobal, Tachira; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 332 — Lake B Although synonymized by Gray (Cat. Gen. and Subgen. Birds, p. 48, 1855) with Arundinicola D'ORBIGNY, Myiophila appears to have been based on Muscicapa pica rather than on Pipra leucocephala LINNAEUS, as far as one can judge from Reichenbach's drawings. Fortunately, the name is a synonym in either case. 82 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Paturia, Rio Magdalena; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 291 — British Guiana; SCLA- TER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 35, 1885 — Georgetown, Cayenne, Valencia (Venezuela), Bogotd; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 37, 1894 — mouth of Cipero River and Princestown, Trinidad; ALLEN, I.e., 13, p. 151, 1900 — Cienaga; ROBINSON, Flying Trip, p. 160, 1895 — Baranquilla and Rio Magdalena; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumana; BERLEPSCH and HAR- TERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 34, 1902 — Altagracia, Caicara and Ciudad Bolivar (Orinoco River), La Pricion (Caura River); MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Paris, 10, p. 116, 1904 — Macouria, French Guiana; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 21, 1906 — Seelet and Caroni Swamp, Trinidad; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 125, 1908 — Cayenne; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 95, 1909 — Guanoco, Orinoco delta; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1913, p. 203 — Manimo River, Venezuela; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 216, 1916 — Orinoco Valley up to the mouth of the Meta; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 431, 1917 — Turbaco, Cali, La Manuelita, Rio Frio, Honda, Calamar, La Playa, Colombia; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 73, 1918 — near Paramaribo, Surinam; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 137, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mts., Bartica, Bonasika River, Abary River, George- town; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 387, 1922 — Cienaga, Fundaci6n, Dibulla and Trojas de Cataca, Santa Marta region; DELACOUR, Ibis, 1923, p. 147 — Guarico, Venezuela. Range: Trinidad; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela, from the north coast south to the Orinoco and its tributaries; Colom- bia; northern Brazil (upper Rio Branco)a. 26: Colombia (Atrato River i, Turbaco i, Rio Cauqueta 2, Cali i, Bogotd 2) ; Venezuela (Encontrados 2, Catatumbo River 6, Altagracia i, Rio Aurare, Zulia i; Maracay, Aragua i; Lake Valencia 3); British Guiana (Georgetown 3); Brazil (Serra da Lua, Rio Branco i); Trini- dad (Seelet i). *Fluvicola pica albiventer (Spix)b. WHITE-BELLIED WATER-TYRANT. Muscicapa albiventer SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 21, pi. 30, fig. i, ("mas"), 1825 — part, descr. of "male," Brazil (type in Munich Museum examined ;=juv.). » Not having seen any Peruvian material, I am unable to ascertain whether birds from that country should be referred to F. p. pica or F. p. albiventer; consequently the subjoined references could not be allocated. Fluvicola pica SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S.-Lond., 1866, p. 187 — Upper Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 277 — Upper Ucayali, Pebas; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 205, 1884 — Ucayali, Pebas. Fluvicola albiventris SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, P- 978— Pebas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 36, 1888 — part, spec, b, Pebas. b Fluvicola pica albiventer (Spix) principally differs from its northern representa- tive by lacking the white on upper back and scapulars; black instead of white upper tail-coverts, and much narrower white edges to secondaries and rectrices. Material examined. — Brazil: Goyaz 2, Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso i, Piauhy i, Maranhao i, Ceara 3, Calama, Rio Madeira i, unspecified 2. Argentina: Buenos Aires 2, Corrientes i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 83 Flavicola bicolor (not of GMELIN) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 58, 1837 — no locality given; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 343, 1839 — Corrientes, and Chiquitos, Bolivia (spec, in Paris Museum examined); BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 520, 1856 — Brazil. Fluvicola albiventris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 97, 1868 — Goyabeira, Goyaz, and Rio Araguay (Goyaz), Engenho do Gama (Matto Grosso); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 577 — Mexiana; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 633 — Conchitas, Buenos Aires; HUDSON, I.e., 1870, p. 113 — Buenos Aires; DURN- FORD, Ibis, 1878, p. 59 — Buenos Aires; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 121, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 36, 1888 — Mexiana, Belgrano (Buenos Aires), Bolivia; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 269, 1890 — Santarem; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 129 — Lower Pilcomayo; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Corumbd, Matto Grosso; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 9, 1895 — Bahia Negra and Colonia Risso (Paraguay), Corumbd (Matto Grosso); idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — Caiza, Bolivia; idem, I.e., 15, No. 378, p. 6, 1900 — Carandasinho, Matto Grosso; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Villa Concepcion, Paraguay; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Tucuman; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. in — Colonia Risso, Paraguay; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Joazeiro, Santa Rita, Rio Preto (Bahia), The- rezina (Piauhy); SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 523, 1913 — Lower Amazonia; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 379, 1914 — Rio Iriri, Rio Tapaj6z (Pinhel), Maraj6 (Chaves, S. Natal), Arumanduba, Monte Alegre, Rio Maecuru (Ig. de Paituna); MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 57, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso. Fluvicola albiventer HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 653, 1906 — note on type; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 258, 1907 — Santarem and Buenos Aires; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 191, 1909 — Barracas al Sud (Buenos Aires), Mocovi and Ocampo (Santa F£), Lagunas de Malvinas (Tucuman); HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 284, 1910 — Calama, Rio Ma- deira; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 317, 1910 — Cordoba, Tucuman, Chaco, Buenos Aires; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1913 — Asuncion; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 392, 1916 — La Plata; SERIE and SMYTH, El Hornero, 3, p. 49, 1922 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 71 — La Rioja; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 645, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 314, 1925 — Corrientes (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 308, 1926 — Formosa, Terr. Formosa. Range: Brazil, from the Amazon and the Rio Madeira south to Goyaz and Matto Grosso ; eastern Bolivia (Chiquitos, Caiza) ; Para- guay ; and northern Argentina, from the Pilcomayo south to Buenos Aires. 4 : Brazil (Quixada, Ceara 2 ; Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas, Bahia i ; Arara, Piauhy i). *Fluvicola climazura climazura ( Vieillof). COURIER WATER-TYRANT. Oenanthe climazura VIEILLOT in Vieillot and Oudart, Galerie Ois., i (2), p. 255, pi. 157, 1824 — "Bre"sil." 84 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscicapa mystacea SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 22, 1825 — "in provincia Bahia" (type in Munich Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 654, 1906 (crit.). Muscicapa mystax SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, pi. 313, 1825. Fluvicola cursoria SWAINSON, Zool. Illust., (2nd ser.), 2, pi. 46, 1831 — Pernambuco. Platyrhynchus pseudogillia LESSON, Rev. Zool., 2, p. 101, 1839 — Brazil (type in Rochefort (France) Museum). Entomophagus mystaceus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 782, 1831 — Bel- monte and Itahype Rivers, southern Bahia. Fluvicola mystacea BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 519, 1856 — eastern Brazil. Fluvicola climacura PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 97, 1868 — Brazil [ = Bahia| (spec, examined); FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 340 — Pernambuco; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 36, 1888 — Bahia, Pernambuco; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 40 — Bahia City; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Beberibe and Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Cabul£ (Bahia), Ilha Grande, Lake of Parnagua, and littoral of Piauhy. Fluvicola climazura IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 258, 1907 — Bahia; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, p. 439, 478, pi. 9, fig. i (nest), 1914 — Cidade da Barra, Bahia. Range: Eastern Brazil, in states of Bahia (Caravellas, Belmonte, Itahype; Sao Amaro and Cabule, near Bahia city; Barra, Rio Sao Fran- cisco), Pernambuco, Ceara, Piauhy, and Maranhao. 12: Brazil, Bahia (Sao Amaro i); Ceara (Serra Baturite i, Quix- ada 2, Jua, near Iguatii 5) ; Maranhao (Barra do Corda 2, Codo, Cocos i). *Fluvicola climazura atripennis Sclater*. BLACK-WINGED WATER- TYRANT. Fluvicola atripennis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 280, 1860 — Babahoyo, Ecua- dor; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1877, p. 319, 325 — Pozo de Lambedero, near Lechu- gal, Prov. Tumbez, Peru; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 553 — Guayaquil and Chimbo; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 206, 1884 — Tumbez, Lechugal, Santa Luzia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 37, 1888 — Babahoyo, San Lucas, Ecuador; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 87 — Yaguachi; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — Vinces and Balzar, Ecuador (crit.). Range : Southwestern Ecuador (Prov. Manabi and south) and adja- cent districts of the Peruvian Province of Tumbez. 2: Ecuador (Quevedo i, Milagro i). • Fluvicola climazura atripennis SCLATER, in spite of its widely separated range, merely differs from its Brazilian ally by deeper black wings with distinct white apical margins to the inner secondaries, and possibly slightly paler, less brownish back. Its presence on the west coast presents a highly interesting zoogeographical problem. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 85 Genus ARUNDINICOLA D'Orbigny. Arundinicola D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. meiid., Ois., p. 334, 1839 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1841, p. 40) Pipra leucocephala LINNAEUS. *Arundinicola leucocephala (Linnaeus). WHITE-HEADED MARSH- TYRANT. Pipra leucocephala LINNAEUS, Mus. Ad. Frid., 2, Prodr., p. 33, 1764 — locality not indicated; idem, Syst. Nat., i2th ed., i, p. 340, 1766 — Surinam. Muscicapa dominicana SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 21, pi. 29, fig. 2 (= d"), pi. 30, fig. 2 (=9), 1825 — ''in provincia Parae" (types in Munich Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Abhdl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 654, 1906 (crit.). Muscicapa albiventer SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 21, 1825 — part, "female" (spec, in Munich Museum examined). Muscicapa leucocephala WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 822, 1831 — Rio de Janeiro and Cabo Frio, Prov. Rio. Alecturus leucocephalus LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 54, 1837 — Corrientes, and Chiquitos, Bolivia (spec, in Paris Mu- seum examined). Arundinicola leucocephala D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me"rid., Ois., p. 334, 1839 — Rio de Janeiro, Corrientes, Moxos and Chiquitos; CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 703, 1848 — coast of British Guiana; BURMEISTER, Syst. tibers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 512, 1856 — Lake near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes ; LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 207, 1866 — Trinidad; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 98, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Sapitiba, Cuyabd; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 978 — Pebas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 252 — Plain of Valencia, Venezuela; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 277 — Pebas; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 357 — Lagoa Santa (Minas), Agoas Pretas, near Taubat6 (Sao Paulo), Taipii (Rio de Janeiro) ; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 332 — Lake Paturia and Cienaga, Colombia; FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 341 — Recife and Caxanga (Pernambuco), Parahyba; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1881, p. 437 (cranial characters); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 207, 1884 — Pebas; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 291 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 122, 1888 — Corrientes; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 37, 1888 — Bogota, Valencia, Maruria, Cayenne, Bartica Grove, Pebas, Pernambuco, Bahia, "Rio Claro, (Goyaz)," "Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul"B; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 269, 1890 — Santarem (nest descr.); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — Reyes, Bolivia; idem, I.e., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Corumba, Matto Grosso; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 129 — Lower Pilcomayo; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 37, 1894 — mouth of the Cipero River, Trinidad; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 178, 1899 — Piquete and Iguap6, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 6, 1900 — Carandasinho, Matto Grosso; BERLEPSCH and HART- ERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 34, 1902 — Altagracia and Caicara, Orinoco; HELLMAYR, I.e., 13, p. 21, 1906 — Caroni, Trinidad; NICOLL, Ibis, 1906, p. 668 — Isl. Ita- " Locality erroneous (see Ihering, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 124, 1899). 86 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. parica, Bahia; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 258, 1907 — Iguap£, Piquete, Cachoeira, Avanhandava, Bebedouro, Sao Paulo; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 40, 1908 — Rio Araguaya, Goyaz; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 125, 1908 — Cayenne; HAGMANN, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 26, p. 30, 1909 — Mexiana; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 95, 1909 — Guanoco, Orinoco delta; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Santa Rita, Rio Preto (Bahia), littoral of Piauhy; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 317, 1910 — Corrientes, Pilcomayo; idem, I.e., 23, p. 328, 1912 — Villa Rica and San Rafael, Paraguay; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. in — Monte Alto (Paraguay), Alto Paraguay (Bolivia); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 129, 1912 — Cachou- eira, Maraj6; STONE, Proc. Ac. N. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 203 — Buelta Triste and Boca Uracoa, Manimo River, Venezuela; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 523, 1913 — Lower Amazon and Maraj6; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 379, 1914 — Peixe-Boi, Quati-puni, Maraj6, Mexiana, Arumanduba, Monte Alegre, Cus- sary; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Pirayu, Paraguay; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 217, 1916 — Orinoco River (nest descr.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 434, 1917 — Turbaco and Cala- mar, Rio Magdalena; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., p,p. 57, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 74, 1918 — near Paramaribo, Surinam; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 140, 1921 — British Guiana (numerous localities); TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 387, 1922 — Fundaci6n, Punto Caiman, Trojas de Cataca, Santa Marta district; PINTO-PEIXOTO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 272, 1923 — Maraj6; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 187, 1925 — Chiquitos, Corrien- tes; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 310, 1926 — Riacho Pilaga, Formosa (habits). Range: Trinidad; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela; northern Colombia (lower Magdalena Valley; Santa Marta district; "Bogota"); Brazil, from the Rio Branco south to Sao Paulo and Matto Grosso; eastern Bolivia; Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina (Cor- rientes). 35: Venezuela (Encontrados, Zulia 15, Catatumbo River, Zulia 5; Lake Valencia, Aragua 2) ; French Guiana (Cayenne i) ; British Guiana (Georgetown 2, unspecified i); Brazil (Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco 6; Tury-assu, Maranhao i, Boa Vista, Maranhao i; Var- zea Formosa, Ceara i). Genus PYROCEPHALUS Gould. Pyrocephalus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 44, 1839 — types "Pyrocephalus parvirostris GOULD and Muscicapa coronata (auct.)" = Muscicapa rubinus BODDAERT. *Pyrocephalus rubinus rubinus (Boddaerf). SCARLET FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa rubinus BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 42, 1783 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 675, fig. 2 and Buffon's "Le Rubin, de la riviere des Amazones." 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY~HELLMAYRV 87 Muscicapa coronata (not of MULLER 1776) GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 932, 1789 — based on the same; WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 880, 1831 — Rio Grande do Sul ( = male). Muscipeta strigilata WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 900, 1831 — Camamu, south of Bahia (= female). Pyrocephalus parvirostris GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 44, pi. 6, 1839 — La Plata; BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 456, 1861 — Parana. Muscipeta coronata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — part, Maldonado, Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Chiquitos and Moxos (Bolivia). Suiriri coronata D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. meYid., Ois., p. 336, 1839 — part, Maldonado, Montevideo, Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Chiquitos (Bolivia). Pyrocephalus coronatus BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Banda Orien- tal and Parana; STERNBERG, I.e., 17, p. 261, 1869 — Buenos Aires (nesting habits). Pyrocephalus rubineus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 22, p. 113, 1854 — Quixos, Ecua- dor; idem and SALVIN, I.e., 1866, p. 189 — Upper and Lower Ucayali, Peru; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos; idem, I.e., p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 114, 1868 — part, Ypanema, Cimeterio [do Lambari], ItararS, Jaguaraiba, Rio Parana, Rio das Velhas, Corumbd, Jos6 Diaz, Taquaral (Rio dos Piloens), Cuyabd, Engenho do Gama, and Matto Grosso (spec, examined); HUDSON, P. Z. S. Lond., 1872, p. 808 — Buenos Aires (habits); SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1873, p. 281 — Ucayali and Santa Cruz, Peru; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 178 — Baradero, Buenos Aires; GIBSON, Ibis, 1880, p. 27 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires (habits); WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 607 — Monte Grande, Buenos Aires; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 201, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios (nest descr.); DAL- GLEISH, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edinb., 8, p. 83, 1884 — Uruguay (nest and eggs descr.); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 307, 1884 — part, Santa Cruz, Ucayali, Xeberos, Pebas; GIBSON, Ibis, 1885, p. 280 — Paysandu; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 136, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 652, 1888 — Argentina (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 211, 1888 — part, spec, a', b', i'-w', Pebas, Rio Ucayali, "Branas," Bahia, Rio, Buenos Aires, La Plata, Mendoza, Rivadavia, Punta Lara; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 466 — Lomas de Zamora, Prov. Buenos Aires; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 87, 1889 — Reyes and Falls of the Madeira, Bolivia; idem, I.e., p. 235, 1889 — Bahia (note on Wied's type); BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 302, 1889 — Yarina Cocha, Ucayali, Peru; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1890, p. 425; 1891, p. 16; 1892, p. 200 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; KERR, I.e., 1892, p. 130 — lower Pilcomayo; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 338, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso (molt, plumages, measurements); APLIN, Ibis, 1894, P- r8o — Montevideo and Santa Elena, Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. n, 1895 — Colonia Risso and Porto Pagani, Paraguay, and Corumbd, Matto Grosso; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 16, 1897 — Salta and Caiza (Bolivia); idem, I.e., 15, No. 378, p. 7, 1900 — Urucum and Carandasinho, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 127, 1899 — 88 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mundo Novo, Barra do Rio Camaquam, and Pedras Brancas; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 202, 1899 — Iguape' and Cachoeira, Sao Paulo; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 226 — Villa Concepcion, Paraguay; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902 — Rio Sali and Malvinas, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — same localities; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 455, 496 — Tolomosa and Tatarenda, Bolivia; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Salta; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 221, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 435, 1905 — Rio Jurud; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 291, 1907 — Cachoeira, Iguape", Bebedouro, Itapurd, Franca, Barretos, Rio Feio (Sao Paulo), and Rio Jurud; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. u, 1908 — Cachoeira, Bom Lugar, and Monte Verde, Rio Purus; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. EH. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Parnagua and Bandeira, Piauhy; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 593 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. 121 — Los Ynglases, Aj6, Prov. Buenos Aires (plumages); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 380, 1914 — Rio Xingii (Victoria), Rio Iriri (Sta. Julia), Rio Curud, "Monte Alegre," Rio Purvis; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc.. d'Orn., 9, p. 58, 1917 — Ca- ceres and Pocon6, Matto Grosso; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 404 — Cape San Antonio; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 151, 1918 — Mendoza; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 21, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Florida, Flores, Colonia, and San Jose", Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., 2, p. 269, 1922 — Rosas, Buenos Aires; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 50, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 169, 1923 — San Isidro, Buenos Aires. Pyrocephalus strigilatus REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, P- 332 — Lagoa Santa, Sete Lagoas, Aldea de Estives (near Uberaba), and Paracatii, Minas Geraes (crit.). Pyrocephalus rubinus rubinus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 357, 1907 — Humay- tha, Rio Madeira; I.e., 15, p. 52, 1908 — Goyaz, Rio Thesouras, and Rio Araguaya, Goyaz; idem, I.e., 17, p. 300, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira ;HARTERT and VENTURI, I.e., 16, p. 202, 1909 — Barracas al Sud, Buenos Aires and La Soledad, Entrerios; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 343, 1900 (range in Argentina); idem, I.e., 23, p. 329, 1912 — Villa Rica, Ytape\ and Ytape"-mini, Paraguay; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 38, 1916 — Mendoza; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 394, 1916 — La Plata; MARELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 79, 1918 — Curuzu Cuatia, Corrientes; DABBENE, I.e., p. 238, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 649, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 334, 1926 — Argentina and Uruguay. Pyrocephalus Pyrocephalus rubinus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 470, 1917 — La Morelia, Rio Caqueta, Colombia. Range: Brazil, from the Amazon south to Matto Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul; Uruguay; Paraguay; northern Argentina, south to the Rio Negro; eastern Bolivia; northeastern Peru, east of the Eastern Cor- dillera (plains of Huallaga and Ucayali Rivers), north through eastern Ecuador (Prov. Quixos) to southeastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta) a. • Birds from the interior of Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina appear to agree with others from the Peruvian Amazon which we may regard as typical rubinus. Material examined. — Peru: Iquitos i, Yurimaguas 4. Brazil: Rio Punis i; Parnagua, Piauhy 2; Bahia 2; Goyaz i; Villa Bella de Matto Grosso 3, Cuyabd 2, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 89 24: Peru (Yurimaguas 4); Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 3); Brazil (Chapada 5, Urucum de Corumba 2, Conceicao, Matto Grosso i); Argentina (Caraguatay, Misiones 3); Uruguay 6. ^Pyrocephalus rubinus major Pelzeln*. GREATER SCARLET FLY- CATCHER. Pyrocephalus major PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 115, footnote, 1868 — locality unknown (type in Vienna Museum examined). Pyrocephalus rubineus (not of BODDAERT) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 186 — Cosnipata, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 307, 1884 — part, Cosnipata. Range: Southeastern Peru, in depts. of Cuzco (Cosnipata and Huiro, Urubamba Valley) and Puno (Chaquimayo, Sierra of Carabaya). i: Peru (Huiro i). ^Pyrocephalus rubinus obscurus Gould*. PACIFIC SCARLET FLY- CATCHER. Chapada 5, Engenho do Gama 2, Corumba 3; Rio das Velhas, Minas Geraes i; Sao Paulo, Rio Parand 3, Ypanema 2, Lambari i; Jaguaraiba, Parand i. Bolivia: Buenavista 3. Argentina: La Soledad, Entrerios 2; Buenos Aires 5; Rio Sali, Tucu- man 2. » . a Pyrocephalus rubinus major PELZELN : Nearest to P. r. rubinus, but decidedly larger, with considerably longer tail and much heavier bill ; upper parts darker, more sooty, though not black as in P. r. saturatus; similar to P. r. obscurus (heterurus phase) in size and dark upper parts, but without the white border to the outer web of the outermost rectrix. Wing (three adult males) 78-82; tail 61-63; bill 14-15^. I am unable to unite the birds from southeastern Peru with any other form and propose to separate them — provisionally at least — under Pelzeln's term. The type, an adult male of unknown origin, purchased from the natural history dealer Frank (Leipzig) in 1842 (Vienna Museum, No. 19426) agrees with the Huiro bird in Field Museum and another male from Chaquimayo (Munich Museum, No. 16.331) with both of which it was directly compared. In its large bill and very dark sooty upper plumage, this form closely approaches certain specimens from the vicinity of Lima (in the "heterurus" phase), but averages even larger and lacks the whitish border to the outermost rectrix. The female is unknown. b Pyrocephalus rubinus obscurus GOULD : In normal plumage, the male differs from P. r. rubinus by larger size, heavier bill, darker sooty upper parts, and by hav- ing the outer web of the outermost rectrix conspicuously margined with whitish. The fuscous brown specimens (of both sexes), long considered as specifically different, certainly constitute but a melanistic variant, many specimens showing more or less admixture of bright scarlet feathers on those parts which are red in the adult male of the normal phase (heterurus). This dusky phase is only known to occur on the Peruvian west coast from Lima south to Arequipa (Tambo Valley). Specimens (in the normal phase) from Colombia, Ecuador, and northwestern Peru (Libertad, Tumbez, and the upper Marafion Valley) are somewhat smaller and average lighter above, while the females are less richly colored below. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 6; Cali, Cauca 3; Medellin, Antioquia i ; Caldas 2. Ecuador: Ibarra 2, Chillo Valley 3, Milagro i. Peru: Tumbez i; Pacas- mayo 2; Trujillo 2; Menocucho 2; Cajamarca 3; Vina (Huamachuco) 3; Callao i, Lima 9, Vitarte 3, Santa Eulalia 6, Chosica 3; lea 5; Islay 3, Tambo Valley 4. Chile: Chacalluta, Tacna 4. 90 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pyrocephalus obscurus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 45, 1839 — Lima, Peru (=melanistic variety); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 99 — near Lima; idem and SAL VIN, I.e., 1868, p. 175 — Tambo Valley, Dept. Arequipa; SAL VIN, Ibis, 1874, P- 3*3 (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 215, 1888 — Lima, Callao, Tambo Valley, Peru; BERLEPSCH and STOLZ- MANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 381 — Lima and lea. Muscipeta coronata (not of GMELIN) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — part, Lima and Arica. Suiriri coronata D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 336, 1839 — part, Tacna, Arica, and Lima. Myiarchus coronatus TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 273, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 155, 1846 — coast region of Peru. Myiarchus atropurpureus TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 273, 1844 — Peru (=melanistic variety); idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 156, 1846 — coast region of Peru. Pyrocephalus rubineus (not of BODDAERT) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota; idem, I.e., 1866, p. 99 — Lima; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1867, p. 987 — Catarindos Valley, coast of Arequipa; idem, I.e., 1868, p. 175 — Tambo Valley; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 538 — Lima; idem, I.e., 1877, p. 326 — Tumbez; idem, I.e., p. 332 — Palmal; idem, I.e., p. 752 — Tumbez (nest and egg descr.); idem, I.e., 1879, p. 235 — Pacasmayo; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 515 — Medellin, Colombia (nest and egg descr.); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Callacate; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 424 — Payta and Callao; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., p. 558 — Guayaquil and Chimbo; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 307, 1884 — part, Chimbote, Pacasmayo, Tumbez, Guajango, Callacate, Paucal, Cajamarca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 211, 1888 — part, spec, o-x, z, c'-h', Choc6 Bay, Pallatanga, Chillo Valley, Guayaquil, Babahoyo, Puna Isl., Intac, Santa Rita, Catarindos Valley, Islay, Tambo Valley, and Payta; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 12, 1895 — Malca (Cajamarca), Vina and Succha (Huamachuco) ; SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrl., Suppl., 4, p. 712, 1898 — Capillao, Chile; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 306 — Ambalema, Colombia; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 12, 1899 — Ibarra, La Concepcion, Tumbaco, Guayaquil, Vinces, and Balzar, Ecuador; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — Popayan (Colombia), Ibarra and Chillo Valley, near Quito, Ecuador; MENE- GAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"og. Mes. Arc Me'rid. Equat., 9, p. 657, 1911 — Tumbaco and Santo Domingo; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — Cumbaya and Zambiza, Ecuador. Pyrocephalus nanus (not of GOULD) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., 28, p. 282, 1860 — Babahoyo; idem, I.e., p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., 9, p. 236, 1870 — Puna Island. Pyrocephalus rubineus coronatus TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 310, 1884 — Lima» Tacna, Arica. Pyrocephalus rubineus obscurus TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 311, 1884 — Lima (crit.). Pyrocephalus rubineus heterurus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 381 — Lima (type) and lea; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 488, 1898 — Ibarra, IQ27- BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 91 Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 470, 1917 — Tumaco, Caldas, San Antonio, Cali, La Manuelita, Miraflores, Popayan, below Anda- lucia, Chicoral, Honda, Colombia; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Paita, Sullana, Huancabamba, and Bellavista, Peru. Range: Colombia west of the Eastern Andes (except Santa Marta region); western Ecuador; western Peru (Pacific Coast and upper Mar- anon Valley); extreme northern Chile (Prov. Tacna). 32: Colombia (Cali i, Caldas 2, Medellin i, Bogota 3); Ecuador (Milagro i); Peru (Cajamarca i, Hacienda Limon, ten miles west of Balsas i, Pacasmayo 2, Trujillo 2, Menocucho 2, Vitarte 3, Santa Eulalia 6, Chosica 3); Chile (Chacalluta, Prov. Tacna 4). *Pyrocephalus rubinus saturates Berlepsch and Hartert*. BLACK- BACKED SCAHLET FLYCATCHER. Pyrocephalus rubinus saturatus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 34, 1902 — Altagracia, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 217, 1916 — Orinoco region (nest and egg descr.); TODD and CAR- RIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 355, 1922 — Dibulla and Rio Hacha, Santa Marta region. Myiarchus coronatus (not Muscicapa coronata GMELIN) SCHOMBURGK, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 700, 1848 — Savannah of British Guiana = Pirara (see I.e., i. P- 394. 1847). Pyrocephalus rubineus (not of BODDAERT) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 114, 1868 — part, Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 250 — Plain of Valencia, Venezuela; SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, p. 202 — Valle Dupar; idem, I.e., 1880, p. -125 — Valencia; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 297 — British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 211, 1888 — part, spec, a-f, k-m, British Guiana, Valle Dupar, Valencia, Venezuela, "Trinidad." Pyrocephalus saturatus CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 219, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mountains and Annai; DELACOUR, Ibis, 1923, p. 147 — Llanos of Guarico and Apure, Venezuela. Range: British Guiana and adjacent parts of northern Brazil (Rio Branco) ; Venezuela, south to the Orinoco basin ; and northern Colom- bia (Santa Marta region)6. 24: Brazil (Boa Vista, Rio Branco 5, Serra da Lua, near Boa Vista i) ; British Guiana (Annai 2) ; Venezuela (Maracay, Aragua 1 1 ; Mara- • Pyrocephalus rubinus saturatus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT: Easily distinguished from the other continental races by markedly smaller size and the much darker, sooty black upper parts of the adult male. Wing (male) 69-73; tail 52-57. Material examined. — Brazil: Rio Branco 12. British Guiana: Annai 3. Vene- zuela: vicinity of Cumana 10; Maracay, Aragua 10; Puerto Cabello i ; Maracaibo 4; Encontrados i; Altagracia, Orinoco River 10; Suapure i, La Pricion, Caura 2. Colombia: Valle de Upar i, Valencia 3. b There is no authentic record for its occurrence in Trinidad. 92 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. caibo 2 ; Rio Aurare, ten miles east of Altagracia, Zulia 2 ; Encontrados, Zulia i). *Pyrocephalus rubinus mexicanus Sclater. VERMILION FLYCATCHER. Pyrocephalus mexicanus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 45, 1859 — Mexico; BAIRD, BREWER, and RIDGWAY, Hist. N. Amer. Birds, 3, p. 520, 1874 — near Tucson, Arizona (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 213, 1888 — part, southern California and Mexico. Pyrocephalus rubineus var. mexicanus BAIRD, BREWER, and RIDGWAY, Hist. N. Amer. Birds, 2, p. 387, pi. 44, fig. 5, 1874 — part, valley of Rio Grande and Gila, Arizona, Mexico. Pyrocephalus rubineus SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 60, 1889 — part, southwestern United States to Mexico (excl. Yucatan and Cozu- mel Island). Pyrocephalus rubinus mexicanus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 475i I9°7 — part, only United States and Mexican (excl. Yucatan) refer- ences and localities; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 78, 1911 — Matamoros, San Fer- nando, and Altamira, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 43, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 93, 1915 — California. Range : Southwestern United States (in southern Texas, New Mex- ico, southwestern Utah, Arizona, and southern California), Lower Cali- fornia, and the whole of Mexico, excluding Yucatan Peninsula. 78: Texas (Brownsville i, Corpus Christi i); New Mexico (Rin- con i); California (Riverside i); Arizona (Phoenix 5, Tucson 3, Fort Thomas i, Fort Lowell i, Fairbank 3, Fort Verde 2, Fort Huachuca 2, Huachuca Mountains i, Huachuca Plains i, Gardner Ranch, Santa Rita Mountains i, Calabasas 31); Mexico (Tampico, Tamaulipas i; Sabinas, Coahuila 2 ; Sonora i ; Escuinapa, Sinaloa 2 ; Iguala, Guerrero 15; City of Mexico i; unspecified i). ^Pyrocephalus rubinus blatteus Bangs*. SOUTHERN VERMILION FLY- CATCHER. Pyrocephalus rubineus blatteus BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, p. 189, 1911 — Sabune district, British Honduras; PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Camp Mengel and Xcopen, Terre Quintana Roo. Pyrocephalus rubineus var. mexicanus BAIRD, BREWER, and RIDGWAY, Hist. N. Amer. Birds, 2, p. 387, 1874 — part, Honduras and Yucatan. Pyrocephalus mexicanus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 213, 1888 — part, Yucatan, Belize, and Guatemala. * Pyrocephalus rubinus blatteus BANGS: Similar to P. r. mexicanus, but bill decidedly broader; male with pileum and under parts more crimson, less orange, about geranium red. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 93 Pyrocephalus ruUneus (not of BODDAERT) SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.- Amer., Aves, 2, p. 60, 1889 — part, Yucatan, Cozumel Island, British Hon- duras, and Guatemala. Pyrocephalus rubinus mexicanus (not of SCLATER) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 475, 1907 — part, Yucatan, Guatemala, British Honduras, and Honduras references and localities. Range : Southern Mexico (Terre Quintana Roo, Yucatan, and Cozu- mel Island) ; Guatemala ; British Honduras, and Honduras. 20: Yucatan (Rio Lagartos 14, San Felipe i, Uxmal i, Ticul i, Buenavista i, Cozumel Island i); British Honduras (Belize River i). Pyrocephalus rubinus nanus Gould. GALAPAGOS VERMILION FLY- CATCHER. Pyrocephalus nanus GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 45, pi. 7, 1839 — Galapagos Archipelago; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 214, 1888 — part, Indefatigable, Charles, and Bindloe Islands; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., IQ» P- 572, 1896 — James Island (full description); ROTHSCHILD and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 6, p. 172, 1899 — James, Indefatigable, Albemarle, Duncan, Jervis, Charles, Abingdon, and Bindloe Islands (crit.); idem, I.e., 9, p. 403, 1902 — Barrington and Albemarle Islands; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 478, 1907 — Galapagos Archipelago (monog.). Pyrocephalus carolensis RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, p. 365, Nov. 1894 — Charles Island; idem, I.e., 19, p. 576, 1896 — Charles Island (monog.). Pyrocephalus intercedens RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, p. 366, Nov. 1894 — ' Indefatigable Island; idem, I.e., 19, p. 575, 1896 — Albemarle and Indefatigable Islands (monog.). Pyrocephalus abingdoni RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, p. 367, Nov. 1894 — Abingdon Island; idem, I.e., 19, p. 578, 1896 — Abingdon and Bindloe Islands (monog.). Pyrocephalus nanus nanus SNODGRASS and HELLER, Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., 5, p. 270, 1904 — Charles, Indefatigable, Duncan, Jervis, James, Albemarle, and Narborough Islands (crit., measurements). Pyrocephalus nanus abingdoni SNODGRASS and HELLER, Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., 5, p. 271, 1904 — Abingdon and Bindloe Islands (crit., measurements). Range: Galapagos Archipelago (Albemarle, Narborough, Charles, James, Jervis, Abingdon, Bindloe, Duncan, and Barrington Islands). Pyrocephalus rubinus dubius Gould. PYGMY VERMILION FLYCATCHER. Pyrocephalus dubius GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 46, 1839 — Galapagos Archipelago = Chatham Island; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., J9» P- 579, 1896 — Chatham Island (monog.); ROTHSCHILD and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 6, p. 173, 1899 — Chatham (crit.); idem, I.e., 9, p. 403, 1902 — Chatham (nest and eggs descr.); SNODGRASS and HELLER, Proc. Wash. Ac. 94 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Sci., 5, p. 272, 1904 — Chatham (crit., measurements); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 480, 1907 — Chatham (monog.). Pyrocephalus nanus (not of GOULD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 214, 1888 — part, spec, e, type of P. dubius GOULD. Pyrocephalus minimus RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12, p. 113, 1890 — Chatham Island. Range: Galapagos Archipelago (Chatham Island). Genus OCHTHORNIS Sclater. Ochthornis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 31, 1888 — type by orig. desig. Elainea littoralis PELZELN. ^Ochthornis littoralis (Pelzeln). NATTERER'S WATER-TYRANT. Elainea littoral-is PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 180, Sept. 1868 — Cachoeira Guajara-guacu, Rio Mamor6; Cachoeira da Bananeira and Borba, Rio Ma- deira (types in Vienna Museum examined). Ochthoeca murina SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond. for Dec. 1871, p. 749, 1872 — Oyapock, French Guiana; idem, I.e., 1881, p. 214 — Corentyn River, British Guiana. Ochthornis littoralis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 31, 1888 — Oyapoc, British Guiana, Iquitos, Sarayacu (Ecuador), Rio Javarri; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 35, 1902 — Bichaco (Orinoco River), Suapure, La Pricion, Nicare (Caura River), Venezuela (spec, examined); IHERING, Cat. F. Braz., i, p. 257, 1907 (range); SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Bom Lugar, Rio Puriis; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 125, 1908 — Oyapock; HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 284, 1910 — Allianca and Calama, Rio Madeira; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 523, 1913 — Lower Amazonia; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 380, 1914 — Rio Jamauchim and Bom Lugar (Rio Purus); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 218, 1916 — Bichaco, R. Orinoco, and Caura Valley; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 431, 1917 — La Morelia, Colombia; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 42, 1920 — Yahuar- mayo, Carabaya, Peru; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 136, 1921 — Ourumee, Brit. Guiana. Ochthornis murina ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — Falls of the Madeira, Bolivia. Range: French and British Guiana; southern Venezuela (Orinoco- Caura region) ; northern Brazil, from the Xingu westwards ; southeast- ern Colombia (Caquetd region), south through eastern Ecuador and Peru to northern Bolivia8. 4: Brazil (Conceicao, Rio Branco i); Peru (Yurimaguas 3). Genus MUSCIGRALLA Lafresnaye and D'Orbignyb. Muscigralla LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 61, 1837 — type Muscigralla brevicauda LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. • Material examined. — Venezuela: Bichaco i, Suapure 3, Nicare i, La Union i, La Pricion 2. Brazil: Rio Madeira 5. Peru: Yurimaguas 3, Yahuarmayo i. b A genus of doubtful affinity, possibly not belonging to this family. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 95 Ochthites CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 277, 1844 — new name for Muscigralla LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. *Muscigralla brevicauda Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny. SHORT-TAILED GROUND-TYRANT. Muscigralla brevicauda LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 61, 1837 — Tacna, "Peru" =Chile (type in Paris Museum examined) ; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me"rid., Ois., p. 354, pi. 39, fig. i, 1847 — Tacna; DBS MURS in Gay, Hist. pol. fis. Chile, Zool., i, p. 338, 1847 — Tacna; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 281, 1860 — Babahoyo, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 326 — • Chile; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 534 — Lima (egg descr.); idem, I.e., 1877, p. 325 — Tumbez; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 223, 1884 — Lima, Guadalupa, Tum- bez, Tacnaa; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 63, 1888 — Lima, Puna Isl., Babahoyo, Guayaquil; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, P- 379 — Lima, Yea; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — Balzar and Puntilla de Santa Elena, Ecuador; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 324, 1925 — Tacna (crit.). Ochthites brevicauda TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 277, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 168, 1846 — "forest region" of Peru (errore). Range : Arid littoral of the Pacific coast from northern Chile (Prov. Tacna) through western Peru north to Province of Guay as, south western Ecuador. ii : Peru (Vitarte, near Lima 4, Trujillo 3, Pacasmayo 4). Genus TUMBEZIA Chapman^. Tumbezia CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 205, p. i, 1925 — type by orig. desig. Ochthoeca salvini TACZANOWSKI. Tumbezia salvini (Taczanowski). SALVIN'S CHAT-TYRANT. Ochthoeca salvini TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 324 — Tumbez (two of the typical specimens examined); idem, I.e., p. 752 — Tumbez; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 200, 1884 — Tumbez; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 25, 1888 — Tumbez. Tumbezia salvini CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H., 55, p. 476, 1926 — Tumbez, Lamor (Piura), Virii (Libertad). Range: Arid littoral of northwestern Peru (depts. Tumbez, Piura, and Libertad). • "Tinta" is included, no doubt, by mistake, among the localities given for this species. b Genus Tumbezia CHAPMAN. Not unlike Satrapa STRICKLAND in shape of bill, inconspicuous rictal bristles, long tail, and type of coloration; but tarsus much longer; wing more pointed with the third, fourth, and fifth primary of nearly equal length; tail slightly rounded instead of distinctly emarginate. This peculiar bird has no near relationship to any other genus, though its ex- tremely long tarsi somewhat recall Muscigralla whose affinities are likewise uncertain. 96 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Genus SATRAPA Strickland. Satrapa STRICKLAND, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 414, 1844 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa icterophrys VIEILLOT. Sisopygis CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 46, 1859 — type by monotypy Muscicapa icterophrys VIEILLOT. *Satrapa icterophrys ( Vieillot}. YELLOW-BROWED TYRANT. Muscicapa icterophrys VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. £d., 21, p. 458, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 183, Paraguay. Muscicapa chrysochloris WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 793, 1831 — Rio Belmonte, Bahia. Sisopygis hellmayri CHUBB, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 29, p. 63, 1907 — Tapacari, Dept. Cochabamba, Bolivia (type examined ;=juv.). Fluvicola icterophrys LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 59, 1837 — Chuquisaca and Chiquitos (Bolivia), Montevideo and Corrientes (spec, examined); DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 53, 1839 — Monte- video and Maldonado, Uruguay. Suiriri icterophrys D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. merid., Ois., p. 338, 1839 — Montevideo, Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Chuquisaca and Sicasica; STRICKLAND, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 414, pi. 12, 1844 — Buenos Aires. Taenioptera icterophrys BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 518, 1856 — Novo Friburgo and Lagoa Santa; idem, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Tucu- man and Parana; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 460, 1861 — Montevideo, Buenos Aires, Parana; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 360 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes. Sisopygis icterophrys CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 46, 1859 — Rio Grande; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 98, 1868 — Ypanema, Curytiba, Cuyaba; idem, Nunquam Otios., 2, p. 291, 1874 — Novo Friburgo; SCLATER and SAL- YIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 141 — Conchitas; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1876, p. 159; 1877, p. 176 — Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 419 — Vipos, Tucuman; GIB- SON, I.e., 1880, p. 29 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 604 — Flores and Punta Lara, Buenos Aires; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 141, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios (nest and eggs); BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 128, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 125, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 41, 1888 — Bahia, Pelotas, Bolivia, Punta Lara, Conchitas, Uruguay; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 227, 1889 — Rio Belmonte (note on Wied's types) ; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 129 — Fortin Page, Rio Pilcomayo; APLIN, I.e., 1894, P- *77 — Santa Elena, Uru- guay; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 9, 1895 — San Jos6, Para- guari, and Colonia Risso, Paraguay; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLMAYR. 97 Salta; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 180, 1899 — Ypiranga and Piquete, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo; idem, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 125, 1899 — [Taquara do] Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul; (?) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 35, 1902 — Altagracia, Venezuela; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 183, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Tucuman; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 219, 1904 — Criolla, Tucuman; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 260, 1907 — Ypiranga, Piracicaba, Pirissununga, Bebedouro, Piquete, Jaboticabal (Sao Paulo), Vargem Alegre and Marianna (Minas Geraes), Espirito Santo; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., i<5, p. 191, 1909 — La Soledad (Entrerios), Barracas al Sud (Buenos Aires); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 318, 1910 — Argentina; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Cabulg and Santa Rita, Rio Preto (Bahia), S. Martin, Rio Parnahyba (Piauhy); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 574 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. 112 — Los Ynglases, Aj6, Buenos Aires (descr. juv.); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 330, 1912 — Paso Yuvay, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Puerto Bertoni; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 218, 1916 — Altagracia, Vene- zuela; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 393, 1916 — La Plata; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 399 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 79, 1918 — Curuzu Cuatia, Corrientes; DABBENE, I.e., p. 236, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Florida, San Jose", Colonia, Uruguay; SERiEand SMYTH, I.e., 3,p.49, 1922 — SantaElena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — Chilecito, La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., 3, p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya and San Isidro, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 645, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 309, 1926 — Lavalle, Buenos Aires, and Tapia, Tucuman. Satrapa icterophrys HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 322, 1925 — Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Montevideo, Chiquitos, and Chuquisaca (crit.). Range : Argentina, from Salta, Tucuman, and La Rioja east to Cor- rientes and Entrerios, south to Buenos Aires; Uruguay; Paraguay; Bra- zil, from Piauhy south to Rio Grande do Sul; Bolivia (Chiquitos; Chu- quisaca; Tapacari, Dept. Cochabamba8) ; (?) Venezuela (Altagracia, Rio Orinoco15). ii : Brazil (Victoria, Sao Paulo i); Bolivia (Buenavista 2); Argen- tina (Quilmes, Prov. Buenos Aires 2; Concepcion, Prov. Tucuman 6). Genus MACHETORNIS Gray. Chrysolophus (not of GRAY 1834) SWAINSON, Classif. Birds, 2, p. 225, July 1837 — type by monotypy Tyrannus ambulans SWAINSON = Tyrannus rixosus VIEIL- LOT. » Adult birds from Bolivia appear to be inseparable from a series of Brazilian and Argentine skins. The characters given for 5. hellmayri are those of the juvenile plumage. Twenty-six specimens from Argentina (6), Brazil (15), and Bolivia (5) examined. b A single female in the Tring Museum is somewhat smaller and much paler beneath than any other specimen examined. Additional material will no doubt lead to the segregation of a Venezuelan race. 98 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Machetornis GRAY, List Gen. Birds, and ed., p. 41, 1841 — new name for Chrysolo- phus SWAINSON. *Machetornis rixosa rixosa ( Vieillof). FIRE-CROWNED TYRANT. Tyrannus rixosus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. £d., 35, p. 85, 1819 — based on Azara, No. 197, Paraguay. Muscicapa joazeiro SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 17, pi. 23, 1825 — Joazeiro, Rio Sao Francisco, Bahia (type in Munich Museum examined). Tyrannus ambulans SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 279, Jan. 1826 — Pernambuco. Muscicapa miles WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 850, 1831 — Nazareth das Farinhas, Rio Jagoaripa, south of Bahia (City). Pepoaza rixosa LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 62, 1837 — Corrientes and Moxos, Bolivia (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me"rid., Ois., p. 350, 1839 — Buenos Aires, Corrientes, and Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Chiquitos, Moxos). Machetornis rixosa (us) BURMEISTER, Syst. tlbers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 514, 1856 — Brazil; idem, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Parana; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 458, 1861 — Parana (egg descr.); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — Cuyaba and [Villa Bella de] Matto Grosso, Matto Grosso; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas; REINHARDT, Vidensk, Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 352 — not found in Minas Geraes; BER- LEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 258, 1873 — Blumenau, Santa Catharina; DOER- ING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1876, p. 159; I.e., 1877, p. 177 — Buenos Aires; SALVIN, I.e., 1880, p. 357 — Salta; FORBES, I.e., 1881, p. 341 — Recife and Cabo, Pernam- buco; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 604 — Flores and Salto, Buenos Aires; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 142, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; HOLMBERG, Act. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 5, p. 79, 1884 — Arroyo Tandileufu, Prov. Buenos Aires; GIBSON, Ibis, 1885, p. 279 — Paysandti, Uruguay; BER- LEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 129, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lambare', Paraguay; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 131, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 52, 1888 — Bahia, Conchitas, Paraguay, Salta, Bolivia (range part, excl. Venezuela); WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 228, 1889 — note on Wied's type; idem, I.e., p. 85, 1889 — " Yungas," Bolivia; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 401, 1890 — Cordoba; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 130 — Lower Pilcomayo; HOLLAND, I.e., 1891, p. 16; 1892, p. 199 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; APLIN, I.e., 1894, p. 178 — Uruguay; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — Villa Rica and Puerto Pagani (Paraguay), and Salta; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — San Lorenzo, Jujuy; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 125, 1899 — Mundo Novo and Pedras Brancas; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Paraguayan Chaco; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 139, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 269, 1902 — 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 99 Iguape", Sao Paulo; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Tucu- man; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Tucuman; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 469 — Tatarenda, Bolivian Chaco; NICOLL, I.e., 1904, p. 40 — Bahia; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Santa Ana and Tapia, Tucuman; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 648, 1906 — note on Spix's type; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 262, 1907 — Iguape1 and Bahia; HARTERTand VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 194, 1909 — Barracasal Sud (Buenos Aires), La Soledad (Entrerios), Tucuman; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Pao de Canoa and Santa Rita, Rio Preto, Bahia, and Santa Philomena, Piauhy; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 320, 1910 — range in Argentina; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 576 — Sapucay and Ybitimi, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. 114 — Los Ynglases, Luiconia (Aj6, Buenos Aires), Villa Franca, Monte Alto, and Colonia Risso (Paraguay), near Goya (Corrientes) ; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 54, 1914 — Puerto Bertoni; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 400 — Cape San Antonio (breeding habits); MENEGAUX, Rev. Prang. d'Orn., 10, p. 318, 1918 — Villa Lutetia, San Ignacio, Misiones; MARELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 225, 1919 — food; TREMO- LERAS, I.e., 2, p. 20, 1920 — Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., 2, p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1922 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, Buenos Aires. Machetornis rixosa(us) rixosa(us) DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 330, 1912 — Mburero, Paraguay; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 393, 1916 — La Plata; DINELLI, El Hornero, x, p. 141, 1918 (nesting habits); MARELLI, I.e., p. 79, 1918 — Curuzu Cuatia, Corrientes; idem, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 646, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 326, 1925 — Corrientes and Moxos (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 305, 1926 — Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay (habits). Range: Brazil, from Maranhao and Piauhy south to Matto Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul ; Uruguay ; Paraguay ; northern Argentina, from the northern boundary line south to Cordoba and Buenos Aires; eastern Bolivia (Moxos, Chiquitos, Santa Cruz)8. 13: Brazil (Cod6, Maranhao i; Sao Francisco, Maranhao 2 ; Arara, Piauhy i ; Ibiapaba, Piauhy i ; Urucum de Corumba, Matto Grosso 3) ; Argentina (El Carrizal, Sierra de Cordoba 2 ; Los Vasquez, Tucuman i) ; Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz i); Uruguay (Treinta y Tres i). ^Machetornis rixosa flavigularis Toddb. NORTHERN FIRE-CROWNED TYRANT. • Twenty-nine specimens from Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, and Bolivia exam- ined. Some of those from Piauhy closely approach M . r. flavigularis. b Machetornis rixosa flavigularis TODD: Very similar to M. r. rixosa, but throat yellow like the breast (not whitish or creamy white) and belly generally of a deeper yellow. In addition to the specimens listed above, I have examined an adult male from Rio Mame"ra, near Caracas, a "Bogota" skin and a series from the Orinoco Valley. ioo FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Machetornis rixosa flavigularis TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, p. 210, 1912 — Tocuyo, State of Lara, Venezuela; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 219, 1916 — Orinoco River; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 432, 1917 — La Playa, lower Magdalena, and Villavicencio, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 387, 1922 — Bonda, Mama- toco, Don Diego, Fundaci6n, Trojas de Cataca, Dibulla, Punta Caiman, and Rio Hacha, Colombia. Machetornis rixosa (not of VIEILLOT) TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 85 — Venezuela; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Caracas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 52, 1888 — part, Venezuela; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 151, 1900 — Cacagualito, Santa Marta; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 36, 1902 — Altagracia and Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco. Machetornis flavigularis STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 65, p. 203, 1913 — • Cano Corosal, Orinoco delta. Range: Venezuela (Orinoco Valley; north coast from Caracas west to the shores of Lake Maracaibo) and northern Colombia (Santa Marta district; lower Magdalena; Villavicencio, at base of eastern Andes). 13: Venezuela (Caracas i; Maracay, Aragua 2; Encontrados, Zulia 7: Rio Aurare, Zulia 3). Subfamily TYRANNINAE. Genus MUSCIVORA Lac6pede. Muscivora LACEPEDE, Tabl. Ois., p. 5, 1799 — type by subs, desig. (FISCHER, Zoognosia, x, p. 54, 1813) Muscicapa forficata GMELIN". Milvulus SWAINSON, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 165, 1827 — type by orig. desig. Tyrannus savana VIEILLOT = Muscicapa tyrannus LINNAEUS. Despotes REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 66, 1850 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) Muscicapa tyrannus LINNAEUS. ^Muscivora forficata (Gmelin). SCISSOR-TAILED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa forficata GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 931, 1789 — based on "Gobe- mouche £ queue fourchue, du Mexique" Daubenton, PI. enl. 677. Ty[rannus\? mexicanus STEPHENS, in Shaw, Gen. Zool., 13 (2), p. 134, 1826 — new name for Muscicapa forficata GMELIN. Milvulus forficatus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 279, 1888 — Texas, Mexico to Costa Rica. Muscivora forficata RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 715, 1907 (monog., full synonymy); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 686, 1910 — Costa Rica; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 107, 1907 — Patulul, San Jos6, and Lake Atitlan, Guatemala. Range : Breeding from southern Kansas to southern Texas, casually to southwestern Missouri, western Arkansas, and western Louisiana; wintering from southern Mexico to Panama. » See Oberholser, Auk, 18, p. 193, 1901. IQ27- BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 101 28 : Texas (Corpus Christ! 10, Cameron Co., Rio Grande i, San Antonio i, Fort Worth 2, Gainesville i); Oklahoma (Kingfisher Co. 2); Tamaulipas (Tampico i) ; Vera Cruz (Pueblo Viejo 4) ; Guatemala (Tec- pain 2, Lake Atitlan i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 2, San Raphael del Norte i). *Muscivora tyrannus (Linnaeus). SWALLOW-TAILED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa tyrannus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., i2th ed., i, p. 325, 1766 — based on Tyrannus cauda bifurca BRISSON, Orn., 2, p. 395, pi. 39, fig. 3, "Canada" (errore) and Cayenne. Tyrannus savana VIEILLOT, Hist. Ois. Amer. Sept., i, p. 72, pi. 43, 1807 (?) — new name for Muscicapa tyrannus LINNAEUS. Muscicapa pJiaenoleucaViEH.^O'T, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat.,nouv. 6d., 21, p. 448, 18 18 — based on Azara, No. 192, Paraguay (=juv.). Tyrannus violentus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 35, p. 89, 1819 — based on Azara, No. 190, Buenos Aires, Montevideo, and Paraguay; BUR- MEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 467, 1856 — Brazil (habits; nest and eggs descr.). Tyrannus milvulus NUTTALL, Man. Orn. U. S. and Canada, 2nd. ed.f p. 307, 1840 — new name for Muscicapa tyrannus LINNAEUS. Tyrannus (Milvulus) monachus HARTLAUB, Rev. Zool., 7, p. 214, 1844 — Guate- mala; LAFRESNAYE, I.e., p. 324, 1844 (crit.;=juv.). Milvulus violentus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 118, 1868 — Oudaria, Taipa, Ypa- nema, Curytiba, Castro, Irisanga, Marabitanas, Brazil (juv. descr.). Milvulus tyrannus TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 332, 1884 — Pebas, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 277, 1888 — Mexico to Buenos Aires; CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 246, 1909 — Margarita Island. Muscivora tyrannus CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 276, 1905 — Grenada and Carriacou; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 718, 1907 (monog., full bibliography); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 296, 1907 — Ypiranga and Jundiahy (Sao Paulo), Rio Jurua, and Santarem; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 269, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 685, 1910 — Costa Rica; DAB- BENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 349, 1910 (range in Argentina); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 380, 1914 — Para, Capanema, Quatipuni, Rio Tapaj6z (Pinhel), Maraj6 (Sao Natal, Tuyuyu), Mexiana, Monte Alegre, Rio Jamunda (Faro); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 479, 1916 — Turbaco, Caldas, Cali, La Manuelita, Barro Blanco, and Chicoral, Colombia; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 237, 1921 — numerous localities; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 338, 1922 — Santa Marta region; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 338, 1926 — Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay (habits). Range: Southern Mexico and southwards through Central Amer- ica and practically the whole of tropical and subtropical South America, io2 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. from the Lesser Antilles (Grenada and Caniacou) south to northern Patagonia, from Peru southwards only east of the Andes; accidental in Mississippi, Kentucky, New Jersey, Maine, and Bermuda. 43: Guatemala (unspecified i); Costa Rica (Orosi 2, Guayabo 3, San Jose" 2); Colombia (Bogota 2, Palmira i, Cali i, Amalfi, Antio- quia i); Venezuela (Macuto, Caracas i, Maracay, Aragua i, Merida i, Valera i, Catatumbo River i); British Guiana (Abary Creek i); Brazil (Boa Vista, Rio Branco 9; Sao Bento, Maranhao i); Argentina (Con- cepcion, Tucuman n); Uruguay (Maldonado i, Treinta y Tres i, Polanco i). Genus TYRANNUS Lace"pede. Tyrannus LACEPEDE, Tabl. Oiseaux, p. 5, 1799 — type "Le Tiran" Buffon = Lanius tyrannus LINNAEUS. Tirannus FISCHER (de Waldheim), National Mus. Naturg. Paris, 2, p. 166, 1 803 — emendation. Dymonax GLOGER, Froriep's Notiz. Geb. Natvir-and Heilkunde, 16, p. 278, 1827 — type Lanius tyrannus LINNAEUS. Laphyctes REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 66, 1850 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) Muscicapa furcata SPIX = Tyr annus melancholicus VIEILLOT. Satdlus REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 66, 1850 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) Muscicapa satellus LICHTENSTEIN MS. = Tyrannus vociferans SWAINSON. Melittarchus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 3, p. 477, 1855 — type Tyrannus magnirostris D'ORBIGNY. Semnarchus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 689, 1907 — type Tyrannus crassirostris SWAINSON. *Tyrannus tyrannus (Linnaeus). KINGBIRD. Lanius tyrannus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., icth. ed., i, p. 94, 1758 — based on Musci- capa corona rubra CATESBY, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i, p. 55, pi. 55, Carolina. [Lanius tyrannus] y. carolinensis GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (i), p. 302, 1788 — based on " Gobe-mouche, de la Caroline" Daubenton, PI. enl. 676. Muscicapa rex BARTON, Fragm. Nat. Hist. Perms., p. 18, 1799 — new name for Lanius tyrannus LINNAEUS. Tyrannus pipiri VIEILLOT, Hist. Nat. Ois. Amei. sept., i, p. 73, pi. 44, 1807 (?) — North America; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 267, 1888 — eastern North America, in winter south to Peru. Muscicapa animosa LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Saugethiere and Vogel Mus. Berlin, p. 1 8, 1818 — based on Lanius tyrannus, 7. carolinensis GMELIN. Tyrannus intrepidus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv, £d., 35, p. 79, 1819 — new name for Lanius tyrannus VIEILLOT. Tyrannus matutinus VIEILLOT, I.e., 35, p. 82, 1819 — based on Lanius tyrannus LATH., var. A, part. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 103 Tyrannus leucogaster STEPHENS, in Shaw, Gen. Zool., 13 (2), p. 133, 1826 — new name for Lanius tyrannus LINNAEUS. (?) Tyrannus vieittotii SWAINSON in Richardson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., 2, p. 138, 1831 — based on Tyrannus intrepidus VIEILLOT, Gal. Ois., i (2), pi. 133, North America. Tyrannus carolinensis RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 471, 1879 (monog.). Tyrannus tyrannus vexator BANGS, Auk, 15, p. 178, 1898 — Merrit's Island, Indian River, Florida; MEARNS, I.e., 19, p. 72, 1902 — southern Florida (crit., nest and eggs descr.). Tyrannus tyrannus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 689, 1907 (monog., full synonymy); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 687, 1910 — Los Cuadros de Irazu and Volcan de Irazri, Costa Rica; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 478, 1916 — Miraflores, San Agustin, and Susu- muco, Colombia; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 268 — Toro Point, Panama; CHURB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 234, 1921 — Abary River; LONN- BERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — Mindo, Ecuador; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 340, 1922 — Bonda, Buritaca, La Tigrera, Trojas de Cataca, and Tierra Nueva, Santa Marta region; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 220, 1922 — Jesusito, Darien; BARBOUR, Mem. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 6, p. 98, 1923 — Cuba; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 318, 1924 — Gamboa and Juan Diaz, Panama; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 24, 1925 — Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. Range: Eastern North America, breeding from southern British Columbia, Mackenzie and Keewatin, northern Ontario, central Que- bec, and Newfoundland south to central Oregon, northern New Mexico, central Texas, and central Florida; wintering from southern Mexico to British Guiana, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia; casually in Cuba and the Bahamas. 56: Saskatchewan (Prince Albert i); Ontario (Mildway i); Maine (Lincoln i); Massachusetts (Natick i, Stony Brook i); Connecticut (East Hartford 2) ; Wisconsin (Beaver Dam 6) ; Illinois (Chicago 4, Calu- met i, Wolf Lake i, Lake Forest i, Deerfield i, Joliet 3) ; Missouri (Holly Springs i); Colorado (Fort Lyon 3); Texas (Corpus Christi 2, Fort Worth 2); Florida (New River 4, Gainesville 2, Enterprise i, Punta Rassa i, Palm Beach 2, near Culter i, Mary Esther 2, Banana River i) ; Bahama Islands (Old Providence i); Mexico (Tampico, Tamaulipas i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 2, San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i); Costa Rica (Limon i); Panama (Colon i, unspecified i); Peru (Yurimaguas 2). *Tyrannus vociferans Swainson. CASSIN'S KINGBIRD. Tyrannus vociferans SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 273, Jan. 1826 — Temascaltepec, Mexico; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. 104 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Nat. Mus., i, p. 480, 1879 (monog.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 269, 1888 — southern California, Arizona, Texas, Mexico, and Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 694, 1907 (monog., full bib- liography); SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 40, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 89, 1915 — California. Tyrannus cassinii LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 5, p. 39, pi. 3, fig. 2, 1852 — Texas. Range: Western North America, breeding from central California and southern Wyoming south to Michoacan and Jalisco, Mexico, and western Texas, wintering from southern California and northern Mexico to Guatemala; casual in Oregon ( ?). 31: Arizona (Calabasas n, Huachuca Mountains 7, Santa Rita Mountains i, unspecified i); California (Monterey 2); Lower Califor- nia (Cape San Lucas i); Chihuahua (Babicora 2); Guerrero (Iguala 6). *Tyrannus verticalis Say. ARKANSAS KINGBIRD. Tyrannus verticalis SAY in Long's Exp. Rocky Mts., 2, p. 60, 1823 — near La Junta, Colorado; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 479, 1879 (monog.); SCLATER, Cat. B, Brit. Mus., 14, p. 269, 1888 — western North America, south to Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 697, 1907 (monog., full bibliography); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 106, 1907 — El Rancho and Patulul, Guatemala; SWARTH, Pacif. CoastAvif., 10, p. 40, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 89, 1915 — California. Range: Western North America, breeding from southern British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan south to northern Lower Cali- fornia and Chihuahua, east to western Minnesota, western Iowa, cen- tral Kansas, and western Texas; wintering from western Mexico to Guatemala; casual in Manitoba; accidental in Missouri, Wisconsin, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, and Maryland. 46: Massachusetts (Great Island, West Yarmouth i); North Da- kota (Cannonball River 4); Colorado (Fort Lyon 4, Troublesome i, Fraser i, Rock Creek, Routt Co. i); Nevada (Truckee River i) Cali- fornia (Dulzura i, Nicasio i, Palo Alto i, Riverside i, Vernon, Los Angeles Co. 2, Monterey i); Arizona (Calabasas 10, Fort Huachuca i, Huachuca Mountains 8); Mexico (Iguala, Guerrero 3); Guatemala(El Rancho, Zacapa 3, Patulul, Solola i). *Tyrannus niveigularis Sclater. SNOWY-THROATED KINGBIRD. Tyrannus niveigularis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 281, 1860 — Babahoyo, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1877, p. 326, 753 — Tumbez (nest and eggs descr.); RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 479, 1879 — Ecuador (ex 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 105 SCLATER); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 29, pi. 3 — Babahoyo and Intac, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 329, 1884 — Tumbez, Guadalupa, and Paucal, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 270, 1888 — Intac and Babahoyo, Ecuador; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 609, 1902 — San Javier and Pambilar, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (descr. juv.); MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£og. Mes. Arc Me"rid. Equat., 9, p. 659, 1911 — Santo Domingo, Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 478, 1917 — Ricaurte, Colombia. Range: Pacific slope of the Andes of southwestern Colombia (Ri- caurte, Prov. Nariiio), Ecuador, and northwestern Peru (in depts. Tumbez, Lambayeque, and Libertad) ». i: Ecuador (Chimbo i). Tyrannus albogularis Burmeister*. WHITE-THROATED KINGBIRD. Tyrannus albogularis BURMEISTER, Syst. Cbers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 465, 1856 — • "das nordliche Waldgebiet Brasiliens bei Bahia and Pernambuco," errore (type in Halle Museum examined); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 1868 — Goyaz, Cuyaba, [Villa Bella de] Matto Grosso, and Sao Vicente, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, P- 329 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 477, 1879 (ex BURMEISTER); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 28 — near Goyaz (crit.); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 276, 1888 — Goyaz; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 271, 1890 — Santarem; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 348, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5» P- 273, 298, 1902 — Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo (egg descr.); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 295, 1907 — Jaboticabal; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 382, 1914 — Monte Alegre. Tyrannus neglectus REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 330, in text — new name for T. albogularis BURMEISTER. Tyrannus niveigularis (not of SCLATER) ALLEN, Bull. Essex Inst., 8, p. 79, 1876 — Santarem. Range: Campos of the interior of Brazil, in states of Sao Paulo (Jaboticabal), Matto Grosso, Goyaz, and Minas Geraes (Lagoa Santa), north to the lower Amazon (Santarem, Monte Alegre). Tyrannus apolites (Cabanis and Heine}". HEINE'S KINGBIRD. •Material examined. — Ecuador: Chimbo i; Pambilar i, San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas 3. b Tyrannus albogularis BURMEISTER, a very distinct species, is immediately recognizable by its deeply emarginate tail, pure white throat, olive yellow foreneck and chest, and very light gray pileum. A single adult male from Monte Alegre (lower Amazon), secured by E. Snethlage on August 9, 1908 agrees well with others from Matto Grosso. Material examined. — Matto Grosso: Cuyaba 4, Chapada i, Rio Manso i, Villa Bella i, Sao Vicente i ; Goyaz City 2; Monte Alegre i ; unspecified (the type) i. 8 Tyrannus apolites (CABANIS and HEINE) : Pileum dark gray; middle of the crown extensively yolk-yellow (without any orange), anteriorly and laterally margined with 106 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Laphyctes apolites CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 77, 1859— locality unknown (the type examined in the Halberstadt Museum is a Rio skin). Tyrannus apolites RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 478, 1879 (ex CABANIS and HEINE); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 276, 1888 — Rio; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 474, 1907 (crit.). Range: Southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). *Tyrannus melancholicus melancholicus Vieillot. AZARA'S KINGBIRD. Tyrannus melancholicus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. eel., 35, p. 48, 1819 — based on Azara, No. 198, Paraguay; BURMEISTER, Syst. (Jbers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 464, 1856 — southern Brazil (habits, eggs descr.); idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 452, 1861 — Argentina (eggs descr.); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Sapitiba, Marambaya, Mattodentro, Porto do Jacarehy, Ypanema, Curytiba, Goyaz, Cuyaba, Brazil; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 327, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — part; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 295, 1907 — localities in Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, Parana, Espirito Santo, and Argentina. Muscicapa furcata SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 15, pi. 19, 1825 — "in locis campestris Brasiliae" (type in Munich Museum examined*). Tyrannus roseus LESSON, Traite" d'Orn., p. 382, 1831 — no locality stated (the type examined in the Paris Museum was obtained by A. de Saint-Hilaire in southern Brazil6). sooty black; back dusky, the margins of the feathers somewhat paler, producing a mottled appearance; upper tail coverts with narrow lateral edges of dull cinnamon rufous; wing coverts dusky, apically edged with dingy whitish; remiges also dusky, the tertials and inner secondaries conspicuously edged with whitish along the outer web; rectrices blackish brown and, with exception of the outermost pair, exteriorly fringed with dull cinnamon rufous; supraloral and superciliary region ashy gray; distinct anteocular spot dusky; auriculars dark sooty gray, forming a dusky patch; sides of neck dark olive gray; throat and foreneck grayish white; remainder of under surface pale sulphur yellow, the chest faintly shaded with olive gray and with hair- like dusky shaft-lines, the latter extending down to the middle of the breast; axillars and under wing-coverts pale sulphur yellow; quills narrowly edged with pale yellow- ish along basal half of inner web; bill black. Wing 108; tail 94; tail-furca 13 ; bill 18^2. This species differs from T. melancholicus by inferior size; much smaller bill; the black encirclement of the bright yolk-yellow crown-patch ; the obsolete dusky mottling of the back; the rufous edgings of the rectrices and upper tail coverts; the much paler under parts, with dingy grayish instead of greenish chest, etc. The coloration of the upper parts, the rufous margins to the tail, and the markings on the sides of the head (except for the gray instead of white superciliaries) remind of Empidonomus varius, which, besides other characters, differs, however, by its much smaller bill. In shape of tail, T. apolites is somewhat intermediate between T. vociferans and T. melan- cholicus, the furca being deeper than in the latter, but shallower than in the former. The bill is very much smaller and shorter than in either of the two, being even slightly slenderer than in Sirystes. The type, a bird in perfectly fresh plumage, is a skin of the well-known "Rio" make. It is still unique in the Heine Collection, now in the Municipal Museum at Halberstadt. • Recent reexamination shows the type to be a specimen of the large southern form with wide greenish chest band and decidedly grayish throat. It is precisely similar to Paraguayan and South Brazilian skins and was, no doubt, obtained some- where in Sao Paulo or Rio de Janeiro. b The pinkish gray color of the throat and chest is due to stain. Otherwise the type is a perfectly typical example of melancholicus. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 107 Tyrannus melancholicus melancholicus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, P- 349. 1910 (range in Argentina); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 377, 1921 (crit., char., range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., J33» P- 337. 1926 — west of Puerto Pinasco (Paraguay), near General Roca (Rio Negro), Victorica (Pampa), San Vicente and Lazcano (Uruguay), Tunuyan (Mendoza). Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (not of CABANIS and HEINE) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 478, 1917 — numerous localities in Colombia. Range: Northern Argentina, south to the Rio Negro; Paraguay; Uruguay ; southern Brazil, north to Espirito Santo, Minas Geraes, Goyaz, and Matto Grosso; eastern Bolivia; Peru; Ecuador; Colombia (except north coast); and northwestern Venezuela (states of Zulia, Trujillo, and Tachira) •. 77: Argentina (Conception, Tucuman 13); Brazil (Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i ; Urucum de Corumba, Matto Grosso i); Bolivia (Rio Espirito Santo, mouth of Rio San Antonio i, Trinidad, Rio Mamore" i); Peru (San Ramon, Chanchamayo 5; Chosica i, Santa Eulalia, Dept. Lima i; Huanuco 6, Chinchao 2, Vista Alegre i, Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco 2 ; Hacienda Limon, ten miles west of Balsas 6 ; Menochuco i ; Chachapoyas i ; Rioja i; Moyobamba 5; Yurimaguas 6); Colombia (Bogota 2; Cali, Cauca i ; El Desconso, Cundinamarca i ; El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose" de Cucuta, Santander i); Venezuela (Colon, Tachira 3; La Ceiba, Trujillo i ; Encontrados, Zulia 10, Catatumbo River, Zulia 3). *Tyrannus melancholicus despotes (Lichtenstein}*. LICHTENSTEIN'S KINGBIRD. Muscicapa despotes LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 55, 1823 — Bahia. Tyrannus crudelis SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 275, Jan. 1826 — northern provinces of Brazil. Tyrannus melancholicus (not of VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — part, Tobago, Trinidad, British Guiana, Mexiana, Para, Pernambuco; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 381, 1914 — Para and lower Amazonian localities. Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (not of CABANIS and HEINE) CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 200 — Aruba; p. 207 — Curasao; p. 246, 1909 — • Birds from Colombia and western Venezuela are difficult to allocate, being inter- mediate between melancholicus and chloronotus. The series from the heavily forested area south of Lake Maracaibo (Encontrados) agrees in coloration with melancholicus, but in size is nearer to chloronotus. Specimens from Colombia and Tachira (Colon), in coloring of under parts, approach the latter so closely, that their reference to chloronotus or melancholicus is largely a matter of personal preference. b Tyrannus melancholicus despotes (LICHTENSTEIN): Differs from 7". m. melan- cholicus in smaller size; much narrower, yellowish olive rather than grayish green chest band, and paler grayish throat. io8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Margarita Island; CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 276, 1905 — Grenada and La Union Island; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sea. Bull., 2, p. 245, 1916 — Orinoco region (nest and eggs descr.). Tyrannus satrapa CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 234, 1921 — numerous lo- calities. Tyrannus melancholicus despotes BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 378, 1921 (crit., char., range). Range: Northern Brazil, south to Bahia, west at least to the Tapa- j6z; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela (except northwest- ern section) ; Islands of Margarita, Trinidad, Tobago, Grenada, and La Union; accidental in Curasao and Aruba, Dutch West Indies. 74: Brazil (Bahia i, Macaco Secco, near Andarahy, Bahia 2, Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia i; Jua, near Iguatu 2, Quixada, Ceara 2; Arara, Piauhy i; Sao Luiz i, Sao Bento i, Cururupu, Maranhao i; Utinga, near Para i ; Santarem, Rio Tapajoz i ; Boa Vista, Rio Branco 4, Serra da Lua, near Boa Vista i); British Guiana (Georgetown 2, Mazaruni River i) ; Venezuela (Margarita Island u ; Caracas 3,Macuto, Caracas i ; Maracay, Aragua 2) ; Curacao i ; Aruba i ; Tobago 33. *Tyrannus melancholicus chloronotus Berlepsch*. BERLEPSCH'S KING- BIRD. (?) Tyrannus sulphuraceus HARTLAUB (ex WURTTEMBERG MS.), Naumannia, 2, Heft 2, p. 52, 1852 — Cienagas de Xagua, Cubab. Tyrannus chloronotus BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 474, 1907 — Temax, Yucatan. Tyrannus melancholicus (not of VIEULLOT) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — part, spec, f, k-o', Tehuantepec, Yucatan, Cozumel, Mugeres, Holbox, Meco Island, Belize (British Honduras), Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Veragua, Panama, Santa Marta; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 101, 1889 — part, southeastern Mexico and Central America to Santa Marta, Colombia. Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (not of CABANIS and HEINE) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 700, 1907 — part, Mexican states of Oaxaca, southern Vera Cruz, Tabasco, Chiapas, and Yucatan, British Honduras, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 107, 1907 — Guatemala; FERRY, I.e., p. 269, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 686, 1910 — Costa Rica; PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 375, 1913 — Camp Mengel and Xcopen, Quintana Roo. • Tyrannus melancholicus chloronotus BERLEPSCH: Similar to T. m. despotes, but chest band still paler, more yellowish; crown slightly paler gray; throat more whitish on anterior portion. b In view of certain discrepancies in the description I hesitate to adopt the name sulphuraceus. Unfortunately, the type has disappeared. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 109 Tyrannus melancholicus chloronotus BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 380, 1921 (crit., char., range); BANGS and BARBOUR, I.e., 65, p. 220, 1922 — Jesusito, Darien,; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., J4» P- 339i I922 — Fundaci6n, Gaira, Bonda, Buritaca, Minca, Don Diego, Cincinnati, and La Tigrera, Santa Marta region. Range : Southern Mexico (in states of Oaxaca, southern Vera Cruz, Tabasco, Chiapas, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo); British Honduras; Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; and northern littoral of Colombia (Cartagena; Santa Marta region); (?) accidental in Cuba. 46: Oaxaca (Cacoprieto, Tehuantepec i); Yucatan (Rio Lagartos 5, San Felipe i, unspecified i); Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel 3, Patu- lul, Solola i, Lake Amatitlan i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinan- dega i, Matagalpa i); Costa Rica (Orosi i, Sanchez i, Boruca i, Buenos Aires 2, Limon3, Guayabo 12); Panama (Balboa 2, Colon 7, El Banco, Chiriqui i); Colombia (Cartagena i). *Tyrannus melancholicus couchii Baird. COUCH'S KINGBIRD. Tyrannus couchii BAIRD, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 9, p. 175, 1858 — Nuevo Leon, Mexico; idem, ed. 1860 (Birds N. Amer.), pi. 49, fig. i. Laphyctes satrapa CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 77, 1859 — type from Mexico. Tyrannus melancholicus (not of VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — part, spec, g, Orizaba; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 101, 1889 — part, Texas and eastern Mexico. Tyrannus melancholicus couchii RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 705, 1907 — lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas and eastern Mexico to Puebla (monog., full synonymy); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Altamira, Santa Leonor, Matamoros, and San Fernando, Tamaulipas; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 381, 1921 — southern Texas and northeastern Mexico (crit.). Range: Southern Texas (lower Rio Grande Valley) and eastern Mexico (in states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, Vera Cruz, and Puebla) . 3: Mexico, Tamaulipas (Tampico i), Vera Cruz (Pueblo Viejo i); unspecified i. *Tyrannus melancholicus occidentalis Hartert and Goodson*. WESTERN KINGBIRD. Tyrannus melancholicus occidentalis HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 412, 1917 — San Bias, Tepic, Mexico; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 381, 1921 — western Mexico (crit.). * Tyrannus melancholicus occidentalis HARTERT and GOODSON: Similar to T. m. chloronotus and about the same size; but under parts much paler yellow, and throat clearer white; similar to T. m. couchii in white throat, but much smaller, yellow of under parts paler, and chest strongly shaded with grayish. no FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tyrannus melancJwlicus (not of VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, Mazatlan, Presidio, and Acapulco; SALVIN and GOD- MAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 101, 1889 — part, western Mexico. Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (not of CABANIS and HEINE) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 700, 1907 — part, in states of Sinaloa, Tepic, Jalisco, Colima, and Guerrero. Range: Western Mexico, in states of Sinaloa, Tepic, Jalisco, Col- ima, and Guerrero. 8: Guerrero (Iguala 8). *Tyrannus dominicensis dominicensis (Gmelin). GRAY KINGBIRD. [Lanius tyrannus] ft. dominicensis GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (i), p. 302, 1788 — based on "Le Tyran, de Sainte Domingue" Brisson, Orn., 2, p. 394, pi. 38, fig. 2. Tyrannus griseus VIEILLOT, Hist. Nat. Ois. Amer. sept., i, p. 76, pi. 46, 1807 (?) — Santo Domingo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 271, 1888 — Florida, Baha- mas, Greater Antilles, and coasts of Central America; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr. Americ., Aves, 2, p. 98, 1889 — Florida, Cozumel Island, Nicar- agua, Panama, Colombia, West Indies. Tyrannus matutinus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 35, p. 82, 1819 — based on Lanius tyrannus LATHAM, var. A, part. Tyrannus titiri TEMMINCK, Tabl. me'th. PI. col., p. 24, 1836 — based on Dauben- ton, PI. enl. 537, Santo Domingo. Tyrannus dominicensis RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 470, 1879 (monog.); CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 131, 1889 — Bahamas, Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Porto Rico, St. Thomas, St. Croix, St. Bartholomew, and Sombrero; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 52, 1902 — Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco, Venezuela; VERRILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 61, p. 361, 1909 — San Domin- go; LOWE, Ibis, 1911, p. 152 — Cayman Islands; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 205 — La Pedrita, Rio Uracoa, Venezuela; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 478, 1917 — Noanama, Banco, and Varrud, Colombia; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 245, 1916 — Orinoco River, from the delta up to the mouth of the Apure River, breeding at Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar. Tyrannus dominicensis dominicensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 706, 1907 (monog., full synonymy); LOWE, Ibis, 1907, p. 562 — Margarita Island ; CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 200 — Aruba; p. 207 — Curacao; p. 212 — Bonaire; p. 225 — Blanquilla; p. 245, 1909 — Margarita Island; TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 7, p. 424, 1911 — Watlings Island and Abaco, Bahamas; idem, I.e., 10, p. 247, 1916 — Bibijagua, Los Indios, and Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines; WETMORE, U. S. Dept. Agric., Bull., 326, p. 75, pi. 7, 1916 — Porto Rico (habits, food); BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 311, 1916 — Grand Cayman and Cayman Brae; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 61, p. 414, 1917 — Monte Crist and Sosua, San Domingo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 268 — Gatun, Panama. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. in Tyrannus curvirostris (not Sitta curvirostris HERMANN)" STRESEMANN, Nov. Zool., 27. P- 329. 1920 (crit.). Tyrannus curvirostris curvirostris TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 338, 1922 — Bonda, Buritaca, Mamatoco, Punta Caiman, Fundaci6n, Rio Hacha, Tucurinca, and Trojas de Cataca, Santa Marta region (winter visitor) ; BARBOUR, Mem. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 6, p. 97, 1923 — 'Cuba. Range: Coast of Georgia, southeastern South Carolina, and Flor- ida; Bahama Islands; Greater Antilles (including the Cayman Islands); Virgin Islands; Islands of Anguilla, St. Eustatius, and Bartholomew, Lesser Antilles'1; coast of Central America and northern South America, from Cozumel Island, Yucatan south to Colombia and Venezuela (Mar- garita Island; La Pedrita, Rio Uracoa; Orinoco River, « etc.). 353: Florida (Sarasota i, Punta Rassa i, Key West 3); Eastern Cuba (unspecified i).; Grand Cayman 6; Little Cayman 4; Cayman Brae 6; Bahamas (Abaco 8, Eleuthera 2, Bimini 2, Old Providence i, Wat- lings i, Long Island i, Aucklin 5, Mariguana 3, Great Inagua 75); Haiti (Jacmel 5, Port au Prince i, Le Coup 5); Santo Domingo (San Domingo City 12, San Cristobal 2, Catare 2, Honduras i, Maimon i, Samana i, Magua i, Aguacate 2, Maniel 5, Puerto Plata 25); Mona Island 4; Porto Rico 32; St. Thomas 3; Virgin Gorda 35; Tortola 8; Anegada 23; St. Croix 19; St. Bartholomew i ; St. Eustatius 7; Anguilla i; Dutch West Indies (Aruba 3, Curagao 6, Bonaire 7); Venezuela (Encontrados, Zulia 6 ; Rio Aurare, Zulia i ; Valera i ; Margarita Island 2); Panama (Colon 3). *Tyrannus dominicensis vorax Vieillot. LARGE-BILLED KINGBIRD. Tyrannus vorax VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 35, p. 90, 1819 — Martinique. Tyrannus rostratus SCLATER, Ibis, 6, p. 87, 1864 — Trinidad and Guiana; RIDG- WAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 470, 1879 (monog.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — Lesser Antilles; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 129, 1889 — Lesser Antilles; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 27, 1906 — Seelet and Laven- tille, Trinidad. Tyrannus dominicensis rostratus RILEY, Smithson. Misc. Coll., 47, p. 287, 1904 — Barbuda and Antigua (crit.) ; CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 276, 1905 — Barbados, St. Vincent, Grenada, and Grenadines (nest and eggs descr.). 8 Sitta curvirostris HERMANN (Tab. Aff. Anim., p. 204, 1783) is based on Buffon's "La Grande Sitelle & bee crochu." This, on its turn, exclusively rests on Sloane's "Loggerhead" (Trav. Jamaica, p. 301, No. 19), in which I fail to recognize the Gray Kingbird, the accompanying figure being utterly indeterminable. b Specimens from these islands are intermediate between dominicensis and vorax. 8 While the majority of the birds met with in South America are certainly but winter visitors, Cherrie found the species breeding in April at Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar, on the Orinoco, Venezuela. ii2 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tyrannus dominicensis vorax RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 710, 1907 — southern Lesser Antilles (monog., full bibliography); BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 125, 1908 — Cayenne, French Guiana; NOBLE, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 381, 1916 — Saint Rose and Goyave, Guadeloupe (crit., habits). Range: Lesser Antilles (from Barbuda and Antigua southwards), migrating in winter to Trinidad and Guiana. 39: Antigua 15; Guadeloupe 3; Dominica 2; Santa Lucia 10; St. Vincent 4; Grenada 4; British Guiana (unspecified i). *Tyrannus cubensis Richmond. GIANT KINGBIRD. Tyrannus magnirostris (not of SWAINSON 1831) D'ORBIGNY in La Sagra's Hist. Nat. Cuba, Ois., p. 80, pi. 13, 1840 — Cuba; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 469, 1879 — Cuba and Bahamas (monog.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 273, 1888 — Cuba and Mugeres Island, Yucatan; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ., Aves, 2, p. 103, 1889 — Mugeres Island, Cuba, Bahamas; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 130, 1889 — Cuba and Inagua Island. Tyrannus cubensis RICHMOND, Auk, 15, p. 330, 1898 — new name for Tyrannus magnirostris D'ORBIGNY preoccupied; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 711, 1907 — Cuba, Bahamas and Mugeres Island, Yucatan (monog., full synonymy); TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 10, p. 247, 1916 — Los Indios, Isle of Pines; BARBOUR, Mem. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 6, p. 98, 1923 — Cuba. Range: Island of Cuba (including Isle of Pines), Greater Antilles; more southern Bahama Islands (Great Inagua; North Caicos; EastCai- cos ; Grand Caicos) ; accidental on Mugeres Island, Yucatan. 6: Cuba (unspecified i); Bahamas (Great Inagua i; Caicos 4). *Tyrannus crassirostris Swainson. THICK-BILLED KINGBIRD. Tyrannus crassirostris SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 273, Jan. 1826 — Mexico; RIDGWAY, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 472, 1879 (monog.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 271, 1888 — western Mex- ico and Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ., Aves, 2, p. 103, 1889 — western Mexico and Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 712, 1907 (monog., full synonymy). Range: Western and southern Mexico (in states of Sinaloa, Jalisco, Colima, Guerrero, Morelos, Puebla, and Oaxaca) and western Guate- mala (Escuintla). 9: Jalisco (Tuxpam i); Guerrero (Iguala 8). Genus EMPIDONOMUS Cabanis and Heine . Empidonomus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 76, 1859 — type by mono- typy Muscicapa varia Vieillot. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 113 *Empidonomus varius varius ( Vieillot). VARIED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa varia VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 21, p. 458, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 187, Paraguay. Empidonomus varius PELZELN, On. Bras., 2, p. 117, 1868 — part, Goyaba and Ypanema, Sao Paulo, and Curytiba, Parana (spec, in Vienna Museum exam- ined); BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 137, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 265, 1888 — part, Paraguay and southern Brazil; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 45, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 347, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 127, 1899 — Mundo Novo and Pedras Brancas; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 204, 1899 — Sao Carlos do Pinhal and Iguape', Sao Paulo; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902 — Tafi Viejo and Rio Calera, Tucu- man; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — same localities; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 221, 1904 — Santa Ana, Lules, and Tapia, Tucuman; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, .p. 294, 1907 — part, Sao Carlos do Pinhal, Itatiba, Iguape", Sao Paulo, and Est. Espirito Santo; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 204, 1909 — Tucuman and Tafi Viejo; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 596 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 348, 1910 — Tucuman and Hemandarias, Entrerios; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay; GIACOMELLI, El Hornero, 3, p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja. Range: Northern Argentina (south to La Rioja, Tucuman, and Entrerios) ; Paraguay; eastern Bolivia; southeastern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro to Rio Grande do Sul, north to eastern Matto Grosso (Cha- pada) ». 3: Brazil (Porto Real, Rio i); Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 2). *Empidonomus varius rufinus (Spix)b. AMAZONIAN VARIED FLY- CATCHER. Muscicapa rufina SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 22, pi. 31, fig. i, 2, 1825 — "in provincia fl. Amazonum" (type in Munich Museum examined). • Material examined. — Paraguay: Bernalcue", near Asunci6n i . Brazil: Salto do Norte, Santa Catharina i; Curytiba, Parana i; Ypanema i, Goyaba 2, Iguap6, S5.o Paulo i; Porto Real, Rio i. Argentina: Tucuman 2. Bolivia: Buenavista 2. b Empidonomus varius rufinus (Spix): Differs from E. v. varius by inferior size; smaller bill; paler (brownish rather than blackish) spotting above, with the margins of the feathers lighter olivaceous; and less pronounced, also more restricted streaking underneath. Birds from British Guiana (parvirostris) are indistinguishable from a series of Amazonian skins. An adult male from Barra do Jauni, northern Matto Grosso, is quite typical of this form, as far as coloration is concerned, but approaches E. v. varius in size. A male from the Rio Negro (Marabitanas), however, is equally large. Specimens from Bahia agree well with those from the lower Amazons, though one or two slightly diverge towards E. v. varius. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne i. British Guiana: Annai 2. Peru: Tarapoto i. Brazil: Marabitanas i, Barcellos, Rio Negro i; Manaos i; Itacoatiara 3 ; Rio Branco 2 ; Santa Anna, Maraj6 i ; Para (Utinga, Sao Antonio, etc.) 5; Amazon River (the type) i; Maranhao 2; Piauhy 3; Ceara 2; Bahia 10. ii4 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tyrannus leucotis SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 276, Jan. 1826 — northern Brazil. Muscipeta ruficauda WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 920, 1831 — Camamu and Rio Jiquirica, Bahia. Tyrannula tschudii HARTLAUB, Rev. Zool., 7, p. 369, 1844 — Bahia. Empidonomus varius parvirostris CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 40, p. 75, Jan. 1920 — Kamakabra River, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 231, 1921 — numerous localities. Tyrannus rufinus CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 700, 1848 — British Guiana; BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 466, 1856 — from the Amazonas to Bahia. Empidonomus varius (not Muscicapa varia VIEILLOT) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 1868 — part, Barra do Jauni (Matto Grosso), Marabitanas and Bar- cellos (Rio Negro), Para (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189; I.e., 1873, p. 281 — Upper Ucayali, Peru; (?) idem, I.e., 1879, p. 615 — Mapiri, Prov. Yungas, Bolivia; LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 383 — Sao Joao, Para; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 326, 1884 — Upper Ucayali; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 298 — Bartica Grove and Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 265, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, f-i, Roraima, Bartica Grove, Pebas, Pernambuco, Bahia; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 302, 1889 — Tarapoto, Peru; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Santarem; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 12, p. 293, 1905 — Igarape"-Assu, Pard; idem, I.e., 13, p. 362, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Para; idem, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 654, 1906 (note on Spix's type); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 294, 1907 — part, Santarem; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 125, 1908 — Cayenne; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 503, 1908 — Goyana and Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 528, 1908 — Arumatheua.Rio Tocantins; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 90, 1912 — Pard localities; IHEKING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, p. 443, 482, 1914 — Joazeiro, Bahia (nest and eggs descr.) ; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 382, 1914 — Para, Peixe-Boi, Quati-puni, Sao Antonio do Prata, Rio Tocantins (Baiao, Arumatheua), Rio Xingu (Ponte Nova, Forte Amb6), Rio Tapajoz (Itaituba, Goyana), Rio Jamauchim (Santa Helena), Rio Jamunda (Faro), and Maranhao; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), 2, p. 90, 1916 — Para. Range: Northern and eastern Brazil, south to northern Matto Grosso (Jauru) and Bahia; eastern Peru; French and British Guiana, and adjacent section of eastern Venezuela (Terr. Yuruari)*. 15 : Brazil (Boa Vista, Rio Branco i, Serra da Lua, near Boa Vista i ; Manaos i; Itacoatiara 3; Utinga, near Pard i; Sao Luiz, Maranhao i, Grajahu, Maranhao i ; Ardra, Piauhy i, Deserto, Piauhy 2 ; Serra Baturite", Ceara 2; Macaco Secco, near Andarahy, Bahia i). » According to Mr. W. E. C. Todd (in litt.), specimens in the Carnegie Museum from Rio Yuruan, Upata, and other places at the base of the Sierra de Imataca are referable to this race. IQ27- BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 115 Empidonomus varius septentrionalis (Todd)*. NORTHERN VARIED FLY- CATCHER. Empidonomus varius septentrionalis TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29, p. 96, 1916 — El Trompillo, Carabobo, Venezuela. Tyrannus rufinus (not Muscicapa rufina SPIX) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — Bogota. Empidonomus varius (not Muscicapa varia VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.. 14, p. 265, 1888 — part, spec, e, Bogota; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 51, 1902 — Quiribana de Caicara, Nericagua, Caicara, and Ciudad Bolivar, Orinoco River; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 245, 1916 — Orinoco River (habits; juv. descr.). Range : Northern Venezuela, from the State of Carabobo south to the Orinoco River, and apparently eastern Colombia (Bogotd). ^Empidonomus aurantio-atro-cristatus aurantio-atro-cristatus (La- fresnaye and D'Orbigny). BLACK-AND-YELLOW-CRESTED FLY- CATCHER. Tyrannus aurantio-atro-cristatus LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 45, 1837 — Valle Grande, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me"rid., Ois., p. 312, 1839 — Valle Grande (Bolivia) and Corrientes; BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 453, 1861 — Rio Uruguay, Parand (Entrerios), and Mendoza; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 190 — Rio Ucayali, Peru; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 751, 757 — Xeberos, Peru; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 282 — Ucayali and Xeberos, Peru; HUDSON, I.e., 1870, p. 113 — Buenos Aires; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. natur- hist. Foren., 1870, p. 326 — Lagoa Santa and Sete Lagoas, Minas Geraes (habits); DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 482, 1879 (monog.); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 616 — Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 22 — Huambo, Peru; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 202, 1883 — Conception, Entrerios (nest and eggs descr.); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 331, 1884 — Ucayali, Xeberos, and Huambo, Peru; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 348, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso. Tyrannus auriflamma BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Mendoza (types in Halle Museum examined). Tyrannus inca SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 383 — Bolivia; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 118, 1868 — City of Goyaz and Serrado (Goyaz), Cuyabd (Matto Grosso). • Empidonomus varius septentrionalis TODD: Closely similar to E. v. varius, but darker above, and streaking on under parts even heavier. We have not seen any material from the type locality, but specimens from the middle Orinoco correspond well to the diagnosis of this form. Four "Bogotd" skins come very near true varius, but on geographical grounds must be referred here, the range of varius being entirely cut off by the interposition of E. v. rufinus which stretches from the Guianas through the Amazon Valley to eastern Peru. Material examined. — Venezuela: Ciudad Bolivar 2, Caicara 2, Quiribana de Caicara i. Colombia: "Bogotd" 4. n6 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Empidonomus aurantio-atro-cristatus SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 157, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 266, 1888 — Goyaz, Xeberos, Upper Ucayali, Bolivia, and Mendoza; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1893, p. 487 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 281, 291, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja and Catamarca; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. n, 1895 — Colonia Risso, Paraguay; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 16, 1897 — Campo Santo (Salta) and Caiza (Bolivia); LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902 — Tucuman; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 469 — Tatarenda, Bolivia; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 221, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 203, 1909 — Mocovi (Santa Fe"), Barracas al Sud (Buenos Aires), Tucuman, and La Soledad (Entrerios); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 348, 1910 (range in Argentina); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 123 — Boca de Homiguera, Matto Grosso; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Paraguay; REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 38, 1916 — Mendoza; DINELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 146, 1918 — Tucuman (egg descr.); SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 51, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Pub. for 1922-23, p. 649, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 23, 1925 — part, Valle Grande, Bolivia (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 337, 1926 — west of Puerto Pinasco (Paraguay), Victorica (Pampa), and Rio Negro (Uruguay). Range: Northern Argentina, south to Mendoza, Pampa, and Buenos Aires; Paraguay; Uruguay; interior of Brazil, in states of Matto Grosso, southern Goyaz, and Minas Geraes (Lagoa Santa); eastern Bolivia and Peru (Rioja, Yurimaguas, Huambo, Xeberos, Ucayali)". 19: Argentina (Yacuiba, Salta i ; Conception, Tucuman 9; El Car- rizal, Sierra de Cordoba 2) ; Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 5) ; Peru (Yurimaguas i, Rioja i). *Empidonomus aurantio-atro-cristatus minor subsp. nov.b LESSER BLACK-AND-YELLOW-CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Empidonomus aurantio-atro-cristatus (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) REISER, Denkschr. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 76, 1910 — Tronco Falls, below Nova York, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 382, 1914 — Santarem, Rio Tapaj6z; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 23, 1925 — part, Fazenda de Thomas da Saga, Rio Tocantins. •Material examined. — Bolivia: Valle Grande (the types) 2, Buenavista 5. Argentina: El Carrizal, Sierra de Cordoba 2; Tucuman n; La Soledad, Entrerios i; Mendoza (types of T. auriflamma) 2. Brazil: Cuyabd, Matto Grosso 2. Peru: Rioja i, Yurimaguas i. b Empidonomus aurantio-atro-cristatus minor subsp. nov. Type from Sao Luiz, Maranhao, Brazil in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 56654. Adult male. August 15, 1923. H. Snethlage. Adult. — Similar to E. a. aurantio-atro-cristatus, but much smaller, with much shorter, weaker bill; back much lighter, pale grayish olive (instead of near hair brown) ; under parts likewise much paler (light mouse gray instead of mouse gray) and passing into whitish along middle line; under tail coverts naphthalene yellow, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 117 Range: Northeastern Brazil, in states of Piauhy, Maranhao, north- ern Goyaz (Fazenda de Thomas da Saga, near Porto Imperial), and Para (Santarem, Rio Tapajdz). 6: Brazil, Marajih'ao (Sao Luiz i, Cod6, Cocos 4, Sao Francisco i). Genus LEGATUS Sclater. Legatus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 46, 1859 — type Tyrannus albicollis VIEIL- LOT = Platyrhynchos leucophaius VIEILLOT. *Legatus leucophaius leucophaius ( Vieilloi) ». STRIPED FLYCATCHER. Platyrhynchos leucophaius VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 27, p. u, 1818 — 'TAme'rique meYidionale" = Cayenne (type in Paris Museum examined); PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 358, 1855 (crit.). Tyrannus albicollis VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. eM, 35, p. 89, 1819 — based on Azara, No. 186, Paraguay. Muscicapa legatus LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 56, 1823 — Bahia. Muscipeta citrina WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 917, 1831 — Nazareth das Farinhas, Rio Jagoaripa, Bahia. Tyrannus circumcinctus SWAINSON, Orn. Drawings, Part 4, pi. 50, 1836 (?) — Brazil. Legatus albicollis successor CHUBB, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, p. 43, 1919 — British Guiana, Surinam, and Cayenne; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 194, 1921 — British Guiana (numerous localities). Muscipeta albicollis LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — Guarayos, Bolivia (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. merid., Ois., p. 318, 1839 — Rio San Miguel, Guarayos. Elainea albicollis BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 475, 1856 — middle Brazil to Guiana. Myiobius leucophaius LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 227, 1866 — Trinidad. Legatus albicollis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 1868 — Cachoeirinha, Ypanema, Curytiba, Barra [ = Manaos,] Brazil; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 155, 1888 — part, excl. Mexican and Guatemalan specimens and references; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 233, 1889 (note on Wied's type); RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Santarem; PHELPS, I.e., 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa, Bermudez; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 23, 1906 — with very little grayish brown along the shaft. Wing (male) 88-93 (against 98-102), (female) 88 (against 95-97); tail 74-78 (against 82-87); bill 12-13 (against 15-16 in E. a. aurantio-atro-cristatus). Material examined. — Maranhao: Cod6, Cpcos 4, Sao Luiz i, Sao Francisco i. Piauhy: Tronco Falls, below Nova York, Rio Parnahyba 2. Goyaz: Fazenda de Thomas da Saga i. a Mr. Ridgway having given a full bibliography, only references posterior to the appearance of his work are here quoted. n8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Caparo and Seelet, Trinidad; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 439, 1907 — part, excl. Mexican and Guatemalan references and localities; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 284, 1907 — Itatiba, Jundiahy, and Iguape1, Sao Paulo; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Costa Rica; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Monte Verde, Rio Purvis; idem, I.e., p. 502, 1908 — Ilha do Papagaio, Rio Tapaj6z; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 126, 1908 — Cayenne and Tortue, French Guiana; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 42, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy, and Las Cuchillas, Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires, 18, p. 340, 1910 — same localities; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 717, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, eggs descr.); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 587 — Sapucay and Ibitimi, Paraguay; HELL- MAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Pard; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 481, 498, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parand; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parand; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 383, 1914 — Pard, Ilha das Oncas, Rio Guamd (Ourem), Rio Moju, Rio Tapaj6z (Pinhel, Papagaio), Rio Punis (Monte Verde), Maraj6 (Sao Natal), Obidos; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 459, 1917 — Los Cisneros, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, and Cunday, Colombia; DABBENE, El Hornero, i, p. 98, 1918 — Santa Ana, Misiones. Legatus albicollis albicoUis HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1134 — Tad6, Colombia; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 232, 1916 — Orinoco region (nest and eggs descr.); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 265 — Gatun, Panama. Legatus leucophaius leucophaius HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 14, p. 283, 1920 (crit.); idem, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 27, 1925 — Guarayos, Bolivia. Legatus leucophaius TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 361, 1922 — Bonda, Minca, Mamatoco, La Tigrera, and Santa Marta, Colombia. Range: South America, from northern Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Brazil (Parana and Matto Grosso) to Trinidad, Venezuela, and Colombia, and through Panama and Costa Rica north to Nicar- agua8. 20: Brazil (Murutucu, Pard 2; Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco i; Carolina, Maranhao i) ; Argentina (Cafetal, Jujuy i); Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz i); Peru (Vista Alegre 2, Yurimaguas i); Colombia ("Bogota" i); British Guiana (Bartica Grove i); Panama (Colon i); Costa Rica (Buenos Aires i, Terraba i); Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 3, San Geronimo, Chinan- dega 3). • After examining more than one hundred-fifty specimens covering its whole range, I find it impossible to satisfactorily subdivide this species into geographic races, excepting the large form of Guatemala and Mexico. The type of P. leucophaius agrees in size with examples from French and British Guiana. Birds from southern Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina average somewhat larger, but the divergency is too in- significant to warrant their separation (albicoUis). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 119 *Legatus leucophaius variegatus (Sclater)*. GREATER STRIPED FLY- CATCHER. Elaenia variegata SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, " 1856," p. 297, Jan. 1857 — Cor- doba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Legatus albicollis (not of VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 155, 1888 — part, spec, a-f, Cordoba and Jalapa, Mexico, Las Salinas, Cahabon, and Chisec, Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 439, 1907 — part, Mexican and Guatemalan references and localities. Legatus albicollis variegatus PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Camp Mengel, Terre Quintana Roo. Range: Southeastern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco, Chiapas, and Quintana Roo) and Guatemala. i: Guatemala (unspecified i). Genus SIRYSTES Cabanis and Heine. Sirystes CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 75, 1859 — type by monotypy Muscicapa sibilator VIEILLOT. *Sirystes sibilator sibilator ( Vieillot}. SIBILANT SIRYSTES. Muscicapa sibilator VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 21, p. 457, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 191, Paraguay. Muscicapa sibilans LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 54, 1823 — Sao Paulo. Myiarchus sibilans BURMEISTER, Syst. tubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 472, 1856 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (spec, in Halle Museum examined). Sirystes sibilator PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 1868 — Cachoeirinha, Goyaba, Ypanema, and Rio Parand (Sao Paulo), Curytiba (Parand); idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 292, 1872 — Novo Friburgo, Rio; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 89, 1874 — Cantagallo, Rio; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 135, 1885 — Arroio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 181, 1888 — "Pelotas" (Rio Grande do Sul), "Rio Claro, Goyaz," Brazil; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Rio Grande do Sul; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 199, 1899 — Iguape" and Piracicaba, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 17, 1900 — Tebicuari, Paraguay; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 136, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 287, 1907 — Piracicaba, Iguap^, Itarare, Avanhandava, Bauru, Rio Feio, Itapurd, and Ubatuba, Sao Paulo; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 590 — Sapucay, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 58, 1913 — Alto Parand; DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 345, 1914 — Santa Ana and Iguazu, Misiones. • Legatus leucophaius variegatus (SCLATER) : In coloration similar to L. I. leu- cophaius, but decidedly larger. Wing (male) 91-94, (female) 87-92. Material examined. — Mexico: Vera Cruz 3 ; Guatemala 9. 120 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Sirystes sibilator sibilator HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 49, 1908 — Fazenda Es- peranga, Goyaz (diag., range). Range: Wooded region of eastern Brazil, from Bahia, Minas Ger- aes, and Goyaz south to Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones)*. 5: Brazil (Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema, Sao Paulo i); Argentina, Misiones (Puerto Segundo 2, Eldorado 2). Sirystes sibilator atimastus Oberholserb. PALE-RUMPED SIRYSTES. Sirystes sibilator atimastus OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 66, 1902 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., is, p- 50 1908 — Chapada (diag.). Sirystes sibilator (not of VIEILLOT) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 338, 1 892 — Chapada. Sirystes albocinereus atimastus BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 475, 1907. Range: Southwestern Brazil, in State of Matto Grosso (Chapada). Sirystes sibilator albocinereus Sclater and Sahin*. WHITE-RUMPED SIRYSTES. Sirystes albocinereus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 156 — Bogota (type in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 181, pi. 14, 1888 — Bogotd, Sarayacu (Ecuador), Santa Cruz and Iquitos (Peru); SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Bom Lugar, Rio Punis (spec, examined); idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 384, 1914 — part, Bom Lugar, Rio Punis; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 463, 1917 — Barrigon, head of Rio Meta, Colombia. Sirystes sibilator albocinereus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 50, 1908 (crit., diag., range). a Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia i; Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i; Fazenda Esperanca, Goyaz i. Victoria, Sao Paulo 3, Ypanema i, Itarare i, Fazenda Cayod i ; Roca Nova, Serra do Mar, Parand 2. Paraguay: Sapucay i. b Sirystes sibilator atimastus OBERHOLSER: Similar to 5. s. sibilator on the upper parts, but yellowish tips to rump-feathers more extensive, suggesting a pale cross- band; throat and foreneck clearer cinereous; rest of under parts pure white like S. s. albocinereus. Wing 89-93; tail 80-87; bill 18^-19. Material examined. — Matto Grosso: Chapada 3. 0 Sirystes sibilator albocinereus SCLATER and SALVIN: Differs from the preceding races by pure gray back (without any olivaceous tinge), extensively white rump, and by having the upper wing coverts narrowly edged with white instead of broadly tipped with dull grayish white; under parts almost entirely white, the throat but faintly shaded with grayish ; axillaries and under wing coverts pure white instead of pale yellowish gray. Wing 96-99 (Amazonia), 92 (Bogota); tail 80-89; bill 18-20. Birds from Bogotd (topotypical) are smaller than those from more southern lo- calities. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 2. Ecuador: Sarayacu i. Peru: Santa Cruz i, unspecified i. Brazil: Bom Lugar, Rio Punis i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 121 Tyrannus sp. SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189 — Upper Ucayali. Sirystes albogriseus (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 280 — Santa Cruz, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 287, 1884 — Santa Cruz. Range : Upper Amazonia, from the headwaters of the Rio Meta in Colombia through eastern Ecuador south to eastern Peru (Santa Cruz, Iquitos) and western Brazil (Rio Purus). Sirystes sibilator subcanescens Todd*. TODD'S SIRYSTES. Sirystes albocinereus subcanescens TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 33, p. 72, 1920 — Upper Rocana, northern Para, Brazil. Sirystes albocinereus (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 384, 1914 — part, Rio Jamunda (Faro). Range : Northeastern Brazil, north of the Amazon, in state of Para (Upper Rocana; Rio Jamunda). Sirystes sibilator albogriseus (Lawrence)*. PANAMA SIRYSTES. Lipaugus albogriseus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 487, 1867 — Lion Hill, Panama. Sirystes albogriseus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 182, 1888 — Veragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 47, pi. 37, fig. i, 1889 — Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 817, 1907 — Panama. Range: Panama (Lion Hill Station; Veragua; Nata-Cocle). Genus MYIODYNASTES Bonaparte0. Myiodynastes BONAPARTEd, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 2, p. 35, 1857 — type by monotypy "Myiodynastes audax BONAPARTE ex GMELIN" = Muscicapa audax GMELIN = Muscicapa maculata MULLER. • Sirystes sibilator subcanescens TODD: Nearly related to S. s. albocinereus, but throat and breast much more tinged with grayish, this color extending farther down abdominally. A single female from the Rio Jamunda (Faro) appears to belong to this recently described race of which I have seen no authentic material. b Sirystes sibilator albogriseus (LAWRENCE) : Nearest to S. s. albocinereus, but back more yellowish gray, and larger upper wing coverts broadly tipped with grayish white. The wing markings and coloration of back are more like S. s. sibilator from which it may, however, easily be told by the white rump and much whiter under parts. Material examined. — "Veragua" r. e I thoroughly agree with Mr. Ridgway's contention that it is impracticable to subdivide the genus since M. solitarius, in shape of bill, stands just between M. lute- iventris and M. chrysocephalus. d Nomennudumin Compt. Rend. Ac. Sci. Paris, 38, p. 657, 1854, and Not. Orn. Coll. Delattre, p. 87, 1854. 122 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Hypermitres CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 9, p. 247, 1861 — type by orig. desig. Sca- phorkynchus chrysocephalus TSCHUDI. *Myiodynastes luteiventris Sclater. SULPHUR-BELLIED FLYCATCHER. Myiodynastes luteiventris SCLATER*, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 42, 1859 — Vera Paz, Guatemala, and Orizaba, Mexico; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 537 — Monte- rico, Peru; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 290, 1884 — Monterico, Yurimaguas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 183, 1888 — Mexico to Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 48, 1889 — Arizona to Peru; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 656, 1907 — southern Arizona to Panama (monog., full bibliography) ; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Puntarenas, Costa Rica; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 103, 1907 — near Patulul, Guatemala; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 691, 1910 — Costa Rica; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Galindo, Tamaulipas; PETERS, I.e., 30, p. 375, 1913 — Camp Mengel, Terre. Quintana Roo; SWARTH, Pacif. Coast Avif., 10, p. 40, 1914 — Arizona; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 463, 1917 — Chicoral, Magdalena Valley, Colombia; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 219, 1922 — Mt. Sapo and Jesusito, Darien. Myiodynastes luteiventris vicinior CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., I, p. 342, 1916 — Yurimaguas, Peru. Myiodynastes nobilis (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 183, 1888 — part, spec, d', Sarayacu, Ecuador. Range: Southern Arizona and southward through Central America to Panama, Colombia (Chicoral, Magdalena Valley), eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu), Peru (Yurimaguas; Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo), and Bolivia (Rio Espirito Santo) b. 36: Arizona (Huachuca Mountains 4); Mexico (Escuinapa, Sin- aloa i; Colima, Colima 7); Guatemala (Patulul, Solola 2); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 13); Costa Rica (Orosi i, San Jose i, El Poso de Terraba i, Terraba i, Navarro i); Peru (Puerto Arturo, Yurimaguas i ; Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo 2) ; Bolivia (Tres Arroyos, Rio Espirito Santo i). ^Myiodynastes maculatus maculatus Mutter}. STREAKED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa maculata P. L. S. MULLER, Natursyst., Suppl. p. 169, 1776 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 453, fig. 2, Cayenne. Muscicapa audax GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 934, 1789 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 453, fig. 2, Cayenne. "Nomen nudum in Compt. Rend. Ac. Sci. Paris, 38, p. 657, 1854, and Not. Orn. Coll. Delattre, p. 87, 1854. b I am quite unable to appreciate any difference between Peruvian specimens (vicinior Cory) and those from Central America. The type is an immature bird without yellow crown patch. The adults recently received from Peru and Bolivia may average somewhat darker buff y olive above, but this appears to be chiefly due to their fresher plumage. In tail-markings they are exactly like specimens from Arizona and Central America. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 123 Tyrannus audax JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 330, 1847 — Tobago. Scaphorhynchus audax CABANIS in Schonnburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 699, 1848 — British Guiana. Myiodynastes audax BONAPARTE, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 2, p. 35, 1857 — • Cayenne; TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — Trinidad; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 112, 1868 — Borba (Rio Madeira), Cajutuba, Barra [ = Manaos], Forte do Rio Branco, and Marabitanas (Rio Negro) (spec, examined); SCLATER and SAL- YIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — El Pilar, Bermudez; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 296 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER, Cat, B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 185, 1888 — El Pilar, Trinidad, Tobago, Bartica Grove, Cayenne, Manaos, Iquitos; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 54, 1892 — El Pilar, Bermudez; CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 41, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; GOELDI, Ibis, 1897, p. 161 — Amapa; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa, Bermudez; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 48, 1902 — Caicara and Quiribana de Caicara, Rio Orinoco, and Suapure, Caura, Venezuela; HELLMAYR, I.e., 13, p. 24, 1906 — Valencia,. Pointe Gourde, and Caparo, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., I, p. 190, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad. Myiobius audax LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 219, 1866 — Trinidad. Myiodynastes maculatus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 126, 1908 — Cayenne; HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 299, 1910 — Borba; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 383, 1914 — Cussary, Mexiana, Amapa, Monte Alegre, Rio Jamunda (Faro), Maranhao; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., 1913, p. 204 — Cariaquito, Paria Peninsula; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 206, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mts., Ituribisi River, Bartica Grove, and Abary River. Myiodynastes maculatus maculatus CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., I, p. 364, 1908 — Aripo and Carenage, Trinidad; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 97, 1909 — Guanoco and La Brea, Orinoco delta; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Cajutuba, near Para; idem, I.e., p. 120, 1912 — Mexiana; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 81, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia and Las Quiguas, Carabobo; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 240, 1916 — from Ciudad Bolivar up to Caicara, Orinoco Valley; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 78, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Myiodynastes nobilis (not of SCLATER) HAGMANN, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 26, p. 31, 1909 — Mexiana (spec, examined). Range : Islands of Tobago and Trinidad ; Venezuela, from the Paria Peninsula west to Carabobo and Aragua, south to the Orinoco Valley; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; northern Brazil, south to Maran- hao, west to Manaos and the Rio Madeira"; (?) northern Peru (Iquitos). 4: Brazil (Serra da Lua, near Boa Vista, Rio Branco i) ; Venezuela (Lake Valencia, Aragua 3). » Birds from the Venezuelan north coast (inland of Cumana and Lake Valencia region), Trinidad, and Tobago agree perfectly with a series from the Guianas. An adult male from Miritiba (Maranhao) and several examples from the lower Amazon (Cajutuba, near Pard; Borba, Rio Maderia; Manaos; Rio Branco; Marabitanas, Rio Negro) are not different either. Fifty-four specimens examined. 124 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. ^Myiodynastes maculatus nobilis Sdater*. NOBLE FLYCATCHER. Myiodynastes nobilis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 42, 1859 — Santa Marta, Colombia; idem, I.e., 28, p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas, Ecuador; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 333 — Bucaramanga; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14,' p. 183, 1888 — part, spec, a-c', Costa Rica, Veragua, Panama, Minca, Valle d'Upar, Manaure, Santa Marta, Frontino, Remedies, Esmeraldas, Balzar, Santa Rita. Myiodynastes audax (not of GMELIN) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1875, p. 237 — San Cristobal, Tachira; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1877, p. 326 — Lechugal, Peru; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 514 — Santa Elena and Frontino, Colombia (nest and egg descr.); SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, p. 201 — Manaure; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 303, 1884 — Bucaramanga; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 289, 1884— Lechugal; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 91 — Yaguachi; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.- Americ., Aves, 2, p. 49, 1889 — part, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador. Myiodynastes audax nobilis RIDGWAY, Man. N. Amer. Birds, p. 332, 1887 — part, Colombia, Ecuador, and north to Costa Rica; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 145, 1900 — Bonda, Minca, and Cacagualito, Santa Marta dis- trict; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Carondelet, Paramba, and San Javier, Ecuador; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Costa Rica. Myiodynastes maculatus nobilis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 659, 1907 — Costa Rica to Colombia and Ecuador (monog., full bibliogra- phy); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 691, 1910 — Costa Rica; CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 463, 1917 — Alto Bonito, Dabeiba, Puerto Valdivia, La Manuelita, Chicoral, Puerto Berrio, Malena, and Cala- mar, Colombia; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 266 — Gatun, Panama; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 220, 1922 — Mt. Sapo, Darien. Myiodynastes maculatus maculatus (not of MULLER) TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 344, 1922 — Bonda, Buritaca, Cacagualito, Don Diego, Cincinnati, Minca, Mamatoco, and La Tigrera. Range: Costa Rica and Panama and southward through Colom- bia to northwestern Venezuela (in states of Zulia and Tachira) and through western Ecuador to the extreme northwestern section of Peru (Lechugal, Rio Zurumilla, Prov. Tumbez). 15: Costa Rica (Lagarto 2); Panama (Veragua i, El Banco, Chiri- qui i , Colon 2) ; Colombia (El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose* de Cucuta, Santander i); Venezuela (Rio Cogollo i, Encontrados 2, Cata- tumbo River, Zulia i; Colon, Tachira i; La Ortiza, San Cristobal, Tachira i); Ecuador (Milagro 2). • Myiodynastes maculatus nobilis SCLATER is very similar to M. m. maculatus, but may generally be distinguished by its paler, more buffy upper side and by having the under parts more suffused with yellowish as well as less heavily streaked. It appears to me that — if two races be separated — birds from northwestern Venezuela (Zulia and Tachira) must go with nobilis rather than maculatus. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 125 Myiodynastes maculatus insolens Ridgway*. INSOLENT FLYCATCHER. Myiodynastes audax insolens RIDGWAY, Man. N. Amer. Birds, p. 332, 502, 1887 — Mirador, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Myiodynastes audax (not of GMELIN) SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 49, 1889 — part, Mexico. Myiodynastes maculatus insolens RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 66 1, 1907 — southeastern Mexico (monog.). Range: Southeastern Mexico, in states of Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz, San Luis Potosi, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Campeche, and Yucatan. ^Myiodynastes solitarius ( Vieilloi). SOLITARY FLYCATCHER. Tyrannus solitarius VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 35, p. 88, 1819 — based on Azara, No. 196, Paraguay. Megarynchus regius THUNBERGb, Dissert. Schaerstrom, No. 4, 1824 — South America (see Heine, Journ. Orn., 7, p. 342, 1859). Tyrannus audax (not Muscicapa audax GMELIN) SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 270, 1826 — Brazil; WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 889, -1831 — Muribecca, Rio Itabapuana, Espirito Santo; LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 43, 1837 — Santo Coraz6n, Chiquitos (spec, in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me"rid., Ois., p. 305, 1839 — Corrientes, Santa Cruz, and Chiquitos; DESCOURTILZ, Orn. Bres., p. 20, pi. 22, fig. 3, 1856 — Brazil. Scaphorhynchus audax TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 272, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 149, 1846 — forest region of Peru; BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 459, 1856 — Novo Friburgo, Rio; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 251, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes. Myiodynastes audax SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Para. Myiodynastes solitarius CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 74, 1859 — Brazil (diag.); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 112, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Goyao, Ypa- nema, Rio dos Piloens, Marabitanas (Rio Negro), Barra do Rio Negro [ = Manaos] (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 338 — Paracatu, Curvelo, and Lagoa Santa (Minas Geraes), Sumi- douro (Rio); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos, Yurimaguas, and Chyavetas, Peru; idem, I.e., p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 280 — Yurimaguas, Xeberos, Chyavetas, Chamicuros, Pebas, Peru; BER- LEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 261, 1873 — Blumenau, Santa Catharina; TAC- ZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 537 — Monterico, Peru; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 178 — Punta Lara and Belgrano, Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1878, p. 60, Buenos Aires (soft parts); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 20 — Chirimoto; WHITE, I.e., p. 607 — Campo Santo, Salta; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 201, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 288, 1884 — Peruvian localities; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. 5 We are not acquainted with this race. b Evidently referable to M. solitarius, not to M. m. maculatus. 126 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Orn., 2, p. 135, 1885 — Taquara and Arroio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 150, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 185, 1888 — eastern Peru, Sarayacu (Ecuador), Bartica Grove, Para, Bahia, Novo Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Curytiba, Sao Paulo, Pelotas, Punta Lara; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lam- bare', Paraguay; idem, I.e., 37, p. 302, 1889 — Tarapoto, Peru; RIKER and CHAP- MAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Santarem; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4» P- 338, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1895, p. 216 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; SALVADOR:, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — Colonia Risso, Paraguay; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 365 — La Gloria, La Merced, Borgona, Garita del Sol, Peru; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 199, 1899 — Cubatao, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Novo Friburgo and Cantagallo, Rio; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 186, 1902 — Tucumdn, Tapia, Vipos, Las Tipas; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — same localities; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 470 — Tatarenda, Bolivia; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, u, p. 255, 1904 — Jujuy; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 118, 1904 — Iracouba, French Guiana (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 113, 1906 — Huaynapata, Peru; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 48, 1907 — Teflfe, Rio Solimoes; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 288, 1907 — Jaboticabal, Cubatao, Itapurd (Sao Paulo), Novo Hamburgo (Rio Grande do Sul), Var- gem Alegre (Minas Geraes); BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 314, 1908 — Iracouba, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 528, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 201, 1909 — Mocovi (Chaco), Tucuman, La Soledad (Entrerios); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 592 — Sapucay, Paraguay; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Carnahyba, near Joazeiro, (Bahia), Olho d'Agoa and Serra, near Paranagua, Pedrinha, Lake of Paranagud (Piauhy); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 342, 1910 — Argentina; HELLMAYR, Abhdl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 25, 89, 1912 — Ipitinga, Para; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 384, 1914 — Para, Benevides, Rio Guama (Ourem), Rio Tocantins (Arumatheua), Rio Tapaj6z (Santarem, Boim), Rio Maecuni; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1914 — Alto Parana; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 58, 1917 — Corumbd, Matto Grosso; DABBENE, El Hornero, i, p. 238, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 21, 1920 — Paysandii, Rio Negro, and Colonia, Uruguay; SERI£ and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 50, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., 3, p. 169, 1923 — San Isidro, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 648, 1924 — Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 18, 1925 — Chiquitos, Bolivia; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 332, 1926 — Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay. Myiodynastes audax solitarius STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba. Myiodynastes solitarius duncani CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 40, p. 62, 1919 — Supe- naam, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 208, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mts., Arawai River, Supenaam, Bartica Grove. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 127 Range: Argentina, south to La Rioja, Cordoba, and Buenos Aires; Paraguay ; Uruguay ; the whole of Brazil ; eastern Bolivia ; Peru ; eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu) ; French and British Guiana4. 26: Argentina (El Carrizal, Sierra de Cordoba i; Rio Paranay, Misiones i); Uruguay (Quebrada de los Cuervos 3); Bolivia (Buena- vista, Dept. Santa Cruz 2) ; Brazil (Macaco Secco, near Andarahy i , Sao Marcello, Rio Preto i; Serra Baturite*, Ceara i, Quixada, Ceara 2; Ibiapaba, Piauhy 3; Sao Bento, Maranhao i, Barra do Corda, Maran- hao 3; Santarem i); Peru (Yurimaguas i; Vista Alegre, Dept. Huan- uco i; Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo 2); British Guiana (Mazaruni River 2). Myiodynastes bairdi (Gambel)b. BAIRD'S FLYCATCHER. Saurophagus bairdi GAMBEL, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., (and ser.), i, p. 40, 1847 — "California," errore, we suggest Guayaquil, Ecuador. Tyrannus atrifrons SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 25, "1857," p. 274, Jan. 1858 — Guayaquil (type) and Puna, Ecuador. Myiodynastes atrifrons TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 326 — Tumbez; idem, I.e., p. 753 — Tumbez (egg descr.); idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Chepen; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 291, 1884 — Tumbez, Chepen, Guadalupe, Peru. Myiodynastes bairdi SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, P- 324 — Puna, Guayaquil, Tumbez (crit.); BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 556 — Guaya- quil; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 186, 1888 — Tumbez, San Pedro, Guayaquil, Balzar. Range: Littoral of western Peru (in prov. Tumbez, Lambayeque, and Libertad) and southwestern Ecuador (Guayaquil region). ^Myiodynastes chrysocephalus chrysocephalus (Tschudi). TSCHUDI'S GOLDEN-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Scaphorhynchus chrysocephalus TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 272, 1844 — Peru, we suggest Valley of Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 150, pi. 8, fig. i, 1846 — Peru. a Birds from the Guianas (duncani) and lower Amazonia (Manaps, Rio Negro, Santarem, Ipitinga) appear to me inseparable from South Brazilian and Para- guayan examples (solitarius), although they generally average slightly smaller. M. solitarius is obviously specifically distinct from M. m. macidatus from which it differs by much blacker back, much more heavily striped under parts, and much narrower rufous edges to the rectrices. In the northern parts of its range, it lives side by side with M. m. maculatus. I have examined specimens of both species from the Rio Rupununi and Bartica Grove (British Guiana), Manaos, and Miritiba (Maranhao). In spite of Sclater's contrary assertion, I have not seen any interme- diates among the large series examined. Fifty-nine specimens from various countries (except Ecuador) compared. b We are not acquainted with this species which, judging from published descrip- tions, appears to be very distinct. 128 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus SCLATER and. SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 16 — Huiro, Urubamba; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 537 — Ropaybamba; idem, l.c., 1882, p. 21 — Huambo; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 293, 1884 — Ropaybamba, Huambo, Huiro; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 187, 1888 — part, Peru; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 366 — Garita del Sol; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 88, 1906 — Idma, above Santa Ana, Urubamba. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus chrysocephalus HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 56, 1920 — Chuhuasi, Serra of Carabaya; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 96, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba. Range : Subtropical Zone of Peru (from the valley of Huayabamba south to Carabaya) a. i : Peru (Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco i). ^Myiodynastes chrysocephalus minor Taczanowski and Berlepsch*. LESSER GOLDEN-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus minor TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 91 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador (type examined); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 464, 1917 — La Frijolera, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Miraflores, Salento, near San Agustin, La Palma, Andalucia, Buenavista (above Villavicencio), Colombia. Pitangus chrysocephalus (not of TSCHUDI) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — part, Bogota. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 143, 1859 — Palla- tanga; idem, I.e., 28, p. 63, 1860 — Chillanes; idem, I.e., p. 92, 1860 — Nanegal; idem and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 514 — Concordia, Colombia; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1884, p. 296 — Surupata, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 187, 1888 — part, spec, a-k, Pallatanga, Sical, Concordia, Bogota; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Gualea and Nanegal, Ecuador; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — Gualea. Megarhynchus chrysocephalus minor MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. gebgr. Mes. Arc Mend. Equat., 9, p. 656, 1911 — Maquina, near San Nicolas. Range : Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta Mount- tains) and Ecuador. • Material examined. — Peru: Chuhuasi, Carabaya 3; Marcapata, alt. 2000 metr., Dept. Cuzco 3; Idma, above Santa Ana, Urubamba i; Garita del Sol, Vitoc, Dept. Junin i; Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco i. b Myiodynastes chrysocephalus minor TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH: Similar to M. c. chrysocephalus, of Peru, but back of a darker, more brownish olive; edges to quills and wing-coverts wider and decidedly cinnamon-rufous instead of tawny-buff; quill-lining tinnamomeous instead of yellowish; foreneck much more strongly tinged with buff; breast more distinctly streaked; size smaller. Birds from the West Colombian Andes of Colombia, except in being rather larger, agree with those from Ecuador, while Bogota skins form the transition to M. c. in- termedius. Eleven specimens examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 129 2: Colombia (La Frijolera, Antioquia i, Salento, West Quindio Andes, Cauca i). ^Myiodynastes chrysocephalus intermedius Chapman*. INTERMEDI- ATE GOLDEN-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus intermedius CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31, p. 152, July 1912 — Las Nubes, Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 343, 1922 — La Concepcion, Las Nubes, El Libano, Cincinnati, Chirua, and Heights of Chirua; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 191, p. 10, 1925 — Carapas, Bermudez. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus venezuelanus HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 82, Sept. 1912 — La Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo, Vene- zuela. Scaphorhynchus chrysocephalus (not of TSCHUDI) LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., n, p. 5, 1848 — Caracas (descr.). Pitangus chrysocephalus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — part, Vene- zuela. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — Me'rida; idem, I.e., 1875, p. 237 — San Cristobal, Tachira; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 187, 1888 — part, spec. 1-n, Caracas and San Cristobal, Venezuela; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 158, 1898 — Pueblo Viejo; idem, I.e., p. 176, 1898 — San Francisco; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 146, 1900 — El Libano, Valparaiso, and Las Nubes. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Venezuela (from Bermudez west to Carabobo, Me'rida, and Tachira) and northern Colombia (Santa Marta region). 2: Venezuela (Valle, Sierra of Me'rida i; Colon, Tachira i). Myiodynastes chrysocephalus cinerascens Toddb. TODD'S GOLDEN- CROWNED FLYCATCHER. a Myiodynastes chrysocephalus intermedius CHAPMAN : Agreeing with M. c. minor in dark color of back and amount of rufous edging on wings; but larger and breast but faintly streaked with grayish. Wing 99-105; tail 83-89; bill 21^-24^. Direct comparison of the original series of M. c. venezuelanus with five topotypes from the Santa Marta region demonstrates their absolute identity. Specimens from near Caracas and one from El Guacharo, Bermudez are not different either. Material examined. — Venezuela: El Guacharo, Bermudez i ; Galipan, Cerro del Avila 5, Silla de Caracas 2; Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo 7. Colombia; Valparaiso, Santa Marta region 5. b Myiodynastes chrysocephalus cinerascens TODD: Similar to M. c. intermedius, but back grayer, with little greenish tinge, almost concolorous with crown; super- ciliaries pure white instead of buffy; crown-patch paler, citron yellow; under parts decidedly paler yellow, with less buffy suffusion on throat and hardly any streaking on chest; under tail coverts white. From a cursory examination of the unique type I am inclined to believe that this is merely an individual variant of M. c. intermedius. This theory is also supported 130 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus cinerascens TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, p. 209 , 1912 — Paramo de Rosas, State of Lara, Venezuela (type examined). Range: Northern Venezuela (Paramo de Rosas, State of Lara). *Myiodynastes chrysocephalus hemichrysus (Cabanis)*. GOLDEN- BELLIED FLYCATCHER. Hypermitres hemichrysus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 9, p. 247, 1861 — Costa Rica. Myiodynastes supercUiaris LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 470, May 1867 — Barranca, Costa Rica; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 198 — Chitra, Calovevora, and Calobre, Veragua. Myiodynastes hemichrysus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 114, 1868 — Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 188, 1888 — Calove- vora and Calobre, Veragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 50, pi. 38, fig. i, 1889 — Costa Rica and Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 662, 1907 — Costa Rica and western Panama (monog.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 690, 1910 — Azahar de Cart- ago, Costa Rica; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Coliblanco, Costa Rica. Range : Subtropical Zone of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiri- qui and Veragua). 7: Costa Rica (Coliblanco 7). Genus MEGARYNCHUS Thunberg. Megarynchus THUNBERG, Dissert, de genere Megaryncho praes. Schaerstrom, p. 2, 1824 — type by subs, desig. (SCLATER 1888) Lanius pitangua LINNAEUS. Scaphorynchus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 982, 1831 — type by mono- typy Scaphorynchus sulphuratus WIED (not of LINNAEUS) = Lanius pitangua LINNAEUS. Megastoma SWAINSON, Classif. Birds, 2, p. 225, 1837 (generic characters); idem, Anim. Menag., p. 285, 1838 — species: Megastoma flaviceps, M. ruficeps, and M. atriceps (=juv.) = Lanius pitangua LINNAEUS. *Megarynchus pitangua pitangua (Linnaeus). BOAT-BILLED FLY- CATCHER. Lanius pitangva LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., i2th ed., i, p. 136, 1766 — based on Brisson (ex MARCGRAVE), eastern Brazil. by geographic reasons, since the last-named form ranges from the Venezuelan north coast mountains south to Merida, while cinerascens — if really distinct — would occupy an isolated spot in the center of this area. • Myiodynastes chrysocephalus hemichrysus (CABANIS) differs immediately from the southern race by the much deeper yellow, wholly unstreaked under parts, leav- ing only the chin white, and by lacking the conspicuous rufous edges, to the rectrices. In wing-markings it more nearly resembles M. c. chrysocephalus. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 131 Tyrannus bentaveo VIEILLOT, Hist. Nat. Ois. Amdr. Sept., i, p. IV, pi. i, fig. 16 (bill), 1807 (?) — no locality stated. Tyrannus carnivorus VIEILLOT, Tabl. enc. me'th., Orn., livr. 91, p. 847, 1822 — new name for Lanius pitangva LINNAEUS. Megarynchus pitangua THUNBERG, Dissert. Schaerstrom, No. i, 1824 (see Keine, Journ. Orn., 7, p. 339, 1859). Tyrannus pitangua SWAINSON, Quart. Journ. Sci., Litt. and Arts Roy. Inst., 20, No. 40, p. 270, 1826 — intertropical countries of America. Tyrannus magnirostris SWAINSON in Richardson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., 2, p. 484, 1831 — new name for Lanius pitangva LINNAEUS. Scaphorynchus sulphuratus (not Lanius sulphuratus LINNAEUS) WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 983, 1831 — Brazil. Megastoma flaviceps SWAINSON, Anim. Menag., p. 285, 1838 — northern Brazil. Megastoma ruficeps SWAINSON, Anim. Menag., p. 285, 1838 — southern Brazil. Megastoma atriceps SWAINSON, Anim. Menag., p. 285, 1838 — Brazil (=juv.). Scaphorhynchus pitangua LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 3, p. 474, 1851 (crit., variation); BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 458, 1856 — Novo Friburgo (habits, nest, and eggs). Megarhynchus pitangua HEINE, Journ. Orn., 7, p. 345, 1859 (synon.); TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — Trinidad; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Mexiana; idem, I.e., 1868, p. 168 — Carupano, Bermudez; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 112, 1868 — Sapitiba and Registo do Sai (Rio), Ypanema and Itarar6 (Sao Paulo), Cuyaba (Matto Grosso); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 337 — Lagoa Santa, Juiz de Fora, and Uberaba (Minas Geraes), Sumidouro (Rio), Campinas and Hytti (Sao Paulo); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo; SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, p. 201 — Atanques, Colombia; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 125 — Santa Marta; TAC- ZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 294, 1884 — Montana del Pangoa, Peru; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 296 — Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 189, 1888 — part, spec, z-f, l'-t', Santa Marta, Atanques, Venezuela, Roraima, Iquitos, Mexiana, Bahia, "Rio Claro, Goyaz," Novo Friburgo, Rio, Sao Paulo, Brazil; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lambare', Paraguay; idem, 1-c., 37t P- 302, 1889 — Tarapoto, Peru; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Santarem; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 45, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 338, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 41, 1894 — Princestown, Trini- dad; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 137, 1898 — Santa Marta; idem, I.e., p. 176, 1898 — Palomina; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 199, 1899 — Ilha de Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Novo Friburgo and Cantagallo; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 145, 1900 — Bonda and Minca; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 6, 1900 — Urucum, Matto Grosso; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 48, 1902 — Caicara, Altagracia, Maipures, Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco, and Suapure, Caura, Venezuela; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 113, 1906 — Rio Cadena, Peru; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 25, 1906 — Caparo, Laventille, Pointe Gourde, and Chaguaramas, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. 