C 55.220/2-3:999 WORLD DATA CENTER for Oceanography, Silver Spring ••St*** UnifletsfcS ttKKO2 10$ CATALOGUE OF DATA and REPORT OF DATA EXCHANGE 1999 WDC-OC-00-1 World Data Centers conduct international ex- change of geophysical observations in accordance with the principles set forth by the International Council of Scientific Unions. WDCs are established in the United States under the auspices of the Na- tional Academy of Sciences. WORLD DATA CENTER for Oceanography, Silver Spring CATALOGUE OF DATA and REPORT OF DATA EXCHANGE 1999 CHANGE NOTICE NOS. 64 AND 65 (1 JANUARY - 31 DECEMBER 1999) World Data Center for Oceanography Silver Spring, Maryland 2000 ABSTRACT This publication lists and describes all data received by the WDC for Oceanography, Silver Spring, during the period 1 January - 31 Decem- ber 1999. It supplements the original six-volume Catalogue of Data, which includes Change Notice Nos. 1-16. It also includes tabulations of data received during 1999 as well as summarizations of data received prior to 1999. The types of data include oceanographic station data, bathythermograph data, current measurements, biological observa- tions, meteorological observations, and sea surface measurements. An Alphabetical Index of ship names and a Geographical Index of ocean areas assist the user in selecting the required data. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT E. Godfrey Trammell has announced his intention to retire from the Federal Service on 31 December 2000, after more than 33 years as a staff member of the World Data Center for Oceanography, Silver Spring. Compiled by Charlotte L. Sazarna E. Godfrey Trammell, Jr. u CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ii WORLD DATA CENTER iv PREFACE vi INTRODUCTION 1 HOW TO USE THE CHANGE NOTICE TO THE CATALOGUE OF DATA 2 DATA EXCHANGE POLICY OF WDC FOR OCEANOGRAPHY 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF DATA SOURCES 6 EXPLANATION OF THE ALPHABETICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL INDEXES 7 ALPHABETICAL INDEX 8 GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX 10 NUMERICAL LIST OF COUNTRIES 14 LIST OF DATA CENTER ACRONYMS 15 INDEX OF COUNTRIES AND INSTITUTIONS CONTRIBUTING DATA TO WDC FOR OCEANOGRAPHY DURING THE PERIOD 1 JANUARY - 31 DECEMBER 1999 16 EXPLANATION OF WDC FOR OCEANOGRAPHY DATA INFORMATION SHEET 17 LISTING OF ACCESSIONED DATA PUBLICATIONS 25 INTERNATIONAL DATA ACQUISITION AND EXCHANGE 29 WDC FOR OCEANOGRAPHY DATA BASE SUMMARIES 32 GODAR ACCESSIONS, 1999 38 NODC ACCESSIONS, 1999 40 DATA HOLDINGS OF RNODC's AND SPECIALIZED DATA CENTERS 47 in WORLD DATA CENTER The World Data Center consists of the Coordination Office and thirteen subcenters: World Data Center U.S.A. Coordination Office National Academy of Sciences 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418, U.S.A. - Telephone: (202) 334-2744 FAX: (202)334-1377 GLACIOLOGY (SNOW AND ICE): WDC for Glaciology, Boulder CIRES, Campus Box 449 University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado 80309, U.S.A. Telephone: (303) 492-5171 FAX: (303)492-2468 PALEOCLIMATOLOGY: WDC for Paleoclimatology National Geophysical Data Center NOAA/NGDC E/GC4 325 Broadway Boulder, Colorado 80303, U.S.A. Telephone: (303) 497-6160 FAX: (303)497-6513 ROTATION OF THE EARTH WDC for Rotation of the Earth, Washington Earth Orientation Department U.S. Naval Observatory Washington, D.C. 20392-5100, U.S.A. Telephone: (202) 762-1469 FAX: (202)762-1563 OCEANOGRAPHY: WDC for Oceanography, Silver Spring NOAA/NODC E/OC53 Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282, U.S.A. Telephone: (301) 713-3295 FAX: (301) 713-3303 METEOROLOGY: WDC for Meteorology, Asheville National Climatic Data Center NOAA, E/CC Federal Building 151 Patton Avenue Asheville, NC 28801-5001, U.S.A. Telephone: (704) 271-4474 FAX: (704)271-4246 SATELLITE INFORMATION: WDC for Satellite Information National Space Science Data Center Code 633 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A. Telephone: (301) 286-6695 FAX: (301)286-1635 IV SOLID-EARTH GEOPHYSICS (TSUNAMIS. GRAVIMETRY. EARTH TIDES. RECENT MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH'S CRUST. MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS. PALEOMAGNE- TISM AND ARCHEOMAGNETISM. VOLCANOLOGY. GEOTHERMICS): WDC for Solid Earth Geophysics, Boulder NOAA/NGDC E/GCl 325 Broadway Boulder, Colorado 80303, U.S.A. Telephone: (303)497-6521 FAX: (303)497-6513 MARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS (GRAVITY. MAGNETICS. BATHYM- ETRY. SEISMIC PROFILES. MARINE SEDIMENT AND ROCK ANALYSIS): WDC for Marine Geology and Geophysics, Boulder NOAA/NGDC E/GC3 325 Broadway Boulder, Colorado 80303-3328, U.S.A. Telephone: (303) 497-6390 FAX: (303)497-6513 ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES: SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS (SOLAR AND INTERPLANETARY PHENOMENA. IONOSPHERIC PHENOMENA. FLARE-ASSOCIATED EVENTS. GEOMAGNETIC VARIATIONS. MAGNETOSPHERIC AND INTER- PLANETARY MAGNETIC PHENOMENA. AURORA. COSMIC RAYS. AIRGLOW): WDC for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Boulder NOAA/NGDC E/GC2 325 Broadway Boulder, Colorado 80303, U.S.A. Telephone: (303)497-6761 FAX: (303)497-6513 HUMAN INTERACTIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT: WDC for Human Interactions in the Environment CIESIN/Columbia University P.O. Box 1000 61 Rt. 9W Palisades, NY 10964, U.S.A. Telephone: (914)365-8988 FAX: (914)365-8922 WDC for Atmospheric Trace Gases Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335, U.S.A. Telephone: (423) 241-4842 FAX: (423)574-2232 REMOTELY SENSED LAND DATA: WDC for Remotely Sensed Land Data U.S. Geological Survey EROS Data Center Sioux Falls, SD 57198, U.S.A. Telephone: (605)594-6142 FAX: (605)594-6589 SEISMOLOGY WDC for Seismology, Denver U.S. Geological Survey Denver Federal Center, MS-967 P. O. Box 25046 Denver, Colorado 80225-0046, U.S.A. Telephone: FAX: (303) 273-8500 (303) 273-8450 PREFACE The six-volume Catalogue of Data and the loose-leaf Change Notice Num- bers 1-16. which have been integrated into the Catalogue, list all oceanographic data received by World Data Center for Oceanography, from July 1957 through June 1975. The Catalogue has a loose-leaf arrangement of sheets, which have been punched for standard three-ring binders. It includes station location charts for many cruises. Beginning with Change Notice No. 17. each Change Notice is printed in a modified format as a separate, bound publication describing all data received dur- ing a particular six-month or one-year period. The six-volume Catalogue of Data, including Change Notice Nos. 1-16. continues to serve as a reference volume for data received from July 1957 through June 1975. Provision has been made in the modified format for correlating newly received data for a particular cruise with data previously received for that same cruise and already described in a prior Change Notice. The capability for identifying those data, which have been machine-pro- cessed by a national, regional, or responsible national oceanographic data center, has been retained in the modified catalogue format. Until recently, data gathered before the beginning of the IGY in 1957 had not been extensively accessioned by World Data Center for Oceanography; how- ever, numerous international bodies have pressed the WDCs, Oceanography to accession as much historical data as possible, in order to augment the data bases required for support of Climate Research and Global Change Programs. Thus, the acquisition of pre-IGY, as well as post-IGY data, has become a high priority goal for the WDC. The Catalogue now contains pre-IGY data accessioned by the WDC and available in automated form to requesters in the international oceanographic com- munity. The Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue (GODAR) pro- gram has generated significant contributions of historical oceanographic observa- tions from numerous countries. It should be noted that the designations of countries used in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of this Center concerning the delineation of the territorial boundaries, the political subdivisions, or the legal status of any country or territory. WDC for Oceanography, will make every effort to promptly correct any inconsistency that is brought to its attention. VI INTRODUCTION The World Data Center system was established in 1957 to collect data from the numerous and widespread observational programs of the International Geo- physical Year (IGY) under the principles set forth by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) and to make such data readily accessible for an indefinite period of time to interested scientists and scholars. The system consists of World Data Centers (WDCs) located in the U.S.A., Russia, Western Europe, Japan and the People's Republic of China. The WDC in the United States is established under the auspices of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, where the Coordination Office is located. The WDC is divided into thirteen discipline subcenters whose addresses are given on pages iv and v. These centers are located in institutions which, in the opinion of the Academy, can best serve the interests of science because of their data- handling capabilities for the appropriate scientific disciplines. WDC for Oceanogra- phy, is collocated with the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) in Silver Spring, Maryland. After completion of the IGY program, ICSU delegated the responsibility for the operation of the World Data Centers to its Comite International de Geophysique (CIG) and subsequently to the ICSU Panel on World Data Centres. The framework for continued international exchange of oceanographic data is set forth in ICSU's Guide to the World Data Center System and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission's (IOC's) Manual on International Oceanographic Data Exchange. The types of oceanographic data desired for inclusion in the World Data Cen- ter system are those from international cooperative expeditions, Global Change and Climate Research Programs, and those associated with various countries' National Oceanographic Programs. Data are to be exchanged internationally in accordance with provisions of the IOC's Manual and the ICSU Guide. Lists of National Oceano- graphic Programs are compiled by various national committees on oceanography and submitted to the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission for dissemina- tion to the international oceanographic community. Contributors of oceanographic data to the World Data Center system and national committees on oceanography are urged to compare the Catalogue of Data with data gathering cruises and expeditions listed in IOC information documents or on-line information systems to determine whether the cruises actually completed agree with those listed and to ensure that the data resulting from them are trans- mitted to the World Data Centers in the manner prescribed by the IOC Manual and the ICSU Guide. Data need not be limited to those identified in IOC documents or on-line systems; WDC for Oceanography, welcomes all data that fall within the framework of the ICSU Guide and the IOC Manual and that contributors may wish to include in the international marine data base of the WDCs. HOW TO USE THE CHANGE NOTICE TO THE CATALOGUE OF DATA Catalogue Numbering System The catalogue numbering system uses groups of numbers and letters to desig- nate identifying references for purposes of data archiving and retrieval. A cata- logue number consists of numerals for the assigned: series, country, institution, ship and cruise. Series — The catalogue numbering system is divided into basic groups called series. At present, these consist of the 100 series for data from ships and other mobile platforms and the 200 series for data from shore and fixed stations in the following categories: a. Coastal and island stations. b. Near shore manned stations; i.e., lightvessels and platforms. c. Offshore manned stations; i.e., ocean weather ships. d. Unmanned stations; i.e., automatic buoys. e. Stations on shipping routes. f. Offshore reference stations visited regularly. g. Cables in use for oceanographic observations. h. Repetitive drifting observations; i.e., ice islands, drifting buoys. Country — A list in the Indexes section includes all countries and institu- tions from which this Center has received data during this period together with their discrete identifying numbers. The series and two-digit country number com- prise the first three digits of the catalogue number. Example: For country number 01, Argentina, data from ships and mobile platforms are catalogued as 101, and data from shore and fixed stations as 201. NOTE: The designations of countries used in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of this Center concerning the delineation of the territorial boundaries, the political subdivisions, or the legal status of any country or territory. Institution — An institution which contributed data, either directly or through its designated national agency or national, regional or specialized oceano- graphic data center, is assigned a decimal number following the series/country number. Example: The number 101.01 is assigned to data taken by ships and mobile platforms and received from the Argentine Servicio de Hidrografia Naval, and the number 201.01 is assigned to data taken at shore and fixed stations and received from the same institution. Ship — Each ship, or in some instances a group of ships operating together, is assigned a letter following the series/country/institution number. The letter is followed by a number assigned to the particular cruise as the data are received. NOTE: The term "cruise" is used in this catalogue to define, whenever possible, the beginning and ending dates of a series of data col- lected by a ship, usually identified by the contributing institution with a cruise name and/or number. Sometimes it is necessary to group several series of data from one or more ships together under one catalogue number. Example: The first cruise data received from the Argentine Servicio de Hidrografia Naval are from the ship CAPITAN CANEPA, which is assigned the letter A, followed by the number 01, thus A-01; the second cruise is A-02, the third A-03, etc. Thus, the catalogue numbers 101.01 A-01, A-02, A-03, etc. A similar system is used in the 200-series for ships but is not applied to lightvessels and fixed shore stations; for the latter the ship/cruise identifier is omitted. For these categories, the series/country/institution numbers are given, but the lightvessel's or station's name must be added instead of the ship/cruise number to complete the catalogue identification. Example: The Canadian station at Triple Island is identified as: 206.03 Triple Island. A shore station is listed under the country in or near whose territory it is located. If observations are carried out and the data contributed by an institution of another country, the observing country's name and institution are listed after the name of the country of location. How to Use the Alphabetical Index 1. Look up the name of the ship or fixed station in the Alphabetical Index where the related country/institution/ship catalogue numbers are listed. bers. 2. Look up, under the respective countries, the indicated Catalogue Num- How to Use the Geographical Index 1. Obtain the geographic area number and name from the Geographical Index Charts. 