132 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., I, p. 190, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad; idem, I.e., p. 362, 1908 — Carenage and Aripo, Trinidad; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 288, 1907 — Ypiranga, Jundiahy, and Sao Sebastiao, S&o Paulo; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 126, 1908 — Cayenne; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Bom Lugar, Rio Purus; idem, I.e., p. 528, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 592 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911^ p. 120 — Villa Pilar, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 434, 1910 — Santa Ana, Misiones; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Rio Preto (Bahia) and Lake Parnagua, Piauhy; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 482, 498, 1912 — Fer- nandez Pinheiro, Parana; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 205 — Cariaquito, Paria Peninsula; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 384, 1914 — Rio Tocantins (Cameta, Arumatheua), Cussary, Rio Tapaj6z (Goyana), Rio Purus (Bom Lugar), Rio Jamunda (Faro); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 241, 1916 — from the delta up to San Fernando de Atabapo, Orinoco River; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 464, 1917 — Chicoral, Colombia; MENEGAUX, Rev. Prang. d'Orn., 9, p. 58, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso; LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 100, 1920 — Bahia; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 209, 1921 — Mt. Roraima, Ituribisi, Georgetown, and Mazaruni River; PINTO-PEIXOTO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 263, 1923 — Monte-Serrat, Itatiaya. Megarhynchus pitangua pitangua HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 51, 1908 — Rio Thesouras and Rio Araguaya, Goyaz; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 97, 1909 — Cano Colorado, Orinoco delta; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 120, 1912 — Mexiana; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 83, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo, Venezuela; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 78, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Megarhynchus chrysogaster (not of SCLATER) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 208, 1866— Trinidad. [Megarhynchus pitangua} parvirostris CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, P- 363, in text, 1908 — Trinidad. Megarynchus pitangua pitangua TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 342, 1922 — Bonda, Minca, Mamatoco, and La Tigrera. Range: Colombia (Santa Marta district and Magdalena Valley); Venezuela; Trinidad; British, Dutch, and French Guiana; Brazil, south to Sao Paulo, Parana, and Matto Grosso; Paraguay; northeastern Argen- tina (Misiones); Bolivia; eastern Perua. 23: Peru (Moyobamba 3, Rioja i, Yurimaguas i); Venezuela (Lake Valencia i; Maracay, Aragua 4; Caracas 2; Macuto, Caracas 2; Colon, * Specimens from southern Brazil and Paraguay average somewhat larger and darker than those from the north, though there is much individual variation. The Trinidad form (parvirostris CHERRIE) does not appear to be separable either; while some specimens have a rather small bill, as claimed by Cherrie, the majority are not distinguishable from mainland birds. Material examined. — Trinidad: Caparo n, Aripo 2. Venezuela 17. British Guiana: Demeraras. French Guiana: Cayenne i. Brazil: RioBranco2, Maranhao 3, Bahia 5, Sao Paulo 4, Goyaz i, Matto Grosso i. Paraguay: Lambare' i. Peru 5. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 133 Tachira i; Cumana i); Brazil (Serra Grande, Rio Branco i, Boa Vista, Rio Branco i; Rosario, Maranhao i, Tury-assu, Maranhao i, Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao i; Philadelphia, Goyaz i); Argentina (Puerto Segundo, Misiones i). *Megarynchus pitangua chrysogaster Sclater*. ECUADORIAN BOAT- BILLED FLYCATCHER. Megarhynchus chrysogaster SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 281, 1860 — Babahoyo, Ecuador; idem, I.e., p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas. Megarhynchus pitangua chrysogaster BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 557 — Guayaquil and Chimbo; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 91 — Ya- guachi; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 488, 1898 — Chimbo. Megarhynchus pitangua (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 189, 1888 — part. spec, g'-k', Santa Rita, Babahoyo, Esmeraldas, "Quito"; SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Gualea and Nanegal; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — Gualea. Range: Tropical Zone of western Ecuador (from Esmeraldas to Guayaquil). i: Ecuador (Chimbo i). *Megarynchus pitangua mexicanus (Lafresnaye) . MEXICAN BOAT- BILLED FLYCATCHER. Scaphorhynchus mexicanus LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 3, p. 473, 1851 — Mexico. Megarhynchus mexicanus HEINE, Journ. Orn., 7, p. 346, 1859 (crit.); CABANIS, I.e., 9, p. 246, 1861 — Costa Rica. Megarhynchus pitangua (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 189, 1888 — part, spec, a-y, Mexico to Panama; SALVIN and GOD MAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 51, 1889 — part, Mexico to Panama. Megarhynchus pitangua mexicanus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 665, 1907 — southeastern Mexico to Panama (monog., full bibliography); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 103, 1907 — Los Ama- tes, El Rancho, Patulul, and Mazatenango, Guatemala; FERRY, I.e., p. 268, 1910 — Guayabo and Port Limon, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 689, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest, and eggs); STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 266 — Fort Lorenzo, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 318, 1924 — Rio Algarroba, Panama. Range: Southeastern Mexico (in states of Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz, San Luis Potosi, Puebla, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Yucatan, and Chiapas), • Megarynchus pitangua chrysogaster SCLATER: Similar to M. p. pitangua, but under parts slightly richer yellow; rufous edges to remiges and upper wing coverts much more conspicuous; crown patch apparently always tawny-orange, never yellow; size the same. Material examined. — Ecuador: Esmeraldas i, Gualea 2, Chimbo 3. 134 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. south through Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica to Panama. 32: Mexico (Tampico, Tamaulipas 5; Valles, San Luis Potosi i; Yucatan i); Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel i, Mazatenango i, El Rancho, Zacapa 2, Patulul, Solola 2, unspecified i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 5) ; Costa Rica (Guayabo 6, Port Limon 4, San Jos6 i, Boruca i, Buenos Aires i). Megarynchus pitangua caniceps Ridgway*. JOUY'S BOAT-BILLED FLY- CATCHER. Megarynchus pitangua caniceps RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 116, 1906 — Barranca Veltran, Jalisco; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 667, 1907 — same locality. Range: Western Mexico, in State of Jalisco (Barranca Veltran). Genus CONOPIAS Cabanis and Heine". Conopias CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 62, 1859 — type by monotypy Tyrannula superciliosa SWAINSON = Muscicapa trivirgata WIED. Conopias trivirgata trivirgata (Wied). THREE-STRIPED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa trivirgata WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 871, 1831 — Bahia. Tyrannula superciliosa SWAINSON, Orn. Drawings, Part 4, pi. 46, 1836 (?) — Brazil. Conopias superciliosa PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 1868 — Ypanema. Conopias trivirgata SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 173, 1888 — Bahia, Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 234, 1889 (note on Wied's type); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 286, 1907 — Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 589 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 341, 1910 — Alto Parand, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 344, 1914 — Santa Ana, Misiones. Myiarchus stauffacherianus BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 117, 1901 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay. Conopias trivirgata trivirgata HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., I2,p.i37, 19^5 — Braco do Sul, near Victoria, Espirito Santo. Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Bahia to Sao Paulo; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones) c. • We are not acquainted with this race. b Whether Myiackptes REICHENBACH (Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 67, 1850) was really based upon this species, as Gray (Cat. Gen. and Subgen. Birds, p. 49, 1855) suggests, appears to me extremely questionable. • Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia i ; Braco do Sul, Espirito Santo 2 ; Ypanema, Sao Paulo 5. Paraguay: Sapucay 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 135 Conopias trivirgata berlepschi Snethlage*. BERLEPSCH'S THREE-STRIPED FLYCATCHER. Conopias trivirgata berlepschi SNETHLAGE, Orn. Monatsber., 22, p. 42, 1914 — Faro, Rio Jamundd, Brazil; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 385, 499, 1914 — same locality (type examined). Range: Northern Brazil, on the north bank of the lower Amazon (Faro, Rio Jamunda). Conopias cinchoneti (Tschudi)b. CINCHON FLYCATCHER. Tyrannus cinchoneti TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 272, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 151, pi. 8, fig. 2, 1846 — Peru (type in Berlin Museum examined). Tyrannula icterophrys LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 8, p. 341, 1845 — Bogota. Tyrannula cinchoneti LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., n, p. 7, 1848 (crit.); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota. Conopias cinchoneti SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 756 — Peru and Bogota; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 285, 1884 (ex TSCHUDI); TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 91 — Machay, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 174, 1888 — Bogota; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 462, 1917 — La Frijolera, Rio Lima, Miraflores, and Aguadita, Colom- bia; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 96, 1921 — Idma, Urubamba Valley, Peru. Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta region), eastern Ecuador (Machay), and Peru (Pozuzo, Dept. Huanuco; Cin- chon region, Dept. Junin; Idma, Dept. Cuzco)0. Conopias inornata (Lawrence)*. WHITE-THROATED FLYCATCHER. • Conopias trivirgata berlepschi SNETHLAGE: Differs from C. t. trivirgata by smaller size; slenderer bill; much lighter, more yellowish green upper parts, with the crown less blackish, and longer greenish tips to the tail-coverts; much wider and more abruptly defined, yellowish gray aoical edges to the wing-coverts; clearer lemon yellow under parts, without greenish shading on chest and sides. Wing (male) 66 (against 70-73); tail 54 (against 62-65); bill 15. Material examined. — Brazil: Faro (the type) i. b Conopias cinchoneti (TSCHUDI), by its longer and decidedly wider bill, approaches Coryphotriccus while in color pattern it is more like C. trivirgata. 0 Colombian specimens do not seem to differ either in coloration or size. Measurements Wing Tail Bill Unsexed type of C. cinchoneti from Peru 86 % 7Q>£ J6K One female from Pozuzo, Huanuco, Peru 76 69 16 One female from Machay, Ecuador 78^ 66J4 17 One female from Rio Lima, Cauca, Colombia 79 67 >£ 16^ Two unsexed adults from Bogota 81^,83; 67,70^; i6K,i7>£ d Conopias inornata (LAWRENCE) is again somewhat aberrant. Count Berlepsch (Ornis, 14, p. 475, 1907) was inclined to refer it to Myiozetetes, and it may eventually deserve generic separation. No specimen is at present available. 136 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiozetetes inornatus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 268, 1869 — Valencia, Venezuela; FINSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 569 — "Trinidad" (errore). Conopias inornata SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 174, 1888 — Venezuela and "Trinidad"; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 47, 1902 — Ciudad Bolivar, Altagracia, and Caicara, Rio Orinoco (spec, examined); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 238, 1916 — from Ciudad Bolivar up to Maipures (nest and eggs descr.). Range : Plains of Venezuela (Orinoco Valley, from Ciudad Bolivar up to Maipures and San Fernando de Apure; plains of Valencia, State of Carabobo) ». Genus CORYPHOTRICCUS Ridgway^. Coryphotriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 115, 1906 — type Pitangus albovittatus LAWRENCE. ^Coryphotriccus parvus parvus (Pelzeln). LESSER YELLOW-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Pitangus parvus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 181, 1868 — Marabitanas, Rio Negro (type in Vienna Museum examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 296 — Camacusa and Merume" Mts., British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 179, 1888 — Merume" Mts., Camacusa, Carimang River, and Oyapock; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 204, 1921 — Ituribisi and Supenaam Rivers, Merume' Mts., Carimang River, Camacusa. Coryphotriccus parvus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 126, 1908 — Cayenne, French Guiana. Conopias parva SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 385, 1914 — Brazil. Range: French and British Guiana, and northern Brazil (Mara- bitanas, Rio Negro)0. i: British Guiana (Ourumee i). Coryphotriccus parvus albovittatus (Lawrence}*- WHITE-RINGED FLY- CATCHER. • Material examined. — Venezuela: Altagracia, Rio Orinoco 8, San Fernando, Rio Apure i. b The genus Coryphotriccus RIDGWAY is most nearly allied to Conopias, but differs by its relatively much larger bill which is both wider and longer (exposed oilmen about equal to tarsus). • Material examined. — Brazil: Marabitanas (the type) i. British Guiana: Camacusa 3, Merume' Mts. 2, Ourumee i. d Coryphotriccus parvus albovittatus (LAWRENCE) : Similar to C. p. parvus, but throat white (instead of yellow like the rest of the under parts) and back more green- ish. Wing (male) 81 (N6vita), 87 (Bulun); tail 69, 71^2; bill 17, 19. Material examined. — Colombia: N6vita i. Ecuador: Bulun, Prov. Esmeraldas, alt. loo ft. (Nov. 25, 1900. G. Flamming, Tring Museum) i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 137 Pitangus albovittatus LAWRENCE, Ibis, 4, p. n, 1862 — Isthmus of Panama; idem, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 471, 1862 — Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 179, 1888 — Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 46, 1889 — Panama. Coryphotriccus albovittatus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 669, 1907 — eastern Panama; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1134 — N6vita, Rio Tamana, Colombia. Range: Eastern Panama (Railroad line) and through Pacific Col- ombia (N6vita, Rio Tamana) south to northwestern Ecuador (Bulun, Prov. Esmeraldas). Coryphotriccus parvus distinctus Ridgway*. COSTA RICAN WHITE- RINGED FLYCATCHER. Coryphotriccus albovittatus distinctus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 21, p. 191, 1908 — Rio Reventaz6n, near Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 689, 1910 — same locality. Range: Eastern Costa Rica (Rio Reventaz6n, near Guayabo). Genus MYIOZETETES Sclaterb. Myiozetetes SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 46, 1859 — type by orig. desig. "Elainia cayennensis" = Muscicapa cayanensis LINNAEUS. Myiozetetes cayanensis erythropterus (Lafresnaye)e. RED-WINGED FLYCATCHER. Tyrannula erythroptera LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 5, p. 56, 1853 — Brazil. Myiozetetes erythropterus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 751 — Minas Geraes (descr.); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 159, 1888 — Brazil. Myiozetetes cayanensis erythroptera HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 650, 1906 — Brazil (diag.); idem, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 49, 1908 — Rio de Janeiro and Santa ¥6, Minas Geraes. Range : Southeastern Brazil, in states of Rio de Janeiro and southern Minas Geraes (Santa Fe"). 8 Coryphotriccus parvus distinctus RIDGWAY: Stated to differ from C. p. albovit- tatus by larger size, more grayish olive back, paler (light canary yellow instead of lemon yellow) under parts, and more extensive black area on sides of head. Wing 87; tail 68; bill 15^- This form, based upon a single example is unknown to me. The supposed larger size does not seem to hold good, since a male from Ecuador is even larger than the type of C. p. distinctus. b Myiozeta BONAPARTE 1854 is a nomen nudum. • Myiozetetes cayanensis erythropterus (LAFRESNAYE) : Nearly allied to M. c. cayanensis, but larger and with the two basal thirds of both webs of the primaries rufous, forming a large patch on the wing. Wing 97-102; tail 81-88; bill 14-15^. Material examined. — Rio de Janeiro 4, Santa Fe", Minas Geraes i. 138 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Myiozetetes cayanensis cayanensis (Linnaeus'). CAYENNE FLY- CATCHER. Muscicapa cayanensis LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., 12 (i), p. 327, 1766 — based on Bris- son, Orn., 2, p. 404, pi. 38, fig. 4, 1760, Cayenne. Myiozetetes guianensis CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 61, 1859 — Guiana and Surinam. Muscipeta cayennensis LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — Mojos, Bolivia (spec, examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. me'rid., Ois., p. 317, 1839 — Rio Blanco and Rio Itonama, Prov. Mojos, Bolivia. Elaenea cayanensis CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 701, 1848 — British Guiana. Myiozetetes cayennensis (cayanensis) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 577 — Para; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 295 — Bartica Grove and Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 160, 1888 — part, spec., s-x, Roraima, Bartica Grove, Cayenne, Para; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diamantina, Santarem; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4» P- 337. J&92 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Paris, to, p. 118, 1904 — Mahury, French Guiana; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 12, p. 293, JQQS — Igarape'-Assu, Para; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 127, 1908 — Cayenne and Roche-Marie, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 386, 1914 — Para, Providencia, Quatipuru, Rio Moju, Arumanduba; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 196, 1921 — numerous localities in British Guiana. Myiozetetes cayanensis cayanensis HELLMAYR, Abhdl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 649, 1906 — part, excl. Bogota and western Ecuador (crit.); idem, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 361, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Para; idem, I.e., 15, p. 48, 1908 — Goyaz, Rio Araguaya, and Faz. Esperanga, Goyaz, and Rio Jordao, Araguay, Minas Geraes (crit.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 444, 1907 — part, Guianas, Bolivia, and Brazil; (?) BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 97, 1909 — Rio Guarapiche, Orinoco delta; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 24, 89, 1912 — Para, Rio Muria, Igarape'-Assu, Sao Antonio, Ipitinga, Para district; idem, I.e., p. 108, 1912 — Mexiana; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo and Lelydorp, Surinam; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 27, 1925 — Bolivia. Myiozetetes columbianus (not of CABANIS and HEINE) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — part, Rio Muria, near Para (spec, examined). Muscicapa similis SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 18, pi. 25, 1825 — descr. part, Amazon River. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; northern Brazil, from the confines of Guiana south to Maranhao, Goyaz (Rio Araguaya), western Minas Geraes (Rio Jordao, Araguary), and Matto Grosso; eastern Bolivia (Mojos) *. * Birds from British Guiana appear to me inseparable from those of French Guiana and Brazil, although they sometimes have more rufous on the outer web of the 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 139 5: British Guiana (Georgetown i); Brazil (Serra da Lua, near Boa- vista, Rio Branco 3; Tury-assu, Maranhao i). *Myiozetetes cayanensis rufipennis Lawrence*. LAWRENCE'S RUFOUS- WINGED FLYCATCHER. Myiozetetes rufipennis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 267, 1869 — Valencia, Venezuela. Myiozetetes cayennensis (not of LINNAEUS) TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — near Barcelona, Venezuela; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — San Esteban; SCLATER, I.e., 1871, p. 752 (crit.); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 160, 1888 — part, spec, q, r, "Trinidad," Venezuela; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — San Antonio, Bermudez. Myiozetetes guianensis (not of CABANIS and HEINE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Carupano, Bermudez. Myiozetetes cayennensis rufipennis BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 45, 1902 — Quiribana de Caicara, Altagracia, Caicara, and Ciudad Bolivar, Orinoco River (nest and eggs descr.). Myiozetetes cayanensis rufipennis HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 649, 1906 — north coast of Venezuela (crit.) ; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 165, 1912 — San Esteban and Puerto Cabello; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 233, 1916 — Orinoco Valley (habits). Range: North coast of Venezuela, from Bermudez west to Cara- bobo, south to the Orinoco Valley and vicinity of Me"ridab. 5: Venezuela (Maracay, Aragua 5). *Myiozetetes cayanensis hellmayri Hartert and Goodson*. HELL- MAYR'S FLYCATCHER. primaries. Specimens from central Brazil (Goyaz and Minas Geraes) are decidedly larger, thereby approaching M. c. erythropterus. Material examined. — French Guiana 7, British Guiana 6. Brazil: Para district 5 ; Rio Branco 3; Maranhao i; Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso 3; Goyaz (City) 3, Rio Araguaya, Goyaz i ; Rio Jordao, Araguary, Minas Geraes i. a Myiozetetes cayanensis rufipennis LAWRENCE: Easily distinguished from M. c. cayanensis by rufous edges to the wing-coverts and by having the basal half of the primaries on both webs rufous. It approaches M. c. erythropterus in extent of rufous, but is much smaller. Wing 84-92; tail 68-77. The characters of this form are carried to the extreme in specimens from the Venezuelan north coast while the inhabitants of the Orinoco Valley somewhat diverge toward M. c. cayanensis. Material examined. — Bermudez: Campos Alegre 2, Los Palmales i. Maracay, Aragua 4. Carabobo: Puerto Cabello i , San Esteban i . Merida i. Orinoco Valley: Ciudad Bolivar 3, Altagracia 5, Caicara i, Quiribana de Caicara i. Suapure, Caura i, San Fernando, Rio Apure i. b "Trinidad" has erroneously been included in the range of this bird. 0 Myiozetetes cayanensis hellmayri HARTERT and GOODSON: Very similar to M. c. cayanensis, but upper parts not so dark, more olivaceous, with the rufous edges to the primaries as a rule more pronounced. Besides the specimens listed above I have examined the following material. — Ecuador: San Javier 9, Babahoyo i. Colombia: Bogotd 8, N6vita i, Boca de Calima i. 140 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiozetetes cayanensis hellmayri HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 412, 1917 — Cachavi, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 360, 1922 — Trojas de Cataca, Tucurinca, and Funda- ci6n, Santa Marta region. Myiozetetes guianensis (not of CABANIS and HEINE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 283, 1860 — Babahoyo; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 333 — between Canta and the Magdalena, Colombia. Myiozetetes cayennensis (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 752 — part, Babahoyo; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 556 — Guaya- quil; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 302, 1884 — Bucaramanga; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 160, 1888 — part, spec, d-p, Magdalena Valley, Medellin, Bucaramanga, Bogota, Babahoyo, "Quito," Balzar, Santa Rita; ROBINSON, Flying Trip, p. 160, 1895 — Barranquilla to Honda, and Guaduas; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 488, 1898 — Cachavi, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 9, 1899 — Vinces and Rio Peripa, Ecuador; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — Santo Domingo, Ecuador; MENEGAUX, Miss. Mes. Arc Me"rid. Equat., 9, p. 650, 1911 — Santo Domingo. Myiozetetes texensis (not of GIRAUD) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 513 — Envigado and Medellin. Myiozetetes cayanensis cayanensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 444, 1901 — part, Colombia and Ecuador; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 649, 1906 — part, Bogota and Ecuador; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1134 — N6vita and Boca de Calima, Colombia; CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 460, 1917 — numerous localities in Colombia. Range: Tropical Zone of western Ecuador, Colombia, and adja- cent section of northwestern Venezuela (heavily forested region south of Lake Maracaibo, State of Zulia). 13: Ecuador (Milagro 2); Colombia (Bagado, Choc6 i; Dabeiba, Rio Sucio i ; Amalfi, Antioquia i ; El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose" de Cucuta, Santander 2; Bogota i); Venezuela (Encontrados i, Catatumbo River 2, Orope 2). Myiozetetes cayanensis harterti Bangs and Penard*. HARTERT'S FLYCATCHER. Myiozetetes cayanensis harterti BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 374, 1921 — Loma del Leon, Panama; BANGS and BARBOUR, I.e., 65, p. 217, 1922 — Jesusito, Darien. Myiozetetes cayennensis (not of LINNAEUS) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 295, 1862 — Lion Hill, Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, • Myiozetetes cayanensis harterti BANGS and PENARD: Very close to M. c. hellmayri, but smaller (wing 82-87, against 85-94); upper parts slightly duller; rufous wing edges barely indicated. With only two specimens before me I find it rather hard to separate this form from M . c. hellmayri, but the describers who had a large series for comparison consider it distinct. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 141 p. 1 60, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, Paraiso Station and Panama; SALVIN and GOD- MAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 40, 1889 — part, Panama; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 21, 1900 — Loma del Leon; idem and THAYER, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 218, 1906 — Sabana of Panama. Myiozetetes cayanensis cayanensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 444, 1907 — part, Panama; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 265 — Gatun, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 318, 1924 — Mindi and New Culebra, Panama. Range: Eastern Panama (Railroad line and Darien). ^Myiozetetes similis similis (Spix). VERMILION-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa similis SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 18, 1825 — descr. part, Amazon River (type in Munich Museum examined)*. Elaenea miles (not Muscicapa miles WIED) BURMEISTER, Syst. "Qbers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 474, 1856 — Lagoa Santa and Congonhas, Minas Geraes. Myiozetetes similis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — Sapitiba, Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema, and Rio Parana; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 340 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 753 — part, Brazil; LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 382 — Para; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo; FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 342 — Pernambuco; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 161, 1888 — Pernambuco, Bahia, Novo Friburgo, Santa F6 (Minas), SSo Paulo, Para; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; GOELDI, Ibis, 1897, p. 162 — Amapa; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 196, 1899 — Iguape1, Tiete", Piracicaba, and Piquete, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo, Rio; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 40 — Bahia; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 286, 1907 — Piracicaba, Tiet6, Rio Frio, Bebedouro, and Iguape', Sao Paulo; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910 — Pao d'Alho, near Recife, and Petrolino, Rio Sao Francisco (Pernambuco), Parnagua (Piauhy); DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 344, 1914 — Iguazu, Misiones; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 387, 1914 — part, Amapa, Arumanduba, Monte Alegre, Rio Jamunda (Faro). Myiozetetes columbianus (not of CABANIS and HEINE) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 190, 1868 — part, Rio Madeira (spec, examined). Myiozetetes similis similis HELLMAYR, Abhdl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 650, 1906 — part, Brazil (crit.); idem, I.e., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Para; idem, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 295, 1910 — Rio Madeira, below SSo Joao do Crato; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 2, 1924 (char., range). Range : Paraguay ; northeastern Argentina (Misiones) ; and eastern Brazil, from Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Geraes north to l • As shown by the original examples in the Munich Museum, Spix confused M. cayanensis and M. similis auct. under one heading. The detailed description and the plate refer to the first-named species while the short diagnosis, immediately following the name M. similis, as well as the final paragraphs have evidently been drawn up from the second specimen (No. 2, of my revision of Spix's types) belonging to M. similis auct. I, therefore, formally designate No. 2 as type. 142 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Amapd and the lower Amazon, west to the Rio Madeira and Rio Jamunda*. 6: Brazil, Sao Paulo (Victoria i); Ceara (Serra Baturite" i); Piauhy (Arara i); Maranhao (Rosario i, Cod6, Cocos i); Argentina (Iguazu, Misiones i). *Myiozetetes similis connivens Berlepsch and Stolzmannb. PERUVIAN VERMILION-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Myiozetetes similis connivens BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 37, 1906 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 461, 1917 — La Morelia, Buenavista, and Villavicencio, eastern base of Andes, Colombia; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Bellavista and Perico, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 96, 1921 — Idma, Urubamba; idem, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 2, 1924 (char., range). Elaenia cayennensis (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 458, 1858 — Gualaquiza and Zamora, Ecuador. Myiozetetes cayennensis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189 — Nauta; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 598 — Cosnipata; idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Huiro; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 275, 1884 — Cosnipata, Huiro (excl. descr.). Myiozetetes similis (not of SPIX) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 279 — Nauta, Ucayali, Pebas; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 537 — Monterico; idem, Orn. Perou, 2, p. 276, 1884 — Monterico, Nauta, Ucayali, Moyobamba, San Ignacio; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 90 — Mapoto, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, I.e., 1896, p. 365 — La Merced, Peru; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Cachoeira and Monte Verde, Rio Purvis; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 387, 1914 — part, Rio Purvis. Myiozetetes texensis (not of GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 162, 1888 — part, spec, q-t, Sarayacu, Pebas, Cosnipata. Range: Amazonian slope of the Andes from Colombia (Villavicen- cio ; Rio Caqueta) to southeastern Peru, east to the upper Orinoco (San Fernando0), Venezuela, and the Rio Punis, BraziH 13 : Peru (Moyobamba 5, Yurimaguas 3, Chinchao 3, Vista Alegre 2). • Material examined. — Twenty-two specimens from Sao Paulo to Para. A single specimen from the Rio Madeira (below Sao Joao do Crato) and two from Monte Alegre also appear to belong to typical similis. b Myiozetetes similis connivens BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN: Similar to M. s. similis, but upper parts on average more greenish; superciliaries and throat more shaded with yellowish ; edges to wing and tail feathers yellowish rather than tawny. e Fide Chapman. d Birds from Villavicencio (Colombia) and Mapoto (Ecuador) agree well with the Peruvian ones. Two from the Rio Purvis, while slightly diverging in the direction of M. s. similis, are nearer to connivens. Material examined. — Colombia: Villavicencio 2. Ecuador: Mapoto i. Peru: Iquitos i, Moyobamba 5, Yurimaguas 3, Chinchao 3, Vista Alegre 2, Chanchamayo i, Santa Ana (the type) i. Brazil: Cachoeira, Rio Punis 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 143 Myiozetetes similis grandis Lawrence*. PACIFIC VERMILION-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Myiozetetes grandis LAWRENCE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1871, p. 234 — Prov. Tumbez, Peru. Myiozetetes similis pacificus CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 2, 1924 — Santa Rosa, Prov. El Oro, Ecuador. Myiozetetes columbianus (not of CABANIS and HEINE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas. Myiozetetes similis (not of SPIX) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 753 — part, Esmeraldas. Myiozetetes texensis (not of GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 162, 1888 — part, spec, n, Esmeraldas; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 9, 1899 — Rio Peripa and Balzar, Ecuador. Range: Tropical Zone of western Ecuador (north to Esmeraldas) and northwestern Peru (Prov. Tumbez). ^Myiozetetes similis columbianus Cabanis and Heine*. COLOMBIAN VERMILION-CROWNED FLYCATCHER. Myiozetetes columbianus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 62, 1859 — Puerto Cabello (Venezuela) and Carthagena, Colombia (types in Heine Collection examined). Myiozetetes icterophrys HEINE, Journ. Orn., 9, p. 197, 1861 — Baranquilla, Colom- bia (type in Heine Collection examined)0. Myiozetetes marginatus LAWRENCE, Ibis, 5, p. 182, 1863 — Panama. Myiozetetes texensis (not of GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 162,1888 — part, spec, w-m', Castillo, Chitra (Veragua), Panama, Bogota, San Este- ban, La Guayra, "Trinidad"; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 54, 1892 — El Pilar, Bermudez; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa, Venezuela. • Myiozetetes similis grandis LAWRENCE: Nearest to M. s. connivens, but under parts decidedly deeper (wax) yellow; light tips to larger wing coverts more conspicu- ous; external margin of inner secondaries more greenish yellow; size slightly larger; similar also to M. s. columbianus, but larger and deeper yellow below. Wing (male) 93, (female) 86-89; tail 76, (female) 69-72; bill n. Material examined. — Peru: Tumbez i. Ecuador: Rio Peripa i, Balzar i, Esmeraldas i. b Myiozetetes similis columbianus CABANIS and HEINE is the smallest and palest among the races of this group, with yellowish external margins to the secondaries and buffy or maize yellow quill-lining. Specimens from the Orinoco (Altagracia) closely approach M. s. connivens in coloration, but agree with columbianus in size. 8 The type has the superciliary streak and the throat rather more yellowish than the average of columbianus, but is closely approached by one of the Encontrados examples (No. 34152). It is, however, quite distinct from M. g. granadensis with which Heine's name has sometimes been synonymized. 144 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiozetetes superciliosus columbianus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 46, 1902 — Altagracia and Ciudad Bolivar, Orinoco River. Myiozetetes similis columbianus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 650, 1906 (char., range); HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 80, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 204 — Cariaquito, Paria Peninsula; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 460, 1917 — Remedios, Chicoral, below Andalucia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 358, 1922 — Minca, Buritaca, Mamotoco, Don Diego, Tucurinca Fundaci6n; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 318, 1924 — Gatun, Panama; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 2, 1924 (char., range). Myiozetetes similis superciliosus (not of BONAPARTE) BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Costa Rica. Myiozetetes texensis columbianus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 449, 1907 — Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and "Trinidad"; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 715, 1910 — El General de Terraba, El Pozo, Boruca, and Buenos Aires, southwestern Costa Rica (crit., habits) ; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 234, 1916 — Orinoco River, from the delta up to Caicara (nest and eggs descr.); STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 265 — Gatun (nest and eggs descr.). Range: Southwestern Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (west of the eastern Andes); and northern Venezuela, east to Bermudez, south to the Orinoco Valley8. 26: Panama (Colon 4); Colombia (Bogota 2); Venezuela (Encon- trados, Zulia 3, Guayabo, Zulia i ; La Ceiba, Trujillo i ; Valera, Zulia i ; Caracas 2; Macuto, Caracas 3; Maracay, Aragua 9). *Myiozetetes similis texensis (Giraud). GIRAUD'S FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa texensis GIRAUD, Sixteen Spec. Texas Birds, pi. i, 1841 — "Texas" (type in U. S. National Museum). Myiozetetes texensis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 162, 1888 — part, spec, a-v, Mexico to Costa Rica; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Turrialba and Guayabo, Costa Rica. Myiozetetes texensis texensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 446, 1907 — southern Mexico to Costa Rica (monog., full bibliography) ; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 716, 1910 — Costa Rica (range); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 78, 1911 — Alta Mira, Tamaulipas; PETERS, I.e., 30, p. 376, 1913 — Camp Mengel and Xcopen, Terre Quintana Roo. Tyrannus superciliosus (not Tyrannula superciliosa SWAINSON) BONAPARTE, P. Z. S. Lond., 5, "1837," p. 118, June 1838 — Guatemala. Myiozetetes similis superciliosus NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 124, 1900 — part (crit.). Myiozetetes similis superciliosus (not of SWAINSON) HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 650, 1906 — part (diag.); DEARBORN, Field • No authentic record exists for its occurrence in Trinidad. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 145 Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 102, 1907 — Los Amates, Gualan, Patulul, and Lake Amatitlan, Guatemala. Range : Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Pueblo, Michoa- can, Sinaloa, Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, Yucatan, Quin- tana Roo, and Chiapas), southward through Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to Costa Rica (except southwestern section). 48: Mexico (Escuinapa, Sinaloa i, Colima 3, Tampico, Tamaulipas 12, Iguala, Guerrero i, Yucatan 2, San Felipe, Yucatan 2); Guatemala (Patulul, Solola 2, Gualan, Zacapa i, Lake Amatitlan i, Los Amates, Izabel 3, unspecified i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 7, San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 2); Costa Rica (Guayabo 7, Turrialba Sta- tion i, Siquirres 2). ^Myiozetetes granadensis granadensis Lawrence. GRAY-CAPPED FLY- CATCHER. Myiozetetes granadensis LAWRENCE, Ibis, 4, p. n, 1862 — Panama Railroad; idem, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 473, 1862 — Lion Hill; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 754 (crit., range); BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 556 — Chimbo, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 276, 1884 — part, Tumbez; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 163, 1888 — part, spec, a-g, Chontales, Nicaragua, Chiriqui, Panama, San Pablo Station, Bogota; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 42, 1889 — part, excl. Peru; RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 506, 1893 — Rio Escon- dido, Nicaragua; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 21, 1900 — Loma del Leon, Panama; idem, I.e., 3, p. 37, 1902 — Bogaba, Panama; RIDGWAY/ Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 451, 1907 — part, excl. Venezuela, eastern Ecuador, and Peru (monog., full bibliog. references); CARRIKER, Ann. Car- negie Mus., 6, p. 714, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and eggs descr.) ; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 461, 1917 — part, Alto Bonito, Bagado, San Jose', Barbacoas, Calamar, Colombia; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 266 — Gatun, Panama; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 218, 1922 — Jesusito, Darien; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 318, 1924 — Gatun, Panama. Myiozetetes similis (not of SPIX) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 326 — Tumbez, Peru. Myiozetetes granadensis subsp. HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — Cachavi, Ecuador. Range: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Pacific coast and lower Magdalena) ; western Ecuador; and northwestern Peru (Tum- bez) ». • I am not able to satisfactorily separate birds from Colombia and Ecuador, although they average slightly darker above. Material examined. — Costa Rica 14. Panama (Canal Zone) 4. Colombia: "Bo- gota" 5. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: San Javier 3, Ventana 2. 146 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 12: Costa Rica (Boruca i, Lagarto i, Siquirres i, El General i, Limon 3, Guayabo 5). *Myiozetetes granadensis obscurior Todd*. AMAZONIAN GRAY-CAPPED FLYCATCHER. Myiozetetes granadensis obscurior TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 95, 1925 — Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Rio Solimoes, Brazil. Myiozetetes granadensis (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 598 — Cosnipata, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 20 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 276, 1884 — part, Cosnipata, Yurimaguas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 163, 1888 — part, spec, h, Peru; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 302, 1889 — Tarapoto, Peru; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — Coca, Rio Napo, eastern Ecuador; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 450, 1907 — part, Venezuela, eastern Ecuador, and Peru; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 24, 1908 — Bom Lugar, Rio Punis (spec, examined); idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 387, 1914 — same locality; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 235, 1916 — La Pricion, Caura; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 461, 1917 — part, Villavicencio, Colombia and Rio Cunucunuma, Venezuela; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 56, 1920 — "Chaquimayo"=Yahuarmayo, Carabaya, Peru (crit.). Myiozetetes granadensis subsp. BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 46, 1902 — La Pricion, Caura, Venezuela (spec, examined.) Range : Amazonian forest region, from southern Venezuela (La Pri- cion, Caura River) and the eastern base of the Andes of Colombia (Villavicencio) through eastern Ecuador south to western Brazil (Rio Solimoes and Rio Punis) and southeastern Peru (Sierra of Carabaya). 2: Peru (Yurimaguas 2). Myiozetetes luteiventris (Sclater)b. ORANGE- VENTED FLYCATCHER. Elaenia luteiventris SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 71, 1858 — Rio Napo, Ecuador. Myiozetetes luteiventris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — Borba, Rio Madeira, and Marabitanas, Rio Negro (spec, examined); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 754, 755 — Rio Napo and"Oyapock, Cayenne" (crit.); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 278, 1884 — Nauta, Peru (spec, in Paris Museum examined); • Myiozetetes granadensis obscurior TODD: Similar to M. g. granadensis, but larger; upper parts darker and greener; crown slightly deeper gray; throat more tinged with yellowish. Wing (male) 88-94; tail 72-81; bill 13^2-15. Material examined. — Venezuela: La Pricion, Caura i. Peru: Yurimaguas 2, Tarapoto i, Yahuarmayo 2. b A very characteristic species of peculiar coloration and with very short bill, probably not congeneric with Myiozetetes. Its structure should be carefully rein- vestigated. Material examined. — Colombia: Cuembi, Rio Putumayo (female, Sept. 6, 1897. G. Hopke, Coll. Berlepsch) i. Ecuador: Rio Napo (the type) i. Brazil: Marabi- tanas, Kio Negro 3; Borba, Rio Madeira 2; Rio Jurud i. Peru: Nauta 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 147 SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 164, 1888 — "Oyapock, Cayenne," Rio Napo and Sarayacu, Ecuador; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., I, p. 286, 1907 — Rio Jurua; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 127, 1908 — "Oyapock, Cayenne"; HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 295, 1910 — Borba, Rio Madeira. Myiopagis subplacens (not Elainea subplacens SCLATER) IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 434, 1905 — Rio Jurua (spec, examined). Range: Amazonian region from southeastern Colombia (Rio Pu- tumayo) and eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo, Sarayacu) to northern Peru (Nauta), east to northwestern Brazil (Rio Negro, Rio Jurua, and Rio Madeira) a. Genus TYRANNOPSIS Ridgway". Tyrannopsis RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 209, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa sulphurea SPIX. *Tyrannopsis sulphurea (Spix). SULPHURY FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa sulphurea SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 16, pi. 20, 1825 — Brazil (type in Munich Museum examined). Tyrannula peruviana LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 5, p. 56, 1853 — "Quito, in Peru via," probably Rio Napo. Tyrannus luggeri RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 481, May 1879 — Cayenne and Demerara; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 28 (crit.). Myiozetetes sulphur eus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — Porto do Rio Araguay, Goyaz, and Rio Muria, near Para (spec, examined); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 754 — Chamicuros, Peru (diag.); SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1873, p. 279 — Chamicuros; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 277, 1884 — Cayenne and Chamicuros; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 295 — Bartica Grove, British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 164, 1888 — Chamicuros (Peru), Sarayacu (Ecuador), Bartica Grove, and Cayenne; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diamantina, near Santarem, Rio Tapaj6z; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 39, 1894 — La Brea, Trinidad; GOELDI, Ibis, 1897, p, 162 — Amapa; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 46, 1902 — Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco River, Venezuela; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 23, 1906 — La Brea, Trinidad (ex CHAPMAN); idem, Abhdl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 647, 1906 — note on type (descr., meas., range); PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 238, 1910 — Surinam (egg descr.); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 198, 1921 — Bartica, Bonasika River, Great Falls of Demerara River. Tyrannopsis sulphureus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 127, 1908 — Cayenne and Rio Approuague, French Guiana; HELLMAYR, Abhdl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Rio Muria; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, * The locality "Oyapock, Cayenne" is open to doubt. b The genus Tyrannopsis RIDGWAY, though nearly allied to, is easily separated from, Myiozetetes by much larger, stouter bill, shorter and more rounded wing, rela- tively shorter tail, and decidedly shorter tarsus. 148 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 8, p. 387, 1914 — Pard, Maraj6 (Santa Anna), Amapa, Manaos; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 235, 1916 — Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco River. Range: Island of Trinidad (La Brea); French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela (Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco Valley) ; Brazil, from Amapa and Manaos south to the sources of the Araguay, State of Goyaz ; eastern Ecuador; eastern Peru8. 3: Peru (Yurimaguas i, Rioja i); Brazil (Rio Counany, State of Para i). Genus PITANGUS Swainson. Pitangus SWAINSON, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 165, 1826 — type by orig. desig. Tyrannus sulphuratus VIEJLLOT= Lanius sulphuratus LINNAEUS. Saurophagus SWAINSON in Richardson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., 2, p. 484, 1831 — type by orig. desig. Lanius sulphuratus LINNAEUS. Apolites SUNDEVALL, Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., 1835, p. 81, 1836 — type Lanius sulphuratus LINNAEUS. *Pitangus sulphuratus derbianus (Kaup). DERBY FLYCATCHER. Saurophagus derbianus KAUP, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, "1851," p. 44, Oct. 1852 — Zacatecas, Mexico. Saurophagus guatimalensis LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 4, p. 462, Oct. 1 85 2 — Guatemala. Pitangus derbianus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 175, 1888 — part, subsp. typica, Mexico to Honduras; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 43, 1889 — part, lower Rio Grande Valley south to Costa Rica. Pitangus derbianus derbianus BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Pitangus sulphuratus derbianus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 672, 1907 — Texas to Costa Rica (monog., full bibliography); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 103, 1907 — Los Amates, Lake Amatitlan, and Mazatenango, Guatemala; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 688, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Alta- mira, Guiaves, and Rio Martinez, Tamaulipas; PETERS, I.e., 30, p. 375, 1913 — Santa Lucia and Camp Mengel, Terre Quintana Roo. Range: Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, and southward through Mexico and Central America to Costa Rica. 41 : Texas (Hidalgo i) ; Mexico (Tampico, Tamaulipas 5 ; Las Lomi- tas, Sinaloa i, Esuinapa, Sinaloa 2; Iguala, Guerrero 13; Tuxpam, Jal- isco i ; Achatal, Vera Cruz i ; San Felipe, Yucatan 2, Uxmal, Yucatan i) ; • Material examined. — British Guiana: Bartica Grove 6. French Guiana: Ca- yenne i, Rio Approuague i. Venezuela. Quiribana de Caicara 4. Brazil: Amapd i, Counany i, Rio Muria, Para 2, Porto do Rio Araguay, Goyaz 3, unspecified (the type) i. Peru: Rioja i, Yurimaguas i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 149 Guatemala (Lake Amatitlan i, Los Amates i, Mazatenango i); Hon- duras (Truxillo i) ; Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 7, San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i); Costa Rica (Siquirres i, Limon i). *Pitangus sulphuratus rufipennis (Lafresnaye) . RUFOUS-WINGED FLY- CATCHER. Saurophagus rufipennis LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 3, p. 471, 1851 — Caracas; CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 63, 1859 — Puerto Cabello. Pitangus rufipennis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Caracas; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 333 — Cienaga and Baranquilla, Colombia. Pitangus derbianus rufipennis BERLEPSCH, Ibis, 1884, p. 434 — Angostura, Orin- oco (crit.); PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumana, Cumanacoa, San An- tonio, Bermudez; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 137, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 146, 1900 — Bonda and Santa Marta; ROBINSON and RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 24, p. 173, 1901 — San Julian, Venezuela; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 47, 1902 — Altagracia, Ciudad Bolivar, and Caicara, Orinoco River (nest and eggs descr.). Pitangus derbianus (not of KAUP) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, P- 201 — Valle Dupar; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 175, 1888 — part, subsp. rufipennis, spec, a-d, Santa Marta, Valle Dupar, Bogota, Caracas. Pitangus sulphuratus (not of LINNAEUS) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 54, 1892 — El Pilar, Bermudez. Megarhynchus pitangus (not of LINNAEUS) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 21, p. 283, 1905 — Bonda (nest and eggs descr.). Pitangus sulphuratus rufipennis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 24, 1906 — crit., range excl. Cauca Valley; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 81, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 239, 1916 — Orinoco Valley (nest and eggs descr.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 462, 1917 — La Playa, Calamar, Honda, Chicoral, and below Andalucia, Magdalena Valley; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 341, 1922 — Fundaci6n, Santa Marta, Bonda, Mamatoco, Tucurinca, Gaira, Dibulla, and Rio Hacha. Range: Northern Venezuela, east to Bermudez (vicinity of Cum- ana), south to the Orinoco (as far east as Ciudad Bolivar) ; and Colom- bia (Santa Marta district and northern littoral, south through the Magdalena Valley up to below Andalucia)*. [16: Colombia (Bogotd i); Venezuela (Encontrados, Zulia 2, Rio Aurare, east of Maracaibo, Zulia 2; Maracay, Aragua 6; Lake Valen- cia i ; Caracas i ; Cumana, Bermudez 3). • Twelve specimens from Bermudez and fifteen from the middle stretches of the Orinoco (Ciudad Bolivar to Caicara) agree perfectly with a series from near the type locality, showing no approach to trinitatis. Birds from Bogotd and the Magdalena Valley average rather darker. Seventy examples examined. 150 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pitangus sulphuratus trinitatis Hellmayr*. TRINIDAD KISKADEE FLY- CATCHER. Pitangus sulphuratus trinitatis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zoo}., 13, p. 24, 1906 — Caparo, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 361, 1908 — Pointe Gourde, Trinidad; (?) BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), x, p. 97, 1909 — Cano Col- orado, Guanoco, and track toward La Brea, Orinoco delta; (?) CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 240, 1916 — Las Barrancas, Orinoco delta. Saurophagus sulphuratus (not of LINNAEUS) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 210, 1866— Trinidad. Pitangus sulphuratus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 40, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad. Pitangus rufipennis (not of LAFRESNAYE) TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — Trinidad. Pitangus derbianus (not of KAUP) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 175, 1888 — part, subsp. rufipennis, e-h, Trinidad. Pitangus derbianus rufipennis CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 189, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad; (?) STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 204 — Guinipia, Orinoco delta. Range : Island of Trinidad ; (?) Orinoco delta, northeastern Venezuela. Pitangus sulphuratus caucensis Chapman*. CAUCA KISKADEE FLY- CATCHER. Pitangus sulphuratus caucensis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, p. 179, 1914 — Cali, Cauca Valley, Colombia; idem, I.e., 36, p. 462, 1917 — Cali, Flor- ida, and Rio Frio, Colombia. Range: Western Colombia (Cauca Valley). a Pitangus sulphuratus trinitatis HELLMAYR: Nearly allied to P. s. rufipennis, but rufous edges to wing coverts much narrower; the rufous outer web of the quills sepa- rated from the paler inner margin by a broad dusky shaft-stripe; rectrices with but a slight edge along outer web and the inner third of the inner web rufous. Wing 107- iii ; tail 81-87; bill 27-29. Specimens from the Orinoco delta region, which we have not seen, are referred to trinitatis by Beebe and Cherrie. Chapman (I.e., 36, p. 462, 1917), however, describes a specimen from the delta and another from Maripa "on the lower Orinoco"[ = Caura] as having the rufous and fuscous areas of wing and tail more sharply defined than in Trinidad skins, and mentions two similar examples from Villavicencio, at the eastern base of the Colombian Andes. As stated elsewhere, the Kiskadee Flycatchers of the middle Orinoco are perfectly typical rufipennis. Material examined. — Trinidad: Caparo 20, Icacos i, Chaguaramas i, Seelet i, Aripo i. b Pitangus sulphuratus caucensis CHAPMAN: "In the extent of rufous markings most nearly resembling P. s. rufipennis, in general color nearer P. s. sulphuratus. "While nearer rufipennis in the extent of the rufous markings, caucensis shows some return to the sulphuratus type even in this respect, the lesser wing-coverts and particularly the primary coverts and upper tail-coverts having much larger fuscous shaft streaks, the remiges and rectrices also usually having less rufous." (Chapman, I.e.). We are not acquainted with this race. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 151 *Pitangus sulphuratus sulphuratus (Linnaeus). BEMTEVI. Lanius sulphuratus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., i2th ed., i, p. 137, 1766 — based on Brisson, Orn., 2, p. 176, pi. 16, 1760, Cayenne. Corvus leucogaster BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 15, 1783 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 249, Cayenne. Corvus flaws GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (i), p. 373, 1788 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 249, Cayenne. Tyrannus magnanimus VIEILLOT, Tabl. enc. me'th., Orn., livr. 93, p. 850, 1823 — Guiana. Tyrannus sulphuratus VIEILLOT, Hist. Nat. Ois. Ame"r. sept., i, p. 77, pi. 47, 1807 — Cayenne, "Saint-Domingue," "Porto Rico." Saurophagus sulphuratus CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 698, 1848 — British Guiana; KAUP, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, p. 44, 1852 (char.); LAFRES- NAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 3, p. 476, 1851 (crit.)- Pitangus sulphuratus .SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189 — Nauta; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 578 — Para; idem, I.e., p. 751 — Yurimaguas; idem, I.e., p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 280 — Nauta, Yurimaguas, Pebas; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 1868 — Forte do Rio Branco; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 20 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 286, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 296 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 176, 1888 — part, subsp. typica, spec, a-k, Georgetown, Bartica Grove, Para, Mexiana, Sarayacu ("Ecuador), Pebas; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37» P- 3°2» J889 — Tarapoto, Peru; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 260, 1890 — Diamantina, Santarem; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — Coca, Rio Napo; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 126, 1908 — Cayenne and Rio Approuague, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 527, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; HAGMANN, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 26, p. 30, 1909 — Mexiana; SNETH- LAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 385, 1914 — Pard, Peixe-Boi, Capanema, Quati- puru, Rio Tocantins (Arumatheua), Rio Xingii (Victoria), Maraj6 (Pacoval), Mexiana, Monte Alegre, Rio Jamundd (Faro); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 199, 1921 — numerous localities (nest and eggs descr.) ; PINTO-PEIXOTO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 272, 1923 — Maraj6. Pitangus derbianus var. rufipenms (not of LAFRESNAYE) MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 118, 1904 — Ouanary and Mana, French Guiana (spec, examined). Pitangus sulphuratus sulphuratus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 24, 1906 (char., range): idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, no. 2, p. 25, 89, 1912 — Ipitinga, Pard; idem, I.e., p. 130, 1912 — Cachoueira, Maraj6; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — Paramaribo, Surinam. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; northern Brazil, south to the Amazon, Maraj6, Mexiana, and Pard; northeastern Peru, and adjacent districts of eastern Ecuador4. a Birds from Peru are generally darker brown above and average smaller, especi- ally on the bill. Those from Pard are difficult to place and may just as well be referred to P. s. maximiliani, of eastern Brazil. Material examined. — French Guiana 8, Surinam 5, British Guiana 7. Brazil: Rio Branco 3, Itacoatiard i, Maraj6 i, Pard district 2. Peru: Moyobamba 5, Iquitos i. 152 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 1 1 : British Guiana (Georgetown 2, unspecified i) ; Brazil (Boavista, Rio Branco i; Serra da Lua, near Boavista i; Itacoatiara i); Peru (Moyobamba 5). *Pitangus sulphuratus maximiliani (Cabanis and Heine}*. MAXIMI- LIAN'S BEMTEVI. Saurophagus maximiliani CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hem., 2, p. 63, 1859 — "Brasilien"=Bahia; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo. Saurophagus sulphuratus (not of LINNAEUS) BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 461, 1856 — Congonhas, Minas Geraes (habits); PELZELN, Reise Novara, Zool., i, Vogel, p. 78, 1865 — Rio de Janeiro (spec, examined). Tyrannus sulphuratus DESCOURTILZ, Orn. fire's., p. 21, pi. 22, fig. 4, 1856 — Brazil. Pitangus bellicosus (not of VIEILLOT) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema (spec, examined) . Pitangus maximiliani PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 1868 — Cidade de Goyaz (Goyaz), Cuyaba and Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 339 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 260, 1873 — Blumenau, Santa Catharina (crit.); BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio. Pitangus sulphuratus HAMILTON, Ibis, 1871, p. 304 — Sao Paulo; FORBES, I.e., 1881, p. 342 — Pernambuco; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 176, 1888 — part, subsp. maximiliani, Brazil; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 198, 1899 — Sao Sebastiao and Piquete, Sao Paulo; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 40 — Bahia. Pitangus derbianus bolivianus (not of LAFRESNAYE) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 337, 1892 — Abrilongo, Matto Grosso. Pitangus sulphuratus maximiliani IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 287, 1907 — Ypiranga, Sao Sebastiao, Piquete, Sao Jose' do Rio Pardo, Franca, and Bebedouro (Sao Paulo), Vargem Alegre (Minas Geraes), Porto Cachoeiro (Espirito Santo); LUDERWALDT, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 27, p. 354, 1909 — Itatiaya; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910 — Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Rio Vermelho and Fazenda da Serra (Bahia), Riacho da Raiz, below Uniao, Rio Parnahyba (Piauhy). Pitangus sulphuratus bolivianus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 50, 1908 — Rio Thesouras, Rio Araguay, and Goyaz City, Goyaz; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 481, 498, 1912 — Vera Guarany and Marechal Mallet, Parana. • Pitangus sulphuratus maximiliani (CABANIS and HEINE) is a very unsatis- factory race, differing from sulphuratus by somewhat stronger bill, generally paler yellow under parts, more white about the forehead, lighter (less orange) crown patch and, as a rule, less conspicuous rufous edging to the quills. Certain specimens from Guiana, however, agree in several or all of these points with Brazilian birds. Material examined. — Santa Catharina i, Parana 2, Sao Paulo 8, Rio de Janeiro 3, Bahia 9, Goyaz 6, Matto Grosso 9, Piauhy i, Ceara i, Maranhao 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 153 Range: Eastern and central Brazil, from Maranhao and Piauhy south to Santa Catharina, west through Minas Geraes and Goyaz to Matto Grosso and the plains of eastern Bolivia (Dept. Beni). 9 : Brazil (Quixada, Ceard i ; Ibiapaba, Piauhy i ; Rosario, Maran- hao i; Cururupu, Maranhao i; Piraputanga 2, Descalvados i, Urucum de Corumbd, Matto Grosso i); Bolivia (Trinidad, Rio Mamor^, Dept. Beni i). *Pitangus sulphuratus bolivianus (Lafresnaye) . BOLIVIAN BEMTEVI. Saurophagus bolivianus LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 4, p. 463, 1852 — Chuquisaca, Bolivia. Tyrannus sulphuratus (not of LINNAEUS) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 42, 1837 — Montevideo, Corrientes, Cochabamba, Chuquisaca; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 304, 1839 (range, habits). Saurophagus flavus (not Corvus flavus GMELIN) Kaup, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, p. 44, 1852 — southern Brazil and Bolivia (char.). Saurophagus sulphuratus BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 245, 1860 — Argentina; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 452, 1861 — Argentina; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg. i, p. 251, 1874 — Ri° Guayquiraro, Corrientes; HOLMBERG, Act. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 5, p. 78, 1884 — Ayacucho to Tandil, Buenos Aires. Saurophagus bellicosus (not of VIEILLOT) CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 64, 1859 — Rio Grande [do Sul] and Montevideo (diag.). Pitangus bellicosus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas, Buenos Aires; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 178 — Buenos Aires; GIBSON, I.e., 1880, p. 24 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 607 — City of Catamarca; GIBSON, Ibis, 1885, p. 280 — Paysandu, Uruguay; DALGLEISH, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., 6, p. 247, pi. 8, fig. i (egg), 1881 — Est. de la Tala, Uruguay; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 200, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios. Pitangus bolivianus BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 134, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul (crit.) ; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 147, 1888 — Argentina (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 177, 1888 — Uruguay, Cosquin (Cordoba), Conchitas, Punta Lara, Buenos Aires; WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora; HOLLAND, I.e., 1890, p. 425 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; KERR, I.e., 1892, p. 130 — near Fortin Donovan, Paraguay; HOLLAND, I.e., p. 200 — Est. Espartillar; APLIN, I.e., 1894, P- *79 — Uruguay; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — San Jose1, Paraguay; idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 16, 1897 — Caiza, Bolivia; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Villa Concepcion, Paraguay; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 186, 1902 — Tucuman; LONNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 469 — Fortin Crevaux, Bolivian Chaco; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Tucuman; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Oran, Salta; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Tucuman; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, iS4 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. p. 589 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. 119 — Los Ynglases (Aj6), Riacho Ancho (Argentina), Mortero (Paraguay); GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 404 — Cape San Antonio. Saurophagus sulphuratus bolivianus STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba. Pitangus sulphuratus bolivianus IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 136, 1899 — Mundo Novo, Novo Hamburgo, Pedras Brancas, Sao Lourenco; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 287, 1907 — Taquara and Novo Ham- burgo, Rio Grande do Sul ; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., i6,p. 201, 1909 — Ocampo, Barracas al Sud, Tucumdn, La Soledad (Entrerios) ; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 341, 1910 (range in Argentina) ; idem, I.e., 23, p. 333, 1912 — Villa Rica, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Paraguay; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 394, 1916 — La Plata; MARELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 79, 1918 — Curuzii Cuatia, Corrientes; SANZIN, I.e., p. 151, 1918 — Alto Verde, Mendoza; DABBENE, I.e., p. 238, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 21, 1920 — Uruguay (numerous localities); DAGUERRE, I.e., p. 269, 1922 — Rosas, Buenos Aires; SERI£ and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 648, 1924 — Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 17, 1925 — Bolivia (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 331, 1926 — Formosa (Argentina), Paraguay, and Uruguay (habits). Pitangus sulphuratus maximiliani (not of CABANIS and HEINE) BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 17, 1925 — Montevideo and Corrientes. Range: Highlands of Bolivia (in depts. Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca, and Tarija); Argentina, south to Mendoza, Cordoba, and Buenos Aires; Paraguay; Uruguay; and extreme southern Brazil (State of Rio Grande do Sul)*. 17: Bolivia (Parotani, Dept. Cochabamba i); Uruguay (Piedra del Toro, Pando i ; Maldonado 2 ; near San Carlos 2) ; Argentina (Noetin- ger, Prov. Cordoba 2; Estancia La Maria Luisa, Bonifacio, Prov. Buenos Aires i; Quilmes, Prov. Buenos Aires i; San Vicente, Prov. Santa Fe i ; Concepcion, Prov. Tucuman §}. *Pitangus lictor lictor (Lichtenstein). LICTOR FLYCATCHER. Lanius lictor LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 49, 1823 — Pard. • Birds from the Bolivian highlands, when compared with P. s. maximiliani of eastern Brazil, are easily distinguished by their much larger size, heavier bill, and pale brown upper parts, with very narrow, light rufescent edges to the primaries. A good many specimens from Argentina are similar in coloration, though they very rarely reach the maximum measurements of the Bolivian bird; others, especially from Paraguay, Uruguay, Corrientes, and Rio Grande do Sul, however, come very close to maximiliani, and it is largely a matter of personal opinion whether they should be referred to the western rather than the eastern race. Material examined. — Bolivia, Dept. Cochabamba: Tujma 2, Vinto 2, Parotani 3, Mizque i, Tarata i ; near Sucre, Chuquisaca i ; Rio Pilcomayo, Tarija i. Argentina: Buenos Aires (Quilmes, Barracas al Sud, Buenos Aires) 3; San Vicente, Santa Fe i; Corrientes 2; Noetinger, Cordoba 2; Mendoza 2; Tucuman 8. Paraguay: Trinidad 3, Puerto Pinasco i, Bernalcu6, near Asuncion 2. Uruguay: Montevideo i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 155 Megarynchus flavus (not Corvusflavus GMELIN) THUNBERG, Dissert. Schaerstroem, No. 3, 1824 (see Heine, Journ. Orn., 7, p. 341, 1859). Saurophagus swainsonii GOULD, P. Z. S. Lond., 3, "1835," p. 185, April 1836 — South America. Saurophagus pusillus SWAINSON, Anim. Menag., p. 284, 1838 — Brazil and Guiana. Muscicapa cayennensis (not of LINNAEUS) WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 846, 1831 — Rio Doce, Mucuri, Belmonte, south to Cabo Frio. Saurophagus lictor GRAY and MITCHELL, Gen. Birds, i, p. [246], pi. 62, 1847; CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 648, 1848 — British Guiana; KAUP, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, p. 44, 1852 — Pard (char.); BURMEISTER, Syst. Obers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 462, 1856 — Brazil. Pitangus lictor SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Mexianaj PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. in, 1868 — Engenho do Gama, Poruti, and Villa Bella, Matto Grosso, and Forte do Rio Branco; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 296 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 178, 1888 — part, spec, a-j, Matto Grosso, Bahia, Mexiana, Bartica Grove, British Guiana, Iquitos; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Santarem; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Rio Santiago, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 48, 1902 — Altagracia and Ciu- dad Bolivar, Orinoco River, and Suapure and La Pricion, Caura, Venezuela; GOELDI, Ibis, 1903, p. 499 — Capim River; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 287, 1907 — Bahia and Rio Doce, Espirito Santo; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., *4» P- 356, 1907 — Humaytha, Rio Madeira; idem, I.e., 17, p. 299, 1910 — Jamarysinho, Rio Madeira; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 127, 1908 — Cayenne; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 675, 1907 — part, excl. Panama and Colombia; HAGMANN, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 26, p. 31, 1909 — Mexiana; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 25, 89, 1912 — Ipitinga, Pard, Capim; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 204 — Guinipi and Manimo River, Orinoco delta; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 386, 1914 — Peixe-Boi, Quati-puru, Rio Guamd (S§o Miguel), Rio Capim (Resacca), Rio Xingu (Victoria), Rio Tapaj6z (Pinhel), Maraj6 (Pindobal, Sao Natal), Mexiana, Arumanduba; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 240, 1916 — Orinoco Valley; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 203, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mts., Bartica, Georgetown, Aremu River. Pitangus lictor lictor BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 78,1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Range: Venezuela (in states of Zulia, Trujillo, Aragua, and on the Orinoco and its tributaries") ; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; north- ern Brazil, south to Matto Grosso, and along the east coast as far south as Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro; eastern Peru (Iquitos; San Enrique, Rio Ucayali) ; eastern Ecuador (Rio Santiago) ; and eastern Colombia (native Bogota collections) b. • No authentic record exists for Trinidad, sometimes included in its range. b In addition to those listed above the following specimens were examined. Colombia: Bogotd 3. Venezuela: Altagracia Rio Orinoco i, Caura River 3. British Guiana: Bartica Grove 2. Brazil: Mexiana i , Ipitinga, Rio Acard i ; Humay- tha i, Jamarysinho, Rio Madeira i; Matto Grosso 2, Bahia 2, Rio Doce, Espirito Santo i. Peru: Iquitos i. 156 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 8: British Guiana (Georgetown i); Brazil (Sao Luiz, Maranhao i; Descalvados, Matto Grosso 2) ; Venezuela (Rio Aurare, east of Mara- caibo, Zulia i ; La Ceiba, Trujillo i ; Maracay, Aragua i) ; Peru (San Enrique, Rio Ucayali i). *Pitangus lictor panamensis Bangs and Penard*. WESTERN LICTOR FLYCATCHER. Pitangus lictor panamensis BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 78, 1918 — Loma del Leon, Panama. Pitangus lictor (not of LICHTENSTEIN) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7> P- 327. J862 — Lion Hill, Panama; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 359 — Panama (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 178, 1888 — part, spec, k, 1, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 45, 1889 — part, descr. and hab. Panama; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 21, 1900 — Loma del Leon, Panama; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 146, 1900 — Cacagualito, Santa Marta district; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 675, 1907 — part, Panama, Rio Truando, Rio Atrato, Cacagualito, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 463, 1917 — Boca de Chimi, lower Magdalena; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 266 — Gatun, Panama; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 340, 1922 — Fundaci6n, Trojas de Cataca, Don Diego, and Arroya de Are- nas, Colombia. Saurophagus lictor CASSIN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 143 — Rivers Atrato and Truando. Range: Eastern Panama (Lion Hill, Colon, Panama) and littoral of northern Colombia (from the Atrato to the Santa Marta region). 2: Panama (Colon i); Colombia (Turbo, Rio Atrato i). Genus TOLMARCHUS Ridgwayb. Tolmarchus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 209, 1905 — type Pitangus taylori SCLATER. *Tolmarchus caudif asciatus bahamensis (Bryant}. BAHAMAN PETCHARY. Pitangus bahamensis BRYANT, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 9, p. 279, 1864 — Bahama Islands; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 180, 1888 — New Provi- dence, Bahama Islands; RILEY in Shattuck, The Bahama Islands, p. 353, 1905 — Bahama Islands. * Pitangus lictor panamensis BANGS and PENARD: Similar in coloration to P. lictor lictor, but decidedly smaller. Wing (of male) 82-87 (against 89-96) ; tail 69-70 (against 73-82); bill 20 (against 22-24). Material examined. — Panama: Colon i, Lion Hill 2. Colombia: Turbo i, Santa Marta i. b According to my conception of specific units, the representatives of Tolmarchus on the various islands should be classed as subspecies, their characters being only differences of degree in size and coloration. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 157 Tolmarchus bahamensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 678, 1907 — Bahamas (monog., full bibliography); TODD and WORTHINGTON, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 7, p. 424, 1911 — New Providence and Andros; BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 67, p. 203, 1925 — Nassau (type in M. C. Z.). Range: Bahamas (Abaco, Little Abaco, New Providence, Great Bahama, and Andros Islands). 32: Abaco 6; New Providence (Nassau 7); Great Bahama 18; Andros i. *Tolmarchus caudifasciatus caudifasciatus (D'Orbigny). CUBAN PET- CHARY. Tyrannus caudifasciatus D'ORBIGNY in La Sagra, Hist. Nat. Cuba, Ois., p. 70, pi. 12, 1840 — Cuba. Pitangus caudifasciatus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 179, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, San Cristobal, Cuba. Tolmarchus caudifasciatus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 679, 1907 — Cuba and Isle of Pines (monog., full bibliography); TODD, Ann. Car- negie Mus., 10, p. 248, 1916 — Isle of Pines (crit., habits); BARBOUR, Mem. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 6, p. 99, 1923 — Cuba. Range : Cuba and Isle of Pines. 6: Cuba (San Diego de los Banos 2; eastern Cuba 3; unspecified i). *Tolmarchus caudifasciatus caymanensis (Nicott). GRAND CAYMAN PETCHARY. Pitangus caymanensis NICOLL, Ibis, (8) 4, p. 582, 1904 — Grand Cayman. Pitangus caudifasciatus (not of D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 179, 1888 — part, spec, i, Grand Cayman. Tolmarchus caymanensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 681, 1907 — Grand Cayman (monog.); BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 311, 1916 — Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, and Cayman Brae (crit.). Tolmarchus caudifasciatus caymanensis LOWE, Ibis, 1909, p. 343 — Grand Cayman; idem, I.e., 1911, p. 151 — Grand Cayman. Range: Cayman Islands, Greater Antilles (Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, Cayman Brae). 20: Cayman Islands (Grand Cayman 19, Cayman Brae i). *Tolmarchus caudifasciatus jamaicensis (Chapman). JAMAICAN PET- CHARY. Pitangus jamaicensis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 303, 1892 — Moneague, Jamaica. 1 58 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tyrannus caudifasciatus (not of D'ORBIGNY) GOSSE, Birds Jamaica, p. 177, 1847; idem, Illustr. Birds Jamaica, pi. 44, 1849 — Jamaica. Pitangus caudifasciatus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 179, 1888 — part, spec, c-h, Moneague, Jamaica. Tolmarchus jamaicensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 682, 1907 — Jamaica (monog., full bibliography). Range : Island of Jamaica. 22: Jamaica (Priestmans River 12, Port Antonio 4, Kingston 3, unspecified 3). *Tolmarchus caudifasciatus taylori (Sclater). PORTO RICAN PETCHARY. Pitangus taylori SCLATER, Ibis, 6, p. 169, 1864 — Porto Rico; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 180, 1888 — Porto Rico. x Tolmarchus taylori RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 684, 1907 — Porto Rico (monog., full bibliography); WETMORE, U. S. Dept. Agric., Bull., 326, p. 78, 1916 — Porto Rico (habits, food). Range: Island of Porto Rico, including Vieques Island. 21 : Porto Rico (Mayaquez n, unspecified 10). *Tolmarchus caudifasciatus gabbii (Lawrence}. HAITIAN PETCHARY. Pitangus gabbii LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., xx, p. 288, 1876 — Hato Viejo, Prov. Santiago, Santo Domingo; CORY, Birds Haiti and San Domingo, p. 76, pi. (22), fig. 2, 1885; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 180, 1888 — San Domingo; CHERRIE, Field Columb. Mus. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 17, 1896 — Honduras, Santo Domingo; VERRILL and VERRILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 61, p. 361, 1909 — Miranda, San Domingo. Tolmarchus gabbii RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 683, 1907 — Isl. of Haiti (monog., full bibliography); PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 61, p. 415, 1917 — Monte Cristi, Bulla, Santo Domingo; KAEMPFER, Journ. Orn., 72, p. 180, 1924 — Tubano, Prov. Azua. Range: Island of Haiti. 6: Haiti (Port au Prince 2, Le Coup i); Santo Domingo (Magua 2, Honduras i). Subfamily MYIARCHINAE. Genus MYIARCHUS Cabanis*. Myiarchus CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 272, 1844 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) M uscicapa ferox GMELIN. • In the case of the South American species the original descriptions and a few additional references only are quoted. For a complete bibliography the reader is referred to W. E. C. Todd's monographic study (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 181- 218, 1922). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 159 Onychopterus REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 65, 1850 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) Tyrannus tuberculifer LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. Kaupornis BONAPARTE, Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris, (4) Zool., i, p. 133, 1854 (nomen nudum); GRAY, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Birds, p. 146, 1855 — type Tyrannus stolidus GOSSE. Myionax CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 73, 1859 — type by subs, desig. (SCLATER 1888) Turdus crinitus LINNAEUS. Muscifur BANGS and PENARDB, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 376, 1921 — type by orig. desig. Myiarchus semirufus SCLATER and SALVIN. *Myiarchus crinitus (Linnaeus). CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Turdus crinilus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., icthed., i, p. 170, 1758 — based on Musci- capa cristata, venire luteo CATESBY, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i, p. 52, Carolina. Muscicapa virginea P. L. S. MULLER, Natursyst., Suppl., p. 168, 1776 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 569, fig. i, Virginia. Muscicapa ludoviciana GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 934, 1789 — based on "Tyran de la Louisiane" Buffon, Hist. Nat. Ois., 4, p. 583, Louisiana. Tyrannus irritabilis VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 66.., 35, p. 76, 1819 — new name for Muscicapa crinila VIEILLOT, Hist. Nat. Ois. AmeY. Sept., pi. 45, North America. Myiarchus crinitus boreus BANGS, Auk, 15, p. 179, 1898 — Scituate, Massachusetts. Myiarchus crinitus residuus HOWE, Contrib. N. Amer. Orn., i, p. 30, May 21, 1902 — Ishtopaga Lake, Florida; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 30, 1904 — Florida Peninsula (crit.). Myiarchus crinitus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 247, 1888 — eastern North America, in winter south to Panama and Colombia; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 29, 1904 (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 613, 1907 (monog., full bibliography); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — Los Amates and Gualan, Guatemala; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 695, 1910 — Bolson and Guapiles, Costa Rica; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 184, 1922 — list of South American references; TODD and CARRIKER, I.e., 14, p. 348, 1922 — Bonda and Mama- toco, Santa Marta region. Myiarchus crinitus crinitus PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Yerba Buena and Montelunga, Tamaulipas; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 219, 1922 — Jesusito, Darien. Range : Eastern North America, breeding from southern Manitoba, central Ontario, southern Quebec, and New Brunswick south to southern Texas and southern Florida, wintering from Mexico south to Panama and Colombia; accidental in Wyoming and Cuba. 59: Maine (New Vineyard i); Massachusetts (Brookline i); Con- necticut (Saybrook i, East Hartford 2); New York (Syracuse i, Peter- • The only absolute characters not shared by any other members of the genus are the peculiar color pattern and the slightly rougher scutellation of the tarsus, but they seem hardly of generic value. 160 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. boro i); New Jersey (Englewood i); Ohio (Tiffin i, Columbus i); Wis- consin (Beaver Dam 3, Lake Koshkonong i); Illinois (Desplaines River 2, New Lenox i, Lake Forest i, Fox Lake i, Chicago i, Joliet 3, Mound City i, Olive Branch i, Grand Chain 3); Missouri (Holly Springs 2, Vicksburg 3); Tennessee (Waverly i); Texas (Corpus Christi 4, Fort Worth n); Florida (New River i, Punta Rassa i, Key West 3); Mexico (Tampico, Tamaulipas i); Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel 2, Gualan i); Costa Rica (Limon i). *Myiarchus cinerascens cinerascens (Lawrence). ASH-THROATED FLY- CATCHER. Tyrannula cinerascens LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 5, " 1852," p. 121, pub. Sept. 1851 — western Texas. Tyrannula mexicana KAUP, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, p. 51, pub. Oct. 1852 — Mexico (type in Darmstadt Museum examined); OSGOOD, Auk, 24, p. 219, 1907 (crit. note on type). Myiarchus cinerascens SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 248, 1888 — part, Cali- fornia, Arizona, Texas, and through Mexico to Guatemala; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 33, 1904 (monog.); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser. i, p. 105, 1907 — El Rancho and Lake Atitlan, Guatemala. Myiarchus cinerascens cinerascens RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 625, 1907 — western United States and northern Mexico, southward in winter to Guatemala (monog.); SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 41, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 89, 1915 — California. Range : Western North America, breeding from southern Washing- ton, northern Utah, Colorado, and central Texas to northern Lower California, Sinaloa, Durango, and Tamaulipas, wintering south to Guatemala and Yucatan. 54: California (Alhambra i, Santa Cruz i, Santa Monica 2, Nicasio, Marin County 2); Arizona (Calabasas 17, Phoenix i, Santa Rita Moun- tains 2, Huachuca Mountains 10); New Mexico (Members 2); Sonora (Cerro Blanco Mines i); Chihuahua (Babicora i); Jalisco (Tuxpam 3); Guerrero (Iguala 5) ; Guatemala (El Rancho, Zacapa 3, Lake Atitlan 3). Myiarchus cinerascens pertinax Baird. LOWER CALIFORNIA FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus pertinax BAIRD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, p. 303 — Cape San Lucas, Lower California. Myiarchus cinerascens (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 248, 1888 — part, spec, d-f, Cape San Lucas and La Paz, Lower California. Myiarchus cinerascens pertinax BREWSTER, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 41, p. 117, 1902 — Cape San Lucas region (monog.); NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 161 i7» P- 36, 1904 (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 628, 1907 — southern Lower California (monog., full synonymy). Range: Southern Lower California. *Myiarchus nuttingi nuttingi Ridgway. NUTTING'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus nuttingi RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 5, p. 395, 1882 — La Palma de Nicoya, Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 250, 1888 — part, Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 92, 1889 — part, La Palma de Nicoya; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 37, 1904 — Costa Rica to Chiapas (monog.); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 106, 1907 — El Rancho and San Jose", Guatemala. Myiarchus nuttingi nuttingi RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 629, 1907 — Mexico (in states of Oaxaca and Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, and western Costa Rica (monog., full bibliography); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Barranca, Costa Rica; idem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 22, p. 34, 1909 — Costa Rica (crit.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 695, 1910 — Costa Rica. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Oaxaca and Chiapas) south through Guatemala and Honduras to western Costa Rica (shores of the Gulf of Nicoya and lower Temisque Valley). 5: Guatemala (El Rancho, Zacapa 3, San Jose", Esquintla 2). *Myiarchus nuttingi inquietus Salvin and Godman. GUERRERO FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus inquietus SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ., Aves, 2, p. 88, 1889 — Acahuizotla, Guerrero. Myiarchus nuttingi inquietus NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 38, 1904 (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 631, 1907 — Mexico (monog., full bibliography). Range : Western, central, and southern Mexico in states of Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Durango, Guanajuato, Zacatecas, Michoa- can, Morelos, Puebla, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Tepic. i: Jalisco (Tuxpam i). *Myiarchus brachyurus Ridgway*. OMETEPE FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus brachyurus RIDGWAY, Man. N. Amer. Birds, p. 334, 1887 — Ometepe, Nicaragua; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 40, 1904 (monog.); BANGS, I.e., 22, p. 34, 1909 — Costa Rica (crit.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 694, 1910 — northwestern Costa Rica (crit.). * Judging from the few specimens examined, I am inclined to follow Messrs. Nelson and Bangs in considering this bird as specifically different from M. nuttingi which occupies practically the same range. 162 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiarchus nultingi brachyurus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 630, 1907 — southern Mexico, Nicaragua, and western Costa Rica (monog., full bibliography). Range: Southern Mexico (Tonala, State of Chiapas); Nicaragua (Ometepe, San Juan del Sur); western Costa Rica (Orosi, Miravelles, San Lucas, Mojica Pacifica, Bahia de Salinas, Coralillo, Bolson, Cerro de Santa Maria, Tenorio). i: Costa Rica (Orosi i). *Myiarchus tyrannulus magister Ridgivay*. ARIZONA CRESTED FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus mexicanus magister RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 2, p. 90, 1884 — Camp Lowell, Arizona; NELSON, I.e., 17, p. 33, 1904 (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 623, 1907 — southern Arizona and Mexico (monog., full bibliography). Myiarchus mexicanus (not Tyrannula mexicana KAUP) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 250, 1888 — part, spec, e, f, Tres Marias. Myiarchus magister SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 89, 1886 — part, Sonora, Sinaloa, and Tres Marias Islands. Myiarchus magister magister SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 44, 1914 — Arizona. Range: Southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico, south- ward through western Mexico (in states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Morelos, Michoacan, Guerrero, Oaxaca, and Chiapas) to the Territory of Tepic, including Tres Marias Islands. 10: Arizona (Calabasas 7, Fullers i, Camp Lowell i, Tuscon i). *Myiarchus tyrannulus nelson! Ridgway. MEXICAN CRESTED FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus magister nelsoni RiDGWAYb, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 903, 1907 — Alta Mira, Tamaulipas; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Yerba Buena, Portrero, Matamoros, and Carricitos, Tamaulipas; PETERS, I.e., 30, p. 376, 1913 — Xcopen and Camp Mengel, Terre Quintana Roo. Myiarchus mexicanus (not Tyrannula mexicana KAUP) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 250, 1888 — part, Merida, Yucatan, Cozumel Island, Ruatan and San Pedro (Honduras), Atlisco (Puebla) and (?) Oaxaca; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 31, 1904 (monog.); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 106, 1907 — Los Amates, Guatemala. • M. magister and its eastern ally M. m. nelsoni, although widely separated geographically, are clearly conspecific with M. tyrannulus. b Tyrannula cooperi KAUP (P. Z. S. Lond., 19, p. 51, Oct. 1852 — "North America and Chile") sometimes referred here, is merely a misapplication of Muscicapa cooperi Nuttall ( = Nuttattornis mesoleucus). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 163 Myiarchus mexicanus mexicanus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 621, 1907 — Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas and through eastern Mexico to British Honduras, Honduras, and Salvador (monog., full bibliography). Myiarchus magister (not of RIDGWAY) SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 89, 1889 — part, Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz, Teapa, Chiapas, Yucatan, British Honduras, Honduras, Guatemala; SALVIN, Ibis, 1889, p. 361 — Cozu- mel and Ruatan Islands (crit.). Range: Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, south through eastern Mexico (states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, Coahuila, San Luis Potosi, Vera Cruz, Puebla, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo) to British Honduras, Guatemala, Honduras, and Salvador. 10 : Texas (Lomita Ranch i); Tamaulipas (Matamoros i, Yerba Buena i) ; San Luis Potosi (Valles 2) ; Yucatan (Rio Lagatos 2) ; Brit- ish Honduras (Ruatan Island 2); Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel i). *Myiarchus tyrannulus brevipennis Hartert*. CURACAO CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus brevipennis HARTERT, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 3, p. XII, 1892 — Aruba, Curacao, and Bonaire, Dutch West Indies; idem, Ibis, 1893, p. 298 — Aruba (crit.); p. 318 — Savonet, Curasao; p. 328 — Bonaire; idem, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 300, 1902 — Aruba, Curacao, Bonaire. Myiarchus tyrannulus (not of MCLLER) LOWE, Ibis, 1907, p. 118 — Blanquilla Island (see idem, I.e., 1911, p. 318). Myiarchus tyrannulus brevipennis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 26, in text, 1906 (crit.); CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 200, 1909 — Aruba; p. 207 — Curagao; p. 212 — Bonaire; p. 216 — Los Roques; p. 225 — Blanquilla (ex LOWE). Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 185, 1922 — part, Dutch West Indies. Range: Dutch West Indies (Islands of Aruba, Curacao, and Bon- aire) and Los Roques and Blanquilla Islands, off northern coast of Venezuela. 7: Aruba 2; Curacao 2; Bonaire 2; Los Roques i. *Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus (Mutter). GUIANAN CRESTED FLY- CATCHER. Muscicapa tyrannulus P. L. S. MILLER, Natursyst., Suppl., p. 169, 1776 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 571, fig. i, Cayenne. • Myiarchus tyrannulus brevipennis HAREERT: Very close to M. t. tyrannulus, but coloration slightly paler, particularly on the abdomen; tarsus proportionately longer; bill much more slender. Sixteen specimens from Aruba, Curacao, Bonaire, and Los Roques examined. 164 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscicapa aurora BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 34, 1783 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 571, fig. i, Cayenne. Myiarchus erythrocercus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628, 631 — Caracas, Venezuela. Myiarchus tyrannulus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, q-t, Santa Marta, Caracas, Trinidad, Cayenne. Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868— part, Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined). Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus TODD, Proc. Biol., Soc. Wash., 35, p. 185, 1922 — part, references and localities in Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, and Guiana; idem and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 347, 1922 — Bonda, Cautilito, Mamatoco, Rio Hacha, Fundaci6n, La Tigrera, and San Francisco, Santa Marta region. Range : Island of Trinidad (rare) ; Venezuela, including Margarita and Testigos Islands, south to the Orinoco Valley; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; adjacent section of northern Brazil (upper Rio Branco) ; northern Colombia (Santa Marta region, west to the mouth of theMag- dalena River). 39: Venezuela (Margarita Island 15; Los Testigos 5; Cumand, Bermudez i ; Macuto, Caracas i ; Maracay , Aragua 9 ; Puerto Cabello, Carabobo i; Rio Aurare, Zulia 4); British Guiana (unspecified i); Brazil (Serra Grande, Rio Branco 2). ^Myiarchus tyrannulus chlorepiscius Berlepsch and Leverkuhn*. MATTO GROSSO FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus tyrannulus chlorepiscius BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 16, 1890 — Cuyaba, Matto Grosso (type) and San Miguel, Guarayos, Bolivia (spec, examined); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 203, 1909 — Oran (Salta), Tucuman, and Mocovi (Chaco); BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Bellavista, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 98, 1921 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru; GIACOMELLI, El Hornero, 3, p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 18, 1925 — Corrientes. Tyrannus crinitus (not of LINNAEUS) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 43, 1837 — Corrientes (spec, examined). Myiarchus ferox (not of GMELIN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — part, Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso (spec, examined). Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) SCLATER and HUD- SON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 156, 1888 — Catamarca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., • Myiarchus tyrannulus chlorepiscius BERLEPSCH nnd LEVERKUHN: Very similar to M. t. tyrannulus, but with larger bill; upper parts on average paler, more olive gray; rufous area of tail feathers as a rule more extensive. This is rather an unsatisfactory race, but I am unwilling to unite it with M. t. tyrannulus, in view of its range being widely separated from that of the Guianan Crested Flycatcher. Forty specimens examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 165 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, n-w, a', b', Sarayacu and Maranura (Peru), Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso, Bolivia, Catamarca; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 342, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 290, 1895 — Catamarca; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 7, 1900 — Uruciim, Matto Grosso; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 348, 1910 (range in Argentina); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 122 — Puerto Asir (Paraguay), Pan de Azucar (Matto Grosso), and Colonia Mihanovitch (Terr. Formosa). Myiarchus erythrocercus (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1868) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 16 — Maranura, Peru; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. n, 1895 — Puerto Francia, Paraguay; idem, l.c., 12, No. 292, p. 16, 1897 — Caiza (Bolivia) and San Lorenzo (Jujuy). Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 185, 1922 — part, references and localities in Peru, Bolivia, Matto Grosso, Paraguay, and Argentina; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., I33,p. 335, 1926 — west ofPuerto Pinasco, Paraguay. Myiarchus mexicanus Morepiscius BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 89, 1906 — Santa Ana, Peru (crit.). Range: Northern Argentina south to La Rioja, Catamarca, Cor- doba, Santa Fe", and Corrientes; Paraguay; State of Matto Grosso, Brazil; eastern Bolivia; eastern Peru (Urubamba Valley; Sarayacu, Ucayali; upper Maranon). 24 : Argentina, Prov. Tucuman ( Concepcion 1 1 , Tucuman i ) ; Brazil, Matto Grosso (Urucum de Corumba 8, Piraputanga 2, Descal- vados i, Gahiba-mirin i). *Myiarchus tyrannulus bahiae Berlepsch and Leverkuhn*. BAHIA CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus bahiae BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 17, in text, 1890 — Bahia (type) and Goyaz. Muscicapa ferox (not of GMELIN) WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 855, 1831 — part, "male," Rio de Janeiro, Cabo Frio, and Campos dos Goaytacazes, Prov. Rio. Myiarchus ferox PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — part, Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema, Cimeterio, Goyaz, and Rio Muria (spec, in Vienna Museum ex- amined). Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MILLER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, x-z, Bahia; IHERING, Cat. Faun. • Myiarchus tyrannulus bahiae BERLEPSCH and LEVERKOHN: Similar to M. t. tyrannulus, but rufous border to inner web of rectrices more restricted, not sharply denned from the dusky area, and frequently wanting on the two outer feathers of each side. Material examined. — Rio Muria, Para i; Santarem 5; Obidos 4; Maranhao 5; Piauhy 2; Bahia 2, Lamarao i, Sao Amaro i; Goyaz (City) 5; Leopoldina, Rio Araguaya 2 ; Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i ; Rio de Janeiro i ; Ypanema 5, Cimeterio do Lambari, Sao Paulo i. 166 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Braz., i, p. 293, 1907 — Campinas, Pirassununga, Franca, Rincao, Ita.ra.r6, Avanhandava, Bebedouro, Itapura, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 388, 1914 — Monte Alegre. Myiarchus tyrannulus bahiae IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 294, 1907 — Bahia; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 53, 1908 — Goyaz and Rio Araguaya, Goyaz (crit.); REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 76, 1910 — Solidade, near Carnahyba (Bahia) and Serra near Parnagua (Piauhy) ; HELL- MAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 90, 1912 — Rio Muria, near Para; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, p. 442, 1914 — Joazeiro (eggs descr.); LIMA, I.e., 12, (2), p. 100, 1920 — Bahia; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35» P- I9I» J922 — Brazil, from the lower Amazon to Sao Paulo (monog.). Range: Brazil, from the lower Amazon Valley (Obidos; Serra de Erere", near Monte Alegre; Rio Tapaj6z; Rio Tocantins; Rio Murid, east of Para) south through Maranhao, Piauhy, Bahia, and Goyaz to Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. 9: Brazil, Maranhao (Sao Luiz 2, Tury-assu i, Cururupu i) ; Piauhy (Ardra i); Minas Geraes (Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa i); Bahia (Sao Amaro i); Sao Paulo (Bauni 2). *Myiarchus tyrannulus pallescens Cory*. CEARA FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus tyrannulus pallescens CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., x, p. 343, 1916 — Jua,, Ceara; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 192, 1922 — Ceara (crit.). Range: Northeastern Brazil (State of Ceara). 2: Ceara (Jud, near Iguatu 2). *Myiarchus tyrannulus tobagensis Hellmayr and Seilern*. TOBAGO FLYCATCHER. a Myiarchus tyrannulus pallescens CORY: Nearest to M. t. chlorepiscius, but even paler above (near citrine drab); throat and chfest paler, more whitish gray (pallid neutral gray). From its geographical neighbour M. t. bahiae, it may be distinguished by lighter, more greenish upper parts, paler throat and chest, and by having the rufous of the tail more extensive as well as better defined. Material examined. — Ceara: Jua, near Iguatii 2. b Myiarchus tyrannulus tobagensis HELLMAYR and SEILERN combines the deeply colored upper parts and pale yellow abdomen of M. t. nugator, with the slender bill and the pattern of the outer rectrices of M. t. tyrannulus. It, thus, differs from the former by much smaller bill and much wider dusky stripe along the shaft on the outer web of the outermost rectrix, and from the latter by much darker, deep olive instead of light grayish olive back, with the pileum hardly darker and devoid of rufescent suffusion, and much paler yellow abdomen. The markings on the larger upper wing coverts are dull buffy grayish as in its allies. Wing (female) 91-94; tail 87-89; bill 19/^-20. Although not recognized by Todd, this is a well marked form, connecting the continental M. t. tyrannulus with the Antillean representatives (M. oberi group). In worn plumage, when the color characters almost entirely disappear, Tobago specimens can hardly be told from M. t. tyrannulus. Material examined. — Tobago: Man of War Bay i, Richmond i, Lecito i, Castare 2, Mondland i, unspecified 9. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 167 Myiarchus tyrannulus tobagensis HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 89, 1914 — Tobago. Tyrannus crinitus (not Turdus crinitus LINNAEUS) JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 330, 1847 — Tobago (part, "male" only). Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, p, Tobago; CORY, Auk, 10, p. 220, 1893 — Tobago; DALMAS, M6m. Soc. Zool. France, 13, p. 139, 1900 — Tobago. Myiarchus oberi nugator (not of RILEY) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 619, 1907 — part, Tobago (crit.). Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 185, 1922 — part, Tobago. Range : Island of Tobago. 9 : Tobago. *Myiarchus tyrannulus nugator Riley*, GRENADA FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus oberi nugator RILEY, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 47, p. 275, 1904 — Grenada; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 619, 1907 — part, southern , Lesser Antilles (monog., full bibliography). Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, b-e, h-j, Grenada and St. Vincent. Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 276, 1905 — part, St. Vincent, Grenadines, Grenada (crit., habits, nest and eggs). Myiarchus oberi (not of LAWRENCE) CORY, Ibis, 1886, p. 473 — St. Vincent; idem, Birds W. Ind., p. 126, 1889 — part, St. Vincent and Grenada. Range: Southern Lesser Antilles (St. Vincent, Bequia, Mustique, Mayreau, Union, the Tobago Keys, Prune Island, Carriacou, and Grenada). 1 1 : St. Vincent 6; Grenada 5. *Myiarchus tyrannulus oberi Lawrence*. OBER'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus oberi LAWRENCE, Ann. New York Ac. Sci., i, p. 48, 1877 — Dominica; idem, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., I, p. 59, 1878 — Dominica; idem, I.e., 8, p. 622, 1885 — Guadeloupe; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 126, 1889 — part, Dominica; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 570 — Dominica. * Myiarchus tyrannulus nugator RILEY: Nearest to M. t. tobagensis, but with much larger, stronger bill; dusky portion on inner web of lateral rectrices reduced to a nar- row stripe along the shaft, not more than half the width of the outer vane; foreneck less shaded with grayish. Material examined. — St. Vincent 7, Grenada 8. b Myiarchus tyrannulus oberi LAWRENCE: Similar to M. t. nugator, but lower mandible blacker; pileum darker, more sooty; backless olivaceous; edges to wing- coverts narrower and decidedly rusty (never whitish), those of upper tail coverts more conspicuous as well as brighter cinnamon rufous. Wing (male) 98-102, (female) 94-97; tail 92-94, (female) 86-92; bill 21-24. Material examined. — Dominica 10, Guadeloupe 3. i68 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, k- m, Dominica; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1889, p. 326 — Dominica. Myiarchus tyrannulus oberi VERRILL, Trans. Conn. Ac. Sci., 8, p. 336, 1892 — Dominica (habits). Myiarchus oberi oberi RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 617, 1907 — part, Dominica (monog.); NOBLE, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 382, 1916 — Saint Roses, Guadeloupe. Range: Islands of Dominica and Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles. 6 : Dominica. *Myiarchus tyrannulus sanctae-luciae Hellmayr and Seilern*. SANTA LUCIA FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus tyrannulus sanctae-luciae HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Verb. Orn. Ges. Bay, 12, p. 201, 1915 — Santa Lucia. Myiarchus erythrocercus (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 271 — Santa Lucia; SEMPER, I.e., 1872, p. 650 — Santa Lucia (habits). Myiarchus oberi (not of LAWRENCE) ALLEN, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 5, p. 166, 1880 — Santa Lucia; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 126, 1889 — part, Santa Lucia. Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, n, o, Santa Lucia; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1889, p. 395 — Santa Lucia. Myiarchus oberi oberi RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 617, 1907 — part, Santa Lucia. Range : Island of Santa Lucia, Lesser Antilles. 3 : Santa Lucia. *Myiarchus tyrannulus berlepschii Coryb. BERLEPSCH'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus berlepschii CORY, Auk, 5, p. 266, 1888 — St. Kitts; idem, 8, p. 48, 1891 — St. Kitts; idem, Birds W. Ind., p. 293, 1889— St. Kitts; RILEY, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 47, p. 287, 1904 — Barbuda (crit.). Myiarchus oberi (not of LAWRENCE 1877) LAWRENCE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., J» P- 239. 1878 — Barbuda. Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 251, 1888 — part, spec, g, Nevis. • Myiarchus tyrannulus sanctae-luciae HELLMAYR and SEILERN: Similar to M. t. oberi, but considerably larger; pileum lighter (deep grayish brown instead of sooty) and edges to upper tail coverts less distinct. Wing (male) 105-109, (female) 100-103; tail 98-100, (female) 91-96; bill 24-25. Material examined. — Santa Lucia 1 1 . b Myiarchus tyrannulus berlepschii CORY: In coloration similar to M. t. oberi, but decidedly smaller, with shorter, weaker bill. Wing 91-94, (female) 89-92; tail 84-90; bill 20-2 1 . I do not see any difference between specimens from St. Kitts and Barbuda. Material examined. — St. Kitts 7, Barbuda 6. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 169 Myiarchus oberi berlepschii RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 620, 1907 — St. Christopher ( = St. Kitts) and Barbuda (monog.). Range: Islands of St. Kitts, Nevis, and Barbuda. 7: St. Kitts. Myiarchus sclateri Lawrence*. SCLATER'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus sclateri LAWRENCE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 357, 1879 — Mar- tinique; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 127, 1889 — Martinique; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 639, 1907 — Martinique (monog.). Range : Island of Martinique, Lesser Antilles. Myiarchus yucatanensis Lawrence*. YUCATAN FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus mexicanus (not Tyrannula mexicana KAUP) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 202, 1869 — MeYida, Yucatan. Myiarchus yucatanensis LAWRENCE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 22, p. 235, 1871 — Me>ida, Yucatan; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 260, 1888 — Yucatan and Cozumel Island; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Americ., Aves, 2, p. 93, 1889 — Yucatan; SALVIN, Ibis, 1889, p. 362 — Cozumel Island (crit.); NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 41, 1904 (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 632, 1907 — Yucatan (monog., full bibliography). Range: Yucatan, including Cozumel Island. *Myiarchus stolidus antillarum (Bryant). PORTO Rico FLYCATCHER. Tyrannus antillarum BRYANT, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 10, p. 249, 1866 — Porto Rico (type in Mus. Comp. Zool. Cambridge). Myiarchus antillarum SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 262, 1888 — Porto Rico; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 125, 1889 — Porto Rico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 638, 1888 — Porto Rico and Vieques (monog., full bibli- ography); WETMORE, U. S. Dept. Agric., Bull., 326, p. 81, 1916 — Porto Rico and Vieques (habits, food); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 67, p. 204, 1925 — Porto Rico (note on type). Range: Island of Porto Rico (including Vieques), Greater Antilles. 12: Porto Rico (Mayaguez 6, unspecified 6). *Myiarchus stolidus dominicensis (Bryant). SANTO DOMINGO FLY- CATCHER. Tyrannula stolida (Var., dominicensis} BRYANT, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 11, "1866," p. 90, May 1867 — Santo Domingo. • This species of which the type is still unique we have not seen. Judging from published descriptions, it appears to be nearly related to M . t. oberi but to differ by its smaller size, pattern of rectrices, lack of rusty edges to outer web of remiges, and ashy sides of the body. b This species with which we are not acquainted is stated by Sclater and Nelson to be nearly related to the M. stolidus group of the West Indies. 170 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiarchus ruficaudatus CORY, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 95, 1883 — Santo Do- mingo. Myiarchus dominicensis CORY, Birds Haiti and San Domingo, p. 79, pi. [22], fig. 3, 1885 — Santo Domingo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 260, 1888— Samana, Santo Domingo; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 127, 1889 — Haiti and San Domingo; CHERRIE, Field Columb. Mus. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 18, 1896 — Santo Domingo; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 634, 1907 — Haiti (monog., full bibliography); VERRILL and VERRILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., Phila., 61, p. 361, 1909 — Santo Domingo; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 61, p. 415, 1917 — Monte Christi, Sostia, and Choco, San Domingo. Range : Island of Haiti, Greater Antilles. 73 : Haiti (Port au Prince i , Le Coup 4, Jacmel, Haiti i ; San Do- mingo City 12, Aguacate 3, La Vega 5, Almercen 3, Magua i, Samand i, Catare 6, San Cristobal 3, Honduras 16, Maniel 13, Puerto Plata 4). *Myiarchus stolidus stolidus (Gosse). STOLID FLYCATCHER. Myiobius stolidus GOSSE, Birds Jam., p. 168, 1847 — Jamaica; idem, Illust. Birds Jam., pi. 42, 1849. Myiarchus stolidus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 260, 1888 — Jamaica; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 124, 1889 — Jamaica; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 633, 1907 — Jamaica (monog., full bibliography). Range : Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles. 4: Jamaica (Kingston i, Priestmans River i, unspecified 2). *Myiarchus stolidus sagrae (Gundlach). LA SACRA'S FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa sagrae GUNDLACH, Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 313, 1852 — Cuba (egg descr.). Myiarchus sagrae SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 261, 1888 — part, subsp. typica, Cuba; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 125, 1889 — part, Cuba; LOWE, Ibis, I9°9i P- 343 — Grand Cayman; idem, I.e., 1911, p. 142 — Cuba and Grand Cayman. Myiarchus denigratus CORY, Auk, 3, p. 500, 1886 — Grand Cayman; idem, Birds W. Ind., p. 293, 1889 — Grand Cayman; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 635, 1907 — Grand Cayman (ex CORY). Myiarchus sagrae sagrae RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 636, 1907 — Cuba, Isle of Pines, and Grand Cayman (monog., full bibliography); TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 10, p. 249, 1916 — Los Indios, Majagua River, Cayo Frances, and Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines; BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 312, 1916 — Grand Cayman (crit.); BARBOUR, Mem. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 6, p. 99, 1923 — Cuba. Range: Islands of Cuba (including Isle of Pines) and Grand Cay- man, Greater Antilles. 18: Cuba (near Palacios i, unspecified 2); Grand Cayman 15. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 171 *Myiarchus stolidus lucaysiensis (Bryant). BAHAMA CRESTED FLY- CATCHER. Tyrannula stolida (var. lucaysiensis) BRYANT, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., n, "1866," p. 66, April 1867 — Bahamas. Myiarchus sagrae SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 261, 1888 — part, subsp. lucaysiensis, Bahamas; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 125, 1889 — part, Bahamas. Myiarchus sagrae lucaysiensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 637, 1907 — Bahama Islands (monog., full bibliography); TODD and WORTHING- TON, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 7, p. 424, 1911 — New Providence, Great Inagua, Andros, and Abaco Islands (crit.); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 67, p. 204, 1925 — Bahamas (note on type). Range: Bahama Islands (Great Bahama, New Providence, Abaco, Little Abaco, Andros, Inagua, Green Cay, Berry Islands, Eleuthera, Crooked Island, and Acklin Island). 52: Great Bahama 15; Abaco 7; Berry i; Andros 4; New Provi- dence (Nassau) 6; Eleuthera i; Inagua 18. *Myiarchus pelzelni pelzelni Berlepsch*. PELZELN'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus pelzelni BERLEPSCH, Ibis, (4) i, p. 139, April 1883 — Bahia (type in Berlepsch Collection examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 255, 1888 — Bahia and Oyapock, French Guiana (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 17, 1890 — Pontinho (west of Jatuba, Matto Grosso) and Bahia (crit.; spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, I.e., 13, p. 89, 1906 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru (spec, examined) ; NICOLL, Ibis, 1906, p. 668 — Island of Itaparica, Bahia (spec, examined); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 294, 1907 — Bahia; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 128, 1908 — Oyapock, Guiana (ex SCLATER); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. no, 120, 1912 — Fazenda Nazareth, Mex- iana (crit.); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 389, 1914 — Rio Tapaj6z (Boim), Maraj6 (Sao Natal), and Mexiana; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35> P- *93» !922 — part, Colombian, Peruvian, and Brazilian localities and references only; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 165, 1925 — Fazenda da Serra, Rio Grande, Bahia, and coast of Piauhy. Myiarchus ferox cantans (not of PELZELN) REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 76, 1910 — part, No. 426, Fazenda da Serra, Rio Grande, Bahia, and No. 1319, coast district of Piauhy (spec, examined). a Myiarchus pelzelni BERLEPSCH is now universally admitted to be a perfectly distinct species, and its characters having been clearly denned by Berlepsch, Todd and myself need not be insisted upon. Birds from Santa Ana (Peru) and Florencia (Colombia) agree, in size and colora- tion, with others from Brazil. . Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia (including the type) 7; Fazenda da Serra, Rio Grande, Bahia i, Island Itaparica, Bahia i; Jua, Ceard i; Sao Bento, Maranhao i, Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao i ; coast district of Piauhy i ; Fazenda Nazareth, Mexiana i ; Matto Grosso, Pontinho i, Urucum, near Corumbd i, Tapirapoan i. Peru: Santa Ana 2. Colombia: Florencia, Rio Caquetd i. French Guiana: Oyapock i. 172 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiarchus fortirostris (not of TODD) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 475, 1917 — Florencia, Rio Caqueta, Colombia (spec, examined). Myiarchus cephalotes (not of TACZANOWSKI) CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 98, 1921 — part, Chauillay, Urubamba, Peru. Myiarchus pelzelni pelzelni HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 19, 1925 (crit., range, measurements). Range : Campo districts of Brazil, in states of Matto Grosso, Bahia, Ceara, Piauhy, Maranhao, and Para (lower Tapaj6z; Marajo; Mexi- ana), west to the Rio Purus (Cachoeira); eastern Peru (Urubamba Valley); southeastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta); French Guiana (Oya- pock). 3: Brazil Qua, near Iguatti, Ceara i; Sao Bento, Maranhao i, Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao i). *Myiarchus pelzelni ferocior Cabanis*. CABANIS'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus ferocior CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 31, p. 214, later than April 1883 — San Xavier, Tucuman (type in Berlin Museum examined). Myiarchus (?) fortirostris TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 171, 1913 — Prov. del Sara, Bolivia (type in Carnegie Museum examined). Tyrannus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 43, 1837 — part, Chiquitos, Bolivia; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 306, 1839 — part, descr. of "fe- male," Chiquitos, Santa Cruz (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Myiarchus tyrannulus (not Muscicapa tyrannulus MULLER) BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 202, 1883 — Concepcion del Uruguay, Entrerios (spec, in Mus. Comp. Zool. examined). Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 156, 1888 — Argentina; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — Tapia, Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 348, 1910 — Argentina, part. Myiarchus ferox ferocior HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 203, 1909 — Tucuman, Barracas al Sud, and Ocampo; TREMOLERAS, El Hornero, 2, p. 21, 1921 — Paysandu and Cerro Largo, Uruguay. Myiarchus pelzelni (not of BERLEPSCH) TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 193, 1922 — part, references and localities in Bolivia and Argentina only; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 649, 1924 — Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 336, 1926 — Victories, Pampa. s Myiarchus pelzelni ferocior CABANIS: Similar in coloration to M. p. pelzelni, but decidedly larger. Wing (male) 93-98 (against 87-92), (female) 90-96 (against 81- 89). Material examined. — Argentina, Santa Fe": Mocovi i, Ocampo 3, San Jos 6 2; Barracas al Sud, Buenos Aires i ; Concepcion del Uruguay, Entrerios 2 ; Tapia, Tucu>- man 2, San Xavier, Tucuman (the type) i ; Miraflores, Dept. Oran, Salta i ; Toro Muerto, Salta i. Bolivia: Chiquitos i, Buenavista 4, RioSurutu, Dept. Santa Cruz i. IQ27- BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 173 Myiarchus pelzelni ferocior SERIE and SMYTH, El Hornero, 3, p. 51, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 18, 20, 1925 — Chiquitos (char., range, measurements). Range: Northern Argentina, south to Buenos Aires, Pampa, and La Rioja; Uruguay; eastern Bolivia (Dept. Santa Cruz de la Sierra). 7 : Argentina (Toro Muerto, Salta i ; Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe* 2) ; Bolivia (Buenavista 4). *Myiarchus swainsoni Cabanis and Heine*. SORDID FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus swainsoni CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 72, 1859 — Brazil (types in Heine Collection examined). Myiarchus cantans PELZELN Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 182, 1868 — descr., and hab. part, Ypanema (Sao Paulo) and Curytiba (Parand), Brazil (spec, in Vienna Museum examined)1*; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 137, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined). Myiarchus sordidus TODD Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29, p. 96, 1916 — El Trompillo, Carabobo, Venezuela (type in Carnegie Museum examined); idem, I.e., 35, p. 195, 1922 — Venezuela to southern Brazil (monog.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 336, 1926 — San Vicente, Uruguay. Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — part, Curytiba and Marabitanas (spec, examined); IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 127, 1899 — Mundo Novo. • Myiarchus swainsoni CABANIS and HEINE: Similar in shape of bill and propor- tions to M. pelzelni, but upper parts very much darker (dark olive instead of pale citrine drab) ; pileum sooty instead of brownish olive; throat and chest much deeper, neutral gray rather than pallid neutral gray; abdomen and under tail-coverts paler, primrose rather than sulphur yellow, tinged with olivaceous anteriorly and laterally; superficially also resembling M. ferox, particularly on the upper parts, but easily distinguished by much paler lower surface, different wing formula, much slenderer, less blackish bill, and proportionately much shorter tail. Wing of males (Misiones) 91, (southern Brazil) 92-96, (Rio Negro) 93, (Rio Branco) 85-90; tail (Misiones) 83, (southern Brazil) 85-89, (Rio Negro) 86, (Rio Branco) 80-85; bill 18-20. On recent inspection, the types of M. swainsoni — both adult males — turned out to belong to the species lately described by W. E. C. Todd as M. sordidus (wing 93, 95; tail 84, 87^; bill 18, 20), and careful reexamination of the material in the Vienna Museum, furthermore, revealed the identity of M. cantans PELZELN with the same form. All of the original specimens — except two immature females from Rio de Janeiro and Sapitiba which belong to M. ferox australis — prove to be referable to the short-tailed, slender-billed species whose proper discrimination is due to Mr. Todd's painstaking researches. Birds from Venezuela and the Rio Branco (M. sordidus) are somewhat smaller, but an adult male from the Rio Negro fully reaches the dimensions of specimens from southern Brazil. Material examined. — Venezuela: El Trompillo, Carabobo 2; Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco i. Brazil: unspecified (the types) 2; Rio Branco 4; Marabitanas, Rio Negro i ; Faz. Nazareth, Mexiana i ; Ypanema, Sao Paulo 4, Piassaguera, Sao Paulo i; Curytiba, Parand 2; Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul i, Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul 5. Argentina : Misiones 6. b We designate Vienna Museum, No. 18412. Adult male, Curytiba, Parana, November 6, 1820, J. Natterer, as lectotype. It is the specimen from which the colora- tion of the soft parts (as given on p. 182) was taken. 174 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiarchus ferox ferox HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 109, 1912 — Fazenda Nazareth, Mexiana, part, No. 1836 (spec, reexamined). Myiarchus ferox venezuelensis (not of LAWRENCE) CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 244, 1916 — part, Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar (spec, examined). Range: Venezuela (El Trompillo, Carabobo; Agua Salada de Ciu- dad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco); British Guiana (Annai); Brazil, from the Rio Negro and the lower Amazon (Mexiana; Benevides, Para; Santarem) south to Sao Paulo (Ypanema, Piassaguera) , Parana (Curytiba), and Rio Grande do Sul (Santa Maria, Taquara do Mundo Novo) ; Uruguay (San Vicente); northeastern Argentina (Misiones). 10 : Brazil (Boavista, Rio Branco 2, Serra da Lua, near Boavista 2) ; Argentina, Misiones (Eldorado 3, Iguazu i, Rio Paranay 2). Myiarchus phaeonotus Salvin and Godman*. WHITELY'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus phaeonotus SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (4) i, p. 207, 1883 — Merume' Mountains, Brit. Guiana; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 298— Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 255, 1888 — Roraima, Merum6 Mountains; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 229, 1921 — Roraima, MerumS and Upper Takutu Mountains; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 197, 1922 (monog.). Range: Mountains of British Guiana (Roraima, Merume and Up- per Takutu Mountains). ^Myiarchus phaeocephalus Sdaterb. ASHY-FRONTED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus phaeocephalus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 281, 1860 — Babahoyo, Ecuador; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 236, 1869— Puna Island; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, P- 326— Lechugal, Prov. Tumbez, Peru; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 323, 1884— Lechugal and Tumbez, Peru; BER- LEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 559— Guayaquil; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 93— Yaguachi; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 255, 1888— Babahoyo, Santa Rita, and Balzar; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 13, 1899 — Vinces and Balzar, Ecuador; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 208, 1922 — western Ecuador and northwestern Peru (monog.). Myiarchus ferox phaeocephalus OBERHOLSER, Proc. Indiana Ac. Sci., 1918, p. 306 — Ecuador and Peru (crit.); BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Bella- vista and Perico, Peru (spec, examined). • This is perhaps merely a local race of M. swainsoni, but the only available specimen not being in very good condition does not admit of final conclusion. There can be no doubt, however, as to its being quite distinct from M . ferox. b Myiarchus phaeocepJialus SCLATER is obviously nearly allied to, and perhaps only subspecifically distinct from M. f. ferox, since birds from the upper Maranon (Bel- lavista and Perico), by more brownish cap and less ashy suffusion on the forehead, exhibit a certain tendency towards the characters of this form, Material examined.— Ecuador: Esmeraldas i, Vinces 7, Yaguachi i, Milagro i. Peru: Bellavista 2, Perico 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 175 Range: Tropical Zone of western Ecuador (north to Esmeraldas) and northwestern Peru (in depts. Tumbez and Piura). i: Ecuador (Milagro i). Myiarchus toddi Chapman*. TODD'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus toddi CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 67, p. 10, 1923 — Palambla, Dept. Piura, Peril. Range: Subtropical Zone of northwestern Peru (Palambla, Dept. Piura). Myiarchus ferox actiosus Ridgwayb. PIGRES FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus ferox actiosus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 116, 1906 — Pigres, Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 642, 1907 — Pacific coast of Costa Rica (monog.) ; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 694, 1910 — Costa Rica; OBERHOLSER Proc. Indiana Ac. Sci., 1918, p. 306 (range, crit.). Range: Pacific coast of Costa Rica (Pigres, San Lucas, Punta Arenas). *Myiarchus ferox panamensis Lawrence0. PANAMA FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus panamensis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y.f 7, p. 284, May 1860 — Panama. Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 253, 1888 — part, spec, a-n, Calovevora (Veragua), Panama, Paraiso Station, Santa Marta, Santa Elena, Bogota. Myiarchus ferox panamensis NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 29, 1904 — • Panama and Colombia (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 640, 1907 — Panama and Colombia (monog., full bibliography); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 475 — Tumaco, Bagado, Malena, Puerto Berrio, Chicoral, and Turbaco, Colombia; OBERHOLSER, Proc. Indiana Ac. Sci., 1918, p. 306 (range; crit.); TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 204, • Myiarchus toddi CHAPMAN: "Most nearly related to M. phaeocephalus, but back uniform gray; under parts (except breast) white, tinged with sulphur yellow. Wing (male) 95; tail 91; bill 20^". (Chapman, I.e.). This species based on a single specimen which we have not seen requires further investigation. Its supposed range would seem to be enclosed west and east by that of M. phaeocephalus. Could not the type be an individual variant devoid of lipo- chrom tints? b We are not acquainted with this form. 0 Myiarchus ferox panamensis LAWRENCE: Nearest to M. ferox subsp., from the Orinoco Valley, but distinguished by decidedly lighter (about Saccardo's olive) upper parts, with the anterior pileum more or less mouse gray; less conspicuous edges on the upper wing-coverts; smaller, less blackish bill. Material examined. — Panama 5. Colombia: Santa Marta district 5, Antioquia i, Bogota 15. Venezuela: Encontrados, Zulia 5. 176 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 1922 — from Panama to Colombia (monog., South American bibliography); idem and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 346, 1922 — Bonda, Cautilito, Don Diego, La Tigrera, Tucurinca, Fundaci6n, and Punta Caiman, Santa Marta district; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 219, 1922 — Mt. Sapo, Darien. Range: Panama, including the Pearl Islands, west to Chiriqui (David, Divala); Colombia; northwestern Venezuela (State of Zulia). ii : Panama (Colon 2, Balboa 2; Chiriqui i); Colombia (Antio- quia i); Venezuela (Encontrados, Zulia 5). *Myiarchus ferox ferox (Gmelin). FIERCE FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa ferox GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 934, 1789 — primarily based on "LeTyran, de Cayenne" Brisson, Orn., a, p. 398, Cayenne. Myiarchus ferox SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 253, 1888 — part, spec, s-c', r-'x', Peru, British Guiana, Para, Pernambuco, Bahia; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 228, 1921 — British Guiana (various localities). Myiarchus ferox ferox OBERHOLSER, Proc. Indiana Ac. Sci., 1918, p. 304 (part); TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 197, 1922 — part, French and Dutch Guiana and Amazonian Colombia south to eastern Peru and Bahia, Brazil (excl. Tobago). Myiarchus ferox cantans (not of PELZELN) REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 76, 1910 — part, spec. Nos. 90, 571, Bahia and above Barrocao, Rio Preto (spec, examined). Myiarchus cephalotes (not of TACZANOWSKI) CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1 17, p. 98, 1921 — part, Rio San Miguel; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 58, 1920 — Chaquimayo, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru (spec, reexam- ined). Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; the whole of the Ama- zonian basin, west to eastern Peru (as far south as the eastern slope of the Sierra of Carabaya), south through eastern Brazil to Bahiaa. 13: British Guiana (Georgetown i, Mazaruni River 2); Brazil (Itacoatiara i ; Sao Bento, Maranhao i, Sao Luiz, Maranhao 2, Cururu- * As pointed out by Mr. Todd, birds from eastern Peru, Amazonia (specimens ex- amined from Maraj6, Mexiana, Itacoatiara, Borba and Calama, Rio Maderia), and eastern Brazil south to Bahia are inseparable from topotypical French Guianan skins (twelve compared). The inhabitants of British Guiana also appear to me decidedly referable to M . f. ferox, although Mr. Todd associates them with the Orinocan form. Whether its range really extends to the Caqueta region of Colombia and the neighbor- hood of Mount Duida, Venezuela, as is intimated by the same author, we are unable to ascertain for lack of material. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 5, Roche-Marie 3, Apprpuague 2, Isle le Pere 2. British Guiana: Bartica Grove 2, Georgetown i, Mazaruni River 2. Brazil: Maraj6 8, Mexiana i, Itacoatiara i; Borba i, Calama, Rio Madeira i; Maranhao 5, Bahia 5, Sao Amarp i, Macaco Secco i, above Barrocao, Rio Preto i. Peru: Rioja 2, San Ramon i, Rio San Miguel, Urubamba i, Chaquimayo, Sierra of Carabaya i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 177 pu, Maranhao i ; Sao Amaro, Bahia i ; Macaco Secco, near Andarahy, Bahia i); Peru (Rioja 2; San Ramon, Chanchamayo i). *Myiarchus ferox australis subsp. nov.a SOUTHERN FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus cantons PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 182, 1868 — part, Rio de Janeiro and Sapitiba, Rio (spec, examined). Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 253, 1888 — part, southeastern Brazil. Myiarchus ferox swainsoni (not of CABANIS and HEINE) TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 200, 1922 — from Bolivia and southern Brazil to Buenos Aires (monog., full bibliography); MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 649, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 336, 1926 — Resistencia and Las Palmas, Chaco, and Tapia, Tucuman. Range: Eastern Bolivia and southern Brazil, from Matto Grosso, Minas Geraes, and Espirito Santo southwards; Paraguay; northern Argentina, south to the latitude of Buenos Aires. 2: Bolivia (Todos Santos, Chapare" River i); Brazil (Aragatuba, Sao Paulo i). Myiarchus ferox subspA ORINOCAN FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus ferox venezuelensis (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 51, 1902 — Altagracia, Caicara, Perico, and Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco; STONE, Proc. Ac. N. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 205 — Boca Uracoa and Jocopita, Manimo River, Venezuela; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 244, 1916 — Ciudad Bolivar and Caicara, Venezuela; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 475, 1917 — Villavicencio, (?) La Morelia and Florencia, Rio Caquetd, Colombia; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 203, 1922 — part, except Bartica Grove, El Hacha, Las Trincheras, and Puerto La Cruz. a Myiarchus ferox australis subsp. nov. Type from Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes, Brazil, in Zoological Mu- seum, Munich. No. n. 1599. Adult male. A. O. de Carvalho. Similar to M. f. ferox, but upper parts lighter and more brownish, with the pileum less dusky; gray of throat and chest slightly paler. Wing 88, (female) 85; tail 87-90, (female) 86; bill 18-19. Though distinguishable in a series, single specimens of this form are sometimes hard to separate from M . f. ferox. Material examined. — Brazil: Rio de Janeiro 4, Sapitiba r; Victoria, Espirito Santo i ; Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes 3. Bolivia: Buenavista 2, Todos Santos, Rio Chapar6 i. Argentina: Ocampo, Santa Fe" i. b The birds occurring in the Orinoco-Caura basin are so close to M. f. australis, of southern Brazil, that I do not venture to separate them, in spite of the fact that their ranges are divided by the interposition of the much darker M. f. ferox, which stretches from the Guianas through the Amazonas Valley to eastern Peru. As correctly stated by Mr. Todd, the only average difference consists in the slighter darker pileum of the Orinocan birds, but even this is far from constant. They are, however, certainly different from M . /. venezuelensis, of the Venezuelan coast. Material examined. — Venezuela, Rio Orinoco: Ciudad Bolivar 5, Altagracia 4, Caicara 4; Rio Caura, La Union i, La Vuelta i, Maripa 2, Mato River i. 178 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Southern Venezuela (Orinoco Valley from the delta to Cai- cara, and its tributaries). *Myiarchus ferox venezuelensis Lawrence*: VENEZUELAN FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus venezuelensis LAWRENCE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1865, p. 38 — Venezuela (type examined) ; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628, 631 — San Esteban; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 165, 1912 — San Esteban; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 203, 1922 — part, El Hacha, Las Trincheras, and Puerto La Cruz, Venezuela. Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 253, 1888 — part, spec, o, San Esteban. Range: Coast region of northwestern Venezuela, in states of Lara (El Hacha, Bolivar Railroad) and Carabobo (Puerto La Cruz, Las Trin- cheras, Lake Valencia) . i : Venezuela (Lake Valencia, Carabobo i). Myiarchus ferox insulicola Hellmayr and Seilernb. KIRK'S FLY- CATCHER. • Myiarchus ferox venezuelensis LAWRENCE: Nearest to M. ferox subsp., from the Orinoco Valley, but outer web of outermost rectrix pale brownish, in decided contrast to the much darker (blackish brown) inner web; remaining rectrices dis- tinctly, though narrowly edged with hazel along the outer web; primaries likewise margined with cinnamon-rufous; upper parts darker, particularly the pileum more blackish. Wing (male) 90-94, (female) 88-90^; tail 91-93, (female) 87-89; bill 19-20. The type courteously lent by the authorities of the American Museum of Natural History is identical with birds from the coast of Carabobo and, no doubt, came from the same general region. Although only six specimens have been examined, there can be no question about their being subspecifically distinct from the Orinocan race. All of the six examples are adults, as manifested by the broad, ill-defined, dingy gray- ish markings on the wing-coverts and the absence of rufous edges to the upper tail- coverts. They agree among themselves, and differ from the Orinocan race, in the rufous edges to the primaries and rectrices, the whity brown outer web of the outer- most tail feather, and the darker upper parts. Material examined. — Venezuela: El Hacha, Bolivar R. R., State of Lara i (Carnegie Museum No. 36194); San Esteban i, Puerto La Cruz i, Las Trincheras i, Lake Valencia, Carabobo i; unspecified (the type) i. b Myiarchus ferox insulicola HELLMAYR and SEILERN: Closely allied to, and agreeing with M . f. venezuelensis in whity brown outer web of outermost rectrix and hazel, resp. cinnamon rufous edges to tail feathers and primaries; but bill decidedly larger; gray of throat extended farther onto the chest; abdomen paler yellow. Wing (adult male) 94; tail 94; bill 21. This form is perhaps not properly separable from M . f. venezuelensis, though it should be recalled that no representative of this group of Flycatchers has been found either in Trinidad or on the opposite Venezuelan coast of Bermudez. The Tobago form has, however, nothing to do with typical M. f, ferox which lacks the pale brown outer web and the rufous edges to the rectrices, besides several other distinc- tions. M. f. venezuelensis and M. f. insulicola, by retaining the rufous markings on wings and tail in adult plumage, stand apart from the other races. Material examined. — Tobago: Man o'War Bay i, unspecified 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 179 Myiarchus ferox insulicola HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 202, 1915 — Tobago; OBERHOLSER, Proc. Indiana Ac. Sci., 1918, p. 305 — Tobago (crit.). Tyrannus crinitus (not of LINNAEUS) JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 330, 1847 — Tobago, part "female." Myiarchus venezuelensis (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 632 — part, Tobago (crit.). Myiarchus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 233, 1862 — part, spec, d, Tobago; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 253, 1888 — part, spec, r, Tobago. Myiarchus ferox ferox TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 197, 1922 — part, Tobago. Range: Island of Tobago. *Myiarchus cephalotes cephalotes Taczanowski*. TACZANOWSKI'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus cephalotes TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 671 — Paltaypampa and Ropaybamba (Dept. Junin) and Tambillo, Peru; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 322, 1884 — Peruvian localities (habits); idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 93 — Machay, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, t>. 254, 1888 — Tamiapampa and Chirimoto, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 476, 1917 — Cerro Munchique (Western Andes), Miraflores, Salento, Santa Elena, Rio Toch£, El Eden, La Candela, and La Palma (Central Andes), Colombia; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 206, 1922 — Colombia to Bolivia (monog., full synonymy); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 1 8, 1925 — Yungas of Bolivia (crit.). Tyrannus ferox (not Muscicapa ferox GMELIN) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 43, 1837 — part, Yungas (spec, in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. mend., Ois., p. 306, 1839 — part, descr. "male," Yungas. Range : Subtropical Zone of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and of Western and Central Andes of Colombia. ii : Peru (Molinopampa i; Uchco i; Vista Alegre i, Huachipa i, Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco 6); Colombia (La Palma, Huila i). • Myiarchus cephalotes cephalotes TACZANOWSKI is easily distinguished from the M. ferox group by the buffy white outer web of the outermost rectrix, the two dis- tinct light wing bands, formed by the olive buff or whitish tips to the median and greater coverts, and much more conspicuous buffy white edges to the inner second- aries. Specimens from Colombia and Ecuador agree perfectly with a series from Peru and Bolivia. Material examined. — Colombia: Cerro Munchique, coast range west of Popayan, Cauca i, Santa Elena 2, Salento, West Quindio Andes 2, El Eden, East Quindio Andes i, Miraflores 3, La Candela i, La Palma, Huila i. Ecuador: Machay i. Peru: Chirimoto 3, Molinopampa i, Uchco i, Chinchao 6, Huachipa i, Vista Alegre i. Bolivia: Locotal, Cochabamba 3, Roquefalda, Cochabamba i; Vermejo, Dept. Santa Cruz 2; Yungas i. 180 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Myiarchus cephalotes caribbaeus Hellmayr*. CARIBBEAN FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus cephalotes caribbaeus HELLMAYR, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bay., 9, p. 73, 1925— Galipan, Cerro del Avila, Dept. Federal Occidental, Venezuela; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 191, p. 10, 1925 — Carapas, Bermudez. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Venezuela, in states of Tru- jillo (Guamito), Aragua (Maracay), Dept. Federal Occidental (Loma Redonda and Cerro del Avila, Caracas Range), and Bermudez (Car- apas). i: Venezuela (Maracay, Aragua i). *Myiarchus apicalis Sclater and Salvinb. BOGOTA FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus apicalis SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, (4) 5, p. 269, 1881 — Bogota; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 256, 1888 — Bogota; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 476, 1917 — Caldas, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Cali, Chicoral, Honda, El Consuelo, Colombia; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 207, 1922 — Colombia (monog.). Range : Arid Tropical Zone of Colombia (upper Cauca and Magda- lena valleys, and Caldas basin, Rio Dagua). i : Colombia (San Antonio, Cauca i). ^Myiarchus tuberculifer tuberculifer (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). D'ORBIGNY'S DUSKY-CAPPED FLYCATCHER. Tyrannus tuberculifer LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 43, 1837 — Guarayos, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 307, pi. 32, fig. i, 1839 — Guarayos; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 323, 1906 (crit.). Myiarchus gracilirostris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 183, 1868 — Villa Maria [ = San Luis de Caceres], Matto Grosso (type in Vienna Museum examined). • Myiarchus cephalotes caribbaeus HELLMAYR: Similar to M. c. cephalotes, but smaller, with shorter, slenderer bill; back paler, more greenish; pileum less blackish and slightly suffused with olive tawny; outer web of outermost rectrix clearer yellow- ish, therefore more conspicuous; tail feathers frequently tipped with pale brownish. Wing (male) 84-87 (against 91-95, in M. c. cephalotes), (female) 80-84 (against 85-90); tail 84-89 (against 89-98), (female) 81-86 (against 85-92); bill 16^-18 (against 18-20). Material examined. — Venezuela: Guamito, Trujillo (Carnegie Museum) 2; Maracay, Aragua i ; Loma Redonda 3, Galipan, Cerro del Avila 1 1 ; Carapas, Ber- mudez i. b Myiarchus apicalis SCLATER and SALVIN, while agreeing with M. cephalotes in wing markings, is easily distinguished by whity brown tips to the rectrices; much darker olive upper parts; more sooty blackish pileum; darker gray sides of the head, and by the darker, dingier gray of throat and chest being slightly suffused with yellowish edges. Wing (male) 90-94, (female) 85-89; tail 90-94, (female) 84-88; bill 18^-21. Birds from the Western Andes generally have larger, stronger bills. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 10; Honda i, El Consuelo i, Chicoral, Coello River i ; San Antonio 3, Las Lomitas i, Cali 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 181 Myiarchus coalei RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 9, p. 520, 1887 — "Orinoco Valley" (type in U. S. National Museum examined ;= trade skin of the so- called "Orinoco or Trinidad make"). Myiarchus nigriceps (not of SCLATER 1860) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 258, 1888 — part, spec, m-y, Herradura, Minca, Bogota, MeYida, San Este- ban, Roraima, Iquitos. Myiarchus tuberculifer tuberculifer TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 212, 1922 — from Dutch and British Guiana and Venezuela west to northern Colombia, and thence south to Bolivia (monog., full synonymy); TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 345, 1922 — Santa Marta region (crit.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 21, 1925 (note on type). Range : Dutch and British Guiana, and adjacent section of extreme northern Brazil (Rio Branco); Venezuela; Island of Trinidad; Colom- bia (except Western Andes) ; eastern Ecuador and Peru; Bolivia; west- ern Brazil, east to western Matto Grosso (San Luis de Caceres) and the Rio Madeira4. 4: Bolivia (Buena Vista, Dept. Santa Cruz i); Peru (Rio Color- ado, Chanchamayo i); Brazil (Serra Grande, Rio Branco i); Venezuela (Encontradqs, Zulia i). ^Myiarchus tuberculifer tricolor Pelzelnb. PELZELN'S DUSKY-CAPPED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus tricolor PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 117, 182, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro and Sapitiba, Rio (types examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 259, 1888 — Rio Tocantins and Bahia, Brazil. Myiarchus nigriceps (not of SCLATER) MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 1 1 8, 1904 — Ouanary, French Guiana (spec, examined). Myiarchus tuberculifer (not Tyrannus tuberculifer LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 100, 1920 — Bahia. Myiarchus tuberculifer tricolor TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 211, 1922 — French Guiana, south to Rio de Janeiro (monog.). Range: Coast region of eastern Brazil, south to Rio de Janeiro, and (according to W. E. C. Todd) west to the Tapaj6z and north to French Guiana. i: Brazil (Tury-assii, Maranhao i). B On reexamination, the type of M. gracilirostris proves to be absolutely identical with Bolivian specimens (topotypes of M. tuberculifer). An adult male from Borba, Rio Madeira is likewise referable to the present race. Sixty specimens examined. b Myiarchus tuberculifer tricolor PELZELN: Very similar to M. t. tuberculifer, but crown less blackish; back duller olive; gray of throat and chest deeper. The types and several Bahia skins are smaller and paler yellowish underneath than a series from Maranhao and Para. Single specimens are not always disting- uishable from M. t. tuberculifer, and the race, as a whole, is not very satisfactory. However, Mr. Todd who had much more adequate material for study considers it fairly separable. Material examined. — Brazil: Rio de Janeiro 2, Sapitiba i, Bahia 3; Tury-assu, Maranhao i; Pard district 4. French Guiana: Ouanary i. i8z FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Myiarchus tuberculifer atriceps Cabanis*. GREATER BLACK-CAPPED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus atriceps CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 31, p. 215, 1883— San Xavier, Tucu- man (type) and Chilpes, Dept. Junin, Peru; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 157, 1888— Tucuman; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 259, 1888 — Ccachupata (Peru), Tilotilo (Bolivia), Tucuman (Argentina); DAB- BENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 348, 1910— Tucuman; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 209, 1922 — Andean region of Peru, Bolivia, and northwestern Argentina (monog., full synonymy). Myiarchus tuberculifer atriceps HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 59, 1920 — Chuhuasi, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru (crit.). Range: Andean region of Peru, Bolivia, and northwestern Argen- tina (prov. Jujuy and Tucuman). 13: Peru (Hacienda Llagueda, northeast of Otuzco i; Hacienda Limon, ten miles west of Balsas, Dept. Cajamarca i ; Huanuco 8, Panao Mountains i, Chinchao i, Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco i). *Myiarchus tuberculifer nigriceps Sclater. BLACK-CAPPED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus nigriceps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 68, 1860— Pallatanga, Ecua- dor; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 258, 1888— part, spec, a-i, Pallatanga, Esmeraldas, "Quito," " Jima," Balzar, "Sarayacu," Ecuador; SALVADOR! and FESTA, BoU. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 13, 1899— La Conception (Chota) and Niebli; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1137— Pueblo Rico and Noanama, Colombia; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — Mindo and Gualea, Ecuador. Myiarchus tuberculifer nigriceps CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 4?7i I9I7— part, Alto Bonito, Dabeiba, Juntas de Tamana, San Jos£, Rio Frio, andCali, Colombia; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 216, 1922— Pacific slope of western Colombia and western Ecuador (monog., full syn- onymy). Range: Pacific slope of the Andes of Ecuador and Western Andes of Colombiab. • Myiarchus tuberculifer atriceps CABANIS: Similar to M. t. nigriceps in colora- tion, but larger. Wing (male) 84-92, (female) 81-86; tail 81-92, (female) 80-85; bill 18-19- Birds from southern Peru (Carabaya) and Argentina are considerably larger than the Ecuadorian form (nigriceps). In northern Peru however, a gradual de- crease in size takes place, and the smallest examples (males with wings of 84mm.) are closely matched by certain individuals from Ecuador, one male from Palla- tanga measuring fully 83 mm. Material examined.— Argentina: Jujuy i, Tafi Viejo, Tucuman 4. Bolivia: Tilotilo 2, Samaipata 2. Peru: Chuhuasi, Sierra of Carabaya 4; Huaynapata, Mar- capata i; Chilpes, Junin i; Huanuco 8, Panao Mts. i, Chinchao i, Huachipa i; Cajabamba 2; Hacienda Limon, west of Balsas i; near Otuzco i; Tabaconas 2. b Material examined.— Colombia: Pueblo Rico i, Noanama 2. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Paramba 9, San Javier 6; Pallatanga 2, Chimbo 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 183 Myiarchus tuberculifer brunneiceps Lawrence*. BROWN-CAPPED FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus brunneiceps LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 327, in text, 1 86 1 — Lion Hill, Panama Railroad. Myiarchus nigriceps (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 360 — Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 258, 1888 — part, spec, j-1, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 96, 1889 — part, Lion Hill, Panama; NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 49, 1904 — part, Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 650, 1907 — part, eastern Panama; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 267 — Gatun, Panama. Myiarchus tuberculifer nigriceps BANGS and B ARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 219, -1922 — Rio Esnape and Jesusito, Darien. Range: Eastern Panama (Lion Hill, Gatun, Frijole Station, Pan- ama Railroad; Rib Esnape and Jesusito, Darien). *Myiarchus tuberculifer bangsi Nelson. BANGS'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus lawrencei bangsi NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 45, 1904 — Boquete, Chiriqui, western Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 646, 1907 — part, northwestern Panama (Boquete); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Pozo del Rio Grande, and Lagarto de Terraba, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 692, 1910 — southwestern Costa Rica; MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 159, p. 6, 8, 1925— Veraguas, Chiriqui, and southwestern Costa Rica. Myiarchus nigricapillus (not of CABANIS) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 257, 1888 — part, spec, j-m, Chitra, Santa F6 de Veragua, and Volcan de Chiriqui. Range : Western Panama (Veragua and Chiriqui) and southwestern Costa Rica. i: Costa Rica (Boruca i). *Myiarchus tuberculifer nigricapillus Cabanis. CABANIS'S FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus nigricapillus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 9, p. 250, in text, 1861 — Costa Ricab; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 257, 1888 — part, spec, a-h, San Jose", Tucurriqui, Pacuare', Irazu, Costa Rica. Myiarchus lawrencei nigricapillus NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 44, 1904 — part, Costa Rica and Nicaragua (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. a Myiarchus tuberculifer brunneiceps LAWRENCE: Nearest to M. t. nigriceps, but crown not so dark, deep brown rather than black; back of a brighter greenish tone; bill more slender. Four specimens from the Panama Railroad (Lion Hill) examined. b Miller and Griscom (I.e., p. 7) suggest Bonilla, eastern Costa Rica, as type locality. 184 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 644, 1907 — part, Nicaraguan and Costa Rican references and localities only; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 693, 1910 — Costa Rica, except extreme southwestern section (crit.); MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 159, p. 7, 1925 — southeastern Nicaragua and Costa Rica, except extreme northwest and southwest portions (crit.). Myiarchus lawrencii bangsi (not of NELSON) FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 269, 1910 — Turrialba Station and Guayabo, Costa Rica. Range: Southeastern Nicaragua and Costa Rica (except extreme northwest and southwest portions)*. 15: Costa Rica (San Jos6 2, Bolson i, Turrialba i, Guayabo n). *Myiarchus tuberculifer connectens Miller and Griscomb. MATAGALPA FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus lawrencii connectens MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 159, p. 6, 1925 — Las Cafias, Matagalpa, Nicaragua. Myiarchus lawrencii (not Muscicapa lawrenceii GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 256, 1907 — part, spec, r-b', Guatemala and Honduras; (?) q Belize, Brit. Honduras. Myiarchus lawrencii lawrencii (not of GIRAUD) BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 39, p. 148, 1903 — Ceiba and Yaruca, Honduras; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 642, 1907 — part, Guatemala and (?) British Honduras. Myiarchus lawrenceii DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 106, 1907 — Los Amates, Lake Amatitlan, Lake Atitlan, Patulul, and San Jose", Guatemala. Myiarchus lawrenceii nigricapillus (not of CABANIS) NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 44, 1904 — part, Guatemala and Honduras; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 644, 1907 — part, Honduras. Range: Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua (except southeast- ern portion). 20: Guatemala (Patulul, Solola 3; San Jose", Esquintla 2; Laguna, Guatemala i ; Los Amates, Izabel 7 ; Lake Amatitlan i ; Lake Atitlan 2) ; Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 2, San Raphael del Norte i, Matagalpa i). • The range is given here in accordance with Miller and Griscom's definition, though our specimens from Turrialba and Guayabo have much blacker heads than those from San Jose" and Bolson and are hardly distinguishable from a single Boruca bird which I take to be M. t. bangsi. b Myiarchus tuberculifer connectens MILLER and GRISCOM: "Similar to M. t. lawrenceii in coloration, but with much shorter wing, and proportionately larger bill, in this respect resembling M. t. nigricapillus, of Costa Rica. (Miller and Griscom, I.e.). Owing to lack of material of the Mexican form I am not in a position to judge the value of this recently discriminated form. A single male from San Luis Potosi is rather smaller than the majority of our Guatemalan skins. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 185 *Myiarchus tuberculifer lawrenceii (Giraud). LAWRENCE'S FLY- CATCHER. Muscicapa lawrencei GIRAUD, Sixteen New Spec. Texas Birds, p. [9], pi. [2], fig. i, 1841 — " Texas," probably Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Myiarchus rufomarginatus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 73, 1859 — Mexico. Myiarchus lawrenci SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 256, 1888 — part, spec, b, c, Orizaba. Myiarchus lawrencei NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 42, 1904 — Mexico (monog., range). Myiarchus lawrenceii lawrencei RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 642, 1907 — part, eastern and southern Mexico (monog.); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Alta Mira, Yerba Buena, Montelunga, Galindo, Rio Mar- tinez, Rio Cruz, and Santa Leonor, Tamaulipas; MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 159, p. 7, 1925 — Mexico from Nuevo Leon to Vera Cruz and probably Chiapas and Tabasco (crit.). Range: Eastern and southern Mexico, from Nuevo Leon to Vera Cruz, Tabasco, and Chiapas. i: Mexico (Valles, San Luis Potosi i). *Myiarchus tuberculifer platyrhynchus Ridgway. COZUMEL FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus platyrhynchus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 3, p. 23, 1885 — Cozumel Island, Yucatan. Myiarchus lawrencei platyrhynchus NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 45, 1904 — Cozumel Island, Peninsula of Yucatan, and coast region of Campeche and Tabasco (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 648, 1907 — same range (monog., full synonymy). Myiarchus lawrencii (not of GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 256, 1888 — part, spec, g-p, Yucatan and Cozumel Island. (?) Myiarchus lawrencei lawrencei PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Camp Mengel and Xcopen, Terre Quintana Roo. Range : Cozumel Island ; Yucatan, Campeche, and eastern Tabasco (Frontera, Monte Cristo) ; ( ?) Terre Quintana Roo. 5: Yucatan (Rio Lagatos 3; Cozumel Island 2). *Myiarchus tuberculifer querulus Nelson. QUERULOUS FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus lawrencei querulus NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 47, 1904 — Los Reyes, Michoacan, Mexico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 647, 1907 — southwestern Mexico (monog., full synonymy). 186 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range : Southwestern Mexico, in states of Jalisco, Michoacan, More- los, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Colima, and southern Sinaloa. 4: Jalisco (Tuxpam 2); Guerrero (Iguala 2). Myiarchus tuberculif er tresmariae Nelson. TRES MARIAS FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus lawrencei tresmariae NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 49, 1904 — Maria Madre Island, Tepic, Mexico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 649, 1907 — Tres Marias Islands (monog.). Myiarchus lawrenci (not of GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 256, 1888 — part, spec, e, f, Tres Marias Islands. Range: Tres Marias Islands, Territory of Tepic, Mexico. *Myiarchus tuberculifer olivascens Ridgway. OLIVACEOUS FLY- CATCHER. Myiarchus lawrencei olivascens RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 2, p. 91, 1884 — Santa Efigenia, Oaxaca; NELSON, I.e., 17, P- 48, 1904— southern Arizona and thence south in western Mexico, west of the Sierra Madre to northern Tepic (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 649, 1907— southern Arizona to Tepic (monog., full synonymy); SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 41, 1914 — Arizona. Range: Southern Arizona and southward through western and southwestern Mexico (in states of Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Colima, Guerrero, and Oaxaca to northern Tepic) ; accidental in Color- ado (Fort Lyon). 15: Arizona (Calabasas i, Huachuca Mountains 10, Santa Rita Mountains 3); Colima (Colima i). *Myiarchus barbirostris (Swainson). SAD FLYCATCHER. Tyrannula barbirostris SWAINSON, Philos. Mag., (n.s.), i, p. 367, 1827— "Mexico"; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 85 (note on type). Myiobius tristis GOSSE, Birds Jam., p. 167, 1847— Jamaica; idem, Illust. Birds Jam., pi. 41, 1849. Blacicus barbirostris SALVIN, Cat. Strickland Coll., p. 316, 1882— Jamaica (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 244, 1888— Jamaica; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 128, 1889 — Jamaica. Myiarchus barbirostris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 652, 1907— Jamaica (monog., full bibliography). Range: Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles. 6: Jamaica (Kingston i, Priestmans River 2, Maryland, St. An- drew i, unspecified 2). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 187 *Myiarchus semirufus Sclater and Salvin. STEERE'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus semirufus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 138, pi. n — Pacasmayo, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1879, p. 236 — Pacasmayo; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Chepen; idem, Orn. P&-., 2, p. 325, 1884 — Pacasmayo, Chepen, Tumbez, Guadalupe, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 263, 1888 — Pacasmayo; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Sullana, Piura. Range : Arid littoral of Peru (in depts. Tumbez, Piura, Lam- bayeque, and Libertad). 2: Peru (Chimbote i, Trujillo i). Genus HYLONAX Ridgway. Hylonax RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 210, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Myiarchus validus CABANIS. *Hylonax validus (Cdbanis). GOSSE'S FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus validus CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 351, 1847 — one of the West Indian Islands; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 252, 1888 — Moneague and Spanishtown, Jamaica; CORY, Birds West Ind., p. 124, 1889 — Jamaica. Tyrannula gossii KAUPb, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, "1851," p. 51, Oct. 1852 — Jamaica. Hylonax validus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 814, 1907 — Jamaica (monog., full bibliography). Range: Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles. 4: Jamaica (Kingston 2, near Spanishtown i, unspecified i). Genus ERIBATES Ridgway. Eribales RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 606, 1893 — type Myiobius magnirostris GOULD. *Eribates magnirostris (Gould). GALAPAGOS FLYCATCHER. Tyrannula magnirostris GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 3, pi. 8, July 1838. Myiobius magnirostris GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 48, July 1839 — Chatham Island, Galapagos Archipelago. Myiarchus magnirostris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 262, 1888 — Bindloe, Indefatigable, and Abingdon Islands; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19, p. 569, 1896 — Albemarle, Duncan, Charles, Hood, Chatham, Barrington, • Mr. Ridgway refers the genus to the family Cotingidae, but for reasons explained elsewhere we are not prepared to adopt this course until anatomical researches have decided its systematic position. b Tyrannula gossii BONAPARTE (Consp. Av., i, p. 189, 1850) is a nomen nudum, being exclusively based on Tyrannus crinitus GOSSE (Birds Jam., p. 186, 1847), where no description is given. 1 88 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Indefatigable, Jervis, James, Bindloe, and Abingdon Islands; ROTHSCHILD and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 6, p. 172, 1899 — Chatham, Charles, Gardner, Hood, Barrington, James, Duncan, Indefatigable, Jervis, Albemarle, Narborough, Abingdon, Bindloe, and Wenman Islands; idem, I.e., 9, p. 402, 1902 — Chatham, Abingdon, and Duncan Islands (nest descr.) ; SNODGRASS and HEL- LER, Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., 5, p. 269, 1904 — all islands except Wenman, Cul- pepper, and Tower. Eribates magnirostris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat., 50, Part 4, p. 605, 1907 — Galapagos Islands (monog.). Range: Galapagos Archipelago (Albemarle, Narborough, Duncan, Charles, Hood, Chatham, Barrington, Indefatigable, Jervis, James, Bindloe, Wenman, and Abingdon Islands). i: Galapagos (Bindloe Island i). Genus NESOTRICCUS Townsend". Nesotriccus TOWNSEND, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 27, p. 124, 1895 — type Nesotric- cus ridgwayi TOWNSEND. Nesotriccus ridgwayi Townsend. Cocos ISLAND FLYCATCHER. Nesotriccus ridgwayi TOWNSEND, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 27, p. 124, 1895 — Cocos Island; SNODGRASS and HELLER, Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., 4, p. 518, 1902 — Cocos Island (descr.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 481, 1907 — Cocos Island (monog.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 709, 1910 — Cocos Island. Range : Cocos Island, off the Gulf of Panamab. Genus DELTARHYNCHUS Ridgway. Deltarhynchus RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 606, Oct. 1893 — type by orig. desig. Myiarchus flammulatus LAWRENCE. Deltarhynchus flammulatus (Lawrence). FLAMMULATED FLYCATCHER. Myiarchus jtammulatus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., n, "1876," p. 71, pub. Feb. 1875 — Cacoprieto, Oaxaca, Mexico; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 263, 1888 — Tehuantepec; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.- Amer. Aves, 2, p. 96, pi. 37, fig. 2, 1889 — "Mazatlan," Tehuantepec. Deltarhynchus flammulatus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 508, 1907 — southern Mexico (monog.). Range: Southwestern and southern Mexico, in states of Jalisco (La Palma), Guerrero (Naranjo, La Lagunilla), Oaxaca (Cacoprieto), and Chiapas (Tuxtla Gutierrez). • Nesotriccus TOWNSEND is nearly allied to Eribates RIDGWAY, but differs by somewhat narrower, more depressed bill with more strongly ridged culmen, shorter tail and wing, and longer outermost primary. b Three specimens examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 189 Genus NUTTALLORNIS Ridgway. Nuttallornis RIDGWAY, Man. North Amer. Birds, p. 337, Sept. 1887 — type Tyrannus borealis SWAINSON = Muscicapa mesoleuca LICHTENSTEIN. ^Nuttallornis mesoleucus (Lichtenstein} . OLIVE-SIDED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa mesoleuca LICHTENSTEIN, Preis-Verz. Mexik. Vogel, p. 2, 1830 — Mexico (the type examined in the Berlin Museum was obtained by Deppe at Oaxaca8); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., n, p. 58, 1863 (reprint). Tyrannus borealis SWAINSON in Richardson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., 2, p. 141, pi. 35, Feb. 1832 — Cumberland House, Banks of the Saskatchewan, lat. 54° north. "Muscicapa cooperi, M. inornata NOB., Nat. Sci. Philad. et D. Cooper in litt." (sic) NUTTALL, Man. Orn. U. S. and Canada, i, p. 282, 1832 — Mount Auburn, near Boston, Massachusetts. Contopus mesoleucus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 43, 1859 — Orizaba, Mexico and Guatemala. Contopus borealis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 234, 1888 (monog.). Nuttallornis borealis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 505, 1907 — North America, in winter south to northern South America (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 704, 1910 — Costa Rica; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Guayabo; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 78, 1911 — Galindo, Guiaves, Portrero, Realito, and Montelunga, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 42, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 91, 1915 — California; SAUNDERS, I.e., 14, p. 86, 1917 — Montana; NOBLE, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 533, 1919 — New- foundland; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 60, 1920 — Yahuarmayo, Dept. Puno, Peru; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., I4» P- 353. !922 — Cincinnati and Pueblo Viejo, Santa Marta. Nuttallornis borealis majorinus BANGS and PENARDb, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 90, 1921 — Pine Flats, north fork of San Gabriel River, Los Angeles County, California; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 219, 1922 — Mount Sapo, Darien. Range : Breeding from central Alaska, southern Mackenzie, southern Keewatin, Quebec, and Cape Breton Island south to northern Lower Cali- fornia, Arizona, and western Texas, and also northern Michigan, New York, and Massachusetts south in mountains to North Carolina; mi- grating through Mexico and Central America and wintering in northern South America, from Venezuela0 and Colombia to Peru. •The type, an adult male in good condition (No. 2402, Berlin Museum), is a specimen of the smaller eastern form (wing 103; tail 74). b Western birds are undeniably larger, but the difference, which can only be appreciated in properly sexed specimens, should be confirmed by larger series of breeding birds. 0 An adult male (wing 112^; tail 77) from Galipan, Cerro del Avila, near Caracas, October 28, 1913, S. M. Klages coll., in Munich Museum. i go FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 28: California (Pasadena i); Arizona (Huachuca Mountains 5, Santa Rita Mountains i); Washington (Prescott i); Colorado (Ber- thoud's Pass i, Coulter i, Fort Lyon i, unspecified i); Illinois (Chi- cago 4, Joliet 3, Lake Forest i, Beach i); Wisconsin (Beaver Dam 2); Texas (Cameron i); Costa Rica (Guayabo i, San Jose" 2); Peru (Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo i). Genus MYIOCHANES Cabanis and Heine-. Contopus (not Contipus MARSEUL 1853) CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 3, p. 479, 1855 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa virens LINNAEUS. Syrichtha (not Syrichtus BOISDUVAL 1833) BoNAPARTEb, Bull. Soc. Linn. Norman- die, 2, p. 36, 1857 — type by monotypy "Syrichtha curtipes BONAPARTE ex SWAINSON," = Tyrannula curtipes SWAINSON. Myiochanes CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 71, 1859 — new name for Syrichtha BONAPARTE, preoccupied. Horizopus OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 331, 1899-— type by orig. desig. Muscicapa virens LINNAEUS. *Myiochanes virens (Linnaeus'). WOOD PEWEE. Muscicapa virens LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., i?th ed., i, p. 327, 1766 — based on Muscicapa car olinensis cinerea BRISSON, Orn., 2, p. 368, 1760, Carolina. Muscicapa querula VIEILLOT, Hist. Nat. Ois. Amer. sept., i, p. 68, pi. 39, 1807 (?) — "au centre des fitats-Unis." Muscicapa rapax WILSON, Amer. Orn., 2, p. 81, pi. 13, fig. 5, 1810 — locality not specified. Contopus albicottis LAWRENCE, Ann. New York Ac. Sci., 3, p. 156, 1885 — Yuca- tan (see Oberholser, Auk, 16, p. 333, 1899). Contopus vicinus RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 576, Aug. 1888 — Swan Island, Caribbean Sea. Contopus virens SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 238, 1888 (monog.). Myiochanes virens RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 518, 1907 (monog., full bibliography) ; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 703, 1910 — » Planchesia BONAPARTE (Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 2, p. 36, 1857) is possibly an earlier name for this group of Flycatchers. The type species which Bonaparte, without doubt erroneously, identified with Muscicapa fuliginosa GMELIN 1789 (based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 574, fig. i, Cayenne — an irrecognizable figure) appears to be Myiochanes cinereus surinamensis (PENARD and PENARD). Unfortunately, the original example cannot be found in the Museum at Caen. Planchesia pullata PENARD (Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 7, p. 21, 1919) lately pro- posed for the "Gobe-mouche brun, de Cayenne" of Daubenton (PI. enl. 574, fig. i) is long antedated by Muscicapa arausiaca MULLER (Natursyst., Suppl., p. 171, 1776), having the same basis. b Syrichta BONAPARTE (Ann. Sci. Nat., 4th ser., Zool., i, p. 133, 1854) is a nomen nudum. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 191 Costa Rica; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 473, 1917 — Dabeiba, San Agustin, and Villavicencio, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 353, 1922 — Bonda, Cincinnati, Mamatoco, and La Tigrera, Colombia. Range : Eastern North America, breeding from Manitoba, Ontario, southern Quebec, and Prince Edward Island to southern Texas and central Florida, west to eastern Nebraska, wintering from Nicaragua south to Peru. 69: Massachusetts (Dedham i, Brookline i, Taunton 2); Connecti- cut (East Hartford 3) ; New Jersey (Englewood i) ; Maryland (Laurel i) ; Wisconsin (Woodruff 8, Beaver Dam 12); Illinois (Chicago 5, Grand Chain i, Lake Forest 2, Henry 2, Palos i, Hegewish i, Desplaines River i, Olive Branch i, Worth i, Beach 2, Fox Lake i, Joliet 4); Missouri (Vicksburg 2, Holly Springs i); Texas (Corpus Christi 2); Florida (Gainesville i, Key West 5); Costa Rica (Limon 5); Peru (Rio Colo- rado, Chanchamayo 2). *Myiochanes richardsonii richardsonii (Swainson). WESTERN WOOD PEWEE. Tyrannula richardsonii SWAINSON in Richardson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., 2, p. 146, pi. 46, lower fig., Feb. 1832 — Cumberland House, Saskatchewan, Canada. Contopus veliei CONES, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 61, in text — Fort Whipple, Arizona. Contopus richardsonii saturatus BISHOP, Auk, 17, p. 116, 1900 — Haines, Alaska. Contopus richardsoni SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 239, 1888 — part. Myiochanes richardsonii richardsonii RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 521, 1907 (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 702, 1910 — Costa Rica; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1136 — Loma Hermosa, Colombia; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 42, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 91, 1915 — California. Myiochanes richardsoni DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — Lake Atitlan, Guatemala; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 474, 1917 — Choco, Buenavista (Narifio), near San Agustin, Buenavista (above Villavicencio), Colombia. Range: Western North America, breeding from central Alaska, southern Mackenzie, central Saskatchewan, and southern Manitoba south to northern Lower California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Tamaulipas, wintering in Central America, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. 39: California (Los Gatos 2, Santa Cruz Mountains i, Palo Alto i, Paicines i, Chaparal i, Santa Monica i, Mount Diablo i); Arizona 192 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. (Camp Lowell i, Calabasas 6, Huachuca Mountains 6); Colorado (Fort Lyon 8, Yampa i, Pueblo i, Williams Range, Routt Co. 2); Mexico (Babicora, Chihuahua 4); Guatemala (Lake Atitlan i); Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Huanuco i). *Myiochanes richardsonii peninsulae (Brewster). LARGE-BILLED WOOD PEWEE. Contopus richardsonii peninsulae BREWSTER, Auk, 8, p. 144, 1891 — Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California; idem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 41, p. 120, 1902 — Cape San Lucas district (habits). Myiochanes richardsonii peninsulae RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 525» 190? — southern extremity of Lower California (monog.). Range : Southern extremity of Lower California, southward in win- ter to southeastern Mexico (Tapana, Oaxaca). 4: Lower California (Sierra de la Laguna 4). Myiochanes richardsonii sordidulus (Sclater). MEXICAN WOOD PEWEE. Contopus sordidulus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 43, June 1859 — southern Mexico and Guatemala (the marked type examined in British Museum is from Orizaba"); idem, Ibis, 1859, p. 441 — Orizaba ,and Guatemala. Contopus plebeius CAB AMIS and HEINE b, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 71, Sept. 1859 (or later) — Mexico (types) and Costa Rica; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 539 — Monterico, Peru (spec, examined); idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 319, 1884 — Monterico. Contopus richardsoni (not of SWAINSON) SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 231, 1862 — part, spec, a-e, Orizaba, Coban, Vera Paz, Guatemala; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 239, 1888 — part. Myiochanes richardsonii sordidulus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 525, 1907 — southern Mexico and highlands of Guatemala, Costa Rica and Panama; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 701, 1910 — Costa Rica (breed- ing). Horizopus richardsonii sordidulus BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Costa Rica. Contopus sp. SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 13, 1899 — Rio Peripa, Ecuador (teste Berlepsch in MS.). * It is spec, i of C. richardsoni SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 239. b Although I have not seen the types, I have little doubt C. plebeius is synonymous with C. sordidulus, since a specimen from Monterico (Peru), belonging to the Warsaw Museum, which had been transmitted to, and identified by Cabanis himself proves to be identical with the small dark race of Central America. Besides the type from Orizaba and several Guatemalan specimens, I have seen two from San Jos£, one Bogota skin, and the adult male from Monterico, Peru. Those from South America, although their date of capture is not recorded on the labels, were no doubt taken in winter time. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 193 Range : Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Tabasco, and Chiapas), Guatemala, Costa Rica, and western Panama (Chiriqui), in winter south to Colombia (Bogota), Ecuador (Rio Per- ipa), and Peru (Monterico, Dept. Ayacucho). *Myiochanes cinereus cinereus (Spix). ASH-COLORED PEWEE. Platyrhynchus cinereus SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. n, pi. 13, fig. 2, 1825 — "in sylvis flum. Amazonum" errore, we suggest Rio de Janeiro (type lost)'. Tyrannula curtipes SWAINSON, Ornith. Drawings, Part 5, pi. 54, 1836 (?) — Brazil. Muscipeta cana (CuviER MS.) PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 7, livr. 3. P- 333. l&55 — "Bresil, coll. Delalande" = Rio de Janeiro. Contopus pileatus RiDGWAYb, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 8, p. 21, 1885 — locality unknown (type in American Museum of Natural History, New York ex- amined). Myiochanes cinereus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — Registo do Sai, Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema (Sao Paulo), and Curytiba (Parana) (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., p. 331, 1870 — Mocambo and Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 89, 1874 — Carita- gallo, Rio; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 245, 1888 — part, spec, b-d, Rio, Ypanema, and Sao Paulo; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 203, 1899 — Iguape', Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 156, 1900 — Cantagallo; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 645, 1906 (crit.) ; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1914 — Alto Parana. Blacicus pileatus OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 135, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay. Blacicus cinereus IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 293, 1907 — Itarare', Caconde, Yporanga, Sao Sebastiao, and Ubatuba, Sao Paulo; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 482, 498, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parana. Blacicus cinereus pileatus IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 293, 1907 — Jaboti- cabal, Bauni, Barretos, Bebdouro, and Avanhandava, Sao Paulo (crit.). Myiochanes cinereus pileatus CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 594 — Sapucay, Paraguay. MyiocJianes cinereus cinereus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 131, 1912 — wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Minas Geraes and Espirito Santo to Parana (crit., diag.). Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from southern Minas Geraes (Lagoa Santa; Mocambo; Agua Suja, near Bagagem) and Espir- to Santo (Victoria) south to Parana, and adjoining districts of Argentina (Misiones) and Paraguay (Sapucay, Alto Parana)0. • See Hellmayr, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 645 (crit.). b The type of C. pileatus proves to be identical with specimens from Minas Geraes and Rio de Janeiro, viz. the dark form of southeastern Brazil. c Material examined. — Brazil: Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes 4; Victoria, Espirito Santo i; Rio de Janeiro 2, Registo do Sai, Rio i; Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo i, Ypanema 3, Sao Sebastiao 4, Victoria 3, Itarar6 i, Aracatuba i, Jaboti- cabal i , Rio Paranapanema i ; Curytiba, Parana i ; unspecified (type of C. pUeatus) i. Argentina, Misiones i : Puerto Segundo, Caraguatay 3. 1 94 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 6 : Brazil (Sao Paulo i , Aragatuba, Sao Paulo i ) ; Argentina, Misiones (Puerto Segundo i, Caraguatay 3). *Myiochanes cinereus pallescens subsp. nov.» DUSKY-CAPPED PEWEE. Myiochanes cinereus (not Platyrhynchus cinereus SPIX) FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 343 — Quipapa and Macuca, Pernambuco (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 245, 1888 — part, spec, a, Pernambuco. Contopus brachytarsus (not of SCLATER) WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 608 — Campo Santo, Salta; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 156, 1888 — Salta; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. n, 1895 — Colonia Risso, Paraguay (spec, examined). Blacicus brachytarsus LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — Tucuman. Myiochanes brachytarsus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 18, p. 346, 1910 — Salta and Tucuman (ex WHITE and LILLO). Blacicus pileatus (not Contopus pileatus RIDGWAY) REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 76, 1910; p. 165, 1925 — below Queimadas, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy (spec, examined). Myiochanes cinereus pileatus HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 203, 1909 — Tucuman; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 131, 1912 — part, Paraguay, Argentina (Tucuman), Pernambuco, and Piauhy (crit., characters). Blacicus cinereus subsp. pileatus LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 42, 1909 — Vipos (Tucuman) and Ledesma (Jujuy). Myiochanes cinereus subsp. pileatus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 347, 1910 — Vipos and Ledesma (ex LILLO). Range: Interior of Brazil, in states of Maranhao (Ponto, Canella), Piauhy (below Queimadas, Rio Parnahyba), Pernambuco, Bahia (Rio a Myiochanes cinereus pallescens subsp. nov. Type from Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, State of Bahia, Brazil, in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 53497. Adult female. April 3, 1914. R. H. Becker. Adult (sexes alike). — Similar to M. c. cinereus, but decidedly paler throughout; pileum dusky rather than blackish; back lighter olive gray, the larger upper wing- coverts with suggestions of pale apical edges; breast and sides much paler grayish, throat dingy whitish; under tail-coverts and an extensive area in the middle of the abdomen pale yellowish or yellowish white. Wing (male) 73-77, (female) 68-72; tail 66-69, (female) 62-65. Remarks. — In coloration, this form closely approaches M. cinereus bogotensis and M. c. andinus, but may be distinguished by less white on the throat and the indis- tinct (or barely suggested) wing bands. In worn plumage when all colors become paler and duller, certain specimens of M. c. cinereus run pretty close, but freshly- molted birds of the two races can easily be told apart. An example from Paraguay (Colonia Risso) and two from Tucuman are also referable to this form. Birds from the interior of S5o Paulo and southern Parayuay, formerly referred to the present race, I now think should undoubtedly go with M. c. cinereus. Material examined. — Brazil: below Queimadas, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy i; Ponto (Canella), Maranhao i, Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao i; Quipapa, Pernam- buco i; Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia i; Piraputanga, Matto Grosso i; Paraguay: Colonia Risso i. Argentina, Prov. Tucuman: Manantial i, Tafi Viejo i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 195 Preto) and Mat to Grosso, south to northern Paraguay (Colonia Risso») ; northern Argentina (prov. Tucuman, Salta, and Jujuy). 5 : Brazil (Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia i ; Ponto, Canella, Mar- anhao i , Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao i ; Piraputanga, Matto Grosso i ) ; Argentina (Tafi Viejo, Tucumdn i). Myiochanes cinereus surinamensis (Penard and Penard)b. SURINAM PEWEE. C[ontopus] b[r achy tarsus] surinamensis PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 259, in text, 1910 — Surinam. Blacicus brachytarsus guianarum HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 411, 1917 — near Paramaribo, Surinam (type examined). Contopus brachytarsus (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Mexiana (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 240, 1888 — part, spec, a', b', Guiana and Mexiana. Horizopus brachytarsus depressirostris (not Contopus depressirostris RIDGWAY) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 50, 1902 — Altagracia, Rio Ori- noco, Venezuela (spec, examined). Myiochanes brachytarsus andinus (not Empidonax andinus TACZANOWSKI) BER- LEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 128, 1908 — Cayenne; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 130 — Maraj6; idem, I.e., p. 131, 1912 — part, Cayenne, Mexiana, Maraj6, Orinoco. Myiochanes brachytarsus CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 243, 1916 — Altagracia, Rio Orinoco. Blacicus andinus CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 225, 1921 — Abary River, British Guiana. Range : Northern Brazil (Islands of Mexiana and Maraj6) ; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; southern Venezuela (Altagracia, Rio Orinoco). ^Myiochanes cinereus bogotensis (Bonaparte)". CARIBBEAN PEWEE. • Sylvia sylvestris VIEILLOT (Tabl. enc. me"th., Orn., 2, livr. 89, p. 457, 1820 — based on Azara, No. 168, Paraguay) which Bertoni (Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913) thinks might be referable to the present species appears to me unidentifiable. Compared to Serpophaga nigricans, the under parts, in M. c. pallescens, are certainly not darker. b Myiochanes cinereus surinamensis (PENARD and PENARD) : Closely allied to M. c. bogotensis, but distinctly smaller and under parts paler, the chest and sides being of a clearer grayish (less tinged with olive), while the middle of the abdomen is more yellowish white. Wing (male) 76-72, (female) 66^-69; tail 61-63, (female) Two specimens from the islands in the delta of the Amazon are identical with the Guianan ones, while a single female from the Orinoco (Altagracia) approaches bogotensis in coloration. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 9. Dutch Guiana: near Para- maribo i. Brazil: Mexiana i, Cachoeira, Maraj6 i. Venezuela: Altagracia, Rio Orinoco i. e Myiochanes cinereus bogotensis (BONAPARTE) : Nearly allied to M. c. brachy- tarsus, but with smaller bill; upper parts slightly more grayish, with the crown 196 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tyrannula bogotensis BONAPARTE*, Consp. Av., i, p. 190, 1850 — Columbia = Bogota. Contopus bogotensis TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 87 — near Port of Spain, Trinidad. Myiobius virens (not Muscicapa virens LINNAEUS) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 226, 1866— Trinidad. Contopus br achy tarsus (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Pilar and Caracas; idem, I.e., p. 628 — San Esteban; idem, I.e., 1870, p. 781 — Merida; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 7, p. 173, 1884 — Trinidad; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 240, 1888 — part, spec, w-z, Bogota, Caracas, San Esteban, Venezuela; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 54, 1892 — Carupano; CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 43, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — San Antonio, Bermudez; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 137, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 143, 1900 — Minca and Cacagualito; idem, I.e., 21, p. 282, 1905 — Bonda (nest and eggs descr.). Blacicus andinus (not Empidonax andinus TACZANOWSKI) OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 336, 1899 — part, Colombia east to Trinidad. Blacicus brachytarsus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 25, 1906 — Caparo, Pointe Gourde, and Valencia, Trinidad. Horizopus brachytarsus CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 190, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad. Myiochanes brachytarsus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 526, 1907 — part, Colombian, Venezuelan, and Trinidad references and localities; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 363, 1908 — Aripo and Carenage, Trinidad; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 474, 1917 — El Con- suelo, above Honda. Myiochanes cinereus andinus (not Empidonax andinus TACZANOWSKI) HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 131, 1912 — part, Venezuela (excl. Altagracia) and Trinidad; idem and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 84, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo. Myiochanes brachytarsus subsp. TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 352, 1922 — Don Diego, Minca, Dibulla, and Mamatoco, Santa Marta region. Range: Island of Trinidad; north coast of Venezuela, east to Ber- mudez, west to M6rida; Colombia (Santa Marta region; Magdalena Valley; Bogota). 6: Venezuela (Caracas 3, Macuto, Caracas i; Maracay, Aragua i). less dusky; lower surface decidedly paler, the chest less shaded with grayish, the abdomen lighter yellowish in the middle. Wing (male) 73-79, (female) 70^-75 ; tail 64-70; bill 12-13. Material examined. — Trinidad: Caparo 19, Aripo 2, Valencia i, Carenage 2, Chaguaramas i, Macacas i. Venezuela: vicinity of Cumana, Bermudez 6; Caracas 4; Maracay, Aragua 2; Las Quiguas, Carabobo i; Mts. near Bucarito, Tocuyo, Lara i. Colombia: Bogota 2. • Except for an obvious pen-slip — it should read "secunda et tertia [remigibusj inter se aequalibus" instead of "prima et tertia " — Bonaparte's short diagnosis applies fairly well to the Pewee of northern South America. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 197 Myiochanes cinereus canescens Chapman*. CHAPMAN'S PEWEE. Myiochanes uigrescns canescens CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Nov., 231, p. 7, 1926 — Rio Negro, Dept. San Martin, Peru. Range: Northeastern Peru (Rio Negro, between Chachapoyas and Moyobamba, Dept, San Martin). Myiochanes cinereus nigrescens Sclater and Salvinb. BLACKISH PEWEE. Myiochanes nigrescens SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 157 — Sara- yacu, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 246, 1888 — Gualaquiza and Sarayacu; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 13, 1899 — Rio Santiago, Ecuador. Myiochanes cinereus nigrescens HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 132, 1912 — eastern Ecuador (diag.). Range: Eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu, Gualaquiza, Rio Santiago). *Myiochanes cinereus punensis (Lawrence)0. LAWRENCE'S PEWEE. Contopus punensis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., N. Y., 9, p. 236, 1869 — Puna Island, Ecuador ( = juv.); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 474 — Lechugal, Prov. Tumbez; idem. I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Callacate (spec, examined); idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 319, 1884 — Junin, Lechugal, Chota, and Callacate; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 558 — Guayaquil (spec, examined); SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 12, 1895 — Cajabamba, Vina, Succha, and Chusgon (Huamachuco). Empidonax andinus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 539 — vicinity of Junin, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 235 — Chota, Peru (spec, examined). Contopus brachytarsus (not Empidonax brachytarsus SCLATER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 240, 1888 — part, spec, c', Chota. • Myiochanes cinereus canescens CHAPMAN: "Resembling M. c. nigrescens, but grayer throughout, the crown dark mouse gray instead of black, the under parts deep neutral gray, instead of dark mouse gray." (Chapman I.e.). b Myiochanes cinereus nigrescens SCLATER and SALVIN: Nearest to M. c. cinereus, but crown deep black instead of sooty black; back and wing-coverts darker, more sooty gray, and under parts uniform light sooty gray, without any yellowish tinge on anal region and under tail-coverts. Wing (one adult) 70; tail 62; bill 13. Material examined. — Ecuador: Sarayacu i. 0 Myiochanes cinereus punensis (LAWRENCE) : In coloration closely similar to M. c. bogotensis, but bill much larger; upper parts somewhat more grayish (almost smoke gray) and light wing-bands more pronounced. Wing (male) 73-76, (female) 68-70; tail 64-69; bill 14-15. With the more satisfactory material now available I have no difficulty in sep- arating the Peruvian birds from those of the Venezuelan north coast to which I had formerly applied the name E. andinus. An authentic specimen of the latter in the British Museum agrees with our own series, and two skins from Guayaquil (C. punensis} do not differ either as far as I can see. Lawrence's term, thus, becomes the proper appellation of the large-billed Pacific form of the South American Pewee. Material examined. — Ecuador: Guayaquil 2. Peru: Chota (Empidonax andinus TACZANOWSKI) i, Callacate i, Hacienda Limon 5, Hacienda Lkgueda 2, Choquisongo 2, Santa Eulalia 2. 198 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Contopus virens (not Muscicapa virens LINNAEUS) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 238, 1888 — part, spec. r',s', Puna Island. Blacicus punensis OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 336, 1899 — Puna Island. Blacicus andinus OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 336, 1899 — part, Peru. Myiochanes punensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 512, 1907 — western Ecuador and northwestern Peru (diag.) ; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Huancabamba, Peru. Myiochanes b[rachytarsus\ punensis BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 128, in text, 1908 — Guayaquil (crit.). Myiochanes cinereus punensis HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 132, 1912 — western Ecuador. Myiochanes cinereus andinus HELLMAYR, I.e., p. 131, 1912 — part, Choquisongo and Junin, Peru. Range : Southwestern Ecuador (from Manabi south) and Peru (in depts. Tumbez, Piura, Cajamarca, Libertad, Lima, and Junin). 9: Peru (Hacienda Limon, ten miles west of Balsas 5, Hacienda Llagueda, northeast of Otuzco, Dept. Libertad 2 ; Santa Eulalia, Dept. Lima 2). Myiochanes cinereus rhizophora Dwigkt and Griscom*. GUANACASTE PEWEE. Myiochanes brachytarsus rhizophora DWIGHT and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 142, p. 3, 1924 — Punta Piedra, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Range: Pacific coast of Costa Rica, in Province of Guanacaste (Punta Piedra). ^Myiochanes cinereus brachytarsus (Sclater). SHORT-LEGGED PEWEE. Empidonax brachytarsus SCLATER, Ibis, i, p. 441, 1859 — Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Contopus schottii LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 202, 1869 — M6rida, Yucatan. Contopus depressirostris RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 6, p. 403, footnote, April 1884 — Los Sabalos, Nicaragua. Contopus brachytarsus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 240, 1888 — part, spec. a-v, Santecomapam and Cordoba (Mexico), Yucatan, Cozumel Island, Guatemala, Calovevora, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 86, 1889 — part, Mexico to Panama. Blacicus brachytarsus OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 336, 1899 — southeastern Mexico. • Myiochanes cinereus rhizophora DWIGHT and GRISCOM: Stated to differ from M . c. brachytarsus by being pale brownish gray above with no tinge of olive and paler below, having the sides of breast and chest plain gray, not brownish or olivaceous, and the rest of the under parts white, perceptibly tinged with yellow only on the flanks, and by its very short bill. This form unknown to me was based on two specimens from the Mangrove jungle of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 199 Blacicus andinus (not of TACZANOWSKI) OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 336, 1899 — part, Pacific side of Mexico and Central America. Myiochanes brachytarsus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 526, 1907 — part, Central American references and localities; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — San Jose1, Patulul, and Maza- tenango, Guatemala; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 701, 1910 — Costa Rica (crit); PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Camp Mengel, Terr. Quin- tana Roo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 267 — Gatun, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 317, 1924 — New Culebra, Panama. Myiochanes cinereus brachytarsus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 132, 1912 — Mexico to Panama. Range: Southeastern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, and Chiapas) and south- ward through Guatemala, British Honduras, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica (except Pacific coast) to Panama (Canal Zone). 8: Guatemala (San Jose", Esquintla 2, Patulul, Solola 3, Mazaten- ango i); Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i); Panama (Colon i). Myiochanes fumigatus brachyrhynchus (Cohanis)*. SHORT-BILLED PEWEE. Contopus brachyrhynchus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 31, p. 214, 1883 — Tucuman (type in Berlin Museum examined); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 155, 1888 — Tucuman; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 236, 1888 — Tucuman. Horizopus brachyrhynchus OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 332, 1899 — Tucuman; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — Tafi Viejo, Tucuman; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 478, 1907 (crit.). Horizopus ardesiacus (not Tyrannula ardosiaca LAFRESNAYE) BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 256, 1904 — Oran, Salta. Horizopus fumigatus brachyrhynchus HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 203, 1909 — Tafi, Tucuman and Ledesma, Jujuy (spec, examined). Horizopus fumigatus subsp. brachyrhynchus LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 42, 1 909 — Tucuman. » Myiochanes fumigatus brachyrhynchus (CABANIS) : Similar to M . f. fumigatus, but much paler throughout; hind neck, back, and sides of the head light smoke gray tinged with olive instead of sooty gray; crown hardly darker than the back; under parts likewise paler grayish, the throat suffused with whitish, and the middle of the belly extensively yellowish white, etc. Wing (male) 98-101, (female) 93; tail 82-85, (female) 79; bill 16-17. This is the palest among the races of M. fumigatus, being much lighter colored below than even M. f. cineraceus, with the yellowish white abdominal area much more extensive. Material examined. — Argentina, Jujuy: Ledesma 3; Tucuman (the type) i, Vipos i, Tafi Viejo i. 200 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiochanes fumigatus subsp. brachyrhynchus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 347, 1910 — Tucuman. Myiochanes fumigatus brachyrhynchus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 246, 1913 — northwestern Argentina (char., crit.). Range: Subtropical Zone of northwestern Argentina (in prov. Jujuy, Salta, and Tucuman). Myiochanes fumigatus fumigatus (Lafrestiaye and UOrbigny). SMOKE- COLORED PEWEE. Tyrannus fumigatus LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 43, 1837 — Yungas, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois., p. 307, 1839 — Irupana, Prov. Yungas. Contopus ardesiacus (not Tyrannula ardosiaca LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 615— Tilotilo, Bolivia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., Mus., 14, p. 237, 1888 — part, spec. 1, m, Tilotilo; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 87, 1889 — Mapiri, Bolivia. Myiochanes fumigatus fumigatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 245, 246, 1913 — Yungas, San Antonio,. Songo, Tilotilo, Bolivia (crit., char.); idem, I.e., 32, p. 21, 1925 — Bolivia (note on type); CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 4, 1924 — Santo Domingo, Peru and Incachaca, Todos Santos, Mapiri, and California, Bolivia. Range: Subtropical Zone of extreme southeastern Peru (Santo Domingo, Sierra of Carabaya, Dept. Puno) and Bolivia (in depts. La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz)s. *Myiochanes fumigatus ardosiacus (Lafresnaye)b. SLATE-COLORED PEWEE. Tyrannula ardosiaca LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 7, p. 80, 1844 — "Colombie" = Bogota. Sayornis ardosiaca SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota. Contopus ardesiacus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 515 — Medellin and Santa Elena, Antioquia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 539 — Paltaypampa and Auquimarca, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 235 — Tambillo; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Cococh6; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 317, 1884 — Paltaypampa, Auqui- marca, Tambillo, Cococh6, Ninabamba; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 92 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 237, 1888 — part, spec. d-g,j,k, Me"rida, Bogota, Medellin, Santa Elena, •Material examined. — Bolivia: Yungas (the type) i, Tilotilo i, Songo i, San Antonio 3. b Myiochanes fumigatus ardosiacus (LAFRESNAYE) : Closely allied to M . f. fumi- gatus, but decidedly darker, more slate gray, particularly below. Material examined. — Peru: Molinopampa 2, Tambillo i, Chanchamayo i. Ecuador: Mapoto i, Machay i. Colombia: Bogotd 6, Medellin i. Venezuela, Andes of Meiida: Rio Mucuj6n i, La Hechisera i, MeYida i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 201 Ninabamba, Tambillo; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 367 — Chanchamayo and Garita del Sol, Peru; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 707 — part, Baeza (crit.). Myiochanes ardesiacus SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 232, 1862 — part, spec, b, Bogotd; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — Me'rida. Myiochanes fumigatus ardosiacus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 246, 1913 — part, Peru, Colombia, and western Venezuela (Me'rida) ; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35» P- 455» I9J8 — Tabaconas, Peru. Myiochanes ardosiacus ardosiacus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 473, 1917 — Paramillo Trail, San Antonio, Cerro Munchique, Gallera, Ricaurte, Buenavista (Narifio), Salento, Rio Toche^ La Palma, near San Agustin, La Candela, Fusugasuga, Aguadita, El Roble, and Palo Hueco, Colombia; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 98, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge and Torontoy, Urubamba region. Myiochanes fumigatus ardosiacus CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 4, 1924 — Urubamba Canyon, Chelpes (Vitoc), Utcuyacu (above La Merced), Rumicruz, and Chaupe, n. e. of Huancabamba, Peru ; Baeza, eastern Ecuador ; Colombia ; Me'rida region. Range: Subtropical Zone of Peru (except extreme southeastern and northwestern sections), eastern Ecuador, Colombia (except Santa Marta region), and western Venezuela (Andes of Me'rida). 3: Peru (Molinopampa 2); Venezuela (Rio Mucujon, Me'rida i). *Myiochanes fumigatus zarumae Chapman*. ZARUMA PEWEE. Myiochanes fumigatus zarumae CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 4, 1924 — above Zaruma, Prov. El Oro, western Ecuador. Contopus ardesiacus (not Tyrannula ardosiaca LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., 28, p. 92, 1860 — Perucho and Puellaro; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 558 — Chimbo; idem, I.e., 1884, p. 297 — Cayandeled and Bugnac (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 237, 1888 — part, spec, h, i, Pallatanga; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 12, 1899 — Nanegal; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 707 — part, Gualea. Myiochanes ardesiacus SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 232, 1862 — part, spec, a, Pallatanga. Myiochanes fumigatus ardosiacus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 246, 1913 — part, western Ecuador. • Myiochanes fumigatus zarumae CHAPMAN: Very near M. f. fumigatus, of Bolivia, but smaller; upper parts grayer, less olivaceous, cap more blackish; under parts grayer, the throat and lower abdomen less tinged with yellowish; not unlike M. f. ardosiacus, of Colombia and eastern Ecuador, but under parts rather paler and slightly olivaceous, the throat, center of abdomen, and under tail-coverts more suffused with whitish. Wing (male) 92, (female) 86-88; tail 78, (female) 72-74. Material examined. — Ecuador: Cayandeled 2, Gualea 2, unspecified i. 2O2 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Subtropical Zone of western Ecuador and extreme north- western Peru (Palambla, Dept. Piura). i : Ecuador (unspecified i). Myiochanes fumigatus cineraceus (Lafresnaye)*. GRAYISH PEWEE. Tyrannula cineracea LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., n, p. 7, 1848 — Caracas. Myiochanes ardosiacus polioptilus TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, p. 208, 1912 — Lagunita de Aroa, State of Lara, Venezuela. Myiochanes ardosiacus cineraceus BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 63, p. 28, 1919 (crit. note on type). Myiochanes fumigatus cineraceus CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 4, 1924 — Lagunita de Aroa, Lara and Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Venezuela, in states of Lara (Lagunita de Aroa) and Carabobo (Cumbre de Valencia) and in Dept. Federal Occidental (Loma Redonda and Galipdn, Cerro del Avila, Cara- cas range) b. ^Myiochanes lugubris (Lawrence)'. LUGUBRIOUS PEWEE. Contopus lugubris LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 134, 1867 — • Barranca, Costa Rica; idem, I.e., 9, p. 115, 1868 — Barranca, Birris, and Dota, Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 236, 1888 — Costa Rica and "Veragua" = Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 83, 1889 — Costa Rica and Chiriqui. Horizopus lugubris OBERHOLSER, Auk, 16, p. 332, 1899 (crit.); BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 39, 1902 — Boquete and Volcan de Chiriqui. Myiochanes lugubris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 516, 1907 — Costa Rica and western Panama (monog.); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Coliblanco, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 704, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits). Range: Subtropical Zone of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui) . a Myiochanes fumigatus cineraceus (LAFRESNAYE) : Nearest to M. /. ardosiacus, but under parts decidedly paler, about mouse gray; chin and throat strongly suffused with whitish ; center of abdomen white; under tail-coverts whiter, the dusky markings being much reduced; upper parts generally paler; outer web of outermost rectrix whitish. Wing (male) 91-93, (female) 86-89; tail 81, (female) 77; bill 15-16. Material examined. — Venezuela, Carabobo: Cumbre de Valencia i. Dept. Federal Occidental: Loma Redonda 2, Galipan, Cerro del Avila 6. b In the mountains of British Guiana (Roraima, Twek-Quay) an additional race exists which I am unable to determine. Two specimens in worn plumage so closely resemble M. f. zarumae that I cannot find a single character of distinction either in size or color. To this doubtful form refer Contopus ardesiacus SALVIN (Ibis, 1885, p. 298 — Roraima) and SCLATER (Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 237, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Roraima, Twek-Quay), and Horizopus ardesiacus CHUBB (Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 224, 1921 — same localities). e Probably conspecific with M. fumigatus. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 203 3: Costa Rica (Coliblanco 2); Panama (Boquete, Chiriqui i). Myiochanes ochraceus (Sclater and Salvin)*. OCHRACEOUS PEWEE. Contopus ochraceus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 419 — Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 237, 1888 — Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 84, pi. 38, fig. 2, 1889 — Costa Rica. Myiochanes ochraceus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 517, 1907 — high mountains of Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 703, 1910 — Volcanoes Irazu and Turrialba, Costa Rica. Range: High mountains of Costa Rica (Volcanoes Irazti and Tur- rialba). ^Myiochanes pertinax pertinax (Cabanis and Heine). SWAINSON'S PEWEE. Contopus pertinax CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hem., 2, p. 72, 1859 — Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 235, 1888 — Plains of Co- lima, Ciudad Durango, and Jalapa (Mexico), Volcan de Agua and Volcan de Fuego (Guatemala). Contopus musicus (not Tyrannula musica SwAiNSONb) SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 81, 1889 — part, Colima, Guerrero, Vera Cruz, Guatemala, and British Honduras. Myiochanes pertinax pertinax RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 513, 1907 — central and southern Mexico, Guatemala, and British Honduras (monog.). Myiochanes pertinax DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — Lake Atitlan to Tecpam, Guatemala. Range: Central and southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Pueblo, Mexico, San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Durango, Morelos, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Michoacan, Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, and Tepic) and southward over highlands of Guatemala to British Honduras. 10: Mexico (unspecified i); Guatemala (Lake Atitlan 6, near Tec- pam 3). ^Myiochanes pertinax pallidiventris (Chapman). COUES'S PEWEE. Contopus pertinax pallidiventris CHAPMAN, Auk, 14, p. 310, 1897 — Pima County, Arizona. Contopus musicus (not Tyrannula musica SWAINSON) SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 81, 1889 — part, Sonora, Chihuahua, and southern Arizona. • We are not acquainted with this species. b Tyrannula musica SWAINSON (Philos. Mag., n. s., i, p. 368, 1827 — Mexico) appears to me unidentifiable. 204 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiochanes pertinax pallidiventris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 5i5» !9O7 — northwestern Mexico and Arizona (monog.); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 78, 1911 — Rampahuila, Yerba Buena, Montelunga, Realito, and Galindo, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 42, 1914 — Arizona. Range: Mountains of southern and central Arizona and northern Mexico (in states of Durango, Chihuahua, Sonora, northern Tepic, and Tamaulipas), accidental in Colorado (Fort Lyon). 22: Arizona (Calabasas i, Rock Canyon i, Huachuca Mountains 6) ; Mexico (Babicora, Chihuahua 14). *Myiochanes pertinax minor Miller and Griscom*. LESSER SWAINSON'S PEWEE. Myiochanes pertinax minor MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 159, p. 5, 1925 — between San Rafael del Norte and Jinotega, Nicaragua. Range: Northern Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte, Jinotega). 2 : Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte 2). Genus BLACICUS Cabanis. Blacicus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 3, p. 480, 1855 — type by orig. desig. Muscipeta caribea D'ORBIGNY. *Blacicus caribaeus caribaeus (D'Orbigny). CUBAN WOOD PEWEE. Muscipeta caribaea D'ORBIGNY in Sagra, Hist. He de Cuba, Orn., p. 92, 1839 — Cuba. Blacicus caribaeus SCLATER, Cat. B. Bnt. Mus., 14, p. 242, 1888 — San Cristobal and Remedies, Cuba; CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 128, 1889 — Cuba; RIDG- WAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 533, 1907 — Island of Cuba and Isle of Pines (monog., full bibliography); TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., n, p. 250, 1916 — Los Indies, Isle of Pines. Blacicus caribaeus caribaeus B ARBOUR, Mem. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 6, p. 100, 1923 — Cuba. Range: Island of Cuba, including Isle of Pines. 8 : Cuba (San Diego de los Banos 3, near Palasios i, eastern Cuba i, unspecified 3). *Blacicus caribaeus bahamensis (Bryant). BAHAMA WOOD PEWEE. Empidonax bahamensis BRYANT, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 109, 1859 — Bahamas = Nassau, New Providence. • Myiochanes pertinax minor MILLER and GRISCOM: Similar in coloration to M. p. pertinax, but decidedly smaller. Wing 98-105, (female) 93-97; tail 77-84, (female) 74-80; bill 15-16. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 205 Blacicus bahamensis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 242, 1888 — Nassau; RILEY in Shattuck, The Bahama Islands, p. 353, 1905 — Bahamas; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 532, 1907 — Bahama Islands; TODD and WORTHINGTON, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 7, p. 425, 1911 — New Providence, An- dros, and Abaco Islands; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 67, p. 203, 1925 — note on types from Nassau, New Providence in Mus. Com- parative Zoology, Cambridge. Contopus bahamensis CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 122, 1889 — Bahamas. Range: Bahama Islands (New Providence, Andros, Abaco, Little Abaco, Eleuthera, and Great Bahama Islands). 25: Bahamas (Nassau, New Providence n; Abaco i; Andros 2; Eleuthera 5; Great Bahama 6). *Blacicus caribaeus hispaniolensis (Bryant). HAITIAN WOOD PEWEE. Tyrannula cariboea (var. hispaniolensis') BRYANT, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., n, p. 91, 1867 — Santo Domingo. Contopus frazari CORY, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 94, 1883 — Santo Domingo. Sayornis dominicensis CORY, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 95, 1883 — Santo Domingo. Blacicus hispaniolensis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 242, 1888 — Samana and La Vega, San Domingo; CHERRIE, Field Columb. Mus. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 17, 1896 — San Domingo (habits); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 535, 1907 — Island of Haiti (monog.); VERRILL and VERRILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 61, p. 361, 1909 — San Domingo; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 61, p. 415, 1917 — Monte Cristi, Caspar Hernandez, and Rio San Juan, Santo Domingo. Contopus hispaniolensis CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 123, 1889 — Haiti and San Domingo. Range: Island of Haiti. 33: San Domingo (San Domingo City i, La Vega 15, Aguacate 5, Honduras 2, Samana 2, La Laguneta 3, Magua (type of Sayornis dominicensis} i, Catare i, Maiman 2, Puerto Plata (type of Contopus frazari) i. *Blacicus caribaeus pallidus (Gosse). JAMAICAN WOOD PEWEE. Myiobius pallidus GOSSE, Birds Jamaica, p. 166, 1847 — Jamaica; idem, Illustr. Birds Jam., pi. 40, 1849. Rhynchocyclus cervineiventris SALVADOR!, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., 7, p. 153. 1864 — "Brazil"; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 175, footnote (crit.). Blacicus pallidus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 243, 1888 — Moneague and near Spanish Town, Jamaica; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 536, 1907 — Jamaica (monog.). 206 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Contopus pattidus CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 121, 1889 — Jamaica. Range : Island of Jamaica. 5: Jamaica (Kingston 3, St. Anns i, Maryland, St. Andrew i). *Blacicus latirostris latirostris ( Verreaux). SANTA LUCIA WOOD PEWEE. Myiobius latirostris VERREAUX, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., 2, Bull., p. 22, pi. 3, fig. 2, 1866 — "Sainte Lucie, dans la Nouvelle Grenade" (sic). Blacicus latirostris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 244, 1888 — Santa Lucia; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 539, 1907 — Santa Lucia (monog.). Contopus latirostris CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 122, 1889 — Santa Lucia. Range : Island of Santa Lucia. 6: Santa Lucia 6. *Blacicus latirostris brunneicapillus Lawrence. DOMINICAN WOOD PEWEE. Blacicus brunneicapillus LAWRENCE, Ann. New York Ac. Sci., i, "1879," p. 161, July 1878 — Dominica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 243, 1888 — Dominica and Guadeloupe; CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 129, 1889 — Dominica; VERRILL, Trans. Conn. Ac. Sci., 8, p. 336, 1892 — Dominica (nest and eggs descr.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 538, 1907 — Dominica, Guadeloupe, and Martinique (monog.); NOBLE, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 382, 1916 — Guadeloupe. Blacicus martinicensis CORY, Auk, 4, p. 96, 1887 — Martinique; idem, Birds West Indies, p. 294, 1889 — Martinique. Range : Islands of Dominica, Guadeloupe, and Martinique. 1 2 : Dominica 4 ; Guadeloupe 4 ; Martinique 4. *Blacicus latirostris blancoi Cabanis. PORTO RICAN WOOD PEWEE. Blacicus blancoi CABANIS', Journ. Orn., 23, p. 224, 1875 — Porto Rico; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 243, 1888 — Porto Rico; CORY, Birds West Indies, p. 129, 1889 — Porto Rico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 537, 1907 — Porto Rico (monog.) ; WETMORE, U. S. Dept. Agric., Bull., 326, p. 83, 1916 — Porto Rico (habits, food). Range: Island of Porto Rico. 2: Porto Rico (Mayaquez 2). Genus EMPIDONAX Cabanis. Empidonax CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 3, p. 480, 1855 — type by monotypy Empidonax pusillus CABANIS (not Tyrannula pusilla Sw Alison) =Platyrhynchos virescens VIEILLOT. • Blacicus blancoi GUNDLACH (Journ. Orn., 22, p. 311, 1874) is a nomen nudum. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 207 *Empidonax flaviventris (Baird). YELLOW-BELLIED FLYCATCHER. Tyrannula flaviventris (W. M. and S. F.) BAIRD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, p. 283, 1843 — Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Empidonax hypoxanthus BAIRD, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 9, p. 198, 1858 — new name for Tyrannula flaviventris BAIRD. Muscicapa flaviventris ATJDUBON, Birds Amer., oct. ed., 7, p. 341, pi. 490, 1844. Empidonax flaviventris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 230, 1888 — North America to Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 549, 1907 — eastern North America south to Panama (monog., full bibliography); TOWNSEND and ALLEN, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 33, p. 379, 1907 — southwestern Labrador; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca and Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 104, 1907 — Los Amates, Mazatenango, and Patulul, Guatemala; FERRY, I.e., p. 268, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 700, 1910 — Costa Rica; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Tamau- lipas, Mexico;, NOBLE, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 553, 1919 — New- foundland. Range : Canadian Zone from northern Alberta, Manitoba, Quebec, and Newfoundland south to North Dakota, northern Minnesota, Michi- gan, New York, Pennsylvania, and New Hampshire ; in migration west to the eastern border of the Great Plains, eastern Texas, and eastern Mexico ; winters from southern Mexico and Guatemala to Panama. 51: Ontario (Parry Sound i); Wisconsin (Beaver Dam 3); Maine (Upton i) ; New Jersey (Englewood 3) ; Illinois (Chicago 7, Lake Forest 7, Lyons 2, Fox Lake i, Henry i, Mount Carmel i, Palos 2, Beach 4, Joliet i); Florida (Key West i); Guatemala (Patulul, Solola 8, Los Amates, Izabel 2, Mazatenango i); Costa Rica (Boruca i, Guayabo 4). *Empidonax virescens ( Vieillot}. GREEN-CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Platyrhynchos virescens VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. eel., 27, p. 22, 1818 — based on Muscicapa querula WILSON (not of VIEILLOT 1807), Amer. Orn., 2, p. 77, pi. 13, 1810, near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Empidonax griseigularis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 471, 1862 — Panama. Empidonax acadicus (not Muscicapa acadica GMELIN 1789) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 228, 1888 — eastern North America south to western Ecuador. Empidonax virescens BREWSTER, Auk, 12, p. 157, 1895 (crit.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 552, 1907 — eastern United States south to Ecuador (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 699, 1910 — Costa Rica; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1136 — Pueblo Rico and Sipi, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 473, 1917 — Juntas de Tamana, Los Cisneros, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Rio Frio, and Puerto Valdivia, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., J4» P- 350, 1922 — Onaca, Santa Marta region. ao8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Eastern North America, breeding from upper limit of Carolinian Zone in northeastern Nebraska, central Iowa, Michigan, northern Ontario, New York, Connecticut, and Massachusetts south to Texas, the Gulf States, and northern Florida; migrating through eastern Mexico and Central America (accidental in the Bahamas and Cuba) and wintering in Colombia and western Ecuador. 30: New Jersey (Englewood 3); Illinois (Chicago i, Lake Forest 2, Grand Chain 3, Olive Branch 4, Joliet 6) ; Indiana (Illinois, Kankakee River i); Iowa (Hillsboro i); Maryland (Knox County 2); North Carolina (Raleigh 3); Georgia (Camden County i); Florida (Gaines- ville i, Key West i); Costa Rica (Orosi i). *Empidonax traillii traillii (Audubon). TRAILL'S FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa traillii AUDUBON, Birds America, folio ed., I, pi. 45, 1828; idem, Orn. Biog., i, p. 236, 1831 — woods along the prairie lands of the Arkansas River, Arkansas (type in U. S. National Museum). Empidonax 'trailli SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 226, 1888 — eastern North America. Empidonax traillii alnorum BREWSTER, Auk, 12, p. 161, 1895 — Upton, Maine; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 558, 1907 — northeastern North America (monog., full bibliography); TOWNSEND and ALLEN, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 33, p. 379, 1907 — southwestern Labrador; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 699, 1910 — Costa Rica; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 473, 1916 — Dabeiba, Turbaco, Calamar, Puerto Berrio, and Honda, Colombia; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 98, 1921 — Cuzco, Peru; SAUNDERS, Pacif. Coast Avif., 14, p. 88, 1921 — eastern Montana. (?) Empidonax ridgwayi SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 50 — Bogota; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 227, 1888 — Bogota. Empidonax traillii traillii OBERHOLSER, Ohio Journ. Sci., 18, p. 85, 1918 (range, char., crit.). Range: Northeastern America, breeding from New Jersey, New England States, New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, and extreme eastern Montana north to Newfoundland, Quebec, northern Mackenzie, Alaska, and British Columbia, south to Arkansas, Kentucky, and Maryland; mi- grating southward through Mexico and Central America to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and northern Argentina (Embercaci6n, Salta). 26: Maine (Upton 2); Connecticut (East Hartford 2); New York (Peterboro i); Ohio (Columbus i); Illinois (Chicago 3, Mound City 2, Beach i); Wisconsin (Beaver Dam 8); Florida (Key West 2); Mexico (Colima i); Costa Rica (Limon i. Tuan Vinas i); Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Huanuco i). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 209 *Empidonax traillii brewsteri Oberholser. WESTERN TRAILL'S FLY- CATCHER. (?) Empidonax bolivianus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 86, 1889 — Yungas, Bolivia*. Empidonax traillii brewsteri OBERHOLSER, Ohio Journ. Sci., 18, p. 93, 1918 — Cloverdale, Nye County, Nevada (crit., range); TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 350, 1922 — Bonda, Buritaca, Mamatoco, Tucurinca, and Fundaci<5n, Colombia. Empidonax pusilius (not Tyrannula pusilla SwAiNSONb) SCLATER Cat. B. Brit., Mus., 14, p. 225, 1888 — western North America. Empidonax traillii traillii (not Muscicapa traillii AUDUBON) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 555, 1907 — western North America (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 699, 1910 — Costa Rica; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Matamoros and Guiaves, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 42, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 92, 1915 — California; SAUNDERS, I.e., 14, p. 88, 1921 — western Montana; TOWNSEND, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 48, p. 17, 1923 — San Bernardo Mountains, Lower California. Empidonax traillii DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 104, 1907 — Los Amates, Mazatenango, and San Jos6, Guatemala. Range: Western North America, breeding from southern British Columbia, western Montana, and Idaho south to the northern edge of Lower California, Sonora, Durango, and New Mexico, east to Colorado, Oklahoma, and Texas, wintering in southern Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and Bolivia. 27: Utah (Provo River, Utah Lake i); Colorado (near Denver i, Fort Lyon 6); Arizona (Calabasas 2); Texas (Fort Worth 2); Mexico (Matamoros, Tamaulipas i); Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel 5, San Jose", Esquintla i, Mazatenango i) ; Costa Rica (San Jose* i) ; Venezuela (Encontrados, Zulia 5); Colombia (El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose* de Cucuta, Santander i). ^Empidonax minimus (Baird). LEAST FLYCATCHER. (?) Muscicapa acadica GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 947, 1789 — based on Lesser Crested Flycatcher PENNANT, Arctic Zool., 2, p. 386, Nova Scotia. Tyrannula minima (W. M. and S. F.) BAIRD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., I, p. 284, 1843 — Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Empidonax minimus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 227, 1888 — eastern North America, southwards in winter to Peru; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.- • Mr. L. Griscom (in litt.) expresses his belief that the type is "nothing but a young Traill's Flycatcher (the western race) in its first winter plumage, though it is a trifle smaller than any specimen from North America in the collection," and I am afraid the name brewsteri will have to give way to E. traillii bolivianus ALLEN. b Tyrannula pusilla SWAINSON (Philos. Magaz., n. s., i, p. 366, 1827 — maritime parts of Mexico) is undeterminable. aio FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Amer., Aves, 2, p. 72, 1889 — eastern North America south to Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 561, 1907 — eastern North America, in winter south to Peru and Grand Cayman Island (monog., full bibliography); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 104, 1907 — Los Amates, El Rancho, Lake Amatitlan, Patulul, San Jose1, Maza- tenango, and Lake Atitlan, Guatemala; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Matamoros, Rio Martinez, Rio Cruz, Caballeros, Alta Mira, and Santa Leonor, Tamaulipas, Mexico; PETERS, I.e., 30, p. 376, 1913 — Santa Lucia, Xcopen, and Camp Mengel, Terr. Quintana Roo, Mexico; SAUNDERS, Pacif. Coast Avif., 14, p. 88, 1921 — eastern Montana. Empidonax pectoralis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 402, 1866 — Lion Hill, Panama. Empidonax gracilis RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc Wash., 3, p. 23, 1885 — Cozumel Island, Yucatan. Range : Breeding from Mackenzie, southern Keewatin, Quebec, and Cape Breton Island south to eastern Montana, eastern Wyoming, cen- tral Nebraska, Iowa, Indiana, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and in the Alleghenies to North Carolina, in migration west to Colorado and Texas; wintering from Mexico south to Panama and Peru (Marafion Valley), accidental in Grand Cayman Island, West Indies. 75: Maine (Upton i); Massachusetts (Dedham i); Connecticut (East Hartford 10); New Jersey (Englewood i); Wisconsin (Milton i, Woodruff, Vilas County 4, Beaver Dam n); Illinois (Joliet 4, Lake George i, Chicago 7, Fox Lake 3, Lake Forest 7, Beach 4); Colorado (Fort Lyon 2); Mexico (Iguala, Guerrero i; Merida, Yucatan i); Guatemala (Lake Amatitlan 2, Mazatenango i, Laguna i, Lake Atitlan i, El Rancho, Zacapa 6, San Jose, Esquintla i, Los Amates, Izabel 2, Patulul, Solola 2). *Empidonax hammondii (Xantus). HAMMOND'S FLYCATCHER. Tyrannula hammondii XANTUS, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 10, p. 117, 1858 — Fort Tejon, southern California. Empidonax hammondii BAIRD, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 9, (ed. 1860), p. 199, pi. 76, fig. i; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 232, 1888 — western North America; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 76, 1889 — western North America, Mexico, and Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 565, 1907 — western North America, in migration southwards to Guatemala; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — Tecpam, Guatemala; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Galindo, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 42, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL,!.C., n,p.92, 1915 — California; SAUNDERS, I.e., 14, p. 89, 1921 — west- ern Montana; SWARTH, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 226, 1922 — Stikine River. Range: Western North America, breeding from southeastern Alaska, southern Yukon, and central Alberta south to Colorado; migrating through California, Arizona, and New Mexico, and wintering in Mexico and Guatemala. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. an 8: Colorado (El Paso County i); New Mexico (Members 2); Arizona (Santa Rita Mountains i); California (Riverside i, Lodi i, Pasadena i); Guatemala (near Tecpam i). *Empidonax wrightii Baird. WRIGHT'S FLYCATCHER. Empidonax obscurus (not Tyrannula obscura SWAINSON*) BAIRD, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 9, p. 200, 1858 — El Paso, Texas; idem, Rep. U. S. and Mex. Bound. Surv., 2, Part 2, p. 9, pi. n, fig. 3, 1859 — El Paso; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 232, 1888 — part; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 77, 1889 — North America and Mexico. Empidonax wrightii BAIRD, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 9, p. 200, in text, 1858 — El Paso, Texas; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 567, 1907 — western United States, in winter south to Mexico (monog., full bibliography); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Galindo, Tamaulipas, Mexico; GRINNELL and SWARTH, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 10, p. 256, 1913 — San Jacinto region, California (crit.); SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 43, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 93, 1915 — California (range); SAUNDERS, I.e., 14, p. 90, 1921 — Montana. Empidonax griseus (not of BREWSTER) GRINNELL, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 5, p. 78, 1908 — San Bernardino Mts., California (habits, nest and eggs descr.). Range: Western United States, breeding from southern British Columbia and southwestern Saskatchewan south to southern California (San Gabriel, San Bernardino, San Jacinto, and Santa Rosa Moun- tains), (?) Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas, and east to eastern base of Rocky Mountains, wintering from northern to southern Mexico. 3: Oregon (Beaverton i); Montana (Bozeman i); Colorado (Hot Sulphur Springs i). ^Empidonax griseus Brewsterb. GRAY FLYCATCHER. Empidonax griseus BREWSTER, Descr. Supp. New Birds from W. N. Amer. and Mexico, p. 87, Jan. 31, 1889 — La Paz, Lower California; idem, Auk, 6, p. 87, April 1889 — La Paz; idem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 41, p. 122, 1902 — Cape San Lucas district, Santa Margarita Island, Comondu, southern Arizona, and Mexico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 571, 1907 — part, except breeding records from southern California; GRINNELL and SWARTH, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 10, p. 259, 1913 — Cabezon, northern base of San Jacinto Mountains, southern California; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 43, 1913 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 93, 1914 — California (on migra- tion, crit.). 11 Tyrannula obscura SWAINSON (Philos. Magaz., n. s., i, p. 367, 1827 — Mexico) appears to be undeterminable (see Brewster, Auk, 6, p. 88-89, 1889). b This and the three following species are possibly geographic races of E. wrightii, but it would be hazardous to employ trinominal nomenclature until we know more about their breeding ranges. 212 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Empidonax canescens SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 79, Feb. 1889 — Mexicalcingo, near City of Mexrco; NELSON, Auk, 21, p. 80, 1904 (crit., range). Range: Southern California, southern Arizona and New Mexico, south to southern end of the Mexican tableland'. 6: New Mexico (Members 3, Tucker River i) ; Guerrero (Iguala 2). *Empidonax pulverius Brewster. SIERRA MADRE FLYCATCHER. Empidonax pulverius BREWSTER, Descr. Supp. New Birds from W. N. Amer. and Mexico, p. 86, Jan. 31, 1889 — Pinos Altos, Chihuahua, Mexico; idem, Auk, 6, p. 86, 1889 — Pinos Altos; NELSON, Auk, 18, p. 48, 1901 — part, pine forests of the Sierra Madre of western Mexico from Chihuahua to Jalisco and Zacatecas (excl. Tamaulipas); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 572» I9°7 — northwestern Mexico (monog.). Empidonax affinis (not Tyrannula affinis SWAINSON) SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 78, 1889 — part, Sonora, Durango, and Zacatecas. Range : Pine forests of northwestern Mexico, in states of Chihuahua, Sonora, Durango, Zacatecas, and Jalisco. 2: Chihuahua (thirty miles west of Mifiaca 2) Empidonax fulvipectus Lawrence. FULVOUS-BREASTED FLYCATCHER. (?) Tyrannula affinis SWAINSON, Philos. Mag., (n. s.), i, p. 367, 1827 — "maritime parts of Mexico." Empidonax fulvipectus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. Nat. Hist., 10, p. n, Feb. 1871 — City of Mexico; SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, p. 310 (crit.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 573, 1907 — southern Mexico (monog., full bibliography). Empidonax affinis SALVIN, Cat. Strickland Coll., p. 314, 1882 — Cinco Senores, Oaxaca (crit.) ; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 78, 1889 — part, states of Guerrero, Mexico, and Oaxaca; NELSON, Auk, 18, p. 48, 1901 — pine forests on southern border of the Mexican tableland from the valley of Mexico to Orizaba and Sierra Madre of Guerrero. Empidonax obscurus (not of SWAINSON) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 232, 1888 — part, La Parada, Mexico. Range: Pine forests of southern Mexico, in states of Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz, Mexico, Morelos, Guerrero, and Oaxaca. *Empidonax trepidus Nelson. CHANCOL FLYCATCHER. Empidonax trepidus NELSON, Auk, 18, p. 47, 1901 — Hacienda Chancol, Guate- mala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 575, 1907 — northeastern a It is impossible to indicate, with any degree of certainty, its breeding area sup- posed to comprise a large portion of the Mexican tableland. According to J. Grin- nell's latest view, the birds breeding in the mountains of southern California, for- merly identified as E. griseus, are more properly referable to E. wrightii. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 213 Mexico and Guatemala; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — Tecpam, Guatemala. Range: Pine forests of northeastern Mexico (in State of Coahuila, possibly across to Jalisco), migrating south to Chiapas and Guatemala, i : Guatemala (Sierra Santa Elena, alt. 9500 ft., i). *Empidonax difficilis difficilis Baird. WESTERN FLYCATCHER. Empidonax difficilis BAIRD, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., 9, p. 198, 1858 — Fort Tejon, California; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 229, 1888 — western North America and "western Ecuador." Empidonax insulicola OBERHOLSER, Auk, 14, p. 300, 1897 — Santa Barbara Islands, California. Empidonax bairdi perplexus NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 263, 1900 — Puerto Angel, Oaxaca. Empidonax difficilis difficilis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., so, Part 4, p. 576, 1907 — western North America (monog., full bibliography); PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 79, 1911 — Galindo, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 42, 1914 — Arizona; GRINNELL, I.e., n, p. 91, 1915 — California; HOWELL, I.e., 12, p. 65, 1917 — southern California Islands (crit.); SAUNDERS, I.e., 14, p. 87, 1921 — Montana; TOWNSEND, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 48, p. 17, 1923 — Tiburon Isl., Lower California. Range: Western North America, breeding from eastern base of Rocky Mountains and western Manitoba to Pacific coast, north to the Alaskan coast, south to southern California, New Mexico, and western Texas; wintering in Mexico south to Cape San Lucas, Tres Marias Islands, and Oaxaca. 17: Arizona (Calabasas 5, Santa Rita Mts. i, Camp Lowell i, Huachuca Mts. 3); California (Los Gatos i, Haywards i, San Ber- nardino Mts. i, Pinte Mts., Kern County 2, Pescadero i, unspecified i). *Empidonax difficilis cineritius Brewster. SAN LUCAS FLYCATCHER. Empidonax cineritius BREWSTER, Auk, 5, p. 90, 1888 — La Laguna, Lower Cali- fornia; idem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 41, p. 121, 1902 — Cape district, Lower California (habits, crit.). Empidonax difficilis cineritius RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 580, 1907 — part, Lower California (monog., full bibliography) ; TOWNSEND, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 48, p. 17, 1923 — San Josef Island and Agua Verde Bay, Lower California. Range : Lower California". 4: Lower California (Sierra Laguna 2, San Pedro Martir Moun- tains 2). •According to Grinnell (Pacific Coast Avif., n, p. 92), birds from San Diego County, California (Cuymaca Mountains), sometimes referred here, are not separable from E. d. difficilis. 214 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Empidonax difficilis bairdi Sclater. BAIRD'S FLYCATCHER. Empidonax bairdi SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26 p. 301, Nov. 1858 — Oaxaca, Mexico; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 230, 1888 — Cordoba, Mexico; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 74, 1889 — part. Empidonax difficilis bairdi RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 581, 1907 — central and southern Mexico (monog.). Empidonax bairdi occidentalis NELSON, Auk, 14, p. 53, 1897 — Pluma, Oaxaca, Mexico. Range: Highlands of central and southern Mexico (in states of Durango, Morelos, Vera Cruz, Michoacan, Guerrero, and Oaxaca). ^Empidonax difficilis salvini Ridgway*. SALVIN'S FLYCATCHER. Empidonax salvini RIDGWAY, Ibis, (5) 4, p. 459, 1886 — Calderas, Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 231, 1888 — Volcan de Agua, Calderas, Volcan de Fuego, Choctum, Coban, Vera Paz (Guatemala) and Honduras; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 75, 1889 — Guatemala and Honduras; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 582, 1907 — Guatemala, Chiapas, and Honduras; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 105, 1907 — near Tecpam, Guatemala. Range: Highlands of southeastern Mexico, in State of Chiapas (Tumbala); Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte)«>. 4 : Guatemala (near Tecpam i) ; Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte 3) . *Empidonax difficilis flavescens Lawrence. YELLOWISH FLYCATCHER. Empidonax flavescens LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 133, 1867 — Barranca, Costa Rica; idem, I.e., 9, p. 115, 1868 — Barranca, Grecia, and Quebrada Honda, Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 231, 1888 — Irazu and Dota (Costa Rica), Volcan de Chiriqui, and Calovevora, Veragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 75, 1889 — Costa Rica and western Panama; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 39, 1902 — • Boquete, Chiriqui; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 583, 1907 — Costa Rica and western Panama (monog.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 698, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and eggs descr.); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Coliblanco, Costa Rica. Empidonax viridescens RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 6, p. 413, 1884 — Cer- vantes, Costa Rica. s Empidonax salvini and E. flavescens are clearly conspecific with E. difficilis. b An adult male from San Pedro Mts., Honduras, March 1892, H. Wittkugel, in the Berlepsch Collection, agrees well with others from Guatemala. The Nicaraguan skins, by a faint buffy tinge on the chest, slightly diverge in the direction of E. d. flavescens, of Costa Rica. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 215 Range: Highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui; Veraguas). 20: Costa Rica (Coliblanco 19, Juan Viiias i). *Empidonax lawrencei lawrencei Allen11. LAWRENCE'S FLYCATCHER. Octhoeca flaviventris (not Tyrannula flaviventris BAIRD) LAWRENCE, Ann. New York Ac. Sci., 4, p. 67, 1887 — South America, we suggest Trinidad. Empidonax lawrencei ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 150, 1889 — new name for Octhoeca flaviventris LAWRENCE, preoccupied; CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 42, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 25, 1906 — Caparo, Trinidad (crit.); idem, I.e., 14, p. 49, 1907 — Teff6, Rio Solimoes; idem, I.e., p. 357, 1907 — Humaytha, Rio Madeira; idem, I.e., 17, p. 300, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 109, 1912 — Fazenda Nazareth, Isl. Mexiana; idem and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 85, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 363, 1908 — Aripo, Trinidad; idem, l.c., 2, p. 243, 1916 — Suapure, Caura River; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 389, 1914 — Rio Curua (Malocca de Manuelsinho). M yiobius flaviventris LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 229, 1866 — Trinidad. Empidochanes fuscatus (not Muscipeta fuscata WIED) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 115, 1868 — part, spec, from Borba, Feb. 7, 1830 (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 21 — part, Yurimaguas, Peru (spec, in Berlepsch Collection examined). Empidochanes olivus (not Muscicapa oliva BoDDAERTb) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — Venezuela = Carip^, Bermudez; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 313, 1884 — part, descr. "adult," Yurimaguas. Empidonax oliva SCLATER, Ibis, 1887, p. 65 — Guiana, Venezuela, and Upper Amazonia; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 224, 1888 — Guiana, Venezuela, Iquitos (Peru), and Trinidad. Empidonax pileatus (not Muscicapa pileata MULLER) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 50, 1902 — Suapure, Caura River (spec, examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 434, 1905 — Rio Jurud (spec, examined); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 292, 1907 — Rio Jurua. Empidochanes zuliensis CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 289, 1913 — Orope, Zulia, Venezuela. Empidonax lawrencei newora/w PENARD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 36, p. 63, 1923 — Lelydorp, forest near Schotelweg, Surinam. " Empidonax I. lawrencei ALLEN, while agreeing with E. euleri in structure, may easily be distinguished by its olivaceous (instead of Dresden brown) upper parts, with dusky (not rufescent) crown and much paler (less tawny) wing-bands and edges to remiges, more olivaceous chest, and much deeper yellow belly. bThe "Gobe-mouche olive, de Cayenne" of Daubenton (PI. enl. 534, fig. 2), upon which Muscicapa oliva BODDAERT (Tabl. PI. enl., p. 34, 1783) as well as Mus- cicapa pileata P. L. S. MULLER (Natursyst., Suppl., p. 172, 1776) and Mtiscicapa agilis GMELIN (Syst. Nat., I (2), p. 948, 1789) are based, appears to me unidentifiable. 216 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Island of Trinidad; Venezuela (north coast from Bermudez to Zulia; Caura Valley); Dutch Guiana; northern Brazil (Mexiana; Rio Curua; Rio Madeira; Rio Jurua; Teffe", Rio Solimoes); northern Peru (Iquitos, Yurimaguas) a. 2: Venezuela (Orope, Zulia 2). Empidonax lawrencei johnstonei Barbourb. GRENADA FLYCATCHER. Blacicus flaviventris (not Tyranmda flaviventris BAIRD) LAWRENCE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 9, p. 617, 1887 — St. Andrews, Grenada; CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 279, 1905 — Grenada; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 540, 1907 — Grenada. Empidonax johnstonei BARBOUR, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, p. 58, 1911 — Grand Etang, Grenada. Range : Island of Grenada. ^Empidonax euleri euleri (Cabanis). EULER'S FLYCATCHER. Empidochanes euleri CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 16, p. 195, 1868 — Cantagallo, Rio de Janeiro (type in Berlin Museum examined; = juv.); idem, I.e., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 332 — Sete Lagoas, Minas Geraes. Empidonax brunneus RIDGWAY in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Amer. Birds, 2, p. 363, 1874 — Parana, Paraguay (type in U. S. National Museum ex- amined"); idem, Ibis, 1886, p. 463 — part, Paraguay. Empidonax brunnescens (lapsu) SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, P- 3°9 (ex RIDGWAY). a There is so much individual variation in shade of upper parts as well as in width and color (ranging from pale tawny olive to dingy pinkish buff) of wing-bands within the same locality, that I do not see how any local races of this wide-spread bird can be discriminated. Although I have not seen the type of E. I. nemoralis, I have little doubt of its identity with E. lawrencei, since recent comparison of thirty specimens from Trinidad and Venezuela with five from Amazonia failed to disclose any constant difference. The type of Empidochanes zuliensis, when compared with six from Trini- dad, differs by its slightly paler yellowish abdomen ; but a second specimen from Orope is fully as deeply colored underneath as those from Trinidad while above it is darker, more brownish than the majority from other localities. Material examined. — Trinidad: Caparo n, Princestown 6, Aripo 2. Venezuela, Bermudez: La Tigrera 4, Los Palmales 3, Campos Alegre i, Quebrada Secca 2, Caripe i; Las Quiguas, Carabobo i; Suapure, Caura i; Orope, Zulia 2. Brazil: Mexiana i, Borba i, Calama i, Humaytha, Rio Madeira i; Teffe, Rio Solimoes 2; Rio Jurud i. Peru: Yurimaguas i. b Empidonax lawrencei johnstonei BARBOUR: Similar to E. I. lawrencei, but with narrower bill; upper parts very dark greenish olive, the cap and cheeks dusky; throat more purely white. Wing (one male) 60; tail 54; bill 13. Judging from Penard's remarks, this form (which we have not seen) appears to be but a slightly differentiated race of E. lawrencei. Some of the characters given in the original description, such as the smaller size, dusky cap, narrower and darker (tawny ochraceous instead of ochraceous buff) wing-bands, etc. are of no consequence in the light of the variation exhibited by a large series of the typical race. 0 Although the type (an adult female) is in very poor condition, its upper parts having turned "foxy" through age, the still discernible yellowish hue of the abdomen, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 217 Empidochanes fuscatus (not Muscipeta fuscata WIED) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 115, 1868 — part, Rio de Janeiro, Sapitiba, Ypanema (Sao Paulo), Curytiba (Parana), Borba (Rio Madeira), and Rio Icanna (spec, in Vienna Museum ex- amined); idem, Nunq.otios., 2, p. 292, 1874 — NovoFriburgo,Rio; ScLATERand SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru; idem, I.e., p. 978 — Pebas (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 1873, p. 281 — Xeberos, Chyavetas, Pebas; (?) TACZANOWSKI,!.C., 1874, p. S38 — Monterico, Peru; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — part, Huambo (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 136, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined) ; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 127, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 156, 1900 — Novo Friburgo, Rio. Empidonax bimaculatus (not Muscipeta bimaculata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Ibis, 1887, p. 65 (crit.)a; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 224, 1888 — Bahia, Rio, Curytiba, Sao Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Pebas; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 341, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 203, 1899 — Iguape1, Sao Paulo; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 7, 1900 — Urucum, Matto Grosso; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 591 — Sapucay and Ybitimi, Paraguay. Empidochanes olivus (not Muscicapa oliva BODDAERT) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2»P- 3i3» 1884 — part, descr. "juv.," Xeberos, Chyavetas, Pebas, (?) Monterico, Huambo, Peru. Empidonax euleri BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 21, 22, 1905 (crit., range); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 292, 1907 — Avanhandava, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema, Mattao, Ilha do Sao Sebastiao, Bebe- douro, Iguape", and Ypiranga, Sao Paulo; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 528, 1908 — Alcobasa, Rio Tocantins; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 591 — Sapucay, Para- guay; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 389, 1914 — Rio Tocantins; WET- MORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 335, 1926 — part, San Vicente, Lazcano, and Rio Negro, Uruguay (spec, examined). Empidonax euleri euleri HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 300, 1910 — Calama and Santa Isabel, Rio Preto, Rio Madeira (crit.); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay. Range: Brazil, from the Rio Negro (Rio Iganna) and lower Ama- zon (Rio Tocantins and Rio Madeira) south to Matto Grosso and Rio Grande do Sid; Uruguay; Paraguay, east of the Parana; northeastern Argentina (Misiones) ; northern Peru (Pebas, Huambo, Yurimaguas)b. together with the decidedly rufescent pileum, speak for its being referable to euleri rather than argentinus. Its measurements (wing 59; tail 56) agree with those of females from Brazil. a Sclater erred in identifying the type specimen of Muscipeta bimaculata LAFRES- NAYE and D'ORBIGNY with the brown-backed Empidonax of southeastern Brazil. It is without question referable to the pale western race of Cnemotriccus fuscatus (see Berlepsch and Hellmayr, Journ. Orn., 53, P- 21, footnote, 1905). b Birds from Sapucay, Paraguay, recorded by the late C. Chubb under two different names (E. bimaculatus and E. euleri) appear to me indistinguishable from South Brazilian skins (Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul). Amazonian specimens I am not able to satisfactorily separate either, though they are possibly more richly colored throughout. Material examined. — Brazil, Bahia 2; Victoria, Espirito Santo i; Cantagallo i, Rio de Janeiro 2 ; Sao Paulo, Ypanema 4, Ypiranga i , Sao Jeronymo, Avanhandava, 218 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 7: Argentina (Eldorado, Misiones 3); Uruguay (Quebrada de los Cuervos 2) ; Brazil (Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i); Peru (Yurimaguas i). *Empidonax euleri argentinus (Cabanis)*. ARGENTINE FLYCATCHER. Empidochanes argentinus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 16, p. 196, 1868 — Buenos Aires (type in Berlin Museum examined). Empidonax bimaculatus (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 187, 1902 — San Pablo, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — San Pablo. Empidonax argentinus BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 23, 1905 — Buenos Aires (crit. note on type); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 344, 1910 — Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 649, 1925 — littoral and delta of La Plata River. Empidonax euleri euleri (not of CABANIS) HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 202, 1909 — Pacheco, Buenos Aires and Tafi Viejo, Tucuman (spec, examined). Empidonax euleri argentinus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 301, 1910 (crit., characters); GIACOMELLI, El Hornero, 3, p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja. Empidonax euleri LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 42, 1909 — Tucuman and Jujuy (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 344, 1910 — San Pablo, Tucuman; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 335, 1926 — part, twenty-five kilometres west of Puerto Pinasco, Paraguayan Chaco (crit.; spec, examined). Range : Western Paraguay (Chaco Paraguayo) and Argentina west of the Parana, from Buenos Aires and Santa Fe* to La Rioja, Tucuman, and Jujuy, north to central Peru (Dept. Huanuco). 2: Argentina (Concepcion, Tucumdn i); Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Huanuco i). Tiete" i, Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema 4; near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i; Parana, Curytiba i, Roya Nova, Serra do Mar 2; Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul i ; Chapada, Matto Grosso 2; Rio Madeira, Borba i, Calama i, Santa Isabel, Rio Preto i; Rio Icanna i. Paraguay: Sapucay 5. Argentina: Eldorado, Misiones 3. Uruguay: San Vicente i, Lazcano i, Rio Negro i. Peru: Pebas i, Yurimaguas i, Huambo i. a Empidonax euleri argentinus (CABANIS) : Similar to E. euleri euleri, but under parts paler; the throat and middle of the belly whitish instead of pale yellow, the chest grayish with very little, if any, yellowish suffusion; dorsal surface slightly paler. Wing (males) 64-68, (female) 59-64; tail 59-64, (female) 55-61. The type (an adult female), while agreeing in coloration, is somewhat smaller than any other example examined (wing 59; tail 55). It is remarkable that two specimens from Huanuco, Peru, are also referable to this pale-bellied race while others from northern Peru. (Pebas, Yurimaguas, Huambo) closely resemble typical euleri. Material examined. — Argentina: Buenos Aires i, Pacheco, Prov. Buenos Aires i, Ocampo, Santa Fe" i, Tucuman 2, Tafi Viejo i, Cafetal, Jujuy i. Paraguay: Cerro, 25 kilom. west of Puerto Pinasco 2. Peru, Dept. Huanuco: Chuchurras i, Vista Alegre i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 219 Empidonax griseipectus Lawrence. GRAY-BREASTED FLYCATCHER. Empidonax griseipectus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 236, 1870 — Puna Island, Ecuador; RIDGWAY, Ibis, 1886, p. 464 — western Ecuador (char.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 225, 1888 — Babahoyo, Ecuador. Empidochanes griseipectus BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 558 — Chimbo, Ecuador. Range : Southwestern Ecuador (from Prov. Guayas southward) and northwestern Peru (Dept. Piura)a. Empidonax timidus Nelson*. DURANGO FLYCATCHER. Empidonax timidus NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 263, 1900 — El Salto, Durango; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 586, 1907 — El Salto, Durango. Range: Northwestern Mexico, in State of Durango (El Salto). Empidonax albigularis albigularis Sclater and Salvin. WHITE-THROATED FLYCATCHER. Empidonax albigularis SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, i, p. 122, 1859 — Duenas, Guatemala; SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 229, 1862 — Orizaba (Mexico), Coban and Duenas (Guatemala); RIDGWAY, Ibis, 1886, p. 463 — southern Mexico and Guatemala (char.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 223, 1888 — part, spec, a-f, Orizaba (Mexico), Coban and Duenas (Guatemala); SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 70, pi. 40, fig. 2, 1889 — part, Mexico and Guatemala; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 584, 1907 — part, Mexico and Guatemala. Empidonax axillaris RIDGWAY in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Amer. Birds, 2, p. 363, 1874 — Orizaba, Vera Cruz; SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, P- 3°9 (crit.). Range : Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Mexico, and Guer- rero) and Guatemala. *Empidonax albigularis australis Miller and Griscom0. SOUTHERN WHITE-THROATED FLYCATCHER. Empidonax albigularis australis MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 159, ?• 5» *925 — San Rafael del Norte, Nicaragua. Empidonax albigularis (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1859) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 360 — Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 223, a Material examined. — Ecuador: Chimbo 2. b We do not know this species. Judging from the description, it appears to be a local race of E. albigularis. " Empidonax albigularis australis MILLER and GRISCOM: "Similar to E. a. albi- gularis, but upper parts slightly more olivaceous, less brown ; lores, eye-ring and wing- bars whiter, less brownish buff; chest-band less brownish and consequently less contrasted with the throat ; belly, flanks, and under tail-coverts yellower, less brown or buff." (Miller and Griscom, I.e.). We have not been able to compare this form with typical E. albigularis. 220 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 1888 — part, spec, g, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 70, 1889 — part, Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 584, 1907 — part, Costa Rica (Reventaz6n) and Panama; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 697, 1910 — Reventazdn and Faldas de Barba, Costa Rica. Range: Nicaragua; Costa Rica (San Jose", Reventaz6n, Faldas de Barba, Agua Caliente, Tejas); Panama (Lion Hill). i : Costa Rica (San Jose" i). *Empidonax atriceps Salvin. BLACK-CAPPED FLYCATCHER. Empidonax atriceps SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 198 — Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 6, p. 413, 1884 — Pirris, Costa Rica (descr.); SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 79, pi. 40, fig. 3, 1889 — Irazu and Pirris (Costa Rica) and Volcan de Chiriqui; RIDG- WAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 586, 1907 — highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama (monog.); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1907 — Coliblanco and Volcano de Turrialba, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 696, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and eggs descr.). Mitrephanes atriceps SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 220, 1888 — Irazu and Volcan de Chiriqui; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 37, 1902 — Volcan de Chiriqui. Range: Subtropical Zone of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui). 19: Costa Rica (Coliblanco 6, Turrialba 13). Empidonax fulvifrons fulvifrons (Giraud). FULVOUS FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa fulvifrons GIRAUD, Sixteen Sp. Texas Birds, pi. 4, fig. 2, 1841 — "Texas" (type in U. S. National Museum). Empidonax fulvifrons fulvifrons RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 588, 1907 — probably mountains of northeastern Mexico. Range : Probably mountains of northeastern Mexico". *Empidonax fulvifrons pygmaeus Coues. BUFF-BREASTED FLYCATCHER. Empidonax pygmaeus COUES, Ibis, (2) i, p. 537, 1865 — Fort Whipple, Arizona. Mitrephorus pallescens COUES, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 63 — Fort Whipple, Arizona. Empidonax fulvifrons (not Muscicapa fulvifrons GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 222, 1888 — part; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 69, 1889 — part, Arizona, New Mexico, and Chihuahua. • Mr. Ridgway considers the unique type, supposed to have come from "Texas", to be distinct from the three other races of the species. Its habitat remains to be discovered. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 221 Empidonax fulvifrons pygmaeus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 589, 1907 — Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico (monog., full bibliography); SWARTH, Pacific Coast Avif., 10, p. 43, 1914 — Arizona. Range: Southeastern Arizona, New Mexico, and south through Chihuahua to Durango, wintering south to Jalisco, Tepic, Morelos, and Michoacan. 18: Arizona (Santa Rita Mountains i); Mexico (Babicora, Chi- huahua 17). *Empidonax fulvifrons rubicundus Cabanis and Heine. RUDDY FLY- CATCHER. Empidonax rubicundus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 70, footnote, 1859 — Mexico. Empidonax fulvifrons (not Muscicapa fulvifrons GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 222, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Mexico; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 69, 1889 — part, Guerrero, localities near Mexico City, and Puebla. Empidonax fulvifrons rubicundus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 591, 1907 — part, central and southern Mexico only (monog., full bib- liography). Range : Central and southern Mexico, from Durango and southern Chihuahua south to Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, and Chiapas. i: Mexico (unspecified i). *Empidonax fulvifrons fusciceps Nelson": COMITAN FLYCATCHER. Empiconax fulvifrons fusciceps NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 152, 1904 — Comitan, Chiapas, Mexico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 592, 1907 — State of Chiapas, Mexico; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 104, 1907 — Lake Atitlan and near Tecpam, Guatemala. Empidonax fulvifrons (not Muscicapa fulvifrons GIRAUD) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 222, 1888 — part, spec, e, f, Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 69, 1889 — part, Guatemala. Range: Highlands of southeastern Mexico (State of Chiapas) and Guatemala. 5: Guatemala (Lake Atitlan 3, near Tecpam 2). Genus CNEMOTRICCUS Hellmayr, nomen nov. Empidochanes SCLATER (not of SCLATER i862)b, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 14, p. 216, 1888 — type Empidochanes fringillaris PELZELN = Muscipeta fuscata WIED. *• A very distinct form by reason of its dusky cap and rich ochraceous under parts. b Empidochanes SCLATER 1862 proves to be a synonym of Myiophobus (see foot- note on p. 246), and a new name had consequently to be created for the group of birds allied to Muscipeta fuscata WIED. 222 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Cnemotriccus fuscatus fuscatus (Wied). DUSKY FLYCATCHER. M uscipeta fuscata WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 902, 1831 — Rio de Ja- neiro"; BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 487, 1856 — Rio de Janeiro to Bahia. Empidochanes fringillaris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — part, Rio de Janeiro and Sapitiba (type), Rio, and Ypanema, Sao Paulo (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); RIDGWAY, Ibis, 1886, p. 461 — Bahia (crit.); SCLATER, I.e., 1887, p. 65 — Brazil; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 216, 1888 — Sapitiba, Rio, Santa Catharina; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 45, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio. Empidochanes fuscatus RIDGWAY, Ibis, 1886, p. 460, 461 — Brazil (note on type); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 216, 1888 (ex WIED); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 235, 1889 — Rio de Janeiro (Wied's types); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 202, 1899 — Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo; BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 21, 1905 — Sao Paulo to Bahia (crit.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 291, 1907 — Sao Sebastiao, Rincao, Ubatuba, Rio Feio, Campinas (Sao Paulo), Sao Francisco (Santa Catharina). Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Bahia south to Santa Catharinab. *Cnemotriccus fuscatus bimaculatus (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny}0. WESTERN DUSKY FLYCATCHER. • Wied (I.e., p. 905) states that the bird lives in the same country as Muscipeta chrysoceps ( = Myiophobus fasciatus flammiceps) for which he cites (I.e., p. 943) Rio de Janeiro as habitat. b I cannot maintain the distinction between birds from Rio and south (fuscatus) and Bahia (fringillaris), as proposed by Ridgway (Ibis, 1886, p. 461). Besides, E. fringillaris PELZELN, as shown by the marked type in the Vienna Museum, was primarily based on a specimen from Sapitiba (near Rio) and is, therefore, a pure synonym of M. fuscata WIED. The tone of the upper parts and the coloration of the lower mandible are exceedingly variable, regardless of locality, in the large series examined in the present connection. An unsexed adult from Rio Feio (between Ypanema and the Rio Paranapanema), Sao Paulo, by slightly lighter upper parts and paler yellowish abdomen, exhibits a decided tendency towards the characters of E. f. bimaculatus, found in the northern (drier) districts of Sao Paulo. Material examined. — Bahia (trade skins) 12. Rio de Janeiro: Sapitiba 2, Rio i. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 6, Ubatuba i, Sao Sebastiao 2, Rio Feio i. 0 Cnemotriccus fuscatus bimaculatus (LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) : Similar to C. f. fuscatus, but upper parts somewhat paler and more ruf escent ; chest pale grayish ; middle of abdomen white or but faintly tinged with yellowish; bill on average smaller. Specimens from the interior of Sao Paulo (Parana-Tiete" district) and western Minas Geraes agree with a series from Matto Grosso, Goyaz, and Maranhao, and three from Bolivia. Material examined. — Northern Sao Paulo: Itapura (mouth of the Tiete' into the Parana) i, Barretos, Rio Grande 2, Fazenda Cayoa, Sal to Grande do Rio Parana- panema 2, Rio Parand i. Minas Geraes: Bagagem, near Agua Suja 2. Goyaz: Rio Thesouras i, Rio Araguaya 5, Goyaz i. Matto Grosso: Chapada 2, Cuyaba 2, Engenho do Gama 2. Maranhao: Sao Ben to 3, Barra do Corda i, Cod6, Cocos i, Grajahu 3. Piauhy: Arara 2. Ceard: Jua ,near Iguatu i. Amazonas: Nova Olinda, Rio Purus 2; Rio Madeira, Humaytha i, Calama i, Jamarysinho i, Borba i. Bolivia: Yungas (the type) i, Rio Surutu, Dept. Santa Cruz i, Puerto Suarez i. Argentina: Ocampo, Santa F6 i. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 223 Muscipeta bimaculata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 48, 1837 — Yungas, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am^r. me'rid., Ois., p. 320, 1839 — Yungas, Bolivia. Empidochanes fringillaris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — part, Rio Parana (Sao Paulo), Goyaz, Cuyaba (Matto Grosso), and Borba, Rio Ma- deira (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 122 — Pan de Azucar, southwestern Matto Grosso. Empidochanes fuscatus (not of WIED) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 340, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 503, 1908 — Goyana, Rio Tapaj6z; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 594 — Sapucay, Paraguay; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Fazenda da Serra, Rio Grande, northwestern Bahia. Empidochanes fuscatus bimaculatus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 21, 22, 1905 — Bolivia and central Brazil (crit.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., J4> P- 357. I9°7 — Humaytha, Rio Madeira; idem, I.e., 15, p. 52, 1908 — Rio Araguaya and Rio Thesouras, Goyaz; idem, I.e., 17, p. 301, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira; HARTERT and VENTURI, I.e., 16, p. 202, 1909 — Ocampo, Prov. Santa F6; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Lake Missao and Sao Antonio do Gilboez, Piauhy; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 390, 1914 — part, Rio Tapaj6z (Goyana) and Rio Purus (Bom Lugar); MENEGAUX, Rev. Prang. d'Orn., 9, p. 58, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 164, 1925 — Fazenda da Serra (Bahia), Lagoa Missao and Sao Antonio (Piauhy); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 29, 1925 — Yungas, Bolivia (crit. note on type, range). Empidochanes fuscatus brunneus (not Pipra brunnea THUNBERG) IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 291, 1907 — Mattao, Itapura, and Avanhandava, Sao Paulo. Empidochanes fuscatus fuscatus BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay. Range: Brazil (except wooded coastal belt from Bahia to Santa Catharina), from northern Sao Paulo (Rio Grande, Rio Tiete", and Rio Paranapanema) and western Minas Geraes north to Ceard, Maranhao, and the south bank of the Amazon (Tapaj6z, Madeira, and Purus Rivers), west to Matto Grosso; eastern Bolivia; Paraguay; and northern Argentina (Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe"). 14: Brazil, Matto Grosso (Chapada i) ; Ceard (Jua, near Iguatii i) ; Piauhy (Ar&ra 2); Maranhao (Sao Bento 3, Barra do Corda i, Cod6, Cocos i, Grajahu 3, Tranqueira 2). Cnemotriccus fuscatus fumosus (Berlepsch}*. GUIANAN DUSKY FLY- CATCHER. • Cnemotriccus fuscatus fumosus (BERLEPSCH): Intermediate between C. f. bimaculatus and C. f. cabanisi ; bill large as in the former, but lower mandible blackish, more like the latter; upper parts much darker sooty-brown and wing-bands narrower 224 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Empidochanes fuscatus fumosus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 108, 1908 — Cayenne, French Guiana (type examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math, phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 108, 1912 — Fazenda Nazareth, Men- ana (crit.); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 79, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Empidochanes surinamensis PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 258, 1910 — Surinam (types in Tring Museum examined). Empidochanes olivus (not Muscicapa oliva BODDAERT) SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 228, 1862 — part, spec, f, "Par£" = Mexiana; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Mexiana; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 297 — Bartica Grove. Empidochanes fringillaris var. PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — part, Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined). Empidochanes arenaceus (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 217, 1888 — part, spec, c, d, Mexiana. Empidochanes fuscatus (not Muscipeta fuscata WIED) SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 390, 1914 — Maraj6 (Tuyuyii) and Mexiana. Empidochanes fuscatus bimaculatus (not Muscipeta bimaculata LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 390, 1914 — part, Aruman- duba, Ig. de Paituna, and Obidos, Brazil. Empidochanes cabanisi (not of LEOTAUD) CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 221, 1921 — Ituribisi River, Supenaam, Bartica, Bonasika, Makauria River, Abary River, Anarica River. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; northern Brazil, south to the north bank of the lower Amazon, Mexiana and Maraj6. *Cnemotriccus fuscatus cabanisi (Ltotaud). LEOTAUD'S DUSKY FLY- CATCHER. Empidonax cabanisi LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 232, 1866 — Trinidad. Empidochanes altirostris CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 16, p. 196, 1868 — Carthagena, Colombia (type in Berlin Museum examined). Ochthoeca arenacea SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, P- 20 — Bogotd (type examined). Empidochanes vireoninus RIDGWAY, Ibis, (5) 4, p. 461, 1886 — Tobago. Empidochanes cabanisi canescens CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 42, 1894 — Tobago. Tyrannula traillii (not of AUDUBON) JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 330, 1847 — Tobago (spec, in British Museum examined). Empidochanes olivus (not of BODDAERT) SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 228, 1862 — part, spec, e, Tobago. and paler than in either. Wing (male) 67-71, (female) 62-65; tail 65-69, (female) 61-65. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 2, Rio Approuague 5. Dutch Guiana: vicinity of Paramaribo 3. Brazil: Mexiana 4, Forte do Rio Branco i. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 225 Empidonax olivus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — San Este- ban, Venezuela. Empidochanes arenaceus SCLATER, Ibis, 1887, p. 66 (crit.); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 217, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, e-k, Bogota, Iquitos, San Esteban, Tobago; DALMAS, M6m. Soc. Zool. France, 13, p. 139, 1900 — Tobago (crit.); BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 50, 1902 — Altagracia and Caicara, Rio Orinoco; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., p. 242, 1916 — Orinoco River from Las Barrancas up to Caicara. Empidochanes cabanisi CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 41, 1894 — Monos Island (crit. on type) ; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 144, 1900 — Concha, Bonda, and Valparaiso; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 56, 1906 — Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 364, 1908 — Pointe Gourde, Trinidad; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 471, 1917 — Boca de Chimi, lower Magdalena, Colombia. Empidochanes fuscatus cabanisi BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 20, 21, 1905. (crit., synon., range); HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 165, 1912 — San Esteban; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 351, 1922 — Bonda, Mamatoco, Dibulla, Fundacidn, and Valencia, Santa Marta region. Range: Islands of Tobago and Trinidad; Venezuela (north coast, south to the Orinoco Valley); Colombia (Carthagena; Santa Marta region; Magdalena Valley; Bogota); northern Peru (Iquitos, Rio Marafion and eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo) B. 4 : Venezuela (Maracay, Aragua i ; Lake Valencia 2) ; Colombia (El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose* de Cucuta, Prov. Santander i). Cnemotriccus poecilurus poecilurus (Sdater)b. RUFOUS-TAILED FLY- CATCHER. a As pointed out by Dalmas, there are two color "phases" of this bird met with on the island of Tobago, one with grayish brown back and whitish belly, and another with decidedly brownish upper parts and sulphur yellow abdomen. Specimens of the first- named type appear to have served as basis for E. vireoninus and E. cabanisi canescens. Six examples from the Venezuelan north coast agree with the yellow-bellied variety from Tobago, and two from Trinidad are also similar. In the Orinoco Valley white- bellied birds are far more numerous than in Tobago, whence I have seen only two or three out of a total of twenty. Above they vary from grayish brown to warm umber brown. For the present I am unable to account for this "dimorphism," though most of the white-bellied examples appear to be more or less immature. Colombian skins average slightly darker above, with a more rufescent hue, and if separable, would have to stand as C. f. altirostris. A single male from Yquitos, Peru (Oct. 6, 1878, H. Whitely, jr.) is darker brown than any other example. It approaches C. f. fumosus and may prove to be separable (lately described as Empidochanes fuscatus fuscatior CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 231, p. 6, 1926 — junction of the Rio Curaray with the Rio Napo, southeastern Ecuador). Material examined. — Tobago 20. Trinidad: Pointe Gourde 2. Venezuela: Maracay, Aragua i ; Lake Valencia 2 ; San Esteban i ; Altagracia, Orinoco River 9, San Fernando, Rio Apure 2. Colombia: Carthagena i, Bogota 32. Peru: Iquitos i. b Cnemotriccus poecilurus is hardly congeneric with C. fuscatus, differing by more rounded wing, relatively shorter tail, and peculiar color pattern. 226 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Empidochanes poecilurus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 1862, p. 112 — BogotA (type examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 515 — Antioquia (spec, exam- ined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 217, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Bogota, Antioquia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 471, 1917 — Andes west of Popayan, Santa Elena, La Candela, La Palma, and near San Agustin, Colombia. Knipolegus columbianus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31, p. 151, 1912 — Andes west of Popayan, Colombia. Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta re- gion)'. *Cnemotriccus poecilurus peruanus (Berlepsch and Stolzmann)b. PERU- VIAN RUFOUS-TAILED FLYCATCHER. Empidochanes poecilurus peruanus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 366 — Garita del Sol, Vitoc (type), and Tambillo, Prov. Jaen, Peru; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Charapi and Perico, Rio Marafion; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 97, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba, Peru. Empidochanes poecilurus (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 186 — Cosnipata; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 538 — Auquimarca and Paltaypampa; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 235 — Tambillo; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 314, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 217, 1888 — part, spec, d, e, Tambillo and Cosnipata, Peru. Range: Subtropical Zone of Peru (from depts. Cajamarca and Amazonas southward) and Bolivia (Prov. del Sara). 8: Peru (Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco 8). Cnemotriccus poecilurus venezuelanus subsp. nov.« VENEZUELAN RUFOUS-TAILED FLYCATCHER. • Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 4, Antioquia i. b Cnemotriccus poecilurus peruanus (BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN) : Precisely similar to C. p. poecilurus, but dusky apical markings of lateral rectrices less extensive, often reduced to short subapical spots. I feel rather doubtful as to the validity of this race. The tail-markings are in- dividually variable, both in Colombian and Peruvian specimens, and one or two Bogota skins certainly do not differ from the latter. Material examined. — Peru: Chachapoyas 4, Tambillo 2, Nuevo Loreto 2, Chin- chao 8, Cosnipata i. Bolivia: Prov. del Sara i. 0 Cnemotriccus poecilurus venezuelanus subsp. nov. Type from El Escorial, alt. 2500 metr., M£rida, Venezuela in Tring Museum. Adult male. August 8, 1886. Salomon Briceno. Adult (sexes alike). — Similar to C. p. poecilurus in having the tail feathers for the greater part rufous; but under parts much paler, buff instead of deep ochraceous, passing into buffy white on throat; foreneck and sides of chest much more strongly shaded with dark gray. Wing (male) 77, (female) 71-72; tail 65, (female) 60-61; bill 13-14. Remarks. — In coloration of under parts, this new form resembles C. p. salvini, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 227 Empidochanes salvini (not of SCLATER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 218, 1888 — part, Caracas (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Empidochanes poecilurus (not of SCLATER) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 116, 1868 — Rio Icanna (spec, examined). Range: Subtropical Zone of Venezuela (Andes of Me*rida and Silla of Caracas) and Tropical Zone of northwestern Brazil (Rio Icanna, an affluent of the upper Rio Negro). Cnemotriccus poecilurus salvini (Sclater)*. SALVIN'S RORAIMA FLY- CATCHER. Empidochanes salvini SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 218, 1888 — part, Roraima (type in British Museum examined); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 222, 1921 — Roraima. Empidochanes poecilurus (not of SCLATER) SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 298 — Roraima. Range: Subtropical Zone of British Guiana (Mount Roraima). Genus MITREPHANES Coues. Mitrephorus (not of SCH&NHERR 1837) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 44, 1859 — type by orig. desig. Mitrephorus phaeocercus SCLATER. Mitrephanes COUES, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 7, p. 55, 1882 — new name for Mitre- phorus SCLATER, preoccupied. Mitrephanes phaeocercus tenuirostris Brewster. SLENDER-BILLED FLY- CATCHER. Mitrephanes phaeocercus tenuirostris BREWSTER, Auk, 5, p. 137, 1888 — near Oposura, Sonora, Mexico; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 500, 1907 — western Mexico (monog.). Mitrephanes phaeocercus (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 219, 1888 — part, spec, d-f, Presidio and Ciudad Durango, Mexico; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 66, 1889 — part, Oposura (Sonora), Presidio and Mazatlan (Sinaloa), Ciudad Durango, Sierra de Val- paraiso (Zacatecas), Amula and Omilteme (Guerrero). Range : Western Mexico, in states of Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, Zacatecas, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Guerrero, and Tepic. while the tail-markings are exactly as in C. p. poecilurus. The Rio Negro specimen agrees with those from Venezuela. Material examined. — Venezuela, MeYida: El Escorial (alt. 2500 metr.) i, La Culata (alt. 4000 metr.) i; Silla of Caracas i. Brazil: Rio Icanna i. a Cnemotriccus poecilurus salvini (SCLATER) : Below like C. p. venezuelanus, middle of breast and abdomen sometimes even paler, more buffy whitish; but tail uniform dusky gray or with rufous area on inner web of lateral rectrices but faintly suggested. Wing (male) 75-78, (female) 74; tail 64-67, (female) 63-64; bill 13-14. Four males have no trace of rufous in the tail, while in two females there is a dull rufescent shade on the inner web of the eight lateral rectrices. Material examined. — British Guiana: Roraima (including the type) 6. 228 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mitrephanes phaeocercus phaeocercus (Sdater). DUSKY-TAILED FLY- CATCHER. Mitrephorus phaeocercus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 27, p. 44, 1859 — southern Mexico and Guatemala (type from Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Mexico); idem, Ibis, 1859, p. 442, pi. 14, fig. 2 — Cordoba, Orizaba, Oaxaca. Mitrephanes phaeocercus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 219, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, g-p, Cordoba, Jalapa, Oaxaca, Mexico and Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 66, 1889 — part, states of Mexico, Vera Cruz, and Oaxaca, and Guatemala. Mitreplianes phaeocercus phaeocercus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 498, 1907 — part, southern Mexico and Guatemala (monog., full biblio- graphic references). Range : Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Mexico, Morelos, Michoacan, and Oaxaca), Guatemala, and Honduras (Volcan de Puca)". *Mitrephanes phaeocercus nicaraguae Miller and Griscomb. NICARA- GUAN FLYCATCHER. Mitrephanes phaeocercus nicaraguae MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., JSQj P- 4» J925 — San Rafael del Norte, Nicaragua. Mitrephanes phaeocercus (not of SCLATER) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1892, p. 326 — Matagalpa, Nicaragua. Mitrephanes phaeocercus phaeocercus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., sof Part 4, p. 498, 1907 — part, Nicaragua. Range : Nicaragua. i : Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte i). ^Mitrephanes phaeocercus aurantiiventris (Lawrence). YELLOW- VENTED FLYCATCHER. Mitrephorus aurantiiventris LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 173 1867 — Tabacales, Costa Rica; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 198 — Calo- vevora, Veragua. Mitrephanes aurantiiventris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 219, 1888 — Costa Rica, Chiriqui, and Veragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves. * A single adult male in the Brunswick Museum, secured by Wittkugel on March i, 1889, agrees in color and size (wing 70^2] tail 63) with Guatemalan examples. b Mitrephanes phaeocercus nicaraguae MILLER and GRISCOM: Similar to M. p. phaeocercus, but somewhat smaller (wing of male 64-68, against 70-74) ; slightly more olivaceous, less brownish above; lower abdomen rather paler, more yellowish ochre, less tawny. This form connects the northern phaeocercus with aurantiiventris, being less green- ish above than the latter, but more so than the former. In size, it nearly agrees with aurantiiventris and approaches it also in the coloration of the lower parts, certain Costa Rica examples being barely distinguishable by slightly paler yellowish under tail coverts. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 229 2, p. 67, 1889 — same range; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 37, 1902 — Boquete, Chiriqui; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 501, 1907 — Costa Rica and western Panama (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 705, 1910 — Costa Rica; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Set., i, p. 268, 1910 — Coliblanco, Costa Rica. Range: Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui and Veragua). 9: Costa Rica (Coliblanco 7, Juan Vifias i, Carrillo i). Mitrephanes phaeocercus eminulus Nelson*. CANA FLYCATCHER. Mitrephanes eminulus NELSON, Smithson. Misc. Coll., 60, No. 3, p. 13, 1912 — Cana, eastern Panama. Mitrephanes berlepschi eminulus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 472, 1917 — Monquido, Atrato Valley, and Alto Bonito, Colombia (crit.). Range : Eastern Panama (Cana and Tacarcuna) and western Colom- bia (Atrato and Sucio Rivers). Mitrephanes phaeocercus berlepschi Hartertb. ESMERALDAS FLY- CATCHER. Mitrephanes berlepschi HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 608, 1902 — Bulun, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (type in Tring Museum examined). Range: Northwestern Ecuador (Bulun, Prov. Esmeraldas). ^Mitrephanes phaeocercus olivaceus Berlepsch and Stolzmann0. OLIVA- CEOUS FLYCATCHER. Mitrephanes olivaceus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ibis, (6) 6, p. 391, 1894 — Garita del Sol, Vitoc, Peru (type) and Quebrada Onda, Yungas of Cocha- bamba, Bolivia; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 367 — Garita del Sol; CHAPMAN, • Mitrephanes phaeocercus eminulus NELSON: Differs from M. p. aurantiiventris by dingy yellowish instead of buffy lores and orbital rim; more greenish sides of the head; much duller, dingy olive fulvous throat and breast, shading into olive greenish on the sides. Wing (two males) 62-63 ; tail 49. This form appears to be closely allied to M . p. berlepschi with which no direct com- parison could be made, but would seem to differ by darker green upper, and much more fulvous under parts. Material examined. — Panama: Tacarcuna 2. b Mitrephanes phaeocercus berlepschi HARTERT: Nearly allied to M. p. olivaceus, but differing by much smaller size; buffy olive yellow lores; lighter olive green upper parts and sides of head; paler, more yellowish (less tawny) throat and chest, without grayish suffusion on the chin, and bright canary yellow abdomen. Wing (one female, the type) 56; tail 46; bill io>£. 0 Mitrephanes phaeocercus olivaceus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN: This form is very nearly as large as M . p. phaeocercus, but easily recognizable among its affines by the prevailing greenish coloration. Wing (male) 66-70, (female) 61-63; tail 56-62, (female) 54-56. Material examined. — Bolivia: Quebrada Onda, Prov. Cochabamba 3, Tilotilo, Yungas of La Paz i. Peru:< Santo Domingo 2, Huachipa 3, Uchco i. 230 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 14, p. 225, 1901 — Inca Mine [ = Santo Domingo], Peru; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 480, 1907 (crit.). Myiobius subochraceus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 208, 1888 — part, spec, b, Tilotilo. Range: Tropical Zone of eastern Peru (from Dept, Amazonas southward) and Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba). 4: Peru (Uchco, forty miles east of Chachapoyas, Dept. Amazonas i; Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco 3). Genus TERENOTRICCUS Ridgway. Terenotriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 207, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Myiobius fulvigularis SALVIN and GODMAN. ^Terenotriccus erytnrurus erythrurus (Cabanis)*. RED-TAILED PLY- CATCHER. Myiobius erythrurus CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 249, pi. 5, fig. i, 1847 — Guiana and Cayenne; idem in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 701, 1848 — British Guiana; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 114, 1868 — part, Mara- bitanas and Rio Negro district (spec, examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 297 — Bartica Grove and Camacusa; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 203, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, Bartica Grove, Camacusa, Carimang River, Albina; BER- LEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 49, 1902 — Nericagua, Rio Orinoco, and La Pricion, Suapure, and Nicare, Caura River, Venezuela; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 218, 1921 — numerous localities. Myiobius erythrurus erythrurus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 26, 1912 (range). Terenotriccus erythrurus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 130, 1908 — Ipousin, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 392, 1914 — part, Rio Jary (Sao Antonio da Cachoeira) and Obidos. Terenotriccus erythrurus erythrurus CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 242, 1916 — Orinoco River. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; southern Venezuela ( Orinoco-Caura region); northern Brazil (Rio Negro and Rio Branco, south to the north bank of the lower Amazon). i : Brazil (Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco i). a Terenotriccus erythrurus erythrurus (CABANIS) differs from the other races by having the throat grayish white, strongly contrasted with the light ochraceous buff of chest and belly; the pileum deep grayish olive, without any buffy tinge on the fore- head, and the sides pf the head pale gray, just a little lighter than the crown. Birds from the Rio Branco and Obidos agree perfectly with others from the Guianas while a series from Venezuela (Caura) and the upper Rio Negro (Marabitanas, Rio Icanna), by slightly more buffy throatand sides of thehead as well as deeper ochraceous under parts, form the transition to T. e. brunneifrons, of Upper Amazonia. Material examined. — French Guiana: Saint Jean du Maroni 2, Ipousin i. British Guiana: Camacusa 2, Bartica Grove 2. Venezuela: Nicare, Caura 3, La Pricion 2, Suapure, Caura i; Nericagua, Rio Orinoco i. Brazil: Serra da Lua, Rio Branco i; Obidos 2; Rio Icanna i, Marabitanas, Rio Negro 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 231 *Terenotriccus erythrurus hellmayri (Snethlage)*. HELLMAYR'S FLY- CATCHER. Myiobius erythrurus hellmayri SNETHLAGE, Ornith. Monatsber., 15, p. 195, 1907 — Pard (type) and Santa Maria do Sao Miguel, Rio Oure'm, State of Pard; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 26, 90, 1912 — Peixe-Boi and Para localities. Myiobius erythrurus (not of CABANIS) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Capim River; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 114, 1868 — part, Borba, Rio Madeira, and Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso (spec, examined) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 203, 1888 — part, spec, f, Rio Capim; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 503, 1908 — Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z. Myiobius erythrurus erythrurus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 362, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Pard. Myiobius erythrurus fulvigularis (not of SALVIN and GODMAN) HELLMAYR, Nov, Zool., 17, p. 300, 1910 — Calama and Maroins, Rio Madeira (spec, reexam- inpd). Terenotriccus erythrurus SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goefdi, 8, p. 392, 1914 — part, Pard, Mocajatuba, Providencia, Santa Isabel, Peixe-Boi, Rio Guamd, Rio Tocantins (Cametd, Baiao, Bocca do Manapiri, Pirunum), Rio Jamauchim (Tucunare'), Rio Tapajdz (Boim, Villa Braga). Range: Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from western Maranhao west to the Rio Madeira, south to Matto Grosso (Rio Roose- velt and Engenho do Gama, Rio Guapore"). i: Brazil (Tury-assu, Maranhao i). ^Terenotriccus erythrurus brunneifrons subsp. nov.b BROWN-FRONTED € FLYCATCHER. • Terenotriccus erythrurus hellmayri (SNETHLAGE) : Nearly allied to T. e. erythru- rus, but pileum buffy-olive (the forehead more buffy than the crown) ; upper back mainly pale brownish cinnamon instead of deep grayish olive ; sides of head and throat decidedly buffy; remainder of under parts deeper, approaching ochraceous- tawny. Recent comparison shows a series from the Rio Madeira to belong to hellmayri. While birds from the Tapaj6z and Rio Madeira (Borba, Calama, Porto Velho) are identical with topotypes from Pard, two skins from the Machados (Maroins) and Roosevelt Rivers, by more brownish crown, diverge in the direction of T. e. brun- neifrons. Material examined. — Pard district: Peixe-Boi 2, S&o Antonio do Prata i. Rio Madeira: Borba 2, Calama 3, Porto Velho i; Maroins, Rio Machados i. Matto Grosso, Camp 9, Rio Roosevelt i, Engenho do Gama, Rio Guapor6 i. b Terenotriccus erythrurus brunneifrons subsp. nov. Type from Tres Arroyos, Rio Espirito Santo, Bolivia, in Field Museum of Natural History. No. 50769. Male. February 24, 1915. Geo. K. Cherrie. Adult (sexes alike). — Agreeing in coloration of under parts and sides of head with T. e. hellmayri, but forehead deep ochreous-brown ; crown and hind neck decidedly darker brownish olive; auriculars darker ochraceous-buff. Not unlike T. e. ful- vigularis on the under parts, but upper surface much more brownish (without any olive tinge); the frontal band much broader and much deeper (cinnamomeous or 232 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tyrannula erythrura (not of CABANIS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota. MyioUus erythrurus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 70, 1858 — Rio Napo; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 186 — Cosnipata; idem, I.e., p. 281 — Xeberos, Chyavetas, Chamicuros, and Santa Cruz, Peru; TACZANOWSKJ, I.e., 1874, p. 538 — Monterico; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 301, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 203, 1888 — part, spec, g-1, n, o, Iquitos, Chamicuros, Cosnipata, Sarayacu, Rio Napo, Bogota. MyioUus fulvigularis (not of SALVIN and GODMAN) BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 366 — Borgona, Peru. MyioUus erythrurus fulvigularis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 48, 1907 — Teffe", Rio Solimoes (crit.). Range : Tropical Zone at the eastern base of the Andes from north- ern Bolivia through eastern Peru and eastern Ecuador north to Colom- bia (Bogota) and east to the Rio Solimoes, Brazil. i : Bolivia (Tres Arroyos, Rio Espirito Santo i). *Terenotriccus erythrurus fulvigularis (Salvin and Godman). FULVOUS- THROATED FLYCATCHER. MyioUus fulvigularis SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 58, 1889 — part, Central America (type from Santa F£, Veragua); RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 506, 1893 — Rio Frio, Costa Rica, and Rio San Juan, near Castillo, Nicaragua; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 488, 1898 — Ca- chavi, northwestern Ecuador; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. ii, 1899 — Rio Peripa, Ecuador. MyioUus erythrurus (not of CABANIS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 557 — Chimbo; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 14, p. 471, 1891 — Santa Ana and San Pedro Sula, Honduras; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 203, 1888 — part, spec, p-t, Chepo, Bugaba, Santa Fe", Angostura; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 144, 1900 — Jordan, Santa Marta district; BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 363, 1901 — Divala, Chiriqui. MyioUus cinnamomeus (not Muscipeta cinnamomea LAFRESNAYE and d'ORBiGNY) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lycr. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 328, 1862 — Panama Railroad. Terenotriccus fulvigularis BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica. ochreous-brown instead of buffy); sides of head deep ochraceous-buff instead of light grayish olive. Wing 47-50; tail 38-44; bill 7-8. Two examples from Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya resemble the series from Bolivia. A male from Teff4, another from Samiria (Rio Maranon) and a native Bogotd skin, while not quite so deeply colored, appear to be nearer to this than any other form. Material examined. — Bolivia: Rio San Mateo 7, Mission San Antonio, Rio Chimpre', Prov. Cochabamba 7, Todos Santos i, mouth of Rio San Antonio, Rio Espirito Santo i, Tres Arroyos, Rio Espirito Santo 2. Peru: Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya 2, Samiria i. Brazil: Teffe", Rio Solimoes i. Colombia: Bogotd i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 233 Terenotriccus erythrurus fulvigularis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 495. 1907 — part, Honduras to Panama and western Ecuador; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., i, p. 104, 1907 — Los Amates, Guate- mala; FERRY, I.e., p. 268, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 705, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits) ; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 84, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 469, 1917 — Alto Bonito, San Jos6, and Puerto Valdivia, Colombia; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 266 — Gatun, Panama; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 219, 1922 — Mt. Sapo, Rio Esnape, Jesusito, Darien; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 355, 1922 — Don Diego and Mamatoco, Colombia. Myiobius erythrurus fulvigularis HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1136 — Juntas, Rio Tamana, Choc6; L6NNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — road to Gualea, Ecuador. Range: Guatemala, southward through Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama to Colombia (Pacific coast; Santa Marta region; lower Cauca), northwestern Venezuela (Las Quiguas, Carabobo), and western Ecuador (south to Chimbo) a. 14: Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel i); Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 4); Costa Rica (Orosi i, Boruca 3, Guayabo i, Pozo Azul Pirris i, Juan Vinas i, unspecified i) ; Panama (Lion Hill i). Genus APHANOTRICCUS Ridgway. Aphanotriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 207, 1905 — type Myiobius capitalis SALVIN. Aphanotriccus capitalis (Salvin). SAL VIN'S FLYCATCHER. Myiobius capitalis SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., "1864," p. 583, publ. April 1865 — Tucurriqui, Costa Rica; NUTTING, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 6, p. 403, 1883 — Los Sabalos, Nicaragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, P- 59i pl- 4°. ng- 1 1 *889 — Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Mitrephanes capitalis SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 220, 1888 — Tucurriqui. Aphanotriccus capitalis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 492, 1907 — Costa Rica and Nicaragua; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 706, 1910 — Jimenez and El Hogar, Costa Rica. Range : Eastern Costa Rica (Tucurriqui ; Concepcion, near Jimenez ; Jimenez; El Hogar) and eastern Nicaragua (Los Sabalos). Genus PRAEDO Nelson". Praedo NELSON, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, No. 3, p. 14, 1912 — type by orig. desig. Praedo audax NELSON. • The few specimens examined from Colombia (Juntas de Tamana) and Ecuador (Cachavi and Chimbo) appear to be inseparable from those of more northern localities. b Genus Praedo NELSON. Allied to A phanotriccus RIDGWAY, but with a strong resemblance in coloration to Empidonax; bill proportionately broader and more flattened than in Empidonax, 234 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Praedo audax Nelson*. NELSON'S FLYCATCHER. Praedo audax NELSON, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, No. 3, p. 15, 1912 — Cana, eastern Panama. Range: Eastern Panama (Cana). i Genus MYIOBIUS Darwin". Tyrannula (not Tyrannulus VIEILLOT 1816) SWAINSON, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 358, 1827 — type Muscipeta barbata SWAINSON = Muscicapa mastacalis WIED. Myiobius (GRAY MS.) DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 46, July 1839 — new name for Tyrannula SWAINSON. *Myiobius barbatus barbatus (Gmeliri). WHISKERED MYIOBIUS. Muscicapa barbata GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 933, 1789 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 830, fig. i, Cayenne. Myiobius barbatus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 113, 1868 — part, Marabitanas, Rio Negro (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 199, 1888 — part, subsp. typica, spec. 1-r, Bartica Grove, Camacusa, Roraima, River Atapurow, Oyapock; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 391, 1914 — part, Rio Jary and Obidos; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 215, 1921 — British Guiana; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 25, 1922 — part, excl. Peru, Rio Madeira, and Rio Purus, Brazil (monog., full bibliography). Myiobius sulphureipygius (not of SCLATER) MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 118, 1904 — Saint Georges d'Oyapock and Saint Jean du Maroni French Guiana (spec, examined). broad and depressed at base with well-marked ridge along culmen; outline of sides slightly convex subbasally ; compressed and uncinate at tip with a well-marked notch; rictal bristles fine and weak extending along top of upper mandible three-fourths its length; nostrils open, rounded and set well forward on mandible; under mandible slightly keeled with broad rounded interramal area extending forward as far as an- terior border of nostrils; point of wings short, longest primaries only a little more than half the length of culmen longer than secondaries ; tail emarginate with two outermost pairs of rectrices slightly graduated ; tarsus a little more than one-fourth the length of wings. (Nelson, I.e.). a Praedo audax NELSON: "Upper parts olive green, distinctly darkest on top of head and neck, palest on upper tail coverts and borders of tail feathers; lores dusky; ear coverts and below eyes dark olive; a narrow supraloral streak and ring about eyes white; wings dusky slate gray, darker than tail, with two wing bands and edges of secondaries and tertials dull greenish yellow; edges of primaries dull olive; chin and upper throat pale gray tinged with yellow; rest of throat, under side of neck, abdo- men, and under tail coverts rich primrose yellow, dullest on coverts ; sides of neck and breast and a narrow band of same across front of breast dull olive green; flanks olive green above and yellow below ; bill black, with lower mandible becoming dark horn- color at base; feet and tarsus dusky horn color. Wing 58; tail 52 %\ bill 13; width of bill at angle of gape 10; tarsus 15. Resembles Empidonax in general coloration, but at once distinguished by its black bill and short extension of primaries beyond tips of secondaries. "(Nelson, I.e.). We are not acquainted with this species. b Mr. Todd having presented us with an excellent treatise of this genus, it has been deemed unnecessary to reprint the numerous bibliographic references carefully listed in his paper, and the synonymy, as here given, is restricted to original descriptions and certain citations where we had to differ from his allocation. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 235 MyioUus barbatus barbatus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 642, 1906 — diag., hab. part, excl. Borba; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 465, 1917 — Florencia and La Morelia, Rio Caqueta, Colombia. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; eastern Venezuela (Rivers Yuruan and Caura) ; southeastern Colombia (Rio Caquetd) and eastern Ecuador (Rio Suno, Zamora); northern Brazil, north of the Amazon (Marabitanas, upper Rio Negro; Obidos; Rio Jary)a. 2: French Guiana (Saint Laurent du Maroni i); British Guiana (Mazaruni River i). *Myiobius barbatus amazonicus Toddb. AMAZONIAN WHISKERED MYIOBIUS. Myiobius barbatus amazonicus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 96, 1925 — Hyutanahan, Rio Punis. Myiobius barbatus barbatus (not of GMELIN) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p.. 357, p. 357, 1907 — Humaytha, left bank of Rio Madeira (spec, reexamined). Myiobius barbatus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 751; I.e., 1873, p. 281 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 298, 1884 — Xeberos, Chyavetas, Yuri- maguas; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 24, 1922 — part, Manacapuni (Rio Solimoes) and Avojutuba (lower Rio Negro). Range : Western Brazil, from the Rio Solimoes and the right bank of the lower Rio Negro (Avojutuba) south to the Rio Punis and the left bank of the Rio Madeira (Humaytha), and eastern Peru. i : Peru (Puerto Bermudez, Dept. Junin i). Myiobius barbatus mastacalis (W-ied). YELLOW-RUMPED MYIOBIUS. Muscicapa mastacalis WIED, Reise Bras., 2, p. 151, 1821 — Rio Catol6, southern Bahia. Muscipeta barbata (not Muscicapa barbata GMELIN) SWAINSON, Zool. 111., 2, pi. 1 16, 1822 — Pitanga, about twenty leagues west of Bahia; WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 934, 1831 — Brazil (habits). " Specimens from Marabitanas (Rio Negro) and the Caura Valley (Venezuela) agree, in proportions and coloration, with topotypes from Guiana. Material examined. — French Guiana: Ipousin 2, Saint Laurent du Maroni 2. British Guiana: Roraima2, BarticaGrove3, Mazaruni River i. Venezuela: Sua- pure i, La Pricion i. Brazil: Marabitanas, Rio Negro 3, Obidos 3. b Myiobius barbatus amazonicus TODD : Very similar to M. b. barbatus, but under parts more uniform yellow, the throat and chest being less shaded with buffy or citrine. A single specimen from Humaytha (left bank of the Rio Madeira) agrees with the description and is obviously referable to this recently discriminated race to which a female from Puerto Bermude*. also seems to belong. 236 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Platyrhynchus xanthopygus SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 9, pi. 9, fig. i, 1825 — type from Rio de Janeiro in Munich Museum examined. Myiobius xanthopygius PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 113, 1868 — part, Registre do Sai, Rio (spec, examined). Myiobius barbatus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 199, 1888 — part, subsp. typica, spec, t-y, Bahia, Brazil. Myiobius barbatus mastacalis HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 641, 642, 1906 — Bahia to Rio de Janeiro (diag., crit.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 290, 1907 — Ubatuba and Iguap£, Sao Paulo; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 391, 1914 — part, Para localities, Rio Tocantins, Rio Xingti, Rio Tapaj6z; LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 100, 1920 — Bahia. Myiobius mastacalis TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 20, 1922 — Brazil, from the Amazon and Madeira River south to Sao Paulo and east to Bahia (monog., full bibliography). Range: Brazil, south of the Amazon, west to the Rio Madeira; south to the headwaters of the Rio Roosevelt in northern Matto Grosso, and through Para, Bahia, and Goyaz along the east coast south to the littoral of Sao Paulo (Iguape*, Ubatuba) a. Myiobius barbatus semiflavus Toddb. Rio LEBRIJA MYIOBIUS. Myiobius semiflavus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 114, 1919 — El Tambor, Rio Lebrija, Santander, Colombia (type examined); idem, I.e., 35, p. 27, 1922 —El Tambor. Range: Eastern Colombia, in State of Santander (El Tambor, Rio Lebrija). *Myiobius sulphureipygius sulphureipygius (Sclater). SULPHUR-RUMPED MYIOBIUS. Tyrannula sulphureipygia SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, "1856", p. 296, Jan. 1857 — Cordova, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Myiobius citrinopygus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 67, footnote, 1859 — new name for Tyrannula sulphureipygia SCLATER. a This form apparently ranges, along the south bank of the Amazon, to the right bank of the Rio Madeira. Specimens from Amazonia average slightly paler below (with less shading of old gold on chest and sides), thus bridging the gap between mastacalis, as represented by a series from eastern Brazil, and barbatus of the north bank of the river. Taken as a whole, they are, however, decidedly nearer to mastacalis. Material examined. — Sao Paulo: Ubatuba i. Rio de Janeiro: Rio i, Registre do Sai i, Novo Friburgo i. Bahia 6. Goyaz: Fazenda Esperanca 2. Para district (various localities) 9; Maroins, Rio Machados i. b Myiobius barbatus semiflavus TODD: Nearest to M. b. barbatus, but much more brightly colored; rump pale lemon rather than Martius yellow; under parts much yellower, the throat Martius yellow instead of colonial buff, breast and sides washed with pyrite yellow rather than citrine. Wing (male) 65-67, (female) 62-63 ; tail 54-56, (female) 51 -53- Material examined. — Colombia: El Tambor 4. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 237 Myiobius sulphureipygius SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 200, 1888 — part, spec, a-k, Cordova (Mexico), Cozumel Isl., Yucatan, British Honduras, Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 57, 1889 — part, Mexican, Guatemalan, and British Honduras references and localities. Myiobius xanthopygus sulphureipygius RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 490, 1907 — part, Mexico, Guatemala, and British Honduras. Myiobius sulphureipygius sulphureipygius TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, P- 27, 1922 — Mexico, Guatemala, and British Honduras (monog., full bibliography). Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco, and Yucatan), Guatemala, and British Honduras. 2: Mexico (unspecified i); Guatemala (unspecified i). *Myiobius sulphureipygius aureatus Bangs*. SOUTHERN SULPHUR- RUMPED MYIOBIUS. Myiobius xanthopygus aureatus BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 4, p. 27, 1908 — Divala, Chiriqui. Myiobius sulphureipygius (not of SCLATER 1857) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 200, 1888 — part, spec. 1-s, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Veragua, Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 57, 1889 — part, from Nicaragua south to the Truando. Myiobius xanthopygus sulphureipygius RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 490, 1907 — part, Honduras to Panama. Myiobius xanthopygius aureatus CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 707, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits). Myiobius vttlosus (not of SCLATER) HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 488, 1898 — Chimbo and Cachavi; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Rio Peripa. Myiobius sulphureipygius vittosus (not of SCLATER) HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1135 — N6vita, Colombia. Myiobius sulphureipygius aureatus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 466, 1917 — Alto Bonito, Choc6, Baudo, N6vita, Juntas de Tamana, San Jos6, and Barbacoas, Colombia; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 29, 1922 — Honduras to Colombia and Ecuador (monog., full bibliography); BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 218, 1922 — Mt. Sapo, Rio Esnape, and Jesusito, Darien. Range: Tropical Zone of Honduras, south through Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama, and Pacific Colombia to western Ecuador (as far south as Prov. Guayas). • Myiobius sulphureipygius aureatus BANGS : Differs from M . s. sulphureipygius by paler ochraceous color of breast and sides, and brighter as well as more extensive yellow abdominal area. Material examined. — Nicaragua 2; Costa Rica 17; Chiriqui, Panama 3. Colom- bia: Baudo i, N6vita r, Chocd i. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Lita 4, Paramba i, Bulun i, Cachyjacu 2; Chimbo i. 238 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 12: Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 2); Costa Rica (Bo- ruca 3, Pozo Azul i, El General i); Panama (Bogava, Chiriqui i); Colombia (Choc6 i, Baudo i); Ecuador (1/ita i, Chimbo i). Myiobius villosus villosus Sclater*. HAIRY MYIOBIUS. Myiobius villosus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 93, 1860 — part, Nanegal, Ecuador (type examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 201, 1888 — part, spec, a, c, d, f-i, Nanegal, Ecuador, Frontino, Bogota; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — "Gualea" = Mindo (spec, examined); MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g6og. Mes. Arc Mend. Equat., 9, p. 656, 1911 — Mindo; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 465, 1917 — Cocal and Ricaurte, western Colombia. Myiobius villosus villosus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 31, 1922 — Andes of Colombia and Ecuador (monog.). Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (Western Andes; Bogota; Rio Negro, Boyaca) and western Ecuador (Mindo, Nanegal). *Myiobius villosus peruvianus Toddb. PERUVIAN MYIOBIUS. Myiobius villosus peruvianus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 32, 1922 — Rio Tavara, southeastern Peiu. Myiobius villosus (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. Lond., 1879, p. 615 — Tilotilo, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Huambo; idem, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 299, 1884 — Amable Maria and Huambo, Peru; TACZANOWSKI and BER- LEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 91 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 201, 1888 — part, spec, b, e, Rio Napo, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 113, 1906 — Rio Cadena, Marcapata, Peru; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Perico, Peru. Myiobius xanthopygius (not of SPIX) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 537 — Amable Maria, Peru. Range: Upper Tropical and Subtropical Zone of eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and western Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz). 3: Peru (Huachipa, Dept. Hudnuco 3). a Myiobius villosus villosus SCLATER, in spite of its close resemblance, appears to be specifically distinct from M. s. aureatus which it evidently replaces in the Sub- tropical Zone. Compared with its ally, it is larger and much darker above, while the orange pectoral area is much duller (about light orange-citrine) and much more ex- tensive, leaving only the upper throat and the center of the abdomen pale yellow. A single Bogota skin differs from the others by much brighter breast. Material examined. — Ecuador: Mindo 2, Nanegal i. Colombia: Bogota i, near Pavas, Western Andes 2. b Myiobius villosus peruvianus TODD: Similar to M. v. villosus, but back some- what duller greenish; rump paler, about baryta yellow; breast much duller, old gold rather than orange-citrine, and middle of abdomen decidedly paler yellow. Wing (male) 69-72, (female) 67-68; tail 59-62, (female) 59-60. Two birds from eastern Ecuador were found to agree with one from Rio Cadena, Peru. Material examined. — Ecuador: Machay i, Mapoto i, "Rio Napo" i. Peru: Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco 3; Rio Cadena, Dept. Cuzco i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 239 Myiobius atricaudus atricaudus Lawrence*. BLACK-TAILED MYIOBIUS. Myiobius atricaudus LAWRENCE, Ibis, 5, p. 183, 1863 — Isthmus of Panama. Myiobius barbatus (not of GMELIN) SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 514 — Santa Elena, Antioquia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 199, 1888 — part, subsp. atricauda, spec, a-e, i, Calovevora (Veragua), Panama, Remedies; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 56, 1889 — part, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia. Myiobius barbatus atricaudus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 642, 1906 — part, Paraiso Station, Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 488, 1907 — part, Costa Rica, Panama, and Colom- bia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 465, 1917 — Dabeiba, Caldas, Barbacoas, Rio Frio, and Malena, Colombia; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 708, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits); HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 317, 1924 — Rio Algarroba, Panama. Myiobius atricaudus atricaudus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 35, 1922 — part, Costa Rica to Colombia; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 218, 1922 — Jesusito, Darien. Myiobius barbatus atricauda BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca and Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica. Range: Southwestern Costa Rica (north to the Gulf of Nicoya), south through Panama to Colombia (Pacific coast down to Barbacoas; Cauca Valley; upper Magdalen a Valley). Myiobius atricaudus stiff usus Toddb. MAGDALENA MYIOBIUS. Myiobius modestus su/usus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 30, p-4, 1917 — Turbaco, near Carthagena, Colombia. Myiobius atricaudus suffusus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 34, 1922 — Valley of the Sinu east to the middle Rio Magdalena (crit.). Range: Northern Colombia, from the Rio Sinu east to the middle stretches of the Rio Magdalena, in states of Bolivar and Magdalena *Myiobius atricaudus portovelae Chapman0. PORTO VELO MYIOBIUS. a I now agree with Mr. W. E. C. Todd that M. atricaudus and its races are specifi- cally distinct from M. barbatus. Its chief characters are the much more rounded tail and different proportions, the tail being equal to, instead of much shorter than, the wing. b Myiobius atricaudus suffusus TODD: "Similar to M. a. atricaudus, but under parts paler and more uniform, with less buffy suffusion on the breast; upper surface also slightly paler." (Todd, I.e.). This race, unknown to us, is apparently of doubtful validity since the author him- self, in a later communication, considers it barely recognizable. 8 Myiobius atricaudus portovelae CHAPMAN : Extremely similar to M . a. atricaudus, but upper parts very slightly browner ; lower surface deeper, richer yellow, throat and chest tinged with olive-ochre rather than with ecru-olive. A very unsatisfactory race whose range can hardly be defined. While birds from the Guayaquil district, when compared with a series from Costa Rica and Panama, differ as stated above, those from Prov. Esmeraldas are so variously intermediate that 240 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiobius atricaudus portovelae CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. 3, 1924 — Porto Velo, Prov. El Oro, Ecuador. Myiobius barbatus (not of GMELIN) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 282, 1860— Babahoyo; idem, I.e., p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1877, P- 332 — Palmal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 199, 1888 — part, subsp. atricauda, spec, f-h, Esmeraldas, Babahoyo; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Rio Peripa. Myiobius barbatus atricaudus (not of LAWRENCE) HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. KL Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 642, 1906 — part, San Javier and Pambilar, Ecuador; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — below Nanegal and Gualea. Myiobius atricaudus atricaudus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 35, 1922 — part, Ecuadorian references and localities. Range : Tropical Zone of western Ecuador (from Esmeraldas south- ward) and northern Peru (south to Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin). 