2. Look up the list of catalogue numbers of available data for the area in the 3 Geographical Index. 3. Use these catalogue numbers to locate information about the types and amount of data available. How to Obtain Data from WDC for Oceanography When communicating with the Center for additional information concerning data, the requester should, where possible, refer to the specific catalogue numbers for data of interest. The catalogue numbers are designed to facilitate the identifi- cation and retrieval of the information or data you need. Address all correspondence to: Director, World Data Center for Oceanography National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adm i ti i str ation Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. If you telephone, the numbers are: The Director: 301-713-3290. The Associate Director: 30 1-7 13-3295. The Data Archives: 301-713-3295. FAX: 301-713-3303 E-mail: wdc@nodc.noaa.gov If you wish to visit the Center, its office hours are from 6:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m., Monday through Friday. The Center is not open on Saturdays, Sundays, and U.S. national holidays. If you wish the use of study space, you should, if possible, give the Center advance notice so that necessary arrangements can be made. There is no charge for the use of study space. Data Exchange Policy of World Data Center for Oceanography World Data Centers are held responsible for the provision of data and infor- mation to qualified requesters in the scientific community either in exchange or at a cost not to exceed that of processing and shipping. Unless a requester specifies otherwise, the Center is responsible for using the method which most satisfacto- rily reproduces the data or information item at the least cost. For certain types of requests, limitations in funding, personnel, or facilities may preclude direct or free provision of data or information by the World Data Center. Data exchanges between WDC for Oceanography and WDC's in the same discipline usually take place without charge for routine exchanges of mutually agreed-upon types of data received by WDC-A in internationally-approved data exchange formats and in readily reproducible media forms. Non-standard data types are not normally exchanged. The ICSU Panel has now recognized that it is not always economically feasible to copy large data sets from one WDC to another. For certain types of data, the exchange of inventories of available data in a WDC subcenter may be considered acceptable in lieu of the transfer of the actual data sets. In general, reasonably-sized requests from national or regional contributors to WDC for Oceanography may be considered as exchange, and equivalent data thus provided to the requester without charge. For requests for unusually large amounts of data, for specially formatted data, for derived data products, or for data to be ob- tained from outside the WDC system, WDC will normally be required to recover the costs of processing and shipping, or, at its discretion, may arrange for the request to be serviced by an RNODC or a regional, national, or disciplinary center. WDC may serve as an intermediary or coordinator for requests for unique types of data or data in other disciplines by placing the originator of the request in contact with the appro- priate institution or disciplinary center. Normally, WDC for Oceanography considers its data exchange commitment with a cooperating Data Center to be limited to the servicing of those requests or routine updating requirements intended to build or enhance standard data bases operated by that Center for specific, mutually agreed-upon data types and geographi- cal areas of national or scientific interest. If the availability of funding and resources permit, the WDC also attempts to assist such cooperating Data Centers when they require special data sets for institutions that are performing project-related research for international climate and global change programs and/or that have historically contributed data to WDC for Oceanography through that Data Center. WDC for Oceanography is obhged, in any case, to follow the exchange and cost recovery poli- cies of its sponsoring (funding) government agency, while attempting to maintain consistency with data exchange guidelines of the ICSU Panel on WDC's as pubhshed in the ICSU Guide. Data and information may be requested from WDC for Oceanography through NODCs, Designated National Agencies, or any other organization identified by national or international initiatives as responsible for communication with the World Data Centers. These materials may also be requested directly from WDC for Ocean- ography. Organizations, institutions, or individuals from Member States of the IOC may apply to the IOC Secretariat or UNESCO for possible assistance in funding their projects. Data Centers or institutions in the international community that have acquired an automated data set or specialized data product from the WDC must be aware that original data sets are updated from time to time, errors corrected, or spurious data deleted by the originating data center. Where duphcate data sets are deliberately held in this way, the holder is responsible for making regular contact, as required, with the originating center to check whether the old data set is still valid, whether it should be deleted, or whether new data are available. The WDC bears no responsibility in the conduct of these arrangements, except as regards the provision of information in its role as a coordination and referral center. Acknowledgment of Data Sources In many instances, data contributed to the Center are unpublished at the time of receipt. Unpublished data are identified in the Change Notice by the absence of a publication number in the column entitled Data Center Reference Number. Accordingly, as stipulated by the Guide, recipients of copies of such data from the Center are reminded that the rights of the original investigators must always be respected. Thus, it is requested that if any data supplied by WDC for Oceanography are published, due acknowledgment be made of the institution (and where appropriate, the principal investigator) which un- dertook the original observations. To facilitate proper acknowledgment, the Change Notice indicates the originating institution. PART I CATALOGUE INDEXES EXPLANATION OF THE ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF SHIPS AND FIXED STATIONS This index presents in alphabetical order the names of the ships, lightvessels, platforms, and shore stations that are listed on the Data Information sheets. Ship or Fixed Station — The name of the ship, lightvessel, platform, light- house, shore station, etc. Names of ships and lightvessels are given in capital let- ters, with lightvessels identified by (LV) after their name. All others not so identi- fied are shore or other types of fixed stations. Country — The name of the country that used the ship to collect data, or the name of the country in or near whose territory fixed oceanographic station observa- tions were made. If the data were collected by an institution of another country, the contributing country is listed after the one where the observations were taken. Catalogue Number — The country and institution numbers and ship letter assigned to each ship are given in this column to facilitate locating data information in the catalogue. EXPLANATION OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX The Geographical Index is based on the divisions of areas shown on the three charts immediately preceding the Index. These divisions are defined in "Limits of Oceans and Seas," Special Publication No. 23 of the International Hydrographic Bureau, third edition, Monaco, 1953. To define the extensive areas of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans more specifically, the following subdivisions have been added: 23 - North Atlantic Ocean 23a - Northeast Atlantic 23b - Northwest Atlantic 45 - Indian Ocean 45a - Northwest Indian 45b - Northeast Indian 45c - Southwest Indian 45d - Southeast Indian SO - Southern Oceans South of latitude 50° South 32 - South Atlantic Ocean 32a - Southeast Atlantic 32b - Southwest Atlantic 57 - North Pacific Ocean 57a - Northwest Pacific 57b - Northeast Pacific 61 - South Pacific Ocean 61a - Southwest Pacific 61b - Southeast Pacific The catalogue numbers of ship cruises extending into any of the areas, or shore or fixed stations located in the areas, are listed under the area's number and name. ALPHABETICAL INDEX Ship or Fixed Station Country Catalogue Number -A- ALEXANDER AGASSIZ UNITED STATES 139.08 H ALPHA HELIX UNITED STATES 139.08 S -B- BUSAN 851 KOREA 143.02 Z -C- CHOFU MARU JAPAN 124.10 D CHONNAM 881 KOREA 143.02 GG 243.01 C -D- DAVID STARR JORDAN UNITED STATES 139.23 Y -G- GYUNGBUG 885 KOREA 143.02 DD 243.01 F -H- HAKUHO MARU JAPAN 124.24 B HOKKO MARU, JAPAN 124.20 A HOKUSEI MARU ■ JAPAN 124.02 C - 1 - INCHEON 866 KOREA 143.02 Y INCHEON 888 KOREA 143.02 FF -K- KAIYO MARU JAPAN 124.05 E KEIFU MARU JAPAN 124.01 F 8 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Ship or Fixed Station Country Catalogue Number KOFU MARU KOYO MARU -N- Neah Bay NEW HORIZON -O- OCA BALDA OSHORO MARU ROBERT GORDON SPROUL RV ALEJERO HUMBOLDT RYOFU MARU S. A. AGULHAS SEIFU MARU SHIRASE SHUMPU MARU TAMGU 3 TANKAI MARU TENYO MARU THOMAS WASHINGTON JAPAN JAPAN UNITED STATES UNITED STATES ARGENTINA JAPAN UNITED STATES PERU JAPAN SOUTH AFRICA JAPAN JAPAN JAPAN KOREA JAPAN JAPAN UNITED STATES 124.08 D 124.16 A 239.02 139.08 V 101.30 A 124.02 B 139.08 Z 130.01 E 124.01 B 136.03 D 124.11 D 124.31 B 124.09 A 143.02 HH 243.01 C 124.20 A 124.16 B 139.08 N 9 10 M' JT* 4T* 1. • ' \ y^^a^jV «J« >7 \^ \£ > (,) v, • 30 «o- \(o) ib) v 28 A u (• ) ^y / <•> \ *, if , 2-— ■ o*' { 15" >. 2 8 8 30* 28 B J GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX - DETAILS OF MEDITERRANEAN AREA GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX -DETAILS OF INDONESIA AREA 11 GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX 32b. SOUTH WEST ATLANTIC 143.02 Z-08 143.02 GG-03 101.30 A-03 143.02 HH-01 243.01 C-28 43. BAY OF BENGAL r 124.24 B-65 51 . YELLOW SEA 143.02 Y-11 45b. NORTH EAST INDIAN OCEAN 143.02 FF-03 143.02 GG-03 124.16 B-19 143.02 HH-01 124.16 B-20 243.01 C-28 124.24 B-65 124.31 B-11 52. JAPAN SEA 45c SOUTH WEST INDIAN OCEAN 124.02 C-22 124.08 D-84 124.31 B-11 124.08 D-85 136.03 D-03 124.10 D-89 124.11 D-76 45d. SOUTH EAST INDIAN OCEAN 124.11 D-77 124.16 B-19 124.31 B-11 124.16 B-20 143.02 DD-05 49. SOUTH CHINA SEA 143.02 GG-03 143.02 HH-01 124.24 B-65 243.01 C-28 243.01 F-06 50. EASTERN CHINA SEA 124.01 B-94 54. SEA OF OKHOTSK 124.01 F-35 124.02 C-22 124.01 F-36 124.10 D-88 55. BERING SEA 124.10 D-89 124.16 A-38 124.02 B-69 124.16 A-39 124.24 B-66 124.16 B-19 124.16 B-20 12 GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX 56. PHILIPPINE SEA 57a. 57b. 124.01 B-93 124.01 B-94 124.01 F-35 124.01 F-36 124.02 B-69 124.05 E-01 124.09 A-100 124.09 A-101 124.10 D-88 124.10 D-89 NORTH WEST PACIFIC 124.01 B-93 124.01 B-94 124.01 F-35 124.01 F-36 124.02 B-69 124.02 C-22 124.05 E-01 124.08 D-84 124.08 D-85 124.20 A-26 124.24 B-66 NORTH EAST PACIFIC 124.02 B-69 124.02 C-22 124.16 A-38 124.16 A-39 124.24 B-66 139.08 H-18 139.08 H-19 139.08 N-22 61a. 61b. SO. 139.08 N-23 139.08 S-09 139.08 S-10 139.08 V-26 139.08 Z-01 139.08 Z-02 139.23 Y-39 139.23 Y-40 239.02 SOUTH WEST PACIFIC 124.01 B-93 124.01 B-94 124.31 B-11 SOUTH EAST PACIFIC 130.01 E-03 139.08 H-19 139.08 N-21 SOUTHERN OCEANS 124.31 B-11 13 NUMERICAL LIST OF COUNTRIES * 1. ARGENTINA 2. AUSTRALIA 3. BELGIUM 4. BRAZIL 5. BURMA 6. CANADA 7. CHILE 8. COLOMBIA 9. DENMARK 10. ECUADOR 11. FINLAND 12. TAIWAN 13. FRANCE 14. GERMANY 15. GERMANY 16. GHANA 17. GUATEMALA 18. ICELAND 19. INDIA 20. INDONESIA 21. IRELAND 22. ISRAEL 23. ITALY 24. JAPAN 25. MEXICO 26. NETHERLANDS 27. NEW ZEALAND 28. NORWAY 29. PAKISTAN 30. PERU 31. PHILIPPINES 32. POLAND 33. PORTUGAL 34. SPAIN 35. SWEDEN 36. SOUTH AFRICA 37. RUSSIA 38. UNITED KINGDOM 39. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 40. URUGUAY 42. YUGOSLAVIA 43. KOREA (Republic of) 44. IVORY COAST 45. NIGERIA 46. CONGO (People's Republic) 47. MALAYSIA 48. MALAGASY REPUBLIC 49. MOROCCO 50. SENEGAL 51. THAILAND 52. TURKEY 53. VENEZUELA 54. EL SALVADOR 55. COSTARICA 56. PANAMA 57. HONDURAS 58. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 59. HAITI 60. CUBA 61. JAMAICA 62. AUSTRIA 63. ROMANIA 64. EGYPT 65. LEBANON 66. ALGERIA 67. MONACO 68. GREECE 69. TANZANIA 70. SIERRA LEONE 71. TUNISIA 72. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 73. PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA 74. CZECHOSLOVAKIA 75. MAURITANIA 76. BULGARIA 77. BENIN 78. PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF YEMEN 79. IRAQ 80. LIBERIA 81. SINGAPORE 82. UKRAINE 83. REPUBLIC OF YEMEN May refer to country designations during period data were received. 