5: Ecuador (Pambilar, Prov. Esmeraldas i; Chimbo i); Peru (Moyobamba 2; Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo i). Myiobius atricaudus modestus Todd*. ORINOCAN MYIOBIUS. Myiobius modestus TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, p. 207, 1912 — Upata, foot of Sierra Imataca, Terr. Yuruari (type), San Felix, and Altagracia, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 242, 1916 — Caicara and Rio San Feliz, Venezuela. Myiobius barbatus atricaudus ? (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 49, 1902 — Caicara, Venezuela (spec, examined). Range: Southern Venezuela (Orinoco Valley, east to the Sierra Imataca). *Myiobius atricaudus snethlagei subsp. nov. b SNETHLAGE'S MYIOBIUS. Myiobius barbatus mastacalis (not of WIED) REISER, Dents, math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Lake Parnagud and Santa Philomena, Piauhy (spec, examined). it is practically impossible to draw a line against the northern atricaudus. Three birds from Peru are strongly tinged with honey yellow on throat and chest. Nineteen specimens from western Ecuador and three from Peru examined. • Myiobius atricaudus modestus TODD: Very close to M. a. portovelae, but back rather paler and greener (dull citrine instead of dark citrine); rump deeper yellow (barium or citron yellow instead of napthalene yellow) ; the olive ochre tinge on under parts paler and more restricted. Wing 58-62, (female) 57-58; tail 58-62; bill ic-ii. Material examined. — Venezuela: Caicara 2, Altagracia i, San Felix 2, Upata 2. b Myiobius atricaudus snethlagei subsp. nov. Type from Cod6 , Cocos, State of Maranh&o, Brazil, in Field Museum of Nat- ural History. Adult male. June 28, 1924. H. Snethlage, No. 975. Adult. — Nearest to M. atricaudus modestus, but back slightly darker (olive citrine rather than dull citrine); rump deeper and more buffy yellow (baryta yellow 1 92 7. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 241 "Myiobius barbatus (Gm.) (atricaudus Lawr.)" (sic) REISER, I.e., p. 163, 1925, Piauhy. Range: Northeastern Brazil, in states of Piauhy and Maranhaoa. 6: Brazil, Maranhao (Grajahu i, Codo, Cocos i, BarradoCorda i, Tranqueira i, Fazenda Inhuma, Alto Parnahyba 2). Myiobius ridgwayi Berlepscfa. RIDGWAY'S MYIOBIUS. Myiobius ridgwayi BERLEPSCH, Auk, 5, p. 457, 1888 — Petropolis, Prov. Rio de Janeiro (type examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 643, 1906 — Ypanema, Luiz d'Almeida, and Victoria, Sao Paulo (crit., diag.) ; TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 37, 1922 — southern Brazil (monog.). Myiobius xanthopygius (not of SPIX) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 113, 1868 — part, Ypanema and Luiz d'Almeida, Sao Paulo. Range: Southeastern Brazil, in states of Rio de Janeiro (Petropolis; Therezopolis and Colonia Alpina, Organ Mountains) and Sao Paulo (Ypanema, Luiz d'Almeida, Victoria, and Fazenda Cayod, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema) . Genus MYIOTRICCUS Ridgway. Myiotriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 207, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Tyrannula phoenicura SCLATER. *Myiotriccus ornatus ornatus (Lafresnaye). YELLOW-RUMPED MYIO- TRICCUS. Tyrannula ornata LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 5, p. 57, 1853 — "Colombia vel Rio Negro," we suggest Bogota; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 22, "1854," p. 113, pi. 66, fig. 2, April 1855 — Bogota; idem, I.e., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota. instead of barium or citron yellow); under parts brighter, varying from deep colonial buff to amber yellow, without any olive ochre tinge on chest or sides; crissum more olivaceous, less buffy. Wing 58-61, (female) 54-56; tail 58-60, (female) 56-59; bill 9-11. Remarks. — This bird, as recently pointed out by Reiser, has nothing to do with M. barbatus mastacalis, from which it is readily distinguished by much longer, strongly rounded tail, much more greenish back with deeper yellow rump, and much deeper yellow under parts, without trace of old gold on throat, chest, or flanks. The four specimens from Piauhy (d" 9 Lake Missao.o" Santa Philomena, $ Pedrinha) in the Vienna Museum are similar to our own series. B Recent reexamination shows the specimen from Borba listed as Myiobius bar- batus by Pelzeln (Orn. Bras., 2, p. 113, 1868) and referred to Myiobius barbatus bar- batus by Hellmayr (Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 642, 1906; Nov. Zool., 17, p. 299, 1910) to be a member of the atricaudus group. In coloration it comes very close to M. a. snethlagei, but is much larger (wing 67; tail 64). b Myiobius ridgwayi BERLEPSCH is probably conspecific with M. atricaudus and agrees in proportions of tail, but may be easily distinguished by much more brownish upper parts and deep buff yellow rump and lower surface. Wing (male) 59-61, (female) 55-57; tail 61-65, (female) 59-6i. Material examined. — Brazil, Rio de Janeiro: Petropolis i, Colonia Alpina 2. Sao Paulo: Victoria 3, Fazenda Cayoa i, Ypanema 2, Luiz d'Almeida i. 242 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiobius ornatus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 204, 1888 — part, spec, a-h, Bogotd. Myiotriccus ornatus ornatus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 469, 1917 — La Frijolera (lower Cauca), Fusugasugd, Subia, and west of Honda. Range: Tropical Zone of Colombia (Magdalena Valley and lower Cauca)*. i: Colombia (Bogota i). ^Myiotriccus ornatus stellatus (Cabanis)*. CABANIS'S MYIOTRICCUS. Myiobius stellatus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 158, 1873 — "Ecuador, coll. Fraser" = Pallatanga; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 557 — Chimbo (crit.); idem, I.e., 1884, p. 297 — Cayandeled and Pedregal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 204, 1888 — Pallatanga; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. n, 1899 — Gualea and Guallabamba; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Paramba and Lita, northwestern Ecua- dor; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — road to Gualea, Nanegal, Mindo. Myiobius ornatus (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 204, 1888 — part, spec, i, "Pasto"; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — Santo Domingo and Gualea. Myiobius ornatus stellatus MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. gebg. Mes. Arc Mend. Equat., 9, p. 656, 1911 — Santo Domingo, Gualea, and Mirador, Ecuador. Myiotriccus ornatus stellatus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 469, 1917 — Choc6, N6vita Trail, Gallera, Cocal, and Buena vista (Narifio), Colombia. Range: Tropical Zone of Pacific Colombia (north to Choc6) and western Ecuador. 2: Ecuador (Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas i; Chimbo i). Myiotriccus ornatus phoenicurus (Sclater)*. RUFOUS-TAILED MYIO- TRICCUS. 'Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd n. b Myiotriccus ornatus stellatus (CABANIS) : Similar to M. o. ornatus, but much smaller (wing 53-59, against 62-66) ; white on forehead more restricted and often interrupted in the middle; extreme base of tail yellowish. Birds from northwestern Ecuador (Prov. Esmeraldas) agree with M. o. ornatus in coloration of under parts, but three from Chimbo have the belly decidedly richer yel- low with much less greenish suffusion on the chest. According to Chapman (I.e., p. 469), specimens from Pacific Colombia resemble those from Esmeraldas which are probably separable as a distinct race. Material examined. — Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Paramba 4, Lita 3, Cachyjacu 2; Chimbo 3. c Myiotriccus ornatus phoenicurus (SCLATER) principally differs from its western ally (stellatus) by wholly rufous tail, besides some minor characters. Material examined. — Ecuador: Sarayacu 2, Mapoto 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 243 Tyrannula phoenicura SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 22, "1854," P- II3. pi- 66, fig. i, April 1855 — Quixos, Ecuador. Myiobius phoenicunis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 70, 1858 — Rio Napo; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 91 — Mapoto; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 205, 1888 — Rio Napo and Sarayacu. Myiotriccus phoenicurus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 470, 1917 — eastern slope of Eastern Andes below Andalucia, Colombia. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo, Sarayacu, Mapoto) and southeastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta). Myiotriccus ornatus aureiventris (Sclater*)*. GOLDEN-BELLIED MYIO- TRICCUS. Myiobius aureiventris SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., "1873," p. 780, 782, 1879 — Cosnipata, Dept. Cuzco, Peru; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 205, 1888 — Cosnipata; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 113, 1906 — Huaynapata and Rio Cadena, Marcapata. Myiobius phoenicurus (not of SCLATER 1855) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 1 86 — Cosnipata; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 538 — Monterico, Ayacucho; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 302, 1884 — Monterico. Myiobius phoenicurus aureiventris HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 58, 1920 — San Gaban and Chaquimayo, Sierra of Carabaya (crit.). Range : Tropical Zone of southern Peru, in depts. Ayacucho (Mon- terico), Cuzco (Marcapata), and Puno (Carabaya). Genus PYRRHOMYIAS Cabanis and Heine. Pyrrhomyias CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 66, 1859 — type by subs, desig. (SCLATER, 1888) Pyrrhomyias heinei CABANIS and HEINE = Muscicapa (Tyrannula} vieillotioides LAFRESNAYE. Pyrrhomyias vieillotioides vieillotioides (Lafresnaye). VIEILLOT'S FLY- CATCHER. Muscicapa (Tyrannula) vieillotioides LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., n, p. 174, 1848 — Caracas, Venezuela. Pyrrhomyias heinei CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 66, 1859 — Caracas. Myiobius vieillotides SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Carip6, Bermudez; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 202, 1888 — part, spec, b-e, Caripe", Caracas, Venezuela. a Myiotriccus ornatus aureiventris (SCLATER) : Very close to M . o. phoenicurus, but back slightly paler green ; gray of throat lighter and farther extended abdominally ; chest somewhat paler greenish. Wing 62-66 >£ ; tail 48-52. Material examined. — Peru: Marcapata, alt. 1000 metr., Dept. Cuzco 5; Chaqui- mayo 2, San Gaban, Dept. Puno (Carabaya) 2. 244 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiobius vieillotioides vieillotioides HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 83, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo (crit.). Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Venezuela, from Bermudez west to Lara (Mountains near Bucarito, Tocuyo)a. Pyrrhomyias vieillotioides assimilis (Allen) b. ALLEN'S FLYCATCHER. Myiobius assimilis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 144, 190x3 — Val- paraiso, Santa Marta Mountains. Myiobius vieillotoides (not of LAFRESNAYE) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1880, p. 125 — San Sebastian; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 202, 1888 — part, spec, a, San Sebastian. Myiobius vieillotioides BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 176, 1898 — San Francisco. Pyrrhomyias vieillotioides assimilis TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, P- 354. 1922 — La Concepcion, Santa Cruz, San Miguel, Chirua, Palomina, Las Nubes, Cincinnati, Las Vegas, Cerro de Caracas, Minca, Santa Marta region. Range: Subtropical and Temperate Zone of Santa Marta Moun- tains, northern Colombia. *Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea cinnamomea (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). CINNAMON-COLORED FLYCATCHER. Muscipeta cinnamomea LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 49, 1837 — Yungas, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Muscipeta vieillotii D'ORBIGNY, Voy. Ame"r. Mend., Ois., p. 321, pi. 34, fig. i, 1839 — new name for Muscipeta cinnamomea LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY0. Myiobius cinnamomeus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 186 — Cosni- pata, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 537 — Maraynioc and Pumamarca, Peru; idem, l.c., 1879, p. 235 — Tambillo, Peru; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 615 — Simacu, Yungas, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Huambo, Peru; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 299, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SCLATER Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 202, 1888 — part, spec, a, m-p, Bolivia, Cosnipata, Simacu; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 86, 1889 — "Mapiri," Boli- • Material examined. — Venezuela, Bermudez: Caripe" i; Dept. Federal Occi- dental, Silla de Caracas 2, Galipan, Cerro del Avila 8; Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo 5; Mts. near Bucarito, Tocuyo, Lara 2. b Pyrrhomyias vieillotioides assimilis (ALLEN) : Differs from P. v. vieillotioides in much more rufous coloration, the pileum and back lacking the dark brown tinge; brighter, more cinnamomeous rump band; uniform tawny upper tail-coverts, and by the dusky tail markings being reduced to an indistinct subapical zone. Material examined. — Colombia: El Libano i, Valparaiso 3, Santa Marta Mountains i. • Considered to be untenable on account of Muscicapa cinnamomea VIEILLOT (Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. £d., 21, p. 450, 1818 — Cayenne); = Muscicapa cin- namomea GMELIN (Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 937, 1789 — Cayenne). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 245 via; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 366 — Garita del Sol, Vitoc; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 89, 1906 — Idma, Urubamba, Peru; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 186, 1902; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — La Hoyada, Tucuman. Myiobius cinnamomeus cinnamomeus BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Tabaconas, Peru; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 57, 1920 — Chuhuasi, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 96, 1921 — Idma, San Miguel Bridge, and Torontoy, Peru. Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 343, 1910 — La Hoyada, Tucumdn. Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea cinnamomea HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 178, 1925 — Yungas of Bolivia (note on type). Range: Subtropical Zone of northwestern Argentina (Prov. Tucu- man), Bolivia, and Perua. 4: Peru (Vista Alegre 2, Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco i; Mountains east of Balsas, Dept. Amazonas i). *Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea pyrrhoptera (Hartlaub)b. NORTHERN CIN- NAMON-COLORED FLYCATCHER. Myiobius pyrrhopterus HARTLAUB, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 289, 1843 — "Nouvelle Gren- ade" = Bogota. Tyrannula cinnamomea (not Muscipeta cinnamomea LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota. Myiobius cinnamomeus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 554, 1858 — Pinipi, near Riobamba, Ecuador; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 514— Concordia and Santa Elena, Colombia; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 91 — Mapoto, Machay, Banos, and San Rafael, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 202, 1888 — part, spec, c-1, Bogotd, Santa Elena, Jima and Pinipi, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. u, 1899 — Pun, Ecuador; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — Papallacta, Ecuador; L6NNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — Baeza, road to Napo. Myiobius cinnamomeus pyrrhopterus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 467, 1917 — numerous localities in all three ranges of the Andes of Colombia (crit.). a Material examined. — Bolivia: Yungas (type) i, Cillutincara i, San Jacinto 3. Peru: Chuhuasi, Dept. Puno i; Garita del Sol, Dept. Junin i; Dept. Huanuco (Vista Alegre and Huachipa) 3; Dept. Amazonas, San Pedro i, Mts. east of Balsas i. b Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea pyrrhoptera (HARTLAUB) : Very similar to P. c. cin- namomea, but smaller; pale rump band narrower; rufous wing-band more extensive, beginning on the outer web of the sixth or seventh (instead of on the ninth) primary'; abdomen somewhat darker. Wing (male) 67-69 (against 71-75). While birds from Colombia are fairly distinguishable from those of Bolivia and southern Peru (Junin and southwards), the gap between the two series is completely bridged in northern Peru (depts. Huanuco and Amazonas). A single male from Ecuador (San Rafael) appears to be identical with Bogotd, skins. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 9, Santa Elena i, San Antonio i, Cerro Munchique i ; Paramo de Tama i. Ecuador: San Rafael i. 246 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta range) and Ecuador. 3 : Colombia (Cerro Munchique, west of Popayan i ; San Antonio, Cauca i ; Paramo de Tama, Santander i). Genus MYIOPHOBUS Reichenbach. Myiophobus REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 67, 1850 — type by subs, desig. (Gray, 1855, p. 49) Muscicapa ferruginea SWAINSON = Muscicapa fascia ta MULLER. Empidochanes SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 228, 1862 — new name for Myiophobtis CABANIS and HEINE*; type (present designation) Muscicapa fasciata MULLER. ^Myiophobus flavicans flavicans (Sclater). YELLOWISH FLYCATCHER. Myiobius flavicans SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 464, 1860 — Pallatanga (type) and Bogota; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 227, 1862 — same localities; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 514 — Santa Elena, Colombia; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1884, p. 297 — Cayandeled, Surupata, and Pedregal, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 205, pi. 17, 1888 — part, spec, a-m, Pallatanga, "Quito," Intac, Santa Elena, Bogota; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. n, 1899 — Niebli, Ecuador; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 191 1, p. 706 — Pichincha and Papallacta; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geogr. Mes. Arc M6rid. Equat., 9, p. 657, 1911 — Santo Domingo; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 467, 1917 — San Antonio, Cerro Munchique, La Florida, Cocal, Gallera, Salento, Santa Elena, Tochecito, Rio Toch6, El Eden, Fusugasuga, and El Roble, Colombia, and Zaruma, Prov. El Oro, Ecuador; LGNNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — Niebli. Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta range) and Ecuador b. 3: Colombia (La Florida, west of Popayan i, El Roble, above Fusugasuga i, "Bogota" i). Myiophobus flavicans venezuelanus (Hellmayr)*. GALIPAN FLYCATCHER. • Myiophobus CABANIS and HEINE (Mus. Hein., 2, p. 69, 1859) comprises M. olivus Bodd., an unidentifiable species (based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 574, fig. 2), and M. naevius ( = Muscicapa fasciata MULLER). No type appears to have been designated, since Sclater's later action (Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 216, 1888) in select- ing Empidochanes fringillaris PELZ. 1868 is inadmissible. b Specimens from Colombia differ from four Ecuadorian ones by larger size, purer green (less tawny) upper parts, and lighter yellow lower surface, with less olivaceous shading on the chest. In the last-named point, they form the transition to the Venezuelan race. Material examined. — Ecuador: Cayandeled 2, Pedregal i, Nanegal i. Colombia: Bogota 1 8, Santa Elena i, La Florida i, El Roble i. 0 Myiophobus flavicans venezuelanus (HELLMAYR) : Similar to M. f. flavicans, but coronal patch of male smaller, by reason of the longer greenish tips partly concealed, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 247 Myiobius flavicans venezuelanus HELLMAYR, Anzeiger Orn. Ges. Bay., 3, p. 16, 1920 — Galipan, Cerro del Avila, Venezuela. M yiobius flawcans (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — Merida; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 205, 1888 — part, spec, n, Aragua; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 83, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Venezuela, from Bermudez to Me"rida. Myiophobus flavicans superciliosus (Taczanojivski)*. YELLOW- BROWED FLYCATCHER. Myiobius superciliosus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 538 — Ropaybamba, Dept. Junin; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Cococh6, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 206, 1888 — Cococh6; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 481, 1907 (crit.). Myiobius superciliaris TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 306, 1884 — Ropaybamba and Cococh6. Range: Subtropical Zone of Peru (Cococh6, Dept. Amazonas; Ropaybamba, Dept. Junin). Myiophobus phoenicomitra phoenicomitra (Taczanowski and Ber- lepsch)b. ORANGE-CRESTED FLYCATCHER. Myiobius phoenicomitra TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 91 — Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 206, 1888 — Mapoto. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Mapoto). Myiophobus phoenicomitra litae ( Harterf)0. WESTERN ORANGE-CRESTED FLYCATCHER. and always golden-yellow (never orange); anterior and lateral portions of pileum lighter; under parts clearer yellow, particularly on throat and abdomen, and much less shaded with greenish on chest. Wing (male) 65-69, (female) 61-63^; tail 54^- 58^, (female) 49-54; bill 11-12. Material examined. — Bermudez: Carip6 2. Dept. Federal Occidental: Loma Redonda i, Silla de Caracas 3, Galipan, Cerro del Avila 28. Carabobo: Cumbre de Valencia 4. a Myiophobus flavicans superciliosus (TACZANOWSKI), which we have not seen, is described as similar to M . f. flavicans, but differing by purer olive green upper parts, olivaceous instead of ochraceous-buff wing bands, less distinct yellowish superciliaries, and lighter (citron yellow) coronal patch of the male. Wing (male) 67, (female) 62 ; tail 55-56. According to the late Count Berlepsch, it is a poorly segregated race. b Myiophobus phoenicomitra phoenicomitra (TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH), inTspite of its close resemblance to, appears to be specifically distinct from, M. flavicans. It is darker, greener above and much paler (sulphur) yellow below, while both sexes hfcve a well-developed orange-cinnamon coronal patch, smaller in the female. Material examined. — Ecuador: Mapoto 2. e Myiophobus phoenicomitra litae (HARTERT) : Very close to the typical race, but coronal patch of male golden-yellow, either uniform or mixed with orange-red; wing- 248 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiobius litae HARTERT, Bull. B. O. C., n, p. 40, 1900 — Lita, northwestern Ecua- dor (type in Tring Museum examined); idem, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Lita and Cachyjacu, Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 468, 1917 — N6vita Trail, Colombia. Range: Northwestern Ecuador (Prov. Esmeraldas) and western Colombia (N6vita Trail). Myiophobus pulcher pulcher (Sclater). HANDSOME FLYCATCHER. Myiobius pulcher SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 464, 1860 — Ecuador = Quito; idem, l.c., 1866, p. 100, pi. n, fig. 2; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 207, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, vicinity of Quito and Intac, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 1 1, 1899 — Gualea and Nanegal; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 706 — same localities; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — road to Nanegal. Elainea ferrugineiceps PELZELN, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 32, p. 447, 1882 — Ecuador (type in Vienna Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 174, I9H (crit.). Myiobius pulcher pulcher CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 468, 1917 — Gallera and Cocal, Western Andes of Colombia. Range : Subtropical Zone of Western Ecuador and Western Andes of Colombia. Myiophobus pulcher bellus (Sclater)*. BEAUTIFUL FLYCATCHER. Myiobius bellus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1862, p. in — Bogota; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 207, 1888 — Bogota. Myiobius pulcher bellus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 175, 1914 — Bogotd (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 468, 1917 — Aguadita and El Roble, Colombia. Myiophobus pulcher bellus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H., 55, p. 520, 1926 — Baeza, Ecuador. Range : Subtropical Zone of Eastern Ecuador and Eastern Andes of Colombia. Myiophobus ochraceiventris (Cabanis)b. OCHREOUS-BELLIED FLY- CATCHER. bands wider and more ochraceous; abdomen richer yellow; size smaller. Wing (male) 60-62, (female) 56; tail 50-53, (female) 47 >£; bill lo-n. Material examined. — Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Lita (including the type) 4, Cachyjacu r. » Myiophobus pulcher bellus (SCLATER) : Very similar to M. p. pulcher, but some- what darker, more brownish olive above, with ochraceous (instead of buff) wing- bands; chest washed with orange-fulvous; size larger. Wing 55-60 (against 50-54). Seven Bogotd skins compared with four from Quito (pulcher). b Mitrephorus ochraceiventris CABANIS is certainly out of place in Mitrephanes and seems to be more nearly related to M . pulcher, though differing from the members of the genus Myiophobus by its much longer tail, besides other structural details. Material examined. — Peru: Maraynioc i. Bolivia: Tilotilo i, Sandillani, alt. 2500 metr., i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 249 Mitrephorus ochraceivenlris CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 320, 1873 — Maraynioc, Peru (descr. juv.); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 538 — Maraynioc; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 315, 1884 — Maraynioc. Myiobius subochraceus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 50 — Tilotilo, Yungas of La Paz, Bolivia (type examined); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 208, 1888 — part, spec, a, Tilotilo; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 481, 1907 (crit.). Mitrephanes ochraceiventris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 220, 1888 (ex CABANIS); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 367 — Maray- nioc. Myiobius ochraceiventer CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 97, 1921 — Idma, Urubamba, Peru. (?) Myiobius pulcher (not of SCLATER 1860) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 780 — Huasampilla, Peru; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 207, 1888 — part, spec, e, Huasampilla. Range: Temperate Zone Peru (in depts. Junin and Cuzco) and western Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz). *Myiophobus rufescens (Salvadori). RUFESCENT FLYCATCHER. Myiobius rufescens SALVADOR:, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., 7, p. 152, 1864 — "Brazil"; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 174 — Tambo Valley, south of Islay, Dept. Arequipa, Peru (crit.); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 538 — Lima; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 235 — Pacasmayo; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Chepen; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 303, 1884 — Lima, Guadalupe, Chepen, Pacasmayo, Paucal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 204, 1888 — Lima and Tambo Valley, Peru; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 380 — Lima (egg descr.). Myiobius nationi SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 100, pi. n, fig. i — vicinity of Lima, Peru. Range: Littoral and lower Pacific slopes of the Andes in Peru, from Dept. Libertad (Guadalupe, Pacasmayo) south to the Tambo Valley, Dept. Arepiqua. 10: Peru (Menocucho 2, Trujillo, Dept. Libertad i; Callao i, Santa Eulalia 5, Chosica, Dept. Lima i). *Myiophobus fasciatus flammiceps (Temminck')*- SOUTHERN BANDED FLYCATCHER. * Myiophobus fasciatus flammiceps (TEMMINCK) : Similar to M. f. fasciatus, but somewhat larger, and upper parts on average more rufous. The difference in size is quite noticeable when specimens from southern Brazil (Goyaz, Rio, Sao Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul) and Argentina are compared with typical fasciatus, of Guiana and Venezuela. In northeastern Brazil (from Bahia northward), however, a gradual decrease takes place, and while certain examples are fully as large as those from the south, others, in measurements, hardly exceed Guianan skins. In coloration they agree with the southern bird. For measurements see Nov. Zool., 32, p. 177, 1925. Material examined. — Argentina: Buenos Aires (Quilmes, Flores, Barracas al Sud) 6 ; La Soledad, Entrerios i ; Ocampo, Santa Fe" i ; Tucuman 7 ; Oran, Salta i . Bolivia : Prov. del Sara 3, Yuracares i, Yungas i. Brazil: S§o Paulo 6, Rio de Janeiro 3, Goyaz 6, Bahia 8, Ceara i, Maranhao 7, Para i. 250 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscicapa flammiceps TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 24, pi. 144, fig. 3, July 1822 — "Bresil," we suggest Rio de Janeiro. Pipra brunnea THUNBERG, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. P£tersb., 8, p. 286, 1822 — Brazil (type in Upsala Museum examined; = juv.)a. Platyrhynchus chrysoceps SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 10, pi. n, fig. 2, 1825 — Brazil, no locality specified (type lost). Muscipeta chrysoceps WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 940, 1831 — Rio de Janeiro. Tyr annula ferruginea SWAINSON, Orn. Drawings, Part 5, pi. 53, 1837 — Brazil. Myiobius auriceps GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 47, 1839 — Buenos Aires. Muscipeta virgata (not Muscicapa virgata GMELIN) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 49, 1837 — Yuracares, Yungas, Chi- quitos, Moxos (Bolivia), and Rio de Janeiro (spec, in Paris Museum ex- amined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. merid., Ois., p. 320, 1839 — Rio de Janei- ro, Moxos, Chiquitos, Yungas; BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 486, 1856 — Novo Friburgo, Rio and Congonhas, Minas Geraes. Myiobius naevius (not Muscicapa naevia BODDAERT) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 114, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema, and Cuyaba (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 142— Conchitas; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 332 — Lagoa Santa and Tejuco, near Uberaba, Minas Geraes; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 259, 1873 — Blumenau, Santa Catharina; LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 383 — Nazar6, Para; FORBES, I.e., 1881, p. 343 — Macuca, Pernambuco; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 607 — Flores, Buenos Aires (spec, examined); BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 201, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 136, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 151, 1888 — La Plata (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 209, 1888 — part, spec, o-e', Para, Pernambuco, Bahia, Pelotas, Oran (Salta), Flores (Buenos Aires), Bolivia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 340, 1892 — Abrilongo, Matto Grosso; APLIN, Ibis, 1894, P- *79 — Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 7, 1900 — Urucum, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo and Sao Lourenco; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 201, 1899 — Iguapd, Sao Sebastiao, Ypiranga, and Piquete, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4> P- 1 55 1 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo, Rio; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 7, p. 186, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, J905 — Tucuman; REISER, Denies, math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Barra (near Bahia City), Lake Missao, Timbo, Paniagua, and Sao Antonio de Gilboez, Piauhy; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 120 — Santa Elena, Entrerios. Myiophobus naevius CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo. • Although identified by Lonnberg (Ibis, 1902, p. 242) with Empidonax bimacula- tus SCLATER (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) = Empidonax euleri, the type, on reexamination, proves to be a bird in juvenile plumage of M.fasciatus flammiceps, with distinct dusky streaks on the chest. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 251 Muscipeta naevia STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba. Myiobius fasciatus (not of MULLER) IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 290, 1907 — Mogyguassu, Avanhandava, Iguape', Rincao, Sao Sebastiao, Itarare' (SSo Paulo), Vargem Alegre (Minas Geraes), Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro), Los Talas, La Plata (Argentina); MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 58, 1917 — Pocone1, Matto Grosso. Myiobius fasciatus fasciatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 52, 1908 — Rio The- souras and Fazenda Esperanca, Goyaz; HARTERT and VENTURI, I.e., 16, p. 201, 1909 — Flores (Buenos Aires), Oran (Salta), La Soledad (Entrerios), Tucuman, Barracas al Sud (nest and egg descr.). Myiophobus fasciatus BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana, Para- guay; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 392, 1914 — Magoary and Mexiana; TREMOLERAS, El Hornero, 2, p. 21, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Florida, Uruguay; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 50, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; GIACOMELLI, I.e., p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 169, 1923 — San Isidro, Buenos Aires. Myiophobus fasciatus fasciatus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 343, 1910 (range in Argentina); idem, I.e., 23, p. 334, 1912 — 'Villa Rica, Paraguay, and La Plata (crit., meas.); HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 394, 1916 — Los Talas, La Plata; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 649, 1924 — Buenos Aires. Myiophobus fasciatus auriceps RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 543, 1907 — Argentina (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 333, 1926 — Lazcano and Rio Negro, Uruguay (crit.). Myiophobus fasciatus flammiceps HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 176, 1925 — Rio de Janeiro, Yungas and Yuracares, Bolivia (crit., measurements, range). Range: Northern Argentina (south to La Rioja, Cordoba, and Buenos Aires); Uruguay; Paraguay; Bolivia; Brazil, west to Matto Grosso, north to Para and Mexiana Island. 21 : Uruguay (Quebrada de los Cuervos i); Argentina (Quilmes, Buenos Aires i ; Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe" i ; Concepcion, Prov. Tucu- man 5) ; Brazil (Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i ; Macaco Secco 2, Sao Amaro i, Bahia i ; Serra Baturite", Ceara i ; Ardra, Piauhy i; Sao Bento 2, Tranqueira 3, Alto Paranahyba, Maranhao i). *Myiophobus fasciatus fasciatus (Mutter'} . BANDED FLYCATCHER. M uscicapa fasciata P. L. S. MILLER, Natursylt., Suppl., p. 172, 1776 — based on Daubenton, PL enl. 574, fig. 3, Cayenne. Muscicapa naevia BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 34, 1783 — based on the same. Muscicapa virgata GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 948, 1789 — based on the same. Myiobius chrysoceps (not of SPIX) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 222, 1866 — Trinidad. 252 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiobius naevius SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Carupano, Bermudez; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 333 — Ocana, Colombia; SCLATER and SAL- VIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 514 — Medellin (nest and egg descr.); BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 303, 1884 — Bucaramanga ; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 297 — Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 209, 1888 — part, spec, e-n, Medellin, Venezuela, Carupano, Trinidad, Roraima, Cayenne; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 41, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa, San Antonio, and Guanaguana, Bermudez; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 158, 1898 — Pueblo Viejo; idem, I.e., p. 176, 1898 — Palomina; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 145, 1900 — Minca. Myiobius fasciatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 25, 1906 — Caparo and Seelet, Trinidad; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 217, 1921 — Roraima. Myiophobus fasciatus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 130, 1908 — Cayenne and Roche-Marie, French Guiana. Myiophobus fasciatus fasciatus CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 363, 1908 — Carenage, Trinidad; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 468, 1917 — Caldas, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Salento, Andalucia, Honda, Quetame, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 351, 1922 — Cincinnati, Pueblo Viejo, Chirua, San Francisco, and La Concepcion, Santa Marta region. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Island. of Trinidad; north coast of Venezuela, west to Tachira; Colombia*. 13: Venezuela (Colon, Tachira 2; Maracay, Aragua 5; Caracas 6). Myiophobus fasciatus furfurosus (Thayer and Bangs)*. BRAN-COLORED FLYCATCHER. Myiobius fasciatus furfurosus THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 152, 1905 — Saboga Island, Bay of Panama. Myiobius naevius (not Muscicapa naevia BODDAERT) SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 148 — Santa F6 de Veragua; idem, I.e., 1870, p. 198 — Calovevora, Veragua; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 209, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Santa F£, Castillo, Lion Hill, and Paraiso Station, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 58, 1889 — part, Panama; BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 30, 1901 — San Miguel Island. » A single adult male from Primavera, Cauca and a series of Bogotd skins appear to me inseparable from Guianan examples. Material examined. — French Guiana : Cayenne 4, Roche-Marie i . Dutch Guiana : near Paramaribo 2. Trinidad: Caparo 2, Seelet i, Chaguaramas i, Carenage 5. Venezuela, Bermudez: Los Palmales i, San Antonio 2, San Felix i ; Maracay, Aragua 5; Caracas 6; Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo i; MeYida, El Valle 5, Escorial 4, La Culata i; Colon, Tachira 2. Colombia: Primavera, Cauca i, Bogota 8. b Myiophobus fasciatus furfurosus (THAYER and BANGS) : Exceedingly close to M. f. fasciatus, but slightly smaller and under parts more strongly yellowish. Wing (male) 53-56; tail 52, 53; bill n. Material examined. — Panama: Panama 2. — Costa Rica: Buenos Aires i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 253 Myiobius naevius naevius THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 219, 1906 — Savanna of Panama. Myiophobus fasciatus furfurosus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 543, 1907 — Panama (monog.); BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 22, p. 33, 1909 — El General de Terraba, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 4, p. 302, 1908 — Buenos Aires de Terraba; idem, I.e., 6, p. 701, 1910 — El General and Buenos Aires de Terraba, Costa Rica; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 266 — Gatun, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 318, 1924 — Farfan, Panama. Range: Southwestern Costa Rica (Terraba Valley) and Panama, east to the Canal Zone. *Myiophobus fasciatus saturatus (Berlepsch and Stolzmann)*. PERU- VIAN BANDED FLYCATCHER. Myiobius naevius saturatus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 88, 1906 — Chirimoto, Huayabamba Valley (type) and Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru. Myiobius naevius (not Muscicapa naevia BODDAERT) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189 — lower Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 186 — Cosni- pata; idem, I.e., p. 281 — lower Ucayali, Xeberos, and Chyavetas; idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Potrero, Urubamba; SCLATER, I.e., 1876, p. 780 — Cosnipata; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 21 — Chirimoto; idem, Orn. Pe'r., 2, p. 305, 1884 — Peruvian localities; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 366 — La Merced, Chanchamayo. Myiobius fasciatus saturatus CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 97, 1921 — Santa Ana and San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba. Range: Eastern Peru (east of the Cordillera Central), from Moyo- bamba and the Valley of Huayabamba south to Urubamba, Dept. Cuzco. i: Peru (Moyobamba i). *Myiophobus fasciatus crypterythrus (Sclater^. WESTERN BANDED FLYCATCHER. a Myiophobus fasciatus saturatus (BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN) : Easily distin- guishable from M. f. fasciatus and M. f. flammiceps by much darker, sepia upper parts (without any rufous tinge), less rufescent wing-bands, and conspicuously deeper, sulphur yellow belly. Wing (male) 59 (Moyobamba), 6o>£ (Santa Ana), 67 (Chiri- moto); tail 55, 58, 64; bill n. This seems to be a well-characterized form, although Bogotd specimens occasion- ally approach it in color of both upper and under parts. The size is extremely variable, the type being even larger than M. f. flammiceps, while a male from Moyobamba corresponds to the average measurements of M. f. fasciatus. In the coloration of the dorsal surface, it comes close to M. f. crypterythrus, but is more yellowish beneath and has the coronal patch lemon yellow instead of tawny. Material examined. — Peru: Chirimoto i, Moyobamba i, Santa Ana i. *> Myiophobus fasciatus crypterythrus (SCLATER) : Nearly allied to M. f. fasciatus, but upper parts much duller brown (without any rufous tinge) ; coronal patch tawny 254 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiobius crypterythrus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 464, 1860 — Pallatanga (type), Babahoyo, and Esmeraldas, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 558 — Guayaquil and Chimbo; idem, I.e., 1884, p. 297 — Cayan- deled; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 92 — Yaguachi, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1877, p. 326 — Tumbez; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Callacate, Prov. Chota; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 304, 1884 — Tumbez, Callacate; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 2 10, 1888 — western Ecuador; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 12, 1895 — Vina (Huamachuco) and Malca (Cajabamba); HARTERT, I.e., 5, p. 488, 1898 — Chimbo; idem, I.e., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Paramba and San Javier, Prov. Esme- raldas; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. n, 1899 — Vinces, Balzar, and Gualea; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geog. Mes. Arc M&id. Equat., 9, p. 657, 1911 — Mindo. Myiophobus fasciatus saturatus (not of BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN) BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 455, 1918 — Huancabamba, Prov. Piura. Range : Western Ecuador (north to Esmeraldas) and northern Peru (Tumbez, and upper Maranon Valley in depts. Piura, Cajamarca, and Libertad). 7: Ecuador (San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas i, Chimbo i); Peru (Hacienda Limon, ten miles west of Balsas 5). Myiophobus fasciatus cryptoxanthus (Sclater}*. SCLATER'S BANDED FLYCATCHER. Myiobius cryptoxanthus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 465, 1860 — Gualaquiza and Zamora, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, 1. c., 1885, p. 92 — Mapoto (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 211, 1888 — Sarayacu, Zamora, and Gualaquiza; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 12, 1899 — Zamora (spec, examined). Range : Eastern Ecuador (Zamora, Gualaquiza, Mapoto, Sarayacu). Myiophobus roraimae (Salvin and Godman)b. RORAIMA FLYCATCHER. (very rarely yolk-yellow); wing-bands less rufescent; auriculars grayish instead of cinnamomeous ; under parts pure white, with the markings on the chest dark gray instead of brown. Wing (male) 57-60, (female) 54-56; tail 53-56, (female) 50-53. Specimens from Chimbo and Esmeraldas are precisely similar, while birds from the Maranon Valley, by slightly browner back and a faint yellowish tinge on the abdomen, show a decided approach to Af. /. saturatus, of eastern Peru. Material examined. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: San Javier 6, Pambilar i, Paramba 3; Chimbo 3. Peru: Vina (Huamachuco) 2, Hacienda Limon, west of Bal- sas 5. • Myiophobus fasciatus cryptoxanthus (SCLATER) : Above similar to M. f. cryp- terythrus, but coronal patch lemon-yellow; under parts sulphur yellow, chest obso- letely spotted with grayish olive; similar also to M. f. saturatus, but smaller; upper parts much lighter, more grayish brown; ventral surface more yellowish, with the pectoral markings more olivaceous. Wing (two males) 59; tail 53-55. Material examined. — Ecuador: Mapoto i, Rio Zamora i. b Myiophobus roraimae is a very peculiar species and stands quite by itself. Material examined. — British Guiana: Roraima 4. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 255 Myiobius roraimae SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (5) i, p. 207, 1883 — Roraima; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 297 — Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 208, pi. 18, 1888 — Roraima and Twek-quay, Carimang River; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 216, 1921 — same localities. Range: Mountains of British Guiana (Roraima and Twek-quay). Genus HIRUNDINEA Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny. Hirundinea LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 46, 1837 — type by monotypy Tyrannus bellicosus VIEILLOT. Phoneutria REICHENBACH, Av. Syst. Nat., pi. 67, 1850 — no type specified. Hirundinea ferruginea ferruginea (Gmelin). BLACK-TAILED SWALLOW- FLYCATCHER. Todus ferrugineus GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (i), p. 446, 1788 — based on "Ferruginous- bellied Tody" Latham, Gen. Syn. Birds, i (2), p. 662, Cayenne (type now in Vienna Museum examined). Hirundinea ferruginea PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 113, 1868 — Cachoeira do Tu- nuhy, Rio Icanna (spec, examined); SCLATER, Ibis, 1869, p. 196, pi. 5, fig. 2 — Cayenne and Rio Icanna (descr.); PELZELN, I.e., 1873, p. 27 — Cayenne (note on type in Vienna Museum) ; SCLATER, I.e., 1882, p. 164 — Guiana and "Ama- zonia inferior"; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 297 — Roraima, Brit. Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 195, 1888 — Roraima, Mt. Twek-quay, Rio Icanna; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 130, 1908 — Cayenne; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 213, 1921 — Mt. Roraima and Mt. Twek-quay. Range: French and British Guiana; northern Brazil (Mountain near the Cachoeira do Tunuhy, Rio Icanna, upper Rio Negro) a. ^Hirundinea ferruginea sclateri Reinhardtb. SCLATER'S SWALLOW- FLYCATCHER. H[irundinea] sclateri REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 337, in text — based on Hirundinea bellicosa (not of VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Ibis, 1869, p. 196, pi. 5, fig. i, Bogotd (Mus. Brit.) and Peru (Mus. Copenhagen); SCLATER, Ibis, 1882, p. 164 — Peru and Colombia; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 21 — Chirimoto, Peru; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 297, 1884 — Puma- marca, Ninabamba, Chirimoto; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 195, 1888 — Bogota; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 366 — [Rio Reiter,] Chanchamayo, and Garita del Sol, Vitoc; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 89, •Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne (the type) i. British Guiana: Roraima i. Brazil: near Cachoeira do Tunuhy, Rio Icanna 4. b Hirundinea ferruginea sclateri REINHARDT: Differs principally from H. f. fer- ruginea by having the inner web of the rectrices (except on middle pair) to within about an inch of their extremities bright tawny. Material examined. — Peru: Rio Reiter, Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin i ; Chinchao, Huanuco 2; Pacaymayo, near Santa Ana, Urubamba, Dept. Cuzco i. Colombia: Bogota 2. 2 $6 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 1906 — Pacaymayo, near Santa Ana, Urubamba; MENEGAUX, Rev. Prang, d' Orn., x, p. 322, 1910 — Nuevo Loreto, east of Tayabamba, Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 464, 1917 — on the trail between Quetame and Buenavista, east slope of Eastern Andes; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 96, 1921 — Colpani and Paltaybamba, Urubamba, Peru. Myiarchus ferr ugineus (not of GMELIN) TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 273, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p 154, 1846 — Peru. Hirundinea ferruginea SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — Bogotd. Hirundinea bellicosa (not of VIEILLOT) SCLATER, Ibis, 1869, p. 196, pi. 5, fig. i — Bogota and Peru; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 537 — Ninabamba. Range: Arid tropical Zone of eastern Colombia (Bogota, Quetame- Buenavista trail) and Peru (south to the Urubamba region) . 2: Peru (Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco 2). ^Hirundinea bellicosa bellicosa (Vieilloi). AZARA'S SWALLOW-FLY- CATCHER. Tyrannus betticosus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 35, p. 74, 1819 — based on Azara, No. 189, Paraguay. Tyrannus pyrrhophaius VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. 6d., 35, p. 75, 1819 — Brazil. Muscicapa rupestris WIED, Reise Brasil., i, p. 345 (8° ed., p. 342), 1820 — Rio Belmonte, Bahia. Platyrynchos rupestris WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 977, 1831 — Rivers Belmonte, Espirito Santo, Ilhe'os, southeastern Brazil. Platyrhynchus hirundinaceus £PIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. n, pi. 13, fig. i, 1825 — interior of Brazil (type lost; see Hellmayr, Abhdl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 645, 1906). Muscivora ferruginea (not of GMELIN) BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 505, 1856 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes; EULER, Joum. Orn., 15, p. 232, 1867 — Cantagallo (nest and egg descr.). Hirundinea rupestris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 113, 1868 — Marambaya (Rio), Ypanema, Itarare', and Capivari (Sao Paulo); SCLATER, Ibis, 1869, p. 198, pi. 5, fig. 3 — Brazil (char.). Hirundo bellicosa REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 334 — Lagoa Santa, Sete Lagoas, Santa Luzia, Resaquinha, and Barbacena (Minas Geraes), Rio Mugy (Sao Paulo), Novo Friburgo and Taipu (Rio); FORBES, Ibis, 1 88 1, p. 343 — Parahyba, Quipapd and Macuca (Pernambuco) ; SCLATER, I.e., 1882, p. 164 — part, Paraguay and Brazil; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 135, 1885 — Taquara and Linha Piraja, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 196, 1888 — part, spec, a-j, Pernambuco, Bahia, "Rio Claro, Goyaz," Ypanema, "Pelotas," Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer, Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 234, 1889 — Rio Belmonte (note on Wied's type); idem, I.e., 4, p. 338, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 257 Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — Puerto Francia and Colonia Risso, Paraguay; idem, I.e., 15, No. 378, p. 7, 1900 — Urucum, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Annu- ario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 200, 1899 — Sao Sebastiao and Iguape\ Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4i P- J55. 19°° — Cantagallo, Rio; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz. i, p. 287, 1907 — Iguape', Franca, Itarare", Itapura, Sao Sebastiao, Bauru (Sao Paulo), Vargem Alegre (Minas Geraes), Ourinho (Parana); HELLMAYR, Nov .Zool., 15, p. 51, 1908 — Goyaz; REISER, Denies, math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 75, 1910 — Catuny (Bahia), Paranagua and Fazenda Buriti (Piauhy); CHROS- TOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 482, 498, 1912 — Rio Claro, Parana; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 10, p. 334, 1918 — Villa Lutetia, near San Ignacio, Misiones; PINTO-PEIXOTO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 263, 1923 — Monte Serrat, Itatiaya. Range: Brazil, from Maranhao, Piauhy, and Ceara south to Rio Grande do Sul, west to Matto Grosso; Paraguay; northeastern Argen- tina (Misiones)8. 6: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio i ; Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i; Quixada, Ceara i; Tranqueira i, Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao 2). *Hirundinea bellicosa pallidior Hartert and Goodsonb. PALE-BELLIED SWALLOW-FLY CAT CHER. Hirundinea bellicosa pallidior HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 411, 1917 — Salta, Cachi; HELLMAYR, I.e., 32, p. 24, 1925 — Chiquitos, Cochabamba, Chuquisaca (crit.). Hirundinea bellicosa (not of VIEILLOT) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn, Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 46, 1837 — Cochabamba, Chiquitos, Chuquisaca; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me"rid., Ois., p. 314, 1839 — same localities; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 607 — Fuerte de Andalgala, Catamarca (spec, ex- amined); SCLATER, Ibis, 1882, p. 164 — part, Catamarca; ScLATERand HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 151, 1888 — part, Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 196, 1888 — part, spec, k-n, Catamarca, and Tilotilo, Bolivia; STEMPEL- MANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 186, 1902 — Tucuman, Tapia, Rio Calera; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 50, 1905 — same localities; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 201, 1909 — Catamarca, Tapia, Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. "Material examined. — Ceara: Quixada i. Maranhao 3. Bahia 5. Minas Geraes: AguaSuja near Bagagem 3, Lagoa Santa i. Sao Paulo 5. Rio GrandedoSul: Taquara2. Goyaz 8. Matto Grosso : Chapada 2. Paraguay: Colonia Risso i . b Hirundinea bellicosa pallidior HARTERT and GOODSON: Similar to H. b. bellicosa, but upper parts lighter earthy-brown; tawny edges to wing-coverts much wider; blackish tips to rectrices shorter. Material examined. — Argentina: Fuerte de Andalgala, Catamarca 2, Tapia, Tucuman i. Bolivia: Chicani 3, San Antonio, Dept. La Paz i, Cochabamba i, Chuquisaca i, Samaipata, Dept. Santa Cruz 2; Chiquitos i. 258 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 342 — range in Argentina; DINELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 145, 1918 — Tucuman (nest and egg descr.); GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 72, 1923 — La Rioja. Hirundinea rupestris (not of WIED) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 615 — Tilotilo and D'Orbigny's localities, Bolivia. Range: Bolivia and western Argentina (from Salta south to La Rioja and Cordoba). i: Argentina (Tucumdn i). Genus ONYCHORHYNCHUS Fischer. Onychorhynchus FISCHER, Zoognosia, i, p. 31, 42, 1813 — type by implication Todus regius GMELIN = Muscicapa coronata MULLER (see OBERHOLSER, Auk, 18, p. 193, 1901). Muscipeta CUVIER, Regne Anim., i, p. 344, Dec. 1816 — type by subs, desig. Todus regius GMELIN. Megalophus SWAINSON, Classif. Birds, 2, p. 257, June 1837 — type by monotypy Megalophus regius SWAINSON = Muscivora swainsoni PELZELN. ^Onychorhynchus coronatus coronatus (Mutter}. ROYAL FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa coronata P. L. S. MULLER, Natursyst., Suppl., p. 168, 1776 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 289, Cayenne. Todus cristatus MEUSCHEN ("Musculus") in Walch, Der Naturforscher, 17, p. 21, pi. (i), 1782 — no locality given*. Todus regius GMELIN, Syst. Nat., I (i), p. 445, 1788 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 289, Cayenne. Muscivora regia PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 112, 1868 — Serra Carauman, Rio Branco (spec, examined); LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 383 — Para (spec, examined); SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 297 — Camacusa, British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 192, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, h, Camacusa, Oyapoc, Cayenne, Para; RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diamantina, Santarem; PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 252, 1910 — Surinam. Muscivora coronata BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 48, 1902 — La Pricion and Nicare, Caura River, Venezuela (spec, examined); ANDRE, A Naturalist in the Guianas, p. 158, col. pi., 1904 — La Pricion. Onychorhynchus coronatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 12, 1907 — Urucurituba, Rio Tapaj6z; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 130, i$o8 — Cayenne, Oyapock; HELL- MAYR, Abhdl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Nazare", Para; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 393, 1914 — Para, Rio Moju, Rio Tocantins (Cameta, Arumatheua), Rio Tapajtfz (Villa Braga); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 242, 1916 — Caura River; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 212, 1921 — Ituribisi River, Cotinga River, Tiger Creek, Camacusa. a The strongly barred chest clearly shows T. cristatus MEUSCHEN to be the Guianan, not the Mexican species. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 259 Range: Eastern Venezuela (Caura Valley); British, Dutch, and French Guiana ; northern Brazil (Rio Branco, and south of the Amazon from Para to the Tapaj6z) ». 4: British Guiana (Mazaruni River 2); Brazil (Conceicao, Rio Branco i, Rio Xingu i). Onychorhynchus coronatus castelnaui D#villeb. CASTELNAU'S ROYAL FLYCATCHER. Onychorhynchus castelnaui DEVILLE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) i, p. 56, 1849 — mission de Sarayacu, Pampa del Sacramento, Peru (types in Paris Museum exam- ined). Muscipeta regia (not of GMELIN) D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. mend., Ois., p. 317, 1839 — Yuracares, Bolivia. Megalophus castelnaui DES MURS in Castelnau, Expgd. Amer. Sud, Ois., p. 55, 1856 — Sarayacu, Peru. Muscivora castelnaudi SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 978, 981 — • Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 280 — 'Chamicuros and Pebas, Peru (spec, examined) ; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 295, 1884 — Sarayacu, Chamicuros, Pebas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 192, 1888 — part, spec, f, g, Pebas, Chami- curos. Onychorhynchus coronatus (not of MULLER) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 356, 1907 — Humaytha, Rio Madeira (crit.); idem, I.e., 17, p. 299, 1910 — Humay- tha; idem, I.e., 32, p. 27, 1925 — Yuracares, Bolivia. Onychorhynchus coronatus castelnaudi CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 464, 1917 — Villavicencio, Colombia. Range: Upper Amazonia, from eastern Colombia (Villavicencio) through eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo) and Peru to northern Bolivia (Yuracares), east to the left bank of the Rio Madeira (Humaytha), western Brazil. Onychorhynchus swainsoni (Pelzeln)*. SWAINSON'S ROYAL FLY- CATCHER. a Specimens from the lower Amazon appear to be identical with the Guianan ones. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 2,^Saint Jean du Maroni i. Suri- nam (unspecified) i. British Guiana: Camacusa i, Mazaruni River 4. Brazil: Para 2, Rio Branco 3, Urucurituba, Rio Tapaj6z 2, Rio Xingu i. Venezuela, Caura Valley: La Pricion i, Nicare 2. b Onychorhynchus coronatus castelnaui DEVILLE: Similar to 0. c. coronatus, but upper tail-coverts unbarred ; under parts deeper ochraceous ; size on average smaller. Wing (male) 76-78 (against 78-81); tail 61-63 (against 62-65). Material examined. — Peru: Chamicuros i, Pebas i, Sarayacu (the types) 2. Brazil: Humaytha, Rio Madeira i. • Onychorhynchus swainsoni (PELZELN), like the remaining members of the genus, is in all probability conspecific with O. coronatus, but in view of its striking differences 260 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscivora swainsoni PELZELN, Sitzungsber. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 31, p. 326, 1858 — "Island of Juan Fernandez," errore, we suggest Rio de Janeiro (type in Vienna Museum examined); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 192, 1888 — Brazil; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo. Muscipeta regia (not of GMELIN) WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 944, 1831 — southern Brazil. Megalophus regius SWAINSON, Orn. Draw., Part 4, pi. 51, 52, 1836 (?) — Brazil; idem, Natur. Libr., Orn., 10 (Flycatchers), p. 145, pi. 15 (cf), 1838 — no locality stated; BURMEISTER, Syst. tJbers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 504, 1856 — near Novo Friburgo, Rio. Muscivora regia BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., i, p. 165, 1853 — Macahe', Rio Grande, Rio (egg descr.). Platyrhyncus regius DESCOURTILZ, Ornith. Bre"sil.,p.22, pi. 24, fig. 3, 1856 — Serra of Novo Friburgo. Onychorhynchus swainsoni IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 289, 1907 — Bauru, Sao Paulo; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 51, 1908 — Villa Boa, Goyaz; IHER- ING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, p. 441, 481, pi. 8, fig. 8 (egg), pi. 9, fig. 2 (nest) 1914 — Theophilo Ottoni, Minas Geraes. Range : Mountain ranges of southeastern Brazil, in states of Minas Geraes (Theophilo Ottoni), Rio de Janeiro (Macahe", Novo Friburgo, Cantagallo), Sao Paulo (Bauru), and (?) Goyaz (Villa Boa). *Onychorhynchus occidentalis (Sclater). WESTERN ROYAL FLY- CATCHER. Muscivora occidentalis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 282, 1860 — Babahoyo, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 557 — Guayaquil; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 194, 1888 — Babahoyo, Balzar, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Vinces and Balzar, Ecuador. Megalophus aequatorialis TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 332 — Palmal. Range : Tropical Zone of western Ecuador. 2: Ecuador (Milagro 2). ^Onychorhynchus mexicanus mexicanus (Sclater). MEXICAN ROYAL FLYCATCHER. Muscivora mexicana SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, "1856," p. 295, Jan. 1857 — Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Mexico; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 193, 1888 — part, spec, a-k, British Honduras, Choctum, Chisec, El Paraiso, and Vera I have provisionally accorded it specific rank. The locality Villa Boa is perhaps open to doubt. Material examined. — Brazil: Rio de Janeiro 7, "Juan Fernandez" (the type) i, Villa Boa, Goyaz i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 261 Paz, Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 53, pl- 39. fig- !> 2» *889 — part, Mexico, Guatemala, British Honduras, Honduras. Onychorhynchus mexicanus DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 103, 1907 — Patulul, Guatemala. Onychorhynchus mexicanus mexicanus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, P- 354> J9Q7 — Mexico to Honduras (monog., full bibliography). Range : Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, and Yucatan) and Guatemala; (?) Honduras. 2: Guatemala (Chisec i, Patulul i). *Onychorhynchus mexicanus fraterculus Bangs*. COLOMBIAN ROYAL FLYCATCHER. Onychorhynchus mexicanus fraterculus BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 86, 1902 — Santa Marta, Colombia; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 356, 1907 — Nicaragua to Santa Marta, Colombia (monog., full bibliogra- phy); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 302, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and El Pozo de Terraba, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 734, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and eggs descr.) ; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 216, 1912 — Mt. Sapo, Rio Esnape, and Jesusito, Darien; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 386, 1922 — Bonda, Cacagualito, Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Minca, and Don Diego (crit.). Muscivora mexicana (not of SCLATER 1857) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, p. 202 — Manaure; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 193, 1888 — part, spec. 1-a', Costa Rica, Veragua, Chiriqui, Paraiso Station, Panama, Manaure, Santa Marta; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 53, 1889 — part, Nicaragua to Colombia; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 137, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 145, 1900 — Bonda, Minca, and Cacagualito. Range: Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and through Panama south to northern Colombia (Santa Marta region). 5: Nicaragua (Matagalpa i); Costa Rica (Orosi 2, Terraba i, Lagarto i). Subfamily PLATYRINCHINAE. Genus PLATYRINCHUS Desmarestb. Platyrinchus DESMAREST, Hist. Nat. Tang., Manakins et Todiers, livr. 4, [p. 2 of unpaged text (generalities), preceding pi. 72], 1805 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1840, p. 31) Todus platyrhynchos GMELIN. • This is a very unsatisfactory race. Ten specimens from the Santa Marta district, when compared with an equal series from Mexico and Guatemala, are indeed some- what smaller, with shorter bill, and slightly paler below. However, birds from Costa Rica and Panama are so variously intermediate that it is largely a matter of personal opinion whether to refer them to the southern rather than the northern form. b Platyrinchus flavigularis combines the characters of the several groups into which the genus has lately been subdivided, and I do not see on what grounds Placostomus and Platytriccus can be maintained. 262 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Placoslomus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 208, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Platyrhynchus superciliaris LAWRENCE. Platytriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 211, 1905 — type by orig. desig. " Platyrhynchus cancroma SCLATER" (lapsus) = P. cancrominus SCLATER and SALVIN. Platyrinchus platyrhynchos (Gmelin). BRAZILIAN FLAT-BILL. Todus platyrhynchos GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (i), p. 446, 1788 — based on "Generis Todi species octava" PALLAS, Spicil. Zool., i, fasc. 6, p. 19, pi. 3, fig. c, 1769 — • locality unknown, we suggest vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; DESMAREST, Hist. Nat. Tang. Manak., etTodiers, livr. 4, pi. 72, 1805 — locality unknown. Todus rostratus LATHAM, Ind. Orn., i, p. 268, 1790 — new name for Todus platy- rhynchos GMELIN. Platyrhynchos rostratus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e'd., 27, p. 12, 1818 — locality unknown. Platyrhynchos fuscus VIEILLOT, Galerie Ois., i (2), p. 201, pi. 126, 1824 — "Sene- gal." Platyrynchos leucoryphus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 974, 1831 — Itapemirim, Espirito Santo. Platyrhyncus albocapUlus DESCOURTILZ, Ornith. Br6s., p. 22, pi. 24, fig. 4, 1856 — foot of the Serra of Novo Friburgo, Prov. Rio. Platyrhynchus rostratus BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 500, 1856 — Brazil; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 65, 1888 — Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 228, 1889 (note on Wied's types). Platyrhynchus platyrhynchus IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 270, 1902 — Bauni, Sao Paulo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 263, 1907 — Bauru; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 577 — Sapucay, Paraguay. Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, in provinces of Espirito Santo (Itapemirim), Rio de Janeiro (Serra of Novo Friburgo), and Sao Paulo (Bauni), and Paraguay (Sapucay) a. Platyrinchus senex senex Sclater and Salvin. OCHREOUS-BELLIED FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus senex SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 156 — Sarayacu, Ecuador (types examined); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 224, 1884 — Yurimaguas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 65, 1888 — Sarayacu, Chamicuros. Platyrinchus senex senex HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 286, 1910 (crit., range). Range: Eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu) and northern Peru (Yurima- guas, Chamicuros) b. • Material examined. — Brazil: Rio de Janeiro 3. Paraguay: Sapucay i. b A single adult from Peru (Chamicuros) differs from the two typical examples from Sarayacu in larger size (wing 68, against 62-65 ; tail 37, against 32-33) and more rufescent back. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 263 Platyrinchus senex griseiceps Salvin*. GRAY-HEADED FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus griseiceps SALVIN, Bull. B. O. C., 7, p. XV, 1897 — "Annai" = Ourumee, British Guiana (type in British Museum examined); BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 37, 1902 — Suapure, La Pricion, Nicare, Caura River (spec, examined); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 397, 1914 — Obidos. Platyrhynchus rostratus (not of LATHAM) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — part, Serra Carauman (spec, examined). Platyrhynchus senex (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) HARTERT and HELLMAYR, Bull. B. O. C., 12, p. 64, 1902 — Serra Carauman, Rio Branco; PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 210, 1910 — Surinam (spec, examined). Platyrinchus senex griseiceps HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 286, i9io(monog., range). Platytriccus griseiceps CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 219, 1916 — Caura River. Placostomus griseiceps CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 143, 1921 — Ituribisi River, Supenaam, Bartica, Kamakabra Creek, Makauria River, Abary River. Range: Dutch and British Guiana; eastern Venezuela (Caura Valley) ; and northern Brazil, south to the north bank of the Amazon (Obidos). Platyrinchus senex nattereri Hartert and Hellmayrb. NATTERER'S FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus nattereri HARTERT and HELLMAYR, Bull. B. O. C., 12, p. 63, 1902 — Salto do Girao, Rio Madeira. Platyrhynchus rostratus (not of LATHAM) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — part, Salto do Girao. Platyrinchus senex nattereri HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 285, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira and Maroins, Rio Machados (crit.). Range: Central Brazil, on the right bank of the Rio Madeira (Calama, Salto do Girao) and its tributary, the Rio Machados. Platyrinchus senex amazonicus Berlepsch". AMAZONIAN FLAT-BILL. * Platyrinchus senex griseiceps SALVIN: Closely allied to P. s. senex, but top and sides of the head not so dark, slate gray rather than blackish; abdomen generally lighter, less ochraceous. Material examined. — British Guiana: Ourumee 4. Dutch Guiana: Interior of Surinam 8. Venezuela, Caura: Suapure i, La Pricion 2, Nicare i. Brazil: Serra Carauman i, Obidos i. b Platyrinchus senex nattereri HARTERT and HELLMAYR: Similar to P. s. griseiceps, but back and edges to remiges more olivaceous. Wing (male) 64-66, (female) 60; tail 34K-36, (female) 31. Material examined. — Salto do Girao (the type) i, Calama i, Maroins i. 0 Platyrinchus senex amazonicus BERLEPSCH: Closely related to P. s. nattereri, but abdomen pale yellow, more or less contrasting with the duller ochreous chest, 264 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Platyrhynchus griseiceps amazonicus BERLEPSCH, Ornith. Monatsber., 20, p. 20, 1912 — Peixe-Boi, Para (type examined); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 397, 1914 — Para, Mocojatuba, Maguary, Santa Isabel, Peixe-Boi, Rio Acara, Rio Tocantins (Alcobaca), Rio Iriri (Bocca do Curud), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim). * Platytriccus senex amazonicus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 88, 1912 — Peixe-Boi, Maguary, Santa Isabel (crit.). Range: Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from Para west to the Tapaj6z. ^Platyrinchus flavigularis Sclater*. YELLOW-THROATED FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus flavigularis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 382 — Bogotd; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 65, pi. 8, fig. i, 1888 — Bogota; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 359 — La Gloria, Chanchamayo, Peru. Platytriccus flavigularis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 433, 1917 — La Candela, Colombia. Range : Northwestern Venezuela (Guarico, State of Lara) , Colombia (La Candela, near San Agustin, Huila) and Peru (Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco; La Gloria, Dept. Junin). 3: Colombia (Bogota i); Peru (Huachipa 2). ^Platyrinchus saturatus Salvin and Godman. CINNAMON-CRESTED FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus saturatus SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (4) 6, p. 78, 1882 — Merume' Mts., British Guiana (type in British Museum examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 292 — Merume1 Mts. and Camacusa; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 66, 1888 — same localities; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, P- 37, 1902 — Nericagua, R. Orinoco and La Pricion, Caura, Venezuela (spec, examined); PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 212, 1910 — Surinam; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 397, 1914 — Ananindeua, Santa Isabel, and Peixe-Boi (Pard), Rio Jary (Sao Antonio da Cachoeira), Obidos, Rio Jamunda (Faro). Platyrinchus saturatus BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 131, 1908 — Ipousin, Rio Approuague, French Guiana. while the sides of the latter are more decidedly tinged with brownish. Wing (male) 63-65, (female) 60-61; tail 33^2-36, (female) 30-34. Material examined. — Pard i, Peixe-Boi 2, Maguary i, Santa Isabel 2, Rio Acard i ; Bocca do Curud, Rio Iriri i. • Platyrinchus flavigularis, a small edition of P. platyrhynchos, may be readily distinguished by its bright yellow under parts, olivaceous pectoral band, more green- ish back, etc. An adult male from Guarico, Lara, Venezuela (Carnegie Museum, No. 36813) agrees perfectly with Bogota skins and specimens from La Candela, Colombia, while those from Peru have the back of a somewhat richer green. Material examined. — Venezuela: Guarico, Lara i. Colombia: Bogotd 3, La Candela, Huila 3. Peru: Huachipa 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 265 Platytriccus saturates HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 20, 88, 1912 — Peixe-Boi, Para (crit., range); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 222, 1916 — Nericagua and La Pricion. Placostomus saturates CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 145, pi. 3, fig. 2, 1921 — Ituribisi River, Bartica, Kamakabra Creek, Bonasica, Makauria, Abary, and Anarica River. Range: Southern Venezuela (Nericagua, above the falls of Mai- pures, Orinoco River; La Pricion, Caura Valley); British, Dutch, and French Guiana; northern Brazil (north bank of lower Amazon, west to the Jamunda; south of the river, from Para east to western Maranhao)". i: Brazil (Tury-assu, Maranhao i). Platyrinchus mystaceus bifasciatus Alien*. DOUBLE-BANDED FLAT- BILL. Platyrhynchus bifasciatus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 141, 1889 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; idem, I.e., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Chapada; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 263, 1907 — Matto Grosso. Range: Southwestern Brazil, in State of Matto Grosso (Chapada). *Platyrinchus mystaceus mystaceus Vieillot. YELLOW-CRESTED FLAT- BILL. Platyrhynchos(us) mystaceus VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. £d., 27, p. 14, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 173, Paraguay0; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro and Ypanema (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 352 — Lagoa Santa and Sete Lagoas (Minas Geraes), Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema (Sao Paulo); BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 258, 1873 — Blumenau, Santa Catharina; idem and IHER- ING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 129, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond.f"i882, p. 605 — San Javier, Misiones; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 136, 1888 — San Javier (range excl. Guiana); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 67, 1888 — part, spec, i-s, Bahia, Pelotas, Brazil; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; a Four specimens from Brazil (Para and Maranhao) are slightly paler below and have the lower mandible mostly grayish. Material examined. — Venezuela: Nericagua, Orinoco River i ; La Pricion, Caura 2, La Union, Caura i. British Guiana: Merum6 Mts. (the type) i. French Guiana: Saint Jean du Maroni 2, Ipousin, Rio Approuague i. Dutch Guiana: hinterland of Paramaribo 2. Brazil: Peixe-Boi, Para 3, Tury-assu, Maranhao i. b Platyrinchus mystaceus bifasciatus ALLEN : Easily distinguished from P. m. mystaceus by decidedly olive green (instead of dark buffy citrine) upper parts; two prominent wing-bands, formed by the deep buffy tips to the median and greater wing coverts; and deeper, more ochraceous belly. Wing (male) 55-58, (female) 5 1-53 ; tail 28-32. Eight specimens from the type locality examined. e We suggest San Ignacio Guazu (in southern Paraguay), the residence of Noseda who supplied Azara with the description of the bird. 266 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 125, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 182, 1899 — Tiete" and Piquete, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo, Rio; idem, I.e., 5, p. 295, 1902 (nest descr.); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 263, 1907 — Ypiranga, Sao Paulo, Ubatuba, Itarare", Avanhandava, Tiete", Osasco, Baurii, Piquete (Sao Paulo), Ourinho (Parand), Novo Hamburgo (Rio Grande do Sul); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, P- 577 — Sapucay, Paraguay; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 71, 1910 — Sao Goncalinho and Riacho da Raiz, Piauhy; idem, I.e., p. 157, 1925 — same localities; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 480, 497, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parana. Platyrhynchos cancroma TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 2, pi. 12, fig. 2, 1820 — Brazil. Platyrhynchus cancromus SWAINSON, Zool. 111., 2, pi. 115 (=female), 1822 — Brazil; idem, Nat. Libr., Orn., 10, p. 158, pi. 17 ( = male), 1838 — Brazil. Todus cancroma LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 51, 1823 — Bahia. Platyrhyncus cancromus DESCOURTILZ, Orn. Br6sil., p. 22, pi. 24, fig. 5, 1856 — Brazil. Platyrhynchus cancroma BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 500, 1856 — Sete Lagoas, Minas Geraes; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 87, 1874 — Canta- gallo, Rio. Platytriccus mystaceus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 324, 1910 — San Javier, Misiones; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Alto Parand, Paraguay; DABBENE, El Hornero, i, p. 98, 1918 — Santa Ana, Misiones; BERTONI, I.e., p. 190, 1918 (nest descr.). Range: Wooded region of eastern Brazil, from Maranhao south to Rio Grande do Sul, and adjacent districts of Argentina (Misiones) and Paraguay6. 14: Brazil (Ypiranga, Sao Paulo 2; Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i ; Rosario, Maranhao 6, Grajahu, Maranhao i) ; Argentina, Misiones (Puerto Segundo 3, Eldorado i). Platyrinchus mystaceus insularis Allen*. VENEZUELAN FLAT-BILL. a Material examined. — Brazil, Maranhao 7 ; Bahia 2 ; Rio de Janeiro 2 ; Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i; Sao Paulo, Ypanema 8, Ypiranga 2, Piquete 3; Rosa Nova, Serra do Mar, Parand i ; Rio Grande do Sul, Taquara do Mundo Novo i, Sao Joao do Monte Negro i. Argentina, Misiones: Puerto Segundo 3, Eldorado i. b Platyrinchus mystaceus insularis ALLEN: Similar to P. m. mystaceus, but somewhat larger (wing of adult male 55-59, against 52-55); upper parts decidedly paler and more greenish; under parts as a rule also paler, with less, if any, ochreous suffusion on chest and flanks. Birds from the Venezuelan north coast are obviously inseparable from those of Trinidad and Tobago, while some of the skins from Roraima and the Orinoco Valley, by more brownish back, form the passage to P. m. mystaceus. Material examined. — Tobago: Man o' War Bay 2, Castare 2, Mondland i. Trini- dad: Caparo 14, Laventille i. Venezuela: San Felix, Bermudez i; Loma Redonda, Caracas Mts. i; Cumbre de Valencia 4, Las Quiguas, Carabobo 4; near Bucarito, Tocuyo, Lara 2; Caicara, R. Orinoco i. British Guiana: Roraima 4. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 267 Platyrhynchus insularis ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 143, 1889 — Tobago. Platyrhynchus cancromus (not of TEMMINCK) JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 331, 1847 — Tobago; LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 243, 1866 — Trinidad. Platyrhynchus albogularis (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 252 — Lake of Valencia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 67, 1888 — part, spec, d, e, San Esteban, Venezuela. Platyrhynchus mystaceus (not of VIEILLOT) SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 292 — Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 67, 1888 — part, spec, a-h, Tobago, Ro- raima and Mt. Twek-quay (British Guiana); DALMAS, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, 13, p. 138, 1900 — Tobago. Platyrhynchus mystaceus subsp.? BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 37, 1902 — Caicara, Rio Orinoco. Platyrhynchus mystaceus insularis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 37, 1894 — Trinidad; ROBINSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 18, p. 684, 1896 — La Guaira; idem and RICHMOND, I.e., 24, p. 174, 1901 — La Guaira; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 22, 1906 — Laventille and Caparo, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 189, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad. Platytriccus insularis CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 360, 1908 — Carenage and Aripo, Trinidad. Platytriccus mystaceus insularis HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 74, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia and Las Quiguas, Carabobo (crit.); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 220, 1916 — Las Barrancas and Caicara, Orinoco River. Placoslomus insularis CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 144, 1921 — Roraima and Mt. Twek-quay. Range: Islands of Tobago and Trinidad; northern Venezuela, from Bermudez west to the State of Lara (Tocuyo), south to the Orinoco Valley (Las Barrancas; Caicara); British Guiana (Roraima and Mt. Twek-quay). *Platyrinchus mystaceus zamorae (Chapman)*. ZAMORA FLAT-BILL. Platytriccus albogularis zamorae CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 5, 1924 — Zamora, Prov. Loja, eastern Ecuador. Platyrhynchus albigularis (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, P- 233 — Tambillo; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 255, 1884 — Tambillo; idem and , P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 88 — Machay, Ecuador. a Platyrinchus mystaceus zamorae (CHAPMAN) : Nearly related to P. m. albo- gularis, but under parts much paler, massicot yellow or cream color, the chest and sides faintly tinged with pale buffy brownish instead of being strongly washed with old gold; back as a rule more rufescent (slightly more reddish than medal bronze); mandible with a distinct pale grayish tip. Wing (male) 59-62, (female) 54; tail 33-37, (female) 28. Material examined. — Ecuador: Sabanilla, Rio Zamora i, below San Jos6 de Sumarco i, Baeza i. Peru: Huachipa i, Chinchao i. 268 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Zamora, Sabanilla, below San Jose de Sumarco, Baeza, Machay) and northern Peru, south to Dept. Junin. 2: Peru (Huachipa i, Chinchao, Dept. Hudnuco i). *Platyrinchus mystaceus neglectus (Toddy. NEGLECTED FLAT-BILL. Platytriccus albogularis neglectus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 114, 1919 — La Colorada, Boyaca, Colombia (type examined) ; idem and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 380, 1922 — Cincinnati, Las Vegas, and Pueblo Viejo, Santa Marta region (crit.). Platyrhynchus cancroma (not of TEMMINCK) CASSIN, Proc. Ac. N. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 144 — Rio Truando. Platyrhynchus albogularis (not of SCLATER 1860) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 67, 1888 — part, spec, f-o, Calovevora, Calobre, Veragua, Chiriqui, Naranjo and Irazii (Costa Rica); BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 96, 1899 — La Conception; idem, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 34, 1902 — Boquete and Volcan de Chiriqui. Platytriccus albogularis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 384, 1907 — part, Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 727, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits). Range: Eastern and northern Colombia (La Colorada, State of Boyaca; Santa Marta region; Rio Truando); Panama (Veragua.Chiri- qui) and Costa Rica (chiefly on the Caribbean slope). i : Panama (Boquete, Chiriqui i). *Platyrinchus mystaceus albogularis Sclater*. WHITE-THROATED FLAT- BILL. • Platyrinchus mystaceus neglectus (Toon) : Closely similar to P. m. zamorae, but upper parts much lighter, even paler and more olivaceous than in P. m. albo- gularis, with the crown laterally less obscured, and the edges to the wing coverts and quills much less rufescent; coloration of under parts intermediate between zamorae and albogularis, averaging rather brighter with more buffy suffusion on chest and sides than in the former, yet decidedly paler than in the latter; lower mandible tipped with pale grayish as in zamorae. Wing (male) 59-61, (female) 53-56; tail 32-36, (female) 28-31. Two adult males from Boquete (Chiriqui) agree perfectly with the Colombian series, and I have little doubt that specimens from Costa Rica, universally referred to albogularis, will also prove to belong with the present form. Material examined. — Colombia: La Colorada, Boyaca (the type) i, Pueblo Viejo, Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta i, Cincinnati 3, Las Vegas 6. Panama: Boquete, Chiriqui 2. b Platyrinchus mystaceus albogularis SCLATER: Differs from the other Andean races by much deeper yellow (between Naples and mustard yellow) under parts with a strong tinge of old gold on chest and sides, and nearly wholly black mandible. The back is dark brownish olive (between medal bronze and dark citrine), conspicuously darker than in neglectus, but less brownish than in zamorae while the wing-coverts 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 269 Platyrhynchus albogularis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 68, 1860 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., p. 92, 1860 — Nanegal; idem, I.e., p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas; BER- LEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 553 — Chimbo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 67, pi. 8, fig. 2, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Pallatanga, Nanegal, Santa Rita; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Chimbo; idem, I.e., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Paramba; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — Rio Peripa; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 702 — San Nicolas and Gualea. Platytriccus mystaceus albogularis HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1125 — Pueblo Rico, San Juan slopes of Western Andes, Colombia. Platytriccus albogularis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 433, 1917 — Las Lomitas (Western Andes), La Manuelita and Rio Frio (Cauca Valley), La Candela, head of Magdalena Valley, Colombia. Range: Western Ecuador and western Colombia (Pacific slope of Western Andes; Cauca Valley; head of Magdalena Valley). i: Ecuador (Chimbo i). *Platyrinchus cancrominus Sclater and Salvin*. MEXICAN FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus cancrominus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1860, p. 299 — Choctum, Vera Paz, Guatemala; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 66, 1888 — Guatemala. Platytriccus cancrominus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 382, 1907 — southern Mexico to western Costa Rica (monog., full references); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 728, 1910 — northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Platytriccus cancrominus dilutus MILLER and GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 139, p. 4, 1925 — Volcan Viejo, Nicaragua. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco, Yuca- tan, and Chiapas), south through Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to western Costa Ricab. 5: Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega i, San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 2); Costa Rica (Orosi i, Tenorio i). and remiges are as distinctly edged with rufescent as in the last-named race. Wing (male) 58-60; tail 29-32. Specimens from the West Colombian Andes slightly diverge toward P. m. neglec- tus. Material examined. — Ecuador: Chimbo 4, Mindo 2, San Nicolas 3, Esmeraldas i, Paramba i. Colombia: Pueblo Rico i, Las Lomitas i. •I would unhesitatingly regard this "species" as a member of the mystaceus group were it not for the fact that Carriker (I.e., p. 727, 728) records both P. cancro- minus and P. mystaceus'1 albogularis" [probably neglectus] from a number of localities in Costa Rica. b After examining the large series in the British Museum I am unable to recognize P. c. dilutus as distinct. 270 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Platyrinchus coronatus coronatus Sclater. GOLDEN-CROWNED FLAT- BILL. Platyrhynchus coronatus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 26, p. 71, 1858 — Rio Napo, Ecuador (type in British Museum examined) ; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 207, pi. 17, 1862 — Ecuador; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 68, 1888 — Sarayacu, Ecuador; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — falls of the Rio Madeira; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — part, spec, a, Rio Santiago; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 397, 1914 — Rio Curua (Mai. de Manuelsinho), Rio Jamauchim (Tucunare', Salto Grande). Platyrhynchus coronatus coronatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 354, 355, 1907 — Humaytha and Paraizo, Rio Madeira (crit. ; range part, excl. Guianas). Platyrinchus coronatus coronatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 287, 1910 — • Calama, Rio Madeira and Maroins, Rio Machados. Placostomus coronatus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 433, 1917 — La Murelia, Rio Caqueta. Range: Amazonia, from southeastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta) south through eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo, Sarayacu, Rio Santiago) and eastern Peru (Puerto Bermudez, Ucayali drainage, Dept. Junin) to northern Bolivia (falls of the Rio Madeira) and through Brazil east to the Xingu*. i : Peru (Puerto Bermudez i). Platyrinchus coronatus gumia (Bangs and Penard)b. GUIANAN GOL- DEN-CROWNED FLAT-BILL. Placostomus coronatus gumia BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 74, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana. Platyrhynchus superciliaris (not of LAWRENCE) SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 292, 1885 — Bartica Grove, British Guiana and Albina, Surinam (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 68, 1888 — part, spec, i-m, Bartica Grove, Albina, Oyapoc; PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 211, 1910 — Surinam; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 398, 1914 — Rio Jary (Sao An- tonio da Cachoeira). Platyrhynchus coronatus coronatus (not of SCLATER) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, P- 355. 1917 — part, Ourumee and Bartica Grove (British Guiana), Oyapoc, and Albina, Surinam. B Specimens from Brazil agree with others from Ecuador. Material examined. — Ecuador: Rio Napo (the type) i, Sarayacu 3, Rio Santiago i. Peru: Puerto Bermudez i . Brazil, Rio Madeira: Humaytha 4, Paraizo 2, Calama 5 ; Maroins, Rio Machados 3; Rio Jamauchim i. b Platyrinchus coronatus gumia (BANGS and PENARD) : Closely allied to P. c. coronatus, but under parts much brighter, purer (not buffy) yellow, with very little, if any, brownish suffusion on the breast; size on average smaller. Wing (male) 54-56, (female) 55; tail 23-26. Material examined. — French Guiana: Oyapoc i. Dutch Guiana: Albina i. British Guiana: Bartica Grove 2, Ourumee 2. Brazil: Rio Jary i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 271 Platyrinchus superciliaris BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 131, 1908 — Oyapoc, Cayenne. Placostomus superciliaris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 379, 1907 — part, British Guiana and Cayenne. Placostomus gumia CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 146, 1921 — Ituribisi River, Kamakabra Creek, and Arawai River, British Guiana. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana, and northern Brazil, south to the north bank of the lower Amazon (Rio Jary). *Platyrinchus coronatus superciliaris Lawrence*. WESTERN GOLDEN- CROWNED FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus superciliaris LAWRENCE, Ibis, s» ?• 184, 1863 — Isthmus of Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 68, 1888 — part, spec, a-h, Santa Fe" (Veragua), Bugaba and Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 6, 1888 — part, Central American records; BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 361, 1901 — Divala, Chiriqui; idem, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 34, 1902 — Caribbean slope of Volcan de Chiriqui. Platyrhynchus coronatus (not of SCLATER) SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 4, 1899 — part, Rio Peripa (spec, examined); HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Lita and Cachyjacu, Prov. Esmeraldas (spec. examined). Platyrhynchus coronatus superciliaris HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 354, 355, 1907 — Costa Rica to western Ecuador (crit.); HARTERT and GOODSON, I.e., 24, p. 416, 1917 — Lita and Cachyjacu, Ecuador (crit.). Placostomus superciliaris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 379, 1907 (monog., range part, excl. British Guiana and Cayenne); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 300, 1907 — Boruca, Pozo del Rio Grande, and Paso Real, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 728, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits). Placostomus coronatus superciliaris BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 216, 1922 — Mt. Sapo and Rio Esnape, Darien. Range: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Rio Truando) and western Ecuador (Lita and Cachyjacu, Prov. Esmeraldas; Rio Peripa). 5: Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i); Costa Rica (La Vijagua i, Boruca i, Lagarto i, Pozo Azul de Pirris i). Genus CNIPODECTES Sclater and Salvin. Cnipodectes SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 281 — type Cyclorhynchus subbrunneus SCLATER. * Platyrinchus coronatus superciliaris LAWRENCE: Differs from the eastern forms by much brighter green back and clearer (Naples yellow) under parts, the chest and flanks being strongly shaded with greenish olive. The three Ecuadorian specimens examined do not appear to be separable from those of Central America although one is rather deeply colored underneath. Material examined. — Nicaragua i. Costa Rica 12. Panama 2. Ecuador: Rio Peripa i; Prov. Esmeraldas, Lita i, Cachyjacu i. 272 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Cnipodectes subbrunneus subbrunneus (Sclater)*. BROWN FLY- CATCHER. Cyclorhynchus subbrunneus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 282, 1860 — Babahoyo, western Ecuador (type in British Museum examined); idem, I.e., p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 473, 1862 — Panama. Myiochanes subbrunneus SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 232, 1862 — Baba- hoyo. Myiochanes sp., SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 360 — Panama (spec, examined). Cnipodectes subbrunneus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 514 — Remedies, Antioquia (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 197, pi. 1 6, 1888 — Babahoyo, Esmeraldas and Balzar (Ecuador), Reme- dies, Colombia (spec, examined); SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 55, 1889 — part, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 10, 1899 — Rio Peripa, Ecua- dor; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 484, 1907 — Panama to western Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H., 55, p. 515, 1926 — Esmeraldas, Rio de Oro, Bucay, Chimbo, and La Chonta, Ecuador. Cnipolegus minor (not of SCLATER) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 197, 1888 — part, spec, d, Santa Rita (Ecuador), e, f, Panama (spec, examined); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 485, 1907 — part, Panama and western Ecuador. Cnipodectes subbrunneus subbrunneus HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1128, 1129 — N6vita, El Tigre and Condoto, Choc6, Colombia (crit., range, synon.); BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 218, 1922 — Rio Esnape, Darien. Range : Panama (Lion Hill ; Rio Esnape, Darien), Colombia (Pacific coast; Remedies), and western Ecuadorb. Cnipodectes subbrunneus minor Sclaterc. LESSER BROWN FLYCATCHER. Cnipodectes minor SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 654, 1884 — Chamicuros, Peru (type in British Museum examined ; = juv.); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 294, 1884 — Chamicuros; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 197, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Chamicuros; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 485, 1907 — part, eastern Peru; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 465, 1917 — La Morelia, Rio Caqueta, Colombia. Cnipodectes subbrunneus (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 281 — Chamicuros; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, B For sexual differences and measurements of the two races, see P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1128-1130. b Material examined. — Panama: Lion Hill 2. Colombia: Remedies i , N6vita 2, El Tigre, Rio Tamana i, Condoto 3. Ecuador: Esmeraldas i, Balzar i, Babahoyo i. « Cnipodectes subbrunneus minor SCLATER: Very similar to the typical race, but paler, more olivaceous brown, particularly above. Size not different. Material examined. — Peru: Chamicuros 4. Brazil: Rio Purus i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 273 2» P- 55. J889 — part, Peru; BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 16, 1888 — Chamicuros; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 393, 1914 — Rio Punis. Cnipodectes subbrunneus minor SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Rio Purvis (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1130 — eastern Peru to the Purus, Brazil (crit., synon.). Range: Upper Amazonia, from southeastern Colombia (Rio Ca- quetd) south to eastern Peru (Chamicuros) and western Brazil (Rio Punis). Genus TOLMOMYIAS genus nov.» *Tolmomyias sulphurescens sulphurescens (Spix). SULPHURY FLAT- BILL. Platyrhynchus sulphur-escens SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 10, pi. 12, fig. i, 1825 — part, descr. of "male" only and hab. Rio de Janeiro and Piauhy, we accept Rio de Janeiro as type locality (types in Munich Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 643, 1906 (crit.). Rhynchocyclus scotius OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 63, 1902 — Brazil (type in U. S. National Museum examined1"). Rhynchocyclus grisescens CHUBB, Ibis, (9) 4, p. 588, 1910 — Sapucay, Paraguay (type in British Museum examined'). Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens pallescens HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 414, 1917 — Santa Cruz, Bolivia (type in Tring Museum examined). Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema, and Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); REIN- HARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 339 — Caxueira do Campo (Minas Geraes), Rio de Janeiro, Sao Carlos and Hytu (Sao Paulo); CABANIS. • Tolmomyias genus nov. Type Platyrhynchus sulphurescens SPIX. Similar to Rhynchocyclus, but bill relatively smaller and narrower, subterminal phalanx of middle toe entirely free from outer toe, and edge of outer web of outermost primary not roughened. This group corresponds to Rhynchocyclus of Ridgway, but not of Cabanis and Heine who proposed the name as a substitute for Cyclorhynchus SUNDE- VALL (preoccupied by KAUP) of which Platyrhynchos olivaceus TEMMINCK is the type. Craspedoprion HARTERT, thus, becomes a synonym of Rhynchocyclus, while a new genus has to be created for the reception of P. sulphurescens and allies. b The type, a skin of the well-known "Rio" make, was received in exchange from the late P. L. Sclater. Although slightly soiled and faded, it agrees with other South Brazilian specimens. It has not more plumbeous suffusion on the crown nor a broader bill than certain examples from Minas and Espirito Santo. 0 The type is merely a color variety, due to the absence of the green and yellow lipochroms in the body plumage. The upper parts are pale slate gray, faintly shaded with greenish; the wing markings nearly white; the under parts grayish white witht however, a slight greenish tinge on the breast and a pale yellowish one on the lower abdomen. In proportions and pattern it is exactly like four normally colored speci- mens taken at the same locality. 274 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo, Rio de Janeiro; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 607 — San Javier, Misiones; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Lagoa Santa, Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 337, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 16, 1897 — Aguairenda, Bolivia; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 196, 1899 — Piquete, Sao Paulo; idem, l.c., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo; SALVADOR:, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 15, No. 378, p. 6, 1900 — Urucum, Matto Grosso; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 136, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 264, 1907 — Itatiba, Jundiahy, Ubatuba, Itapurd, Alto da Serra, Itarare", and Baurii (Sao Paulo), Espirito Santo, Ourinho (Parana), Puerto Bertoni (Para- guay); LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., x, p. 26, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires, 18, p. 324, 1910 — Jujuy and Misiones; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 587 — Sapucay, Paraguay; GRANT, l.c., 1911, p. 119 — Curuzu Chica and Puerto San Juan, Paraguay; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910 — P6 do Morro, near Parnagua, Piauhy (spec, examined) ; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Asunci6n, Alto Parana, Paraguay; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 315, 1926 — Las Palmas (Chaco) and Paraguay. Rhynchocydus assimttis (not of PELZELN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 1868 — part, Engenho do Gama and Sao Vicente, Matto Grosso (spec, examined). Khynchocyclus sulphur escens sulphurescens HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 195, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy; HARTERT and GOODSON, I.e., 24, p. 414, 1917 — Sao Paulo and Minas Geraes; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 217, 1919 — southern Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia (in part), Argentina. Range: Southern and eastern Brazil, south to Santa Catharina, west to Matto Grosso, north to Piauhy and central Maranhao; Paraguay; Argentina (prov. Misiones, Chaco, Tucuman, and Jujuy); eastern Bolivia (depts. Tarija and Santa Cruz)a. 1 1 : Brazil (Urucum de Corumba, Matto Grosso i ; Victoria, Sao Paulo i; GrajaM, Maranhao 2); Bolivia (Buenavista i); Argentina (Concepcion, Tucuman 5; Puerto Segundo, Misiones i). a Birds from Maranhao (Grajahu) and Piauhy down to Sao Paulo and Paraguay agree well together, allowing the usual amount of individual variation in size of bill and extent of slaty suffusion on anterior and lateral portion of the crown. Specimens from Matto Grosso (as far north as Tapirapoan) I am unable to distinguish from the average type of eastern Brazil, and it appears to me also impossible to maintain the Bolivian form (pallescens). According to the describers, this race is brighter green above and paler yellow beneath — differences which are not corroborated by the series before me. It may be that Bolivian specimens have the crown more largely suffused with slaty, but even this is far from constant. This tendency towards the characters of assimilis is even more marked in one specimen from western Matto Grosso (Engenho do Gama) which, by its almost wholly slate gray crown, closely ap- proaches the Amazonian race. Material examined. — Argentina: Ledesma, Jujuy i; Concepcion, Tucum&n 5; Puerto Segundo, Misiones i. Paraguay: Sapucay 5, Trinidad i, Fort Wheeler 2. Bolivia: Santa Cruz 3, Buenavista i, Prov. Sara 2. Brazil, Matto Grosso: Sao IQ27- BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 275 *Tolmomyias sulphurescens assimilis (Pelzeln)*. SIMILAR FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus assimilis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 181, 1868 — part, types from Borba, Rio Madeira in Vienna Museum examined b. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond.', 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 279 — Ucayali, Xeberos, Chyavetas, Chamicuros, Santa Cruz, and Pebas (spec, examined); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 20, 1882 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 280, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, e, r-u, Rio Madeira, Chamicuros, Chyavetas, Xeberos; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — Mapiri, Bolivia; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 394, 1914 — part, Para, Santa Isabel, Rio Tocantins (Cameta, Baiao, Arumatheua), Rio Curua (Malocca do Manuelsinho), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim, Cameta). Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens assimilis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 297, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira, and Maroins, Rio Machados (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 435, 1917 — part, headwaters of the Rio Roose- velt (spec, examined); HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 414, 1917 — Calama (Rio Madeira), Chamicuros and Xeberos (Peru), Teff6 (Rio Solimoes) (crit.); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 217, 1919 — part. Vicente i, Engenho do Gama, Rio Guapore1 2, Chapada 2, Urucvim 3, Tapiropoan i. Sao Paulo: Itarar6 i, Itatiba i, Yporanga i, Victoria 2, Ypanema 6, Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema 2. Minas Geraes : Pirapora, Rio Sao Francisco i , Agua Suja, near Bagagem 2, Sao Francisco i. Rip de Janeiro: Rio i. Espirito Santo i. Bahia 3. Piauhy: Pe" do Morro, near Buriti i. Maranhao: Grajahii 2. • Tolmomyias sulphurescens assimilis (PELZELN) : Easily distinguished from T. s. sulphurescens by plumbeous crown (with very little greenish suffusion), much duller (not at all yellowish) green back, paler yellow under parts with the throat and foreneck passing into yellowish white, and much more prominent, pale sulphur yellow markings on the larger upper wing-coverts. Wing (male) 67-71, (female) 63-66; tail 50-60; bill 12-13. The subspecific characters are developed, to the highest degree, in specimens from the territory comprised between the Tapaj6z and the Rio Madeira. Birds from northern Matto Grosso (Barao Melgago, Rio Roosevelt) and the plains of eastern Peru (Chamicuros, Xeberos) are likewise typical, while a series from the northern base of the Bolivian Andes (Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba), by slightly more olivaceous crown and brighter green back, somewhat diverge in the direction of sulphurescens. Examples from the right bank of the Tapaj6z (Santarem, Miritituba) and Pard show a similar tendency, and in northern Maranhao intergradation be- tween the two forms is complete. Two of our specimens from Tury-assu are fairly typical of assimilis aud can be matched by skins from Pard. and Miritituba, while the two others are exactly intermediate to sulphurescens. Material examined. — Brazil: Tury-assu, Maranhao 4; Benevides, Pard 4; San- tarem i, Colonia do Mojuy, Santarem 5, Miritituba, Rio Tapaj6z 3, Villa Braga, Tapaj6z 2, Apacy, Rio Tapaj6z i ; Borba, Rio Madeira (the types) 2, Calama, Rio Madeira 5, Maroins, Rio Machados 2; Barao Melgago, Rio Roosevelt, Matto Grosso 4. Bolivia: Son go, Yungas of La Paz 2, Rio San Mateo i, Quebrada Onda, Yungas of Cochabamba 3. Peru: Chamicuros 2, Xeberos 2. b Pelzeln, while also referring specimens from the Rio Negro ( = cherriei) and Matto Grosso (intergrades) to R. assimilis, obviously based his description on the Borba birds, the only ones in the series to which the terms "pileo plumbescente" and "marginibus tectricum alarum fere albis" are applicable. 276 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range : Plains of eastern Peru (east of the Cordillera Oriental) and northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, east to northern Maranhao, south to northern Matto Grosso (headwaters of the Rio Roosevelt) and the northern base of the Bolivian Andes (Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba). 4: Brazil (Tury-assu, Maranhao 4). Tolmomyias sulphurescens peruvianus (Taczanowski)*. PERUVIAN FLAT- BILL. Rhynchocyclus peruvianus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 537 — Ropay- bamba, Dept. Junin: idem, I.e., 1882, p. 20 — Huambo; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 281, 1884 — part, Ropaybamba, Huambo; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 90 — Mapoto and Machay, Ecuador (spec, examined) ; SCLATER , Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 169, 1888 — Huambo. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, w, x, Sarayacu, Ecuador. Rhynchocyclus peruvianus peruvianus CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 219, 1919 — Peru. Range: Peru, in depts. of Junin (Ropaybamba), Libertad (Nuevo Loreto, southeast of Huaylillas, Prov. Pataz), and Amazonas (Huambo, Valley of Huayabamba), and eastern Ecuador (Machay, Mapoto). Tolmomyias sulphurescens aequatorialis (Berlepsch and Taczanowski)b. EQUATORIAL FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus peruvianus aequatorialis BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 556 — Chimbo and Guayaquil, southwestern Ecuador, and Lechugal, Prov. Tumbez, Peru (type from Chimbo in Warsaw Museum 8 Tolmomyias sulphurescens peruvianus (TACZANOWSKI) : Very nearly related to T. s. assimilis, but pileum even more uniform plumbeous (without any olive edges) ; back much brighter and more yellowish green; wing markings and under parts richer yellow. Wing (male) 69-71, (female) 67; tail 57-59; bill 12-13. This is obviously a bright colored form of assimilis, representing it in northern Peru west of the Eastern Cordillera and ranging to eastern Ecuador. Two skins from the latter country agree in every particular with others from Peru. Material examined. — Ecuador: Mapoto i, Machay i. Peru: Huambo 3, Nuevo Loreto, southeast of Huaylillas i. b Tolmomyias sulphurescens aequatorialis (BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI): Similar to T. s. peruvianus, but smaller; crown lighter gray; under parts decidedly paler yellow; throat more whitish. Wing (male) 62-65, (female) 60-63; tail 58-60, (female) 54-56; bill 12-13. This form may be recognized from T. s. asemus, of western Colombia, by paler gray pileum (without any olivaceous suffusion), brighter green back, much deeper yellow under parts, not flammulated with whitish on chest, and smaller size. It is quite distinct specifically from T. flavotectus which occurs at least in part of its range, differing in much longer tail, much lighter and clearer slate gray of crown, bright yellowish green (instead of dull olive green) back, shorter, more spot-like markings on greater upper wing-coverts, and in the much deeper yellow of the abdomen extending unimpaired up to the lower throat. Material examined. — Ecuador: Chimbo 2, Guayaquil 2, San Nicolas i, Esmeral- das i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 277 examined); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 219, 1919 — western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Rhynchocydus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 326 — Lechugal, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, y, Balzar. Rhynchocydus peruvianus (not of TACZANOWSKI 1874) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 281, 1884 — part, Lechugal; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — San Nicolas, Ecuador (spec, examined). Rhynchocydus aequatorialis SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 9, 1899 — Babahoyo, Guayaquil, Balzar. [Rhynchocydus marginatus] flavotectus (not of HARTERT) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 436, 1917, in text — Esmeraldas and Guayaquil (spec, examined); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 220, 1919 — part, diag. and hab. Guayaquil, Esmeraldas. Range : Tropical Zone of western Ecuador and adjacent portion of the Peruvian Province of Tumbez (Lechugal, Rio Zurumilla). *Tolmomyias sulphurescens cherriei (Hartert and Goodson)*. CHER- RIE'S FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocydus sulphurescens cherriei HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 414, 1917 — Cayenne, French Guiana (type examined) ; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 75, 1918 — Paramaribo and Lelydorp, Surinam; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 218, 1919 — French and Dutch Guiana. Rhynchocydus sulphurescens examinatus CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 40, p. 108, 1920 — Bartica Grove, British Guiatna (type examined); idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 149, 1921 — British Guiana (numerous localities). Rhynchocydus assimilis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 181, 1868 — part, Barra do Rio Negro [=Manaos] and Rio Negro ^spec. in Vienna Museum examined). Rhynchocydus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 295 — Bartica Grove, Camacusa, Merume' Mts. Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, f-q, Bartica, Camacusa, Merume" Mts., Rio Carimang, Roraima, Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 394, 1914 — part, Rio Jary; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 236, 1916 — Caicara, Orinoco. * Tolmomyias sulphurescens cherriei (HARTERT and GOODSON) : Closely allied to T. s. assimilis, but pileum somewhat darker, more tinged with olivaceous, and edges to upper wing-coverts paler and less prominent. The other points of distinction men- tioned by the describers do not hold good. Birds from Villavicencio and the north bank of the Amazon agree perfectly with the Guianan ones. Specimens from Roraima and Merume" Mts. average slightly larger than those from the lowland districts. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 5, Roche- Marie i. Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo 2. British Guiana: Mazaruni River i, Bartica Grove 2, Camacusa 2, Ourumee i, Merum6 Mts. i, Roraima 7. Venezuela: Maipures, Rio Orinoco i, La Pricion, Caura 2. Colombia: Villavicencio 2, "Bogotd" 4. Brazil: Islands near Obidos i, Itacoatiard i, Manaos i, Rio Negro between Barcellos and Sao Gabriel i. 278 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Rhynchocyclus poliocephalus (not of TACZANOWSKI) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 47, 1902 — part, Maipures, Orinoco River, and La Prition, Caura (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens subsp. BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 130, 1908 — Cayenne and Roche-Marie, French Guiana (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens assimilis (not of PELZELN) CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 236, 1916 — foot of Mount Duida, Venezuela; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 435, 1917 — Villavicencio, Buenavista, Florencia, Colombia; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 217, 1919 — part, Brazil north of the Amazon, Venezuela, British Guiana, and southeastern Colombia. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; southern Venezuela (Orinoco — except the delta region — and Caura valleys) ; eastern Colom- bia (Villavicencio; Rio Caqueta); and northern Brazil, north of the Amazon (Rio Jary, Obidos, Itacoatiara, Rio Negro). 2: British Guiana (Mazaruni River i); Brazil (Itacoatiard i). Tolmomyias sulphurescens asemus (Bangs)*. PALMER'S FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens asemus BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, p. 73, 1910 — near Pavas, Western Andes, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 434, 1917 — Dabeiba, Puerto Valdivia, Rio Frio, Cali, Miraflores, Colombia. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens subsp. BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 302, 1884 — Bucaramanga. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens exortivus (not of BANGS) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 435, 1917 — part, Malena and Chicoral, near Honda, upper Magdalena Valley; HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 415, 1917 — Jimenez and Bogota (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus cinereiceps asemus CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 219, 1919 — Western Colombia. Range: Colombia (Western Andes, north to the Rio Sucio; Cauca Valley; upper Magdalena Valley, down to Puerto Berrio and Bucara- manga). * Tolmomyias sulphurescens asemus (BANGS) : Nearest to T. s. cherriei, but pileum of a clearer slate gray, without any olivaceous suffusion; throat whitish (in- stead of yellowish); foreneck and chest flammulated with grayish white; abdomen paler yellow. Wing (male) 67-71, (female) 64-67; tail 57-61. Birds from the Cauca Valley (Rio Frio and Miraflores) are identical with others from the Western Andes (Jimenez). An adult female from Chicoral (near Honda) and a series of Bogotd skins have the back slightly fresher green, though in other respects they are typical asemus. A skin from Malena and two from Bucaramanga are exactly intermediate between asemus and exortivus and might with equal reason be referred to either form. Material examined. — Jimenez 2, Miraflores i, Rio Frio i, Malena i, Bucaramanga 2, Chicoral i, "Bogota" 8. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 279 *Tolmomyias sulphurescens exortivus (Bangs}*. SANTA MARTA FLAT- BILL. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens exortivus BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 21, p. 163, 1908 — La Concepcion, Santa Marta; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 435, 1917 — part, Opon, Rio Magdalena (spec, examined); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 218, 1919 — northern Colombia and northern Venezuela (crit.); TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 376, 1922 — Mama- toco, Cincinnati, La Tigrera, Fundaci6n, Don Diego, Dibulla, Tucurinca, and Arroya de Arenas, Santa Marta district (crit.). Platyrhynchus aequinoctialis (not of SCLATER) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 245, 1866— Trinidad. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Caripe"; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, z, a', c', Puerto Cabello, Caripe", Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 54, 1892 — El Pilar, near Carupano; CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 39, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — San Antonio, Bermudez; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; idem, I.e., p. 176, 1898 — Palomina; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 146, 1900 — Minca and Bonda, Santa Marta region. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens sulphurescens (errore) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 23, 1906 — Caparo, Tacarigua, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 189, 1906 — Aripo; idem, I.e., p. 361, 1908 — Carenage and Aripo, Trinidad. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens assimilis (not of PELZELN) HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 80, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 65, p. 204, 1913 — Cariaquito (south shore of Paria Peninsula), Bermudez and Jocopita, Manimo River, Delta Superior del Orinoco (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens berlepschi HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 415, 1917 — Caparo, Trinidad (type examined); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 218, 1919 — Trinidad; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 29, p. 382, 1922 (crit.). • Tolmomyias sulphurescens exortivus (BANGS) : Similar to T. s. asemus, but crown mostly green; back brighter green; under parts wholly yellow, the throat but slightly paler than the rest; similar also to T. s. cherriei, but much brighter green above, with little grayish suffusion on crown; yellow edges to wing coverts more conspicuous; under parts richer, with throat much more yellowish. Wing (male) 66-69, (female) 64-67; tail 55-62; bill \\Yi-\2,. Specimens from the Venezuelan north coast are precisely similar to a series from the Santa Marta region, while those from Trinidad (berlepschi) have the crown per- haps more uniform green. A single female from Opon (lower Magdalena) has more grayish suffusion on the crown than the average from Venezuela, though it is exactly matched by an adult male from Loma Redonda, near Caracas. Material examined. — Colombia: Bonda 3, Minca 2; Opon, Magdalena River i. Venezuela: Colon, Tachira i; Orope, Zulia i, Encon trades, Zulia i; Las Quiguas, Carabobo 4; Caracas 10, Macuto, Caracas i, Loma Redonda, north of Caracas 10; Santa Ana i, Campos Alegre i, Caripe" i, Cariaquito, Bermudez i; Jocopita, Delta Superior del Orinoco i. Trinidad: Caparo 17, Aripo i, Carenage i, Tacarigua i, Chaguaramas i, St. Anns Valley, Port of Spain 2. a8o FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Island of Trinidad; Caribbean coast districts of northern Venezuela, from the Delta Superior del Orinoco (Manimo River) and the Paria Peninsula west to Tachira and Zulia, and Colombia (Santa Marta region, south to Opon, on the lower Magdalena). 16: Trinidad (St. Anns Valley, Port of Spain 2); Venezuela (Colon, Tachira i; Orope, Zulia i, Encontrados, Zulia i; Caracas 10, Macuto, Caracas i). Tolmomyias sulphurescens flavo-olivaceus (Lawrence)'1. YELLOW- OLIVE FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus flavo-olivaceus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 8; 1863 — Lion Hill Station, Panama; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, P- 359 — Panama (crit.); SALVIN, I.e., 1867, p. 148 — Santa F6 de Veragua; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 337, 1892 (crit.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 391, 1907 — Panama (monog., full bibliog. ref- erences)6; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 263 — Gatun, Panama. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 168, 1888 — part, spec, d'-j', Panama, San Pablo Station, Santa F£ and Calovevora, Veragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 9, 1888 — part, Panama references. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens flavo-olivaceus CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 218, 1919 — Panama. Range: Panama (from Chiriqui to the Canal Zone). *Tolmomyias sulphurescens cinereiceps (Sclater)°. GRAY-HEADED FLAT- BILL. Cyclorhynchus cinereiceps SCLATER, Ibis, i, p. 443, 1859 — Oaxaca, Mexico. Rhynchocyclus cinereiceps SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 169, 1888 — part (excl. spec, o, p, Panama), Mexico to Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 10, 1888 — part, excl. Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 394, 1907 — southern Mexico to Costa Rica 8 Tolmomyias sulphurescens flavo-olivaceus (LAWRENCE) : Differs from T. s. asemus and T. s. exortivus in much brighter, more yellowish green back (more like aequa- torialis and peruvianus) and purer yellow under parts, with very little, if any, oliva- ceous tinge on chest and sides; crown mainly green, slightly suffused with gray, exactly as in T. s. exortivus. Wing 65-67, (female) 63-64; tail 58-60, (female) 52-54; bill 12-13. Material examined. — Panama: Tucumay, thirty miles southeast of Panama City i; Santa Fe", Veraguas 2; Bogava, Chiriqui i, Boquete 2. b T. s. flavo-olivaceus does not occur in Costa Rica where it is represented by the next form. Boucard's specimen from San Carlos, recorded as R. sulphurescens, on examination, proves to be referable to cinereiceps. " Tolmomyias sulphurescens cinereiceps (SCLATER) is the most strongly charac- terized member of this group. By reason of its clear gray crown, it bears some re- semblance to T. s. asemus, but it is much smaller, and the whitish color of the throat extends on to the breast. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 281 (monog., full bibliography); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 300, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and El Pozo de Terraba, Costa Rica; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Orn. Ser., i, p. 101, 1907 — Los Amates, Mazatenango, and Patulul, Guate- mala; FERRY, I.e., p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 724, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and eggs descr.); PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Camp Mengel, Terre Quintana Roo. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) BOUCARD, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 63 — San Carlos, Costa Rica (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus cinereiceps cinereiceps CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 219, 1919 — southern Mexico to Costa Rica. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, and Chiapas), south through Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to Costa Rica. 13: Guatemala (Pete"n i, Los Amates, Izabel i, Patulul, Solola i, Mazatenango i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega 2, San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 3); Costa Rica (Guayabo i, Lagarto i, Terraba 2). *Tolmomyias megacephalus (Swainson)*. LARGE-HEADED FLAT-BILL. Tyrannula megacephala SWAINSON, Orn. Draw., Part 4, pi. 47, 1836 (?) — Brazil. Rhynchocyclus megacephalus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 1868 — Mattodentro, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 56, 1859, — Brazil (crit.); HELLMAYR, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 53, p. 206, 1903 — Mattodentro (descr., crit.); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; DABBENE, El Hornero, i, p. 194, 1918 — Rio Segundo, Alto Parana, Misiones (crit.); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 220, 1919 (descr., range). Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil (Mattodentro, State of Sao Paulo), Paraguay (Puerto Bertoni), and northeastern Argentina (Rio Segundo, Misiones). 3: Argentina, Misiones (Rio Segundo i, Eldorado 2). Tolmomyias flavotectus (Hartert)b. YELLOW-MARGINED FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus marginatus (not Muscicapa marginata PELZELN, Sept. 1868) LAWRENCE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. for Dec. 1868, p. 429, April 1869 — a Tolmomyias megacephalus (SWAINSON) is an excellent species, immediately recognizable by the broad blackish brown stripes along the sides of the pileum, sur- mounting a narrow, but very distinct buffy olive yellow superciliary streak; deep olive green back; dull ochraceous edges to secondaries and larger wing-coverts, etc. The bill is somewhat higher than in T. sulphurescens, and the rictal bristles are extremely well developed. Wing (adult male) 62-65, (female) 59; tail 57-60, (female) 53-56. Material examined. — Brazil, Sao Paulo: Mattodentro 2. Argentina, Misiones: Eldorado 2, Rio Segundo i. b Tolmomyias flavotectus (HARTERT) appears more closely related to T. polio- rephalus sclateri than to any other member of the genus, differing, however, by much 282 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Lion Hill, near Aspinwall, Panama (type examined); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 337, 1892 — Panama (crit.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 392, 1907 — Panama and Costa Rica (Carrillo); BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 22, p. 32, 1909 — La Vijagua, northern slope of Volcan de Miravelles, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 726, 1910 — Carrillo and El Hogar, near Guacimo, Costa Rica. Rliynchocyclus megacephala flavotectus HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 608, 1902 — • San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (type examined). Cydorhynchus cinereiceps (not of SCLATER) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 329, 1862 — Lion Hill, Panama. Rhynchocyclus cinereiceps SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 359 — Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 169, 1888 — part, spec, o, p, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 10, 1888 — part, Panama. Rhynchocyclus cinereiceps flavotectus HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1126 — N6vita and Noanama, Pacific Colombia (crit.). Rhynchocyclus marginatus marginatus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 436, 1917 — Puerto Valdivia, N6vita, Barbacoas, Buenavista (Narifio), Colombia; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 219, 1919 — eastern Costa Rica to western Colombia. R}iynchocyclus marginatus flavotectus CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 220, 1919 — part, San Javier, Paramba. Rhynchocyclus cinereiceps marginatus HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 29, p. 382, 1922 (crit.). Range: Caribbean slope of Costa Rica (Carrillo, La Vijagua, El Hogar); Panama; western Colombia (Pacific coast; Puerto Valdivia, lower Cauca), and northwestern Ecuador (Prov. Esmeraldas). Tolmomyias poliocephalus poliocephalus (Taczanowski)*. GRAY- CROWNED FLAT-BILL. brighter yellow wing markings and more purely whitish gray throat and foreneck. In opposition to my former view (as expressed in P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1126), I am now convinced that it is specifically distinct from T. sulphur escens cinereiceps, both species being found in Costa Rica, while other representatives of the latter group (viz. T. s. flavo-olivaceus and T. s. aequatorialis) live side by side with T. flavotectus in Panama and western Ecuador. Thanks to the courtesy of Dr. F. M. Chapman, I have been enabled to compare the type of R. marginatus from Panama with specimens from Choc6 and Ecuador (including the type of R. flavotectus) and found them identi- cal. The examples from Esmeraldas and Guayaquil, identified by Chapman as flavotectus, on the other hand, turn out to belong to * 5. aequatorialis. Rhynchocyclus marginatus LAWRENCE is unfortunately invalidated by Muscicapa marginata PELZELN, a synonym of Tolmomyias flaviventris (WiED). Material examined. — Panama: Lion Hill (including the type of R. marginatus) 3. Colombia: N6vita 2, Noanama i. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Paramba 2, San Javier (including the type) 2. • Tolmomyias poliocephalus poliocephalus (TACZANOWSKI) : Similar in coloration to T. s. sulphur escens, but much smaller, with considerably shorter and smaller bill. Wing 56-58, (female) 52-55; tail 42-47. Material examined. — Ecuador: Rip Napo i. Peru: Nauta i, Pebas 2, Upper Ucayali i, Xeberos i. Brazil: Teff£, Rio Solimoes i. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 283 Rhynchocyclus poliocephalus TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 285, 1884 — Nauta, Peru (type in Berlepsch Collection examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 171, 1888 — part, spec, a-f, Pebas, Xeberos, Chyavetas, Cosnipata, Peru. Rhynchocyclus megacephalus (not of SWAINSON) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189 — Upper Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos; idem, I.e., p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, P- 280 — Ucayali, Xeberos, Pebas; idem, I.e., p. 185 — Cosnipata; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 20 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 283, 1884 — part, Peruvian localities. Rhynchocyclus poliocephalus poliocephalus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 48, 1907 — Teffe", Rio Solimoes; idem, I.e., 17, p. 298, 1910 (monog., syn., range); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 220, 1919 (range). Range: Eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo), eastern Peru (south to Cos- nipata, Dept. Cuzco), and adjacent section of western Brazil (Teffe', Rio Solimoes). *Tolmomyias poliocephalus sclateri (HellmayrY. SCLATER'S FLAT- BILL. Rhynchocylus poliocephalus sclateri HELLMAYR, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 53, p. 207, 1903 — Barra do Rio Negro [ = Manaos], Brazil; idem, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 361, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Para; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 527, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 131, 1908 — Cayenne; HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 297, 298, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira (char., range, synon.); idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 24, 89, 1912 — Ipitinga (Para localities); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 395, 1914 — Para, Providencia, Peixe-Boi, Quati-puru, Sao Antonio do Prata, Rio Guama (Ourem), Rio Tocantins (Cameta, Baiao, I. Pae Lourenco), Rio Tapoj6z (Boim), Rio Jary (Sao Antonio da Cachoeira), and Rio Jamunda (Faro); BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), 2, p. 88,^916 — Para; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 236, 1916 — Maipures and Nericagua, Rio Orinoco, and Caura River; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 75, 1918 — near Paramaribo, Surinam; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 221, 1919 — French Guiana (crit., range); LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 99, 1920 — Bahia. Rhynchocyclus sulphurescens (not of SPIX) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Para (spec, examined). " Tolmomyias poliocephalus sclateri (HELLMAYR) : Similar to T. p. poliocephalus, but crown nearly uniform slate gray; back duller green; under parts paler yellow, underlaid with pale grayish on chest; throat and foreneck grayish white or, at least, strongly suffused with whitish. Wing 55-60, (female) 52-57; tail 45-52, (female) 42-45- Birds from Venezuela (R. klagesi) and British Guiana (inquisitor) appear to me indistinguishable from those of the Rio Negro, while others from French Guiana, Para, Maranhao and Bahia are somewhat paler underneath. Material examined. — French Guiana : Cayenne 2. Surinam: near Paramaribo 3. British Guiana: Bartica Grove 2, Ourumee i. Venezuela: Suapure, Caura 2, Mai- pures i, Nericagua i. Brazil: Mandos i, Marabitanas, Rio Negro 2; Para 2, Ipitinga 2, Sao Antonio do Prata, Para district i ; Calama, Rio Madeira i ; Tury-assu, Maran- hao 2; Bahia 3. 284 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Rhynchocyclus poliocephalus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 1868 — Barra do Rio Negro, Marabitanas (Rio Negro) and Bahia (spec, examined; =nomen nudum); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 171, 1888 — part, spec, g, Para; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 47, 1907 — part, Nericagua and Maipures, Rio Orinoco, and Suapure, Caura (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus megacephalus (not of SWAINSON) LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 383 — Para (spec, examined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 283, 1884 — part, Cay- enne; SALVIN, Ibis, 1886, p. 501 — Rio Carimang, British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 170, 1888 — Brazil [ = Bahia], Demerara, Merume' Mts., Carimang River, Para. Rhynchocyclus klagesi RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 298, 1906 — Maripa, Caura River; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 236, 1916 — Maripa, Caura and foot of Mt. Duida, Orinoco ; (?) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 437, 1917 — La Morelia, Florencia, southeastern Colombia. Rhynchocyclus poliocephalus klagesi CoRY,Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 221, 1919 — upper Orinoco River and southeastern Colombia. Rhynchocyclus poliocephalus inquisitor CHUBB, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, p. 108, 1920 — Bartica Grove, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 150, 1921 — Supenaam, Bartica, Anarica River, Great Falls of Demerara. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; southern Venezuela (Caura and Orinoco Valleys) ; ( ?) southeastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta) ; northern Brazil, west to the Rio Negro and Rio Madeira, along the coast south to Bahia. 2: Brazil (Tury-assu, Maranhao 2). *Tolmomyias flaviventris flaviventris (Wied). YELLOW- VENTED FLAT- BILL. Muscipeta flaviventris WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 929, 1831 — Mucuri and Alcobaca, State of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Muscicapa marginata (TEMMINCK MS.) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, footnote 2, Sept. 1868 — type from Bahia (ex coll. Kammerlacher) in Vienna Museum examined). Rhynchocyclus flaviventris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 171, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, Bahia, Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Nist., 2, p. 233, 1889 (note on types); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 265, 1907 — Bahia and San- tarem; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 503, 1908 — Goyana and Ilha Campinho, Rio Tapaj6z (spec, examined); idem, I.e., p. 527, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910 — Bahia, Parnagua, Pedrinha, Buriti, Therezina, and above Pintados, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy. Rhynchocyclus flaviventris flaviventris HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 49, 1908 — Rio Araguaya, Goyaz; idem, I.e., 17, p. 296, 1910 — part, eastern Brazil, south of the Amazon; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 222, 1919 — part, Brazil, south of the Amazon. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 285 Rhynchocyclus flaviventer SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 395, 1914 — part, Rio Tocantins (Arumatheua), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim, Goyana, Campinho), Maraj6 (Santa Anna, Sao Natal). Rhynchocyclus flavirostris flavirostris (lapsu) LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 99, 1920 — Bahia. Range : Eastern Brazil, south of the Amazon, west to the Tapaj6z, south to Goyaz, Bahia, and Espirito Santo*. 18: Brazil, Maranhao (Barra do Corda i, Cod6, Cocos i, Sao Bento i, Tury-assu 3, Rosario 2); Piauhy (Ibiapaba i); Ceara (Vargem Alegre 2, Jua, near Iguatu 4, Quixada i); Goyaz (Philadelphia i); Bahia (Sao Amaro i). *Tolmomyias flaviventris aurulentus (Todd)b. NORTHERN YELLOW- VENTED FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus flaviventris aurulentus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 171, 1913 — Mamatoco, Santa Marta district; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 437, 1917 — Varrud, lower Magdalena River; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 377, 1922 — Bonda, Cacagualito, Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Fundaci6n, Tucurinca, Santa Marta, and Arroya de Arenas, Santa Marta region. Rhynchocyclus flaviventris gloriosus CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C, 40, p. 108, 1920 — Quonga, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 151, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mts., Abary River. Rhynchocyclus flaviventris collingwoodi CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 40, p. 109, 1920 — Macqueripe Valley, Trinidad. Cyclorhynchus flaviventer CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 700, 1848 — British Guiana. • Birds from Maranhao, Piauhy, and Ceara agree perfectly with others from Bahia. Two specimens from the Tapaj6z (Goyana) and one from Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins closely approach T. f. borbae, from the Rio Madeira. Material examined. — Bahia 5, Ceard 7, Piauhy i, Maranhao 8, Goyaz 4; Aruma- theua i, Goyana 2. b Tolmomyias flaviventris aurulentus (Tooo) : Very similar to T. f. flaviventris, but below paler and more uniform with less gamboge yellow shading on throat and breast, these parts being scarcely darker than the abdomen. On comparing a large series from north of the Amazon with numerous specimens of typical flaviventris it cannot be denied that there is an average difference in the coloration of the under parts, although various examples from eastern Brazil are in no way distinguishable from the northern race. On the other hand, I am quite un- able to perceive any geographic variation between birds from Santa Marta (auru- lentus), Trinidad (collingwoodi), and British Guiana (gloriosus). Specimens from the Rio Branco and Rio Maecuru appear likewise to belong here and are noticeably paler below than those from eastern Brazil. Material examined. — Brazil: Rio Maecuru 3, Rio Branco 8. British Guiana (Annai and Rio Rupununi) 4. Venezuela: Cumand i, Orinoco Valley 9, Caura River 2, Tocuyo, Lara i, Rio Aurare, Zulia 2. Trinidad 17. Tobago 5. Colombia: El Guayabal, Santander 2; Santa Marta district 16. 286 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Platyrhynchus flaviventris (not of WIED) JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 331, 1847 — Tobago; LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 247, 1866 — Trinidad. Rhynchocyclus flaviventer vai. PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 1868 — part, Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus flaviventris SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1880, p. 124 — Santa Marta and "Ariheuca"; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 171, 1888 — part, spec, f-m, Guiana, Trinidad, Puerto Cabello, Bogota, Arihuica, and Santa Marta; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 39, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; DALMAS, M6m. Soc. Zool. France, 13, p. 139, 1900 — Tobago; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 146, 1900 — Bonda and Cacagualito; idem, I.e., 21, p. 284, 1905 — Bonda (nest and eggs descr.). Rhynchocyclus flaviventer BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 46, 1902 — Altagracia, Caicara and Maipures, Rio Orinoco, Temblador and La Pricion, Caura, Venezuela (nest and eggs descr.) ; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 395, 1914 — part, Monte Alegre, Rio Maecuru (Ig. de Paituna), Obidos, Rio Jamunda (Faro). Rhynchocyclus flaviventris flaviventris HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 23, 1906 — Caparo, Valencia, and Seelet, Trinidad; idem, I.e., 17, p. 296, 1910 — part, Rio Branco, British Guiana, .Venezuela, Trinidad, and Tobago; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 96, 1909 — La Brea, Orinoco delta; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 361, 1908 — Carenage, Trinidad; idem, I.e., 2, p. 237, 1916 — Orinoco-region (nest and eggs descr.); CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 222, 1919 — part, Colombia, Venezuela, British Guiana, Vene- zuela, Trinidad, Tobago, Brazil north of the Amazon. Range: Northern Brazil, north of the Amazon (Monte Alegre, Rio Maecuru, Obidos, Rio Jamunda, Rio Branco) ; British Guiana; northern Venezuela, south to the Orinoco-Caura basin; Trinidad; Tobago; northern Colombia (Santa Marta region, south to the lower Magda- lena; Santander). 10: Colombia (El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jos6 de Cucuta, Santander 2); Venezuela (Rio Aurare, Zulia 2; Cumana, Bermudez i); Brazil (Boa Vista i, Serra da Lua, near Boa Vista 3, Serra Grande, Rio Branco i). Tolmomyias flaviventris borbae (Hellmayr)*. BORBA FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus flaviventer borbae HELLMAYR, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien,S3,p. 208, T9O3 — Borba, Rio Madeira; idem, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 295, 296, 1910 — Mar- mellos and Borba, Rio Madeira, and Monte Alegre, Rio Punis (crit.) ; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 223, 1919 (crit., range). Rhynchocyclus flaviventer (not of SPIX) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 1868 — Borba, Rio Madeira. * Tolmomyias flaviventris borbae (HELLMAYR) : Very close to T. f. flaviventris, but upper parts less yellowish; only the greater wing-coverts with ill-defined, greenish 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 287 Rhynchocyclus viridiceps (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Monte Verde, Rio Purus (spec, examined). Rhynchocyclus flaviventer borbae SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 396, 1914 — Monte Alegre, Rio Purus. Range: Western Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Rio Ma- deira to the Purus. *Tolmomyias flaviventris viridiceps (Sclater and Salvin)*. GREEN- HEADED FLAT-BILL. Rhynchocyclus viridiceps SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 280 — Pebas, Peru (type examined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 282, 1884 — Pebas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 171, 1888 — Pebas; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 365 — La Merced, Chanchamayo, Peru (spec, examined); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 436, 1917 — • Florencia, Colombia. Rhynchocyclus flaviventris viridiceps HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 296, 1910 — • Peru (Pebas, La Merced) and eastern Ecuador (crit. ) ; CORY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 222, 1919 (range, crit.). Range: Eastern Peru (La Merced, Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin; Yurimaguas and Pebas, Rio Maranon, Dept. Loreto) ; eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo), and southeastern Colombia (Florencia, Rio Caqueta). i : Peru (Yurimaguas i). Genus RHYNCHOCYCLUS Cabanis and Heine. Cyclorhynchus (not Cydorrhynchus KAUP 1829) SUNDEVALL, Vetensk. Ak. Handl. for 1835, p. 83, 1836 — type Platyrhynchos olivaceus TEMMINCK. Rhynchocyclus CABANIS. and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 56, 1859 — new name for Cyclorhynchus SUNDEVALL, preoccupied. Craspedoprion HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 609, 1902 — type by orig. desig. Cyclorhynchus aequinoctialis SCLATER. yellow margins ; loral streak narrower and dull olive yellow instead of orange, rarely tinged with rusty; under surface of body paler, olive yellow rather than gamboge yellow. This is merely an intergra.de between flaviventris and viridiceps, some specimens being nearer the former, while others closely approach the latter. Birds from the left bank of the Madeira (Marmellos) and from the Purus are very nearly as green above as viridiceps, of eastern Peru. Material examined. — Monte Verde, Rio Purus i; Borba 5, Marmellos, Rio Ma- deira i. • Tolmomyias flaviventris viridiceps (SCLATER and SALVIN) : Nearest to T. f. borbae, but upper parts even purer green; yellowish loral streak less conspicuous; throat and chest decidedly washed with greenish. Wing (type, male, Pebas) 56, (Rio Napo) 58^; tail 45-47; bill 12. The Napo bird is identical with the type. Two males from La Merced are larger (wing 6oK, 63; tail 50-53). Material examined. — Peru: Pebas (the type) i, Yurimaguas i, La Merced 2. Ecuador: Rio Napo i. a88 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Rhynchocyclus olivaceus olivaceus (Temminck). OLIVACEOUS FLAT- BILL. Platyrhynchos olivaceus TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 2, pi. 12, fig. i, Sept. 1820 — "Bre"su" ; WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 969, 1831 — Itapemirim, Espirito Santo. Todus olivaceus LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 51, 1823 — Bahia. Platyrhynchus sulphurescens SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 10, pi. 12, fig. 2, 1825 — part, descr. of "female" (spec, in Munich Museum examined). Platyrynchos nuchalis WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 971, 1831 — south- eastern Brazil ( = albinistic variety; see ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 233, 1889). Cyclorhynchus olivaceus BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 503, 1856 — Rio de Janeiro to Bahia. Cyclorhynchus nuchalis BURMEISTER, I.e., p. 503, 1856 (ex Wied). I Rhynchocyclus olivaceus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 109, 1868 — Registre do Sai, Rio de Janeiro (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 165, 1888 — Bahia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 233, 1889 (note on Wied's type); EULER, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 44, 1900 (nest and eggs descr.); IHERING, I.e., p. 233, 1900 (nest descr.) ; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 643, 644, 1906 (note on Spix's specimen). Craspedoprion olivaceus IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 265, 1907 — Espirito Santo; LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 99, 1920 — Ilh^os — Belmonte, southern Bahia. Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro and Espirito Santo to Bahiaa. ^Rhynchocyclus olivaceus guianensis McConnellb. GUIANAN FLAT- BILL. Rhynchocyclus olivaceus guianensis McCoNNELL, Bull. B. O. C., 27, p. 106, 1911 — British Guiana. Craspedoprion intermedium TODD, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, p. 207, 1912 — Rio Yuruan, twelve miles from its mouth (type), and La Lajita, Rio Mato, Venezuela (type examined). "Material examined. — Bahia 8, Rio de Janeiro i, Registre do Sai, Rio i, un- specified 2. b Rhynchocyclus olivaceus guianensis MCCONNELL: Exceedingly close to R. o. olivaceus, but on average smaller; edges to larger upper wing-coverts narrower and paler, varying from dark olive buff to warm buff; throat and chest as a rule duller, more of a grayish green. This is a very unsatisfactory race, its alleged characters being far from constant ; yet I would like to see a better series before definitely condemning it. Material examined. — Venezuela: Caura River 2, Rio Yuruan 2. French Guiana: Saint Laurent du Maroni i, Tamanoir, Mana River i, Pied Saut, Oyapock 2. Brazil: Tury-assu, Maranhao i; Igarap6-Assu i, Sao Antonio do Prata i, Peixe-Boi, Pard district i; Rio Tapajdz (Villa Braga) 2; Marmellos, Rio Madeira i. Peru: Puerto Bermudez i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 289 Rhynchocyclus olivaceus (not of TEMMINCK) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 12, p. 293, 1905 — Igarape"-Assu, Para. Craspedoprion olivaceus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 361, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Para; idem, I.e., 17, p. 295, 1910 — Marmellos, Rio Madeira; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 24, 89, 1912 — Peixe- Boi and Para localities; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 394, 1914 — Para, Mocajatuba, Providencia, Ananindeua, Santa Isabel, Ourem (Rio Guama), Rio Xingu (Victoria), Rio Iriri (Bocca do Curua), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim, Villa Braga, Pimental), Rio Jamauchim (Santa Helena), Rio Jary (Sao Antonio da Cachoeira). Craspedoprion olivaceus guianensis CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 235, 1916 — La Lajita, Rio Mato. Craspedoprion guianensis CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 148, 1921 — Ituribisi River, Kamakabra Creek, Makauria, Anarica, and Abary River. Range : French and British Guiana ; eastern Venezuela (Rio Yuruan; Caura River; La Lajita, Rio Mato); northern Brazil, from western Maranhao, Para, and the Rio Jary west to the Madeira; eastern Peru (Puerto Bermudez, Rio Pichis, Dept. Junin). 2: Brazil (Tury-assu, Maranhao i); Peru (Puerto Bermudez i). Rhynchocyclus olivaceus aequinoctialis (Sclater}\ EQUINOCTIAL FLAT- BILL. Cyclorhynchus aequinoctialis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 70, 1858 — Rio Napo, Ecuador. Rhynchocyclus aequinoctialis SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 220, 1862 — Rio Napo; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 166, 1888 — part, spec, e-h, Sarayacu and Rio Napo, Ecuador. Craspedoprion aequinoctialis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 433, 1917 — La Morelia and Florencia, Colombia. Range: Tropical Zone at the eastern base of the Andes in south- eastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta) and eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo, Sarayacu, Rio Suno). ^Rhynchocyclus olivaceus flavus (Chapman)*. CARIBBEAN FLAT-BILL. • Rhynchocyclus olivaceus aequinoctialis (SCLATER) : Similar to R. o. guianensis, but markings on wing-coverts pale yellow (about Naples yellow) instead of buffy. Wing (females) 69-71; tail 58-59; bill 15-16. Material examined. — Ecuador: Rio Napo i, Rio Suno, above Avila 2. b Rhynchocyclus olivaceus flavus (CHAPMAN) : Agreeing with R. o. aequinoctialis in pale yellow wing markings, but slightly larger, with longer tail ; upper parts fresher green (serpentine instead of yellowish olive); yellow of abdomen deeper and more extensive. Wing (male) 75-77, (female) 69; tail 67-68, (female) 62. Material examined. — Colombia: Onaca i, Mamatoco i. Venezuela: Orope, Zulia i; Puerto Cabello, Carabobo i; Cariaquito, Bermudez i. 290 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Craspedoprion aequinoctidis flavus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, P- i?5» 1914 — Onaca, near coast in Santa Marta Mts. (type), and Cristobal Colon, Paria Peninsula, northeastern Venezuela; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 379, 192* — Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Las Vegas, Minca, Pueblo Viejo, and Don Diego, Santa Marta region. Rhynchocyclus aequinoctialis (not of SCLATER) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 146, 1900 — Onaca. Craspedoprion olivaceus guianensis (not of MCCONNELL) STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 203 — Cariaquito, Paria Peninsula (spec, examined). Range : Caribbean coast region of Colombia (Santa Marta district) and Venezuela, east to the Paria Peninsula. i: Venezuela (Orope, Zulia i). Rhynchocyclus olivaceus bardus (Bangs and Barbour)*. PANAMA FLAT-BILL. Craspedoprion olivaceus bardus BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 216, 1922 — Mount Sapo, Darien. Cyclorhynchus brevirostris (not of CABANIS) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 329, 1862 — Lion Hill, Panama. Cyclorhynchus aequinoctialis (not of SCLATER) LAWRENCE, I.e., 7, p. 473, 1862 — • Lion Hill, Panama. Rhynchocyclus aequinoctialis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, P- 359 — Lion Hill, Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 166, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Lion Hill Station, Panama, (?) d, Chepo, Veragua; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 9, 1888 — part, Panama. Craspedoprion aequinoctialis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 387, 1907 — part, Panama references and localities only; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 263 — Gatun, Panama. Range: Eastern Panama, from the Canal Zone to Darien; (?) Veragua. *Rhynchocyclus brevirostris pacificus (Chapman) b. PACIFIC FLAT- BILL. » Rhynchocyclus olivaceus bardus (BANGS and BARBOUR) : Very near to, and agree- ing with R. o. flavus in bright green upper parts, wing markings and size, but abdo- men richer and deeper yellow (approaching lemon yellow), and throat and chest more yellowish, with the streaking less distinct and more greenish. Wing (male) 74-76, (female) 72; tail 62-66, (female) 60-61; bill 13-15- Material examined. — Panama: Lion Hill i, Jesusito 4, Esndpe 2, Chepignana i, Tapalisa i. b Rhynchocyclus brevirostris pacificus (CHAPMAN) : Similar to R. b. brevirostris, but throat and breast more yellowish oil green, and edges to greater upper wing- coverts and inner secondaries clay color or pale ochraceous tawny. Wing (male) 78-81, (female) 75; tail 65-69, (female) 60; bill 14-16. While perfectly distinct from R. olivaceus bardus, of eastern Panama, by much larger size, brighter (yellowish oil green) upper parts, nearly uniform (lighter) yellow- 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 291 Craspedoprion pacificus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, p. 174, 1914 — Juntas de Tamana, Rio San Juan, Choc6, Colombia; idem, I.e., 36, p. 434, 1917 — Alto Bonito, Juntas de Tamana, Choc6, N6vita, Barbacoas, Pacific Colombia. Cyclorhynchus brevirostris (not of CABANIS) CASSIN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 144 — Rio Truando. Rhynchocydus aequinoctialis (not of SCLATER) HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — Cachavi, northwestern Ecuador (spec, examined). Craspedoprion aequinoctialis HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1127 — Novita and Noanama, Pacific Colombia. Range: Pacific coast of northwestern Ecuador (Prov. Esmeraldas) and Colombia north to the Rio Truando and (?) eastern Panama (Mount Tacarcuna). i: Ecuador (Lita, Prov. Esmeraldas i). *Rhynchocyclus brevirostris brevirostris (Cabanis). SHORT-BILLED FLAT-BILL. Cyclorhynchus brevirostris CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 249, 1847 — Jalapa, Mexico. Rhynchocydus mesorhynchus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 13, p. 414, 1865 — Guatemala. Rhynchocydus griseimentalis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 112, 1869 — Dota, Costa Rica. Rhynchocydus brevirostris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 166, 1888 — southern Mexico to Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 8, 1888 (monog.); BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool., 3, p. 35, 1902 — Boquete and Volcan de Chiriqui. Rhynchocydus aequinoctialis (not of SCLATER) BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 363, 1901 — Divala, Chiriqui (fide Bangs in litt.). Craspedoprion brevirostris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 388, 1907 — Mexico to Veragua (monog., full bibliog. references); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 300, 1907 — Boruca and Paso del Rio Grande ; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 726, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits); PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — thirty miles north of Camp Mengel. ish oil green throat and breast, much more restricted yellow abdominal area, greenish edges to median, and ochraceous tawny edges to greater wing-coverts, this bird agrees so closely with R. brevirostris, of Central America, that there can be little doubt as to its being a southern representative. Moreover, a specimen from the east slope of Mount Tacarcuna, in eastern Panama (American Museum Nat. Hist., No. 135910), resembles brevirostris even in yellowish green edges of secondaries and colora- tion of throat and breast; but whether it should be referred to the northern or southern race cannot be decided for certain, since the greater wing-coverts are lacking on both wings. Material examined. — Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Lita i, Cachavi i. Colombia: N6vita i, Noanama i, Alto Bonito i. 292 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Quin- tana Roo, and Yucatan), south through Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica to western Panama (Chiriqui, Veragua)a. 7: Guatemala (Choctum i, Alto Vera Paz i); Nicaragua (San Raphael del Norte i); Costa Rica (Boruca i, Pozo Azul Pirns i, El General i, Siquirres i). *Rhynchocyclus fulvipectus (Sclater). FULVOUS-BREASTED FLAT-BILL. Cyclorhynchus fulvipectus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 28, p. 92, 1860 — Nanegal, Ecuador. Rhynchocyclus fulvipectus SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 220, 1862 — Nane- gal; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 513 — Frontino (Antioquia) and Bogota (egg descr.); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 537 — Ropaybamba; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 20 — Huambo; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 279, 1884 — Ropay- bamba, Huambo; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 90 — Mapoto and Machay, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 167, pi. 13, 1888 — Nanegal, Sarayacu, Frontino, Bogota; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 113, 1906 — Huaynapata, Marcapata. Craspedoprion fulvipectus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 434, 1917 — Ricaurte and Cerro Munchique (Western Andes), Andalucia and Aguadita (Eastern Andes), Colombia. Range: Subtropical Zone of the Andes from Colombia (except Santa Marta range) to southeastern Peru (Marcapata, Dept. Cuzco)b. 2: Peru (Uchco, forty miles east of Chachapoyas i; Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco i). Genus RAMPHOTRIGON Gray. Ramphotrigon GRAY, Cat. Gen. and Subgen. Birds, p. 146, 1855 — type by orig. desig. Platyrhynchus ruficauda SPIX. Ramphotrigon ruficauda (Spix). RUFOUS-TAILED FLAT-BILL. Platyrhynchus ruficauda SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 9, pi. n, fig. i, 1825 — "in sylvis fluna. Amazonum" (type in Munich Museum examined). Rhynchocydus ruficauda SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 221, 1862 — Cayenne; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 578 — Para; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. no, 1868 — Villa Maria [ = San Luis de Caceres] (Matto Grosso), Borba (Rio Madeira) and Marabitanas (Rio Negro); SCLATER and SALVIN, • Nineteen specimens from Guatemala to Chiriqui examined. b Birds from Bogota, eastern Ecuador, and Peru seem to be alike, but in the absence of topotypical material I have no means of ascertaining if they are really quite identical with fulvipectus from the west side of the Andes. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 2. Ecuador: Mapoto 2, Machay i. Peru: Uchco i, Chinchao i, Huaynapata (Marcapata) 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLMAYR. 293 P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 280 — Chamicuros, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 284, 1884 — Chamicuros; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 296 — Bartica Grove, Cama- cusa, and Mei-urne" Mts., British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 172, 1888 — Chamicuros, Para, Cayenne, Bartica Grove, Camacusa, Cari- mang River, and Merum6 Mts.; RIKER, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diamantina, near Santarem; GOELDI, Ibis, 1903, p. 499 — Capim River. Ramphotrigon ruficauda BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 47, 1902 — Munduapo (Rio Orinoco), Suapure and La Pricion (Caura), Venezuela; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 131, 1908 — Cayenne; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 643, 1906 (note on type); idem, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 48, 1907 — Teff6, Rio Solimoes; idem, I.e., p. 356, 1907 — Humaytha, Rio Madeira; idem, I.e., 17, p. 295, 1910 — Calama and Maroins, Rio Madeira; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Para, Capim; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 396, 1914 — Para, Rio Capim, Rio Tapaj6z (Santarem), Rio Maecuru, Obidos, Rio Jamunda (Faro); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 238, 1916 — Munduapo, Rio Orinoco and La Union, Caura River; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 75, 1918 — Lelydorp and Rijsdijkweg, Surinam; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 153, 1921 — numerous localities. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; southern Venezuela (Orinoco and Caura valleys) ; northern Brazil, east to Para, south to western Matto Grosso (San Luis de Caceres); eastern Peru (Chami- curos) a. Ramphotrigon fuscicauda Chapman*. DUSKY-TAILED FLAT-BILL. Ramphotrigon fuscicauda CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 187, p. 5, 1925 — Rio Suno, eastern Ecuador. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Rio Suno). Subfamily EUSCARTHMINAE. Genus TODIROSTRUM Lesson". Todirostrum LESSON, Traite" d'Orn., p. 384, 1831 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1840, p. 31) Todus cinereus LINNAEUS. a Birds from the Caura Valley agree well with a series from the Brazilian Amazon. No material seen from the Guianas. b Ramphotrigon fuscicauda CHAPMAN: "Resembling R. fuscicauda, but rump and upper tail-coverts olive green; wings and tail fuscous black, narrowly margined with buffy citrine; wing coverts tipped with cinnamon. Wing (female) 68; tail 63; bill 16". (Chapman, I.e.). We have not been able to examine a specimen of this newly described species. 0 The genus, as circumscribed here, is rather heterogeneous and probably requires subdivision, its members being exceedingly variable in shape of bill and color pattern. 1 cannot make out Todus griseus DESMAREST (Hist. Nat. Tang, etc., livr. 10, p. 69, 1806), possibly a member of this genus. It was described from a single specimen of unknown origin which is no longer in the Paris Museum. 294 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Triccus CABANIS in Tschudi, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 164, 1846 — new name for Todirostrum LESSON. Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum chrysocrotaphum Strickland. YELLOW- BROWED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum STRICKLAND, Contrib. Ornith., 1850, p. 48-6, pi. 49 (upper figure) — Peru; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 187 — Upper Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278 — near Sarayacu, Ucayali (spec, ex- amined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 227, 1884 — Sarayacu; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 71, 1888 — Upper Ucayali; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — falls of the Madeira, Bolivia; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 483, 1907 — San Mateo, Bolivia; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 288, 19 10 — Marmellos, Rio Madeira; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Monte Verde, Rio Punis; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 399, 1914 — Monte Verde. Range: Upper Amazonia, from eastern Peru (Ucayali) south to northern Bolivia (San Mateo; falls of the Madeira), east to the Rio Madeira (Marmellos) in northern Brazil". ^Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum illigeri (Cabanis and Heine)b. ILLI- GER'S TODY-TYRANT. Triccus illigeri CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 49, 1859 — Para (type in Berlin Museum examined). Todirostrum illigeri HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Para (crit.); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 399, 1914 — Para, Quati-purii, Rio Tocantins (Baiao, Arumatheua). Range: Northeastern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Tocan- tins to western Maranhao (Tury-assu). 2: Brazil (Tury-assu, Maranhao 2). *Todirostrum nigriceps Sdater. BLACK-HEADED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum nigriceps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 66, pi. 84, fig. i, 1855 — • Santa Marta; CASSIN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 144 — Turbo; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 330, 1862 — Lion Hill, Panama; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 358 — Lion Hill; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. no, 1868 — Angostura, Costa Rica; SCLATER, * All the specimens seen by me lack the white loral streak shown in Strickland's figure. Material examined. — Peru: Ucayali 2. Bolivia: San Mateo 2. Brazil: Mar- mellos, Rio Madeira i. b Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum illigeri (CABANIS and HEINE): Differs from the typical race by darker green back, a distinct black malar streak, and by haying the entire upper throat (instead of only the chin) white. Wing 42, (female) 39 ; tail 27-28 ; bill 12-13. Material examined. — Para (including the type) 3; Tury-assu, Maranhao 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 295 Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 72, 1888 — Panama, Santa Marta, "Rio Napo"; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 13, 1888 — Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 135, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 150, 1900 — Bonda; idem, I.e., 21, p. 286, 1905 — Bonda (nest and egg descr.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 366, 1907 — Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, "Ecuador"; CARRIKER, Ann, Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 731, 1910 — Cariblanco de Sarapiqui, Jimenez, Guapiles, and Guacimo, Costa Rica; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 438, 1917 — Malena, near Puerto Berrio, lower Magdalena; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 382, 1922 — Bonda, La Tigrera, Tierra Nueva, Don Diego, Pundaci6n, and Loma Larga, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, p. 487, 1926 — Naranjo, Ecuador. Range: Costa Rica (Caribbean slope) ; Panama; northern Colombia (Turbo; Baranquilla; Santa Marta district; Malena, lower Magdalena; "Bogota"); and western Ecuador (NaranjoH 2: Costa Rica (Siquirres i); Colombia (Bogota i). Todirostrum guttatum Pelzeln. PELZELN'S SPOTTED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum guttatum PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 172, 1868 — Barcellos and Poiares, Rio Negro (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 73, 1888 — "Bogota" and Pebas, Peru (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 46, 1907 — Teffe", Rio Solimoes. Range: Northwestern Brazil (Barcellos and Poiares, Rio Negro; Teffe", Rio Solimoes) ; northernPeru (Pebas); Colombia ("Bogota")". Todirostrum pictum Salvin*. PAINTED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum pictum SALVIN, Bull. B. O. C., 7, p. XV, 1897 — Annai, British Guiana (type in British Museum examined); MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 116, 1904 — Saint Jean du Maroni, French Guiana (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 315, 320, 1908 — St. Jean du Maroni; •The specimen in the British Museum, labelled "Rio Napo" has all the ap- pearance of the so-called "Quito" skins. Material examined. — Costa Rica: Siquirres i. Colombia: Baranquilla i, Mamatoco i, Aracataca 3, "Bogota i." Ecuador: "Rio Napo" i. b A single Bogota skin agrees well with two adult males from Barcellos, Rio Negro, while another male from Pebas (August 7, 1872, J. Hauxwell) differs by having the superciliary stripe, wing markings, and under parts duller, more of a greenish yellow. Females are less coarsely spotted on the chest. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota i. Peru: Pebas i. Brazil: Teffe", Rio Solimoes i; Rio Negro, Barcellos 2, Poiares i. 0 Todirostrum pictum SALVIN: Closely allied to, and probably conspecific with T. guttatum, but readily distinguished by lacking the yellow superciliary stripe; duller green back, and white (instead of yellow) cheeks, malar region, and throat. The black spotting on chest and malar region is the same as in its ally. Wing (male) 41-42, (female) 39; tail 29-32; bill 13-15. Material examined. — French Guiana: Saint Jean du Maroni 2. Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo 6. British Guiana: Annai (the type) i. 296 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 215, 1910 — Surinam; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 399, 1914 — Obidos; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 75, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 156, 1921 — Annai and Makauria River. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana, south to the north bank of the lower Amazon, Brazil (Obidos). Todirostrum calopterum Sclater. JARDINE'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum calopterum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 25, p. 82, pi. 125, fig. i, July 1857 — Rio Napo, Ecuador (type now in British Museum ex Coll. Jardine examined); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 72, 1888 — Sarayacu, Rio Napo. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo, Sarayacu) a. Todirostrum pulchellum Sclater b. BLACK-BACKED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum pulchellum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond. for Dec. 1873, p. 780, 781, 1874— Cosnipata, Dept. Cuzco (type examined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 227, 1884 — Cosnipata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 72, 1888 — Cosnipata; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 48, 1920 — Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya (crit.). Range: Southeastern Peru, in depts. Cuzco (Cosnipata) and Puno (Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya). ^Todirostrum poliocephalum (Wied)*. GRAY-HEADED TODY-TYRANT. Todus poliocephalus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 964, 1831 — Rio de Janeiro (types now in American Museum of Natural History, New York). Todirostrum flavifrons LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 361, 1846 — Brazil. Triccus poliocephalus BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 496, 1856 — Rio de Janeiro; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 87, 1874 — Cantagallo. a Material examined. — Rio Napo (the type) i, Sarayacu 4. b Todirostrum pulchellum SCLATER: Nearly related to, and probably only a southern race of T. calopterum, but upper (and sometimes also the lower) back black instead of olive green; margins of secondaries about twice as wide and whitish, in- stead of olive yellow; lesser wing-coverts much deeper chestnut; loral spot rufous; narrower superciliaries white, fringed with blackish; throat more purely white and separated from the white malar stripe by a very distinct, black maxillary streak. Wing (two males) 48-48 ^, (one female) 47; tail 31^2-33; bill 1 1. Material examined. — Cosnipata (the type) i, Yahuarmayo 2. c Todirostrum poliocephalum (WIED) differs from T. cinereum in much shorter bill; much brighter, yellowish green back and upper tail coverts (the latter being blackish in its ally); wider, deeper yellow wing markings; bright yellow supraloral streak; olive green (instead of slaty black) cheeks and auriculars; and by having the rectrices grayish brown with very distinct yellowish green outer margins, but without white tips. Material examined. — Espirito Santo: Engenheiro Reeve i. Rio de Janeiro: Therezopolis i, Rio 2, Sapitiba i. Sao Paulo: Iguap6 i. Santa Catharina: Blumenau i. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 297 Todirostrum poliocephalum PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — Sapitiba and Rio de Janeiro (spec, examined); idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 291, 1874 — Novo Friburgo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 71, 1888 — Sao Paulo, Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 228, 1889 (note on types); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 183, 1899 — Sao Sebastiao, Sao Amaro, Piquete (Sao Paulo); idem, I.e., 4, p. 154, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo, Rio; EULER, I.e., p. 40, 1900 (nest and egg descr.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 266, 1907 — Sao Sebastiao, Piquete, Cachoeira, Alto da Serra and Ubatuba (Sao Paulo), Porto Cachoeiro (Espirito Santo). Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro south to Santa Catharina. i : Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio i). *Todirostrum cinereum cinereum (Linnaeus). GRAY-BACKED TODY- TYRANT. Todus cinereus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., i2th ed., i, p. 178, 1766 — based on "The Grey and Yellow Flycatcher" Edwards, Glean, Nat. Hist., 2, p. no, pi. 262 (lower figure), Surinam; DESMAREST, Hist. Nat. Tang., Manak. et Todiers, livr. 10, pi. 68, 1806 — Cayenne and Surinam. Muscicapa meloxantha SPARRMAN, Mus. Carlson., fasc. 3, pi. 97, 1788 — no locality indicated. Todus melanocephalus SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 8, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1825 — banks of the Amazon (type in Munich Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 641, 1906 (crit.). Todirostrum plumbeum (not Todus plumbeus GMELIN 1788) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 273, 1869 — "Guasipati, Guyana, Venezuela" (alcoholic specimen). Todirostrum cinereum LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 360, 1846 — "Bre'sil, la Tri- nite'"; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 148, 1855 — Bogotd; idem, I.e., 25, p. 83, 1857 — part; idem, I.e., 26, p-458, 1858 — Zamora, Ecuador; CASSIN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 144 — Carthagena; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — part, Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Carupano, Venezuela; idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Maranura and Potrero, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 512 — Medellin, Santa Elena, and Remedies, Colombia; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 332 — Cucuta Valley and San Nicolas, Colombia; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 534 — Monterico; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Callacate; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Huambo; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 225, 1884 — Peruvian localities; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 298, 1884 — Bucaramanga; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 292 — Bartica Grove, Mei-urne" Mts., Roraima; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 89 — Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 69, 1888 — part, spec, s-z, c'-h', Santa Marta, Medellin, Bogota, Bucaramanga, San Esteban, "Trinidad," Bartica Grove, Roraima; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 301, 1889 — Tarapoto, Peru; RIKER, Auk, 7, p. 269, 1890 — Santarem; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 359 — La Merced, La Gloria, and San Emilio, Peru; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumand and Cumanacoa, Ber- 298 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. mudez, Venezuela; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 306 — Bogota; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 150, 1900 — Cienaga; ROBINSON and RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 24, p. 174, 1901 — La Guaira; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 37, 1902 — Altagracia and Ciudad Bolivar, Orinoco River; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 116, 1904 — Mahury, French Guiana; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 265, 1907 — part, Santarem; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 131, 1908 — Cayenne, Roche-Marie, Approu- ague, French Guiana; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 204 — Cariaquito, Pedernales, Buelta Triste and Jocopita, Manimo River, Venezuela; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 399, 1914 — Maraj6 (Pindobal, Rio Arary, Sao Natal) and Monte Alegre; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 154, 1921 — numerous localities. Todirostrum cinereum cinereum BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 96, 1909 — Guan- oco, Orinoco delta; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lend., 1911, p. 1128 — Guineo, Rio Calima, Colombia; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 130, 1912 — Cachoueira, Maraj6; idem and SEILERN,- Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 75 , 1 9 1 2 — Las Quiguas, Venezuela ; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 220, 1916 — Orinoco region (nest and egg descr.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 437, 1917 — Turbaco, Dabeiba, Alto Bonito, Peque, Bagado, Juntas de Tamana, San Jose", Caldas, Las Lomitas, Puerto Valdivia, Cali, Rio Frio, below Miraflores, below Andalucia, Fusugasuga, Chicoral, Honda, Malena, Calamar, Villavicencio, Colombia; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 75, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Santa Ana, Idma, Chauillay, San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba region; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 383, 1922 — Fundaci6n and Punto Caiman, Santa Marta region; DELACOUR, Ibis, 1923, p. 147 — Guarico, Venezuela. Triccus cinereus CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 702, 1848 — • British Guiana. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; northern Brazil (Rio Branco; Maraj6; Monte Alegre; Santarem); Venezuela; Colombia; eastern Ecuador (Zamora, Mapoto); eastern Peru (south to the Urubamba Valley) a. 54: Surinam (vicinity of Paramaribo i); British Guiana (George- town 2) ; Brazil (Boavista, Rio Branco i, Serra da Lua, near Boavista i) ; Venezuela (Caracas 8, Macuto, Caracas i; Maracay, Aragua 10; La Ceiba, Trujillo i; Encontrados, Zulia 3, Catatumbo River, Zulia 3, Orope, Zulia i); Colombia (Bogotd 4; El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose" de Cucuta, Santander i ; Puerto Valdivia, Cauca i ; Rio Frio, Cauca i); Peru (Poco Tambo i; Moyobamba 6; Vista Alegre, Dept. Hudnuco 4, Chinchao, Dept. Hu&nuco i ; Puerto Bermudez, Rio Pichis i, Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo i, San Ramon, Dept. Junin i). * Birds from Maraj6 closely approach T. c. cearae, of northeastern Brazil (Bahia to Maranhao), while specimens from northern and western Colombia are sometimes barely distinguishable from T. c. finitimum, of Central America. One hundred and seventeen specimens examined. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 299 ^Todirostrum cinereum cearae Cory*. CEARA TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum cinereum cearae CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 342, 1916 — Serra Baturit£, Ceara. Todirostrum cinereum (not of LINNAEUS) FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 341 — from Recife and Parahyba to Garanhuns (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 69, 1888 — part, spec, i'-l', Pernambuco, Bahia (spec, examined); NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 40 — Bahia; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 265, 1907 — part, Bahia; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 72, 1910; I.e., p. 157, 1925 — Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Bahia (city) and Fogo, near Joazeiro, Bahia. Range: Eastern Brazil, from southern Bahia (Caravellas) north to Maranhao. 10: Brazil, Ceard (Serra Baturite* i); Piauhy (Deserto i, Ibiapaba 2); Maranhao (Tury-assu i, Sao Bento i, Rosario 3, Cod6, Cocos i). *Todirostrum cinereum coloreum Ridgwayb. RIDGWAY'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum cinereum coloreum RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 115, 1906 — Corumba, Matto Grosso; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 41, 1908 — Goyaz (crit.); MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 57, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 25, 1925 — Mojos, Bolivia (crit.). Todirostrum cinereum (not of LINNAEUS) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 46, 1837 — Mojos, Bolivia (spec, in Paris Museum examined) ; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. mend., Ois., p. 315, 1839 — Concepcion, Mojos; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 100, 1868 — part, Rio Parana (Sao Paulo), Cuyabd, Caicara, and Sao Vicente, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 332, 1892 — Chapada and Corumba, Matto Grosso; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 115 — Rabicho, Matto Grosso, and Cabo Emma, Rio Paraguay, Bolivia. Range: Interior of Brazil, in states of Minas Geraes (Agua Suja, near Bagagem), northern Sao Paulo (Rio Parana), Goyaz, and Matto Grosso; eastern Bolivia (Mojos; Cabo Emma, Rio Paraguay). i : Brazil (Descalvados, Matto Grosso. a Todirostrum cinereum cearae CORY: Similar to T. c. cinereum in slaty upper parts, but back lighter gray; edges to wing-coverts and secondaries less yellowish, frequently pure white; yellowish white tip to external rectrices wider; size on average smaller. Wing 40-42, once 44; tail 31-33. This appears to be a fairly separable race, smaller and paler above than typical cinereum, and approaching coloreum in the extent of the white apical spot to the outer rectrices. The wing markings are even more whitish than in the Matto Grosso form. In addition to the specimens listed above, I have examined three from Bahia and two from Pernambuco. b Todirostrum cinereum coloreum RIDGWAY: Nearest to T. c. cearae, but back decidedly greenish, more or less contrasting with slate gray of hind neck; wing mark- ings more yellowish; size larger. Wing 43-47; tail 35-40. Material examined. — Brazil, Matto Grosso: Descalvados i, Corumba 2, Cuyabd 3, Caicara 2, Sao Vicente i; Rio Parana, Sao Paulo i; Goyaz i; Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes 4. Bolivia: Mojos i. 300 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. ^Todirostrum cinereum finitimum Bangs. NORTHERN TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum cinereum finitimum BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 114, 1904— San Juan Bautista, Tabasco, Mexico; THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 217, 1906 — Savanna of Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 364, 1907 — southern Mexico to Panama (monog., full bibliographic references) ; BANGS, Auk, 14, p. 300, 1907 — Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 102, 1907 — Los Amates and San Jos£, Guatemala; FERRY, I.e., p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 732, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and egg descr.); PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Xcopen and Camp Mengel, Terre Quintana Roo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 264 — Gatun, Panama; HALUNAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Sosa Hill, Panama. Todirostrum cinereum (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 69, 1888 — part, spec, a-r, Guatemala, Yucatan, Honduras, Costa Rica, Chiriqui, Veragua, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 12, 1888 — part, Central American references and localities. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco, Quin- tana Roo, and Yucatan) south through Guatemala, Honduras, Nicara- gua, and Costa Rica to the Isthmus of Panama. 26: Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel 2; San Jose", Esquintla 4; unspecified i); Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i, San Gero- nimo, Chinandega i); Costa Rica (Guayabo 6, Bolson i, Limon 4, Siquirres i, Juan Vifias i); Panama (Balboa i, Colon 3). ^Todirostrum cinereum sclateri (Cabanis and Heine)*. WHITE- CHINNED TODY-TYRANT. Triccus sclateri CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 50, 1859 — Peru (type in Heine Collection examined). Todirostrum cinereum (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 283, 1860 — Babahoyo; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1877, p. 325 — Tumbez; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 69, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, Intac. Todirostrum sclateri BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 553 — Guayaquil and Chimbo; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 88— Yaguachi; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 226, 1884 — Tumbez; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 71, 1888 (ex Berlepsch and Taczanowski) ; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Chimbo and Paramba; idem, I.e., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Lita and San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 5, 1899 — La Concepcion, Intac, Guayaquil, Vinces, and Balzar; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 702 — Intac, Santo Domingo, San Nicolas; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geogr. Armee Mes. Arc Mend. Equat., 9, p. 851, • Todirostrum cinereum sclateri (CABANIS and HEINE) : Differs from T. c. cinereum by having the upper throat and malar region white. Material examined. — Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: San Javier 6, Lita 2, Caron- delet i ; Yaguachi i, Chimbo 3, Guayaquil 4. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 301 1911 — Gualea and Santo Domingo; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 438, 1917 — Tumaco, Barbacoas, and Buenavista (Narifio), southwestern Colombia; LSNNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — • Ecuador. Range: Pacific slope of the Andes from southwestern Colombia (State of Narifio) through western Ecuador to northwestern Peru (Tumbez). 2: Ecuador (San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas i; Chimbo i). *Todirostrum viridanum sp. nov.a MARACAIBO TODY-TYRANT. Range: Arid littoral of northwestern Venezuela, State of Zulia (Maracaibo; Rio Aurare, twelve miles southeast of Altagracia, eastern shore of Lake Maracaibo). 3: Venezuela (Maracaibo i ; Rio Aurare 2). ^Todirostrum maculatum maculatum (Desmaresf). SPOTTED TODY- TYRANT. Todus maculatus DESMAREST, Hist. nat. Tang., Manak. et Todiers, livr. 10, pi. 70, 1806 — French Guiana (type in Paris Museum examined). Todus cinereus (not of LINNAEUS) SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 8, pi. 10, fig. i ("mas"), 1825 — part, descr. of male, no locality given (spec, in Munich Museum ex- amined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 641, 1906 (crit.). Todirostrum surinamense PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 214, 1910 — Surinam. * Todirostrum viridanum sp. nov. Type from Rio Aurare, twelve miles southeast of Altagracia, eastern shore of Lake Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela, in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 43456. Adult male. January 19, 1911. W. H. Osgood and S. J. Jewett. Adult (sexes alike). — Nearest to T. c. cinereum, but with much shorter tail and larger bill; crown neutral gray, passing into dull blackish only on anterior portion; some of the feathers on the anterior crown spotted with creamy white; back bright green (varying from serpentine to warbler green) instead of slate olive; edges to larger wing-coverts and inner secondaries cream buff instead of olive yellow; frontal edge and supraloral streak, reaching to posterior edge of the eye buffy white; only a small anteocular spot blackish ; cheeks and auriculars buffy olive (instead of blackish slate) ; under parts deeper yellow, strongly tinged with buff along sides, and gradually shading into paler yellow on throat. Wing (male) 44-45, (female) 42^; tail 28-29, (female) 26; bill 16-17. The neutral gray (instead of blackish) crown, the bright green back, and the ab- sence of black on sides of head, together with the conspicuous buffy supraloral streak and the strong buffy tinge on the lateral under parts serve to distinguish this species at first sight from the T. cinereus group. Besides, the proportions are different, the tail being shorter, and the bill, while essentially of the same shape, much longer. The mandible is almost entirely brownish white in the three specimens, but this sometimes occurs in the allied T. cinereum with which the new bird agrees in shape and markings of the rectrices. The coloration of the upper parts — except for the buffy edges on wing-coverts and secondaries — is exactly the same as in T. maculatum signatum . 302 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Todirostrum maculatum LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 360, 1846 — Cayenne; BONAPARTE, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 2, p. 35, 1857 — Cayenne; LA YARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 381 — Pard; SALVIN, Cat. Strickland Coll., p. 302, 1882 — Mexiana Isl.; idem, Ibis, 1885, p. 292 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 73, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, e, f, Bartica Grove, Cayenne, Mexiana, Para; GOELDI, Ibis, 1897, p. 161 — Amapa; idem, I.e., p. 368 — Para (nest descr.); idem, I.e., 1903, p. 499 — Capim River; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 131, 318, 1908 — Cayenne, Roche-Marie, Isle le Pere, Saint Georges d'Oya- pock, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 525, 1908 — Arumatheua, and Alcobaga, Rio Tocantins; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 96, 1909 — Cano San Juan, Orinoco delta; PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 214, 1910 — Surinam; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 205 — Pedernales, Orinoco delta; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 400, 1914 — Para, Sta. Isabel, Rio Mojti, Rio Tocantins, Marajo (Pacoval, Rio Arary, Sao Natal), Maraca, Amapa; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 221, 1916 — Orinoco delta; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 157, 1921 — Bartica, Bonasika River, Abary and Anarica River. Todirostrum signatum (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 117, 1904 — Saint Georges d'Oyapock (spec, examined). Todirostrum maculatum maculatum HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Para, Capim River; idem, I.e., p. 106, 1912 — Faz. Nazareth, Mexiana Isl. (crit.) ; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 76, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo. Range: Northeastern Venezuela (Orinoco delta); British, Dutch, and French Guiana; northeastern Brazil (Amapa, Maraca, southern Guiana; Maraj6; Mexiana; Para district, west to the Tocantins, east to Maranhao) a. 3: Brazil, Para (Utinga i); Maranhao (Sao Luiz i, Tury-assii i). ^Todirostrum maculatum signatum Sclater and Salvinb. AMAZONIAN TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum signatum SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, (4) 5, p. 267, 1881 — Nauta, Pebas, and Iquitos, Rio Maranon, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 228, 1884 — same localities; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 74, 1888 — Pebas, Iquitos. a Birds from Para, Mexiana, and Maranhao appear to be inseparable from a Guianan series. b Todirostrum maculatum signatum SCLATER and SALVIN: Very similar to T. m. maculatum, but crown much paler, neutral gray, spotted with black only on anterior portion instead of being mostly black. Birds from Teff6 (Rio Solimoes), Rio Jurua, and Rio Madeira agree with others from Peru and Ecuador (Rio Napo). Specimens from the Rio Negro, Rio Branco, Itacoatiard, and the Tapajoz form the transition to maculatum, though taken as a whole, they are nearer to signatum. Material examined. — Ecuador: Rio Napo 4. Peru: Nauta 4, Iquitos i. Brazil: Teffe", Rio Solimoes i , Rio J urud i ; Rio Negro, Barcellos 3, Carvoeiro 3 ; Rio Branco 2 ; Itacoatiara 2; Itaituba, Rio Tapajdz i, Santarem i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLMAYR. 303 Todirostrum maculatum (not of DESMAREST) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 187 — Nauta and Upper Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278 — Nauta, Pebas, Ucayali; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 1868 — Barcellos and Carvoeiro, Rio Negro, and Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 73, 1888 — part, spec, d, Bar- cellos; RIKER, Auk, 7, p. 269, 1890 — Santarem; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 433, 1905 — Rio Jurua (spec, examined); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 266, 1907 — Santarem (spec, examined); SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 501, 1908 — Goyana and Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z. Todirostrum maculatum signatum IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 267, 1907 — Rio Jurud; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. n, 1907 — Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 46, 1907 — Teffe", Rio Solimoes; idem, I.e., 17, p. 288, 1910 — Calama and Marmellos, Rio Madeira; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Monte Verde, Rio Purus; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 400, 1914 — 'Rio Xingii (Forte Ambe'), Rio Tapaj6z (Itaituba, Goyana), Rio Jamauchim (Conceicao, Tucunar6), Rio Puriis (Monte Verde), Arumanduba, Monte Alegre, Rio Maecuni, Rio Jamunda (Faro). Range: Amazonia, from the eastern slope of the Andes in Ecuador and Peru throughout the greater part of northern Brazil, east to the Jary and Xingii (fide Snethlage)a. 3: (Itacoatiara 2, lower Rio Branco i). ^Todirostrum fumifrons fumifrons Hartlaubb. SMOKY-FRONTED TODY- TYRANT. Todirostrum fumifrons HARTLAUB, Journ. Orn., i, p. 35, 1853 — Brazil (we suggest Bahia). Triccus crinitus BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 497, 1856 — Brazil (type in Halle Museum examined). Euscarthmus fumifrons CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 51, 1859 — Brazil; SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 209, 1862 — Brazil; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 79, 1888 — part, spec, c, "Guiana" = Bahia skin; HELLMAYR, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 53, p. 205, 1903 (crit.). Range: Eastern Brazil, in states of Bahia and Maranhao. B Todirostrum gracilipes SCLATER (P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota) is possibly related to this group. It is described as allied to T. maculatum and T. ( = Euscarthmornis) slriaticolle and having the throat and breast striated with black, but would appear to differ by its yellow (instead of white) throat, dusky crown ("pileo fuscescente") and flesh color tarsi. The bill is stated to be similar to that of T. macu- latum, though rather shorter and narrower. I do not know of any species answering to this description. It is not even mentioned in the Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum and the type, formerly in that institution, has obviously disappeared. b This scarce species is nearly related to, and agrees in form with, the better known T. latirostre, but differs by the larger upper wing-coverts being broadly tipped with pinard yellow (instead of exteriorly edged with yellow-ocher) ; pinard yellow (instead of white) under parts, without any gray on chest, and with the throat more purely white; much brighter yellowish green upper parts; pinkish buff instead of cinnamon buff lores and orbital region, etc. Wing 42-46; tail 31-35; bill 12. Material examined. — Bahia 5, Maranhao 5, "Brazil" 2. 304 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 5: Brazil, Maranhao (Grajahu i, Barra do Corda 2, Tranqueira i, Alto Parnahyba i). Todirostrum fumifrons penardi Hellmayr*. PENARD'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum fumifrons penardi HELLMAYR, Bull. B. O. C., 15, p. 90, 1905 — near Paramaribo, Surinam; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 132, 1908 — Saint Georges d'Oyapock, French Guiana. Euscarthmus fumifrons (not of HARTLAUB) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 79, 1888 — part, spec, a, St. Georges d'Oyapock (spec, examined); PENARD and PENARD, Vog. Guyana, 2, p. 216, 1910 — Surinam (nest and eggs descr.). Range: French and Dutch Guiana. ^Todirostrum latirostre latirostre (Pelzeln). RUSTY-FACED TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus latirostris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 173, 1868 — Borba, Rio Madeira (type in Vienna Museum examined); BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. n, 1890 — Cuyabd; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 349, 1905 — Avanhandava, Sao Paulo (spec, examined) and Santarem. Euscarthmus ochropterus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 143, 1889 — Chapada, Matto Grosso (five topotypes examined); idem, I.e., 4, p. 333, 1 892 — Chapada. Todirostrum gulare (not Muscicapa gularis TEMMINCK) LAFRESNAYE and D'OR- BIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 46, 1837 — part, descr. of "female" from Chiquitos (spec, in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. m£rid., Ois., p. 315, 1839 — part, female, Santo Corazon de Chiquitos, Bolivia. Todirostrum latirostre HELLMAYR, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 53, p. 205, 1903 (crit.); idem, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 47, 1907 — TeS.6, Rio Solimoes; idem, I.e., 17, p. 289, 1910 — Borba, Rio Madeira; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 483, 1907 (crit.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 266, 1907 — Avanhandava (Sao Paulo) and Santarem; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 25, 1925 — Chiquitos, Bolivia. Euscarthmus latirostris latirostris CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 7, 1924 — Matto Grosso, Bolivia (Rio Chapar6) and southeastern Peru (Candamo, Astillero). Range: Interior of Brazil, from the Tapajoz (Santarem) and Solimoes (Teffe) south through Matto Grosso to northern Sao Paulo (Avanhandava, Tiete* region); eastern Bolivia; southeastern Peru (Marcapata district)b. » Todirostrum fumifrons penardi HELLMAYR: Very similar to T. f. fumifrons, but upper parts conspicuously darker (less yellowish) green; wing bands narrower and paler, yellowish white; cheeks and auriculars more grayish. Wing 41-44; tail 3O>£- 33K; bill 12. Material examined. — French Guiana: Saint Georges d'Oyapock i. Dutch Gui- ana: near Paramaribo 2. b Some of the originals of E. ochropterus were directly compared and found iden- tical with the type of E. latirostris. Two specimens from Teff 6 are difficult to allocate, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 305 2 : Bolivia (Todos Santos, Rio Chapare* 2). *Todirostrum latirostre caniceps (Chapman)*. GRAY-CROWNED TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus latirostris caniceps CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 7, 1924 — Florencia, Rio Caqueta, Colombia. Euscarthmus latirostris (not of PELZELN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 81, 1888 — Chamicuros (Peru), Rio Napo, (?) Nauta; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 360 — La Merced, Chanchamayo (spec, examined); SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 5, 1899 — • Rio Zamora, Ecuador. Todirostrum latirostre CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 439, 1917 — Florencia, Colombia. Range: Southeastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta), south through east- ern Ecuador to central Peru (La Merced, Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin). 4 : Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Huanuco 4) . Todirostrum mirandae Snethlage*. MIRANDA'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum mirandae SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 73, p. 266, 1925 — S&o Paulo, Serra de Ibiapaba, Ceara (type in Berlin Museum examined). being intermediate between latirostre and caniceps. Above they are almost as dark as the latter, while in coloration of under parts they are nearer the typical race. More material from the Solimoes is required to decide their proper pertinance. Material examined. — Brazil: Borba (the type) i; Teff6, Rio Solimoes 2; Matto Grosso, Chapada 4, Abrilongo i ; Sao Jeronymo, Tiete', Avanhandava, Sao Paulo i. Bolivia: Santo Coraz6n, Chiquitos i, Todos Santos, Rio Chapare" 2, Santa Cruz i. ft Todirostrum latirostre caniceps (CHAPMAN): Similar to T. 1. latirostre, but crown much darker and more slaty, dark grayish olive rather than light brownish olive; back likewise darker, somewhat lighter than olive green (instead of between citrine and warbler green); chest more strongly tinged with grayish. Wing (male) 51-52; tail 3 3-37; bill 12. Material examined. — Ecuador: Rio Zamora i, Rio Napo i. Peru: Vista Alegre, Huanuco 4; La Merced, Chanchamayo i. b Todirostrum mirandae SNETHLAGE: Upper parts between serpentine green and yellowish citrine, somewhat duller (about buffy citrine) on hind neck and crown, and passing into light buffy brown on the forehead; smaller wing-coverts like the back, the greater series dusky, edged with buffy citrine along the outer web; alula and pri- mary coverts plain dusky; remiges likewise dusky, exteriorly margined with yellowish citrine, these edges becoming wider and brighter (buffy yellow) on the tertials; tail dusky, with narrow greenish edges; sides of head, throat and chest warm buff, darkest on the auriculars, and passing into light buff along the middle of the abdomen ; sides and under tail-coverts washed with light yellowish; edge of wing and under wing-coverts buffy yellow; bill blackish , lower mandible brownish white, spotted with dusky; legs and feet flesh color. Wing (unsexed adult) 48; tail 41; bill 12. A very distinct species of peculiar coloration. From T. fumifrons it differs by lack- ing the two pale yellow wing bands, warm buff throat and chest, and buffy yellow (instead of clear lemon yellow) edge of wing and under wing-coverts. Besides, the bill is narrower and apically more attenuated, thus forming the passage to Euscarth- 306 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. (?) Euscarthmus gularis (not Muscicapa gularis TEMMINCK) FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 341 — Garanhuns, Pernambuco. Range: Northeastern Brazil, in State of Ceard (Serra de Ibia- paba). ^Todirostrum sylvia schistaceiceps Sdater*. SLATY-HEADED TODY- TYRANT. Todirostrum schistaceiceps SCLATER, Ibis, i, p. 444, 1859 — Oaxaca, Mexico; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 208, pi. 18, fig. 2, 1862 — Oaxaca; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 74, 1888 — part, spec, a-i, Oaxaca, Choctum and Vera Paz (Guate- mala), Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 13, 1888 — part, Central American references; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 20, 1900 — Loma del Leon, Panama; THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 217, 1906 — Savanna of Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 367, 1907 — part, excl. South American references and localities; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 300, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 731, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits); STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 264 — Pedro Miguel and Gatun, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Balboa. Todirostrum sylvia schistaceiceps HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, footnote 3, 1912 (crit.). Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, and Tabasco), southward through Guatemala, British Honduras, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica to Panama (Canal Zone). 7: Guatemala (unspecified i); Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nica- ragua 2, San Geronimo, Chinandega i); Costa Rica (El General i, Buenos Aires 2) . Todirostrum sylvia superciliare Lawrence*. LAWRENCE'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum superciliaris LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 10, p. 9, 1871 — • "Venezuela?" =Carthagena, Colombia. Todirostrum schistaceiceps (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 74, 1888 — part, spec, j-m, Bogota; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 135, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 150, 1900 — Bonda, Santa Marta region. Todirostrum schistaceiceps superciliare CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 438, 1914 — Los Cisneros, La Manuelita, Rio Frio, Puerto Berrio, Honda, Chicoral, Villavicencio, Colombia. • Todirostrum sylvia schistaceiceps SCLATER may be distinguished from the South American races by having the sides, flanks, and under tail-coverts much more strongly tinged with greenish yellow. b Todirostrum sylvia superciliare LAWRENCE: Similar to T. s. schistaceiceps, but paler, more whitish below, with less grayish suffusion on throat and chest, and the greenish yellow tinge of the flanks paler as well as more restricted. Material examined. — Bonda 3, Bogota 4. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 307 Todiroslrum sylvia superciliare TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 381, 1922 — Bonda, Fundaci6n, Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Tucurinca, and Valencia, Santa Marta region. Range: Tropical Zone of Colombia (Carthagena; Santa Marta district; Los Cisneros ( = Juntas), Rio Dagua; Cauca and Magdalena valleys; Villavicencio ; "Bogota"). *Todirostrum sylvia griseolum Todd*. GRAYISH TODY-TYRANT. Todiroslrum schistaceiceps griseolum TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 170, 1913 — El Hacha, Bolivar Railroad, Lara, northwestern Venezuela. Todirostrum schistaceiceps (not of SCLATER) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9» P- 37. !9O2 — Maipures, Caicara, El Traile, Orinoco River, and Suapure, Caura (spec, examined); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 221, 1916 — Orinoco Valley, from Caicara upward. Range: Northern Venezuela, in states of Zulia (Encontrados, Rio Catatumbo), Lara (El Hacha, Bolivar Railroad), Carabobo (Puerto Cabello), and Aragua (Maracay), south to the Orinoco and its tribu- tary, the Caura. 6: Venezuela (Encontrados, Zulia i, Orope, Zulia i; Maracay, Aragua 4). ^Todirostrum sylvia sylvia (Desmarest)b. DESMAREST'S TODY-TYRANT. Todus sylvia DESMAREST, Hist. Nat. Tang., Manak. et Todiers, livr. 10, pi. 71, 1806 — locality unknown, probably French Guiana (type in Paris Museum examined). Todirostrum beckeri CORY, Auk, 37, p. 108, 1920 — base of Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco, Brazil. a Todirostrum sylvia griseolum TODD: Very close to T. s. superciliare, but gray of chest deeper and more extensive, encroaching on the throat in form of slight stria- tions, and yellowish green of flanks slightly duller. The differences, though not very pronounced, are quite noticeable when series are compared. On the other hand, the distinctness of this race from typical T. s. sylvia is rather questionable. Material examined. — Encontrados, Zulia 2; Puerto Cabello, Carabobo 2; Mara- cay, Aragua 4; Caicara, Orinoco 5; Suapure, Caura i. b Todirostrum sylvia sylvia (DESMAREST) : Very close to T. s. griseolum, but gray cap more restricted, not reaching beyond hind-crown; orbital ring and supraloral streak buff instead of white; under parts whiter, only the chest being flammulated with pale gray. Wing (unsexed type) 44, (male, Rio Branco) 45, (female, Annai) 46; tail 32-33; bill 12-13. While the types of both T. sylvia and T. beckeri have the orbital ring and supra- loral streak decidedly buffy, this is less conspicuous in the Annai specimen. The Rio Branco bird differs from the two others by olive ocher (instead of bright olive yellow) wing-bands. Additional material is required to determine if this form is really separable from griseolum. Material examined. — Brazil: near Boavista, Rio Branco i. British Guiana: Annai ( 9 ad., March 10, 1891. H. Whitely, jr., Coll. Boucard, in Paris Museum). French Guiana (?) i. 308 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Todirostrum sylvia sylvia HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, footnote 3, 1912 — Annai, Brit. Guiana (crit.). Range: French and British Guiana (Annai), and adjacent districts of northern Brazil (near Boavista, upper Rio Brarico). i : Brazil (base of Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco i). *Todirostrum sylvia schulzi Berlepsch*. SCHULZ'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum schulzi BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 355, 1907 — Ourem, Rio Guama (type in Berlepsch Collection examined); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 400, 1914 — Santa Isabel and Sao Antonio do Prata, Para. Todirostrum schistaceiceps schulzi REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 72, 1910; I.e., p. 157, 1925 — Riacho da Raiz, below Uniao, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy (spec, examined). Todirostrum sylvia schulzi HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Ourem (crit.). Range : Northeastern Brazil, from Para east to the Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy. 5: Brazil, Maranhao (Rosario, Primavera 2, Sao Luiz i, Sao Bento 2). Todirostrum hypospodium Berkpschb. BERLEPSCH'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum hypospodium BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 354, 1907 — Bogota (type in Berlepsch Collection examined). Range: Colombia (native Bogota-collections). Todirostrum senex (Pelzeln)0. PLUMBEOUS-CROWNED TODY-TYRANT. a Todirostrum sylvia schulzi BERLEPSCH: Differs from all the other races by much darker (deep neutral gray instead of neutral gray) pileum and sides of head; de- cidedly duller, less yellowish green (between serpentine and olive green instead of warbler green) back; narrower and paler yellow wing-bands; much darker and more extensively gray under parts, with distinct dark gray streaks on the throat, and by lacking the yellowish green color on the sides, only the innermost flanks being faintly shaded with dull greenish. Wing (male) 47-49; tail 33-35; bill 12-13. Material examined. — Para: Ourem, Rio Guama (the type) i. Maranhao (as specified above) 5. Piauhy: Riacho da Raiz, Rio Parnahyba i. b Todirostrum hypospodium BERLEPSCH : Similar in form to T. s. superciliare, but pileum much darker, almost blackish; back darker green; apical edges to upper wing- coverts more greenish yellow; under parts nearly uniform dark gray (about the same shade as in T. s. schulzi}, with hardly any white in the middle of the abdomen; under wing-coverts olivaceous instead of yellow. Wing (the type) 51; tail 35; bill 12. I am not sure that the type, an unsexed Bogota skin, is anything more than an individual variant of 7". s. superciliare. c Todriostrum senex (PELZELN) : A very distinct species, perhaps more nearly related to T. sylvia than to any other, but bill much shorter; slate gray cap restricted to forehead and anterior crown and spotted with black; back much darker (less yellowish) green; wing-markings much paler, yellowish white; sides of head light 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 309 Euscarthmus senex PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 173, 1868 — Borba, Rio Madeira (type in Vienna Museum examined). Todirostrum senex HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 289, 1910 — Borba (crit.). Range: Northern Brazil (Borba, Rio Madeira). Todirostrum capitale Sclater*. SCLATER'S TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum capitale SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 25, p. 83, pi. 125, fig. 2, 1857 — Rio Napo (type now in British Museum ex Jardine Collection examined; = female); idem, I.e., 26, p. 70, 1858 — Rio Napo; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 208, 1862 — Rio Napo; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 75, 1888 — Rio Napo, Sarayacu; HELLMAYR, Bull. B. O. C., 21, p. 28, 1907— eastern Ecuador (crit.). Todirostrum picatum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 70, 1858 — Rio Napo (type in British Museum examined; = male); idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 208, 1862 — Rio Napo; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 74, 1888 — Rio Napo, Sara- yacu. Range : Eastern Ecuador. Genus CERATOTRICCUS Cabanisb. Ceratotriccus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 87, 1874 — type by orig. desig. Todiros- trum furcatum LAFRESNAYE. Ceratotriccus furcatus (Lafresnaye) . FORK-TAILED PYGMY TYRANT. Todirostrum furcatum LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 362, 1846 — Brazil. Euscarthmus apicalis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 47, pi. 9, fig. i — Brazil = Rio de Janeiro (type in Paris Museum examined). Euscarthmus furcatus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — Mattodentro, Sao Paulo (spec, examined). Ceratotriccus furcatus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 87, 1874 — Cantagallo, Rio; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 85, 1888 — Brazil; IHERING, Rev. Mus., Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 269, 1907 — Ubatuba, Sao Paulo (spec, examined). pinkish cinnamon (instead of slate gray) ; throat white, narrowly streaked with pale brown; foreneck also white, obeoletely flammulated with pale brownish, etc. Wing (adult male) 48; tail 34; bill 12. In shape of bill, this peculiar species of which the type appears to be unique, comes close to T. capitale, but differs widely in coloration. a This species is remarkable for its sexual dimorphism, the upper parts and sides of chest being black in the male (T. picatum), while the female (T. capitale) has the crown rufous, the back olive green, and the patch on sides of chest dark gray (see Bull. B. O. C., 21, p. 28, 1907). Material examined. — Ecuador: Rio Napo 8, Sarayacu 4. b This genus, though nearly related to Euscarthmornis, is immediately dis- tinguished by the peculiar tail in which the three lateral rectrices are rather widened subapically, while the inner ones are distinctly shortened so as to produce a slight furca. 310 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, in states of Rio de Janeiro (Cantagallo, Novo Friburgo) and Sao Paulo (Mattodentro, Ubatuba)8. Genus ONCOSTOMA Sclater. Oncostoma SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 208, 1862 — type by monotypy Todirostrum cinereigulare SCLATER. *Oncostoma cinereigulare cinereigulare (Sclater). BENT-BILLED TY- RANT. Todirostrum cinereigulare SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, "1856", p. 295, Jan. 1857 Cordova, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Oncostoma cinereigulare SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 208, pi. 18, fig. i, 1862 — Oaxaca, Mexico; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 77, 1888 — southern Mexico to Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., 2, p. 14, 1888 — Mexico to Chiriqui; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 358, 1907 — southern Mexico to Panama (full bibliog., monog.); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Sen, i, p. 102, 1907 — near Patulul, Guatemala; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 300, 1907 — Boruca and Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 733, 1910 — Caribbean and Pacific low- lands of Costa Rica (nest descr.). Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Yucatan, and Chiapas) through Guatemala, British Honduras, Hon- duras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica to western Panama (Chiriqui) b. 9: Mexico (Santa Efigenia, Tehuantepec i); Guatemala (near Patulul, Solola i); Nicaragua (San Geronimo, Chinandega i); Costa Rica (Pozo Azul i , El General i , Boruca i , Buenos Aires 2) ; Panama (Bogaba, Chiriqui i). Oncostoma cinereigulare olivaceum (Lawrence)0. LAWRENCE'S BENT- BILLED TYRANT. Todirostrum olivaceum LAWRENCE, Ibis, 4, p. 12, 1862 — Lion Hill, Panama Rail- road. • Material examined. — Brazil: Rio de Janeiro 2, Novo Friburgo i, Mattodentro i, Ubatuba i, unspecified i. b Ridgway's extension of the range to " Lion Hill and Panama" appears to be due to a pen slip, the northern race having never been recorded from any locality east of Chiriqui. 0 Oncostoma cinereigulare olivaceum (LAWRENCE) : Differs from 0. c. cinereigulare by lacking the slate gray edges to the crown feathers and by the throat and chest being pale olive yellow, obsoletely streaked with grayish (instead of uniform pale gray;) bill much larger. Specimens from Colombia appear to be identical with others from Panama. Material examined. — Panama: Lion Hill 2. Colombia: Bucaramanga i, Ara- cataca (Hungarian National Museum, Budapest) 2, Bogotd 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 311 Oncostoma olivacea LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 473, 1862 — Lion Hill; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 20, 1900 — Loma del Leon, Panama. Oncostoma olivaceum SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 358 — Lion Hill; BERLEPSCH, Ibis, 1886, p. 57 — Bucaramanga, Colombia (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 77, 1888 — Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 15, 1888 — Lion Hill, Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 360, 1907 — Panama and Colombia; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 484, 1907 — Bogota; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 264 — Gatun, Panama; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 216, 1922 — Rio Esnape and Jesusito, Darien; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 384, 1922 — Don Diego, Santa Marta district; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Valley of the Rio Velazquez, Panama. Range: Eastern Panama (Panama Railroad; Darien) and northern Colombia (Don Diego and Aracataca, Santa Marta district; Bogota; Bucaramanga, Prov. Santander). Genus EUSCARTHMORNIS Oberholser. Euscarthmornis OBERHOLSER, Auk, 40, p. 327, 1923 — type by orig. desig. Eus- carthmus nidipendulus WIED. Euscarthmornis nidipendulus nidipendulus (Wied). HANG-NEST TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus nidipendulus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 950, 1831 — Rio Mucuri and interior of Bahia, Prov. Bahia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 78, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Bahia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 229, 1889 — note on Wied's types; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 267, 1907 — range part, Bahia. Range: Eastern Brazil (State of Bahia)". Euscarthmornis nidipendulus paulistus (Hellmayr)b. SAN PAULO TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus nidipendulus paulistus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 170, 1914 — Ypanema, S&o Paulo. Euscarthmus nidipendulus (not of WIED) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — Ypanema (spec, examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 183, 1899 — Ypiranga and Santo Amaro; idem, I.e., 4, p. 227, 1900 (nest descr.); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 267, 1907 — Ypiranga, Jaboticabal, Iguape", Itatiba, Barretos, and Ubatuba. Range: Southeastern Brazil (in State of Sao Paulo). • Nine specimens from Bahia examined. b Euscarthmornis nidipendulus paulistus (HELLMAYR) : Similar in coloration to the typical race, but larger, particularly the tail much longer. Wing 45-48 (against 42-44); tail 36-39 (against 30-32). Material examined. — Sao Paulo: Ypanema 7, Ypiranga i, Victoria 3, Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema i. 3i2 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Euscarthmornis spodiops (Berlepsch}*. GRAY-FACED TODY-TYRANT. Etiscarthmus spodiops BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 49, p. 87, 1901 — Songo, Yungas of La Paz, Bolivia (type examined). Range: Western Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz). *Euscarthmornis orbitatus (Wied)b. OLIVACEOUS TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus orbitatus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 958, 1831 — southeastern Brazil; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Sapitiba, and Ypanema; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 79, 1888 — Ypanema; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 229, 1889 — note on Wied's types; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo, Rio; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., I, p. 267, 1907 — Alto da Serra, Ypiranga, Jundiahy, Campinas, Jaboticabal, Rio Feio, Bauru, Itapura, and Ubatuba (Sao Paulo), and Espirito Santo. Todirostrum palpebrosttm LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 362, 1846 — "Colombie?" Euscarthmus limbatus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 51, 1859 — Brazil (type examined); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo, Rio. Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil (in states of Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and Sao Paulo). i : Brazil (Fazenda Cayoa, Rio Grande do Rio Paranapanema, Sao Paulo i). ^Euscarthmornis striaticollis striaticollis ( Lafresnaye) . STRIPED-NE CKED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum striaticotte LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Mag. Zool., (2) 5, p. 58, 1853 — Bahia. Triccus orbitatus (not of WIED) BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 497, 1856 — Bahia. Euscarthmus striaticollis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 1868 — Rio Araguay, Villa Maria [ = San Luis de Caceres], [Villa Bella de] Matto Grosso (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 83, 1888 — Villa Maria and * Euscarthmornis spodiops (BERLEPSCH): Allied to E. nidipendulus with which it agrees in absence of wing-bands and coloration of abdomen, but upper parts and sides of head much darker, more tawny green ; supraloral streak buff instead of yellowish ; ground color of throat and chest dingy grayish brown instead of white; wing rather longer; bill slightly wider. Wing (unsexed adult) 51^; tail 37; bill io>^. This bird of which the type appears to be the only known specimen is evidently a good species. Its crown-feathers are much less elongated than in either nidipendulus or striaticollis, but bill and tarsi are colored as in the former. b Euscarthmornis orbitatus (WIED) may be immediately recognized from E. nidipendulus paulistus by larger size, flesh-color tarsi, pale brown bill with whjtish mandible, and quite different coloration; the wide whitish orbital ring, the dusky anteocular spot, and the yellowish under parts, faintly flammulated with buffy on the chest being its most conspicuous features. Wing 50-55 ; tail 45-50. Material examined. — Rio de Janeiro : Sapitiba i, Rio 2. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 3, Alto da Serra i, Jundiahy i, Victoria 6, Sao Sebastiao 4, Fazenda Cayoa, Rio Parana- panema 8. "Brazil" (type of E. limbatus) i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. Bahia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 333, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 269, 1907 — Bahia; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 42, 1908 — Rio Araguaya, Goyaz; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 158, 1925 — Bahia and Piauhy. Euscarthmus striaticottis striaticollis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 290, 1910 — part, Bahia, Goyaz, and Matto Grosso. Euscarthmus stricticollis REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 7-2, 1910 — Lagoa da Estrema, Rio Grande, and Porto da Pedra, Rio Preto, (Bahia), Parnagua, below Nova York and above Pintados, Rio Parnahyba (Piauhy). Range: Eastern and central Brazil, in states of Maranhao, Piauhy, Bahia, Goyaz, and Matto Grosso». 18: Brazil, Bahia (Sao Amaro i, Sao Marcello, Rio Preto i); Maranhao (Rosario 4, Sao Bento 7, Barra do Corda 2, Cod6, Cocos i, Alto Parnahyba i); Goyaz (Philadelphia i). Euscarthmornis striaticollis griseiceps (Todd)b. TODD'S STRIPED- NECKED TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus striaticollis griseiceps TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 93, 1925 — Santarem, Rio Tapaj6z (type examined). Euscarthmus striaticollis (not of LAFRESNAYE) RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Santarem; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 403, 1914 — Cussary and Rio Tapajoz (Santarem, Baiao). Euscarthmus striaticollis striaticollis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 289, 290, 1910 — part, Sao Isabel, Rio Preto, and Santarem. Range: Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Tapaj6z to the Rio Madeira (Sao Isabel, Rio Preto). Euscarthmornis striaticollis iohannis (Snethlage)". JOHANNES'S TODY- TYRANT. a Specimens from Goyaz and Matto Grosso have the crown light brownish olive like those from eastern Brazil, but sometimes approach griseiceps by their duller, less yellowish green back. Material examined. — Bahia: Sao Amaro i, Sao Marcello, Rio Preto i, trade skins 9. Maranhao (as specified above) 15. Goyaz: Rio Araguaya 2, Philadelphia i. Matto Grosso: Villa Bella i, San Luis de Caceres i. b Euscarthmornis striaticollis griseiceps (Tooo) : Similar to the typical race, but pileum decidedly grayish (somewhat grayer than "hair brown") instead of light brownish olive; back duller, less yellowish green; yellow of under parts on average paler, with less greenish suffusion on chest. Wing (male) 49-52, (female) 46-49; tail 40-43, (female) 35-38. The specimens from the Rio Madeira (Sao Isabel), on recent reexamination, were found to agree in every particular with skins from Santarem. Material examined. — Santarem 7, "lower Amazon" i, Sao Isabel, Rio Preto, Rio Madeira 2. 8 Euscarthmornis striaticollis iohannis (SNETHLAGE) : Readily distinguished from E. s. griseiceps by the pileum being green, but slightly darker than the back; dis- 314 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Euscarthmus iohannis SNETHLAGE, Orn. Monatsber., 15, p. 193, 1907 — Monte Verde, Rio Punis (type examined); idem, Bol. Mus. Goedli, 8, p. 402, 1914 — Monte Verde. Euscarthmus zosterops (not of PELZELN) SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Monte Verde, Rio Punis. Euscarthmus striaticollis iohannis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 290, 1910 — Rio Punis (crit.). Range: Western Brazil, in State of Amazonas from the Rio Punis north to the Rio Solimoes (Sao Paulo de Olivenga). ^Euscarthmornis striaticollis amazonicus (Hellmayr)*. CASTELNAU'S TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus striaticollis amazonicus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 168, 1914 — Pebas, Peru (type in Paris Museum). Euscarthmus zosterops (not of PELZELN) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 138 — Moyobamba. Range: Northern Peru, in Dept. Loreto (Pebas, Moyobamba). 3: Peru (Moyobamba 3). Euscarthmornis striaticollis zosterops (Pelzeln)b. WHITE-EYED TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus zosterops PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 173, 1868 — part, Marabi- tanas (type) and San Carlos, upper Rio Negro (spec, in Vienna Museum tinctly more yellowish margins to the greater wing-coverts; much smaller and obsolete, dingy yellowish or buffish (instead of white) loral spot; dull olivaceous (instead of hair brown) sides of the head; paler yellow under parts, with the dusky streaking much less conspicuous; throat strongly tinged with yellowish instead of pure white; chest more olivaceous. Wing (male) 51-55, (female) 48-49; tail 39-43, (female) 37; bill 12. Material examined. — Rio Punis: Monte Verde (the type) i, Hyutanahan 3; Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Rio Solimoes 2. a Euscarthmornis striaticollis amazonicus (HELLMAYR) : Nearest to E. s. striaticol- lis, but much more deeply colored above, the crown being dark brownish olive (instead of light brownish olive) and the back much darker and less yellowish green. Wing (male) 52-54, (female) 51; tail 40-44; bill 12. Comparison of fresh material shows this form, originally based on three old skins in the Paris Museum, to be very different from E. s. johannis. In fact, it exhibits a decided reversion to the characters of the East Brazilian striaticollis which it re- sembles in wing markings and coloration of under parts. The lack of the dusky cap in the typical examples is probably due to fading. Material examined. — Peru: Pebas 3, Moyobamba 3. b Euscarthmornis striaticollis zosterops (PELZELN) : This is the palest among the races of this group, differing from E. s. iohannis by much duller green upper parts with an ashy tinge on the forehead; two conspicuous pale yellow wing-bands, formed by the tips to the median and greater wing-coverts; very pale (primrose yellow) under parts, passing into whitish on chin, faintly streaked with pale grayish on throat and chest. Wing (three males) 50-52; tail 48; bill 12. Material examined. — Brazil: Marabitanas (the type) i. Venezuela: San Carlos i. Ecuador: Rio Santiago i. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 315 examined); SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 5, 1899 — Rio Santiago, Ecuador (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 168, 1914 (crit.). Euscarthmus striaticollis zosterops HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 290, 1910 — Rio Negro and eastern Ecuador (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 440, 1917 — Florencia, Colombia. Range: Northwestern Brazil (Marabitanas, Rio Negro) and ad- joining portion of southern Venezuela (below San Carlos, Rio Guainia) ; eastern Ecuador (Rio Santiago) ; southeastern Colombia (Florencia, Rio Caqueta). Euscarthmornis griseipectus (Snethlage)*. WHITE-BELLIED TODY-TY- RANT. Euscarthmus griseipectus SNETHLAGE, Ornith. Monatsber., 15, p. 194, 1907 — Alcobaga, Rio Tocantins (type examined); idem, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 525, 1908 — Alcobaca; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 402, 1914 — Alcobaca and Cam- eta. Euscarthmus leucogaster HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 169, 1914 — Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya, Dept. Puno, Peru; idem, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 49, 1920 — Yahuarmayo; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Rio Comberciato, Urubamba region, Peru. Range: Southeastern Peru, in depts. of Cuzco (Rio Comberciato, Urubamba region) and Puno (Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya); and northern Brazil, in State of Para (Rio Tocantins). Euscarthmornis nattereri ( Hellmayr) b. NATTERER'S TODY-TYRANT. a Euscarthmornis griseipectus (SNETHLAGE) : Nearly related to E. s. zosterops, but differs principally by lacking the whitish orbital ring; by more heavily streaked throat; pale ashy gray foreneck and chest, flammulated with whitish; pure white (instead of primrose yellow) belly, faintly tinged with light greenish on the inner flanks only, etc. Wing (male) 52-55, (female) 47; tail 48-50, (female) 41; bill 12. On direct comparison, the types of E. griseipectus and E. leucogaster prove to be identical in spite of their widely separated ranges. The Brazilian bird is slightly larger (wing 55, against 52; tail 50, against 48) and a trifle brighter green above, but the variation is insignificant. Material examined. — Brazil : Alcobaga, Rio Tocantins (male) i . Peru : Yahuar- mayo (male and female) 2. b Euscarthmornis nattereri (HELLMAYR): In form nearly agreeing with E. p. plumbeiceps, but crown brownish instead of plumbeous; rufous on sides of head much paler (cinnamon buff) and restricted to loral and orbital region; lesser upper wing- coverts yellow ocher instead of greenish like the back; throat whitish, not rufous, etc. Wing 46-51 ; tail 35-41. In coloration, this species is almost an exact duplicate of Tpdirostrum latirostre (PELZELN) and merely differs by somewhat paler, more brownish pileum, brighter rufescent loral region and orbital ring, more yellowish back, and by the chest lacking the grayish tinge and being washed with yellowish like the flanks. The bill, however, is very differently shaped, being much narrower with more elevated as well as more convex culmen, and places the species in the genus Euscarthmornis. Material examined. — Rio Parand, Sao Paulo (the type) i. Matto Grosso: Cuyaba i, Engenho do Gama i. 316 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Euscarthmus nattereri HELLMAYR, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 53, p. 204, 1903 — Rio Parana, northern SSo Paulo; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 268, 1907 — Sao Paulo and Matto Grosso. Euscarthmus fumifrons (not Todirostrum fumifrons HARTLAUB) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 1868 — Rio Parana (Sao Paulo), Cuyaba and Engenho do Gama (Matto Grosso); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 184, 1899 (ex Pelzeln). Range : Interior of Brazil, in states of Sao Paulo (Rio Parana) and Matto Grosso (Cuyabd, Engenho do Gama). ^Euscarthmornis plumbeiceps plumbeiceps (Lafresnaye). LEAD- CROWNED TODY-TYRANT. Muscicapa gularis (not of STEPHENS 1817") TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 28, pi. 167, fig. i, 1822 — "Bresil," coll. Natterer; = Prov. Sao Paulo. Todirostrum plumbeiceps LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 361, 1846 — based on Azara, No. 169, Paraguay, and Muscicapa gularis TEMMINCK. Todirostrum rufilatum HARTLAUB, Journ. Orn., 3, p. 98, 1855 — Brazil. Euscarthmus gularis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — Taipa and Ypanema, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 292, 1874 — Novo Fri- burgo, Rio; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 605 — part, Santo Tomd, Corri- entes; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 129, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 136, 1888 — part, Corrientes and Misiones; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 81, 1888 — part, spec, a-h, Pelotas, Brazil; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 125, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 184, 1899 — Ypiranga, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Novo Friburgo; idem, I.e., p. 228, 1900 (nest and egg descr.); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 268, 1907 — Ypiranga, Alto da Serra, Jundiahy, and Itarar6, Sao Paulo; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 578 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 325, 1910 — Corrientes; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Alto Parana; DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 339, 1914 — Bonpland, Misiones (spec, examined). Euscarthmus gularis gularis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 26, 1925 (range). Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil (from Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro to Rio Grande do Sul) and adjacent districts of Paraguay and Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes) b. 4: Argentina, Misiones (Puerto Segundo 2, Eldorado i, unspecified i). Euscarthmornis plumbeiceps viridiceps (Salvadori)e. SALVADORI'S TODY-TYRANT. • Muscicapa gularis STEPHENS in Shaw, Gen. Zool., 10 (2), p. 392, 1817. b Specimens from Paraguay, Misiones, and Brazil agree well together. Material examined. — Paraguay: Sapucay 3. Argentina: Misiones 5. Brazil: Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul 3; Desterro, Santa Catharina i; Sao Paulo, Taipa i, Ypanema 2, Victoria 3; Novo Friburgo, Rio i; Engenheiro Reeve, Espirito Santo i. e Euscarthmornis plumbeiceps viridiceps (SALVADORI) : Exceedingly close to, but distinguishable from, typical plumbeiceps by deeper rufous sides of head, broader 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 317 Euscarthmus viridiceps SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 12, 1897 — San Lorenzo, Jujuy (type examined ;=juv.); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 325, 1910 — Oran and San Lorenzo. Todirostrum gulare (not of TEMMINCK) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 46, 1837 — part, Yungas; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. meYid., Ois.,p. 315, 1839 — part, descr. "male" from Circuata, Prov. Yungas (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Euscarthmus gularis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 612 — Simacu, Bolivia; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 605 — part, Oran, Salta; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., I, p. 136, 1888 — part, Oran; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 81, 1888 — part, spec, i, j, Simacu, Bolivia. Euscarthmus gularis viridiceps HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 195, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 25, 1925 — Yungas, Chulumani, Coroico (Bolivia), Jujuy (crit., range). Range: Subtropical Zone of northwestern Argentina (Prov. Jujuy and Dept. Oran) and Bolivia (Yungas). Euscarthmornis russatus (Salvin and Godman)*. RUDDY TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus russatus SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (5) 2, p. 445, 1884 — Roraima, Brit. Guiana; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 292 — Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 82, pi. 9, fig. i, 1888 — Roraima; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 158, 1921 — Roraima. Range: British Guiana (Roraima Mts.). Euscarthmornis rufigularis (Cabanis)*. RUFOUS-THROATED TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus rufigularis CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 67, 1873 — Monterico, Dept. Ayacucho, Peru (types in Warsaw Museum examined); TACZANOWSKI, wing-bands, more grayish chest, and slightly more yellowish flanks, while the dusky auricular spot is smaller or even absent. Wing 42-45; tail 34-39. The type is an immature bird with dull greenish crown. Material examined. — Argentina, Prov. Jujuy: San Lorenzo (the type) i, Le- desma 5. Bolivia: Circuata 2, Chulumani i, Coroico i, Songo i. • Euscarthmornis russatus (SALVIN and GODMAN) : Nearly allied to, and in wing- markings agreeing with E. plumbeiceps, but crown much darker, blackish plumbeous, and rufous on forehead, sides of head, etc. much deeper and carried down to the chest. Wing (three males) 49-5 \%, (one female) 50; tail 34-37. This strongly marked form is probably conspecific with E. plumbeiceps. Material examined. — Roraima 4. b Euscarthmornis rufigularis (CABANIS) : Nearest to E. plumbeiceps, but much larger in all proportions; mandible whitish instead of black; crown dingy grayish brown; back much duller green; no trace of yellow ocher wing-bands, the wing- coverts being edged with the color of the back; lores buffy white; orbital ring, throat, and foreneck only cinnamon-buff (about the same shade as in Atalotriccus pilaris, hence considerably paler than in E. plumbeiceps) ; cheeks and auriculars dull smoke brown, etc. Wing (male) 56}^, (female) 51; tail 54, (female) 45; bill 12^-13. The (two) types from Monterico are the only specimens I have seen of this well- marked species. 318 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 534 — Monterico; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 231, 1884 — Monterico; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 82, 1888 (ex Cabanis). Range: Central Peru, in Dept. Ayacucho (Monterico, east of Huanta). *Euscarthmornis granadensis granadensis (Hartlaub)*. BLACK- THROATED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum granadense HARTLAUB, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 289, 1843 — "Nouvelle Grenade" = Bogota; STRICKLAND, Contrib. Ornith., 1852, p. 41, pi. 85, fig. i — Bogotd; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 25, p. 84, 1857 — Bogota. Todirhamphus pectoralis KAUP, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, "1851," p. 52, Oct. 1852 — Mexico (?), errore, = Bogota. Todirostrum grenadense SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 148, 1855 — Bogota. Euscarthmus granadensis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 512 — Retiro, Envigado, and Santa Elena, Antioquia; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 299, 1884 — Bucaramanga; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 82, 1888 — Bogotd, Antioquia, Santa Elena, Medellin; SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 5, 1899 — Pun, Ecuador; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 96, 1899 — La Concepcion, Santa Marta Mts.; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 150, 1900 — El Libano; CHAPMAN, I.e., 36, p. 440, 1917 — Salencio, west of Popayan, Cocal, Almaguer, Laguneta, and Santa Elena, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 384, 1922 — El Libano, Las Taguas, San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, San Miguel, and Heights of Chirua, Santa Marta district. Range: Subtropical and lower Temperate Zone of Colombia and northeastern Ecuador (Pun). 4: Colombia (Cocal, west of Popayan i, Bogotd 2, Paramo de Tama i). Euscarthmornis granadensis pyrrhops (Cabanis)*. RED-FACED TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus pyrrhops CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 98, 1874 — central Peru, locality not specified (the original examples are from Maraynioc and Tambo- pata); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 535 — Maraynioc, Tambopata; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Tamiapampa (spec, examined); idem, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 232, 1884 — Tambopata, Tamiapampa; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 83, 1888 — Tamiapampa, San Lucas, and "Puna Island"; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 360 — Maraynioc (Culumachay) ; CHAP- MAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Idma, above Santa Ana, Urubamba region. • In style of coloration, this species presents striking analogy to Hemitriccus diops. b Euscarthmornis granadensis pyrrhops (CABANIS) : Precisely similar to E. g. granadensis except for the deep cinnamon instead of whitish or buffy anteocular spot. Wing 45-47; tail 41-42. Material examined. — Peru: Maraynioc (Culumachay) i, Tamiapampa 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 319 Euscarthmus ocularis SALVIN, Ibis (3) 6, p. 493, 1876 — "Puna Island" and San Lucas, Ecuador'. Range: Subtropical Zone of Peru (south to the Urubamba Valley, Dept. Cuzco) and adjacent section of Ecuador. *Euscarthmornis margaritaceiventer margaritaceiventer (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). PEARLY- VENTED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum margaritaceiventer LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 46, 1837 — Chiquitos, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am£r. mend., Ois., p. 316, pi. 33, fig. 3, 1839 — Santo Corazon de Chiquitos (Bolivia) and Corrientes. Fluvicola margaritacea THIENEMANN, Einhundert Taf. col. Abb. Vogeleiern, Part 7, p. 311, pi. 29, fig. i (egg), 1851 — new name for Todirostrum margaritacei- venter LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. Euscarthmus rufipes TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 273, 1844 — Peru (type in Neuchatel Museum examined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 233, 1884 (descr. of type). Euscarthmus pelzelni SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, (4) 5, p. 268, 1881 — Cuyaba, Matto Grosso (type examined ; = juv.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 80, 1888 — Cuyaba; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 333, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso. Orchilus rufipes TSCHUDI, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 165, 1846 — Peru. Triccus nidipendulus (not of WIED) BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Parana (spec, in Halle Museum examined). Triccus margaritiventris (lapsu) BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 456, 1861 — Parana; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes. Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer (m) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 101, 1868 — Rio das Pedras (Sao Paulo), Porto do Rio Araguay (Goyaz), Cuyaba, Barra do Jauni, and Cidade de Matto Grosso (spec, examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1880, P- 357 — Tucuman; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 605 — Oran, Salta; BER- LEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lambare', Paraguay; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 136, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 80, 1888 — part, spec, a, c, d, Tucuman, Maranura (Peru); STEMPEL- MANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; KERR, Ibis, 1892, p. 130 — Fortin Nueve, lower Pilcomayo; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 13, 1897 — San Francisco and Caiza, Boli- vian Chaco; idem, I.e., 15, No. 378, p. 6, 1900 — Urucum and Corumba, Matto Grosso; KERR, Ibis, 1901, p. 225 — Paraguayan Chaco; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 139, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Tucuman; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, ii, p. 255, 1904 — Oran, Salta; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — Tucuman; BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 9, 10, 1905 (crit., • The locality " Puna Island" is evidently erroneous. San Lucas is supposed to be in the Prov. of Loja, though its exact location and altitude are unknown. 320 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. range, variation); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 388, 1905 — Avanhandava, Sao Paulo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 268, 1907 — Avanhandava and Bauni, Sao Paulo (spec, examined) ; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 578 — Sapucay; GRANT, I.e., 1911, p. 115 — Puerto Pinasco, Puerto Maria, Villa Franca and Cabo Emma (Paraguay), Pan de Azucar (Matto Grosso); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Mondaih, Paraguay. Euscarthmus wuchereri (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1873) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 16 — Maranura, Urubamba Valley, Peru; TACZANOWS- KI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 233, 1884 — Maranura. Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer (subsp.?) BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 360 — La Merced, Chanchamayo (spec, examined). Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer margaritaceiventer HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 42, 1908 — Rio Thesouras, Goyaz; HARTERT and VENTURI, I.e., 16, p. 195, 1909 — San Vicente, Ocampo, and Mocovi (Santa Fe"), and Tucuman; DAB- BENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 325, 1910 — Cordoba, Tucuman, Moco- vi, Ocampo, Oran (Salta); MENEGAUX, Rev. Prang. d'Orn., 9, p. 57, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 26, 1925 — Chiquitos (note on type). Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer rufipes CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru. Range: Northern Argentina (from Cordoba, Santa Fe, and En- trerios northward) ; Paraguay ; southwestern Brazil (in State of Matto Grosso, east to Goyaz, south to the Parana-Tiete" region in northern Sao Paulo); eastern Bolivia; southern Peru (Urubamba Valley, Dept. Cuzco; Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin)a. 20: Argentina (Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe" i; Concepcion, Prov. Tucumari u; Ledesma, Prov. Jujuy i); Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 2) ; Brazil, Matto Grosso (Urucum de Corumba 3, Pira- putanga i); Peru (San Ramon, Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin i). *Euscarthmomis margaritaceiventer wuchereri (Sclater and Salvin)*. WUCHERER'S TODY-TYRANT. a Birds from Brazil and Argentina are identical with a topotypical series from Bolivia. E. pelzelni was based on an immature specimen with brownish crown. Five specimens from Peru have the back somewhat brighter green and the abdomen tinged with yellowish, and if separable, would have to stand as E, m. rufipes. Material examined. — Peru: Maranura i, San Ramon i, La Merced 2, unspecified (type of E. rufipes) i. Bolivia: Chiquitos (the type) i, Buenavista 2, Samaipata 2, Omeja i, Caiza i. Argentina: Tucuman 3, Ledesma, Jujuy i, Ocampo, Santa Fe" 3, Parana i, Corrientes 2. Paraguay: Sapucay i. Brazil, Matto Grosso: Barra do Jauni i, Cuyaba (including type of E. pelzelni) 5, Urucum 3, Piraputanga i; Sao Paulo, Rio das Pedras 3, Sao Jeronymo, Avanhandava, Rio Tiet6 i ; Rio Thesouras, Goyaz 3. b Euscarthmornis margaritaceiventer wuchereri (SCLATER and SALVIN): Very simi- lar to E. m. margaritaceiventer, but back much less greenish; throat more distinctly streaked; flanks without any yellowish tinge. Material examined. — Bahia (including the type) 3; Ceara 3; Piauhy 6; Maran- hao 7. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 321 Euscarthmus wuchereri SCLATER and SALVIN, Nomencl. Av. Neotrop., p. 158, 1873 — Bahia (type examined). Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 80, 1888 — part, spec, b, Bahia. Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer wuchereri BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. n, 1905 — Bahia (crit.); REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 157, 1925 (range). Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer wucheri (sic) REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 72, 1910 — Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Pao de Canoa, Rio Preto (Bahia), Parnagua and below Nova York, Rio Parna- hyba (Piauhy). Euscarthmus impiger cearae CORY, Auk, 37, p. 109, 1920 — Jua, near Iguatu, Ceard. Range: Northeastern Brazil, in states of Bahia, Pernambuco, Ceard, Piauhy, and Maranhao. 16: Brazil, Ceard (Ju&, near Iguatu 3); Piauhy (Ibiapaba 2, De- serto i, Ardra 3); Maranhao (Grajahu 2, Barra do Corda 3, Alto Parnahyba 2). *Euscarthmornis impiger (Sdater and Salviri)*. ACTIVE TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus impiger SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 171, pi. 13, fig. i — Caracas; idem, I.e., 1869, p. 252, 253 — Guacara, Lake of Valencia; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 299, 1884 — Bucaramanga; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 84, 1888 — Caracas, Bogota; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 150, 1900 — Bonda, Cacagualito; idem, I.e., 21, p. 286, 1905 — Bonda (nest and eggs descr.); CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 246, 1909 — Margarita Island. Euscarthmus impiger impiger TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 385, 1922 — Bonda, La Tigrera, Mamatoco, Santa Marta, Rio Hacha, and Fonseca. Range: Tropical littoral of northern Venezuela (from the Paria peninsula and Margarita Island west to Puerto Cabello and Lake of Valencia) and northern Colombia (La Goajira; Santa Marta region; Bucaramanga; "Bogota") b. • Probably conspecific with E. margaritaceiventer which it resembles in color pattern, reddish legs and bill. bTwo adults from the type locality (Macuto, near Caracas) are more deeply colored above than any other example we have seen, but this is not likely to be of importance since specimens from Margarita Isl. and Lake of Valencia fully agree with a series from Santa Marta and "Bogota." Material examined. — Venezuela: Margarita Isl. 4; Cariaco, Gulf of Paria, Bermudez (Jan. 31, 1896, R. de Dalmas, Tring Museum) i; Macuto, Caracas 2; Maracay, Aragua 2 ; Puerto Cabello, Carabobo 2. Colombia: Bonda 2, Mamatoco 3, Rio Hacha, La Goajira 2; Bucaramanga i; "Bogota" 8. 322 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 9: Venezuela (Margarita Isl. 4; Macuto, Caracas 2; Maracay, Aragua 2; Puerto Cabello, Carabobo i). Euscarthmornis septentrionalis (Chapman)*. MAGDALENA TODY- TYRANT. Euscarthmus septentrionalis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus.'Nat. Hist., 33, p. 176, 1914 — Honda, Magdalena Valley, Colombia (type) and Anzoategui, Lara, Venezuela (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 36, p. 440, 1917 — Honda. Range: Tropical Zone of Colombia (Honda and Maraquita, Mag- dalena Valley, State of Tolima) and western Venezuela (Anzoategui, State of Lara). Euscarthmornis inornatus (Pelzeln)b. PELZELN'S TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus inornatus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 174, 1868 — Rio Icanna, northwestern Brazil (type in Vienna Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 84, 1888 — Rio Negro district. Range : Northwestern Brazil (Rio Icanna, a tributary of the upper Rio Negro). Genus MICROCOCHLEARIUS Chubb«. Microcochlearius CHUBB, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, p. 98, 1919 — type by orig. desig. Euscarthmus josephinae CHUBB. Microcochlearius josephinae (Chubby. JOSEPHINE'S TODY-TYRANT. a Euscarthmornis septentrionalis (CHAPMAN) : Very similar to E. impiger, but back grayish olive, passing into light grayish olive on crown; bill slightly slenderer and darker, blackish rather than reddish brown. Wing (three adults) 51-53; tail 41-44; bill 12-13. I am very doubtful if this is anything more than an individual variant of E. impiger. Certain specimens from Santa Marta approach it very closely in colora- tion, and an adult male from Bonda (Carnegie Museum, No. 8942) resembles it also in blackish brown maxilla. The fact that Bogota specimens prove to be identical with topotypes of E. impiger from Caracas, and the reappearance, at Anzoategui in Venezuela, of the gray-backed form cast considerable doubt on the specific signi- ficance of the characters of E. septentrionalis. Material examined. — Colombia, Tolima: Honda 2, Maraquita i. Venezuela: Anzoategui, Lara i. b Euscarthmornis inornatus (PELZELN) : Nearly allied to E. impiger, but much smaller; bill differently shaped, more like E. striaticollis, with blackish maxilla; upper parts even more grayish than in E. septentrionalis, crown with large dusky cen- tral spots; wings blacker, the two cross-bands narrower and nearly pure white; chest and abdomen faintly flammulated with pale yellowish. Wing (one adult male, the type) 45; tail 34; bill 10. 0 Genus Microcochlearius CHUBB. Very closely allied to Euscarthmornis, but bill much wider, about two-thirds the length of the exposed culmen, and tail more strongly rounded, the outermost rectrix being five millimeters shorter than the median (longest) tail feather. In other structural characters it agrees with the members of the E. striaticollis group. d Microcochlearius josephinae (CHUBB): Nearest to, and agreeing, with Eus- carthmornis striaticollis zosterops (PELZELN) in general coloration, particularly in pale 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 323 Euscarthmus josephinae CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 33, p. 132, 1914 — Supenaam, west bank of Essequibo River, British Guiana (type in British Museum examined). Microcochlearius josephinae CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 160, pi. 4, fig. 2, 192 1 — Supenaam. Range: British Guiana (Supenaam, Essequibo River). Genus SNETHLAGEA Berlepsch». SneMagea BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 57, p. 104, 1909 — type by orig. desig. Eus- carthmus zosterops minor SNETHLAGE. Snethlagea minor (Snetklage) b. LESSER TODY-TYRANT. Euscarthmus zosterops minor SNETHLAGE, Orn. Monatsber., 15, p. 193, 1907 — part, type from Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins examined in Museu Goeldi, Para; idem, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 525, 1908 — part, male only, Arumatheua. Euscarthmus zosterops (not of PELZELN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — part, Borba (spec, taken Febr. 12, 1830, now in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 79, 1888 — Borba; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., J4i P- 355. *9°7 — part, adult males from Borba in Brit. Museum and No. 1459 in Tring Museum; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 501, 1908 — Villa Braga, Rio Tapaj6z (spec, examined). Snethlagea minor HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool, 17, p. 291, 1910 — part, spec, from Calama, Maroins, Borba (No. 1459), and Arumatheua (No. 5401) (crit.); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 401, 1914 — part, Rio Tocantins and Rio Tapaj6z. Range : Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Tocantins to the Rio Madeira (Borba, Calama), south to the Machados (Maroins). yellow abdomen, grayish forehead, grayish brown auriculars etc. ; but without trace of the pale yellow wing bands and edges to inner secondaries; whitish supraloral streak much less distinct; throat much more heavily streaked with darker gray; foreneck and chest mainly dull greenish (instead of pale primrose yellow, obsoletely flammulated with grayish) ; under tail-coverts decidedly buffy (though by no means cinnamomeous, as shown on the plate); lower mandible entirely pale (yellowish). Wing 53K; tail 46; bill 13, width at base 7^- While quite distinct specifically, I am a little doubtful about the propriety of separating this bird genetically from Euscarthmornis. Material examined. — Supenaam, British Guiana (the type) i. • Genus Snethlagea BERLEPSCH. Superficially resembling Euscarthmornis, but immediately distinguished by the peculiar shape of the nostrils which are very large, nearly circular, and quite exposed. Besides, the bill is shorter, relatively wider at the base and more abruptly attenuated terminally; the tail strongly rounded; the feathers of the pileum more lengthened, so as to form sort of a crest, recalling Lophotriccus. b Snethlagea minor (SNETHLAGE) : In coloration strikingly similar to Euscarth- mornis zosterops, but without any gray on the forehead, and yellowish edges to larger upper wing-coverts much less conspicuous. Wing 47-52; tail 38-43; bill 10-11. Material examined. — Rio Tpcantins, Arumatheua (the type) i, Cameta i; Rio Tapaj6z, Villa Braga i, Itaituba 2, Apacy 2, Boim i; Rio Madeira, Borba 2, Calama 2, Maroins, Rio Machados i. 324 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Snethlagea minima minima Todd*. DWARF TODY-TYRANT. Snethlagea minima TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 94, 1925 — Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z (type examined). Euscarthmus zoster ops minor (not of SNETHLAGE) SNETHLAGE, Orn. Monatsber., !5i P- *93» I9°7 — part, female (spec, examined); idem, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 525, 1908 — part, female, Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins. Euscarthmus zosterops (not of PELZELN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — part, Borba (spec, taken on June 23, 1830, examined in Vienna Museum); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 355, 1907 — part, No. 17740, Vienna Museum, and No. 1334, Tring Museum, Borba). Snethlagea minor (not of SNETHLAGE) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 291, 1910 — part, spec. No. 761, Allianca; No. 1334 and 17740, Borba; No. 5400, Aruma- theua; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus., Goeldi, 8, p. 401, 1914 — part, Rio Tocantins and Rio Tapaj6z. Range: Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Tocantins to the Rio Madeira (Borba, Allianca). Snethlagea minima pallens Toddb. PALE TODY-TYRANT. Snethlagea minima pallens TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 94, 1925 — Nova Olinda, Rio Purus (type examined). Range: Western Brazil, from the Punis north to Manacapuru, Rio Solimoes. • Snethlagea minima minima TODD : Similar to S. minor, but considerably smaller, tail much shorter; median and greater wing-coverts more conspicuously tipped with yellow, forming two prominent bands; under parts much brighter yellow, varying from naphthalene to barium yellow (instead of sulphur yellow, washed with oliva- ceous, and medially suffused with white); back brighter olive green. Wing 43-45; tail 31-35; bill lo-n. The female from Arumatheua (wing 43; tail 32), referred by Miss Snethlage in the original description to E. zosterops minor, one of Natterer's specimens from Borba, another unsexed example from the same place and an adult from Allianca secured by W. Hoffmanns belong likewise to this species. I had regarded them as the immature stage of 5. minor, but I now fully agree with Mr. Todd that, in spite of its close resemblance, it is specifically different from 5. minor, the range of the two species occupying practically the same area. Material examined. — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins i; Rio Tapaj6z, Itaituba 3, Villa Braga 2; Rio Madeira, Borba 2, Allianca i. b Snethlagea minima pallens TODD: Agreeing in proportions and wing markings with 5. m. minima, but under parts much paler, more whitish, and wing-bands even broader and more prominent. Wing 43-45; tail 30-33; bill 10-11. The type and a second specimen from the Purus (Hyutanahan), in coloration of lower surface, agree with S. minor while the back is of the same bright olive green as in S. m. minima. Two birds from Manacapuru are whiter beneath, only the flanks and under tail-coverts being washed with pale yellow, and differ, furthermore, by duller greenish back and by having the crown decidedly dusky (instead of green like the back). Material examined. — Rio Purus, Nova Olinda (the type) i, Hyutanahan i; Manacapuru, Rio Solimoes 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 325 Genus POECILOTRICCUS Berlepsch-. Poecilotriccus BERLEPSCH, Jotirn. Orn., 32, p. 298, 1884 — type by monotypy Todirostrum lenzi BERLEPSCH = Todirhamphus ruficeps KAUP. ^Poecilotriccus ruficeps melanomystax subsp. nov.b BLACK-WHIS- KERED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum ruficeps (not Todirhamphus ruficeps KAUP) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 148, 1855 — Bogotd; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 207, 1862 — Bogota (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 512 — Fron- tino, Antioquia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 75, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, h, i, Bogotd, Frontino, and Medellin. Poecilotriccus ruficeps ruficeps CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 439, 1917 — Salento, Santa Elena, Rio Toche", El Eden, Central Andes of Colombia; idem, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 5, 1924 — same localities, above Ibague and Bogota. Range : Subtropical Zone of the Central Andes of Colombia, i : Colombia (Quindio Andes, above Salento, Cauca i). *Poecilotriccus ruficeps ruficeps (Kaup}°. RUFOUS-CROWNED TODY- TYRANT. • The genus Poecilotriccus BERLEPSCH is easily separable from Todirostrum on account of its bushy crest, much smaller, narrower, more tapering bill, and much shorter outer primaries, as pointed out by R. Ridgway (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 362, 1907). b Poecilotriccus ruficeps melanomystax subsp. nov. Type from above Salento, alt. 9000 ft., West Quindio Andes, Colombia, in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 50779. Adult female. November 4, 1911. A. A. Allen and L. E. Miller. Adult (sexes alike). — Nearly allied to P. r. ruficeps, from the Eastern Andes of Colombia and Ecuador, but with a distinct black spot in front of the eye, sur- mounted by a conspicuous buffy white supraloral streak; rufous pileum bordered laterally by a continuous black superciliary stripe, widening posteriorly and con- fluent with gray nuchal collar; forehead with a black spot in the middle; auriculars much paler, light buff instead of tawny; malar region extensively black, forming a large patch; throat and foreneck creamy white, without any tawny; abdomen decidedly paler, lemon yellow rather than lemon chrome. Wing 45-47; tail 36-38; bill 11-12. Material examined. — Colombia: "Bogota" 3, above Salento i, El Eden i, Santa Elena i, Frontino i, Medellin i, Jerico i. °The type of T. ruficeps KAUP in the Liverpool Museum, labelled "No. 1888. De Lattre, per Leadbeater, Dec. 1846," proves to be identical with the type of T. lenzi and other examples from the East Colombian Andes. T. multicolor, based on a single Bogota skin in the Strickland Collection, now in the University Museum at Cambridge (Eng.) is likewise referable to this form, as I am informed by Dr. Hans Gadow who very kindly compared it with specimens from the Central and East Colombian Andes forwarded to him for that purpose. Accordingly, it becomes necessary to transfer the name ruficeps to the eastern form, which is characterized by lacking the black superciliaries and malar patch, and by having the sides of the head as well as the median portion of the throat bright tawny, while the posterior under parts are of a richer, deeper yellow. Certain specimens have a few blackish 326 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Todirhamphus ruficeps KAUP, P. Z. S. Lond., 19, "1851" p. 52, Oct. 1852 — "Mexico?" (the type examined in Liverpool Museum looks like a Bogotd skin). Todirostrum multicolor STRICKLAND, Contrib. Ornith., 1852, p. 42, pi. 85, fig. 2 — Bogotd. Todirostrum lenzi BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 249, 1884 — Bucaramanga (type in Berlepsch Collection examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 76, 1888 (ex BERLEPSCH). Todirostrum ruficeps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 67, 1855 — Bogota (crit.); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 75, 1888 — part, spec, d-g, Bogota. Poecilotriccus lenzi BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 298, pi. i, fig. i, 2, 1884 — Bucaramanga. Poecilotriccus ruficeps TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 89 — Banos, Ecuador. Poecilotriccus ruficeps rufigene CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 439, 1917 — part, La Palma, upper Magdalena Valley. Todirostrum rufigene (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 702 — Baeza. Poecilotriccus ruficeps lenzi CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 1 18, p. 5, 1924 — Bogotd, La Palma (Colombia), Baeza and below Oyacachi, Ecuador. Range : Eastern Andes of Ecuador (Baeza, below Oyacachi, Banos) and Colombia (La Palma, upper Magdalena Valley; Bogota; Bucara- manga, Santander) to the Venezuelan border line (Paramo de Tama). 3: Colombia (Bogota i; Paramo de Tama i); Venezuela (Paramo de Tama i). Poecilotriccus ruficeps rufigenis (Sclater and Salviri)*. RUFOUS- CHEEKED TODY-TYRANT. Todirostrum rufigene SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 522 — Monji, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 76, 1888 — Pallatanga, Cayan- deled, Monji, Intac. Todirostrum ruficeps (not of KAUP) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga. Poecilotriccus rufigenis BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 295 — Cayandeled. spots in the malar region and a suggestion of a dusky postocular stripe, but these markings are far less pronounced than in P. r. melanomystax. Specimens from eastern Ecuador do not appreciably differ from those of Colombia. Material examined. — Colombia: Bucaramanga (type of T. lenzi} i, Bogota 5, unspecified (type of T. ruficeps) i, Paramo de Tama 2. Ecuador: Banos i, below Oyacachi i, Baeza 3. • Poecilotriccus ruficeps rufigenis (SCLATER and SALVIN) : Very nearly related to P. r. ruficeps, but pileum darker rufous, Sanford's brown rather than cinnamon rufous, and tawny area on throat more extensive; size smaller (wing 42-43, against 45-47)- Material examined. — Ecuador: Cayandeled 2, Pallatanga i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 327 Poecilotriccus ruficeps rufigene CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 439, 1917 — part, Cerro Munchique, west of Popayan, Colombia; idem, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 5, 1924 — Pallatanga and Cerro Munchique. Range: Western Ecuador (Pallatanga, Cayandeled) and Western Andes of Colombia (Cerro Munchique, west of Popayan). Poecilotriccus ruficeps peruvianus Chapman*. PERUVIAN TODY- TYRANT. Poecilotriccus ruficeps peruvianus CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 5, 1924 — Chaupe, northeast of Huancabamba, Dept. Piura, Peru. .Range: Northwestern Peru, in Dept. Piura (Chaupe, northeast of Huancabamba). Genus TAENIOTRICCUS Berlepsch and Hartert". Taeniotriccus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 38, 1902 — type by orig. desig. Taeniotriccus andrei BERLEPSCH and HARTERT. Taeniotriccus andrei Berlepsch and Hartert0. ANDRE'S CRESTED TYRANT. Taeniotriccus andrei BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 38, 1902 — La Pricion, Caura River, Venezuela (type examined) ; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 223, 1916 — La Pricion. a Poecilotriccus ruficeps peruvianus CHAPMAN: "Similar to P. r. melanomystax, of the Central Andes of Colombia, but supraloral streak but little paler than crown instead of white; forehead with less black; auricular region deeper, more nearly like the crown; lateral black border to posterior half of the crown much narrower." (Chapman, I.e.). We are not acquainted with this obviously well-characterized race. b Genus Taeniotriccus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT. Nearest to Poecilotriccus BERLEPSCH, but maxilla much more swollen, tumid and strongly curved on apical portion; rictal bristles much more numerous, less rigid and longer, reaching to about the middle of the bill ; tarsi much shorter ; acrotar- sium divided into several distinct scutes; pileum with a long crest of broadly rounded feathers. 0 Taeniotriccus andrei BERLEPSCH and HARTERT: Pileum Kaiser brown, with the median crest dull black ; back dark medal bronze, intermixed with a number of newly growing black feathers in scapular region and on sides of rump; upper wing-coverts and remiges brownish black, along the outer web edged with the color of the back ; base of outer webs of remiges creamy yellow, forming a well-defined oblique bar across the wing; innermost secondaries (tertials) also creamy yellow on the outer webs; rectrices blackish brown, narrowly edged with dull olive brown; sides of the head tawny (paler than the crown), orbital ring and tips of loral feathers black; throat still paler (between ochraceous buff and ochraceous tawny); breast lighter medal bronze than the back, with a number of coal black feathers interspersed; abdomen very pale yellowish, washed with olivaceous on sides; under wing-coverts and inner margin of remiges pale yellow. Bill black. Wing (one immature male) 56; tail 43 ; tars. 15 ; bill 1 1 #. The type is an immature bird in change of plumage. The adult male is likely to have the back and breast black, as is indicated by a number of newly growing feathers. 328 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Venezuela (La Pricion, in the valley of the Caura River). Taeniotriccus klagesi Todd*. KLAGES'S CRESTED TYRANT. Taeniotriccus klagesi TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 94, 1925 — Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z, Brazil (type examined). Range: Northern Brazil (Itaituba, left bank of the Rio Tapaj6z) Genus IDIOPTILON Berlepsch«>. Idioptilon BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 356, 1907 — type by monotypy Idioptilon rothschildi BERLEPSCH. Idioptilon rothschildi Berlepschc. ROTHSCHILD'S PYGMY TYRANT. Idioptilon rothschildi BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 356, 1907 — Ipousin, Rio Approu- ague, French Guiana (type in Tring Museum examined); idem, Nov. Zool., JS> P- I32» !9o8 — Ipousin. Range: French Guiana. Genus LOPHOTRICCUS Berlepsch. Orchilus (not of MORRIS 1837) CABANIS in Tschudi, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 24, 164, 1845 — 'type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) Euscarthmus pileatus TSCHUDI. Lophotriccus BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 533 — type by subs, desig. (SHARPE, Zool. Record for 1883, Aves, p. 34, 1884) Todirostrum squamaecrista LAFRESNAYEd. • Taeniotriccus klagesi TODD: Similar to T. andrei on the upper parts (save for the absence of black feathers), but breast olive gray, passing into whitish on the abdomen. Wing (adult female) 57; tail 43; bill \\%. I have hardly any doubt that this will prove to be the female of the preceding species. In Todirostrum capitale SCLATER the sexes differ about the same way in the coloration of the back and breast, as do the two only known specimens of the present genus. b Genus Idioptilon BERLEPSCH. Nearly allied to Lophotriccus, but without a distinct crest; bill slenderer and more elongated; tail nearly even instead of strongly rounded; wing quite differently shaped, with the fourteenth, fifteenth and sixteenth quill (counting from without) equal to the longest (third, fourth and fifth) primaries, and the ninth, tenth and eleventh quill much abbreviated. c Idioptilon rothschildi BERLEPSCH, in coloration, bears a remarkable likeness to Lophotriccus vitiosus which it notably resembles in the double-banded wing ; it may, however, readily be distinguished by the much shorter feathers of the pileum being green, centered with dusky (instead of black, edged with slate gray). Besides, the chest is rather more strongly tinged with olivaceous, the belly brighter as well as more uniform yellow, and the back of a fresher green, while the tail is much longer. Wing (one adult, the type) 5 1 ; tail 45 ; bill 1 1 #. In addition to the type I have seen several other specimens of this curious bird in the collection of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. d See Bangs and Penard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 78, 1921. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 329 Cometornis BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 373, 1921 — type by orig. desig. Todirostrum squamaecrista LAFRESNAYE. *Lophotriccus pileatus luteiventris Taczanowski. ZELEDON'S HEL- METED TYRANT. [Lophotriccus squamicristatus] subsp. luteiventris TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 231, in text, 1884 — Chiriqui (type in Coll. Berlepsch examined). Lophotriccus squamicristatus minor CHERRIE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 14, p. 337, Sept. 1891 — Grecia, Costa Rica; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 371, 1907 — Costa Rica and Panama; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 730, 1910 — Costa Rica; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., i, p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo. Lophotriccus zeledoni CHERRIE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 14, p. 337, Sept. 1891 — Dota, Costa Rica ( = adult female). Lophotriccus squamicristatus (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 87, 1888 — part, spec, a-i, Costa Rica, Chitra and Calovevora (Veragua), Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 16, 1888 — part, Costa Rica, Chiriqui, Veragua. Lopholriccus minor BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 35, 1902 — Boquete, Chiriqui. Lophotriccus squamaecrista luteiventris HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 14, p. 283, 1920 (crit.). Cometornis squamaecrista minor BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64» p. 374, 1921 — Costa Rica. Range: Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui and Veragua)*. 5: Costa Rica (San Marcos i, Guayabo i, Juan Vinas 2, unspeci- fied i). *Lophotriccus pileatus squamaecrista (Lafresnaye). LAFRESNAYE'S HELMETED TYRANT. F [lege T] [odirostrum] squamaecrista LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 363, 1846 — • Bogota. Todirostrum squamicristatum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 148, 1855 — Bogota; idem, I.e., 25, p. 84, 1857 — Bogota; idem, I.e., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., 28, p. 283, 1860 — Babahoyo; idem, I.e., p. 295, 1860 — Esmeraldas. (?) Euscarthmus squamicristatus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — Cumbre de Valencia, Venezuela; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 703 — San Nicolas, Santo Domingo, and Guanacillo, Ecuador. Orchilus pileatus (not of TSCHUDI) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 332 — Palmal, Prov. Guayas, Ecuador. a Nine specimens from Costa Rica compared with two, including the type, from Chiriqui. 330 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Lophotriccus squamicristatus BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, P- 553 — Chimbo (descr. juv.) ; idem, I.e., 1884, p. 296 — Pedregal and Surupata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 87, 1888 — part, (?) Cumbre de Valencia, Bogotd, Intac, Balzar, Nanegal, Babahoyo, Pallatanga; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Chimbo; idem, I.e., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Pambilar; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 6, 1899 — Vinces, Balzar, and Rio Peripa. Lophotriccus squamaecristatus MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£ogr. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 652, 1911 — Mindo and Gualea. Lophotriccus squamaecristatus squamaecristatus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 442, 1917 — La Frijolera, Salencio, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Miraflores, La Candela, near San Agustin, Fusugasugd, and Buena Vista, Colombia. Lophotriccus squamaecristatus minor (not of CHERRIE) CHAPMAN, I.e., p. 443, 1917 — Ricaurte and Barbacoas, southwestern Colombia. Lophotriccus squamaecrista LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — Ecuador, below 4500 feet. Cometornis squamaecrista squamaecrista BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 373, 1921 — Bogota. Range : Tropical and Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta region) and western Ecuador*; (?) Venezuela (Cumbre de Valen- cia, Carabobo). 7: Colombia (Las Lomitas, Cauca i, near San Agustin, Huila i, Bogota 2); Ecuador (Chimbo 3). ^Lophotriccus pileatus pileatus (Tschudi}*. HELMETED TYRANT. Euscarthmus pileatus TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), Heft 3, p. 273, May 1844 — Peru, we suggest Valley of Vitoc, Dept. Junin". Orchilus pileatus TSCHUDI, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 164, pi. 9, fig. i, 1846 — wooded region of Peru; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 535 — Ropaybamba; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 18 — Huambo. Todirostrum squamicristatum (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 70, 1858 — Rio Napo. • Birds from western Ecuador appear to be inseparable from those of Colombia. Some individuals from the Western Andes of Colombia closely approach L. p. luteiventris in small size as well as in coloration of under parts. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 10, Las Lomitas 3, San Antonio i, near San Agustin i. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: San Javier 3, Paramba 4; Chimbo, Prov. Guayas 4. b Lophotriccus p. pileatus seems to be separable from L. p. squamaecrista by less conspicuous, more greenish edges to the upper wing-coverts, broader as well as darker streaking on throat and chest, and decidedly paler yellowish flanks. Material examined. — Peru: Garita del Sol, Vitoc i, Chinchao 4, Huachipa i, Huambo i. Ecuador: Rio Napo i, Machay 2. •Tschudi's type should be reexamined. It was obviously a bird in juvenile plumage like one from Chinchao in the collection of Field Museum. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 331 Lophotriccus squamicristatus TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 230, 1884 — Ropay- bamba and Huambo; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lend., 1885, p. 89 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, I.e., 1896, p. 361— Garita del Sol, Vitoc, Peru. Cometornis squamaecrista pUeatus BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64» P- 373, 1921 — Peru. Range: Tropical and Subtropical Zone of Peru (from Dept. Junin northward) and eastern Ecuador. 5: Peru, Dept. Hudnuco (Chinchao 4, Huachipa i). Lophotriccus pileatus hypochlorus Berlepsch and Stolzmann*. URU- BAMBA HELMETED TYRANT. Lophotriccus squamaecristatus hypochlorus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 85, Sept. 1906 — Idma, above Santa Ana, Prov. Convencion, Dept. Cuzco (two cotypes examined); idem, I.e., p. 112, -1906 — Huaynapata, Marcapata; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Idma and Rio San Miguel, Urubamba region. Lophotriccus squamaecristatus pileatus (not of TSCHUDI) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 371, 1907 — Inca Mine [ = Santo Domingo], Peru (crit.). Cometornis squamaecrista hypochlorus BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 374, 1921 — Santa Ana, Peru. Range: Tropical and Subtropical Zone of southeastern Peru, in depts. Cuzco (Urubamba and Marcapata valleys) and Puno (San Gaban, Carabaya). Lophotriccus congener Toddb. ALLIED HELMETED TYRANT. Lophotriccus congener TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 92, 1925 — Sao Paulo de Olivenga, Rio Solimoes, Brazil (type in Carnegie Museum examined). Range: Northwestern Brazil, State of Amazonas (Sao Paulo de Olivenga, Rio Solimoes). • Lophotriccus pileatus hypochlorus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN: Differs from L. p. pileatus by much yellower under parts, the lateral edges to the feathers of the throat being olive yellow instead of whitish, the chest tinged with greenish, and the abdomen bright yellow, more greenish on flanks. Material examined. — Idma, above Santa Ana 2, Santo Domingo 2, San Gaban 2. b Lophotriccus congener TODD: Closely allied to, and perhaps conspecific, with L. pileatus, but edges to crest feathers decidedly yellow, between mustard and naples yellow (instead of tawny or ochraceous tawny), passing into yellowish citrine on anterior crown and forehead; cheeks and auriculars light olive greenish (grayish, shading into light tawny olive on auriculars in L. pileatus) ; orbital ring much paler, chamois rather than cinnamon; throat slightly tinged with yellowish and streaking beneath somewhat narrower; crest of male on average longer. Wing (three males) 51-52, (one female) 46; tail 38-42, (female) 33; bill 9-10. Material examined. — Sao Paulo de Olivenca 4. 332 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. ^Lophotriccus vitiosus vitiosus (Bangs and Penard}*. DOUBLE-BANDED HELMETED TYRANT. Cometornis vitiosus BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 373, 1921 — Peru (type in Museum of Comparative Zoology examined). Todirostrum spiciferum (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 67, pi. 84, fig. 2, 1855 — Chamicuros, Peru. Euscarthmus spicifer SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 187 — lower Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278 — lower Ucayali, Xeberos, Chyavetas, Chamicuros. Colopterus galeatus (not Motacilla galeata BODDAERT) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — part, Marabitanas, Rio Negro (spec, in Vienna Museum ex- amined); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 18 — Yurimaguas (spec, examined). Lophotriccus spicifer TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 229, 1884 — Yurimaguas (Peru) and Cayenne (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 87, 1888 — Chyavetas, Ucayali, Iquitos, Chamicuros, Peru and Sarayacu, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 301, 1889 — Yurimaguas; idem, Nov. Zool., J5» P- !32. 1908 — Ipousin and Saint Laurent, French Guiana (spec, examined) ; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 403, 1914 — Rio Jary (Sao Antonio da Cachoeira), Obidos, Rio Jamunda (Faro); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 442, 1917 — La Morelia, Rio Caquetd, Colombia. Range: French and Dutch Guiana; northern Brazil (Rio Jary, Obidos, Rio Jamunda, north bank of lower Amazon; Marabitanas, Rio Negro) ; southeastern Colombia (La Murelia, Rio Caqueta) ; eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu) and eastern Peru (south to Puerto Bermudez, Dept. Junin)b. i : Peru (Puerto Bermudez, Rio Pichis, Dept. Junin i). Lophotriccus vitiosus eulophotes Todd°. TODD'S HELMETED TYRANT. * Lophotriccus vitiosus vitiosus (BANGS and PENARD), in coloration, bears a strik- ing resemblance to Colopteryx galeatus, but may be distinguished by the conspicuous yellow apical margins to the median and greater wing-coverts forming two clearly defined cross bands, and by the distinct yellow edges to the innermost secondaries (tertials). Besides, the outer primaries, in the male sex, are by no means modified, while the edges to the feathers of the crown are of a purer slate gray. b Birds from the Guianas and north of the Amazon may be separable subspeci- fically on account of their smaller size and more yellowish under parts. It also ap- pears that the males never acquire such a long full crest as those from Peru and Ecuador, some of which are not distinguishable, on this score, from eulophotes. Certain specimens from Peru also approach it in size and coloration of under parts. The type, though slightly faded, is certainly the same as our specimen from Puerto Bermudez, both having the under parts but faintly tinged with yellowish. Another male from Peru (Yurimaguas) and one from Marabitanas, however, agree in dimen- sions, short crest, and yellowish lower surface with Guianan examples. Material examined. — French Guiana: Ipousin, Rio Approuague 2, Saint Laurent i, Tamanoir, Mana River 3, Pied Saut, Oyapock i. Dutch Guiana: near Para- maribo i. Brazil: Marabitanas i. Ecuador: Sarayacu 3. Peru: Yurimaguas 2, Rio Tigre 2, Chyavetas i, lower Ucayali i, Puerto Bermudez i, unspecified i. 8 Lophotriccus vitiosus eulophotes TODD: Differs from L. v. vitiosus in unb&nded wings (the coverts as well as the remiges being edged with the color of the back), 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 333 Lophotriccus eulophotes TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 93, 1925 — Hyutana- han, Rio Punis, Brazil (type examined). Range: Western Brazil (upper Rio Punis). Genus COLOPTERYX Ridgway. Colopterus (not of ERICHSON 1842) CABANIS, Ber. and Verh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1845, p. 216 — type Motacilla cristata GMELIN = Motacitta galeata BODDAERT. Colopteryx RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 519, 1888 — new name for Colopterus CABANIS, preoccupied. ^Colopteryx galeatus (Boddaert). HELMETED PYGMY TYRANT. Motacilla galeata BODDAERT, Tabl. PI. enl., p. 24, 1783 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 391, fig. i, Cayenne. Motacilla cristata GMELIN, Syst. Nat., i (2), p. 972, 1789 — based on Dauben- ton, PL enl. 391, fig. i, Cayenne. Todirostrum spiciferum LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 363, 1846 — Brazil (type now in Mus. Comp. Zool. Cambridge examined) ; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 64, p. 371, 1921 (crit.). Colopteryx inornatus RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 519, Aug. 1888 — • Diamantina, near Santarem, Brazil (type examined ; = female). Lophotriccus subcristatus ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 53, 1892 — • El Pilar, Bermudez, Venezuela (type examined ;= female). Lophotriccus macconnelli CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 39, p. 90, 1919 — Ituribisci River, British Guiana (type now in British Museum examined). Colopterus cristatus CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 253, pi. 5, fig. 2, 3, 1847 — British Guiana (descr.) ; idem in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 702, 1848 — coast of British Guiana. Colopterus galeatus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 577 — Capim River; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — part, Barra do Rio Negro [ = Manaos] (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 382 — Para; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 293 — Camacusa, Bartica Grove (spec, examined); slightly darker olive green back, and white under parts, with only a pale yellowish tinge on the flanks. Crest of males long as in the type and other Upper Amazonian specimens of vitiosus, but orbital ring more decidedly buffy. The female is hardly distinguishable from that of Colopteryx galeatus and renders the propriety of sepa- rating the genus Lophotriccus rather questionable. Material examined. — Brazil: Hyutanahan, Rio Punis 4. MEASUREMENTS OF ADULT MALES WING TAIL Two from Sarayacu, Ecuador 51,51 39,40 "Peru" (type of L. vitiosus) 50^ 40 One from Rio Tigre, Peru 5 1 K 38 Two from Yurimaguas 47,52 34,39 One from Marabitanas, Rio Negro 48^ 37 Four from French Guiana 47-48 33-39 Three from the Rio Punis (L. eulophotes) 49-5 \yi 40-42 334 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 91, 1888 — Bartica Grove, Camacusa, Cayenne, Para, Capim; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris, 10, p. 117, 1904 — Saint Jean du Maroni, French Guiana. Colopteryx ornatus (lapsu) CHAPMAN and RIKER, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diaman- tina, near Santarem. Colopteryx galeatus BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 39, 1902 — Alta- gracia, Maipures and Munduapo, Rio Orinoco, and Suapure, Caura, Venezuela (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, I.e., 13, p. 360, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Para; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 132, 1908 — Cayenne and Roche-Marie, French Guiana; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 96, 1909 — Guanoco, Orinoco delta; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 21, 89, 1912 — Peixe-Boi and Ipitinga (Para localities; crit.); STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 205 — Jocopita, Manimo River, and Cariaquito, Vene- zuela; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 404, 1914 — Para, Ananindeua, Santa Isabel, Peixe-Boi, Quati-puru, Sao Antonio do Prata, Rio Guama, Rio Tocantins (Baiao), Rio Xingu (Victoria), Rio Curua, Rio Tapajdz (Santarem, Pimental), Maraca, Amapa, Arumanduba, Rio Maecuru, Obidos, Rio Ja- munda (Faro); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 223, 1916 — Orinoco River from Ciudad Bolivar to beyond the falls of Maipures; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 76, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Colopteryx galeatus macconnetti CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 163, 1921 — Ituribisci River and Arwye Creek, British Guiana. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela (El Pilar and Cariaquito, Bermudez ; Orinoco Valley from the delta up to beyond the falls of Maipures, and Caura Valley) ; northern Brazil (north of the Amazon west to Manaos, south of the river from northern Maranhao west to the right bank of the Tapaj6z) a. 4: Brazil (Sao Luiz, Maranhao 2; Santarem i); British Guiana (Rio Carimang i). • I cannot make out any geographic variation. Birds from British Guiana, in- cluding the type of L. macconnetti are absolutely identical with a series from Cayenne, being neither larger nor more brightly colored. The type of L. subcristatus is an adult female, agreeing with others from Altagracia (Orinoco). Specimens from the lower Amazon (inornatus) do not appear to be separable either, though in the few I have seen the streaking on throat and chest is perhaps slightly narrower. Ridgway's type is a female, badly damaged by the shot, causing the loss of most of the crown feathers. Females of this species may be recognized by the different proportions of the three outer primaries, shorter wings and tail as well as by much shorter crest feathers with the black mesial streaks much narrower and the wider edges decidedly olive green instead of grayish. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 4, Roche-Marie 3. Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo 3. British Guiana: Ituribisci River i, Bartica Grove 2, Camacusa 3, Rio Carimang i. Venezuela: El Pilar i; Rio Orinoco, Altagracia 3, Maipures 6, Munduapo i; Caura, Suapure i, Guayapo i. Brazil: Para i, Sao Antonio 2, Peixe-Boi 2, Ipitinga i, Diamantina i, Santarem i, Manaos i; Sao Luiz, Maranhao 2. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 335 Genus ATALOTRICCUS Ridgway. Atalotriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 208, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Colopterus pilaris CABANIS. Atalotriccus pilaris wilcoxi Griscom*. WILCOX'S PYGMY TYRANT. Atalotriccus pilaris wilcoxi GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 141, p. 5, 1924 — La Colorada, Santiago, Prov. Veraguas. Todirostrum megacephalum (not Todus megacephalus SWAINSON) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 330, 1862 — Panama Railroad. Colopterus pilaris (not of CABANIS) SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 147 — Santa F6, Veragua; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 90, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, Santa Fe"; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 18, 1888 — part, Panama and Veragua; BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 361, 1901 — David, Chiriqui. Colopteryx pilaris THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 217, 1906 — Savannah of Panama. Atalotriccus pilaris pilaris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 374, 1907 — part, Panama; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 264 — Pedro Miguel, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Farfan, Panama. Range: Panama, from the Canal Zone west to Chiriqui. ^Atalotriccus pilaris pilaris (Cdbanis). PYGMY TYRANT. Colopterus pilaris CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 253, pi. 5, fig. 4, 1847 — Carthagena, Colombia; SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1880, p. 124 — Minca, Santa Marta district; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 90, 1888 — part, spec, c-1, Santa Marta, Bogotd; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 150, 1900 — Bonda, Minca, Cacagualito. Todirostrum exile SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 25, p. 83, pi. 125, fig. 3, 1857 — Nova Granada; CASSIN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 144 — Carthagena. Atalotriccus pilaris pilaris RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 374, 1907 — part, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 444, 1917 — La Playa, Honda, Chicoral, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 381, 1922 — Bonda, La Tigrera, Mamotoco, Minca, and Fundaci6n, Santa Marta region. Range : Northern and eastern Colombia (Carthagena ; Santa Marta region; lower Magdalena Valley; El Guayabal, State of Santander; Bogota)*. • Atalotriccus pilaris wilcoxi GRISCOM: Exceedingly close to A. p. pilaris, but upper parts slightly duller green, with the wing markings less distinct; flanks and under tail-coverts rather paler yellow. Material examined. — Panama: Railroad line 5, Chiriqui i. b Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 10, Carthagena i, Aracataca 2, El Guayabal 3. 336 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 4: Colombia (Bogota i; El Guayabal, ten miles north of Cucuta, Santander 3). ^Atalotriccus pilaris venezuelensis Ridgway*. VENEZUELAN PYGMY TYRANT. Atalotriccus pilaris venezuelensis RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 115, 1906 — San Antonio, Bermudez, Venezuela; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 374, 1907 — part, excl. Orinoco Valley. Colopterus pilaris (not of CABANIS) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 252 — north shore of Lake Valencia; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumana- coa and San Antonio. Colopteryx pilaris venezuelensis HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 75, 1912 — San Esteban (crit.). Range: North coast of Venezuela, from Bermudez to Carabobo (San Esteban, Lake Valencia). 4: Venezuela (Macuto, Caracas i, Lake Valencia 3). Atalotriccus pilaris griseiceps (Hellmayr)b. GRAY-HEADED PYGMY TYRANT. Colopteryx pilaris griseiceps HELLMAYR, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 3, No. 22, p. 24, 1911 — Altagracia, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela. Atalotriccus griseiceps whitelyanus CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 301, 1919 — Quonga, British Guiana (type examined); idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 162, 1921 — Quonga. Colopteryx pilaris (not of CABANIS) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 39, 1902 — Maipures, Ciudad Bolivar, Altagracia, Caicara, Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco (spec, examined). » Atalotriccus pilaris venezuelensis RIDGWAY: Barely distinguishable from A. p. pilaris by having the back of a slightly fresher green, and the flanks on average slightly paler. The supposed differences in size and color of crown do not exist. This form hardly deserves recognition, but I should like to see a larger series before condemning it. Seven adult males measure as follows: wing 42^-45 (in pilaris 42-44^); tail 39-43 (in pilaris 38-44)- Material examined. — Venezuela, Bermudez: San Antonio i, hills of Quebrada Secca 3, Santa Ana Valley 3; Macuto, Caracas i; Carabobo, San Esteban i, Lake Valencia 3. b Atalotriccus pilaris griseiceps (HELLMAYR) : Immediately distinguished from the other races by the smoke gray pileum, strongly contrasted with the green back, the latter being slightly duller than in venezuelensis. Moreover, the sides of the head, particularly the orbital region, are more tinged with cinnamon buff, and there is also a more or less distinct buffy suffusion on the forehead. Three specimens from Quonga 04. g. whitelyanus) prove to be absolutely identical with a series from Altagracia, all having "the back uniform green." Two skins (from Altagracia, resp. Ciudad Bolivar) show a faint olivaceous tinge on the crown, while one of our females from Lake Valencia agrees with griseiceps in possessing a wide cinnamon buff orbital ring and narrow buff frontal edge. Material examined. — Venezuela, Rio Orinoco: Ciudad Bolivar i, Altagracia 6, Caicara 2, Quiribana de Caicara i ; El Llagual, Caura i. British Guiana: Quonga 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 337 Atalotriccus pilaris venezuelensis (not of RIDGWAY) CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 223, 1916 — from Ciudad Bolivar to above the falls of Maipures. Range : Southern Venezuela, in the valleys of the Caura and Orinoco (from Ciudad Bolivar up to beyond the falls of Maipures) and ad- jacent districts of British Guiana (Quonga). Genus MYIORNIS Bertoni. Myiornis BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 129, 1901 — type by monotypy Euscarth- mus minutus BERTONI = Platyrhynchos auricularis VIEILLOT; idem, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 17, p. 222, 1913 (crit.). Notorchilus OBERHOLSER, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, p. 204, 1918 — type by orig. desig. Platyrhynchos auricularis VIEILLOT. *Myiornis auricularis ( Vieillof). EARED PYGMY TYRANT. Platyrhynchos auricularis VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 27, p. 16, 1818 — "Bre"sil," coll. Delalande (type from Rio de Janeiro in Paris Museum examined). Euscarthmus cinereicollis WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 955, 1831 — south- eastern Brazil. Todus megacephalus SWAINSON, Natur. Libr., Orn., 10 (Flycatchers), p. 177, pi. 19, 1838 — no locality given. Euscarthmus minutus BERTONI*, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 129, 1901 — Alto Parana, Paraguay. Todirostrum auriculare LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 364, 1846 (crit.). Triccus auricularis BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 499, 1856 — Brazil. Orchilus auricularis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — 'Rio de Janeiro and Sapitiba (Rio de Janeiro), Ypanema, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); HAMILTON, Ibis, 1871, p. 304 — Sao Paulo; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Canta- gallo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 88, 1888 — Parana and Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 229, 1889 — note on Wied's types, erroneously stated to be from "Campos Geraes"; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; EULER, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 40, 1900 (nest and eggs descr.); IHERING, I.e., p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo; idem, I.e., 5, p. 297, 1902 — Bauru (nest and eggs descr.); OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 138, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 269, 1907 — Bahia; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 578 — Sapucay. Orchilus auricularis pyrrhotis BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 130, 1885 — Linha Piraja, Rio Grande do Sul (type) and Santa Catharina (type examined) ; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 269, 1907 — Alto da Serra, Rincao, Ubatuba, Rio Feio, Bauru, Itarare" (Sao Paulo), Ourinho (Parana), Porto a Although the description is faulty in several respects, the species was later identified by the author with P. auricularis and, besides, I have seen an authentic example from Puerto Bertoni, belonging to the Museu Paulista. 338 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Cachoeiro (Espirito Santo), Puerto Bertoni (Paraguay); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 325, 1910 — Alto Parana. Orchilus pyrrhotis DABBENE, Boll. Soc. Physis, i, p. 339, 1914 — Misiones (crit.). Myiornis auricularis BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Alto Parana. Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul, adjacent districts of Argentina (Misiones) , and Para- guay. 9: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio i; Ypiranga, Sao Paulo 2); Argen- tina (Puerto Segundo, Misiones 6). Myiornis albiventris (Berlepsch and Stolzmann)b. WHITE-BELLIED PYGMY TYRANT. Orchilus albiventris BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ibis, (6) 6, p. 389, 1894 — La Merced, Chanchamayo, Peru; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 361 — La Merced. Range : Tropical Zone of central Peru, in depts. Junin (La Merced, Chanchamayo) and Huanuco (Pozuzo). Genus PERISSOTRICCUS Oberholser". Perissotriccus OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 64, 1902 — type by orig. desig. Todirostrum ecaudatum LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. Perissotriccus ecaudatus (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). SHORT-TAILED PYGMY TYRANT. Todirostrum ecaudatum LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — Yuracares, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. me'rid., Ois., p. 316, pi. 33, fig. i, 1839 — Yuracares; LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 361, 1846 — Yuracares. *• The type of P. auricularis and other specimens from Rio de Janeiro prove to be identical with a series from Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul (type of 0. a. pyrrhotis), all having the orbital ring and auriculars decidedly ruf escent. Two out of three Bahia skins have these parts paler, more buffy whitish, and if there are two races, it is the Bahia form which has to be separated. There is, however, much variation. Material examined. — Bahia 3. Rio de Janeiro: Colonia Alpina, Serra dos Orgaos i, Therezopolis i, Sapitiba i, Rio 2. Espirito Santo: Porto Cachoeiro i. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 2, Ypiranga 2, Victoria 3, Fazenda Cayoa, Rio Parana- panema i. Santa Catharina: Blumenau i. Rio Grande do Sul: Linha Piraja i. Paraguay: Sapucay 2, Puerto Bertoni i. Argentina: Puerto Segundo, Misiones 6. b Myiornis albiventris (BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN) : Similar in form to M. auricularis, but tail somewhat shorter; breast and abdomen white instead of bright yellow, only the flanks and under tail-coverts faintly tinged with yellowish; pileum darker olive green; grayish nuchal band wider; blackish auricular patch less pro- nounced. Wing (male) 39; tail 23; bill 9. Material. — One adult male, collected by W. Hoffmanns, in January 1904, at Pozuzo, alt. 800 metr., Dept. Huanuco, Peru (Tring Museum). 0 This genus is very nearly allied to Myiornis, but may be separated by its very much shorter tail which is hardly longer than the tarsus. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 339 Orchilus ecaudatus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — Engenho do Cap. Gama, Matto Grosso and Salto do Girao, Rio Madeira (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628, 631 — San Esteban, Venezuela; idem, I.e., 1878, p. 138 — Rioja, Peru; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 234, 1884 — Bolivia; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 89, 1888 — Bolivia, San Esteban; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 39, 1902 — Munduapo, Orinoco and Suapure, Caura, Venezuela (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, I.e., 13, p. 22, 1906 — Savannah Grande, Trinidad; idem, I.e., 14, p. n, 1907 — Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 47, 1907 — Teffe\ Rio Solimoes; idem, I.e., 17, p. 292, 1910 — Calama and S. Isabel (Rio Preto), Rio Madeira; idem, Abhandl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., math. phys. Kl., 26, No. 2, p. 21, 1912 — Peixe-Boi, Para; SNETH- LAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 501, 1908 — Ilha do Papageio and Villa Braga, Rio Tapaj6z; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 270, 1907 — Rio Jurua; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 92, 1921 — Rio Cosireni, Urubamba region; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 27, 1925 — Bolivia (type). Perissotriccus ecaudatus IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 433, 1905 — Rio Jurua; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 404, 1914 — Santa Isabel and Sao Antonio do Prata (Para district), Rio Tocantins (Cameta), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim, Villa Braga, Ilha do Papagaio), Rio Jamauchim (Santa Helena, Maloquinha), Rio Jary (Sao Antonio da Cachoeira), and Rio Jamunda (Faro); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 223, 1916 — Munduapo and Suapure; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 50, 1920 — Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru. Perissotriccus ecaudatus miserabilis CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 301, 1919 — Bonasika River, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 161, 1921 — Bonasika River. Range: Trinidad; Venezuela (San Esteban, north coast; Orinoco region); British Guiana; Amazonia, from Para west to eastern Peru, south to northern Bolivia and western Matto Grosso (Engenho do Gama, Rio Guapore*)". ^Perissotriccus atricapillus (Lawrence)*. BLACK-CAPPED PYGMY TY- RANT. Orchilus atricapillus LAWRENCE, Ibis, (3) 5, p. 385, 1875 — Angostura and "Volcan de Irazu"=Talamanca, Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 89, » This species does not exhibit any geographic variation, as far as I can see, unless it be that specimens from Trinidad and Venezuela are, on average, very slightly brighter, more yellowish green above. When separating miserabilis, Chubb had only one old, faded Bolivian skin for comparison. Material examined. — Trinidad: Savannah Grande 2, Caparo 15. Venezuela: Munduapo i, Suapure i. British Guiana: Bonasika River i. Brazil: Sao Antonio do Prata 2, Peixe-Boi 2, Calama, Rio Madeira 3, Salto do Girap i, S. Isabel, Rio Preto i, Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso 2, Rio Jurua i. Bolivia: Yuracares i, Rio San Mateo 2. Peru: Juanfue1, Rio Huallaga i, Yahuarmayo 2. b Perissotriccus atricapillus differs from P. ecaudatus by flesh color instead of blackish brown legs, brighter yellow edges to remiges, larger as well as more purely white supraloral spot, and especially by black instead of light gray crown. Wing 36; tail 15, 18; bill n. Probably a race of P. ecaudatus. Material examined. — Costa Rica: Jimenez i. Ecuador: San Javier i. 340 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 1888— Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 17, 1888 — Angostura and Talamanca; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — San Javier, Ecuador (spec, examined); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 444, 1917 — Alto Bonito, N6vita, San Jose', and Barbacoas, Pacific Co- lombia. Todirostrum ecaudatum (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. no, 1868 — Angostura. Perissotriccus atricapillus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 377, 1907 — eastern Costa Rica and Ecuador; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 729, 1910 — Jimenez and El Hogar, Costa Rica. Range : Eastern Costa Rica and along the Pacific coast of Colombia south to northwestern Ecuador (San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas). i: Costa Rica (Jimenez i). Genus PSEUDOTRICCUS Taczanowski and Berlepsch*. Pseudotriccus TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 88 — type by monotypy Pseudotriccus pelzelni TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH. Pseudomyiobius SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 12, 1899 — type by monotypy Pseudomyiobius connectens SALVADORI and FESTA. Pseudotriccus pelzelni pelzelni Taczanowski and Berlepschb. PEL- ZELN'S PYGMY TYRANT. Pseudotriccus pelzelni TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 88 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador (two cotypes examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 85, 1888 — part, spec, a, Machay (spec, examined). Pseudotriccus pelzelni pelzelni CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 441, 1917 — 'Buenavista, above Villa vicencio, Colombia. Range: Eastern slope of the Andes of Colombia (Buenavista) and Ecuador (Machay, Mapoto, below Sumaco). Pseudotriccus pelzelni berlepschi Nelson0. BERLEPSCH'S PYGMY TY- RANT. a The smooth, slender tarsus serves to distinguish this genus from its allies. b Pseudotriccus pelzelni pelzelni TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH has the back decidedly greenish (slightly darker than Ridgway's dark citrine) with the lower rump and upper tail-coverts more brownish; feathers of pileum dusky in the middle, edged with dark citrine; edges of greater wing-coverts slightly more brownish olive than the back, those of remiges and rectrices raw umber; sides of head dark citrine; middle of breast and abdomen nearest to Strpntian yellow, tinged with citrine on throat and chest, and more strongly so on sides; under tail-coverts washed with buffy. Wing (three males) 57-58; tail 44-47; tarsus 19-20; bill n. Material examined. — Ecuador: Machay 2, below Sumaco i. 0 Pseudotriccus pelzelni berlepschi NELSON: Differs from P. p. pelzelni by rather darker (more brownish olive) back; more blackish pileum; conspicuous rufous brown 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 341 Pseudotriccus pelzelni berlepschi NELSON, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, No. 21, p. i, 1913 — Mount Pirri, Panama (two cotypes examined). Range: Eastern Panama (Mount Pirri). Pseudotriccus pelzelni connectens (Sahadori and Festa): SALVADORI'S PYGMY TYRANT. Pseudomyiobius connectens SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 12, 1899 — Gualea, Ecuador (type examined; = juv.). Pseudotriccus pelzelni (not of TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 85, 1888 — part, spec, b, Ecuador (spec, examined); GOOD- FELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 703 — Milligalli and Gualea (spec, examined). Pseudotriccus connectens CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 441, 1917 — Cerro Munchique and Cocal, Western Andes, Colombia (spec, examined). Range : Western Andes of Colombia and western slope of Ecuador. Pseudotriccus simplex (Berlepsch)b. BOLIVIAN PYGMY TYRANT. (between Brussels brown and Antique brown) edges to larger wing-coverts, quills and rectrices; paler (about straw yellow) under parts, less strongly tinged with citrine on chest and hardly so on throat; finally much larger bill. Wing (two adults) 56-57; tail 44-45; bill 12. This form resembles P. p. connectens in large bill and distinct rufous brown edges on wings and tail, but is considerably darker above, with the cap more blackish, while the under surface is paler yellow and washed with greenish (citrine) instead of old gold on chest and sides. Two specimens from Mount Pirri examined. • Pseudotriccus pelzelni connectens (SALVADORI and FESTA) : Bill large, and larger wing-coverts, remiges, and tail feathers edged with antique brown as in P. p. ber- lepschi; but back medal bronze instead of dark citrine; pileum of a lighter greenish, with less distinct dusky disks; auriculars and sides of neck more brownish (orange citrine rather than dark citrine as in P. p. pelzelni, while P. p. berlepschi is somewhat intermediate); yellow of under parts much brighter (amber yellow) than in either; chest and sides strongly washed with old gold instead of citrine; size slightly larger. Wing (five adults) 56-60; tail 44-48; tarsus 20; bill 12-13. The type is a young bird in fluffy plumage with undeveloped crest. Two speci- mens from Cocal agree with others from Ecuador. There can be no question that P. connectens is but a race of P. pelzelni. In structural details they are identical and, as far as coloration is concerned, the Mount Pirri form is just intermediate. Material examined. — Ecuador: Gualea 2, Milligalli i, unspecified 2. Colombia: Cocal, west of Popayan 2. b Pseudotriccus simplex (BERLEPSCH) : Nearly allied to P. p. pelzelni, but fore- head, lores and orbital region Sudan brown, this color passing on crown and auri- culars into the dark citrine of the back, which is somewhat deeper than in its ally; under parts much duller and more olivaceous, less greenish on throat, chest and sides which are nearest to "olive lake", while the middle of the abdomen is even paler yellowish than in P. p. berlepschi. Wing 53-55; tail 40-43^; bill n. In shape of bill this bird closely agrees with P. p. pelzelni, although the maxilla is apparently slightly more depressed and not quite so strongly curved in its apical portion. Caenotriccus to which it had originally been referred has a slenderer bill with less bulging outline and pale colored lower mandible. The type of 0. keaysi differs from two Bolivian examples by more brownish back (near medal bronze), more rufous (argus or Brussels brown) edges to wings and tail, more olivaceous (less greenish) under parts, and more brownish flanks. The three known specimens of this species are undoubtedly adult and, while superficially resembling the juvenile plumage of Caenotriccus ruficeps in coloration, 342 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Caenotriccus simplex BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 49, p. 88, Jan. 1901 — Sandillani (type) and San Jacinto, Bolivia (spec, examined). Ochthoeca keaysi CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 14, p. 227, Sept. 1901 — Inca Mine [ = Santo Domingo], Peru (type examined); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 470, 1907 (crit.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 241, 1913 (crit.). Range: Andes of Bolivia, in depts. La Paz (Sandillani) and Cocha- bamba (San Jacinto), and southeastern Peru (Santo Domingo). Genus CAENOTRICCUS Sclater-. Caenotriccus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 86, 1888 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa ruficeps LAFRESNAYE. *Caenotriccus ruficeps (Lafresnaye) . RUFOUS-HEADED PYGMY TYRANT. Muscicapa (Todirostrum?) ruficeps LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 6, p. 291, 1843 — "Colombie" = Bogota; idem, I.e., 7, p. 80, 1844 (crit.). Conopophaga ruficeps LAFRESNAYE, Mag. Zool., (2) 6, Ois., pi. 51, 1844 — Colom- bia. Tyrannula ruficeps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogotd. Serphophaga ruficeps SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 212, 1862 — Bogotd; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 535 — Pumamarca, Peru; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 237, 1884 — Pumamarca; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 703 — Mindo. Caenotriccus ruficeps SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 86, 1888 — Bogotd and "Sarayacu, Ecuador"; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 360 — Sarnapaycha (Maraynioc), Peru (spec, examined); SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 6, 1899 — Pun and Gualea, Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 91, 1921 — Cedrobamba, Urubamba Valley, Peru; LONNBERG and RENDALL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — road to Gualea, Ecuador. Caenotriccus ruficeps haplopteryx BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 361, in text — Maraynioc, Peru. Caenotriccus ruficeps ruficeps CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 442, 1917 — Cocal and Andes west of Popayan, Almaguer, Salento, Santa Isabel, Colombia. Range: Andes of Colombia (except Santa Marta district), Ecuador, Peru, and western Bolivia (Sandillani, Yungas of La Paz) b. i : Colombia (Coast Range west of Popayan i). as stated by Chapman (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 442, 1917), they appear to constitute a different species which, for the present, I am inclined to assign to Pseudotriccus. Material examined. — Bolivia: Sandillani, Yungas of La Paz (the type) i, San Jacinto, Yungas of Cochabamba i. Peru: Santo Domingo i. • I am very doubtful about the propriety of separating this genus from Pseudo- triccus. The only divergency of importance that I can discover is the decidedly slenderer bill with less bulging edges and pale colored lower mandible. b It appears to me impossible to maintain the form haplopteryx, tentatively proposed by Berlepsch and Stolzmann. While the type (from Maraynioc) is dis- 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 343 Genus HEMITRICCUS Cabanis and Heine-. Hemitriccus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Heine., 2, p. 52, 1859 — type by mono- typy Muscicapa diops TEMMINCK. Hemitriccus diops diops (TemmincK). TEMMINCK'S PYGMY TYRANT. Muscicapa diops TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 24, pi. 144, fig. i, July 1822 — "Bre"sil"= Ypanema, Prov. Sao Paulo, coll. Nattererb. Euscarthmus vilis BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 490, 1856 — "In der Provinz Rio de Janeiro and sud warts bis nach Montevideo" (type from "Montevideo"6 in Berlin Museum examined). Hemitriscus (sic) Salvadorianus BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 123, 1901 — Alto Parana, 26° lat. south, Paraguayd. Hemitriccus diops PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 103, 1868 — Ypanema, Sao Paulo, and Curytiba, Parana (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 91, 1888 — Brazil; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 270, 1907 — Ypiranga6, Alto da Serra6, Iguap6, Itarar6e, Est. Sao Paulo, and Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 326, 1910 — Alto Parand (ex BERTONI); HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 133, 1915 — Braco do Sul, near Victoria, Espirito Santo (range, excl. Itatiaya; crit.). Hemitriccus vilis IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 270, 1902 — part, Ypiranga (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 6, p. 324, 1905 — Paraguay. Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Espirito Santo tinctly larger and of somewhat duller coloration, an adult bird from Sandillani (Bolivia) hardly differs from Bogota skins by slightly paler rufous head. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 5, Cocal 2, west of Popayan i. Ecuador: Mindo i, Gualea i. Peru: Maraynioc i. Bolivia: Sandillani i. a This genus comes very close to Euscarthmornis, but may be distinguished by its proportionately longer tail, the feathers of which are somewhat broader and slightly pointed at the tip, and by the fourth primary (from without), in the adult male, being distinctly shortened, so as to fall between the third and fifth quill. b Temminck's description was based, as results from the records of the Vienna Museum, upon examples obtained by Natterer. Of the eight original skins, seven are still extant, five from Ypanema and two from Curytiba, and one of the former has a label bearing in Temminck's own handwriting "Muscicapa diops TEMMINCK, PI. col. 144, fig. i." It is no doubt one of those forwarded to Temminck and possibly the actual type. All of Natterer's specimens are referable to the same species as the type of E. vilis BURMEISTER, with which they were directly compared, and totally different from Guracava difficilis IHERING and IHERING. Temminck's figure is rather poor, the back being much too green and the buffy orbital ring demeasurably exag- gerated. 0 The type, said to have been obtained at "Montevideo" by the traveller Sellow, agrees with Natterer's specimens from Ypanema. The locality is unquestionably erroneous. d "An authentic specimen received from A. Bertoni and forwarded to my inspection by H. von Ihering is essentially like an example from Ypanema, coll. Natterer' ' (Count Berlepsch in litt!). 8 Specimens in Museu Paulista examined. 344 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. and Rio de Janeiro (Serra dos Orgaos) to Parana, and adjacent portion of Paraguay (Alto Parana) ». Hemitriccus diops obsoletus (Miranda)*. IT ATI A YA PYGMY TYRANT. Musciphaga obsoleta MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 13, p. 21, 1906 — Caminho de Couto, Itatiaya, Brazil0; HELLMAYR, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, p. 76, 1907 (crit. ;= Hemitriccus diops). Hemitriccus diops (not of TEMMINCK) HELLMAYR, Verb. Orn. Ges. Bay., 15, p. 133. 1915 — part, Itatiaya. Hemitriccus obsoletus MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 251, 254, 1923 — Itatiaya. Range: Southeastern Brazil, Province of Rio de Janeiro (Serra do Itatiaya) . *Hemitriccus diops flammulatus Berlepsch*. FLAMMULATED PYGMY TYRANT. •Two males from near Victoria (Espirito Santo), seven skins from Colonia Al- pina, Serra dos Orgaos secured by E. A. Goeldi, and a series from various places in State of Sao Paulo, including five from Ypanema (coll. Natterer) and one female from Ypiranga (Coll. Berlepsch ex Museu Paulista, No. 428. May 31, 1899. J. Lima) agree very well together, having the upper parts of a dull greenish olive, the throat as well as the chest (separated from each other, in the middle, by a whitish jugular patch) grayish brown, with a slight vinaceous tinge, and the median portion of the abdomen distinctly whitish. A second specimen from Ypiranga (Museu Paulista, No. 146, 9, July 27, 1898. Pinder), mentioned by Ihering s.n. H. vilis (I.e.), is more brownish throughout and closely approaches the Itatiaya form ob- soletus. Two skins from Curytiba, Parand are very similar, though not quite so brownish above, but differ from all the others by lacking the whitish zone in the middle of the abdomen. The sexes of this species do not differ in coloration. Material examined. — Espirito Santo: BraQO do Sul, near Victoria 2. Rio de Janeiro: Petropolis i, Therezopolis i, Colonia Alpina, Serra dos Orgaos 7. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 5, Victoria 3, Alambary i, Ypiranga 2, Alto da Serra 2, ItararS i. Parana: Curytiba 2. "Montevideo" (type of E. vilis BURMEISTER) i. b Hemitriccus diops obsoletus (MIRANDA) : Similar to H. d. diops, but upper parts brownish (instead of greenish) olive; loral spot tawny buff instead of pale yellowish or buffy; cheeks and auriculars much more brownish; throat and chest wood brown instead of grayish brown; jugular patch and middle of belly decidedly buffy; flanks and under tail-coverts more buffy yellow. Wing (male) 57-59, (female) 53-555 tail 52-54, (female) 44-47. Five specimens from the Itatiaya show this form to be separable after all, though the differences are bridged over by individual variation in the typical race, as pointed out in the preceding footnote. It is obviously a local form restricted to the Serra of Itatiaya. c A colored sketch of the type for which I am indebted to Dr. H. von Ihering agrees perfectly with specimens collected by H. Luderwaldt and Ernst G. Holt. d Hemitriccus diops flammulatus BERLEPSCH: Nearly allied to H. diops diops, but bill much wider; upper parts somewhat duller green; throat white, with grayish brown streaks; breast flammulated with grayish brown and whitish; axillars, under wing-coverts, and edge of wing brighter lemon yellow. Wing (male) 55-58, (female) 51; tail 46-49, (female) 42. Material examined. — Bolivia: San Mateo 4, Rio Surutu 2, Buenavista 4. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 345 Hemitriccus flammulatus BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 49, p. 87, 1901 — San Mateo, Yungas of Cochabamba, Bolivia (type examined). Euscarthmus viridescens TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, p. 169, 1915 — Rio Surutu, Bolivia (type examined). Range : Yungas of Bolivia, in depts. Cochabamba and Santa Cruz. 4: Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 4). Genus POGONOTRICCUS Cabanis and Heine. Pogonotriccus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 54, 1859 — type by mono- typy Muscicapa eximia TEMMINCK. Eupsilostoma SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 69, 1860 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa eximia TEMMINCK. *Pogonotriccus eximius (Temminck). NATTERER'S BRISTLE -TYRANT. Muscicapa eximia TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. Col., livr. 24, pi. 144, fig. 2, 1822 — "Bre"sil," coll. Natterer = Ypanema, State of Sao Paulo. Hapalocercus albifrons BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 121, 1901 — Alto Parand, Paraguay. Euscarthmus eximius BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 429, 1856 — Novo Friburgo, Rio (spec, in Halle Museum examined). Pogonotriccus eximius PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 103, 1868 — Ypanema, Sao Paulo (spec, examined) ; idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 292, 1874 — Novo Friburgo; SCLATER Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 98, 1888 — Ypanema; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Novo Friburgo and Cantagallo, Rio; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 274, 1907 — Alto da Serra, Campinas, Rio Feio, Piquete, Avanhandava (Sao Paulo), Ourinho (Parana), Puerto Bertoni (Paraguay) ; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 580 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 329, 1910 — Alto Parana; idem, I.e., 23, p. 336, 1912 — Mburero and Paso Yuvay, Paraguay; idem, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 341, 1914 — Bonpland, Misiones; BER- TONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Puerto Bertoni and Iguazu, Paraguay. Pogonotriccus albifrons BERTONI, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 17, p. 223, 1913 — Para- guay (crit.). Range: Southeastern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro south to Parand; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones)". 2: Argentina (Puerto Segundo, Misiones 2). ^Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus Taczanowskib. PERUVIAN BRISTLE-TY- RANT. • Careful comparison of seven Paraguayan skins (albifrons) with Natterer's original series from Ypanema demonstrated their absolute identity. Material examined. — Brazil: Novo Friburgo 2, Ypanema, Sao Paulo 8. Para- guay: Sapucay 7, Puerto Bertoni i. Argentina: Puerto Segundo, Misiones 2. b Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus TACZANOWSKI: Differs from P. eximius by larger size; by lacking the yellowish green patch on the anterior crown; by having the 346 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 135 — Amable Maria, Dept. Junin, Peru; idem, I.e., p. 535 — Amable Maria and Ropaybam- ba; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Huambo (spec, examined); idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 250, 1884 — Amable Maria, Ropaybamba, Huambo; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 89 — Mapoto and Machay, Ecuador (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 98, 1888 — Ropaybamba, Huambo, Ma- chay; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 362 — La Gloria, Vitoc, Peru; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 703 — Pichincha and Coraz6n, Ecuador (spec, examined); HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 77, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo, Venezuela; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 446, 1917 — Salencio, Salento, and Rio Toche' (Central Andes), Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Cerro Munchique, and Gallera (Western Andes); LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Arch. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 73, 1922 — Niebli, Ecuador. Leptopogon godmani SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 48 — Sarayacu, Ecuador (types in British Museum examined ;=juv.); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 116, 1888 — Sarayacu; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 322, 1906 (crit.). Pogonotriccus alleni OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 65, 1902 — Rio Cauca, Colombia (type in American Museum of Nat. History examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 243, 1913 (crit., var., meas., range). Range : Andes of northwestern Venezuela (Cumbre de Valencia, in State of Carabobo), Colombia (except Santa Marta district), Ecuador, and Peru (south to Dept. Junin). 7: Peru (Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco 5); Colombia (Gallera i, El Roble, Quindio Andes i). Pogonotriccus gualaquizae Sclater*. GUALAQUIZA BRISTLE -TYRANT. Pogonotriccus gualaquizae TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885 — Mapoto, Ecuador (nom. nudum); SCLATER, I.e., 1887, p. 48 — Gualaquiza, median and greater upper wing-coverts conspicuously edged with olive yellow, the upper throat decidedly whitish, the back of a purer, less yellowish green, etc. Wing (male) 58-63, (female) 54-56; tail 52-57, (female) 48-50; bill 9-10. Birds from Colombia and Venezuela average rather lighter, but the difference is too slight and variable to warrant the recognition of a northern race for which the name alleni would be available. Besides, specimens from Ecuador (godmani) are variously intermediate, some being much like the Peruvian, others almost indis- tinguishable from the Venezuelan bird. Topotypical skins from Junin, which we have not seen, are stated to be paler and less olivaceous below (Berlepsch in litt.). Material examined. — Peru: Huachipa 2, Huambo 2. Ecuador: Sarayacu 2, Pichincha 2, Coraz6n 2, Mapoto i, Machay i. Colombia: "Bogota" i, Gallera i, El Roble i, Rio Cauca i, Primavera, Cauca i. Venezuela: Cumbre de Valencia 3. • Pogonotriccus gualaquizae SCLATER: Not unlike P. opthalmicus, but consider- ably smaller; bill shorter, with lower mandible dusky brown; crown mainly oliva- ceous, only on anterior portion tinged with dark slate gray; superciliaries pure white, not edged with black; no white mottling on sides of neck; back darker olive green; breast paler, more grayish olive, flammulated with yellow. Wing (one male) 54, (two females) 48, 49; tail 50, (female) 44, 47; bill 8-9. Material examined. — Gualaquiza 2, Mapoto i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 347 Ecuador (types in British Museum examined); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 99, 1888 — Gualaquiza; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H., 55, p. 494, 1926 — Zamora. Range: Eastern Ecuador (Gualaquiza, Mapoto, Zamora). Pogonotriccus ottonis Berlepsch*. OTTO'S BRISTLE-TYRANT. Pogonotriccus ottonis BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 49, p. 89, 1901 — Songo, Yungas of La Paz, Bolivia (type examined). Range: Western Bolivia (Songo, Yungas of La Paz) and south- eastern Peru (Marcapata, Dept. Cuzco). ^Pogonotriccus poecilotis (Sclater)b. VARIEGATED BRISTLE-TYRANT. Leptopogon poecilotis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1862, p. m — Bogota (type in British Museum examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 512 — Con- cordia, Antioquia; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 89 — Machay (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 116, 1888 — Bogota, Concordia; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — Pichincha, Ecuador (spec, examined). Pogonotriccus poecilotis CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 446, 1917 — San Antonio, Cerro Munchique (Western Andes), Miraflores, Salento, Rio Toch£, La Candela (Central Andes), Aguadita, near Bogota, Colombia. Range: Subtropical Zone of the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador0. i: Colombia (Cerro Munchique, coast range west of Popayan i). Pogonotriccus orbitalis (CabanisY. SPECTACLED BRISTLE-TYRANT. • Pogonotriccus ottonis BERLEPSCH: Nearly allied to P. ophthalmicus, but back of a much brighter, fresher green; median and greater upper wing-coverts largely tipped with pale yellow (like P. venezuelanus) , forming two cross bars; under parts grayish white, only flanks and tail-coverts slightly tinged with pale yellowish. Wing (two males) 60, 62, (four females) 54-55; tail 54, 56, (female) 50-52; bill 9-10^. Specimens from Marcapata have the belly more yellowish (with a slight oliva- ceous wash on the chest) than the type from Songo. This species which may be merely a race of P. opththalmicus mimics in coloration Leptopogon superciliaris albidiventer to remarkable perfection. It is, however, easily distinguished by smaller size, much shorter, strongly ridged bill, and several other structural details. Material examined. — Bolivia: Songo (the type) i. Peru: Marcapata, alt. 1000 metr., Dept. Cuzco 5, all in the Berlepsch Collection. b This and the three next species are very difficult to place, as pointed out else- where (Nov. Zool., 21, p. 174, 1914), and their present assignment must be regarded as provisional. They differ from the typical members of the genus by somewhat slenderer, less strongly ridged bill, decidedly weaker legs and feet, and narrower rectrices. In these points, they closely approach Leptotriccus which, however, has fewer rictal bristles, more elongated crown feathers, more roundish nostrils, etc. "Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 6, Concordia i. Ecuador: Machay 2, "Pichincha" i. d Pogonotriccus orbitalis (CABANIS) : Nearest to, and agreeing, with P. vene- zuelanus in sulphur yellow wing bands, but readily distinguished by much darker 348 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Capsiempis orbitalis CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 68, 1873 — Monterico, Dept. Ayacucho (type in Warsaw Museum examined); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lend., 1874, p. 536 — Monterico; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 250, 1884 — Monterico and Amable Maria ;ScLATER, Cat. B.Brit. Mus., 14, p. 121, 1888 (ex CABANIS). Pogonotriccus orbitalis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 173, 1914 — Monterico, and San Gaban, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru (crit.); idem, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 50, 1920 — San Gabari; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H., 55, p. 493, 1926 — Rio Suno and below San Jos6, Ecuador. Range: Tropical Zone of eastern Ecuador (Rio Suno, below San Jose) and Peru, in depts. Junin (Amable Maria), Ayacucho (Monte- rico), and Puno (San Gaban, Sierra of Carabaya). Pogonotriccus venezuelanus Berlepsch*. VENEZUELAN BRISTLE-TYRANT. Pogonotriccus venezuelanus BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 357, 1907 — "Puerto Cabello," Venezuela (type in Berlepsch Collection examined) ; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 76, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia (crit.). Leptopogon tristis (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 118, 1888 — part, spec, a (examined). Range: Subtropical Zone of northwestern Venezuela (Cumbre de Valencia, State of Carabobo) . Pogonotriccus flaviventris (Harteri)b. YELLOW-BELLIED BRISTLE -TY- RANT. (slate gray rather than cinereous) crown ; deep olive green (instead of light grass green) back ; deeper yellow under parts, washed with olivaceous on sides of throat, cheeks and chest; dusky brown instead of flesh color legs and feet; finally by lacking the large, semilunar, black patch on the auriculars, there being in its stead but a few small dusky olive apical spots. Wing (one male, the type) 55^2, (female, San Ga- ban) 49; tail 46, (female) 41; bill 10. The bill is slightly slenderer and shorter than in P. venezuelanus, agreeing in shape closely with that of P. poecilotis; the lower mandible is whitish as in the allied species. From P. poecilotis the present bird differs chiefly by narrower, pale yellow (instead of deep ochraceous) wing bands, pale yellow (instead of white) lores and cheeks, darker gray crown, yellow chin, and by lacking the semilunar auricular patch and the whitish suffusion in the postocular region. ''Pogonotriccus venezuelanus BERLEPSCH: Superficially resembling P. ophthal- micus, but much smaller in all dimensions, legs and toes much weaker and flesh color instead of blackish brown; under parts much paler yellow, without any white on chin or olivaceous on chest; lores, superciliaries, and subocular region more yellowish white; median and greater upper wing-coverts largely tipped with pale yellow, form- ing two well-defined cross bands, etc. Wing (male) 53-54, (female) 47-49; tail 49-51, (female) 42-46; bill 9>£-io. Material examined. — Cumbre de Valencia 7, "Puerto Cabello" (the type) i, unspecified i. b Pogonotriccus flaviventris (HARTERT) : Similar to P. venezuelanus in structure, coloration of under parts, and wing markings; but upper parts much darker green, with the crown but slightly duller than the back, not slate gray; lores, orbital ring, and superciliaries (in anteocular portion) cinnamon rufous; cheeks black like the auriculars, the latter washed with cinnamon buff in the middle; feet blackish brown 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 349 Leptotriccus flaviventris HARTERT, Bull. B. O. C., 7, p. V, 1897 — Merida (type) and Ejido, Merida, Venezuela (spec, examined). Range: Northwestern Venezuela, in State of MeYida (Ejido, M£rida) and Dept. Federal Occidental (Loma Redonda, north coast mountains, near Caracas)8. Genus LEPTOTRICCUS Cabanis and Heine*-. Leptotriccus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 54, 1859 — type by orig. desig. Leptotriccus sylviolus CABANIS and HEINE. Phyttooecia BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 120, 1901 — type Phyllooecia chloroleuca BERTONI. Leptotriccus sylviolus Cabanis and Heine. WOOD-TYRANT. Leptotriccus sylviolus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 54, 1859 — Brazil (type in Berlin Museum examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 325, 1905 — Paraguay; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 275, 1907 — Brazil and Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 329, 1910 — Alto Parana. Phyllooecia chloroleuca BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 120, 1901 — Alto Parana, lat. 25° 47', Paraguay. Leptotriccus sylviola SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 99, 1888 — Brazil; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Paraguay. Range : Southeastern Brazil (in State of Rio de Janeiro) and Para- guay (Puerto Bertoni, Alto Parana)0. instead of flesh color. Wing 52-56, (female) 48-49; tail 50-55, (female) 46-47; bill 9K-ioX. Material examined. — Venezuela: M6rida (the type) i, Ejido i, Loma Redonda, Caracas region 8. 8 An adult male of what will doubtless prove to be an undescribed form was obtained by Otto Garlepp at Marcapata, Peru, alt. 1000 metr., on November 3, 1899, and is preserved in the Berlepsch Collection (collector's No. 1398). It differs from P. flaviventris by more extensive and deeper rufous color about the head, slaty crown, nearly uniform cinnamon buff sides of the head, and blackish lower man- dible. b Leptotriccus is closely allied to Phylloscartes, but has a shorter, wider bill with fewer, softer rictal bristles, more lengthened crown feathers, a more rounded wing, and much slenderer, weaker legs and toes. It is also related to Pogonotriccus, but may be distinguished by narrower bill, much lesser development of rictal bristles, roundish (instead of slit-like) nostrils, etc. c An authentic specimen of P. chloroleuca from Puerto Bertoni in the Museu Paulista (No. 3199), communicated by Dr. H. von Ihering, agrees well with birds from Rio. MEASUREMENTS WING TAIL Four (unsexed) adults from Rio de Janeiro 46^, 48,48,52 }4 44,45,46,51 One (unsexed) adult from Puerto Bertoni $\% 52 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Genus PHYLLOSCARTES Cabanis and Heine. PhyUoscartes CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 52, 1859 — type by mono- typy Mvscicapa ventralis TEMMINCK. Guracava IHERING and IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 271, 1907 — type by mono- typy Guracava difficilis IHERING and IHERING. *Phylloscartes ventralis ventralis (Temminck). YELLOW-BELLIED PHYLLOSCARTES. Muscicapa ventralis TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PL col., livr. 46, pi. 275, fig. 2, May 1824 — "Bre'sil," coll. Natterer=Ypanema, State of Sao Paulo. PhyUoscartes ventralis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 102, 1868 — Ypanema and Cime- terio [do Lambari] (Sao Paulo), Curytiba (Parana) (spec, examined); idem, Nunq. otios, 2, p. 292, 1874 — Novo Friburgo, Rio; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 198, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 131, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, exam- ined); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 137, 1888 — Entrerios (ex BAR- ROWS); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 92, 1888 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 186, 1899 — Iguap£ and Sao Paulo (spec, examined); idem, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — [Taquara do] Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Novo Friburgo; MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 13, p. 183, 1906 — Retire do Ramos, Itatiaya; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 272, 1907 — Ypiranga, Itatiba, Jundiahy, Iguape", Itarar6 (Sao Paulo), Itatiaya (Minas); LUDERWALDT, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 27, p. 353, 1909 — Itatiaya; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 579 — Sapucay, Paraguay; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Scient. Varsovie, 5, p. 480, 497, 1912 — Vera Guarany, Parana; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., P- 55» 1914 — Mondaih, Paraguay. Phyttoscartes ventralis ventralis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 322, 1906 (range); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 326, 1910 — Entrerios. Philoscartes ventralis MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 254, 1923 — Itatiaya. Leptopogon tristis (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 606 — San Javier, Misiones; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 144, 1888 — part, San Javier. Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil (from Rio de Janeiro south to Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay, Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina (prov. Misiones and Entrerios) ». 7: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio 2); Argentina, Misiones (Eldorado i, Rio Paranay i, Caraguatay i); Uruguay (Quebrada de los Cuervos 2). •Material examined. — Brazil, Rio: Therezopolis 2. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 4, Lambari i, Iguap6 i, Itarar6 2, Itatiba i, Ypiranga i. Parana: Curytiba 2, Roca Nova, Serra do Mar 2. Rio Grande do Sul: Taquara do Mundo Novo 3, Sao Lourenco 2. Argentina: Misiones 3. Uruguay 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLMAYR. 351 ^Phylloscartes ventralis angustirostris (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny)*. SLENDER-BILLED PHYLLOSCARTES. Muscicapa angustirostris LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 52, 1837 — Yungas, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara angustirostris D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. mend., Ois., p. 325, 1839 — Yungas of La Paz. Leptopogon tristis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 254 — Simacu, Bolivia (type in British Museum examined) ; WHITE, I.e., 1882, p. 606 — part, Sierra de Totoral, Catamarca; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 144, 1888 — part, Bolivia and Catamarca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 118, 1888 — part, spec, b, Simacu. Phylloscartes ventralis (not of TEMMINCK) LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 184, 1902 — Cerro de Tafi Viejo, Tucuman; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Quebrada de las Piedras, Tucuman; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Oran, Salta; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — Cerro de Tafi Viejo. Phylloscartes ventralis angustirostris HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 321, 1906 — Yungas, Simacu and Samaipata (Bolivia), Chachapoyas (Peru), and Tucu- man (crit., range); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 486, 1907 (crit.); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 195, 1909 — Tafi Viejo, Quebrada de las Piedras, Villa Nougues, and San Pablo, Tucuman (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 326, 1910 — part, Oran, Tucuman, Catamarca; DINELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 292, 1919 — Tucuman (nest and eggs descr.); GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 92, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba Valley; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 183, 1925 — Yungas (crit.). Range: Subtropical zone of Peru (from Dept. Amazonas south), Bolivia (depts. La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz), and north- western Argentina (prov. Salta, Tucuman, Catamarca and La Rioja). 9: Peru (ten miles east of Molinopampa, Dept. Amazonas 2; Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco 3); Argentina (Concepcion, Tucuman 4). Phylloscartes ventralis flavovirens ( Lawrence) b. YELLOW-GREEN PHYL- LOSCARTES. • Phylloscartes ventralis angustirostris (LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) : Similar to P. v. ventralis, but somewhat duller green above, the forehead decidedly tinged with grayish; wing bands on average slightly wider; lower parts rather paler yellow; upper throat (or chin) more whitish; size generally larger. Wing (male) 55-58, (female) 50-53; tail 52-59; bill (average) n. Birds from Peru are apparently inseparable from those of more southern localities. Material examined. — Peru: Chachapoyas i, Molinopampa 2, Chinchao 3. Bolivia: Yungas of La Paz (the type) i, Simacu i, Songo, Dept. La Paz 2, Samaipata 3. Argentina, Prov. Tucuman: Quebrada de las Piedras 2, San Pablo i, Villa Nougues i, Cerro de Tucuman i, near Tucuman 3, Concepcion 4. b Phylloscartes ventralis flavovirens (LAWRENCE) : The type (and only known specimen) resembles P. v. angustirostris, but the throat is a little more FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Leptopogon flavovirens LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 472, 1862 — Panama Railroad (type in American Museum of Natural History examined) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 119, 1888 — Panama (ex LAWRENCE); SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 25,1888 (ex LAW- RENCE); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 467, 1907 — Panama. Range: Panama (near Panama City). Phylloscartes ventralis virescens Todd*. GREENISH PHYLLOSCARTE s. Phyttoscartes virescens TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 95, 1925 — Pied Saut, Oyapock, French Guiana (type in Carnegie Museum examined). Range : French and British Guiana. Phylloscartes paulistus Ihering and Iheringb. SAN PAULO PHYLLO- SCARTES. Phylloscartes paulista IHERING and IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i. p. 272, 1907 — Fazenda Cayod, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema (type) and Victoria do Botucatu, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, pi. 4, fig. sup., 1914. Leptotriccus paulista BERTONI, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 17, p. 222, 1913 — northeast- ern Paraguay; idem, Faun. Parag., p. 55, 1914 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay. Range: Southeastern Brazil, in interior of State of Sao Paulo (Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema and Victoria do Botucatu), and Paraguay (Puerto Bertoni, Alto Parana). yellowish, with but little whitish suffusion on the chin, while the pale yellowish markings on the innermost secondaries (tertials) are more extensive, forming distinct edges along the greater part of the outer web instead of restricted apical spots. If the type is correctly sexed as male, this form would appear to be somewhat smaller, too. Wing 54, tail 50, bill 12. • Phylloscartes ventralis virescens TODD: Nearly allied to P. v. ventralis, but larger; upper parts much darker, dull olive green instead of yellowish green ; wing bands some- wnat wider and decidedly paler, almost whitish yellow; pale outer margin of inner- most tertial reaching almost to the base instead of being limited to an apical spot; lores and orbital region more whitish ; under parts much paler, sulphur yellow instead of deep olive yellow. Wing (five males) 57-59, (one female) 51; tail( male) 54, 54, 56, 60, (female) 47; tarsus 15-17; bill io#-i2. Material examined. — French Guiana: Pied Saut, Oyapock 4. British Guiana: Rockstone, Essequibo River i, Potaro Landing i. b Phylloscartes paulistus IHERING and IHERING: Superficially resembling P. v. ventralis, but upper parts of a lighter, purer green; yellowish frontal band and super- ciliaries much more conspicuous and of a brighter tone; dusky auricular patch more pronounced; chin and throat deep yellow like the belly, not suffused with whitish; upper wing-coverts and inner secondaries without distinct yellow apical spots, the innermost tertiary quill only edged with yellowish along the outer web; wing and tail shorter; legs and feet much weaker and flesh color; bill slenderer. Wing (male) 50, (female) 46; tail 46, (female) 44^; tars. 1^-15^; bill 9-9>£- This species, to a certain extent, bridges the gap between the genera Phylloscartes and Leptotriccus, approaching the latter in the slender tarsus and toes, the absence of yellow markings on the wings, and also in the pattern of the innermost tertial. In shape of bill and wings, but slightly elongated crown feathers and general colora- tion, however, it more nearly agrees with Phylloscartes. Material examined. — Brazil, Sao Paulo: Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema (the type) i, Victoria do Botucatu i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 353 Phylloscartes pammictus (Oberholser)*. OBERHOLSER'S PHYLLOSCARTES. Hemil-iccus pammictus OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 35, p. 64, 1902 — South America =Rio (type in U. S. National Museum examined). Range: Southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). Phylloscartes oustaleti (Sdater)b. OUSTALET'S PHYLLOSCARTES. Leptopogon oustaleti SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 47, pi. 9, fig. 2 — "Bogota," errore = Corcovado, Prov. Rio de Janeiro0 (type in Paris Museum examined); • Phylloscartes pammictus (OBERHOLSER) : Similar to P. v. ventralis in wing mark- ings (two light yellow cross bands, formed by the tips of the median and greater wing coverts, and large apical spots of yellowish white on outer web of tertials) and coloration of sides of head (distinct, though yellowish rather than white supraloral streak; dusky anteocular spot; pale olive yellow auriculars, with suggestion of a dusky olive patch on posterior portion); but upper parts more yellowish green (serpentine rather than olive green), and under parts, except on throat and sides, where they are but little paler yellow than in P. v. ventralis, dingy white, obsoletely flammulated with pale brownish buff and pale yellowish on chest; tail relatively shorter; tarsi and toes much more slender and weaker, flesh color instead of blackish. Wing (the unsexed type) 50; tail 47; tarsus 15^; bill 10. The type, a skin of the well-known "Rio" make was, no doubt, obtained some- where in the vicinity of the Brazilian capital. In proportions and delicate feet this species obviously agrees with P. paulistus (although direct comparison has not been possible), but differs markedly by the whitish (instead of yellow) median under parts and the possession of large pale yellow apical spots on wing-coverts and ter- tials, not to mention several minor features. Shape and coloration of bill (lower mandible pale with dusky apical portion) as well as wing formula and form of rec- trices are essentially the same as in P. ventralis, as far as this can be ascertained from the unique type specimen which is in rather poor state of preservation. b Phylloscartes oustaleti (SCLATER) : Upper parts light dull olivaceous green ; wing coverts, quills, and rectrices dusky, edged with color of back; the innermost tertial with suggestion of a yellowish apical spot; frontal edge and lores pale yellow- ish, the latter tipped with dusky; cheeks and auriculars pale yellow (slightly deeper than lores), posterior portion of auriculars occupied by a large semi-lunar patch of blackish, succeeded by a pale yellow stripe; broad orbital ring bright yellow, widening posteriorly into a somewhat paler postocular spot; malar region olive, tipped with paler; under parts pale olive yellowish, tinged with grayish olive on chest and sides; axillars, under wing coverts, and edge of wing pale yellow, inner margin of remiges whitish; tarsus and toes flesh color; bill blackish brown, lower mandible yellowish white. Wing 61-64; tail 59-63; tarsus 17-18; bill \\%-\2%. The generic position of this well-marked species is somewhat uncertain. In general structure it agrees pretty closely with P. ventralis, but the markings on the sides of the head suggest affinities to Leptopogon, while the light-colored mandible recalls Pogonotriccus. The lack of conspicuous markings on the wing and the flesh- colored feet bring it into the neighborhood of P. paulistus which, however, is a much smaller bird with much deeper yellow under parts. Material examined. — In addition to the type, there is a second specimen in the Paris Museum, secured by Me"n6tries in 1824 near Rio de Janeiro, and a third exam- ple, likewise from Rio, now in the Vienna Museum, I purchased from a dealer at Paris. The Munich Museum possesses an adult male, obtained by J. Lima at Alto da Serra, Est. Sao Paulo, on August 23, 1904, and received in exchange from Dr. H. von Ihering, and a fifth specimen (from Iguape", Sao Paulo) was forwarded for my inspection by the Museu Paulista. 8 Although the type is without original label, there can be little doubt that it was obtained near Rio de Janeiro by the French naturalist Galot. The Paris Museum has a number of skins showing the same peculiar "make" as the type, marked "Corcovado, Bre'sil, 1827. M. Galot." 354 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 118, 1888 — "Colombia"; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 349, 1905 — Iguape", S§o Paulo (spec, examined); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 277, 1907 — Iguap6 and Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo (spec, examined). Phylloscartes oustaleti BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 486, 1907 (crit.). Range : Southeastern Brazil, in states of Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado) and Sao Paulo (Iguape", Alto da Serra). Phylloscartes difficilis (Ihering and Ihering)*. IHERING'S PHYLLO- SCARTES. Guracava difficilis IHERING and IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 270, 1907 — Campos do Itatiaya, Brazil (type examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, pi. 4, fig. inf., 1914. Hemitriccus diops (not of TEMMINCK) IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 185, 1899 — Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo (spec, examined) ; MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 24, p. 254, 1923 — Retiro do Ramos and Caminho do Couto, Itatiaya. Hemitriccus vilis (not of BURMEISTER) IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 270, 1902 — part, Alto da Serra (spec, examined). Musciphaga diops (not of TEMMINCK) MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 13, p. 183, 1906 — Caminho do Couto, Itatiaya. Range: Southeastern Brazil, in states of Rio de Janeiro (Serra do Itatiaya) and Sao Paulo (Alto da Serra, Serra do Mar). Genus CAPSIEMPIS Cabanis and Heine. Capsiempis CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 56, 1859 — type by orig. desig. M uscicapa flaveola LICHTENSTEIN. a Phylloscartes difficilis (IHERING and IHERING) : Nearly related to P. v. ventralis, but upper parts of a much brighter oily green; wing coverts and inner secondaries margined with the color of the back, without trace of the well-defined pale yellow apical spots; supra-loral streak much broader and more whitish; markings on sides of head very similar, but the pale mottling and streaking white instead of pale yellow; throat and breast pale grayish, mottled with white» passing into creamy white on the abdomen; sides of breast and flanks washed with light greenish; under tail- coverts pale yellow ; lower mandible blackish, with basal half only horn color. Sexes alike in coloration. Wing (male) 55-57. (female) 50-52; tail 56-58, (female) 50-53; bill lo-n. On careful reexamination, I am unable to separate this bird generically from Phylloscartes. The only structural differences I can find are the slightly longer, less rigid rictal bristles, the more strongly ridged culmen, and the slightly weaker (slen- derer) legs and feet. In this last-named character, P. paulistus, which agrees with P. difficilis in the absence of yellow markings on the wings, is even more divergent. An immature specimen, obtained by H. Pinder on July 21, 1898, at Alto da Serra (Serra do Mar), State of Sao Paulo (Museu Paulista, No. 128) agrees with the type in coloration, but is smaller in all dimensions. It was at first referred by Ihering to H. vilis (= diops). Material examined. — Rio de Janeiro: Campos do Itatiaya (type of species) i, Serra do Itatiaya 3. Sao Paulo: Alto da Serra i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 355 *Capsiempis flaveola flaveola (Lichtenstein} . YELLOW TYRANT. Muscicapa fiaveola LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 56, 1823 — Bahia. Platyrhynchus ftaviventer SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 12, pi. 15, fig. i, 1825 — Rio de Janeiro (type in Munich Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 645, 1906 (crit.). Tyrannula modesta SWAINSON, Orn. Draw., Part 4, pi. 48, 1836 (?) — no locality given. Muscicapa ventralis (not of TEMMINCK) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 53, 1837 — Guarayos, Bolivia (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara ventralis D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. mend., Ois., p. 328, 1839 — Guarayos. Muscipeta flaveola, BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 488, 1856 — Novo Friburgo. Phylloscartes ventralis (errore) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 577 — Mexiana Isl. (spec, examined); SALVIN, Cat. Strickl. Coll., p. 304, 1882 — Rio Tocantins. Capsiempis flaveola PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 104, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro and Sapitiba (Rio), Ypanema (Sao Paulo), and Goyaz (spec, examined); REIN- HARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 349 — Lapa Vermelha and Rio de Janeiro; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 120, 1888 — part, spec, g-o, Cayenne, Mexiana, Bahia, Bolivia; (?) PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa, Bermudez; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo, Rio; (?) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 41, 1902 — Caicara, Capu- chin, Maipures, and Altagracia, Rio Orinoco, and La Pricion, Caura, Venezuela; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., x, p. 277, 1907 — Jaboticabal, Rincao, and Bebe- douro (Sao Paulo), Bahia, Espirito Santo, and Puerto Bertoni (Paraguay); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 469, 1907 — part; BERTONI, Rev. Inst. Parag., 1907, p. — [sep. p. 4] — Alto Parana; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., J5» P- I33» I9°8 — Approuague, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 501, 1908 — Goyana, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 526, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 582 — Sapucay, Paraguay; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 405, 1914 — Rio Tocantins (Arumatheua), Rio Iriri (Santa Julia), Rio Tapaj6z (Goyana), Rio Maecuru, Obidos, Rio Jamunda (Faro); (?) CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 226, 1916 — Orinoco valley from Las Barrancas in the delta to above the falls of Maipures; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 175, 1921 — Takutu Mts., British Guiana. Capsiempis flaveola flaveola HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 645, 1906 (range, char.,); idem, I.e., 26, No. 2, p. 106, 119, 1912 — Faz. Nazareth, Mexiana; idem, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 186, 1925 — Guarayos, Bolivia (crit.); (?) HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 164, 1912 — San Esteban, Venezuela. Range: Brazil, from the confines of Guiana south to Goiaz, Rio de Janeiro, and Sao Paulo; Paraguay; eastern Bolivia (Guarayos); British 356 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. and French Guiana; (?) Venezuela (Cumanacoa, Bermudez; Orinoco- Caura basin; San Esteban, Carabobo)*. 2: Brazil (Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco 2). Capsiempis flaveola magnirostris Hartertb. LARGE-BILLED YELLOW TYRANT. Capsiempis flaveola magnirostris HARTERT, Nov. Zool, 5, p. 487, 1898 — Chimbo, Ecuador (type examined); HELLMAYR, Abhandl 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 646, 1906 (crit.). Capsiempis flaveola (not of LICHTENSTEIN) BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 554 — Chimbo; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 90 — Yaguachi; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 120, 1888 — part, spec, e, Babahoyo. Capsiempis flaveola subsp. magnirostris SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 7, 1899 — Balzar. Range: Southwestern Ecuador, in Province of Guayas (Chimbo, Yaguachi, Babahoyo, Balzar)0. *Capsiempis flaveola leucophrys Berlepsch*. WHITE-LORED YELLOW TYRANT. Capsiempis leucophrys BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 360, 1907 — Bogota (type ex- amined). • Birds from eastern Bolivia (Guarayos) are apparently the same as those from Brazil, and a single specimen from French Guiana (Rio Approuague) does not seem to differ either. The inhabitants of Venezuela are difficult to allocate. They are decidedly larger (wing 52^-56, against 45-51) and have a stronger bill, agreeing in proportions with C. f. leucophrys, but the superciliaries and chin are not so whitish as in the latter, though paler than in typical flaveola. In coloration they come pretty close to C. f. magnirostris, but have longer wings and tail. More satisfactory material might lead to their separation. Material examined. — Brazil, Sao Paulo: Ypanema i, Victoria 2; Goyaz i; Rio de Janeiro 3 ; Bahia 7 ; Mexiana 2 ; Rio Branco 2. French Guiana: Rio Approuague i. Bolivia: Guarayos 2. Venezuela: Caicara, Rio Orinoco i; San Esteban, Carabobo 2. b Capsiempis flaveola magnirostris HARTERT: Similar in size to C. f. flaveola except for its larger bill; frontal edge and superciliaries paler yellowish. Wing (male) 51, (female) 48; tail 46-48; bill 12. Two specimens from Chimbo examined. aThe late Count Berlepsch (Ornis, 14, p. 361, 1917) refers a Bogota skin in his collection to C. f. magnirostris, but on comparison I find it closely similar to a speci- men from Caicara, Orinoco and am inclined to classify it with the doubtful Venezuelan race. It might have been obtained at the eastern base of the Colombian Andes, around Villavicencio, where we meet with a number of Orinocan forms. d Capsiempis flaveola leucophrys BERLEPSCH: Nearest to C. f. magnirostris, but decidedly larger; frontal edge, supraloral streak, and chin pure white. Wing (male) 54-58#, (female) 51-53; tail 50-56; bill 12. Specimens from Orope and Fundaci6n are not quite so white on the chin as Bogota skins. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota (including the type) 26, Fundaci<5n 2. Venezuela: Orope 2. 1 92 7. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 357 Capsiempis flaveola (not of LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 120, 1888 — part, spec, c, d, Bogota. Capsiempis flaveola leucophrys CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 450, 1917 — Chicoral, Magdalena Valley; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 356, 1922 — Fundaci6n, Santa Marta region. Range: Tropical Zone of Colombia (Fundaci6n, base of Santa Marta Mountains, south to Honda, Magdalena Valley; common in native "Bogota" collections) and adjacent Venezuela (Orope, Rio Zulia, Prov. Zulia). 2: Venezuela (Orope, Zulia 2). *Capsiempis flaveola semiflava (Lawrence)*. LAWRENCE'S YELLOW TYRANT. Elainea ^emiflava LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, "1865," p. 177, 1867 — David, Chiriqui; idem, I.e., p. 182, 1867 — Greytown, Nicaragua; SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, P- 3°9 (crit.). Capsiempis flaveola (not of LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 120, 1888 — part, spec, b, Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.- Amer., Aves, 2, p. 28, 1888 — part, Nicaragua and Panama; RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 505, 1893 — Greytown and Rio Escondido, Nicaragua (habits); CHERRIE, Expl. Zool. Costa Rica, 1890 — 91, p. 32, 1893 — Boruca and Buenos Aires, Costa Rica; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 21, 1900 — Loma del Leon, Panama; THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 218, 1906 — Sabana of Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 469, 1907 — part, Central American references and localities; CAR- RIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 709, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits, nest and eggs descr.); HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 317, 1924 — Farfan and Corozal, Panama. Capsiempis flavicola (lapsu) LANTZ, Trans. Kansas Ac. Sci., 16, p. 223, 1899 — San Juan, Costa Rica. Capsiempis flaveola semiflava HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 646, 1906 (char., range). Range : Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama, east to the Canal Zone. 4: Costa Rica (Buenos Aires 2, El General i); Panama (Colon i). Genus EUSCARTHMUS Wied". • Capsiempis flaveola semiflava (LAWRENCE) : Very similar to C. /. magnirostris, but with slenderer bill; upper parts paler and brighter green; yellow of under parts paler. Material examined. — Costa Rica 13; Chiriqui i; Colon, Panama i. b The systematic position of the genus is quite uncertain. Its taxaspidean tarsus would seem to exclude it from the Tyrannidae, but color pattern, particularly the rufous crown patch points to relationships in this family. Its actions are described as Flycatcher like. Mr. Ridgway suggests Formicariine affinities. Without anatomi- cal investigation it will be difficult to satisfactorily decide the question. 358 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Euscarthmus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 945, 1831 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY*, 1840, p. 32) Euscarthmus meloryphus WIED. Lepturus SWAINSON, Nat. Libr., Orn., 10, (Flycatchers), p. 179, May 1838 — type by monotypy Lepturus ruficeps SWAINSON = Euscarthmus meloryphus WIED. Leptocercus CABANIS in Tschudi, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 164, 1846 — new name for Lepturus SWAINSON. Hapalocercus CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 254, 1847 — new name for Lep- tocercus CABANIS. ^Euscarthmus meloryphus meloryphus Wied. RUFOUS-CROWNED PYGMY TYRANT. Sylvia ruficapittus (not Sylvia ruficapilla LATHAM 1790) VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., xx, p. 179, 1818 — based £. Material examined. — Peru: Anta, Cuzco 5. c Spizitornis reguloides, in spite of the close similarity of females and immature birds in coloration of under parts, is obviously specifically different from 5. flavirostris, the very much larger bill with the entirely pale mandible being its chief character. Besides, the upper parts are black, streaked with white on the back, and the white in the crest is much more extensive, while adult males have the forehead, sides of the head, and throat uniform black. d Tyrannulus albo-cristatus VIGORS (Zool. Journ., 5, p. 273, 1830 — Brazil) = Serpophaga subcristata (VIEILLOT). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 377 1868, p. 569 — Arequipa; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 241, 555, 1884 — part, Tacna, Arequipa, "Catonindos" [ = Catarindos) Valley, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 107, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Arequipa, Islay, and "Calanudos" [ = Catarindos] Valley. Anaeretes reguloides BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 69, 1906 — Pauza Coracora, Ayacucho. Spitzitornis reguloides HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 194, 1925 — Tacna (note on type, range in part). Spizitornis reguloides reguloides CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 188, p. 7, 1924 — Moquegua and Ilo, Prov. Moquegua; Cocachacra, Prov. Arequipa. Range: Littoral and arid western slopes of the Andes of extreme southwestern Peru (in prov. Ayacucho, Arequipa, and Moquegua) and northwestern Chile (Tacna)a. *Spizitornis reguloides albiventris Chapman*. WHITE-BELLIED TIT- LIKE TYRANT. Spizitornis reguloides albiventris CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 7, 1924 — Huaral, Prov. Lima, Peru. Anaeretes albocristatus (not Tyrannulus albo-cristatus VIGORS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 498 — vicinity of Lima; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 535 — Lima; idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 241, 555, 1884 — part, Lima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 107, 1888 — part, spec, f, Lima. Anaeretes reguloides BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 380 — Lima, Callao, lea (crit.). Spizitornis reguloides HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 194, 1925 — part, Lima and lea. Range: Littoral and arid western slopes of the Andes of western Peru, from Dept. lea north to Ancachs (Macate). 7: Peru (Matucana 3, Santa Eulalia, Dept. Lima i ; Macate, Dept. Ancachs 3). *Spizitornis reguloides nigrocristatus (Taczanowski)0. BLACK-CRESTED TIT-LIKE TYRANT. •Material examined. — Chile: Tacna (the type) i. Peru: Moquegua 4. Are- quipa: Arequipa 2, Catarindos Valley i, Islay i. Ayacucho: Pauza (Loichos) i. b Spizitornis reguloides albiventris CHAPMAN: Very close to S. r. reguloides, but abdomen pure white or yellowish white instead of pale (massicot) yellow. Wing (male) 52-53, (female) 50-51; tail 5<>55, (female) 49-50. On comparison of a good series from western Peru, it is undeniable that birds from lea and northwards average whiter underneath. Single specimens, however, are not always distinguishable, the type of C. reguloides (from Tacna) and one of the Arequipa birds being as white-bellied as those from Lima. Material examined. — lea 2; Lima 2, Santa Eulalia i, Macutana 3; Macate, Dept. Ancachs 3. 0 Spizitornis reguloides nigrocristatus (TACZANOWSKI) : Nearly related to S. r. albiventris, but very much larger; crest feathers much more elongated; throat, even 378 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Anaeretes nigrocristatus TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 555, 1884 — Chota, Dept. Cajamarca (cx>type in British Museum examined); SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. ii, 1895 — Cajabamba, Succha, Chusgon, Huamachuco (spec, examined); MENEGAUX, Rev. Prang. Orn., i, No. 21, p. 322, 1910 — Tulpo and Taya- bamba (spec, examined). Anaeretes albocristatus (not Tyrannulus albo-cristatus VIGORS) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 233 — Chota; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 241, 1884 — part, Chota; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 107, 1888 — part, spec, e, Chota. Range: Northern Peru, in depts. Cajamarca (Chota, Cajabamba, Cajamarca) and Libertad (Huamachuco, Succha, Chusgon, Tulpo, Ta3Tabamba)a. 2: Peru (Cajamarca i, Tulpo i). Uromyias genus nov.b Uromyias agilis (Sclater). AGILE TIT-LIKE TYRANT. Euscarthmus agilis SCALTER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, p. 28, pi. 118, 1856 — Bogota (type examined). Anaeretes agilis TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 89 — San Rafael, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 108, 1888 — Bogota; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — eastern slope of Pichincha, Pedregal, and Papallacta, 11,500 ft., Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Airier. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 448, 1917 — Valle de las Pappas and Paramo of Choachi, Colombia; LONN- BERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 73, 1922 — below Nono, Ecuador. Range: Temperate Zone of the Andes of Colombia (except Santa Marta range) and Ecuador0. in the adult male, strongly suffused with white; black pectoral stripes narrower; three (or four) outer pairs of rectrices largely tipped (instead of narrowly edged) with white. Wing (male) 59-62, (female) 58; tail 64-70, (female) 62; bill ii>3-i2. Material examined. — Peru, Dept. Cajamarca: Chota i, Cajabamba 8, Caja- marca 2. Dept. Libertad: Chusgon i, Huamachuco 3, Tulpo i, Tayabamba 2. •A single (female) example from the Hudnuco Mts., in size, development of crest, and extent of white on the outer rectrices, is exactly intermediate between albiventris and nigrocristatus (of northern Peru), but differs from both in pale (mas- sicot) yellow instead of pure white belly. While probably separable as a distinct race, it shows beyond doubt that nigrocristatus should be treated as a subspecies of the reguloides group. b Uromyias genus nov. Nearly related to Spizitornis, but bill much shorter, wider and more depressed; rictal bristles much more developed; crest feathers on apical portion neither atten- uated nor decurved; tail proportionately longer and strongly graduated, the distance between the shortest and longest rectrix being at least equal to length of tarsus; rectrices conspicuously pointed at the tip instead of bluntly rounded. Type Euscarthmus agilis SCLATER. 0 Six specimens from Ecuador (all males) are somewhat larger than three unsexed Bogota skins, but do not differ in coloration. They measure as follows: wing 57-59 (against 52-56); tail 65-69 (against 61^-65). Taczanowski (Orn. PeY., 2, p. 242, 1884) mentions a specimen from Andamarca, Peru, belonging to the Raimondi Collection, which, I have little doubt, will prove to 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 379 Uromyias agraphia (Chapman)*. CHAPMAN'S TIT-LIKE TYRANT. Anaeretes agraphia CHAPMAN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 263, 1919 — above Idma, near Santa Ana, Prov. Convention, Dept. Cuzco, Peru (type examined) ; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 93, 1921 — Idma. Range: Southeastern Peru, Dept. Cuzco (above Idma, 9000 ft.). Genus STIGMATURA Sclater and Salving Stigmatura SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 188 — type Culicivora budytoides LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY. *Stigmatura budytoides budytoides (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). WAG- TAIL-TYRANT. Culicivora budytoides LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 56, 1837 — Valle Grande, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Setophaga budytoides D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me'rid., Ois., p. 330, pi. 36, fig. 2, 1839 — Chaluani Valley, Prov. Mizque. Stigmatura budytoides SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 188 — Ucayali, Peru (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278 — Ucayali; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 104, 1868 — Barra do Rio Jamary, Rio Madeira (spec, ex- amined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 238, 1884 — Ucayali; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 100, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Ucayali and Bolivia (spec, examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 433, 1905 — Rio Jurua; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 275, 1907 — Rio Jurud; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. n, 1907 — Urucurituba, Rio Tapaj6z; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 72, 1910 — Joazeiro and Barrinha, Rio Sao Francisco, Bahia, and Parnagua, Piauhy (spec, examined); SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 524, 1913 — lower Tapaj6z; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 406, 1914 — Pinhel, Rio Tapaj6z. Stigmatura budytoides budytoides HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 292, 1910 — Rio, Jamary; idem, I.e., 32, p. 190, 1925 — Valle Grande (crit., range, meas.). Range : River banks of eastern Ecuador (lower Rio Napo) , eastern Peru (Rio Ucayali), Bolivia (San Jose", Mizque, Dept. Cochabamba; Valle Grande, Olgin, Samaipata Dept. Santa Cruz), and Brazil, in be separable from U. agilis. It is described as being dark brownish gray above with the interscapulars laterally edged with grayish buff, and as having the throat and chest white, streaked with black. a Uromyias agraphia (CHAPMAN): Differs from U. agilis by plain black crest (without any white); uniform brown back (without trace of blackish stripes); con- spicuous white (instead of blackish brown) superciliaries ; absence of black streaks underneath, the throat being white, the chest but obsoletely mottled with grayish; much paler (sulphur yellow) abdomen. Wing 54; tail 62; bill 10. Material examined. — Peru: above Idma (the type) i. b This genus, in general appearance, bears close resemblance to certain Formi- cariidae and possibly belongs to that family (see also Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 339, footnote b). 380 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. states of Amazonas (Rio Jurua, Rio Madeira), Para (Rio Tapaj6z), Piauhy (Parnagua), and Bahia (Rio Sao Francisco, Rio do Peixe)*. 2: Brazil (Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas, Bahia 2). *Stigmatura budytoides inzonata Wetmore and Peters*. ARGENTINE WAGTAIL-TYRANT. Stigmatura budytoides inzonata WETMORE and PETERS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 36, p. 143, 1923 — Tapia, Tucuman. Stigmatura budytoides (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SALVIN, Ibis, 1880, p. 357 — Tucuman, Salta (spec, in British Museum examined); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 139, 1888 — Salta and Tucuman; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. 14, p. zoo, 1888 — part, spec, e, f, Salta, Tucuman; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Tucuman (ex Salvin); idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — Tapia, Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 329, 1910 — Tucuman and Salta; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 191, 1925 — part, Rio Seco, Salta. Phylloscartes flavocinereus (not of BURMEISTER) CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 26, p. 197, 1878 — Cordoba; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba. • This form requires probably subdivision. Compared with seven from Bolivia, birds from Amazonia (Ucayali, Rio Madeira, Tapajoz) are smaller, lack the buffy tinge on foreneck and flanks, and have yellowish (instead of pure white) tail mark- ings. A series from eastern Brazil (Bahia and Piauhy) agree with the Amazonian examples in small size and coloration of under parts, but have white tail markings (like typical budytoides from Bolivia) ; their bills, too, appear to be somewhat longer. Since writing these lines, the inhabitants of Amazonia and eastern Brazil have been separated by F. M. Chapman (Am. Mus. Novit., 231, p. 3, 4, 1926) as 5. budytoides napensis (type from junction of Curaray and Napo Rivers, Ecuador) and 5. budytoides bahiae (type from Joazeiro, Bahia) , respectively. Material examined. — Bolivia: Valle Grande (the type) i, Samaipata 2, Olgin i, San Jose1, Mizque i, unspecified 2. Peru: Ucayali 2. Brazil: Urucurituba, Rio Tapaj6z i, mouth of the Jamary, Rio Madeira 2; Joazeiro, Bahia 5, Rio do Peixe, Bahia 2; Parnagud, Piauhy i. b Stigmatura budytoides inzonata WETMORE and PETERS is a connecting link between budytoides and flavo-cinerea. It differs from the former by paler yellow under parts with hardly any buffy tinge on the foreneck, and by the white blotches on the inner webs of the lateral rectrices being reduced to small spots or even evanescent ; from the latter by more olivaceous (less grayish) upper parts, more whitish wing edgings, brighter yellow under parts, distinctly white tail ends, and by having at least an indication of a small white spot on the inner web of some of the three outer rectrices. The tail markings are rather variable in this form, and certain specimens from the northern limit of its range closely approach typical budytoides, of central Bolivia. This applies not only to the two birds from the Rio Seco, in northern Salta, referred to as S. budytoides in another communication (Nov. Zool., 32, p. 191, 1925), but even more so to two recently examined examples from Caiza (Dept. Tarija, Bolivia) in which even the fourth rectrix exhibits a well-defined, though small, whitish spot on the inner web. Birds from Cordoba, on the other hand, by their dingy yellow under parts and by frequently lacking the white spot on the inner web of the outer rec- trices, form the transition to flavocinerea. Material examined. — Bolivia: Caiza, Dept. Tarija 2. Argentina, Salta: Rio Seco 2, Metan 4, Salta i. Tucuman: Tapia 3, Leales 2, Tucuman City 2, Concep- cion 6. Santiago del Estero: Isca Yacu 2. Cordoba: Cosquin 8. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 381 Stigmatura flavocinerea WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 606 — Fuerte de Andalgala, Catamarca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 101, 1888 — part, spec, d, e, Cosquin, Cordoba (spec, examined); KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 13, 1897 — Caiza, Dept. Tarija, Bolivia (spec, examined); LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Rio Sali, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — Rio Sali; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 330, 1910 — part, Catamarca, La Rioja, Cordoba, Tucuman, and"Chaco"; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 191, 1925 — part, Cosquin (Sierra de Cordoba), Santiago del Estero, Tucuman, and Salta. Stigmatura budytoides flavocinerea HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 197 1909 — Tapia (Tucuman), Metan (Salta), Est. Isca Yacu (Santiago del Estero) (spec, examined); DINELLI, El Hornero, I, p. 144, 1918 — Tucuman (nest and eggs descr.); GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja. Range: Northern Argentina (in prov. Cordoba, La Rioja, Cata- marca, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman, and Salta) and adjacent dis- tricts of southeastern Bolivia (Caiza, Dept. Tarija). 8: Argentina, Prov. Tucuman (Leales 2, Concepcion 6). Stigmatura budytoides flavocinerea (Burmeister)*. BURMEISTER'S WAG- TAIL-TYRANT. Phylloscartes flavo-cinereus BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 455, 1861 — valleys of the Sierra de Uspallata, Mendoza (types in Halle Museum exam- ined); DOERING in Roca, Inf. of. Exp. Rio Negro, Zool., i, p. 42, 1881 — Rio Negro and Rio Colorado. Stigmatura flavo-cinerea SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1872, p. 542, 549 — Rio Negro; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 101, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, f-h, Mendoza, Rio Negro (spec, examined); idem and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 139, 1888 — Mendoza and Patagonia; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 330, 1910 — part, Mendoza, Rio Negro; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 191, 1925 — part, Mendoza and Rio Negro. Stigmatura budytoides flavocinerea PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 324, 1923 — Rio Colorado. Range : Central Argentina, from Mendoza south to the Rio Negro. Genus SERPOPHAGA Gould. Serpophaga GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 49, July 1839 — type by subs, desig. (Gray, 1855, p. 50) Serpophaga albocoronata GOULD = Sylvia subcristata VIEILLOT. • Stigmatura budytoides flavo-cinerea (BURMEISTER) : Very similar to 5. b. in- zonata, but upper parts more grayish, less tinged olivaceous; wing edgings duller, more grayish; superciliaries more whitish; under parts duller yellow, .washed with grayish on chest; apical spots to three outer rectrices less extensive and tinged with smoke gray, instead of being pure white; no trace of whitish spots on their inner web. Wing 60-62, (female) 57-58; tail 74-78. Birds from the Rio Negro agree with the typical Mendoza specimens. Material examined. — Mendoza: Sierra de Uspallata (the types) 2, Mendoza 3. Rio Negro of Patagonia 3. 382 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Serphophaga CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 53, 1859 — emendation. *Serpophaga subcristata ( Vieillot*). WHITE-CRESTED SERPOPHAGA. Sylvia subcristala VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. eel., n, p. 229, 1817 — based on Azara, No. 160, Paraguay. Muscicapa straminea TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 28, pi. 167, fig. 2 1822 — "Bre'sil," coll. Natterer =Ypanema, Sao Paulo. Tyrannidus albo-cristatus VIGORS, Zool. Journ., 5, p. 273, 1830 — Brazil. Muscicapa elegans LESSON, Traite' d'Orn., p. 391, 1831 — type from southern Brazil, obtained by Auguste de Saint-Hilaire, in Paris Museum examined; PUCH- ERAN, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 7, p. 373, 1855 — Brazil (crit.). Serpophaga albo-coronata GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 49, July 1839 — Maldonado, Uruguay (type — spec, e — in British Museum examined). Serphophaga verticata BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Parana, En- trerios (type in Halle Museum examined). Anaeretes cristatellus SALVADORI, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., 7, p. 153, 1864 — "Haiti" (errore); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 175, note (crit.). Muscicapa cristata (lapsu) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 52, 1837 — part, Corrientes (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara subcristata D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. me'rid., Ois., p. 326, 1839 — part, "male," Corrientes. Serpopliaga* subcristata BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 454, 1861 — part, Parana, Entrerios, Banda Oriental; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 2 — vicinity of Buenos Aires; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 103, 1868 — part, Mattodentro, Ypanema, and Rio Verde (Sao Paulo), Furnas (Minas Geraes) (spec, examined) ; idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 292, 1874 — Novo Friburgo, Rio; DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., i, p. 252, 1874 — Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1876, p. 159 — Buenos Aires (nest descr.); idem, I.e., 1877, p. 177 — Baradero, Buenos Aires; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 613 — part, Tilotilo; FORBES, Ibis, 1881, p. 342 — Garanhuns, Pernambuco; WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 606 — Monte Grande and Flores (Buenos Aires), Concepcion (Misiones); BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 199, 1883 — Concepcion del Uruguay, Entrerios (nest and eggs descr.) ; DALGLEISH, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., 8, p. 82, 1884 — Est. de la Tala, Prov. Durazno, Uruguay (nest and eggs descr.); BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 130, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 140, 1888 — Argentina; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 102, 1888 — part, spec, a-k, q-r, Lagoa Santa, Pelotas, Brazil, Maldonado, Paysandu, Conchitas, Flores, Buenos Aires, Tilotilo, Bolivia; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1890, p. 425 — Est. Espartillar, Buenos Aires; idem, I.e., 1891, p. 16 — Est. Espartillar; idem, I.e., 1892, p. 199 — Est. Espartillar (nest and eggs descr.) ; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; APLIN, Ibis, 1894, P- i?8 — Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — Villa Rica and • Sometimes spelled Serphopliaga. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 383 Puerto Pagani, Paraguay; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 188, 1899 — Sao Sebastiao, Piquete, Ypiranga, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Novo Friburgo; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 48, 1905 — Tucuman; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 275, 1907 — Ypiranga, Cachoeira, Jaboticabal, Sao Jose1 do Rio Pardo, Sao Sebastiao, Itarar6 (Sao Paulo), Itatiaya (Minas Geraes); HARTERT and VEN- TURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 197, 1909 — Barracas al Sud (Buenos Aires), Ocampo (Santa Fe1), La Soledad (Entrerios); LttDERWALDT, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 27, P- 354. 9°9 — Itatiaya; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 72, 1910 — Parnagua, Piauhy; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 581, 1910 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 330, 1910 — range in Argentina; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 116 — Los Ynglases, Aj6 (Buenos Aires), Colonia Mihanovitch (Terr. Formosa), Santa Rosa (Paraguay), (?) Pan de Azucar (Matto Grosso); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 338, 1912 — Gran Potrero, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1914 — Alto Parana; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 393, 1916 — La Plata; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 10, p. 332, 1918 — Villa Lutetia, San Ignacio, Misiones; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 401 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires (breeding habits); MARELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 79, 1918 — Curuzii Cuatia, Corrientes; DINELLI, I.e., p. 144, 1918 — Tucuman (nest and egg descr.); DABBENE, I.e., p. 237, 1919 — Isla de Martin Garcia; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 21, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Flores, Colonia, San Jos6, Rio Negro, Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Buenos Aires; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 647, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; WET- MORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 318, 1926 — Argentina (Chaco, Buenos Aires, Pampa, Rio Negro), Paraguay, and Uruguay (habits). Euscarthmus subcristatus REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 351 — Lagoa Santa (Minas) and Sao Paulo. Serpophaga subcristata subcristata HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 183, 1925 — Corrientes (crit., range). Range : Northern Argentina, east of the Andes, from the Rio Negro north to Tucumdn, east to Entrerios, Corrientes, and Misiones ; eastern Bolivia; Paraguay; Uruguay; eastern Brazil, from Rio Grande do Sul north to Pernambuco and Piauhy. 10: Uruguay (Maldonado i, Rio Cebollati i, los Cuervos i); Argen- tina (Chaco, Prov. Santa F6 i); Bolivia (Santa Cruz i, Buenavista 3); Brazil (Sao Paulo i; Therezopolis, Rio i). • Examples from Tucuman and Bolivia appear to be inseparable from typical subcristata, as represented by a series from Paraguay, Buenos Aires, and southern Brazil. Material examined. — Bolivia: Santa Cruz 2, Buenavista 3. Argentina: Tucu- man 2, Rio Sali, Tucuman i; Chaco, Santa F6 2; Parana, Entrerios (type of S. verticata) i, Corrientes i; Flores, Buenos Aires 3. Paraguay: Bernalcu6, near Asuncidn 2. Brazil: Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul 8; Ypanema 2, Mattodentro i, Rio Verde i, Victoria i, Sao Paulo i; Furnas, Minas Geraes i; Colonia Alpina, Serra dos Orgaos, Rio de Janeiro 3; Parnagua, Piauhy 2. 384 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Serpophaga inornate Salvadori*. UNMARKED SERPOPHAGA. Serpophaga inornata SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 13, 1897 — San Francisco, Dept. Tarija, Bolivia (types examined); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 320, 1926 — west of Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay (crit.). Serpophaga subcristata inornata HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 184, 1925 — part, San Francisco (crit.)b. Range: Eastern Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz; San Fran- cisco, Dept. Tarija) and western Paraguay (near kilom. 80, west of Puerto Pinasco). i: Bolivia (Buenavista i). *Serpophaga munda Berlepsch*. BERLEPSCH'S SERPOPHAGA. Serpophaga munda BERLEPSCH, Orn. Monatsber., i, p. 12, 1893 — Samaipata, Valle Grande, and Olgin, Dept. Santa Cruz, Bolivia (spec, examined); SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 14, 1897 — Caiza, Dept. Tarija, Bolivia and Tala, Salta (crit.) ; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 197, 1909 — Rio Seco and Valle Lerma (Salta), San Lorenzo (Jujuy), Los Vasquez (Tucu- man) and Ocampo (Santa F6); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 330, 1910 — Sierra de Cordoba, La Rioja (Chilecito), Tucuman, and Ocampo; REED, Aves Prov. Mendoza, p. 36, 1916 — Mendoza; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p." 151, 1918 — Mendoza; DINELLI, I.e., p. 270, 1919 — La Chilca, Tucuman (nest descr.); GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; HELL- MAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 183, 184, 1925 — Chiquitos, Santa Cruz (Bolivia), Mendoza, Estiva (Matto Grosso) (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., I33> P- 32°. *926 — west of Puerto Pinasco (Paraguay), Mendoza and Potreril- los (Mendoza), Tapia (Tucuman) (crit.). 8 Serpophaga inornata SALVADORI : Superficially resembling S. subcristata, but pileum less grayish, without any trace of white or black; back decidedly greenish; axillaries, under wing-coverts, and inner margin of remiges bright yellow; bill much slenderer and more compressed. Wing 48^-50; tail 45-48; bill 9-10. In shape of bill and crest, this bird closely approaches certain species of Meco- cerculus (poecilocercus, hellmayri), whereas in other details such as proportions, form of rectrices, and dusky under mandible it agrees well with S. subcristata. One of the types (No. 69, A. Borelli) has the entire breast and abdomen yellow, while the second example (No. 81), like ours from Buenavista, shows the middle line of the belly distinctly whitish. Material examined. — San Francisco (the types) 2, Buenavista i. b The specimens from Santa Cruz de la Sierra and Puerto Suarez in the Carnegie Museum were erroneously referred to S. inornata. They are apparently females of 5. subcristata. 8 Serpophaga munda BERLEPSCH: Similar to S. subcristata in form, but upper parts ashy gray, without any olive; white crown patch much more extensive; wine bands more purely white; under parts pure white, sides of chest only faintly tinged with pale gray. Wing 47-51 ; tail 46-51. Material examined. — Bolivia: Chiquitos i, Samaipata i, Olgin i, Valle Grande 2, Santa Cruz i. Brazil, Matto Grosso: Estiva i, Urucum i. Argentina: Rio Seco, Salta i , Valle Lerma i ; San Lorenzo, Jujuy i ; Los Vasquez, Tucuman i ; Cos- quin, Cordoba 2; Mendoza 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 385 Muscicapa cristata (lapsu) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zoo}., 7, cl. 2, p. 52, 1837 — part, Chiquitos (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara subcristata (not of VIEILLOT) D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me'rid., Ois. p. 326, 1839 — part, "female," Chiquitos. Serpophaga subcristata BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 454, 1861 — part, Mendoza (spec, in Halle Museum examined); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 103, 1 868 — part, Estiva, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 613 — part, Chiquitos; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 102, 1888 — part, spec. 1-m, Cosquin, Cordoba; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; KOSLOWSKY, Rev. Mus. La Plata, 6, p. 280, 1895 — Chilecito, La Rioja. Serpophaga verticata (not of BURMEISTER) BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 12, 1890 — Rio Grande, Bolivia (crit.). Range: Northern Argentina, from Mendoza, Cordoba, and Santa Fe* northwards; eastern Bolivia (Dept. Santa Cruz); western Matto Grosso, Brazil (Estiva, Urucum). i: Brazil (Urucum de Corumba, Matto Grosso i). *Serpophaga cinerea cinerea (Tschudi}. TSCHUDI'S SERPOPHAGA. Leptopogon cinereus TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), Heft 3, p. 276, May 1844 — Peru = vicinity of Tarma, Dept. Junin, Peru. Euscarthmus cinereus STRICKLAND, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 13, No. 86, p. 414, June 1844 — "Chile" (errore); TSCHUDI, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 165, 1846 — vicinity of Tarma. Serpophaga cinerea SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 458, 1858 — Cuenca and Guala- quiza, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., 1866, p. 99 — Lima; idem and SALVIN, I.e., 1873, p. 185 — Guadalupe, Peru; TACZAN- OWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 535 — near Lima; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 233 — Tambillo; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., p. 613 — Baganti, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Tambillo (egg descr.); BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 553 — Chimbo; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 236, 1884 — Sierra de Tarma, Lima, Tambillo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 103, 1888 — part, spec, i-m, Riobamba, Cuenca, Sical, Baganti; BERLEPSCH and STOLZ- MANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 379 — Lima; idem, I.e., 1896, p. 361 — La Mer- ced; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. n, 1895 — Cajamarca; HARTERT, I.e., 5, p. 486, 1898 — Mount Cayambe, Paramba, northern Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 6, 1899 — Sigsig, Gualaquiza, Tumbaco, Rio Peripa; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 703 — Intac, Mindo, Chillo Valley; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geog. Mes. Arc Me'rid. Equat., 9, p. 652, 1911 — Tumbaco and San Nicolas. Serpophaga cinerea cana (not of BANGS) BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 453, 1918 Huancabamba, Peru. Serpophaga cinerea cinerea CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 92, 1921 — Idma, San Miguel Bridge, Chospiyoc, Calca, and Pisac, Urubamba region. 386 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Andes of western Bolivia (Dept. La Paz), Peru, and Ecuador". 9: Peru (San Ramon, Dept. Junin i ; Huanuco 4; Rio Utcubamba, Dept. Amazonas i; Uchco, Dept. San Martin i); Ecuador (Chimbo i, unspecified i). *Serpophaga cinerea cana Bangs*. COLOMBIAN SERPOPHAGA. Serpophaga cinerea cana BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 17, p. 113, 1904 — Chirua (type), La Conception, and San Miguel, Santa Marta region; HELL- MAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1130 — Pueblo Rico, Western Andes, (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 447, 1917 — San Jos6, Caldas, Ricaurte (Western Andes), Miraflores, Salento, Rio Toch6, Andalucia, near San Agustin (Central Andes), Aguadita and Quetame (Eastern Andes), Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 374, 1922 — Santa Marta region (crit.). Serpophaga cinerea (not of TSCHUDI nor STRICKLAND) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — Sierra of MeYida; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 512 — Envi- gado and Frontino, Antioquia; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 332 — near Canute, San- tander; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 103, 1888 — part, spec, d-h, MeYida, Bogota, Envigado, Frontino. Serpophaga cinerea grisea (not of LAWRENCE) BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 97, 1899 — Chirua, La Conception, San Miguel. Range: Andes of Colombia and western Venezuela (Sierra of Merida). 3 : Colombia (Bogota i, Salento, West Quindio Andes i, San Jose" i). *Serpophaga cinerea grisea Lawrence. LAWRENCE'S SERPOPHAGA. Serpophaga grisea LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 10, p. 139, Nov. 1871 — near San Jose", Costa Rica; SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, P- 3*5 (crit.). Serpophaga cinerea (not of TSCHUDI) SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 147 — Santa Fe" de Veragua; idem, Ibis, 1869, p. 319 — Costa Rica; BOUCARD, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 62 — Naranjo, Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 103, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Costa Rica, Santa Fe", Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 20, 1888 — part, Costa Rica and Panama. Serpophaga cinerea grisea BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 35, 1902 — Boquete, Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 397, 1907 — • Two specimens from Bolivia (near La Paz) agree well with a series from Peru. Nineteen skins examined. b Serpophaga cinerea cana BANGS: Very close to S. c. cinerea, but paler gray above and less tinged with grayish underneath; more like 5. c. grisea in pale coloring, but larger, and greater upper wing-coverts and inner secondaries more conspicuously margined with white. This is not a very strongly marked race, and certain Ecuadorian specimens of cinerea are hardly distinguishable. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 387 Costa Rica and Panama; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 724, 1910 — Santa Maria de Dota, Carrillo, Cachi, Guapiles and Ujurras de Ten-aba, Costa Rica (habits). Range: Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui; Veragua). 2: Costa Rica (Turrialba i); Panama (Boquete, Chiriqui i). Serpophaga hypoleuca hypoleuca Sdater and Salvin*. WHITE-BELLIED SERPOPHAGA. Serpophaga hypoleuca SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 188 — Blower Ucayali, Peru; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278 — Ucayali, near Sarayacu; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 138, 1884 — Sarayacu, Ucayali; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 104, 1888 — lower Ucayali; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 41, 1902 — Caicara, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela (spec, examined); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 225, 1916 — San Mateo de Caicara, Alta- gratia, and Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar, Orinoco River. Range: Eastern Peru (Ucayali) and Venezuela (Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar, Altagracia, and Caicara, Orinoco River; San Fernando, Rio Apure). Serpophaga hypoleuca pallida Snethlageb. PALLID SERPOPHAGA. Serpophaga pallida SNETHLAGE, Orn. Monatsber., 15, p. 194, 1907 — Alcobaca, Rio Tocantins (type examined); idem, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 526, 1908 — Alco- baca; idem, I.e., 61, p. 524, 1913 — Alcobaca; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 406, 1914 — Alcobaca. Range: Northern Brazil, in State of Pard (Alcobaca, Rio Tocan- tins) . *Serpophaga nigricans ( Vieillof). BLACKISH SERPOPHAGA. Sylvia nigricans VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., u, p. 204, 1817 — based on Azara, No. 167, Paraguay and La Plata River. a Serpophaga hypoleuca hypoleuca SCLATER and SALVIN: Upper parts light brownish gray, more purely gray on pileum; median crown feathers much elongated (much Broader and more rigid than in S. subcristata, and somewhat recalling the crest of Lophotriccus), dull black, conspicuously white at base; wing-coverts dark brownish gray, without trace of paler edges; remiges and rectrices dusky, along outer webs barely fringed with brownish gray; under parts white, sides of breast faintly tinged with grayish; bill black. Wing 48-50^; tail 48-50X1 bill 9^-10. The description of this very distinct species is based on two specimens from Caicara, Rio Orinoco, in the Tring Museum and two others from San Fernando, Rio Apure in the collection of the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris. They should be compared with material from the type locality. b Serpophaga hypoleuca pallida SNETHLAGE: Very similar to S. h. hypoleuca, but bill somewhat smaller (shorter and slenderer) ; anterior and lateral portions of the crown paler cinereous, the median crown feathers less elongated; back rather more brownish gray; throat more purely white, the grayish tinge on sides of chest barely suggested. Wing (one female) 50; tail 48; bill 9. The type was directly compared with specimens from Venezuela (Caicara and San Fernando de Apure), but whether the latter really represent typical hypoleuca I have no means of ascertaining. 388 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Tachuris nigricans LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 55, 1837 — Maldonado (spec, in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. m£rid., Ois., p. 334, 1839 — Maldonado and Buenos Aires. Euscarthmus cinereus (not of STRICKLAND) BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 526, 1856 — Congonhas and Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (spec, in Halle Museum examined); idem, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — "Mendoza" (errore, the specimen examined in the Halle Museum is from Parana). Euscarthmus nigricans BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 492, 1856 — Rio Grande do Sul; STERNBERG, Journ. Orn., 17, p. 262, 1869 — Tablada Vieja, Buenos Aires (nest descr.); HOLTZ, I.e., 18, p. 7, 1870 — Buenos Aires (egg descr.); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Poren., 1870, p. 349 — Lagoa Santa (Minas), Bananal, Agoas Pretas, and Morro Queimado (Sao Paulo). Serpophaga nigricans GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 50, 1839 — Maldonado; BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 454, 1861 — Parana, Entrerios (spec, in Halle Museum examined); idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 2 — Buenos Aires; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas; EULER, Journ. Orn., 16, p. 184, 1868 — Cantagallo (nest and eggs descr.); DOERING, Period. Zool. Arg., I, p. 252, 1874 — Ri° Guayquiraro, Corrientes; DURNFORD, Ibis, 1877, p. 177 — Buenos Aires; DALGLEISH, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., 6, p. 248, 1881 — Est. de la Tala, Prov. Durazno, Uruguay (egg descr.); WHITE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 606 — Itapua, Misiones; BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 199, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios (nest and eggs descr.); HOLMBERG, Act. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 5, p. 78, 1884 — Collon-guayti, Prov. Buenos Aires; BER- LEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 130, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 141, 1888 — Argentina (habits); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 104, 1888 — Conchitas, Punta Lara (Buenos Aires), Cosquin (Cordoba), La Plata, Mal- donado, Rio Negro; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; HOLLAND, Ibis, 1891, p. 16 — Est. Espartillar, Prov. Buenos Aires; idem, Ibis, 1892, p. 199 — Est. Espartillar (nest and eggs descr.); APLIN, Ibis, 1894, p. 178 — Uruguay; SALVADOR!, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 14, 1897 — Tala, Salta; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo, Pedras Brancas; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 188, 1899 — Tiete, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo; EULER, I.e., p. 41, 1900 (nesting habits); LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Potrerillos and Rio Calera, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — same localities; IHER- ING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 276, 1907 — Tiete", Cachoeira, and Rio Mogy- guassti, Sao Paulo; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 197, 1909 — Barracas al Sud and San Martino Monte (Buenos Aires), La Soledad (En- trerios), Cosquin (Cordoba); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 330, 1910 — range in Argentina; idem, I.e., 23, p. 339, 1912 — Villa Rica, Paraguay; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 117 — Los Ynglases and Luiconia, Aj6 (Buenos Aires), Villa Oliva (Paraguay); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1914 — Mondaih, Alto Parana; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 393, 1916 — Las Talas, La Plata; GIBSON, Ibis, 1918, p. 402 — Cape San Antonio, Buenos Aires; TREMOLERAS, El Hornero, 2, p. 21, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., 2, p. 268, 1922 — Las Rosas, Buenos Aires; PEREYRA, I.e., 3, p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 389 Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 647, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 188, 1925 — Maldonado (range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 321, 1926 — Buenos Aires and Uruguay. Serpophaga cinerea PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 103, 1868 — Ypanema, Pahor, and Porto do Jacarehy, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 292, 1874 — Novo Friburgo, Rio (spec, examined). Serpophaga nigriceps (lapsu) CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo. Range: Southeastern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro and Minas Geraes south to Rio Grande do Sul; Uruguay; Paraguay; northern Argentina, south to the Rio Negro, west to Cordoba, Tucumdn, and Salta*. 3 : Argentina (Concepcion, Tucuman 2) ; Uruguay (Treinta y Tres i). Genus INEZIA Cherrie. Inezia CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 390, 1909 — type by orig. desig. Capsiempis caudata SALVIN. Inezia subflava subflava (Sclater and Salvin)b. YELLOW-BELLIED INEZIA. Serphophaga JM^cfoScLATER and SALVIN, Nomencl. Av. Neotrop., p. 47, 158, 1873 — "Pard" (type in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 105, 1888 — "Para"; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 525, 1908 — Arumatheua, Ilha das Pacas, Alcobaca, Rio Tocantins; idem, I.e., p. 501, 1908 — Villa Braga, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., 61, p. 524, 1913 — lower Amazon; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 405, 1914 — Rio Tocantins (Alcobaca, Ilha das Pacas, Arumatheua), Rio Iriri (Santa Julia), Rio Curud (Malocca do Manuel- sinho), Rio Tapaj6z (Goyana, Villa Braga), Rio Jamauchim (Santa Helena, Tucunare"). Range: Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Tocantins to the Tapaj6z. Inezia subflava caudata (Salvin). SALVIN'S INEZIA. Capsiempis caudata SALVIN, Bull. B. O. C., 7, p. XVI, 1897 — Ourumee, British Guiana (type in British Museum examined). • Eighteen specimens from Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina examined. b Inezia subflava subflava (SCLATER and SALVIN) closely resembles the better known /. s. caudata, from Venezuela and Guiana, but differs principally by more olivaceous (less brownish) upper parts, without any grayish suffusion on forehead; more yellowish sides of the head; less white on chin, and deeper yellow under parts, without buffy tinge on throat and foreneck; bill on average smaller. Wing 46-51; tail 47-54; bill 10. Material examined. — "Pard" (the type) i, Ilha das Pacas, Tocantins i, Aru- matheua i, Alcobaca 2, Ilha de Goyana, Tapaj6z i, Villa Braga i. 390 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Serpophaga orenocensis BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 40, 1902 — Altagracia (type), Quiiibana de Caicara, Caicara, and Munduapo, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela (spec, examined). Serpophaga helenae CHUBB, Bull. B. O. C., 40, p. 61, 1919 — Bartica (type) and Abary River, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 169, 1921 — same localities. Serpophaga caudata HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 323, 1906 — Ourumee (Brit. Guiana), Altagracia (Venezuela), Paramaribo (Surinam) (crit.); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 168, 1921 — Bartica and Ourumee. Inezia caudata CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 224, 1916 — banks of the Orinoco from Las Barrancas, in the delta region, up as far as Munduapo, beyond the falls of Maipures. Inezia subflava (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) CHERRIE, I.e., p. 225, 1916 — Munduapo and Nericagua, Orinoco River. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela, in the Orinoco Valley from Las Barrancas up to beyond the falls of Maipures, and on the Apure River (San Fernando) a. *Inezia subflava intermedia Cory*. CORY'S INEZIA. Inezia caudata intermedia CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 289, 1913 — Rio Aurare, fifteen miles east of Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela; CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 447, 1916 — Algodonal, south of Calamar, Magdalena Valley, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 375, 1922 — Fundaci6n, Mamatoco, Dibulla, Arroya de Arenas, and Valencia, Santa Marta region. Range: Northwestern Venezuela (Rio Aurare, east of Maracaibo, northern Zulia) and northern Colombia (Santa Marta region; lower Magdalena). i : Venezuela (Rio Aurare, Zulia i). • Birds from the middle stretches of the Orinoco (Altagracia, Caicara) agree per- fectly with others from British and Dutch Guiana. The coloration is rather variable, some specimens being much more brownish above than others taken at the same localities. An individual of this dark-backed variety was described by Chubb as S. helenae. The amount of buffy suffusion below is also subject to considerable varia- tion. An adult male from Munduapo and an unsexed specimen from San Fernando, Rio Apure closely approach the western race intermedia, by having very little buffy on the f oreneck. Material examined. — Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo 3. British Guiana: Ourumee i, Bartica Grove 2. Venezuela: Altagracia 7, Quiribana de Caicara i, Caicara 3, Munduapo i, San Fernando, Rio Apure i. b Inezia subflava intermedia CORY: Very similar to /. s. caudata, but slightly more olivaceous above; wing bands more whitish; under parts brighter as well as more uniform yellow, with the buffy tinge on the chest barely suggested. Wing 53 ; tail 54-55; bill ii. Material examined. — Venezuela: Rio Aurare i. Colombia: Aracataca i, Algodonal i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 391 Genus XENOPSARIS Ridgway. Xenopsaris RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 14, p. 479, Oct. 22, 1891 — type Pachyrhamphus albinucha BURMEISTER. Prospoietus CABANIS, Bericht Deuts. Orn. Ges., 9, p. 4, Nov. 30, 1891 — type Pachyrhamphus albinucha BURMEISTER; idem, Journ. Orn., 40, p. 126, 1892. Xenopsaris albinucha albinucha (Burmeister) . WHITE-NAPED XENOP- SARIS. Pachyrhamphus albinucha BURMEISTER, P. Z. S. Lond., for Dec. 1868, p. 635, 1869 — sedges of the shores of the Rio de la Plata, near Buenos Aires; STEM- PELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba. Xenopsaris albinucha RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 14, p. 480, 1901 — Buenos Aires; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1893, p. 166, 168, pi. 7 — Buenos Aires; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 188, 1902 — Tucuman and Malvinas, Prov. Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 51, 1905 — same localities; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 221, 1904 — Santa Ana, Tucuman; HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 192, 1909 — Tucuman, Ilhas Tigre (Prov. Buenos Aires), Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe" (nest and eggs descr.) ; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 312, 1910 — same localities; REISER, Denks. math, naturwiss. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 70, 1910 — Carnahyba, near Joazeiro, Bahia and Ilha San Martin, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy (spec, examined); DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 348, 1914 — part, excl. Venezuela; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 9, p. 443, pi. 8, fig. 10 (egg), 1914 — Joazeiro and Barra, Rio Sao Fran- cisco, Bahia (spec, examined); MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 643, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 294, 1926 — near Laguna Wall, Paraguayan Chaco, and Monteagudo, Tucuman. Prospoietus albinucha CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 40, p. 126, 1892 — Argentina (crit.). Range: Sedges of river banks in Argentina (prov. Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Cordoba, and Tucuman), Paraguay (Chaco), and Brazil (Joazeiro, Barra, Carnahyba, State of Bahia; Rio Parnahyba, State of Piauhy) b. Xenopsaris albinucha minor Hellmayr*. ORINOCAN XENOPSARIS. • The systematic position of this genus is much disputed. While Cabanis, Ber- lepsch and Hartert refer it to the Tyrannidae and insist on its affinities to Knipolegus, Serpophaga and Suiriri, Ridgway and Cherrie place it in the neighborhood of Pachyrhamphus among the Cotingidae. Anamotical researches alone can decide the question. b Material examined. — Argentina: Ilhas Tigre, Buenos Aires i Tucuman 3, Santa Ana, Tucumdn i, Simoca. Tucuman 2, Ocampo, Santa Fe" 2. Brazil: Joazeiro i, Carnahyba, Bahia i; Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy i. c Xenopsaris albinucha minor HELLMAYR: Similar to X. a. albinucha in colora- tion, but decidedly smaller (wing of male 60-62, against 64-66; tail 53-57, against 58-61). Material examined. — Fourteen specimens from the Orinoco region. 392 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Xenopsaris albinucha minor HELLMAYR, Anzeiger Orn. Ges. Bay., 3, p. 17, Oct. 1920 — Quiribana de Caicara, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela. Xenopsaris albinucha (not of BURMEISTER) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9» P- 36, pi. 12, fig. i, 1902 — Altagracia and Caicara, Rio Orinoco, and La Pricion, Caura River (spec, examined) ; DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 348, 1914 — part, Venezuela; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 253, 1916 — along the middle Orinoco from Ciudad Bolivar up as far, at least, as Caicara (crit., tarsal covering descr.). Range: Venezuela (banks of the Orinoco and Caura Rivers). Genus MECOCERCULUS Sclater. Myiarchus BONAPARTE (not of CABANIS 1844), Consp. Av., i, p. 188, 1850 — type Tyrannula setophagoides BONAPARTE. Mecocerculus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1862, p. 113 — new name for Myiarchus BONAPARTE, preoccupied. ^Mecocerculus leucophrys leucophrys (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). WHITE-BROWED MECOCERCULUS. Muscicapa leucophrys LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 53, 1837 — Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara leucophrys D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. meYid., Ois., p. 327, 1839 — type stated to be from Yanacache, Prov. Yungas. Ochthoeca setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lon d. 1879, p. 611 — Tilotilo, Bolivia. Mecocerculus leucophrys SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 27, 1888 — part, spec, o, Tilotilo, Bolivia; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 15, 1897 — Tala and Lesser, Salta; OUSTALET, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 45, 1904 — Lagunita, Tucuman; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — La- gunita; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 47, 1905 — Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 317, 1910 — prov. Salta and Tucuman; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. i, 1924 — Limbani (Peru), Bolivia and Prov. Tucuman. Mecocerculus leucophrys leucophrys HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 495. 1917 — Tucuman and southern Peru; HELLMAYR, I.e., 32, p. 185, 1925 — Bolivia and Argentina (crit.); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 314, 1926 — above Tafi Viejo, Tucuman. Range: Extreme southeastern Peru (Limbani, Dept. Puno), Bolivia, and northwestern Argentina (in prov. Salta and Tucuman)*. 9: Argentina (Concepcion, Tucuman 8; Las Pavas, Tucuman i). • Material examined. — Peru: Limbani i. Bolivia: Yanacache, Yungas i, Coca- pata 4, Pucuyuni i, San Antonio i, San Cristobal i. Argentina: Tafi Viejo i, Lagunita i, Tucuman 3, Concepcion 8, Las Pavas i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 393 ^Mecocerculus leucophrys brunneomarginatus Chapman*. BROWN- EDGED MECOCERCULUS. Mecocerculus setophagoides brunneomarginata CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. i, 1924 — Cedrobamba, above Matchu Picchu, Urubamba Valley, Peru. Ochthoeca rufimarginata (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 357 — Maraynioc (spec, examined). Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 88, 1921 — above Matchu Picchu and above Toron- toy, Peru. Range : Humid Temperate Zone of Peru, in depts. Huanuco, Junin, and Cuzco (Urubamba Valley) b. 3: Peru (Huanuco Mountains, Huanuco 3). Mecocerculus leucophrys rufomarginatus (Lawrence}. RUFOUS-EDGED MECOCERCULUS. Ochthoeca rufomarginatus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 266, 1869 — Quito Valley, Ecuador. Ochthoeca rufomarginata acrophila OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 61 1902 — "Rio Napo" (type examined). Ochthoeca rufimarginata TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 87 — San Rafael; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 25, 1888 — spec, a-d, Sical and Intac, Ecuador; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — El Troje (Huaca), Chinquil (Lloa, Prov. Pichincha), Frutillas and Papallacta; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — western side of Pichincha and Coraz6n (spec, examined); MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£ogr. Mes. Arc Me'rid. fiquat., 9, p. 648, 1911 — Lloa and Mindo road. Ochthoeca rufomarginata LONNBERG and RENDALL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — near Calacali, Lloa, and Chinquil. Mecocerculus leucophrys rufimarginatus HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 74, 1912 (crit.). Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 430, 1917 — part, Valle de las Pappas, Laguneta. and Santa Isabel, Central Andes, Colombia. Mecocerculus setophagoides rufomarginata CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. i, 1924 — El Tambo (Piura), Ecuador and Central Andes of Colombia (crit.). • Mecocerculus leucophrys brunneomarginatus (CHAPMAN) : Nearly allied to M . I. rufomarginatus, but paler, more olivaceous brown above, with the crown less dusky and hardly different from color of back; wing bands slightly paler, less rufous; abdomen brighter yellow. Wing (male) 71-74, (female) 66-67; tail 72-79, (female) 70-71. Material examined. — Maraynioc i, Huanuco Mts. 3. b In the absence of material I cannot decide whether specimens from Cutervo and Nancho, recorded as O. rufimarginata, by Taczanowski (P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 202; Orn. PeY., 2, p. 196, 1884) are referable to brunneomarginatus or rufomarginatus. 394 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Central Andes of Colombia; Andes of Ecuador and north- western Peru (El Tambo, western slope, Dept. Piura)". *Mecocerculus leucophrys notatus Toddb. MARKED MECOCERCULUS. Mecocerculus leucophrys notatus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 114, 1919 — • Leonera, near Caldas (on the railroad from Buenaventura to Cali), Western Andes, Colombia. Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 430, 1917 — part, Paramillo and Andes west of Popayan. Mecocerculus setophagoides notatus CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. i, 1924 — Western Andes [of Colombia]. Range : Western Andes of Colombia. 2: Colombia (Coast range west of Popayan 2). ^Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides (Bonaparte)". BONAPARTE'S MECOCERCULUS. Tyrannula setophagoides BONAPARTE, Atti della sesta Riunione degli Scienziati Italiani, Milano, 1844, p. 405, 1845 — Santa Fe de Bogota (type in Coll. Antinori); SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 149, 1855 — Bogota. Elainea gularis MADARASZ, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., i, p. 462, 1903 — Escorial, Andes of M6rida (type examined). Myiarchus setophagoides BONAPARTE, Consp. Av., i, p. 188, 1850 — Bogota. Mecocerculus leucophrys (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 199, 1862 — Bogotd; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 27, 1888— part, spec, c-h, Bogota, "Merida." Ochthoeca setophagoides SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — Paramo of Merida; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 331 — between Bucaramanga and Ocana. 8 Five specimens from above Papallacta (acrophtta) are indistinguishable from a series of twelve from the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes (Pichincha and Coraz6n). Birds from the Central Andes of Colombia which we have not seen are referred by F. M. Chapman to the present form. b Mecocerculus leucophrys notatus TODD appears to combine the pale lower parts of setophagoides with the deep sooty brown dorsal surface and tawny wing-markings of rufomarginatus. In size it more nearly agrees with setophagoides, while the upper chest is slightly more clouded with grayish than in East Andean specimens. _ The two only examples examined are not very satisfactory, and additional material is required to establish its characters. 0 Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides (BONAPARTE) : Closely similar to M. I. leucophrys, of Bolivia, but upper parts more brownish, less olive, and edges to secondaries generally more buffy. Birds from the Paramo de Tama and Sierra of MeYida (gularis], while approach- ing nigriceps in whitish wing-markings, seem nevertheless better referred to seto- phagoides on account of their larger size. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 35, Chipaque 12, Bucaramanga i, Paramo de Tama 3. Venezuela: Andes of M&ida 6. 1927- BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 395 Mecocerculus setophagoides BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 297, 1884 — Bucara- manga (spec, examined). Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 495, 1917 — Bogota; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 430, 1917 — part, El Pinon and Chipaque, Eastern Andes of Colombia; BANGS and PENARD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 90, 1921 — Las Ventanas (Santander) and Bogota. Mecocerculus leucophrys nigriceps (not of CHAPMAN) BANGS and PENARD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 90, 1921 — part, Me"rida. Range : Eastern Andes of Colombia and adjacent parts of western Venezuela (Sierra of Me"rida). 7 : Colombia (Bogota i ; Paramo de Tama 2) ; Venezuela (Paramo de Tama i; Rio Mucuj6n i, Escorial i, Conejos i). Mecocerculus leucophrys nigriceps Chapman*. VENEZUELAN MECO- CERCULUS. Mecocerculus nigriceps CHAPMANb, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 12, p. 154, August 1899 — Los Palmales, Bermudez, northeastern Venezuela. Myiopatis montensis BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 97, Nov. 1899 — Paramo de Macotama (type), Macotama, and Paramo de Chiruqua, Santa Marta region. Ochthoeca setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 1 68, 170 — Caracas. Mecocerculus leucophrys (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 27, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, i, f, Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Caracas. Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 73, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo (crit.). Mecocerculus leucophrys nigriceps HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 494, 1917 — part, Caracas and"Cumana" (crit.); BANGS and PENARD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 90, 1921 — part, Los Palmales, Paramo de Rosas, Est. Lara, Santa Marta region; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 191, p. 8, 1925 — Carapas and Turumiquire, Bermudez (crit.). • Mecocerculus leucophrys nigriceps CHAPMAN: Very similar to M. I. setophagoides, but decidedly smaller; upper parts paler and more olivaceous, with the crown less blackish; edges to secondaries more whitish, and wing bars on average paler, less tinged with ochraceous. A large series from northwestern Venezuela (Lara, Carabobo, Caracas region) is apparently identical with two topotypes from Bermudez. Ten skins from the Santa Marta region (montensis) agree in coloration, but approach setophagoides by their somewhat longer tails. Material examined. — Venezuela: Los Palmales, Bermudez 2; Galipdn, Cerro del Avila 19, Silla de Caracas i ; Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo 3; Mts. near Bucarito, Tocuyo, Lara i. Colombia: Santa Marta district 10. b Elaenea leucophrys CABANIS (Arch. Naturg., 13 (i), p. 250, 1847 — Venezuela), was probably based on an example of this form. Unfortunately, the type does not any longer exist in the Berlin Museum. 396 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mecocerculus leucophrys setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 388, 1922 — San Lorenzo, San Miguel, Paramo de Mamarongo, and Cerro de Caracas, Santa Marta region. Range: North coast mountains of Venezuela (from Bermudez west to Lara) and Santa Marta district, in northern Colombia. Mecocerculus leucophrys roraimae Hellmayr*. RORAIMA MECOCER- CULUS. Mecocerculus leucophrys roraimae HELLMAYR, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 4, p. 30, March 1921 — Roraima, Brit. Guiana; BANGS and PENARD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 90, June 1921 — Roraima. Ochthoeca setophagoides (not of BONAPARTE) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1885, p. 291 — Roraima. Mecocerculus leucophrys (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 27, 1888 — part, spec, k-n, Roraima. Mecocerculus leucophrys subsp. nov.? HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 495, 1917 — Roraima. Mecocerculus setophagoides CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 134, 1921 — "Supe- naam River, Bartica, Bonasika"b, Roraima. Range: Mount Roraima, British Guiana. ^Mecocerculus stictopterus stictopterus (Sclater). WING-TIPPED ME- COCERCULUS. Elainia stictoptera SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 554, pi. 146, fig. 2, 1858 — Matosf Ecuador; idem, I.e., 28, p. 68, 1860 — Chillanes; idem, I.e., p. 79, 1860 — Lloa. 8 Mecocerculus leucophrys roraimae HELLMAYR: Similar to M. I. nigriceps in size, but upper parts very much darker, and wing bars decidedly ochraceous; more nearly agreeing in coloration with M. I. setophagoides, but much smaller. Wing 57-63 ; tail 58-63; bill 10-10.5. Material examined. — Roraima 8. MEASUREMENTS MALES WING TAIL Eight from Eastern Andes, Colombia (setophagoides) 69-73 67-75 Two from Paramo de Tama (setophagoides) 69,71 70,72 Three from Sierra of M6rida ("gularis") 68,69,72 68,71,72 Five from Santa Marta Mts. ("montensis") 65-69 66-72 Thirteen from Caracas region (nigriceps) 62-67 63-70 One from Cumbre de Valencia (nigriceps) 62 64 Three from Roraima (roraimae) 58-64 60-63 FEMALES Seven from Eastern Andes, Colombia (setophagoides) 60-65 >£ 61-67 One from Paramo de Tama (setophagoides) 64 63 Two from Sierra of Merida ("gularis") 61,64 59,65 Six from Caracas region (nigriceps 58-61 61-64 One from Los Palmales (nigriceps) 61 62 One from Roraima (roraimae) 57 58 b Localities no doubt incorrect. Like its allies, this form is certainly not found in the Tropical Zone. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 397 Mecocerculus alutus OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 62, 1902 — Ecuador. Mecocerculus stictopterus SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 199, 1862 — Matos, Riobamba, and Bogota; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 295 — Cechce, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 28, 1888 — part, Ecuador, Colombia (Bogota) and Me"rida; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — Pun, Papallacta, Chaupi (Illi- niza), Nanegal, Frutillas; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"ogr. Mes. Arc Me"rid. fiquat., 9, p. 849, 1911 — Quito; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 431, 1917 — Andes west of Popayan, Almaguer, Laguheta, Santa Isabel, Colomoia; LSNNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — Nanegal and Mindo, Ecuador. Ochthoeca stictoptera SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 750 — Colombia and Ecua- dor; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1875, p. 234 — MeYida; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 701 — Pichincha, Coraz6n, Papallacta, Mojanda, Ecuador. Range: Temperate Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta Moun- tains), Ecuador0, and western Venezuela (Sierra of MeYida)b. 4: Colombia (Coast range west of Popayan i; Almaguer, Central Andes i); Ecuador (Chical 2). *Mecocerculus stictopterus taeniopterus Cdbanis0. WING-BANDED MECOCERCULUS. Mecocerculus taeniopterus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 98, 1874 — central Peru = Maraynioc (type in Berlin Museum examined); TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 533 — Sillapata and Maraynioc. •The localities "Puna Island" and "Jima" cited by Sclater are unquestionably erroneous. b With the material examined in the present connection I am unable to make out any geographic variation worthy of recognition in nomenclature. A single bird from above Papallacta, eastern Ecuador agrees in every respect with a large series of Bogota skins, while ten specimens from western Ecuador (Pichincha, Coraz6n) are generally slightly darker and more brownish above. An adult from the coast range west of Popayan, however, resembles the eastern birds in color of back. Material examined. — Venezuela: Sierra of MeYida i. Colombia: "Bogptd" 19, Almaguer, Central Andes 3, range west of Popayan i. Ecuador: Pichincha 5, Coraz6n 4, Mojanda i, Papallacta i, Govinda i. c Mecocerculus stictopterus taeniopterus CABANIS: Differs from M. s. stictopterus in much lighter and greener (nearest to dark citrine, instead of deep brownish olive) color of the back wfth the edges to the inner remiges generally paler, lessoch- raceous. Wing (male) 65-71, (female) 60-63; tail 61-68, (female) 54-59; bill 9-10. The type having been preserved in alcohol has lost all trace of greenish and yellowish tints in its plumage, but proportions and shape of bill leave no doubt as to its identity with the form separated by Oberholser as M. s. euplastus. While specimens from Huanuco and southwards are easily separable by their greenish back, in northern Peru this race so gradually passes into typical stictopterus that it is hard to draw a definite line between their ranges. An adult female from Leimabamba is a typically green-backed taeniopterus, but a male from Molinopampa is as deeply brownish olive above as any Ecuadorian example. Material examined. — Peru: Leimabamba i, Molinopampa i; Maraynioc 2; Huanuco Mts. 2, Panao Mts., Huanuco 3; Torontoy, Urubamba 2; Marcapata, alt. 3000 metr., Dept. Cuzco i. Bolivia: Cocapata 2. 398 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mecocerculus stictopterus euplastus OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 63, 1902 — Maraynioc (type examined). Ochthoeca stictoptera (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 202 — Cutervo. Mecocerculus stictopterus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 18 — Tamia- pampa; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 201, 1884 — Pumamarca, Maraynioc, Sillapata, Cutervo, Tambillo, Tamiapampa, Paucal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 28, 1888 — part, Peru. Mecocercidus stictopterus taeniopterus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 362 — Maraynioc (crit.); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 89, 1921 — above Torontoy and Occobamba Valley, Urubamba region. Range : Temperate Zone of Peru and western Bolivia. 6: Peru (Huanuco Mts. 2, Panao Mts., Huanuco 3, Molinopampa Mecocerculus poecilocercus (Sclater and Salviri)*. WHITE -TAILED MECOCERCULUS. Serpophaga poecilocerca SCLATER and SALVIN, Nomencl. Av. Neotrop., p. 47, 158, 1873 — Puellaro, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 233 — Tambillo; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 703 — Nanegal. Mecocerculus poecilocercus BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 297, 1884 — Bucara- manga; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 203, 1884 — Tambillo and Lanchepata; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 295 — Chaguarpata; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 87 — Bafios, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 29, 1888 — Puellaro, Bogota, Tambillo, Jima, "Pasto"; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 3, 1899 — Gualea and Niebli, Ecuador; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. geogr. Mes. Arc Mend. Equat., 9, p. 650 — Gualea, "Quito"; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 431, 1917 — Cerro Munchique, Salento, El Eden, Aguadita, El Roble, Colombia; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 89, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba region; LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 72, 1922 — Niebli, Tum- baco, road to Mindo, Ecuador. Range: Subtropical Zone of the Andes of Colombia (except Santa Marta range), Ecuador, and Peru, south to the Urubamba region. Mecocerculus hellmayri Berlepschb. HELLMAYR'S MECOCERCULUS. B Mecocerculus poecilocercus (SCLATER and SALVIN), while nearly allied to, may be distinguished from, M. stictopterus by considerably smaller size, somewhat snorter as well as wider bill, yellowish white upper tail-coverts and inner webs of rectrices, and more whitish (less buffy) edges to the secondaries. The back is decidedly olive green, more like M. s. taeniopterus. Material examined. — Colombia: "Bogota" 6, Bucaramanga i. Ecuador: Nanegal i. b Mecocerculus hellmayri BERLEPSCH: Agreeing in form, small size, and pale lower mandible with M. poecilocercus, but inner webs of rectrices plain dusky, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 399 Mecocerculus hellmayri BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 358, Feb. 1907 — Cocapata, Dept. Cochabamba, Bolivia (type examined). Range: Subtropical Zone of Bolivia (Dept. Cochabamba). Mecocerculus calopterus (Sdater and Salvin)*. RUFOUS- WINGED MECOCERCULUS. Formicivora caloptera SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 142, 1859 — Pallatanga, Ecuador. Serpophaga leucura LAWRENCE, Ibis, (3) 5, p. 384, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1875 — Ecuador. Serphophaga caloptera SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, 1881, p. 271 (crit.). Ochthoeca caloptera TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 233 — Tambillo, Peru. Mecocerculus calopterus BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, P- 553 — Chimbo, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 1884, p. 295 — Cayandeled, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pdr., 2, p. 202, 1884 — Tambillo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 29, 1888 — Pallatanga, Tambillo; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£ogr. Mes. Arc Me"rid. fiquat., 9, p. 650, 1911 — "Quito." Range: Western Ecuador (Pallatanga, Cayandeled, Chimbo) and northwestern Peru (Tambillo, Prov. Jaen). ^Mecocerculus minor (Taczanowski)b. LESSER MECOCERCULUS. Leptopogon minor TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 233 — Tambillo, Peru (one of the typical examples in British Museum examined); idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 247, 1884 — Tambillo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 115, 1888 — Tambillo. Ochthoeca consobrina BERLEPSCH, Ibis (5) 3, p. 289, 1885 — Bogotd (type ex- amined). without any white; rump and upper tail-coverts dark olive buff (somewhat like Tyranniscus uropygialis) ; wing bars and edges to secondaries deep buff instead of pale yellowish; abdomen strongly tinged with yellowish. Wing (two males) 56-59; tail 46-48; bil!8-8>^. This species superficially resembles M. stictopterus taeniopterus, but is much smaller in all dimensions, with much shorter bill, and much more yellowish under- neath. Material examined. — Bolivia: Cocapata (including the type) 2, Incachaca i. 11 Mecocerculus calopterus (SCLATER and SALVIN) is another near ally of M. poecilocercus, agreeing very closely in structural characters, but may be easily recog- nized by the rufous brown external edges to the remiges and the entirely white outer- most rectrix. Wing (adult female) 55; tail 51. Material examined. — Ecuador: Cayandeled i, Pallatanga i, unspecified 2. b Mecocerculus minor (TACZANOWSKI), in general coloration, bears a striking resemblance to Pogonotriccus poecilotis (SCLATER), but has a proportionately longer tail, blackish brown (instead of flesh colored) legs and feet, and a slenderer bill with dusky brown mandible, while the rictal bristles are much less developed. The Tambillo specimen is perfectly identical with Bogota skins. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd (including type) 18, Paramo de Tama i. Peru: Tambillo i. 400 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mecocerculus consobrinus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 30, 1888 — Bogotd (ex BERLEPSCH). Mecocerculus minor BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 489, 1907 (crit.). Pogonotriccus plumbeiceps (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 99, 1888 — part, spec, b, Bogota. Range: Eastern Andes of Colombia (Bogotd; Paramo de Tama) and northwestern Peru (Tambillo, Prov. Jaen). i Colombia (Paramo de Tama i). Mecocerculus superciliaris (Sclater and Salvin}*. RUFOUS-BROWED MECOCERCULUS. Leptotriccus superciliaris SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 389 — Chitra, Veragua; SALVIN, I.e., 1870, p. 196 — Chitra and Calovevora; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 100, 1888 — same localities; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 18, pi. 36, fig. 2, 1888 — same localities; RIDG- WAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 411, 1907 (ex SALVIN and GODMAN); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 721, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica. Range: Costa Rica (Guayabo), Panama (Chitra and Calovevora, Veragua) and Colombia (Bogota). Genus COLORHAMPHUS SundevalK Colorhamphus SUNDEVALL, Meth. Nat. Av. Disp. Tentamen, p. 59, 1872 — type by orig. desig. Myiobius parvirostris DARWIN. B Mecocerculus superciliaris (SCLATER and SALVIN) : Crown slate gray, feathers of forehead and occiput with blackish centers; back and lesser wing coverts bright grass green; median and greater coverts dusky, edged with the color of the back; remiges dusky, exteriorly edged with yellowish green, this edge widening into an indistinct yellowish apical spot on the innermost tertial; rectrices dusky, edged with green. Nasal feathers pure white; short superciliaries rufous; cheeks and auriculars freckled with white and gray, posterior portion of auriculars sooty black, surmounted by a pale rufous streak; sides of neck dark ashy gray. Under parts white, throat and chest shaded with dull grayish, flanks and under tail coverts slightly tinged with pale yellowish; axillars pale yellowish, under wing coverts and quill-lining white; legs horn brown; bill black. Wing 58; tail 56; tarsus 16; bill 9^. The systematic position of this species is somewhat uncertain. In structure, it agrees pretty well with M. leucophrys, except for its less rounded tail, slenderer tarsus, and much smaller, delicate feet ; characters which it shares with Pogonotriccus flaviventris of which it also partakes of the rufous superciliary streak. The colora- tion of the under parts is exactly the same as in M. slictopterus. The only specimen seen is a Bogota skin in the Paris Museum (Boucard Col- lection). b I fully agree with Ridgway (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 396, 1907) in considering this genus as perfectly distinct from Serpophaga. In coloration, the genotype (and only known species) shows some analogy to the members of the genus Ochthoeca to which it was actually referred by the late Count Berlepsch f Ornis, 14, p. 470, 1907). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 401 *Colorhamphus parvirostris (Darwin). SMALL-BILLED TYRANT. Myiobius parvirostris DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 48, July 1839 — Tierra del Fuego, "banks of the La Plata" and near Valparaiso, Chile (the type in the British Museum is marked "Santa Cruz, Patagonia"); BRIDGES, P. Z. S. Lond., n, p. no, 1843 — near Valparaiso. Tyranmda parvirostris HARTLAUB, Naumannia, 1853, p. 212 — Valdivia. Serpophaga parvirostris SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 327, 338 — Chile; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 105, 1888 — Santiago, Valparaiso, St. Martin's Cove (Chile), Santa Cruz (Patagonia); SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 714, 1898 — Tumbes, near La Concepcion, Lapataja, Beagle Channel, and Tekenikas Sound, False Cape Horn, Chile; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 365, 1902 — Lapataia and Tekenika, Tierra del Fuego. Colorhamphus parvirostris DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 331, 1910 — "Santa Cruz" and Tierra del Fuego; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 146, 1921 — Nilahue, Prov. Curic6; idem, I.e., 25, p. 185, 1923 — Cordillera de Aconcagua; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 321, 1926 — near Con- con, Chile. Elainea murina PHILIPPI, Anal. Univ. Chile, 91, p. 668, 1895 — Santiago; idem, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 15, p. 54, pi. 26, fig. 2, 1902 — Santiago, Chile ( = adult). Muscicapa parvirostris PHILIPPI, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 15, p. 55, pi. 24, fig. i, la, 1902 — Santiago and Valdivia (=juv.). Range : Chile, from the Province of Aconcagua south to Tierra del Fuego8. 3 : Chile (Bafios de Cauquenes, Prov. O'Higgins i ; Quellon, Chiloe Isl. i; unspecified i). Subfamily ELAENIINAE. Genus ELAENIA Sundevallb. Elaenia SUNDEVALL", Vetenskaps Ak. Handl. for 1835, p. 89, 1836 — type by subs, desig. ( (SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 406) Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN = Pipra flavogaster THUNBERG. • The locality "Santa Cruz, Patagonia" is open to doubt. Bridges's "Bolivian" specimen in the British Museum was no doubt secured in Chile, and Darwin's record for "the banks of the La Plata" is certainly a mistake. b Elaenia is a very natural genus, and with the possible exception of E. ruficeps and E. leucospodia which are not available for reexamination at present, the species here arranged under this generic heading are fairly uniform in structural characters. Muscicapara gaimardii, which was made the type of Elainopsis and transferred to the Cotingidae by Mr. Ridgway, I consider strictly congeneric with E. viridicata, E. flavivertex and E. caniceps, and these I am unable to separate satisfactorily from the larger species (like E. flavogaster, E. martinica, E. cristata, etc.). The tarsal envelope, the chief criterion, is an exceedingly variable feature, varying in different individuals of the same species between pycaspidean and exaspidean. 0 Variously emended to Elaenea, Elainea, Elainia and Elania. 402 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiopagis SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 26, 1888 — type by orig. desig. Elainea placens SCLATER. Elainopsis RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 210, 1905 — type by orig. desig. Elainea elegans PELZELN = M uscicapara gaimardii D'ORBIGNY. *Ekenia flavogaster flavogaster (Thunberg). YELLOW-BELLIED ELAE- NIA. Pipra flavogaster THUNBERG", Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb., 8, p. 286, 1822 — Brazil = Rio de Janeiro; see L6NNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 241 (crit.). Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 54, 1823 — Bahia (type in Berlin Museum examined). Platyrhynchus paganus SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 13, pi. 16, fig. i, 1825 — Rio de Janeiro; see HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 646, 1906 (crit.). Muscicapa brevirostris WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 799, 1831 — Rio de Janeiro; see ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 232, 1889 (crit.). Elania pagana JARDINE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 20, p. 331, 1847 — Tobago. ElaeneaP pagana CABANIS in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 701, 1848 — British Guiana; BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 476, 1856 — Congonhas, Minas Geraes; BONAPARTE, Bull. Soc. Linn. Nornaandie, 2, p. 35, 1857 — Cayenne; TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — Trinidad; EULER, Journ. Orn., 15, p. 228, 1867 — Cantagallo (nest and eggs descr.); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — San Esteban, Venezuela; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema and Itarare, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 598 — Cosnipata, Peru; idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Maranura, Peru; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 342 — Minas Geraes; LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 382 — Para; CABANIS, Journ. Orn. 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo; (?) ALLEN, Bull. Essex Inst., 8, p. 79, 1876 — Santarem; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, P- 513 — Medellin, Colombia (nest and eggs descr.); SALVIN and GOD- MAN, Ibis, 1880, p. 124 — Minca; FORBES, I.e., 1881, p. 342 — Pernambuco; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 301, 1884 — Bucaramanga; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Bartica Grove and Roraima, part; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part, spec, o', p' (Santa Marta and Minca), t'-q"' (except k'-m*, p*, and w'); CORY, Auk, 5, p. 158, 1888 — Grenada; idem, Birds W. Ind., p. 292, 1889 — Grenada; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 198, 1889 (crit.); (?) RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 278, 1890 — San- tarem; BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 335, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso, part (spec, examined); CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 38, 1894 — Princes- town, Trinidad; CORY, Auk, 10, p. 220, 1893 — Tobago; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — Paraguari, Paraguay; PHELPS, • Pipra flavogaster THUNBERG is not affected by Muscicapa flavigastra LATHAM 1801. b Variously spelt Elaenea, Elainea, or Elaenia. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 403 Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa and San Antonio, Bermudez; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; idem, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., i, p. 78, 1899 — El Mamon; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 193, 1899 — Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo; DALMAS, M6m. Soc. Zool. France, 13, p. 138, 1900 — Tobago; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 147, 1900 — Bonda, Minca, Onaca, and Caca- gualito; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 43, 1902 — Altagracia, Caicara, Quiribana de Caicara, Ciudad Bolivar, Suapure, and La Pricion, Venezuela; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 117, 1904 — Saint- Georges d'Oyapock, French Guiana; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 566 — Grenada; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 73, 1910 — Beberibe and Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Cabula, near Bahia, Porto de Pedra, and Rio Preto (Bahia), Parnagud (Piauhy). Myiobius martinicus (not Muscicapa martinica LINNAEUS) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trini- dad, p. 224, 1866 — Trinidad. Elainea martinica LAWRENCE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, p. 270, 1878 — Grenada; WELLS, I.e., 9, p. 616, 1887 — Grenada (habits, nest and eggs descr.). Elainea pagana pagana OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 137, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 23, 1906 — Seelet and Ca- paro, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 189, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad. Elaenia flavogaster(ra) BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 86, 1906 — Santa Ana, Peru; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 384, 1907 — part, excl. Ecuadorian and Peruvian localities and references (monog., synon.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 281, 1907 — part, Piquete, Sao Sebastiao, Itarare', Avanhandava, Bebedouro, Rio Mogy Guassti (Sao Paulo) and Rio Doce, Espirito Santo; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 133, 1908 — Cayenne, Roche-Marie, and Rio Approuague, French Guiana; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 585 — Sapucay, Paraguay; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1913, p. 204 — Cariaquito and Corosal, Venezuela; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 408, 1914 — Para, Rio Guama (Ourem), Maraj6 (Sao Natal), Maraca, Monte Alegre, Rio Maecuru, Rio Jamundd (Faro); MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 57, 1917 — Pocone1 and Caceres, Matto Grosso; LIMA, Rev. Mus. Paul., 12 (2), p. 99, 1920 — Bahia. Elaenea martinica flavogastra(er) CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 279, 1905 — Grenada, Bequia, Mustique, and St. Vincent; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 361, 1908 — Pointe Gourde, Trinidad; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), i, p. 97, 1909 — Guanoco, Orinoco delta; (?) DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 338, 1910 — Tucuman; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 228, 1916 — Orinoco from the delta region to the first falls (nest and eggs descr.); BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Javaweg, and Rijsdijkweg, Surinam. Elaenia pagana subpagana RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 429, 1907 — part, Grenada. Elaenia flavogaster (grenadensis'?) [sic] LOWE, Ibis, (9) 3, p. 310, 1909 — Grenada (nomen nudum). 404 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenia flavogaster flavogaster HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 199, 1909 — Ocampo, Santa F6 (nest and eggs descr.); HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math, phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 23, 89, 1912 — Para; BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), 2, p. 89, 1916 — Para; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 455, 1916 — tropical Colombia (many localities); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 94, 1920 — Santa Ana and Idma, Urubamba (spec, exam- ined); TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 366, 1922 — Bonda, Minca, Cincinnati, La Tigrera, Tierra Nueva, and Fundaci6n, Santa Marta region. Elaenia flavogaster macconnelli CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 304, 1919 — Supenaam, British Guiana. Elaenea pagana macconnelli CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 186, 1921 — numer- ous localities. Range: Northern Argentina (Prov. Santa F6); eastern Bolivia; southeastern Peru (Urubamba Valley); Paraguay; Brazil, from Sao Paulo and Matto Grosso north to Ceara, Maranhao, and Pard, extend- ing on both sides of the Amazon west to the (?) Tapajdz and Rio Branco; the Guianas; Venezuela; Colombia ; Islands of Trinidad, Tobago, Grenada, the Grenadines, and St. Vincent*. 101: Brazil, Matto Grosso (Chapada 2, Piraputanga i), Minas Geraes (Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa 6), Bahia (Sao Amaro 2, Macaco Secco, near Andarahy 2, Sao Marcello, Rio Preto i), Maranhao (Sao Luiz 2, Sao Bento 3), Amazonas (Boavista, Rio Branco i, Serra da Lua, near Boavista 2); Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz i); Surinam (near Paramaribo i); British Guiana (Georgetown 2, Hyde Park, Demerara River i); Venezuela (Caracas 2, Macuto, Caracas 5, Maracay, Aragua 12, La Ceiba, Trujillo i, Catatumbo River, Zulia i, Encontrados, Zulia 2, Rio Chama, Merida i, Colon, Tachira 5); Col- ombia (ten miles north of San Jose" de Cucuta, Santander i, Quetame i, Medellin 2, Las Lomitas, Cauca i); Tobago 31; Grenada 6; St. Vincent 4. *Elaenia flavogaster subpagana Sclater and Salwn. NORTHERN YELLOW- BELLIED ELAENIA. Elainia subpagana SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, 2, p. 36, 1860 — Duenas, Guatemala. Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, q-n', Mexico and Central America down to Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 34, 1888 — part, Central America, from Mexico to Panama. * Birds from north of the Amazon (Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago, and Colombia) are on average slightly darker above with more white in the crown, but the difference is not constant enough, in my mind, to warrant the recognition of a northern race (macconnelli). A series from Grenada appears to me indistinguishable from continental birds, being decidedly paler both above and below than E. f. sub- pagana, of Central America, to which the inhabitants of that island had been tenta- tively referred by R. Ridgway. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 405 Elaenia flavogaster (r a) subpagana BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 388, 1907 — Mexico to Panama (monog.); DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 102, 1907 — Lake Atitlan, Guatemala; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 301, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and Lagarto de Terraba, Costa Rica; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Gatun and Farfan, Panama (nest and eggs descr.). Elaenia martinica subpagana RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., so, Part 4, p. 429, 1907 — part, excl. Cozumel Island and Lesser Antilles (monog., full bibliogra- phy); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 719, 1910 — Costa Rica (range, habits, nest and eggs descr.); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; PETERS, Auk, 30, p. 376, 1913 — Xcopen and Camp Mengel, Quintana Roo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 265 — Gatun and Pedro Miguel, Panama. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico, Tabasco, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, and Chiapas), southward through Guatemala, British Honduras, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica to Panama. 1 6 : Guatemala (Lake Atitlan 3) ; Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i) ; Costa Rica (Guayabo i, San Jose" i, Orosi i, El General i) : Panama (Colon 7, Balboa i). *Elaenia flavogaster semipagana Sclater*. WEST ECUADORIAN ELAE- NIA. Elainea semipagana SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 406 — Babahoyo, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1883, p. 555 — Guayaquil and Yaguachi; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 90 — Yaguachi; SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 8, 1899 — La Concepcion (Chota Valley) and Balzar; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas. Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part, spec, q', r', Babahoyo, Santa Rita. Elaenia flavogaster semipagana BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 390, 1907 — western Ecuador (monog., crit.). Range: Western Ecuador, from the Province of Esmeraldas (Pa- ramba) south to Guayaquil. i : Ecuador (Chimbo i). • Elaenia flavogaster semipagana SCLATER is a very distinct form, differing from E. f. flavogaster by decidedly grayish front and sides of the head; more blackish crest without any, or with but traces, of white at the extreme base; much paler and more greenish back; more purely white throat; paler yellow posterior under parts; shorter bill. Wing 78-81 ; tail 72-79- This form appears to be restricted to western Ecuador. Specimens from Popayan (Colombia) are typical flavogaster and do not show the least approach to semipagana; but Chapman (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 455, 1917) mentions intergrades from Barbacoas (Narino). Material examined. — Ecuador: Chimbo i, Guayaquil i, Balzar 10, Paramba i. 406 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Elaenia spectabilis Peheln*. NATTERER'S ELAENIA. Elainea spectabilis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 176, 1868 — City of Goyaz, Goyaz (type) and Barcellos, Rio Negro, Brazil b (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 13, 1890 — Araguaya, Goyaz, Jaragua and Maria Rosa, Goyaz (crit; spec, examined). Elaenia boliviano, TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 171, 1913 — Puerto Suarez, Rio Paraguay, Bolivia (type in Carnegie Museum examined). Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 188 — Nauta, Peru; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 978 — Pebas (spec, in British Museum examined); idem, I.e., 1873, p. 279 — part, Nauta and Pebas0; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 20 — Chirimoto; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 262, 1884 — part, Pebas, Moyobamba, and Chirimoto, Peru; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part, spec, w", Pebas (spec, examined). Elaenea flavogastra IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 281, 1907 — part, Itapurd, Sao Paulo (spec, in Museu Paulista examined); (?) LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., I, p. 41, 1909 — Tucuman City. Elaenia flavogaster spectabilis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 389, 1907 — Goyaz and Rio Negro (crit.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 293, 1910 — Calama, Rio Madeira (crit.). Range: Northeastern Peru (Chirimoto, Moyobamba, Yurimaguas, Pebas) ; northern and central Brazil (Barcellos, Rio Negro ; Calama, Rio Madeira ; Goyaz, Araguaya, Jaragua, and Maria Rosa, State of Goyaz) south to Matto Grosso (Agua Blanca de Corumbd) and northern Sao Paulo (Itapura, Rio Parana), west to the Bolivian border (Puerto Suarez, Rio Paraguay); Argentina (Prov. Tucuman; Rio Guayquiraro, Prov. Corrientes). 12: Peru (Moyobamba 6, Puerto Arturo, Yurimaguas 2); Argen- tina (Concepcion, Tucumdn 4). a Elaenia spectabilis PELZELN: In coloration similar to E. f. flavogaster, but decidedly larger; crest shorter, without any white or with mere traces of it at the extreme base of a few of the central crown feathers; throat and chest much more purely grayish white. Wing (male) 88-92, (female) 83-88; tail 78-85, (female) 73-79; bill 11-12}^. In spite of its close resemblance, this bird appears to be specifically distinct from E. f. flavogaster, both species being found in Matto Grosso. Material examined. — Peru: Pebas i, Moyobamba 6, Yurimaguas 2. Brazil: Barcellos, Rio Negro i ; Calama, Rio Madeira 2 ; Goyaz, City of Goyaz (including the type) 2, Araguaya i, Jaragua i, Maria Rosa i; Agua Blanca de Corumba, Matto Grosso (American Museum Nat. History, No. 149619. Adult male, Nov. 5, 1916) i; Itapura, Sao Paulo (Museu Paulista, No. 5126. Adult male, August 1914, E. Garbe) i. Bolivia: Puerto Suarez (including the type of E. boliviano) 3. Argentina: Concep- cion, Tucuman 4; Rio Guayquiraro, Corrientes i (breeding female, taken with nest and two eggs; F. Schulz, Berlin Museum). b See Nov. Zool., 17, p. 293, footnote f. e Whether the localities Xeberos, Chyavetas, and Chamicuros also belong here or to some other species, cannot be decided in the absence of the respective examples. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 407 Elaenia chinchorrensis Griscom*. CHINCHORRO ELAENIA. Elainea chinchorrensis GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 236, p. 1926 — Great Key, Chinchorro Bank, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Range: Great Key, Chinchorro Bank, coast of Quintana Roo, eastern Mexico. *Elaenia martinica martinica (Linnaeus). ANTILLEAN ELAENIA. Muscicapa martinica LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., iath ed., i, p. 325, 1766 — based on Muscicapa martinicana cristata BRISSON, Orn., 2, p. 362, pi. 36, fig. 2, 1760, Martinique. Elainea martinica TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 169 — Dominica; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1871, p. 271 — Santa Lucia (crit.); SEMPER, I.e., 1872, p. 650 — Santa Lucia; SCLATER, I.e., 1879, p. 765 — Montserrat; LAWRENCE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., J» P- 59> 1878 — Dominica; idem, I.e., p. 191, 1878 — St. Vincent; idem, I.e., J» P- 357. *879 — Martinique; idem, I.e., p. 458, 1879 — Guadeloupe; idem, I.e., 3, p. 256, 1880 — Dominica; ALLEN, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 5, p. 166, 1880 — Santa Lucia; LISTER, Ibis, 1880, p. 41 — St. Vincent; GRISDALE, I.e., 1882, p. 489 — Montserrat; CORY, I.e., 1886, p. 473 — St. Vincent (part); p. 474 — Maria Galante; p. 475 — Grande Terre, Guadeloupe; idem, Auk, 4, p. 96, 1887 — Martinique; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, d-h, Montserrat, Dominica, Santa Lucia; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1889, p. 326 — Dominica; p. 395 — Santa Lucia; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 117, 1889 — part; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12, p. 130, 1890 — Santa Lucia; CORY, Auk, 8, p. 48, 49, 1891 — St. Kitts and Guadeloupe; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 561 — Santa Lucia; p. 567 — Martinique; p. 572 — Montserrat. Elaenea pagana martinica VERRILL, Trans. Conn. Ac. Arts and Sci., 8, p. 337, 1892 — Dominica (habits; nest and eggs descr.). Elaenea martinica martinica CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 280, 1905 — St. Vincent and Grenadines (habits). Elaenia martinica BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 391, 1907 — part, excl. Antigua and Barbados. Elaenia martinica martinica RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 30, Part 4, p. 426, 1907 — part; PETERS, Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, p. 198, 1926 (crit., range). Elainea flavogastra martinica NOBLE, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 382, 1916 — Guadeloupe. Range: Lesser Antilles (Islands of St. Eustatius, St. Kitts, Nevis, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Desirade, Marie Galante, Dominica, Mar- tinique, Santa Lucia, St. Vincent, and Mustique). • Elaenia chinchorrensis GRISCOM: Nearest to E. m. martinica, but differing in having much less green in the upper parts which are described as very dark brownish olive, with the occiput almost blackish, and the area of concealed white very extensive; the under parts ashy white, with a faint tinge of yellow on flanks and under tail coverts and a clearly defined brownish band across the chest; the soles of the toes blackish instead of yellow. Wing (male) 75; bill n. (Griscom, l.c.). This bird, which we do not know, is apparently another insular race of E. martinica. 408 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 76: St. Eustatius 23; St. Kitts 2; Guadeloupe 6; Point a Pitre, Grande Terre 4; Desirade 6; Marie Galante 5; Dominica 2; Martinique 8; Santa Lucia 18; St. Vincent 2. *Elaenia martinica barbadensis Cory*. BARBADOS ELAENIA. Elainea barbadensis CORY, Auk, 5, p. 47, 1888 — Barbados; idem, Birds W. Ind., p. 292, 1889 — Barbados. Elainea martinica (not of LINNAEUS) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 175 — Barbados; CORY, Ibis, 1886, p. 472 — Barbados; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, i-k, Barbados; FIELDEN, Ibis, 1889, p. 486 — Barbados; NICOLL, I.e., 1904, p. 558 — Barbados. Elaenea martinica barbadensis CLARK, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, p. 280, 1 9O5 — Barbados. Elaenia martinica BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 391, 1907 — part, Barbados. Elaenia martinica martinica RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 426, 1907 — part, Barbados. Elaenia martinica barbadensis LOWE, Ibis, 1909, p. 306 — Barbados (crit.); PETERS, Occ. Pap. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, p. 198, 1926 — Barbados (crit.). Range: Island of Barbados. 2: Barbados (the types) 2. *Elaenia martinica riisii Sclaterb. RUSE'S ELAENIA. Elainea riisii SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 314, 1860 — St. Thomas; NEWTON, Ibis, 1860, p. 307 — St. Thomas; SUNDEVALL, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Handl., 1869, p. 584 — St. Barthelemy. Tyrannula martinica (not Muscicapa martinica LINNAEUS) CASSIN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 375— St. Thomas (crit.). Elainea martinica SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, St. Thomas; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 117, 1889 — part; idem, Auk, 7, p. 374, 375» 1890 — Anegada and Virgin Gorda; idem, 8, p. 47, 1891 — Antigua; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 499 — Anguilla; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 40, p. 85, 1892 — St. Christoffel, Curacao; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 574 — An- guilla. Elainea martinica riisei HARTERT, Ibis, 1893, p. 318 — Mount Christoffel, Curacao; idem, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 300, 1902 — Curacao. * Elaenia martinica barbadensis CORY: Similar to E. m. martinica, but much larger in all proportions, the tail particularly longer, and the bill also stronger; colora- tion somewhat darker, especially underneath. Wing (males) 88-90; tail 80-83; bill 13-14. b Elaenia martinica riisii SCLATER: Similar to E. m. martinica, but decidedly smaller and paler. Specimens from the Dutch West Indies (Curacao, Bonaire, Aruba) appear to be indistinguishable from a series taken on the Virgin Islands. Birds from St. Barthol- omew and Antigua are likewise referable to this pale, small race. No material is available from Barbuda. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 409 Elaenia flavogastra martinica RILEY, Smiths. Mis. Coll., 47, p. 288, 1904 — Antigua and Barbuda. Elaenia martinica riisei BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 393, 1907 — Virgin Islands and Curasao (monog.); CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 200, 1909 — Aruba; p. 207 — Curasao; p. 212 — Bonaire; PETERS, Occ. Pap. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, p. 199, 1926 (crit., range). Elainea martinica martinica WETMORE, U. S. Dept. Agric., Bull., 326, p. 84, 1916 — Vieques Island, Culebra, Culebrita, and Southwest Cay, east of Porto Rico (habits, food). Range : Virgin Islands (Vieques, Culebra, Culebrita, Southwest Cay, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada) ; Lesser Antilles (Islands of St. Martin, Anguilla, St. Bartholomew, Antigua, and probably Bar- buda); Dutch West Indies (Bonaire, Curasao, Aruba). 26: St. Thomas i; Virgin Gorda 3; Anegada 6; Anguilla 3; St. Bartholomew i ; Antigua 5; Curasao i ; Bonaire 3; Aruba 2. *Elaenia martinica caymanensis Berlepsch*. CAYMAN ELAENIA. Elaenia martinica caymanensis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 394, 1907 — Grand Cay- man; LOWE, Ibis, 1911, p. 151 — Grand Cayman (crit.); BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 60, p. 312, 1916 — Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, and Cayman Brae (crit.); PETERS, Occ. Pap. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, p. 199, 1926 — Cayman Islands (crit.). Elaenia martinica complexa BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 395, 1907 — Cayman Brae; LOWE, Ibis, 1911, p. 151 — Cayman Brae. Elainea martinica (not Muscicapa martinica LINNAEUS) CORY, Auk, 3, p. 502, 1886 — Grand Cayman; idem, 4, p. 7, 1887 — Little Cayman; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 574, 1888 — Grand Cayman; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec. 1, Grand Cayman; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 36, 1888 — part, Grand Cayman; CORY, Auk, 6, p. 31, 1889 — Little Cayman and Cayman Brae; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 582 — Grand Cayman; p. 587 — Little Cayman. Elaenia martinica marlinica RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 426, 1907 — part, Grand Cayman and Cayman Brae. Elaenia martinica riisii (not of SCLATER) LOWE, Ibis, 1909, p. 342 — Grand Cay- man (crit.). Range: Islands of Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, and Cayman Brae, south of Cuba. 123 : Grand Cayman 66; Little Cayman 9; Cayman Brae 48. a Elaenia martinica caymanensis BERLEPSCH: Similar in coloration to E. m. riisii, but distinctly larger, equalling or even exceeding the dimensions of E. m. martinica. Birds from the various islands are identical. E. m. complexa was based on speci- mens discolored by "Maynard's dermal preservative." 410 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Elaenia martinica cinerescens Ridgway*. GRAYISH ELAENIA. Elainea cinerescens RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 7, p. 180, 1884 — Old Provi- dence Island; CORY, Auk, 4, p. 180, 1887 — Old Providence. Elainea martinica CORY, Auk, 4, p. 181, 1887 — St. Andrews; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 36, 1888 — part, Old Providence. Elaenia martinica cinerescens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 395, 1907 — Old Providence and St. Andrews (crit.); PETERS, Occ. Pap. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, p. 202, 1926 (crit., range). Elaenia martinica martinica RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 426, 1907 — part, Old Providence. Range: Islands of Old Providence and St. Andrews, Caribbean Sea. 24: Old Providence 19; St. Andrews 5. *Elaenia martinica remota Berlepschb. COZUMEL ELAENIA. Elaenia martinica remota BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 396, 1907 — Cozumel Island; PETERS, Occ. Pap. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, p. 202, 1926 — Cozumel and Mujeres Islands (crit.); GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 236, p. 9, 1926 — Cozu- mel Island (crit.). (?) Elainea subpagana (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SALVIN, Ibis, 1864, p. 380 — Half Moon Cay, off British Honduras. Elainea martinica (not of LINNAEUS) RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 8, p. 571, 1885 — Cozumel Island; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 36, 1888 — part, Mugeres, Meco, and Cozumel Islands, and (?) Half Moon Cay; SALVIN, Ibis, 1889, p. 359 — Meco, Mugeres, Holbox, Cozumel Islands, and (?) Half Moon Cay. Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part, spec, c-p, Mugeres, Meco, Cozumel, and Holbox Islands. Elaenia martinica martinica RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 426, 1907 — part, Cozumel and Mugeres Islands. Elainea flavogastra (/) remota GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 235, p. 14, 1926 — Culebra Key, Quintana Roo. Range: Islands off the coast of Yucatan and (?) British Honduras. 2 : Cozumel Island 2. *Elaenia albiceps griseogularis Sclater0. GRAY-THROATED ELAENIA. a Elaenia martinica cinerescens RIDGWAY: Very similar to E. m. martinica, but averaging slightly larger, with stronger bill; under parts, as a rule, more strongly perfused with pale yellowish. b Elaenia martinica remota BERLEPSCH: In coloration closely similar to E. m. martinica, but rump slightly more brownish, throat and chest deeper grayish, and size decidedly less. Wing (male) 82, (female) 74; tail 72, (female) 66; bill n. 0 Elaenia albiceps griseogularis SCLATER: Nearest to E. albiceps moaesta, of Peru, but upper parts much darker, more brownish ; lateral occipital feathers less elongated; 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 411 Elainea griseogularis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 26, p. 554, pi. 146, fig. i, 1858 — Riobamba, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 1861, p. 407 — part, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1884, p. 296 — Cechce and Bugnac; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 90 — Mapoto, Palichtagua, and San Rafael; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 8, 1899 — Pun, Gualea, and Lloa. Elainea albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) PELZELN, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 24, p. 770, 1877 — Ecuador (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, k-m, "Sarayacu," "Jima," Riobamba; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — Pichincha and Papal- lacta (spec, examined). Elaenia griseigularis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 407, 1907 — Ecuador (crit., monog.) ; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"ogr. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 655, 1911 — Lloa, Ecuador. "Elainea albiceps subsp.? (cfr. griseogularis et albivertex)" HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — Ibarra, Cayambe, and "Paramba," northern Ecuador (spec, examined). &.ange : Temperate Zone of Ecuador. i: Ecuador (Chical, 10,000 ft. i). *Elaenia albiceps modesta Tschudi. PERUVIAN ELAENIA. Elaenia modesta TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 274, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 159, 1846 — coast region of Peru (type in Neuchatel Museum examined8) ; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 407 — part, Peru ; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 536 — Lima and Monterico, Peru. Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — part, Tacna; D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am&r. merid., Ois., p. 319, 1839 — part, Tacna. Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 99 — Lima. Elainea albiceps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 406 — part, Peru; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1868, p. 174 — Tambo Valley, Dept. Arequipa (spec, examined); idem, I.e., p. 568, 569 — Arequipa; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 185 — Cosnipata; idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — part, Huiro (spec, examined); TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1879, p. 234 — Tambillo and Chota (egg descr.); SALVIN, I.e., 1883, p. 423 — Callao; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 263, 1884 — Tacna, Lima, Paltaypampa, Moquegua, Lima, Monterico, and Paucal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, white crown patch less extensive; throat decidedly darker grayish. Wing 75-79; 70-74. Material examined. — Ecuador: Ibarra (6,600 ft.) 2, Cayambe i, Pichincha 3, Papallacta 2, Bugnac i, Mapoto i, Chical i, unspecified 3. a The type labelled "Elaenia modesta Tsch. Voyage de M. Tschudi, PeYou" agrees with specimens from the coast region (Lima) . A second example in the Neucha- tel Museum secured by Tschudi is referable to E. gigas; but there is no evidence what- ever that it is one of the originals of E. modesta, since its label reads "Elainia albiceps d'Orb. griseogularis Scl. PeYou. Voyage de M. Tschudi." Besides, Tschudi's descrip- tion clearly applies to the common white-bellied Elaenia. See Berlepsch and Hell- mayr, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 12, 1905. 4i2 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, v-a', Peru, Huiro, Tambo Valley, Arequipa, and Callao; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 1891, p. 134 — Pica, Tarapaca, Chile; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 12, 1895 — Cajabamba, Chusgon (Huamachuco), and Malca (Cajabamba); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lend., 1896, p. 364 — Garita del Sol, Dept. Junin; LANE, Ibis, 1897, p. 33 — part, Pica, Tarapacd. Elaenia albiceps modesta BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 380 — Lima; idem, Ornis, 13, p. 87, 1906 — Idma, Urubamba; idem, I.e., p. 113, 1906 — Rio Cadena and Huaynapata, Marcapata; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 405, 1907 — Peru (monog., syn.); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 95, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge, Occobamba Valley, and Torontoy, Urubamba. Elaenia albiceps new subsp. CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 95, 1921 — Chospiyoc and Pisac, Urubamba region. Elaenia albiceps albiceps HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 28, 1925 — part, spec. No. 4, Tacna. Range: Peru (from depts. Cajamarca and San Martin south to Moquegua and Marcapata) and extreme northwestern Chile (prov. Tacna and Tarapaca)a. 28: Peru (Moyobamba, Dept. San Martin 10; Cullcui, Marafion River i, Huachipa 4, Chinchao i, Vista Alegre 4, Huanuco, Dept. Huanuco 4; Santa Eulalia i, Chosica, Dept. Lima 3). Elaenia albiceps albiceps (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). WHITE- CRESTED ELAENIA. Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 47, 1837 — part, Yungas, Bolivia (types in Paris Museum examined); D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. m6rid., Ois., p. 319, 1839 — part, Yungas, Bolivia. Elainea albiceps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 406 — part, Bolivia; idem and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 614 — Prov. Yungas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, Bolivia; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 527, 1908 — • Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins (spec, examined). Elainea pagana subsp. albiceps ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 197, 1889 — part. Elaenea pagana albiceps ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 335, 1892 — part, Chapada, Matto Grosso (spec, examined). Elaenia albiceps BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 403, 1907 — part, Yungas, Chaco, Omeja, Bolivia (monog.); SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 409, 1914 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins. Elaenia albiceps albiceps HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 28, 1925 — part, spec, a-c, Yungas, Bolivia (crit.). 8 Peruvian birds are perhaps divisible into two or more races, those from the north (Moyobamba) being slightly smaller and greener above, while two from Idma (Urubamba) are very large and unusually deeply colored on the under parts. There is, however, so much individual variation that a far larger series than I have been able to examine is required to define any possible local races. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 413 Range: Andes of Bolivia (in depts. La Paz, Cochabamba, and Santa Cruz), and apparently Brazil (Ypanema, Sao Paulo; Chapada, Matto Grosso; Bahia; Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins, Pard)B. *Elaenia albiceps chilensis subsp. nov.b CHILEAN ELAENIA. Myiobius albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) DARWIN, Zool. Beagle, 3, p. 47, 1839 — part, Tierra del Fuego, Port Famine, Chonos Archipelago, and near Valparaiso0; GERMAIN, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 311, 1860 — Santiago, Chile (breeding habits). * The breeding range of typical albiceps is probably restricted to the Andes of Bolivia, at elevations of 2500 metr. and upwards. Good series have been examined from various localities in the Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba. The Carnegie Museum also possesses a wholly typical adult taken by Jose" Steinbach on the Rio Surutu, alt. 500 metr., Dept. Santa Cruz, on Sept. 27, 1917 (Carnegie Museum, No. 79655), where the same collector also obtained specimens of E. parvirostris. The species has, furthermore, been found in various parts of Brazil, and it is hard to ex- plain the occurrence of a Temperate Zone bird in the tropical lowlands. Still, I am unable to satisfactorily distinguish six Brazilian examples (one of which comes from so far north as the lower Tocantins), although they appear to be paler on the upper parts, while their bills are very nearly as small as in E. a. chilensis. Certain specimens from Bolivia (Suapi, Cochabamba) show a decided approach to the allied E. parvirostris and may be the result of interbreeding. Material examined. — Bolivia, Dept. La Paz: Yungas (the types) 2, Chaco (near La Paz) 3, Omeja 2; Dept. Cochabamba, Incachaca 5, Cochabamba 7, Duraznillo i ; Rio Surutu, Dept. Santa Cruz i. Brazil: Ypanema, Sao Paulo r (female, February 28, 1819, J. Natterer, Vienna Museum, No. 19458); Chapada, Matto Grosso 2 (American Museum Nat. History, No. 33190. Adult male, Sept. 20, 1889; No. 33448. Male, October 3, 1883, H. H. Smith); Urucum, Matto Grosso i (American Museum Nat. History, No. 127873. Roosevelt Expedition) ; Bahia i (trade skin, Coll. Berlepsch) ; Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins i (adult female, April 29, 1907. O. Martins, Museu Goeldi, No. 5417). b Elaenia albiceps chilensis subsp. nov. Type from Curacautin, Prov. Malleco, Chile, in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 57683. Male. January 10, 1924. C. C. Sanborn. ' Adult (sexes alike). — Nearest to E. a. albiceps, but decidedly smaller, with much slenderer, weaker bill ; crown patch larger, pure white, without trace of the yellowish or buffy tinge on the subapical portion of the crest-feathers, so conspicuous in the Bolivian race; upper parts, as a rule, somewhat paler and more greenish, with less dusky suffusion on the pileum. Wing (male) 75-79, (female) 70-74 (in E. a. albiceps 79-85, female 75-78) ; tail 64-68, (female) 60-64 (m E- a- albiceps 70-79, female 69-73) '. bill lo-n. Remarks. — Specimens from Tierra del Fuego and western Patagonia (Lago Blanco, Chubut and Lago Nahuel Huapi) are identical with the Chilean series, with which an immature male from Cosquin (Cordoba), two adults from Ocampo (Santa Fe"), and one from Las Talas (Buenos Aires) likewise agree. Four adult males from Catamarca (Fuerte de Andalgala), by slightly larger size (wing 78, 79, 80, 8 1 ; tail 65 ^, 68, 68, 70) and darker upper parts, exhibit a decided tendency in the direction of E. a. albiceps , though they resemble the Chilean bird in the large, pure white crest and small bill. Material examined. — Chile 26. Argentina: Concepcion, Tucuman i ; Fuerte de Andalgala, Catamarca (Sept., Oct. 1880, E. W. White) 4; Cosquin, Cordoba (Oct. 13, 1882, E. W. White) i; Ocampo, Santa F6 (male, Nov. 17, 1905; female, Oct. 12, 1905; M. Rodriguez) 2; Las Talas, Buenos Aires (no date) i; Lake Nahuel Huapi, Neu- quen 4; Valle del Lago Blanco, Chubut i. Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia i, Seno Almir- antazgo 2, Punta Arenas i. 0 The specimens procured on the banks of the La Plata in Uruguay no doubt belonged to E. parvirostris. 414 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenea modesta (not of TSCHUDI) BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 246, 1860 — Mendoza. Elainea modesta BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 454, 1861 — part, Men- doza and Catamarca; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 327, 338 — Chile. Elainea albiceps SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1878, p. 433 — Port Chur- rucha; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 145, 1888 — part; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, c'-m', Chile, Valparaiso, Port Famine, Straits of Magellan, Mendoza; RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12, p. 132, 1890 — Laredo Bay, Sandy Point, Port Otway, and Port Chur- rucha, Chile; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; OUSTALET, Miss. Sci. Cap Horn, 6, p. 60, 1891 — Orange Bay and Punta Arenas (nest and eggs descr.) ; LANE, Ibis, 1897, p. 33 — part, Corral, Hacienda Mansel, and Rio Bueno, Chile; SCHALOW, Zool. Jahrb., Suppl., 4, p. 712, 1898 — Serena (Coquimbo), Santiago, Llanquihue, Seno Almirantazgo, and Punta Arenas, Chile; ARRIBALZAGA, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 165, 1902 — Lago General Paz, Chubut; DABBENE, I.e., p. 365, 1902 — Ushuaia and Lapataia, Tierra del Fuego; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 43 — Punta Arenas and Gray's Harbour, Smythe's Channel; CRAWSHAY, Birds Tierra del Fuego, p. 70, 1907 — Rio McClelland Settlement. Elaenia albiceps BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 403, 1907 — part, Chile, Mendoza, Catamarca, Patagonia; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 338, 1910 — part, excl. Tucuman and Barracas al Sud; SANZIN, El Hornero, i, p. 151, -1918 — Mendoza; BARROS, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 24, p. 146, 1921 — Nilahue, Curic6; idem, I.e., 25, p. 185, 1923 — Cordillera de Aconcagua; DAGUERRE, El Hornero, 2, p. 269, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; GIA- COMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., 3, p. 168, 1923 — San Isidro, Prov. Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 648, 1924 — Prov. Buenos Aires. Elaenia albiceps albiceps HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 198, 1909 — Catamarca (Fuerte de Andalgala), Cosquin (Cordoba), and Chubut, Pata- gonia (spec, examined); REED, Av. Prov. Mendoza, p. 37, 1916 — Mendoza; HUSSEY, Auk, 33, p. 394, 1916 — La Plata; PETERS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 325, 1925 — Lake Nahuel Huapi; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 327, 1926 — Rio Negro south of General Roca, Potrerillos (Mendoza), and Tapia, Tucuman; idem, Univ. Calif. Pub. Zool., 24, p. 452, 1926 — Bariloche, Rio Negro, and Rio Pico, Chubut. Range : Chile, from Coquimbo south to Tierra del Fuego, and west- ern Argentina, north to Cordoba, Catamarca, and Tucuman, on mi- gration east to Buenos Aires and Santa F£ (Ocampo). 24: Chile (San Jose* de Maipo, Prov. Santiago 2; Tolhuaca i, Curacautin, Prov. Malleco 2 ; Villa Portales, Prov. Cautin i ; Mafil, Prov. Valdivia 7; Quellon, Chiloe 8; Rio Nireguao, Prov. Llanquihu£ i) ; Argentina (Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe" i ; Concepcion, Tucuman i). *Elaenia parvirostris Pelzeln*. SMALL-BILLED ELAENIA. • Elaenia parvirostris PELZELN, although similar in general appearance to E. al- biceps, is distinguished by shorter, broader bill; smaller size; more greenish upper 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 415 Elainea parvirostris PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 178, 1868 — Curytiba, Parand (type), Borba, Rio Madeira, and Barcellos, Rio Negro (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Elainea hypospodia SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 49 — Valencia, Venezuela (type in British Museum examined)8; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 144, 1888 — Valencia; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 411, 1907 (ex SCLATER). Elainea albiventris CHAPMAN, Auk, 14, p. 368, 1897 — Cumanacoa, Bermudez, Venezuela (type in American Museum of Nat. History, New York examined) ; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 170, 1914 (crit.). (?) Elainea arechavalelae BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 119, 1901 — Alto Parana^ Paraguay1*; idem, Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat., 17, p. 223, 1913 (crit.). Elainea modesta (not of TSCHUDI) BURMEISTER, Reise La Plata St., a, p. 454, 1861 — part, Parana; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 751 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru (spec, from Chyavetas in British Museum ex- amined); idem, I.e., 1868, p. 142 — Conchitas, Prov. Buenos Aires; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 26, p. 197, 1878 — Sierra of Cordoba (spec, examined); BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 200, 1883 — Concepcion, Entrerios (nest and eggs descr.). Elainea albiceps (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 279 — Xeberos and Chyavetas, Peru; WHITE, I.e., 1882, p. 606 — Flores, Buenos Aires (spec, in Tring Museum examined); (?) DURNFORD, Ibis, 1878, p. 60 — Buenos Aires; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 133, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Roraima, part (spec, exam- ined); BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 12, 1887 — Lambare', Paraguay; SCLA- TER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, d, n-q, t'-w', Roraima, Pebas, Chyavetas, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined); SCLATER and HUD- parts; shorter occipital feathers with less white; paler and purer grayish throat and chest ; and by having the lesser wing-coverts frequently tipped with white, forming an indistinct third band across the wing. Wing 70-75, once (Maroins, Rio Machados) 78, (female) 64-70; tail 62-70, (female) 55-63; bill 9^-11. In Rio Grande do Sul this species appears to interbreed with E. mesoleuca. Material examined. — Argentina, Prov. Buenos Aires: Flores (E. W. White coll.) 6, Barracas al Sud 3, La Plata i ; Prov. Cordoba, El Carrizal i, Cordoba (F. Schulz) i ; Prov. Santa Fe\ Ocampo 2, Mocovi 2; Prov. Tucumdn, Tapia 2, Los Vasquez i, Concepcion n ; Prov. Salta, Arenal i, Miraflores, Dept. Oran 2; Prov. Entrerios, Con- cepcion i, La Soledad 2. Paraguay: Villa Rica i, Lambare' i. Uruguay: Santa Elena i. Bolivia, Dept. Santa Cruz: Buenavista 4, Rio Yapacani i, Rio Surutu 2, Prov. del Sara i, Samaipata i, Palmarito, San Julian, Chiquitos i; Yacuiba, Dept. Tarija i. Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul: Camaquam i, Taquara do Mundo Novo 8; Desterro, Santa Catharina 4; Curytiba, Parana (the types) 2 ; Maroins, Rio Machados i; Borba, Rio Madeira i; Teffe', Rio Solimoes 2; Barcellos, Rio Negro 2. British Guiana: Roraima 4. Venezuela: Quiribana de Caicara, Rio Orinoco i ; Cumanacoa, Bermudez (type of E. albiventris) i; El Escorial, MeYida i. Colombia: Bogotd 8. Peru: Chyavetas i, Pebas 2. Island of Aruba i. • The type is an individual variant of £. paryirostris lacking the lippchrom tints in its plumage. A Bolivian specimen (b' of E. albiceps Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 143) is quite similar. b Description and measurements correspond fairly well t'o the characters of E. parvirostris. 416 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. SON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 145, 1888 — part; (?) WITHINGTON, Ibis, 1888, p. 465 — Lomas de Zamora; (?) HOLLAND, I.e., 1891, p. 16; (?) idem, I.e., 1892, p. 200 — Est. Espartillar, Prov. Buenos Aires; APLIN, Ibis, 1894, P- *79 — Santa Elena, Uruguay; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — San Pablo (Tucuman) and Santa Rosa (Salta); IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Tucuman; (?) GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 118 — Los Ynglases, Aj6; (?) GIBSON, I.e., 1918, p. 403 — Cape San Antonio. Elainea albiceps parvirostris BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 44, 1902 — part, spec. No. 10803, Quiribana de Caicara, Rio Orinoco; HELLMAYR, I.e., 14, p. 47, 1907 — Teff£, Rio Solimoes. Elaenia albiceps subsp. parvirostris DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 339, 1910 — Entrerios, Buenos Aires. Elaenia parvirostris BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 412, 1907 — Colombia (Bogota), Venezuela, British Guiana, Peru, Brazil, Argentina (crit., monog.); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 198, 1909 — Flores (Buenos Aires), La Sole- dad (Entrerios), Los Vasquez and Tapia (Tucuman), Ocampo (Santa F6), Batracas al Sud (Buenos Aires), and Salta (spec, in Tring Museum examined) ; HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 294, 1910 — Maroins, Rio Machados; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 585 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 339, 1912 — Villa Rica, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parand; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 229, 1916 — Orinoco River from Las Barrancas up to Caicara (nest and eggs descr.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 456, 1917 — Florencia, Rio Caqueta, Colombia; DABBENE, El Hornero, i, p. 237, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia; TREMOLERAS, I.e., 2, p. 21, 1920 — Montevideo and Canelones, Uruguay; DAGUERRE, I.e., p. 268, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; SERIE and SMYTH, I.e., 3, p. 49, 1923 — Santa Elena, Entrerios; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 648, 1924 — Buenos Aires; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 328, 1926 — Los Ynglases, near Lavalle (Buenos Aires), San Vicente (Uruguay), and Tapia, Tucuman (crit.). Elaenea cristata (!) parvirostris CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 190, 1921 — part, Upper Takutu Mts., Abary River, Roraima. Range: Argentina, from northern Buenos Aires and Cordoba northwards; Paraguay; Uruguay; Brazil, from Rio Grande do Sul north to Amazonia (Rio Madeira; Teffe; Rio Negro); British Guiana (Roraima); Venezuela (Orinoco Valley; Bermudez; Merida); eastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta; "Bogota"); eastern Peru (Pebas, Chyavetas); eastern Bolivia (depts. Santa Cruz and Tarija) ; accidental on the Island of Aruba, Dutch West Indies. 20: Argentina (El Carrizal, Sierra de Cordoba i ; Concepcion, Tuc- uman 1 1) ; Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 2) : Uruguay (Polanco i, Rio Cebollati 2, los Cuervos 2); Island of Aruba (male, May 6, 1908) i. *Elaenia mesoleuca Cabanis and Heine*. HEINE'S ELAENIA. • Elaenia, mesoleuca CABANIS and HEINE: Nearly allied to E. parvirostris, but decidedly larger; crown without any, or with very little white at the extreme base of 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 417 Elainea mesoleuca CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein, 2, p. 60, 1859 — Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (type in Heine Collection examined) ; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 132, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 153, 1888 — Bahia; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 193, 1899 — Piquete and Ypiranga, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 233, 1900 — Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul (nest and eggs descr.); idem, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 284, 1907 — Salto Grande do Rio Paranapanema and Itarar6 (Sao Paulo), Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 586 — Sapucay, Paraguay. Elainea albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 1868 — Ypanema, Sao Paulo and Curytiba, Parana (spec, examined). Elaenia mesoleuca BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 415, 1907 — Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul (monog.); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 199, 1909 — Ocampo, Santa F6 (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 339, 1910 — Ocampo and Alto Parand; idem, I.e., 23, p. 341, 1912 — San Rafael, Paraguay; CHROSTOWSKI, Compt. Rend. Soc. Sci. Varsovie, 5, p. 481, 498, 1912 — Vera Guajany, Parand; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay; DABBENE, Bol. Soc. Physis, i, p. 344, 1914 — Ocampo and Misiones. Elaenea mesoleuca BERTONI, Rev. Inst. Parag., 1907, p. — [author's sep. p. 4] — upper Iguazu, Paraguay. Range: Southeastern Brazil, from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (prov. Misiones, Chaco, and Santa Fe-). i: Argentina (Las Palmas, Chaco i). *Elaenia strepera Cabanis*. NOISY ELAENIA. a few feathers; chest shaded with greenish and very often flammulated with pale yellowish; malar region greenish instead of pale grayish; flanks more strongly tinged with yellowish green, etc. From E. a. albiceps it is easily distinguished by lighter, greener upper parts; more greenish chest; more yellowish flanks and under tail- coverts; much less elongated crown-feathers with hardly any white at base, and differently shaped bill. Wing 76-83, (female) 74-80; tail 66-73. Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia 3; Ypanema, Sao Paulo 2, Victoria, Sao Paulo i; Curytiba, Parana 10, Roca Nova, Serra do Mar, Parand 4; Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul 8. Argentina: Ocampo, Santa F6 i ; Chaco i. B Elaenia strepera CABANIS stands quite by itself. The slate gray coloration of the. upper parts, sides of head, throat, chest, and flanks, and the short, wide bill render it easily recognizable among its congeners. Females and immature males are more or less tinged with olive both above and below, while the larger upper wing- coverts are tipped with olive buffy instead of with pale grayish. The range of this species is extraordinary. An adult male and a female from the foothills of the Sierra de Imataca, Venezuela (Carnegie Museum, Nos. 34098, 34244. M. A. Carriker, Jr.) differ from a series of topotypes only by their smaller, slenderer bills and paler slate gray upper parts of the male. However, an "Orinoco" trade skin in the Berlepsch Collection, while agreeing in shape of bill, is even darker slate gray than birds from Tucumdn. Material examined. — Argentina, Prov. Tucumdn: La Hoyada 2, La Criolla i, Las Cuchillas 2, Concepcion i, near Tucumdn i. Venezuela: Peru Mine, El Callao (adult male, May 10, 1910) i, San German de Upata (female, June 2, 1910) i. 4i 8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elainea strepera CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 31, p. 215, 1883 — foothills of the Andes of Tucuman; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 145, 1888 — Tucuman; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 143, 1888 — Tucuman; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Tafi Viejo and La Hoyada, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — same localities; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — La Criolla, Tucuman; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 411, 1907 — Tucuman (monog.); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 198, 1909 — Tafi Viejo, La Criolla, and La Hoyada, Tucuman (nest and eggs descr.); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 339, 1910 — Tucuman. Range: Northwestern Argentina (Prov. Tucumdn) and north- eastern Venezuela (El Callao and San German de Upata, Sierra de Imataca). i: Argentina (Concepcion, Tucuman i). *Elaenia gigas Sclater*. GIANT ELAENIA. Elainea gigas SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., "1870," p. 831, publ. about March 1871 — Rio Napo, Ecuador; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1873, p. 185 — Cosnipata, Peru; idem, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Huiro; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 536 — Amable Maria and Ninabamba, Peru; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Huambo; idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 265, 1884 — Monterico, Amable Maria, Cosnipata, and Huambo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 140, 1888 — Rio Napo, Sarayacu (Ecuador), Huiro and Cosnipata (Peru); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 364 — La Merced, Chanchamayo. Elainea albiceps (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 71, 1858 — Rio Napo. Elainea pagana (not of LICHTENSTEIN) GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — Archidona, Ecuador (spec, examined). Elaenia gigas BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 397, 1907 — eastern Colombia (Bogota) to southeastern Peru (monog.); CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 455, 1917 — La Morelia and Villavicentio, Colombia; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 94, 1921 — Idma, Urubamba, Peru. Range : Tropical Zone of the eastern side of the Andes from Colom- bia to southeastern Peru (Urubamba region). 2 : Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Hudnuco i ; Rio Colorado, Chancha- mayo, Dept. Junin i). Elaenia pelzelni Berlepsch*. PELZELN'S ELAENIA. • Elaenia gigas, while allied to the E. flavogaster group, is easily recognizable by its large size, extensive white occipital patch, decidedly olivaceous back with dusky centers on the mantle, etc. Females are much smaller (wing 84-86, against 91-98 in the males). Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota i. Ecuador: Archidona i. Peru: Huayabamba i, Pozuzo (Hudnuco) i, Vista Alegre (Huanuco) i, La Merced i, Rio Colorado, Chanchamayo i, unspecified i. b Elaenia pelzelni BERLEPSCH: Upper parts dark earthy brown, without any olive tinge (much deeper and browner than in E. flavogaster and E, spectabUis') ; median 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 419 Elaenia pglzelni BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 397, 1907 — Lamalonga, Rio Negro, Brazil (type in Vienna Museum examined ;=juv.); SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 61, p. 524, 1913 — north of the Amazon; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 408, 1914 — Monte Alegre, Rio Maecurii, and Obidos (spec, examined). Elainea modesta (not of TSCHUDI) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 1868 — La- malonga. Range : Northern Brazil (Monte Alegre, Rio Maecuru, and Obidos, north bank of lower Amazon; Lamalonga, Rio Negro). *Elaenia cristata Pelzeln*. CRESTED ELAENIA. Elainea cristata PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 177, 1868 — City of Goyaz, Brazil (types in Vienna Museum examined) ; BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 12, 1890 — Lavrinhas, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 43, 1902 — Altagracia and Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela (nest and eggs descr.) ; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910; I.e., p. 160, 1925 — Sao Antonio de Gil- boez, Piauhy (spec, examined). Elainea lophotes BERLEPSCH (and LEVERKUHN), Ornis, 6, p. 13, in text, 1890 — Merum£ Mts., British Guiana (types in Berlepsch Collection examined). crest-feathers white only at the extreme base as in E. spectabilis; median and greater wing-coverts tipped with grayish, forming two indistinct bands; quills and rectrices dusky, exteriorly edged with brownish ; sides of the head dark earthy brown like the crown; throat and chest somewhat paler earthy brown (lightest on throat), passing into pale grayish brown on sides and flanks; middle of breast and abdomen exten- sively white; under tail-coverts white, the longer ones centrally streaked with dusky; axillaries and under wing-coverts isabella color, inner margin of remiges somewhat paler, more buffy; bill blackish. Wing (male) 89; tail 72-75; bill 13. The type, a juvenile bird with undeveloped tail, agrees with another specimen in corresponding plumage, secured by O. Martins at Monte Alegre on September 16, 1908 (Museu Goeldi, No. 6106). Both are more rufescent above than the adult. E. pelzelni is a strongly characterized species, the dark brown dorsal surface and the distinctly parti-colored under parts being the most striking features. In size it equals E. spectabilis, but has even a larger bill, and in shape of crest (with little white at the base) it more nearly agrees with that bird than any other member of the genus. Material examined. — Brazil: Lamalonga (the type) i; Monte Alegre i, Rio Maecuru i. a Elaenia cristata PELZELN is a very distinct species. The small size with relatively large bill, the long crest of dark brown, laterally grayish-edged feathers without trace of white, and the grayish olive back render it easily recognizable among its affines. Wing 70-74, (female) 64-69; tail 61-65, (female) 54-62. Specimens from the Orinoco Valley and French Guiana agree perfectly with series from various parts of Brazil. Birds from British Guiana (lophotes) average rather darker (more brownish olive) on the upper parts, with the crest-feathers more black- ish brown, but the divergency appears too inconstant to warrant the recognition of a separate form. A single male from Santa Ana (Peru) is larger (wing 78; tail 72) than any other specimen I have seen. Material examined. — Venezuela, Rio Orinoco: Altagracia 5, Quiribana de Cai- cara i. British Guiana: Roraima 7, Merum£ Mountains (types of E. lophotes} 2, Annai i. French Guiana: Cayenne 6. Brazil: Boa Vista, Rio Bran co 2 ; Santarem, Rio Tapaj6z 4; Cod<5, Maranhao 2; Sao Antonio de Gilboez, Piauhy i; Ceara (un- specified) i ; Bahia 27, Sao Amaro, Bahia i ; Goyaz City, Goyaz (including the types) 7, Philadelphia, Goyaz 2; Lavrinhas, Matto Grosso i; Franca, Sao Paulo i. Peru: Santa Ana i. 420 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenia cristata whitelyi CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 304, 1919 — Mount Roraima, British Guiana; idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 189, 1921 — Abary River, Mei-urne" Mts., and Roraima. Elaenia cristata BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 86, 1906 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 398, 1907 (monog., range); idem, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 133, 1908 — Cayenne, French Guiana; HELL- MAYR, I.e., p. 45, 1908 — Goyaz and Fazenda Esperanca, Goyaz; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 408, 1914 — Rio Tapaj6z (Boim) and Monte Alegre; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 229, 1916 — Ciudad Bolivar, Agua Salada de Ciudad Bolivar, Caicara, and Quiribana de Caicara, Rio Orinoco. Elaenea cristata IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 281, 1907 — Bahia and Santarem (spec, examined). Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — part, Roraima (spec, in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part, spec. n"-p", Roraima. Elainea albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, e, s', x', Roraima, Goyaz, Ceara (spec, examined). Range: Campos of Brazil, in states of Amazonas (Boavista, Rio Branco), Para (Monte Alegre; Boim and Santarem, Rio Tapajoz), Maranhao (Cod6, Cocos), Piauhy (Sao Antonio de Gilboez), Bahia (Sao Amaro), Goyaz (City of Goyaz, Fazenda Esperanca, Philadelphia), Matto Grosso (Lavrinhas), and Sao Paulo (Franca); French Guiana (Cayenne); British Guiana (Roraima, Merume' Mountains, Annai); Venezuela (banks of the Orinoco River from Ciudad Bolivar to Quiribana de Caicara); eastern Peru (Santa Ana, Urubamba Valley). 10 : Brazil (Boavista, Rio Branco 2 ; Santarem, Rio Tapaj6z 3 ; Phila- delphia, Goyaz 2; Cod6, Cocos, Maranhao 2; Sao Amaro, Bahia i). *Elaenia chiriquensisa chiriquensis Lawrence. LAWRENCE'S ELAENIA. Elainea chiriquensis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 176, 1867 — David, Panama; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 147 — Santa F6 (Veragua) and David. Elaenia chiriquensis chiriquensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 432, 1907 — part, Panama references and localities only; BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 301, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and Lagarto, Costa Rica (crit.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 719, 1910 — Buenos Aires, El General de Terraba, Boruca, Costa Rica; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 191 8,p. 265 — Gatun and Miraflores, Panama. • Elaenia chiriquensis, although often confused with E. flavogaster, is a very dis- tinct species, as pointed out by the late Count Berlepsch, its best characters being the much more compressed, slenderer bill and the much shorter, also differently shaped crest feathers. It is, moreover, decidedly smaller in all proportions. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 421 Elaenia chiriquensis HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 317, 1924 — Rio Velazquez and Bal- boa, Panama. Elaenia sordidata BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 28, 1901 — San Miguel Island, Panama. Elainea albivertex sordidata THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 152, 1905 — San Miguel Island (crit.). Elaenia chiriquensis sordidata RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 433, 1907 — San Miguel Island. Elainea albivertex (not of PELZELN) THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 218, 1906 — Savanna of Panama. Elainea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 137, 1888 — part. Elaenia albivertex (not of PELZELN) BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 400, 1907 — part, Boruca, Terraba, and Buenos Aires (Costa Rica), Chiriqui, Panama, and San Miguel Island (crit.). Range: Southwestern Costa Rica and Panama (east to the Canal Zone and including San Miguel Island)*. 3: Panama (Colon 3). Elaenia chiriquensis brachyptera Berlepschb. SHORT-WINGED ELAENIA. Elaenia brachyptera BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 407, 1907 — San Pablo, Prov. Tuqueres, Colombia (type examined). Range: Tropical Zone of southwestern Colombia (San Pablo, Prov. Tuqueres) and northwestern Ecuador (San Javier and Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas). *Elaenia chiriquensis albivertex Pelzeln*. WHITE-CROWNED ELAENIA. a Specimens from southwestern Costa Rica appear to me exactly like others from Panama, nor am I able to satisfactorily distinguish the San Miguel Island race (sordidata). Material examined. — Costa Rica: Boruca 10, Terraba 3, Buenos Aires 5. Pana- ma: Boquete i, El Banco, Chiriqui 2 ; Panama (City) 4, Colon 3, San Miguel Island 4. b Elaenia chiriquensis brachyptera BERLEPSCH: Agreeing in structure with E. c. chiriquensis, but upper parts darker, more brownish olive; throat and chest tinged with grayish olive, and abdomen somewhat deeper yellow; size rather smaller. Wing (male) 67-71, (female) 67-69; tail 63-64, (female) 61^-63; bill 10. This is a smaller, darker form of E. c. chiriquensis whose range appears to be restricted to the southwestern section of Colombia and the adjacent parts of western Ecuador. Certain specimens from Costa Rica (Boruca) approach it closely in colora- tion, but are larger. In the original description, the measurements of the male are disfigured by misprint. Material examined. — Colombia: San Pablo (including the type) 3. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Paramba (3,500 ft.) i, San Javier (60 ft.) i. 0 Elaenia chiriquensis albivertex PELZELN: Very similar to E. c. chiriquensis, but chest more grayish and abdomen paler yellowish; upper parts on average slightly more grayish olive, less brownish. 1 am unable to find any constant differences between series from Brazil (albiver- tex), Peru (gracilis), and Colombia (sororia). With few exceptions, the South Ameri- 422 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elainea albivertex PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 177, 1868 — Ypanema, Sao Paulo (type), Goyaz, and Forte do Rio Branco, Brazil (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 301, 1884 — Bucara- manga, Colombia (crit. ; spec, examined) ; BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 2, 1905 (crit., char., synon., range); NICOLL, Ibis, 1906, p. 668 — Itaparica Island, Bahia; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 283, 1907 — Bogota (range); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 119 — Curuzti Chica, Paraguay. Elainea lundii REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 344, pi. 8, fig. i — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (type in Mus. Copenhagen examined). Elainea gracilis TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 271, 1884 — Chirimoto, Peru (type in Warsaw Museum examined). Elaenia sororia BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 175, 1898 — Palomina, Santa Marta region, Colombia (type examined). Elainea sp. (allied to E. mesoleuca) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 1 88 — Nauta and lower Ucayali (spec, examined). Elainea griseogularis (not of SCLATER) REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 343 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (spec, examined). Elainea albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 16 — part, Potrero, Urubamba, Peru (spec, examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — part, Merum6 Mts. and Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, f, i, r, r', y', Roraima, Merume Mts., Cayenne, lower Ucayali, Goyaz, and Lagoa Santa (spec, examined); IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 193, 1899 — Ypiranga and Sao Carlos do Pinhel, Sao Paulo (spec, examined). Elainea spec. inc. TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 20 — Chirimoto. Elaenea pagana (not Muscicapa pagana LICHTENSTEIN) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 335, 1892 — part, Chapada, Matto Grosso (spec, examined). Elaenea pagana sororia ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 147, 1900 — Bonda, Minca, and Santa Marta. Elainea albiceps parvirostris (not of PELZELN) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 44, 1902 — part, No. 10591, Caicara, Orinoco River (nest and eggs descr. ; spec, in Tring Museum examined). can birds appear, however, separable from typical chiriquensis by their paler under parts. Material examined. — Brazil: Sao Paulo, Ypanema (including the type) 3, Ypiranga i, Franca 2; Minas Geraes, Lagoa Santa (including the type of E. lundii) 4, Monte Alegre i; Goyaz i; Chapada, Matto Grosso 12; Bahia 7; Maranhao (Barra do Corda, Grajahu, Tranqueira, Alto Parnahyba) 6; Forte do Rio Branco 2, Serra da Lua, Rio Branco i. Bolivia: Buena vista 4. Peru: Chirimoto (type of E. gracilis) i, Chachapoyas i, Vista Alegre 2, lower Ucayali i, Potrero, Urubamba i. French Guiana: Cayenne 6. British Guiana: Rio Carimang i, Bartica Grove i, Roraima 6, Merume" Mountains i. Trinidad: Carenage (male, January 14, 1913. S. M. Klages, Munich Museum) i. Venezuela: Celci Puede, Bermudezs, Maracay, Aragua 10, Quiribana de Caicara, Rio Orinoco i, Rio Chama, MeYida r. Colombia: La Concepcion, Santa Marta 2, Bucaramanga 2, Bogota 15, San Antonio i, near San Agustin i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 423 Elainea pagana (errore) NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 40 — Bahia (spec, examined). Elaenia albivertex BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 400, 1907 — part, Colombia, Vene- zuela, Guiana, Brazil, Peru (crit.). Elaenia chiriquensis (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 134, 1908 — Cayenne and Oyapock, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 527, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 409, 1914 — Rio Tocantins (Arumatheua), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim) and Maraj6 (Fa- zenda Teso Sao Jos6). Elaenia chiriquensis chiriquensis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 432, 1907 — part, South American references and localities; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 228, 1916 — Quiribana de Caicara and Ciudad Bolivar, Orinoco River; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 455, 1917 — San Antonio, La Florida, Miraflores, near San Agustin, La Candela, Andalucia, Fusugasuga, and Monteredondo (near Quetame), Colombia. Elaenia chiriquensis albivertex TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, P- 365, 1922 — Mamatoco, Cincinnati, LaTigrera, Minca, San Lorenzo, Pueblo Viejo, and Las Taguas, Santa Marta region. Range: Paraguay; Brazil, from the confines of Guiana south to Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo; eastern Bolivia; eastern Peru; French and British Guiana; Island of Trinidad; Venezuela; Colombia (except ex- treme southwest). 28: Brazil (Chapada, Matto Grosso 2; Grajahu, Maranhao i, Barra do Corda, Maranhao i, Tranqueira, Maranhao 2, Alto Parna- hyba, Maranhao 2 ; Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco i) ; Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 4) ; Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Huanuco 2, Chachapoyas i); Venezuela (Maracay, Aragua 10; Rio Chama, Me"rida i); Colombia (Bogotd i). Elaenia chiriquensis ridleyana Sharpe*. FERNANDO NORONHA ELAENIA. Elainea ridleyana SHARPE, P. Z. S. Lond., 1888, p. 107 — Fernando Noronha Island; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 139, 1888; RIDLEY, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool., 20, p. 477, 1890; NICOLL, Ibis, 1904, p. 39; MURPHY, Auk, 32, P- 50, 1915- Elaenia ridleyana BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 400, 1907 (monog.). Range : Island of Fernando Noronha, off the Brazilian coast. a Elaenia chiriquensis ridleyana SHARPE: Similar to E. c. albivertex in coloration, but larger, with longer bill and stronger feet. Wing (female) 82; tail 63; bill 12-13. This is merely a large insular race of the continental E. c. albivertex. In shape of wing and crest as well as in other structural details, the two birds are perfectly alike nor can I perceive any difference in coloration. Besides the unsexed types, I have examined an adult female secured by the late M. J. Nicoll on December 21, 1902, all in the British Museum. 424 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenia ruficeps Pelzeln. RUFOUS-CRESTED ELAINEA. Elainea ruficeps PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 178, 1868 — Borba, Rio Madeira (type in Vienna Museum examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Merume Mountains, British Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 152, 1888 — Merume" Mountains and Oyapock, Guiana. Elaenia ruficeps BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 399, 1907 — Borba, Merume" Mts., Oyapock (monog.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 294, 1910 — Borba. Elaenea pagana (!) ruficeps CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 188, 1921 — Roraima and Merume Mountains. Range: Northern Brazil (Borba, Rio Madeira); French, Dutch, and British Guiana8. *Elaenia obscura obscura (Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny). DUSKY ELAE- NIA. Muscipeta obscura LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 48, 1837 — Yungas, Bolivia (types in Paris Museum examined). Muscipeta guillemini D'ORBIGNY, Voyage AmeY. me"rid., Ois., p. 319, 1839 — new name for Muscipeta obscura LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBiGNYb. Elainia obscura TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 274, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 158, 1846 — "Ceja region," 7,500 ft., Peru; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 1868 — Taipa, Mugy das Cruzes, Casa Pintada, Sao Paulo, and Ypanema (Sao Paulo), Curytiba (Parana)0 (spec, examined); TAC- ZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 536 — Paltaypampa, Pumamarca, and Ninabamba, Peru; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1876, p. 16 — Huiro, Urubamba, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 614 — Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 270, 1884 — part, Paltaypampa, Pumamarca, Ninabamba, Huiro; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 152, 1888 — Ypanema, Sao Paulo, "Pelotas," Lagoa Santa, Rio Grande do Sul, Tilotilo, Huiro; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 364 — Garita del Sol, Vitoc, Peru; IHER- ING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo and Pedras Brancas; idem, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 194, 1899 — Iguape and Piraci- caba (Rio das Pedras), Sao Paulo; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 186, a E. ruficeps is somewhat aberrant in structural details and should perhaps be separated generically. The type — an adult female in rather worn plumage — differs, in certain details of coloration, from five Guianan skins which are, however, all in freshly molted con- dition and, therefore, not properly comparable. Specimens from various localities exhibit but little variation in size: wing 62 (female, Borba), 65 (unsexed, near Paramaribo), 67-69 (females, Merum6 Mountains); tail 55 (Borba and near Para- maribo), 58^-60 (Merume' Mts.). Material examined. — Brazil: Borba (the type) i. Dutch Guiana: near Para- maribo (June 17, 1905. R. Chunkoo, Tring Museum) i. British Guiana: Merume" Mountains 4. b Considered as untenable on account of the earlier Muscicapa obscura VIEILLOT (Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d., 21, p. 451, 1818 — Cayenne). 0 Cidade de Goyaz is included by mistake among the localities. The respective specimen is the type of E. spectabilis PELZELN. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 425 1902 — San Pablo, Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — San Pablo; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 417, 1907 — Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Tucuman (monog.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 283, 1907 — Ypiranga, Franca, Itarare', Piracicaba, Rio Mogy Guassu, Campos de Jordao, and Iguape1 (Sao Paulo), Taquara (Rio Grande do Sul), Itatiaya and Vargem Alegre (Minas Geraes); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 339, 1910 — Tucuman, Misiones, and Ocampo (Santa F£); BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay. Elainea rustica (LICHTENSTEIN MS.) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 408 — • new name for Elainia obscura TSCHUDI — Brazil and Argentina; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 342 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, and Sao Bento, Sao Paulo. Elainea obscura rustica BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 132, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul (crit.). Elanea obscura MIRANDA RIBEIRO, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 13, p. 184, 1906 — Retire do Ramos and Morro Redondo, Itatiaya. Elaenia obscura obscura HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 199, 1909 — • Villa Nougues, Tucuman; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 95, 1921 — • San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba; HELLMAYR, I.e., 32, p. 29, 1925 — Bolivia and Tucumdn (note on type). Range: Southern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro and Minas Geraes south to Rio Grande do Sul ; Paraguay ; northern Argentina (in prov. Misiones, Santa Fe, and Tucuman); Bolivia; Peru (in depts. Cuzco, Junin, and Huanuco, north to Molinopampa, Dept. Amazonas)8. 7: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio i; Bauni 3, Victoria, Sao Paulo i); Peru (Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco i; Molinopampa, Dept. Amazonas i). Elaenia obscura stolzmanni Ridgway*. TAMBILLO ELAENIA. • On comparing large series from various parts of the range, I fail to discover any differences connected with particular geographic areas, although there is much individual variation in size and coloration within the same locality. It is possible that birds from Bolivia and Peru average slightly smaller, but the divergency is insignificant. Specimens from Chinchao (Hudnuco) and Molinopampa (Dept. Amazonas) are indistinguishable from Bolivian birds and certainly do not belong to E. o. stolzmanni if this form be separable. Material examined. — Brazil: Monte Alegre, Minas Geraes i; Therezopolis i, Colonia Alpina, Serra dos Orgaos, Rio de Janeiro 5; Ypanema 9, Sao Paulo 2, Faxina i, Bauni 3, Victoria i, Casa Pintada, Sao Paulo i; Curytiba, Parana 2; Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul 6. Argentina: Villa Nougues, Tucuman 2. Bolivia: Yungas (the types) 2, Tanampaya 3, Chaco 5, Omeja i, Chulumani i. Peru: Garita del Sol i, Chinchao i Molinopampa i. b Elaenia obscura stolzmanni RIDGWAY: Very similar to E. o. obscura, but upper parts apparently somewhat darker and browner; ventral surface brighter yellowish, particularly on the throat ; size rather smaller. Wing (two adult females) 80-82 ; tail 75X-79; bill 11-12. This form requires confirmation by additional material. While the two only examples cannot be matched by any individual in the large series of E. o. obscura, they are closely approached, both in coloration and size, by an adult from Chaco, Yungas of La Paz, Bolivia. Material examined. — Peru: Tambillo (types of E. f. stolzmanni and E. o. tam- billana) 2 (both females). 426 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenia frantzii stohmanni RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 116, Sept. 1906 — Tambillo, Peru (type in U. S. National Museum examined). Elaenia obscura tambillana BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 419, Feb. 1907 — Tambillo, Peru (type in Berlepsch Collection examined). Elainea obscura (not Muscipeta obscura LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) TACZAN- OWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 235 — Tambillo; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Callacate; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 270, 1884 — part, Tambillo and Callacate. Range : Northwestern Peru, on eastern slope of Western Cordillera in Province of Jaen, Dept. Cajamarca (Tambillo, Callacate). *Elaenia obscura pudica Sdater*. SCLATER'S ELAENIA. Elainea pudica SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond. for Dec. 1870, p. 833, 1871 — part, Bogota (type) and MeYida; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 302, 1884 — Bucaramanga; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 145, 1888 — part, spec, o-y, Bogota, Santa Elena, Antioquia, MeYida. Elainea sp. ign. SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 781 — MeYida, Venezuela. Elainea frantzii (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 513 — Medellin and Santa Elena (eggs descr.). Elaenia frantzii pudica BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 416, 1907 — part, Bogota, Bucaramanga, Medellin, Santa Elena, Merida (crit.). Elaenia pudica pudica CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 457, 1917 — • Barro Blanco, Salento, Laguneta, Rio Toche, Fusugasuga, Santa Elena, Choachi, Subia, Pradera, Colombia. Range: Subtropical Zone of the Central and Eastern Andes of Colombia and adjacent section of western Venezuela (states of Tachira and Merida). 6: Colombia (Santa Elena, Antioquia i, Paramo de Tama, San- tander i); Venezuela, Andes of Merida (Escorial i, Pinos i, Merida 2). Elaenia obscura browni Bangs*. BROWN'S ELAENIA. a Elaenia obscura pudica SCLATER, while fairly distinguishable from E. o. frantzii by smaller bill, inferior size, darker (less greenish) upper parts with wider and paler wing bands, and as a rule paler, less yellowish ventral surface, is clearly subspecifi- cally related to both frantzii and obscura. It is somewhat significant that the North Peruvian form (stohmanni) which, to a certain extent, bridges the gap between frantzii and obscura, was classified by Ridgway as a subspecies of the former, while Berlepsch considered it a race of the latter. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 5, Fusugasuga 3, Paramo de Tama, Eastern Andes i; Santa Elena 9, Barro Blanco i, Salento i, Rio Toche^ Central Andes i. Venezuela: Andes of Me"rida 8. b Elaenia obscura browni BANGS: Closely allied to E. o. pudica, but on average smaller and upper parts decidedly paler, more greenish olive. Wing 70-74, (female) 66-71; tail 61-67, (female) 58-64; bill 9^-10. Although united with E. o. pudica by Berlepsch, Chapman, and Todd this form appears to me sufficiently characterized by its lighter, more greenish dorsal surface, 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 427 Elaenia browni BANGS, Proc. Biol. Sex:. Wash., 12, p. 158, 1898 — Pueblo Viejo, Santa Marta Mts., Colombia; idem, I.e., p. 175, 1898 — San Miguel; idem, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., i, p. 78, 1899 — San Sebastian, El Mamon, Paramo de Macotama, and La Concepcion (local range); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 147, 1900 — "El" Lorenzo, El Libano, and Valparaiso. Elainea albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 141, 1888 — part, spec, j, "Valencia" [? = Cumbre de Valencia], Venezuela (spec, examined). Elaenia frantzii pudica (not of SCLATER) BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 416, 1907 — part, Santa Marta region and "Valencia," Venezuela (crit.). Elaenia pudica pudica TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 363, 1922 — San Francisco, Chirua, San Lorenzo, Cincinnati, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Las Vegas, San Miguel, and Heights of Chirua. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Colombia (Santa Marta Mountains) and northern Venezuela (Galipan, Cerro del Avila and Loma Redonda, near Caracas). *Elaenia obscura frantzii Lawrence. FRANTZIUS'S ELAENIA. Elainea frantzii LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 172, 1867 — San Jose", Costa Rica; idem, I.e., 9, p. 112, 1868 — San Jose", Barranca, and Dota Mts., Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 145, 1888 — part, spec, a-n, Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Chiriqui; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 36, 1888 — part, Guatemala to Chiriqui. Elaenia frantzii BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 37, 1902 — 'Boquete and Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 416, 1907 — Guatemala to Chiriqui (monog.); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 268, 1910 — Coliblanco and Volcan de Turrialba, Costa Rica. Elaenia frantzii frantzii RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 434, 1907 — part, Guatemala to Panama (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 718, 1910 — Costa Rica (nest and eggs descr.). Range: Guatemala, south through Nicaragua and Costa Rica to western Panama (Chiriqui) a. 7: Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte 2); Costa Rica (Volcan de Turrialba 4, Coliblanco i). in which respect it shows a decided approach to E. o. frantzii, of Central America. In small bill, conspicuous wing bands, and pale under parts, on the other hand, E. o. brownii agrees with E. o. pudica. Birds from Venezuela are perhaps slightly yellower beneath, but this is likely to be seasonal, as the majority are in fresher plumage. Material examined. — Colombia, Santa Marta region: Pueblo Viejo i, San Miguel 2, San Sebastian 9, San Francisco i, Chirua i, La Concepcion i, El Mamon 3. Venezuela: Galipan, Cerro del Avila 14, Loma Redonda, near Caracas i; "Valen- cia" 2. a Material examined. — Nicaragua 2, Costa Rica 23, Panama (Boquete, Chiri- qui) 3- 428 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Elaenia paUatangae Sclater*. PALLATANGA ELAENIA. Elainea paUatangae SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 407, pi. 41 — Pallatanga, Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. PeY*, 2, p. 264, 1884 — Maraynioc, Tambopata, Churay, Paltaypampa, Tambillo, Chota, Cutervo, Tamiapampa [excl. Xebe- ros and Chyavetas (ex BARTLETT), errore]; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 146, 1888 — Pallatanga, vicinity of Quito, Jima, Ecuador; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 364 — Pariayacu, Maraynioc, Peru; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 9, 1899 — Pun, Gualea, and Niebli, Ecuador. Elainea albiceps (not Muscipeta albiceps LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) TA- CZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 536 — Maraynioc, Paltaypampa, Tamba- pota, Churay; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 234 — Tambillo (egg descr.); idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Tamiapampa. Elaenia paUatangae BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 409, 447, 1907 — Ecuador and Peru (monog.); CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 95, 1921 — Torontoy, Urubamba Valley. , Elaenia pudica brachyptera (not Elaenia brachyptera BERLEPSCH) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 456, 1917 — Andes west of Popayan, Cerro Munchique, Florida, Ricaurte, and La Sierra, Western Andes of Colombia (spec, examined). Elaenea paUatangae LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — below Nono, Chinquil (Pichincha), and road to Nanegal. Range: Subtropical and Temperate Zone of the Western Andes of Colombia and of the Andes of Ecuador and Peru (south to Marcapata). 10 : Peru (ten miles east of Molinopampa i ; Panao Mts., 10,300 ft. 5, Huanuco Mts., 10,500 ft. 2, Chinchao, 5,700 ft. i, Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco i). Elaenia olivina Salvin and Godmanb. RORAIMA ELAENIA. a Elaenia paUatangae SCLATER, in general coloration, is much like E. obscura pudica, but may be recognized by its much more elongated crest feathers with a distinct white occipital patch (particularly well-marked in the male sex) and much more yellowish under parts. Wing 73-79, (female) 68^-73; tail 64-72, (female) 63-67; bill 10-11. Birds from the Western Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are perfectly alike. In spite of its close resemblance to E. o. pudica, this form is evidently speci- fically different from the obscura group, E. paUatangae and E. obscura stolzmanni having been found together at Tambillo, while the collectors of Field Museum, at Molinopampa, secured the present species as well as E. o. obscura. Material examined. — Colombia: Cerro Munchique 3, Ricaurte i. Ecuador: Pallatanga i, Huigra, Chimbo 4, Chunchi, Hacienda Jalancay 4. Peru: Tambillo i; Molinopampa i; Panao Mts. 5, Huanuco Mts. 2, Chinchao i, Huachipa i; Marca- pata, alt. 2,000 metr., Dept. Cuzco 9. b Elaenia olivina SALVIN and GODMAN: Nearly allied to E. paUatangae, but with much longer bill; upper parts much darker; the wing bands decidedly narrower; throat and chest strongly shaded with olive. Wing (male) 76, (female) 72 ; tail 70, (female) 67; bill 12-13. This scarce species is most probably a geographic race of E. paUatangae, but I have not been able to examine a sufficient series to form a definite opinion about its relationship. Material examined. — Roraima 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 429 Elainea olivina SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (5) 2, p. 446, 1884 — Roraima; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 294 — "Camacusa," Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 146, pi. 12, 1888 — Roraima. Elaenia olivina BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 408, 1907 — Roraima and "Camacusa" (monog.). Elaenea pagana (!) olivina CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 187, 1921 — Roraima. Range : Mount Roraima in British Guiana. *Elaenia fallax fallax Sclater. JAMAICAN ELAENIA. Elainea fallax SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 76, footnote — Jamaica; idem, I.e., 1870, p. 832, fig. 2 — Jamaica (redescribed) ; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 147, 1888 — Jamaica; CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 118, 1889 — Jamaica. Elaenia fallax BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 409, 1907 — Jamaica (monog.); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 436, 1907 — Jamaica (monog.). Range : Island of Jamaica. 5: Jamaica (Maryland, St. Andrews 2, unspecified 3). *Elaenia fallax cherriei Cory9-. HAITIAN ELAENIA. Elainea cherriei CoRYb, Auk, 12, p. 279, 1895 — Catare, Santo Domingo. Elainia cherriei CHERRIE, Field Columb. Mus. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 17, 1896 — Catare and Aguacate, Santo Domingo. Elaenia cherriei RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 437, 1907 — Island of Haiti (monog.). Elaenia fallax cherriei BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 410, 1907 — Santo Domingo (ex CORY). Elaina cherriei VERRILL and VERRILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 61, p. 361 1909 — Miranda, Santo Domingo. Range: Island of Haiti (Catare, Aguacate, Gonave, Miranda). 3: Santo Domingo (Catare i, Aguacate 2). Elaenia gaimardii trinitatis Hartert and Goodsona. TRINIDAD ELAENIA. * Elaenia fallax cherriei CORY: Very similar to E. f. fallax, but under parts decidedly paler yellowish, the chin and upper throat inclining to grayish white; back slightly duller, less brownish. Wing (male) 69-72, (female) 64-66; tail 68-69, (female) 61^-64; bill 10-11. Material examined. — Santo Domingo: Gonave 2, Catare i, Aguacate 2. b Muscicapa albicapilla VIEILLOT (Hist. Nat. Ois. Ame"r. Sept., I, p. 66, pi. 37, 1807 (?) — San Domingo) can hardly refer to the present species. Description and plate correspond much better to the characters of E. martinica, and as this species has never been found on the Island of Haiti, I am inclined to regard the locality given by Vieillot as erroneous. c Elaenia gaimardii trinitatis HARTERT and GOODSON: In coloration precisely similar to E. g. guianensis, but decidedly larger. Wing (male) 62-64}^, (female) 56-61; tail 56-60, (female) 52-55. Material examined. — Trinidad: Chaguaramas i, Caparo 14. 430 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenia gaimardii trinitatis HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 411, Aug. 1917 — Caparo, Trinidad. Elaniafallax (not of SCLATER) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 236, 1866 — Trinidad. Elainea gaimardi(i) (not Muscicapara gaimardii D'ORBIGNY) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 38, 1894 — Princestown, Trinidad; HELLMAYR. Nov. Zool., 13, p. 23, 1906 — Caparo, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl, Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 189, 1906 — Aripo. Elainopsis gaimardii gaimardii CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 364, 1908 — Carenage and Aripo, Trinidad. Range : Island of Trinidad. *Elaenia gaimardii guianensis Berlepsch*. GUIANAN ELAENIA. Elaenia gaimardi guianensis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 421, 1907 — Camacusa, British Guiana (type examined) ; idem, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 134, 1908 — Cayenne, French Guiana; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 23, 89, 1912 — Peixe-Boi and Sao Antonio, Para district; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 410, 1914 — Para, Quati-puru, Sao Antonio do Prata, and Rio Tocantins (Baiao, Illia Pae Lourenco); BEEBE, Zool., (N. Y.), 2, p. 89, 1916 — Para. Elaenia agilis (not Muscicapa agilis GMELIN) BONAPARTE, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 2, p. 35, 1857 — Cayenne (descr.). Elainea caniceps (not Tyrannula caniceps SWAINSON) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1 86 1, p. 407 — Guiana and Cayenne; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 217, 1 862 — Cayenne. Elainea elegans (not of PELZELN) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 266, 1884 — part, Cayenne; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 295 — Bartica Grove, Camacusa, Mei-urne" Mts., Roraima. Elainea gaimardi (not Muscicapara gaimardii D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 150, 1888 — part, spec, j-t, Roraima, Merume" Mts., Camacusa, Bartica Grove, Guiana, Cayenne, Oyapock; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool. 13, p. 361, 1906 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Para; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 410, 1914 — part, Obidos, Rio Jamunda (Faro). Myiopagis gaimardii guianensis BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — Paramaribo and Lelydorp, Surinam. * Elaenia gaimardii guianensis BERLEPSCH: Closely similar to E. g. gaimardii, but upper parts somewhat duller, less greenish. This is a very unsatisfactory race which I have much difficulty in separating from E. g. gaimardii. Individual variation is unusually great, and hardly two specimens are precisely alike. Specimens from British Guiana, collected by the late H. Whitely, are markedly darker, more brownish olive above than E. g. gaimardii, but they ap- pear to have undergone some post-mortem change, since in fresh material from the Guianas and northeastern Brazil this difference is much less pronounced. Two skins from near Par£ are almost duplicates of the type from Camacusa, while two from Maranhao can hardly be distinguished from E. g. gaimardii. Material examined. — British Guiana: Camacusa 2, Rio Carimang 2. French Guiana: Cayenne 9, Saint Jean du Maroni i. Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo i. Brazil: Rio Branco 4, Manaos i, Para i, Peixe-Boi i, Maranhao 2, Sao Antonio, Goyaz i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 431 Elaenia guianensis PENARD, Auk, 36, p. 220, 1919 — British Guiana (crit.). Elainopsis guianensis CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 192, 1921 — numerous localities. Range: British, Dutch, and French Guiana; northern Brazil, west to Manaos, south of the Amazon from western Maranhao west to the right bank of the Tocantins (fide Snethlage). 8 : Brazil (Sao Luiz, Maranhao i ; Rosario, Maranhao i ; Sao An- tonio, Rio Tocantins, Goyaz i; Mandos i; Boavista, Rio Branco i, Serra da Lua, near Boavista 3). *Elaenia gaimardii gaimardii (D'Orbigny). GAIMARD'S ELAENIA. Muscicapa albicilla (not of PALLAS 1826) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 52, 1837 — Yuracares, Bolivia (descr.). Muscicapara gaimardii D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me"rid., Ois., p. 326, 1839 — Yuracares, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Elainea caniceps (not Tyrannula caniceps SWAINSON) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 279 — Pebas. Elainea elegans (not Muscicapa elegans LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 179, 1868 — Engenho do Gama, Rio Guapore', Matto Grosso (type), Borba, Rio Madeira, and Marabitanas, Rio Negro (spec, examined); SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 614 — Simacu, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 266, 1884 — part, Pebas. Elainea gaimardi SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 150, 1888 — part, spec, u-x, Borba, Pebas, and Simacu; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 336, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 44, 1902 — Caicara, Maipures and Munduapo, Rio Orinoco, Suapure and La Union, Caura, Venezuela; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 502, 1908 — Villa Braga and Goyana, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 527, 1908 — Arumatheua and Alcobaca, Rio Tocantins. Elaenia gaimardi BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 419, 1907 — part, excl. coast region of Venezuela and Trinidad; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 410, 1914 — part, Rio Tocantins (left bank), Rio Xingu, Rio Iriri, Rio Tapaj6zr and Rio Jamauchim. Elaenia gaimardii gaimardii HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 45, 1908 — Fazenda Esperanca and Rio Thesouras, Goyaz; idem, I.e., 17, p. 294, 1910 — Borba, Rio Madeira; idem, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 54, 1920 — Yahuarmayo, Sierra de Carabaya, Peru (crit.); idem, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 183, 1925 — Yura- cares, Bolivia (note on type). Myiopagis gaimardi CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 230, 1916 — Orinoco region. Range: Amazonian forest region, from southern Venezuela (banks of the Orinoco and its tributaries) and the upper Rio Negro (Marabi- tanas) through eastern Peru south to Bolivia (Yuracares), Matto Grosso, 432 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. and northern Sao Paulo (Ituverava, Rio Parana), east to the left bank of the Tocantins (fide Snethlage)". 2: Peru (Moyobamba i, Rioja i). *Elaenia gaimardii bogotensis Berlepschb. BOGOTA ELAENIA. Elaenia gaimardi bogotensis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 421, 1907 — Bogota, Colom- bia (type examined); TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 362, 1922 — 'Bonda, La Tigrera, Don Diego, and Dibulla. Elainea elegans (not of PELZELN) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — San Esteban, Venezuela; idem, I.e., p. 631 — part, Bogota. Elainea gaimardi(i) (not Muscicapara gaimardii D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 150, 1888 — part, spec, d-i, Bogot£ and San Esteban; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa, Bermudez; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 65, p. 204, 1913 — Cariaquito, Paria Peninsula. Myiopagis macilvainii (not Elainea macilvainii LAWRENCE) BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta. Myiopagis gaimardi ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — Bonda. Elaenia gaimardii gaimardii HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5» P- 79» 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo. Range: Eastern Colombia (Santa Marta region; "Bogota" collec- tions) and north coast of Venezuela (from Zulia to the Paria Peninsula). 3: Colombia (Bogotd i); Venezuela (Catatumbo River, Zulia i; Maracay, Aragua i). Elaenia gaimardii macilvainii Lawrence0. MACILVAINE'S ELAENIA. a Birds from Peru, Bolivia, and the interior of Brazil (Matto Grosso, Rio Ma- deira) appear to be alike. A single adult male from Ituverava (State of Sao Paulo) is remarkably pale above, particularly about the head. Specimens from the Rio Negro (Marabitanas) and Venezuela, by somewhat darker upper parts, form the transition to E. g. guianensis. Material examined. — Bolivia: Yuracares (the type) i. Peru: Yahuarmayo, Sierra of Carabaya i; Moyobamba i; Rioja i. Brazil: Ituverava, Sao Paulo (male, August 1911. E. Garbe. Museu Paulista, No. 8241); Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso 3 ; Borba, Rip Madeira 2 ; Marabitanas, Rio Negro 3. Venezuela: Maipures 2, Munduapo, Rio Orinoco i ; Suapure, Caura River 4. b Elaenia gaimardii bogotensis BERLEPSCH: Nearly allied to E. g. gaimardii, but on average larger; green of upper parts brighter; crown patch often suffused with yellowish; abdomen deeper yellow. Wing 60-65; tail S5-6i. Specimens from the Santa Marta region agree with Bogota skins. Those from the north coast of Venezuela are hard to allocate, on account of their unusual varia- tion in the color of the back, though taken as a whole they seem better referred to bogotensis than any other form. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota (including the type) 15, Bonda 2, Mamatoco i. Venezuela: Catatumbo River, Zulia i; San Esteban Valley, Cara- bobo 3; Maracay, Aragua i; Cumanacoa, Bermudez 4. 0 Elaenia gaimardii macilvainii LAWRENCE: Similar to E. g. bogotensis, but crown patch bright yellow instead of yellowish white. Wing 59-60; tail 54-60; bill 9,^-10^. Material examined. — Colombia: Carthagena (the type) i. Panama: Lion Hill Station 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 433 Elainea macilvainii LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y.f 10, p. 10, 1871 — "Venezuela?" (the type examined in American Museum of Natural History is marked "Carthagena") ; SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, p. 315 (crit.). Elainea caniceps? (not Tyrannula caniceps SWAINSON) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 359 — Panama Railroad (spec, examined). Elainea gaimardi (not Muscicapara gaimardii D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 150, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Panama. Myiopagis macilvaini SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 27, 1888 — Panama (crit.); SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 339, p. 5, 1899 — Punta de Sabana, Darien. Elaenia macilvaini BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 423, 1907 — part, Panama. Elainopsis gaimardii macilvainii RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 800, 1907 — Panama and Carthagena (monog.); STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 269 — Gatun, Panama. Elaenia macilvaini HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 47, in text, 1908 — Panama (crit.). Elaenia gaimardii macilvaini TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 363, 1922 — Fundaci6n and Valencia, west side of Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia. Range: Eastern Panama (Lion Hill Station; Punta de Sabana, Darien) and Caribbean coast of Colombia, east to the western base of the Santa Marta Mountains. *Elaenia cotta Gosse. COTTA'S ELAENIA. Elania cotta GOSSE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (2) 3, p. 257, 1849 — Jamaica; idem, Illustr. Birds Jam., pi. 45, 1849 — Jamaica. Elainea cotta SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 76 — Jamaica; idem, I.e., p. 408 — Jamaica (monog.); MARCH, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 289 — Jamaica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 149, 1888 — Jamaica; SCOTT, Auk, 10, p. 178 — Jamaica; FIELD, I.e., n, p. 126, 1894 — Port Henderson. Elainia cotta CORY, Birds W. Ind., p. 118, 1889 (monog.). Elaenia cotta BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 424, 1907 (monog.). Myiopagis cotta RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 404, 1907 — Jamaica (monog.). Range: Island of Jamaica. 5: Jamaica (Kingston i, Windsor Parki, Maryland, St. Andrews 2, unspecified 2). Elaenia flavivertex Sclater*. YELLOW-CROWNED ELAENIA. » Elaenia flaviver tex SCLATER: Allied to E. viridicata, but easily recognizable by considerably smaller size; slenderer bill; deeper yellow crown patch; deeper, more tawny olive back; dark grayish chest, faintly flammulated with pale yellowish; 434 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elainea flavivertex SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 49 — upper Ucayali, Peru (type in British Museum examined); idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.f 14, p. 151, 1888 — upper Ucayali and Elvira, Peru; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 45, 1902 — Munduapo, Rio Orinoco (spec, examined). Elainea sp. (near E. placens) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 189 — upper Ucayali. Elainea implacens (not of SCLATER) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 1868 — part, Borba, Rio Madeira (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Elainea placens (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 279 — upper Ucayali. Elainea caniceps (not Tyranmda caniceps SWAINSON) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 269, 1884 — Ucayali and Pebas. Elaenia flavivertex BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 423, 1907 — Peru, Venezuela (Orinoco), and "Cayenne" (monog.); idem, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 134, 1908 — Roche-Marie, French Guiana; HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 294, 1910 — Borba, Rio Madeira; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 107, 1912 — Fazenda Nazareth, Mexiana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 410, 1914 — Monte Alegre and Rio Jamundd (Faro). Myiopagis flavivertex CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 230, 1916 — Munduapo, Rio Orinoco; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Range: French and Dutch Guiana; southern Venezuela (Mun- duapo, on the Orinoco River); northern Brazil (Island of Mexiana; Monte Alegre; Rio Jamundd; Borba, Rio Madeira); northeastern Peru (Nauta, Elvira, Ucayali). *Elaenia vindicate vindicate ( Vieillot). AZARA'S ELAENIA. Sylvia viridicata VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e"d.f xx, p. 171, 1817 — based on Azara, No. 156, Paraguay. Muscicapa elegans (not of LESSON 1830) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 52, 1837 — Chiquitos, Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara viridicata D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. me"rid., Ois., p. 325, 1839 — Santo Coraz6n, Chiquitos, Bolivia. Elainea implacens (not of SCLATER) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 1868 — part, Ypanema, Sao Paulo (spec, examined). Elainea placens (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 16, 17 — Maranura, Urubamba, Peru (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 148, 1888 — part, spec, f'-h', Maranura, Bahia, Brazil. darker yellow abdomen; finally by the median and greater wing coverts being api- cally edged with olive yellow, so as to form two wing-bands. Wing (male) 61-63, once 66, (female) 55-58; tail 54-59, (female) 48-51; bill 11-12. Material examined. — French Guiana: Roche-Marie i. Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo 2, Kwata i, Rijweg i. Venezuela: Munduapo, Rio Orinoco 3. Brazil: Mexiana 2; Borba, Rio Madeira i. Peru: upper Ucayali i, Nauta i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 435 Elainea grata CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 31, p. 216, 1883 — Biscacheral, Tucumdn (type in Berlin Museum examined). Elainea subplacens (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 268, 1884 — part, Maranura. Elainea viridicata BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 35, p. 118, 1887 (crit.); SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 146, 1888 — Tucuman; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 336, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 15, 1897 — San Francisco, Bolivia; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 282, 1907 — Bebedouro and Avanhandava, Rio Tiete', Sao Paulo; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 584 — Sapucay, Paraguay; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 73, 1910; p. 160, 1925 — Catinho and Porto da Pedra, near Santa Ana, Rio Preto (Bahia) and Parnagua (Piauhy). Myiopagis placens LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — El Bosque, Tucuman. Elaenia viridicata BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 87, 1906 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 14, p. 425, 1907 — part, Chapada, Ypanema, Maranura, Santo Corazon, Santa Cruz (Bolivia), Paraguay, Tuc- uman, San Francisco; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 410, 1914 — Boim, Rio Tapaj6z. Elaenia viridicata delicata BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 430, 1907 — part, type from Bahia (spec, examined). Elaenia viridicata viridicata HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 199, 1909 — Tucuman; HELLMAYR, I.e., 32, p. 182, 1925 — Chiquitos, Bolivia (crit.). Myiopagis viridicata BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana, Paraguay. Myiopagis viridicata viridicata DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 333, 1910 — Tucuman; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 329, 1926 — base of Cerro Lorito, Paraguay. Myiopagis viridicata rondoni CHERRIE, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, p. 188, 1916 — Urucum, near Corumba, Matto Grosso (type examined). Myiopagis viridicata subsp. CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 113, p. 95, 1921 — Idma, Peru. Range: Northern Argentina (Prov. Tucumdn); Paraguay; Brazil, from Sao Paulo and Matto Grosso north to Piauhy and Grao Pard (Boim, Rio Tapaj6z); eastern Bolivia (Chiquitos; Santa Cruz); south- eastern Peru (Maranura, Santa Ana, and Idma, Urubamba Valley)". • There is so much individual variation within the same locality that further subdivision of E. v. viridicata seems impossible. Birds from Sao Paulo and Bolivia agree perfectly with Paraguayan topotypes. Bahia skins (including the type of E. v. delicata) and a series from Piauhy do not constantly differ in coloration, though they generally have smaller (slenderer) bills. A male from Tucuman, however, has even a smaller bill, while the type of E. grata, from the same locality, is as large-billed as any from Paraguay and Bolivia. Three (out of five) examples from Matto Grosso (M. v. rondoni CHERRIE) are indeed very pale above and below, but they are closely matched by one or two in the series from Piauhy, while a fourth specimen from Matto Grosso (Chapada) is not appreciably different from Paraguayan skins. One from Urubamba (Maranura), Peru is even paler above than rondoni, but a second example from the same valley (Santa Ana) resembles the average from Bahia. Material examined. — Paraguay: Sapucay 2, Rio Negro 2, Trinidad i. Bolivia: Chiquitos (type of M. elegans LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) i, Santa Cruz i. 436 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. \ 9: Brazil (Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes 2; Ibiapaba, Piauhy 5; Arara, Piauhy i; Deserto, Piauhy i). *Elaenk viridicata pallens (Bangs)*. PALE ELAENIA. Myiopagis placens pallens BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 85, 1902 — Santa Marta, Colombia. Elainea placens (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — San Esteban, Venezuela; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 148, 1888 — part, spec, d', e', Bogotd and San Esteban. Myiopagis placens BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — Bonda and Minca. Elainea viridicata (not Sylvia viridicata VIEILLOT) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 44, 1902 — Caicara and Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco River, Venezuela (spec, examined). Elaenia viridicata delicata BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 430, 1907 — part, Venezuela; HELLMAYR and SEJLERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 164, 1912 — San Esteban, Carabobo, Venezuela. Elaenia viridicata placens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 427, 1907 — part, Santa Marta and Bogota. Myiopagis viridicata viridicata CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 229, 1916 — Caicara, Orinoco. Myiopagis viridicata accola (not of BANGS) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 457, 1917 — Los Cisneros, Caldas, Jimenez, Pavas, and Rio Frio, Colom- bia. Myiopagis viridicata pallens CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 459, 1917 — Honda. Elaenia viridicata pallens TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 361, 1922 — Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Don Diego, and La Concepcion. Range: Tropical Zone of Colombia and northern Venezuela (San Esteban, Carabobo; Colon, Tachira; Caicara and Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco Valley). 2: Colombia (Bogota i); Venezuela (Colon,Tachira i). Argentina: Tucuman 2. Peru, Urubamba Valley: Maranura i, Santa Ana i. Brazil, Matto Grosso: Chapada i, Urucum 4, Descalvados i; Ypanema, Sao Paulo 4; Rio de Janeiro i; Bahia 7; Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes 2; Piauhy (Ibiapaba, Arara, Deserto) 7. a Elaenia viridicata pallens (BANGS) differs from E. v. viridicata mainly by its much larger bill, while the upper parts are perhaps slightly brighter green. It is, however, exceedingly close to E. v. accola, but appears to average a little paler above and below. We are unable to appreciate any difference in the color of the lateral portions of the crown, and if the two forms be kept separate, we have no hesitation in referring the birds from western Colombia to pallens, and not to accola. Specimens from Venezuela appear to be inseparable from those of Colombia. Material examined. — Colombia: Santa Marta 2, La Concepcion i; Bogota 26; Media Luna, Cauca 3, Los Cisneros 2, Pavas i. Venezuela: Colon, Tachira i; San Esteban, Carabobo 2; Caicara i, Quiribana de Caicara, Orinoco River i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 437 *Elaenia viridicata implacens Sclater*. SCLATER'S PACIFIC ELAENIA. Elainea implacens SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 408 — part, type from Es- meraldas, Ecuador; see HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 182, footnote 7, 1925 (crit.). Elainea placens SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 148, 1888 — part, spec, c', Esmeraldas; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 705 — Intac (spec, examined). Elaenia viridicata (not Sylvia viridicata VIEILLOT) BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 425, 1907 — part, western Ecuador. Range: Western Ecuador (Intac, Chimbo, Esmeraldas). i: Ecuador (Chimbo i). *Elaenia viridicata accola (Bangs}. PANAMA PLACID ELAENIA. Myiopagis placens accola BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 35, 1902 — Boquete, Chiriqui; THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 151, 1905 — San Miguel and Saboga Islands, Bay of Panama; idem, I.e., p. 217, 1906 — Savanna of Panama; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 403, 1907 — Nicaragua to Panama (monog., full bibliography); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 301, 1907 — Boruca, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 723, 1910 — Costa Rica (local range); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 264 — Gatun, Ps^nama. Elainea placens (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 148, 1888 — part, spec, r-a', Costa Rica, Veragua, Panama. Myiopagis placens SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 26, 1888 — part, Costa Rica and Panama. Elaenia viridicata placens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 428, 1907 — part, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Range: Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama (east to the Canal Zone). 6: Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua i) ; Costa Rica (Lagarto i, Bebedero i, El General i, Bolson i, Guayabo i). *Elaenia viridicata placens Sclater. PLACID ELAENIA. Elainia placens SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 46, 1859 — Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Mexico; SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, 1859, p. 123, pi. 4, fig. 2 — Cordoba and Guatemala. • Elaenia viridicata implacens SCLATER: Nearest to E. v. pollens and agreeing in large bill; but considerably smaller; lateral portions of pileum much darker, dull blackish instead of gray; back much richer olive green; edges to wing-coverts and remiges much brighter yellowish. Wing (two males) 64-68; tail 60-65; bill n. I am not quite certain that the name implacens is really applicable to this form. Two adult males from western Ecuador (Intac and Chimbo) are decidedly different from any specimen of E. v. pollens I have seen, but whether they are the same as the Esmeraldas birds is rather doubtful. The type, while agreeing in size, is much 438 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elainea placens SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 148, 1888 — part, spec, a, c-q, Cordoba, Mugeres and Cozumel Islands, and Guatemala. Myiopagis placens SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 26, 1888 — part, Mexico (except Tres Marias Islands) and Guatemala. Myiopagis placens placens RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 401, 1907 — southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras (monog., full bibliogra- phy). Elaenia viridicata placens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 427, 1907 — part, Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras; DEARBORN, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 102, 1907 — Los Amates, San Jos6, and Mazatenango, Guatemala. Myiopagis yucatanensis NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, p. 172, 1901 — La Vega, Yucatan (=juv.). Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Campeche, Yucatan, and Chiapas), Guatemala, and Honduras. 8: Yucatan (Cozumel Island i); Guatemala (Los Amates, Izabel 3, San Jose", Esquintla i, Mazatenango 2, unspecified i). Elaenia viridicata jaliscensis (Nelson). JALISCO ELAENIA. Myiopagis placens jaliscensis NELSON, Auk, 17, p. 264, 1900 — San Sebastian, Jalisco; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 402, 1907 — south- western Mexico (monog.). Elaenia viridicata jaliscensis BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 429, 1907 — Jalisco (ex NELSON). Range: Southwestern Mexico (in State of Jalisco); straggler in winter to Tres Marias Islands. Elaenia viridicata minima (Nelson). TRES MARIAS ELAENIA Myiopagis placens minimus NELSON, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p/9,c 1898 — Maria Madre Island, Tres Marias Group, Mexico; idem, North ^Amer. Fauna, 14, p. 50, 1899 — Tres Marias (habits). Elainea placens (not of SCLATER 1859) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 148, 1888 — part, spec, b, Tres Marias Islands. Myiopagis placens minima RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 403, 1907 — Tres Marias (monog.). Elaenia viridicata minima BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 429, 1907 — Tres Marias (ex NELSON). Range: Tres Marias Islands, off western Mexico (Maria Madre Island). paler on the back and has the yellowish wing-markings much less distinct; its de- plorable condition, however, does not admit of definite conclusion. Material examined. — Ecuador: Esmeraldas (the type) i, Intac i, Chimbo i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 439 *Elaenia subplacens Sclater*. ERASER'S ELAENIA. Elainea subplacens SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 407, 1861 — Pallatanga, Rio Chimbo, Ecuador; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 218, 1862 — Pallatanga; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 555 — Guayaquil and Chimbo, Ecuador (crit.); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 268, 1884 — part, Lechugal and "Paucal"; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 149, 1888 — Pallatanga, Balzar, and Puna Island, Ecuador; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — Chimbo (spec, examined). Elainia sp. SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., 28, p. 68, 1860 — Pallatanga. Elainea implacens SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 408 — part, Babahoyo (spec, examined). Elainea placens (not of SCLATER) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 325 — Lechugal, Prov. Tumbez. Elaenia subplacens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 431, 1907 — part, western Ecuador and northwestern Perub (monog.). Range: Southwestern Ecuador (Balzar, Pallatanga, Babahoyo, Milagro, Chimbo, Guayaquil, Puna Island) and northwestern Peru (Prov. Tumbez). i: Ecuador (Milagro i). *Elaenia caniceps caniceps (Swainson)0. GRAY-HEADED ELAENIA. Tyrannula caniceps SWAINSON, Ornith. Draw., Part 5, pi. 49, before Dec. 1837 — Brazil. • Elaenia subplacens SCLATER is obviously a distinct species, differing from E. viridicata implacens SCLATER, which is also found in western Ecuador, by much longer tarsi; much duller upper parts, obsoletely spotted with dusky on the mantle; much paler (yellowish gray rather than light yellow) edges to the wing-coverts; much paler yellowish margins to the remiges; much paler yellow abdomen, with the chest mainly pale gray; more whitish throat; and particularly by the long grayish white superciliaries reaching back to the sides of the neck. Wing (male) 75, (female) 69-70; tail 73-75, (female) 65-69; bill 12. Material examined. — Ecuador: Babahoyo i, Chimbo 3, Milagro i, Guayaquil i, Puna Island 2. b The Bogotd skins mentioned by Berlepsch I have carefully examined. Although approaching E. subplacens in dimensions of wing and tail, they agree with E. viri- dicata pattens in shortness of tarsi and coloration, especially in lacking the con- spicuous superciliaries, and I am convinced they are but unusually large examples of the viridicata form of eastern Colombia. 0 Elaenia c. caniceps is exceedingly variable in coloration, the grayish extreme with white coronal patch and wing markings of the male plumage having been described as a distinct species (E. taczanowskii), as I have shown in another connec- tion (Nov. Zool., 15, p. 45-46, 1908). Specimens from Paraguay and Jujuy agree well with a series from Brazil. Material examined. — Brazil: Cod6, Cocos, Maranhao i; above Nova Castel- liano, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy i ; Bahia (trade skins) 4, Sao Amaro, Bahia i ; Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i ; Rio i ; Sao Paulo, Porto do Rio Parand i, Ypanema 2, Victoria 3, Ubatuba i; Goyaz (City) i; Matto Grosso, Chapada i, Abrilongo i. Paraguay: Sapucay 9. Argentina: Ledesma, Jujuy 2. 440 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elainea caniceps PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 107, 1868 — Ypanema and Porto do Rio Parana, Sao Paulo (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo, Rio; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 151, 1888 — Brazil; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Can- tagallo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 282, 1907 — Ubatuba, Jundiahy, Victoria de Botucatu, Itarare1, and Bebedouro, Sao Paulo; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 41, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 586 — Sapucay, Para- guay (spec, examined) ; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910; I.e., p. 160, 1925 — Nova Castelliano, Rio Parnahyba, Piauhy (spec, examined). Elainea taczanmvskii BERLEPSCH, Ibis, (5) i, p. 137, 1883 — Bahia (type exam- ined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 144, 1888 (ex BERLEPSCH). Serpophaga albogrisea (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 333, 1892 — part, adult males, Abrilongo and Chapada, Matto Grosso (spec, examined). Myiopagis caniceps OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 137, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 333, 1910 — Ledesma, Jujuy; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana. Elaenia caniceps BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 422, 1907 — Brazil and Paraguay (monog.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 45, 46, 1908 — Goyaz (crit., varia- tion, range); HARTERT and VENTURI, I.e., 16, p. 202, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy. Elaenia cinerea taczanmvskii BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 433, 1907 — Bahia and Porto do Rio Parana (monog.). Range: Eastern and central Brazil, from Maranhao and Piauhy south through Bahia, Minas Geraes, Goyaz, and Matto Grosso to Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo; Paraguay; northern Argentina (Prov. 3 : Brazil (Cod6, Cocos, Maranhao i ; Sao Amaro, Bahia i ; Rio das Velhas, near Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i). *Elaenia caniceps cinerea Pelzeln*. GRAY ELAENIA. Elainea cinerea PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 180, 1868 — Marabitanas, Rio Negro (type in Vienna Museum examined ; = adult male); BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 45, 1902 — Suapure, Caura, Venezuela (spec. examined). * Elaenia caniceps cinerea PELZELN: Closely similar in the male sex to the grayish "phase" of E. c. caniceps (E. taczanowskii} , but upper parts of a purer bluish gray (without olivaceous tinge); white wing- markings broader; bill larger. Female (and immature male) immediately distinguishable from the corresponding plumage of E. c. caniceps by brighter green back, bright yellow (instead of grayish white) under parts, and wider, deeper yellow wing-markings. Wing 60-63, (female) 56-58; tail 55-57i (female) 47-50; bill n. Material examined. — Venezuela: Suapure, Caura River (one male, one female) 2. Colombia: Bogot£ (one adult .male, one male in change of plumage) 2. Ecuador: Sarayacu (male) i. Brazil: Marabitanas, Rio Negro (male, type) i; Tonantins, Rio Solimoes (females) 2. Peru: Chamicuros (male) i, Puerto Bermudez (female) i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 441 Serpophaga albogrisea SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1880, p. 156 — Sarayacu, Ecuador (type in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 103, 18*8 — Sarayacu, Ecuador and Chamicuros, Peru (spec, examined). Elainea macilvaini (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 44, 1902 — Suapure, Caura, Venezuela (spec, examined ;= female). Elaenia cinerea BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 433, 1907 — Colombia (Bogotd), Vene- zuela (Suapure, Caura), Brazil (Marabitanas), Ecuador (Sarayacu), and Peru (Chamicuros) (monog.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 46, 47, 1908 (crit., plumages, range). Myiopagis cinerea CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 230, 1916 — Suapure, Caura. Range : Amazonian forest region from southern Venezuela (Suapure, Caura Valley) and eastern Colombia (Bogota-collections) through east- ern Ecuador (Sarayacu) and northwestern Brazil (Marabitanas, Rio Negro; Tonantins, Rio Solimoes) to Peru (Chamicuros, Dept. Loreto; Puerto Bermudez, Dept. Junin)8. i : Peru (Puerto Bermudez i). Elaenia caniceps parambae (Hellmayr)b. PARAMBA ELAENIA. Serpophaga parambae HELLMAYR, Bull. B. O. C., 14, p. 54, 1904 — Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Elaenia cinerea parambae HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1132 — N6vita and Noanama, Choc6, Colombia (crit., juv. descr.). Range: Tropical Zone of the Pacific coast of western Colombia (Choc6 district) and northwestern Ecuador (Paramba, Prov. Esme- raldas). Elaenia leucospodia leucospodia Taczanowski*. STOLZMANN'S ELAENIA. Elainea leucospodia TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 325 — Tumbez, Peru; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Chepen; idem, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 267, 1884 — Guadalupa, Tumbez, Chepen, Paucal; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 144, 1888 — Tumbez, Chepen. a A female of an apparently undescribed race from French Guiana (Pied Saut, Oyapock) is in the Carnegie Museum. b Elaenia caniceps parambae (HELLMAYR) : Similar to E. c. cinerea, but much smaller; male in adult plumage with more grayish chest, while the immature dress differs from the corresponding stage of its ally in ashy gray pileum with white (instead of pale yellow) coronal patch, and paler yellow under parts with more whitish throat. Wing (one adult male, the type) 56^, (immature males) 53^-56; tail 44-49; bill 9-10. Material examined. — Ecuador: Paramba i. Colombia: N6vita i, Noanama i. c A rather aberrant species, recalling, in some respects, certain members of the genus Serpophaga. Material examined. — Peru: Chepen 2, Tembladera i. 442 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenia leucospodia BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 432, 1907 — northwestern Peru (monog.); BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Sullana, Dept. Piura. Range: Arid littoral of northwestern Peru (in prov. Tumbez, Piura, Lambayeque, and Libertad). Elaenia leucospodia cinereifrons Salvadori and Festa*. GRAY-FRONTED ELAENIA. Elainea cinereifrons SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 8, 1899 — Puntilla de Santa Elena, near Guayaquil, Ecuador (type ex- amined). Elaenia cinereifrons BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 432, 1907 — Puntilla de Santa Elena (crit.). Range: Arid littoral of southwestern Ecuador (vicinity of Guaya- quil). Genus SUIRIRI D'Orbigny. Suiriri D'ORBIGXY, Voyage Amer. merid., Ois., p. 336, 1839 — type by tautonomy Muscicapa suiriri VIEILLOT. Empidagra CABANIS and HEINLE, Mus. Heln., 2, p. 59, 1859 — new name for Suiriri D'ORBIGNY. *Suiriri suiriri ( Vieillot), SUIRIRI FLYCATCHER. Muscitapa suiriri VIEILLOT, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. e\i., 21, p. 487, 1818 — based on Azara, No. 179, Paraguay; LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 51, 1837 — Mojos, Bolivia, and "Choao" [ = Chaco], Argentina (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Pachyrhamphus albescens GOULD in Darwin, Zool. Beagle, 3, Part 9, p. 50, pi. 14, 1839 — Buenos Aires. Suiriri suiriri D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Amer. me^rid., Ois., p. 336, 1839 — Corrientes, Mojos, Chiquitos; OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 136, 1902 — Sapucay, Paraguay (crit.); HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 200, 1909 — Ocampo (Santa Fe"), Bahia Blanca (Buenos Aires), and Tucuman; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 587 — Sapucay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Asunci6n; DAGUERRE, El Hornero, 2, p. 269, 1922 — Rosas, Prov. Buenos Aires; GIACOMELLI, I.e., 3, p. 71, 1923 — La Rioja; PEREYRA, I.e., p. 168, 1923 — Zelaya, Prov. Buenos Aires; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. (Buenos Aires) for 1922-23, p. 648, 1924 — Buenos Aires; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 178, 1925 — Chaco and Mojos (crit., variation, meas., range); WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 329, 1926 — Chaco, from northern Argentina into Paraguay, Territory of Pampa, and Tucuman (crit., habits). • Elaenia leucospodia cinereifrons SALVADOR! and FESTA: Very similar to E. I. leucospodia, but upper parts slightly purer grayish, without any olive on rump; flanks and under tail-coverts white like the rest of the belly, not tinged with yellow- ish. Wing (one male, the type) 63 K; tail 55 K: bill "• More material is required to prove if this form is really separable from E. leu- cospodia. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 443 Taenioptera suiriri BURMEISTER, Journ. Orn., 8, p. 247, 1860 — Tucuman; idem, Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 460, 1861 — Tucuman. Elainea albescens BURMEISTER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 634 — Buenos Aires. Empidagra suiriri SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 633 — Conchitas; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 26, p. 197, 1878 — Cordoba; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 154, 1888 — Uruguay, Conchitas, Buenos Aires; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 146, 1888 — Argentina; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; SALVADORI, Bol. Mus. Zool. Torino, 10, No. 208, p. 10, 1895 — Villa Rica, Paraguay;. idem, I.e., 12, No. 292, p. 16, 1897 — Campo Santo, Tala, and Lesser (Salta), Caiza (Bolivia); LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 186, 1902 — Tucuman; L6NNBERG, Ibis, 1903, p. 469 — Fortin Crevaux and Tatarenda, Bolivia; BAER, Ornis, 12, p. 220, 1904 — Tapia; BRUCH, Rev. Mus. La Plata, n, p. 255, 1904 — Oran, Salta; LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Tucuman; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires, 18, p. 339, 1910 (range in Argentina); GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 119 — Tayni and Santa Rosa, Paraguay; TREMOLERAS, El Hornero, 2, p. 21, 1920 — Montevideo, Canelones, Colonia, and Rio Negro, Uruguay. Elainea albiceps (errore) BARROWS, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 8, p. 200, 1883 — Con- cepcion del Uruguay, Entrerios; see ALLEN, Auk, 6, p. 269, 1889 (crit.). Suiriri improvisa WETMORE, Auk, 41, p. 595, 1924 — Tapia, Tucuman (type in U. S. National Museum examined); idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 330, 1926 — Tapia. Range: Eastern Bolivia (depts. Santa Cruz and Tarija); Brazil (Urucum, Matto Grosso; Pirapora, Rio Sao Francisco, Minas Geraes); Uruguay; Paraguay; northern Argentina (south to La Rioja, Cordoba, Pampa, and Bahia Blanca, Prov. Buenos Aires) a. 22: Bolivia (Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz 4); Argentina (San Vicente, Santa F^ i; Concepcion, Tucuman 14); Brazil (Urucum de Corumba, Matto Grosso 3). • I am unable to discover any constant differences between specimens from va- rious localities. In worn plumage, the faint olivaceous hue of the back disappears almost entirely while the wing bands, through wear, become narrower and nearly white. An adult male (in abraded condition), obtained by E. Garbe at Pirapora, Minas Geraes, in August, 1912 (Museu Paulista, No. 8418) appears to be inseparable from Argentina and Bolivian examples in corresponding plumage. The original of S. improvisa is evidently but an individual mutant with an un- usual amount of lipochrom tints. In a series recently received from Concepcion (Tucuman) there is every possible transition between this type of coloration and the normal white-bellied form. I am very sorry to have misled Dr. Wetmore to describe it as new, but to my justification I may say that I had very scanty material to compare with at that time, and did not realize the variability of this species. Material examined. — Bolivia: Mojos i, Trigal i, Olgin 2, Potrerito 2, Guarayos 2, Buenavista 4. Brazil: Urucum, Matto Grosso 3; Pirapora, Minas Geraes i. Paraguay: Sapucay i, Bernalcue, near Asunci6n 2. Argentina: Bahia Blanca ir Buenos Aires 2, Chaco 2, La Soledad, Entrerios 2, Tucuman (Tapia, Los Vasquez, Concepcion) 18. 444 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Suiriri affinis affinis (Burmeister) . ALLIED SUIRIRI FLYCATCHER. Elaenea affinis BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 477, 1856 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (types in Halle Museum examined); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 336, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso. Elainea affinis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 108, 1868 — Capivari and Cimeterio [do Lambari], Parand, and Nas Lages and Rio das Pedras, Sao Paulo (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 340 — Paracatii, Curvelo, Lagoa Santa, and Aldea de Estivas, Minas Geraes; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 154, 1888 — Lagoa Santa, Rio das Pedras, "Bahia" = Cayenne (spec, examined). Empidagra affinis REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910 — Fazenda da Serra and Lagoa de Boqueirao (Rio Grande), Faz. Taboa, Pao de Canoa, and Santa Rita (Rio Preto), Bahia, and Serra do Paranagud and Sao Antonio de Gilboez, Piauhy (spec, examined). Suiriri affinis affinis HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 47, 1908 — Rio Thesouras and Goyaz City, Goyaz (crit.). Suiriri affinis SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 406, 1914 — Serra de Erer£, near Monte Alegre (spec, examined). Range: Campos of Brazil, from Matto Grosso, Parana, northern Sao Paulo (headwaters of the Parana), and Minas Geraes through Goyaz and northwestern Bahia (Rio Grande and Rio Preto) north to Piauhy, Maranhao, and Grao Para (Serra de Erere", near Monte Alegre, north bank of lower Amazon)8. 7 : Brazil (Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes i ; Pira- putanga, Matto Grosso i; Tranqueira, Maranhao i; Cod6. Cocos, Mar- anhao 4). *Suiriri affinis bahiae (Berlepscti)b. BAHIA SUIRIRI FLYCATCHER. a Specimens from various localities in the interior of Brazil agree well together. Five skins from northwestern Bahia (Rio Grande and Rio Preto) are perfectly similar to others from Minas Geraes (topotypical) and Sao Paulo. A single male from the Serra de Erer<§ (lower Amazon) is wholly typical of this form, having the rump and the concealed basal portion of the tail pale yellowish. The British Museum possesses a specimen (c, of Sclater's list), said to be from "Bahia," which is prepared like the trade skins imported from Cayenne. Shape of bill and coloration of lower mandible are subject to remarkable vari- ation, even more so than in the allied S. suiriri. As far as I can make out, it does not appear to be correlated with either sex or age. Material examined. — Sao Paulo: Franca i, Rio das Pedras 2, Nas Lages 3. Parand: Capivari 3, Lambari i. Matto Grosso: Piraputanga i, Chapada i, Rio Paranahyba i. Minas Geraes: Lagoa Santa (the types) 2, Agua Suja, near Baga- gem 5, Abaite i, Pirapora i. Goyaz: Rio Thesouras 4, Goyaz City 2. Bahia: Faz. da Serra, Rio Grande i, Lagoa de Boqueirao, Rio Grande i; Rio Preto 3. Piauhy: boundary ridge north of Santa Rita 2, Serra of Parnagua i, Sao Antonio de Gilboez i. Maranhao: Cod6, Cocos 4, Tranqueira i. Grao Pard: Serra de Erer£, Monte Alegre i. b Suiriri affinis bahiae (BERLEPSCH) : Similar to S. a. affinis, but upper tail- coverts dark hair brown like the tail; rectrices without any yellowish at the base and 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 445 Empidagra bajiiae BERLEPSCH, Orn. Monatsber., i, p. 12, 1893 — Bahia (type in Coll. Berlepsch examined). Range: Campos of eastern Bahia (Joazeiro, Rio Sao Francisco; Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas). i : Brazil (Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas, Bahia i). Genus SUBLEGATUS Sclater and Salvin". SuUegatus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 172 — type by monotypy Sublegatus glaber SCLATER and SALVIN. *Sublegatus modestus modestus (Wied). WIED'S FLYCATCHER. Muscipeta modesta WiEDb, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 923, 1831 — Camamu and Bahia, Brazil. Muscipeta brevirostris LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 49, 1837 — Corrientes (type in Paris Museum examined); D'OR- BIGNY, Voyage Amdr. me'rid., Ois., p. 321, 1839 — Corrientes. Elaenia brevirostris TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 274, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 159, 1846 — forest region of Peru (type in NeuchStel Museum examined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 272, 1884 (descr. of type). Elainea vriedii PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 3, p. 390, 1869 — new name for Muscipeta modesta WIED. Phyllomyia modesta REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 348, 1870 — Paracatu and Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (types in Copenhagen Museum examined). Phyllomyias platyrhyncha SCLATER and SALVIN, Nomencl. Av. Neotrop., p. 159, 1873 — Goyaz, Brazil (type in British Museum examined). Sublegatus griseocularis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1876, p. 17 — Maranura, Urubamba, Peru (type in British Museum examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 158, 1888 — Maranura and Mendoza; SCLATER and HUDSON, Arg. Orn., i, p. 147, 1888 — Mendoza; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 336, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso (spec, examined); LILLO, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Tucuman. Sublegatus frontalis SALVADORI", Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 14, 1897 — Caiza, southeastern Bolivia. without the pale brownish apical band. Wing (male) 85, (female) 74-79; tail 74, (female) 67-71; bill 12-13. This form appears to be restricted to the eastern section of the State of Bahia. In addition to the type, a Bahia trade skin, I have examined an adult and a young male from Joazeiro (Museu Paulista, Nos. 7653, 7809), and an adult female from Rio do Peixe, near Queimadas. a This genus is barely separable from Phyllomyias CABANIS and HEINE. b Although the type is lost (see Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 232, 1889), Wied's description is unmistakable. 0 The late Count Berlepsch (in litt.) informed me that he could not find any tangible difference between one of the types and other specimens from Peru. 446 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Phyllomyias semifuscus (not of SCLATER) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 105, 1868 — part, City of Goyaz and Serrado, Goyaz (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Empidagra brevirostris SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 155, 1888 — part, Peru (ex TSCHUDI). Sublegatus platyrhynchus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 158, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Bahia, "Sao Paulo," Goiaz; BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 14, 1890 — Cuyabd and Jatuba, Matto Grosso (crit.); REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 74, 1910 — Boavista (Rio Grande), Santa Rita (Rio Preto), Bahia, and Serra da Prata, Parnagud, and Santa Philomena, Piauhy. Sublegatus brevirostris BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 365 — La Merced, Chanchamayo, Peru. Serpophaga albogrisea (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 333, 1892 — part, juv. in first plumage, Chapada (spec, examined). Sublegatus fasciatus (not Pipra fasciata THUNBERG) BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 4, 12, 1905 (crit., synon., range); BERLEPSCH and STOLZ- MANN, Ornis, 13, p. 87, 1906 — Santa Ana, Peru (spec, examined); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 285, 1907 — Itapurd, Sao Paulo; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 12, 1908 — Bom Lugar, Rio Punis; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Asunci6n, Paraguay; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 411, 1914 — part, Rio Punis; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc.. d'Orn., 9, p. 58, 1917 — Caceres, Matto Grosso; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 330, 1926 — Las Palmas (Chaco) and Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay. Sublegatus fasciatus fasciatus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 48, 1908 — Fazenda Esperanca and Goyaz City, Goyaz; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 340, 1910 (range in Argentina); idem, El Hornero, i, p. 237, 1919 — Isla Martin Garcia, Buenos Aires; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 96, 1921 — Santa Ana, Urubamba, Peru; MARELLI, Mem. Min. Obr. Publ. for 1922-23, p. 648, 1924 — Isla Martin Garcia. Sublegatus brevirostris brevirostris HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 200, 1909 — San Vicente and Ocampo, Chaco (spec, examined). Sublegatus modestus modestus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 175, 1925 — Corrientes (crit., nomencl., meas.). Range: Northern Argentina, from provinces of Buenos Aires (Isla Martin Garcia) and Mendoza to Corrientes, Chaco, and Tucuman; Paraguay; Brazil, from northern Sao Paulo (Itapura8), western Minas Geraes, and Matto Grosso north through the interior campos districts of Goyaz and Bahia to Piauhy and Maranhao, west to the Rio Punis; eastern Bolivia (Caiza, Dept. Tarija; Buenavista, Dept. Santa Cruz; Trinidad, Rio Mamore, Dept. Beni); eastern Peru (Maranura •The record from Iguap£ of Sublegatus platyrhynchus by Ihering (Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 195, 1899) must refer to some other species. S. m. modestus, an inhabi- tant of semi-arid country, is not likely to occur in the heavily forested littoral of Sao Paulo. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 447 and Santa Ana, Urubamba Valley, Dept. Cuzco; La Merced, Chan- chaniayo, Dept. Junin; Chuchurras, Dept. Huanuco)". 8: Brazil (Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia i; Tranqueira i, Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao 2; Piraputanga, Matto Grosso 2); Bolivia (Buenavista i, Trinidad, Mamore* River i). *Sublegatus modestus obscurior Toddb. TODD'S FLYCATCHER. Sublegatus glaber obscurior TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 33, p. 72, 1920 — Cayenne, French Guiana (type examined). Phyllomyias semifuscus (not of SCLATER) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 105, 1868 — Cajutuba, near Manaos (spec, examined). Sublegatus platyrhynchus (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 158, 1888 — part, spec, e, f, Mexiana, lower Amazon. Sublegatus glaber (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) HAGMANN, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 26, p. 30, 1907 — Santa Maria, Mexiana (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 134, 1908 — Isle le Pere and Cayenne, French Guiana (spec. examined). Sublegatus fasciatus (not Pipra fasciata THUNBERG) SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 411, 1914 — part, Mexiana, Monte Alegre, and Erere", Brazil; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 77, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Sublegatus fasciatus fasciatus HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 120, 1912 — Mexiana. Range: French and Dutch Guiana, and northeastern Brazil, south to the north bank of the lower Amazon (Mexiana, Monte Alegre, Obidos, Manaos). • Birds from Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru average somewhat larger, but the variation is insignificant. Two from Mendoza have stouter, blunter bills than any other specimen examined. Material examined. — Argentina: Mendoza 2, Corrientes (type of M. brevirostris) i, San Vicente, Santa Fe" 2. Bolivia; Rio Surutu 2, Buenavista i, Trinidad, Rio Mamore' i. Brazil: Chapada, Matto Grosso 2, Jatuba i, Cuyabd 2, Piraputanga 2; Itapurd, Sao Paulo i; Goyaz City 4, Serrado, Goyaz i, Fazenda Esperanca, Goyaz i; Lagoa Santa i, Paracatu, Minas Geraes i; Bahia 4; Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia i; Maranhao 3. Peru: Maranura 2, Santa Ana i, unspecified (type of E. brevirostris) i; Chuchurras, Huanuco i. b Sublegatus modestus obscurior TODD: Nearly allied to S. m. glaber, but throat and chest deeper (less whitish) gray; abdomen paler yellow; upper parts on average darker, dark olive gray rather than grayish olive. Wing (male) 68-74, (female) 67-68; tail 62-68; bill 9^-11. Specimens from French Guiana may be distinguished from glaber by their deeper grayish anterior under parts and paler yellow belly. The color of the upper surface, however, is somewhat variable, certain examples being hardly different from the Venezuelan race. Birds from the north bank of the Amazon (Mexiana, Obidos) diverge in the direction of S. m. modestus, in coloration as well as in shape of bill which, while more like that of modestus in general outline, is nevertheless decidedly larger. They are also more or less intermediate in proportion of tail, and their allo- cation is largely a matter of personal opinion. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 2, Isle le Pere 4, Mana 2. Brazil: Rio Branco 2, Cajtituba, near Manaos i, Islands near Obidos 5, Mexiana i. 448 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 2: Brazil (Boavista, Rio Branco i, Serra da Lua, near Boavista i). *Sublegatus modestus glaber Sclater and Salvin. SMOOTH FLYCATCHER. Sublegatus glaber SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168, 172, pi. 13, fig. 2 — Caracas, Venezuela; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 333 — Santa Marta; SCLA- TER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 157, 1888 — Caracas, Valencia, "Bogota"; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 54, 1892 — Canipano, Bermudez; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 40, p. 84, 1892 — Curacao; HARTERT, Ibis, 1893, p. 298, 318, 328 — Aruba, Curacao, and Bonaire; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 39, 1894 — Monos Isl., Trinidad; ROBINSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 18, p. 673, 1896 — Margarita Isl.; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumand; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 147, 1900 — Bonda; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 300, 1902 — Aruba, Curacao, Bonaire; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 421, 1907 (monog., synon.); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 363, 1908 — Pointe Gourde, Trinidad; CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 200, 1909 — Aruba; p. 207 — -Curacao; p. 212 — Aruba; p. 216 — Los Roques; p. 246 — Margarita Island; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 231, 1916 — Orinoco Valley, from Ciudad Bolivar to the mouth of the Apure, and Maripa, Caura (nest and eggs descr.); CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 460, 1917 — La Playa and Algodonal, Magdalena River, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 367, 1922 — Bonda, Don Diego, Mamatoco, Punto Caiman, Dibulla, and ' Rio Hacha. Empidonax atrirostris LAWRENCE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1871, p. 234 — Venezuela? = Carthagena, Colombia; SALVIN, Ibis, 1874, p. 316 (crit.). Sublegatus brevirostris glaber BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 45, 1902 — Altagratia, Caicara, and Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela (spec examined). Sublegatus arenarum (not of SALVIN) CLARK, Auk, 19, p. 264, 1902 — Margarita Isl.; LOWE, Ibis, 1907, p. 562 — Margarita Isl.; idem, I.e., 1909, p. 322 — Cariaco. Range: Northern Venezuela, south to the Orinoco and Caura valleys; Margarita Island; Monos Island; Trinidad; Curasao, Aruba, Bonaire, and Los Roques Island; northern Colombia (Santa Marta district, south to the lower Magdalena) a. • In the absence of material I am unable to determine whether birds from Panama and neighboring islands are referable to 5. m. glaber or S. m. arenarum, and accord- ingly the following references could not be allocated in synonymy: Sublegatus arenarum BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 30, 1901 — San Miguel Island; idem, I.e., p. 363, 1901 — David, Chiriqui; THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 152, 1905 — San Miguel and Saboga Isl.; idem, I.e., p. 218, 1906 — Savanna of Panama. In addition to those listed above, the following specimens have been examined. Trinidad: Carenage i. Venezuela: Cariaco 2; Altagracia, Rio Orinoco 6; San Fer- nando, Rio Apure 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 449 45: Venezuela (Margarita Island 9; Maripa, Caura River i; Macuto, Caracas 6 ; Encontrados, Zulia i ; Rio Aurare, Zulia 3) ; Los Roques Island 6; Curasao 2; Aruba 4; Bonaire 13. Sublegatus modestus arenarum (Salvin)*. PUNTA ARENAS FLY- CATCHER. Elainea arenarum SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1863, p. 190 — Punta Arenas, Costa Rica (type examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 153, 1888 — Punta Arenas. Sublegatus arenarum SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 37, pi. 36, fig. 3, 1888 — part, Punta Arenas; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 420, 1907 — Punta Arenas; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 720, 1910 — Punta Arenas. Range: Southwestern Costa Rica (Punta Arenas). Genus PHAEOMYIAS Berlepsch. Phaeomyias BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 41, 1902 — type by subs, desig. (CHUBB, 1921) Elainea incomta CABANIS and HEINE. *Phaeomyias murina murina (Spix). MOUSE-COLORED TYRANNULET. Platyrhynchus murinus SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 14, pi. 16, fig. 2, 1825 — Brazil (type lost, formerly in Munich Museum); BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Orm's, 6, p. 15, 1890 (crit.). Myiopatis superciliaris REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 346, pi. 8, fig. 2 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (type in Copenhagen Museum examined); BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 2, 1905 (crit.). Phyllomyias semifusca (not of SCLATER 1861) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 577 — Mexiana Island; LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 382 — Pard; FORBES, I.e., 1881, p. 342 — Pernambuco. Myiopatis incanescens (not Muscipeta incanescens WIED) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, Ypanema, Sao Paulo, and Goyaz and Serrado, Goyaz (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Myiopatis semifusca SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 123, 1888 — part, spec, j-t, Mexiana, Para, Pernambuco, Bahia, Ypanema, Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 334, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 15, 1897 — San Francisco, south- eastern Bolivia. Phaeomyias murina BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 3, 1905 (crit., range excl. Barra do Rio Negro) ; HELLMAYR, Abhdl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. • Sublegatus modestus arenarum (SALVIN) : Nearly allied to S. m. glaber, but crown much darker, forming a distinct dusky cap; pale edges to wing-coverts less con- spicuous; throat and chest deeper gray, abdomen paler yellow (under parts, thus, more like S. m. obscurior). Wing (male) 71; tail 68^; bill u. Material examined. — Costa Rica: Punta Arenas (the type) i. 450 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 646, 1906 (crit.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 279, 1907 — Rincao (Sao Paulo), Bahia, and Santarem; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 41, 1909 — Vipos, Tucuman (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 334, 1910 — Vipos; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 73, 1910 — Pao d'Alho, near Recife (Pernambuco), Barra do Rio Grande, Faz. da Porteiro, and Porto Grande, Rio Preto (Bahia), Parnagua, Sao Antonio de Gilboez, Caissara, Rio Parnahyba, and littoral of Piauhy; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 583 — Sapucay, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 57, 1917 — Caceres and Pocon6, Matto Grosso. Phaeomyias murina murina HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 14, p. n, 1907 — Urucurituba, Rio Tapaj6z ; idem, I.e., 15, p. 43, 1908 — Rio Araguaya, Goyaz ; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, 1912, p. 89 — Para; I.e., p. 107, 119 — Mexiana Isl. ; I.e., p. 130 — Cachoueira, Maraj6. Phaeomyias incomta (not of CABANIS and HEINE) SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 502, 1908 — Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 526, 1908 — Alcobaca, Rio Tocantins. Phaeomyias murina incomta SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 411, 1914 — part, Para, Quati-puru, Rio Tocantins (Alcobaca), and Rio Tapajtfz (Itaituba). Range: Brazil, south of the Amazon, from Mexiana, Maraj6, and the banks of the Tapaj6z down to Sao Paulo, Minas Geraes, and Matto Grosso; west through Paraguay to northern Argentina (Vipos, Tucuman) and southeastern Bolivia (San Francisco, Dept. Tarija)8. 13: Brazil Qua, near Iguatu, Ceara 6; Ibiapaba, Piauhy i; Gra- jahu, Maranhao 3 ; Cod6, Cocos, Maranhao i ; Alto Parnahyba, Mar- anhao i; Philadelphia, Goyaz i). *Phaeomyias murina incomta (Cabanis and Heine). NORTHERN MOUSE-COLORED TYRANNULET. Elainea incomta CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 59, 1859 — Carthagena, Colombia (type in Berlin Museum examined). Phyllomyias semifusca SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., "1861," p. 383, pi. 36, fig. i, 1862 — Santa Marta (type in British Museum examined); TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — Trinidad; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 168 — Caracas; SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1879, p. 201 — Atanques, Santa Marta region; SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 293 — Bartica Grove. • Phaeomyias m. murina and its northern representative are so closely similar that it is largely a matter of personal opinion where to draw a line between their ranges. As stated elsewhere, birds from the islands in the delta of the Amazon (Maraj6, Mexiana) and Para appear to be inseparable from those found in the in- terior of Brazil. A single adult male from Vipos (Tucuman) agrees better with this than any other form, though its bill is unusually slender. Material examined. — Brazil: Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes i ; Sao Paulo, Ypanema i, Campinas i, Jundiahy i; Goyaz (City) 2, Rio Araguaya, Goyaz 3; Bahia 8; Jua, near Iguatu, Ceara 6; Ibiapaba, Piauhy i ; Maranhao 5 ; Para 3 ; Mexiana 3; Maraj6 i. Argentina: Vipos, Tucuman i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 451 Myiopatis semifusca SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 123, 1888 — part, spec, a-i, Santa Marta, Atanques, Bogota, Caracas, Bartica Grove, Oyapock, Surinam; CHAPMAN, Bull. Ainer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 38, 1894 — Monos Island; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta and La Guaira (crit.); ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 149, 1900 — Bonda and Cacagualito; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 117, 1904 — Mahury, French Guiana. Myiopatis incanescens (not Muscipeta incanescens WIED) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, Barra do Rio Negro (spec, examined). Phyllomyias virescens (not of TEMMINCK) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 105, 1868 — part, Forte do Rio Branco (spec, examined ;=juv.). Pogonotriccus sp. ROBINSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 18, p. 684, 1895 — La Guaira; idem, I.e., 24, p. 173, 1901 — La Guaira. Phaeomyias incomta BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 41, 1902 — Ciudad Bolivar, Altagracia, and Caicara, Rio Orinoco. Phaeomyias murina incomta BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 3, 1905 (range); BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 135, 318, 1908 — Cayenne, Roche- Marie, He le Pere, Mahury, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 411, 1914 — part, Monte Alegre (spec, examined); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 226, 1916 — Orinoco Valley; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 451, 1917 — Cisneros, Cali, Calamar, Chicoral, Honda, Fusugasuga, Villavicencio, Colombia; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 76, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo; TODD and CAR- RIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 369, 1922 — Bonda, Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Minca, Rio Hacha, Arroya de Arenas, and Valencia, Santa Marta region. Phaeomyias incompta CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 177, 1921 — Upper Takutu Mountains, Bonasika River, Abary River, Bartica. Range: Tropical Zone of Colombia; Venezuela; Monos and Trini- dad Islands; British, Dutch, and French Guiana; northern Brazil, from the confines of Guiana south to the north bank of the lower Amazon (Manaos, Monte Alegre)a. 37 : Colombia (El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jos6 de Cucuta, Santander i; Villavicencio i); Venezuela (Colon, Tachira 7; Lake Valencia, Carabobo i ; Puerto Cabello i ; Caracas i ; Macuto, Caracas 4; Maracay, Aragua 12); British Guiana (Georgetown i); Brazil (Manaos i ; Boavista, Rio Branco 4, Serra da Lua, near Boavista 3). ^Phaeomyias murina wagae (Taczanowski)b. WAGA'S TYRANNULET. a Specimens from French Guiana and Brazil average smaller than a series from the north coast of Venezuela and Colombia, while those from the north bank of the Amazon (Mana6s, Monte Alegre), in coloration of upper parts, closely approach the typical race. Forty-nine specimens examined. b Phaeomyias murina wagae (TACZANOWSKI) : Nearest to P. m. incomta, but with larger bill; upper parts darker and more olivaceous, less rufescent; yellow color below 452 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Myiopatis wagae TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 253, 1884 — Chirimoto, Peru (one of the typical examples in Coll. Berlepsch examined). Phyllomyias sp., TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 19 — Chirimoto. Phyllomyias semifusca wagae BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 363 — La Merced, Chanchamayo, Peru (spec, examined). Range : Tropical Zone of eastern Peru, from the eastern slope of the Central Cordillera in Dept. San Martin (Chirimoto, Valley of Huaya- bamba; Moyobamba) south to the Chanchamayo district, Dept. Junin; and western Bolivia (Chaco and Chulumani, Yungas of La Paz). 9: Peru (Moyobamba 5; San Ramon, Chanchamayo 4, Rio Colo- rado, Chanchamayo i). Phaeomyias murina tumbezana (Taczanowskiy. TUMBEZ TYRANNU- LET. Phyllomyias tumbezana TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1877, p. 325 — Tumbez, northwestern Peru (one of the typical examples in Vienna Museum examined) ; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 234 — part, Guajango, Rio Marafion (spec, examined). Myiopatis tumbezana BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 554 — Guayaquil, Ecuador (spec, examined); TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 252, 1884 — part, Tumbez and Guajango; SCLATER, Cat B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 124, 1888 — part, spec, a, c, d, Tumbez, Guajango. Phaeomyias murina tumbezana BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Perico and Bellavista, Dept. Cajamarca. Range: Arid littoral of southwestern Ecuador (Guayaquil district) and adjacent section of northern Peru (Tumbez region, east to the valley of the upper Marafion). *Phaeomyias murina inflava Chapman*. CHAPMAN'S TYRANNULET. more extensive, encroaching on the foreneck and leaving only the upper throat whitish. Wing (male) 60-63, (female) 54-57; tail 57-60, (female) 50-53; bill 9-10. Material examined. — Peru, Dept. San Martin: Chirimoto i, Moyobamba 5. Dept. Junin: San Ramon 4, La Merced i, Rio Colorado i. Bolivia: Chaco i, Chulumani i. • Phaeomyias murina tumbezana (TACZANOWSKI) : Nearest to P. m. wagae, of eastern Peru, but upper parts much duller, between drab and hair brown; wing-bands much wider and decidedly cinnamon; foreneck, breast, and sides dingy grayish, only the middle of the abdomen very pale yellowish. Wing 61-64, (female) 56-59; taU 57-58, (female) 55; bill 10. Birds from the Marafion (Guajango) average slightly larger. Material examined. — Ecuador: Guayaquil i. Peru: Tumbez 2, Guajango 4. b Phaeomyias murina inflava CHAPMAN: Similar to P. m. tumbezana, but slightly larger, and middle of the abdomen dingy white, without any yellow. Wing (male) 62-66, (female) 59; tail 57-61, (female) 55. Material examined. — Peru, Dept. Libertad: Pacasmayo 3, San Pedro i, Meno- cucho i , Trujillo 6. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 453 Phaeomyias inflava CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 10, 1924 — Viru, Dept. Trujillo, Peru. Phyllomyias tumbezana (not of TACZANOWSKI 1877) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 234 — part, Pacasmayo (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Chepen. Myiopatis tumbezana TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 252, 1884 — part, Pacas- mayo, Chepen, and Guadalupe; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 124, 1888 — part, spec, b, e, Pacasmayo, San Pedro. Range : Arid littoral of western Peru, in Dept. Libertad (Guadalupe, Pacasmayo, Chepen, San Pedro, Trujillo, Viru). 2: Peru (Menocucho i, Trujillo i). *Phaeomyias tenuirostris (Cory)*. SLENDER-BILLED TYRANNULET. Camptostoma pusittum tenuirostris CORY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 289, 1913 — Rio Aurare, east of Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela. Ornithion pusittum (not Myiopatis pusilla CABANIS and HEINE) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — part, one spec, ex "Bonda" = Cienaga, Colombia. Phaeomyias tenuirostris TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 370, 1922 — Gaira, Dibulla, and Rio Hacha, Santa Marta region (crit.). Range: Coast region of northern Colombia (from Cienaga at the mouth of the Magdalena east to Goajira) and northwestern Venezuela (shores of Lake Maracaibo, northern Zulia). 3: Venezuela (Maracaibo i, Rio Aurare 2). Genus CAMPTOSTOMA Sclater. Camptostoma SCLATER P. Z. S. Lond., 25, p. 203, Nov. 1857 — type by monotypy Camptostoma imberbe SCLATER. Myiopatis CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 58, 1859 — no type specified1*. » Phaeomyias tenuirostris (CORY) : Superficially resembling Camptostoma obsole- tum pusillum, but considerably smaller; back and rump much more brownish, bright saccardo's olive rather than light greenish olive; breast and abdomen brighter yellow, strongly contrasting with white of throat; no grayish olive tinge on chest; bill very differently shaped, being narrower, much more depressed, and much less convex along culminal ridge. Wing (male) 45, (female) 44; tail 36-38; bill 8-8#. While undoubtedly quite distinct from C. pusillum, of which the describer regarded it as a subspecies, this bird may even deserve generic separation from Phaeomyias on account of its smaller (though similarly shaped) bill and propor- tionately much shorter tail. b The genus included (i) Myiopatis "incanescens" which, on examination of the original example in the Heine Collection, turns put to be Camptostoma cinerascens; (2) Myiopatis obsoleta (TEMMINCK); (3) Myiopatis pusilla CABANIS and HEINE. The diagnosis, too, applies to the members of the genus Camptostoma of which Myiopatis thus becomes a synonym. 454 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Renggerornis BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 130, Jan. 1901 — type Renggerornis leucophthalmus BERTONI = Muscicapa obsolete TEMMINCK. *Camptostoma obsoletum obsoletum (Temminck)*. TEMMINCK'S TY- RANNULET. Muscicapa obsoleta (NATTERER MS.) TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 46, pi. 275, fig. i, 1824 — type from Curytiba, Parand, Brazilb. Renggerornis leucophthalmus BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 130, 1901 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay. Myiopatis obsoleta PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, Ypanema and Curytiba (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 345 — part, Rio de Janeiro and Campinas, Sao Paulo. Ornithion obsoletum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 578 — Sao Paulo and Parana; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 131, 1885 — Taquara, Rio Grande do Sul (crit.); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 127, 1888 — Ypane- ma; STEMPELMANN and SCHULZ, Bol. Ac. Nac. Ci. Cordoba, 10, p. 402, 1890 — Cordoba; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Mundo Novo; LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Tucuman; idem, Rev. letr. y cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Tucuman; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 280, 1907 — part, Ypiranga, Alto da Serra, Itarar6, and Rio Grande do Sul; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 584 — Ybitimi and Sapucay, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana. Ornithion cinerascens (not of WIED) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 148, 1889 — part (syn. M. obsoleta); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 280, 1907 — part, Iguape', Itatiba, Itarare', Jundiahy, Sao Paulo; GRANT, Ibis, 1911, p. 119 — Curuzii Chica, Paraguay; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana. Ornithion imberbe (not of SCLATER) IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 192, 1899 — Iguap6 (spec, examined). Ornithion obsoletum obsoletum HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 44, 1908 — range part, excl. Minas Geraes; DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 18, p. 337, 1910 — Cordoba, Tucuman, Ocampo, Alto Parana; MENEGAUX, Rev. Franc, d'Orn., 10, p. 333, 1918 — Villa Lutetia, near San Ignatio, Misiones. Ornithion obsoleta obsoleta HARTERT and VENTURI, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 198, 1909 — Arcual (Salta), Tapia (Tucuman), San Vicente and Ocampo, Chaco (Santa F6) (nest and egg descr.). Camptostoma obsoletum obsoletum DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 23, p. 341, 1912 — Gran Potrero, Paraguay; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 326, 1926 — Resistencia (Chaco), 200 kilom. west of Puerto Pinasco and Cerro Lorito, Paraguay, and Tapia, Tucuman. • An earlier name is perhaps Sylvia cyanicottis VIEILLOT (Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. eel., n, p. 177, 1817 — based on Azara, No. 162, Paraguay), but the description is not precise enough for certain identification. b See Nov. Zool., 15, p. 43, 1908, sub No. 67. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLMAYR. 455 Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northern Argentina (in prov. Misiones, Santa Fe*, Chaco, Cordoba, Tucumdn, and Salta)". 5: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio i); Argentina (Ocampo, Prov. Santa Fe" i; Puerto Segundo, Misiones 2, Eldorado, Misiones i). *Camptostoma obsoletum cinerascens (Wied)b. WIED'S TYRANNULET. Hylophilus cinerascens WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 723, 1831 — Barra do Jucu, Rio Espirito Santo, Espirito Santo. Mttscicapa obsolete (not of TEMMINCK) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 53, 1837 — part, Chiquitos (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara obsoleta D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. me'rid., Ois., p. 328, 1839 — part, Chiquitos. Elaenea murina (not Platyrhynchus murinus SPIX) BURMEISTER, Syst. Ubers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 481, 1856 — Congonhas, Minas Geraes (spec, examined). Myiopatis obsoleta (not of TEMMINCK) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, Goyaz (spec, examined); REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 345 — part, Lagoa Santa, Paracatu, and Andrequece", Minas Geraes. Ornithion incanescens (not Muscipeta incanescens WIED) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., , p- 577 — part, Goyaz and Bahia. Ornithion cinerascens ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 148, 231, 1889 (crit. note on type) ; idem, I.e., 4, p. 334, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHER- ING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 280, 1907 — part, Salto Grande do Paranapanema, Bahia, and Espirito Santo; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 73, 1910 — Faz. Sao Antonio, Rio Preto (Bahia); Olho d'Agoa, Apertada Hora and coast district (Piauhy). a Two specimens from Ocampo and three from Misiones — the only ones from Argentina I have been able to examine — apparently do not differ from others taken in southern Brazil. Material examined. — Rio de Janeiro: Therezopolis i. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 3, Victoria 2, Iguape" i, Iporanga i, ItararS 2, Ypiranga 2. Parana: Curytiba i, Roca Nova, Serra do Mar i. Santa Catharina: Laguna i. Rio Grande do Sul: Taquara3. Paraguay: Sapucay2. Argentina: Ocampo, Santa F6 2 ; Puerto Segundo and Eldorado, Misiones 3. b Camptostoma obsoletum cinerascens (WIED) : Very similar to C. o. obsoletum, but decidedly smaller and paler, especially above. Wing 48-55; tail 38-48. The range of this form is hard to define. While birds from Espirito Santo to Maranhao are fairly separable by smaller size, shorter bill, and paler coloring, those from Minas, Goyaz, and northern Sao Paulo are so variously intermediate, that they might, with equal justification, be referred to either obsoletum or cinerascens. It is mainly on geographical grounds that I include them under the heading of ciner- ascens. Material examined. — Espirito Santo (topotypical) 2. Bahia 14. Piauhy: Aper- tada Hora i, Arara i. Maranhao: Grajahu i. Goyaz: Rio Thesouras i, Goyaz City 2, Porto Imperial i. Minas Geraes: Congonhas i. Sao Paulo: Bebedouro 2. Bolivia: Chiquitos i. 456 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ornithion imberbe (not of SCLATER 1857) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 126, 1888 — part, spec, o-t, Bahia, Lagoa Santa, Brazil. Ornithion obsoletum IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 280, 1907 — part, Avanhan- dava, Bebedouro, Sao Paulo (spec, examined). Ornithion obsoletum cinerascens HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 43, 44, 1908 — Rio Thesouras, Goyaz (range, crit.); idem, I.e., 32, p. 186, 1925 — part, spec, a, Chiquitos; MENEGAUX Rev. Franc. d'Orn., 9, p. 57, 1917 — Caceres and Po- con6, Matto Grosso. Range: Eastern and central Brazil, from Espirito Santo north to Piauhy and Maranhao, west through Minas Geraes and Goyaz to Matto Grosso, south to northern Sao Paulo (Bebedouro, Avanhandava) ; and eastern Bolivia (plains of Chiquitos).. 4: Brazil Qua, near Iguatu, Ceara i; Arara, Piauhy i; Grajahu, Maranhao i; Alto Parnahyba, Maranhao i). *Camptostoma obsoletum subsp.B. Muscicapa obsolete, (not of TEMMINCK) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 53, 1837 — part, Cochabamba (spec, in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara obsolete, D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Am6r. meYid., Ois., p. 328, 1839 — part, Cochabamba. Camptosloma obsoletum cinerascens (not of WIED) HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 1 86, 1925 — part, spec, b, Cochabamba. Range: Tropical Zone of Bolivia, in depts. Cochabamba, Santa Cruz (Buenavista, Samaipata), and La Paz (Songo). i: Bolivia (Buenavista i). *Camptostoma obsoletum sclateri (Berlepsch and Taczanowski)b. SCLATER'S TYRANNULET. Eupsilostoma pusillum (not Myiopatis pusilla CABANIS and HEINE) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 68, 1860 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., p. 283, 1860 — Baba- • Birds from the interior of Bolivia probably constitute a separable race. While nearly allied to C. o. obsoletum, they appear to be larger, the bill particularly so, and differ, besides, by being more decidedly greenish on the back and more suffused with grayish on the anterior lower parts. More material is needed to confirm the constancy of these characters. Material examined. — Cochabamba i, Buenavista i, Samaipata i, Songo i. b Camptostoma obsoletum sclateri (BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI) : Similar to C. o. cinerascens, but with slenderer, longer bill; rump and tail-coverts buffy, paler than the back; rectrices tipped with buffy or whity brown. Peruvian birds average more grayish above. Material examined. — Ecuador: Lita, Prov. Esmeraldas 2; Pallatanga i, Yagua- chi i, Balzar i, Chimbo 3. Peru: Tumbez i, Callacate i, Vina, Marafion 13, Cha- chapoyas i, Tembladera 4, Trujillo i, Menocucho i, Hacienda Limon, east of Balsas 4, Lima 2, Santa Eulalia i, Chosica i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 457 hoyo; TACZANOWSKI, l.c., 1874, P- 536 — Lima; idem, I.e., 1877, p. 325 — Tumbez, Peru; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 236, 1870 — Puna Island. Ornithion ptisillum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 577 — part, western Ecuador; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1879, p. 234 — Pacasmayo. Ornithion imberbe (not of SCLATER 1857) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 234 — Guajango; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 202 — Callacate; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Chirimoto; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 126, 1888 — part, spec, k-n, Pallatanga, Santa Rita, Lima, Guajango. Ornithion sclateri BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 554 (new name for Eupsilostoma pusillum SCLATER, preoccupied) — Guayaquil, Yagu- achi and Chimbo, Ecuador; idem, I.e., 1884, p. 296 — Cayandeled; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 90 — Yaguachi; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 254, 1884 — Peruvian localities; SALVIN, Nov. Zool., 2, p. 12, 1895 — Chusgon (Huamachuco), Malca (Cajabamba), Vina (Huamachuco); SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 7, 1899 — Guayaquil, Vinces and Balzar. Ornithion imberbe sclateri BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1892, p. 380 Lima; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898— Chimbo and Paramba, Ecuador. Camptostoma sclateri BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Huancabamba, Peru. Range: Western Ecuador (north to Prov. Esmeraldas) and Peru (along the coast south to Lima; in the north spreading east to the Maranon and even to the Huayabamba Valley). ii : Ecuador (Lita, Prov. Esmeraldas i ; Chimbo i); Peru (Tumbez i ; Chachapoyas i ; Menocucho i ; Hacienda Limon, ten miles east of Balsas 4; Santa Eulalia i; Chosica i). Camptostoma obsoletum olivaceum (Berlepsch}*. OLIVACEOUS TYRAN- NULET. Ornithion pusillum olivaceum BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 301, 1889 — Iquitos (type) and Tarapoto, Rio Huallaga, Peru (type in Berlepsch Collection ex- amined). Ornithion pusillum juruanum IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 6, p. 434, 1905 — Rio Jurua (type examined). Camptostoma flaviv entre (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1864) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 188 — upper Ucayali. Ornithion ptisillum (not Myiopatis pusilla CABANIS and HEINE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 278 — upper Ucayali; SCLATER, I.e., p. 577 — • • Camptostoma obsoletum olivaceum (BERLEPSCH): Most nearly allied to C. o. napaeum, of Lower Amazonia etc., but upper parts brighter greenish; crown hardly darker than back; yellow of lower surface brighter and extending up to the throat, only the chin being whitish. Wing (male) 50, (female) 47 ; tail 44, (female) 38. The type of 0. p. juruanum is even lighter green above than the type from Iquitos, but otherwise the two specimens are alike except for the sexual difference in size. An old faded skin from the Ucayali in the British Museum appears to be similar. 458 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. part, eastern Peru ; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 255, 1884 — Iquitos; SCLATER Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 126, 1888 — part, spec, f, upper Ucayali; (?) d, e, Zamora, Rio Napo. Ornithion pusillum napaeum (not of RIDGWAY) IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 280, 1907 — Rio Jurud. Range: Upper Amazonia, from western Brazil (Rio Jurua) to northeastern Peru (Iquitos; Tarapoto, Rio Huallaga; upper Ucayali); (?) eastern Ecuador (Rio Napo, Zamora). *Camptostoma obsoletum napaeum (Ridguuay}*. RIDGWAY'S TYRAN- NULET. Ornithion napaeum RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 520, 1888 — Diaman- tina, near Santarem, Rio Tapaj6z; RIKER, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diamantina. Camptostoma flaviventre (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1864) SCLATER and SAL VIM, P. Z. S. Lend., 1867, p. 577 — Mexiana (spec, examined). Camptostoma imberbe (not of SCLATER) TAYLOR, Ibis, 1864, p. 86 — Trinidad. Myiopatis pusilla (not of CABANIS and HEINE) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 234, 1866— Trinidad. Ornithion pusillum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 577 — part, Trinidad and Guiana; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 126, 1888 — part, spec, g-t, Bogota^ Venezuela, Trinidad, Bartica Grove, Surinam, Oyapock, Mexiana, Pard; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 54, 1892 — Carupano, Bermudez; CHAPMAN, I.e., 6, p. 38, 1894 — • Princestown, Trinidad; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Cumanacoa and San Antonio, Bermudez; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 42, 1902 — Suapure and La Pricion (Caura), Ciudad Bolivar, Altagracia, and Caicara (Orinoco); HELLMAYR, I.e., 13, p. 23, 1906 — Caparo and Seelet, Trinidad; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 189, 1906 — Aripo, Trinidad; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 136, 1908 — Cayenne and Roche-Marie, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 502, 1908 — Ilha de Coata and Itaituba, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 526, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 413, 1914 — Sao Antonio do Prata, Rio Tocan- tins (Arumatheua), Rio Xingu (Victoria, Fort Amb£), Rio Tapaj6z (Boim, Itaituba, Coata), Monte Alegre, Serra de Erere, Rio Maecuni, Maraj6 (Sao Natal, Tuyuyu), Obidos, Rio Jamundd (Faro); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 180, 1921 — Bartica Grove and Arawai River. Ornithion cinerascens (not of WIED) LAYARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 382 — Nazare", Para (spec, examined). Ornithion pusillum pusillum HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 361, 1906 — Sao An- tonio do Prata, Para^ Ornithion pusillum napaeum HELLMAYR Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 120, 1912 — Nazare" and Sao Antonio, Pard, and • While generally distinguishable by yellowish belly and whitish (instead of cinnamomeous) wing bands, there is much individual variation in this form, and certain specimens come very close to C. o. cinerascens. 1927. BIRDS OP THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 459 Mexiana; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 227, 1916 — Orinoco region. Camptostoma pusillum napaewn RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 413, 1907 — Venezuela and Trinidad to lower Amazon Valley; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 452, 1917 — Villavicencio, Colombia; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 76, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo, Surinam. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela (except northwestern section); Island of Trinidad; eastern Colombia (Villa- vicencio, at base of Eastern Andes); northern Brazil, on the lower Amazon, from Pard west to the Tapaj6z and Mandosa. 4: Brazil (Manaos 2); Venezuela (Caracas i); Colombia ("Bo- gota" i). *Camptostoma obsoletum pusillum (Cabanis and Heine)b. LITTLE TYRANNULET. Myiopatis pusillum CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 58, 1859 — Carthagena (type in Berlin Museum examined). Ornithion pusillum SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 577 — part, Carthagena; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — Santa Marta; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — Bonda, part. Ornithion imberbe (not of SCLATER) BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 301, 1884 — Bucaramanga. Ornithion inerme (not of HARTLAUB) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 131 p. 149, 1900 — Bonda. Camptostoma pusillum pusillum RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 413, 1907 — Caribbean slope of Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 452, igr? — Rio Atrato, Banco, Carpintero, Algodonal, and Chicoral, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 368, 1922 — Bonda, La Tigrera, Fundacion, Dibulla, Tucurinca, and Rio Hacha. Range: Caribbean coast of Colombia, from the Atrato to Rio Hacha, La Goajira, south into the Magdalena Valley (vicinity of Honda); and northwestern Venezuela, State of Zulia (Rio Aurare, east of Maracaibo). i : Venezuela (Rio Aurare i). • Material examined. — Trinidad: Caparo 12. Venezuela: Altagracia 3, Caicara 2, Caracas i, Bermudez 4. French Guiana 5. Colombia: "Bogotd" 10. Brazil: Sao Antonio, Pard 3, Mexiana 2, Para i, Rio Maecuru i, Monte Alegre 3, Manaos 2, Arumatheua i, Itaituba i. b Camptostoma obsoletum pusillum (CABANIS and HEINE) : Similar to C. p. na- paeum, but above lighter greenish olive with the pileum olive or olive brown, instead of sooty brown and forming a distinct cap. The specimen from Rio Aurare is slightly intermediate, but nearer pusillum. Material examined. — Colombia: Aracataca 2, Mamatoco 2, Carthagena i, Bucaramanga i. Venezuela: Rio Aurare i. 460 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAE HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Camptostoma obsoletmn caucae Chapman*. CAUCA TYRANNULET. Camptostoma aucae CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, p. 178, 1914 — Rio Frio (type) and Miraflores, Cauca Valley, Colombia; idem, I.e., 36, p. 452, 1917 — same localities. Range: Western Colombia, in the Cauca Valley, on the western slope of the Central Andes. *Camptostoma obsoletum flaviventre Sclater and Salvin*. PANAMA TYRANNULET. Camptostoma fiaviventre SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 358 — Panama. Ornithion pusillum subflavum CHERRIE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 15, p. 28, 1892 — Pozo Azul de Pirns, southwestern Costa Rica. Ornithion pusittum (not of CABANIS and HEINE) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 126, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Bogaba, Chiriqui, Panama; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 577 — part, Chiriqui and Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 30, 1888 — part, Bogaba and Lion Hill, Panama. Camptostoma pusillum flaviventre RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 417, 1907 — Panama to Pacific Coast of Costa Rica (monog.); BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 301, 1907 — El Pozo and Paso Real de Terraba, Costa Rica; idem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 22, p. 33, 1909 — Bolson, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 721, 1910 — Pozo Azul de Pirris, Costa Rica; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 265 — Gatun, Panama; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 316, 1924 — Sosa Hill, Panama. Range: Panama (including the Pearl Islands) and Pacific coast of Costa Rica as far north as southern Guanaeaste (Bolson). 3: Panama (Colon i); Costa Rica (Palmar i, Buenos Aires i). *Camptostoma imberbe Sclater0. BEARDLESS TYRANNULET. Camptostoma imberbe SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 203, Nov. 1857 — San Andres Tuxtla, Vera Cruz, Mexico (type examined); idem, Ibis, 1859, p. 444, pi. 14, fig. i — same locality; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 414, 1907 — from southwestern border of United States to western Nicaragua • Camptostoma obsoletum caucae CHAPMAN: Closely allied to C. p. pusillum, but somewhat darker, more grayish olive above, with a well-defined sooty cap; throat and chest grayish, strongly contrasting with the sulphur yellow belly. Material examined. — Colombia: Rio Frio i. b Camptostoma obsoletum flaviventre SCLATER and SALVIN differs from its South American allies by slightly larger size and much clearer yellow under parts, without any olive or grayish shading on throat or chest. Costa Rican birds (subflavum) appear to be identical with those from Panama. 0 1 would not hesitate to regard the Beardless Tyrannulet as conspecific with C. obsoletum had not Underwood found it at Bolson, Costa Rica, along with C. o. flaviventre. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 461 (monog.); BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 22, p. 33, 1909 — Tenorio, Coralillo, and Bolson, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 720, 1910 — Bebedero, Costa Rica; PHILLIPS, Auk, 28, p. 78, 1911 — Guiaves and Alta- mira, Tamaulipas; SWARTH, Pacif. Coast Avif., 10, p. 44, 1914 — Santa Cruz Valley, Tucson, Arizona; RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 12, No. 8, p. 28, 1919 — Granada, Nicaragua; GRISCOM, Amer. Mus. Novit., 236, p. 10, 1926 — Coz- umel, Island (crit.). Ornilhion incanescens (not of WIED) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lend., 1873, P- 577 — Part» Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Ornithion imberbe SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 126, 1888 — part, spec, a-j, San Andres Tuxtla, Presidio, Cozumel Isl., Escuintla, Realejo; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 29, 1888 — part, Texas to Nicaragua. Ornithion imberbe ridgwayi BREWSTER, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl., 7, p. 208, 1882 — Tucson, Arizona. Range: Southwestern border of United States (in southern Texas and southern Arizona) ,' southward through Mexico, Guatemala, and western Nicaragua to northwestern Costa Rica (from the Gulf of Nicoya northwards). 4: Arizona (Tucson i); Mexico (Colima 2; San Felipe, Yucatan i). Genus XANTHOMYIAS Berlepsch". Xanthomyias BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 490, 1907 — type by orig. desig. Muscicapa virescens TEMMINCK. *Xanthomyias virescens virescens (Temminck}b. GREENISH TYRAN- NULET. Muscicapa virescens (NATTERER MS.) TEMMINCK, Nouv. Rec. PI. col., livr. 46, pi. 275, fig. 3, May 1824 — Brazil, coll. Natterer = Curytiba, Parana. Elainea holmbergiana BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 120, 1901 — Alto Parana". Tyranniscus bolivianus paulistus IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 272, 1902 — Bauni, Sao Paulo (type in Museu Paulista examined); idem, I.e., 6, p. 346, 1905 (crit.). * Genus Xanthomyias BERLEPSCH. Allied to Phyllomyias, but bill narrower and higher (less dilated and depressed), with the culmen rounded and strongly convex on apical portion. b Xanthomyias virescens virescens (TEMMINCK), while somewhat similar to Phyl- lomyias fasciatus brevirostris, may be recognized, in addition to the differently-shaped bill and whitish mandible, by much brighter, fresher green upper parts; like the rest of the lower surface bright yellow throat, and particularly by the two well-marked, pale yellow wing-bands, formed as in Phylloscartes ventralis. 0 An authentic specimen, received from Bertoni, in the Museu Paulista (No. 4741. Puerto Bertoni, 1904), which I had an opportunity of examining through the cour- tesy of Dr. H. von Ihering, was found to be identical with some of Natterer's ex- amples. 462 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Elaenea brevirostris (not of SPIX) BURMEISTER, Syst. t)bers. Th. Bras., 2, p. 479, 1856 — Rio de Janeiro and Novo Friburgo. Phyllomyias virescens PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 105, 1868 — part, Rio de Janeiro, Ypanema (Sao Paulo), and Curytiba (Parand) (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 25, 1905 (char., range); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 278, 1907 — Bauru, Itarare1, Itapura (Sao Paulo) and Paraguay; CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 583 — Sapucay, Paraguay (spec, examined). Phyllomyias salvadorii (not of DUBOIS) OBERHOLSER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, P- 137, 1902 — Sapucay. Xanihomyias mrescens BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 490, 1907; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 57, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni; HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 136, 1915 — Brago do Sul, near Victoria, Espirito Santo; CHROSTOWSKI, Ann. Zool. Mus. Pol. Hist. Nat., i, p. 32, 1921 — Antonio Olyntho, Parana. Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Espirito Santo and Minas Geraes south to Parana; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones)a. 4: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio 2); Argentina (Rio Paranay, Misi- ones 2). Xanthomyias virescens reiser! ( Hellmayr) b. REISER'S TYRANNULET. Phyllomyias reiseri HELLMAYR, Bull. B. O. C., 15, p. 73, 1905 — Grotao, on the road from Sao Antonio to Santa Philomena, Piauhy. Xanthomyias reiseri REISER, Denks. math, naturwiss. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, P- 73. 1910; idem, I.e., p. 159, 1925 — Grotao. Range: Northeastern Brazil (in State of Piauhy). Xanthomyias virescens urichi (Chapman}". URICH'S TYRANNULET. Mecocerculus urichi CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 12, p. 155, 1899 — Quebrada Secca, Bermudez (type examined). 8 Birds from Paraguay are identical with the Brazilian ones. Measurements: wing (male) 60-64, (female) 56-60; tail 59-64, (female) 53-58; bill 9-10. Material examined. — Brazil: Brago do Sul, Espirito Santo i; Therezopolis, Rio 2 ; Rio de Janeiro 2 ; Agua Suja, near Bagagem i, Rio Jordao, Araguay, Minas Geraes i; Ypanema 2, Itapura i, Fazenda Cayoa, Salto Grande do Rio Parana- panema i, Bauru, Sao Paulo i; Curytiba 2, Roc.a Nova, Serra do Mar, Parana i. Paraguay: Sapucay 2, Bernalcu6, near Asunci6n i, Puerto Bertoni i. b Xanthomyias virescens reiseri (HELLMAYR) : Similar to X. v. virescens, but smaller; forehead ashy gray; back of a clearer, much more yellowish green; wing bands broader; yellowish superciliaries more conspicuous; under parts paler yellow, obsoletely flammulated with whitish on the chest. Wing (male) 54; tail 50^'. bill 9. Material. — Brazil, Piauhy: Grotao (the type) i. 8 Xanthomyias virescens urichi (CHAPMAN) : In size nearer to X. v. virescens, but forehead tinged with ashy as in reiseri; back even duller green than in virescens; throat more whitish and wing bands paler yellowish than in either form. Wing (female) 56-58; tail 53-57; bill 10. Material examined. — Venezuela, Bermudez: Quebrada Secca 2, Los Palmales i, unspecified i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 463 Phyllomyias venezuelensis HARTERT, Bull. B. O. C., u, p. 39, 1900 — 'Cumana" = Los Palmales, Bermudez (type examined). Xanthomyias urichi HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 171, 1914 (crit.). Range: Northeastern Venezuela (Los Palmales and Quebrada Secca, State of Bermudez). *Xanthomyias sclateri sclateri (Berlepsch)*. SCLATER'S TYRANNULET. Phyllomyias sclateri BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 49, p. 90, 1901 — Bueyes, near Santa Cruz de la Sierra (type) and San Mateo, north of Cochabamba, Bolivia (spec, examined); HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 16, p. 200, 1909 — Jujuy. Xanthomyias sclateri BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 491, 1907; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 26, 1909 — Vipos, Tucuman (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires, 18, p. 334, 1910 — Vipos; DINELLI, El Hornero, i, p. 144, 1918 (nest and eggs descr.); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 172, 1914 — Bolivia and northwestern Argentina (crit.). (?) Phyllomyias brevirostris (not of SPIX) LILLO, Anal. Mus. Nac. B. Aires, 8, p. 185, 1902 — Vipos; idem, Rev. letr. cienc. soc., 3, p. 49, 1905 — Vipos. Range: Tropical Zone of Bolivia (depts. Cochabamba and Santa Cruz) and northwestern Argentina (prov. Jujuy and Tucuma'n). i: Argentina (Cafetal, Jujuy i). Xanthomyias sclateri subtropicalis (Chapman)*. SUBTROPICAL TYRAN- NULET. Mecocerculus subtropicalis CHAPMAN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 262, 1919 — San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba Canyon (type) and Idma, above Santa Ana, Peru (type examined); idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 89, 1921 — same localities. Range : Subtropical Zone of southeastern Peru (Urubamba Valley). Genus PHYLLOMYIAS Cabanis and Heine. Phyllomyias CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 57, 1859 — type by subs, desig. (Sclater 1888) Platyrhynchus brevirostris SPIX. • Xanthomyias sclateri sclateri (BERLEPSCH) : Similar in form to X. virescens virescens, but under parts chiefly white shaded with pale grayish on throat, flam- mulated with pale yellowish on breast and sides, only the axillaries and under wing coverts bright yellow; crown grayish; lores and superciliary streak, cheeks, and an- terior auriculars whitish instead of yellow. Wing (male) 62-66, (female) 59-62; tail 58-63, (female) 53-56; bill 9. Material examined. — Bolivia: Bueyes, near Santa Cruz (type) i, San Mateo, Cochabamba 4. Argentina: Cafetal, Jujuy 2, Vipos, Tucuman i. b Xanthomyias sclateri subtropicalis (CHAPMAN) : Very similar to X. s. sclateri, but decidedly duller, more grayish green (somewhat duller than Kronberg's green instead of yellowish oil green) above, with the crown more grayish; white super- ciliaries wider and more pronounced. Wing (male) 62-65, (female) 60; tail 58-66, (female) 55; bill 8^-9- Material examined. — Peru: San Miguel Bridge (including the type) 3, foot of Matchu Picchu i, Idma i. 464 FIRLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Phyllomyiasfasciatusbrevirostris (Spix). SHORT-BILLED TYRANNULET. Platyrhynchus brevirostris SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 13, pi. 15, fig. 2, 1825 — Rio de Janeiro (type lost, formerly in Munich Museum)*. Musdpeta asilus WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 894, 1831 — Cabo Frio and Rio de Janeiro. PTiyllomyias brevirostris CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 57, 1859 — Brazil; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 105, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Registo do Sai, and Sapitiba (Rio), Ypanema and Sao Luiz, Sao Paulo (spec, examined); idem, Nunq. otios., 2, p. 292, 1874 — Novo Friburgo; CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 98, 1874 — Cantagallo; BERLEPSCH and IHERING, Zeits. ges. Orn., 2, p. 131, 1885 — Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 121, 1888 — Brazil; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 231, 1889 (note on Wied's types); BOUCARD and BERLEPSCH, The Humming Bird, 2, p. 44, 1892 — Porto Real, Rio; IHERING, Annuario Est. Rio Grande do Sul, 16, p. 126, 1899 — Taquara; idem, Rev. Mus., Paul., 3, p. 190, 1899 — Iguape^ Sao Paulo (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo and Novo Friburgo; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 646, 1906 (crit.) ; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 278, 1907 — Iguape1, Jaboticabal, Tiete", Barretos, Ubatuba, Jundiahy, Alto da Serra, Bauru (Sao Paulo), Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro), Marianna and Itatiaya (Minas Geraes); LUDER- WALDT, Zool. Jahrb., (Syst.), 27, p. 354, 1909 — Itatiaya; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; DABBENE, El Hornero, i, P- 97i 1918 — Iguazii, Misiones. Phyllomyia brevirostris REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 347 — Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes (spec, in Copenhagen Museum examined). Phyllomyias incanescens (not of WIED) IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 271, 1902 — Jaboticabal and Jundiahy, Sao Paulo (spec, from Jundiahy examined). Phyllomyias brevirostris brevirostris HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 43, 1908 (range); idem, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 135, 1912 — Victoria, Espirito Santo (crit.). Range: Wooded region of southern Brazil, from Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Geraes south to Rio Grande do Sul; Para- guay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones) b. i: Brazil (Therezopolis, Rio i). • Spix's diagnosis and plate being barely recognizable, it would perhaps be better to give preference to Musdpeta asilus WIED, accompanied by an excellent description. b I am quite unable to perceive any geographic variation in a large series from the forests of Brazil, from Espirito Santo down to Rio Grande do Sul. Specimens in worn breeding plumage become very pale and closely resemble the northern form fasdatus to which Ihering had actually referred individuals from Jundiahy and Ilha Grande. Two birds from Itatiaya are deeper yellow underneath than any other specimen exam- ined. It is quite possible that the inhabitants of the interior districts of Sap Paulo whence I have no material for comparison are more properly referable to virescens. Material examined. — Espirito Santo: Victoria 2. Rio de Janeiro: Ilha Grande Rio i, Sapitiba i, Registo do Sai i, Therezopolis i. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 8, Sao Luiz i, Piquete i, Ubatuba i, Sao Sebastiao 2, Iguap^ 4, Jundiahy i. Minas Geraes: Lagoa Santa i, Itatiaya 2. Parana: Morretes, Serra do Mar i. Santa Catharina: Blumenau i. Rio Grande do Sul: Taquara i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 465 Phyllomyias fasciatus virescens (Allen)*. ALLEN'S TYRANNULET. Sublegatus virescens ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 149, 1889 — Chapada, Matto Grosso (type examined) ; idem, I.e., 4, p. 337, 1892 — Chapada. Phyllomyias brevirostris virescens HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 42, 1908 — Goyaz (crit.). Range: Interior of Brazil, in states of Goyaz (Goyaz City, Jar- agua) and Matto Grosso (Chapada). *Phyllomyias fasciatus fasciatus (Thunberg)b. WIED'S TYRANNULET. Pipra fasciata THUNBERG, Me"m. Ac. Imp. Sci. St. Pe'tersb., 8, p. 285, 1822 — Brazil (type in Upsala Museum examined)8. Muscipeta incanescens WIED, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3 (2), p. 898, 1831 — Bahia; LAWRENCE, Ibis, 1876, p. 497 (crit.). Phyllomyias lividus (TEMMINCK MS.) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 176, 1868 — Brazil = Bahia (type in Vienna Museum examined). Phyllomyias berlepschi SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1887, p. 49 — Bahia; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 123, 1888 — Bahia. Phyllomyias incanescens ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 147, 1889 (crit. note on Wied's types); BERLEPSCH and LEVERKUHN, Ornis, 6, p. 15, 1890 (crit.) ; BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 24, 1905 (synon.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 279, 1907 — Bahia; REISER, Denks. math, naturw. Kl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 76, p. 73, 1910 — Pao de Canoa, Rio Preto, Bahia, and Paranagua, Piauhy; idem, I.e., p. 159, 1925 — same localities (spec, ex- amined). Phyllomyias brevirostris incanescens HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 43, 1908 — Bahia. • Phyllomyias fasciatus virescens (ALLEN) : Very near P. /, fasciatus, but crown paler, ashy gray rather than blackish; back more greenish; posterior under parts brighter and more uniform yellow. Wing (three males) 57-58^; tail 52-53; bill 8tf. The validity of this race requires corroboration by a larger series. Material examined. — Goyaz: Goyaz City i, Jaragua i; Chapada, Matto Grosso (the type) i. b Phyllomyias fasciatus fasciatus (THUNBERG) : Much smaller than P. f. breviros- tris and much paler; the back being light grayish, tinged with olive; the crown gray, with dusky centers to the feathers; the wing-markings more whitish; the throat more extensively white; the breast and abdomen decidedly paler yellow, the chest underlaid with grayish. Wing 51-58; tail 45-50; bill 8-9. Birds from Piauhy and Maranhao agree well with a series of Bahia trade skins. An adult male from the Rio Preto, northwestern Bahia, while identical in coloration, approaches cearae in size. Material examined. — Bahia: trade skins n, Pao de Canoa, Rio Preto i; Par- nagua, Piauhy i; Maranhao 2; "Brazil" (type of Pipra fasciata) i. 0 The type, an adult bird in excellent condition, is perfectly identical with the original example of Phyllomyias lividus PELZELN, from Bahia. Its measurements are as follows: wing 58, tail 48; bill 8>£. It had been forwarded to the British Museum and, as recorded by Lonnberg (Ibis, 1903, p. 241), was identified by the late Charles Chubb, whose label it still bears, with Sublegatus platyrhynchus = S. modestus, an unconceivable mistake which I hasten to correct. I am much indebted to Dr. Lonnberg for the opportunity of examining this important specimen. 466 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Eastern Brazil, in states of Bahia, Piauhy, and Maranhao. 2: Maranhao (Cod6, Cocos i; Alto Parnahyba i). *Phyllomyias fasciatus cearae subsp. nov.» CEAR£ TYRANNULET. Range: Northeastern Brazil, in State of Ceara (Serra Baturit^). 5: Ceara (Serra Baturit^ 5). Phyllomyias griseocapilla Sclaterb. GRAY-CAPPED TYRANNULET. Phyllomyias griseocapilla (LAFRESNAYE MS.) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1861, p. 382, pi. 36, fig. 2 — Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (type examined); CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 22, p. 88, 1874 — Cantagallo (spec, examined) ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 122, 1888 — Brazil; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 4, p. 155, 1900 — Cantagallo; idem, I.e., 6, p. 350, 1905 — Iguape", Sao Paulo; idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 278, 1907 — Iguape" and Ubatuba, Sao Paulo (spec, ex- amined); HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 136, 1912 — Braco do Sul, near Victoria, Espirito Santo (crit.). Range : Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, in states of Espirito Santo (Victoria), Rio de Janeiro (Colonia Alpina, Serra dos Orgaos), and Sao Paulo (Iguape*, Ubatuba). Phyllomyias griseiceps (Sclater and Salvin). GRAY-HEADED TYRAN- NULET. Tyranniscus griseiceps SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., "1870," p. 841, 843, publ. 1871 — Babahoyo (type) and Pallatanga, Ecuador, and Lake of Valencia, Venezuela; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Bartica Grove and Roraima, Brit. Guiana (spec, examined); BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 136, 1898 — • Phyllomyias fasciatus cearae subsp. nov. Type from Serra Baturit6, Ceara, in Field Museum of Natural History, No. 50534. Male. July 17, 1913- R- H. Becker. Adult: Similar to P. fasciatus brevirostris, but upper parts much duller and less yellowish, varying from olive citrine to buffy olive (instead of being between citrine and dark citrine) ; pileum darker, the feathers being centered with dusky, and forehead tinged with ashy; ventral surface decidedly paler, primrose rather than pinard yellow, with the entire throat whitish. Not unlike P. f. fasciatus in coloration of pileum, but larger; back and rump much greener and under parts much deeper yellow. Wing (male) 61-62, (female) 56-57; tail (male) 54-57, (female) 49-51; bill 7-8. Remarks. — While to a certain extent intermediate, this new form appears more nearly related to the geographically distant P. f. brevirostris than to P. f. fasciatus of the neighboring districts. So far, it is only known from the Serra of Baturit6 in the State of Ceara. b This species is well characterized by the dark grayish brown cap (abruptly denned against the olive green back), the large white loral spot, and the grayish white throat and middle line of the belly, abruptly contrasting with the light greenish yellow sides. Material examined. — Victoria, Espirito Santo i ; Rio de Janeiro 4, Colonia Alpina, Serra dos Orgaos i; Iguape" i, Ubatuba, Sao Paulo i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 467 "Santa Marta"; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148,^1900 — Minca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 134, 1888 — Pallatanga, Babahoyo, Bucaramanga, Maruria, Bartica Grove, Roraima. Phyllomyias cristatus BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 250, 300, 1884 — Bucara- manga (type examined). Phyllomyias griseiceps caucae CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, p. 645, 1915 — Miraflores, east of Palmira, Central Andes, Cauca, Colombia; idem, I.e., 36, p. 451, 1917 — same locality. Tyranniscus sp. SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 216, 1862 — Pallatanga, Babahoyo; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1869, p. 252 — Maruria, Lake of Valencia (spec, examined). Sublegatus incanescens (not of WIED) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1880, p. 124 — Minca (spec, examined). Phyllomyias griseiceps BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 554 — Chimbo (spec, examined) ; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 7, 1899 — Zamora, Ecuador (spec, examined) ; BER- LEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 5, 1905 — Minca (crit.) ; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g6ogr. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 654, 1911 — "Quito"; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 78, 1912 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo (crit.); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 176, 1921 — Mount Roraima and Bartica. Phyllomyias griseiceps griseiceps CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 450, 1917 — Cunday, Bogotd region; Tobo and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 367, 1922 — La Tigrera, Santa Marta region. Range: Tropical and Subtropical Zone of Ecuador, Colombia, northwestern Venezuela (Maruria, Lake of Valencia), and (?) British Guiana8. Genus TYRANNISCUS Cabanis and Heineb. Tyranniscus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 57, 1859 — type Tyrannulus nigricapillus LAFRESNAYE. » While this species is probably divisible into two or more geographic races, the material examined in the present connection does not allow satisfactory definition of their characters. Two birds from Chimbo (practically topptypes of griseiceps) and one from Zamora, have the crown nearly uniform blackish and the vertical feathers but slightly elongated, while Colombian specimens are conspicuous by their full crest, the feathers being dark brown, distinctly edged with olive gray. If sep- arable, their proper name would be P. griseiceps cristatus. I notice, however, that certain Bogota skins are hardly distinguishable from those of Ecuador. I do not think it possible to maintain caucae, based on two specimens from the Central Andes. I find much variation in coloration and size among Bogotd skins, the length of the wing ranging from 50 to 57. A single male each from Santa Marta (Minca) and Venezuela agree fairly with the average from Bogota. On the other hand, two exam- ples (both females) from British Guiana are perceptibly smaller, the bill particularly so, and very likely constitute a separable race. Material examined. — Ecuador: Chimbo 2, Zamora i. Colombia; Bucaramanga (type of P. cristatus) i; Bogotd 17; Miraflores i; Minca, Santa Marta i. Venezuela: Maruria, Lake of Valencia i, Las Quiguas i. British Guiana: Roraima i, Bartica Grove i. b This genus appears to be hardly separable from Phyllomyias, the only absolutely constant character being the yellow edges to the upper wing-coverts. 468 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Tyranniscus nigrocapillus nigrocapillus (Lafresnaye). BLACK-CAPPED TYRANNULET. Tyrannulus nigro-capillus LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 8, p. 341, 1845 — Bogota. Tyrannulus nigricapillus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — Bogota; idem, I.e., 28, p. 93, 1860 — Puellaro, Ecuador. Tyranniscus nigricapillus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 57, 1859 — New Granada; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 842 — Bogota and Puellaro; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 512 — Santa Elena, Antioquia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 536 — Pumamarca, Peru; idem, I.e., 1880, p. 203 — Cutervo, Peru; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 257, 1884 — Pumamarca and Cutervo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 131, 1888 — part, spec, c-h, Bogota, Santa Elena, San Lucas and Puellaro; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — part, Pichincha (spec, ex- amined). Tyranniscus nigricapillus nigricapillus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 453, 1917 — Andes west of Popayan, Almaguer, Salento, and Santa Elena, Colombia. Range: Subtropical and Temperate Zone of the Andes of Colombia (except Santa Marta range), Ecuador, and Peru (south to Junin)a. i: Peru (Molinopampa i). *Tyranniscus nigrocapillus flavimentum Chapman*. YELLOW-CHINNED TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus nigrocapillus flavimentum CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31, p. 154, 1912 — San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Colombia; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 371, 1922 — San Lorenzo, San Miguel, Cerro de Caracas, and Heights of Chirua. Tyranniscus nigricapillus (not of LAFRESNAYE) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1875, p. 234 — Sierra Nevada of Me'rida; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 131, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, Me'rida; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 98, 1899 — La Concepcion and Chirua; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — El Libano and San Lorenzo. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Colombia (Santa Marta Mountains) and western Venezuela (Sierra of Me'rida). 4: Venezuela, Sierra of Me'rida (Valle i, Escorial 2, Nevados i). • I am not quite certain that specimens from Ecuador and Peru are absolutely identical with the typical Colombian bird. The few skins examined appear to be rather blacker about the head and more whitish on the upper throat. Material examined. — Colombia: "Bogota" 14. Ecuador: Pichincha i. Peru: Cutervo i, Molinopampa i. b Tyranniscus nigrocapillus flavimentum CHAPMAN: Differs from T. n. nigrocapil- lus by deep yellow (instead of whitish) frontal edge and supraloral streak; much deeper yellow under parts, without any white on the chin; honey yellow instead of colonial buff edges to the secondaries. Material examined. — Colombia: El Libano i. Venezuela: Sierra of Me'rida (various localities between 2000 and 3000 metr. alt.)~8. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 469 *Tyranniscus uropygialis (Lawrence)*- TAWNY-RUMPED TYRANNULET. Mecocerculus uropygialis LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 266, 1870 — "supposed to be Ecuador"; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 28, 1888 — Ecuador; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 141, 1889 — Bogotd (crit.); MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"ogr. Mes. Arc Me"rid. Equat., 9, p. 849, 1911 — Chorillos and Quito, Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 453, 1917 — Choachi, near Bogota. Tyranniscus uropygialis BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 296 — Cechce and Cerro Margarita, Ecuador (crit.); BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 489, 1907 (crit.); BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Tabaconas, Peru; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 53, 1920 — Ollachea, Sierra of Carabaya, Peru (crit.). Tyranniscus nigricapittus (not of LAFRESNAYE) GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — part, Pichincha and Coraz6n (spec, examined). Range: Subtropical and Temperate Zone of Colombia (Bogota region), Ecuador, Peru, and western Bolivia (Cocapata and Songo, Yungas of La Paz) b. i : Peru (Huanuco Mts., 10,500 ft. alt., i). Tyranniscus cinereiceps (Sdater)e. ASHY-HEADED TYRANNULET. Tyrannulus cinereiceps SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 69, 1860 — Pallatanga, Ecuador; idem, I.e., p. 283, 1860 — Babahoyo. Tyranniscus cinereiceps SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 216, 1862 — Palla- tanga; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 842, pi. 53, fig. 2 — • Tyranniscus uropygialis (LAWRENCE): In form nearly agreeing with T. nigro- capillus, but back light sepia (instead of olive green), passing into tawny olive on rump and tail-coverts; wing bands cinnamon buffy instead of pale yellowish; cheeks and auriculars grayish, streaked with white (instead of yellow, freckled with olive); throat grayish white; belly very much paler yellowish, etc. Wing (male) 62-65, (female) 58-61; tail 47-54. b Birds from Bolivia and Peru do not appear to be separable from those of Ecua- dor and a series of Bogota skins. There is much individual variation in the intensity of the wing bands and under parts. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 8. Ecuador: "Quito" 2, Coraz6n i, Milligalli i, Mindo i, west side of Pichincha i, Cerro Margarita i. Peru: Huanuco Mts. i, Surco, Dept. Lima (Feb. 9, 1900, P. O. Simons, British Museum) i, Ollachea, Carabaya i. Bolivia: Cocapata i, Songo i. 0 Tyranniscus cinereiceps (SCLATER) is not unlike Oreotriccus plumbeiceps (LAW- RENCE), but in addition to its much shorter tail, it may be distinguished by the large black semi-lunar auricular patch, bright yellow (instead of whitish) throat, and by having the larger upper wing-coverts broadly tipped with pale yellow, so as to pro- duce two conspicuous cross-bands. Some specimens are much paler below, but do not differ otherwise. In immature plumage the rump is slightly washed with tawny olive. Bogota skins and one male from Machay are slightly larger than two others from Intac (wing 60-63, against 56-57^; tail 44-46, against 43). No Peruvian material seen. Material examined. — Ecuador: Intac 2, Machay i. Colombia: Bogotd 4. 470 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pallatanga and Bogota; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 536 — Ropaybamba; idem, Orn. Per., 2, p. 258, 1884 — Ropaybamba; TACZANOWSKI and BER- LEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 90 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 131, pi. n, fig. i, 1888 — Pallatanga, Bogota; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, iQor, p. 704 — Intac, Ecuador (spec, examined); CHAP- MAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 454, 1917 — below Salento, above Salento, Santa Elena, El Eden, Colombia (crit.); idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 94, 1921 — Idma and San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba; LONN- BERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — Niebli, Ecuador. Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (Central and Eastern Andes), Ecuador, and Peru (depts. Junin and Cuzco). *Tyranniscus vilissimus vilissimus (Sclater and Salvin). PALTRY TYRANNULET. Elainia vilissima SCLATER and SALVIN, Ibis, i, p. 122, pi. 4, fig. i, 1859 — Coban, Vera Paz, Guatemala. Tyranniscus vilissimus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 132, 1888 — Coban, Vera Paz, Calderas, Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 33, 1888 — Guatemala and Honduras (San Pedro). Tyranniscus vilissimus vilissimus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 408, 1907 — Guatemala and Honduras (monog.). Range: Guatemala and Honduras (San Pedro). i: Guatemala (Coban, Vera Paz i). ^Tyranniscus vilissimus parvus Lawrence. LESSER PALTRY TYRAN- NULET. Tyranniscus parvus LAWRENCE, Ibis, 4, p. 12, 1862 — Isthmus of Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 132, 1888 — Costa Rica, Veragua, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 33, 1888 — Costa Rica to Panama; RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 505, 1893 — Greytown and Rio Escon- dido, Nicaragua; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 36, 1902 — Boquete, Panama; idem, Auk, 24, p. 301, 1907 — Boruca, Paso Real, and Pozo del Rio Grande, Costa Rica. Tyranniscus vilissimus parvus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 408, 1907 — Nicaragua to Panama (monog., full bibliography); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 722, 1910 — Costa Rica (habits); FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo and Coliblanco, Costa Rica; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 217, 1922 — Mt. Sapo, Darien. Range: Nicaragua (Greytown, Rio Escondido, Rio Grande), south through Costa Rica to eastern Panama (Darien). 12: Costa Rica (Coliblanco 3, Guayabo 2, Boruca 4, El General i, Limon i); Panama (Lion Hill i). 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 471 *Tyranniscus vilissimus improbus Sclater and Salvin*. MOUNTAIN TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus improbus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., " 1870," p. 841, pi. 55, fig. 3, 1871 — Andes of Me'rida, Venezuela (type), and "Ocana," Colombia; WYATT, Ibis, 1871, p. 333 — "Naranjo or somewhere between Ocana and Bucaramanga"; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 133, 1888 — "Me'rida" and "near Ocana"; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 372, 1922 — Cincinnati and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Ochthoeca olivacea ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 152, 1900 — Val- paraiso, Santa Marta region (type examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 20, p. 242, 1913 (crit.). Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Colombia (Santa Marta Mountains and Andes of Santander) and western Venezuela (Sierra of Me'rida). 5 : Colombia (Paramo de Tama 4) ; Venezuela (Paramo de Tama i). Tyranniscus vilissimus petersi Berlepsch*. PETERS'S TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus petersi BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 359, 1907 — Antimano, near Caracas, Venezuela (type examined) ; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 79, 1912 — Las Quiguas and San Esteban, Carabobo. Range: North coast mountains of Venezuela, in Dept. Federal Occidental (Galipan, Cerro del Avila; Antimano, near Caracas; Silla de Caracas; Loma Redonda) and State of Carabobo (Las Quiguas, San Esteban). Tyranniscus bolivianus bolivianus (D'Orbigny). BOLIVIAN TYRAN- NULET. Muscicapa olivacea (not of VIEILLOTO) LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 54, 1837 — Yungas of Bolivia (types in Paris Museum examined). B Tyranniscus vilissimus improbus SCLATER and SALVIN is much larger than T. v. parvus, attaining or even exceeding, as it does, the proportions of T. v. vilissimus, and may be distinguished from either by dusky olive crown, pale yellowish throat, and wholly yellow abdomen, while the Central American forms have only the flanks and crissum light greenish yellow. Material examined. — Colombia: Valparaiso i. Paramo de Tama 5. Venezuela, Sierra of Me'rida: El Valle 7, El Escorial 4, Conejos i, unspecified 4. b Tyranniscus vilissimus petersi BERLEPSCH: Nearly related to T. v. improbus, but crown dark slate gray; loral spot and auricular patch deep black, consequently more conspicuous; no white frontal edge; back somewhat darker; under parts much paler, the throat nearly white. Wing (male) 58-62, (female) 54-56; tail 51^-56, (female) 43-48. Material examined. — Antimano (the type) i, "Caracas" 2, Galipan, Cerro del Avila 10, Silla de Caracas i, Loma Redonda, north of Caracas 3; Las Quiguas, upper San Esteban Valley, Carabobo 8. °Tabl. enc. m6th., Orn., 2, livr. 91, p. 817, 1922 — based on Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina, i, pi. 54, Carolina. 472 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Muscicapara boliviano. D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame'r. me'rid., Ois., p. 328, 1839 — new name for Muscicapa olivacea LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, preoccupied. Tyranniscus viridissimus (not of SCLATER) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 614 — Tilotilo, Bolivia. Tyranniscus bolivianus SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 134, 1888 — part, spec, c-e, Tilotilo; HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 53, 1920 — Chuhuasi, Sierra of Carabaya; idem, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 186, 1925 — Yungas (note on types). Range: Western Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz) and extreme south- eastern Peru (Sierra of Carabaya) a. Tyranniscus bolivianus viridissimus Sclaterb. WHITELY'S TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus viridissimus SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond. for Dec. 1873, p. 780, 782, 1874 — Cosnipata (type) and Guadalupe, Dept. Cuzco; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. P6r., 2, p. 260, 1884 — same localities. Tyranniscus gracilipes (not of SCLATER and SALVIN 1867) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, p. 185 — Guadalupe, Dept. Cuzco. Tyranniscus bolivianus (not of D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 134, 1888 — part, spec, a, b, Cosnipata and Guadalupe; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Omis, 13, p. 86, 1906 — Idma, above Santa Ana. Tyranniscus bolivianus viridissimus CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 94, 1921 — Idma, Urubamba Valley. Range: Southeastern Peru, in Dept. Cuzco (Urubamba Valley). ^Tyranniscus chrysops chrysops (Sclater). GOLDEN-FACED TYRANNU- LET. Tyrannulus chrysops SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 458, 1858 — Gualaquiza and Zamora, eastern Ecuador; idem, I.e., 27, p. 144, 1859 — Pallatanga. Tyranniscus flavifrons CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 58, 1859 — New Granada = Bogota. Tyrannulus flavidifrons SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 69, 1860 — Pallatanga, western Ecuador. Tyranniscus flavidifrons SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 216, 1862 — Palla- tanga and Bogota. Tyranniscus chrysops SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 216, 1862 — part, spec, a-c, e, Zamora, Gualaquiza, Pallatanga, Bogota; SCLATER and SALVIN, • Material examined. — Bolivia, Yungas of La Paz: Yungas (types) 2, Chaco 17, Omeja i, Sandillani i, Songo 4. Peru: Chuhuasi i. b Tyranniscus bolivianus viridissimus SCLATER: According to F. M. Chapman (I.e.) "easily distinguished from T. b. bolivianus by its much yellower coloration, particularly of the under parts." I am rather doubtful as to the validity of this race since the single specimen from Idma examined is much like some of the Bolivian birds. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 473 P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 842 — Ecuador, Bogota, Sierra of Ocana; WYATT, Ibis, P- 333 — Herradura, Pirico, and Naranjo, Santander; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1875, p. 234 — Sierra Nevada of Me'rida; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 513 — Retire, Concordia, and Santa Elena, Colombia; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Huambo and Chirimoto, Peru; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 259, 1884 — Huambo, Chirimoto, Ray-Urmana, Peru; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 301, 1884 — Bucaramanga; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, P- 555 — Chimbo; idem, I.e., 1884, p. 296 — Cayandeled; idem, I.e., 1885, p. 90 — Mapoto; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 135, 1888 — part, spec, a-p, s, Chirimoto, Gualaquiza, Zamora, Pallatanga, Sarayacu, "Jima," "Pasto," Concordia, Bogota, Me'rida; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — part, Chimbo; SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 8, 1899 — part, spec, a, Rio Zamora. Tyranniscus chrysops chrysops CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 454, 1917 — Los Cisneros, Puerto Valdivia, Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Gallera, Ricaurte, Rio Frio, La Sierra, Miraflores, Santa Elena, near San Agustin, La Palma, Fusugasuga, Aguadita, Honda, Buenavista, and Villavicencio, Colom- bia. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern Peru (depts. Amazonas and Loreto), Ecuador (eastern slope, and west of the Andes as far north as the Chimbo Valley and Pallatanga), Colombia (except Santa Marta region), and western Venezuela (Andes of Tachira and Me'rida)1*. 4: Peru (Poco Tambo, southeast of Chachapoyas i); Colombia (La Sierra, Central Andes, Cauca 2); Venezuela (Colon, Tachira i). Tyranniscus chrysops albigularis Chapman*. WHITE-THROATED TY- RANNULET. Tyranniscus chrysops albigularis CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 138, p. i, 1924 — Esmeraldas, northwestern Ecuador. Tyrannulus chrysops (not of SCLATER 1858) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 93, 1860 — Nanegal. Tyranniscus chrysops SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 216, 1862 — part, spec, d, Nanegal; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — part, Paramba, Prov. a Specimens from the Eastern Andes of Colombia (Bogota, Bucaramanga) and western Venezuela (Tachira and Me'rida) agree in size and coloration with two topo- types from Zamora. Two from the Central Andes (La Sierra) and two others from western Ecuador (Pallatanga and Cayandeled) average slightly larger and have the frontlet rather brighter yellow, but the variation is too slight to warrant the recogni- tion of a separate race flavidifrons. Five skins from San Pablo, Prov. Tuqueres, in color, closely approach albigularis. Four Peruvian examples (Huambo 2, Huaya- bamba i, Poco Tambo i) again differ from all the rest by the broader as well as deeper yellow frontlet and superciliary streak. More satisfactory material is required to establish any possible local races. b Tyranniscus chrysops albigularis CHAPMAN: Very close to T. c. chrysops, but yellow markings on the head paler; under parts less yellowish, the throat almost white, the breast more purely gray. Material examined. — Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas 6; Santo Domingo 5, Guana - cillo 5, Gualea 4, Rio Peripa i, Intac 2, Nono i. 474 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Esmeraldas; SALVADOR i and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 8, 1899 — part, spec, b-d, Gualea and Rio Peripa; GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — Gualea, Intac, and Nono; MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. ge"ogr. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 654, 1911 — Santo Domingo; L6NNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 74, 1922 — road to Gualea and road to Nanegal. Tyranniscus parvus (not of LAWRENCE) GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — Santo Domingo and Guanacillo (spec, examined). Range : Tropical Zone of western Ecuador, from Esmeraldas south to Province of Guayas (Naranjo). Tyranniscus chrysops minimus Chapman*. LESSER GOLDEN-FACED TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus chrysops minimus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31, p. 153, 1912 — Minca, Santa Marta district; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 371, 1922 — La Concepcion, San Francisco, Minca, Don Diego, Pueblo Viejo, and Chirua (crit.). Tyranniscus chrysops (not of SCLATER) SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, 1880, p. 124 — Minca; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 135, 1888 — part, spec, q, r, Minca, Sierra of Santa Marta; BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 175, 1898 — Palomina; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — Minca. Tyranniscus chrysops chrysops CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 191, p. 9, 1925 — Cuchivano and San Antonio, Bermudez. Range: Tropical Zone of northern Colombia (Santa Marta region) and northeastern Venezuela (State of Bermudez). ^Tyranniscus viridiflavus (Tschudi)b. TSCHUDI'S TYRANNULET. Elaenia viridiflava TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 274, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 160, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1846 — " coast region of Peru," errore (type in Neuchatel Museum examined). • Tyranniscus chrysops minimus CHAPMAN: Exactly like T. c. chrysops, as far as color is concerned, but somewhat smaller. Wing (male) 50-53, (female) 45K-47I tail 44-46^, (female) 38^-40; bill 8. Three specimens from Bermudez agree with two Santa Marta birds in size, but average slightly paler green above and more yellowish on the abdomen. The wing measures in the males 50^2, resp. 52, in the female 45 ^4, and if size is made the cri- terion for the separation of minimus, they have to be placed with this form, and not with chrysops. Material examined. — Colombia: Minca i, Santa Marta i. Venezuela, Bermu- dez: Los Palmales i, Quebrada Secca i, La Tigrera i. b Tyranniscus viridiflavus (TSCHUDI) : Nearly allied to, and probably conspecific with, T. chrysops, but crown more slaty; frontal edge and superciliaries much paler, light chalcedony yellow instead of bright citron yellow; back brighter green; under parts barium yellow instead of pale grayish. Wing 54-60, (female) 52-53; tail 46-52, (female) 41-44; bill 9. Material examined. — Peru: unspecified (the type) i; Garita del Sol, Vitoc i; San Emilio, Vitoc i; Pozuzo, Huanuco i; Vista Alegre, Huanuco 7. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 475 Tyranniscus frontalis BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ibis, (6) 6, p. 390, 1894 — Garita del Sol and San Emilio, Vitoc, Dept. Junin (type examined) ; idem, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 363, pi. 14 — same localities. Tyranniscus viridiflavus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, p. 536 — Paltay- pampa and Amable Maria; idem, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 261, 1884 — same localities; BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. u, 1905 (crit., range). Range: Tropical Zone of central Peru, in depts. Hudnuco (Vista Alegre, Pozuzo) and Junin (Paltaypampa, Amable Maria, San Emilio, Garita del Sol). 7: Peru (Vista Alegre, Dept. Hudnuco 7). Tyranniscus gracilipes gracilipes Sclater and Salvin*. SLENDER-FOOTED TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus gracilipes SCLATER and SALVIN. P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 981 — Pebas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1870, p. 843 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 279 — Chamicuros and Pebas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1879, p. 614 — Simacu, Bolivia; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Per., 2, p. 260, 1884 — Pebas and Chamicuros; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Roraima, British Guiana (spec, examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 133, pi. ii, fig. 2, 1888 — part, spec, a-j, 1, Simacu, Pebas, "Venezuela," Roraima, Rio Negro; BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 43, 1902 — Maipures, Rio Orinoco (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, I.e., 17, p. 293, 1910 — S. Isabel, Rio Preto, and Maroins, Rio Machados (crit.); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 228, 1916 — Maipures, Rio Orinoco; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 183, 1921 — Mount Roraima. Myiopatis pusilla ? (not of CABANIS and HEINE) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, Marabitanas, Rio Icanna, and Barcellos, Rio Negro (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Range : Eastern Peru (Pebas, Chamicuros) ; northern Brazil (upper Rio Madeira and Rio Negro); northern Bolivia (Salinas, Rio Beni); southern Venezuela (Maipures, Rio Orinoco) ; British Guiana (Roraima). Tyranniscus gracilipes cinereicapillus (Cabanis)*. ASHY-CAPPED TY- RANNULET. • Tyranniscus gracilipes SCLATER and SALVIN: Superficially resembling T. acer, but without trace of white frontal edge; auriculars greenish olive instead of grayish brown; malar region and cheeks yellowish instead of white; throat but slightly paler yellow (not at all white) than the belly; chest bright olive yellow, not grayish white, flammulated with yellowish; size on average smaller. Birds from different countries show slight variations, but before a good series of fresh skins from the type locality becomes available, it would be hazardous to attempt any subdivision of the species. An adult bird from Salinas, Bolivia is much deeper yellow underneath than a number of skins from the Rio Madeira, while specimens from Roraima and the Rio Negro differ again by duller greenish back and slenderer bill. Material examined. — Brazil, Rio Negro: Barcellos i, Marabitanas i, Rio Iganna i. Rio Madeira: S. Isabel, Rio Preto 2, Maroins, Rio Machados i. Bolivia: Salinas, Beni i. Venezuela: Maipures, Rio Orinoco i. British Guiana: Roraima 4. b Tyranniscus gracilipes cinereicapillus (CABANIS): Closely similar to T. g. gracilipes, but mandible dark reddish instead of blackish; slaty cap extended over 476 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Phyllomyias cinereicapilla CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 21, p. 67, 1873 — Monterico, Dept. Ayacucho, Peru (type in Warsaw Museum examined). Phyllomyias cinereocapilla TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lend., 1874, P- 53^ — Mon- terico; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 251, 1884 — Monterico. Range : Tropical Zone of central Peru in depts. Junin (Chancha- mayo) and Ayacucho (Monterico). *Tyranniscus acer Salvin and Godman. GUIANA TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus acer SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (5) i, p. 206, 1883 — Bartica Grove and Camacusa, British Guiana (types examined); SALVIN, I.e., 1885, p. 294 — Bartica, Camacusa, Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 133, 1888 — same localities; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 23, 89, 1912 — Peixe-Boi, Para (crit.); BEEBE, Zoologica (N. Y.), 2, p. 89, 1916 — Para; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 183, 1921 — Bartica, Anarica River, Roraima, Camacusa. Myiopatis pusilla ? (not of CABANIS and HEINE) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, Barra do Rio Negro = Manaos (spec, examined). Tyranniscus gracilipes (not of SCLATER and SALVIN) LA YARD, Ibis, 1873, p. 382 — Para; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 133, 1888 — part, spec, k, m, Oyapoc, Para; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 117, 1904 — Mahury, French Guiana; BERLEPSCH, Nov. Zool., 15, p. 135, 318, 1908 — Oyapoc and Mahury, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 527, 1908 — Arum- atheua, Rio Tocantins; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 412, 1914 — Pard, Mosqueiro, Providencia, Peixe-Boi, Rio Guama (Sao Miguel), Rio Tocantins (Cameta, Baiao, Arumatheua), Maraj6 (Santa Ana), and Rio Jamundd (Faro) ; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 76, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; northern Brazil (on the north bank from Maraj6 west to Manaos; south of the Amazon, from the Tocantins east to western Maranhao)". 2: Brazil, Maranhao (Tury-assu i, Cod6, Cocos i). the nape; throat suffused with white; size apparently somewhat larger. Wing (female) 52, 53; tail 44>£, 45K; bill 8}4, 9. In addition to the type, I have examined a second female secured by C. O. Schunke in May, 1904, at Chanchamayo, in collection of Tring Museum. It agrees in every particular, except that the type, owing to its having originally been preserved in alcohol, is paler throughout. The validity of this race requires corroboration by a series, and it is not impossible that cinereicapillus, on direct comparison, might prove to be the same as T. gracilipes (type from Pebas), in which case the eastern form would have to be rebaptized. a Specimens from Brazil appear to agree with the Guianan ones and certainly belong to T. acer and not to 7". gracilipes. Material examined. — British Guiana: Bartica Grove 3, Rio Carimang i, Ouru- mee i. French Guiana: Mahury i. Dutch Guiana: near Paramaribo 3. Brazil: Manaos i, Para i, Peixe-Boi, Para i; Miritiba i, Tury-assu i, Cod6, Cocos, Maran- hao i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 477 Genus OREOTRICCUS Richmond*. Oreomyias (not of REICHENOW 1902) BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 491, 1907 — type by orig. desig. Pogonotriccus plumbeiceps LAWRENCE. Oreotriccus RICHMOND, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, p. 180, 1915 — new name for Oreomyias BERLEPSCH, preoccupied. *Oreotriccus plumbeiceps (Lawrence). PLUMBEOUS-CROWNED TYRAN- NULET. Pogonotriccus plumbeiceps LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 267, 1869 — Bogota; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 99, 1888 — part, spec, a, Bogota. Tyranniscus plumbeiceps TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 90 — Machay, Ecuador (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, I.e., 1896, p. 363 — La Gloria and Garita del Sol, Peru (spec, examined). Oreomyias plumbeiceps BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 491, 1907 (crit.). Oreotriccus plumbeiceps CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 446, 1917 — Las Lomitas, San Antonio, Gallera (Western Andes), Miraflores, Salento, La Candela (Central Andes), Colombia; idem, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 92, 1921 — Idma, above Santa Ana, Urubamba Valley, Peru. Range: Tropical and Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta range), Ecuador (Machay), and Peru, south to depts. Junin (Chanchamayo and Vitoc valleys) and Cuzco (Idma, Urubamba Val- ley)1'. 2: Peru (Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco 2). Genus TYRANNULUS Vieillot. Tyrannulus VIEILLOT, Analyse nouv. Orn. £!<§m., p. 31, 1816 — type by monotypy "Roitelet-M£sange" BUFFON = Sylvia elata LATHAM. *Tyrannulus elatus elatus (Latham). YELLOW-CROWNED TYRANNULET. Sylvia elata LATHAM, Ind. Orn., 2, p. 549, 1790 — based on Daubenton, PI. enl. 708, fig. 2, Cayenne. Tyrannulus reguloid.es RIDGWAY, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 10, p. 521, Aug. 1888 — Diamantina, near Santarem (type examined); RIKER and CHAPMAN, Auk, 7, p. 270, 1890 — Diamantina (crit.). • Oreotriccus RICHMOND is nearly related to Tyranniscus, but differs by more roundish nostrils and proportionately much longer tail (equal to, or very little shorter than the wing). b Peruvian specimens generally have the throat more extensively whitish and^the yellow wing markings rather more conspicuous than those from Colombia^and Ecuador. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 6, Las Cruces [ = San Antonio], Western Andes i. Ecuador: Machay i. Peru: Huachipa, Dept. Hudnuco 2; Garita^del Sol, Vitoc, Dept. Junin i; La Gloria, Chanchamayo, Dept. Junin i. 478 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Pipra elata SPIX, Av. Bras., 2, p. 7, pi. 8a, fig. 2, 1825 — Para. Tyrannulus elatus VIEILLOT et OUDART, Galerie Ois., i (2), p. 93, pi. 71, 1823 — Guiana; CABANIS in SCHOMBURGK, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 3, p. 702, 1848 — Cayenne and Brazil; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 23, p. 150, 1855 — Bogota; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1866, p. 188 — upper Ucayali; idem, I.e., 1867, p. 751 — Chyavetas; idem, I.e., p. 978 — Pebas; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 279 — upper Ucayali, Chyavetas, Pebas, Peru; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — Borba (Rio Madeira), Rio Xie" and Barcellos, Rio Negro (spec, examined); TACZA- NOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1882, p. 19 — Yurimaguas; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 256, 1884 — upper Ucayali, Chyavetas, Pebas, Yurimaguas, Moyobamba; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 294 — Bartica Grove; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 128, 1888 — part, spec, a-1, Amazonia, Pebas, Oyapock, Bartica Grove, Bogota; BERLEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 37, p. 302, 1889 — Yurimaguas; BERLEPSCH and HAR- TERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 42, 1902 — Altagracia, Nericagua, and Maipures, Rio Orinoco, and Suapure, Caura, Venezuela; MENEGAUX, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 10, p. 117, 1904 — Mahury, French Guiana; HELLMAYR, Abhandl. 2. KL Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 22, No. 3, p. 640, 1906 — part, excl. Panama (crit.); idem, Nov. Zool., 14, p. 47, 1907 — Teffe', Rio Solimoes; BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 135, 1908 — Cayenne, Oyapock, French Guiana; IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 281, 1907 — Santarem; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 502, 1908 — Goyana, Rio Tapaj6z; idem, I.e., p. 526, 1908 — Arumatheua and Alcobaca, Rio To.- cantins; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 292, 1910 — Borba, Rio Madeira; idem, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 89, 1912 — Para; SNETHLAGE, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 412, 1914 — Para, Providencia, Rio Guama (Sao Miguel), Rio Tocantins (Alcobaca, Arumatheua), Monte Alegre, Rio Tapaj6z (Santarem, Goyana, Pimental), Rio Jamunda (Faro); CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 181, 1921 — Bartica, Anarica River, Mt. Roraima, Camacusa. Tyrannulus elatus reguloides RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 792, 1907 — part, Peruvian, Brazilian, and Venezuelan references and localities; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 453, 1917 — part, La Morelia, Colombia. Tyrannulus elatus elatus CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 228, 1916 — Orinoco region; BANGS and PENARD, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, p. 76, 1918 — vicinity of Paramaribo. Range: French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela (Orinoco- Caura basin, and forest region south of Lake Maracaibo in states of Trujillo and Zulia) ; northern Brazil, south to the Madeira and Punis Rivers, east to western Maranhao; eastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta) and northeastern Peru8. 8 Specimens from the lower Amazon (reguloides) are perfectly identical with others from the Guianas and Peru, nor am I able to separate by any character four skins from the heavily forested region south of Lake Maracaibo. Material examined. — French Guiana: Cayenne 5. British Guiana: Bartica Grove i. Brazil: Para 4; Santarem i; Borba, Rio Madeira 2; Barcellos, Rio Negro 5; Teffe1, Rio Solimoes i. Peru: Yurimaguas i, Iquitos i, Moyobamba i. Colombia: "Bogota" 5. Venezuela: La Ceiba, Trujillo 2; Cat atumbo River, Zulia 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 479 8: Venezuela (La Ceiba, Trujillo 2; Catatumbo River, Zulia 2); Brazil (Utinga, near Para i; Rosario, Maranhao i); Peru (Yurimaguas i, Moyobamba i). ^Tyrannulus elatus panamensis Thayer and Bangs*. WESTERN YEL- LOW-CROWNED TYRANNULET. Tyrannulus reguloides panamensis THAYER and BANGS, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 46, p. 218, 1906 — Savanna of Panama. Tyrannulus elatus (not of LATHAM) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 24, p. 141, 1856 — David; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 512 — Remedies, Colombia; BER- LEPSCH, Journ. Orn., 32, p. 300, 1884 — Bucaramanga ; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 128, 1888 — part, spec, m-p, Bogota, Bucaramanga, Remedios, Paraiso; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 31, 1888 — part, Panama and Colombia; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 8, 1899 — Balzar, Ecuador; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 148, 1900 — Bonda; HALLINAN, Auk, 41, p. 319, 1924 — Gorgona, Panama. Tyranniscus elatus SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 147 — David. Tyrannulus elata HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Pambilar and San Javier, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Tyrannulus reguloides (not of RIDGWAY) BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 362, igoi — Divala, Chiriqui. Tyrannulus elatus reguloides (not of RIDGWAY 1888) RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 794, 1907 — part, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador ref- erences and localities; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 453, 1917 — part, Quibdo, Buenaventura, Barbacoas, Puerto Valdivia, Cali, Rio Frio, Calamar, and Honda, Colombia; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1918, p. 269 — Toro Point, Panama. Tyrannulus elatus panamensis TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, P- 373. 1922 — Mamatoco, Don Diego, and Dibulla, Santa Marta region (crit.). Range: Panama (from Chiriqui eastwards); Colombia (Pacific coast ; Santa Marta district ; Cauca and Magdalena valleys) ; and western Ecuador (south to Balzar, Prov. Guayas). i : Colombia (Barbacoas, Narifio i). • Tyrannulus elatus panamensis THAYER and BANGS: Closely similar to T7e. elatus, but slightly larger, with heavier bill; under parts brighter yellow, less shaded with greenish on chest and sides; back somewhat brighter greenish. Wing (male) 51-54, (female) 48-51; tail 39-42- I quite agree with Mr. Tbdd that, if any distinction be made, birds from west of the Andes should be ranged with panamensis to which three examples from Ecuador must also be referred. A series from Bucaramanga likewise belongs to this bright- colored race which is, furthermore, common in native Bogotd collections. I have however, also seen typical elatus from Bogota, these specimens having probably been taken at the eastern base of the Eastern Andes. Material examined. — Panama: Panama City i. Colombia: Barbacoas i; Bucaramanga 7, "Bogota" 30. Ecuador: Pambilar i. San Javier i, Balzar i. 480 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Genus ACROCHORDOPUS Berlepsch and Hellmayr". Acrochordopus BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p. 26, Jan. 1905 — type Phyttomyias subviridis PELZELN = Phyttomyias burmeisteri CABANIS and HEINE. Idiotriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 210, Sept. 1905 — type Pogonotriccus zeledoni LAWRENCE. Acrochordopus burmeisteri (Cabanis and Heine)b. BURMEISTER'S TYRANNULET. Phyllomyias burmeisteri CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 57, 1859 — Brazil (type examined); SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 122, 1888 — Rio de Janeiro (spec, examined). Phyllomyias subviridis PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 105, 175, 1868 — Ypanema, Sao Paulo (type), Curytiba, Parand, and Rio de Janeiro (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Phyttomyias berkpschi (not of SCLATER 1887) SALVADORI, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 12, No. 292, p. 15, 1897 — San Lorenzo, Jujuy (type in Turin Museum ex- amined). Phyllomyias brevirostris var. salvadorii (sic) DUBOIS, Syn. Av., livr. 4, p. 238, 1900 — new name for Phyllomyias berlepschi SALVADORI, preoccupied. Idiotriccus secundus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29, p. 96, 1916 — Rio Surutu, Prov. del Sara, Bolivia (type examined). Phyllomyias salvadorii SCLATER, Bull. B. O. C., 12, p. 52, 1902 — Tafi, Tucuman. • Acrochordopus BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, in general appearance, is not unlike Xanthomyias BERLEPSCH, but may be immediately recognized by its pycnaspidean tarsal envelope, with scutella on lower portion of both acrotarsium and planta tarsi roughened and subtuberculate, and its much shorter tail. b Acrochordopus burmeisteri (CABANIS and HEINE), in style of coloration, bears a strong resemblance to Xanthomyias v. virescens, but differs by lacking the two pale yellow bands across the wing, only the greater wing-coverts being edged with olive yellow along the outer webs. Besides, the tail is much shorter and the bill higher, more compressed at base, and with the culmen more strongly convex, while the peculiar tarsal covering constitutes another striking character. Wing (male) 62-67, (female) 60-63; tail 46-53. The type of P. burmeisteri in the Heine Collection which I have recently compared with two of the original examples of P. subviridis and two topotypes of X. virescens, proves to be a very characteristic example of the first-named species, agreeing in proportions (wing 62; tail 46), coloration, and tarsal covering with Natterer's skins. When the late Count Berlepsch (as recorded in Journ. Orn., 53, p. 25, 1905) many years ago identified it with Xanthomyias v. virescens, he was unaware of the existence of two closely similar, though genetically distinct species in southern Brazil, and failed to appreciate the significance of the differences, although they were duly noted in his manuscript, now in my possession. Specimens from northwestern Argentina and Bolivia (salvadorii DUBOIS) are slightly larger, but not otherwise different. Material examined. — Brazil: Rio de Janeiro i, Ypanema, Sao Paulo 2, Yporanga, Sao Paulo i, Curytiba, Parand. i, unspecified (the type) i. Paraguay: Sapucay 4. Argentina: Tucuman i, San Lorenzo, Jujuy i. Bolivia: Rio Surutu, Prov. del Sara 2. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 481 Myiopatis subviridis IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 5, p. 271, 1902 — Rincao, Sao Paulo. Acrochordopus subviridis BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, p 26, i9°5 — Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo (Ypanema, Rincao, Yporanga), Parana (Curytiba) (crit.); IHERING, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 279, 1907 — Ypiranga, Avanhandava, and Bebedouro, Sao Paulo, (?) and Rio Grande do Sul; LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., i, p. 41, 1909 — Tucuman (spec, examined); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 583 — Sapucay, Paraguay (spec, examined); DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat., 18, p. 336, 1910 — Tucuman, Jujuy, Salta; BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 58, 1914 — Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay; HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 21, p. 172, 1914 (crit., meas., range). Range: Southeastern Brazil, from Rio de Janeiro to Parand (Curytiba) ; Paraguay (Sapucay, Puerto Bertoni) ; northwestern Argen- tina (in prov. Tucuman, Salta, and Jujuy); eastern Bolivia (Rio Surutu, Prov. del Sara, Dept. Santa Cruz). Acrochordopus zeledoni zeledoni (Lawrence)*. ZELEDON'S TYRAN- NULET. Pogonotriccus (?) zeledoni LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. 144, March 1869 — Dota and Barranca, Costa Rica; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 19, 1888 — same localities; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 35, 1902 — Boquete, Chiriqui (spec, examined). Idiotriccus zeledoni RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 797, 1907 — Costa Rica and Chiriqui. Range: Costa Rica (Barranca and Dota) and western Panama (Boquete, Chiriqui). Acrochordopus zeledoni leucogonys (Sclater and Salviri). WHITE- FRONTED TYRANNULET. Tyranniscus leucogonys SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., "1870," p. 841, pl- 53. fig- i» 1871 — Bogota; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 136, 1888 — Bogota. Tyranniscus cinereiceps (not of SCLATER) BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 555 — Chimbo, Ecuador (see I.e., 1885, p. 90, sub. No. 134). a Acrochordopus zeledoni zeledoni (LAWRENCE) is no doubt conspecific with "Tyranniscus" leucogonys, of Colombia, but differs by decidedly smaller bill, brighter yellowish green back, deeper yellow wing markings, and richer yellow under parts, with the flammulations on foreneck and breast more greenish and more prominent. Wing (female) 60-6 1; tail 47-48; bill 8-9. Except for its slightly wider, shorter and more depressed bill, A. zeledoni agrees in structure with the genotype. It is, however, very different from Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus, and aside from structural characters (shape of bill, absence of rictal bristles, tarsal envelope) may be recognized by its flammulated chest and the absence of the black semilunar patch on the auriculars. Material examined. — Panama: Boquete 2, 482 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Acrochordopus leucogonys BERLEPSCH and HELLMAYR, Journ. Orn., 53, P- 26, 1905 (crit.). Acrochordopus zeledoni (not of LAWRENCE) CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 451, 1917 — Buenavista, above Villavicencio, Colombia (crit.). Range : Tropical Zone of Colombia (Buenavista, above Villavicen- cio; Bogota), Ecuador (Chimbo), and Peru (Marcapata, Dept. Cuzco)». Genus MICROTRICCUS Ridgwayb. Microtriccus RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, p. 210, 1905 — type Tyrannulus semiflavus SCLATER and SALVIN. Microtriccus semiflavus semiflavus (Sclater and Salvin). YELLOW- BELLIED TYRANNULET: Tyrannulus semiflavus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 300, 1860 — Choctum, Vera Paz, Guatemala; LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 8, p. 182, 1867 — Greytown, Nicaragua; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 129, 1888 — Vera Paz and Choctum, Guatemala; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 32, pi. 36, fig. i, 1888 — Teapa in Tabasco (Mexico), Choctum (Guatemala), and Greytown (Nicaragua); RICHMOND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, p. 505, 1893 — Rio Escondido, Nicaragua. Ornithion semiflavum BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 492, 1907. Microtriccus semiflavus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 791, 1907 — from southern Mexico to Costa Rica (monog.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 673, 1910 — Pozo Azul de Pirris, El General de Terraba, Boruca, Pacific Costa Rica. Microtriccus semiflavus semiflavus BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 303, 1907 — Boruca. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco, and Chiapas), through Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua south to the Pacific lowlands of Costa Ricac. *Microtriccus semiflavus brunneicapillus (LawrenceY- BROWN-CAPPED TYRANNULET. •A single adult male from Marcapata, alt. 3000 ft., April 9, 1900, secured by Otto Garlepp (Berlepsch Collection) hardly differs from a series of Bogotd skins by slightly darker crown and more greenish chest, while a female from Chimbo, accord- ing to a note communicated by the late Count Berlepsch, is smaller (wing 55^2, against 59-65 ; tail 40^3, against 43-47) than any other example examined by him. Material examined. — Colombia: "Bogotd" (including the type) 10, Buenavista i. Peru: Marcapata i. b While agreeing with Mr. Ridgway that this genus is quite distinct from Orni- thion and Tyrannulus, I am not prepared to follow this author in transferring it, along with some other groups, to the family of Cotingidae. See also Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 322, 1922. "Material examined. — Guatemala: Vera Paz 2. Honduras: San Pedro Mts. (male, Feb. 5, 1892, H. W. Wittkugel) i. Costa Rica: Boruca i. d Microtriccus semiflavus brunneicapillus (LAWRENCE) : Differs from M, s. semi- flavus by larger bill, sooty brown (instead of slate color) pileum, more white on fore- head, somewhat shorter superciliary streak, and lighter greenish auriculars. A specimen from Darien (C. Viguier, in coll. Paris Museum) seems to agree with others from Costa Rica, while a single male from Paramba is slightly duller green 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 483 Tyrannulus brunneicapillus LAWRENCE, Ibis, 4, p. 12, 1862 — Panama = Lion Hill; idem, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, p. 473, 1862 — Lion Hill; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1864, p. 359 — Lion Hill (crit.); LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. in, 1868 — Angostura, Costa Rica; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 129, 1888 — Lion Hill, Panama; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 32, 1888 — Costa Rica (Angostura) and Panama (Lion Hill). Ornithion brunneicapillum HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — Paramba, Ecuador (spec, examined) ; BERLEPSCH, Ornis, 14, p. 492, 1907. Microtriccus brunneicapillus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 792, 1907 — part, Costa Rica and Panama; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 673, 1910 — Jimenez, Guacimo, and El Hogar, Caribbean Costa Rica (habits). Microtriccus brunneicapillus brunneicapillus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 452, 1917 — Alto Bonito and Buenaventura, Pacific coast, and Puerto Berrio, lower Magdalena, Colombia. Range: Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, south through Panama and Colombia (Pacific coast; Magdalena Valley; "Bogota") to northwestern Ecuador (Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas). i: Costa Rica (Turrialba i). Microtriccus semiflavus dilutus Todd*. VENEZUELAN BROWN-CAPPED TYRANNULET. Microtriccus brunneicapillus dilutus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 171, 1913 — Las Quiguas, Carabobo, Venezuela; idem and CARRIKER, Ann. Car- negie Mus., 14, p. 370, 1922 — La Tigrera, Don Diego, and Dibulla, Santa Marta region. Microtriccus brunneicapillus (not of LAWRENCE) HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 164, 1912 — San Esteban, Venezuela. Range: Caribbean coast of northwestern Venezuela (San Esteban and Las Quiguas, State of Carabobo) and northern Colombia (Santa Marta district). Genus ORNITHION Hartlaub. Ornithion HARTLAUB, Journ. Orn., i, p. 35, 1853 — type Ornithion inerme HART- LAUB. above and paler yellow below. A Bogotd skin in the Berlepsch Collection has the under surface even paler and can hardly be distinguished from a topotype of M. s. dilutus. Material examined. — Costa Rica: Turrialba 2. Panama: Lion Hill 2, Darien i. Colombia: Bogotd i. Ecuador: Paramba i. a Microtriccus semiflavus dilutus TODD: Exceedingly close to M. s. brunneicapillus, but perhaps distinguishable by paler yellow under parts, with more white on the chin and less greenish shading on the sides of the chest. Wing (female) 45; tail 25^. The single specimen from San Esteban examined by me does not permit any con- clusion as to the validity of this race. According to Todd and Carriker (I.e.), birds from Santa Marta are likewise referable to it. 484 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Ornithium CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 57, 1859 — emendation. Ornithion inerme Hartlaub*. HARTLAUB'S TYRANNULET. Ornithion inerme HARTLAUB, Journ. Orn., i, p. 35, 1853 — South Am erica = Bahia; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1873, P- 577 — Guiana (crit.); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 293 — Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 125, 1888 — Bartica and Carimang River (British Guiana), Oyapock (French Guiana), Sarayacu (Ecuador); BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 42, 1902 — Suapure, Caura (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, I.e., 15, p. 136, 320, 1908 — Oyapock and Saint Jean du Maroni, French Guiana; SNETHLAGE, Journ. Orn., 56, p. 526, 1908 — Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins; idem, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 8, p. 412, 1914 — Para, Rio Guamd (Santa Maria do Sao Miguel), Rio Tocantins (Arumatheua); CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., 2, p. 227, 1916 — Maipures, Orinoco, and Suapure, Caura; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 179, 1921 — Kamakabra Creek, Bartica, and Camarang River. Myiopatis pusilla (?) (not of CABANIS and HEINE) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 106, 1868 — part, No. 837, Marabitanas, Rio Negro, and Bahia (spec, in Vienna Museum examined). Range: French and British Guiana; southern Venezuela (Suapure, Rio Caura; Maipures, Rio Orinoco); eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu); northern Brazil, from the Rio Negro (Marabitanas) and the Tapaj6z to Para, south to Bahia. Genus LEPTOPOGON Cabanis. Leptopogon CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 275, 1844 — type by subs, desig. (GRAY, 1855) Leptopogon super ciliaris TSCHUDI. Leptopogon super ciliaris albidiventer Hellmayrb. WHITE-BELLIED LEP- TOPOGON. Leptopogon superciliaris albidiventer HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 13, p. 305, 1918 — Quebrada onda, Yungas of Cochabamba, Bolivia. • A very characteristic species on account of its strongly defined white supraloral streak, slate gray cap, and double-banded wings. Specimens from different localities show certain variation which may be either seasonal or racial. Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia 3; Benevides 3, Arumatheua, Rio Tocantins i; Santarem i, Apacy i, Miritituba i, Villa Braga, Rio Tapaj6z i; Marabitanas, Rio Negro i. French Guiana: Saint Jean du Maroni i, Pied Saut, Oyapock i. Venezuela: Suapure, Caura i. b Leptopogon superciliaris albidiventer HELLMAYR : Similar to L. s. superciliaris, but wing-bands white to pale primrose yellow (instead of buff yellow to ochraceous buff); under parts much paler, the throat being whitish, the chest pale grayish in- stead of olivaceous, and the abdomen yellowish white or pale Naples yellow; arillars and under wing-coverts pale yellowish instead of buff. Wing (male) 68-72, (female) 63-67; tail 62-68, (female) 58-64; bill 12-13. Birds from Marcapata agree with a Bolivian series, but average perhaps slightly more yellowish on the abdomen. Material examined. — Bolivia: Quebrada onda 2, Omeja i, Chaco i, Cillutincara i, Songo 2. Peru: Marcapata 4. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HE LLM AYR. 485 Leptopogon superciliaris (not of TSCHUDI) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 613 — Carguarani, Yungas of La Paz; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 2, p. 85, 1889 — Yungas; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 115, 1888 — part, spec, h, "Kawarani," Bolivia; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 86, 1906 — Idma, Urubamba Valley ; HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 413, 1917 — Santo Domingo and Caradoc, Marcapata, southeastern Peru. Leptopogon superciliaris subsp. BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 113, 1906 — Huaynapata, Marcapata (crit.). Leptopogon superciliaris superciliaris CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 94, 1921 — Idma, Urubamba Valley. Range: Bolivia (Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba) and south- eastern Peru (Marcapata; Carabaya; Urubamba Valley). *Leptopogon superciliaris superciliaris Tschudi*. GRAY-CAPPED LEP- TOPOGON. Leptopogon superciliaris TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 275, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 161, pi. 10, fig. 2, 1846 — fringes of the forests of central Peru, we suggest Montana of Vitoc, Dept. Junin; SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 26, p. 71, 1858 — Rio Napo; SALVIN, I.e., 1870, p. 197 — Calovevora (Veragua), Bogaba and Volcan de Chiriqui; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, P- 536 — Monterico, Paltaypampa, Ropaybamba; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Huambo; idem, Orn. PeY., 2, p. 246, 1884 — Peruvian localities; idem and BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 89 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 115, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, h-m, Costa Rica, Calovevora (Veragua), Chiriqui, Sarayacu, Rio Napo, Bogota, Huambo; SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 24, 1888 — part, excl. Bolivia; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 363 — La Merced, Chanchamayo; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 51, p. 306, 1899 — vicinity of Bogota; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 465, 1907 — part, excl. western Ecuador and Bolivia; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 710, 1910 — Guayabo, Carrillo, El General, Costa Rica; FERRY, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Pub., Orn. Ser., i, p. 267, 1910 — Guayabo, Costa Rica. • In opposition to L. 5. albidiventer and L. s. venezuelensis, this form shows con- siderable variation in the color of the wing bands, and every shade between cream buff and light ochraceous tawny is represented in our series from Huanuco. A specimen from Chanchamayo (which we may take for typical superciliaris) agrees in coloration of under parts with birds from Huanuco and northwards, being much more deeply colored than the pale-bellied albidiventer, from Marcapata. I dp not see my way of separating the birds of eastern Ecuador and Colombia. The wing bands in Bogotd skins are even more variable, and the palest extreme closely matches venezuelensis. The majority, however, cannot be told from the Peruvian average. I am not so certain of the identity of the Costa Rican form. Our only example differs from any South American skin by brighter green back and less slaty, more olivaceous head. Mr. Bangs, however, with ten from Costa Rica and five from Colombia before him declares them to be indistinguishable. Material examined. — Costa Rica: Guayabo i. Colombia: Bogotd 6, N6vita i. Ecuador: Machay i. Peru: Huambo 2, Rioja i, Huachipa, Huanuco 7, Vista Alegre, Huanuco 2, La Merced, Chanchamayo, Junin i. 486 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Leptopogon poliocephalus CABANIS and HEINE, Mus. Hein., 2, p. 55, 1859 — "New Granada" = Bogota. Leptopogon auritus TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- *34 — Amable Maria, Dept. Junin; idem, I.e., p. 536 — Amable Maria, Pumamarca, Ropaybamba; idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — Ray-Urmana. Leptopogon superciliaris poliocephalus HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1132 — part, N6vita, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 449, 1917 — Alto Bonito, Dabeiba, Peque, Cocal, Miraflores, Buena vista, and Villavicencio, Colombia; BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Perico, Peru. Idiotriceus zeledoni (errore) CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 672, 1910 — Carrillo and Las Mesas, Costa Rica (fide W. E. C. Todd in litt.). Range: Tropical and Subtropical Zone of Costa Rica, Veragua, Colombia (except southwestern section), eastern Ecuador, and Peru, south to Dept. Junin. ii : Costa Rica (Guayabo i); Peru (Rioja i; Huachipa, Dept. Huanuco 7; Vista Alegre, Dept. Huanuco 2). Leptopogon superciliaris transandinus Berlepsch and Taczanowski*. TRANSANDEAN LEPTOPOGON. Leptopogon superciliaris transandinus BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1883, p. 553 — Chimbo, Ecuador (type examined); MENEGAUX, Miss. Serv. g£ogr. Mes. Arc MeYid. Equat., 9, p. 654, 1911 — Gualea and Santo Domingo. Leptopogon superciliaris (not of TSCHUDI) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 28, p. 69, 1860 — Pallatanga; idem, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 115, 1888 — part, spec, f, g, Balzar and Pallatanga; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas (spec, examined). Leptopogon transandinus SALVADOR! and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 7, 1899 — Rio Peripa, Ecuador (spec, examined). Leptopogon superciliaris poliocephalus (not of CABANIS and HEINE) HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1132 — part, San Pablo. Range: Tropical Zone of western Ecuador and extreme south- western Colombia (San Pablo, Prov. Tuqueres). *Leptopogon superciliaris venezuelensis Hartert and Goodsonb. VENE- ZUELAN LEPTOPOGON. • Leptopogon superciliaris transandinus BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI: Very close to L. s. superciliaris, but pileum darker, more blackish, with less white on the forehead; size somewhat smaller. Wing (male) 64-68, (female) 60-62; tail 58-61, (female) 52-54; bill 12-13. The specimen from San Pablo, on reexamination, proves to be identical in colora- tion with others from Ecuador, but is slightly larger. Material examined. — Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Paramba 2, Lita i ; Chimbo 4, Rio Peripa i. Colombia: San Pablo, Prov. Tuqueres i. b Leptopogon superciliaris venezuelensis HARTERT and GOODSON: Nearly allied to L. s. superciliaris, but wing bands paler, primrose yellow (never ochraceous) ; lower 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 487 Leptopogon superciliaris venezuelensis HARTERT and GOODSON, Nov. Zool., 24, p. 413, 1917 — Cumbre de Valencia, above Puerto Cabello, Carabobo, Vene- zuela. Leptopogon superciliaris (not of TSCHUDI) PHELPS and CHAPMAN, Auk, 14, P- 365, 369, 1897 — Caripe", Bermudez; ROBINSON, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 24, p. 173, 1901 — San Julian, near La Guaira; CHERRIE, Mus. Brookl. Inst., Sci. Bull., i, p. 361, 1908 — Carenage and Aripo, Trinidad. Leptopogon superciliaris poliocephalus (not of CABANIS and HEINE) HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 78, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia. Range: Caribbean coast of Venezuela (from Bermudez to Cara- bobo) and Island of Trinidad. 3: Venezuela (Caracas i, Macuto, Caracas 2). Leptopogon nigrifrons Salvin and Godman*. BLACK-FRONTED LEP- TOPOGON. Leptopogon nigrifrons SALVIN and GODMAN, Ibis, (5) 2, p. 446, 1884 — Roraima, British Museum (type in British Museum examined); SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 293 — Roraima; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 119, 1888 — Roraima. Range : Mount Roraima in British Guiana. *Leptopogon amaurocephalus amaurocephalus Tschudi. BROWN- CAPPED LEPTOPOGON. Leptopogon amaurocephalus (CABANIS MS.) TSCHUDI, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 162, footnote, 1846 — Sao Paulo, Brazil; PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 104, 1868 — Ypanema (Sao Paulo), Curytiba (Parana), and Goyaz; REINHARDT, Vidensk. Medd. naturhist. Foren., 1870, p. 349 — Sete Lagoas (Minas Geraes), Franca (Sao Paulo), and Rio de Janeiro; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 117, 1888 — part, spec, a-d, Ypanema, Bahia, "Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul," Pernambuco; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, p. 334, 1892 — Chapada, Matto Grosso; IHERING, Rev. Mus. Paul., 3, p. 190, 1899 — Iguap£, Sao Paulo; idem, I.e., 4, p. 230, 1900 (egg descr.); idem, Cat. Faun. Braz., i, p. 277, 1907 — Iguap6, Ubatuba, Sao Sebastiao, Alto da Serra, Itatiba, Avan- handava, Itapura (Sao Paulo), Ourinho- (Parana), Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro), Porto Cachoeiro (Espirito Santo), Puerto Bertoni (Paraguay); parts paler yellow, with less greenish suffusion on foreneck. Wing 65-68, (female) 61-66; tail 60-64, (female) 56-62; bill 12-13. Material examined. — Venezuela: Hills of Quebrada Secca, Bermudez 2, Caripe", Bermudez i; Caracas i, Macuto, Caracas 2, Loma Redonda, north of Caracas 2; San Esteban i, Cumbre de Valencia, Carabobo 2. Trinidad: Aripo (Cave Mountain, 2000 to 2250 ft. alt.) 9. s Leptopogon nigrifrons SALVIN and GODMAN: Allied to L. superciliaris, but with a broad black band across the forehead; under parts grayish white, faintly tinged with yellowish on flanks and tail-coverts; wing bands pale yellow as in L. s. vene- zuelensis. This bird, known from a single adult female in the British Museum, is probably conspecific with L. superciliaris. 488 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. LILLO, Apunt. Hist. Nat., I, p. 26, 1909 — Ledesma, Jujuy (spec, examined); CHUBB, Ibis, 1910, p. 582 — Sapucay, Paraguay; WETMORE, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 133, p. 326, 1926 — Las Palmas, Chaco. Hapalocercus plumbeipes BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 123, Jan. 1901 — Asun- ci6n, Paraguay. Leptopogon amaurocephalus icastus OBERHOLSER, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, p. 187, Dec. 1901 — Sapucay, Paraguay; idem, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 138, 1902 — Sapucay. Leptopogon amaurocephalus var. icastus DABBENE, Anal. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. B. Aires, 18, p. 332, 1910 — Alto Parana, and Ledesma, Jujuy. Leptopogon amaurocephalus plumbeipes BERTONI, Faun. Parag., p. 56, 1913 — Alto Parana; idem, El Hornero, i, p. 190, 1918 (nest and egg descr.). Range: Brazil, from Maranhao and Pernambuco south to Matto Grosso and Santa Catharina; Paraguay; northern Argentina (Misiones, Chaco, and Jujuy) ; and eastern Bolivia (Dept. Santa Cruz)a. 6: Brazil (Uruciim de Corumba, Matto Grosso i; Sao Antonio, Goyaz i; Tranqueira, Maranhao i); Bolivia (Rio Espirito Santo i, Buenavista 2). ^Leptopogon amaurocephalus peruvianus Sdater and Salvinb. PERU- VIAN LEPTOPOGON. Leptopogon peruvianus SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1867, p. 757 — Chya- vetas, Peru; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278— Chyavetas; TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 248, 1884 — Chyavetas. a I have not seen enough material to be certain that L. a. amaurocephalus, as understood here, does not require subdivision. Specimens from Paraguay (plum- beipes BERTONI =icastus OBERHOLSER) appear to be identical with a topotypical series from Sao Paulo and others from Rio and Santa Catharina. An adult male from Jujuy (Ledesma) and five specimens from Bolivia have the crown less dusky, more tinged with olivaceous, thus forming the transition to peruvianus. There is, however, so much individual variation that far more material than I have been able to examine will be needed for defining any possible local races. Material examined. — Brazil: Maranhao i; Bahia2; Agua Suja, near Bagagem, Minas Geraes i ; Sao Antonio, Goyaz i ; Urucum, Matto Grosso i ; Rio de Janeiro 2 ; Sao Paulo (Ypanema, Victoria, etc.) 8; Curytiba, Parana i ; Blumenau, Santa Catharina i. Paraguay: Sapucay 4. Argentina: Ledesma, Jujuy i. Bolivia: Santa Cruz 2, Buena- vista 2, Rio Espirito Santo i. b Leptopogon amaurocephalus peruvianus SCLATER and SALVIN : A single adult male from Samiria (Rio Maranon, Peru) differs from L. a. amaurocephalus by the decidedly paler brown crown passing gradually into the darker green back, and very small size (wing 60; tail 50). Four birds from Roraima, Brit. Guiana seem to agree in coloration, but are much larger (wing of male 66^-67^, female 63^-65; tail 59, (female) 56-58; bill 13^-15). Sixteen Bogota skins are variable in size and colora- tion, some being like those from Guiana, while others have the cap very nearly as deep brown as pileatus. Our specimens from El Guayabal resemble the average from Bogota. Until better series with reliable data are available, it is, of course, impossible to correctly interpret the significance of this variation. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 489 Leptopogon amaurocephalus (not of TSCHUDI) SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1866, p. 567 — northeastern Peru = Nauta; idem, I.e., 1873, p. 278 — Nauta; TACZANOWSKI, I.e., 1874, p. 535 — Monterico; SALVIN, Ibis, 1885, p. 293 — Merume" Mts. and Roraima, Brit. Guiana; CHUBB, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 173, 1921 — same localities; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 450, 1917 — Chicoral and Villa vicencio, Colombia. [Leptopogon amaurocephalus] subsp. peruviana SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 117, 1888 — Chyavetas, Nauta, Roraima, Merume" Mts. Leptopogon amaurocephalus peruvianus BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 363 — La Merced, Chanchamayo, Peru. Range: Eastern Peru (Nauta, Samiria, Chyavetas, La Merced); (?) north to Colombia and east to British Guiana (Roraima, Merume' Mountains). 2: Colombia (El Guayabal, ten miles north of San Jose* de Cucuta, Santander 2). Leptopogon amaurocephalus diversus Todd*. SANTA MARTA LEP- TOPOGON. Leptopogon amaurocephalus diversus TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, p. 171, 1913 — Mamatoco, Santa Marta region; idem and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 356, 1922 — La Tigrera, Mamatoco, Fundacion, and Tucurinca. Leptopogon amaurocephalus (not of TSCHUDI) ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 149, 1900 — Bonda. Range: Northern Colombia (Santa Marta district). ^Leptopogon amaurocephalus faustus Bangs*. COSTA RICAN LEP- TOPOGON. Leptopogon amaurocephalus faustus BANGS, Auk, 24, p. 300, 1907 — Boruca, Costa Rica; CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 710, 1907 — Tenorio, Mira- velles, Costa Rica (crit.). Leptopogon pileatus (not of CABANIS) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 116, 1888 — part, spec, g-i, "Valza" (Costa Rica), Calovevora (Veragua) and San * Pablo Station (Panama); SALVIN and GODMAN, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, 2, p. 25, 1888 — part; RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 463, 1907 — part, Costa Rica and Panama references and localities. Range: Costa Rica and Panama (east to the Railroad line). i: Costa Rica (Orosi i). • Leplopogon amaurocephalus diversus TODD: This form which we have not seen is described as a pale littoral race, distinguishable from both amaurocephalus and faustus by the lighter and more uniform coloration of the under surface. b Leptopogon amaurocephalus faustus BANGS : Very similar to L. a. pileatus, but back slightly lighter green and abdomen paler, about primrose yellow. This race, too, appears to me of doubtful validity, but having only three speci- mens for comparison with two from Guatemala I am hardly in a position to decide the question. 490 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. *Leptopogon amaurocephalus pileatus Cdbanis. GUATEMALAN LEP- TOPOGON. Leptopogon pileatus CABANIS, Journ. Orn., 13, p. 414, 1865 — Guatemala; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 116, 1888 — part, spec, a-e, Oaxaca (Mexico) and Choctum, Vera Paz (Guatemala); RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 463, 1907 — part, Mexican and Guatemalan references and lo- calities. Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz, Tabasco, and Chiapas) and Guatemala. i: Guatemala (unspecified i). ^Leptopogon erythrops Sdater. RUFOUS-FACED LEPTOPOGON. Tyrannula rufipectus (not Tyrannulus rufopectus LESSON 1844) LAFRESNAYE, Rev. Zool., 9, p. 207, 1846 — "Colombie" = Bogota (type in Mus. Comp. Zool. examined). Leptopogon erythrops SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1862, p. in — Bogota (type in British Museum examined) ; SCLATER and SALVIN, I.e., 1879, p. 512 — Medellin and Santa Elena, Colombia; TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 89 — Machay and Mapoto, Ecuador (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, Zeits. ges. Orn., 4, p. 184, 1887 — Bogotd; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 119, pi. 10, 1888 — Bogotd, Medellin, Santa Elena; SALVADOR: and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 7, 1899 — San Jos6, Ecuador; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 450, 1917 — Salento, Santa Elena, La Palma, La Candela, Aguadita, above Fusugasuga, Colombia. Leptopogon rufipectus HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 13, p. 198, 1917 (crit.). Range: Subtropical Zone of eastern Ecuador and of Central and Eastern Andes of Colombia*. i: Colombia (El Roble, Quindio Andes i). Leptopogon taczanowskii Hellmayrb. TACZANOWSKI'S LEPTOPOGON. Leptopogon rufipectus (not Tyrannula rufipectus LAFRESNAYE) TACZANOWSKI, Orn. Pe"r., 2, p. 249, 1884 — Ropaybamba, and Ray-Urmana, above Chirimoto, Peru; BERLEPSCH and TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 363 — Maray- nioc; CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 94, 1921 — Idma and San Miguel Bridge, Urubamba Valley. Leptopogon taczanowskii HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 13, p. 198, 1917 — new name for Leptopogon rufipectus TACZANOWSKI, preoccupied. • Specimens from Ecuador are somewhat smaller (wing of males 67^-69, against 72-75; tail 60-62, against 65-68). Material examined. — Colombia: Bogota 4, El Roble i. Ecuador: Machay 3. b Leptopogon taczanowskii HELLMAYR: Nearly allied to L. erythrops, but foreneck and chest dull greenish, tinged with buffy olive; throat grayish; frontal edge and sides of head whitish instead of buff, etc. Wing (male) 69^; tail 64; bill n. Material examined. — Peru: Maraynioc i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 491 Leptopogon inca BANGS and PENARD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 35, p. 225, 1922 — new name for Leptopogon rufipectus TACZANOWSKI, preoccupied. Range: Subtropical Zone of eastern Peru, from the Valley of Huayabamba south to the Urubamba region. Genus MIONECTES Cabanis. Mionectes CABANIS, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 275, 1844 — type by orig. desig. Mionectes poliocephalus TSCHUDI. Mionectes striaticoUis" striaticollis (Lajresnaye and D'Orbigny). STRIPED-NECKED MIONECTES. Muscicapa striaticollis LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY, Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, cl. 2, p. 51, 1837 — " Yuracares," Bolivia (type in Paris Museum examined). Muscicapara striaticollis D'ORBIGNY, Voyage Ame"r. me'rid., Ois., p. 323, pi. 35, fig. 2, 1839 — Yungas and "Yuracares." Mionectes striaticollis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 613 — Tilo- tilo, Yungas of La Paz; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. in, 1888 — part, spec, a-c, Tilotilo, Bolivia; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 112, 1906 — Huaynapata (Marcapata) and Rio Cadena. Mionectes striaticollis striaticollis CHAPMAN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 264, 1919 — Locotal, Incachaca, Yungas, Dept. Cochabamba; idem, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 10, 1924 — Subtropical Zone of Bolivia and southern Peru (Inambari, Dept. Puno; San Miguel Bridge and Idma, Dept. Cuzco); HELL- MAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 180, 1925 — Yuracares (note on type). Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus (not of TSCHUDI) CHAPMAN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 117, p. 93, 1921 — San Miguel Bridge and Idma (above Santa Ana), Urubamba Valley, Peru. Range: Subtropical Zone of Bolivia (depts. La Paz and Cocha- bamba) and southeastern Peru (depts. Puno and Cuzco) b. *Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus Tschudi0. TSCHUDI'S MIONECTES. • In the adult male of M. striaticollis and its races, the second primary (from without) is strongly attenuated on its apical half, gradually decreasing in width and terminating in an acuminate point. b Birds from southeastern Peru, by rather deeper yellow abdomen and less dis- tinctly streaked flanks, slightly diverge toward poliocephalus. Material examined. — 'Bolivia, Yungas of La Paz: Chaco 9; "Yuracares" (the type) i; S. Jacinto, Dept. Cochabamba i. Peru: Huaynapata, Marcapata i, Idma, above Santa Ana 2. 0 Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus TSCHUDI : Differs from M. s. striaticollis by the darker slate gray of the head being more or less suffused with olive green on hind crown, auriculars and nape; darker gray throat, with much narrower whitish streaking; deeper yellow abdomen, with fewer streaks on the flanks; the absence of 492 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mionectes poliocephalus TSCHUDI, Arch. Naturg., 10 (i), p. 275, 1844 — Peru; idem, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 148, pi. 10, fig. i, 1846 — wooded region of Peru, between nth and iath deg. south, lat., we suggest Valley of Vitoc, Dept. Junin. Mionectes striaticollis (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) TACZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 535 — part, Paltaypampa (spec, in Warsaw Museum examined); idem, I.e., 1879, p. 233 — Tambillo (spec, examined); idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — part, Chirimoto, Tamiapampa, Huambo (spec, examined); idem, Orn. P£r., 2, p. 244, 1884 — part, descr. adult, Paltaypampa, Tambillo, Chiri- moto, Tamiapampa, Huambo; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. in, 1888 — part, spec, d, Tamiapampa; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 362 — part, Garita del Sol, Puyas-Yacu, Peru (spec, in Warsaw Museum examined). Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus BANGS and NOBLE, Auk, 35, p. 454, 1918 — Tabaconas; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 10, 1924 — Utcuyacu, Chelpes, and Rumicruz, Dept. Junin. Range: Subtropical Zone of northern and central Peru, south to Dept. Junin. 2: Peru (Vista Alegre i, Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco i). *Mionectes striaticollis columbianus Chapman*. COLOMBIAN MIONEC- TES. Mionectes striaticollis columbianus CHAPMAN, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, p. 264, 1919 — Santa Elena, Antioquia, Colombia. Mionectes striaticollis (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 213, 1862 — part, Bogota; SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1879, p. 512 — Santa Elena (eggs descr.); TACZANOWSKI and BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 90 — Mapoto, Machay, Banos, eastern Ecuador (spec, examined); white streaks on the chest; finally by the blackish apical portion of the lower man- dible. Certain individuals from the Dept. Junin (topotypical) form the passage to striaticollis while others agree with birds from more northern districts. Material examined. — Dept. Junin: Maraynioc 2, Paltaypampa 2, Garita del Sol 2. Dept. Huanuco: Vista Alegre i, Chinchao i. Northern Peru: Tamiapampa i, Huambo i, Tambillo 3. B Mionectes striaticollis columbianus CHAPMAN: Very similar to M. s. poliocepha- lus, but plumbeous of hind crown, auriculars, sides of neck, and lower throat even more strongly washed with olivaceous. This rather ill-defined race was originally compared with specimens from south- eastern Peru, supposed to represent poliocephalus, but which appear to be referable to typical striaticollis. The points of distinction between birds from Colombia and Ecuador on one side, and those from northern Peru on the other, are at best slight average characters, a good many examples being quite indistinguishable. The case is further complicated by M . poliocephalus having been based on birds from Junin which are sometimes intermediate to striaticollis. Skins from eastern Ecuador are obviously identical with those from Colombia. Material examined. — Colombia: Bogotd 7, El Roble, Quindio Andes 2, Santa Elena i, La Candela, Huila i. Ecuador: Jima i, Bafios i, Mapoto 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 493 SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. in, 1888 — part, spec, e-k, Medellin, Santa Elena, Bogota; SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 262, p. 6, 1899 — part, spec, ex Pun. Mionectes striaticollis poliocephalus (not of TSCHUDI) BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, p. 74, 1910 — San Antonio, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 448, 1917 — San Antonio and Cerro Munchique (Western Andes), La Manuelita, Salento, Santa Elena, La Candela, near San Agustin (Central Andes), Fusugasugd (Eastern Andes). Range: Subtropical Zone of Colombia (except Santa Marta region) and eastern Ecuador. i: Colombia (La Candela, Huila i). Mionectes striaticollis viridiceps Chapman11. GREEN-HEADED MIONEC- TES. Mionectes striaticollis viridiceps CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 9, 1924 — above Zaruma, Ecuador. Mionectes striaticollis (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 1859, p. 144 — Pallatanga; idem, I.e., 1860, p. 93 — Nanegal; idem, Cat. Coll. Amer. Birds, p. 213, 1862 — part, Pallatanga; BERLEPSCH and TAC- ZANOWSKI, P. Z. S. Lond., 1884, p. 296 — Surupata and Chaguarpata (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH, I.e., 1885, p. 120 — Pallatanga. Mionectes olivaceus (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH, P. Z. S. Lond., 1885, p. 115 — Surupata and Chaguarpata; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 112, 1888 — part, spec, k-m, Pallatanga; HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 5, p. 487, 1898 — Chimbo (spec, examined); SALVADORI and FESTA, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 6, 1899 — Rio Peripa and Niebli (crit.); GOODFELLOW, Ibis, 1901, p. 704 — part, San Nicolas, Gualea and Canzacotab (spec, examined); MENE- GAUX, Miss. Serv. gebgr. Mes. Arc MeYid. fiquat., 9, p. 653, 1911 — Santo Domingo. Mionectes striaticollis hederaceus (not of BANGS) LONNBERG and RENDAHL, Ark. Zool., 14, No. 25, p. 73, 1922 — Gualea. • Mionectes striaticollis viridiceps CHAPMAN: Nearest to M. s. columbianus, but head and throat entirely without, or with a mere suggestion of plumbeous, the pileum being green, just a shade darker than the back, the throat green with whitish or yellowish white shaft streaks. Wing (adult male) 70, (female) 63-64; tail 52-53, (female) 48-51. This interesting form, by the absence of plumbeous about the head, approaches the type of coloration of M. olivaceus. The narrowed, acuminate second primary (from without) of the adult male, however, clearly determines its position as a mem- ber of the striaticollis group. From M. o. hederaceus, likewise found in western Ecuador, it is readily distinguished, in addition to the differently shaped second primary, by much brighter green back, conspicuous ochreous buff wing markings, much deeper yellow abdomen, and brighter green throat with narrower, more sharply defined streaks. Material examined. — Chaguarpata i, Surupata i, Chimbo (1000 ft.) i, Gualea i, El Chiral 2, above Zaruma 3, "Pichincha" 2, Pallatanga i, "Papallacta" 3. b Goodfellow's specimens in the Tring Museum are partly labelled "Pichincha," others — ^without question erroneously — "Papallacta." One of the "Pichincha" examples is referable to M. o. hederaceus. 494 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Range: Western Ecuador (except Prov. Esmeraldas), chiefly in the Subtropical Zone. *Mionectes olivaceus* olivaceus Lawrence. OLIVACEOUS MIONECTES. Mionectes olivaceus LAWRENCE, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 9, p. in, 1868 — Barranca and Dota, Costa Rica; SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1870, p. 196 — Calovevora, Chitra, Boquete de Chitra, and Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama; SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 112, 1888 — part, spec, a-j, Costa Rica, Veragua, Chiriqui, Lion Hill, Panama; SALVIN and GOD MAN, Biol. Centr.- Amer., Aves, 2, p. 22, 1888 — part, Costa Rica and Panama; BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 35, 1902 — Boquete, Panama. Mionectes olivaceus olivaceus RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 461, 1907 — Costa Rica and Panama (monog.); CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, p. 711, 1910 — La Lagunaria de Dota, Cariblanco de Sarapiqui, Carrillo, Cerro de Santa Maria, Azahar de Cartago, La Hondura, Juan Vinas, Costa Rica; STONE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 265 — Gatun. Range : Tropical Zone of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui ; Veragua; Canal Zone)b. 2: Costa Rica (Juan Vinas i, unspecified i). *Mionectes olivaceus hederaceus Bangs0. BANGS'S MIONECTES. Mionectes olivaceus hederaceus BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, p. 73, 1910 — Pavas (type) and Rio Bitaco, Western Andes of Colombia; HELLMAYR, P. Z. S. Lond., 1911, p. 1131 — San Joaquim (Bahia del Choco) and N6vita, Colombia; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, p. 448, 1917 — Novita Trail, Juntas de Tamana, San Jos6, Los Cisneros, Las Lomitas, Cocal, Bar- bacoas, and Puerto Valdivia, lower Cauca; BANGS and B ARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 218, 1922 — Mount Sap6, Darien; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 118, p. 10, 1924 — Mindo, Naranjo (Prov. Guayas), Las Pifias, Alamor Range, Ecuador. Mionectes olivaceus (not of LAWRENCE) HARTERT, Nov. Zool., 9, p. 607, 1902 — Lita and Paramba, Prov. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (spec, examined). • The adult male of M. olivaceus and its races differs from the M . striaticollis group in the shape of the second primary (from without) which, instead of being gradually attenuated and acuminate, is conspicuously expanded and rounded at the tip, while there is a long, deep subapical incision terminated basally by an abrupt notch on the inner web of the feather. b A single specimen from Veragua (Boquete de Chitra) agrees with a series from Costa Rica and three from Boquete (Chiriqui). No material seen from the Canal Zone of Panama. c Mionectes olivaceus hederaceus BANGS: Nearest to M. o. olivaceus, but upper parts much darker, less yellowish green; pileum darker; streaking of throat and breast wider and more pronounced; abdomen much paler yellow; pale basis to lower mandible more distinct. Material examined. — Boca de Calima, Rio San Juan 2, San Joaquim 2, N6vita 5, Barbacoas i. Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Paramba 12, Bulun 2, Lita i, Cachyjacu i; "Pichincha" i, "Quito" i; Las Pifias, Alamor Range i; Naranjo, Prov. Guayas i. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 495 Range: Eastern Panama (Tacarcuna, Mt. Sapo, Darien), south through Pacific Colombia (including the lower Cauca Valley) to west- ern Ecuador". 2: Colombia (Barbacoas i); Ecuador (Bulun i). Mionectes olivaceus pallidus Chapman*. PALLID MIONECTES. Mionectes olivaceus pallidus CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, p. 177, 1914 — Buena vista, above Villa vicencio, base of Eastern Andes, Colombia; idem, I.e., 36, p. 448, 1917 — Buenavista. Range: Tropical Zone of eastern Colombia (Buenavista, above Villavicencio ; also in native Bogota collections). *Mionectes olivaceus fasciaticollis Chapman". PERUVIAN MIONECTES. Mionectes olivaceus fasciaticollis CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 67, p. 9, 1923 — Tulumayo, Vitoc Valley, Peru (type) and Zamora, Ecuador. Mionectes striaticollis (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) TACZANOWSKid, P. Z. S. Lond., 1874, P- 435 — part, Monterico (spec, in Warsaw Museum examined); idem, I.e., 1882, p. 19 — part, Huambo (spec, in Warsaw Museum examined); idem, Orn. Pe>., 2, p. 245, 1884 — part, descr. "juv.", Monterico, Huambo; BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANNd, P. Z. S. Lond., 1896, p. 362 — part, " d" juv.," La Gloria, Vitoc (spec, in Warsaw Museum examined); SALVADOR! and FESTAd, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, 14, No. 362, p. 6, 1899 — part, Rio Zamora and Gualaquiza (spec, examined). Mionectes olivaceus (not of LAWRENCE) BERLEPSCH and STOLZMANN, Ornis, 13, p. 112, 1906 — Huaynapata, Marcapata (spec, in Warsaw Museum examined). • While apparently quite common in Prov. Esmeraldas, this species seems to be of rare occurrence in the more southerly districts of western Ecuador. We have seen as yet only one each from "Pichincha, Naranjo, and even as far south as Las Pinas (Alamor Range), Prov. Loja. F. M. Chapman records two additional specimens from Mindo. b Mionectes olivaceus pallidus CHAPMAN: Nearly allied to M. o. hederaceus, but the throat and foreneck, instead of being longitudinally streaked with dull olive green and pale yellow, are light olive yellow, irregularly freckled and barred with dark olive (not unlike M. o. galbinus); the breast and abdomen deeper yellow; the upper parts brighter green, with the pUeum rather darker, and the ochraceous markings on the wing coverts as a rule deeper in tone. Wing (male) 69-71; tail 53-55. Material examined. — Buenavista i, "Bogota" 6. 0 Mionectes olivaceus fasciaticollis CHAPMAN: Exceedingly close to M. o. pallidus, but pileum not so dark, almost uniform with the back, and abdomen generally some- what richer yellow. I cannot perceive any difference in the markings of the throat between this and the preceding form, and feel rather doubtful about its validity. Material examined. — Peru: Yahuarmayo, Carabaya 2; Huaynapata, Marca- pata i ; Monterico, Ayacucho i ; La Gloria, Vitoc i, San Ramon, Junin i ; Huachipa 5, Chinchao, Huanuco i; Huambo i. Ecuador: Zamora 2, "Rio Napo" i. d The authors cited above considered the specimens of M. o. fasciaticollis to rep- resent the immature plumage of "striaticollis, as reexamination of their respective material revealed. 496 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mionectes olivaceus pallidus (not of CHAPMAN) HELLMAYR, Arch. Naturg., 85, A, Heft 10, p. 51, 1921 — Yahuarmayo, Carabaya (crit.). Range: Tropical and lower Subtropical Zone of Peru (south to Carabaya) and eastern Ecuador. 7: Peru (Huachipa 5, Chinchao, Dept. Huanuco i; San Ramon, Dept. Junin i). Mionectes olivaceus galbinus Bangs': SANTA MARTA MIONECTES. Mionectes olivaceus galbinus BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 3, p. 85, 1902 — La Concepcion, Santa Marta Mts., Colombia; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 21, p. 278, 1905 — Santa Marta region; TODD and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 357, 1922 — Valparaiso [ = Cincinnati], Las Taguas, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Las Vegas, San Lorenzo, and Don Diego. Mionectes olivaceus (not of LAWRENCE) BANGS, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, p. 158, 1898 — Pueblo Viejo; ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13, p. 149, 1900 — Minca, Onaca, Valparaiso, and El Libano. Range : Subtropical Zone of the Santa Marta Mountains, Colombia. *Mionectes olivaceus venezuelensis Ridgwayb. VENEZUELAN MION- ECTES. Mionectes olivaceus venezuelensis RIDGWAY, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, p. 116, 1906 — Guacharo, Bermudez, Venezuela; HELLMAYR and SEILERN, Arch. Naturg., 78, A, Heft 5, p. 77, 1912 — Cumbre de Valencia and Cumbre Chi- quita, Carabobo; CHAPMAN, Amer. Mus. Novit., 191, p. 9, 1925 — Trinidad, Bermudez. • Mionectes olivaceus galbinus BANGS: Nearest to M. o. pallidus, but upper parts much brighter and more yellowish green, the pileum greener; edges to upper wing coverts less conspicuous; lower surface much richer yellow, throat also more yellow- ish, though similarly marked. Wing (male) 69-70, (female) 63-65; tail 56, (female) 50-52. Material examined. — La Concepcion i, El Libano i, Valparaiso 4. b Mionectes olivaceus venezuelensis RIDGWAY: Somewhat intermediate between pallidus and galbinus; differing from the former by brighter green upper parts, less distinct wing markings, and deeper yellow under surface; from the latter by less yellowish green back, duller crown and sides of head, and decidedly paler yellow abdomen. The throat is narrowly streaked with yellowish rather than barred or freckled with olive. Wing (male) 67-73, (female) 61-66; tail 55-60, (female) 50-54. Birds from Trinidad are identical with a series from Bermudez and the Caracas region, while those from MeYida and Paramo de Tama, by the markings of the throat and more distinct buffy edges to the wing coverts, often show a slight approach to pallidus. Material examined. — Trinidad: Aripo (2000 to 2200 ft.) 9. Venezuela, Bermu- dez: Los Palmales 5, Campos Alegre Valley i, La Tigrera i, hills of Quebrada Secca 2, La Montana del Guacharo i. Dept. Federal Occidental: Galipan, Cerro del Avila 1 6, Lpma Redonda 7. Carabobo: Cumbre de Valencia 4, San Esteban i, Cumbre Chiquita i. Merida: El Valle 4, Escorial 7, Lagunillas i, El Pantano i, Merida 4. Colombia: Paramo de Tama 3. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 497 Elania striaticollis (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) LEOTAUD, Ois. Trinidad, p. 238, 1866 — Trinidad. Mionectes striaticollis SCLATER and SALVIN, P. Z. S. Lond., 1868, p. 628 — San Esteban. Mionectes olivaceus (not of LAWRENCE) SCLATER, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 14, p. 112, 1888 — part, spec, t, u, San Esteban; CHAPMAN, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 38, 1894 — Trinidad; PHELPS, Auk, 14, p. 365, 1897 — Carip6, Bermudez. Range: Subtropical Zone of Trinidad and northern Venezuela, from Bermudez to the Colombian line (Paramo de Tama). 5: Venezuela (Maracay, Aragua i; Nevados, Me"rida i); Colombia (Paramo de Tama 3). Genus PIPROMORPHA Gray. Pipromorpha GRAYb, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Birds, p. 146, 1855 — type Muscicapa olea- ginea LICHTENSTEIN. *Pipromorpha oleaginea oleaginea (Lichtenstein) . OLEAGINOUS PIP- ROMORPHA. Muscicapa oleaginea LICHTENSTEIN, Verz. Dubl. Berliner Mus., p. 55, 1823 — Bahia (type in Berlin Museum examined). Muscicapa chloronotus LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY", Syn. Av., i, in Mag. Zool., 7, p. 51, 1837 — Yuracares, Bolivia (types in Paris Museum examined); HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 32, p. 179, 1925 (crit.). Pipromorpha oleaginea wattacei CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 301, 1919 — Pard (type in British Museum examined). Pipromorpha oleaginea hauxwelli CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 302, 1919 — Pebas, Peru (type examined). Pipromorpha oleaginea chapmani CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 302, 1919 — " Villa vicencio to Medina," Colombia (type examined). Mionectes oleagineus PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 104, 1868 — part, Engenho do Gama (Matto Grosso), Marabitanas, Barcellos, and Barra [ = Mandos], Rio Negro (spec, in Vienna Museum examined); BERLEPSCH, Zeits. ges. Orn., 4, p. 184, 1887 — Bogota (spec, examined); BERLEPSCH and HARTERT, Nov. • This genus is doubtfully separable from Mionectes, the only difference of impor- tance consisting in the shape of the second primary (from without), as correctly pointed out by W. E. C. Todd. This author having presented us with a thorough revision of this group (Prpc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 173-192, 1921), it has been deemed unnecessary to go into details as regards synonymy. Besides all original descriptions, only a few references have been quoted, while for a complete bibliogra- phy the reader is referred to Mr. Todd's paper. b Pipromorpha BONAPARTE (Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., (4) i, p. 134, 1854 — ex SCHIFF MS.) is a nomen nudum. 0 Muscicapa chloronotis (sic) LESSON (Traite" d'Orn., p. 392, 1831), quoted by Lafresnaye and D'Orbigny, is a nomen nudum. 498 FIELD MUSEUM OP NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Zool., 9, p. 41, 1902 — Nericagua, Rio Orinoco, and Suapure, La Pricion, Nicare, and La Union, Caura, Venezuela (spec, examined). Mionectes oleagineus oleagineus HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 17, p. 292, 1910 — Calama and Jamarysinho, Rio Madeira (spec, reexamined) ; idem, Abhandl. math, phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 106, 1912 — Faz. Nazareth, Mexiana (spec, reexamined). Pipromorpha oleaginea oleaginea and P. o. chloronota TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 181, 182, 1921 (monog.). Range: Northern and central Brazil, south to Bahia and Matto Grosso (Engenho do Gama, Rio Guapore") ; French, Dutch, and British Guiana; Venezuela (Orinoco-Caura basin); eastern Colombia (Rio Caqueta; Rio Putumayo; Villavicencio ; "Bogota"); eastern Ecuador (Sarayacu); eastern Peru; northern and eastern Bolivia". 8: Brazil (Sao Amaro, Bahia 2; Sao Luiz, Maranhao i; Serra da Lua, near Boavista, Rio Branco i); Venezuela (La Vuelta, Caura i); Bolivia (Rio Espirito Santo 2, mouth of Rio San Antonio i). ^Pipromorpha oleaginea pallidiventris (Hellmayr)b. PALE -BELLIED PIPROMORPHA. Mionectes oleagineus pallidiventris HELLMAYR, Nov. Zool., 13, p. 22, 1906 — San Antonio, Bermudez, Venezuela (type); Caparo and Valencia, Trinidad; Castare, Tobago. • I am unable to discover any tangible difference between ten specimens from Bahia (oleagineus) and a considerable series from Amazonia (chloronotus). Birds from Upper Amazonia (including the types of chapmani and hauxwelli) appear to me inseparable from others taken in Bolivia and on the Brazilian Amazon. By reexam- ination of the respective types I have ascertained that all the names given in the above synonymy refer to the species with ochraceous apical edges to the secondaries and upper wing coverts. Material examined. — Brazil: Bahia (trade skins) 7, Bahia (the type) i, Sao Amaro, Bahia 2; Sao Luiz, Maranhao i; Para i; Sao Antonio do Prata, Para 2; Mexiana 2 ; Manaos i ; Barcellos, Rio Negro i ; Marabitanas, Rio Negro i ; Calama, Rio Madeira 4; Engenho do Gama, Matto Grosso i. Bolivia: Yuracares (types of M. chloronotus) 2, Rio Espirito Santo i, mouth of Rio San Antonio i, Songo i. Peru: upper Ucayali 2, Pebas 2, Rio Tigre i. Ecuador: Sarayacu i. Colombia: Cuembi, Rio Putumayo i, "Bpgotd" 6, Villavicencio to Medina i. Venezuela: Nericagua i, Caura 5. British Guiana (various localities) 8. b Pipromorpha oleaginea pallidiventris (HELLMAYR) : Closely similar to P. o. oleaginea, but somewhat paler, less ochraceous below, with less olivaceous shading on throat and breast; upper parts on average paler olive green. This rather unsatisfactory race appears to be restricted to the northeastern section of Venezuela and the neighboring islands. A large series from Trinidad is absolutely identical with mainland specimens. Birds from Tobago do not seem to be separable either, only one (out of five fresh skins) differing by slightly more greenish throat and rather darker abdomen. The types of P. o. tobagoensis are old soiled skins, which accounts for their unusually dark coloration. Material examined. — Venezuela: Bermudez (San Antonio, Campos Alegre, etc.) 7. Trinidad: Caparo 3, Carenage 10, Chaguaramas i, Santa Cruz i, Aripo i. Tobago 8. 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 499 Pipromorpha oleaginea tobagoensis CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 302, 1919 — Tobago (type examined). Pipromorpha oleaginea pallidiventris TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 185, 1921 (monog.). Range: Northeastern Venezuela, in State of Bermudez (hinterland of Cumana), and the Islands of Trinidad and Tobago. i : Tobago. Pipromorpha oleaginea parca (Bangs)*. BANGS'S PIPROMORPHA. Mionectes oleagineus parcus BANGS, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Cl., 2, p. 20, 1900 — Loma del Leon, Panama. Pipromorpha oleaginea parca RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 457, 1907 (monog.); TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 186, 1921 (monog.); idem, and CARRIKER, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, p. 358, 1922 — Bonda, Buritaca, Mamatoco, La Tigrera, Las Vegas, Minca, and Don Diego, Santa Marta region; BANGS and BARBOUR, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, p. 218, 1922 — Mt. Sap6, Rio Esndpe, and Jesusito, Darien. Range: Tropical Zone of northern Colombia, south to the Cauca and Magdalena valleys, and eastern Panama (Darien; Panama Railroad; Pearl Islands). *Pipromorpha oleaginea pacifica Toddb. PACIFIC PIPROMORPHA. Pipromorpha oleaginea pacifica TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 187, 1921 — Bucay, Guayas, southwestern Ecuador. Range: Tropical Zone of western Ecuador, from Esmeraldas south to Chimbo. i: Ecuador (Pambilar, Prov. Esmeraldas i). ^Pipromorpha oleaginea dyscola (Bangs}0. COSTA RICAN PIPROMORPHA. • Pipromorpha oleaginea parca (BANGS) differs from P. o. pallidiventris by de- cidedly paler, more buffy yellow under parts, and lighter rump and tail. Nineteen specimens from Colombia (Santa Marta) and Panama examined. b Pipromorpha oleaginea pacifica TODD: Nearest to P. o. parca, but upper parts brighter, more yellowish green, the rump tinged with buffy; abdomen still paler, more yellowish, less buffy. Wing (male) 65, (female) 58-60; tail 52, (female) 45-47. In the light-colored abdomen this form approaches P. o. dyscola, but lacks the greenish tinge on throat and foreneck, and is much brighter green above while the larger upper wing-coverts are distinctly margined with ochraceous. Material examined.— Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas: Pambilar i, Carondelet i; Chimbo i. 0 1 have not the slightest doubt that the Central American races are conspecific with P. oleaginea. While intergradation is admittedly not complete, they agree in possessing distinct yellowish apical edges on the secondaries, but may be distinguished by lacking the pale markings on the wing coverts, duller upper parts, and much more greenish throat. 500 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. Mionectes assimilis dyscolus BANGS, Auk, 18, p. 362, 1901 — Divala, western Panama. Pipromorpha assimilis dyscola RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 455, 1907 — part, western Costa Rica and Panama (monog.); TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 188, 1921 — Pacific slope of Costa Rica to Panama (monog.). Range: Pacific slope of Costa Rica and western Panama (Chiriqui; (?) Veragua). 3: Costa Rica (Boruca i, El General i); Panama (Boquete, Chiri- qui i). *Pipromorpha oleaginea assimilis (Sclater). MEXICAN PIPROMORPHA. Mionectes assimilis SCLATER, P. Z. S. Lond., 27, p. 46, 1859 — Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Mionectes semischistaceus CHERRIE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 15, p. 27, 1892 — Guayabal, Costa Rica (type in U. S. National Museum examined"). (?) Pipromorpha assimilis obscura DICKEY and VAN ROSSEM, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, p. 133, 1925 — San Salvador15. Pipromorpha assimilis assimilis RIDGWAY, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 50, Part 4, p. 454, 1917 — southern Mexico to Honduras (monog.); TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 189, 1921 — southern Mexico to eastern Costa Rica (monog.). Range: Southern Mexico (in states of Vera Cruz and Tabasco) and south through Guatemala, British Honduras, Honduras, and Nicaragua to eastern Costa Rica. 8: Guatemala (Patulul, Solola i, Coban i); Nicaragua (San Emilis, Lake Nicaragua 3) ; Costa Rica (El Hogar i , Siquirres i , Old Harbor, Talamanca i). *Pipromorpha macconnelli0 macconnelli Chiibb. MACCONNELL'S PIP- ROMORPHA. • Mr. W. E. C. Todd (I.e., p. 191) is no doubt correct in pronouncing the type to be an abnormally colored individual of the ordinary form occurring in eastern Costa Rica. b The authors have yet to prove that the unique type represents anything more than an intergrade between assimilis and dyscola which in many cases are hard enough to distinguish. 0 Pipromorpha macconnelli chiefly differs from P. oleaginea by lacking the buffy edges to the wing coverts and inner secondaries which, on their exposed portion, are but little duller (citrine) than the olive green back. Representatives of this bird, until recently confused with its ally, are associated with races of P. oleaginea throughout a large section of its range. Unless regarded as of specific value, the differences could only be explained as constituting dimorphic forms of a single systematic unit. Against this theory, however, speaks the fact that the plain-winged type (macconnelli) is unknown in Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago, Brazil north of the Amazon, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia. The late Charles Chubb, when describing P. o. macconnelli, did not realize the significance of the wing pattern. An inspection, in the McConnell collection, now 1927. BIRDS OF THE AMERICAS — CORY-HELLMAYR. 501 Pipromorpha oleaginea macconnelli CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 303, 1919 — Camacabra Creek, British Guiana (type in British Museum exam- ined); idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 170, 1921 — part. Pipromorpha macconnelli macconnelli TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 178, 1921 — French and British Guiana and adjacent northern Brazil (monog.). Range: British and French Guiana and adjacent northern Brazil (upper Rocana). 2: British Guiana (Hyde Park, Demerara River 2). Pipromorpha macconnelli roraimae Chubb*. RORAIMA PIPROMORPHA. Pipromorpha oleaginea roraimae CHUBB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9) 4, p. 303, 1919 — Roraima (type) and Merume" Mts., British Guiana (type examined); idem, Birds Brit. Guiana, 2, p. 172, 1921 — same localities. Range: Mountain ranges of British Guiana (Roraima, Merume' Mts.). ^Pipromorpha macconnelli amazona Toddb. AMAZONIAN PIPROMORPHA. Pipromorpha macconnelli amazona TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 179, 1921 — Buenavista, near Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. Mionectes oleagineus (not of LICHTENSTEIN) PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 104, 1868 — part, Borba, Rio Madeira (spec, examined). Mionectes oleagineus oleagineus (errore) HELLMAYR, Abhandl. math. phys. Kl. Bayr. Ak. Wiss., 26, No. 2, p. 22, 1912 — Peixe-Boi, Para (spec, reexamined). Range: Northern Brazil, south of the Amazon east to Para, and eastern Bolivia. in the British Museum, of the thirty-two specimens referred to this form disclosed that only two-thirds of the material belonged to macconnelli, while the remainder have to be ranged under P. o. oleaginea. Fortunately, however, the marked type of P. macconnelli, from Camacabra Creek, is an extremely characteristic individual of the plain-winged form to which the name had been applied by Mr. Todd. Material examined. — British Guiana (including the type) 24. French Guiana: Cayenne i, Saint Jean du Maroni i. a Pipromorpha macconnelli roraimae CHUBB: Similar to P. m. macconnelli, but more richly colored, the back being of a fresher olive green ,with the edges of the wing- and tail-feathers dull orange citrine; the abdomen of a deeper, yellow ocher tinge; the throat and chest more strongly shaded with citrine. Wing (male) 63-64, (female) 59; tail 46-51; bill 11^-13. This intensely colored form evidently replaces typical macconnelli in the moun- tainous districts of British Guiana. Material examined. — British Guiana: Roraima (including the type) 3, Merume' Mts. 2. b Pipromorpha macconnelli amazona TODD : Very similar to P. m. macconnelli, but under parts brighter, the abdomen light buffy orange yellow, somewhat darker on the crissum. Material examined. — Brazil: Peixe-Boi, Pard i, Benevides 6, Ourem i; Borba, Rio Madeira i. Bolivia: Buenavista 2, Rio Espirito Santo i, Tres Arroyos i. 502 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XIII. 2: Bolivia (Rio Espirito Santo, mouth of Rio San Antonio i, Tres Arroyos i). *Pipromorpha rufiventris (Cabanis)*. RUFOUS-BELLIED PIPROMORPHA. Mionectes rufiventris CABANIS in Tschudi, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 148, note, 1846 — Brazil (type in Berlin Museum examined); PELZELN, Orn. Bras., 2, p. 104, 1868 — Rio de Janeiro, Registo do Sai (Rio), Ypanema (Sao Paulo), Curytiba (Parana) (spec, examined); HELLMAYR, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bay., 12, p. 134, 1915 — Braco do Sul, near Victoria, Espirito Santo (crit.). Muscipeta chloronotos (not of LAFRESNAYE and D'ORBIGNY) PUCHERAN, Arch. Mus. Paris, 7, p. 335, 1855 — Brazil, coll. Delalande=Rio de Janeiro (type in Paris Museum examined). Hemitriscus barbarenae BERTONI, Av. Nuev. Parag., p. 124, 1901 — Alto Parand, Paraguay. Pipromorpha rufiventris TODD, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, p. 176, 1921 (monog.). Range: Wooded region of southeastern Brazil, from Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro to Rio Grande do Sul, and adjacent districts of Paraguay and Argentina (Misiones) b. 2 : Brazil (Sao Sebastiao, Sao Paulo i) ; Argentina (Puerto Segundo, Misiones i). s Pipromorpha rufiventris (CABANIS) : Resembling P. macconnelli in absence of buffy wing markings, but larger, particularly with longer tail; head all round chiefly neutral gray; back duller green; posterior under parts deeper, more cinnamon color. Wing (male) 67-71, (female) 63-65; tail 57-62, (female) 54-55; bill 11-13. Material examined. — Espirito Santo: Braco do Sul i. Rio de Janeiro: Rio 4, Registo do Sai i. Sao Paulo: Ypanema 2, Sao Sebastiao 4. Argentina: Puerto Segundo, Misiones i. b Mionectes rufiventris BURMEISTER (Reise La Plata St., 2, p. 453, 1861 — Tucu- man), quoted by W. E. C. Todd, refers to Myiotheretes striaticollis pallidus BER- LEPSCH. THE LIBRARY OF THE FEB 171333 UNIVERSIH Of JLtmOlS INDEX Bold-faced type denotes names adopted in this work. abingdoni, Pyrocephalus 93 acadica, Muscicapa 209 accola, Elaenia 437 accola, Myiopagis 437 acer, Tyranniscus 476 Acrochordopus 480 acrophila, Ochthoeca 393 actiosus, Myiarchus 175 acutipennis, Hapalocercus 362 acutipennis, Pseudocolopteryx. . . . 362 Ada 67 aequatorialis, Anaeretes 373 aequatorialis, Megalophus 260 aequatorialis, Rhynchocyclus. ... 276 aequatorialis, Spizitornis 373 aequatorialis, Tolmomyias 276 aequinoctialis, Cyclorhynchus. ... 289 aequinoctialis, Rhynchocyclus 289 affinis, Elaenea 444 affinis, Suiriri 444 affinis, Tyrannula 212 agilis, Euscarthmus 378 agilis, Muscicapa 215 agilis, Uromyias 378 agraphia, Anaeretes 379 agraphia, Uromyias 379 Agriornis i albescens, Pachyrhamphus 442 albicapilla, Muscicapa 429 albicauda, Agriornis 9 albicauda, Dasycephala 9 albiceps, Elaenia 412 albiceps, Muscipeta 412 albicuia, Muscicapa 431 albicollis, Contopus 190 albicollis, Tyrannus 10,117 albidiadema, Ochthoeca 51 albidiadema, Setophaga 51 albifrons, Hapalocercus 345 albifrons, Muscisaxicola 27 albifrons, Ptyonura 27 albigularis, Empidonax 219 albigularis, Tyranniscus 473 albilora, Muscisaxicola 23 albimentum, Muscisaxicola 30 albinucha, Pachyrhamphus 391 albinucha, Xenopsaris 391 albiventer, Fluvicola 82 albiventer, Muscicapa 82,85 albiventris, Elainea 415 albiventris, Myiornis 338 albiventris, Orchilus 338 albiventris, Spizitornis 377 albi vertex, Elaenia 421 albocapillus, Platyrhyncus 262 albocinereus, Sirystes 120 albo-coronata, Serpophaga 382 albo-cristatus, Tyrannulus 382 albogrisea, Serpophaga 441 albogriseus, Lipaugus 121 albogriseus, Sirystes 121 albogriseus, Tyrannus 13 albogularis, Platyrinchus 268 albogularis, Tyrannus 105 albovittatus, Coryphotriccus 136 albovittatus, Pitangus 137 alector, Muscicapa 65 alectrura, Muscicapa 65 Alectrurus 65 Alectura 65 alleni, Pogonotriccus 346 alnorum, Empidonax 208 alpina, Muscisaxicola 27 alpina, Taenioptera 27 alticola, Cyanotis 370 alticola, Tachuris 369 altirostris, Empidochanes 224 alutus, Mecocerculus 397 amaurocephalus, Leptopogon .... 487 amazona, Pipromorpha 501 amazonicus, Euscarthmornis 314 amazonicus, Euscarthmus 314 amazonicus, Myiobius 235 amazonicus, Platyrinchus 263 ambulans, Tyrannus 98 amnicola, Sayornis 57 Anairetes 370 analis, Muscipeta 72 andecola, Agriornis 4 andecola, Pepoaza • 4 andina, Lichenops 79 andinus, Empidonax 197 andrei, Taeniotriccus 327 angustifasciata, Ochthoeca 51 angustirostris, Muscicapa 351 angustirostris, Phylloscartes 351 angustirostris, Sayornis 57 animosa, Muscicapa 102 anthracinus, Cnipolegus 70 anthracinus, Knipolegus 70 antillarum, Myiarchus 169 antillarum, Tyrannus 169 Aphanotriccus 233 apicalis, Euscarthmus 309 apicalis, Myiarchus 180 Apolites 148 apolites, Laphyctes 106 apolites, Tyrannus 105 aquatica, Sayornis 56 arausiaca, Muscicapa 190 503 5°4 INDEX ardosiaca, Tyrannula 200 ardosiacus, Myiochanes 200 arechavaletae, Elainea 415 arenacea, Ochthoeca 224 arenarum, Elainea 449 arenarum, Sublegatus 449 arequipae, Spizitprnis 375 argentinus, Empidochanes 218 argentinus, Empidonax 218 Arundinicola 85 asemus, Rhynchocyclus 278 asemus, Tolmomyias 278 asilus, Muscipeta 464 assimilis, Mionectes 500 assimilis, Myiobius 244 assimilis, Pipromorpha 500 assimilis, Pyrrhomyias 244 assimilis, Rhynchocyclus 275 assimilis, Tolmomyias 275 Atalotriccus 335 aterrimus, Knipolegus 69 atimastus, Sirystes 120 atra, Muscicapa 55 atra, Pipra 60 atrata, Muscicapa 56 atricapillus, Orchilus 339 atricapillus, Perissotriccus 339 atricaudus, Myiobius 239 atriceps, Empidonax 220 atriceps, Megastoma 131 atriceps, Myiarchus 182 atriceps, Tyrannus 55 atrifrons, Tyrannus 127 atripennis, Fluvicola 84 atrirostris, Empidonax 448 atropurpureus, Myiarchus 90 audax, Muscicapa 122 audax, Praedo 234 Aulanax 55 aurantiiventris, Mitrephanes 228 aurantiiventris, Mitrephorus 228 aurantip-atro-cristatus, Empidonomus 115 aurantio-atro-cristatus, Tyrannus. 115 aureatus, Myiobius 237 aureiventris, Myiobius 243 aureiventris, Myiotriccus 243 auriceps, Myiobius. 250 auricularis, Myiornis 337 auricularis, Platyrhynchos 337 auriflamma, Tyrannus 115 auritus, Leptopogon 486 aurora, Muscicapa 164 aurulentus, Rhynchocyclus 285 aurulentus, Tohnomyias 285 australis, Empidonax 219 australis, Myiarchus 177 australis, Taenioptera 40 axillaris, Empidonax 213 azarae, Fluvicola 19 azarae, Regulus 368 azarii, Alectura 65 bahamensis, Blacicus 204 bahamensis, Empidonax 204 bahamensis, Pitangus 156 bahamensis, Tolmarchus 156 bahiae, Empidagra 445 bahiae, Myiarchus 165 bahiae, Stigmatura 380 bahiae, Suiriri 444 bairdi, Empidonax 214 bairdi, Myiodynastes 127 bairdi, Saurophagus 127 bangsi, Myiarchus 183 barbadensis, Elaenia 408 barbarenae, Hemitriscus 502 barbata, Muscicapa 234 barbatus, Myiobius 234 barbirostris, Myiarchus 186 barbirostris, Tyrannula 186 bardus, Craspedoprion 290 bardus, Rhynchocyclus 290 beckeri, Todirostrum 307 bellicosa, Hirundinea 256 bellicosus, Tyrannus 256 bellulus, Tyrannus 64 bellus, Myiobius 248 bellus, Myiophobus 248 bentaveo, Tyrannus 131 berlepschi, Cpnopias 135 berlepschi, Mitrephanes 229 berlepschii, Myiarchus 168 berlepschi, Ochthoeca 45 berlepschi, Phyllomyias 465,480 berlepschi, Pseudotriccus 340 berlepschi, Rhynchocyclus 279 bicolor, Muscicapa 81 bif asciatus, Platyrinchus 265 bimaculata, Muscipeta 223 bimaculatus, Cnemotriccus 222 Blacicus 204 blancoi, Blacicus 206 blatteus, Pyrocephalus 92 Blechropus 67 bloxami, Sylvia 371 bogotensis, Elaenia 432 bogotensis, Habrura 366 bogotensis, Myiochanes 195 bogotensis, Tyrannula 196 boisspnneaui, Tyrannula 41 boliviana, Elaenia 406 boliviana, Muscicapara 472 bolivianus, Empidonax 209 bolivianus, Pitangus 153 bolivianus, Saurophagus 153 bolivianus, Tyranniscus 471 borbae, Rhynchocyclus 286 borbae, Tolmomyias 286 borealis, Tyrannus 189 boreus, Myiarchus 159 brachyptera, Elaenia 421 brachyrhynchus, Contopus 199 brachyrhynchus, Myiochanes. ... 199 brachytarsus, Contopus 195 bracliytarsus, Empidonax 198 INDEX 505 brachytarsus, Myiochanes 198 brachyurus, Myiarchus 161 brevicauda, Muscigralla 95 brevipennis, Habrura 365 brevipennis, Myiarchus 163 brevirostris, Cyclorhynchus 291 brevirostris, Elaenia 445 brevirostris, Muscicapa 402 brevirostris, Muscipeta 445 brevirostris, Phyllomyias 464 brevirostris, Platyrhynchus 464 brevirostris, Rhynchocyclus 291 brewsteri, Empidonax 209 browni, Elaenia 426 brunnea, Muscisaxicola 32 brunnea, Pipra 250 brunneicapillus, Microtriccus. . . . 482 brunneicapillus, Tyrannulus 483 brunneicapillus, Blacicus 206 brunneiceps, Myiarchus 183 brunneifrons, Ochthoeca 44 brunneifrons, Terenotriccus 231 brunneomarginatus, Mecocerculus 393 brunnescens, Empidonax 216 brunneus, Empidonax 216 budytoides, Culicivora 379 budytoides, Stigmatura 379 burmeisteri, Acrochordopus 480 burmeisteri, Phyllomyias 480 byronensis, Regulus 368 cabanisi, Cnemotriccus 224 cabanisi, Cnipplegus 73 cabanisi, Empidochanes 224 cabanisi, Empidonax 224 cabanisi, Knipolegus 73 Caenotriccus 342 caloptera, Formicivora 399 calopterum, Todirostrum 296 calopterus, Mecocerculus 399 Camptostoma 453 cana, Muscipeta 193 cana, Serpophaga 386 cancroma, Platyrhynchos 266 cancrominus, Platyrinchus 269 canescens, Empidonax 212 canescens, Myiochanes 197 caniceps, Elaenia 439 caniceps, Euscarthmus 305 caniceps, Megarynchus 134 caniceps, Todirostrum 305 caniceps, Tyrannula 439 cantans, Myiarchus 173 capistrata, Muscisaxicola 25 capistrata, Ptyonura 25 capitale, Todirostrum 309 capitalis, Aphanotriccus 233 capitalis, Myiobius 233 Capsiempis 354 caribaea, Muscipeta 204 caribaeus, Blacicus 204 caribbaeus, Myiarchus 180 cariboea, Tyrannula 205 carnivorus, Tyrannus 131 carolensis, Pyrocephalus 93 carolinensis, Lanius tyrannus v . . 102 cassinii, Tyrannus 104 castelnaui, Onychorhynchus 259 caucae, Camptostoma 460 caucae, Phyllomyias 467 caucensis, Pitangus 150 caudacuta, Culicivora 367 caudacuta, Muscicapa 367 caudata, Capsiempis 389 caudata, Inezia 389 caudifasciatus, Tolmarchus 157 caudifasciatus, Tyrannus 157 cayanensis, Muscicapa 138 cayanensis, Myiozetetes 138 cayennensis, Muscipeta 138 caymanensis, Elaenia 409 caymanensis, Pitangus 157 caymanensis, Tolmarchus 157 cearae, Euscarthmus 321 cearae, Phyllomyias 466 cearae, Todirostrum 299 centraUs, Ochthoeca 49 Centrites 34 Centrophanes 33 cephalotes, Myiarchus 179 Ceratotricctts 309 cervineiventris, Rhynchocyclus. . . 205 chapmani, Pipromorpha 497 cherriei, Elaenia 429 cherriei, Rhynchocyclus 277 cherriei, Tolmomyias 277 cbilensis, Elaenia 413 chilensis, Ochthoeca 30 chilensis, Pitangus i chinchorrensis, Elaenia 407 chiriquensis, Elaenia 420 chlorepiscius, Myiarchus 164 chloroleuca, Phyllooecia 349 chloronotos, Muscipeta 502 chloronotus, Muscicapa 497 chloronotus, Tyrannus 108 chrysocepbalus, Myiodynastes . . . 127 chrysocephalus, Scaphorhynchus . 127 chrysoceps, Platyrhynchus 250 chrysochloris, Muscicapa 96 chrysocrotaphum, Todirostrum. . . 294 chrysogaster, Megarynchus 133 Chrysolophus 97 chrysops, Tyranniscus 472 chrysops, Tyrannulus 472 cinchoneti, Conopias 135 cinchoneti, Tyrannus 135 cineracea, Tyrannula 202 cineraceus, Myiochanes 202 cinerascens, Camptostoma 455 cinerascens, Hylophilus 455 cinerascens, Myiarchus 160 cinerascens, Myiodynastes 129 cinerascens, Tyrannula 160 cinerea, Elaenia 440 506 INDEX cinerea, Muscisaxicola 28 cinerea, Serpophaga 385 cinerea, Xolmis 10 canereicapilla, Phyllomyias 476 cinereicapillus, Tyranniscus 475 cinereiceps, Cyclorhynchus 280 cinereiceps, Tolmomyias 280 cinereiceps, Tyranniscus 469 cinereiceps, Tyrannulus 469 cinereicollis, Euscarthmus 337 cinereifrons, Elaenia 442 cinereigulare, Oncostoma 310 cinereigulare, Todirostrum 310 cinerescens, Elaenia 410 cinereum, Tpdirostrum 297 cinereus, Cnipolegus 77 cinereus, Euscarthmus 385 cinereus, Leptopogon 385 cinereus, Myiochanes 193 cinereus, Platyrhynchus 193 cinereus, Todus 297 cinereus, Tyrannus 10 cineritius, Empidonax 213 cinnamocephala, Serphophaga 358 cinnamomea, Muscipeta 244 cinnamomea, Pyrrhomyias 244 cinnamomeiventris, Muscicapa. . . 50 cinnamomeiventris, Ochthoeca ... 50 circumcinctus, Tyrannus 117 citreola, Arundinicola 363 citrina, Muscipeta 117 citrinifrons, Ochthoeca 52 citrinopygus, Myiobius 236 climazura, Fluvicola 83 climazura, Oenanthe 83 Cnemarchus 38 Cnemotriccus 221 Cnipodectes 271 coalei, Myiarchus 181 colUngwoodi, Rhynchocyclus 285 colon, Muscicapa 60 Colonia 60 colonus, Colonia 60 colonus, Muscicapa 60 Colopterus 333 Colopteryx 333 coloreum, Todirostrum 299 Colorhamphus 400 columbiana, Muscisaxicola 27 columbianus, Knipolegus 226 columbianus, Mionectes 492 columbianus, Myiozetetes 143 columbianus, Orodynastes 37 comata, Muscicapa 67 Cometornis 329 commersonii, Muscicapa 78 complexa, Elaenia 409 congener, Lophotriccus 331 connectens, Myiarchus 184 connectens, Pseudomyiobius 341 connectens, Pseudotriccus 341 connivens, Myiozetetes 142 Conopias 134 consobrina, Ochthoeca 399 Contopus 190 cooperi, Muscicapa 189 cooperi, Tyrannula 162 Copurus 60 coronata, Muscicapa 87,258 coronata, Xolmis 14 coronatus, Onychorhynchus 258 coronatus, Platyrinchus 270 coronatus, Tyrannus 14 Coryphotriccus 136 cotta, Elaenia 433 couchii, Tyrannus 109 Craspedoprion 287 crassirostris, Tyrannus 112 crinitus, Myiarchus 159 crinitus, Triccus 303 crinitus, Turdus 159 cristata, Elaenia 419 cristata, Motacilla 333 cristata, Muscicapa 72 cristatellus, Anaeretes 382 cristatus, Blechropus 68 cristatus, Phyllomyias 467 cristatus, Todus 258 crudelis, Tyrannus 107 crypterythrus, Myiobius 254 crypterythrus, Myiophobus 253 cryptoxanthus, Myiobius 254 cryptoxanthus, Myiophobus 254 cubensis, Tyrannus 112 Culicivora 367 cunninghami, Gubernetes 64 curatus, Spizitornis 372 cursoria, Fluvicola 84 curtipes, Tyrannula 193 curvirostris, Sitta in cuzcoensis, Spizitornis 376 cyanicollis, Sylvia 454 cyanirostris, Knipolegus 72 cyanirostris, Muscicapa 72 Cyanotis 368 Cybernetes 63 Cyclorhynchus 287 delicata, Elaenia 435 Deltarhynchus 188 denigratus, Myiarchus 170 depressirostris, Contopus 198 derbianus, Pitangus 148 derbianus, Saurophagus 148 Despotes 100 despotes, Muscicapa 107 despotes, Tyrannus 107 diadema, Myiobius 53 diadema, Ochthoeca 53 difficilis, Empidonax 213 difficilis, Guracava 354 difficilis, Phylloscartes 354 dilutus, Microtriccus 483 dilutus, Platytriccus 269 dinellianus, Pseudocolopteryx. . . . 360 diops, Hemitriccus 343 INDEX 507 diops, Muscicapa 343 distinctus, Coryphotriccus 137 diversus, Leptopogon 489 dominicana, Muscicapa 85 dominicana, Xolmis 13 dominicanus, Tyrannus 13 dominicensis, Myiarchus.' 169 dominicensis, Sayornis 205 dominicensis, Tyrannula stolida, var ; 169 dominicensis, Tyrannus no dorsalis, Sylvia 34 dubius, Pyrocephalus 93 duncani, Myiodynastes 126 Dymonax 102 dyscola, Pipromorpha 499 dyscolus, Mionectes 500 ecaudatum, Todirostrum 338 ecaudatus, Perissotriccus 338 Elaenia 401 Elainopsis 402 elata, Sylvia : 477 elatus, Tyrannulus 477 elegans, Muscicapa 382,434 elegans, Vermivora 371 eminulus, Mitrephanes 229 Empidagra 442 Empidias 55 Empidochanes 246 Empidonax 206 Empidonomus 112 Entomophagus 81 Entotriccus 76 Eribates 187 erythrocercus, Myiarchus 164 erythronotos, A[nthusJ 34 erythrops, Leptopogon 490 erythroptera, Tyrannula 137 erythropterus, Lichenops 78 erythropterus, Myiozetetes 137 erythropygia, Taenioptera 38 erythropygius, Cnemarchus 38 erythrurus, Myiobius 230 erythrurus, Terenotriccus 230 euleri, Empidochanes 216 euleri, Empidonax 216 eulophotes, Lophotriccus 332 euplastus, Mecocerculus 398 Eupsilostoma 345 Euscarthmornis 311 Euscarthmus 357 examinatus, Rhynchocyclus 277 exile, Todirostrum 335 eximia, Muscicapa 345 eximius, Pogonotriccus 345 exortivus, Rhynchocyclus 279 exortivus, Tolmomyias 279 fallax, Elaenia 429 fasciata, Muscicapa 251 f asciata, Pipra 465 f asciaticollis, Mionectes 495 fasciatus, Myiarchus 69 fasciatus, Myiophobus 251 fasciatus, Phyllomyias 465 f austus, Leptopogon 489 fernandeziana, Culicivora 374 fernandezianus, Spizitornis 374 ferocior, Myiarchus 172 ferox, Muscicapa 176 ferox, Myiarchus 176 ferruginea, Hirundinea 255 ferruginea, Tyrannula 250 ferrugineiceps, Elainea 248 ferrugineus, Todus 255 filicauda, Platyrhynchus 60 finitimum, Todirostrum 300 flammiceps, Muscicapa 250 flammiceps, Myiophobus 249 flammulatus, Deltarhynchus 188 flammulatus, Hemitriccus 344 flammulatus, Myiarchus 188 flaveola, Capsiempis 355 flaveola, Muscicapa 355 flavescens, Empidonax 214 fluviatilis, Muscisaxicola 33 flavicans, Myiobius 246 flavicans, Myiophobus 246 flaviceps, Megastoma 131 flavicola, Capsiempis 357 flavidifrons, Tyrannulus 472 flavifrons, Todirostrum 296 flavifrons, Tyranniscus 472 flavigularis, Machetornis 99 flavigularis, Platyrinchus 264 flavimentum, Tyranniscus 468 flavinucha, Muscisaxicola 24 flavirostris, Anaeretes 374 flavirostris, Spizitornis 374 flaviventer, Platyrhynchus 355 flaviventre, Camptostoma 460 flaviventris, Alecturus 363 flaviventris, Blacicus 216 flaviventris, Empidonax 207 flaviventris, Leptotriccus 349 flaviventris, Muscipeta 284 flaviventris, Octhoeca 215 flaviventris, Pogonotriccus 348 flaviventris, Pseudocolopteryx 363 flaviventris, Tolmomyias 284 flaviventris, Tyrannula 207 flavi vertex, Elaenia 433 flavivertex, Muscisaxicola 24 flavocinerea, Stigmatura 381 flavo-cinereus, Phylloscartes 381 flavogaster, Elaenia 402 flavogaster, Pipra 402 flavo-olivaceus, Rhynchocyclus. . . 280 flavo-olivaceus, Tolmomyias 280 flavotectus, Rhynchocyclus 282 flavotectus, Tolmomyias 281 flavovirens, Leptopogon 352 flavovirens, Phylloscartes 351 flavus, Corvus 151 508 INDEX flavus, Craspedoprion 290 flavtis, Megarynchus 155 flavus, Rhynchocyclus 289 Fluvicola 81 forficata, Muscicapa 100 forficata, Muscivora 100 forficatus, Gubernetes 64 fortirostris, Myiarchus 172 f ortis, Agriorms 2 frantzii, Elaenia 427 fraterculus, Onychorhynchus 261 frazari, Contopus 205 fringillaris, Empidochanes 222,223 frontalis, Muscisaxicola 26 frontalis, Ochthoeca 51 frontalis, Ptyonura 26 frontalis, Sublegatus 445 frontalis, Tyranniscus 475 frontalis, Tyrannula 51 fuliginosa, Muscicapa 190 fulva, Alauda 34 fulviceps, Euscarthmus 359 fulvicrissalis, Agriornis 8 fulvifrons, Muscicapa 220 fulvifrons, Empidonax 220 fulvigularis, Myiobius 232 fulvigularis, Terenotriccus 232 fulvipectus, Cyclorhynchus 292 fulvipectus, Empidonax 212 fulvipectus, Rhynchocyclus 292 fumicolor, Ochthoeca 44 fumifrons, Saxicola 30 fumifrons, Todirostrum 303 fumigata, Ochthodiaeta 40 fumigata, Tyrannula 40 fumigatus, Myiochanes 200 fumigatus, Sayornis 57 fumigatus, Tyrannus 200 fumosus, Cnemotriccus 223 fumosus, Empidochanes 224 funebris, Copurus 61 furcata, Muscicapa 106 furcatum, Todirostrum 309 furcatus, Ceratotriccus 309 furfurosus, Myiobius 252 furfurosus, Myiophobus 252 fusca, Muscicapa 55 fuscicapilla, Colonia 61 fuscicapillus, Copurus 61 fuscata, Muscipeta 222 fuscatior, Empidochanes 225 fuscatus, Cnemotriccus 222 fuscicauda, Ramphotrigon 293 fusciceps, Empidonax 221 fusco-capilla, Muscicapa 53 fuscorufa, Ochthodiaeta 42 fuscus, Platyrhynchos 262 gabbii, Pitangus 158 gabbii, Tolmarchus 158 gaimardii, Elaenia 431 gaimardii, Muscicapara 431 galbinus, Mionectes 496 galeata, Motacilla 333 galeata, Muscicapa 68 galeatus, Colopteryx 333 Gallita 65 garretti, Muscisaxicola 25 gigas, Elaenia 418 glaber, Sublegatus 448 gloriosus, Rhynchocyclus 285 godmani, Leptopogon 346 gossii, Tyrannula 187 gracilipes, Todirostrum 303 gracilipes, Tyranniscus 475 gracilirostris, Myiarchus 180 gracilis, Elainea 422 gracilis, Empidonax 210 granadense, Todirostrum 318 granadensis, Euscarthmornis . ... 318 granadensis, Myiozetetes 145 grandis, Myiozetetes 143 grata, Elainea 435 gratiosa, Ochthoeca 54 gratiosus, Mecocerculus 54 grisea, Muscisaxicola 28 grisea, Serpophaga 386 griseiceps, Atalotriccus 336 griseiceps, Colopteryx 336 griseiceps, Euscarthmornis 313 griseiceps, Euscarthmus 313 griseiceps, Phyllomyias 466 griseiceps, Platyrinchus 263 griseiceps, Tyranniscus 466 griseigularis, Empidonax 207 griseimentalis, Rhynchocyclus 291 griseipectus, Empidonax 219 griseipectus, Euscarthmornis 315 griseipectus, Euscarthmus 315 griseocapilla, Phyllomyias 466 griseocularis, Sublegatus 445 griseogularis, Elaenia 410 griseolum, Todirostrum 307 grisescens, Rhynchocyclus 273 griseus, Empidonax 211 griseus, Todus 293 griseus, Tyrannus no gualaquizae, Pogonotriccus 346 guatimalensis, Saurophagus 148 Gubernetes 63 guianarum, Blacicus 195 guianensis, Elaenia 430 guianensis, Myiozetetes 138 guianensis, Rhynchocyclus 288 guillemini, Muscipeta 424 guirayetapa, Alecturus 66 gularis, Elainea 394 gularis, Muscicapa 316 gumia, Platyrinchus 270 Guracava 350 guttatum, Todirostrum 295 gutturalis, Tyrannus i Habrura 364 hammondii, Empidonax 210 hammondii, Tyrannula 210 INDEX 509 Hapalocercus 358 Hapalura 367 haplopteryx, Caenotriccus 342 harterti, Myiozetetes 140 hatcheri, Muscisaxicola 24 hauxwelli, Pipromorpha 497 hederaceus, Mionectes 494 heinei, Pyrrhomyias 243 helenae, Serpophaga 390 hellmayri, Mecocerculus 398 hellmayri, Myiozetetes 139 hellmayri, Sisopygis 96 hellmayri, Terenotriccus 231 helviventris, Hapalocercus 363 hemichrysus, Hypermitres 130 hemichrysus, Myiodynastes 130 Hemipenthica 10 Hemitriccus 343 Hemitriscus 343 heterogyna, Knipolegus 71 heterurus, Pyrocephalus 90 hirundinaceus, Platyrhynchus. . . . 256 Hirundinea 255 hispaniolensis, Blacicus 205 hollandi, Hapalocercus 361 holmbergiana, Elainea 461 holospodia, Taenioptera 27 Horizopus 190 huancabambae, Spizitornis 376 hudsoni, Cnipolegus 75 hudsoni, Phaeotriccus 75 Hylonax 187 Hypermitres 122 hypochlorus, Lophotriccus 331 hypoleuca, Serpophaga 387 hypospodia, Elainea 415 hypospodium, Todirostrum 308 hypoxanthus, Empidonax 207 icastus, Leptopogon 488 icterophrys, Muscicapa 96 icterophrys, Myiozetetes 143 icterophrys, Satrapa 96 icterophrys, Tyrannula 135 Ictiniscus 80 Idioptilon 328 Idiotriccus 480 ignea, Taenioptera 19 illigeri, Todirostrum 294 illigeri, Triccus 294 imberbe, Camptostoma 460 impiger, Euscarthmornis 321 impiger, Euscarthmus 321 implacens, Elaenia. 437 improbus, Tyranniscus 471 improvisa, Suiriri 443 inca, Tyrannus 115 incanescens, Muscipeta 465 inca, Leptopogon 491 incomta, Elainea 450 incomta, Phaeomyias 450 inerme, Ornithion 484 Inezia 389 inflava, Phaeomyias 452 inornata, Conopias 135 inornata, Serpophaga 384 inornatus, Colopteryx 333 inornatus, Euscarthmornis 322 inornatus, Euscarthmus 322 inornatus, Myiozetetes 136 inquietus, Myiarchus 161 inquisitor, Rhynchocyclus 284 insolens, Agriornis 5 insolens, Myiodynastes 125 insularis, Platyrinchus 266 insulicola, Empidonax 213 insulicola, Myiarchus 178 intercedens, Pyrocephalus 93 intermedia, Agriornis 5 intermedia, Inezia 390 intermedius, Craspedoprion 288 intermedius, Myiodynastes 129 intrepidus, Tyrannus 102 inzonata, Stigmatura 380 iohannis, Euscarthmornis 313 iohannis, Euscarthmus 314 irritabilis, Tyrannus 159 irupero, Tyrannus 15 irupero, Xolmis 15 jaliscensis Elaenia 438 jaliscensis, Myiopagis 438 jamaicensis, Pitangus 157 jamaicensis, Tolmarchus 157 jelskii, Ochthoeca 52 jesupi, Ochthoeca 54 joazeiro, Muscicapa 98 johnstpnei, Empidonax 216 josephinae, Euscarthmus 323 josepbinae, Microcochlearius 322 juninensis, Muscisaxicola 23 juruanum, Ornithion 457 Kaupprnis 159 keaysi, Ochthoeca 342 kittlitzi, Pyrope 9 klagesi, Rhynchocyclus 284 klagesi, Taeniotriccus 328 Knipolegus 67 lafresnayi, Cnipolegus 69 Laphyctes 102 latirostre, Todirostrum 304 latirostris, Aulanax 57 latirostris, Blacicus 206 latirostris, Euscarthmus 304 latirostris, Myiobius 206 latirostris, Sayornis 57 lawrencei, Empidonax 215 lawrencei, Muscicapa. 185 lawrenceii, Myiarchus 185 Legatus 117 legatus, Muscicapa 117 lembeyei, Muscicapa 55 INDEX lenzi, Todirostrum 326 Leptocercus 358 Leptopogon 484 Leptotriccus 349 Lepturus 358 lessoni, Octhoeca 49 Lessonia 33 leucocephala, Arundinicola 85 leucocephala, Pipra 85 leucocilla, Muscipeta 60 leucogaster, Corvus 151 leucogaster, Euscarthmus 315 leucogaster, Tyrannus 103 leucogonys, Acrochordopus 48 1 leucogonys, Tyranniscus 481' leucometopa, Ochthoeca 46 leuconota, Colonia 63 leuconotus, Copurus 63 leucophaius, Legatus 117 leucophaius, Platyrhynchos 117 leucophrys, Capsiempis 356 leucophrys, Elaenea 395 leucophrys, Fluvicola 47 leucophrys, Mecocerculus 392 leucophrys, Muscicapa 392 leucophrys, Ochthoeca 47 leucophthalmus, Renggerornis 454 leucoptera, Perspicilla 78 leucoryphus, Platyrhynchos 262 leucospodia, Elaenia 441 leucotis, Tyrannus 1 14 leucura, Agriornis 7 leucura, Serpophaga 399 libertatis, Tachuris 370 Lichenops 77 lictor, Lanius 154 lictor, Pitangus 154 limbatus, Euscarthmus 312 lippus, Spizitornis 372 litae, Myiobius 248 litae, Myiophobus 247 littoralis, Elainea 94 littoralis, Ochthornis 94 livida, Agriornis i lividus, Phyllomyias 465 lividus, Tamnophilus i longicauda, Muscicapa 64 longipennis, Muscicapa 60 longipennis, Tyrannus 80 lophotes, Elainea 419 lophotes, Knipolegus 67 Lophotriccus 328 lucaysiensis, Myiarchus 171 lucaysiensis, Tyrannula stolida, var 171 ludoviciana, Muscicapa 159 luggeri, Tyrannus 147 lugubris, Contopus 202 lugubris, Myiochanes 202 lugubris, Ochthodiaeta 41 lundii, Elainea 422 luteiventris, Elaenia 146 luteiventris, Lophotriccus 329 luteiventris, Myiodynastes 122 luteiventris, Myiozetetes 146 macconnelli, Elaenia 404 macconnelli, Lophotriccus 333 macconnelli, Pipromorpha 500 Machetornis 97 macilvainii, Elaenia 432 macloviana, Muscisaxicola 29 macloviana, Sylvia 29 maculata, Muscicapa 122 macula turn, Todirostrum 301 maculatus, Myiodynastes 122 maculatus, Todus 301 maculirostris, Muscisaxicola 31 magister, Myiarchus 162 magnanimus, Tyrannus 151 magnirostris, Capsiempis 356 magnirostris, Eribates 187 magnirostris, Tyrannula 187 magnirostris, Tyrannus 112,131 major, Pyrocephalus 89 ma.iorinus, Nuttallornis 189 margaritacea, Fluvicola 319 margaritaceiventer, Euscarthmor- nis 319 margaritaceiventer, Todirostrum. 319 marginalis, Agriornis i marginata, Muscicapa 284 marginatus, Dicrurus 80 marginatus, Myiozetetes 143 marginatus, Rhynchocyclus 281 maritima, Agriornis 6 maritima, Pepoaza 6 martinica, Elaenia 407 martinica, Muscicapa 407 martinicensis, Blacicus 206 mastacalis, Muscicapa 235 mastacalis, Myiobius 235 matutinus, Tyrannus 102,110 maximiliani, Pitangus 152 maximiliani, Saurophagus 152 Mecocerculus 392 megacephala, Tyrannula 281 megacephalus, Todus 337 megacephalus, Tolmomyias 281 Megalophus 258 Megarynchus 130 Megastoma 130 melancholicus, Tyrannus 106 melanocephalus, Todus 297 melanomystax, Poecilotriccus .... 325 Melittarchus 102 meloryphus, Euscarthmus 358 meloxantha, Muscicapa 297 mentalis, Muscisaxicola 30 mesoleuca, Elaenia 416 mesoleuca, Muscicapa 189 mesoleucus, Nuttallornis 189 mesorhynchus, Rhynchocyclus ... 291 mexicana, Muscivora 260 mexicana, Tyrannula 160 mexicanus, Megarynchus 133 INDEX mexicanus, Onychorhynchus 260 mexicanus, Pyrocephalus 92 mexicanus, Scaphorhynchus 133 mexicanus, Tyrannus 100 Microcochlearius 322 microptera, Agriornis 3 Microtriccus 482 miles, Muscicapa 98 Milvulus 100 milvulus, Tyrannus 101 minima, Elaenia. . . . ., 438 minima, Tyrannula 209 minima, Snethlagea 324 minimus, Myiopagis 438 minimus, Pachyrhamphus 365 minimus, Empidonax 209 minimus, Pyrocephalus 94 minimus, Tyranniscus 474 minor, Cnipodectes 272 minor, Empidonomus 1 16 minor, Euscarthmus 323 minor, Leptopogon 399 minor, Lophotriccus . 329 minor, Mecocerculus 399 minor, Myiochanes. 204 minor, Myiodynastes 128 minor, Snethlagea 323 minor, Xenopsaris 391 minutus, Euscarthmus 337 Mionectes 491 mirandae, Todirostrum 305 miserabilis, Perissotriccus 339 Mitrephanes 227 Mitrephorus 227 modesta, Elaenia 411 modesta, Muscipeta 445 modesta, Phyllomyia 445 modesta, Tyrannula 355 modestus, Myiobius 240 modes tus, Sublegatus 445 moesta, Muscicapa 15 monacha, Muscicapa 60 monachus, Tyrannus 101 montana, Agriornis 7 montana, Pepoaza 7 montensis, Myiopatis 395 morenoanus, Myiophthorus 67 morenoi, Muscisaxicola 43 multicolor, Todirostrum 326 munda, Serpophaga 384 murina, Elainea 401 murina, Ochthoeca 94 murina, Pepoaza 17 murina, Phaeomyias 449 murina, Xolmis 17 murinus, Platyrhynchus 449 Muscifur 159 Muscigralla 94 Muscipeta 258 Muscipipra 80 Muscisaxicola 20 Muscivora 100 musica, Tyrannula 203 Myiacleptes 134 Myiarchus 158,392 Myiobius 234 Myiochanes 190 Myiodynastes 121 Myionax : . . 159 Myiopagis 402 Myiopatis 453 Myiophila 81 Myiophobus 246 Myiophthorus 66 Myiornis 337 Myiosympotes 360 Myiotheretes 37 Myiotriccus 241 Myiozetetes 137 mystacea, Muscicapa 84 mystaceus, Platyrinchus 265 mystax, Muscicapa 84 naevia, Muscicapa 251 nanus, Pyrocephalus 93 napaeum, Camptostoma 458 napaeum, Ornithion 458 napensis, Stigmatura 380 nationi, Myiobius 249 nattereri, Euscarthmornis 315 nattereri, Euscarthmus 316 nattereri, Platyrinchus 263 neglectus, Platyrinchus 268 neglectus, Platytriccus 268 neglectus, Tyrannus 105 nelsoni, Myiarchus 162 nemoralis, Empidonax 215 nengeta, Lanius 10 Nengetus 10 Neoxolmis 39 Nesotriccus 188 nicaraguae, Mitrephanes 228 nidipendulus, Euscarthmornis. ... 311 nidipendulus, Euscarthmus 311 nigerrima, Muscicapa 68 nigerrimus, Knipolegus 68 nigrescens, Myiochanes 197 nigri, Alauda 34 nigricans, Muscicapa 78 nigricans, Sayornis 56 nigricans, Serpophaga 387 nigricans, Sylvia 387 nigricans, Tyrannula 56 nigricapillus, Myiarchus 183 nigriceps, Mecocerculus 395 nigriceps, Myiarchus 182 nigriceps, Todirostrum 294 nigrifrons, Leptopogon 487 nigrifrons, Muscisaxicola 26 nigrita, Ochthoeca 50 nigrocapillus, Tyranniscus 468 nigro-capillus, Tyrannulus 468 nigrocristatus, Anaeretes 378 nigrocristatus, Spizitornis 377 nivea, Xolmis 17 niveigularis, Tyrannus 104 512 INDEX nobilis, Myiodynastes 124 notatus, Mecocerculus 394 Notorchilus 337 nuchalis, Platyrynchos 288 nugator, Myiarchus 167 nunciola, Muscicapa 55 Nuttallprnis 189 nuttingi, Myiarchus 161 oberij Myiarchus 167 obscura, Elaenia 424 obscura, Muscipeta 424 obscura, Pipromorpha 500 obscura, Taenioptera 10 obscura, Tyrannula 211 obscurior, Myiozetetes 146 obscurior, Sublegatus 447 obscurus, Pyrocephalus 89,90 obsoleta, Muscicapa 454 obsoleta, Musciphaga 344 obsoletum, Camptostoma 454 obsoletus, Hemitriccus 344 occidentalis, Empidonax 214 occidentalis, Muscivora 260 occidentalis, Onychorhynchus 260 occidentalis, Tyrannus 109 occipitalis, Muscisaxicola 22 ochraceiventris, Mitrephorus 249 ochraceiventris, Myiophobus 248 ochraceus, Contopus 203 ochraceus, Myiochanes 203 ochropterus, Euscarthmus 304 Ochthites 95 Ochthodiaeta 40 Ochthoeca 42 Ochthornis 94 ockendeni, Knipolegus 71 ocularis, Euscarthmus 319 oenanthoides, Fluvicola 42 oenanthoides, Ochthoeca 42 oleaginea, Muscicapa 497 oleaginea, Pipromorpha 497 oliva, Muscicapa 215 olivacea, Muscicapa 47 1 olivacea, Ochthoeca 47 1 olivaceum, Camptostoma 457 olivaceum, Oncpstoma 310 olivaceum, Ornithion 457 olivaceum, Todirostrum 310 olivaceus, Mionectes 494 olivaceus, Mitrephanes 229 olivaceus, Platyrhynchos 288 olivaceus, Rhynchocyclus 288 olivascens, Myiarchus 186 olivina, Elaenia 428 omnicolor, Regulus 368 Oncostoma 310 Onychopterus 159 Onychorhynchus 258 ophthalmicus, Pogonotriccus 345 orbitalis, Capsiempis 348 orbitalis, Pogonotriccus 347 orbitatus, Euscarthmornis 312 orbitatus, Euscarthmus 312 Orchilus 328 oreas, Centrites 36 oreas, Lessonia 36 orenocensis, Cnipolegus 74 orenocensis, Knipolegus 74 orenocensis, Serpophaga 390 Oreomyias 477 Oreotriccus 477 orientalis, Ochthoeca 52 ornata, Tyrannula 241 ornatus, Myiotriccus 241 Ornithion 483 Ornithium 484 Orodynastes 37 ottonis, Pogonotriccus 347 oustaleti, Leptopogon 353 oustaleti, Phylloscartes 353 pacifica, Ochthoeca 43 pacific a, Pipromorpha 499 pacificus, Craspedoprion 291 pacificus, Myiozetetes 143 pacificus, Rhynchocyclus 290 pagana, Muscicapa 402 pallatangae, Elaenia 428 pallens, Elaenia 436 pallens, Myiopagis 436 pallens, Snethlagea 324 pallescens, Mitrephorus 220 pallescens, Myiarchus 166 pallescens, Myiochanes 194 pallescens, Rhynchocyclus 273 pallida, Serpophaga 387 pallida, Tyrannula 59 pallidiceps, Muscisaxicola 21 pallidior, Hirundinea 257 pallidiventris, Contopus 203 pallidiventris, Myiochanes 203 pallidiventris, Pipromorpha 498 pallidus, Blacicus 205 pallidus, Mionectes 495 pallidus, Myiobius 205 pallidus, Myiotheretes 38 palpebrosum, Todirpstrum 312 pammictus, Hemitriccus 353 pammictus, Phylloscartes 353 panamensis, Myiarchus 175 panamensis, Pitangus 156 panamensis, Tyrannulus 479 parambae, Elaenia 441 parambae, Serpophaga 441 parca, Pipromorpha 499 parulus, Muscicapa 370 parulus, Spitzitornis 370 parvirostris, Colorhamphus 401 parvirostris, Elaenia 414 parvirostris, Empidonomus 114 parvirostris, Megarhynchus 132 parvirostris, Myiobius 401 parvirostris, Pyrocephalus 87 parvus, Cpryphotriccus 136 parvus, Pitangus 136 INDEX parvus, Tyranniscus 470 patagonicus, Spizitornis 372 paulistus, Euscarthmornis 311 paulistus, Euscarthmus. . .- 311 paulistus, Phylloscartes 352 paulistus, Tyranniscus 461 paulus, Hapalocercus 358 paznae, Agriornis 4 pectoralis, Empidonax 210 pectoralis, Habrura 364 pectoralis, Sylvia 364 pectoralis, Todirhamphus 318 pelzelni, Elaenia 418 pelzelni, Euscarthmus 319 pelzelni, Myiarchus 171 pelzelni, Pseudotriccus 340 penardi, Todirostrum 304 peninsulae, Contopus 192 peninsulae, Myiochanes 192 Pepoaza 10 pepoaza, Tyrannus 10 Perissotriccus 338 perniz, Ochthodiaeta. 42 perplexus, Empidonax 213 Perspicilla 77 perspicillata, Lichenops 77 perspicillata, Motacilla 77 pertinax, Contopus 203 pertinax, Myiarchus 160 pertinax, Myiochanes 203 peruanus, Cnemotriccus 226 peruanus, Empidochanes 226 peruviana, Tyrannula 147 peru vi anus, Leptopogon 488 peruvianus, Myiobius 238 peruvianus, Poecilotriccus 327 peruvianus, Tolmomyias 276 petersi, Tyranniscus 471 phaenoleuca, Muscicapa 101 phaeocephalus, Myiarchus 174 phaeocercus, Mitrephanes 228 phaeocercus, Mitrephorus 228 Phaeomyias 449 phaeonotus, Myiarchus 174 Phaeotriccus 75 phoebe, Muscicapa 55 phoebe, Sayornis 55 phoenicomitra, Myiobius 247 phoenicomitra, Myiophobus 247 phoenicura, Tyrannula 243 phoenicurus, Myiotriccus 242 Phoneutria 255 Phyllomyias 463 Phyllooecia 349 Phylloscartes 350 pica, Fluvicola 81 pica, Muscicapa 81 picata, Muscicapa 13 picatum, Todirostrum 309 pictum, Todirostrum 295 pilaris, Atalotriccus 335 pilaris, Colopterus 335 pileata, Muscicapa 215 pileatus, Contopus 193 pileatus, Euscarthmus 330 pileatus, Leptopogon 490 pileatus, Lophotriccus 330 pipiri, Tyrannus 102 Pipromorpha 497 pitangua, Megarynchus 130 Pitangus 148 pitangva, Lanius 130 piurae, Ochthoeca 46 placens, Elaenia 437 Placostomus 262 Planchesia 190 platurus, Platyrhynchos 60 platyrhyncha, Phyllomyias 445 platyrhynchos, Platyrinchus 262 platyrhynchos, Todus 262 platyrhynchus, Myiarchus 185 Platyrinchus 261 Platytriccus 262 plebeius, Contopus 192 plumbeiceps, Euscarthmornis. ... 316 plumbeiceps, Oreotriccus 477 plumbeiceps, Pogonotriccus 477 plumbeiceps, Todirostrum 316 plumbeipes, Hapalocercus 488 plumbeum, Todirostrum 297 plumulosus, Regulus 371 poecilocerca, Serpophaga 398 poecilocercus, Empidochanes 76 poecilocercus, Mecocerculus 398 poecilocercus, Phaeotriccus 76 poecilonota, Colonia 62 poecilonotus, Copurus 62 poecilotis, Leptopogon 347 poecilotis, Pogonotriccus 347 Poecilotriccus 325 poecilurus, Cnemotriccus 225 poecilurus, Empidochanes 226 Pogonotriccus 345 poliocephalum, Todirostrum 296 poliocephalus, Leptopogon 486 police ephalus, Mionectes 491 poliocephalus, Rhynchocyclus. ... 283 poliocephalus, Todus 296 poliocephalus, Tolmomyias 282 poliogastra, Ochthoeca 50 polionota, Ochthoeca 43 polioptilus, Myiochanes 202 poliosoma, Agriornis 8 pollens, Agriornis 9 polyglotta, Muscicapa 10 Polystictus 364 portovelae, Myiobius 239 Praedo 233 Prospoietus 391 Psalidura 66 psalura, Muscicapa 66 Pseudocolopterus 360 Pseudocolopteryx 360 pseudogillia, Platyrhynchus 84 Pseudomyiobius 340 Pseudotriccus 340 INDEX Ptyonura 20 pudica, Elaenia 426 pulchella, Ochthpeca 53 pule helium, Todirostrum 296 pulcher, Myiobius 248 pulcher, Myiophobus 248 pullata, Muscicapa 80 pullata, Planchesia 190 pulverius, Empidonax 212 punensis, Contopus 197 punensis, Myiochanes 197 pusilla, Tyrannula 209 pus ilium, Camptostoma 459 pusillum, Eupsilostoma 456 pusillum, Myiopatis 459 pusillus, Cnipolegus 76 pusillus, Saurophagus 155 pygmaeus, Empidonax 220 Pyrocephalus 86 Pyrope 10 pyrope, Muscicapa 19 pyrope, Xolmis 19 Pyrrhomyias 243 pyrrhophaius, Tyrannus 256 pyrrhops, Euscarthmus 318 pyrrhops, Euscarthmornis 318 pyrrhoptera, Pyrrhomyias 245 pyrrhopterus, Myiobius 245 pyrrhotis, Orchilus 337 querula, Muscicapa 190 querulus, Myiarchus 185 quiescens, Sayornis 60 Ramphotrigon 292 rapax, Muscicapa 190 regius, Megarynchus 125 regius, Todus , 258 reguloides, Culicivora 376 reguloides, Spizitornis 376 reguloides, Tyrannulus 477 reiseri, Phyllomyias 462 reiseri, Xanthomyias 462 remota, Elaenia 410 Renggerornis 454 residuus, Myiarchus 159 rex, Muscicapa 102 rhizophora, Myiochanes 198 Rhynchocyclus 287 richardsonii, Myiochanes 191 richardspnii, Tyrannula 191 ridgwayi, Empidonax 208 ridgwayi, Myiobius 241 ridgwayi, Nesptriccus 188 ridgwayi, Ornithion 461 ridleyana, Elaenia 423 riisii, Elaenia 408 risora, Muscicapa 66 risora, Yetapa 66 rixosa, Machetornis 98 rixosus, Tyrannus 98 rondoni, Myiopagis 435 roraimae, Mecocerculus 396 roraimae, Myiobius 255 roraimae, Myiophobus 254 roraimae, Pipromorpha 501 roseus, Tyrannus 106 rostratus, Platyrhynchos 262 rostratus, Todus 262 rostratus, Tyrannus in rothschildi, Idioptilon 328 rubetra, Taenioptera 18 rubetra, Xolmis 18 rubicundus, Empidonax 221 rubigastra, Sylvia. 368 rubinus, Muscicapa 86 rubinus, Pyrocephalus 86 rubricapilla, Muscisaxicola 23 rubrigastra, Tachuris 368 rufa, Alauda 34 rufa, Lessonia 34 rufescens, Muscisaxicola 32 rufescens, Myiobius 249 rufescens, Myiophobus 249 ruficapilla, Muscicapa 72 ruficapillus, Sylvia 358 ruficauda, Muscipeta 114 ruficauda, Platyrhynchus 292 ruficauda, Ramphotrigon 292 ruficaudatus, Myiarchus 170 ruficeps, Caenotriccus 342 ruficeps, Elaenia 424 ruficeps, Lepturus 358 ruficeps, Megastoma 131 ruficeps, Muscicapa 342 ruficeps, Poecilotriccus 325 ruficeps, Todirhamphus 326 rufigene, Todirostrum 326 rufigenis, Poecilotriccus 326 rufigularis, Euscarthmornis 317 rufigularis, Euscarthmus 317 rufilatum, Todirostrum 316 rufina, Muscicapa 113 rufinus, Empidonomus 113 rufi-pectoralis, Fluvicola 48 rufipectoralis, Ochthoeca 48 rufipectus, Leptopogon 490 rufipectus, Tyrannula 490 rufipennis, Cnemarchus 39 rufipennis, Muscisaxicola 39 rufipennis, Myiozetetes 139 rufipennis, Pitangus 149 rufipennis, Saurophagus 149 rufipes, Euscarthmus 319 rufiventris, Mionectes 502 rufiventris, Neoxolmis 39 rufiventris, Pipromorpha 502 rufiventris, Tyrannus 37,39 rufivertex, Muscisaxicola 20 rufogularis, Muscicapa 69 rufomarginatus, Euscarthmus. . . . 360 rufomarginatus, Hapalocercus. . . . 360 rufomarginatus, Mecocerculus 393 rufomarginatus, Myiarchus 185 rufomarginatus, Ochthoeca 393 INDEX ruf opectus, Ochthoeca 49 rufopectus, Tyrannulus 49 rupestris, Muscicapa 256 russatus, Euscarthmornis 317 russatus, Euscarthmus 317 rustica, Elainea 425 sagrae, Muscicapa 170 sagrae, Myiarchus 170 salvadorii, Phyllomyias 480 salvini, Cnemotriccus 227 salvini, Empidochanes 227 salvini, Empidonax 214 salvini, Ochthoeca 95 salvini, Tumbezia 95 sanborni, Muscisaxicola 20 sanctae-luciae, Myiarchus 168 Satellus 102 Satrapa 96 satrapa, Laphyctes 109 saturatus, Contopus 191 saturatus, Myiobius 253 saturatus, Myiophobus 253 saturatus, Platyrinchus 264 saturatus, Pyrocephalus 91 Saurophagus 148 savana, Tyrannus 101 saya, Muscicapa 59 saya, Sayornis 59 Sayornis 54 Scaphorynchus 130 schistaceiceps, Todirostrum 306 schottii, Contopus 198 schulzi, Todirostrum 308 sclateri, Anaeretes 361 sclateri, Camptostoma 456 sclateri, Hirundinea 255 sclateri, Knipolegus 74 sclateri, Myiarchus 169 sclateri, Ornithion 457 sclateri, Phyllomyias 463 sclateri, Pseudocolopteryx 361 sclateri, Rhynchocyclus 283 sclateri, Todirostrum 300 sclateri, Tolmomyias 283 sclateri, Triccus 300 sclateri, Xanthomyias 463 scotius, Rhynchocyclus 273 secundus, Idiotriccus 480 semiatra, Muscicapa 56 semiflava, Capsiempis 357 semiflava, Elainea 357 semiflavus, Microtriccus 482 semiflavus, Myiobius 236 semiflavus, Tyrannulus 482 semifusca, Phyllomyias 450 semipagana, Elaenia 405 semirufus, Myiarchus 187 semischistaceus, Mionectes 500 Semnarchus 102 senex, Euscarthmus 309 senex, Platyrinchus 262 senex, Todirostrum 308 septentrionalis, Empidonomus.. . . 115 septentrionalis, Euscarthmornis. . 322 septentrionalis, Euscarthmus 322 Sericoptila 67 Serphophaga 382 Serpophaga 381 setophagoides, Mecocerculus 394 setpphagoides, Tyrannula 394 sibilans, Muscicapa 119 sibilator, Muscicapa 119 sibilator, Sirystes 119 signata, Ochthodiaeta 41 signatum, Todirostrum 302 similis, Muscicapa 138,141 similis, Myiozetetes 141 simplex, Caenotriccus 342 simplex, Pseudotriccus 341 Sirystes 119 Sisopygis 96 Snethlagea 323 snethlagei, Myiobius 240 solitaria, Agriornis 4 solitarius, Myiodynastes 125 solitarius, Tyrannus 125 sordidata, Elaenia 421 sordidulus, Contopus 192 sordidulus, Myiochanes 192 sordidus, Anthus 34 sordidus, Myiarchus 173 sororia, Elaenia 422 spectabilis, Elaenia 406 spiciferum, Todirostrum 333 Spizitornis 370 spodionota, Ochthoeca 53 spodiops, Euscarthmornis 312 spodiops, Euscarthmus 312 squamaecrista, F 329 squamaecrista, Lophotriccus 329 squamicristatus, Lophotriccus. . . . 329 stellatus, Myiobius 242 stellatus, Myiotriccus 242 stenura, Muscicapa 367 stictoptera, Elainia 396 stictopterus, Mecocerculus 396 Stigmatura 379 stolidus, Myiarchus 170 stolidus, Myiobius 170 stolzmanni, Elaenia •. . . . 425 straminea, Muscicapa 382 stramineo-ventris, Muscicapa .... 364 strepera, Elaenia 417 striaticeps, Entotriccus 77 striaticeps, Hapalocercus 361 striaticeps, Muscisaxicola 77 striaticolle, Todirostrum 312 striaticollis, Euscarthmornis 312 striaticollis, Mionectes 491 striaticollis, Muscicapa 491 striaticollis, Myiotheretes 37 striaticollis, Taenioptera 37 striatus, Agriornis 3 strigilata, Muscipeta 87 subbrunneus, Cnipodectes 272 INDEX subbrunneus, Cyclorhynchus 272 subcanescens, Sirystes 121 subcristata, Serppphaga 382 subcristata, Sylvia 382 subcristatus, Lophotriccus 333 subflava, Inezia 389 subflava, Serphpphaga 389 subflavum, Ornithion 460 Sublegatus 445 subniger, Copurus 61 subochraceus, Myiobius 249 subpagana, Elaenia 404 subplacens, Elaenia 439 subtropicalis, Mecocerculus 463 subtropicalis, Xanthpmyias 463 subviridis, Phyllomyias 480 successor, Legatus 117 suffusus, Myiobius 239 Suiriri 442 suiriri, Muscicapa 442 suiriri, Suiriri 442 sulphuraceus, Tyrannus 108 sulphuratus, Lanius 151 sulphuratus, Pitangus 151 sulphurea, Muscicapa 147 sulphurea, Tyrannopsis 147 sulphureipygia, Tyrannula 236 sulphureipygius, Myiobius 236 sulphurescens, Platyrhynchus . . . . 273 sulphurescens, Tplmomyias 273 superciliare, Todirostrum 306 superciliaris, Euscarthmus 367 superciliaris, Habrura 366 superciliaris, Leptoppgon 485 superciliaris, Leptotriccus 400 superciliaris, Mecocerculus 400 superciliaris, Myiobius 247 superciliaris, Myiodynastes 130 superciliaris, Myiopatis 449 superciliaris, Platyrinchus 271 superciliosa, Ochthoeca 44 superciliosa, Tyrannula 134 superciliosus, Myiobius 247 superciliosus, Myiophobus 247 surinamense, Todirostrum 301 surinamensis, Empidochanes 224 surinamensis, Myiochanes 195 swainsoni, Muscivora 260 swainsoni, Myiarchus 173 swainsoni, Onychorhynchus 259 swainsonii, Saurophagus 155 sylvestris, Sylvia 1 95 sylvia, Todirostrum 307 sylvia, Todus 307 sylyiolus, Leptotriccus 349 Syrichtha 190 Tachuris 367 taczanowskii, Elainea 440 taczanowskii, Leptopogon 490 Taenioptera 10 taenioptera, Muscicapa 10 taeniopterus, Mecocerculus 397 Taeniotriccus 327 tambillana, Elaenia 426 Tamnplanius i taylori, Pitangus 158 taylori, Tolmarchus 158 tectricialis, Ochtboeca 48 tenuirostris, Camptostoma 453 tenuirostris, Mitrephanes 227 tenuirostris, Phaeomyias 453 Terenptriccus 230 texensis, Muscicapa 144 texensis, Myiozetetes 144 Theromyias 55 thoracica, Ochthoeca 51 timidus, Empidonax 219 titiri, Tyrannus no tobagensis, Myiarchus 166 tobagoensis, Pipromorpha 499 toddi, Myiarchus 175 Todirostrum 293 Tolmarchus 156 Tolmomyias 273 traillii, Empidonax 208 traillii, Muscicapa 208 transandinus, Leptopogon 486 trepidus, Empidonax 212 tresmariae, Myiarchus 186 Triccus 294 tricolor, Alectrurus 65 tricolor, Gallita 65 tricolor, Myiarchus . 181 trinitatis, Elaenia 429 trinitatis, Pitangus 150 tristis, Leptopogon 351 tristis, Myiobius 1 86 trivirgata, Conopias 134 trivirgata, Muscicapa 134 tschudii, Tyrannula 114 tuberculifer, M}darchus 180 tuberculifer, Tyrannus 180 tucumana, Ochthoeca 47 tumbezana, Phaeomyias 452 tumbezana, Phyllomyias 452 Tumbezia 95 Tyranniscus 467 Tyrannopsis 147 Tyrannulus. . . , 477 tyrannulus, Muscicapa 163 tyrannulus, Myiarchus 163 Tyranrais 102 tyrannus, Lanius 102 tyrannus, Muscicapa 101 tyrannus, Muscivora 101 tyrannus, Tyrannus 102 unicolor, Cnipolegus 72 urichi, Mecocerculus 462 urichi, Xanthomyias 462 Uromyias 378 uropygialis, Mecocerculus 469 uropygialis, Tyranniscus 469 validus, Hylonax 187 INDEX validus, Myiarchus 187 varia, Muscicapa 113 variegata, Elaenia 119 variegata, Pepoaza 40 variegatus, Anthus 34 variegatus, Legatus 119 varius, Empidonomus 113 velata, Muscicapa 12 velata, Xolmis 12 veliei, Contopus 191 venezuelanus, Cnemotriccus 226 venezuelanus, Myiobius 247 venezuelanus, Myiodynastes 129 venezuelanus, Myiophobus 246 venezuelanus, Pogonotriccus 348 venezuelensis, Atalotriccus 336 venezuelensis, Leptopogon 486 venezuelensis, Mionectes. . . • 496 venezuelensis, Myiarchus 178 venezuelensis, Phyllomyias 463 ventralis, Muscicapa 350 ventralis, Phylloscartes 350 verticalis, Tyrannus 104 verticata, Serphophaga 382 vetula, Muscicapa 80 vetula, Muscipipra 80 vicinior, Myiodynastes 122 vicinus, Contopus 190 vieilloti, Tyrannulus 368 vieillotii, Muscipeta 244 vieillotii, Tyrannus 103 vieillotioides, Muscicapa 243 vieillotioides, Pyrrhomyias 243 vilis, Euscarthmus 343 vilissima, Elainia 470 vilissimus, Tyranniscus 470 villosus, Myiobius 238 violentus, Tyrannus 101 virens, Muscicapa 190 virens, Myiochanes 190 vireoninus, Empidochanes 224 virescens, Empidonax 207 virescens, Muscicapa 461 virescens, Phyllomyias 465 virescens, Phylloscartes 352 virescens, Platyrhynchos 207 virescens, Sublegatus 465 virescens, Xanthomyias 461 virgata, Muscicapa 251 virginea, Muscicapa 159 viridanum, Todirpstrum 301 viridescens, Empidonax 214 viridescens, Euscarthmus 345 viridicata, Elaenia 434 viridicata, Sylvia 434 viridiceps, Euscarthmornis 316 viridiceps, Euscarthmus 317 viridiceps, Mionectes 493 viridiceps, Rhynchocyclus 287 viridiceps, Tolmomyias 287 viridiflava, Elaenia 474 viridiflavus, Tyranniscus 474 viridissimus, Tyranniscus 472 vitiosus, Cometornis 332 vitiosus, Lophotriccus 332 vittigera, Muscicapa 14 vociferans, Tyrannus 103 vorax, Tyrannus in wagae, Myiopatis 452 wagae, Phaeomyias 451 wallacei, Pipromorpha 497 whitelyanus, Atalotriccus 336 whitelyi, Elaenia 420 wiedii, Elainea 445 wilcoxi, Atalotriccus 335 wrightii, Empidonax 211 wuchereri, Euscarthmornis 320 wuchereri, Euscarthmus 321 Xanthomyias 461 xanthopygus, Platyrhynchus 236 Xenopsaris 391 Xenurus 65 xinguensis, Knipolegus 74 Xolmis 10 Yetapa 66 yetapa, Gubernetes 64 yetapa, Muscicapa 64 yiperu, Muscicapa 64 yperu, Gubernetes 64 yucatanensis, Myiarchus 169 yucatanensis, Myiopagis 438 yukonensis, Sayornis 59 zamorae, Platyrinchus 267 zarumae, Myiochanes 201 zeledoni, Acrochordopus 481 zeledoni, Lophotriccus 329 zeledoni, Pogonotriccus 481 zosterops, Euscarthmornis 314 zosterops, Euscarthmus 314 zuliensis, Empidochanes 215 UK UBRARy OF THF FEB 17 19,38 OF ULINO/S