14 LIST OF DATA CENTER ACRONYMS AODC Australian Oceanographic Data Centre BODC British Oceanographic Data Centre, United Kingdom CEADO Centro Argentino de Datos Oceanograficos CECOLDO Centro Colombiano de Datos Oceanograficos CEDO Centro Espanol de Datos Oceanograficos CENADO Centro Nacional de Datos Oceanograficos, Mexico CENDOC Centro Nacional de Datos Oceanograficos de Chile CNODC China National Oceanographic Data Center CNRDO Centro Nazionale Raccolta Dati Oceanografici, Italy DOD Deutsches Ozeanographisches Datenzentrum ENODC Egyptian National Oceanographic Data Center ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea IHO International Hydrographic Organization INODC Indian National Oceanographic Data Center ISMARE Irish Marine Data Centre JODC Japan Oceanographic Data Center KODC Korean Oceanographic Data Center MARIS Marine Information Service, Netherlands MEDS Marine Environmental Data Service, Canada NOD Norsk Oseanografisk Datasenter NODC National Oceanographic Data Center, U.S.A. PSMSL Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level SADCO South African Data Centre for Oceanography SISMER Systeme d'Informations Scientifiques pour la Mer 15 INSTITUTION INDEX Country Institution Catalogue Number 01 ARGENTINA National Institute of Fishing and Development 101.03 24 JAPAN Japan Meteorological Agency Hokkaido University Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory Hakodate Marine Observatory Kobe Marine Observatory Nagasaki Marine Observatory Maizuru Marine Observatory National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki Hokkaido Regional Fisheries Research Station Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo National Institute of Polar Research . . . 124.01 124.02 124.05 124.08 124.09 124.10 124.11 124.16 124.20 124.24 124.31 30 PERU Instituto del Mar del Peru 137.01 36 SOUTH AFRICA University of Cape Town 136.03 39 UNITED STATES Scripps Institution of Oceanography . . National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration 139.08 139.23 239.02 43 KOREA National Fisheries Research & Development Agency 143.02 243.01 16 PART II WDC-A, OCEANOGRAPHY DATA INFORMATION EXPLANATION OF THE WDC FOR OCEANOGRAPHY DATA INFORMATION SHEET The Change Notice lists on Data Information sheets the data which have been received by this Center. The entries are described below. Countries are arranged in the sequence shown in the numerical list of countries. Data from each country are arranged in the sequence of catalogue numbers. The 200-series data sheets follow the last 100-series data sheet in the catalogue. Country / Catalogue Number — The series number and two digit number of the contributing country, as well as the identifying number for the data infor- mation, are given in this column. Details of the catalogue numbering system are given in the section "How to Use the Change Notice to the Catalogue of Data". The numbers corresponding to the country and institution portions of the Cata- logue Number are found in the index section that lists countries and contribut- ing institutions. Country /Ship or Fixed Station — The country name, as well as the names of ships are printed in capital letters; lightvessels are identified by (LV) follow- ing the name. All other names not so designated are those of shore stations and other types of fixed platforms, such as lighthouses (LH) or offshore towers; names are reported as they appear with the data. Start Date /End Date — The dates during which the data were gathered are given in the order of day/month/year. In some instances, depending on the nature of the project, the dates indicate the beginning and ending of a cruise or expedition, while in others the dates indicate the first and last observations. For shore and fixed stations months and years only are usually given. Resion — The region(s) of the World Ocean where observations were gathered. The areas listed are defined in "Limits of Oceans and Seas," Interna- tional Hydrographic Bureau, Special Publication No. 23, third edition, Monaco, 1953, with certain modifications as indicated in the Catalogue Indexes section. Oceanographic Serial Stations: Number of Stations — The number of oceanographic serial stations (also referred to as hydrographic, hydrographical, hydrological and hydrochemical stations by various authorities) at which serial measurements of temperature, salinity, and other chemical values are made, normally to depths of five meters or greater. Data to depths less than five meters are usually catalogued as Sur- face Observations. The single dagger symbol (f) is used to denote data obtained by electronic, in-situ, Salinity/Temperature/Depth (STD) or Conductivity /Tem- perature/ Depth (CTD) sensors. 17 Physical and Chemical Data — All stations as a minimum have readings of both temperature and salinity, unless otherwise noted. The types of physical and chemical data, available at serial depths as observed values, are listed using the following symbols and abbreviations: Oxy - Dissolved oxygen content Nutr - Nitrogen, Phosphorous, or Silicon compounds Pol - Heavy Metals, Hydrocarbons or other pollutants BT's — The type and number of mechanical bathythermograph (MBT) or expendable bathythermograph (XBT) observations are indicated by: MB - Analog prints of bathythermographs taken by a mechanical BT MTb - Tables or listings of mechanical BT temperature readings at selected depths XB - Analog prints of bathythermographs taken by an expendable BT XTb - Tables or listings of expendable BT temperature readings at selected depths DTb - Table or listings of digital BT temperature readings at selected depths STb - Tables or listings of bathythermographs reported at selected levels only, eg. 5m. intervals Currents — The types and quantity of observations of surface and subsur- face currents are indicated by: Surf - Surface Subs - Subsurface Biological — The types of marine biological observations made and the number of stations and/or abundance of data are indicated by any of the follow- ing categories: Phyt - Phytoplankton Pleu - Pleuston Pigm - Pigments Sest - Seston PrPr - Primary productivity Neus - Neuston Zoo - Zooplankton Bent - Benthos Nek - Nekton PeF - Pelagic fishes Eggs - Fish eggs and/or larvae DeF - Demersal fishes Micr - Microbiological data FObs - Fishery observations Biol - Bioluminescence Bore - Borers and foulers Poll - Pollution studies Cet - Cetacea C14 - Carbon 18 Surf - Surface visual observations of birds, fishes mammals, reptiles or discolored water Meteor olosical — The presence of meteorological observations taken in conjunction with oceanographic data is indicated. These observations may in- clude wind direction and speed, weather, temperature of the air, dry bulb or wet bulb, atmospheric pressure, clouds, visibility, humidity, dew point, precipitation, solar radiation, or radiosonde observations. Sea Surface — The types of sea surface observations and measurements taken are listed. In addition to the abbreviations and symbols listed for Physical and Chemical Data, the following are also used: T - Temperature of the water sample S - Salinity Col - Color of the water Tra - Transparency of the water Wa - Visual data on waves, including sea state IWa - Instrumented wave data Ice - Data on ice in the sea LP - Light penetration LPW - Long period wave records Data Center Reference Number — Data which have been processed at a national, regional, or responsible oceanographic data center, usually have been assigned some type of identifying reference number by that center. The availabil- ity of data in automated form is indicated by the initials of the data center fol- lowed by that center's reference number. For example, machine-processed oceano- graphic station data for Reference Number 310863 of the National Oceanographic Data Center would appear as NODC 310863. Publication number refers to the number from the WDC for Oceanography "Listing of Accessioned Data Publications" identifying the published report in which the referenced data appear. The absence of a number in this column indicates that the data were not received in published or processed form. Remarks — Any additional information included to further describe the data. The term "(CAT. OF DATA)" or "(Change)", indicates that data for this listed cruise represent an addition to data previously received by WDC for Oceanog- raphy, and already described under this Catalogue Number in the Catalogue of Data (including Change Notice Nos. 1-16) or the referenced Change Notice. An asterisk (*) is placed beside each data entry which represents an addition to data catalogued previously; the total number of observations held for this cruise is shown in parenthe- ses ( ) beneath the data entry. 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O O CO CD 3 o o X I CM 6 O IjL -1 3 CM CM CNJ CM CM CM ,_ y- O O O O o O 0 O < rt rt rt n CO 01 o> CO CO CO o v r fl « NT W CO NT ■«■ ^ ■-*-•-'- *~ Cn CM CN CM CM C/j B r- oo 7 LU CO a LU >■ a 0 z 1 1- a. LU 1 r. h 5 LU I O CO n 0 0 z < UJ 0 0 X P a. LU c 0 rr LU a - z 3 5 1- >- m K LU >-" UJ > > LU UJ E < CO C ) >- UJ ►- □ ex 2 z >- CV3 Lt 3 O 1- 3 P- < K LU B. > LU or > •- 0 < 3 S a LU < T ►— c I 0 0 O 3 z )- O CO O r a ~ O a 0 Z < Z O 7 a < < tr h— or 7 0 UJ > < UJ 1 (T >• £ CO UJ 0 1.1 3 5 z z c/> < 2 z> rr CD c ) O CO < < < z ^~ a 0 IT CO O t.J LL <■ 0 CO t- z •tf I. J O a < "•- 23 WDC FOR OCEANOGRAPHY DATA INFORMATION The preceeding section now lists primarily those data actually received directly by WDC for Oceanography from its international contributors, usually in either publica- tions or in manuscript form. Data received in automated form from Data Centers (including the U.S. NODC), oceanographic institutions, or special project data centers are now identified and described in later sections of this Catalogue. LISTING OF ACCESSIONED DATA PUBLICATIONS WDC for Oceanography no longer publishes the yearly Supplements to the Cata- logue of Accessioned Publications: thus, the Center can no longer present a full correlation of the catalogued data with corresponding published references. The following Listing of Accessioned Data Publications now references by title and re- sponsible institution all publications received during the period that contain cataloguable data; it cross-references data publication information with the pertinent WDC Data Information Number. 24 LISTING OF ACCESSIONED DATA PUBLICATIONS WDC Publication Data Publication Title No. WDC Data Information No. 01 ARGENTINA 01 .07-001 "Datos CTD en una Seccion de la Platforma y Talud 1 01 .3 A-3 Continental Argentions Entre 38-39S, Periodo 1987-991" (Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Pesquero, INIDEP Informe Tecnico 3, Agosto 1994) 01.07-001 24 JAPAN 24.04.055 "Data Record of Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory 124.2 B-69, Fishing No. 42" (Hokkaido University, March 1 999) 124.2 C-22 24.04-056 "Data Record of Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory 124.2 B-69, Fishing No.42 Supplement" (Hokkaido University, June 1999) 124.2 C-22 24.06-070 Physical Data from the Hydrographic Survey on Marine 124.5 E-1 Organism in Relation to Deep-Sea Disposal of Radioactive Wastes in the Central Western North Pacific Aboard R. V. KAIYO MARU in 1978 and 1979" (Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, No. 8, December, 1 979) 24.06-071 "General Description of Seasonal Variations in Nutrients, 124.20 A-26 Chlorophyll a, and Netplankton Biomass along the A-line Transect, Western Subarctic Pacific, from 1 990 to 1 994" (Bulletin of the Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, No. 62, Fisheries Agency, Hokkaido, July 1998) 24.07-094 Data Report of Oceanographic Observations, No. 87, January - December, 1996 (Japan Meteorology Agency, February 1998) 24.07-095 Data Report of Oceanographic Observations, No. 88, January - December, 1997 (Japan Meteorology Agency, December 1998) 124.01 B-93, 124.01 F-35, 124.08 D-84, 124.09 A-100, 124.10 D-88, 124.11 D-77 124.01 B-94, 124.01 F-36, 124.08 D-85, 124.09 A-101, 124.10 D-89, 124.11 D-76 25 LISTING OF ACCESSIONED DATA PUBLICATIONS WDC Publication Data Publication Title No. WDC Data Information No. 24.1 1-060 Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory Fishings in the 124.16 A-38, East China Sea, Eastern Indian Ocean, Japan Sea, and 124.16 B-19 Central Pacific Ocean (National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki, Data of Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory Fishings, No. 23. December 1 997) 24.1 1-061 Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory Fishings in the 124.16 A-39, East China Sea, Eastern Indian Ocean, Japan Sea, and 124.16 B-20 Central Pacific Ocean (National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki, Data of Oceanographic Observations and Exploratory Fishings, No. 24. December 1998) 24.13-087 "Preliminary Report of the HAKUHO MARU Cruise KH-96-5 124.24 B-65 (Piscis Austrinus Expedition) Decmber 19, 1996 - February 18, 199, Studies on Ocean Flux in the Eastern Indian Ocean and its Adjacent Seas" (Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1997) 24.13-088 "Preliminary Report of the HAKUHO MARU Cruise KH-97-2, 124.24 B-66 Subarctic North Pacific and Bering Sea Ecosystem Expedition (July 9 - September 8, 1997)" (Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1998) 24.22-052 Oceanographic Data of the 35th Japanese Antarctic Research 124.31 B-1 1 Expedition from November 1993 to March 1994, JARE Data Reports, No.235 (Oceanography 18)" (National Institute of Polar Research, October 1998) 30 PERU 30.02-135.1 Aspectos Oceanograficos durante los Experimentos de 130.01 E-03 Calibraciones Hidroacusticas con Anchovetas Vivas. Crucero BIC Humboldt 971 1 de Huacho a Pacasmayo ("Experimentos de Medicion de la Fuerza de Blanco de Anchoveta Empleando Peces Vivos; y Evaluacion Hidroacustica de Recursos Pelagicos. Crucero BIC Humboldt 971 1 de Huacho a Pacasmayo", INFORME No. 133, Instituto del Mar del Peru, Abril 1998) 36 SOUTH AFRICA 36.06-1 15 Hydrographic and Biological Data Report on the Marion Island 136.3 D-3 Oceanographic Survey 2 (MIOS 2)" (University of Cape Town Oceanography Report 98-1) 26 LISTING OF ACCESSIONED DATA PUBLICATIONS WDC Publication Data Publication Title No. WDC Data Information No. 39 UNITED STATES 39.01-346 Data Report, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Data, 139.08 H-18 SOUTHOW Expedition, Leg III 6-18 April 1972, Leg IV 27 139.08 N-21 April - 14 May 1972, Leg XIII 29 January - 19 February 1973, 139.08 N-22 CLIMAX VII Expedition, Leg II 28 August - 7 September 1773, 139.08 S-09 Leg III 17-21 September 1973, CLIMAX VIII Expedition, 6 - 8 December 1 973 (SIO Reference 93-1 7, 1 June 1 993) 39.01-347 Data Report, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Data, 139.08 H-19 TASADAY Expedition, Leg XI 24 February - 18 March 1974, 139.08 N-23 DRAMAMINE II Expedition, 25 April - 1 8 May 1 974, KRILL 1 39.08 S-1 0 Expedition, Leg I 25 May - 4 June 1974, Leg II 10-26 June 1974, Leg III 5-21 July 1974, Leg IV 27 July - 6 August 1974, Leg V 1 1-19 August 1974, Leg VI 24-30 August 1974 (SIO Reference 98-7, 14 April 1998) 39.01-348 Data Report, Physical, Chemical and Biological Data, CalCOFI 139.08 V-26 Cruise 9707, 1 -1 8 July 1 997, CalCOFI Cruise 9709, 20 1 39.08 Z-01 September - 6 October 1 997, CalCOFI Cruise 971 2, 1 3-1 6 1 39.23 Y-39 December 1997 (SIO Reference 99-5, 16 April 1999) 39.01-349 Data Report, Physical, Chemical and Biological Data, CalCOFI 139.08 Z-02 Cruise 9802, 23 January - 14 February, CalCOFI Cruise 9803, 139.23 Y-40 11-17 March 1998, CalCOFI Cruise 9804, 2-23 April, CalCOFI Cruise 9805, 16-22 May 1998, CalCOFI Cruise 9806, 17-23 June 1998 (SIO Reference 99-9, 14 July 1999) 43 KOREA 43-02-092 Annual Report of Oceanographic Observations for 1998 143.2 DD-5, (National Fisheries Research and Development Agency, 143.2 FF-3, Volume 47, October 1 999) 1 43.2 HH-1 , 143.2 GG-3, 143.2 Z-8, 143.2 Y-11, 243.1 C-28, 243.1 F-6 27 PART III INTERNATIONAL DATA ACQUISITION AND EXCHANGE THE INTERNATIONAL MARINE DATA BASE International Data Acquisition and Exchange For the 40-year period since its inception during the International Geophysical Year (IGY), WDC for Oceanography has provided comprehensive tabulations of its yearly accessions and cumulative holdings as a reference standard by which the relative success of international oceanographic data exchange thru the WDC system (under both ICSU and IOC/IODE guidelines) can be measured. It has become increasingly apparent during recent years, however, that in order to main- tain consistency and continuity in this process, the WDC must significantly modify its traditional approach to take into account changing conditions. The advent of data acquisition programs, such as the Global Data Archaeology and Rescue (GODAR) Project, combined with enhanced cap abilities to utilize CD-ROM technology and electronic data transmission for the rapid exchange of large data sets, have resulted in a major infusion of data into WDC data bases. A problem resulting from this obvious success story has been the difficulty that the WDC has experienced in attempting to catalogue and tabulate these massive data sets, using standard (traditional) cataloguing procedures. Additionally, the sheer magnitude of many of these data sets (which may contain historical observations taken over many years) often tends to overshadow the all-important yearly data accessions from WDC's regular contributors. To address these problems, the WDC has evaluated its most recent yearly data accessions with a view toward the need to give proper recognition to its regular contributors, while at the same time attempting to provide somewhat more detail with regard to data sets received through programs such as GODAR. Through this process, the following general categories have been identified as repre- senting major components of the WDC's International Marine Data Base (Figure 1): 1. Regular accessions from WDC contributors representing observations that can be catalogued using standard (traditional) cataloguing procedures (Tables 1-4); 2. Historical data received under the aegis of the GODAR Program (Tables 5-7); 3. Data received in digital form through the co-located U.S. National Oceano- graphic Data Center (NODC) (Tables 8-11). The International Marine Data Base of WDC for Oceanography, then, as depicted in Figure 1, now comprises the Center's total data holdings - that is, it summarizes data holdings from all three categories. Category 1 is denned as the material already identified and described in Part II of this Catalogue; explanations are fur-ther ex- panded upon on Page 30. Brief descriptions follow for Categories 2 and 3. 29 Global Data Archaeology and Rescue (GODAR) Project The goal of the GODAR program is to augment the historical digital oceanographic data archives by seeking out and recovering manuscript and digital ocean data not yet includedin the digital ocean databases accessible to the world research community. The term Data Archaeology andRescue describes the two-part process of first identifying and locating the data, and then performing the necessary steps to merge them into a digital database. The enhanced historical ocean data archives resultingfrom this Project have led to improved ocean climatologies and have also supported more complete studies of ocean variability. The following activities are undertaken as a part of the GODAR process: — prepare inventories of data available only in manuscript or other analog form, as well as data not currently available in digital form at a national or World Data Center; — digitize data that now exist only in manuscript or other analog form; — ensure that all oceanographic data available for international exchange are archived in digital form; — perform Quality Control on all data; — make all data readily accessible to the international community. The WDC has very substantially augmented its data bases through numerous GODAR contributions during recent years. Such contributions do not reflect, however, the total benefit derived from GODAR; many digitally-received GODAR contributions, that did not represent data "new" to WDC , were of equal importance because they represented data sets previously receivedby the WDCs in manuscript form only, as well as "rescued" data that had been held by originators on magnetic media that were susceptible to loss by degradation. The basic premise of GODAR seems to engender a spirit of cooperation; many countries have contributed data that had previously been unavailable for international ex- change. GODAR has also presented an excellent opportunity for developing countries to become more intimately involved with the IODE data management process. GODAR has provided a mechanism with the implementation of Regional Workshops, through which developing countries can facilitate the processing, exchange, and preservation of oceanographic data. Data Received in Digital Form through NODC The WDC benefits significantly from its co-location with the U.S. National Oceano- graphic Data Center (NODC). In addition to providing automated data management services in support of the WDC, the NODC is an excellent source of oceanographic data in digital form for national, as well as international, data-gathering programs. Over the years, NODC has been a Special Project Data Center for numerous international cooperative investigations; this has led to the ready availability to the WDC of many important international data sets in digital form. 30 Current Data 703,155 obs. (11.3%) Other 25,329 obs. (■4%) Biological Data 487,175 obs. (7.9%) Total: 6,217,696 obs. Figure 1. International Marine Data Base of WDC for Oceanography 31 WDC for Oceanography Data Base* Summaries Oceanographic Station Data Base Table 1 (page 31) summarizes the 1,357,813 oceanographic serial stations received by nation under which these data are catalogued. Nations from which no station data have been received are not listed, although in some cases publications or other types of data may have been received. Bathythermograph Data Base Table 2 (page 33) summarizes the number of bathythermograph observa- tions received from the nation under which the data are catalogued. The number of cruises on which the data were observed is also listed. A total of 604,434 bathyther- mograph observations were taken during 9,350 cruises, which includes 1,430 obser- vations received in 1999. Biological Data Base Table 3 (page 34) shows, by nation, the number of biological observations received by this Center since its inception and includes 4,395 observations received in 1999. A total of 177,800 observations, including plankton observations, primary productivity measurements, pigment concentration measurements, carbon- 14 mea- surements, and fishery observations, have been taken during 2,292 cruises. Surface and Subsurface Current Data Base Table 4 (page 35) summarizes, by nation, the number of surface and subsurface current measurements received by this Center since its inception. The total of 703,152 current measurements includes 118,640 subsurface and 584,510 surface measurements taken during 4,304 cruises. A total of 5,044 new current measurements were added in 1999. * Tabulations for these Data Bases (Tables 1 - 4) include cumulative historical and contemporary accessions of data from regular exchanges with WDC contributors, and represent only observations that could be catalogued using standard catalogu- ing procedures. Recent data accessions from the GODAR Program and of digital data sets from NODC are not included in Tables 1-4. 32 Oceanographic Station Data Base Table 1. — Number of oceanographic serial stations received by WDC for Oceanography, from various nations Stations Received Total Stations Total Stations Nation in 1999 on Hand on Hand prior to 1999 at end of 1999 1. Argentina 130 2,833 2,963 2. Australia ~ 19,256 19,256 3. Belgium ~ 4,941 4,941 4. Brazil - 7,496 7,496 6. Canada — 75,904 75,904 7. Chile ~ 1,048 1,048 8. Colombia ~ 1,267 1,267 9. Denmark — 40,701 40,701 10. Ecuador - 2,234 2,234 11. Finland - 39,194 39,194 12. Taiwan - 693 693 13. France ~ 23,399 23,399 14. Germany - 68,415 68,415 16. Ghana — 2,772 2,772 18. Iceland — 10,567 10,567 19. India — 2,094 2,094 20. Indonesia - 2,352 2,352 21. Ireland — 2,553 2,553 22. Israel - 2,410 2,410 23. Italy - 4,160 4,160 24. Japan 3,675 418,964 422,639 25. Mexico - 1,517 1,517 26. Netherlands - 10,377 10,377 27. New Zealand ~ 1,941 1,941 28. Norway - 40,152 40,152 29. Pakistan - 174 174 30. Peru 50 4,016 4,066 31. Philippines - 199 199 (continued) 33 Oceanographic Station Data Base Table 1. — Number of oceanographic serial stations received by WDC for Oceanography, from various nations (continued) Stations Received Total Stations Total Stations Nation in 1999 on Hand on Hand prior to 1999 at end of 1999 32. Poland .. 9,174 9,174 33. Portugal — 3,959 3,959 34. Spain ~ 1,931 1,931 35. Sweden ~ 56,975 56,975 36. South Africa 57 16,046 16,103 37. Russia — 109,530 109,530 38. United Kingdom ~ 51,911 51,911 39. United States 767 223,581 224,348 42. Yugoslavia — 8,292 8,292 43. Korea 1,293 48,522 49,815 44. Ivory Coast — 4,196 4,196 45. Nigeria ~ 997 997 46. Congo (P. Rep.) ~ 5,302 5,302 47. Malaysia — 150 150 48. Malagasy Republic — 1,311 1,311 49. Morocco — 9 9 50. Senegal — 1,795 1,795 51. Thailand — 2,311 2,311 52. Turkey — 637 637 53. Venezuela — 2,184 2,184 60. Cuba ~ 812 812 63. Romania — 355 355 64. Egypt ~ 308 308 68. Greece — 217 217 71. Tunisia ~ 157 157 73. China (P. Rep.) ~ 9,139 9,139 75. Mauritania — 411 411 Totals 5,972 1,351,841 1,357,813 34 Bathythermograph Data Base Table 2. -- Number of bathythermograph observations received by WDC for Oceanography, from various nations thru 1999 No. of cruises Tvpe of data format Nation Mechanical BT Expendable BT Total Analog Tabular Analog Tabular 1. Argentina 79 4,050 3,688 -- 603 8,341 2. Australia 683 -- 9,460 1 28,234 37,695 3. Belgium 2 -- 15 -- -- 15 4. Brazil 7 43 85 -- 485 613 6. Canada 1,678 21,248 469 -- 44,627 66,344 7. Chile 8 846 -- -- 165 1,011 8. Colombia 2 316 -- -- -- 316 9. Denmark 2 70 -- -- -- 70 10. Ecuador 11 -- -- -- 405 405 11. Finland 2 124 168 -- -- 292 13. France 169 352 -- -- 8,480 8,832 14. Germany 395 59 14,258 -- 19,537 33,854 16. Ghana 1 12 -- -- -• 12 18. Iceland 50 124 7,075 -- -- 7,199 19. India 2 -- 351 -- 522 873 20. Indonesia 13 162 118 -- -- 280 23. Italy 24 879 561 72 282 1,794 24. Japan 3,461 -- 166,878 -- 60,995 227,873 25. Mexico 23 -- -- -- 378 378 26. Netherlands 67 675 -- -- 3,942 4,617 27. New Zealand 21 -- -- -- 1,108 1,108 28. Norway 14 82 158 -- 462 702 29. Pakistan 2 -- 65 -- -- 65 30. Peru 31 -- -- -- 970 970 31. Philippines 1 -- -- -- 8 8 32. Poland 7 -- 153 -- 279 432 33. Portugal 24 448 2,725 12 194 3,379 34. Spain 6 194 -- -- 225 419 35. Sweden 6 10 j 57 -- 612 679 36. South Africa 3 -- -- -- 243 243 37. Russia 115 428 12,395 -- 5,388 18,211 38. United Kingdom 1,380 276 44,973 -- 17,844 63,093 39. United States 942 36,114 3,489 646 59,997 100.246 43. Korea (Rep. of) 28 -- 1,427 -- 276 1,703 44. Ivory Coast 6 618 -- -• -- 618 45. Nigeria 6 1,011 20 -- -- 1,031 46. Congo (P. Rep.) 21 2,389 83 -- -- 2,472 48. Malagasy Rep. 10 476 -- -- -- 476 50. Senegal 8 730 -- • - -- 730 70. Sierra Leone 2 194 -- -- -- 194 71. Tunisia 1 -- 121 -- -- 121 73. China (P. Rep.) 7 -- -- -- 620 620 99. Ships of Opportunity 30 -- -- -- 6,100 6.100 Total 9,350 71.930 268.792 731 262.981 604.434 35 Biological Data Base Table 3. -- Number of biological observations received by WDC for Oceanography from various nations thru 1999 No. of Type of observation Nation Primary cruises Plankton Productivity Pigments C-14 Fishery 1. Argentina 13 452 47 233 129 2. Australia 64 1,527 1,599 1,738 — 2,666 4. Brazil 16 754 — 175 — 36 6. Canada 58 1,342 669 1,303 47 100 8. Colombia 7 181 — 496 — — 10. Ecuador 3 895 191 116 — — 12. Taiwan 3 98 — 98 — 15 13. France 28 720 288 510 43 92 14. Germany 26 594 238 2,901 1,552 731 19. India 12 424 — — — — 20. Indonesia 61 2,004 5 702 — 7 22. Israel 1 58 — — — — 23. Italy 1 18 18 18 — — 24. Japan 1340 44,559 180 25,899 30 8,129 25. Mexico 14 111 13 404 — — 26. Netherlands 2 150 24 36 — — 27. New Zealand 1 46 — 69 71 — 29. Pakistan 1 14 — — — — 30. Peru 7 517 3 27 10 12 32. Poland 1 — — 81 — — 33. Portugal 5 351 — 128 — 57 34. Spain 7 66 87 175 — 27 35. Sweden 1 \ — 18 — — — 36. South Africa 23 985 165 536 — — 37. Russia 12 3,837 743 262 — 389 38. United Kingdom 6 416 — 99 — — 39. United States 335 12,381 5,962 14,350 745 4,445 42. Yugoslavia 1 167 — — — — 43. Korea (Rep. of) 193 21,282 — — ■ — — 44. Ivory Coast 3 27 7 — — 1 45. Nigeria 6 5 4 — — 2,018 46. Congo (P. Rep.) 4 24 93 70 — 1 48. Malagasy Rep. 9 84 54 54 — — 50. Senegal 11 34 — 477 — 258 60. Cuba 1 — 37 — — — 63. Romania 10 261 — — — — 64. ArabRep.ofEgypt2 — — — — 188 71. Greece 1 3 4 — — — 73. China (P. Rep.) 2 — 68 139 — — 75. Mauritania 1 — — — — 1 Total 2,292 94,387 10,517 51,096 2,627 19,173 36 Surface and Subsurface Current Data Base Table 4. -- Number of surface and subsurface current measurements received by WDC for Oceanography from various nations thru 1999 Nation No. of cruises Subsurface Surface 2. Australia 50 1,663 4. Brazil 1 83 — 6. Canada 21 1,558 1,052 9. Denmark 62 — 20,184 10. Ecuador 1 46 9 11. Finland 6 5,472 5708 13. France 20 6,450 632 14. Germany 115 10,794 327,348 20. Indonesia 13 177 40 23. Italy 2 782 — 24. Japan 3,688 23,346 191,036 25. Mexico 6 — 6,816 26. Netherlands 21 10,242 — 28. Norway 6 2,691 86 32. Poland 2 291 — 33. Portugal 4 74 — 35. Sweden 116 22,751 24,237 37. Russia 49 20,660 1,510 38. United Kingdom 9 799 258 39. United States 58 4,493 4,940 42. Yugoslavia 25 603 149 43. Korea (Rep. of) 2 — 284 44. Ivory Coast i 3 44 140 46. Congo (P. Rep.) 3 218 — 48. Malagasy Rep. 1 24 24 52. Turkey 1 5,095 40 63. Romania 19 284 17 Total 4,304 118,640 584,510 37 Table 5. Oceanographic station data received through GODAR, 1999 NATION DATA SET NO. OF STATIONS Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, R/V FRANKLIN 4,294 France Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Multiple projects 1986-1998 4,597 France IFREMER, Mediterranean Sea and Bay of Biscay 976 France Mediterranean Hydrological Atlas 50,695 Germany Institut fur Hochseefischerie, West African Coast 2,867 Germany Bundesamt fur Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, 1973-1999 16,171 ICES Multiple projects 1977-1998 20,888 India ORV SAGAR KANYA, Arabian Sea JGOFS Cruises 142 Russia Russian State Hydrometeorological University, NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea Fisheries Oceanography 777 Russia Ukrainian Scientific Centre of the Ecology of Sea (UkrSCES) 2,142 Russia Pacific Oceanographic Institute, POI-97, 1969-1995 9,315 Russia Ukrainian Scientific Centre of the Ecology of Sea (UkrSCES) 324 Russia MEGAPOLYGON-87 1,843 Russia Polar Marine Geological Research Expedition (PMGRE) 1987-1998 94 Russia Murmansk Marine Biologcal Institute, White, Barents and Norwegian Seas, 1952-1992 1,621 Ukraine UkrSCES, North Atlantic Sections 4,330 Ukraine Ukranian Scientific Centre of the Ecology of the Sea, North East Atlantic, 1972-1991 2,996 Ukraine Newfoundland Energetic Activity Polygon (NEAZO) 4,022 United States ICES Hydrographie Office 1914-1991 12,355 38 Table 6. Bathythermograph observations received through GOD AR, 1999 NATION DATA SET NO. OF OBS. Australia R/V FRANKLIN, cruises in the Indian and Pacific Oceans 275 France Mediterranean Hydrological Atlas 12,000 * Germany Bundesamt fur Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie 6,867 India ORV SAGAR KANYA, Arabian Sea JGOFS Cruises 49 Russia YUGniro MBTs 11,830 This number represents observations that are new to the WDC Marine Data Base Table 7. Biological observations received through GODAR, 1999 NATION DATA SET NO. OF OBS. India ORV SAGAR KANYA, Arabian Sea JGOFS Cruises Zooplankton and Chlorophyll 118 United States SeaBAM, 1961-1996 Pigment data 17,300 Russia Murmansk Marine Biology Institute, 1958 White Sea Zooplankton 853 Russia Pacific Oceanographic Institute, Pacific Ocean primary productivity 465 39 Table 8. Oceanographic station data received through NODC, 1999 NATION DATA SET NO. OF STATIONS Canada Bedford Institute of Oceanography, GLOBEC - Georges Bank 266 United States ARLftNDO Circulation 69 United States Acid Rain Project, NOAA/PMEL 126 United States Bering Sea - DENSE WATER (NSF) 67 United States Bering Sea Circulation 337 United States Bering Sea, Aleutian Shelf - Coordinated Investigations 894 United States Bering Sea, Gulf of Alaska - Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Project 293 United States Bering Sea, Marginal Ice Zone Experiment 166 United States CUEA, Oregon Coast 522 United States Carbon Dioxide Project 207 United States GLOBEC - Broad Scale Hydrography, Gulf of Maine 681 United States GLOBEC - California Coasts 265 United States GLOBEC - Georges Bank 1,248 United States GLOBEC - Gulf of Alaska 353 United States Global Ocean- Atmosphere-Land Syste/Pan American Climate Studies (GOALS/PACS) 486 United States Gulf Stream Studies 222 United States Gulf of Maine Regional Marine Research Program 97 United States Gulf of Maine, Open Ocean Aquaculture (OOAQ) 82 United States Hawaii - Generating Station Time Series 2,190 United States Hawaiin Ocean Time Series 3,836 United States JGOFS - Arabian Sea 79 United States JGOFS - Southern Ocean Project 260 United States JGOFS Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Process Study 601 United States NOAA Ships - RUDE, WHITING Cruises 341 United States Mamala Bay Study 10 (continued) 40 Table 8. Oceanographic station data received through NODC, 1999 (continued) NATION DATA SET NO. OF STATIONS United States Marine Ecosystems Analysis Project - Puget Sound 930 United States Massachusetts Bay Project 681 United States Mesoscale Circulation Study 653 United States MOODS data set update 4,217 United States Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary 291 United States OACES/ACCP 130 United States Ocean Color Satellite Sensors - U.S. Coasts 593 United States Ocean-Atmosphere Carbon Exchange Study 643 United States Routine Fisheries Monitoring, NOAA/NMFS 1,850 United States R/V OCEANUS Cruise 256 Leg 1 27 United States Southern California Bight Study 268 United States Yaquina Bay Seawater Database 98,298 United States/ US-PRC Cooperative Investigations 717 P. Rep. of China United States/ Joint US/USSR Chukchi Sea Circulation Study 337 Russia 41 Table 9. Bathythermograph observations received through NODC, 1999 NATION DATA SET NO. OF OBS. Australia Bureau of Meteorology, Indian and Pacific Oceans 1,332 Australia AODC, Indian and Pacific Oceans (1998) 1,693 Australia CSIRO, Indian Ocean (1995-1996) 44 Australia CSIRO, Indian and Pacific Oceans (1998) 990 Germany Bundesamt fur Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH), Atlantic Ocean, WOCE 979 Japan Japan National Research Institute of Far East Fisheries, Indian Ocean, WOCE 234 United States Scripps Institution of Oceanography, High Resolution XBT Network 896 United States NOAA PMEL, Acid Rain Project 4 United States NOAA PMEL, Equatorial Pacific Ocean Climate Study (EPOCS) 217 United States University of Hawaii, Hawaiian Ocean Time Series (1989-1991) 217 United States Shipboard Environmental Data Acquisition System (SEAS), Ships of Opportunity Program 16,454 United States MOODS data set update 3,150 42 Table 10. Current Meter data sets received through NODC, 1999 NATION DATA SET PERIOD Canada GLOBEC - Georges Bank and Scotian Shelf Oct 1993 - Sep 1996 Canada RNODC Drifting Buoy Jan - Dec 1998 Japan Western Pacific, Japan Sea and Eas China Sea, Moored Buoy Jan - Dec 1997 United States Bering and Chukchi Seas Sep 1981 -Jul 1983 United States Boca de Quadra (BORAX) Jul - Sep 1982 United States Circulation - North Central Chukchi Sea Shelf Sep 1991 - Sep 1996 United States EXXON VALDEZ Oil Spill Restoration Apr - Nov 1989 United States GLOBEC - Georges Bank, Drifting Buoys Apr 1997 - May 1998 United States Gulf of Alaska JET Experiment Apr 1983 - Oct 1984 United States Gulf of Alaska Recirculation Study Nov 1986 - Sep 1988 United States Gulf of Alaska Resurrection Bay Mar - May 1979 United States Gulf of Alaska Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Jun - Oct 1989 United States Hawaiian Ocean Time Series Apr 1998 - May 1999 United States JGOFS Southern Ocean Project, Drifting Buoys and Current Meters Dec 1994 - Jun 1998 United States Marginal Ice Zone Experiment and Chukchi Sea Circulation Study, Drifting Buoys Feb 1986 - Jun 1991 United States TOGA/TAO Moorings, Equatorial Pacific Mar 1991 - Jun 1996 United States U. S. Coasts May 1975 - Jun 1988 United States Western Gulf of Mexico, Drifting Buoy Apr 1999 43 Table 11. Biological observations received through NODC, 1999 NATION DATA SET NO. OF OBS. United States Coral Reefs ; Maui, University of Hawaii 926 surveys United States Coral Reefs ; Maui, University of Hawaii 50 transects United States Coral Reefs; American Samoa Coastal Resources Inventory 13 sites United States Crustacea; Mamala Bay, University of Hawaii 9 stations United States Primary production; Ross Sea, JGOFS Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Process Study 78 casts United States N15 Uptake; Ross Sea, JGOFS Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Process Study 10 casts United States Time-Series Station Cariaco, Venezuela 6 casts United States Plankton, Ross Sea, JGOFS Antarctic Environment and Southern Ocean Process Study 59 casts United States THOMAS THOMPSON, Arabian Sea JGOFS Cruise 141 casts United States Mamala Bay Benthos Study 25 stations 44 Number of Oceanographic Stations Received at the WDC by Year ^^^^m CD ■ CO 1 °* - !Ji**| en — ^-l^oo ■■ id £ 1 ^^^ CO BH ■ ■•■ ■m >- ?a*^ CO 1 ■■ < Q O o u Q O u o •g js o _c oo C3 O ON o ON ca 3 O ON ON ■Hi I 1 ^^" r^ ■■1 ■■ ^"'* r^ ■■ ^^™ CD ■■■ 1 ^ ^^m CO c c c c c cc ) c > c > c f c > c > ir > o o c > o o c > o o c >" o" o~ c > o o c ) T CO o suojjeis jo Jaqiu 3 ' z 100,000 0 45 Number of Bathythermographs Received at the WDC by Year « ■ Hfe 1 — — ,r — is 4 is ■ Is J -H.S5 H - Hs» 5 *■ is < Q O a w Q O i— i O o 1— t -a _c on O -4-> ON ON Os XI GO O H •4—' <* ON ON 3 is i Is ■ J- ■ 1 ^ I !r ■ i 1 V c c c c c a > > > c c c c c su 1 ) c ) c ) c >" c ) c ) "Si o;ieAJ3sq( > > > > c c c c c equir ) > >_ r > j >N 1 o 46 PART IV DATA HOLDINGS OF RNODC's AND SPECIALIZED DATA CENTERS DATA HOLDINGS of RNODC's and SPECIALIZED DATA CENTERS This section of the Change Notice provides information on the availability of specialized data sets prepared by the various Responsible National Oceanographic Data Centers (RNODC's) and other Specialized Data Centers. Normally, only those data sets that have actually been received by WDC-A, Oceanography are described in this section; WDC-A can provide digital copies of these data sets either in the originator's format or in the prescribed international exchange format. These data products are not described in the usual manner in the Catalogue portion of the Change Notice (except for certain separately -identified cruises that are also included in data sets such as FOY), as the data are not always merged with the standard WDC-A, Oceanography data bases. Thus they constitute a suite of data products, prepared by RNODC's and other Specialized Data Centers, that are separate and distinct from the standard data types regularly catalogued in the Change Notices and normally available from WDC-A. Such data products are not necessarily intended to be routinely exchanged by the WDC's under normal international data exchange guidelines. They may be voluminous or costly to prepare and, thus, may be precluded from regular data exchanges between WDC's and their exchange cooperators. Data sets in automated form are available from the WDC's usually at a cost not to exceed the cost of reproduction and postage. MEDALPEX iS^JSP. 47 RNODC FOY FGGE OPERATIONAL YEAR GLOBAL OCEAN CLIMATE DATA BASE The Global Ocean Climate Data Base is avail- able from the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) which served as the Responsible National Oceanographic Data Center for the FGGE* Operational Year (RNODC/FOY). The Global Ocean Climate Data Base is a collection of oceangraphic data submitted to NODC by 17 different countries. Although the formal FGGE Operational Year was from 1 December 1978 to 30 November 1979, the data set covers the extended FOY period from 1 September 1978 to 29 February 1980. The data base includes four types of data: (1) oceanographic hydrocast (bottle) data, (2) con- ductivity/ salinity-temperature-depth (C/STD) data, (3) expendable bathythermograph (XBT) *FGGE = First GARP Global Experiment, also known as the Global Weather Experiment. GARP = Global Atmosphere Research Program. data, and (4) Eulerian currrent (current meter) data. The data are recorded on magnetic tape in two different formats: (1) the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission General Exchange Format 3 (GF3) and (2) NODC archive formats (different format for each of the four types of data). In GF3 the data base comprises eight magnetic tapes; in the NODC formats the data base comprises four tapes. The FGGE Operational Year was the culmina- tion of a series of international ocean/atmos- phere research programs conducted in the 1970's. This effort, in turn, was a steppingstone toward the increasingly ambitious and large- scale research and monitoring programs of the 1980's and 1990's that are directed toward fuller understanding of tropical dynamics and their influence on global ocean/atmosphere phenom- ena. 48 The FGGE/FOY Data Base The FGGE/FOY Global Ocean Climate Data Base temperature profiles; and 294 months of time- compiled by the RNODC contains: 10,413 Oceano- series data from current meter moorings. The graphic hydrocast (bottle) stations; 4,030 CTD/STD sources of these data are summarized in Table 1. casts; 28,733 expendable bathythermograph (XBT) Table 1. FGGE Operational Year Global Ocean Climate Data Base Country Data Type Oceanographic Stations (stations) CTD/STD (stations) XBT (stations) Current Meter (meter-months) Australia - - 2,754 - Canada 324 - 507 - People's Republic of China 318 -- -- ■- Republic of the Congo 307 - -- - France -- -- 307 ~ German Democratic Republic 74 - - ■■ Federal Republic of Germany -- - 1,366 •• Ghana 335 - -- - Italy -- -- 55 - Japan 1,138 -- 832 -- Philippines -- -- 8 -- Poland 87 - 267 -- Republic of South Africa -- -- 56 -- Spain - -- 180 - UK -- 64 944 -- USA 1,271 3,966 20,727 294 USSR 6,559 •- 730 -- TOTAL 10,413 4,030 28,733 294 49 Table 2 lists the number of tapes included in the tapes or only the tape(s) for one or more of the data set. Customers may order the entire set of four different data types in either of the two format options. Table 2. FOY Global Ocean Climate Data Tapes Number of Tapes Data Type Data Quantity GF3 Format (1600 bpi) NODC Format (6250 bpi) Oceanographic Station (hydrocast) 10,413 stations (128 cruises) 2 1 CTD/STD 4,030 stations (62 cruises) 1 1 XBT 28,733 stations (571 cruises) 3 1 Current Meter 294 months (27 meters) 2 1 TOTAL 8 4 Data Availability Copies of the FOY Global Ocean Climate Data Set are available from the RNODC as ASCII files on floppy disk or via FTP over the internet: World Data Center A, Oceanography NOAA Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282, USA Telephone: 301-713-3295 FAX: 301-713-3303 E-mail: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov 50 RNODC MEDALPEX (Sea Level) MEDITERRANEAN ALPINE EXPERIMENT SEA LEVEL DATA SET In 1975, the IOC decided to support the development of an oceanographic program in the Mediterranean during the GAKP Alpine Experiment (ALPEX). The MEDALPEX project took place between 1 September 1981 and 30 September 1982, with a special period of observation from 15 February 1982 to 30 April 1982. It was a multi-national project involving scientists from 7 countries. The main purpose of MEDALPEX was to increase understanding of the effect of wind forcing on the dynamics of the western part of the Mediterranean Basin. Specific studies were undertaken, each having a particular scientific objective in- cluding: 1. The interrelationship between the general circulation and mesoscale eddies 2. Offshore dynamic response mechanisms under severe weather conditions 3. Storm surges and the piling up of water, especially in the Adriatic and Ligurian seas The measurement of sea level was considered to be an important component of the observation program to support these studies. A wide range of other types of oceanographic data were also collected, including classical and synoptic meteorologi- cal measurements, data collected using remote sensing techniques and data from current meters, thermistor chains, waverider buoys, CTDs and XBTs. The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) was requested by IOC to fulfil the role of the Responsible National Oceanographic Data Center for the MEDALPEX sea level data. The work was under-taken on behalf of PSMSL by the Marine Information and Advisory Service (MIAS) - U.K.'s national oceanographic data center (now the British Oceanographic Data Centre.) Sea level data were submitted to MIAS from 29 of the 40 MEDALPEX sites. An inventory of the data is given on the following page. Measurements from 28 of the sites were taken using conventional stilling wells and, with one exception, were supplied to MIAS as hourly values. Data from the remaining site, off the coast of Corsica, were collected by an Aanderaa water level recorder at half-hourly intervals. 51 INVENTORY OF DATA RECEIVED BY MEDALPEX SEA LEVEL DATA CENTER SITE LATITUDE LONGITUDE START SERIES CYCLE DATE DURATION INTERVAL DDD MM.MH DDD MM.MH DD/MM/YY WEEKS SECS CADIZ 36 32.0N 6 17.0W 01/09/81 56 3600 TARIFA 36 0.0N 5 36.0W 01/09/81 56 3600 GIBRALTAR 36 8. ON 5 21.0W 01/09/81 56 3600 CEUTA 35 54. ON 5 19.0W 01/09/81 56 3600 ALGECIRAS 36 7.0N 5 26. OW 01/09/81 56 3600 PUERTOS BANUS 36 37.0N 4 55.0W NO DATA MALAGA 36 43.0N 4 25.0W 01/09/81 56 3600 ALMERIA 36 49. 7N 2 29.2W 14/08/81 58 3600 CARTEGENA 37 36. ON 0 59.0W NO DATA ALICANTE I 38 20. 3N 0 30. 4W 23/08/81 60 3600 ALICANTE III 38 20. 3N 0 30. 7W 28/08/81 60 3600 PALMA DE MALLORCA 39 33. ON 2 38.0E 01/09/81 56 3600 BLANES 41 41. ON 2 48.0E NO TIDE GAUGE ROSAS 42 15.0N 3 11.0E NO TIDE GAUGE PORTVENDRES 42 31. ON 3 6.0E 28/12/81 39 3600 SETE 43 25.0N 3 43.0E NO DATA FOS 43 25. ON 4 46.0E NO DATA TOULON 43 7.0N 5 55.0E 30/08/81 56 3600 NICE 43 42.0N 7 16. OE 03/07/81 68 3600 MONACO 43 44.0N 7 25. OE 29/06/81 69 3600 OFFSHORE 42 34. 8N 8 44.0E 06/04/82 18 1800 NEARCALVI 42 34. 8N 8 44. OE 29/07/82 9 1800 AJACCIO 41 55.0N 8 43.0E 30/08/81 49 3600 CAGLIARI 39 13. ON 9 8.0E NO DATA SAVONA 44 18. ON 8 28. OE NO DATA GENOVA 44 24. ON 8 54.0E 31/08/81 58 3600 LASPEZIA 44 7.0N 9 48.0E NO DATA Lr/ORNO 43 33. 2N 10 18.2E 31/08/81 49 3600 CrVITAVECCHIA 42 5.7N 11 47.4E 25/08/81 22 3600 NAPOLI 40 50. 4N 14 16.2E 31/08/81 56 3600 PALERMO 38 8.0N 13 23.0E NO DATA ANCONA 43 37. ON 13 31.0E 01/09/81 56 3600 PTO CORSINI 44 35.0N 12 20.0E NO DATA VENEZIA 45 26. ON 12 20.0E 01/01/81 104 3600 KOPER 45 33.0N 13 44.0E 28/02/82 9 3600 ROVINJ 45 5. ON 13 38.0E 28/02/82 9 3600 BAKAR 45 18. ON 14 32.0E 28/02/82 9 3600 ZADAR 44 5.4N 15 16.3E 28/02/82 9 3600 NOVALJA 44 33. 3N 14 13.2E 28/02/82 9 3600 SPLIT 43 30. ON 16 26. OE 28/02/82 9 3600 DUBROVNIK 42 40. ON 18 4.0E 28/02/82 9 3600 BAR 42 5.0N 19 5.0E 28/02/82 9 3600 52 In compiling the dataset, MIAS translated all incoming data into a common format with elevation values standardized to meters and times to GMT. The data for each site were plotted as a time series and checks were carried out for gaps or constant values, spikes, spurious data or punching errors. Further checks were carried out by tidally analyzing and low pass filtering the data. Non-tidal fluctuations were investigated using principal component analysis. Qualifying information applicable to the data from each site was checked for inconsistencies and completeness, and appropriate documentation was stored with the data in the form of plain language records. The complete quality controlled dataset, including documentation, has been stored on a single magnetic tape formatted in GF3, the IOC's standard format for the exchange of oceanographic data. A copy of the data set may be obtained as ASCII files on floppy disk or via FTP over the internet from: World Data Center A, Oceanography NOAA Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. E-mail: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov or RNODC/MEDALPEX Sea Level Data BODC Bidston Observatory Merseyside L43 7RA U.K. E-mail: bodcmail@ua.nbi.ac.uk 53 RNODC DRIBU RNODC FOR DRIFTING BUOYS Background The Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) began operation of the RNODC/Drifting Buoy Data in January 1986. The RNODC acquires Drifting Buoy Data from worldwide sources, makes the data available to international scientific programs, and prepares geographical plots of Drifting Buoy locations and tracks for the world oceans on a monthly basis. The RNODC also provides monthly statistics of operational buoys and the number of messages received from them. Acquisition of Drifting Buoy Data There are three procedures by which Drifting Buoy Data are received by the RNODC. The first and more traditional is for the principal investigator to submit his data directly to the RNODC, or to his National Oceanographic Data Centre which in turn submits the data to the RNODC. For historical data sets, this is the only option available. Data received in this way are usually of the highest quality, since they have undergone the most discriminating calibration and qual- ity control procedures under the direction of the principal investigator; however, data entering the system in this manner are not sufficiently timely to meet the operational requirements of the major global science programs. The second path for data flow to the RNODC is via the GTS. An advantage of this procedure is that the data are available in time scales suitable for the opera- tional requirements of researchers in programs such as TOGA and WOCE, as well as for other operational users such as meteorological forecasters. Data received in this way may be less accurate, because they have not been fully reviewed and assessed by the principal investigator. For drifting buoy data, there is also a problem in that using the DRIBU format on the GTS for some buoys may limit the data that can be transmitted, because of a requirement to restrict the infor- mation to 256 bits. A third procedure involves retrieving the DRIBU data as they pass through Ser- vices ARGOS. Although these data still have not been reviewed and assessed by the principal investigator, they are an improvement over the GTS data in that both time of observation and position time are available to improve velocity calcu- lations. Data received by Service ARGOS are stored on magnetic tape for a pe- riod of 90 days. After this time, the tapes are reused and the data then reside solely in the hands of the principal investigators. Canada and the United States 54 have agreed to share the cost of buying copies of these tapes for the RNODC. Data from a buoy can only be provided to the RNODC if the principal investigator has given consent in writing. RNODC/Drifting Buoy Data Base MEDS utilizes a hierarchical database, called System 2000, to store the drifting buoy data; because of the volume of data, each year of data is stored in its own data base. In order to provide services to users at all time scales and to have available at each time scale the best data possible, the RNODC has decided to accept all data using the following hierarchical guidelines: 1. Where possible, Principal Investigators are requested to make their data available to other operational users and to the RNODC by having the data transmitted on the GTS. The RNODC will copy all available data from the GTS, quality control it, and update it into the data base on a weekly basis. 2. Principal Investigators are also requested to agree to have Service ARGOS provide a copy of their data to MEDS via tape each month whether or not those data have already been on the GTS. The data circulated on the GTS have only the one time included which poses a difficulty in calculating velocities. Thus, the tape data with the two times is an improvement to the database and will be used to replace the GTS data in the database. In addition, data will be picked up which could not be circulated on the GTS because of the format of the transmission from the buoy. If Service Argos has not already been supplied with the calibration constants, channel allocations, and algorithms, or has not been requested to make the conversions to physical units, there will be a requirement for the RNODC to obtain this information from the principal investigators. Principal investigators are reminded that if the sensor data cannot be made available, the position data itself is of value for the database. 3. Principal Investigators are requested to provide a copy of their Drifting Buoy Data either directly to the RNODC when the fully processed, quality controlled version is available, or to provide the data to their National Oceanographic Data Centre, where the RNODC will be requesting such data on a regular basis. Data received by this path will replace GTS or Service ARGOS versions of the data in the database. By receiving data in the configuration set forth above, and replacing earlier, lower quality data as higher quality versions of the data arrive, the RNODC can offer users a choice between timeliness and quality, as dictated by their particular requirements. 55 The RNODC recognizes that in some cases there exists a need to restrict distri- bution of data to protect a scientist's right to benefit first from collection activities carried out at considerable effort and cost. It is noted that the large international experiments generally have data exchange agreements that state when the data are available to other participants and to those outside the program. The RNODC will honor such data exchange agreements and will, at a scientist's request, restrict further distribution of the data according to the terms of the pertinent agreement. In regard to data from individual scientists, bilateral agreements on further distribution of data for a period of up to two years can also be made. RNODC Services As mentioned earlier, the RNODC maintains its drifting buoy data in a data base structure. This provides maximum flexibility when meeting a request. While a number of different qualifiers may be used to retrieve data, the most common are area and time. Requesters may also specify all data or only those which have passed the quality control procedures. On output, the data can be written on various computer media, such as computer diskette, CD-ROM, 8-mm cartridge, DAT and DLT tapes, in a standard subset of the GF3 formatting system or in some other agreed ad hoc character format. In choosing the data format, users should be aware that the GF3 Formatting System is supported by a powerful and growing software system which is available for many of the more widely used host computers. Note that the data can also be downloaded using File Transfer Protocol (FTP) over the Internet. Each month, the RNODC publishes a summary of the data it has received in real time; also produced are global maps of drifting buoy tracks for the previous month. These maps are issued regularly on a monthly basis. Anyone wishing to receive this summary should contact the RNODC. There is no charge to receive this product. To obtain the RNODC Drifting Buoy Data Set, requesters should contact one of the following: RNODC for Drifting Buoy Data Marine Environmental Data Service Department of Fisheries and Oceans 200 Kent Street Ottawa K1A0E6 Canada World Data Center A, Oceanography NOAA Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Telephone: 613-990-0243 FAX: 613-993-4658 Email: services@meds-sdmm.dfo-mpo.gc.ca Telephone: 301-713-3295 FAX: 301-713-3303 Email: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov 56 TROPICAL OCEAN and GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE PROGRAMME TOGA Background A major component of the TOGA International Implementation Plan was the monitoring of the global atmosphere and the upper layers of the three tropical oceans during the ten -year period of 1985-1994. Existing meteorological and oceanographic observation systems were maintained and expanded by TOGA, while new networks were also installed in key locations. These observations, along with available historical data, have provided a description of the ocean- climate system and its variability from sub-seasonal to interannual scales. TOGA Tropical Subsurface Data Centers The TOGA Tropical Subsurface Data Centre in Brest, France operated within the framework of both the IOC's International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) system and the Joint IOC-WMO Integrated Global Ocean Ser- vices System (IGOSS). This Centre has been continued for the WOCE program as the Global Subsurface Data Centre. The Centre collects subsurface ocean observa- tions from the following sources: (1) tropical oceans observations from the IGOSS network; (2) additional vertical temperature profiles from XBT's and from drifting or moored buoys with thermistor chains, not sent over the GTS; (3) time series of temperature and salinity at fixed depth from moored thermistor chains; (4) sur- face temperature and salinity data and vertical profiles of temperature and salin- ity from CTD's, bottle casts, and WCTD's; and (5) other subsurface ocean mea- surements from process-oriented intensive oceanographic observation projects in the tropical oceans. Initially, data are collected from radio transmissions, with fully digitized and quality controlled observations added with time. The subsurface thermal data described above are analyzed, and the Centre assembles and disseminates qual- ity-controlled Level II-B data sets for the Global Oceans. The Centre is also re- s attaO 57 sponsible for provision of these data sets to the World Data Centers, Oceanogra- phy at appropriate intervals. WDC-A, by virtue of its collocation with the U.S. National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), also has access to the Tropical Pacific Ocean data set jointly maintained by NODC and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), serving as the Joint Environmental Data Analysis (JEDA) Center. JEDA tracks, acquires, quality controls, and merges all available subsurface thermal data for the Tropical Pacific. NODC assembles, reformats and initiates quality control of the data; SIO performs further quality control and analysis of the data. Each yearly Level II-B Pacific Ocean data set undergoes the full spectrum of quality control and analysis by the JEDA Center; it is then provided to WDC-A. TOGA Sea Level Center The TOGA Project, realizing the importance of sea level data for research in ocean dynamics and for the monitoring and prediction of oceanographic processes, estab- lished a TOGA Sea Level Center at the University of Hawaii. The purpose of this Center to collect all sea level data taken by island-based and coastal tide gauges in the area between 30°N and 30°S during the TOGA project, and to make them available for research. The TOGA Sea Level Center also obtains and archives past sea level data for the same region, when they are made available from the origina- tors. Hourly, daily, and monthly values are prepared and archived, the data are stored digitally and are passed on yearly to other TOGA data centers, to the Per- manent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL), and to the World Data Centers, Oceanography; The Archive is maintained online, with access through the World Wide Web adn FTP. The TOGA Sea Level Center also supports the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS). Sea level data has assumed greater impor- tance because of its utilization in the calibration of satellite altimeters, such as GEOSAT. Since the conclusion of the TOGA program, many of the observing stations have continued to provide sea level data on a regular basis. Through the creation of the Joint Archive for Sea Level (JASL) with the Univer- sity of Hawaii, the U.S. NODC is providing data management for this effort and assisting in the acquisition, processing, quality assurance, archiving, and dissemi- nation of the data. The Joint Archive for Sea Level submits sea level time series data updates to NODC on a yearly basis. These updates may include data from new stations, as well as previously unprocessed data from existing stations. In addition, the updates may include data previously submitted to NODC that have been reprocessed to improve data quality. Therefore, to update the sea level data files for a station already in the database, NODC completely replaces the time series of data for that station with a new version that may include both new and reprocessed data. 58 TOGA TAP Array The TOGA TAO (Tropical Atmosphere Ocean) Array provided measurements of surface winds, air temperature, humidity, SST, upper-ocean temperatures and currents. This mooring array was established by TOGA in the Equatorial Pacific. The array is comprised of the ATLAS (Autonomous Temperature Line Acquisition System) wind and thermistor chain moorings and the PROTEUS (PROfile TElemetry of Upper ocean currents) downward-looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) current measurement system. For the ATLAS moorings, surface winds, air temperature, humidity, SST, and sub-surface temperature at 10 depths down to 500 m are telemetered to shore via Service Argos serveral times a day, and for PROTEUS, daily-averaged velocity profiles with 8 m vertical resolution between 10 - 250 m are telemetered to shore in real time via Service Argos. Since the conclusion of the TOGA program, TAO coverage in the tropical oceans has been significantly enhanced. NODC receives periodic updates to the TAO Array data set; WDC-A provides updates of this data set to its counterpart WDCs. WDC-A, Oceanography Support to TOGA WDC-A, Oceanography serves as an archival center for each of these TOGA Data Sets. Its responsibilities are to provide TOGA data sets to requesters in the inter- national scientific community, at a cost not to exceed that of data reproduction and postage, and to provide copies of all TOGA data sets received to World Data Centers B and D, Oceanography in exchange. TOGA data and information are available from the following Specialized Data Centers: Global Subsurface Data Centre Centre IFREMER de Brest BP70 29263 Plouzane, France Email: Marie.Claire.Fabri@ifremer.fr JEDA Center Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California La Jolla, CA 92093 U.S.A. Email: wbwhite@ucsd.edu JEDA Center National Oceanographic Data Center NOAA Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Email: mhamilton@nodc.noaa.gov The Joint Archive for Sea Level University of Hawaii - MSB 312 1000 Pope Road Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 U.S.A. Email: caldwell@nodc.noaa.gov World Data Center A, Oceanography National Oceanic & Atmospheric Admin. Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Email: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov 59 Pacific Ocean sea-level stations with quality-controlled data in the JASL archive 1O0°E 120°E 140°E 160°E 180° 160°W 140°W 120°W 100°W 80°W 20°N EQ 20-S 40°N 20°N 20°S 100°E 120°E 140°E 160°E 180" 160-W 140°W 120°W 100°W 80°W Pacific Ocean TOGA "Tropical Atmosphere Ocean" (TAO) array 60 RNODC SOC SOUTHERN OCEANS DATA SET The RNODC/Southern Oceans (RNODC/SOC) was created in order to provide a regional data management and data information service for Southern Oceans physi- cal and chemical oceanographic data. The RNODC was created under guidelines set forth in Recommendation XII. 1 by the IOC's Technical Committee on International Oceanographic Data Exchange (IODE XII, Moscow 10-17 December 1986). The Terms of Reference of the RNODC/SOC include the following responsibilities: - Acquire, quality control, and store in standard format the physical and chemical data obtained by the international community from the cruises and research programmes carried out in the Southern Oceans; - Co-operate closely with the World Data Centers, Oceanography by sending regular shipments (at least once a year), free of charge, of complete sets of physical and chemical data stored on magnetic tapes in GF3, and inventories, data summaries, and other data products related to the physical and chemi- cal data from the Southern Oceans; - Assist the World Data Centers by sending copies to them of any ROSCOP forms submitted to the RNODC-SOC; - Co-operate with the BIOMASS Data Center, regarding exchange of data and inventories, as well as other data products. The RNODC-SOC is located in and operated by the Argentine Oceanographic Data Center (CEADO). 61 SOUTHERN OCEANS OCEANOGRAPHIC STATION PLOT 90 °W 180 90 °E This plot shows the locations of 15,670 oceanographic data observations made in the Southern Oceans and registered in the RNODC/SOC master data file. 62 RNODC/SOC Oceanographic Data Set The RNODC/SOC data set contains data for all available oceanographic sta- tions for the Southern Oceans between 50° and the Antarctic Continent. Data for a total of 15,670 oceanographic stations taken during 387 Southern Oceans cruises are included in the data set. Seasonally, the data totals are approximately 2,500 observations taken during the Austral Winter (April-September) and more than 13,000 observations taken during the Austral Summer (October-March). Southern Oceans observational data taken by 19 countries have been received by the RNODC. The RNODC/SOC data set is available from: Argentine Oceanographic Data Center (RNODC/SOC) Centro Argentino de Datos Oceanograficos Ave. Montes de Oca 2 124 1271 - Buenos Aires Republica Argentina Email: ceado@rina.hidro.gov.ar or World Data Center A, Oceanography National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Email: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov 63 RNODC IGOSS INTEGRATED GLOBAL OCEAN SERVICES SYSTEM DATA SET Background The Integrated Global Ocean Services System (IGOSS) is a worldwide system for the rapid collection, exchange and analysis of oceanographic data and the timely preparation and dissemination of ocean products and services. IGOSS was estab- lished to support oceanographic and meteorological research efforts by providing: (1) a global distribution of oceanographic observations, (2) a mechanism for the timely and effective exchange of data, and (3) the preparation of oceanographic analysis products capable of supporting global change and climate research stud- ies. IGOSS products and services can be useful for input to large scale circulation models, for research survey planning, and for direct application in commercial fisheries, recreation, commercial shipping, and search and rescue efforts. Real- time ocean products currently available include sea surface and subsurface tem- perature analyses and graphical depictions of mixed layer depths and ocean frontal positions. Additional analyses and data summaries available as delayed- mode products include: (1) ocean currents, (2) salinity, (3) distribution of pollut- ants, and (4) weekly and monthly temperature means. The IGOSS data are BATHY (profiles of temperature with depth) and TESAC (temperature/salinity/ current profiles with depth). The major operational elements of the IGOSS program are: (1) observing system, (2) data processing and services system, (3) telecommunication arrangements, (4) marine pollution monitoring, and (5) data archival and exchange. The organi- zational structure of the IGOSS data processing and services system consists of World Oceanographic Centers in Moscow and Washington and National and Specialized Oceanographic Centers in participating nations. Data from all coop- erating nations are combined in standard formats at the World Oceanographic Centers, and then used as input to global and hemispheric analyses for improved weather forecasting, global climate studies, and a variety of products for oceano- graphic research uses. National Oceanographic Centers provide quality control for data from their country entering the international exchange system via a high speed global telecommunications link called the Global Telecommunication Sys- tem (GTS) of the World Weather Watch. IGOSS & 64 Long-range data exchange and service arrangements and long-term archival activities for IGOSS data are performed by National Oceanographic Data Centers in Japan, the U.S.S.R., and the United States. These NODC's, serving as Re- sponsible National Oceanographic Data Centers (RNODC's) for IGOSS, compile archives of IGOSS data and products, assume responsibilities for specified re- gions of the world oceans, and deal with problems of quality control. They main- tain geographically sorted, updated files of observations received via the GTS. RNODC's/IGOSS Terms of Reference The terms of reference for RNODC's/IGOSS are as follows: 1. Acquire BATHY and TESAC datasets and sub-surface temperature data from drifting and moored buoys from IGOSS Specialized Oceano- graphic Centres (SOC) for area of responsibility; apply supplementary quality control to acquired data and provide services to users after 30 days from receipt of that data; 2. Acquire non-operational BATHY, TESAC, and sub-surface temperature data from drifting and moored buoys and/or datasets for area of respon- sibility; apply quality control on non-operational data, prepare inte- grated datasets, and provide services to users; 3. Maintain a data base and inventories for areas of responsibility; 4. Prepare products based on operational and non-operational IGOSS data, as appropriate; also, archive and make available to users, selected data products provided by SOCs and analysis centres; 5. Provide for exchange of IGOSS data with other RNODC's or to other users as requested; 6. Transmit datasets, inventories of archived data, and selected data products to the WDCs annually; 7. Provide for exchange of documentation and software regarding quality control and processing procedures, with other RNODC's, as possible; 8. Participate in efforts to monitor data flow, and participate, as feasible, in IOC training programmes; 9. Prepare inventories of available data sets of the RNODC's area of interest and transmit them to the IOC Secretariat semiannually. 65 RNODC/IGOSS - Japan The RNODC/IGOSS- Japan is operated by the Japan Oceanographic Data Center (JODC), with support from the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), which serves as a Specialized Oceanographic Center (SOC) for IGOSS. At the SOC, systematic quality control of the collected BATHY/TESAC reports is made. The SOC com- piles the IGOSS monthly summaries including maps showing the geographical distribution of BATHY/TESAC messages and numbers of messages of individual ships and sends them to the Secretariat of the IOC. IGOSS data submitted by the SOC are stored in three formats at the RNODC/ IGOSS. The first includes the original data file compiled on a semiannual basis. This file contains the collected and processed data from the GTS and other opera- tional sources within the area of responsibility. The second contains the data and data inventory files recorded in a form of the SYNDARC Format, and is available to users as computer-generated data summaries, statistical presentations, and graphical plots, or in a medium which allows the user to further process the data using a personal computer. During the conversion process, minimum quality control procedures are applied to the original data based on IOC Manuals and Guides No. 3. The third is the JODC-formatted version of the data inventory file. From this file, data products such as data summaries and location plots of obser- vations are provided to users, as well as to the IOC and WMO. RNODC/IGOSS - Russia The RNODC/IGOSS-Russia and SOC for IGOSS data was established in 1984 under the auspices of the Russian Scientific Research Center for Hydrometeoro- logical Information and the Russian Hydrometeorological Scientific Research Center (Russian Hydrometcenter). The responsibilities of the RNODC/IGOSS include the collection of BATHY/TESAC messages and logs, quality control of the data, preparation of data sets on magnetic tape, and the development of products concerning availability and time-space data distribution. The RNODC/IGOSS also provides national and international users with copies of data, results of analyses, and with other products for its area of responsibility. The responsibilities of the SOC include preparation, publication, and distribution of different types of operational oceanographic products on a regular basis includ- ing those distributed via FAX machines that are readily available to different groups of users. These activities are carried out in accordance with the procedures spelled out in the IOC's Guide to Operational Procedures for the Collection and Exchange of Oceanographic Data (BATHY and TESAC), 1985 and the Guide to the IGOSS Data Processing and Services System. 1983. 66 RNODC/IGOSS - U.S. The RNODC/IGOSS-U.S., located at the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), receives near real-time data weekly from the Ocean Products Center at Suitland, Maryland and the Ocean Applications Group in Monterey, California. These data are extracted from the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) on a daily basis for screening and editing. At the RNODC, the near real-time data sent by the two organizations are run through a series of programs to convert the data into NODC's Universal Bathythermograph (UBT) format. This data set is next sorted by date, time, position, and an indicator of the source of the data. The sorted file is then compared with existing observations and duplicates are elimi- nated. The records retained are then sorted by reference number, date, and time to pro- duce a cruise-ordered data set. From this final data set, inventory records are created. These data are then merged into the RNODC/IGOSS Archive. The Archive is updated on a monthly basis in geographical sequence. Data in the U.S. RNODC/IGOSS Archive are then available for international exchange and can be provided to users in a variety of forms ranging from standard media copies to computer- generated data summaries, statistical analyses, and graphic plots. Availability of IGOSS Data and Products through WDC-A, Oceanography Various RNODC/IGOSS data, analyses, and products are available through WDC-A, Oceanography. Upon request, WDC-A will provide copies of pertinent data products, or, alternatively, refer the requester to the appropriate IGOSS data source. 67 GTSPP GLOBAL TEMPERATURE - SALINITY PROJECT INTRODUCTION Making ocean temperature and salinity data quickly and easily accessible to users is the primary goal of the Global Temperature - Salinity Program (GTSPP). A cooperative international program, the GTSPP has now developed a global ocean T-S data base comprised of data that are as up-to-date and of the highest quality possible. Numerous IODE countries are now contributing to the program. U.S. PARTICIPATION The U.S. supports the GTSPP through the participation of its National Oceano- graphic Data Center (NODC). NODC fulfills several functions in support of the GTSPP: 1. Data communications support. The Internet is used daily to transmit and receive data and project information. Real-time data are relayed from NOAA's National Weather Service and the Navy's Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center to Canada's Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS). In addition, monthly fliers are transmitted to oceanography centers in Hobart, Australia; Brest, France; La Jolla, California; Miami, Florida; and other locations in the United States. 2. Data quality control. All GTSPP data are passed through standard data quality tests, which are documented in the GTSPP Real-Time Quality Control Manual (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides No. 22, UNESCO, 1990). NODC has implemented two systems to apply quality tests to data destined for the GTSPP database. The systems operate on UNIX-based work- stations that are part of NODC's client/server computing environment. One system displays geographical positions of observations as compared to land masses, and shows ship speed between observations as a check on positions dates and times. The second system applies tests to subsurface temperature and salinity data, set- ting flags to reflect test results. 3. Database maintenance. GTSPP data are maintained in a relational database that is managed by commercial software on the UNIX workstation. Real-time data are added automatically, as they arrive from MEDS. Higher quality delayed mode data are also being quality controlled and added to the data base. As these observa- tions are added, the matching real-time data are tagged to avoid sending two copies of the same data. The database makes it possible to quickly load and retrieve data, 68 as well as to provide statistics about the number of observations per geographic region, time period, ship, or data type. GTSPP DATA Data in the GTSPP database are generated by ships or buoys from all regions of the world's oceans. Instruments used to collect the data include thermistor chains (on buoys), XBTs, digital bathythermographs (DBTs), bottle samplers, and CTDs. The data are sent in real-time (by radio or satellite transmission) and later in delayed mode when ships return to port. Delayed-mode records are generally of higher resolution than records sent in real time. Therefore, NODC acquires delayed mode data (usually several months after data were collected) and merges them into the database. To avoid duplication of real-time and delayed mode observations, real-time records are matched to corre- sponding delayed mode records in the database. In that way, the GTSPP data resource is built quickly from real-time records and subsequently enhanced by high quality, high resolution delayed mode records. SUPPORT TO CLIMATE RESEARCH NODC continues to provide monthly files of real-time data to WOCE Upper Ocean Thermal science centers in France, Australia, and the U.S.; each of these centers uses the data in ocean climate research. Results of their scientific analyses are fed back into the GTSPP database to enhance data quality. Also, in support of WOCE, NODC now produces reports of the distribution of data along TOGA-WOCE-IGOSS transect lines. GTSPP has demonstrated the feasibility of a global ocean network of data manage- ment and science centers. The project has shown that computer technology and networks, now in place, are sufficient for sustaining cooperative work such as that being done in GTSPP. Experience gained from GTSPP will be useful to future global ocean data management projects, such as the Global Ocean Observing Sys- tem (GOOS). To obtain information about the availability of data from the GTSPP Data Base, as well as participation in the Program itself, please contact the following: National Oceanographic Data Center World Data Center A, Oceanography NOAA/NESDIS E/OC 13 NOAA Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Email: mhamilton@nodc.noaa.gov Email: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov 69 ROSCOP REPORT OF OBSERVATIONS/SAMPLES COLLECTED BY OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAMS International marine data inventories, particularly the Reports of Observations/ Samples Collected by Oceanographic Programs (ROSCOPs 1 and 2) and their suc- cessor, the Cruise Summary Report (ROSCOP 3), have played a significant role in the success of IODE data exchange and data management for more than 20 years. In addition to their stated purpose of providing a means for determining the avail- ability of internationally exchangeable data in advance of its actual receipt, these inventories have also: (1) provided referral service to data not routinely exchanged through the WDC system and (2) supplied important documentation in support of processing by national and regional data centers. The ROSCOP scheme was initially approved by IODE at its Fifth Session in 1970 as an interim marine data inventory, and the first ROSCOP 1 forms were received by the WDC in 1971. A completely revised version (ROSCOP 2) was developed by the Task Team on Inventories of Marine Data and Samples, and was accepted by IODE at its Seventh Session in 1973; ROSCOP 2 forms were first received during 1974. Subsequently, in consideration of new requirements identified by IODE, the form was completely redesigned in 1989; the resulting Cruise Summary Report (also subtitled ROSCOP 3 for purposes of continuity), which was intended to be more user-friendly, was approved by IODE in 1990. Through the end of 1999, WDC for Oceanography had received and tabulated a total of 23,906 ROSCOP forms of all types (ROSCOPs 1, 2 and 3) for the twenty-year period. A general decline in numbers of forms received from the first half of the period to the last half is evident. Certain factors have obviously had a significant impact on the receipt of ROSCOP forms: (1) the occurrence of special projects of limited duration (such as the U.S. OCSEAP Program in the 1970s) that generated large numbers of ROSCOPs; (2) a possible overall decrease in many countries' national marine science programs; and (3) significant periods of policy changes or disruptions that impact a Data Center's activities. In evaluating the long-term success of the ROSCOP program, it is important to recognize the valuable contribution made by ICES in developing the automated system that facilitates utilization of information received on the ROSCOP forms. The automated ICES system is in use at WDC for Oceanography. Previous discrep- ancies between the WDC's ROSCOP tabulations and the ICES system have been resolved. A WDC project has now ensured that all of the WDC's historical ROSCOPs have been provided to ICES. 70 Number of ROSCOP forms and Cruise Summary Report forms received by WDC-A, Oceanography, as of 31 December 1999 Country ROSCOP 1 Forms ROSCOP 2 Forms Cruise Summary Reports Argentina 1 158 19 Australia - 89 -- Belgium 15 13 - Brazil -- 106 21 Canada 63 315 38 Chile -- 1 -- Colombia 9 — -- Denmark 41 223 -- Ecuador 6 -- -- Finland 27 107 -- France 100 2,335 748 Germany 513 1,746 1,832 Ghana « 2 -- Iceland 39 122 -- India 32 8 -- Indonesia -- -- 2 Ireland 12 43 -- Italy 3 -- -- Japan 214 1,638 212 Netherlands 78 295 11 Norway 108 ! 404 -- Peru 3 -- -- Poland 82 100 -- Portugal -- 1 -- Spain 35 15 -- Sweden 38 203 -- South Africa -- 477 — Russia 85 393 -- United Kingdom 614 2,412 622 United States 20 6,304 328 Korea (Republic of) 8 58 339 Congo (People's Rep.) 16 1 -- Senegal 1 -- -- Mauritania 2 -- -- Totals 2,165 17,569 4,172 71 WOCE WORLD OCEAN CIRCULATION EXPERIMENT BACKGROUND The World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) is a component of the World Climate Research Program that seeks to investigate the role played by ocean circu- lation in the earth's climate system. Its goal is to develop improved ocean circula- tion models for use in climate prediction. The WOCE observational phase (1990-1997) has used satellites and in-situ physical/ chemical measurements taken during this largest and most comprehensive ocean observational program under- taken to date, in compiling a quasi-synoptic data set of unprecedented scope. DATA MANAGEMENT The WOCE Hydrographic Program (WHP) is comprised of One-Time Surveys, Re- peat Hydrography, and Bathymetry data taken along WOCE tracks. The One-Time Survey encompasses a range of physical and chemical measurements at discrete stations and from continuous sampling. Repeat Hydrography sections and time-series stations provide information on the temporal variability of the ocean in different seasons and years. The WHP Special Analysis Center represents the final stage in the hydrographic data management process, providing a globally-consistent data set and generating dynamical data products. Direct Current Measurements include data from Current Meter Moorings, Subsurface Floats, Surface Drifting Buoys, and Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs). WOCE Upper Ocean and Sea Surface Observations consist of Upper Ocean Thermal Data, Sea Surface Salin- ity, and Surface Meteorological Data and Surface Fluxes. Upper Ocean Thermal measurements are taken with XBTs, moored buoys, thermistor chains, profiling floats, and CTDs. The WOCE One-Time Hydrographic Survey 72 The unusually wide variety of data types observed during WOCE has required a somewhat different approach to data management than was employed during previ- ous international ocean surveys. The WOCE data management structure consists of the following elements: Data Assembly Centers (DACs) are managed by scientists, handle assembly and quality control of data sets, and generate data products. Special Analysis Centers (SACs) perform data analysis and synthesis func- tions, including the generation of derived data sets. Data Information Unit (DIU) is a central source of information on the status of WOCE, tracking all data collection, processing, and archiving activities, and acting as the primary interface between the WOCE data system and its users. Delayed Mode Sea Level British Oceanographic Data Centre WOCE International Protect Office Southampton Oceanography Centre Heal Time XBTs & Drifters Marine Environmental Data Services XBTs & WOCE Archive US National Oceanographic Data Centre WHP Office & Subsurface Floats Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Surface Met/AJr-Sea Fluxes Florida State University Surface Drifters and Atlantic XBTs Atlantic Ooeanographic and Meteorological Laboratory ADCPData Japan Oceanographic Data Centre Current Meter Data Oregon State University Bathymetry National Geophysical Data Centre Pacific XBTs Scripos Institution of Oceanography Fast Delivery Sea Level University of Hawaii WOCE Data Information Unit University of Delaware XBTs & Surface Salinity IFREMER WOCE Data System WOCE DATA AVAILABILITY Resources and expertise from almost 30 countries have been combined to produce an unprecedented collection of in-situ and satellite observations of the global oceans for the period 1990-1997. The Global Data Version 1.0 CD-ROM Series, which was the inaugural set of WOCE CD-ROMs, was released at the May 1998 WOCE Ocean Circulation and Climate Conference in Halifax, Canada. This series, prepared by 73 the U.S. NODC, makes available a unique and diverse set of data that can be expected to provide invaluable assistance to climate researchers. The 13 CDs cover all facets of the WOCE field program: Disc 1 - The Data Information Unit and Bathymetry Data Disc 2 - Hydrographic Program Data Disc 3 - Hydrographic Program Data Products Disc 4 - Upper Ocean Thermal Data Disc 5 - Subsurface Floats Data Disc 6 - Surface Velocity Program Data Disc 7 - Current Meter Moorings Data Disc 8 - Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) Data Disc 9 - Sea Level Data Disc 10 - Surface Meteorology Data, Pacific and Indian Oceans Disc 11 - Surface Meteorology Data, Atlantic and Southern Oceans Disc 12 - Surface Fluxes Disc 13 - Satellite Derived Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Surface Height Data Versions 1.5 and 2.0 of the WOCE CD-ROM Series are expected to be issued at appropriate intervals, as additional WOCE data sets are received from WOCE Pis. The WOCE CD-ROMs are available upon request from WDC-A, Oceanography and the U.S. NODC. National Oceanographic Data Center World Data Center A, Oceanography NOAA/NESDIS E/OC1 NOAA E/OC53 Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 U.S.A. Email: services@nodc.noaa.gov Email: wdca@nodc.noaa.gov 74 PENN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AQ0DQ72DM3Q73